A method for active control of mechanical vibrations by implementation of a control law consisted of a central corrector and a Youla parameter for the attenuation of essentially mono-frequency mechanical vibratory perturbations created in a physical structure of a physical system by at least one rotary machine fixed by a support to said physical structure and rotating at a determinable speed of rotation, the frequency of the vibratory perturbation being linked to the speed of rotation of the rotary machine and varying as a function of the variations of said speed of rotation, at least one mechanical actuator being arranged between the rotary machine and the physical structure, as well as at least one vibration sensor producing signals y(t) or Y(t) according to a mono-variable or multi-variable case, respectively, the use of one sensor corresponding to a mono-variable case and the use of several sensors corresponding to a multi-variable case, wherein the actuator(s) can be in series, in the support, or in parallel with the support, the sensor(s) being connected to at least one calculator controlling the actuator(s), the calculator including correction calculation means producing control signals u(t) or U(t) according to a mono-variable or multi-variable case, respectively, for the actuator(s) as a function, on the one hand, of measurements of the sensor(s), and on the other hand, of a vibratory perturbation frequency parameter, the calculation means being configured according to a correction control law corresponding to a block-modeling of the system, said blocks being, on the one hand, those of the central corrector, and on the other hand, a Youla parameter block, the modeling being such that only the Youla parameter has coefficients that depend on the vibratory perturbation frequency in said correction control law, the central corrector having fixed coefficients, characterized in that the Youla parameter is in the form of an infinite impulse response filter, and during a preliminary design phase, are determined and calculated, on the one hand, the model parameters of the physical system part that includes the actuator(s), support(s) and sensor(s) by stimulation of the actuator(s) and measurements by the sensor(s), and on the other hand, the correction control law as a function of determined frequencies of vibratory perturbations, and at least the variable coefficients of the Youla parameters are stored in a memory of the calculator, preferably in a table, and during a use phase, in real time: - the frequency of the current vibratory perturbation is determined, - the correction control law is calculated, comprising the central corrector with the Youla parameter, with the calculator using as the Youla parameter the memorized coefficients of a determined perturbation frequency corresponding to the current perturbation frequency. - the frequency of the current vibratory perturbation is determined, - the correction control law is calculated, comprising the central corrector with the Youla parameter, with the calculator using as the Youla parameter the memorized coefficients of a determined perturbation frequency corresponding to the current perturbation frequency.