A voice data transmission method performed by a vice data transmission apparatus, comprising: placing multiple voice data frames in a target sending queue; sequentially sending the multiple voice data frames to a data receiving party; identifying a plurality of important voice frames among the multiple voice data frames placed in the target sending queue; placing the plurality of important voice frames that are identified, in a retransmission processing queue; and for the multiple voice data frames, performing retransmission processing on only the plurality of important voice frames placed in the retransmission processing queue; characterized in that, for the plurality of important voice frames placed in the retransmission processing queue, performing retransmission processing comprises: starting a first timer to perform first timing for a current important voice frame which is in a retransmission sending window in the retransmission processing queue; detecting whether a status acknowledge frame that is returned by the data receiving party for the current important voice frame is received before the first timing of the first timer ends; and retransmitting the current important voice frame when a status acknowledge frame returned by the data receiving party for the current important voice frame is not received before the first timing of the first timer ends. placing multiple voice data frames in a target sending queue; sequentially sending the multiple voice data frames to a data receiving party; identifying a plurality of important voice frames among the multiple voice data frames placed in the target sending queue; placing the plurality of important voice frames that are identified, in a retransmission processing queue; and for the multiple voice data frames, performing retransmission processing on only the plurality of important voice frames placed in the retransmission processing queue; characterized in that, for the plurality of important voice frames placed in the retransmission processing queue, performing retransmission processing comprises: starting a first timer to perform first timing for a current important voice frame which is in a retransmission sending window in the retransmission processing queue; detecting whether a status acknowledge frame that is returned by the data receiving party for the current important voice frame is received before the first timing of the first timer ends; and retransmitting the current important voice frame when a status acknowledge frame returned by the data receiving party for the current important voice frame is not received before the first timing of the first timer ends. starting a first timer to perform first timing for a current important voice frame which is in a retransmission sending window in the retransmission processing queue; detecting whether a status acknowledge frame that is returned by the data receiving party for the current important voice frame is received before the first timing of the first timer ends; and retransmitting the current important voice frame when a status acknowledge frame returned by the data receiving party for the current important voice frame is not received before the first timing of the first timer ends.