A system for grouping and combining amplitudes for a selected ion mass-to-charge ratio, m/z, from time-of-flight, TOF, sub-spectra in order to detect convolution, the system comprising: an ion source that is configured to ionize sample molecules producing a beam of ions; a TOF mass spectrometer that includes a detector and is configured to perform a plurality of ion extractions on the beam of ions; an analog-to-digital converter, ADC, that is configured to receive electrical detections from the detector and, during each extraction, to measure the amplitudes of the ions hitting the detector over time, producing a mass sub-spectrum for each extraction of the plurality of ion extractions; and a processor in communication with the TOF mass spectrometer and the ADC that is configured to: receive the plurality of mass sub-spectra; and select an ion m/z from the plurality of mass sub-spectra; wherein the processor is further configured to: for each mass sub-spectrum, assign the amplitude and m/z value at each m/z within a m/z tolerance of the selected ion m/z to an amplitude band of a plurality of predetermined amplitude bands that corresponds to the amplitude; for each amplitude band of the plurality of predetermined amplitude bands, combine the amplitudes and m/z values assigned thereto, if any, into a peak by counting the number of amplitudes at each of the m/z values, producing a histogram that describes the number of observed amplitudes with respect to m/z, and calculating a peak for the histogram, resulting in a plurality of peaks each corresponding to one of the plurality of predetermined amplitude bands; and detect convolution in the plurality of ion extractions using the plurality of peaks. an ion source that is configured to ionize sample molecules producing a beam of ions; a TOF mass spectrometer that includes a detector and is configured to perform a plurality of ion extractions on the beam of ions; an analog-to-digital converter, ADC, that is configured to receive electrical detections from the detector and, during each extraction, to measure the amplitudes of the ions hitting the detector over time, producing a mass sub-spectrum for each extraction of the plurality of ion extractions; and a processor in communication with the TOF mass spectrometer and the ADC that is configured to: receive the plurality of mass sub-spectra; and select an ion m/z from the plurality of mass sub-spectra; wherein the processor is further configured to: for each mass sub-spectrum, assign the amplitude and m/z value at each m/z within a m/z tolerance of the selected ion m/z to an amplitude band of a plurality of predetermined amplitude bands that corresponds to the amplitude; for each amplitude band of the plurality of predetermined amplitude bands, combine the amplitudes and m/z values assigned thereto, if any, into a peak by counting the number of amplitudes at each of the m/z values, producing a histogram that describes the number of observed amplitudes with respect to m/z, and calculating a peak for the histogram, resulting in a plurality of peaks each corresponding to one of the plurality of predetermined amplitude bands; and detect convolution in the plurality of ion extractions using the plurality of peaks. receive the plurality of mass sub-spectra; and select an ion m/z from the plurality of mass sub-spectra; wherein the processor is further configured to: for each mass sub-spectrum, assign the amplitude and m/z value at each m/z within a m/z tolerance of the selected ion m/z to an amplitude band of a plurality of predetermined amplitude bands that corresponds to the amplitude; for each amplitude band of the plurality of predetermined amplitude bands, combine the amplitudes and m/z values assigned thereto, if any, into a peak by counting the number of amplitudes at each of the m/z values, producing a histogram that describes the number of observed amplitudes with respect to m/z, and calculating a peak for the histogram, resulting in a plurality of peaks each corresponding to one of the plurality of predetermined amplitude bands; and detect convolution in the plurality of ion extractions using the plurality of peaks. for each mass sub-spectrum, assign the amplitude and m/z value at each m/z within a m/z tolerance of the selected ion m/z to an amplitude band of a plurality of predetermined amplitude bands that corresponds to the amplitude; for each amplitude band of the plurality of predetermined amplitude bands, combine the amplitudes and m/z values assigned thereto, if any, into a peak by counting the number of amplitudes at each of the m/z values, producing a histogram that describes the number of observed amplitudes with respect to m/z, and calculating a peak for the histogram, resulting in a plurality of peaks each corresponding to one of the plurality of predetermined amplitude bands; and detect convolution in the plurality of ion extractions using the plurality of peaks.