A speech recognition method, comprising: a user terminal receiving a reference speech signal from a user as an input and acquiring reference environment information at the same time, the reference environment information including either one or both of noise information about noise included in the reference speech signal and distance information indicating a distance from the user terminal to a user uttering the reference speech signal; the user terminal determining and storing a characteristic parameter personalized to a speech of a user based on a reference speech signal input by the user, said determining comprising determining different types of characteristic parameters based on the reference environment information; the user terminal receiving a target speech signal to be recognized from the user as an input and acquiring target environment information at the same time; the user terminal selecting a characteristic parameter corresponding to the target environment information from characteristic parameters stored for each type of characteristic parameter; the user terminal transmitting the target speech signal and the selected characteristic parameter to a server, the server recognizing the target speech signal based on the selected characteristic parameter and a model for speech recognition, and transmitting a recognition result of the target speech signal to the user terminal; the user terminal, in response, receiving the recognition result of the target speech signal from the server; and the user terminal outputting the recognition result of the target speech signal, wherein the characteristic parameters comprise any one or any combination of normalization information to be used for normalizing the target speech signal, identification information indicating a speech characteristic of the user, and class information to be used for classifying in the speech recognition model. a user terminal receiving a reference speech signal from a user as an input and acquiring reference environment information at the same time, the reference environment information including either one or both of noise information about noise included in the reference speech signal and distance information indicating a distance from the user terminal to a user uttering the reference speech signal; the user terminal determining and storing a characteristic parameter personalized to a speech of a user based on a reference speech signal input by the user, said determining comprising determining different types of characteristic parameters based on the reference environment information; the user terminal receiving a target speech signal to be recognized from the user as an input and acquiring target environment information at the same time; the user terminal selecting a characteristic parameter corresponding to the target environment information from characteristic parameters stored for each type of characteristic parameter; the user terminal transmitting the target speech signal and the selected characteristic parameter to a server, the server recognizing the target speech signal based on the selected characteristic parameter and a model for speech recognition, and transmitting a recognition result of the target speech signal to the user terminal; the user terminal, in response, receiving the recognition result of the target speech signal from the server; and the user terminal outputting the recognition result of the target speech signal, wherein the characteristic parameters comprise any one or any combination of normalization information to be used for normalizing the target speech signal, identification information indicating a speech characteristic of the user, and class information to be used for classifying in the speech recognition model.