A method of producing lactic acid bacteria having a dual coating of protein and polysaccharide coatings, the method comprising the steps of: (a) treating an aqueous protein solution with a protease, thereby preparing an aqueous protein hydrolysate solution; (b) adding a sugar component and a nitrogen source component for lactic acid bacteria culture to the prepared aqueous protein hydrolysate solution, followed by sterilization, and then inoculating and culturing the lactic acid bacteria in the sterilized aqueous solution; (c) recovering lactic acid bacteria cells from a fermented lactic acid bacteria culture obtained by the culturing; (d) adding an aqueous cryoprotectant solution and an aqueous polysaccharide solution to the recovered lactic acid bacteria cells, followed by mixing and homogenization; and (e) freeze-drying the homogenized aqueous lactic acid bacteria cell solution, wherein the hydrolysis rate of the protein in step (a) is (i) a percentage value (%) obtained by dividing a ΔOD value, which is a difference between the optical density value ("start-point OD") of the aqueous protein solution, measured before treatment with the protease, and the optical density value ("endpoint OD") of the aqueous protein solution, measured after treatment with the protease, by the start-point OD value; or (ii) a percentage value (%) obtained by dividing a Δppt value, which is a difference between the measured weight value ("start-point ppt") of a precipitate, obtained by centrifuging the aqueous protein solution before treatment with the protease, and the measured weight value ("endpoint ppt") of a precipitate, obtained by centrifuging the aqueous protein solution after treatment with the protease, by the start-point ppt value, wherein the protein in step (a) is isolated soy protein, wherein the concentration of the isolated soy protein is 0.45% and the concentration of the protease is 0.015%, wherein the hydrolysis rate of the isolated soy protein is 74%, wherein the lactic acid bacteria is Bifidobacterium breve CBT BR3 (KCTC 12201BP). (a) treating an aqueous protein solution with a protease, thereby preparing an aqueous protein hydrolysate solution; (b) adding a sugar component and a nitrogen source component for lactic acid bacteria culture to the prepared aqueous protein hydrolysate solution, followed by sterilization, and then inoculating and culturing the lactic acid bacteria in the sterilized aqueous solution; (c) recovering lactic acid bacteria cells from a fermented lactic acid bacteria culture obtained by the culturing; (d) adding an aqueous cryoprotectant solution and an aqueous polysaccharide solution to the recovered lactic acid bacteria cells, followed by mixing and homogenization; and (e) freeze-drying the homogenized aqueous lactic acid bacteria cell solution, wherein the hydrolysis rate of the protein in step (a) is (i) a percentage value (%) obtained by dividing a ΔOD value, which is a difference between the optical density value ("start-point OD") of the aqueous protein solution, measured before treatment with the protease, and the optical density value ("endpoint OD") of the aqueous protein solution, measured after treatment with the protease, by the start-point OD value; or (ii) a percentage value (%) obtained by dividing a Δppt value, which is a difference between the measured weight value ("start-point ppt") of a precipitate, obtained by centrifuging the aqueous protein solution before treatment with the protease, and the measured weight value ("endpoint ppt") of a precipitate, obtained by centrifuging the aqueous protein solution after treatment with the protease, by the start-point ppt value, (i) a percentage value (%) obtained by dividing a ΔOD value, which is a difference between the optical density value ("start-point OD") of the aqueous protein solution, measured before treatment with the protease, and the optical density value ("endpoint OD") of the aqueous protein solution, measured after treatment with the protease, by the start-point OD value; or (ii) a percentage value (%) obtained by dividing a Δppt value, which is a difference between the measured weight value ("start-point ppt") of a precipitate, obtained by centrifuging the aqueous protein solution before treatment with the protease, and the measured weight value ("endpoint ppt") of a precipitate, obtained by centrifuging the aqueous protein solution after treatment with the protease, by the start-point ppt value, wherein the protein in step (a) is isolated soy protein, wherein the concentration of the isolated soy protein is 0.45% and the concentration of the protease is 0.015%, wherein the hydrolysis rate of the isolated soy protein is 74%, wherein the lactic acid bacteria is Bifidobacterium breve CBT BR3 (KCTC 12201BP).