An apparatus, comprising: a shaft , a tool member , and a flexure , the shaft comprising a distal end portion, a proximal end portion, and a longitudinal axis defined between the distal and proximal end portions, and the distal end portion of the shaft comprising a ground portion ; the tool member comprising an engagement portion and an actuation portion , the engagement portion of the tool member being distal of the actuation portion of the tool member along the longitudinal axis of the shaft , the engagement portion of the tool member being configured to exert an engagement force on a target structure, the actuation portion of the tool member being configured to receive an actuation force, the actuation portion of the tool member comprising a proximal-most surface, and the tool member being coupled to the shaft such that the ground portion of the shaft is between the engagement portion of the tool member and the proximal-most surface of the actuation portion of the tool member ; and the flexure comprising a first end portion and a second end portion, the first end portion of the flexure being coupled to the ground portion of the shaft , the second end portion of the flexure being coupled to the tool member , and the flexure being configured to deform elastically when the actuation force is exerted on the actuation portion of the tool member such that the tool member rotates relative to the shaft . a shaft , a tool member , and a flexure , the shaft comprising a distal end portion, a proximal end portion, and a longitudinal axis defined between the distal and proximal end portions, and the distal end portion of the shaft comprising a ground portion ; the tool member comprising an engagement portion and an actuation portion , the engagement portion of the tool member being distal of the actuation portion of the tool member along the longitudinal axis of the shaft , the engagement portion of the tool member being configured to exert an engagement force on a target structure, the actuation portion of the tool member being configured to receive an actuation force, the actuation portion of the tool member comprising a proximal-most surface, and the tool member being coupled to the shaft such that the ground portion of the shaft is between the engagement portion of the tool member and the proximal-most surface of the actuation portion of the tool member ; and the engagement portion of the tool member being distal of the actuation portion of the tool member along the longitudinal axis of the shaft , the engagement portion of the tool member being configured to exert an engagement force on a target structure, the actuation portion of the tool member being configured to receive an actuation force, the actuation portion of the tool member comprising a proximal-most surface, and the tool member being coupled to the shaft such that the ground portion of the shaft is between the engagement portion of the tool member and the proximal-most surface of the actuation portion of the tool member ; and the flexure comprising a first end portion and a second end portion, the first end portion of the flexure being coupled to the ground portion of the shaft , the second end portion of the flexure being coupled to the tool member , and the flexure being configured to deform elastically when the actuation force is exerted on the actuation portion of the tool member such that the tool member rotates relative to the shaft . the first end portion of the flexure being coupled to the ground portion of the shaft , the second end portion of the flexure being coupled to the tool member , and the flexure being configured to deform elastically when the actuation force is exerted on the actuation portion of the tool member such that the tool member rotates relative to the shaft . <EOS>