A backscatter communication method in a backscatter communication system, the backscatter communication system including an excitation device , a backscatter device , and a receiving device, wherein the method comprises: (S301, S401) determining, by the excitation device , a first sequence; and (S302, S402) generating, by the excitation device , a first signal, and (S303, S403) sending, by the excitation device , the first signal to the backscatter device and the receiving device , wherein the first signal carries the first sequence, and the first sequence is used to perform first scrambling on backscatter device data; (S304, S404) sending, by the excitation device , first indication information to a receiving device , wherein the first indication information is used to indicate a parameter of the first sequence; wherein the backscatter device data are data stored in the backscatter device or data collected by a sensor connected to the backscatter device , wherein the parameter of the first sequence comprises at least one of the following information: a sequence type of the first sequence, an initial value of the first sequence, and a sequence shift value of the first sequence; wherein the method further comprises: (S305, S406) receiving, by the backscatter device , the first signal from the excitation device , wherein the first signal carries the first sequence, and the first sequence is used to perform first scrambling on backscatter device data; (S306, S410) modulating, by the backscatter device , the backscatter device data to the first signal to obtain a second signal, wherein the second signal carries backscatter device data obtained after the first scrambling; and (S307, S411) backscattering, by the backscatter device , the second signal to the receiving device . (S301, S401) determining, by the excitation device , a first sequence; and (S302, S402) generating, by the excitation device , a first signal, and (S303, S403) sending, by the excitation device , the first signal to the backscatter device and the receiving device , wherein the first signal carries the first sequence, and the first sequence is used to perform first scrambling on backscatter device data; (S304, S404) sending, by the excitation device , first indication information to a receiving device , wherein the first indication information is used to indicate a parameter of the first sequence; wherein the backscatter device data are data stored in the backscatter device or data collected by a sensor connected to the backscatter device , wherein the parameter of the first sequence comprises at least one of the following information: a sequence type of the first sequence, an initial value of the first sequence, and a sequence shift value of the first sequence; wherein the method further comprises: (S305, S406) receiving, by the backscatter device , the first signal from the excitation device , wherein the first signal carries the first sequence, and the first sequence is used to perform first scrambling on backscatter device data; (S306, S410) modulating, by the backscatter device , the backscatter device data to the first signal to obtain a second signal, wherein the second signal carries backscatter device data obtained after the first scrambling; and (S307, S411) backscattering, by the backscatter device , the second signal to the receiving device . (S305, S406) receiving, by the backscatter device , the first signal from the excitation device , wherein the first signal carries the first sequence, and the first sequence is used to perform first scrambling on backscatter device data; (S306, S410) modulating, by the backscatter device , the backscatter device data to the first signal to obtain a second signal, wherein the second signal carries backscatter device data obtained after the first scrambling; and (S307, S411) backscattering, by the backscatter device , the second signal to the receiving device . <EOS>