A passive optical network, PON, fault locating method, comprising: obtaining, by a fault locating apparatus, parameters and optical line parameters of a plurality of node devices in a PON, wherein the plurality of node devices comprise an optical line terminal, OLT, and an optical network unit, ONU, and the parameters of the plurality of node devices include parameters of an optical module and parameters of another component in the respective node device, and the optical line parameters include a quality of an optical signal on an optical line which indicates a path used for transmitting an optical signal between the OLT and the ONU; and inputting (S102, S305), by the fault locating apparatus, the parameters and the optical line parameters of the plurality of node devices into a first fault locating model that is pre-established through training, to obtain a first fault locating result of the PON so that the fault locating apparatus performs centralized fault locating by using the first fault locating model so that the fault locating apparatus can locate a fault in the entire PON, further comprising: receiving, by the fault locating apparatus, second fault locating results sent by the plurality of node devices, wherein the second fault locating result sent by each node device is obtained by the node device by inputting parameters and optical line parameters of the node device into a second fault locating model that is pre-established through training, each one of the plurality of node devices has performed distributed fault locating by using the second fault locating model; obtaining, by the fault locating apparatus, a combined fault locating result based on the first fault locating result and the second fault locating results; and sending (S306, S310), by the fault locating apparatus, the combined fault locating result to an operation support system, OSS, or an application server. obtaining, by a fault locating apparatus, parameters and optical line parameters of a plurality of node devices in a PON, wherein the plurality of node devices comprise an optical line terminal, OLT, and an optical network unit, ONU, and the parameters of the plurality of node devices include parameters of an optical module and parameters of another component in the respective node device, and the optical line parameters include a quality of an optical signal on an optical line which indicates a path used for transmitting an optical signal between the OLT and the ONU; and inputting (S102, S305), by the fault locating apparatus, the parameters and the optical line parameters of the plurality of node devices into a first fault locating model that is pre-established through training, to obtain a first fault locating result of the PON so that the fault locating apparatus performs centralized fault locating by using the first fault locating model so that the fault locating apparatus can locate a fault in the entire PON, further comprising: receiving, by the fault locating apparatus, second fault locating results sent by the plurality of node devices, wherein the second fault locating result sent by each node device is obtained by the node device by inputting parameters and optical line parameters of the node device into a second fault locating model that is pre-established through training, each one of the plurality of node devices has performed distributed fault locating by using the second fault locating model; obtaining, by the fault locating apparatus, a combined fault locating result based on the first fault locating result and the second fault locating results; and sending (S306, S310), by the fault locating apparatus, the combined fault locating result to an operation support system, OSS, or an application server. receiving, by the fault locating apparatus, second fault locating results sent by the plurality of node devices, wherein the second fault locating result sent by each node device is obtained by the node device by inputting parameters and optical line parameters of the node device into a second fault locating model that is pre-established through training, each one of the plurality of node devices has performed distributed fault locating by using the second fault locating model; obtaining, by the fault locating apparatus, a combined fault locating result based on the first fault locating result and the second fault locating results; and sending (S306, S310), by the fault locating apparatus, the combined fault locating result to an operation support system, OSS, or an application server.