A polymeric material having a plurality of pendant groups comprising: a first pendant group comprising a -COOH group or a salt thereof; a second pendant group comprising a poly(alkylene oxide) group, wherein the second pendant group is of the formula - -Q-(R 2 O) n R 3 wherein Q is oxy or -NR 1 - wherein R 1 is selected from hydrogen, alkyl, aryl, or aralkyl; R 2 is independently an alkylene; R 3 is an alkyl; and n is an integer greater than 1; a third pendant group comprising a silicon-containing group, wherein the third pendant group is of the formula - -Q-L 1 -Si(OR 4)(R 5) 2 wherein Q is oxy or -NR 1 - wherein R 1 is selected from hydrogen, alkyl, aryl, or aralkyl; L 1 is a first linking group comprising an alkylene or heteroalkylene; R 4 is independently hydrogen, alkyl, or part of a silicone; and each R 5 is independently hydroxyl, alkyl, perfluoroalkyl, aryl, aralkyl, alkoxy, or part of a silicone; and a fourth pendant group comprising a quaternary amino group, wherein the fourth pendant group is of the formula - -Q-L 2 -[N(R 6) 2 (R 7)] + X - wherein Q is oxy or -NR 1 - wherein R 1 is selected from hydrogen, alkyl, aryl, or aralkyl; L 2 is a second linking group comprising an alkylene or heteroalkylene; each R 6 is independently an alkyl, aryl, or aralkyl; R 7 is an alkyl; and X- is an anion. a first pendant group comprising a -COOH group or a salt thereof; a second pendant group comprising a poly(alkylene oxide) group, wherein the second pendant group is of the formula - -Q-(R 2 O) n R 3 wherein Q is oxy or -NR 1 - wherein R 1 is selected from hydrogen, alkyl, aryl, or aralkyl; R 2 is independently an alkylene; R 3 is an alkyl; and n is an integer greater than 1; Q is oxy or -NR 1 - wherein R 1 is selected from hydrogen, alkyl, aryl, or aralkyl; R 2 is independently an alkylene; R 3 is an alkyl; and n is an integer greater than 1; a third pendant group comprising a silicon-containing group, wherein the third pendant group is of the formula - -Q-L 1 -Si(OR 4)(R 5) 2 wherein Q is oxy or -NR 1 - wherein R 1 is selected from hydrogen, alkyl, aryl, or aralkyl; L 1 is a first linking group comprising an alkylene or heteroalkylene; R 4 is independently hydrogen, alkyl, or part of a silicone; and each R 5 is independently hydroxyl, alkyl, perfluoroalkyl, aryl, aralkyl, alkoxy, or part of a silicone; and Q is oxy or -NR 1 - wherein R 1 is selected from hydrogen, alkyl, aryl, or aralkyl; L 1 is a first linking group comprising an alkylene or heteroalkylene; R 4 is independently hydrogen, alkyl, or part of a silicone; and each R 5 is independently hydroxyl, alkyl, perfluoroalkyl, aryl, aralkyl, alkoxy, or part of a silicone; and a fourth pendant group comprising a quaternary amino group, wherein the fourth pendant group is of the formula - -Q-L 2 -[N(R 6) 2 (R 7)] + X - wherein Q is oxy or -NR 1 - wherein R 1 is selected from hydrogen, alkyl, aryl, or aralkyl; L 2 is a second linking group comprising an alkylene or heteroalkylene; each R 6 is independently an alkyl, aryl, or aralkyl; R 7 is an alkyl; and X- is an anion. Q is oxy or -NR 1 - wherein R 1 is selected from hydrogen, alkyl, aryl, or aralkyl; L 2 is a second linking group comprising an alkylene or heteroalkylene; each R 6 is independently an alkyl, aryl, or aralkyl; R 7 is an alkyl; and X- is an anion.