A variable magnetomotive force rotary electric machine comprising: an annular stator including a stator winding wound on a plurality of teeth; and a rotor having a circular shape that is concentric with the stator, and the rotor including at least one permanent magnet arranged in a d-axis magnetic path, the rotor including a magnetic gap part located between the at least one permanent magnet arranged in the d-axis magnetic path of one pole and an adjacent magnet with a different polarity, such that a d-axis magnetic flux forms a d-axis bypass (10, 11) passing through an area other than the at least one permanent magnet, and the d-axis bypass (10, 11) provides a magnetic resistance in a d-axis direction that is set below a magnetic resistance in a q-axis direction that is orthogonal to the d-axis resistance; and the magnetic gap part being arranged in a q-axis magnetic path, with a radial width of the magnetic gap part in a direction of the q-axis magnetic path being greater than a dimension of the at least one permanent magnet in a magnetization direction; wherein the at least one permanent magnet having a ratio of a circumferential length of the at least one permanent magnet with respect to a length of a single pole on a circumference of the rotor that is 50% or less; and the d-axis bypass (10, 11) is formed from two bypasses that includes: a circular-arch shaped d-axis bypass positioned along a circular shape of an outside shape of the rotor; and an inverted-arcuate d-axis bypass positioned along a shape of a d-axis magnetic flux line so as to have an arcuate shape bent in a direction inverted with respect to an arcuate shape of the outside shape of the rotor. an annular stator including a stator winding wound on a plurality of teeth; and a rotor having a circular shape that is concentric with the stator, and the rotor including at least one permanent magnet arranged in a d-axis magnetic path, the rotor including a magnetic gap part located between the at least one permanent magnet arranged in the d-axis magnetic path of one pole and an adjacent magnet with a different polarity, such that a d-axis magnetic flux forms a d-axis bypass (10, 11) passing through an area other than the at least one permanent magnet, and the d-axis bypass (10, 11) provides a magnetic resistance in a d-axis direction that is set below a magnetic resistance in a q-axis direction that is orthogonal to the d-axis resistance; and the magnetic gap part being arranged in a q-axis magnetic path, with a radial width of the magnetic gap part in a direction of the q-axis magnetic path being greater than a dimension of the at least one permanent magnet in a magnetization direction; wherein the at least one permanent magnet having a ratio of a circumferential length of the at least one permanent magnet with respect to a length of a single pole on a circumference of the rotor that is 50% or less; and the d-axis bypass (10, 11) is formed from two bypasses that includes: a circular-arch shaped d-axis bypass positioned along a circular shape of an outside shape of the rotor; and an inverted-arcuate d-axis bypass positioned along a shape of a d-axis magnetic flux line so as to have an arcuate shape bent in a direction inverted with respect to an arcuate shape of the outside shape of the rotor. a circular-arch shaped d-axis bypass positioned along a circular shape of an outside shape of the rotor; and an inverted-arcuate d-axis bypass positioned along a shape of a d-axis magnetic flux line so as to have an arcuate shape bent in a direction inverted with respect to an arcuate shape of the outside shape of the rotor.