A vehicle wheel supporting rolling bearing unit comprising: an outer diameter side bearing ring member having an outer ring raceway on an inner peripheral surface; an inner diameter side bearing ring member having an inner ring raceway on an outer peripheral surface; and a plurality of rolling elements rollably provided between the outer ring raceway and the inner ring raceway , wherein one of the outer diameter side bearing ring member and the inner diameter side bearing ring member is a stationary side bearing ring member which is supported and fixed to a suspension device and non-rotatable in a use state, and the other bearing ring member is a rotation side bearing ring member which is coupled and fixed to a vehicle wheel and is configured to rotate together with the vehicle wheel , and characterized in that a part of the rotation side bearing ring member is provided with at least three acceleration sensors including a first acceleration sensor , a second acceleration sensor , and a third acceleration sensor which are fixed on a virtual plane orthogonal to a center axis of the rotation side bearing ring member , the first acceleration sensor and the second acceleration sensor are arranged on a virtual line (PI) passing through a rotation center (O) of the rotation side bearing ring member with a same distance (A, B) from the rotation center (O) in a state where detection directions (α, β) thereof are directed in a radial direction of the rotation side bearing ring member and are opposite to each other in the radial direction, and the third acceleration sensor is arranged such that a detection direction (γ) thereof is non-parallel to the detection directions of the first acceleration sensor and the second acceleration sensor . an outer diameter side bearing ring member having an outer ring raceway on an inner peripheral surface; an inner diameter side bearing ring member having an inner ring raceway on an outer peripheral surface; and a plurality of rolling elements rollably provided between the outer ring raceway and the inner ring raceway , wherein one of the outer diameter side bearing ring member and the inner diameter side bearing ring member is a stationary side bearing ring member which is supported and fixed to a suspension device and non-rotatable in a use state, and the other bearing ring member is a rotation side bearing ring member which is coupled and fixed to a vehicle wheel and is configured to rotate together with the vehicle wheel , and characterized in that a part of the rotation side bearing ring member is provided with at least three acceleration sensors including a first acceleration sensor , a second acceleration sensor , and a third acceleration sensor which are fixed on a virtual plane orthogonal to a center axis of the rotation side bearing ring member , the first acceleration sensor and the second acceleration sensor are arranged on a virtual line (PI) passing through a rotation center (O) of the rotation side bearing ring member with a same distance (A, B) from the rotation center (O) in a state where detection directions (α, β) thereof are directed in a radial direction of the rotation side bearing ring member and are opposite to each other in the radial direction, and the third acceleration sensor is arranged such that a detection direction (γ) thereof is non-parallel to the detection directions of the first acceleration sensor and the second acceleration sensor . <EOS>