A method for transmitting a user-specific reference signal, comprising: determining a modulus loss based on a difference between a signal-to-noise ratio obtained in a case that a modulus operation is performed on a data symbol and a signal-to-noise ratio obtained in a case that no modulus operation is performed on the data symbol; determining a power loss based on a difference between a signal-to-noise ratio obtained in a case that a power control is performed on a data symbol and a signal-to-noise ratio obtained in a case that no power control is performed on the data symbol, wherein the power control comprises multiplying the data symbol by a preset power factor; determining a modulus identification, and performing an interference elimination processing on a user-specific reference signal based on the modulus identification to obtain an interference-eliminated user-specific reference signal; performing a beamforming processing on the interference-eliminated user-specific reference signal to obtain a beamformed reference signal; and performing an inverse fast fourier transform, IFFT, and a digital-to-analogue conversion on the beamformed reference signal to obtain an analogue signal for the user-specific reference signal, and transmitting the analogue reference signal to a user terminal, wherein the determining the modulus identification comprises: determining the modulus identification as 0 in a case that the modulus loss is greater than the power loss, wherein a modulus identification of 0 indicates instructing to perform no modulus operation on the data symbol; and wherein the performing the interference elimination processing on the user-specific reference signal based on the modulus identification comprises: determining an interference elimination amount, and performing the interference elimination processing on the user-specific reference signal according to the interference elimination amount, in a case that the modulus identification is 0. determining a modulus loss based on a difference between a signal-to-noise ratio obtained in a case that a modulus operation is performed on a data symbol and a signal-to-noise ratio obtained in a case that no modulus operation is performed on the data symbol; determining a power loss based on a difference between a signal-to-noise ratio obtained in a case that a power control is performed on a data symbol and a signal-to-noise ratio obtained in a case that no power control is performed on the data symbol, wherein the power control comprises multiplying the data symbol by a preset power factor; determining a modulus identification, and performing an interference elimination processing on a user-specific reference signal based on the modulus identification to obtain an interference-eliminated user-specific reference signal; performing a beamforming processing on the interference-eliminated user-specific reference signal to obtain a beamformed reference signal; and performing an inverse fast fourier transform, IFFT, and a digital-to-analogue conversion on the beamformed reference signal to obtain an analogue signal for the user-specific reference signal, and transmitting the analogue reference signal to a user terminal, wherein the determining the modulus identification comprises: determining the modulus identification as 0 in a case that the modulus loss is greater than the power loss, wherein a modulus identification of 0 indicates instructing to perform no modulus operation on the data symbol; and wherein the performing the interference elimination processing on the user-specific reference signal based on the modulus identification comprises: determining an interference elimination amount, and performing the interference elimination processing on the user-specific reference signal according to the interference elimination amount, in a case that the modulus identification is 0. determining the modulus identification as 0 in a case that the modulus loss is greater than the power loss, wherein a modulus identification of 0 indicates instructing to perform no modulus operation on the data symbol; and wherein the performing the interference elimination processing on the user-specific reference signal based on the modulus identification comprises: determining an interference elimination amount, and performing the interference elimination processing on the user-specific reference signal according to the interference elimination amount, in a case that the modulus identification is 0.