A carrier aggregation-based demodulation method, wherein the method comprises: when receiving uplink data that is sent by user equipment,UE, based on a scheduled secondary component carrier,SCC, determining, by a first base station, whether a current moment is a periodic channel quality indicator,CQI, reporting moment; if the first base station determines that the current moment is the periodic CQI reporting moment and has not received, when needing to determine a demodulation format used for demodulating uplink data sent on the SCC before the current moment, a first primary component carrier,PCC, scheduling result that is of the UE and that is sent by a second base station, demodulating, by the first base station, the uplink data respectively based on a first demodulation format and a second demodulation format, to obtain a first demodulation result, a second demodulation result, a first check result, and a second check result, wherein the first PCC scheduling result is used to indicate whether uplink scheduling is performed on a PCC of the UE at the periodic CQI reporting moment; the first demodulation format is a demodulation format used when there is periodic CQI channel associated signaling on a physical uplink shared channel,PUSCH, of the SCC; the second demodulation format is a demodulation format used when there is no periodic CQI channel associated signaling on the PUSCH of the SCC; the first check result is obtained by checking the first demodulation result in a cyclic redundancy check,CRC, manner; and the second check result is obtained by checking the second demodulation result in the CRC manner; and if the first base station already receives, when the demodulation is completed, the first PCC scheduling result sent by the second base station, determining, by the first base station based on the first PCC scheduling result, the first demodulation result, the second demodulation result, the first check result, and the second check result, a demodulation result of correctly demodulating the uplink data. when receiving uplink data that is sent by user equipment,UE, based on a scheduled secondary component carrier,SCC, determining, by a first base station, whether a current moment is a periodic channel quality indicator,CQI, reporting moment; if the first base station determines that the current moment is the periodic CQI reporting moment and has not received, when needing to determine a demodulation format used for demodulating uplink data sent on the SCC before the current moment, a first primary component carrier,PCC, scheduling result that is of the UE and that is sent by a second base station, demodulating, by the first base station, the uplink data respectively based on a first demodulation format and a second demodulation format, to obtain a first demodulation result, a second demodulation result, a first check result, and a second check result, wherein the first PCC scheduling result is used to indicate whether uplink scheduling is performed on a PCC of the UE at the periodic CQI reporting moment; the first demodulation format is a demodulation format used when there is periodic CQI channel associated signaling on a physical uplink shared channel,PUSCH, of the SCC; the second demodulation format is a demodulation format used when there is no periodic CQI channel associated signaling on the PUSCH of the SCC; the first check result is obtained by checking the first demodulation result in a cyclic redundancy check,CRC, manner; and the second check result is obtained by checking the second demodulation result in the CRC manner; and if the first base station already receives, when the demodulation is completed, the first PCC scheduling result sent by the second base station, determining, by the first base station based on the first PCC scheduling result, the first demodulation result, the second demodulation result, the first check result, and the second check result, a demodulation result of correctly demodulating the uplink data.