A method for an ultrasonic detection of internal defects of a component, in particular for an aircraft, said method comprising at least the following steps: - a measuring step, implemented by an ultrasonic measuring device, consisting of carrying out measurements on a so-called zone of interest of the component, said zone of interest being divided according to a gridding comprising elementary cells, the gridding comprising identical square-shaped cells, the ultrasonic measuring device comprising a plurality of ultrasonic transmitters (T1 to TN) spaced from each other and a plurality of ultrasonic receivers (R1 to RN) spaced from each other, the ultrasonic measuring device comprising a delay line, the measuring step consisting of successively carrying out, cell after cell, for each of the cells of the gridding, a plurality of successions of operations, said successions of operations being implemented successively, ultrasonic transmitter (T1 to TN) after ultrasonic transmitter (T1 to TN), from each of the ultrasonic transmitters (T1 to TN) of the ultrasonic measuring device, each of the successions of operations comprising the following operations: the generation by the ultrasonic transmitter in question of an ultrasonic signal which is sent into the component and the measurement, by each of the ultrasonic receivers (R1 to RN) of the ultrasonic measuring device, of the amplitude of the corresponding ultrasonic signal, reflected by the cell in question of the component; - a computing step, implemented by a computing unit, consisting of computing, for each of the cells of the gridding, the sum of the amplitudes of all of the measurements carried out in the measuring step, for that cell, in order to obtain a so-called overall amplitude for said cell; and - a processing step, implemented by a processing part, consisting of at least deducing from the overall amplitudes computed for all of the cells of the gridding, as the case may be, the presence of one or more defects. - a measuring step, implemented by an ultrasonic measuring device, consisting of carrying out measurements on a so-called zone of interest of the component, said zone of interest being divided according to a gridding comprising elementary cells, the gridding comprising identical square-shaped cells, the ultrasonic measuring device comprising a plurality of ultrasonic transmitters (T1 to TN) spaced from each other and a plurality of ultrasonic receivers (R1 to RN) spaced from each other, the ultrasonic measuring device comprising a delay line, the measuring step consisting of successively carrying out, cell after cell, for each of the cells of the gridding, a plurality of successions of operations, said successions of operations being implemented successively, ultrasonic transmitter (T1 to TN) after ultrasonic transmitter (T1 to TN), from each of the ultrasonic transmitters (T1 to TN) of the ultrasonic measuring device, each of the successions of operations comprising the following operations: the generation by the ultrasonic transmitter in question of an ultrasonic signal which is sent into the component and the measurement, by each of the ultrasonic receivers (R1 to RN) of the ultrasonic measuring device, of the amplitude of the corresponding ultrasonic signal, reflected by the cell in question of the component; the measuring step consisting of successively carrying out, cell after cell, for each of the cells of the gridding, a plurality of successions of operations, said successions of operations being implemented successively, ultrasonic transmitter (T1 to TN) after ultrasonic transmitter (T1 to TN), from each of the ultrasonic transmitters (T1 to TN) of the ultrasonic measuring device, each of the successions of operations comprising the following operations: the generation by the ultrasonic transmitter in question of an ultrasonic signal which is sent into the component and the measurement, by each of the ultrasonic receivers (R1 to RN) of the ultrasonic measuring device, of the amplitude of the corresponding ultrasonic signal, reflected by the cell in question of the component; - a computing step, implemented by a computing unit, consisting of computing, for each of the cells of the gridding, the sum of the amplitudes of all of the measurements carried out in the measuring step, for that cell, in order to obtain a so-called overall amplitude for said cell; and - a processing step, implemented by a processing part, consisting of at least deducing from the overall amplitudes computed for all of the cells of the gridding, as the case may be, the presence of one or more defects.