Mid-Days with Jen AustinMid-Days with Jen Austin
35 Years Ago: Pink Floyd’s Richard Wright Goes Pop With Zee
Harvest/EMI
The only album released by Richard Wright’s band Zee will be remastered 35 years after its arrival. Sadly, the late Pink Floyd keyboardist isn't here to see if this synth-pop detour receives a better welcome than it did in 1984.
Zee was a short-lived collaboration between Wright and Dave Harris, frontman of the New Romantic band Fashion, and Identity was their only release. Based heavily on the Fairlight CMI, then a cutting-edge synthesizer and audio workstation, its electronic sound failed to inspire fans of either parent band, and it sank without trace. Later, even Wright called it an “experimental mistake.”
The partnership was formed after Harris left Fashion in 1982, and was told by saxophonist Raff Ravenscroft that Wright was in a similar position. “Raff mentioned that Rick had been fired by the band, and Rick was looking to set up a new band,” Harris told A Fleeting Glimpse in 2018. “When we got back to London, I met up with Rick, Raff and some other musicians who had been selected. From here we had two or three rehearsals. The other musicians were mainly session guys and had a heavy workload. Therefore the number of players started to change every time due to their work constraints. … I suggested we did the album as a two-piece, and worried about the players when we came to gig. Rick agreed and the plan was set.”
Harris moved into Wright’s home to be closer to the studio where the Fairlight could be used. “We spent hours and hours just experimenting with it at first,” Wright said soon after the record’s release. “The great thing about the Fairlight is that every time you go back to it, you learn something else. We had to get control over it though, because it would have been very easy just to have ended up making funny noises.”
“Rick wanted to take a more modern approach to this new album,” Harris added, noting that the keyboardist was going through “an insecure period in his life.” Ultimately, that meant Wright abandoned plans to sing lead vocals. “I came up with the name Zee after the album was recorded," Harris said. "I just liked the sound of it and the look; Identity was a good name because of the two different characters involved."
Whatever he came to think of it, the album offered Wright a rare moment to work outside the confines of his legacy with Pink Floyd. "For me it is exciting working with Dave because there were things that he was doing that I had not done before and vice versa," he once mused. "I think that Zee has given us musical opportunities that quite frankly neither of us were able to explore in our previous groups."
Listen to Zee Perform 'Confusion'
Harris told A Fleeting Glimpse that he'd been unaware of the LP’s poor reception on release, only discovering it as social media expanded. At the same time, however, he said easier global communication meant Harris heard from others who actually loved Identity. “Rick wanted to do a follow up album straight away,” Harris said. “I had been offered a co-production of an album for another artist [and] I took the production job. Obviously, I wasn’t as financially well off as Rick, and couldn’t afford to take another year off writing a new album.”
Wright didn't issue another solo album for 12 years, and by then he'd already served a stint with David Gilmour and Nick Mason with a reunited Pink Floyd. In keeping, Broken China focused on more typical prog sounds, rather than the synthy experiments of Identity. "We made the whole record on the Fairlight, which was an amazing machine at the time," Wright told M. Blake in 1996, "but which now seems rather dated."
Identity remains, Harris admits, a product of its era. “The main thing I wish is that the Fairlight wasn’t so strong in the compositions," he told A Fleeting Glimpse. "Having said that, it was the keyboard and the new sound and sequencer of the time, so that’s that. I wish Rick had been up to singing some lead vocals, and writing some lyrics.”
The remastered, extended version of Identity – which Burning Shed describes as “one of the most intriguing pop music partnerships of the 1980s” – will be released on May 24. Harris is thrilled with the results: “The digitalization and subsequent EQing has brought out a lot of frequencies," he said in a news release, "especially bottom end which have become available because of the new amazing software plugins that are available."
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Next: Top 10 Richard Wright Pink Floyd Songs
Source: 35 Years Ago: Pink Floyd’s Richard Wright Goes Pop With Zee
Filed Under: Pink Floyd, Richard Wright
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Daily Content Archive as of Tuesday, July 3, 2018
(as of Tuesday, July 3, 2018)
soul-searching
Definition: (noun) A penetrating examination of one's motives, convictions, and attitudes.
Synonyms: self-analysis
Usage: Mary's therapist told her she was going to have to be introspective and do much soul-searching if she hoped to learn what was at the root of her depression.
The past simple tense (also called the simple past tense, or simply the past simple) is used to express completed actions. The past simple is often used with what other part of speech?	More...
In Hinduism, Maya is recognized as a powerful force that creates the cosmic illusion that the phenomenal world is real. Seeing through the illusion is seen as a path to liberating the soul. Originally, the word was used to refer to the wizardry with which a god can make humans believe in an illusion. Maya is also the name of the Hindu goddess of illusion, and because of this association, it is a common girl's name in India. What other religion regards the physical world as illusory and unreal?	More...
Quebec City Founded by Samuel de Champlain (1608)
Frenchman Samuel de Champlain founded Quebec City as a trading post at the confluence of the St. Lawrence and St. Charles rivers. From this and subsequent settlements Catholic missionaries, explorers, and fur traders pushed across N America. Begun with just 32 colonists, the city is now home to about 500,000. Most residents are of French descent, despite the fact that the area was ceded to the British in 1763. Because many continental explorations began in the region, Quebec is known as what?	More...
Alfred Habdank Skarbek Korzybski (1879)
Korzybski was a Polish-American linguist who developed a school of thought known as general semantics. He aimed to distinguish between words and the objects they describe, as well as between individual objects all described by the same word. He stressed the arbitrary nature of language and other symbols and the problems that result from misunderstanding their nature. Why did Korzybski once trick his students into eating dog biscuits during a lecture?	More...
Examine your words well, and you will find that even when you have no motive to be false, it is a very hard thing to say the exact truth, even about your own immediate feelings.
George Eliot (1819-1880)
cool customer
— Someone who remains even-tempered, especially in stressful situations. More...
Zambia Unity Day (2018)
Because Zambia is composed of several different tribal groups, the founders of the country promoted the idea of national unity as a means to keep the young nation from falling apart. Zambia Unity Day was created to help foster solidarity between the diverse groups that make up the country. The slogan "One Zambia, One Nation" is used to signify the goal of the holiday. Remembrance speeches on Unity Day stress that people of varying backgrounds and political beliefs had come together to work for Zambian independence. More...
Today's topic: sending
granulated sugar - So called because the last step in processing white table sugar is sending it through a granulator, where it is dried and formed into tiny grains. More...
mission - First denoted sending the Holy Spirit into the world, from Latin mittere, "send." More...
perennial - First meant "remaining leafy throughout the year"; plants living three or more years—dying aboveground and sending up fresh growth every year—are perennials. More...
radio - An abbreviation of radiotelegraphy, the sending of messages by electromagnetic rays. More...


June 25, 2019 / mascara / 0 Comments
Jungle Without Water and Other Stories
by Sreedhevi Iyer
Gazebo Books
Reviewed by MATTHEW da SILVA
The good things in this collection of short stories, Jungle Without Water, are very good indeed. But before talking about some of them in detail I want to briefly touch on the major theme of this book, which is the migrant experience in many of its different phases. In each of the stories mentioned in this review the main subject of the work is the way that people fit into society when they, or their antecedents, come from somewhere else. In some of the stories the main characters are people from India living in Malaysia but the title story, for example, takes as its subject an Indian student living in Brisbane, in Australia.
While it’s easy to thus find a unifying theme for the book, the narratives Iyer creates are not totally dominated by it. The clash of identity and custom that in one of her stories troubles an Indian-Malay living in Kuala Lumpur might be equally relevant for an Anglo businessman living in a house in the eastern suburbs of Sydney. In fact, where Iyer stumbles it is where the standard postcolonial narrative gains unnecessary prominence and politics overshadows art. The best stories here focus on the seeming-random details of lived experience.
The second story in the collection, which is titled ‘The Lovely Village’, is written as a fairytale and it takes as its subject the treatment of migrants who want to come into a village where there is equality for all. This story stood out for me in that it seemed not to be as deeply rooted in lived experience as the other stories in the book, and I found it to be rather weak in conception and lacking in the kind of impact that characterises many of the other stories.
After finishing several of the stories I felt a physical thrill on the skin of my neck, which is always a sign to me that the work I have just completed was particularly successful. I more often get this kind of sensation when reading a good short story or a good poem, as such methods of storytelling tend to conclude on a strong tonic note that reverberates once the final word has been consumed. Novels do not usually finish in this way and their impact tends to be spread out over longer stretches of text, with less sudden impact.
The first story in the collection, which I have already mentioned, is its title story. It deals with a young man named Jogi who is living in the Queensland capital with the aim of studying at university. His links with his family back in India remain strong, and one day after he has arrived in Australia his mother, who has stayed behind in his homeland, asks him to say a prayer for her husband who has to undertake a transfer for work. She is worried about how the transfer will affect Jogi’s father and family tradition maintains that prayers Jogi says are particularly effective.
Jogi relies on his friend Sandeep, who has lived in Brisbane for three weeks longer than Jogi, to help him carry out his assigned task. They visit a holy man in a place of worship in multicultural Brisbane but when Jogi sits down to pray nothing comes out of his mouth. They visit another holy place, this time one run by Westerners who follow Krishna, and they tell him that the particular prayer he wants to say is not permitted. Once again Jogi leaves a place where he should have been able to perform his familial duty, without being able to do so. He eventually fulfils his obligation but it happens, almost by accident, with the aid of a teenage girl who does nothing more than talk to Jogi one day on the street.
I won’t say anything more, as I feel as though I have already given away more than I should, but I felt that this story served to say important things about multiculturalism and about the migrant experience, things that other types of document would struggle to say. The words of the title, “a jungle without water”, pop up at two places in the story and they function to bring together disparate parts of the narrative, making the interstices between things so narrow that what happens seems like fate. This is an elegant story that functions to convey truths about immigration in a way that everybody can understand.
The context of that story is local for an Australian and so the way into the narrative was easier for me than it was in some of the other stories in the collection, for example ‘The Man With Two Wives’. This story is focalised entirely through the consciousness of a Indian-Malay who runs shops in Malaysia retailing food and it is written using the kind of language that the man, who is not badly educated but who uses Malay, Indian, and English words in his daily conversations, would normally employ. It is a small tour-de-force that says much about the culture that underpins the story. You feel as though you know this man well and when you hear his story of starting a course of study in accountancy, and there meeting a young woman named Lata, you get to experience his feelings in a way that vividly brings his world to life.
The protagonist is never named and neither is his wife. His daughter is Malathi and she ends up gaining prominence at the end of the story. His relationship with Lata, which causes so many tongues in his town to wag, is one of great importance to the protagonist and it is clear that while he married for the sole purpose of satisfying his mother’s wishes, with Lata things are different. His wife is only interested in buying gold jewellery and sarees, but Lata listens to what he has to say and her attention serves to justify an interior existence that the man’s daily business and family life does little to fulfil.
One day, the protagonist attends a job interview that Lata has encouraged him to go to. He enters a tall building by the sea and sits down in a room in front of a group of men, one of whom is a Westerner. The way his wife and the way Lata behave once the interview is over, however, tell him things about his world that he didn’t understand before. This is an effective, thoughtful, and powerful work of fiction that efficiently performs the tasks the author has set for it.
I will take a quick look at one other story in the collection, and it is also one that appears in the first half of the book. This is ‘Green Grass’, and it deals with a man named Mohan and his wife, who is a Westerner named Rachel, who come back to India to visit family. The event is an important one for the whole village where Mohan grew up. The way people living in the village treat Rachel, because of where she comes from and because of her relationship with her husband, contains the dramatic material the story relies on to communicate its messages about globalisation. It is focalised entirely through the consciousness of one of the villagers.
Each of these stories is different from the others in so many ways: in the way the narrative evolves, in the kinds of characters portrayed, and in the plot devices that each relies on to fulfil its purpose. There is a wry and knowing candour in many of Iyer’s stories. It not only helps to give the reader confidence in the author’s sincerity and intelligence but it also, paradoxically, allows Iyer to set herself apart from the drama and to view the events that unfold with a dispassionate eye. Even as you sense she cares very much about her creations, she also situates herself at a certain distance from them as they go about their business in her narratives. And despite their differences, each story mentioned here is excellent because it communicates a large amount of information in a small space.
I found other stories in Jungle Without Water to be less powerful than these and there are others too that I have not mentioned that I also thought good. There is plenty in this collection, which was first published two years ago, for any reader, and especially for an Australian one. After all, we are living in an Asian nation.
I want to finish with a note about the cover illustration used for the book. The watercolour employed is by Julian Meagher and his gallerist is Edwina Corlette, who has her shop, appropriately for the collection, in Brisbane.
With my mother I lived up north for five-and-a-half years. On one occasion I drove her when she was elderly down to the capital to see Corlette’s shop. Corlette’s parents had lived in the same suburb in Sydney where I grew up and she remembered mum because of our family’s gift shop. In fact everybody living there knew about Miss Phyllis Caldecott’s Home Accessories – the name used for the shop was my paternal grandmother’s – and we did a roaring trade at Christmastime, when people give presents to family members and to friends. Among the items mum and granny sold in large numbers were Indian cotton print dresses; this was the 60s and these kinds of garments were all the rage.
The use of Meagher’s painting for this collection seemed to me to be something, therefore, like fate, like what happens in its title story. A small sign of a kind you sometimes come across telling you that there are things in the world that cannot be understood entirely through reason.
MATTHEW da SILVA is a journalist and writer who lives in Sydney.


Bill O’Reilly Covered Falklands War From “Expense Account Zone” Says Fellow CBS News Correspondent Eric Engberg
By Lisa de Moraes
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“It was not a war zone or even close. It was an ‘expense account zone’,” former CBS News correspondent Eric Jon Engberg says of Bill O’Reilly’s time in Buenos Aires covering the Falklands War. Engberg jumped into the fracas between the Fox News Channel star and Mother Jones, which this week published an article, “Bill O’Reilly Has His Own Brian Williams Problem.” NBC News has suspended Williams for six months while it continues to investigate the degree to which Williams misrepresented his experiences covering various breaking news stories for NBC including the Iraq War, Hurricane Katrina and other situations, including gifts he said, in talk show appearances, he received from members of the military. In the article, Mother Jones questions O’Reilly’s descriptions of some of his experiences as a CBS News correspondent covering the 1982 Falklands War between Great Britain and Argentina.
CBS News has now been dragged into the controversy – Fox News says it’s contacted the news division and asked them to release the footage in question.
Meanwhile, Fox News said this afternoon in a statement O’Reilly will address Engberg’s claims on Fox News Channel’s Mediabuzz program tomorrow. FNC also said The O’Reilly Factor asked Engberg to appear on his Monday show but he declined.
Here is Engberg’s Facebook post about being in Buenos Aires with O’Reilly covering the Falklands War for CBS News:


Guidance for Resilience Planning
This diagram outlines the key steps in Second Nature’s framework for resilience planning. See the Commitments Implementation Handbook for an example timeline for completing these steps for the Climate or Resilience Commitment.
Second Nature’s framework encourages schools to not only assess and reduce vulnerability, but also to assess and enhance overall resilience and adaptive capacity. Campuses should go beyond managing extreme and potentially catastrophic events; they should proactively plan for preferable futures.
These key steps appear to be separate and linear components of resilience assessment and planning. In reality this is an iterative process, and campuses may be working on several steps at once.
Campus Community Task Force
It is not possible to be a resilient campus without being part of a resilient community. All campuses interact with some form of external community and share resources across campus-community boundaries. A requirement of the Climate and Resilience Commitments is to coordinate resilience planning and implementation with the community.
Many cities, towns, and neighborhoods already have resilience-focused efforts in place. Some may already have existing Resilience Plans. Campuses are not required to write a resilience plan for their town or city, however it is important to be aware of efforts happening in the community and understand how they may align with campus goals and progress.
In some cases campuses may comprise the majority of a town’s population and resources. If they have the capacity to do so, colleges or universities can choose to create a joint campus-community resilience plan that includes shared goals and indicators.
It is up to each campus to set the boundaries of what they consider their “community,” and to determine the best way to coordinate around climate resilience.
This document provides guidance on how to develop a Campus-Community Structure:
Working with the Community on Resilience: Campus-Community Structure
Resilience Assessment
The resilience assessment is meant to provide a baseline of current resilience activities on campus and in the community, develop initial indicators of resilience through a multi-stakeholder process, and identify current vulnerabilities related to climate change.
Key steps in a resilience assessment include:
Understand strengths and assets on campus, in the community, and across both.
Understand weaknesses and vulnerabilities on campus, in the community, and across both. This includes climate change hazards, impacts, and existing conditions that may be exacerbated by climate change or affect a school and community’s capacity to cope and adapt.
Develop initial indicators of resilience that help benchmark current status as well as identify where a campus and/or community hopes to improve capacity in the future.
Identify key overlaps and gaps between the campus and community assets and vulnerabilities.
There are many approaches to completing an initial campus-community resilience assessment. Schools should tailor the comprehensiveness of their assessment to the capacity of the staff or committees doing the work. For the purposes of fulfilling the Climate or Resilience Commitments, the assessment could be part of a short workshop, a series of longer workshops, interviews and surveys across the campus and community, or part of a different process the campus develops.
Whether campuses are organizing a workshop, conducting surveys, or developing a different process to complete the Resilience Assessment, it is important to incorporate the views of a wide range of stakeholders. Capturing input from many stakeholders will help campuses understand all the dimensions of resilience, ensure no major vulnerabilities are left out of the assessment, and identify a broader range of opportunities.
This document includes examples of campus and community stakeholders to consider as part of the Resilience Assessment:
Identifying Stakeholders
Workshop Exercise Idea:
As part of a workshop, ask people to write down their ideas of strengths, assets, and vulnerabilities on sticky notes and place them on a large poster. After the initial ideas are there, participants can use colored dots to vote on which ones they agree with. This is a great way to engage a diversity of participants and get very different ideas of what people consider to be assets or vulnerabilities.
This document provides guidance on completing an initial campus-community resilience assessment and filling out the Resilience Assessment report in the Reporting Platform. It includes examples of completed assessments and additional ideas for indicators and metrics:
How to Conduct a Campus-Community Resilience Assessment
Strengths and Assets
Second Nature recommends that campuses begin the resilience assessment process by identifying current strengths, capacities, and existing resilience activities. This process may also include envisioning ideal future scenarios, so that campuses and communities have an idea of what a preferable future might look like.
Why lead with strengths?
Many planning efforts for resilience begin with a vulnerability assessment. If campuses already have a vulnerability assessment, great! It is perfectly fine to begin with this. However, Second Nature advocates beginning with existing strengths, assets, and capacities for a couple reasons:
Starting with vulnerabilities means decisions tend to focus on reducing negatives. This can limit the opportunity to create more rounded, long-term, multi-faceted and ongoing resilience efforts across the campus and community.
When campuses address vulnerability before considering where the campus and community want to be in the future, they tend to assess future vulnerability based on current systems and infrastructure. For example, planning for the level of heat waves expected in 20 years should be in the context of the civic and campus systems expected in 20 years.
In other words, focusing on building a resilient system can be more beneficial than reducing individual vulnerabilities.
Strengths and assets include features, capacities, characteristics, and resources that will help a campus and its community cope with climate change. The strengths and assets that the campus and community identify during the assessment are likely characteristics that should be continually reinforce and improved going forward (e.g. wage equality, recreational space that also protects against flooding, a healthy community). These strengths and assets will help the campus and community adapt and thrive in the face of climate impacts.
Ideal Future Scenarios
Campuses may choose to incorporate scenario planning exercises as part of the initial Resilience Assessment as a method to envision ideal future scenarios. This can help create a shared understanding of the type of future that is desirable for the campus and/or community. Scenario planning enables a campus and community to explore a range of futures and weigh the associated opportunities, benefits, challenges, and expected vulnerabilities. It can help bring to light common values, and identify a positive vision for the future. However, this is not required to implement the Climate or Resilience Commitment.
Many communities have already been through scenario planning exercises. In this case campuses can use the information to inform resilience planning. If the scenario process did not involve the college or university campus, schools may want to organizing their own campus version to assess the role of the institution in the future of the community.
If a community has not already been through a scenario-driven process, it is recommended to spend some time considering what an ideal future may look like. This could be a brief “visioning exercise” as part of a resilience workshop, or it may be a more in-depth process itself. There is no single way to complete future scenario planning. Below are some steps that can be included.
Tip: Clearly articulate the end goal for the process and be clear about the geographic boundaries.
Example: we want to focus on scenarios for 2030, create several scenarios and compare futures while keeping options open. This will be for the campus and city.
Example: we want to create several scenarios and converge on one main scenario. This is just for the campus.
Instead of starting with the whole community or campus, it’s possible to start with being a ’water resilient city’ or a ‘transportation resilient city’. While Second Nature encourages systems thinking, beginning with one theme will still touch on many of the areas of resilience capacity. This may be a more manageable process for those who are new to this effort.
Suggested steps for Ideal Future Scenario Planning
Identify the stakeholders and ensure there is a communication plan to reach them.
While the process should be inclusive with underrepresented groups present, there is also appropriate balance between inclusivity and too large a group to be productive. Some schools organize a series of stakeholder meetings, and some do just one or two workshops. Schools should decide based on staff, budget and the amount of joint effort possible with the city or community.
Set a timeline for the scenario process.
Create a ‘business-as-usual’ scenario.
Before the workshop, create a scenario that includes a future campus and/or community that reflects development continuing as expected, demographics shifting as expected, and climate changing as expected.
Hold the scenario workshop(s).
There are many ways to do this, but consider starting by understanding what the participants think are strongly-held community values. This can include asking some either/or questions to gauge priorities. The answers may start to yield insights about whether there is more focus on economic development, natural resource conservation, social enhancement, etc.
Create the scenarios.
Use the information gathered during the workshop(s) to generate one or more future scenarios. This may be an opportunity to utilize experts at the college or university. What are the high priorities of the future scenarios? What policies would support these priorities? What are some of the implications for the campus and community?
At this point, campuses should share the ideal scenario(s) back with the community. Now that there is a vision for the future, campuses can assess specific threats to achieving that vision. This likely includes climate changes and associated vulnerabilities that may impact the feasibility of the ideal scenario.
Arizona State University included a future visioning exercise as part of the Resilience Assessment. This blog post briefly describes how a shared vision was created and incorporated into the Resilience Assessment process.
Campuses also need to identify weaknesses, and current and future vulnerabilities to climate change. This includes vulnerabilities both on campus, in the community, and across both. The weaknesses or vulnerabilities identified will be things to reduce or eliminate going forward (e.g. residents in floodplains, lack of weatherization of community housing, obesity, poor air quality days). Vulnerabilities may include direct hazards from the changing climate (such as drought, heat waves, and severe storms), and impacts from climate change or related events (such as infrastructure failure and disease outbreak). They may also include existing factors that are exacerbated by the effects of climate change, or that reduce a campus and community’s ability to cope and respond positively.
Assessing Vulnerability
For the initial resilience assessment, some campuses may choose to focus on a high level understanding of vulnerabilities from the experience of various stakeholders, while some may complete a more in-depth vulnerability analysis. Both of these strategies are important. Campus and community stakeholders will understand vulnerabilities from their own perspectives and experiences, which helps ensure the needs of all community members are included. At the same time it may be necessary to complement this with a data-driven approach to further capture vulnerabilities. The exact extent of the vulnerability assessment will depend on campus capacity. A campus may also do an initial review of vulnerability towards the beginning of the resilience planning process, and complete a more detailed vulnerability assessment later as it incorporate resilience into a Climate Action Plan.
Schools can look at past weather and climate events along with other stressors the community has experienced and do a preliminary analysis of impacts. Most communities will have events in the last couple decades to draw on – from snow emergencies to flooding, storms, and heat waves. Non-climate events such as widespread power outages or transportation failures can also be instructive.
Campuses likely have faculty who study local events and their impacts and who can assist in providing data and information. This analysis is also a great opportunity for student projects and engagement. Schools should enlist as much help as possible from across the campus and community, drawing on existing data sets and input from experts.
Example questions to assess impact:
If there have been heatwaves – are there particularly affected neighborhoods? what was the additional death rate? is that changing over time between different events? what was the lost income (not just damage cost)? Was there associated loss of power or public transportation? Was there damage to roads or transmission lines? Was there habitat impact? Are there policy changes as a result?
Anticipating Climate Changes
There are many resources that project climate changes in the United States. Federal and state-level resources are a good place to start. Second Nature provides projected climate changes by region from the U.S. National Climate Assessment (NCA). This includes climate information from observed (recent) trends, near-term projections, and future projections out to 2100. It also provides information for several different emissions scenarios.
The information in the NCA and other government sources is unlikely to be as granular as the city scale. Schools may feel that this data is not detailed enough and seek out projections that are higher resolution and include a specific number instead of a range. A word of caution on this: High resolution future climate projections are not always supported by the science. Specific future values imply accuracy in prediction, which the scientific community does not currently have. Campus vulnerability assessments will need to incorporate some degree of uncertainty in projections. Framing the process as building overall resilience capacity (instead of responding to a specific expected climate change) can help reduce vulnerability to a range of possible impacts.
Initial Indicators of Resilience
A resilience assessment should help institutions understand where the campus and community currently stand, and lay the groundwork to develop a Climate Action Plan that incorporates resilience. Indicators and metrics are an important part of this process. In this guidance Second Nature considers indicators to be features or characteristics of the campus and/or community that the school wishes to assess. Metrics are specific values or data points that can describe the indicator, and can be measured to show progress over time. There may be many metrics that can measure and illustrate the status of any given indicator.
Because resilience relates to all aspects of a campus and community, Second Nature asks schools to consider each of these five dimensions of resilience:
Social Equity & Governance
Social Equity and Governance refers to the systems of governance on campus and in the community, levels of engagement among campus and community members, and the capacity of different groups to adapt and respond to climate change. This includes leadership, transparency and accountability, and communication across stakeholders both on campus and in the community. Campuses should consider the social fabric of the campus-community, education levels and opportunities, active networks among different groups in the campus-community, and social justice dynamics.
Health and Wellness refers to the ability of different groups on campus and in the community to fulfill their basic needs. This includes access to healthcare, food, water, housing, and sanitation. Campuses should consider the availability and affordability of healthcare, including emergency medical care capacity, food and potable water, and secure housing. Campuses should consider indicators for health & wellness both on an ongoing basis and in the case of emergencies or severe climate-related impacts.
Ecosystem Services refers to the environmental systems and services present in the campus-community. This may include the natural and geographic features of the region, city or town, and neighborhood. Campuses should consider natural assets such as tree canopy, undeveloped floodplains, air quality, and biodiversity. Campuses should also consider systems in place to govern or protect these assets, such as conservation easements, recreation parks, and rainwater management systems.
Infrastructure refers to the physical structures built, owned, managed, and/or used by the campus-community. It also includes systems such as communication and public transportation. Infrastructure is often the most intuitive dimension of resilience, and many resilience assessments and plans tend to focus on physical infrastructure. Campuses should consider transportation systems, buildings, communication technology, and key features in the area such as bridges and dams.
Economic refers to the financial ability of the campus and community to proactively adapt to changing climate conditions and to respond positively to climate change events. This may include high-level trends such as GDP and unemployment rates, and more campus-specific indicators such as the existence of a climate adaptation fund. Campuses should consider the diversity of the campus-community’s local economy, availability of tax or other financial incentives to increase resilience, and levels of financial planning for emergencies.
Reporting on Indicators for the Resilience Assessment
Second Nature asks institutions to report on at least one indicator per dimension for the initial campus-community resilience assessment. The goal is to consider the entire social, environmental, and economic system that the campus is part of. The indicators for the Resilience Assessment are initial. Some of them may be strengths or capacities that were identified during the assessment process, and some may be vulnerabilities that need to be addressed. Institutions may also identify indicators that they wish to understand better but do not currently have all of the data on. In this case, they may report on the metrics that they plan to measure in the future.
Example Indicators and Potential Metrics of Resilience
Incorporating Resilience into the Climate Action Plan
After completing the initial campus-community resilience assessment, schools need to develop a Climate Action Plan (CAP) that includes goals for increasing resilience. While schools may create a separate resilience plan, Second Nature recommends folding resilience objectives into the overall sustainability approach. The end result should be an integrated CAP that includes emissions mitigation along with adaptation and resilience.
Many principles of planning for resilience are the same as planning for carbon neutrality, however campuses with existing CAPS should revisit their plans to ensure objectives are aligned and up to date. Consider whether or not the goals outlined for emissions reductions fit with increasing resilience. This may require amending some of the existing goals. The intent with this planning work is that it allows the campus (and community) systems to become more integrated and to reduce emissions while also enhancing the adaptability of the system.
As with the Resilience Assessment, there is no single correct process for incorporating resilience into a CAP. Campuses should use the outcomes from the Resilience Assessment process to select and prioritize actions, set measurable goals and targets, and identify strategies for implementation. For campuses that developed a shared future vision, consider what action steps need to be taken to achieve the desired future while moderating climate risks.
This document outlines how to incorporate resilience goals into CAPs, and how to complete the resilience portion of the Climate Action Plan report.
How to Report on Resilience Goals in a Climate Action Plan
Prioritizing Action Steps
Resilience can be a broad topic that touches on every aspect of the campus and community; schools will likely need to narrow down actions from a long list of potential focus areas. The scope of resilience in a campus’ CAP should reflect the capabilities of the school. This means that campuses will need to prioritize actions and initiatives that address the most pressing vulnerabilities.
There are many strategies institutions can use to organize and prioritize action steps for inclusion in the CAP. The Resilience Prioritization Quadrant is one framework to help schools evaluate potential resilience action steps or initiatives.
Visit the Resilience Prioritization Quadrant page for details.
Climate Action Guidance
Internal Carbon Pricing in Higher Education Toolkit
More Tools and Resources


The Middle East’s meeting place for crime
Why the United Arab Emirates needs a test to tackle shady characters
John Coyne
PHOTO: Chris Combe on Flickr
Law, National security | The World
The UAE has an enviously low crime rate, but has become a preferred destination for international criminals. A character test for those wanting visas to the country could help, John Coyne writes.
The United Arab Emirate’s low crime rates for offences ranging from pickpocketing to murder are the envy of most western countries. And the government’s continued investment in law enforcement ensures that it has the police to prevent this from changing anytime soon.
But over the last decade, despite these investments, a dark criminal cloud has descended on Dubai and Abu Dhabi.
For a long time, international criminals and terrorists have abused the UAE’s economic freedoms to launder their proceeds of crime. Over the last two decades, Dubai and Abu Dhabi gained reputations in international law enforcement circles as global money laundering hot spots.
With the introduction of new laws and legislation in 2014, the UAE government began a shock and awe campaign against financial crime in earnest. Since then, there’s been plenty of action, and plenty of arrests.
Last year, Abu Dhabi’s Attorney General Ali Mohammad Abdullah Al Beloushi referred 54 men to the courts for their involvement in a single money laundering conspiracy. The regulators have also been busy. In June of this year, the Central Bank downgraded the licenses of seven exchange houses for anti-money laundering violations.
Publicly, the government is sending a clear message to those committing financial crime: ‘we’re coming for you’.
While this is all good news, a previously unrecognised crime problem is now emerging in the Emirates. Some of the globe’s most notorious international criminals are using it to lay low after committing crime, while other criminals are using it as a meeting place from which to plan and direct their next moves.
More on this: Does the world need an international anti-corruption court?
Last year, a joint Dutch, Australian, and Dubai police operation revealed how notorious Australian criminals had travelled to the UAE to meet with criminal associates. This group had been involved in the smuggling of 1.9 tonnes of narcotics into Australia. While on this occasion the group were arrested, plenty of other similar meetings continue to occur in Dubai and Abu Dhabi.
Earlier this year Australian authorities prevented another alleged organised crime figure from fleeing to Abu Dhabi. The man in question had been implicated in the attempted murder of a second Australian underworld figure.
In one case, a senior figure from an Australian motorcycle gang permanently resides in Dubai – and is allegedly still involved in criminal activities. Dubai authorities are unable to do anything about this man, as he has committed no criminal offence in the UAE and has no prior convictions.
Far too many senior organised crime figures from western countries, like Australia, believe that the UAE offers them a degree of anonymity and safety. And for the moment this belief is well founded.
This year the problem was exacerbated by the UAE Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Relations suspension of the requirement for visa applicants to obtain good conduct certificates.
If the UAE’s police are going to be able to do anything about these criminals, then legislative change is needed. One possible avenue for addressing this problem is the re-introduction of a ‘character test’ for non-citizens and visa applicants seeking to enter and stay in the UAE. This character test should include obtaining records of the criminal histories of those wanting to enter and reside in the UAE.
While there are plenty of dimensions to a character test, the issue of membership or association with criminals and crime groups should be covered. The bottom line should be that if you are, or have been, a member of a group or organisation, or had or have an association with a person, group or organisation that is suspected of being involved in criminal conduct, then you’re not welcome in the UAE.
If the UAE wants to shake off its international reputation as a meeting place for organised crime groups, then it’s going to have to ensure that its non-citizen visitors are not only law-abiding, but of good character.
John Coyne is Head of Border Security at the Australian Strategic Policy Institute.
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Music Educator x
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Abdel-Rahim, Gamal
Samha El-Kholy
(b Cairo, Nov 25, 1924; d Königstein, Nov 23, 1988). Egyptian composer. His father performed classical Arab music with his own ensemble. After learning the piano and developing an interest in Western music, Gamal studied history at Cairo University (BA 1945), at the same time continuing his musical studies with Hans Hickmann and others. A government bursary enabled him to study musicology in Heidelberg with Georgiadis (...
Doozie, Christopher
Laurence Libin
(b Jirapa, Ghana, June 22, 1958). Ghanaian xylophone maker, player, and teacher. Born into a family of gyilli makers and players in northwest Ghana, Doozie began playing at six years of age. When he was 12 his father taught him to make his first ...
Essiet (Okon) Essiet
Lara Pellegrinelli
(b Omaha, NE, Sept 1, 1956). Bass player of Nigerian descent. He learned classical violin for two years and began playing double bass and electric bass guitar while at high school in Portland, Oregon; he continued his education at Mount Hood Community College, where he studied privately with faculty members. After graduation he performed in Portland for three years and spent a brief period in Los Angeles. Essiet then moved to Europe and toured there with Don Moye’s quartet in ...
Forsyth, Malcolm
Wesley Berg
(b Pietermaritzburg, Dec 8, 1936; d Edmonton, Alberta, July 5, 2011). Canadian composer and trombonist of South African origin. He earned undergraduate and postgraduate degrees from the University of Cape Town. After playing the trombone with the Cape Town SO (1961–7), he emigrated to Canada in ...
Gulli, Franco
Anya Laurence
(b Trieste, Italy, Sept 1, 1926; d Bloomington, IN, Nov 20, 2001). Violinist and teacher of Italian birth. Gulli began violin studies with his father, who had been a pupil of Ševčík and Marak at the Prague Conservatory, and graduated from the Conservatory of Trieste in ...
Keïta, Mamady
Vera H. Flaig
(b Balandugu, Guinea, West Africa, 1950). Drummer, director, and teacher of Guinean birth. Mamady Keïta began his official apprenticeship with the village djembéfola at the age of eight. By his late teens, he was lead drummer of Ballet D’Joliba. By 22 he became the company’s first drummer to act as artistic director. Upon his retirement from the ballet in ...
Muyinda, Evaristo
Ulrich Wegner
(b Nabbale, Kyaggwe, Buganda, June 2, 1916; d Oct 11, 1993). Ugandan instrumentalist and teacher . At the age of nine, Muyinda learnt to play the amadinda and akadinda log xylophones. In 1939, when Muteesa II became Kabaka of Buganda, Muyinda was appointed court musician in the ...
Papas [Papadopoulos], Sophocles
Thomas F. Heck and Peter Danner
(b Sopiki, Greece, Dec 18, 1893; d Alexandria, VA, Feb 26, 1986). American guitar teacher and publisher, born in Greece. At the age of 14 he moved from Greece to Cairo, Egypt, where he learned to play the mandolin. He returned to Greece in ...
Seiber, Mátyás
Hugh Wood and Mervyn Cooke
(b Budapest, May 4, 1905; d Kruger National Park, South Africa, Sept 24, 1960). British composer and teacher. Born into a musical family, he started to learn the cello at the age of ten, and from 1919 to 1924 studied at the Budapest Academy of Music with Adolf Shiffer (cello) and Kodály (composition). In ...
Zervos, Giorgos
George Leotsakos and Katerina Levidou
(b Cairo, Dec 17, 1947). Greek composer and musicologist. Born to Greek parents in Egypt, he settled in Athens in 1961, where he studied theory and piano at the Hellenic Conservatory (1975–7), and composition with Yannis Ioannidis (1977–81) as well as physics at the University of Athens. He then went to Paris, where he studied musicology and the aesthetics of music at the Sorbonne, Panthéon Paris 1, with Michel Guiomar and Daniel Charles, as well as ‘musique formelle’ with Xenakis. He also attended Boulez’s seminars at the Collège de France (...


Catholic schools in the united states
Title: Catholic schools in the united states
St. Thomas High School, a Catholic high school, in Houston
Catholic schools in the United States are accredited by independent and/or state agencies, and teachers are generally certified. Catholic schools are supported through tuition payments and fund raising.
2 Operation
3 Entrance requirements
4 Enrollment
5 Public funding debate
By the middle of the 19th century, the Catholics in larger cities started building their own parochial school system.[1] The main impetus was fear that exposure to Protestant teachers in the public schools, and Protestant fellow students, would lead to a loss of faith. Protestants reacted by strong opposition to any public funding of parochial schools.[2] The Catholics nevertheless built their elementary schools, parish by parish, using very low paid and sisters without college educations as teachers.[3] This was not unlike the public school system, where college-educated teachers became the norm only in the 20th century.
In the classrooms, the highest priorities were piety, orthodoxy, and strict discipline. Knowledge of the subject matter was a minor concern, and in the late 19th century few of the teachers in parochial schools had gone beyond the 8th grade themselves. The sisters came from a wide number of religious orders, and there was no effort to provide joint teachers training programs. The bishops were indifferent. Finally around 1911, led by the Catholic University in Washington, Catholic colleges began summer institutes to train the sisters in pedagogical techniques. Long past World War II, the Catholic schools were noted for inferior conditions compared to the public schools, and less well-trained teachers.[4][5]
Most Catholic elementary schools are operated by a local parish community, while secondary schools are usually operated by a diocese or archdiocese, or a religious institute, and often those in major cities are also attached to a Catholic university.[6]
In the United States, the term parochial school is commonly used to refer to Catholic schools, to distinguish it from private school (which can refer to either a nonsectarian school or other church-based school).[7]
Most elementary schools are owned by a particular parish while high schools are often owned by a group of parishes (more common in the South), a religious institute (more common in Northeast), or a diocese. In the West, a mixture of schools operated by dioceses and religious institutes is common, with the older schools generally run by such institutes. Except in the case of independent schools, local priests are invariably members of the school board, and often at secondary schools are found among the teaching staff as well. In some dioceses the bishop holds the title of superintendent, while others have delegated this responsibility to the head of the Office of Catholic Schools. In terms of practicality, it is often the local priests who fulfill this function.
Mater Dei High School, a small Catholic high school in New Jersey
Most Catholic elementary schools tend to be smaller than their public counterparts, and it is not unusual for such schools to have only one teacher and classroom per grade level. Additionally, grade levels often separated between grammar and middle schools (in the public schools) are generally not separated in Catholic schools; thus a student may attend the same school from kindergarten or first grade through eighth grade. One other major difference is that in most parts of the country, public schools provide bus service to their students, while Catholic schools rarely do.
Catholic schools in the United States accept students of all religions, ethnic backgrounds, and ability. More competitive Catholic secondary schools tend to have tighter academic requirements and/or an entrance exam. It is a common expectation that non-Catholic students take religion classes and attend the spiritual exercises of the school. Many schools have a policy (sometimes written) banning proselytizing in any form.[8]
The United States had 7,498 Catholic schools in 2006-07, including 6,288 elementary schools and 1,210 secondary schools. In total there were 2,320,651 students, including 1,682,412 students in the elementary/middle schools and 638,239 in high schools.[9] Enrollment in the nation’s Catholic schools has steadily dropped to less than half of its peak at five million students 40 years ago, The New York Times reported in early 2009. At its peak in 1965, the number of U.S. parochial schools was more than 12,000, and roughly half of all Catholic children in America attended Catholic elementary schools, according to the National Catholic Educational Association. The same share in 2009 is about 15 percent. Among Latinos, the fastest-growing church group — soon to comprise a majority of Catholics in the United States — it is three percent. The article also reported on "dozens of local efforts" to turn the tide, including by the Archdiocese of Chicago and Washington, and dioceses in Memphis and Wichita, Kansas, as well as in the New York metro area.[10]
Public funding debate
Heavily Protestant in the 19th century, most states passed a state constitutional amendment, referred to as the Blaine Amendment, forbidding tax money be used to fund parochial schools, a possible outcome of heavy immigration from Catholic Ireland after the 1840s. In 2002, the United States Supreme Court partially vitiated these amendments, in theory, when they ruled that vouchers were constitutional if tax dollars followed a child to a school, even if it were religious. However, no state had, by 2009, changed its laws to allow this.[11]
Since 2000, 1,942 Catholic schools around the country have shut their doors, and enrollment has dropped by 621,583 students, to just over 2 million in 2012, according to the National Catholic Educational Association. Many Catholic schools were being squeezed out of the education market by publicly funded Charter schools.[12]
^ Timothy Walch, Parish School: American Catholic Parochial Education from Colonial Times to the Present (New York: Crossroad Publishing, 1996).
^ Thomas E. Buckley, "A Mandate for Anti-Catholicism: The Blaine Amendment," America 27 September 2004, 18–21.
^ Jay P. Dolan, The American Catholic Experience (1985) pp 262-74
^ Dolan, The American Catholic Experience (1985) pp 286-91
^ James W. Sanders, The Education of an urban Minority: Catholics in Chicago, 1833–1965 (Oxford University Press, 1977).
^ Timothy Walch, Parish School (1996).
^ Dolan, The American Catholic Experience (1985) ch 14
^ James A. Banks (2012). Encyclopedia of Diversity in Education. SAGE Publications. pp. 303–6.
^ Annual Data Report - National Catholic Educational Association
^ "For Catholic Schools, Crisis and Catharsis" by Paul Vitello and Winnie Hu The New York Times January 18, 2009 p. A29 NY edition. Retrieved 1-17-09.
^ Bush, Jeb (March 4, 2009). NO:Choice forces educators to improve. The Atlanta Constitution-Journal.
^ Sean Cavanagh, "Catholic Schools Feeling Squeeze From Charters." Education Week, 29 August 2012.
Cassidy, Francis P. "Catholic Education in the Third Plenary Council of Baltimore. I." Catholic Historical Review (1948): 257-305. in JSTOR
Coburn, Carol K. and Martha Smith. Spirited Lives: How Nuns Shaped Catholic Culture and American Life, 1836-1920 (1999) pp 129–58 excerpt and text search
Dolan, Jay P. The American Catholic Experience (1985) ch 10, 14
Gleason, Philip, et al. "Baltimore III and education." US Catholic Historian (1985): 273-313. in JSTOR
McGuinness Margaret M. Called to Serve: A History of Nuns in America (New York University Press, 2013)
Sanders, James W. The Education of an urban Minority: Catholics in Chicago, 1833–1965 (Oxford University Press, 1977).
Walch, Timothy. Parish School: American Catholic Parochial Education from Colonial Times to the Present (New York: Crossroad Publishing, 1996)
Roman Catholic schools in the United States
Roman Catholic elementary schools in the United States
Roman Catholic secondary schools in the United States


The deputy was out of radio range, so the airplane was dispatched to help find the car and suspects from the air and to make sure the deputy was safe, sheriff’s spokeswoman Teresa Douglas said.
The airplane was already in the air in the area of Highway 198 and Road 182 and sent to the area, she said.
The man and woman were arrested at the end of a road west of Lake Success, Douglas said.
Joshua Williford, 34, was arrested on suspicion of brandishing a weapon and criminal threats.
Sage Emerson, 18, was arrested on charges of evading an officer and resisting arrest.
Noon: Gov. Jerry Brown sent his condolences to the relatives of the two men killed in the plane crash.
Brown said he and his wife Anne “extend our deepest condolences to the Tulare County Sheriff’s Department and the friends and family members of Deputy Ballantyne and pilot Chavez during this difficult time. We are grateful for these men, who made the ultimate sacrifice doing what they did everyday – serving and protecting their community.”
Flags at the State Capitol are being flown at half staff Thursday in their honor.
11:50 a.m.: Sheriff Mike Boudreaux said at a news conference Wednesday night that the airplane came equipped with a parachute that was not deployed, nor was a distress call made.
“It happened so quickly – there was no distress call, no Mayday, or the deployment of that safety device,” he said.
The sheriff’s department air unit operates an “Eyes in the Sky” program that uses a light sport aircraft based at the Visalia airport. It’s flown five or six days a week, Boudreaux said.
11 a.m. Thursday: Staff from the National Transportation Safety Board have arrived at the crash scene and have started their investigation into what caused the aircraft to go down.
Teresa Douglass, spokeswoman for the Tulare County Sheriff’s Department, said Boudreaux and his staff are also investigating the mishap. He is also meeting with relatives of the men who were killed and is assisting with making funeral arrangements.
Boudreaux told reporters Wednesday night that the aerial crew was helping deputies on the ground respond to a report of someone brandishing a weapon.
9 p.m. Wednesday: A veteran Tulare County sheriff’s deputy and a civilian pilot were killed Wednesday afternoon when their single-engine plane crashed near Springville in Tulare County.
Sheriff Mike Boudreaux, looking visibly shaken at an evening news conference in Visalia, identified the men as Deputy Scott Ballantyne, 52, of Visalia, and pilot James Chavez, 45, of Hanford.
The crash on a mountainside happened with no warning, Boudreaux said. “There was no distress call, no mayday,” he said.
The department first learned of the crash, which occurred about 4 p.m. east of the Eagle Feather Trading Post, from eyewitnesses who said they saw the wreckage ablaze, Boudreaux said. Caltrans closed Highway 190 in the area of the crash about 4:45 p.m. and reopened the highway by 7:09 p.m.
Brian Duke, who lives near the crash site, said one of his friends watched the plane pitching from side to side before it crashed.
Shawn Winter, a resident of Springville, was driving down the hill to pick up his daughter from school when he saw something on the hillside.
“I saw the black color of smoke. There was a big old ball of flame,” he said.
3,000The number of flight hours logged by the Tulare County Sheriff’s Office aircraft before the crash
Lester Lawton, who lives on Success Valley Drive, said the plane crashed just off the highway on the hill behind Eagle Feather Trading Post.
“I couldn’t even see an airplane. I could see a black spot on the ground on the hill,” he said. “It didn’t look like there was remains left.”
Ballantyne and Chavez had just completed assisting deputies on the ground with the arrest of a suspect brandishing a weapon when the crash occurred, Boudreaux said.
He said Chavez was a veteran military pilot who had flown Black Hawk helicopters and served with the California National Air Guard. Chavez, who was hired in 2014, “was a fantastic pilot,” the sheriff said. Ballantyne, who began working for the sheriff’s office in 1989, had become a full-time observer in the plane a year and a half ago, Boudreaux said.
David Williams, a reserve sergeant and retired captain who oversees the air unit, said the aircraft that crashed was a two-seater Flight Design CTLS light sport aircraft that the sheriff’s office obtained in August 2011 and had more than 3,000 flight hours. The aircraft was selected because of its reliability and number of safety features, Williams said.
The safety features included a parachute, Boudreaux said. The plane was based at the Visalia airport and typically was in the air five to six days a week, he said.
The FAA and NTSB have launched an investigation of the crash, Boudreaux said. Duke said the hillside behind his home was bathed in light Wednesday night as investigators worked at the crash site.
The sheriff’s office as well as the community are hit hard by the loss of the two employees, Boudreaux said. He asked for prayers for the victims’ families as well as the department.
“Our community is a strong one, and we will come through this, and our department is a strong one, and we will come through this,” he said.
Marc Benjamin: 559-441-6166, @beebenjamin
Lewis Griswold: lgriswold@fresnobee.com, 559-441-6104, @fb_LewGriswold
Debris from a crashed plane can be seen on a hillside near Lake Success in Tulare County on Wednesday, Feb. 10. Photos courtesy of Lester Lawton Special to The Bee
Two people were killed Wednesday when a single-engine plane crashed near Springville. BRIAN DUKE Special to The Bee
Deputy Scott Ballantyne TULARE COUNTY SHERIFF’S OFFICE
Pilot James Chavez TULARE COUNTY SHERIFF’S OFFICE
Fresno, Bee Staff
Complimentary death notice listings are provided by funeral homes and include name, age, residence, date of passing and funeral home in charge of arrangements.
Yosemite will get historic names back, including Ahwahnee Hotel, lawsuit settlement says


Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
Quick. Name the very first things that come to mind when you think of Brazil. Carnival? The girl from Ipanema? Carmen Miranda? Cowboys?
What? Cowboys! It may be the Old West in the U.S. but it’s the Old South in Brazil.
In fact Rio Grande do Sul (sounds Texan already) is the southernmost state in Brazil and, in many ways, more like its neighbors Uruguay and Argentina than Brazil. It boasts Brazil’s highest standard of living, is the center of the country’s wine region, features great Italian restaurants, and claims the world’s longest beach. Called Cassino Beach, it measures something like 130 miles long, give or take a dune or two. How did it get that way?
Gauchos, Grapes and Gastronomy
Before Brazil was Brazil, Spain and Portugal vied for dominance in this part of South America. Spanish Jesuits were the first Europeans to arrive. In 1627, they began establishing missions to convert local Guarani Indians to Catholicism, a tale we’ve heard before. The original missions were destroyed by bandeirantes who wanted these indigenous people as slaves and didn’t care whether they were Catholic or not. But the Jesuits bounced back and, within fifty years or so, reestablished the missions.
By this time merchants, military adventurers, and settlers had begun arriving in the region and the focus was on consolidating territorial claims.
The Guarani Wars
In 1680, Portugal founded Colonia do Sacramento across the Rio de la Plata, also known as the Plate River, from modern Buenos Aires. The area around Colonia is in what is today Uruguay. The Portuguese planned to contain the Spanish on the south side of the river. Therefore a search ensued to find a suitable port east of Colonia in order to form a line of defense. This search resulted in the establishment of a fortified village, now the city of Rio Grande, as the companion bulwark to Colonia. The Spanish, of course, weren’t about to take this lying down. However, they were also busy plundering the rest of their possessions so a half-hearted war “raged” for about a century.
The Cisplatine War
Meanwhile, the Portuguese were busy populating the region between the two bastions. In 1816, they captured Uruguay and declared it the province Cisplatina, which literally means the province this side of the Rio de la Plata. This then would become part of the Empire of Brazil. But, Brazil declared its independence from Portugal in 1822. Then Uruguay declared its independence from Brazil in 1825, lead by Juan Antonio Lavalleja, and in 1828 succeeded in formally breaking from Brazil.
From that point on, disputes between the Portuguese and the Spanish morphed from territorial to commercial.
The Jerky War
In order to populate the Rio Grande do Sul region, enormous tracts of land were distributed to settlers. In these latifundia, raising cattle became the dominant activity. The Jesuits had brought cattle a century before, but they’d escaped and gone feral when the missions were destroyed. Enterprising settlers, seeing the potential for profit, captured and redomesticated them to create immense herds. Unfortunately the limitations of transportation meant that beef was most efficiently distributed only in a dried form called charqueadas.
However jerky producers in Argentina and Uruguay were blessed with greener pastures and superior seaports. They soon began producing and distributing a better grade of jerky that became preferred. The gauchos of Rio Grande do Sul asked for trade protection from the central government and, when denied, declared independence from Brazil. That resulted in a ten-year war that ended with the defeat of the rebels but also with the institution of the trade protections originally requested.
The Port of Rio Grande
Architects of the port city’s original site at the mouth of a river could never have contemplated the growing size of commercial vessels that would call there. So, in 1855, a military engineer was sent to make a plan for increasing the depth of the channel and port area from the current two-meters. He concluded that the task was “unviable”. But in 1875, Sir John Hawkshaw was commissioned to have another go at it. He proposed a pair of two-mile long breakwaters extending out into the sea. His plan was undertaken in 1906 and the resulting Porto Novo, with its ten-meter draft, is where ships enter today.
The port city still displays touches of Portugal’s colonial past in its architecture and streets. But signs are also visible of the other cultures that have joined the region’s population. People of German, Italian, Polish, Ukrainian, and African descent have all added to this mélange.
To celebrate this destination, do as the locals do. Sample a cup of maté (called chimarrão here), the traditional gaucho tea. Also enjoy churrasco, the typical barbecue. And be sure to take home a pair of bombachas, those baggy gaucho trousers. You’ll be pleased at how skillfully they cover a wide variety of personal flaws.
categories South America
tags Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
Puerto Chacabuco, Chile


By: Earnie Wright | 04-25-2017 | News
Photo credit: Savageultralight | Dreamstime.com
Failure To Maintain Eye Contact = Racism: Oxford University
Oxford University has unleashed the latest guidance which contains perplexing provisions that advocate for eye contact amongst students. Those not doing so may be accused racism.
Oxford’s University’s Equality and Diversity Unit has insinuated that students who don’t speak directly to people could be deemed as racial microaggression which can lead to ill mental health. Students were also told to desist from asking people where they are originally from.
Fortunately, the Oxford University's Equality and Diversity Unit understands the fact that some people who engage in such things may be entirely well-meaning, and would be horrified to realize that they had caused offense.
The University also emphasized that if words or actions of an individual suggest that they intend to fulfill a negative stereotype, the consequence may be of a different nature.
This comes amidst the accusations that Universities are pandering to the snowflake generation of students, who are seen as over-sensitive and quick to take offense.
One lecturer in higher education at the University of Kent, Dr Joanna Williams, revealed that the guidance was completely ridiculous and will make students hyper-sensitive on matters concerning their interactions with their acquaintances.
Dr. Williams made a statement to The Telegraph saying that people are being accused of a thought crime, adding that they are being accused of thinking incorrect thoughts based on an assumption of where they may or may not be looking.
Some people feel differently concerning the controversial issue. Such include Dr. Williams who is the author of Academic Freedom in an Age of Conformity. Williams pointed out that Oxford University’s guidance was overstepping the mark by telling students how they should feel and think.
Dr. Joanna revealed that instead of people seeing each other as potential friends, equals, the recent guidance re-racializes academia. This is especially true if they force people to see each other as a person of color. The new policy will force people to be put into boxes.
The controversial issue will be very problematic since people can’t relate to each other naturally. Instead, they have rules in the back of their mind and they can’t be spontaneous as their interactions are all overlaid with the desire to follow all these rules.
Cardiff Metropolitan University banned phrases such as right-hand man and gentleman’s agreement under its code of practice on inclusive language. The move took place earlier this year.
Gender-neutral terms, as dictated by the university guidance should be used where possible. Students should not allow their cultural background to affect their choice of words.
Trigger warnings have started being issued by the University of Glasgow for theology students studying the crucifixion of Jesus Christ. Students are told they may see distressing images and are given the opportunity to leave.
The Oxford University spokesman made a statement saying that the Equality and Diversity Unit works with University bodies to ensure that the University's pursuit of excellence goes hand in hand with freedom from discrimination and equality of opportunity. The move is commendable, despite the few considerations that were not taken into account.
SOURCE: http://www.telegraph.co.uk.fxsc.ru/education/2017/04/22/students-avoid-making-eye-contact-could-guiltyof-racism-oxford/
Everything Is Problematic: Charcoal Face Masks


India Successfully Lifted 27.1 Crore People Out Of Poverty In 10 Years, Fastest Reduction Among Fellow Nations: UN
Poverty Representational Image. (Kalpak Pathak/Hindustan Times via Getty Images)
As per a global Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) 2019 report released on Thursday (11 July), India lifted 27.1 million people out of poverty between 2005-06 and 2015-16, reports Indian Express.
As per the report released by Oxford Poverty and Human Development Initiative (OPHI) and the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), India showed marked improvements in areas like assets, cooking fuel, sanitation and nutrition.
The report states that India has registered the fastest absolute reduction in the MPI value among ten developing countries with a combined population is two billion people.
As per the report, out of the four Indian states with the most acute MPI - Bihar, Jharkhand, Uttar Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh, Jharkhand has made the most progress.
The global MPI tracks 101 countries on deprivations across ten indicators in health, education, and standard of living. This MPI was developed in 2010 by OPHI and UNDP.
Overall, India was among three countries where poverty reduction in rural areas outpaced that in urban areas, which as per the report, is an indicator of pro-poor development.
UNDP India Resident Representative Shoko Noda, said, “The MPI captures the huge progress India has made in reducing multidimensional poverty across the country, while also providing a more complete picture of who is deprived, how they are deprived, and where they live”.
Poverty,
Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI),


Final report on 2017-18 spending shows $19B federal deficit last year [UPDATED]
The deficit is slightly smaller than Finance Minister Bill Morneau's prediction of $19.4 billion in last winter's budget
by CP Staff
OTTAWA—The federal government ran a shortfall of $19 billion in the last fiscal year, virtually unchanged from the previous year, Ottawa’s annual financial report card shows.
The deficit for 2017-18 was slightly smaller than the federal government predicted in February’s budget.
However, the Finance Department’s fiscal monitor estimated in May the federal books would post a deficit of just $16.2 billion for last year.
To confuse matters, the government says it has changed the way it calculates its pension liability—a fix officials say has been at the top of the list for auditors for years. And that led to revisions of 10 years’ worth of budget numbers.
As a result, the slim surplus Conservatives left with much fanfare in 2014-15 is now noted as a small deficit.
Tax revenues rose year-over-year, but it was less a windfall than what officials described as a “new normal” after the Liberals created a new tax bracket for high-income earners. The Finance Department says there was a $9.9-billion increase in personal tax revenue from the previous year.
Beyond 2017-18, Morneau’s February budget predicted an $18.1-billion shortfall for this fiscal year—a number that’s expected to gradually shrink to $12.3 billion in 2022-23, including annual $3-billion cushions to offset risks.
Following the 2015 election, the Liberal government abandoned campaign pledges to run annual deficits of no more than $10 billion and to balance the books in four years—by 2019.
Instead, Morneau has been focused on reducing the net debt-to-GDP ratio—also known as the debt burden—each year. After the pension-related revisions were taken into account, the debt ratio dropped to 31.3 per cent of GDP in 2017-18, from 32.0 per cent a year earlier.
The latest numbers for 2017-18 pushed the overall national debt to $671.3 billion.
The document didn’t provide a long-term outlook for the debt burden, but officials say internal projections still show the measure on a downward track, even if the numbers have shifted slightly due to accounting changes.
Morneau has cited a weaker-than-expected economy for the bigger shortfalls as well as a need to make investments to lift Canada’s long-term growth.
But the economy has delivered a strong performance for more than a year and the lack of a road map to return to balance has drawn criticism, particularly from the opposition Conservatives.
There are concerns over the Liberals’ deficit-spending plan at a time of economic expansion and warnings it could find itself far deeper down the deficit hole in the event of a recession.
PBO says 2017 federal deficit will be $2B higher than forecast, but it’s on the decline
Federal deficit through first eight months of fiscal year totals $9.1B
Federal budget deficit significantly less than expected
Ottawa reports $5.9B deficit over first half of 2017
China’s growth slows as officials try to reassure investors [UPDATED]
Cannabis retailers, governments warn of lingering supply shortage


Ecuador Weather
Ecuador Average Temperatures
City Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Papallacta Low 50 50 50 50 50 49 49 49 49 49 49 50
High 66 66 66 66 67 67 67 68 69 68 67 66
Guayaquil Low 70 72 72 72 68 68 67 65 67 68 68 70
Patate Low 52 54 55 53 54 54 52 53 53 53 54 52
Quito Low 50 50 50 50 50 49 49 49 49 49 49 50
Amazon/ Punta Ahuano Low 75 75 75 75 75 75 75 75 75 75 75 75
The climate varies widely according to geographical area. The highlands are cold and dry. Along the coast it is warm and sunny year round. Bring comfortable walking shoes, clothes you can layer and an all-weather jacket. At times, the temperature s and a warm jacket is necessary. Some religious sites may require modest dress to enter (no shorts, short skirts, or sleeveless tops).


From the "The Rainey Chronicles" series, volume 1
by B.G. Cousins
A debut novel offers political intrigue set within the perilous complexity of the Russian Revolution.
Jeremy Clarke has just returned from France, where he fought as an American soldier in World War I. The son of a wealthy steel magnate, Jeremy now plans to join the family business under the tutelage of his formidable sister, Elizabeth. His plans are temporarily thwarted, however, when a representative from the State Department, Charles Appleton, suddenly arrives unannounced and reveals that Jeremy and Elizabeth’s father, who had vanished in Russia, is still alive. He asks Jeremy to lead a military team—really a small army—into Russia to rescue him and to secure a “package,” the contents of which remain, for the moment, mysterious. Appleton himself is a nebulous fellow, described as a “ghost” with virtually no government file. Jeremy accepts the assignment, and Elizabeth is put in charge of its logistics, which include procuring firearms. While crossing through Romania, Jeremy is taken prisoner and shot while escaping, forcing Elizabeth to take over as commander of the mission. All the while, Russian intelligence tracks the team’s every move, as interested in the package as it is in Elizabeth’s father. Cousins masterfully keeps the story moving at a fast clip, interspersing action at every turn. The inner machinations of the Russian Revolution are numbingly convoluted, and Cousins does a credible job navigating its infinite nuances. The story is driven by the relentless force of Elizabeth’s character, whose motto is: “Observe. Learn. Dominate.” In fact, her bravery—she is only 26 years old— in combat strains credulity: “The rat-tat-tat of the machine gun continued to ring in her ears as she became aware of what was happening around her. She had a job to do and she couldn’t do it lying on her back. She pulled herself up and got back to the gun belt.” But Cousins artfully presents the implausible as easy to digest, a skill that is the hallmark of this relentless thriller. Strictly speaking, this is almost too fantastic a tale to carry the label historical novel, but the author’s research of the period, and of Russia in particular, remains impressive.
An exciting and unpredictable tale of espionage and adventure in the early 20th century.
Pub Date: Feb. 22nd, 2016
Publisher: Corrxan Inc.
Program: Kirkus Indie
Review Posted Online: May 23rd, 2016
by Alan Furst
CRITICAL COMPANION TO THE RUSSIAN REVOLUTION, 1914-1921
by Edward Acton
RUSSIA’S FATE THROUGH RUSSIAN EYES
by Heyward Isham


Evaluate the effectiveness of your service
It is important to establish the criteria for assessing the effectiveness of the services.
When assessing the effectiveness of the services provided to young people who are homeless or at risk of homelessness, there are three criteria to consider:
Is the joint protocol clear, legally accurate and geared to the best possible outcomes for young people, including a focus on joint preventative work?
Is the assessment and options process performing within the timescales and information-sharing criteria established by the protocol?
Are the outcomes for young people the best that can reasonably be achieved?
There are considerable challenges in each of these areas which need to be addressed, including:
establishing a shared vision, and commitment, to young people and their needs, and a shared (correct) interpretation of the law
sharing data and/or establishing systems which can be interrogated
recording outcomes for young people from the point of first contact onwards, in a consistent and longitudinal way
The process of preparing a joint protocol is likely to indicate the extent of each of these challenges in each locality. Experience so far has shown that in some areas these challenges have proved impossible to overcome. The government is monitoring the position.
Shelter has published a benchmarking guide to joint working between services. It provides a useful model, examples and assessment criteria for achieving good outcomes for children and young people in housing need, including governance, strategy, processes and delivery. Further sources of information and guidance are listed in the bibliography.


91 MiG-21 Fishbed
British Secret Projects 3.Fighters 1935-1950
Continues the process of revising and expanding the hugely successful British Secret Projects series New materials and illustrations found since the original publication means a separate volume on fighters has now been produced
Illustrations Black/White and Colour photos,line drawings
Publisher Crecy
The British Secret Projects series covers the design and development of UK military aircraft since the mid-1930s with strong emphasis on designs that were never built, particularly those types generated by various design competitions. The original Volume Three (Fighters and Bombers 1935 to 1950) has now been split into separate volumes with this book covering fighters and a new Volume Four in preparation solely devoted to bomber designs. This split has allowed space for the inclusion of much new information and many new photographs. This book describes the design and development of the British fighter from the end of the biplane fighter to the start of the jet era. The projects and programmes which feature in its pages begin with those prepared in the mid-1930s in the knowledge that war was coming and go through to some which appeared after the war had ended. During this period the art of fighter design took some big and important steps forward and here can be found fixed-gun fighters and turret fighters, in both single and twin-engine form, plus the first generation of jet fighters. Types designed to meet the requirements of both the Royal Air Force and the Fleet Air Arm are included. Drawings new to this volume include the Folland Fo.118 and the Westland P.13. As with the companion volumes, the author has undertaken extensive research and made full use of primary source material. Three-view drawings plus photographs of models or original artist’s impressions combine to show how these unbuilt designs would have appeared. Data and appendices summarise the projects, contracts and specifications and provide a detailed insight into many fascinating aircraft.


RETRO: Flying Scotsman saved and restored by Doncaster businessman
The iconic locomotive, The Flying Scotsman, did its last run for British Rail in January 1963, before the engine became the property of Doncaster businessman and railway enthusiast Alan Pegler for a sum of Â£3,000.
Saturday, 27 January, 2018, 08:10
Selby, Great Heck 1st May 1968 The Flying Scotsman on her way, non stop, from King's Cross, London, to Edinburgh. This was its last run to Edinburgh.
Mr Pegler effectively ‘saved’ the A3 class locomotive from becoming scrap and subsequently managed to secure an agreement for it to still run on the main line for a set number of years.
The engine was restored to its former glory at great cost, and re-acquired the LNER (London and North Eastern Railway) green livery.
For several years The Flying Scotsman was celebrated as it pulled a variety of trains across the country.
It was then launched in the States by Pegler in 1970 on a promotional tour of Buy British and covered 15,400 miles in all, many of which were travelled with Pegler himself in the driving seat. The railroad charges were steep and he was payng the bills.
By 1972 the locomotive’s owner had spent up and was bankrupt. Later, in 1973, Pegler persuaded another strong steam enthusiast, William McAlpine, to buy and ship the engine back to Britain.
The Flying Scotsman had been the first locomotive of the new London and North Eastern Railway when it was completed early in 1923.
The Flying Scotsman crossing the Ribblehead Viaduct, on its journey from Oxenhope to Carlisle to celebrate the re-opening of the Settle Carlisle Railway line. 31 March 2017. Picture Bruce Rollinson
It later became famous in the British Empire Exhibition, and was also known as the first locomotive in the UK to clock up 100mph in 1934, and the only steam train to run the 393 miles from London to Edinburgh without stopping.
It was back in 1952 that Alan Pegler had journeyed to Wales to view the crumbling Ffestiniog Mountain Railway, with a friend. He ended up buying the railway that is now seen as one of Britain’s most successful tourist attractions.
The late Mr Pegler was made an OBE in 2006, at the age of 86.


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You are here: Home / Connecticut - Military / South Windsor, CT. – February 23, 1919
South Windsor, CT. – February 23, 1919
On February 23, 1919, two U.S. Army lieutenants took off from Hartford, Connecticut, bound for Boston, Massachusetts, to photograph the arrival of President Woodrow Wilson’s aircraft landing at Boston.
The pilot was identified as Lt. S. W. Torney, and the photographer was identified as Lt. Cundiff.
As the plane was en-route to Boston it developed engine trouble, and Lt. Torney was forced to make an emergency landing in a field on private property in South Windsor. After inspecting the engine, it was decided that trying to reach Boston would be too risky, so Lt. Cundiff was told to stay behind and return to Hartford via trolley while Torney would fly alone back to Hartford with the airplane.
After making some minor adjustments to the motor, Lieutenant Torney took off and was approximately fifty feet in the air when his airplane suddenly lost power and crashed in another field about a quarter of a mile away. The airplane suffered significant damage, but Lieutenant Torney was relatively unhurt.
Lieutenant Torney stayed with his airplane to protect it from the gathering crowds until a local constable arrived.
Lt. Torney’s airplane had begun its trip from Mineola, Long Island, New York, the previous day with two others, all bound for Boston. One of the three developed an overheated engine and was forced to return to Mineola shortly after taking off. The other two made it to Hartford where they spent the night. After receiving word of Lt. Torney’s accident, the third was sent to Boston to complete the assignment. It was reported that it flew over the spot where Lt. Torney had crashed before proceeding to Boston.
Hartford Courant, (Conn.) “Army Airplane Wrecked In Fifty Foot Fall In So. Windsor Pasture”, February 24, 1919
Filed Under: Connecticut - Military Tagged With: Connecticut Aircraft Accident, Connecticut Aviation Accident, Connecticut Aviation History, Lieutenant S. W. Torney Aviator, South Windsor Connecticut History, South Windsor Connecticut Plane Crash


Bob Buckley
Bob Buckley (credited as Robert Buckley) is the Composer of ReBoot, responsible for all featured episode music.
Bob Buckley was born in Brighton, England (UK). Spending part of the year in England, and the rest of his time in Vancouver, Canada, As he holds both British and Canadian passports.
Bob took up the piano at the age of ten and put it back down again when he realized it was too heavy. He began composing almost immediately. At the age of twelve he started playing the clarinet inspired by the opening solo in "Rhapsody In Blue". Soon after that he began playing the saxophone and flute. He formed various bands in high school for which he wrote music; he also wrote for the school orchestra, concert band and jazz band. He studied with California composer Hubert Klyne Headley who exposed him to the twentieth century music of Stravinsky, Bartok, Ravel, Shostakovitch. He studied composition, conducting and arranging at the University of Washington with American composer William Bergsma and studied electronic music at the University of British Columbia.
Upon leaving university Bob started working professionally and appeared weekly on the television series "Let's Go" as keyboardist, saxophonist and arranger. In his quest to combine rock, jazz and symphonic music he formed the band Spring and performed the original work "Song Cycle" with the Vancouver and Edmonton Symphonies. Also with the band Spring he had his first top ten single. Then, as a member the rock bands Straight Lines (CBS Records) and Body Electric (A&M Records) his keyboard and songwriting talents contributed to five albums containing several top-ten singles and a gold record with the number one single "Letting Go". Bob has recorded and worked with many artists throughout his career in the music industry.
During this time Bob worked professionally as a composer, arranger, performer, producer and conductor for records, theme music for television series and specials, commercials, audio-visuals, dance, musicals, symphonic works and films. The diverse nature or his background has given him the opportunity to write every conceivable kind of music, including orchestral, rock, jazz, country, techno, experimental, Broadway and contemporary. He composed the music for the opening and closing ceremonies of the 1994 Commonwealth Games in Victoria, B.C. In 1986 he composed "This Is My Home" for the Canada Pavilion at Expo '86, a song which has been performed at every Canada Day since and has become like a second National Anthem. He did string arrangements for Bryan Adams' latest two albums, Celine Dion's Christmas album and Our Lady Peace's latest album. He composed two musicals for the Charlottetown Festival, one of which has been running for nine years.
He has scored hundreds of television programs including the award-winning computer-animated series "ReBoot", "Transformers" and "Shadow Raiders" and most recently the computer-animated movies "Casper's Haunted Christmas" and "Scary Godmother". Bob is currently writing a musical in England called Tinsel with novelist Michelle Magorian and a physical theatre show in Vancouver called 'The Bridge' with Axis Theatre. He has a state-of-the-art digital music studio with a huge template of instruments and sounds and is equally at home in front of a rack of synthesizers, a symphony orchestra or playing jazz saxophone.
Bob has received much recognition for his outstanding work including Gold Records for 'Letting Go' and 'Association for Multi-image International'; Leo Award for Best Musical Score; Caras Music Awards for Artist of the Year, Producer of the Year and Album of the Year; BMI Award for Best Symphonic Composition; PRO Awards for Outstanding Success in Canadian Music and Excellence in Canadian Music; Juno Nomination for Composer of the year and Song of the year; ALFIE award for U.S. radio commercial music, and I.B.A. awards in U.S. radio and television commercial music.
Bob is a member of 'SOCAN' and the 'Guild of Canadian Film Composers', currently working from his company in Vancouver B.C, Canada, called 'Bob Buckley Productions, Ltd'.
Bob Buckley is now currently providing musical score for Nerd Corps' CGI animated series "Storm Hawks" (2007).
Bob Buckley Productions, Ltd.
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