Method for controlling at least one section of an electromechanical element, wherein the corresponding section defines a change section, comprising the following steps: providing an electromechanical element as adjustment element, wherein with the electromechanical element at least the change section comprises at least two electrodes spaced apart from each other and a polycrystalline and ferroelectric or ferroelectric-piezoelectric material with a plurality of domains disposed between the electrodes, wherein in an initial state at least a part of the domains comprises polarization directions which differ from each other; generating an electric field between the electrodes of the change section by applying an electrical voltage in the form of at least one voltage pulse with a defined amplitude and a defined duration and permanent change in the degree of polarization of the change section depending on the amplitude and duration of the voltage pulse for a controlled permanent change in expansion of the change section of the adjustment element with: transferring a part of the domains with polarization directions which diverge from each other into a state with the same polarization direction due to the at least one voltage pulse and thereby generating a defined and without the presence of electrical voltage remaining increase in the extension of the change section of the electromechanical element along a direction of extension V, or transferring a part of the domains with the same polarization directions into a state with polarization directions which diverge from each due to the at least one voltage pulse and thereby generating a defined and without the presence of electrical voltage remaining decrease in the extension of the change section of the electromechanical element along a direction of extension V. providing an electromechanical element as adjustment element, wherein with the electromechanical element at least the change section comprises at least two electrodes spaced apart from each other and a polycrystalline and ferroelectric or ferroelectric-piezoelectric material with a plurality of domains disposed between the electrodes, wherein in an initial state at least a part of the domains comprises polarization directions which differ from each other; generating an electric field between the electrodes of the change section by applying an electrical voltage in the form of at least one voltage pulse with a defined amplitude and a defined duration and permanent change in the degree of polarization of the change section depending on the amplitude and duration of the voltage pulse for a controlled permanent change in expansion of the change section of the adjustment element with: transferring a part of the domains with polarization directions which diverge from each other into a state with the same polarization direction due to the at least one voltage pulse and thereby generating a defined and without the presence of electrical voltage remaining increase in the extension of the change section of the electromechanical element along a direction of extension V, or transferring a part of the domains with the same polarization directions into a state with polarization directions which diverge from each due to the at least one voltage pulse and thereby generating a defined and without the presence of electrical voltage remaining decrease in the extension of the change section of the electromechanical element along a direction of extension V. transferring a part of the domains with polarization directions which diverge from each other into a state with the same polarization direction due to the at least one voltage pulse and thereby generating a defined and without the presence of electrical voltage remaining increase in the extension of the change section of the electromechanical element along a direction of extension V, or transferring a part of the domains with the same polarization directions into a state with polarization directions which diverge from each due to the at least one voltage pulse and thereby generating a defined and without the presence of electrical voltage remaining decrease in the extension of the change section of the electromechanical element along a direction of extension V.