An antenna allocation method, comprising: acquiring location information of a terminal; determining, according to the location information, a reference quantity of antennas that are at a transmit end and used to send data to the terminal; determining whether a transmission performance difference is less than a preset transmission performance threshold, wherein the transmission performance difference is a difference between transmission performance of the terminal that is based on antennas of the reference quantity and transmission performance of the terminal that is based on all antennas at the transmit end; when the transmission performance difference is not less than the preset transmission performance threshold, increasing the reference quantity, and performing again the step of determining whether a transmission performance difference is less than a preset transmission performance threshold, until the transmission performance difference is less than the preset transmission performance threshold; and when the transmission performance difference is less than the preset transmission performance threshold, decreasing the reference quantity; determining whether a transmission performance difference obtained after the reference quantity is decreased is less than the preset transmission performance threshold; when the transmission performance difference obtained after the reference quantity is decreased is not less than the preset transmission performance threshold, performing again the step of increasing the reference quantity; and when the transmission performance difference obtained after the reference quantity is decreased is less than the preset transmission performance threshold, determining whether a decrement of the reference quantity is less than a preset value; and when the decrement of the reference quantity is not less than the preset value, performing again the step of decreasing the reference quantity, until the decrement of the reference quantity is less than the preset value; and when the decrement of the reference quantity is less than the preset value, determining the decreased reference quantity as an target quantity; and allocating, at the transmit end, antennas of the target quantity to the terminal. acquiring location information of a terminal; determining, according to the location information, a reference quantity of antennas that are at a transmit end and used to send data to the terminal; determining whether a transmission performance difference is less than a preset transmission performance threshold, wherein the transmission performance difference is a difference between transmission performance of the terminal that is based on antennas of the reference quantity and transmission performance of the terminal that is based on all antennas at the transmit end; when the transmission performance difference is not less than the preset transmission performance threshold, increasing the reference quantity, and performing again the step of determining whether a transmission performance difference is less than a preset transmission performance threshold, until the transmission performance difference is less than the preset transmission performance threshold; and when the transmission performance difference is less than the preset transmission performance threshold, decreasing the reference quantity; determining whether a transmission performance difference obtained after the reference quantity is decreased is less than the preset transmission performance threshold; when the transmission performance difference obtained after the reference quantity is decreased is not less than the preset transmission performance threshold, performing again the step of increasing the reference quantity; and when the transmission performance difference obtained after the reference quantity is decreased is less than the preset transmission performance threshold, determining whether a decrement of the reference quantity is less than a preset value; and when the decrement of the reference quantity is not less than the preset value, performing again the step of decreasing the reference quantity, until the decrement of the reference quantity is less than the preset value; and when the decrement of the reference quantity is less than the preset value, determining the decreased reference quantity as an target quantity; and allocating, at the transmit end, antennas of the target quantity to the terminal.