A method of repairing and reinforcing a concrete structure using a textile grid reinforcement and a highly durable inorganic binder, the method comprising: a) forming a textile grid reinforcement coated with a coating material to improve adhesiveness with an old concrete structure ; b) mixing and making a highly durable inorganic binder according to a use environment of the old concrete structure and repair and reinforcement purposes; c) pouring shotcrete formed of the highly durable inorganic binder on a surface of the old concrete structure to form a primary mortar layer ; d) placing the textile grid reinforcement at an upper portion of the primary mortar layer ; e) fixing the textile grid reinforcement to the old concrete structure using a grid fixing unit ; f) pouring shotcrete formed of the highly durable inorganic binder on the textile grid reinforcement to form a secondary mortar layer ; and g) hardening the secondary mortar layer to complete repairing and reinforcing of the old concrete structure , wherein the highly durable inorganic binder of the operation b) is a chloride penetration resistant inorganic binder having chloride penetration resistance performance or a chemical resistant inorganic binder having chemical resistance performance, wherein before the operation e), the textile grid reinforcement is pulled from both sides thereof to introduce a tensile force such that the textile grid reinforcement is horizontally maintained; and in the operation e), the grid fixing unit is driven into the old concrete structure by an explosive or pneumatic tacker such that the textile grid reinforcement is firmly fixed to the old concrete structure . a) forming a textile grid reinforcement coated with a coating material to improve adhesiveness with an old concrete structure ; b) mixing and making a highly durable inorganic binder according to a use environment of the old concrete structure and repair and reinforcement purposes; c) pouring shotcrete formed of the highly durable inorganic binder on a surface of the old concrete structure to form a primary mortar layer ; d) placing the textile grid reinforcement at an upper portion of the primary mortar layer ; e) fixing the textile grid reinforcement to the old concrete structure using a grid fixing unit ; f) pouring shotcrete formed of the highly durable inorganic binder on the textile grid reinforcement to form a secondary mortar layer ; and g) hardening the secondary mortar layer to complete repairing and reinforcing of the old concrete structure , wherein the highly durable inorganic binder of the operation b) is a chloride penetration resistant inorganic binder having chloride penetration resistance performance or a chemical resistant inorganic binder having chemical resistance performance, wherein before the operation e), the textile grid reinforcement is pulled from both sides thereof to introduce a tensile force such that the textile grid reinforcement is horizontally maintained; and in the operation e), the grid fixing unit is driven into the old concrete structure by an explosive or pneumatic tacker such that the textile grid reinforcement is firmly fixed to the old concrete structure . <EOS>