A multi-stage method for the anti-corrosion pretreatment of components made at least in part of metal materials, in which firstly i) at least part of the surfaces of the component that are made of the metal materials is brought into contact with an aqueous composition containing a dissolved and/or dispersed salt of a quaternary organic amine selected from heterocycles comprising at least one quaternary nitrogen heteroatom and the following structural formula: having the functional groups R 1, R 2 and R 3, which are each selected from hydrogen, branched or unbranched aliphatic compounds having no more than 6 carbon atoms or the functional group -(CR 4 R 4) x -[Z(R 4) (p-1) -(CR 4 R 4) y] n -Z(R 4) p, wherein Z in each case is selected from oxygen or nitrogen and p assumes the value 2 if Z is nitrogen and otherwise is equal to 1, and x and y are each natural numbers from 1 to 4 and n is also a natural number from 0 to 4 and R 4 is selected from hydrogen or branched or unbranched aliphatic compounds having no more than 6 carbon atoms, with the proviso that at least one of the functional groups R 2 or R 3 is not selected from hydrogen; having Y as a ring-constituting divalent functional group having no more than 5 bridge atoms, wherein it is not possible for more than one hetero-bridge atom which is different from carbon atoms and is selected from oxygen, nitrogen or sulfur to be a bridge atom, and the carbon atoms in turn are substituted, independently of one another, with functional groups R 1 or functional groups by means of which aromatic homocycles having no more than 6 carbon atoms are anellated, and subsequently ii) at least the same part of the surfaces of the component that are made of the metal materials is brought into contact with an aqueous composition containing one or more water-soluble compounds of the elements Zr, Ti and/or Si. i) at least part of the surfaces of the component that are made of the metal materials is brought into contact with an aqueous composition containing a dissolved and/or dispersed salt of a quaternary organic amine selected from heterocycles comprising at least one quaternary nitrogen heteroatom and the following structural formula: having the functional groups R 1, R 2 and R 3, which are each selected from hydrogen, branched or unbranched aliphatic compounds having no more than 6 carbon atoms or the functional group -(CR 4 R 4) x -[Z(R 4) (p-1) -(CR 4 R 4) y] n -Z(R 4) p, wherein Z in each case is selected from oxygen or nitrogen and p assumes the value 2 if Z is nitrogen and otherwise is equal to 1, and x and y are each natural numbers from 1 to 4 and n is also a natural number from 0 to 4 and R 4 is selected from hydrogen or branched or unbranched aliphatic compounds having no more than 6 carbon atoms, with the proviso that at least one of the functional groups R 2 or R 3 is not selected from hydrogen; having Y as a ring-constituting divalent functional group having no more than 5 bridge atoms, wherein it is not possible for more than one hetero-bridge atom which is different from carbon atoms and is selected from oxygen, nitrogen or sulfur to be a bridge atom, and the carbon atoms in turn are substituted, independently of one another, with functional groups R 1 or functional groups by means of which aromatic homocycles having no more than 6 carbon atoms are anellated, and subsequently ii) at least the same part of the surfaces of the component that are made of the metal materials is brought into contact with an aqueous composition containing one or more water-soluble compounds of the elements Zr, Ti and/or Si.