Method to detect states of anemia present in a blood sample, characterized in that it provides the following steps: i) providing a plurality of blood samples; ii) performing a hemochrome examination of said plurality of blood samples to measure hematocrit values of the blood samples; iii) constructing a correspondence curve described by an equation, connecting hematocrit values of the hemochrome examination of step ii) with values of absorbance (A 0) measured for each of said blood samples, wherein said values of absorbance (A 0) are obtained by: iii.a) disposing each of said blood samples in a containing seating associated with an optical detection system comprising a photometer with at least a light emitter and a mating light receiver, iii.b) causing the break-up of the rouleaux formed by means of an interruption in the state of rest of the each of the blood samples, measuring the optical absorbance, or quantity of light absorbed, from the blood sample during steps iii.a) and iii.b), iii.c) constructing an absorbance curve so as to obtain a syllectogram and measuring the value of absorbance (A 0) in correspondence with the temporal instant of maximum break-up of said rouleaux; iv) obtaining a correlation between a value of absorbance (A 0) measured from a syllectogram performed on a blood sample of a patient and a possible presence of a state of anemia in the patient from which the blood sample has been taken. i) providing a plurality of blood samples; ii) performing a hemochrome examination of said plurality of blood samples to measure hematocrit values of the blood samples; iii) constructing a correspondence curve described by an equation, connecting hematocrit values of the hemochrome examination of step ii) with values of absorbance (A 0) measured for each of said blood samples, wherein said values of absorbance (A 0) are obtained by: iii.a) disposing each of said blood samples in a containing seating associated with an optical detection system comprising a photometer with at least a light emitter and a mating light receiver, iii.b) causing the break-up of the rouleaux formed by means of an interruption in the state of rest of the each of the blood samples, measuring the optical absorbance, or quantity of light absorbed, from the blood sample during steps iii.a) and iii.b), iii.c) constructing an absorbance curve so as to obtain a syllectogram and measuring the value of absorbance (A 0) in correspondence with the temporal instant of maximum break-up of said rouleaux; iii.a) disposing each of said blood samples in a containing seating associated with an optical detection system comprising a photometer with at least a light emitter and a mating light receiver, iii.b) causing the break-up of the rouleaux formed by means of an interruption in the state of rest of the each of the blood samples, measuring the optical absorbance, or quantity of light absorbed, from the blood sample during steps iii.a) and iii.b), iii.c) constructing an absorbance curve so as to obtain a syllectogram and measuring the value of absorbance (A 0) in correspondence with the temporal instant of maximum break-up of said rouleaux; iv) obtaining a correlation between a value of absorbance (A 0) measured from a syllectogram performed on a blood sample of a patient and a possible presence of a state of anemia in the patient from which the blood sample has been taken.