An electronic cigarette temperature control system (100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800, 900) comprising a power supply (11, 31, 51), a heating element (12, 32, 52), a temperature detection element (13, 83, 93), and a processor (14, 44, 54), the power supply (11, 31, 51) is electrically coupled to the heating element (12, 32, 52) and the processor (14, 44, 54); the temperature detection element (13, 83, 93) is electrically coupled to the processor (14, 44, 54), which is configured to detect a change of a temperature T of the heating element (12, 32, 52), and output the change of the temperature T of the heating element (12, 32, 52) to the processor (14, 44, 54); the electronic cigarette temperature control system (100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800, 900) being characterized in that the processor (14, 44, 54) is configured to: determine whether the heating element (12, 32, 52) has temperature coefficient of resistance characteristics according to the resistance value R L of the heating element (12, 32, 52) before the heating element (12, 32, 52) is powered on and the resistance value R L of the heating element (12, 32, 52) after the processor (14, 44, 54) detects that the heating element (12, 32, 52) is powered on; determine a temperature t of the temperature detection element (13, 83, 93) according to an associated physical quantity x of the temperature detection element (13, 83, 93), and calculate the temperature T of the heating element (12, 32, 52) according to the temperature t of the temperature detection element (13, 83, 93) if the heating element (12, 32, 52) does not have temperature coefficient of resistance characteristics; wherein the associated physical quantity x is one of a temperature t, a resistance, a voltage, a current, a resonant frequency, an optical power, and any combination thereof; wherein the processor (14, 44, 54) is further configured to compare the temperature T of the heating element (12, 32, 52) with a pre-stored upper threshold of an operating temperature T H and a pre-stored lower threshold of the operating temperature T L, and control an output voltage or an output power from the power supply (11, 31, 51) to the heating element (12, 32, 52) according to the result of the comparison. determine whether the heating element (12, 32, 52) has temperature coefficient of resistance characteristics according to the resistance value R L of the heating element (12, 32, 52) before the heating element (12, 32, 52) is powered on and the resistance value R L of the heating element (12, 32, 52) after the processor (14, 44, 54) detects that the heating element (12, 32, 52) is powered on; determine a temperature t of the temperature detection element (13, 83, 93) according to an associated physical quantity x of the temperature detection element (13, 83, 93), and calculate the temperature T of the heating element (12, 32, 52) according to the temperature t of the temperature detection element (13, 83, 93) if the heating element (12, 32, 52) does not have temperature coefficient of resistance characteristics; wherein the associated physical quantity x is one of a temperature t, a resistance, a voltage, a current, a resonant frequency, an optical power, and any combination thereof; wherein the processor (14, 44, 54) is further configured to compare the temperature T of the heating element (12, 32, 52) with a pre-stored upper threshold of an operating temperature T H and a pre-stored lower threshold of the operating temperature T L, and control an output voltage or an output power from the power supply (11, 31, 51) to the heating element (12, 32, 52) according to the result of the comparison.