Patent ID: 12221673

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

The following illustrates in details the present disclosure, such that those skilled in the art can realize the present disclosure. The following preferred embodiments are merely used as an example for description, other apparent variations are likewise conceivable to those skilled in the art.

Example 1: an aluminum nitride-reinforced AMC included (consisted of) the following components in percentage by mass: 0.6% of Si, 0.03% of Mg, 0.1% of Nb, 0.05% of Zr, 0.3% of Mo, 0.4% of Zn, 0.03% of Ta, 0.15% of Mn, 0.5% of Cu, 0.05% of Co, 0.001% of In, 0.001% of B, 0.005% of Ge, 0.001% of Ir, 0.05% of rare earth element, 0.001% of Sn, 0.01% of nano-titanium carbide, 0.01% of nano-chromium nitride, 5% of aluminum nitride nanofiber, 3% of nano-aluminum nitride, and Al as a balance.

The rare earth element was a mixture of Sc, Y, Ce, and Pr at a mass ratio of 1:1:1:0.8; the nano-titanium carbide had a particle size of 10 nm; the nano-chromium nitride had a particle size of 20 nm; and the aluminum nitride nanofiber had an average diameter of 100 nm and a length of 1 μm.

The aluminum nitride-reinforced AMC further included: 0.08 wt % of meso-tetramethyl-tetra-(p-aminophenyl) calix[4] pyrrole, 0.01 wt % of sodium silicate, and 0.02 wt % of 1,3,5-triglycidyl-S-triazinetrione; the preparation method of the meso-tetramethyl-tetra-(p-aminophenyl) calix[4] pyrrole was described in: GUO Yong, SHAO Shijun, HE Lijun, et al. Synthesis and characterization of meso-tetramethyl-tetra-(p-aminophenyl) calix[4] pyrrole [J].Chemical Reagents,2002 (6):344-345.

A method for preparing the aluminum nitride-reinforced AMC was conducted by the following steps:step S1, an aluminum ingot, an Si—Al master alloy, an Mg—Al master alloy, an Nb—Al master alloy, a Zr—Al master alloy, an Mo—Al master alloy, a Zn—Al master alloy, a Ta—Al master alloy, an Mn—Al master alloy, a Cu—Al master alloy, a Co—Al master alloy, an In—Al master alloy, a B—Al master alloy, a Ge—Al master alloy, an Ir—Al master alloy, a rare earth element-Al master alloy, and a Sn—Al master alloy as raw materials were subjected to proportioning and then smelting into an alloy melt in a vacuum induction furnace; the nano-titanium carbide and the nano-chromium nitride that were preheated at 520° C. were added into the alloy melt and subjected to a multi-energy field treatment, and a resulting treated mixture was poured into a mold that was preheated at 400° C., and cooled to obtain an aluminum alloy matrix; and

step S2, the aluminum alloy matrix obtained in step S1 was ground and then passed through a sieve with 1,000 mesh to obtain an aluminum alloy matrix powder, the aluminum alloy matrix powder, the aluminum nitride nanofiber, the nano-aluminum nitride, the meso-tetramethyl-tetra-(p-aminophenyl) calix[4] pyrrole, the sodium silicate, and the 1,3,5-triglycidyl-S-triazinetrione were added into a powder mixer, and stirred evenly to obtain a mixed powder; the mixed powder was loaded into a mold to allow pressing to obtain a compact; and the compact was subjected to sintering and a heat treatment in sequence to obtain the aluminum nitride-reinforced AMC.

The smelting in step S1 was conducted at a temperature of 720° C.; the multi-energy field treatment in step S1 was a combination of a microwave treatment and an ultrasonic treatment; the ultrasonic treatment was conducted at a frequency of 65 kHz and a power of 550 W; the microwave treatment was conducted at a frequency of 2.5 GHZ and a power of 900 W; and the multi-energy field treatment was conducted for 8 min.

The pressing in step S2 was conducted with a cold isostatic press at 120 MPa; and the sintering in step S2 was vacuum sintering, which was performed by sintering at a temperature of 360° C. for 20 min, then raising the temperature to 550° C. at a rate of 3° C./min, and sintering at 550° C. for 30 min, and then cooling to room temperature.

The heat treatment in step S2 was a combination of a solution treatment, an aging treatment, and an annealing treatment; the solution treatment was conducted at a temperature of 485° C. for 1 h, followed by water cooling at room temperature; the aging treatment was conducted at a temperature of 190° C. for 5 h; and the annealing treatment was conducted at a temperature of 410° C. for 4 h.

Example 2: an aluminum nitride-reinforced AMC included (consisted of) the following components in percentage by mass: 0.9% of Si, 0.035% of Mg, 0.15% of Nb, 0.06% of Zr, 0.35% of Mo, 0.45% of Zn, 0.04% of Ta, 0.2% of Mn, 0.6% of Cu, 0.06% of Co, 0.002% of In, 0.0015% of B, 0.008% of Ge, 0.0015% of Ir, 0.07% of rare earth elements, 0.0015% of Sn, 0.015% of nano-titanium carbide, 0.015% of nano-chromium nitride, 6% of aluminum nitride nanofiber, 3.5% of nano-aluminum nitride, and Al as a balance.

The rare earth element was a mixture of Sc, Y, Ce, and Pr at a mass ratio of 1.2:1:1.5:0.9; the nano-titanium carbide had a particle size of 30 nm; the nano-chromium nitride had a particle size of 30 nm; and the aluminum nitride nanofiber had an average diameter of 150 nm and a length of 1.5 μm.

The aluminum nitride-reinforced AMC further included: 0.09 wt % of meso-tetramethyl-tetra-(p-aminophenyl) calix[4] pyrrole, 0.015 wt % of sodium silicate, and 0.03 wt % of 1,3,5-triglycidyl-S-triazinetrione; the preparation method of the meso-tetramethyl-tetra-(p-aminophenyl) calix[4] pyrrole was described in: GUO Yong, SHAO Shijun, HE Lijun, et al. Synthesis and characterization of meso-tetramethyl-tetra-(p-aminophenyl) calix[4] pyrrole [J].Chemical Reagents,2002 (6):344-345.

A method for preparing the aluminum nitride-reinforced AMC was conducted by the following steps:step S1, an aluminum ingot, an Si—Al master alloy, an Mg—Al master alloy, an Nb—Al master alloy, a Zr—Al master alloy, an Mo—Al master alloy, a Zn—Al master alloy, a Ta—Al master alloy, an Mn—Al master alloy, a Cu—Al master alloy, a Co—Al master alloy, an In—Al master alloy, a B—Al master alloy, a Ge—Al master alloy, an Ir—Al master alloy, a rare earth element-Al master alloy, and a Sn—Al master alloy as raw materials were subjected to proportioning and then smelting into an alloy melt in a vacuum induction furnace; the nano-titanium carbide and the nano-chromium nitride that were preheated at 540° C. were added into the alloy melt and subjected to a multi-energy field treatment, a resulting treated mixture was poured into a mold that was preheated at 420° C., and cooled to obtain an aluminum alloy matrix; andstep S2, the aluminum alloy matrix obtained in step S1 was ground and then passed through a sieve with 1,050 mesh to obtain an aluminum alloy matrix powder, the aluminum alloy matrix powder, the aluminum nitride nanofiber, the nano-aluminum nitride, the meso-tetramethyl-tetra-(p-aminophenyl) calix[4] pyrrole, the sodium silicate, and the 1,3,5-triglycidyl-S-triazinetrione were added into a powder mixer, and stirred evenly to obtain a mixed powder; the mixed powder was loaded into a mold to allow pressing to obtain a compact; and the compact was subjected to sintering and a heat treatment in sequence to obtain the aluminum nitride-reinforced AMC.

The smelting in step S1 was conducted at a temperature of 740° C.; the multi-energy field treatment in step S1 was a combination of a microwave treatment and an ultrasonic treatment; the ultrasonic treatment was conducted at a frequency of 75 kHz and a power of 650 W; the microwave treatment was conducted at a frequency of 2.7 GHZ and a power of 1,100 W; the multi-energy field treatment was conducted for 8.5 min.

The pressing in step S2 was conducted with a cold isostatic press at 170 MPa; and the sintering in step S2 was vacuum sintering, which was performed by sintering at a temperature of 380° C. for 23 min, then raising the temperature to 555° C. at a rate of 3.5° C./min and sintering at 555° C. for 33 min, and then cooling to room temperature.

The heat treatment in step S2 was a combination of a solution treatment, an aging treatment, and an annealing treatment; the solution treatment was conducted at a temperature of 495° C. for 1.5 h, followed by water cooling at room temperature; the aging treatment was conducted at a temperature of 210° C. for 5.5 h; and the annealing treatment was conducted at a temperature of 430° C. for 4.5 h.

Example 3: an aluminum nitride-reinforced AMC included (consisted of) the following components in percentage by mass: 1.3% of Si, 0.04% of Mg, 0.2% of Nb, 0.08% of Zr, 0.4% of Mo, 0.5% of Zn, 0.045% of Ta, 0.22% of Mn, 0.7% of Cu, 0.07% of Co, 0.0025% of In, 0.002% of B, 0.01% of Ge, 0.002% of Ir, 0.1% of rare earth element, 0.002% of Sn, 0.02% of nano-titanium carbide, 0.02% of nano-chromium nitride, 7.5% of aluminum nitride nanofiber, 4% of nano-aluminum nitride, and Al as a balance.

The rare earth element was a mixture of Sc, Y, Ce, and Pr at a mass ratio of 1.5:1:2:1; the nano-titanium carbide had a particle size of 50 nm; the nano-chromium nitride had a particle size of 60 nm; and the aluminum nitride nanofiber had an average diameter of 200 nm and a length of 2 μm.

The aluminum nitride-reinforced AMC further included: 0.1 wt % of meso-tetramethyl-tetra-(p-aminophenyl) calix[4] pyrrole, 0.02 wt % of sodium silicate, and 0.035 wt % of 1,3,5-triglycidyl-S-triazinetrione; the preparation method of the meso-tetramethyl-tetra-(p-aminophenyl) calix[4] pyrrole was described in: GUO Yong, SHAO Shijun, HE Lijun, et al. Synthesis and characterization of meso-tetramethyl-tetra-(p-aminophenyl) calix[4] pyrrole [J].Chemical Reagents,2002 (6):344-345.

A method for preparing the aluminum nitride-reinforced AMC was conducted by the following steps:step S1, an aluminum ingot, an Si—Al master alloy, an Mg—Al master alloy, an Nb—Al master alloy, a Zr—Al master alloy, an Mo—Al master alloy, a Zn—Al master alloy, a Ta—Al master alloy, an Mn—Al master alloy, a Cu—Al master alloy, a Co—Al master alloy, an In—Al master alloy, a B—Al master alloy, a Ge—Al master alloy, an Ir—Al master alloy, a rare earth element-Al master alloy, and a Sn—Al master alloy as raw materials were subjected to proportioning and then smelting into an alloy melt in a vacuum induction furnace; the nano-titanium carbide and the nano-chromium nitride that were preheated at 580° C. were added into the alloy melt and subjected to a multi-energy field treatment, and a resulting treated mixture was poured into a mold that was preheated at 430° C., and cooled to obtain an aluminum alloy matrix; andstep S2, the aluminum alloy matrix obtained in step S1 was ground and then passed through a sieve with 1,100 mesh to obtain an aluminum alloy matrix powder, the aluminum alloy matrix powder, the aluminum nitride nanofiber, the nano-aluminum nitride, the meso-tetramethyl-tetra-(p-aminophenyl) calix[4] pyrrole, the sodium silicate, and the 1,3,5-triglycidyl-S-triazinetrione were added into a powder mixer, and stirred evenly to obtain a mixed powder; the mixed powder was loaded into a mold to allow pressing to obtain a compact; and the compact was subjected to sintering and a heat treatment in sequence to obtain the aluminum nitride-reinforced AMC.

The smelting in step S1 was conducted at a temperature of 750° C.; the multi-energy field treatment in step S1 was a combination of a microwave treatment and an ultrasonic treatment; the ultrasonic treatment was conducted at a frequency of 80 kHz and a power of 750 W; the microwave treatment was conducted at a frequency of 2.9 GHZ and a power of 1,300 W; and the multi-energy field treatment was conducted for 9 min.

The pressing in step S2 was conducted with a cold isostatic press at 240 MPa; and the sintering in step S2 was vacuum sintering, which was performed by sintering at a temperature of 420° C. for 25 min, then raising the temperature to 560° C. at a rate of 4° C./min, and e sintering at 560° C. for 35 min, and then cooling to room temperature.

The heat treatment in step S2 was a combination of a solution treatment, an aging treatment, and an annealing treatment; the solution treatment was conducted at a temperature of 500° C. for 2 h, followed by water cooling at room temperature; the aging treatment was conducted at a temperature of 240° C. for 6 h; and the annealing treatment was conducted at a temperature of 460° C. for 5 h.

Example 4: an aluminum nitride-reinforced AMC included (consisted of) the following components in percentage by mass: 1.8% of Si, 0.045% of Mg, 0.25% of Nb, 0.09% of Zr, 0.45% of Mo, 0.55% of Zn, 0.055% of Ta, 0.28% of Mn, 0.85% of Cu, 0.09% of Co, 0.0035% of In, 0.0025% of B, 0.013% of Ge, 0.0025% of Ir, 0.13% of rare earth elements, 0.0025% of Sn, 0.025% of nano-titanium carbide, 0.025% of nano-chromium nitride, 9% of aluminum nitride nanofiber, 4.5% of nano-aluminum nitride, and Al as a balance.

The rare earth element was a mixture of Sc, Y, Ce, and Pr at a mass ratio of 1.8:1:2.5:1.1; the nano-titanium carbide had a particle size of 70 nm; the nano-chromium nitride had a particle size of 80 nm; and the aluminum nitride nanofiber had an average diameter of 250 nm and a length of 2.5 μm.

The preparation component of the aluminum nitride-reinforced AMC further included: 0.11 wt % of meso-tetramethyl-tetra-(p-aminophenyl) calix[4] pyrrole, 0.025 wt % of sodium silicate, and 0.045 wt % of 1,3,5-triglycidyl-S-triazinetrione; the preparation method of the meso-tetramethyl-tetra-(p-aminophenyl) calix[4] pyrrole was described in: GUO Yong, SHAO Shijun, HE Lijun, et al. Synthesis and characterization of meso-tetramethyl-tetra-(p-aminophenyl) calix[4] pyrrole [J].Chemical Reagents,2002 (6):344-345.

A method for preparing the aluminum nitride-reinforced AMC was conducted by the following steps:step S1, an aluminum ingot, an Si—Al master alloy, an Mg—Al master alloy, an Nb—Al master alloy, a Zr—Al master alloy, an Mo—Al master alloy, a Zn—Al master alloy, a Ta—Al master alloy, an Mn—Al master alloy, a Cu—Al master alloy, a Co—Al master alloy, an In—Al master alloy, a B—Al master alloy, a Ge—Al master alloy, an Ir—Al master alloy, a rare earth element-Al master alloy, and a Sn—Al master alloy as raw materials were subjected to proportioning and then smelting into an alloy melt in a vacuum induction furnace; the nano-titanium carbide and the nano-chromium nitride that were preheated at 600° C. were added into the alloy melt and subjected to a multi-energy field treatment, a resulting treated mixture was poured into a mold that was preheated at 440° C., and cooled to obtain an aluminum alloy matrix; andstep S2, the aluminum alloy matrix obtained in step S1 was ground and then passed through a sieve with 1,150 mesh to obtain an aluminum alloy matrix powder, then the aluminum alloy matrix powder, the aluminum nitride nanofiber, the nano-aluminum nitride, the meso-tetramethyl-tetra-(p-aminophenyl) calix[4] pyrrole, the sodium silicate, and the 1,3,5-triglycidyl-S-triazinetrione were added into a powder mixer, and stirred evenly to obtain a mixed powder; the mixed powder was loaded into a mold to allow pressing to obtain a compact; and the compact was subjected to sintering and a heat treatment in sequence to obtain the aluminum nitride-reinforced AMC.

The smelting in step S1 was conducted at a temperature of 770° C.; the multi-energy field treatment in step S1 was a combination of a microwave treatment and an ultrasonic treatment; the ultrasonic treatment was conducted at a frequency of 90 kHz and a power of 900 W; the microwave treatment was conducted at a frequency of 3 GHz and a power of 1,500 W; and the multi-energy field treatment was conducted for 9.5 min.

The pressing in step S2 was conducted with a cold isostatic press at 280 MPa; and the sintering in step S2 was vacuum sintering, which was performed by sintering at a temperature of 460° C. for 28 min, then raising the temperature to 565° C. at a rate of 4.5° C./min, and sintering at 565° C. for 38 min, and then cooling to room temperature.

The heat treatment in step S2 was a combination of a solution treatment, an aging treatment, and an annealing treatment; the solution treatment was conducted at a temperature of 505° C. for 2.5 h, followed by water cooling at room temperature; the aging treatment was conducted at a temperature of 260° C. for 6.5 h; and the annealing treatment was conducted at a temperature of 490° C. for 5.5 h.

Example 5: an aluminum nitride-reinforced AMC included (consisted of) the following components in percentage by mass: 2% of Si, 0.05% of Mg, 0.3% of Nb, 0.1% of Zr, 0.5% of Mo, 0.6% of Zn, 0.06% of Ta, 0.3% of Mn, 0.9% of Cu, 0.1% of Co, 0.004% of In, 0.003% of B, 0.015% of Ge, 0.003% of Ir, 0.15% of rare earth elements, 0.003% of Sn, 0.03% of nano-titanium carbide, 0.03% of nano-chromium nitride, 10% of aluminum nitride nanofibers, 5% of nano-aluminum nitride, and Al as a balance.

The rare earth element was a mixture of Sc, Y, Ce, and Pr at a mass ratio of 2:1:3:1.2; the nano-titanium carbide had a particle size of 80 nm; the nano-chromium nitride had a particle size of 90 nm; and the aluminum nitride nanofiber had an average diameter of 300 nm and a length of 3 μm.

The aluminum nitride-reinforced AMC further included: 0.12 wt % of meso-tetramethyl-tetra-(p-aminophenyl) calix[4] pyrrole, 0.03 wt % of sodium silicate, and 0.05 wt % of 1,3,5-triglycidyl-S-triazinetrione; the preparation method of the meso-tetramethyl-tetra-(p-aminophenyl) calix[4] pyrrole was described in: GUO Yong, SHAO Shijun, HE Lijun, et al. Synthesis and characterization of meso-tetramethyl-tetra-(p-aminophenyl) calix[4] pyrrole [J].Chemical Reagents,2002 (6):344-345.

A method for preparing the aluminum nitride-reinforced AMC was conducted by the following steps:step S1, an aluminum ingot, an Si—Al master alloy, an Mg—Al master alloy, an Nb—Al master alloy, a Zr—Al master alloy, an Mo—Al master alloy, a Zn—Al master alloy, a Ta—Al master alloy, an Mn—Al master alloy, a Cu—Al master alloy, a Co—Al master alloy, an In—Al master alloy, a B—Al master alloy, a Ge—Al master alloy, an Ir—Al master alloy, a rare earth element-Al master alloy, and a Sn—Al master alloy as raw materials were subjected to proportioning and then smelting into an alloy melt in a vacuum induction furnace; the nano-titanium carbide and the nano-chromium nitride that were preheated at 610° C. were added into the alloy melt and subjected to a multi-energy field treatment, and a resulting treated mixture was poured into a mold that was preheated at 450° C., and cooled to obtain an aluminum alloy matrix; andstep S2, the aluminum alloy matrix obtained in step S1 was ground and then passed through a sieve with 1,200 mesh to obtain an aluminum alloy matrix powder, then the aluminum alloy matrix powder, the aluminum nitride nanofiber, the nano-aluminum nitride, the meso-tetramethyl-tetra-(p-aminophenyl) calix[4] pyrrole, the sodium silicate, and the 1,3,5-triglycidyl-S-triazinetrione were added into a powder mixer, and stirred evenly to obtain a mixed powder; the mixed powder was loaded into a mold to allow pressing to obtain a compact; and the compact was subjected to sintering and a heat treatment in sequence to obtain the aluminum nitride-reinforced AMC.

The smelting in step S1 was conducted at a temperature of 780° C.; the multi-energy field treatment in step S1 was a combination of a microwave treatment and an ultrasonic treatment; the ultrasonic treatment was conducted at a frequency of 95 kHz and a power of 950 W; the microwave treatment was conducted at a frequency of 3.1 GHz and a power of 1,600 W; and the multi-energy field treatment was conducted for 10 min.

The pressing in step S2 was conducted with a cold isostatic press at 300 MPa; and the sintering in step S2 was vacuum sintering, which was performed by sintering at a temperature of 470° C. for 30 min, then raising the temperature to 570° C. at a rate of 5° C./min, and sintering at 570° C. for 40 min, and then cooling to room temperature.

The heat treatment in step S2 was a combination of a solution treatment, an aging treatment, and an annealing treatment; the solution treatment was conducted at a temperature of 515° C. for 3 h, followed by water cooling at room temperature; the aging treatment was conducted at a temperature of 270° C. for 7 h; and the annealing treatment was conducted at a temperature of 500° C. for 6 h.

Comparative Example 1: an aluminum nitride-reinforced AMC and a preparation method thereof were substantially the same as those in Example 1, except that Mg, Ta, and nano-titanium carbide were not added.

Comparative Example 2: an aluminum nitride-reinforced AMC and a preparation method thereof were substantially the same as those in Example 1, except that In, rare earth element, and meso-tetramethyl-tetra-(p-aminophenyl) calix[4] pyrrole were not added, and nano-aluminum nitride was used instead of the aluminum nitride nanofiber.

In order to further illustrate the beneficial technical effects of the aluminum nitride-reinforced AMCs involved in each example of the present disclosure, the aluminum nitride-reinforced AMCs involved in Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Examples 1 to 2 were subjected to relevant performance tests. The test results are shown in Table 1, and the test method was as follows:

(1) Thermal conductivity: the thermal conductivity of each aluminum nitride-reinforced AMC was tested in accordance with GB/T 3651-2008 at 100° C.

(2) Tensile strength and elongation: a room-temperature tensile test was conducted in accordance with GB/T228.1-2010 to determine the tensile strength and elongation of each aluminum nitride-reinforced AMC.

(3) Corrosion resistance: an immersion corrosion test was conducted at room temperature (25° C.). The corrosive medium was a 5 wt % NaCl solution. The corrosion specimen was a disc-shaped aluminum nitride-reinforced AMC specimen with a size of @15 mm×3 mm. The corrosion time was 24 h. The weight loss of the AMC specimens before and after corrosion was measured, and the annual corrosion rate of the aluminum nitride-reinforced AMC specimens (unit: mm/a) was calculated based on the surface area of the AMC specimens.

(4) Wear resistance: the aluminum nitride-reinforced AMC samples in each example were tested for friction and wear using an MFT-R4000 high-speed reciprocating friction and wear tester. The test load was 30 N, the test time was 5 min, the friction length was 5×10−3 m, and the friction ball was a φ4 mm Al2O3material. A wear volume of the material after friction and wear was measured using a three-dimensional topography instrument to obtain a wear rate. A calculation formula for the wear rate W was as follows: W=m/N·L, where W represents the wear rate (g/N·m); m represents the wear mass (g); N represents the load (N); and L represents the total stroke (m).

TABLE 1TensileThermalWearCorrosionItemstrengthElongationconductivityrateresistanceUnitMPa%W/m·k×10−10mm/ag/N · mExample 1716.511.33200.030.103Example 2720.212.03230.020.095Example 3722.912.43250.020.085Example 4727.012.63300.010.071Example 5730.512.93320.010.066Comparative689.39.62860.220.293Example 1Comparative641.79.13020.270.361Example 2

As shown in Table 1, the aluminum nitride-reinforced AMC involved in each example of the present disclosure show better thermal conductivity, mechanical properties, corrosion resistance, and wear resistance than those of the comparative examples; the combined use of Mg, Ta, nano-titanium carbide, In, rare earth element, meso-tetramethyl-tetra-(p-aminophenyl) calix[4] pyrrole, and aluminum nitride nanofiber is beneficial for improving the above properties.

The above examples are intended to illustrate only the technical conception and characteristics of the present disclosure, and are intended to enable a person familiar with the technology to understand content of the present disclosure and apply the content accordingly, and shall not limit the scope of protection of the present disclosure thereby. Any equivalent change or modification in accordance with the spiritual essence of the present disclosure shall fall within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.