An abrasive belt grinding center applicable to grinding and polishing of a whole profile of a blisk, comprising a bed, wherein an index plate holder is arranged at a middle of an upper surface of the bed, and a numerical control index plate is mounted at a top end of the index plate holder, and a grinding robot is provided at a rear of the numerical control index plate; a Y-axis ram is provided at each of a left side and a right side of the index plate holder, a Y-axis screw rod is rotatably supported on each of the Y-axis ram, and the Y-axis screw rod at the left side and the Y-axis screw rod at the right side are splayed apart; one end of each of the Y-axis screw rods is coaxially connected to a respective Y-axis motor through a respective coupler, and a Y-axis screw rod nut seat threadedly mated with each of the Y-axis screw rods is fixed to a bottom side of a respective Y-axis sliding saddle; a X-axis screw rod is rotatably supported on each of the Y-axis sliding saddles, and is perpendicular to the respective Y-axis screw rod, one end of each of the X-axis screw rods is connected to a respective X-axis motor through a respective coupler, and a X-axis screw rod nut seat threadedly mated with each of the X-axis screw rods is fixed to a bottom side of a respective X-axis sliding saddle; a C-axis arc-shaped rack is mounted on an upper surface of each of the X-axis sliding saddles, a center of each C-axis arc-shaped rack is close to an axis of the numerical control index plate, a C-axis straight tooth cylindrical gear engaged with the respective C-axis arc-shaped rack is mounted on an output shaft of a respective C-axis driving right-angle reduction motor, and each C-axis driving right-angle reduction motor is mounted on an upper surface of a respective C-axis sliding saddle; a pillar mounting support is provided on the upper surface of each of the C-axis sliding saddles, and a pillar is fixedly mounted on an upper surface of each pillar mounting support, a Z-axis screw rod is rotatably supported on a lateral side of each pillar, an upper end of each of the Z-axis screw rods is coaxially connected to a respective Z-axis motor through a respective coupler, each Z-axis motor is fixed to a top end of the respective pillar, and a Z-axis screw rod nut seat threadedly mated with each of the Z-axis screw rods is fixed to a back side of a respective Z-axis sliding saddle; a B-axis arc-shaped rack is mounted on a front side of each of the Z-axis sliding saddles, a center of each of the B-axis arc-shaped racks coincides with a center of a contact wheel of a respective grinding head mechanism, and a B-axis straight tooth cylindrical gear engaged with the respective B-axis arc-shaped rack is mounted on an output shaft of a respective B-axis driving right-angle reduction motor, and each B-axis driving right-angle reduction motor is mounted on a front side of a respective B-axis sliding saddle; and a housing is provided on the front side of each of the B-axis sliding saddles, and a drum is mounted in a mounting hole of each housing by a bearing; the respective grinding head mechanism is mounted on each drum, and the contact wheel of each grinding head mechanism is directed toward the axis of the numerical control index plate, a synchronous driven pulley is coaxially fixed to each drum and is connected to a respective synchronous driving pulley by a respective synchronous belt, each synchronous driving pulley is sleeved on a respective output shaft of a respective grinding head rotation driving motor, and each grinding head rotation driving motor is mounted on the respective B-axis sliding saddle.