A system for performing image motion compensation, the system comprising: a light source configured to provide pulsed illumination to an object; an imaging unit configured to capture, while the object is illuminated by the pulsed illumination from the light source, a plurality of images of the object, wherein the plurality of images comprises at least a first image, a second image, and a third image, characterized by wherein the first and second images are captured by the imaging unit during an on-phase of the pulsed illumination from the light source, and the third image is captured by the imaging unit during an off-phase of the pulsed illumination from the light source; a control unit configured to: determine, based on pixel information of at least a section in the first image and pixel information of at least a corresponding section in the second image, a first motion map indicating an estimated motion between the at least section in the first image and the at least corresponding section in the second image; determine a second motion map by at least extrapolating or interpolating the first motion map, wherein the second motion map indicates an estimated motion between the at least section in the first image and at least a corresponding section in the third image, or an estimated motion between the at least corresponding section in the second image and at least a corresponding section in the third image; and generate an at least partially motion compensated image by applying the second motion map to the at least corresponding section in the third image. a light source configured to provide pulsed illumination to an object; an imaging unit configured to capture, while the object is illuminated by the pulsed illumination from the light source, a plurality of images of the object, wherein the plurality of images comprises at least a first image, a second image, and a third image, characterized by wherein the first and second images are captured by the imaging unit during an on-phase of the pulsed illumination from the light source, and the third image is captured by the imaging unit during an off-phase of the pulsed illumination from the light source; a control unit configured to: determine, based on pixel information of at least a section in the first image and pixel information of at least a corresponding section in the second image, a first motion map indicating an estimated motion between the at least section in the first image and the at least corresponding section in the second image; determine a second motion map by at least extrapolating or interpolating the first motion map, wherein the second motion map indicates an estimated motion between the at least section in the first image and at least a corresponding section in the third image, or an estimated motion between the at least corresponding section in the second image and at least a corresponding section in the third image; and generate an at least partially motion compensated image by applying the second motion map to the at least corresponding section in the third image. determine, based on pixel information of at least a section in the first image and pixel information of at least a corresponding section in the second image, a first motion map indicating an estimated motion between the at least section in the first image and the at least corresponding section in the second image; determine a second motion map by at least extrapolating or interpolating the first motion map, wherein the second motion map indicates an estimated motion between the at least section in the first image and at least a corresponding section in the third image, or an estimated motion between the at least corresponding section in the second image and at least a corresponding section in the third image; and generate an at least partially motion compensated image by applying the second motion map to the at least corresponding section in the third image. <EOS>