A system comprising: stimulation generation circuitry configured to: deliver electrical stimulation therapy to a patient, wherein the electrical stimulation therapy comprises a plurality of informed pulses at a predetermined pulse frequency over a period of time, and wherein the plurality of informed pulses are at least partially defined by a first set of parameter values, and deliver a plurality of control pulses over the period of time, wherein the plurality of control pulses is interleaved with at least some informed pulses of the plurality of informed pulses, and wherein the plurality of control pulses are at least partially defined by a second set of parameter values different than the first set of parameter values; and one or more processors configured to: receive a sensed respective evoked compound action potential (ECAP) after each control pulse of the plurality of control pulses and prior to a subsequent informed pulse of the plurality of informed pulses, adjust, based on at least one respective ECAP, one or more parameter values of the first set of parameter values that at least partially define the plurality of informed pulses of the electrical stimulation therapy, and deliver, via the stimulation generation circuitry, the electrical stimulation therapy to the patient according to the adjusted one or more parameter values of the first set of parameter values, characterized in that the plurality of control pulses comprise a plurality of non-therapeutic pulses not contributing to the electrical stimulation therapy for the patient. deliver electrical stimulation therapy to a patient, wherein the electrical stimulation therapy comprises a plurality of informed pulses at a predetermined pulse frequency over a period of time, and wherein the plurality of informed pulses are at least partially defined by a first set of parameter values, and deliver a plurality of control pulses over the period of time, wherein the plurality of control pulses is interleaved with at least some informed pulses of the plurality of informed pulses, and wherein the plurality of control pulses are at least partially defined by a second set of parameter values different than the first set of parameter values; and one or more processors configured to: receive a sensed respective evoked compound action potential (ECAP) after each control pulse of the plurality of control pulses and prior to a subsequent informed pulse of the plurality of informed pulses, adjust, based on at least one respective ECAP, one or more parameter values of the first set of parameter values that at least partially define the plurality of informed pulses of the electrical stimulation therapy, and deliver, via the stimulation generation circuitry, the electrical stimulation therapy to the patient according to the adjusted one or more parameter values of the first set of parameter values, characterized in that the plurality of control pulses comprise a plurality of non-therapeutic pulses not contributing to the electrical stimulation therapy for the patient. receive a sensed respective evoked compound action potential (ECAP) after each control pulse of the plurality of control pulses and prior to a subsequent informed pulse of the plurality of informed pulses, adjust, based on at least one respective ECAP, one or more parameter values of the first set of parameter values that at least partially define the plurality of informed pulses of the electrical stimulation therapy, and deliver, via the stimulation generation circuitry, the electrical stimulation therapy to the patient according to the adjusted one or more parameter values of the first set of parameter values, characterized in that the plurality of control pulses comprise a plurality of non-therapeutic pulses not contributing to the electrical stimulation therapy for the patient. <EOS>