A method for grouping transactions for which a read-write conflict exists and that need to be serially executed based on a sequence of transactions in one block of a blockchain, comprising: obtaining (S202) a first transaction in multiple transactions; obtaining (S204) a first variable accessed in the first transaction; reading (S206) a first value of a first belonging variable corresponding to the first variable, the first belonging variable being stored in a shared memory and being configured to record a numbering value of a transaction associated with a transaction to which the first variable belongs; reading (S208) a first value of a first associated variable corresponding to the first transaction, the first associated variable being an atomic variable included in an associative array, the associative array including multiple atomic variables respectively corresponding to the multiple transactions and being stored in the shared memory, and the first associated variable being configured to record a numbering value of a transaction associated with the first transaction; in response to the first value of the first belonging variable being a numbering value of a second transaction in the multiple transactions, recording (S2101-S2108) an association relationship between the first transaction and the second transaction in the associative array by performing an atomic comparative change operation on an atomic variable in the associative array based on the first value of the first belonging variable and the first value of the first associated variable; and grouping the multiple transactions for sequential execution in said one block of said blockchain based on the associative array. obtaining (S202) a first transaction in multiple transactions; obtaining (S204) a first variable accessed in the first transaction; reading (S206) a first value of a first belonging variable corresponding to the first variable, the first belonging variable being stored in a shared memory and being configured to record a numbering value of a transaction associated with a transaction to which the first variable belongs; reading (S208) a first value of a first associated variable corresponding to the first transaction, the first associated variable being an atomic variable included in an associative array, the associative array including multiple atomic variables respectively corresponding to the multiple transactions and being stored in the shared memory, and the first associated variable being configured to record a numbering value of a transaction associated with the first transaction; in response to the first value of the first belonging variable being a numbering value of a second transaction in the multiple transactions, recording (S2101-S2108) an association relationship between the first transaction and the second transaction in the associative array by performing an atomic comparative change operation on an atomic variable in the associative array based on the first value of the first belonging variable and the first value of the first associated variable; and grouping the multiple transactions for sequential execution in said one block of said blockchain based on the associative array. <EOS>