An inflation and deflation pressure regulation system applicable to an air mattress with at least two air arrays (A, B), wherein the inflation and deflation pressure regulation system comprises: an inflation and deflation device for inflating or deflating the air mattress; a pressure detection unit for continuously detecting an instantaneous pressure value of the air mattress; and a control unit determining whether the instantaneous pressure value detected by the pressure detection unit when the air mattress is in a weight-bearing state has reached a preset pressure value before a preset time has elapsed; if so, the control unit using a first inflation and deflation strategy to control the inflation and deflation device to inflate or deflate the air mattress; if not, the control unit using a second inflation and deflation strategy to control the inflation and deflation device to inflate or deflate the air mattress; characterized in that when the first inflation and deflation strategy is used, the air mattress is inflated or deflated according to the difference between the instantaneous pressure value and a target pressure value corresponding to one of a plurality of different time intervals related to the time required to reach the preset pressure; and and in that when the second inflation and deflation strategy is used, the air mattress is inflated or deflated according to the difference between the instantaneous pressure value and a target pressure value corresponding to one of a plurality of different compared pressure differences related to a pressure difference between a reference pressure value and the instantaneous pressure value obtained when the preset time has elapsed. an inflation and deflation device for inflating or deflating the air mattress; a pressure detection unit for continuously detecting an instantaneous pressure value of the air mattress; and a control unit determining whether the instantaneous pressure value detected by the pressure detection unit when the air mattress is in a weight-bearing state has reached a preset pressure value before a preset time has elapsed; if so, the control unit using a first inflation and deflation strategy to control the inflation and deflation device to inflate or deflate the air mattress; if not, the control unit using a second inflation and deflation strategy to control the inflation and deflation device to inflate or deflate the air mattress; characterized in that when the first inflation and deflation strategy is used, the air mattress is inflated or deflated according to the difference between the instantaneous pressure value and a target pressure value corresponding to one of a plurality of different time intervals related to the time required to reach the preset pressure; and and in that when the second inflation and deflation strategy is used, the air mattress is inflated or deflated according to the difference between the instantaneous pressure value and a target pressure value corresponding to one of a plurality of different compared pressure differences related to a pressure difference between a reference pressure value and the instantaneous pressure value obtained when the preset time has elapsed.