A method for evaluating renal status in a subject, comprising: performing a plurality of assays configured to detect a plurality of kidney injury markers, the plurality of kidney markers comprising Metalloproteinase inhibitor 2 and Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 7, and optionally further comprising Hyaluronic acid, Immunoglobulin A, Immunoglobulin G1, Immunoglobulin G2, Alpha-1 antitrypsin, Serum amyloid P component, Hepatocyte growth factor, Intercellular adhesion molecule 1, Beta-2-glycoprotein 1, Interleukin-1 beta, Neutrophil Elastase, Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 11B, Interleukin-11, Cathepsin D, C-C motif chemokine 24, C-X-C motif chemokine 6, C-C motif chemokine 13, C-X-C motif chemokines -1, -2, and -3, Matrilysin, Interleukin-2 receptor alpha chain, Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 3, and Macrophage colony-stimulating factor Ion a body fluid sample obtained from the subject to provide one or more assay results; and correlating the assay results to the renal status of the subject, wherein said assay results are combined using a function that converts said assay results into a single composite result, further wherein said correlation step comprises: (i) correlating the assay results to one or more of risk stratification, diagnosis, staging, prognosis, classifying and monitoring of acute renal failure (ARF) of the subject, or (ii) assigning a likelihood of one or more future changes in renal status to the subject based on the assay results, wherein said one or more future changes in renal status comprise future acute renal failure (ARF). performing a plurality of assays configured to detect a plurality of kidney injury markers, the plurality of kidney markers comprising Metalloproteinase inhibitor 2 and Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 7, and optionally further comprising Hyaluronic acid, Immunoglobulin A, Immunoglobulin G1, Immunoglobulin G2, Alpha-1 antitrypsin, Serum amyloid P component, Hepatocyte growth factor, Intercellular adhesion molecule 1, Beta-2-glycoprotein 1, Interleukin-1 beta, Neutrophil Elastase, Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 11B, Interleukin-11, Cathepsin D, C-C motif chemokine 24, C-X-C motif chemokine 6, C-C motif chemokine 13, C-X-C motif chemokines -1, -2, and -3, Matrilysin, Interleukin-2 receptor alpha chain, Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 3, and Macrophage colony-stimulating factor Ion a body fluid sample obtained from the subject to provide one or more assay results; and correlating the assay results to the renal status of the subject, wherein said assay results are combined using a function that converts said assay results into a single composite result, further wherein said correlation step comprises: (i) correlating the assay results to one or more of risk stratification, diagnosis, staging, prognosis, classifying and monitoring of acute renal failure (ARF) of the subject, or (ii) assigning a likelihood of one or more future changes in renal status to the subject based on the assay results, wherein said one or more future changes in renal status comprise future acute renal failure (ARF). (i) correlating the assay results to one or more of risk stratification, diagnosis, staging, prognosis, classifying and monitoring of acute renal failure (ARF) of the subject, or (ii) assigning a likelihood of one or more future changes in renal status to the subject based on the assay results, wherein said one or more future changes in renal status comprise future acute renal failure (ARF). <EOS>