mhurhangee/patent-ind-claim-en huggingface dataset:
A process for preparation of Dabigatran etexilate or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, comprising the steps of, a) treating Ethyl-3-{[(2-formyl-1-methyl-1H-benzimidazole-5 -yl)carbonyl] - (2-pyridinyl) amino }propanoate with 4-aminobenzamidine or N-hydroxy-4-aminobenzamidine and reducing in the presence of a reducing agent selected from the group consisting of sodium borohydride, sodium cyanoborohydride, sodium triacetoxy borohydride, lithium borohydride, lithium aluminium hydride and diisobutylaluminium hydride, to obtain 1-methyl-2-[N-[4-amidinophenyl]aminomethyl]-benzimidazol-5-yl-carboxylic acid-N-(2-pyridyl)-N-(2-ethoxycarbonyl ethyl) amide; b) optionally purifying said 1-methyl-2-[N-[4-amidinophenyl] aminomethyl]-benzimidazol-5-yl-carboxylic acid-N-(2-pyridyl)-N-(2-ethoxy carbonyl ethyl) amide; c) converting said 1-methyl-2-[N-[4-amidinophenyl]aminomethyl] benzimidazol-5-yl-carboxylic acid -N-(2-pyridyl) -N-(2-ethoxycarbonyl ethyl) amide to Dabigatran etexilate or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. a) treating Ethyl-3-{[(2-formyl-1-methyl-1H-benzimidazole-5 -yl)carbonyl] - (2-pyridinyl) amino }propanoate with 4-aminobenzamidine or N-hydroxy-4-aminobenzamidine and reducing in the presence of a reducing agent selected from the group consisting of sodium borohydride, sodium cyanoborohydride, sodium triacetoxy borohydride, lithium borohydride, lithium aluminium hydride and diisobutylaluminium hydride, to obtain 1-methyl-2-[N-[4-amidinophenyl]aminomethyl]-benzimidazol-5-yl-carboxylic acid-N-(2-pyridyl)-N-(2-ethoxycarbonyl ethyl) amide; b) optionally purifying said 1-methyl-2-[N-[4-amidinophenyl] aminomethyl]-benzimidazol-5-yl-carboxylic acid-N-(2-pyridyl)-N-(2-ethoxy carbonyl ethyl) amide; c) converting said 1-methyl-2-[N-[4-amidinophenyl]aminomethyl] benzimidazol-5-yl-carboxylic acid -N-(2-pyridyl) -N-(2-ethoxycarbonyl ethyl) amide to Dabigatran etexilate or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
A method for manufacturing rod-like articles for tobacco industry, the rod-like articles comprising longitudinal inserts located in a filling material, the method comprising: - feeding a continuous tape-like wrapper ; - feeding a strand of the filling material onto the moving wrapper ; - feeding an insert material , in a form of a tape having weakenings , into the strand of the filling material ; - forming a continuous rod (CR) by wrapping the wrapper around the strand of the filling material with the insert material ; - cutting the moving continuous rod (CR) into discrete rod-like articles (R) by a cutting head at a cutting plane that traverses the weakening in the tape of the insert material; the method being characterized by : - inspecting ends of the insert in the rod like article (R) cut from the continuous rod (CR) and comparing the ends with a predefined model to obtain a measure of similarity; and - depending on the similarity, adjusting the action of the cutting head with respect to the movement of the continuous rod (CR) such as to increase the similarity between the ends of the insert to the model in a following rod like article (R). - feeding a continuous tape-like wrapper ; - feeding a strand of the filling material onto the moving wrapper ; - feeding an insert material , in a form of a tape having weakenings , into the strand of the filling material ; - forming a continuous rod (CR) by wrapping the wrapper around the strand of the filling material with the insert material ; - cutting the moving continuous rod (CR) into discrete rod-like articles (R) by a cutting head at a cutting plane that traverses the weakening in the tape of the insert material; - inspecting ends of the insert in the rod like article (R) cut from the continuous rod (CR) and comparing the ends with a predefined model to obtain a measure of similarity; and - depending on the similarity, adjusting the action of the cutting head with respect to the movement of the continuous rod (CR) such as to increase the similarity between the ends of the insert to the model in a following rod like article (R).
An electromagnetic brake system comprising: a brake disc configured to be rotated together with a drive shaft of a drive motor configured to operate a vehicle wheel; an armature disc configured to be movable so as to be in close contact with or so as to be separated from one side of the brake disc ; an elastic member configured to elastically press the armature disc to the one side of the brake disc to a direction in which the armature disc is in close contact with the brake disc ; and an inductor configured to separate the armature disc from the brake disc by an electrical signal, wherein the brake disc comprises a tube portion mounted on the drive shaft , and a plate portion provided to extend in an outward direction of the tube portion to be opposite to the armature disc , wherein the outward direction extends radially from the tube portion , wherein the tube portion and the plate portion are provided as a single member in which the tube portion and the plate portion are integrally formed with each other, wherein an other side of the brake disc is directly opposite to an outward surface of the drive motor , wherein the outward surface of the drive motor faces the other side of the brake disc , wherein the brake disc comprises a first lining provided on the other side of the plate portion ; and a second lining provided on the one side of the plate portion ; characterized in that the second lining is further provided on an outer circumferential surface of the tube portion . a brake disc configured to be rotated together with a drive shaft of a drive motor configured to operate a vehicle wheel; an armature disc configured to be movable so as to be in close contact with or so as to be separated from one side of the brake disc ; an elastic member configured to elastically press the armature disc to the one side of the brake disc to a direction in which the armature disc is in close contact with the brake disc ; and an inductor configured to separate the armature disc from the brake disc by an electrical signal, wherein the brake disc comprises a tube portion mounted on the drive shaft , and a plate portion provided to extend in an outward direction of the tube portion to be opposite to the armature disc , wherein the outward direction extends radially from the tube portion , wherein the tube portion and the plate portion are provided as a single member in which the tube portion and the plate portion are integrally formed with each other, wherein an other side of the brake disc is directly opposite to an outward surface of the drive motor , wherein the outward surface of the drive motor faces the other side of the brake disc , wherein the brake disc comprises a first lining provided on the other side of the plate portion ; and a second lining provided on the one side of the plate portion ; characterized in that the second lining is further provided on an outer circumferential surface of the tube portion .
A pharmaceutical composition, comprising: a plurality of metal nanoparticles, each of the metal nanoparticles comprising: a core; and a stabilizing agent coated on a surface of the core; and at least one therapeutic agent attached to the stabilizing agent of the metal nanoparticles, wherein each of the therapeutic agent is an amphiphilic compound having at least one hydrophobic chain that interacts with the stabilizing agent, wherein the at least one therapeutic agent comprises 2-amino-2-[2-(4-octylphenyl)ethyl]-1,3-propanediol (FTY720). a core; and a stabilizing agent coated on a surface of the core; and at least one therapeutic agent attached to the stabilizing agent of the metal nanoparticles, wherein each of the therapeutic agent is an amphiphilic compound having at least one hydrophobic chain that interacts with the stabilizing agent, wherein the at least one therapeutic agent comprises 2-amino-2-[2-(4-octylphenyl)ethyl]-1,3-propanediol (FTY720).
A method for communication, wherein the method is performed by an apparatus for communication and comprises: receiving an encoded audio signal from an audio source wirelessly coupled to an interface of the apparatus ; scaling the audio signal; detecting an ambient condition with a non-audio sensor ; generating an ambient audio signal in response to the ambient condition detected by said non-audio sensor ; providing the ambient audio signal to an ambient sound analyzer which stores one or more preprogrammed ambient audio signals and to an ambient signal amplifier; scaling, by the ambient signal amplifier, the ambient audio signal; adjusting, if the ambient sound analyzer recognizes the received ambient audio signal as a preprogrammed signal, the scaling applied to at least one of the ambient audio signal and the audio signal by increasing the gain of the ambient audio signal and decreasing the gain of the audio signal; and combining the scaled ambient audio signal with the scaled audio signal, to form a combined signal which is output. receiving an encoded audio signal from an audio source wirelessly coupled to an interface of the apparatus ; scaling the audio signal; detecting an ambient condition with a non-audio sensor ; generating an ambient audio signal in response to the ambient condition detected by said non-audio sensor ; providing the ambient audio signal to an ambient sound analyzer which stores one or more preprogrammed ambient audio signals and to an ambient signal amplifier; scaling, by the ambient signal amplifier, the ambient audio signal; adjusting, if the ambient sound analyzer recognizes the received ambient audio signal as a preprogrammed signal, the scaling applied to at least one of the ambient audio signal and the audio signal by increasing the gain of the ambient audio signal and decreasing the gain of the audio signal; and combining the scaled ambient audio signal with the scaled audio signal, to form a combined signal which is output.
A method for communicating with a user equipment, UE , the method being performed by a base station , the method comprising the steps of: identifying a plurality of service types requested by the UE ; notifying the UE of configurations of a medium access control, MAC, layer and configurations of a physical, PHY, layer, wherein the MAC layer and the PHY layer are configured depending on the identified plurality of service types; and communicating with the UE based on the configurations of the MAC layer and the configurations of the PHY layer, wherein notifying the UE of the configurations of the MAC layer and the configurations of the PHY layer comprises: transmitting, to the UE , one or more data radio bearer, DRB, configurations corresponding to each of the service types, a MAC configuration corresponding to each of the service types, and a PHY configuration corresponding to each of the service types. identifying a plurality of service types requested by the UE ; notifying the UE of configurations of a medium access control, MAC, layer and configurations of a physical, PHY, layer, wherein the MAC layer and the PHY layer are configured depending on the identified plurality of service types; and communicating with the UE based on the configurations of the MAC layer and the configurations of the PHY layer, wherein notifying the UE of the configurations of the MAC layer and the configurations of the PHY layer comprises: transmitting, to the UE , one or more data radio bearer, DRB, configurations corresponding to each of the service types, a MAC configuration corresponding to each of the service types, and a PHY configuration corresponding to each of the service types.
A method of operating a meter , the method comprising: taking current and voltage measurements at a plurality of different times, the current and voltage measurements indicating a load; calculating impedances based at least in part on the current and voltage measurements; detecting an instance of the calculated impedances being over a first threshold value; characterised by : detecting a change in the calculated impedances being over a second threshold value; and determining, based at least in part on the change in the calculated impedances, whether the detected instance was caused by infrastructure degradation, or by theft. taking current and voltage measurements at a plurality of different times, the current and voltage measurements indicating a load; calculating impedances based at least in part on the current and voltage measurements; detecting an instance of the calculated impedances being over a first threshold value; characterised by : detecting a change in the calculated impedances being over a second threshold value; and determining, based at least in part on the change in the calculated impedances, whether the detected instance was caused by infrastructure degradation, or by theft. detecting a change in the calculated impedances being over a second threshold value; and determining, based at least in part on the change in the calculated impedances, whether the detected instance was caused by infrastructure degradation, or by theft.
A method in a first communication device having a plurality of protocol layers including a media access control, MAC, layer and a physical, PHY, layer, the method comprising: at the MAC layer, selecting a plurality of carriers for carrier aggregation, each of the carriers being associated to a respective hybrid automatic repeat request, HARQ, entity; and at the MAC layer, initiating a sidelink carrier reselection process by the first communication device in response to a triggering event, the triggering event comprising at least one of: there is no configured sidelink grant in any sidelink carrier; a configured sidelink grant cannot accommodate an radio link control service data unit, RLC SDU, by using a maximum allowed modulation and coding scheme, MCS, configured by upper layers for any sidelink carrier with configured sidelink grant and the MAC entity selects not to segment the RLC SDU; transmission(s) with a configured sidelink grant cannot fulfil a latency requirement of data in a sidelink logical channel for any sidelink carrier with a configured sidelink grant, and the MAC selects not to perform transmission(s) corresponding to a single MAC protocol data unit, PDU. at the MAC layer, selecting a plurality of carriers for carrier aggregation, each of the carriers being associated to a respective hybrid automatic repeat request, HARQ, entity; and at the MAC layer, initiating a sidelink carrier reselection process by the first communication device in response to a triggering event, the triggering event comprising at least one of: there is no configured sidelink grant in any sidelink carrier; a configured sidelink grant cannot accommodate an radio link control service data unit, RLC SDU, by using a maximum allowed modulation and coding scheme, MCS, configured by upper layers for any sidelink carrier with configured sidelink grant and the MAC entity selects not to segment the RLC SDU; transmission(s) with a configured sidelink grant cannot fulfil a latency requirement of data in a sidelink logical channel for any sidelink carrier with a configured sidelink grant, and the MAC selects not to perform transmission(s) corresponding to a single MAC protocol data unit, PDU. there is no configured sidelink grant in any sidelink carrier; a configured sidelink grant cannot accommodate an radio link control service data unit, RLC SDU, by using a maximum allowed modulation and coding scheme, MCS, configured by upper layers for any sidelink carrier with configured sidelink grant and the MAC entity selects not to segment the RLC SDU; transmission(s) with a configured sidelink grant cannot fulfil a latency requirement of data in a sidelink logical channel for any sidelink carrier with a configured sidelink grant, and the MAC selects not to perform transmission(s) corresponding to a single MAC protocol data unit, PDU.
A method for configuring an antenna system (110, 110a, ..., 110k) comprising individual antenna elements arranged in at least two antenna subarrays , wherein each pair of antenna subarrays has a respective first spatial separation , and wherein each pair of the individual antenna elements has a respective second spatial separation , the method being performed by a network device , the method comprising: obtaining (S102) channel measurements for each of the at least two antenna subarrays; characterised by : determining (S104) channel covariance information between the subarrays using the obtained channel measurements; determining (S106) channel covariance information between all individual antenna elements of the antenna system by interpolating the channel covariance information between the subarrays according to a spatial relation between all first spatial separations and all second spatial separations; and controlling (S108) combining of the individual antenna elements of the antenna system based on the determined channel covariance information between all the individual antenna elements. determining (S104) channel covariance information between the subarrays using the obtained channel measurements; determining (S106) channel covariance information between all individual antenna elements of the antenna system by interpolating the channel covariance information between the subarrays according to a spatial relation between all first spatial separations and all second spatial separations; and controlling (S108) combining of the individual antenna elements of the antenna system based on the determined channel covariance information between all the individual antenna elements.
A method of continuous motion digital tomosynthesis, the method comprising: exposing an object to a programed intensity x-ray beam as an x-ray source travels a pre-determined path , wherein the object is positioned between the x-ray source and a detector , the detector having a plurality of pixels; accumulating in at least a portion of the plurality of pixels a signal charge from at least a portion of the x-ray beam after it traverses the object; recording the accumulated signal charge from the plurality of pixels into a digital frame image, the digital frame image representing raw baseline data ; acquiring information on the source's position (12...21) and the detector's position when the recording of the plurality of pixels occurs; compressing the raw baseline data into a plurality of compressed views by: using a filtered back projection to group the raw baseline data into a volumetric image domain comprising a plurality of domain groups, and forming each of the plurality of compressed views by applying a fast forward projection and difference operator to a respective domain group of the volumetric image domain ; and reconstructing a volumetric breast image by processing each respective compressed view with a reconstruction process function that incorporates the acquired position information and a spatial sampling corresponding to the compressed views . exposing an object to a programed intensity x-ray beam as an x-ray source travels a pre-determined path , wherein the object is positioned between the x-ray source and a detector , the detector having a plurality of pixels; accumulating in at least a portion of the plurality of pixels a signal charge from at least a portion of the x-ray beam after it traverses the object; recording the accumulated signal charge from the plurality of pixels into a digital frame image, the digital frame image representing raw baseline data ; acquiring information on the source's position (12...21) and the detector's position when the recording of the plurality of pixels occurs; compressing the raw baseline data into a plurality of compressed views by: using a filtered back projection to group the raw baseline data into a volumetric image domain comprising a plurality of domain groups, and forming each of the plurality of compressed views by applying a fast forward projection and difference operator to a respective domain group of the volumetric image domain ; and using a filtered back projection to group the raw baseline data into a volumetric image domain comprising a plurality of domain groups, and forming each of the plurality of compressed views by applying a fast forward projection and difference operator to a respective domain group of the volumetric image domain ; and reconstructing a volumetric breast image by processing each respective compressed view with a reconstruction process function that incorporates the acquired position information and a spatial sampling corresponding to the compressed views .
Method for estimating the number of people present in a given geographical area , at least some of these people being equipped with cellular terminals communicating on at least one network, the terminals communicating in accordance with at least two predefined communication standards, the method comprising the steps of: (a) detecting, from an analysis of the traffic on the one or more networks present in said predefined area , performed using at least one traffic analyser located in this area and with a range chosen depending on the area to be covered and for each of said standards, at least one indicator representative of the activity of a terminal on this or these one or more networks and operating in accordance with at least this standard, (b) deducing, from the indicators thus detected, a count of the number of cellular terminals present in the area , (c) estimating the number of people present in said area, based at least on a correlation law between the number of cellular terminals thus counted and the corresponding number of people present in said area , characterized in that the traffic analysis comprises detecting an indicator corresponding to a response to a random access request from a cellular terminal . (a) detecting, from an analysis of the traffic on the one or more networks present in said predefined area , performed using at least one traffic analyser located in this area and with a range chosen depending on the area to be covered and for each of said standards, at least one indicator representative of the activity of a terminal on this or these one or more networks and operating in accordance with at least this standard, (b) deducing, from the indicators thus detected, a count of the number of cellular terminals present in the area , (c) estimating the number of people present in said area, based at least on a correlation law between the number of cellular terminals thus counted and the corresponding number of people present in said area , characterized in that the traffic analysis comprises detecting an indicator corresponding to a response to a random access request from a cellular terminal .