A microfluidic apparatus comprising: a fluid slot ; a chamber , wherein the chamber is in fluid communication with the fluid slot via a channel having a relatively smaller width than the chamber; an electrical sensor to measure a change in an electrical field caused by a particle of interest in a fluid passing through the channel from the fluid slot to the chamber; an actuator to apply pressure onto fluid contained in the chamber; and a controller configured to receive the measured change in the electrical field from the electrical sensor, determine, from the received change in the electrical field, an electrical signature of the particle of interest, identify the type of particle based upon the determined electrical signature, and control the actuator to control movement of the particle of interest based upon the detected type of the particle based upon the determined electrical signature of the particle of interest, wherein: the controller is configured to determine that the particle of interest has a first electrical signature and wherein the controller is configured to control the actuator to cause the particle of interest to remain in the chamber in response to the particle of interest having the first electrical signature; and the controller is configured to determine that the particle of interest has a second electrical signature and wherein the controller is configured to control the actuator to cause the particle of interest to be ejected out of the chamber in response to the particle of interest having the second electrical signature, wherein the second electrical signature differs from the first electrical signature. a fluid slot ; a chamber , wherein the chamber is in fluid communication with the fluid slot via a channel having a relatively smaller width than the chamber; an electrical sensor to measure a change in an electrical field caused by a particle of interest in a fluid passing through the channel from the fluid slot to the chamber; an actuator to apply pressure onto fluid contained in the chamber; and a controller configured to receive the measured change in the electrical field from the electrical sensor, determine, from the received change in the electrical field, an electrical signature of the particle of interest, identify the type of particle based upon the determined electrical signature, and control the actuator to control movement of the particle of interest based upon the detected type of the particle based upon the determined electrical signature of the particle of interest, wherein: the controller is configured to determine that the particle of interest has a first electrical signature and wherein the controller is configured to control the actuator to cause the particle of interest to remain in the chamber in response to the particle of interest having the first electrical signature; and the controller is configured to determine that the particle of interest has a second electrical signature and wherein the controller is configured to control the actuator to cause the particle of interest to be ejected out of the chamber in response to the particle of interest having the second electrical signature, wherein the second electrical signature differs from the first electrical signature. the controller is configured to determine that the particle of interest has a first electrical signature and wherein the controller is configured to control the actuator to cause the particle of interest to remain in the chamber in response to the particle of interest having the first electrical signature; and the controller is configured to determine that the particle of interest has a second electrical signature and wherein the controller is configured to control the actuator to cause the particle of interest to be ejected out of the chamber in response to the particle of interest having the second electrical signature, wherein the second electrical signature differs from the first electrical signature. <EOS>