Patent ID: 12237012

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present disclosure clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure are clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present disclosure.

EMBODIMENT 1

In the embodiment, a hybrid material (BTm)2PbI4is prepared with an anti-solvent diffusion method.

0.04 mmol of BTmI and 0.02 mmol of PbI2 are dissolved into 1 mL of gamma-butyrolactone. With chlorobenzene and chloroform as anti-solvents, bulk crystals can be obtained after 72 h.

EMBODIMENT 2

In the embodiment, a pressure is applied to the hybrid material (BTm)2PbI4to obtain energy band alignment of the hybrid material. The energy band alignment of the hybrid material (BTm)2PbI4is as shown inFIG.1.

As can be seen, an energy of a conduction band of a component A is lower than an energy of a conduction band of a component B, and an energy of a valance band of the component A is higher than an energy of a valance band of the component B. Energy level differences (ΔE1and ΔE2) between the component A and the component B are less than 200 meV. Through testing, energy level differences (ΔE1and ΔE2) between the component [BTm] and the component [PbI4] in the hybrid material are about 80 meV.

According to results shown inFIG.1, without an external force, type-I energy band alignment is provided between the [BTm+] (component A) and the [PbI4] (component B), and the material shows a [BTm+] fluorescent state. When the external force (a pressure or a tensile force) is applied, the component [BTm+] and the component [PbI4] move downward in the conduction band, and move upward in the valance band. A movement speed of each of the conduction band and the valance band of the [PbI4] is greater than a movement speed of each of the conduction band and the valance band of the [BTm+]. The energy band alignment between the [BTm+] and the [PbI4] is changed. As shown inFIG.1, when the external force reaches a special value, the energy of the valance band of the [PbI4] is higher than the energy of the valance band of the [BTm+]. The hybrid material is transformed from the type-I energy band alignment to type-II energy band alignment, and shows a non-fluorescent state. When the external force applied on the hybrid material reaches another special value, the energy of the condition band of the [PbI4] is lower than the energy of the conduction band of the [BTm+]. The hybrid material is transformed from the type-II energy band alignment to the type-I energy band alignment, and shows a [PbI4] fluorescent state.

EMBODIMENT 3

In the embodiment, pressures with different intensities are applied to the hybrid material (BTm)2PbI4. A pressure environment is provided by a diamond anvil cell (DAC). Type II-a ultra-low fluorescent diamond with a size of 500 μm is used. A high-pressure sample chamber is composed of a stainless steel gasket with a thickness of about 50 μm and a hole with a diameter of about 300 μm. The hybrid material (BTm)2PbI4and a pressure measuring ruby ball are placed into the chamber. A ruby fluorescence method is used for measuring the pressures, and a mineral oil is used as a pressure transmitting medium.

The pressures are applied to the hybrid material with the DAC, and spectrum detection is performed. Results are as shown inFIGS.2A-C.

As can be seen, the hybrid material (BTm)2PbI4has a wide fluorescence peak (a full width at half maximum (FWHM) is 104.7 nm) at 0 GPa, and the fluorescence comes from the [BTm+] organic cell. This is called the [BTm+] fluorescent state. The hybrid material (BTm)2PbI4does not generate fluorescence at 2.5 GPa. This is called the non-fluorescent state. The hybrid material (BTm)2PbI4has a narrow fluorescence peak (an FWHM is 33.3 nm) at 4.5 GPa, and the fluorescence comes from the [PbI4] inorganic cell. This is called the [PbI4] fluorescent state.

In information storage, the state with the fluorescence peak wider than 100 nm is defined as a state 0, the state without the fluorescence peak is defined as a state 1, and the state with the fluorescence peak narrower than 35 nm is defined as a state 2. In the embodiment, the [BTm+] fluorescent state, the non-fluorescent state and the [PbI4] fluorescent state of the hybrid material (BTm)2PbI4are respectively corresponding to the state 0, the state 1 and the state 2. Therefore, the hybrid material (BTm)2PbI4can realize three-state information storage under the pressure.

EMBODIMENT 4

In the embodiment, a hybrid material (4Tm)2PbI4is prepared with a slow cooling method.

0.02 mmol of 4TmI and 0.01 mmol of PbI2are dissolved into 0.1 mL of HI, 0.05 mL of H3OP2and 2 mL of isopropanol. A resulting solution is heated to 100° C. till complete dissolution, and slowly cooled to a room temperature (12 h).

EMBODIMENT 5

In the embodiment, a pressure is applied to the hybrid material (4Tm)2PbI4to obtain energy band alignment of the hybrid material. The energy band alignment of the hybrid material (4Tm)2PbI4is as shown inFIG.3.

As can be seen, an energy of a conduction band and an energy of a valance band of a component B are respectively lower than an energy of a conduction band and an energy of a valance band of a component B. An energy level difference (ΔE3) between the valance band of the component A and the valance band of the component B is less than 200 meV. Through testing, type-II energy band alignment is provided between the [4Tm] and the [PbI4] in the hybrid material, an energy level difference between the valance band of the [4Tm] and the valance band of the [PbI4] is about 150 meV, and the material shows a non-fluorescent state.

According to results shown inFIG.3, without an external force, type-II energy band alignment is provided between the [4Tm] and the [PbI4], and the material shows the non-fluorescent state. When the external force (a pressure or a tensile force) is applied, the energy band alignment between the [4Tm] and the [PbI4] is changed. As shown inFIG.3, when the external force reaches a special value, the hybrid material is transformed from the type-II energy band alignment to type-I energy band alignment, and shows a [PbI4] fluorescent state.

EMBODIMENT 6

In the embodiment, pressures with different intensities are applied to the hybrid material (4Tm)2PbI4. A pressure environment is provided by a DAC. Type II-a ultra-low fluorescent diamond with a size of 500 μm is used. A high-pressure sample chamber is composed of a stainless steel gasket with a thickness of about 50 μm and a hole with a diameter of about 300 μm. The hybrid material (4Tm)2PbI4and a pressure measuring ruby ball are placed into the chamber. A ruby fluorescence method is used for measuring the pressures, and a mineral oil is used as a pressure transmitting medium.

The pressures are applied to the hybrid material with the DAC, and spectrum detection is performed. Results are as shown inFIGS.4A-B.

The hybrid material (4Tm)2PbI4does not generate fluorescence at 0 GPa. This is called the non-fluorescent state. The hybrid material (4Tm)2PbI4has a narrow fluorescence peak (an FWHM is 14 nm) at 4 GPa, and the fluorescence comes from the [PbI4] inorganic cell. This is called the [PbI4] fluorescent state.

In information storage, the state with the fluorescence peak is defined as a state 1, and the state without the fluorescence peak is defined as a state 0. The non-fluorescent state and the[PbI4] fluorescent state of the hybrid material (4Tm)2PbI4are respectively corresponding to the state 0 and the state 1. Therefore, the hybrid material (BTm)2PbI4can realize two-state information storage under the pressure.

The embodiments of the present disclosure are described above. Several examples are used for illustration of the principles and implementations of the present disclosure. The description of these embodiments is used to help illustrate the method and its core principles. Those skilled in the art can make variations to the disclosure in specific implementation and application scope based on a concept of the present disclosure. To sum up, the contents in the description shall not be understood as limitations to the present disclosure.