Patent ID: 12252866

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Referring generally to the figures, an electrically powered skid steer or lift/loader is shown that uses a control system and four independent electric motors to achieve a variety of different steering and/or traction control modes. The electric lift includes a chassis having front and rear generally parallel ends and sides which are parallel and offset from each other and extend between the ends. The ends and sides are generally perpendicular. The electric lift loader includes four independent drive motors coupled to each wheel (or track) that controls traction and powers each wheel independently. The motors and wheels or tracks are supported at respective sides of the chassis to support and propel the loader upon the surface upon which the loader is located. For example, each wheel has its own independently controlled electric motor that is coupled to the wheel through a gear box (e.g., a planetary reducing gear system). Conventional skid steers include a chain drive that ties both of the wheels on a side of the unit together. In contrast, the electric skid steer independently controls and maps a variety of different steering, drive, and traction modes by independently controlling each of the four wheels with a processor and/or controller. This configuration provides 1, 2, 3, or 4 wheel drive based on user input and/or selection and enables, for example, powering only the rear wheels for efficiency when traction is not scarce or when the loader elevates the front wheels. In addition, steering can power different sets of wheels than forward and rearward directions. For example, one front wheel and one rear wheel could be driven (powered) independently to reduce slipping on turf to reduce turf damage.

In another embodiment, a battery panel (rack) or pack is assembled in a vertical direction to store battery cells, e.g., 12 or more. A pivoting battery panel is installed into a frame of the electric loader to pivot the entire battery panel down (e.g., horizontally). Pivoting the battery box down about a horizontal axis relative to the loader operating surface (horizontally) permits an operator access to an internal cavity of the cab at the rear of the electric loader. In addition, the vertical orientation of the locked and operational battery panel increases the counter-weighting (ballast) of the lifting loader to offset any load applied, e.g., to a loading bucket or lift arm.

Applicant has found that these advantages result in reduced damage to the ground (e.g., turf) and improved tire performance/lifecycle through reduction in skidding and dragging on asphalt, turn, mud, etc. Additional maneuverability is also available, since each electric motor can be independently powered, a user can change or alter the center point of rotation of the machine based on the type/mode of steering. Traction is also improved when the system independently monitors each wheel for slip. Applicant has found that the efficiency of the electric loader is enhanced by delivering powers only to wheels on demand, such that power is consolidated and only used at the times and locations it is needed, to improve the efficiency and battery life of the electric loader system. Similar electric motors drive conventional hydraulic systems to control lift arms, accessories, and other attachments.

FIGS.1and2are side perspective views of an electric loader10.FIGS.3and4are front and back perspective views of electric loader10. As shown inFIGS.1-5, electric loader10has an external drive such as tracks12(FIG.5) or wheels14that can be individually powered by an electric motor16. In some embodiments, a plurality of electric motors16may be coupled or chained to operate in the same function, for example, two electric motors16turn at equal RPM to drive a track12. In other embodiments, each electric motor16is driven independently. In this configuration, electric loader10can use a central processor to control each wheel14. In some embodiments, a back access panel or backdoor20protects a power supply or battery panel22housing individual battery cells24. Placing battery panel22in a rear part of electric loader10serves as a counterweight or ballast for a loading arm or loader arm26and/or bucket used to lift and/or move a load.

In some embodiments, the processor is coupled to each electric motor16and/or wheel14independently to enhance the operation and efficiency of electric loader10and/or reduce slip. For example, the processor allows an operator to select from a variety of drive modes. Each drive mode is selected independent of wheel14and/or tread28. Specifically, an operator selects from traction control drive modes; such as rock, four-wheel, locked front or rear differential, snow, lawn, concrete, low tire wear, speed, and/or slope. User selection of appropriate drive modes enhances the user experience. For example, a drive mode that reduces slip on a lawn prevents wheels14from spinning and tearing up grass in the environment.

Similarly, independent control of each wheel14enhances electric loader10operation in snow, mud, ice, and other slip environments. The processor may be used to manually control electric motor16on each wheel14to reduce slip and improve traction in these environments. For example, electric loader10has lower tire wear to prolong tread28or may have a concrete mode for efficient non-slip operation on level paved surfaces.

The processor may include various sensors30to detect slipping at each wheel14. In some embodiments, when signals from sensor30detect slipping the processor can reduce power to an affected wheel14(e.g., independently of the power delivered to other wheels14) to reduce and/or eliminate the slip. Similar learning processes may be used to program the processor. For example, repeated passes over a sloped environment traditionally require an operator to countersteer against the slope to drive in a straight line. Similarly, wind, and unbalanced load, and/or other environmental effects may require an operator to countersteer to drive a conventional loader. In some embodiments, sensors30can detect wind, unbalanced loads, and/or slope changes while operating electric loader10and compensate the power delivered to each wheel14to reduce or eliminate the required operator input. In other words, an operator can drive straight (e.g., without any offset) along a base of a hill or other slope. Similarly, a load sensor30on a bucket of electric loader10can detect an unbalanced load, and the processor can automatically scale power to electric motors16coupled directed to each wheel14to offset and/or eliminate the environmental pressures. As noted above, in various embodiments, The processor can use sensors to automate control of each wheel14independently and/or receive user input to control traction of each wheel14.

Electric loader10can be a skid steer, track skid, telehandler, lift, forklift, or another loader with lift or loader arm26. In some embodiments, electric loader10has two tracks12each driven independently by one or more electric motors16. In other embodiments, electric loader10has an electric motor16for each wheel14, for example, four electric motors16drive four wheels14independently. In some embodiments, an additional or auxiliary electrical motor16apowers a hydraulic lift and/or auxiliary units coupled to a hydraulic or mechanical accessory unit. In some embodiments, an auxiliary attachment connects directly to auxiliary electric motor16a. As shown inFIG.5, in some embodiments, electric loader10is driven by tracks12.

FIG.6shows an electric wheel assembly32that has a wheel14with a tread28, a fixed hub34, an electric motor16, a gear reducer36, and an internal or rotating hub38of wheel14. In a preferred embodiment, gear reducer36is an elliptical or planetary gear set wheel end. In this preferred embodiment, such a wheel end would have a torque multiplier in the range of 60 to 100, but the torque multiplier would be selected based upon motor torque and power, desired loader speed range, and desired loader tractive effort.

Electric wheel assembly32receives electric motor16within wheel14. In other words, electric wheel assembly32includes a motor16directly coupled to a gear reducer36directly coupled to a wheel14. In this configuration, electric wheel assembly32is individually controlled (e.g., by a central the processor) to independently control the rotation of each wheel14on electric loader10. As described above, individual control of electric motors16improves traction at each wheel14. Additionally, the system enhances operator control of traction modes, e.g., automatically through a feedback loop between sensor30, local controller40, the processor, and electric motor16and/or through operator inputs related to the working environment. In some embodiments, local controller40is the processor.

In various embodiments, gear reducer36replaces a conventional chain-case42to transform the output of electric motor16to control the torque and/or speed at wheel14. For example, gear reducer36is a planetary gear reduction inside a rotating hub38of wheel14. In various embodiments, gear reducer36may have between 150:1 to 40:1 torque reduction, specifically, between 110:1 to 50:1, specifically between 100:1 and 60:1 and, more specifically, between 80:1 and 60:1. In various embodiments, each battery cell supplies a 48V to 72V potential charge and is recharged with a 120V to 220V charge. For example, a 48V potential with 100A current at each wheel14provides for a 4.8 kW of electric power for electric motor16at each wheel14. In various embodiments, at least 4.0 kW of electric power for the electric motor16is provided for at each wheel14, specifically, at least 6.0 kW, and more specifically at least 8.0 kW. In a specific embodiment, at least 10 kW of electric power is provided to each electric motor16independently coupled to each wheel14.

Independent control of electric motors16at each wheel14enhances steering and other benefits. Specifically, independent control of wheels14enables side shifted wheels14on a forklift or other electric loader10. In some embodiments, electric loader10is equipped with a 3-Dimensional or spherical drive wheel14to facilitate motion in any direction.

FIG.7is a top view of the electric wheel assembly32, shown inFIG.6. As shown inFIG.7, electric motor16is installed within a cavity of exterior body44of electric loader10and directly couples to an independently driven wheel14, such that electric motor16is the source of power that controls wheel14. In other words, there is a 1:1 relationship between electric motor16and wheel14such that the processor controls each electric motor16to control the drive or rotation (e.g., RPM) of each wheel14on electric loader10.FIG.7shows a motor housing or cover46that surrounds electric motor16, and a duct48. In some embodiments, duct48supplies forced-air to help cool electric coils on electric motor16. In some embodiments, a rotor50further includes a cooling fan such that the forced-air is returned over the coils52on both stator54and/or rotor50to help maintain the temperature of the electric motor16.

FIG.8is a hub that includes a wheel-end gear or drive gear reducer36.FIG.8shows the hub assembly ofFIG.8, coupled to an electric motor16to form an electric motor-hub assembly56.FIG.8shows a cover46surrounding electric motor16for forced-air venting to cool coils52of electric motor16during operation. In various embodiments, cover46includes fins58to radiate off waste heat. With reference toFIG.8stationary or fixed hub34couples to a side body44of electric loader10. Drive gear reducer36is coupled to an exterior of electric loader10and couples directly to a track12or wheel14. In some embodiments, drive gear reducer36is a planetary gear reduction for electric motor to reduce the torque and increase the speed received from electric motor16. For example, drive gear reducer36reduces the torque received from electric motor16to increase a speed of rotation (RPM) of wheel14. In other embodiments, this process is reversed, such that an output speed of electric motor16is reduced by drive gear reducer36and the output torque at wheel14is increased.FIG.8shows openings in a top part of cover46. For example, pressurized or forced-air is forced through the top of cover46and through electric coils of stator54and/or rotor50to cool electric motor16. As shown inFIG.8, fixed hub34couples to a side of body44such that electric motor16is within body44and drive gear reducer36extends outside body44. In some embodiments, the side of body44is recessed such that wheels14are at least partially covered or surrounded by a portion of body44.

In some embodiments, electric motor16is located in a sealed environment, and heat is transferred from electric motor16to a base casting and/or cover46. Cover46includes fins58for natural convection of the generated heat away from cover46. A forced clean air cooling system60delivers pressurized clean and/or cool air through stator54, rotor50, and/or a gap62between stator54and/or rotor50to remove heat from coils52(e.g., copper windings), magnets64, lamination steel, and/or iron of stator54and/or rotor50. In some embodiments, rotor50includes ¾ inch diameter holes for circulating the forced-air. Spacing or gaps62between rotor50, stator54, and/or coils52enables the air to flow from a top of stator54to a bottom of stator54. In various embodiments, gap62is between 0.01 inches and 0.09 inches wide, specifically, between 0.02 inches and 0.08 inches, and more specifically about 0.06+/−0.01 inches wide. In this configuration, forced clean cool air contacts magnets and/or a tip of stator teeth, where iron losses are generated. Forced-air escapes out of slots of base casting for supporting electric motor16and/or stator54. For example, the escaping forced-air may be vented into a chain casing which is selectively vented to the interior of cab66(e.g., to warm the operator on a cool day) or to the surrounding environment (e.g., outside body44of electric loader10, for example, a hot summer day). In various embodiments, cover46includes a 1 inch to 3 inches diameter inlet port68for receiving forced-air into electric motor16, specifically between 1.5 inches and 2.5 inches, and more specifically, 1.75 inches to 2.25 inches. In some embodiments, the forced-air is controlled by the processor and uses a variac or variable voltage AC power supply.

FIG.9shows electric motor16with rotor50, coils52, stator54, and gaps62.FIG.10is an electric motor-hub assembly showing a filter for forced-air venting, according to an exemplary embodiment.FIG.9shows an axial bore53, through which axle55(FIG.24) of electric motor16couples to gear reducer36and wheel14.

FIG.11shows a fixed hub34on an attachment plate35. Attachment plate35provides fixed connection points for attaching or coupling drive gear reducer36(e.g., the planetary gear system shown inFIG.8) to a side body44of electric loader10.FIG.11also includes axial bore53in a center that receives axle55(FIG.24) of electric motor16.FIG.12shows body44of electric loader10with four independent electric motor-hub assemblies56for independently driving tracks12or wheels14at each electric motor-hub assembly56. For example, a single electric motor16powers a single track12on each side of body44with one or more followers or unpowered pivot locations. Alternatively, two or more electric motors16could be coupled to a single track12and configured to operate dependently, such that each electric motor16provides the same torque, speed, and/or power to each track12. As shown inFIG.11, each electric motor-hub assembly56independently powers each wheel14of electric loader10.

FIGS.13to17show various stages of the coupling of electric motor-hub assembly56to side of body44. Specifically,FIG.13shows a side view of a gear reducer36extending from the side of body44. Drive gear reducer36powers a rotating hub38of a track12or wheel14.FIG.14is a side view of an electric loader10that includes a receiving port70for receiving electric motor-hub assembly56shown inFIG.8and also shows a control port72for either a general the processor and/or a local processor to control one or more electric motors16of electric loader10. For example, a local processor is assigned to each electric motor16.

FIG.15is a view of electric motor-hub assembly56being coupled to receiving port70of electric loader10or loader.FIG.16shows the following step of the installation shown inFIG.15. Specifically,FIG.16shows how fixed hub34attaches to body44of electric loader10to support an installed electric motor-hub assembly56and power a wheel14. For example, the central control port72is used to couple electric motor-hub assembly56before the processor and/or other electrical connections are made in control port72.FIG.17is a side view of electric loader10with an installed front and rear electric motor-hub assemblies56. A central control port72connects each electric motor16to a central the processor and/or power source or battery panel22.

FIG.18is an isolated perspective view of a graphical user interface or a display74for an operator to interface with the processor and/or a control panel or controller40.FIG.19shows display74inside cab66of electric loader10. In various embodiments, display74is a system on a chip (SOC) display74that display74a parking brake, warning signals, limits the travel of loader arm26or arm, shows RPM of one or more electric motors, and/or other system information feedback.

FIGS.20and21show the attachment or coupling of wheels14to the electric motor-hub assembly56. Specifically, rotating power hubs38couple to standard tracks12or wheels14to drive and control electric loader10.FIG.20shows electric loader10with four electric motor-hub assemblies56attached or coupled independently at four-wheel14locations.FIG.21shows electric loader10with four installed wheels14at each electric motor-hub assembly56.

In some embodiments, a dedicated electric motor16is used to drive a lift arm assembly or loader arm26and/or other accessories or auxiliary units76.FIG.22shows electric motor16coupled to a hydraulic assembly or hydraulic78that powers a loader arm26and/or one or more hydraulic auxiliary units76. For example, electric motor16powers a hydraulic unit to power loader arm26and includes additional auxiliary units76to power attachments, such as but not limited to a snow-blower, a lawnmower, a wood chipper, a grapple bucket, a pallet fork, a rake, a log splitter, a saw, a bucket, and/or other hydraulic attachments that enhance the functionality of the electric loader10. In some embodiments, dedicated electric motor16may power other systems, such as an air conditioner. Additional auxiliary systems may be hydraulic or convert electric power into mechanical energy.

FIG.23is a front perspective view of the electric motor hydraulic drive assembly shown inFIG.22. A controller40is shown for electric motor16coupled to loader arm26and hydraulic auxiliary units76and/or for electric motor-hub assembly56. As shown inFIG.22, electric motor-hub assembly56includes a motor mount for a second electric motor-hub assembly56located close to dedicated electric motor16and coupled to hydraulic auxiliary units76and/or loader arm26.FIG.23shows a more isolated view of the dedicated electric motor16. Also shown are ducting for forced-air cooling of dedicated electric motor16.

FIG.24is a cross-sectional view of an electric motor16to show cover46and/or housing that vents forced-air through electric motor16and cools rotor50, stator54, and coils52.

FIGS.25to33show a central forced-air system60that has a dedicated electric motor16coupled to a squirrel fan80to force air through ducts48extending to each electric motor-hub assembly56.FIGS.26-28show perspective views of central forced-air system60.FIG.29shows another embodiment of a central forced-air system60that includes electric motor16coupled to fan80that forces air through ducts48leading to inlet port68on cover46of each electric motor-hub assembly56.FIG.30shows a bottom view of central forced-air system60andFIG.31shows a top view of central forced-air system60.FIGS.32and33are side perspective views of central forced-air system60with a chain-case42removed (FIG.32) and with the chain-case42installed (FIG.33).

FIG.34shows a forced-air cooling duct48coupled to cover46of electric motor16ofFIG.24. Cooling duct48forces air through gaps62between wound coils52of rotor50, stator54, and other areas of motor16.

FIG.35shows porting holes82for venting electric motor16. Electric motor16may be disposed in chain-case42of a conventional diesel design. As shown inFIG.35, a diesel engine loader includes a chain-case42that receives torque/speed from the diesel engine to drive wheels14. In the illustrated design, electric motors16are located in this area and release heat generated by electric motor16into this space. Chain-case42can be retrofitted to release this heat to an interior of cab66or out to the surrounding environment. Similarly, electric motor-hub assembly56may be retrofitted more internal to chain-case42, such that electric motor16is inside cab66and drive gear reducer36extends into chain-case42. In this configuration, powered rotating hub38extends at or near a side of body44, such that wheels14are located adjacent to body44, and the electric motor-hub assembly is installed substantially within body44.

FIG.36shows a squirrel fan80for a central forced-air venting system60that feeds cooling ducts48coupled to each electric motor16. For example, a single fan80receives filtered, cleaned, and/or cooled air from a supply source (e.g., dehumidified, particulate-free, and/or air-conditioned air). Fan80circulates forced-air through cooling ducts48leading to electric motors16. Electric motors16direct the forced-air through gaps62in the rotor50, stator54, and/or other areas of electric motor16and exhaust the air outside electric motor16. For example, chain-case42inside or outside cab66, or in a user-controlled fashion such that an operator can direct the exhaust of the heated air (e.g., to heat or cool cab66).

FIGS.37and38are perspective back views of a battery panel22accessed by opening backdoor20of electric loader10.FIG.37shows battery panel22in an upright or locked position. In this position, battery panel22serves as a counter-weight or ballast for the load applied at a front end (e.g., a bucket auxiliary unit76of electric loader10). Similarly,FIG.38shows battery panel22rotated to an unlocked or open position to provide access to an internal cavity84of cab66.

FIGS.39and40show the interconnection between battery panel22and controller40. Specifically, battery panel22includes wired connections86between power cells24(e.g., individual batteries). Wired connections86are located on an interior side of battery panel22, e.g., adjacent the internal cavity84, such that the wired connections86are not visible to an operator. The wires88couple to a controller40adjacent individual electric motors16. For example, each electric motor16has a controller40, fuse90, heat sink plate92, positive and negative terminals93(FIG.17). The central processor receives signals from each motor controller40and transmitters94and/or receivers96from one or more sensors30related to traction, slip, weight, and/or load at each electric motor16and/or wheel14. In other words, sensor30data is communicated to the processor and provides feedback to an operator, automates operation of electric loader, display74warnings, and/or enhance independent traction and/or drive of each wheel14independently.FIG.39shows a top view of the inside of battery panel22that includes wires88interconnecting battery cells24to electric motors16and/or controllers40to provide individualized power for each electric motor-hub assembly56.FIG.40shows individual motor controllers40or control panels coupled to each electric motor16to control and/or regulate electric energy/power delivered to electric motor16.

FIGS.41to44show isometric top (FIGS.43and44) and back (FIGS.41and42) views of electric loader10with backdoor20open to show battery panel22in an upright or locked position (FIGS.41and43) and rotated into a lowered or unlocked position (FIGS.42and44) to provide access to internal cavity84of cab66.FIG.45is a top isometric view of electric loader10with a closed backdoor20to show the operating configuration of electric loader10. In this configuration, the installed battery panel22is in an upright or locked position and provides a counterweight to front end (e.g., bucket) of loader arm26and/or electric loader10.

FIGS.46to49show isolated views of a rotating battery panel22located within a frame98that can insert into electric loader arm26. In some embodiments, frame98and/or battery panel22is removed from electric loader10or added to an existing (e.g., diesel) frame to retrofit a power supply to an existing design.FIG.47is a top perspective view of an isolated rotating battery panel22and frame98shown in an upright or locked position.FIG.48is a top perspective view of an isolated rotated battery panel22and frame shown in an unlocked, lowered, or open position.FIG.49is an isometric view of a backside of battery panel22located inside frame98in a locked upright position.

FIG.50is an isolated view of battery panel22showing various control knobs and charging ports100to charge individual battery cells24and/or remove battery cells24. For example, each battery cell24is locked in a box102with a locking mechanism104. Locking mechanism104can be released to replace or repair an individual battery cell24. Similarly, a charging port100is located in each box102to couple individual charges to each battery cell24. For example, each battery cell24can be charged independently and/or collectively at charging ports100. For example, a single charging port100is used to charge all battery cells24in battery panel22, or individual charging ports100isolate a single battery cell24for independent recharging.

FIG.51is an isolated view of the battery panel22from inside cab66and shows a plurality of storing locations or boxes102for a plurality of battery cells24. In some embodiments, each battery cell24is locked with a locking mechanism104inside a box102of battery panel22.FIG.52is a side perspective view of battery panel22rotated into an unlocked position to provide access to internal cavity84of frame98and/or cab66. In this configuration, each battery cell24is locked inside battery panel22, such that all battery cells24remain locked within battery panel22when the panel is rotated away from frame98. In some embodiments, the kinematics of the rotation of battery panel22assists in the rotation from a locked to an unlocked position. For example, battery panel22is spring-loaded to return the panel to the locked position (e.g., closed).

FIG.53is a side perspective view of an empty battery panel22in the locked or upright position. As shown, empty battery panel22does not have a locking mechanism104and is shown without installed battery cells24. In contrast,FIG.54shows battery panel22with installed battery cells24, locking mechanisms104for each box102, and a charging port100for each individual battery cell24.FIGS.55and57show empty battery trays without locking mechanisms104or battery cells24.FIG.56shows a battery cell24and an individual battery box102that secures battery cell24in battery panel22.

FIGS.58and59are front views of battery panel22in a rotated or unlocked position (FIG.58) and an upright or locked position (FIG.59) within the frame.FIG.60is an isometric front view of battery panel22within frame98. In this view, a backside of battery panel22is shown that includes wires88and wired coupling of battery cells24. As shown inFIGS.37-39frame98and battery panel22is inserted into body44of electric loader10and may be used to retrofit an existing loader with electrical power, e.g., for converting a conventional loader with electrical power at individual electric motors16at each wheel14or rotating hub38.

It should be understood that the figures illustrate the exemplary embodiments in detail, and it should be understood that the present application is not limited to the details or methodology set forth in the description or illustrated in the figures. It should also be understood that the terminology is for the purpose of description only and should not be regarded as limiting.

Further modifications and alternative embodiments of various aspects of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art in view of this description. Accordingly, this description is to be construed as illustrative only. The construction and arrangements, shown in the various exemplary embodiments, are illustrative only. Although only a few embodiments have been described in detail in this disclosure, many modifications are possible (e.g., variations in sizes, dimensions, structures, shapes and proportions of the various elements, values of parameters, mounting arrangements, use of materials, colors, orientations, etc.) without materially departing from the novel teachings and advantages of the subject matter described herein. Some elements shown as integrally formed may be constructed of multiple parts or elements, the position of elements may be reversed or otherwise varied, and the nature or number of discrete elements or positions may be altered or varied. The order or sequence of any process, logical algorithm, or method steps may be varied or re-sequenced according to alternative embodiments. Other substitutions, modifications, changes, and omissions may also be made in the design, operating conditions, and arrangement of the various exemplary embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention.

For purposes of this disclosure, the term “coupled” means the joining of two components directly or indirectly to one another. Such joining may be stationary in nature or movable in nature. Such joining may be achieved with the two members and any additional intermediate members being integrally formed as a single unitary body with one another or with the two members or the two members and any additional member being attached to one another. Such joining may be permanent in nature or alternatively may be removable or releasable in nature.

While the current application recites particular combinations of features in the claims appended hereto, various embodiments of the invention relate to any combination of any of the features described herein whether or not such combination is currently claimed, and any such combination of features may be claimed in this or future applications. Any of the features, elements, or components of any of the exemplary embodiments discussed above may be used alone or in combination with any of the features, elements, or components of any of the other embodiments discussed above.

In various exemplary embodiments, the relative dimensions, including angles, lengths, and radii, as shown in the Figures, are to scale. Actual measurements of the Figures will disclose relative dimensions, angles, and proportions of the various exemplary embodiments. Various exemplary embodiments extend to various ranges around the absolute and relative dimensions, angles, and proportions that may be determined from the Figures. Various exemplary embodiments include any combination of one or more relative dimensions or angles that may be determined from the Figures. Further, actual dimensions not expressly set out in this description can be determined by using the ratios of dimensions measured in the Figures in combination with the express dimensions set out in this description. In addition, in various embodiments, the present disclosure extends to a variety of ranges (e.g., plus or minus 30%, 20%, or 10%) around any of the absolute or relative dimensions disclosed herein or determinable from the Figures.