A polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography apparatus for determining non-depolarizing polarization parameters of a sample, comprising: at least one frequency swept light source first arrangement configured to provide at least one first electro-magnetic light radiation, wherein a frequency of radiation provided by the at least one first arrangement varies over time; a depolarizer arranged for depolarizing the at least one first electro-magnetic light radiation provided from the first arrangement to generate at least one depolarized electromagnetic light radiation; at least one splitter second arrangement (60, 80,130) comprising (i) a first splitter configured to split the at least one depolarized electromagnetic light radiation into second depolarized light radiation provided to a sample and third depolarized light radiation provided to a reference, and (ii) a polarizing second splitter arranged to split the third depolarizing light radiation into at least two orthogonally polarized reference light components; modulation means (100, 110) configured to apply different frequency modulations to the reference light components, wherein the at least one splitter second arrangement (60, 80, 130) is further configured to combine a fourth electromagnetic light, resulting from the second light radiation returning from the sample, and the modulated reference light components into an interference light radiation; detection means (170, 180) configured to simultaneously detect different polarization orthogonal components of the interference light radiation; and signal processing means configured to determine Jones matrix elements associated with the sample based on the detected polarization orthogonal components of the interference light radiation. at least one frequency swept light source first arrangement configured to provide at least one first electro-magnetic light radiation, wherein a frequency of radiation provided by the at least one first arrangement varies over time; a depolarizer arranged for depolarizing the at least one first electro-magnetic light radiation provided from the first arrangement to generate at least one depolarized electromagnetic light radiation; at least one splitter second arrangement (60, 80,130) comprising (i) a first splitter configured to split the at least one depolarized electromagnetic light radiation into second depolarized light radiation provided to a sample and third depolarized light radiation provided to a reference, and (ii) a polarizing second splitter arranged to split the third depolarizing light radiation into at least two orthogonally polarized reference light components; modulation means (100, 110) configured to apply different frequency modulations to the reference light components, wherein the at least one splitter second arrangement (60, 80, 130) is further configured to combine a fourth electromagnetic light, resulting from the second light radiation returning from the sample, and the modulated reference light components into an interference light radiation; detection means (170, 180) configured to simultaneously detect different polarization orthogonal components of the interference light radiation; and signal processing means configured to determine Jones matrix elements associated with the sample based on the detected polarization orthogonal components of the interference light radiation.