Method of calibrating a measurement device, wherein : - the measurement device performs measurements according to at least one predefined operating procedure, during which at least one given value (Q R ) of a quantity to be measured by the device is provided by a corresponding reference or standard, and measured and indicated by the device, - the at least one indicated measurement indication (MI) and the corresponding at least one given value (Q R ) of the measured quantity are recorded, - a difference between each of the at least one indicated measurement indication (MI) and the corresponding given value (Q R ) is determined, - in case the at least one difference does not exceed a maximum permissible error (MPE) at least one predefined characteristic property (E) of at least one of the at least one measurement indication (MI) is quantitatively determined based on the recordings of the at least one indicated measurement indication (MI) and the corresponding at least one given value (Q R ) and compared to a corresponding threshold range (E R ), - wherein each threshold range (E R ) was previously determined based on a statistically representative distribution of the values of the respective characteristic property (E) determined based on measurement indications (MI) recorded during execution of a statistically representative number of performances of measurements according to the respective operating procedure with measurement devices of the same type as the device under calibration, and - a potentially impaired measurement property of the device under calibration is indicated if said at least one determined characteristic property (E) exceeds the respective threshold range (E R ). - the measurement device performs measurements according to at least one predefined operating procedure, during which at least one given value (Q R ) of a quantity to be measured by the device is provided by a corresponding reference or standard, and measured and indicated by the device, - the at least one indicated measurement indication (MI) and the corresponding at least one given value (Q R ) of the measured quantity are recorded, - a difference between each of the at least one indicated measurement indication (MI) and the corresponding given value (Q R ) is determined, - in case the at least one difference does not exceed a maximum permissible error (MPE) at least one predefined characteristic property (E) of at least one of the at least one measurement indication (MI) is quantitatively determined based on the recordings of the at least one indicated measurement indication (MI) and the corresponding at least one given value (Q R ) and compared to a corresponding threshold range (E R ), - wherein each threshold range (E R ) was previously determined based on a statistically representative distribution of the values of the respective characteristic property (E) determined based on measurement indications (MI) recorded during execution of a statistically representative number of performances of measurements according to the respective operating procedure with measurement devices of the same type as the device under calibration, and - a potentially impaired measurement property of the device under calibration is indicated if said at least one determined characteristic property (E) exceeds the respective threshold range (E R ). <EOS>