A method for accessing data in a storage device wherein the method is executed by a host and a storage controller, said storage controller located in the storage device, the storage device further comprises at least one flash memory chip that communicates with the storage controller, and the method comprises: receiving, by the storage controller, a first address used to access a flash memory chip and identification information used to indicate a physical or logical address type of the first address, wherein the first address and the identification information are sent by the host; the identification information is first identification information or second identification information; the first address is sent by a logical address processing module located at a bottom software layer of the host; and the logical address processing module determines, after receiving a first logical address sent by a logical address sending module located at an upper software layer of the host, whether the first logical address belongs to a logical address corresponding to operating system data or a logical address corresponding to user data, and when determining that the first logical address belongs to the logical address corresponding to the operating system data, sends the first logical address to the storage controller and sends the first identification information to the storage controller, wherein in this case, the first address is the first logical address; or when determining that the first logical address belongs to the logical address corresponding to the user data, converts the first logical address into a second physical address, then sends the second physical address to the storage controller, and sends the second identification information to the storage controller, wherein in this case, the first address is the second physical address; and when it is determined that the identification information is the first identification information, converting, by the storage controller, the first address into a first physical address, and accessing the flash memory chip according to the first physical address; or when it is determined that the identification information is the second identification information, accessing, by the storage controller, the flash memory chip according to the received first address. receiving, by the storage controller, a first address used to access a flash memory chip and identification information used to indicate a physical or logical address type of the first address, wherein the first address and the identification information are sent by the host; the identification information is first identification information or second identification information; the first address is sent by a logical address processing module located at a bottom software layer of the host; and the logical address processing module determines, after receiving a first logical address sent by a logical address sending module located at an upper software layer of the host, whether the first logical address belongs to a logical address corresponding to operating system data or a logical address corresponding to user data, and when determining that the first logical address belongs to the logical address corresponding to the operating system data, sends the first logical address to the storage controller and sends the first identification information to the storage controller, wherein in this case, the first address is the first logical address; or when determining that the first logical address belongs to the logical address corresponding to the user data, converts the first logical address into a second physical address, then sends the second physical address to the storage controller, and sends the second identification information to the storage controller, wherein in this case, the first address is the second physical address; and when it is determined that the identification information is the first identification information, converting, by the storage controller, the first address into a first physical address, and accessing the flash memory chip according to the first physical address; or when it is determined that the identification information is the second identification information, accessing, by the storage controller, the flash memory chip according to the received first address.