A lathe comprising: a spindle which rotates a workpiece on a spindle axis (AX1); a turret head having a plurality of turret surfaces to which a tool unit (U0) is radially attached around an indexing axis (AX2), to at least part of the turret surfaces the tool unit (U0) being attached in a plurality of attaching positions provided in an indexing axis direction (D2) along the indexing axis (AX2); and a tool unit switching driving unit which rotates the turret head on the indexing axis (AX2) and moves the turret head in the indexing axis direction (D2) to switch the tool units (U0) for use to machine the workpiece, an opposite tool post , a turret driver comprising a Y-axis direction feeding mechanism bidirectionally moving the turret head in the indexing axis direction (D2), an X-axis direction feeding mechanism bidirectionally moving the turret head and the Y-axis direction feeding mechanism in a direction the turret head and the opposite tool post facing each other, the direction being different from the indexing axis direction (D2) and a spindle axis direction (D1) parallel to the spindle axis (AX1), and a Z-axis direction feeding mechanism bidirectionally moving the turret head , the Y-axis direction feeding mechanism , and the X-axis direction feeding mechanism in the spindle axis direction (D1), characterised in that the turret head , the Y-axis direction feeding mechanism , the X-axis direction feeding mechanism , and the Z-axis direction feeding mechanism are sequentially stacked in the indexing axis direction (D2) which is a vertical direction with respect to a base of the lathe . a spindle which rotates a workpiece on a spindle axis (AX1); a turret head having a plurality of turret surfaces to which a tool unit (U0) is radially attached around an indexing axis (AX2), to at least part of the turret surfaces the tool unit (U0) being attached in a plurality of attaching positions provided in an indexing axis direction (D2) along the indexing axis (AX2); and a tool unit switching driving unit which rotates the turret head on the indexing axis (AX2) and moves the turret head in the indexing axis direction (D2) to switch the tool units (U0) for use to machine the workpiece, an opposite tool post , a turret driver comprising a Y-axis direction feeding mechanism bidirectionally moving the turret head in the indexing axis direction (D2), an X-axis direction feeding mechanism bidirectionally moving the turret head and the Y-axis direction feeding mechanism in a direction the turret head and the opposite tool post facing each other, the direction being different from the indexing axis direction (D2) and a spindle axis direction (D1) parallel to the spindle axis (AX1), and a Z-axis direction feeding mechanism bidirectionally moving the turret head , the Y-axis direction feeding mechanism , and the X-axis direction feeding mechanism in the spindle axis direction (D1), characterised in that the turret head , the Y-axis direction feeding mechanism , the X-axis direction feeding mechanism , and the Z-axis direction feeding mechanism are sequentially stacked in the indexing axis direction (D2) which is a vertical direction with respect to a base of the lathe . <EOS>