An operation support system comprising a surgical instrument, the surgical instrument comprising: a surgical instrument distal end; a positioning arm having an attachment portion at its distal end, the attachment portion being configured to attach the surgical instrument distal end; a driving unit provided in the attachment portion and comprising an actuator unit, the actuator unit being configured to drive the surgical instrument distal end; and a control unit configured to calculate a desired driving amount of the actuator unit and drive the actuator unit in accordance with the calculated desired driving amount; and a use measurement unit provided in the surgical instrument distal end and configured to acquire a time in which the surgical instrument distal end is attached to the positioning arm, a number of times the surgical instrument distal end is operated or the operating time of the surgical instrument distal end in response to the use or operation of the surgical instrument, wherein the surgical instrument distal end and the driving unit are attachable to or detachable from each other, characterized in that the surgical instrument further comprises a mechanism (201a, 201b) configured to lock the operation of the surgical instrument when the number of times the surgical instrument distal end is operated or the operating time of the surgical instrument distal end has exceeded a predetermined value; and in that the operation support system further comprises a driving amount detecting unit configured to detect an actual driving amount of the actuator unit, wherein the control unit is further configured to determine whether the operation of the surgical instrument is locked from the difference between the calculated desired driving amount and the actual driving amount of the actuator unit, and give an alarm to encourage replacement of the surgical instrument when the operation of the surgical instrument is determined to be locked. a surgical instrument distal end; a positioning arm having an attachment portion at its distal end, the attachment portion being configured to attach the surgical instrument distal end; a driving unit provided in the attachment portion and comprising an actuator unit, the actuator unit being configured to drive the surgical instrument distal end; and a control unit configured to calculate a desired driving amount of the actuator unit and drive the actuator unit in accordance with the calculated desired driving amount; and a use measurement unit provided in the surgical instrument distal end and configured to acquire a time in which the surgical instrument distal end is attached to the positioning arm, a number of times the surgical instrument distal end is operated or the operating time of the surgical instrument distal end in response to the use or operation of the surgical instrument, wherein the surgical instrument distal end and the driving unit are attachable to or detachable from each other, characterized in that the surgical instrument further comprises a mechanism (201a, 201b) configured to lock the operation of the surgical instrument when the number of times the surgical instrument distal end is operated or the operating time of the surgical instrument distal end has exceeded a predetermined value; and in that the operation support system further comprises a driving amount detecting unit configured to detect an actual driving amount of the actuator unit, wherein the control unit is further configured to determine whether the operation of the surgical instrument is locked from the difference between the calculated desired driving amount and the actual driving amount of the actuator unit, and give an alarm to encourage replacement of the surgical instrument when the operation of the surgical instrument is determined to be locked.