Patent ID: 12256371

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

Detailed embodiments and implementations of the claimed subject matters are disclosed herein. However, it shall be understood that the disclosed embodiments and implementations are merely illustrative of the claimed subject matters which may be embodied in various forms. The present disclosure may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the exemplary embodiments and implementations set forth herein. Rather, these exemplary embodiments and implementations are provided so that description of the present disclosure is thorough and complete and will fully convey the scope of the present disclosure to those skilled in the art. In the description below, details of well-known features and techniques may be omitted to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the presented embodiments and implementations.

Overview

Implementations in accordance with the present disclosure relate to various techniques, methods, schemes and/or solutions pertaining to optimization of distributed RU tone plans for PAPR reduction in 6 GHz LPI systems. According to the present disclosure, a number of possible solutions may be implemented separately or jointly. That is, although these possible solutions may be described below separately, two or more of these possible solutions may be implemented in one combination or another.

It is noteworthy that, in the present disclosure, a regular RU (rRU) refers to a RU with tones that are continuous (e.g., adjacent to one another) and not interleaved, interlaced or otherwise distributed. Moreover, a 26-tone regular RU may be interchangeably denoted as RU26 (or rRU26), a 52-tone regular RU may be interchangeably denoted as RU52 (or rRU52), a 106-tone regular RU may be interchangeably denoted as RU106 (or rRU106), a 242-tone regular RU may be interchangeably denoted as RU242 (or rRU242), and so on. Moreover, an aggregate (26+52)-tone regular multi-RU (MRU) may be interchangeably denoted as MRU78 (or rMRU78), an aggregate (26+106)-tone regular MRU may be interchangeably denoted as MRU132 (or rMRU132), and so on. Furthermore, in the present disclosure, a 26-tone distributed-tone RU may be interchangeably denoted as dRU26, a 52-tone distributed-tone RU may be interchangeably denoted as dRU52, a 106-tone distributed-tone RU may be interchangeably denoted as dRU106, a 242-tone distributed-tone RU may be interchangeably denoted as dRU242, and so on. Additionally, an aggregate (26+52)-tone distributed-tone MRU may be interchangeably denoted as dMRU78, an aggregate (26+106)-tone distributed-tone MRU may be interchangeably denoted as dMRU132, and so on.

Since the above examples are merely illustrative examples and not an exhaustive listing of all possibilities, the same applies to regular RUs, distributed-tone RUs, MRUs, and distributed-tone MRUs of different sizes (or different number of tones). It is also noteworthy that, in the present disclosure, a bandwidth of 20 MHz may be interchangeably denoted as BW20, a bandwidth of 40 MHz may be interchangeably denoted as BW40, a bandwidth of 80 MHz may be interchangeably denoted as BW80, a bandwidth of 160 MHz may be interchangeably denoted as BW160, a bandwidth of 240 MHz may be interchangeably denoted as BW240, and a bandwidth of 320 MHz may be interchangeably denoted as BW320. It is further noteworthy that, in the present disclosure, a 26-tone interleaved-tone (or interlaced-tone) RU may be interchangeably denoted as iRU26 as well as dRU26 (26-tone distributed-tone RU), a 52-tone interleaved-tone (or interlaced-tone) RU may be interchangeably denoted as iRU52 as well as dRU52 (52-tone distributed-tone RU), a 106-tone interleaved-tone (or interlaced-tone) RU may be interchangeably denoted as iRU106 as well as dRU106 (106-tone distributed-tone RU), a 242-tone interleaved-tone (or interlaced-tone) RU may be interchangeably denoted as iRU242 as well as dRU242 (242-tone distributed-tone RU), and a 484-tone interleaved-tone (or interlaced-tone) RU may be interchangeably denoted as iRU484 as well as dRU484 (484-tone distributed-tone RU).

FIG.1illustrates an example network environment100in which various solutions and schemes in accordance with the present disclosure may be implemented.FIG.2A/B/C˜FIG.26illustrate examples of implementation of various proposed schemes in network environment100in accordance with the present disclosure. The following description of various proposed schemes is provided with reference toFIG.1˜FIG.26.

Referring toFIG.1, network environment100may involve a communication entity110and a communication entity120communicating wirelessly (e.g., in a WLAN in accordance with one or more Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 standards). For instance, communication entity110may be a first station (STA) and communication entity120may be a second STA, with each of the first STA and second STA functioning as either an access point (AP) STA or a non-AP STA. Under various proposed schemes in accordance with the present disclosure, communication entity110and communication entity120may be configured to communicate wirelessly with optimization of distributed RU tone plans for PAPR reduction in 6 GHz LPI systems, as described herein.

Each ofFIG.2A,FIG.2BandFIG.2Cillustrates a respective aspect of an example design200of a dRU tone plan for BW20 under a proposed scheme in accordance with the present disclosure. Specifically,FIG.2Ashows an example of distribution of a dRU on BW20,FIG.2Bshows an example of dRU tone distribution pattern, andFIG.2Cshows an example of parameters for dRU tone plan generation under this proposed scheme. Referring toFIG.2A, in a first approach (Approach 1) under the proposed scheme, the dRU tone plan for BW20 may have a tone distribution range over [−120:−2, 2:120] with three DC tones around a center DC tone in the tone distribution range. In a second approach (Approach 2) under the proposed scheme, the dRU tone plan for BW20 may have a tone distribution range over [−121:−3, 3:121] with at least five DC tones around the center DC tone in the tone distribution range to achieve optimal power boost gain. It is believed that the second approach may mitigate performance loss due to a smaller number of DC tones in the first approach. Referring toFIG.2B, the example of dRU tone distribution pattern is for the case of a periodicity or repetition period, Np, of 9 (or Np=9) for each of dRU26, dRU52 and dRU106. Referring toFIG.2C, parameters such as RUstartand h for BW20 and Np=9 for each of dRU26, dRU52 and dRU106 under this proposed scheme are shown. In the present disclosure, RUstartdenotes the first or starting tone index for dRU, and denotes the tones within one repetition distance or one repetition period.

Under a proposed scheme in accordance with the present disclosure with respect to PAPR reduction, dRU on BW20 may be spread over a tone distribution range of [−120:−2, 2:120] or [−121:−3, 3:121] to achieve optimal power boost gain. It is believed that, after the optimization of dRU tone plan, a 26-tone dRU may achieve a similar PAPR as does a regular RU. Under the proposed scheme, several different approaches may be used for PAPR reduction for dRU over BW20.FIG.3illustrates an example scenario300under the proposed scheme. Each ofFIG.4,FIG.5andFIG.6illustrates an example scenario400,500or600, respectively, of PAPR reduction performance for a dRU of a respective size on BW20 under the proposed scheme.FIG.7Aillustrates an example design700A of a dRU tone plan for BW20 under a first option (Option 1) of the proposed scheme.FIG.7Billustrates an example design700B of another dRU tone plan for BW20 under Option 1 of the proposed scheme.FIG.8illustrates an example design800of a dRU tone plan for BW20 under a second option (Option 2) of the proposed scheme.

Referring toFIG.3, one approach may involve searching different combinations of KLIst(index of the first left-hand side dRU subcarrier or tone on the left side of tone distribution) and Ndc(number of DC tones) based on dRU generation formula and find the combination of the parameters that achieves the lowest PAPR. Another approach may involve creating a gap around a number of DC tones with the gap being multiple times of a dRU tone separation distance (Dtd), which is also in terms of number of tones. For instance, the gap around DC=n*Dtd, with n denoting a multiplication factor and n=1, 2, 3, 4, . . . For the example of 26-tone dRU ofFIG.7A, the Dtdis 9, and the gap is 18 (i.e., from “−12” to “6”) for the dRU1. For dRU on BW20, Dtd=9 for dRU26 on BW20 may be implemented, with n=3 or n=2 or n=1 for PAPR reduction. This similar rule may be applied to dRU on BW40 and BW80.FIG.4shows an example scenario400of PAPR reduction performance for dRU26 on BW20.FIG.5shows an example scenario500of PAPR reduction performance for dRU52 on BW20.FIG.6shows an example scenario600of PAPR reduction performance for dRU106 on BW20.FIG.7Ashows an example design700A of a dRU tone plan of data and pilot subcarrier (or tone) indices for dRU26, dRU52 and dRU106 with Np=9 in a 20 MHz extremely-high-throughput (EHT) trigger-based (TB) physical-layer protocol data unit (PPDU) for a 6 GHZ LPI system.FIG.7Bshows an example design700B of a dRU tone plan of data and pilot subcarrier (or tone) indices for dRU26, dRU52 and dRU106 with Np=9 in a 20 MHz EHT TB PPDU for a 6 GHZ LPI system.FIG.8shows an example design800of a dRU tone plan of data and pilot subcarrier (or tone) indices for dRU26, dRU52 and dRU106 with Np=9 in a 20 MHz EHT TB PPDU for a 6 GHZ LPI system. In the table of each ofFIG.7A,FIG.7BandFIG.8, i denotes a dRU index on BW20 or on a frequency segment or subblock.

Under a proposed scheme in accordance with the present disclosure, several different approaches may be used for PAPR reduction for dRU over BW40. Each ofFIGS.9A and9Billustrates a respective aspect of an example design900of a dRU tone plan for BW40 under the proposed scheme. Each ofFIG.10andFIG.11illustrates an example scenario1000or1100, respectively, of PAPR reduction performance for a dRU of a respective size on BW40 under the proposed scheme.FIG.12illustrates an example design1200of a dRU tone plan for BW40 under a first option (Option 1) of the proposed scheme.FIG.13illustrates an example design1300of a dRU tone plan for BW40 under a second option (Option 2) of the proposed scheme.

Referring toFIG.9A, the example of dRU tone distribution pattern is for the case of Np=18 for each of dRU26, dRU52, dRU106 and dRU242 on BW40. It can be seen that, for dRU242, the tones may be uniformly distributed under this proposed scheme. It is believed that implementation of the proposed scheme may achieve perfect uniformity in tone distribution for dRU242 on BW40. Referring toFIG.9B, parameters such as RUstartand h for BW40 and Np=18 for each of dRU26, dRU52, dRU106 and dRU242 on BW40 under this proposed scheme are shown.FIG.10shows an example scenario1000of PAPR reduction performance for dRU26 on BW40, andFIG.11shows an example scenario1100of PAPR reduction performance for dRU242 on BW40. As can be seen, after optimization under this proposed scheme, both 26-tone dRU and 242-tone dRU may achieve similar PAPR as that of a rRU on BW40.FIG.12shows an example design1200of a dRU tone plan of data and pilot subcarrier (or tone) indices for dRU26, dRU52, dRU106 and dRU242 with Np=18 in a 40 MHz EHT TB PPDU for a 6 GHZ LPI system.FIG.13shows an example design1300of a dRU tone plan of data and pilot subcarrier (or tone) indices for dRU26, dRU52, dRU106 and dRU242 with Np=18 in a 40 MHz EHT TB PPDU for a 6 GHZ LPI system.

Under a proposed scheme in accordance with the present disclosure, two options (Option 1 and Option 2) may be utilized for PAPR reduction for dRU over BW80. Each ofFIGS.14A and14Billustrates a respective aspect of an example design1400of a dRU tone plan for BW80 under Option 1 of the proposed scheme. Each ofFIG.15andFIG.16illustrates an example scenario1500or1600, respectively, of PAPR reduction performance for a dRU of a respective size on BW80 under Option 1 of the proposed scheme. Each ofFIG.17A,FIG.17BandFIG.17Cillustrates a respective portion of an example design1700of a dRU tone plan for BW80 under Option 1 of the proposed scheme.FIG.18illustrates an example design1800of a dRU tone plan for BW80 under Option 1 of the proposed scheme.

Referring toFIG.14A, the example of dRU tone distribution pattern is for the case of Np=36 for each of dRU26, dRU52, dRU106, dRU242 and dRU484. It can be seen that, for dRU242 and dRU484, the tones may be uniformly distributed under this proposed scheme. Thus, implementation of the proposed scheme may achieve perfect uniformity in tone distribution for dRU242 and dRU484 on BW80. Referring toFIG.14B, parameters such as RUstartand h for BW80 and Np=36 for each of dRU26, dRU52, dRU106, dRU242 and dRU484 under this proposed scheme are shown. In the table shown inFIG.14B, V=[0, 16, 8, 24, 32, 4, 20, 12, 28, 6, 22, 14, 30, 34, 2, 18, 10, 26]. Advantageously, the proposed scheme may achieve optimal power boost gains for dRUs of all the listed sizes, and all dRUs may be repeatable.FIG.15shows an example scenario1500of PAPR reduction performance for dRU242 on BW80, andFIG.16shows an example scenario1600of PAPR reduction performance for dRU484 on BW80. As can be seen, after optimization under this proposed scheme, both 242-tone dRU and 484-tone dRU may achieve similar PAPR as that of a rRU on BW80. Each ofFIG.17A,FIG.17BandFIG.17Cshows a respective portion of an example design1700of a dRU tone plan of data and pilot subcarrier (or tone) indices for dRU26, dRU52, dRU106, dRU242 and dRU484 with Np=36 in an 80 MHz EHT TB PPDU for a 6 GHZ LPI system.FIG.18shows an example design1800of a dRU tone plan of data and pilot subcarrier (or tone) indices for dRU52, dRU106, dRU242 and dRU484 in an 80 MHz EHT TB PPDU for a 6 GHZ LPI system.

Each ofFIGS.19A,19B and19Cillustrates a respective aspect of an example design1900of a dRU tone plan for BW80 under Option 2 of the proposed scheme. Each ofFIG.20A,FIG.20BandFIG.20Cillustrates a respective portion of an example design2000of a dRU tone plan for BW80 under Option 2 of the proposed scheme.FIG.21illustrates an example design2100of a dRU tone plan for BW80 under Option 2 of the proposed scheme.

Referring toFIG.19A, the example of dRU tone distribution pattern is for the case of Np=36 for each of dRU52, dRU106, dRU242 and dRU484. It can be seen that, for dRU484, the tones may be uniformly distributed under this proposed scheme. It can also be seen that there are two distribution patterns for dRU242 and one distribution pattern for dRU484. Thus, implementation of the proposed scheme may achieve perfect uniformity in tone distribution for dRU484 on BW80. Referring toFIG.19BandFIG.19C, parameters such as RUstartand h for BW80 and Np=36 for each of dRU26, dRU52, dRU106, dRU242 and dRU484 under this proposed scheme are shown. In the table shown inFIG.19B, V=[0, 18, 8, 26, 16, 4, 22, 12, 30, 2, 20, 10, 28, 34, 6, 24, 4, 32]. In the table shown inFIG.19C, V=[2, 20, 10, 28, 18, 6, 24, 14, 32, 4, 22, 12, 30, 0, 8, 26, 16, 34]. Advantageously, the proposed scheme may achieve optimal power boost gains for dRUs of all the listed sizes, and all dRUs may be repeatable. Each ofFIG.20A,FIG.20BandFIG.20Cshows a respective portion of an example design2000of a dRU tone plan of data and pilot subcarrier (or tone) indices for dRU26, dRU52, dRU106, dRU242 and dRU484 with Np=36 in an 80 MHz EHT TB PPDU for a 6 GHZ LPI system.FIG.21shows an example design2100of a dRU tone plan of data and pilot subcarrier (or tone) indices for dRU52, dRU106, dRU242 and dRU484 in an 80 MHz EHT TB PPDU for a 6 GHZ LPI system.

Under a proposed scheme in accordance with the present disclosure, in addition to or in lieu of using tone tables shown in the figures and described above, dRU subcarrier indices may be calculated or otherwise generated by using the following formula:

{KL⁢1⁢st+ktd(r,k),for⁢k=0,1,2,…,Nst2-1Ndc+ktd(r,k-Nst2),for⁢k=Nst2,Nst2+1,…,Nst-1

In the above formula, ktddenotes a tone distribution pattern generated under the proposed scheme. Moreover, KLIstand Ndcmay be bandwidth dependent, and different dRU tone plans may be generated or optimized based on this formula. Under the proposed scheme, given a distribution bandwidth and a logical RU size, the tone distribution pattern of a dRU may be generated based on a formula as follows:
Ktd(r,k)=RUstart(r)+l(i)+j*Np

Here, Npdenotes a periodicity or repetition period (e.g., in number of tones); l(i)denotes a tone distribution pattern within one repetition period (e.g., every two or three tones, and so on); i=mod(k,L)=0, 1, 2, . . . , L−1; j=0, 1, 2, . . . ,

⌈Nst⁢_⁢ru2⁢L⌉-1;
k=0, 1, 2, . . . , (Nst_ru/2)−1; r=1, 2, . . . , Nru, with r being the logical RU index. Moreover, l(i)∈Ωru={l(0), T(1), . . . , l(L−1)}; L=|Ωru|; Nst_ru=26, 52, 106, 242 and 484, for RU26, RU52, RU106, RU242 and RU484, respectively. Additionally, RUstart(r) represents the first or starting tone index for dRUr; l(i)represents the tones within one repetition distance or one repetition period; Nprepresents the repetition distance or repetition period; L represents the number of tones within one repetition distance or one repetition period; Nst_rurepresents the number of subcarriers (or tones) for a dRU; and Nrurepresents the number of dRUs for a given dRU size in a given bandwidth. These parameters may be defined for different bandwidths.

It is noteworthy that various schemes proposed herein with respect to dRU tone plans may also be applied an aggregation of multiple RUs to achieve distribution of tones for MRU, or dMRU.FIG.22illustrates an example scenario2200of a dMRU under a proposed scheme in accordance with the present disclosure.FIG.23illustrates an example scenario2300of another dMRU under a proposed scheme in accordance with the present disclosure.FIG.24illustrates an example design2400under a proposed scheme in accordance with the present disclosure.

Referring toFIG.22andFIG.23, in BW20, there may be three allowed MRU(52+26), and there may be two allowed MRU(106+26). Under a first approach of the proposed scheme, the same combinations of dMRUs may be supported as for regular MRUs (rMRUs) such as, for example, three dMRU(52+26) and two dMRU(106+26). Similar with rMRUs, dMRU78_1=dRU52_2+dRU26_2, dMRU78_2=dRU52_2+dRU26_5, dMRU78_3=dRU52_3+dRU26_8, dMRU132_1=dRU106_1+dRU26_5, and dMRU132_2=dRU106_2+dRU26_5. Here, dMRU78=dMRU(52+26) and dMRU132=dMRU(106+26). The same principles may be applied to dMRU78 and dMRU132 for BW40 and BW80. Under a second approach of the proposed scheme, the subcarrier indices of a dMRU may be generated from corresponding dRU subcarrier indices from the table of design2400shown inFIG.24.

The same methods of generation of dMRU subcarrier indices may be applied to dMRUs for BW20, BW40 and BW80. For instance, dMRU78_1 may be built from a 52-tone dRU2 and a 26-tone dRU2. Similarly, dMRU132_2 may be built from a 26-tone dRU5 and a 106-tone dRU2.

Illustrative Implementations

FIG.25illustrates an example system2500having at least an example apparatus2510and an example apparatus2520in accordance with an implementation of the present disclosure. Each of apparatus2510and apparatus2520may perform various functions to implement schemes, techniques, processes and methods described herein pertaining to optimization of distributed RU tone plans for PAPR reduction in 6 GHz LPI systems, including the various schemes described above with respect to various proposed designs, concepts, schemes, systems and methods described above as well as processes described below. For instance, apparatus2510may be an example implementation of communication entity110, and apparatus2520may be an example implementation of communication entity120.

Each of apparatus2510and apparatus2520may be a part of an electronic apparatus, which may be a STA or an AP, such as a portable or mobile apparatus, a wearable apparatus, a wireless communication apparatus or a computing apparatus. For instance, each of apparatus2510and apparatus2520may be implemented in a smartphone, a smart watch, a personal digital assistant, a digital camera, or a computing equipment such as a tablet computer, a laptop computer or a notebook computer. Each of apparatus2510and apparatus2520may also be a part of a machine type apparatus, which may be an IoT apparatus such as an immobile or a stationary apparatus, a home apparatus, a wire communication apparatus or a computing apparatus. For instance, each of apparatus2510and apparatus2520may be implemented in a smart thermostat, a smart fridge, a smart door lock, a wireless speaker or a home control center. When implemented in or as a network apparatus, apparatus2510and/or apparatus2520may be implemented in a network node, such as an AP in a WLAN.

In some implementations, each of apparatus2510and apparatus2520may be implemented in the form of one or more integrated-circuit (IC) chips such as, for example and without limitation, one or more single-core processors, one or more multi-core processors, one or more reduced-instruction set computing (RISC) processors, or one or more complex-instruction-set-computing (CISC) processors. In the various schemes described above, each of apparatus2510and apparatus2520may be implemented in or as a STA or an AP. Each of apparatus2510and apparatus2520may include at least some of those components shown inFIG.25such as a processor2512and a processor2522, respectively, for example. Each of apparatus2510and apparatus2520may further include one or more other components not pertinent to the proposed scheme of the present disclosure (e.g., internal power supply, display device and/or user interface device), and, thus, such component(s) of apparatus2510and apparatus2520are neither shown inFIG.25nor described below in the interest of simplicity and brevity.

In one aspect, each of processor2512and processor2522may be implemented in the form of one or more single-core processors, one or more multi-core processors, one or more RISC processors or one or more CISC processors. That is, even though a singular term “a processor” is used herein to refer to processor2512and processor2522, each of processor2512and processor2522may include multiple processors in some implementations and a single processor in other implementations in accordance with the present disclosure. In another aspect, each of processor2512and processor2522may be implemented in the form of hardware (and, optionally, firmware) with electronic components including, for example and without limitation, one or more transistors, one or more diodes, one or more capacitors, one or more resistors, one or more inductors, one or more memristors and/or one or more varactors that are configured and arranged to achieve specific purposes in accordance with the present disclosure. In other words, in at least some implementations, each of processor2512and processor2522is a special-purpose machine specifically designed, arranged and configured to perform specific tasks including those pertaining to optimization of distributed RU tone plans for PAPR reduction in 6 GHz LPI systems in accordance with various implementations of the present disclosure. For instance, each of processor2512and processor2522may be configured with hardware components, or circuitry, implementing one, some or all of the examples described and illustrated herein.

In some implementations, apparatus2510may also include a transceiver2516coupled to processor2512. Transceiver2516may be capable of wirelessly transmitting and receiving data. In some implementations, apparatus2520may also include a transceiver2526coupled to processor2522. Transceiver2526may include a transceiver capable of wirelessly transmitting and receiving data.

In some implementations, apparatus2510may further include a memory2514coupled to processor2512and capable of being accessed by processor2512and storing data therein. In some implementations, apparatus2520may further include a memory2524coupled to processor2522and capable of being accessed by processor2522and storing data therein. Each of memory2514and memory2524may include a type of random-access memory (RAM) such as dynamic RAM (DRAM), static RAM (SRAM), thyristor RAM (T-RAM) and/or zero-capacitor RAM (Z-RAM). Alternatively, or additionally, each of memory2514and memory2524may include a type of read-only memory (ROM) such as mask ROM, programmable ROM (PROM), erasable programmable ROM (EPROM) and/or electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM). Alternatively, or additionally, each of memory2514and memory2524may include a type of non-volatile random-access memory (NVRAM) such as flash memory, solid-state memory, ferroelectric RAM (FeRAM), magnetoresistive RAM (MRAM) and/or phase-change memory.

Each of apparatus2510and apparatus2520may be a communication entity capable of communicating with each other using various proposed schemes in accordance with the present disclosure. For illustrative purposes and without limitation, a description of capabilities of apparatus2510, as communication entity110, and apparatus2520, as communication entity120, is provided below. It is noteworthy that, although the example implementations described below are provided in the context of WLAN, the same may be implemented in other types of networks. Thus, although the following description of example implementations pertains to a scenario in which apparatus2510functions as a transmitting device and apparatus2520functions as a receiving device, the same is also applicable to another scenario in which apparatus2510functions as a receiving device and apparatus2520functions as a transmitting device.

Under a proposed scheme in accordance with the present disclosure with respect to optimization of distributed RU tone plans for PAPR reduction in 6 GHz LPI systems, processor2512of apparatus2510may distribute a plurality of subcarriers of a RU over a bandwidth to generate a dRU or a dMRU. In distributing the plurality of subcarriers of the RU to generate the dRU or the dMRU, processor2512may distribute the plurality of subcarriers of the RU with a predefined span over each 20 MHz frequency segment or subblock in the bandwidth and with a gap of at least a minimum size around a center DC tone in a distribution pattern of the plurality of subcarriers to result in reduction in a PAPR in communicating with the communication entity. Moreover, processor2512may communicate, via transceiver2516, with a communication entity using the dRU or the dMRU.

In some implementations, the predefined span over each 20 MHz frequency segment or subblock in the bandwidth may include a span over 241 tones with a tone distribution range of [−120:−2, 2:120]. In such cases, the gap may include at least three DC tones around a center DC tone in the tone distribution range. Alternatively, the predefined span over each 20 MHz frequency segment or subblock in the bandwidth may include a span over 243 tones with a tone distribution range of [−121:−3, 3:121]. In such cases, the gap may include at least five DC tones around a center DC tone in the tone distribution range.

In some implementations, the gap may be multiple times of a dRU tone separation distance (Dtd). In such cases, for each 20 MHz frequency segment or subblock in the bandwidth, the gap may be expressed as n*Dtd, n=1, 2, 3 or 4.

In some implementations, the plurality of subcarriers of the RU may be distributed to generate a 26-tone, 52-tone or 106-tone dRU over a 20 MHz bandwidth. In such cases, data and pilot subcarrier indices of the 26-tone dRU over the 20 MHz bandwidth may include [−120:9:−12, 6:9:114] for a 26-tone dRU1, [−116:9:−8, 10:9:118] for a 26-tone dRU2, [−118:9:−10, 8:9:116] for a 26-tone dRU3, [−114:9:−6, 12:9:120] for a 26-tone dRU4, [−112:9:−4, 5:9:113] for a 26-tone dRU5, [−119:9:−11, 7:9:115] for a 26-tone dRU6, [−115:9:−7, 11:9:119] for a 26-tone dRU7, [−117:9:−9, 9:9:117] for a 26-tone dRU8 and [−113:9:−5, 4:9:112] for a 26-tone dRU9. Additionally, data and pilot subcarrier indices of the 52-tone dRU over the 20 MHz bandwidth may include 26-tone [dRU1, dRU2] for a 52-tone dRU1, 26-tone [dRU3, dRU4] for a 52-tone dRU2, 26-tone [dRU6, dRU7] for a 52-tone dRU3 and 26-tone [dRU8, dRU9] for a 52-tone dRU4. Moreover, data and pilot subcarrier indices of the 106-tone dRU over the 20 MHz bandwidth may include 26-tone [dRU1 dRU4], [−3, 3] for a 106-tone dRU1 and 26-tone [dRU6 dRU9], [−2, 2] for a 106-tone dRU2.

In some implementations, the plurality of subcarriers of the RU may be distributed to generate a 26-tone, 52-tone or 106-tone dRU over a 20 MHz bandwidth. In such cases, data and pilot subcarrier indices of the 26-tone dRU over the 20 MHz bandwidth may include [−121:9:−13, 5:9:113] for a 26-tone dRU1, [−117:9:−9, 9:9:117] for a 26-tone dRU2, [−119:9:−11, 7:9:115] for a 26-tone dRU3, [−115:9:−7, 11:9:119] for a 26-tone dRU4, [−113:9:−5, 13:9:121] for a 26-tone dRUS, [−120:9:−12, 6:9:114] for a 26-tone dRU6, [−116:9:−8, 10:9:118] for a 26-tone dRU7, [−118:9:−10, 8:9:116] for a 26-tone dRU8 and [−114:9:−6, 12:9:120] for a 26-tone dRU9. Additionally, data and pilot subcarrier indices of the 52-tone dRU over the 20 MHz bandwidth may include 26-tone [dRU1, dRU2] for a 52-tone dRU1, 26-tone [dRU3, dRU4] for a 52-tone dRU2, 26-tone [dRU6, dRU7] for a 52-tone dRU3 and 26-tone [dRU8, dRU9] for a 52-tone dRU4. Moreover, data and pilot subcarrier indices of the 106-tone dRU over the 20 MHz bandwidth may include 26-tone [dRU1 dRU4], [−4, 3] for a 106-tone dRU1 and 26-tone [dRU6 dRU9], [−3, 4] for a 106-tone dRU2.

In some implementations, the plurality of subcarriers of the RU may be distributed to generate a 26-tone, 52-tone, 106-tone or 242-tone dRU over a 40 MHz bandwidth. In such cases, data and pilot subcarrier indices of the 26-tone dRU over the 40 MHz bandwidth may include [−242:18:−26, 10:18:226] for a 26-tone dRU1, [−233:18:−17, 19:18:235] for a 26-tone dRU2, [−238:18:−22, 14:18:230] for a d26-tone RU3, [−229:18:−13, 23:18:239] for a 26-tone dRU4, [−225:18:−9, 27:18:243] for a 26-tone dRU5, [−240:18:−24, 12:18:228] for a 26-tone dRU6, [−231:18:−15, 21:18:237] for a 26-tone dRU7, [−236:18:−20, 16:18:232] for a 26-tone dRU8, [−227:18:−11, 25:18:241] for a 26-tone dRU9, [−241:18:−25, 11:18:227] for a 26-tone dRU10, [−232:18:−16, 20:18:236] for a 26-tone dRU11, [−237:18:−21, 15:18:231] for a 26-tone dRU12, [−228:18:−12, 24:18:240] for a 26-tone dRU13, [−234:18:−18, 18:18:234] for a 26-tone dRU14, [−239:18:−23, 13:18:229] for a 26-tone dRU15, [−230:18:−14, 22:18:238] for a 26-tone dRU16, [−235:18:−19, 17:18:233] for a 26-tone dRU17 and [−226:18:−10, 26:18:242] for a 26-tone dRU18, wherein data and pilot subcarrier indices of the 52-tone dRU over the 40 MHz bandwidth comprise [−242:9:−17, 10:9:235] for a 52-tone dRU1, [−238:9:−13, 14:9:239] for a 52-tone dRU2, [−240:9:−15, 12:9:237] for a 52-tone dRU3, [−236:9:−11, 16:9:241] for a 52-tone dRU4, [−241:9:−16, 11:9:236] for a 52-tone dRUS, [−237:9:−12, 15:9:240] for a 52-tone dRU6, [−239:9:−14, 13:9:238] for a 52-tone dRU7 and [−235:9:−10, 17:9:242] for a 52-tone dRU8, wherein data and pilot subcarrier indices of the 106-tone dRU over the 40 MHz bandwidth comprise 26-tone [dRU1-dRU4], [−8, 5] for a 106-tone dRU1, 26-tone [dRU6 dRU9], [−6, 7] for a 106-tone dRU2, 26-tone [dRU10 dRU13], [−7, 6] for a 106-tone dRU3 and 26-tone [dRU15-dRU18], [−5, 8] for a 106-tone dRU4, and wherein data and pilot subcarrier indices of the 242-tone dRU over the 40 MHz bandwidth comprise 106-tone [dRU1 dRU2], 26-tone dRUS and [−244, −4, 3, 9] for a 242-tone dRU1 and 106-tone [dRU3 dRU4], 26-tone dRU14 and [−243, −3, 4, 244] for a 242-tone dRU2.

In some implementations, the plurality of subcarriers of the RU may be distributed to generate a 52-tone, 106-tone, 242-tone or 484-tone dRU over an 80 MHz bandwidth. In such cases, data and pilot subcarrier indices of the 52-tone dRU over the 80 MHz bandwidth may include [−483:36:−51, 17:36:449], [−467:36:−35, 33:36:465] for a 52-tone dRU1, [−475:36:−43, 25:36:457], [−459:36:−27, 41:36:473] for a 52-tone dRU2, [−479:36:−47, 21:36:453], [−463:36:−31, 37:36:469] for a 52-tone dRU3, [−471:36:−39, 29:36:461], [−455:36:−23, 45:36:477] for a 52-tone dRU4, [−477:36:−45, 23:36:455], [−461:36:−29, 39:36:471] for a 52-tone dRU5, [−469:36:−37, 31:36:463], [−453:36:−21, 47:36:479] for a 52-tone dRU6, [−481:36:−49, 19:36:451], [−465:36:−33, 35:36:467] for a 52-tone dRU7, [−473:36:−41, 27:36:459], [−457:36:−25, 43:36:475] for a 52-tone dRU8, [−482:36:−50, 18:36:450], [−466:36:−34, 34:36:466] for a 52-tone dRU9, [−474:36:−42, 26:36:458], [−458:36:−26, 42:36:474] for a 52-tone dRU10, [−478:36:−46, 22:36:454], [−462:36:−30, 38:36:470] for a 52-tone dRU11, [−470:36:−38, 30:36:462], [−454:36:−22, 46:36:478] for a 52-tone dRU12, [−476:36:−44, 24:36:456], [−460:36:−28, 40:36:472] for a 52-tone dRU13, [−468:36:−36, 32:36:464], [−452:36:−20, 48:36:480] for a 52-tone dRU14, [−480:36:−48, 20:36:452], [−464:36:−32, 36:36:468] for a 52-tone dRU15 and [−472:36:−40, 28:36:460], [−456:36:−24, 44:36:476] for a 52-tone dRU16. Additionally, data and pilot subcarrier indices of the 106-tone dRU over the 80 MHz bandwidth may include 52-tone [dRU1 dRU2], [−495, 485] for a 106-tone dRU1, 52-tone [dRU3 dRU4], [−491, 489] for a 106-tone dRU2, 52-tone [dRUS dRU6], [−489, 491] for a 106-tone dRU3, 52-tone [dRU7 dRU8], [−493, 487] for a 106-tone dRU4, 52-tone [dRU9 dRU10], [−494, 486] for a 106-tone dRUS, 52-tone [dRU11 dRU12], [−490, 490] for a 106-tone dRU6, 52-tone [dRU13 dRU14], [−488, 492] for a 106-tone dRU7 and 52-tone [dRU15 dRU16], [−492, 488] for a 106-tone dRU8. Moreover, data and pilot subcarrier indices of the 242-tone dRU over the 80 MHz bandwidth may include [−499:4:−19, 17:4:497] for a 242-tone dRU1, [−497:4:−17, 19:4:499] for a 242-tone dRU2, [−498:4:−18, 18:4:498] for a 242-tone dRU3 and [−496:4:−16, 20:4:500] for a 242-tone dRU4. Furthermore, data and pilot subcarrier indices of the 484-tone dRU over the 80 MHz bandwidth may include [−499:2:−17, 17:2:499] for a 484-tone dRU1 and [−498:2:−16, 18:2:500] for a 484-tone dRU2.

In some implementations, in distributing the plurality of subcarriers of the RU over the bandwidth to generate the dRU or the dMRU, processor2512may generate the dMRU by combining a first dRU of a first size and a second dRU of a second size different from the first size. In some implementations, the dMRU may include: (i) a 78-tone dMRU built from one of the following: (a) one of three combinations of one 26-tone dRU and one 52-tone dRU on each 20 MHz frequency segment or subblock in an 80 MHz, 160 MHz or 320 MHz bandwidth; (b) one of six combinations of one 26-tone dRU and one 52-tone dRU on each 40 MHz frequency segment or subblock in the 80 MHz, 160 MHz or 320 MHz bandwidth; (c) one of eight combinations of one 26-tone dRU and one 52-tone dRU on each 80 MHz frequency subblock in the 80 MHz, 160 MHz or 320 MHz bandwidth; or (ii) a 132-tone dMRU built from one of the following: (a) one of two combinations of one 26-tone dRU and one 106-tone dRU on each 20 MHz frequency segment or subblock in an 80 MHz, 160 MHz or 320 MHz bandwidth; (b) one of four combinations of one 26-tone dRU and one 106-tone dRU on each 40 MHz frequency segment or subblock in the 80 MHz, 160 MHz or 320 MHz bandwidth; or (c) one of four combinations of one 26-tone dRU and one 106-tone dRU on each 80 MHz frequency subblock in the 80 MHz, 160 MHz or 320 MHz bandwidth. In some implementations, the dMRU may be generated from corresponding dRU subcarrier indices from a table of a plurality of dRU of different sizes (e.g., any of the tables shown in the various figures of the present disclosure).

Illustrative Processes

FIG.26illustrates an example process2600in accordance with an implementation of the present disclosure. Process2600may represent an aspect of implementing various proposed designs, concepts, schemes, systems and methods described above. More specifically, process2600may represent an aspect of the proposed concepts and schemes pertaining to optimization of distributed RU tone plans for PAPR reduction in 6 GHz LPI systems in accordance with the present disclosure. Process2600may include one or more operations, actions, or functions as illustrated by one or more of blocks2610and2620. Although illustrated as discrete blocks, various blocks of process2600may be divided into additional blocks, combined into fewer blocks, or eliminated, depending on the desired implementation. Moreover, the blocks/sub-blocks of process2600may be executed in the order shown inFIG.26or, alternatively in a different order. Furthermore, one or more of the blocks/sub-blocks of process2600may be executed repeatedly or iteratively. Process2600may be implemented by or in apparatus2510and apparatus2520as well as any variations thereof. Solely for illustrative purposes and without limiting the scope, process2600is described below in the context of apparatus2510as communication entity110(e.g., a transmitting device whether a STA or an AP) and apparatus2520as communication entity120(e.g., a receiving device whether a STA or an AP) of a wireless network such as a WLAN in accordance with one or more of IEEE 802.11 standards. Process2600may begin at block2610.

At2610, process2600may involve processor2512of apparatus2510distributing a plurality of subcarriers of a RU over a bandwidth to generate a dRU or a dMRU. In distributing the plurality of subcarriers of the RU to generate the dRU or the dMRU, process2600may involve processor2512distributing the plurality of subcarriers of the RU with a predefined span over each 20 MHz frequency segment or subblock in the bandwidth and with a gap of at least a minimum size around a center DC tone in a distribution pattern of the plurality of subcarriers to result in reduction in a PAPR in communicating with the communication entity. Process2600may proceed from2610to2620.

At2620, process2600may involve processor2512communicating, via transceiver2516, with a communication entity using the dRU or the dMRU.

In some implementations, the predefined span over each 20 MHz frequency segment or subblock in the bandwidth may include a span over 241 tones with a tone distribution range of [−120:−2, 2:120]. In such cases, the gap may include at least three DC tones around a center DC tone in the tone distribution range. Alternatively, the predefined span over each 20 MHz frequency segment or subblock in the bandwidth may include a span over 243 tones with a tone distribution range of [−121:−3, 3:121]. In such cases, the gap may include at least five DC tones around a center DC tone in the tone distribution range.

In some implementations, the gap may be multiple times of a dRU tone separation distance (Dtd). In such cases, for each 20 MHz frequency segment or subblock in the bandwidth, the gap may be expressed as n*Dtd, n=1, 2, 3 or 4.

In some implementations, the plurality of subcarriers of the RU may be distributed to generate a 26-tone, 52-tone or 106-tone dRU over a 20 MHz bandwidth. In such cases, data and pilot subcarrier indices of the 26-tone dRU over the 20 MHz bandwidth may include [−120:9:−12, 6:9:114] for a 26-tone dRU1, [−116:9:−8, 10:9:118] for a 26-tone dRU2, [−118:9:−10, 8:9:116] for a 26-tone dRU3, [−114:9:−6, 12:9:120] for a 26-tone dRU4, [−1_12:9:−4, 5:9:113] for a 26-tone dRU5, [−119:9:−11, 7:9:115] for a 26-tone dRU6, [−115:9:−7, 11:9:119] for a 26-tone dRU7, [−117:9:−9, 9:9:117] for a 26-tone dRU8 and [−113:9:−5, 4:9:112] for a 26-tone dRU9. Additionally, data and pilot subcarrier indices of the 52-tone dRU over the 20 MHz bandwidth may include 26-tone [dRU1, dRU2] for a 52-tone dRU1, 26-tone [dRU3, dRU4] for a 52-tone dRU2, 26-tone [dRU6, dRU7] for a 52-tone dRU3 and 26-tone [dRU8, dRU9] for a 52-tone dRU4. Moreover, data and pilot subcarrier indices of the 106-tone dRU over the 20 MHz bandwidth may include 26-tone [dRU1˜dRU4], [−3, 3] for a 106-tone dRU1 and 26-tone [dRU6 dRU9], [−2, 2] for a 106-tone dRU2.

In some implementations, the plurality of subcarriers of the RU may be distributed to generate a 26-tone, 52-tone or 106-tone dRU over a 20 MHz bandwidth. In such cases, data and pilot subcarrier indices of the 26-tone dRU over the 20 MHz bandwidth may include [−121:9:−13, 5:9:113] for a 26-tone dRU1, [−117:9:−9, 9:9:117] for a 26-tone dRU2, [−119:9:−11, 7:9:115] for a 26-tone dRU3, [−115:9:−7, 11:9:119] for a 26-tone dRU4, [−113:9:−5, 13:9:121] for a 26-tone dRU5, [−120:9:−12, 6:9:114] for a 26-tone dRU6, [−116:9:−8, 10:9:118] for a 26-tone dRU7, [−118:9:−10, 8:9:116] for a 26-tone dRU8 and [−114:9:−6, 12:9:120] for a 26-tone dRU9. Additionally, data and pilot subcarrier indices of the 52-tone dRU over the 20 MHz bandwidth may include 26-tone [dRU1, dRU2] for a 52-tone dRU1, 26-tone [dRU3, dRU4] for a 52-tone dRU2, 26-tone [dRU6, dRU7] for a 52-tone dRU3 and 26-tone [dRU8, dRU9] for a 52-tone dRU4. Moreover, data and pilot subcarrier indices of the 106-tone dRU over the 20 MHz bandwidth may include 26-tone [dRU1 dRU4], [−4, 3] for a 106-tone dRU1 and 26-tone [dRU6 dRU9], [−3, 4] for a 106-tone dRU2.

In some implementations, the plurality of subcarriers of the RU may be distributed to generate a 26-tone, 52-tone, 106-tone or 242-tone dRU over a 40 MHz bandwidth. In such cases, data and pilot subcarrier indices of the 26-tone dRU over the 40 MHz bandwidth may include [−242:18:−26, 10:18:226] for a 26-tone dRU1, [−233:18:−17, 19:18:235] for a 26-tone dRU2, [−238:18:−22, 14:18:230] for a d26-tone RU3, [−229:18:−13, 23:18:239] for a 26-tone dRU4, [−225:18:−9, 27:18:243] for a 26-tone dRU5, [−240:18:−24, 12:18:228] for a 26-tone dRU6, [−231:18:−15, 21:18:237] for a 26-tone dRU7, [−236:18:−20, 16:18:232] for a 26-tone dRU8, [−227:18:−11, 25:18:241] for a 26-tone dRU9, [−241:18:−25, 11:18:227] for a 26-tone dRU10, [−232:18:−16, 20:18:236] for a 26-tone dRU11, [−237:18:−21, 15:18:231] for a 26-tone dRU12, [−228:18:−12, 24:18:240] for a 26-tone dRU13, [−234:18:−18, 18:18:234] for a 26-tone dRU14, [−239:18:−23, 13:18:229] for a 26-tone dRU15, [−230:18:−14, 22:18:238] for a 26-tone dRU16, [−235:18:−19, 17:18:233] for a 26-tone dRU17 and [−226:18:−10, 26:18:242] for a 26-tone dRU18, wherein data and pilot subcarrier indices of the 52-tone dRU over the 40 MHz bandwidth comprise [−242:9:−17, 10:9:235] for a 52-tone dRU1, [−238:9:−13, 14:9:239] for a 52-tone dRU2, [−240:9:−15, 12:9:237] for a 52-tone dRU3, [−236:9:−11, 16:9:241] for a 52-tone dRU4, [−241:9:−16, 11:9:236] for a 52-tone dRUS, [−237:9:−12, 15:9:240] for a 52-tone dRU6, [−239:9:−14, 13:9:238] for a 52-tone dRU7 and [−235:9:−10, 17:9:242] for a 52-tone dRU8, wherein data and pilot subcarrier indices of the 106-tone dRU over the 40 MHz bandwidth comprise 26-tone [dRU1-dRU4], [−8, 5] for a 106-tone dRU1, 26-tone [dRU6 dRU9], [−6, 7] for a 106-tone dRU2, 26-tone [dRU10 dRU13], [−7, 6] for a 106-tone dRU3 and 26-tone [dRU15-dRU18], [−5, 8] for a 106-tone dRU4, and wherein data and pilot subcarrier indices of the 242-tone dRU over the 40 MHz bandwidth comprise 106-tone [dRU1 dRU2], 26-tone dRUS and [−244, −4, 3, 9] for a 242-tone dRU1 and 106-tone [dRU3 dRU4], 26-tone dRU14 and [−243, −3, 4, 244] for a 242-tone dRU2.

In some implementations, the plurality of subcarriers of the RU may be distributed to generate a 52-tone, 106-tone, 242-tone or 484-tone dRU over an 80 MHz bandwidth. In such cases, data and pilot subcarrier indices of the 52-tone dRU over the 80 MHz bandwidth may include [−483:36:−51, 17:36:449], [−467:36:−35, 33:36:465] for a 52-tone dRU1, [−475:36:−43, 25:36:457], [−459:36:−27, 41:36:473] for a 52-tone dRU2, [−479:36:−47, 21:36:453], [−463:36:−31, 37:36:469] for a 52-tone dRU3, [−471:36:−39, 29:36:461], [−455:36:−23, 45:36:477] for a 52-tone dRU4, [−477:36:−45, 23:36:455], [−461:36:−29, 39:36:471] for a 52-tone dRUS, [−469:36:−37, 31:36:463], [−453:36:−21, 47:36:479] for a 52-tone dRU6, [−481:36:−49, 19:36:451], [−465:36:−33, 35:36:467] for a 52-tone dRU7, [−473:36:−41, 27:36:459], [−457:36:−25, 43:36:475] for a 52-tone dRU8, [−482:36:−50, 18:36:450], [−466:36:−34, 34:36:466] for a 52-tone dRU9, [−474:36:−42, 26:36:458], [−458:36:−26, 42:36:474] for a 52-tone dRU10, [−478:36:−46, 22:36:454], [−462:36:−30, 38:36:470] for a 52-tone dRU11, [−470:36:−38, 30:36:462], [−454:36:−22, 46:36:478] for a 52-tone dRU12, [−476:36:−44, 24:36:456], [−460:36:−28, 40:36:472] for a 52-tone dRU13, [−468:36:−36, 32:36:464], [−452:36:−20, 48:36:480] for a 52-tone dRU14, [−480:36:−48, 20:36:452], [−464:36:−32, 36:36:468] for a 52-tone dRU15 and [−472:36:−40, 28:36:460], [−456:36:−24, 44:36:476] for a 52-tone dRU16. Additionally, data and pilot subcarrier indices of the 106-tone dRU over the 80 MHz bandwidth may include 52-tone [dRU1 dRU2], [−495, 485] for a 106-tone dRU1, 52-tone [dRU3 dRU4], [−491, 489] for a 106-tone dRU2, 52-tone [dRUS dRU6], [−489, 491] for a 106-tone dRU3, 52-tone [dRU7 dRU8], [−493, 487] for a 106-tone dRU4, 52-tone [dRU9 dRU10], [−494, 486] for a 106-tone dRUS, 52-tone [dRU11 dRU12], [−490, 490] for a 106-tone dRU6, 52-tone [dRU13 dRU14], [−488, 492] for a 106-tone dRU7 and 52-tone [dRU15 dRU16], [−492, 488] for a 106-tone dRU8. Moreover, data and pilot subcarrier indices of the 242-tone dRU over the 80 MHz bandwidth may include [−499:4:−19, 17:4:497] for a 242-tone dRU1, [−497:4:−17, 19:4:499] for a 242-tone dRU2, [−498:4:−18, 18:4:498] for a 242-tone dRU3 and [−496:4:−16, 20:4:500] for a 242-tone dRU4. Furthermore, data and pilot subcarrier indices of the 484-tone dRU over the 80 MHz bandwidth may include [−499:2:−17, 17:2:499] for a 484-tone dRU1 and [−498:2:−16, 18:2:500] for a 484-tone dRU2.

In some implementations, in distributing the plurality of subcarriers of the RU over the bandwidth to generate the dRU or the dMRU, process2600may involve processor2512generating the dMRU by combining a first dRU of a first size and a second dRU of a second size different from the first size. In some implementations, the dMRU may include: (i) a 78-tone dMRU built from one of the following: (a) one of three combinations of one 26-tone dRU and one 52-tone dRU on each 20 MHz frequency segment or subblock in an 80 MHz, 160 MHz or 320 MHz bandwidth; (b) one of six combinations of one 26-tone dRU and one 52-tone dRU on each 40 MHz frequency segment or subblock in the 80 MHz, 160 MHz or 320 MHz bandwidth; (c) one of eight combinations of one 26-tone dRU and one 52-tone dRU on each 80 MHz frequency subblock in the 80 MHz, 160 MHz or 320 MHz bandwidth; or (ii) a 132-tone dMRU built from one of the following: (a) one of two combinations of one 26-tone dRU and one 106-tone dRU on each 20 MHz frequency segment or subblock in an 80 MHz, 160 MHz or 320 MHz bandwidth; (b) one of four combinations of one 26-tone dRU and one 106-tone dRU on each 40 MHz frequency segment or subblock in the 80 MHz, 160 MHz or 320 MHz bandwidth; or (c) one of four combinations of one 26-tone dRU and one 106-tone dRU on each 80 MHz frequency subblock in the 80 MHz, 160 MHz or 320 MHz bandwidth. In some implementations, the dMRU may be generated from corresponding dRU subcarrier indices from a table of a plurality of dRU of different sizes (e.g., any of the tables shown in the various figures of the present disclosure).

Additional Notes

The herein-described subject matter sometimes illustrates different components contained within, or connected with, different other components. It is to be understood that such depicted architectures are merely examples, and that in fact many other architectures can be implemented which achieve the same functionality. In a conceptual sense, any arrangement of components to achieve the same functionality is effectively “associated” such that the desired functionality is achieved. Hence, any two components herein combined to achieve a particular functionality can be seen as “associated with” each other such that the desired functionality is achieved, irrespective of architectures or intermedial components. Likewise, any two components so associated can also be viewed as being “operably connected”, or “operably coupled”, to each other to achieve the desired functionality, and any two components capable of being so associated can also be viewed as being “operably couplable”, to each other to achieve the desired functionality. Specific examples of operably couplable include but are not limited to physically mateable and/or physically interacting components and/or wirelessly interactable and/or wirelessly interacting components and/or logically interacting and/or logically interactable components.

Further, with respect to the use of substantially any plural and/or singular terms herein, those having skill in the art can translate from the plural to the singular and/or from the singular to the plural as is appropriate to the context and/or application. The various singular/plural permutations may be expressly set forth herein for sake of clarity.

Moreover, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that, in general, terms used herein, and especially in the appended claims, e.g., bodies of the appended claims, are generally intended as “open” terms, e.g., the term “including” should be interpreted as “including but not limited to,” the term “having” should be interpreted as “having at least,” the term “includes” should be interpreted as “includes but is not limited to,” etc. It will be further understood by those within the art that if a specific number of an introduced claim recitation is intended, such an intent will be explicitly recited in the claim, and in the absence of such recitation no such intent is present. For example, as an aid to understanding, the following appended claims may contain usage of the introductory phrases “at least one” and “one or more” to introduce claim recitations. However, the use of such phrases should not be construed to imply that the introduction of a claim recitation by the indefinite articles “a” or “an” limits any particular claim containing such introduced claim recitation to implementations containing only one such recitation, even when the same claim includes the introductory phrases “one or more” or “at least one” and indefinite articles such as “a” or “an,” e.g., “a” and/or “an” should be interpreted to mean “at least one” or “one or more;” the same holds true for the use of definite articles used to introduce claim recitations. In addition, even if a specific number of an introduced claim recitation is explicitly recited, those skilled in the art will recognize that such recitation should be interpreted to mean at least the recited number, e.g., the bare recitation of “two recitations,” without other modifiers, means at least two recitations, or two or more recitations. Furthermore, in those instances where a convention analogous to “at least one of A, B, and C, etc.” is used, in general such a construction is intended in the sense one having skill in the art would understand the convention, e.g., “a system having at least one of A, B, and C” would include but not be limited to systems that have A alone, B alone, C alone, A and B together, A and C together, B and C together, and/or A, B, and C together, etc. In those instances where a convention analogous to “at least one of A, B, or C, etc.” is used, in general such a construction is intended in the sense one having skill in the art would understand the convention, e.g., “a system having at least one of A, B, or C” would include but not be limited to systems that have A alone, B alone, C alone, A and B together, A and C together, B and C together, and/or A, B, and C together, etc. It will be further understood by those within the art that virtually any disjunctive word and/or phrase presenting two or more alternative terms, whether in the description, claims, or drawings, should be understood to contemplate the possibilities of including one of the terms, either of the terms, or both terms. For example, the phrase “A or B” will be understood to include the possibilities of “A” or “B” or “A and B.”

From the foregoing, it will be appreciated that various implementations of the present disclosure have been described herein for purposes of illustration, and that various modifications may be made without departing from the scope and spirit of the present disclosure. Accordingly, the various implementations disclosed herein are not intended to be limiting, with the true scope and spirit being indicated by the following claims.