A moisture removal and condensation and humidity management apparatus for a breathing circuit arranged between a patient and a ventilator, comprising: a breathing circuit tubing defining a breathing gas conduit between the patient and the ventilator for a flow (B) of breathing gas therein, said breathing gas having a first humidity level and a level of moisture or condensate therein, characterized in that : a dry gas conduit is disposed adjacent at least a portion of the breathing gas conduit between the patient and the ventilator, to provide a dry gas flow (D) in said dry gas conduit, said dry gas flow (D) configured to have a second humidity level lower than the first humidity level, wherein the breathing circuit tubing forming the breathing gas conduit between the patient and the ventilator comprises a permeable portion which is permeable to water vapor but impermeable to liquid water, such that a moisture transmission pathway (T) is provided by the permeable portion of the breathing circuit tubing between the breathing gas conduit and the dry gas conduit , such that humidity in the flow of breathing gas (B) is lowered and moisture in the flow of breathing gas (B) is transferred to the dry gas flow (D), wherein the dry gas flow (D) is coupled from a dry gas source to one or more inputs ports which feed the dry gas flow (D) into the dry gas conduit, wherein the dry gas flow exits via an exit port to the ambient environments surrounding the apparatus, and wherein the breathing circuit tubing comprising said permeable portion and said dry gas conduit is an expiratory limb of said breathing circuit disposed between the patient and the ventilator, and wherein said expiratory limb comprising said permeable portion of the breathing circuit tubing is downstream of the patient and upstream of the ventilator. a dry gas conduit is disposed adjacent at least a portion of the breathing gas conduit between the patient and the ventilator, to provide a dry gas flow (D) in said dry gas conduit, said dry gas flow (D) configured to have a second humidity level lower than the first humidity level, wherein the breathing circuit tubing forming the breathing gas conduit between the patient and the ventilator comprises a permeable portion which is permeable to water vapor but impermeable to liquid water, such that a moisture transmission pathway (T) is provided by the permeable portion of the breathing circuit tubing between the breathing gas conduit and the dry gas conduit , such that humidity in the flow of breathing gas (B) is lowered and moisture in the flow of breathing gas (B) is transferred to the dry gas flow (D), wherein the dry gas flow (D) is coupled from a dry gas source to one or more inputs ports which feed the dry gas flow (D) into the dry gas conduit, wherein the dry gas flow exits via an exit port to the ambient environments surrounding the apparatus, and wherein the breathing circuit tubing comprising said permeable portion and said dry gas conduit is an expiratory limb of said breathing circuit disposed between the patient and the ventilator, and wherein said expiratory limb comprising said permeable portion of the breathing circuit tubing is downstream of the patient and upstream of the ventilator. <EOS>