Patent ID: 12226037

Like reference symbols in the various drawings indicate like elements.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF ILLUSTRATIVE EMBODIMENTS

To aid understanding, this document is organized as follows. First, an exemplary artificial tree featuring multi-channel axial electrical interfaces and multi-channel signal path(s) integrated within the central pole is briefly introduced with reference toFIGS.1-2. Then, with reference toFIGS.3-4, exemplary user interfaces that permit selection of a preferred light pattern channel for singular or group of branch segments are described. Next, the discussion turns to an exemplary embodiment of a controller inFIG.5. Then, with reference toFIG.6, further explanatory discussion is presented to explain exemplary processing of multi-channel signal(s) received from the controller. Then, with reference toFIGS.7A-10D, various orientation-independent and self-aligning connection assemblies are illustrated for use with a single or multi-channel artificial tree apparatus. An exemplary multichannel system is described with reference toFIG.11. Finally,FIGS.12-16depict exemplary configurations for distributing operating power and serial control commands to individual light string elements.

FIG.1depicts, in an exploded view, an exemplary artificial tree apparatus with multi-channel signals distributed via the tree column. An artificial tree apparatus100provides decoration and dynamic, complex, time-varying, multi-channel illumination. In an exemplary embodiment, the artificial tree apparatus100is in the shape of a Christmas tree, although the loads could be applied to another decoration, edifice, or substrate. By way of example and not limitation, the artificial tree apparatus100of this example may be of various heights, such as for example 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, or 8 feet in overall height.

The artificial tree apparatus100includes a base105for providing self-standing upright support of the artificial tree apparatus100. In some embodiments, the base105may be secured rigidly to a floor surface. In other embodiments, the base105may be movable along the floor surface. Although not shown in this example, the base105may rotate the tree about its longitudinal axis. In such event, the electrical contact may be maintained, for example, via slip ring contacts, to avoid twisting of an electrical cord.

Extending vertically from the base105is a plurality of trunk segments110,115,120,125. The number of trunk segments110,115,120,125may depend upon the overall height preference of the artificial tree apparatus100. In some exemplary embodiments, only 2-3 trunk segments may be used. In other exemplary embodiments, 4-6 trunk segments may be used to achieve a greater overall height of the artificial tree apparatus100. The length of each trunk segment110,115,120,125may be the same in some exemplary embodiments. The trunk segments110,115,120,125may employ a circular cross-section in some exemplary embodiments. The circular cross-section of the trunk segments110,115,120,125permits the trunk segments to be connected in any radial orientation relative to the connecting trunk segments110,115,120,125that are being connected in a non-radial dependent manner.

Other cross-sectional shapes may provide for a more limited connection arrangement. For example, a square cross-sectional shape of the trunk segments would only permit4radially different positions of adjacent-connecting trunk segments. Examples that incorporate orientation-dependent alignment of trunk segments are described with reference, for example, to at least FIG. 2 of U.S. Pat. No. 8,053,042, to Loomis, J., the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

In another exemplary embodiment, some trunk segments110,115,120,125may be shorter or longer than other trunk segments110,115,120,125to achieve a desired visual and/or lighting effect. For example, the trunk segments110,115,120,125may be assembled in a preferred order of emitted light pattern. Different trunk segments110,115,120,125may be pre-programmed (e.g., hard-wired or executing a programmed set of instructions stored on a data store) to output a different predetermined light pattern scheme, for example. Such schemes may involve a visually perceptible effect based on, for example, a combination of spectral, temporal (e.g., phase, frequency), and modulation waveform differentiations. A first trunk segment may be configured to output green light, a second trunk segment may be configured to output red light, and a third trunk segment may be configured to output blinking white light, for example. The term “light pattern” herein may refer to various lighting effects, such as for example the light color, the light hue, the light increasing or decreasing brightness or intensity, the light on/off sequence, such as blinking fast, blinking slow, or other lighting effects such as simply turning the light on or off

As shown, each trunk segment110,115,120,125includes an axial electrical connector130configured as a plug to mate with another axial electrical connector135configured as a socket. In assembly, the trunk segments110,115,120,125and respective axial electrical connectors130,135longitudinally align when being connected. The plug axial electrical connector130may be oriented in any radial position relative the socket axial electrical connector135when connecting trunk segments110,115,120,125, thus being non-radial dependent. By permitting independent and free rotation of the axial electrical connectors130,135during assembly, the artificial tree apparatus100becomes easy and quick to assemble. Furthermore, the axial symmetry permits the user a degree of freedom to independently adjust the relative angle between any of the segments110-125, as may be desired by the user.

Extending from each trunk segment110,115,120,125are one or more branch segments140,145,150,155. In an exemplary embodiment, the branch segments140,145,150,155are shaped to resemble tree limbs. For example, the branch segments140,145,150,155may be shaped to resemble Pine tree boughs.

In the depicted embodiment, each branch segment140,145,150,155includes one or more integral light emitting devices160,165,170,175for emitting a light pattern. In some embodiments, the light emitting devices160,165,170,175may include light emitting diodes (LEDs). In some embodiments, the light emitting devices160,165,170,175may include incandescent bulbs. Each load of the light emitting devices160,165,170,175may be configured to emit a predetermined light patterns that may be different (e.g., independent) with respect to the other light emitting devices160,165,170,175on the same or different branch segment140,145,150,155. For example, a first group of lighting devices160on a first group of branch segments140may output a slow blinking light pattern in a red color. A second group of lighting devices165on a second group of branch segments145may output a fast blinking light pattern in a blue color. A third group of lighting devices170on a third group of branch segments150may output an alternately increasing and decreasing intensity green light pattern. A fourth group of lighting devices175on a fourth group of branch segments155may output a non-periodic (e.g., constant) white light pattern.

In the case that one or more light emitting devices160,165,170,175or strings of light emitting devices burn-out, the branch segment140,145,150,155may be removed from the trunk segment110,115,120,125and a replacement branch segment may be connected.

The artificial tree apparatus100includes a control system180to generate and transmit command signals to the light emitting devices160,165,170,175. In some embodiments, the control system180may include a controller located at (or within) the base105of the artificial tree apparatus100. The command signals may be sent through internal wiring extending within the trunk segments110,115,120,125and the branch segments140,145,150,155to the light emitting devices160,165,170,175. The axial electrical connectors130,135provide a pathway between trunk segments110,115,120,125for the command signals, which may include power, data, and/or control signals in analog and/or digital formats. In some exemplary embodiments, the control system180is located within the base105of the artificial tree apparatus100. The control system180permits independent operation of the light emitting devices160,165,170,175. In an exemplary embodiment, the control system180generates and transmits a first command signal that is transmitted to a first group of light emitting devices160upon the first branch segments140and generates a separate and distinct command signal that is transmitted to a second group of light emitting devices165upon the second branch segments145.

A power cord185and plug190is shown to provide power to the light emitting devices160,165,170,175and to the control system180. In an exemplary embodiment, AC power received by the power cord185and plug190may be converted to low voltage DC power and then delivered to the light emitting devices160,165,170,175. The low voltage DC power causes the light emitting devices160,165,170,175to illuminate at the pre-determined light pattern. In other exemplary embodiments, a battery pack may be provided to power the control system180and/or the light emitting devices160,165,170,175.

The artificial apparatus100provides a coupling arrangement of the trunk segments110,115,120,125to permit independent relative rotation of adjacent connecting trunk segments110,115,120,125thus permitting easy connection in that the adjacent trunk segments110,115,120,125may be connected at and operate from any radially angular position relative to each other and to the longitudinal axis. Additionally, the coupling arrangement provides for electrical current and other important command information to be carried via internal pathways and connectors130,135extending within and from each of the trunk segments110,115,120,125.

FIG.2depicts exemplary first and second trunk segments longitudinally aligned for connection. A first trunk segment200is configured to electrically and mechanically attach to a second trunk segment205while permitting the first trunk segment200to be positioned at any radial angle (e.g., non-radial dependent) relative to the second trunk segment205and still employ a secure electrical and mechanical connection. The trunk segments are substantially aligned and symmetric with respect to a longitudinal axis. For example, the first trunk segment200may be positioned at a 0 degree radial angle relative to a reference point upon the second trunk segment205. In another example, the first trunk segment200may be positioned at a 90 degree radial angle relative to the same reference point upon the second trunk segment205and still employ the same electrical and mechanical connection as the relative 0 degree angle connection.

In the depicted example, the first trunk segment200includes a hollow sleeve210extending from one end. The sleeve210extends along a longitudinal axis of the first trunk segment200. Extending from the first trunk segment200within the sleeve210is a first axial electrical connector215in the shape of a (male) plug. The first axial electrical connector215is concentric with the sleeve210to permit free radial rotation about the longitudinal axis and relative the second trunk segment205during or after attachment. The first axial electrical connector215includes a plurality of contacts220,225,230, each separated by an insulator235. Each contact220,225,230may be configured to carry an independent electrical signal. In an exemplary embodiment, a first contact220is configured to carry a power signal, a second contact225is configured for ground (e.g., signal return), and a third contact230is configured to carry an electrical command signal representative of a light pattern.

The longitudinally recessed location of the first axial electrical connector215within the sleeve210protects the first axial electrical connector215from damage during assembly, disassembly, and storage of the trunk segments200,205, and ensures proper coaxial alignment of the axial electrical connector215prior to engagement. In addition, the overlapping stability of the cylindrical walls of the corresponding trunk segments200,205provides greater strength and stability to the coupled trunk segments200,205of the artificial tree apparatus when installed.

The second trunk segment205includes a diametrically recessed portion240along an end which has a lesser outer diameter than the inner diameter of the sleeve210of the first trunk segment200such that the recessed portion240is received within the sleeve210. Extending inwardly from the end of the second trunk segment205is a second axial electrical connector245in the shape of a (e.g., female) socket for receiving the first axial electrical connector215. The first axial electrical connector215of the first trunk segment200is recessed some distance from the end of the first trunk segment200and within the internal cavity of the sleeve210so that the first trunk segment200can slide onto the recessed portion240of the second trunk segment205and engage the second trunk segment205to mate the first axial electrical connector215with the second axial electrical connector245of the second trunk segment205. The reduced diameter recessed portion240of the second trunk segment205can freely rotate within the sleeve210of the first trunk segment200even when the first and second axial electrical connectors215,245are fully coupled together.

Like the first axial electrical connector215, the second axial electrical connector245includes a corresponding plurality of contacts250,255,260to electrically connect with respective contacts220,225,230of the first axial electrical connector215. The provision of single or multiple channels carried on the single axial plug of the first axial electrical connector215and the corresponding axial socket of the second axial electrical connector245enables free rotation of the axial electrical connectors235,245, obviating the need to rotationally align the trunk segments200,205prior to assembly of the artificial tree apparatus.

In various embodiments, releasable galvanic communication may be made between corresponding contact terminals of the connectors215,245by, for example, by employing compliant contacts that provide adjustable radial depth to accommodate axial connection and disconnection.

FIG.3depicts an exemplary branch segment for coupling to a trunk segment with a user interface. A trunk segment300is shown having a user interface305with a first radial receptacle310, a second radial receptacle315, and third radial receptacle320. The first radial receptacle310may connect to a first signal wire internal to the trunk segment300that is configured to carry a first electrical command signal. The second radial receptacle315may connect to a second signal wire internal to the trunk segment300that is configured to carry a second electrical command signal. The third radial receptacle320may connect to a third signal wire internal to the trunk segment300that is configured to carry a third electrical command signal. The electrical command signals may be different from each other to represent different light patterns. Each branch segment325may be connected to a preferred radial receptacle310,315,320thus permitting different branch segments325to emit different light patterns by the respective electrical command signals. In some implementations, the radial receptacles310-320may carry a plurality of signals, for example, including power and at least one data signal containing encoded information associated with a command signal for modulating the load output intensity, for example.

For example, the first electrical command signal may be representative of a first light color, the second electrical command signal may be representative of a second light color, and the third electrical command signal may be representative of a third light color. In another exemplary embodiment, the first electrical command signal may be representative of a blinking light, the second electrical command signal may be representative of a solid light, and the third electrical command signal may be representative of a modulating light.

In the depicted example, a radial plug330extends from the branch segment325. The branch segment325may include a branch member335to mimic the shape of a tree branch. The branch segment325has one or more light emitting devices340. The radial plug330is connected via insertion to the user-selected radial receptacle310,315,320that is configured to emit the preferred electrical command signal. If a different electrical command signal is later preferred, the radial plug330may be removed from the radial receptacle310,315,320currently in use and reinserted into a different radial receptacle310,315,320. If all radial receptacles310,315,320corresponding to the same electrical command signal on each trunk segment300are desired to be altered to correspond to a different electrical command signal, a control system may be configured to output a different electrical command signal to the corresponding group of radial receptacles310,315,320. In some exemplary embodiments, the user interface305and radial receptacles310,315,320form a portion of the control system.

FIG.4depicts another exemplary branch segment for coupling to a trunk segment with a user interface. A trunk segment400is shown having a radial receptacle405and a user interface410comprising a multi-position control switch415. As shown, the control switch415includes a first position, a second position, a third position, and a fourth position. The first position may be representative of a first electrical command signal, the second position may be representative of a second electrical command signal, the third position may be representative of a third electrical command signal and the fourth position may be representative of a fourth electrical command signal.

A branch segment420having a radial plug425is aligned with the radial receptacle405. The branch segment420includes a branch member430for carrying one or more light emitting devices435. The radial plug425is connected via insertion to the radial receptacle405. The control switch415position is adjusted to output a corresponding electrical command signal to the light emitting devices435upon the branch segment420. If the light pattern is desired to be changed, the control switch410may be adjusted to output a different electrical command signal. If none of the electrical command signals available via the control switch410positions are desired, a control system may be configured to correspond one or more of the control switch410positions with an alternative electrical command signal corresponding to a different light modulation or pattern. In some exemplary embodiments, the user interface410and radial receptacle405may form a portion of the control system. In various embodiments, the user interface415, alone or integrated with a controller, may advantageously be disposed at a convenient height for access by a user in a standing position, which may be, for example, one meter or more above the floor on which the base is resting. In some embodiments, the controller may be hidden by decorative or ornamental items on or proximate the controller housing.

FIG.5depicts an exemplary controller used in a control system for outputting independent multi-channel signals. A controller500is shown which may form an entire or a portion of a control system used to generate, process, and/or transmit one or more channels of command signals for distribution via the central trunk segments to loads, which may include light strings capable of illuminating light patterns in response to the command signals. The controller500includes a power input and a ground input that may lead to a power switch505controlled by user input.

In various implementations, the power input signal may be AC or DC. If required, the controller500may include an AC to DC converter to convert the input power. Further power conditioning may be incorporated, for example, to provide appropriate filtering, power factor correction, electromagnetic interference suppression/mitigation, and/or attenuation or boosting, as appropriate for the application. In some embodiments, outputs of the controller may be configured to regulate or limit current and/or voltage supplied to a particular load. In some embodiments an upstream controller500may control operation of the power switch505.

Output from the controller500includes a DC output and a ground output. In some embodiments, the DC output may pass-through and be substantially the same amplitude as the Power Input (DC) voltage such that the DC passes-through the controller500without being substantially attenuated. In some embodiments, the power switch505may be omitted.

The controller500depicted in this example is programmable and includes a processor510(e.g., CPU), random access memory (RAM)515, non-volatile memory (NVM)520which may have embedded code525, and a communications port530. The processor510may receive and execute the code525to perform various digital or analog control functions. The processor510may be a general purpose digital microprocessor510which controls the operation of the controller500. The processor510may be a single-chip processor510or implemented with multiple components. Using instructions retrieved from memory, the processor510may control reception and manipulations of input data and the output data or excitation signals. RAM may be used by the processor510as a general storage area and as scratch-pad memory, and can also be used to store input data and processed data.

The exemplary controller500also includes a user interface540controlled by user input and an analog interface545controlled by analog input. The user interface540may include dials, such as for example timing dials, frequency dials, or amplitude control dials. The user interface540may include switches or control buttons, such as for example amplitude changing controls, channel changing controls, or frequency changing controls. The switches or control buttons may correspond to various light patterns that may involve, for example, light colors, modulation patterns (e.g., pulsed, triangular, sinusoidal, or rectangular waveforms), light intensities, or light blinking rates. The user interface540and the analog interface545, as well as the processor510, memory, and communications are connected to a control module550.

A communications network535may communicate with the communications port530and may be utilized to send and receive data over a network535connected to other controllers500or computer systems. An interface card or similar device and appropriate software may be implemented by the processor510to connect the controller500to an existing network535and transfer data according to standard protocols. The communications network535may also communicate with upstream or downstream controllers500, such as for example to activate or deactivate upstream or downstream controllers500. In some embodiments, the communications network535may be suited for routing master-slave commands to or from the downstream controller500. In the embodiment, the controllers500may include suitable circuitry for interpreting the master-slave command. Commands sent to upstream or downstream controllers500may be sent through power line carrier modes, optical (e.g., infrared, visible), sound (e.g., audible, ultrasonic, subsonic modulation), or wireless (e.g., Bluetooth, Zigbee) modes, for example.

The exemplary control module550includes a plurality of function generators555,560,565each for outputting one or more predetermined or user-configured waveforms to a corresponding channel. In one mode, the function generators555,560,565may operate independently of one another. In a second mode, the function generators555,560,565may operate with, for example, different temporal, phase shift, or waveforms aspects. In some examples, some or all of the function generators555-565may be synchronized to each other, or to external clock source signal, for example. The function generators555,560,565may receive pre-stored data for outputting predetermined waveforms or may receive user-configured data from user input to generate unique and customizable waveforms. In some embodiments, the waveforms generated may be electrical waveforms which control and regulate output lumens from one or more lights upon a light string. In some examples, the control module550may also include a switch timing control570which may use a duty cycle to generate control signals for use by the function generators555,560,565. In some embodiments, the control signals may be timed to produce predetermined current waveforms at predetermined frequencies or intervals. By way of example and not limitation, exemplary composite effects may include, but are not limited to, walking, waterfall, random, or a combination of such effects.

In some embodiments, the waveforms generated by the function generators555,560,565may comprise one or more frequencies. In some embodiments, the waveforms generated may cause a blinking effect among the connected lights. In some embodiments, the waveforms generated may cause a steady-on effect among the connected lights. In some embodiments, the waveforms generated may cause a dimming effect among the connected lights. In some embodiments, the waveforms generated may cause a dimming effect followed by a steady-on effect among the connected lights. In some embodiments, the waveforms generated may cause a blinking effect followed by a dimming effect followed by a steady-on effect among the connected lights.

FIG.6depicts another exemplary system for processing independent multichannel signals. A control system600includes a main controller605and a plurality of multiplexers610,615that may receive addressed command signals from the main controller605and output electrical command signals, for example as via a buffer or a pass-through. In the depicted example, the first multiplexer module610and associated circuitry is electrically connected to radial receptacles620on a first trunk segment625. A second multiplexer module615and associated circuitry is electrically connected to a radial receptacle630on a second trunk segment635. The trunk segments625,635may be electrically connected via the exemplary axial electrical connectors640,645.

Each multiplexer610,615is in signal communication with the controller605via a command wire650and a plurality of channel wires655,660,665. The command wires650may carry an electrical command signal indicative of a command for a specific addressed multiplexer610,615to read and transmit a specific channel wire655,660,665. Power and ground wires may also be incorporated within one or more of the command or channel wires650,655,660,665, or incorporated as stand-alone wires to provide power to the light emitting devices and internal circuitry. The wires and circuitry are located internal to the trunk segments625,635and may be internal or be routed along axial electrical connectors640,645connecting the trunk segments625,635.

In some implementations, the command wire650may also serve as a power delivering signal from a low impedance source so as to deliver operating voltage and current to supply one or more load devices. In such examples, to provide for communication over the power line650, the multiplexer modules610,615may each be equipped with frequency selective receivers that can detect demodulate command signals that are modulated on top of the power line power delivering signal, which may be low voltage DC, for example, or 60 Hz AC, for example, as carried on the command wire650. In various examples, a suitable frequency selective receiver may include an analog filter, a digital filter implemented in hardware, a digital filter implemented in software, or a combination of these, to selectively detect and extract a modulated command signal on the carrier power signal. Various modulation schemes may be used, including but not limited to phase, frequency, or amplitude modulation.

Each multiplexer610,615may be assigned a predetermined unique address for selectively determining which signal commands to react to. For example, the first multiplexer610may have address 0001 and the second multiplexer615may have address 0002. Further, each channel wire655,660,665may have a distinct address, such as “A”, “B”, and “C” for example. In an exemplary embodiment, the main controller605may send a serial command signal along the command wire650, such as 0001A0002B for example. The command signal may be interpreted by the multiplexer 0001 illustrated as the first multiplexer610to read channel wire “A” illustrated as wire655and transmit the respective command signal on wire “A” to the connected light emitting devices since address “A” follows the address of the first multiplexer610. Since channel address “B” follows the multiplexer address 0002 illustrated as multiplexer615, the second multiplexer615may be programmed to read channel wire “B” illustrated as wire660and transmit the respective electrical signal carried on channel wire “B” to the connected light emitting devices. Accordingly, some embodiments of a control scheme may dynamically control the routing of signals on any of wires655-665to any selected load, such as the loads connected to any selected one of the radial receptacles620,630. Such control schemes may be implemented by operation of a controller, an example of which is described with reference toFIG.5.

If a manual or automatic preferred channel change were made to one or more of the multiplexer610,615or main controller605, the main controller605may be configured to send out an electrical command signal referencing only the multiplexer610,615that was changed. For example, if the second multiplexer610were changed to read and transmit channel “C” illustrated by wire665via a control switch or other adjustment device, the main controller605may transmit an electrical command signal having data 0002C. Since the electrical command signal does not reference multiplexer 0001, the first multiplexer610ignores the command and the command is only read and acted upon by the second multiplexer615addressed 0002.

Various embodiments include exemplary addressing schemes that may be illustrative of the flexible configurations achievable with a multi-channel system with signal distribution in a trunk signals.

In some implementations, information and/or command signals may be conveyed axially via an optical path. In some examples, information and/or command signals may be coupled between trunk segments using galvanically-isolated electrical ports, for example, formed of magnetic flux coupling (e.g., transformer coupling), capacitive coupling, optical coupling, either alone or in some combination.

FIGS.7A-7Bdepict an exemplary orientation-independent multi-channel signal interface connection assembly. A connection assembly includes a first connector700and a second connector705. The first connector700and the second connector705may be formed integrally with the trunk segments and/or the branch segments as described herein to permit connection of trunk segments and/or branch segments in any radial orientation relative to each other. Also shown are a series of first electrical connectors710extending from the first connector700and a second electrical connector715formed within the second connector segment705. The first electrical connectors710may be formed of a male-plug type and the second electrical connector715may be formed of a female plug type. In some embodiments, the connectors710may be spring-based pins that can adjust to small imperfections in the depth of the coupling connection to between the connector705and the connector715.

The second electrical connector715may include an electrically conductive medium720for electrically receiving the first electrical connectors710and permitting the first electrical connectors710to be received within the second electrical connector715in any radial orientation. As seen in the top view of the connector705shown inFIG.7B, axially symmetric concentric conductive rings720are separated by axially-symmetric concentric non-conductive separator rings. In making an electrical mating, a distal tip of each of the connectors710fits within or between adjacent separator rings to substantially prevent electrical shorting.

In some embodiments, the conductive rings720may be formed of a conductive gel substance, or a conductive metal (e.g., by way of example and not limitation, copper, nickel, brass, gold or a combination thereof). In some embodiments, each first electrical connector710may transmit a different electrical signal.

FIGS.8A-8Cdepict another exemplary orientation-independent multi-channel signal interface connection assembly.FIG.8Adepicts an exemplary first connector800.FIG.8BandFIG.8Cdepict an exemplary sectional view and an exemplary upper perspective view of a second connector805. The first connector segment800and the second connector segment805may be formed integrally with the trunk segments and/or the branch segments, respectively, as described herein to permit connection of trunk segments and/or branch segments in any radial orientation relative each other. Also shown are a series of first electrical connectors810extending from the first connector segment800and a second electrical connector815formed within the second connector segment805. The first electrical connectors810may be formed of a male-plug type and the second electrical connector815may be formed of a female plug type.

The second electrical connector815may include an electrically conductive medium820for electrically receiving the first electrical connectors810and permitting the first electrical connectors810to be received within the second electrical connector815in any radial orientation. In some embodiments, the conductive medium820may be formed of a conductive gel substance. In some embodiments, each first electrical connector810may transmit a different electrical signal (e.g., power, commands, information), such as a different signal channel.

FIGS.9A-9Ddepict an exemplary self-aligning multi-channel signal interface connection assembly.FIG.9AandFIG.9Bdepict an exemplary first connector900in plan and perspective side views.FIG.9CandFIG.9Ddepict an exemplary top view and an exemplary sectional view of a second connector905. The first connector segment900and the second connector segment905may be formed integrally within the trunk segments and/or the branch segments as described herein to permit connection of trunk segments and/or branch segments in a self-aligning manner. Also shown are a series of first electrical connectors910extending from the first connector segment900and a guide915leading to a series of second electrical connectors920formed within the second connector segment905. The first electrical connectors910may be formed of a male-plug type and the second electrical connector920may be formed of a female plug type.

The guide915forces the male end of the first connector segment900to be rotated towards a pre-determined angle with respect to a longitudinal axis when being inserted within the second connector segment905. The guide915has curved or angled interior edges so that the first connector segment900slides into the second connector segment905smoothly and without obstruction. The second electrical connector920may comprise an electrically conductive medium920for electrically receiving the first electrical connectors910and permitting the first electrical connectors910to be received within the second electrical connector920. In some embodiments, the conductive medium920may be a conductive gel substance. In some embodiments, each first electrical connector910may transmit a different electrical signal.

FIGS.10A-10Ddepict another exemplary self-aligning multi-channel signal interface connection assembly.FIG.10AandFIG.10Bdepict an exemplary first connector1000in a side perspective view and a sectional view.FIG.10CandFIG.10Ddepict an exemplary bottom view and an exemplary top view of a second connector1005. The first connector segment1000and the second connector segment1005may be formed integrally with the trunk segments and/or the branch segments as described herein to permit connection of trunk segments and/or branch segments in a self-aligning manner. Also shown are a series of first electrical connectors1010extending from the first connector segment1000and a guide1015leading to a series of second electrical connectors1020formed within the second connector segment1005. The first electrical connectors1010may be formed of a male-plug type and the second electrical connector1020may be formed of a female plug type.

The guide1015forces the male end of the first connector segment1000to be rotated towards a pre-determined rotation when being inserted within the second connector segment1005. The guide1015has curved or angled interior edges so that the first connector segment1000slides into the second connector segment1005smoothly and without obstruction. The second electrical connector1020may comprise an electrically conductive medium1020within for electrically receiving the first electrical connectors1010and permitting the first electrical connectors1010to be received within the second electrical connector1020. In some embodiments, the conductive medium1020may be a conductive gel substance. In some embodiments, each first electrical connector1010may transmit a different electrical signal.

FIG.11depicts an exemplary multichannel distribution system integrated in a central pole. As depicted, a multichannel distribution system1100includes pole sections1105A, B, C, through which multichannel signal conductors are routed from a base1110. Extending from the base1110is a signal conductor coupled to an interface1115. The signal conductor between the base1110and the interface1115may conduct, for example, power and/or one or more channels of information signals.

The pole section1105a, couples to the pole section1105bvia an interface1120, which is shown in the magnified view to reveal additional details. Similarly, the pole sections1105B couples to the pole section1105C, and the pole section1105C couples to the base1110via interfaces substantially similar to the interface1120.

In the magnified view of the interface1120, the interface1120includes a multi-channel socket1125to receive and provide signal communication to corresponding channels in a plug1130. When mated, the multi-channel signals may communicate to radial ports1135distributed along the length of the pole sections1105A-C. The radio port1135is depicted in this example as receiving a radial plug assembly1140, which may be connected to a load and/or a single or multi-channel signal source.

In the depicted example, adjacent pole sections may be securely coupled by a collar1145engaging threads1150. Also in the depicted example the pole section1105A includes an output connector1160at which some or all of the multichannel signals may be made available to an external load device and/or a controller. In various embodiments, one or more of the output connectors1160may be made available, for example, within the base1110and/or any of the other pole sections1105.

FIGS.12-16depict schematically exemplary trunk segment configurations for distributing operating power and serial and/or parallel control commands to individual light string elements. To illustrate exemplary embodiments for communicating operating power, return, and command signals through a trunk segment,FIG.12depicts a light string with power, return, and data lines extending between two opposing connectors for releasably plugging into a trunk segment to form a loop that can be distributed on the branches of the tree, for example.FIG.13depicts an end-in-bulb light string with power, return, and data lines exiting via an aperture in each trunk segment, with the data signal looping back to re-enter the trunk segment through the same aperture.FIG.14depicts an embodiment similar to that ofFIG.12, but the ends of the light string are integrally connected inside the trunk segment rather than pluggably connected, both ends of the light string enter and exit the trunk segment through a common aperture, for example.FIG.15depicts a light string similar to the one ofFIG.12, with the addition of an additional control line (e.g., clock signal) that is distributed to each individually addressable illumination module, so as to accommodate serial data systems that require a clock input signal.FIG.16depicts a light string with at least 3 parallel current paths independently driven by an independent command signal.

InFIG.12, an artificial tree apparatus1200includes first and second trunk segments1205a,1205b, which may be connectable, for example, when aligned in an orientation independent manner along a longitudinal axis (e.g., vertical axis). The trunk segments1205a,bare adomed with radially extending branches1210at various locations along each of the segments. The artificial tree apparatus1200is illuminated with decorative light string assemblies1215a,1215b, associated with the trunk segments1205a,1205b, respectively.

Each of the light string assemblies1215a,bincludes a number of individually operable illumination modules1220a,1220b. Each of the illumination modules1220a,bin this example is an individually addressable light engine, responsive to an independent, serially-addressed command signal targeting that individual illumination module1220a,b. In some examples, at least some of the individual illumination modules1220a,bmay include a cascadable LED driver chip, such as the WS2811, commercially available from Worldsemi Co., Limited of China. In various examples, the LED driver chip may be addressable, and send and receive serial commands from and to adjacent illumination modules1220a,balong either of the light assemblies1215a,b. Each such driver chip may control illumination of one or more luminaires, such as a red, green, or blue (RGB), for example, in the illumination module1220a,bin response to a received serial command signal. In the depicted figure, the illumination modules1220a,beach receive an operating power signal1225, a circuit return1230(e.g., ground, or circuit reference potential), and a command signal1235. In various embodiments, the command signal1235may be a single wire configured to distribute a serial command signal, or 2 or more wires to provide command signals in the form of data, control, and/or clock signals, for example.

The light string assemblies1235a,bextend between connectors1240a,band1245a,b, respectively. The connectors1240a,band1245a,bare releasably pluggable to make electrical connection to respective trunk segment connectors1250a,band1255a,b. When so connected, the light string assembly1215a,bmay provide an electrical channel for a female trunk segment connector1260a,bto transmit operating power1225, the circuit return1230, and serially addressable command signals1235to a male trunk segment connector1265a,bat an opposite end of the trunk segment1205a,b. When the male trunk segment connector1265aof the first trunk segment1205ais in engagement with the female trunk segment connector1260bof the second trunk segment1205b, then the operating power1225, the circuit return1230and the command signal1235may be routed from the female trunk segment connector1260aof the first segment, through the lights string assemblies1215a,b, and to the male trunk segment connector1265bof the second trunk segment1205b. From there, one or more subsequent trunk segments (not shown) may be connected, and the operating power1225, the circuit return1230and the command signal1235may be routed via the trunk segments and made available to operate additional loads, such as downstream light strings, controllers, and/or other loads.

In various embodiments, a number of the branches1210may be distributed at numerous locations around the trunk segments1205a,b. There may be more than one light string assembly in each trunk segment1205a,b. The connectors1260a,band1265a,bmay be, for example, self-aligning, examples of which are described with reference toFIGS.7A-10D.

FIG.13depicts an end-in-bulb light string1315a,bwith power1325a,b, circuit return1330a,b, and data1335a,blines exiting via an aperture in each trunk segment, with the data1335a,bline looping back to re-enter the trunk segment through the same aperture1350a,b. An internal connection from the power and circuit return may extend directly between the female trunk segment connector1260a,band the male trunk segment connector1265a,b. The data line1335a,bpasses serially through the light string1315a,b, respectively.

A serial command signal transmitted by the controller (not shown) over the serial data line1335a,bmay include a first signal addressed to be received and accepted by one or more of the individual light illumination modules in the light string1315a, while a second signal in that same serial command may be received and accepted by one or more of the individual light illumination modules in the light string1315a. The second signal may be independent from the first signal. The first and second light strings1315a,bmay execute the first and second signals substantially simultaneously in response to the same serial command signal.

FIG.14depicts an embodiment similar to that ofFIG.12, except the ends of the light string1415are integrally connected inside the trunk segment1405rather than pluggably connected. Both ends of the light string1415enter and exit the trunk segment through a common aperture, for example.

FIG.15depicts a light string1515similar to the one ofFIG.12, with the addition of an additional control line (e.g., clock signal1535b) that is distributed to each individually addressable illumination module, so as to accommodate serial data systems that operate synchronously, or with a clock input signal, in coordination with a serial data signal1535a. In this example, the power1525, circuit return1530, the data1535a, and clock1535bextend between two opposing end connectors1540and1545. If the connector1540is plugged in to the trunk segment (not shown), the connector1545is available to supply the power1525, circuit return1530, the data1535a, and clock1535bto operate downstream loads, such as light strings, controllers, splitters, and peripheral loads, for example.

FIG.16depicts a light string with at least 3 parallel current paths independently driven by an independent command signal.FIG.16depicts an exemplary light string1615with parallel circuits1620a,b,cdriven respectively by, in this example, three independent command signals1635a,b,cthat merge at a common return path1630. Each of the circuits1620a,b,cmay have a unique color scheme and/or spatial distribution, for example, to provide for lighting effects. One or more of the lighting elements in any of the circuits1620a,b,cmay be individually addressable by, for example, serial commands supplied on the corresponding command signals1635a,b,c.

In some embodiments, a light string, such as various ones of the light strings described with reference toFIGS.12-16, for example, may include a pass-through channel for operating power to be distributed from a connector at one end to a connector at an opposite end of the light string. Such pass through of operating power may advantageously deliver power to at least one downstream controller and/or peripheral device(s), for example, that may be connected to at least one subsequent light string or device. Some examples of light strings may include command signals in addition to pass through power, and may be adapted for connection to receive operating power and command signals from the inside one of the trunk segments. Some examples that can be so configured are described with reference, for example, at least to FIG. 13 of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/796,950, entitled “Low Voltage Coupling,” filed by Long, et al. on Jul. 10, 2015, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

In various implementations, operating power levels may be at or beyond a maximum efficiency operating point, or a stable operating point (e.g., voltage out of range). In order to expand compatibility and length capacity, some embodiments may further include a level shifting module in cascade-connected light strings, for example. Some examples that can be so configured are described with reference, for example, at least to FIGS. 1-3 of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/576,661, entitled “Modular Light String System Having Independently Addressable Lighting Elements,” filed by Loomis, et al. on Dec. 19, 2014, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

Although various embodiments have been described with reference to the Figures, other embodiments are possible. For example, the axial electrical connectors may be configured in other structural shapes. A first axial electrical connector may be configured in the shape of a concentric ring extending along an outside of a first trunk segment and beyond an end of the first trunk segment. A corresponding end of a second trunk segment may include an axial electrical connector formed into the end for being received by the first axial electrical connector in an overlapping manner.

In an exemplary embodiment, each branch segment may be attached separately to the trunk segments during assembly of the artificial tree apparatus in some exemplary embodiments. In other exemplary embodiments, one or more of the branch segments may be pre-attached to the trunk segments to lessen assembly time of the artificial tree apparatus. In some exemplary embodiments, the branch segments may be pivotally attached to the trunk segments such that the branch segments are folded up during storage to minimize an overall surface area of the artificial tree apparatus and during assembly the branch segments folded downwards to mimic a tree.

The branch segments may be configured in various lengths. The branch segments may be colored to match living trees or may incorporate other nontraditional colors, such as for example red, pink, blue, or white.

In accordance with another embodiment, each light emitting device may emit a pre-determined light pattern. For example, each light emitting device in a branch segment may blink at a given rate, remain constant, or gain/loss intensity. In other exemplary embodiments, some lighting devices on a branch segment may perform a first function while other lighting devices on the same branch segment may perform a second function, either simultaneously or at different times. For example, a first lighting device may blink while a second lighting device may remain constant on, while a third lighting device may increase/decrease light intensity only when the first and second lighting devices remain off. In other exemplary embodiments, a group of light emitting devices may collaborate together to emit the pre-determined light pattern. For example, the light emitting devices may emit different patterns to follow a beat to a popular song.

In accordance with another embodiment, the control system may comprise a single controller or a multitude of controllers. For example, a single controller may be located at the base of the artificial tree apparatus to generate and transmit command signals to respective light emitting devices upon the branch segments. In other exemplary embodiments, each branch segment may include a slave controller and a master controller may be located proximate the base of the artificial tree apparatus. The slave controllers may be located within the respective branch segments or trunk segments, for example.

In accordance with an exemplary embodiment, the axial electrical connectors may include more than three contacts, such as 4, 5, 6, or 7 contacts for example, where each contact may be configured to carry an independent signal. In an exemplary embodiment, a first additional contact carries a first electrical command signal, a second additional contact carries a second electrical command signal and a third additional contact carries a third electrical command signal. For example, the first additional contact may carry an electrical command signal representative of a blinking light pattern, the second additional contact may carry an electrical command signal representative of an alternately fading/constant light pattern, and the third additional contact may carry an electrical command signal representative of a stepped light pattern. If a group of first lighting devices are configured to receive an electrical command signal from the first additional contact, the first lighting devices receive an electrical command signal representative of a blinking light pattern.

In accordance with an exemplary embodiment, the electrical command signal may include different types of data pertaining to illumination. For example, the command signals may include data pertaining to a light pattern. In other examples, the command signals may include data pertaining to a light intensity, such as brightness of an outputted light. In other examples, the command signals may include data pertaining to a light color. In some examples, the electrical command signal may include different types of data pertaining to sound. For example, the command signal may include data pertaining to a song or a musical note. In an exemplary embodiment, some trunk segments or branch segments may include speakers for outputting a sound received by the electrical command signal.

In various embodiments, apparatus and methods may involve a controller having a voice activated light controller. A command signal may be generated based upon a voice command given to the controller. For example, a user may speak the words “blinking red channel1,” and the controller would interpret the voice command, generate, and transmit an electrical command signal along channel1wire that causes the light emitting devices to output a red colored blinking pattern. In some embodiments, a tangible on/off switch may be incorporated into the controller and/or light emitting devices. For example, the user may turn the light emitting devices on and off via a special touch sensor ornament (e.g., a metal snowflake) that is permanently attached to the artificial tree apparatus.

In various embodiments, signal and power carrying wires may be strung internally through the trunk segments such that there will be no visibility of the signal and power carrying wires from an outside of the trunk segments. In some embodiments, wireless transmission may be used to communicate a command signal to one or more light emitting devices. In other embodiments, a wireless transmission may be used to communicate a command signal to a receiver local to the respective branch segment, where the branch segment then directs the command signal to the light emitting devices upon the respective branch segment via wired or wireless transmission.

In various embodiments, an electric motor may be incorporated into the base of the artificial tree apparatus to cause the artificial tree apparatus to rotate. In some implementations, a wireless remote control permits the user to turn the light emitting devices on and off, as well as turn the motor on and off. The motor may be connected to the base, such as for example to the top of the base through a plug and socket arrangement.

In accordance with an exemplary embodiment, a control system may generate a plurality of electrical command signals each intended for a specific group of light emitting devices on a singular branch segment or singular trunk segment. For example, a first trunk segment may be configured to receive a first electrical command signal representative of a red blinking pattern. The red blinking pattern may be transmitted to each of the light emitting devices directly connected to the first trunk segment. In some examples, a second trunk segment may be configured to receive a second electrical command signal generated by the control system and representative of a blue constant on pattern. The blue constant on pattern may be transmitted to each of the light emitting devices directly connected to the second trunk segment.

By way of example and not limitation, load devices may include motors, audio transducers, light emitting diodes or other light emitting devices, for example, either alone or in combinations. In some implementations, a user-controlled switch may be located upon each trunk segment for corresponding branch segments having load devices. In various implementations, a user-controlled switch may be located next to each branch segment such that each trunk segment may have a plurality of user-controlled multi-position switches, for example. In some examples, a specific command signal may be associated with a specific radial receptacle such that each branch segment may be plugged into a pre-determined radial receptacle determined by the illumination pattern and color intended for the light emitting devices connected to the branch segment.

In various examples, one or more branches may be associated with a load circuit. One or more of the load circuits may include a group of light emitting devices. In some implementations, each group of light emitting devices may be manually configured via one or more user-interfaces. In some implementations, adjoining trunk segments may couple via an axially-symmetric connection system that permits connection in any radial orientation relative to the longitudinal axis of the trunk or column. In some examples, the control system may output a plurality of (e.g., electrical, optical) command signals. Each command signal may be, in some embodiments, intended for and/or addressed to a specific predetermined load.

In some embodiments, a communication signal may be transmitted to the controller to command the controller to enter one of a plurality of user-selectable modes. Each mode may be associated with a corresponding illumination signal to be generated and transmitted to the light emitting devices. For example, a wireless transmission having a command for an illumination signal may be sent from a mobile device over a local or wide-area network to the controller. Upon receiving the command, the controller may then generate or relay the signal to the light emitting devices through the internal transmission wires within the trunk segments and along or through the branch segments.

In various embodiments, a multi-channel signals may include serial, multiplexed, and/or parallel techniques. For example, a single conductive path within the tree column may carry an operating current (e.g., power/return, bias supply, etc. . . . ) and, in combination, a time and/or frequency division or multiplexed command or information signal. Multi-channel signals used to control, for example, a plurality of independent load circuits, for example, may share a common conductive transmission path in addition to a common return path, for example. Multi-channel signals may include, by way of example, and not limitation, time-division multiplex, frequency division multiplex, space-division multiplex, amplitude modulation, frequency modulation, phase modulation, quadrature keying, and other known modulation techniques for encoding one or more independent signals. As such, for example, a power line carrier technique could be employed to control a plurality of independent loads with a two wire system that supplies operating current to all of the loads simultaneously.

In an illustrative example, a two wire system could provide power, return, and a modulated signal encoding a multiplexed n=4 bit (e.g., n may be about 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, or at least about 8 or more) data stream that enables the controller to directly address commands to any of 16 independently addressable loads via the tree column. Commands to be performed at the load device can be formatted in 4 bit chunks to be received by the addressed decoder.

In some implementations, voltage level output from a power supply controlled by the controller may encode a command or information signal that can be detected using level detection circuits, which may be distributed in one or more multiplexer modules or signal routers, for example.

Multi-channel signals may include electrical signals conducted via the tree column. In certain embodiments, multi-channel signals may also include signals or combinations of signals conveyed in various forms via the tree column. By way of example and not limitation, the tree column may convey commands, power, or other information signals via pneumatic, optical (e.g., light, infrared, UV, laser), fiber optic, mechanical (e.g., vibrational, push-rods), magnetic states, electrochemical mechanisms. Signal handling systems within the trunk may include signal transport (e.g., fiber optic, conductor, semiconductor), signal processing (e.g., optical filtering, electromagnetic reflectors, addressable decoders), switching apparatus (e.g., multiplexers, decoders, magnetic switches, hall effect switches, semiconductor switches, logic gates, etc. . . . ), and interface apparatus (e.g., transducers, interconnects, transformers, optocouplers, manifolds, etc. . . . ).

With reference to the example depicted inFIG.2, in some embodiments, the first axial electrical connector215may not be recessed within the first trunk segment200and the inter-segment coupling of the trunk segments200,205could be made solely by electrical connectors.

Although various examples have been described with reference to decorative plants, other implementations are possible. By way of example and not limitation, a plurality of power, command, and/or information signals may be communicated via signal paths disposed within a central pole member, for example, in a household floor lamp. Various advantages may accrue to such products, for example, in easy of manufacture, high performance capability, and/or improved electrical safety.

In one exemplary aspect, an artificial tree apparatus may include a first trunk segment having a first axial electrical connector, and a second trunk segment having a second axial electrical connector. The second axial electrical connector is adapted to longitudinally align and connect with the first axial electrical connector in a non-radial dependent manner. The apparatus further includes a first branch segment having a first light string replaceably disposable about the first branch segment. The first branch segment radially extends from the first trunk segment. A second branch segment has a second light string replaceably disposable about the second branch segment. The second branch segment radially extends from the second trunk segment. A control system is configured to generate a first electrical command signal and a second electrical command signal. Operating power for the first and second light strings and the first and the second electrical command signals are transmitted from the first trunk segment to the second trunk segment through connection of the first and second axial electrical connectors. The first light string is configured to receive the first electrical command signal and the second light string is configured to receive the second electrical command signal.

In some embodiments of the artificial tree apparatus, the first electrical command signal may correspond to a first light pattern and the second electrical command signal may correspond to a second light pattern. The first light pattern may be different from the second light pattern. The first light pattern may include a first light color and the second light pattern may include a second light color. The first light pattern may include a visually perceptible visual light effect. The control system may include at least one user interface for altering the first electrical command signal or the second electrical command signal.

The artificial tree apparatus may include a first user interface and a second user interface. The first user interface may be adapted for operative route selection of the first electrical command signal or the second electrical command signal to the first light string. The second user interface may be adapted for operative route selection of the first electrical command signal or the second electrical command signal to the second light string. The first user interface may be located upon the first trunk segment and the second user interface may be located upon the second trunk segment. The first light string may be comprised of a first LED light string and the second light string may be comprised of a second LED light string. The apparatus may further include a plurality of channel wires extending within the first trunk segment and the second trunk segment from the control system for transmitting the first electrical command signal and the second electrical command signal. The control system may be configured to wirelessly receive user input signals from a mobile device. The control system may select a user-selectable mode in response to the wirelessly received user input signals.

In another exemplary aspect, an artificial tree apparatus may include a first trunk segment having a first axial electrical connector, and a second trunk segment having a second axial electrical connector. The second axial electrical connector may be adapted to longitudinally align and connect with the first axial electrical connector in a non-radial dependent manner. The apparatus further includes a first branch segment, wherein the first branch segment radially extends from the first trunk segment. A first light string is replaceably disposable about the first branch segment. A second branch segment radially extends from the second trunk segment. A second light string is replaceably disposable about the second branch segment. A current path in the first trunk segment connects to supply operating power to the first light string and to the first axial connector. At least one current path in the first trunk segment receives a first electrical command signal and a second electrical command signal from a control system. Operating power and the second electrical command signals are transmitted from the first trunk segment to the second trunk segment when the first and second axial electrical connectors are connected. The first light string is configurable to receive the first electrical command signal and the second light string is configurable to receive the second electrical command signal.

In various embodiments of the artificial tree apparatus, the first electrical command signal may correspond to a first light pattern. The second electrical command signal may correspond to a second light pattern. The first light pattern may be independent from the second light pattern. The first light string may be pluggably connectable to a first connector on the first trunk segment to receive the operating power and the first electrical command signal. The second light string may be pluggably connectable to a second connector on the second trunk segment to receive the operating power and the second electrical command signal.

The first electrical command signal and the second electrical command signal may be transmitted from the control system as a single serial data stream.

The control system may be configured to wirelessly receive user input signals from a mobile device. The control system may select a user-selectable mode in response to the wirelessly received user input signals. One or more of the user input signals may include an address associated with a specific one of the first and the second channels. The control system may be configured to receive the user input signals using a wireless communications protocol (e.g., Bluetooth, ZygBee).

A number of implementations have been described. Nevertheless, it will be understood that various modification may be made. For example, advantageous results may be achieved if the steps of the disclosed techniques were performed in a different sequence, or if components of the disclosed systems were combined in a different manner, or if the components were supplemented with other components. Accordingly, other implementations are within the scope of the following claims.