Microscope comprising an excitation beam path , in which - a light source for providing excitation radiation (ER); - a scanning apparatus for the controlled deflection of the excitation radiation (ER); - an objective for illuminating a sample located in a sample space with the excitation radiation (ER) and for capturing detection radiation (DR) brought about by means of the excitation radiation (ER); and - means for switching between a first operating mode of the microscope and a second operating mode of the microscope are present; characterized in that - a colour splitter , which is reflective to the excitation radiation (ER) and on account of whose effect a beam of the excitation radiation (ER) is reflected along the further excitation beam path , is present in the excitation beam path ; - a first apparatus for introducing optical elements into the excitation beam path is present in the excitation beam path between the light source and the colour splitter , wherein, in a first operating state of the microscope , a first cylindrical optical element (5.1) can be introduced into the excitation beam path by means of the first apparatus ; - a second apparatus for introducing optical elements into the excitation beam path is present in the excitation beam path between the colour splitter and the scanning apparatus , wherein, in the first operating state of the microscope , a second cylindrical optical element (9.1) can be introduced into the excitation beam path by means of the second apparatus ; and - a switching element is present, by means of which a selection can be made between a first detection path and a second detection path in a detection beam path and the captured detection radiation (DR) is steered accordingly into the respectively selected detection path . - a light source for providing excitation radiation (ER); - a scanning apparatus for the controlled deflection of the excitation radiation (ER); - an objective for illuminating a sample located in a sample space with the excitation radiation (ER) and for capturing detection radiation (DR) brought about by means of the excitation radiation (ER); and - means for switching between a first operating mode of the microscope and a second operating mode of the microscope are present; characterized in that - a colour splitter , which is reflective to the excitation radiation (ER) and on account of whose effect a beam of the excitation radiation (ER) is reflected along the further excitation beam path , is present in the excitation beam path ; - a first apparatus for introducing optical elements into the excitation beam path is present in the excitation beam path between the light source and the colour splitter , wherein, in a first operating state of the microscope , a first cylindrical optical element (5.1) can be introduced into the excitation beam path by means of the first apparatus ; - a second apparatus for introducing optical elements into the excitation beam path is present in the excitation beam path between the colour splitter and the scanning apparatus , wherein, in the first operating state of the microscope , a second cylindrical optical element (9.1) can be introduced into the excitation beam path by means of the second apparatus ; and - a switching element is present, by means of which a selection can be made between a first detection path and a second detection path in a detection beam path and the captured detection radiation (DR) is steered accordingly into the respectively selected detection path . <EOS>