A data processing system, for collecting data of every station among a plurality of stations in a dispatcher area and implementing centralized processing of the collected data, the system comprising: a plurality of data collection units, each data collection unit being positioned at a corresponding station among the plurality of stations, and being configured to collect data associated with the corresponding station, each data collection unit being capable of establishing a communication link with a CTC device at the station in order to acquire data recorded by the CTC device; a data storage unit configured to acquire the collected data from each of the data collection units among the plurality of data collection units, implement grouped storage of the collected data on the basis of an identifier of each data collection unit, and establish a category index for the collected data on the basis of a type of the collected data, wherein the type of the collected data is determined by a type of a terminal with which the collected data are associated, or is determined by a type of a terminal from which the collected data are sourced; and an interface unit configured to receive a query request of a user terminal, implement data search on the basis of a query type and keywords to which the query request relates, and send query results acquired through data search to the user terminal; characterized in that the system is installed on two servers, the two servers are set as a master running server and a slave running server; the system runs normally on the master running server; when the master running server fails, the system continues to run after the slave running server is upgraded as the master running server. a plurality of data collection units, each data collection unit being positioned at a corresponding station among the plurality of stations, and being configured to collect data associated with the corresponding station, each data collection unit being capable of establishing a communication link with a CTC device at the station in order to acquire data recorded by the CTC device; a data storage unit configured to acquire the collected data from each of the data collection units among the plurality of data collection units, implement grouped storage of the collected data on the basis of an identifier of each data collection unit, and establish a category index for the collected data on the basis of a type of the collected data, wherein the type of the collected data is determined by a type of a terminal with which the collected data are associated, or is determined by a type of a terminal from which the collected data are sourced; and an interface unit configured to receive a query request of a user terminal, implement data search on the basis of a query type and keywords to which the query request relates, and send query results acquired through data search to the user terminal; characterized in that the system is installed on two servers, the two servers are set as a master running server and a slave running server; the system runs normally on the master running server; when the master running server fails, the system continues to run after the slave running server is upgraded as the master running server.