Patent ID: 12252031

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Embodiments of the technical solutions of this application are described in detail below with reference to the drawings. The following embodiments are merely intended to describe the technical solutions of this application more clearly, and are merely exemplary but without hereby limiting the protection scope of this application.

Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as usually understood by a person skilled in the technical field of this application. The terms used herein are merely intended for describing specific embodiments but are not intended to limit this application. The terms “include” and “contain” and any variations thereof used in the specification, claims, and brief description of drawings of this application are intended as non-exclusive inclusion.

In the description of the embodiments of this application, the technical terms “first” and “second” are merely intended to distinguish different objects but not intended to indicate or imply relative importance or implicitly specify the number of the indicated technical features, the specific order, or order of priority. In the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise expressly specified, “a plurality of” means two or more.

Reference to “embodiment” herein means that a specific feature, structure or characteristic described with reference to the embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. Reference to this term in different places in the specification does not necessarily represent the same embodiment, nor does it represent an independent or alternative embodiment in a mutually exclusive relationship with other embodiments. A person skilled in the art explicitly and implicitly understands that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.

In the description of embodiments of this application, the term “and/or” merely indicates a relationship between related items, and represents three possible relationships. For example, “A and/or B” may represent the following three circumstances: A alone, both A and B, and B alone. In addition, the character “/” herein generally indicates an “or” relationship between the item preceding the character and the item following the character.

In the description of embodiments of this application, the term “a plurality of” means two or more (including two). Similarly, “a plurality of groups” means two or more groups (including two groups), and “a plurality of pieces” means two or more pieces (including two pieces).

In the description of embodiments of this application, a direction or a positional relationship indicated by the terms such as “center”, “longitudinal”, “transverse”, “length”, “width”, “thickness”, “up”, “down”, “before”, “after”, “left”, “right”, “vertical”, “horizontal”, “top”, “bottom”, “in”, “out”, “clockwise”, “counterclockwise”, “axial”, “radial”, and “circumferential” is a direction or positional relationship based on the illustration in the drawings, and is merely intended for ease or brevity of description of embodiments of this application, but not intended to indicate or imply that the indicated device or component is necessarily located in the specified direction or constructed or operated in the specified direction. Therefore, such terms are not to be understood as a limitation on embodiments of this application.

In the description of embodiments of this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and qualified, the technical terms such as “mounting”, “concatenation”, “connection”, and “fixing” need to be understood in a broad sense, for example, understood as a fixed connection or a detachable connection or understood as being integrated into a whole; or understood be as a mechanical connection or an electrical connection, a direct connection or an indirect connection implemented through an intermediary; or understood as interior communication between two components or interaction between two components. A person of ordinary skill in the art understands the specific meanings of the terms in the embodiments of this application according to the context.

With the rapid development of new energy vehicles, sales of electric vehicles keep growing across the globe. Battery swap stations for replacing a battery for an electric vehicle are widely used to overcome limitations on durability and charging duration of a power battery. A battery swap station may be stored with shared batteries. When being about to be depleted of energy, an energy storage battery (that is, in-vehicle battery) of an electric vehicle can be exchanged with a shared battery in the battery swap station to replenish the electric vehicle with electrical energy to enable continuous running.

In the related art, a VIN of the vehicle needs to be authenticated before a battery swap operation is performed at the battery swap station. The battery swap operation is performed on condition that the authentication succeeds.

However, such an authentication method merely authenticates the vehicle. If the energy storage battery of the vehicle is an aftermarket inferior battery, the inferior battery may be swapped for the superior battery in the battery swap station. The swapped inferior battery is used as a replacement to another electric vehicle through a battery swap operation to impair the endurance mileage of other electric vehicles, and even pose a safety hazard. For another example, if a shared battery in the battery swap station is an aftermarket inferior battery, the inferior battery may be used as a replacement to a vehicle to impair the endurance mileage of the vehicle, or even pose a safety hazard. Therefore, the battery swap authentication method in the related art is not reliable or secure.

To solve at least one of the foregoing problems, embodiments of this application provide a battery swap authentication method and apparatus, an electronic device, a battery swap station, and an electrical apparatus. The energy storage battery in the electrical apparatus and/or the shared battery in the battery swap station is authenticated in addition to authentication of the identity information of the electrical apparatus, thereby improving reliability and security of authentication during a battery swap.

In some embodiments, the electrical apparatus includes, but is not limited to a vehicle, an energy storage station, or the like.

FIG.1is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of a battery swap authentication method according to some embodiments of this application. Referring toFIG.1, the battery swap authentication method disclosed herein is applicable to a process of battery swapping between the battery swap station10and the electrical apparatus20.

The electrical apparatus20may be an electric vehicle shown inFIG.1. The electric vehicle is equipped with an energy storage battery (also referred to as an in-vehicle battery). The electrical apparatus20may instead be an energy storage station in which an energy storage battery is deployed. When the electrical apparatus20is an electric vehicle, the energy storage battery can provide electrical energy for the electric vehicle to enable normal running. The energy storage battery may be any type of battery, including but not limited to: lithium-ion battery, lithium metal battery, lithium sulfur battery, lead acid battery, nickel-cadmium battery, nickel-hydrogen battery, lithium-air battery, or the like. In terms of the scale of the energy storage battery, the energy storage battery in embodiments of this application may be a battery cell (or briefly known as a cell), or a battery module or battery pack. The battery module or battery pack may be formed by connecting a plurality of batteries in series and parallel. In embodiments of this application, the specific type and scale of the energy storage battery are not specifically limited.

The battery swap station10may be stored with a plurality of shared batteries. The battery swap station10is able to charge the shared batteries. Understandably, the battery swap station10may be stored with shared batteries of different models. When the electrical apparatus20is a vehicle, the shared batteries of different models are adaptable to vehicles of different models. When the electrical apparatus20is an energy storage station, the shared batteries of different models are adaptable to energy storage stations of different models. The shared batteries in the battery swap station10include, but are not limited to, lithium-ion battery, lithium metal battery, lithium sulfur battery, lead acid battery, nickel-cadmium battery, nickel-hydrogen battery, lithium-air battery, or the like. In terms of the scale of the shared batteries, each shared battery may be a battery cell (or briefly known as a cell), or a battery module or battery pack. The battery module or battery pack may be formed by connecting a plurality of batteries in series and parallel.

During battery swapping, the battery swap station may select, as a replacement, a shared battery that is consistent with the model of the energy storage battery to be replaced and that remains at a sufficient state of charge (SOC). Sufficient SOC may mean that a percentage of available SOC is greater than or equal to a preset value that is 90%, 100%, or the like. Specifically, the preset value may be set according to the actual situation.

Using a vehicle as an example of the electrical apparatus20, when the SOC of the energy storage battery is insufficient, the driver may drive the vehicle into the battery swap station10. After the battery swap authentication succeeds, the battery swap station10can perform a battery swap operation for the vehicle, that is, swap the energy storage battery with a qualified shared battery. In the following embodiments, for ease of explaining the solution of this application, the shared battery merely represents a qualified battery in the battery swap station.

FIG.2is a flowchart of a battery swap authentication method according to some embodiments of this application. Referring toFIG.2, an embodiment of this application provides a battery swap authentication method200, applied to a battery swap station10. The method200includes the following steps S201to S204.Step S201: Obtain identity information of an electrical apparatus20.Step S202: Authenticate the identity information.Step S203: Establish communication with the electrical apparatus20in response to a result of determining that the identity information passes the authentication.Step S204: Perform a battery swap operation in response to a result of determining that an energy storage battery in the electrical apparatus20and/or a shared battery in the battery swap station10satisfies a battery swap rule.

In step S201, the identity information of the electrical apparatus20may be marker information of the electrical apparatus20, a model of the electrical apparatus, or the like. In some embodiments, using a vehicle as an example of the electrical apparatus20, the marker information may be license plate information, vehicle model, or the like. In this embodiment, a camera device may be disposed at the entrance of the battery swap station10. The camera device may obtain image information including license plate information by photographing or other means. The battery swap station10may obtain image information through the camera device, and process the image information to obtain the license plate information of the vehicle.

In step S202, the battery swap station10may authenticate the identity information. Understandably, the battery swap station10can create a database for electrical apparatuses20that can perform a battery swap operation. In some embodiments, the database may store identity information of all electrical apparatuses that can perform the battery swap operation. In step S202, the identity information of the electrical apparatus20may be matched with the identity information in the database. If the identity information of the electrical apparatus20exists in the database, it is determined that the identity information of the electrical apparatus passes the authentication, that is, the electrical apparatus20is a service object of the battery swap station10. If the identity information of the electrical apparatus20does not exist in the database, it is determined that the electrical apparatus20is unable to perform the battery swap operation, that is, the electrical apparatus20is not a service object of the battery swap station10. In this case, a fault alarm may be raised to prompt the electrical apparatus20to exit the battery swap station10, or the electrical apparatus20is refused access to the battery swap station10, or the like.

In other embodiments, the database may further store a correspondence between the identity information and a VIN. In step S202, the database may be searched for a VIN corresponding to the identity information of the electrical apparatus20. If the corresponding VIN is found, it is determined that the identity information of the electrical apparatus20passes the authentication. If the corresponding VIN is not found, it is determined that the identity information of the electrical apparatus20fails the authentication.

In addition, the database may be stored in the battery swap station, or may be stored in a cloud server, without being specifically limited herein.

In step S203, if the identity information passes the authentication, the battery swap station10can establish communication with the electrical apparatus20. Understandably, communication between the battery swap station10and the electrical apparatus20may be performed in various ways such as Bluetooth communication, WiFi network communication, Zigbee network communication, or Near Field Communication (NFC).

In step S204, whether an energy storage battery in the electrical apparatus20and/or a shared battery in the battery swap station10satisfies a battery swap rule may be understood as: whether the energy storage battery and/or shared battery is a superior battery manufactured by a qualified manufacturer, such as an original equipment manufacturer (OEM) battery. The energy storage battery is a battery that is mounted in the electrical apparatus20and that remains to be replaced. The shared battery is a battery in the battery swap station10, consistent with the model of the energy storage battery and remaining at a sufficient SOC. A battery swap operation may include an operation of detaching the energy storage battery from the electrical apparatus20, and mounting the shared battery to the electrical apparatus20.

Specifically, after communication is established between the electrical apparatus20and the battery swap station10, it is determined whether the energy storage battery in the electrical apparatus20and/or the shared battery in the battery swap station10satisfies the battery swap rule. The battery swap operation can be performed on condition that the battery swap rule is satisfied. If the battery swap rule is not satisfied, the electrical apparatus20may be prompted to exit the battery swap station10.

Understandably, in some embodiments, in step S204, that the energy storage battery satisfies the battery swap rule may serve as a condition for performing the battery swap operation. That is, the battery swap operation is performed on condition that the energy storage battery is a superior battery.

In other embodiments, in step S204, that the shared battery satisfies the battery swap rule may serve as a condition for performing the battery swap operation. That is, the battery swap operation is performed on condition that the shared battery is a superior battery.

In other embodiments, in step S204, that both the energy storage battery and the shared battery satisfy the battery swap rule may serve as a condition for performing the battery swap operation. That is, the battery swap operation is performed on condition that both the energy storage battery and the shared battery are superior batteries.

In the battery swap authentication method according to this embodiment, before the battery swap operation is performed, whether the energy storage battery in the electrical apparatus20and/or the shared battery in the battery swap station10satisfies the battery swap rule is verified in addition to authentication of the identity information of the electrical apparatus. That is, a step of authenticating the batteries is added, thereby improving security and reliability of authentication during a battery swap.

FIG.3is a flowchart of a battery swap authentication method according to other embodiments of this application. Referring toFIG.3, an embodiment of this application further provides a battery swap authentication method300. The method300includes the following steps S301to S305.Step S301: Obtain identity information of an electrical apparatus20.Step S302: Authenticate the identity information.Step S303: Establish communication with the electrical apparatus20in response to a result of determining that the identity information passes the authentication.Step S304: Receive first information of the energy storage battery sent by the electrical apparatus20, and authenticate the first information.Step S305: Send an authentication success message of the first information to the electrical apparatus in response to a result of determining that the first information passes the authentication, and perform a battery swap operation.Steps S301to S303are implemented in the same way as steps S201to S203in the foregoing embodiment, details of which can be learned by referring to the foregoing embodiment. This embodiment differs from the embodiment shown inFIG.2in that, in this embodiment, step S304is added after step S303, and step S204inFIG.2is specifically configured to include step S305.

In this embodiment, the first information may be information used to identify the energy storage battery. For example, the first information may be a barcode, serial number, or the like of the energy storage battery. For another example, the first information may be a barcode, serial number, or the like of a component (such as a chip) in the energy storage battery. Understandably, the first information varies between energy storage batteries. That is, the first information can be used to accurately identify an energy storage battery.

In this embodiment, the first information may be authenticated in various ways. For example, using a barcode as an example of the first information, the database of the battery swap station10may further store barcodes of all batteries that can perform a battery swap operation. The obtained barcode of the energy storage battery of the electrical apparatus20is matched with the barcodes in the database. If the same barcode is matched successfully in the database, it is determined that the first information passes the authentication. If the same barcode is absent in the database, it is determined that the first information fails the authentication, and in this case, a fault alarm may be raised to prompt the electrical apparatus20to exit the battery swap station.

In this embodiment, the condition for performing the battery swap operation is that the first information passes the authentication.

Understandably, after the communication is established between the electrical apparatus20and the battery swap station10, the electrical apparatus20may send the first information of the energy storage battery to the battery swap station10first. Upon receiving the first information, the battery swap station10may authenticate the first information. If the first information passes the authentication, the energy storage battery satisfies the battery swap rule. In this case, an authentication success message of the first information may be sent to the electrical apparatus20, and a battery swap operation may be performed on the energy storage battery.

After receiving the authentication success message of the first information, the electrical apparatus20may coordinate with the battery swap station10to perform a battery swap operation. For example, when the electrical apparatus20is a vehicle, the vehicle may send a prompt message to prompt the driver to take up the battery swap operation, unlock the energy storage battery, power off, or the like.

In this method, after the battery swap station10authenticates the identity information of the electrical apparatus20, the battery swap station10further authenticates the first information of the energy storage battery, and performs the battery swap operation after success of the authentication, thereby ensuring that the energy storage battery as a replacement to the battery swap station10is superior in quality, improving reliability and security of authentication during the battery swap, avoiding substandard replacements, and further improving safety of other electrical apparatuses that subsequently use this energy storage battery. It needs to be noted that when the electrical apparatus20is a vehicle, the durability of the vehicle can be improved.

FIG.4shows an implementation of step S305inFIG.3. Referring toFIG.4, in some embodiments, step S305may specifically include step S401and step S402.Step S401: Send second information of a shared battery to an electrical apparatus20in response to a result of determining that first information passes authentication.Step S402: Perform a battery swap operation in response to a result of determining that an authentication success message of second information is received from the electrical apparatus20.

The second information may be information used to identify the shared battery. For example, the second information may be a barcode, serial number, or the like of the shared battery. For another example, the second information may be a barcode, serial number, or the like of a component (such as a chip) in the shared battery. Understandably, the second information varies between shared batteries. That is, the second information can be used to accurately identify a shared battery. Definitely, in some embodiments, the type of the first information may be identical to the type of the second information. For example, both may be a barcode or the like of a battery. In other embodiments, the type of the first information may be different from the type of the second information, and may be set according to the specific situation.

In this embodiment, after the first information passes the authentication, the second information of the shared battery may be sent to the electrical apparatus20for authentication. That is, the second information of the shared battery is sent to the electrical apparatus20as an authentication success message of the first information. The electrical apparatus20may authenticate the second information. If the second information passes the authentication, the electrical apparatus20may send an authentication success message of the second information to the battery swap station10. The battery swap station10may perform a battery swap operation after receiving the authentication success message of the second information.

Understandably, in this embodiment, after the battery swap station10authenticates the identity information of the electrical apparatus20, the battery swap station10authenticates the first information of the energy storage battery first. After the authentication succeeds, the electrical apparatus20authenticates the second information of the shared battery, and performs a battery swap operation after the authentication succeeds.

The electrical apparatus20may authenticate the second information in various ways. For example, using a barcode as an example of the second information, a cloud database may store barcodes of all available shared batteries. The received barcode of the shared battery is matched with the barcodes in the cloud database. If the same barcode is matched successfully in the cloud database, it is determined that the second information passes the authentication. If the same barcode is absent in the database, it is determined that the second information fails the authentication, and in this case, a fault alarm may be raised to prompt the electrical apparatus20to exit the battery swap station.

This method authenticates not only the identity of the electrical apparatus20, but also the shared battery and the energy storage battery, thereby not only ensuring that the energy storage battery as a replacement to the battery swap station10is superior in quality, but also ensuring that the shared battery as a replacement to the electrical apparatus20is superior in quality, and further improving security and reliability of authentication during a battery swap.

FIG.5is a flowchart of a battery swap authentication method according to other embodiments of this application. Referring toFIG.5, an embodiment of this application provides a battery swap authentication method500. The method500includes the following steps S501to S506.Step S501: Obtain identity information of an electrical apparatus20.Step S502: Authenticate the identity information.Step S503: Establish communication with the electrical apparatus20in response to a result of determining that the identity information passes the authentication.Step S504: Send third information of a battery swap station10to the electrical apparatus20.Step S505: Authenticate first information in response to a result of determining that the first information of an energy storage battery is received from the electrical apparatus20.Step S506: Send an authentication success message of the first information to the electrical apparatus in response to a result of determining that the first information passes the authentication, and perform a battery swap operation.Steps S501to S503and step S506are implemented in the same way as steps S301to S303and step S305in the foregoing embodiment respectively, details of which can be learned by referring to the foregoing embodiment. In addition, this embodiment differs from the embodiment shown inFIG.3in that, in this embodiment, step S504is added before step S304, and step S304inFIG.3is specifically configured to include step S505.

The third information may be information used to identify the battery swap station10. For example, the third information may be a name code, location code, or the like of the battery swap station10; or the third information may be a barcode, serial number, or the like of a component (such as a chip) in the battery swap station10. Understandably, the third information varies between battery swap stations10. That is, the third information can be used to accurately identify a battery swap station10.

In some embodiments, the type of the third information may be identical to the type of the first information and the type of the second information, all of which may be, for example, a barcode or the like of a chip. In other embodiments, the three pieces of information may vary in type, or two thereof may be of the same type, which may be set according to the specific situation.

Understandably, after communication is established between the battery swap station10and the electrical apparatus20, the battery swap station10may send its own third information to the electrical apparatus20, so that the electrical apparatus20authenticates the third information of the battery swap station10to verify whether the battery swap station10is a qualified or licensed battery swap station. If the third information passes the authentication, the electrical apparatus20may send the first information of the energy storage battery as an authentication success message of the third information to the battery swap station10. The battery swap station10may authenticate the first information. If the first information passes the authentication, the energy storage battery satisfies the battery swap rule. In this case, an authentication success message of the first information may be sent to the electrical apparatus20, and a battery swap operation may be performed on the energy storage battery.

Definitely, in other embodiments, step S506may specifically include step S401and step S402described in the foregoing embodiment. To be specific, after the electrical apparatus20authenticates the third information and the battery swap station10authenticates the first information, if the first information passes the authentication, the battery swap station10sends the second information of the shared battery as an authentication success message of the first information to the electrical apparatus20. If the second information passes the authentication, the electrical apparatus20sends an authentication success message of the second information to the battery swap station10. The battery swap station10may perform a battery swap operation after receiving the authentication success message of the second information.

The electrical apparatus20may authenticate the third information in various ways. For example, using a barcode of a chip in the battery swap station10as an example of the third information, the cloud database may store barcodes of chip barcodes of all available battery swap stations10. The received chip barcode is matched with the chip barcodes in the cloud database. If the same barcode is matched successfully in the cloud database, it is determined that the third information passes the authentication. If the same barcode is absent in the database, it is determined that the third information fails the authentication, and in this case, a fault alarm may be raised to prompt the electrical apparatus20to exit the battery swap station.

By adding a process of the electrical apparatus20authenticating the third information of the battery swap station10, it can be determined that the battery swap station10performing the battery swap operation is qualified or licensed, thereby further improving security and reliability of battery swapping. In addition, by using the first information as an authentication success message of the third information, the number of interactions between the battery swap station and the electrical apparatus is reduced, and the efficiency of battery swap authentication is improved.

FIG.6is a flowchart of a battery swap authentication method according to still other embodiments of this application. Referring toFIG.6, an embodiment of this application further provides a battery swap authentication method600. The method600includes the following steps S601to S604.Step S601: Obtain identity information of an electrical apparatus20.Step S602: Authenticate the identity information.Step S603: Establish communication with the electrical apparatus20in response to a result of determining that the identity information passes the authentication.Step S604: Send second information of a shared battery to the electrical apparatus20.Step S605: Perform a battery swap operation in response to a result of determining that an authentication success message of the second information is received from the electrical apparatus20.Steps S601to S603are implemented in the same way as steps S201to S203in the foregoing embodiment, details of which can be learned by referring to the foregoing embodiment. This embodiment differs from the embodiment shown inFIG.2in that, in this embodiment, step S604is added after step S603, and step S204inFIG.2is specifically configured to include step S605.

In addition, the meaning of the second information and the authentication method of the second information are the same as those described in the foregoing embodiment, details of which can be learned by referring to the foregoing embodiment and are not be repeated here.

Understandably, in this embodiment, the condition for performing the battery swap operation is that the second information of the shared battery passes the authentication.

After the communication is established between the battery swap station10and the electrical apparatus20, the battery swap station10sends the second information of the shared battery to the electrical apparatus20for authentication. The electrical apparatus20may authenticate the second information. If the second information passes the authentication, the electrical apparatus20may send an authentication success message of the second information to the battery swap station10. The battery swap station10may perform a battery swap operation after receiving the authentication success message of the second information.

In this method, after the battery swap station10authenticates the identity information of the electrical apparatus20, the battery swap station10needs to send the second information of the shared battery to the electrical apparatus for authentication, and performs the battery swap operation on condition that the authentication success message of the second information is received, thereby ensuring that the shared battery as a replacement to the electrical apparatus20is superior in quality, improving reliability and security of authentication during a battery swap, and avoiding substandard replacements.

In some embodiments, step S605may specifically include substep I and sub step II.

Substep I: Authenticate first information in response to a result of determining that the first information of the energy storage battery is received from the electrical apparatus.

Substep II: Send an authentication success message of the first information to the electrical apparatus in response to a result of determining that the first information passes the authentication, and perform the battery swap operation.

The meaning of the first information and the authentication method of the first information are the same as those described in the foregoing embodiment, details of which can be learned by referring to the foregoing embodiment and are not be repeated here.

In this embodiment, after the electrical apparatus20authenticates the second information successfully, the electrical apparatus20may send the first information as an authentication success message of the second information to the battery swap station10. The battery swap station10may authenticate the first information, and, if the first information passes the authentication, send an authentication success message of the first information to the electrical apparatus20, and perform a battery swap operation.

Understandably, after the battery swap station10authenticates the identity information of the electrical apparatus20successfully, the electrical apparatus20authenticates the second information of the shared battery first. If the authentication succeeds, the battery swap station10authenticates the first information of the energy storage battery, and performs a battery swap operation after the first information passes the authentication.

This method authenticates not only the identity of the electrical apparatus20, but also the shared battery and the energy storage battery, thereby not only ensuring that the energy storage battery as a replacement to the battery swap station10is superior in quality, but also ensuring that the shared battery as a replacement to the electrical apparatus20is superior in quality, and further improving security and reliability of authentication during a battery swap.

In addition, on the basis of the embodiment shown inFIG.6, after step S603, the battery swap authentication method may further include substep III and substep IV.

Substep III: Send third information of the battery swap station10to the electrical apparatus20.

Substep IV: Send the second information of the shared battery to the electrical apparatus20in response to a result of determining that an authentication success message of the third information is received from the electrical apparatus20.

The meaning of the third information and the authentication method of the third information are the same as those described in the foregoing embodiment, details of which can be learned by referring to the foregoing embodiment and are not be repeated here. Understandably, sub-steps III and IV may be performed after step S603or before step S605.

In this embodiment, after the battery swap station10authenticates the identity information of the electrical apparatus20, the battery swap station10may send its own third information to the electrical apparatus20, so that the electrical apparatus20authenticates the third information of the battery swap station10to verify whether the battery swap station10is a qualified or licensed battery swap station. If the third information passes the authentication, the electrical apparatus20may send an authentication success message of the third information to the battery swap station10. Upon receiving the authentication success message of the third information, the battery swap station10may send the second information of the shared battery to the electrical apparatus20. The electrical apparatus20authenticates the second information. After the authentication succeeds, the electrical apparatus20sends an authentication success message of the second information to the battery swap station10. The battery swap station10may perform a battery swap operation on the energy storage battery after receiving the message.

In other embodiments, step S605may further specifically include substep I and substep II described in the foregoing embodiment. To be specific, after authenticating the third information and the second information, the electrical apparatus20may send the first information of the energy storage battery as an authentication success message of the second information to the battery swap station10. The battery swap station10authenticates the first information, and, after the authentication succeeds, sends an authentication success message of the first information to the electrical apparatus20, and performs a battery swap operation.

By adding a process of the electrical apparatus authenticating the third information of the battery swap station, it can be determined that the battery swap station performing the battery swap operation is qualified or licensed, thereby further improving security and reliability of battery swapping.

In some embodiments, step S202may further specifically include: finding a MAC address of the electrical apparatus based on a correspondence between the identity information and the MAC address, where the identity information includes marker information of the electrical apparatus.

Step S203may specifically include: establishing communication with the electrical apparatus by use of the MAC address of the electrical apparatus in response to a result of determining that the MAC address of the electrical apparatus is found in the correspondence between the identity information and the MAC address.

In this embodiment, the identity information may be the marker information of the electrical apparatus. This information is easily available, thereby simplifying the process of authenticating the identity information. A Media Access Control (MAC) address may be a MAC address of a component in the electrical apparatus20. Understandably, the MAC address can be unique and can be used as information for distinguishing the electrical apparatus. In addition, the MAC address can be used to check the location of the electrical apparatus to facilitate the establishment of communication. Specifically, using a vehicle as an example of the electrical apparatus20, the marker information may be license plate information, vehicle model, or the like.

The database of the battery swap station10may store the correspondence between the identity information and the MAC address. After obtaining the identity information, the battery swap station10may search the database for the MAC address of the corresponding electrical apparatus. If the corresponding MAC address is found, it is determined that the identity information passes the authentication. If the corresponding MAC address is not found, it is determined that the identity information fails the authentication.

In some embodiments, the MAC address may be a MAC address of a communication module of the electrical apparatus, for example, may be a MAC address of a master battery management unit (MBMU). After finding the corresponding MAC address, the battery swap station10may further use the MAC address to attempt to establish communication with the MBMU of the electrical apparatus20. If the communication is established successfully, the battery swap authentication may be performed. If the communication fails, the connection to the MBMU may be re-attempted. If the communication between the battery swap station and the electrical apparatus keeps failing to be established within a preset period, a fault alarm may be raised.

Definitely, in other embodiments, the MAC address may be a MAC address of another chip instead.

By using the marker information as the identity information of the electrical apparatus, the difficulty of obtaining the identity information can be reduced. In addition, whether the MAC address of the electrical apparatus is found is used as a condition for determining whether the identity information is successfully authenticated, thereby not only authenticating the identity of the electrical apparatus, but also facilitating the establishment of communication with the electrical apparatus. In addition, compared with the VIN in the related art, the MAC address is more difficult to obtain, and is more confidential. By using the MAC address for authentication, only the device that grasps the MAC address of the electrical apparatus can establish communication with the electrical apparatus, thereby effectively resisting malicious connections and improving security.

On the basis of the foregoing embodiment, the first information may include: first identification information and first encrypted information. The first encrypted information is generated by encrypting the first identification information by use of a private key, and the private key is stored in production equipment of the energy storage battery.

The step of authenticating the first information may specifically include: decrypting the first encrypted information by use of a public key corresponding to the private key to generate first decrypted information, where the public key is stored in the battery swap station; and comparing the first decrypted information with the first identification information. In addition, the determining that the first information passes the authentication may specifically include: determining that the first decrypted information is identical to the first identification information.

The first identification information may be a barcode, serial number, or the like of the energy storage battery. In some embodiments, a slave battery management unit (SBMU) may be disposed in each battery. For ease of differentiation, a first SBMU is used as a slave battery management unit of the energy storage battery, and a second SBMU is used as a slave battery management unit of the shared battery.

The first identification information may be a barcode of the first SBMU. The first encrypted information may be a digital signature generated by encrypting the first identification information, such as a digital signature of the first SBMU.

Understandably, an encryption process of the first identification information is implemented in the production process of the energy storage battery. That is, a private key used for encryption is stored in the production equipment of the energy storage battery. Both the barcode and the digital signature of the first SBMU may be stored in the energy storage battery in the production process of the energy storage battery.

The battery swap station10may store a public key corresponding to the private key. The public key may be used to decrypt the digital signature of the first SBMU. In some embodiments, a battery charging management unit (Central Battery Management Unit, CBMU) may be disposed in the battery swap station10. The public key may be stored in the CBMU in the production process of the CBMU. That is, the first information is authenticated by the CBMU. In addition, the private key and the public key form a key pair. The private key is non-public, and the public key may be public. The private key may be used for encryption, and the public key may be used for decryption. The specific encryption and decryption methods may be commonly used encryption and decryption methods, such as knapsack algorithm, elliptic curve cryptography, and the like. Understandably, the public key can be stored separately, but not necessarily stored in a certificate that is then to be stored. Therefore, the time to be taken to parse the certificate to obtain the public key is saved, and the space for storing the certificate is saved.

Specifically, using an example in which a barcode of the first SBMU serves as the first marker information, in a process of authenticating the first information, the CBMU may use the public key to decrypt the digital signature of the first SBMU first to obtain the first decrypted information. The type of the first decrypted information is the same as the type of the first marker information, that is, the first decrypted information may be a barcode obtained by decrypting. Subsequently, the CBMU may compare the barcode of the first SBMU with the barcode obtained by decrypting. If the two barcodes are identical, it is determined that the first information passes the authentication. If the two barcodes are not identical, it is determined that the first information fails the authentication.

In some embodiments, if the first information fails the authentication, the authentication of the first information may be re-attempted. If the first information keeps failing the authentication within a preset period, it is determined that the first information fails the authentication, and a fault alarm is raised.

By encrypting the first information, the security and reliability of authentication during a battery swap can be improved. In addition, because the private key is stored only in the production equipment and is more confidential, the risk of divulging the private key is reduced, and the security of authentication during the battery swap is further improved. In addition, compared with the challenge-response authentication mechanism in the related art, the authenticating the first information by use of a public key reduces the amount of calculation, improves the calculation speed, facilitates lightweight development, and is more suitable to the real-time requirement of vehicular communication. In addition, for authenticating the first information by use of an asymmetric algorithm of the private key and the public key, only one key pair needs to be managed, thereby reducing the cost of key management in comparison with a symmetric key-based solution.

In some embodiments, the second information may include: second identification information and second encrypted information. The second encrypted information is generated by encrypting the second identification information by use of a private key, and the private key is stored in production equipment of the shared battery.

The second identification information may be a barcode, serial number, or the like of the shared battery. In some embodiments, the second identification information may be a barcode of the second SBMU. The second encrypted information may be a digital signature generated by encrypting the second identification information, such as a digital signature of the second SBMU.

Understandably, an encryption process of the second identification information is implemented in the production process of the shared battery. That is, a private key used for encryption is stored in the production equipment of the shared battery. Both the barcode and the digital signature of the second SBMU may be stored in the shared battery in the production process of the shared battery.

The electrical apparatus20may store a public key corresponding to the private key. The public key may be used to decrypt the digital signature of the second SBMU. In some embodiments, the public key may be stored in the MBMU of the electrical apparatus20, for example, stored in the MBMU in the production process of the MBMU. The MBMU can authenticate the first information.

In addition, the specific authentication method of the second information and the method for determining successful authentication of the second information are the same as the authentication method of the first information and the method for determining successful authentication of the first information, respectively, in the foregoing embodiment, details of which can be learned by referring to the foregoing embodiment and are not be repeated here.

By encrypting the second information, the safety and reliability of authentication during a battery swap can be improved. In addition, because the private key is stored only in the production equipment and is more confidential, the security of authentication during the battery swap is further improved.

In some embodiments, the third information may include: third identification information and third encrypted information. The third encrypted information is generated by encrypting the third identification information by use of a private key, and the private key is stored in production equipment of the battery swap station10.

The third identification information may be a barcode, serial number, or the like of a component in the battery swap station. In some embodiments, a battery communication management unit (Transmission Battery Management Unit, TBMU) may be disposed in the battery swap station10, and the third identification information may be a barcode of the TBMU. The second encrypted information may be a digital signature generated by encrypting the second identification information, such as a digital signature of the TBMU.

Understandably, an encryption process of the third identification information is implemented in the production process of the TBMU. That is, a private key used for encryption is stored in the production equipment of the TBMU. Both the barcode and the digital signature of the TBMU may be stored in the TBMU in the production process of the TBMU.

The electrical apparatus20may store a public key corresponding to the private key. The public key may be used to decrypt the digital signature of the TBMU. In some embodiments, the public key may be stored in the MBMU of the electrical apparatus20, for example, stored in the MBMU in the production process of the MBMU. The MBMU can authenticate the first information.

In addition, the specific authentication method of the third information and the method for determining successful authentication of the third information are the same as the authentication method of the first information and the method for determining successful authentication of the first information, respectively, in the foregoing embodiment, details of which can be learned by referring to the foregoing embodiment and are not be repeated here.

By encrypting the third information, the security and reliability of authentication during a battery swap can be improved. In addition, because the private key is stored only in the production equipment and is more confidential, the security of authentication during the battery swap is further improved.

FIG.7is a flowchart of a battery swap authentication method according to still other embodiments of this application. Referring toFIG.7, in order to implement interaction with the battery swap station10, an embodiment of this application further provides a battery swap authentication method700, applied to an electrical apparatus20. The method700may include: step S701and step S702.Step S701: Establish communication with a battery swap station10in response to a result of determining that an authentication success message of identity information of an electrical apparatus is received from the battery swap station10.Step S702: Coordinate with the battery swap station to perform a battery swap operation in response to a result of determining that an energy storage battery in the electrical apparatus and/or a shared battery in the battery swap station satisfies a battery swap rule.

Understandably, the method700in this embodiment is applicable to the electrical apparatus20, and is implemented to perform battery swap authentication by interacting with the battery swap station10. In addition, for the detailed content of the battery swap authentication method applicable to a battery swap station10in each embodiment, for example, the meaning of the identity information, the process by which the battery swap station10authenticates the identity information of the electrical apparatus20, and the like, the details are omitted here and can be learned by referring to the foregoing embodiments.

In this embodiment, after receiving the authentication success message of the identity information from the battery swap station10, the electrical apparatus20may establish communication with the battery swap station10, determine whether the energy storage battery in the electrical apparatus20and/or the shared battery in the battery swap station10satisfies the battery swap rule, and coordinate with the battery swap station10to perform a battery swap operation on condition that the battery swap rule is satisfied. For example, the electrical apparatus20may send a prompt message to prompt the driver to take up the battery swap operation, unlock the energy storage battery, power off, or the like. If the battery swap rule is not satisfied, the driver may be prompted to exit the battery swap station10.

In the battery swap authentication method according to this embodiment, before the battery swap operation is performed, whether the energy storage battery in the electrical apparatus20and/or the shared battery in the battery swap station10satisfies the battery swap rule is verified in addition to authentication of the identity information of the electrical apparatus. That is, a step of authenticating the batteries is added, thereby improving security and reliability of authentication during a battery swap.

In some embodiments, after step S701, the method may further include: sending first information of the energy storage battery to the battery swap station10; and step S702may specifically include: coordinating with the battery swap station to perform the battery swap operation in response to a result of determining that an authentication success message of the first information is received from the battery swap station.

Specifically, after the communication is established between the electrical apparatus20and the battery swap station10, the electrical apparatus20may first send the first information of the energy storage battery to the battery swap station10for authentication. If the battery swap station10determines that the first information passes the authentication, the battery swap station10may send an authentication success message of the first information to the electrical apparatus20. After receiving the authentication success message of the first information, the electrical apparatus20may coordinate with the battery swap station10to perform a battery swap operation.

In this method, after the battery swap station10authenticates the identity information of the electrical apparatus20, the battery swap station10further authenticates the first information of the energy storage battery, and performs the battery swap operation after success of the authentication, thereby ensuring that the energy storage battery as a replacement to the battery swap station10is superior in quality, improving reliability and security of authentication during the battery swap, avoiding substandard replacements, and further improving safety of other electrical apparatuses that subsequently use this energy storage battery. It needs to be noted that when the electrical apparatus20is a vehicle, the durability of the vehicle can be improved.

In some embodiments, the step of coordinating with the battery swap station10to perform the battery swap operation in response to a result of determining that an authentication success message of the first information is received from the battery swap station10may specifically include: authenticating second information in response to a result of determining that the second information of the shared battery is received from the battery swap station10; and sending an authentication success message of the second information to the battery swap station10in response to a result of determining that the second information passes the authentication, and coordinating with the battery swap station10to perform the battery swap operation.

To be specific, after the battery swap station10authenticates the identity information of the electrical apparatus20, the electrical apparatus20first sends the first information to the battery swap station10for authentication. After the authentication succeeds, the battery swap station10sends the second information of the shared battery as an authentication success message of the first information to the electrical apparatus20for authentication. After the second information passes the authentication, the electrical apparatus20may send an authentication success message of the second information to the battery swap station10. In addition, the electrical apparatus20may coordinate with the battery swap station10to perform a battery swap operation.

This method authenticates not only the identity of the electrical apparatus20, but also the shared battery and the energy storage battery, thereby not only ensuring that the energy storage battery as a replacement to the battery swap station10is superior in quality, but also ensuring that the shared battery as a replacement to the electrical apparatus20is superior in quality, and further improving security and reliability of authentication during a battery swap.

In some embodiments, after step S701, the method may further include: receiving third information of the battery swap station sent by the battery swap station10; authenticating the third information; and sending the first information of the energy storage battery to the battery swap station10in response to a result of determining that the third information passes the authentication.

Specifically, after communication is established between the battery swap station10and the electrical apparatus20, the electrical apparatus20may receive third information sent by the battery swap station10, and authenticate the third information to verify whether the battery swap station10is a qualified or licensed battery swap station. If the third information passes the authentication, the electrical apparatus20may send the first information of the energy storage battery as an authentication success message of the third information to the battery swap station10. The battery swap station10may authenticate the first information. If the first information passes the authentication, the electrical apparatus20may receive an authentication success message of the first information from the battery swap station10, and coordinate with the battery swap station10to perform a battery swap operation.

Definitely, in other embodiments, after the first information passes the authentication, the battery swap station10may further send the second information of the shared battery as an authentication success message of the first information to the electrical apparatus20. The electrical apparatus20authenticates the second information. If the authentication succeeds, the electrical apparatus20sends an authentication success message of the second information to the battery swap station10, and may coordinate with the battery swap station10to perform a battery swap operation.

By adding a process of the electrical apparatus20authenticating the third information of the battery swap station10, it can be determined that the battery swap station10performing the battery swap operation is qualified or licensed, thereby further improving security and reliability of battery swapping. In addition, by using the first information as an authentication success message of the third information, the number of interactions between the battery swap station and the electrical apparatus is reduced, and the efficiency of battery swap authentication is improved.

In some embodiments, after step S701, the method may further include: receiving second information of the shared battery sent by the battery swap station10; and authenticating the second information.

In step S702, the coordinating with the battery swap station10to perform a battery swap operation in response to a result of determining that an energy storage battery in the electrical apparatus20and/or a shared battery in the battery swap station satisfies a battery swap rule may specifically include: sending an authentication success message of the second information to the electrical apparatus in response to a result of determining that the second information passes the authentication, and coordinating with the battery swap station10to perform the battery swap operation.

In this embodiment, the condition for performing the battery swap operation is that the second information of the shared battery passes the authentication. After the communication is established between the battery swap station10and the electrical apparatus20, the battery swap station10sends the second information of the shared battery to the electrical apparatus20for authentication. The electrical apparatus20may authenticate the second information. If the second information passes the authentication, the electrical apparatus20may send an authentication success message of the second information to the battery swap station10, and coordinate with the battery swap station10to perform a battery swap operation.

In this method, after the battery swap station10authenticates the identity information of the electrical apparatus20, the electrical apparatus20further needs to authenticate the second information of the shared battery, and coordinate with the battery swap station10to perform the battery swap operation after the authentication succeeds, thereby ensuring that the shared battery as a replacement to the electrical apparatus20is superior in quality, improving reliability and security of authentication during a battery swap, and avoiding substandard replacements.

In some embodiments, the step of sending an authentication success message of the second information to the electrical apparatus in response to a result of determining that the second information passes the authentication, and coordinating with the battery swap station to perform a battery swap operation, may specifically include: sending the first information of the energy storage battery to the battery swap station10in response to a result of determining that the second information passes the authentication; and coordinating with the battery swap station10to perform the battery swap operation in response to a result of determining that an authentication success message of the first information is received from the battery swap station10.

Specifically, after the battery swap station10authenticates the identity information of the electrical apparatus20successfully, the electrical apparatus20authenticates the second information of the shared battery first. If the authentication succeeds, the battery swap station10authenticates the first information of the energy storage battery. Upon receiving an authentication success message of the first information, the electrical apparatus20coordinates with the battery swap station10to perform a battery swap operation.

This method authenticates not only the identity of the electrical apparatus20, but also the shared battery and the energy storage battery, thereby not only ensuring that the energy storage battery as a replacement to the battery swap station10is superior in quality, but also ensuring that the shared battery as a replacement to the electrical apparatus20is superior in quality, and further improving security and reliability of authentication during a battery swap.

In some embodiments, after step S701, the method may further include: receiving third information of the battery swap station sent by the battery swap station10; authenticating the third information; and sending an authentication success message of the third information to the battery swap station10in response to a result of determining that the third information passes the authentication, and receiving the second information of the shared battery sent by the battery swap station10.

In this embodiment, after communication is established between the battery swap station10and the electrical apparatus20, the electrical apparatus20may receive third information sent by the battery swap station10, and authenticate the third information to verify whether the battery swap station10is a qualified or licensed battery swap station. If the third information passes the authentication, the electrical apparatus20may send an authentication success message of the third information to the battery swap station10. Upon receiving the authentication success message of the third information, the battery swap station10may send the second information of the shared battery to the electrical apparatus20. The electrical apparatus20authenticates the second information. After the authentication succeeds, the electrical apparatus20sends an authentication success message of the second information to the battery swap station10. The battery swap station10may perform a battery swap operation on the energy storage battery after receiving the message.

In other embodiments, after the electrical apparatus20authenticates the third information and the second information, the electrical apparatus20may send the first information of the energy storage battery as an authentication success message of the second information to the battery swap station10for authentication, and coordinate with the battery swap station to perform a battery swap operation after receiving the authentication success message of the first information.

By adding a process of the electrical apparatus authenticating the third information of the battery swap station, it can be determined that the battery swap station performing the battery swap operation is qualified or licensed, thereby further improving security and reliability of battery swapping.

In some embodiments, step S701may specifically include: establishing communication with the battery swap station in response to a result of determining that a communication request sent by the battery swap station by use of a MAC address of the electrical apparatus is received, where the MAC address of the electrical apparatus corresponds to the identity information of the electrical apparatus, and the identity information includes marker information of the electrical apparatus.

In an example in which the electrical apparatus20communicates with the battery swap station10through Bluetooth, the electrical apparatus20may keep sending broadcast messages. After the identity information is authenticated successfully, the battery swap station10can obtain the MAC address of the electrical apparatus, and establish communication with the electrical apparatus20by use of the MAC address.

By using the marker information as the identity information of the electrical apparatus, the difficulty of obtaining the identity information can be reduced. In addition, whether the MAC address of the electrical apparatus is found is used as a condition for determining whether the identity information is successfully authenticated, thereby not only authenticating the identity of the electrical apparatus, but also facilitating the establishment of communication with the electrical apparatus. In addition, compared with the VIN in the related art, the MAC address is more difficult to obtain, and is more confidential. The MAC address used for authentication can also improve security.

In some embodiments, the first information includes: first identification information and first encrypted information. The first encrypted information is generated by encrypting the first identification information by use of a private key, and the private key is stored in production equipment of the energy storage battery.

By encrypting the first information, the security and reliability of authentication during a battery swap can be improved. In addition, because the private key is stored only in the production equipment and is more confidential, the security of authentication during the battery swap is further improved.

In some embodiments, the second information may include: second identification information and second encrypted information. The second encrypted information is generated by encrypting the second identification information by use of a private key, and the private key is stored in production equipment of the shared battery.

The step of authenticating the second information may specifically include: decrypting the second encrypted information by use of a public key corresponding to the private key to generate second decrypted information, where the public key is stored in the electrical apparatus; and comparing the second decrypted information with the second identification information. The determining that the second information passes the authentication may specifically include: determining that the second decrypted information is identical to the second identification information.

By encrypting the second information, the safety and reliability of authentication during a battery swap can be improved. In addition, because the private key is stored only in the production equipment and is more confidential, the security of authentication during the battery swap is further improved.

In some embodiments, the third information includes: third identification information and third encrypted information. The third encrypted information is generated by encrypting the third identification information by use of a private key, and the private key is stored in production equipment of the battery swap station.

The step of authenticating the third information may specifically include: decrypting the third encrypted information by use of a public key corresponding to the private key to generate third decrypted information, where the public key is stored in the electrical apparatus; and comparing the third decrypted information with the third identification information. The determining that the third information passes the authentication may specifically include: determining that the third decrypted information is identical to the third identification information.

By encrypting the third information, the security and reliability of authentication during a battery swap can be improved. In addition, because the private key is stored only in the production equipment and is more confidential, the security of authentication during the battery swap is further improved.

Understandably, the content that has been described in detail with respect to the battery swap station10, such as the process of authenticating the first information, the second information, and the third information by use of the public key, will be omitted in the description with respect to the electrical apparatus20. For details, refer to the embodiments described above.

FIG.8is a workflow chart of battery swap authentication between a battery swap station and a vehicle according to some embodiments of this application. Referring toFIG.8, in a specific embodiment, the electrical apparatus is a vehicle, and a workflow of battery swap authentication between the battery swap station and the vehicle may include steps S801to S811.Step S801: A battery swap station10obtains identity information of a vehicle, and authenticates the identity information.Step S802: The battery swap station10establishes communication with the vehicle20in response to a result of determining that the identity information passes the authentication.Step S803: The battery swap station10sends third information of the battery swap station to the vehicle20.Step S804: The vehicle20authenticates the third information.Step S805: The vehicle20sends first information of an in-vehicle battery to the battery swap station10in response to a result of determining that the third information passes the authentication.Step S806: The battery swap station10authenticates the first information.Step S807: The battery swap station10sends second information of a shared battery to the vehicle20in response to a result of determining that the first information passes the authentication.Step S808: The vehicle20authenticates the second information.Step S809: The vehicle20sends an authentication success message of the second information to the battery swap station10in response to a result of determining that the second information passes the authentication.Step S810: The vehicle20coordinates with the battery swap station to perform a battery swap operation.Step S811: The battery swap station10performs the battery swap operation.

The sequence between step S811and step S810is not specifically limited. In addition, the sequence between step S811, and step S810in which the vehicle20sends the authentication success information of the second information to the battery swap station10, is not specifically limited.

FIG.9Ais a schematic diagram of connections between a battery swap station and an electrical apparatus according to some embodiments of this application; andFIG.9Bis a system workflow chart of battery swap authentication between a battery swap station and an electrical apparatus according to other embodiments of this application.

Referring toFIG.9AandFIG.9B, in another specific embodiment, the electrical apparatus20includes an MBMU22and an energy storage battery21. A first SBMU211is disposed in the energy storage battery21. The MBMU22may be configured to communicate with the first SBMU211, and monitor status of the energy storage battery21. The first SBMU211may be configured to acquire the temperature, voltage status, and the like of the energy storage battery21, and communicate with the MBMU22.

The battery swap station10may include a shared battery13, a CBMU12, and a TBMU11. A second SBMU131may be disposed in the shared battery13. The second SBMU131may be configured to acquire the temperature, voltage status, and the like of the shared battery13, and communicate with the CBMU12. The CBMU12may be configured to communicate with the second SBMU131, and send related information of the shared battery13to the TBMU11. The TBMU11may establish communication with the CBMU12, and may establish communication with the MUMU22in the electrical apparatus20, so as to implement communication between the electrical apparatus20and the battery swap station10.

Referring toFIG.9B, in a specific embodiment, a workflow of battery swap authentication may include steps S901to S915.Step S901: A TBMU11obtains identity information of an electrical apparatus, and authenticates the identity information.Step S902: The TBMU11establishes communication with an MBMU22in response to a result of determining that the identity information passes the authentication.Step S903: The TBMU11sends third information of a battery swap station to the MBMU22.Step S904: The MBMU22authenticates the third information.Step S905: The MBMU22sends a request for first information to a first SBMU211in response to a result of determining that the third information passes the authentication.Step S906: The first SBMU211sends the first information to the MBMU22.Step S907: The MBMU22forwards the first information to the TBMU11.Step S908: The TBMU11forwards the first information to a CBMU12.Step S909: The CBMU12authenticates the first information.Step S910: The CBMU12sends a request for second information to a second SBMU131in response to a result of determining that the first information passes the authentication.Step S911: The second SBMU131sends the second information to the CBMU12.Step S912: The CBMU12forwards the second information to the TBMU11.Step S913: The TBMU11forwards the second information to the MBMU22.Step S914: The MBMU22authenticates the second information.Step S915: The MBMU22sends an authentication success message of the second information to the TBMU11in response to a result of determining that the second information passes the authentication.

Understandably, in this embodiment, the TBMU11is responsible for communicating with the MBMU22, and the CBMU12is responsible for managing charging of the shared battery. To be specific, different units are used in the battery swap station10to implement the function of communicating with the electrical apparatus20and the function of battery management separately, so as to reduce the processing workload of each unit and improve the processing efficiency.

FIG.10is a schematic structural diagram of a battery swap authentication apparatus according to some embodiments of this application. Referring toFIG.10, an embodiment of this application further provides a battery swap authentication apparatus1000, applied to a battery swap station10. The apparatus100includes: an obtaining unit1001, a first battery swap authentication unit1002, a battery swap station communication establishing unit1003, and a battery swap control unit1004.

The obtaining unit1001is configured to obtain identity information of an electrical apparatus. The first battery swap station authentication unit1002is configured to authenticate the identity information. The battery swap station communication establishing unit1003is configured to establish communication with the electrical apparatus in response to a result of determining that the identity information passes the authentication. The battery swap control unit1004is configured to perform a battery swap operation in response to a result of determining that an energy storage battery in the electrical apparatus and/or a shared battery in the battery swap station satisfies a battery swap rule.

In the battery swap authentication apparatus according to this embodiment, before the battery swap operation is performed, whether the energy storage battery in the electrical apparatus20and/or the shared battery in the battery swap station10satisfies the battery swap rule is verified in addition to authentication of the identity information of the electrical apparatus. That is, a step of authenticating the batteries is added, thereby improving security and reliability of authentication during a battery swap.

In some embodiments, the battery swap control unit is further configured to receive first information of the energy storage battery sent by the electrical apparatus; authenticate the first information; and send an authentication success message of the first information to the electrical apparatus in response to a result of determining that the first information passes the authentication, and perform the battery swap operation.

In some embodiments, the battery swap control unit is further configured to send second information of the shared battery to the electrical apparatus in response to a result of determining that the first information passes the authentication; and perform the battery swap operation in response to a result of determining that an authentication success message of the second information is received from the electrical apparatus.

In some embodiments, the battery swap control unit is further configured to send third information of the battery swap station to the electrical apparatus; and authenticate first information in response to a result of determining that the first information of the energy storage battery is received from the electrical apparatus.

In some embodiments, the battery swap control unit is further configured to send second information of the shared battery to the electrical apparatus; and perform the battery swap operation in response to a result of determining that an authentication success message of the second information is received from the electrical apparatus.

In some embodiments, the battery swap control unit is further configured to authenticate the first information in response to a result of determining that the first information of the energy storage battery is received from the electrical apparatus; and send an authentication success message of the first information to the electrical apparatus in response to a result of determining that the first information passes the authentication, and perform the battery swap operation.

In some embodiments, the battery swap control unit is further configured to send third information of the battery swap station to the electrical apparatus; and send the second information of the shared battery to the electrical apparatus in response to a result of determining that an authentication success message of the third information is received from the electrical apparatus.

In some embodiments, the first battery swap station authentication unit is further configured to find a MAC address of the electrical apparatus based on a correspondence between the identity information and the MAC address, where the identity information includes marker information of the electrical apparatus. The battery swap station communication establishing unit is further configured to establish communication with the electrical apparatus by use of the MAC address of the electrical apparatus in response to a result of determining that the MAC address of the electrical apparatus is found in the correspondence between the identity information and the MAC address.

In some embodiments, the first information includes: first identification information and first encrypted information. The first encrypted information is generated by encrypting the first identification information by use of a private key, and the private key is stored in production equipment of the energy storage battery. The battery swap control unit is further configured to decrypt the first encrypted information by use of a public key corresponding to the private key to generate first decrypted information, where the public key is stored in the battery swap station; and compare the first decrypted information with the first identification information. The determining that the first information passes the authentication includes: determining that the first decrypted information is identical to the first identification information.

In some embodiments, the second information includes: second identification information and second encrypted information. The second encrypted information is generated by encrypting the second identification information by use of a private key, and the private key is stored in production equipment of the shared battery.

In some embodiments, the third information includes: third identification information and third encrypted information. The third encrypted information is generated by encrypting the third identification information by use of a private key, and the private key is stored in production equipment of the battery swap station.

FIG.11is a schematic structural diagram of a battery swap authentication apparatus according to other embodiments of this application. Referring toFIG.11, an embodiment of this application further provides a battery swap authentication apparatus1100, applied to an electrical apparatus20. The apparatus1100includes: an electrical apparatus communication establishing unit1101and an electrical apparatus coordinating unit1102. The electrical apparatus communication establishing unit1101is configured to establish communication with a battery swap station in response to a result of determining that an authentication success message of identity information of the electrical apparatus is received from the battery swap station. The electrical apparatus coordinating unit1102is configured to coordinate with the battery swap station to perform a battery swap operation in response to a result of determining that an energy storage battery in the electrical apparatus and/or a shared battery in the battery swap station satisfies a battery swap rule.

In the battery swap authentication apparatus according to this embodiment, before the battery swap operation is performed, whether the energy storage battery in the electrical apparatus20and/or the shared battery in the battery swap station10satisfies the battery swap rule is verified in addition to authentication of the identity information of the electrical apparatus. That is, a step of authenticating the batteries is added, thereby improving security and reliability of authentication during a battery swap.

In some embodiments, the electrical apparatus coordinating unit is further configured to send first information of the energy storage battery to the battery swap station; and coordinate with the battery swap station to perform the battery swap operation in response to a result of determining that an authentication success message of the first information is received from the battery swap station.

In some embodiments, the electrical apparatus coordinating unit is further configured to authenticate second information in response to a result of determining that the second information of the shared battery is received from the battery swap station; and send an authentication success message of the second information to the battery swap station in response to a result of determining that the second information passes the authentication, and coordinate with the battery swap station to perform the battery swap operation.

In some embodiments, the electrical apparatus coordinating unit is further configured to receive third information of the battery swap station sent by the battery swap station; authenticate the third information; and send the first information of the energy storage battery to the battery swap station in response to a result of determining that the third information passes the authentication.

In some embodiments, the electrical apparatus coordinating unit is further configured to receive second information of the shared battery sent by the battery swap station; authenticate the second information; and send an authentication success message of the second information to the electrical apparatus in response to a result of determining that the second information passes the authentication, and coordinate with the battery swap station to perform the battery swap operation.

In some embodiments, the electrical apparatus coordinating unit is further configured to send first information of the energy storage battery to the battery swap station in response to a result of determining that the second information passes the authentication; and coordinate with the battery swap station to perform the battery swap operation in response to a result of determining that an authentication success message of the first information is received from the battery swap station.

In some embodiments, the electrical apparatus coordinating unit is further configured to receive third information of the battery swap station sent by the battery swap station; authenticate the third information; and send an authentication success message of the third information to the battery swap station in response to a result of determining that the third information passes the authentication, and receive the second information of the shared battery sent by the battery swap station.

In some embodiments, the electrical apparatus communication establishing unit is further configured to establish communication with the battery swap station in response to a result of determining that a communication request sent by the battery swap station by use of a MAC address of the electrical apparatus is received, where the MAC address of the electrical apparatus corresponds to the identity information of the electrical apparatus, and the identity information includes marker information of the electrical apparatus.

In some embodiments, the first information includes: first identification information and first encrypted information. The first encrypted information is generated by encrypting the first identification information by use of a private key, and the private key is stored in production equipment of the energy storage battery.

In some embodiments, the second information includes: second identification information and second encrypted information. The second encrypted information is generated by encrypting the second identification information by use of a private key, and the private key is stored in production equipment of the shared battery. The electrical apparatus coordinating unit is further configured to decrypt the second encrypted information by use of a public key corresponding to the private key to generate second decrypted information, where the public key is stored in the electrical apparatus; and compare the second decrypted information with the second identification information. The determining that the second information passes the authentication includes: determining that the second decrypted information is identical to the second identification information.

In some embodiments, the third information includes: third identification information and third encrypted information. The third encrypted information is generated by encrypting the third identification information by use of a private key, and the private key is stored in production equipment of the battery swap station. The electrical apparatus coordinating unit is further configured to decrypt the third encrypted information by use of a public key corresponding to the private key to generate third decrypted information, where the public key is stored in the electrical apparatus; and compare the third decrypted information with the third identification information. The determining that the third information passes the authentication includes: determining that the third decrypted information is identical to the third identification information.

The function and structure of the battery swap authentication apparatus are the same as those described in the foregoing embodiment, details of which may be learned by referring to the foregoing embodiment.

FIG.12is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to some embodiments of this application. Referring toFIG.12, an embodiment of this application further provides an electronic device1200, including: at least one processor1202; and a memory1201connected in communication to the at least one processor1202. The memory1201stores an instruction executable by the at least one processor1202. The instruction is executed by the at least one processor1202so that the at least one processor1202is enabled to perform the battery swap authentication method applicable to a battery swap station according to the foregoing embodiments.

In addition, an embodiment of this application further provides a battery swap station, including the electronic device1200.

An embodiment of this application further provides an electronic device, including: at least one processor; and a memory connected in communication to the at least one processor. The memory stores an instruction executable by the at least one processor. The instruction is executed by the at least one processor so that the at least one processor is enabled to perform the battery swap authentication method applicable to an electrical apparatus according to the foregoing embodiments.

An embodiment of this application further provides an electrical apparatus, including the electronic device described above. For example, the electrical apparatus20may be an electric vehicle shown inFIG.1. The electric vehicle is equipped with an energy storage battery (also referred to as an in-vehicle battery); or, the electrical apparatus20may be an energy storage station in which an energy storage battery is deployed.

In some embodiments, the electrical apparatus includes, but is not limited to a vehicle, or the like.

An embodiment of this application further provides a computer-readable storage medium that stores a computer instruction, where the computer instruction is used to enable a computer to perform the battery swap authentication method described above.

An embodiment of this application further provides a computer program product, including a computer program. When executed by a processor, the computer program implements the battery swap authentication method described above.

Finally, it needs to be noted that the foregoing embodiments are merely intended to describe the technical solutions of this application but not to limit this application. Although this application is described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, a person of ordinary skill in the art understands that modifications may still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent replacements may still be made to some or all technical features thereof. The modifications and equivalent replacements, which do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, fall within the scope of the claims and specification hereof. Particularly, to the extent that no structural conflict exists, various technical features mentioned in various embodiments may be combined in any manner. This application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.