A device comprising: a substrate (411, 421, 511, 521, 601, 701); a first electrode (412, 427, 517, 522, 608, 702); an organic emissive layer (413, 426, 516, 523, 606, 704) comprising an organic emissive material disposed over the electrode; an enhancement layer (415, 424, 514, 525, 604, 706), comprising a metallic film exhibiting surface plasmon resonance that non-radiatively couples to the organic emissive material and transfers excited state energy from the emissive material to the non-radiative mode of surface plasmon polaritons, disposed over the organic emissive layer opposite from the first electrode, wherein the enhancement layer is provided no more than a threshold distance away from the organic emissive layer and the enhancement layer is a second electrode, and wherein the enhancement layer is provided 5-100nm away from the organic emissive layer, wherein the organic emissive material has a total non-radiative decay rate constant and a total radiative decay rate constant due to the presence of the enhancement layer, and the threshold distance is where the total non-radiative decay rate constant is equal to the total radiative decay rate constant; and an outcoupling layer (417, 422, 512, 527, 602, 708) is patterned to be disposed over at least one first region of the enhancement layer and not disposed over at least one second region of the enhancement layer, wherein the patterning is periodic, quasi-periodic, or random, wherein radiation is not emitted from the at least one second region of the enhancement layer, wherein the outcoupling layer scatters the energy from the surface plasmon polaritons as photons to free space, wherein the outcoupling layer comprises micro- or nano- particles within a host medium, and wherein the substrate is transparent and is disposed adjacent to the outcoupling layer opposite from the enhancement layer, or the substrate is disposed adjacent to the first electrode opposite from the organic emissive layer. a substrate (411, 421, 511, 521, 601, 701); a first electrode (412, 427, 517, 522, 608, 702); an organic emissive layer (413, 426, 516, 523, 606, 704) comprising an organic emissive material disposed over the electrode; an enhancement layer (415, 424, 514, 525, 604, 706), comprising a metallic film exhibiting surface plasmon resonance that non-radiatively couples to the organic emissive material and transfers excited state energy from the emissive material to the non-radiative mode of surface plasmon polaritons, disposed over the organic emissive layer opposite from the first electrode, wherein the enhancement layer is provided no more than a threshold distance away from the organic emissive layer and the enhancement layer is a second electrode, and wherein the enhancement layer is provided 5-100nm away from the organic emissive layer, wherein the organic emissive material has a total non-radiative decay rate constant and a total radiative decay rate constant due to the presence of the enhancement layer, and the threshold distance is where the total non-radiative decay rate constant is equal to the total radiative decay rate constant; and an outcoupling layer (417, 422, 512, 527, 602, 708) is patterned to be disposed over at least one first region of the enhancement layer and not disposed over at least one second region of the enhancement layer, wherein the patterning is periodic, quasi-periodic, or random, wherein radiation is not emitted from the at least one second region of the enhancement layer, wherein the outcoupling layer scatters the energy from the surface plasmon polaritons as photons to free space, wherein the outcoupling layer comprises micro- or nano- particles within a host medium, and wherein the substrate is transparent and is disposed adjacent to the outcoupling layer opposite from the enhancement layer, or the substrate is disposed adjacent to the first electrode opposite from the organic emissive layer.