A computer-implemented method for inspecting a container, comprising: classifying an inspection image of the container in a matching class of one or more predetermined classes of containers of interest, each predetermined class comprising reference images associated with a type of containers of interest, wherein the inspection image is generated using transmission of inspection radiation through the container, the classifying comprising applying a trained classifier to a classification descriptor of the inspection image generated by extracting image features of the inspection image, wherein the classifier has been trained by applying the classifier to a classification descriptor of each of the reference images, the classification descriptor of each of the reference images being generated by extracting image features of the reference images; comparing a shape model of the inspection image to corresponding shape models associated with reference images within the matching class, wherein comparing the shape models comprises applying a trained statistical shape model, SSM, to the inspection image to obtain a vector of parameters of the inspection image, and wherein the SSM has been trained on the reference images to obtain vectors of parameters of the reference images; associating the inspection image with a matching reference image, based on the comparison between each of the vectors of parameters of the reference images and the vector of parameters of the inspection image; registering one or more zones of the inspection image with corresponding one or more zones of the matching reference image; and mapping differences between the inspection image and the matching reference image, based on the registration. classifying an inspection image of the container in a matching class of one or more predetermined classes of containers of interest, each predetermined class comprising reference images associated with a type of containers of interest, wherein the inspection image is generated using transmission of inspection radiation through the container, the classifying comprising applying a trained classifier to a classification descriptor of the inspection image generated by extracting image features of the inspection image, wherein the classifier has been trained by applying the classifier to a classification descriptor of each of the reference images, the classification descriptor of each of the reference images being generated by extracting image features of the reference images; wherein the inspection image is generated using transmission of inspection radiation through the container, the classifying comprising applying a trained classifier to a classification descriptor of the inspection image generated by extracting image features of the inspection image, wherein the classifier has been trained by applying the classifier to a classification descriptor of each of the reference images, the classification descriptor of each of the reference images being generated by extracting image features of the reference images; comparing a shape model of the inspection image to corresponding shape models associated with reference images within the matching class, wherein comparing the shape models comprises applying a trained statistical shape model, SSM, to the inspection image to obtain a vector of parameters of the inspection image, and wherein the SSM has been trained on the reference images to obtain vectors of parameters of the reference images; wherein comparing the shape models comprises applying a trained statistical shape model, SSM, to the inspection image to obtain a vector of parameters of the inspection image, and wherein the SSM has been trained on the reference images to obtain vectors of parameters of the reference images; associating the inspection image with a matching reference image, based on the comparison between each of the vectors of parameters of the reference images and the vector of parameters of the inspection image; registering one or more zones of the inspection image with corresponding one or more zones of the matching reference image; and mapping differences between the inspection image and the matching reference image, based on the registration.