A driver assembly comprising: a driver comprising: a controller ; a motor coupled to a power source and further coupled to the controller such that the controller can affect the motor's operation; a drive shaft coupled to the motor such that the motor can move the drive shaft; a trigger coupled to the controller and configured to activate the motor ; and a first electrode configured to be coupled to the controller by a connector ; and a drill bit configured to be coupled to the drive shaft and the controller , the drill bit comprising: an outer surface having a first end and a second end , the second end of the outer surface configured to be detachably coupled to a drill bit coupler ; a core disposed inside the outer surface , the core extending from the first end of the drill bit beyond the second end of the drill bit ; and an insulator disposed between the core and the outer surface configured to prevent electrical communication between the core and the outer surface ; where the outer surface , the insulator , and the core cooperate to form at least one tip of the drill bit ; and where the controller is configured to determine at least one of a voltage difference between the core and the first electrode and an impedance when the first electrode is coupled to the controller and at least when the driver assembly is used in a medical procedure in which the first electrode is placeable in or on a non-target area comprising biological material. a controller ; a motor coupled to a power source and further coupled to the controller such that the controller can affect the motor's operation; a drive shaft coupled to the motor such that the motor can move the drive shaft; a trigger coupled to the controller and configured to activate the motor ; and a first electrode configured to be coupled to the controller by a connector ; and a drill bit configured to be coupled to the drive shaft and the controller , the drill bit comprising: an outer surface having a first end and a second end , the second end of the outer surface configured to be detachably coupled to a drill bit coupler ; a core disposed inside the outer surface , the core extending from the first end of the drill bit beyond the second end of the drill bit ; and an insulator disposed between the core and the outer surface configured to prevent electrical communication between the core and the outer surface ; where the outer surface , the insulator , and the core cooperate to form at least one tip of the drill bit ; and where the controller is configured to determine at least one of a voltage difference between the core and the first electrode and an impedance when the first electrode is coupled to the controller and at least when the driver assembly is used in a medical procedure in which the first electrode is placeable in or on a non-target area comprising biological material. an outer surface having a first end and a second end , the second end of the outer surface configured to be detachably coupled to a drill bit coupler ; a core disposed inside the outer surface , the core extending from the first end of the drill bit beyond the second end of the drill bit ; and an insulator disposed between the core and the outer surface configured to prevent electrical communication between the core and the outer surface ; where the outer surface , the insulator , and the core cooperate to form at least one tip of the drill bit ; and where the controller is configured to determine at least one of a voltage difference between the core and the first electrode and an impedance when the first electrode is coupled to the controller and at least when the driver assembly is used in a medical procedure in which the first electrode is placeable in or on a non-target area comprising biological material. <EOS>