A module for detecting dose dialing parameters, comprising: a carrier configured to mate with an injection device , the injection device comprising a dose dialing mechanism configured such that rotation of the dialing mechanism in a first direction causes a dose increase and rotation of the dialing mechanism in a second direction causes a dose decrease, the second direction being different from the first direction; characterized in that said module further comprises one or more sensors mounted on the carrier and configured to detect a direction of net inertial force and a magnitude of an impulse of mechanical energy transmitted through the injection device and generate sensor data based on the direction of net inertial force and magnitude of the impulse, wherein the impulse of mechanical energy is a tactile and audible feedback which occurs at each dose setting increment of the dose dialing mechanism ; and a processor and memory component collectively configured to: obtain the sensor data from the one or more sensors; determine a direction of rotation of the dose dialing mechanism based on the detected direction of the impulse transmitted through the injection device by: comparing the sensor data based on the magnitude and direction of net inertial force of the impulse to a threshold value, wherein movement of the dose dialing mechanism is determined only when the data exceed the threshold value; and distinguish between a dose increasing event and a dose decreasing event based on the determined direction of rotation of the dose dialing mechanism . a carrier configured to mate with an injection device , the injection device comprising a dose dialing mechanism configured such that rotation of the dialing mechanism in a first direction causes a dose increase and rotation of the dialing mechanism in a second direction causes a dose decrease, the second direction being different from the first direction; characterized in that said module further comprises one or more sensors mounted on the carrier and configured to detect a direction of net inertial force and a magnitude of an impulse of mechanical energy transmitted through the injection device and generate sensor data based on the direction of net inertial force and magnitude of the impulse, wherein the impulse of mechanical energy is a tactile and audible feedback which occurs at each dose setting increment of the dose dialing mechanism ; and a processor and memory component collectively configured to: obtain the sensor data from the one or more sensors; determine a direction of rotation of the dose dialing mechanism based on the detected direction of the impulse transmitted through the injection device by: comparing the sensor data based on the magnitude and direction of net inertial force of the impulse to a threshold value, wherein movement of the dose dialing mechanism is determined only when the data exceed the threshold value; and distinguish between a dose increasing event and a dose decreasing event based on the determined direction of rotation of the dose dialing mechanism . obtain the sensor data from the one or more sensors; determine a direction of rotation of the dose dialing mechanism based on the detected direction of the impulse transmitted through the injection device by: comparing the sensor data based on the magnitude and direction of net inertial force of the impulse to a threshold value, wherein movement of the dose dialing mechanism is determined only when the data exceed the threshold value; and distinguish between a dose increasing event and a dose decreasing event based on the determined direction of rotation of the dose dialing mechanism . <EOS>