Decoder for block-based decoding of picture data using a deblocking or deringing filter , configured to reconstruct, in a blockwise manner, a picture from a data stream using prediction and using a prediction residual coded in the data stream to obtain a reconstructed version of the picture , wherein the step of reconstructing the picture in a blockwise manner is done by partitioning the picture into blocks (181, 182, 183, 184; 181a-181g; 182a-182d) and performing the reconstruction of the picture using the blocks (181, 182, 183, 184; 181a-181g; 182a-182d), wherein the partitioning of the picture into blocks (181, 182, 183, 184; 181a-181g; 182a-182d) is performed by subjecting each of a plurality of tree root blocks into which the picture is pre-partitioned to recursive multi-tree sub-divisioning so that the blocks form leaf blocks (181a-181g; 182a-182d) of the plurality of tree-root blocks , and apply the deblocking or deringing filter to the reconstructed version of the picture , and locally vary a strength of the deblocking or deringing filter depending on a first measure ( A ) locally measuring for each tree root block a mean block size, and a second measure ( B ) locally measuring for each tree root block a number of prediction residuals that are not fully quantized to zero, wherein the decoder is further configured to determine the first measure ( A ) by determining, for each tree root block , the number of leaf blocks (181a-181g; 182a-182d) into which the respective tree root block is split. reconstruct, in a blockwise manner, a picture from a data stream using prediction and using a prediction residual coded in the data stream to obtain a reconstructed version of the picture , wherein the step of reconstructing the picture in a blockwise manner is done by partitioning the picture into blocks (181, 182, 183, 184; 181a-181g; 182a-182d) and performing the reconstruction of the picture using the blocks (181, 182, 183, 184; 181a-181g; 182a-182d), wherein the partitioning of the picture into blocks (181, 182, 183, 184; 181a-181g; 182a-182d) is performed by subjecting each of a plurality of tree root blocks into which the picture is pre-partitioned to recursive multi-tree sub-divisioning so that the blocks form leaf blocks (181a-181g; 182a-182d) of the plurality of tree-root blocks , and wherein the step of reconstructing the picture in a blockwise manner is done by partitioning the picture into blocks (181, 182, 183, 184; 181a-181g; 182a-182d) and performing the reconstruction of the picture using the blocks (181, 182, 183, 184; 181a-181g; 182a-182d), wherein the partitioning of the picture into blocks (181, 182, 183, 184; 181a-181g; 182a-182d) is performed by subjecting each of a plurality of tree root blocks into which the picture is pre-partitioned to recursive multi-tree sub-divisioning so that the blocks form leaf blocks (181a-181g; 182a-182d) of the plurality of tree-root blocks , and apply the deblocking or deringing filter to the reconstructed version of the picture , and locally vary a strength of the deblocking or deringing filter depending on a first measure ( A ) locally measuring for each tree root block a mean block size, and a second measure ( B ) locally measuring for each tree root block a number of prediction residuals that are not fully quantized to zero, a first measure ( A ) locally measuring for each tree root block a mean block size, and a second measure ( B ) locally measuring for each tree root block a number of prediction residuals that are not fully quantized to zero, wherein the decoder is further configured to determine the first measure ( A ) by determining, for each tree root block , the number of leaf blocks (181a-181g; 182a-182d) into which the respective tree root block is split. <EOS>