A combustion monitoring system comprising: a computing device, including a data processor; a sensor head assembly including a sensor head affixed to a turbine engine combustion chamber, the sensor head comprising a first sized vacuum cavity located in a first position within the sensor head, and a diaphragm including a first surface positioned opposite the vacuum cavity and a second surface operatively interfaced to an inner portion of the combustion chamber, wherein the sensor head is configured to measure combustion conditions of a flame in the combustion chamber based on light transmitted via optical fibers; and an optical sensor interrogator configured on the computing device and coupled to the sensor head via a plurality of optical fibers, the optical sensor interrogator characterized by including an interferometer coupled to the sensor head and configured to determine interferometric data associated with the flame based on light transmitted to and reflected from the sensor head via a first optical fiber, the interferometer including a Fizeau wedge to project an interference pattern associated with the reflected light onto a charge-coupled device in order to determine one or more combustion characteristics based on the interferometric data, and first and second spectrometers (135A, 135B) coupled to the sensor head and configured to determine spectral data associated with the flame based on light transmitted from the flame and into the sensor head prior to transmission to the spectrometers (135A, 135B) via second optical fibers (165A, 165B), each of the spectrometers (135A, 135B) being configured independently to digitize a different portion of the spectrum of light transmitted from the sensor head in order to determine different combustion characteristics. a computing device, including a data processor; a sensor head assembly including a sensor head affixed to a turbine engine combustion chamber, the sensor head comprising a first sized vacuum cavity located in a first position within the sensor head, and a diaphragm including a first surface positioned opposite the vacuum cavity and a second surface operatively interfaced to an inner portion of the combustion chamber, a first sized vacuum cavity located in a first position within the sensor head, and a diaphragm including a first surface positioned opposite the vacuum cavity and a second surface operatively interfaced to an inner portion of the combustion chamber, wherein the sensor head is configured to measure combustion conditions of a flame in the combustion chamber based on light transmitted via optical fibers; and an optical sensor interrogator configured on the computing device and coupled to the sensor head via a plurality of optical fibers, the optical sensor interrogator characterized by including an interferometer coupled to the sensor head and configured to determine interferometric data associated with the flame based on light transmitted to and reflected from the sensor head via a first optical fiber, the interferometer including a Fizeau wedge to project an interference pattern associated with the reflected light onto a charge-coupled device in order to determine one or more combustion characteristics based on the interferometric data, and first and second spectrometers (135A, 135B) coupled to the sensor head and configured to determine spectral data associated with the flame based on light transmitted from the flame and into the sensor head prior to transmission to the spectrometers (135A, 135B) via second optical fibers (165A, 165B), each of the spectrometers (135A, 135B) being configured independently to digitize a different portion of the spectrum of light transmitted from the sensor head in order to determine different combustion characteristics. an interferometer coupled to the sensor head and configured to determine interferometric data associated with the flame based on light transmitted to and reflected from the sensor head via a first optical fiber, the interferometer including a Fizeau wedge to project an interference pattern associated with the reflected light onto a charge-coupled device in order to determine one or more combustion characteristics based on the interferometric data, and first and second spectrometers (135A, 135B) coupled to the sensor head and configured to determine spectral data associated with the flame based on light transmitted from the flame and into the sensor head prior to transmission to the spectrometers (135A, 135B) via second optical fibers (165A, 165B), each of the spectrometers (135A, 135B) being configured independently to digitize a different portion of the spectrum of light transmitted from the sensor head in order to determine different combustion characteristics.