A method for identifying a barcode on a curved surface, applied to a device for identifying a barcode on a curved surface, comprising: obtaining (S101) abstract information of a barcode on a curved surface to be identified and of an object to which the barcode on the curved surface is attached, wherein the abstract information characterizes the barcode on the curved surface and the object to which the barcode on the curved surface is attached and is used for establishing a mathematical model; establishing (S102), based on the abstract information, the mathematical model for the barcode on the curved surface and the object to which the barcode on the curved surface is attached, wherein the mathematical model comprises a three-dimensional model and N cross-sectional models of the barcode on the curved surface and the object to which the barcode on the curved surface is attached, N is a positive integer, N=Z/z, Z represents a height of the barcode on the curved surface on the three-dimensional model in a direction perpendicular to the cross sections, and z represents a height of each of the N cross-sectional models in the direction perpendicular to the cross sections; mapping (S103), according to a preset relationship, arcs of the barcode on the curved surface on the N cross-sectional models to line segments on a focal plane of the device for identifying a barcode on a curved surface respectively in an order in which the barcode on the curved surface is scanned, to obtain an image of the barcode on the curved surface on the focal plane; denoising (S104) the image of the barcode on the curved surface to obtain a processed image; and identifying (S105) the processed image of the barcode on the curved surface. obtaining (S101) abstract information of a barcode on a curved surface to be identified and of an object to which the barcode on the curved surface is attached, wherein the abstract information characterizes the barcode on the curved surface and the object to which the barcode on the curved surface is attached and is used for establishing a mathematical model; establishing (S102), based on the abstract information, the mathematical model for the barcode on the curved surface and the object to which the barcode on the curved surface is attached, wherein the mathematical model comprises a three-dimensional model and N cross-sectional models of the barcode on the curved surface and the object to which the barcode on the curved surface is attached, N is a positive integer, N=Z/z, Z represents a height of the barcode on the curved surface on the three-dimensional model in a direction perpendicular to the cross sections, and z represents a height of each of the N cross-sectional models in the direction perpendicular to the cross sections; mapping (S103), according to a preset relationship, arcs of the barcode on the curved surface on the N cross-sectional models to line segments on a focal plane of the device for identifying a barcode on a curved surface respectively in an order in which the barcode on the curved surface is scanned, to obtain an image of the barcode on the curved surface on the focal plane; denoising (S104) the image of the barcode on the curved surface to obtain a processed image; and identifying (S105) the processed image of the barcode on the curved surface. <EOS>