A recombinant microbial cell comprising: (a) polynucleotides encoding a branched chain alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase complex which comprises polypeptides having branched-chain alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase activity, lipoamide acyltransferase activity, and dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase activity, (b) a polynucleotide encoding a polypeptide having beta-ketoacyl-ACP synthase activity that utilizes a branched acyl-CoA molecule as a substrate, (c) one or more polynucleotides encoding a polypeptide having fatty acid derivative enzyme activity selected from the group consisting of: (i) a polypeptide having thioesterase activity; (ii) a polypeptide having decarboxylase activity; (iii) a polypeptide having carboxylic acid reductase activity; (iv) a polypeptide having alcohol dehydrogenase activity (EC 1.1.1.1); (v) a polypeptide having aldehyde decarbonylase activity (EC 4.1.99.5); (vi) a polypeptide having acyl-CoA reductase activity (EC 1.2.1.50); (vii) a polypeptide having acyl-ACP reductase activity; (viii) a polypeptide having ester synthase activity (EC 3.1.1.67); (ix) a polypeptide having OleA activity; and (x) a polypeptide having OleCD or OleBCD activity, and (d) a polynucleotide encoding a polypeptide having aspartokinase activity, wherein at least one polynucleotide according to (a), (b) or (d) encodes a polypeptide that is heterologous to the recombinant microbial cell, and wherein the recombinant microbial cell produces an anteiso-branched fatty acid derivative when cultured in the presence of a carbon source under conditions effective to express the polynucleotides. (a) polynucleotides encoding a branched chain alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase complex which comprises polypeptides having branched-chain alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase activity, lipoamide acyltransferase activity, and dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase activity, (b) a polynucleotide encoding a polypeptide having beta-ketoacyl-ACP synthase activity that utilizes a branched acyl-CoA molecule as a substrate, (c) one or more polynucleotides encoding a polypeptide having fatty acid derivative enzyme activity selected from the group consisting of: (i) a polypeptide having thioesterase activity; (ii) a polypeptide having decarboxylase activity; (iii) a polypeptide having carboxylic acid reductase activity; (iv) a polypeptide having alcohol dehydrogenase activity (EC 1.1.1.1); (v) a polypeptide having aldehyde decarbonylase activity (EC 4.1.99.5); (vi) a polypeptide having acyl-CoA reductase activity (EC 1.2.1.50); (vii) a polypeptide having acyl-ACP reductase activity; (viii) a polypeptide having ester synthase activity (EC 3.1.1.67); (ix) a polypeptide having OleA activity; and (x) a polypeptide having OleCD or OleBCD activity, and (i) a polypeptide having thioesterase activity; (ii) a polypeptide having decarboxylase activity; (iii) a polypeptide having carboxylic acid reductase activity; (iv) a polypeptide having alcohol dehydrogenase activity (EC 1.1.1.1); (v) a polypeptide having aldehyde decarbonylase activity (EC 4.1.99.5); (vi) a polypeptide having acyl-CoA reductase activity (EC 1.2.1.50); (vii) a polypeptide having acyl-ACP reductase activity; (viii) a polypeptide having ester synthase activity (EC 3.1.1.67); (ix) a polypeptide having OleA activity; and (x) a polypeptide having OleCD or OleBCD activity, and (d) a polynucleotide encoding a polypeptide having aspartokinase activity,