An electronic cooling anti-condensation system, comprising a testing chamber, wherein the system further comprises: electronic cooling plates, used for cooling and/or heating, wherein there is at least one group of the electronic cooling plates, each group of the electronic cooling plates are respectively mounted on a chamber wall of the testing chamber, and one end part of the electronic cooling plate dissipates heat outside the testing chamber while the other part thereof is fixed on the chamber wall or the interior of the testing chamber; temperature sensors, used for detecting temperatures of the electronic cooling plates, wherein the temperature sensors are mounted on a part, close to an inner side of the testing chamber, of each group of the electronic cooling plates, or a common part, close to an inner side of the testing chamber, of all electronic cooling plates, or the chamber wall, or cooling fins, close to the interior of the testing chamber, of the electronic cooling plates; a temperature and humidity sensor, used for detecting a temperature and a humidity of the interior of the testing chamber, wherein the temperature and humidity sensor is mounted at the interior of the testing chamber; a cooling plate control unit, used for controlling operation and/or stop of the electronic cooling plates, wherein the cooling plate control unit is electrically connected with the corresponding electronic cooling plate one to one, or is electronically connected with all the electronic cooling plates one to multiple; and a main controller, electrically connected to the temperature sensors, the temperature and humidity sensor, and the cooling plate control unit, and used for calculating a dew point value of the air in the testing chamber according to a temperature value and a humidity value of the interior of the testing chamber acquired by the temperature and humidity sensor and controlling the cooling plate control unit to reduce the number of operating electronic cooling plates or output powers of the electronic cooling plates if the dew point value of the air is greater than a pre-determined threshold, wherein the pre-determined threshold is a temperature T1 °C of the electronic cooling plate or a temperature T1+n °C of the electronic cooling plate acquired by the temperature sensor, and n is greater than 0 and less than or equal to 10, wherein the main controller is further used for automatically switching off a working circuit of an electronic cooling plate which generates a failure, and starting a spare electronic cooling plate or maintaining other electronic cooling plates to regularly operate when the cooling plate control unit detects that the electronic cooling plate generates the failure. electronic cooling plates, used for cooling and/or heating, wherein there is at least one group of the electronic cooling plates, each group of the electronic cooling plates are respectively mounted on a chamber wall of the testing chamber, and one end part of the electronic cooling plate dissipates heat outside the testing chamber while the other part thereof is fixed on the chamber wall or the interior of the testing chamber; temperature sensors, used for detecting temperatures of the electronic cooling plates, wherein the temperature sensors are mounted on a part, close to an inner side of the testing chamber, of each group of the electronic cooling plates, or a common part, close to an inner side of the testing chamber, of all electronic cooling plates, or the chamber wall, or cooling fins, close to the interior of the testing chamber, of the electronic cooling plates; a temperature and humidity sensor, used for detecting a temperature and a humidity of the interior of the testing chamber, wherein the temperature and humidity sensor is mounted at the interior of the testing chamber; a cooling plate control unit, used for controlling operation and/or stop of the electronic cooling plates, wherein the cooling plate control unit is electrically connected with the corresponding electronic cooling plate one to one, or is electronically connected with all the electronic cooling plates one to multiple; and a main controller, electrically connected to the temperature sensors, the temperature and humidity sensor, and the cooling plate control unit, and used for calculating a dew point value of the air in the testing chamber according to a temperature value and a humidity value of the interior of the testing chamber acquired by the temperature and humidity sensor and controlling the cooling plate control unit to reduce the number of operating electronic cooling plates or output powers of the electronic cooling plates if the dew point value of the air is greater than a pre-determined threshold, wherein the pre-determined threshold is a temperature T1 °C of the electronic cooling plate or a temperature T1+n °C of the electronic cooling plate acquired by the temperature sensor, and n is greater than 0 and less than or equal to 10, wherein the main controller is further used for automatically switching off a working circuit of an electronic cooling plate which generates a failure, and starting a spare electronic cooling plate or maintaining other electronic cooling plates to regularly operate when the cooling plate control unit detects that the electronic cooling plate generates the failure.