An optical signal receiving apparatus, comprising a housing, a body set inside the housing, wherein the body is provided with an optical receiver for receiving an external optical signal, and an optical-to-electrical conversion device is arranged at a central position of the optical receiver; wherein the optical signal receiving apparatus further comprises: a main control circuit, connected to an optical receiver and configured to process an optical signal received by the optical receiver; a keying circuit, connected to the main control circuit, wherein the main control circuit is further configured to respond to an action of the keying circuit, generate a high level, and output the high level to a control signal input end (VC_EN) of the main control circuit; and a power control circuit, wherein a power end of the power control circuit is connected to an output end of a power source, and the power control circuit is configured to respond to the high level of the control signal input end (VC_EN), and connect the output end of the power source to a power input end of the main control circuit; the power control circuit comprises: a first switch tube, wherein a control electrode of the first switch tube is connected to the control signal input end (VC_EN), a first electrode and a second electrode are respectively connected to a node and the ground, and the first switch tube is connected in response to the high level of the control signal input end (VC_EN), and is cut off in response to a low level of the control signal input end (VC_EN), and a second switch tube, wherein a control electrode of the second switch tube is connected to the node, a first electrode and a second electrode are respectively connected to the power end and the power input end, and the second switch tube is connected in response to a low level of the node, and is cut off in response to a high level of the node. a main control circuit, connected to an optical receiver and configured to process an optical signal received by the optical receiver; a keying circuit, connected to the main control circuit, wherein the main control circuit is further configured to respond to an action of the keying circuit, generate a high level, and output the high level to a control signal input end (VC_EN) of the main control circuit; and a power control circuit, wherein a power end of the power control circuit is connected to an output end of a power source, and the power control circuit is configured to respond to the high level of the control signal input end (VC_EN), and connect the output end of the power source to a power input end of the main control circuit; the power control circuit comprises: a first switch tube, wherein a control electrode of the first switch tube is connected to the control signal input end (VC_EN), a first electrode and a second electrode are respectively connected to a node and the ground, and the first switch tube is connected in response to the high level of the control signal input end (VC_EN), and is cut off in response to a low level of the control signal input end (VC_EN), and a second switch tube, wherein a control electrode of the second switch tube is connected to the node, a first electrode and a second electrode are respectively connected to the power end and the power input end, and the second switch tube is connected in response to a low level of the node, and is cut off in response to a high level of the node. a first switch tube, wherein a control electrode of the first switch tube is connected to the control signal input end (VC_EN), a first electrode and a second electrode are respectively connected to a node and the ground, and the first switch tube is connected in response to the high level of the control signal input end (VC_EN), and is cut off in response to a low level of the control signal input end (VC_EN), and a second switch tube, wherein a control electrode of the second switch tube is connected to the node, a first electrode and a second electrode are respectively connected to the power end and the power input end, and the second switch tube is connected in response to a low level of the node, and is cut off in response to a high level of the node.