A method of detecting and localizing partial rotor-stator rubbing during the operation of a turbine, in which the rotor of the turbine is monitored by means of at least one pair of sensors (3, 30, 4, 40) of rotor vibrations arranged in one plane of measuring (330, 440) perpendicular to the axis of the rotor and by at least one pair of sensors of absolute vibrations of the bearings (2, 20), characterized in that by synchronically digitalized signals of the sensors (3, 30, 4, 40) of rotor vibrations the arithmetic mean of their harmonic bands in full spectrum in the frequency domain is calculated, by which means the information about the subharmonic components and their multiples in full spectrum of these signals is transferred into the frequency band -1X to 1X, where X indicates the rotational frequency of the rotor, at the same time, the level of the signal noise, with which the individual frequency bands of the full spectrum are encumbered, and which is subtracted from the amplitude in the individual frequency bands of full spectrum of the signals of the sensors (3, 30, 4, 40), is estimated by calculation of the median, whereby, in normalized accumulated full spectrum of the signals of the sensors (3, 30, 4, 40) of rotor vibrations created in this manner, the amplitude of the subharmonic component/components of the signals of rotor vibrations are compared with the amplitudes of the frequency components in its proximity, the frequency components being determined by the Fourier transform or by approximation with the help of the Fourier series, and an increase of the amplitude of particular subharmonic component/components in normalized accumulated full spectrum is detected by visual and/or automatic comparison as partial rotor-stator rubbing, and, in case of occurrence of partial rotor-stator rubbing, the place/places of the turbine where the rubbing occurs is/are further localized, whereby for axial localization of this place/places, signals of the sensors of the absolute vibrations of bearings (2, 20) of the turbine detected in the time of beginning of rotor-stator rubbing or during the rubbing are analyzed in the time-frequency domain, whereby increases of broadband amplitude in the spectrum of these signals above the noise level are identified, these increases detecting partial rotor-stator rubbing, and times of approach of these increases to the individual sensors of absolute vibrations of bearings (2, 20) of the turbine are identified, and from the knowledge of these times, knowledge of the distribution of the sensors (3, 30, 4, 40) of absolute vibrations of the bearings (2, 20) in the turbine and from the knowledge of spreading speed of the impact in the material of the rotor/stator, data indicating place/places of the beginning of the rotor-stator rubbing are acquired, and these data are graphically represented by means of a histogram of absolute frequencies in which on the x axis the axial distance of the sensors (3, 30, 4, 40) of absolute vibrations of the bearings (2, 20) in the turbine are introduced, and from connection of the histogram with the drawing of the particular turbine or its axis, the axial position of the place/places, where the rotor-stator rubbing occurred, along the rotor of the turbine is/are localized and the place/places of frequent cases of rubbing are clearly distinguished, and, for circumferential localization, increases in the amplitudes of the signals of the sensors (3, 30, 4, 40) of absolute bearing vibrations are visualized into the orbit of the first harmonic component of the rotational frequency of the rotor created from the signals of the sensors (3, 30, 4, 40) of rotor vibrations, by which means the angular position of the maximum of the increases in amplitudes caused by the rotor-stator rubbing is determined, whereby the angular position corresponds to that of the place/places where the rotor-stator rub occurs.