Method for estimating optical properties of a sample, each optical property governing the scattering or the absorption of light in the sample, the method including the following steps: a) illuminating the surface of the sample using a first light beam, produced by a first light source; b) acquiring, through an objective, and using a first image sensor, a first image (I 1 (λ)) of light radiation backscattered by the sample thus illuminated; c) using said first image, determining, at multiple regions of interest of the surface of the sample, a first quantity of interest (R), representative of a quantity of said light radiation backscattered by the sample; d) estimating a first optical property (μ a (λ)) at each of said regions of interest, using the first quantity of interest; the method being characterized in that it comprises, prior to step d), - determining at least one surface element of the sample on the basis of the first image (I 1 (λ)) acquired in step b); - measuring an optical property, referred to as the auxiliary optical property (μ' s (λ)) of the sample, that differs from the first optical property, the auxiliary optical property being measured in a point-like manner according to each surface element thus determined; such that each estimate made in step d) takes account of an auxiliary optical property thus measured on the sample; the method being such that: - either the first optical property is a light absorption property (μ a (λ)) of the sample, the auxiliary optical property being a light scattering property (μ' s (λ)) of the sample; - or the first optical property is a light scattering property (μ' s (λ)) of the sample, the auxiliary optical property being a light absorption property (μ a (λ)) of the sample. a) illuminating the surface of the sample using a first light beam, produced by a first light source; b) acquiring, through an objective, and using a first image sensor, a first image (I 1 (λ)) of light radiation backscattered by the sample thus illuminated; c) using said first image, determining, at multiple regions of interest of the surface of the sample, a first quantity of interest (R), representative of a quantity of said light radiation backscattered by the sample; d) estimating a first optical property (μ a (λ)) at each of said regions of interest, using the first quantity of interest; the method being characterized in that it comprises, prior to step d), - determining at least one surface element of the sample on the basis of the first image (I 1 (λ)) acquired in step b); - measuring an optical property, referred to as the auxiliary optical property (μ' s (λ)) of the sample, that differs from the first optical property, the auxiliary optical property being measured in a point-like manner according to each surface element thus determined; - determining at least one surface element of the sample on the basis of the first image (I 1 (λ)) acquired in step b); - measuring an optical property, referred to as the auxiliary optical property (μ' s (λ)) of the sample, that differs from the first optical property, the auxiliary optical property being measured in a point-like manner according to each surface element thus determined; such that each estimate made in step d) takes account of an auxiliary optical property thus measured on the sample; the method being such that: - either the first optical property is a light absorption property (μ a (λ)) of the sample, the auxiliary optical property being a light scattering property (μ' s (λ)) of the sample; - or the first optical property is a light scattering property (μ' s (λ)) of the sample, the auxiliary optical property being a light absorption property (μ a (λ)) of the sample. - either the first optical property is a light absorption property (μ a (λ)) of the sample, the auxiliary optical property being a light scattering property (μ' s (λ)) of the sample; - or the first optical property is a light scattering property (μ' s (λ)) of the sample, the auxiliary optical property being a light absorption property (μ a (λ)) of the sample.