A system configured to support diagnosis of central sleep apnea of a subject using a test, the system comprising: a device configured to deliver breathing cues to a self-ventilating subject that prompt the self-ventilating subject to breathe a gas; one or more sensors that generate one or more output signals conveying information related to one or more parameters related to breathing of the gas; one or more processors configured to execute computer program modules, the computer program modules comprising: a parameter determination module configured to determine a first breathing parameter, a second breathing parameter and a parameter indicating respiratory timing from the one or more output signals generated by the one or more sensors; a control module configured to control the device to regulate the breathing cues provided to the self-ventilating subject to adjust the first breathing parameter wherein the first breathing parameter is respiratory rate; and an event module configured to detect an occurrence of a central apnea based on the second breathing parameter during delivery of breathing cues wherein the second breathing parameter is a tidal volume, and wherein the detection of the occurrence of central apnea is determined based on a reduction in tidal volume of the subject; and characterized in that the computer program modules further comprise: a compliance module configured to determine whether the self-ventilating subject adequately complies with the delivered breathing cues by comparing timing of the delivered breathing cues with the parameter indicating respiratory timing; and wherein the compliance module is further configured to detect instances in which the subject is breathing spontaneously, but not following the breathing cues. a device configured to deliver breathing cues to a self-ventilating subject that prompt the self-ventilating subject to breathe a gas; one or more sensors that generate one or more output signals conveying information related to one or more parameters related to breathing of the gas; one or more processors configured to execute computer program modules, the computer program modules comprising: a parameter determination module configured to determine a first breathing parameter, a second breathing parameter and a parameter indicating respiratory timing from the one or more output signals generated by the one or more sensors; a control module configured to control the device to regulate the breathing cues provided to the self-ventilating subject to adjust the first breathing parameter wherein the first breathing parameter is respiratory rate; and an event module configured to detect an occurrence of a central apnea based on the second breathing parameter during delivery of breathing cues wherein the second breathing parameter is a tidal volume, and wherein the detection of the occurrence of central apnea is determined based on a reduction in tidal volume of the subject; and a parameter determination module configured to determine a first breathing parameter, a second breathing parameter and a parameter indicating respiratory timing from the one or more output signals generated by the one or more sensors; a control module configured to control the device to regulate the breathing cues provided to the self-ventilating subject to adjust the first breathing parameter wherein the first breathing parameter is respiratory rate; and an event module configured to detect an occurrence of a central apnea based on the second breathing parameter during delivery of breathing cues wherein the second breathing parameter is a tidal volume, and wherein the detection of the occurrence of central apnea is determined based on a reduction in tidal volume of the subject; and characterized in that the computer program modules further comprise: a compliance module configured to determine whether the self-ventilating subject adequately complies with the delivered breathing cues by comparing timing of the delivered breathing cues with the parameter indicating respiratory timing; and wherein the compliance module is further configured to detect instances in which the subject is breathing spontaneously, but not following the breathing cues. a compliance module configured to determine whether the self-ventilating subject adequately complies with the delivered breathing cues by comparing timing of the delivered breathing cues with the parameter indicating respiratory timing; and wherein the compliance module is further configured to detect instances in which the subject is breathing spontaneously, but not following the breathing cues.