A mobile ad-hoc communications network with multi-interface dynamic routing, comprising: a first plurality of mobile nodes (310, 320) configured for mobile wireless communication and without satellite communication; and a second plurality of mobile nodes (330, 350, 360) configured for mobile wireless communication and satellite communication, characterized by: said communications network comprising a dynamically-formed ordinary communication link and a dynamically-formed backbone link, wherein at least some of said first plurality of mobile nodes (310, 320) and at least some of said second plurality of mobile nodes (330, 350, 360) are configured to dynamically switch between operating as an ordinary node (310, 360) or as a backbone node (320, 330, 350), wherein all of said mobile nodes (310-330, 350-360) are configured to communicate over said dynamically-formed ordinary communication link and wherein only mobile nodes operating as backbone nodes (320, 330, 350) additionally are configured to communicate over said dynamically-formed backbone link, and wherein ordinary nodes and backbone nodes of said second plurality of mobile nodes are configured to communicate over said ordinary communication link by both mobile wireless communication and by satellite communication and said backbone nodes of said second plurality of mobile nodes (330, 350) are configured to communicate over said backbone link by both mobile wireless communication and by satellite communication, in accordance with an ad-hoc multi-interface dynamic routing which routes data between said mobile nodes (310-330, 350-360) over said ordinary communication link and said backbone link by mobile wireless communication and by satellite communication in accordance with respective communication capabilities of said mobile nodes. a first plurality of mobile nodes (310, 320) configured for mobile wireless communication and without satellite communication; and a second plurality of mobile nodes (330, 350, 360) configured for mobile wireless communication and satellite communication, characterized by: said communications network comprising a dynamically-formed ordinary communication link and a dynamically-formed backbone link, wherein at least some of said first plurality of mobile nodes (310, 320) and at least some of said second plurality of mobile nodes (330, 350, 360) are configured to dynamically switch between operating as an ordinary node (310, 360) or as a backbone node (320, 330, 350), wherein all of said mobile nodes (310-330, 350-360) are configured to communicate over said dynamically-formed ordinary communication link and wherein only mobile nodes operating as backbone nodes (320, 330, 350) additionally are configured to communicate over said dynamically-formed backbone link, and wherein ordinary nodes and backbone nodes of said second plurality of mobile nodes are configured to communicate over said ordinary communication link by both mobile wireless communication and by satellite communication and said backbone nodes of said second plurality of mobile nodes (330, 350) are configured to communicate over said backbone link by both mobile wireless communication and by satellite communication, in accordance with an ad-hoc multi-interface dynamic routing which routes data between said mobile nodes (310-330, 350-360) over said ordinary communication link and said backbone link by mobile wireless communication and by satellite communication in accordance with respective communication capabilities of said mobile nodes. said communications network comprising a dynamically-formed ordinary communication link and a dynamically-formed backbone link, wherein at least some of said first plurality of mobile nodes (310, 320) and at least some of said second plurality of mobile nodes (330, 350, 360) are configured to dynamically switch between operating as an ordinary node (310, 360) or as a backbone node (320, 330, 350), wherein all of said mobile nodes (310-330, 350-360) are configured to communicate over said dynamically-formed ordinary communication link and wherein only mobile nodes operating as backbone nodes (320, 330, 350) additionally are configured to communicate over said dynamically-formed backbone link, and wherein ordinary nodes and backbone nodes of said second plurality of mobile nodes are configured to communicate over said ordinary communication link by both mobile wireless communication and by satellite communication and said backbone nodes of said second plurality of mobile nodes (330, 350) are configured to communicate over said backbone link by both mobile wireless communication and by satellite communication, in accordance with an ad-hoc multi-interface dynamic routing which routes data between said mobile nodes (310-330, 350-360) over said ordinary communication link and said backbone link by mobile wireless communication and by satellite communication in accordance with respective communication capabilities of said mobile nodes.