Patent ID: 12239579

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

While the present description sets forth specific details of various embodiments, it will be appreciated that the description is illustrative only and should not be construed in any way as limiting. Additionally, although particular embodiments may be disclosed or shown in the context of particular types of eyewear systems, such as unitary lens eyeglasses, dual lens eyeglasses having partial or full orbitals, and goggles, it is understood that any elements of the disclosure may be used in any type of eyewear system. Moreover, any elements of the disclosure may be used in any headworn support (i.e., a head worn article that can support one or more lenses in the wearer's field of view). For example, other types of headworn supports can include, but are not limited to, helmets, face masks, balaclavas, and breaching shields. Further, although embodiments disclosed herein can be used with eyewear that have removable and replaceable lenses, embodiments are also contemplated in which the eyewear are not intended to provide for removable or replaceable lenses. Although some embodiments are illustrated with lenses having “cylindrical” or “spherical” front and rear surfaces (surfaces which conform substantially to a portion of the surface of a sphere or cylinder, respectively), it will be understood by those having ordinary skill in the art that, in some embodiments, lenses having different surface geometries can be used. Additionally, it will be understood that lenses of many front elevational shapes and orientations in the as-worn position can be used, beyond those illustrated herein. In particular, either the front or rear surface of a lens may conform to the surface of a toroidal or other aspheric geometry. Any feature, structure, function, material, method, or step disclosed and/or illustrated in this specification can be used by itself or with or instead of any other feature, structure, function, material, method, or step disclosed and/or illustrated elsewhere in this specification. Each portion of this specification is contemplated to be interchangeable and no portion is indispensable or essential.

Generally, head worn supports with lenses, including eyewear such as eyeglasses and goggles, are configured to provide desired optical functionality for a wearer. These headworn supports (such as eye wear) may also be used to intercept light, wind, dust, etc. from directly in front of the wearer and peripherally along the sides. In use, however, the lens or lenses can become clouded through condensation on the inner surface of the lens (e.g., the surface nearest the face of the user), reducing the wearers visibility and/or degrading the optical performance of the lens. To reduce condensation on the lens, the head worn support can be configured to be vented using active or passive means. Venting can increase air flow at the inner surface or region of the lens and between the lens and the user, thereby reducing condensation. In passive venting systems, holes or other passageways may be introduced into the structures of the headworn support, such as frames, and/or lenses to provide a path for air to travel from one side of the headworn support (e.g., an exterior region) to the other (e.g., an interior region) to increase air flow. However, this may have the undesirable effect of allowing light to pass through such passageways into the eye of the user and/or allowing particles, dust, or debris through the holes to contact the user around the eye.

Some examples of headworn supports, such as eyewear, disclosed herein are configured to provide passive venting by providing one or more pathways between a lens and a frame and/or by providing a smooth rear profile to allow a laminar flow of air on a posterior surface of the lens. In certain implementations, the one or more passive-venting pathways provide a tortuous path between a frame and a lens of the headworn support to the eye of a wearer (e.g., they do not provide a direct path to the eye of the wearer from an exterior region). Thus, the headworn support provided herein can provide venting while reducing or preventing unwanted light, wind, particles, or other debris from contacting the eye of the user.

In some embodiments, a headworn support, such as an eyewear, is provided that includes a frame and a lens wherein a large proportion of the lens is unsupported by the frame such that a gap between the lens and the frame allows air to flow to provide passive venting. The gap is configured so that there is a tortuous path between the frame and the lens (e.g., there is no direct path between the frame and the lens to the eye of the user). In addition, when viewed from the front of the headworn support, the gap may not be visible to an observer. In addition, the headworn support can be configured to position the lens near the face of the user so that there is no direct path for light to travel to the eye of the user from the top of the headworn support. For example, light traveling downward passes through the lens to reach the eye of a user and does not reach the eye of the user without first passing through the lens. In some embodiments, the frame of the headworn support can be configured so that a portion of a posterior surface of the frame does not extend rearward from a posterior extension of the posterior lens surface. In certain embodiments, the frame of the head worn support can be configured so that a portion of the posterior surface of the frame extends rearward of from the posterior extension of the posterior lens surface, where the extension is less than or equal to about 4 mm, less than or equal to about 3.8 mm, less than or equal to about 3.5 mm, less than or equal to about 3.3 mm, less than or equal to about 3 mm, less than or equal to about 2.6 mm, less than or equal to about 2.25 mm, or less than or equal to about 2 mm. In certain embodiments, the extension can be less than or equal to about 3.2× a center thickness of the lens, less than or equal to about 3× the center thickness of the lens, less than or equal to about 2.5× the center thickness of the lens, less than or equal to about 2× the center thickness of the lens, less than or equal to about 1.5× the center thickness of the lens, less than or equal to about 1× the center thickness of the lens, or less than or equal to about 0.67× the center thickness of the lens. The portion of the frame that either does not extend past the posterior extension or that extends less than the stated distance past the posterior extension can have a total length that is at least 25% of the total chord length of the lens, al least 40% of the total chord length of the lens, at least 50% of the total chord length of the lens, at least 25% and/or less than or equal to about 80% of the total chord length of the lens, at least 35%, and/or less than or equal to about 70% of the total chord length of the lens, or al least 45% and/or less than or equal to about 60% of the total chord length of the lens. In some embodiments, this structure and/or other structures can produce laminar flow of air between the lens and the face of the user that can increase ventilation as compared to headworn supports having a frame that extends past the lens in the posterior direction towards the face of the user, thereby introducing turbulence into the flow of air. This feature may be particularly advantageous for headworn supports, such as eyewear and face masks, that generally conform to the shape of the face of the wearer because with such headworn supports there is typically less space between the face of the wearer and the lens. Where there is less space, airflow may be reduced, resulting in reduced venting of the lens and potentially increasing condensation on the lens compared to lenses that are generally positioned away from the face from a wearer.

In some embodiments, a headworn support, such as an eyewear, is provided that has an interchangeable lens configured to be used with eyeglasses and/or with goggles. For example, the frame of the eyeglasses can be semi-rimless and the lens can be secured to the frame using active and passive retention systems. The eyeglasses can include earstems to secure the eyeglasses in place on the head of the wearer so that the front frame does not contact the face of the wearer. This same lens can be removed from the frame of the eyeglasses and secured in a goggle frame. In some embodiments, the goggle can have full orbitals and can be configured to contact a face of the user, using, a bead strap to secure it in place.

Example Eyeglass

FIGS.1A-1Cillustrate front perspective views of example embodiments of eyewear, such as eyeglass100.FIG.1Aillustrates an eyeglass100with a unitary lens108whileFIGS.1B and1Cillustrate eyeglass100with dual lenses108a.108b.FIGS.1A and1Billustrate eyeglass100with partial orbitals (e.g., a frame104of the eyeglass100does not extend entirely around the lens108) whileFIG.1Cillustrates eyeglass100with full orbitals (e.g., a frame104of the eyeglass extends entirely around the lenses108a,108b). The passive venting systems and interchangeable lens designs described herein can be applied to embodiments of eyeglasses with unitary lenses, dual lenses, partial orbitals, and full orbitals as well as other types of eyewear such as, but not limited to, goggles. Moreover, the passive venting systems and interchangeable lens designs described herein can be applied to other types of headworn supports such as, but not limited to, helmets, face masks, balaclavas, and breaching shields.

With reference toFIG.1A, the eyeglass100comprises a pair of ear stems102a,102b, a frame104, retention components106, and a lens108. The eyeglass100is configured such that the frame104and the lens108form a gap above the eyes of the user (e.g., around a plane that is generally parallel to the longitudinal or midsagittal plane and that intersects the eye of the user and the frame104and lens108) as shown, for example, inFIGS.3A-5B. As illustrated, these gaps are not visible when looking at the eyeglass100from the front. Thus, the eyeglass100provides an optically blind venting system, which can refer to a venting system that is not readily visible when viewing the eyeglass100straight on. The eyeglass100can be configured such that the lens108can be removed and replaced. However, in some embodiments, the lens108may not be removable or replaceable. The eyeglass100can include nose piece110attached to the lens108to nest on a nose of the wearer when in use.

The lens108or lenses108a.108b102bcan be plano lenses (e.g., not curved). The lens108or lenses108a,108b102bcan be linear (not curved) along a vertical plane (e.g., cylindrical or frusto-conical lens geometry). In some embodiments, the lens108or lenses108a.108bcan be aligned substantially parallel with the vertical axis such that the line of sight is substantially normal to the anterior surface and the posterior surface of the lens. In some embodiments, the lens108or lenses108a.108bare angled downward such that a line normal to the lens is offset from the straight ahead normal line of sight by an angle ϕ. The angle ϕ of off set can be greater than about 0° and/or less than about 30°, or greater than about 10° and/or less than about 20°, or about 15°, although other angles ϕ outside of these ranges may also be used. Various cylindrically shaped lenses may be used. The anterior surface and/or the posterior surface of the lens108or lenses108a.108bcan conform to the surface of a right circular cylinder such that the radius of curvature along the horizontal axis is substantially uniform. An elliptical cylinder can be used to provide lenses that have non-uniform curvature in the horizontal direction. For example, a lens may be more curved near its lateral edge than its medial edge. In some embodiments, an oblique (non-right) cylinder can be used, for example, to provide a lens that is angled in the vertical direction.

In some embodiments, the eyeglass100incorporates a canted lens108or canted lenses108a.108bmounted in a position rotated laterally relative to conventional centrally oriented dual lens mountings. A canted lens may be conceived as having an orientation, relative to the wearer's head, which would be achieved by starting with conventional dual lens eyeglass having centrally oriented lenses and bending the frame inwardly at the temples to wrap around the side of the head. When the eyeglass100is worn, a lateral edge of the lens wraps significantly around and comes in close proximity to the wearer's temple to provide significant lateral eye coverage.

A degree of wrap may be desirable for aesthetic styling reasons, for lateral protection of the eyes from flying debris, or for interception of peripheral light. Wrap may be attained by utilizing lenses of tight horizontal curvature (high base), such as cylindrical or spherical lenses, and/or by mounting each lens in a position which is canted laterally and rearwardly relative to centrally oriented dual lenses. Similarly, a high degree of rake or vertical tilting may be desirable for aesthetic reasons and for intercepting light, wind, dust or other debris from below the wearer's eyes. In general “rake” will be understood to describe the condition of a lens, in the as-worn orientation, for which the normal line of sight strikes a vertical tangent to the lens108at a non-perpendicular angle.

The lens108or lenses108a.108bcan be provided with anterior and posterior surfaces and a thickness therebetween, which can be variable along the horizontal direction, vertical direction, or combination of directions. In some embodiments, the lens108or lenses108a.108bcan have a varying thickness along the horizontal or vertical axis, or along some other direction. In some embodiments, the thickness of the lens108or lenses108a,108btapers smoothly, though not necessarily linearly, from a maximum thickness proximate a medial edge to a relatively lesser thickness at a lateral edge. The lens108or lenses108a.108bcan have a tapering thickness along the horizontal axis and can be decentered for optical correction. In some embodiments, the lens108or lenses108a.108bcan have a thickness configured to provide an optical correction. For example, the thickness of the lens108or lenses108a,108bcan taper from a thickest point at a central point of the lens108or lenses108a,108bapproaching lateral segments of the lens108or lenses108a,108b. In some embodiments, the average thickness of the lens108or lenses108a,108bin the lateral segments can be less than the average thickness of the lens108or lenses108a,108bin the central zone. In some embodiments, the thickness of the lens108or lenses108a,108bin at least one point in the central zone can be greater than the thickness of the lens108or lenses108a.108bat any point within at least one of the lateral segments.

Various materials can be utilized in the manufacture of the frame104, such as metals, composites, or relatively rigid, molded thermoplastic materials which are well known in the art, and which can be transparent or available in a variety of colors. In some embodiments, the frame104can be plastic and may comprise acetate, polycarbonate, or nylon. The frame can be configured to be relatively light, resilient, and resistant to ballistic impact.

The retention components106can be configured to removably secure the lens108to the frame104, thereby allowing the wearer to interchange the lens108of the eyeglass100. For example, the lens108can be interchanged for a different lens if the lens108becomes damaged or dirty, and the lens KB can be interchanged for a different lens having different optical properties depending on the conditions of use. The retention components106can be configured to retain the lens108on the frame104in the event of impact to the lens108(e.g., a ballistic impact).

The retention components106can comprise one or more stationary or passive retention mechanisms and/or one or more movable or active retention mechanisms for engaging the lens108. In a stationary or passive retention mechanism, engagement can occur between interlocking structures of the frame104and the lens108upon the lens104being fitted against a portion of the frame104. For example, a protrusion along an edge of the lens108can fit into a groove of the frame104without requiring other or movable components to limit one or more degrees of freedom of movement of the lens108relative to the frame104. In a movable or active retention mechanism, engagement can occur after the lens108is fitted against the frame104by moving a locking structure from a disengaged position to an engaged position. In a movable or active retention mechanism, a separate component can be moved relative to the lens108and the frame KM to secure the lens KB relative to the frame104.

The passive and/or active retention mechanism(s)106can be disposed along any portion of the boundary between the lens104and the frame108. In the illustrated embodiment, the unitary lens108has a passive lateral connector, a passive medial connector, and an active lateral connector, as detailed further below. In some embodiments, as illustrated, between the passive and active retention mechanisms106, the lens108and the frame KM can be configured to not contact one another. The space between the lens108and the frame104can provide for passive venting of the lens108. Similarly, between the passive and active retention mechanisms106, a posterior extension of the posterior surface of the frame can be configured so that it either does not extend rearward of an extension of the posterior surface of the tens108or it can be configured so that it extends rearward of this posterior extension less than or equal to about 4 mm, less than or equal to about 3.8 mm, less than or equal to about 3.5 mm, less than or equal to about 3.3 mm, less than or equal to about 3 mm, less than or equal to about 2.6 mm, less than or equal to about 2.25 mm, or less than or equal to about 2 mm. In certain embodiments, the extension can be less than or equal to about 3.2× a center thickness of the lens108, less than or equal to about 3× the center thickness of the lens108, less than or equal to about 2.5× the center thickness of the lens108, less than or equal to about 2× the center thickness of the lens108, less than or equal to about 1.5× the center thickness of the lens108, less than or equal to about 1× the center thickness of the lens108, or less than or equal to about 0.67× the center thickness of the lens108. In some embodiments, the configuration of the posterior surface of the lens108and the posterior location and/or shape of the frame104can cooperate to facilitate a laminar flow of air across the posterior surface of the lens108to assist in venting the lens108.

With reference toFIGS.1B and1C, the eyeglass100can include two lenses108aand108b, each lens108a.108bbeing configured to have a space between an upper edge of the lens108a,108band the frame104to allow air to (low through the space. In addition, the frame104can be configured similar to the eyeglass100described with reference toFIG.1Ain that a posterior surface of the frame104can be configured to not extend rearward of the posterior extension of the posterior surface of the lens108a,108bor to extend less than the slated distances rearward of this posterior extension. With reference toFIG.1C, the frame104and lens108a.108bcan be configured such that there are gaps between the lens108a,108band the frame104at any of a variety of locations around the frame104, such as the orbitals. For example, gaps can exist above the eyes of the wearer, below the eyes of the wearer, and/or lateral of the eyes of the wearer as shown for example, inFIGS.3A-5B. Additionally, for the eyeglass100with full orbitals, the posterior surface of the frame104can be configured to not extend rearward of the posterior extension of the posterior surface of the lens108a.108bor to extend less than the stated distances rearward of this posterior extension, where the posterior extension of the lens can be made in any direction (e.g., vertically upward, vertically downward, horizontally, or any combination of these).

In either dual or unitary lens embodiments of the eyeglass or goggle, the lens can comprise one or more surfaces, edges, or structures that can be engaged by the lens retention mechanisms106of the frame104. The lens retention mechanism(s)106can comprise one or more active and/or passive engagement mechanisms such as those described herein. A stationary or passive lens retention mechanism can be formed between a complementary retention surf ace carried by the frame104and a retention surface of the lens108, such as the edge of a slot, notch, projection or aperture hieing generally away from the frame104to provide an interference fit.

In certain embodiments, the lens108can be engaged and/or supported at least at both lateral sides and a central portion thereof. For example, a unitary lens108may be secured to and/or supported by the frame104using a first retention structure on the left side of midline and a second retention structure on the right side of midline. The retention structures106can include any of the clips or other mechanisms disclosed herein. A retention structure106may be located within the frame104(e.g., within the central one-third of the frame, such as on or near the vertical midline or medial plane of the eyeglass). A plurality of retention structures106(e.g., at least two, three, four, five, six, or seven or more) may be used, depending at least in part upon the targeted performance. In various implementations, the retention structures106can be symmetrically spaced apart along the length of the frame104, or as a mirror image across the plane of symmetry (anatomical midline or medial plane).

The eyeglass100can be useful in various settings, including military settings in which the wearer may experience conditions that may cause condensation on the lens, where eyeglass100may be subject to dust or other debris, and/or where the eyeglass100may experience a ballistic impact. The ventilation provided by the eyeglass100can reduce or prevent fogging on the interior of the eyeglass100. In some embodiments, an anti-fogging coating can be applied to the interior of the eyeglass100(e.g., to the lens108) to reduce or prevent moisture fogging. Various types of anti-fogging coatings can be used (e.g., moisture absorption coatings, moisture sheer coatings, coatings based on urethanes, and/or coatings based on treated polysiloxanes).

FIGS.2A-2Dillustrate views of the example eyeglass100ofFIG.1Ato demonstrate attachment of the lens108to the frame104. The lens108comprises lateral and medial engagement sections208a.208b.208cconfigured to mate with corresponding retention mechanisms106a,106b,106c. In some embodiments, the lens108can include one or more first retention mechanisms (e.g., projections208a,208b,208c) that can be coupled with (e.g., seated in) corresponding second retention mechanisms (e.g., terminal recesses106a,106b,106c) of the frame104. Further, the lens108can comprise an upper edge or boundary. In use, when the projections208a-208care fitted into the recesses106a-106cof the frame104, the upper edge or boundary of the lens108can be configured to be spaced apart from the frame104, except around the projections208a-208c. Thus, in some embodiments, such an arrangement can provide passive venting through the formed space while also providing a lens retention and stabilization. In some embodiments, the frame104includes features that contact the lens108for providing structural support, these contact points being in addition to the retention mechanisms106a-106c. In such embodiments, the upper edge or boundary of the lens108can be configured to be spaced apart from the frame104, except around the retention mechanisms106a-106cand these contact points.

The retention mechanism106ccan be an active retention mechanism. The retention mechanism106ccan include a rotating door202and a protrusion204, the protrusion being configured to pass through a locking receptacle206on the frame104. The protrusion204can engage with the locking receptacle206on a lateral side of the frame104. The protrusion204can comprise a protruding element attached to the door202which is rotatably movable between a first position in which the lens508may be freely positioned within or removed from the retention mechanism106c, and a second position in which the lens108is locked within the retention mechanism106c.

The retention mechanisms106a,106bcan generally be passive mechanisms that receive projections208a.208bof the lens108such that the projections208a,208bare seated in the corresponding recesses formed by opposing walls of the retention mechanisms106a.106b. In use, the lens108can be slid into place by pressing the projections208a.208binto the corresponding recesses or openings of the retention mechanisms106a,106b. In this way, the lens108can be generally fitted into and retained within the retention mechanisms106a,106bin the frame104without also contacting other portions of the frame104. Thus, in some embodiments, such an arrangement can provide passive venting through the gap formed between the portions of the lens108not in contact with the retention mechanisms106a-106cand not in contact with the frame104.

When fitted onto the frame104, the first engagement portion208aof the lens108, comprising a laterally extending projection, can be seated within a groove or slot on the frame104formed by opposing walls of the retention mechanism106a. Similarly, the second engagement portion208bof the lens108, comprising an angled projection, can be sealed within a groove on the frame104formed by opposing walls within the retention mechanism106b. The first and second engagement portions208a,208bcan have different configurations and may be recesses, for example. The retention mechanisms can have different configurations and may be projections, for example. These passive retention mechanisms and corresponding features of the lens108can have a variety of configurations, including recesses, surface contours, cutouts, projections, slots, apertures, and other such surface structures and may be formed in a variety of shapes and/or sizes. The retention mechanisms106a,106bare shown as a single aperture, but can be formed as a plurality of apertures.

The retention mechanisms106a.106b.106ccan be disposed at any point along the frame104. Thus, although three retention mechanisms106a.106b.106care used in the embodiment of the eyeglass100, other embodiments of the eyeglass100can be constructed that comprise two, four, or five or more retention mechanisms disposed along the frame104. Moreover, while retention mechanisms106a,106bhave been described as passive mechanisms, it is to be understood that one or both of retention mechanisms106a,106bcan be active mechanisms. For example, one or both of retention mechanisms106a,106bcan have structures and/or functionality similar to retention mechanism106c.

In some embodiments, as illustrated, the door202of the active retention mechanism106cis rotatable relative to the lens108, the frame104, and the earstem102b; however, any other form of movement can be used instead of or in addition to rotation. In some embodiments, the retention mechanism106ccan be configured to pivot or slide relative to the frame104and/or earstem102b. In some embodiments, the retention mechanism106ccan be pivotally coupled to a different portion of the frame104. However, in the illustrated embodiment, the retention mechanism106cis configured to rotate relative to the frame104and the earstem102bto allow earstems102a,102bto be folded in without disengaging the retention mechanism106c.

The passive retention mechanisms106a.106bcan be configured such that the groove is at least partially defined by a pair of wall flanges of the frame104. In some embodiments, the retention mechanism106bcan include a guide slot configured to align and to secure the lens at a midline of the eyeglass100. For example, the transition fromFIG.2BtoFIG.2Cillustrates the lens108being aligned and at least partially secured by engaging the protrusion208bwith the retention mechanism106b. This has the added effect of properly aligning the protrusion208cof the lens108so that it is ready for the active retention mechanism106cto be locked into place by transitioning the door202from an open position to a closed position, as illustrated by the transition fromFIG.2CtoFIG.2D. In this closed position, the projection204restricts the movement of the lens108by restricting movement of the protrusion208e. In this way, the lens108can be secured to the frame104using passive and active retention mechanisms.

Examples of Eyeglass Having Passive Venting

FIGS.3A and3Billustrate front elevational views of example eyewear, such as eyeglass300having a portion of a lens308that is unsupported forming gaps309a,309bbetween the lens308and a frame304of the eyeglass300. The eyeglass300can incorporate the features and structures of eyeglass100. As shown in the illustrated embodiment, the gap309acan be formed on a first side of the frame304and the gap309bcan be formed on a second side of the frame304. However, it is to be understood that the gap309aand309bcan be combined into a single, continuous gap. The gaps309a,309bcan be configured to allow air to flow around the lens308. This exchange of air between the interior of the eyeglass300and the outside area reduces condensation on the posterior surface of the lens308. The gaps309a.309ballow air to pass between the interior of the eyeglass300and the surrounding area. The gaps309a,309bcan be located at or near the eyes of a user (e.g., above an area defined by a plane that is parallel to the longitudinal or mid-sagittal plane and that intersects an eye of the user). As shown in the illustrated embodiment, the gaps309a,309bare each continuous throughout its length. However, it is to be understood that the gaps309a,309bcan be further divided into more sub-gaps such that gaps309aand/or309bare not continuous throughout their lengths. These sub-gaps can be formed, for example, where there are additional contact points between the contact points306a,306b, and/or306csuch that the frame304and the lens308can be configured to be spaced apart from one another at various locations. In some embodiments, one or both gaps309a,309bcan be divided into two sub-gaps, three sub-gaps, four sub-gaps, five sub-gaps, six sub-gaps, or more. In some embodiments, one or both gaps309a.309bcan be divided into at least two sub-gaps, at least three sub-gaps, al least four sub-gaps, al least five sub-gaps, at least six sub-gaps, or more. In some embodiments, the gaps309a,309bcomprise about half of the total length of the upper edge of the lens308. In some instances, the total length of the upper edge of the lens308can be the chord length of the upper edge of the lens308and the total length of the gaps309a,309bcan be chord lengths of the gaps309a,309b. For example, an upper edge of the lens308may have a total chord length of about 170 mm and the total chord length of the gaps309a,309bcan be about 85 mm with each gap309ahaving a continuous chord length of about 425 mm. The total length or extent of the gaps (e.g., including sub-gaps) can be larger or smaller than this. For example, the total chord length of the gaps309a,309brelative to the total chord length of the lens308can be at least about 25%, at least about 40%, at least about 50%, at least about 25% and less than and/or equal to about 80%, at least about 35% and less than and/or equal to about 70%, or at least about 45% and less than and/or equal to about 60%. In some embodiments, the continuous or uninterrupted chord length (i.e., without any sub-gaps present such that the gap is undivided or unbroken) of al least one gap, such as gap309aand/or gap309b, relative to the total chord length of the lens308can be at least about 12.5%, at least about 20%, at least about 25%, at least about 12.5% and less than and/or equal to about 40%, at least about 57.5% and less than and/or equal to about 35%, or at least about 22.5% and less than and/or equal to about 30%. In some embodiments, the gaps309can be dispersed around the upper edge of the lens308. In some embodiments, the gaps309at the upper edge of the lens308and the gaps between the lens308and the face of the user at the bottom of the eyeglass300can cooperate to produce a chimney effect that draws fresh air into an interior region of the eyeglass300from the bottom and expels air from the interior region of the eyeglass300from the top thereof. In some instances, the total length of the upper edge of the lens308can be the perimeter length (i.e., measured along the periphery), such as the are length, of the upper edge of the lens308and the total length of the gaps309a,309bcan be the perimeter lengths, such as the arc lengths, of the gaps309a.309b. Accordingly, it is to be understood that any of the ratios and dimensioned above can be with respect to the perimeter lengths. In instances where the term “total length” is used, it should be understood that either the chord length or the perimeter length can be used.

InFIGS.3A and3B, the gaps309a,309bare generally hidden from view as the frame304serves to block a view of the gaps309a,309b. Thus, the gaps309a.309bare part of an optically blind venting system, or a venting system that includes gaps that are not visible when viewed straight on from a distance that is greater than or equal to about the width of the lens. In some embodiments, the gaps309a.309bare not visible when viewed straight on from about a foot or so away from the eyeglass300In some embodiments, only a portion of gaps309a,309bmay be visible when viewed straight on from a distance that is greater than or equal to about the width of the lens, such that the gaps309a,309bare part of a primarily optically blind venting system. For example, the visible portion of the gaps309a.309bmay be less than or equal to about 10%, of the total venting area defined between the upper edge307of the lens308and the lower edge of the frame304. In this manner, 90% of the total venting area would not be visible when viewed straight on from a distance that is greater than or equal to about the width of the lens. In some embodiments, the visible portion of the gaps309a.309bmay be less than or equal to about 20%, less than or equal to about 30%, less than equal to about 40%, of the total venting area defined between the upper edge307of the lens308and the lower edge of the frame304

The eyeglass300can have multiple contact points where the frame304contacts the lens308. These contact points can provide structural support and can be referred to as attachment points. The contact points306a-306dcan be attachment points because they provide structural support to the lens308or lenses308a.308b. The gaps309a,309bcan be made up of a number of sub-gaps between contact points. The total gap length (e.g., the length of the gap309aor309b) can be the sum of the lengths of each sub-gap making up the gap309aor309b.

FIG.4Aillustrates a partial top view of the example eyeglass300illustrated inFIG.3A.FIG.4Aillustrates the passive retention mechanism106binteracting with the protrusion305of the lens308. The upper edge307of the lens308is spaced apart from the frame304when the lens308is secured to the frame. The gaps309a,309bcan be more clearly seen in this view.

FIG.4Billustrates a partial side view of the example eyeglass300illustrated inFIG.3B. The following disclosure, however, applies to both unitary lens embodiments and dual lens embodiments. Accordingly, the disclosure is provided with respect to a line of sight of a user rather than describing the eyeglass as a whole.

FIG.4Billustrates the gap309bbetween the frame304and the lens308bwhen the lens308bis secured to the eyeglass300. A posterior extension310(e.g., a plane, a line, a curved surface, or a curved line) of the posterior surface of the lens308bcan be defined that acts as an imaginary extension of the posterior surface of the lens308. This posterior extension310can define an imaginary plane, line, curve, or curved surface. A posterior surface of the frame304can be configured to extend rearward of the posterior extension310with a distance. Df, that is less than or equal to about 4 mm, less than or equal to about 3.8 mm, less than or equal to about 3.5 mm, less than or equal to about 3.3 mm, less than or equal to about 0.3 mm, less than or equal to about 2.6 mm, less than or equal to about 2.25 mm, or less than or equal to about 2 mm. Similarly, the distance, Df, can be defined in terms of the lens center thickness. For example, the lens308can have a center thickness that is at least about 1.25 mm and/or less than or equal to about 0.3.5 mm, at least about 1.5 mm and/or less than or equal to about 3 mm, or at least about 1.9 mm and/or less than or equal to about 2.7 mm. The rearward extension of the frame304, Df, can be less than or equal to about 3.2× the center thickness of the lens308, less than or equal to about 3× the center thickness of the lens308, less than or equal to about 2.5× the center thickness of the lens308, less than or equal to about 2× the center thickness of the lens308, less than or equal to about 1.5× the center thickness of the lens308, less than or equal to about 1× the center thickness of the lens308, or less than or equal to about 0.67× the center thickness of the lens308. In some embodiments, the posterior surface of the frame304is configured to not extend rearward of the posterior extension310(e.g., the posterior extension310does not intersect the frame304or Df≤0). The posterior extension310generally extends the shape of the posterior surface of the lens308wherein the lens308can be piano or can conform to a curved shape such as, for example and without limitation, a spherical shape, a right circular cylinder, a frusto-conical shape, a toroid, an elliptic cylinder, an ellipsoid, an ellipsoid of revolution, other asphere or any of a number of other three dimensional shapes described elsewhere herein. By limiting the extension of the frame304past the posterior extension310, the eyeglass300can reduce condensation by allowing air flow to form a laminar flow. This can be contrasted with a frame that extends significantly rearward of a posterior extension of a lens which could cause turbulent air flow, reducing the flow of air and thereby reducing the anti-fogging characteristics of the eyeglass.

FIGS.5A and5Billustrate partial views of a lens508and a frame504with respect to an eye of a user to illustrate venting angles and illumination angles. For example,FIG.5Aillustrates a cross-section of the frame504above an eye of a user. The location and configuration of the frame504at that location can be configured so that there is a tortuous path to the user's eye (e.g., there is no direct path for light to travel to the user's eye without first passing through the lens508). This may be advantageous to reduce or prevent undesirable stray light from entering the user's vision. The angle from the user's eye to the edge of the frame504can be referred to as the illumination angle, θA. In some embodiments, the illumination angle can be less than or equal to about 48 degrees. In some embodiments, the illumination angle can be at least about 40 degrees and/or less than or equal to about 55 degrees, al least about 44 degrees and/or less than or equal to about 52 degrees, or at least about 46 degrees and/or less than or equal to about 50 degrees. The frame504and lens508can be configured to be relatively close to the face of the wearer so that light cannot travel in a straight line to the user's eye from above the user's eye without first travelling through the lens508. As noted above, features of the frame504, such as its relative relationship to the lens508(e.g., the presence of gaps forming a passive venting system which can be optically blind), can be used in any type of eyewear including, but not limited to, a unitary lens eyeglass, a dual lens eyeglass, an eyeglass with partial orbital, an eyeglass with full orbitals, and a goggle. In addition or in the alternative, features of the frame504, such as its relative relationship to the lens508, can be used with any other type of head worn support including, but not limited to, helmets, face masks, balaclavas, and breaching shields. In embodiments where the frame504extends around the entire periphery of the lens508, the illumination angle can also refer to angles that are below the horizon as well as angles that extend temporally relative to a plane parallel to the longitudinal or mid-sagittal plane. The frame504can be configured to provide illumination angles that in turn allow a desirable amount of peripheral vision to the wearer. For example, the frame504and lens508can be configured to provide each eye a field of view that at least covers a circle having a radius greater than or equal to about 20 mm centered on a horizontal centerline and that is about 32 mm from the vertical centerline as measured at the lens508.

FIG.5Billustrates a close-up view of the cross-section of the frame504above an eye of the user. The gap between the lens508and the frame504is configured to be at least about 1 mm wide (e.g., d1and d2are about 1 mm). In some embodiments, the gaps d1and d2can be at least about 0.5 mm and/or less than or equal to about 3 mm, at least about 0.7 mm and/or less than or equal to about 2, mm at least about 0.8 mm and/or less than or equal to about 12 mm. The gap d1 can be formed between a posterior surface506of frame504(the posterior surface506facing toward a wearer's head in an as-worn position) and an interior surface of lens508facing away from the wear's head in an as-worn position. The venting angle, θV, can be defined as the angle from the horizon for a direct path through the gap formed by the frame504and the lens508. In some embodiments, the venting angle is al least about 32 degrees, in various implementations, the venting angle can be greater than 0 (e.g., where positive angles are angles measured vertically upward from horizontal). The venting angle can be at least about 5 degrees and/or less than or equal to about 60 degrees, at least about 10 degrees and/or less than or equal to about 50 degrees, or at least about 20 degrees and/or less than or equal to about 40 degrees. Because this angle is positive, debris, particles, and dust will be directed away from the eyes of the user. Similarly, because this angle is positive, there is no direct path through the gap to the eye of the user.

The venting angle and illumination angle formed by the lens508and the frame504cooperate to increase passive venting and reduce stray light and particulates at the user's eye. The gap can increase air flow across the posterior surface of the lens508while the frame504mid lens508act to protect the user's eyes from light and debris.

Example Removable Lens Retention

FIG.6illustrates a partial view of a lateral passive retention mechanism606of a frame604for a lens608. As described herein, the lens608can include a protrusion602that is configured to seat within a receptacle606formed in the frame604of eyewear, such as the illustrated eyeglass. This lateral retention mechanism can act to align and to secure the lens608in the eyewear, allowing for a single active retention mechanism, described herein with reference toFIGS.9A to9D.FIG.7illustrates a partial view of a passive retention mechanism706near a midline of a frame704for a lens708. As described herein, the lens708can include an angled protrusion702that is configured to sit within a groove706formed within the frame704. This midline retention mechanism provides additional support and aligns the lens708when the lens is in use and when the lens is installed.FIG.8illustrates a view of a lens808situated in a frame804having an active retention mechanism806on a lateral portion of the frame804. As described herein, the passive retention mechanisms act to align the lens808so that the protrusion802is properly situated to allow the active retention mechanism, described heroin with reference toFIGS.9A to9D, to lock the lens808in place relative to the frame804.

The frame can include one or more contact points where the frame makes contact with the lens. One or more of these contact points can be attachment points, or points where the frame provides structural support to the lens (e.g., through an interference fit). An attachment point can be an active attachment point (e.g., an active retention mechanism) or a passive attachment point (e.g., a passive retention mechanism). The frame can include one or more passive attachment points and/or one or more active attachment points. In certain implementations, the attachment points can be the only locations where the lens contacts the frame of an eyewear. In various implementations, portions of the frame between the contact points do not contact the frame and form a gap between the frame and the lens to provide passive venting for the eyewear, as described elsewhere herein.

Example Active Retention Mechanism

FIGS.9A-9Dillustrate several views of an active retention mechanism of a frame904securing a lens908to the frame904. The active retention mechanism includes a door912, a projection914, and a hinge that allows the door to pivot or otherwise move, wherein the door is configured to have a contour that matches the frame904and the earstem902, to provide an aesthetically pleasing configuration when locked. The lens908includes the protrusion910that slides or otherwise moves into place when the lens is properly sealed in the passive retention mechanisms described herein, and as illustrated in the transition fromFIG.9BtoFIG.9C. Once the lens908is in place, the door912can transition to a closed state from an open state so that the projection914engages with the receptacle916. This is shown in the transition fromFIG.9CtoFIG.9D, which shows a near view of the active retention mechanism locked in place.

When the active retention mechanism is locked in place, the earstem902can rotate freely from a folded state (e.g., approximately parallel to the frame904) to an extended state (e.g., approximately perpendicular to the frame904). This configuration provides a dual hinge action, wherein the door912has a first hinge around which it pivots and the earstem has a second hinge around which it pivots. Thus, when the door912is closed or locked into position, the earstem902can rotate without disengaging the active retention mechanism. However, when the earstem902is in the extended position, the door is prevented from opening. In this way, the active retention mechanism can be made to be locked so as to prevent the lens908from being accidentally removed from the frame904. Similarly, when the door912is open and the earstem902is folded in, pivoting the earstem902to an extended position will act to close the door912. Thus, the earstem902can be used to assist in locking the active retention mechanism in place to secure the lens908.

Many other embodiments of the active retention mechanism are possible as well. For example, various systems have been designed that enable a wearer to quickly modify eyewear using replaceable components, earstems, and/or lenses, such by using the systems disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,730,915, 5,387,949, and 7,347,545, and U.S. Publication No. 2013/0077042, the entirely of the disclosure of each of which is incorporated herein by reference. In some embodiments disclosed heroin, support can be provided to a replaceable or removable lens at three or more points on the lens to enhance the ballistic resistance and lens stability of an eyeglass or goggle. Some examples of support features are shown in U.S. Pat. No. 7,954,942, issued on Jun. 7, 2011, the entirely of which is incorporated herein by reference. Farther examples of support features are shown in U.S. Pat. No. 8,192,015, issued on Jun. 5, 2012, U.S. Pat. No. 8,469,510, issued on Jun. 25, 2013, and U.S. Pat. No. 8,881,316, issued on Nov. 11, 2014, the entireties of each of which are incorporated herein by reference.

Some embodiments described herein can advantageously securely retain the lens relative to the frame while generally providing passive venting capabilities along with desirable optical characteristics. For example, the lens can be secured to and/or supported by the frame in a manner that generally preserves the as-molded geometry of the lens while preventing stray light from entering the user's eye. This can be accomplished while providing gaps between the frame and the lens to provide venting. Some embodiments disclosed herein can advantageously provide an eyeglass or goggle in which the lens and/or ear stems can be easily removed and replaced by the wearer while enabling the wearer to mount the lens and providing superior ballistic resistance and lens stability.

Example Goggle

FIGS.10A-10Dillustrate several views of an example goggle1000configured to be used with embodiments of the lenses described herein. The goggle1000is configured to receive the lens1008within a support structure, such as a goggle frame1004. The lens1008comprises an arcuate unitary lens which extends across both of the wearer's right and left eye fields of view. The lens1008is supported by the frame1004wherein the frame1004is configured to surround the lens1008and configured to contact the head of a user. The lens1008and the frame1004are both configured with a downwardly concave indent or nosepiece opening for receiving the nose. The rear surface of the frame1004is covered with a foam component1005or other compressible material, and is adapted to contact the wearer's face. Further, the elastic strap1001is connected to the opposing sides or ends of the frame1004so that the wearer can fit and wear the goggle on their bead.

When worn, the surface of the foam component1005or other compressible material disposed at the rear of the goggle1000makes contact with the wearer's face. This wearer-contacting surface has a radius of curvature in the horizontal plane that is adapted to conform from side to side of the wearer's face.

In use, the wearer can position the goggle frame1004onto her face and adjust the elastic strap1001around the back of her head in order to firmly, but comfortably secure the goggle frame1004in place. The foam component1005is intended to contact the wearer's face and allow the goggle1000to conform to the surface of the wearer's face. The goggle frame1004can be rigid or semi-rigid. The goggle frame1004can be pliable and flexible to allow the lens1008to be easily inserted and removed. The goggle frame1004can include a groove or channel1012around an interior portion of the goggle frame1004to provide a guide for the lens1008. The lens1008can be positioned within the groove or channel1012structure, wherein the groove or channel1012structure includes one or more features that act as passive retention mechanisms to secure the lens in place during use. The goggle frame1004can be worn on the head of the user without the lens1008, if so desired.

FIG.10Dillustrates a cress-sectional side view of the goggle1000. As shown, the lens1008of the goggle1000is mounted in the goggle frame1004with the features that allow it to be secured in an eyeglass frame acting to secure it in the goggle frame. For example, the lens1008can include protrusion1010configured to sit within a passive retention mechanism1006of the goggle frame1004.

In some embodiments, the interchangeable lens structure1008can provide at least one interconnection point or engagement section1010between the lens1008and the retention mechanism1006where the lens1008is secured to the goggle frame1004. The interchangeable lens structure1010can comprise one or more stationary structures, which can be used in combination to retain the lens1008in a mounted position within the goggle1004. Other examples of an interchangeable lens structure1008with a goggle frame1004are provided in U.S. Pat. No. 8,800,067, issued Aug. 12, 2014, entitled “Eyewear with Interchangeable Lens Mechanism.” the entirety of which is incorporated herein by reference.

In some embodiments, the goggle frame1004can incorporate a passive venting system. For example, the goggle frame1004can include structures, such us gaps, similar to those described above in connection with frames104,304. In some embodiments, the gaps can be generally hidden from view as the frame1004serves to block a view of the gaps. Thus, the gaps can be part of an optically blind venting system, or a venting system that includes gaps that are not visible when viewed straight on from a reasonable distance (e.g., about a foot or so away from the goggle1000). In some embodiments, only a portion of gaps may be visible when viewed straight on from a reasonable distance such that the gaps309a.309bare part of a primarily optically blind venting system.

Example Headworn Support

Any and all of the features described above with respect to embodiments and lenses, such as passive venting, passive retention mechanisms, and active retention mechanisms, may be used in other types of headworn supports including, but not limited to, helmets, face masks, balaclavas, and breaching shields.FIG.13illustrates a perspective view of an example helmet1300configured to be used with a lens1308and which incorporates the passive venting features described above. The helmet1300is configured to receive the lens1308within a support structure, such as a brow1305of a helmet frame1304. The lens1308comprises an arcuate unitary lens which extends across both of the wearer's right and left eye fields of view. The lens1308is supported by the frame1304wherein the frame1304is configured to extend around at least an upper portion of the lens1308and configured to surround the head of a user. The lens1308is configured with a downwardly concave indent or nosepiece opening for receiving the nose. The inner surface of the frame1304can be covered with a compressible material, and is adapted to contact the wearer's head.

When worn, the surface of the compressible material disposed at the inner surface of the helmet1300makes contact with the wearer's head including the wearer's face. This wearer-contacting surface has a radius of curvature in the horizontal plane that is adapted to conform from side to side of the wearer's face.

A portion of the helmet frame1304, such as a portion of the brow, such as a brim1305, can include a pliable and flexible portion to allow the lens1308to be easily inserted and removed. The brow1305can include a groove1306around an interior portion of the brow1305to provide a guide for the lens1308. The lens1308can be positioned within the groove1306structure, wherein the groove1306structure includes one or more features that act as passive retention mechanisms to secure the lens in place during use. The helmet frame1304can be worn on the head of the user without the lens1308, if so desired.

Example Headworn Support Kits

In some instances, the lenses described herein can be interchangeably used with a variety of different bead worn supports each having a different structure and function including, but not limited to, helmets, face masks, balaclavas, breaching shields, and eyewear such as eyeglasses and goggles. For example, in some instances, the same lens can be interchangeably used with a helmet, goggles, and/or an eyeglass. A particular lens can be utilized with any other combination of two or more different headworn supports. This can beneficially allow the wearer to utilize a single lens with a variety of different headworn supports depending on the particular activity. For example, the wearer may utilize the lens with a cycling helmet when biking and switch the lens onto an eyeglass when off the bike. In some instances, the wearer may later switch the lens from the eyeglass and onto a snow helmet, goggle, or balaclava for skiing.

FIGS.11A and11Brespectively illustrate front elevational and front perspective views of an example kit having an eyeglass frame1101, a goggle frame1103, and a lens1102compatible with both the eyeglass frame and the goggle frame. The lens1102can be a unitary lens, as illustrated, or it can be two or more lenses. As described herein, the same lens1102can be configured to be secured to the eyeglass frame1101and the goggle frame1103using complementary but different retention mechanisms. In some embodiments, each of the eyeglass frame1101and the goggle frame1103can be independently worn without the lens1102.FIGS.12A and12Billustrate views of the example kit ofFIGS.11A and11Bassembled into an eyeglass1201and into a goggle1202. In some embodiments, the eyeglass1201can be formed by securing the lens1102to the eyeglass frame1101and the goggle1202can be formed by securing the lens1102to the goggle frame1103, wherein the eyeglass frame1101and the goggle frame1103do not share any components from the kit when forming the eyeglass1201and the goggle1202. For example, to form the eyeglass1201, the lens1102is secured to the eyeglass frame1101. Then, to form the goggle1202, the lens1102can be removed from the eyeglass frame1101and secured to the goggle frame1103without including any additional components from the eyeglass frame1101to form the goggle1202. This same functionality can apply when forming the eyeglass1201after first forming the goggle1202. This interchangeable lens1102allows for an eyeglass frame1101and a goggle frame1103to be purchased and to be able to replace the lenses of each with compatible lenses when the lenses break or when different functionality is desired. Thus, the kits can provide eyewear that does not need to be replaced when the lens no longer provides desired functionality. In addition, the kit provides eyewear with the passive venting functionality and ballistic performance described herein.

Example Ballistic Performance

Some embodiments of the eyewear described herein can provide desirable and advantageous passive venting functionality. In addition or in the alternative, the disclosed eyewear can provide increased lens stability and ballistic resistance. This may be due at least in part to the retention system implemented with the lens and frames. For example, by allowing a lower edge of the lens to float free from the frame, impact on the lens can cause the lens to deform and absorb the impact due at least in part to a tympanic response to the impact. This can allow the lens to deform rather than shatter, which may otherwise Ire the case if the lens were rigidly attached around the entirety of the perimeter of the lens. The gaps that provide the passive venting can also act to provide desirable ballistic performance.

Some embodiments of the eyeglass disclosed herein can help the lens to resist becoming transitorily and/or permanently substantially separated from the frame in response to a ballistic event. Some embodiments of the eyeglass can be configured such that a force transmitted to the lens is substantially entirely transmitted to the frame of the eyeglass while substantially maintaining engagement between the lens and the frame. For example, although the lens of such an eyeglass may be damaged (cracked or chipped), the lens avoids shattering or displacing relative to the frame. This ballistic resistance can provide excellent protection to the wearer.

In some embodiments, the goggles and eyeglasses described herein can be impact resistant. For example, the eyewear can be configured to resist ballistic impacts, for example, for combat uses. The frames can be configured to retain the lens in the event of an impact on the lens and to allow the lens to deform without shattering. The active retention mechanism can be configured to remain in the closed position in the event of an impact on the lens vine to the interaction with the earstem, as described hemin.

In some embodiments, the eyewear, such as eyeglasses described herein, can conform to the American National Standard for Occupational and Educational Personal Eye and Face Protection Devices standard ANSI/ISEA Z87.1-2010. For example, the eyewear can be configured to resist impact from a 6.35 mm (0.25 in.) diameter steel ball traveling at about 150 ft/s. In such a situation, the eyewear can be configured to prevent contact of the ball with the eye of a user. Similarly, the eyewear disclosed herein can conform to the Performance Specification for the Military Combat Eye Protection (MCEP) System standard MIL-PRT-32432(GL). For example, the eyewear can be configured to resist impact from a .15 caliber, 5.85 grain, T37 shaped projectile (e.g., a cylindrical-shaped, chamfered-edge fragment) at 640 to 660 ft/sec (e.g., about 650 ft/sec) at normal incidence to the primary lens without cracking, fracturing, or shattering, without being penetrated, or without having one or more fragments dislodging, etc.

Terminology

Conditional language used herein, such as, among others, “can,” “could,” “might,” “may,” “e.g.,” and the like, unless specifically slated otherwise, or otherwise understood within the context as used, is generally intended to convey that certain embodiments include, while other embodiments do not include, certain features, elements and/or steps. Thus, such conditional language is not generally intended to imply that features, elements and/or steps are in any way required for one or more embodiments or that one or more embodiments necessarily include logic for deciding, with or without other input or prompting, whether these features, elements and/or steps are included or are to be performed in any particular embodiment. The terms “comprising,” “including,” “having.” and the like are synonymous and are used inclusively, in an open-ended fashion, and do not exclude additional elements, features, acts, operations, and so forth. Also, the term “or” is used in its inclusive sense (and not in its exclusive sense) so that when used, for example, to connect a list of elements, the term “or” means one, some, or all of the elements in the list.

Disjunctive language such as the phrase “at least one of X, Y, Z” unless specifically stated otherwise, is otherwise understood with the context as used in general to present that an item, term, etc., may be either X, Y, or Z, or any combination thereof (e.g., X, Y, and/or Z). Thus, such disjunctive language is not generally intended to, and should not, imply that certain embodiments require at least one of X, at least one of Y, or at least one of Z to each be present.

While the above detailed description has shown, described, and pointed out novel features as applied to various embodiments, it can be understood that various omissions, substitutions, and changes in the form and details of the devices or algorithms illustrated can be made without departing from the spirit of the disclosure. Any structure, feature, step, or process disclosed herein in one embodiment can be used separately or combined with or used instead of any other structure, feature, step, or process disclosed in any other embodiment. Also, no structure, feature, step, or processes disclosed herein is essential or indispensable; any may be omitted in some embodiments. The scope of certain embodiments disclosed herein is indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description. All changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are to be embraced within their scope.