Method for functionalizing an electrically conductive substrate, which is not a substrate made of gold, via a layer of chemical compounds, comprising the following steps: - a step in which the electrically conductive substrate is placed in contact with chemical compounds comprising at least a disulfide terminal group; - a step in which the disulfide terminal group of said chemical compounds is electro-oxidized, causing said chemical compounds to form a layer at the surface of the electrically conductive substrate, wherein said chemical compounds, apart from the presence of at least a disulfide terminal group, comprise at least a charge storage group, said charge storage group and said disulfide terminal group being separated potentially by at least an organic spacer group, said chemical compounds meeting the following generic formula: X-[-L-Z] n in which: - X represents a charge storage group, which is a tetraazacycloalkane group complexed with at least a metal element, the tetraazacycloalkane group meeting one of the following formulas, and: in which: - R 1, R 2, R 3 and R 4 represent, independently of each other, an alkyl, aryl, alkylaryl group, a halogen atom, an (alkyl)metallocene group, said groups being able to be perfluorinated; - M is a metal element having at least two degrees of oxidation, the braces indicating the spot via which said groups are bound to the disulfide group via potentially an organic spacer group; - L represents a single bond or an organic spacer group; - Z represents a disulfide group; and - n is a whole number ranging from 1 to 6. - a step in which the electrically conductive substrate is placed in contact with chemical compounds comprising at least a disulfide terminal group; - a step in which the disulfide terminal group of said chemical compounds is electro-oxidized, causing said chemical compounds to form a layer at the surface of the electrically conductive substrate, wherein said chemical compounds, apart from the presence of at least a disulfide terminal group, comprise at least a charge storage group, said charge storage group and said disulfide terminal group being separated potentially by at least an organic spacer group, said chemical compounds meeting the following generic formula: X-[-L-Z] n in which: - X represents a charge storage group, which is a tetraazacycloalkane group complexed with at least a metal element, the tetraazacycloalkane group meeting one of the following formulas, and: in which: - R 1, R 2, R 3 and R 4 represent, independently of each other, an alkyl, aryl, alkylaryl group, a halogen atom, an (alkyl)metallocene group, said groups being able to be perfluorinated; - M is a metal element having at least two degrees of oxidation, the braces indicating the spot via which said groups are bound to the disulfide group via potentially an organic spacer group; - L represents a single bond or an organic spacer group; - Z represents a disulfide group; and - n is a whole number ranging from 1 to 6. - X represents a charge storage group, which is a tetraazacycloalkane group complexed with at least a metal element, the tetraazacycloalkane group meeting one of the following formulas, and: in which: - R 1, R 2, R 3 and R 4 represent, independently of each other, an alkyl, aryl, alkylaryl group, a halogen atom, an (alkyl)metallocene group, said groups being able to be perfluorinated; - M is a metal element having at least two degrees of oxidation, the braces indicating the spot via which said groups are bound to the disulfide group via potentially an organic spacer group; - L represents a single bond or an organic spacer group; - Z represents a disulfide group; and - n is a whole number ranging from 1 to 6. - R 1, R 2, R 3 and R 4 represent, independently of each other, an alkyl, aryl, alkylaryl group, a halogen atom, an (alkyl)metallocene group, said groups being able to be perfluorinated; - M is a metal element having at least two degrees of oxidation, the braces indicating the spot via which said groups are bound to the disulfide group via potentially an organic spacer group; - L represents a single bond or an organic spacer group; - Z represents a disulfide group; and - n is a whole number ranging from 1 to 6.