Computer-implemented method for updating a stratigraphic model of a sedimentary basin depending on measurements made on said basin, by means of a stratigraphic simulation executed on a computer and on the basis of values of parameters of said stratigraphic simulation, said stratigraphic simulation aiming to simulate sedimentary processes having affected the basin from a prior geological time until the current time, said parameters of said stratigraphic simulation comprising a space available for sedimentation, which space is related to tectonic and/or eustatic movements and to mechanical compaction of sediments, a supply of sediments to said basin, either through the boundaries, or through in situ precipitation or production, and transportation of said sediments in said available space, characterized in that at least the following steps are applied: A) measurements of physical quantities relative to said basin are made by means of sensors, said measurements comprising at least well-log measurements and seismic measurements; B) on the basis of said measurements, at least a first spatial distribution of values of an attribute representative of said stratigraphy of said basin is determined, and a first classified image relative to said first spatial distribution is determined by means of a classification method, so as to group said values of said attribute of said first spatial distribution into at least two classes; C) by means of said stratigraphic simulation executed with said values of said parameters of said simulation, a stratigraphic model is determined; D) therefrom, at least a second spatial distribution of values of said attribute representative of said stratigraphy of said basin is determined, and a second classified image relative to said second spatial distribution is determined by means of said classification method, so as to group said values of said attribute of said second spatial distribution into said at least two classes of said first classified image; E) a distribution of local dissimilarities between said first and second classified images is determined, and a value of at least one of said parameters of said stratigraphic simulation is modified in such a way as to minimize an objective function formed on the basis at least of said distribution of said local dissimilarities; F) said stratigraphic model is updated by repeating at least step C) with said modified values of said simulation parameters. A) measurements of physical quantities relative to said basin are made by means of sensors, said measurements comprising at least well-log measurements and seismic measurements; B) on the basis of said measurements, at least a first spatial distribution of values of an attribute representative of said stratigraphy of said basin is determined, and a first classified image relative to said first spatial distribution is determined by means of a classification method, so as to group said values of said attribute of said first spatial distribution into at least two classes; C) by means of said stratigraphic simulation executed with said values of said parameters of said simulation, a stratigraphic model is determined; D) therefrom, at least a second spatial distribution of values of said attribute representative of said stratigraphy of said basin is determined, and a second classified image relative to said second spatial distribution is determined by means of said classification method, so as to group said values of said attribute of said second spatial distribution into said at least two classes of said first classified image; E) a distribution of local dissimilarities between said first and second classified images is determined, and a value of at least one of said parameters of said stratigraphic simulation is modified in such a way as to minimize an objective function formed on the basis at least of said distribution of said local dissimilarities; F) said stratigraphic model is updated by repeating at least step C) with said modified values of said simulation parameters.