A vehicle automatic travel control device provided on a vehicle having an internal combustion engine and controlling the vehicle to automatically travel in a short section, in which a horizontal distance from a start point to an end point in front of the vehicle is preset, while maintaining a speed of the vehicle within a speed range which is faster than a lower limit speed set to be slower than a preset target speed and is slower than an upper limit speed set to be faster than the target speed, the vehicle automatic travel control device comprising: end point speed calculation means for calculating an end point speed, which is a vehicle speed at the end point in a case where it is assumed that the vehicle is controlled to perform inertial travel in the short section, based on a change in energy of the vehicle or an acceleration of the vehicle in the short section; and speed determination means for determining whether the calculated end point speed falls within the speed range, wherein the vehicle is controlled to perform the inertial travel in the short section in a case where the end point speed falls within the speed range; and characterized by: a balanced slope calculation means for calculating a balanced slope at which an air resistance force, a rolling resistance force and a slope resistance force, which are to be applied to the vehicle in a case where it is assumed that the vehicle is controlled to perform the inertial travel in the short section, are balanced; and a balance determination means for determining whether an absolute value of a negative slope of the short section of a descending road is smaller than an absolute value of the balanced slope, wherein, in a case where it is determined that the absolute value of the slope is smaller than the absolute value of the balanced slope, control of approximating the lower limit speed to the target speed is performed. end point speed calculation means for calculating an end point speed, which is a vehicle speed at the end point in a case where it is assumed that the vehicle is controlled to perform inertial travel in the short section, based on a change in energy of the vehicle or an acceleration of the vehicle in the short section; and speed determination means for determining whether the calculated end point speed falls within the speed range, wherein the vehicle is controlled to perform the inertial travel in the short section in a case where the end point speed falls within the speed range; a balanced slope calculation means for calculating a balanced slope at which an air resistance force, a rolling resistance force and a slope resistance force, which are to be applied to the vehicle in a case where it is assumed that the vehicle is controlled to perform the inertial travel in the short section, are balanced; and a balance determination means for determining whether an absolute value of a negative slope of the short section of a descending road is smaller than an absolute value of the balanced slope, wherein, in a case where it is determined that the absolute value of the slope is smaller than the absolute value of the balanced slope, control of approximating the lower limit speed to the target speed is performed.