A grain-oriented electrical steel sheet having a base steel sheet, an intermediate layer disposed to be in contact with the base steel sheet, and an insulation coating disposed to be in contact with the intermediate layer, wherein: the base steel sheet contains: Si: 0.8% or more and 7.0% or less, C: 0.005% or less, N: 0.005% or less, total amount of S and Se: 0.005% or less, acid-soluble Al: 0.005% or less, Mn: 0% or more and 1.00% or less, Bi: 0% or more and 0.010% or less, B: 0% or more and 0.008% or less, Ti: 0% or more and 0.015% or less, Nb: 0% or more and 0.20% or less, V: 0% or more and 0.15% or less, Sn: 0% or more and 0.30% or less, Sb: 0% or more and 0.30% or less, Cr: 0% or more and 0.30% or less, Cu: 0% or more and 0.40% or less, P: 0% or more and 0.50% or less, Ni: 0% or more and 1.00% or less, and Mo: 0% or more and 0.10% or less, and a remainder thereof is composed of Fe and impurities, the base steel sheet has a crystal grain texture developed in an <001> orientation, a surface of the base steel sheet having a strain region which extends in a direction intersecting a rolling direction of the base steel sheet, and a crystalline phosphorus oxide M 2 P 4 O 13 present in the insulation coating on the strain region in a cross-sectional view of a surface parallel to the rolling direction and a sheet thickness direction of the base steel sheet, M means at least one or both of Fe and Cr, wherein in the cross-sectional view of the strain region, when a region including a center of the strain region in the rolling direction of the base steel sheet and having a width of 10 μm in the rolling direction of the base steel sheet is defined as a central portion of the strain region, an average thickness of the intermediate layer of the central portion of the strain region is 0.5 times or more and twice or less an average thickness of the intermediate layer other than the strain region, wherein, in the cross-sectional view of the strain region, a proportion of a crystalline phosphorus oxide region in the insulation coating of the central portion is 4% or more and 60% or less in terms of an area ratio as determined in accordance with the description. Si: 0.8% or more and 7.0% or less, C: 0.005% or less, N: 0.005% or less, total amount of S and Se: 0.005% or less, acid-soluble Al: 0.005% or less, Mn: 0% or more and 1.00% or less, Bi: 0% or more and 0.010% or less, B: 0% or more and 0.008% or less, Ti: 0% or more and 0.015% or less, Nb: 0% or more and 0.20% or less, V: 0% or more and 0.15% or less, Sn: 0% or more and 0.30% or less, Sb: 0% or more and 0.30% or less, Cr: 0% or more and 0.30% or less, Cu: 0% or more and 0.40% or less, P: 0% or more and 0.50% or less, Ni: 0% or more and 1.00% or less, and Mo: 0% or more and 0.10% or less, and a remainder thereof is composed of Fe and impurities, the base steel sheet has a crystal grain texture developed in an <001> orientation, a surface of the base steel sheet having a strain region which extends in a direction intersecting a rolling direction of the base steel sheet, and a crystalline phosphorus oxide M 2 P 4 O 13 present in the insulation coating on the strain region in a cross-sectional view of a surface parallel to the rolling direction and a sheet thickness direction of the base steel sheet, M means at least one or both of Fe and Cr, wherein in the cross-sectional view of the strain region, when a region including a center of the strain region in the rolling direction of the base steel sheet and having a width of 10 μm in the rolling direction of the base steel sheet is defined as a central portion of the strain region, an average thickness of the intermediate layer of the central portion of the strain region is 0.5 times or more and twice or less an average thickness of the intermediate layer other than the strain region, wherein, in the cross-sectional view of the strain region, a proportion of a crystalline phosphorus oxide region in the insulation coating of the central portion is 4% or more and 60% or less in terms of an area ratio as determined in accordance with the description.