A train autonomous control system based method for train interval protection control, comprising the following steps: step one: receiving, by a carborne controller, a train operation command sent by an automatic train supervision system to obtain a movement mission; step two: calculating, by the carborne controller, a train guaranteed zone in real time according to information of train localization, car characteristics, and carborne controller characteristics; step three: calculating, by the carborne controller, track resources required to be used in combination with current mission information according to the train guaranteed zone, and requesting to a wayside information control for information of collided trains occupying these track resources; step four: sending, by the wayside information control, a list of the collided trains on the track resources required to be used to the carborne controller according to information of the track resources required to be occupied by a train on a whole line; step five (105, 106, 108): when there is no valid train information in the list of the collided trains, recognizing, by the carborne controller, that there is no collided train on the track resources required to be occupied; when there is valid train information in the list of the collided trains, initiating, by the carborne controller, communication between the trains according to the train information in the list of the collided trains; characterized in that: after the communication is established, negotiating, by the carborne controller, with a carborne controller of a related train for interval protection, and reporting a negotiation status to the wayside information control; step six: after the wayside information control receives a negotiation success status, authorizing the carborne controllers to directly negotiate about occupation of the track resources between the trains; and step seven: when the track resources required to be used by the carborne controller no longer intersect with the track resources required to be used by the corresponding collided train, ending, by the carborne controller, the communication and negotiation with the carborne controller of the corresponding collided train, and reporting the condition to the wayside information control. step one: receiving, by a carborne controller, a train operation command sent by an automatic train supervision system to obtain a movement mission; step two: calculating, by the carborne controller, a train guaranteed zone in real time according to information of train localization, car characteristics, and carborne controller characteristics; step three: calculating, by the carborne controller, track resources required to be used in combination with current mission information according to the train guaranteed zone, and requesting to a wayside information control for information of collided trains occupying these track resources; step four: sending, by the wayside information control, a list of the collided trains on the track resources required to be used to the carborne controller according to information of the track resources required to be occupied by a train on a whole line; step five (105, 106, 108): when there is no valid train information in the list of the collided trains, recognizing, by the carborne controller, that there is no collided train on the track resources required to be occupied; when there is valid train information in the list of the collided trains, initiating, by the carborne controller, communication between the trains according to the train information in the list of the collided trains; characterized in that: after the communication is established, negotiating, by the carborne controller, with a carborne controller of a related train for interval protection, and reporting a negotiation status to the wayside information control; step six: after the wayside information control receives a negotiation success status, authorizing the carborne controllers to directly negotiate about occupation of the track resources between the trains; and step seven: when the track resources required to be used by the carborne controller no longer intersect with the track resources required to be used by the corresponding collided train, ending, by the carborne controller, the communication and negotiation with the carborne controller of the corresponding collided train, and reporting the condition to the wayside information control. after the communication is established, negotiating, by the carborne controller, with a carborne controller of a related train for interval protection, and reporting a negotiation status to the wayside information control; step six: after the wayside information control receives a negotiation success status, authorizing the carborne controllers to directly negotiate about occupation of the track resources between the trains; and step seven: when the track resources required to be used by the carborne controller no longer intersect with the track resources required to be used by the corresponding collided train, ending, by the carborne controller, the communication and negotiation with the carborne controller of the corresponding collided train, and reporting the condition to the wayside information control.