A method comprising: capturing, by an image capture device of a first vehicle, a first image of a pathway article , wherein the pathway article comprises primary information that includes one or more physical properties of the pathway article configured to convey pathway information of a pathway , wherein the pathway article comprises a first optical target that includes calibration information for calibrating the image capture device of the first vehicle, wherein the calibration information is different from the one or more physical properties of the pathway article configured to convey pathway information, and wherein the calibration information is configured to be visible to the image capture device ; receiving, by a computing device of the first vehicle, the first image of the pathway article , wherein the first image includes the calibration information; determining, by the computing device of the first vehicle, whether the image capture device is calibrated based on the calibration information in the first image resulting in a calibration determination, receiving, by a computing device of a second vehicle, the first image of the pathway article or information relating to or derived from the first image of the pathway article , capturing, by an image capture device of the second vehicle, a second image of the pathway article ; receiving, by the computing device of the second vehicle, the second image of the pathway article , wherein the second image includes the calibration information; and determining, by the computing device of the second vehicle, whether the image capture device of the second vehicle is calibrated based on at least one of the calibration information in the second image, the calibration information in the first image, or information relating to or derived from the first image of the pathway article resulting in a second calibration determination. capturing, by an image capture device of a first vehicle, a first image of a pathway article , wherein the pathway article comprises primary information that includes one or more physical properties of the pathway article configured to convey pathway information of a pathway , wherein the pathway article comprises a first optical target that includes calibration information for calibrating the image capture device of the first vehicle, wherein the calibration information is different from the one or more physical properties of the pathway article configured to convey pathway information, and wherein the calibration information is configured to be visible to the image capture device ; receiving, by a computing device of the first vehicle, the first image of the pathway article , wherein the first image includes the calibration information; determining, by the computing device of the first vehicle, whether the image capture device is calibrated based on the calibration information in the first image resulting in a calibration determination, receiving, by a computing device of a second vehicle, the first image of the pathway article or information relating to or derived from the first image of the pathway article , capturing, by an image capture device of the second vehicle, a second image of the pathway article ; receiving, by the computing device of the second vehicle, the second image of the pathway article , wherein the second image includes the calibration information; and determining, by the computing device of the second vehicle, whether the image capture device of the second vehicle is calibrated based on at least one of the calibration information in the second image, the calibration information in the first image, or information relating to or derived from the first image of the pathway article resulting in a second calibration determination. <EOS>