A display apparatus comprising: a display element disposed on a substrate and comprising an emission area (EA); a thin-film encapsulation layer disposed on the display element, the thin-film encapsulation layer comprising: at least one inorganic encapsulation layer ; and at least one organic encapsulation layer ; a first insulating layer disposed on the thin-film encapsulation layer , the first insulating layer comprising: an opening that corresponds to the emission area (EA); and a refraction area (LA) defined by the opening and comprising an organic material; and a second insulating layer disposed on the first insulating layer , filling the refraction area (LA), and having a refractive index greater than a refractive index of the first insulating layer , wherein the display element comprises a first display element (OLED1) and a second display element (OLED2), the refraction area (LA) comprising: a first refraction area (LA1) corresponding to the first display element (OLED1); and a second refraction area (LA2) corresponding to the second display element (OLED2), wherein the first refraction area (LA1) and the second refraction area (LA2) are different in at least one of a relative size to a corresponding emission area (EA), a shape, and an arrangement, characterised in that the first refraction area (LA1) and the second refraction area (LA2) have an elliptical shape in a plan view, and a direction of a long axis of the first refraction area (LA1) and a direction of a long axis of the second refraction area (LA2) are different from each other. a display element disposed on a substrate and comprising an emission area (EA); a thin-film encapsulation layer disposed on the display element, the thin-film encapsulation layer comprising: at least one inorganic encapsulation layer ; and at least one organic encapsulation layer ; at least one inorganic encapsulation layer ; and at least one organic encapsulation layer ; a first insulating layer disposed on the thin-film encapsulation layer , the first insulating layer comprising: an opening that corresponds to the emission area (EA); and a refraction area (LA) defined by the opening and comprising an organic material; and an opening that corresponds to the emission area (EA); and a refraction area (LA) defined by the opening and comprising an organic material; and a second insulating layer disposed on the first insulating layer , filling the refraction area (LA), and having a refractive index greater than a refractive index of the first insulating layer , wherein the display element comprises a first display element (OLED1) and a second display element (OLED2), the refraction area (LA) comprising: a first refraction area (LA1) corresponding to the first display element (OLED1); and a second refraction area (LA2) corresponding to the second display element (OLED2), wherein the first refraction area (LA1) and the second refraction area (LA2) are different in at least one of a relative size to a corresponding emission area (EA), a shape, and an arrangement, characterised in that the first refraction area (LA1) and the second refraction area (LA2) have an elliptical shape in a plan view, and a direction of a long axis of the first refraction area (LA1) and a direction of a long axis of the second refraction area (LA2) are different from each other. <EOS>