A radio resource adjustment method, comprising: receiving, by an optimization processing device, a network quality optimization request sent by a path planning device, wherein the network quality optimization request carries a travel path and an estimated moment corresponding to a target location on the travel path through which a mobile terminal passes; matching, by the optimization processing device, the travel path with a coverage area of a base station, to determine a base station set to which a signal covering the travel path belongs, wherein the base station set comprises at least one target base station; generating, by the optimization processing device, an optimization policy based on the base station set and the estimated moment, wherein the optimization policy comprises configuration information for configuring a radio resource of the target base station in the base station set based on a corresponding estimated moment, wherein the configuration information includes at least one of a beam width of a base station antenna, a tilt angle of the base station antenna, and a direction of the base station antenna; and sending, by the optimization processing device, an adjustment command to a network element management device based on the optimization policy, so that the network element management device is able to instruct, based on the adjustment command, the target base station in the base station set to adjust allocation of the radio resource at the estimated moment, wherein the optimization policy comprises a correspondence between the travel path and configuration information corresponding to the travel path, and the method further comprises: receiving, by the optimization processing device, a travel path cancellation request sent by the path planning device, wherein the travel path cancellation request comprises information about a target travel path; and deleting, by the optimization processing device, target configuration information for the target travel path from the optimization policy based on the correspondence. receiving, by an optimization processing device, a network quality optimization request sent by a path planning device, wherein the network quality optimization request carries a travel path and an estimated moment corresponding to a target location on the travel path through which a mobile terminal passes; matching, by the optimization processing device, the travel path with a coverage area of a base station, to determine a base station set to which a signal covering the travel path belongs, wherein the base station set comprises at least one target base station; generating, by the optimization processing device, an optimization policy based on the base station set and the estimated moment, wherein the optimization policy comprises configuration information for configuring a radio resource of the target base station in the base station set based on a corresponding estimated moment, wherein the configuration information includes at least one of a beam width of a base station antenna, a tilt angle of the base station antenna, and a direction of the base station antenna; and sending, by the optimization processing device, an adjustment command to a network element management device based on the optimization policy, so that the network element management device is able to instruct, based on the adjustment command, the target base station in the base station set to adjust allocation of the radio resource at the estimated moment, wherein the optimization policy comprises a correspondence between the travel path and configuration information corresponding to the travel path, and the method further comprises: receiving, by the optimization processing device, a travel path cancellation request sent by the path planning device, wherein the travel path cancellation request comprises information about a target travel path; and deleting, by the optimization processing device, target configuration information for the target travel path from the optimization policy based on the correspondence. receiving, by the optimization processing device, a travel path cancellation request sent by the path planning device, wherein the travel path cancellation request comprises information about a target travel path; and deleting, by the optimization processing device, target configuration information for the target travel path from the optimization policy based on the correspondence.