A computer-implemented method of identifying a biomarker of a responder and a biomarker of a non-responder with a mechanistic model using individual parameters of the responder, individual parameters of the non-responder, experimentally measured target characteristic of the responder and experimentally measured target characteristic of the non-responder comprising the following steps: I) Iteratively swapping a subset of individual parameters between the responder and the non-responder and predicting target characteristics for each swapped subset of individual parameters of the responder and predicting target characteristics for each swapped subset of individual parameters of the non-responder; II) Determining deviations between the experimentally measured target characteristic of the responder and the predicted target characteristics for each swapped subset of individual parameters of the responder and determining deviations between the experimentally measured target characteristic of the non-responder and the predicted target characteristics for each swapped subset of individual parameters of the non-responder; wherein the swapped subset of individual parameters of the responder that causes a deviation of the predicted target characteristic in direction of the experimentally measured target characteristic of the non-responder is a biomarker of a responder; wherein the swapped subset of individual parameters of the non-responder that causes a deviation of the predicted target characteristic in direction of the experimentally measured target characteristic of the responder is a biomarker of a non-responder; wherein the responder and the non-responder are patients suffering from the same disease and receiving equal treatment; and wherein the responder exhibits in comparison to the non-responder a difference in the experimentally measured target characteristic which indicates that the treatment of the disease is successful and wherein the non-responder exhibits in comparison to the responder a difference in the experimentally measured target characteristic which indicates that the treatment of the disease is not successful. I) Iteratively swapping a subset of individual parameters between the responder and the non-responder and predicting target characteristics for each swapped subset of individual parameters of the responder and predicting target characteristics for each swapped subset of individual parameters of the non-responder; II) Determining deviations between the experimentally measured target characteristic of the responder and the predicted target characteristics for each swapped subset of individual parameters of the responder and determining deviations between the experimentally measured target characteristic of the non-responder and the predicted target characteristics for each swapped subset of individual parameters of the non-responder; wherein the swapped subset of individual parameters of the responder that causes a deviation of the predicted target characteristic in direction of the experimentally measured target characteristic of the non-responder is a biomarker of a responder; wherein the swapped subset of individual parameters of the non-responder that causes a deviation of the predicted target characteristic in direction of the experimentally measured target characteristic of the responder is a biomarker of a non-responder; wherein the responder and the non-responder are patients suffering from the same disease and receiving equal treatment; and wherein the responder exhibits in comparison to the non-responder a difference in the experimentally measured target characteristic which indicates that the treatment of the disease is successful and wherein the non-responder exhibits in comparison to the responder a difference in the experimentally measured target characteristic which indicates that the treatment of the disease is not successful. <EOS>