A blood purification apparatus configured to perform blood purification treatment while extracorporeally circulating blood of a patient by using an only puncture needle, the apparatus comprising: a blood circuit including an arterial blood circuit and a venous blood circuit to respective distal ends of which the only puncture needle is connectable, the blood circuit allowing the blood of the patient to be extracorporeally circulated from the distal end of the arterial blood circuit to the distal end of the venous blood circuit; a blood purification device provided between the arterial blood circuit and the venous blood circuit and configured to purify the blood flowing in the blood circuit; a first blood pump that is a peristaltic pump provided to the arterial blood circuit and is capable of introducing the blood of the patient into the blood circuit through the puncture needle when activated to undergo normal rotation; a second blood pump that is a peristaltic pump provided to the venous blood circuit and is capable of returning the blood in the blood circuit to the patient through the puncture needle when activated to undergo normal rotation; and a control device that allows the blood of the patient to be extracorporeally circulated through the blood circuit by causing the first blood pump and the second blood pump to alternately undergo normal rotation, characterized in that, during blood removal, the control device operates to substitute a priming solution in the blood circuit with the blood of the patient and to discharge the priming solution having undergone the substitution from the blood circuit by causing the first blood pump to undergo normal rotation and the second blood pump to undergo reverse rotation. a blood circuit including an arterial blood circuit and a venous blood circuit to respective distal ends of which the only puncture needle is connectable, the blood circuit allowing the blood of the patient to be extracorporeally circulated from the distal end of the arterial blood circuit to the distal end of the venous blood circuit; a blood purification device provided between the arterial blood circuit and the venous blood circuit and configured to purify the blood flowing in the blood circuit; a first blood pump that is a peristaltic pump provided to the arterial blood circuit and is capable of introducing the blood of the patient into the blood circuit through the puncture needle when activated to undergo normal rotation; a second blood pump that is a peristaltic pump provided to the venous blood circuit and is capable of returning the blood in the blood circuit to the patient through the puncture needle when activated to undergo normal rotation; and a control device that allows the blood of the patient to be extracorporeally circulated through the blood circuit by causing the first blood pump and the second blood pump to alternately undergo normal rotation, characterized in that, during blood removal, the control device operates to substitute a priming solution in the blood circuit with the blood of the patient and to discharge the priming solution having undergone the substitution from the blood circuit by causing the first blood pump to undergo normal rotation and the second blood pump to undergo reverse rotation.