A surgical instrument for use with a surgical hub in a surgical procedure, wherein the surgical instrument comprises: a surgical end effector; a communication module configured to wirelessly pair the surgical instrument to the surgical hub ; a user interface and a control circuit configured to: detect a first security violation or unauthorized interaction , wherein the first security violation or unauthorized interaction is a first pairing attempt with the communication module by an unauthorized modular device or unauthorized surgical hub; cause the surgical instrument to generate a first response to the first security violation or unauthorized interaction , wherein the first response comprises issuance of a warning, or a visual and/or audible alert by the user interface ; store a record of the first security violation or unauthorized interaction ; detect a second security violation or unauthorized interaction , wherein the second security violation or unauthorized interaction is a second pairing attempt with the communication module by an unauthorized modular device or unauthorized surgical hub; and cause the surgical instrument to generate a second response to the second security violation or unauthorized interaction , wherein the second response is escalated from the first response, and wherein the second response comprises deactivating the communication module , or activating an autonomous usage mode of the surgical instrument. a surgical end effector; a communication module configured to wirelessly pair the surgical instrument to the surgical hub ; a user interface and a control circuit configured to: detect a first security violation or unauthorized interaction , wherein the first security violation or unauthorized interaction is a first pairing attempt with the communication module by an unauthorized modular device or unauthorized surgical hub; cause the surgical instrument to generate a first response to the first security violation or unauthorized interaction , wherein the first response comprises issuance of a warning, or a visual and/or audible alert by the user interface ; store a record of the first security violation or unauthorized interaction ; detect a second security violation or unauthorized interaction , wherein the second security violation or unauthorized interaction is a second pairing attempt with the communication module by an unauthorized modular device or unauthorized surgical hub; and cause the surgical instrument to generate a second response to the second security violation or unauthorized interaction , wherein the second response is escalated from the first response, and wherein the second response comprises deactivating the communication module , or activating an autonomous usage mode of the surgical instrument. detect a first security violation or unauthorized interaction , wherein the first security violation or unauthorized interaction is a first pairing attempt with the communication module by an unauthorized modular device or unauthorized surgical hub; cause the surgical instrument to generate a first response to the first security violation or unauthorized interaction , wherein the first response comprises issuance of a warning, or a visual and/or audible alert by the user interface ; store a record of the first security violation or unauthorized interaction ; detect a second security violation or unauthorized interaction , wherein the second security violation or unauthorized interaction is a second pairing attempt with the communication module by an unauthorized modular device or unauthorized surgical hub; and cause the surgical instrument to generate a second response to the second security violation or unauthorized interaction , wherein the second response is escalated from the first response, and wherein the second response comprises deactivating the communication module , or activating an autonomous usage mode of the surgical instrument. <EOS>