A compound having a structure comprising a substituted cyclopentadiene core flanked by four arylamine based moieties, having one of the formulas (I) and (II), - wherein Z = -CH 2 -, or O or S or Se; - wherein R 1 is selected from C1-C20 linear or branched alkyl chains or alkoxy chains of formula , - where X = (CH 2 ) n NR x 3+ M - ; PR x 3+ M - ; SO 3 R x , - where R x is selected from C1-C20 linear or branched alkyl chains, - where M - represents a counterion, and - where n = 0 to 20; - wherein Ar 1 , Ar 2 , Ar 3 and Ar 4 are identical or different moieties selected from aromatic or heteroaromatic ring systems having one or more aromatic rings comprising 5 to 40 ring atoms and one or more of the atoms or groups independently selected from C, N, O, S, Se, SiR' 2 , or NR' wherein R' is selected from C1-C20 alkyl, C2-C20 alkenyl, C2-C20 alkynyl, C4-C20 unsubstituted and substituted aryl, and C1-C20 fluoroalkyl group, wherein said alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, and fluoroalkyl, if they comprise 3 or more carbons may be linear, branched or cyclic; and - wherein Ar n1 -Ar n2 (with n =1, 2, 3, or 4) are identical or different moieties selected from aromatic or heteroaromatic ring systems having one or more aromatic rings comprising 5 to 40 ring atoms and one or more of the atoms or groups independently selected from C, N, O, S, Se, SiR' 2 , or NR', wherein R' is selected from C1-C20 alkyl, C2-C20 alkenyl, C2-C20 alkynyl, C4-C20 unsubstituted and substituted aryl, and C1-C20 fluoroalkyl group, wherein said alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, and fluoroalkyl, if they comprise 3 or more carbons may be linear, branched or cyclic. - wherein Z = -CH 2 -, or O or S or Se; - wherein R 1 is selected from C1-C20 linear or branched alkyl chains or alkoxy chains of formula , - where X = (CH 2 ) n NR x 3+ M - ; PR x 3+ M - ; SO 3 R x , - where R x is selected from C1-C20 linear or branched alkyl chains, - where M - represents a counterion, and - where n = 0 to 20; - where X = (CH 2 ) n NR x 3+ M - ; PR x 3+ M - ; SO 3 R x , - where R x is selected from C1-C20 linear or branched alkyl chains, - where M - represents a counterion, and - where n = 0 to 20; - wherein Ar 1 , Ar 2 , Ar 3 and Ar 4 are identical or different moieties selected from aromatic or heteroaromatic ring systems having one or more aromatic rings comprising 5 to 40 ring atoms and one or more of the atoms or groups independently selected from C, N, O, S, Se, SiR' 2 , or NR' wherein R' is selected from C1-C20 alkyl, C2-C20 alkenyl, C2-C20 alkynyl, C4-C20 unsubstituted and substituted aryl, and C1-C20 fluoroalkyl group, wherein said alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, and fluoroalkyl, if they comprise 3 or more carbons may be linear, branched or cyclic; and - wherein Ar n1 -Ar n2 (with n =1, 2, 3, or 4) are identical or different moieties selected from aromatic or heteroaromatic ring systems having one or more aromatic rings comprising 5 to 40 ring atoms and one or more of the atoms or groups independently selected from C, N, O, S, Se, SiR' 2 , or NR', wherein R' is selected from C1-C20 alkyl, C2-C20 alkenyl, C2-C20 alkynyl, C4-C20 unsubstituted and substituted aryl, and C1-C20 fluoroalkyl group, wherein said alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, and fluoroalkyl, if they comprise 3 or more carbons may be linear, branched or cyclic. <EOS>