Method for monitoring and controlling an electrical network that includes at least one transformer station delimiting a medium-voltage sub-network and a low-voltage sub-network and a plurality of entities (Ei) connected to a determined voltage of the low-voltage sub-network, each entity being a consumer and/or a producer of electricity in the low-voltage sub-network, said method being implemented by a monitoring and control system comprising at least one processing unit, characterized in that said method includes: - a step of acquiring an amount of electrical power consumed and/or produced by each entity (Ei) of the low-voltage sub-network at successive time intervals; - a step of determining, at each new time interval, a production and/or consumption quota (q) to be attributed to each entity (Ei); - a step of determining a minimum ( q min ( t)) and a maximum ( q max ( t)) production and/or consumption quota value to be observed for each entity (Ei) taking into account the amount of electrical power consumed and/or produced at a time interval ( p cons ( t - 1), p prod ( t - 1)) preceding said new time interval; - a step of determining a projected consumed and/or produced amount of electrical power p cons t ̃, p prod t ̃ for each entity, based on said consumed and/or produced amount of electrical power acquired at a time interval preceding said new time interval; - said production and/or consumption quota (q) being a solution to an optimization problem taking into account: - at least one unique data model (MD1, MD2) acquired by learning, applied at each new time interval and including data that are representative of an effect of the amount of electrical power consumed and/or produced by each entity (Ei) on at least one monitored electrical quantity; - technical constraints to be observed for said at least one monitored quantity; - said determined minimum and maximum production and/or consumption quota values; - said determined projected consumed and/or produced amount of electrical power for each entity; - an optimization function selected to allocate the production and/or consumption quotas to the entities; - a step of determining control data (Dx) on the production and/or on the consumption of electricity to be applied to one or more entities of the low-voltage sub-network taking into account each determined production and/or consumption quota. - a step of acquiring an amount of electrical power consumed and/or produced by each entity (Ei) of the low-voltage sub-network at successive time intervals; - a step of determining, at each new time interval, a production and/or consumption quota (q) to be attributed to each entity (Ei); - a step of determining a minimum ( q min ( t)) and a maximum ( q max ( t)) production and/or consumption quota value to be observed for each entity (Ei) taking into account the amount of electrical power consumed and/or produced at a time interval ( p cons ( t - 1), p prod ( t - 1)) preceding said new time interval; - a step of determining a projected consumed and/or produced amount of electrical power p cons t ̃, p prod t ̃ for each entity, based on said consumed and/or produced amount of electrical power acquired at a time interval preceding said new time interval; - said production and/or consumption quota (q) being a solution to an optimization problem taking into account: - at least one unique data model (MD1, MD2) acquired by learning, applied at each new time interval and including data that are representative of an effect of the amount of electrical power consumed and/or produced by each entity (Ei) on at least one monitored electrical quantity; - technical constraints to be observed for said at least one monitored quantity; - said determined minimum and maximum production and/or consumption quota values; - said determined projected consumed and/or produced amount of electrical power for each entity; - an optimization function selected to allocate the production and/or consumption quotas to the entities; - at least one unique data model (MD1, MD2) acquired by learning, applied at each new time interval and including data that are representative of an effect of the amount of electrical power consumed and/or produced by each entity (Ei) on at least one monitored electrical quantity; - technical constraints to be observed for said at least one monitored quantity; - said determined minimum and maximum production and/or consumption quota values; - said determined projected consumed and/or produced amount of electrical power for each entity; - an optimization function selected to allocate the production and/or consumption quotas to the entities; - a step of determining control data (Dx) on the production and/or on the consumption of electricity to be applied to one or more entities of the low-voltage sub-network taking into account each determined production and/or consumption quota.