A road-rail dual-purpose vehicle, comprising a vehicle frame , a suspension and a single-axle bogie , wherein the vehicle frame comprises two longitudinal beams arranged in parallel; the two longitudinal beams are connected by a longitudinal beam connection plate , and a lifting airbag mounting seat is provided between the two longitudinal beams ; a load-bearing airbag insertion hole is formed on a lower cover plate (1a1) of the longitudinal beam at a position corresponding to the lifting airbag mounting seat ; a load-bearing airbag mounting seat is installed in the load-bearing airbag insertion hole, and a bearing bolster is installed on an outer side of the longitudinal beam ; the suspension comprises an axle assembly ; a lifting airbag is installed in the middle portion of the axle assembly at a front end thereof, and a primary load-bearing airbag is installed on either side of the axle assembly at a rear end thereof; a secondary load-bearing airbag is installed on a top surface of each of two primary load-bearing airbags through a supporting seat ; a top surface of the lifting airbag is installed on the lifting airbag mounting seat , and a top surface of the secondary load-bearing airbag is installed in the load-bearing airbag mounting seat ; the single-axle bogie comprises a framework , and an axle box is installed on a bottom surface of the framework at each end thereof; a wheel-axle assembly is installed between the two axle boxes , and a primary damping spring assembly is provided between the axle box and the framework ; a brake assembly is installed at each of two ends of the bottom surface of the framework at a position corresponding to a wheel of the wheel-axle assembly ; and a vehicle frame connection assembly is provided at each of two ends of a top surface of the framework , and the framework is installed on a bottom surface of the bearing bolster through the vehicle frame connection assembly . the vehicle frame comprises two longitudinal beams arranged in parallel; the two longitudinal beams are connected by a longitudinal beam connection plate , and a lifting airbag mounting seat is provided between the two longitudinal beams ; a load-bearing airbag insertion hole is formed on a lower cover plate (1a1) of the longitudinal beam at a position corresponding to the lifting airbag mounting seat ; a load-bearing airbag mounting seat is installed in the load-bearing airbag insertion hole, and a bearing bolster is installed on an outer side of the longitudinal beam ; the suspension comprises an axle assembly ; a lifting airbag is installed in the middle portion of the axle assembly at a front end thereof, and a primary load-bearing airbag is installed on either side of the axle assembly at a rear end thereof; a secondary load-bearing airbag is installed on a top surface of each of two primary load-bearing airbags through a supporting seat ; a top surface of the lifting airbag is installed on the lifting airbag mounting seat , and a top surface of the secondary load-bearing airbag is installed in the load-bearing airbag mounting seat ; the single-axle bogie comprises a framework , and an axle box is installed on a bottom surface of the framework at each end thereof; a wheel-axle assembly is installed between the two axle boxes , and a primary damping spring assembly is provided between the axle box and the framework ; a brake assembly is installed at each of two ends of the bottom surface of the framework at a position corresponding to a wheel of the wheel-axle assembly ; and a vehicle frame connection assembly is provided at each of two ends of a top surface of the framework , and the framework is installed on a bottom surface of the bearing bolster through the vehicle frame connection assembly . <EOS>