mhurhangee/patent-ind-claim-en huggingface dataset:
A process for separating lignin and volatile reaction products such as DMS from a black liquor deriving from pulp production, in which lignin contained in the black liquor is demethylated in a heat treatment reactor and CH 3 + ions separated out of the lignin are reacted with reduced sulphur-containing components from cooking chemicals contained in the black liquor to form DMS and DMS is withdrawn from the heat treatment reactor , characterized in that a rise in pressure in the heat treatment reactor is controlled and DMS as well as other possible volatile or gaseous reaction products are withdrawn therefrom, repeatedly where necessary, when a pressure of ≥ 15 bar to approximately ≤ 40 bar, preferably ≤ 30 bar, is reached in the heat treatment reactor , in that the black liquor which is depleted in DMS as well as other possible volatile reaction products is transferred to a first precipitation stage and CO 2 and/or sulphur-containing reaction products are added in order to precipitate out a slurry containing demethylated lignin, in that the slurry containing demethylated lignin is transferred into a second precipitation stage with at least one sulphur-containing acidifying agent and in that the precipitated crude slurry containing demethylated lignin is discharged from the second precipitation stage and supplied to a demethylated lignin separation step and also at least a portion of the withdrawn other volatile reaction products, in particular sulphur-containing reaction products, is recycled to the process.
A toggle for rigging of a boat or a crane, comprising a) a first coupling end i. comprising a first coupling means providing a first axis of engagement ; and b) a second coupling end i. comprising a second coupling means providing a second axis of engagement ; c) the first and the second coupling means arranged a distance apart from each other; d) a closed-loop connecting means i. made from a fibre-reinforced plastic, ii. comprising a plurality of fibrous layers laying one above the other in a local stacking direction (v), and iii. wherein between the first and the second coupling means the closed-loop connecting means is twisted such that the local stacking direction (v) rotates approximately 90° about the local longitudinal direction (w) of the closed-loop connecting means ; e) the closed-loop connecting means loops about the first axis of engagement and f) the closed-loop connecting means loops about the second axis of engagement , g) thereby mechanically interconnecting the first coupling means with the second coupling means . a) a first coupling end i. comprising a first coupling means providing a first axis of engagement ; and i. comprising a first coupling means providing a first axis of engagement ; and b) a second coupling end i. comprising a second coupling means providing a second axis of engagement ; i. comprising a second coupling means providing a second axis of engagement ; c) the first and the second coupling means arranged a distance apart from each other; d) a closed-loop connecting means i. made from a fibre-reinforced plastic, ii. comprising a plurality of fibrous layers laying one above the other in a local stacking direction (v), and iii. wherein between the first and the second coupling means the closed-loop connecting means is twisted such that the local stacking direction (v) rotates approximately 90° about the local longitudinal direction (w) of the closed-loop connecting means ; i. made from a fibre-reinforced plastic, ii. comprising a plurality of fibrous layers laying one above the other in a local stacking direction (v), and iii. wherein between the first and the second coupling means the closed-loop connecting means is twisted such that the local stacking direction (v) rotates approximately 90° about the local longitudinal direction (w) of the closed-loop connecting means ; e) the closed-loop connecting means loops about the first axis of engagement and f) the closed-loop connecting means loops about the second axis of engagement , g) thereby mechanically interconnecting the first coupling means with the second coupling means .
A method of wireless communication, the method implemented by a master base station, MBS, for serving a mobile station, MS, with a set of base stations including the master base station and at least a cooperative base station, SBS1, the method comprising: transmitting to the cooperative base station an addition-request message with respect to the set of base stations ; receiving an accept message in response to the addition-request message from the cooperative base station; and in response to receiving the accept message, providing a communication service to the mobile station in cooperation with the cooperative base station. transmitting to the cooperative base station an addition-request message with respect to the set of base stations ; receiving an accept message in response to the addition-request message from the cooperative base station; and in response to receiving the accept message, providing a communication service to the mobile station in cooperation with the cooperative base station.
Starter for a combustion engine of a motor vehicle, comprising: - an electric motor comprising a yoke and a rotor mounted on a shaft , - a drive shaft able to be driven to rotate by said rotor , - a speed reducer of the epicyclic type mounted between said rotor shaft and said drive shaft , said speed reducer comprising a ring gear forming an annulus gear of said speed reducer , a pinion rotationally coupled to said rotor shaft forming a sun gear of said speed reducer , and a planet carrier rotationally coupled to said drive shaft , at least two planet gears being mounted in free rotation on said planet carrier and engaged between said sun gear and said annulus gear, - a base plate bearing said ring gear , said base plate being secured to said yoke of said electric motor and comprising: - a metal plate , - a bearing bush mounted on said drive shaft in order to rotationally guide said drive shaft , - a plastic portion overmoulded on said plate and said bearing bush to secure them to one another, - said plastic portion comprising a plastic layer between an external periphery of said bearing bush and an internal periphery of said metal plate , and - said metal plate comprising a main portion , said starter being characterized in that said metal plate further comprises a shoulder extending axially with respect to said main portion on an end situated on the side of said bearing bush . - an electric motor comprising a yoke and a rotor mounted on a shaft , - a drive shaft able to be driven to rotate by said rotor , - a speed reducer of the epicyclic type mounted between said rotor shaft and said drive shaft , said speed reducer comprising a ring gear forming an annulus gear of said speed reducer , a pinion rotationally coupled to said rotor shaft forming a sun gear of said speed reducer , and a planet carrier rotationally coupled to said drive shaft , at least two planet gears being mounted in free rotation on said planet carrier and engaged between said sun gear and said annulus gear, - a base plate bearing said ring gear , said base plate being secured to said yoke of said electric motor and comprising: - a metal plate , - a bearing bush mounted on said drive shaft in order to rotationally guide said drive shaft , - a plastic portion overmoulded on said plate and said bearing bush to secure them to one another, - said plastic portion comprising a plastic layer between an external periphery of said bearing bush and an internal periphery of said metal plate , and - said metal plate comprising a main portion ,
A sample loader for loading a liquid sample into a plurality of reaction sites within a substrate, the sample loader comprising: a first blade ; a second blade , wherein the first blade is coupled to the second blade; a flow path between the first blade and second blade configured to dispense a liquid sample to a substrate, wherein the substrate includes a plurality of reaction sites, wherein the sample loader is configured for relative lateral movement over the plurality of reaction sites whilst the sample loader is in contact with the substrate so that the liquid sample is deposited over the plurality of reaction sites, wherein the first and second blades are composed of one of the following group consisting of: polyolefins, polyurethanes, and siloxanes. a first blade ; a second blade , wherein the first blade is coupled to the second blade; a flow path between the first blade and second blade configured to dispense a liquid sample to a substrate, wherein the substrate includes a plurality of reaction sites, wherein the sample loader is configured for relative lateral movement over the plurality of reaction sites whilst the sample loader is in contact with the substrate so that the liquid sample is deposited over the plurality of reaction sites, wherein the first and second blades are composed of one of the following group consisting of: polyolefins, polyurethanes, and siloxanes.
Method for determining a vehicle state by means of an apparatus comprising sensor means and control means , wherein the method comprises the following steps of: using the sensor means to capture a current distance (dx ) between a first vehicle and a second vehicle driving in front of the first vehicle , a current speed (v 2 ) of the first vehicle and a current speed (v 2 ) of the second vehicle , using the control means to determine a length of a critical route of a first vehicle , wherein the critical route is defined such that the first vehicle driving on the critical route undershoots a minimum distance from a second vehicle driving in front of the first vehicle , which minimum distance is dependent on a speed (v 2 ) of the first vehicle , only on the entire critical route, using the control means to determine the vehicle state as critical when the length is longer than a predetermined length threshold value (P 5 ; P' 5 ). using the sensor means to capture a current distance (dx ) between a first vehicle and a second vehicle driving in front of the first vehicle , a current speed (v 2 ) of the first vehicle and a current speed (v 2 ) of the second vehicle , using the control means to determine a length of a critical route of a first vehicle , wherein the critical route is defined such that the first vehicle driving on the critical route undershoots a minimum distance from a second vehicle driving in front of the first vehicle , which minimum distance is dependent on a speed (v 2 ) of the first vehicle , only on the entire critical route, using the control means to determine the vehicle state as critical when the length is longer than a predetermined length threshold value (P 5 ; P' 5 ).
An optical trocar system, comprising: an elongated obturator member having a first diameter, the elongated obturator member having a distal region , the distal region having a first diameter section having a diameter that is substantially equal to the first diameter of the elongated obturator member; and an optical member attached to the distal region of the elongated obturator member; characterized in that the distal region of the elongated obturator member has a second diameter section having a diameter that is less than the first diameter, and the optical member is molded to the distal region of the elongated obturator member such that the optical member encapsulates the second diameter section of the elongated obturator member, that the optical member extends into the first diameter section and that an outer surface of the optical member has a diameter that is substantially the same as the outer diameter of the elongated obturator member. an elongated obturator member having a first diameter, the elongated obturator member having a distal region , the distal region having a first diameter section having a diameter that is substantially equal to the first diameter of the elongated obturator member; and an optical member attached to the distal region of the elongated obturator member;
A method comprising: receiving a bitstream comprising at least a first coded video stream, CVS, the first CVS having a plurality of temporal sub-layers and comprising a first flag that indicates whether each of the plurality of temporal sub-layers in the first CVS has a respectively corresponding set of temporal sub-layer parameters, each respective set of temporal sub-layer parameters applicable to a respective temporal sub-layer, or whether a common set of temporal sub-layer parameters is applicable to the plurality of temporal sub-layers, wherein each temporal sub-layer corresponds to a respective temporal identifier value indicating a level in a hierarchical temporal prediction structure; and characterised in that the first flag further indicates the absence or presence of specific types of VCL NAL units in the CVS, wherein a given value of the first flag specifies that TSA and STSA NAL unit types are not present in the CVS.
A method for training a deep neural network, DNN , with training data comprising training images, the method being performed by a system comprising a processing core and a graphics processor in communication with the processing core, the DNN being implemented by the processing core and including a first neural network (1503-1) and a second neural network (1503-2), the method comprising the following steps performed by the graphics processor : processing a first sub-set of said training images by the first neural network (1503-1) of the DNN , wherein equal weights are applied to the first sub-set of training images, the first neural network (1503-1) implementing a first classifier; and determining a loss (1506-1) for the first neural network (1503-1) by comparing the results of the first sub-set of the DNN of training images processed by the first neural network (1503-1) with correct results to thereby determine a classification error; adjusting weights for the second neural network (1503-2) of the DNN based on the determined loss (1506-1) for the first neural network (1503-1); and processing another second sub-set of training images by the second neural network (1503-2), wherein the adjusted weights are applied to the second sub-set of training images in said processing, the second neural network (1503-1) implementing a second classifier. processing a first sub-set of said training images by the first neural network (1503-1) of the DNN , wherein equal weights are applied to the first sub-set of training images, the first neural network (1503-1) implementing a first classifier; and determining a loss (1506-1) for the first neural network (1503-1) by comparing the results of the first sub-set of the DNN of training images processed by the first neural network (1503-1) with correct results to thereby determine a classification error; adjusting weights for the second neural network (1503-2) of the DNN based on the determined loss (1506-1) for the first neural network (1503-1); and processing another second sub-set of training images by the second neural network (1503-2), wherein the adjusted weights are applied to the second sub-set of training images in said processing, the second neural network (1503-1) implementing a second classifier.
Method for operating a ring spinning system , comprising a ring spinning machine having a plurality of spinning positions and a winding machine having a plurality of winding positions , wherein yarn is spun at one of the spinning positions and wound into a cop , the cop is automatically transported from the spinning position to one of the winding positions , the yarn is rewound from the cop onto a yarn bobbin at the winding position , and values of a parameter characteristic for the operation of the spinning position at at least two different times during the winding of the cop are automatically determined and stored as spinning data together with associated first section information identifying the yarn sections wound at the at least two different times, characterized in that values of a parameter characteristic for the yarn are automatically determined at at least two different times during the rewinding of the cop and stored as yarn data together with associated second section information identifying the yarn sections rewound at the at least two different times, the spinning data and the yarn data are automatically assigned to each other based on the respective first and second section information in such a way that they relate to the same yarn section, and an intervention is made on the ring spinning machine based on the spinning data and yarn data assigned to each other. yarn is spun at one of the spinning positions and wound into a cop , the cop is automatically transported from the spinning position to one of the winding positions , the yarn is rewound from the cop onto a yarn bobbin at the winding position , and values of a parameter characteristic for the operation of the spinning position at at least two different times during the winding of the cop are automatically determined and stored as spinning data together with associated first section information identifying the yarn sections wound at the at least two different times, characterized in that values of a parameter characteristic for the yarn are automatically determined at at least two different times during the rewinding of the cop and stored as yarn data together with associated second section information identifying the yarn sections rewound at the at least two different times, the spinning data and the yarn data are automatically assigned to each other based on the respective first and second section information in such a way that they relate to the same yarn section, and an intervention is made on the ring spinning machine based on the spinning data and yarn data assigned to each other.
A method for isomerizing an organic compound, characterized by comprising a step of selecting an alumina, so that the acid amount calculated from the amount of ammonia desorbed at a desorption temperature of at least 300°C by temperature programmed desorption of ammonia is at least 0.10 mmol/g and at most 0.25 mmol/g, a step of fluorinating the selected alumina by a fluorinating agent to obtain a partially fluorinated alumina, and a step of isomerizing, by using the obtained partially fluorinated alumina, an organic compound having at least two carbon atoms, wherein to at least one of the adjacent carbon atoms, at least one fluorine atom is bonded and to the other, at least one chlorine atom and/or hydrogen atom is bonded.
A method of measuring a transparent or translucent layer comprising: receiving data indicative of a first measurement of an optical parameter in a measurement region of a substrate , the measurement region having a first layer and a second layer , the first and second layers provided one above the other with respect to the substrate , the second layer being the transparent or translucent layer; receiving data indicative of a reference measurement, the reference measurement indicative of the optical parameter of the first layer in the absence of the second layer ; determining a difference between a value of the optical parameter of the first measurement and a value of the optical parameter of reference measurement; determining a thickness of the second layer based on the determined difference, wherein, the optical parameter is selected from a list consisting of: optical density, gloss, and dot area or halftone diameter. receiving data indicative of a first measurement of an optical parameter in a measurement region of a substrate , the measurement region having a first layer and a second layer , the first and second layers provided one above the other with respect to the substrate , the second layer being the transparent or translucent layer; receiving data indicative of a reference measurement, the reference measurement indicative of the optical parameter of the first layer in the absence of the second layer ; determining a difference between a value of the optical parameter of the first measurement and a value of the optical parameter of reference measurement; determining a thickness of the second layer based on the determined difference, wherein, the optical parameter is selected from a list consisting of: optical density, gloss, and dot area or halftone diameter.
Battery casing , with an arrangement for fixing an upper shell or a cover to a lower shell of the battery casing , which fixing arrangement has at least one fixing element by means of which, in the region of support flanges which correspond to one another and are laid one atop the other, the upper shell or the cover is connected non-positively to the lower shell , wherein the at least one fixing element is formed by a rail element having a U-shaped profile in cross-section, at least in segments, which rail element has a web and a top and a bottom chord and, from the front edge of the support flanges laid one atop the other, is slid onto said support flanges , characterized in that the rail element , in the region of the top and/or bottom chord , has at least one recess which is open to the aforesaid front edge , which recess is laterally bordered by the top and bottom chord , wherein an elevation in the immediately adjacent support flange is associated with the recess such that, as a result of sliding the rail element onto the support flanges , the rail element assumes a premounting position in that the elevation is received by the recess , and such that, as a result of a subsequent movement of the rail element in the longitudinal direction of the support flanges , the elevation is positioned in a final mounting position of the rail element below the top and bottom chord , and the rail element is non-positively connected to the support flanges .