A traction battery maintenance method, characterized by comprising: acquiring (S102) a state of health of a traction battery; matching (S103) a maintenance strategy corresponding to the state of health based on a preset one-to-one correspondence between different states of health and different maintenance strategies; and generating (S104) a maintenance scheme for the traction battery based on the maintenance strategy, wherein the step of "acquiring a state of health of a traction battery" comprises: acquiring the state of health of the traction battery based on a change rate of a health degree of the traction battery; and the different states of health comprise: the state of the traction battery when the change rate of the health degree of the traction battery is greater than a preset change rate threshold, and the state of the traction battery when the change rate of the health degree of the traction battery is less than or equal to the preset change rate threshold and the health degree is a specific value, wherein the specific value comprises at least one value, characterized in that the maintenance strategy comprises performing cyclic charging and discharging on the traction battery multiple times, wherein a charging current, a discharging current, and the number of cycles of the cyclic charging and discharging performed multiple times depend on the state of health of the traction battery. acquiring (S102) a state of health of a traction battery; matching (S103) a maintenance strategy corresponding to the state of health based on a preset one-to-one correspondence between different states of health and different maintenance strategies; and generating (S104) a maintenance scheme for the traction battery based on the maintenance strategy, wherein the step of "acquiring a state of health of a traction battery" comprises: acquiring the state of health of the traction battery based on a change rate of a health degree of the traction battery; and the different states of health comprise: the state of the traction battery when the change rate of the health degree of the traction battery is greater than a preset change rate threshold, and the state of the traction battery when the change rate of the health degree of the traction battery is less than or equal to the preset change rate threshold and the health degree is a specific value, wherein the specific value comprises at least one value, characterized in that the maintenance strategy comprises performing cyclic charging and discharging on the traction battery multiple times, wherein a charging current, a discharging current, and the number of cycles of the cyclic charging and discharging performed multiple times depend on the state of health of the traction battery. acquiring the state of health of the traction battery based on a change rate of a health degree of the traction battery; and the different states of health comprise: the state of the traction battery when the change rate of the health degree of the traction battery is greater than a preset change rate threshold, and the state of the traction battery when the change rate of the health degree of the traction battery is less than or equal to the preset change rate threshold and the health degree is a specific value, wherein the specific value comprises at least one value, characterized in that the maintenance strategy comprises performing cyclic charging and discharging on the traction battery multiple times, wherein a charging current, a discharging current, and the number of cycles of the cyclic charging and discharging performed multiple times depend on the state of health of the traction battery. <EOS>