A device for automatically disassembling a traction battery module, comprising a connecting rack connected to a robot arm, wherein the device further comprises: a first gripping device mounted on the connecting rack, the first gripping device comprising a first hook set, a second hook set, a first driving assembly and a second driving assembly, wherein the first driving assembly is configured to drive the first hook set and/or the second hook set to move, the first hook set and the second hook set each are provided with two hooks that are arranged symmetrically and relatively movable, and the second driving assembly is configured to drive two of the hooks to move relatively; and a second gripping device comprising several locking elements; characterized in that: the second driving assembly comprises a second slider, a mount, a baffle, a first spring, a cylinder, a third slider and a push plate, the hooks are connected to the second slider, the bottom of the mount is provided with a first sliding slot matching with the hooks and the second slider, the second slider is mounted in the first sliding slot, the first sliding slot is sealed by the baffle, and the first spring is disposed between the baffle and the second slider; the cylinder is connected to the third slider, the bottom of the third slider is connected to the push plate, the mount is provided with a second sliding slot matching with the third slider, the push plate and the second slider, and the third slider and the push plate are mounted above the second sliding slot; and when the cylinder pushes the push plate to move downwards, the push plate abuts against the second slider such that the push plate pushes the second slider to move along the first sliding slot; the several locking elements are movably arranged on the connecting rack, a third driving assembly and a fourth driving assembly, wherein the third driving assembly is configured to drive the locking elements to move transversely and longitudinally, the locking elements each comprise a sleeve and a pull rod movably connected in the sleeve, and the fourth driving assembly is configured to drive the pull rod to move; a bottom end of the pull rod is provided with a fixed portion, and one end of the sleeve that is close to the fixed portion is provided with a plurality of movable plates; and when the fixing portion is positioned in the plurality of movable plates, the fixed portion enables the plurality of movable plates to open; and the device further comprises a third gripping device comprising a sucker mounted on the connecting rack. a first gripping device mounted on the connecting rack, the first gripping device comprising a first hook set, a second hook set, a first driving assembly and a second driving assembly, wherein the first driving assembly is configured to drive the first hook set and/or the second hook set to move, the first hook set and the second hook set each are provided with two hooks that are arranged symmetrically and relatively movable, and the second driving assembly is configured to drive two of the hooks to move relatively; and a second gripping device comprising several locking elements; the second driving assembly comprises a second slider, a mount, a baffle, a first spring, a cylinder, a third slider and a push plate, the hooks are connected to the second slider, the bottom of the mount is provided with a first sliding slot matching with the hooks and the second slider, the second slider is mounted in the first sliding slot, the first sliding slot is sealed by the baffle, and the first spring is disposed between the baffle and the second slider; the cylinder is connected to the third slider, the bottom of the third slider is connected to the push plate, the mount is provided with a second sliding slot matching with the third slider, the push plate and the second slider, and the third slider and the push plate are mounted above the second sliding slot; and when the cylinder pushes the push plate to move downwards, the push plate abuts against the second slider such that the push plate pushes the second slider to move along the first sliding slot; the several locking elements are movably arranged on the connecting rack, a third driving assembly and a fourth driving assembly, wherein the third driving assembly is configured to drive the locking elements to move transversely and longitudinally, the locking elements each comprise a sleeve and a pull rod movably connected in the sleeve, and the fourth driving assembly is configured to drive the pull rod to move; a bottom end of the pull rod is provided with a fixed portion, and one end of the sleeve that is close to the fixed portion is provided with a plurality of movable plates; and when the fixing portion is positioned in the plurality of movable plates, the fixed portion enables the plurality of movable plates to open; and the device further comprises a third gripping device comprising a sucker mounted on the connecting rack.