A detection method based on a random access process, the method comprising: Performing time-domain correlation processing to a received Random Access Channel, RACH, signal and a local root sequence to obtain a plurality of RACH time-domain correlation value sequences; Determining a noise power estimation mean value P i noise corresponding to each RACH time-domain correlation value sequence or a maximum peak value P i peak of the correlation value sequence, and calculating a corresponding first detection threshold T h i 1 according to the noise power estimation mean value P i noise or the maximum peak value P i peak of the correlation value sequence; for each search window of the RACH time-domain correlation value sequence, if a peak value of the RACH time-domain correlation values is greater than the corresponding first detection threshold T h i 1, recording the peak value and a timing location thereof; for the search windows of each RACH time-domain correlation value sequence, if there are one or more sets of continuous search windows which all have the peak values greater than the first detection threshold T h i 1, determining whether the peak values of the search windows are greater than a corresponding second detection threshold T h k, i 2, wherein T h k, i 2 = γ ⋅ R peak k, R peak k refers to a maximum value of all the peak values of the search windows, 0 ≤ γ ≤ 1, i = 1,···, L, L refers to a number of the root sequences, k = 1,···, K, and K refers to a number of the sets of the continuous search windows; and converting the timing location corresponding to the peak value greater than the corresponding second detection threshold T h k, i 2 to be a timing adjustment quantity. Performing time-domain correlation processing to a received Random Access Channel, RACH, signal and a local root sequence to obtain a plurality of RACH time-domain correlation value sequences; Determining a noise power estimation mean value P i noise corresponding to each RACH time-domain correlation value sequence or a maximum peak value P i peak of the correlation value sequence, and calculating a corresponding first detection threshold T h i 1 according to the noise power estimation mean value P i noise or the maximum peak value P i peak of the correlation value sequence; for each search window of the RACH time-domain correlation value sequence, if a peak value of the RACH time-domain correlation values is greater than the corresponding first detection threshold T h i 1, recording the peak value and a timing location thereof; for the search windows of each RACH time-domain correlation value sequence, if there are one or more sets of continuous search windows which all have the peak values greater than the first detection threshold T h i 1, determining whether the peak values of the search windows are greater than a corresponding second detection threshold T h k, i 2, wherein T h k, i 2 = γ ⋅ R peak k, R peak k refers to a maximum value of all the peak values of the search windows, 0 ≤ γ ≤ 1, i = 1,···, L, L refers to a number of the root sequences, k = 1,···, K, and K refers to a number of the sets of the continuous search windows; and converting the timing location corresponding to the peak value greater than the corresponding second detection threshold T h k, i 2 to be a timing adjustment quantity.