mhurhangee/patent-ind-claim-en huggingface dataset:
A method for forming a photovoltaic device, the method comprising: providing a semiconductor structure, the semiconductor structure including a base layer ; and wherein providing the semiconductor structure includes forming an emitter layer in the semiconductor structure, the emitter layer being made of a different material than the base layer and having a higher bandgap than the base layer , where the materials of the base layer and the emitter layer contain Group III-V materials, wherein providing the semiconductor structure includes forming an intermediate layer between the base layer and the emitter layer , the intermediate layer including a graded layer and a window layer , the graded layer including a material gradation ranging from the base layer to the window layer , where the gradation ranges from the material of the base layer at the graded layer side closer to the base layer , to the material of the window layer at the side closer to the window layer , and wherein a p-n junction of the semiconductor structure is formed between the emitter layer and the intermediate layer and a heterojunction is formed within the graded layer , such that when the p-n junction is under reverse-bias conditions in the resulting photovoltaic device the p-n junction provides a bypass function using a Zener breakdown effect that breaks down the p-n junction in a controlled manner and with an electrical field that is less than a threshold electrical field that would cause avalanche breakdown of the p-n junction . providing a semiconductor structure, the semiconductor structure including a base layer ; and wherein providing the semiconductor structure includes forming an emitter layer in the semiconductor structure, the emitter layer being made of a different material than the base layer and having a higher bandgap than the base layer , where the materials of the base layer and the emitter layer contain Group III-V materials, wherein providing the semiconductor structure includes forming an intermediate layer between the base layer and the emitter layer , the intermediate layer including a graded layer and a window layer , the graded layer including a material gradation ranging from the base layer to the window layer , where the gradation ranges from the material of the base layer at the graded layer side closer to the base layer , to the material of the window layer at the side closer to the window layer , and wherein a p-n junction of the semiconductor structure is formed between the emitter layer and the intermediate layer and a heterojunction is formed within the graded layer , such that when the p-n junction is under reverse-bias conditions in the resulting photovoltaic device the p-n junction provides a bypass function using a Zener breakdown effect that breaks down the p-n junction in a controlled manner and with an electrical field that is less than a threshold electrical field that would cause avalanche breakdown of the p-n junction .
A beam tracking apparatus , wherein the apparatus comprises N probe points , a detector connected to the N probe points , and a processor connected to the detector , and N is greater than 1, wherein the detector is configured to: detect received signal strength at N preset locations in an antenna by using the N probe points, and send N detected received signal strength values to the processor; and the processor is configured to switch a working status of the antenna according to a preset switching rule and based on a strength relationship among the N received signal strength values sent by the detector , to perform beam tracking, wherein the preset switching rule comprises a correspondence between a working status of the antenna and a strength relationship among the received signal strength values at the N preset locations, and the working status is a connection relationship between a channel and a feed in the antenna; characterized in that the apparatus further comprises a single-pole N-throw switch , wherein a non-movable end of the single-pole N-throw switch is connected to the detector, and movable ends of the single-pole N-throw switch are connected to the N probe points ; and the detector is specifically configured to: successively turn on the N probe points by turning on the single-pole N-throw switch , and detect the received signal strength at the N preset locations in the antenna.
A system for reducing adaptation to a haptic effect, said system comprising: a sensor configured to sense an input received from a user at a touch surface (312; 412) of a user interface (100; 300; 400; 500; 600; 700); a first haptic output device (160; 340; 336) configured to generate a first haptic effect (301; 401; 501; 601; 701; 801; 1001) comprising a friction effect at the touch surface; a second haptic output device (160; 330; 332; 334) configured to generate a second haptic effect (302; 402; 502; 602; 702; 802; 1002) comprising vibrotactile feedback in the user interface; and a processor configured to receive an input signal from the sensor, to determine whether a haptic effect is to be generated for a duration in response to the input received from the user, and to cause a haptic effect to be generated by outputting a first drive signal to the first haptic output device to generate the first haptic effect or outputting a second drive signal to the second haptic output device to generate the second haptic effect, wherein the processor is configured to generate the first haptic effect for a time period that is less than the duration and to generate the second haptic effect during the duration in response to the time period exceeding a predetermined amount of time associated with the effects of tactile adaptation. a sensor configured to sense an input received from a user at a touch surface (312; 412) of a user interface (100; 300; 400; 500; 600; 700); a first haptic output device (160; 340; 336) configured to generate a first haptic effect (301; 401; 501; 601; 701; 801; 1001) comprising a friction effect at the touch surface; a second haptic output device (160; 330; 332; 334) configured to generate a second haptic effect (302; 402; 502; 602; 702; 802; 1002) comprising vibrotactile feedback in the user interface; and a processor configured to receive an input signal from the sensor, to determine whether a haptic effect is to be generated for a duration in response to the input received from the user, and to cause a haptic effect to be generated by outputting a first drive signal to the first haptic output device to generate the first haptic effect or outputting a second drive signal to the second haptic output device to generate the second haptic effect, wherein the processor is configured to generate the first haptic effect for a time period that is less than the duration and to generate the second haptic effect during the duration in response to the time period exceeding a predetermined amount of time associated with the effects of tactile adaptation.
A cosmetic bottle with replaceable internal components, comprising a cover, a button, an inner connecting member, a brush rod, an inner bottle, a clamping ring, and an outer bottle, wherein the cover, the button, the inner connecting member, the brush rod, the inner bottle, the clamping ring, and the outer bottle are coaxially arranged, wherein the button comprises a first button and a second button, the inner connecting member comprises a first inner connecting member and a second inner connecting member, the first button is placed in the first inner connecting member, the cover is sleeved on and fixedly connected to the first inner connecting member, the brush rod comprises a rod body, a first end of the rod body is provided with a head, and a second end of the rod body is fixedly connected to a brush head, the head of the brush rod is inserted into the first inner connecting member, the head of the brush rod is configured to pop out of the cover by pressing the first button, an upper connecting portion and a lower connecting portion are arranged at an upper end and a lower end of the inner bottle respectively, the upper connecting portion is detachably connected to the head of the brush rod, the lower connecting portion is fixedly connected to the clamping ring, the second inner connecting member is fixed in a lower opening end of the outer bottle, the second button is placed in the second inner connecting member, the outer bottle is sleeved on an outer side of the inner bottle, the clamping ring extends into the second inner connecting member, and the inner bottle is configured to pop out of the outer bottle by pressing the second button.
A method for an apparatus, the method comprising: providing for transmission of a request to a serving network entity for a plurality of serving network entity timeout values associated with a plurality of respective keep-alive timers implemented by the serving network entity for a Network Address Translation node, and/or a firewall, and/or a Packet Data Protocol context; receiving a response to the request, wherein the response comprises an indication of at least one serving network entity timeout value of the plurality of serving network entity timeout values; determining an expiration time of at least one of the plurality of respective keep-alive timers based at least in part on the at least one serving network entity timeout value; and providing for transmission of a keep-alive data packet prior to the determined expiration time. providing for transmission of a request to a serving network entity for a plurality of serving network entity timeout values associated with a plurality of respective keep-alive timers implemented by the serving network entity for a Network Address Translation node, and/or a firewall, and/or a Packet Data Protocol context; receiving a response to the request, wherein the response comprises an indication of at least one serving network entity timeout value of the plurality of serving network entity timeout values; determining an expiration time of at least one of the plurality of respective keep-alive timers based at least in part on the at least one serving network entity timeout value; and providing for transmission of a keep-alive data packet prior to the determined expiration time.
A method for the control and prevention of white mold on a plant, the method comprising: applying a fungicidally effective amount of a formulation including a compound of Formula I, wherein said effective amount is applied to at least one of the plant, an area adjacent to the plant, soil adapted to support growth of the plant, a root of the plant, foliage of the plant, and a seed adapted to produce the plant.
An armature (10, 10', 10") for a moving armature receiver comprising: - a U-shaped element with a first leg , a second leg and a central portion , - a flat elongated portion having a first and a second end and defining a first plane, the elongated portion extending between the first and second ends, - a first and a second sheet both extending from the first end where the first and second sheets are attached to the first end, the first sheet having a first portion extending away from the first plane on one side of the first plane, the second sheet having a second portion extending away from the first plane on another side of the first plane and where the first and second portions are attached to the central portion. - a U-shaped element with a first leg , a second leg and a central portion , - a flat elongated portion having a first and a second end and defining a first plane, the elongated portion extending between the first and second ends, - a first and a second sheet both extending from the first end where the first and second sheets are attached to the first end, the first sheet having a first portion extending away from the first plane on one side of the first plane, the second sheet having a second portion extending away from the first plane on another side of the first plane and where the first and second portions are attached to the central portion.
A method for the plasma treatment of containers in which - at least one container with a container interior (5.1) is inserted and positioned into a plasma chamber of a plasma station , - the plasma chamber and the at least one container interior (5.1) are at least partially evacuated, - at least one container interior (5.1) of the container within the at least partially evacuated plasma chamber is provided with an inner coating by means of plasma treatment, and - after plasma treatment, a aeration step follows, in which both the plasma chamber as well as the at least one container interior (5.1) of the container are at least partially aerated, characterized in that at least the container interior (5.1) of at least one container is impinged with a gaseous, vaporous or misty sterilization medium in the plasma chamber after plasma treatment and before filling of the container in such a way that at least the container interior (5.1) is at least partially aerated with the gaseous, vaporous or misty sterilization medium during the aeration step, wherein the impingement of at least the container interior (5.1) of the container with a sterilization medium containing hydrogen peroxide and/or ozone occurs. - at least one container with a container interior (5.1) is inserted and positioned into a plasma chamber of a plasma station , - the plasma chamber and the at least one container interior (5.1) are at least partially evacuated, - at least one container interior (5.1) of the container within the at least partially evacuated plasma chamber is provided with an inner coating by means of plasma treatment, and - after plasma treatment, a aeration step follows, in which both the plasma chamber as well as the at least one container interior (5.1) of the container are at least partially aerated,
A lithium secondary battery comprising a cathode, an anode, a separator interposed between the cathode and anode, and an electrolyte, wherein the anode comprises a current collector, a hydrophilically surface modified porous polyolefin film protection layer, and optionally, a lithium metal layer interposed between the current collector and protection layer, the porous polyolefin film protection layer has a contact angle to an electrolyte prepared by dissolving LiFSI in a solvent mixture of polycarbonate and dimethylcarbonate of a volume ratio of 3:7 at the concentration of 3.5 M, of 40°or less, and the electrolyte comprises an organic solvent and lithium salts, and comprises the lithium salts at the concentration of 2 M to 7 M, wherein the contact angle is measured according to the method in the description. A lithium secondary battery comprising a cathode, an anode, a separator interposed between the cathode and anode, and an electrolyte, wherein the anode comprises a current collector, a hydrophilically surface modified porous polyolefin film protection layer, and optionally, a lithium metal layer interposed between the current collector and protection layer, the porous polyolefin film protection layer has a contact angle to an electrolyte prepared by dissolving LiFSI in a solvent mixture of polycarbonate and dimethylcarbonate of a volume ratio of 3:7 at the concentration of 3.5 M, of 40°or less, and the electrolyte comprises an organic solvent and lithium salts, and comprises the lithium salts at the concentration of 2 M to 7 M, wherein the contact angle is measured according to the method in the description.
A biaxially oriented film comprising a polymer composition having a density 954 to 970 kg/m 3 measured according to ISO 1183, and an MFR 2 of 0.5 to 2.0 g/10 min, measured according to ISO 1133, wherein said composition comprises: (i) 90 to 99 wt%, relative to the total weight of the polymer composition, of a multimodal high density polyethylene (HDPE), wherein the multimodal HDPE has a density in the range of 945 to 970 kg/m 3 measured according to ISO 1183, an MFR 2 of 0.1 to 3.0 g/10 min according to ISO 1133 and a molecular weight distribution (MWD) of 5 to 25 measured as specified in the description, and wherein the multimodal HDPE comprises at least two fractions: (A) 30 to 70 wt%, relative to the total weight of the multimodal HDPE, of a lower molecular weight fraction being a polyethylene with a density in the range of 955 to 980 kg/m 3 measured according to ISO 1183 and an MFR 2 of 100 to 1000 g/10 min measured according to ISO 1133; and (B) 30 to 70 wt%, relative to the total weight of the multimodal HDPE, of a higher molecular weight fraction being a polyethylene with a density in the range of 940 to 960 kg/m 3 measured according to ISO 1183 and an MFR 2 of 0.0001 to 1.0 g/10 min measured according to ISO 1133; and (ii) 1 to 10 wt%, relative to the total weight of the polymer composition, of a hydrocarbon resin. (i) 90 to 99 wt%, relative to the total weight of the polymer composition, of a multimodal high density polyethylene (HDPE), wherein the multimodal HDPE has a density in the range of 945 to 970 kg/m 3 measured according to ISO 1183, an MFR 2 of 0.1 to 3.0 g/10 min according to ISO 1133 and a molecular weight distribution (MWD) of 5 to 25 measured as specified in the description, and wherein the multimodal HDPE comprises at least two fractions: (A) 30 to 70 wt%, relative to the total weight of the multimodal HDPE, of a lower molecular weight fraction being a polyethylene with a density in the range of 955 to 980 kg/m 3 measured according to ISO 1183 and an MFR 2 of 100 to 1000 g/10 min measured according to ISO 1133; and (B) 30 to 70 wt%, relative to the total weight of the multimodal HDPE, of a higher molecular weight fraction being a polyethylene with a density in the range of 940 to 960 kg/m 3 measured according to ISO 1183 and an MFR 2 of 0.0001 to 1.0 g/10 min measured according to ISO 1133; and (A) 30 to 70 wt%, relative to the total weight of the multimodal HDPE, of a lower molecular weight fraction being a polyethylene with a density in the range of 955 to 980 kg/m 3 measured according to ISO 1183 and an MFR 2 of 100 to 1000 g/10 min measured according to ISO 1133; and (B) 30 to 70 wt%, relative to the total weight of the multimodal HDPE, of a higher molecular weight fraction being a polyethylene with a density in the range of 940 to 960 kg/m 3 measured according to ISO 1183 and an MFR 2 of 0.0001 to 1.0 g/10 min measured according to ISO 1133; and (ii) 1 to 10 wt%, relative to the total weight of the polymer composition, of a hydrocarbon resin.
Apparatus for presenting a teat cup for attaching to a teat of an animal to be milked, the apparatus comprising: a support means adapted for mounting beneath an upwardly facing major surface of a platform on which an animal stands during milking thereof, and a teat cup carrier for holding the teat cup , the teat cup carrier being mounted on the support means and being adapted for holding the teat cup beneath the animal in a ready state with the teat cup ready to be urged upwardly from the teat cup carrier for attaching to the teat of the animal, wherein the teat cup carrier is adapted to accommodate a vacuum hose therethrough extending from the teat cup , so that the vacuum hose can be pulled through the teat cup carrier when the teat cup is being urged from the teat cup carrier to an animal, characterised in that a pivotally mounted urging means is engageable with the vacuum hose extending from the teat cup , and the urging means is pivotal from a first state to a second state for urging the vacuum hose through the teat cup carrier for in turn urging the teat cup from the teat of an animal. a support means adapted for mounting beneath an upwardly facing major surface of a platform on which an animal stands during milking thereof, and a teat cup carrier for holding the teat cup , the teat cup carrier being mounted on the support means and being adapted for holding the teat cup beneath the animal in a ready state with the teat cup ready to be urged upwardly from the teat cup carrier for attaching to the teat of the animal, wherein the teat cup carrier is adapted to accommodate a vacuum hose therethrough extending from the teat cup , so that the vacuum hose can be pulled through the teat cup carrier when the teat cup is being urged from the teat cup carrier to an animal, characterised in that a pivotally mounted urging means is engageable with the vacuum hose extending from the teat cup , and the urging means is pivotal from a first state to a second state for urging the vacuum hose through the teat cup carrier for in turn urging the teat cup from the teat of an animal.
Thermoelectric generator applied to geothermal energy comprising a two-phase thermosyphon called the hot side, the lower part of which is intended to be introduced into the hot subsoil, at least two thermoelectric modules in contact with the upper part of the thermosyphon on the hot side placed in contact with the atmosphere, characterised in that the thermoelectric generator further comprises at least two two-phase thermosyphons respectively located on the cold side of each thermoelectric module to dissipate the unusable heat power and ensure the temperature difference between the two sides of each thermoelectric module . two-phase thermosyphon called the hot side, the lower part of which is intended to be introduced into the hot subsoil, at least two thermoelectric modules in contact with the upper part of the thermosyphon on the hot side placed in contact with the atmosphere, characterised in that the thermoelectric generator further comprises at least two two-phase thermosyphons respectively located on the cold side of each thermoelectric module to dissipate the unusable heat power and ensure the temperature difference between the two sides of each thermoelectric module .
A method of configuring a radio access network for a user, by a network element, the method comprising the steps of: monitoring a flow of traffic associated with the user; detecting a temporal pattern in the monitored flow of traffic, by measuring the traffic in the network element that terminates a protocol layer implementing a state machine; predicting, based on the detected temporal pattern, future periods of user activity and inactivity corresponding to an application or a combination of two or more applications; and adapting an operating parameter of the radio access network based on the predicted future periods of user activity and inactivity, wherein the step of adapting the operating parameter of the radio access network comprises changing a threshold value of the operating parameter of the radio access network on a per user basis, to enable a user equipment, UE , to switch between first and second radio resource control states, and wherein the step of detecting the temporal pattern in the monitored flow of traffic comprises detecting a particular pattern comprising bursts of traffic load in the monitored flow of traffic corresponding to the combination of two or more applications, concurrently used by the user. monitoring a flow of traffic associated with the user; detecting a temporal pattern in the monitored flow of traffic, by measuring the traffic in the network element that terminates a protocol layer implementing a state machine; predicting, based on the detected temporal pattern, future periods of user activity and inactivity corresponding to an application or a combination of two or more applications; and adapting an operating parameter of the radio access network based on the predicted future periods of user activity and inactivity, wherein the step of adapting the operating parameter of the radio access network comprises changing a threshold value of the operating parameter of the radio access network on a per user basis, to enable a user equipment, UE , to switch between first and second radio resource control states, and wherein the step of detecting the temporal pattern in the monitored flow of traffic comprises detecting a particular pattern comprising bursts of traffic load in the monitored flow of traffic corresponding to the combination of two or more applications, concurrently used by the user.