A method for detecting and monitoring a bacterial outbreak linked to a bacterial species within a geographic zone, the method being a computer implemented method and comprising: - obtaining a digital genome of a bacterial strain sampled within the geographic zone and belonging to the bacterial species; - calculating a genomic distance of the digital genome obtained from a digital genome of a database, called "epidemiological", comprising at least one digital genome of a bacterial strain belonging to the bacterial species; - predicting: ∘ that the bacterial strain sampled and the bacterial strain of the database belong to the bacterial outbreak if their genomic distance is below a first predetermined threshold; or ∘ that the bacterial strain sampled and the bacterial strain of the database do not belong to the bacterial outbreak if their genomic distance is above a second predetermined threshold strictly higher than the first threshold; or ∘ that the bacterial strain sampled and the bacterial strain of the database perhaps belong to the bacterial outbreak if their genomic distance is between the first and the second threshold; and according to said method: - the first threshold is greater than or equal to a third threshold such that a prediction that two bacterial strains having a genomic distance below the third threshold belong to the bacterial outbreak has a maximum specificity; and - the second threshold is less than or equal to a fourth threshold such that a prediction that two bacterial strains having a genomic distance above the fourth threshold do not belong to the bacterial outbreak has a maximum sensitivity. - obtaining a digital genome of a bacterial strain sampled within the geographic zone and belonging to the bacterial species; - calculating a genomic distance of the digital genome obtained from a digital genome of a database, called "epidemiological", comprising at least one digital genome of a bacterial strain belonging to the bacterial species; - predicting: ∘ that the bacterial strain sampled and the bacterial strain of the database belong to the bacterial outbreak if their genomic distance is below a first predetermined threshold; or ∘ that the bacterial strain sampled and the bacterial strain of the database do not belong to the bacterial outbreak if their genomic distance is above a second predetermined threshold strictly higher than the first threshold; or ∘ that the bacterial strain sampled and the bacterial strain of the database perhaps belong to the bacterial outbreak if their genomic distance is between the first and the second threshold; ∘ that the bacterial strain sampled and the bacterial strain of the database belong to the bacterial outbreak if their genomic distance is below a first predetermined threshold; or ∘ that the bacterial strain sampled and the bacterial strain of the database do not belong to the bacterial outbreak if their genomic distance is above a second predetermined threshold strictly higher than the first threshold; or ∘ that the bacterial strain sampled and the bacterial strain of the database perhaps belong to the bacterial outbreak if their genomic distance is between the first and the second threshold; - the first threshold is greater than or equal to a third threshold such that a prediction that two bacterial strains having a genomic distance below the third threshold belong to the bacterial outbreak has a maximum specificity; and - the second threshold is less than or equal to a fourth threshold such that a prediction that two bacterial strains having a genomic distance above the fourth threshold do not belong to the bacterial outbreak has a maximum sensitivity. <EOS>