A method of transmitting a reference signal, implemented by a base station, comprising: obtaining a plurality of candidate transmission positions of a reference signal according to an initial candidate transmission position of the reference signal, wherein the plurality of candidate transmission positions comprise the initial candidate transmission position, the reference signal comprises a synchronization signal block, SSB, or a signal comprising an SSB, and a plurality of SSBs are all transmitted within a 5 millisecond window for transmitting an SSB burst set; performing a channel detection before the reference signal is transmitted; and in response to that a channel is detected to be idle, transmitting (S103, S403) the reference signal at a corresponding candidate transmission position, wherein a reference signal index information carried by the reference signal comprises a reference signal index corresponding to the initial candidate transmission position and an offset between a current candidate transmission position and the initial candidate transmission position, wherein the offset is indicated by one or more reserved bits in a physical broadcast channel, PBCH, within the SSB, and the one or more reserved bits are used to indicate an SSB index; obtaining the plurality of candidate transmission positions of the reference signal according to the initial candidate transmission position of the reference signal comprises: obtaining the plurality of candidate transmission positions by overall shifting, with respect to the initial candidate transmission position of the reference signal, signals comprised in the reference signal forward by N symbols or backward by M symbols in a time domain, wherein M and N are integer values greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 8. obtaining a plurality of candidate transmission positions of a reference signal according to an initial candidate transmission position of the reference signal, wherein the plurality of candidate transmission positions comprise the initial candidate transmission position, the reference signal comprises a synchronization signal block, SSB, or a signal comprising an SSB, and a plurality of SSBs are all transmitted within a 5 millisecond window for transmitting an SSB burst set; performing a channel detection before the reference signal is transmitted; and in response to that a channel is detected to be idle, transmitting (S103, S403) the reference signal at a corresponding candidate transmission position, wherein a reference signal index information carried by the reference signal comprises a reference signal index corresponding to the initial candidate transmission position and an offset between a current candidate transmission position and the initial candidate transmission position, wherein the offset is indicated by one or more reserved bits in a physical broadcast channel, PBCH, within the SSB, and the one or more reserved bits are used to indicate an SSB index; obtaining the plurality of candidate transmission positions of the reference signal according to the initial candidate transmission position of the reference signal comprises: obtaining the plurality of candidate transmission positions by overall shifting, with respect to the initial candidate transmission position of the reference signal, signals comprised in the reference signal forward by N symbols or backward by M symbols in a time domain, wherein M and N are integer values greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 8.