A compound which has a structural formula I: characterized in that: A is aryl or heteroaryl, optionally substituted with one or more R 1 groups; L is O, S, or N R 2; G is alkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl, optionally substituted with one or more R 3 groups; Z is aryl or heteroaryl, optionally substituted with one or more R 4 groups; each R 1 is independently alkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, hydroxy, halogen, haloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, alkyloxyalkyl, heterocyclylalkyl, aminoalkyl, alkylaminoalkyl, dialkylaminoalkyl, alkyloxy, amino, alkylamino, dialkylamino, carboxy, or alkylsulfonyl; R 2 is hydrogen or alkyl; each R 3 is independently hydroxy, oxo, alkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, hydroxyalkyl, alkyloxy, cycloalkyloxy, heterocyclyloxy, alkylacylamino, alkylcarbonyl, cycloalkylcarbonyl, heterocyclylcarbonyl, or alkylaminoacyl; each R 4 is independently alkyl, cyano, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, oxo, haloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, alkyloxyalkyl, heterocyclylalkyl, heterocyclylcarbonyl, or R 4a R 4b NC(=O)-; and each of R 4a and R 4b is independently hydrogen, alkyl, haloalkyl, cycloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, alkyloxyalkyl, heterocyclylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl; wherein said alkyl at each occurrence, as an independent group or a part of a group, has 1 to 18 carbon atoms; wherein said cycloalkyl at each occurrence, as an independent group or a part of a group, has 3 to 15 carbon atoms; wherein said heterocyclyl at each occurrence, as an independent group or a part of a group, is 3- to 18-membered heterocyclyl consisting of 2 to 12 carbon atoms and 1 to 6 heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur; wherein said aryl at each occurrence, as an independent group or a part of a group, has 6 to 18 carbon atoms; wherein said heteroaryl at each occurrence, as an independent group or a part of a group, is 5- to 16-membered heteroaryl having 1 to 4 heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur; and wherein said cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl in R 1, R 3, R 4, R 4a and R 4b, as an independent group or a part of a group, is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from the group consisting of alkyl and oxo, or a stereoisomer, tautomer, solvate, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. A is aryl or heteroaryl, optionally substituted with one or more R 1 groups; L is O, S, or N R 2; G is alkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl, optionally substituted with one or more R 3 groups; Z is aryl or heteroaryl, optionally substituted with one or more R 4 groups; each R 1 is independently alkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, hydroxy, halogen, haloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, alkyloxyalkyl, heterocyclylalkyl, aminoalkyl, alkylaminoalkyl, dialkylaminoalkyl, alkyloxy, amino, alkylamino, dialkylamino, carboxy, or alkylsulfonyl; R 2 is hydrogen or alkyl; each R 3 is independently hydroxy, oxo, alkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, hydroxyalkyl, alkyloxy, cycloalkyloxy, heterocyclyloxy, alkylacylamino, alkylcarbonyl, cycloalkylcarbonyl, heterocyclylcarbonyl, or alkylaminoacyl; each R 4 is independently alkyl, cyano, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, heteroaryl, oxo, haloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, alkyloxyalkyl, heterocyclylalkyl, heterocyclylcarbonyl, or R 4a R 4b NC(=O)-; and each of R 4a and R 4b is independently hydrogen, alkyl, haloalkyl, cycloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, alkyloxyalkyl, heterocyclylalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl; wherein said alkyl at each occurrence, as an independent group or a part of a group, has 1 to 18 carbon atoms; wherein said cycloalkyl at each occurrence, as an independent group or a part of a group, has 3 to 15 carbon atoms; wherein said heterocyclyl at each occurrence, as an independent group or a part of a group, is 3- to 18-membered heterocyclyl consisting of 2 to 12 carbon atoms and 1 to 6 heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur; wherein said aryl at each occurrence, as an independent group or a part of a group, has 6 to 18 carbon atoms; wherein said heteroaryl at each occurrence, as an independent group or a part of a group, is 5- to 16-membered heteroaryl having 1 to 4 heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur; and wherein said cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, or heteroaryl in R 1, R 3, R 4, R 4a and R 4b, as an independent group or a part of a group, is optionally substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from the group consisting of alkyl and oxo, or a stereoisomer, tautomer, solvate, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.