A device for monitoring the health status of a limited life critical system , which undergoes ageing according to a variation of its internal temperature over time, comprising: - at least one measurement sensor (S1-S4) adapted to measure a magnitude adapted to affect the health status of the critical system by outputting a signal carrying information relative to such magnitude, wherein the measurement sensor (S1-S4) comprises a temperature sensor configured to measure an external temperature of the critical system; - at least one processing unit operatively connected to the sensor (S1-S4) and adapted to receive and sample said signal to provide digital data relative to such magnitude; - at least one memory adapted to store said digital data or digital data obtained therefrom through said at least one processing unit ; - a power supply system of the measurement sensor (S1-S4) and the processing unit ; Characterized in that : - said device further includes a passive RFID transponder adapted to receive a request from an external query RFID device from remote, and to provide as a reply said digital data to the query device by accessing the memory; and - the digital data comprise data related to the storage temperature of the critical system , and wherein the at least one processing unit is programmed to calculate an equivalent storage time at a reference temperature by calculating an acceleration factor according to the Arrhenius law, the equivalent storage time being representative of the residual life of the critical system; Wherein in order to calculate said equivalent storage time the at least one processing unit is programmed for: - Sampling said signal to obtain a digital sample and storing it in a vector of samples having a predetermined length according to a FIFO storage technique; - Upon each sampling, carrying out the scalar product between said vector of samples and a vector of real numbers, which represent exponential increment values depending on the internal temperature as obtained from the samples of the external temperature measured by the temperature sensor. - at least one measurement sensor (S1-S4) adapted to measure a magnitude adapted to affect the health status of the critical system by outputting a signal carrying information relative to such magnitude, wherein the measurement sensor (S1-S4) comprises a temperature sensor configured to measure an external temperature of the critical system; - at least one processing unit operatively connected to the sensor (S1-S4) and adapted to receive and sample said signal to provide digital data relative to such magnitude; - at least one memory adapted to store said digital data or digital data obtained therefrom through said at least one processing unit ; - a power supply system of the measurement sensor (S1-S4) and the processing unit ; - said device further includes a passive RFID transponder adapted to receive a request from an external query RFID device from remote, and to provide as a reply said digital data to the query device by accessing the memory; and - the digital data comprise data related to the storage temperature of the critical system , and wherein the at least one processing unit is programmed to calculate an equivalent storage time at a reference temperature by calculating an acceleration factor according to the Arrhenius law, the equivalent storage time being representative of the residual life of the critical system; - Sampling said signal to obtain a digital sample and storing it in a vector of samples having a predetermined length according to a FIFO storage technique; - Upon each sampling, carrying out the scalar product between said vector of samples and a vector of real numbers, which represent exponential increment values depending on the internal temperature as obtained from the samples of the external temperature measured by the temperature sensor. <EOS>