mhurhangee/ep-ind-claims huggingface dataset:
An exhaust purification system of a spark ignition type internal combustion engine in which an NO x storage catalyst storing NO x in exhaust gas when an air-fuel ratio of an inflowing exhaust gas is lean and releasing stored NO x when the air-fuel ratio of the inflowing exhaust gas is made rich is arranged in an engine exhaust passage, an NO x selective reduction catalyst is arranged in the engine exhaust passage downstream of the NO x storage catalyst, an ammonia which is produced at the NO x storage catalyst when the air-fuel ratio of the inflowing exhaust gas is made rich is adsorbed at the NO x selective reduction catalyst, and NO x in the exhaust gas is reduced by the ammonia which is adsorbed at the NO x selective reduction catalyst, wherein a combustion is performed in a combustion chamber under a lean base air-fuel ratio and the air-fuel ratio in the combustion chamber is temporarily made rich to a degree of richness every rich period, the rich period being a time period between successive operations of making the air-fuel ratio temporarily rich in the combustion chamber, when NO x should be released from the NO x storage catalyst, and wherein the lean base air-fuel ratio is a first lean base air-fuel ratio, the degree of richness is a first degree of richness and the rich period is a first rich period at a time of engine low load operation, and when an engine load becomes higher compared with the time of engine low load operation, the lean base air-fuel ratio is a second lean base air-fuel ratio, which is smaller compared with the first lean base air-fuel ratio, characterised in that the degree of richness is a second degree of richness, which is smaller compared with the first degree of richness, and the rich period is a second rich period, which is shorter compared with the first rich period, so that an amount of ammonia which is produced per unit time when the air-fuel ratio is made rich falls compared with the time of engine low load operation.
A method of laminating a functional film onto an optical article, comprising: thermoforming said functional film so as to provide said functional film with a predetermined target curvature based on a curvature of a face of said optical article on which said functional film is to be applied; applying said functional film onto said face of said optical article; pressing said functional film against said face of said optical article so as to adhere said functional film to said face of said optical article by a pressure sensitive adhesive; wherein said method further comprises heating said functional film at at least one predetermined temperature after said applying, so that said functional film conforms to the curvature of said face of said optical article, wherein said heating is done while applying a predetermined pressure on said functional film to press it against said face of said optical article. thermoforming said functional film so as to provide said functional film with a predetermined target curvature based on a curvature of a face of said optical article on which said functional film is to be applied; applying said functional film onto said face of said optical article; pressing said functional film against said face of said optical article so as to adhere said functional film to said face of said optical article by a pressure sensitive adhesive; wherein said method further comprises heating said functional film at at least one predetermined temperature after said applying, so that said functional film conforms to the curvature of said face of said optical article, wherein said heating is done while applying a predetermined pressure on said functional film to press it against said face of said optical article.
Method for locating a vehicle in its environment, wherein the vehicle has environment sensors (3, 4) which capture views of the environment at first times by means of the environment sensors (3, 4) and supply them to an evaluation device, wherein the vehicle has a communication interface (5, 10) via which current environment data (S13, S22) at second times relating to the instantaneous vehicle environment of the vehicle are transmitted to the evaluation device, and the vehicle is located by superimposing, in the evaluation device, environment data (S11, S21) captured by the environment sensors (3, 4) at first times and temporally corresponding environment data (S13, S22) which have been transmitted via the communication interface (5, 10), characterized in that features in the views of the environment captured by means of the sensors (3, 4) and/or features in the environment data supplied via the communication interface which repeatedly occur in the data belonging to a time and represent one or more objects (16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21) are transmitted only once and, if the features repeatedly occur in the data belonging to a time, only position data relating to the repeatedly occurring object (16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21) are transmitted again.
A method for wireless communication, comprising: receiving a provisioning request message from a user equipment, UE after the UE establishes a Radio Resource Control, RRC, connection, wherein the provisioning request message indicates a provisioning procedure type, PPT, and one or more PPT parameters, wherein the PPT corresponds to at least one of inline provisioning over a data plane, inline provisioning over a control plane, or offline provisioning; determining that the provisioning request message received from the UE comprises a request to obtain one or more security credential parameters to access a network; allowing the UE to defer one or more general authentication procedures to grant limited access to the network _for the UE based on the request; transmitting the provisioning request message to a registration entity; receiving a provisioning accept message in response to the registration entity accepting the request to establish a provisioning procedure, wherein the registration entity determines to accept the request to establish the provisioning procedure based on the PPT and the one or more PPT parameters; and performing the provisioning procedure in response to receiving the provisioning accept message and based on the PPT and the one or more PPT parameters, wherein the PPT corresponds to the inline provisioning over the data plane. receiving a provisioning request message from a user equipment, UE after the UE establishes a Radio Resource Control, RRC, connection, wherein the provisioning request message indicates a provisioning procedure type, PPT, and one or more PPT parameters, wherein the PPT corresponds to at least one of inline provisioning over a data plane, inline provisioning over a control plane, or offline provisioning; determining that the provisioning request message received from the UE comprises a request to obtain one or more security credential parameters to access a network; allowing the UE to defer one or more general authentication procedures to grant limited access to the network _for the UE based on the request; transmitting the provisioning request message to a registration entity; receiving a provisioning accept message in response to the registration entity accepting the request to establish a provisioning procedure, wherein the registration entity determines to accept the request to establish the provisioning procedure based on the PPT and the one or more PPT parameters; and performing the provisioning procedure in response to receiving the provisioning accept message and based on the PPT and the one or more PPT parameters, wherein the PPT corresponds to the inline provisioning over the data plane.
An implant for insertion into an intervertebral disc space between superior and inferior vertebral bodies, the implant comprising: first and second bone fixation elements; a spacer portion including a top surface for contacting the superior vertebral body, a bottom surface for contacting the inferior vertebral body, a first side surface, a second side surface, a leading surface and a trailing surface; and a plate portion separately formed from the spacer portion and coupled to the spacer portion, the plate portion including a top surface, a bottom surface, a first side surface, a second side surface, a leading surface and a trailing surface, the plate portion further including first and second bone fixation holes sized and adapted for receiving the first and second bone fixation elements, respectively, the first bone fixation hole being angled so that the first bone fixation element engages the superior vertebral body, the second bone fixation hole being angled so that the second bone fixation element engages the inferior vertebral body; wherein the spacer portion includes one or more recesses formed in the side surfaces (26, 28) or trailing surface for engaging one or more projections extending from the plate portion, characterized in that the recesses extend only partially from either the top or bottom surface (22, 24) to the bottom or top surface (24, 22), respectively. first and second bone fixation elements; a spacer portion including a top surface for contacting the superior vertebral body, a bottom surface for contacting the inferior vertebral body, a first side surface, a second side surface, a leading surface and a trailing surface; and a plate portion separately formed from the spacer portion and coupled to the spacer portion, the plate portion including a top surface, a bottom surface, a first side surface, a second side surface, a leading surface and a trailing surface, the plate portion further including first and second bone fixation holes sized and adapted for receiving the first and second bone fixation elements, respectively, the first bone fixation hole being angled so that the first bone fixation element engages the superior vertebral body, the second bone fixation hole being angled so that the second bone fixation element engages the inferior vertebral body; wherein the spacer portion includes one or more recesses formed in the side surfaces (26, 28) or trailing surface for engaging one or more projections extending from the plate portion, characterized in that the recesses extend only partially from either the top or bottom surface (22, 24) to the bottom or top surface (24, 22), respectively.
An apparatus for producing a nonwoven fabric from fibres, in particular from fibres of thermoplastic material, wherein at least one spinning device for spinning the fibres and an air-permeable deposit conveyor, in particular a depositing foraminous belt, is provided for depositing the fibres to form a nonwoven web or to form a nonwoven fabric, wherein at least one extraction device is provided by means of which the air or process air in the deposition area of the fibres in a main extraction area can be sucked through the deposit conveyor, wherein the main extraction area below the deposit conveyor is delimited in an inlet area of the deposit conveyor and in an outlet area of the deposit conveyor by one suction partition (28.1, 28.2) in each case, wherein the conveyor-side end of at least one, in particular one suction partition (28.1, 28.2) or a part of the relevant suction partition (28.1, 28.2) arranged at the shortest vertical distance from the deposit conveyor has a vertical distance A from the deposit conveyor between 10 mm and 250 mm, in particular between 25 mm and 200 mm, preferably between 28 mm and 150 mm, preferably between 29 mm and 120 mm and very preferably between 30 mm and 120 mm, wherein at least one, in particular one suction partition (28.1, 28.2) at its conveyor-side end comprises a partition section configured as a spoiler section which is angled from the remaining suction partition (28.1, 28.2) and wherein the conveyor-side end of the spoiler section or a part of the spoiler section arranged at the shortest vertical distance from the deposit conveyer has the vertical distance A from the deposit conveyor, and wherein the spoiler section - is more angled relative to a vertical V oriented perpendicular to the deposit conveyor surface F than a partition section of the further or opposite suction partition (28.1, 28.2) on the deposit conveyor side - and/or in its projection onto the deposit conveyor surface F has a greater length L than the corresponding projection of an angled or bent partition section of the further or opposite suction partition (28.1, 28.2) on the deposit conveyor side - and/or has a greater spacing A from the deposit conveyor in relation to its conveyor-side end than the conveyor-side end of the partition section of the further or opposite suction partition (28.1, 28.2) on the deposit conveyor side. - is more angled relative to a vertical V oriented perpendicular to the deposit conveyor surface F than a partition section of the further or opposite suction partition (28.1, 28.2) on the deposit conveyor side - and/or in its projection onto the deposit conveyor surface F has a greater length L than the corresponding projection of an angled or bent partition section of the further or opposite suction partition (28.1, 28.2) on the deposit conveyor side - and/or has a greater spacing A from the deposit conveyor in relation to its conveyor-side end than the conveyor-side end of the partition section of the further or opposite suction partition (28.1, 28.2) on the deposit conveyor side.
An apparatus comprising: a microfluidic channel; and a flow sensor along the microfluidic channel, the flow sensor comprising: a heat emitting resistor for connection to an electric current source, the heat emitting resistor having a resistance that varies in response to temperature; an electrical parameter sensor to sense an electrical parameter of the heat emitting resistor that is based on the resistance of the heat emitting resistor; electronics that determine a flow based on the sensed electrical parameter; electronic circuitry to transmit time-spaced electrical pulses across the heat emitting resistor; and a pump, characterised in that the time-spaced electrical pulses are asynchronous with pumping by the pump. a microfluidic channel; and a flow sensor along the microfluidic channel, the flow sensor comprising: a heat emitting resistor for connection to an electric current source, the heat emitting resistor having a resistance that varies in response to temperature; an electrical parameter sensor to sense an electrical parameter of the heat emitting resistor that is based on the resistance of the heat emitting resistor; electronics that determine a flow based on the sensed electrical parameter; electronic circuitry to transmit time-spaced electrical pulses across the heat emitting resistor; and a pump, characterised in that the time-spaced electrical pulses are asynchronous with pumping by the pump. a heat emitting resistor for connection to an electric current source, the heat emitting resistor having a resistance that varies in response to temperature; an electrical parameter sensor to sense an electrical parameter of the heat emitting resistor that is based on the resistance of the heat emitting resistor; electronics that determine a flow based on the sensed electrical parameter; electronic circuitry to transmit time-spaced electrical pulses across the heat emitting resistor; and a pump, characterised in that the time-spaced electrical pulses are asynchronous with pumping by the pump.
Air spring for running gear assemblies of vehicles, which is clamped with an air spring piston and an air spring cover between the running gear assembly and the vehicle body of a motor vehicle, - having an air spring bellows made from elastomeric material, which at least partially delimits a compressed air-filled working chamber and which, forming at least one rolling fold, rolls on the air spring piston, wherein the air spring bellows is attached by means of clamping elements at a first end to the air spring cover and at a second end to the air spring piston, - having an external guide, which is attached to the air spring bellows and spaced apart from the air spring cover and which is attached to the air spring bellows in such a way that a partial piece of the air spring bellows between the air spring cover and the external guide is formed as a cardanic fold which permits a deflection of the air spring bellows produced by forces acting perpendicular to the axis of the air spring bellows, wherein the air spring bellows has a folded-over ply at the first end, said folded-over ply being folded back over such a length that, after assembly of the air spring, the folded-over ply partially covers the external guide with an overlap, and the external guide is attached to the air spring bellows in the region of the overlap of the folded-over ply by means of an external clamping element, characterized in that means are provided which enable the air spring bellows to be folded over at a defined point. - having an air spring bellows made from elastomeric material, which at least partially delimits a compressed air-filled working chamber and which, forming at least one rolling fold, rolls on the air spring piston, wherein the air spring bellows is attached by means of clamping elements at a first end to the air spring cover and at a second end to the air spring piston, - having an external guide, which is attached to the air spring bellows and spaced apart from the air spring cover and which is attached to the air spring bellows in such a way that a partial piece of the air spring bellows between the air spring cover and the external guide is formed as a cardanic fold which permits a deflection of the air spring bellows produced by forces acting perpendicular to the axis of the air spring bellows, wherein the air spring bellows has a folded-over ply at the first end, said folded-over ply being folded back over such a length that, after assembly of the air spring, the folded-over ply partially covers the external guide with an overlap, and the external guide is attached to the air spring bellows in the region of the overlap of the folded-over ply by means of an external clamping element, characterized in that means are provided which enable the air spring bellows to be folded over at a defined point.
Articulated connection between two ring-shaped components (5, 6), namely a first component and a second component, - wherein the first component has a ball-socket-segment-shaped inner contour, - wherein the second component has a ball-socket-segment-shaped outer contour whose shape is complementary to the inner contour of the first component and is movably arranged therein, - wherein a ring-shaped end section of the inner contour facing the second component is formed on a retaining ring which is fastened to the first component, - wherein the retaining ring is divided in the circumferential direction and assembled from at least two part-rings which each extend in the circumferential direction, - wherein the end section of the inner contour formed on the retaining ring forms an undercut which the outer contour of the second component overlaps in a positive-locking manner, characterised in that the retaining ring consists of exactly two part-rings or half-rings which extend over 180° in the circumferential direction. - wherein the first component has a ball-socket-segment-shaped inner contour, - wherein the second component has a ball-socket-segment-shaped outer contour whose shape is complementary to the inner contour of the first component and is movably arranged therein, - wherein a ring-shaped end section of the inner contour facing the second component is formed on a retaining ring which is fastened to the first component, - wherein the retaining ring is divided in the circumferential direction and assembled from at least two part-rings which each extend in the circumferential direction, - wherein the end section of the inner contour formed on the retaining ring forms an undercut which the outer contour of the second component overlaps in a positive-locking manner,
A condensing heat exchanger, which includes a first tube with a circular or slightly ovalized section, helically wound, positioned inside a casing impervious to gases, and for which the turns are slightly moved away from each other by an interstice of a small width a1, this tube being covered by a fluid to be heated up, such as notably water, a burner being adapted for generating inside this helical tube hot gases and so that they cross these interstices from the inside to the outside, so as to heat up the fluid circulating in the tube, this exchanger further comprising at least one second tube of circular or slightly ovalized section, helically wound and through which also a fluid to be heated up flows, the pitch of which is equal to that of the first tube, but for which the winding diameter is greater than that (Δ1) of the first tube, the helical winding which forms this second tube being positioned concentrically around the helical winding which forms the first tube, but with a shift of a half-pitch in the axial direction (X-X'), these tubes (1, 2) being made in a good heat conducting metal, said casing being provided with a sleeve for discharging the cooled gases which have crossed the turns of each winding, characterized by the fact that said tubes have a configuration such that: - the minimum distance b between both tubes (1, 2) is constant with a value of less than or equal to half a1; - the width a2 of the interstice separating the turns of the second tube is equal to 2b, or less than this value. - the minimum distance b between both tubes (1, 2) is constant with a value of less than or equal to half a1; - the width a2 of the interstice separating the turns of the second tube is equal to 2b, or less than this value.
A filter circuit that is based on a MOS field effect transistor, comprising a first MOS field effect transistor and an electrostatic discharge unit; wherein a gate of the first MOS field effect transistor and a substrate of the first MOS field effect transistor form a filter capacitance during normal operation; wherein the electrostatic discharge unit and the first MOS field effect transistor form a discharge path that transfers aggregated electrostatic charges to ground during electrostatic discharge; wherein the electrostatic discharge unit comprises a second MOS field effect transistor and a third MOS field effect transistor, a drain of the first MOS field effect transistor, a drain of the second MOS field effect transistor and a drain of the third MOS field effect transistor are interconnected; a gate of the first MOS field effect transistor, a gate of the second MOS field effect transistor and a gate of the third MOS field effect transistor are all grounded; a source of the first MOS field effect transistor, the substrate of the first MOS field effect transistor, a source of the second MOS field effect transistor and a substrate of the second MOS field effect transistor are connected to a power supply; and a source of the third MOS field effect transistor and a substrate of the third MOS field effect transistor are grounded. wherein a gate of the first MOS field effect transistor and a substrate of the first MOS field effect transistor form a filter capacitance during normal operation; wherein the electrostatic discharge unit and the first MOS field effect transistor form a discharge path that transfers aggregated electrostatic charges to ground during electrostatic discharge; wherein the electrostatic discharge unit comprises a second MOS field effect transistor and a third MOS field effect transistor, a drain of the first MOS field effect transistor, a drain of the second MOS field effect transistor and a drain of the third MOS field effect transistor are interconnected; a gate of the first MOS field effect transistor, a gate of the second MOS field effect transistor and a gate of the third MOS field effect transistor are all grounded; a source of the first MOS field effect transistor, the substrate of the first MOS field effect transistor, a source of the second MOS field effect transistor and a substrate of the second MOS field effect transistor are connected to a power supply; and a source of the third MOS field effect transistor and a substrate of the third MOS field effect transistor are grounded.