Patent ID: 12258709

DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

A preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings, if necessary. In the drawings, the same elements are respectively assigned the same reference numerals, and overlapping description is omitted. A positional relationship among the top, the bottom, the left, and the right, for example, is based on a positional relationship illustrated in the drawings, unless otherwise noted. Further, dimensional ratios in the drawings are not limited to illustrated ratios.

A chemical solution spraying method according to the present embodiment is used in a dry part of a paper-making machine.

FIG.1is a schematic view illustrating a dry part of a paper-making machine using a chemical solution spraying method according to the present embodiment.

As illustrated inFIG.1, a dry part DP of a paper-making machine includes a plurality of cylindrical dryer rolls (Yankee dryers) D1, D2, D3, D4, D5, D6, D7, D8, and D9(hereinafter referred to as “D1to D9”) for heating and drying wet paper X, doctor blades DK each brought into contact with any of the dryer rolls D1, D3, D5, D7, and D9, a canvas K1for pressing the wet paper X against respective surfaces of the dryer rolls D1to D9, a breaker stack roll B that rotates while temporarily pressing the wet paper X heated and dried by the dryer rolls D1to D9, and a calendar roll C that rotates while pressing the wet paper X temporarily pressed by the breaker stack roll B. That is, the dry part DP includes as components at least the dryer rolls D1to D9, the canvas K1, the breaker stack roll B, and the calendar roll C.

Examples of the wet paper X to be approximately adoptable include conventional ones. However, among them, wet paper containing 50% by mass or more of recycled pulp is favorably used, and wet paper containing 90% by mass or more of recycled pulp is more favorably used. In this case, an amount in which the wet paper X absorbs a chemical solution tends to increase. Accordingly, an effect of the present invention can be more exhibited.

The conveyance speed (speed per second) of the wet paper X is 500 m/min or more, preferably 500 to 1800 m/min, and more preferably 500 to 1300 m/min. In this case, the productivity is improved, thereby making it possible to manufacture paper products at lower cost.

The chemical solution spraying method according to the present embodiment is favorably used for the canvas K1in the dry part DP.

In the dry part DP, when the canvas K1contacts the wet paper X that travels, the canvas K1, together with the wet paper X, travels at the same speed as that of the wet paper X, and is guided by each of the dryer rolls D1to D9(hereinafter also referred to as a “first guidance”). That is, the canvas K1is guided by the dryer rolls D1to D9with the canvas K1contacting the wet paper X. At this time, the canvas K1sequentially brings the wet paper X into pressure contact with the respective surfaces of the dryer rolls D1to D9. Accordingly, a chemical solution on a surface of the canvas K1is absorbed in the wet paper X with time, and the wet paper X is heated and dried by the dryer rolls D1to D9.

When the wet paper X and the canvas K1pass through the dryer rolls D1to D9, the wet paper X is separated from the canvas K1and is guided to the breaker stack roll B.

On the other hand, the canvas K1that has separated from the wet paper X is guided by a canvas roll (hereinafter also referred to as an “outside canvas roll OR”) positioned outside the canvas K1and a canvas roll (hereinafter also referred to as an “inside canvas roll IR”) positioned inside the canvas K1(hereinafter also referred to as a “second guidance”).

At this time, the canvas K1has a loop shape in a side view. At this time, any point on the surface of the canvas K1alternately passes through the first guidance and the second guidance.

The canvas K1travels at the same speed as the conveyance speed of the wet paper integrally with the wet paper X while pressing the wet paper X against each of the dryer rolls D1to D9, as described above. If the conveyance speed of the wet paper X and a traveling speed Vp of the canvas K1differ from each other, the surface of the wet paper X may be rubbed to fuzz.

Therefore, the traveling speed Vp of the canvas K1is 500 m/min or more, preferably 500 to 1800 m/min, and more preferably 500 to 1300 m/min, like the conveyance speed of the wet paper X.

A length K of the canvas K1is 20 to 80 m, and preferably 40 to 70 m.

If the length K of the canvas K1is less than 20 m, the canvas K1may easily wear. If the length K of the canvas K1exceeds 80 m, there is a disadvantage that a space is required because the device becomes enormous.

In the chemical solution spraying method, when both the traveling speed Vp of the canvas and the length K of the canvas are respectively set within the above-described ranges, the productivity is improved, thereby making it possible to manufacture paper products at lower cost.

In the first guidance, a time period Tc during which any point on the surface of the canvas K1is in contact with the wet paper X is 0.03 seconds or more, preferably 0.05 seconds or more, and more preferably 0.05 to 5 seconds.

If the time period Tc during which the canvas K1is in contact with the wet paper X is less than 0.03 seconds, a difference from the conventional technique is small, and a specific effect of the present invention is not obtained.

In the second guidance, a time period during which any point on the surface of the canvas K1travels is not particularly limited.

In the first guidance, a distance at which any point on the surface of the canvas K1travels while contacting the wet paper X is preferably 0.5 to 16 m.

If the distance at which any point on the surface of the canvas K1travels while contacting the wet paper X is less than 0.5 m, there is a disadvantage that drying unevenness easily occurs because drying of the wet paper X more depends on some of the dryer rolls than when the distance is within the above-described range. If the distance at which any point on the surface of the canvas K1travels while contacting the wet paper X exceeds 16 m, there is a disadvantage that the device more increases in size than when the distance is within the above-described range.

In the second guidance, the chemical solution is sprayed by a nozzle device S at a position indicated by an arrow P illustrated inFIG.1toward the canvas K1. That is, in a time period elapsed until the canvas K1contacts the first outside canvas roll OR after separating from the wet paper X, the nozzle device S sprays the chemical solution onto the canvas K1.

This makes it possible to also transfer the chemical solution to the outside canvas roll OR that contacts the surface side of the canvas K1. As a result, an effect based on the chemical solution can also be provided to the outside canvas roll OR. When the transfer of the chemical solution to the outside canvas roll OR is saturated, a transfer amount of the chemical solution on the surface of the canvas K1to the outside canvas roll OR is reduced, thereby enabling a sufficient amount of the chemical solution to remain on the surface of the canvas K1.

The canvas K1has a loop shape, as described above. Accordingly, when the canvas K1is traveled, any point on the surface of the canvas K1returns to the same position via the first guidance and the second guidance after an elapse of a predetermined time period. That is, one cycle is performed by passing through the first guidance and the second guidance. Thus, the canvas K1repeatedly contacts the wet paper X every time it travels by an amount corresponding to one cycle.

At this time, a number of times of contact N of any point of the canvas K1with the wet paper X during a time period Tn required for the nozzle device S to one-way move, described below, satisfies a relationship of N=(Tn·Vp)/K.

This makes it possible to apply, even when the chemical solution is sprayed while reciprocating the nozzle device S in the width direction with respect to the canvas K1that travels at high speed, the chemical solution as uniformly as possible to the surface of the canvas K1and enables a sufficient amount of the chemical solution to remain thereon.

The number of times of contact N is a number of times one cycle is repeated during the time period Tn.

Specifically, the number of times of contact N is preferably 20 to 80, and more preferably 30 to 60.

If the number of times of contact N is less than 20, an amount of the chemical solution to be absorbed by the wet paper X is reduced, while an amount of the chemical solution remaining on the canvas D1is increased. Accordingly, the canvas K1may be contaminated by a solid content contained in the chemical solution itself. If the number of times of contact N exceeds 80, the amount of the chemical solution to be absorbed by the wet paper is increased, whereby the amount of the chemical solution may be partially insufficient on the canvas K1.

Although a material for the canvas K1is not particularly limited, an example of the material to be favorably used is polyethylene, polypropylene, polyester, polyacrylic, polyamide, polyphenylene sulfide, Nomex, their copolymers, or their polymer alloys.

As a tissue of the canvas K1, a fabric, a nonwoven fabric, a braid, or the like can be appropriately adopted.

Although the type of the canvas K1is not particularly limited, an example of the type to be favorably used is a woven canvas using a monofilament, a multifilament, or a spun yarn as each of a warp yarn and a weft yarn or a spiral canvas using a plurality of spiral coils made of synthetic resin and a core wire of a multifilament.

The air permeability of the canvas K1is preferably 2000 to 50000 cm3/cm2·min.

If the air permeability of the canvas K1is less than 2000 cm3/cm2·min, the canvas K1is more easily clogged with contaminants than when the air permeability thereof is within the above-described range, and the contaminants may not be removable in normal cleaning. If the air permeability of the canvas K1exceeds 50000 cm3/cm2·min, the wet paper X may be unable to be sufficiently brought into pressure contact with the dryer roll side in the first guidance than when the air permeability thereof is within the above-described range.

FIG.2is a schematic perspective view illustrating a state where the nozzle device sprays the chemical solution onto the canvas in the chemical solution spraying method according to the present embodiment.

As illustrated inFIG.2, in the chemical solution spraying method, two nozzle devices S arranged with a predetermined spacing each spray the chemical solution onto the canvas K1while being reciprocated at the same speed along a rail L extending in the width direction of the canvas K1with the canvas K1traveled.

In the chemical solution spraying method, the two nozzle devices S are used. Thus, a spray region taken charge of by each of the nozzle devices S can be reduced. This makes it possible to efficiently apply the chemical solution to the canvas K1.

At this time, in the chemical solution spraying method, the spray amount of the chemical solution to be maintained on the surface of the dryer roll at the time of an operation is 0.1 to 500 mg/m2, preferably 0.3 to 500 mg/m2, more preferably 1 to 250 mg/m2, and still more preferably 1.5 to 95 mg/m2as an effective component amount.

The “effective component amount” means a total amount of components such as an oil, a surface active agent, resin, and an inorganic salt other than water in the chemical solution. That is, the spray amount means an effective component amount contained in the chemical solution applied to the canvas K1per 1 m2.

If the spray amount of the chemical solution is less than 0.3 mg/m2as an effective component amount, the chemical solution is absorbed in the wet paper X, and thus an effect based on the chemical solution cannot be sufficiently exhibited. If the spray amount of the chemical solution exceeds 500 mg/m2as an effective component amount, a solid content contained in the chemical solution itself may cause contamination.

In the chemical solution spraying method, the two nozzle devices S have the same structure and both reciprocate in the width direction along the rail L by a belt (not illustrated) incorporated in the rail L.

At this time, the nozzle device S on one side reciprocates between a position P1of the rail L corresponding to one end of the wet paper X and a position P3of the rail L corresponding to the center of the wet paper X.

The nozzle device S on the other side reciprocates between the position P3of the rail L corresponding to the center of the wet paper X and a position P2of the rail L corresponding to the other end of the wet paper X.

Movement control of these is performed using a plurality of sensors (not illustrated) attached to the rail L.

This results in an improved application efficiency of the chemical solution, thereby making it possible to more uniformly apply the chemical solution to the entire canvas K1in the chemical solution spraying method.

Each of the nozzle devices S momentarily sprays the chemical solution in a fan shape in a front view toward the canvas K1. The front view means viewing from the upstream side or the downstream side in the traveling direction of the canvas K1.

Therefore, the nozzle device S sprays the chemical solution in a fan shape extending in the width direction of the canvas K1or in a radial shape.

A spray width W of the chemical solution in the canvas K1in a case where the nozzle device S momentarily sprays the chemical solution onto the canvas K1is preferably 1.5 to 15 cm, and more preferably 3 to 9 m.

If the spray width W is less than 1.5 cm, there is a disadvantage that a time period elapsed until the nozzle device S reciprocates and spreads the chemical solution again is longer and the number of times of contact N of the wet paper is larger than when the spray width W is within the above-described range. If the spray width W exceeds 15 cm, there is a disadvantage that an efficiency of adhesion to a target is more reduced by scattering at an end of the spray width due to low impact than when the spray width W is within the above-described range. The spray width W means a maximum width of a spray portion of the chemical solution in the width direction of the canvas K1.

In the chemical solution spraying method, a distance of one way in which each of the nozzle devices S moves corresponds to half of a paper width R of the wet paper X. That is, a distance of reciprocation in which the nozzle device S moves corresponds to the paper width R of the wet paper X.

The paper width R of the wet paper X to be used is favorably 5 m or more from the viewpoint of the productivity, and is more favorably 5 to 13 m from the viewpoint of the yield.

FIGS.3(a) and3(b)are development views each corresponding to a single rotation of the canvas in a case where the chemical solution is sprayed onto the canvas in the chemical solution spraying method according to the present embodiment.

In the chemical solution spraying method, the nozzle device S continuously sprays the chemical solution while moving in the width direction while the canvas K1rotates once. Accordingly, as illustrated inFIGS.3(a) and3(b), the chemical solution forms a spray portion having a shape of a parallelogram in the development views corresponding to a single rotation of the canvas.

For example, if the spray width W of the chemical solution is larger than a movement distance H of the nozzle device S while the canvas K1rotates once, spray portions overlap each other, as illustrated inFIG.3(a). On the other hand, if the spray width W of the chemical solution is smaller than a movement distance H of the nozzle device S while the canvas K1rotates once, a gap occurs between the spray portions, as illustrated inFIG.3(b).

Therefore, to apply the chemical solution to the canvas K1such that no gap occurs between the spray portions, the movement distance H of the nozzle device S and the spray width W of the chemical solution while the canvas K1rotates once are preferably set to satisfy H W.

This makes it possible to calculate an average movement speed Va of the nozzle device S capable of applying the chemical solution such that no gap occurs.

The nozzle device S reciprocates at the predetermined speed Vc along the rail L. In respective folded portions on both sides, the speed of the nozzle device S does not exceed the above-described predetermined speed Vs, although accompanied by deceleration and acceleration.

The predetermined speed Vc can be set by dividing the movement distance H of the nozzle device S by a time period during which the canvas K1rotates once (the length K of the canvas K1/the traveling speed Vp).

The movement distance H of the nozzle device S while the canvas K1rotates once is preferably 0.5 to 45 cm, and more preferably 0.5 to 30 cm.

If the movement distance H is less than 0.5 cm, there is a disadvantage that a time period elapsed until the nozzle device S reciprocates and spreads the chemical solution again is longer and the number of times of contact of the wet paper X, described below, is larger than when the movement distance H is within the above-described range. If the movement distance H exceeds 45 cm, there is a disadvantage that an efficiency of adhesion to a target is more reduced by scattering at an end of the spray width due to low impact than when the movement distance H is within the above-described range.

The average movement speed Va of the nozzle device S is set in view of the predetermined speed Vc and the deceleration and the acceleration in the folded portions, described above.

Specifically, the average movement speed Va of the nozzle device S is preferably 0.5 to 6 m/min. In this case, it is possible for the nozzle device S to stably spray the chemical solution.

The time period Tn required for the nozzle device S to one-way move is calculated from the paper width R of the wet paper and the average movement speed Va of the nozzle device S to satisfy the relationship of Tn=R/2Va. A time period required to one-way move is a time period obtained by reducing a time period required for the nozzle device S to reciprocate to half, and does not matter whether one way is an outward path or a return path.

The time period Tn can be thus calculated, thereby enabling, even when the paper width has changed by changing a setup of the wet paper, for example, a sufficient amount of the chemical solution to remain on the surface of the canvas by adjusting the movement speed or the like of the nozzle device.

Specifically, the time period Tn required for the nozzle device S to one-way move is preferably 0.5 to 10 minutes, and more preferably 1 to 8 minutes.

If the time period Tn is less than 0.5 minute, friction between the nozzle device S and the rail L is great, which may cause a failure. If the time period Tn exceeds 10 minutes, a time period elapsed until the nozzle device S reciprocates and spreads the chemical solution again is long, and thus an effect based on the chemical solution tends to be difficult to obtain.

It is also possible to fix the time period Tn required for the nozzle device S to one-way move in this range and change the paper width R of the wet paper or the average movement speed Va of the nozzle device S to satisfy the above-described equation.

When the canvas K1is a fabric made of polyethylene and the chemical solution is sprayed under a temperature condition of 30 to 130 degrees, an absolute value of a zeta potential of the chemical solution is preferably 3 to 100 mV, and more preferably 20 to 80 mV.

If the absolute value of the zeta potential is less than 3 mV, an adsorption force of the chemical solution to the canvas K1is smaller than when the absolute value of the zeta potential is within the above-described range. Accordingly, an amount of the chemical solution remaining on the canvas K1may be insufficient. If the absolute value of the zeta potential exceeds 100 mV, the adsorption force of the chemical solution to the canvas K1is larger than when the absolute value of the zeta potential is within the above-described range. Accordingly, the amount of the chemical solution remaining on the canvas K1is too large. As a result, the canvas K1may be contaminated by a solid content contained in the chemical solution itself.

Examples of the chemical solution to be used in the chemical solution spraying method include an antifouling agent composition, a release agent composition, and a cleaning agent composition.

Among them, the chemical solution is preferably an antifouling agent composition containing at least an antifouling agent and water. In this case, it is possible to prevent paper powder or pitch contained in the wet paper from adhering to the canvas K1.

The antifouling agent preferably contains at least one type selected from a group consisting of an amino-modified silicone oil, an epoxy-modified silicon oil, a polyether-modified silicone oil, polybutene, a vegetable oil, and a synthetic ester oil, and more preferably contains an amino-modified silicone oil, a synthetic ester oil, or a vegetable oil.

When the antifouling agent contains at least one type of silicone-based oil selected from a group consisting of an amino-modified silicone oil, an epoxy-modified silicon oil, and a polyether-modified silicone oil, the pH thereof is preferably 3.0 to 6.0, the median diameter of its emulsion is preferably 0.05 to 1.2 μm, the viscosity thereof is preferably 100 mPa·s or less, and the zeta potential thereof is preferably 23 to 80 mV.

When the antifouling agent contains at least one type of non-silicone-based oil selected from a group consisting of polybutene, a vegetable oil, and a synthetic ester oil, the pH thereof is preferably 8.5 to 10.5, the median diameter of its emulsion is preferably 0.05 to 1.2 μm, the viscosity thereof is preferably 100 mPa·s or less, and the zeta potential thereof is preferably −80 to −15 mV.

Although the preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment.

In the chemical solution spraying method according to the present embodiment, the nozzle device S sprays the chemical solution onto the canvas K1in a time period elapsed until the canvas K1contacts the first outside canvas roll OR after separating from the wet paper X. However, in addition thereto, the number of nozzle devices S may be further increased to spray a chemical solution onto a canvas K1. In this case, a position of the nozzle device S to be added may be on the upstream side or the downstream side of an outside canvas roll OR with respect to traveling of the canvas K1.

In the chemical solution spraying method according to the present embodiment, although the movement distance H of the nozzle device S and the spray width W of the chemical solution while the canvas K1rotates once are set to satisfy H≤W in order to apply the chemical solution to the canvas K1such that no gap occurs between the spray portions, such a calculation method is not essential. That is, the predetermined speed Vc of the nozzle device S may be calculated as a condition under which a gap occurs between the spray portions. Even if the gap occurs between the spray portions, the nozzle device S sprays the chemical solution while repeatedly reciprocating. Accordingly, the gap will be solved in the near future.

Although in the chemical solution spraying method according to the present embodiment, the chemical solution is sprayed using the two nozzle devices S, the chemical solution spraying method can also be used when the chemical solution is sprayed using three or more nozzle devices S.

EXAMPLES

The present invention will be further specifically described below by way of examples, but the present invention is not limited to the examples.

Examples 1 to 14 and Comparative Examples 1 to 24

In an actual paper-making machine as illustrated inFIG.1, a chemical solution was sprayed onto a canvas K1using two nozzle devices S, as illustrated inFIG.2.

A paper width R of wet paper used at this time was 6 m, and a spray width W of the chemical solution was 8 cm.

Examples of the chemical solutions to be used in examples 1 to 10 and comparative examples 1 to 16, examples 11 to 12 and comparative examples 17 to 20, and examples 13 and 14 and comparative examples 21 to 24 were respectively an antifouling agent composition (Clean Keeper PBS0304D (an amino-modified silicone oil) manufactured by Maintech Co., Ltd.) having a zeta potential of 56.8 mV, an antifouling agent composition (a polyether-modified silicone oil as a main component) having a zeta potential of 0 mV, and an antifouling agent composition (a main component: a synthetic ester oil) having a zeta potential of −64.0 mV. Each of the chemical solutions was applied to the canvas K1such that its spray amount was 20 mg/m2as an effective component amount.

Respective conditions of a contact time period Tc (sec) between the canvas and the wet paper, a time period Tn (min) required for each of the nozzle devices to one-way move, a traveling speed Vp (m/min) of the canvas, and a length K (m) of the canvas were adjusted, as illustrated in Table 1, and a number of times of contact N was calculated from the values.

TABLE 1TcTnVpKN(sec)(min)(m/min)(m)(times)Example 10.856.005004567Example 20.853.005004533Example 30.646.008006673Example 40.643.008006636Example 50.513.0010006050Example 60.511.5010006025Example 70.341.5015004550Example 80.341.0015004533Example 90.340.7515004525Example 100.340.6015004520Example 110.513.0010006050Example 120.511.5010006025Example 130.513.0010006050Example 140.511.5010006025Comparative example 10.8510.0050045111Comparative example 20.856.005004517Comparative example 30.851.005004511Comparative example 40.850.75500458Comparative example 50.6410.0080066121Comparative example 60.646.008006618Comparative example 70.641.008006612Comparative example 80.640.75800669Comparative example 90.5110.00100060167Comparative example 100.516.00100060100Comparative example 110.511.0010006017Comparative example 120.510.7510006013Comparative example 130.346.00150045200Comparative example 140.343.00150045100Comparative example 150.340.5015004517Comparative example 160.340.4315004514Comparative example 170.5110.00100060167Comparative example 180.516.00100060100Comparative example 190.511.0010006017Comparative example 200.510.7510006013Comparative example 210.5110.00100060167Comparative example 220.516.00100060100Comparative example 230.511.0010006017Comparative example 240.510.7510006013
[Evaluation Method]

In the examples 1 to 14 and the comparative examples 1 to 24, conditions of contamination due to pitch, paper powder, or the like that had adhered to a surface of the canvas K1after an elapse of five days were visually evaluated.

In the evaluation, a state where no dirt had adhered to the surface of the canvas K1, a state where dirt had adhered to approximately 10 percent of the entire surface of the canvas K1, a state where dirt had adhered to approximately 10 to 30 percent of the entire surface of the canvas K1, and a state where dirt had adhered to 30 percent or more of the entire surface of the canvas K1were respectively set as “Excellent”, “Good”, “Fair”, and “Poor”. If the evaluation is “Excellent”, “Good”, or “Fair”, it can be said that an antifouling effect based on the antifouling agent composition has been exhibited.

Table 2 illustrates obtained results.

TABLE 2Conditions of contaminationExample 1◯Example 2⊚Example 3◯Example 4⊚Example 5⊚Example 6◯Example 7⊚Example 8⊚Example 9◯Example 10◯Example 11◯Example 12ΔExample 13⊚Example 14◯Comparative example 1XComparative example 2XComparative example 3XComparative example 4XComparative example 5XComparative example 6XComparative example 7XComparative example 8XComparative example 9XComparative example 10XComparative example 11XComparative example 12XComparative example 13XComparative example 14XComparative example 15XComparative example 16XComparative example 17XComparative example 18XComparative example 19XComparative example 20XComparative example 21XComparative example 22XComparative example 23XComparative example 24X

As apparent from the results illustrated in Table 2, the chemical solution spraying method in each of the examples 1 to 14 makes it possible to more sufficiently prevent the canvas K1from being contaminated than the chemical solution spraying method in each of the comparative examples 1 to 24. Thus, it can be said that the antifouling agent composition has sufficiently remained on the surface of the canvas K1and an effect produced thereby has been exhibited.

In the examples 1 to 10 each using the antifouling agent composition having an absolute value of the zeta potential of 56.8 mV and the examples 13 and 14 each using the antifouling agent composition having an absolute value of the zeta potential of 64.0 mV, the antifouling effect is more excellent. Further, when the number of times of contact is 33 to 50 among them, the antifouling effect is much more excellent.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY

A chemical solution spraying method according to the present invention is favorably used as a spraying method in a case where a chemical solution is sprayed onto a canvas in a dry part in a paper-making machine. The present invention makes it possible to apply the chemical solution to a surface of the canvas that is in contact with wet paper for a time period Tc of 0.03 seconds or more as uniformly as possible and enables a sufficient amount of the chemical solution to remain thereon while reciprocating a nozzle device in a width direction with respect to the canvas.

REFERENCE SIGNS LIST

10. . . breaker stack roll,C . . . calendar roll,D1, D2, D3, D4, D5, D6, D7, D8, D9. . . dryer roll,DK . . . doctor blade,DP . . . dry part,H . . . movement distance,IR . . . inside canvas roll,K1. . . canvas,L . . . rail,OR . . . outside canvas roll,P1, P2, P3. . . position,R . . . paper width,S . . . nozzle device,W . . . spray width, andX . . . wet paper.