A high-voltage direct current circuit breaker, the breaker comprising: n in number circuit breaker modules connected in series; one energy-absorbing and voltage-limiting module connected in parallel to the n in number circuit breaker modules; and a trigger module; wherein: the n in number circuit breaker modules each comprise a mechanical switch and a commutation branch circuit which are connected in parallel; each commutation branch circuit comprises a charging commutation module and a commutation capacitor which are connected in series; the charging commutation module is configured to charge up the commutation capacitor and produce high-frequency reverse current to cut off the mechanical switch; the one energy-absorbing and voltage-limiting module is configured to absorb energy stored in inductive elements of power systems after a fault current is cut off, so as to limit voltage and protect the mechanical switches; the trigger module is connected to n in number charging commutation modules, and is configured to trigger and turn on the n in number charging commutation modules after faults; and n is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1; characterized in that: the charging commutation module comprises a coupling reactor, a coupling capacitor C2 which is connected in series to one end of a primary side of the coupling reactor, and a follow current circuit which is connected in parallel to the coupling capacitor C2; and a secondary side of the coupling reactor is connected in series to the commutation capacitor, and the other end of the primary side of the coupling reactor is connected in series to the trigger module. n in number circuit breaker modules connected in series; one energy-absorbing and voltage-limiting module connected in parallel to the n in number circuit breaker modules; and a trigger module; the n in number circuit breaker modules each comprise a mechanical switch and a commutation branch circuit which are connected in parallel; each commutation branch circuit comprises a charging commutation module and a commutation capacitor which are connected in series; the charging commutation module is configured to charge up the commutation capacitor and produce high-frequency reverse current to cut off the mechanical switch; the one energy-absorbing and voltage-limiting module is configured to absorb energy stored in inductive elements of power systems after a fault current is cut off, so as to limit voltage and protect the mechanical switches; the trigger module is connected to n in number charging commutation modules, and is configured to trigger and turn on the n in number charging commutation modules after faults; and n is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1; the charging commutation module comprises a coupling reactor, a coupling capacitor C2 which is connected in series to one end of a primary side of the coupling reactor, and a follow current circuit which is connected in parallel to the coupling capacitor C2; and a secondary side of the coupling reactor is connected in series to the commutation capacitor, and the other end of the primary side of the coupling reactor is connected in series to the trigger module.