Method for the non-destructive mapping of a component comprising an elongated microstructure, to determine an elongation direction of the elongated microstructure at at least one point of interest of the component, characterised in that it comprises at least two successive intensity measurement steps (104, 104a, 104b) comprising the following steps: - a sub-step of rotating a linear transducer in a plurality of angular positions each defining an angle of rotation about an axis (26, 26a, 26b) of rotation passing through said at least one point of interest, said linear transducer extending along a main plane and comprising a plurality of transducer elements aligned along a main direction of said linear transducer, - a sub-step of emitting a plurality of elementary ultrasonic beams at each angular position by each of said plurality of transducer elements in the direction of said point of interest, - a sub-step of measuring by each of said plurality of transducer elements of the intensity at each angular position of a plurality of backscattered signals resulting from the backscattering of the elementary ultrasonic beams by said elongated microstructure, a first intensity measurement step of making it possible to obtain a first series of intensities measured along a first axis of rotation, and a second intensity measurement step making it possible to obtain a second series of intensities measured along a second axis of rotation different from the first axis of rotation, and in that the method comprises a step of combining the first series of measured intensities and the second series of measured intensities so as to determine the elongation direction of the microstructure at said at least one point of interest and a mapping step attributing at each point, the elongation direction determined at said point. - a sub-step of rotating a linear transducer in a plurality of angular positions each defining an angle of rotation about an axis (26, 26a, 26b) of rotation passing through said at least one point of interest, said linear transducer extending along a main plane and comprising a plurality of transducer elements aligned along a main direction of said linear transducer, - a sub-step of emitting a plurality of elementary ultrasonic beams at each angular position by each of said plurality of transducer elements in the direction of said point of interest, - a sub-step of measuring by each of said plurality of transducer elements of the intensity at each angular position of a plurality of backscattered signals resulting from the backscattering of the elementary ultrasonic beams by said elongated microstructure, a first intensity measurement step of making it possible to obtain a first series of intensities measured along a first axis of rotation, and a second intensity measurement step making it possible to obtain a second series of intensities measured along a second axis of rotation different from the first axis of rotation, and in that the method comprises a step of combining the first series of measured intensities and the second series of measured intensities so as to determine the elongation direction of the microstructure at said at least one point of interest and a mapping step attributing at each point, the elongation direction determined at said point. a first intensity measurement step of making it possible to obtain a first series of intensities measured along a first axis of rotation, and a second intensity measurement step making it possible to obtain a second series of intensities measured along a second axis of rotation different from the first axis of rotation, and in that the method comprises a step of combining the first series of measured intensities and the second series of measured intensities so as to determine the elongation direction of the microstructure at said at least one point of interest and a mapping step attributing at each point, the elongation direction determined at said point.