An optical system comprising: at least one lens element configured to receive incident light; at least one beam splitter optically coupled to the at least one lens element, wherein the at least one beam splitter is configured to separate the incident light into at least a first portion having a first photon flux and a second portion having a second photon flux, wherein the first photon flux is at least an order of magnitude greater than the second photon flux; a first image sensor configured to receive the first portion of the incident light; a second image sensor configured to receive the second portion of the incident light; and a controller comprising at least one processor and a memory, wherein the controller is configured to execute instructions stored in the memory so as to carry out operations, the operations comprising: causing the first image sensor to capture a first image of the first portion of the incident light according to a first capture time, wherein the first capture time is a predetermined fixed capture time of at least a known illumination period of a particular temporally-varying photon flux source that is expected to be present in a scene associated with the incident light; and causing the second image sensor to capture a second image of the second portion of the incident light according to a second capture time, wherein the second capture time is adjustable to detect elements other than the particular temporally-varying photon flux source present in the scene associated with the incident light. at least one lens element configured to receive incident light; at least one beam splitter optically coupled to the at least one lens element, wherein the at least one beam splitter is configured to separate the incident light into at least a first portion having a first photon flux and a second portion having a second photon flux, wherein the first photon flux is at least an order of magnitude greater than the second photon flux; a first image sensor configured to receive the first portion of the incident light; a second image sensor configured to receive the second portion of the incident light; and a controller comprising at least one processor and a memory, wherein the controller is configured to execute instructions stored in the memory so as to carry out operations, the operations comprising: causing the first image sensor to capture a first image of the first portion of the incident light according to a first capture time, wherein the first capture time is a predetermined fixed capture time of at least a known illumination period of a particular temporally-varying photon flux source that is expected to be present in a scene associated with the incident light; and causing the second image sensor to capture a second image of the second portion of the incident light according to a second capture time, wherein the second capture time is adjustable to detect elements other than the particular temporally-varying photon flux source present in the scene associated with the incident light. causing the first image sensor to capture a first image of the first portion of the incident light according to a first capture time, wherein the first capture time is a predetermined fixed capture time of at least a known illumination period of a particular temporally-varying photon flux source that is expected to be present in a scene associated with the incident light; and causing the second image sensor to capture a second image of the second portion of the incident light according to a second capture time, wherein the second capture time is adjustable to detect elements other than the particular temporally-varying photon flux source present in the scene associated with the incident light.