mhurhangee/patent-ind-claim-en huggingface dataset:
A method of forming an end product from a source material including cellulose fibres, said method includes the steps of; pre-processing the cellulose fibres to form a material mixture including said cellulose fibres, and one or more agents including any, or any combination, of a liquid, a softener agent, preservative agent, calcium oxide and/or sodium hydroxide, added to the cellulose fibres to form said material mixture; processing the said material mixture by passing the same along extrusion apparatus including at least two screw extruders which are provided to rotate along respective shafts which are parallel and forming the processed material mixture which leaves the extrusion apparatus into an end product of a form capable of being used for a predefined function, said at least two screw extruders include fibre manipulation elements with contact surfaces to contact the said material mixture as it passes along the extrusion apparatus longitudinal axis and said contact surfaces act to reshape, tear and/or defibrillate the fibres of the material mixture and characterised by providing the said contact surfaces on said elements located along the longitudinal axes of the said at least two screw extruders and changing the contact surface pattern along the length of the at least two screw extruders so as to form different zones in which differing functions are performed on the fibres of the material mixture as it passes along the extrusion apparatus.
An image processing apparatus comprising: an acquisition unit that acquires a scene model for an area in video frames of an input video, wherein the scene model includes visual element models for the area , wherein the visual element models represent at least appearance features of visual elements in previous video frames of the input video; a determination unit that determines (S330), based on similarities of appearance features of the visual elements in the visual element models to appearance features of a visual element of the current video frame for the area, whether the visual element models for the area are to be corrected or not; and characterized by : a correction unit that corrects one of the visual element models using a reference visual element model if it is determined that a similarity of the one of the visual element models to the visual element of the current video frame is less than a threshold (H1), wherein the reference visual element model is a visual element model for another area , that is determined not to be corrected, and wherein a similarity among appearance features of the reference visual element model and the visual element model to be corrected satisfies a predetermined condition. an acquisition unit that acquires a scene model for an area in video frames of an input video, wherein the scene model includes visual element models for the area , wherein the visual element models represent at least appearance features of visual elements in previous video frames of the input video; a determination unit that determines (S330), based on similarities of appearance features of the visual elements in the visual element models to appearance features of a visual element of the current video frame for the area, whether the visual element models for the area are to be corrected or not; and characterized by : a correction unit that corrects one of the visual element models using a reference visual element model if it is determined that a similarity of the one of the visual element models to the visual element of the current video frame is less than a threshold (H1), wherein the reference visual element model is a visual element model for another area , that is determined not to be corrected, and wherein a similarity among appearance features of the reference visual element model and the visual element model to be corrected satisfies a predetermined condition. a correction unit that corrects one of the visual element models using a reference visual element model if it is determined that a similarity of the one of the visual element models to the visual element of the current video frame is less than a threshold (H1), wherein the reference visual element model is a visual element model for another area , that is determined not to be corrected, and wherein a similarity among appearance features of the reference visual element model and the visual element model to be corrected satisfies a predetermined condition.
Underground laying unit for laying with other, in particular similar, underground laying units for covering an underground , wherein the underground laying unit comprises: an attachment structure at the side of the underground, which is configured for attaching to the underground ; a plug connection structure facing away from the underground for detachably plug-connecting, in particular under formation of a snap-plug connection, with a correspondingly formed plug connection structure of a surface laying unit which comprises a using structure , in particular of a surface laying unit according to one of the claims 6 or 7, wherein the plug connection structure comprises a plurality of plug connection elements which are protruding in an elevated manner with respect to the attachment structure , characterized in that the plug connection elements comprise a snapping body for forming a snap-plug connection with corresponding leaf spring structures of the plug connection structure of the corresponding surface laying unit , wherein the plug connection structure is formed as a, in particular two-dimensionally, periodically repeating grid, in particular with a grid dimension in a range between 10 mm and 100 mm, of plug connection unit cells , and the grid is formed by a, in particular two-dimensionally, alternating sequence of plug connection unit cells which extend in an alternating manner in a first orientation direction and in a second orientation direction orthogonal thereto, wherein a respective plug connection unit cell is formed by an arrangement of at least one snapping body and at least one further plug connection element . an attachment structure at the side of the underground, which is configured for attaching to the underground ; a plug connection structure facing away from the underground for detachably plug-connecting, in particular under formation of a snap-plug connection, with a correspondingly formed plug connection structure of a surface laying unit which comprises a using structure , in particular of a surface laying unit according to one of the claims 6 or 7, wherein the plug connection structure comprises a plurality of plug connection elements which are protruding in an elevated manner with respect to the attachment structure , characterized in that the plug connection elements comprise a snapping body for forming a snap-plug connection with corresponding leaf spring structures of the plug connection structure of the corresponding surface laying unit , wherein the plug connection structure is formed as a, in particular two-dimensionally, periodically repeating grid, in particular with a grid dimension in a range between 10 mm and 100 mm, of plug connection unit cells , and the grid is formed by a, in particular two-dimensionally, alternating sequence of plug connection unit cells which extend in an alternating manner in a first orientation direction and in a second orientation direction orthogonal thereto, wherein a respective plug connection unit cell is formed by an arrangement of at least one snapping body and at least one further plug connection element .
An automated lane changing method for a vehicle, comprising: obtaining a plurality of areas in a target lane (S110); calculating, based on information about an obstacle comprised in each area in the plurality of areas, an expected lane changing point for the area which refers to a terminal point position within the area after lane changing (S120); and selecting, based on the expected lane changing point and an availability check result for the plurality of areas comprising two or more areas available for lane changing in the plurality of areas, a first area in the plurality of areas as a target area for final lane changing (S 130), characterized by comprising: calculating, for each area in the two or more areas, a score of the host vehicle to an expected lane changing point corresponding to the area; and selecting an area with the highest score as the target area for final lane changing, wherein the score of the host vehicle to the expected lane changing point corresponding to the area is calculated based on safety of the host vehicle changing lane to the area, lane changing efficiency, and comfort. obtaining a plurality of areas in a target lane (S110); calculating, based on information about an obstacle comprised in each area in the plurality of areas, an expected lane changing point for the area which refers to a terminal point position within the area after lane changing (S120); and selecting, based on the expected lane changing point and an availability check result for the plurality of areas comprising two or more areas available for lane changing in the plurality of areas, a first area in the plurality of areas as a target area for final lane changing (S 130), characterized by comprising: calculating, for each area in the two or more areas, a score of the host vehicle to an expected lane changing point corresponding to the area; and selecting an area with the highest score as the target area for final lane changing, wherein the score of the host vehicle to the expected lane changing point corresponding to the area is calculated based on safety of the host vehicle changing lane to the area, lane changing efficiency, and comfort. calculating, for each area in the two or more areas, a score of the host vehicle to an expected lane changing point corresponding to the area; and selecting an area with the highest score as the target area for final lane changing, wherein the score of the host vehicle to the expected lane changing point corresponding to the area is calculated based on safety of the host vehicle changing lane to the area, lane changing efficiency, and comfort.
A wedge drive with a slider top , a slider bottom and a slider arranged between the slider top and the slider bottom which in a working position is movable back and forth between closed and open positions via sliding surfaces, wherein for establishing either the working position or a mounting position, the slider is equipped with an apparatus variable in location, characterised in that , for this purpose, a first stop as well as a separate second stop are provided on the slider , wherein in the working position of the wedge drive , the apparatus is positioned opposite the slider such that it serves as a limiter for the first stop when the wedge drive is being or has been actuated to its fully opened position as intended, and wherein in the mounting position, the apparatus is positioned such that the second stop supports itself on the apparatus .
Lens with an extended range of focus, wherein the lens consists of a solid, transparent material and has two manufactured optical surfaces , wherein the lens has a focal power distribution F G , characterized in that the focal power distribution F G of the lens , in relation to a plane perpendicular to the optical axis , changes as a function of the radial height r and of the azimuth angle phi of the aperture between a base value of the focal power F L not equal to zero and a maximum value F Smax not equal to zero and hence results in the focal power distribution F G (r, phi) = F L + F S (r, phi) , with a spiral focal power component F S r phi = F Smax r ∗ w phi , where F Smax (r) depends nonlinearly on the radius and w(phi) is a factor for the azimuthal focal power component with the spiral profile, which is described by the formula w phi = ∑ i = 1 M I i exp − a i phi − w i 2 for the addition of focal power at the azimuth angle phi, which takes values from zero to 2π, and w i are the peak positions in the angular distribution function; I i are intensity values of the individual peaks with I i >0; a i >0 are damping coefficients for the respective peak positions and i is a counter and M≥i is a final value.
An intravascular blood pump for percutaneous insertion into a patient's blood vessel, comprising: a pump casing having a blood flow inlet and a blood flow outlet , an impeller arranged in said pump casing so as to be rotatable about an axis of rotation , the impeller having blades sized and shaped for conveying blood from the blood flow inlet to the blood flow outlet , a drive unit for rotating the impeller , the drive unit comprising a plurality of posts arranged about the axis of rotation and a back plate connecting rear ends of the posts , wherein the posts and the back plate form a magnetic core of the drive unit , and a coil winding disposed around each of the posts , the coil windings being controllable so as to create a rotating magnetic field, wherein the impeller comprises a magnetic structure arranged to interact with the rotating magnetic field so as to cause rotation of the impeller , and characterized in that the magnetic core or a part of it comprises or consists of a discontinuous soft magnetic material which is discontinuous regarding electric conductivity in a cross-section, wherein at least one weld is provided at a surface of the discontinuous soft magnetic material, the weld bridging at least one discontinuity regarding electric conductivity in the discontinuous soft magnetic material. a pump casing having a blood flow inlet and a blood flow outlet , an impeller arranged in said pump casing so as to be rotatable about an axis of rotation , the impeller having blades sized and shaped for conveying blood from the blood flow inlet to the blood flow outlet , a drive unit for rotating the impeller , the drive unit comprising a plurality of posts arranged about the axis of rotation and a back plate connecting rear ends of the posts , wherein the posts and the back plate form a magnetic core of the drive unit , and a coil winding disposed around each of the posts , the coil windings being controllable so as to create a rotating magnetic field, wherein the impeller comprises a magnetic structure arranged to interact with the rotating magnetic field so as to cause rotation of the impeller , and characterized in that the magnetic core or a part of it comprises or consists of a discontinuous soft magnetic material which is discontinuous regarding electric conductivity in a cross-section, wherein at least one weld is provided at a surface of the discontinuous soft magnetic material, the weld bridging at least one discontinuity regarding electric conductivity in the discontinuous soft magnetic material.
A process for the preparation of 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene , the process comprising: (a) contacting 1, 1,2,3,3,3-hexafluoropropene with hydrogen in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst to produce 1, 1,2,3,3,3-hexafluoropropane ; (b) dehydrofluorinating 236ea to produce 1, 2 3 ,3, 3-pentafluoropropene ; (c) contacting 1225ye with hydrogen in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst to produce 1,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropane ; and (d) dehydrofluorinating 245eb to produce 1234yf; wherein the process is carried out continuously, and wherein the product from each step is purified before being reacted in the subsequent step; wherein steps (a) to (d) are conducted sequentially in that order using a separate reactor for each step; wherein steps (b) and (d) are carried out at a temperature of from -20 to 250° C; and wherein: steps (b) and (d) are carried out in a liquid phase, using a base and using water and a polar aprotic solvent as a solvent, optionally in the presence of a co-solvent or diluent. (a) contacting 1, 1,2,3,3,3-hexafluoropropene with hydrogen in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst to produce 1, 1,2,3,3,3-hexafluoropropane ; (b) dehydrofluorinating 236ea to produce 1, 2 3 ,3, 3-pentafluoropropene ; (c) contacting 1225ye with hydrogen in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst to produce 1,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropane ; and (d) dehydrofluorinating 245eb to produce 1234yf; wherein the process is carried out continuously, and wherein the product from each step is purified before being reacted in the subsequent step; wherein steps (a) to (d) are conducted sequentially in that order using a separate reactor for each step; wherein steps (b) and (d) are carried out at a temperature of from -20 to 250° C; and wherein: steps (b) and (d) are carried out in a liquid phase, using a base and using water and a polar aprotic solvent as a solvent, optionally in the presence of a co-solvent or diluent.
A pedal group , such as a brake pedal group of a vehicle, which comprises, in an assembly position, a pedal body joined to a pedal shaft the first and second free ends of which are introduced in plain bearings each one of which is housed in a support hole of a pedal support , wherein said plain bearings have on the outer part thereof and in the area of the mouth thereof a non-return step which in an operative position of the pedal group rests against the inner edge of the support hole of the pedal support , and which prevents the plain bearing from being extracted from the aforementioned hole in the direction towards the outside of the pedal support, the pedal group being characterized in that the pedal shaft has a bulge (A or A') in the proximity of at least one of the first or second free ends which - in the operative position of the pedal group assembly, does not interfere with the mouth of the plain bearing in which said free end is introduced, but which - in a forced assembly position which comprises an undesired axial movement D of the pedal shaft interferes with the mouth of the aforementioned plain bearing, expanding it towards the outside, among other effects anchoring the non-return step against the aforementioned inner edge of the support hole of the pedal support . - in the operative position of the pedal group assembly, does not interfere with the mouth of the plain bearing in which said free end is introduced, but which - in a forced assembly position which comprises an undesired axial movement D of the pedal shaft interferes with the mouth of the aforementioned plain bearing, expanding it towards the outside, among other effects anchoring the non-return step against the aforementioned inner edge of the support hole of the pedal support .
A method for training a convolutional recurrent neural network, CRNN, for semantic segmentation in videos; the method being characterized in that it comprises the implementation, by a data processor of a first server , of steps of: (a) Training from a base of training images already semantically segmented, a first convolutional neural network, CNN; (b) Training from a base of training videos already semantically segmented, a recurrent convolutional neural network, CRNN, corresponding to the first CNN wherein a convolutional layer has been replaced by a recurrent module having a hidden state; said training comprising, for each pair of successive frames ( t - 1, t ∈ 1 T 2 ) of a video of said base of training videos already semantically segmented: (b1) Warping the internal state of the recurrent layer according to an estimated optical flow between the frames of the pair, so as to adapt the internal state to the motion of pixels between the frames of the pair; (b2) learning parameters of at least the recurrent module. (a) Training from a base of training images already semantically segmented, a first convolutional neural network, CNN; (b) Training from a base of training videos already semantically segmented, a recurrent convolutional neural network, CRNN, corresponding to the first CNN wherein a convolutional layer has been replaced by a recurrent module having a hidden state; said training comprising, for each pair of successive frames ( t - 1, t ∈ 1 T 2 ) of a video of said base of training videos already semantically segmented: (b1) Warping the internal state of the recurrent layer according to an estimated optical flow between the frames of the pair, so as to adapt the internal state to the motion of pixels between the frames of the pair; (b2) learning parameters of at least the recurrent module. (b1) Warping the internal state of the recurrent layer according to an estimated optical flow between the frames of the pair, so as to adapt the internal state to the motion of pixels between the frames of the pair; (b2) learning parameters of at least the recurrent module.
A mobile transport system , for the transportation of objects, in particular in a technical system, comprising a vehicle frame , a pair of first support wheels and a pair of second support wheels , which are rotatably mounted, a first drive wheel rotatable about a first drive axis running in a transverse direction (Y), a second drive wheel rotatable about a second drive axis running in the transverse direction (Y) and a swing frame pivotable relative to the vehicle frame about a swing axis , wherein the first support wheels are arranged on the vehicle frame and the second support wheels are arranged on the swing frame , wherein a drive unit is arranged on the swing frame and has a drive frame , characterised in that the first drive wheel is rotatably mounted on a first swing arm pivotable relative to the drive frame about a first swing axis , and the second drive wheel is rotatably mounted on a second swing arm pivotable relative to the drive frame about a second swing axis , and in that the drive frame is pivotable relative to the swing frame about a steering axis . a vehicle frame , a pair of first support wheels and a pair of second support wheels , which are rotatably mounted, a first drive wheel rotatable about a first drive axis running in a transverse direction (Y), a second drive wheel rotatable about a second drive axis running in the transverse direction (Y) and a swing frame pivotable relative to the vehicle frame about a swing axis , wherein the first support wheels are arranged on the vehicle frame and the second support wheels are arranged on the swing frame , wherein a drive unit is arranged on the swing frame and has a drive frame , characterised in that the first drive wheel is rotatably mounted on a first swing arm pivotable relative to the drive frame about a first swing axis , and the second drive wheel is rotatably mounted on a second swing arm pivotable relative to the drive frame about a second swing axis , and in that the drive frame is pivotable relative to the swing frame about a steering axis .
A heater panel comprising: a core ; a heater/dielectric layer including a positive thermal coefficient 'PTC' heater layer between a pair of dielectric layers; and a structural facing , wherein the heater/dielectric layer is bonded directly between the core and the structural facing , and characterized in that the heater/dielectric layer is bonded directly to the core without any intervening layers aside from an adhesive or bonding agent, and in that the heater/dielectric layer is bonded directly to the structural facing without any intervening layers aside from an adhesive or bonding agent. a core ; a heater/dielectric layer including a positive thermal coefficient 'PTC' heater layer between a pair of dielectric layers; and a structural facing , wherein the heater/dielectric layer is bonded directly between the core and the structural facing , and characterized in that the heater/dielectric layer is bonded directly to the core without any intervening layers aside from an adhesive or bonding agent, and in that the heater/dielectric layer is bonded directly to the structural facing without any intervening layers aside from an adhesive or bonding agent.