A system for analyzing a sample, the system comprising: an analyzer module configured to analyse the sample for at least two measurable characteristics to thereby generate sample data, the at least one measurable characteristic including concentration, osmolarity, acidity, alkalinity, a change in colour, fluorescence, or luminescence; a data module adapted to store parameter data and relationship data, the parameter data defining a curve fit of a distribution defining an occurrence frequency for the at least two measurable characteristics in a representative subject population, the relationship data including probability equations usable to determine, using the parameter data and the sample data, the probability that the sample is a short sample, a long sample or an acceptable sample; and an evaluation module in communication with the data module and the analyzer module, and programmed to use the parameter data, the relationship data, and the sample data to determine the probability that the sample is a short sample, a long sample or an acceptable sample by comparing the determined probability to a threshold probability level and determining an overall probability of the sample being the short sample, the long sample, or the acceptable sample for two or more of the measurable characteristics; wherein a short sample is a sample that erroneously has too small a sample concentration due to incorrect dilution, a long sample is a sample that erroneously has too large a sample concentration due to incorrect dilution, and an acceptable sample is not a short sample or a long sample and has a correct sample concentration. an analyzer module configured to analyse the sample for at least two measurable characteristics to thereby generate sample data, the at least one measurable characteristic including concentration, osmolarity, acidity, alkalinity, a change in colour, fluorescence, or luminescence; a data module adapted to store parameter data and relationship data, the parameter data defining a curve fit of a distribution defining an occurrence frequency for the at least two measurable characteristics in a representative subject population, the relationship data including probability equations usable to determine, using the parameter data and the sample data, the probability that the sample is a short sample, a long sample or an acceptable sample; and an evaluation module in communication with the data module and the analyzer module, and programmed to use the parameter data, the relationship data, and the sample data to determine the probability that the sample is a short sample, a long sample or an acceptable sample by comparing the determined probability to a threshold probability level and determining an overall probability of the sample being the short sample, the long sample, or the acceptable sample for two or more of the measurable characteristics; wherein a short sample is a sample that erroneously has too small a sample concentration due to incorrect dilution, a long sample is a sample that erroneously has too large a sample concentration due to incorrect dilution, and an acceptable sample is not a short sample or a long sample and has a correct sample concentration.