Multilayer scintillation detector , comprising at least three layers superposed on top of one another, and each extending parallel to a plane (P), called detection plane, the detector being such that: - each layer comprises a first material, called scintillation material, that can interact with an ionizing radiation and form, following the interaction, a scintillation light; - each layer comprises a plurality of light guides (21 g , 22 g , 23 g , 24 g , 25 g , 26 g ), respectively extending parallel to the detection plane, according to a length, the light guides comprising the scintillation material and being disposed, over all or part of their length, parallel to an axis of orientation (Δ 1 , Δ 2 , Δ 3 , Δ 4 , Δ 5 , Δ 6 ); - the axis of orientation of the light guides of one and the same layer is oriented, in the detection plane, according to an orientation (θ 1 , θ 2 , θ 3 , θ 4 , θ 5 , θ 6 ), such that each layer has an associated orientation, the orientations of the respective axes of orientation of at least three layers being different from one another; - the scintillation material has a first refractive index (n 1 ); the detector being characterized in that each layer is formed by a plate, comprising the scintillation material, extending parallel to the detection plane, and such that: - the plate comprises channels (21 c , 22 c , 23 c , 24 c , 25 c , 26 c ), formed in the plate, and extending parallel to the detection plane, according to the orientation associated with the layer; - each channel is filled by a second material, of a second refractive index (n 2 ), lower than the first refractive index; - such that, between two adjacent channels, there extends a light guide (21 g , 22 g , 23 g , 24 g , 25 g , 26 g ), formed by the scintillation material, and capable of generating a scintillation light under the effect of an irradiation by the ionizing radiation, and of propagating the scintillation light according to the axis of orientation of the layer. - each layer comprises a first material, called scintillation material, that can interact with an ionizing radiation and form, following the interaction, a scintillation light; - each layer comprises a plurality of light guides (21 g , 22 g , 23 g , 24 g , 25 g , 26 g ), respectively extending parallel to the detection plane, according to a length, the light guides comprising the scintillation material and being disposed, over all or part of their length, parallel to an axis of orientation (Δ 1 , Δ 2 , Δ 3 , Δ 4 , Δ 5 , Δ 6 ); - the axis of orientation of the light guides of one and the same layer is oriented, in the detection plane, according to an orientation (θ 1 , θ 2 , θ 3 , θ 4 , θ 5 , θ 6 ), such that each layer has an associated orientation, the orientations of the respective axes of orientation of at least three layers being different from one another; - the scintillation material has a first refractive index (n 1 ); - the plate comprises channels (21 c , 22 c , 23 c , 24 c , 25 c , 26 c ), formed in the plate, and extending parallel to the detection plane, according to the orientation associated with the layer; - each channel is filled by a second material, of a second refractive index (n 2 ), lower than the first refractive index; - such that, between two adjacent channels, there extends a light guide (21 g , 22 g , 23 g , 24 g , 25 g , 26 g ), formed by the scintillation material, and capable of generating a scintillation light under the effect of an irradiation by the ionizing radiation, and of propagating the scintillation light according to the axis of orientation of the layer. <EOS>