mhurhangee/ep-ind-claims huggingface dataset:
A method for controlling the injection of reducing agent in the form of urea or ammonia upstream of an SCR catalyst in an exhaust line from a combustion engine, such that the injection of reducing agent in the exhaust line is controlled according to the result of comparison between an accumulation actual value and an accumulation set-point value, which accumulation actual value and accumulation set-point value represent respectively current and required accumulations of ammonia in the catalyst and are calculated on the basis of information from a computation model which, while catering for the expected reactions in the catalyst in prevailing operating conditions, continuously determines current states in the catalyst, e.g. the accumulation of ammonia in various parts of the catalyst and the conversion of NO x which takes place in various parts of the catalyst, to which end the computation model divides the catalyst in its longitudinal direction into a tank series with a plurality of tanks one after another and the accumulation actual value and the accumulation set-point value refer respectively to current and required accumulations of ammonia in a tank (4 ref), herein called reference tank, situated one or more steps upstream of the tank (4 K) which is nearest to the outlet end of the catalyst, characterised - by calculating, on the basis of a given slip value (y SL) which represents maximum permissible concentration of ammonia in the exhaust gases leaving the catalyst, and by means of information from said computation model, a reference value (θ L,k) which represents the equilibrium accumulation of ammonia which has to be present in the tank in order to achieve the given slip value (y SL), such a reference value (θ L,k) being calculated sequentially for each of the tanks, starting with the tank (4 K) situated nearest to the outlet end of the catalyst and proceeding thereafter tank by tank upstream right up to the reference tank (4 ref), and - by using the reference value (θ L,ref) determined for the reference tank (4 ref) as said accumulation set-point value or as a maximum permissible upper limit for this accumulation set-point value. - by calculating, on the basis of a given slip value (y SL) which represents maximum permissible concentration of ammonia in the exhaust gases leaving the catalyst, and by means of information from said computation model, a reference value (θ L,k) which represents the equilibrium accumulation of ammonia which has to be present in the tank in order to achieve the given slip value (y SL), such a reference value (θ L,k) being calculated sequentially for each of the tanks, starting with the tank (4 K) situated nearest to the outlet end of the catalyst and proceeding thereafter tank by tank upstream right up to the reference tank (4 ref), and - by using the reference value (θ L,ref) determined for the reference tank (4 ref) as said accumulation set-point value or as a maximum permissible upper limit for this accumulation set-point value.
A control device (200, 280, 300, 380, 500, 580, 600) configured for use in a lighting control system to control respective amount of power delivered to a plurality of lighting loads (102, 104), the plurality of lighting loads being external to the control device and each comprising one or more light sources, characterized in the control device comprising: a user input device (202, 302, 502) configured to detect a first user input and a second user input, the user input device comprising a touch sensitive surface (206, 282, 382, 582, 614); a control circuit configured to generate first control data to adjust the respective amount of power delivered to the plurality of lighting loads to an absolute power level based on the first user input, the absolute power level corresponding to a percentage of respective maximum power levels of the plurality of lighting loads, the control circuit further configured to generate second control data to adjust the respective amount of power delivered to the plurality of lighting loads by a relative amount based on the second user input, the relative amount corresponding to an amount of adjustment relative to respective present power levels of the plurality of lighting loads; and a communication circuit configured to transmit, to one or more of the plurality of lighting loads or a central controller of the load control system, a first control signal including the first control data and a second control signal including the second control data. a user input device (202, 302, 502) configured to detect a first user input and a second user input, the user input device comprising a touch sensitive surface (206, 282, 382, 582, 614); a control circuit configured to generate first control data to adjust the respective amount of power delivered to the plurality of lighting loads to an absolute power level based on the first user input, the absolute power level corresponding to a percentage of respective maximum power levels of the plurality of lighting loads, the control circuit further configured to generate second control data to adjust the respective amount of power delivered to the plurality of lighting loads by a relative amount based on the second user input, the relative amount corresponding to an amount of adjustment relative to respective present power levels of the plurality of lighting loads; and a communication circuit configured to transmit, to one or more of the plurality of lighting loads or a central controller of the load control system, a first control signal including the first control data and a second control signal including the second control data.
A method for refurbishing a sorbent cartridge including zirconium phosphate ("ZP") or zirconium oxide ("ZO") that has been used for treatment comprising: refurbishing the ZP or ZO via the steps of regenerating the non-disinfected ZP or ZO using an acid solution, disinfecting the regenerated ZP or ZO using a disinfecting agent, at least one of washing or filtering the regenerated and disinfected ZP or ZO, titrating the washed or filtered ZP or ZO to a desired pH, at least one of washing or filtering the titrated ZP or ZO until a desired conductivity is reached, drying the rewashed or refiltered ZP or ZO, and sieving the dried ZP or ZO. regenerating the non-disinfected ZP or ZO using an acid solution, disinfecting the regenerated ZP or ZO using a disinfecting agent, at least one of washing or filtering the regenerated and disinfected ZP or ZO, titrating the washed or filtered ZP or ZO to a desired pH, at least one of washing or filtering the titrated ZP or ZO until a desired conductivity is reached, drying the rewashed or refiltered ZP or ZO, and sieving the dried ZP or ZO.
A thermal energy storage device comprising: a first thermal mass; a second thermal mass; and a third thermal mass; wherein: the aspect ratios of at least two of the first, second and third thermal masses are different to one another, the aspect ratio of a thermal mass being the ratio of the mean length of the thermal mass to the mean cross-sectional flow area of the thermal mass; and an arrangement of conduits and valves configured to direct a heat transfer fluid to pass through a combination of one or more of the thermal masses (100; 120; 130) to transfer thermal energy to the thermal mass from the heat transfer fluid and from the thermal mass to the heat transfer fluid, wherein the arrangement of conduits and valves is such that the thermal masses (100; 120; 130) can be isolated from one another, characterized in that the arrangement of conduits and valves is such that the heat transfer fluid can be directed through two or more of the thermal masses (100; 120; 130) in series. a first thermal mass; a second thermal mass; and a third thermal mass; wherein: the aspect ratios of at least two of the first, second and third thermal masses are different to one another, the aspect ratio of a thermal mass being the ratio of the mean length of the thermal mass to the mean cross-sectional flow area of the thermal mass; and the aspect ratios of at least two of the first, second and third thermal masses are different to one another, the aspect ratio of a thermal mass being the ratio of the mean length of the thermal mass to the mean cross-sectional flow area of the thermal mass; and an arrangement of conduits and valves configured to direct a heat transfer fluid to pass through a combination of one or more of the thermal masses (100; 120; 130) to transfer thermal energy to the thermal mass from the heat transfer fluid and from the thermal mass to the heat transfer fluid, wherein the arrangement of conduits and valves is such that the thermal masses (100; 120; 130) can be isolated from one another, characterized in that the arrangement of conduits and valves is such that the heat transfer fluid can be directed through two or more of the thermal masses (100; 120; 130) in series.
A method of producing syngas with the aid of solar radiation, in which the reactor of a receiver reactor (4, 50, 60, 70, 80, 100) is periodically heated by the solar radiation via an opening provided therein for solar radiation to an upper reduction temperature (To) for a reduction process and is then cooled to a lower oxidation temperature (Tu) for an oxidation process in the presence of an oxidizing gas, wherein the solar radiation is passed through an absorption chamber (15, 67, 71, 101) to an absorber (14, 61, 105) which is in the form of a reactor, that the sunlight is guided through an absorption chamber (15,67,71,101) onto an absorber (14,61,105) formed as a reactor and comprising a reducible/oxidizable material, and wherein a gas absorbing the blackbody radiation (55,56) of the absorber (14, 61,105) is passed through the absorption chamber (15,67,71,101) and the absorption chamber (15,67,71,101) is formed such that 80% or more of the blackbody radiation (55,56) of the absorber (14,61,105) lying on a path to the opening is absorbed.
A manufacturing method for a solar battery cell, comprising: forming and laminating a second conductive-type layer and an antireflection film on a first conductive-type semiconductor substrate; applying a conductive paste containing a conductive particle and a glass frit to a predetermined position of the antireflection film; firing the semiconductor substrate with the conductive paste applied thereto; and forming an electrode penetrating the antireflection film and electrically connected to the second conductive-type layer, wherein the semiconductor substrate with the conductive paste applied thereto is consecutively subjected to heat treatment at a heating temperature just after the firing instead of being returned to room temperature, wherein the heating temperature is 300°C or more and 500°C or less when the semiconductor substrate with the conductive paste applied thereto is consecutively subjected to the heat treatment just after the firing instead of being returned to room temperature, and wherein heating time is one second or more and 60 seconds or less when the semiconductor substrate with the conductive paste applied thereto is consecutively subjected to the heat treatment just after the firing instead of being returned to room temperature. forming and laminating a second conductive-type layer and an antireflection film on a first conductive-type semiconductor substrate; applying a conductive paste containing a conductive particle and a glass frit to a predetermined position of the antireflection film; firing the semiconductor substrate with the conductive paste applied thereto; and forming an electrode penetrating the antireflection film and electrically connected to the second conductive-type layer, wherein the semiconductor substrate with the conductive paste applied thereto is consecutively subjected to heat treatment at a heating temperature just after the firing instead of being returned to room temperature, wherein the heating temperature is 300°C or more and 500°C or less when the semiconductor substrate with the conductive paste applied thereto is consecutively subjected to the heat treatment just after the firing instead of being returned to room temperature, and wherein heating time is one second or more and 60 seconds or less when the semiconductor substrate with the conductive paste applied thereto is consecutively subjected to the heat treatment just after the firing instead of being returned to room temperature.
A method for operating a baling press, in particular a channel baling press, including supplying a new, quasi-endless strapping medium from a new supply reel for the purpose of strapping a bale that has been compressed out of loose pressing material, in particular in a pressing channel, in a vertical strapping plane (Uv") that lies in the pressing direction until it is in its operating state, in that, for the purpose of supply, the start of the quasi-endless strapping medium that later forms the lower strand - is guided below the pressing chamber and/or the pressing channel adjoining it in the pressing direction - forward in the pressing direction beyond a tying plane (A") that lies transversely to the pressing direction - by a projecting length (Ü) that is sufficient for tying off, wherein - the start is inserted into the rear opening (301.1) of a guide element that is located next to, above or behind but most importantly not below the pressing chamber and/or the pressing channel, - the start is pushed forward in the guide element by inserting a further length of the strapping medium into the rear opening (301.1) - until the projecting length (Ü) that is sufficient for tying off has been reached, characterised in that pushing forward of the start is terminated as soon as the start projects out of the front opening (301.2) of the guide element, which is located at a site that is visible from a viewpoint next to the baling press, - for which purpose the front opening (301b2) of the front guide element is positioned such that it is visible to an operative standing next to the baling press as a result of the front opening (301b2) being positioned next to or in front of, but as seen in plan view not below, the pressing chamber or the pressing channel, - or there is at the rear end a measuring device that indicates that a predetermined insertion length has been inserted into the rear end (301.1) of the guide element. - is guided below the pressing chamber and/or the pressing channel adjoining it in the pressing direction - forward in the pressing direction beyond a tying plane (A") that lies transversely to the pressing direction - by a projecting length (Ü) that is sufficient for tying off, - the start is inserted into the rear opening (301.1) of a guide element that is located next to, above or behind but most importantly not below the pressing chamber and/or the pressing channel, - the start is pushed forward in the guide element by inserting a further length of the strapping medium into the rear opening (301.1) - until the projecting length (Ü) that is sufficient for tying off has been reached, - for which purpose the front opening (301b2) of the front guide element is positioned such that it is visible to an operative standing next to the baling press as a result of the front opening (301b2) being positioned next to or in front of, but as seen in plan view not below, the pressing chamber or the pressing channel, - or there is at the rear end a measuring device that indicates that a predetermined insertion length has been inserted into the rear end (301.1) of the guide element.
A method for estimating object scatter and internal scatter of a photon-counting x-ray detector having at least two layers of diode segments of diodes segmented in the direction (104; 302) of the incoming x-rays, wherein the x-ray detector is a direct conversion x-ray detector using a direct-converter material and said direct-converter material is silicon, characterized by estimating counts from reabsorption of photons that have Compton scattered inside the detector based on: - selectively blinding some detector elements from primary radiation by i) placing a highly attenuating beam stop on top of the detector elements, in lower layer(s) or in both top layer and lower layer(s) of the diode segments, and ii) wherein lower layer(s) of diode segments is/are also shielded from object scatter by virtue of the top layer(s); and - measuring, by using the photon-counting x-ray detector, the counts in those detector elements. - selectively blinding some detector elements from primary radiation by i) placing a highly attenuating beam stop on top of the detector elements, in lower layer(s) or in both top layer and lower layer(s) of the diode segments, and ii) wherein lower layer(s) of diode segments is/are also shielded from object scatter by virtue of the top layer(s); and - measuring, by using the photon-counting x-ray detector, the counts in those detector elements.
A portable working machine comprising: an engine; a front handle and a rear handle; an elastic member (20, 40, 50); a power conversion unit for transmitting an output from the engine to drive a working tool; and a frame, characterized in that the front and rear handles (5, 9) are provided to the frame, the engine, the power conversion unit and the working tool are held by the frame via the elastic member (20, 40, 50), and the front handle and the elastic member are simultaneously held to the frame by the same fixing element. an engine; a front handle and a rear handle; an elastic member (20, 40, 50); a power conversion unit for transmitting an output from the engine to drive a working tool; and a frame, characterized in that the front and rear handles (5, 9) are provided to the frame, the engine, the power conversion unit and the working tool are held by the frame via the elastic member (20, 40, 50), and the front handle and the elastic member are simultaneously held to the frame by the same fixing element.
Syringe type pump having a barrel curved in the shape of a segment of a toroidal tube with a lengthwise extending axis and a connecting opening in the vicinity of one end of the barrel for the passage of fluid, a piston movable along the axis and tightly fitting in the interior of the barrel and a flexible driving rod for reciprocally moving the piston, characterized in that the driving rod is in direct contact with and gliding on the inner surface of the barrel wall, thereby being guided and supported by the inner surface of the barrel wall.
A recombinant chimpanzee adenovirus serotype ChAd3 vector comprising a nucleic acid encoding an Ebola virus glycoprotein, or an immunogenic composition thereof optionally including an adjuvant, for use in a method of inducing an immune response against an Ebola virus glycoprotein antigen in a subject.
Method for operating a water softening system, the water softening system comprising - one or a plurality of containers (19a-19d) comprising an ion exchange resin; - a supply container for a regenerant solution for regenerating the ion exchange resin; - a blending device for mixing a softened partial flow and a raw water partial flow into a blended water flow, - and an electronic control unit, wherein the control unit monitors a residual capacity of each container (19a-19d) and, depending on the residual capacity of each respective container (19a-19d), triggers its regeneration, characterized in that in a first operating mode of the control unit, the monitored residual capacity of each respective container (19a-19d) is compared with a first limit value GW1 associated with this container (19a-19d) and regeneration of the respective container (19a-19d) can be triggered only in case the residual capacity of this container (19a-19d) is smaller than the first limit value GW1 associated with this container (19a-19d), in a second operating mode of the control unit, the monitored residual capacity of each respective container (19a-19d) is compared with a second limit value GW2 associated with this container (19a-19d) and regeneration of the respective container (19a-19d) is triggered in that the residual capacity of this container (91a-19d) is smaller than the second limit value GW2 associated with this container (19a-19d), wherein the first limit value GW1 associated with each respective container (19a-19d) is smaller than the associated second limit value GW2, and that the water softening system provides raw water mixed with softened water in the first operating mode, and provides only completely softened water in the second operating mode. - one or a plurality of containers (19a-19d) comprising an ion exchange resin; - a supply container for a regenerant solution for regenerating the ion exchange resin; - a blending device for mixing a softened partial flow and a raw water partial flow into a blended water flow, - and an electronic control unit,
Motor vehicle brake, in particular electromechanically actuable motor vehicle brake, having an actuator assembly with: - a housing, - a relative to the housing displaceable actuating element for displacement of a brake pad, - a motor drive, - a displacement mechanism arranged between the motor drive and the displaceable actuating element, - a transmission arrangement allocated to the displacement mechanism, wherein the displacement mechanism comprises a ball screw with a rotary drivable spindle, and a within the housing linearly displacable nut, wherein the nut for a displacement of the actuating element is displaceable by rotary driving of the spindle within the housing, wherein the transmission arrangement comprises a wrap spring clutch which is arranged in the force flow between the motor drive and the spindle such that the wrap spring clutch allows a torque transmission from the motor drive to the spindle and is configured to block a torque transmission from the spindle to the motor drive, characterized in that the transmission arrangement comprises at least two gear wheels (54, 66) which are torque-transmittingly connectable to each other via the wrap spring clutch under intermediation of a wrap spring. - a housing, - a relative to the housing displaceable actuating element for displacement of a brake pad, - a motor drive, - a displacement mechanism arranged between the motor drive and the displaceable actuating element, - a transmission arrangement allocated to the displacement mechanism,
A lower attachment system for a trimmable horizontal stabiliser actuator comprising: a ballnut for being disposed on a screwshaft of the actuator and forming a part of a primary load path of the lower attachment system; a trunnion connected to the ballnut and forming a part of the primary load path of the lower attachment system; a failsafe plate disposed about the trunnion and forming a part of a secondary load path; a secondary connection connected to the failsafe plate and forming a part of the secondary load path; and a sheet plate attached to a first mounting point on the secondary connection and a second mounting point on the ballnut; characterised by an adjustment mechanism (122, 125) provided with the sheet plate for adjusting the size or position of the sheet plate to adapt it to fit a distance between the first and second mounting points. a ballnut for being disposed on a screwshaft of the actuator and forming a part of a primary load path of the lower attachment system; a trunnion connected to the ballnut and forming a part of the primary load path of the lower attachment system; a failsafe plate disposed about the trunnion and forming a part of a secondary load path; a secondary connection connected to the failsafe plate and forming a part of the secondary load path; and a sheet plate attached to a first mounting point on the secondary connection and a second mounting point on the ballnut; characterised by an adjustment mechanism (122, 125) provided with the sheet plate for adjusting the size or position of the sheet plate to adapt it to fit a distance between the first and second mounting points.