A method of producing an aromatic compound, comprising a step of mixing a compound represented by the formula: wherein, X 1 represents a group represented by the formula,,,, or: Ar 1 represents a monovalent or divalent aromatic hydrocarbon group having a number of carbon atoms of 6 to 36, and m represents 1 or 2, a carbon atom contained in the aromatic hydrocarbon group may be substituted with a hetero atom or a carbonyl group, and a hydrogen atom contained in the aromatic hydrocarbon group may be substituted with a fluorine atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an alkoxy group, a cycloalkoxy group, an alkylthio group, a cycloalkylthio group, an aryl group, an aryloxy group, an arylthio group, an arylalkyl group, an arylcycloalkyl group, an arylalkenyl group, an arylalkynyl group, a heterocyclic group which may have a substituent, an amino group which may have a substituent, a silyl group which may have a substituent, an acyl group, a group having a carbon atom-nitrogen atom double bond as a partial structure, an acid imide group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, a cycloalkoxycarbonyl group, an aryloxycarbonyl group, a carboxyl group, a cyano group or a nitro group, and a compound represented by the formula: wherein, X 2 represents a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, an iodine atom, an alkylsulfonyloxy group, a fluorine-substituted alkylsulfonyloxy group or an arylsulfonyloxy group, Ar 2 represents a monovalent or divalent aromatic hydrocarbon group having a number of carbon atoms of 6 to 36, and n represents 1 or 2, a carbon atom contained in the aromatic hydrocarbon group may be substituted with a hetero atom or a carbonyl group, and a hydrogen atom contained in the aromatic hydrocarbon group may be substituted with a fluorine atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an alkoxy group, a cycloalkoxy group, an alkylthio group, a cycloalkylthio group, an aryl group, an aryloxy group, an arylthio group, an arylalkyl group, an arylcycloalkyl group, an arylalkenyl group, an arylalkynyl group, a heterocyclic group which may have a substituent, an amino group which may have a substituent, a silyl group which may have a substituent, an acyl group, a group having a carbon atom-nitrogen atom double bond as a partial structure, an acid imide group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, a cycloalkoxycarbonyl group, an aryloxycarbonyl group, a carboxyl group, a cyano group or a nitro group, in the presence of at least one phosphine compound selected from the group consisting of a phosphine represented by the formula: wherein, A 3 and A 4 represent each independently an alkyl group having a number of carbon atoms of 1 to 20 or a saturated alicyclic hydrocarbon group having a number of carbon atoms of 6 to 20, R 7 and R 8 represent each independently a fluorine atom, an alkyl group having a number of carbon atoms of 1 to 20, a cycloalkyl group having a number of carbon atoms of 3 to 20, an alkoxy group having a number of carbon atoms of 1 to 20, a cycloalkoxy group having a number of carbon atoms of 3 to 20, a fluoroalkoxy group having a number of carbon atoms of 1 to 20 or an aryl group having a number of carbon atoms of 6 to 20, and R 9 represents a hydrogen atom, and a phosphonium salt represented by the formula: wherein, A 3, A 4, R 7, R 8 and R 9 represent the same meaning as described above and Z represents an anion; a base, a palladium compound and an aprotic organic solvent.