Patent ID: 12233170

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Various non-limiting forms of the present disclosure will now be described to provide an overall understanding of the principles of the structure, function, manufacture, and use of the absorbent article comprising a lotion resistant polymeric filler composition described herein. One or more examples of these non-limiting forms are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that the absorbent article comprising a lotion resistant polymeric filler composition described herein and illustrated in the accompanying drawings are non-limiting example forms and that the scope of the various non-limiting forms of the present disclosure are defined solely by the claims. The features illustrated or described in connection with one non-limiting form may be combined with the features of other non-limiting forms. Such modifications and variations are intended to be included within the scope of the present disclosure.

General Description of Absorbent Article

An example absorbent article10according to the present disclosure, shown in the form of a taped diaper, is represented inFIGS.1-3.FIG.1is a plan view of the example absorbent article10, garment-facing surface2facing the viewer in a flat, laid-out state (i.e., no elastic contraction).FIG.2is a plan view of the example absorbent article10ofFIG.1, wearer-facing surface4facing the viewer in a flat, laid-out state.FIG.3is a front perspective view of the absorbent article10ofFIGS.1and2in a fastened configuration. The absorbent article10ofFIGS.1-3is shown for illustration purposes only as the present disclosure may be used for making a wide variety of diapers, including adult incontinence products, pants, or other absorbent articles, such as sanitary napkins and absorbent pads, for example.

The absorbent article10may comprise a front waist region12, a crotch region14, and a back waist region16. The crotch region14may extend intermediate the front waist region12and the back waist region16. The front wait region12, the crotch region14, and the back waist region16may each be ⅓ of the length of the absorbent article10. The absorbent article10may comprise a front end edge18, a back end edge20opposite to the front end edge18, and longitudinally extending, transversely opposed side edges22and24defined by the chassis52.

The absorbent article10may comprise a liquid permeable topsheet26, a liquid impermeable backsheet28, and an absorbent core30positioned at least partially intermediate the topsheet26and the backsheet28. The absorbent article10may also comprise one or more pairs of barrier leg cuffs32with or without elastics33, one or more pairs of leg elastics34, one or more elastic waistbands36, and/or one or more acquisition materials38. The acquisition material or materials38may be positioned intermediate the topsheet26and the absorbent core30. An outer cover material40, such as a nonwoven material, may cover a garment-facing side of the backsheet28. The absorbent article10may comprise back ears42in the back waist region16. The back ears42may comprise fasteners46and may extend from the back waist region16of the absorbent article10and attach (using the fasteners46) to the landing zone area or landing zone material44on a garment-facing portion of the front waist region12of the absorbent article10. The absorbent article10may also have front ears47in the front waist region12. The absorbent article10may have a central lateral (or transverse) axis48and a central longitudinal axis50. The central lateral axis48extends perpendicular to the central longitudinal axis50.

In other instances, the absorbent article may be in the form of a pant having permanent or refastenable side seams. Suitable refastenable seams are disclosed in U.S. Pat. Appl. Pub. No. 2014/0005020 and U.S. Pat. No. 9,421,137. Referring toFIGS.4-8, an example absorbent article10in the form of a pant is illustrated.FIG.4is a front perspective view of the absorbent article10.FIG.5is a rear perspective view of the absorbent article10.FIG.6is a plan view of the absorbent article10, laid flat, with the garment-facing surface facing the viewer. Elements ofFIG.4-8having the same reference number as described above with respect toFIGS.1-3may be the same element (e.g., absorbent core30).FIG.7is an example cross-sectional view of the absorbent article taken about line7-7ofFIG.6.FIG.8is an example cross-sectional view of the absorbent article taken about line8-8ofFIG.6.FIGS.7and8illustrate example forms of front and back belts54,56. The absorbent article10may have a front waist region12, a crotch region14, and a back waist region16. Each of the regions12,14, and16may be ⅓ of the length of the absorbent article10. The absorbent article10may have a chassis52(sometimes referred to as a central chassis or central panel) comprising a topsheet26, a backsheet28, and an absorbent core30disposed at least partially intermediate the topsheet26and the backsheet28, and an optional acquisition material38, similar to that as described above with respect toFIGS.1-3. The absorbent article10may comprise a front belt54in the front waist region12and a back belt56in the back waist region16. The chassis52may be joined to a wearer-facing surface4of the front and back belts54,56or to a garment-facing surface2of the belts54,56. Side edges23and25of the front belt54may be joined to side edges27and29, respectively, of the back belt56to form two side seams58. The side seams58may be any suitable seams known to those of skill in the art, such as butt seams or overlap seams, for example. When the side seams58are permanently formed or refastenably closed, the absorbent article10in the form of a pant has two leg openings60and a waist opening circumference62. The side seams58may be permanently joined using adhesives or bonds, for example, or may be refastenably closed using hook and loop fasteners, for example.

The absorbent article10comprises a first nonwoven material, a second nonwoven material, and a bond area. The bond area comprises a portion of the first nonwoven material, a portion of the second nonwoven material, and a polymeric filler composition. The first nonwoven material and/or the second nonwoven material can be selected from the group consisting of a liquid permeable topsheet26, a liquid impermeable backsheet28, a barrier leg cuff material32, nonwovens of elastic components, nonwoven stretch components, fastening materials, a front belt54, a back belt56, an acquisition material38, a secondary top sheet119, absorbent core118construction layers such as dusting layers and/or core covers, other nonwoven materials, and combinations thereof.

Belts

Referring toFIGS.7and8, the front and back belts54and56may comprise front and back inner belt layers66and67and front and back outer belt layers64and65having an elastomeric material (e.g., strands68or a film (which may be apertured)) disposed at least partially therebetween. The elastic elements68or the film may be relaxed (including being cut) to reduce elastic strain over the absorbent core30or, may alternatively, run continuously across the absorbent core30. The elastics elements68may have uniform or variable spacing therebetween in any portion of the belts. The elastic elements68may also be pre-strained the same amount or different amounts. The front and/or back belts54and56may have one or more elastic element free zones70where the chassis52overlaps the belts54,56. In other instances, at least some of the elastic elements68may extend continuously across the chassis52.

The front and back inner belt layers66,67and the front and back outer belt layers64,65may be joined using adhesives, heat bonds, pressure bonds or thermoplastic bonds. Various suitable belt layer configurations can be found in U.S. Pat. Appl. Pub. No. 2013/0211363.

Front and back belt end edges55and57may extend longitudinally beyond the front and back chassis end edges19and21(as shown inFIG.6) or they may be co-terminus. The front and back belt side edges23,25,27, and29may extend laterally beyond the chassis side edges22and24. The front and back belts54and56may be continuous (i.e., having at least one layer that is continuous) from belt side edge to belt side edge (e.g., the transverse distances from23to25and from27to29). Alternatively, the front and back belts54and56may be discontinuous from belt side edge to belt side edge (e.g., the transverse distances from23to25and27to29), such that they are discrete.

As disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 7,901,393, the longitudinal length (along the central longitudinal axis50) of the back belt56may be greater than the longitudinal length of the front belt54, and this may be particularly useful for increased buttocks coverage when the back belt56has a greater longitudinal length versus the front belt54adjacent to or immediately adjacent to the side seams58.

The front outer belt layer64and the back outer belt layer65may be separated from each other, such that the layers are discrete or, alternatively, these layers may be continuous, such that a layer runs continuously from the front belt end edge55to the back belt end edge57. This may also be true for the front and back inner belt layers66and67—that is, they may also be longitudinally discrete or continuous. Further, the front and back outer belt layers64and65may be longitudinally continuous while the front and back inner belt layers66and67are longitudinally discrete, such that a gap is formed between them—a gap between the front and back inner and outer belt layers64,65,66, and67is shown inFIG.7and a gap between the front and back inner belt layers66and67is shown inFIG.8.

The front and back belts54and56may include slits, holes, and/or perforations providing increased breathability, softness, and a garment-like texture. Underwear-like appearance can be enhanced by substantially aligning the waist and leg edges at the side seams58(seeFIGS.4and5).

The front and back belts54and56may comprise graphics (see e.g.,78ofFIG.1). The graphics may extend substantially around the entire circumference of the absorbent article10and may be disposed across side seams58and/or across proximal front and back belt seams15and17; or, alternatively, adjacent to the seams58,15, and17in the manner described in U.S. Pat. No. 9,498,389 to create a more underwear-like article. The graphics may also be discontinuous.

Alternatively, instead of attaching belts54and56to the chassis52to form a pant, discrete side panels may be attached to side edges of the chassis22and24. Suitable forms of pants comprising discrete side panels are disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,645,190; 8,747,379; 8,372,052; 8,361,048; 6,761,711; 6,817,994; 8,007,485; 7,862,550; 6,969,377; 7,497,851; 6,849,067; 6,893,426; 6,953,452; 6,840,928; 8,579,876; 7,682,349; 7,156,833; and 7,201,744.

Topsheet

The topsheet26is the part of the absorbent article10that is in contact with the wearer's skin. The topsheet26may be joined to portions of the backsheet28, the absorbent core30, the barrier leg cuffs32, and/or any other layers as is known to those of ordinary skill in the art. The topsheet26may be compliant, soft-feeling, and non-irritating to the wearer's skin. Further, at least a portion of, or all of, the topsheet may be liquid permeable, permitting liquid bodily exudates to readily penetrate through its thickness. A suitable topsheet may be manufactured from a wide range of materials, such as porous foams, reticulated foams, apertured plastic films, woven materials, nonwoven materials, woven or nonwoven materials of natural fibers (e.g., wood or cotton fibers), synthetic fibers or filaments (e.g., polyester or polypropylene or bicomponent PE/PP fibers or mixtures thereof), or a combination of natural and synthetic fibers. The topsheet may have one or more layers. The topsheet may be apertured (FIG.2, element31), may have any suitable three-dimensional features, and/or may have a plurality of embossments (e.g., a bond pattern). The topsheet may be apertured by overbonding a material and then rupturing the overbonds through ring rolling, such as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,628,097, to Benson, et al., issued on May 13, 1997 and disclosed in U.S. Pat. Appl. Publication No. 2016/0136014 to Arora, et al. Any portion of the topsheet may be coated with a skin care composition, an antibacterial agent, a surfactant, and/or other beneficial agents. The topsheet may be hydrophilic or hydrophobic or may have hydrophilic and/or hydrophobic portions or layers. If the topsheet is hydrophobic, typically apertures will be present so that bodily exudates may pass through the topsheet.

Backsheet

The backsheet28is generally that portion of the absorbent article10positioned proximate to the garment-facing surface of the absorbent core30. The backsheet28may be joined to portions of the topsheet26, the outer cover material40, the absorbent core30, and/or any other layers of the absorbent article by any attachment methods known to those of skill in the art. The backsheet28prevents, or at least inhibits, the bodily exudates absorbed and contained in the absorbent core10from soiling articles such as bedsheets, undergarments, and/or clothing. The backsheet is typically liquid impermeable, or at least substantially liquid impermeable. The backsheet may, for example, be or comprise a thin plastic film, such as a thermoplastic film having a thickness of about 0.012 mm to about 0.051 mm. Other suitable backsheet materials may include breathable materials which permit vapors to escape from the absorbent article, while still preventing, or at least inhibiting, bodily exudates from passing through the backsheet.

Outer Cover Material

The outer cover material (sometimes referred to as a backsheet nonwoven)40may comprise one or more nonwoven materials joined to the backsheet28and that covers the backsheet28. The outer cover material40forms at least a portion of the garment-facing surface2of the absorbent article10and effectively “covers” the backsheet28so that film is not present on the garment-facing surface2. The outer cover material40may comprise a bond pattern, apertures, and/or three-dimensional features.

Absorbent Core

As used herein, the term “absorbent core”30refers to the component of the absorbent article10having the most absorbent capacity and that comprises an absorbent material. Referring toFIGS.9-11, in some instances, absorbent material72may be positioned within a core bag or a core wrap74. The absorbent material may be profiled or not profiled, depending on the specific absorbent article. The absorbent core30may comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of, a core wrap, absorbent material72, and glue enclosed within the core wrap. The absorbent material may comprise superabsorbent polymers, a mixture of superabsorbent polymers and air felt, only air felt, and/or a high internal phase emulsion foam. In some instances, the absorbent material may comprise at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 99%, or up to 100% superabsorbent polymers, by weight of the absorbent material. In such instances, the absorbent material may be free of air felt, or at least mostly free of air felt. The absorbent core periphery, which may be the periphery of the core wrap, may define any suitable shape, such as rectangular “T,” “Y,” “hour-glass,” or “dog-bone” shaped, for example. An absorbent core periphery having a generally “dog bone” or “hour-glass” shape may taper along its width towards the crotch region14of the absorbent article10.

Referring toFIGS.9-11, the absorbent core30may have areas having little or no absorbent material72, where a wearer-facing surface of the core bag74may be joined to a garment-facing surface of the core bag74. These areas having little or no absorbent material and may be referred to as “channels”76. These channels can embody any suitable shapes and any suitable number of channels may be provided. In other instances, the absorbent core may be embossed to create the impression of channels. The absorbent core inFIGS.9-11is merely an example absorbent core. Many other absorbent cores with or without channels are also within the scope of the present disclosure.

Barrier Leg Cuffs/Leg Elastics

Referring toFIGS.1and2, for example, the absorbent article10may comprise one or more pairs of barrier leg cuffs32and one or more pairs of leg elastics34. The barrier leg cuffs32may be positioned laterally inboard of leg elastics34. Each barrier leg cuff32may be formed by a piece of material which is bonded to the absorbent article10so it can extend upwards from a wearer-facing surface4of the absorbent article10and provide improved containment of body exudates approximately at the junction of the torso and legs of the wearer. The barrier leg cuffs32are delimited by a proximal edge joined directly or indirectly to the topsheet and/or the backsheet and a free terminal edge, which is intended to contact and form a seal with the wearer's skin. The barrier leg cuffs32may extend at least partially between the front end edge18and the back end edge20of the absorbent article10on opposite sides of the central longitudinal axis50and may be at least present in the crotch region14. The barrier leg cuffs32may each comprise one or more elastics33(e.g., elastic strands or strips) near or at the free terminal edge. These elastics33cause the barrier leg cuffs32to help form a seal around the legs and torso of a wearer. The leg elastics34extend at least partially between the front end edge18and the back end edge20. The leg elastics34essentially cause portions of the absorbent article10proximate to the chassis side edges22,24to help form a seal around the legs of the wearer. The leg elastics34may extend at least within the crotch region14.

Elastic Waistband

Referring toFIGS.1and2, the absorbent article10may comprise one or more elastic waistbands36. The elastic waistbands36may be positioned on the garment-facing surface2or the wearer-facing surface4. As an example, a first elastic waistband36may be present in the front waist region12near the front belt end edge18and a second elastic waistband36may be present in the back waist region16near the back end edge20. The elastic waistbands36may aid in sealing the absorbent article10around a waist of a wearer and at least inhibiting bodily exudates from escaping the absorbent article10through the waist opening circumference. In some instances, an elastic waistband may fully surround the waist opening circumference of an absorbent article.

Acquisition Materials

Referring toFIGS.1,2,7, and8, one or more acquisition materials38may be present at least partially intermediate the topsheet26and the absorbent core30. The acquisition materials38are typically hydrophilic materials that provide significant wicking of bodily exudates. These materials may dewater the topsheet26and quickly move bodily exudates into the absorbent core30. The acquisition materials38may comprise one or more nonwoven materials, foams, cellulosic materials, cross-linked cellulosic materials, air laid cellulosic nonwoven materials, spunlace materials, or combinations thereof, for example. In some instances, portions of the acquisition materials38may extend through portions of the topsheet26, portions of the topsheet26may extend through portions of the acquisition materials38, and/or the topsheet26may be nested with the acquisition materials38. Typically, an acquisition material38may have a width and length that are smaller than the width and length of the topsheet26. The acquisition material may be a secondary topsheet in the feminine pad context. The acquisition material may have one or more channels as described above with reference to the absorbent core30(including the embossed version). The channels in the acquisition material may align or not align with channels in the absorbent core30. In an example, a first acquisition material may comprise a nonwoven material and as second acquisition material may comprise a cross-linked cellulosic material.

Landing Zone

Referring toFIGS.1and2, the absorbent article10may have a landing zone area44that is formed in a portion of the garment-facing surface2of the outer cover material40. The landing zone area44may be in the back waist region16if the absorbent article10fastens from front to back or may be in the front waist region12if the absorbent article10fastens back to front. In some instances, the landing zone44may be or may comprise one or more discrete nonwoven materials that are attached to a portion of the outer cover material40in the front waist region12or the back waist region16depending upon whether the absorbent article fastens in the front or the back. In essence, the landing zone44is configured to receive the fasteners46and may comprise, for example, a plurality of loops configured to be engaged with, a plurality of hooks on the fasteners46, or vice versa.

Wetness Indicator/Graphics

Referring toFIG.1, the absorbent articles10of the present disclosure may comprise graphics78and/or wetness indicators80that are visible from the garment-facing surface2. The graphics78may be printed on the landing zone40, the backsheet28, and/or at other locations. The wetness indicators80are typically applied to the absorbent core facing side of the backsheet28, so that they can be contacted by bodily exudates within the absorbent core30. In some instances, the wetness indicators80may form portions of the graphics78. For example, a wetness indicator may appear or disappear and create/remove a character within some graphics. In other instances, the wetness indicators80may coordinate (e.g., same design, same pattern, same color) or not coordinate with the graphics78.

Front and Back Ears

Referring toFIGS.1and2, as referenced above, the absorbent article10may have front and/or back ears47,42in a taped diaper context. Only one set of ears may be required in most taped diapers. The single set of ears may comprise fasteners46configured to engage the landing zone or landing zone area44. If two sets of ears are provided, in most instances, only one set of the ears may have fasteners46, with the other set being free of fasteners. The ears, or portions thereof, may be elastic or may have elastic panels. In an example, an elastic film or elastic strands may be positioned intermediate a first nonwoven material and a second nonwoven material. The elastic film may or may not be apertured. The ears may be shaped. The ears may be integral (e.g., extension of the outer cover material40, the backsheet28, and/or the topsheet26) or may be discrete components attached to a chassis52of the absorbent article on a wearer-facing surface4, on the garment-facing surface2, or intermediate the two surfaces4,2.

Sensors

Referring again toFIG.1, the absorbent articles of the present disclosure may comprise a sensor system82for monitoring changes within the absorbent article10. The sensor system82may be discrete from or integral with the absorbent article10. The absorbent article10may comprise sensors that can sense various aspects of the absorbent article10associated with insults of bodily exudates such as urine and/or BM (e.g., the sensor system82may sense variations in temperature, humidity, presence of ammonia or urea, various vapor components of the exudates (urine and feces), changes in moisture vapor transmission through the absorbent articles garment-facing layer, changes in translucence of the garment-facing layer, and/or color changes through the garment-facing layer). Additionally, the sensor system82may sense components of urine, such as ammonia or urea and/or byproducts resulting from reactions of these components with the absorbent article10. The sensor system82may sense byproducts that are produced when urine mixes with other components of the absorbent article10(e.g., adhesives, agm). The components or byproducts being sensed may be present as vapors that may pass through the garment-facing layer. It may also be desirable to place reactants in the absorbent article that change state (e.g. color, temperature) or create a measurable byproduct when mixed with urine or BM. The sensor system82may also sense changes in pH, pressure, odor, the presence of gas, blood, a chemical marker or a biological marker or combinations thereof. The sensor system82may have a component on or proximate to the absorbent article that transmits a signal to a receiver more distal from the absorbent article, such as an iPhone, for example. The receiver may output a result to communicate to the caregiver a condition of the absorbent article10. In other instances, a receiver may not be provided, but instead the condition of the absorbent article10may be visually or audibly apparent from the sensor on the absorbent article.

Packages

The absorbent articles of the present disclosure may be placed into packages. The packages may comprise polymeric films and/or other materials. Graphics and/or indicia relating to properties of the absorbent articles may be formed on, printed on, positioned on, and/or placed on outer portions of the packages. Each package may comprise a plurality of absorbent articles. The absorbent articles may be packed under compression so as to reduce the size of the packages, while still providing an adequate amount of absorbent articles per package. By packaging the absorbent articles under compression, caregivers can easily handle and store the packages, while also providing distribution savings to manufacturers owing to the size of the packages.

Arrays

“Array” means a display of packages comprising disposable absorbent articles of different article constructions (e.g., different elastomeric materials [compositionally and/or structurally] in the side panels, side flaps and/or belts flaps, different graphic elements, different product structures, fasteners or lack thereof). The packages may have the same brand and/or sub-brand and/or the same trademark registration and/or having been manufactured by or for a common manufacturer and the packages may be available at a common point of sale (e.g. oriented in proximity to each other in a given area of a retail store). An array is marketed as a line-up of products normally having like packaging elements (e.g., packaging material type, film, paper, dominant color, design theme, etc.) that convey to consumers that the different individual packages are part of a larger line-up. Arrays often have the same brand, for example, “Huggies,” and same sub-brand, for example, “Pull-Ups.” A different product in the array may have the same brand “Huggies” and the sub-brand “Little Movers.” The differences between the “Pull-Ups” product of the array and the “Little Movers” product in the array may include product form, application style, different fastening designs or other structural elements intended to address the differences in physiological or psychological development. Furthermore, the packaging is distinctly different in that “Pull-Ups” is packaged in a predominately blue or pink film bag and “Little Movers” is packaged in a predominately red film bag.

Further regarding “Arrays,” as another example an array may be formed by different products having different product forms manufactured by the same manufacturer, for example, “Kimberly-Clark”, and bearing a common trademark registration for example, one product may have the brand name “Huggies,” and sub-brand, for example, “Pull-Ups.” A different product in the array may have a brand/sub-brand “Good Nites” and both are registered trademarks of The Kimberly-Clark Corporation and/or are manufactured by Kimberly-Clark. Arrays also often have the same trademarks, including trademarks of the brand, sub-brand, and/or features and/or benefits across the line-up. “On-line Array” means an “Array” distributed by a common on-line source.

Sanitary Napkin

Referring toFIG.12, an absorbent article of the present disclosure may be a sanitary napkin110. The sanitary napkin110may comprise a liquid permeable topsheet114, a liquid impermeable, or substantially liquid impermeable, backsheet116, and an absorbent core118. The liquid impermeable backsheet116may or may not be vapor permeable. The absorbent core118may have any or all of the features described herein with respect to the absorbent core30and, in some forms, may have a secondary topsheet119(STS) instead of the acquisition materials disclosed above. The STS119may comprise one or more channels, as described above (including the embossed version). In some forms, channels in the STS119may be aligned with channels in the absorbent core118. The sanitary napkin110may also comprise wings120extending outwardly with respect to a longitudinal axis180of the sanitary napkin110. The sanitary napkin110may also comprise a lateral axis190. The wings120may be joined to the topsheet114, the backsheet116, and/or the absorbent core118. The sanitary napkin110may also comprise a front edge122, a back edge124longitudinally opposing the front edge122, a first side edge126, and a second side edge128longitudinally opposing the first side edge126. The longitudinal axis180may extend from a midpoint of the front edge122to a midpoint of the back edge124. The lateral axis190may extend from a midpoint of the first side edge128to a midpoint of the second side edge128. The sanitary napkin110may also be provided with additional features commonly found in sanitary napkins as is known in the art.

Examples Cross-Sections of Absorbent Articles

FIGS.13-15illustrate example cross-sectional views of absorbent articles within the scope of the present disclosure.FIG.13is an example cross-sectional view taken within a front waist region12of an absorbent article.FIG.14is an example cross-sectional view taken within a crotch region14of an absorbent article.FIG.15is an example cross-sectional view taken within a back waist region16of an absorbent article. InFIGS.13-15, an outer cover material is element40, a liquid permeable topsheet is element26, opacity patches are elements84, a liquid impermeable backsheet is element28, an absorbent core is element30, with the core bag being element74, an absorbent material is element72, and a distribution material is element86. The distribution material86may comprise cross-linked cellulosic material and may be optional. An acquisition material is element88. A liquid permeable topsheet is element26. Barrier leg cuffs are elements90. Elastics in the barrier leg cuffs are elements92. Back ears are elements42. Fasteners on the back ears42are elements46. Construction glues and/or bonds between the various layers and/or components have been removed for clarity. Other cross-sectional configurations known to those of skill in the art are also within the scope of the present disclosure.

Bio-Based Content for Components

Components of the absorbent articles described herein may at least partially be comprised of bio-based content as described in U.S. Pat. Appl. No. 2007/0219521 A1. For example, the superabsorbent polymer component may be bio-based via their derivation from bio-based acrylic acid. Bio-based acrylic acid and methods of production are further described in U.S. Pat. Appl. Pub. No. 2007/0219521 and U.S. Pat. Nos. 8,703,450; 9,630,901 and 9,822,197. Other components, for example nonwoven and film components, may comprise bio-based polyolefin materials. Bio-based polyolefins are further discussed in U.S. Pat. Appl. Pub. Nos. 2011/0139657, 2011/0139658, 2011/0152812, and 2016/0206774, and U.S. Pat. No. 9,169,366. Example bio-based polyolefins for use in the present disclosure comprise polymers available under the designations SHA7260™, SHE150™, or SGM9450F™ (all available from Braskem S.A.).

An absorbent article component may comprise a bio-based content value from about 10% to about 100%, from about 25% to about 100%, from about 40% to about 100%, from about 50% to about 100%, from about 75% to about 100%, or from about 90% to about 100%, for example, using ASTM D6866-10, method B.

Recycle Friendly and Bio-Based Absorbent Articles

Components of the absorbent articles described herein may be recycled for other uses, whether they are formed, at least in part, from recyclable materials. Examples of absorbent article materials that may be recycled are nonwovens, films, fluff pulp, and superabsorbent polymers. The recycling process may use an autoclave for sterilizing the absorbent articles, after which the absorbent articles may be shredded and separated into different byproduct streams. Example byproduct streams may comprise plastic, superabsorbent polymer, and cellulose fiber, such as pulp. These byproduct streams may be used in the production of fertilizers, plastic articles of manufacture, paper products, viscose, construction materials, absorbent pads for pets or on hospital beds, and/or for other uses. Further details regarding absorbent articles that aid in recycling, designs of recycle friendly diapers, and designs of recycle friendly and bio-based component diapers, are disclosed in U.S. Provisional Pat. Appl. No. 62/597,539, P&G Docket Number 15058P, filed on Dec. 12, 2017.

General Description of Polymeric Filler Compositions and Comparative Tackified Adhesive Compositions

Described herein is a polymeric filler composition comprising at least 50%, alternatively from about 98% to about 98.5%, alternatively at least 75%, alternatively at least 85%, alternatively at least 90%, alternatively at least 95%, alternatively at least 98%, alternatively at least 99%, and alternatively 100% of a polymer, by weight of the polymeric filler composition. The polymer may be a copolymer or a homopolymer. The polymer may be an amorphous poly alpha olefin.

The polymer can comprise 100%, alternatively from about 75% to about 95%, alternatively from about 80% to about 90%, alternatively from about 30% to about 70%, alternatively from about 35% to about 65%, alternatively from about 40% to about 60%, alternatively from about 45% to about 55%, alternatively from about 10% to about 20%, alternatively from about 15% to about 25%, alternatively from about 1% to about 5%, and alternatively from about 5% to about 12% of propene monomer units, by weight of the polymer. The percentage of propene monomer units may be determined by a suitable method, such as nuclear magnetic resonance or infrared spectroscopies, known to those of skill in the art.

The polymer can comprise 100%, alternatively from about 75% to about 95%, alternatively from about 80% to about 90%, alternatively from about 30% to about 70%, alternatively from about 35% to about 65%, alternatively from about 40% to about 60%, alternatively from about 45% to about 55%, alternatively from about 10% to about 20%, and alternatively from about 15% to about 25%, alternatively from about 1% to about 5%, and alternatively from about 5% to about 12% of ethylene monomer units, by weight of the polymer. The percentage of ethylene monomer units may be determined by a suitable method, such as nuclear magnetic resonance or infrared spectroscopies, known to those of skill in the art.

The polymer can comprise 100%, alternatively from about 75% to about 95%, alternatively from about 80% to about 90%, alternatively from about 30% to about 70%, alternatively from about 35% to about 65%, alternatively from about 40% to about 60%, alternatively from about 45% to about 55%, alternatively from about 10% to about 20%, and alternatively from about 15% to about 25%, alternatively from about 1% to about 5%, and alternatively from about 5% to about 12% of 1-butene monomer units, by weight of the polymer. The percentage of 1-butene monomer units may be determined by a suitable method, such as nuclear magnetic resonance or infrared spectroscopies, known to those of skill in the art.

If the polymer is a copolymer, it can comprise from about 1% to about 40%, alternatively from about 2% to about 30%, alternatively from about 5% to about 20%, and alternatively from about 10% to about 15%, by weight of the copolymer, of one or more comonomer units selected from the group consisting of 4-methyl-1-pentene, pentene-1, 2-methylpentene-1, 3-methylbutene-1, heptene-1, dimethylpentene-1, trimethylbutene-1, ethylpentene-1, methylpentene-1, trimethylpentene-1, methylethylpentene-1, 1-octene, diethylbutene-1, propylpentane-1, decene-1, methylnonene-1, nonene-1, trimethylheptene-1, methylethylbutene-1, dodecene-1, and hexadodecene-1, and combinations thereof.

The polymer can be prepared by the methods described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,302,675 and 5,723,546, which are both expressly incorporated herein. The polymer may be prepared using a single-site catalyst system, multiple single-site catalyst systems, or Ziegler Natta catalyst system. Monomers used to prepare the copolymer can be obtained from one or more carbon-based sources, e.g., biomass from animal and/or vegetable fats. The monomers can also be obtained from renewable feed stocks provided by, e.g., Neste's Rotterdam Refinery (Neste, Finland). Polymeric filler compositions comprising a polymer can be prepared by combining the polymer and at least one optional ingredient (e.g., an optical brightener, other copolymers), if desired. The polymer can be prepared into a final polymeric filler composition by heating the primary polymer to elevated temperatures (e.g., about 135 to about 175° C.) that melts the polymer. Once molten, one or more optional ingredients (e.g., additive or other polymers components) can be added to the primary polymer. A mixer can be used to mix the components together into a final polymeric filler composition.

The polymeric filler composition can comprise less than 5%, alternatively less than 3%, alternatively less than 2%, alternatively less than 1%, alternatively less than 0.5%, and alternatively less than 0.1% of a tackifier, by weight of the polymer filler composition. Exemplary tackifiers can include aliphatic hydrocarbon resins, aromatic modified aliphatic hydrocarbon resins, hydrogenated poly-cyclopentadiene resins, poly-cyclopentadiene resins, gum rosins, gum rosin esters, wood rosins, wood rosin esters, tall oil rosins, tall oil rosin esters, poly-terpenes, aromatic modified poly-terpenes, terpene-phenolics, aromatic modified hydrogenated poly-cyclopentadiene resins, hydrogenated aliphatic resins, hydrogenated aliphatic aromatic resins, hydrogenated terpenes and modified terpenes, and hydrogenated rosin esters.

The polymeric filler composition can be free of a tackifier. The polymeric filler composition may comprise 0% tackifier. There are significant advantages to minimizing or avoiding the use of a tackifier as it may reduce the cost of the polymeric filler composition, as well as eliminate an additional ingredient and potential issues that may be associated with supplying the additional ingredient. Furthermore, tackifiers may impart undesirable odor in disposable articles and can also act as carriers of low molecular weight plasticizers (e.g., process oils that are used in SBC based adhesives) that may weaken the polyethylene back sheet materials used in absorbent articles and textile articles.

The polymeric filler composition may comprise a homopolymer of propylene. The homopolymer or propylene may be made using one or more metallocene catalysts. The homopolymer of propylene may have low modulus compared to typical homopolymers of propylene due to less stereoregularity. The homopolymer or propylene may comprise 0% tackifier. The homopolymer or propylene may have a number average molecular weight of from about 20,000 g/mole to about 70,000 g/mole, alternatively from about 30,000 g/mole to about 60,000 g/mole, alternatively from about 40,000 g/mole to about 50,000 g/mole, and alternatively from about 43,000 g/mole to about 47,000 g/mole. The homopolymer or propylene may have a viscosity of from about 5,000 mPa·s to about 12,000 mPa·s, alternatively from about 7,000 mPa·s to about 10,000 mPa·s, alternatively from about 8,000 mPa·s to about 9,000 mPa·s, and alternatively about 8,500 mPa·s at 190° C. according to ASTM D3236-88. An example of a homopolymer or propylene may be L-Modu S410 from Idemitsu.

The polymeric filler composition may comprise an amorphous poly alpha olefin. The amorphous poly alpha olefin may be a copolymer comprising propylene and 1-butene. The amorphous poly alpha olefin may be produced using a Ziegler-Natta catalyst. The amorphous poly alpha olefin may comprise 0% tackifier. The amorphous poly alpha olefin may have a viscosity of about 3,000 mPa·s, alternatively from about 2,000 mPa·s to about 5,000 mPa·s, and alternatively from about 2,500 mPa·s to about 4,500 mPa·s at 190° C. according to ASTM D3236-88. An example of an amorphous poly alpha olefin may be RT2830 from REXtac.

The polymeric filler composition may comprise a copolymer comprising propylene and ethylene. The copolymer comprising propylene and ethylene may be made using one or more metallocene catalysts. The copolymer comprising propylene and ethylene may comprise 0% tackifier. The copolymer comprising propylene and ethylene may have a viscosity of about 3,000 mPa·s, alternatively from about 1,000 mPa·s to about 5,000 mPa·s, alternatively from about 1,500 mPa·s to about 4,000 mPa·s, alternatively from about 1,750 mPa·s to about 3,000 mPa·s, alternatively from about 2,000 mPa·s to about 2,500 mPa·s, alternatively from about 2,000 mPa·s to about 2,200 mPa·s, and alternatively about 2,100 mPa·s at 170° C. according to ASTM D3236-88. An example of a copolymer comprising propylene and ethylene may be Licocene 2502 from Clariant.

The polymeric filler composition may comprise a homopolymer of propylene. The homopolymer of propylene may comprise 0% tackifier. The homopolymer of propylene may have a viscosity of from about 500 mPa·s to about 3,000 mPa·s, alternatively from about 750 mPa·s to about 2,250 mPa·s, and alternatively from about 1,200 mPa·s to about 1,800 mPa·s at 170° C. according to ASTM D3236-88. The homopolymer of propylene may be made using one or more metallocene catalysts. An example of a homopolymer of propylene may be Licocene 6502 from Clariant.

A comparative tackified adhesive composition may be a styrenic block copolymer based adhesive comprising at least 20% of a tackifier, by weight of the tackified adhesive composition. The adhesive may have a viscosity of from about 2,000 mPa·s to about 7,000 mPa·s, alternatively from about 3,000 mPa·s to about 6,000 mPa·s, alternatively from about 4,000 mPa·s to about 5,500 mPa·s, and alternatively about 4,725 mPa·s at 160° C. according to ASTM D3236-88. An example of this adhesive may be H2401 from Bostik.

Another comparative tackified adhesive composition may be a polyolefin based adhesive comprising at least 20% of a tackifier, by weight of the tackified adhesive composition. The adhesive may have a viscosity of from about 3,000 mPa·s to about 9,000 mPa·s, alternatively from about 4,000 mPa·s to about 7,000 mPa·s, alternatively from about 5,000 mPa·s to about 6,500 mPa·s, alternatively from about 5,750 mPa·s to about 6,250 mPa·s, and alternatively about 6,000 mPa·s at 160° C. according to ASTM D3236-88. An example of this adhesive may be DM3800 from Henkel.

The polymeric filler composition may optionally comprise an antioxidant or a stabilizer. Any antioxidant known to a person of ordinary skill in the art may be used in the adhesion composition. Non-limiting examples of suitable antioxidants include amine-based antioxidants such as alkyl diphenyl amines, phenyl-naphthylamine, alkyl or aralkyl substituted phenyl-naphthylamine, alkylated p-phenylene diamines, tetramethyl-diaminodiphenylamine and the like; and hindered phenol compounds such as 2,6-di-t-butyl-4-methylphenol; 1,3,5-trimethyl-2,4,6-tris(3′,5′-di-t-butyl-4′-hydroxybenzyl)benzene; tetra kis [(methylene(3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxyhydrocinnamate)]methane (e.g., IRGANOX™ 1010, from Ciba Geigy, New York); octadecyl-3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxycinnamate (e.g., IRGANOX™ 1076, commercially available from Ciba Geigy) and combinations thereof. When used, the amount of the antioxidant and/or the stabilizer in the polymeric filler composition can be less than 1%, alternatively from about 0.05% to about 0.75%, and alternatively from about 0.1% to about 0.5%, by weight of the polymeric filler composition.

The polymeric filler composition may optionally comprise a UV stabilizer that may prevent or reduce the degradation of the composition by radiation. Any UV stabilizer known to a person of ordinary skill in the art may be used in the polymeric filler composition. Non-limiting examples of suitable UV stabilizers include benzophenones, benzotriazoles, aryl esters, oxanilides, acrylic esters, formamidine carbon black, hindered amines, nickel quenchers, hindered amines, phenolic antioxidants, metallic salts, zinc compounds, and combinations thereof. Where used, the amount of the UV stabilizer in the polymeric filler composition can be less than 1%, alternatively from about 0.05% to about 0.75%, and alternatively from about 0.1% to about 0.5%, by weight of the polymeric filler composition

The polymeric filler composition may optionally comprise a brightener, colorant, and/or pigment. Any colorant or pigment known to a person of ordinary skill in the art may be used in the polymeric filler composition. Non-limiting examples of suitable brighteners, colorants, and/or pigments include fluorescent materials and pigments such as triazine-stilbene, coumarin, imidazole, diazole, titanium dioxide and carbon black, phthalocyanine pigments, and other organic pigments such as IRGAZINB, CROMOPHTALB, MONASTRALB, CINQUASIAB, IRGALITEB, ORASOLB, all of which are available from Ciba Specialty Chemicals, Tarrytown, N.Y. Where used, the amount of the brightener, colorant, and/or pigment in the polymeric filler composition can be less than 10%, alternatively from about 0.01% to about 5%, and alternatively from about 0.1% to about 2%, by weight of the polymeric filler composition.

The polymeric filler composition may optionally comprise a fragrance such as a perfume or other odorant. Such fragrances may be retained by a liner or contained in release agents such as microcapsules that may, for example, release fragrance upon removal of a release liner from or compression on the adhesive composition. Where used, the amount of the fragrance in the polymeric filler composition can be less than 3%, alternatively less than 2%, alternatively less than 1%, alternatively from about 0.05% to about 0.75%, and alternatively from about 0.1% to about 0.5%, by weight of the polymeric filler composition

The polymeric filler composition may have a Peak Peel Strength of from about 0.1 N/cm to about 9 N/cm, alternatively from about 0.15 N/cm to about 9 N/cm, alternatively from about 0.15 N/cm to about 1.0 N/cm, alternatively from about 0.1 N/cm to about 0.5 N/cm, alternatively from about 0.2 N/cm to about 0.4 N/cm, alternatively from about 0.2 N/cm to about 0.8 N/cm, alternatively from about 0.25 N/cm to about 0.71 N/cm, alternatively from about 1.15 N/cm to about 2 N/cm, alternatively from about 1.2 N/cm to about 1.8 N/cm, alternatively from about 1.22 N/cm to about 1.75 N/cm, alternatively from about 1.8 N/cm to about 3 N/cm, alternatively from about 1.85 N/cm to about 2.7 N/cm, alternatively from about 1.88 N/cm to about 2.62 N/cm, alternatively from about 0.4 N/cm to about 3.0 N/cm, alternatively from about 0.5 N/cm to about 2.5 N/cm, alternatively from about 0.6 N/cm to about 2.3 N/cm, alternatively from about 0.65 N/cm to about 2.22 N/cm, alternatively from about 1.75 N/cm to about 3.0 N/cm, alternatively from about 1.8 N/cm to about 2.3 N/cm, and alternatively from about 1.85 to about 2.22 after exposure to a skin-protecting material for 24 hours according to the Laminate Peel Test Method described herein.

The polymeric filler composition may have a Tensile Strength at Yield of from about 0.5 MPa to about 10 MPa, alternatively from about 1 MPa to about 8 MPa, alternatively from about 2 MPa to about 6 MPa, alternatively from about 4 MPa to about 7 MPa, alternatively from about 4.5 MPa to about 6 MPa, alternatively from about 4.94 MPa to about 5.76 MPa, alternatively from about 0.5 MPa to about 4.5 MPa, alternatively from about 1 MPa to about 4 MPa, alternatively from about 2 MPa to about 4 MPa, alternatively from about 2.06 MPa to about 3.53 MPa, and alternatively from about 0.5 MPa to about 7 MPa, according to the Tensile Strength Test Method described herein.

The polymeric filler composition may have a Modulus of Elasticity of from about 40 MPa to about 500 MPa, alternatively from about 50 MPa to about 300 MPa, alternatively from about 50 MPa to about 250 MPa, alternatively from about 52.1 MPa to about 235 MPa, alternatively from about 5 MPa to about 45 MPa, alternatively from about 10 MPa to about 30 MPa, alternatively from about 15 MPa to about 25 MPa, alternatively from about 19.4 MPa to about 20.6 MPa, and alternatively from about 5 MPa to about 400 MPa according to the Modulus of Elasticity Test Method described herein.

The bond area may comprise from about 13 gsm to about 30 gsm, alternatively from about 15 gsm to about 25 gsm, alternatively from about 7 gsm to about 13 gsm, alternatively from about 9 gsm to about 11 gsm, alternatively from about 5 gsm to about 30 gsm, alternatively from about 6 gsm to about 27 gsm, alternatively from about 10 gsm to about 25 gsm, alternatively from about 20 gsm to about 30 gsm, alternatively from about 23 gsm to about 27 gsm, alternatively about 10 gsm, alternatively about 15 gsm, and alternatively about 25 gsm of the polymeric filler composition disposed within the bond area.

General Description of Various Skin-Protecting Materials

A first skin-protecting material may comprise a mineral oil. The first skin-protecting material may be a paraffinic mineral oil. The first skin-protecting material may comprise a perfume. The first skin-protecting material may comprise from about 95 wt. % to 100 wt. % mineral oil, alternatively from about 97 wt. % to about 99.5 wt. % mineral oil, and alternatively from about 98 wt. % to about 99 wt. % mineral oil. The mineral oil may be any of various colorless, odorless, light mixtures of higher alkanes from a mineral source. The mineral oil may be a distillate of petroleum. The mineral oil may be selected from a white oil, a paraffin oil, a liquid paraffin, and mixtures thereof. An example of a product that may comprise the first skin-protecting material may be Johnson & Johnson Johnson's® Baby Oil sold by Johnson & Johnson.

A second skin-protecting material may comprise a petroleum based material selected from the group consisting of a petrolatum, a petroleum jelly, a white petrolatum, a soft petrolatum, a soft paraffin/paraffin wax, a multi-hydrocarbon, and mixtures thereof. The petroleum based material may be a semi-solid mixture of hydrocarbons, optionally with carbon numbers higher than 25. The petroleum based material may be USP grade suitable for medicinal and personal care applications. The second skin-protecting material may comprise a perfume. The second skin-protecting material may comprise from about 5 wt. % to about 50 wt. %, alternatively from about 10 wt. % to about 45 wt. %, alternatively from about 11 wt. % to about 15 wt. %, alternatively from about 20 wt. % to about 40 wt. %, alternatively from about 25 wt. % to about 25 wt. %, and alternatively from about 38 wt. % to about 42 wt. % zinc oxide.

The second skin-protecting material may comprise from about 10 wt. % to about 100 wt. %, alternatively from about 20% to about 99%, alternatively from about 30 wt. % to about 98 wt. %, alternatively from about 40 wt. % to about 97 wt. %, alternatively from about 50 wt. % to about 96 wt. %, alternatively from about 50 wt. % to about 95 wt. %, alternatively from about 60 wt. % to about 93 wt. %, alternatively from about 70 wt. % to about 91 wt. %, alternatively from about 80 wt. % to about 89 wt. %, and alternatively from about 83 wt. % to about 87 wt. % of the petroleum based material. The second skin-protecting material may further comprise beeswax, mineral oil, dimethicone, glycerine, perfume, and/or Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Extract. The second skin-protecting material may further comprise beeswax, cod liver oil, lanolin, talc, dimethicone, glycerine, and/or perfume. An example of a product that may comprise the second skin-protecting material may be Desitin® Rapid Relief Cream sold by Johnson & Johnson.

A third skin-protecting material may comprise a natural oil and/or natural extract. The third skin-protecting material may comprise ingredients selected from the group consisting of sweet almond oil and/or extract, calendula flower oil and/or extract, chamomile flower oil and/or extract, glycerol linoleate, wool wax, clay, lavender oil and/or extract, rosemary leaf oil and/or extract, sage oil and/or extract, sesame seed oil and/or extract, water, and mixtures thereof. The third skin-protecting material may comprise zinc oxide, coconut oil and/or extract, sweet almond oil and/or extract, sesame oil and/or extract, glycerin, wool wax, hydrolyzed beeswax, glycerol oleate, beeswax, Borago officinalis seed oil and/or extract, sunflower seed oil and/or extract, althaea officinalis root extract, viola tricolor extract, glyceryl caprylate, sodium lauroyl lactalate, lactate, water, and mixtures thereof. Examples of a product that may comprise the third skin-protecting material may be Calendula Diaper Rash Cream, Diaper Care Cream—White Mallow, both sold by Weleda.

The third skin-protecting material may comprise one or more natural oils, natural extracts, natural fats, and/or derivatives thereof. Non-limiting examples include oleic canola oil (Brassica campestris, B. napus, B. rapa; having an oleic content greater than 70%, e.g., high oleic canola oil, very high oleic canola oil, or partially hydrogenated canola oil), marula kernel oil, palm oil, palm olein, palm stearin, palm superolein, avocado oil, pecan oil, pumpkin seed oil, oleic safflower oil (having an oleic content of greater than 30% and omega-6 fatty acid content of less than 50%, e.g., high oleic safflower oil), sesame oil, soybean oil (e.g., high oleic soybean, low linolenic soybean oil, partially hydrogenated), oleic sunflower oil (having an oleic content of greater than 40%, e.g., mid oleic sunflower or high oleic sunflower oil), apricot oil, babassu oil, castor oil, coconut oil, cod liver oil, hydrogenated corn oil, hydrogenated cottonseed oil, hazelnut oil, jojoba oil, macadamia oil, meadowfoam seed oil, maringa oil, olive oil, marula oil, palm kernel oil, hydrogenated rapeseed oil, rose hip oil, hydrogenated safflower oil, hydrogenated soybean oil, hydrogenated sunflower oil, cocoa butter, hydrogenated walnut oil, hydrogenated wheat germ oil, flaxseed oil, argan oil, neem oil, saffron extract or essential oil, tea tree extract or essential oil, sandalwood extract or essential oil, frankincense extract or essential oil, myrrh extract or essential oil, clove extract or essential oil, niaouli extract or essential oil, peppermint extract or essential oil, eucalyptus extract or essential oil, Melrose extract or essential oil, or the hardened derivatives thereof.

The third skin-protecting material may comprise from about 10 wt. % to about 100 wt. %, alternatively from about 20% to about 99%, alternatively from about 30 wt. % to about 98 wt. %, alternatively from about 40 wt. % to about 97 wt. %, alternatively from about 50 wt. % to about 96 wt. %, alternatively from about 50 wt. % to about 95 wt. %, alternatively from about 60 wt. % to about 93 wt. %, alternatively from about 70 wt. % to about 91 wt. %, alternatively from about 80 wt. % to about 89 wt. %, and alternatively from about 83 wt. % to about 87 wt. % of the natural oil, natural extract, natural fat, and/or derivatives thereof.

Examples & Data

The following examples, comparative examples, and data are provided to help illustrate the polymeric filler compositions and bond areas described herein. The exemplified bond areas were prepared according to the Laminate Peel Test Method described herein. It will be appreciated that other modifications to the polymeric filler compositions described herein within the skill of those in the formulation art may be undertaken. All parts, percentages, and ratios herein are by weight unless otherwise specified.

TABLE 1TensilePeak PeelPeak PeelPeak PeelStrengthModulus ofPolymericStrengthStrengthStrengthat YieldElasticityFiller(N/cm)(N/cm)(N/cm)(MPa)(MPa)Composition10 gsm15 gsm25 gsm5.7652.1Licocene0.20.280.25250214.94235Licocene0.390.540.71650223.5320.6L-Modu000S41032.0619.4REXtac RT-00.10.19283040.020.138Bostik000H240150.332.08Henkel000DM380061Available from Clariant2Available from Clariant3Available from Idemitsu4Available from REXtac LLC5Available from Bostik6Available from Henkel

Table 1 provides measurements of the Peak Peal Strength for various bond areas comprising various polymeric filler compositions at various gsm amounts after exposure to Johnson & Johnson Johnson's® Baby Oil sold by Johnson & Johnson according to the Laminate Peel Test Method described herein. Table 1 also provides measurements of the Peak Peal Strength for various bond areas comprising various tackified adhesive compositions at various gsm amounts after exposure to Johnson & Johnson Johnson's® Baby Oil sold by Johnson & Johnson according to the Laminate Peel Test Method described herein. The Peak Peel Strength was measured according to the Laminate Peel Test Method described herein.

In addition, Table 1 provides measurements of the Tensile Strength at Yield, according to the Tensile Strength Test Method described herein, and the Modulus of Elasticity, according to the Modulus of Elasticity Test Method described herein for various bond areas comprising various polymeric filler compositions at various gsm amounts. Table 1 also provides measurements of the Tensile Strength at Yield, according to the Tensile Strength Test Method described herein, and the Modulus of Elasticity, according to the Modulus of Elasticity Test Method described herein for various bond areas comprising various tackified adhesive compositions at various gsm amounts.

TABLE 2TensilePeak PeelPeak PeelPeak PeelStrengthModulus ofPolymericStrengthStrengthStrengthat YieldElasticityFiller(N/cm)(N/cm)(N/cm)(MPa)(MPa)Composition10 gsm15 gsm25 gsm5.7652.1Licocene1.091.561.69250214.94235Licocene0.751.031.32650223.5320.6L-Modu1.752.452.62S41032.0619.4REXtac RT-1.221.882.1283040.020.138Bostik00.060.12H240150.332.08Henkel0.390.690.43DM380061Available from Clariant2Available from Clariant3Available from Idemitsu4Available from REXtac LLC5Available from Bostik6Available from Henkel

Table 2 provides measurements of the Peak Peal Strength for various bond areas comprising various polymeric filler compositions at various gsm amounts after exposure to Calendula Diaper Rash Cream sold by Weleda according to the Laminate Peel Test Method described herein. Table 2 also provides measurements of the Peak Peal Strength for various bond areas comprising various tackified adhesive compositions at various gsm amounts after exposure to Calendula Diaper Rash Cream sold by Weleda according to the Laminate Peel Test Method described herein. The Peak Peel Strength was measured according to the Laminate Peel Test Method described herein.

In addition, Table 2 provides measurements of the Tensile Strength at Yield, according to the Tensile Strength Test Method described herein, and the Modulus of Elasticity, according to the Modulus of Elasticity Test Method described herein for various bond areas comprising various polymeric filler compositions at various gsm amounts. Table 2 also provides measurements of the Tensile Strength at Yield, according to the Tensile Strength Test Method described herein, and the Modulus of Elasticity, according to the Modulus of Elasticity Test Method described herein for various bond areas comprising various tackified adhesive compositions at various gsm amounts.

TABLE 3TensilePeak PeelPeak PeelPeak PeelStrengthModulus ofPolymericStrengthStrengthStrengthat YieldElasticityFiller(N/cm)(N/cm)(N/cm)(MPa)(MPa)Composition10 gsm15 gsm25 gsm5.7652.1Licocene0.821.431.61250214.94235Licocene0.891.281.16650223.5320.6L-Modu0.651.572.22S41032.0619.4REXtac RT-0.671.21.85283040.020.138Bostik000.15H240150.332.08Henkel0.210.250.3DM380061Available from Clariant2Available from Clariant3Available from Idemitsu4Available from REXtac LLC5Available from Bostik6Available from Henkel

Table 3 provides measurements of the Peak Peal Strength for various bond areas comprising various polymeric filler compositions at various gsm amounts after exposure to Desitin® Rapid Relief Cream sold by Johnson & Johnson according to the Laminate Peel Test Method described herein. Table 3 also provides measurements of the Peak Peal Strength for various bond areas comprising various tackified adhesive compositions at various gsm amounts after exposure to Desitin® Rapid Relief Cream sold by Johnson & Johnson according to the Laminate Peel Test Method described herein. The Peak Peel Strength was measured according to the Laminate Peel Test Method described herein.

In addition, Table 3 provides measurements of the Tensile Strength at Yield, according to the Tensile Strength Test Method described herein, and the Modulus of Elasticity, according to the Modulus of Elasticity Test Method described herein for various bond areas comprising various polymeric filler compositions at various gsm amounts. Table 3 also provides measurements of the Tensile Strength at Yield, according to the Tensile Strength Test Method described herein, and the Modulus of Elasticity, according to the Modulus of Elasticity Test Method described herein for various bond areas comprising various tackified adhesive compositions at various gsm amounts.

ADDITIONAL DATA

Bostik Adhesive H2401 and Licocene 2502 Bonding Trial Run Results:

Thickness Measurement

All thickness data was measured using the Mitutoyo Thickness Gage (547-520) and the following protocol:1) More than 2000 measurement were first taken to determine the thickness of the two un-bonded 15 gsm Top Sheet (FQN Teal GR SPB Embos, IRMS 96731966) and 15 gsm Cuff (Fibertex SMS BLC, IRMS 95743626) web sample layers, and the consistent combined thickness was found to be 240μ.2) A minimum of 50 data points were then sampled on each TS/Cuff non-woven web sample, looking for the un-bonded areas that are 240μ thick, and then the average of the thickness at the bond sites immediate adjacent to it was taken.
Bonding ConditionsSoft nip pressure—Rubber roll (55 Shore A) against a steel roll, nip between 50-70 psiHPN nip pressure—Steel roll against a steel roll, nip between 40,000-100,000 psi
Tensile Strength: For Base Non-Woven Materials (Cuff, and Top Sheet):

ItemsCD (N/in)MD (N/in)Cuff5.2-8.89.4-16.8Top Sheet7.2-1216.2-21.8
Bond Strength: Strong>Good>N (not Acceptable)Strong—The bonds are stronger than the substrates (100% of the samples pull apart near the bond sites @force >5.2 N/in)Good—No more than 20% of samples pull apart at the bond sites @force <5.2 N/in, and 80% of the samples pull apart near the bond site @force >5.2 N/in.(N)—The bonds are weaker than the substrates (100% pull apart at the bond sites @force <5.2 N/in)
Note:Build up—(BU), Pin Hole—(PH)Thickness (μ)—Un-Bonded area/Bonded area (BA)

Test (A) Bonding agent - Bostik Adhesive H2401, coated on 15 gsm Top Sheet and bonded to 15 gsm CuffS #Bar (Soft)m/sgsmBU/PH° C. (Sys/Gun)CD/MDThickness (μ)Matl Penetrat. (μ)12.5 (55 psi)220N/N160/160Strong/Good240/240 (BA)11.69 (TS)11.66 (Cuff)22.5 (55 psi)420N/N160/160Strong/Good240/280 (BA)* (TS)* (Cuff)S #Bar (HPN)m/sgsmBU/PH° C. (Sys/Gun)CD/MDThickness (μ)Matl Penetrat. (μ)12(60,000 psi)75N/N160/160N/N240/140 (BA)3.26 (TS)3.25 (Cuff)22(60,000 psi)710N/N160/160Good/N240/140 (BA)6.52 (TS)6.50 (Cuff)32(60,000 psi)715Y/N160/160Strong/Strong240/160 (BA)9.45 (TS)9.42 (Cuff)42(60,000 psi)720Y/Y160/160Strong/Strong240/190 (BA)12.15 (TS)12.12 (Cuff)52.5(70,000 psi)720Y/N160/160Strong/Strong240/140 (BA)13.04 (TS)12.99 (Cuff)62.5(70,000 psi)75N/N160/160N/N240/140 (BA)3.26 (TS)3.25 (Cuff)73(80,000 psi)75N/N160/160N/N240/140 (BA)3.26 (TS)3.25 (Cuff)83.5(90,000 psi)75N/N160/160N/N240/140 (BA)3.26 (TS)3.25 (Cuff)94(100,000 psi)75N/N160/160N/N240/130 (BA)3.33 (TS)3.32 (Cuff)

Test (B) Bonding agent - Licocene 2502, coated on 15 gsm TS and bonded to 15 gsm CuffS #Bar (Soft)m/sgsmBU/PH° C. (Sys/Gun)CD/MDThickness (μ)Matl Penetrat. (μ)12(50 psi)210N/N120/130N/N240/260 (BA)* (TS)* (Cuff)22.5(55 psi)710N/N120/130N/N240/260 (BA)* (TS)* (Cuff)32.5(55 psi)216N/N120/130N/N240/260 (BA)* (TS)* (Cuff)42(50 psi)220N/N120/130N/N240/290 (BA)* (TS)* (Cuff)52.5(55 psi)220N/N120/130Good/Good240/260 (BA)* (TS)* (Cuff)63(60 psi)220N/N120/125Good/Good240/230 (BA)13.25 (TS)13.22 (Cuff)73.5(65 psi)220N/N120/125Good/Good240/250 (BA)7.44 (TS)7.42 (Cuff)84(70 psi)220N/N120/125Strong/Strong240/270 (BA)* (TS)* (Cuff)S #Bar (HPN)m/sgsmBU/PH° C. (Sys/Gun)CD/MDThickness (μ)Matl Penetrat. (μ)12(60,000 psi)75N/N160/160N/N240/140 (BA)3.67 (TS)3.66 (Cuff)22.5(70,000 psi)75N/N160/160N/N240/130 (BA)3.75 (TS)3.74 (Cuff)33(80,000 psi)75N/N160/160N/N240/120 (BA)3.85 (TS)3.83 (Cuff)43.5(90,000 psi)75N/N160/160N/N240/110 (BA)3.97 (TS)3.95 (Cuff)54(100,000 psi)75N/N160/160N/N240/100 (BA)4.13 (TS)4.11 (Cuff)61.5(50,000 psi)78Y/N140/140Good/Good240/180 (BA)5.53 (TS)5.52 (Cuff)71.5(50,000 psi)78Y/N160/160Good/Good240/160 (BA)5.68 (TS)5.66 (Cuff)82(60,000 psi)78Y/N160/160Strong/Strong240/180 (BA)5.53 (TS)5.52 (Cuff)91.0(40,000 psi)710Y/N120/130Good/Good240/200 (BA)6.78 (TS)6.76 (Cuff)101.0(40,000 psi)710Y/N120/125Good/Good240/200 (BA)6.78 (TS)6.76 (Cuff)111.5(50,000 psi)710Y/N120/130Strong/Strong240/190 (BA)6.84 (TS)6.83 (Cuff)122(60,000 psi)710Y/N160/160Strong/Strong240/190 (BA)6.84 (TS)6.83 (Cuff)132(60,000 psi)710Y/N120/130Strong/Strong240/190 (BA)6.84 (TS)6.83 (Cuff)142(60,000 psi)710Y/N120/125Strong/Strong240/190 (BA)6.84 (TS)6.83 (Cuff)

ADDITIONAL EXAMPLES

A. An absorbent article comprising:a) an absorbent core, a first nonwoven material, a second nonwoven material, and a bond area; andb) a polymeric filler composition disposed within the bond area;wherein the polymeric filler composition comprises less than 1% of a tackifier by weight of the polymeric filler composition;wherein the polymeric filler composition is selected from the group consisting of a propylene butene copolymer, a polypropylene homopolymer, a propylene ethylene copolymer, and mixtures thereof;wherein the polymeric filler composition has a Tensile Strength at Yield of from about 0.5 MPa to about 10 MPa according to the Tensile Strength Test Method described herein; andwherein the bond area has a Peak Peel Strength of from about 0.1 N/cm to about 9 N/cm after exposure to a skin-protecting material for 24 hours according to the Laminate Peel Test Method described herein.B. The absorbent article of paragraph A, wherein the bond area comprises from 13 gsm to about 30 gsm of the polymeric filler composition; wherein the polymeric filler composition is a polypropylene homopolymer and/or a propylene ethylene copolymer; wherein the skin-protecting material is a first skin-protecting material comprising a mineral oil; wherein the Peak Peel Strength of the bond area is from about 0.15 N/cm to about 1.0 N/cm; and wherein the Tensile Strength at Yield of the polymeric filler composition is from about 4 MPa to about 7 MPa.C. The absorbent article of paragraph B, wherein the absorbent article has a Modulus of Elasticity of from about 40 MPa to about 500 MPa, according to the Modulus of Elasticity Test Method described herein.D. The absorbent article of paragraph A, wherein the bond area comprises from about 7 gsm to less than 13 gsm of the polymeric filler composition; wherein the polymeric filler composition is a polypropylene homopolymer and/or a propylene ethylene copolymer; wherein the skin-protecting material is a first skin-protecting material comprising a mineral oil; wherein the Peak Peel Strength of the bond area is from about 0.1 N/cm to about 0.5 N/cm; and wherein the Tensile Strength at Yield of the polymeric filler composition is from about 4 MPa to about 7 MPa.E. The absorbent article of paragraph D, wherein the absorbent article has a Modulus of Elasticity of from about 40 MPa to about 500 MPa, according to the Modulus of Elasticity Test Method described herein.F. The absorbent article of paragraph A, wherein the bond area comprises from about 7 gsm to less than 13 gsm of the polymeric filler composition; wherein the polymeric filler composition is a polypropylene homopolymer and/or a propylene butene copolymer; wherein the skin-protecting material is a second skin-protecting material comprising a natural oil and/or a natural extract; wherein the Peak Peel Strength of the bond area is from about 1.15 N/cm to about 2 N/cm; and wherein the Tensile Strength at Yield of the polymeric filler composition is from about 0.5 MPa to about 4.5 MPa.G. The absorbent article of paragraph F, wherein the absorbent article has a Modulus of Elasticity of from about 5 MPa to about 45 MPa, according to the Modulus of Elasticity Test Method described herein.H. The absorbent article of paragraph A, wherein the bond area comprises from 13 gsm to about 30 gsm of the polymeric filler composition; wherein the polymeric filler composition is a polypropylene homopolymer and/or a propylene butene copolymer; wherein the skin-protecting material is a second skin-protecting material comprising a natural oil and/or a natural extract; wherein the Peak Peel Strength of the bond area is from about 1.8 N/cm to about 3.0 N/cm; and wherein the Tensile Strength at Yield of the polymeric filler composition is from about 0.5 MPa to about 4.5 MPa.I. The absorbent article of paragraph H, wherein the absorbent article has a Modulus of Elasticity of from about 5 MPa to about 45 MPa, according to the Modulus of Elasticity Test Method described herein.J. The absorbent article of paragraph A, wherein the bond area comprises from about 5 gsm to about 30 gsm of the polymeric filler composition; wherein the skin-protecting material is a third skin-protecting material comprising a petroleum based material selected from the group consisting of a petrolatum, a petrolatum jelly, a white petrolatum, a soft petrolatum, a soft paraffin or paraffin wax, a multi-hydrocarbon, and mixtures thereof; wherein the Peak Peel Strength of the bond area is from about 0.4 N/cm to about 3.0 N/cm; and wherein the Tensile Strength at Yield of the polymeric filler composition is from about 0.5 MPa to about 7 MPa.K. The absorbent article of paragraph J, wherein the absorbent article has a Modulus of Elasticity of from about 5 MPa to about 400 MPa, according to the Modulus of Elasticity Test Method described herein.L. The absorbent article of paragraph A, wherein the bond area comprises from about 20 gsm to about 30 gsm of the polymeric filler composition; wherein the skin-protecting material is a third skin-protecting material comprising a petroleum based material selected from the group consisting of a petrolatum, a petrolatum jelly, a white petrolatum, a soft petrolatum, a soft paraffin or paraffin wax, a multi-hydrocarbon, and mixtures thereof; wherein the Peak Peel Strength of the bond area is from about 1.75 N/cm to about 3.0 N/cm; and wherein the Tensile Strength at Yield of the polymeric filler composition is from about 1 MPa to about 4 MPa.M. The absorbent article of paragraph L, wherein the absorbent article has a Modulus of Elasticity of from about 5 MPa to about 45 MPa, according to the Modulus of Elasticity Test Method described herein.N. The absorbent article of any preceding paragraph, wherein the polymeric filler composition is free of a tackifier.O. A method comprising:a) providing an absorbent article comprising a chassis;wherein the chassis comprises an absorbent core, a first nonwoven material, a second nonwoven material, and a bond area;wherein the bond area comprises a portion of the first nonwoven material, a portion of the second nonwoven material, and a polymeric filler composition;wherein the polymeric filler composition is disposed within the bond area;wherein the polymeric filler composition comprises less than 1% of a tackifier by weight of the polymeric filler composition;wherein the polymeric filler composition is selected from the group consisting of a propylene butene copolymer, a polypropylene homopolymer, a propylene ethylene copolymer, and mixtures thereof; andwherein the polymeric filler composition has a Tensile Strength at Yield of from about 0.5 MPa to about 10 MPa according to the Tensile Strength Test Method described herein;b) bringing the bond area in contact with a skin-protecting material;wherein the bond area has a Peak Peel Strength of from about 0.1 N/cm to about 9 N/cm after exposure to the skin-protecting material for 24 hours according to the Laminate Peel Test Method described herein.P. The method of paragraph O, wherein the bond area comprises from 13 gsm to about 30 gsm of the polymeric filler composition; wherein the polymeric filler composition is a polypropylene homopolymer and/or a propylene ethylene copolymer; wherein the skin-protecting material is a first skin-protecting material comprising a mineral oil; wherein the Peak Peel Strength of the bond area is from about 0.15 N/cm to about 1.0 N/cm; and wherein the Tensile Strength at Yield of the polymeric filler composition is from about 4 MPa to about 7 MPa.Q. The method of paragraph P, wherein the absorbent article has a Modulus of Elasticity of from about 40 MPa to about 500 MPa, according to the Modulus of Elasticity Test Method described herein.R. The method of paragraph O, wherein the bond area comprises from about 7 gsm to less than 13 gsm of the polymeric filler composition; wherein the polymeric filler composition is a polypropylene homopolymer and/or a propylene ethylene copolymer; wherein the skin-protecting material is a first skin-protecting material comprising a mineral oil; wherein the Peak Peel Strength of the bond area is from about 0.1 N/cm to about 0.5 N/cm; and wherein the Tensile Strength at Yield of the polymeric filler composition is from about 4 MPa to about 7 MPa.S. The method of paragraph R, wherein the absorbent article has a Modulus of Elasticity of from about 40 MPa to about 500 MPa, according to the Modulus of Elasticity Test Method described herein.T. The method of paragraph O, wherein the bond area comprises from about 7 gsm to less than 13 gsm of the polymeric filler composition; wherein the polymeric filler composition is a polypropylene homopolymer and/or a propylene butene copolymer; wherein the skin-protecting material is a second skin-protecting material comprising a natural oil and/or a natural extract; wherein the Peak Peel Strength of the bond area is from about 1.15 N/cm to about 2 N/cm; and wherein the Tensile Strength at Yield of the polymeric filler composition is from about 0.5 MPa to about 4.5 MPa.U. The method of paragraph T, wherein the absorbent article has a Modulus of Elasticity of from about 5 MPa to about 45 MPa, according to the Modulus of Elasticity Test Method described herein.V. The method of paragraph O, wherein the bond area comprises from 13 gsm to about 30 gsm of the polymeric filler composition; wherein the polymeric filler composition is a polypropylene homopolymer and/or a propylene butene copolymer; wherein the skin-protecting material is a second skin-protecting material comprising a natural oil and/or a natural extract; wherein the Peak Peel Strength of the bond area is from about 1.8 N/cm to about 3.0 N/cm; and wherein the Tensile Strength at Yield of the polymeric filler composition is from about 0.5 MPa to about 4.5 MPa.W. The method of paragraph V, wherein the absorbent article has a Modulus of Elasticity of from about 5 MPa to about 45 MPa, according to the Modulus of Elasticity Test Method described herein.X. The method of paragraph O, wherein the bond area comprises from about 5 gsm to about 30 gsm of the polymeric filler composition; wherein the skin-protecting material is a third skin-protecting material comprising a petroleum based material selected from the group consisting of a petrolatum, a petrolatum jelly, a white petrolatum, a soft petrolatum, a soft paraffin or paraffin wax, a multi-hydrocarbon, and mixtures thereof; wherein the Peak Peel Strength of the bond area is from about 0.4 N/cm to about 3.0 N/cm; and wherein the Tensile Strength at Yield of the polymeric filler composition is from about 0.5 MPa to about 7 MPa.Y. The method of paragraph X, wherein the absorbent article has a Modulus of Elasticity of from about 5 MPa to about 400 MPa, according to the Modulus of Elasticity Test Method described herein.Z. The method of paragraph O, wherein the bond area comprises from about 20 gsm to about 30 gsm of the polymeric filler composition; wherein the skin-protecting material is a third skin-protecting material comprising a petroleum based material selected from the group consisting of a petrolatum, a petrolatum jelly, a white petrolatum, a soft petrolatum, a soft paraffin or paraffin wax, a multi-hydrocarbon, and mixtures thereof; the Peak Peel Strength of the bond area is from about 1.75 N/cm to about 3.0 N/cm; and wherein the Tensile Strength at Yield of the polymeric filler composition is from about 1 MPa to about 4 MPa.AA. The method of paragraph Z, wherein the absorbent article has a Modulus of Elasticity of from about 5 MPa to about 45 MPa, according to the Modulus of Elasticity Test Method described herein.BB. The method of any of paragraphs O-Z, wherein the polymeric filler composition is free of a tackifier.
Test Methods
Laminate Peel Test Method

In the Laminate Peel Test Method, bonded laminates prepared from roll stock are peeled in a tensile tester to determine Peak Peel Strength using a procedure that closely follows ASTM D1876-08. Laminates can be exposed to a skin-protecting materials prior to peel to determine the Peak Peel Strength of a bond area after exposure to the skin-protecting material.

Preparation of Laminate:

A first nonwoven material and a second nonwoven material are affixed via a specified slot coating process using a bonding material to form a laminate. The bonding material may be a polymeric filler composition or a tackified adhesive composition. The first nonwoven material and the second nonwoven material used to form the laminate are 15 gsm polypropylene spunbond (SSS) with a thermal bond pattern matching that of US Design Patent D714,560 that covers approximately 13-15% of first nonwoven material and the second nonwoven material. The first nonwoven material and the second nonwoven material are provided in roll stock form and are 230 mm in width.

The bonding material is slot coated onto the first nonwoven material at a speed of 114 m/min and the total tension at the point of application is 0.5 lbs (10.5 N/m tension per unit width).

The bonding material is slot coated onto the first nonwoven material using an ITW Dynatec APEX Slot Die, from ITW Dynatec, Hendersonville TN, USA, or equivalent). The shim of the die is 0.15 mm thick and cut such that a coating of bonding material is applied in the cross-machine direction of 27 mm width and continuous in the machine direction. The bonding material flow rate for the nozzle is set such that the applied basis weight can be chosen, e.g., 10, 15, or 25±0.1 gsm.

The bonding material is maintained at a temperature ±5° C. at all points up to and including the applicator such that the viscosity of the of bonding material at the maintained temperature is within the range of 1,500 mPa·s to 10,000 mPa·s.

The overall slot coating process is performed at an ambient temperature of 21±2° C. The bonding material is applied to the first nonwoven material with the slot coat die by bringing the slot coat die into contact with the first nonwoven material supported between two non-driven web-support idlers that co-rotate with the moving first nonwoven material. Each web-support idler has a 50 mm diameter. The spacing of the web-support idlers is set to 200 mm, center to center, and the bonding material applicator's exit is set at a point 150 mm from the downstream idler's center. The bonding material applicator is pressed into the tensioned first nonwoven material between the idlers, such that the first nonwoven material is deflected 3-4 mm at the exit point of the bonding material from the slot coat die, with respect to the plane made by the first nonwoven material under tension when the bonding material applicator is absent. The angle made between the slot coat die's shim plane and the plane of the tensioned first nonwoven material when the bonding material applicator is not engaged is the pitch angle. This angle is described to be zero pitch when the planes are perpendicular to each other. During application of the bonding material to the first nonwoven material, the angle is set to zero pitch. In other words, the plane of the shim relative to the plane of the tensioned first nonwoven material when the bonding material applicator is not engaged is 900 on the side of the downstream web-support idler. The bonding material coating is centered along the length of the first nonwoven material by centering the width of the slot coat die on the cross-machine width of the first nonwoven material.

The coated first nonwoven material is then brought into contact with the second nonwoven material 165 mm after the point of coating with the bonding material to create a laminate. A compression nip is used to compress the laminate at a point 955 mm from the point of coating with the bonding material. The compression nip consists of a steel roll and a rubber coated steel roll that coaxially counter rotate while in contact with each other to create pressure between them. The steel roll and rubber roll diameters are 100 mm and the rubber coating is 20 mm thick with a Shore A hardness of 100. The steel roll and rubber coated steel roll are forced together to develop a constant pressure of 70 psi in the nip. The laminate travels through the nip and is subjected to this pressure as it travels. The laminate speed and the resulting bonded laminate is maintained at 114 m/min. After passing through the compression nip, the bonded laminate is wound onto a roll for sampling at 1.5 lbs winding tension. Laminated test panels are immediately cut from the wound roll of bonded laminate. The laminated test panels are equilibrated at 21±2° C. and 40% relative humidity for a minimum of 24 hours before further preparation and testing.

25 mm-wide bonded laminate test specimens are cut from the laminated test panels as described in ASTM D1876-08. If the bonded laminate specimens are not to be exposed to a skin-protecting material prior to peel measurement, analysis proceeds via the steps described in the Preconditioning and Measurement section of this method. If the bonded laminate is to be exposed to a skin-protecting material prior to peel measurement, the following additional sample preparation steps are followed to facilitate skin-protecting material exposure.

A skin-protecting material and the bonded laminate test specimen(s) are pre-conditioned for at least 24 hours at a relative humidity of 50±2% and at 23±1° C. After pre-conditioning, the skin-protecting material is applied to the bond area of the bonded laminate test specimen in an excess amount. Excess is defined as the greater of (1) three times the combined basis weight of the substrates and the bonding material or (2) 400 grams per square meter (gsm). The skin-protecting material is spread evenly onto both sides of the bonded laminate test specimen in the region that corresponds to the bond area. The application of the skin-protecting material is carried out under a relative humidity of 50±2% and at 23±1° C.

Preconditioning and Measurement:

Each bonded laminate test specimen, with or without skin-protecting material treatment, is placed into a glass jar, sealed, and aged for 24 hours at 37±1° C. in a convection oven. After aging, the sealed glass jar(s) containing the bonded laminate test specimen(s) are removed from the oven and opened. Each bonded laminate test specimen is conditioned for 24 hours at a relative humidity of 50±2% and at 23±1° C. before testing Peak Peel Strength.

The Peak Peel Strength of a bond area within the bonded laminate test specimen is determined by continuing to follow the T-Peel Test Method, ASTM D1876-08, with the following additional guidance. A suitable device for determining the peel strength is a universal testing system, such as a MTS Alliance series from MTS Systems Corporation, Eden Prairie, MN, or equivalent. The constant head speed is 305 mm/min, the initial grip separation is 50 mm, peel force is recorded for the crosshead travel distance corresponding to the extent in the peel direction of the bond area of the bonded laminate, and the Peak Peel Strength of a bond area is the maximum recorded peeling load value determined in newtons per centimeter of specimen width (N/cm), and each reported Peak Peel Strength of a bond area is an arithmetic mean of five to ten tests.

Tensile Strength at Yield Test Method

The Tensile Strength of a bonding material, a tackified adhesive composition, or a polymeric filler composition is determined using the Standard Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics, which consists of performing ASTM D638-14 with the following additional guidance. Ambient conditions are maintained at relative humidity of 50±2% and at 23±1° C. Polymers and hot melt adhesive compositions are cast into a shape consistent with a Type IV “dogbone” as described in FIG. 1 of ASTM D638-14 and allowed to cool to ambient conditions before conditioning the test specimens in accordance with Procedure A of ASTM Practice D618. The test proceeds with a crosshead speed of 50 mm/min.

Tensile Strength at Yield is calculated as described in section 11.2 of ASTM D638-14 and is reported as the “Tensile Strength at Yield” in units of megapascals (MPa) to the nearest 0.01 MPa.

Modulus of Elasticity Test Method

The Modulus of Elasticity of a bonding material, a tackified adhesive composition, or a polymeric filler composition is determined using the Standard Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics, which consists of performing ASTM D638-14 with the following additional guidance. Ambient conditions are maintained at relative humidity of 50±2% and at 23±1° C. Polymers and hot melt adhesive compositions are cast into a shape consistent with a Type IV “dogbone” as described inFIG.1of ASTM D638-14 and allowed to cool to ambient conditions before conditioning the test specimens in accordance with Procedure A of ASTM Practice D618. The test proceeds with a crosshead speed of 50 mm/min.

The Modulus of Elasticity is also calculated as described in section 11.4 of ASTM D638-14 and is reported as the “Modulus of Elasticity” in units of MPa to the nearest 0.01 MPa.

Viscosity Test Method

The Viscosity Parameter of a hot melt adhesive composition is determined using the Viscosity Parameter Test Method, which consists of performing ASTM D3236-15 with the following additional guidance. A Brookfield RVT viscometer with spindle SC 4-27 (Brookfield Engineering, Middleboro, MA, USA), or equivalent, is used. The sample temperature is maintained at 170.0±1.0° C., unless otherwise specified, throughout the measurement. The sample is preheated for 10 minutes and stirred with the measurement spindle for 30 min. The spindle is rotated at 20 rpm throughout the measurement. The resulting apparent viscosity, as described in section 10, is reported as the “viscosity” in units of millipascal-seconds to the nearest 100 mPa·s.

The dimensions and values disclosed herein are not to be understood as being strictly limited to the exact numerical values recited. Instead, unless otherwise specified, each such dimension is intended to mean both the recited value and a functionally equivalent range surrounding that value. For example, a dimension disclosed as “40 mm” is intended to mean “about 40 mm.”

Every document cited herein, including any cross referenced or related patent or application and any patent application or patent to which this application claims priority or benefit thereof, is hereby incorporated herein by reference in its entirety unless expressly excluded or otherwise limited. The citation of any document is not an admission that it is prior art with respect to any invention disclosed or claimed herein or that it alone, or in any combination with any other reference or references, teaches, suggests or discloses any such invention. Further, to the extent that any meaning or definition of a term in this document conflicts with any meaning or definition of the same term in a document incorporated by reference, the meaning or definition assigned to that term in this document shall govern.

While particular embodiments of the present invention have been illustrated and described, it would be obvious to those skilled in the art that various other changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. It is therefore intended to cover in the appended claims all such changes and modifications that are within the scope of this invention.