Newsgroup: it.cultura.religioni
Titolo: Storia di Intolleranza

Vi allego un articolo di storia.Scusate l'inglese
Descrive come sia Greci che Romani rispettarono i culti ed i templi,
sviluppando quello che ai tempi era la nazione piu' ricca in termini
economici e culturali del mediterraneo.
Solo dopo l'ingresso del Cristianesimo inizia il declino, prima le religioni
coesistono poi si passa alla demonizzazione dei culti locali, folle di
fedeli inferociti, distruzione dei templi e dei papiri, alla fine chiusura
per decreto dell'ultimo tempio a Philae nel 535 DC sotto i Bizantini..
Fine della cultura egizia, l'Egitto e' un paese Cristianizzato interamente,
fine del politeismo e della liberta' religiosa durata oltre 3000 anni..
Con la religione muore anche la civilta' che la ha prodotta.
Succedera' lo stesso nel continente Americano 1000 anni dopo.
*************
When the Macedonian conqueror Alexander the Great entered Egypt, he was
welcomed as the son of the god Amun and he was immediately accepted as the
new king of the country. He founded a new city on the shores of the
Mediterranean, the first of many cities to bear the name of Alexandria. He
also set about restoring all the damage done by the Persian occupation.
Upon his death and the death of his two successors Phillipos Arrhidaeos and
Alexander IV, his empire was divided between his generals. Egypt was taken
by Ptolemy, son of Lagos, who had been appointed to satrap of the country by
Alexander himself. During the wars that resulted from this division, he was
also able to conquer Syria-Palestine.
He and his successors would not only continue Alexander's policy of
restoration in Egypt, they also supported the building of new temples
throughout the country. On the island of Philae, Ptolemy II Philopator
started with the rebuilding of the 26th Dynasty temple of Isis; his
successor Ptolemy III Euergetes I started with the building of a new temple
dedicated to Horus. Their successors would continue to enlarge these temples
next to building new ones such as the temple of Hathor at Dendara and the
temple of Khnum and Neith in Esna. This way they ensured the support of the
Egyptian clergy and the Egyptian people.
During the reign of Ptolemy V, there was some upheaval when an Egyptian
Dynasty tried to seize power.
The dynastic rivalry of the later Ptolemies finally resulted in an
intervention of the Romans to put Ptolemy XII Euergetes II back into power.
From then on, the Romans began to play an important part in Egyptian
history. They again intervened, this time in favour of Ptolemy XII's
daughter Cleopatra, a couple of years later. Although Cleopatra was a
capable and a politically gifted ruler, she would become involved in the
power struggle of the Romans Octavianus (Augustus) and Antonius and
unfortunately, she chose the wrong side. When her and Antonius' fleets were
destroyed at the battle of Actium and she committed suicide, Egypt became a
Roman province.
The Roman emperors too, continued the policy of building temples in Egypt,
thus ensuring the loyalty of the Egyptian clergy and a stable flow of grain
out of the greatest granary of the world. The beginning of the Roman Period
is one of the most prosperous in Egypt: new cities were built and the land
was considered of great importance to the world.
As part of the Roman Empire, Egypt was also more open to the world than
before. Although it had admitted its share of foreigners in the past, it had
always clung to its own culture and to its own ideas. Since the conquest by
Alexander the Great, however, it became more and more a Hellenistic state,
with a Hellenistic culture, and as a Roman province, it was also more open
to the ideology that would finally strike the mortal blow to the millennia
old Ancient Egyptian civilisation: Christianity.
During the first centuries A.D., Egypt was very slowly being converted to
this new religion. Soon, the old temples would be closed and converted into
monasteries or churches. The images of old gods and kings, meant to preserve
the creation, would be considered as demonic and were cut out. The papyri
that were kept in the temples' libraries were burned.
When the Roman Empire was divided into two parts and Egypt became a part of
the Byzantine Empire, most of its population had converted to Christianity.
The only temple with an ancient cult was the temple of Isis on the island of
Philae. Although this last Egyptian temple had coexisted peacefully with the
new Christian cult, rumour was spread in the beginning of the 6th century
A.D. that the devil was worshipped in that temple with human sacrifice. Its
closing by force of arms in 535/537 A.D. meant the definite end of the
Ancient Egyptian civilisation.
************
Saluti Cad Ali'
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http://www.hyperlinker.com/spg/
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http://www.hyperlinker.com/spg/pppop.htm

[. . .]
Forse e' per questa ragione che prima i greci e poi i romani cercarono di
distruggere Israele e la cultura ebraica? Fino a provocarne la diaspora? I
libri dei maccabei non sono storici anche loro? Le stragi che fecero i
romani in Palestina fino alla distruzione del tempio non sono storia?
Masada, Masada, . . . , ti dice niente questa' localita' del mar morto?
L'intolerranza e' prima di tutto nel  cuore dell'uomo!
Ciao
Claudio Pace.