An apparatus for transferring charge, comprising: an input charge holding device (31, 51, 61, 71, 81, 91, 101, 111, 141); an output charge holding device (33, 53, 63, 73, 83, 93, 103, 113, 143); a charge transfer device (32, 52, 62, 72,82, 92, 102, 112, 142); and an amplifier (36, 56/58, 78/79/76, 86, 96, 108/106, 116, 146); further characterized In that the Input charge holding device is for holding an Input charge, the Input charge holding device having an input terminal and a separate output terminal, and the input charge holding device Is disposed In series with an input charge source (V x), and such that the input charge source is coupled to the input terminal directly but is not directly coupled to the output terminal; the output charge holding device is for holding an output charge, the output charge holding device having an Input terminal and an output terminal; the charge transfer device has an Input terminal, an output terminal, and a control terminal, the input terminal coupled to receive charge from the output terminal of the input charge holding device and the Input terminal not being directly coupled to the input charge source, and the output terminal coupled to provide charge to the input terminal of the output charge holding device under control of a charge transfer control signal applied to the control terminal; and the amplifier has a first input terminal coupled to the output terminal of the Input charge holding device but not coupled to the input terminal of the Input charge holding device, has a second Input terminal coupled to a reference voltage (V B) and has an output terminal coupled to the control terminal of the charge transfer device, for providing the charge transfer control signal to Increase a rate at which a voltage at the input terminal of the charge transfer device settles to the reference voltage. an input charge holding device (31, 51, 61, 71, 81, 91, 101, 111, 141); an output charge holding device (33, 53, 63, 73, 83, 93, 103, 113, 143); a charge transfer device (32, 52, 62, 72,82, 92, 102, 112, 142); and an amplifier (36, 56/58, 78/79/76, 86, 96, 108/106, 116, 146); further characterized In that the Input charge holding device is for holding an Input charge, the Input charge holding device having an input terminal and a separate output terminal, and the input charge holding device Is disposed In series with an input charge source (V x), and such that the input charge source is coupled to the input terminal directly but is not directly coupled to the output terminal; the output charge holding device is for holding an output charge, the output charge holding device having an Input terminal and an output terminal; the charge transfer device has an Input terminal, an output terminal, and a control terminal, the input terminal coupled to receive charge from the output terminal of the input charge holding device and the Input terminal not being directly coupled to the input charge source, and the output terminal coupled to provide charge to the input terminal of the output charge holding device under control of a charge transfer control signal applied to the control terminal; and the amplifier has a first input terminal coupled to the output terminal of the Input charge holding device but not coupled to the input terminal of the Input charge holding device, has a second Input terminal coupled to a reference voltage (V B) and has an output terminal coupled to the control terminal of the charge transfer device, for providing the charge transfer control signal to Increase a rate at which a voltage at the input terminal of the charge transfer device settles to the reference voltage.