A method of forming a lens transfer structure comprising: providing a carrier layer ; applying a layer of a first material over a first surface of the carrier layer , the layer of the first material being substantially transparent and having opposed first and second surfaces, the second surface being disposed between the carrier layer and the first surface; forming a lens relief structure in the first surface of the layer of first material ; applying a layer of a second, curable material over the first surface of the layer of first material , the second, curable material being substantially transparent, having a refractive index different from a refractive index of the first material , and having opposing first and second surfaces, the second surface of the layer of second, curable material being disposed between the first surface of the layer of second, curable material and the layer of first material , and the second surface of the layer of second, curable material , conforming to the lens relief structure in the first surface of the layer of first material; and curing, at least partly, the layer of second, curable material ; wherein the carrier layer is removable from the layer of first material ; and characterised by either: a) forming a diffraction relief structure, a reflective relief structure and/or a refractive relief structure in the first surface of the layer of second curable material; or b) applying one or more optical spacer layers over the first surface of the layer of second curable material, each optical spacer layer having opposing first and second surfaces and forming a diffraction relief structure in the first or second surface of one of the one or more optical spacer layers. providing a carrier layer ; applying a layer of a first material over a first surface of the carrier layer , the layer of the first material being substantially transparent and having opposed first and second surfaces, the second surface being disposed between the carrier layer and the first surface; forming a lens relief structure in the first surface of the layer of first material ; applying a layer of a second, curable material over the first surface of the layer of first material , the second, curable material being substantially transparent, having a refractive index different from a refractive index of the first material , and having opposing first and second surfaces, the second surface of the layer of second, curable material being disposed between the first surface of the layer of second, curable material and the layer of first material , and the second surface of the layer of second, curable material , conforming to the lens relief structure in the first surface of the layer of first material; and curing, at least partly, the layer of second, curable material ; wherein the carrier layer is removable from the layer of first material ; and characterised by either: a) forming a diffraction relief structure, a reflective relief structure and/or a refractive relief structure in the first surface of the layer of second curable material; or b) applying one or more optical spacer layers over the first surface of the layer of second curable material, each optical spacer layer having opposing first and second surfaces and forming a diffraction relief structure in the first or second surface of one of the one or more optical spacer layers. a) forming a diffraction relief structure, a reflective relief structure and/or a refractive relief structure in the first surface of the layer of second curable material; or b) applying one or more optical spacer layers over the first surface of the layer of second curable material, each optical spacer layer having opposing first and second surfaces and forming a diffraction relief structure in the first or second surface of one of the one or more optical spacer layers. <EOS>