A method of measuring a Hall effect voltage of a material , the method comprising: providing a first test state alternating a first test parameter at a first frequency , wherein the first test state comprises exciting the material by inducing current flow through the material in the presence of a magnetic field (B); and providing a second test state alternating a second test parameter at a second frequency , wherein the second test state comprises exciting the material by inducing current flow through the material in the presence of the magnetic field (B); wherein the first test parameter is one of a direction of the current during the test excitation, a location of the test excitation, a direction of the magnetic field (B) and a location of the magnetic field, and the second test parameter is another of the direction of the current during the test excitation, the location of the test excitation, the direction of a magnetic field (B) and the location of the magnetic field (B); characterized in that the method further comprises: switching between the first test state and second test state at a third frequency , wherein the third frequency is less than the first frequency and the second frequency ; measuring a voltage across the material induced by exciting the material in the presence of the known magnetic field during the first and second test states; and determining the Hall effect voltage based on the voltage measurements. providing a first test state alternating a first test parameter at a first frequency , wherein the first test state comprises exciting the material by inducing current flow through the material in the presence of a magnetic field (B); and providing a second test state alternating a second test parameter at a second frequency , wherein the second test state comprises exciting the material by inducing current flow through the material in the presence of the magnetic field (B); wherein the first test parameter is one of a direction of the current during the test excitation, a location of the test excitation, a direction of the magnetic field (B) and a location of the magnetic field, and the second test parameter is another of the direction of the current during the test excitation, the location of the test excitation, the direction of a magnetic field (B) and the location of the magnetic field (B); characterized in that the method further comprises: switching between the first test state and second test state at a third frequency , wherein the third frequency is less than the first frequency and the second frequency ; measuring a voltage across the material induced by exciting the material in the presence of the known magnetic field during the first and second test states; and determining the Hall effect voltage based on the voltage measurements. switching between the first test state and second test state at a third frequency , wherein the third frequency is less than the first frequency and the second frequency ; measuring a voltage across the material induced by exciting the material in the presence of the known magnetic field during the first and second test states; and determining the Hall effect voltage based on the voltage measurements. <EOS>