A device for measuring analytical reactions comprising a two dimensional array of elements, each element comprising a reactor component, a fluidic input component, and an illumination input component: (a) each reactor component comprising an array of optode elements, each optode element comprising: a nanoscale aperture within an aperture layer, the aperture forming a fluid receiving nanoscale well for receiving a fluid including fluorescent species; above the aperture layer a fluidic layer in fluidic contact with the nanoscale well; below the aperture layer a waveguide layer that provides illumination to the nanoscale well, the waveguide layer comprising an array of channel waveguides, each channel waveguide extending across a plurality of optode elements; below the waveguide layer a transmission layer that transmits light emitted from the fluorescent species in the nanoscale well to a detector layer; and below the transmission layer the detector layer comprising one or more detectors which receives and detects the emitted light from the nanoscale well and transmitted through the transmission layer, wherein the emitted light is transmitted to the detector without being transmitted through the air; (b) each fluidic input component connected to an edge of the reactor component, the fluidic input components each comprising a port on its top surface for introduction of fluids, and fluidic conduits fluidically connected to the port and connected to fluidic conduits in the reactor component; and (c) each illumination input component connected to an edge of the reactor component, the illumination input components each having an optical port on its top surface for introduction of illumination light, and waveguides connected to the optical port and connected to waveguides of the reactor component. (a) each reactor component comprising an array of optode elements, each optode element comprising: a nanoscale aperture within an aperture layer, the aperture forming a fluid receiving nanoscale well for receiving a fluid including fluorescent species; above the aperture layer a fluidic layer in fluidic contact with the nanoscale well; below the aperture layer a waveguide layer that provides illumination to the nanoscale well, the waveguide layer comprising an array of channel waveguides, each channel waveguide extending across a plurality of optode elements; below the waveguide layer a transmission layer that transmits light emitted from the fluorescent species in the nanoscale well to a detector layer; and below the transmission layer the detector layer comprising one or more detectors which receives and detects the emitted light from the nanoscale well and transmitted through the transmission layer, wherein the emitted light is transmitted to the detector without being transmitted through the air; a nanoscale aperture within an aperture layer, the aperture forming a fluid receiving nanoscale well for receiving a fluid including fluorescent species; above the aperture layer a fluidic layer in fluidic contact with the nanoscale well; below the aperture layer a waveguide layer that provides illumination to the nanoscale well, the waveguide layer comprising an array of channel waveguides, each channel waveguide extending across a plurality of optode elements; below the waveguide layer a transmission layer that transmits light emitted from the fluorescent species in the nanoscale well to a detector layer; and below the transmission layer the detector layer comprising one or more detectors which receives and detects the emitted light from the nanoscale well and transmitted through the transmission layer, wherein the emitted light is transmitted to the detector without being transmitted through the air; (b) each fluidic input component connected to an edge of the reactor component, the fluidic input components each comprising a port on its top surface for introduction of fluids, and fluidic conduits fluidically connected to the port and connected to fluidic conduits in the reactor component; and (c) each illumination input component connected to an edge of the reactor component, the illumination input components each having an optical port on its top surface for introduction of illumination light, and waveguides connected to the optical port and connected to waveguides of the reactor component.