An apparatus of decoding a video, the apparatus comprising: a receiver which is configured to split an image into a plurality of maximum coding blocks based on size information of the maximum coding blocks parsed from a bitstream, hierarchically split one of the maximum coding blocks into at least one coding block by using coding block split information parsed from a bitstream, determine at least one transformation block hierarchically split from a current coding block among the at least one coding block by using transformation block split information parsed from the bitstream; an arithmetic decoder which is configured to perform context-based arithmetic decoding for a prefix symbol of a symbol about a last significant coefficient location of a current transformation block to obtain a prefix bitstring, and perform bypass mode arithmetic decoding for a suffix symbol of the symbol to obtain a suffix bitstring; an inverse-binarizer which is configured to perform inverse binarization on the prefix bitstring according to a truncated binarization method to obtain an inverse-binarized prefix, and perform inverse binarization on the suffix bitstring according to a fixed length method to obtain an inverse-binarized suffix; and a symbol reconstructor which is configured to reconstruct the last significant coefficient location of the current transformation block by using the inverse-binarized prefix and the inverse-binarized suffix; and a decoder which is configured to restore the image by performing inverse transformation on the current transformation block based on the reconstructed last significant coefficient location, wherein the context-based arithmetic decoding for the prefix is performed by using a context index determined based on a size of the current transformation block and a location of a bit of the prefix bitstring, wherein the inverse-binarized prefix is obtained by decoding the prefix symbol, the inverse-binarized suffix is obtained by decoding the suffix symbol, the last significant coefficient location of the current transformation block is reconstructed by combining the inverse-binarized prefix and the inverse-binarized suffix, the prefix symbol and the suffix symbol are determined by classifying the symbol about a last significant coefficient location of a current transformation block based on a threshold value, and the reconstructed last significant coefficient location of the current transformation block indicates a x coordinate of the last significant coefficient location in a direction of widths of the current transformation block or a y coordinate of the last significant coefficient location in a direction of heights of the current transformation block. a receiver which is configured to split an image into a plurality of maximum coding blocks based on size information of the maximum coding blocks parsed from a bitstream, hierarchically split one of the maximum coding blocks into at least one coding block by using coding block split information parsed from a bitstream, determine at least one transformation block hierarchically split from a current coding block among the at least one coding block by using transformation block split information parsed from the bitstream; an arithmetic decoder which is configured to perform context-based arithmetic decoding for a prefix symbol of a symbol about a last significant coefficient location of a current transformation block to obtain a prefix bitstring, and perform bypass mode arithmetic decoding for a suffix symbol of the symbol to obtain a suffix bitstring; an inverse-binarizer which is configured to perform inverse binarization on the prefix bitstring according to a truncated binarization method to obtain an inverse-binarized prefix, and perform inverse binarization on the suffix bitstring according to a fixed length method to obtain an inverse-binarized suffix; and a symbol reconstructor which is configured to reconstruct the last significant coefficient location of the current transformation block by using the inverse-binarized prefix and the inverse-binarized suffix; and a decoder which is configured to restore the image by performing inverse transformation on the current transformation block based on the reconstructed last significant coefficient location, wherein the context-based arithmetic decoding for the prefix is performed by using a context index determined based on a size of the current transformation block and a location of a bit of the prefix bitstring, wherein the inverse-binarized prefix is obtained by decoding the prefix symbol, the inverse-binarized suffix is obtained by decoding the suffix symbol, the last significant coefficient location of the current transformation block is reconstructed by combining the inverse-binarized prefix and the inverse-binarized suffix, the prefix symbol and the suffix symbol are determined by classifying the symbol about a last significant coefficient location of a current transformation block based on a threshold value, and the reconstructed last significant coefficient location of the current transformation block indicates a x coordinate of the last significant coefficient location in a direction of widths of the current transformation block or a y coordinate of the last significant coefficient location in a direction of heights of the current transformation block.