A communication method for a passive optical network, comprising: receiving at least two channels of uplink data signals sent by at least two optical splitters, wherein each channel of uplink data signal comprises at least one burst optical signal (101, 201); recovering a burst digital signal packet from the burst optical signal in each channel of uplink data signal; selecting the burst digital signal packet and obtaining one channel of uplink data stream; and sending the uplink data stream to an optical line terminal; characterized in that the selecting the burst digital signal packet and obtaining the one channel of uplink data stream comprises: performing packet header detection on the burst digital signal packet in each channel of uplink data signal; when detecting a packet header of the burst digital signal packet in each channel of uplink data signal, generating an indication signal; selecting and outputting the burst digital signal packet in each channel of uplink data signal according to the indication signal, and obtaining one channel of electrical signal data stream, wherein the electrical signal data stream includes the selected at least one burst digital signal packet; and performing electro-optical conversion on the electrical signal data stream, and obtaining the one channel of uplink data stream.. receiving at least two channels of uplink data signals sent by at least two optical splitters, wherein each channel of uplink data signal comprises at least one burst optical signal (101, 201); recovering a burst digital signal packet from the burst optical signal in each channel of uplink data signal; selecting the burst digital signal packet and obtaining one channel of uplink data stream; and sending the uplink data stream to an optical line terminal; characterized in that the selecting the burst digital signal packet and obtaining the one channel of uplink data stream comprises: performing packet header detection on the burst digital signal packet in each channel of uplink data signal; when detecting a packet header of the burst digital signal packet in each channel of uplink data signal, generating an indication signal; selecting and outputting the burst digital signal packet in each channel of uplink data signal according to the indication signal, and obtaining one channel of electrical signal data stream, wherein the electrical signal data stream includes the selected at least one burst digital signal packet; and performing electro-optical conversion on the electrical signal data stream, and obtaining the one channel of uplink data stream.. performing packet header detection on the burst digital signal packet in each channel of uplink data signal; when detecting a packet header of the burst digital signal packet in each channel of uplink data signal, generating an indication signal; selecting and outputting the burst digital signal packet in each channel of uplink data signal according to the indication signal, and obtaining one channel of electrical signal data stream, wherein the electrical signal data stream includes the selected at least one burst digital signal packet; and performing electro-optical conversion on the electrical signal data stream, and obtaining the one channel of uplink data stream..