A method for hot isostatic pressing comprising the steps of: providing or obtaining an article of manufacture, which comprises a metal alloy or a ceramic; disposing the article of manufacture in a shroud , the shroud defining a first enclosed volume wherein the article of manufacture is disposed, the shroud being configured as a multi-piece joined structure that retards gaseous mass transport from outside the shroud to inside the enclosed volume, wherein the shroud includes sealing means , such as a weld line, a double-walled lip, or any mechanical fastening means; disposing the shroud in a containment vessel of a hot isostatic pressing apparatus and disposing a getter material in the containment vessel but outside of the shroud , the containment vessel outside of the shroud defining a second enclosed volume ; withdrawing or evacuating standard atmospheric gasses from within the containment vessel ; and introducing an inert gas at an elevated temperature and pressure into the containment vessel for hot isostatic pressing , wherein upon introducing the inert gas at the elevated temperature, the shroud inhibits gaseous mass transport from the second enclosed volume to the first enclosed volume such that the inert gas in the second enclosed volume maintains a higher temperature than the inert gas in the first enclosed volume for a period of time of ten minutes to ten hours, and wherein the temperature of the inert gas within the first enclosed volume increases during the period of time until the temperature of the inert gasses in the first and second enclosed volumes substantially equalize at the end of the period of time . providing or obtaining an article of manufacture, which comprises a metal alloy or a ceramic; disposing the article of manufacture in a shroud , the shroud defining a first enclosed volume wherein the article of manufacture is disposed, the shroud being configured as a multi-piece joined structure that retards gaseous mass transport from outside the shroud to inside the enclosed volume, wherein the shroud includes sealing means , such as a weld line, a double-walled lip, or any mechanical fastening means; disposing the shroud in a containment vessel of a hot isostatic pressing apparatus and disposing a getter material in the containment vessel but outside of the shroud , the containment vessel outside of the shroud defining a second enclosed volume ; withdrawing or evacuating standard atmospheric gasses from within the containment vessel ; and introducing an inert gas at an elevated temperature and pressure into the containment vessel for hot isostatic pressing , wherein upon introducing the inert gas at the elevated temperature, the shroud inhibits gaseous mass transport from the second enclosed volume to the first enclosed volume such that the inert gas in the second enclosed volume maintains a higher temperature than the inert gas in the first enclosed volume for a period of time of ten minutes to ten hours, and wherein the temperature of the inert gas within the first enclosed volume increases during the period of time until the temperature of the inert gasses in the first and second enclosed volumes substantially equalize at the end of the period of time . <EOS>