A metal/resin composite structure comprising: a metal member (M) having a fine uneven surface; and a polyamide-based resin member (A) bonded to the metal member (M), wherein (i) the fine uneven surface of the metal member (M) includes a fine uneven surface on which the large number of protrusions having an interval period of equal to or greater than 5 nm and equal to or smaller than 500 um are erected; (ii) the polyamide-based resin member (A) includes a metal soap, where a content of montanic acid metal salt occupying the metal soap is equal to or more than 20% by mass and equal to or less than 100% by mass; and (iii) the polyamide-based resin member (A) satisfies the following condition [A1] and condition [A2]: [A1] a glass transition temperature (Tg) observed by a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) is equal to or higher than 85°C and equal to or lower than 140°C; and [A2] a crystallization temperature (Tc) observed by a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) is equal to or higher than 250°C and equal to or lower than 292°C, and wherein the interval period, glass transition temperature and crystallization temperature are determined according to the description. a metal member (M) having a fine uneven surface; and a polyamide-based resin member (A) bonded to the metal member (M), wherein (i) the fine uneven surface of the metal member (M) includes a fine uneven surface on which the large number of protrusions having an interval period of equal to or greater than 5 nm and equal to or smaller than 500 um are erected; (ii) the polyamide-based resin member (A) includes a metal soap, where a content of montanic acid metal salt occupying the metal soap is equal to or more than 20% by mass and equal to or less than 100% by mass; and (iii) the polyamide-based resin member (A) satisfies the following condition [A1] and condition [A2]: [A1] a glass transition temperature (Tg) observed by a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) is equal to or higher than 85°C and equal to or lower than 140°C; and [A2] a crystallization temperature (Tc) observed by a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) is equal to or higher than 250°C and equal to or lower than 292°C, (i) the fine uneven surface of the metal member (M) includes a fine uneven surface on which the large number of protrusions having an interval period of equal to or greater than 5 nm and equal to or smaller than 500 um are erected; (ii) the polyamide-based resin member (A) includes a metal soap, where a content of montanic acid metal salt occupying the metal soap is equal to or more than 20% by mass and equal to or less than 100% by mass; and (iii) the polyamide-based resin member (A) satisfies the following condition [A1] and condition [A2]: [A1] a glass transition temperature (Tg) observed by a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) is equal to or higher than 85°C and equal to or lower than 140°C; and [A2] a crystallization temperature (Tc) observed by a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) is equal to or higher than 250°C and equal to or lower than 292°C, [A1] a glass transition temperature (Tg) observed by a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) is equal to or higher than 85°C and equal to or lower than 140°C; and [A2] a crystallization temperature (Tc) observed by a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) is equal to or higher than 250°C and equal to or lower than 292°C, and wherein the interval period, glass transition temperature and crystallization temperature are determined according to the description. <EOS>