A device for implementing super-resolution of data, comprising: acquiring means adapted to acquire a photon detection number distribution of an image acquired from an imaging optical system by determining the detection number of photons in each of a plurality of images which are captured such that the photons can be counted; recovering means adapted to acquire an estimated image from the photon detection distribution using a predetermined IPSF, which is an inverse function of a point spread function PSF; characterized in that the device further comprises: evaluation value calculating means adapted to calculate, in relation to each of the estimated image and a plurality of images similar to the estimated image, an evaluation value indicating a likelihood that the estimated image is an actual image representing true appearance of an observation object; and outputting means adapted to generate and output a physical parameter with which the evaluation value is at least a significance level, wherein the PSF is generated from an image capturing a point light source, wherein the IPSF is generated, using out-of-band extrapolation, from the PSF and the image capturing the point light source. wherein the physical parameter is an image, and wherein the outputting means is adapted to perform a binning process based on the estimated image and a plurality of images similar to the estimated image, and to generate and output an image of which the evaluation value is at least a significance level. acquiring means adapted to acquire a photon detection number distribution of an image acquired from an imaging optical system by determining the detection number of photons in each of a plurality of images which are captured such that the photons can be counted; recovering means adapted to acquire an estimated image from the photon detection distribution using a predetermined IPSF, which is an inverse function of a point spread function PSF; characterized in that the device further comprises: evaluation value calculating means adapted to calculate, in relation to each of the estimated image and a plurality of images similar to the estimated image, an evaluation value indicating a likelihood that the estimated image is an actual image representing true appearance of an observation object; and outputting means adapted to generate and output a physical parameter with which the evaluation value is at least a significance level, wherein the PSF is generated from an image capturing a point light source, wherein the IPSF is generated, using out-of-band extrapolation, from the PSF and the image capturing the point light source. wherein the physical parameter is an image, and wherein the outputting means is adapted to perform a binning process based on the estimated image and a plurality of images similar to the estimated image, and to generate and output an image of which the evaluation value is at least a significance level. evaluation value calculating means adapted to calculate, in relation to each of the estimated image and a plurality of images similar to the estimated image, an evaluation value indicating a likelihood that the estimated image is an actual image representing true appearance of an observation object; and outputting means adapted to generate and output a physical parameter with which the evaluation value is at least a significance level, wherein the PSF is generated from an image capturing a point light source, wherein the IPSF is generated, using out-of-band extrapolation, from the PSF and the image capturing the point light source. wherein the physical parameter is an image, and wherein the outputting means is adapted to perform a binning process based on the estimated image and a plurality of images similar to the estimated image, and to generate and output an image of which the evaluation value is at least a significance level. <EOS>