Armitage stands in the back, or: Tropes Armitage fans live by
Bizarrely, in so many ways, this is post #1,001. Odd that it would fall today, precisely. As I publish this, I count 896,401 hits and 28,695 comments recording our mutual conversations. To everyone who reads this unusual patchwork text, thanks very much for your patient support of “me + richard armitage” over the last two and a half years, whether through reading, commenting, thinking, linking, writing your own responses elsewhere, agreeing, disagreeing, or praying. The latter is particularly valuable. It would be impossible for me to put in words, tonight, exactly what this blog has meant to me, but its meaning for me has been considerable and will likely grow in the next months. I’m very grateful to all of you for your amazing generosity and understanding.
The cast of The Hobbit on stage with audience members during Ian McKellen’s benefit performance for Isaac Theatre Royal, June 23rd, 2012, State Opera House, Wellington, NZ. Richard Armitage is circled in blue. Source: L’Amour, c’est mieux a deux
On the whole question of Richard Armitage’s alleged or potentially actual tendency to lurk in the background of publicity, given how many comments I wrote, you’ll have guessed that this is a relatively personal question for me, and I had pieces of this post drafted even before he showed up onstage in Wellington last weekend and moved to the side and then the back of the stage. Which actually made me think I should leave it.
I’ve also written about several aspects of this question before. For example, I’ve already written about the question of his career trajectory in many different forms: as a comment on the importance of projects with a higher culture component (part 1 and part 2) and also as comment on whether he should appear at fan convention events (so I am glad that the way he’s quoted in Total Film suggests that he’s taking this prospect with good humor, even if I suspect he’s clueless about Hobbit fanboys). I commented favorably on his openness about his conclusion, some time ago, that he needs not to worry about what his fans think. In response to the sudden Internet appearance of a marketer at UA, I’ve talked about my hopes that he focuses on what’s important to him, and tries to ignore the branding issue.
So I thought I had said most everything I had to say. But I thought of a new angle, and it preoccupied me while I was driving from office to office, and it’s turning out to be fruitful, because it may allow me to write about a topic I’ve been trying to broach for almost two years and haven’t been able to make myself.
I had actually planned to be writing about something else but there you have it. Maybe “fun” Servetus will come back soon, but I seem to be jinxed in that regard at the moment.
Mr. Reluctant Rented-Tux Red Carpet as was: Richard Armitage at the BAFTA TV Awards, London, England, May 20, 2007. Source: RichardArmitageNet.com
Caveats / assumptions. I shortened this section just because Pinup said a lot of things that I essentially agree with already.
The information we lack for determining anything about Richard Armitage’s decisions on the issue of his relationship with putting himself forward for publicity prevents us from drawing any meaningful conclusions with real-world purchase. It’s all speculation. No less than what I say below. So I am not willing to say that fans can ever know best, in the conventional sense of that phrase, anyway. We know, at most, what we want best. It’s fine to discuss that and disagree — even in public — as long as we acknowledge it’s primarily about us and our desires.
The evidence we have is problematic. I try to understand data I have about Armitage in good faith. But: Richard Armitage gets asked a question; he thinks about the actual answer; he negotiates in his mind what he can / should / must say; he tries to communicate the result of that negotiation to the interviewer; the interviewer writes about his answer; the interview is edited; I read it and you read it; you read what I’m saying about it. What a game of telephone. Humans misunderstand as much as we understand — sometimes accidentally (failure to consider certain perspectives may exist — hence my encouragement to would-be analysts to turn their perspectives inside out), sometimes on purpose (refusal to acknowledge that the world could differ from our perceptions). We have no choice but to reason via approximation, but while there are better or worse approximations of any evidence, all of them are inexact, including those we make about ourselves. (Think how often you’ve thought, “I can’t express exactly how I’m feeling” or made a statement that’s imprecise, but appropriate to a situation.) Certain of his behaviors and speech patterns look particularly recognizable to me — and some of those make up a big part of my attraction to him, frankly — but this recognition pertains to my frameworks, not about his behavior.
Richard Armitage has some choices available to him about publicity but not all potential options. He can possibly say no to a particular venue but not determine which offers will be made to him. I would love to see him interviewed in the New York Review of Books about his reading habits, for instance, but that’s not likely. Mr. Armitage chooses from among options he has, whether these are offered or he works to make them available.
Since his minor role in Captain America: The First Avenger garnered him two lengthy interviews in The Scotsman and the Daily Telegraph, there’s no reason to think that his options are not likely to continue to expand and improve.
Right now, the publicity machine for The Hobbit makes most of Richard Armitage’s decisions about interviews, not Richard Armitage himself, and barring the announcement of a new major role for him with its own promotion apparatus, that will likely continue to be the case for quite a while. His past ongoing presence on British television meant that he had to be visible to remind potential audience members to tune in. The PR team for The Hobbit obviously has a different strategy. I expect Richard Armitage to continue to fulfill his contractual obligations in this regard, particular as regards any information embargoes that may be in force (see message of May 29, 2011).
Deer in the flashbulbs? Richard Armitage leaves the Old Vic Theatre, London, England, after the 24 Hour Plays Celebrity Gala, November 21, 2010. Screencap from this cell phone video.
The place where Pinup started on this theme had to do with materials that appeared on Richard Armitage Confessions about Armitage being crowded out by other actors and or not getting something he deserves from his work The Hobbit, or being less lucky than other actors with his publicity team. And that issue — the statements we make about Armitage’s retiring nature — has interested me for a long time. I imagine that most of this discussion has emerged in response to the “drought dynamic” we’re experiencing and from which some fans have been suffering intensely. In the place of data, our imaginations naturally jump in — unsurprisingly — to fill in the blanks. What’s interesting to me is that this particular discussion fills this particular blank — that in a situation where little to no publicity is appearing, one response is to discuss the possibility that Armitage is being accidentally or purposefully damaged by himself or others.
Of course, that conclusion is one reading of the evidence. The explanations that emerge to explain Armitage’s apparent reticence tend to follow relatively predictable patterns or tropes (topoi) that we use to describe Mr. Armitage. All of these tropes have evidential arguments available both for and against them, and because the evidence for them is so broad, they can be made to serve many purposes. We encounter a few of them quite regularly. The boundaries between them are not entirely clear, and they are not mutually exclusive, but they are all fascinating. In what I say below, while I link to evidentiary justifications for the tropes, I’m not linking to examples of the tropes as they appear among fans, because the point of this piece is emphatically not anything that might appear to be personal criticism, and I’m just as guilty of filling in the blanks following my own tastes and worries as anyone else. In short, if you recognize your own attitudes in some of what I write: I am not throwing stones. Rather, I want to explore the tropes and talk about why they appeal or don’t appeal and what that says about all of us as fans involved in the fascinating but futile project of trying to figure out who Mr. Armitage really is.
Richard Armitage, publicity photo, 2009. Source: Русскоязычный Cайт Pичардa Армитиджa
“I want to be [let] alone Armitage”
One possible explanation is that Mr. Armitage is actively staying out of publicity or avoiding public appearances for reasons of personality. This hypothesis relies on the assumption that Armitage is almost painfully personally shy or (in extreme readings) would prefer, in the best of all possible worlds, never to have to encounter fans or publicists. The latter reading relies heavily on evidence like newspaper reports that note his ambivalence about fan adoration, as well as, I assume, on an early message in which he mentioned liking Keane’s “Hamburg Song,” with its chorus, “I don’t want to be adored” (July 24, 2006). A variant reading that I occasionally encounter is the sentiment that at the beginning of his career he liked his fans, but has changed his mind about them either out of bad experiences referenced in his messages (e.g., 29 April 2007; 22 April 2008) or simply out of greater awareness that he can’t have an open level of involvement with us (or out of frustration with the press coverage and the career problems it generates — see below). Never having met him, I have no context for judging his personal behaviors, but it seems to me rational to conclude on the basis of statements made by interviewers in the press and reports of fan encounters that while it is sensible to preserve a space between oneself and fans, and while he is perhaps innately modest (or was socialized to be), mild-mannered, and / or introverted, he is not abnormally aversive of other humans, including fans who appear in appropriate venues and behave themselves. If we look at this report of a fan encounter last weekend, while Armitage was not shoving himself in people’s faces, there’s no indication that he was running away from attention, either, or consciously avoiding fans. He was there to aid in a fund-raising effort and did what was asked of him without exhibiting noticeable personal tics that indicated fear or distaste for the people around him. He regularly poses for pictures with fans and we see them and he never looks uncomfortable (or if he is, he hides it successfully for the purposes of the picture). Consequently, I admit that I’ve never been convinced that Richard Armitage is actually or consciously hiding from the limelight.
“Bloody Internet!” Richard Armitage as Lucas North in Spooks 8.2. Source: RichardArmitageNet.com
“Press-Hater Armitage”
Another possibility is that Armitage actively avoids publicity because of distaste he feels for the press and / or reading opinions about himself. This position is supported by a statement about how he stopped reading his press because a single negative comment would stay with him. A frequent corollary of this position that emerges occasionally in discussions among fans (although he has never made this request, despite occasional comments on the honesty of his fans in evaluating his work) is that we shouldn’t say anything that risks offending him anywhere where he could read it, because it would hurt him. We also have speculated more than once that he hates answering certain questions over and over again (“the circus”; “the pants”), although his demeanor doesn’t strongly indicate impatience on his part (apart from one interview in which the impression of frustration was as much created by the reporter’s editorializing as it could be extrapolated from his own statements). If in fact he hates the press, however, it seems unlikely that he would have accepted quite so many interviews in the last eight years. He certainly had professional obligations to talk about his participation in certain projects, but he’s been interviewed beyond those demands. Transcripts of complete interviews don’t seem to indicate undue discomfort or hostility to members of the press when topics range beyond the immediate question of the project he’s promoting (example: David A Stephenson interview).
That Armitage fell into the purview of the press, initially, was due entirely to his fans of the first hour after North & South, who crashed the BBC message board and then created their own venues — a development that gave him a sudden visibility as a sort of seven-day wonder — an actor so amazing that he threatens the stability of the Internet! This phenomenon spurred at least one report on him before he’d done any other projects, merely because of an event that was a relative oddity at the time but would no longer surprise us in the least. Speaking from a media history perspective, he was in the right place at the right time to capitalize on that particular performance; but this means that a vital piece of his media presence was constituted by the very dynamic that we have speculated he might be frustrated about — the influence on the creation of his career by fans — a state of affairs that would reasonably foster a very bifurcated reaction. So I can imagine that, just as his relationship with fans has changed over its history and in light of various interactions he’s had, his attitude toward press as he went from being an actor who’d never had a press review before North & South to being able to read about himself regularly if he wants to remains a developing one. I can only guess what the elements of the development of his attitude toward press might be: curiosity, gratitude, appreciation, disgust, fear, fatigue, annoyance, self-doubt, rage, joy, anticipation? I don’t know. But in any interpretation, it’s hard for me to exclude his relatively early awareness that the press could do him good, as in a message of 11th September 2006, where he acknowledges the role of the press and that he’s going to have to figure out how to deal with it. That message included both an apology for apparent indiscretion on his part reflected in statements a newspaper reporter quoted about his sexual history in a press interview, and the intriguing comment: “the arena which I work in trades with this kind of information currency, I intend to be a spendthrift in future.”
A disguise Richard Armitage is thought to be using to hide from public view. Source: Me, My Thoughts, and Richard Armitage
“Furtive Armitage”
The evidence already cited above suggests that Richard Armitage is neither an extrovert, an attention-seeker, nor a publicity hound. We’ve never had any indication that even once people started to know who he was, he ever exploited their awareness of him to appear in the spotlight, which suggests that he never sought to become a celebrity as opposed to an actor. So another question that we could ask ourselves is whether there’s something Richard Armitage doesn’t wish people to know about him. My impression is that the fans in my circles don’t raise this possibility, or at most rarely, not least because it conflicts with a very popular trope discussed below. Now, almost inevitably, the answer to this question is yes, in that we all have things we’d rather people didn’t know about us for any number of reasons; it’s almost a part of the human condition. (Servetus references her own admission that she’s done things that would have prevented her from being elected president, were they known, and her refusal to state what said actions were.) At the same time, however, given the wide range of things we’ve learned about him in interviews over the years — including things we’d never have had to have known, and which he has potentially regretted disclosing (the names of his parents and of his nephew, perhaps, or the neighborhood where he lives) — it’s hard to avoid the conclusion that Armitage is actually rather willing to be talkative for whatever reason. He probably has the standard number of things to hide, as we all do, but it’s difficult to argue, particularly given the profession in which he works, that he’s unusually private. And in fact, the two things are not mutually exclusive. One can say a lot and still omit decisive information without necessarily having misrepresented oneself. Anyone who teaches for very long realizes this — one way to create connection with student audiences lies in the judicious release of harmless personal information.
Richard Armitage among the dwarfs in some kind of warm-up or preparation exercise for filming The Hobbit. Screencap from The Hobbit pre-production vlog #3. Source: RichardArmitageNet.com
“Virtuous Armitage”
This reading of Mr. Armitage suggests that the reason he doesn’t push for publicity and moves to the back of the stage, both figuratively and literally, relates to his fundamental virtues. These virtues are read both as professional (after appearing on stage at least since he was a teenager, he knows that the tall man has to stand in the back row — an impression sustained by his discussion of his early stage training, which emphasized discipline) and personal (see, for example, the Zen poem he shared with fans on 29 April 2007; or his regular suggestions that fans should donate to charity rather than sending him gifts, or the reports of how extremely hard he works to prepare for roles, going so far as to be waterboarded to learn what it was like; or the univocal agreement of co-stars that it is a pleasure to work with him). When we see pictures of him preparing (as in The Hobbit vlogs, or the Hood Academy extras) he always appears to be working so hard. He stands on the set himself for lighting tests. Now, I personally like this reading a great deal and I also think there’s a great deal of evidence to support it — which always gratifies me when I read it. I like to be the fan of a class act. And long-time readers are familiar with my own positive relationship with work. I’m also leery of saying too much critical about this issue, because it’s a facet of the identity question that I broached two summers ago and which generated my first experience with trolling, but I’ll try and hint, without saying that Armitage is not virtuous, that just like vice, virtue is also a performance — it’s just one that some of us, presumably Richard Armitage among them, can live with more easily. I’m also not entirely convinced by depictions of Armitage as a “real artist” when they rely on comparisons to people who seek the public eye primarily for celebrity. Presumably most good to great actors put a lot of work into their performances — all acting is a team effort, and there’s not much room in an expensive production, where every minute of filming has to be apportioned carefully, for regularly clowning around. Finally, I want to ask the obvious question here about the possibility of false consequence — does he retreat to the rear of the stage because he is virtuous, or do we read him as virtuous because he retreats to the rear of the stage?
Richard Armitage, in his role in the powhiri to start off filming of The Hobbit, moves his left hand in a gesture frequently seen among singers, sometimes used to facilitate breathing and flow in nervous situations. Screencap from The Hobbit preproduction vlog #1. Source: RichardArmitageNet.com
“Stage-Frightened Armitage”
This trope would suggest that even if Armitage is not personally shy, fan-averse, or press- or publicity-averse, he may still experience stage fright or some sort of nervousness or performance anxiety when he appears on a live stage. This reading relies on his own statements in the press about wanting to perform as a teenager, but not wanting to be watched, about being worried that anyone who saw him would think he wasn’t very good (I’m thinking this statement was in an old Sunday Times article that’s now behind a pay wall?). I would argue that it is potentially also a consequence of statements he’s made about loving a rush while skiing, seeking loss of control even as he fears it, and the exhilaration of appearances on stage, insofar as all of these statements involve a component of relationship to one’s fears or exploitation of anxiety in particular kinds of situations. And we occasionally see behaviors or tics that may point at nervousness, such as the rocking back and forth on his legs in Wellington last weekend. I don’t want to apply that this state of affairs is either / or: most performers realize that a certain amount of adrenaline in the system affects a performance, and that the key to a good performance is putting oneself in the position to get the right amount of it. If we discard this reading, it tends to be on the grounds of implausibility; just as some people believe that a shy performer is a contradiction in terms, they may conclude that stage fright alone would not condition this kind of consistent behavior. As a final though, perhaps the acceptance of such a trope is contingent on the belief that Armitage is somehow being damaged by his own activities. This is the next trope.
Ian Macalwain (Richard Armitage) after being assassinated by his own team in Ultimate Force 2.6. Source: RichardArmitageNet.com
“Armitage as victim”
So, as noted above, my reactions to the re-appearance of this trope in the discussions on Richard Armitage Confessions, as discussed by Pinup, was really the reason for this post. (So why did it take me 3,000 words to get here? I’m just trying to give equal time to the entire theme.)
“Armitage as victim” is prevalent enough as a feeling among some fans that its manifestations started to intrigue me some time ago, and I even created a category for it (see category cloud at right). It’s a really powerful sentiment at times, and I think the trope may gain power in his particular case because it so effectively combines a number of the ideas above, so that he can alternatively — depending on the reading — be victimized by almost anyone to whom he stands in professional relationship. The press (too much coverage of Armitage as male totty); his fans (we’re so crazy we make him want to avoid us — keyword — panties); script writers on the projects he works on (he starts off in a reasonably scripted series and then everything goes haywire, forestalling any criticisms we might find to make about his performances); actresses with insufficient charisma (so that if a screen love affair doesn’t strike our heart strings, we blame it on his co-star); his own good nature / virtue (he’s so modest that he steps on his own feet — a neat example being his response to the question in his red carpet interview at the Captain America premiere, that what he wanted people to know about the film concerned Chris Evans — but see “virtuous Armitage,” above) or, in, the specific case that prompted this post, his management or the management of other actors (his management misses opportunities for him; the management of other actors pushes those individuals to the front and doesn’t give Armitage the “credit” he deserves). Another reason we may like this trope is that it serves well the needs of fan-on-fan behavior policing (“if only you behave according to my standards, Mr. Armitage will be more forthcoming in his relationship to fans”), which involves an active-aggressive stance against other fans and a passive-aggressive one with regard to Armitage himself. In a situation where Armitage is supposed to have the control to give or withhold information or contact, fans disciplining each other becomes a (futile) way to attempt to exert influence over Mr. Armitage. It also takes the blame both off the policer and away from Armitage — it would not be the case that he would want to retreat from fans unless fans were being impossible, i.e., we were victimizing him.
[At left: The gently or not-so-gently bemused “why are you staring at me?” look: Richard Armitage on the red carpet for the Varekai Gala, January 5, 2010, London, England. Source: RichardArmitageNet.com]
The frequency of complaints about Armitage’s victimization at the hands of poor management is clear, although I’ve never felt like he suffered for work or exposure. I tend to read such complaints as reflecting unease over the fact that his rise to prominence after North & South was not immediate in the way that some fans felt he deserved — so that espousals of this trope serve as a function of particularly intense faith in Armitage’s merits. But on the whole, I don’t think that eight years to the sort of prominence he has now is an unduly long time, and indications are that he doesn’t either, given statements that he feels like he’s on a roller coaster already. That he may occasionally be or have been professionally naive is supported by his own statements about the development of his capacity to understand what was happening in his career when he was struggling early on, particularly his concession that he has perhaps been a late bloomer and that he still feels younger than he is. (We could probably create a sub-division of this trope and call it “boyish Armitage,” but this post is already getting too long.) What’s interesting to me about “Armitage as victim” is that it is not heavily supported by press reports — except in its permutation as victimization by fans (and we all know that the press loves to make fun of us already and never eager to point an accusatory finger at itself, always justifying any of its own excesses in terms of people’s desires or rights to know).
At the same time, however, the response to this point about victimization is obvious. Armitage has worked in “show business” since he was seventeen, he has some idea of how the industry works, what the consequences of his decisions might be, and what he might have to do to get what he wants. A seventeen-year-old who takes a job in Budapest to get an Equity card is no shrinking violet personality. If he’s dissatisfied with his publicity profile or the roles he’s gotten, he’s forty years old and adult enough to fire whoever’s in charge of these things and engage someone else to work on his behalf! (Though I would concede that these decisions are complex. If I think about the people I’ve employed to work for me in the past, it’s always been a balancing act as one person does multiple tasks at which he may be more or less effective. So maybe he’s overly loyal to a management that stuck with him through some thin years — see “virtuous Armitage” above.) Mr. Armitage has also displayed evidence in the past that he has the capacity to change his behavior when he’s not getting what he wants, as regards the decision to go to his audition for Sparkhouse in character.
[At right: naive Armitage? A Cats-era photo. Source: RichardArmitageNet.com]
So it’s hard for me to imagine that this trope bears much on actual circumstances now, if it ever did. It seems to me just as likely that — if indeed he has been a victim — he could have been the victim of fate, something over which no one can express any control, though I would be hard put to apply the adjective “unlucky” to Armitage, and so, it would seem, would he be. So the final sense in which I tend to read this trope as powerful lies in the realm of what it does for how we evaluate his career and how those evaluations relate to our choices. If Armitage didn’t get as much career energy from North & South as he should have, this reading goes, that’s not because of anything he did, but because of poor choices that were made outside of his control. Maybe good roles were being saved for actors with better-connected management. If roles were not immediately forthcoming, that scarcity did not stem from anything innate to Armitage. And finally — and I think this is really key for understanding this trope — if Armitage is the victim of poor management, then we are not crazy for cultivating an intense love of an actor who may not end up being the premiere actor of his generation. Thus “Armitage as victim” excuses not only any potential failures by Armitage — it also excuses us of any failures of taste for setting our fan bets on Armitage as opposed to any one of a group of talented actors who are poised at potentially joining the Hollywood A-list.
[At left: Authoritative Armitage? Richard Armitage at the NYC premiere of Captain America: The First Avenger, July 2011. Source: RichardArmitageNet.com]
However, despite the strength of the case against “Armitage as victim,” I need to concede that for various reasons I am heavily invested in the notion of Armitage as adult as opposed to as victim. If I fall regularly into the “virtuous Armitage” trope, I admit that one of the things I admire most about him is that I’ve never read him blame anyone but himself (or fate) in any evaluative statement he’s made about his career. Men who take personal responsibility are hot. And I need badly, right now, to believe in the possibility of adult men. Additionally, insofar as I sympathize with the problem of too much work and limited energy, as well as the pressures of being someone for someone both professionally and personally, I resonate deeply with his statements about not wanting to appear as Richard Armitage on a reality show. He’s an actor, which involves pretending to be someone else for audiences — not being Richard Armitage for audiences, which is probably somewhat more difficult. In a situation where he does an incredibly physically and emotionally demanding job, as with the role he has right now, I conclude that he’s mostly focused on what he’s doing on a day-to-day basis. He probably focuses the limited time and energy he has available at present for future planning on auditions and role offers rather than doing interviews. And this prioritization, too, is a sign of adult decisionmaking and professional acumen that I admire.
Marching to the beat of his own drummer? Richard Armitage on the night before the Old Vic gala, London, England. Source: RichardArmitageNet.com
“Autotelic Armitage”
So, in the absence of other knowledge, the surface reading of his allegedly publicity-light behavior that I prefer — whether it’s accurate or not, no one knows, see earlier caveats — is one that’s consonant with my own reading of his personality. This is the final trope to be discussed. I read Mr. Armitage as a strongly autotelic personality. (I am one, too, which underlines my point about how these tropes are all about us and only superficially about Richard Armitage.) Autotelic people are innerly-directed and focused primarily on their own, individual, independent definitions of quality, success, and reward. The reward for doing The Hobbit for him, I suspect, is going be having done The Hobbit, even more than the other career steps it might facilitate. This is the sense in which I understand his statement that he’d be satisfied if this were the last piece of work he’d ever do (a remark that I suspect is a potentially less accurate approximation of the intensity of his feelings about actually continuing to work, which he seems eager to do no matter what the work).
Signs of this attitude — that fulfilling the demands his inner life makes on him is the justification for his work — can be found throughout his work. His statements that the roots of his acting lie in his reading and in the imaginative world of a solitary child would substantiate this viewpoint, as would his move from a relatively successful career in the corps of musical theatre to drama school and into journeyman years in the background of Royal Shakespeare Company productions. His insistence that audience attraction to him is really about Mr. Thornton, for example, is usually read by interviewers as modesty (or as a way to embarrass fans, who are read as misunderstanding the actual relationship of actor to role), but the wording is interesting: “It’s a bit embarrassing because you don’t plan for that when you prepare for the part. I didn’t realise there would be an emotional reaction, or whatever that reaction is — a physical reaction? I value it, but at the same time, it’s only a character.” We could also understand this to mean — the reaction of the audience is secondary to my assumption of the character; I determine for myself what the successful creation of a character involves, and so ecstatic fan reaction is embarrassing not (only) because it means unsought adoration, but because it’s beside the point. And his point that working front of house in a period where he wasn’t getting roles also tends to go in this direction — he’s not looking at a performance primarily in terms of its effect (even if that is what others are looking at it for) but in terms of the character he becomes when he does it. (A similar divide can frequently be made, incidentally, between orchestra musicians who enjoy listening to orchestras, and those who primarily enjoy playing in them. I was the latter.) Getting to have the experience of rush as the endpoint of the process of working to come someone else, I would argue, is what’s at stake for him here — and why he thinks he may think about Thorin Oakenshield long after he’s done playing the role.
It’s hard to live with autotelic personalities. They want what they want and their motivations are thus not always legible to others because they occasionally read as irrational. So the objections to this viewpoint are manifested in questions like: “How could you not want the level of success we think you deserve?” or “how can you not see that doing the kind of publicity we demand is essential to you getting future roles of the kind you want?” or even “how could you be satisfied with roles that are below your caliber of artistry?” What’s confusing, on this view, is simply that being autotelic can look an awful lot like being ambitious — and a strong, openly displayed ambitious streak would interfere with the “virtuous Armitage” trope, if it were present. But critics of the autotelic trope must ask: Doesn’t wanting to do well in terms of one’s own goals require an important measure of ambition, and doesn’t ambition require certain sorts of compromises (publicity!) to fuel a career?
The answer is, of course, yes — but it also requires standards, and in Armitage’s case we might easily conclude, based on the roles he’s played, that these standards are inner (delivering a good performance) as opposed to outer (independent definitions of the value of art). But to demonstrate this point about being autotelic, we might consider that an appropriate subtitle for episode 2 of North & South could be “Mr. Thornton’s autotelic personality.” On this view, Mr. Armitage knows what he wants, works hard to get it, and does what he thinks he needs to get it — but the “what” is determined solely by him and not by anyone else, even if can use the help of others (management, fans, studio publicity machines) on his way there. If Armitage is giving himself credit himself for what he does, then it’s hard for me to share the worries on Richard Armitage Confessions about Armitage being crowded out by other actors and or not getting something he deserves from his work The Hobbit. I’m a firm subscriber to the “enough is as good as a feast” philosophy, and accept that my enough is probably different from his. If what Richard Armitage determines is the goal of his work is fulfilled — and I suspect that this is going to be the execution of the role to the best of his ability, as opposed to the achievement of the next role — then he’s going to use publicity mainly to that end, and not either as an end in itself or a means to an end that is not his.
And finally we get to the question of what the autotelic trope may do for those who embrace it. I would argue that, as it appears in dialectic with the “victim” trope, it serves a similar function. That is, if Armitage’s career does not ever reach the heights that an independent standard of high art might wish for it, this disappointment can be attributed to his personal standards. The autotelic Armitage trope says: he was always better than all that publicity.
OK. There would be a lot more to be said about this theme, including a lengthy discussion of why I personally am so invested in defending his right to make his decisions and skip publicity if that were his desire, but I’m at about 6,300 words. So I’ll leave that stuff for later posts, sometime. For now: Which tropes are you invested in, and why? What does the picture of Armitage tell you about your own preoccupations?
And thanks, as always, perhaps tonight more than ever, for reading.
Posted in acting, Armitage as mirror, Armitage as victim, Armitage on Armitage, Armitage's body, Armitageworld dogmas, attempts at bravery, Captain America, career, Cats, collateral attractions, dance, fan art, fans, fantasy, fear, flow, forgiveness, gratitude, gravitas, Heinz Kruger, humiliation, humility, Ian Macalwain, if I could interview Mr. Armitage, interiority, John Standring, joy, loss, Lucas North, me, morality / ethics / norms, Mr. Thornton, musical theatre, North & South, objectification, order / disorder, overwork, Peter Jackson, polls, reality, redemption, Richard Armitage, silliness, Sparkhouse, Spooks, the Armitage morass, the circus, the competition, the energy, the eyes, the face, The Hobbit, the hype, the real Armitage, theatre theatre, thinking / feeling, Thorin Oakenshield, Ultimate Force, why Armitage?, Why me?, work
70 Responses to “Armitage stands in the back, or: Tropes Armitage fans live by”
Great post,Servetus! Thanks!:)
My heart would want to see him as a victim but reason suggests a different scenario;)….in any case he is a decent guy…for sure!:)
Joanna said this on	June 28, 2012 at 7:51 am | Reply
I tend to believe that, too, Joanna.
I chose autotelic, but (and you may think this very generic) that he may be a combination of all, with varying degrees of each. My gut says that he became an actor because he wanted to be an actor, not a celebrity or be famous. And being an actor (especially a more well known one) requires doing publicity, and so does it. But like you said, I don’t know what goes on in his head.
greenie said this on	June 28, 2012 at 9:19 am | Reply
I missed this first time round. Yeah, they’re not mutually exclusive.
Servetus!
Another scrumptiously prepared and deliciously executed post that I can’t wait to savor and consume at my leisure later! Thank you so much for sharing your natural talents and training in case presentation (with supporting evidence) with the rest of us!!
Note: I’ve only scrolled through the post to alert myself that I have something to look forward to later – but I noticed the poll at the end with the enticing question of, “Which tropes are you invested in, and why?” That’s my kind of blog poll (!) – as you already know.
Of the choices listed, I most recognize myself in “Furtive Armitage” – as I suppose everything about me is furtive as soon as I leave my door in the mornings (much more so in London as I can’t just get into my own car to preserve a protective enclosure of ‘UK Expat space’).
I don’t know that I am invested in Armitage being so (and please note, I haven’t read through the defense of each position) but I can simply observe that this is a dominant trait I hold within myself. 🙂
UK Expat said this on	June 28, 2012 at 9:43 am | Reply
I had to mull over the post for a few hours before I felt confident enough to post the dribble I did. It’s a very thought provoking topic.
Snicker's Mom said this on	June 28, 2012 at 6:49 pm | Reply
no running yourself down, Snicker’s.
You probably guessed why I included that — because it also gets to the identity problem (is he somewhere being someone different than who we think he is?).
As far as investment goes — there are some people who are really invested in certain pictures of his identity; I am somewhat less so but there are definitely things I am invested in that, if they turned out not to be true, I’d have to rethink this. They may just not be the same things that other people are invested in.
A lot of food for thought and I don’t really know where to start. I think at this point it is impossible to come to any conclusion, so much depends on what happens during the next months (or next two years, until the Hobbit is history), what we learn about him when media interest increases and on the turn his career takes. To date we have no idea how much and which kind of publicity he intends to do, which kind of work he intends to accept and which dark secrets he’s trying to conceal might be revealed.
Jane said this on	June 28, 2012 at 11:32 am | Reply
of course, he will also change during that time, which means the discussion can continue infinitely.
I may add, I don’t buy the “Armitage as a victim” trope. I think he is fully responsible for what happens to him and for how he is perceived. It is his choice whom he employs (and I don’t agree an actor who is with a reputable agency and shares an agent with Kate Winslet should think about getting an new management) but more importantly, it is his choice which roles he accepts and to which projects he sticks for how long and why and what it takes to leave a project.
My own personal trope is “Armitage as a TV/movie worker”. Someone who has a strong work ethic, always does his best, even does more than required (I’m always thinking of Higgins and his unpaid overtime, because “work wasn’t finished”). Someone who fulfils his contracts and would never publicly say anything critical about his projects. But also someone for whom having steady and reasonably well-paid work come high on the list and makes him accept and stick to projects he knows are not ideal. At least until something that is much better on many levels comes along. I’m not sure if I fully understand what autotelic means, but it may overlap. He’s following his own goals and own priorities and those goals may not be what some fans (including myself) think what they should be.
Jane said this on	June 28, 2012 at 12:23 pm | Reply
I think this somewhat intersects with “virtuous Armitage” (if you think industry is a virtue). On the other hand, the doing more than required also intersects with “autotelic Armitage”.
I definetely agree with you that his major reward for being in the Hobbit was the time he did spent in NZ, working on the project. HE is done with that soon but the memory will stay with him, and by all accounts working with PJ on that set is a very special experience. For us the rewards we hope to get for out patience is yet to come, but for him it is probably not about the finished movie, the public recognition, the fame, the hopefully favourable reviews, the career chances. And it was similar with previous projects, for him it was about the work experience, that may well have been rewarding, even if the finish product was less than perfect.
Jane said this on	June 28, 2012 at 9:37 pm | Reply
If “autotelic” covers most of the tropae, my vote is there, excepting victim. This is a person who has been in the business, professionally for more than twenty years. Nothing we read indicates that he is unintelligent. He has had sufficient experience since the initial success of N&S to have a glimmer of the way publicity and fandom work. As in his acting, he learns as he goes. He has been dedicated
to a demanding profession from at least his early teens. The profession appears to be his lodestar, to which he has, and does, dedicate his entire mental and physical energy. Is he shy? Is he humble? Perhaps.Perhaps he has been finding a public persona with which he is comfortable, and which works with his own personality. (and appeals to fans and to the media machine) Perhaps those tags are simply a bit of the whole. Perhaps he is far more intent on the profession. Acting. Not celeb. We will, of course, interpret according to our own dreams, hopes, needs? and analyse every detail from that perspective.
fitzg said this on	June 28, 2012 at 1:14 pm | Reply
a corollary of this, of course, is that he has his own “fantasy” of how his fans should be. 🙂
And, of course, fans come in certain tropes…:)
belizec said this on	June 29, 2012 at 8:12 am | Reply
absolutely. That would be a great post, although it would hit on so many nerves that people wouldn’t speak to me.
Oh this is just so much fun. Would you marry me, my smart and great friend?
Didion said this on	June 28, 2012 at 2:35 pm | Reply
Maybe (Servetus tilts her head, coyly).
Personally, I see/read RA as a functional (socially adapted, people-pleasing, work oriented) eccentric (phobic/fearful yet coping, geek with control issues) with a great sense of humour. Oxymoronic creature, that is. No need to remind me, Servetus, from mirror mirror on the wall something similar lurks at me, I suppose.
What you do incessantly remind us in this blog, and I tend to adore it, is that RA of our obsessions is a projection of a certain image (precisely, images – not necessarily congruent) – made up out of various roles he played (enhanced by various interpretations and evaluations of critics and general public) and messages he sends about himself through interviews and public appearances. And then, all that is open to interpretation because it is fragmentary in a high degree, missing crucial parts we need to constitute „round“ human-like character. What we are dealing with is similar to a literary character – we infer a coherent personality out of remarks, signals, suggestions or allusions we get from various „texts“. And, obviously, we do it according to our deep-structure needs and desires…
Evidently, we do almost the same with real people around us, but there we have immediateness, possibility of direct contact, as well as all the imperfections of communication – living and evolving, but frequently defective and fallible.
Finally, not to forget: observed entities tend to change their normal, sui generis behaviours – in the worlds of physics as well as in the worlds of show business.
belizec said this on	June 28, 2012 at 3:10 pm | Reply
your comment gets at one of my fundamental problems in epistemology. On the one hand I agree that what we get is a text that we have to interpret. It’s not clear why this should be different for a real person we know as opposed to one we don’t, and yet pragmatically speaking it is, which points at there being something “there.” I wonder sometimes if our belief in rationalism is so stringent that when we actually interact with people in the flesh, we create difficulties in order to bolster our convictions that something is “there.”
Sorry about that. Got a little carried away there.
And yes, I agree that it would make sense for Armitage to change his behaviors under observation. Since I do. Maybe I need him to be a functional adult because I need me to be one — so my investment in his essential wholeness is also a personal one, as well as a rational assumption to make. As I said in the comments on Pinup’s blog, if he weren’t a competent moral agent I couldn’t excuse myself writing about him like this.
To put simply the core of postkantian & poststructural epistemology, I love to think that I left all hope at knowing something (especially someone) entirely and reliably, let alone objectively, and that I enjoy the game of interpretation that allows irrational (un/subconciense, intuition and imagination) to equal reason. Of course, that is what I love to think, because I also need faith in coming to a meaning or illusion of coherence – of events and phenomena, beings and things. And I don’t think that you’ve got carried away, not in a bad sense of the word.
It seems to me that, in fact, I got carried away with analogy of reading real and fictional characters: there must be certain „surplus“in reality.
re: “surplus” in reality, I agree. Though I don’t know how to describe / define it.
I was distracted early on in the post by “And I need badly, right now, to believe in the possibility of adult men.” Ahhh, I do as well. I wonder if that specimen of the (emotionally mature) adult male human is so rare that once one is found, it should be separated from the other men and kept safe in a reserve as are done with some endangered animals.
Anyway, I voted for the autotelic trope. I’ve been reflecting on it for a few hours now and I guess I voted for it because that’s how I pretty much live. I had thought it was the best choice based on what he has said and done, but now I find myself re-analyzing what I know and I disagree. I suspect he likely takes some jobs ‘just for the money’ vs a personal challenge/fulfillment. On the other hand, I guess that could be one of his rewards or desires or just fulfilling a basic human need to have food and shelter. RA is still such an enigma to me. Perhaps Mr. Armitage is playing the publicity game quite well after all. 🙂
PS- That pic from Ultimate Force always makes me crack up, it is just too hilarious.
functional adult male game reserve: yes, although one wonders about the socialization aspect.
one of the smart things about your comment is raising very directly the possibility that staying out of publicity is also a way to be involved in publicity. I would say he’s no fool.
That plot in UF is so ridiculous that it’s appropriate for it to end with that image, no? Speaking of doing things for the money (or the experience).
Re the point of his real or perceived publicity shyness: I remember very early on, I think it was when he did The Impressionists, he mentioned in a message that he will do “some well chosen publicity, nothing too flashy” and that seems to be his premise till this day. I also remember that a few years ago (during RH) there was a female radio presenter who had a bit of a crush on him, mentioned him frequently and wanted him on her show, but he declined through his agents, saying he wouldn’t do interviews if he hadn’t a new project to promote. It doesn’t surprise me that he sticks to that as well and until Hobbit PR starts, he has no other project to promote. He never did interviews or public appearances just to promote himself, if interviews didn’t coincided with the start of a new series it surely was the finale or the release of the DVD. And he never once attended an event as a mere guest, hoping to be seen and photographed, always as a presenter and ambassador of the show he’s currently in. He once was on the guest list for a film premier and didn’t turn up. He is also on the record as hating red carpet event and being a very happy man if he never had to attend one again.
BTW: RAonline has the disappeared Times interview you mentioned, it is quite interesting with regards to his shyness: http://richardarmitageonline.com/articles/TheTimes-20081018.html
There are various degrees of shyness and I think he is one of those who are perfectly capable to talk to strangers or small groups of strangers when meeting fans or journalists, but may have problems in situations when he is observed, like on a red carped or a stage as himself. I found it fascinating that he said he developed techniques to make himself invisible through body language because he doesn’t like being observed in the street.
I always love me some more data, esp this data point about not showing up for a film premiere.
Excellent point about shyness — this is part of what I was trying to do in differentiating avoidance of fans vs press vs stage fright — as I too have the weird situation that there are certain situations that make me shy to the point of having to flee (doctors’ offices, for instance).
And thanks for the link.
It was the premier of Sienna Miller’s Factory Girl, must have been 2007. It was the only time his name appeared on such a list but no picture or report to prove he was there. Obviously he probably has a social life we know little about but if he would mix with SM’s crowd I would think we would hear about it more often.
I’m sure that’s true.
BTW this is the interview where he talks about his ability to disappear in a crowd when he wants to. He say people that don’t have a lot of confidence and don’t like to be looked at do it.
let’s try the link again: http://richardarmitageonline.com/articles/SundayPeople20081026.html
this was interesting to reread. I wonder if he pretends he doesn’t have confidence, or if he doesn’t have it and confidence is an act for him, or one of those things he’s only gradually learned.
I am one of those people who absolutely cannot disappear in a crowd. People don’t forget having seen me. But I don’t think I’m particularly confident.
I tend to think he falls somewhere between virtuous and autotelic. He’s been a part of the entertainment machine long enough to know what he needs to do in order to meet his own standards and goals, so the idea of him as a victim doesn’t sit well with me. While I may joke about him needing new PR people, I’m sure they know what they are doing.
I guess my overall picture of him is that he strikes me as the type of person who will be happy as long as he fulfills his own goals If that happens to coincide with what others want for him, that’s just extra.
jasrangoon said this on	June 28, 2012 at 7:51 pm | Reply
and you know, if that’s the case, he’s doing really well. A lot of people don’t make it that far in their lives.
Voted for autotelic! He’s definitely his own person and I really like that about him. And, as Angie-Fedoralady put it once on TAE, I want for Richard what Richard wants for Richard! 🙂 Btw., so THAT’s the Burberry coat (pic.#3)!!! 🙂
Judit said this on	June 28, 2012 at 9:11 pm | Reply
yes — that is the Burberry coat. Somewhat overexposed. 1300 quid retail.
But- it’s a quality piece which will last forever, so it’s good value for money. 🙂
yeah, he can leave it to his nephew … 🙂
Another fascinating post, servetus. Interesting that quite a few people chose “autotelic.” I chose it too. (And I enjoyed learning a new word!)
I remember that he said, speaking of his former teacher Miss Pat, that he started out in her school being afraid to disappoint her, and by the end he was concerned about disappointing himself. Isn’t that autotelic?
Also, seems to me that being in the public eye could be seriously disorienting to one’s value system, and the only way to stay focused would be to become autotelic.
Saralee said this on	June 28, 2012 at 9:13 pm | Reply
One of the things a teacher who is teaching a skill usually tries to do is get the student to be able to evaluate and improve his own work, and part of that process is imposing external standards of performance that are then supposed to become sufficiently internalized that the individual can apply them him / herself once the teacher has disappeared. Autotelic means literally “own ends,” so yes, if he took what he learned from his teacher(s) and made it his own, that would be autotelic. It’s what a teacher most wants for a student, and if she had heard that I’m sure she would have cried.
Re the number of people picking that — it’s a rhetorical dynamic that if the argumentation is successful the reader is going to tend to agree. I should write more about the potential conflict between being autotelic and a people-pleaser. This is a really hard conflict to navigate in my experience.
“Autotelic” – I’ve learned a new word today! 🙂
Considering RA has said that he’d find a river boat holiday dull and would much rather prefer to go skydiving or something, I doubt he’s actually an introvert – would have thought skydiving is something that would be too overwhelming for the introverted nervous system! Perhaps he’s an ambivert – a little bit of both? Either way I reckon he’s a Highly Sensitive Person (HSP). Or maybe it’s just wishful thinking. Whatever!
You’ve given us all plenty of things to think about now, Servetus. You’ll turn us all into philosophers one of these days! ;D
Traxy said this on	June 28, 2012 at 9:47 pm | Reply
I always forget to remind people that I’m using introverted in the MBTI / Jungian sense. It’s not about excitement, it’s about the energy (or drain of same) that you derive from being around other people. Introverts can be risk-friendly or daredevils. 🙂
You know, the unexamined life is not worth living.
I think we have too little evidence to answer the introvert question but introverted (and a little shy) as opposed to terribly shy makes a lot of sense to me (we discussed this at Angie’s blog). He is often described as very focussed on set and at Sir Ian’s event it looks as if he kept to himself, interacted with fans when required but did not interact that much with his cast mates. It may just be what he chooses to do. He seems to be well liked everywhere and the Hobbit cast is supposed to be one big happy family, it seems unlikely that he couldn’t hang out with them if he wanted to. But their dynamics are impossible tell just from this.
yeah. we’ll never get the whole picture of what happened on that set — which is fine. I wonder sometimes about distracted / dreamy / preoccupied. He’s commented on having been described as aloof and rejected that designation.
I think you will already guess, what I consider RA to be anyway, so I won’t reveal what I chose in your poll.
What a wonderful article, Servetus! I admire you for your sound analysis of all possibilities. I prepared a tiny article about RA’s late appearance on stage, but now am hesitant to throw in my little nonsense ;o)
cdoart said this on	June 28, 2012 at 10:09 pm | Reply
I linked it in Legenda 33, for those who are interested. Let’s call it “Clever Armitage.”
I didn’t vote because I think there’s an intertwining of all the tropes when it comes to RA — except for the victim bit. I don’t seem him as a victim at all. I identify with a lot of what I see/read about RA and that’s how I interpret his persona. Because I would stand in the back of a crowd, I understand why someone else would stand in the back. Of course that doesn’t mean I’m right about my perceptions. Belizec’s comment about him being a functional eccentric was interesting because I’ve wondered about that at times.
I think he was naïve in the beginning and was overwhelmed by his fans reactions. If he’s the shy and unassuming person I this he is, he probably never imagined that he would have such a large and loyal fan base. It took him awhile to adjust to the reality and he’s learned (or been coached) to interact differently since then.
sloan said this on	June 29, 2012 at 7:59 pm | Reply
well, you could vote for all — this poll allowed more than one answer.
I’m sure he never anticipated having a big group of fans or this particular group of us. Poor man 🙂
Is there a confusion with victim vs the fact that he brings out that maternal “feeling”? There are times when it’s like …. do I want to make him homemade chicken noodle soup or take him to bed? He does bring out that tendancy in me at least. There is a vulnerability but I wouldn’t say victim. Unless I am missing something…
@Rob said this on	June 30, 2012 at 3:30 am | Reply
I agree that he tends to bring out the maternal instinct. Even though he’s one of the more virile actors around today, there is still something about him that retains a boyishness. It’s something of an innocence that other actors don’t seem to have…maybe something to do with that late bloomer in him. Or it could just be that I’m older than him and not usually attracted to men younger than me.
naivete, so to speak.
Well, the stuff that was reference on Richard Armitage Confessions was people saying they were worried he was going to get (figuratively) screwed by other actors’ ambitions and/or managements. That’s not so typically a maternal reaction as the one you describe.
I feel that way about almost all my friends, though, if they’re sick or suffering.
Having read this quote today from the scan of the EW article that Jas provided, I’m wondering how it fits in, if at all, with what’s been discussed.
“It’s nice to be cut off from that- (the intense scrutiny) otherwise you become self-conscious…. I envy that original cast of Lord of the Rings. They didn’t know what they were involved in.”
To me it sounds like he has been quite comfortable with the insularity the film production has provided so far, and isn’t looking forward to the hype that is to follow.
I suppose self-consciousness is the worst thing for an actor. You want to forget who you are and who you are playing.
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Fabulous analysis! I found this from your RA biography link. For me, RA standing in the back would be “other”. I just keep thinking of how they would line us up for choir performances in school–by height–mixing males and females, and vocal parts to create a stereo kind of sound.
So as the tall guy, I’m guessing that RA might have been asked to stand in the back a lot for shots in school and such. And maybe he is unconsciously continuing that early training by standing in the back of Hobbit promo shots. Ha!
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United in Passion: French Cycling Clubs - Part 1
Texto de: Foucauld Duchange
Fotos de: Jochen Hoops
A day on the road with the cyclists of Association Sportive (A.S.) Meudon and the Rallye du Toboggan Meudonnais
While Great Britain has had a cycling boom – thanks to a lucky combination of two Tour de France Grand Départs; national success on the track and, through Team Sky, on the road; and an infatuation with fixed-wheel bikes and luxury merino jerseys – France has been doing things in its own way.
In the land of the Gauls, you only have to walk into a café in Lycra for one of the locals to pull you over and tell you a story about legendary cyclist Richard Virenque, or an uncle of theirs who once climbed Ventoux. But if you tell your friends that cycling is your passion, more often than not they look at you as some kind of old-fashioned nerd.
In France, cycling is no longer a way out of poverty for the ‘convicts of the road’, but neither is it yet ‘the new golf’ of the upper-middle classes. Cycling may be growing, but as a sport it remains the prerogative of cycling clubs, clubs in which everyone is loyal to their jersey – a jersey that is ideally as colorful and as peppered with logos as possible!
The Federations
At the origin of all clubs is a natural desire: to gather together around a shared passion. Thus, as cycling as a sport was spluttering into being, the first cyclists were uniting in various gentlemen’s societies. The Union Vélocipédique de France (French Cyclists’ Union) was founded in 1881.
The world of cycling clubs in France is at once simple – since it stems from a social and organisational need that’s basically inherent in any sporting practice – and complex, because it is split into four federations.
The Fédération Française de Cyclisme (FFC) trains and organises the racing programme of French champions and future champions – and we’ll come back to this in a separate blog.
The Fédération Français de Cyclotourisme (FFCT – for ‘cyclotourists’ or touring cyclists) works to improve conditions for cyclists the length and breadth France. It is the FFCT that, through the voluntary work undertaken by its clubs, runs randonnées – non-competitive organised rides – that encompass everything from your local fun-run to the prestigious 1,200-kilometre (750-mile) Paris-Brest-Paris.
In parallel, two multi-sport federations also issue cycling licences: the Fédération Sportive et Gymnique du Travail (FSGT – originally a workers’ movement) and L’Union Française des Œuvres Laïques d’Éducation Physique (UFOLEP – originally part of a mass-education movement) let enthusiasts compete in a sporty yet friendly way. Their races differ from the FFC’s in that there are no prizes and these races are generally less expensive to organise.
How clubs work
Meudon cycling club, known as L'ASM Cyclo, is based in an inner suburb of Paris, just a stone’s throw from the upper Chevreuse valley. It’s the cycling arm of the municipal sporting association, known as ASM, that is over 80 years old. It's a classic FFCT clubs.
With a healthy hundred or so members, ASM is perfectly sized: able to host interesting events but not overwhelmed by sheer volume of members and admin. The average age of its members is 50. The youngest is 19 and the oldest, 81. It must also be noted that only five members are women.
Within the ASM, the ‘cyclos’ (FFCT) and the ‘coursiers’ (racers of the FSGT and UFOLEP), mix freely. Cyclos look after the marshaling at the annual ASM race, and the coursiers pitch in on the signposting and scoring at the club’s yearly non-competitive ‘rallyes’ (something resembling a sportive event).
Annual fees are €40, and members benefit from club discounts on kit, as well as partnerships with several bike dealers. There are Sunday rides and training sessions, and the management also organizes a programme that includes weekend activities and week-long getaways. The local town hall puts money in the club's pot in exchange for the help of club members in organizing events.
The club run
Every Sunday, ASM members meet at 8 A.M. on the edge of the Meudon Forest. The club has around 20 routes, which it cycles through in either one direction or the other.
The cyclists divide into three groups, and Group 3 leads out at its habitual pace of 23 km/h (14 mph). We were meant to accompany Group 2, around 50 cyclists rolling at an average of 25 km/h (15.5 mph), but this week most of the regulars are away at the rallye of neighbouring club, Boulogne-Billancourt. So instead we are to join Group 1, made up of around 20 fast cyclos and coursiers who’ve reached the end of their season.
As we get going on the ride – 90 km (56 miles), with a saw-tooth profile – we get to know Christian. He joined the club when trying to get fit again after being hit by a car. Riding with the group helps him push himself, but it also keeps him accountable to getting out of bed in the morning – a motivating factor for a fair number of the members.
After the Côte de la Vacheresse hill, Gille-Antoine tells us about his journey to becoming a member. He’d been looking for people to ride with after getting into cycling while travelling, and Christian had invited him along. Ever since, he makes the trip from Paris every Sunday, and takes pleasure riding fast and without encumbrances. It’s very pleasant riding with a group in which everybody knows each other and knows how to ride together. The strongest wait at the top of hills, but the peloton is pretty uniform. As for the older members, they design an alternative route, away from the steepest hills, that doesn’t take them away from the convivial atmosphere for too long.
Coursiers can be spotted thanks to their deep-section rims. Vincent raced for the club when he was a teenager. Ranked among the best in the region, he quickly became disenchanted when he joined the seniors: the era was not ‘clean’, and the prospect of prize money tempted a few of the local donkeys to use certain ‘products’ to turn themselves into thoroughbreds. Vincent hung up his bike for 20 years, but with the passing of time his desire to ride returned. In the Île-de-France region around Paris there are few pursuits that rival cycling when it comes to getting out of the city and into nature.
We take advantage of a puncture stop to chat to other coursiers, a group of them who will start training again at the start of November and will remain together until racing starts. Meudon is the perfect training ground. Situated next to a ridge it's easy to concoct a weeknight route that takes in thirty or so climbs.
Roland is known to be the only one to “descend in the 11”, and he drags us to the edge of our speed limits. This year, he raced 32 times. He encourages us to give it a try: “Go take a beating in a cat-3 race, you’ll see if it appeals or not. And it’ll give you some pace when you’re doing sportives.”
After a final few bumps, the peloton slowly dissipates. A post-ride drink is not customary, but with a new clubhouse you never know, that might change.
Découvrez cette activité
The “Meudonnais Toboggan”
The Toboggan Meudonnais is the ASM’s annual "rallye". Now on its 38th edition, the perfectly-signposted ride is one of the best known in the Île-de-France. While the route selection – a bit of a ‘Best of’ the Chevreuse valley – and its place on the calendar contribute to this, it’s mainly because of the oysters served at the feed stations that the Toboggan is famous.
No less than 70 volunteers are needed to make the rallye a success. Thankfully, even the least active club members answer the call to signpost the route at more than 100 intersections, manage the pre-dawn sign-on, shuck the oysters, or sort through the thousands of entries and pick out the participants who deserve special mention – the youngest rider or the most experienced, or the best-represented club, for example.
At the Toboggan, as at most rallyes, there are several routes on offer – here 45, 70 and 90 kilometres (28, 43 and 56 miles) – which makes this non-competitive event accessible to as many people as possible. There are small climbers and big hitters, the highly trained and the barely trained, beginners with all the gear and no idea and past masters in tatty old kit.
The oysters surprise more than one participant, and the vegetarians console themselves with Camembert. The jerseys on show reveal the presence of clubs of all types, and from all over the region. There is the Amicale Cyclo de Savigny-sur-Orge, the Entente Sportive de Nanterre, the Rapha Cycling Club, the Sporting de Levallois and even expatriates from the Paris Cycling Group.
The ASM and Strava
ASM’s Strava club was created five years ago by Baptiste Amiet, the current president, at a time when only four riders (all racers) were on Strava. Thanks to virtual club challenges, despite the real-world club’s average age, there are now more than 70 members.
The Strava Club is one step in larger modernisation work: ASM’s website is old, its forum deserted, links broken, and the latest results and reports are no longer put online. Today, the club essentially runs on email, but with 100 members and the different sections, the to-and-fro easily becomes unmanageable. In Baptiste’s view changing this, in order to centralise information, improve participation and attract new faces – is essential. Strava Clubs’ new functionalities should help with this, and at no cost to the club.
Descarga Strava gratis.
Runs a creative studio, ride a few roads and write on the XXIe century in Paris on laconjuration.com
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How We Got From There to Here
January 10, 2016 January 10, 2016 ~ lmickens
In 1848, a wave of democratic revolutions swept across more than fifty nations in Europe and parts of Latin America. Ideas such as nationalism, socialism, and liberalism, as well as growing labor militancy meant that the status quo of royal absolutism was no longer tenable for many Europeans who were restless for social and political change. To make a long story short, the revolutions failed for the most part, leading to the re-entrenchment of reactionary politics across Europe. However, the desire for a definitive end to feudalism and the establishment of liberal democratic nation-states did not end with the defeat of the revolutions of 1848, although it would be almost a century before this dream was realized for most of Western Europe. During this interim period, the Continent experienced numerous uprisings and skirmishes, two world wars, a detour into fascism, the Holocaust, and the largest refugee crisis in human history. The nations of Eastern Europe that had fallen behind the Iron Curtain would have to wait longer for their liberal democratic moment, although it is still very much up for debate whether the post-Soviet period has yielded real liberal democracy for the former Warsaw pact countries.
Whenever the political problems of the Middle East and/or Islamic world are mentioned, I find it odd that the West’s own tortuous path to liberal democracy is largely glossed over, as if one day, all of Western Europe woke up to find constitutional monarchies and well-run social democracies had replaced the feudal system, with no political agitation or social change required. MLK famously asserted, “Freedom is never voluntarily given by the oppressor; it must be demanded by the oppressed,” and this is true regardless of whether the oppressed are black Southerners in the twentieth century or peasants in eighteenth century France. As the failed revolutions of 1848 show, “progress” is never a given, and more often than not, a society can advance in certain aspects, while going backwards in others. It is up to the oppressed to keep agitating, even when the forces of reaction seem to be in an unassailable position.
As I wrote my previous post on Peter Hitchens’ yearning for the “good old days” of the Blitz, I realized that both he and the late Christopher Hitchens both make the mistake of assuming that history is more or less over for the West, to borrow a phrase from Francis Fukuyama. For Peter, the “real England” as embodied by traditional rural life began to decline during the Industrial Revolution, and will probably disappear for good during this century. While England and the West may continue into the future, it will not be the kind of world that Peter is willing to recognize as valid. For Christopher, I get the impression that he thought that the West had reached the maximum level of progress possible, and needed to export these values through the barrel of a gun to recalcitrant Islamists intent on threatening the West. However, like many liberal whites with an inflated view of their own enlightenment, Christopher took offense when he was reminded of his own blind spots, particularly around women, and refused to admit that he could be wrong about anything. If Peter thinks that most Westerners must have been like Thomas Cramner, Christopher seems to have thought that most were like Voltaire. I don’t believe in the “Great Man” view of history, but in terms of Western intellectual history, progress was very much done by a handful of eccentrics, while the bulk of the population engaged in folk magic. The establishment of free and mandatory public education is what helped improve the minds of the European masses, and the bio-medical revolution made going to “cunning men” and other folk magicians less appealing.
It took one hundred years for the countries of Western Europe to establish functioning liberal democracies after the failed revolutions of 1948, with the notable exception of Spain and Portugal, which remained under fascist control under the 1970s. Given the West’s own difficult political evolution, it may take the Middle East one hundred years to shake off Islamism. While Islamism, whether of the ISIS, Wahhabi, Hizbollah, or Houthi variety, may seem to be the only game in town, there are some brave dissenters against religious orthodoxy in the region. “Arabs Without God: Atheism and freedom of belief in the Middle East” by Brian Whitaker provides a fascinating look at atheists, agnostics, and freethinkers in a region where belief is taken for granted. There is no way of knowing exactly how many nonbelievers there are in the region for obvious reasons, but Whitaker quotes a fascinating Gallup poll from 2012 that indicates that 19 percent of Saudis proclaimed themselves “not religious” and 5 percent described themselves as “atheist.” Given that Saudi Arabia is a country that punishes deviation from religious orthodoxy with death, these numbers are nothing short of astonishing. Perhaps these individuals could be the Voltaires, Spinozas, or Diderots of the Middle East.
The history of the world is still being written, with Fukuyama’s post-Cold War predictions about the end being near having been thoroughly discredited. I don’t expect the economic and governance systems that will be employed one hundred years into the future to be similar to what we have today, whether in the West or anywhere else. Hopefully, some kind of linear progress will have been made, but the revolutions of 1848 show that going backwards is just as likely an outcome as going forwards.
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Tebbit v Mowlam
In the red corner we have Mo Mowlam and in the blue corner Norman Tebbit.
These two political heavyweights are going toe to toe on the North East stage.
But in the battle for the audiences former Ulster Secretary Mo is outselling ex-Tory Norman two to one.
She holds court at Alnwick Playhouse, on October 5, followed by Mr Tebbit on October 22.
Billed as Two Points of View - An Audience With, the evenings will give the public a chance to hear from both former ministers on their politics and question them on current issues.
Steve Cowton, Playhouse manager, said: "Mo Mowlam is outselling Norman Tebbit by about two to one now but I'm sure that is just because she is first - I don't want to be accused of political bias."
Tickets from Alnwick Playhouse on (01665) 510 785 for #9 (#8 concession) or #15 for both. Shows start at 7.30pm.
Mo Mowlam
Once described as a national treasure, Mo Mowlam regularly topped the polls as the UK's most popular political figure.
A key member of Tony Blair's Cabinet and Ulster Secretary at a crucially important time in its history. She was replaced by Peter Mandelson in 1999 and became the Cabinet enforcer but called it a day in 2001.
This year the former Newcastle University lecturer took on an unlikely new job - as a sex expert on lads' magazine Zoo.
She is used to causing controversy - she called on the British and US governments to open talks with Osama bin Laden and al Qaeda.
Her straight-talking remarks have included saying that she was "no great fan of the Royals" and admitting trying pot.
Of Blair she says: "He's screwed up badly over the war as well as other things which he hasn't delivered. But give me another person who would be as good or charismatic a leader as him. I can't think of one."
Known as the Chingford Skinhead, Norman Beresford Tebbit was a political polecat.
Now 73, the former MP for Chingford was a member of Margaret Thatcher's inner sanctum.
Originally a journalist on the Financial Times, he entered politics in 1970 and was a close ally of the Iron lady, serving as her Secretary of State for Employment, Secretary of State for Trade & Industry and President of the Board of Trade in the 80s.
In the Brighton hotel bombing he was injured and his wife, Margaret, was permanently disabled.
He is an extreme Eurosceptic and was quoted as saying: "Parliament must not be told a direct untruth, but it's quite possible to allow them to mislead themselves."
Norman Tebbit decided not to stand in the 1992 General Election. Instead, he was granted a peerage and entered the House of Lords.


Artwork by Sandbox Studio, Chicago
By Caitlyn Buongiorno
In 1916, Albert Einstein published his theory of general relativity, which established the modern view of gravity as a warping of the fabric of spacetime. The theory predicted that objects that interact with gravity could disturb that fabric, sending ripples across it.
Any object that interacts with gravity can create gravitational waves. But only the most catastrophic cosmic events make gravitational waves powerful enough for us to detect. Now that observatories have begun to record gravitational waves on a regular basis, scientists are discussing how dark matter—only known so far to interact with other matter only through gravity—might create gravitational waves strong enough to be found.
The spacetime blanket
In the universe, space and time are invariably linked as four-dimensional spacetime. For simplicity, you can think of spacetime as a blanket suspended above the ground. Jupiter might be a single Cheerio on top of that blanket. The sun could be a tennis ball. R136a1—the most massive known star—might be a 40-pound medicine ball.
Each of these objects weighs down the blanket where it sits: the heavier the object, the bigger the dip in the blanket. Like objects of different weights on a blanket, objects of different masses have different effects on the fabric of spacetime. A dip in spacetime is gravitational field.
The gravitational field of one object can affect another object. The other object might fall into the first object’s gravitational field and orbit around it, like the moon around Earth, or Earth around the sun.
Alternatively, two bodies with gravitational fields might spiral toward each other, getting closer and closer until they collide. As this happens, they create ripples in spacetime—gravitational waves.
On September 14, 2015, scientists used the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory, or LIGO, to make the first direct observation of gravitational waves, part of the buildup to the crash between two massive black holes.
Since that first detection, the LIGO collaboration—together with the collaboration that runs a partner gravitational-wave observatory called Virgo—has detected gravitational waves from at least 10 more mergers of black holes and, in 2017, the first merger between two neutron stars.
Dark matter is believed to be five times as prevalent as visible matter. Its gravitational effects are seen throughout the universe. Scientists think they have yet to definitively see gravitational waves caused by dark matter, but they can think of numerous ways this might happen.
Primordial black holes
Scientists have seen the gravitational effects of dark matter, so they know it must be there—or at least, something must be going on to cause those effects. But so far, they’ve never directly detected a dark matter particle, so they’re not sure exactly what dark matter is like.
One idea is that some of the dark matter could actually be primordial black holes.
Imagine the universe as an infinitely large petri dish. In this scenario, the Big Bang is the point where matter-bacteria begins to grow. That point quickly expands, moving outward to encompass more and more of the petri dish. If that growth is slightly uneven, certain areas will become more densely inhabited by matter than others.
These pockets of dense matter—mostly photons at this point in the universe—might have collapsed under their own gravity and formed early black holes.
“I think it’s an interesting theory, as interesting as a new kind of particle,” says Yacine Ali-Haimoud, an assistant professor of physics at New York University. “If primordial black holes do exist, it would have profound implications on the conditions in the very early universe.”
By using gravitational waves to learn about the properties of black holes, LIGO might be able to prove or constrain this dark matter theory.
Unlike normal black holes, primordial black holes don’t have a minimum mass threshold they need to reach in order to form. If LIGO were to see a black hole less massive than the sun, for example, it might be a primordial black hole.
Even if primordial black holes do exist, it’s doubtful that they account for all of the dark matter in the universe. Still, finding proof of primordial black holes would expand our fundamental understanding of dark matter and how the universe began.
Neutron star rattles
Dark matter seems to interact with normal matter only through gravity, but, based on the way known particles interact, theorists think it’s possible that dark matter might also interact with itself.
If that is the case, dark matter particles might bind together to form dark objects that are as compact as a neutron star.
We know that stars drastically “weigh down” the fabric of spacetime around them. If the universe were populated with compact dark objects, there would be a chance that at least some of them would end up trapped inside of ordinary matter stars.
A normal star and a dark object would interact only through gravity, allowing the two to co-exist without much of a fuss. But any disruption to the star—for example, a supernova explosion—could create a rattle-like disturbance between the resulting neutron star and the trapped dark object. If such an event occurred in our galaxy, it would create detectable gravitational waves
“We understand neutron stars quite well,” says Sanjay Reddy, University of Washington physics professor and senior fellow with the Institute for Nuclear Theory. “If something ‘odd’ happens with gravitational waves, we would know there was potentially something new going on that might involve dark matter.”
The likelihood that any exist in our solar system is limited. Chuck Horowitz, Maria Alessandra Papa and Reddy recently analyzed LIGO’s data and found no indication of compact dark objects of a specific mass range within Earth, Jupiter or the sun.
Further gravitational-wave studies could place further constraints on compact dark objects. “Constraints are important,” says Ann Nelson, a physics professor at the University of Washington. “They allow us to improve existing theories and even formulate new ones.”
Axion stars
One light dark matter candidate is the axion, named by physicist Frank Wilczek after a brand of detergent, in reference to its ability to tidy up a problem in the theory of quantum chromodynamics.
Scientists think it could be possible for axions to bind together into axion stars, similar to neutron stars but made up of extremely compact axion matter.
“If axions exist, there are scenarios where they can cluster together and form stellar objects, like ordinary matter,” says Tim Dietrich, a LIGO-Virgo member and physicist. “We don’t know if axion stars exist, and we won’t know for sure until we find constraints for our models.”
If an axion star merged with a neutron star, scientists might not be able to tell the difference between the two with their current instruments. Instead, scientists would need to rely on electromagnetic signals accompanying the gravitational wave to identify the anomaly.
It’s also possible that axions could bunch around a binary black hole or neutron star system. If those stars then merged, the changes in the axion “cloud” would be visible in the gravitational wave signal. A third possibility is that axions could be created by the merger, an action that would be reflected in the signal.
This month, the LIGO-Virgo collaborations began their third observing run and, with new upgrades, expect to detect a merger event every week.
Gravitational-wave detectors have already proven their worth in confirming Einstein’s century-old prediction. But there is still plenty that studying gravitational waves can teach us. “Gravitational waves are like a completely new sense for science,” Ali-Haimoud says. “A new sense means new ways to look at all the big questions in physics.”
A radio for dark matter
Instead of searching for dark matter particles, a new device will search for dark matter waves.


Chin up, road warriors
by Vault Consulting Editors | April 30, 2008
Today's New York Times discusses how airports are now concerned with making passengers' experiences more palatable. This is a welcome effort, considering the ever-increasing wave of delays, cancellations and other disruptions in flight schedules. It's especially good news for consultants who find themselves constantly on the go (and also for aviation consultants, who have a big job ahead of them in helping to appease aggravated travelers).
As some consolation, airports have been adding amenities like spas, fitness centers and walk-in medical clinics - these are great features if you're intent on spending a great deal of time in an airport. But what people really want to do is get out of the airport as fast as possible, so airports are also (finally) starting to address the issue of inefficiencies in the check-in and security process. In its new American Airlines terminal, Kennedy Airport added two additional luggage scanners and integrated them into a baggage-handling system so passengers no longer have to carry their bags to the scanner. Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International is working to improve its "people mover" rail system; over the next three years, the airport hopes to have the system running 15 seconds faster than it runs now (every 105 seconds).
But before you get excited about all of these improvements, William R. DeCota, director of aviation for the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey, said most problems passengers encounter at airports won't be permanently fixed until airspace issues are resolved. Until then, plan on a workout, a quick massage and taking a stroll around the in-house art exhibit before your flight actually takes off.
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