A real-time polymerase chain reaction monitoring apparatus, comprising: a polarization converter for converting an excitation light, generated from a light source, into an excitation light with the polarization component capable of passing through a first polarizer; a condensing lens for condensing the excitation light converted by the polarization converter; a light tunnel for converting and transferring the polarized excitation light condensed by the condensing lens into a uniform surface light; a first band pass filter for allowing the polarized excitation light with a specific frequency of the surface light transferred from the light tunnel that is matched with excitation properties of a fluorescent probe, to pass therethrough; the first polarizer for polarizing the excitation light with a specific frequency passed through the first band pass filter; a polarizing beam splitter for separating the polarized light with a specific frequency passed through first polarizer; a surface mirror for transferring the polarized light divided from the polarizing beam splitter to a sample, and reflecting the fluorescence generated from the sample to transfer the fluorescence to the polarizing beam splitter; a second polarizer for polarizing the fluorescence so that the fluorescence reflected by the surface mirror has the opposite component to the polarized light transferred to the polarizing beam splitter and converted by the first polarizer; a second band pass filter for allowing a fluorescence with a specific frequency of the polarized fluorescence transferred from the second polarizer that is matched with an emitting property of the fluorescent probe, to pass therethrough; and a fluorescence detecting lens for receiving the fluorescence passed through the second band pass filter. a polarization converter for converting an excitation light, generated from a light source, into an excitation light with the polarization component capable of passing through a first polarizer; a condensing lens for condensing the excitation light converted by the polarization converter; a light tunnel for converting and transferring the polarized excitation light condensed by the condensing lens into a uniform surface light; a first band pass filter for allowing the polarized excitation light with a specific frequency of the surface light transferred from the light tunnel that is matched with excitation properties of a fluorescent probe, to pass therethrough; the first polarizer for polarizing the excitation light with a specific frequency passed through the first band pass filter; a polarizing beam splitter for separating the polarized light with a specific frequency passed through first polarizer; a surface mirror for transferring the polarized light divided from the polarizing beam splitter to a sample, and reflecting the fluorescence generated from the sample to transfer the fluorescence to the polarizing beam splitter; a second polarizer for polarizing the fluorescence so that the fluorescence reflected by the surface mirror has the opposite component to the polarized light transferred to the polarizing beam splitter and converted by the first polarizer; a second band pass filter for allowing a fluorescence with a specific frequency of the polarized fluorescence transferred from the second polarizer that is matched with an emitting property of the fluorescent probe, to pass therethrough; and a fluorescence detecting lens for receiving the fluorescence passed through the second band pass filter.