Patent ID: 12218111

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

In the following description, for the purposes of explanation, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of various exemplary embodiments or implementations of the invention. As used herein “embodiments” and “implementations” are interchangeable words that are non-limiting examples of devices or methods employing one or more of the inventive concepts disclosed herein. It is apparent, however, that various exemplary embodiments may be practiced without these specific details or with one or more equivalent arrangements. In other instances, well-known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form in order to avoid unnecessarily obscuring various exemplary embodiments. Further, various exemplary embodiments may be different, but do not have to be exclusive. For example, specific shapes, configurations, and characteristics of an exemplary embodiment may be used or implemented in another exemplary embodiment without departing from the inventive concepts.

Unless otherwise specified, the illustrated exemplary embodiments are to be understood as providing exemplary features of varying detail of some ways in which the inventive concepts may be implemented in practice. Therefore, unless otherwise specified, the features, components, modules, layers, films, panels, regions, and/or aspects, etc. (hereinafter individually or collectively referred to as “elements”), of the various embodiments may be otherwise combined, separated, interchanged, and/or rearranged without departing from the inventive concepts.

The use of cross-hatching and/or shading in the accompanying drawings is generally provided to clarify boundaries between adjacent elements. As such, neither the presence nor the absence of cross-hatching or shading conveys or indicates any preference or requirement for particular materials, material properties, dimensions, proportions, commonalities between illustrated elements, and/or any other characteristic, attribute, property, etc., of the elements, unless specified. Further, in the accompanying drawings, the size and relative sizes of elements may be exaggerated for clarity and/or descriptive purposes. When an exemplary embodiment may be implemented differently, a specific process order may be performed differently from the described order. For example, two consecutively described processes may be performed substantially at the same time or performed in an order opposite to the described order. Also, like reference numerals denote like elements.

When an element, such as a layer, is referred to as being “on,” “connected to,” or “coupled to” another element or layer, it may be directly on, connected to, or coupled to the other element or layer or intervening elements or layers may be present. When, however, an element or layer is referred to as being “directly on,” “directly connected to,” or “directly coupled to” another element or layer, there are no intervening elements or layers present. To this end, the term “connected” may refer to physical, electrical, and/or fluid connection, with or without intervening elements. Further, the D1-axis, the D2-axis, and the D3-axis are not limited to three axes of a rectangular coordinate system, such as the x, y, and z-axes, and may be interpreted in a broader sense. For example, the D1-axis, the D2-axis, and the D3-axis may be perpendicular to one another, or may represent different directions that are not perpendicular to one another. For the purposes of this disclosure, “at least one of X, Y, and Z” and “at least one selected from the group consisting of X, Y, and Z” may be construed as X only, Y only, Z only, or any combination of two or more of X, Y, and Z, such as, for instance, XYZ, XYY, YZ, and ZZ. As used herein, the term “and/or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

Although the terms “first,” “second,” etc. may be used herein to describe various types of elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are used to distinguish one element from another element. Thus, a first element discussed below could be termed a second element without departing from the teachings of the disclosure.

Spatially relative terms, such as “beneath,” “below,” “under,” “lower,” “above,” “upper,” “over,” “higher,” “side” (e.g., as in “sidewall”), and the like, may be used herein for descriptive purposes, and, thereby, to describe one elements relationship to another element(s) as illustrated in the drawings. Spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of an apparatus in use, operation, and/or manufacture in addition to the orientation depicted in the drawings. For example, if the apparatus in the drawings is turned over, elements described as “below” or “beneath” other elements or features would then be oriented “above” the other elements or features. Thus, the exemplary term “below” can encompass both an orientation of above and below. Furthermore, the apparatus may be otherwise oriented (e.g., rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations), and, as such, the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.

The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments and is not intended to be limiting. As used herein, the singular forms, “a,” “an,” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Moreover, the terms “comprises,” “comprising,” “includes,” and/or “including,” when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof. It is also noted that, as used herein, the terms “substantially,” “about,” and other similar terms, are used as terms of approximation and not as terms of degree, and, as such, are utilized to account for inherent deviations in measured, calculated, and/or provided values that would be recognized by one of ordinary skill in the art.

Various exemplary embodiments are described herein with reference to sectional and/or exploded illustrations that are schematic illustrations of idealized exemplary embodiments and/or intermediate structures. As such, variations from the shapes of the illustrations as a result, for example, of manufacturing techniques and/or tolerances, are to be expected. Thus, exemplary embodiments disclosed herein should not necessarily be construed as limited to the particular illustrated shapes of regions, but are to include deviations in shapes that result from, for instance, manufacturing. In this manner, regions illustrated in the drawings may be schematic in nature and the shapes of these regions may not reflect actual shapes of regions of a device and, as such, are not necessarily intended to be limiting.

Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure is a part. Terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art and should not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense, unless expressly so defined herein.

Exemplary embodiments relate to a display apparatus including pixels. In the display apparatus according to exemplary embodiments, light emitting devices may be used for pixels that display an image. The display apparatus may include televisions, tablets, e-book display apparatuses, computer monitors, kiosks, digital cameras, game consoles, mobile phones, PDAs, and large outdoor/indoor electronic displays.

A display apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment includes micro-light emitting devices. The micro-light emitting devices may have a width or length of about 1 micrometer to about 800 micrometers, or about 1 micrometer to about 500 micrometers, or about micrometers to about 300 micrometers. However, the inventive concepts are not limited to a particular dimension of the micro-light emitting device, and the micro-light emitting devices in other exemplary embodiments may have a size smaller or larger than the above ranges. Hereinafter, micro-light emitting devices will be referred to as “light emitting devices”.

FIG.1is a schematic perspective view of a display apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment.FIG.2Ais an enlarged plan view of P1ofFIG.1, andFIG.2Bis a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A′ ofFIG.2A.

Referring toFIG.1,FIG.2A, andFIG.2B, a display apparatus100according to an exemplary embodiment includes a support substrate160and multiple display modules110disposed on the support substrate160. Each of the display modules110has a pixel region111in which an image is displayed, and may be disposed along columns and rows on the support substrate160. The display module110may be formed with at least one pixel, preferably multiple pixels, in the pixel region111.

The support substrate160may be formed with an interconnect portion and light emitting devices130, and may be robust or flexible. The support substrate160may have a larger area than individual display modules110, whereby the multiple display modules110can be mounted on the support substrate160. According to the illustrated exemplary embodiment, the display apparatus100may be provided as a large display screen through combination of the multiple display modules110.

Each of the display modules110includes a module substrate120and multiple light emitting devices130mounted on an upper surface of the module substrate120.

The module substrate120of each of the display modules110may include various materials. For example, the module substrate120may be formed of a light transmissive insulating material. As used herein, the module substrate120having “light transmittance” means a module substrate120that is transparent to allow transmission of all fractions of light therethrough, as well as a module substrate120that is translucent or partially transparent to allow light having a certain wavelength or some fractions of light having a certain wavelength to pass therethrough. The module substrate120may include glass, quartz, organic polymer resins, organic/inorganic composites, and the like. However, the inventive concepts are not limited to a particular material of the module substrate120as long as the module substrate120has light transmittance and insulating properties.

The module substrate120includes at least one pixel region111and a non-pixel region surrounding the pixel region111. The pixel region111refers to a region in which a pixel is disposed, and to which light emitted from the light emitting device130travels to be viewed by a user. The non-pixel region refers to a region excluding the pixel region111. The non-pixel region is disposed at one or more sides of the pixel region111. In the illustrated exemplary embodiment, the non-pixel region surrounds the pixel region111.

The pixel region111is provided with at least one light emitting device130. According to an exemplary embodiment, the pixel region111is provided with multiple light emitting devices130.

A pixel unit113refers to the smallest unit displaying an image. Each pixel unit113may emit white light and/or light of a certain color. Each pixel unit113may include one pixel emitting one color, or may include multiple pixels different from each other to emit white light and/or light of a certain color through combination of different colors. For example, each of the pixel unit113may include first to third pixels.

The pixels are disposed in the pixel region111on the module substrate120. The pixel unit113of each of the display modules110is provided with at least one pixel. For example, each of the pixel units113may include first to third pixels as described above. The first to third pixels may be realized by first to third light emitting devices130a,130b,130c. More particularly, when light emitted from the first to third pixels is referred to as first to third light, the first to third light may have different wavelength bands. In an exemplary embodiment, the first to third light may correspond to blue, red, and green wavelength bands, respectively. However, the wavelength bands of light emitted from the pixels included in the display module110are not limited thereto, and may correspond to cyan, magenta, and yellow wavelength bands, respectively, in some exemplary embodiments.

The light emitting devices130may be provided to each of the pixels to emit light having various wavelengths. In an exemplary embodiment, the light emitting devices130may include first to third light emitting devices130a,130b,130c, which emit green, red, and blue light as the first to third light, respectively. In this case, the first to third light emitting devices130a,130b,130cmay be realized by a blue light emitting diode, a red light emitting diode, and a green light emitting diode, respectively. However, the first to third light may have wavelength bands other than blue, red, and green light in order to realize a blue color, a red color, and a green color. For example, even when the first to third light has the same wavelength band, a final color of emission light may be controlled using a light conversion layer adapted to convert at least some of the first to third light into light having different wavelength bands than the first to third light. The light conversion layer may include materials, such as phosphors and quantum dots, which can convert light having a certain wavelength into light having a different wavelength. As such, in order to realize the first to third pixels that emit a green color, a red color and/or a blue color, respectively, the light emitting devices may not necessarily employ the blue light emitting diode, the red light emitting diode, and the green light emitting diode, but may employ other light emitting diodes. For example, although a red light emitting diode may be used to realize a red color, the light conversion layer adapted to emit red light through absorption of blue light or UV light may be used together with a blue or UV light emitting diode.

The light emitting devices130are formed in minute sizes and thus can be mounted on a flexible module substrate, such as a plastic substrate, through a transfer process. The light emitting devices130according to an exemplary embodiment may be inorganic light emitting devices, which may be formed through thin film growth of inorganic materials, unlike organic light emitting devices. As such, the light emitting devices130may be manufactured at high yield through a simple process. Further, individually singularized light emitting diodes130can be simultaneously transferred to a large substrate, thereby facilitating manufacture of a large-area display apparatus. Furthermore, the light emitting devices formed of the inorganic materials have advantages over organic light emitting devices, such as higher brightness, longer lifespan, and lower prices.

The module substrate120may be provided on an upper surface thereof with the interconnect portion, which may include multiple wires (data lines and/or scan lines described below). In an exemplary embodiment, the module substrate120may be provided on a lower surface thereof with an interconnection portion including multiple wires. The interconnect portion may be disposed in the pixel region111and the non-pixel region.

The wires formed on the lower surface of the module substrate120may be connected to a separate drive circuit unit150. The drive circuit unit150may be manufactured as a separate printed circuit board, and may be disposed on the lower surface of the module substrate120to be connected to the wires on the lower surface of the module substrate120. The wires on the upper surface of the module substrate120may be connected to the wires on the lower surface of the module substrate120via through-holes121, which will be described in detail below.

In an exemplary embodiment, the module substrate120may be formed not only with the multiple wires but also drive devices for driving the light emitting devices130. In the illustrated exemplary embodiment, the drive devices may be thin film transistors, each of which may be connected to the corresponding light emitting device130to turn on or off the light emitting device130in response to a drive signal from the outside.

As the first to third light emitting devices130a,130b,130c, various types of light emitting diodes may be employed.

FIG.3is a schematic cross-sectional view of the light emitting device130according to an exemplary embodiment. The light emitting device130shown inFIG.3may be one of the first to third light emitting devices130a,130b,130c.

Referring toFIG.3, the light emitting device includes a device substrate131, a first semiconductor layer132, an active layer133, a second semiconductor layer134, a first contact electrode135a, a second contact electrode135b, an insulating layer136, a first contact pad137a, and a second contact pad137b.

In an exemplary embodiment, when the light emitting device emits green light, the first semiconductor layer132, the active layer133, and the second semiconductor layer134may include indium gallium nitride (InGaN), gallium nitride (GaN), aluminum indium gallium nitride (AlInGaN), gallium phosphide (GaP), aluminum gallium indium phosphide (AlGaInP), and aluminum gallium phosphide (AlGaP). When the light emitting device emits red light, the first semiconductor layer132, the active layer133, and the second semiconductor layer134may include aluminum gallium arsenide (AlGaAs), gallium arsenide phosphide (GaAsP), aluminum gallium indium phosphide (AlGaInP), and gallium phosphide (GaP). When the light emitting device emits blue light, the first semiconductor layer132, the active layer133, and the second semiconductor layer134may include gallium nitride (GaN), indium gallium nitride (InGaN), aluminum indium gallium nitride (AlInGaN), and zinc selenide (ZnSe).

The first and second semiconductor layers132,134may be doped with different types of dopants, respectively, and may be an n-type semiconductor layer or a p-type semiconductor layer depending upon the type of dopant. For example, the first semiconductor layer132may be an n-type semiconductor layer and the second semiconductor layer134may be a p-type semiconductor layer. Alternatively, the first semiconductor layer132may be a p-type semiconductor layer and the second semiconductor layer134may be an n-type semiconductor layer.

Although each of the first semiconductor layer132and the second semiconductor layer134is exemplarily illustrated as a single layer in the drawings, each of the first semiconductor layer132and the second semiconductor layer134may be multiple layers and may include a super-lattice layer in other exemplary embodiments. The active layer133may have a single quantum well structure or a multi-quantum well structure, and the composition of nitride semiconductors for the active layer133may be adjusted to emit light having a desired wavelength.

The first contact electrode135ais disposed on the second semiconductor layer134, and the second contact electrode135bis disposed on the first semiconductor layer132, on which the active layer133and the second semiconductor layer134are not disposed.

The first contact electrode135aand/or the second contact electrode135bmay be formed as a single layer or multiple layers. The first contact electrode135aand/or the second contact electrode135bmay be formed of various metals, such as Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Au, Ag, Cu, and the like, and an alloy thereof.

The insulating layer136is provided on the first and second contact electrodes135a,135b, and the first and second contact pads137a,137bare disposed on the insulating layer136to be connected to the first contact electrode135aand the second contact electrodes135bthrough contact holes, respectively. In the illustrated exemplary embodiment, the first contact pad137ais connected to the first contact electrode135aand the second contact pad137bis connected to the second contact electrode135b. However, the inventive concepts are not limited thereto. For example, in some exemplary embodiments, the second contact pad137bmay be connected to the first contact electrode135aand the first contact pad137amay be connected to the second contact electrode135b.

The first contact pad137aand/or the second contact pad137bmay be formed as a single layer or multiple layers. The first contact pad137aand/or the second contact pad137bmay be formed of metal, such as Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Au, and the like, and an alloy thereof, or transparent conductive oxide, such as indium tin oxide (ITO), ZnO, or others.

The light emitting device130may further include additional functional layers in addition to the aforementioned layers. For example, the light emitting device130may further include a reflective layer for reflection of light, an additional insulating layer for insulation of a specific component, an anti-solder layer for preventing diffusion of solders, and the like.

Although the light emitting device130is exemplarily illustrated as including the first and second contact pads137a,137bfacing in an upward direction inFIG.3, the light emitting device130in other exemplary embodiments may be mounted on the module substrate after being flipped upside down, such that the first and second contact pads137a,137bface the upper surface of the module substrate. The first and second contact pads137a,137bmay be directly electrically connected to the interconnect portion on the module substrate, or through a conductive bonding member.

Referring back toFIG.1,FIG.2A, andFIG.2B, in the display apparatus100according to the illustrated exemplary embodiment, the light emitting devices130are turned on to emit light when a common voltage and data signals are applied thereto, and the light emitted from the light emitting devices130travels towards the lower surface of the module substrate120through the module substrate120disposed under the light emitting devices130.

In an exemplary embodiment, each of the display modules110is connected to the interconnect portion formed on the upper surface of the support substrate160, particularly to a conductive electrode portion163. Various kinds of interconnect portions and circuits (for example, various circuits for driving the pixels) may be formed on the support substrate160, and drive signals may be provided to the light emitting devices130disposed on the display modules110through the conductive electrode portion163. To this end, the module substrate120of the display module110is provided with a structure for connecting the conductive electrode portion163of the support substrate160to the interconnect portion125on the upper surface of the module substrate120.

In an exemplary embodiment, each of the module substrates120has the through-holes121formed through the module substrate120. The through-holes121may be disposed in the non-pixel region rather than in the pixel region111, and thus, may be arranged along an edge of the module substrate120. However, the inventive concepts are not limited thereto, and in some exemplary embodiments, the through-holes121may be disposed in the pixel region111. The number of through-holes121may be set depending upon the number of light emitting devices130to be connected to the interconnect portion125.

Each of the through-holes121is formed to penetrate both surfaces of the module substrate120. Each of the through-holes121is formed with a via123. Each of the vias123includes an upper pad123aformed on the upper surface of the module substrate120, a lower pad123cformed on the lower surface of the module substrate120, and an inner electrode123bcorresponding to the interior of the through-hole121and connecting the upper pad123ato the lower pad123c. The upper pad123amay be connected to the interconnect portion125formed on the upper surface of the module substrate120, and the lower pad123cmay be connected to the interconnect portion125formed on the lower surface of the module substrate120or to the conductive electrode portion163of the support substrate160.

In the illustrated exemplary embodiment, the drive circuit unit150is separately formed on the lower surface of the module substrate120to drive the light emitting devices130, and thus, the lower pad123cis connected to the drive circuit unit150through the interconnect portion125formed on the lower surface of the module substrate120.

FIG.4is a schematic plan view of a display apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment, in which the drive circuit unit150is separately disposed on the lower surface of the module substrate120of the display apparatus100.

Referring toFIG.1toFIG.4, the drive circuit unit150may be provided singularly or in plural as shown in the drawings. For example, the drive circuit unit150may include a first drive circuit unit151and a second drive circuit unit153. The first and second drive circuit units151,153are electrically connected to the lower pads123cof the vias123through the interconnect portion125formed on the lower surface of the module substrate120. The first drive circuit unit151and the second drive circuit unit153may be, for example, a scan driver and a data driver, respectively. The first drive circuit unit151and the second drive circuit unit153may be disposed in regions corresponding to the pixel region111and/or the non-pixel region.

When the drive circuit unit150is not separately disposed on the lower surface of the module substrate120, or when the drive circuit unit150requires a connection to an additional device, the lower pad123cmay be connected to the conductive electrode portion163on the support substrate160. The lower pad123cmay be connected to the conductive electrode portion163on the support substrate160through a conductive bonding member140, such as solder pastes, disposed between the lower pad123cand the conductive electrode portion163. Alternatively, the lower pad123cmay be connected to the conductive electrode portion163of the support substrate160by a ball grid array. In this case, solder balls may be disposed between the lower pad123cand the conductive electrode portion163of the support substrate160.

The support substrate160may be provided with various devices, for example, a timing controller, a memory including EEPROM, circuits for driving the light emitting device130, such as a voltage source and the like, and the interconnect portions including various wires electrically connected to the conductive electrode portion163. The support substrate160may be formed with a gate driver and a data driver, which supply scan signals and image signals to a scan line and a data line, respectively.

Drive signals output from the drive circuit unit150or from various devices on the support substrate160are sent to the light emitting devices130through the vias123, such that the light emitting devices130can be turned on or off to display an image.

As such, the display apparatus100according to an exemplary embodiment may be provided as a multi-module display apparatus including multiple display modules110. For example,FIG.1exemplarily shows the display apparatus100including 4×5 display modules110.

According to an exemplary embodiment, each or at least some of the multiple display modules110may be independently driven, or at least some of the multiple display modules110may be dependently driven in association with the other multiple display modules110. A single image may be displayed by driving the multiple display modules110in association with one another.

According to an exemplary embodiment, each of the multiple display modules110may have the same size. However, in some exemplary embodiments, at least one display module may have a different size from the remaining display modules. Further, at least one display module may include a different number of pixels from the remaining display modules, and thus, may have different resolution from the remaining display modules. Furthermore, when the same resolution is not required in all regions, the display apparatus100may be manufactured by arranging display modules having different resolutions.

In an exemplary embodiment, each of the display modules110may have a shape other than a rectangular shape. In particular, depending on the overall shape of the display apparatus100, the display modules110may have a shape other than a rectangular shape. In addition, the number of support substrates160or the number of display modules110mounted on the support substrate160may be changed in various ways according to the size of the display apparatus100to be manufactured.

In this manner, division of the image or generation of dark lines on an image displayed on a screen of the display apparatus may be suppressed by minimizing separation of the pixel region between adjacent display modules when a large-area multi-module display apparatus is provided. According to an exemplary embodiment, the vias may be formed in the module substrate on which the light emitting devices are mounted, particularly in the non-pixel region directly adjacent to the pixel region or in the pixel region. Accordingly, a separate device may not be required on a side surface of the module substrate for connecting the display module to the support substrate, thereby minimizing a distance between two adjacent display modules by obviating a space for mounting the separate device on the side surface of the module substrate.

FIG.5AtoFIG.5Eare views illustrating a method of manufacturing the display apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment.

Referring toFIG.5AtoFIG.5E, the display apparatus100according to an exemplary embodiment may be provided by manufacturing multiple display modules110and placing the multiple display modules110on a support substrate160.

More particularly, a mother substrate120mis prepared as shown inFIG.5A. The mother substrate120mmay have the same size as or a larger size than the display module110. The mother substrate120mmay be formed of a light transmissive insulating material. The mother substrate120mmay include a pixel region111in which light emitting devices130will be disposed and a non-pixel region surrounding the pixel region111. The non-pixel region may extend beyond an imaginary line120icorresponding to the size of the display module110.

An interconnect portion125(seeFIG.2B) and the light emitting devices130are formed on the mother substrate120m. The interconnect portion125may be formed by various methods, such as plating, photolithography, and the like. The light emitting devices130may be individually or simultaneously mounted on the mother substrate120mby a transfer process.

Referring toFIG.5B, through-holes121are formed in the non-pixel region to penetrate upper and lower surfaces of the mother substrate120m. The through-holes121may be formed by laser processing, without being limited thereto. For example, in another exemplary embodiment, vias may be formed in the mother substrate120mhaving the through-holes121through plating or the like.

Referring toFIG.5C, an edge of the mother substrate120mmay be cut or may be ground to the size of the display module to be manufactured, whereby each of the display modules110includes the module substrate120and the light emitting devices130.

Referring toFIG.5D, in some exemplary embodiments, a drive circuit unit may be disposed on a lower surface of the module substrate120and may be electrically connected to the light emitting devices130through the through-holes121.

Next, referring toFIG.5E, the display modules110are disposed on the support substrate160, and are electrically connected to each other. The multiple modules110may be disposed along columns and rows on the support substrate160. A conductive bonding agent, such as solder pastes or solder balls for a ball grid array, may be disposed between each of the display modules110and the support substrate160to electrically connect the display modules110to the support substrate160.

As described above, each of the display modules is manufactured by forming the through-holes in the module substrate and forming the vias in the through-holes, followed by attaching the display modules to the support substrate through soldering or a ball grid array. In this manner, a multi-module display apparatus may be manufactured through an inexpensive and simple process.

In an exemplary embodiment, a connection structure between the display modules and the support substrate may be changed in various ways.

FIG.6andFIG.7are cross-sectional views of the connection structure between the display modules and the support substrate in the display apparatus according to exemplary embodiments. Since the connection structures shown inFIGS.6and7are similar to that shown inFIG.2B, repeated descriptions of the elements or configuration thereof that have been already described above will be omitted or simplified to avoid redundancy.

Referring toFIG.6, according to an exemplary embodiment, multiple recesses127may be formed on the lower surface of the module substrate120. The recesses127may be formed by laser processing, for example.

As a part of the interconnect portion125formed on the lower surface of the module substrate120, a connection wire129may be formed in each of the recesses127. The recesses127may be formed in an inclined cross-sectional shape, without being limited thereto. The connection wire129may be formed in each of the recesses127. The connection wire129may be easily formed inside the recess127by plating. Alternatively, the connection wire129may be formed inside the recess or in a region adjacent to the recess127by other methods known in the art other than plating.

The connection wires129may be connected to the drive circuit unit150disposed on the lower surface of the module substrate120, or may be connected to the support substrate160facing the lower surface of the module substrate120. The conductive electrode portion163is formed in a region of the support substrate160facing a portion of the module substrate120, on which the connection wires129are formed. Further, protrusions may be formed on the conductive electrode portion163of the support substrate160in regions corresponding to the recesses127having the connection wires129therein to be electrically connected to the recesses127by making a contact. The protrusions may include a conductive material. As such, when the protrusions contact the connection wires129, the connection wires129may be electrically connected to the wires of the support substrate160. The protrusions may be formed of any conductive material, for example, solder pastes, without being limited thereto.

In an exemplary embodiment, the connection wires129may be formed by plating and the like after the recesses127are formed, and the protrusions may be formed before connection between the connection wires129and the support substrate160.

In the illustrated exemplary embodiment, some through-holes121may be disposed in the pixel region111, and the via123may be formed in each of the through-holes121. The vias123may be disposed in the pixel region111, and some vias123may be disposed to overlap light emitting devices130. For example, the vias123may be disposed in regions in which first and second contact pads of the light emitting devices130are formed.

Accordingly, the first and second contact pads of the light emitting devices130may be connected to the connection wires129disposed on the lower surface of the module substrate120by the vias123in the pixel region111. In some exemplary embodiments, the through-holes121and the vias123may be formed in the non-pixel region rather than in the pixel region111, and some of the through-holes121and the vias123may be formed in regions corresponding to the recesses127in the pixel region111.

Referring toFIG.7, the support substrate160is disposed to face the module substrate120, and has a hole161corresponding to each of the through-holes121. The via123may be integrally formed with the through-hole121and the hole161to contact the conductive electrode portion163. The support substrate160may have a side portion163band an upper surface portion163ato facilitate electrical contact with the via123.

In the illustrated exemplary embodiment, the holes161are formed at locations of the support substrate160corresponding to the through-holes121, and then the vias123may be formed in the through-holes121and the holes161of the support substrate160. Each via123may be formed by filling the through-hole121and the hole161of the support substrate160with a conductive material. Alternatively, the via123may be formed using a separate material and inserted into the through-hole121and the hole161of the support substrate160.

FIG.8is a structural view of a display apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment.

Referring toFIG.8, the display apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment includes a timing controller155, a first driver151, a second driver153, an interconnect portion, and pixels including the first to third light emitting devices130a,130b,130c. The first driver151and the second driver153may be a scan driver and a data driver, respectively, and will hereinafter be referred to as the scan driver and the data driver, respectively.

Each of the pixels is individually connected to the scan driver151and the data driver153through the interconnect portion.

The timing controller155receives image data and various control signals for driving the display apparatus from the outside, such as from a system that transmits the image data. Then, the timing controller155sends the image data to the data driver153after rearrangement of the received image data. In addition, the timing controller155generates scan control signals and data control signals for driving the scan driver151and the data driver153, and sends the scan control signals and the data control signals to the scan driver151and the data driver153, respectively.

The scan driver151receives the scan control signals sent from the timing controller155, and generates scan signals corresponding thereto.

The data driver153receives the data control signals and the image data sent from the timing controller155, and generates data signals corresponding thereto.

The interconnect portion includes multiple signal wires. In particular, the interconnect portion includes first wires103, which connect the scan driver151to the pixels, and second wires102, which connect the data driver153to the pixels. The first wires103may be scan lines and the second wires102may be data lines. The connecting portion may further include wires that connect the timing controller155to the scan driver151, the data driver153, and other components.

The scan signals generated by the scan driver151are sent to the pixels through the scan lines103. The data signals generated by the data driver153are sent to the data lines102. The data signals sent to the data lines102are input to the pixels selected by the scan signals.

The pixels are connected to the scan lines103and the data lines102. The pixels selectively emit light in response to the data signals input through the data lines102when the scan signals are supplied to the pixels from the scan lines103. For example, in each frame period, each of the pixels emits light at brightness corresponding to the data signal input thereto. In response to data signals corresponding to black brightness, the pixels do not emit light to implement a black mode for the corresponding frame period.

In an exemplary embodiment, the pixels may be driven in a passive manner or in an active manner. When the display apparatus driven in the active manner, first and second pixel power may be further provided to drive the display apparatus together with the scan signal and data signal.

The light emitting devices may be arranged in various shapes in the pixel region to form a pixel unit.

FIG.9is an enlarged plan view of P1ofFIG.1according to another exemplary embodiment.

Referring toFIG.9, the pixel region111of the module substrate120may be provided with the multiple light emitting devices130. The multiple light emitting devices130may be arranged in various shapes to form a pixel unit. In the pixel unit ofFIG.2A, the first to third light emitting devices130a,130b,130care arranged in a triangular shape. In the illustrated exemplary embodiment, multiple light emitting devices130may be arranged in the pixel unit in a matrix, as shown inFIG.9. For example, the first to third light emitting devices130a,130b,130cmay be alternately arranged along columns or rows, or along both columns and rows as a pixel unit. As another example, the first light emitting devices, the second light emitting devices, and the third light emitting devices130a,130b,130cmay be sequentially repeated along columns or rows, or along both columns and rows as a pixel unit.

FIG.10Ais an enlarged plan view of P1ofFIG.1according to still another exemplary embodiment.FIG.10Bis a schematic cross-sectional view of the light emitting device shown inFIG.10A.

Referring toFIG.10A, the pixel region111of the module substrate120is provided with multiple light emitting devices230, each of which may form a pixel unit. Each of the light emitting devices230may include multiple epitaxial stacks that emit light of different colors. For example, each of the light emitting devices230may include first to third epitaxial stacks231,233,235sequentially stacked one above another, as shown inFIG.10B.

Each of the epitaxial stacks may emit light of a certain color in the visible spectrum. The first epitaxial stack231may emit light of a first color, the second epitaxial stack233may emit light of a second color, and the third epitaxial stack235may emit light of a third color. The first to third colors may be different colors from one another, and may have sequentially decreasing wavelengths in different wavelength bands. In particular, the first to third colors may have different short wavelength bands that have gradually increasing energy from the first color to the third color. For example, the first color may be red, the second color may be green, and the third color may be blue. However, the inventive concepts are not limited thereto, and the sequence of the first to third colors may be changed depending upon the lamination sequence of the first to third epitaxial stacks231,233,235.

As described above, since one pixel unit may be formed by mounting one light emitting stack rather than using the multiple light emitting devices, more pixel units may be formed in a unit area and the manufacturing method thereof may be significantly simplified.

FIG.11is a schematic plan view of light emitting devices according to another exemplary embodiment.

Referring toFIG.11, light emitting devices130(e.g.,130a,130b, and130c) are arranged on a display modules110, as described in reference withFIG.9. However, the light emitting devices130a,130b, and130caccording to the illustrated exemplary embodiment are disposed on an auxiliary substrate141to be arranged on the display module110, and thus, the pixel unit113includes the auxiliary substrate141. The auxiliary substrate141may be, for example, a sapphire substrate, without being limited thereto.

Exemplary embodiments provide a large-area display apparatus that minimizes division of an image or generation of a dark line on the image.

Although certain exemplary embodiments and implementations have been described herein, other embodiments and modifications will be apparent from this description. Accordingly, the inventive concepts are not limited to such embodiments, but rather to the broader scope of the appended claims and various obvious modifications and equivalent arrangements as would be apparent to a person of ordinary skill in the art.