A polar coding method, comprising: determining a sequence for coding to-be-coded bits, wherein the sequence comprises N sequence numbers of N polarized channels, the N sequence numbers are arranged in the sequence based on reliability of the N polarized channels, N is a mother code length of a polar code; and performing polar coding on the to-be-coded bits by using the sequence to obtain coded bits; wherein the method is characterized in that : an order of the N sequence numbers in the sequence is same as an order of the N sequence numbers in another sequence, N is one of the following values: 64, 128, 256, 512, or 1024; and the another sequence comprises 1024 sequence numbers of 1024 polarized channels, the 1024 sequence numbers are arranged in the another sequence based on reliability of the 1024 polarized channels, the another sequence is [1, 2, L 1 m = 3 , 17, 33, L 2 m = 1011 , L 3 m = 2 , 1020, 1022, 1023, 1024], and L n m is a subsequence in the sequence, n is a sequence number of the subsequence, n ∈ , m indicates a length of an n th subsequence, locations of elements in the subsequence are able to be mutually exchanged in the subsequence, N is one of the following values: 64, 128, 256, 512, or 1024, L 1 m = 3 = , L 2 m = 1011 = , L 3 m = 2 = . determining a sequence for coding to-be-coded bits, wherein the sequence comprises N sequence numbers of N polarized channels, the N sequence numbers are arranged in the sequence based on reliability of the N polarized channels, N is a mother code length of a polar code; and performing polar coding on the to-be-coded bits by using the sequence to obtain coded bits; wherein the method is characterized in that : an order of the N sequence numbers in the sequence is same as an order of the N sequence numbers in another sequence, N is one of the following values: 64, 128, 256, 512, or 1024; and the another sequence comprises 1024 sequence numbers of 1024 polarized channels, the 1024 sequence numbers are arranged in the another sequence based on reliability of the 1024 polarized channels, the another sequence is [1, 2, L 1 m = 3 , 17, 33, L 2 m = 1011 , L 3 m = 2 , 1020, 1022, 1023, 1024], and L n m is a subsequence in the sequence, n is a sequence number of the subsequence, n ∈ , m indicates a length of an n th subsequence, locations of elements in the subsequence are able to be mutually exchanged in the subsequence, N is one of the following values: 64, 128, 256, 512, or 1024, L 1 m = 3 = , L 2 m = 1011 = , L 3 m = 2 = . an order of the N sequence numbers in the sequence is same as an order of the N sequence numbers in another sequence, N is one of the following values: 64, 128, 256, 512, or 1024; and the another sequence comprises 1024 sequence numbers of 1024 polarized channels, the 1024 sequence numbers are arranged in the another sequence based on reliability of the 1024 polarized channels, the another sequence is [1, 2, L 1 m = 3 , 17, 33, L 2 m = 1011 , L 3 m = 2 , 1020, 1022, 1023, 1024], and L n m is a subsequence in the sequence, n is a sequence number of the subsequence, n ∈ , m indicates a length of an n th subsequence, locations of elements in the subsequence are able to be mutually exchanged in the subsequence, N is one of the following values: 64, 128, 256, 512, or 1024, L 1 m = 3 = , L 2 m = 1011 = , L 3 m = 2 = . <EOS>