A reciprocating saw blade mounting device, comprising: a reciprocating rod, a front end of which is provided with a clamping cavity configured for clamping a clamping end of a saw blade in an axial direction; a clamping mechanism, comprising a clamping member and a positioning member which are disposed opposite to each other on the clamping cavity in a radial direction; wherein the clamping member is capable of moving in the radial direction such that the reciprocating saw blade mounting device switches between a clamping state in which the clamping end is clamped in the clamping cavity by the clamping member and a released state in which the clamping end is separated from the clamping cavity; and an ejection mechanism disposed in the clamping cavity, wherein the ejection mechanism comprises a pressing block and a first elastic member; wherein when the reciprocating saw blade mounting device is in a released state, the pressing block is elastically pressed between the clamping member and the positioning member by the first elastic member such that a spacing between the clamping member and the positioning member is greater than or equal to a thickness of the clamping end; wherein when the reciprocating saw blade mounting device is in a clamping state, the pressing block is pressed out of between the clamping member and the positioning member by the clamping end and compresses the first elastic member; and wherein two ends of the first elastic member are respectively connected to the pressing block and a cavity bottom of the clamping cavity, characterized in that the pressing block comprises a limiting portion and a convex portion in a direction away from the first elastic member, and when the reciprocating saw blade mounting device is in the released state, the convex portion is inserted between the clamping member and the positioning member, and the limiting portion abuts a side wall of the clamping member and/or a side wall of the positioning member. a reciprocating rod, a front end of which is provided with a clamping cavity configured for clamping a clamping end of a saw blade in an axial direction; a clamping mechanism, comprising a clamping member and a positioning member which are disposed opposite to each other on the clamping cavity in a radial direction; wherein the clamping member is capable of moving in the radial direction such that the reciprocating saw blade mounting device switches between a clamping state in which the clamping end is clamped in the clamping cavity by the clamping member and a released state in which the clamping end is separated from the clamping cavity; and an ejection mechanism disposed in the clamping cavity, wherein the ejection mechanism comprises a pressing block and a first elastic member; wherein when the reciprocating saw blade mounting device is in a released state, the pressing block is elastically pressed between the clamping member and the positioning member by the first elastic member such that a spacing between the clamping member and the positioning member is greater than or equal to a thickness of the clamping end; wherein when the reciprocating saw blade mounting device is in a clamping state, the pressing block is pressed out of between the clamping member and the positioning member by the clamping end and compresses the first elastic member; and wherein two ends of the first elastic member are respectively connected to the pressing block and a cavity bottom of the clamping cavity, characterized in that the pressing block comprises a limiting portion and a convex portion in a direction away from the first elastic member, and when the reciprocating saw blade mounting device is in the released state, the convex portion is inserted between the clamping member and the positioning member, and the limiting portion abuts a side wall of the clamping member and/or a side wall of the positioning member.