An ultra-large physical simulation facility for deep engineering disasters, comprising: a long-time large-load loading system for a geological model, a 3D printing system of a deep oil, gas and water multiphase multi-component complex geological body model, a high-temperature-chemical-multiphase fluid collaborative injection, monitoring and control system, a robot excavation and monitoring system for a complex engineering structure in a model under deep geological environment, an intelligent ventilation system for a deep metal mine complex drilling, mining and transferring network, an intelligent filling system for a deep metal mine ultra-large stope, a deep-well enhanced geothermal safe intelligent mining system, an all-spatial-temporal intelligent high-precision monitoring system for an excavation and fracture process of a large-scale geological model, and an ultra-large multi-task intelligent collaborative main control and digital twin system for physical simulation tests, wherein the long-time large-load loading system for the geological model comprises a large concrete foundation pit mounting slot, an ultra-large physical simulation test device for deep engineering disasters, a distributed main control center, a cluster large-flow high-pressure hydraulic pump station, a circulating cooling water cooling tower and an electric control cabinet; the ultra-large physical simulation test device for deep engineering disasters is arranged in the large concrete foundation pit mounting slot; the distributed main control center, the circulating cooling water cooling tower and the electric control cabinet are located on a ground and adjacent to the large concrete foundation pit mounting slot; the cluster large-flow high-pressure hydraulic pump station is located under the ground, and is adjacent to the large concrete foundation pit mounting slot; the 3D printing system of the deep oil, gas and water multiphase multi-component complex geological body model is located on the ground and adjacent to the ultra-large physical simulation test device for deep engineering disasters, and a model sample transferring device is configured between the 3D printing system of the deep oil, gas and water multiphase multi-component complex geological body model and the ultra-large physical simulation test device for deep engineering disasters; the high-temperature-chemical-multiphase fluid collaborative injection, monitoring and control system is used in conjunction with the ultra-large physical simulation test device for deep engineering disasters, and comprises a gas injection pressurization and monitoring device and a water injection pressurization and monitoring device which are used for injection and real-time monitoring of liquid phase, gas phase, critical and supercritical gas, a chemical reaction pressurization and monitoring device for realizing injection of acid chemical solution fluid, a constant pressure and constant flow device and a constant temperature and constant pressure device; the robot excavation and monitoring system for the complex engineering structure in a model under deep geological environment is used in conjunction with the ultra-large physical simulation test device for deep engineering disasters, and comprises a three-coordinate feeding system for excavation of primary channels, and a multi-joint peristaltic robot for fine excavation of secondary channels and fine excavation of tertiary and remote structures, wherein the multi-joint peristaltic robot is provided with a rotary reamer, an auxiliary tooling and a multi-degree-of-freedom flexible manipulator; the intelligent ventilation system for the deep metal mine complex drilling, mining and transferring network is used in conjunction with the ultra-large physical simulation test device for deep engineering disasters, and is used for simulating ventilation engineering activities; the intelligent filling system for the deep metal mine ultra-large stope is used in conjunction with the ultra-large physical simulation test device for deep engineering disasters and is used for simulating filling of the stope; the deep-well enhanced geothermal safe intelligent mining system is used in conjunction with the ultra-large physical simulation test device for deep engineering disasters and is used for simulating drilling of injection wells and production wells; the all-spatial-temporal intelligent high-precision monitoring system for the excavation and fracture process of the large-scale geological model comprises many types of sensors, the sensors are mounted in a pre-embedded manner in a 3D printing process of a physical model sample, and the all-spatial-temporal intelligent high-precision monitoring system for the excavation and fracture process of the large-scale geological model is used for monitoring many types of sensing data; and the ultra-large multi-task intelligent collaborative main control and digital twin system for the physical simulation tests is located on the ground and adjacent to the ultra-large physical simulation test device for deep engineering disasters, and comprises a collaborative main control subsystem for data interconnection, collaborative control and scheduling, as well as data acquisition and display among various systems in the facility, and a big data computing subsystem for batch flow fusion tests used for batch flow fusion processing of a unified computing engine, and a digital twin subsystem for physical simulation tests used for fully transparent interactive display of deep engineering physical simulation tests.