A parking management system comprising: a terminal device; and a server device, wherein the terminal device includes a storage unit that is configured to store user information, a reading unit that is configured to read identification information of a parking space from a code associated with the parking space, and a transmission unit that is configured to transmit, to the server device, parking position information which includes the stored user information and the read identification information, and wherein the server device includes a receiving unit that is configured to receive the parking position information from the terminal device, and an identifying unit that is configured to identify a position where a vehicle is parked and a user of the parked vehicle, based on the received parking position information, wherein: the terminal device includes a positioning unit, a sensor unit that is configured to sense a state of the user including stationary, in-vehicle, walking, driving and moving by train, and a determining unit that is configured to determine a start or end of parking of a vehicle based on a position of the terminal device identified by the positioning unit and a result of sensing by the sensor unit; the transmission unit is configured to transmit parking start information or parking end information to the server device based on a result of the determination; and in the server device, the receiving unit is configured to receive the parking start information or the parking end information, and the identifying unit is configured to identify a parking duration of a vehicle based on the parking start information or the parking end information. a terminal device; and a server device, wherein the terminal device includes a storage unit that is configured to store user information, a reading unit that is configured to read identification information of a parking space from a code associated with the parking space, and a transmission unit that is configured to transmit, to the server device, parking position information which includes the stored user information and the read identification information, and a storage unit that is configured to store user information, a reading unit that is configured to read identification information of a parking space from a code associated with the parking space, and a transmission unit that is configured to transmit, to the server device, parking position information which includes the stored user information and the read identification information, and wherein the server device includes a receiving unit that is configured to receive the parking position information from the terminal device, and an identifying unit that is configured to identify a position where a vehicle is parked and a user of the parked vehicle, based on the received parking position information, wherein: a receiving unit that is configured to receive the parking position information from the terminal device, and an identifying unit that is configured to identify a position where a vehicle is parked and a user of the parked vehicle, based on the received parking position information, wherein: the terminal device includes a positioning unit, a sensor unit that is configured to sense a state of the user including stationary, in-vehicle, walking, driving and moving by train, and a determining unit that is configured to determine a start or end of parking of a vehicle based on a position of the terminal device identified by the positioning unit and a result of sensing by the sensor unit; a positioning unit, a sensor unit that is configured to sense a state of the user including stationary, in-vehicle, walking, driving and moving by train, and a determining unit that is configured to determine a start or end of parking of a vehicle based on a position of the terminal device identified by the positioning unit and a result of sensing by the sensor unit; the transmission unit is configured to transmit parking start information or parking end information to the server device based on a result of the determination; and in the server device, the receiving unit is configured to receive the parking start information or the parking end information, and the identifying unit is configured to identify a parking duration of a vehicle based on the parking start information or the parking end information.