A method for determining the presence or absence of Bacterial Vaginosis (BV) in a subject, the method comprising: (a) on a sample obtained from a subject suspected of having BV, performing an assay for the detection of bacteria consisting of Lactobacillus sp., G . vaginalis, and Eggerthella sp. in the sample; (b) for each of Lactobacillus sp., G . vaginalis, and Eggerthella sp., assigning a status of either positive or negative based on the detection assay; and (c) determining the presence or absence of BV in the subject based on a combination of the assigned Lactobacillus sp. status, G . vaginalis status, and Eggerthella sp. status from step (c), wherein (i) a negative status for both G . vaginalis and Eggerthella sp. indicates the absence of BV in the subject, (ii) a positive status for both G . vaginalis and Eggerthella sp. indicates the presence of BV in the subject, (iii) if the status of Lactobacillus sp. is positive, then a negative status for at least one of G. vaginalis and Eggerthella indicates the absence of BV in the subject, and (iv) if the status of Lactobacillus sp. is negative, then a positive status for at least one of G . vaginalis and Eggerthella indicates the presence of BV in the subject, wherein the method does not include detection of bacterial genera associated with BV other than Lactobacillus sp., G . vaginalis and Eggerthella sp. (a) on a sample obtained from a subject suspected of having BV, performing an assay for the detection of bacteria consisting of Lactobacillus sp., G . vaginalis, and Eggerthella sp. in the sample; (b) for each of Lactobacillus sp., G . vaginalis, and Eggerthella sp., assigning a status of either positive or negative based on the detection assay; and (c) determining the presence or absence of BV in the subject based on a combination of the assigned Lactobacillus sp. status, G . vaginalis status, and Eggerthella sp. status from step (c), wherein (i) a negative status for both G . vaginalis and Eggerthella sp. indicates the absence of BV in the subject, (ii) a positive status for both G . vaginalis and Eggerthella sp. indicates the presence of BV in the subject, (iii) if the status of Lactobacillus sp. is positive, then a negative status for at least one of G. vaginalis and Eggerthella indicates the absence of BV in the subject, and (iv) if the status of Lactobacillus sp. is negative, then a positive status for at least one of G . vaginalis and Eggerthella indicates the presence of BV in the subject, wherein the method does not include detection of bacterial genera associated with BV other than Lactobacillus sp., G . vaginalis and Eggerthella sp. (i) a negative status for both G . vaginalis and Eggerthella sp. indicates the absence of BV in the subject, (ii) a positive status for both G . vaginalis and Eggerthella sp. indicates the presence of BV in the subject, (iii) if the status of Lactobacillus sp. is positive, then a negative status for at least one of G. vaginalis and Eggerthella indicates the absence of BV in the subject, and (iv) if the status of Lactobacillus sp. is negative, then a positive status for at least one of G . vaginalis and Eggerthella indicates the presence of BV in the subject, wherein the method does not include detection of bacterial genera associated with BV other than Lactobacillus sp., G . vaginalis and Eggerthella sp. <EOS>