An aluminum brazing sheet having a multilayer structure of two or more layers of at least a core material and a brazing material, wherein the core material contains, by mass%, Si: 0.05% to 1.2%, Mg: 0.01% to 2.0%, one or two or more of Mn: 0.1% to 2.5%, Cu: 0.01% to 2.5%, Fe: 0.05% to 1.5%, Zr: 0.01% to 0.3%, Ti: 0.01% to 0.3%, Cr: 0.01% to 0.5%, Bi: 0.005% to 1.5%, and Zn: 0.1% to 9.0%, and a remainder consisting of Al and inevitable impurities, the Al-Si-Mg-Bi-based brazing material contains, by mass%: 0.01% to 2.0% of Mg; 1.5% to 14.0% of Si; 0.005% to 1.5% of Bi; optionally 0.1% to 9.0% of Zn; optionally 2.0% or less of In, Sn, and Mn; optionally 1.0% or less of Fe, Ni, Ce, and Se; optionally 0.3% or less of Be, Na, Sb, Ti, Zr, P, S, K, and Rb; and a remainder consisting of Al and inevitable impurities, in the Al-Si-Mg-Bi-based brazing material, a content of Ca as an inevitable impurity is 100 ppm or less in terms of mass ppm. the Al-Si-Mg-Bi-based brazing material is clad on one surface or both surfaces of the core material to be located at an outermost surface of the aluminum brazing sheet, characterized in that in the Al-Si-Mg-Bi based brazing material, there are more than 10 Mg-Bi-based compounds having a diameter of 0.01 μm or more and less than 5.0 μm in terms of equivalent circle diameter per 10,000-μm 2 visual field and there are less than 2 Mg-Bi-based compounds having a diameter of 5.0 μm or more per 10,000-μm 2 visual field when observed in a surface layer plane direction, in the brazing material, there are less than 5 Bi particles having a diameter of 5.0 μm or more in terms of equivalent circle diameter per 10,000-μm 2 visual field when observed in the surface layer plane direction, and a number and the diameter of the Mg-Bi-based compound particles, and a number and the diameter of the Bi particles are measured as described in the description. the core material contains, by mass%, Si: 0.05% to 1.2%, Mg: 0.01% to 2.0%, one or two or more of Mn: 0.1% to 2.5%, Cu: 0.01% to 2.5%, Fe: 0.05% to 1.5%, Zr: 0.01% to 0.3%, Ti: 0.01% to 0.3%, Cr: 0.01% to 0.5%, Bi: 0.005% to 1.5%, and Zn: 0.1% to 9.0%, and a remainder consisting of Al and inevitable impurities, the Al-Si-Mg-Bi-based brazing material contains, by mass%: 0.01% to 2.0% of Mg; 1.5% to 14.0% of Si; 0.005% to 1.5% of Bi; optionally 0.1% to 9.0% of Zn; optionally 2.0% or less of In, Sn, and Mn; optionally 1.0% or less of Fe, Ni, Ce, and Se; optionally 0.3% or less of Be, Na, Sb, Ti, Zr, P, S, K, and Rb; and a remainder consisting of Al and inevitable impurities, 0.01% to 2.0% of Mg; 1.5% to 14.0% of Si; 0.005% to 1.5% of Bi; optionally 0.1% to 9.0% of Zn; optionally 2.0% or less of In, Sn, and Mn; optionally 1.0% or less of Fe, Ni, Ce, and Se; optionally 0.3% or less of Be, Na, Sb, Ti, Zr, P, S, K, and Rb; and a remainder consisting of Al and inevitable impurities, in the Al-Si-Mg-Bi-based brazing material, a content of Ca as an inevitable impurity is 100 ppm or less in terms of mass ppm. the Al-Si-Mg-Bi-based brazing material is clad on one surface or both surfaces of the core material to be located at an outermost surface of the aluminum brazing sheet, characterized in that in the Al-Si-Mg-Bi based brazing material, there are more than 10 Mg-Bi-based compounds having a diameter of 0.01 μm or more and less than 5.0 μm in terms of equivalent circle diameter per 10,000-μm 2 visual field and there are less than 2 Mg-Bi-based compounds having a diameter of 5.0 μm or more per 10,000-μm 2 visual field when observed in a surface layer plane direction, in the brazing material, there are less than 5 Bi particles having a diameter of 5.0 μm or more in terms of equivalent circle diameter per 10,000-μm 2 visual field when observed in the surface layer plane direction, and a number and the diameter of the Mg-Bi-based compound particles, and a number and the diameter of the Bi particles are measured as described in the description.