Patent ID: 12203374

REFERENCE NUMBERS IN THE DRAWINGS

1—floor,2—lower coal seam,201—first working face lower roadway,202—first working face,203—first working face upper roadway,204—coal pillar,205—second working face lower roadway,206—second working face,207—first working face open—off cut,3—mining area main roadway,4—roof,5—upper coal seam,501—third working face lower roadway,502—third working face,503—third working face upper roadway,504—first crossheading,505—second crossheading,506—third working face open—off cut,6—roof stress monitoring station,7—coal pillar comprehensive monitoring station,701—coal pillar stress monitoring station,702—coal pillar internal horizontal displacement monitoring station,703—coal pillar internal vertical deformation monitoring station,8—roof abscission layer monitoring station,9—overburden strata movement trajectory monitoring station,10—top monitoring station.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

The present invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and preferred embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto. In addition, it should be understood that after reading the content described in the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to the present invention, and these equivalent technical means also fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

In the present invention, the terms “first,” “second,” and “third” are merely for the purpose of description, but cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if orientation or position relations indicated by the terms such as “upper,” “lower,” “left,” “right,” “front,” “back,” and the like are based on the orientation or position relations shown in the drawings, and the terms are intended only to facilitate the description of the present invention and simplify the description, rather than indicating or implying that the apparatus or element referred to must have a particular orientation and be constructed and operated in the particular orientation, and therefore cannot be construed as a limitation on the present invention.

The present disclosure provides a system for monitoring the movement of overburden strata structure and the deformation of coal pillar in gob-side entry. The system utilizes various monitoring stations to continuously monitor the coal pillar and overburden strata structure movement on the goaf side during the mining of the working face, the excavation or mining of adjacent gob-side entry of the working face to obtain the stress and deformation distribution of the coal pillar and the movement and failure laws of overlying roof rock structure at different mining stages.

Please refer toFIG.1-FIG.8. In this embodiment, the system for monitoring overlying roof rock and coal pillar of gob-side entry includes top monitoring stations10, coal pillar comprehensive monitoring stations7, roof stress monitoring stations6, and a master computer.

In the process of coal mining, the coal mine can be divided into the mining of an upper coal seam5and the mining of a lower coal seam2. The lower coal seam2is located below the upper coal seam5, and the lower coal seam2is located above the floor1. In the system, the first working face202is arranged on the lower coal seam2, and the first working face upper roadway203and the first working face lower roadway201are arranged on both sides of the first working face. The coal pillar204is arranged on the first working face upper roadway203. A second working face206is arranged on one side of the first working face upper roadway203in the lower coal seam2, and the coal pillar204is located between the first working face upper roadway203and the second working face lower roadway205.

The third working face502is arranged on the upper coal seam5, and the excavation of the third working face upper roadway503and the third working face lower roadway501of the upper coal seam5is completed before mining the first working face202of the lower coal seam2. After setting the distance for excavation, a plurality of crossheadings are arranged along the direction perpendicular (or inclined) to the third working face upper roadway503of the upper coal seam5. (in the system, taking two crossheadings as an example, the first crossheading504and the second crossheading505are arranged).

In the system, the third working face upper roadway503of the upper coal seam5is located diagonally above the first working face upper roadway203of the lower coal seam2, and the length of the third working face502of the upper coal seam5is smaller than the length of the first working face202of the lower coal seam2.

A third working face open-off cut506is arranged at a set distance on the upper coal seam5, and mining is started from the third working face open-off cut506of the third working face502. The first working face open-off cut207is arranged at a set distance on the lower coal seam2, and mining is started from the first working face open-off cut207of the first working face202.

In the system, a plurality of coal pillar comprehensive monitoring stations7are arranged on the coal pillar204to monitor the stress distribution pattern and evolution data, horizontal displacement and compression deformation data of the coal pillar204, so as to determine the range of plastic zone, the position of elastic core zone, and the internal crack positions and expansion evolution law in the coal pillar204.

A plurality of top monitoring stations10are arranged on the floor of the crossheading. The top monitoring station is used to monitor the movement and fracture data of the overburden strata in the goaf of the first working face202, so as to determine the position of the fracture layer, the length of the fracture block, and the range of the three-zones (caving zone, fractured zone, and sagging subsidence zone) of the overburden strata; the top monitoring station is used to monitor the movement trajectory of the overburden strata to determine the rotation angle and rotational speed of each rock stratum after fracture, and further determine the loading mode of overburden strata structure movement on coal pillar.

A plurality of roof stress monitoring stations6are arranged on the roof4of the first working face upper roadway203of the mining area main roadway3. The roof stress monitoring station6is used to monitor the stress distribution and evolution data of the roof4, so as to determine the loading mode of overburden strata structure movement on the coal pillar.

In the system, the master computer is respectively connected to the control terminals of the top monitoring stations10, the coal pillar comprehensive monitoring stations, and the roof stress monitoring stations6through signal cables. During the mining of the first working face202, the top monitoring stations10, the coal pillar comprehensive monitoring stations7, and the roof stress monitoring stations6continuously monitor the overburden strata and the coal pillar of the roof4in the goaf of the first working face202.

In the system, a plurality of top monitoring stations10are arranged at the bottoms of the first crossheading504and the second crossheading505. The top monitoring station includes a roof abscission layer monitoring station8and an overburden strata movement trajectory monitoring station9.

A plurality of roof abscission layer monitoring stations8are arranged on the floors of the first crossheading504and the second crossheading505. Each roof abscission layer monitoring station8is provided with a multi-point displacement meter. The installation borehole of the multi-point displacement meter is drilled from the floors of both the first crossheading504and the second crossheading505towards the first working face202, and the depth of borehole reaches the immediate roof of the first working face202. The first base point anchor of the multi-point displacement meter is installed in the immediate roof strata of the first working face202, so that the sensor of the multi-point displacement meter is located in the immediate roof strata of the first working face202.

A plurality of overburden strata movement trajectory monitoring stations9are arranged at the bottom of the first crossheading504and the second crossheading505. Each overburden strata movement trajectory monitoring station9is provided with a shape acceleration array. The installation borehole of the shape acceleration array is drilled from the floor of both the first crossheading504and the second crossheading505towards the coal pillar204between the first working faces202and the second working faces206. The depth of the borehole should reach the immediate roof strata of the first working face202. The first section of the shape acceleration array of the roof abscission layer monitoring station8is installed in the immediate roof strata of the first working face202, so that the sensor of the shape acceleration array is located in the immediate roof strata of the first working face202.

A plurality of coal pillar comprehensive monitoring stations7are arranged on the coal pillar204of the first working face upper roadway203, and the coal pillar comprehensive monitoring stations7are arranged at intervals along the coal pillar204. In the system, the coal pillar comprehensive monitoring station7includes a coal pillar stress monitoring station701, a coal pillar internal horizontal displacement monitoring station702and a coal pillar internal vertical deformation monitoring station703.

A plurality of coal pillar stress monitoring stations701are arranged on the coal pillar204. Each coal pillar stress monitoring station701is provided with an one-hole multi-point borehole stressmeter. The installation hole of each one-hole multi-point borehole stressmeter is arranged inside the coal pillar204, and the depth of the installation hole should be smaller than the width of the coal pillar204, so that the sensor of the one-hole multi-point borehole stressmeter is located inside the coal pillar204.

A plurality of coal pillar internal horizontal displacement monitoring stations702are arranged on the coal pillar204. Each coal pillar internal horizontal displacement monitoring station702is provided with a multi-point displacement meter. The installation hole of each multi-point displacement meter is arranged inside the coal pillar204, and the depth of the installation hole should be less than the width of the coal pillar204, so that the sensor of the multi-point displacement meter is located inside the coal pillar204.

A plurality of coal pillar internal vertical deformation monitoring stations703are arranged on the coal pillar204. Each coal pillar internal vertical deformation monitoring station703is provided with a shape acceleration array. The installation hole of each shape acceleration array is arranged inside the coal pillar204, and the depth of the installation hole should be less than the width of the coal pillar204, so that the sensor of the shape acceleration array is located inside the coal pillar204.

A plurality of roof stress monitoring stations6are arranged at the roof4of the coal pillar204between the first working face202and the second working face206in the mining area main roadway3. In the system, each roof stress monitoring station6is provided with an one-hole multi-point borehole stressmeter. The installation hole of the one-hole multi-point borehole stressmeter is drilled from the mining area main roadway3to the roof4of the lower coal seam above the coal pillar204. After the installation hole is drilled to the main roof, a plurality of one-hole multi-point borehole stressmeters are arranged in parallel to the direction of the arrangement of the coal pillar204.

In the system, first, the mining of the first working face202is carried out, followed by the excavation of the second working face206(excavation of second working face lower roadway205), finally, the mining of the second working face206is carried out. The above stations can continuously monitor the stress and deformation distribution of coal pillar and the movement and failure process of the overburden strata structure of the roof4in the goaf (on the goaf side of the gob-side entry) of the first working face202during the mining of the first working face202, the excavation of the second working face206, or the mining of the second working face206.

On the basis of the above-mentioned system for monitoring overlying roof rock and coal pillar of gob-side entry, the present disclosure further provides a method for monitoring overlying roof rock and coal pillar in gob-side entry. The steps of the method are as follows:Step 1: a roof abscission layer monitoring station8and an overburden strata movement trajectory monitoring station9are arranged on the floor of the crossheading, a coal pillar stress monitoring station701, a coal pillar internal horizontal displacement monitoring station702, a coal pillar internal vertical deformation monitoring station703are arranged inside the coal pillar204, and a roof stress monitoring station6is arranged at the roof4of the coal pillar204between the first working face202and the second working face206, wherein the master computer controls the roof abscission layer monitoring station8, the overburden strata movement trajectory monitoring station9, the coal pillar stress monitoring station701, the coal pillar internal horizontal displacement monitoring station702, the coal pillar internal vertical deformation monitoring station703, and the roof stress monitoring station6to be in monitoring mode;Step 2: during the mining period of the first working face202, the roof abscission layer monitoring station8continuously monitors the movement and fracture data of the overburden strata in the goaf of the first working face202, so as to determine the fracture layer, the length of the fracture block, and the range of the three-zones (caving zone, fractured zone, and sagging subsidence zone) of the overburden strata;The overburden strata movement trajectory monitoring station9continuously monitors the movement trajectory of the overburden strata in the goaf of the first working face, so as to determine the rotation angle and rotational speed of each rock stratum after fracture, and further determine the loading mode of the overburden strata structure movement on the coal pillar204;The pillar internal horizontal displacement monitoring station701monitors the stress distribution pattern and evolution data of the coal pillar204, and determines the range of plastic zone and the position of elastic core zone;The coal pillar internal horizontal displacement monitoring station702monitors the horizontal displacement of the coal pillars204at different positions, so as to determine the positions and expansion evolution law of internal fractures in the coal pillar204;The coal pillar internal vertical deformation monitoring station703monitors the compression deformation of the coal pillar at different positions, and determines the range of plastic zone and the position of elastic core zone of the coal pillar204in combination of the data of the coal pillar stress monitoring station701;The roof stress monitoring station6monitors the stress distribution and evolution data of the roof4, and determines the loading mode of the overburden structure movement on the coal pillar204in combination of the data from the overburden movement trajectory monitoring station;Step 3: after the mining of the first working face202is completed, the excavation of the second working face206is carried out; during the excavation period of the second working face206, the roof abscission layer monitoring station8continuously monitors the movement and fracture data of the overburden strata in the goaf of the first working face202, so as to determine the fracture layer, the length of the fracture block, and the range of the three-zones (caving zone zone, fractured zone, and sagging subsidence zone) of the overburden strata;The overburden strata movement trajectory monitoring station9continuously monitors the movement trajectory of the overburden strata in the goaf of the first working face202, so as to determine the rotation angle and rotational speed of each rock stratum after fracture, and further determine the loading mode of the overburden strata structure movement on the coal pillar204;The coal pillar stress monitoring station701monitors the stress distribution pattern and evolution data of the coal pillar204, and determines the range of plastic zone and the position of elastic core zone;The coal pillar internal horizontal displacement monitoring station702monitors the horizontal displacement of the coal pillar204at different positions, so as to determine the positions and expansion evolution law of internal fractures in the coal pillar204;The coal pillar internal vertical deformation monitoring station703monitors the compression deformation of the coal pillar204at different positions, and determines the range of plastic zone and the position of elastic core zone of the coal pillar204in combination of the data of the coal pillar stress monitoring station701;The roof stress monitoring station6monitors the stress distribution and evolution data of the roof4, and determines the loading mode of the overburden structure movement on the coal pillar204in combination of the data from the overburden movement trajectory monitoring station;Step 4: after the excavation of the second working face206is completed, the mining of the second working face206is carried out; during the mining period of the second working face206, the roof abscission layer monitoring station8continuously monitors the movement and fracture data of the overburden strata in the goaf of the first working face202, so as to determine the fracture layer, the length of the fracture block, and the range of the three-zones (caving zone, fractured zone, and sagging subsidence zone) of the overburden strata, and to monitor the advance influence range of the overburden strata movement in the goaf of the first working face202during the mining period of the second working face206;The overburden strata movement trajectory monitoring station9continuously monitors the movement trajectory of the overburden strata in the goaf of the first working face202, so as to determine the rotation angle and rotational speed of each rock stratum after fracture, and further determine the loading mode of the overburden strata structure movement on the coal pillar204;The coal pillar stress monitoring station701monitors the stress distribution pattern and evolution data of the coal pillar204, and determines the range of plastic zone and the position of elastic core zone;The coal pillar internal horizontal displacement monitoring station702monitors the horizontal displacement of the coal pillar204at different positions, so as to determine the positions and expansion evolution law of internal fractures in the coal pillar204;The coal pillar internal vertical deformation monitoring station703monitors the compression deformation of the coal pillar204at different positions, and determines the range of plastic zone and the position of elastic core zone of the coal pillar204in combination of the data of the coal pillar stress monitoring station701;The roof stress monitoring station6monitors the stress distribution and evolution data of the roof4, and determines the loading mode of the overburden structure movement on the coal pillar204in combination of the data from the overburden movement trajectory monitoring station;Step 5: based on the data collected from the roof abscission layer monitoring station8, the overburden strata movement trajectory monitoring station9, the coal pillar stress monitoring station701, the coal pillar internal horizontal displacement monitoring station702, the coal pillar internal vertical deformation monitoring station703, and the roof stress monitoring station6during the first working face202mining period, the second working face206excavation period, and the second working face206mining period, draw the stress distribution curve, the stress deformation evolution curve and the overburden strata movement trajectory of coal pillar204at different positions during different working periods, to further determine the influence of the overburden strata movement in the goaf of the first working face202on the stress and deformation distribution of the coal pillar204, and the failure process and failure law of the overburden strata structure movement.

Certainly, the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present disclosure. The present disclosure is not limited to the above embodiments listed. It should be noted that, all equivalent replacements and obvious variations made by any person skilled in the art under the teaching of the specification fall within the essential scope of the specification and shall be protected by the present disclosure.