An illumination unit (1A, 3A, 4A, 5A, 6A) comprising: one or more light sources (10A, 10B, 10C, 10D) each including a solid-state light-emitting device configured to emit light from a light emission region including a single or a plurality of light-emitting spots (11B, 11Br, 11Bg, 11Bb), the solid-state light-emitting device including a single chip or a plurality of chips each emitting a light beam, one or more traveling-direction angle conversion device (20A, 20B, 20C) each converting a traveling-direction-angle of the light entering from the solid-state light-emitting device; and an integrator adapted to uniformalize illumination distribution in a predetermined illumination region which is to be illuminated by light from the traveling-direction angle conversion device (20A, 20B, 20C); wherein three or more of the light-emitting spots (11B, 11Br, 11Bg, 11Bb) are provided within the whole of one or more light sources (10A, 10B, 10C, 10D), to allow the whole of one or more light sources (10A, 10B, 10C, 10D) to emit light beams in two or more wavelength bands different from one another, and the solid-state light emitting device in a first light source which is at least one of the one or more light sources (10A, 10B, 10C, 10D), has a plurality of light-emitting spots (11B, 11Br, 11Bg, 11Bb) which emit light in the same wavelength band, each of the light sources (10A, 10B, 10C, 10D) is formed in a manner of a package incorporating the solid-state light-emitting device, the integrator includes a first fly-eye lens having cells which receive light from the traveling-direction angle conversion device (20A, 20B, 20C), and a second fly-eye lens having cells which receive light from the first fly-eye lens characterized in that the illumination system further comprises: an optical system configured with the traveling-direction angle conversion device (20A, 20B, 20C) and the first and second fly-eye lenses (40A, 40B) have an optical magnification which allows each of light source images to have a size not exceeding a size of the cell in the second fly-eye lens, the light source images being formed on the second fly-eye lens by the respective cells in the first fly-eye lens. one or more light sources (10A, 10B, 10C, 10D) each including a solid-state light-emitting device configured to emit light from a light emission region including a single or a plurality of light-emitting spots (11B, 11Br, 11Bg, 11Bb), the solid-state light-emitting device including a single chip or a plurality of chips each emitting a light beam, one or more traveling-direction angle conversion device (20A, 20B, 20C) each converting a traveling-direction-angle of the light entering from the solid-state light-emitting device; and an integrator adapted to uniformalize illumination distribution in a predetermined illumination region which is to be illuminated by light from the traveling-direction angle conversion device (20A, 20B, 20C); wherein three or more of the light-emitting spots (11B, 11Br, 11Bg, 11Bb) are provided within the whole of one or more light sources (10A, 10B, 10C, 10D), to allow the whole of one or more light sources (10A, 10B, 10C, 10D) to emit light beams in two or more wavelength bands different from one another, and the solid-state light emitting device in a first light source which is at least one of the one or more light sources (10A, 10B, 10C, 10D), has a plurality of light-emitting spots (11B, 11Br, 11Bg, 11Bb) which emit light in the same wavelength band, each of the light sources (10A, 10B, 10C, 10D) is formed in a manner of a package incorporating the solid-state light-emitting device, the integrator includes a first fly-eye lens having cells which receive light from the traveling-direction angle conversion device (20A, 20B, 20C), and a second fly-eye lens having cells which receive light from the first fly-eye lens characterized in that the illumination system further comprises: an optical system configured with the traveling-direction angle conversion device (20A, 20B, 20C) and the first and second fly-eye lenses (40A, 40B) have an optical magnification which allows each of light source images to have a size not exceeding a size of the cell in the second fly-eye lens, the light source images being formed on the second fly-eye lens by the respective cells in the first fly-eye lens.