An information storage system, comprising: a management controller, a vehicle-intelligent unit, and at least one subcontroller, wherein each subcontroller is connected to at least one executor, and the management controller is connected to each subcontroller; the at least one subcontroller is configured to: when detecting that a fault occurs in an executor connected to the subcontroller, determine a fault number of the fault and send the fault number to the management controller; the management controller is configured to: when receiving the fault number sent by the subcontroller, search for a parameter corresponding to the fault number and feed back the found parameter to the subcontroller sending the fault number, wherein the parameter is a parameter used to diagnose a fault cause; the at least one subcontroller is configured to: when receiving the parameter that is fed back by the management controller and that corresponds to the fault number, obtain a parameter value corresponding to the parameter, and send the parameter and the parameter value corresponding to the parameter to the management controller; the management controller is configured to: when receiving the parameter and the parameter value corresponding to the parameter that are sent by the subcontroller, send the fault number, the parameter, and the parameter value corresponding to the parameter to the vehicle-intelligent unit; and the vehicle-intelligent unit is configured to: when receiving the fault number, the parameter, and the parameter value corresponding to the parameter that are sent by the management controller, store the fault number, the parameter, and the parameter value corresponding to the parameter, wherein the at least one subcontroller is further configured to: when detecting that a fault occurs in the executor connected to the subcontroller, latch an operating parameter and a parameter value corresponding to the operating parameter; the at least one subcontroller is configured to obtain, from the latched operating parameter and the latched parameter value corresponding to the operating parameter, a parameter value corresponding to a target parameter, wherein the target parameter refers to the received parameter that is fed back by the management controller and that corresponds to the fault number; the management controller is further configured to: when receiving the parameter and the parameter value corresponding to the parameter that are sent by the subcontroller, send a latch deletion command to the subcontroller; and the at least one subcontroller is further configured to: when receiving the latch deletion command sent by the management controller, delete, according to the latch deletion command, the operating parameter and the parameter value corresponding to the operating parameter. when detecting that a fault occurs in the executor connected to the subcontroller, latch an operating parameter and a parameter value corresponding to the operating parameter; the at least one subcontroller is configured to obtain, from the latched operating parameter and the latched parameter value corresponding to the operating parameter, a parameter value corresponding to a target parameter, wherein the target parameter refers to the received parameter that is fed back by the management controller and that corresponds to the fault number; the management controller is further configured to: when receiving the parameter and the parameter value corresponding to the parameter that are sent by the subcontroller, send a latch deletion command to the subcontroller; and the at least one subcontroller is further configured to: when receiving the latch deletion command sent by the management controller, delete, according to the latch deletion command, the operating parameter and the parameter value corresponding to the operating parameter.