mhurhangee/ep-ind-claims huggingface dataset:
A system for decoding received data sent from a transmitter to a receiver over an optical communications channel, comprising: a carrier phase estimator to estimate a carrier phase of received symbols; a slip process analyzer to provide feedforward soft-decision information in a form of a slip state-transition matrix using a hidden Markov model based on the carrier phase; a demodulator to calculate log-likelihood ratios according to the feedforward soft-decision information; and a forward-error-correction decoder to produce hard decision on symbols corresponding to the data, and to correct errors, characterised in that: the carrier phase estimator comprising an amplitude normalizer adapted to suppress modulation-dependent amplitude deviation and scale the amplitude of IRI by a nonlinear function F to provide F RM, the nonlinear function being based on a conditional mean according to a following equation for Q-ary constellations as {S1,..., SQ} to minimize phase estimation errors, where R is received data, σ2 is a noise variance, and F R = 1 Q ∑ m = 1 Q e − j 4 ∠ S m R 8 S m 4 1 − e − 4 R S m / σ 2 R 2 S m 2 + 2 σ 4 − 2 R S m σ 2 R 2 S m 2 + 6 σ 4 − 6 R S m σ 2 − R 2 S m 2 + 2 σ 4 + 2 R S m σ 2 R 2 S m 2 + 6 σ 4 + 6 R S m σ 2 e − 4 R S m / σ 2 a carrier phase estimator to estimate a carrier phase of received symbols; a slip process analyzer to provide feedforward soft-decision information in a form of a slip state-transition matrix using a hidden Markov model based on the carrier phase; a demodulator to calculate log-likelihood ratios according to the feedforward soft-decision information; and a forward-error-correction decoder to produce hard decision on symbols corresponding to the data, and to correct errors, characterised in that: the carrier phase estimator comprising an amplitude normalizer adapted to suppress modulation-dependent amplitude deviation and scale the amplitude of IRI by a nonlinear function F to provide F RM, the nonlinear function being based on a conditional mean according to a following equation for Q-ary constellations as {S1,..., SQ} to minimize phase estimation errors, where R is received data, σ2 is a noise variance, and F R = 1 Q ∑ m = 1 Q e − j 4 ∠ S m R 8 S m 4 1 − e − 4 R S m / σ 2 R 2 S m 2 + 2 σ 4 − 2 R S m σ 2 R 2 S m 2 + 6 σ 4 − 6 R S m σ 2 − R 2 S m 2 + 2 σ 4 + 2 R S m σ 2 R 2 S m 2 + 6 σ 4 + 6 R S m σ 2 e − 4 R S m / σ 2
A method performed by a first module of a base station in a communication system, the method comprising: transmitting, to a second module of the base station, a resource allocation request message associated with an unlicensed band, wherein the resource allocation request message includes information on at least one of minimum target wake time, TWT, service period, SP, duration, a required TWT SP interval, a candidate channel list or a required bandwidth; receiving, from the second module, as a response to the request message, a response message including information on a TWT for a terminal; allocating a resource of the unlicensed band to the terminal based on the TWT; characterized by identifying a transmission start time of the TWT SP, based on an interface state between the first module and the second module; and transmitting, to the terminal, data on the allocated resource based on the transmission start time of the TWT SP. transmitting, to a second module of the base station, a resource allocation request message associated with an unlicensed band, wherein the resource allocation request message includes information on at least one of minimum target wake time, TWT, service period, SP, duration, a required TWT SP interval, a candidate channel list or a required bandwidth; receiving, from the second module, as a response to the request message, a response message including information on a TWT for a terminal; allocating a resource of the unlicensed band to the terminal based on the TWT; characterized by identifying a transmission start time of the TWT SP, based on an interface state between the first module and the second module; and transmitting, to the terminal, data on the allocated resource based on the transmission start time of the TWT SP.
A process for the manufacture of a chocolate product comprising; a. performing a size-reduction step on a chocolate ingredient mixture comprising no non-fat cocoa solids, and comprising more than 15 % wt. fat; and b. adding cocoa liquor to the size-reduced chocolate ingredient mixture to form a chocolate mass. wherein the size-reduced chocolate ingredient mixture is conched and at least some of the total amount of cocoa liquor is added to the size-reduced chocolate ingredient mixture during one or more of the following steps: 1) a liquefying phase of conching the size-reduced chocolate ingredient mixture; 2) later than a liquefying phase of conching the size-reduced chocolate ingredient mixture; and 3) after conching the size-reduced chocolate ingredient mixture. a. performing a size-reduction step on a chocolate ingredient mixture comprising no non-fat cocoa solids, and comprising more than 15 % wt. fat; and b. adding cocoa liquor to the size-reduced chocolate ingredient mixture to form a chocolate mass. 1) a liquefying phase of conching the size-reduced chocolate ingredient mixture; 2) later than a liquefying phase of conching the size-reduced chocolate ingredient mixture; and 3) after conching the size-reduced chocolate ingredient mixture.
Probiotic functional food suitable for patients on therapies such as chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy, CHARACTERIZED in that its formulation includes: a) as active principle, a biomass of the viable probiotic strain that produces lactic acid, Lactobacillus plantarum strain DSM 22105, which is conditioned to withstand temperatures from -30 to -40oC, and b) cryopotectant agents. a) as active principle, a biomass of the viable probiotic strain that produces lactic acid, Lactobacillus plantarum strain DSM 22105, which is conditioned to withstand temperatures from -30 to -40oC, and b) cryopotectant agents.
Fastening arrangement for a motor vehicle, at least having at least one heat exchanger and a protective element for the at least one heat exchanger, which protective element at least partially covers, with a grid structure through which a fluid can flow, a surface of the at least one heat exchanger, over which surface the fluid can flow, characterized in that the protective element is an injection-moulded component and has at least one sealing element for flow guidance of the fluid, which sealing element is moulded onto the protective element in a multi-component process.
An exhaust purification system of an internal combustion engine wherein an exhaust purification catalyst for reacting NOx contained in exhaust gas and reformed hydrocarbons is arranged inside of an engine exhaust passage (12, 14), aqueous urea solution feeding means and an NOx selective reduction catalyst able to reduce NOx by ammonia derived from an aqueous urea solution fed are arranged inside of the engine exhaust passage downstream of the exhaust purification catalyst, a precious metal catalyst (51, 52) is carried on an exhaust gas flow surface of the exhaust purification catalyst and a basic exhaust gas flow surface part is formed around the precious metal catalyst (51, 52), the exhaust purification catalyst has a property of reducing the NOx which is contained in exhaust gas if a concentration of hydrocarbons flowing into the exhaust purification catalyst is made to vibrate by within a predetermined range of amplitude and within a predetermined range of period and has a property of being increased in storage amount of NOx which is contained in exhaust gas if the vibration period of the hydrocarbon concentration is made longer than the predetermined range, characterized by a controller configured to, at the time of engine operation, selectively use either a first NOx purification method which makes the concentration of hydrocarbons flowing into the exhaust purification catalyst vibrate by within the predetermined range of amplitude and within the predetermined range of period so as to reduce the NOx which is contained in exhaust gas in the exhaust purification catalyst, or a second NOx purification method which uses the ammonia derived from the fed aqueous urea solution to reduce the NOx which is contained in exhaust gas at the NOx selective reduction catalyst, wherein NOx contained in exhaust gas and reformed hydrocarbons react in the exhaust purification catalyst whereby a reducing intermediate containing nitrogen and hydrocarbons is produced and wherein the vibration period of the hydrocarbon concentration is a vibration period necessary for the continued production of the reducing intermediate.
A method of preparing a hydrocarbon blend by blending at least two hydrocarbon oils, comprising: determining a stability factor of each of the at least two hydrocarbon oils; and blending the at least two hydrocarbon oils so as to satisfy Mathematical Formula 1 below based on the determined stability factor: ∑ i = 1 n a i A i > 0 wherein a i is a stability factor of a hydrocarbon oil (i) in the blend, A i is wt% of the hydrocarbon oil (i) in the blend, and n indicates a number of hydrocarbon oils in the blend and is an integer of 2 or more, (a) when a SPOT value of a hydrocarbon oil according to ASTM D 4740-02 is less than 2, the stability factor is determined by Mathematical Formula 2 below: Stability Factor a i = 1 × B i − 1 wherein B i is a minimum amount (g) of the hydrocarbon oil (i) to be blended with 100 g of a reference sample having SPOT 5 so as to exhibit SPOT 1, and (b) when a SPOT value of a hydrocarbon oil according to ASTM D 4740-02 is 2 or more, the stability factor is determined by Mathematical Formula 4 below: Stability Factor a i = − 0.025 × T i × 0.01 wherein T i is a minimum amount (g) of toluene to be blended with 100 g of the hydrocarbon oil (i) so as to exhibit SPOT 1. determining a stability factor of each of the at least two hydrocarbon oils; and blending the at least two hydrocarbon oils so as to satisfy Mathematical Formula 1 below based on the determined stability factor: ∑ i = 1 n a i A i > 0 wherein a i is a stability factor of a hydrocarbon oil (i) in the blend, A i is wt% of the hydrocarbon oil (i) in the blend, and n indicates a number of hydrocarbon oils in the blend and is an integer of 2 or more, (a) when a SPOT value of a hydrocarbon oil according to ASTM D 4740-02 is less than 2, the stability factor is determined by Mathematical Formula 2 below: Stability Factor a i = 1 × B i − 1 wherein B i is a minimum amount (g) of the hydrocarbon oil (i) to be blended with 100 g of a reference sample having SPOT 5 so as to exhibit SPOT 1, and (b) when a SPOT value of a hydrocarbon oil according to ASTM D 4740-02 is 2 or more, the stability factor is determined by Mathematical Formula 4 below: Stability Factor a i = − 0.025 × T i × 0.01 wherein T i is a minimum amount (g) of toluene to be blended with 100 g of the hydrocarbon oil (i) so as to exhibit SPOT 1. (a) when a SPOT value of a hydrocarbon oil according to ASTM D 4740-02 is less than 2, the stability factor is determined by Mathematical Formula 2 below: Stability Factor a i = 1 × B i − 1 wherein B i is a minimum amount (g) of the hydrocarbon oil (i) to be blended with 100 g of a reference sample having SPOT 5 so as to exhibit SPOT 1, and (b) when a SPOT value of a hydrocarbon oil according to ASTM D 4740-02 is 2 or more, the stability factor is determined by Mathematical Formula 4 below: Stability Factor a i = − 0.025 × T i × 0.01
A fluid control system comprising: a body having an inlet passage and a discharge passage having an axial bore; a choke piston in the body wherein the choke piston moves in the body to control a flow of a fluid from the inlet passage to the discharge passage; a controller connected to the body wherein the controller comprises an actuator; a linkage connected to the actuator, the linkage including a pivot arm having a pivot point connected to the actuator of the controller, wherein the linkage pivots about the pivot point on the pivot arm and wherein the pivot arm comprises a first portion connected to a plate that is connected to the actuator of the controller and a second portion positioned at an angle relative to the first portion and connected to the pivot point; a rod coupling the linkage to the choke piston, wherein the rod is configured to move the choke piston in the body; wherein the controller is mounted on a surface of the body and further comprises a servo motor configured to drive the actuator, wherein the controller is configured to use amperage control to apply a desired force to the actuator. a body having an inlet passage and a discharge passage having an axial bore; a choke piston in the body wherein the choke piston moves in the body to control a flow of a fluid from the inlet passage to the discharge passage; a controller connected to the body wherein the controller comprises an actuator; a linkage connected to the actuator, the linkage including a pivot arm having a pivot point connected to the actuator of the controller, wherein the linkage pivots about the pivot point on the pivot arm and wherein the pivot arm comprises a first portion connected to a plate that is connected to the actuator of the controller and a second portion positioned at an angle relative to the first portion and connected to the pivot point; a rod coupling the linkage to the choke piston, wherein the rod is configured to move the choke piston in the body; wherein the controller is mounted on a surface of the body and further comprises a servo motor configured to drive the actuator, wherein the controller is configured to use amperage control to apply a desired force to the actuator.
A device usable in association with, at least in part, wireless communication in an Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers, IEEE, Standard 802.11xx complaint system, the device comprising: logic that comprises hardware, the logic to generate, at least in part, and/or to transmit, at least in part, a protocol data unit usable in the wireless communication; the protocol data unit comprising a preamble; the preamble comprising a concatenated long training field; the protocol data unit also comprising a payload including repeated data to follow the preamble; the wireless communication, when in operation, to have a bandwidth of 1 megahertz and to use orthogonal frequency division multiplexing; the concatenated long training field comprising two long training field repetitions; each of the two repeated long training field repetitions comprising a plurality of symbols; the repeated data to be based, at least in part, upon two repetitions of data; and characterized by: a payload repeater having vector repetition logic to concatenate the repetitions of data in a bit stream prior to the bit stream entering an interleaver, the repetitions of data comprising data having sequence bits that are reversed in order. logic that comprises hardware, the logic to generate, at least in part, and/or to transmit, at least in part, a protocol data unit usable in the wireless communication; the protocol data unit comprising a preamble; the preamble comprising a concatenated long training field; the protocol data unit also comprising a payload including repeated data to follow the preamble; the wireless communication, when in operation, to have a bandwidth of 1 megahertz and to use orthogonal frequency division multiplexing; the concatenated long training field comprising two long training field repetitions; each of the two repeated long training field repetitions comprising a plurality of symbols; the repeated data to be based, at least in part, upon two repetitions of data; and characterized by: a payload repeater having vector repetition logic to concatenate the repetitions of data in a bit stream prior to the bit stream entering an interleaver, the repetitions of data comprising data having sequence bits that are reversed in order. a payload repeater having vector repetition logic to concatenate the repetitions of data in a bit stream prior to the bit stream entering an interleaver, the repetitions of data comprising data having sequence bits that are reversed in order.
A recombinant molecule that binds carbon monoxide with high affinity, for use in a method of treating carboxyhemoglobinemia in a subject, the method comprising: selecting a subject with carboxyhemoglobinemia; and administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of the recombinant molecule that binds carbon monoxide with high affinity, wherein the recombinant molecule is a recombinant neuroglobin molecule or a recombinant cytoglobin molecule, and the recombinant molecule comprises: a human recombinant neuroglobin with an H64Q, H64L, H64A or H64W mutation that is at least 85%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, or at least 99% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 3, or a human recombinant cytoglobin with an H81Q, H81A, H81L or H81W mutation that is at least 85%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, or at least 99% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 6, thereby treating carboxyhemoglobinemia in the subject. selecting a subject with carboxyhemoglobinemia; and administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of the recombinant molecule that binds carbon monoxide with high affinity, wherein the recombinant molecule is a recombinant neuroglobin molecule or a recombinant cytoglobin molecule, and the recombinant molecule comprises: a human recombinant neuroglobin with an H64Q, H64L, H64A or H64W mutation that is at least 85%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, or at least 99% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 3, or a human recombinant cytoglobin with an H81Q, H81A, H81L or H81W mutation that is at least 85%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, or at least 99% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 6, thereby treating carboxyhemoglobinemia in the subject. a human recombinant neuroglobin with an H64Q, H64L, H64A or H64W mutation that is at least 85%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, or at least 99% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 3, or a human recombinant cytoglobin with an H81Q, H81A, H81L or H81W mutation that is at least 85%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, or at least 99% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 6, thereby treating carboxyhemoglobinemia in the subject.
Rainwater collecting system, consisting of a downpipe having a sideward insertion bore and a rainwater collector mounted with a fastening system in the sideward insertion bore, the rainwater collector comprising a collecting scoop placed inside the downpipe in a substantially horizontal collecting position and occupying a part of the inner cross section of the downpipe, the collecting scoop being made from resiliently returning deformable material which can be deformed when inserting the collecting scoop through the insertion bore, the collecting scoop having a discharge opening and a tube housing prolongating the discharge opening and being structurally separated from the collecting scoop, the tube housing having a discharge tube outside the downpipe, the tube housing being secured at the downpipe via the collecting scoop, characterized in that the discharge tube is oriented crosswise to the discharge opening of the tube housing, and that the tube housing and the discharge tube are rotatable substantially about the axis of the discharge opening and relative to the collecting scoop, in mounted condition of the rainwater collector.
A method for cryogenically preserving sperm, comprising adding to the sperm, prior to cryopreservation, a composition that comprises at least one cryoprotectant, at least one membrane protectant, and monothioglycerol.
A process for preparing calcium carbonate particles having an average primary particle size of less than 1 μm, comprising synthesizing calcium carbonate while generating cavitation bubbles by injecting a liquid into a reaction vessel and synthesizing calcium carbonate in the presence of the cavitation bubbles.
A method implemented on a computer of marking a digital audio signal with a digital fingerprint wherein the digital fingerprint is an ordered rotation of principal components of the digital audio signal in an abstract vector space constructed from the principal components of the digital audio signal, the rotation being determined using families of patterns having low off-peak autocorrelation and low cross correlation, the method including: transforming a plurality of samples of the signal onto a discrete orthonormal basis comprising a magnitude and an angle, wherein the angle is an arctangent of a ratio of two of said components of the digital audio signal; rotating n principal components of the transformed samples, being the n largest components of the transformed samples, by a marking angle to generate marked principal components; converting the marked principal components and unmarked non-principal components into Cartesian coordinates; combining the converted, marked principal components with the converted un-marked, non-principal components of the digital audio signal; and applying an inverse of the transform function to the combined principal and non-principal components to generate a digital audio signal comprising the digital fingerprint. transforming a plurality of samples of the signal onto a discrete orthonormal basis comprising a magnitude and an angle, wherein the angle is an arctangent of a ratio of two of said components of the digital audio signal; rotating n principal components of the transformed samples, being the n largest components of the transformed samples, by a marking angle to generate marked principal components; converting the marked principal components and unmarked non-principal components into Cartesian coordinates; combining the converted, marked principal components with the converted un-marked, non-principal components of the digital audio signal; and applying an inverse of the transform function to the combined principal and non-principal components to generate a digital audio signal comprising the digital fingerprint.
Method for reducing a luminous intensity of a projection apparatus, comprising the steps of: - projecting information in the form of a visual representation onto a total surface; - emitting between at least 20 and at most 100 electromagnetic signals, which are substantially not perceivable by an observer, through the projection apparatus onto the total surface; wherein the electromagnetic signals are light signals that are emitted in pulse form having a pulse length ranging from 0.2 ns to 10 ns at a frequency of 100 to 500 MHz; - detecting objects located in the beam path between the projection apparatus and the total surface using the electromagnetic signals; and - reducing the luminous intensity of the projection apparatus as long as an object is detected in the beam path. - projecting information in the form of a visual representation onto a total surface; - emitting between at least 20 and at most 100 electromagnetic signals, which are substantially not perceivable by an observer, through the projection apparatus onto the total surface; wherein the electromagnetic signals are light signals that are emitted in pulse form having a pulse length ranging from 0.2 ns to 10 ns at a frequency of 100 to 500 MHz; - detecting objects located in the beam path between the projection apparatus and the total surface using the electromagnetic signals; and - reducing the luminous intensity of the projection apparatus as long as an object is detected in the beam path.
A polyethylene composition comprising an ethylene/α-olefin copolymerized linear low density polyethylene, wherein the polyethylene composition has a Mw of from 100,000 g/mol to 200,000 g/mol, a Mw/Mn of from 4.0 to 9.0, a Mz/Mw of from 4.0 to 7.0, and a Mz+1/Mw of from 4.5 to 13.5, with said Mw, Mn, Mz, Mz+1 being measured by gel permeation chromatography.