Patent ID: 12218423

DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

The following clearly describes embodiments of this application with reference to accompanying drawings.

Referring toFIG.1, an embodiment of this application provides an electronic device200. The electronic device200includes a feeding network150and an antenna apparatus100. The antenna apparatus100includes a plurality of antennas. In this embodiment, the antenna apparatus100includes a first antenna130and a second antenna140, and the first antenna130and the second antenna140are electrically connected to the feeding network150by using a feeding structure of the antenna apparatus100. The feeding structure excites the first antenna130and the second antenna140by using signal input of the feeding network150, to obtain resonance modes of the first antenna130and the second antenna140at different frequencies, thereby meeting a requirement for normal working of the antenna apparatus100in different frequency bands.

The electronic device200provided in an embodiment of this application may be a terminal device such as a portable Wi-Fi device or a home router. The antenna apparatus100may implement a dual-band Wi-Fi function, for example, work in a Wi-Fi 2.4 GHz frequency band and a Wi-Fi 5 GHz frequency band.

In a possible implementation, as shown inFIG.2,FIG.3, andFIG.4, the antenna apparatus100is disposed on a substrate190, and the substrate190includes a grounding area110and a clearance area120that are adjacent to each other. It should be noted that a component of the antenna apparatus100is disposed in space in which the clearance area120of the substrate190is located, and the space may include a surface layer and an inner layer of the substrate190, or may include a space range corresponding to the clearance area120on two sides of the substrate190, because the antenna apparatus100may be a microstrip structure printed on the substrate or a spatial three-dimensional structure erected on a surface of the substrate. It may be understood that a periphery of the antenna apparatus100is the grounding area110of the substrate190. The antenna apparatus100includes a first radiating element10, a second radiating element20, a third radiating element30, a first feeding structure30, and a second feeding structure40that are disposed in the clearance area120. It should be noted that, because the clearance area120and the grounding area110on the substrate190are adjacent to each other, a periphery of the first radiating element10, the second radiating element20, the third radiating element30, the first feeding structure30, and the second feeding structure40that are disposed in the clearance area120is the grounding area110, and a grounded part in the structure is grounded by using the adjacent rounding area110on a periphery of the clearance area120. An opening12and two ground terminals14respectively located on two sides of the opening12are disposed on the first radiating element10. The two ground terminals14are electrically connected to the grounding area110, and the ground terminal14may be directly connected to the grounding area110, or a capacitive element or an inductive element, such as a capacitor or an inductor, may be disposed between the ground terminal14and the grounding area110. The first radiating element10and the wounding area110jointly form a slot antenna. The formed slot antenna130herein may be understood as a slot jointly formed through enclosing by the first radiating element10disposed in the clearance area120and the grounding area110adjacent to the clearance area120. Because the opening is disposed on the first radiating element10, the slot antenna130is a slot structure with an opening. In this embodiment, the second radiating element20is separated from the grounding area11, the second radiating element20is also disposed in the clearance area120, and there is no direct electrical connection or structural physical connection between the second radiating element20and the grounding area110. The second radiating element20may be considered as a suspended metal wire structure disposed in the clearance area120, and a suspended metal wire may be understood as a microstrip printed on the substrate or a three-dimensional metal strip structure erected on the substrate. “Suspension” means that there is no connection to the surrounding grounding area or another radiating element.

In this embodiment, the first feeding structure40and the second feeding structure50are both located at an adjoining area between the grounding area110and the clearance area120and are grounded. The first feeding structure40excites the slot antenna in a magnetic coupling manner to generate a first resonance frequency, and excites the second radiating element20to generate a second resonance frequency. Excitation in the magnetic coupling manner means that there is no direct electrical connection between the first feeding structure40and either of the slot antenna and the second radiating element20, but a varying current flows through the first feeding structure40by using an external circuit. Therefore, a varying electromagnetic field is generated, and the slot antenna and the second radiating element20that are in space of the electromagnetic field are magnetically coupled to the first feeding structure40, and are excited to appear in resonance statuses, which are respectively a fundamental mode of the slot antenna and a fundamental mode of the second radiating element20. It should be noted that frequencies at which the slot antenna and the second radiating element20are magnetically coupled to the first feeding structure40are different, a frequency of the fundamental mode of the slot antenna excited in a manner of magnetic coupling between the first feeding structure40and the slot antenna is the first resonance frequency, and a frequency of the fundamental mode of the second radiating element20excited in a manner of magnetic coupling between the first feeding structure40and the second radiating element20is the second resonance frequency.

In this embodiment, the second feeding structure50is electrically connected between the third radiating element30and the ground. The ground herein is a floor of the grounding area110of the substrate190. The second feeding structure50excites the third radiating element30to generate the first resonance frequency, and the third radiating element30is used as an excitation source to excite the slot antenna in an electrical coupling manner to generate the second resonance frequency. It should be noted that the second feeding structure50is directly electrically connected to the third radiating element30, the third radiating element30resonates under an action of the second feeding structure50, and a fundamental mode of the third radiating element30is generated due to excitation. A resonance frequency is the first resonance frequency. The third radiating element30is then used as the excitation source to excite the slot antenna, to cause the slot antenna to appear in a second mode. That is, the second mode of the slot antenna appears under excitation of the third radiating element30, and a resonance frequency of the slot antenna is the second resonance frequency.

In the antenna apparatus100in this embodiment, the first radiating element10, the second radiating element20, the third radiating element30, the first feeding structure40, and the second feeding structure50are disposed in the clearance area120, and the slot antenna formed by the first radiating element10and the second radiating element20form a first antenna130. The first feeding structure40excites the fundamental mode (that is, the first resonance frequency) of the slot antenna and the fundamental mode (that is, the second resonance frequency) of the second radiating element20in the magnetic coupling manner. That is, the first antenna130can work at the first resonance frequency and the second resonance frequency, thereby implementing dual-band. The slot antenna formed by the first radiating element10and the third radiating element30form a second antenna140, the second feeding structure40directly feeds the third radiating element30to excite the fundamental mode (that is, the first resonance frequency) of the third radiating element30, and the third radiating element30is used as the excitation source to excite the second mode (that is, the second resonance frequency) of the slot antenna. The second antenna140can work at the first resonance frequency and the second resonance frequency, thereby also implementing dual-band, and providing a miniaturized dual-band antenna pair.

As shown inFIG.7andFIG.8, Port1represents a feeding port of the first feeding structure, Port2represents a feeding port of the second feeding structure, Slot CM represents the fundamental mode of the slot antenna, Wire DM represents the fundamental mode of the second radiating element, Wire CM represents the fundamental mode of the third radiating element, and Slot DM represents the second mode of the slot antenna. The four circuit distribution diagrams inFIG.8respectively represent a current distribution diagram when the feeding port of the first feeding structure feeds power so that the fundamental mode of the slot antenna covers a 2.4 GHz Wi-Fi signal, a current distribution diagram when the feeding port of the first feeding structure feeds power so that the fundamental mode of the second radiating element covers a 5 GHz Wi-Fi signal, a current distribution diagram when the feeding port of the second feeding structure feeds power so that the fundamental mode of the third radiating element covers a 2.4 GHz Wi-Fi signal, and a current distribution diagram when the feeding port of the second feeding structure feeds power so that the second mode of the slot antenna covers a 5 GHz Wi-Fi signal.

As shown inFIG.8, distribution of points in the figure represents simulated current distribution of the first radiating element10, the second radiating element20, and the third radiating element30, and an area circled by a dotted line is an area in which a current is relatively strong. The slot antenna forms a current loop under an action of the first feeding structure40, and the current loop may be equivalent to a magnetic current. The first feeding structure40is placed at a position at which a current is relatively strong on the first radiating element10and the second radiating element20(that is, an area in which a current is relatively strong in the grounding area110), so that fundamental modes of the two radiators (that is, the fundamental mode of the slot antenna and the fundamental mode of the second radiating element20) can be excited in the magnetic coupling manner. Resonance frequencies of the two radiation modes are different, and therefore are in two frequency bands. In this case, the first antenna130, formed by the second radiating element20and the slot antenna formed by the first radiating element10, may implement dual-band working. Similarly, for the second antenna140, formed by the third radiating element30and the slot antenna formed by the first radiating element10, the third radiating element30obtains a fundamental mode in one frequency band through direct feeding of the second feeding structure50. Then, the third radiating element30is used as an excitation source of the slot antenna, and the third radiating element30is disposed at a position at which an electric field of the second mode of the slot antenna is relatively strong, so that electrical coupling is generated, and the slot antenna is excited to obtain a second mode of the first radiating element10. The second antenna140may also implement dual-band working.

In this embodiment, sizes of the first antenna and the second antenna are related to the fundamental mode of the slot antenna, the fundamental mode of the second radiating element, the fundamental mode of the third radiating element, and the second mode of the slot antenna. Therefore, in a state of the fundamental mode of the slot antenna, a size of the slot antenna in a length direction (a size extending in a first direction) is a quarter wavelength, and sizes of the second radiating element and the third radiating element in the first direction are also a quarter wavelength in a corresponding resonance frequency status. Sizes of the first antenna and the second antenna extending in the first direction are greater than sizes of the first antenna and the second antenna extending in another direction. By using the design of an embodiment of this application, the sizes of the first antenna and the second antenna may be controlled, to facilitate a miniaturization design.

In a specific implementation, as shown inFIG.2, a Wi-Fi antenna is used as an example. A panel of the substrate190is a rectangle, a length of the rectangle is 120 mm, and a width of the rectangle is 60 mm. In other words, a panel size of the substrate190is 120 mm*60 mm. The size of the slot antenna in the first direction is 22 mm, and a size of the slot antenna in a second direction is 5 mm. Because the second radiating element20is located in the slot antenna, a size of the first antenna is 22 mm*5 mm. In a direction perpendicular to the panel of the substrate190, a size of the electrical radiating element30is 5 mm. Therefore, it may be concluded that a total size of the first antenna formed by the slot antenna and the second radiating element20and the second antenna formed by the slot antenna and the third radiating element30is 22 mm*5 mm*5 mm. In this embodiment, the slot antenna is fed by the first feeding structure40in the magnetic coupling manner, and at 2.4 GHz, the slot antenna requires only one quarter wavelength to generate a first resonance mode. If a common direct feeding manner is used, a half wavelength is required to generate the first resonance mode. That is, a length of the slot antenna in the first direction in an embodiment of this application is reduced by half than a length of the slot antenna in a common feeding mode, thereby greatly reducing design space.

A parameter simulation result of an antenna is shown inFIG.5. It may be learned that bandwidth of the antenna can well cover a range of Wi-Fi 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz frequency bands, and isolation between the two frequency bands is greater than 15 dB.FIG.6is a diagram of simulation efficiency of the antenna apparatus. It may be learned from the diagram that values at two frequencies 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz are both greater than −3 dB, which meets a requirement of normal use of the antenna.FIG.7shows directivity patterns of the first antenna and the second antenna at the frequencies 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz. Specifically, Port1is used as a feeding port of the first feeding structure, the fundamental mode (Slot CM) of the slot antenna and the fundamental mode (Wire DM) of the second radiating element that are of the first antenna are excited at the two frequencies 24 GHz, and 5 GHz, and corresponding directivity factor values are 4.127 dBi and 4.926 dBi. Port2is used as a feeding port of the second feeding structure, the fundamental mode (Wire CM) of the third radiating element and the second mode (Slot DM) of the slot antenna that are of the second antenna are excited at the two frequencies 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz, and corresponding directivity factor values are 4.344 dBi and 5.999 dBi. Therefore, the antenna apparatus meets a working requirement of a dual-hand antenna.

In a possible implementation, at the first resonance frequency, a resonance mode of the slot antenna and a resonance mode of the third radiating element are orthogonal in polarization. That is, at the first resonance frequency, an electric field of the fundamental mode of the slot antenna is horizontally polarized, an electric field of the fundamental mode of the third radiator element is vertically polarized, and the two resonance modes of horizontal polarization and vertical polarization are orthogonal to each other. That is, the resonance mode of the slot antenna and the resonance mode of the third radiating element at the first resonance frequency are orthogonal in polarization, thereby achieving an intra-band high isolation effect. At the second resonance frequency, a resonance mode of the second radiating element and a resonance mode of the slot antenna are orthogonal in polarization. That is, at the second resonance frequency, an electric field of the fundamental mode of the second radiating element is horizontally polarized, an electric field of the second mode of the slot antenna is vertically polarized, and the two resonance modes are also orthogonal in polarization. That is, the resonance mode of the second radiating element and the resonance mode of the slot antenna at the second resonance frequency are orthogonal in polarization, thereby achieving a technical effect of intra-band high isolation. In the technical solution in this embodiment, the resonance modes of the first antenna and the second antenna are orthogonal in polarization in different frequency bands, thereby achieving a working effect of high isolation in different frequency bands of the antenna apparatus100.

In a possible implementation, as shown inFIG.3andFIG.4, the first radiating element10includes a first body16extending along a first direction, the two ground terminals14are located at two ends of the first body16, and the opening12is located in a middle area of the first body16; the second radiating element20includes a second body22extending along the first direction, and the third radiating element includes a third body32and a feeding stub34; the third body32extends along the first direction, the feeding stub34is connected between the third body32and the grounding area110, and an included angle (the included angle may be 90 degrees, that is, the feeding stub34may be perpendicular to the third body32) is formed between the feeding stub34and the third body32; and a junction between the feeding stub34and the grounding area110is the second feeding structure50. In an embodiment, the first direction may be a direction parallel to an edge of a board surface of the substrate190, and the first body16extending along the first direction can ensure that the electric field of the fundamental mode of the slot antenna is horizontally polarized when the first radiating element10is excited by the first feeding structure40. The first body16is connected to the grounding area110of the substrate190by using the ground terminals14at the two ends of the first body16. An opening12dividing the first body16into two segments is disposed in the middle area of the first body16, and the middle area herein represents a range, that is, an area near a middle point of the first body16in the extension direction. As a main working structure of the second radiating element20, the second body22determines intensity, a direction, and the like of an electromagnetic field generated by the second radiating element20under excitation. An extension direction of the second body20is set to the first direction, that is, parallel to the first body16, so that the fundamental mode of the second radiating element20may be horizontally polarized when the second radiating element20is excited by the first feeding structure40. Because the third radiating element30is excited by the second feeding structure50by using a direct electrical connection, the third radiating element30includes the feeding stub34connected to the second feeding structure50and the third body32.

Specifically, as shown inFIG.3andFIG.4, extension directions of the first body16, the second body22, and the third body32are the same, that is, the first body16, the second body22, and the third body32are parallel to each other. The extension direction of the first body16determines an extension direction of the first radiating element10, an extension direction of the slot antenna enclosed by the first radiating element10and the grounding area110, a direction of the electric field of the fundamental mode of the slot antenna, and a direction of the electric field of the second mode of the slot antenna. The extension direction of the second body22determines an extension direction of the second radiating element20and a direction of the electric field of the fundamental mode of the second radiating element20. The extension direction of the third body32determines an extension direction of the third radiating element30and a direction of the electric field of the fundamental mode of the third radiating element30. To ensure that the fundamental mode of the slot antenna and the fundamental mode of the third radiating element30are orthogonal in polarization, and the fundamental mode of the second radiating element20and the second mode of the slot antenna are orthogonal in polarization, the first body16, the second body22, and the third body32are enabled to be parallel to each other, so that a relatively good orthogonal effect may be achieved, thereby obtaining relatively high antenna isolation.

In a possible implementation, as shown inFIG.3, the slot antenna is in a long strip shape, a length direction of the slot antenna is the first direction, and the first feeding structure40is disposed in a middle area of the slot antenna in the length direction. The slot antenna is formed by the first radiating element10in the clearance area120and the grounding area110adjacent to the clearance area120by enclosing the clearance area120. Therefore, the length direction of the slot antenna is related to the first radiating element10enclosing the slot antenna. When the length direction of the slot antenna is the first direction, it means that the slot antenna indicates that the first radiating element10is used as a long side for enclosing, that is, the first radiating element is a long side of an aperture of the slot antenna. A reason for disposing the first feeding structure40in the middle area of the slot antenna in the length direction is: When the slot antenna works, the middle area of the slot antenna in the length direction is a point at which a current is relatively strong, and disposing the first feeding structure40at a point at which a current is relatively strong helps the slot antenna be excited by the first feeding structure40.

In a possible implementation, as shown inFIG.3, in a second direction, a center of the first feeding structure40directly faces a center of the opening12, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction. The second direction is a direction that is parallel to the board surface of the substrate190and perpendicular to the first direction. When the center of the first feeding structure40directly faces the center of the opening12, a grounding area corresponding to a position of the opening12in the second direction is a point at which a current is relatively strong in the length direction of the slot antenna. Aligning the first feeding structure40with the opening12in the second direction helps the slot antenna be excited by the first feeding structure40.

In a possible implementation, as shown inFIG.3, the first feeding structure40includes a first port41, a first tuning element42, and a connection line43connected between the first port41and the first timing element42; both the first port41and the first tuning element42are electrically connected to the grounding area110; and the grounding area110, the first port41, the connection line42, and the first tuning element75jointly form an annular loop, and the annular loop can excite the slot antenna and the second radiating element20in the magnetic coupling manner. The grounding area110, the first port41, the connection line43, and the first tuning element42form an annular loop. After being connected to an external current, the annular loop generates a varying electromagnetic field in space. The slot antenna and the second radiating element20are excited under an action of the electromagnetic field. This excitation manner is called magnetic coupling excitation. The excited slot antenna and the excited second radiating element20respectively generate fundamental modes, that is, the fundamental mode of the slot antenna and the fundamental mode of the second radiating element20.

In a possible implementation, as shown inFIG.3, a vertical projection of the first port41on the first body16and a vertical projection of the first tuning element42on the first body16are symmetrically distributed on the two sides of the opening12. The projections of the first port41and the first tuning element42on the first body16are symmetrically distributed on the two sides of the opening12, and in this case, a center of the connection line between the first port41and the first tuning element42coincides with the center of the opening12on a second direction line. In this case, an electromagnetic field formed by the connection line43can better perform magnetic coupling on the slot antenna, to excite the slot antenna to generate the fundamental mode of the slot antenna.

In a possible implementation, as shown inFIG.3, the first body16extends in a linear shape, and/or a center of the first body16coincides with a center of the opening12. When the center of the first body16coincides with the center of the opening12, the opening12is located at a central position of the first body16, so that the slot antenna enclosed by the first body16and the grounding area110is equally divided into two parts by the opening12in the first direction. In this case, when the slot antenna is excited, the formed fundamental mode of the slot antenna is horizontally polarized.

In a possible implementation, as shown inFIG.3, the first radiating element10further includes a first branch18, the first branch18is connected to the first body16, an extension direction of the first branch18forms an included angle with an extension direction of the first body16, and the first branch18is configured to adjust a resonance frequency of the slot antenna. As shown inFIG.3, the first branch18is disposed at positions near to the two sides of the opening12. In this way, the first branch18increases a hole depth of the opening12, thereby further facilitating adjustment of the resonance frequency of the slot antenna. In this embodiment, the first branch18is configured to adjust the resonance frequency of the slot antenna, and the first branch18with a proper size is designed through simulation by using simulation software, to adjust the resonance frequency.

In a possible implementation, as shown inFIG.3, the second body22is located in a slot of the slot antenna or on a slot edge of the slot antenna. That the second body22is located in the slot of the slot antenna or on the slot edge of the slot antenna means that the second body22is not connected to the first body16and the grounding area110that enclose the slot antenna. In this case, the second body22may be better excited by the first feeding structure40, to obtain the fundamental mode of the second radiating element20.

As shown inFIG.3, the second body22extends in a linear shape, and/or a connection line between a center of the second body22and a center of the opening12is perpendicular to the first direction. In a possible implementation, when the second body22extends in a linear shape, the opening12coincides with the second body22in the second direction, and a structural position at which a current is relatively strong on the second body22located in the slot antenna or on an edge of the slot antenna is a central area in the extension direction.

In a possible implementation, as shown inFIG.3, the second radiating element20further includes a second branch24, the second branch24is connected to the second body22, an extension direction of the second branch24forms an included angle with an extension direction of the second body22, and the second branch24is configured to adjust a resonance frequency of the second radiating element20. A function of the second branch24is to adjust the resonance frequency of the slot antenna, and the second branch24with a proper size is designed through simulation by using simulation software, to adjust the resonance frequency.

In a possible implementation, as shown inFIG.3andFIG.4, the slot antenna is in a long strip shape, a length direction of the slot antenna is the first direction, and the second feeding structure50is disposed in a middle area of the slot antenna in the length direction. It should be noted that the second feeding structure50and the slot antenna may be distributed on different board surfaces. Therefore, if the second feeding structure50is on a front surface and the slot antenna is on a rear surface, an area that is of a front panel and that corresponds to the middle area of the slot antenna in the length direction on a rear panel is a position at which the second feeding structure50is located. In any case, because the second mode of the slot antenna uses the third radiating element as the excitation source, the second feeding structure50feeding the third radiating element30is preferably disposed in the middle area of the slot antenna in the length direction. In this way, the third radiating element30can better excite the second mode of the slot antenna. The middle area herein is merely a range, indicating an area near a middle point position of the slot antenna in the length direction.

As shown inFIG.4, an extension direction of the feeding stub34is perpendicular to the first direction, and/or a junction between the feeding stub34and the third body30is located at a center of the third body30. In a possible implementation, the extension direction of the feeding stub34is perpendicular to the first direction, and the feeding stub34is connected to the center of the third body32. In this case, when the third body32is excited by the second feeding structure50, the electric field of the obtained fundamental mode of the third radiating element30is vertically polarized, and the vertically polarized fundamental mode of the third radiating element30may be orthogonal to the horizontally polarized fundamental mode of the slot antenna.

In a possible implementation, as shown inFIG.4, the third radiating element30is a three-dimensional architecture disposed on the substrate190, a part of the feeding stub34is coplanar with the third body32, and a part of the feeding stub34forms an included angle with a surface of the substrate190. The three-dimensional architecture is an implementation of the third radiating element30. A part of the feeding stub34is coplanar with the third body32, and is configured to adjust a position of the third body32in the second direction. A part of the feeding stub34forms an included angle with the surface of the substrate, so that a size of the included angle determines a distance between the third body30and the substrate190. When a size of the feeding stub34is fixed, a larger included angle between the part of the feeding stub and the substrate190leads to a larger distance between the third body32and the substrate190, and by adjusting the part of the feeding stub, a position distance between the third radiating element30and the slot antenna may be changed, to change a feeding status of the antenna.

In a possible implementation, as shown inFIG.10, the third radiating element30further includes a third stub36, and the third stub36is connected between a central position of the third body32and the substrate190, and is configured to adjust the resonance frequency of the third radiating element30. If the third radiating element is a three-dimensional architecture, the third stub36may also support the third body32on the surface of the substrate, to ensure structural stability of the third radiating element30. The third stub36may include a three-dimensional architecture erected on one side of the substrate. The third stub36may alternatively include a three-dimensional structure and a microstrip structure that is printed on the surface of the substrate, and a length of the third stub36is changed to adjust the resonance frequency.

In a possible implementation, as shown inFIG.9, the third radiating element30is a microstrip structure printed on the substrate190. The third radiating element30is formed in a printing manner, to omit erection of a spatial structure, reduce a processing process, and help control costs.

In a possible implementation, as shown inFIG.10, the antenna apparatus100further includes two first parasitic stubs38, and the two first parasitic stubs38are distributed on two sides of the second feeding structure50, to adjust a resonance frequency of the second antenna140. The first parasitic stubs38on the two sides of the second feeding structure50are symmetrically disposed to effectively adjust the resonance frequency of the second antenna140, so that electric fields of the fundamental mode of the third radiating element30and the second mode of the slot antenna that are generated under an excitation action of the second feeding structure50are vertically polarized.

In a possible implementation, as shown inFIG.11, the antenna apparatus100includes two second parasitic stubs39, the third body32includes two ends, and the two second parasitic stubs39are respectively correspondingly disposed at positions of the two ends. The two second parasitic stubs39are disposed at the positions of the two ends of the thud body32to adjust a resonance frequency of the second antenna140by using the two second parasitic stubs39, and a significance of symmetrical distribution lies in that when the second antenna140is excited by the second feeding structure, electric fields of the fundamental mode of the third radiating element30and the second mode of the slot antenna that are generated are vertically polarized. If a second parasitic stub39is added only on one side, the electric fields of the fundamental mode of the third radiating element30and the second mode of the slot antenna cannot be well vertically polarized. Therefore, the fundamental mode of the third radiating element30and the second mode of the slot antenna cannot be well orthogonal to the fundamental mode of the slot antenna and the fundamental mode of the second radiating element20that are horizontally polarized, and an intra-hand high isolation effect cannot be well achieved.

In a possible implementation, the first parasitic stubs38and/or the second parasitic stubs39are microstrip structures printed on the substrate190. Specifically, as shown inFIG.12, the first parasitic stubs38are manufactured in a printing manner, so that a size of the antenna apparatus100is reduced. That is, in a direction perpendicular to the board surface of the substrate190, the size of the antenna apparatus100is related only to a thickness of the substrate190, and is not affected by the first parasitic stubs38. In addition, the first parasitic stubs38of the antenna are manufactured in the printing manner, so that processing difficulty may be reduced, and manufacturing costs may be reduced.

In a possible implementation, as shown inFIG.10andFIG.11, the first parasitic stubs38and/or the second parasitic stubs39are three-dimensional architectures disposed on a surface of the substrate190. The first parasitic stubs38and the second parasitic stubs39of the three-dimensional architectures can perform a frequency modulation function on the second antenna140, so that the third radiating element30generates the fundamental mode of the third radiating element30under excitation of the second feeding structure50, and the second mode of the slot antenna is generated under excitation of the third radiating element. When the third radiating element30is a three-dimensional architecture, the first, parasitic stubs38and the second parasitic stubs39of the three-dimensional architectures can have a better adjustment function.

It should be noted that, in the foregoing specific embodiment, sizes of components of the antenna apparatus100may be adjusted, to adjust S parameters of the first antenna and the second antenna. Specific cases are as follows:

In a first case, a size of the opening on the first radiating element is adjusted, to adjust the S parameters of the first antenna and the second antenna. As shown inFIG.13AandFIG.13B, sizes of the opening that are represented by a curve1, a curve2, and a curve3are in an increasing trend.FIG.13Ais a diagram showing a variation of an S parameter of the first antenna when the size of the opening is changed. It may be learned from the diagram that when the opening becomes larger, a resonance frequency of the first antenna moves toward a higher frequency, and when the opening becomes smaller, the resonance frequency of the first antenna moves toward a lower frequency.FIG.13Bis a diagram showing a variation of an S parameter of the second antenna when the size of the opening is changed. It may be learned from the diagram that when the opening becomes larger, a resonance frequency of the second antenna moves toward a higher frequency, and when the opening becomes smaller, the resonance frequency of the second antenna moves toward a lower frequency.

In a second case, a size of the second radiating element along the first direction is adjusted, to adjust the S parameters of the first antenna and the second antenna. As shown inFIG.14AandFIG.14B, sizes of the second radiating element that are represented by a curve1, a curve2, and a curve3are in an increasing trend.FIG.14Ais a diagram showing a variation of an S parameter of the first antenna when the size of the second radiating element along the first direction is changed. It may be learned from the diagram that when the size of the second radiating element along the first direction becomes larger, a resonance frequency of the first antenna moves toward a lower frequency, and when the size of the second radiating element along the first direction becomes smaller, the resonance frequency of the first antenna moves toward a higher frequency.FIG.14Bis a diagram showing a variation of an S parameter of the second antenna when the size of the second radiating element along the first direction is changed. It may be learned from the diagram that a change of the size of the second radiating element along the first direction has little impact on a resonance frequency of the second antenna.

In a third case, a length of the third body is adjusted, to adjust the S parameters of the first antenna and the second antenna. As shown inFIG.15AandFIG.15B, lengths of the third body that are represented by a curve1, a curve2, and a curve3are in an increasing trend.FIG.15Ais a diagram showing a variation of an S parameter of the first antenna when the length of the third body is changed. It may be learned from the diagram that when the length of the third body becomes larger, a resonance frequency of the first antenna moves toward a lower frequency, and when the length of the third body becomes smaller, the resonance frequency of the first antenna moves toward a higher frequency. Similarly,FIG.15Bis a diagram showing a variation of an S parameter of the second antenna when the length of the third body is changed. It may be learned from the diagram that when the length of the third body becomes larger, a resonance frequency of the second antenna moves toward a lower frequency, and when the length of the third body becomes smaller, the resonance frequency of the second antenna moves toward a higher frequency.

In a fourth case, the first parasitic stub is adjusted, to adjust the S parameters of the first antenna and the second antenna. As shown inFIG.10, in this case, the first parasitic stub38is disposed on the substrate190in a three-dimensional architecture form. As shown inFIG.16AandFIG.16B, lengths of the first parasitic stub that are represented by a curve1, a curve2, and a curve3are in an increasing trend.FIG.16Ais a diagram showing a variation of an S parameter of the first antenna when the length of the first parasitic stub is changed. It may be learned from the diagram that a change of the length of the first parasitic stub has little impact on a resonance frequency of the first antenna.FIG.16Bis a diagram showing a variation of an S parameter of the second antenna when the length of the first parasitic stub is changed. It may be learned from the diagram that when the length of the first parasitic stub becomes larger, a resonance frequency of the second antenna moves toward a lower frequency, and when the length of the first parasitic stub becomes smaller, the resonance frequency of the second antenna moves toward a higher frequency.

In a fifth case, the second parasitic stub is adjusted, to adjust the S parameters of the first antenna and the second antenna. As shown inFIG.17AandFIG.17B, lengths of the second parasitic stub that are represented by a curve1, a curve2, and a curve3are in an increasing trend.FIG.17Ais a diagram showing a variation of an S parameter of the first antenna when the length of the second parasitic stub is changed. It may be learned from the diagram that a change of the length of the second parasitic stub has little impact on a resonance frequency of the first antenna.FIG.17Bis a diagram showing a variation of an S parameter of the second antenna when the length of the second parasitic stub is changed. It may be learned from the diagram that when the length of the second parasitic stub becomes larger, a resonance frequency of the second antenna moves toward a lower frequency, and when the length of the second parasitic stub becomes smaller, the resonance frequency of the second antenna moves toward a higher frequency.

In a sixth case, the first parasitic stub is adjusted, to adjust the S parameters of the first antenna and the second antenna. As shown inFIG.12, in this case, the first parasitic stub38is designed on the substrate190in a printing manner. As shown inFIG.18AandFIG.18B, lengths of the first parasitic stub that are represented by a curve1, a curve2, and a curve3are in an increasing trend.FIG.18Ais a diagram showing a variation of an S parameter of the first antenna when the length of the first parasitic stub is changed. It may be learned from the diagram that when the length of the first parasitic stub becomes larger, a second resonance frequency of the first antenna moves toward a lower frequency, and when the length of the first parasitic stub becomes smaller, the second resonance frequency of the first antenna moves toward a higher frequency.FIG.18Bis a diagram showing a variation of an S parameter of the second antenna when the length of the first parasitic stub is changed. It may be learned from the diagram that when the length of the first parasitic stub becomes larger, a second resonance frequency of the second antenna moves toward a lower frequency, and when the length of the first parasitic stub becomes smaller, the second resonance frequency of the second antenna moves toward a higher frequency.

In a possible implementation, as shown inFIG.19AandFIG.19B, the substrate190includes a first board surface192and a second board surface194that are oppositely disposed; the first feeding structure40, the first radiating element10, and the second radiating element20are disposed on the first board surface192, and the second radiating element20is located between the first feeding structure40and the first radiating element10; and the second feeding structure50and the third radiating element30are disposed on the second board surface194. On the one hand, the first radiating element10located on the first board surface192and the grounding area110form the slot antenna through enclosing. In this case, the slot antenna is also located on the first board surface192. In this way, the first feeding structure40excites the slot antenna and the second radiating element20that are also located on the first board surface192, to obtain the fundamental mode of the slot antenna and the fundamental mode of the second radiating element20. On the other hand, the third radiating element30located on the second board surface194is excited by the second feeding structure50also located on the second board surface194to obtain the fundamental mode of the third radiating element30, and the slot antenna located on the first board surface192uses the third radiating element30as an excitation source to obtain the second mode of the slot antenna. In this way, dual-antenna dual-band is implemented.

In a possible implementation, as shown inFIG.20AandFIG.20B, the substrate190includes a first board surface192and a second board surface194that are oppositely disposed; the first feeding structure40and the first radiating element10are disposed on the first board surface194, and the second radiating element20, the third radiating element30, and the second feeding structure50are disposed on the second board surface194; and the second radiating element20is a microstrip structure printed on the second board surface194, and the third radiating element30is a three-dimensional architecture disposed on the second board surface194. On the one hand, the first radiating element10located on the first board surface192and the grounding area110form the slot antenna through enclosing. In this case, the slot antenna is also located on the first board surface192. In this way, the first feeding structure40excites the slot antenna in a magnetic coupling manner to generate a first resonance frequency. That is, the fundamental mode of the slot antenna is obtained. The first feeding structure40excites, in the magnetic coupling manner, the second radiating element20located on the second board surface194, to obtain the fundamental mode of the second radiating element20and generate a second resonance frequency. On the other hand, the third radiating element30located on the second board surface194is excited by the second feeding structure50also located on the second board surface194, to generate the first resonance frequency. That is, the fundamental mode of the third radiating element30is obtained. The third radiating element30is used as an excitation source to excite, in an electrical coupling manner, the slot antenna located on the first board surface192, to generate the second resonance frequency and obtain the second mode of the slot antenna. In this way, dual-antenna dual-band is implemented.

In a possible implementation as shown inFIG.21AandFIG.21B, the substrate190includes a first board surface192and a second board surface194that are oppositely disposed; the first feeding structure40and the second radiating element20are disposed on the first board surface192, and the first radiating element10, the third radiating element30, and the second feeding structure50are disposed on the second board surface194; and the first radiating element10is a microstrip structure printed on the second board surface194, and the third radiating element30is a three-dimensional architecture disposed on the second board surface194. In this implementation, the first radiating element10and the second radiating element20are respectively disposed on front and rear surfaces of the substrate190. The first feeding structure40still uses a magnetic coupling feeding manner to excite the second radiating element20, and a second resonance frequency is also generated. The first radiating element10is located on the second board surface194, and the first radiating element10and the grounding area also jointly form the slot antenna with an opening. The first feeding structure40also uses the magnetic coupling manner to feed the slot antenna formed by the first radiating element10and the grounding area, to generate a first resonance frequency, that is, the fundamental model of the slot antenna. The third radiating element60located on the second board surface194is excited by the second feeding structure50also located on the second board surface194, to generate the first resonance frequency and obtain the fundamental mode of the third radiating element30. The third radiating element30is used as an excitation source to excite, in an electrical coupling manner, the slot antenna formed by the first radiating element10and the grounding area, to generate the second mode of the slot antenna, that is, the second resonance frequency. In this way, a dual-antenna dual-hand function is implemented.

The two ground terminals of the first radiating element10are electrically connected to the grounding area110. The grounding area may be a ground plane on the substrate, for example, a ground copper foil. An electrical connection between the first radiating element10and the grounding area imposes no limitation that the first radiating element10and the grounding area110are located on a same layer of the substrate, for example, on a same surface of the substrate (the first board surface or the second board surface). For example, the grounding area may alternatively be on an intermediate layer of the substrate. When the first radiating element10and the grounding area110are located on different layers, the first radiating element10and the grounding area110may be electrically connected by using a through hole disposed on the substrate190.

In a possible implementation, as shown inFIG.22AandFIG.22B, the substrate190includes a first board surface192and a second board surface194that are oppositely disposed; the first radiating element10and the second radiating element40are disposed on the first board surface192, and the first feeding structure40, the second feeding structure50, and the third radiating element30are disposed on the second board surface194. On the one hand, the first radiating element10located on the first board surface192and the grounding area110form the slot antenna through enclosing. In this case, the slot antenna is also located on the first board surface192. The first feeding structure40located on the second board surface194excites the slot antenna and the second radiating element20that are located on the first board surface192, to obtain the fundamental mode of the slot antenna and the fundamental mode of the second radiating element20. On the other hand, the third radiating element60located on the second board surface194is excited by the second feeding structure50also located on the second board surface194to obtain the fundamental mode of the third radiating element30, and the slot antenna located on the first board surface192uses the third radiating element30as an excitation source to obtain the second mode of the slot antenna. In this way, dual-antenna dual-band is implemented.

In a possible implementation, the first feeding structure40, the second feeding structure50, the first radiating element10, the second radiating element20, and the third radiating element30are disposed on a same side of the substrate190. The first radiating element10located on one side of the substrate190and the grounding area110form the slot antenna through enclosing. The first feeding structure40located on a same board surface side as the slot antenna excites the slot antenna and the second radiating element20, to obtain the fundamental mode of the slot antenna and the fundamental mode of the second radiating element20. On the other hand, the third radiating element30located on the same board surface side is excited by the second feeding structure50also located on the side to obtain the fundamental mode of the third radiating element30, and the slot antenna uses the third radiating element30as an excitation source to obtain the second mode of the slot antenna. In this way, dual-antenna dual-band is implemented.

In some other specific embodiments, a lumped element180such as a capacitor or an inductor is loaded at a corresponding position of a component of the antenna apparatus100, as specifically shown inFIG.23AandFIG.23B. The lumped element180in the figure may be designed to adjust resonance modes of the first radiating element10, the second radiating element20, and the third radiating element30.

It should be noted that the first body, the second body, and the third body in the first radiating element, the second radiating element, and the third radiating element in the foregoing embodiment all extend along the first direction. Herein, the first body the second body, and the third body may be in a linear shape, or may be a structure in a curve shape, an arc shape, or a wavy shape with a main extension direction, and may be specifically adjusted based on an actual situation.

The foregoing descriptions are merely specific implementations of this application, but are not intended to limit the protection scope of this application. Any variation or replacement readily figured out by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application shall fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.