A method of determining the presence of one or more glycans in a sample comprising the steps of: (a) incubating the sample with (i) a first flag molecule comprising a nucleotide sugar and a first reactive molecule of a reaction pair and (ii) a first glycan specific transferase, wherein the first flag molecule is a substrate for the first glycan specific transferase; wherein the first flag molecule is incorporated onto a glycan-modified glycoprotein in the sample, and wherein the sample is selected from the group consisting of a tissue, a cell, a fixed cell, a live cell, and cell lysates; (b) admixing the sample with a first reporter molecule comprising (i) a second reactive molecule of the reaction pair and (ii) a first reporter oligonucleotide comprising a first glycan motif-specific reporter barcode sequence, wherein the second reactive molecule of the reaction pair couples to the first reactive molecule of the reaction pair, whereby the first reporter molecule is conjugated to the glycan-modified glycoprotein via the first flag molecule; (c) removing unincorporated reporter molecules from the sample; (d) partitioning the sample into a plurality of partitions such that a partition comprises (i) a single cell or single cell lysate from the sample and (ii) a plurality of nucleic acid barcode molecules comprising a partition-specific barcode sequence; (e) using the first reporter oligonucleotide and a nucleic acid barcode molecule of the plurality of nucleic acid barcode molecules to generate a first glycan barcoded nucleic acid molecule comprising the partition-specific barcode sequence or a complementary sequence thereof and the first glycan motif-specific reporter barcode sequence or complementary sequence thereof; (f) determining the sequence of the first glycan barcoded nucleic acid molecule or derivative thereof to identify (i) the partition-specific barcode sequence or complementary sequence thereof and (ii) the first glycan motif-specific reporter barcode sequence or complementary sequence thereof; and (g) using the identified partition-specific barcode sequence or complementary sequence thereof and the identified first glycan motif-specific reporter barcode sequence or complementary sequence thereof to determine the presence and/or abundance of at least one glycan in the sample. (a) incubating the sample with (i) a first flag molecule comprising a nucleotide sugar and a first reactive molecule of a reaction pair and (ii) a first glycan specific transferase, wherein the first flag molecule is a substrate for the first glycan specific transferase; wherein the first flag molecule is incorporated onto a glycan-modified glycoprotein in the sample, and wherein the sample is selected from the group consisting of a tissue, a cell, a fixed cell, a live cell, and cell lysates; wherein the first flag molecule is a substrate for the first glycan specific transferase; wherein the first flag molecule is incorporated onto a glycan-modified glycoprotein in the sample, and wherein the sample is selected from the group consisting of a tissue, a cell, a fixed cell, a live cell, and cell lysates; (b) admixing the sample with a first reporter molecule comprising (i) a second reactive molecule of the reaction pair and (ii) a first reporter oligonucleotide comprising a first glycan motif-specific reporter barcode sequence, wherein the second reactive molecule of the reaction pair couples to the first reactive molecule of the reaction pair, whereby the first reporter molecule is conjugated to the glycan-modified glycoprotein via the first flag molecule; (c) removing unincorporated reporter molecules from the sample; (d) partitioning the sample into a plurality of partitions such that a partition comprises (i) a single cell or single cell lysate from the sample and (ii) a plurality of nucleic acid barcode molecules comprising a partition-specific barcode sequence; (e) using the first reporter oligonucleotide and a nucleic acid barcode molecule of the plurality of nucleic acid barcode molecules to generate a first glycan barcoded nucleic acid molecule comprising the partition-specific barcode sequence or a complementary sequence thereof and the first glycan motif-specific reporter barcode sequence or complementary sequence thereof; (f) determining the sequence of the first glycan barcoded nucleic acid molecule or derivative thereof to identify (i) the partition-specific barcode sequence or complementary sequence thereof and (ii) the first glycan motif-specific reporter barcode sequence or complementary sequence thereof; and (g) using the identified partition-specific barcode sequence or complementary sequence thereof and the identified first glycan motif-specific reporter barcode sequence or complementary sequence thereof to determine the presence and/or abundance of at least one glycan in the sample.