A method of determining a sequence of the best solutions to the problems of optimization on finite sets and the problem of network reconstruction A method of determining a sequence of the best solutions to the problems of optimization on finite sets was proposed . Its complexity was estimated by a polynomial of the dimension of problem input , given number of sequence terms , and complexity of completing the design of the original extremal problem . The technique developed was applied to the typical problem of network reconstruction with the aim of increasing its throughput under restricted reconstruction costs

O O O O O O O O B I O O O O B O B I O O O O B I O O O O O O O O B I O O O O B O B I O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O

best solutions
optimization
finite sets
network reconstruction
complexity


Stabilization of a linear object by frequency-modulated pulsed signals A control system consisting of an unstable continuous linear part and a pulse-frequency modulator in the feedback circuit is studied . Conditions for the boundedness of the solutions of the system under any initial data are determined

B O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O

stabilization
control system
feedback circuit

discrete systems
frequency-modulated pulsed signals
linear stationary object
solution boundedness


Enterprise in focus at NetSec 2002 NetSec 2002 took place in San Francisco , amid industry reflection on the balance to be struck between combatting cyber-terrorism and safeguarding civil liberties post-9 .11 . The author reports on the punditry and the pedagogy at the CSI event , focusing on security in the enterprise

O O O O B I B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O


A conceptual framework for evaluation of information technology investments The decision to acquire a new information technology poses a number of serious evaluation and selection problems to technology managers , because the new system must not only meet current information requirements of the organisation , but also the needs for future expansion . Tangible and intangible benefits factors , as well as risks factors , must be identified and evaluated . The paper provides a review of ten major evaluation categories and available models , which fall under each category , showing their advantages and disadvantages in handling the above difficulties . This paper describes strategic implications involved in the selection decision , and the inherent difficulties in : -LRB- 1 -RRB- choosing or developing a model , -LRB- 2 -RRB- obtaining realistic inputs for the model , and -LRB- 3 -RRB- making tradeoffs among the conflicting factors . It proposes a conceptual framework to help the decision maker in choosing the most appropriate methodology in the evaluation process . It also offers a new model , called GAHP , for the evaluation problem combining integer goal linear programming and analytic hierarchy process -LRB- AHP -RRB- in a single hybrid multiple objective multi-criteria model . A goal programming methodology , with zero-one integer variables and mixed integer constraints , is used to set goal target values against which information technology alternatives are evaluated and selected . AHP is used to structure the evaluation process providing pairwise comparison mechanisms to quantify subjective , nonmonetary , intangible benefits and risks factors , in deriving data for the model . A case illustration is provided showing how GAHP can be formulated and solved

O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O B I I O O O O O B I I O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O B I O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O

information technology investments
technology managers
information requirements
risks factors
evaluation categories
selection decision
tradeoffs
decision maker
analytic hierarchy process
goal programming methodology
mixed integer constraints
goal target values
information technology alternatives
pairwise comparison mechanisms
intangible benefits


System embedding . Control with reduced observer Two interrelated problems-design of the reduced observer of plant state separately and together with its control system-were considered from the standpoint of designing the multivariable linear systems from the desired matrix transfer functions . The matrix equations defining the entire constructive class of solutions of the posed problems were obtained using the system embedding technology . As was demonstrated , control based on the reduced observer is capable to provide the desired response to the control input , as well as the response to the nonzero initial conditions , only for the directly measurable part of the components of the state vector . An illustrative example was presented

B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O

system embedding
multivariable linear systems
matrix transfer functions
state vector

reduced observer control
reduced plant state observer design


The perils of privacy The recent string of failures among dotcom companies has heightened fears of privacy abuse . What should happen to the names and addresses on a customer list if these details were obtained under a privacy policy which specified no disclosure to any third party ? Should the personal data in the list be deemed to be an asset of a failing company which can be transferred to any future -LRB- third party -RRB- purchaser for its purposes ? Or should the privacy policy take precedence over the commercial concerns of the purchaser ?

O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O B I O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O

privacy abuse
customer list
privacy policy
disclosure


Evolution of the high-end computing market in the USA This paper focuses on the technological change in the high-end computing market . The discussion combines historical analysis with strategic analysis to provide a framework to analyse a key component of the computer industry . This analysis begins from the perspective of government research and development spending ; then examines the confusion around the evolution of the high-end computing market in the context of standard theories of technology strategy and new product innovation . Rather than the high-end market being ` dead ' , one should view the market as changing due to increased capability and competition from the low-end personal computer market . The high-end market is also responding to new product innovation from the introduction of new parallel computing architectures . In the conclusion , key leverage points in the market are identified and the trends in high-end computing are highlighted with implications

O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O B I O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O B I O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O

usa
historical analysis
strategic analysis
computer industry
government research
development spending
technology strategy
new product innovation
competition
parallel computing architectures

high-end computing market evolution
low-end personal computer market
supercomputing


Do n't always believe what you Reed -LSB- optimisation techniques for Web sites and trade mark infringement -RSB- On 20 May 2002 , Mr Justice Pumfrey gave judgment in the case of -LRB- 1 -RRB- Reed Executive Plc -LRB- 2 -RRB- Reed Solutions Plc versus -LRB- 1 -RRB- Reed Business Information Limited -LRB- 2 -RRB- Reed Elsevier -LRB- UK -RRB- Limited -LRB- 3 -RRB- totaljobs.com Limited . The case explored for the first time in any detail the extent to which the use of various optimisation techniques for Web sites could give rise to new forms of trade mark infringement and passing off . The author reports on the case and offers his comments

O O O O O O O O B I O B I O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O B I I O O O O B I I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O B I O O O O O O O B I I O B I O O O O O O O O O O O

reed executive plc
reed solutions plc
reed business information limited
optimisation techniques
web sites
trade mark infringement
passing off

reed elsevier (uk) limited
totaljobs.com limited


Information security policy - what do international information security standards say ? One of the most important information security controls , is the information security policy . This vital direction-giving document is , however , not always easy to develop and the authors thereof battle with questions such as what constitutes a policy . This results in the policy authors turning to existing sources for guidance . One of these sources is the various international information security standards . These standards are a good starting point for determining what the information security policy should consist of , but should not be relied upon exclusively for guidance . Firstly , they are not comprehensive in their coverage and furthermore , tending to rather address the processes needed for successfully implementing the information security policy . It is far more important the information security policy must fit in with the organisation 's culture and must therefore be developed with this in mind

B I I O O O B I I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I I O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O


Much ado about nothing : Win32.Perrun JPEG files do not contain any executable code and it is impossible to infect such files . The author takes a look at the details surrounding the Win32.Perrun virus and make clear exactly what it does . The main virus feature is its ability to affect JPEG image files -LRB- compressed graphic images -RRB- and to spread via affected JPEG files . The virus affects , or modifies , or alters JPEG files but does not `` infect '' them

O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O B I O O B O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O

jpeg files
virus
compressed graphic images


More constructions for Boolean algebras We construct Boolean algebras with prescribed behaviour concerning depth for the free product of two Boolean algebras over a third , in ZFC using pcf ; assuming squares we get results on ultraproducts . We also deal with the family of cardinalities and topological density of homomorphic images of Boolean algebras -LRB- you can translate it to topology-on the cardinalities of closed subspaces -RRB- ; and lastly we deal with inequalities between cardinal invariants , mainly d -LRB- B -RRB- / sup kappa / < | B | implies ind -LRB- B -RRB- > / sup kappa / V Depth -LRB- B -RRB- > or = log -LRB- | B | -RRB-

O O O B I O O B I O B I O O O O B I O O B I O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O

boolean algebras
prescribed behaviour
free product
zfc
ultraproducts
homomorphic images
cardinal invariants


Shaping the future . BendWizard : a tool for off-line programming of robotic tending systems Setting up a robot to make metal cabinets or cases for desktop computers can be a complex operation . For instance , one expert might be required to carry out a feasibility study , and then another to actually program the robot . Understandably , the need for so much expertise , and the time that 's required , generally limits the usefulness of automation to high-volume production . Workshops producing parts in batches smaller than 50 or so , or which rely heavily on semiskilled operators , are therefore often discouraged from investing in automation , and so miss out on its many advantages . What is needed is a software tool that operators without special knowledge of robotics , or with no more than rudimentary CAD skills , can use . One which allows easy offline programming and simulation of the work cell on a PC

O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O

robotic tending systems
metal cabinets
feasibility study
workshops
cad skills

bendwizard offline programming tool
desktop computer cases
high-volume production
work cell simulation


IT as a key enabler to law firm competitiveness Professional services firms have traditionally been able to thrive in virtually any market conditions . They have been consistently successful for several decades without ever needing to reexamine or change their basic operating model . However , gradual but inexorable change in client expectations and the business environment over recent years now means that more of the same is no longer enough . In future , law firms will increasingly need to exploit IT more effectively in order to remain competitive . To do this , they will need to ensure that all their information systems function as an integrated whole and are available to their staff , clients and business partners . The authors set out the lessons to be learned for law firms in the light of the recent PA Consulting survey

O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O

professional services firms
client expectations
business environment
information systems
law firms


Electronic signatures - much ado ? Whilst the market may be having a crisis of confidence regarding the prospects for e-commerce , the EU and the Government continue apace to develop the legal framework . Most recently , this has resulted in the Electronic Signatures Regulations 2002 . These Regulations were made on 13 February 2002 and came into force on 8 March 2002 . The Regulations implement the European Electronic Signatures Directive -LRB- 1999/93/EC -RRB- . Critics may say that the Regulations were implemented too late -LRB- they were due to have been implemented by 19 July 2001 -RRB- , with too short a consultation period -LRB- 25 January 2002 to 12 February 2002 -RRB- and with an unconvincing case as to what they add to English law -LRB- as to which , read on -RRB- . The author explains the latest development on e-signatures and the significance of Certification Service Providers -LRB- CSPs -RRB-

O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O B I I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O

european electronic signatures directive


Strong active solution in non-cooperative games For the non-cooperative games and the problems of accepting or rejecting a proposal , a new notion of equilibrium was proposed , its place among the known basic equilibria was established , and its application to the static and dynamic game problems was demonstrated

B I I O B I O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O

strong active solution
noncooperative games
dynamic game problems


Naomi Campbell : drugs , distress and the Data Protection Act In the first case of its kind , Naomi Campbell successfully sued Mirror Group Newspapers for damage and distress caused by breach of the Data Protection Act 1998 . Partner N. Wildish and assistant M. Turle of City law firm Field Fisher Waterhouse discuss the case and the legal implications of which online publishers should be aware

B I O B O B O O B I I O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O B O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O

drugs
distress
data protection act
naomi campbell
online publishers


Quantum computing with solids Science and technology could be revolutionized by quantum computers , but building them from solid-state devices will not be easy . The author outlines the challenges in scaling up the technology from lab experiments to practical devices

O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O


Why your Web strategy is , err , wrong An awkward look at a few standard views from the author , who thinks that most people have got it , err , wrong . Like every other investment , when the time comes to sign the contract , the question that should be asked is not whether it is a good investment , but whether it is the best investment the firm can make with the money . the author argues that he would be surprised if any law firm Web site he has seen yet would jump that particular hurdle

O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I I O O O O O O O O O


The role of speech input in wearable computing Speech recognition seems like an attractive input mechanism for wearable computers , and as we saw in this magazine 's first issue , several companies are promoting products that use limited speech interfaces for specific tasks . However , we must overcome several challenges to using speech recognition in more general contexts , and interface designers must be wary of applying the technology to situations where speech is inappropriate

O O O B I O B I B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O

wearable computing
speech input
speech recognition
speech interfaces

wearable computer
speech recognizers
mobile speech recognition
background noise


Mobile computing `` Killer app '' competition Design competitions offer students an excellent way to gain hands-on experience in engineering and computer science courses . The University of Florida , in partnership with Motorola , has held two mobile computing design competitions . In Spring and Fall 2001 , students in Abdelsalam Helal 's Mobile Computing class designed killer apps for a Motorola smart phone

B I O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O B I B I O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O B B I

mobile computing
smart phone
motorola
design competitions


ConChat : a context-aware chat program ConChat is a context-aware chat program that enriches electronic communication by providing contextual information and resolving potential semantic conflicts between users.ConChat uses contextual information to improve electronic communication . Using contextual cues , users can infer during a conversation what the other person is doing and what is happening in his or her immediate surroundings . For example , if a user learns that the other person is talking with somebody else or is involved in some urgent activity , he or she knows to expect a slower response . Conversely , if the user learns that the other person is sitting in a meeting directly related to the conversation , he or she then knows to respond more quickly . Also , by informing users about the other person 's context and tagging potentially ambiguous chat messages , ConChat explores how context can improve electronic communication by reducing semantic conflicts

B O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O B I O O O B I O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O B I

conchat
contextual information
semantic conflicts
contextual cues


The ubiquitous provisioning of internet services to portable devices Advances in mobile telecommunications and device miniaturization call for providing both standard and novel location - and context-dependent Internet services to mobile clients . Mobile agents are dynamic , asynchronous , and autonomous , making the MA programming paradigm suitable for developing novel middleware for mobility-enabled services

O O O O B I O O O O O B I O B I O O O O O O O O O O O B I O B I O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O

mobile telecommunications
device miniaturization
internet services
mobile clients
mobile agents
middleware


Standards for service discovery and delivery For the past five years , competing industries and standards developers have been hotly pursuing automatic configuration , now coined the broader term service discovery . Jini , Universal Plug and Play -LRB- UPnP -RRB- , Salutation , and Service Location Protocol are among the front-runners in this new race . However , choosing service discovery as the topic of the hour goes beyond the need for plug-and-play solutions or support for the SOHO -LRB- small office/home office -RRB- user . Service discovery 's potential in mobile and pervasive computing environments motivated my choice

O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O B O B I I I O O O O B O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O B I O O O O

service discovery
jini
universal plug and play
salutation
service location protocol
pervasive computing


The evolution of information systems : Their impact on organizations and structures Information systems and organization structures have been highly interconnected with each other . Over the years , information systems architectures as well as organization structures have evolved from centralized to more decentralized forms . This research looks at the evolution of both information systems and organization structures . In the process , it looks into the impact of computers on organizations , and examines the ways organization structures have changed , in association with changes in information system architectures . It also suggests logical linkages between information system architectures and their `` fit '' with certain organization structures and strategies . It concludes with some implications for emerging and future organizational forms , and provides a quick review of the effect of the Internet on small businesses traditionally using stand-alone computers

O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O


Relativistic constraints on the distinguishability of orthogonal quantum states The constraints imposed by special relativity on the distinguishability of quantum states are discussed . An explicit expression relating the probability of an error in distinguishing two orthogonal single-photon states to their structure , the time t at which a measurement starts , and the interval of time T elapsed from the start of the measurement until the time at which the outcome is obtained by an observer is given as an example

B I O O O O B I I O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O

relativistic constraints
orthogonal quantum states
special relativity
observer

nonrelativistic quantum information theory


Medicine in the 21 st century : global problems , global solutions The objectives are to discuss application areas of information , technology in medicine and health care on the occasion of the opening of the Private Universitat fur Medizinische Informatik and Technik Tirol/University for Health Informatics and Technology Tyrol -LRB- LIMIT -RRB- at Innsbruck , Tyrol , Austria . Important application areas of information technology in medicine and health are appropriate individual access to medical knowledge , new engineering developments such as new radiant imaging methods and the implantable pacemaker/defibrillator devices , mathematical modeling for understanding the workings of the human body , the computer-based patient record , as well as new knowledge in molecular biology , human genetics , and biotechnology . Challenges and responsibilities for medical informatics research include medical data privacy and intellectual property rights inherent in the content of the information systems

B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O B O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O B I I O O O O O O B I O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O B I O O B O O O O O B I I O B I I O B I I O O O O O O B I

health care
medicine
information technology
engineering developments
radiant imaging methods
mathematical modeling
human body
molecular biology
human genetics
biotechnology
medical informatics research
medical data privacy
intellectual property rights
information systems

individual medical knowledge access
implantable pacemaker devices
implantable defibrillator devices
computer-based patient record


Analyzing the benefits of 300 mm conveyor-based AMHS While the need for automation in 300 mm fabs is not debated , the form and performance of such automation is still in question . Software simulation that compares conveyor-based continuous flow transport technology to conventional car-based wafer-lot delivery has detailed delivery time and throughput advantages to the former

O O O O B I O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O B O O O O

software simulation
throughput
delivery time
300 mm


Finally ! some sensible European legislation on software The European Commission has formally tabled a draft Directive on the Protection by Patents of Computer-Implemented Inventions . The aim of this very important Directive is to harmonise national patent laws relating to inventions using software . It follows an extensive consultation launched by the Commission in October 2000 . The impetus behind the Directive was the recognition at EU level of a total lack of unity between the European Patent Office and European national courts in deciding what was or was not deemed patentable when it came to the subject of computer programs

O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O B I I O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I

european commission
national patent laws
eu
european patent office
national courts
computer programs

directive on the protection by patents of computer-implemented inventions


Development of a health guidance support system for lifestyle improvement The objective is to provide automated advice for lifestyle adjustment based on an assessment of the results of a questionnaire and medical examination or health checkup data . A system was developed that gathers data based on questions regarding weight gain , exercise , smoking , sleep , eating habits , salt intake , animal fat intake , snacks , alcohol , and oral hygiene , body mass index , resting blood pressure , fasting blood sugar , total cholesterol , triglycerides , uric acid and liver function tests . Based on the relationships between the lifestyle data and the health checkup data , a health assessment sheet was generated for persons being allocated to a multiple-risk factor syndrome group . Health assessment and useful advice for lifestyle improvement were automatically extracted with the system , toward the high risk group for life style related diseases . The system is operational . In comparison with conventional , limited advice methods , we developed a practical system that defined the necessity for lifestyle improvement more clearly , and made giving advice easier

O O O B I I I O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O B I O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O B O B O B O B I O B I O B I I O B O B O O B I O B I I O B I I O B I I O B I O B O B I O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O

health guidance support system
lifestyle improvement
questionnaire
medical examination
health checkup data
weight gain
smoking
exercise
sleep
eating habits
salt intake
animal fat intake
snacks
alcohol
oral hygiene
body mass index
resting blood pressure
fasting blood sugar
total cholesterol
triglycerides
uric acid
liver function tests


E-mail and the legal profession The widespread use of E-mail can be found in all areas of commerce , and the legal profession is one that has embraced this new medium of communication . E-mail is not without its drawbacks , however . Due to the nature of the technologies behind the medium , it is a less secure form of communication than many of those traditionally used by the legal profession , including DX , facsimile , and standard and registered post . There are a number of ways in which E-mails originating from the practice may be protected , including software encryption , hardware encryption and various methods of controlling and administering access to the E-mails

O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O B I O O O O O O O O O O O

legal profession
software encryption
hardware encryption

e-mail
secure communication
access control


Guidelines , the Internet , and personal health : insights from the Canadian HEALNet experience The objectives are to summarize the insights gained in collaborative research in a Canadian Network of Centres of Excellence , devoted to the promotion of evidence-based practice , and to relate this experience to Internet support of health promotion and consumer health informatics . A subjective review of insights is undertaken . Work directed the development of systems incorporating guidelines , care maps , etc. , for use by professionals met with limited acceptance . Evidence-based tools for health care consumers are a desirable complement but require radically different content and delivery modes . In addition to evidence-based material offered by professionals , a wide array of Internet-based products and services provided by consumers for consumers emerged and proved a beneficial complement . The consumer-driven products and services provided via the Internet are a potentially important and beneficial complement of traditional health services . They affect the health consumer-provider roles and require changes in healthcare practices

O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O B I I I I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O B I O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O

canadian network of centres of excellence

evidence-based practice
health consumer-provider roles


A context-aware decision engine for content adaptation Building a good content adaptation service for mobile devices poses many challenges . To meet these challenges , this quality-of-service-aware decision engine automatically negotiates for the appropriate adaptation decision for synthesizing an optimal content version

O O B I O B I O O O B I O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O B I O O O B I I

content adaptation
mobile devices
decision engine
optimal content version
adaptation decision


Online masquerade : whose e-mail is it ? E-mails carrying viruses like the recent Klez worm use deceptively simple techniques and known vulnerabilities to spread from one computer to another with ease

O O O O O O O O O O B O O O B I O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O


Labscape : a smart environment for the cell biology laboratory Labscape is a smart environment that we designed to improve the experience of people who work in a cell biology laboratory . Our goal in creating it was to simplify , laboratory work by making information available where it is needed and by collecting and organizing data where and when it is created into a formal representation that others can understand and process . By helping biologists produce a more complete record of their work with less effort , Labscape is designed to foster improved collaboration in conjunction with increased individual efficiency and satisfaction . A user-driven system , although technologically conservative , embraces a central goal of ubiquitous computing : to enhance the ability to perform domain tasks through fluid interaction with computational resources . Smart environments could soon replace the pen and paper commonly used in the laboratory setting

B O O B I O O B I O B O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O

cell biology
labscape
laboratory work
ubiquitous computing
smart environment

experimental technologies
biochemical procedure


Knowledge-based structures and organisational commitment Organisational commitment , the emotional attachment of an employee to the employing organisation , has attracted a substantial body of literature , relating the concept to various antecedents , including organisational structure , and to a range of consequences , including financially important performance factors such as productivity and staff turnover . The new areas of knowledge management and learning organisations offer substantial promise as imperatives for the organisation of business enterprises . As organisations in the contemporary environment adopt knowledge-based structures to improve their competitive position , there is value in examining these structures against other performance related factors . Theoretical knowledge-based structures put forward by R. Miles et al. -LRB- 1997 -RRB- and J. Quinn et al. -LRB- 1996 -RRB- and an existing implementation are examined to determine common features inherent in these approaches . These features are posited as a typical form and their impact on organisational commitment and hence on individual and organisational performance is examined

O O O B I B I O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O B O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O

emotional attachment
performance factors
productivity
staff turnover
organisational commitment

knowledge-based structures
earning organisations


7 key tests in choosing your Web site firm Most legal firms now have a Web site and are starting to evaluate the return on their investment . The paper looks at factors involved when choosing a firm to help set up or improve a Web site . -LRB- 1 -RRB- Look for a company that combines technical skills and business experience . -LRB- 2 -RRB- Look for a company that offers excellent customer service . -LRB- 3 -RRB- Check that the Web site firm is committed to developing and proactively updating the Web site . -LRB- 4 -RRB- Make sure the firm has a proven track record and a good portfolio . -LRB- 5 -RRB- Look for a company with both a breadth as well as depth of skills . -LRB- 6 -RRB- Make sure the firm can deliver work on target , in budget and to specification . -LRB- 7 -RRB- Ensure that you will enjoy working and feel comfortable with the Web site firm staff

O O O O O O B I O O B I O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O B I O B I O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O

web site
customer service
legal firms
technical skills
business experience


Evolution of litigation support systems For original paper see ibid. , vol . 12 , no. 6 : `` The E-mail of the Species '' . The author responds to that paper and argues that printing , scanning and imaging E-mails or other electronic -LRB- rather than paper -RRB- documents prior to listing and disclosure seems to be unnecessary , not ` proportionate ' -LRB- from a costs point of view -RRB- and not particularly helpful , to either side . He asks how litigation support systems might evolve to help and support the legal team in their task

O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O B I O O O


Broadcasts keep staff in picture -LSB- intranets -RSB- Mark Hawkins , chief operating officer at UK-based streaming media specialist Twofourtv , explains how firms can benefit by linking their corporate intranets to broadcasting technology

O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O B O O O O O O O O O B I O B I

corporate intranets
twofourtv
streaming media
broadcasting technology


Reconfigurable context-sensitive middleware for pervasive computing Context-sensitive applications need data from sensors , devices , and user actions , and might need ad hoc communication support to dynamically discover new devices and engage in spontaneous information exchange . Reconfigurable Context-Sensitive Middleware facilitates the development and runtime operations of context-sensitive pervasive computing software

O O B O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O B I O


Integrating virtual and physical context to support knowledge workers The Kimura system augments and integrates independent tools into a pervasive computing system that monitors a user 's interactions with the computer , an electronic whiteboard , and a variety of networked peripheral devices and data sources

O O O O O O O B I O B I O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O B I I O B I

pervasive computing
knowledge workers
networked peripheral devices
electronic whiteboard
kimura system
data sources


Firewall card shields data The SlotShield 3000 firewall on a PCI card saves power and space , but might not offer enough security for large networks

O O O O O B I I O O B I O O O O O O O O O O B O B I

slotshield 3000 firewall
pci card
security
large networks


The eyes have it -LSB- hotel security -RSB- CCTV systems can help lodging establishments accomplish a range of objectives , from deterring criminals to observing staff interactions with clientele . But pitfalls can arise if the CCTV system has not been properly integrated into the overall hotel security plan . CCTV system designs at new hotel properties are often too sophisticated , too complicated , and too costly , and do not take into consideration the security realities of site management . These problems arise when the professionals designing or installing the system , including architects , construction engineers , integrators , and consultants , are not familiar with a hotel 's operating strategies or security standards

O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O B I O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O

hotel security
cctv system
site management
operating strategies


Spam solution ? The author describes a solution to spam E-mails : disposable E-mail addresses -LRB- DEA -RRB- . Mailshell 's free trial Web-based E-mail service allows you , if you start getting spammed on that DEA , just to delete the DEA in Mailshell , and all E-mail thereafter sent to that address will automatically be junked -LRB- though you can later restore that address if you want -RRB- . Mailshell allows any number of DEA

O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O

spam e-mails
disposable e-mail addresses
web-based e-mail


Electronic data exchange for real estate With HM Land Registry 's consultation now underway , no one denies that the property industry is facing a period of unprecedented change . PISCES -LRB- Property Information Systems Common Exchange -RRB- is a property-focused electronic data exchange standard . The standard is a set of definitions and rules to facilitate electronic transfer of data between key business areas and between different types of software packages that are used regularly by the property industry . It is not itself a piece of software but an enabling technology that allows software providers to prepare solutions within their own packages to transfer data between databases . This provides the attractive prospect of seamless transfer of data within and between systems and organisations

B I I O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O B O B I I I I O O O O B I I B O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O

property information systems common exchange


Modeling privacy control in context-aware systems Significant complexity issues challenge designers of context-aware systems with privacy control . Information spaces provide a way to organize information , resources , and services around important privacy-relevant contextual factors . In this article , we describe a theoretical model for privacy control in context-aware systems based on a core abstraction of information spaces . We have previously focused on deriving socially based privacy objectives in pervasive computing environments . Building on Ravi Sandhu 's four-layer OM-AM -LRB- objectives , models , architectures , and mechanisms -RRB- idea , we aim to use information spaces to construct a model for privacy control that supports our socially based privacy objectives . We also discuss how we can introduce decentralization , a desirable property for many pervasive computing systems , into our information space model , using unified privacy tagging

O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O B O

context-aware systems
privacy control
smart office


Data management in location-dependent information services Location-dependent information services have great promise for mobile and pervasive computing environments . They can provide local and nonlocal news , weather , and traffic reports as well as directory services . Before they can be implemented on a large scale , however , several research issues must be addressed

B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O B O B O O B I O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O

pervasive computing
news
weather
traffic reports
data management
directory services

location-dependent information services
wireless networks
mobile computing


A humanist 's legacy in medical informatics : visions and accomplishments of Professor Jean-Raoul Scherrer The objective is to report on the work of Prof. Jean-Raoul Scherrer , and show how his humanist vision , medical skills and scientific background have enabled and shaped the development of medical informatics over the last 30 years . Starting with the mainframe-based patient-centred hospital information system DIOGENE in the 70s , Prof. Scherrer developed , implemented and evolved innovative concepts of man-machine interfaces , distributed and federated environments , leading the way with information systems that obstinately focused on the support of care providers and patients . Through a rigorous design of terminologies and ontologies , the DIOGENE data would then serve as a basis for the development of clinical research , data mining , and lead to innovative natural language processing techniques . In parallel , Prof. Scherrer supported the development of medical image management , ranging from a distributed picture archiving and communication systems -LRB- PACS -RRB- to molecular imaging of protein electrophoreses . Recognizing the need for improving the quality and trustworthiness of medical information of the Web , Prof. Scherrer created the Health-On-the Net -LRB- HON -RRB- foundation . These achievements , made possible thanks to his visionary mind , deep humanism , creativity , generosity and determination , have made of Prof. Scherrer a true pioneer and leader of the human-centered , patient-oriented application of information technology for improving healthcare

O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O

medical informatics
medical image management
pacs
data mining
natural language processing

mainframe based patient centered hospital information system


Standard protocol for exchange of health-checkup data based on SGML : the Health-checkup Data Markup Language -LRB- HDML -RRB- The objectives are to develop a health/medical data interchange model for efficient electronic exchange of data among health-checkup facilities . A Health-checkup Data Markup Language -LRB- HDML -RRB- was developed on the basis of the Standard Generalized Markup Language -LRB- SGML -RRB- , and a feasibility study carried out , involving data exchange between two health checkup facilities . The structure of HDML is described . The transfer of numerical lab data , summary findings and health status assessment was successful . HDML is an improvement to laboratory data exchange . Further work has to address the exchange of qualitative and textual data

O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O B I O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O

sgml
data interchange model
numerical lab data
summary findings
health status assessment

health checkup data exchange
health-checkup data markup language


Variable structure intelligent control for PM synchronous servo motor drive The variable structure control -LRB- VSC -RRB- of discrete time systems based on intelligent control is presented in this paper . A novel approach is proposed for the state estimation . A linear observer is firstly designed . Then a neural network is used for compensating uncertainty . The parameter of the VSC scheme is adjusted online by a neural network . Practical operating results from a PM synchronous motor -LRB- PMSM -RRB- illustrate the effectiveness and practicability of the proposed approach

B I I I O B I I I I O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O B I O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O

pm synchronous servo motor drive
variable structure intelligent control
discrete time systems
state estimation
linear observer
neural network

control design
uncertainty compensation
control performance


E-government The author provides an introduction to the main issues surrounding E-government modernisation and electronic delivery of all public services by 2005 . The author makes it clear that E-government is about transformation , not computers and hints at the special legal issues which may arise

O O O O O O O O O O O O B O B I O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O

modernisation
electronic delivery
public services
legal issues


Evicting orang utans from the office -LSB- electronic storage of legal files -RSB- Having espoused the principle of the paperless office some time ago , we decided to apply it to our stored files . First we consulted the Law Society rules governing storage of files on electronic media . The next step was for us to draw up a protocol for scanning the files . The benefits of the exercise have been significant . The area previously used for storage has been freed for other use . Files are now available online , instantaneously . When we have needed to send out files to the client or following a change of solicitor , we have been able to do so almost immediately , by E-mail , retaining a copy for our future reference . The files are protected from loss or deterioration , back-up copies having been taken which are stored off site . The complete stored file archive can be put in your pocket -LRB- in CD-ROM format -RRB- or on a laptop , facilitating remote working

O O O O O O O B I O B I O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O

paperless office
legal files
electronic storage
law society rules
file archive


Cyberobscenity and the ambit of English criminal law The author looks at a recent case and questions the Court of Appeal 's approach . In the author 's submission , the Court of Appeal 's decision in Perrin was wrong . P published no material in England and Wales , and should not have been convicted of any offence under English law , even if it were proved that he sought to attract English subscribers to his site . That may be an unpalatable conclusion but , if the content of foreign-hosted Internet sites is to be controlled , the only sensible way forward is through international agreement and cooperation . The Council of Europe 's Cybercrime Convention provides some indication of the limited areas over which widespread international agreement might be achieved

B O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O B I I O B I O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O

cyberobscenity
criminal law
court of appeal
internet sites
cybercrime convention
council of europe
international agreement
england


Strategies for high throughput , templated zeolite synthesis The design and redesign of high throughput experiments for zeolite synthesis are addressed . A model that relates materials function to the chemical composition of the zeolite and the structure directing agent is introduced . Using this model , several Monte Carlo-like design protocols are evaluated . Multi-round protocols are bound to be effective , and strategies that use a priori information about the structure-directing libraries are found to be the best

O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O B I O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O

templated zeolite synthesis
materials function
chemical composition
structure directing agent
a priori information

phase-dependent random gaussian variables


Vendor qualifications for IT staff and networking In some cases , vendor-run accreditation schemes can offer an objective measure of a job applicant 's skills , but they do not always indicate the true extent of practical abilities

O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I

job applicant
it staff
practical abilities

vendor-run accreditation schemes
network administrators


In search of a general enterprise model Many organisations , particularly SMEs , are reluctant to invest time and money in models to support decision making . Such reluctance could be overcome if a model could be used for several purposes rather than using a traditional `` single perspective '' model . This requires the development of a `` general enterprise model '' -LRB- GEM -RRB- , which can be applied to a wide range of problem domains with unlimited scope . Current enterprise modelling frameworks only deal effectively with nondynamic modelling issues whilst dynamic modelling issues have traditionally only been addressed at the operational level . Although the majority of research in this area relates to manufacturing companies , the framework for a GEM must be equally applicable to service and public sector organisations . The paper identifies five key design issues that need to be considered when constructing a GEM . A framework for such a GEM is presented based on a `` plug and play '' methodology and demonstrated by a simple case study

O O O O B I I O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O B O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I

general enterprise model
smes
decision making
gem
problem domains
enterprise modelling frameworks
operational level
dynamic modelling issues
public sector organisations
case study

business process re-engineering
single perspective model
service sector organisations
plug and play methodology


Organization design : The continuing influence of information technology Drawing from an information processing perspective , this paper examines how information technology -LRB- IT -RRB- has been a catalyst in the development of new forms of organizational structures . The article draws a historical linkage between the relative stability of an organization 's task environment starting after the Second World War to the present environmental instability that now characterizes many industries . Specifically , the authors suggest that advances in IT have enabled managers to adapt existing forms and create new models for organizational design that better fit requirements of an unstable environment . Time has seemingly borne out this hypothesis as the bureaucratic structure evolved to the matrix to the network and now to the emerging shadow structure . IT has gone from a support mechanism to a substitute for organizational structures in the form of the shadow structure . The article suggests that the evolving and expanding role of IT will continue for organizations that face unstable environments

B I O O O O O B I O O O B I I O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O

organization design
information processing perspective
organizational structures
environmental instability
information technology


Activity and location recognition using wearable sensors Using measured acceleration and angular velocity data gathered through inexpensive , wearable sensors , this dead-reckoning method can determine a user 's location , detect transitions between preselected locations , and recognize and classify sitting , standing , and walking behaviors . Experiments demonstrate the proposed method 's effectiveness

O O O O O B I O B I O B I O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O B O B I O O O O O B O B O O B O O O O O O O O O

measured acceleration
angular velocity
wearable sensors
preselected locations
transitions
sitting
standing
walking


How to avoid merger pitfalls Paul Diamond of consultancy KPMG explains why careful IT asset management is crucial to the success of mergers

O O O O O O O O B B O O O B I I O O O O O O B

consultancy
kpmg
it asset management
mergers


Java portability put to the test Sun Microsystems ' recently launched Java Verification Program aims to enable companies to assess the cross-platform portability of applications written in Java , and to help software vendors ensure that their solutions can run in heterogenous J2EE application server environments

O O O O O O B I O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O

sun microsystems
java verification program


A nonlinear modulation strategy for hybrid AC/DC power systems A nonlinear control strategy to improve transient stability of a multi-machine AC power system with several DC links terminated in the presence of large disturbances is presented . The approach proposed in this paper is based on differential geometric theory , and the HVDC systems are taken as a variable admittance connected at the inverter or rectifier AC bus . After deriving the analytical description of the relationship between the variable admittance and active power flows of each generator , the traditional generator dynamic equations can thus be expressed with the variable admittance of HVDC systems as an additional state variable and changed to an affine form , which is suitable for global linearization method being used to determine its control variable . An important feature of the proposed method is that , the modulated DC power is an adaptive and non-linear function of AC system states , and it can be realized by local feedback and less transmitted data from , adjacent generators . The design procedure is tested on a dual-infeed hybrid AC/DC system

O B I I O O O O O O B I I O O B I O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O B I O O O O B I O O O B O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O B I O B I I O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O B I O B I O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O

nonlinear control strategy
transient stability
dc links
nonlinear modulation strategy
differential geometric theory
hvdc systems
variable admittance
inverter
rectifier ac bus
active power flows
generator dynamic equations
affine form
global linearization method
local feedback
adjacent generators

multi-machine ac power system
hybrid ac/dc power systems
dual-infeed hybrid ac/dc system


ISCSI poised to lower SAN costs IT managers building storage area networks or expanding their capacity may be able to save money by using iSCSI and IP systems rather than Fibre Channel technologies

B O O O B I O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O B O B I O O O O O

san costs
storage area networks
iscsi
ip systems


Identification of evolving fuzzy rule-based models An approach to identification of evolving fuzzy rule-based -LRB- eR -RRB- models is proposed . eR models implement a method for the noniterative update of both the rule-base structure and parameters by incremental unsupervised learning . The rule-base evolves by adding more informative rules than those that previously formed the model . In addition , existing rules can be replaced with new rules based on ranking using the informative potential of the data . In this way , the rule-base structure is inherited and updated when new informative data become available , rather than being completely retrained . The adaptive nature of these evolving rule-based models , in combination with the highly transparent and compact form of fuzzy rules , makes them a promising candidate for modeling and control of complex processes , competitive to neural networks . The approach has been tested on a benchmark problem and on an air-conditioning component modeling application using data from an installation serving a real building . The results illustrate the viability and efficiency of the approach

B O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O

identification
noniterative update
incremental unsupervised learning
ranking
informative potential
fuzzy rules
complex processes

evolving fuzzy rule-based models
rule-base structure
air-conditioning component modeling
adaptive nonlinear control
fault detection
fault diagnostics
performance analysis
forecasting
knowledge extraction
robotics
behavior modeling


Adaptive and efficient mutual exclusion The paper presents adaptive algorithms for mutual exclusion using only read and write operations ; the performance of the algorithms depends only on the point contention , i.e. , the number of processes that are concurrently active during algorithm execution -LRB- and not on n , the total number of processes -RRB- . Our algorithm has O -LRB- k -RRB- remote step complexity and O -LRB- log k -RRB- system response time , where k is the point contention . The remote step complexity is the maximal number of steps performed by a process where a wait is counted as one step . The system response time is the time interval between subsequent entries to the critical section , where one time unit is the minimal interval in which every active process performs at least one step . The space complexity of this algorithm is O -LRB- N log n -RRB- , where N is the range of process names . We show how to make the space complexity of our algorithm depend solely on n , while preserving the other performance measures of the algorithm

O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O B I I O O O O O B I O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O B I O O O B I O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O

adaptive algorithms
write operations
point contention
algorithm execution
remote step complexity
system response time
critical section
minimal interval
active process
space complexity
performance measures

adaptive mutual exclusion
read operations


Accessible streaming content Make sure your Web site is offering quality service to all your users . The article provides some tips and tactics for making your streaming media accessible . Accessibility of streaming content for people with disabilities is often not part of the spec for multimedia projects , but it certainly affects your quality of service . Most of the resources available on Web accessibility deal with HTML . Fortunately , rich media and streaming content developers have a growing number of experts to turn to for information and assistance . The essentials of providing accessible streaming content are simple : blind and visually impaired people need audio to discern important visual detail and interface elements , while deaf and hard-of-hearing people need text to access sound effects and dialog . Actually implementing these principles is quite a challenge , though . Now due to a relatively new law in the US , known as Section 508 , dealing with accessibility issues is becoming an essential part of publishing on the Web

B I I O O O B I O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O B O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O B I I O O O O O B I O B I O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O

web site
quality service
streaming media
accessible streaming content
multimedia projects
web accessibility
html
streaming content developers
visually impaired people
visual detail
interface elements
sound effects
section 508
accessibility issues

content providers
united states
disabled users
blind people
deaf people
hard-of-hearing people
web publishing


The culture of usability Now that most of us agree that usability testing is an integral investment in site development , it 's time to recognize that the standard approach falls short . It is possible to do less work and get better results while spending less money . By bringing usability testing in-house and breaking tests into more manageable sessions , you can vastly improve your online offering without affecting your profit margin

O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O


Debugging Web applications The author considers how one can save time tracking down bugs in Web-based applications by arming yourself with the right tools and programming practices . A wide variety of debugging tools have been written with Web developers in mind

O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O


The Open Archives Initiative : realizing simple and effective digital library interoperability The Open Archives Initiative -LRB- OAI -RRB- is dedicated to solving problems of digital library interoperability . Its focus has been on defining simple protocols , most recently for the exchange of metadata from archives . The OAI evolved out of a need to increase access to scholarly publications by supporting the creation of interoperable digital libraries . As a first step towards such interoperability , a metadata harvesting protocol was developed to support the streaming of metadata from one repository to another , ultimately to a provider of user services such as browsing , searching , or annotation . This article provides an overview of the mission , philosophy , and technical framework of the OAI

O B I I O O O O O B I I O B I I O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O B O B O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O

open archives initiative
digital library interoperability
protocols
scholarly publications
metadata harvesting protocol
annotation
searching
browsing
user services


Library services today and tomorrow : lessons from iLumina , a digital library for creating and sharing teaching resources This article is based on the emerging experience associated with a digital library of instructional resources , iLumina , in which the contributors of resources and the users of those resources are the same-an open community of instructors in science , mathematics , engineering , and technology . Moreover , it is not the resources , most of which will be distributed across the Internet , but metadata about the resources that is the focus of the central iLumina repository and its support services for resource contributors and users . The distributed iLumina library is a community-sharing library for repurposing and adding value to potentially useful , mostly non-commercial instructional resources that are typically more granular in nature than commercially developed course materials . The experience of developing iLumina is raising a range of issues that have nothing to do with the place and time characteristics of the instructional context in which iLumina instructional resources are created or used . The issues instead have their locus in the democratization of both the professional roles of librarians and the quality assurance mechanisms associated with traditional peer review

O O O O O O O O B O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O B O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O B O O B I O O O O B I

ilumina
digital library
internet
metadata
professional roles
librarians
quality assurance
peer review

teaching resource sharing
information resources
community-sharing library
academic library
library automation
standards
interoperability
reusable software
distributed systems
user issues


Symbiosis or alienation : advancing the university press/research library relationship through electronic scholarly communication University presses and research libraries have a long tradition of collaboration . The rapidly expanding electronic scholarly communication environment offers important new opportunities for cooperation and for innovative new models of publishing . The economics of libraries and scholarly publishers have strained the working relationship and promoted debates on important information policy issues . This article explores the context for advancing the partnership , cites examples of joint efforts in electronic publishing , and presents an action plan for working together

O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O

electronic scholarly communication
economics
information policy
electronic publishing


The congenial talking philosophers problem in computer networks Group mutual exclusion occurs naturally in situations where a resource can be shared by processes of the same group , but not by processes of different groups . For example , suppose data is stored in a CD-jukebox . Then , when a disc is loaded for access , users that need data on the disc can concurrently access the disc , while users that need data on a different disc have to wait until the current disc is unloaded . The design issues for group mutual exclusion have been modeled as the Congenial Talking Philosophers problem , and solutions for shared memory models have been proposed -LRB- Y.-J . Young , 2000 ; P. Keane and M. Moir , 1999 -RRB- . As in ordinary mutual exclusion and many other problems in distributed systems , however , techniques developed for shared memory do not necessarily apply to message passing -LRB- and vice versa -RRB- . We investigate solutions for Congenial Talking Philosophers in computer networks where processes communicate by asynchronous message passing . We first present a solution that is a straightforward adaptation from G. Ricart and A.K. Agrawala 's -LRB- 1981 -RRB- algorithm for ordinary mutual exclusion . Then we show that the simple modification suffers a severe performance degradation that could cause the system to behave as though only one process of a group can be in the critical section at a time . We then present a more efficient and highly concurrent distributed algorithm for the problem , the first such solution in computer networks

O B I I I O B I B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O B I I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O B I

congenial talking philosophers problem
computer networks
group mutual exclusion
distributed systems
asynchronous message passing
critical section
concurrent distributed algorithm

resource sharing
shared-memory models
process communication


Licensing experiences in the Netherlands The licensing strategy of university libraries in the Netherlands is closely connected with university policies to develop document servers and to make research publications available on the Web . National agreements have been made with major publishers , such as Elsevier Science and Kluwer Academic , to provide access to a wide range of scientific information and to experiment with new ways of providing information and new business models

O O O O B O B I O B I O O B O O O O B I O O B I O O O B I O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O B I O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O B I

licensing strategy
university libraries
netherlands
university policies
document servers
research publications
web
elsevier science
kluwer academic
scientific information
business models


Randomized two-process wait-free test-and-set We present the first explicit , and currently simplest , randomized algorithm for two-process wait-free test-and-set . It is implemented with two 4-valued single writer single reader atomic variables . A test-and-set takes at most 11 expected elementary steps , while a reset takes exactly 1 elementary step . Based on a finite-state analysis , the proofs of correctness and expected length are compressed into one table

O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O

randomized algorithm
expected elementary steps

randomized two-process wait-free test-and-set


The role of CAUL -LRB- Council of Australian Libraries -RRB- in consortial purchasing The Council of Australian University Librarians , constituted in 1965 for the purposes of cooperative action and the sharing of information , assumed the role of consortial purchasing agent in 1996 on behalf of its members and associate organisations in Australia and New Zealand . This role continues to grow in tandem with the burgeoning of electronic publication and the acceptance of publishers of the advantages of dealing with consortia . The needs of the Australian university community overlap significantly with consortia in North America and Europe , but important differences are highlighted

O O O O O O O O O O O B I O B I I I I O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O B O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O B O O O O O O

council of australian university librarians


Central hub for design assets : Adobe GoLive 6.0 Adobe GoLive is a strong contender for Web authoring and publishing . Version 6.0 features a flexible GUI environment combined with a comprehensive workgroup and collaboration server , plus tight integration with leading design tools

O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O

adobe golive 6.0
flash
real
java
application servers
workgroup server
livemotion 2.0
animation and scripting tool
macromedia swf format
workgroup environment
web publishing environment
design-centric dynamic content


What you get is what you see -LSB- Web performance monitoring -RSB- To get the best possible performance from your Web infrastructure , you 'll need a complete view . Do n't neglect the big picture because you 're too busy concentrating on details . The increasing complexity of Web sites and the content they provide has consequently increased the complexity of the infrastructure that supports them . But with some knowledge of networking , a handful of useful tools , and the insight that those tools provide , designing and operating for optimal performance and reliability is within your grasp

O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O

web performance
web sites
web infrastructure
networking
reliability


Absorption of long waves by nonresonant parametric microstructures Using simple acoustical and mechanical models , we consider the conceptual possibility of designing an active absorbing -LRB- nonreflecting -RRB- coating in the form of a thin layer with small-scale stratification and fast time modulation of parameters . Algorithms for space-time modulation of the controlled-layer structure are studied in detail for a one-dimensional boundary-value problem . These algorithms do not require wave-field measurements , which eliminates the self-excitation problem that is characteristic of active systems . The majority of the considered algorithms of parametric control transform the low-frequency incident wave to high-frequency waves of the technological band for which the waveguiding medium inside the layer is assumed to be opaque -LRB- absorbing -RRB- . The efficient use conditions are found for all the algorithms . It is shown that the absorbing layer can be as thin as desired with respect to the minimum spatial scale of the incident wave and ensures efficient absorption in a wide frequency interval -LRB- starting from zero frequency -RRB- that is bounded from above only by a finite space-time resolution of the parameter-control operations . The structure of a three-dimensional parametric '' ` black '' coating whose efficiency is independent of the angle of incidence of an incoming wave is developed on the basis of the studied one-dimensional problems . The general solution of the problem of diffraction of incident waves from such a coating is obtained . This solution is analyzed in detail for the case of a disk-shaped element

O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O

mechanical models
thin layer
fast time modulation
parametric control
waveguiding medium
absorbing layer
angle of incidence
diffraction

acoustical models
active absorbing coating
nonreflecting coating
small-scale stratification
space-time modulation
controlled-layer structure
one-dimensional boundary-value problem
low-frequency incident wave
high-frequency waves
one-dimensional problems
disk-shaped element


Project Euclid and the role of research libraries in scholarly publishing Project Euclid , a joint electronic journal publishing initiative of Cornell University Library and Duke University Press is discussed in the broader contexts of the changing patterns of scholarly communication and the publishing scene of mathematics . Specific aspects of the project such as partnerships and the creation of an economic model are presented as well as what it takes to be a publisher . Libraries have gained important and relevant experience through the creation and management of digital libraries , but they need to develop further skills if they want to adopt a new role in the life cycle of scholarly communication

B I O O O O B I O B I B I O O B I I I I O B I I O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O B O O O O O O O O B O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I


Rapid microwell polymerase chain reaction with subsequent ultrathin-layer gel electrophoresis of DNA Large-scale genotyping , mapping and expression profiling require affordable , fully automated high-throughput devices enabling rapid , high-performance analysis using minute quantities of reagents . In this paper , we describe a new combination of microwell polymerase chain reaction -LRB- PCR -RRB- based DNA amplification technique with automated ultrathin-layer gel electrophoresis analysis of the resulting products . This technique decreases the reagent consumption -LRB- total reaction volume 0.75-1 mu L -RRB- , the time requirement of the PCR -LRB- 15-20 min -RRB- and subsequent ultrathin-layer gel electrophoresis based fragment analysis -LRB- 5 min -RRB- by automating the current manual procedure and reducing the human intervention using sample loading robots and computerized real time data analysis . Small aliquots -LRB- 0.2 mu L -RRB- of the submicroliter size PCR reaction were transferred onto loading membranes and analyzed by ultrathin-layer gel electrophoresis which is a novel , high-performance and automated microseparation technique . This system employs integrated scanning laser-induced fluorescence-avalanche photodiode detection and combines the advantages of conventional slab and capillary gel electrophoresis . Visualization of the DNA fragments was accomplished by `` in migratio '' complexation with ethidium bromide during the electrophoresis process also enabling real time imaging and data analysis

B I I I I O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O B I I I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I I O O O O O O B I I O O O

rapid microwell polymerase chain reaction

ultrathin-layer gel electrophoresis
large-scale genotyping
rapid high-performance analysis
automated electrophoresis analysis
integrated scanning lif apd detection


The Canadian National Site Licensing Project In January 2000 , a consortium of 64 universities in Canada signed a historic inter-institutional agreement that launched the Canadian National Site Licensing Project -LRB- CNSLP -RRB- , a three-year pilot project aimed at bolstering the research and innovation capacity of the country 's universities . CNSLP tests the feasibility of licensing , on a national scale , electronic versions of scholarly publications ; in its initial phases the project is focused on full-text electronic journals and research databases in science , engineering , health and environmental disciplines . This article provides an overview of the CNSLP initiative , summarizes organizational and licensing accomplishments to date , and offers preliminary observations on challenges and opportunities for subsequent phases of the project

O B I I I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I I I O B O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O

canadian national site licensing project

inter-institutional agreement
academic libraries
information resources
electronic scholarly publications
full-text electronic journals


BioOne : a new model for scholarly publishing This article describes a unique electronic journal publishing project involving the University of Kansas , the Big 12 Plus Libraries Consortium , the American Institute of Biological Sciences , Allen Press , and SPARC , the Scholarly Publishing and Academic Resources Coalition . This partnership has created BioOne , a database of 40 full-text society journals in the biological and environmental sciences , which was launched in April , 2001 . The genesis and development of the project is described and financial , technical , and intellectual property models for the project are discussed . Collaborative strategies for the project are described

O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I I O O B I I O O B I I I I O O B I I I I O B I O O B O O B I I I I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O B I O O O O O

american institute of biological sciences

scholarly publishing and academic resources coalition

bioone full-text society journal database


Reaching for five nines : ActiveWatch and SiteSeer Every Web admin 's dream is achieving the fabled five nines-99 .999 percent uptime . To attain such availability , your Web site must be down no more than about five minutes per year . Technologies like RAID , clustering , and load balancing make this easier , but to actually track uptime , maintain auditable records , and discover patterns in failures to prevent downtime in the future , you 'll need to set up external monitoring . Because your Internet connection is a key factor in measuring uptime , you must monitor your site from the Internet itself , beyond your firewall . You could monitor with custom software on remote hosts , or you could use one of the two reasonably priced services available : Mercury Interactive 's ActiveWatch and Freshwater Software 's SiteSeer . -LRB- Freshwater Software has been a subsidiary of Mercury Interactive for about a year now . -RRB- The two services offer a slightly different mix of features and target different markets . Both services offer availability and performance monitoring from several remote locations , alerts to email or pager , and periodic reports . They differ in what 's most easily monitored , and in the way you interact with the services

O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O B I O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O

web site
auditable records
downtime
external monitoring
internet connection
performance monitoring
remote locations
periodic reports

uptime tracking
failure pattern discovery
mercury interactive activewatch
freshwater software siteseer
availability monitoring
email alerts
pager alerts


The California Digital Library and the eScholarship program The eScholarship program was launched in 2000 to foster faculty-led innovation in scholarly publishing . An initiative of the University of California -LRB- UC -RRB- and a program of the California Digital Library , the eScholarship program has stimulated significant interest in its short life . Its modest but visible accomplishments garner praise from many quarters , within and beyond the University of California . In perhaps the best indication of its timeliness and momentum , there are more proposals submitted to eScholarship today than the CDL can manage . This early success is due in part to the sheer power of an idea whose time has come , but also to the unique approach on which CDL was founded and the eScholarship initiative was first launched

O B I I O O B I O B I O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O B I I O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O

escholarship program
california digital library
scholarly publishing
university of california


Aim for the enterprise : Microsoft Project 2002 A long-time favorite of project managers , Microsoft Project 2002 is making its enterprise debut . Its new Web-based collaboration tools and improved scalability with OLAP support make it much easier to manage multiple Web projects with disparate workgroups and budgets

O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O B I O O O O O O O O O O O B O B

microsoft project 2002
scalability
olap support
workgroups
budgets

web-based collaboration tools
multiple web project management


The UK 's National Electronic Site Licensing Initiative -LRB- NESLI -RRB- In 1998 the UK created the National Electronic Site Licensing Initiative -LRB- NESLI -RRB- to increase and improve access to electronic journals and to negotiate license agreements on behalf of academic libraries . The use of a model license agreement and the success of site licensing is discussed . Highlights from an interim evaluation by the Joint Information Systems Committee -LRB- JISC -RRB- are noted and key issues and questions arising from the evaluation are identified

O O O B I I I I O B O O O O O O O B I I I I O B O O O O O O O B I O O O B I O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I I O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O

national electronic site licensing initiative


Content standards for electronic books : the OEBF publication structure and the role of public interest participation In the emerging world of electronic publishing how we create , distribute , and read books will be in a large part determined by an underlying framework of content standards that establishes the range of technological opportunities and constraints for publishing and reading systems . But efforts to develop content standards based on sound engineering models must skillfully negotiate competing and sometimes apparently irreconcilable objectives if they are to produce results relevant to the rapidly changing course of technology . The Open eBook Forum 's Publication Structure , an XML-based specification for electronic books , is an example of the sort of timely and innovative problem solving required for successful real-world standards development . As a result of this effort , the electronic book industry will not only happen sooner and on a larger scale than it would have otherwise , but the electronic books it produces will be more functional , more interoperable , and more accessible to all readers . Public interest participants have a critical role in this process

B I O B I O O B I I O O O O B I I O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O

electronic publishing
electronic books
content standards
oebf publication structure
public interest participation

open ebook forum publication structure
xml-based specification


Support vector machines model for classification of thermal error in machine tools This paper addresses a change in the concept of machine tool thermal error prediction which has been hitherto carried out by directly mapping them with the temperature of critical elements on the machine . The model developed herein using support vector machines , a powerful data-training algorithm , seeks to account for the impact of specific operating conditions , in addition to temperature variation , on the effective prediction of thermal errors . Several experiments were conducted to study the error pattern , which was found to change significantly with variation in operating conditions . This model attempts to classify the error based on operating conditions . Once classified , the error is then predicted based on the temperature states . This paper also briefly describes the concept of the implementation of such a comprehensive model along with an on-line error assessment and calibration system in a PC-based open-architecture controller environment , so that it could be employed in regular production for the purpose of periodic calibration of machine tools

B I I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O

support vector machines model
machine tool thermal error prediction
error pattern
online error assessment

pc-based open-architecture controller environment


International library consortia : positive starts , promising futures Library consortia have grown substantially over the past ten years , both within North America and globally . As this resurgent consortial movement has begun to mature , and as publishers and vendors have begun to adapt to consortial purchasing models , consortia have expanded their agendas for action . The movement to globalize consortia is traced -LRB- including the development and current work of the International Coalition of Library Consortia-ICOLC -RRB- . A methodology is explored to classify library consortia by articulating the key factors that affect and distinguish consortia as organizations within three major areas : strategic , tactical , and practical -LRB- or managerial -RRB- concerns . Common consortial values are examined , and a list of known international library consortia is presented

B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O

consortial purchasing models
international library consortia


Writing the fulfillment RFP -LSB- publishing -RSB- For the uninitiated , writing a request for proposal can seem both mysterious and daunting . Here 's a format that will make you look like a pro the first time out

O O B O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O


Fuzzy modeling based on generalized conjunction operations An approach to fuzzy modeling based on the tuning of parametric conjunction operations is proposed . First , some methods for the construction of parametric generalized conjunction operations simpler than the known parametric classes of conjunctions are considered and discussed . Second , several examples of function approximation by fuzzy models , based on the tuning of the parameters of the new conjunction operations , are given and their approximation performances are compared with the approaches based on a tuning of membership functions and other approaches proposed in the literature . It is seen that the tuning of the conjunction operations can be used for obtaining fuzzy models with a sufficiently good performance when the tuning of membership functions is not possible or not desirable

B I O O B I I O O O B I O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O B O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O B I O O O O O O

fuzzy modeling
generalized conjunction operations
function approximation
tuning
approximation performances
membership functions


Perspectives on scholarly online books : the Columbia University Online Books Evaluation Project The Online Books Evaluation Project at Columbia University studied the potential for scholarly online books from 1995 to 1999 . Issues included scholars ' interest in using online books , the role they might play in scholarly life , features that scholars and librarians sought in online books , the costs of producing and owning print and online books , and potential marketplace arrangements . Scholars see potential for online books to make their research , learning , and teaching more efficient and effective . Librarians see potential to serve their scholars better . Librarians may face lower costs if they can serve their scholars with online books instead of print books . Publishers may be able to offer scholars greater opportunities to use their books while enhancing their own profitability

O O B I I O O B I I I I I O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O B O B O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O

columbia university online books evaluation project


Universal dynamic synchronous self-stabilization We prove the existence of a `` universal '' synchronous self-stabilizing protocol , that is , a protocol that allows a distributed system to stabilize to a desired nonreactive behaviour -LRB- as long as a protocol stabilizing to that behaviour exists -RRB- . Previous proposals required drastic increases in asymmetry and knowledge to work , whereas our protocol does not use any additional knowledge , and does not require more symmetry-breaking conditions than available ; thus , it is also stabilizing with respect to dynamic changes in the topology . We prove an optimal quiescence time n + D for a synchronous network of n processors and diameter D ; the protocol can be made finite state with a negligible loss in quiescence time . Moreover , an optimal D + 1 protocol is given for the case of unique identifiers . As a consequence , we provide an effective proof technique that allows one to show whether self-stabilization to a certain behaviour is possible under a wide range of models

O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O B O O O O B I I O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O

distributed system
nonreactive behaviour
topology
dynamic changes
optimal quiescence time
synchronous network
finite state
quiescence time
unique identifiers
proof technique

universal dynamic synchronous self-stabilization


2002 in-house fulfillment systems report -LSB- publishing -RSB- CM 's 13th annual survey of in-house fulfillment system suppliers brings you up to date on the current capabilities of the leading publication software packages

O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O O O B O O O O O O O O O O O O B I I

survey
suppliers
publication software packages


Simple minds -LSB- health care IT -RSB- A few things done properly , and soon , is the short-term strategy for the UK NHS IT programme . Can it deliver this time ?

O O O B I O O O O O O O O O O O O O O B O O B I I I O O O O O O O

uk nhs it programme
health care
strategy