A dust collecting apparatus (100, 200) for a vacuum cleaner, comprising: a first cyclone installed in a first case, and configured to separate dust from air introduced together with foreign materials and to discharge the dust to a first dust storage unit; a second cyclone mounted above the first cyclone, and configured to separate fine dust from the air having dust separated therefrom by the first cyclone, and to discharge the fine dust to a second dust storage unit; a compression device configured to compress the dust stored in the first dust storage unit, by at least partially performing a clockwise rotation in one direction along an outer circumferential surface of a second case which accommodates therein the second dust storage unit, and by at least partially performing a counterclockwise rotation in an opposite direction to the clockwise rotation; a screw rotatably installed above the compression device, spirally extended along an outer circumference, and configured to guide collection of dust into the first dust storage unit; and a driving unit configured to transmit a driving force to the compression device such that the clockwise rotation and the counterclockwise rotation of the compression device are selectively performed; wherein the dust collection apparatus (100, 200) for a vacuum cleaner further comprises a gear unit installed between the compression device and the screw to transmit a rotational force of the compression device to the screw; and a lower cover portion hinge-coupled to the first case to form bottom surfaces of the first and second dust storage units (210, 220), and the lower cover portion rotated by the hinge such that the dust and the fine dust are simultaneously discharged, thereby simultaneously opening the first and second dust storage units (210, 220). a first cyclone installed in a first case, and configured to separate dust from air introduced together with foreign materials and to discharge the dust to a first dust storage unit; a second cyclone mounted above the first cyclone, and configured to separate fine dust from the air having dust separated therefrom by the first cyclone, and to discharge the fine dust to a second dust storage unit; a compression device configured to compress the dust stored in the first dust storage unit, by at least partially performing a clockwise rotation in one direction along an outer circumferential surface of a second case which accommodates therein the second dust storage unit, and by at least partially performing a counterclockwise rotation in an opposite direction to the clockwise rotation; a screw rotatably installed above the compression device, spirally extended along an outer circumference, and configured to guide collection of dust into the first dust storage unit; and a driving unit configured to transmit a driving force to the compression device such that the clockwise rotation and the counterclockwise rotation of the compression device are selectively performed; wherein the dust collection apparatus (100, 200) for a vacuum cleaner further comprises a compression device configured to compress the dust stored in the first dust storage unit, by at least partially performing a clockwise rotation in one direction along an outer circumferential surface of a second case which accommodates therein the second dust storage unit, and by at least partially performing a counterclockwise rotation in an opposite direction to the clockwise rotation; a screw rotatably installed above the compression device, spirally extended along an outer circumference, and configured to guide collection of dust into the first dust storage unit; and a driving unit configured to transmit a driving force to the compression device such that the clockwise rotation and the counterclockwise rotation of the compression device are selectively performed; wherein the dust collection apparatus (100, 200) for a vacuum cleaner further comprises a gear unit installed between the compression device and the screw to transmit a rotational force of the compression device to the screw; and a lower cover portion hinge-coupled to the first case to form bottom surfaces of the first and second dust storage units (210, 220), and the lower cover portion rotated by the hinge such that the dust and the fine dust are simultaneously discharged, thereby simultaneously opening the first and second dust storage units (210, 220).