A data access method performed by a target, the method comprising: • receiving, from an initiator, a first key-value non-volatile memory express (NVMe) command, wherein the first key-value command carries: ∘ a first operation manner indicator and a first operation object type indicator, wherein an operation object type indicated by the first operation object type indicator comprises a value, and ∘ either N keys, or N key pointers, or pointers that point to N key pointers; • obtaining the N keys corresponding to the first key-value command, wherein N is an integer greater than or equal to 1 (S 202), wherein the obtaining comprises: ∘ when the first key-value command carries the pointers that point to the N key pointers: obtaining, by parsing the first key-value command, the N key pointers from buffers of the initiator or from in-capsule data of the first key-value command based on the pointers that point to the N key pointers and that are carried in the first key-value command, and obtaining the N keys corresponding to the first key-value command from the buffers of the initiator and to which the N key pointers point; ∘ when the first key-value command carries the N key pointers: obtaining, by parsing the first key-value command, the N key pointers carried in the first key-value command, and obtaining the N keys corresponding to the first key-value command from the buffers of the initiator and to which the N key pointers point; ∘ when the first key-value command carries the N keys: obtaining, by parsing the first key-value command, the N keys carried in the first key-value command; • performing, on a value corresponding to each of the N keys, an operation indicated by the first operation manner indicator (S 203). • receiving, from an initiator, a first key-value non-volatile memory express (NVMe) command, wherein the first key-value command carries: ∘ a first operation manner indicator and a first operation object type indicator, wherein an operation object type indicated by the first operation object type indicator comprises a value, and ∘ either N keys, or N key pointers, or pointers that point to N key pointers; ∘ a first operation manner indicator and a first operation object type indicator, wherein an operation object type indicated by the first operation object type indicator comprises a value, and ∘ either N keys, or N key pointers, or pointers that point to N key pointers; • obtaining the N keys corresponding to the first key-value command, wherein N is an integer greater than or equal to 1 (S 202), wherein the obtaining comprises: ∘ when the first key-value command carries the pointers that point to the N key pointers: obtaining, by parsing the first key-value command, the N key pointers from buffers of the initiator or from in-capsule data of the first key-value command based on the pointers that point to the N key pointers and that are carried in the first key-value command, and obtaining the N keys corresponding to the first key-value command from the buffers of the initiator and to which the N key pointers point; ∘ when the first key-value command carries the N key pointers: obtaining, by parsing the first key-value command, the N key pointers carried in the first key-value command, and obtaining the N keys corresponding to the first key-value command from the buffers of the initiator and to which the N key pointers point; ∘ when the first key-value command carries the N keys: obtaining, by parsing the first key-value command, the N keys carried in the first key-value command; ∘ when the first key-value command carries the pointers that point to the N key pointers: obtaining, by parsing the first key-value command, the N key pointers from buffers of the initiator or from in-capsule data of the first key-value command based on the pointers that point to the N key pointers and that are carried in the first key-value command, and obtaining the N keys corresponding to the first key-value command from the buffers of the initiator and to which the N key pointers point; ∘ when the first key-value command carries the N key pointers: obtaining, by parsing the first key-value command, the N key pointers carried in the first key-value command, and obtaining the N keys corresponding to the first key-value command from the buffers of the initiator and to which the N key pointers point; ∘ when the first key-value command carries the N keys: obtaining, by parsing the first key-value command, the N keys carried in the first key-value command; • performing, on a value corresponding to each of the N keys, an operation indicated by the first operation manner indicator (S 203).