A computer-implemented method of providing each node of a network with access to the network and/or to other nodes and systems connected to the network, wherein the network comprises at least one protocol stack comprising a plurality of layers, the method comprising the steps of: controlling real time access to and activity on the network of each layer of the protocol stack by at least one core network access provider, wherein the core network access provider comprises at least one digital and/or physical entity; sequentially assigning a network communication address to the or each access-requesting node at the core network access provider; the method characterised by the steps of: encoding the assigned network communication address at the core network access provider with a unique parameter of the node and a unique parameter of the node user, in a integrity identifier ledger; distributing the integrity identifier ledger in real time to each network-connected node; receiving the distributed identifier ledger and processing same at each network-connected node or one or more certified nodes to verify its sequential, identity attributes and process integrity; upon determining a loss of integrity in the ledger, identifying the ledger record causing the loss and broadcasting an alert comprising the identified ledger record to each network-connected node or one or more certified nodes; and upon either identifying a ledger record causing a loss of integrity or receiving an alert at the core network access provider, cancelling or controlling access to the network, system or ledger for the node having the identifiers corresponding to the identified ledger record. controlling real time access to and activity on the network of each layer of the protocol stack by at least one core network access provider, wherein the core network access provider comprises at least one digital and/or physical entity; sequentially assigning a network communication address to the or each access-requesting node at the core network access provider; the method characterised by the steps of: encoding the assigned network communication address at the core network access provider with a unique parameter of the node and a unique parameter of the node user, in a integrity identifier ledger; distributing the integrity identifier ledger in real time to each network-connected node; receiving the distributed identifier ledger and processing same at each network-connected node or one or more certified nodes to verify its sequential, identity attributes and process integrity; upon determining a loss of integrity in the ledger, identifying the ledger record causing the loss and broadcasting an alert comprising the identified ledger record to each network-connected node or one or more certified nodes; and upon either identifying a ledger record causing a loss of integrity or receiving an alert at the core network access provider, cancelling or controlling access to the network, system or ledger for the node having the identifiers corresponding to the identified ledger record. encoding the assigned network communication address at the core network access provider with a unique parameter of the node and a unique parameter of the node user, in a integrity identifier ledger; distributing the integrity identifier ledger in real time to each network-connected node; receiving the distributed identifier ledger and processing same at each network-connected node or one or more certified nodes to verify its sequential, identity attributes and process integrity; upon determining a loss of integrity in the ledger, identifying the ledger record causing the loss and broadcasting an alert comprising the identified ledger record to each network-connected node or one or more certified nodes; and upon either identifying a ledger record causing a loss of integrity or receiving an alert at the core network access provider, cancelling or controlling access to the network, system or ledger for the node having the identifiers corresponding to the identified ledger record.