Patent ID: 12233571

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

The present invention will be further described in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment.

The process of the spatial aggregate reinforced 3D printed concrete structure provided by the present invention is as follows: the 3D printing device prints building components or functional accessories in layers according to the preset structural space shape. While using 3D printing materials to spatially print the building matrix, the high-strength spatial aggregates are dispersed in the inter layer and inter strip defect positions of the structure by means of precise spatial positioning and quality control. Through the end anchor and snap design at the tail of the spatial aggregate, the electromagnetic signal editing technology can be used to realize the spatial positioning and linking between the aggregates. Through the design of the clasp of the aggregate centroid, it can be combined with rigid reinforcement such as existing reinforcement rebar, flexible reinforcement such as steel strand or wire rope, etc. This construction method can be adapted to a variety of printing processes and spatial shapes. Through the extrusion and hydration hardening of the printing matrix, a spatially strong and tough structure with synergistic force and uniform deformation is formed, which can have higher bearing capacity, deformation capacity, multi-directional crack resistance, and meet the needs of structural functions.

The construction method of the novel space aggregate reinforced 3D printed structure provided by the present invention includes the following steps:

(1) Selecting basic structural member, and using computer topology to optimize the key load combination after spatial modeling to determine the optimal spatial shape in combination with the stress nephogram;

(2) Calculating and analyzing the optimal spatial shape of the determined structural member, determining the key positions where the structural force is unfavorable, determining the printing process of the structural member, determining the basic amount of implanted reinforcements or braided ropes/wires, and the printing and weaving process, determining the type and dosage of spatial aggregate, and carrying out the arrangement of spatial aggregates. The perspective views of spatial aggregates in different directions are shown inFIG.1. The spatial shape, number of limbs, anchor hooks and snap designs are not limited to this form.

(3) Determining the printing process according to the spatial shape of the structural member.

(4) Preparing 3D printing materials;

(5) Editing the electromagnetic signal and positioning push program according to the printing path;

(6) At the same time of printing, the robotic arm sprinkles the spatial rigid aggregate, and the spatial aggregate is linked, and the spatial aggregate is connected with the reinforcement rebar, rope or wire. A spatial aggregate reinforced 3D printed concrete structure is formed at one time after layer-by-layer construction, superimposed and hardened, or after segmented printing, component nodes can be connected through design of preset tenon and mortise and lap with reinforcement rebar or rope/wire to form the spatial aggregate reinforced 3D printed concrete structure.

Wherein, in step (2), the method of determining the basic dosage of the braided rope/wire and the method of printing and weaving process is: determining the weaving range and weaving density of the wire according to the weak surface of the structure, and determining the printing and weaving process according to the skeleton of the structural component and the weaving range and weaving density. Specifically, the weaving range is determined according to the safety factor determined by the stress/strength ratio, the encrypted weaving and ordinary weaving ranges are determined according to the safety factor and the threshold value, and the threshold value is determined according to the actual engineering situation.

Embodiment 1 Construction Method of Space Truss Girder as a Structural Member of Bridge

1. Determining the structural form and spatial structure according to the structural and functional requirements. The main stress-bearing components of bridges are generally beam or arch structures. 3D printing cement-based materials provide high compressive strength and low tensile strength. Selecting beam-type structures as the main stress-bearing structures of bridges can make full use of characteristics of the new type of spatial aggregate to enhance the tensile strength of cement-based materials. The spatial modeling of the beam structure is selected through computer topology optimization, and the optimized structural shape is used as the structural component of the 3D printed bridge.

2. Carrying out mechanical calculation and analysis on the structural member, and determining the printing and weaving process and the type of spatial aggregate (as shown in FIG. 1) added to the structural member and the amount of mixing according to an ultimate and normal bearing capacity of the structural member.

3. Preparing 3D printing materials; editing the electromagnetic signal and positioning push program of spatial aggregates according to the selected positioning and dosage of spatial rigid aggregates.

4. According to the printing and weaving process, the 3D printing matrix is printed layer by layer. There is a robotic arm next to the printing head that carries a spatial aggregate bin, and the electromagnetic signal is edited along the printing path. The mechanical bayonet design and electromagnetic positioning at the tail end are used to realize inter-space-aggregate embedding. As shown inFIG.2, a, b, and c are the side view before linking, the top-view wireframe after linking, and the side view after linking, respectively, the two spatial aggregates linked by a single aggregate electromagnetic snap into a composite aggregate,1in a is the end anchor, and2is the snap. The spatial aggregate realizes continuous reinforcement in all directions through spatial overlap. As shown inFIG.3, d and e are the composite aggregate structure diagrams formed by multiple spatial aggregates linked in different ways. Using the clasp design in the centroid of the spatial aggregate center and the mechanical push to realize the connection between the spatial aggregate and the reinforcement rebar, rope or wire.FIG.4shows the linking combination of reinforcement, and spatial aggregate,3inFIG.4is the reinforcement rebar, rope, wire, etc. used for linking, and4is the spatial aggregate. The printing flow chart provided by the present invention is shown inFIG.5. The 3D printing matrix and the spatial aggregate are bonded and solidified under the action of the upper layer of gravity, forming a solid and reliable space continuous skeleton inside, which further improves the bending, shearing and cracking resistance of the printed structure.

Specifically, in this embodiment, according to the result of the design calculation, as shown inFIG.6, the printing of the truss beam takes A as the starting point, and the printing paths are AB, BD, DA, AC, CD, DF, FC, CE, EF, FH, HE, EG, GH, JI, IK, KJ, JL, LK, KM, ML, LN, NM, MO, ON, NP, PO, the robotic arm carries spatial aggregates along the printing path and adds according to the design quantity, and performs positioning push in the space aggregate link part.

According to the printing process and the shape of the pre-designed structural member, the construction is printed layer by layer. The spatial aggregates are linked with the rebars, ropes or wires, and the spatial aggregates are embedded between the strips to form a spatial skeleton, which forms an integral component with the printing matrix. After the components are maintained, they can be hoisted and assembled to form an overall structure.

Embodiment 2 Construction Method Involving Circular Columns as Structural Members of Bridges

1. Carrying out mechanical calculation and analysis on the column, and determining the printing weaving process and the type and dosage of rigid aggregate added to the structural member according to the ultimate bearing capacity and the normal bearing capacity of the structural member.

2. Preparing 3D printing materials; editing a electromagnetic signal and positioning push program of the spatial rigid aggregate according to the selected positioning and dosage of the spatial aggregate.

3. According to the printing and weaving process, the 3D printing matrix is printed layer by layer. There is a mechanical arm next to the printing head that carries a spatial aggregate bin, and the electromagnetic signal is edited along the printing path. The mechanical bayonet design and electromagnetic positioning at the tail end are used to realize inter-space-aggregate embedding. The spatial aggregate realizes continuous reinforcement in all directions through spatial overlap. Using the clasp design of the centroid of the spatial aggregate center and the mechanical push to realize the connection between the spatial aggregate and the reinforcement, rope or wire. The 3D printing matrix and the spatial aggregate are bonded and solidified under the action of the upper layer of gravity, forming a solid and reliable space continuous skeleton inside, which further improves the bending, shearing and cracking resistance of the printed structure.

Specifically, in this embodiment, according to the result of the design calculation, the columns are printed counterclockwise from the bottom layer, and stacked layer by layer, the robotic arm carried the spatial aggregates along the printing path and added according to the designed quantity, and pushes them in the aggregate link part. As shown inFIG.7,5is the printing extrusion device,6is the electromagnetic editing device and the robotic arm,7is the link combination of the rebar, rope or wire and the space aggregate shown inFIG.4,8is the embedded spatial aggregate buckled in the printing matrix as shown inFIG.1,9is the longitudinal spatial aggregate combination in b inFIGS.3, and10is the printing direction of the printer.

Finally, according to the printing process and the pre-designed structural shape, the construction is layer-by-layer. The interlayer aggregates are linked with rebars, ropes or wires, and the inter-strip aggregates are interlocked to form a space skeleton, which forms an integral component with the printing matrix.