- Method of optically analysing objects belonging to the fruit and vegetable group in which images representative of the objects are produced in different imaging wavelength ranges, wherein: - a plurality of light sources formed of light-emitting diodes are arranged to be able each to apply light radiation to at least an external surface portion of at least one object, named illuminated object, the different light sources being adapted to be able to apply light radiation in different illumination wavelength ranges selectively to each illuminated object, - the light radiation from at least one light source is applied to the whole of a visible face of the external surface of each object illuminated by this light source, - the light sources are controlled according to a predetermined illumination sequence for each illuminated object in succession according to said different illumination wavelength ranges, - images are produced by at least one colour camera (4, 4a, 4b) sensitive to light radiation in the visible range in the wavelength band between 380 nm and 700 nm and to light radiation in the infrared range in the wavelength band between 700 nm and 1000 nm, named multispectral camera (4, 4a, 4b), said at least one multispectral camera being orientated towards an external surface portion of at least one illuminated object corresponding to the whole visible face of the external surface of the object on the optical axis of the multispectral camera, and the exposure of said at least one multispectral camera being controlled in synchronism with said illumination sequence so as to produce, with this same multispectral camera, a plurality of images in different imaging wavelength ranges of said external surface portion of at least one illuminated object, said plurality of images including at least one image in a visible range and at least one image in an infrared range, - each multispectral camera (4, 4a, 4b) is chosen from the group of cameras comprising a CMOS sensor with a matrix of colour filters without an infrared cut-off filter; and cameras comprising three CMOS sensors, one CMOS sensor for each primary colour, without an infrared cut-off filter. - a plurality of light sources formed of light-emitting diodes are arranged to be able each to apply light radiation to at least an external surface portion of at least one object, named illuminated object, the different light sources being adapted to be able to apply light radiation in different illumination wavelength ranges selectively to each illuminated object, - the light radiation from at least one light source is applied to the whole of a visible face of the external surface of each object illuminated by this light source, - the light sources are controlled according to a predetermined illumination sequence for each illuminated object in succession according to said different illumination wavelength ranges, - images are produced by at least one colour camera (4, 4a, 4b) sensitive to light radiation in the visible range in the wavelength band between 380 nm and 700 nm and to light radiation in the infrared range in the wavelength band between 700 nm and 1000 nm, named multispectral camera (4, 4a, 4b), said at least one multispectral camera being orientated towards an external surface portion of at least one illuminated object corresponding to the whole visible face of the external surface of the object on the optical axis of the multispectral camera, and the exposure of said at least one multispectral camera being controlled in synchronism with said illumination sequence so as to produce, with this same multispectral camera, a plurality of images in different imaging wavelength ranges of said external surface portion of at least one illuminated object, said plurality of images including at least one image in a visible range and at least one image in an infrared range, - each multispectral camera (4, 4a, 4b) is chosen from the group of cameras comprising a CMOS sensor with a matrix of colour filters without an infrared cut-off filter; and cameras comprising three CMOS sensors, one CMOS sensor for each primary colour, without an infrared cut-off filter.