A computer-implemented method for generating an image of a subsurface of a geographical area using seismic data, the method comprising generating the image by compensating the seismic data for source signature effects using a model which assumes that a source used to generate seismic waves associated with the seismic data is a moving, non-impulsive, vibroseis or de-synchronized, non-synchronized source, said method further comprising: receiving the seismic data recorded with at least one receiver, wherein the seismic data includes recordings of an Earth response to seismic waves generated by the moving, non-impulsive, vibroseis or de-synchronized, non-synchronized source; receiving source data of the seismic waves generated by the moving, non-impulsive source; receiving position data, the position data indicating the position(s) of the source while generating the seismic waves; determining a transform operator using the source data, the position data, and a selected domain-transform operator; determining the model by mathematically optimizing a relationship between the transform and the seismic data; and compensating for the source signature effects in the seismic data using the source data, the position data and the model; wherein the compensating step further includes: receiving emulated-source data representing an output of an emulated seismic source; determining a second transform operator using the emulated-source data and the domain-transform operator; and applying the determined second transform operator to the determined seismic model to provide output seismic data corresponding to the received emulated-source data. receiving the seismic data recorded with at least one receiver, wherein the seismic data includes recordings of an Earth response to seismic waves generated by the moving, non-impulsive, vibroseis or de-synchronized, non-synchronized source; receiving source data of the seismic waves generated by the moving, non-impulsive source; receiving position data, the position data indicating the position(s) of the source while generating the seismic waves; determining a transform operator using the source data, the position data, and a selected domain-transform operator; determining the model by mathematically optimizing a relationship between the transform and the seismic data; and compensating for the source signature effects in the seismic data using the source data, the position data and the model; wherein the compensating step further includes: receiving emulated-source data representing an output of an emulated seismic source; determining a second transform operator using the emulated-source data and the domain-transform operator; and applying the determined second transform operator to the determined seismic model to provide output seismic data corresponding to the received emulated-source data. receiving emulated-source data representing an output of an emulated seismic source; determining a second transform operator using the emulated-source data and the domain-transform operator; and applying the determined second transform operator to the determined seismic model to provide output seismic data corresponding to the received emulated-source data. <EOS>