A computer-implemented method, comprising: via an encoding computer system , encoding and sending a video bitstream over a computer network to a decoding computer system , the video bitstream following a regular prediction structure when the encoding computer system is not notified of lost data from the bitstream, wherein each frame of the regular prediction structure comprises a base layer that includes a prediction that references a base layer of a previous frame and an enhancement layer that includes a prediction that references the base layer of that frame and the enhancement layer of a previous frame but does not reference the previous frame's base layer ; via the encoding computer system, receiving a notification of lost data in the bitstream, the lost data comprising data of a lost enhancement layer of a reference frame in the bitstream; in response to the notification, via the encoding computer system, dynamically encoding a dynamic anchor predicted frame comprising at least an enhancement layer of the dynamic anchor predicted frame with a prediction that references only a base layer of the dynamic anchor predicted frame , and the base layer of the dynamic anchor predicted frame comprising a prediction that references the base layer of a previously-sent frame in the bitstream and that does not reference the lost data; and via the encoding computer system, inserting the anchor predicted frame in the bitstream in a position where the regular prediction structure would have dictated inserting a different predicted frame with a prediction that would have referenced the lost enhancement layer of the reference frame according to the regular prediction structure. via an encoding computer system , encoding and sending a video bitstream over a computer network to a decoding computer system , the video bitstream following a regular prediction structure when the encoding computer system is not notified of lost data from the bitstream, wherein each frame of the regular prediction structure comprises a base layer that includes a prediction that references a base layer of a previous frame and an enhancement layer that includes a prediction that references the base layer of that frame and the enhancement layer of a previous frame but does not reference the previous frame's base layer ; via the encoding computer system, receiving a notification of lost data in the bitstream, the lost data comprising data of a lost enhancement layer of a reference frame in the bitstream; in response to the notification, via the encoding computer system, dynamically encoding a dynamic anchor predicted frame comprising at least an enhancement layer of the dynamic anchor predicted frame with a prediction that references only a base layer of the dynamic anchor predicted frame , and the base layer of the dynamic anchor predicted frame comprising a prediction that references the base layer of a previously-sent frame in the bitstream and that does not reference the lost data; and via the encoding computer system, inserting the anchor predicted frame in the bitstream in a position where the regular prediction structure would have dictated inserting a different predicted frame with a prediction that would have referenced the lost enhancement layer of the reference frame according to the regular prediction structure. <EOS>