Patent ID: 12197085

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Technical solutions in some embodiments of the present disclosure will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Obviously, the described embodiments are merely some but not all embodiments of the present disclosure. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art on the basis of the embodiments of the present disclosure shall be included in the protection scope of the present disclosure.

Unless the context requires otherwise, throughout the description and the claims, the term “comprise” and other forms thereof such as the third-person singular form “comprises” and the present participle form “comprising” are construed as open and inclusive meaning, i.e., “including, but not limited to.” In the description of the specification, the terms such as “one embodiment”, “some embodiments”, “exemplary embodiments”, “example”, “specific example” or “some examples” are intended to indicate that specific features, structures, materials or characteristics related to the embodiment(s) or example(s) are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present disclosure. Schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment(s) or example(s). In addition, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described herein may be included in any one or more embodiments or examples in any suitable manner.

Hereinafter, the terms “first” and “second” are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying the relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with “first”, “second” may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the embodiments of the present disclosure, term “a plurality of/the plurality of” means two or more unless otherwise specified.

In the description of some embodiments, the terms “coupled” and “connected” and their derivatives may be used. For example, the term “connected” may be used in the description of some embodiments to indicate that two or more components are in direct physical or electric contact with each other. For another example, the term “coupled” may be used in the description of some embodiments to indicate that two or more components are in direct physical or electric contact. However, the term “coupled” or “communicatively coupled” may also mean that two or more components are not in direct contact with each other, but still cooperate or interact with each other. The embodiments disclosed herein are not necessarily limited to the contents herein.

The phrase “at least one of A, B and C” has a same meaning as the phrase “at least one of A, B or C”, and they both include the following combinations of A, B and C: only A, only B, only C, a combination of A and B, a combination of A and C, a combination of B and C, and a combination of A, B and C.

The phrase “A and/or B” includes the following three combinations: only A, only B, and a combination of A and B.

As used herein, the term “if” is optionally construed as “when” or “in a case where” or “in response to determining” or “in response to detecting”, depending on the context. Similarly, the phrase “if it is determined” or “if [a stated condition or event] is detected” is optionally construed as “in a case where it is determined” or “in response to determining” or “in a case where [the stated condition or event] is detected” or “in response to detecting [the stated condition or event]”, depending on the context.

The use of the phrase “applicable to” or “configured to” herein means an open and inclusive expression, which does not exclude devices that are applicable to or configured to perform additional tasks or steps.

In addition, the use of the phrase “based on” is meant to be open and inclusive, since a process, step, calculation or other action that is “based on” one or more of the stated conditions or values may, in practice, be based on additional conditions or values other than those stated.

As used herein, the terms such as “same”, “opposite”, “equal”, “parallel” and “perpendicular” include a stated value and an average value within an acceptable range of deviation of a particular value. The acceptable range of deviation is determined by a person of ordinary skill in the art in view of measurement in question and errors associated with measurement of a particular quantity (i.e., limitations of a measurement system). For example, the term “same” includes absolutely same and approximately same, where a range of approximately same is within an acceptable range of deviation.

Exemplary embodiments are described herein with reference to sectional views and/or plan views as idealized exemplary drawings. In the accompanying drawings, thicknesses of layers and sizes of regions are enlarged for clarity. Variations in shapes relative to the accompanying drawings due to, for example, manufacturing technologies and/or tolerances may be envisaged. Therefore, the exemplary embodiments should not be construed as being limited to the shapes of regions shown herein, but include deviations in the shapes due to, for example, manufacturing. For example, an etching region shown as a rectangle generally has a curved feature. Thus, the regions shown in the accompanying drawings are schematic in nature, and their shapes are not intended to show actual shapes of the regions in a device, and are not intended to limit the scope of the exemplary embodiments.

Embodiments of the present disclosure provides a display device, e.g., a display device using an advanced super dimension switch (ADS) mode.

For example, the display device may be any device that displays images whether in motion (e.g., video) or stationary (e.g., still images) and regardless of literal or graphical. The display device may be one of a variety of display devices including, but not limit to, mobile phones, wireless devices, personal digital assistants (PDAs), hand-held or portable computers, global positioning system (GPS) receivers/navigators, cameras, moving picture experts group 4 (MP4) video players, video cameras, game consoles, flat panel displays, computer monitors and automobile displays (e.g., automobile tachographs or reverse images), etc.

For example, the display device includes a liquid crystal display panel and a backlight module, and the backlight module is used for providing the liquid crystal display panel with light for display.

Referring toFIGS.1A to1I, the liquid crystal display panel1includes a first base substrate11and a second base substrate12that are arranged opposite to each other. Materials of the first base substrate11and the second base substrate12may be the same, for example, are both glass, and may, of course, also be different, which is not limited in the present disclosure.

A liquid crystal layer14is provided between the first base substrate11and the second base substrate12. The liquid crystal layer14includes a first alignment film141and a second alignment film142that are arranged opposite to each other, and a second liquid crystal molecular layer140located between the first alignment film141and the second alignment film142. The first alignment film141is configured to anchor a part, proximate to the first alignment film141, of second liquid crystal molecules140′ in the second liquid crystal molecular layer140, so that the part of second liquid crystal molecules140′ proximate to the first alignment film141have a first pretilt angle α. The second alignment film142is configured to anchor a part, proximate to the second alignment film142, of the second liquid crystal molecules140′ in the second liquid crystal molecular layer140, so that the part of second liquid crystal molecules140′ proximate to the second alignment film142have a second pretilt angle β. A direction of the first pretilt angle α is opposite to a direction of the second pretilt angle β.

Referring toFIGS.1A to1G, for example, the part of second liquid crystal molecules140′ proximate to the first alignment film141are a layer of second liquid crystal molecules140′ closest to the first alignment film141, and the part of second liquid crystal molecules140′ proximate to the second alignment film142are a layer of second liquid crystal molecules140′ closest to the second alignment film142.

As an illustration,FIGS.1A to1Gonly show the layer of second liquid crystal molecules140′ closest to the first alignment film141and the layer of second liquid crystal molecules140′ closest to the second alignment film142in the second liquid crystal molecular layer140.

An optical compensation layer15is provided on a side of the first alignment film141or the second alignment film142away from the second liquid crystal molecular layer140, and the optical compensation layer15includes a third alignment film151and a first liquid crystal molecular layer150. The third alignment film151is configured to anchor first liquid crystal molecules150′, proximate to the third alignment film, in the first liquid crystal molecular layer150, so that the first liquid crystal molecules150′ proximate to the third alignment film151have a third pretilt angle γ. An extending direction of orthogonal projections of long axes of the first liquid crystal molecules150′ on a plane where the third alignment film151is located is parallel or perpendicular to an extending direction of orthogonal projections of long axes of second liquid crystal molecules140′ anchored by the first alignment film141and the second alignment film142on the plane where the third alignment film151is located.

Referring toFIGS.1A to1G, for example, the first liquid crystal molecules150′ proximate to the third alignment film151are a layer of first liquid crystal molecules150′ closest to the third alignment film151.

As an illustration,FIGS.1A to1Ionly show the layer of first liquid crystal molecules150′, closest to the third alignment film151, in the first liquid crystal molecular layer150.

It will be noted that the state of the liquid crystal display panel1shown inFIGS.1A to1Iis a state of the liquid crystal display panel1when no voltage is applied thereto.

For liquid crystal molecules, they may be classified into rod-like liquid crystal molecules and discotic liquid crystal molecules according to their shape. As for the rod-like liquid crystal molecule, a direction of a long axis thereof is a direction of an optical axis, whereas as for the discotic liquid crystal molecule, a direction of a short axis thereof is a direction of an optical axis. In some embodiments, first liquid crystal molecules150′ in the first liquid crystal molecular layer150are rod-like liquid crystal molecules. In some embodiments, the second liquid crystal molecules140′ in the second liquid crystal molecular layer140are rod-like liquid crystal molecules.

In some embodiments, the second liquid crystal molecules140′ may be positive liquid crystal molecules or negative liquid crystal molecules. Since the use of negative liquid crystal molecules as the second liquid crystal molecules140′ may make a light transmittance of the display panel higher in an L255 state, the liquid crystal display panel1adopting the negative liquid crystal molecules has a higher contrast ratio and a better display effect.

An alignment film may make at least a part of liquid crystal molecules in a pre-tilted state, so that included angles are formed between long axes of the at least a part of liquid crystal molecules and a plane where the alignment film is located. In some embodiments of the present disclosure, a pretilt angle refers to an acute angle formed between the long axis of the rod-like liquid crystal molecule and an alignment direction of the alignment film, and a straight line where the long axis of the rod-like liquid crystal molecule with the pretilt angle is located is intersected with the plane where the alignment film is located.

The pretilt angle presented by the second liquid crystal molecule140′ is an acute angle between the long axis of the second liquid crystal molecule140′ and an alignment direction of the first alignment film141(or an alignment direction of the second alignment film142) when the liquid crystal display panel1is not powered on or a voltage difference between a pixel electrode and a common electrode is 0.

The pretilt angle presented by the first liquid crystal molecule150′ is an acute angle between the long axis of the first liquid crystal molecule150′ and an alignment direction of the third alignment film151when the liquid crystal display panel1is not powered on or the voltage difference between the pixel electrode and the common electrode is 0.

For example, the alignment direction of the first alignment film141is the same as the alignment direction of the second alignment film142. For example, referring toFIGS.1A to1I, the alignment direction of the first alignment film141and the alignment direction of the second alignment film142are both a first direction, e.g., an X-axis (in a three-dimensional coordinate system) direction, which is schematically a left-right direction of a paper surface inFIGS.1A to1I.

For example, the alignment direction of the third alignment film151is the same as alignment directions of the first alignment film141and the second alignment film142. For example, referring toFIGS.1A to1G, alignment directions of the first alignment film141, the second alignment direction142and the third alignment direction151are all the first direction.

For another example, the alignment direction of the third alignment film151is perpendicular to the alignment directions of the first alignment film141and the second alignment film142. For example, referring toFIGS.1H and1I, the alignment directions of the first alignment film141and the second alignment film142are the first direction, and the alignment direction of the third alignment film151is a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, e.g., a Y-axis (in the three-dimensional coordinate system) direction, which is schematically an inside-outside direction perpendicular to the paper surface inFIGS.1H and1I.

In a case where the alignment direction of the third alignment film151is the same as the alignment directions of the first alignment film141and the second alignment film142, if the tilt angle is not taken into consideration, the first liquid crystal molecules150′ are parallel to the second liquid crystal molecules140′ anchored by the first alignment film141and the second alignment film142. If the tilt angle is taken into consideration, the second liquid crystal molecules140′ anchored by the first alignment film141have the first pretilt angle α, the second liquid crystal molecules140′ anchored by the second alignment film142have the second pretilt angle β, and the first liquid crystal molecules150′ anchored by the third alignment film151have the third pretilt angle γ. The first pretilt angle α is an acute angle between a straight line where the long axis of the second liquid crystal molecule140′ anchored by the first alignment film141is located and the first direction, the second pretilt angle β is an acute angle between a straight line where the long axis of the second liquid crystal molecule140′ anchored by the second alignment film142is located and the first direction, and the third pretilt angle γ is an acute angle between a long axis direction of the first liquid crystal molecule150′ anchored by the third alignment film151and the second direction. Orthogonal projections of straight lines (for example, the dotted line indicated by C inFIGS.1A and1B) where the long axes of the first liquid crystal molecules150′ are located on the plane where the third alignment film151is located are parallel to orthogonal projections of straight lines (for example, the dotted lines indicated by A and B inFIGS.1A and1B) where the long axes of the second liquid crystal molecules140′ anchored by the first alignment film141and the second alignment film142are located on the plane where the third alignment film151is located.

In a case where the alignment direction of the third alignment film151is perpendicular to the alignment directions of the first alignment film141and the second alignment film142, for example, referring toFIG.2A, if the tilt angle is not taken into consideration, the first liquid crystal molecules150′ are perpendicular to the second liquid crystal molecules140′ anchored by the first alignment film141and the second alignment film142, and the second liquid crystal molecules140′ anchored by the first alignment film141are parallel to the second liquid crystal molecules140′ anchored by the second alignment film142. If the tilt angle is taken into consideration, the second liquid crystal molecules140′ anchored by the first alignment film141have the first pretilt angle α, the second liquid crystal molecules140′ anchored by the second alignment film142have the second pretilt angle β, and the first liquid crystal molecules150′ anchored by the third alignment film151have the third pretilt angle γ. The first pretilt angle α is the acute angle between the straight line where the long axis of the second liquid crystal molecule140′ anchored by the first alignment film141is located and the first direction, the second pretilt angle β is the acute angle between the straight line where the long axis of the second liquid crystal molecule140′ anchored by the second alignment film142is located and the first direction, and the third pretilt angle γ is the acute angle between the long axis direction of the first liquid crystal molecule150′ anchored by the third alignment film151and the second direction. The orthogonal projections of the straight lines (for example, the dotted line indicated by C inFIG.1H) where the long axes of the first liquid crystal molecules150′ are located on the plane where the third alignment film151is located are perpendicular to the orthogonal projections of the straight lines (for example, the dotted lines indicated by A and B inFIG.1H) where the long axes of the second liquid crystal molecules140′ anchored by the first alignment film141and the second alignment film142are located on the plane where the third alignment film151is located.

The alignment films are made of a polymer material, e.g., polyimide (PI). Alignment directions of the alignment films (including the first alignment film141, the second alignment film142and the third alignment film151) include the first direction, or the first direction and the second direction. Pretilt angles are included angles formed between long axis directions of liquid crystal molecules (including the first liquid crystal molecules150′ and the second liquid crystal molecules140′) and an alignment direction of a corresponding alignment film through a further production process of the alignment film on a basis of determining the alignment direction of the alignment film.

For example, referring toFIG.2B, in a case where the alignment directions of the first alignment film141, the second alignment film142and the third alignment film151are all the first direction, an acute angle between a long axis direction of the second liquid crystal molecule140′ anchored by the first alignment film141and the first direction is the first pretilt angle α, an acute angle between a long axis direction of the second liquid crystal molecule140′ anchored by the second alignment film142and the first direction is the second pretilt angle β, and an acute angle between the long axis direction of the first liquid crystal molecule150′ and the first direction is the third pretilt angle γ.

For another example, referring toFIG.2C, in a case where the alignment direction of the third alignment film151is the second direction, an acute angle between the long axis direction of the first liquid crystal molecule150′ and the second direction is the third pretilt angle γ.

The first alignment film141, the second alignment film142and the third alignment film151may all be formed, for example, through a rubbing alignment process. Rubbing directions of the first alignment film141, the second alignment film142and the third alignment film151include information about the alignment directions and the pretilt angles of the first alignment film141, the second alignment film142and the third alignment film151. That is, the rubbing direction determine the alignment direction, and both the magnitude and direction of the pretilt angle.

For example, referring toFIGS.2D and2E, oblique upward angles are formed on an upper surface (i.e., a surface proximate to the second liquid crystal molecules140′) of the alignment film (e.g., the first alignment film141or the second alignment film142) relative to its lower surface (i.e., a surface of the first alignment film141or the second alignment film142away from the second liquid crystal molecules140′) in a process of performing the rubbing alignment process. For example, referring toFIGS.2D and2E, when rubbing is performed from left to right, slopes oblique to upper right or oblique to lower right are presented from left to right along the alignment direction of the alignment films (including the first alignment film141and the second alignment film142). Although directions of the first pretilt angle α and the second pretilt angle β are different, the first alignment film141and the second alignment film142may be fabricated through a same process in practice. In a fabrication process, a state of the first alignment film141is as shown inFIG.2D. In a using process, referring toFIG.1A, since the first alignment film141and the second alignment film142are arranged opposite to each other, the directions of the first pretilt angle α and the second pretilt angle β are different, but in practice, a rubbing direction of the second alignment film142is the same as the rubbing direction of the first alignment film141in the fabrication process. In a case where the alignment direction of the third alignment film151is the same as the alignment direction of the first alignment film141and the alignment direction of the second alignment film142, rubbing may be performed from left to right, or from right to left. When rubbing is performed from left to right, included angles oblique to upper right or oblique to lower right are presented from left to right along the alignment direction of the third alignment film151. When rubbing is performed from right to left, included angles oblique to upper left (as shown inFIG.2F) or oblique to lower left are presented from right to left along the alignment direction of the third alignment film151. Based on this, the first liquid crystal molecules150′ proximate to the third alignment film151may have the third pretilt angle γ under action of the third alignment film151. Therefore, the rubbing directions of the first alignment film141, the second alignment film142and the third alignment film151may determine the alignment directions of the first alignment film141, the second alignment film142and the third alignment film151, and directions of the pretilt angles of the liquid crystal molecules, respectively.

It will be noted that each alignment direction may include two rubbing directions. For example, the alignment direction is the first direction, which may not only include a rubbing direction from one end to the other end in the first direction (as shown inFIG.2D), but also include a rubbing direction along a path opposite to the “from one end to the other end” (shown inFIG.2F).

Based on the above, it can be understood by those skilled in the art that the rubbing direction may determine a direction of pretilt angles. In a case where alignment directions of alignment films are the same, if rubbing directions are different, directions of pretilt angles may be different. For example, in a case where an alignment direction of an alignment film is the first direction, a direction of pretilt angles generated when rubbing is performed from left to right is opposite to a direction of pretilt angles generated when rubbing is performed from right to left.

Based on the above, in some embodiments, referring toFIGS.1A to1I, the direction of the first pretilt angle α is opposite to the direction of the second pretilt angle β.

The direction of the first pretilt angle α is opposite to the direction of the second pretilt angle β, which means that the direction of the first pretilt angle α and the direction of the second pretilt angle β are opposite relative to a same base substrate, e.g., the first base substrate11.

Referring toFIG.1Jin combination with examples of the first pretilt angle α, the second pretilt angle β and the third pretilt angle γ inFIGS.1A and1B, a planar rectangular coordinate system X′O′Z′ is established at an arbitrary point O′ on a straight line, the straight line is located in the established coordinate system X′O′Z′, and the O′-Z′ direction is a thickness direction of the liquid crystal display panel1. The rectangular coordinate system X′O′Z′ is divided into four quadrants (a first quadrant in which x′ is greater than 0 and z′ is greater than 0, a second quadrant in which x′ is less than 0 and z′ is greater than 0, a third quadrant in which x′ is less than 0 and z′ is less than 0, and a fourth quadrant in which x′ is greater than 0 and z′ is less than 0). In a case where two straight lines both pass through the first quadrant and the third quadrant, directions of the two straight lines may be understood as the same, and further directions of two pretilt angles determined by the two straight lines are the same. In a case where two straight lines both pass through the second quadrant and the fourth quadrant, directions of the two straight lines may also be understood as the same, and further directions of two pretilt angles determined by the two straight lines are also the same. In a case where one straight line passes through the first quadrant and the third quadrant and the other straight line passes through the second quadrant and the fourth quadrant, directions of the two straight lines may be understood to be opposite, and further directions of two pretilt angles determined by the two straight lines are opposite.

Based on the above, referring toFIG.1A, the straight line (the dotted line indicated by A inFIG.1A) where the long axis of the second liquid crystal molecule140′ anchored by the first alignment film141is located passes through the first quadrant and the third quadrant as defined above. The straight line (the dotted line indicated by B inFIG.1A) where the long axis of the second liquid crystal molecule140′ anchored by the second alignment film142is located passes through the second quadrant and the fourth quadrant as defined above. Therefore, the direction of the first pretilt angle α is opposite to the direction of the second pretilt angle β.

In a case where the direction of the first pretilt angle α is opposite to the direction of the second pretilt angle β, structures and fabrication processes of the first alignment film141and the second alignment film142may be completely the same, thereby reducing difficulty of fabricating the first alignment film141and the second alignment film142.

In some embodiments, the direction of orthogonal projections of the long axes of the first liquid crystal molecules150′ on the plane where the third alignment film151is located is parallel to the direction of orthogonal projections of the long axes of the second liquid crystal molecules140′ anchored by the first alignment film141and the second alignment film142on the plane where the third alignment film151is located.

The direction of the orthogonal projections of the long axes of the first liquid crystal molecules150′ on the plane where the third alignment film151is located is parallel to the direction of the orthogonal projections of the long axes of the second liquid crystal molecules140′ anchored by the first alignment film141and the second alignment film142on the plane where the third alignment film151is located, which means that a straight line where the orthogonal projections of the long axes of the first liquid crystal molecules150′ on the plane of the third alignment film151is located is parallel to or overlapped with a straight line where the orthogonal projections of the long axes of the second liquid crystal molecules140′ anchored by the first alignment film141and the second alignment film142on the plane of the third alignment film151is located. In this case, the alignment direction of the third alignment film151is the first direction, and the optical compensation layer15is used to realize forward compensation for the liquid crystal layer14.

Referring toFIGS.1A to1G, the direction of the orthogonal projections of the long axes of the first liquid crystal molecules150′ on the plane where the third alignment film151is located is parallel to the direction of the orthogonal projections of the long axes of the second liquid crystal molecules140′ anchored by the first alignment film141and the second alignment film142on the plane where the third alignment film151is located.

Based on the above, in a case where the alignment direction of the third alignment film151is the same as the alignment directions of the first alignment film141and the second alignment film142, a direction of the third pretilt angle γ is the same as the direction of the first pretilt angle α or the direction of the second pretilt angle β, which means that the direction of the third pretilt angle γ is the same as the direction of the first pretilt angle α or the direction of the second pretilt angle β relative to the same base substrate, e.g., the first base substrate11.

Similarly, referring toFIG.1Jin combination with examples of the first pretilt angle α, the second pretilt angle β and the third pretilt angle γ inFIGS.1A and1B, a planar rectangular coordinate system X′O′Z′ is established at an arbitrarily point O′ on a straight line, the straight line is located in the established coordinate system X′O′Z′, and the O′-Z′ direction is the thickness direction of the liquid crystal display panel1. The rectangular coordinate system X′O′Z′ is divided into four quadrants (a first quadrant in which x′ is greater than 0 and z′ is greater than 0, a second quadrant in which x′ is less than 0 and z′ is greater than 0, a third quadrant in which x′ is less than 0 and z′ is less than 0, and a fourth quadrant in which x′ is greater than 0 and z′ is less than 0). In a case where two straight lines both pass through the first quadrant and the third quadrant, directions of the two straight lines may be understood as the same, and further directions of two pretilt angles determined by the two straight lines are the same. In a case where two straight lines both pass through the second quadrant and the fourth quadrant, directions of the two straight lines may also be understood as the same, and further directions of two pretilt angles determined by the two straight lines are also the same. In a case where one straight line passes through the first quadrant and the third quadrant and the other straight line passes through the second quadrant and the fourth quadrant, directions of the two straight lines may be understood to be opposite, and further directions of two pretilt angles determined by the two straight lines are opposite.

In some embodiments, referring toFIG.1A, in a case where the direction of the third pretilt angle γ is the same as the direction of the second pretilt angle β, a structure and a fabrication process of the third alignment film151are completely the same as structures and fabrication processes of the first alignment film141and the second alignment film142.

In some embodiments, referring toFIG.1B, in a case where the direction of the third pretilt angle γ is the same as the direction of the first pretilt angle α, on a basis that the alignment direction is the first direction, a rubbing direction of the third alignment film151is opposite to a rubbing direction of the first alignment film141. For example, the rubbing direction of the third alignment film151is from right to left, and the rubbing direction of the first alignment film141is from left to right. Fabrication processes of the third alignment film151and the first alignment film141are similar and the alignment directions thereof are the same, which facilitates the fabrication thereof.

In some other embodiments, referring toFIGS.1H and1I, the direction of the orthogonal projections of the long axes of the first liquid crystal molecules150′ on the plane where the third alignment film151is located is perpendicular to the direction of the orthogonal projections of the long axes of the second liquid crystal molecules140′ anchored by the first alignment film141and the second alignment film142on the plane where the third alignment film151is located.

The direction of the orthogonal projections of the long axes of the first liquid crystal molecules150′ on the plane where the third alignment film151is located is perpendicular to the direction of the orthogonal projections of the long axes of the second liquid crystal molecules140′ anchored by the first alignment film141and the second alignment film142on the plane where the third alignment film151is located, which means that the straight line where the orthogonal projections of the long axes of the first liquid crystal molecules150′ on the plane of the third alignment film151is located is perpendicular to the straight line where the orthogonal projections of the long axes of the second liquid crystal molecules140′ anchored by the first alignment film141and the second alignment film142on the plane of the third alignment film151is located. In this case, the alignment direction of the third alignment film151is the second direction, and the optical compensation layer15is used to realize reverse compensation for the liquid crystal layer14.

Referring toFIGS.1H and1I, the direction of the orthogonal projection of the long axis of the first liquid crystal molecule150′ on the plane where the third alignment film151is located is the second direction, and the direction of the orthogonal projection of the long axis of the second liquid crystal molecule140′ on the plane where the third alignment film151is located is the first direction, and thus the directions of the two orthogonal projections are perpendicular.

It can be understood by those skilled in the art that in a case where the direction of the orthogonal projection of the long axis of the first liquid crystal molecule150′ on the plane where the third alignment film151is located is perpendicular to the direction of the orthogonal projection of the long axis of the second liquid crystal molecule140′ on the plane where the third alignment film151is located, an orthogonal projection of the straight line where the long axis of the first liquid crystal molecule150′ is located on the plane where the third alignment film151is located is perpendicular to an orthogonal projection of the straight line where the long axis of the second liquid crystal molecule140′ is located on the plane where the third alignment film151is located.

A relationship between the alignment direction of the third alignment film151and the alignment directions of the first alignment film141and the second alignment film142determines a compensation effect of the optical compensation layer15, and how the optical compensation layer15realizes forward compensation and reverse compensation will be described in detail below on a basis of a comparison with the related art.

A liquid crystal display panel1in the related art (as shown inFIG.3A) has a light leakage problem in an L0 state, which refers to a state in which the liquid crystal display panel1is in a dark state when no voltage is applied thereto, and the backlight module normally provides light. When the liquid crystal display panel1is in the L0 state, and pressure (e.g., pressure generated by pressing) is applied to the liquid crystal display panel1, the liquid crystal display panel1is deformed. A first base substrate11in an array substrate and a second base substrate12in a color filter substrate are deformed due to the pressure and further generate a non-uniform stress, which may change a polarization state of light in the liquid crystal display panel1. However, the first base substrate11and the second base substrate12change the polarization state of the light in the same magnitude and opposite directions, thereby achieving mutual cancellation. For example, as for the structure of the liquid crystal display panel1inFIG.3A, referring to the Poincare sphere diagram shown inFIG.3B, along an exit direction of light, after light exiting from the backlight module passes through a first polarizer18, the polarization state of the light is at the point O, and in this case, the light is linearly polarized light. After the light passes through the first base substrate11, the polarization state of the light is at the point O1under influence of the non-uniform stress, and in this case, the light is elliptically polarized light. After the light passes through a liquid crystal layer14, the light is modulated by liquid crystal molecules, and the polarization state of the light is at the point O2, and in this case, the light is elliptically polarized light. After the light passes through the second base substrate12, the polarization state of the light is at the point O3under the influence of the non-uniform stress, and in this case, the light is elliptically polarized light. There is a distance between the point O3and the point O, that is, the light entering a second polarizer19is elliptically polarized light rather than linearly polarized light, which thus causes a part of the elliptically polarized light to exit from the second polarizer19, and as a result, the light leakage problem occurs in the liquid crystal display panel1.

In addition, the liquid crystal display panel1in the related art also has a problem of light shift. Since the liquid crystal molecules are made of a birefringent material, a phenomenon of birefringence (there are two light components in a long axis direction and a short axis direction) is generated when light enters tilted liquid crystal molecules, which causes a difference in Δn when the liquid crystal display panel1is viewed at different positions, and further leads to a difference in transmittance of light with different wavelengths. Here, Δn is a difference between a refractive index neof extraordinary light and a refractive index noof ordinary light, where the ordinary light is light that obeys the law of refraction, and the extraordinary light is light that does not obey the law of refraction. For positive liquid crystal molecules, the refractive index n0of the ordinary light corresponds to short axes of the liquid crystal molecules no matter what direction light propagates in, and thus the refractive index n0of the ordinary light is constant; the refractive index neof the extraordinary light changes with a direction where light travels, and corresponds to a long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules. Referring toFIG.3A, when the liquid crystal display panel1is viewed at a left side of the liquid crystal display panel1, the viewed light exits in the direction of the arrow L, when the liquid crystal display panel1is viewed at a right side of the liquid crystal display panel1, the viewed light exits in the direction of the arrow R, and when the liquid crystal display panel1is viewed at a front side of the liquid crystal display panel1, the viewed light exits in the direction of the arrow F. When the liquid crystal display panel1is viewed at different positions, effective paths of light passing through the liquid crystal molecule in the liquid crystal layer14may be different. For example, when the liquid crystal display panel1is viewed at the left side, an effective path of light passing through the liquid crystal molecule is S1; when the liquid crystal display panel1is viewed at the front side, an effective path of the light passing through the liquid crystal molecule is S2; and when the liquid crystal display panel1is viewed at the right side, an effective path of the light passing through the liquid crystal molecule is S3. S1is greater than S2and S2is greater than S3(S1>S2>S3). When the effective paths of the light passing through the liquid crystal molecule are different, Δn will be affected and changed. Since n0is constant, and necorresponds to the long axis of the liquid crystal molecule, Δn1 is less than Δn2 and Δn2 is less than Δn3 (Δn1<Δn2<Δn3), where Δn1 is Δn at the left side, Δn2 is Δn at the front side, and Δn3 is Δn at the right side. However, magnitudes of change between S1, S2and S3are not the same as magnitudes of change between Δn1, Δn2 and Δn3, and thus for the liquid crystal display panel1, a product of Δn1 and S1is not equal to a product of Δn2 and S2, and the product of Δn2 and S2is not equal to a product of Δn3 and S3(Δn1×S1≠Δn2×S2≠Δn3×S3). As a result, a color of the liquid crystal display panel1viewed from the left side of the liquid crystal display panel1is different from a color of the liquid crystal display panel1viewed from the right side of the liquid crystal display panel1. Thus, the liquid crystal display panel1has a color cast problem.

Therefore, the liquid crystal display panel1in the related art has the light leakage problem in the L0 state and the color cast problem. However, when the liquid crystal display panel in the embodiments of the present disclosure is in the L0 state, a change in the polarization state of light due to the non-uniform stress generated by deformation of the first base substrate11and the second base substrate12may be mutually cancelled, and the optical compensation layer15may forward or reversely compensate for the change in the polarization state of light caused by the liquid crystal layer14, so that light exiting from the second base substrate12is linearly polarized light. When the light exiting from the second base substrate12is the linearly polarized light, the linearly polarized light will not exit from the liquid crystal display panel1even if pressure is applied to the liquid crystal display panel1. Therefore, the liquid crystal display panel1in the embodiments of the present disclosure does not have the light leakage problem in the L0 state.

The reason why the liquid crystal display panel1does not have the light leakage problem in the L0 state is explained as follows. Since polarizers in the liquid crystal display panel1also affect the polarization state of light, in order to facilitate an analysis of the state of light in the liquid crystal display panel1, it is necessary to conduct an analysis in a case where the liquid crystal display panel1further includes the first polarizer disposed on a side of the first base substrate11away from the liquid crystal layer14and the second polarizer disposed on a side of the second base substrate12away from the liquid crystal layer14.

In a case where the alignment directions of the first alignment film141and the second alignment film142are the same as the alignment direction of the third alignment film151(i.e., the first direction), the optical compensation layer15may forward compensate for the change in the polarization state of light caused by the liquid crystal layer14. That is, the optical compensation layer15functions as forward compensation. Referring to the Poincare sphere diagram shown inFIG.4A, along an exit direction of light, after light exiting from the backlight module passes through the first polarizer, the polarization state of the light is located at the point O, and in this case, the light is linearly polarized light. After the light passes through the first base substrate11, the polarization state of the light is located at the point O1under the influence of the non-uniform stress, and in this case, the light is elliptically polarized light. After the light passes through the liquid crystal layer14, under modulation of phase retardation of the light by the second liquid crystal molecular layer140, the polarization state of the light is located at the point O2, and in this case, the light is elliptically polarized light. After the light passes through the optical compensation layer15, under modulation of phase retardation of the light by the first liquid crystal molecular layer150, the polarization state of the light is located at the point O3that coincides with the point O1, and in this case, the light is elliptically polarized light. After the light passes through the second base substrate12, the polarization state of the light is located at the point O under the influence of the non-uniform stress, and in this case, the light becomes the linearly polarized light again, and thus the light entering the second polarizer is the linearly polarized light. In the L0 state, even if pressure is applied to the liquid crystal display panel1, the linearly polarized light cannot exit from the second polarizer, and thus the light leakage phenomenon generated when the liquid crystal display panel1is stressed is avoided, and the optical compensation layer15may play a certain compensation role at different viewing angles.

In a case where the alignment directions of the first alignment film141and the second alignment film142are perpendicular to the alignment direction of the third alignment film151, the optical compensation layer15may reversely compensate for the change in the polarization state of light caused by the liquid crystal layer14. That is, the optical compensation layer15functions as reverse compensation. Referring to the Poincare sphere diagram shown inFIG.4B, along an exit direction of light, after light exiting from the backlight module passes through the first polarizer, the polarization state of the light is located at the point O, and in this case, the light is linearly polarized light. After the light passes through the first base substrate11, the polarization state of the light is located at the point O1under the influence of the non-uniform stress, and in this case, the light is elliptically polarized light. After the light passes through the liquid crystal layer14, under modulation of the phase retardation of the light by the second liquid crystal molecular layer140, the polarization state of the light is located at the point O2, and in this case, the light is elliptically polarized light. After the light passes through the optical compensation layer15, under modulation of the phase retardation of the light by the first liquid crystal molecular layer150, the polarization state of the light is located at the point O3, and in this case, the light is elliptically polarized light, and the polarization state O3coincides with the polarization state O1. After the light passes through the second base substrate12, the polarization state of the light is located at the point O under the influence of the non-uniform stress, and in this case, the light becomes the linearly polarized light again, and thus the light entering the second polarizer is the linearly polarized light. In the L0 state, even if pressure is applied to the liquid crystal display panel1, the linearly polarized light cannot exit from the second polarizer, and thus the light leakage phenomenon generated when the liquid crystal display panel1is stressed is avoided, and the optical compensation layer15may play a certain compensation role at different viewing angles.

InFIG.4B, a certain distance exists between the polarization state O3and the polarization state O1only to show a relationship between the polarization state O1to the polarization state O2and the polarization state O2to the polarization state O3. In fact, the polarization state O3coincides with the polarization state O1.

Referring toFIG.4A, in a case where the optical compensation layer15performs forward compensation, the polarization state O1, the polarization state O2and the polarization state O3move clockwise to form a circle. Referring toFIG.4B, in a case where the optical compensation layer15performs reverse compensation, the polarization state O1moves counterclockwise to the polarization state O2, and the polarization state O2moves clockwise to the polarization state O3, and amplitudes from O1to O2and from O2to O3are the same, so that the polarization state O3returns back to the polarization state O1. Therefore, by using the optical compensation layer15to compensate for the phase retardation of the liquid crystal layer14, the light leakage problem of the liquid crystal display panel1in the L0 state may be solved.

A retardation amount of the optical compensation layer15may be adjusted by adjusting relevant parameters (e.g., refractive index property and thickness) of the first liquid crystal molecular layer150, thereby realizing forward compensation or reverse compensation of the optical compensation layer15.

Referring toFIGS.4A and4B, the phase retardation of the liquid crystal layer14is forward or reversely compensated through phase retardation generated after adding the optical compensation layer15, so that the polarization state of the light exiting from the optical compensation layer15moves from the point O2to the point O3, and the point O3coincides with the point O1, thereby solving the light leakage problem at a front viewing angle in the L0 state. Moreover, the optical compensation layer15may play a certain compensation role at different viewing angles, and thus a light leakage luminance of the liquid crystal display panel1in the embodiments of the present disclosure is smaller than a light leakage luminance of the liquid display panel1in the related art when the liquid crystal display panel1is viewed from the left side and the right side. When the liquid crystal display panel1is viewed from the left side and the right side, a display effect of the liquid crystal display panel1may be measured by means of color cast. Therefore, a color cast degree of the liquid crystal display panel1in the embodiments of the present disclosure is lower than a color cast degree of the liquid crystal display panel1in the related art, and a display effect of the liquid crystal display panel1in the embodiments of the present disclosure is better than a display effect of the liquid crystal display panel1in the related art. It will be noted that, the light leakage in the L0 state may be a phenomenon occurring when the liquid crystal display panel1is viewed from the front viewing angle, but the color cast may be a phenomenon occurring when the liquid crystal display panel1is viewed from the left side or the right side (a side viewing angle) in the L0 state, and the color cast may only be perceived by human eyes due to light leakage. Therefore, in the embodiments of the present disclosure, the light leakage luminance of the liquid crystal display panel1is reduced, and a luminance corresponding to the color cast may also be reduced, thereby improving the display effect of the liquid crystal display panel1.

Referring toFIGS.1H and1I, it can be seen from the above analysis, the structure shown inFIGS.1H and1Isolves the light leakage problem at the front viewing angle in the L0 state by utilizing the reverse compensation. The optical compensation layer15may play a certain compensation role at different viewing angles, and thus the light leakage luminance of the liquid crystal display panel1in the embodiments of the present disclosure is smaller than the light leakage luminance of the liquid display panel1in the related art when the liquid crystal display panel1is viewed from the left side and the right side. In addition, a tilt direction of the second liquid crystal molecules140′ anchored by the first alignment film141is opposite to a tilt direction of the second liquid crystal molecules140′ anchored by the second alignment film142, so that as for the liquid crystal layer14, the effective path S1when the liquid crystal display panel1is viewed from the left side is equal to the effective path S3when the liquid crystal display panel1is viewed from the right side, and further Δn1 at the left side of the liquid crystal display panel1is equal to Δn3 at the right side thereof, and a product of Δn1 and S1is equal to a product of Δn3 and S3(Δn1×S1=Δn3×S3). On this basis, since the alignment direction of the third alignment film151is perpendicular to the alignment directions of the first alignment film141and the second alignment film142, and tilt directions of the first liquid crystal molecules150′ are the same, Δn1×S1at the left side and Δn3×S3at the right side are not affected. As a result, display effects viewed from the left side and the right side of the liquid crystal display panel1are the same. Therefore, the liquid crystal display panel1in the embodiments of the present disclosure may solve the color cast problem.

Based on the above, no matter whether the alignment direction of the third alignment film151is the same as or perpendicular to the alignment directions of the first alignment film141and the second alignment film142, since the optical compensation layer15may improve the light leakage phenomenon in the L0 state, and by virtue of the compensation effect of the optical compensation layer15at different viewing angles, the light leakage luminance of the liquid crystal display panel1in the embodiments of the present disclosure is smaller than the light leakage luminance of the liquid display panel1in the related art when the liquid crystal display panel1is viewed from the left side and the right side. The smaller the light leakage luminance is, the lower the luminance of the liquid crystal panel1is, and thus a display difference between different display regions that may be perceived by human eyes is smaller and less obvious when the liquid crystal panel1is viewed. That is, the smaller the light leakage luminance is, the lower the color cast degree is when the liquid crystal display panel1displays images. Therefore, the color cast degree of the liquid crystal display panel1in the embodiments of the present disclosure is lower than the color cast degree of the liquid crystal display panel1in the related art, and the display effect of the liquid crystal display panel1in the embodiments of the present disclosure is better than the display effect of the liquid crystal display panel1in the related art.

In some embodiments, referring toFIGS.1A to1I, the first pretilt angle α, the second pretilt angle β and the third pretilt angle γ are equal in magnitude.

The first pretilt angle α, the second pretilt angle β and the third pretilt angle γ are equal in magnitude, which means that degrees of the pretilt angles are equal regardless of the alignment directions of the alignment films (including the first alignment film141, the second alignment film142and the third alignment film143). No matter whether the alignment direction of the third alignment film151is the same as or perpendicular to the alignment directions of the first alignment film141and the second alignment film142, a magnitude of the third pretilt angle γ may be set to be equal to or approximately equal to a magnitude of the first pretilt angle α and the second pretilt angle β.

In a case where the first pretilt angle α, the second pretilt angle β and the third pretilt angle γ are equal or approximately equal, the difficulty in fabricating each alignment film may be reduced.

In some embodiments, the first pretilt angle α, the second pretilt angle β and the third pretilt angle γ are in a range of 2°±2°.

In some other embodiments, the first pretilt angle α, the second pretilt angle β and the third pretilt angle γ are in a range of 2°±1°.

On this basis, the first pretilt angle α, the second pretilt angle β and the third pretilt angle γ are all, for example, 2°.

In some embodiments, the first pretilt angle α, the second pretilt angle β and the third pretilt angle γ are all, for example, 1° or 3°.

Since the degrees of the first pretilt angle α, the second pretilt angle β and the third pretilt angle γ are all small, for example, 1°, even if the direction of the first pretilt angle α is different from the direction of the second pretilt angle β, the long axis direction of the second liquid crystal molecules140′ proximate to the first alignment film141is approximately parallel to the long axis direction of the second liquid crystal molecules140′ proximate to the second alignment film142. In a case where the alignment direction of the third alignment film151is the same as the alignment direction of the first alignment film141, the long axis direction of the first liquid crystal molecules150′ is approximately the same as the long axis direction of the second liquid crystal molecules140′ anchored by the first alignment film141and the second alignment film142. In a case where the alignment direction of the third alignment film151is perpendicular to the alignment direction of the first alignment film141, the long axis direction of the first liquid crystal molecules150′ is approximately perpendicular to the long axis direction of the second liquid crystal molecules140′ anchored by the first alignment film141and the second alignment film142. The long axis direction of the first liquid crystal molecules150′ is parallel to the long axis direction of the second liquid crystal molecules140′, so that the optical compensation layer15may realize forward compensation for the liquid crystal layer14. The long axis direction of the first liquid crystal molecules150′ is perpendicular to the long axis direction of the second liquid crystal molecules140′, so that the optical compensation layer15may realize reverse compensation for the liquid crystal layer14. Both the forward compensation and the reverse compensation may solve the light leakage problem of the liquid crystal display panel1in the L0 state and improve the color cast phenomenon of the liquid crystal display panel1.

Based on the above, regardless of the magnitudes of the first pretilt angle α and the second pretilt angle β, the orthogonal projections of the long axes of the second liquid crystal molecules140′ on a plane where the first alignment film141, the second alignment film142or the third alignment film151is located are all in the first direction. Regardless of the magnitude of the third pretilt angle γ, in a case where the alignment direction of the third alignment film151is the same as the alignment directions of the first alignment film141and the second alignment film142, the orthogonal projections of the long axes of the first liquid crystal molecules150′ on the plane where the first alignment film141, the second alignment film142or the third alignment film151is located are also in the first direction. In a case where the alignment direction of the third alignment film151is perpendicular to the alignment directions of the first alignment film141and the second alignment film142, the orthogonal projections of the long axes of the first liquid crystal molecules150′ on the plane where the first alignment film141, the second alignment film142or the third alignment film151is located are all in the second direction. Therefore, even if the fabricated first pretilt angle α, second pretilt angle β and third pretilt angle γ are different in magnitude, the liquid crystal layer14and the optical compensation layer15may also be ensured to work normally, which reduces process requirements for fabricating the first pretilt angle α, the second pretilt angle β and the third pretilt angle γ.

The liquid crystal layer14includes the second liquid crystal molecular layer140, and a refractive index of the second liquid crystal molecular layer140satisfies a condition that nxLCis greater than nyLCand nyLCis approximately equal to nzLC(nxLC>nyLC≈nzLC), or a condition that nyLCis greater than nyLCand nyLCis equal to nzLC(nxLC>nyLC=nzLC), where nxLCis a refractive index of the second liquid crystal molecular layer140in the X-axis direction in the plane thereof, nyLCis a refractive index of the second liquid crystal molecular layer140in the Y-axis direction perpendicular to the X-axis in the plane thereof, and dLCis a thickness of the second liquid crystal molecular layer140. The X axis is an optical axis of the second liquid crystal molecule in the second liquid crystal molecular layer140. It will be noted that, in a case where the X axis and the second liquid crystal molecular layer140have a small tilt angle (e.g., a tilt angle less than or equal to 5°) therebetween, the X axis may be considered to be in the plane of the second liquid crystal molecular layer140. An in-plane retardation ROLCof the second liquid crystal molecular layer140is equal to a product of dLCand a difference of nxLCand nyLC(ROLC=(nxLC−nyLC)×dLC). The in-plane retardation of the second liquid crystal molecular layer140may be understood as an actual retardation of light passing through the second liquid crystal molecular layer140in a normal direction (vertical direction). It can be understood that since the phase retardation of the liquid crystal layer14is determined by the second liquid crystal molecular layer140, the in-plane retardation of the second liquid crystal molecular layer140may be regarded as the in-plane retardation of the liquid crystal layer14.

The optical compensation layer15includes the first liquid crystal molecular layer150. A refractive index of the first liquid crystal molecular layer150satisfies a condition that nx1is greater than ny1and ny1is approximately equal to nz1(nx1>ny1≈nz1), or a condition that nx1is greater than ny1and ny1is equal to nz1(nx1>ny1=nz1), where nx1is a refractive index of the first liquid crystal molecular layer150in an X1-axis direction in the plane thereof, ny1is a refractive index of the first liquid crystal molecular layer150in a Y1-axis direction perpendicular to the X1-axis in the plane thereof, and nz1is a refractive index of the first liquid crystal molecular layer150in a thickness direction thereof. The X1axis is an optical axis of the first liquid crystal molecule in the first liquid crystal molecular layer150. It will be noted that, in a case where the X1axis and the first liquid crystal molecular layer150have a small tilt angle (e.g., a tilt angle less than or equal to 5°) therebetween, the X1axis may be considered to be in the plane of the first liquid crystal molecular layer150. It can be understood that in the case where the X1axis and the first liquid crystal molecular layer150have the small tilt angle therebetween, there is a certain difference between ny1and nz1, and in view of the above situation, ny1may be equal to or approximately equal to nz1. An in-plane retardation RO1of the first liquid crystal molecular layer150is equal to a product of d1and a difference of nx1and ny1(RO1=(nx1−ny1)×d1), where nx1is the refractive index of the first liquid crystal molecular layer150in the X1-axis direction in the plane thereof, ny1is the refractive index of the first liquid crystal molecular layer150in the Y1-axis direction perpendicular to the X1-axis in the plane thereof, and d1is a thickness of the first liquid crystal molecular layer150. RO1is the in-plane retardation of the first liquid crystal molecular layer150, which may be understood as an actual retardation of light passing through the first liquid crystal molecular layer150in a normal direction (vertical direction). It can be understood that phase retardation of the optical compensation layer15is determined by the first liquid crystal molecular layer150, and the in-plane retardation of the first liquid crystal molecular layer150may be regarded as the in-plane retardation of the optical compensation layer15. On this basis, it can be understood that the optical compensation layer15may be regarded as a +A compensation film layer.

In some embodiments, in a case where the direction of orthogonal projections of the long axes of the first liquid crystal molecules150′ on the plane where the third alignment film151is located is parallel to the direction of the orthogonal projections of the long axes of the second liquid crystal molecules140′ anchored by the first alignment film141and the second alignment film142on the plane where the third alignment film151is located, a sum of the in-plane retardation of the optical compensation layer15and the in-plane retardation of the liquid crystal layer14is equal to a positive integral multiple of a first wavelength, and the first wavelength is in a range of 535 nm±50 nm. In this structure, the optical compensation layer15plays a role of forward compensation. Therefore, a transmittance of light in the liquid crystal display panel1may be controlled by controlling the sum of the in-plane retardation of the optical compensation layer15and the in-plane retardation of the liquid crystal layer14.

By adjusting refractive index properties of liquid crystal molecules in the optical compensation layer15and/or the liquid crystal layer14and thicknesses of the optical compensation layer15and/or the liquid crystal layer14, the sum of the in-plane retardation of the optical compensation layer15and the in-plane retardation of the liquid crystal layer14may be equal to a positive integral multiple of the first wavelength.

For example, the first wavelength is in a range of 535 nm±50 nm, that is, a minimum value of the first wavelength is 485 nm, a maximum value thereof is 585 nm, and a median value thereof is 535 nm. In a case where the sum of the in-plane retardation of the optical compensation layer15and the in-plane retardation of the liquid crystal layer14is 535 nm, the light leakage at the front viewing angle and the side viewing angle may be reduced significantly when the liquid crystal display panel1is in the L0 state, and the leaked light may be bluish when the liquid crystal display panel1is viewed from the side viewing angle. Compared with color cast of red, yellow and green, the color cast of blue is more easily accepted by people. Therefore, by setting the first wavelength to be in the range of 535 nm±50 nm, the display effect is further improved.

Through experimental verification, in a case where the liquid crystal display panel1in the related art (as shown inFIG.3A) is viewed at different polarization angle positions under a condition that azimuth angles are all 45°, a curve of luminance changing with the polarization angles is L1 (as shown inFIG.5) when a light leakage phenomenon occurs in the liquid crystal display panel1. In a case where the liquid crystal display panel1adopting the structure inFIG.1Ain the embodiments of the present disclosure is viewed at different polarization angle positions, a curve of luminance changing with the polarization angles is L2 (as shown inFIG.5) when a light leakage phenomenon occurs in the liquid crystal display panel1. It can be clearly seen fromFIG.5, when the light leakage phenomenon occurs in the liquid crystal display panel1in the embodiments of the present disclosure, the light leakage luminance of the liquid crystal display panel1in the embodiments of the present disclosure is lower, and thus the light leakage phenomenon of the liquid crystal display panel1in the embodiments of the present disclosure is less obvious than the liquid crystal display panel1in the related art, that is, a quality of the liquid crystal display panel1in the embodiments of the present disclosure is better.

In some embodiments, in the case where the direction of the orthogonal projections of the long axes of the first liquid crystal molecules150′ on the plane where the third alignment film151is located is parallel to the direction of the orthogonal projections of the long axes of the second liquid crystal molecules140′ on the plane where the third alignment film151is located, the in-plane retardation of the optical compensation layer15is in a range of 185 nm±25 nm, and the in-plane retardation of the liquid crystal layer14is in a range of 350 nm±25 nm. For example, a minimum value of the in-plane retardation of the optical compensation layer15is 160 nm, a maximum value thereof is 210 nm, and a median value thereof is 185 nm. For example, a minimum value of the in-plane retardation of the liquid crystal layer14is 325 nm, a maximum value thereof is 375 nm, and a median value thereof is 350 nm.

On this basis, in some other embodiments, the sum of the in-plane retardation of the optical compensation layer15and the in-plane retardation of the liquid crystal layer14is equal to a positive integer multiple of a first wavelength, and the first wavelength is in a range of 535 nm±25 nm.

In some embodiments, the sum of the in-plane retardation of the optical compensation layer15and the in-plane retardation of the liquid crystal layer14is equal to a positive integer multiple of a first wavelength, and the first wavelength is 535 nm. In some other embodiments, in the case where the direction of the orthogonal projections of the long axes of the first liquid crystal molecules150′ on the plane where the third alignment film151is located is parallel to the direction of the orthogonal projections of the long axes of the second liquid crystal molecules140′ anchored by the first alignment film141and the second alignment film142on the plane where the third alignment film151is located, the in-plane retardation of the optical compensation layer15is in a range of 160 nm to 240 nm, and the in-plane retardation of the liquid crystal layer14is in a range of 350 nm±25 nm. For example, the in-plane retardation of the optical compensation layer15is any one of 160 nm, 180 nm, 200 nm, 220 nm and 240 nm.

In a case where the in-plane retardation of the optical compensation layer15is in a range of 160 nm to 240 nm, a forward compensation effect of the optical compensation layer15is good. The in-plane retardation of the optical compensation layer15in such a range is combined with an appropriate in-plane retardation of the liquid crystal layer14, so that combinations of the optical compensation layer15and the liquid crystal layer14may be provided, and the liquid crystal display panel1is ultimately ensured to have a good display effect.

Under the condition that the optical compensation layer15plays a role of forward compensation, the requirement for in-plane retardation have been described above, and under the condition that the optical compensation layer15plays a role of reverse compensation, a requirement for in-plane retardation will be described as follows.

In some embodiments, in a case where the direction of the orthogonal projections of the long axes of the first liquid crystal molecules150′ on the plane where the third alignment film151is located is perpendicular to the direction of the orthogonal projections of the long axes of the second liquid crystal molecules140′ anchored by the first alignment film141and the second alignment film142on the plane where the third alignment film151is located, the optical compensation layer15plays a role of reverse compensation, and in this case, the in-plane retardation of the optical compensation layer15is equal to the in-plane retardation of the liquid crystal layer14. In this structure, since the optical compensation layer15plays the role of reverse compensation, in a case where the in-plane retardation of the optical compensation layer15is equal to the in-plane retardation of the liquid crystal layer14, the optical compensation layer15can completely cancel an influence of the liquid crystal layer14on the polarization state of light.

On this basis, in some embodiments, the in-plane retardation of the liquid crystal layer14is, for example, in a range of 580 nm to 620 nm.

On this basis, the in-plane retardation of the liquid crystal layer14is any one of 580 nm, 590 nm, 600 nm, 610 nm or 620 nm.

Since a wavelength of red light is in a range of 625 nm to 740 nm, and a wavelength of green light is in a range of 492 nm to 577 nm, the in-plane retardation of the liquid crystal layer14and the in-plane retardation of the optical compensation layer15are relatively close to the wavelengths of red light and green light, and further the liquid crystal layer14and the optical compensation layer15have a low transmittance relative to red light and green light. That is, by setting the in-plane retardation of the liquid crystal layer14and the optical compensation layer15to be in a range of 580 nm to 620 nm, the amount of transmission of red light and green light may be reduced. However, a wavelength of blue light is in a range of 440 nm to 475 nm that is quite different from the setting range of the in-plane retardation of the liquid crystal layer14and the optical compensation layer15, so that a transmittance of blue light is relatively high. In this way, when the liquid crystal display panel1displays images in a dark state (in the L0 state), the color of the liquid crystal display panel1appears blue no matter whether the liquid crystal display panel1is viewed from the left side or the right side, which further prevents the problem of color cast from occurring in the liquid crystal display panel1.

For example, the in-plane retardation of the liquid crystal layer14is any one of 580 nm, 590 nm, 600 nm, 610 nm or 620 nm. In a case where the in-plane retardation of the liquid crystal layer14is 600 nm, this value is relatively close to the wavelength of red light or the wavelength of green light.

Of course, the optical compensation layer15may also be a +B compensation layer or any other compensation layer that plays the same role as the optical compensation layer15in the present application.

In some embodiments, referring toFIG.1F, the third alignment film151is disposed on a side of the first base substrate11proximate to the liquid crystal layer14.

In some embodiments, referring toFIGS.1D and1E, the third alignment film151is disposed on a side of the first base substrate11away from the liquid crystal layer14.

In some other embodiments, referring toFIGS.1A and1B, the third alignment film151is disposed on a side of the second base substrate12proximate to the liquid crystal layer14.

In some embodiments, as shown inFIG.1C, the third alignment film151is disposed on a side of the second base substrate12away from the liquid crystal layer14.

Based on the above, referring toFIGS.1A to1G, the alignment direction of the third alignment film151is the same as the alignment directions of the first alignment film141and the second alignment film142.

In some other embodiments, referring toFIGS.1H and1I, the third alignment film151is disposed on a side of the second base substrate12proximate to the liquid crystal layer14.

The alignment direction of the third alignment film151is perpendicular to the alignment directions of the first alignment film141and the second alignment film142.

The first liquid crystal molecules150′ in the optical compensation layer15are cured in the optical compensation layer15, and positions and pretilt angles of the first liquid crystal molecules150′ are fixed and are not affected by an electric field in the liquid crystal display panel1. Therefore, a position of the optical compensation layer15may be changed according to different design requirements and process requirements, thereby improving adaptability of the optical compensation layer15to different liquid crystal display panels1.

In some embodiments, referring toFIGS.6A to6C, the optical compensation layer15further includes a third base substrate13, and the third base substrate13and the third alignment film151are located on the same side or opposite sides of the first liquid crystal molecular layer150.

In some embodiments, the third base substrate13is made of the same material as the first base substrate11and the second base substrate12.

In some other embodiments, a thickness of the third base substrate13is less than or equal to a thickness of the first base substrate11and/or a thickness of the second base substrate12.

Referring toFIGS.6A and6B, the third base substrate13and the third alignment film151are located on both sides of the first liquid crystal molecular layer150.

InFIG.6A, the alignment direction of the third alignment film151is the same as the alignment directions of the first alignment film141and the second alignment film142. InFIG.6B, the alignment direction of the third alignment film151is perpendicular to the alignment directions of the first alignment film141and the second alignment film142.

Referring toFIG.6C, the third alignment film151is located on the third base substrate13, that is, the third alignment film151and the third base substrate13are located on the same side of the first liquid crystal molecular layer150, and the alignment direction of the third alignment film151is the same as the alignment directions of the first alignment film141and the second alignment film142.

In some other embodiments, the third alignment film151is located on the third base substrate13, that is, the third alignment film151and the third base substrate13are located on the same side of the first liquid crystal molecular layer150, and the alignment direction of the third alignment film151is perpendicular to the alignment directions of the first alignment film141and the second alignment film142.

After the third base substrate13is provided in the liquid crystal display panel1, in a case where the third alignment film151and the third base substrate13are located on opposite sides of the first liquid crystal molecular layer150, the third base substrate13has a planarization function, which facilitates subsequent fabrication of other film layers such as the second alignment film142on a side of the third base substrate13away from the first liquid crystal molecular layer150. In a case where the third alignment film151and the third base substrate13are located on the same side of the first liquid crystal molecular layer150, the third alignment film151may be directly fabricated on the third base substrate13, then the third base substrate13and the second base substrate12are assembled to form a cell, and the first liquid crystal molecules150′ are injected thereinto to form the first liquid crystal molecular layer150, so that the third alignment film151may be fabricated independently, and process conditions (e.g., high temperature) in a process of fabricating the third alignment film151will not affect other film layers, such as a thin film transistor layer, which has been fabricated on the first base substrate11or the second base substrate12.

In some other embodiments, referring toFIG.6C, the third alignment film151and the second alignment film142are disposed on opposite sides of the third base substrate13. For example, in a thickness direction of the third base substrate13, the opposite sides of the third base substrate13are an upper surface and a lower surface of the third base substrate13.

In a case where the third alignment film151and the second alignment film142are disposed on the opposite sides of the third base substrate13, it is convenient to directly fabricate the third alignment film151and the second alignment film142on the third base substrate13, so that fabrication processes of the third alignment film151and the second alignment film142are more independent than fabrication processes of other structures (e.g., structures formed on the first base substrate11and the second base substrate12) in the liquid crystal display panel1. Other film layers need to be fabricated on the first base substrate11and the second base substrate12, for example, the thin film transistor layer needs to be fabricated on the first base substrate11, and a filter layer needs to be fabricated on the second base substrate12. Therefore, when fabrication processes of the third alignment film151and the second alignment film142are independent relative to other structures in the liquid crystal display panel1, a manufacturing efficiency of the liquid crystal display panel1may be improved, and an influence on the other structures when the third alignment film151and the second alignment film142are fabricated may be avoided.

In some embodiments, referring toFIGS.6D to6G, the optical compensation layer15further includes a fourth alignment film152, and the fourth alignment film152is disposed on a side of the third base substrate13away from the liquid crystal layer14, or on a side of the second base substrate12proximate to the liquid crystal layer14. The fourth alignment film152is configured to anchor a part, proximate to the fourth alignment film152, of first liquid crystal molecules150′ in the first liquid crystal molecular layer150, so that the part of first liquid crystal molecules150′ proximate to the fourth alignment film152have a fourth pretilt angle θ. An alignment direction of the fourth alignment film152is the same as the alignment direction of the third alignment film151, and a direction of the fourth pretilt angle θ is opposite to or the same as the direction of the third pretilt angle γ.

Referring toFIG.6D, the fourth alignment film152is disposed on a side of the third base substrate13away from the liquid crystal layer14, and the third alignment film151is disposed on a side of the second base substrate12proximate to the liquid crystal layer14. That is, the third alignment film151and the fourth alignment film152are arranged opposite to each other.

In some embodiments, referring toFIGS.6E to6G, the third alignment film151is disposed on a side of the third base substrate13away from the liquid crystal layer14, and the fourth alignment film152is disposed on a side of the second base substrate12proximate to the liquid crystal layer14.

The alignment direction of the fourth alignment film152is the same as the alignment direction of the third alignment film151. The alignment direction of the third alignment film151may be the same as the alignment directions of the first alignment film141and the second alignment film142, and in this case, the alignment direction of the third alignment film151is the first direction; or the alignment direction of the third alignment film151may also be perpendicular to the alignment directions of the first alignment film141and the second alignment film142, and in this case, the alignment direction of the third alignment film151is the second direction. Therefore, the alignment direction of the fourth alignment film152includes the first direction or the second direction.FIGS.6E and6Fare illustrated by taking an example in which the alignment direction of the third alignment film151is the same as the alignment directions of the first alignment film141and the second alignment film142.

In some embodiments, referring toFIGS.6D and6E, in a case where the first liquid crystal molecules150′ in the first liquid crystal molecular layer150are of a one-layer structure, the third alignment film151and the fourth alignment film152anchor the layer of first liquid crystal molecules150′ simultaneously, and the fourth pretilt angle θ has the same magnitude and the same direction as the third pretilt angle γ. In this structure, the fourth alignment film152may increase an anchoring force to the first liquid crystal molecules150′, and further fixes the positions of the first liquid crystal molecules150′.

In some other embodiments, referring toFIGS.6F and6G, in a case where the first liquid crystal molecules150′ in the first liquid crystal molecular layer150are of a multi-layer (at least two-layer) structure, the third alignment film151may anchor a part of first liquid crystal molecules150′ proximate thereto, the fourth alignment film152may anchor a part of first liquid crystal molecules150′ proximate thereto, the magnitude of the fourth pretilt angle θ is equal to or approximately equal to the magnitude of the third pretilt angle γ. In a case where the direction of the fourth pretilt angle θ is the same as the direction of the third pretilt angle γ, arrangement directions of the first liquid crystal molecules150′ in the whole first liquid crystal molecular layer150are the same or approximately the same. Referring toFIG.6G, in a case where the direction of the fourth pretilt angle θ is opposite to the direction of the third pretilt angle γ, when the liquid crystal display panel1is viewed from different viewing angles, phase differences of light passing through first liquid crystal molecules150′ at different positions in the first liquid crystal molecular layer150may be equal or approximately equal, and polarization states thereof are the same, thereby further enhancing the capability of the liquid crystal display panel1to improve the color cast. Since the fourth alignment film152is used in combination with the third alignment film151, the first liquid crystal molecules150′ may be of the multi-layer structure, which increases selectable types of liquid crystal molecules that may be used as the first liquid crystal molecules150′, and further may reduce the production cost of the liquid crystal display panel1to a certain extent.

In some embodiments, referring toFIG.6D, the fourth alignment film152and the second alignment film142are disposed on opposite sides of the third base substrate13.

The fourth alignment film152and the second alignment film142are fabricated on the third base substrate13, and the fabrication process is relatively simple.

In some embodiments, referring toFIG.7, the third alignment film151is disposed on a side of the second base substrate12proximate to the liquid crystal layer14, a planarization layer16is further provided on a side of the first liquid crystal molecular layer150proximate to the liquid crystal layer14, and the second alignment film142is disposed on a side of the planarization layer16proximate to the liquid crystal layer14.

The planarization layer16is also referred to as an over coat (OC) layer, the planarization layer16may be made of an organic material, such as polyimide. The planarization layer16mainly plays a role of planarization. After the planarization layer16is provided on the side of the first liquid crystal molecular layer150away from the second base substrate12, a relatively flat surface may be provided for subsequent fabrication of the second alignment film142, so as to improve a quality of the fabricated second alignment film142.

In some embodiments, thicknesses of the first alignment film141, the second alignment film142, the third alignment film151and the fourth alignment film152are, for example, in a range of 0.01 μm to 10 μm.

The thicknesses of the alignment films (including the first alignment film141to the fourth alignment film152) within the above thickness range are small, which is beneficial to achieving lightness and thinness of the liquid crystal display panel1.

In some other embodiments, as shown inFIGS.6D to6G, the first pretilt angle α, the second pretilt angle β, the third pretilt angle γ and the fourth pretilt angle θ are equal in magnitude.

In some embodiments, the first pretilt angle α, the second pretilt angle β, the third pretilt angle γ and the fourth pretilt angle θ are in a range of 2°±28.

For example, the first pretilt angle α, the second pretilt angle β, the third pretilt angle γ and the fourth pretilt angle θ are all equal to 2°.

For another example, the first pretilt angle α, the second pretilt angle β, the third pretilt angle γ and the fourth pretilt angle θ are all equal to 4°.

It will be noted that, there is no case where the first pretilt angle α, the second pretilt angle β, the third pretilt angle γ and the fourth pretilt angle θ are equal to 0°. In addition, the above description of directions of the pretilt angles (the first pretilt angle α to the fourth pretilt angle θ) is based on relative positions of the pretilt angles in the liquid crystal display panel1.

Specific values of the first pretilt angle α, the second pretilt angle β, the third pretilt angle γ and the fourth pretilt angle θ may be selected according to actual needs and process conditions, so as to reduce the difficulty of manufacturing the liquid crystal display panel1.

In some embodiments, the first base substrate11is, for example, a base in the array substrate, and the second base substrate12is, for example, a base in the color filter substrate.

It will be noted that the states of the liquid crystal display panel1shown inFIGS.6A to6GandFIG.7are states of the liquid crystal display panel1when no voltage is applied thereto.

Based on this, in some embodiments, referring toFIGS.8A to9B, a functional film layer17is further provided on the first base substrate11. The functional film layer17and the optical compensation layer15are disposed on opposite sides of the liquid crystal layer14, or the functional film layer17and the liquid crystal layer14are disposed on opposite sides of the optical compensation layer15. The functional film layer17includes, for example, a thin film transistor layer, a pixel electrode layer, a common electrode layer, data lines, insulating layers and the like, and a specific position and a specific structure of each film layer in the functional film layer17are determined according to different design requirements, and are not limited in the present disclosure. Positions of the functional film layer17, the liquid crystal layer14and the optical compensation layer15may be selected according to requirements under a condition that the liquid crystal display panel1may be ensured to work normally, so that a position arrangement of each film layer in the liquid crystal display panel1is more flexible.

For example, referring toFIG.8B, the thin film transistor layer170in the functional film layer17is disposed on a side of the first base substrate11proximate to the liquid crystal layer14, and the thin film transistor layer170includes a plurality of thin film transistors. Sources and drains of the thin film transistors and data lines171are fabricated by using a same conductive material in the same layer. A first insulating layer172, a common electrode layer173, a second insulating layer174, a pixel electrode layer175and a third insulating layer176that are all sequentially stacked are provided on a side of the data line171away from the first base substrate11. The pixel electrode175includes a plurality of strip-shaped electrodes spaced apart from one another, the common electrode layer173includes a common electrode in a planar structure, and the pixel electrode and the common electrode are both transparent. Materials of the first insulating layer172, the second insulating layer174and the third insulating layer176may be an inorganic material, such as at least one of silicon oxide and silicon nitride, or an organic material, such as polyimide, which is not limited in the present disclosure.

In the structure as shown inFIG.8B, the pixel electrode layer175is closer to the liquid crystal layer14than the common electrode layer173, and thus the pixel electrode is of a strip-shaped structure and the common electrode is of a planar structure. In some other embodiments, the common electrode layer173is closer to the liquid crystal layer14than the pixel electrode layer175, and thus the common electrode is of a strip-shaped structure and the pixel electrode is of a planar structure. In yet some other embodiments, the pixel electrode and the common electrode both are of a strip-shaped structure.

On this basis, referring toFIGS.9A and9B, the liquid crystal display panel1further includes the first polarizer18and the second polarizer19, and a polarization direction of the first polarizer18and a polarization direction of the second polarizer19are perpendicular to or approximately perpendicular to each other.

For example, the first polarizer18is disposed on a side of the first base substrate11away from the liquid crystal layer14, and the second polarizer19is disposed on a side of the second base substrate12away from the liquid crystal layer14.

The first polarizer18and the second polarizer19are used for changing the polarization state of light, the first polarizer18is used to make light exiting from the backlight module become linearly polarized light, and the second polarizer19is used to make light having the same polarization direction as the second polarizer19exit. It can be understood by those skilled in the art that, when the liquid crystal display panel1is in the L0 state, a direction of the linearly polarized light entering the second polarizer19is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the second polarizer19, and thus the linearly polarized light cannot exit from the second polarizer19.

Referring toFIG.10, embodiments of the present disclosure further provide a method of manufacturing the liquid crystal display panel1, and the method includes S1to S5.

In S1, a first alignment film141is formed on a side of a first base substrate11.

A material of the first alignment film141is, for example, polyimide, which is coated on the first base substrate11, for example, by a coating method, and then an alignment rubbing process of the first alignment film141is performed, and through the alignment rubbing process, an alignment direction of the first alignment film141and a magnitude and a direction of a first pretilt angle α may be determined.

In S2, a third alignment film151is formed on a side of a second base substrate12.

An alignment direction of the formed third alignment film151is the same as or perpendicular to the alignment direction of the first alignment film141.

Referring toFIGS.1A to1G, the alignment direction of the third alignment film151is the same as the alignment direction of the first alignment film141, that is, both are the first direction. Referring toFIGS.1H to1I, the alignment direction of the third alignment film151is perpendicular to the alignment direction of the first alignment film141, that is, the alignment direction of the third alignment film151is the second direction.

In S3, a first liquid crystal molecular layer150is formed on the third alignment film151and is cured, so that first liquid crystal molecules150′ in the first liquid crystal molecular layer150have a third pretilt angle γ.

Curing of the first liquid crystal molecular layer150is achieved, for example, by adding a polymer, such as a photopolymer or a thermal polymer, to the first liquid crystal molecules150′ and then curing the polymer by ultraviolet light, heating, etc.

In S4, a second alignment film142is formed on the first liquid crystal molecular layer150.

An alignment direction of the formed second alignment film142is the same as the alignment direction of the first alignment film141.

For example, referring toFIGS.1A to1I, alignment directions of the first alignment film141and the second alignment film142are both the first direction. In S5, the first base substrate11on which the first alignment film141has been formed and the second base substrate12on which the second alignment film142has been formed are assembled to form a cell, and a second liquid crystal molecular layer140is formed between the first alignment film141and the second alignment film142. A part, proximate to the first alignment film141, of second liquid crystal molecules140′ in the second liquid crystal molecular layer140have a first pretilt angle α, a part, proximate to the second alignment film142, of second liquid crystal molecules140′ in the second liquid crystal molecular layer140have a second pretilt angle β, and a direction of the first pretilt angle α is opposite to a direction of the second pretilt angle β. An extending direction of orthogonal projections of long axes of second liquid crystal molecules140′ anchored by the first alignment film141and the second alignment film142on a plane where the third alignment film151is located is parallel or perpendicular to an extending direction of orthogonal projections of long axes of first liquid crystal molecules150′ anchored by the third alignment film151on the plane where the third alignment film151is located.

In a case where the alignment direction of the third alignment film151is the same as the alignment directions of the first alignment film141and the second alignment film142, the direction of the orthogonal projections of the long axes of the second liquid crystal molecules140′ anchored by the first alignment film141and the second alignment film142on the plane where the third alignment film151is located is parallel to the direction of the orthogonal projections of the long axes of the first liquid crystal molecules150′ anchored by the third alignment film151on the plane where the third alignment film151is located. In a case where the alignment direction of the third alignment film151is perpendicular to the alignment directions of the first alignment film141and the second alignment film142, the direction of the orthogonal projections of the long axes of the second liquid crystal molecules140′ anchored by the first alignment film141and the second alignment film142on the plane where the third alignment film151is located is perpendicular to the direction of the orthogonal projections of the long axes of the first liquid crystal molecules150′ anchored by the third alignment film151on the plane where the third alignment film151is located.

Referring toFIGS.1A to1I, although the alignment directions of the first alignment film141and the second alignment film142are both the first direction, the direction of the first pretilt angle α is opposite to the direction of the second pretilt angle β. In a case where the alignment direction of the third alignment film151is the same as the alignment directions of the first alignment film141and the second alignment film142, a direction of the third pretilt angle γ is the same as the direction of the first pretilt angle α or the direction of the second pretilt angle β. In a case where the alignment direction of the third alignment film151is perpendicular to the alignment directions of the first alignment film141and the second alignment film142, the direction of the third pretilt angle γ is perpendicular to the direction of the first pretilt angle α and the direction of the second pretilt angle β.

The first liquid crystal molecules150′ and the second liquid crystal molecules140′ may be the same liquid crystal molecules or different liquid crystal molecules, as long as they meet design requirements of the liquid crystal display panel1, which is not limited in the present disclosure.

The method of manufacturing the liquid crystal display panel1has the same beneficial effects as the liquid crystal display panel1described above, and thus details will not be repeated herein.

In some embodiments, referring toFIG.7, before the second alignment film142is formed on the first liquid crystal molecular layer150, the method of manufacturing the liquid crystal display panel1further includes:forming a planarization layer16on the first liquid crystal molecular layer150. The planarization layer16may make a surface of the first liquid crystal molecular layer150proximate to the liquid crystal layer14smoother, which facilitates subsequent fabrication of the second alignment film142on the planarization layer16.

The foregoing descriptions are merely some specific implementation manners of the present disclosure, but the protection scope of the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and changes or replacements that any person skilled in the art could conceive of within the technical scope disclosed by the present disclosure shall be within the protection scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the protection scope of the present disclosure shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.