A medical wireless power supply system comprising: a trocar (211,221); a plurality of medical instruments (11,71,81,161,311) including a cylindrical insertion portion (13,73,83,163) insertable into an insertion hole (212,222) of the trocar (211,221); a plurality of power transmission coils (214M, 214N, 224M, 224N) provided in a state in which at least a part thereof is covered with a nonconductive member in the vicinity of the insertion hole (212,222) of the trocar (211,221); a plurality of power transmission coil units provided in the trocar (211,221), the power transmission coil units each including a respective one of the plurality of power transmission coils (214M, 214N, 224M, 224N) and configured to be capable of transmitting electric power supplied from the trocar (211,221) to the medical instruments (11,71,81,161,311) by respectively resonating at predetermined resonance frequencies differing from each other; a power reception coil (17,77,87,167) in each of the plurality of medical instruments (11,71,81,161,311) provided in a state in which at least a part thereof is covered with a nonconductive member on an inside of the insertion portion (13,73,83,163); and a power reception coil unit provided in each of the medical instruments (11,71,81,161,311), each power reception coil unit including the power reception coil (17,77,87,167) and configured to be capable of receiving electric power transmitted from the trocar (211,221) by resonating at a predetermined resonance frequency that coincides with a respective one of the predetermined resonance frequencies of the plurality of power transmission coil units. a trocar (211,221); a plurality of medical instruments (11,71,81,161,311) including a cylindrical insertion portion (13,73,83,163) insertable into an insertion hole (212,222) of the trocar (211,221); a plurality of power transmission coils (214M, 214N, 224M, 224N) provided in a state in which at least a part thereof is covered with a nonconductive member in the vicinity of the insertion hole (212,222) of the trocar (211,221); a plurality of power transmission coil units provided in the trocar (211,221), the power transmission coil units each including a respective one of the plurality of power transmission coils (214M, 214N, 224M, 224N) and configured to be capable of transmitting electric power supplied from the trocar (211,221) to the medical instruments (11,71,81,161,311) by respectively resonating at predetermined resonance frequencies differing from each other; a power reception coil (17,77,87,167) in each of the plurality of medical instruments (11,71,81,161,311) provided in a state in which at least a part thereof is covered with a nonconductive member on an inside of the insertion portion (13,73,83,163); and a power reception coil unit provided in each of the medical instruments (11,71,81,161,311), each power reception coil unit including the power reception coil (17,77,87,167) and configured to be capable of receiving electric power transmitted from the trocar (211,221) by resonating at a predetermined resonance frequency that coincides with a respective one of the predetermined resonance frequencies of the plurality of power transmission coil units.