A riveting tool for a high-strength ring groove rivet, comprising a gun head assembly, a driving mechanism, a transmission mechanism, a power source and a control module which are arranged in a riveting tool shell, wherein the gun head assembly comprises a clamping jaw and an anvil for squeezed riveting of a ring groove rivet; the power source is a detachable and rechargeable battery; the driving mechanism comprises a DC motor, a reduction gearbox driven by the DC motor, and a driving shaft; characterized in that the transmission mechanism is a planetary roller lead screw transmission mechanism, a planetary roller lead screw shaft of the planetary roller lead screw transmission mechanism is in coaxial driving connection with the clamping jaw of the gun head assembly, and the planetary roller lead screw shaft is driven parallel to the driving shaft and in driving connection with the driving shaft of the driving mechanism through gears installed on the planetary roller lead screw shaft and the driving shaft of the driving mechanism respectively, in that the transmission mechanism further comprises a planetary roller lead screw nut which is in driving fit with the planetary roller lead screw shaft, and a large gear is sleeved on the periphery of the planetary roller lead screw nut; the diameter of a pinion sleeved on the driving shaft of the driving mechanism is smaller than that of a large gear, and the pinion sleeved on the driving shaft is in driving connection with the large gear sleeved on the planetary roller lead screw nut, and in that a planar thrust roller bearing is arranged on a front end face of the planetary roller lead screw nut, a needle roller thrust bearing is arranged on a rear end face, and a set of needle roller bearings (8, 10) is arranged front and rear on the periphery respectively. wherein the gun head assembly comprises a clamping jaw and an anvil for squeezed riveting of a ring groove rivet; the power source is a detachable and rechargeable battery; the driving mechanism comprises a DC motor, a reduction gearbox driven by the DC motor, and a driving shaft; characterized in that the transmission mechanism is a planetary roller lead screw transmission mechanism, a planetary roller lead screw shaft of the planetary roller lead screw transmission mechanism is in coaxial driving connection with the clamping jaw of the gun head assembly, and the planetary roller lead screw shaft is driven parallel to the driving shaft and in driving connection with the driving shaft of the driving mechanism through gears installed on the planetary roller lead screw shaft and the driving shaft of the driving mechanism respectively, in that the transmission mechanism further comprises a planetary roller lead screw nut which is in driving fit with the planetary roller lead screw shaft, and a large gear is sleeved on the periphery of the planetary roller lead screw nut; the diameter of a pinion sleeved on the driving shaft of the driving mechanism is smaller than that of a large gear, and the pinion sleeved on the driving shaft is in driving connection with the large gear sleeved on the planetary roller lead screw nut, and in that a planar thrust roller bearing is arranged on a front end face of the planetary roller lead screw nut, a needle roller thrust bearing is arranged on a rear end face, and a set of needle roller bearings (8, 10) is arranged front and rear on the periphery respectively.