An array substrate, comprising a plurality of recesses arranged in an array, wherein the array substrate is in a plane, and a ratio of an area of an orthographic projection of the plurality of recesses on the plane to an area of an orthographic projection of the array substrate on the plane is between 0.05 and 0.60, wherein the array substrate further comprises: a first substrate ; a defining layer on the first substrate and defining the plurality of recesses ; a shielding layer defining a plurality of openings , an orthographic projection of each of the plurality of openings on the first substrate at least partially overlapping an orthographic projection of a respective one of the plurality of recesses on the first substrate , and an orthographic projection of the shielding layer on the first substrate at least partially overlapping an orthographic projection of the defining layer on the first substrate ; a hydrophilic layer ; and a first hydrophobic layer , wherein the hydrophilic layer covers a sidewall and a bottom of each of the plurality of recesses as well as a surface of the defining layer away from the first substrate , the first hydrophobic layer is on a side of the defining layer away from the first substrate and farther away from the first substrate than the hydrophilic layer ; characterized in that , the first hydrophobic layer defines a plurality of holes , the plurality of holes , the plurality of recesses , and the plurality of openings correspond one by one with each other; both a first orthographic projection of each of the plurality of holes on the first substrate and a third orthographic projection of an opening corresponding to the hole on the first substrate are within a second orthographic projection of a recess corresponding to the hole on the first substrate , and the first orthographic projection, the second orthographic projection, and the third orthographic projection form concentric rings; and the first orthographic projection is between the second orthographic projection and the third orthographic projection, and the third orthographic projection is within the first orthographic projection. a first substrate ; a defining layer on the first substrate and defining the plurality of recesses ; a shielding layer defining a plurality of openings , an orthographic projection of each of the plurality of openings on the first substrate at least partially overlapping an orthographic projection of a respective one of the plurality of recesses on the first substrate , and an orthographic projection of the shielding layer on the first substrate at least partially overlapping an orthographic projection of the defining layer on the first substrate ; a hydrophilic layer ; and a first hydrophobic layer , wherein the hydrophilic layer covers a sidewall and a bottom of each of the plurality of recesses as well as a surface of the defining layer away from the first substrate , the first hydrophobic layer is on a side of the defining layer away from the first substrate and farther away from the first substrate than the hydrophilic layer ; characterized in that , the first hydrophobic layer defines a plurality of holes , the plurality of holes , the plurality of recesses , and the plurality of openings correspond one by one with each other; both a first orthographic projection of each of the plurality of holes on the first substrate and a third orthographic projection of an opening corresponding to the hole on the first substrate are within a second orthographic projection of a recess corresponding to the hole on the first substrate , and the first orthographic projection, the second orthographic projection, and the third orthographic projection form concentric rings; and the first orthographic projection is between the second orthographic projection and the third orthographic projection, and the third orthographic projection is within the first orthographic projection. <EOS>