Patent ID: 12207586

Repeat use of reference characters in the present specification and drawings is intended to represent the same or analogous features or elements of the present technology.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Reference now will be made in detail to embodiments of the invention, one or more examples of which are illustrated in the drawings. Each example is provided by way of explanation of the invention, not limitation of the invention. In fact, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the scope or spirit of the invention. For instance, features illustrated or described as part of some embodiments can be used with some embodiments to yield a still further embodiment. Thus, it is intended that the present invention covers such modifications and variations as come within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.

In this document, relational terms, such as first and second, top and bottom, and the like, are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action, without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. The terms “comprises,” “comprising,” or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. An element preceded by “comprises . . . a” does not, without more constraints, preclude the existence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.

As used herein, the term “and/or,” when used in a list of two or more items, means that any one of the listed items can be employed by itself, or any combination of two or more of the listed items can be employed. For example, if a composition or assembly is described as containing components A, B, and/or C, the composition or assembly can contain A alone; B alone; C alone; A and B in combination; A and C in combination; B and C in combination; or A, B, and C in combination.

In general, the present subject matter is directed to systems and methods for mitigating misapplications of an agricultural product to an underlying field during an application operation, such as by monitoring one or more application variables during operation of the vehicle. In several embodiments, a boom assembly may be configured to couple with a work vehicle. The vehicle and/or the boom assembly includes one or more spray nozzles that disperse an agricultural product onto a field. During an application operation, various application variables that may affect a spray quality index of application of the agricultural product to the field are monitored. The spray quality index can be defined as a predefined application rate/range that estimates whether an application operation has led to appropriate coverage of a field, or a portion of the field, by the agricultural product based on a summation of monitored application variables. In some instances, the spray quality index can be a scaled integer based on the deviations of each application variable from an optimal threshold or range defined between an upper threshold and a lower threshold for that respective application variable to determine whether the agricultural product was appropriately applied or misapplied to various portions of the field.

In several embodiments, the one or more application variables that may affect the spray quality index can include at least one of a nozzle size and style, which agricultural product is being applied, an incorrect agricultural product application rate, inclement weather as determined by meeting one or more criteria, an agricultural product flow rate or pressure deviating from a predefined range, boom assembly movement (e.g., jounce) exceeding a movement range, a vehicle exceeding a predefined speed, a vehicle acceleration/deceleration deviating from a predefined range, a turning radius exceeding predefined criteria, and/or any other application variable.

In several embodiments, to monitor the application variables, one or more sensors and/or systems of the vehicle and/or the boom assembly may monitor a condition that effects the overall application operation of the agricultural product. A computing system is communicatively coupled to the one or more sensors. Upon receiving data from the one or more sensors, the computing system can monitor the one or more application variables and calculate an overall spray quality for various portions of the field. In addition, the computing system can be configured to generate an application map that may be displayed on a display within the vehicle and/or on a remote electronic device. The application map may include multiple layers that provide various levels of data information to the operator of the vehicle. For instance, a first layer of the application map may be configured to illustrate an overall spray quality index of the application operation. A second layer of the application map may include an illustration (e.g., a geospatial illustration) of each set of application variables relative to a location of the field. A third layer of the application map may include an illustration (e.g., a geospatial illustration) of each individual application variable within a set of application variables.

In some instances, the computing system may also be configured to alter various components of the vehicle, such as a vehicle suspension, an agricultural product application system, a powertrain control system, steering system, and/or any other component of the vehicle. By adjusting any one or more of these systems, the computing system may mitigate spray quality index deviations when potentially adverse conditions exist.

Referring now toFIGS.1and2, a work vehicle10is generally illustrated as a self-propelled agricultural applicator. However, in alternate embodiments, the work vehicle10may be configured as any other suitable type of work vehicle10configured to perform agricultural application operations, such as a tractor or other vehicle configured to haul or tow an application implement.

In various embodiments, the work vehicle10may include a chassis12configured to support or couple to one or more components. For example, front and rear wheels14,16may be coupled to the chassis12. The wheels14,16may be configured to support the work vehicle10relative to a ground surface and move the work vehicle10in a direction of travel (e.g., as indicated by arrow18inFIG.1) across a field or a ground surface. In this regard, the work vehicle10may include a power plant, such as an engine, a motor, or a hybrid engine-motor combination, to move the vehicle10along a field.

The chassis12may also support a cab20, or any other form of operator's station, for permitting the operator to control the operation of the work vehicle10. In the example shown inFIG.1, the work vehicle10may include a human-machine interface (HMI)22for displaying messages and/or alerts to the operator and/or for allowing the operator to interface with the vehicle's computing system, or receive a user-input, through one or more user-input devices24(e.g., levers, pedals, control panels, buttons, and/or the like) within the cab20and/or in any other practicable location.

The chassis12may also support one or more tanks, such as a rinse tank and/or a product tank26, and a boom assembly28. The product tank26is generally configured to store or hold an agricultural product, such as a pesticide(s) (e.g., an herbicide(s), insecticide(s), rodenticide(s), etc.) and/or a nutrient(s). The agricultural product is conveyed from the product tank26through plumbing components, such as interconnected pieces of tubing, for release onto the underlying field (e.g., plants and/or soil) through one or more nozzle assemblies30mounted on the boom assembly28. As will be described below, each nozzle assembly30may include, for example, a spray nozzle and an associated nozzle valve for regulating the flow rate of the agricultural product through the nozzle (and, thus, the application rate of the nozzle assembly30), thereby allowing the desired spray characteristics of the output or spray fan of agricultural product expelled from the nozzle to be achieved.

As shown inFIGS.1and2, the boom assembly28can include a frame34that supports first and second boom sections36,38, which may be orientated in a cantilevered nature. The first and second boom sections36,38are generally movable between an operative or unfolded position (FIG.1) and an inoperative or folded position (FIG.2). When distributing product, the first and/or second boom section36,38extends laterally outward from the work vehicle10to the operative position in order to cover wide swaths of the underlying ground surface, as illustrated inFIG.1. However, to facilitate transport, each boom section36,38of the boom assembly28may be independently folded forwardly or rearwardly into the inoperative position, thereby reducing the overall width of the vehicle10, or in some examples, the overall width of a towable implement when the applicator is configured to be towed behind the work vehicle10.

Referring toFIG.3, a product application system74is illustrated in accordance with various aspects of the present subject matter. In general, the application system74will be described herein in relation to the agricultural sprayer10described above with reference toFIGS.1and2. However, it should be appreciated that the application system74may be advantageously utilized to control the application of agricultural product in association with any other suitable agricultural applicator, including sprayers having any other suitable sprayer configuration.

In several embodiments, the application system74may include various boom-related components of an associated agricultural applicator, such as one or more of the components of the boom assembly28described above. For instance, as shown inFIG.3, the application system74can include the boom assembly28that is configured to support one or more nozzle assemblies30. In general, each nozzle assembly30may, in turn, be configured to dispense the agricultural product stored within the tank26(FIG.1) onto the underlying field40and/or plants42. In several embodiments, the nozzle assemblies30may be mounted on and/or coupled to the first and/or second boom sections36,38of the boom assembly28, with the nozzle assemblies30being spaced apart from each other along a lateral direction44. Furthermore, fluid conduits46may fluidly couple the nozzle assemblies30to the tank26. In this respect, as the sprayer10travels across the field40in the direction of travel18(FIG.1) to perform a spraying operation thereon, the agricultural product moves from the tank26through the fluid conduit(s)46to each of the nozzle assemblies30.

In general, each nozzle assembly30is configured to dispense an agricultural product stored within an associated tank (e.g., product tank26) onto the underlying field and/or plants. In this regard, as indicated above, each nozzle assembly30may include a nozzle valve and an associated spray tip or spray nozzle. In several embodiments, the operation of each nozzle valve may be individually controlled such that the valve regulates the flow rate of the agricultural product through the associated nozzle assembly30, and thus, the application rate of the agricultural product dispended from the respective spray nozzle. Such control of the operation of the nozzle valve may also be used to achieve the desired spray characteristics for the output or spray fan expelled from the associated spray nozzle, such as a desired droplet size and/or spray pattern. For instance, the nozzle valve may be configured to be pulsed between open/closed positions relative to an orifice of the adjacent spray nozzle at a given frequency and duty cycle (e.g., using a pulse width modulation (PWM) technique) to achieve the desired flow rate and spray characteristics for the respective nozzle assembly30.

Referring still toFIG.3, the application system74may also include a computing system76communicatively coupled to one or more components of the agricultural sprayer10to allow the operation of such components to be electronically or automatically controlled by the computing system76. For instance, the computing system76may be communicatively coupled to one or more sensors50and/or systems of the vehicle10and/or the boom assembly28. During an application operation, the one or more sensors50may monitor an application variable that affects the overall application operation of the agricultural product. For example, in some embodiments, an orientation sensor50amay be installed on the boom assembly28and/or any other practicable location that is configured to detect movement and/or height variations of the boom assembly28.

In various examples, the orientation sensor50acan be configured to output a signal indicative of a measured boom height, a measured pitch angle, a measured yaw angle, and/or a measured roll angle of the vehicle10and/or the boom assembly28. For example, the orientation sensor50amay include a boom height sensor, an accelerometer, a gyroscope, or other sensor configured to monitor the orientation and/or the height on the vehicle10and/or the boom assembly28. The orientation information detected by the orientation sensor50amay enable the vehicle10to more accurately predict the expected position of the boom assembly28, thereby enhancing the efficiency of an application operation.

In examples in which the orientation sensor50aincorporates a height sensor, the height sensor may be configured as an ultrasonic transducer that sends sound waves toward the agricultural field40and receive the energy returned to the orientation sensor50a. In some examples, various other sensors including acoustic, infrared, capacitance, optical, and the like may be utilized to determine the distance between the boom assembly28and the agricultural field40. Additionally, and/or alternatively, the orientation sensor50amay incorporate a position sensor that may be configured to detect the position of various portions of the boom assembly28relative to an adjacent boom portions and/or relative to the frame34. For example, in some embodiments, the position sensor may be configured as a pressure sensor that is operably coupled with an actuator of the boom assembly28and/or positioned between two portions of the boom assembly28that are hingedly coupled to one another one of the joints51of the boom assembly28(FIG.1). In some embodiments, the position sensor may be configured as a strain gauge that detects strain indicative of the deflection of at least one of the boom sections36,38at a joint51of the boom assembly28. In various embodiments, the position sensor may be capacitive displacement sensors, Hall effect sensors, string potentiometers, or the like.

Additionally, and/or alternatively, in examples in which the orientation sensor50aincorporates an accelerometer, the accelerometer may correspond to one or more multi-axis accelerometers (e.g., one or more two-axis or three-axis accelerometers) such that the accelerometer may be configured to monitor the acceleration of the vehicle10and/or the boom assembly28in multiple directions, such as by sensing the vehicle acceleration along three different axes. It will be appreciated, however, that the accelerometer may generally correspond to any suitable type of accelerometer without departing from the teachings provided herein.

With further reference toFIG.3, in accordance with aspects of the present subject matter, one or more spray sensors50bmay be installed on the vehicle10and/or the boom assembly28. In general, the spray sensors50bmay be configured to capture data indicative of one or more spray quality application variables associated with the fans48of the agricultural product being dispensed by the nozzle assemblies30. The spray quality application variable(s) may, in turn, be indicative of the quality of the spraying operation, such as whether a target application rate of the agricultural product is being met.

In several embodiments, the spray sensors50bmay correspond to one or more imaging sensors52. In such embodiments, each imaging sensor52may be coupled to or mounted on the boom assembly28such that the one or more fans48of the agricultural product are within an associated field of view54. As such, each imaging sensor52may be configured to capture image data related to the one or more spray fans48. As will be described below, a computing system76may be configured to analyze the image data to determine one or more spray fan application variables of the depicted spray fans48. For example, such spray fan application variables may include the shape of the spray fans48, the size or width of the spray fans48, the height of the spray fans48, the size of the droplets/particles forming the spray fans48, an inconsistency in such application variables between two or more spray fans48, an orifice type of the one or more nozzles, and/or a mixture of materials defining the agricultural product. In some embodiments, such as the example illustrated inFIG.3, a single imaging sensor52is installed on the boom assembly28in a position to monitor a single spray fan48. However, in alternative embodiments, any other suitable number of imaging sensors52may be installed on the boom assembly28. Furthermore, any other suitable number of spray fans48may be positioned the field of view54of each imaging sensor52.

The imaging sensors52may correspond to any suitable sensing devices configured to detect or capture images or other image-like data associated with the spray fans48present within its field of view54. For example, in several embodiments, the imaging sensors52may correspond to a suitable camera configured to capture three-dimensional images of the spray fans48present within its field of view54. For instance, in a particular embodiment, the imaging sensors52may correspond to a stereographic camera having two or more lenses with a separate image sensor for each lens to allow the camera to capture stereographic or three-dimensional images. However, in alternative embodiments, the imaging sensors52may correspond to any other suitable sensing devices configured to capture image or image-like data, such as a monocular camera, a LIDAR sensors, and/or a RADAR sensors.

In some embodiments, the spray sensors50bmay correspond to one or more pressure sensors56. In general, the pressure sensors56may be configured to capture data indicative of the pressure of the agricultural product being supplied to the nozzle assemblies30. As such, the pressure sensors56may be provided in fluid communication with one of the fluid conduits46. For example, the pressure sensor56may correspond to a diaphragm pressure sensor, a piston pressure sensor, a strain gauge-based pressure sensor, an electromagnetic pressure sensor, and/or the like.

In various embodiments, the spray sensors50bmay correspond to one or more airspeed sensors58. In general, the airspeed sensors58may be configured to capture data indicative of the airspeed of the air flowing past the boom assembly28as the sprayer10travels in the direction of travel18. The airspeed data may, in turn, be indicative of the speed at which the air moves relative the boom assembly28. In this respect, airspeed data may take in account both the airflow caused by the movement of the sprayer10relative to the ground and the airflow caused by any wind that is present. For example, the airspeed sensors58may correspond to a pitot tube, an anemometer, and/or the like. As shown, the airspeed sensors58are mounted on the top of the boom assembly28. However, in alternative embodiments, the airspeed sensors58may be installed on the sprayer10at any other suitable location(s). Moreover, in further embodiments, the spray sensors50bmay correspond to any other suitable sensors capable of capturing data indicative of the quality of the spray fans48emitted by the nozzle assemblies30.

Referring now toFIG.4, an interior of the cab20of the work vehicle10may include a seat60, on which the operator sits when operating the vehicle10. In various embodiments, a steering wheel62is located near the seat60, so as to be within section's reach of the operator when the operator is seated. Though a steering wheel62is included in the illustrated embodiment, other embodiments of the vehicle10may include other devices for receiving steering inputs from the operator. For example, in place of a steering wheel62, the cab20may have left/right control bars, a hand controller, pedals, or another suitable device for receiving steering inputs. Also located near the seat60, at the operator's feet, can be one or more pedals64. The pedals64may be configured to receive input from the operator for controlling the speed of the vehicle10. For example, the pedals64may control a throttle, brakes, a clutch, other suitable systems, or a combination thereof. In other embodiments, the pedals64may be used for steering inputs. Further, in embodiments in which the vehicle10is semi-autonomous or fully autonomous, the steering wheel62and/or the pedals64may be omitted.

Along one or both sides of the seat60may be an armrest66. The armrest66may include one or more hand manipulation devices68, the HMI22, supported by an interface mount70, and/or one or more user-input devices24. The HMI22may be used to present information to the operator, such as vehicle information (e.g., ground speed, oil pressure, engine temperature, etc.), boom assembly28operations information (e.g., nozzle in use, agricultural product flow rate), and manufacturer proprietary systems information (e.g. Advanced Farming Systems (AFS) information, including yield maps, position data, etc.). In addition, the HMI22may also be capable of presenting and displaying data associated with one or more application variables that can affect the application of the agricultural product.

Referring now toFIG.5, a schematic view of some embodiments of the application system74for monitoring and/or mitigating misapplications of an agricultural product during an application operation is illustrated in accordance with aspects of the present subject matter. In general, the application system74will be described herein with reference to the work vehicle10and the boom assembly28described above with reference toFIGS.1-4. However, it should be appreciated that the disclosed application system74may generally be utilized with work vehicles10having any suitable vehicle configuration and/or implements having any suitable implement configuration.

In several embodiments, the application system74may be configured to receive data from a sensing system that includes various sensors and/or vehicle components to monitor one or more application variables, determine various summations of application variables, and/or calculate an overall spray quality index based on the monitored application variables. Based on the received data, the system may also be configured to present the spray quality over a corresponding application map, generate a notification when any of the application variables deviate from a predefined range and/or from a demanded application rate, and/or store the each spray quality index at geo-located vehicle positions. In some instances, the computing system may also be configured to alter various components of the vehicle10, such as the vehicle suspension32, an agricultural product application system78, a powertrain control system80, a steering system82, and/or any other component of the vehicle10. By adjusting any one or more of these systems, the computing system may mitigate spray quality index deviations when potentially adverse conditions exist.

In general, the computing system76may comprise one or more processor-based devices, such as a given controller or computing device or any suitable combination of controllers or computing devices. Thus, in several embodiments, the computing system76may include one or more processor(s)84, and associated memory device(s)86configured to perform a variety of computer-implemented functions. As used herein, the term “processor” refers not only to integrated circuits referred to in the art as being included in a computer, but also refers to a controller, a microcontroller, a microcomputer, a programmable logic circuit (PLC), an application specific integrated circuit, and other programmable circuits. Additionally, the memory device(s)86of the computing system76may generally comprise memory element(s) including, but not limited to, a computer-readable medium (e.g., random access memory RAM)), a computer-readable non-volatile medium (e.g., a flash memory), a floppy disk, a compact disk-read only memory (CD-ROM), a magneto-optical disk (MOD), a digital versatile disk (DVD) and/or other suitable memory elements. Such memory device(s)86may generally be configured to store suitable computer-readable instructions that, when implemented by the processor(s)84, configure the computing system76to perform various computer-implemented functions, such as one or more aspects of the methods and algorithms that will be described herein. In addition, the computing system76may also include various other suitable components, such as a communications circuit or module, one or more input/output channels, a data/control bus and/or the like.

It should be appreciated that the various functions of the computing system76may be performed by a single processor-based device or may be distributed across any number of processor-based devices, in which instance such devices may be considered to form part of the computing system76. For instance, the functions of the computing system76may be distributed across multiple application-specific controllers, such as a pump controller, individual nozzle controllers, and/or the like.

In several embodiments, the memory device86may include an application variable database88for storing application variable data received from one or more sensor(s)50a-f, a positioning device94, a weather station96, or any other device. Moreover, in addition to initial or raw sensor data received from the sensor(s)50a-f, the positioning device94, and/or the weather station96, final or post-processing application variable data (as well as any intermediate application variable data created during data processing) may also be stored within the application variable database88.

In various embodiments, the memory device86may also include an agricultural product database98that stores product information. The product information may include various information regarding the optimal conditions and rates of application for an individual product that is to be applied to the field40. In some instances, the product information may be preloaded or sent to the vehicle10via wired or wireless communication therewith. Additionally, or alternatively, the product information may be manually inputted into the database. In some embodiments, based on the selected product information, a different spray quality index and/or acceptable range may be selected.

Additionally, in several embodiments, the memory device86may also include a location database100storing location data of the work vehicle10and/or the boom assembly28. For example, in some embodiments, the positioning device94may be configured to determine the location of the work vehicle10and/or the boom assembly28by using a satellite navigation positioning device94(e.g. a GPS system, a Galileo positioning system, the Global Navigation satellite system (GLONASS), the BeiDou Satellite Navigation and Positioning system, a dead reckoning device, and/or the like). In such embodiments, the location determined by the positioning device94may be transmitted to the computing system76(e.g., in the form location coordinates) and subsequently stored within the location database100for subsequent processing and/or analysis.

In several embodiments, the location data stored within the location database100may also be correlated to the application variable data stored within the application variable database88. For instance, in some embodiments, the location coordinates derived from the positioning device94and the application variable data captured by the sensor(s)50a-fand/or the weather station96may both be time-stamped. In such embodiments, the time-stamped data may allow each individual set of data captured by the sensor(s)50a-fand/or the weather station96to be matched or correlated to a corresponding set of location coordinates received from the positioning device94, thereby allowing the precise location of the portion of the field40associated with a given set of application variable data to be known (or at least capable of calculation) by the computing system76.

Additionally, in some embodiments, such as the one shown inFIG.5, the memory device86may include a field database102for storing information related to the field40, such as application map data. In such embodiments, by matching each set of application variable data captured by the sensor(s)50a-fand/or the weather station96to a corresponding set of location coordinates, the computing system76may be configured to generate or update a corresponding application map associated with the field40, which may then be stored within the field database102for subsequent processing and/or analysis. For example, the application variable data captured by the sensor(s)50a-f, the positioning device94, and/or the weather station96may be mapped or otherwise correlated to the corresponding locations within the application map. Alternatively, based on the location data and the associated sensor data, the computing system76may be configured to generate an application map that includes the geo-located application variable associated therewith. In some embodiments, the computing system76may be configured to provide one or more maps in which each application variable is mapped independently onto the application map in an individual map. Additionally, or alternatively, the computing system76may be configured to generate a composite map illustrating an overall geo-located spray quality index for the field40.

With further reference toFIG.5, in several embodiments the computing system76may be configured to analyze the initial or raw sensor data captured by the sensor(s)50a-f, the positioning device94, and/or the weather station96to allow the computing system to calculate the summation of various application variables and/or the spray quality index of one or more sections of the field40. For instance, the computing system76may be configured to execute one or more suitable data processing techniques or algorithms that allows computing system76to accurately and efficiently analyze the sensor data, such as by applying corrections or adjustments to the data based on the sensor type, sensor resolution, and/or other application variables associated with the sensor(s)50a-f, the positioning device94, and/or the weather station96, by filtering the data to remove outliers, by implementing sub-routines or intermediate calculations to estimate the spray quality index based on one or more application variables, and/or by performing any other desired data processing-related techniques or algorithms.

In some embodiments, the computing system76may be configured to analyze the data to determine a spray quality index for the analyzed section of the field40and/or whether the spray quality index is within predefined ranges. In various examples, the spray quality index may be determined by an average of sets of application variables that are monitored during the spray application. In some instances, each application variable is correlated to a scaled integer based on the monitored application variable. The scaled integer may be weighted prior to or after the scaling. After each integer is scaled, the application variables may be aggregated and averaged to determine a spray quality index for each of one or more sets of application variables. In turn, each set of application variables may also be averaged to determine an overall spray quality index. In some embodiments, the computing system76may be configured to store which application variables cause variances in the spray quality index during operation of the vehicle10such that the weighting of each application variable may be updated based on the updated data. Accordingly, in some examples, the application system74may from a closed-loop system in which detected data is fed to the computing system76to recalculate the weighted prior to or after the scaling of each application variable.

In some examples, the one or more application variables includes at least a first and a second application variable. In some instances, the first application variable is weighted differently from that of the second application variable in determining the spray quality index based on each factor's ultimate effect on the overall application of the agricultural product to the field40. For instance, in some embodiments, the computing system76may receive, from the one or more sensors50a-50f, data associated with the first and second application variables and calculate the spray quality index based on the received data. Further, in some examples, the first application variable may have a first scaling factor and a second application variable may have a second scaling factor. In some instances, the second scaling factor may differ from the first scaling factor.

The computing system76may provide instructions for various other components communicatively coupled with the computing system76based on the results of the data analysis. For example, the computing system76may provide notification instructions to a vehicle notification system128, the HMI22, and/or a remote electronic device138if any of the one or more application variables deviates from a predefined range or the spray quality index deviates from a predefined range as such an occurrence may cause an inadequate application to a portion of the field40.

In several embodiments, the data captured by the sensor(s)50a-f, the positioning device94, and/or the weather station96may each be configured to detect one or more parameters indicative of one or more field conditions associated with an adjacent field swath as the vehicle10makes a pass along a current field swath. In such embodiments, the field-related data generated by the sensor(s)50a-f, the positioning device94, and/or the weather station96may be used by the computing system76to monitor the associated field condition(s) of the adjacent field swath. The computing system76may record the monitored field condition(s) within the memory device86, including generating an application map that geo-locates the field condition data across the adjacent field swath. As such, when the vehicle10makes a subsequent pass across the field40along the previously marked/mapped swath, the field condition data may be used to provide notification instructions to a vehicle notification system128, the HMI22, and/or a remote electronic device138to adjust one or more components based on the field condition data generated for the adjacent field swath. In response, in some embodiments, based on the application mapping of the adjacent field swaths, a user may update an application operation to efficiently apply to agricultural product to the adjacent field swath when applying the agricultural product to that portion of the field40.

Additionally, and/or alternatively, the computing system may actively control various operations of the vehicle10, such as by making a one-time adjustment to one or more operating parameters associated with the operation of the vehicle10and/or the boom assembly28prior to making the subsequent pass based on the field condition data generated for the adjacent field swath or by actively adjusting one or more operating application variables associated with the operation of the vehicle10and/or the boom assembly28as the vehicle10and/or the boom assembly28make the subsequent pass based on the field condition data to provide on-the-fly adjustments to accommodate localized variations in the monitored field condition(s) along all or a portion of the swath.

Referring still toFIG.5, in some embodiments, the mobile weather station96can be mounted to the vehicle10, the boom assembly28, and/or other locations. The mobile weather station96can contain any of the sensors50a-fthat monitor one or more weather application variables, such as temperature, wind speed, wind direction, relative humidity, barometric pressure, cloud cover, and trends thereof. During operation, if one or more of the criteria changes, such as the wind direction or speed changes, the changes can alter the ability to uniformly apply the agricultural product to the field40. By using the information provided by the mobile weather station96, the system88can determine when inclement weather exists for the application operation. In some embodiments, each of the one or more weather application variables may be individually scaled based on each of the one or more criteria‘s’ effect on the overall change to the spray application. For instance, in some cases, wind speed may have a greater effect of the spray quality than cloud cover. Thus, the wind speed may be scaled to have a greater impact on the weather application variable that is obtained by the computing system76than the cloud coverage.

In some embodiments, a set of application variables vwthat are related to the weather during the application operation may be calculated by the following equation:

vw=Σ1n⁡(x1⁢c1)+…+(xn⁢cn)Nc(1)
where vwis a summation of the weather application variables, c1to cnare the one or more weather application variables, x1to xnare the scaling factors for each of the one or more weather application variables, and Ncis the number of weather application variable c1to cnin the numerator of equation (1). In some instances, each of the one or more weather application variables c1to cnis correlated to a scaled integer based on a conversion from the raw data as detected by the weather station96to a look-up table(s), suitable mathematical formula, and/or algorithms. In some instances, the scaling may convert the raw data to a range for each of the one or more weather application variables c1to cn. In some examples, each scaled integer may be weighted simultaneously with the conversion such that each of the one or more weather application variables c1to cndefine various ranges or after the scaling such that each of the one or more weather application variables c1to cndefine a common range. After each of the one or more weather application variables c1to cnis scaled, the one or more weather application variables c1to cnmay be aggregated and averaged to determine a spray quality index for the weather application variable vw.

With further reference toFIG.5, the computing system76is operably coupled with the agricultural product application system78that may be configured to dispense a product from the product tank26to the field40through a nozzle assembly30. The nozzle assembly30may selectively dispense the fan48of the agricultural product stored within the tank26onto the underlying field40and/or plants42at a target application rate. In general, the target application rate for an agricultural product is an amount (e.g., a volume or weight) of the substance to be applied per unit area of the field40(e.g., per acre) to provide the desired agricultural outcome (e.g., weed coverage reduction, pest reduction, and/or the like).

In various embodiments, one or more spray sensors50bare configured to capture data indicative of one or more spray quality application variables associated with one or more fans48of the agricultural product being dispensed by the boom assembly28. Additionally, in some embodiments, a flow sensor50cmay detect a flow rate of agricultural product through the application system78and a distribution line pressure within the application system78may be detected by a pressure sensor50d, which may correspond to the pressure sensor56described in referenceFIG.3, both of which may provide a measure of spray quantity and droplet size of the agricultural product being dispensed from the one or more nozzle assemblies30.

As the boom assembly28travels across the field40to perform the spraying operation thereon, the computing system76may be configured to receive the captured data from the spray sensors50b, the flow sensor50c, and/or the pressure sensor50d. The determined spray quality application variable(s) may correspond to any suitable application variable(s)/characteristic(s) indicative of the quality of the spray fans48being dispensed by the nozzle assembly30. Thereafter, the computing system76may be configured to process/analyze the received data to determine or estimate the spray quality application variable value(s) for the nozzle assembly30. For instance, the computing system76may include a look-up table(s), suitable mathematical formula, and/or algorithms stored within its memory device86that correlates the received sensor data to the spray quality application variable value(s). In such embodiments, the computing system76may be configured to analyze the received data to determine the shape(s) and/or size(s) (e.g., the width(s)) of the detected spray fan(s)48. Additionally, the computing system76may be configured to analyze the received image data to determine the size of the droplets or particles forms the imaged spray fan(s)48.

Further, in various examples, a movement sensor(s)50amay generally correspond to any suitable sensing devices for detecting data related to position, angle, displacement, distance, speed, acceleration of any component of the boom assembly28. For example, in some embodiments, the movement sensor(s)50amay correspond to an imaging sensor52(an area-type image sensor, such as a CCD or a CMOS image sensor, and image-capturing optics that capture an image of an imaging field of view54), as described in reference toFIG.3. Additionally, or alternatively, in some embodiments, the movement sensor may be configured as a light detection and ranging (LIDAR) sensors that are configured to emit one or more output signals for reflection off of the ground surface and receive or sense the return signal(s). Additionally, or alternatively, the movement sensor(s)50amay correspond to an a radio detection and ranging (RADAR) sensor(s), a Hall effect sensor(s), a gyroscope sensor(s), a magnetometer sensor(s), an accelerometer sensor(s), a yaw-rate sensor(s), a piezoelectric sensor(s), a position sensor(s), a complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) sensor(s), a pressure sensor(s), a capacitive sensor(s), an ultrasonic sensor(s), or any other suitable type of sensor(s). In some examples, when movement beyond a predefined range is detected by the movement sensor50a, a notification may be generated by the computing system76.

In some embodiments, a set of application variables vs that is monitored by one or more sensors50b-dof the application system74may define a sensor application variable vs that may be calculated by the following equation:

vs=Σ1n⁡(x1⁢s1)+…+(xn⁢sn)Ns(2)
where vsis a summation of the application variables detected by the sensors, s1to snare the one or more application variables detected by the sensors, x1to xnare the scaling factors for each of the one or more detected application variables, and Ns is the number of application variables detected by the sensors s1to snin the numerator of equation (2). In some instances, each of the one or more application variables detected by the sensors s1to snis correlated to a scaled integer based on a conversion from the raw data as detected by the sensors50b-dto a look-up table(s), suitable mathematical formula, and/or algorithms. In some instances, the scaling may convert the raw data to a range for each of the one or more application variables detected by the sensors s1to sn. In some examples, each scaled integer may be weighted simultaneously with the conversion such that each of the one or more application variables detected by the sensors s1to sndefine various ranges or after the scaling such that each of the one or more application variables detected by the sensors s1to sndefine a common range. After each of the one or more application variables detected by the sensors s1to snis scaled, the one or more application variables detected by the sensors s1to snmay be aggregated and averaged to determine a spray quality index for the sensor application variable vs.

In some embodiments, a powertrain control system80includes an engine output control system110, a transmission control system112, and a braking control system114. Through the usage of any of these systems, the computing system76may collect data related to one or more of the application variables during operation of the vehicle10and/or during an application operation. For instance, the engine output control system110is configured to vary the output of the engine to control the speed of the vehicle10by varying a throttle setting of the engine, a fuel/air mixture of the engine, a timing of the engine, and/or other suitable engine application variables to control engine output. In addition, the transmission control system112may adjust gear selection within a transmission to control the speed of the vehicle10. Furthermore, the braking control system114may adjust braking force, thereby controlling the speed of the vehicle10. While the illustrated powertrain control system80includes the engine output control system110, the transmission control system112, and the braking control system114, it should be appreciated that alternative embodiments may include one or two of these systems, in any suitable combination. Further embodiments may include a powertrain control system80having other and/or additional systems to facilitate adjusting the speed of the vehicle10.

In some embodiments, a set of application variables vpcsthat is provided by the powertrain control system80may be calculated by the following equation:

vp⁢c⁢s=Σ1n⁡(x1⁢p1)+…+(xn⁢pn)Np(3)
where vpcsis the summation of the application variables provided by the powertrain control system80, p1to pnare the one or more application variables provided by the powertrain control system80, x1to xnare the scaling factors for each of the one or more application variables provided by the powertrain control system80, and Npis the number of application variables p1top, provided by the powertrain control system80in the numerator of equation (3). In some instances, each of the one or more application variables p1top, provided by the powertrain control system80is correlated to a scaled integer based on a conversion from the raw data as detected by the weather station96to a look-up table(s), suitable mathematical formula, and/or algorithms. In some instances, the scaling may convert the raw data to a range for each of the one or more application variables p1to pnprovided by the powertrain control system80. In some examples, each scaled integer may be weighted simultaneously with the conversion such that each of the one or more application variables p1to pnprovided by the powertrain control system80define various ranges or after the scaling such that each of the one or more application variables p1to pnprovided by the powertrain control system80define a common range. After each of the one or more application variables p1to pnprovided by the powertrain control system80is scaled, the one or more application variables p1to pnprovided by the powertrain control system80may be aggregated and averaged to determine a spray quality index for the powertrain control system application variable vpcs.

Still referring toFIG.5, a steering system82can include a torque sensor50e, a steering angle sensor50f, a wheel angle control system116, a differential braking system118, and/or a torque vectoring system120that may be used to steer (e.g., adjust the steering angle) the vehicle10. Each of these components may monitor and/or control a function of the steering system82of the vehicle10. The steering angle sensor50fmay provide data related to an instantaneous steering direction of the vehicle10while the torque sensor50emay sense a torque on the steering wheel62indicating an operator's intention for manipulating the steering system82. The manipulation of the direction and speed of alteration are application variables that effect the application operation and, therefore, the computing system76may provide notifications if one or more of application variables within the steering system82either exceed a predefined range or if the actions taken by the steering system82contribute to a spray quality index exceeding a predefined range.

The wheel angle control system116may rotate one or more wheels14,16(FIG.1) or tracks of the vehicle10(e.g., via hydraulic actuators) to steer the vehicle10based at least in part on the initial curvature of the virtual path. By way of example, the wheel angle control system116may rotate front wheels/tracks14, rear wheels/tracks16, and/or intermediate wheels/tracks of the vehicle10, either individually or in groups. The differential braking system118may independently vary the braking force on each lateral side of the vehicle10to direct the vehicle10. Similarly, the torque vectoring system120may differentially apply torque from the engine to wheels14,16and/or tracks on each lateral side of the vehicle10. Further embodiments may include a steering system82having other and/or additional systems to facilitate directing the vehicle10based at least in part on respective initial curvatures of the iteratively calculated virtual paths (e.g., an articulated steering system, differential drive system, etc.), for example.

In some embodiments, a set of application variables vstthat is provided by the steering system82may be calculated by the following equation:

vs⁢t=Σ1n⁡(x1⁢s⁢t1)+…+(xn⁢s⁢tn)Ns⁢t(4)
where vstis a summation of the application variables provided by the steering system82, st1to stnare the one or more application variables provided by the steering system82, x1to xnare the scaling factors for each of the one or more application variables st1to stnprovided by the steering system82, and Nstis the number of application variables st1to stnprovided by the steering system82in the numerator of equation (4). In some instances, each of the one or more application variables st1to stnprovided by the steering system82is correlated to a scaled integer based on a conversion from the raw data as detected by the weather station96to a look-up table(s), suitable mathematical formula, and/or algorithms. In some instances, the scaling may convert the raw data to a range for each of the one or more application variables st1to stnprovided by the steering system82. In some examples, each scaled integer may be weighted simultaneously with the conversion such that each of the one or more application variables st1to stnprovided by the steering system82define various ranges or after the scaling such that each of the one or more application variables st1to stnprovided by the steering system82define a common range. After each of the one or more application variables st1to stnprovided by the steering system82is scaled, the one or more application variables st1to stnprovided by the steering system82may be aggregated and averaged to determine a spray quality index for the steering system application variable vst.

In some embodiments, each of the summation of application variables vw, vs, vpcs, and vstare calculated and correlated to an integer that shares a common range. For instance, each of the sets of application variables vw, vs, vpcs, and vstmay be converted to an integer between 0 and 100 (or any other range) that is indicative of an estimated spray quality based on the application variable with 0 being a highly likely misapplication of agricultural product and 100 being a highly likely proper application of agricultural product. For instance, with the summation of the application variables vpcsprovided by the powertrain control system80, an integer below 50, when the correlated integers range from 0 to 100, may indicate that the vehicle10is traveling to quickly thereby likely causing an underapplication of the agricultural product or the vehicle10is traveling too slowly thereby likely causing an overapplication of agricultural product. Conversely, if the summation of the application variables vpcsprovided by the powertrain control system80is an integer above 80, when the correlated integers range from 0 to 100, the integer may indicate that the powertrain control system80is operating appropriately for proper application of the agricultural product to the underlying field40. As provided herein, each agricultural product may be correlated to a different integer based on the application guidelines for that agricultural product.

In order to calculate the overall spray quality index, each set of application variables vw, vs, vpcs, and vstmay be averaged to provide an overall spray quality index, which may be calculated by the following equation:

SQI=vw+vs+vp⁢c⁢s+vs⁢t+vnNv(5)
in which SQI is the overall spray quality index of the application operation, vwis the average integer representing the application variables provided by from the weather station96, vsis the average integer detected by the sensors, vpcsis the average integer representing the application variables provided by the powertrain control system80, vstis the average integer representing the application variables provided by the steering system82, vnis the average integer representing the application variables provided by any additional application variables that effect the spray quality index that are then correlated to an integer within a common range as the other application variables, and Nvis the number of integers. In various embodiments, any other system and/or sensor that may be operably coupled with the vehicle10for detecting any application variable that may affect the spray quality during an application operation may also be calculated and included in the spray quality index without departing from the teachings provided herein. It will be appreciated that in other examples, any other formula and/or algorithm may be used to determine a spray quality index based on monitored application variables without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

In some examples, the HMI22may include a display122having a touchscreen124mounted within a cockpit module, an instrument cluster, and/or any other location within the vehicle10. The display122may be capable of displaying information related to the spray quality index or any other information. In some embodiments, the HMI22may include a user-input device24in the form of circuitry126within the touchscreen124to receive an input corresponding with a location over the display122. Other forms of input, including one or more joysticks, digital input pads, or the like can be used in place or in addition to the touchscreen124. In some instances, a predefined range defined by a lower and upper threshold for the spray quality index may be set, either as an initial/default value or range or as an operator defined value or range through the touchscreen124and/or any other user-input device24. The predefined range may be agricultural product specific. If the spray quality index deviates from the predefined range, a notification may be provided to a user through the HMI22, a vehicle notification system128, an electronic device138, and/or through any other device.

In some embodiments, the vehicle notification system128may prompt visual, auditory, and tactile notifications and/or warnings. For instance, vehicle brake lights130and/or vehicle emergency flashers may provide a visual alert. A vehicle horn132and/or speaker134may provide an audible alert. A haptic device136integrated into the steering wheel62, the seat60, the armrest66, and/or any other location may provide a tactile alert. In addition to providing the notification to the operator, the computing system76may additionally store the location of the vehicle10at the time of the notification. The stored location may be displayed through an application map to illustrate locations of the field40in which an agricultural product may have been misapplied.

Further, the application system74may communicate via wired and/or wireless communication with one or more remote electronic devices138through a transceiver140. The network may be one or more of various wired or wireless communication mechanisms, including any combination of wired (e.g., cable and fiber) and/or wireless (e.g., cellular, wireless, satellite, microwave, and radio frequency) communication mechanisms and any desired network topology (or topologies when multiple communication mechanisms are utilized). Exemplary wireless communication networks include a wireless transceiver (e.g., a BLUETOOTH module, a ZIGBEE transceiver, a Wi-Fi transceiver, an IrDA transceiver, an RFID transceiver, etc.), local area networks (LAN), and/or wide area networks (WAN), including the Internet, providing data communication services.

The electronic device138may also include a display for displaying information to a user. For instance, the electronic device138may display one or more user interfaces and may be capable of receiving remote user-inputs to set a predefined range for any of the application variables and/or to input any other information, such as the agricultural product to be used in an application operation. In addition, the electronic device138may provide feedback information, such as visual, audible, and tactile alerts. It will be appreciated that the electronic device138may be any one of a variety of computing devices and may include a processor and memory. For example, the electronic device138may be a cell phone, mobile communication device, key fob, wearable device (e.g., fitness band, watch, glasses, jewelry, wallet), apparel (e.g., a tee shirt, gloves, shoes or other accessories), personal digital assistant, headphones and/or other devices that include capabilities for wireless communications and/or any wired communications protocols.

In some embodiments, the application system74may also provide the operator with various mitigation techniques for returning the spray quality index to operation within the predefined range and/or for manipulating one or more application variables to return the spray quality index to a predefined range. For example, when inclement weather is detected, the notification may provide a weather update and an estimate on when the weather will return to a more optimal condition for continuing the application operation. Additionally, or alternatively, when an incorrect nozzle or a poorly functioning nozzle is detected, the notification may provide information relating to the location of the poorly performing nozzle and/or information relating to the model of the nozzle for providing an appropriate replacement. Additionally, or alternatively, when an incorrect application rate is detected, the computing system76may provide instructions90for altering a function of the vehicle10that assists in correcting the application rate. It will be appreciated that notifications provided by the computing system76may include any other information relating to any other component of the vehicle10and/or the boom assembly28and mitigation instructions90for mitigating any issue that may occur in relation to those components.

As provided herein, each application variable may be individually weighted by a scaling factor based on their effect on the overall spray quality index. Therefore, when providing the operator with various mitigation techniques for returning the spray quality index to operation within the predefined range, the application system74may determine which application variable is best to manipulate to achieve the desired spray quality index. Thus, while the vehicle10may be moving too fast, the system may provide not only mitigation instructions90that slowing the vehicle10will increase the spray quality index, but adjusting a flow rate of the agricultural product may also accomplish the desired results. Accordingly, to mitigate the deficiencies of a first application variable, the first application variable or any other application variable may be manipulated to achieve a desired spray quality index.

Referring toFIGS.6-8, conjunctively, there is shown a portion of the visual display122for presenting various application maps144to an operator of the vehicle10. In various examples, an operator can view an application map144have one or more layers146,148,150to obtain information relating to the overall spray quality index and/or various application variables and their effect of the spray quality index at various times and/or locations on an application operation. For instance, in the illustrated examples,FIG.6generally illustrates an example of an overall spray quality index application map144,FIG.7generally illustrates an example of a set of application variables application map144, andFIG.8generally illustrates an example of a single application variable application map144. It will be appreciated, however, that the computing system76may be capable of calculating any number of maps that may be presented on the display122. In the illustrated examples, the application maps144are generally configured as geospatial application maps144. However, it will be appreciated that any other type of data visualization may be provided on the display122. For example, any tool and/or technique supporting the analysis of the geospatial data through the use of interactive visualization may be provided, including, tabulated data, singular data, user-inputted location specific data, data overlaid onto the application map144, etc., without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

In operation, the computing system76may be configured to present a real-time map, a historical map, and/or a projection map on the visual display122, including a position of the vehicle10on the application map144. By implementing the system74provided herein, in some embodiments, an operator can modify one or more application variables on the real-time map, even “on-the-fly” during operation of the vehicle10. The term “real-time,” as used herein with respect to the visual display122, is intended to cover the situation where the visual display122is continually or intermittently updated as the vehicle10is operated, as well as the situation where the visual display122is updated until the time that the operator signals to add/delete/change various maps or preferences associated on the visual display122and the display122is paused while the modification is made.

With further reference toFIGS.6-8, the computing system76can receive data relating to at least one application variable based on an application operation. In response, the computing system76can store and analyze the received data, store a GPS signal or location data from the positioning device94, and represent the collected data relative to a location in an application map144. Using such analysis, the computing system76can illustrate whether each application variable relative to a location was within the predefined range during the application operation, which, in sum, are used to determine whether the spray quality index is within a predefined range.

In various examples, the application map144may include multiple layers that provide various levels of information to the operator of the vehicle10with respect to one or more application variables. For instance, a first layer146of the application map144may be configured to illustrate an overall spray quality index of the application operation. A second layer146of the application map144may include an illustration (e.g., a geospatial illustration) of each set of application variables relative to a location of the field40. A third layer150of the application map144may include an illustration (e.g., a geospatial illustration) of each individual application variable within a set of application variables. Additionally, or alternatively, in some examples, the computing system may generate a first layer146of an application map illustrating a spray quality index based on first and second application variables, a second layer of the application map presenting a first application variable of the one or more application variables, and a third geo-located map presenting a second application variable of the one or more application variables.

In some examples, the application map144may illustrate or present one or more notification regions152,154within any of the layers146,148,150that may be useful for reapplication and/or future applications of the agricultural product. When a notification region152,154is generated by the computing system76and illustrated on the display122, an operator may be able to define an individual application variable or the various application variables that generally led to the notification region152,154. In some examples, the display122may also provide a list or table illustrating each application variable and whether or not each application variable is within a predefined range. If any of the application variables deviates from the predefined range, a user may be provided with mitigation strategies for returning the application variable to the appropriate predefined range.

In some examples, the application map144may also illustrate the location of each generated notification that may be useful for supplemental applications of agricultural product. In addition, the locations that generated notifications may be further monitored by the operator and, based on the outcome of the application exceeding a predefined range, the operator may adjust the user-inputted lower and upper thresholds.

Referring now toFIG.6, in some examples, the computing system76may generate an application map144that includes a first layer146generally illustrating an overall spray quality index relative to an underlying field40. In some examples, the computing system76may indicate the various notification regions152,154, on the application map144based on a level of priority, which may correspond to the level of notification provided to the operator. For instance, the computing system76may generate a first notification region152on the application map144when a deviation from the predefined range for the spray quality index occurs is between the predefined range and a set percentage ±5%). In addition, the computing system76may generate a second notification region154when the deviation from the predefined range for the spray quality index is greater than the set percentage. Each notification region152,154corresponds to a position of the vehicle10on the real-time map, a current state of at least one component on the vehicle10, and/or a projected issue on a to be applied adjacent field swath. The position of the vehicle10is automatically updated using the positioning device94, while the notification regions152,154associated with a current state of one or more application variables are detected. Other special notification regions are also possible, such as a change in direction of the vehicle10and/or a vehicle error notification.

Referring toFIG.7, in some examples, the computing system76may further be configured to display a set of application variables on a common application map144. For instance, each of the set of weather application variables, such as temperature, wind speed, wind direction, relative humidity, barometric pressure, cloud cover, and trends thereof, can be graphically provided to the operator in a common map. It will be appreciated that any application variables may be combined into a graphical illustration without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

In some instances, a user may be provided with a notification region152,154illustrating a location on the spray quality index map (FIG.6) that deviates from a predefined upper and/or lower threshold. In response, a user may input an instruction to further define the cause or causes of the deviation. When the computing system76receives the instructions, the display122may illustrate which of the application variables within the spray quality index led to the deviation. For example, if a weather event occurs during operation, the set of application variables related to the weather may be provided as a geospatial map indicating areas of the field40in which the weather application variables deviated from a predefined range.

As described above in reference toFIG.6, the second layer146of the application map144illustrated inFIG.7, may indicate various notification regions152,154on the application map144in which one or more weather application variables deviated from a predefined range based on a level of priority, which may correspond to the level of notification provide to the operator. For instance, when a lower priority weather application variable deviates from the predefined range, the application map144may indicate a first notification region152of the field40in which a deviation from the predefined range for the set of weather application variables is between the predefined range and a set percentage (e.g., ±5%). In addition, the computing system76may generate a second notification region154when the deviation from the predefined range for the weather application variables is greater than the set percentage. In some instances, the first and/or second notification region152,154may also be generated by the computing system76to signify a level of concern to the user based on a higher priority weather application variable exceeding its predefined range. In some cases, various agricultural products may be efficiently applied to a field40when a wind speed is below a defined speed. In such instances, a third region may be indicated when the wind speed exceeds the defined speed. In addition, the vehicle notification system and/or the electronic device may also be provided with notifications. Additionally, or alternatively, the notification system and/or the electronic device may have the one or more layers of the application may presented thereon.

WhileFIG.7is described in reference to a set of weather application variables, the second layer146of the application map144may illustrate any set of application variables, such as the set vwof application variables provided by from the weather station96, the set vsof application variables detected by the sensors50, the set vpcsof application variables provided by the powertrain control system80, the set vstof application variables provided by the steering system82, and/or the set vnof application variables provided by any additional application variables that effect the spray quality index. Moreover, in some instances, a user may define or create a set of application variables for which they are interested in. Such a selection of application variables may be made through the HMI22and/or through the remote electronic device138.

Referring toFIG.8, in some examples, the computing system76may further be configured to display a third layer150, which may include an application map144of an individually detected application variable within the set of application variables illustrated in the second layer146and/or any other application variable. For instance, each of the weather application variables, such as temperature, wind speed, wind direction, relative humidity, barometric pressure, cloud cover, and trends thereof, can be graphically provided to the operator individually. It will be appreciated that any application variables may be combined into a graphical illustration without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

In some instances, a user may be provided with a notification region152,154illustrating a location on the first layer146of the application map144that deviates from a predefined range for the spray quality index. In response, a user may input an instruction to further define the cause or causes of the deviation. When the computing system76receives the instructions, the display122may present the second layer146of the application map144in which a set of the application variables that were used in the spray quality index calculation are illustrated. For example, if a weather event occurs during operation, the set of application variables related to the weather may be provided as a geospatial map indicating areas of the field40in which the weather application variables deviated from a predefined range. If further clarification is desired, the user may provide further instructions in which the layer146,148,150of the application map144presents information relating to an independent application variable within the set of application variables.

As described above in reference toFIG.6, the third layer150of the application map144illustrated inFIG.8, may indicate various notification regions152,154on the application map144in the independent weather application variable deviates from a predefined range based on a level of priority, which may correspond to the level of notification provide to the operator. For instance, the application map144may indicate a first notification region152of the field40in which a deviation from the predefined range for the set of weather application variables is between the predefined range and a set percentage (e.g., ±5%). In addition, the computing system76may generate a second notification region when the deviation from the predefined range for the weather application variables is greater than the set percentage. In some instances, the first and/or second notification region154may also be generated by the computing system76to signify a level of concern to the user based on a higher priority weather application variable exceeding its predefined range. For instance, in some cases, various agricultural products may be efficient applied to a field40when a wind speed is below a defined speed. In such instances, a third region may be indicated when the wind speed exceeds the defined speed. In addition, the vehicle notification system and/or the electronic device may also provide notifications. WhileFIGS.6-8is described in reference to a set of weather application variables, and application variable may be presented in any layer without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

Referring now toFIG.9, a flow diagram of some embodiments of a method200for monitoring a spray quality during an application operation is illustrated in accordance with aspects of the present subject matter. In general, the method200will be described herein with reference to the vehicle10, the boom assembly28, and the application system74described above with reference toFIGS.1-8. However, it should be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that the disclosed method200may generally be utilized to monitor one or more application variables of any suitable applicator associated with any suitable agricultural vehicle10and/or may be utilized in connection with a system having any other suitable system configuration. In addition, althoughFIG.9depicts steps performed in a particular order for purposes of illustration and discussion, the methods discussed herein are not limited to any particular order or arrangement. One skilled in the art, using the disclosures provided herein, will appreciate that various steps of the methods disclosed herein can be omitted, rearranged, combined, and/or adapted in various ways without deviating from the scope of the present disclosure.

As shown inFIG.6, at (202), the method200may include dispensing an agricultural product from one or more nozzles along a boom assembly28. The nozzle assemblies30dispense or otherwise spray a fan48of the agricultural product onto the underlying field40and/or plants42.

At (204), the method200may include receiving data indicative of a first set and a second set of application variables. In several embodiments, the first application variable can be any of the one or more application variables that may affect the spray quality index can include any application operation scaling factor that may have an effect on an overall spray quality during an application of agricultural product to the underlying field40. In addition, in some embodiments, the method may also include receiving, with one or more sensors50, data indicative of a first set and a second set of application variables further comprises receiving data indicative of the first application variable associated with an adjacent field swath as a vehicle10makes a pass along a current field swath.

For instance, the application variables can include at least one of a nozzle size and style, which agricultural product is being applied, an incorrect agricultural product application rate, inclement weather as determined by meeting one or more criteria, an agricultural product flow rate or pressure deviating from a predefined range, boom assembly movement (e.g., jounce) exceeding a movement range, a vehicle10exceeding a predefined speed, a vehicle acceleration/deceleration deviating from a predefined range, a turning radius exceeding predefined criteria, and/or any other application variable.

In several embodiments, the data is received from one or more sensors50and/or systems that may be positioned on the vehicle10, on the boom assembly28, or at any other location for monitoring a condition that effects the overall application operation of the agricultural product. As provided herein, the data is analyzed by a computing system76and each of the various forms of data is categorized into an application variable.

At step (206), the method200includes converting, with one or more computing systems76, the first and the second set of application variables to respective integers. For instance, each of the one or more application variables may be converted an integer between 0 and 100 (or any other range) that is indicative of an estimated spray quality based on the application variable with 0 being a highly likely misapplication and 100 being a highly likely proper application of agricultural product.

At step (208), the method200includes receiving location data associated with the boom assembly28. As provided herein, the positioning device94may provide to the computing system76with location data (e.g., in the form location coordinates).

At step (210), the method200includes correlating the location data to the first and the second set of application variables to generate an application map144associated with a field40. In some embodiments, the location coordinates derived from the positioning device94and the application variable data captured by the sensor(s)50a-fand/or the weather station96may both be time-stamped. In such embodiments, the time-stamped data may allow each individual set of data captured by the sensor(s)50a-fand/or the weather station96to be matched or correlated to a corresponding set of location coordinates received from the positioning device94, thereby allowing the location of the portion of the field40associated with a given set of application variable data to be known (or at least capable of calculation) by the computing system76.

At step (212), the method200includes presenting the application map144on a display122. In some embodiments, the application map144includes a first layer146configured to illustrate an overall spray quality index of the application operation relative to a location of the boom assembly28relative the field40and a second layer146configured to illustrate at least one of the first set or the second set of application variables relative to the location of the boom assembly28relative the field40. Further, in some instances, the application map144further comprises a third layer150configured to illustrate an individual application variable of the set of application variables provided in the second layer146of the application map144.

At step (214), the method200may include receiving data indicative of a second application variable and converting the second application variable to an integer. The method200may also include multiplying each of the integers by a scaling factor based on an individual effect of each of the one or more application variables on the spray quality index to determine a scaled integer at step (214). As provided herein, each application variable may have a greater or lesser effect than other application variables on the overall spray quality index. Thus, each application variable may have a defined scaling factor based on the end effect of the spray quality index. In some instances, each scaling factor may be predefined and stored in the memory device86of the computing system76. Additionally, or alternatively, the scaling factor may be updated through a closed-loop control system within the computing system76that provides updated scaling factors based on the monitored results of the application operation, the spray quality index, and possibly, input from an operator. In some instances, each scaled integer is presented on the display122through a geospatial map and/or provided on the display122in any other format.

At step (216), the method200may include multiplying each of the integers by a scaling factor based on an individual effect of each of the first and second set of application variables on the spray quality index.

At step (218), the method may include generating a notification region when one or the first or second set of variables deviates from a predefined range. Further, at step (220), the method may include generating a first notification region on the application map when a deviation from the predefined range for the spray quality index occurs is between the predefined range and a set percentage and generating a second notification region when the deviation from the predefined range for the spray quality index is greater than the set percentage.

Lastly, at step (222), the method200may include providing a table illustrating each application variable of the first or second set of application variables in relation to a predefined range.

It is to be understood that the steps of the method200are performed by the controller upon loading and executing software code or instructions which are tangibly stored on a tangible computer-readable medium, such as on a magnetic medium, e.g., a computer hard drive, an optical medium, e.g., an optical disc, solid-state memory, e.g., flash memory, or other storage media known in the art. Thus, any of the functionality performed by the controller described herein, such as the method200, is implemented in software code or instructions which are tangibly stored on a tangible computer-readable medium. The controller loads the software code or instructions via a direct interface with the computer-readable medium or via a wired and/or wireless network. Upon loading and executing such software code or instructions by the controller, the controller may perform any of the functionality of the controller described herein, including any steps of the method200described herein.

The term “software code” or “code” used herein refers to any instructions or set of instructions that influence the operation of a computer or controller. They may exist in a computer-executable form, such as machine code, which is the set of instructions and data directly executed by a computer's central processing unit or by a controller, a human-understandable form, such as source code, which may be compiled in order to be executed by a computer's central processing unit or by a controller, or an intermediate form, such as object code, which is produced by a compiler. As used herein, the term “software code” or “code” also includes any human-understandable computer instructions or set of instructions, e.g., a script, that may be executed on the fly with the aid of an interpreter executed by a computer's central processing unit or by a controller.

A variety of advantages may be derived from the use of the present disclosure. For example, use of the system and method provided herein can lead to advantages that include, but are not limited to cost, strength, durability, life cycle cost, marketability, appearance, packaging, size, serviceability, weight, manufacturability, ease of assembly, etc.

This written description uses examples to disclose the technology, including the best mode, and also to enable any person skilled in the art to practice the technology, including making and using any devices or systems and performing any incorporated methods. The patentable scope of the technology is defined by the claims, and may include other examples that occur to those skilled in the art. Such other examples are intended to be within the scope of the claims if they include structural elements that do not differ from the literal language of the claims, or if they include equivalent structural elements with insubstantial differences from the literal language of the claims.