A computer-implemented method comprising estimating an earth response by: deconvolving a continuously or near-continuously emitted multi-dimensional source wavefield from continuously or near-continuously recorded seismic data recorded at a receiver position, wherein the deconvolution comprises spreading the recorded seismic data across a plurality of source emission angles (543, 651, 705), and wherein a result of the deconvolution is used as the earth response estimate; wherein the estimating an earth response is characterized by extracting a first set of coherent signals from the earth response estimate, wherein the extracted set of coherent signals is used as an additional earth response estimate; and iteratively (654, 869): determining a contribution of the additional earth response estimate to the recorded seismic data at the receiver position; generating remaining seismic data by subtracting the contribution from the recorded seismic data; generating a different deconvolution result by deconvolving the multi-dimensional source wavefield from the remaining seismic data while spreading the remaining seismic data across another plurality of source emission angles; extracting a different set of coherent signals from the different deconvolution result; and adding the different set of coherent signals to the additional earth response estimate. deconvolving a continuously or near-continuously emitted multi-dimensional source wavefield from continuously or near-continuously recorded seismic data recorded at a receiver position, wherein the deconvolution comprises spreading the recorded seismic data across a plurality of source emission angles (543, 651, 705), and wherein a result of the deconvolution is used as the earth response estimate; wherein the estimating an earth response is characterized by extracting a first set of coherent signals from the earth response estimate, wherein the extracted set of coherent signals is used as an additional earth response estimate; and iteratively (654, 869): determining a contribution of the additional earth response estimate to the recorded seismic data at the receiver position; generating remaining seismic data by subtracting the contribution from the recorded seismic data; generating a different deconvolution result by deconvolving the multi-dimensional source wavefield from the remaining seismic data while spreading the remaining seismic data across another plurality of source emission angles; extracting a different set of coherent signals from the different deconvolution result; and adding the different set of coherent signals to the additional earth response estimate. determining a contribution of the additional earth response estimate to the recorded seismic data at the receiver position; generating remaining seismic data by subtracting the contribution from the recorded seismic data; generating a different deconvolution result by deconvolving the multi-dimensional source wavefield from the remaining seismic data while spreading the remaining seismic data across another plurality of source emission angles; extracting a different set of coherent signals from the different deconvolution result; and adding the different set of coherent signals to the additional earth response estimate.