mhurhangee/patent-ind-claim-en huggingface dataset:
A method of operating a gas turbine with staged and/or sequential combustion, in which the burners of a second stage or a second combustor are sequentially switched on during loading and switched off during de-loading, whereby the total fuel mass flow and the compressor inlet guide vanes are adjusted at the same time to allow controlling gas turbine operation temperatures and engine power with respect to the required CO emission target, characterized in that the process in transient state comprising the following steps to reach a target load: a) Load reduction by closing VIGV with increasing CO; b) Switching off individual burners, if CO limit is reached; c) Temporary increased local hot gas temperature, because total fuel flow is re-distributed to the burners remaining on; d) Reduction of hot gas temperature to the desired level by fuel flow reduction leading to a temporary load reduction; e) Opening VIGV to recover target load; f) Further load reduction according to steps a) through e) until the target load is reached. a) Load reduction by closing VIGV with increasing CO; b) Switching off individual burners, if CO limit is reached; c) Temporary increased local hot gas temperature, because total fuel flow is re-distributed to the burners remaining on; d) Reduction of hot gas temperature to the desired level by fuel flow reduction leading to a temporary load reduction; e) Opening VIGV to recover target load; f) Further load reduction according to steps a) through e) until the target load is reached.
A toner comprising: a first fluorescent coloring agent which has a fluorescence peak in a wavelength region of 400 nm or more and less than 500 nm; a second fluorescent coloring agent which has a fluorescence peak in a wavelength region of 500 nm or more and less than 600 nm; a third fluorescent coloring agent which has a fluorescence peak in a wavelength region of 600 nm or more and less than 650 nm; and a binder resin, characterized in that the following formula is satisfied: 0.05 ≤ a/ b + c ≤ 3.0 , wherein a represents the content (mass%) of the first fluorescent coloring agent with respect to 100 mass% of the total amount of the toner, b represents the content (mass%) of the second fluorescent coloring agent with respect to 100 mass% of the total amount of the toner, and c represents the content (mass%) of the third fluorescent coloring agent with respect to 100 mass% of the total amount of the toner. a first fluorescent coloring agent which has a fluorescence peak in a wavelength region of 400 nm or more and less than 500 nm; a second fluorescent coloring agent which has a fluorescence peak in a wavelength region of 500 nm or more and less than 600 nm; a third fluorescent coloring agent which has a fluorescence peak in a wavelength region of 600 nm or more and less than 650 nm; and a binder resin, characterized in that the following formula is satisfied: 0.05 ≤ a/ b + c ≤ 3.0 , wherein a represents the content (mass%) of the first fluorescent coloring agent with respect to 100 mass% of the total amount of the toner, b represents the content (mass%) of the second fluorescent coloring agent with respect to 100 mass% of the total amount of the toner, and c represents the content (mass%) of the third fluorescent coloring agent with respect to 100 mass% of the total amount of the toner.
A memory device comprising: at least one magnetic random access memory, hereinafter termed MRAM, cell including a sense layer ; a storage layer ; a spacer layer disposed between the sense layer and the storage layer; a bit line electrically coupled to the MRAM cell, and wherein the memory device is configured to, during the read operation apply a sense current through the bit line and through the MRAM cell to determine a resistance of the MRAM cell, and the resistance is indicative of a degree of alignment between the magnetization direction of the sense layer and the magnetization direction of the storage layer; wherein the memory device is configured to, during a write operation, switch a magnetization direction of the storage layer between m directions to store data corresponding to one of m logic states, with m > 2, and wherein the memory device is configured to, during a read operation, vary a magnetization direction of the sense layer, relative to the magnetization direction of the storage layer, to determine the data stored by the storage layer; characterized in that the memory device is configured to, during the read operation, vary the magnetization direction of the sense layer to determine a minimum of the resistance. at least one magnetic random access memory, hereinafter termed MRAM, cell including a sense layer ; a storage layer ; a spacer layer disposed between the sense layer and the storage layer; a bit line electrically coupled to the MRAM cell, and wherein the memory device is configured to, during the read operation apply a sense current through the bit line and through the MRAM cell to determine a resistance of the MRAM cell, and the resistance is indicative of a degree of alignment between the magnetization direction of the sense layer and the magnetization direction of the storage layer; a sense layer ; a storage layer ; a spacer layer disposed between the sense layer and the storage layer; a bit line electrically coupled to the MRAM cell, and wherein the memory device is configured to, during the read operation apply a sense current through the bit line and through the MRAM cell to determine a resistance of the MRAM cell, and the resistance is indicative of a degree of alignment between the magnetization direction of the sense layer and the magnetization direction of the storage layer; wherein the memory device is configured to, during a write operation, switch a magnetization direction of the storage layer between m directions to store data corresponding to one of m logic states, with m > 2, and wherein the memory device is configured to, during a read operation, vary a magnetization direction of the sense layer, relative to the magnetization direction of the storage layer, to determine the data stored by the storage layer; characterized in that the memory device is configured to, during the read operation, vary the magnetization direction of the sense layer to determine a minimum of the resistance.
A system for synchronizing time sources within a protection zone of a digital power substation comprising: a global time source having a first time signal and a first time quality; a processing communication network comprising a plurality of switches, each in communication with the global time source ; an electronic device configured to control an equipment within the protection zone, the electronic device comprising a protection zone master clock having a second time signal and a second time quality, the protection zone master clock in communication with the processing communication network and configured to receive data packets from the global time source ; and a process unit comprising a time source configured to receive and process data packets comprising the first time signal and first time quality and data packets comprising the second time signal and second time quality, characterised in that the time source of the process unit is configured to: synchronize with the protection zone master clock where the first time signal is unavailable; and synchronize with the protection zone master clock where the first time quality of the global time source is degraded below a predetermined threshold. a global time source having a first time signal and a first time quality; a processing communication network comprising a plurality of switches, each in communication with the global time source ; an electronic device configured to control an equipment within the protection zone, the electronic device comprising a protection zone master clock having a second time signal and a second time quality, the protection zone master clock in communication with the processing communication network and configured to receive data packets from the global time source ; and a process unit comprising a time source configured to receive and process data packets comprising the first time signal and first time quality and data packets comprising the second time signal and second time quality, characterised in that the time source of the process unit is configured to: synchronize with the protection zone master clock where the first time signal is unavailable; and synchronize with the protection zone master clock where the first time quality of the global time source is degraded below a predetermined threshold. synchronize with the protection zone master clock where the first time signal is unavailable; and synchronize with the protection zone master clock where the first time quality of the global time source is degraded below a predetermined threshold.
A geothermal insulation system for the insulation of an external surface of a building , comprising: - internal insulation panels , - first internal spacers attaching the internal insulation panels onto the external surface of a wall of the building in the mounted state such that an internal air chamber is left between the internal insulation panels and the external surface of the wall , - external insulation panels , - second spacers attaching the external insulation panels onto an external side of the internal insulation panels in the mounted state such that an external air chamber is left between the external insulation panels and the external side of the internal insulation panels and an upper region of the external air chamber is in air communication with an upper region of the internal air chamber , - a soil-air heat exchanger recessed into the soil, - a first air duct connecting the soil-air heat exchanger with the internal air chamber , - a second air duct connecting the soil-air heat exchanger with the external air chamber . - internal insulation panels , - first internal spacers attaching the internal insulation panels onto the external surface of a wall of the building in the mounted state such that an internal air chamber is left between the internal insulation panels and the external surface of the wall , - external insulation panels , - second spacers attaching the external insulation panels onto an external side of the internal insulation panels in the mounted state such that an external air chamber is left between the external insulation panels and the external side of the internal insulation panels and an upper region of the external air chamber is in air communication with an upper region of the internal air chamber , - a soil-air heat exchanger recessed into the soil, - a first air duct connecting the soil-air heat exchanger with the internal air chamber , - a second air duct connecting the soil-air heat exchanger with the external air chamber .
A process for the absorption of atmospheric carbon dioxide and the production of monocalcium phosphate monohydrate characterized in that said process comprises: - an ionic dissociation step by electrodialysis of a sodium sulphate solution which produces separately desalinated water, a solution of sodium hydroxide and a solution of sulphuric acid; - a step wherein atmospheric carbon dioxide is absorbed by contacting it with said sodium hydroxide solution, thus resulting in the formation of a sodium carbonate solution; - a step for the production of phosphogypsum and monocalcium phosphate monohydrate from a phosphate ore which comprises apatite; - a step for treating said sodium carbonate solution with said phosphogypsum thus producing an aqueous solution of sodium sulphate and calcium carbonate; wherein said sodium sulphate solution so produced is used for said ionic dissociation step and wherein said sulphuric acid solution produced in said ionic dissociation step is used in the production step of phopshogypsum and monocalcium phosphate monohydrate. - an ionic dissociation step by electrodialysis of a sodium sulphate solution which produces separately desalinated water, a solution of sodium hydroxide and a solution of sulphuric acid; - a step wherein atmospheric carbon dioxide is absorbed by contacting it with said sodium hydroxide solution, thus resulting in the formation of a sodium carbonate solution; - a step for the production of phosphogypsum and monocalcium phosphate monohydrate from a phosphate ore which comprises apatite; - a step for treating said sodium carbonate solution with said phosphogypsum thus producing an aqueous solution of sodium sulphate and calcium carbonate;
A compound of formula (III): or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate or stereoisomer thereof, wherein: X is CH 2 ; R 5 is hydrogen; R 6 is hydrogen or -(C 1 -C 6 )alkoxy; R 7 is -SO 2 R 8 , -CONR 9 R 10 , -(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl or -(C 1 -C 6 )alkoxy, said alkyl or alkoxy is substituted with one or more NR 9 R 10 ; R 8 is 6 to 10 membered heterocycle, optionally substituted with (C 1 -C 6 )alkyl or (C 6 -C 10 )aryl; R 9 is hydrogen, -COO-(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, -(C 0 -C 6 )alkyl-CHO, or (C 1 -C 6 )alkyl; and R 10 is 6 to 10 membered aryl, -(C 0 -C 6 )alkyl-(5 to 10 membered heterocycle), or (C 3 -C 6 )cycloalkyl; or R 9 and R 10 together may form an optionally substituted 5 to 6 membered ring containing one or more heteroatoms. X is CH 2 ; R 5 is hydrogen; R 6 is hydrogen or -(C 1 -C 6 )alkoxy; R 7 is -SO 2 R 8 , -CONR 9 R 10 , -(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl or -(C 1 -C 6 )alkoxy, said alkyl or alkoxy is substituted with one or more NR 9 R 10 ; R 8 is 6 to 10 membered heterocycle, optionally substituted with (C 1 -C 6 )alkyl or (C 6 -C 10 )aryl; R 9 is hydrogen, -COO-(C 1 -C 6 )alkyl, -(C 0 -C 6 )alkyl-CHO, or (C 1 -C 6 )alkyl; and R 10 is 6 to 10 membered aryl, -(C 0 -C 6 )alkyl-(5 to 10 membered heterocycle), or (C 3 -C 6 )cycloalkyl; or R 9 and R 10 together may form an optionally substituted 5 to 6 membered ring containing one or more heteroatoms.
A method for aligning a pair of calibrated lasers of a laser additive manufacturing system in an overlap region in which the pair of calibrated lasers selectively operate, the method comprising: first forming a first plurality of layers of a test structure in the overlap region of the pair of calibrated lasers solely using a first calibrated laser of the pair of calibrated lasers ; second forming a second plurality of layers of the test structure atop the first plurality of layers in the overlap region of the pair of calibrated lasers solely using a second calibrated laser of the pair of calibrated lasers , the first and second forming steps creating an outer surface of the test structure corresponding to the overlap region ; measuring a dimension of an offset step created between the first plurality of layers and the second plurality of layers in the outer surface of the test structure ; and aligning the pair of calibrated lasers by applying the dimension of the offset step as an alignment correction to at least one of the pair of calibrated lasers . first forming a first plurality of layers of a test structure in the overlap region of the pair of calibrated lasers solely using a first calibrated laser of the pair of calibrated lasers ; second forming a second plurality of layers of the test structure atop the first plurality of layers in the overlap region of the pair of calibrated lasers solely using a second calibrated laser of the pair of calibrated lasers , the first and second forming steps creating an outer surface of the test structure corresponding to the overlap region ; measuring a dimension of an offset step created between the first plurality of layers and the second plurality of layers in the outer surface of the test structure ; and aligning the pair of calibrated lasers by applying the dimension of the offset step as an alignment correction to at least one of the pair of calibrated lasers .
A hydrocarbon extraction system , comprising: a first tubular ; a second tubular configured to rest within a bore of the first tubular ; a multi-metal seal system configured to seal an annular space between an inner surface of the first tubular and an outer surface of the second tubular , wherein the multi-metal seal system comprises: a first metal seal portion with a first angled surface and a second angled surface ; a second metal seal portion with a third angled surface ; and a third metal seal portion with a fourth angled surface ; wherein the first angled surface selectively engages the third angled surface at a first angled interface and the second angled surface selectively engages the fourth angled surface at a second angled interface , and wherein the first and second angled interfaces are configured to drive the first metal seal portion radially outward against the inner surface of the first tubular , and to drive the second and third metal seal portions radially inward against the outer surface of the second tubular . a first tubular ; a second tubular configured to rest within a bore of the first tubular ; a multi-metal seal system configured to seal an annular space between an inner surface of the first tubular and an outer surface of the second tubular , wherein the multi-metal seal system comprises: a first metal seal portion with a first angled surface and a second angled surface ; a second metal seal portion with a third angled surface ; and a third metal seal portion with a fourth angled surface ; wherein the first angled surface selectively engages the third angled surface at a first angled interface and the second angled surface selectively engages the fourth angled surface at a second angled interface , and wherein the first and second angled interfaces are configured to drive the first metal seal portion radially outward against the inner surface of the first tubular , and to drive the second and third metal seal portions radially inward against the outer surface of the second tubular . a first metal seal portion with a first angled surface and a second angled surface ; a second metal seal portion with a third angled surface ; and a third metal seal portion with a fourth angled surface ; wherein the first angled surface selectively engages the third angled surface at a first angled interface and the second angled surface selectively engages the fourth angled surface at a second angled interface , and wherein the first and second angled interfaces are configured to drive the first metal seal portion radially outward against the inner surface of the first tubular , and to drive the second and third metal seal portions radially inward against the outer surface of the second tubular .
An apparatus for receiving data in a wireless communications system, the apparatus comprising: a receiving unit for receiving up to a predetermined number N of transmissions of a same data portion, coded in the respective predetermined number N of subframes; a feedback control unit for judging at least once after receiving an intermediate number of transmissions, wherein the intermediate number of transmissions is smaller than the predetermined number N, whether or not the data portion was decoded successfully and for generating a positive or a negative reception acknowledgement in accordance with the result of the judging, and for determining a number of transmissions Ne after which the decoding of the data portion was successful; also referred herein as bundle length, a feedback coding unit for generating a feedback information by jointly coding the reception acknowledgement and the bundle length information, using a spreading code determined in accordance with the bundle length from a plurality of spreading codes of the same length; wherein the bundle length information corresponds to the determined number Ne of transmissions or is a function of said determined number Ne of transmissions, and a transmitting unit configured to transmit the feedback information. a receiving unit for receiving up to a predetermined number N of transmissions of a same data portion, coded in the respective predetermined number N of subframes; a feedback control unit for judging at least once after receiving an intermediate number of transmissions, wherein the intermediate number of transmissions is smaller than the predetermined number N, whether or not the data portion was decoded successfully and for generating a positive or a negative reception acknowledgement in accordance with the result of the judging, and for determining a number of transmissions Ne after which the decoding of the data portion was successful; also referred herein as bundle length, a feedback coding unit for generating a feedback information by jointly coding the reception acknowledgement and the bundle length information, using a spreading code determined in accordance with the bundle length from a plurality of spreading codes of the same length; wherein the bundle length information corresponds to the determined number Ne of transmissions or is a function of said determined number Ne of transmissions, and a transmitting unit configured to transmit the feedback information.
A cartridge , comprising smokable material , for use with apparatus for heating the smokable material to volatilise at least one component of the smokable material , wherein the cartridge further comprises: a housing defining a chamber ; and a heating device located in the chamber , the heating device being arranged to heat the smokable material to volatilise at least one component of the smokable material , the heating device comprising a heating element and smokable material arranged on the heating element , wherein the heating element comprises an electrically-conductive material, wherein the smokable material is in a solid state or is a gel, characterized in that the smokable material is bonded to the heating element. a housing defining a chamber ; and a heating device located in the chamber , the heating device being arranged to heat the smokable material to volatilise at least one component of the smokable material , the heating device comprising a heating element and smokable material arranged on the heating element , wherein the heating element comprises an electrically-conductive material, wherein the smokable material is in a solid state or is a gel,