A vane airfoil comprising: an airfoil section including an outer wall that defines an internal cavity , the airfoil section including a third zone, the third zone being defined in a third radial extent of the vane airfoil ; and an insert (212; 312; 412) situated in the internal cavity , the insert including a first zone (Z2) defined in a radial extent of the insert, the first zone including a first plurality of cooling holes , and a second zone (Z1) defined in a radial extent of the insert, the second zone including a second plurality of cooling holes , wherein the first plurality of cooling holes provide a first cooling density and the second plurality of cooling holes provide a second cooling density, and wherein the first cooling density is different from the second cooling density and the first plurality of cooling holes and the second plurality of cooling holes are configured to jet air towards the outer wall of the airfoil section , the insert (212; 312; 412) including a third zone (Z3) defined in a radial extent that is aligned with the third zone of the airfoil section , wherein the third zone of the insert includes a third plurality of cooling holes that provide a third cooling density, the third cooling density being different from at least one of the first and second cooling densities, characterised by : the first cooling density being higher than the second cooling density and the third cooling density; the first zone (Z2) being between the second (Z1) and third zones (Z3) along the radial extent. an airfoil section including an outer wall that defines an internal cavity , the airfoil section including a third zone, the third zone being defined in a third radial extent of the vane airfoil ; and an insert (212; 312; 412) situated in the internal cavity , the insert including a first zone (Z2) defined in a radial extent of the insert, the first zone including a first plurality of cooling holes , and a second zone (Z1) defined in a radial extent of the insert, the second zone including a second plurality of cooling holes , wherein the first plurality of cooling holes provide a first cooling density and the second plurality of cooling holes provide a second cooling density, and wherein the first cooling density is different from the second cooling density and the first plurality of cooling holes and the second plurality of cooling holes are configured to jet air towards the outer wall of the airfoil section , the insert (212; 312; 412) including a third zone (Z3) defined in a radial extent that is aligned with the third zone of the airfoil section , wherein the third zone of the insert includes a third plurality of cooling holes that provide a third cooling density, the third cooling density being different from at least one of the first and second cooling densities, characterised by : the first cooling density being higher than the second cooling density and the third cooling density; the first zone (Z2) being between the second (Z1) and third zones (Z3) along the radial extent. the first cooling density being higher than the second cooling density and the third cooling density; the first zone (Z2) being between the second (Z1) and third zones (Z3) along the radial extent. <EOS>