A computer-implemented method of assessing dislocation density of an additive material comprising titanium alloy, the method comprising: calibrating , by a number of processors, a baseline electrical resistivity of a multi-phase additive material for a set dislocation density as a function of phase fraction and phase composition, said calibrating comprising determining the phase fraction and the phase composition in the additive material, and establish the baseline electrical resistivity value as a function of phase fraction and phase composition and the measured electrical resistivity of the additive material, wherein individual phases of the material have different electrical resistivity values which are also sensitive to chemistry, wherein the phase fraction describes the relative amount of different phases present in the additive material and the phase composition describes the individual chemical composition of each phase; performing additive manufacturing thermal cycles during which the additive material undergoes a number of rapid heating and cooling cycles; after the step of additive manufacturing , characterizing , by a number of processors, the additive material for phase fraction, phase composition, and electrical resistivity, said phase fraction being determined using a micrograph or X-ray diffraction , said phase composition being determined using spectroscopy , said electrical resistivity being measured with an ohmmeter ; and determining , by a number of processors, dislocation density of the additive material according to electrical resistivity after additive manufacturing, accounting for effects of phase fraction and phase composition determined by characterization, the contribution from dislocation density being ascertained by comparing the baseline electrical resistivity to the electrical resistivity after the additive material thermal cycling. calibrating , by a number of processors, a baseline electrical resistivity of a multi-phase additive material for a set dislocation density as a function of phase fraction and phase composition, said calibrating comprising determining the phase fraction and the phase composition in the additive material, and establish the baseline electrical resistivity value as a function of phase fraction and phase composition and the measured electrical resistivity of the additive material, wherein individual phases of the material have different electrical resistivity values which are also sensitive to chemistry, wherein the phase fraction describes the relative amount of different phases present in the additive material and the phase composition describes the individual chemical composition of each phase; performing additive manufacturing thermal cycles during which the additive material undergoes a number of rapid heating and cooling cycles; after the step of additive manufacturing , characterizing , by a number of processors, the additive material for phase fraction, phase composition, and electrical resistivity, said phase fraction being determined using a micrograph or X-ray diffraction , said phase composition being determined using spectroscopy , said electrical resistivity being measured with an ohmmeter ; and determining , by a number of processors, dislocation density of the additive material according to electrical resistivity after additive manufacturing, accounting for effects of phase fraction and phase composition determined by characterization, the contribution from dislocation density being ascertained by comparing the baseline electrical resistivity to the electrical resistivity after the additive material thermal cycling. <EOS>