A process for forming projections on a substrate for use as elements in a touch fastening system, comprising: providing a substrate thermoplastic material (11, 21, 52) having a surface; providing a device as a source (13, 20, 54) of vibration energy to soften the polymer; providing a plurality of cavities which are shaped to form projections which can function as a hook portion of the touch fastening system and which are shaped as one or more of hooks and curved pins, each having cross-sections which are round, oval, square, rectangular, trapezoidal, solid, hollow and combinations thereof, wherein (a) the process further comprises: providing a mold having an outer surface, wherein said mold contains a plurality of cavities as at least a part of the plurality of cavities, positioning said substrate material (11, 21) between said mold and said device (13, 20); applying power to said device (13, 20) wherein a portion of said substrate material enters said cavities in said mold surface; and forming projections on at least a portion of said surface of said substrate material (11,21), wherein additionally or alternatively to (a) it applies that (b) said device has a surface containing a plurality of cavities as at least a part of the plurality of cavities, said cavities arranged along at least a portion of said surface, the process comprising further: pressing said device against said surface of said substrate material (11, 21, 52); applying power to said device and forcing a portion of said substrate material into said cavities in said surface of said device and forming projections on said surface of said substrate material (11, 21, 52), said projections generally conforming to said shape of said cavities. providing a substrate thermoplastic material (11, 21, 52) having a surface; providing a device as a source (13, 20, 54) of vibration energy to soften the polymer; providing a plurality of cavities which are shaped to form projections which can function as a hook portion of the touch fastening system and which are shaped as one or more of hooks and curved pins, each having cross-sections which are round, oval, square, rectangular, trapezoidal, solid, hollow and combinations thereof, (a) the process further comprises: providing a mold having an outer surface, wherein said mold contains a plurality of cavities as at least a part of the plurality of cavities, positioning said substrate material (11, 21) between said mold and said device (13, 20); applying power to said device (13, 20) wherein a portion of said substrate material enters said cavities in said mold surface; and forming projections on at least a portion of said surface of said substrate material (11,21), wherein additionally or alternatively to (a) it applies that providing a mold having an outer surface, wherein said mold contains a plurality of cavities as at least a part of the plurality of cavities, positioning said substrate material (11, 21) between said mold and said device (13, 20); applying power to said device (13, 20) wherein a portion of said substrate material enters said cavities in said mold surface; and forming projections on at least a portion of said surface of said substrate material (11,21), (b) said device has a surface containing a plurality of cavities as at least a part of the plurality of cavities, said cavities arranged along at least a portion of said surface, the process comprising further: pressing said device against said surface of said substrate material (11, 21, 52); applying power to said device and forcing a portion of said substrate material into said cavities in said surface of said device and forming projections on said surface of said substrate material (11, 21, 52), said projections generally conforming to said shape of said cavities. pressing said device against said surface of said substrate material (11, 21, 52); applying power to said device and forcing a portion of said substrate material into said cavities in said surface of said device and forming projections on said surface of said substrate material (11, 21, 52), said projections generally conforming to said shape of said cavities.