mhurhangee/ep-ind-claims huggingface dataset:
A method of controlling a dual fuel internal combustion engine, the method comprising: sampling a crank angle sensor of the engine; sampling a pressure sensor of each cylinder of the engine at a first frequency during a first range of cylinder crank angles, the first range of cylinder crank angles including the ignition position of the cylinder; sampling the pressure sensor at a second frequency during a second range of cylinder crank angles, the second frequency being lower than the first frequency; calculating a combustion metric based on the sampled crank angle and pressure; determining an engine control parameter, the engine control parameter including at least one of an engine throttle position, spark advance, and fuel-air ratio based on the calculated combustion metric; determining a max safe substitution rate between a first fuel and a second fuel; controlling a fuel substitution rate between the first fuel and the second fuel based on the max safe substitution rate; controlling the engine based on the engine control parameter, wherein controlling the engine comprises simultaneously controlling a combustion phasing metric with actuation of combustion triggering phasing and controlling a combustion energy metric; and modifying the first range based on the sampled pressure or based on the calculated combustion metric. sampling a crank angle sensor of the engine; sampling a pressure sensor of each cylinder of the engine at a first frequency during a first range of cylinder crank angles, the first range of cylinder crank angles including the ignition position of the cylinder; sampling the pressure sensor at a second frequency during a second range of cylinder crank angles, the second frequency being lower than the first frequency; calculating a combustion metric based on the sampled crank angle and pressure; determining an engine control parameter, the engine control parameter including at least one of an engine throttle position, spark advance, and fuel-air ratio based on the calculated combustion metric; determining a max safe substitution rate between a first fuel and a second fuel; controlling a fuel substitution rate between the first fuel and the second fuel based on the max safe substitution rate; controlling the engine based on the engine control parameter, wherein controlling the engine comprises simultaneously controlling a combustion phasing metric with actuation of combustion triggering phasing and controlling a combustion energy metric; and controlling a combustion phasing metric with actuation of combustion triggering phasing and controlling a combustion energy metric; and modifying the first range based on the sampled pressure or based on the calculated combustion metric.
Component for a watchmaking movement having a surface being subjected to friction, and of which at least part of this surface is formed from a material containing fibroin.
Skin-lightening cosmetic comprising an active ingredient which inhibits melanogenesis, characterized by an extract from rockweed ( Ascophyllum nodosum) and an extract from purple-red alga ( Porphyridium cruentum), the active ingredient which inhibits melanogenesis being an extract from rose root ( Rhodiola rosea).
A piezoelectric device comprising: a pressure chamber; a piezoelectric element; and a diaphragm disposed between the pressure chamber and the piezoelectric element, characterized in that the diaphragm has a crystal plane of an anisotropic single crystal silicon base of which a Poisson's ratio varies according to a direction in the crystal plane, and in a vibration region of the diaphragm, which overlaps the pressure chamber in plan view, the Poisson's ratio of the diaphragm in a short axis direction (Gy) of the smallest rectangle, which includes the vibration region, is included in a range of an average value of the Poisson's ratio in the crystal plane exclusive to a maximum value of the Poisson's ratio in the crystal plane inclusive. a pressure chamber; a piezoelectric element; and a diaphragm disposed between the pressure chamber and the piezoelectric element, characterized in that the diaphragm has a crystal plane of an anisotropic single crystal silicon base of which a Poisson's ratio varies according to a direction in the crystal plane, and in a vibration region of the diaphragm, which overlaps the pressure chamber in plan view, the Poisson's ratio of the diaphragm in a short axis direction (Gy) of the smallest rectangle, which includes the vibration region, is included in a range of an average value of the Poisson's ratio in the crystal plane exclusive to a maximum value of the Poisson's ratio in the crystal plane inclusive.
A rotary column for capping bottles, comprising a rotating and a non-rotating member, and a reducer group mounted via bearings to a main drive shaft, wherein at the upper end of the main drive shaft an upper guiding member is placed, wherein screwing devices are located at and under the upper guiding member, symmetrically with respect to its axis, wherein a main bearing body is attached to the main drive shaft under the upper guiding member and above the reducer group, a cam being mounted to the main drive shaft under the main bearing body, the cam being centered to an irremovable flange which is attached to a support member; wherein a main bearing is mounted to the upper part of the irremovable flange, the main bearing separating the rotating member of the rotary column from the non-rotating one; wherein the reducer group comprises an electric motor and a main gear wheel, the reducer group with the electric motor, the main gear wheel and the cam being located at the non-rotating member under the support member; wherein the screwing devices are centered both to the main bearing body and the upper guiding member, the control of each screwing device being executed by the cam through a first drive roller mounted at the lower end of the respective screwing device and housed in a first notch made in the cam; wherein a gear wheel is placed in the lower part of each drive shaft, engaged with the reducer group, from which the torque is imparted through the drive shafts to adjustable torque clutches; characterized in that changeable tips are attached to the lower parts of these clutches; in that each drive shaft of a screwing device is positioned coaxially to a pusher, a second drive roller being mounted at the lower end of said pusher, said second drive roller being housed in a second notch made in the cam, said pusher being connected at its upper end to one end of a lever, said lever being connected at its other end to a second pusher; wherein the upper end of the first pusher and the upper end of the second pusher are housed in a safe-box together with a first toothed belt pulley, a second toothed belt pulley and a toothed belt, wherein at the upper end of the safe-box there are a fixing axis and an upper guiding member which help for the stable guidance of the screwing device in a vertical direction; and in that changeable holders positioned along the periphery of one or more cylinder holders attached to the main drive shaft of the rotary column are used for gripping and carrying the bottles.
Tangential flexographic plate mounting device without tension on a flexible support, comprising a frame and a rigid cylindrical support rotatably coupled with said frame, at least one applicator roller for the application of said plate, provided with double-sided tape, on the flexible support, said applicator roller having axis of symmetry parallel to that of said cylindrical support and being mobile between an inactive position and an operative position for the application of said plate provided with double-sided tape on said flexible support from an end edge thereof (10,10a) or from the middle portion thereof, whereby in said operative position said applicator roller is kept in rolling contact with the plate by the action of gravity or pressure, so that along the contact surface between said applicator roller and the plate a tension-free coupling is obtained, so as to avoid phenomena of delamination and/or of formation of air bubbles, characterised in that said cylindrical support comprises an outer surface around which a flexible support is wrapped, on which in turn the flexographic plate, provided with double-sided tape, is fixable, and in that in said operative position and during application the plate is wrapped around at least a portion of the outer cylindrical surface of said applicator roller, in order to assume, during application, an opposite curvature to that of said cylindrical support.
A positioning system for a global navigational satellite system (GNSS), comprising: a first receiver to measure a first carrier phase of a carrier signal emitted by a satellite, wherein the first carrier phase includes a first carrier phase ambiguity as an unknown integer number of wavelengths of the carrier signal travelled between the satellite and the first receiver; a second receiver to measure a second carrier phase of the carrier signal emitted by the satellite, wherein the second carrier phase includes a second carrier phase ambiguity as an unknown integer number of wavelengths of the carrier signal travelled between the satellite and the second receiver, wherein the first receiver is spatially separated from the second receiver over a predetermined distance,; and a processor to determine an integer ambiguity difference between the first carrier phase ambiguity and the second carrier phase ambiguity according to a geometric relationship between the satellite and the first and second receivers connecting the integer ambiguity difference with a relative positions error of the first and the second receivers (130, 131) and from a difference in the measurements of the first carrier phase and the second carrier phase and to detect a multipath of the carrier signal based on a value of the integer ambiguity difference characterized in that the processor tracks values of the integer ambiguity difference over a period of time to produce a distribution of tracked values of the integer ambiguity difference, and wherein the processor, in response to determining a value of the integer ambiguity difference at an instant of time, detects the multipath when a deviation of the integer ambiguity difference from the distribution is above a threshold, and otherwise updates the distribution with the value of the integer ambiguity difference. a first receiver to measure a first carrier phase of a carrier signal emitted by a satellite, wherein the first carrier phase includes a first carrier phase ambiguity as an unknown integer number of wavelengths of the carrier signal travelled between the satellite and the first receiver; a second receiver to measure a second carrier phase of the carrier signal emitted by the satellite, wherein the second carrier phase includes a second carrier phase ambiguity as an unknown integer number of wavelengths of the carrier signal travelled between the satellite and the second receiver, wherein the first receiver is spatially separated from the second receiver over a predetermined distance,; and a processor to determine an integer ambiguity difference between the first carrier phase ambiguity and the second carrier phase ambiguity according to a geometric relationship between the satellite and the first and second receivers connecting the integer ambiguity difference with a relative positions error of the first and the second receivers (130, 131) and from a difference in the measurements of the first carrier phase and the second carrier phase and to detect a multipath of the carrier signal based on a value of the integer ambiguity difference
A dialysis flow loop, comprising: a dialyzer flow loop (101,201) having a dialyzer (103, 203) and at least a first dialysate storage container (104, 204); a regeneration flow loop (102, 202) having a sorbent cartridge (110, 210), the regeneration flow loop fluidly connectable to the dialyzer flow loop; at least one valve (108, 109, 208, 209) positioned to control fluid movement between the dialyzer flow loop and the regeneration flow loop; and a controller to control the valve, wherein the controller controls the valve based on an amount of waste solutes in a dialysate in the dialyzer flow loop; preferably further comprising at least a first dialyzer flow loop pump located in the dialyzer flow loop, and at least a one regeneration flow loop pump located in the regeneration flow loop; most preferably further comprising a second dialyzer flow loop pump, wherein the first dialyzer flow loop pump is located on an inlet side of the dialyzer, and wherein the second dialyzer flow loop pump is located on an outlet side of the dialyzer. a dialyzer flow loop (101,201) having a dialyzer (103, 203) and at least a first dialysate storage container (104, 204); a regeneration flow loop (102, 202) having a sorbent cartridge (110, 210), the regeneration flow loop fluidly connectable to the dialyzer flow loop; at least one valve (108, 109, 208, 209) positioned to control fluid movement between the dialyzer flow loop and the regeneration flow loop; and a controller to control the valve, wherein the controller controls the valve based on an amount of waste solutes in a dialysate in the dialyzer flow loop; preferably further comprising at least a first dialyzer flow loop pump located in the dialyzer flow loop, and at least a one regeneration flow loop pump located in the regeneration flow loop; most preferably further comprising a second dialyzer flow loop pump, wherein the first dialyzer flow loop pump is located on an inlet side of the dialyzer, and wherein the second dialyzer flow loop pump is located on an outlet side of the dialyzer.
Schottky diode, comprising: - an n + -type substrate, - an n-type epitaxial layer having a thickness (D_epi), - at least two trenches introduced into the n-type epitaxial layer, said trenches each having a width (Wt) and a depth (Dt), - mesa regions between adjacent trenches, wherein the mesa regions each have a width (Wm), - a metal layer serving as a cathode electrode on the rear side of the n + -type substrate of the Schottky diode, and - a metal layer serving as an anode electrode on the front side of the Schottky diode, which forms an ohmic contact with the trenches and a Schottky contact with the n-type epitaxial layer, wherein - the following relationship holds true for the depth (Dt) of the trenches and the thickness (D_epi) of the n-type epitaxial layer: K ⋅ Dt < D_epi, wherein K > 4 characterized - in that the following relationship holds true for the ratio of the depth (Dt) of the trenches to the width (Wm) of the mesa regions: Dt / Wm ≥ 2, - and in that the following holds true: NA ⋅ Wt > > ND ⋅ Wm, wherein NA is the doping concentration of the trenches, Wt is the width of the trenches, ND is the doping concentration of the n-type epitaxial layer, and Wm is the width of the mesa region between two trenches. - an n + -type substrate, - an n-type epitaxial layer having a thickness (D_epi), - at least two trenches introduced into the n-type epitaxial layer, said trenches each having a width (Wt) and a depth (Dt), - mesa regions between adjacent trenches, wherein the mesa regions each have a width (Wm), - a metal layer serving as a cathode electrode on the rear side of the n + -type substrate of the Schottky diode, and - a metal layer serving as an anode electrode on the front side of the Schottky diode, which forms an ohmic contact with the trenches and a Schottky contact with the n-type epitaxial layer, wherein - the following relationship holds true for the depth (Dt) of the trenches and the thickness (D_epi) of the n-type epitaxial layer: K ⋅ Dt < D_epi, wherein K > 4 - in that the following relationship holds true for the ratio of the depth (Dt) of the trenches to the width (Wm) of the mesa regions: Dt / Wm ≥ 2, - and in that the following holds true: NA ⋅ Wt > > ND ⋅ Wm,
A terahertz wave generator including a nonlinear crystal for generating terahertz wave by a parametric effect when a seed beam (L2') and a pumping beam (L1, L1') enter, the terahertz wave generator comprising: pumping beam projecting means for allowing the pumping beam (L1, L1') to enter from one end surface of the nonlinear crystal and emitting the pumping beam (L1, L1') from the other end surface of the nonlinear crystal, and for generating idler wave; and a reflection optical system for allowing the pumping beam (L1, L1') emitted from the other end surface of the nonlinear crystal to be reflected and to re-enter the other end surface, and for allowing the idler wave generated from the other end surface of the nonlinear crystal to be reflected and allowing the idler wave as the seed beam (L2') to enter from the other end surface of the nonlinear crystal so as to generate terahertz wave, characterized in that the reflection optical system includes a reflection mirror having a flat-plate shaped reflection surface facing the other end surface of the nonlinear crystal and a convex lens disposed between the reflection mirror and the other end surface of the nonlinear crystal, and the convex lens is disposed by being separated from the other end surface of the nonlinear crystal only by a focal distance of the convex lens. pumping beam projecting means for allowing the pumping beam (L1, L1') to enter from one end surface of the nonlinear crystal and emitting the pumping beam (L1, L1') from the other end surface of the nonlinear crystal, and for generating idler wave; and a reflection optical system for allowing the pumping beam (L1, L1') emitted from the other end surface of the nonlinear crystal to be reflected and to re-enter the other end surface, and for allowing the idler wave generated from the other end surface of the nonlinear crystal to be reflected and allowing the idler wave as the seed beam (L2') to enter from the other end surface of the nonlinear crystal so as to generate terahertz wave, characterized in that the reflection optical system includes a reflection mirror having a flat-plate shaped reflection surface facing the other end surface of the nonlinear crystal and a convex lens disposed between the reflection mirror and the other end surface of the nonlinear crystal, and the convex lens is disposed by being separated from the other end surface of the nonlinear crystal only by a focal distance of the convex lens.
A method of mitigation of undesired species from a stream to a unit, the method comprising: passing the stream through structured elements in the unit, the structured elements being present in an amount sufficient to mitigate the undesired species in the stream; and contacting the stream with the contact surfaces of the structured elements to mitigate the undesired species in the stream, wherein the structured elements have a contact surface with a surface area ranging from 625 to 305,000 square meters per cubic meter of structured elements, wherein the structured elements comprise interconnected unit cells, each unit cell having a frame and a plurality of faces, wherein the individual faces are open, partially open or closed, and the frame and plurality of faces form a three dimensional structure which is a polyhedron, and the structured element includes a plurality of asperities formed on the unit cells, and wherein the structured elements have a filtration capability able to effectively remove particulates of sizes from 100 nanometers to 11 millimeters. the structured elements comprise interconnected unit cells, each unit cell having a frame and a plurality of faces, wherein the individual faces are open, partially open or closed, and the frame and plurality of faces form a three dimensional structure which is a polyhedron, and the structured element includes a plurality of asperities formed on the unit cells, and wherein the structured elements have a filtration capability able to effectively remove particulates of sizes from 100 nanometers to 11 millimeters.
A method of configuring a network of network nodes (10, 12) for transmitting consumption data of decentralized data acquisition devices to at least one master network node, the method comprising ascertaining bidirectional communication links between the network nodes (10, 12) in which the consumption data is temporarily stored, characterized in that the communication between the network nodes (10, 12) during ascertainment of the communication links is based on a Wake-On-Radio concept, according to which the receiving means of a network node changes over at specific time intervals from a power saving mode to a receiving mode in which the receiving means listens on a particular radio channel for a specific period, the master network node collecting information about communication links between individual network nodes (10, 12) which are ascertained by the individual network nodes by command of the master network node.
A grinding installation for comminuting grinding material, having a first grinding circuit, which comprises a roller press and a first separator, and having a second grinding circuit, which comprises a dynamic separator (4, 4') and a ball mill, wherein the first separator is in the form of a static separator and is arranged below the roller press, whereas the dynamic separator (4, 4') is provided at the level of the roller press or below the roller press characterized in that a buffer store is provided between the dynamic separator (4, 4") and the ball mill and the grits from the dynamic separator are fed to the ball mill via the buffer store; wherein the buffer store comprises an overflow connected to the first grinding circuit and/or wherein the arising quantity of grit is adapted to the capacity of the ball mill through influencing of the quantity of the fine material of the static separator. wherein the first separator is in the form of a static separator and is arranged below the roller press, whereas the dynamic separator (4, 4') is provided at the level of the roller press or below the roller press characterized in that a buffer store is provided between the dynamic separator (4, 4") and the ball mill and the grits from the dynamic separator are fed to the ball mill via the buffer store; wherein the buffer store comprises an overflow connected to the first grinding circuit and/or wherein the arising quantity of grit is adapted to the capacity of the ball mill through influencing of the quantity of the fine material of the static separator.
A composition comprising: antigen presenting cells, or antigen presenting cells and T-lymphocytes, wherein the antigen presenting cells and T lymphocytes have been sensitized in vitro with at least one CMV antigen, for use in a method of eliciting in a subject an immune response to a cell that expresses said cytomegalovirus antigen, the method comprising administering to the subject the composition, wherein the cell is characterized as a precancerous cell, a cancer cell, or a cell-type predisposed to developing cancer associated with CMV, and wherein the method is for treating or preventing CMV-associated cancer. antigen presenting cells, or antigen presenting cells and T-lymphocytes, wherein the antigen presenting cells and T lymphocytes have been sensitized in vitro with at least one CMV antigen,