Position measurement arrangement for determining the relative position of two objects (1, 2) that are arranged so as to be movable relative to one another along at least one measurement direction (x, y), having - at least one measurement standard (10; 110; 210; 310; 410; 510; 610; 710; 810; 910; 1010), which is connected to one of the two objects (1, 2) and has at least one measurement graduation (11; 311; 411.1, 411.2; 511; 611; 711; 811; 911), - at least two scanning units (20.1, 20.2; 320.1, 320.2; 420.1, 420.2; 520.1, 520.2; 620.1, 620.2; 720.1, 720.2; 820.1, 920.1; E1A, E1B, E1C, E2A, E2B, E2C), which are connected to the other one of the two objects (1, 2) and are arranged at a scanning distance in a distance direction from the measurement standard (10; 110; 210; 310; 410; 510; 610; 710; 810; 910; 1010), wherein the scanning units (20.1 20.2; 320.1, 320.2; 420.1, 420.2; 520.1, 520.2; 620.1, 620.2; 720.1, 720.2; 820.1, 920.1; E1A, E1B, E1C, E2A, E2B, E2C) each comprise optical scanning elements that serve for forming a scanning beam path to optically scan the measurement graduation (11; 311; 411.1, 411.2; 511; 611; 711; 811; 911) and to thereby generate position-dependent scanning signals, characterized in that at least one optical compensation element (30; 130.A, 130.B, 130.C, 230.A, 230.B; 330; 430; 530; 630.1, 630.2, 630.3; 730; 830; 930.1, 930.2; 1030.A, 1030.B) that is interchangeable into or out of the scanning beam path is assigned to at least one scanning unit (20.1, 20.2; 320.1, 320.2; 420.1, 420.2; 520.1, 520.2; 620.1, 620.2; 720.1, 720.2; 820.1, 920.1; E1A, E1B, E1C, E2A, E2B, E2C), wherein the position measurement arrangement includes the at least one optical compensation element (30; 130.A, 130.B, 130.C; 230.A, 230.B; 330; 430; 530; 630.1, 630.2, 630.3; 730; 830; 930.1, 930.2; 1030.A, 1030.B), so that it is possible to effect a change in the working region, which is determined with respect to the spatial arrangement of the scanning unit (20.1, 20.2; 320.1, 320.2; 420.1, 420.2; 520.1, 520.2; 620.1, 620.2; 720.1, 720.2; 820.1, 920.1; E1A, E1B, E1C, E2A, E2B, E2C) and the measurement standard (10; 110; 210; 310; 410; 510; 610; 710; 810; 910; 1010) and in which the scanning unit (20.1, 20.2; 320.1, 320.2; 420.1, 420.2; 520.1, 520.2; 620.1, 620.2; 720.1, 720.2; 820.1, 920.1; E1A, E1B, E1C, E2A, E2B, E2C) can generate position-dependent scanning signals, owing to the compensation element (30; 130.A, 130.B, 130.C; 230.A, 230.B; 330; 430; 530; 630.1, 630.2, 630.3; 730; 830; 930.1, 930.2; 1030.A, 1030.B) being interchanged in or out, wherein the geometry of the compensation element (30; 130.A, 130.B, 130.C; 230.A, 230.B; 330; 430; 530; 630.1, 630.2, 630.3; 730; 830; 930.1, 930.2; 1030.A, 1030.B) and its refractive index are selected such that at least one of the modified working regions overlaps in a transfer region with the working region of at least one further scanning unit (20.1. 20.2; 320.1, 320.2; 420.1, 420.2; 520.1, 520.2; 620.1, 620.2; 720.1, 720.2; 820.1, 920.1; E1A, E1B, E1C, E2A, E2B, E2C). - at least one measurement standard (10; 110; 210; 310; 410; 510; 610; 710; 810; 910; 1010), which is connected to one of the two objects (1, 2) and has at least one measurement graduation (11; 311; 411.1, 411.2; 511; 611; 711; 811; 911), - at least two scanning units (20.1, 20.2; 320.1, 320.2; 420.1, 420.2; 520.1, 520.2; 620.1, 620.2; 720.1, 720.2; 820.1, 920.1; E1A, E1B, E1C, E2A, E2B, E2C), which are connected to the other one of the two objects (1, 2) and are arranged at a scanning distance in a distance direction from the measurement standard (10; 110; 210; 310; 410; 510; 610; 710; 810; 910; 1010), wherein the scanning units (20.1 20.2; 320.1, 320.2; 420.1, 420.2; 520.1, 520.2; 620.1, 620.2; 720.1, 720.2; 820.1, 920.1; E1A, E1B, E1C, E2A, E2B, E2C) each comprise optical scanning elements that serve for forming a scanning beam path to optically scan the measurement graduation (11; 311; 411.1, 411.2; 511; 611; 711; 811; 911) and to thereby generate position-dependent scanning signals,