Patent ID: 12246084

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The copolymer suitable for use in compositions of the present invention comprises acrylamidopropyltrimonium chloride. Preferably, the copolymer also comprises acrylamide in addition to the acrylamidopropyltrimonium chloride. Particularly preferred copolymer is a copolymer of acrylamidopropyltrimonium chloride and acrylamide.

The copolymer according to the present invention preferably has a charge density of from 1.0 to 3.0 meq per gram (meq/g), more preferably from 1.1 to 2.5 meq/g, more preferably still from 1.2 to 2.5 meq/g and most preferably from 1.3 to 2.5 meq/g. The copolymer preferably has a molecular weight of from 100,000 to 3,000,000 gram per mole (g/mol), more preferably from 500,000 to 2,800,000 g/mol, more preferably still from 800,000 to 2,500,000 g/mol, most preferably from 1,000,000 to 2,500,000 g/mol. An example of a suitable copolymer is commercially available from Ashland under the trade name N-Hance SP-100®. N-Hance SP-100® has a charge density of from 1.8 to 2.2 meq/g and a molecular weight of from 1,800,000 to 2,200,000 g/mol.

The hair care composition of the present invention typically comprises the copolymer in an amount of from 0.001 to 2%, more preferably from 0.01 to 1%, even more preferably from 0.01 to 0.8% and most preferably from 0.05 to 0.5%, based on total weight of the hair care composition and including all ranges subsumed therein.

The hair care composition comprises anti-dandruff agents, which are compounds that are active against dandruff and are typically anti-microbial agents and preferably anti-fungal agents. Suitable anti-dandruff agents that may be used in this invention are selected from piroctone olamine (Octopirox®), selenium sulfide and mixtures thereof. In an especially preferred embodiment, the anti-dandruff agent is piroctone olamine.

Typically, the hair care composition of the invention comprises the anti-dandruff agent in an amount of from 0.01 to 10%, more preferably from 0.01 to 5%, more preferably still from 0.05 to 2%, and most preferably from 0.05 to 1.5%, based on total weight of the hair care composition and including all ranges subsumed therein.

It has been found that the copolymer of the present invention unexpectedly enhances deposition of anti-dandruff agents. The composition comprises the copolymer and the anti-dandruff agent in a weight ratio of from 1:5 to 1:1, preferably from 1:4 to 1:1, and most preferably from 1:4 to 1:1.5.

The pH of the composition is preferably equal to or higher than 4.0, more preferably in the range of 4.0 to 7.0.

In addition to the copolymer, it is preferable that the hair care composition also comprises other cationic polymers. Suitable cationic polymers may be homopolymers or be formed from two or more types of monomers. The molecular weight of the polymer will generally be between 5,000 and 10,000,000 g/mol, typically at least 10,000 g/mol and preferably from 100,000 to 2,000,000 g/mol. The polymers will have cationic nitrogen containing groups such as quaternary ammonium or protonated amino groups, or a mixture thereof. The cationic nitrogen containing group will generally be present as a substituent on a fraction of the total monomer units of the cationic polymer. Thus when the polymer is not a homopolymer it can contain spacer non-cationic monomer units. The ratio of the cationic to non-cationic monomer units is selected to give a polymer having a cationic charge density in the required range.

Suitable cationic polymers include, for example, copolymers of vinyl monomers having cationic amine or quaternary ammonium functionalities with water soluble spacer monomers such as (meth)acrylamide, alkyl and dialkyl (meth) acrylamides, alkyl (meth)acrylate, vinyl caprolactone and vinyl pyrrolidine. The alkyl and dialkyl substituted monomers preferably have C1-C7alkyl groups, more preferably C1-C3alkyl groups. Other suitable spacers include vinyl esters, vinyl alcohol, maleic anhydride, propylene glycol and ethylene glycol.

Preferably, the cationic polymer is a cationic polysaccharide polymer such as cationic guar, cationic starch, and cationic cellulose. Suitably, such cationic polysaccharide polymers have a molecular weight of from 100,000 g/mol to 2,300,000 g/mol, more preferably from 150,000 g/mol to 2,000,000 g/mol. Such cationic polysaccharide polymers preferably have a cationic charge density from 0.1 to 4 meq/g.

Cationic polysaccharide polymers suitable for use in compositions of this invention include those represented by the general formula:
A-O—[R1—N+(R2)(R3)(R4)X−]
wherein: A is an anhydroglucose residual group, such as a starch or cellulose anhydroglucose residual. R1is an alkylene, oxyalkylene, polyoxyalkylene, or hydroxyalkylene group, or combination thereof. R2, R3and R4independently represent alkyl, aryl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, alkoxyalkyl, or alkoxyaryl groups, each group containing up to about 18 carbon atoms. The total number of carbon atoms for each cationic moiety (i.e., the sum of carbon atoms in R2, R3and R4) is preferably about 20 or less, and X is an anionic counterion.

Cationic cellulose is available from Amerchol Corp. (Edison, NJ, USA) in their Polymer JR (trade mark) and LR (trade mark) series of polymers, as salts of hydroxyethyl cellulose reacted with trimethyl ammonium substituted epoxide, referred to in the industry (CTFA) as Polyquaternium 10. Another type of cationic cellulose includes the polymeric quaternary ammonium salts of hydroxyethyl cellulose reacted with lauryl dimethyl ammonium-substituted epoxide, referred to in the industry (CTFA) as Polyquaternium 24. These materials are available from Amerchol Corp. (Edison, NJ, USA) under the tradename Polymer LM-200.

Other suitable cationic polysaccharide polymers include quaternary nitrogen-containing cellulose ethers (e.g. as described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,962,418) and copolymers of etherified cellulose and starch (e.g. as described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,958,581).

A particularly preferred type of cationic polysaccharide polymer that can be used in compositions of the present invention is a cationic guar gum derivative, such as guar hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride (for example, commercially available from Solvay in their Jaguar trademark series or from Ashland in their N-Hance trademark series). Examples of such materials are Jaguar® C-13S, Jaguar® C-14S, Jaguar® C-17, Jaguar® Excel, Jaguar® C-162, Jaguar® C-500, Jaguar® Optima, Jaguar® LS, N-Hance™ BF17, N-Hance™ BF13 and N-Hance™ CCG45.

Mixtures of any of the above cationic polymers may be used. The cationic polymer preferably comprises cationic cellulose, cationic guar or mixtures thereof. Guar hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride is particularly preferred.

When used, the cationic polymer will generally be present in the hair care composition of the present invention in an amount of from 0.001 to 1% by weight of the hair care composition, more preferably from 0.01 to 0.5%, and most preferably from 0.03 to 0.3%, based on total weight of the hair care composition and including all ranges subsumed therein.

The hair care composition may additionally comprise a conditioning agent to provide conditioning benefit. Preferably, the hair care composition comprises discrete dispersed droplets of a water-insoluble conditioning agent, which has a mean droplet diameter (D3,2) of less than 15 microns, preferably less than 10 microns, more preferably less than 5 microns, most preferably less than 3 microns. The mean droplet diameter (D3,2) of a water-insoluble conditioning agent may be measured by means of a laser light scattering technique, for example using a 2600D Particle Sizer from Malvern Instruments.

The water-insoluble conditioning agent may include non-silicone conditioning agent comprising non-silicone oily or fatty materials such as hydrocarbon oils, fatty esters and mixtures thereof. Preferably, the water-insoluble conditioning agent is emulsified silicone oil.

Suitable silicones include polydiorganosiloxanes, in particular polydimethylsiloxanes which have the CTFA designation dimethicone. Also suitable for use in compositions of this invention (particularly shampoos and conditioners) are polydimethyl siloxanes having hydroxyl end groups, which have the CTFA designation dimethiconol. Also suitable for use in compositions of this invention are silicone gums having a slight degree of cross-linking, as are described for example in WO 96/31188. Preferably, the silicone oil comprises dimethicone, dimethiconol or a mixture thereof.

Suitable emulsified silicones for use in the hair care compositions of this invention are available as pre-formed silicone emulsions from suppliers of silicones such as Dow Corning and GE silicones. The use of such pre-formed silicone emulsion is preferred for ease of processing and control of silicone particle size. Such pre-formed silicone emulsions will typically additionally comprise a suitable emulsifier, and may be prepared by a chemical emulsification process such as emulsion polymerisation, or by mechanical emulsification using a high shear mixer. Examples of suitable pre-formed silicone emulsions include DC1785, DC1788, DC7128, all available from Dow Corning. These are emulsions of dimethiconol/dimethicone.

Another class of silicones which may be used are functionalized silicones such as amino functional silicones, meaning a silicone containing at least one primary, secondary or tertiary amine group, or a quaternary ammonium group. Examples of suitable amino functional silicones include polysiloxanes having the CTFA designation “amodimethicone.”

The water-insoluble conditioning agent is generally present in hair care composition of this invention in an amount from 0.05 to 15%, preferably from 0.1 to 10%, more preferably from 0.5 to 8%, most preferably from 1 to 5%, based on total weight of the hair care composition and including all ranges subsumed therein.

In a preferred embodiment, the hair care composition is a shampoo. Thus in a preferred embodiment the composition comprises a cleansing surfactant. Non-limiting examples of suitable anionic cleansing surfactants are alkyl sulphates, alkyl ether sulphates, alkaryl sulphonates, alkanoyl isethionates, alkyl succinates, alkyl sulphosuccinates, alkyl ether sulphosuccinates, N-alkyl sarcosinates, alkyl phosphates, alkyl ether phosphates, and alkyl ether carboxylic acids and salts thereof, especially their sodium, magnesium, ammonium and mono-, di- and triethanolamine salts. The alkyl and acyl groups generally contain from 8 to 18, preferably from 10 to 16 carbon atoms and may be unsaturated. The alkyl ether sulphates, alkyl ether sulphosuccinates, alkyl ether phosphates and alkyl ether carboxylic acids and salts thereof may contain from 1 to 20 ethylene oxide or propylene oxide units per molecule. Typical anionic cleansing surfactants for use in compositions of the invention include, but not limited to, sodium oeyl succinate, ammonium lauryl sulphosuccinate, sodium lauryl sulphate, sodium lauryl ether sulphate, sodium lauryl ether sulphosuccinate, ammonium lauryl sulphate, sodium dodecylbenzene sulphonate, triethanolamine dodecylbenzene sulphonate, sodium cocoyl isethionate, sodium lauryl isethionate, lauryl ether carboxylic acid, sodium N-lauryl sarcosinate or mixtures thereof. Preferred anionic cleansing surfactants are the alkyl sulphates and alkyl ether sulphates. Preferred alkyl sulphates are C8-18alky sulphates, more preferably C12-18alkyl sulphates, preferably in the form of a salt with a solubilising cation such as sodium, potassium, ammonium or substituted ammonium. Examples are sodium lauryl sulphate (SLS) or sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS). It is particularly preferred that the anionic cleansing surfactant is alkyl ether sulphate. Preferred alkyl ether sulphates are those having the formula: RO(CH2CH2O)nSO3M; wherein R is an alkyl or alkenyl having from 8 to 18 (preferably 12 to 18) carbon atoms; n is a number having an average value of greater than at least 0.5, preferably between 1 and 3, more preferably between 2 and 3; and M is a solubilising cation such as sodium, potassium, ammonium or substituted ammonium. An example is sodium lauryl ether sulphate (SLES). Preferred alkyl ether sulphate is sodium lauryl ether sulphate having an average degree of ethoxylation of from 0.5 to 3, preferably from 1 to 3, more preferably from 2 to 3.

The anionic cleansing surfactants are typically present in hair care composition of the present invention at a level of from 0.5 to 45%, more preferably from 1.5 to 35% and most preferably from 5 to 20%, based on total weight of the hair care composition and including all ranges subsumed therein.

The composition as per the invention optionally and preferably additionally comprises co-surfactants such as amphoteric and zwitterionic surfactants to provide mildness to the composition. Suitable examples include alkyl amine oxides, alkyl betaines, alkyl amidopropyl betaines, alkyl sulphobetaines (sultaines), alkyl amphoacetates, alkyl amphopropionates, alkyl amidopropyl hydroxysultaines, wherein the alkyl group has from 8 to 19 carbon atoms. Preferably, the co-surfactant is a betaine surfactant. Cocamidopropyl betaine (CAPB) is particularly preferred.

When used, the co-surfactant typically makes up from 0.1 to 15%, more preferably from 0.5 to 8% and most preferably from 0.5 to 4% by weight of the hair care composition, based on total weight of the hair care composition and including all ranges subsumed therein.

Preferably the composition of the invention further comprises a suspending agent. Suitable suspending agents are selected from polyacrylic acids, cross-linked polymers of acrylic acid, copolymers of acrylic acid with a hydrophobic monomer, copolymers of carboxylic acid-containing monomers and acrylic esters, cross-linked copolymers of acrylic acid and acrylate esters, heteropolysaccharide gums and crystalline long chain acyl derivatives. The long chain acyl derivative is desirably selected from ethylene glycol stearate, alkanolamides of fatty acids having from 16 to 22 carbon atoms and mixtures thereof. Ethylene glycol distearate and polyethylene glycol 3 distearate are preferred long chain acyl derivatives, since these impart pearlescence to the composition. Polyacrylic acid is available commercially as Carbopol 420, Carbopol 488 or Carbopol 493. Polymers of acrylic acid cross-linked with a polyfunctional agent may also be used; they are available commercially as Carbopol 910, Carbopol 934, Carbopol 941 and Carbopol 980. An example of a suitable copolymer of a carboxylic acid containing monomer and acrylic acid esters is Carbopol 1342. All Carbopol (trademark) materials are available from Goodrich.

Suitable cross-linked polymers of acrylic acid and acrylate esters are Pemulen TR1 or Pemulen TR2. A suitable heteropolysaccharide gum is xanthan gum, for example that available as Kelzan mu.

Mixtures of any of the above suspending agents may be used. Preferred is a mixture of cross-linked polymer of acrylic acid and crystalline long chain acyl derivative.

The suspending agent is generally present in hair care composition of this invention in an amount of from 0.1 to 10%, more preferably from 0.2 to 6%, and most preferably from 0.3 to 4%, based on total weight of the hair care composition and including all ranges subsumed therein.

Preservatives may also be incorporated into the hair care composition of this invention to protect against the growth of potentially harmful microorganisms. Suitable traditional preservatives include alkyl esters of parahydroxybenzoic acid, hydantoin derivatives, propionate salts, and a variety of quaternary ammonium compounds. Illustrative yet non-limiting examples of the types of preservatives that may be used in this invention include, for examples, phenoxyethanol, sodium salicylate, methyl paraben, butyl paraben, propyl paraben, diazolidinyl urea, sodium dehydroacetate, benzyl alcohol, sodium benzoate, iodopropynyl butylcarbamate, caprylyl glycol, disodium EDTA or mixtures thereof. In an especially preferred embodiment, the preservative is sodium benzoate, phenoxyethanol, sodium salicylate or a mixture thereof. Preservatives are preferably employed in amounts ranging from 0.01 to 2% by weight of the hair care composition.

The hair care composition of the present invention may contain other ingredients which are common in the art to enhance physical properties and performances. Suitable ingredients include but are not limited to fragrance, dyes and pigments, pH adjusting agents, pearlescers or opacifiers, viscosity modifiers, thickeners, and natural hair nutrients such as botanicals, fruit extracts, sugar derivatives and amino acids.

The compositions of the invention are primarily intended for topical application to scalp and/or at least a portion of the hair of an individual, either in rinse-off or leave-on compositions, preferably in rinse-off compositions like shampoos.

The following examples are provided to facilitate an understanding of the present invention. The examples are not provided to limit the scope of the claims.

EXAMPLES

Example 1

This example demonstrated the weight ratio of copolymer to anti-dandruff agent can affect the deposition of anti-dandruff agent onto scalp. All ingredients are expressed by weight percent of the total formulation, and as level of active ingredient.

TABLE 1SamplesIngredient1234WaterBalanceBalanceBalanceBalanceSodium lauryl ether sulphate12.6512.6512.6512.65Piroctone olamine (Octopirox ®)0.750.750.750.75Disodium EDTA0.050.050.050.05Carbopol 9800.350.350.350.35Acrylamidopropyltrimonium0.050.100.200.40chloride/acrylamide copolymeraCocoamidopropyl betaine1.001.001.001.00Perfume0.750.750.750.75Dimethicone (DC7128)b0.520.520.520.52Dimethiconol (DC1788)c0.780.780.780.78Glycol Distearate0.6450.6450.6450.645Sodium benzoate0.500.500.500.50Citrate acid0.550.550.550.55Sodium chloride0.800.800.800.80a. Commercial acrylamidopropyltrimonium chloride/acrylamide copolymer under the trade name N-Hance SP100 from Ashland.b. Commercial dimethicone pre-blended with poloxamer from Dow Corning which has a particle size of 10 μm.c. Commercial dimethiconol from Dow Corning which has a particle size of 0.2 μm.
Methods

About 0.2 grams of the test sample was taken on artificial skin (VITRO-SKIN from IMS testing group). This was diluted with 1.8 mL water and rubbed with a plastic rod for 30 seconds. The artificial skin surface was then rinsed twice with water, first time with 4 mL water for 30 second and then again with 4 mL water for 30 seconds. The deposition of piroctone olamine on the skin (10.75 cm2per plate) was measured using HPLC method.

Results

The average deposition (of five such experiments) are summarized in Table 2 (error represents standard deviation for duplicate measurements).

TABLE 2Samples1234Piroctone24.17 ± 5.7422.08 ± 2.8733.30 ± 3.9636.89 ± 3.34olaminedeposition(μg/plate)Samples 3 and 4 comprising a higher weight ratio of copolymer to piroctone olamine showed significantly better (p < 0.05) deposition of piroctone olamine compared to samples 1 and 2.

Example 2

This example is about using different anti-dandruff agents. Compositions were prepared according to the formulations detailed in Table 3. All ingredients are expressed by weight percent of the total formulation, and as level of active ingredient.

TABLE 3SamplesIngredient5678WaterBalanceBalanceBalanceBalanceSodium lauryl ether sulphate12.6512.6512.6512.65Climbazole——0.750.75Piroctone olamine (Octopirox)0.750.75——Propylene glycol1.001.001.001.00Carbopol 9800.350.350.350.35Guar hyroxypropyltrimonium0.20—0.20—chloridedAcrylamidopropyltrimonium—0.20—0.20chloride/acrylamide copolymeraCocoamidopropyl betaine1.001.001.001.00Perfume0.750.750.750.75Dimethicone (DC7128)b0.520.520.520.52Dimethiconol (DC1788)c0.780.780.780.78Glycol Distearate0.6450.6450.6450.645Sodium benzoate0.500.500.500.50Citrate acid0.550.550.550.55Sodium chloride0.700.700.700.70d. Commercial guar hydroxypropyltnmonium chloride has a DS of 0.16 to 0.20 and a weight average molecular weight from 1.0 to 1.5 million g/mol under the trade name BB-18 from Lamberti.
Methods

About 0.2 grams of the test sample was taken on artificial skin (VITRO-SKIN from IMS testing group). This was diluted with 1.8 mL water and rubbed with a plastic rod for 30 seconds. The artificial skin surface was then rinsed twice with water, first time with 4 mL water for 30 second and then again with 4 mL water for 30 seconds. The deposition of piroctone olamine or climbazole on the skin (10.75 cm2per plate) was measured using HPLC method.

Results

The average deposition (of five such experiments) are summarized in Table 4 (error represents standard deviation for duplicate measurements).

TABLE 4Samples5678Piroctone10.16 ± 0.9714.38 ± 2.8——olaminedeposition(μg/plate)Climbazole——8.11 ± 2.037.65 ± 1.00deposition(μg/plate)

It can be seen from the results that sample 6 comprising acrylamidopropyltrimonium chloride/acrylamide copolymer enhanced the deposition of piroctone olamine compared to sample 5 comprising cationic guar, while sample 8 showed comparable deposition of climbazole to sample 7.