A system for measuring an electrical characteristic (C sensor) of a fluid by separating a first orthogonal component of a signal change (Slope) of a measurement signal and a second orthogonal component of the signal change (Slope) of the measurement signal, where the first orthogonal component is due to a change in resistance across a sensor and the second orthogonal component is due to a change in capacitance across the sensor, the system comprising: a sensing node, a sensor connected, via a switching array, to the sensing node; an array of components (R 1, R 2, R 3, R n, BL 1, BL 2, C 1, C 2, 125) connected, via the switching array, to the sensing node; a mixer that mixes the measurement signal with a first phase signal (1F0°) and a second phase signal (1F90°), the mixer outputting a first mixed signal (PHASE1) related to the first phase signal (1F0°) and a second mixed signal (PHASE 2) related to the second phase signal (1F90°); and a controller that is configured to receive a signal indicative of the first mixed signal (PHASE1) and the second mixed signal (PHASE2); control the array of components (R 1, R 2, R 3, R n, BL 1, BL 2, C 1, C 2, 125) to cause the signal change (Slope); adjust (Fig. 8) the first phase signal (1F0°) and the second phase signal (1F90°) such that when there is a change in the first orthogonal component, the first mixed signal (PHASE1) is increased and the second mixed signal (PHASE2) is reduced; control (Fig. 11) the array of components (R 1, R 2, R 3, R n, BL 1, BL 2, C 1, C 2, 125) to cause additional signal changes (Slope); receive (Fig. 12) a plurality of mixed signals (PHASE1, PHASE2) indicative of the additional signal changes (Slope) at the first phase and the second phase; determine the electrical characteristic (C sensor) of the fluid based on the plurality of mixed signals (PHASE1, PHASE2). a sensing node, a sensor connected, via a switching array, to the sensing node; an array of components (R 1, R 2, R 3, R n, BL 1, BL 2, C 1, C 2, 125) connected, via the switching array, to the sensing node; a mixer that mixes the measurement signal with a first phase signal (1F0°) and a second phase signal (1F90°), the mixer outputting a first mixed signal (PHASE1) related to the first phase signal (1F0°) and a second mixed signal (PHASE 2) related to the second phase signal (1F90°); and a controller that is configured to receive a signal indicative of the first mixed signal (PHASE1) and the second mixed signal (PHASE2); control the array of components (R 1, R 2, R 3, R n, BL 1, BL 2, C 1, C 2, 125) to cause the signal change (Slope); adjust (Fig. 8) the first phase signal (1F0°) and the second phase signal (1F90°) such that when there is a change in the first orthogonal component, the first mixed signal (PHASE1) is increased and the second mixed signal (PHASE2) is reduced; control (Fig. 11) the array of components (R 1, R 2, R 3, R n, BL 1, BL 2, C 1, C 2, 125) to cause additional signal changes (Slope); receive (Fig. 12) a plurality of mixed signals (PHASE1, PHASE2) indicative of the additional signal changes (Slope) at the first phase and the second phase; determine the electrical characteristic (C sensor) of the fluid based on the plurality of mixed signals (PHASE1, PHASE2). receive a signal indicative of the first mixed signal (PHASE1) and the second mixed signal (PHASE2); control the array of components (R 1, R 2, R 3, R n, BL 1, BL 2, C 1, C 2, 125) to cause the signal change (Slope); adjust (Fig. 8) the first phase signal (1F0°) and the second phase signal (1F90°) such that when there is a change in the first orthogonal component, the first mixed signal (PHASE1) is increased and the second mixed signal (PHASE2) is reduced; control (Fig. 11) the array of components (R 1, R 2, R 3, R n, BL 1, BL 2, C 1, C 2, 125) to cause additional signal changes (Slope); receive (Fig. 12) a plurality of mixed signals (PHASE1, PHASE2) indicative of the additional signal changes (Slope) at the first phase and the second phase; determine the electrical characteristic (C sensor) of the fluid based on the plurality of mixed signals (PHASE1, PHASE2).