A pressure and circulation culture system (200A, 200B) comprising: an incubator; a plurality of culture circuits (30A, 30B, 30C) that are placed in the incubator and are arranged in series using piping (160, 162), each of the plurality of culture circuits including: a holder that contains culture solution and that holds a cultured object; a pressure transmission part that communicates with the holder and transmits the pressure to the culture solution; a culture solution circulation line (24A, 24B) that is connected to the holder via the pressure transmission part, and circulates the culture solution through the holder via the pressure transmission part; and a culture solution reservoir that is connected to the culture solution circulation line (24A, 24B); two pressure pipings (10A, 10B) or a single pressure piping, the two pressure pipings being a first pressure piping that is connected to a side of one of the plurality of culture circuits at one end of the plurality of culture circuits and a second pressure piping that is connected to a side of another one of the plurality of culture circuits at an opposite end of the plurality of culture circuits, the single pressure piping being connected to the side of one of the plurality of culture circuits arranged in series; and a pressure generator unit that is connected to the two pressure pipings (10A, 10B) or the single pressure piping to apply a pressure and feed solution to the plurality of culture circuits (30A-30C); wherein each of the plurality of culture circuits (30A-30C) further includes: a check valve that is attached to the upstream side of the pressure transmission part to check a back flow of the culture solution; a shut-off valve part (72A-C) that is provided for a passage disposed between the holder and the culture solution circulation line (24A, 24B); and a shut-off valve drive unit (18A-C) that is attached to the shut-off valve part (72A-C) to drive the shut-off valve part (72A-C), wherein the pressure generated by the pressure generator unit is made to operate on the culture solution via the pressure transmission part to allow pressure on the cultured object in the holder of each of the plurality of the culture circuits (30A-C) and circulation of the culture solution in the holder. an incubator; a plurality of culture circuits (30A, 30B, 30C) that are placed in the incubator and are arranged in series using piping (160, 162), each of the plurality of culture circuits including: a holder that contains culture solution and that holds a cultured object; a pressure transmission part that communicates with the holder and transmits the pressure to the culture solution; a culture solution circulation line (24A, 24B) that is connected to the holder via the pressure transmission part, and circulates the culture solution through the holder via the pressure transmission part; and a culture solution reservoir that is connected to the culture solution circulation line (24A, 24B); a holder that contains culture solution and that holds a cultured object; a pressure transmission part that communicates with the holder and transmits the pressure to the culture solution; a culture solution circulation line (24A, 24B) that is connected to the holder via the pressure transmission part, and circulates the culture solution through the holder via the pressure transmission part; and a culture solution reservoir that is connected to the culture solution circulation line (24A, 24B); two pressure pipings (10A, 10B) or a single pressure piping, the two pressure pipings being a first pressure piping that is connected to a side of one of the plurality of culture circuits at one end of the plurality of culture circuits and a second pressure piping that is connected to a side of another one of the plurality of culture circuits at an opposite end of the plurality of culture circuits, the single pressure piping being connected to the side of one of the plurality of culture circuits arranged in series; and a pressure generator unit that is connected to the two pressure pipings (10A, 10B) or the single pressure piping to apply a pressure and feed solution to the plurality of culture circuits (30A-30C); wherein each of the plurality of culture circuits (30A-30C) further includes: a check valve that is attached to the upstream side of the pressure transmission part to check a back flow of the culture solution; a shut-off valve part (72A-C) that is provided for a passage disposed between the holder and the culture solution circulation line (24A, 24B); and a shut-off valve drive unit (18A-C) that is attached to the shut-off valve part (72A-C) to drive the shut-off valve part (72A-C), wherein a check valve that is attached to the upstream side of the pressure transmission part to check a back flow of the culture solution; a shut-off valve part (72A-C) that is provided for a passage disposed between the holder and the culture solution circulation line (24A, 24B); and a shut-off valve drive unit (18A-C) that is attached to the shut-off valve part (72A-C) to drive the shut-off valve part (72A-C), wherein the pressure generated by the pressure generator unit is made to operate on the culture solution via the pressure transmission part to allow pressure on the cultured object in the holder of each of the plurality of the culture circuits (30A-C) and circulation of the culture solution in the holder.