A method comprising: combining ingredients comprising an Ir precursor and a ligand, thereby preparing a reaction product, where the Ir precursor has formula Ir-A 3, where each A is independently a displaceable substituent selected from halogen atoms, and monovalent organic groups, wherein the monovalent organic group is a monovalent hydrocarbon group exemplified by alkyl, alkenyl, carbocyclic, aryl and aralkyl groups, or a monovalent heteroatom containing group exemplified by amino groups, halogenated hydrocarbon groups, silazane groups, carboxylate groups, carboxylic ester groups, carbonyl groups, hydrocarbonoxy groups, sulfonate ester groups, sulfonylimide groups, acetate groups, and cyano groups, and the ligand is a compound of general formula (xii) where subscript x is an integer from 1 to 5, Q 20 is selected from nitrogen and phosphorus, dashed lines indicate a single or double bond, A 90, A 91, A 92, A 93, A 94, and A 95 are each independently selected from a monovalent organic group, hydrogen, a halogen, or an inorganic heteroatom containing group with the proviso that when Q 20 is nitrogen then A 90, A 91, A 92, A 93, A 94, and A 95 are not halogen and when Q 20 is phosphorus then A 94 and A 95 are not isopropyl, with the proviso that A 90 and A 91 may be bonded together to form a ring structure, with the proviso that A 91 and A 92 may be bonded together to form a ring structure, with the proviso that A 92 and A 93 may be bonded together to form a ring structure, with the proviso that A 93 and A 94 may be bonded together to form a ring structure, with the proviso that A 94 and A 95 may be bonded together to form a ring structure, and with the proviso that when subscript x is 2 or more, then two or more instances of A 93 may bond together to form a ring structure. combining ingredients comprising an Ir precursor and a ligand, thereby preparing a reaction product, where the Ir precursor has formula Ir-A 3, where each A is independently a displaceable substituent selected from halogen atoms, and monovalent organic groups, wherein the monovalent organic group is a monovalent hydrocarbon group exemplified by alkyl, alkenyl, carbocyclic, aryl and aralkyl groups, or a monovalent heteroatom containing group exemplified by amino groups, halogenated hydrocarbon groups, silazane groups, carboxylate groups, carboxylic ester groups, carbonyl groups, hydrocarbonoxy groups, sulfonate ester groups, sulfonylimide groups, acetate groups, and cyano groups, and the ligand is a compound of general formula (xii) where subscript x is an integer from 1 to 5, Q 20 is selected from nitrogen and phosphorus, dashed lines indicate a single or double bond, A 90, A 91, A 92, A 93, A 94, and A 95 are each independently selected from a monovalent organic group, hydrogen, a halogen, or an inorganic heteroatom containing group with the proviso that when Q 20 is nitrogen then A 90, A 91, A 92, A 93, A 94, and A 95 are not halogen and when Q 20 is phosphorus then A 94 and A 95 are not isopropyl, with the proviso that A 90 and A 91 may be bonded together to form a ring structure, with the proviso that A 91 and A 92 may be bonded together to form a ring structure, with the proviso that A 92 and A 93 may be bonded together to form a ring structure, with the proviso that A 93 and A 94 may be bonded together to form a ring structure, with the proviso that A 94 and A 95 may be bonded together to form a ring structure, and with the proviso that when subscript x is 2 or more, then two or more instances of A 93 may bond together to form a ring structure. the Ir precursor has formula Ir-A 3, where each A is independently a displaceable substituent selected from halogen atoms, and monovalent organic groups, wherein the monovalent organic group is a monovalent hydrocarbon group exemplified by alkyl, alkenyl, carbocyclic, aryl and aralkyl groups, or a monovalent heteroatom containing group exemplified by amino groups, halogenated hydrocarbon groups, silazane groups, carboxylate groups, carboxylic ester groups, carbonyl groups, hydrocarbonoxy groups, sulfonate ester groups, sulfonylimide groups, acetate groups, and cyano groups, and the ligand is a compound of general formula (xii) where subscript x is an integer from 1 to 5, Q 20 is selected from nitrogen and phosphorus, dashed lines indicate a single or double bond, A 90, A 91, A 92, A 93, A 94, and A 95 are each independently selected from a monovalent organic group, hydrogen, a halogen, or an inorganic heteroatom containing group with the proviso that when Q 20 is nitrogen then A 90, A 91, A 92, A 93, A 94, and A 95 are not halogen and when Q 20 is phosphorus then A 94 and A 95 are not isopropyl, with the proviso that A 90 and A 91 may be bonded together to form a ring structure, with the proviso that A 91 and A 92 may be bonded together to form a ring structure, with the proviso that A 92 and A 93 may be bonded together to form a ring structure, with the proviso that A 93 and A 94 may be bonded together to form a ring structure, with the proviso that A 94 and A 95 may be bonded together to form a ring structure, and with the proviso that when subscript x is 2 or more, then two or more instances of A 93 may bond together to form a ring structure.