A surgical device adapter for coupling an end effector to a surgical device, the surgical device adapter comprising: a proximal joint housing including a proximal end and a distal end, the proximal joint housing couplable at the proximal end thereof to the surgical device; a middle joint housing having a proximal end and a distal end, the middle joint housing pivotally coupled at the proximal end thereof to the distal end of the proximal joint housing, the middle joint housing pivotable about a first pivot axis defined between the proximal joint housing and the middle joint housing; and a distal joint housing having a proximal end and a distal end, the distal joint housing pivotally coupled at the proximal end thereof to the distal end of the middle joint housing, the distal joint housing coupleable at the distal end thereof to the end effector and pivotable about a second pivot axis defined between the middle joint housing and the distal joint housing, the second pivot axis being transverse to the first pivot axis. Said surgical device adapter further comprises: a drive mechanism including a plurality of gears and couplable to the surgical device and the end effector, the drive mechanism configured to actuate the end effector in response to input from the surgical device, wherein the plurality of gears are disposed between the proximal, middle, and distal joint housings; and also comprises a first articulation link coupled to the middle joint housing, the first articulation link longitudinally movable in a proximal direction to pivot the middle joint housing in a first direction about the first pivot axis and in a distal direction to pivot the middle joint housing in a second direction about the first pivot axis. a proximal joint housing including a proximal end and a distal end, the proximal joint housing couplable at the proximal end thereof to the surgical device; a middle joint housing having a proximal end and a distal end, the middle joint housing pivotally coupled at the proximal end thereof to the distal end of the proximal joint housing, the middle joint housing pivotable about a first pivot axis defined between the proximal joint housing and the middle joint housing; and a distal joint housing having a proximal end and a distal end, the distal joint housing pivotally coupled at the proximal end thereof to the distal end of the middle joint housing, the distal joint housing coupleable at the distal end thereof to the end effector and pivotable about a second pivot axis defined between the middle joint housing and the distal joint housing, the second pivot axis being transverse to the first pivot axis. a drive mechanism including a plurality of gears and couplable to the surgical device and the end effector, the drive mechanism configured to actuate the end effector in response to input from the surgical device, wherein the plurality of gears are disposed between the proximal, middle, and distal joint housings; and also comprises a first articulation link coupled to the middle joint housing, the first articulation link longitudinally movable in a proximal direction to pivot the middle joint housing in a first direction about the first pivot axis and in a distal direction to pivot the middle joint housing in a second direction about the first pivot axis. a first articulation link coupled to the middle joint housing, the first articulation link longitudinally movable in a proximal direction to pivot the middle joint housing in a first direction about the first pivot axis and in a distal direction to pivot the middle joint housing in a second direction about the first pivot axis.