System (500, 600) for automatic coupling and release of at least a first vehicle having a cushioning system and of a second vehicle travelling on the railway network comprising: - at least a first hooking group (510, 610) of the first vehicle, comprising an automatic head comprising a first and a second terminal element configured to be coupled to each other with complementary interlocking, each constituted by a frontal structure (518, 618) provided with a protrusion (525a, 625a), projecting horizontally towards the outside of the first hooking group (510, 610) and with a recess (526b, 626b) projecting horizontally towards the inside of the first hooking group; a retractable screw body (523, 623); and a horizontal shaft (542, 642) coupled to the screw body (523, 623) and operable by means of an actuator (541, 643) for the advancement and retraction of the screw body (523, 623); - at least a second hooking group of the second vehicle, comprising an automatic head comprising a first and a second terminal element configured to be coupled to each other with complementary interlocking constituted by a frontal structure provided with a protrusion, projecting horizontally towards the interior of the second hooking group, and a recess projecting horizontally towards the outside of the second hooking group, the protrusion and the recess having sections such as to be complementary to the recess (526b, 626b) and the protrusion (526a, 626a) of the first hooking group; characterized in that: - the frontal structure (518, 618) of the first hooking group comprises, in a central region comprised between the first protrusion (525a, 625a) and the second protrusion (525b, 625b), the retractable screw body (523, 623); - the first hooking group (510, 610) comprises a tubular cavity (522, 622) configured to house the screw body (523, 623) in retraction; and - the second hooking group comprises a thread configured to screw the screw body (523, 623) in advance. - at least a first hooking group (510, 610) of the first vehicle, comprising an automatic head comprising a first and a second terminal element configured to be coupled to each other with complementary interlocking, each constituted by a frontal structure (518, 618) provided with a protrusion (525a, 625a), projecting horizontally towards the outside of the first hooking group (510, 610) and with a recess (526b, 626b) projecting horizontally towards the inside of the first hooking group; a retractable screw body (523, 623); and a horizontal shaft (542, 642) coupled to the screw body (523, 623) and operable by means of an actuator (541, 643) for the advancement and retraction of the screw body (523, 623); - at least a second hooking group of the second vehicle, comprising an automatic head comprising a first and a second terminal element configured to be coupled to each other with complementary interlocking constituted by a frontal structure provided with a protrusion, projecting horizontally towards the interior of the second hooking group, and a recess projecting horizontally towards the outside of the second hooking group, the protrusion and the recess having sections such as to be complementary to the recess (526b, 626b) and the protrusion (526a, 626a) of the first hooking group; - the frontal structure (518, 618) of the first hooking group comprises, in a central region comprised between the first protrusion (525a, 625a) and the second protrusion (525b, 625b), the retractable screw body (523, 623); - the first hooking group (510, 610) comprises a tubular cavity (522, 622) configured to house the screw body (523, 623) in retraction; and - the second hooking group comprises a thread configured to screw the screw body (523, 623) in advance.