A data processing method, comprising: receiving, by a terminal device, first indication information used for performing code block segmentation from a network device, wherein the first indication information is used to instruct the terminal device to perform code block segmentation on data by using a target code block segmentation manner in at least two preset code block segmentation manners and the first indication information indicates a value of a parameter of the target code block segmentation manner used by the terminal device when the terminal device performs code block segmentation on the data; performing, by the terminal device, code block segmentation on data based on the first indication information, to obtain at least one code block, wherein the data is received by the terminal device from the network device, or the data is prepared by the terminal device so as to send to the network device; and encoding or decoding, by the terminal device, the at least one code block, characterized in that the performing, by the terminal device, code block segmentation on data based on the first indication information comprises: determining, by the terminal device, a value of a field used to carry the first indication information; selecting, by the terminal device, a code block segmentation manner corresponding to the value of the field from the preset code block segmentation manners as the target code block segmentation manner; selecting a value corresponding to the value of the field from a plurality of values of the parameter of the target code block segmentation manner as the value of the parameter of the target code block segmentation manner, wherein the parameter of the target code block segmentation manner comprises a maximum code length of the code blocks segmented from the data; and performing, by the terminal device, code block segmentation on the data using the target code block segmentation manner based on the value of the parameter of the target code block segmentation manner. receiving, by a terminal device, first indication information used for performing code block segmentation from a network device, wherein the first indication information is used to instruct the terminal device to perform code block segmentation on data by using a target code block segmentation manner in at least two preset code block segmentation manners and the first indication information indicates a value of a parameter of the target code block segmentation manner used by the terminal device when the terminal device performs code block segmentation on the data; performing, by the terminal device, code block segmentation on data based on the first indication information, to obtain at least one code block, wherein the data is received by the terminal device from the network device, or the data is prepared by the terminal device so as to send to the network device; and encoding or decoding, by the terminal device, the at least one code block, characterized in that the performing, by the terminal device, code block segmentation on data based on the first indication information comprises: determining, by the terminal device, a value of a field used to carry the first indication information; selecting, by the terminal device, a code block segmentation manner corresponding to the value of the field from the preset code block segmentation manners as the target code block segmentation manner; selecting a value corresponding to the value of the field from a plurality of values of the parameter of the target code block segmentation manner as the value of the parameter of the target code block segmentation manner, wherein the parameter of the target code block segmentation manner comprises a maximum code length of the code blocks segmented from the data; and performing, by the terminal device, code block segmentation on the data using the target code block segmentation manner based on the value of the parameter of the target code block segmentation manner. determining, by the terminal device, a value of a field used to carry the first indication information; selecting, by the terminal device, a code block segmentation manner corresponding to the value of the field from the preset code block segmentation manners as the target code block segmentation manner; selecting a value corresponding to the value of the field from a plurality of values of the parameter of the target code block segmentation manner as the value of the parameter of the target code block segmentation manner, wherein the parameter of the target code block segmentation manner comprises a maximum code length of the code blocks segmented from the data; and performing, by the terminal device, code block segmentation on the data using the target code block segmentation manner based on the value of the parameter of the target code block segmentation manner.