mhurhangee/patent-ind-claim-en huggingface dataset:
Composite component , produced according to a method according to one of Claims 12 or 13, comprising at least one first and one second component which are connected to one another in a joining region , wherein the joining region has a plastic forming region by means of which the first and the second component by way of cold forming are held by a mutual holding force in the joining region ; wherein in the plastic forming region the first component has a recess and the latter is at least partially filled by deformed material of the second component ; wherein configured by the deformed material is a protuberance which projects from the second component and protrudes into the recess and configures a contact region between the first and the second component that has an undercut , the latter counteracting the release of the components when the joining region is impinged with a force; wherein the base material of the first component , which has the recess , has a lower yield point than the base material of the second component , which at least partially fills the recess by deformed material, and that the first and the second component at least in the joining region are configured as sheet-metal parts or sheet-metal-type parts, and a base sheet thickness (s2) of the second component is greater than a base sheet thickness (s1) of the first component , characterized in that the second component in the plastic deformation region as an imprint of a forming die used for deforming the material into the recess has a depression having circular internal cross sections; and wherein the depression reaches into the recess and configures a base area of the protuberance ; and wherein, proceeding from the base area , a second flared conical portion of the depression , from a first flared frustoconical portion of the depression across a shoulder to above the clearance , is configured.
Antenna device for vehicle-to-vehicle (C2C) or vehicle-to-X (C2X) communication, having an antenna , wherein the antenna can be connected to an electronic device via an antenna cable and radio-frequency signals can be transmitted between the electronic device and the antenna and vice versa via the antenna cable , wherein the antenna device has a control unit and switching units which are controlled by the control unit , wherein the switching units are used to switch between a receive path and a transmit path between the electronic device and the antenna , wherein a first amplifier is arranged in the receive path and a second amplifier is arranged in the transmit path, wherein a transceiving unit is connected to the control unit and can be connected, on the output side, to the antenna cable , wherein a signal can be modulated onto the antenna cable in a manner triggered by the electronic device , wherein the signal is transmitted to the control unit via the transceiving unit , and the control unit is prompted to modulate a further signal on the antenna cable via the transceiving unit , wherein the further signal is then emitted to the antenna via the transmit path , wherein the control unit is able to transmit the further signal leaving the transceiving unit to the antenna via the transmit path by actuating the switching units in such a manner that the transmit path , rather than the receive path , is connected, wherein a frequency detection unit is connected to the control unit , wherein the frequency detection unit is connected, on the output side, to the antenna cable , wherein control signals from the electronic device which have been modulated onto the antenna cable are detected using the frequency detection unit and a control pulse is emitted to the control unit , wherein the control pulse prompts the control unit to actuate the switching units to switch between the transmit and receive paths , wherein control signals are generated or detected using the frequency detection unit in order to actuate the switching units to switch between the transmit and receive paths on the basis of triggering events in the electronic device or the antenna device , wherein the triggering events are those in which the electronic device modulates a control signal onto the antenna cable , wherein the control signal from the control unit provides the information to switch to the transmit path because radio-frequency signals are being transmitted from the electronic device , via the antenna cable , to the antenna for emission there, wherein the same also applies to the situation in which radio-frequency signals received by the antenna using the antenna device are transmitted to the electronic device via the receive path and the antenna cable .
A method of producing a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet having a forsterite film by subjecting a coil for grain-oriented electrical steel sheet after cold rolling to a primary recrystallization annealing, applying an annealing separator composed mainly of MgO thereon, and conducting final annealing, characterized in that : rapid heating is conducted at a rate of not less than 80°C/sec from 500°C to 700°C in the heating for the primary recrystallization annealing, the final annealing is conducted by laying a thermal insulation material on an upper surface of a coil supporting stand in an annealing furnace used for the final annealing concentrically from the outer periphery of the coil supporting stand and over an area of not less than 20% of the radius of the coil supporting stand, and a temperature keeping treatment is conducted for 2 to 80 hours from 700°C to 1000°C in the course of the heating for the final annealing. rapid heating is conducted at a rate of not less than 80°C/sec from 500°C to 700°C in the heating for the primary recrystallization annealing, the final annealing is conducted by laying a thermal insulation material on an upper surface of a coil supporting stand in an annealing furnace used for the final annealing concentrically from the outer periphery of the coil supporting stand and over an area of not less than 20% of the radius of the coil supporting stand, and a temperature keeping treatment is conducted for 2 to 80 hours from 700°C to 1000°C in the course of the heating for the final annealing.
A protein composition in the form of a dry protein concentrate comprising 25 wt.% to 30 wt.% of protein obtainable from bulbs of a plant of the species Allium cepa by a process comprising the steps of: (a) providing a mass comprising material of the Allium cepa bulbs; (b) subjecting the material to a mechanical treatment selected from the group consisting of disrupting, homogenization, and a combination thereof; (c) combining the mass with a basic substance under mixing, so as to obtain an aqueous slurry, wherein the basic substance is a basic liquid having a pH of from 8 to 9; (d) subjecting the slurry to separation so as to obtain a liquid fraction and one or more solid fractions; (e) optionally subjecting the solid fraction(s) obtained under (d) to concentration and/or drying steps so as to obtain a dry product comprising the fibres; (f) subjecting the liquid fraction to acidification so as to obtain an acid-treated liquid having a pH in a range of from 4 - 4.5; (g) subjecting the acid-treated liquid to separation so as to obtain an aqueous process liquid and a liquid gel; (h) subjecting the liquid gel to concentration and/or drying steps so as to obtain a dry product comprising the protein, said process being conducted at ambient temperature, wherein in steps (c) and (f) the temperature is below 30 °C, the temperature being controlled by appropriate cooling to the extent necessary. (a) providing a mass comprising material of the Allium cepa bulbs; (b) subjecting the material to a mechanical treatment selected from the group consisting of disrupting, homogenization, and a combination thereof; (c) combining the mass with a basic substance under mixing, so as to obtain an aqueous slurry, wherein the basic substance is a basic liquid having a pH of from 8 to 9; (d) subjecting the slurry to separation so as to obtain a liquid fraction and one or more solid fractions; (e) optionally subjecting the solid fraction(s) obtained under (d) to concentration and/or drying steps so as to obtain a dry product comprising the fibres; (f) subjecting the liquid fraction to acidification so as to obtain an acid-treated liquid having a pH in a range of from 4 - 4.5; (g) subjecting the acid-treated liquid to separation so as to obtain an aqueous process liquid and a liquid gel; (h) subjecting the liquid gel to concentration and/or drying steps so as to obtain a dry product comprising the protein, said process being conducted at ambient temperature, wherein in steps (c) and (f) the temperature is below 30 °C, the temperature being controlled by appropriate cooling to the extent necessary.
Slip ring bridge, in particular for use in a wind power installation, having at least two segments and at least one insulation element , wherein at least some of the segments are designed for providing electrical power, in particular with the aid of slip ring brushes , wherein the insulation element is designed for insulating the segments and for spacing apart the segments, characterized in that the respective insulation element comprises a shield , and in that the shield is arranged in the interior of the respective insulation element , and in that the shield is connected to a constant electric potential.
Functional element for a kitchen appliance comprising a functional area for a function for the kitchen appliance , characterized by a bridge unit for bridging a shielding space of the kitchen appliance at least partially shielding an accessory of the kitchen appliance from a control unit of the kitchen appliance for wireless data communication between the accessory and the control unit with an accessory section (13.1) for communication with the accessory and a control section (13.2) for communication with the control unit .
A method of controlling a hybrid vehicle using Q-learning technique comprising: obtaining vehicle state information including battery SOC information, engine on/off information, demand power, vehicle speed information, and fuel consumption information; creating a vehicle model information map using the vehicle state information; creating a Q value table based on the vehicle model information map; and calculating power distribution control values of an engine and a motor through reinforcement learning based on the Q value table, characterized in that the reinforcement learning based on the Q value table is configured to calculate the power distribution control values using the vehicle state information generated in two consecutive periods as state and reward values, respectively. obtaining vehicle state information including battery SOC information, engine on/off information, demand power, vehicle speed information, and fuel consumption information; creating a vehicle model information map using the vehicle state information; creating a Q value table based on the vehicle model information map; and calculating power distribution control values of an engine and a motor through reinforcement learning based on the Q value table, characterized in that the reinforcement learning based on the Q value table is configured to calculate the power distribution control values using the vehicle state information generated in two consecutive periods as state and reward values, respectively.
A method for inverse tone mapping of at least a part of an image (I) comprising: - obtaining (S1) a first expansion exponent map (E(p)) for said image (I); - determining (S4), for at least a pixel (p) of the image (I), an expanded luminance value (Yexp(p)) by performing an exponentiation with an expansion exponent value determined from said first expansion exponent map (E(p)) on a luminance value (Y(p)) of said pixel (p), Z the method characterised by further comprising: - obtaining, for said pixel (p) of the image (I), an expansion correcting value ( p bright .M bright ( p )) by using a modulating function ( M bright ( p )) that takes as input a value Y base p 255 representative of the luminance of said pixel (p) and is an increasing function whose increase is higher for higher input values; - obtaining a corrected expansion exponent value for said pixel by subtracting said expansion correcting value ( p bright .M bright ( p )) from the expansion exponent value ( E ( p )) of the first expansion exponent map (E(p)); and - determining (S4), for said pixel (p) of the image (I), an expanded luminance value (Yexp(p)) by performing an exponentiation with said corrected expansion exponent value on the luminance value (Y(p)) of said pixel (p). - obtaining (S1) a first expansion exponent map (E(p)) for said image (I); - determining (S4), for at least a pixel (p) of the image (I), an expanded luminance value (Yexp(p)) by performing an exponentiation with an expansion exponent value determined from said first expansion exponent map (E(p)) on a luminance value (Y(p)) of said pixel (p), Z the method characterised by further comprising: - obtaining, for said pixel (p) of the image (I), an expansion correcting value ( p bright .M bright ( p )) by using a modulating function ( M bright ( p )) that takes as input a value Y base p 255 representative of the luminance of said pixel (p) and is an increasing function whose increase is higher for higher input values; - obtaining a corrected expansion exponent value for said pixel by subtracting said expansion correcting value ( p bright .M bright ( p )) from the expansion exponent value ( E ( p )) of the first expansion exponent map (E(p)); and - determining (S4), for said pixel (p) of the image (I), an expanded luminance value (Yexp(p)) by performing an exponentiation with said corrected expansion exponent value on the luminance value (Y(p)) of said pixel (p).
A test and measurement instrument , comprising: an input terminal to receive an electrical signal under test; an analog-to-digital converter 'ADC' to digitize the signal under test; a digital downconverter configured to produce I 'in-phase' and Q 'quadrature' baseband component information from the digitized signal; a trace generation section configured to generate one or more IQ-based time-domain traces using the I and Q baseband component information; and a measurement section configured to produce one or more measurement values corresponding to attributes of the one or more IQ-based time-domain traces characterised in that : the one or more IQ-based time-domain traces includes a frequency-versus-time trace; and the measurement section is configured to measure the frequency of frequency hops in the frequency-versus-time trace, thereby determining a frequency modulated hop rate aspect of the signal under test. an input terminal to receive an electrical signal under test; an analog-to-digital converter 'ADC' to digitize the signal under test; a digital downconverter configured to produce I 'in-phase' and Q 'quadrature' baseband component information from the digitized signal; a trace generation section configured to generate one or more IQ-based time-domain traces using the I and Q baseband component information; and a measurement section configured to produce one or more measurement values corresponding to attributes of the one or more IQ-based time-domain traces characterised in that : the one or more IQ-based time-domain traces includes a frequency-versus-time trace; and the measurement section is configured to measure the frequency of frequency hops in the frequency-versus-time trace, thereby determining a frequency modulated hop rate aspect of the signal under test.
An electrochemical oxygen sensor comprising: a positive electrode ; a negative electrode ; and an electrolyte solution constituted by an aqueous solution, wherein the negative electrode includes a metal containing, as a main component, an element M selected from Sn and Ni, the electrolyte solution is an aqueous solution having a pH of 3 to 10, the positive electrode includes a catalyst layer containing a catalytic metal, the electrochemical oxygen sensor being characterized in that the catalyst layer includes, on a surface that is in contact with the electrolyte solution, a surface layer containing the element M. a positive electrode ; a negative electrode ; and an electrolyte solution constituted by an aqueous solution, wherein the negative electrode includes a metal containing, as a main component, an element M selected from Sn and Ni, the electrolyte solution is an aqueous solution having a pH of 3 to 10, the positive electrode includes a catalyst layer containing a catalytic metal, the electrochemical oxygen sensor being characterized in that the catalyst layer includes, on a surface that is in contact with the electrolyte solution, a surface layer containing the element M.
Power supply unit for at least one electrical consumer with two converters connected in series via a physical interface, the first converter being part of a plug-in contact unit, in particular a socket, connected to a power supply, and the second converter being part of the electrical consumer or part of an electrical consumer unit, and wherein the first converter provides a constant voltage at the interface up to a certain maximum power and of which the second converter converts the voltage provided by the first converter into a current required to operate the at least one electrical consumer , characterized by the fact that the second converter comprises a power output limiter for limiting the power consumed by the first converter and a control for controlling the power output limiter to reduce its power output when the maximum power required by the second converter is greater than the maximum power of the first converter , and that the interface comprises a data line for transmitting data from the first converter to the second converter , which transmitted data are at least a load index (L 1 ) as an indication of the maximum power of the first converter , and that the control has access to this load index (L 1 ) and the second converter comprises a memory element for storing the data transmitted by the first converter , in which memory element the load index (L 1 ) received before the first converter is stored.
An ethylene oligomerization catalyst pre-formation unit, comprising: a first vessel comprising a solution of co-catalyst and modifier; a second vessel comprising a chromium compound and a ligand; wherein the first and second vessels are connected via lines to a mixing unit, wherein each line has a flow control valve, wherein the flow control valves are independently a thermal mass flow controller or a coreolis flow meter; wherein the mixing unit is connected via a line having a flow control valve to an oligomerization reactor; wherein gas inlets are each connected to the first vessel and to the second vessel, and wherein the first vessel, the second vessel, the mixing unit and the flow control valves are completely within a temperature controlled enclosure. a first vessel comprising a solution of co-catalyst and modifier; a second vessel comprising a chromium compound and a ligand; wherein the first and second vessels are connected via lines to a mixing unit, wherein each line has a flow control valve, wherein the flow control valves are independently a thermal mass flow controller or a coreolis flow meter; wherein the mixing unit is connected via a line having a flow control valve to an oligomerization reactor; wherein gas inlets are each connected to the first vessel and to the second vessel, and wherein the first vessel, the second vessel, the mixing unit and the flow control valves are completely within a temperature controlled enclosure.
A method for determining a total alkalinity (TA) of a recirculating water system comprising the steps of: (a) selecting a first pH threshold (Th pH ); (b) measuring a flow rate of the recirculating water system (fs); (c) controllably adding a known amount of acid to the recirculating water system at an acid flow rate (f A ) and measuring the pH of the recirculating water system downstream from the addition of the acid; (d) repeating step (c) until a pH measurement falls below the first pH threshold; and (e) computing the total alkalinity of the recirculating water system when the pH measurement falls below the first pH threshold, wherein the total alkalinity is computed as: TA = K CAL • (f A / fs), wherein K CAL is a calibration constant. (a) selecting a first pH threshold (Th pH ); (b) measuring a flow rate of the recirculating water system (fs); (c) controllably adding a known amount of acid to the recirculating water system at an acid flow rate (f A ) and measuring the pH of the recirculating water system downstream from the addition of the acid; (d) repeating step (c) until a pH measurement falls below the first pH threshold; and (e) computing the total alkalinity of the recirculating water system when the pH measurement falls below the first pH threshold, wherein the total alkalinity is computed as: TA = K CAL • (f A / fs), wherein K CAL is a calibration constant.
Impeller for a radial fan, the impeller comprising a front side , a rear side and a peripheral edge , a hub element , a covering disc positioned on the front side , the covering disc having a radially outer edge with a first outer diameter (d16o), an intake opening formed on the front side , a support disc positioned on the rear side , the support disc having a radially outer edge with a second outer diameter (d19o), wherein the first outer diameter (d16o) of the radially outer edge of the covering disc is greater than the second outer diameter (d19o) of the radially outer edge of the support disc , blades extending substantially radially from the hub element towards the peripheral edge , outflow openings formed in the region of the peripheral edge , openings formed in the covering disc , wherein the openings are positioned between the radially outer edge of the covering disc having the first outer diameter (d16o) and a radially inner edge of the covering disc having a first internal diameter (d16i), characterized in that the first internal diameter (d16i) of the radially inner edge of the covering disc is smaller than a second internal diameter (d19i) of a radially inner edge of the support disc . a front side , a rear side and a peripheral edge , a hub element , a covering disc positioned on the front side , the covering disc having a radially outer edge with a first outer diameter (d16o), an intake opening formed on the front side , a support disc positioned on the rear side , the support disc having a radially outer edge with a second outer diameter (d19o), wherein the first outer diameter (d16o) of the radially outer edge of the covering disc is greater than the second outer diameter (d19o) of the radially outer edge of the support disc , blades extending substantially radially from the hub element towards the peripheral edge , outflow openings formed in the region of the peripheral edge , openings formed in the covering disc , wherein the openings are positioned between the radially outer edge of the covering disc having the first outer diameter (d16o) and a radially inner edge of the covering disc having a first internal diameter (d16i), characterized in that the first internal diameter (d16i) of the radially inner edge of the covering disc is smaller than a second internal diameter (d19i) of a radially inner edge of the support disc .