A vector four-fundamental-rule operation device, configured to perform a vector four-fundamental-rule operation according to a vector four-fundamental-rule operation instruction, the device comprising: a storage unit, configured to store vectors, wherein the storage unit is a scratchpad memory capable of supporting vectors of different sizes; a register unit, configured to store vector addresses, wherein the vector addresses are addresses in the storage unit where the vectors are stored; a vector four-fundamental-rule operation unit, configured to acquire the vector four-fundamental-rule operation instruction, to acquire vector addresses from the register unit according to the vector four-fundamental-rule operation instruction, to acquire vectors from the storage unit according to the vector addresses acquired, and to perform the vector four-fundamental-rule operation on the vectors acquired to obtain a result of the vector four-fundamental-rule operation; and a dependency relationship processing unit configured to: determine whether the vector four-fundamental-rule operation instruction accesses a same vector as a previous vector four-fundamental-rule operation instruction, before the vector four-fundamental-rule operation unit acquires the vector four-fundamental-rule operation instruction; and store the vector four-fundamental-rule operation instruction into a storage queue based on a determination that the vector four-fundamental-rule operation instruction accesses the same vector as the previous vector four-fundamental-rule operation instruction, and provide the vector four-fundamental-rule operation instruction in the storage queue for the vector four-fundamental-rule operation unit after execution of the previous vector four-fundamental-rule operation instruction is completed; or provide the vector four-fundamental-rule operation instruction for the vector four-fundamental-rule operation unit directly, based on a determination that the vector four-fundamental-rule operation instruction does not access the same vector as the previous vector four-fundamental-rule operation instruction. a storage unit, configured to store vectors, wherein the storage unit is a scratchpad memory capable of supporting vectors of different sizes; a register unit, configured to store vector addresses, wherein the vector addresses are addresses in the storage unit where the vectors are stored; a vector four-fundamental-rule operation unit, configured to acquire the vector four-fundamental-rule operation instruction, to acquire vector addresses from the register unit according to the vector four-fundamental-rule operation instruction, to acquire vectors from the storage unit according to the vector addresses acquired, and to perform the vector four-fundamental-rule operation on the vectors acquired to obtain a result of the vector four-fundamental-rule operation; and a dependency relationship processing unit configured to: determine whether the vector four-fundamental-rule operation instruction accesses a same vector as a previous vector four-fundamental-rule operation instruction, before the vector four-fundamental-rule operation unit acquires the vector four-fundamental-rule operation instruction; and store the vector four-fundamental-rule operation instruction into a storage queue based on a determination that the vector four-fundamental-rule operation instruction accesses the same vector as the previous vector four-fundamental-rule operation instruction, and provide the vector four-fundamental-rule operation instruction in the storage queue for the vector four-fundamental-rule operation unit after execution of the previous vector four-fundamental-rule operation instruction is completed; or provide the vector four-fundamental-rule operation instruction for the vector four-fundamental-rule operation unit directly, based on a determination that the vector four-fundamental-rule operation instruction does not access the same vector as the previous vector four-fundamental-rule operation instruction. determine whether the vector four-fundamental-rule operation instruction accesses a same vector as a previous vector four-fundamental-rule operation instruction, before the vector four-fundamental-rule operation unit acquires the vector four-fundamental-rule operation instruction; and store the vector four-fundamental-rule operation instruction into a storage queue based on a determination that the vector four-fundamental-rule operation instruction accesses the same vector as the previous vector four-fundamental-rule operation instruction, and provide the vector four-fundamental-rule operation instruction in the storage queue for the vector four-fundamental-rule operation unit after execution of the previous vector four-fundamental-rule operation instruction is completed; or provide the vector four-fundamental-rule operation instruction for the vector four-fundamental-rule operation unit directly, based on a determination that the vector four-fundamental-rule operation instruction does not access the same vector as the previous vector four-fundamental-rule operation instruction.