A fast-built testing laboratory for medical testing, comprising a plurality of cabins, said cabins in the plurality of cabins being fast-built cabins, the plurality of cabins forming one or more testing chains, and each of the one or more testing chains comprising: a sample unpacking zone; a sampling zone; a sample extraction zone; and a nucleic acid amplification and testing zone, wherein, for each of the one or more testing chains, extraction reagents required by the sample extraction zone and amplification reagents required by the nucleic acid amplification and testing zone are provided by a reagent preparation zone, and wherein a cabin quantity of the plurality of cabins is adjustable to be adapted to a testing throughput of the fast-built testing laboratory, wherein the fast-built testing laboratory further comprises a laboratory management system configured to manage sample data in the plurality of cabins, characterized in that the laboratory management system comprises: a sample center configured such, that samples are received, registered, and added with internal tracking numbers to form a package reception registration form; an experimental center comprising the one or more testing chains, configured such, that in the experimental center, sample unpacking, sampling, sample extraction, and amplification are performed and data information generated in each process is recorded; an analysis center configured to at least analyze data in the nucleic acid amplification and testing zone; a report center configured to generate a report of a testing result of the nucleic acid amplification and testing zone; and a statistics center configured to statistically obtain sample testing progresses and sample testing results. a sample unpacking zone; a sampling zone; a sample extraction zone; and a nucleic acid amplification and testing zone, wherein, for each of the one or more testing chains, extraction reagents required by the sample extraction zone and amplification reagents required by the nucleic acid amplification and testing zone are provided by a reagent preparation zone, and wherein a cabin quantity of the plurality of cabins is adjustable to be adapted to a testing throughput of the fast-built testing laboratory, wherein the fast-built testing laboratory further comprises a laboratory management system configured to manage sample data in the plurality of cabins, characterized in that the laboratory management system comprises: a sample center configured such, that samples are received, registered, and added with internal tracking numbers to form a package reception registration form; an experimental center comprising the one or more testing chains, configured such, that in the experimental center, sample unpacking, sampling, sample extraction, and amplification are performed and data information generated in each process is recorded; an analysis center configured to at least analyze data in the nucleic acid amplification and testing zone; a report center configured to generate a report of a testing result of the nucleic acid amplification and testing zone; and a statistics center configured to statistically obtain sample testing progresses and sample testing results. a sample center configured such, that samples are received, registered, and added with internal tracking numbers to form a package reception registration form; an experimental center comprising the one or more testing chains, configured such, that in the experimental center, sample unpacking, sampling, sample extraction, and amplification are performed and data information generated in each process is recorded; an analysis center configured to at least analyze data in the nucleic acid amplification and testing zone; a report center configured to generate a report of a testing result of the nucleic acid amplification and testing zone; and a statistics center configured to statistically obtain sample testing progresses and sample testing results.