A physical system of strontium optical clock applied for space station, comprising: a special-shaped cavity, in which an internal heating atomic oven for heating a strontium sample to generate strontium atomic gas is arranged; a Magneto-Optical Trap cavity, also called MOT cavity, which is provided with an anti-Helmholtz coil for capturing strontium atoms and a remanence compensation coil for eliminating stray magnetic fields on its outer wall; a Zeeman slower, which is arranged between the special-shaped cavity and the MOT cavity; the Zeeman slower comprises a hollow pipe whose ends are in sealed communication with the special-shaped cavity and the MOT cavity respectively, and a plurality of sets of slower coils are wound on the outer wall of the hollow pipe; wherein: the internal heating atomic oven comprises a ceramic strontium atomic cavity arranged in the special-shaped cavity; a thermocouple fixing sleeve for fixing the strontium sample is arranged in the ceramic strontium atomic cavity, a heating wire is arranged on the outer wall of the ceramic strontium atomic cavity, and the top of the ceramic strontium atomic cavity is provided with a collimator for sending the strontium atomic gas into the MOT cavity through the hollow pipe in a straight line transmission manner; further wherein: the special-shaped cavity and the MOT cavity are provided with a plurality of interfaces that communicate with their respective interiors, and both are connected with a vacuum device for forming a vacuum through one of the interfaces; observation windows are in sealed communication with the remaining interfaces, and optomechanical components for atomic capture and optical signal detection are installed in alignment with the observation windows. a special-shaped cavity, in which an internal heating atomic oven for heating a strontium sample to generate strontium atomic gas is arranged; a Magneto-Optical Trap cavity, also called MOT cavity, which is provided with an anti-Helmholtz coil for capturing strontium atoms and a remanence compensation coil for eliminating stray magnetic fields on its outer wall; a Zeeman slower, which is arranged between the special-shaped cavity and the MOT cavity; the Zeeman slower comprises a hollow pipe whose ends are in sealed communication with the special-shaped cavity and the MOT cavity respectively, and a plurality of sets of slower coils are wound on the outer wall of the hollow pipe; wherein: the internal heating atomic oven comprises a ceramic strontium atomic cavity arranged in the special-shaped cavity; a thermocouple fixing sleeve for fixing the strontium sample is arranged in the ceramic strontium atomic cavity, a heating wire is arranged on the outer wall of the ceramic strontium atomic cavity, and the top of the ceramic strontium atomic cavity is provided with a collimator for sending the strontium atomic gas into the MOT cavity through the hollow pipe in a straight line transmission manner; further wherein: the special-shaped cavity and the MOT cavity are provided with a plurality of interfaces that communicate with their respective interiors, and both are connected with a vacuum device for forming a vacuum through one of the interfaces; observation windows are in sealed communication with the remaining interfaces, and optomechanical components for atomic capture and optical signal detection are installed in alignment with the observation windows. the internal heating atomic oven comprises a ceramic strontium atomic cavity arranged in the special-shaped cavity; a thermocouple fixing sleeve for fixing the strontium sample is arranged in the ceramic strontium atomic cavity, a heating wire is arranged on the outer wall of the ceramic strontium atomic cavity, and the top of the ceramic strontium atomic cavity is provided with a collimator for sending the strontium atomic gas into the MOT cavity through the hollow pipe in a straight line transmission manner; further wherein: the special-shaped cavity and the MOT cavity are provided with a plurality of interfaces that communicate with their respective interiors, and both are connected with a vacuum device for forming a vacuum through one of the interfaces; observation windows are in sealed communication with the remaining interfaces, and optomechanical components for atomic capture and optical signal detection are installed in alignment with the observation windows.