A sample analysis reader (2100, 2200, 2700, 2910, 3000, 3130) configured to be electrically coupled to a sample analysis cartridge (700, 800, 900, 2702, 2820, 3120), the sample analysis reader (2100, 2200, 2700, 2910, 3000, 3130) comprising: a dock (2210, 3015) configured to receive at least a portion of the sample analysis cartridge (700, 800, 900, 2702, 2820, 3120); an electrical connector configured to be electrically connected to the sample analysis cartridge (700, 800, 900, 2702, 2820, 3120) when the sample analysis cartridge (700, 800, 900, 2702, 2820, 3120) is inserted in the dock (2210, 3015); a magnetic field generator configured to localize magnetic particles in a mix of a sample and reagents and fluid from a reservoir (722, 824, 1124, 1324, 1460, 1560, 2724) of the sample analysis cartridge (700, 800, 900, 2702, 2820, 3120) over a sensor at least partially disposed in an analysis channel (732, 832, 932, 1132, 1732, 2704) of the sample analysis cartridge (700, 800, 900, 2702, 2820, 3120) to form a localized sample over the sensor when the sample analysis cartridge (700, 800, 900, 2702, 2820, 3120) is coupled to the sample analysis reader (2100, 2200, 2700, 2910, 3000, 3130); a sonicator configured to transmit controlled amounts of energy into a first reservoir (722, 824, 1124, 1324, 1460, 1560, 2724) in the sample analysis cartridge (700, 800, 900, 2702, 2820, 3120); a processor; and memory having instructions stored thereon, wherein the instructions, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to: detect a presence of the sample analysis cartridge (700, 800, 900, 2702, 2820, 3120) loaded into or onto the sample analysis reader (2100, 2200, 2700, 2910, 3000, 3130); detect identification information associated with the sample analysis cartridge (700, 800, 900, 2702, 2820, 3120); identify a proper test protocol for the sample analysis cartridge (700, 800, 900, 2702, 2820, 3120) based at least in part on the identification information; execute the proper test protocol; and detect a presence, absence, and/or quantity of one or more target analytes (110a, 1 10b, 210) from a sample; wherein the instructions, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to detect a sample collection device (300, 400, 500, 600, 2350, 2810, 3110) inserted into the first reservoir of the sample analysis cartridge (700, 800, 900, 2702, 2820, 3120). a dock (2210, 3015) configured to receive at least a portion of the sample analysis cartridge (700, 800, 900, 2702, 2820, 3120); an electrical connector configured to be electrically connected to the sample analysis cartridge (700, 800, 900, 2702, 2820, 3120) when the sample analysis cartridge (700, 800, 900, 2702, 2820, 3120) is inserted in the dock (2210, 3015); a magnetic field generator configured to localize magnetic particles in a mix of a sample and reagents and fluid from a reservoir (722, 824, 1124, 1324, 1460, 1560, 2724) of the sample analysis cartridge (700, 800, 900, 2702, 2820, 3120) over a sensor at least partially disposed in an analysis channel (732, 832, 932, 1132, 1732, 2704) of the sample analysis cartridge (700, 800, 900, 2702, 2820, 3120) to form a localized sample over the sensor when the sample analysis cartridge (700, 800, 900, 2702, 2820, 3120) is coupled to the sample analysis reader (2100, 2200, 2700, 2910, 3000, 3130); a sonicator configured to transmit controlled amounts of energy into a first reservoir (722, 824, 1124, 1324, 1460, 1560, 2724) in the sample analysis cartridge (700, 800, 900, 2702, 2820, 3120); a processor; and memory having instructions stored thereon, wherein the instructions, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to: detect a presence of the sample analysis cartridge (700, 800, 900, 2702, 2820, 3120) loaded into or onto the sample analysis reader (2100, 2200, 2700, 2910, 3000, 3130); detect identification information associated with the sample analysis cartridge (700, 800, 900, 2702, 2820, 3120); identify a proper test protocol for the sample analysis cartridge (700, 800, 900, 2702, 2820, 3120) based at least in part on the identification information; execute the proper test protocol; and detect a presence, absence, and/or quantity of one or more target analytes (110a, 1 10b, 210) from a sample; wherein the instructions, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to detect a sample collection device (300, 400, 500, 600, 2350, 2810, 3110) inserted into the first reservoir of the sample analysis cartridge (700, 800, 900, 2702, 2820, 3120). detect a presence of the sample analysis cartridge (700, 800, 900, 2702, 2820, 3120) loaded into or onto the sample analysis reader (2100, 2200, 2700, 2910, 3000, 3130); detect identification information associated with the sample analysis cartridge (700, 800, 900, 2702, 2820, 3120); identify a proper test protocol for the sample analysis cartridge (700, 800, 900, 2702, 2820, 3120) based at least in part on the identification information; execute the proper test protocol; and detect a presence, absence, and/or quantity of one or more target analytes (110a, 1 10b, 210) from a sample; wherein the instructions, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to detect a sample collection device (300, 400, 500, 600, 2350, 2810, 3110) inserted into the first reservoir of the sample analysis cartridge (700, 800, 900, 2702, 2820, 3120).