A buffer system of a deep seafloor mineral resource mining system which transfers crushed minerals on deep seafloor by a mining robot to a surface boat on the sea, the buffer system comprising: a hopper part that introduces and stores a crushed mineral resource to discharge the crushed mineral resource upward; a first pipe that communicates with an upper portion of the hopper part to introduce the mineral resource; a feeder part provided under the hopper part to discharge the mineral resources upward; a second pipe that communicates with the feeder part and lifts the mineral resource; a hydraulic part provided under the hopper part to convert power received from the surface boat into hydraulic power to operate at least one actuator and a driving motor to introduce the mineral resource into the first pipe; and a structure frame coupled to a lifting pipe to transmit an external load applied to the buffer system, and constituting an external frame of the buffer system to protect internal units, characterized in that the buffer system further comprises a measurement control unit to control the feeder part and the hydraulic part, wherein the measurement control unit comprises: a main-power pressure housing that serves as a central controller and supplies power to a flux sensor, a hydraulic pressure sensor, a water leakage sensor, an oil pressure sensor and electronic devices; a camera-flow pressure housing that monitors the buffer system to collect information of the sensors and to transmit the information of the sensors to a control chamber of the surface boat; a transformer box that receives high voltage of the surface boat and converts the high voltage into driving voltage for the electronic devices; a power junction box that distributes the driving voltage received from the transformer box and supplies the power to the HPU; and a signal-flow junction box that transmits and branches a signal of the mining robot, performs the power supply and signal transmission of the flow sensor, and controls an actuator to drive a transmission pump of a hydraulic control valve buffer of a valve block. a hopper part that introduces and stores a crushed mineral resource to discharge the crushed mineral resource upward; a first pipe that communicates with an upper portion of the hopper part to introduce the mineral resource; a feeder part provided under the hopper part to discharge the mineral resources upward; a second pipe that communicates with the feeder part and lifts the mineral resource; a hydraulic part provided under the hopper part to convert power received from the surface boat into hydraulic power to operate at least one actuator and a driving motor to introduce the mineral resource into the first pipe; and a structure frame coupled to a lifting pipe to transmit an external load applied to the buffer system, and constituting an external frame of the buffer system to protect internal units, characterized in that the buffer system further comprises a measurement control unit to control the feeder part and the hydraulic part, wherein the measurement control unit comprises: a main-power pressure housing that serves as a central controller and supplies power to a flux sensor, a hydraulic pressure sensor, a water leakage sensor, an oil pressure sensor and electronic devices; a camera-flow pressure housing that monitors the buffer system to collect information of the sensors and to transmit the information of the sensors to a control chamber of the surface boat; a transformer box that receives high voltage of the surface boat and converts the high voltage into driving voltage for the electronic devices; a power junction box that distributes the driving voltage received from the transformer box and supplies the power to the HPU; and a signal-flow junction box that transmits and branches a signal of the mining robot, performs the power supply and signal transmission of the flow sensor, and controls an actuator to drive a transmission pump of a hydraulic control valve buffer of a valve block. a main-power pressure housing that serves as a central controller and supplies power to a flux sensor, a hydraulic pressure sensor, a water leakage sensor, an oil pressure sensor and electronic devices; a camera-flow pressure housing that monitors the buffer system to collect information of the sensors and to transmit the information of the sensors to a control chamber of the surface boat; a transformer box that receives high voltage of the surface boat and converts the high voltage into driving voltage for the electronic devices; a power junction box that distributes the driving voltage received from the transformer box and supplies the power to the HPU; and a signal-flow junction box that transmits and branches a signal of the mining robot, performs the power supply and signal transmission of the flow sensor, and controls an actuator to drive a transmission pump of a hydraulic control valve buffer of a valve block.