Method for coding at least one image (IC j ) subdivided into blocks, implementing, for a current block (B u ) to be coded, the steps of: - predicting (C3) the current block in accordance with a prediction mode selected from among a plurality of predetermined prediction modes (MP 0 , MP 1 ,..., MP v ,..., MP Q ), - obtaining (C3) a predictor block (BP opt ), - determining (C4) a block of residual data (BR u ) representative of the difference between the predictor block obtained and the current block, said residual data being likely to have an amplitude and a sign, - calculating (C5) a transformed block (Bt u ) by transformation of the block of residual data, - calculating (C6) a block of NxN quantized coefficients (Bq u ) by quantising the transformed block, - covering (C7), in a predefined order, the quantized coefficients, after which a one-dimensional vector of N 2 coefficients (ε 0 , ε 1 ,..., ε i ,..., ε N 2 -1) is obtained, - entropically coding (C8) the amplitude information associated with each of said coefficients, - scanning (C9) the N 2 coefficients in a predetermined order, - selecting (C9), in said predetermined order, K first coefficients assigned a non-zero amplitude and a sign, in which K is a predetermined value such that 0≤K≤N 2 -1, - obtaining (C11) K predicted values (Sp 1 , Sp 2 ,..., Sp K ) of the sign of, respectively, the K first coefficients scanned, - calculating (C12) information representative of the difference between said K predicted sign values (Sp 1 , SP 2 ,..., Sp K ) and, respectively, the corresponding sign values (S 1 ,S 2 ,..., S K ) of the K first coefficients scanned, - coding (C13) said calculated information, - coding (C10) the signs of the coefficients which have not been selected, said coding method being characterized in that the scanning step (C9) selects said predetermined order as a function of said selected prediction mode. - predicting (C3) the current block in accordance with a prediction mode selected from among a plurality of predetermined prediction modes (MP 0 , MP 1 ,..., MP v ,..., MP Q ), - obtaining (C3) a predictor block (BP opt ), - determining (C4) a block of residual data (BR u ) representative of the difference between the predictor block obtained and the current block, said residual data being likely to have an amplitude and a sign, - calculating (C5) a transformed block (Bt u ) by transformation of the block of residual data, - calculating (C6) a block of NxN quantized coefficients (Bq u ) by quantising the transformed block, - covering (C7), in a predefined order, the quantized coefficients, after which a one-dimensional vector of N 2 coefficients (ε 0 , ε 1 ,..., ε i ,..., ε N 2 -1) is obtained, - entropically coding (C8) the amplitude information associated with each of said coefficients, - scanning (C9) the N 2 coefficients in a predetermined order, - selecting (C9), in said predetermined order, K first coefficients assigned a non-zero amplitude and a sign, in which K is a predetermined value such that 0≤K≤N 2 -1, - obtaining (C11) K predicted values (Sp 1 , Sp 2 ,..., Sp K ) of the sign of, respectively, the K first coefficients scanned, - calculating (C12) information representative of the difference between said K predicted sign values (Sp 1 , SP 2 ,..., Sp K ) and, respectively, the corresponding sign values (S 1 ,S 2 ,..., S K ) of the K first coefficients scanned, - coding (C13) said calculated information, - coding (C10) the signs of the coefficients which have not been selected, <EOS>