A system for processing images, comprising at least one video processing device, wherein during operation, the at least one video processing device is configured to: obtain a first image including a plurality of reference pixels, wherein the plurality of reference pixels are located along at least one brightness direction; for each of the plurality of reference pixels, obtain a reference brightness value; identify a target brightness direction from the at least one brightness direction; determine a brightness enhancement multiplier for each of the plurality of reference pixels, based on the plurality of reference brightness values and locations of the plurality of reference pixels along the target brightness direction of the first image (S405, S406), by a process including: determining, from the plurality of reference pixels, a first reference pixel with a maximum reference brightness value, a second reference pixel with a minimum reference brightness value, and a third reference pixel with a third brightness value; and determining a brightness enhancement multiplier for the third pixel based on the maximum reference brightness value, the minimum reference brightness value, the third brightness value, a distance between the first reference pixel and the second reference pixel along the target brightness direction, and a distance between the first reference pixel and the third reference pixel along the target brightness direction; and modify, by the at least one video processing device, brightness of the first image at least based on the brightness enhancement multipliers. obtain a first image including a plurality of reference pixels, wherein the plurality of reference pixels are located along at least one brightness direction; for each of the plurality of reference pixels, obtain a reference brightness value; identify a target brightness direction from the at least one brightness direction; determine a brightness enhancement multiplier for each of the plurality of reference pixels, based on the plurality of reference brightness values and locations of the plurality of reference pixels along the target brightness direction of the first image (S405, S406), by a process including: determining, from the plurality of reference pixels, a first reference pixel with a maximum reference brightness value, a second reference pixel with a minimum reference brightness value, and a third reference pixel with a third brightness value; and determining a brightness enhancement multiplier for the third pixel based on the maximum reference brightness value, the minimum reference brightness value, the third brightness value, a distance between the first reference pixel and the second reference pixel along the target brightness direction, and a distance between the first reference pixel and the third reference pixel along the target brightness direction; and determining, from the plurality of reference pixels, a first reference pixel with a maximum reference brightness value, a second reference pixel with a minimum reference brightness value, and a third reference pixel with a third brightness value; and determining a brightness enhancement multiplier for the third pixel based on the maximum reference brightness value, the minimum reference brightness value, the third brightness value, a distance between the first reference pixel and the second reference pixel along the target brightness direction, and a distance between the first reference pixel and the third reference pixel along the target brightness direction; and modify, by the at least one video processing device, brightness of the first image at least based on the brightness enhancement multipliers.