A composition for use in the prevention or treatment of metabolic diseases selected from the group consisting of obesity, type I diabetes, type II diabetes, impaired glucose tolerance, insulin resistance syndrome, hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, hypertriglyceridemia, hypercholesterolemia, dyslipidemia, and syndrome X, the composition containing: (a), as a first active ingredient, a compound represented by formula 1, an optical isomer, hydrate, or solvate thereof, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; and (b), as a second active ingredient, at least one compound selected from the group consisting of dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPPIV) inhibitor-based, sulfonylurea-based, thiazolidinedione -based, biguanide-based, and sodium/glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor-based compounds: (In formula 1, - - - is a single bond or double bond; A and E are independently C or N; n is an integer of 0-1; X is a single bond, or C 1-3 straight or branched alkylene; R 1 is -H or R 2, R 3, and R 5 are independently -H, wherein, R 2 and R 3, together with the atoms to which they are attached, may form phenyl; R 4A is -H, -OH, =O, or wherein, R 3 and R 4A, together with the atoms to which they are attached, may form phenyl, and the phenyl may be substituted with a methoxy group; and R 4B is absent, or R 4B, together with the atoms to which R 4B is attached and R 4A, may form wherein the dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibitor-based compound is any one selected from the group consisting of sitagliptin, vildagliptin, saxagliptin, linagliptin, teneligliptin, alogliptin, gemigliptin, dutogliptin, berberine, lupeol, red alder, and dandelion coffee; wherein the sulfonyl urea-based compound is any one selected from the group consisting of carbutamide, acetohexamide, chlorpropamide, tolbutamide, glipizide, gliclazide, glibenclamide, glibornuride, gliquidone, glisoxepide, glyclopyramide, and glimepiride; wherein the thiazolidinedione-based compound is any one selected from the group consisting of rosiglitazone, pioglitazone, troglitazone, netoglitazone, rivoglitazone, ciglitazone, and rhodamine; and wherein the biguanide-based compound is any one selected from the group consisting of metformin, phenformin, buformin, proguanil, chlorproguanil, chlorhexidine, polyaminopropyl biguanide (PAPB), polihexanide, and alexidine. - - - is a single bond or double bond; A and E are independently C or N; n is an integer of 0-1; X is a single bond, or C 1-3 straight or branched alkylene; R 1 is -H or R 2, R 3, and R 5 are independently -H, wherein, R 2 and R 3, together with the atoms to which they are attached, may form phenyl; R 4A is -H, -OH, =O, or wherein, R 3 and R 4A, together with the atoms to which they are attached, may form phenyl, and the phenyl may be substituted with a methoxy group; and R 4B is absent, or R 4B, together with the atoms to which R 4B is attached and R 4A, may form wherein the dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibitor-based compound is any one selected from the group consisting of sitagliptin, vildagliptin, saxagliptin, linagliptin, teneligliptin, alogliptin, gemigliptin, dutogliptin, berberine, lupeol, red alder, and dandelion coffee; wherein the sulfonyl urea-based compound is any one selected from the group consisting of carbutamide, acetohexamide, chlorpropamide, tolbutamide, glipizide, gliclazide, glibenclamide, glibornuride, gliquidone, glisoxepide, glyclopyramide, and glimepiride; wherein the thiazolidinedione-based compound is any one selected from the group consisting of rosiglitazone, pioglitazone, troglitazone, netoglitazone, rivoglitazone, ciglitazone, and rhodamine; and wherein the biguanide-based compound is any one selected from the group consisting of metformin, phenformin, buformin, proguanil, chlorproguanil, chlorhexidine, polyaminopropyl biguanide (PAPB), polihexanide, and alexidine.