Wayside train hot bearing detection system, comprising an upstream wheel detector and a downstream wheel detector arranged at a railway track, both connected to a wheel detectors management group which comprises a first wheel detectors management unit, and a plurality of temperature IR detectors connected to the first wheel detectors management unit, characterized in that: the system further comprises a first synchronization wheel detector and a second synchronization wheel detector arranged at the railway track between the upstream wheel detector and the downstream wheel detector; the wheel detectors management group further comprises a second wheel detectors management unit; characterised in that: the first synchronization wheel detector is connected to the first wheel detectors management unit, the second synchronization wheel detector is connected to the second wheel detectors management unit, and the upstream wheel detector and the downstream wheel detector are connected to both the first wheel detectors management unit and the second wheel detectors management unit; and the first wheel detectors management unit and the second wheel detectors management unit are both configured for sending activation signals whenever they receive detection signals from the upstream wheel detector or the downstream wheel detector, and for sending synchronization signals whenever they receive detection signals from the first synchronization wheel detector and the second synchronization wheel detector, respectively. the system further comprises a first synchronization wheel detector and a second synchronization wheel detector arranged at the railway track between the upstream wheel detector and the downstream wheel detector; the wheel detectors management group further comprises a second wheel detectors management unit; characterised in that: the first synchronization wheel detector is connected to the first wheel detectors management unit, the second synchronization wheel detector is connected to the second wheel detectors management unit, and the upstream wheel detector and the downstream wheel detector are connected to both the first wheel detectors management unit and the second wheel detectors management unit; and the first wheel detectors management unit and the second wheel detectors management unit are both configured for sending activation signals whenever they receive detection signals from the upstream wheel detector or the downstream wheel detector, and for sending synchronization signals whenever they receive detection signals from the first synchronization wheel detector and the second synchronization wheel detector, respectively. the first synchronization wheel detector is connected to the first wheel detectors management unit, the second synchronization wheel detector is connected to the second wheel detectors management unit, and the upstream wheel detector and the downstream wheel detector are connected to both the first wheel detectors management unit and the second wheel detectors management unit; and the first wheel detectors management unit and the second wheel detectors management unit are both configured for sending activation signals whenever they receive detection signals from the upstream wheel detector or the downstream wheel detector, and for sending synchronization signals whenever they receive detection signals from the first synchronization wheel detector and the second synchronization wheel detector, respectively.