A method for recovering an OTUk frame, comprising: receiving an optical signal sent by using a method of multi-lane distribution of the OTUk frame to an interface of an optical module; converting the optical signal into an electrical signal, performing electrical equalization and demodulation on the electrical signal, and recovering multi-lane data from the demodulated signal; aligning and rearranging the data on each lane, according to a lane sequence identifier comprised in an overhead frame header of the data on each lane, and recovering the OTUk frame according to the aligned and rearranged data; characterized by further comprising: detecting a bit error performance of each lane according to the recovered multi-lane data, wherein the detecting a bit error performance of the each lane according to the recovered multi-lane data comprises: searching the overhead frame header comprising the lane sequence identifier in the lane data;and performing feedback control on an equalizer algorithm by using the performance detection result, wherein the performing feedback control on the equalizer by using the performance detection result comprises: notifying the equalizer of switching to a control algorithm having higher convergence efficiency, if the information of the overhead frame header is searched out. receiving an optical signal sent by using a method of multi-lane distribution of the OTUk frame to an interface of an optical module; converting the optical signal into an electrical signal, performing electrical equalization and demodulation on the electrical signal, and recovering multi-lane data from the demodulated signal; aligning and rearranging the data on each lane, according to a lane sequence identifier comprised in an overhead frame header of the data on each lane, and recovering the OTUk frame according to the aligned and rearranged data; characterized by further comprising: detecting a bit error performance of each lane according to the recovered multi-lane data, wherein the detecting a bit error performance of the each lane according to the recovered multi-lane data comprises: searching the overhead frame header comprising the lane sequence identifier in the lane data;and performing feedback control on an equalizer algorithm by using the performance detection result, wherein the performing feedback control on the equalizer by using the performance detection result comprises: notifying the equalizer of switching to a control algorithm having higher convergence efficiency, if the information of the overhead frame header is searched out. detecting a bit error performance of each lane according to the recovered multi-lane data, wherein the detecting a bit error performance of the each lane according to the recovered multi-lane data comprises: searching the overhead frame header comprising the lane sequence identifier in the lane data;and performing feedback control on an equalizer algorithm by using the performance detection result, wherein the performing feedback control on the equalizer by using the performance detection result comprises: notifying the equalizer of switching to a control algorithm having higher convergence efficiency, if the information of the overhead frame header is searched out.