A position adjustment apparatus for adjusting a position of a detection device, the position adjustment apparatus comprising: two support assemblies (110,120), each of the support assemblies (110,120) comprising at least one support rod; a lifting frame arranged between the two support assemblies (110,120), the lifting frame having two ends respectively slidably connected to the support rods (111,112,121) of the two support assemblies (110,120) and being configured to move in a height direction of the support rods (111,112,121), the lifting frame comprising a mounting portion for mounting the detection device; and at least one height adjustment assembly arranged on at least one side of the lifting frame where one of the two support assemblies (110,120) is located and configured to adjust a lifting height of the lifting frame, each height adjustment assembly of the at least one height adjustment assembly comprising a first pulley and a second pulley arranged in a height direction of the at least one support rod (111,112,121), and rotating shafts of the first pulley and the second pulley being both fixedly mounted on a support assembly arranged on the corresponding side of the lifting frame; and a drive belt wound around the first pulley and the second pulley, the lifting frame being fixedly connected to a predetermined position on the drive belt, the drive belt being configured to drive the lifting frame to move as the first pulley and the second pulley rotate. two support assemblies (110,120), each of the support assemblies (110,120) comprising at least one support rod; a lifting frame arranged between the two support assemblies (110,120), the lifting frame having two ends respectively slidably connected to the support rods (111,112,121) of the two support assemblies (110,120) and being configured to move in a height direction of the support rods (111,112,121), the lifting frame comprising a mounting portion for mounting the detection device; and at least one height adjustment assembly arranged on at least one side of the lifting frame where one of the two support assemblies (110,120) is located and configured to adjust a lifting height of the lifting frame, each height adjustment assembly of the at least one height adjustment assembly comprising a first pulley and a second pulley arranged in a height direction of the at least one support rod (111,112,121), and rotating shafts of the first pulley and the second pulley being both fixedly mounted on a support assembly arranged on the corresponding side of the lifting frame; and a drive belt wound around the first pulley and the second pulley, the lifting frame being fixedly connected to a predetermined position on the drive belt, the drive belt being configured to drive the lifting frame to move as the first pulley and the second pulley rotate. a first pulley and a second pulley arranged in a height direction of the at least one support rod (111,112,121), and rotating shafts of the first pulley and the second pulley being both fixedly mounted on a support assembly arranged on the corresponding side of the lifting frame; and a drive belt wound around the first pulley and the second pulley, the lifting frame being fixedly connected to a predetermined position on the drive belt, the drive belt being configured to drive the lifting frame to move as the first pulley and the second pulley rotate.