A steering apparatus for a vehicle, comprising: steering controllers (110, 120) controlling a steering motor; and an internal communications network connecting the steering controllers (110, 120), wherein each of the steering controllers (110, 120) monitors an operating state of another steering controller using the internal communications network, so that, if one of the steering controllers (110, 120) currently controlling the steering motor operates abnormally, the steering motor is controlled by at least one steering controller of the remaining steering controllers (110, 120), wherein the steering controllers (110, 120) comprise a first steering controller and a second steering controller, characterized in that: if an ignition is in an off-state and an engine is in a stopped state, the first steering controller and the second steering controller are in an off-state, if the ignition is switched to an on-state and the engine is in the stopped state, the first steering controller and the second steering controller test an initialization state, and a result of the initialization state test is normal, the steering apparatus for a vehicle is operated in a passive state; if the ignition is in the on-state and the engine is switched to a running state, the first steering controller is able to assist the steering apparatus, and the second steering controller is in a standby state to monitor the first steering controller, if the ignition is in the on-state and the engine is switched to the stopped state, the first steering controller and the second steering controller operate the steering apparatus in the passive state, and if the engine is in the stopped state and the ignition is switched to the off-state, the first steering controller and the second steering controller are in an off-state. steering controllers (110, 120) controlling a steering motor; and an internal communications network connecting the steering controllers (110, 120), wherein each of the steering controllers (110, 120) monitors an operating state of another steering controller using the internal communications network, so that, if one of the steering controllers (110, 120) currently controlling the steering motor operates abnormally, the steering motor is controlled by at least one steering controller of the remaining steering controllers (110, 120), wherein the steering controllers (110, 120) comprise a first steering controller and a second steering controller, characterized in that: if an ignition is in an off-state and an engine is in a stopped state, the first steering controller and the second steering controller are in an off-state, if the ignition is switched to an on-state and the engine is in the stopped state, the first steering controller and the second steering controller test an initialization state, and a result of the initialization state test is normal, the steering apparatus for a vehicle is operated in a passive state; if the ignition is in the on-state and the engine is switched to a running state, the first steering controller is able to assist the steering apparatus, and the second steering controller is in a standby state to monitor the first steering controller, if the ignition is in the on-state and the engine is switched to the stopped state, the first steering controller and the second steering controller operate the steering apparatus in the passive state, and if the engine is in the stopped state and the ignition is switched to the off-state, the first steering controller and the second steering controller are in an off-state. if an ignition is in an off-state and an engine is in a stopped state, the first steering controller and the second steering controller are in an off-state, if the ignition is switched to an on-state and the engine is in the stopped state, the first steering controller and the second steering controller test an initialization state, and a result of the initialization state test is normal, the steering apparatus for a vehicle is operated in a passive state; if the ignition is in the on-state and the engine is switched to a running state, the first steering controller is able to assist the steering apparatus, and the second steering controller is in a standby state to monitor the first steering controller, if the ignition is in the on-state and the engine is switched to the stopped state, the first steering controller and the second steering controller operate the steering apparatus in the passive state, and if the engine is in the stopped state and the ignition is switched to the off-state, the first steering controller and the second steering controller are in an off-state.