A method for communication between different components, comprising: integrating a Network Forwarding Component, NFC, and at least one Independent Application Component, IAC, into a network device, wherein the NFC comprises a main body of the network device, the NFC being a router to forward messages based on a destination IP address or a switch or exchange device to forward messages based on a destination MAC address, the at least one IAC being a single board or a mezzanine card for performing service processing on packets; setting a cooperation mode for the NFC and at least one IAC and cooperation mode-related configuration information in the NFC and the at least one IAC; and the NFC and the at least one IAC communicating with each other according to the set cooperation mode and the cooperation mode-related configuration information stored in the NFC and the at least one IAC wherein the cooperation mode comprises at least one of a host mode, a mirror mode, and a redirection mode; the host mode being a mode in which the NFC is configured to receive a message from an external network device and forward the message to the IAC via a forwarding channel in response to a destination address of the message being identical to an IP address or MAC address of the IAC included in the cooperation mode-related configuration information; the mirror mode being a mode in which the NFC is configured to receive a message from an external network device, determine whether the message satisfies a predetermined mirror condition and in response to the predetermined mirror condition being satisfied, forward the message and send a duplicate message to the IAC via a mirror channel; the redirection mode is a mode in which the NFC is configured to receive a message from an external network device, determine whether the message satisfies a predetermined redirection condition and, in response to the predetermined redirection condition being satisfied, redirect the message to the IAC. integrating a Network Forwarding Component, NFC, and at least one Independent Application Component, IAC, into a network device, wherein the NFC comprises a main body of the network device, the NFC being a router to forward messages based on a destination IP address or a switch or exchange device to forward messages based on a destination MAC address, the at least one IAC being a single board or a mezzanine card for performing service processing on packets; setting a cooperation mode for the NFC and at least one IAC and cooperation mode-related configuration information in the NFC and the at least one IAC; and the NFC and the at least one IAC communicating with each other according to the set cooperation mode and the cooperation mode-related configuration information stored in the NFC and the at least one IAC wherein the cooperation mode comprises at least one of a host mode, a mirror mode, and a redirection mode; the host mode being a mode in which the NFC is configured to receive a message from an external network device and forward the message to the IAC via a forwarding channel in response to a destination address of the message being identical to an IP address or MAC address of the IAC included in the cooperation mode-related configuration information; the mirror mode being a mode in which the NFC is configured to receive a message from an external network device, determine whether the message satisfies a predetermined mirror condition and in response to the predetermined mirror condition being satisfied, forward the message and send a duplicate message to the IAC via a mirror channel; the redirection mode is a mode in which the NFC is configured to receive a message from an external network device, determine whether the message satisfies a predetermined redirection condition and, in response to the predetermined redirection condition being satisfied, redirect the message to the IAC.