A method for controlling the orientation of a single-axis solar tracker orientable about an axis of rotation, said method implementing the following steps: a) observing the evolution over time of the cloud coverage above the solar tracker, by observing the cloud coverage at several consecutive instants by means of an observation system of the sky above the solar tracker; b) translating each observation performed by the observation system into a mapping of the solar luminance and determining the evolution over time of an optimum inclination angle (θopt) of the solar tracker corresponding substantially to the maximum solar radiation on the solar tracker, depending on the observed cloud coverage, by calculating for each mapping at each instant an optimum inclination angle (θopt) associated to the maximum solar luminance on said mapping; c) predicting the future evolution of the cloud coverage based on the prior observed evolution of the cloud coverage, by calculating at each present instant at least a predictive mapping of the solar luminance at a future instant, by implementing a predictive calculation taking into account an evolution of the distribution of the solar luminance on the mappings established at several past instants and a speed of evolution of the solar luminance between said mappings established at several past instants; d) calculating the future evolution of the optimum inclination angle (θopt) depending on the prediction of the future evolution of the cloud coverage, by calculating for each predictive mapping a predictive optimum inclination angle (θopt) at a future instant associated to the maximum of the solar luminance on said predictive mapping; e) servo-controlling the orientation of the solar tracker depending on the prior evolution of the optimum inclination angle (θopt) and depending on the future evolution of the optimum inclination angle (θopt). a) observing the evolution over time of the cloud coverage above the solar tracker, by observing the cloud coverage at several consecutive instants by means of an observation system of the sky above the solar tracker; b) translating each observation performed by the observation system into a mapping of the solar luminance and determining the evolution over time of an optimum inclination angle (θopt) of the solar tracker corresponding substantially to the maximum solar radiation on the solar tracker, depending on the observed cloud coverage, by calculating for each mapping at each instant an optimum inclination angle (θopt) associated to the maximum solar luminance on said mapping; c) predicting the future evolution of the cloud coverage based on the prior observed evolution of the cloud coverage, by calculating at each present instant at least a predictive mapping of the solar luminance at a future instant, by implementing a predictive calculation taking into account an evolution of the distribution of the solar luminance on the mappings established at several past instants and a speed of evolution of the solar luminance between said mappings established at several past instants; d) calculating the future evolution of the optimum inclination angle (θopt) depending on the prediction of the future evolution of the cloud coverage, by calculating for each predictive mapping a predictive optimum inclination angle (θopt) at a future instant associated to the maximum of the solar luminance on said predictive mapping; e) servo-controlling the orientation of the solar tracker depending on the prior evolution of the optimum inclination angle (θopt) and depending on the future evolution of the optimum inclination angle (θopt).