A method for producing a complex of an RNA molecule encoding a peptide and the peptide encoded by the RNA molecule, said method comprising the steps of: (i) producing the RNA molecule from a DNA molecule via transcription, the DNA molecule (a) containing a promoter region and a region that is located downstream of the promoter region and encodes the peptide and (b) containing at least one 2'-modified nucleoside derivative on a 5' end side of an antisense strand that is located most downstream; (ii) binding, to a 3' end of the RNA molecule obtained in the step (i), a peptide receptor molecule with use of a splint polynucleotide as an anchorage; and (iii) performing, in an in vitro translation system containing substantially no RNA polymerase having an activity on the DNA molecule, translation of the RNA molecule, to which the peptide receptor molecule has been bound through the step (ii), to produce the complex in which the RNA molecule and the peptide encoded by the RNA molecule are linked via the peptide receptor molecule, wherein purification of the RNA molecule obtained through the step (ii) to which the peptide receptor molecule has been bounded is not carried out prior to the step (iii). said method comprising the steps of: (i) producing the RNA molecule from a DNA molecule via transcription, the DNA molecule (a) containing a promoter region and a region that is located downstream of the promoter region and encodes the peptide and (b) containing at least one 2'-modified nucleoside derivative on a 5' end side of an antisense strand that is located most downstream; (ii) binding, to a 3' end of the RNA molecule obtained in the step (i), a peptide receptor molecule with use of a splint polynucleotide as an anchorage; and (iii) performing, in an in vitro translation system containing substantially no RNA polymerase having an activity on the DNA molecule, translation of the RNA molecule, to which the peptide receptor molecule has been bound through the step (ii), to produce the complex in which the RNA molecule and the peptide encoded by the RNA molecule are linked via the peptide receptor molecule, (i) producing the RNA molecule from a DNA molecule via transcription, the DNA molecule (a) containing a promoter region and a region that is located downstream of the promoter region and encodes the peptide and (b) containing at least one 2'-modified nucleoside derivative on a 5' end side of an antisense strand that is located most downstream; (ii) binding, to a 3' end of the RNA molecule obtained in the step (i), a peptide receptor molecule with use of a splint polynucleotide as an anchorage; and (iii) performing, in an in vitro translation system containing substantially no RNA polymerase having an activity on the DNA molecule, translation of the RNA molecule, to which the peptide receptor molecule has been bound through the step (ii), to produce the complex in which the RNA molecule and the peptide encoded by the RNA molecule are linked via the peptide receptor molecule, wherein purification of the RNA molecule obtained through the step (ii) to which the peptide receptor molecule has been bounded is not carried out prior to the step (iii). <EOS>