A method for configuring data transmission, comprising: configuring a hybrid automatic repeat request HARQ synchronization attribute of a data packet, wherein the HARQ synchronization attribute comprises synchronous HARQ or asynchronous HARQ, and configuring an HARQ process ID of the data packet when the HARQ synchronization attribute of the data packet is configured to asynchronous HARQ; and sending downlink control information for scheduling the data packet to a user equipment; characterized in that the configuring an HARQ synchronization attribute of a data packet comprises: presetting the HARQ synchronization attribute of the data packet to synchronous HARQ when an initially transmitted packet of the data packet is transmitted in a fixed uplink subframe, and presetting the HARQ synchronization attribute of the data packet to asynchronous HARQ when an initially transmitted packet of the data packet is transmitted in a flexible subframe that serves as an uplink subframe; wherein a fixed subframe is a subframe whose uplink or downlink attribute cannot be changed dynamically within the valid time of a TDD uplink-downlink configuration, and wherein a flexible subframe is a subframe that can be dynamically or semi-statically configured as an uplink subframe or a downlink subframe within the valid time of a TDD uplink-downlink configuration. configuring a hybrid automatic repeat request HARQ synchronization attribute of a data packet, wherein the HARQ synchronization attribute comprises synchronous HARQ or asynchronous HARQ, and configuring an HARQ process ID of the data packet when the HARQ synchronization attribute of the data packet is configured to asynchronous HARQ; and sending downlink control information for scheduling the data packet to a user equipment; characterized in that the configuring an HARQ synchronization attribute of a data packet comprises: presetting the HARQ synchronization attribute of the data packet to synchronous HARQ when an initially transmitted packet of the data packet is transmitted in a fixed uplink subframe, and presetting the HARQ synchronization attribute of the data packet to asynchronous HARQ when an initially transmitted packet of the data packet is transmitted in a flexible subframe that serves as an uplink subframe; wherein a fixed subframe is a subframe whose uplink or downlink attribute cannot be changed dynamically within the valid time of a TDD uplink-downlink configuration, and wherein a flexible subframe is a subframe that can be dynamically or semi-statically configured as an uplink subframe or a downlink subframe within the valid time of a TDD uplink-downlink configuration. presetting the HARQ synchronization attribute of the data packet to synchronous HARQ when an initially transmitted packet of the data packet is transmitted in a fixed uplink subframe, and presetting the HARQ synchronization attribute of the data packet to asynchronous HARQ when an initially transmitted packet of the data packet is transmitted in a flexible subframe that serves as an uplink subframe; wherein a fixed subframe is a subframe whose uplink or downlink attribute cannot be changed dynamically within the valid time of a TDD uplink-downlink configuration, and wherein a flexible subframe is a subframe that can be dynamically or semi-statically configured as an uplink subframe or a downlink subframe within the valid time of a TDD uplink-downlink configuration.