A distributed base station lightning protection system, comprising: a radio remote unit RRU (10; 20; 30), which comprises an isolation power supply (201; 301) and a working circuit (12; 202; 302), wherein the isolation power supply (201; 301) is configured to receive a power supply from a power supply system and convert the power supply into a working power supply available to the working circuit (12; 202; 302); and a shielded cable (21; 31), which comprises inner conductors (211; 311) and a shield layer (212; 312), wherein the isolation power supply (201; 301) comprises a primary circuit (101; 2011; 3011) and a secondary circuit (102; 2012; 3012), the primary circuit (101; 2011; 3011) is connected to the inner conductors (211; 311) in the shielded cable (21; 31) and is configured to receive the power supply from the power supply system through the inner conductors (211; 311) in the shielded cable (21; 31), and the secondary circuit (102; 2012; 3012) collaborates with the primary circuit (101; 2011; 3011) to convert the power supply, and outputs the working power supply; the shield layer (212; 312) located on the RRU (10; 20; 30) side of the shielded cable (21; 31) and the shield layer (212; 312) located on the power supply system side of the shielded cable (21; 31) are grounded respectively; a surge over-voltage withstand capability between the primary circuit (101; 2011; 3011) and the earth is not less than a lightning over-voltage; a surge over-voltage withstand capability between each inner conductor (211; 311) in the shielded cable (21; 31) and the shield layer (212; 312) of the shielded cable (21; 31) is not less than the lightning over-voltage; and the lightning over-voltage derives from a product of a shield layer (212; 312) lightning current that flows through the shield layer (212; 312) of the shielded cable (21; 31) and a resistance of the shield layer (212; 312) of the shielded cable (21; 31), and the shield layer (212; 312) lightning current is determined according to a lightning current compliant with a specific lightning protection level. a radio remote unit RRU (10; 20; 30), which comprises an isolation power supply (201; 301) and a working circuit (12; 202; 302), wherein the isolation power supply (201; 301) is configured to receive a power supply from a power supply system and convert the power supply into a working power supply available to the working circuit (12; 202; 302); and a shielded cable (21; 31), which comprises inner conductors (211; 311) and a shield layer (212; 312), wherein the isolation power supply (201; 301) comprises a primary circuit (101; 2011; 3011) and a secondary circuit (102; 2012; 3012), the primary circuit (101; 2011; 3011) is connected to the inner conductors (211; 311) in the shielded cable (21; 31) and is configured to receive the power supply from the power supply system through the inner conductors (211; 311) in the shielded cable (21; 31), and the secondary circuit (102; 2012; 3012) collaborates with the primary circuit (101; 2011; 3011) to convert the power supply, and outputs the working power supply; the shield layer (212; 312) located on the RRU (10; 20; 30) side of the shielded cable (21; 31) and the shield layer (212; 312) located on the power supply system side of the shielded cable (21; 31) are grounded respectively; a surge over-voltage withstand capability between the primary circuit (101; 2011; 3011) and the earth is not less than a lightning over-voltage; a surge over-voltage withstand capability between each inner conductor (211; 311) in the shielded cable (21; 31) and the shield layer (212; 312) of the shielded cable (21; 31) is not less than the lightning over-voltage; and the lightning over-voltage derives from a product of a shield layer (212; 312) lightning current that flows through the shield layer (212; 312) of the shielded cable (21; 31) and a resistance of the shield layer (212; 312) of the shielded cable (21; 31), and the shield layer (212; 312) lightning current is determined according to a lightning current compliant with a specific lightning protection level.