Multi-effect distillation desalination arrangement with thermal vapour compression (MED-TVC) having a low compression ratio, characterized in that it comprises: a plurality of interconnected effects, wherein each interconnected effect comprises a latent heat exchanger that comprises at least one evaporator-condenser tube or chamber having an evaporating face that is covered, at least in part, by microgrooves or microrecesses, the microgrooves or microrecesses being configured to allow a saline solution to be desalinated to flow through them forming saline solution menisci in the microgrooves or micro-recesses such that water vapour evaporates from the ends of the menisci and a condensing face that is covered, at least in part, by microgrooves or other capillary structure, the microgrooves or other capillary structure being configured to allow water vapour to condense in capillary condensation regime on the microgrooves or other capillary structure such that water menisci are formed therein; and at least one thermocompressor or ejector configured to suck water vapour from one effect of the plurality of interconnected effects and provide the water vapour to another previous effect of the plurality of interconnected effects, the at least one thermocompressor or ejector having a compression ratio that is equal to or less than '1 + 0.08*(n-1)', with 'n' being the number of effects of the plurality of effects, the compression ratio resulting from the decrease in temperature and working pressure of the first effect of the plurality of interconnected effects, wherein the supply of the saline solution to be desalinated on the evaporating face is made inside the microgrooves or micro-recesses without forming thin water films; wherein a wall section of the evaporator-condenser tubes or chambers has the shape of a continuous broken zigzag, crenellated or wavy line and is configured to have a thermal path between the point of condensation on the water menisci where the condensation latent heat is released and the upper ends of the saline solution menisci where evaporation occurs and absorption of evaporation latent heat takes place, that is free of water layers, wherein the latent heat exchangers are configured to have a heat transfer coefficient that allows a condensation and evaporation cycle to be carried out, per effect, with a thermal jump of 0.8°C, or less, plus a temperature difference due to a boiling point elevation of the saline solution; and wherein the first effect of the plurality of effects has a working temperature below 70°C which corresponds to the working temperature of a last effect of the plurality of effects plus a thermal jump per effect multiplied by the number of effects of the plurality of effects. a plurality of interconnected effects, wherein each interconnected effect comprises a latent heat exchanger that comprises at least one evaporator-condenser tube or chamber having an evaporating face that is covered, at least in part, by microgrooves or microrecesses, the microgrooves or microrecesses being configured to allow a saline solution to be desalinated to flow through them forming saline solution menisci in the microgrooves or micro-recesses such that water vapour evaporates from the ends of the menisci and a condensing face that is covered, at least in part, by microgrooves or other capillary structure, the microgrooves or other capillary structure being configured to allow water vapour to condense in capillary condensation regime on the microgrooves or other capillary structure such that water menisci are formed therein; and at least one thermocompressor or ejector configured to suck water vapour from one effect of the plurality of interconnected effects and provide the water vapour to another previous effect of the plurality of interconnected effects, the at least one thermocompressor or ejector having a compression ratio that is equal to or less than '1 + 0.08*(n-1)', with 'n' being the number of effects of the plurality of effects, the compression ratio resulting from the decrease in temperature and working pressure of the first effect of the plurality of interconnected effects, wherein the supply of the saline solution to be desalinated on the evaporating face is made inside the microgrooves or micro-recesses without forming thin water films; wherein a wall section of the evaporator-condenser tubes or chambers has the shape of a continuous broken zigzag, crenellated or wavy line and is configured to have a thermal path between the point of condensation on the water menisci where the condensation latent heat is released and the upper ends of the saline solution menisci where evaporation occurs and absorption of evaporation latent heat takes place, that is free of water layers, wherein the latent heat exchangers are configured to have a heat transfer coefficient that allows a condensation and evaporation cycle to be carried out, per effect, with a thermal jump of 0.8°C, or less, plus a temperature difference due to a boiling point elevation of the saline solution; and wherein the first effect of the plurality of effects has a working temperature below 70°C which corresponds to the working temperature of a last effect of the plurality of effects plus a thermal jump per effect multiplied by the number of effects of the plurality of effects.