A printing plate precursor comprising: a layer which includes a polymer and is provided on a printing surface side of an aluminum support; and a layer which includes particles and is provided on a side opposite to the printing surface side, wherein a modulus of elasticity of the particles is 0.1 GPa or more, in a case where a Bekk smoothness of an outermost layer surface on the side opposite to the printing surface side is denoted by b second, the following expression is satisfied, b ≤ 1,000 and the printing plate precursor either includes a protective layer having a thickness of less than 0.2 μm on the layer which includes a polymer or does not include a protective layer on the layer which includes a polymer, characterized in that in a case where a Bekk smoothness of an outermost layer surface on the printing surface side is denoted by a second and a Bekk smoothness of an outermost layer surface on the side opposite to the printing surface side is denoted by b second, the following expressions and are satisfied a ≤ 1,000 1 / a + 1 / b ≥ 0.002 the Bekk smoothness being measured in accordance with JIS P8119 using a Bekk smoothness tester manufactured by KUMAGAIRIKIKOGYO Co., Ltd. and an air volume of 1 mL, and the modulus of elasticity of the particles being determined by pushing and measuring a plane indenter, 50 mm × 50 mm, with a load of 1 mN/2 sec using the microhardness tester PICODENTOR HM500 and fitting the obtained load displacement curve to the following contact equation (Hertz equation) of a flat plate and a sphere δ 3 = 9 16 R 0 1 − ν 1 2 E 1 2 P 2 E 1: modulus of elasticity of sphere δ; displacement R 0: particle radius v 1: Poisson's ratio of sphere P: load a layer which includes a polymer and is provided on a printing surface side of an aluminum support; and a layer which includes particles and is provided on a side opposite to the printing surface side, wherein a modulus of elasticity of the particles is 0.1 GPa or more, in a case where a Bekk smoothness of an outermost layer surface on the side opposite to the printing surface side is denoted by b second, the following expression is satisfied, b ≤ 1,000 and the printing plate precursor either includes a protective layer having a thickness of less than 0.2 μm on the layer which includes a polymer or does not include a protective layer on the layer which includes a polymer, characterized in that in a case where a Bekk smoothness of an outermost layer surface on the printing surface side is denoted by a second and a Bekk smoothness of an outermost layer surface on the side opposite to the printing surface side is denoted by b second, the following expressions and are satisfied a ≤ 1,000 1 / a + 1 / b ≥ 0.002 the Bekk smoothness being measured in accordance with JIS P8119 using a Bekk smoothness tester manufactured by KUMAGAIRIKIKOGYO Co., Ltd. and an air volume of 1 mL, and the modulus of elasticity of the particles being determined by pushing and measuring a plane indenter, 50 mm × 50 mm, with a load of 1 mN/2 sec using the microhardness tester PICODENTOR HM500 and fitting the obtained load displacement curve to the following contact equation (Hertz equation) of a flat plate and a sphere δ 3 = 9 16 R 0 1 − ν 1 2 E 1 2 P 2 the Bekk smoothness being measured in accordance with JIS P8119 using a Bekk smoothness tester manufactured by KUMAGAIRIKIKOGYO Co., Ltd. and an air volume of 1 mL, and the modulus of elasticity of the particles being determined by pushing and measuring a plane indenter, 50 mm × 50 mm, with a load of 1 mN/2 sec using the microhardness tester PICODENTOR HM500 and fitting the obtained load displacement curve to the following contact equation (Hertz equation) of a flat plate and a sphere δ 3 = 9 16 R 0 1 − ν 1 2 E 1 2 P 2 E 1: modulus of elasticity of sphere δ; displacement R 0: particle radius v 1: Poisson's ratio of sphere P: load