mhurhangee/ep-ind-claims huggingface dataset:
A method for producing a microfabricated reference electrode, the method comprising: - creating a reservoir, the reservoir comprising a pore, whereby the reservoir is open on one side, - providing an electrode in the reservoir, - filling the open reservoir with an electrolyte, - and thereafter closing the reservoir with a cap or sealing the reservoir by means of a droplet of glob top or epoxy thereby forming a reservoir being closed except for the pore, wherein the electrode is provided on a substrate, and that the pore is provided in the same substrate, wherein the pore is filled with electrolyte by capillary forces when the electrolyte is in contact with the reservoir upon closing of the reservoir, and wherein the ratio between the pore cross-sectional area multiplied with the diffusion coefficient of the ions in the electrolyte and the pore length multiplied with the reservoir volume (Vres) is smaller than 1: (D*A)/(L*Vres)<1/s. - creating a reservoir, the reservoir comprising a pore, whereby the reservoir is open on one side, - providing an electrode in the reservoir, - filling the open reservoir with an electrolyte, - and thereafter closing the reservoir with a cap or sealing the reservoir by means of a droplet of glob top or epoxy thereby forming a reservoir being closed except for the pore,
Semiconductor device comprising: - a substrate; - a semiconductor heterostructure arranged on the substrate, the semiconductor heterostructure comprising at least a first semiconductor layer and a second semiconductor layer arranged on the first semiconductor layer and forming an active zone in the form of a gas of electrons present at the interface between the first semiconductor layer and the second semiconductor layer; - an insulator layer arranged on the semiconductor heterostructure; - a field plate covering a part of the insulator layer; the semiconductor device being a diode or a transistor having a source electrode, a gate electrode and a drain electrode, each electrode of the transistor being in contact with the active zone and the insulator layer 207 being not located between the gate electrode and the active zone, said semiconductor device being characterized in that the insulator layer comprises a non-linear dielectric material having a permittivity that decreases as an electric field traversing the dielectric material increases, the non-linear dielectric material being a solid solution in a relaxor ferroelectric phase of PMN, PMN-PT, PLZT, PST, PSN, BNT or BZT type. - a substrate; - a semiconductor heterostructure arranged on the substrate, the semiconductor heterostructure comprising at least a first semiconductor layer and a second semiconductor layer arranged on the first semiconductor layer and forming an active zone in the form of a gas of electrons present at the interface between the first semiconductor layer and the second semiconductor layer; - an insulator layer arranged on the semiconductor heterostructure; - a field plate covering a part of the insulator layer;
A method for forming a barrier layer against the diffusion of a fill metal, comprising the steps of: a. providing a substrate comprising a dielectric material region, b. first contacting an amine-containing silane with the dielectric material region and c. second reacting a transition metal or transition metal precursor with the amine-containing silane, with the proviso that the transition metal precursor is not a manganese nitride, thereby forming a transition metal nitride. a. providing a substrate comprising a dielectric material region, b. first contacting an amine-containing silane with the dielectric material region and c. second reacting a transition metal or transition metal precursor with the amine-containing silane, with the proviso that the transition metal precursor is not a manganese nitride, thereby forming a transition metal nitride.
A vertical emitting laser device including a first mirror with at least one first mirror layer, a second mirror with at least one second mirror layer forming an optical cavity with said first mirror, and an active region between the first and the second mirror (11,12), wherein an active gain layer stack has a vertical height and comprises a semiconductor material, the active gain layer stack is structured such that it forms at least one mesa extending in a vertical direction, said vertical direction being along the vertical height of the active gain layer stack, and a transversally neighboring region at least partly surrounding said mesa, wherein at least part of said mesa has a first refractive index ( n 1) and wherein a part of the neighboring region transversally adjacent to said part of the mesa has a second refractive index ( n 2), wherein at a working temperature while the mesa is lasing, said first refractive index ( n 1) is higher than said second refractive index ( n 2), wherein said semiconductor material has a refractive index ( n 1) that decreases with increasing temperature, wherein the at least one vertically extending mesa is provided on the active gain layer stack surface, said at least one mesa forming a lasing spot region on its top surface, and a diameter in transversal direction of said mesa is chosen such that, when said laser device is pumped and lasing, transversal confinement of laser light in the active gain layer stack is increased, and said neighboring region includes at least one of: a vacuum region, a gas-filled region, and a liquid-filled region. the active gain layer stack is structured such that it forms at least one mesa extending in a vertical direction, said vertical direction being along the vertical height of the active gain layer stack, and a transversally neighboring region at least partly surrounding said mesa, wherein at least part of said mesa has a first refractive index ( n 1) and wherein a part of the neighboring region transversally adjacent to said part of the mesa has a second refractive index ( n 2), wherein at a working temperature while the mesa is lasing, said first refractive index ( n 1) is higher than said second refractive index ( n 2), wherein said semiconductor material has a refractive index ( n 1) that decreases with increasing temperature, wherein the at least one vertically extending mesa is provided on the active gain layer stack surface, said at least one mesa forming a lasing spot region on its top surface, and a diameter in transversal direction of said mesa is chosen such that, when said laser device is pumped and lasing, transversal confinement of laser light in the active gain layer stack is increased, and said neighboring region includes at least one of: a vacuum region, a gas-filled region, and a liquid-filled region.
Method for applying easily cleanable surfaces to domestic articles, characterised in that a polymer surface layer is deposited with the help of an atmospheric pressure plasma on at least a part of the surface of a domestic article, consisting of glass, enamel, glass ceramic or metal, using one or more nozzles and based on one or more precursors, wherein one of the cited precursors is hexamethyldisiloxane (HMDSO), and wherein in addition to hexamethyldisiloxane (HMDSO) a further precursor is perfluorocyclobutane (PFCB).
An edible composition comprising a fruit and/or vegetable base material and a hydrocolloid, wherein the hydrocolloid is selected from the group consisting of pectin, agar, locust bean gum, carrageenan, guar gum, tamarind gum and combinations thereof, wherein said edible composition (i) is dimensionally stable, (ii) is stable for at least 12 months at ambient conditions when maintained in a sealed package, (iii) has a moisture content of greater than 50 wt. %, (iv) has a pH of less than 4.5, (v) has a water activity of at least 0.5, (vi) is commercially sterile, (vii) is free of artificial flavors, (viii) has a solids content of greater than 10 wt. %, and (ix) does not exhibit syneresis, wherein the edible composition is contained in a sealed package, and wherein the composition has an initial bite compression force of less than 5000 grams, wherein the initial bite compression force is determined according to the method described herein. (i) is dimensionally stable, (ii) is stable for at least 12 months at ambient conditions when maintained in a sealed package, (iii) has a moisture content of greater than 50 wt. %, (iv) has a pH of less than 4.5, (v) has a water activity of at least 0.5, (vi) is commercially sterile, (vii) is free of artificial flavors, (viii) has a solids content of greater than 10 wt. %, and (ix) does not exhibit syneresis,
Snowshoe comprising: - a plate for resting on the snow and distributing a user's weight, having an upper face and a lower face (2") and a main direction of longitudinal development; - means for fixing, at least partially, the user's foot to the upper face of said plate; - a plurality of spikes, wherein said plate comprises a mobile structure adapted to make said plurality of spikes alternately available below the lower face (2") of said plate, so as to define an uphill and a downhill configuration, wherein said structure is associated with said plate by means of hinge means having an axis of rotation, characterized in that said structure has a substantially U-shape conformation and said hinge means have their axis of rotation arranged transversal with respect to said main direction of longitudinal development. - a plate for resting on the snow and distributing a user's weight, having an upper face and a lower face (2") and a main direction of longitudinal development; - means for fixing, at least partially, the user's foot to the upper face of said plate; - a plurality of spikes,
A hull cleaning system comprising: a below-waterline hull cleaning head arranged to clean an underwater portion of a hull in-situ; and a hub facility remotely located relative to the hull cleaning head; a location determining system (68, 69) including a vessel location device arranged to produce vessel positional information indicative of the location of the vessel; and the location determining system arranged to produce location information indicative of the location of the hull cleaning head relative to the hull as the hull cleaning head moves relative to the hull, and wherein the location information indicative of the location of the hull cleaning head relative to the hull and the vessel positional information are transferred to the hub facility, which operates as a central server, to produce a hull map indicative of clean portions of the hull that have been cleaned by the hull cleaning head and fouled portions of the hull that have not yet been cleaned by the hull cleaning head, the system arranged to store said hull map to the hub facility; the system arranged to provide on-line access to the hull map stored at the hub facility, the hull map usable by a hull cleaning head to enable the hull cleaning head to continue cleaning the hull at a subsequent time using the stored hull map, by cleaning portions of the hull that are identified in the hull map as fouled portions of the hull that have not yet been cleaned..
A dispenser module for storing and launching countermeasures on an aircraft, comprising a magazine formed by a plurality of cartridges adapted to each hold a countermeasure, wherein the dispenser module is adapted to be mounted in a side wall of an aircraft fuselage or aircraft pylon structure, where the dispenser module comprises a spoiler, wherein the spoiler is positioned at the front part of the dispenser module, and a hatch, wherein the hatch is positioned at the rear part of the dispenser module, where the magazine is mounted to the hatch, where the dispenser module is adapted to assume a first idle state in which the spoiler and the hatch are retracted to be flush with the side wall before a countermeasure has been launched, where the dispenser module is adapted to assume a second active state in which the spoiler and the hatch extend outwards from the side wall when a countermeasure is to be launched, and where the dispenser module is adapted to retract to the idle state when a countermeasure has been launched.
An idler wheel for use with a track chain of a vehicle that includes a plurality of track pins and bushings, the idler wheel comprising: a main body that includes a generally cylindrical configuration defining an axis of rotation, a circumferential direction and a radial direction, the main body including: a central portion disposed along the axis of rotation defining a radial extremity of the central portion, said idler wheel being characterized in that at least a first outside portion disposed along the axis of rotation includes alternating regions (244, 246) adjacent each other circumferentially having a different hardness relative to each other. a central portion disposed along the axis of rotation defining a radial extremity of the central portion, said idler wheel being characterized in that at least a first outside portion disposed along the axis of rotation includes alternating regions (244, 246) adjacent each other circumferentially having a different hardness relative to each other.
Hemiarthroplasty metatarsal implant, comprising a distal and dorsal resurfacing body for the articular head of a metatarsal, which body delimits: - on its face intended to articulate against the phalange associated with the metatarsal, a convex surface which is made of ceramic material, especially of pyrocarbon, and - on its face intended to be fixed to the metatarsal, a concave surface from which there project out at least two elements (63, 64) for immobilising the body on the head of the metatarsal. - on its face intended to articulate against the phalange associated with the metatarsal, a convex surface which is made of ceramic material, especially of pyrocarbon, and - on its face intended to be fixed to the metatarsal, a concave surface from which there project out at least two elements (63, 64) for immobilising the body on the head of the metatarsal.
A clothes dryer comprising: a rotatably disposed drum; a heat pump system including a compressor configured to compress a refrigerant and a condenser configured to condense the refrigerant; a heater configured to heat air supplied to an interior of the drum; a first temperature sensor configured to detect a temperature of air passing through the interior of the drum; a second temperature sensor configured to detect a temperature of the compressor; and characterized by a processor configured to: control an operation of the compressor based on the temperature of the air passing through the interior of the drum detected by the first temperature sensor, and control an operation of the heater based on the temperature of the compressor detected by the second temperature sensor. a rotatably disposed drum; a heat pump system including a compressor configured to compress a refrigerant and a condenser configured to condense the refrigerant; a heater configured to heat air supplied to an interior of the drum; a first temperature sensor configured to detect a temperature of air passing through the interior of the drum; a second temperature sensor configured to detect a temperature of the compressor; and characterized by a processor configured to: control an operation of the compressor based on the temperature of the air passing through the interior of the drum detected by the first temperature sensor, and control an operation of the heater based on the temperature of the compressor detected by the second temperature sensor. control an operation of the compressor based on the temperature of the air passing through the interior of the drum detected by the first temperature sensor, and control an operation of the heater based on the temperature of the compressor detected by the second temperature sensor.
A security document, comprising a multilayer structure formed by at least two layers (20, 22, 34) assembled together face to face and a near-field communication device incorporated in the thickness of the structure, characterised in that the device is in the form of a module comprising a support bearing a near-field communication antenna and a microcircuit and in that the module comprises an embrittlement zone capable of breaking during separation of at least the two layers (20, 22, 34) to cause destruction of the module.
A vertical microwave smelting furnace, comprising: a vertical furnace body having in an upper part a raw material feed port; a furnace floor member provided on a furnace bottom of the vertical furnace body; a microwave irradiation chamber that communicates with said vertical furnace body in a lower side part of said vertical furnace body, that is provided so as to widen sideways from the lower side part, and that has at least a portion of an inner wall made of a material that reflects microwaves; a smelting product take-off opening that is provided in a lower part of the microwave irradiation chamber; a microwave introduction window that is formed from a material that admits microwaves in order to introduce microwaves into said microwave irradiation chamber; and a microwave irradiation device for irradiating the interior of said microwave irradiation chamber with microwaves via said microwave introduction window, wherein said microwave irradiation chamber is adapted to reflect the microwaves at said inner wall and to focus the microwaves on said raw material and at least a part of the inner wall of said microwave irradiation chamber is lined with microwave-reflective copper or a copper alloy, stainless steel, gold-coated stainless steel, or graphite. a vertical furnace body having in an upper part a raw material feed port; a furnace floor member provided on a furnace bottom of the vertical furnace body; a microwave irradiation chamber that communicates with said vertical furnace body in a lower side part of said vertical furnace body, that is provided so as to widen sideways from the lower side part, and that has at least a portion of an inner wall made of a material that reflects microwaves; a smelting product take-off opening that is provided in a lower part of the microwave irradiation chamber; a microwave introduction window that is formed from a material that admits microwaves in order to introduce microwaves into said microwave irradiation chamber; and a microwave irradiation device for irradiating the interior of said microwave irradiation chamber with microwaves via said microwave introduction window, wherein said microwave irradiation chamber is adapted to reflect the microwaves at said inner wall and to focus the microwaves on said raw material and at least a part of the inner wall of said microwave irradiation chamber is lined with microwave-reflective copper or a copper alloy, stainless steel, gold-coated stainless steel, or graphite.
A system for avoiding rear-end collisions, which comprises a third brake light having LEDs and a control unit which is connectable to an electronic switching circuit of the vehicle and is provided with a signal receiver and a signal transmitter, characterized in that, in cooperation with a GPS antenna, an accelerator pedal encoder and the third brake light, the following functions are carried out: - when the vehicle is driving on a freeway or an expressway at a lower speed than the minimum permissible speed, the control unit receives a signal from the GPS antenna, which the control unit sends to the transmitter, and the transmitter activates the LEDs of the third brake light, so that it flashes; - when the accelerator pedal encoder recognizes, before stepping on a brake pedal, that the driver of the vehicle has abruptly withdrawn the foot from the accelerator pedal, it sends a signal to the control unit, so that the control unit in turn sends a signal to the third brake light, so that it flashes; - when there is a sudden decrease in the vehicle speed even without stepping on the brake or even when stepping on it, the control unit receives this signal of the sudden decrease from the electronic switching circuit of a multiplexing vehicle or from a ABS computer in the event of a non-existing multiplexing and sends a signal to the transmitter, so that the transmitter in turn sends a signal to the third brake light, so that it flashes. - when the vehicle is driving on a freeway or an expressway at a lower speed than the minimum permissible speed, the control unit receives a signal from the GPS antenna, which the control unit sends to the transmitter, and the transmitter activates the LEDs of the third brake light, so that it flashes; - when the accelerator pedal encoder recognizes, before stepping on a brake pedal, that the driver of the vehicle has abruptly withdrawn the foot from the accelerator pedal, it sends a signal to the control unit, so that the control unit in turn sends a signal to the third brake light, so that it flashes; - when there is a sudden decrease in the vehicle speed even without stepping on the brake or even when stepping on it, the control unit receives this signal of the sudden decrease from the electronic switching circuit of a multiplexing vehicle or from a ABS computer in the event of a non-existing multiplexing and sends a signal to the transmitter, so that the transmitter in turn sends a signal to the third brake light, so that it flashes.
A method of multi-carrier wireless transmission in a network comprising a plurality of nodes (102, 104,106, 108), the method performed by a system comprising the plurality of nodes, the method comprising: contending at a first node for each one of a plurality of subcarriers independent of contending for other subcarriers by transmitting from the first node a separate request to send, RTS, signal on each one of the plurality of subcarriers; wherein the RTS signal transmitted on each one of the plurality of subcarriers is transmitted within a portion of available bandwidth, which is less than the total bandwidth used for multiple access; and receiving at the first node one or more separate clear-to-send, CTS, signals on one or more of the plurality of subcarriers in response to the RTS signals, wherein the one or more CTS signals indicate that the first node has won contention and that a corresponding one or more subcarriers of the plurality of contended subcarriers are available for transmission, wherein the one or more CTS signals are transmitted by a second node at a known power spectral density, PSD; transmitting, from the first node, the data via the one or more of the plurality of subcarriers, receiving, at a third node a CTS signal indicating that the first node has won contention, and utilizing, at the third node, the CTS signal as a pilot for an open loop channel gain estimate. contending at a first node for each one of a plurality of subcarriers independent of contending for other subcarriers by transmitting from the first node a separate request to send, RTS, signal on each one of the plurality of subcarriers; wherein the RTS signal transmitted on each one of the plurality of subcarriers is transmitted within a portion of available bandwidth, which is less than the total bandwidth used for multiple access; and receiving at the first node one or more separate clear-to-send, CTS, signals on one or more of the plurality of subcarriers in response to the RTS signals, wherein the one or more CTS signals indicate that the first node has won contention and that a corresponding one or more subcarriers of the plurality of contended subcarriers are available for transmission, wherein the one or more CTS signals are transmitted by a second node at a known power spectral density, PSD; transmitting, from the first node, the data via the one or more of the plurality of subcarriers, receiving, at a third node a CTS signal indicating that the first node has won contention, and utilizing, at the third node, the CTS signal as a pilot for an open loop channel gain estimate.