A video game system comprising: a video game console ; a plurality of thermal beacons ; and a user device communicatively coupled with the video game console, the user device comprising: a thermopile array ; a processor; and a memory storing instructions that, upon execution by the processor, cause the processor to: receive thermal data from the thermopile array, the thermal data corresponding to a thermal signal emitted from each of one or more thermal beacons of the plurality of thermal beacons and detected by the thermopile array; determine a confidence value corresponding to the thermal data, the confidence value based on a number of thermal beacons of the plurality of thermal beacons in a field of view of the thermopile array; determine, based on the thermal data and the confidence value, a location of the user device in a three-dimensional, 3D, space; and transmit the location of the user device to the video game console. a video game console ; a plurality of thermal beacons ; and a user device communicatively coupled with the video game console, the user device comprising: a thermopile array ; a processor; and a memory storing instructions that, upon execution by the processor, cause the processor to: receive thermal data from the thermopile array, the thermal data corresponding to a thermal signal emitted from each of one or more thermal beacons of the plurality of thermal beacons and detected by the thermopile array; determine a confidence value corresponding to the thermal data, the confidence value based on a number of thermal beacons of the plurality of thermal beacons in a field of view of the thermopile array; determine, based on the thermal data and the confidence value, a location of the user device in a three-dimensional, 3D, space; and transmit the location of the user device to the video game console. a thermopile array ; a processor; and a memory storing instructions that, upon execution by the processor, cause the processor to: receive thermal data from the thermopile array, the thermal data corresponding to a thermal signal emitted from each of one or more thermal beacons of the plurality of thermal beacons and detected by the thermopile array; determine a confidence value corresponding to the thermal data, the confidence value based on a number of thermal beacons of the plurality of thermal beacons in a field of view of the thermopile array; determine, based on the thermal data and the confidence value, a location of the user device in a three-dimensional, 3D, space; and transmit the location of the user device to the video game console. receive thermal data from the thermopile array, the thermal data corresponding to a thermal signal emitted from each of one or more thermal beacons of the plurality of thermal beacons and detected by the thermopile array; determine a confidence value corresponding to the thermal data, the confidence value based on a number of thermal beacons of the plurality of thermal beacons in a field of view of the thermopile array; determine, based on the thermal data and the confidence value, a location of the user device in a three-dimensional, 3D, space; and transmit the location of the user device to the video game console. <EOS>