A method for emitting and receiving laser pulses for a laser tracking or a laser ranging of a space object, characterised in that it includes at least the following steps: - a step of generating at least two different pulse patterns (M1, M2), implemented by a generation unit, each of said different pulse patterns (M1, M2) comprising at least three successive pulses (I1, I2, I3, I4), two successive pulses of each of said different pulse patterns (M1, M2) being, each time, temporally separated by an associated separation duration (T1, T2, T3), the different separation durations (T1, T2, T3) of each of said different pulse patterns (M1, M2) being variable and conforming to a given pattern; - an emission step, implemented by an emission/reception unit, of emitting a plurality of successive sets of pulses which conform to different pulse patterns (M1, M2), generated in the generation step, at least one of said successive sets of pulses comprising a sequence of laser pulses conforming to one of said different pulse patterns and in recording at least the time called emission time (tE), at which the first pulse of the sequence of laser pulses of each of said successive sets of pulses is emitted; - a reception step, implemented by the emission/reception unit, of receiving light pulses (ILi) and in recording times called reception times (tRi) at which these light pulses (ILi) are received; and - an analysis step, implemented by a data processing unit, consisting at least in analyzing the durations between the reception times (tRi) of the light pulses (ILi) received at the reception step to identify a sequence of received light pulses, which conforms to one of said different pulse patterns (M1, M2). - a step of generating at least two different pulse patterns (M1, M2), implemented by a generation unit, each of said different pulse patterns (M1, M2) comprising at least three successive pulses (I1, I2, I3, I4), two successive pulses of each of said different pulse patterns (M1, M2) being, each time, temporally separated by an associated separation duration (T1, T2, T3), the different separation durations (T1, T2, T3) of each of said different pulse patterns (M1, M2) being variable and conforming to a given pattern; - an emission step, implemented by an emission/reception unit, of emitting a plurality of successive sets of pulses which conform to different pulse patterns (M1, M2), generated in the generation step, at least one of said successive sets of pulses comprising a sequence of laser pulses conforming to one of said different pulse patterns and in recording at least the time called emission time (tE), at which the first pulse of the sequence of laser pulses of each of said successive sets of pulses is emitted; - a reception step, implemented by the emission/reception unit, of receiving light pulses (ILi) and in recording times called reception times (tRi) at which these light pulses (ILi) are received; and - an analysis step, implemented by a data processing unit, consisting at least in analyzing the durations between the reception times (tRi) of the light pulses (ILi) received at the reception step to identify a sequence of received light pulses, which conforms to one of said different pulse patterns (M1, M2).