A housing device having a press-type locking and release structure for being assembled to a casing with two fastening holes, comprising: a housing, the housing including two lateral walls, a breach formed at each of the two lateral walls, an elongated groove formed along each of the two lateral walls, and at least one pivot hole formed formed on two opposite sides of the housing in the vicinity of the two lateral walls, wherein each of the pivot holes communicates with a respective corresponding one of the elongated grooves; a locking and release member, the locking and release member including two arms disposed and guided in the two elongated grooves, a resilient element disposed at one end of each of the arms, wherein one end of each resilient element includes a positioning end, the housing includes a joining member corresponding to each of the positioning ends, and each of the positioning ends is engaged with each of the joining members, a connection element connected to each of the arms, a fastening element connected to each of the connection elements, and a pivot protruding from one side of each of the fastening elements, wherein the pivot is pivotally connected to the pivot hole; wherein each of the fastening elements further includes a fastening plate and a hook at one end of the fastening plate, the pivot protrudes from at least one side of the fastening plate, and each of the hooks is disposed corresponding to each of the breach such that each of the hooks can engage a fastening hole of the casing; and at least one control element, the at least one control element being connected to the two arms, wherein when the control element is moved to a releasing position and the at least one control element pushes the two arms to move with respect to the two elongated grooves, each of the arms drives each of the connection elements to push and move one end of each of the fastening elements, and by means of a lever principle the hook at the other end of each of the fastening elements is moved away from the breach and wherein when the control element returns to the locking position, the resilient element elastically restore the arms and the hooks return to the breach. a housing, the housing including two lateral walls, a breach formed at each of the two lateral walls, an elongated groove formed along each of the two lateral walls, and at least one pivot hole formed formed on two opposite sides of the housing in the vicinity of the two lateral walls, wherein each of the pivot holes communicates with a respective corresponding one of the elongated grooves; a locking and release member, the locking and release member including two arms disposed and guided in the two elongated grooves, a resilient element disposed at one end of each of the arms, wherein one end of each resilient element includes a positioning end, the housing includes a joining member corresponding to each of the positioning ends, and each of the positioning ends is engaged with each of the joining members, a connection element connected to each of the arms, a fastening element connected to each of the connection elements, and a pivot protruding from one side of each of the fastening elements, wherein the pivot is pivotally connected to the pivot hole; wherein each of the fastening elements further includes a fastening plate and a hook at one end of the fastening plate, the pivot protrudes from at least one side of the fastening plate, and each of the hooks is disposed corresponding to each of the breach such that each of the hooks can engage a fastening hole of the casing; and at least one control element, the at least one control element being connected to the two arms, wherein when the control element is moved to a releasing position and the at least one control element pushes the two arms to move with respect to the two elongated grooves, each of the arms drives each of the connection elements to push and move one end of each of the fastening elements, and by means of a lever principle the hook at the other end of each of the fastening elements is moved away from the breach and wherein when the control element returns to the locking position, the resilient element elastically restore the arms and the hooks return to the breach.