A surveying instrument comprising: a light projecting optical system (21, 56) for projecting a distance measuring light to a predetermined measuring point, a light receiving optical system for receiving a reflected distance measuring light from said measuring point and an infrared light from said measuring point, an image pickup unit for receiving a visible light from said measuring point, J Z a frame which horizontally rotates around a horizontal rotation shaft by a horizontal rotation motor, a vertical rotating unit which is provided in said frame, vertically rotating around a vertical rotation shaft by a vertical rotation motor, projecting said distance measuring light from said light projecting optical system to said measuring point and making said reflected distance measuring light from said measuring point enter said light receiving optical system, a horizontal angle detector for detecting a horizontal angle of said frame, a vertical angle detector for detecting a vertical angle of said vertical rotating unit, and an arithmetic control module for controlling a distance measurement, a temperature measurement, a rotation of said frame and a rotation of said vertical rotating unit based on light receiving results of said reflected distance measuring light and said infrared light, wherein said light receiving optical system has a photodetector for receiving said reflected distance measuring light, characterized in that said light receiving optical system further has a dichroic mirror provided on an optical path of said reflected distance measuring light for separating the visible light which entered coaxially with said reflected distance measuring light Z r from said reflected distance measuring light, an infrared light separating optical component (37, 40) provided on the optical path of said reflected distance measuring light for separating said infrared light which entered coaxially with said reflected distance measuring light from said reflected distance measuring light, and a temperature sensor for receiving said separated infrared light, wherein said arithmetic control module measures a distance to said measuring point based on light receiving results of said reflected distance measuring light received by said photodetector, acquires an image with said measuring point as a center based on light receiving results of said visible light received by said image pickup unit, measures a temperature of said measuring point based on light receiving results of said infrared light received by said temperature sensor, and thus coaxially acquires a positional information, a temperature information, and a color information of said measuring point. a frame which horizontally rotates around a horizontal rotation shaft by a horizontal rotation motor, a vertical rotating unit which is provided in said frame, vertically rotating around a vertical rotation shaft by a vertical rotation motor, projecting said distance measuring light from said light projecting optical system to said measuring point and making said reflected distance measuring light from said measuring point enter said light receiving optical system, a horizontal angle detector for detecting a horizontal angle of said frame, a vertical angle detector for detecting a vertical angle of said vertical rotating unit, and an arithmetic control module for controlling a distance measurement, a temperature measurement, a rotation of said frame and a rotation of said vertical rotating unit based on light receiving results of said reflected distance measuring light and said infrared light, wherein said light receiving optical system has a photodetector for receiving said reflected distance measuring light, characterized in that said light receiving optical system further has a dichroic mirror provided on an optical path of said reflected distance measuring light for separating the visible light which entered coaxially with said reflected distance measuring light Z r from said reflected distance measuring light, an infrared light separating optical component (37, 40) provided on the optical path of said reflected distance measuring light for separating said infrared light which entered coaxially with said reflected distance measuring light from said reflected distance measuring light, and a temperature sensor for receiving said separated infrared light, wherein said arithmetic control module measures a distance to said measuring point based on light receiving results of said reflected distance measuring light received by said photodetector, acquires an image with said measuring point as a center based on light receiving results of said visible light received by said image pickup unit, measures a temperature of said measuring point based on light receiving results of said infrared light received by said temperature sensor, and thus coaxially acquires a positional information, a temperature information, and a color information of said measuring point.