A method for compensating for image quality of an optical system by means of a lens adjustment, applicable to a camera module comprising an adjustable lens or an adjustable lens set, the method comprising the following steps: (A) determining, based on imaging information of a to-be-adjusted optical system, parameters that need to be adjusted for compensating for the image quality; (B) establishing functions of relation between the parameters that need to be adjusted for compensating for the image quality and to-be-adjusted lens factors; and (C) determining an adjustment mode and an adjustment amount for the to-be-adjusted lens based on the relation between the parameters that need to be adjusted for compensating for the image quality and the to-be-adjusted lens factors, whereby the step (A) comprises the following steps: (A1) collecting the imaging information from a preset chart by using the to-be-adjusted optical system; (A2) calculating parameters representing the image quality based on the collected imaging information; and (A3) comparing the parameters representing the image quality with preset resolution requirements, and determining that the parameters that need to be adjusted in the to-be-adjusted optical system is one or more of an image plane inclination, field curvature, or a peak, wherein the step (B) comprises the following steps: (B1) establishing a function of relation between an image plane inclination and the to-be-adjusted lens factors; (B2) establishing a function of relation between field curvature and the to-be-adjusted lens factors; (B3) establishing a function of relation between a peak and the to-be-adjusted lens factors; and (B4) establishing a function of relation between the image quality and the to-be-adjusted lens factors on the basis of the functions established in steps (Bl),(B2) and (B3), characterized in that the functions of relation between the image plane inclination, the field curvature, the peak, and the to-be-adjusted lens factors are respectively: T d t = f d x y , t x y , d x y = d k * cos θ , k * sin θ ; C h g = f h z , g z , r z ; and P d h r t = f ( d x y , h z , r z , t x y ; wherein T represents the image plane inclination, C represents the field curvature, P represents the peak, d represents lens eccentricity, t represents a lens inclination, h represents a lens thickness, g represents lens spacing, r represents lens surface precision, x and y are direction coordinates decomposed in an image plane perpendicular to an optical axis, z is a direction coordinate along the optical axis, θ is an angular coordinate in a two-dimensional plane defined by x and y, and k is an absolute value of eccentricity. (A) determining, based on imaging information of a to-be-adjusted optical system, parameters that need to be adjusted for compensating for the image quality; (B) establishing functions of relation between the parameters that need to be adjusted for compensating for the image quality and to-be-adjusted lens factors; and (C) determining an adjustment mode and an adjustment amount for the to-be-adjusted lens based on the relation between the parameters that need to be adjusted for compensating for the image quality and the to-be-adjusted lens factors, <EOS>