mhurhangee/patent-ind-claim-en huggingface dataset:
A process for producing calcium carbonate from a calcium-containing alkaline slag material, the process containing the steps of - extracting the alkaline slag material in a series of extraction steps, including at least 2 extractions, using extraction solvent(s) containing a salt in an aqueous solution, whereby a calcium-containing filtrate and a residual slag is formed in each extraction step, - carrying out a step of extractive grinding simultaneously with the first extraction step, - separating the residual slag from the filtrate after each extraction step, - carrying each residual slag to the following extraction in the series of extractions, to be used as raw material in said following extraction, and discarding the residual slag separated from the last extraction, - carrying each filtrate to the previous extraction in the series of extractions, to be used as extraction solvent in said previous extraction, and carrying the first filtrate, separated from the first extraction step, to a carbonating step, - carbonating calcium as calcium carbonate from the first filtrate, the first filtrate also used as the carbonation solvent, and using a carbonation gas, whereby calcium carbonate precipitates, - separating and recovering the calcium carbonate from the remaining carbonation solvent, and - recycling the remaining carbonation solvent to the last extraction step in the series of extraction steps, to be used as extraction solvent. - extracting the alkaline slag material in a series of extraction steps, including at least 2 extractions, using extraction solvent(s) containing a salt in an aqueous solution, whereby a calcium-containing filtrate and a residual slag is formed in each extraction step, - carrying out a step of extractive grinding simultaneously with the first extraction step, - separating the residual slag from the filtrate after each extraction step, - carrying each residual slag to the following extraction in the series of extractions, to be used as raw material in said following extraction, and discarding the residual slag separated from the last extraction, - carrying each filtrate to the previous extraction in the series of extractions, to be used as extraction solvent in said previous extraction, and carrying the first filtrate, separated from the first extraction step, to a carbonating step, - carbonating calcium as calcium carbonate from the first filtrate, the first filtrate also used as the carbonation solvent, and using a carbonation gas, whereby calcium carbonate precipitates, - separating and recovering the calcium carbonate from the remaining carbonation solvent, and - recycling the remaining carbonation solvent to the last extraction step in the series of extraction steps, to be used as extraction solvent.
A power supply unit for an aerosol inhaler, the power supply unit comprising: a power supply able to discharge power to a load for generating an aerosol from an aerosol source; a charger which is configured to convert power, which is input, into charging power for the power supply; a microcontroller which is configured to be able to control charging and discharging of the power supply; a circuit board on which the charger and the microcontroller are provided; a first capacitor which is provided on an input side of the charger so as to be connected in parallel with the charger to stabilize voltage to be input to the charger; and a second capacitor which is provided on an input side of the microcontroller so as to be connected in parallel with the microcontroller and is provided on an output side of the charger so as to be connected in parallel with the charger, wherein a capacity of the first capacitor is smaller than a capacity of the second capacitor. a power supply able to discharge power to a load for generating an aerosol from an aerosol source; a charger which is configured to convert power, which is input, into charging power for the power supply; a microcontroller which is configured to be able to control charging and discharging of the power supply; a circuit board on which the charger and the microcontroller are provided; a first capacitor which is provided on an input side of the charger so as to be connected in parallel with the charger to stabilize voltage to be input to the charger; and a second capacitor which is provided on an input side of the microcontroller so as to be connected in parallel with the microcontroller and is provided on an output side of the charger so as to be connected in parallel with the charger, wherein a capacity of the first capacitor is smaller than a capacity of the second capacitor.
A fastening system comprising - a filter hose with a first outer diameter for filtering dust particles; - a filter basket for internally stabilising and fastening the filter hose ; and - an attachment region arranged on a perforated filter plate for attaching the filter hose and/or the filter basket to a filter installation; - wherein the attachment region comprises a cutout for the filter hose ; - wherein the filter hose has, at one end, at least one snap-ring for the attachment to the attachment region ; - wherein the filter hose , for the attachment to the attachment region , also has two insert strips spaced apart from one another, which cover the at least one snap-ring at least over part of the area at a side edge; - wherein the filter hose has, in the region of the insert strips , a second outer diameter which is slightly larger than the first outer diameter of the filter hose ; - wherein the filter basket is made of a basket-like formed body, which has, at its upper end, at least two spring elements for the attachment to the attachment region ; - wherein the snap-ring is elastically deformable and can be brought into at least one first shape, the cross-sectional area of which is smaller than an area of the inner cross-section of the cutout of the perforated filter plate ; - wherein at least one further snap-ring is fitted beneath the insert strips on the filter hose for the stabilisation of the filter hose in the region of the spring elements . - a filter hose with a first outer diameter for filtering dust particles; - a filter basket for internally stabilising and fastening the filter hose ; and - an attachment region arranged on a perforated filter plate for attaching the filter hose and/or the filter basket to a filter installation; - wherein the attachment region comprises a cutout for the filter hose ; - wherein the filter hose has, at one end, at least one snap-ring for the attachment to the attachment region ; - wherein the filter hose , for the attachment to the attachment region , also has two insert strips spaced apart from one another, which cover the at least one snap-ring at least over part of the area at a side edge; - wherein the filter hose has, in the region of the insert strips , a second outer diameter which is slightly larger than the first outer diameter of the filter hose ; - wherein the filter basket is made of a basket-like formed body, which has, at its upper end, at least two spring elements for the attachment to the attachment region ; - wherein the snap-ring is elastically deformable and can be brought into at least one first shape, the cross-sectional area of which is smaller than an area of the inner cross-section of the cutout of the perforated filter plate ; - wherein at least one further snap-ring is fitted beneath the insert strips on the filter hose for the stabilisation of the filter hose in the region of the spring elements .
A reactor for reducing the number of pathogens in a liquid, the reactor comprising: (a) an interior cavity; (b) an entrance to the interior cavity; (c) two spaced-apart walls, wherein each of the spaced-apart walls has an interior surface, and a space between the interior surfaces, the space defining part or all of the interior cavity; (d) one or more heating elements that heat the interior surfaces of each of the spaced apart walls; and (e) a nozzle, the nozzle having an inlet and an exit into which the liquid enters the interior cavity, the nozzle projecting a flat stream of the liquid into the interior cavity. (a) an interior cavity; (b) an entrance to the interior cavity; (c) two spaced-apart walls, wherein each of the spaced-apart walls has an interior surface, and a space between the interior surfaces, the space defining part or all of the interior cavity; (d) one or more heating elements that heat the interior surfaces of each of the spaced apart walls; and (e) a nozzle, the nozzle having an inlet and an exit into which the liquid enters the interior cavity,
A pulse width modulation circuit for generating an adjustable output signal (OUT) that periodically transitions between a first and a second state with an adjustable duty cycle that continuously varies in accordance with the amplitude of a first and a second continuously adjustable analog pulse-width control voltage (V T0 , V T1 ) comprising: a first pulse generator circuit configured to generate a first pulse signal (T0) that periodically transitions at an adjustable delay that continuously varies with respect to a first adjustable clock signal (CLK0) in accordance with the amplitude of the first continuously adjustable analog pulse-width control voltage (V T0 ); a second pulse generator circuit configured to generate a second pulse signal (T1) that periodically transitions at an adjustable delay that continuously varies with respect to a second adjustable clock signal (CLK1) in accordance with the amplitude of the second continuously adjustable analog pulse-width control voltage (V T1 ); and a logic circuit configured to generate the adjustable output signal (OUT) based on both the first and the second pulse signals (T0, T1); wherein the first and the second pulse generator circuits each include an adjustable clock circuit configured to generate the first and second adjustable clock signals having an adjustable frequency which is a function of the first and second control voltage. a first pulse generator circuit configured to generate a first pulse signal (T0) that periodically transitions at an adjustable delay that continuously varies with respect to a first adjustable clock signal (CLK0) in accordance with the amplitude of the first continuously adjustable analog pulse-width control voltage (V T0 ); a second pulse generator circuit configured to generate a second pulse signal (T1) that periodically transitions at an adjustable delay that continuously varies with respect to a second adjustable clock signal (CLK1) in accordance with the amplitude of the second continuously adjustable analog pulse-width control voltage (V T1 ); and a logic circuit configured to generate the adjustable output signal (OUT) based on both the first and the second pulse signals (T0, T1); wherein the first and the second pulse generator circuits each include an adjustable clock circuit configured to generate the first and second adjustable clock signals having an adjustable frequency which is a function of the first and second control voltage.
A driving tool for driving a rod (R) in rotation, comprising a first stator , a first rotor rotated by the first stator , a first connexion means driven by the first rotor and a driving element having a first end mechanically connected to the first connexion means and a second end , characterized in that it further comprises a second stator , a second rotor rotated by the second stator , a second connexion means driven by the second rotor wherein the second connexion means is mechanically connected to the second end of the driving element , in that the driving element is an elastically deformable hollow element the diameter of which can be modified according to the relative angular position of its first end and its second end , and in that the relative angular position of the first rotor and the second rotor can vary so as to modify the relative angular position of the first end and the second end of the driving element .
A polymer for surface functionalization, comprising a recurring unit of Formula (I) and a recurring unit of Formula (II): wherein: each R 1a , R 2a , R 1b and R 2b is independently hydrogen, optionally substituted alkyl or optionally substituted phenyl; each R 3a and R 3b is independently hydrogen, optionally substituted alkyl, optionally substituted phenyl, or optionally substituted C 7-14 aralkyl; and each L 1 and L 2 is independently an optionally substituted alkylene linker or an optionally substituted heteroalkylene linker. each R 1a , R 2a , R 1b and R 2b is independently hydrogen, optionally substituted alkyl or optionally substituted phenyl; each R 3a and R 3b is independently hydrogen, optionally substituted alkyl, optionally substituted phenyl, or optionally substituted C 7-14 aralkyl; and each L 1 and L 2 is independently an optionally substituted alkylene linker or an optionally substituted heteroalkylene linker.
A method for operating an internal combustion engine , in particular a gas engine, having at least two cylinders , wherein a cylinder-specific first cylinder signal (p max , E) is acquired from each cylinder , wherein at least one combustion parameter (Q, Z) of the corresponding cylinder is controlled as a function of the first cylinder signal (p max , E), wherein a cylinder-specific reference cylinder value (p max ', E') is set for the first cylinder signal (p max , E) for each cylinder, which cylinder-specific reference cylinder value (p max ', E') comprises a statistical variable of the first cylinder signals (p max , E) of all cylinders and a cylinder-specific offset (Δm), wherein the at least one combustion parameter (Q, Z) of the cylinder is adjusted as a function of the deviation of the first cylinder signal (p max , E) from the reference cylinder value (p max ', E'), wherein the first cylinder signal (p max , E) tracks the reference cylinder value (p max ', E'), characterized in that the cylinder-specific offset (Δm) - is determined by means of a difference value characteristic mapping , wherein the difference value characteristic mapping takes into account at least one power equivalent of the output power of the internal combustion engine and/or a charge air pressure (p A ) of the internal combustion engine and - at least one of the following cylinder-specific first cylinder signals is acquired: cylinder pressure during the compression before ignition phase, air mass equivalent, centre of combustion, compression ratio, ignition delay. - is determined by means of a difference value characteristic mapping , wherein the difference value characteristic mapping takes into account at least one power equivalent of the output power of the internal combustion engine and/or a charge air pressure (p A ) of the internal combustion engine and - at least one of the following cylinder-specific first cylinder signals is acquired: cylinder pressure during the compression before ignition phase, air mass equivalent, centre of combustion, compression ratio, ignition delay.
A linear motor conveyor system comprising: a track comprising: a shaped guide rail ; a second guide rail ; and a plurality of moving elements , each of the plurality of moving elements comprising: a body ; at least two shaped bearings supported by the body and configured to match with the shaped guide rail, wherein the shaped bearings are mounted to the moving element such that the moving elements overlap along the direction of the track providing a reduced tooling pitch between the moving elements; a second set of bearings supported by the body and configured to abut against the second guide rail; characterised in that , it further comprises a bearing suspension system configured to provide a suspension to the second set of bearings, wherein the bearing suspension system comprises a rotation axis parallel to an axis of rotation of the second set of bearings configured to bias the second set of bearings towards the second guide rail and allow the second set of bearings to pivot in relation to the second guide rail while maintaining contact with the second guide rail. a track comprising: a shaped guide rail ; a second guide rail ; and a shaped guide rail ; a second guide rail ; and a plurality of moving elements , each of the plurality of moving elements comprising: a body ; at least two shaped bearings supported by the body and configured to match with the shaped guide rail, wherein the shaped bearings are mounted to the moving element such that the moving elements overlap along the direction of the track providing a reduced tooling pitch between the moving elements; a second set of bearings supported by the body and configured to abut against the second guide rail; characterised in that , it further comprises a bearing suspension system configured to provide a suspension to the second set of bearings, wherein the bearing suspension system comprises a rotation axis parallel to an axis of rotation of the second set of bearings configured to bias the second set of bearings towards the second guide rail and allow the second set of bearings to pivot in relation to the second guide rail while maintaining contact with the second guide rail. a body ; at least two shaped bearings supported by the body and configured to match with the shaped guide rail, wherein the shaped bearings are mounted to the moving element such that the moving elements overlap along the direction of the track providing a reduced tooling pitch between the moving elements; a second set of bearings supported by the body and configured to abut against the second guide rail; characterised in that , it further comprises a bearing suspension system configured to provide a suspension to the second set of bearings, wherein the bearing suspension system comprises a rotation axis parallel to an axis of rotation of the second set of bearings configured to bias the second set of bearings towards the second guide rail and allow the second set of bearings to pivot in relation to the second guide rail while maintaining contact with the second guide rail.
A straddle-type vehicle comprising an exhaust apparatus configured to purify exhaust gas exhausted from an engine through an exhaust pipe , the exhaust apparatus comprising: a chamber disposed below the engine ; an inlet pipe configured to guide exhaust gas from the exhaust pipe to the chamber ; a tail pipe configured to discharge the exhaust gas from the chamber to an outside; a first partition wall partitioning an inside of the chamber to a pair of left and right spaces; and a second partition wall partitioning one of the pair of left and right spaces to a pair of front and rear spaces, characterized in that another of the pair of left and right spaces is defined as a first expansion chamber into which the inlet pipe enters, a rear space of the pair of front and rear spaces is defined as a second expansion chamber disposed downstream of the first expansion chamber , and a front space of the pair of front and rear spaces is defined as a third expansion chamber disposed downstream of the second expansion chamber , and the tail pipe enters into the third expansion chamber . a chamber disposed below the engine ; an inlet pipe configured to guide exhaust gas from the exhaust pipe to the chamber ; a tail pipe configured to discharge the exhaust gas from the chamber to an outside; a first partition wall partitioning an inside of the chamber to a pair of left and right spaces; and a second partition wall partitioning one of the pair of left and right spaces to a pair of front and rear spaces, characterized in that another of the pair of left and right spaces is defined as a first expansion chamber into which the inlet pipe enters, a rear space of the pair of front and rear spaces is defined as a second expansion chamber disposed downstream of the first expansion chamber , and a front space of the pair of front and rear spaces is defined as a third expansion chamber disposed downstream of the second expansion chamber , and the tail pipe enters into the third expansion chamber .
Process for the isolation of levulinic acid obtained by acid catalyzed hydrolysis of a C6-carbohydrate-containing feedstock , comprising the following steps: a) Providing a solution 1 comprising at least 5 wt% of levulinic acid, at least 0.1 wt% of formic acid and at most 94.9 wt% of solvent, relative to the total weight of solution 1, b) Feeding solution 1 to a first evaporation step to treat solution 1 and to obtain solution 2, comprising at least 25 wt% of levulinic acid, less than 20 wt% of solvent and at least 1 wt% of formic acid, relative to the total weight of solution 2, c) Feeding solution 2 to a second evaporation step to treat solution 2 and to obtain solution 3, comprising at least 30 wt% of levulinic acid and less than 1.0 wt% of formic acid the total weight of solution 3, d) Feeding solution 3 to a third evaporation step to treat solution 3 and to obtain levulinic acid with a purity of at least 90 wt% and containing less than 1000 wppm angelica lactone; and wherein said first evaporation step b is conducted using a forced circulation evaporator; wherein at least one evaporator is present in each evaporation step and an evaporator in the second evaporation step is a first agitated thin film evaporator and an evaporator in the third evaporation step is a second agitated thin film evaporator. a) Providing a solution 1 comprising at least 5 wt% of levulinic acid, at least 0.1 wt% of formic acid and at most 94.9 wt% of solvent, relative to the total weight of solution 1, b) Feeding solution 1 to a first evaporation step to treat solution 1 and to obtain solution 2, comprising at least 25 wt% of levulinic acid, less than 20 wt% of solvent and at least 1 wt% of formic acid, relative to the total weight of solution 2, c) Feeding solution 2 to a second evaporation step to treat solution 2 and to obtain solution 3, comprising at least 30 wt% of levulinic acid and less than 1.0 wt% of formic acid the total weight of solution 3, d) Feeding solution 3 to a third evaporation step to treat solution 3 and to obtain levulinic acid with a purity of at least 90 wt% and containing less than 1000 wppm angelica lactone; and wherein said first evaporation step b is conducted using a forced circulation evaporator; wherein at least one evaporator is present in each evaporation step and an evaporator in the second evaporation step is a first agitated thin film evaporator and an evaporator in the third evaporation step is a second agitated thin film evaporator.