A hydrotreating catalyst comprising: an alumina-phosphorus support comprising 65 mass% or more of alumina in terms of a total amount of the support; a hydrogenation active metal supported on the alumina-phosphorus support, wherein: a specific surface area of the hydrotreating catalyst is 100 m 2 /g or more; a total pore volume (PV T) of the hydrotreating catalyst measured according to a mercury intrusion method is in a range from 0.80 to 1.50 ml/g; the hydrotreating catalyst has a maximum value of pore distribution in a pore diameter range from 10 to 30 nm; the ratio (ΔPV/PVme) of a pore volume (ΔPV) of pores with a pore diameter within a range of ±2 nm of a pore diameter at the maximum value to a pore volume (PVme) of pores with a pore diameter in a range from 5 to 100 nm is 0.40 or less; the crushing strength measured with a Kiya hardness tester of the hydrotreating catalyst is 10 N/mm or more; 0.4 to 10.0 mass% of phosphorus is contained in the hydrotreating catalyst in terms of P 2 O 5 concentration based on a total amount of the hydrotreating catalyst; and the hydrogenation active metal is at least one metal selected from metals of VIA and VIII groups of the periodic table. an alumina-phosphorus support comprising 65 mass% or more of alumina in terms of a total amount of the support; a hydrogenation active metal supported on the alumina-phosphorus support, wherein: a specific surface area of the hydrotreating catalyst is 100 m 2 /g or more; a total pore volume (PV T) of the hydrotreating catalyst measured according to a mercury intrusion method is in a range from 0.80 to 1.50 ml/g; the hydrotreating catalyst has a maximum value of pore distribution in a pore diameter range from 10 to 30 nm; the ratio (ΔPV/PVme) of a pore volume (ΔPV) of pores with a pore diameter within a range of ±2 nm of a pore diameter at the maximum value to a pore volume (PVme) of pores with a pore diameter in a range from 5 to 100 nm is 0.40 or less; the crushing strength measured with a Kiya hardness tester of the hydrotreating catalyst is 10 N/mm or more; 0.4 to 10.0 mass% of phosphorus is contained in the hydrotreating catalyst in terms of P 2 O 5 concentration based on a total amount of the hydrotreating catalyst; and the hydrogenation active metal is at least one metal selected from metals of VIA and VIII groups of the periodic table. a specific surface area of the hydrotreating catalyst is 100 m 2 /g or more; a total pore volume (PV T) of the hydrotreating catalyst measured according to a mercury intrusion method is in a range from 0.80 to 1.50 ml/g; the hydrotreating catalyst has a maximum value of pore distribution in a pore diameter range from 10 to 30 nm; the ratio (ΔPV/PVme) of a pore volume (ΔPV) of pores with a pore diameter within a range of ±2 nm of a pore diameter at the maximum value to a pore volume (PVme) of pores with a pore diameter in a range from 5 to 100 nm is 0.40 or less; the crushing strength measured with a Kiya hardness tester of the hydrotreating catalyst is 10 N/mm or more; 0.4 to 10.0 mass% of phosphorus is contained in the hydrotreating catalyst in terms of P 2 O 5 concentration based on a total amount of the hydrotreating catalyst; and the hydrogenation active metal is at least one metal selected from metals of VIA and VIII groups of the periodic table.