A molten metal anode solid oxide fuel cell (MMA-SOFC) system comprising: a first MMA-SOFC comprising a first cathode , a first molten metal anode , and a first solid electrolyte disposed between the first cathode and the first molten metal anode ; a second MMA-SOFC comprising a second cathode , a second molten metal anode , and a second solid electrolyte disposed between the second cathode and the second molten metal anode ; a molten metal conduit configured to deliver molten metal from the first molten metal anode to the second molten metal anode ; a fuel contactor integral with the first MMA-SOFC or in fluid communication with the first MMA-SOFC ; and one or more external electric circuits , wherein the first molten metal anode comprises an oxidation region configured to oxidize the molten metal to produce metal oxides and electrons, the fuel contactor comprises a regeneration region configured to reduce the metal oxides and produces metal sulfides in the molten metal upon reaction with sulfur-containing fuel; the second molten metal anode is configured to oxidize the metal sulfides in the metal sulfides-containing molten metal to produce metals and electrons; the external electric circuits are configured to generate power from the electrons produced in both the first MMA-SOFC and the second MMA-SOFC ; characterized in that a solid metal anode is disposed between the second molten metal anode and the second solid electrolyte , and wherein the solid metal anode comprises metal selected from the group consisting of iron (Fe), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), cobalt (Co), and combinations thereof. a first MMA-SOFC comprising a first cathode , a first molten metal anode , and a first solid electrolyte disposed between the first cathode and the first molten metal anode ; a second MMA-SOFC comprising a second cathode , a second molten metal anode , and a second solid electrolyte disposed between the second cathode and the second molten metal anode ; a molten metal conduit configured to deliver molten metal from the first molten metal anode to the second molten metal anode ; a fuel contactor integral with the first MMA-SOFC or in fluid communication with the first MMA-SOFC ; and one or more external electric circuits , wherein the first molten metal anode comprises an oxidation region configured to oxidize the molten metal to produce metal oxides and electrons, the fuel contactor comprises a regeneration region configured to reduce the metal oxides and produces metal sulfides in the molten metal upon reaction with sulfur-containing fuel; the second molten metal anode is configured to oxidize the metal sulfides in the metal sulfides-containing molten metal to produce metals and electrons; the external electric circuits are configured to generate power from the electrons produced in both the first MMA-SOFC and the second MMA-SOFC ; characterized in that a solid metal anode is disposed between the second molten metal anode and the second solid electrolyte , and wherein the solid metal anode comprises metal selected from the group consisting of iron (Fe), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), cobalt (Co), and combinations thereof. the first molten metal anode comprises an oxidation region configured to oxidize the molten metal to produce metal oxides and electrons, the fuel contactor comprises a regeneration region configured to reduce the metal oxides and produces metal sulfides in the molten metal upon reaction with sulfur-containing fuel; the second molten metal anode is configured to oxidize the metal sulfides in the metal sulfides-containing molten metal to produce metals and electrons; the external electric circuits are configured to generate power from the electrons produced in both the first MMA-SOFC and the second MMA-SOFC ; <EOS>