A polyphenylene ether composition comprising: 60 mol% or more of a polyphenylene ether having a structure of the following Formula, wherein a ratio of an integrated value of a peak appearing at 7.6 to 8.3 ppm to an integrated value of a peak derived from a structure of the following Formula is 1 or less in a 1 H-NMR measurement result, and a number average molecular weight in terms of polystyrene is 500 to 15000 g/mol, (in Formula, Z is an a -valent partial structure represented by the following Formula, a represents an integer of 2 to 6, Y are each independently a divalent linking group having a structure of the following Formula, n represents a repeating number of Y and are each independently an integer of 0 to 200, and at least one n in a (-Y n -H) is an integer of 1 or more,) in Formula, X is an optional a -valent linking group, R 5 are each independently an optional substituent, k are each independently an integer of 1 to 4, and at least one R 5 is a partial structure represented by the following Formula, in Formula, R 11 are each independently an optionally substituted alkyl group having a carbon number of 1 to 8, R 12 are each independently an optionally substituted alkylene group having a carbon number of 1 to 8, b are each independently 0 or 1, and R 13 represents one of a hydrogen atom, an optionally substituted alkyl group having a carbon number of 1 to 8, and an optionally substituted phenyl group, when the position of the carbon atom of the benzene ring to which -O-is bonded in Formula is designated as Position 1, R 5 having the partial structure of Formula is bonded to one carbon atom at Position 2 or Position 6, and a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, or an ethyl group is bonded to the other carbon atom at Position 2 or Position 6, and in Formula, R 21 are each independently one of a hydrogen atom, an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group having a carbon number of 1 to 6, an optionally substituted aryl group having a carbon number of 6 to 12, and a halogen atom, and two R 21 cannot be both hydrogen atoms, and two R 21 are not in a combination in which one R 21 is the partial structure represented by the above Formula and the other R 21 is one of a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, or an ethyl group, and R 22 are each independently one of a hydrogen atom, an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group having a carbon number of 1 to 6, an optionally substituted aryl group having a carbon number of 6 to 12, and a halogen atom.) 60 mol% or more of a polyphenylene ether having a structure of the following Formula, wherein a ratio of an integrated value of a peak appearing at 7.6 to 8.3 ppm to an integrated value of a peak derived from a structure of the following Formula is 1 or less in a 1 H-NMR measurement result, and a number average molecular weight in terms of polystyrene is 500 to 15000 g/mol, (in Formula, Z is an a -valent partial structure represented by the following Formula, a represents an integer of 2 to 6, Y are each independently a divalent linking group having a structure of the following Formula, n represents a repeating number of Y and are each independently an integer of 0 to 200, and at least one n in a (-Y n -H) is an integer of 1 or more,) in Formula, X is an optional a -valent linking group, R 5 are each independently an optional substituent, k are each independently an integer of 1 to 4, and at least one R 5 is a partial structure represented by the following Formula, in Formula, R 11 are each independently an optionally substituted alkyl group having a carbon number of 1 to 8, R 12 are each independently an optionally substituted alkylene group having a carbon number of 1 to 8, b are each independently 0 or 1, and R 13 represents one of a hydrogen atom, an optionally substituted alkyl group having a carbon number of 1 to 8, and an optionally substituted phenyl group, when the position of the carbon atom of the benzene ring to which -O-is bonded in Formula is designated as Position 1, R 5 having the partial structure of Formula is bonded to one carbon atom at Position 2 or Position 6, and a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, or an ethyl group is bonded to the other carbon atom at Position 2 or Position 6, and in Formula, R 21 are each independently one of a hydrogen atom, an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group having a carbon number of 1 to 6, an optionally substituted aryl group having a carbon number of 6 to 12, and a halogen atom, and two R 21 cannot be both hydrogen atoms, and two R 21 are not in a combination in which one R 21 is the partial structure represented by the above Formula and the other R 21 is one of a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, or an ethyl group, and R 22 are each independently one of a hydrogen atom, an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group having a carbon number of 1 to 6, an optionally substituted aryl group having a carbon number of 6 to 12, and a halogen atom.)