mhurhangee/ep-ind-claims huggingface dataset:
A method of forming a semiconductor device structure, comprising: forming a stack structure over a substrate, the stack structure comprising tiers each independently comprising a sacrificial structure comprising silicon nitride and an insulating structure comprising silicon dioxide vertically adjacent the sacrificial structure and being substantially planar; forming a masking structure on a portion of an upper surface of the stack structure; forming a photoresist over the masking structure and over additional portions of the stack structure not covered by the masking structure, the photoresist exhibiting a substantially planar upper surface; and subjecting the photoresist and the stack structure to a series of material removal processes to selectively remove portions of the photoresist and to remove portions of the stack structure using the masking structure and remaining portions of the photoresist not overlying the masking structure as etching masks to form a stair step structure comprising a lowermost step laterally adjacent the masking structure and, after removing the remaining portions of the masking structure and the photoresist, a portion of the insulating structure of an uppermost tier of the stack structure defining an upper surface of an uppermost step. forming a stack structure over a substrate, the stack structure comprising tiers each independently comprising a sacrificial structure comprising silicon nitride and an insulating structure comprising silicon dioxide vertically adjacent the sacrificial structure and being substantially planar; forming a masking structure on a portion of an upper surface of the stack structure; forming a photoresist over the masking structure and over additional portions of the stack structure not covered by the masking structure, the photoresist exhibiting a substantially planar upper surface; and subjecting the photoresist and the stack structure to a series of material removal processes to selectively remove portions of the photoresist and to remove portions of the stack structure using the masking structure and remaining portions of the photoresist not overlying the masking structure as etching masks to form a stair step structure comprising a lowermost step laterally adjacent the masking structure and, after removing the remaining portions of the masking structure and the photoresist, a portion of the insulating structure of an uppermost tier of the stack structure defining an upper surface of an uppermost step.
Paper containing scalenoedric precipitated calcium carbonate (s-PCC) having a particle size distribution for which D 4,3 D 90 × 100 ≥ 59 and the average D 4.3 particle size is in the range from 1.5 to 5.0 μm.
A current sensing circuit for sensing an intermittent current (I HF) having a zero current period, the circuit including: - an amperometric transformer having a primary winding for said current (I HF) to flow therethrough and a secondary winding, - a sensing resistor connected across the terminals of the secondary winding of the transformer, - an offset capacitor coupled with said sensing resistor at one of the terminals of the secondary winding of the transformer, and - a switch element acting across the RC network formed by said sensing resistor and said offset capacitor, characterised in that said offset capacitor is connectable to ground with said offset capacitor set between said sensing resistor and ground, and said switch element is configured to be electrically conductive during said zero current period or a fraction thereof. - an amperometric transformer having a primary winding for said current (I HF) to flow therethrough and a secondary winding, - a sensing resistor connected across the terminals of the secondary winding of the transformer, - an offset capacitor coupled with said sensing resistor at one of the terminals of the secondary winding of the transformer, and - a switch element acting across the RC network formed by said sensing resistor and said offset capacitor,
An active positioning system for positioning at least one mobile device by utilizing radio frequency technology, the active positioning system comprising at least one stationary fixed base station, and an electronics unit of the base station, which base station comprises at least one antenna (102, 104) for transmitting signals comprising at least position information of the base station to at least one mobile device, which position information of the transmitted signals comprises information on an effect area of the antennas (102, 104) by using certain transmit power, which effect area of the antennas is dividable on two or more sections based on power measurement, calculation and/or judging, wherein the active positioning system comprises as the mobile device a TAG, which is fixed to the user or application of the TAG, an electronics unit of the base station, at least two directional antennas (102, 104) at close distance to each other directed to different sections of a controlled area to divide the controlled area to sections and to transmit additional information signals comprising antenna specific limit and control values to the mobile device i.e. the TAG in addition to transmitting signals comprising position information, and the electronics unit comprises at least one RF switch available to each of the directional antennas which are connected to one or more power amplifier, an isolation arrangement for disconnecting one or more of the antennas (102, 104) electrically so that said antenna or more of them (102, 104) become a high impedance object in respect to one or more other antennas, and said TAG comprises at least one antenna to receive signals transmitted by antennas of the base station, and the TAG comprises at least one electronics unit for receiving signals and measuring a RSSI (Received Signal Strength Information) value and for processing the TAG's position by using additional information signals received at the same time, and the TAG comprises said at least one antenna to transmit at least one of the formed measurement signals and information signals to the base station to receive said transmitted at least one signal of the formed measurement signals and information signals, and the active positioning system comprises control means to control transmit power of said at least one antenna (102, 104) based on at least one signal of the formed measurement signals and information signals received at least by the base station for performing information processing of the mobile device position at least based on transmit power level.
A method for managing a power steering comprising at least one steering wheel and at least one assist motor, said method being characterized in that it comprises a driver torque control step (b), comprising measuring the effective driver torque (C cond) which is actually exerted, at the considered instant, by the driver on the steering wheel, and then comparing said effective driver torque (C cond) to a predetermined driver torque setpoint (C cond_réf) in order to assess a driver torque deviation (ΔC cond) which corresponds to the difference between the effective driver torque (C cond) and said driver torque setpoint (C cond_réf), and then determining, from this driver torque deviation, a motor torque setpoint (C mot_réf) intended to be applied to the assist motor in order to reduce said driver torque deviation, and in that the driver torque setpoint (C cond_réf) which is used during the driver torque control step (b) is generated during a path control step (a) that comprises measuring the effective value (θ) of at least one parameter called « path parameter », which is representative of the effective path of the vehicle, and then comparing this path parameter (θ) to a path setpoint (θ réf), which is predetermined depending on a reference path that the vehicle is desired to follow automatically, in order to assess a path deviation (Δθ) which corresponds to the difference between said path setpoint (θ réf) and the effective value of the path parameter (θ), and then determining, from this path deviation (Δθ), a driver torque setpoint (C cond_réf) intended to reduce said path deviation.
A method for subdividing at least one cooking space (3, 3') of a cooking device (1, 1') into multiple zones (13, 15, 17, 19, 13', 15', 17', 19'), wherein microwave radiation produced by at least one microwave source is introduced into the cooking space (3, 3') by means of at least one feeder device (21, 23, 25, 27, 21', 23', 25', 27'), wherein in order to subdivide the cooking space (3, 3') into at least two zones (13, 15, 17, 19, 13', 15', 17', 19') at least two feeder devices (23, 23') are combined in a first zone (15, 15') to form at least one first group, the feeder devices (23, 23') of the first group are supplied with a common first microwave signal, wherein the feeder devices (23, 23') in the first zone (15, 15') are controlled with a phase-shifted microwave signal and/or with different amplitudes, so that predetermined cavity modes are configured in the first zone (15, 15') by the microwaves radiated by the feeder devices (23, 23') of the first group into the cooking space (3, 3'), wherein the predetermined cavity modes are selected such that they substantially extend outside at least one second zone (13, 13', 17, 17', 19, 19') arranged adjacent to the first zone (15, 15') and a radiation of microwave radiation into the adjacent second zone (13, 13', 17, 17', 19, 19') is minimised, characterised in that a substantially missing extension of the cavity modes into the second zone (13, 13', 17, 17', 19, 19') is identified by means of microwave radiation coupled into and/or fed back into individual feeder devices (21, 23, 25, 27, 21', 23', 25', 27') of the first group.
A method, comprising: calculating an expected throughput for each of a plurality of different codebook sizes given one or more measured characteristics of a wireless communication channel between a first communication device and a second communication device, wherein each of the plurality of different codebook sizes corresponds to a different number of precoding matrices; selecting a codebook size from the plurality of different codebook sizes using the expected throughput for each of the plurality of different codebook sizes given the one or more measured characteristics of the wireless communication channel, wherein a codebook of the selected codebook size includes precoding matrices for precoding signals that are to be wirelessly transmitted; selecting, based on matrix selection criteria, a precoding matrix corresponding to the codebook of the selected codebook size; and transmitting an indicator of the selected precoding matrix to the second communication device. calculating an expected throughput for each of a plurality of different codebook sizes given one or more measured characteristics of a wireless communication channel between a first communication device and a second communication device, wherein each of the plurality of different codebook sizes corresponds to a different number of precoding matrices; selecting a codebook size from the plurality of different codebook sizes using the expected throughput for each of the plurality of different codebook sizes given the one or more measured characteristics of the wireless communication channel, wherein a codebook of the selected codebook size includes precoding matrices for precoding signals that are to be wirelessly transmitted; selecting, based on matrix selection criteria, a precoding matrix corresponding to the codebook of the selected codebook size; and transmitting an indicator of the selected precoding matrix to the second communication device.
Device for integrating electric devices into a system in the context of demand-side management, characterised in that it comprises at least one switching unit that switches the electric current to the corresponding electric device on or off, at least one demand determination unit that determines the energy demand of the corresponding electric device to be expected within a defined time interval, and at least one control unit which is in data-transmitting contact with the switching unit and which can receive control signals from an external control point and can preferably also transmit same, wherein each switching unit switches the corresponding electric device on after receiving an ON-signal from the said control unit that is destined for it.
A sound attenuating building material (10; 110), comprising: a core matrix (14; 114) disposed on a facing material (34; 134), the core matrix (14; 114) comprising: a plurality of microspheres; wherein the microspheres have an outer shell and a hollow interior filled with a gas; and a sodium silicate binder configured to support the microspheres; in mounting position an acoustically transparent material disposed on the exposed face (18; 118) of the building material (10; 110); and wherein the acoustically transparent material is a mesh material; wherein the building material (10; 110) is configured to increase sound attenuation. a plurality of microspheres; wherein the microspheres have an outer shell and a hollow interior filled with a gas; and a sodium silicate binder configured to support the microspheres; in mounting position an acoustically transparent material disposed on the exposed face (18; 118) of the building material (10; 110); and wherein the acoustically transparent material is a mesh material; wherein the building material (10; 110) is configured to increase sound attenuation.
Parking lock actuation system for an automatic gearbox of a vehicle, having a closed state in which a piston rod of a hydraulic cylinder is in a first position urging a locking pawl to block a gear of the automatic gearbox, and an open state in which the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is in a second position preventing the locking pawl from engaging the gear of the automatic gearbox, the parking lock actuation system further comprising: a first hydraulic valve that connects a first hydraulic line, a pressure source and a non-pressurized reservoir, and a second hydraulic valve that connects a first volume of the hydraulic cylinder, the first hydraulic line and a non-pressurized reservoir, characterized in that the first hydraulic valve is a three-way, 2-position valve; the second hydraulic valve is a three-way, 2-position valve; the first hydraulic valve comprises an electrical actuator; and the first hydraulic valve is adapted such that in each defined position, an interruption of electricity supply does not result in any movement of the valve. a first hydraulic valve that connects a first hydraulic line, a pressure source and a non-pressurized reservoir, and a second hydraulic valve that connects a first volume of the hydraulic cylinder, the first hydraulic line and a non-pressurized reservoir, characterized in that the first hydraulic valve is a three-way, 2-position valve; the second hydraulic valve is a three-way, 2-position valve; the first hydraulic valve comprises an electrical actuator; and the first hydraulic valve is adapted such that in each defined position, an interruption of electricity supply does not result in any movement of the valve.
A method of controlling combustion of fuel in a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine, comprising - determining a cumulative heat release from combustion of fuel over the crank angle range (θ 1 - θ 2) during which combustion of fuel is taken place in one combustion cycle in each one of the cylinders of the engine, during successive combustion cycles in a cylinder of the engine, characterized by - determining a mean gross heat release rate (Q') from combustion of fuel by providing a Least Square Regression Line to the cumulative heat release and defining a slope of the Least Square Regression Line which stands for the mean gross heat release rate (Q'), during successive combustion cycles in the cylinder of the engine, - providing cylinder specific mean gross heat release values of successive combustion cycles in each one of the cylinders of the engine and calculating an average value of the cylinder specific mean gross heat release values, and using the average value as a feedback to control the amount of air involved in the combustion process in all of the cylinders of the engine. - determining a cumulative heat release from combustion of fuel over the crank angle range (θ 1 - θ 2) during which combustion of fuel is taken place in one combustion cycle in each one of the cylinders of the engine, during successive combustion cycles in a cylinder of the engine, characterized by - determining a mean gross heat release rate (Q') from combustion of fuel by providing a Least Square Regression Line to the cumulative heat release and defining a slope of the Least Square Regression Line which stands for the mean gross heat release rate (Q'), during successive combustion cycles in the cylinder of the engine, - providing cylinder specific mean gross heat release values of successive combustion cycles in each one of the cylinders of the engine and calculating an average value of the cylinder specific mean gross heat release values, and using the average value as a feedback to control the amount of air involved in the combustion process in all of the cylinders of the engine.
Claim Amendments 1. A trawl sensor device for monitoring the distance of trawl doors and a trawl to the seabed during trawling operations, comprising: - at least one acoustic transmitter and receiver, characterised in the transmitter being adapted to be positioned such that an acoustic signal is transmitted towards the seabed from at least one position on the trawl door at a known forward-pointing angle; the receiver receiving the acoustic signal reflected from the seabed in at the least one position; the sensor device further comprising - a processor unit adapted to calculate the distance travelled by the acoustic signal from the received acoustic signal; and further calculating the distance between the bottom edge of the trawl door and the sea bed from the distance travelled by the acoustic signal and the known forward pointing angle using trigonometry; and - means for communication between the sensor device and a vessel. - at least one acoustic transmitter and receiver, characterised in the transmitter being adapted to be positioned such that an acoustic signal is transmitted towards the seabed from at least one position on the trawl door at a known forward-pointing angle; the receiver receiving the acoustic signal reflected from the seabed in at the least one position; the sensor device further comprising characterised in the transmitter being adapted to be positioned such that an acoustic signal is transmitted towards the seabed from at least one position on the trawl door at a known forward-pointing angle; the receiver receiving the acoustic signal reflected from the seabed in at the least one position; the sensor device further comprising - a processor unit adapted to calculate the distance travelled by the acoustic signal from the received acoustic signal; and further calculating the distance between the bottom edge of the trawl door and the sea bed from the distance travelled by the acoustic signal and the known forward pointing angle using trigonometry; and - means for communication between the sensor device and a vessel.
A device for mimicking the light emissions of a light emitting insect or other animal comprising: a. a solar energy collector for capturing light-wave energy and generating electrical energy; b. an electrical battery for storing electrical energy, the battery coupled with the solar energy collector; c. a dual purpose light emitting diode for emitting light upon receipt of electrical current from a battery; and d. a control logic comprising a voltmeter and a voltage source, the control logic coupled with the battery and the dual purpose light emitting diode and for controlling a time sequence of electrical current to the dual purpose light emitting diode, characterised in that; the dual purpose light emitting diode is coupled with both the battery and the control logic; and the dual purpose light emitting diode is applied as both of: an ambient light detector, in combination with the voltmeter and the voltage source, and as a light emitter. a. a solar energy collector for capturing light-wave energy and generating electrical energy; b. an electrical battery for storing electrical energy, the battery coupled with the solar energy collector; c. a dual purpose light emitting diode for emitting light upon receipt of electrical current from a battery; and d. a control logic comprising a voltmeter and a voltage source, the control logic coupled with the battery and the dual purpose light emitting diode and for controlling a time sequence of electrical current to the dual purpose light emitting diode, characterised in that; the dual purpose light emitting diode is coupled with both the battery and the control logic; and the dual purpose light emitting diode is applied as both of: an ambient light detector, in combination with the voltmeter and the voltage source, and as a light emitter. an ambient light detector, in combination with the voltmeter and the voltage source, and as a light emitter.
A planar flexbeam unit (1, 40) as interface between a rotor shaft and a multi-blade rotor, especially for a multi-blade main rotor of a helicopter, comprises 4 or more essentially planar torque arms (3 - 7, 41 - 46), each torque arm (3 - 7, 41 - 46) having a concave profile along its radial extension and being integral with its adjacent torque arms (3 - 7, 41 - 46), each of said torque arms (3 - 7, 41 - 46) comprising two bundles (10 - 14) of straight, essentially uni-directional fibers agglomerated by a hardened synthetic resin and arranged along the concave profile along its radial extension, each of said bundles passing essentially symmetrical with regard to a respective radial axis of one of said torque arms (3 - 7, 41 - 46) from said respective torque arm (3 - 7, 41 - 46) into two essentially opposed torque arms (3 - 7, 41 - 46) with an essentially constant curvature, characterized in that a power transmission element is provided for transmitting power from said rotor shaft to said multi blade rotor, said power transmission element being flexible about any axis perpendicular to the rotor shaft and said power transmission element being provided with rods (21 - 25), said rods (21 - 25) being composed of two upper bending plates and two lower bending plates and being respectively articulated with a first end, by means of inner bolts (30, 31), -to an upper flange of an inner ring at said rotor shaft and to a lower flange of the inner ring at said rotor shaft, and with a second end, by means of an outer bolt, to the center between said torque arms (3 - 7, 41 - 46), and wherein the bending lates are essentially parallel to each other and parallel to the planar flexbeam unit (1, 40), the planar flexbeam unit (1, 40) being arranged between the upper bending plates and the lower bending plates.