Patent ID: 12216259

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

FIG.1Aillustrates a known folded scanning Tele camera (“folded STC”)100comprising an optical path folding element (OPFE)102, a lens104including a plurality of lens elements (not shown), lens104being included in a lens barrel110, and an image sensor106. Lens104has an optical lens height HL, measured along OP112. HLdefines an aperture diameter (DA) of lens104in the y-direction. OPFE102folds an optical path (OP) from a first OP112(parallel with the y-axis in the YZ coordinate system shown) to a second OP108parallel with an optical axis of lens104along the z axis in the coordinate system shown. A theoretical limit for a height of a camera module (“minimum module height” or “MHM”) and a theoretical limit for a length of a camera module (“minimum module length” or “MLM”) including camera100is shown. MHMand MLMare defined by the largest dimension along OP112and along OP108of a component included in camera100respectively. For scanning a scene with STC100's n-FOVT, OPFE102may be rotated around two axes, a first rotation axis being parallel to the y-axis, and a second rotation axis being parallel to the x-axis.

FIG.1Billustrates a known dual-camera150that comprises STC100and a (vertical or upright) Wide camera130including a Wide lens132and a Wide image sensor138. Lens132is included in a lens barrel134. Wide camera130has an OP136which is substantially parallel with OP112.

FIG.1Cshows schematically a known mobile device160(e.g. a smartphone) having an exterior rear surface162and including known STC100in a cross-sectional view. The aperture of STC100is located at rear surface162, a front surface166may e.g. include a screen (not visible). Mobile device160has a regular region of thickness (“T”) and a camera bump region164that is elevated by a height B over the regular region. The bump region has a bump length (“LB”) and a bump thickness T+B. As shown, STC100is entirely integrated in the bump region, such that MML and MMH define a lower limit for the bump region, i.e. for LBand T+B. For industrial design reasons, a small camera bump (i.e. a short LB) is desired. Mobile device160may additionally include an application processor (AP—not shown). In some examples, the AP may be configured to scan a scene with STC100's n-FOVTaccording to a user input. In other examples, the AP may be configured to use image data from a Wide camera such as camera130to autonomously scan a scene with STC100's n-FOVT.

FIG.1Dshows a known cut lens element180in a cross-sectional view. Lens element180is cut by 20%, i.e.180's optical width WLis 20% larger than its optical height HL. This means that also the aperture changes accordingly, such that the aperture is not axial symmetric. The cutting allows for a small HL, which is required for small MHMs (seeFIG.1A), and still relatively large effective aperture diameters (DAs) which satisfy DA>HL.

FIG.1Eshows OPFE102of known STC100in a zero scan position in a cross-sectional view. Here, OPFE102is a prism having a light entering surface190and a light exiting surface191. In the zero scan position, OPFE102has a length LO(measured along the z-axis) and a height H0(measured along the y-axis). The location of a first rotation axis192for rotating OPFE102around an axis perpendicular to the shown y-z-coordinate system (and as indicated by arrow193) and a second rotation axis194for rotating OPFE102around an axis parallel to the axis (and as indicated by arrow195) are shown. A distance from first rotation axis192to OPFE102's light exiting surface191is marked Δ192. A distance from second rotation axis194to OPFE102's light entering surface190is marked Δ194. In a known STC, both rotation axes are located in a center region of OPFE102, i.e. a ratio between Δ192and LOand between Δ194and H0respectively is about 0.5. Specifically, Δ192/LOand Δ194/H0in general satisfy Δ192/LO=0.3−0.7 and Δ194/HO=0.3−0.7.

In the following, a “first rotation axis” of a prism indicates the rotation axis that does neither intercept with the light entering surface nor with the light exiting surface of a prism and which is parallel to both the light entering surface nor with the light exiting surface of a prism, as for example first rotation axis192. A “second rotation axis” of a prism indicates the rotation axis that intercepts with the light entering surface a prism and which is parallel to the light exiting surface of a prism, as for example second rotation axis194. It is noted that the first rotation axis as defined above represents a “fast scan axis” (or “efficient scan axis”) of a STC, as for each degree of rotational movement of a prism around the first rotation axis, s-FOVTmoves by two degrees. The second rotation axis as defined above represents a “slow scan axis” (or “inefficient scan axis”) of a STC, as for each degree of rotational movement of a prism around the second rotation axis, s-FOVTmoves by one degree.

In all examples disclosed herein, the OPFE is a prism having a light entering surface, a light reflecting surface and a light exiting surface. Therefore, we may use “OPFE” and “prism” interchangeably. However, this is not limiting, and in other examples a mirror having a light entering surface may be used.

FIG.2Ashows a STC disclosed herein and numbered200in a cross-sectional view. STC200includes an OPFE202(e.g. a prism or a mirror), a lens204including N=6 lens elements L1-L6, an (optional) optical filter205and an image sensor206.FIG.2Bshows STC200in a top view.

Lens204has an optical axis208. STC200has an aperture209. STC200includes a camera module housing210. Module housing210has a module region214having a module height (“HM”) as well as a module length LM,1and a shoulder region212having a shoulder height (“HS”) that is lower by ΔH than module region214, i.e. HM>HS, as well as a shoulder length LM,2. Here and in the following, all widths (“W”) are measured along an axis parallel to the x-axis, all heights (“H”) are measured along an axis parallel to the y-axis, all lengths (“L”) are measured along an axis parallel to the z-axis.

A theoretical limit for a module height of camera200is “minimum module height” (or “MHM”). A theoretical limit for a shoulder height of camera200is “minimum shoulder height” (or “MHS”). MHMand MHSrespectively are defined by the largest height dimension of a component included in STC200. MHMis defined by OPFE202's height HOplus an additional height required for rotating OPFE202, as shown. In all STCs disclosed herein, a relatively low MHMis achieved by making the two following design choices:1. By locating or positioning a first OPFE rotation axis such as402,452and1306(seeFIGS.13A-13B) relatively close to the light exiting surface of an OPFE, i.e. by relatively small ratios of Δ402/LO, Δ452/LOand Δ1306/LPwhich are smaller than 0.25.2. Using an OPFE such as OPFE202, OPFE252and OPFE1102that fulfill HO<LO.
MHSis defined by image sensor206's height (“Hsensor”) plus an additional height required for rotating OPFE202. Small MHMand MHSare beneficial for incorporating in slim mobile devices such as smartphones and tablets.

To clarify, all camera modules and optical lens systems disclosed herein are beneficially for use in mobile devices such as smartphones, tablets etc.

For achieving realistic estimations, we calculate HMand HSrespectively by adding an additional height penalty of 1.5 mm to MHMor MHS, i.e. HM=MHM+1.5 mm and HS=MHS+1.5 mm. The penalty accounts for movements that may be required for optical image stabilization (OIS), autofocusing (AF) as well as housing, lens cover etc. Note that the value of 1.5 mm is exemplary and by no means limiting, and that the addition may vary between 1 and 3 mm.

Lens204is divided in two lens groups, a first lens group (“G1”) including L1and L2and a second lens group (“G2”) including L3-L6. G1has a maximal optical lens height HG1and G2has a maximal optical lens height HG2, wherein HG1>HG2. G1may be included in the module region214and G2may be included in the shoulder region212. G1has a maximal optical lens width WG1and G2has a maximal optical lens width WG2, wherein WG1>WG2(FIG.2B). Also OPFE202may be included in module region214, and optical filter205and image sensor206may be included in shoulder region212. In other embodiments, entire lens204(i.e. both G1and G2) may be included in shoulder region212. This may be beneficial for integrating STC200in a slim mobile device, i.e. a mobile device having a low height. A large HG1may be desired, as it allows STC200to have a large DA. A small HG2may be desired, as it allows STC200to have a slim shoulder region214, i.e. small HS.

For scanning a scanning Tele FOV (“s-FOVT”) with STC200's native FOVT(“n-FOVT”), OPFE202is rotated along two dimensions. OPFE202is shown in several rotation states which are required for scanning s-FOVT. The rotation for scanning s-FOVTmay be actuated by a voice coil motor (VCM). OPFE202is a cut (or “D-cut”) prism.

FIG.2Cshows another STC disclosed herein and numbered250in a cross-sectional view.FIG.2Dshows STC250in a top view. STC250includes an OPFE252(e.g. a prism or a mirror), a lens254including N=6 lens elements L1-L6, an (optional) optical filter255and an image sensor256. OPFE252is shown in several rotation states which are required for scanning s-FOVT. OPFE252is a cut (or “D-cut”) prism.

Lens254is a cut lens. Lens254has an optical axis258, an optical lens height HLand an optical lens width WL. STC250has an aperture259. STC250includes a camera module housing260. Module housing260has a module region264with module height HMas well as a module region length LM,1and a shoulder region262having shoulder height HSthat is lower by ΔH than HM, i.e. HM>HS, as well as a shoulder region length LM,2. For industrial design reasons, it is beneficial to minimize LM,1, as it allows for mobile devices with a small LB(FIG.3B).

A theoretical limit for a module height and a shoulder height of STC250is MHMand MHSrespectively, as defined above. HMand HSare calculated respectively by adding a penalty 1.5 mm to MHMor MHS, i.e. HM=MHM+1.5 mm and HS=MHS+1.5 mm.

Lens254is fully included in shoulder region262. OPFE252is included in module region264. Optical filter255and image sensor256are included in shoulder region262.

In other examples, one or more of the first lens elements may be included in module region264. For lens254, L1, which has a larger height HL1than all other lens elements, may be included in module region264.

FIG.3Ashows a mobile device300(e.g. a smartphone) including STC200fromFIGS.2A-Bin a cross-sectional view. Mobile device300has a front surface302(e.g. including a screen, not shown) and a rear surface310including STC200's aperture209. Mobile device300has a regular region312of thickness “T” and a camera bump region314that is elevated (protrudes outwardly) by a height B over regular region312. The bump region has a bump length (“LB”) and a bump thickness T+B. From an industrial design point of view, it is desired to minimize a bump area, i.e. to have a short LB. For achieving short LB, module region214of STC200is included in bump region314and shoulder region212of STC200is included in regular region312. This means that OPFE202and G1of lens204are included in bump region314, and G2of lens204and image sensor206are included in regular region312.

Optionally, in some embodiments (also referred to as “examples”), parts of shoulder region212may also be included in bump region314. In other embodiments, both G1and G2of lens204, i.e. the entire lens204, are included in bump region314.

FIG.3Bshows a mobile device numbered320(e.g. a smartphone) including STC250fromFIGS.2C-Din a cross-sectional view. Mobile device320has a front surface322(e.g. including a screen, not shown) and a rear surface330including STC250's aperture259. Mobile device320has a regular region332of thickness “T” and a camera bump region334that is elevated by a height B over regular region332and has a bump region length LB. For achieving short LB, module region264of STC250is included in bump region334and shoulder region262of STC250is included in regular region332. OPFE252is included in bump region334and lens254and image sensor256are included in regular region332. Mobile devices300and320may additionally include a Wide camera such as Wide camera130providing Wide camera images and an application processor (AP). In some examples, the AP may be configured to use Wide camera images to analyze a scene, and, based on the scene analysis, to scan the scene with STC200's and STC250's n-FOVTautonomously. In other examples, the AP may be configured to scan a scene with STC200's and STC250's n-FOVTbased on a user's input. A FOV of the Wide camera (“FOVW”) may be in the range of 50 degrees-120 degrees or more, e.g. 80 degrees. In a zero scan position, a center position of n-FOVTcoincides with a center position of FOVW. A center position of s-FOVTcoincides with a center position of FOVW. In some examples, s-FOVTcovers a 16:9 segment of FOVW.

FIGS.3C-Eshow another mobile device numbered340(e.g. a smartphone) including a STC such as STC200fromFIGS.2A-Bor STC250fromFIGS.2C-D, as well as a Wide camera344. In the following and exemplarily, we refer to STC200only.FIG.3Cshows mobile device340in a perspective view.FIG.3Dshows mobile device340in a top view.FIG.3Eshows mobile device340in a side view. Wide camera344has a Wide camera lens (not shown), a Wide camera aperture346and a Wide camera image sensor348. Mobile device340has a front surface342(e.g. including a screen, not shown) and a rear surface350including the apertures of the STC and Wide camera344. When considered in top view (FIG.3D), mobile device340has a rectangular shape and a device width “WD” measured along the x-axis as well as a device height “HD” measured along the z-axis, as shown. A ratio of WD:HDis in general different from 1:1, and may be 16:9, 19:9 or similar. That is, in general WD>HD. Both image sensor206and image sensor348have a rectangular shape. In the following, a respective width and height of an image sensor is defined as follows: a width of an image sensor represents (or indicates) a largest dimension of the image sensor, and a height of an image sensor represents a second largest dimension of the image sensor. STC200's image sensor206has a Tele sensor width (“WS, T”) measured along the x-axis and a Tele sensor height (“HS, T”) measured along the y-axis, as shown. Wide camera344's image sensor348has a Wide sensor width (“WS, w”) measured along the x-axis and a Wide sensor height (“HS, W”) measured along the z-axis, as shown. In general, Wide camera344is integrated into mobile device340such that WS,Wis substantially parallel to WD. For both image sensors, a ratio of WS:HSis in general different from 1:1, and may be 4:3, 16:9 or similar. That is, in general WS>HS. Image sensor206and image sensor348may or may not have an identical ratio of WS:HS. In mobile device340, STC200is integrated into mobile device340such that WS,Tis substantially parallel to both WS,Wand WD. HS,Tis substantially perpendicular to HS,W. When considering this incorporation of STC200into mobile device340in a side view, image sensor206is oriented parallel to mobile device340(i.e. the rectangular shape of image sensor206is oriented parallel to the rectangular shape of mobile device340). Therefore, in the following we refer to this configuration as “parallel STC sensor configuration”.

FIGS.3F-Hshow yet another mobile device numbered360(e.g. a smartphone) including a STC1250as well as a Wide camera344. STC1250includes an optical lens system such as optical lens system1100(seeFIG.11) including an OPFE1102, a lens (not shown) and an image sensor1106.FIG.3Fshows mobile device360in a perspective view.FIG.3Gshows mobile device360in a top view.FIG.3Hshows mobile device360in a side view. Mobile device360has a front surface362and a rear surface370including the apertures of STC1250and Wide camera344. Mobile device360has a device width “WD” measured along the x-axis as well as a device height “HD” measured along the z-axis, as shown. Both image sensor1106and image sensor348have a rectangular shape. STC1250's image sensor1106has a Tele sensor width (“WS, T”) measured along the y-axis and a Tele sensor height (“HS, T”) measured along the x-axis, as shown. Wide camera344's image sensor348has a Wide sensor width (“WS, W”) measured along the x-axis and a Wide sensor height (“HS, W”) measured along the z-axis, as shown. In general, Wide camera344is integrated into mobile device340such that WS,Wis substantially parallel to WD. For both image sensors, a ratio of WS:HSis in general different from 1:1, and may be 4:3, 16:9 or similar. Image sensor1106and image sensor348may or may not have an identical ratio of WS:HS. In mobile device360, STC1250is integrated into mobile device360such that WS,Tis substantially perpendicular to both WS,Wand WD, which are parallel to each other. HS,Tis substantially perpendicular to HS,Wsubstantially parallel to WS,W. When considering this incorporation of STC1300into mobile device360in a side view, image sensor1106is oriented anti-parallel to mobile device360(i.e. the rectangular shape of image sensor1106is oriented anti-parallel to the rectangular shape of mobile device360). Therefore, in the following we refer to this configuration as “anti-parallel STC sensor configuration”.

FIG.4Ashows STC200fromFIGS.2A-Bwithout module housing210in a zero scan position in a cross-sectional view. The zero scan position is defined by OPFE202's top surface being parallel with the z-axis such that n-FOVTis located at the center of s-FOVT. OPFE202is rotated around a first rotation axis402which is parallel to the x-axis (i.e. perpendicular to both the y-axis and the z-axis shown). Non-cut center axis404indicates a center of a non-cut OPFE202with respect to the y-axis, i.e. if OPFE202was not cut, non-cut center axis404would be located at the center of the non-cut OPFE. Cut center axis406indicates a center of cut OPFE202with respect to the y-axis, i.e. cut center axis406is located at the center of cut OPFE202. As visible, first rotation axis402intersects with the optical axis208of lens204. However, first rotation axis402does not intersect with non-cut center axis404nor with cut center axis406. First rotation axis402is located at distance ΔC from non-cut center axis404. This de-center location with respect to the y-axis of OPFE202is beneficial for minimizing MHM. Image sensor206is oriented in a parallel STC sensor configuration.

FIG.4Bshows STC200without module housing210fromFIG.4Ain a maximal counter-clockwise rotation state with respect to the first rotation axis402. The counter-clockwise rotation direction412is shown.

FIG.4Cshows STC200without module housing210fromFIGS.4A-Bin a maximal clockwise rotation state with respect to the first rotation axis402. The clockwise rotation direction414is shown.

FIG.4Dshows STC250fromFIGS.2C-Dwithout module housing260in a zero scan position in a cross-sectional view. OPFE252is rotated around a first rotation axis452which is parallel to the x-axis (i.e. perpendicular to both the y-axis and the z-axis shown). Non-cut center axis454indicates a center of a non-cut OPFE252with respect to the y-axis. Cut center axis456indicates a center of cut OPFE252with respect to the y-axis. First rotation axis452intersects with the optical axis258of lens254, but first rotation axis452does not intersect with non-cut center axis454nor with cut center axis456. First rotation axis452is located at distance ΔC from non-cut prism center axis454. This de-center location of OPFE252is beneficial for minimizing MHM. Image sensor256is oriented in a parallel STC sensor configuration.

FIG.4Eshows STC250without module housing260fromFIG.4Din a maximal counter-clockwise rotation state with respect to the first rotation axis452.

FIG.4Fshows STC250without module housing260fromFIGS.4D-Ein a maximal clockwise rotation state with respect to the first rotation axis452.

The counter-clockwise rotation direction462and the clockwise rotation direction464are shown.

FIG.5Ashows STC200fromFIGS.2A-Bwithout module housing210in a zero scan position in a top view. The zero scan position is defined by OPFE202's top surface being parallel with the z-axis such that n-FOVTis located at the center of s-FOVT. OPFE202is rotated around a second rotation axis502which is parallel to the y-axis (i.e. perpendicular to both the x-axis and the z-axis shown).

FIG.5Bshows STC200without module housing210fromFIG.5Ain a maximal clockwise rotation state with respect to the second rotation axis502. The clockwise rotation direction512is shown.

FIG.5Cshows STC200without module housing210fromFIGS.5A-Bin a maximal counter-clockwise rotation state with respect to the second rotation axis502. The counter-clockwise rotation direction514is shown.

FIG.5Dshows STC250fromFIGS.2C-Dwithout module housing260in a zero scan position in a top view. OPFE252is rotated around a second rotation axis552which is parallel to the y-axis (i.e. perpendicular to both the x-axis and the z-axis shown).

FIG.5Eshows STC250without module housing260fromFIG.5Din a maximal clockwise rotation state with respect to the second rotation axis552.

FIG.5Fshows STC250without module housing210fromFIGS.5D-Ein a maximal counter-clockwise rotation state with respect to the second rotation axis552.

The clockwise rotation direction562and the counter-clockwise rotation direction564are shown.FIG.6Ashows OPFE202of STC200in a zero scan position in a cross-sectional view. The location of first rotation axis402and second rotation axis502are shown. A distance from first rotation axis402to OPFE202's light exiting surface604is marked Δ402. Here, Δ402=0.5 mm. OPFE202is a cut prism which has a cut bottom corner (or margin)612. Considering the cutting along the z-axis, a cut surface extends from light exiting surface604along a distance Δcut, as shown. Beneficially, first rotation axis402is located within this distance Δcut. This is valid also for all other OPFEs disclosed herein such as OPFE202, OPFE252and OPFE1102.

A distance from second rotation axis502to OPFE202's light entering surface602is marked Δ502. Here, Δ502=4.3 mm.

FIG.6Bshows OPFE202of STC200fromFIG.6Ain a cross-sectional view. A first rotation direction606around first rotation axis402and a second rotation direction608around second rotation axis404are shown. A prism height HPand a prism length LPOPFE202are shown as well. Here, LP=7.1 mm and HP=6.9 mm. Ratios of Δ402/LP=0.07 and Δ502/HP=0.62.

FIG.6Cshows OPFE252of STC250in a zero scan position in a cross-sectional view. OPFE252is a prism. The location of first rotation axis452and second rotation axis552are shown. A distance from first rotation axis452to OPFE252's light exiting surface654is Δ452. Here, Δ452=0.5 mm. A distance from second rotation axis552to OPFE252's light entering surface652is Δ552. Here, Δ552=3.5 mm.

FIG.6Dshows OPFE252of STC250fromFIG.6Cin a cross-sectional view. A first rotation direction656around first rotation axis452and a second rotation direction658around second rotation axis454as well as a length LPand height HPof OPFE252are shown. Here, LP=7.2 mm and HP=6.7 mm. Ratios of Δ452/LP=0.07 and Δ552/HP=0.52.

FIG.7shows exemplary a Wide camera FOV (“FOVW”), a s-FOVTand 9 n-FOVTS (marked1-9) of a known Wide camera and a STC such as STC200or STC250or STC1250. FOVWshows a typical Wide camera FOV of for example 82° measured along a diagonal of FOVW. In this example, a 16:9 FOV ratio of FOVWcovers about 69.4°×42.6° (i.e. 69° in a horizontal direction, 42° in a vertical direction). s-FOVTshows a segment of a scene that can be covered with the STC, i.e. it includes all POVs that can be reached with the STC. In some examples, s-FOVTmay cover a 16:9 FOV ratio of FOVW, as shown inFIG.7. As visible, FOVWand s-FOVThave a “longer side”702(here, along the z-axis) and a “shorter side”704(here, along the z-axis).

s-FOVTof STC200covers 50.9° x 32.5° (50.9° in a horizontal direction, 32.5° in a vertical direction). The 9 n-FOVTs represent maximum scan positions. n-FOVT5, i.e. the (Center, Center) position, represents a zero scan position. For example, n-FOVT1 represents the n-FOVTthat is obtained when scanning STC200maximally to a top-left position, n-FOVT6 represents the n-FOVTthat is obtained when scanning STC200maximally to a bottom-center position etc. Table 1 provides the rotation values of OPFE202around (first rotation axis402, second rotation axis502) respectively that are required for scanning to the 9 respective n-FOVTs. The values refer to a scanning action that starts from n-FOVT5, i.e. the (Center, Center) position. For example for scanning n-FOVTto n-FOVT9 or (Bottom, Right), starting from (Center, Center) position n-FOVT5, OPFE202must be rotated by −7.85 degrees around first rotation axis402and by −15.46 degrees around second rotation axis502.

TABLE 1LeftCenterRightTop(1.76, 21.67)(4.86, 0)(1.76, −21.67)Center(−3.16, 18.49)(0, 0)(−3.16, −18.49)Bottom(−7.85, 15.46)(−4.86, 0)(−7.85, −15.46)

For STC250including optical lens system900, Table 2 provides the rotation values of OPFE252around (first rotation axis452, second rotation axis552) respectively that are required for scanning to the 9 respective n-FOVTs shown inFIG.7. s-FOVTof STC250covers 69.5°×42.58°. This means that s-FOVTof STC250covers a 16:9 ratio of a FOVWhaving a diagonal FOVW=82°, as shown inFIG.7

TABLE 2LeftCenterRightTop(3.63, 29.80)(8.35, 0)(3.63, −29.80)Center(−5.80, 24.02)(0, 0)(−5.80, −24.02)Bottom(−11.67, 18.83)(−8.35, 0)(−11.67, −18.83)

For another STC (not shown) including optical lens system1000, Table 3 provides the rotation values of OPFE1002around a first rotation axis and around a second rotation axis respectively that are required for scanning to the 9 respective n-FOVTs shown inFIG.7. s-FOVTof the STC including optical lens system1000covers 69.5°×42.58°. This means that the s-FOV covers a 16:9 ratio of a FOVWhaving a diagonal FOVW=82°.

TABLE 3LeftCenterRightTop(1.49, 25.54)(5.79, 0)(1.49, −25.54)Center(−4.31, 21.34)(0, 0)(−4.31, −21.34)Bottom(−9.67, 17.16)(−5.79, 0)(−9.67, −17.16)
In some examples, an OPFE may be rotated around one axis or around two axes for optical image stabilization (OIS). In some examples and per axis, an OPFE may be rotated by ±2 degrees or by ±5 degrees around a zero position for performing OIS. In other examples, an OPFE may be rotated by even ±10 degrees or more around a zero position for performing OIS. In these examples, in general a mobile device including the STC includes as well an additional sensor such as e.g. an inertial measurement unit (IMU) and a processor, e.g. an application processor (AP) or a micro controller unit (MCU). The additional sensor is used for sensing an undesired rotation of the mobile device, and based on the sensing data of the additional sensor, the processor calculates OPFE rotation control signals which control a rotational movement of the OPFE that mitigates (or counteracts) the undesired rotation of the mobile device.

FIG.8shows optical lens system800included in STC200fromFIGS.2A-Bin a cross-sectional view and with ray-tracing. A distance ΔLObetween OPFE202and lens204is 2.7 mm.

The optical height (HL1) and width (WL1) of lens element L1may define the optical height and width of G1(i.e. HL1=HG1and WL1=WG1) as well as an aperture of camera200, such that the optical height and the optical width of lens element L1represent also the aperture height (HA) and aperture width (WA) of lens204respectively. The D-cut of L1and G1means that also STC200's aperture changes accordingly, such that the aperture is not axial symmetric. The cutting allows for a small lens heights Hai, which are required for small MHMS, and still relatively large effective aperture diameters (DAs) which satisfy DA>HG1.

In other examples, an EFL of lens204may be 8 mm-50 mm.

G2is D-cut as well. The optical height (HL3) and width (WL3) of lens element L3may define the optical height, width and aperture of G2. Prism202is D-cut as well.

Detailed optical data and surface data are given in Tables 2-3 for the example of the lens elements inFIG.8. The values provided for these examples are purely illustrative and according to other examples, other values can be used.

Surface types are defined in Table 4. The coefficients for the surfaces are defined in Table 5. The surface types are:a) Plano: flat surfaces, no curvatureb) Q type 1 (QT1) surface sag formula:

z⁡(r)=cr21+1-(1+k)⁢c2⁢r2+Dcon(u)⁢Dcon(u)=u4⁢∑n=0NAn⁢Qncon(u2)⁢u=rrnorm,x=u2⁢Q0con(x)=1⁢Q1con=-(5-6⁢x)⁢Q2con=15-14⁢x⁡(3-2⁢x)⁢Q3con=-{35-12⁢x[14-x⁡(21-10⁢x)]}⁢Q4con=70-3⁢x⁢{168-5⁢x[84-11⁢x⁡(8-3⁢x)]}⁢Q5con=-[126-x⁡(1260-11⁢x⁢{420-x[720-13⁢x⁡(45-14⁢x)]})](Eq.1)c) Even Asphere (ASP) surface sag formula:

z⁡(r)=cr21+1-(1+k)⁢c2⁢r2+α1⁢r2+α2⁢r4+α3⁢r6+α4⁢r8+α5⁢r10+α6⁢r12+α7⁢r14+α8⁢r16(Eq.2)
where {z, r} are the standard cylindrical polar coordinates, c is the paraxial curvature of the surface, k is the conic parameter, rnormis generally one half of the surface's clear aperture, and

TABLE 4Example 800EFL = 17.37 mm, f number = 2.35 (Eff. DA/2 = 3.7 mm), HFOV = 12.8 deg.ApertureCurvatureRadiusFocalSurface #CommentTypeRadiusThickness(D/2)MaterialIndexAbbe #Length1A.S.PlanoInfinity−1.5434.0002Lens 1ASP5.8763.0014.000Glass1.4884.110.4243−30.4700.3733.6664Lens 2ASP−34.3322.4333.515Plastic1.6125.6−14.027511.9250.8922.8926Lens 3ASP−30.3262.0432.774Plastic1.6719.214.8877−7.7700.0352.7828Lens 4ASP−22.8961.5912.672Plastic1.5455.924.9809−8.7580.2242.78110Lens 5ASP−69.8241.0172.618Plastic1.6125.6−110.272112962.1710.9272.51612Lens 6ASP−4.6420.3472.497Plastic1.6125.6−8.58113−38.0375.2792.73214FilterPlanoInfinity0.210—Glass1.5264.215Infinity0.350—16ImagePlanoInfinity——Anare the polynomial coefficients shown in lens data tables. The Z axis is positive towards the image. Values for aperture radius are given as a clear aperture radius, i.e. DA/2. The reference wavelength is 555.0 nm. Units are in mm except for refraction index (“Index”) and Abbe #.The same formulas, units and definitions are used also for Tables 6-11.

TABLE 5Aspheric CoefficientsSurface #Conic4th6th8th20−2.45E−061.03E−05−9.26E−0730−7.38E−051.77E−06−1.09E−0640−1.19E−03−1.87E−051.97E−0650−2.78E−04−2.26E−04−8.07E−06601.31E−03−5.27E−047.78E−06705.97E−04−2.77E−04−1.68E−0580−2.20E−031.74E−04−3.81E−0590−1.95E−03−1.73E−04−6.31E−061001.16E−04−8.54E−043.38E−051104.28E−04−7.22E−044.63E−05120−3.11E−03−1.03E−04−6.08E−06130−3.09E−031.09E−048.66E−06Aspheric CoefficientsSurface #10th12th14th16th28.22E−08−2.68E−095.28E−13−2.97E−1431.02E−07−1.97E−09−7.40E−149.91E−1541.94E−07−7.91E−093.55E−124.10E−1352.41E−06−8.91E−081.09E−098.66E−136−2.89E−065.28E−07−1.95E−08−4.33E−1375.15E−06−2.86E−077.01E−096.35E−1281.19E−061.26E−07−6.82E−09−5.07E−1293.10E−072.95E−07−3.40E−081.09E−09108.06E−06−1.52E−07−2.21E−081.29E−10113.53E−062.90E−08−2.34E−086.33E−10123.71E−072.55E−08−6.72E−085.93E−0913−2.01E−06−1.59E−073.54E−08−1.12E−09

FIG.9shows optical lens system900included in STC250fromFIGS.2C-Din a cross-sectional view and with ray-tracing. ΔLOis 2.7 mm, ΔC is 0.15 mm.

The optical height (HL1) and width (WL1) of lens element L1may define the optical height and width of lens254as well as an aperture of STC250, such that the optical height and the optical width of lens element L1represent also the aperture height (HA) and aperture width (WA) of lens254respectively. The D-cut of L1means that also STC250's aperture changes accordingly. The cutting allows for a small HA and still relatively large effective DAs which satisfy DA>HA. In other examples, an EFL of lens254may be 8 mm-50 mm. Prism252is D-cut as well. A s-FOVTis 69.5 deg×42.58 deg, i.e. a horizontal direction of s-FOVT(“H-s-FOVT”) is H-s-FOVT=69.5 deg, a vertical direction of s-FOVT(“V-s-FOVT”) is V-s-FOVT=42.58 deg. s-FOVTcovers a 16:9 FOV ratio of a FOVW=82 deg (diagonal) of a Wide camera that may be included in a mobile device together with the STC.

Detailed optical data and surface data are given in Tables 6-7.

TABLE 6Example 900EFL = 14.1 mm, f number = 2.45 (Eff. DA/2 = 2.9 mm), HFOV = 11.5 deg.ApertureCurvatureRadiusFocalSurface #CommentTypeRadiusThickness(D/2)MaterialIndexAbbe #Length1A.S.PlanoInfinity−1.2463.0002Lens 1ASP3.9811.9413.013Glass1.4884.17.6193−44.2681.2882.9034Lens 2ASP23.0350.2812.448Plastic1.6125.6−8.41054.2240.0202.2326Lens 3ASP3.8320.5312.251Plastic1.5355.732.26874.6841.5042.1998Lens 4ASP43.1470.8692.230Plastic1.6620.47.5549−5.6550.0182.32610Lens 5ASP−9.4560.2382.231Plastic1.6125.6−8.6441112.4233.1602.10012Lens 6ASP−3.0381.0582.193Plastic1.5355.7−14.59113−5.5700.9412.65414FilterPlanoInfinity0.210—Glass1.5264.215Infinity0.350—16ImagePlanoInfinity——

TABLE 7Aspheric CoefficientsSurface #Conic4th6th8th20−3.85E−04−1.13E−05−2.76E−06308.43E−04−5.11E−05−4.46E−0740−1.17E−031.34E−06−2.87E−06502.58E−031.86E−056.27E−05602.92E−03−3.50E−045.10E−05709.39E−04−1.77E−04−2.83E−05801.43E−03−6.10E−04−1.44E−0490−3.91E−03−4.05E−041.55E−05100−2.93E−03−5.10E−042.28E−041105.67E−03−4.18E−049.28E−05120−3.50E−03−7.08E−045.45E−04130−1.21E−029.04E−04−9.24E−05Aspheric CoefficientsSurface #10th12th14th16th2−9.98E−08−5.82E−107.38E−10−1.79E−1032.27E−07−8.02E−09−1.13E−096.18E−1141.51E−061.92E−07−6.49E−09−1.47E−0958.43E−062.83E−071.11E−07−2.77E−0867.31E−061.28E−06−1.04E−07−1.23E−0873.52E−068.01E−075.64E−07−6.36E−088−1.32E−05−2.77E−06−5.16E−079.10E−089−1.41E−06−1.75E−06−4.88E−075.63E−08103.56E−059.70E−07−9.49E−074.30E−08111.35E−05−9.57E−079.48E−07−1.14E−0712−2.00E−04−1.59E−057.95E−06−4.71E−0713−7.71E−06−5.10E−069.72E−07−3.87E−08

FIG.10shows another optical lens system1000disclosed herein in a cross-sectional view and with ray-tracing. Optical lens system1000may be included in a STC such as STC200or STC250. Optical lens system1000includes a prism1002, a lens1004including N=6 lens elements, an (optional) optical filter1005and an image sensor1006. ΔLOis 2.7 mm, ΔC is 0.15 mm. A distance from a first rotation axis to OPFE1002's light exiting surface is 0.5 mm. A distance from a second rotation axis to OPFE1000's light exiting surface is 4.3 mm.

HL1and WL1of lens element L1may define the optical height and width of lens1004as well as an aperture of a STC that includes optical lens system1000, such that the optical height and the optical width of lens element L1represent also the aperture height (HA) and aperture width (WA) of lens1004respectively. Lens1004, i.e. L1and further lens elements, as well as prism1002are D-cut. In other examples, an EFL of lens1004may be 8 mm-50 mm and SD may be 4 mm-15 mm. Detailed optical data and surface data are given in Tables 8-9.

TABLE 8Example 1000EFL = 14.1 mm, f number = 2.45 (Eff. DA/2 = 2.9 mm), HFOV = 15.7 deg.ApertureCurvatureRadiusFocalSurface #CommentTypeRadiusThickness(D/2)MaterialIndexAbbe #Length1A.S.PlanoInfinity−1.1213.0002Lens 1ASP4.3212.7083.018Glass1.4884.19.0463208.5610.5392.8444Lens 2ASP23.8190.7092.712Plastic1.5737.413.8905−11.7280.0622.6886Lens 3ASP−8.4050.3082.646Plastic1.6125.6−6.44077.6780.8112.4748Lens 4ASP−58.0731.9342.505Plastic1.6719.28.0739−5.0620.0382.82610Lens 5ASP−35.4541.7942.765Plastic1.6125.6−11.971119.5401.1572.57712Lens 6ASP−67.4010.5252.551Plastic1.6719.2−15.1091312.0963.3712.90914FilterPlanoInfinity0.210—Glass1.5264.215Infinity0.350—16ImagePlanoInfinity——

TABLE 9Aspheric CoefficientsSurface #Conic4th6th8th20−1.30E−04−1.20E−05−1.85E−06307.73E−04−2.67E−04−5.52E−0640−7.46E−04−4.36E−04−1.63E−0550−1.90E−032.66E−05−1.30E−06601.67E−03−5.80E−048.83E−05703.06E−03−2.99E−04−5.92E−0580−1.90E−033.91E−04−1.26E−0490−1.56E−032.81E−04−1.86E−05100−3.81E−03−1.27E−041.13E−04110−3.87E−03−7.18E−041.83E−04120−2.57E−021.22E−03−4.89E−05130−2.37E−022.34E−03−1.49E−04Aspheric CoefficientsSurface #10th12th14th16th21.87E−07−5.47E−083.88E−09−2.08E−1032.38E−06−1.56E−078.60E−09−2.61E−1045.83E−062.11E−08−4.48E−081.98E−0951.60E−06−9.67E−079.65E−08−2.76E−096−5.04E−065.46E−07−1.04E−074.93E−0973.02E−05−3.15E−063.96E−07−2.26E−0885.48E−061.13E−06−1.54E−075.51E−099−6.04E−061.08E−06−7.98E−082.33E−0910−1.19E−052.81E−071.09E−07−6.13E−0911−3.44E−054.58E−06−4.02E−071.43E−0812−4.84E−06−2.96E−066.02E−07−2.54E−0813−1.79E−061.11E−06−5.00E−084.36E−10

FIG.11shows another optical lens system1100disclosed herein with ray-tracing. FIG.11A shows optical lens system1100in a cross-sectional view.FIG.11Bshows optical lens system1100in a top view.FIG.11Cshows optical lens system1100in a perspective view.

Optical lens system1100includes an OPFE1102(e.g. a prism or a mirror), a lens1104including N=6 lens elements L1-L6, an (optional) optical filter1105and an image sensor1106. Lens1104has an optical axis1108. Lens1104is a cut lens. The cutting is performed such that a height of lens1104(“HL”, measured along the y-axis) is 5.1 mm, as shown inFIG.11A. This means that a cut ratio, i.e. a ratio between which a height of a lens element differs from its width, is 20% or less. Cutting a lens like lens1104is beneficial as of two desired outcomes: it reduces a height of the cut lens itself (what reduces MHS) and it reduces a height of an OPFE such as OPFE1102(what reduces MHM). Specifically, cutting a lens by X % will reduce MHMand MHSby about 0.5.X %-X %. For example, cutting a lens by 20% will reduce MHMand MHSby about 10%-20%.

InFIG.11Cis visible that image sensor1106is oriented in an anti-parallel STC sensor configuration. Orienting image sensor1106in an anti-parallel STC sensor configuration is beneficial as it aligns a fast scan axis of OPFE1102with a longer side of s-FOVTand a slow scan axis of OPFE1102with a shorter side of s-FOVT. Therefore, a maximum rotational movement required for covering s-FOVTcan be smaller than in STCs that use a parallel STC sensor configuration. For example and for covering a 16:9 ratio of FOVW=82° (diagonal), for STC1250(anti-parallel STC sensor configuration) a maximum rotational movement of OPFE1102is 21.35° (see Table 12), whereas for STC250and optical lens system1000(parallel STC sensor configuration) a maximum rotational movement of OPFE252and OPFE1002is 29.8° (see Table 2) and 25.5° (see Table 3) respectively. Smaller maximum rotational movements are beneficial, as they can be provided by simpler actuators as well as simpler and more accurate actuation control.

Detailed optical data and surface data are given in Tables 10-11. An effective f/# based on an effective lens aperture diameter as known in the art is given.

TABLE 10Example 1100EFL = 14.1 mm, Eff. f number = 2.43 (Eff. DA/2 = 2.9 mm), HFOV = 13.7 deg.ApertureCurvatureRadiusFocalSurface #CommentTypeRadiusThickness(D/2)MaterialIndexAbbe #Length1A.S.PlanoInfinity−1.0583.0002Lens 1ASP4.4301.6003.001Glass1.4884.19.556385.6641.0882.9674Lens 2ASP8.6270.8192.773Plastic1.5355.6912.0345−24.8090.1092.7166Lens 3ASP−8.6500.5032.691Plastic1.6125.59−4.54474.2560.5172.4148Lens 4ASP7.5471.6002.412Plastic1.6719.248.4979−22.1210.0372.52010Lens 5ASP5.4210.7882.424Plastic1.6125.59−15.577113.2762.9942.29312Lens 6ASP−17.7910.6832.797Plastic1.5355.69−81.99413−30.2722.3823.00114IRPlanoInfinity0.2101Glass1.5264.17Filter15Infinity0.350—16ImagePlanoInfinity——

TABLE 11Aspheric CoefficientsSurface #Conic4th6th8th10th12th14th16th20−5.19E−04−1.78E−05−4.48E−06−8.07E−08−1.64E−08−8.77E−10−1.34E−1030−1.12E−032.33E−04−4.20E−054.57E−06−4.19E−072.34E−08−6.24E−1040−6.44E−036.51E−04−4.40E−052.04E−068.43E−087.98E−09−1.44E−0950−2.21E−04−4.15E−043.01E−051.90E−05−3.57E−061.45E−074.15E−09607.41E−03−1.55E−032.67E−04−2.54E−052.21E−06−2.67E−071.70E−0870−5.36E−031.97E−04−3.28E−05−1.36E−061.91E−06−4.06E−074.19E−08801.57E−03−1.49E−032.62E−04−8.49E−051.59E−05−2.24E−061.37E−0790−8.09E−035.64E−04−3.26E−047.59E−05−9.18E−065.63E−07−1.18E−08100−3.63E−022.08E−032.51E−04−2.96E−052.33E−06−2.20E−078.14E−09110−2.75E−021.60E−039.49E−04−3.33E−045.92E−05−5.44E−062.06E−07120−1.02E−022.26E−04−1.51E−045.00E−05−8.69E−068.68E−07−3.28E−08130−9.62E−03−1.91E−051.57E−05−3.19E−064.16E−07−3.72E−082.12E−09

With reference toFIG.7, a s-FOVTof STC1250covers 69.4°×42.6°. It is noted that s-FOVTcovers a 16:9 ratio of FOVWof a Wide (or Main) camera such as130having a (diagonal) FOVW=82°. Table 12 provides the rotation values of OPFE1202around a first and a second rotation respectively that are required for scanning to the 9 respective n-FOVTs shown inFIG.7. The values refer to a scanning action that starts from n-FOV 5, i.e. the (Center, Center) position. For example for scanning n-FOVTto n-FOVT9 or (Bottom, Right), starting from (Center, Center) position n-FOVT5, OPFE1202must be rotated by −13.18 degrees around the first rotation axis and by −8.9 degrees around the second rotation axis.

TABLE 12LeftCenterRightTop(9.2, 21.35)(12.05, 0)(9.2, −21.35)Center(−1.99, 17)(0, 0)(−1.99, −17)Bottom(−13.18, 8.9)(−12.05, 0)(−13.18, −8.9)

FIG.12shows a mobile device1200(e.g. a smartphone) including a STC1250in a cross-sectional view. STC1250may include optical lens system1100shown inFIGS.11A-C. Mobile device1200has a front surface1202(e.g. including a screen, not shown) and a rear surface1210including STC1250's aperture1259. Mobile device1200has a regular region1212of thickness “T” and a camera bump region1214that is elevated by a height B over regular region1212. Bump region1214has a bump length (“LB”) and a bump thickness T+B. For achieving short LB, a module region1252of STC1250having a height MHMis included in bump region1214and shoulder region1254of STC1250having a height MHS<MHMis included in regular region1312. This means that OPFE1102is included in bump region1214and lens1104and image sensor1106are included in regular region1212. Optionally, in some embodiments, parts of shoulder region1254may also be included in bump region1214.

FIGS.13A-Bshow OPFE1102(here, a prism) of STC1250in a zero scan position.FIG.13Ashows OPFE1102in a side (or cross-sectional) view.FIG.13Bshows OPFE1102in a perspective view.

OPFE1102has a light entering surface1302and a light exiting surface1304. The location of first rotation axis1306and second rotation axis1312are shown. OPFE1102has a prism height (“HP”) and an optical (or optically active) prism height (“HP-O”), a prism length (“LP”) and an optical prism length (“LP-O”) and a prism width (“WP”), as shown.

A distance from first rotation axis1306to OPFE1102's light exiting surface1304is Δ1306. Here, Δ1306=0.5 mm and a ratio of Δ1306and the prism length LPis Δ1306/LP=0.07. This de-center location of OPFE1102is beneficial for minimizing MHM. A distance from second rotation axis1312to OPFE1102's light entering surface1302is Δ1312. Here, Δ1312=3.35 mm and a ratio of Δ1312and the prism height is Δ1312/HP=0.55.

OPFE1102has a non-cut center axis1332that indicates a center of a non-cut OPFE1102with respect to the y-axis. OPFE1102has a cut center axis1334that indicates a center of cut OPFE1102with respect to the y-axis. Both first rotation axis1306and second rotation axis1312intersect with optical axis1108of lens1104and with non-cut center axis1332. In other words and referring toFIG.4DandFIGS.6A-D, in optical lens system1100ΔC=0.

OPFE1102includes an exiting-surface top stray light prevention mask1322having a height HT-SM, an exiting-surface bottom stray light prevention mask1324having a height HB-SM, an entering-surface left stray light prevention mask1326having a length LL-SMand an entering-surface right stray light prevention mask1328having a length LR-SM. Values and ranges are given in Table 13 in mm. The stray light prevention masks are beneficial because they prevent stray light from reaching an image sensor such as image sensor1106. Stray light is undesired light emitted or reflected from an object in a scene which enters a camera's aperture and reaches an image sensor at a light path that is different from a planned (or desired) light path. A planned light path is described as follows:1. Light is emitted or reflected by an object in a scene.2. Light enters a camera's aperture.3. For examples where the OPFE is a mirror, light is reflected once at the mirror's surface. For examples where the OPFE is a prism, light passes once a light entering surface of the prism, is reflected once at the prism's reflective surface, and then passes once a light exiting surface of the prism.4. Light passes once all surfaces of a lens.5. Light impinges on an image sensor.
Light that reaches an image sensor on any light path other than the planned light path described above is considered undesired and referred to as stray light.
Values and ranges are given in Table 13 in mm.

LP-O/LP=0.76, i.e. left stray light prevention mask1326and right stray light prevention mask1328, which are located at the light entering surface1302, together cover a surface area of more than 20% and less than 30% of the area of the light entering surface1302. HP-O/HP=0.83, i.e. top stray light prevention mask1322and bottom stray light prevention mask1324which are located at the light exiting surface1304, together cover a surface area of more than 10% and less than 20% of the area of the light entering surface1304.

TABLE 13ValueValue rangeHP6.113-10HP-O5.12-10LP6.723-12LP-O5.132-12WP10.34-15HT-SM0.810.1-2.5HB-SM0.20.05-2.5LL-SM0.830.1-4LR-SM0.760.1-4Δ13060.50.2-3Δ13123.351.5-6
Table 14 summarizes values and ratios thereof of various features that are included in STC200, STC250and STC1230and optical lens systems800,900,1000and1100. HG1, WG1, HG2, WG2, ΔC, HA, WA, DA, HAG2, WAG2, DAG2, HP, WP, LP, ΔLO, TTL, BFL, EFL, EFLG1, EFLG2, SD, HSensor, MHS, MHM, HS, HM, ALT, ALTG1, ALTG2, T1, f1are given in mm. n-FOVT, s-FOVT, a-OPFE and B-OPFE are given in degrees.

In other examples, the values may differ from the values given here by e.g. ±10%, or by ±20%, or by even ±30%.“Type” specifies whether the optical lens system uses a parallel STC sensor configuration (“P”) or an anti-parallel STC sensor configuration (“A-P”).“16:9 W ratio” indicates whether the s-FOVTof the respective optical lens system covers (“Y”) or not covers (“N”) a 16:9 ratio of a Wide camera having a diagonal FOVW=82°.DA is the aperture diameter. For cut lenses, an effective aperture diameter is given. “Effective aperture diameter” means here a diameter of a circular (or axial symmetric) aperture, wherein the circular aperture has a same aperture area as the cut lens (which has a non axial-symmetric aperture).EFLG1and EFLG2are the effective focal lengths of lens groups G1and G2respectively.The average lens thickness (“ALT”) measures the average thickness of all lens elements. ALTG1and ALTG2is the ALT of G1and G2respectively.T1is the center thicknesses of L1. F1is the focal length of L1.All other parameters not specifically defined here have their ordinary meaning as known in the art.

TABLE 14Parameter80090010001100ExplanationTypePPPA-PSensor configurationHG16.005.005.005.10Optical height of G1WG18.006.006.006.00Optical width of G1HG24.40———Optical height of G2WG25.56———Optical width of G2ΔC0.150.150.150.00Lens-OPFE de-centerHA6.005.005.005.10Aperture height of lensWA8.006.006.006.00Aperture width of lensDA7.405.755.755.80Aperture diameter of lensHAG24.40———HA of G2WAG25.56———WA of G2DAG25.24———DA of G2HP6.806.806.806.11Height of prismWP13.5011.0011.0010.30Width of prismLP7.707.707.706.72Length of prismΔLO2.702.702.703.10Distance lens-OPFETTL18.7212.4114.5213.68BFL5.841.503.932.94EFL17.3714.1014.1014.10EFLG121.47———EFL of G1EFLG21969.60———EFL of G2f number2.352.452.452.43n-FOVT25.6°22.8°31°27.40°Diagonal n-FOVTs-FOVT50.9° x69.5° x69.5° x69.4° x32.5°42.58°42.58°42.6°16:9 W ratioNYYYα-OPFE±7.85°±11.67±9.67±13.18Maximal rotation around1strotation axis (402, 452,1306)β-OPFE±21.67°±29.80±25.54±21.35Maximal rotation around2ndrotation axis (502, 552,1312)SD8.005.608.007.00Image sensor diagonalHSensor4.801.682.405.60Sensor heightMHM8.248.848.487.48Minimum module heightMHS6.165.956.185.34Minimum shoulder heightHM9.7410.349.988.98Module heightHS7.667.457.686.84Shoulder heightALT1.740.821.331.00Average thickness of lenselements L1-L6ALTG12.72———ALT of G1ALTG21.25———ALT of G2T13.001.942.711.60Center thickness of L1f110.427.629.059.56Focal length of L1ΔC/HA0.0250.0300.0300.000ΔC/HS0.020.0200.0200.000ΔC/Ho0.0220.0220.0220.000D-cut ratio0.750.830.830.85=HA/WA(Lens, G1)D-cut ratio0.79———=HG2/WG2(G2)D-cut ratio0.880.880.880.91=HO/LO(OPFE)EFL/TTL0.931.140.971.03BFL/EFL0.340.110.280.21BFL/TTL0.310.120.270.21DA/DAG21.41———DA/HS0.970.770.750.85WA/HS1.040.810.780.88DA/HM0.760.560.580.65HG1/HG21.37———HG1/MHS0.970.840.810.96HG1/MHM0.730.570.590.68HG1/HS0.780.670.650.75HG1/HM0.620.480.500.57HS/HM0.790.720.770.76SD/EFL0.460.400.570.50T1/ALT1.732.372.041.60ALTG1/ALT1.56———ALTG2/ALT0.72———ALTG1/ALTG22.17———f1/EFL0.600.540.640.68ΔLO/TTL0.140.220.190.23

While this disclosure has been described in terms of certain embodiments and generally associated methods, alterations and permutations of the embodiments and methods will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The disclosure is to be understood as not limited by the specific embodiments described herein, but only by the scope of the appended claims.

Furthermore, for the sake of clarity the term “substantially” is used herein to imply the possibility of variations in values within an acceptable range. According to one example, the term “substantially” used herein should be interpreted to imply possible variation of up to 5% over or under any specified value. According to another example, the term “substantially” used herein should be interpreted to imply possible variation of up to 2.5% over or under any specified value. According to a further example, the term “substantially” used herein should be interpreted to imply possible variation of up to 1% over or under any specified value.

All references mentioned in this specification are herein incorporated in their entirety by reference into the specification, to the same extent as if each individual reference was specifically and individually indicated to be incorporated herein by reference. In addition, citation or identification of any reference in this application shall not be construed as an admission that such reference is available as prior art to the present disclosure.