mhurhangee/patent-ind-claim-en huggingface dataset:
A method for controlling a switched electronic circuit connecting a voltage source u to a load R and forming a system having an output y and a plurality of operating modes i, at least some of which can therefore be activated by following a switching law σ, characterized in that the method comprises the steps of: - measuring state variables x of the system having equilibrium values x r ; - associating at least one error parameter p with at least one electrical operating unknown of the system so as to represent the system in the form { x ̇ = A σ x + B σ u + G σ p p ̇ = 0 A σ being the state matrix, B σ the input matrix and G σ the parameter matrix in mode i controlled by the switching law σ; - estimating the values of the parameter p on the basis of a state observer of type { z ^ ̇ = A ̃ σ z ^ + B ̃ σ u + L σ y − y ^ y ^ = C ̃ z ^ where z is a state vector such that z T = [x T , p T ] , C̃ is an observation matrix such that C̋ = [ I 0] , and L σ is a gain matrix calculated by solving a linear matrix inequality (LMI) such that the error e with time between the state vector z and its estimate ẑ tends asymptotically toward zero; - deducing therefrom estimated equilibrium values x̂ r of the state variables x; - the switching law taking the following form σ ∗ x ^ x ^ r p ^ = arg min i w T P A i x ^ + B i u + G i p ^ where w = ( x̂ - x̂ r ) and P is the solution to the Lyapunov equation. - measuring state variables x of the system having equilibrium values x r ; - associating at least one error parameter p with at least one electrical operating unknown of the system so as to represent the system in the form { x ̇ = A σ x + B σ u + G σ p p ̇ = 0 A σ being the state matrix, B σ the input matrix and G σ the parameter matrix in mode i controlled by the switching law σ; - estimating the values of the parameter p on the basis of a state observer of type { z ^ ̇ = A ̃ σ z ^ + B ̃ σ u + L σ y − y ^ y ^ = C ̃ z ^ where z is a state vector such that z T = [x T , p T ] , C̃ is an observation matrix such that C̋ = [ I 0] , and L σ is a gain matrix calculated by solving a linear matrix inequality (LMI) such that the error e with time between the state vector z and its estimate ẑ tends asymptotically toward zero; - deducing therefrom estimated equilibrium values x̂ r of the state variables x; - the switching law taking the following form σ ∗ x ^ x ^ r p ^ = arg min i w T P A i x ^ + B i u + G i p ^ where w = ( x̂ - x̂ r ) and P is the solution to the Lyapunov equation.
An electronic vapour provision device comprising: a first electrical resistive heater for vaporising a precursor material to generate vapour in an airflow for inhalation by a user; a second electrical resistive heater for vaporising the precursor material and/or heating said airflow, wherein the first electrical resistive heater has a first thermal coefficient of resistance which is less than a second thermal coefficient of resistance of the second electrical resistive heater; characterised in that the electronic vapour provision device further comprises a control system configured to monitor for a change in the resistance of at least the second electrical resistive heater wherein the second thermal coefficient of resistance is greater than 1x10 -3 K -1 at room temperature. a first electrical resistive heater for vaporising a precursor material to generate vapour in an airflow for inhalation by a user; a second electrical resistive heater for vaporising the precursor material and/or heating said airflow, wherein the first electrical resistive heater has a first thermal coefficient of resistance which is less than a second thermal coefficient of resistance of the second electrical resistive heater; characterised in that the electronic vapour provision device further comprises a control system configured to monitor for a change in the resistance of at least the second electrical resistive heater wherein the second thermal coefficient of resistance is greater than 1x10 -3 K -1 at room temperature.
A multi-purpose modular respirator comprising: an elongate filter unit having a filter inlet , a filter outlet , and a replaceable fluid filter for filtering pollutants within the fluid; an elongate exhaust unit having an exhaust inlet , an exhaust outlet , and one or more one-way valves ; an air flow generator or a neck band assembly , said neck band assembly comprising an adjusting means for adjusting the inhalation resistance; a mask assembly having a mask for covering the oral and nasal passage of a user, a mask inlet at one end of the mask, a mask outlet at an opposite end of the mask, wherein the mask inlet is releasably fastened to the filter outlet , and the mask outlet is releasably fastened to the exhaust inlet ; wherein the filter unit is located around an anterior triangle on one side of a neck and the exhaust unit is located around an anterior triangle on an opposite side of the neck, wherein the filter unit , the mask and the exhaust unit jointly form a tightly sealed passage for fluid to pass therethrough; wherein the filter inlet is connected to the air flow generator or the neck band assembly via a push-fit connector with a spring-loaded ring; and wherein the exhaust unit is connected to the air flow generator or the neck band assembly via a push-fit connector with a spring-loaded ring. an elongate filter unit having a filter inlet , a filter outlet , and a replaceable fluid filter for filtering pollutants within the fluid; an elongate exhaust unit having an exhaust inlet , an exhaust outlet , and one or more one-way valves ; an air flow generator or a neck band assembly , said neck band assembly comprising an adjusting means for adjusting the inhalation resistance; a mask assembly having a mask for covering the oral and nasal passage of a user, a mask inlet at one end of the mask, a mask outlet at an opposite end of the mask, wherein the mask inlet is releasably fastened to the filter outlet , and the mask outlet is releasably fastened to the exhaust inlet ; wherein the filter unit is located around an anterior triangle on one side of a neck and the exhaust unit is located around an anterior triangle on an opposite side of the neck, wherein the filter unit , the mask and the exhaust unit jointly form a tightly sealed passage for fluid to pass therethrough; wherein the filter inlet is connected to the air flow generator or the neck band assembly via a push-fit connector with a spring-loaded ring; and wherein the exhaust unit is connected to the air flow generator or the neck band assembly via a push-fit connector with a spring-loaded ring.
Method for calibrating an optical resonator , comprising the steps of: - generating light pulses of a known pulse frequency by means of a light pulse generation unit; - coupling the light pulses into the resonator ; - detecting light emerging from the resonator by means of a detection device for generating a detection signal dependent on the light to be detected, wherein the detection device is adapted to generate the detection signal by means of a modulator as a signal modulated with a modulation frequency, wherein the modulation frequency and the pulse frequency of the generated light pulses are synchronized with each other, wherein prior to detecting the light emerging from the resonator , a phase relationship between the pulse frequency of the generated light pulses and the modulation frequency is varied or set, and detecting the light emerging from the resonator is performed for different phase relationships and - calibrating the optical resonator based on the detection signal, wherein calibrating the optical resonator comprises establishing a phase-dependent intensity curve of the modulated signal and characterizing the established phase-dependent intensity curve using characterization parameters. - generating light pulses of a known pulse frequency by means of a light pulse generation unit; - coupling the light pulses into the resonator ; - detecting light emerging from the resonator by means of a detection device for generating a detection signal dependent on the light to be detected, wherein the detection device is adapted to generate the detection signal by means of a modulator as a signal modulated with a modulation frequency, wherein the modulation frequency and the pulse frequency of the generated light pulses are synchronized with each other, wherein prior to detecting the light emerging from the resonator , a phase relationship between the pulse frequency of the generated light pulses and the modulation frequency is varied or set, and detecting the light emerging from the resonator is performed for different phase relationships and - calibrating the optical resonator based on the detection signal, wherein calibrating the optical resonator comprises establishing a phase-dependent intensity curve of the modulated signal and characterizing the established phase-dependent intensity curve using characterization parameters.
Method of making a saddle comprising a shell and a padding comprising the steps of: (a) arranging a shell in thermoplastic polymer inside a mould for injection moulding, comprising a die and a punch ; said shell comprising a support surface , which in use faces said padding , and a supporting surface ; said supporting surface being coupled to an inner wall of said punch or said die , said support surface forming a wall of the moulding cavity; (b) closing the mould ; (c) making a padding by injection moulding a thermoplastic polymer over said shell , between said support surface and said mould ; characterized in that said padding is made by co-injection moulding of a coating which forms an outer coating of said padding and which forms the contact with the surface of said shell ; and an inner core of reduced hardness. (a) arranging a shell in thermoplastic polymer inside a mould for injection moulding, comprising a die and a punch ; said shell comprising a support surface , which in use faces said padding , and a supporting surface ; said supporting surface being coupled to an inner wall of said punch or said die , said support surface forming a wall of the moulding cavity; (b) closing the mould ; (c) making a padding by injection moulding a thermoplastic polymer over said shell , between said support surface and said mould ;
System for converting a DC electrical power into three-phase AC electrical power comprising three switching arms (A, B, C), a voltage and current variation modulation circuit comprising one capacitor per output phase alternative of said conversion system and a coil (Ls), characterized in that said conversion system comprises an electrical energy recovery module connected to said switching arms (A, B, C) and to said modulation circuit, in which said electrical energy recovery module comprises three branches connected at a junction point (P), with: - a first branch comprising a switch and a first capacitor connected between the junction point and the ground, - a second branch comprising a diode connected between the junction point and the ground, and - a third branch comprising an inductance (Lrec), and said conversion system do not implying any resistance, in which energy is dissipated, the energy recovery module being assembled inside the converting system equipped with a modulation circuit, so that the electric energy recovery module is disposed between a continuous input phase of the conversion system and the junction between the switching arm (A, B, C) and the capacitor of the modulation circuit. - a first branch comprising a switch and a first capacitor connected between the junction point and the ground, - a second branch comprising a diode connected between the junction point and the ground, and - a third branch comprising an inductance (Lrec), and said conversion system do not implying any resistance, in which energy is dissipated, the energy recovery module being assembled inside the converting system equipped with a modulation circuit, so that the electric energy recovery module is disposed between a continuous input phase of the conversion system and the junction between the switching arm (A, B, C) and the capacitor of the modulation circuit.
A ski boot comprising: a substantially rigid foot-casing which is adapted to accommodate the foot of the user and has the lower part structured so as to be able to couple with a ski binding device; a substantially rigid cuff which is adapted to enclose the lower part of the leg of the user, and pivotally joined to the foot-casing so as to be able to rotate about a reference axis (A) substantially perpendicular to the midplane of the ski boot; and a manually-operated cuff locking device which is adapted to selectively lock the cuff to the foot-casing in a predetermined downhill position; the cuff locking device comprising: a support plate placed on the cuff , above the heel of the ski boot ; a movable arm which is butt hinged onto the support plate so as to be able to rotate to and from a locking position wherein the movable arm extends downwards and couples in releasable manner to the foot-casing beneath; and an elastic counteracting member which is adapted to bring and maintain, in elastic manner, the movable arm into said locking position; the ski boot being characterised in that the head of the movable arm is additionally fixed onto the support plate with the capability of sliding on the support plate in a first direction (d) which is substantially parallel to the laying- and rotation- plane of the movable arm and locally substantially tangent to the surface of the cuff ; and in that the elastic counteracting member is also adapted to counteract in elastic manner the sliding of the movable arm on the support plate . the cuff locking device comprising: a support plate placed on the cuff , above the heel of the ski boot ; a movable arm which is butt hinged onto the support plate so as to be able to rotate to and from a locking position wherein the movable arm extends downwards and couples in releasable manner to the foot-casing beneath; and an elastic counteracting member which is adapted to bring and maintain, in elastic manner, the movable arm into said locking position; the ski boot being characterised in that the head of the movable arm is additionally fixed onto the support plate with the capability of sliding on the support plate in a first direction (d) which is substantially parallel to the laying- and rotation- plane of the movable arm and locally substantially tangent to the surface of the cuff ; and in that the elastic counteracting member is also adapted to counteract in elastic manner the sliding of the movable arm on the support plate .
A method for attaching a plastic barrel intended to guide an output shaft of a mechanical device to a housing of said mechanical device, said housing comprising a chimney delimited by an upper edge and a base , said chimney being arranged to partially surround the output shaft , the plastic barrel comprising a lateral protuberance , the method comprising at least the following steps: - inserting a first end of the plastic barrel into the chimney of the housing until the lateral protuberance axially abuts against the upper edge of the chimney , characterized in that - at least partially deforming the first end of the plastic barrel in order to form an axial counter-abutment. - inserting a first end of the plastic barrel into the chimney of the housing until the lateral protuberance axially abuts against the upper edge of the chimney , characterized in that - at least partially deforming the first end of the plastic barrel in order to form an axial counter-abutment.
An electrode comprising: - an electrode substrate , - a first layer of TiO x with a porosity in the range 0.1-2.5% on at least one surface of the electrode substrate , - a second layer of TiO x with a porosity of greater than 3 and up to 20% on the first layer of TiO x , the porosity and porosity range being measured as described in the description, an electro-catalytic layer on the second layer of TiO x ; wherein a thickness of the first layer of TiO x and/or a thickness of second layer of TiO x is at least 20μm, and wherein x is in the range 1 - 2 for the first and second layer of TiO x . - an electrode substrate , - a first layer of TiO x with a porosity in the range 0.1-2.5% on at least one surface of the electrode substrate , - a second layer of TiO x with a porosity of greater than 3 and up to 20% on the first layer of TiO x , the porosity and porosity range being measured as described in the description,
A method comprising: after detection of a trigger related to expiration of a first retention period associated with a first backup of a first type for a first dataset in a first storage tier: determining, by a computing device, one or more of a plurality of constituent data units of the first dataset that are not shared with a second backup of the first type for a second dataset based on metadata associated with the second backup, wherein the second dataset is hosted by the first storage tier and the first storage tier stores deduplicated data; and removing, by the computing device, the one or more of the constituent data units from the first storage tier after migrating the constituent data units to a second storage tier while maintaining one or more other of the constituent data units in the first storage tier, wherein the second storage tier is associated with a second retention period different from the first retention period. determining, by a computing device, one or more of a plurality of constituent data units of the first dataset that are not shared with a second backup of the first type for a second dataset based on metadata associated with the second backup, wherein the second dataset is hosted by the first storage tier and the first storage tier stores deduplicated data; and removing, by the computing device, the one or more of the constituent data units from the first storage tier after migrating the constituent data units to a second storage tier while maintaining one or more other of the constituent data units in the first storage tier, wherein the second storage tier is associated with a second retention period different from the first retention period.
A method for controlling a steer-by-wire steering system for motor vehicles comprising a steering actuator which acts on the steered wheels and is regulated electronically in a manner which is dependent on a driver's steering request, a feedback actuator which transmits feedback effects of the road to a steering wheel in the form of a self-aligning torque, and a feedback actuator monitoring unit which controls the feedback actuator , wherein a detection unit detects the operating state of whether there is hand contact by the driver on the steering wheel or not, wherein the following method steps are provided: • determining of a base self-aligning torque (T H,on ) for a first operating state, in which there is hand contact by the driver on the steering wheel; • determining of a hands-off self-aligning torque (T H,off ) for a second operating state, in which there is no hand contact by the driver on the steering wheel ; • determining of a self-aligning speed (v damp ) of the steering wheel for the first operating state and for the second operating state; characterized in that the following method steps are provided for the calculation of a resulting self-aligning torque (T damp ) of the steering wheel into a defined position in a manner which is dependent on the operating state: • determining of the resulting self-aligning torque (T damp ) on the basis of the base self-aligning torque (T H,on ) or the hands-off self-aligning torque (T H,off ), as a result of which the steering wheel rotates at the defined self-aligning speed (v damp ) into the defined position, wherein for the determination of the resulting self-aligning torque (T damp ), a weighting unit is provided which gives more weight to the base self-aligning torque (T H,on ) in the case of the first operating state and gives more weight to the hands-off self-aligning torque (T H,off ) in the case of the second operating state. • determining of a base self-aligning torque (T H,on ) for a first operating state, in which there is hand contact by the driver on the steering wheel; • determining of a hands-off self-aligning torque (T H,off ) for a second operating state, in which there is no hand contact by the driver on the steering wheel ; • determining of a self-aligning speed (v damp ) of the steering wheel for the first operating state and for the second operating state; • determining of the resulting self-aligning torque (T damp ) on the basis of the base self-aligning torque (T H,on ) or the hands-off self-aligning torque (T H,off ), as a result of which the steering wheel rotates at the defined self-aligning speed (v damp ) into the defined position, wherein for the determination of the resulting self-aligning torque (T damp ), a weighting unit is provided which gives more weight to the base self-aligning torque (T H,on ) in the case of the first operating state and gives more weight to the hands-off self-aligning torque (T H,off ) in the case of the second operating state.
A biocompatible, implantable medical device (100; 400) comprising: a collection and transport element (102; 410) comprising an anti-condensation filler (210; 412; 610; 710; 810), a permeable coating (220; 252; 260; 470; 920), and a nonpermeable coating (230; 240, 480; 510; 930), wherein: the anti-condensation filler is permeable to a predetermined class of small molecules and comprises a base (212; 820) and an elongated body (214; 620; 720; 830) extending from the base, the permeable coating is permeable to the small molecules and is over at least a portion of an external surface of the base, the nonpermeable coating is nonpermeable to the small molecules and is over at least a portion of an external surface of the elongated body; a cannula (104; 450; 900) comprising a lumen (452; 912)and a small molecule discharge bag (106; 460; 1000) comprising an interior, wherein at least a portion of the small molecule discharge bag is permeable to the small molecules; characterised in that a width of the base (212; 820) is larger than a width of the elongated body (214; 620; 720; 830). a collection and transport element (102; 410) comprising an anti-condensation filler (210; 412; 610; 710; 810), a permeable coating (220; 252; 260; 470; 920), and a nonpermeable coating (230; 240, 480; 510; 930), wherein: the anti-condensation filler is permeable to a predetermined class of small molecules and comprises a base (212; 820) and an elongated body (214; 620; 720; 830) extending from the base, the permeable coating is permeable to the small molecules and is over at least a portion of an external surface of the base, the nonpermeable coating is nonpermeable to the small molecules and is over at least a portion of an external surface of the elongated body; the anti-condensation filler is permeable to a predetermined class of small molecules and comprises a base (212; 820) and an elongated body (214; 620; 720; 830) extending from the base, the permeable coating is permeable to the small molecules and is over at least a portion of an external surface of the base, the nonpermeable coating is nonpermeable to the small molecules and is over at least a portion of an external surface of the elongated body; a cannula (104; 450; 900) comprising a lumen (452; 912)and a small molecule discharge bag (106; 460; 1000) comprising an interior, wherein at least a portion of the small molecule discharge bag is permeable to the small molecules; characterised in that a width of the base (212; 820) is larger than a width of the elongated body (214; 620; 720; 830).