A method for random access, comprising: acquiring, by a terminal device, a first frequency information through a cell search; acquiring, by the terminal device, a first frequency band supported by a network device through a system broadcast message; determining by the terminal device, a second frequency band supported by the terminal device among a plurality of frequency bands corresponding to the first frequency; and initiating, by the terminal device, a random access procedure when determining the first frequency band and the second frequency band are the same frequency band; generating, by the terminal device, indication information when the first frequency band and the second frequency band are different frequency bands, wherein the indication information is used for the network device to determine a schedulable spectrum range of the terminal device, or the indication information is used for indicating the spectrum range; and sending, by the terminal device, the indication information to the network device; wherein before generating, by the terminal device, the indication information, the method further comprises: receiving, by the terminal device, first mapping relation information sent by the network device, wherein the first mapping relation information comprises a corresponding relationship between the plurality of frequency bands and a plurality of resources, and each of the plurality of resources comprises a preamble code and/or a physical random access channel, PRACH, resource; and determining, by the terminal device, a first resource corresponding to the second frequency band according to the second frequency band and the first mapping relation information; wherein sending, by the terminal device, the indication information to the network device comprises: initiating, by the terminal device, the random access procedure through the first resource and indicating, through the first resource, that a frequency band supported by the terminal device is the second frequency band. acquiring, by a terminal device, a first frequency information through a cell search; acquiring, by the terminal device, a first frequency band supported by a network device through a system broadcast message; determining by the terminal device, a second frequency band supported by the terminal device among a plurality of frequency bands corresponding to the first frequency; and initiating, by the terminal device, a random access procedure when determining the first frequency band and the second frequency band are the same frequency band; generating, by the terminal device, indication information when the first frequency band and the second frequency band are different frequency bands, wherein the indication information is used for the network device to determine a schedulable spectrum range of the terminal device, or the indication information is used for indicating the spectrum range; and sending, by the terminal device, the indication information to the network device; wherein before generating, by the terminal device, the indication information, the method further comprises: receiving, by the terminal device, first mapping relation information sent by the network device, wherein the first mapping relation information comprises a corresponding relationship between the plurality of frequency bands and a plurality of resources, and each of the plurality of resources comprises a preamble code and/or a physical random access channel, PRACH, resource; and determining, by the terminal device, a first resource corresponding to the second frequency band according to the second frequency band and the first mapping relation information; wherein sending, by the terminal device, the indication information to the network device comprises: initiating, by the terminal device, the random access procedure through the first resource and indicating, through the first resource, that a frequency band supported by the terminal device is the second frequency band. receiving, by the terminal device, first mapping relation information sent by the network device, wherein the first mapping relation information comprises a corresponding relationship between the plurality of frequency bands and a plurality of resources, and each of the plurality of resources comprises a preamble code and/or a physical random access channel, PRACH, resource; and determining, by the terminal device, a first resource corresponding to the second frequency band according to the second frequency band and the first mapping relation information; wherein sending, by the terminal device, the indication information to the network device comprises: initiating, by the terminal device, the random access procedure through the first resource and indicating, through the first resource, that a frequency band supported by the terminal device is the second frequency band.