A method for generating a random access channel ZC sequence, comprising: selecting, by a base station, a shift serial number v from a range of 0 to n shift RA n group RA + n ̅ shift RA − 1, wherein v is a positive integer, n shift RA is a quantity of candidate sequence shifts of user equipment,UE, in one group, n group RA is a quantity of groups, and n ̅ shift RA is a quantity of candidate sequence shifts of UE within a last length that is insufficient for one group; and obtaining, by the base station, a cyclic shift value C v according to the shift serial number v by using the following formula: C v = d offset + d start ⌊ v / n shift RA ⌋ + v mod n shift RA N CS wherein d offset is a shift offset, d start is a cyclic shift distance between neighboring groups, n shift RA is the quantity of candidate sequence shifts of UE in one group, and N CS is a quantity of cyclic shifts occupied by one user; generating, by the base station, a random access ZC sequence Xu,Cv(n) according to the cyclic shift value Cv by using the following formula: Xu, Cv n = Xu n + Cv mod Nzc wherein Nzc is a sequence length, and a ZC sequence whose root is u is defined as Xu(n) = e -jπun(n+1)/Nzc, where 0 ≤ n ≤ Nzc -1 and n shift RA, d start, n group RA, and n ̅ shift RA meet formulas to; or n shift RA, d start, n group RA, and n ̅ shift RA meet formulas to; or n shift RA, d start, n group RA, and n ̅ shift RA meet formulas to: n shift RA = ⌊ d u / N CS ⌋ d start = 4 d u + n shift RA N CS n group RA = ⌊ N ZC / d start ⌋ n ̅ shift RA = max ⌊ N ZC − 4 d u − n group RA d start / N CS ⌋,0 n shift RA = ⌊ N ZC − 4 d u / N CS ⌋ d start = N ZC − 4 d u + n shift RA N CS n group RA = ⌊ d u / d start ⌋ n ̅ shift RA = min max ⌊ d u − n group RA d start / N CS ⌋,0, n shift RA n shift RA = ⌊ N ZC − 3 d u / N CS ⌋ d start = N ZC − 3 d u + n shift RA N CS n group RA = ⌊ d u / d start ⌋ and n ̅ shift RA = 0 wherein d u is a cyclic shift to which a ZC sequence corresponds when a Doppler frequency shift is one time a selecting, by a base station, a shift serial number v from a range of 0 to n shift RA n group RA + n ̅ shift RA − 1, wherein v is a positive integer, n shift RA is a quantity of candidate sequence shifts of user equipment,UE, in one group, n group RA is a quantity of groups, and n ̅ shift RA is a quantity of candidate sequence shifts of UE within a last length that is insufficient for one group; and obtaining, by the base station, a cyclic shift value C v according to the shift serial number v by using the following formula: C v = d offset + d start ⌊ v / n shift RA ⌋ + v mod n shift RA N CS wherein d offset is a shift offset, d start is a cyclic shift distance between neighboring groups, n shift RA is the quantity of candidate sequence shifts of UE in one group, and N CS is a quantity of cyclic shifts occupied by one user; generating, by the base station, a random access ZC sequence Xu,Cv(n) according to the cyclic shift value Cv by using the following formula: Xu, Cv n = Xu n + Cv mod Nzc wherein Nzc is a sequence length, and a ZC sequence whose root is u is defined as Xu(n) = e -jπun(n+1)/Nzc, where 0 ≤ n ≤ Nzc -1 and n shift RA, d start, n group RA, and n ̅ shift RA meet formulas to; or n shift RA, d start, n group RA, and n ̅ shift RA meet formulas to; or n shift RA, d start, n group RA, and n ̅ shift RA meet formulas to: n shift RA = ⌊ d u / N CS ⌋ d start = 4 d u + n shift RA N CS n group RA = ⌊ N ZC / d start ⌋ n ̅ shift RA = max ⌊ N ZC − 4 d u − n group RA d start / N CS ⌋,0 n shift RA = ⌊ N ZC − 4 d u / N CS ⌋ d start = N ZC − 4 d u + n shift RA N CS n group RA = ⌊ d u / d start ⌋ n ̅ shift RA = min max ⌊ d u − n group RA d start / N CS ⌋,0, n shift RA n shift RA = ⌊ N ZC − 3 d u / N CS ⌋ d start = N ZC − 3 d u + n shift RA N CS n group RA = ⌊ d u / d start ⌋ and n ̅ shift RA = 0 wherein d u is a cyclic shift to which a ZC sequence corresponds when a Doppler frequency shift is one time a