Patent ID: 12191800

wherein,1—Photosensitive component A,11—Rocker A,111—Micro switch A,112—D-shaped shaft A,12—Rotating arm A,13—Bevel gear A,131—Shaft A,132—Bearing A,14—Bevel gear D,141—Shaft D,142—Bearing D,143—Worm A,144—Elastic stop ring A,145—Bracket A,146—Worm gear A,1461—Shaft M,147—Gear A,1471—Internal gear A,148—Drive component A,1481—Inclined plane slider A,1482—Double-ended threaded rod A,1483—Reset spring D,1484—Slider A,1485—Transmission gear A,1486—Annular groove A,1487—Baffle E,15—Bevel gear G,151—Shaft G,152—Elastic stop ring D,16—Lever A,161—Reset spring A,162—Reset spring N,163—Electromagnet A,17—Moving sleeve A,171—Micro switch D,172—Bearing G,173—Annular groove A,174—Triangular component A,176—Sleeve A,2—Photosensitive component B,21—Rocker B,211—Micro switch B,212—D-shaped shaft B,213—Micro switch K,22—Rotating arm B,23—Bevel gear B;231—Shaft B,232—Bearing B,24—Bevel gear E,241—Shaft E,242—Bearing E,243—Worm B,244—Elastic stop ring B,245—Bracket B,246—Worm gear B,2461—Shaft N,247—Gear B,2471—Internal gear B,248—Drive component B,2481—Inclined plane slider B,2482—Double-ended threaded rod B,2483—Reset spring E,2484—Slider B,2485—Transmission gear B,2486—Annular groove B,2487—Baffle F,25—Bevel gear H,251—Shaft H,252—Elastic stop ring E,26—Lever B,261—Reset spring B,262—Reset spring O,263—Electromagnet B,27—Moving sleeve B,271—Micro switch E,272—Bearing H,273—Annular groove B,274—Triangular component B,276—Sleeve B,3—Photosensitive component C,31—Rocker C,311—Micro switch C,312—D-shaped shaft C,313—Micro switch L,32—Rotating arm C,33—Bevel gear C,331—Shaft C,332—Bearing C,34—Bevel gear F,341—Shaft F,342—Bearing F,343—Worm C,344—Elastic stop ring C,345—Bracket C,346—Worm gear C,3461—Shaft O,347—Gear C,3471—Internal gear C,348—Drive component C,3481—Inclined plane slider C,3482—Double-ended threaded rod C,3483—Reset spring F,3484—Slider C,3485—Transmission gear C,3486—Annular groove C,3487—Baffle G;35—Bevel gear I,351—Shaft I,352—Elastic stop ring F,36—Lever C,361—Reset spring C,362—Reset spring P,363—Electromagnet C,37—Moving sleeve C,371—Micro switch F,372—Bearing I,373—Annular groove C,374—Triangular component C,376—Sleeve C,4—Solar panel,41—Solar panel mounting plate,5—Box cover,51—Handle,52—Alarm light,53—Enclosure,531—Bracket D,54—Control module,55—Battery,56—Bearing J,561—Bracket E,562—Bracket F,563—Bracket G,564—Shaft J,565—Shaft K,566—Shaft L,567—Bracket H,57—Slider,574—Electromagnet D,575—Reset spring G,576—Slide rail E,577—Triangular component D,578—Triangular component E,579—Triangular component F,58—Power switch,581—OFF position,582—ON position,59—Micro switch I,591—Micro switch J,6—Motor,61—Bracket I,611—Pawl A;6111—Reset spring H,612—Electromagnet E,613—Inclined plane slider D,6131—Reset spring I,6132—Slide rail A,614—Inclined plane slide A,6141—Slide rail B,6142—Reset spring J,6143—Electromagnet F,62—Bracket J,621—Pawl B,6211—Reset spring K,622—Electromagnet G,623—Inclined plane slider E,6231—Reset spring L,6232—Slide rail D,624—Inclined plane slide B,6241—Slide rail C,6242—Reset spring M,6243—Electromagnet H,63—Gear D,64—External gear,641—Ratchet A,642—Ratchet B,643—Circular convex platform,644—Micro switch G,645—Micro switch H,65—Sun gear,651—Planetary gear,652—Planetary carrier,6521—Shaft M,66—Groove A,661—Groove B,662—Baffle A,663—Baffle B,664—Shaft N,67—Groove C,671—Groove D,672—Baffle C,673—Baffle D,674—Shaft O.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

The present invention will be further clarified below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the following specific embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

Embodiment

In the initial state, the power switch (58) on the enclosure (53) is set to the OFF position (581). The solar panel (4) is fixed on three solar panel mounting plates (41). Photosensitive components A (1), B (2), and C (3) are each fixedly connected to the D-shaped shafts on the solar panel mounting plates (41) and are distributed at 120 intervals. Rockers A (11), B (21), and C (31) are hinged to the D-shaped shafts on the solar panel mounting plates (41) and correspond to photosensitive components A (1), B (2), and C (3) respectively (to detect the light intensity in real-time for the solar rays to be approximately perpendicular to the solar panel (4)). Rotating arms A (12), B (22), and C (32) are each hinged to rockers A (11), B (21), and C (31) respectively, to enable the solar panel (4) to rotate in both azimuth and elevation directions. Micro switches A (111), B (211), and C (311) are fixed on rotating arms A (12), B (22), and C (32) respectively. Axis A (131) is connected to bracket D (531) through bearing A (132) and is also fitted with axis B (231), within which axis C (331) is nested. One end of rotating arms A (12), B (22), and C (32) is fixedly connected to axis A (131), B (231), and C (331) respectively. Bevel gears A (13), B (23), and C (33) are each fixedly connected to axis A (131), B (231), and C (331) respectively (achieving continuous adjustment of the solar panel angle through worm gear, gear transmission, rocker, and rotating arm transmission). Axis G (151) is connected to the enclosure (53) through bearings and elastic stop ring D (152), and is also fitted with axis H (251), within which axis I (351) is nested. Bevel gears G (15), H (25), and I (35) are each fixedly connected to axis G (151), H (251), and I (351) respectively, and are engaged with bevel gears A (13), B (23), and C (33) respectively. Axis D (141) is connected to the enclosure (53) through bearing D (142) and bracket A (145). Axis D (141) is also fitted with axis E (241) within it. Axis E (241) is connected to bracket B (245) through bearing E (242). Axis E (241) is nested with axis F (341) inside, and axis F (341) is connected to bracket C (345) and the enclosure (53) through bearing F (342). Bevel gears D (14), E (24), and F (34) are each fixedly connected to axis D (141), E (241), and F (341) respectively, and are engaged with bevel gears A (13), B (23), and C (33) respectively. Worm gear A (143) is fixedly connected to axis D (141), worm gear B (243) is fixedly connected to axis E (241), and worm gear C (343) is fixedly connected to axis F (341). On worm gear A (146), axis M (1461) is connected to bracket F (562), bracket G (563), and the enclosure (53) through bearing G (172), and worm gear A (146) meshes with worm gear A (143); on worm gear B (246), axis N (2461) is connected to bracket F (562), bracket G (563), and the enclosure (53) through bearing H (272), and worm gear B (246) meshes with worm gear B (243); on worm gear C (346), axis O (3461) is connected to bracket E (561), bracket F (562), bracket G (563), and the enclosure (53) through bearing I (372), and worm gear C (346) meshes with worm gear C (343) (worm gear and worm structure with self-locking function). Gears A (147), B (247), and C (347) are each connected to worm gear A (146), worm gear B (246), and worm gear C (346) respectively through bearings. Drive component A (148) is fixedly connected to axis M (1461), drive component B (248) is fixedly connected to axis N (2461), and drive component C (348) is fixedly connected to axis O (3461). Slider A (1484) is fixedly connected to inclined plane slider A (1481) through double-ended threaded rod A (1482), and double-ended threaded rod A (1482) is fitted with reset spring D (1483). Transmission gear A (1485) is hinged to slider A (1484) (rotatable left and right by 5° to ensure meshing of gears). Slider B (2484) is fixedly connected to inclined plane slider B (2481) through double-ended threaded rod B (2482), and double-ended threaded rod B (2482) is fitted with reset spring E (2483). Transmission gear B (2485) is hinged to slider B (2484) (rotatable left and right by 5° to ensure meshing of gears). Slider C (3484) is fixedly connected to inclined plane slider C (3481) through double-ended threaded rod C (3482), and double-ended threaded rod C (3482) is fitted with reset spring F (3483). Transmission gear C (3485) is hinged to slider C (3484) (rotatable left and right by 5° to ensure meshing of gears). Slider A (1484) is located on the outer side of baffle E (1487), inclined plane slider A (1481) is located on the inner side of baffle E (1487), and one end of reset spring D (1483) contacts inclined plane slider A (1481), while the other end contacts the inner wall of baffle E (1487). Slider B (2484) is located on the outer side of baffle F (2487), inclined plane slider B (2481) is located on the inner side of baffle F (2487), and one end of reset spring E (2483) contacts inclined plane slider B (2481), while the other end contacts the inner wall of baffle F (2487). Slider C (3484) is located on the outer side of baffle G (3487), inclined plane slider C (3481) is located on the inner side of baffle G (3487), and one end of reset spring F (3483) contacts inclined plane slider C (3481), while the other end contacts the inner wall of baffle G (3487).

Transmission gear A (1485), transmission gear B (2485), and transmission gear C (3485) are in a disengaged state from internal gear A (1471), internal gear B (2471), and internal gear C (3471) respectively. Mobile sleeve A (17), mobile sleeve B (27), and mobile sleeve C (37) are each slidably connected to sleeve A (176), sleeve B (276), and sleeve C (376) respectively through D-shaped holes, and are fixedly connected to bracket G (563). One end of reset spring N (162), reset spring O (262), and reset spring P (362) is fixedly connected to sleeve A (176), sleeve B (276), and sleeve C (376) respectively, while the other end is fixedly connected to mobile sleeve A (17), mobile sleeve B (27), and mobile sleeve C (37) respectively. Mobile sleeve A (17), mobile sleeve B (27), and mobile sleeve C (37) each make contact with micro switch D (171), micro switch E (271), and micro switch F (371) respectively. Lever A (16), lever B (26), and lever C (36) are each slidably connected to shaft J (564), shaft K (565), and shaft L (566) respectively through D-shaped holes, and each of shaft J (564), shaft K (565), and shaft L (566) is fitted with reset spring A (161), reset spring B (261), and reset spring C (361) respectively. The hooks at the lower end of lever A (16), lever B (26), and lever C (36) are respectively connected to annular grooves A (173) on mobile sleeve A (17), annular grooves B (273) on mobile sleeve B (27), and annular grooves C (373) on mobile sleeve C (37). The pushrods of electromagnets A (163), B (263), and C (363) each make contact with one side of lever A (16), lever B (26), and lever C (36) respectively. The slide rail E (576) on the slider (57) is connected to the internal mobile groove of the enclosure (53), and one end of the slider (57) is equipped with reset spring G (575), the pushrod of electromagnet D (574) makes contact with one end of the slider (57). The triangular components D (577), E (578), and F (579) on the slider (57) each make sliding contact with triangular components A (174) on mobile sleeve A (17), triangular components B (274) on mobile sleeve B (27), and triangular components C (374) on mobile sleeve C (37). Gear A (147) meshes with gear B (247), gear B (247) meshes with gear C (347), and gear D (63) meshes with gear B (247). The rotor shaft of the motor (6) is fixedly connected to the sun gear (65), the planetary gear (651) meshes with the sun gear (65), and the planetary gear (651) is fitted with a planetary carrier (652), and the shaft M (6521) on the planetary carrier (652) is fixedly connected to gear D (63). The planetary gear (651) meshes with the external gear (64), forming a planetary gear system through the sun gear (65), planetary gear (651), external gear (64), and planetary carrier (652). The external gear (64) is equipped with ratchet A (641), ratchet B (642), and circular convex platform (643).

Micro switch G (644) and micro switch H (645) are located on both sides of the circular convex platform (643) with an angle of 5°. The external gear (64) is locked by the ratchet pawl. When the transmission structure is jammed, if there is no change in voltage difference among the three light-sensitive components within one second after the motor is powered on, the locking structure of the external gear (64) will be quickly released. At this point, the planetary gear carrier does not rotate due to the self-locking of the worm gear. The motor's drive causes the external gear (64) to rotate. When the circular convex platform (643) of the external gear (64) rotates and touches micro switch G (644) or micro switch H (645), it sends a signal to the control module (54), and the motor (6) is turned off. Pawl A (611) meshes with ratchet A (641) and is sleeved on shaft N (664) of bracket I (61). One end of reset spring H (6111) is fixedly connected to pawl A (611), and the other end is fixedly connected to stopper plate B (663). One side of inclined slider D (613) contacts the other side of pawl A (611), and the slide rail A (6132) on inclined slider D (613) is connected to the slide groove B (661) on bracket I (61). One side of reset spring I (6131) contacts the bottom end of inclined slider D (613), and the other side contacts bracket I (61). The inclined surface of inclined slider D (613) contacts the inclined surface of inclined slide board A (614), and the slide rail B (6141) on inclined slide board A (614) is connected to the slide groove A (66) on bracket I (61). One side of reset spring J (6142) is fixedly connected to one end of inclined slide board A (614), and the other side is fixedly connected to bracket I (61). The pushrod of electromagnet F (6143) contacts one end of the groove inside inclined slide board A (614), and the pushrod of electromagnet E (612) contacts the upper end of inclined slider D (613). Pawl B (621) meshes with ratchet B (642) and is sleeved on shaft O (674) of bracket J (62). One end of reset spring K (6211) is fixedly connected to pawl B (621), and the other end is fixedly connected to stopper plate D (673). One side of inclined slider E (623) contacts the other end of pawl B (621), and the slide rail D (6232) on inclined slider E (623) is connected to the slide groove D (671) on bracket J (62). One side of reset spring L (6231) contacts the bottom end of inclined slider E (623), and the other side contacts bracket J (62). The inclined surface of inclined slider E (623) contacts the inclined surface of inclined slide board B (624), and the slide rail C (6241) on inclined slide board B (624) is connected to the slide groove C (67) on bracket J (62). One side of reset spring M (6242) is fixedly connected to one end of inclined slide board B (624), and the other end is fixedly connected to bracket J (62). Electromagnet H (6243)'s push rod contacts one end of the recess on Inclined Slider B (624), and Electromagnet G (622)'s push rod contacts the upper end of Inclined Slider E (623). Bracket I (61), Bracket J (62), and the chassis (53) are fixedly connected. Fix the device on the ground, turn the power switch (58) to the ON position (582), power the device, Electromagnet A (163) is powered, driving Lever A (16) to move along the axis of Shaft J (564), driving the moving sleeve A (17) to move along the axis of Sleeve A (176), the moving sleeve A (17) pushes the Inclined Slider A (1481) along the radial extrusion of the driving member A (148), causing the Drive Tooth A (1485) to mesh with the Internal Gear A (1471); the triangular component A (174) on the moving sleeve A (17) squeezes the triangular component D (577) on the slide plate (57) to the left. When the slide plate (57) hits Microswitch I (59), the Drive Tooth A (1485) is fully extruded (transmitting the power of the motor to Worm A); the slide plate (57) returns to its original position under the action of the return spring G (575), contacting Microswitch J (591), the control module (54) receives the signal, and Electromagnet A (163) loses power; the motor (6) is powered, the motor (6) rotates forward, driving the Sun Gear (65) to rotate forward, the Sun Gear (65) drives the Planet Gear (651) to rotate in reverse, which in turn drives the Planet Carrier (652) to rotate forward. Gear D (63) rotates forward, driving Gear B (247) to rotate in reverse, which drives Gear A (147) to rotate forward. Gear A (147) drives Drive Tooth A (1485) to rotate forward, which in turn drives Drive Component A (148) to rotate forward. Drive Component A (148) drives Worm A (146) to rotate forward, which drives Worm Gear A (143) to rotate forward. Worm Gear A (143) drives Bevel Gear D (14) to rotate forward, which drives Bevel Gear A (13) to rotate in reverse. Bevel Gear A (13) drives Arm A (12) to rotate in reverse, causing Lever A (11) to descend, adjusting the angle between the solar panel mount (41) and the ground. When Lever A (11) touches Microswitch A (111), Lever B (21) touches Microswitch K (213), and Lever C (31) touches Microswitch L (313), the control module (54) receives the signal, and the motor (6) stops (on one hand, it drives the solar panel to move to the predetermined position, on the other hand, it checks if there is any malfunction in the device); Electromagnet D (574) is powered, pushing the slide plate (57) to the left. When Triangle Component D (577) separates from Triangle Component A (174), the moving sleeve A (17) returns to its original position under the action of return spring N (162) and contacts Microswitch D (171). Lever A (16) returns to its original position under the action of return spring A (161), and Drive Tooth A (1485), Slider A (1484), and Inclined Slider A (1481) return to their original positions under the action of return spring D (1483). Electromagnet D (574) loses power, and the slide plate returns to its original position under the action of return spring G (575). When the slide plate (57) contacts Microswitch J (591), the motor (6) is powered in reverse for 0.1 second to ensure that Drive Tooth A (1485) disengages from Internal Gear A (1471) (the operation and stop process of Lever B (21) and Lever C (31) are similar to that of Lever A (11)).

The control module continuously monitors the voltage values of Photosensitive Element A (1), Photosensitive Element B (2), and Photosensitive Element C (3). When the sun rises, the voltage values of Photosensitive Element A (1), Photosensitive Element B (2), and Photosensitive Element C (3) differ due to variations in light intensity. When the voltage difference between any two of the three photosensitive elements exceeds a predefined threshold value (if the voltage difference between any two of the three elements exceeds the system's predefined threshold value), the control module (54) sends a signal. The lever corresponding to the maximum voltage difference will change first, i.e., the corresponding electromagnet is powered, causing the corresponding drive tooth to engage with the internal gear (transferring the power of the motor to the worm). The corresponding lever is then raised or lowered through the transmission of gears, worm gears, and bevel gears to reduce the voltage difference. When the voltage difference of that photosensitive element is less than the predefined threshold value, the adjustment ends. The control module then rechecks the voltage differences between Photosensitive Element A (1), Photosensitive Element B (2), and Photosensitive Element C (3). If any voltage difference exceeds the predefined threshold value, the one with the highest voltage difference is selected again, and the device adjusts its orientation accordingly. This process repeats until all voltage differences between any two elements are less than the predefined threshold value. When all voltage differences between any two elements are less than the predefined threshold value, it is considered that the device has adjusted to the required position. At this point, the solar panel is approximately perpendicular to the sunlight, and the solar panel receives the maximum approximate flux of sunlight.

When the sun sets, and the voltage difference between the three photosensitive elements remains unchanged for a long period (system-defined as 30 minutes, indicating the sun has set), the control module (54) sends a signal. Electromagnet A (163) is powered, causing Lever A (16) to move along with the Mobile Sleeve A (17), engaging the Drive Tooth A (1485) with the Internal Gear A (1471) (transferring the motor's power to Worm A (146)). The motor is powered, driving Lever A (11) to rise or fall through the transmission of gears, worm gears, and bevel gears. When Lever A (11) touches Microswitch A (111), the motor stops. The operation and stop process of Lever B (21) and Lever C (31) are similar to that of Lever A (11), with Lever B (21) and Lever C (31) contacting Microswitch K (213) and Microswitch L (313), respectively. At this point, the solar panel fixture (41) returns to its initial position, preparing for the next day's operation.

The device utilizes a mechanism with a self-locking function using a worm gear system to achieve self-locking (to prevent wind loads from affecting the orientation of the solar panel). In the event of a malfunction (such as the worm gear system or lever getting damaged or stuck, causing gears A (147), B (247), C (347), D (63), and the planetary frame (652) to fail to operate), when the motor is powered, if there is no change in the voltage difference between Photosensitive Element A (1), Photosensitive Element B (2), and Photosensitive Element C (3) within one second, the control module will send a signal. This signal causes Pawl A (641), Pawl A (611), Pawl B (642), and Pawl B (621) to disengage simultaneously (Electromagnet E (612) is powered, pushing down the Inclined Slider D (613), which moves the Inclined Slider A (614) radially. When the inclined surface of Inclined Slider D (613) separates from the inclined surface of Inclined Slider A (614), Inclined Slider A (614) returns to its original position under the action of Reset Spring J (6142), and Electromagnet E (612) loses power, causing Pawl A (641) and Pawl A (611) to disengage. Electromagnet G (622) is powered, pushing down Inclined Slider E (623), which moves Inclined Slider B (624) radially. When the inclined surface of Inclined Slider E (623) separates from the inclined surface of Inclined Slider B (624), Inclined Slider B (624) returns to its original position under the action of Reset Spring M (6242), and Electromagnet G (622) loses power, causing Pawl B (642) and Pawl B (621) to disengage). At this point, the locking of the external gear (64) is released. Under the drive of the motor (6) rotor shaft through the planetary gear system, the external gear (64) rotates. When the arc boss (643) on the external gear (64) contacts Microswitch G (644) or Microswitch H (645), the device alarms, the alarm light (52) flashes, the motor (6) is powered off, and the device stops running to ensure safety.

The technical means disclosed in the solution of the present invention are not limited to the technical means disclosed in the above embodiments, but also include technical solutions composed of any combination of the above technical features. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications are also regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.