A glass-based article comprising: a glass-based substrate having a first surface and a second surface opposing the first surface defining a substrate thickness (t) in a range of 0.1 millimeters to 3 millimeters, the glass-based substrate having a compressive region having a first compressive stress CS maximum at the first surface of the glass-based article extending to a depth of compression (DOC) and second local CS maximum at a depth of at least 25 μm from the first surface, wherein the glass-based substrate comprises a glass-based core substrate having a first side and a second side, the glass-based core substrate sandwiched between a glass-based first cladding substrate and a glass-based second cladding substrate, the first cladding substrate and second cladding substrate directly bonded to the first side and the second cladding substrate directly bonded to the second side; wherein the core substrate comprises a first glass composition and the first cladding substrate and the second cladding substrate each comprises a second glass composition, wherein the first glass composition is different from the second glass composition; wherein the first glass composition has a first ion diffusivity and the second glass composition each has a second ion diffusivity, and the first ion diffusivity and second ion diffusivity are different; wherein the first glass composition has a first coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) and the second glass composition each has a second coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE), and the first CTE and second CTE are different; and wherein the second CTE is higher than the first CTE. a glass-based substrate having a first surface and a second surface opposing the first surface defining a substrate thickness (t) in a range of 0.1 millimeters to 3 millimeters, the glass-based substrate having a compressive region having a first compressive stress CS maximum at the first surface of the glass-based article extending to a depth of compression (DOC) and second local CS maximum at a depth of at least 25 μm from the first surface, wherein the glass-based substrate comprises a glass-based core substrate having a first side and a second side, the glass-based core substrate sandwiched between a glass-based first cladding substrate and a glass-based second cladding substrate, the first cladding substrate and second cladding substrate directly bonded to the first side and the second cladding substrate directly bonded to the second side; wherein the core substrate comprises a first glass composition and the first cladding substrate and the second cladding substrate each comprises a second glass composition, wherein the first glass composition is different from the second glass composition; wherein the first glass composition has a first ion diffusivity and the second glass composition each has a second ion diffusivity, and the first ion diffusivity and second ion diffusivity are different; wherein the first glass composition has a first coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) and the second glass composition each has a second coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE), and the first CTE and second CTE are different; and wherein the second CTE is higher than the first CTE. <EOS>