mhurhangee/patent-ind-claim-en huggingface dataset:
A method for dewatering a solution including processing a draw solution and controlling its flow through at least one forward osmosis (FO) membrane in at least three predetermined different modes of operation including: filtration mode, followed by osmotic relaxation mode followed by pulsation mode, wherein said membrane is partially or completely submerged in a vessel or in a solar evaporation pond, wherein said filtration mode comprises filtration by forward osmosis causing water to pass through FO membrane; wherein said osmotic relaxation mode comprises a period of stop of flow of said draw solution to the membrane and said stop of flow period being determined according to precipitation intensity of scaling precipitants; and wherein the pulsation mode comprises applying a transmembrane pressure varied by the predetermined number of pulses, applied with a predetermined amplitude within the predetermined range of values, provided in the predetermined frequency during the predetermined time interval, and the number of pulses, the range of values, the frequency and the time interval being functions of the precipitation intensity to cause precipitants to lose adherence to the membrane surface. wherein said membrane is partially or completely submerged in a vessel or in a solar evaporation pond, wherein said filtration mode comprises filtration by forward osmosis causing water to pass through FO membrane; wherein said osmotic relaxation mode comprises a period of stop of flow of said draw solution to the membrane and said stop of flow period being determined according to precipitation intensity of scaling precipitants; and wherein the pulsation mode comprises applying a transmembrane pressure varied by the predetermined number of pulses, applied with a predetermined amplitude within the predetermined range of values, provided in the predetermined frequency during the predetermined time interval, and the number of pulses, the range of values, the frequency and the time interval being functions of the precipitation intensity to cause precipitants to lose adherence to the membrane surface.
A rotary valve useable in a reciprocating compressor for oil and gas industry, the rotary valve comprising: a stator , the stator having a stator opening ; a rotor , the rotor having a rotor opening ; and an actuation mechanism configured to receive a rotation motion and to actuate the rotor to perform first a translation moving away from the stator and then a rotation, characterized in that the actuation mechanism includes an outer shaft configured to receive a rotation motion, and an inner shaft located inside the outer shaft and configured to rotate the rotor , wherein the outer shaft is arranged to rotate a predetermined angular displacement while pushing the rotor away from the stator , before engaging the inner shaft to rotate together with the rotor . a stator , the stator having a stator opening ; a rotor , the rotor having a rotor opening ; and an actuation mechanism configured to receive a rotation motion and to actuate the rotor to perform first a translation moving away from the stator and then a rotation, characterized in that the actuation mechanism includes an outer shaft configured to receive a rotation motion, and an inner shaft located inside the outer shaft and configured to rotate the rotor , wherein the outer shaft is arranged to rotate a predetermined angular displacement while pushing the rotor away from the stator , before engaging the inner shaft to rotate together with the rotor .
A pepper plant (Capsicum annuum) comprising a QTL that leads to the plant producing fruits with an increased Brix level as compared to the Brix level in pepper fruits from an isogenic pepper plant not comprising said QTL, which QTL is located on LG3 and wherein said QTL is the same as a QTL that is present in the genome of plants grown from seed which was deposited at the NCIMB under NCIMB number 42139, and is linked therein to the markers SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO:3, SEQ ID NO:5, and SEQ ID NO:7 and wherein the QTL is preferably homozygously present.
A technique for monitoring heat exchanger fouling, wherein the technique comprises the steps of: providing a correlation of heat exchanger fouling to an operating variable, wherein the correlation is programmed into a maintenance system that includes a processor adapted to receive data regarding the operating variable, wherein the operating variable consists of inlet temperatures of input streams into the heat exchanger and outlet temperatures of output streams out of the heat exchanger, overall heat transfer coefficient value, speed of rotation of an air conditioning machine that includes the heat exchanger, or combinations thereof, and wherein providing the correlation comprises providing a mathematical model that uses heat exchanger effectiveness and that relies on temperatures alone to relate heat exchanger fouling to the heat exchanger effectiveness; gathering data regarding the operating variable via a sensor that is adapted to measure the operating variable; and determining that the measured operating variable corresponds to excessive heat exchanger fouling in accordance with the correlation using the processor. providing a correlation of heat exchanger fouling to an operating variable, wherein the correlation is programmed into a maintenance system that includes a processor adapted to receive data regarding the operating variable, wherein the operating variable consists of inlet temperatures of input streams into the heat exchanger and outlet temperatures of output streams out of the heat exchanger, overall heat transfer coefficient value, speed of rotation of an air conditioning machine that includes the heat exchanger, or combinations thereof, and wherein providing the correlation comprises providing a mathematical model that uses heat exchanger effectiveness and that relies on temperatures alone to relate heat exchanger fouling to the heat exchanger effectiveness; gathering data regarding the operating variable via a sensor that is adapted to measure the operating variable; and determining that the measured operating variable corresponds to excessive heat exchanger fouling in accordance with the correlation using the processor.
A plant growth system comprising: one or more plant growth substrates ; one or more detectors arranged to monitor nutrient levels of at least one of the plant growth substrates ; at least one irrigation device arranged to supply water to the plant growth substrates ; and control means connected to said detectors and said at least one irrigation device , wherein: each substrate comprising a man made vitreous fibres, MMVF, slab and a single man made vitreous fibres, MMVF, block , and the block being positioned more than 60% of the length of the slab from a drain hole of the slab, as measured from the central point of the block; the irrigation device is arranged to supply water to the block; and the supply of water by the at least one irrigation device is controlled by the control means in dependence on the monitored nutrient levels, wherein the one or more detectors are arranged to determine the nutrient content from an electrical conductivity of fluid in at least one plant growth substrate , and wherein the electrical conductivity level is maintained within a predetermined range. one or more plant growth substrates ; one or more detectors arranged to monitor nutrient levels of at least one of the plant growth substrates ; at least one irrigation device arranged to supply water to the plant growth substrates ; and control means connected to said detectors and said at least one irrigation device , each substrate comprising a man made vitreous fibres, MMVF, slab and a single man made vitreous fibres, MMVF, block , and the block being positioned more than 60% of the length of the slab from a drain hole of the slab, as measured from the central point of the block; the irrigation device is arranged to supply water to the block; and the supply of water by the at least one irrigation device is controlled by the control means in dependence on the monitored nutrient levels, wherein the one or more detectors are arranged to determine the nutrient content from an electrical conductivity of fluid in at least one plant growth substrate , and wherein the electrical conductivity level is maintained within a predetermined range.
An algorithm-based audio optimization method, wherein comprising: converting (S100) an original audio file on a time domain into an audio signal on a frequency domain through a transform in advance; extracting and matching (S200) a frequency range and an amplitude information of the audio signal with a plurality of frequency ranges and amplitude information of a plurality of different types of existing audio test standard sound sources, and thereby determining a type of the audio signal; and according to the type of the audio signal, transforming the audio signal through a matched and corresponding frequency mapping function in a function library to obtain (S300) a processed audio file, before obtaining an optimized audio file by an inverse transform of the processed audio file, characterized in that the transform is Fourier transform and the inverse transform is inverse Fourier transform; the function library comprises a first frequency mapping function and a second frequency mapping function, the first frequency mapping function and the second frequency mapping function are applied to adjust the frequency of the audio signal through making a targeted change to the audio signal frequency according to a distribution range of the audio signal frequency. converting (S100) an original audio file on a time domain into an audio signal on a frequency domain through a transform in advance; extracting and matching (S200) a frequency range and an amplitude information of the audio signal with a plurality of frequency ranges and amplitude information of a plurality of different types of existing audio test standard sound sources, and thereby determining a type of the audio signal; and according to the type of the audio signal, transforming the audio signal through a matched and corresponding frequency mapping function in a function library to obtain (S300) a processed audio file, before obtaining an optimized audio file by an inverse transform of the processed audio file, characterized in that the transform is Fourier transform and the inverse transform is inverse Fourier transform; the function library comprises a first frequency mapping function and a second frequency mapping function, the first frequency mapping function and the second frequency mapping function are applied to adjust the frequency of the audio signal through making a targeted change to the audio signal frequency according to a distribution range of the audio signal frequency.
Method for avoiding a collision of a load of a crane with an obstacle , wherein the load is moved along a trajectory , wherein a height profile is acquired at least along the trajectory by means of at least two sensors for distance measurement , characterised in that signals of the sensors are sent via at least two communication channels to a controller with at least two operating systems , of which at least one has a safety program in a secure region, wherein an obstacle along the trajectory is identified on the basis of the height profile .
A structure comprising: a reinforcing member made up of reinforcing fibers impregnated with a resin , wherein the reinforcing member includes a first region (A1) formed by irradiating the reinforcing fibers with a plasma, and a second region (A2) formed by irradiating the reinforcing fibers with a smaller amount of the plasma than the first region (A1) or without plasma irradiation, and the reinforcing member being provided such that the first region (A1) is positioned in a location that requires greater strength than the second region (A2), characterized by a core member , wherein the reinforcing member is strip-shaped, the strip-shaped reinforcing member is wound around an outer perimeter surface of the core member to constitute a reinforcing layer made up of a plurality of layers, and in the reinforcing layer , an inner perimeter side of the reinforcing layer is constituted by the first region (A1) and an outer perimeter side of the reinforcing layer is constituted from the second region (A2).
A substrate transport apparatus (200 - 204) for transporting substrates, the substrate transport apparatus comprising: a frame ; at least one transfer arm connected to the frame; at least one end effector mounted to the at least one transfer arm; and at least one substrate support pad disposed on the at least one end effector so as to hold a substrate on a predetermined contact area of the at least one substrate support pad along a common contact plane defined by the substrate on the at least one substrate support pad; characterized in that the at least one substrate support pad comprises one or more arrays of small hair-like features, all of the hair-like features being angled by a same amount with respect to a vertical axis and being all angled in a predetermined direction of increased friction, this configuration producing a predetermined coefficient of friction that is directionally variable so that the predetermined coefficient of friction, on a common portion of the at least one predetermined contact area contacting the common contact plane, has a passive variance in magnitude with respect to different coplanar directions coincident with the common contact plane to provide an increased friction force (611-613, 630-633), resulting from an increased friction coefficient, in at least the predetermined direction that is larger than a coefficient of friction in another direction. a frame ; at least one transfer arm connected to the frame; at least one end effector mounted to the at least one transfer arm; and at least one substrate support pad disposed on the at least one end effector so as to hold a substrate on a predetermined contact area of the at least one substrate support pad along a common contact plane defined by the substrate on the at least one substrate support pad; characterized in that the at least one substrate support pad comprises one or more arrays of small hair-like features, all of the hair-like features being angled by a same amount with respect to a vertical axis and being all angled in a predetermined direction of increased friction, this configuration producing a predetermined coefficient of friction that is directionally variable so that the predetermined coefficient of friction, on a common portion of the at least one predetermined contact area contacting the common contact plane, has a passive variance in magnitude with respect to different coplanar directions coincident with the common contact plane to provide an increased friction force (611-613, 630-633), resulting from an increased friction coefficient, in at least the predetermined direction that is larger than a coefficient of friction in another direction.
A hot-dip coated steel substrate coated with a layer of Sn directly topped by a zinc or an aluminum based coating, said steel substrate having the following chemical composition in weight percent: 0.10 ≤ C ≤ 0.4%, 1.2 ≤ Mn ≤ 6.0%, 0.3 ≤ Si ≤ 2.5%, Al ≤ 2.0%, and on a purely optional basis, one or more elements such as P < 0.1%, Nb ≤ 0.5 %, B ≤ 0.005%, Cr ≤ 1.0%, Mo ≤ 0.50%, Ni ≤ 1.0%, Ti ≤ 0.5%, the remainder of the composition making up of iron and inevitable impurities resulting from the elaboration, said steel substrate further comprising between 0.0001 and 0.01% by weight of Sn in the region extending from the steel substrate surface up to 10μm. 0.10 ≤ C ≤ 0.4%, 1.2 ≤ Mn ≤ 6.0%, 0.3 ≤ Si ≤ 2.5%, Al ≤ 2.0%, P < 0.1%, Nb ≤ 0.5 %, B ≤ 0.005%, Cr ≤ 1.0%, Mo ≤ 0.50%, Ni ≤ 1.0%, Ti ≤ 0.5%,
A method of decoding at least a part of an encoded image comprising a plurality of samples, each sample comprising a luma component and first and second chroma components, the encoded image comprising at least one filtering parameter, the method comprising decoding (1103-1106) the first chroma component and the second chroma component of at least one encoded sample to provide a first chroma component and a second chroma component of at least one reconstructed sample; decoding the at least one filtering parameter; and performing sample adaptive offset filtering on the at least one reconstructed sample in a loop filter ; characterised in that the image part is a Largest Coding Unit of the image and the at least one decoded filtering parameter is associated with the Largest Coding Unit, and in that when the sample adaptive offset loop filtering is of a first type at least one decoded filtering parameter other than an offset is used as a common filtering parameter for performing filtering of the first type on both the first chroma component and the second chroma component of the at least one reconstructed sample, the first type of sample adaptive offset loop filtering being one of edge-type filtering and band-type filtering, and when the sample adaptive offset loop filtering is of a second type, different from the first type, different decoded filtering parameters are used as dedicated filtering parameters for performing filtering of the second type on the first and second chroma components respectively, the second type of sample adaptive offset loop filtering being the other of edge-type filtering and band-type filtering. decoding (1103-1106) the first chroma component and the second chroma component of at least one encoded sample to provide a first chroma component and a second chroma component of at least one reconstructed sample; decoding the at least one filtering parameter; and performing sample adaptive offset filtering on the at least one reconstructed sample in a loop filter ; characterised in that the image part is a Largest Coding Unit of the image and the at least one decoded filtering parameter is associated with the Largest Coding Unit, and in that when the sample adaptive offset loop filtering is of a first type at least one decoded filtering parameter other than an offset is used as a common filtering parameter for performing filtering of the first type on both the first chroma component and the second chroma component of the at least one reconstructed sample, the first type of sample adaptive offset loop filtering being one of edge-type filtering and band-type filtering, and when the sample adaptive offset loop filtering is of a second type, different from the first type, different decoded filtering parameters are used as dedicated filtering parameters for performing filtering of the second type on the first and second chroma components respectively, the second type of sample adaptive offset loop filtering being the other of edge-type filtering and band-type filtering.
A multi-port storage system , comprising: a dynamo-electric machine (EM) with integral rotor inertia forming a primary energy storage system, the dynamo-electric machine having multiple primary stator windings (W 1 , W 2 ) configured to accept multiple AC inputs from multiple power sources, and having at least two secondary stator windings (S 1 , S 2 ) configured to deliver electric power to multiple loads at different power, frequency and voltage levels; and a secondary energy storage system (B 1 ) configured to store energy and coupled to the primary energy storage system, the secondary energy storage system configured to convert stored energy to electric power and to convert electric power to stored energy; wherein the dynamo-electric machine has a plurality of excitation windings, wherein a first of the excitation windings is configured for normal excitation of one or more steady-state loads and a second of the excitation windings is configured for pulsed excitation to power one or more rapidly changing or transient loads, and wherein the dynamo-electric machine is configured to buffer the secondary energy storage system and to adjust charging or discharging rates of the secondary energy storage system. a dynamo-electric machine (EM) with integral rotor inertia forming a primary energy storage system, the dynamo-electric machine having multiple primary stator windings (W 1 , W 2 ) configured to accept multiple AC inputs from multiple power sources, and having at least two secondary stator windings (S 1 , S 2 ) configured to deliver electric power to multiple loads at different power, frequency and voltage levels; and a secondary energy storage system (B 1 ) configured to store energy and coupled to the primary energy storage system, the secondary energy storage system configured to convert stored energy to electric power and to convert electric power to stored energy; wherein the dynamo-electric machine has a plurality of excitation windings, wherein a first of the excitation windings is configured for normal excitation of one or more steady-state loads and a second of the excitation windings is configured for pulsed excitation to power one or more rapidly changing or transient loads, and wherein the dynamo-electric machine is configured to buffer the secondary energy storage system and to adjust charging or discharging rates of the secondary energy storage system.
A method, in an encoding system , for reducing bandwidth needed by produced streams of image frames, comprising: segmenting image frames in a stream of image frames into one or more background areas and one or more objects; creating a background image frame that contains the one or more background areas; receiving a user selection from a list of object types, the user selection indicating which types of objects should be considered movable objects of interest and movable objects of non-interest; classifying at least some of the one or more objects into movable objects of interest and into movable objects of non-interest; updating, during a background update time period, the background image frame when a movable object of non-interest has moved to reveal a further background area, to include the further background area in the background image frame; creating a foreground image frame that contains the movable objects of interest, wherein the background image frame and the foreground image frame exclude the movable objects of non-interest; encoding blocks of pixels of the updated background image frame; encoding blocks of pixels of the foreground image frame; producing a stream of encoded foreground image frames having a first frame rate; and producing a stream of encoded updated background image frames having a second frame rate that is lower than the first frame rate. segmenting image frames in a stream of image frames into one or more background areas and one or more objects; creating a background image frame that contains the one or more background areas; receiving a user selection from a list of object types, the user selection indicating which types of objects should be considered movable objects of interest and movable objects of non-interest; classifying at least some of the one or more objects into movable objects of interest and into movable objects of non-interest; updating, during a background update time period, the background image frame when a movable object of non-interest has moved to reveal a further background area, to include the further background area in the background image frame; creating a foreground image frame that contains the movable objects of interest, wherein the background image frame and the foreground image frame exclude the movable objects of non-interest; encoding blocks of pixels of the updated background image frame; encoding blocks of pixels of the foreground image frame; producing a stream of encoded foreground image frames having a first frame rate; and producing a stream of encoded updated background image frames having a second frame rate that is lower than the first frame rate.