Patent ID: 12189069

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Hereinafter, one or more preferable embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the illustrated examples.

FIG.1schematically illustrates the overall structure and flow of the maintenance service for radiation detectors, including the breakage timing prediction system of radiation detectors and the radiation detector replacement system of the present invention.

As shown inFIG.1, a medical facility receiving the maintenance service has a radiation detector1A and a console2that controls imaging by the radiation detector1A. The service provider that provides the maintenance service has a server3, an inventory management system4, and a repair site6. The service provider's service person has a mobile terminal5.

Hereinafter, the radiation detector being used (or having used) in the medical facility is referred to as a radiation detector1A, and another radiation detector available for replacement with the radiation detector1A is referred to as a radiation detector1B.

FIG.2is a schematic diagram showing a cross section of the radiation detector1A (and1B, as well).

As shown inFIG.2, the radiation detector1A includes an internal module11housed in an exterior10, and the internal module11includes a radiation imaging panel13, a spacer15, a control board17a, an interface board17band the like.

The exterior10is made of carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP), for example, and is composed of a box-shaped irradiation side exterior10a, and a rear side exterior10bas a lid. The box-shaped irradiation side exterior10ahas a front surface as the irradiation surface and side portions. The irradiation side exterior10aand the rear side exterior10bare screwed together, for example, and can be easily separated. The joints of the two exteriors, the irradiation side exterior10aand the rear side exterior10b, are provided with waterproof components such as packings, which are not illustrated, to prevent liquids from entering the interior.

An adhesive layer12is provided on the inner side of the front surface of the irradiation side exterior10a. The adhesive layer12peelably attaches the internal module11to the irradiation side exterior10aby adhesion. The adhesive layer12can be a micro-adhesive tape, a micro-adhesive adhesives, or a hot melt adhesive that can be peeled off by heat. Porous materials that can fix the internal module11like a low adhesion tape, with the bubbles acting like suction cups, may also be used.

When the radiation detector1A is subject to any impact such as drops, a force of peeling the internal module11off from the irradiation side exterior10aacts. The adhesive layer12needs to be more adhesive over the peeling force in order to avoid peeling off.

The peeling force by impact is determined by the following equation (1):
Peeling force by impact (N)=Mass of Internal module 11 (kg)×Acceleration at Internal module 11 generated by impact (m/sec2)  (1)

The adhesive force of the adhesive layer12is determined by the following equation (2):
Adhesive force of Adhesive layer 12 (N)=Adhesive force per unit width (N/mm)×Adhesive width (mm)  (2)

The adhesive layer12can be adhesive enough to satisfy the following equation (3):
Adhesive force of Adhesive layer 12>Peeling force by impact×First safety factor   (3)

The first safety factor is preferably at least 1 but may be appropriately selected so that the equation (3) and the equation (4) which will be described later are satisfied.

The adhesive layer12is provided with a peeling aid12awhich serves as a retain portion when peeling the internal module11from the exterior10. The peeling aid12ais made of PET film, for example, and can be used to peel off the internal module11from the adhesive layer12by holding the peeling aid12aand pulling it toward the rear side. In this embodiment, the peeling aid12ais provided on the internal module11side of the adhesive layer12. However, it may be provided on the irradiation side exterior10aside.

A radiation imaging panel13is provided on the irradiation side of the internal module11. The radiation imaging panel13, for example, includes a scintillator and a flexible TFT that are laminated and sealed. Flexible TFTs are formed by arranging TFTs, which are a plurality of semiconductor elements and switch elements, in a matrix on the imaging surface (the side exposed to radiation) of a flexible substrate. The radiation imaging panel13is configured such that when irradiated with radiation, the scintillator emits light according to its intensity and the light is converted into electric charges by semiconductor elements (photodiodes) on the flexible TFT and output as a signal to a COF16.

FIG.3is a cross-section diagram showing a detailed example of the internal structure of a radiation imaging panel13in this embodiment. As shown inFIG.3, the radiation imaging panel13includes a scintillator13cand a TFT-formed substrate13ethat are laminated and sealed by a moisture proof sealing material13b, such as aluminum film. The TFT-formed substrate13eis a flexible substrate with resin such as polyimide. The scintillator13cand the TFT-formed substrate13eare attached to each other by adhesive or adhesive material13d. The scintillator13cand the moisture proof sealing material13bare fixed to each other by adhesive or adhesive material13a.

When the internal module11is peeled off from the irradiation side exterior10aat the time of refurbishing the radiation detector1A, the force equivalent to the adhesive force of the adhesive layer12acts on the radiation imaging panel13, as well, leading to peel off the laminated layers in the radiation imaging panel13. Once the laminated layers are peeled off in the radiation imaging panel13, the internal module11is no longer reusable. Therefore, there is a need to prevent the laminated layers in the radiation imaging panel13from peeling off.

When the peeling-off of the laminated layers in the radiation imaging panel13occurs, the peeling starts with the least adhesive layer out of the plurality of laminated layers in the radiation imaging panel13. Taking the least adhesive force as a panel delamination force, the radiation imaging panel13is preferably configured in such a manner that the panel delamination force satisfies the equation (4) below.
Panel delamination force>Adhesive force of Adhesive layer 12×Second safety factor   (4)

The second safety factor is also preferably at least 1 and may be suitably selected as with the first safety factor. The use of the adhesive layer12which satisfies the equations (3) and (4) can prevent both the damage by the peeling-off of the internal module11due to an impact such as drops, and the damage by the peeling-off in the radiation imaging panel13at the time of refurbishing the radiation imaging panel13.

In this embodiment, the first and second safety factors are both set at around 1.5 in order to satisfy both of the equations (3) and (4). The first and second safety factors may be higher when the adhesive and adhesive materials13aand13din the radiation imaging panel13are intensified to increase the panel delamination force.

Since the adhesive force increases over time immediately after attachment, a stable value after a predetermined period of time since the attachment is used. The measuring method of adhesive force may be a method such as JISZ0237, for example. Since the acting force may be a shearing force or a pulling force in the vertical direction, the measuring method may be appropriately selected based on the way the peeling-off occurs.

A shielding layer14is made of a metal (e.g., lead) that absorbs radiation and is provided between (bonded to) the radiation imaging panel13and the spacer15. The shielding layer14prevents backscattered radiation from reaching electrical circuits such as the control board17aand the interface board17b. The shielding layer14is metal and conductive, so it is connected to the ground (GND) to serve also as an electromagnetic shielding layer for the radiation imaging panel13.

The spacer15is a support for the radiation imaging panel13, and the boards such as the control board17aand the interface board17b. The spacer15can be made of metal or resin, but it is preferable to use foam for weight reduction. When a foam is used as the spacer15, it is not strong enough on its own as a support. Therefore, the overall strength is maintained by attaching it to the exterior10together with the radiation imaging panel13.

The chip on film (COF)16, which is a flexible substrate, connects the TFTs of the radiation imaging panel13to the interface board17b. On the COF16, a readout integrated circuit (ROIC), which is not illustrated, is provided. The analog signal from the radiation imaging panel13is converted to a digital signal by AD conversion.

The control board17aincludes a CPU, a ROM, a RAM, a communicator and the like. The CPU of the control board17acontrols the radiation imaging panel13, generates image data from the signals obtained by the radiation imaging panel13, and outputs the data to the console2and the like.

A sensor18is provided on the control board17a. The sensor18is an acceleration sensor that detects accelerations along three axes. The measurement values of the sensor18are output to the CPU of the control board17a.

As described in JP2018-91723A, for example, when any one of the accelerations along the X, Y and Z axes output from the sensor18exceeds a predetermined output threshold, the CPU of the control board17adetermines that an impact acceleration is detected. For each of the three axes, the CPU accumulates the acceleration at the moment exceeding the predetermined output threshold and N accelerations (N is 32, for example) before and after the acceleration at the moment in the time direction by a predetermined calculation. When the accumulated acceleration exceeds a predetermined threshold, the CPU stores the accumulated acceleration and the date and time of occurrence in the RAM as log information, which is not illustrated. The CPU transmits the stored log information to the server3at a predetermined timing by the communicator while associating the log information with information on the radiation detector1A. The information on the radiation detector1A includes, for example, the serial number, model, date of manufacture, and installation location (e.g., information on the name and address of the medical facility) of the radiation detector1A.

A rechargeable battery19is a secondary battery that supplies power to the boards, such as a lithium ion capacitor (LiC).

The console2is composed of a controller including a CPU or the like, a storage, an operation interface, a display, a communicator and the like, and is a control device that controls imaging by the radiation detector1A. The console2notifies the user by displaying on the display, for example, information on the breakage timing of the radiation detector1A output from the server3and information on the scheduled date of replacement of the radiation detector1A output from the inventory management system4, as a notifier.

The server3at the service provider collects and analyzes the impact acceleration log information transmitted from the radiation detector1A and predicts when the radiation detector1A will be broken.

FIG.4is a block diagram showing the functional configuration of the server3.

As shown inFIG.4, the server3includes a controller31, a storage32, an operation interface33, a display34, a communicator35, and the components are connected to one another via a bus36.

The controller31(first hardware processor) includes a central processing unit (CPU) and a random access memory (RAM). The CPU of the controller31reads out a system program and various processing programs stored in the storage32, loads them into the RAM, and centrally controls the operation of each part of the server3according to the loaded programs. The controller31functions as a collector, an analyzer, a breakage timing predictor, and an outputter in cooperation with the program stored in the storage32.

The storage32is composed of a nonvolatile semiconductor memory, a hard disk and the like. The storage32stores therein various programs to be executed by the controller31, parameters necessary to perform processes of the programs, and data such as process results. The programs are stored in the form of a computer readable program codes, and the controller31acts in accordance with the program code.

The storage32accumulates and stores the log information transmitted from the radiation detector1A in association with the information on the radiation detector1A. The storage32stores information on the radiation detector1A whose breakage timing has been predicted, the predicted breakage timing, and information indicating whether a replacement has been accepted or not for the radiation detector1A, in association with each other.

The operation interface33includes a keyboard including a cursor key, numeral input keys, and various function keys, and a pointing device such as a mouse. The operation interface33outputs, to the controller31, an instruction signal which was input through a key operation on the keyboard and a mouse operation performed by the user.

The display34is composed of a monitor, such as a liquid crystal display (LCD) or a cathode ray tube (CRT) and displays thereon instructions input from the operation interface33, data and so forth in accordance with instructions of display signals input from the controller31. The display34functions as a notifier.

The communicator35transmits and receives various data to and from external devices (e.g., radiation detector1A, console2, inventory management system4, etc.) connected to a communication network such as the Internet.

The inventory management system4is provided at each base of maintenance service, for example, and includes, as shown inFIG.4, a controller41, a storage42, an operation interface43, a display44and a communicator45. The components are connected to one another via a bus46.

The controller41(second hardware processor) includes a CPU and a RAM, for example. The CPU of the controller41reads out a system program and various processing programs stored in the storage42, loads them into the RAM, and centrally controls the operation of each part of the inventory management system4according to the loaded programs. The controller41functions as an identifier, a register, and a receiver in cooperation with the program stored in the storage42.

The storage42includes a nonvolatile semiconductor memory, a hard disk or the like. The storage42stores therein various programs to be executed by the controller41, parameters necessary to perform processes of the programs, and data such as process results. The programs are stored in the form of a computer readable program codes, and the controller41acts in accordance with the program code.

An inventory management data base (DB)421and a replacement management DB422are provided in the storage42.

The inventory management DB421is a database for managing the inventory of radiation detectors1B. In the inventory management DB421, information (e.g., serial number, model, date of manufacture) regarding radiation detectors1B in stock is registered.

The replacement management DB422is a database for managing replacement management information regarding an accepted replacement of the radiation detector1A. The replacement management DB422stores the replacement management information such as an acceptance number, a scheduled replacement date, information on the radiation detector1A (e.g., serial number, model, manufacturing date, installation location), and information on the radiation detector1B (e.g., serial number, model, manufacturing date) to be replaced with the radiation detector1A, in association with each other.

The configurations of the operation interface43, the display44, and the communicator45are the same as those described for the operation interface33, the display34, and the communicator35, respectively.

When the mobile terminal5receives information on the radiation detector1A that is predicted to be broken and information on the breakage timing from the server3, it serves as a notifier to notify the service person by displaying the received information on the display.

Hereinafter, a maintenance service flow for the radiation detector1A will be described with reference toFIG.1.

When an acceleration on or above a predetermined threshold is detected by the sensor18, the CPU of the radiation detector1A obtains the detected acceleration as the impact acceleration as described above. The obtained impact acceleration (e.g., the accumulated acceleration described above) is stored in a RAM as log information associated with the date and time of occurrence (Step S1).

When the predetermined timing comes, the controller31transmits the stored log information to the server3together with the information on the radiation detector1A (Step S2).

The predetermined timing may be, for example, once a day at a predetermined time, or when a certain level of impact acceleration (accumulated acceleration) is recorded.

The log information may be consolidated in the console2(stored in the storage of the console2) and then transmitted from the console2to the server3together with the information on the radiation detector1A.

When the server3receives the log information and the information on the radiation detector1A from the radiation detector1A by the communicator35, the controller31collects the received log information and stores it in the storage32(Step S3).

For example, the controller31stores the received log information in the storage32in association with the information on the radiation detector1A.

Next, the controller31analyzes the collected log information to predict when the radiation detector1A will be broken and stores the predicted results in the storage32in association with the information on the radiation detector1A (Step S4).

For example, the controller31calculates the accumulated value of the log information (accumulated acceleration) of the radiation detector1A stored in the storage32. When the accumulated value exceeds a predetermined threshold, the controller31predicts the breakage timing.

For example, a method of predicting the breakage timing is to use a table representing the correspondence between the accumulated values of the log information and the predicted breakage timing (e.g., how many days later), which is created and stored in storage32in advance. The table is created from the accumulated values of log information stored for a plurality of radiation detectors1A that were broken in the past (radiation detectors of the same model as the radiation detector1A corresponding to the received log information) and the statistical data for the period of time from the time when each of the accumulated value is calculated to the time when the corresponding radiation detector1A is actually broken. The controller31predicts the breakage timing of the radiation detector1A based on the calculated accumulated values and the table stored in storage32.

Alternatively, an accumulated value at which breakage is likely to occur may be set as the breakage threshold based on data in the past, the accumulated value and the date and time of recording it may be stored as history data for each of radiation detectors1A, and the gradient of the accumulated value increasing with time may be calculated from the history data. The date and time when the accumulated value reaches the breakage threshold may be estimated as the breakage timing by extrapolating the gradient to the history data.

Alternatively, artificial intelligence (AI) such as machine learning may be used to predict when radiation detector1A will be broken. For example, a learned model that has learned the correlation between the accumulated values and the breakage timing may be created based on multiple data sets consisting of a combination of the accumulated values of log information for a plurality of radiation detectors1A that were broken in the past (radiation detectors of the same model as the radiation detector1A corresponding to the received log information) and the time periods from the time when the accumulated values are calculated to the time when the radiation detectors1A were actually broken. Then the breakage timing may be predicted by inputting the accumulated value to the created learned model. The breakage threshold and history data mentioned above may be used as training data.

Next, the controller31outputs the information on the radiation detector1A and the predicted breakage timing in association with each other (Step S5).

In Step S5, the controller31outputs the information on the radiation detector1A and the predicted breakage timing to, for example, the display34of the server3and/or an audio output unit not shown in the figures. Alternatively, the controller31outputs the information to the console2, the inventory management system4, and the mobile terminal5of the service person via the communicator35. If the radiation detector1A has a display, the controller31may also output the information to the radiation detector1A.

The output of Step S5is preferably performed when the breakage timing (the period of time until breakage; the number of days, for example) is on or below a predetermined threshold. By outputting only information on radiation detectors1A that are about to be broken, the service person and the user can easily identify a radiation detector1A that needs to be replaced.

Through the display34, the audio output unit, the console2, the inventory management system4and the mobile terminal5to which the information on the radiation detector1A and the information on the predicted breakage timing have been output, the information on radiation detector1A and the information on the predicted breakage timing are notified to a user and service person (Steps S6to S9).

In Steps S6to S9, each device outputs (displays) the information on the radiation detector1A and the predicted breakage timing to notify the user or service person.

The console2notifies the user of the information on the radiation detector1A and the predicted breakage timing, so that the user can be alerted to delay the breakage or limit its use. In addition, the inventory management system4and mobile terminal5notify the information on the radiation detector1A and the predicted breakage timing, so that the service person can identify the radiation detector1A that needs to be replaced and perform a replacement.

In addition, by indicating on the display of the radiation detector1A that the breakage timing is coming, it is possible to alert the user. When the service person replaces the radiation detector1A, it is easy for him to recognize that the radiation detector1A to be replaced, which can eliminate errors.

In the inventory management system4, when displaying the notification on the display44, the controller41, for example, also displays a replacement request button to instruct implementation of the replacement service. When the replacement request button is pressed on the operation interface43, the controller41transmits to the server3that the replacement of the radiation detector1A has been requested and registers the replacement management information on the radiation detector1A in the replacement management DB422so as to accept the replacement request of the radiation detector1A (Step S10).

For example, when the replacement request button is pressed, the controller41issues an acceptance ID, displays the replacement request screen on the display44, and receives input such as a scheduled replacement date. The controller41registers the acceptance ID, acceptance date and time, scheduled replacement date and information on radiation detector1A in the exchange management DB422as the replacement management information. The scheduled replacement date may be automatically determined by the controller41based on the predicted breakage timing of the radiation detector1A.

Next, the controller41refers to the inventory management DB421, identifies a radiation detector1B to be used for the replacement with the radiation detector1A from inventory, and then adds it to the replacement management information of the exchange management DB422(Step S11).

For example, the controller41identifies a radiation detector1B for replacement by searching the database421for an inventory of the same model as the radiation detector1A based on the information on the radiation detector1A output from the server3, and then displays the information (e.g., serial number, model, date of manufacture) on the identified radiation detector1B on the replacement reception screen of the display44and registers the replacement management information of the radiation detector1A of the exchange management DB422. The controller41deletes the information on the identified radiation detectors1B from the inventory management DB421.

When displaying the notification on the mobile terminal5, the replacement request button may also be displayed in the same manner, so that an input related to replacement request can be performed on the mobile terminal5.

Next, the controller41outputs (transmits) the notification information such as the scheduled replacement date to the radiation detector1A or the console2using the communicator45(Step S12).

The radiation detector1A or console2notifies the user by displaying the scheduled replacement date and the like on the display (Step S13).

In response to an instruction to create a replacement route on a specified date using the operation interface43(or mobile terminal5), the controller41may extract replacement management information having the scheduled replacement date of the specified date and time from the exchange management DB422, create the replacement route based on the installation location of the radiation detector1A to be replaced, and display the replacement route on the display34(or mobile terminal5).

On the scheduled replacement date, the service person visits the medical facility where the radiation detector1A to be replaced is installed, brings the replacement radiation detector1B that has been identified in advance, and replaces the radiation detector1A with the radiation detector1B (Step S14). The service person then removes the radiation detector1A from the medical facility and transport it to the repair site6(Step S15).

If the service person is unable to visit the medical facility due to various reasons, only the radiation detector1B may be sent and the user may perform the replacement work. In this case, the user can easily perform the replacement work by setting the radiation detector1B while receiving instructions from the service person via remote communication or by following the guidance displayed on the console2using the remote maintenance function. The replaced radiation detector1A is returned to the service provider by the user. Radiation detectors may be sent and returned using a specialized carrier or a common courier service.

After the replacement, the service person records the replacement completion date in the replacement management information of the replaced radiation detector1A in the exchange management DB422using the operation interface43(or mobile terminal5).

At the repair site6, the radiation detector1A is refurbished (Step S16).

For example, the exterior10of the radiation detector1A is replaced with a new one, and if necessary, the internal parts are also repaired or replaced to make a refurbished radiation detector1A′.

As described above, the internal module11of the radiation detector1A in this embodiment is peelably attached to the inner surface of the exterior10, so that the internal module11can be easily peeled off from the exterior10and the exterior10can be replaced during repair.

For example, as shown inFIG.5, the rear side exterior10bof the radiation detector1A is removed from the irradiation side exterior10a, and the internal module11can be peeled off from the irradiation side exterior10aby pulling the peeling aid12a. The control board17a, interface board17b, rechargeable battery19and the like may be removed before peeling off the internal module11. By keeping the maximum curvature of the internal module11during peeling to a radius of 20 cm or more, the internal module11can be peeled off without affecting the TFTs and scintillators of the radiation imaging panel13. The peeling off may occur at the interface between the adhesive layer12and the radiation imaging panel13, or the interface between the irradiation side exterior10aand the adhesive layer12.

The peeling aid12ais preferably provided on the side where there is no COF16. The risk of damaging the COF16during peeling can be lowered.

The radiation detector1A′ whose parts such as the exterior10have been replaced or repaired is registered as a radiation detector1B in the inventory of the service location in the inventory management DB421(Step S17) and is operated as a new service inventory for the maintenance service (Step S18).

The refurbished radiation detector1A′ may be sold as a low-cost product.

Thus, in the maintenance service shown inFIG.1the breakage timing based on the log information of the sensor18of radiation detector1A can be predicted, and the radiation detector1A can be replaced before the exterior10is broken, thereby the downtime at the medical facility can be significantly reduced. In addition, since the exterior10can be repaired or replaced before it is broken, the radiation imaging panel13and other parts inside can be reused for refurbished products, thereby the cost incurred by the maintenance service and passed on to the user can be significantly reduced.

As described above, the radiation detector1A has a sensor18that detects the applied impact acceleration, and the controller31of the server3of the maintenance service collects the impact acceleration detected by the sensor18, analyzes the collected impact acceleration, and predicts the breakage timing of the radiation detector1A. The console2, the display34of server3, the display44of inventory management system4, and the mobile terminal5notifies information on the predicted breakage timing of the radiation detector1A.

Therefore, the user of the radiation detector1A or the service person is able to learn the breakage timing of the radiation detector1A, which enables them to repair or replace the radiation detector1A before it becomes unusable, thereby reducing downtime and costs due to radiation detector breakage.

The radiation detector1A includes a radiation imaging panel13having a flexible substrate and a semiconductor element formed on the imaging surface of the substrate, which can prevent the substrate from being broken by a shock to become suddenly unusable unlike a conventional radiation detector having semiconductor elements on a glass substrate.

Since the breakage timing of the radiation detector1A is predicted by accumulating the impact acceleration in the analysis, it is possible to predict the breakage timing with high accuracy.

In addition, the inventory management system4has the inventory management DB421in which information on radiation detector1B in stock is registered. The controller41specifies the radiation detector1B to be replaced with the radiation detector1A that is predicted to be broken based on the information on the radiation detector1B registered in the inventory management DB421. Therefore, it is possible to replace the radiation detector1A that is predicted to be broken with the appropriate radiation detector1B.

Since the controller41registers information on the radiation detector whose parts have been replaced or repaired in the inventory management DB421, the radiation detector whose parts have been replaced or repaired can be managed as the inventory of the replacement radiation detector1B.

The controller41of the inventory management system4accepts the replacement of the radiation detector1A based on the notified information on the breakage timing of the radiation detector1A and stores the replacement management information of the radiation detector1A to the exchange management DB422.

Accordingly, the replacement of the radiation detector1A can be accepted at the appropriate time. This can also simplify the effort of the user and service person for the replacement of radiation detector1A.

The description in the above embodiment is a preferable example of maintenance service using the breakage timing prediction system, replacement system, analysis device, and analysis method for radiation detectors according to the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto.

For example, in the above embodiment, the collection and analysis (prediction of the breakage timing) of the log information is performed on the server3, but it can also be performed in the radiation detector1A or console2.

The server3and the inventory management system4may be integrated. In other words, the server3may also serve as the inventory management system4.

In the above embodiment, the case of predicting the breakage timing using the impact acceleration detected by the sensor18as a physical quantity applied to the radiation detector1A is described as an example. However, instead of or in addition to the sensor18that detects the impact acceleration, a sensor that detects angular velocity or gravity acceleration may be provided in the radiation detector1A, and the detection results of these sensors may be used to predict the breakage timing. Further, a sensor that detects at least one of temperature, humidity, air pressure, amount of strain, pressure, and amount of light may be provided in the radiation detector1A, and the results of such detection may be taken into account to predict the breakage timing.

The above description discloses an example of using a hard disk, a semiconductor nonvolatile memory or the like as the computer readable medium of the program according to the present invention. However, the present invention is not limited to the example. A portable recording medium such as a CD-ROM can be applied as the computer readable medium. A carrier wave is also applied as a medium providing the program data according to the present invention via a communication line.

As for the other detailed configurations and detailed operations of each device of the maintenance service, modifications can be made as needed within the scope of the present invention.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been described and illustrated in detail, the disclosed embodiments are made for purposes of illustration and example only and not limitation. The scope of the present invention should be interpreted by terms of the appended claims.