A device for detecting and characterising clogging (enc) capable of being formed on at least one wall (P1, P2) of a component, subjected to one or more heat exchanges, characterised in that it includes: - a single first means or a number N of first means for depositing energy and measuring temperature, N being an integer greater than or equal to 2, - a number N of second means for measuring temperature, the single first means being associated with each of the M second means to form N spacing pairs (C 1,..., C N) of the device, or each first means of the N first means being associated two by two with a second means of the N second means to form a spacing pair (C 1,..., C N) and thus a total of N spacing pairs (C 1,..., C N), the single first means being associated with N first bodies or each first means of the N first means being associated two by two with a first body of N first bodies, each second means of the N second means being associated with a single second body or two by two with a second body of N second bodies, the first bodies being integral and in direct contact with a first wall of the component, subjected to one or more heat exchanges, on which clogging (enc) is capable of being formed, and the second body or bodies being without direct contact with said first wall, for each spacing pair (C 1,..., C N), the first body and the second body, respectively associated with the first means of the spacing pair (C 1,..., C N) and with the second means of the spacing pair (C 1,..., C N) being separated by a predefined non-zero distance (2d 1,..., 2d N), so that the first bodies are at a distance from the second body or bodies, the N predefined distances (2d 1,..., 2d N), associated with the N spacing pairs (C 1,..., C N), being increasing or decreasing, the first means and the second means being connected to at least one power supply device, at least one data acquisition device and at least one overall supervision device for detecting and characterising clogging (enc) formed. - a single first means or a number N of first means for depositing energy and measuring temperature, N being an integer greater than or equal to 2, - a number N of second means for measuring temperature, the single first means being associated with each of the M second means to form N spacing pairs (C 1,..., C N) of the device, or each first means of the N first means being associated two by two with a second means of the N second means to form a spacing pair (C 1,..., C N) and thus a total of N spacing pairs (C 1,..., C N), the single first means being associated with N first bodies or each first means of the N first means being associated two by two with a first body of N first bodies, each second means of the N second means being associated with a single second body or two by two with a second body of N second bodies, the first bodies being integral and in direct contact with a first wall of the component, subjected to one or more heat exchanges, on which clogging (enc) is capable of being formed, and the second body or bodies being without direct contact with said first wall, for each spacing pair (C 1,..., C N), the first body and the second body, respectively associated with the first means of the spacing pair (C 1,..., C N) and with the second means of the spacing pair (C 1,..., C N) being separated by a predefined non-zero distance (2d 1,..., 2d N), so that the first bodies are at a distance from the second body or bodies, the N predefined distances (2d 1,..., 2d N), associated with the N spacing pairs (C 1,..., C N), being increasing or decreasing, the first means and the second means being connected to at least one power supply device, at least one data acquisition device and at least one overall supervision device for detecting and characterising clogging (enc) formed. the single first means being associated with N first bodies or each first means of the N first means being associated two by two with a first body of N first bodies, each second means of the N second means being associated with a single second body or two by two with a second body of N second bodies, the first bodies being integral and in direct contact with a first wall of the component, subjected to one or more heat exchanges, on which clogging (enc) is capable of being formed, and the second body or bodies being without direct contact with said first wall, for each spacing pair (C 1,..., C N), the first body and the second body, respectively associated with the first means of the spacing pair (C 1,..., C N) and with the second means of the spacing pair (C 1,..., C N) being separated by a predefined non-zero distance (2d 1,..., 2d N), so that the first bodies are at a distance from the second body or bodies, the N predefined distances (2d 1,..., 2d N), associated with the N spacing pairs (C 1,..., C N), being increasing or decreasing, the first means and the second means being connected to at least one power supply device, at least one data acquisition device and at least one overall supervision device for detecting and characterising clogging (enc) formed.