A method for digitally processing a signal derived from a optoelectronic device for measurement distributed by Brillouin scattering comprising a continuous light source emitting a continuous light signal at a first frequency v 0, a coupler able to divide said continuous light signal into two identical signals distributed in two arms, the first arm comprising a frequency-shifted pulse generator device comprising at least one acousto-optical modulator able to transform said continuous signal into a pulse signal, of frequency vp, intended to be injected into an optical fiber to be tested so that it emits in response a signal by spontaneous Brillouin backscattering at a frequency vF equal to vp-vBz, where vBz is the Brillouin frequency to be measured at every point z of said optical fiber, and the second arm forming a local oscillator emitting another light signal intended to be mixed with said return signal emitted by Brillouin backscattering by said optical fiber to be tested to allow a lowering of the frequency of said return signal, so that a detection module can detect said Brillouin shift frequency vBz at every point z of said optical fiber and so that a processing module can link this Brillouin shift frequency vBz at every point z of said optical fiber at a temperature value and a deformation value, wherein the local oscillator comprises a reference optical fiber having a Brillouin frequency identical or close to that of the optical fiber to be tested, said reference optical fiber emitting a signal by spontaneous Brillouin backscattering, in response to said continuous light signal emitted in said second arm by said light source, said Brillouin backscatter signal being emitted at a frequency v OL = v 0- V BRef, where V BRef is the Brillouin frequency of the reference fiber without deformation and at a reference temperature; characterized in that the method includes the following steps: a) digitizing a signal corresponding to the beat between a backscattered signal derived from the optical fiber to be tested and a backscattered signal derived from the reference optical fiber, and detected by a photo-detector, b) splitting said digitized signal into a plurality of sections (T1... Ti...TN) by applying a sliding time window of the rectangular or Hamming or Hann or Blackman-Harris window type, each section having a width equal to the time width of a half-pulse of the pulse signal injected into the optical fiber to be tested, the width of each section being further centered around a date t corresponding to a point of coordinate z of said optical fiber to be tested, c) calculating, using a Fast Fourier Transform FFT algorithm, the frequency spectrum of each section (T1...Ti...TN) of said digitized signal; d) repeating steps a), b) and c) and averaging the spectra obtained for each point z of said optical fiber to be tested; e) using the results obtained in the previous step, drawing a graph of the distributed frequency variation measured as a function of the backscattering round trip time tz, f) applying a temperature-sensitivity coefficient on the one hand and a deformation-sensitivity coefficient on the other hand, on said obtained graph of the measured distributed frequency variation, in order to obtain respectively a result in terms of temperature-distributed measurement or a result in terms of deformation-distributed measurement. a) digitizing a signal corresponding to the beat between a backscattered signal derived from the optical fiber to be tested and a backscattered signal derived from the reference optical fiber, and detected by a photo-detector, b) splitting said digitized signal into a plurality of sections (T1... Ti...TN) by applying a sliding time window of the rectangular or Hamming or Hann or Blackman-Harris window type, each section having a width equal to the time width of a half-pulse of the pulse signal injected into the optical fiber to be tested, the width of each section being further centered around a date t corresponding to a point of coordinate z of said optical fiber to be tested, c) calculating, using a Fast Fourier Transform FFT algorithm, the frequency spectrum of each section (T1...Ti...TN) of said digitized signal; d) repeating steps a), b) and c) and averaging the spectra obtained for each point z of said optical fiber to be tested; e) using the results obtained in the previous step, drawing a graph of the distributed frequency variation measured as a function of the backscattering round trip time tz, f) applying a temperature-sensitivity coefficient on the one hand and a deformation-sensitivity coefficient on the other hand, on said obtained graph of the measured distributed frequency variation, in order to obtain respectively a result in terms of temperature-distributed measurement or a result in terms of deformation-distributed measurement.