Patent ID: 12215038

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

The technical solutions of the present disclosure are described below with reference to the specific examples, but the protection scope of the present disclosure is not limited thereto. The present disclosure first prepares precursor solutions of different raw materials, and then assembles the precursor solution on the surface of an inorganic salt under the induction of a volatile solvent. The present disclosure is described in further detail below.

EXAMPLE 1

PEO117-b-PS113(molecular weight 16,700 g·mol−1, 0.1 g) was dissolved and dispersed into 10.0 g of a tetrahydrofuran (THF) solution, and 2.0 g of a THF-soluble phenolic formaldehyde resin precursor (20 wt %, including 0.25 g of phenol and 0.15 g of fortnaldehyde) was added. Magnetic stirring was continued for 0.5 h at room temperature to generate a uniform transparent solution. A certain amount of mixed solution was added into a solid crystal powder of inorganic salt NaCl. Lower than 0.03 MPa/30-120 s suction filtration (or 3,000 rpm/3 min centrifugation) was carried out. A small amount of precursor solution was attached to a NaCl crystal surface. A yielded solid was placed in a jar to evaporate the solvent at room temperature for 12 h. Then the solvent was transferred to an oven at 35° C. to continuously evaporate for 15 h. The temperature was adjusted to 100° C. to continuously evaporate for 15 h. The solid was taken out and calcinated in a tube furnace at 300° C. in N2for 3 h at a heating rate of 1° C./min so as to decompose the template. A resulting product was cooled, and washed 3-5 times with deionized water to remove the NaCl template, thereby obtaining a two-dimensional (2D) single-layer ordered mesoporous polymer nanosheet with a pore size of 27 nm. If the solid was calcinated in a tube furnace at 600° C. in N2for 3 h at a heating rate of 1° C./min, the finally obtained 2D single-layer ordered mesoporous carbon nanosheet had a pore size of 23 nm.

EXAMPLE 2

PEO117-h-PS113(molecular weight 16,700 g·mol−1, or F127) and tetrabutyl titanate (TROT, 0.2 g) were dissolved and dispersed into 10 mL of a THF solution. Concentrated hydrochloric acid (0.1 mL, 37%) and acetic acid (0.1 mL, 98%) were added. Magnetic stirring was continued for 0.5 h at room temperature. A certain amount of mixed solution was added into a solid crystal powder of inorganic salt NaCl. Lower than 0.03 MPa/30-120 s suction filtration (or 3,000 rpm/3 min centrifugation) was carried out. A small amount of precursor solution was attached to a NaCl crystal surface. A yielded solid was placed in a jar to evaporate the solvent at room temperature for 15 h. Then the solvent was transferred to an oven at 40° C. to continuously evaporate for 18 h. The temperature was adjusted to 105° C. to continuously evaporate for 24 h. The solid was taken out and calcinated in a tube furnace at 350° C. in N2for 2 h at a heating rate of 1° C./min so as to decompose the template. The solid was taken out and calcinated in a muffle furnace at 430° C. for 2 h at a heating rate of 1° C./min. A resulting product was cooled, and washed 3-5 times with deionized water to remove the NaCl template, thereby obtaining a 2D single-layer ordered mesoporous nanosheet TiO2with a pore size of 18 nm.

EXAMPLE 3

PEO117-h-PS113(molecular weight 16,700 g·mol−1, 40 mg) and ethyl orthosilicate (TEOS, 0.2 g) were dissolved and dispersed into 4.0 g of a THF solution. 0.1 M hydrochloric acid (0.06 g) was added. Magnetic stirring was continued for 0.5 h at room temperature to generate a uniform solution. A certain amount of mixed solution was added into a solid crystal powder of inorganic salt NaCl. Lower than 0.03 MPa/30-120 s suction filtration (or 3,000 rpm/3 min centrifugation) was carried out. A small amount of precursor solution was attached to a NaCl crystal surface. A yielded solid was placed in a jar to evaporate the solvent at room temperature for 18 h. Then the solvent was transferred to an oven at 42° C. to continuously evaporate for 18 h. The temperature was adjusted to 95° C. to continuously evaporate for 20 h. The solid was taken out and calcinated in a tube furnace at 350° C. in N2for 3 h at a heating rate of 1° C./min so as to decompose the template. The solid was taken out and calcinated in a muffle furnace at 600° C. for 2 h at a heating rate of 1° C./min. A resulting product was cooled, and washed 3-5 times with deionized water to remove the NaCl template, thereby obtaining a 2D single-layer ordered mesoporous nanosheet SiO2with a pore size of 25 nm.

EXAMPLE 4

PEO117-b-PS113(molecular weight 16,700 gmol−1, 0.1 g) was dissolved and dispersed into 10.0 g of a tetrahydrofuran (THF) solution, and 0.5 g of aluminum acetylacetonate was added. Then concentrated nitric acid (0.17 mL) was added, and magnetic stirring was continued for 12 h at room temperature. A certain amount of mixed solution was added into a solid crystal powder of inorganic salt NaCl. Lower than 0.03 MPa/30-120 s suction filtration (or 3,000 rpm/3 min centrifugation) was carried out. A small amount of precursor solution was attached to a NaCl crystal surface. A yielded solid was placed in a jar to evaporate the solvent at room temperature for 20 h. Then the solvent was transferred to an oven at 45° C. to continuously evaporate for 22 h. The temperature was adjusted to 98° C. to continuously evaporate for 22 h. The solid was taken out and calcinated in a tube furnace at 400° C. in N2for 2 h at a heating rate of 3° C./min so as to decompose the template. A resulting product was cooled, and transferred to a muffle furnace to calcinate at 630° C. in air for 3 h at a rate of 1° C./min. The product was cooled, and washed 3-5 times with deionized water to remove the NaCl template, thereby obtaining a 2D single-layer ordered mesoporous nanosheet Al2O3.

EXAMPLE 5

PEO117-b-PS113(molecular weight 16,700 gmol−1, 0.1 g) was dissolved and dispersed into 10.0 g of a THF solution, and 0.3 g of zirconium acetylacetonate was added. 0.15 mL of concentrated hydrochloric acid was added, and magnetic stirring was continued for 8 h at room temperature. A certain amount of mixed solution was added into a solid crystal powder of inorganic salt NaCl. Lower than 0.03 MPa/30-120 s suction filtration (or 3,000 rpm/3 min centrifugation) was carried out. A small amount of precursor solution was attached to a NaCl crystal surface. A yielded solid was placed in a jar to evaporate the solvent at room temperature for 20 h. Then the solvent was transferred to an oven at 38° C. to continuously evaporate for 20 h. The temperature was adjusted to 102° C. to continuously evaporate for 24 h. The solid was taken out and calcinated in a tube furnace at 350° C. in N2for 3 h at a heating rate of 1° C./min so as to decompose the template. The solid was taken out and calcinated in a muffle furnace at 450° C. for 2 h at a heating rate of 5° C./min. A resulting product was cooled, and washed 3-5 times with deionized water to remove the NaCl template, thereby obtaining a 2D single-layer ordered mesoporous nanosheet ZrO2.

EXAMPLE 6

PEO117-b-PS113(molecular weight 16,700 g·mol−1, 0.1 g) was dissolved and dispersed into 4 mL of an N,N-dimethylformamide/ethanol mixed solution. Then 0.15 g of zirconium acetylacetonate and 0.104 g of TBOT were added. Magnetic stirring was continued for 2 h at room temperature. A certain amount of mixed solution was added into a solid crystal powder of inorganic salt NaCl. Lower than 0.03 MPa/30-120 s suction filtration (or 3,000 rpm/3 min centrifugation) was carried out. A small amount of precursor solution was attached to a NaCl crystal surface. A yielded solid was placed in a jar to evaporate the solvent at room temperature for 24 h. Then the solvent was transferred to an oven at 40° C. to continuously evaporate for 24 h. The temperature was adjusted to 105° C. to continuously evaporate for 24 h. The solid was taken out and calcinated in a tube furnace at 350° C. in N2for 3 h at a heating rate of 1° C./min so as to decompose the template. A resulting product was cooled, and transferred to a muffle furnace to calcinate at 450° C. for 2 h at a heating rate of 1° C./min. A resulting product was cooled, and washed 3-5 times with deionized water to remove the NaCl template, thereby obtaining a 2.1) single-layer ordered mesoporous polymer nanosheet ZrTiO4.

EXAMPLE 7

PEO117-b-PS113(molecular weight 16,700 gmol−1, 0.1 g) was dissolved and dispersed into 10.0 g of a THF solution, and 0.4 g of zirconium acetylacetonate and 0.4 g of CeCl3·6H2O were added. Magnetic stirring was continued for 2 h at room temperature. A certain amount of mixed solution was added into a solid crystal powder of inorganic salt NaCl. Lower than 0.03 MPa/30-120 s suction filtration (or 3,000 rpm/3 min centrifugation) was carried out. A small amount of precursor solution was attached to a NaCl crystal surface. A yielded solid was placed in a jar to evaporate the solvent at room temperature for 24 h. Then the solvent was transferred to an oven at 35° C. to continuously evaporate for 24 h. The temperature was adjusted to 95° C. to continuously evaporate for 24 h. The solid was taken out and calcinated in a tube furnace at 350° C. in N2for 3 h at a heating rate of 1° C./min so as to decompose the template. A resulting product was cooled, and transferred to a muffle furnace to calcinate at 450° C. in air for 2 h at a rate of 5° C./min. The product was cooled, and washed 3-5 times with deionized water to remove the NaCl template, thereby obtaining a 2D single-layer ordered mesoporous polymer nanosheet Ce0.5Zr0.5O2.

EXAMPLE 8

A CeO2nanocrystal with a particle size of <5 nm was synthesized by pyrolysis, and the CeO2nanocrystal was subjected to surface hydrophilic treatment with 4-hydroxybenzoic acid to serve as a metal precursor, PEO117-b-PS113(molecular weight 16,700 g·mol−1, 20 mg) was dissolved and dispersed in 2.0 g of a THF solution. 40 mg of the modified CeO2nanocrystal was dispersed in 2.0 mL of an anhydrous ethanol solution. These solutions were mixed uniformly and stirred at room temperature for 2 h. A certain amount of mixed solution was added into a solid crystal powder of inorganic salt NaCl. Lower than 0.03 MPa/30-120 s suction filtration (or 3,000 rpm/3 min centrifugation) was carried out. A small amount of precursor solution was attached to a NaCl crystal surface. A yielded solid was placed in a jar to evaporate the solvent at room temperature for 20 h, Then the solvent was transferred to an oven at 40° C. to continuously evaporate for 24 h. The temperature was adjusted to 100° C. to continuously evaporate for 24 h. The solid was taken out and calcinated in a tube furnace at 350° C. in N2for 3 h at a heating rate of 1° C./min so as to decompose the template. The solid was taken out and calcinated in a muffle furnace at 450° C. for 2 h at a heating rate of 5° C./min. A resulting product was cooled, and washed3-5times with deionized water to remove the NaCl template, thereby obtaining a 2D single-layer ordered mesoporous nanosheet CeO2with a pore size of 27 nm. If the template was replaced with PEO234-b-PS266with a higher molecular weight (molecular weight 39,000 g˜mol−1, 20 mg), the finally obtained nanosheet had a pore size of 35 nm. If the template was replaced with PEO468-b-PS307(molecular weight 51,000 g·mol−1, 20 mg), the finally obtained nanosheet had a pore size of 48 nm.

The preferred specific examples of the present disclosure are described in detail above. It should be understood that a person of ordinary skill in the art can make various modifications and variations according to the concept of the present disclosure without creative efforts. Therefore, all technical solutions derived by those skilled in the art through logical analysis, reasoning or finite experiments based on the concept of the present disclosure should fall within the protection scope defined by the appended claims.