A boundary layer or adhesion turbine comprising: a. a housing having an inlet end with an inlet and an outlet end with an outlet , the inlet being suitable for receiving a flow of pressurized fluid into the housing ; b. a shaft extending longitudinally through the housing from the inlet end to the outlet end and journaled for rotation relative to the housing about a longitudinal axis of the shaft ; c. a plurality of nested cylindrical tubes of progressively wider diameter arranged coaxially about the shaft and connected to the shaft such that adjacent tubes define a cylindrical fluid passageway there-between that is in fluid communication with the inlet and the outlet , thereby the plurality of tubes define a plurality of passageways ; and d. at least one nozzle coupled to the inlet configured to direct the flow of fluid from the inlet into the plurality of passageways and against the plurality of tubes at an angle to a normal plane to the curvature of the plurality of tubes and at an-angle to the longitudinal axis of the shaft , wherein the angled flow of fluid imparts rotation to the plurality of tubes and the shaft and flows towards the outlet where the fluid is discharged, and wherein the rotating shaft may be used to provide kinetic energy characterized in that : e. wherein each tube of the plurality of tubes is shorter than the adjacent tube more proximal to the shaft such that the ends of the plurality of tubes near the inlet end are stepped towards the outlet end such that, the plurality of passageways are likewise stepped such that the longest passageway is adjacent the shaft and the shortest passageway is furthest coaxially from the shaft ; and f. wherein the inlet port includes a stepped wall portion that is closely complementary to the plurality of tubes such that each step of the wall portion is in close proximity to a portion of the adjacent tube , and the stepped wall portion and the inlet define a pressure chamber there-between. a. a housing having an inlet end with an inlet and an outlet end with an outlet , the inlet being suitable for receiving a flow of pressurized fluid into the housing ; b. a shaft extending longitudinally through the housing from the inlet end to the outlet end and journaled for rotation relative to the housing about a longitudinal axis of the shaft ; c. a plurality of nested cylindrical tubes of progressively wider diameter arranged coaxially about the shaft and connected to the shaft such that adjacent tubes define a cylindrical fluid passageway there-between that is in fluid communication with the inlet and the outlet , thereby the plurality of tubes define a plurality of passageways ; and d. at least one nozzle coupled to the inlet configured to direct the flow of fluid from the inlet into the plurality of passageways and against the plurality of tubes at an angle to a normal plane to the curvature of the plurality of tubes and at an-angle to the longitudinal axis of the shaft , wherein the angled flow of fluid imparts rotation to the plurality of tubes and the shaft and flows towards the outlet where the fluid is discharged, and wherein the rotating shaft may be used to provide kinetic energy characterized in that : e. wherein each tube of the plurality of tubes is shorter than the adjacent tube more proximal to the shaft such that the ends of the plurality of tubes near the inlet end are stepped towards the outlet end such that, the plurality of passageways are likewise stepped such that the longest passageway is adjacent the shaft and the shortest passageway is furthest coaxially from the shaft ; and f. wherein the inlet port includes a stepped wall portion that is closely complementary to the plurality of tubes such that each step of the wall portion is in close proximity to a portion of the adjacent tube , and the stepped wall portion and the inlet define a pressure chamber there-between. <EOS>