An anion exchange stationary phase comprising: a) a negatively charged substrate particle; b) a base condensation polymer layer attached to the negatively charged substrate particle, the base condensation polymer layer comprises: i) quaternary ammonium groups; ii) ether groups; and iii) hydroxy groups, in which at least a portion of the hydroxy groups are spaced from the quaternary ammonium groups by a first two carbon spacer and the base condensation polymer layer is formed from methylamine and 1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether; c) a crosslinked ethanolamine condensation polymer layer covalently attached to the base condensation polymer layer, the crosslinked ethanolamine condensation polymer layer comprises: i) quaternary ammonium groups; ii) ether groups, in which at least a portion of the ether groups are spaced from the quaternary ammonium groups by a second two carbon spacer; and iii) hydroxy groups, in which at least a portion of the hydroxy groups are spaced from the quaternary ammonium groups by the first two carbon spacer; and d) a glycidol condensation layer covalently attached to the crosslinked ethanolamine condensation polymer layer, the glycidol condensation layer comprises: a plurality of dihydroxy groups, in which each dihydroxy group includes a first hydroxy group and a second hydroxy group, and the first hydroxy is spaced from the second hydroxy by the first two carbon spacer, in which at least a portion of the first hydroxy groups are spaced from the quaternary ammonium groups of the crosslinked ethanolamine condensation polymer layer by the first two carbon spacer. a) a negatively charged substrate particle; b) a base condensation polymer layer attached to the negatively charged substrate particle, the base condensation polymer layer comprises: i) quaternary ammonium groups; ii) ether groups; and iii) hydroxy groups, in which at least a portion of the hydroxy groups are spaced from the quaternary ammonium groups by a first two carbon spacer and the base condensation polymer layer is formed from methylamine and 1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether; i) quaternary ammonium groups; ii) ether groups; and iii) hydroxy groups, in which at least a portion of the hydroxy groups are spaced from the quaternary ammonium groups by a first two carbon spacer and the base condensation polymer layer is formed from methylamine and 1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether; c) a crosslinked ethanolamine condensation polymer layer covalently attached to the base condensation polymer layer, the crosslinked ethanolamine condensation polymer layer comprises: i) quaternary ammonium groups; ii) ether groups, in which at least a portion of the ether groups are spaced from the quaternary ammonium groups by a second two carbon spacer; and iii) hydroxy groups, in which at least a portion of the hydroxy groups are spaced from the quaternary ammonium groups by the first two carbon spacer; and i) quaternary ammonium groups; ii) ether groups, in which at least a portion of the ether groups are spaced from the quaternary ammonium groups by a second two carbon spacer; and iii) hydroxy groups, in which at least a portion of the hydroxy groups are spaced from the quaternary ammonium groups by the first two carbon spacer; and d) a glycidol condensation layer covalently attached to the crosslinked ethanolamine condensation polymer layer, the glycidol condensation layer comprises: a plurality of dihydroxy groups, in which each dihydroxy group includes a first hydroxy group and a second hydroxy group, and the first hydroxy is spaced from the second hydroxy by the first two carbon spacer, in which at least a portion of the first hydroxy groups are spaced from the quaternary ammonium groups of the crosslinked ethanolamine condensation polymer layer by the first two carbon spacer. <EOS>