A device for removing wheel burrs with brushes, comprising a main frame, a secondary frame, a supporting plate, a lower cylinder, a guide sleeve, a lower guide post, a lifting platform, a lower servo motor, a bearing seat, a shaft, a bearing, air compressors, a circular rotating plate, sleeves, a capsule, a supporting platform, a positioning plate, guide rails, sliders, cylinders, an upper cylinder, an upper guide post, a pressing plate, a pressing sleeve, an upper servo motor, a coupling, a rotary table, a guide column, an adjusting cylinder, an upper air compressor, a feed platform and a conical capsule comprising burr brushes which are evenly distributed on the outer surface of said conical capsule; wherein the adjusting cylinder is mounted under the rotary table and controls an up and down movement of the feed platform under the guiding action of the guide column the upper air compressor is fixed at the center of the feed platform, and the output end of the upper air compressor is connected with the conical capsule, the conical capsule is made of a plastic material, that is expanded becoming large after being filled with compressed air, and is restored to its original state after the compressed air is removed, wherein when a wheel is positioned and clamped, the adjusting cylinder is operated to drive the conical capsule to move downwardly to a suitable height, and then the upper air compressor is operated to fill the conical capsule with compressed air, under the action of the pressure, the conical capsule is expanded and becomes larger, and the burr brushes on the surface of the conical capsule contact an inner wall of a wheel center cap mouth and fit the inner wall evenly and tightly, such that when the upper servo motor is operated to drive the conical capsule to rotate, burrs in the wheel center cap mouth are removed, wherein the lower servo motor is installed at the center of the lifting platform, the output end of the lower servo motor is connected to the circular rotating plate, the circular rotating plate is symmetrically provided with the air compressors in the left and right sides, and the output ends of the air compressors are connected with the sleeves; burr brushes are evenly distributed in the surface of the capsule, one end of the capsule is connected to the sleeves, and the other end is connected to the sliders; the sliders are mounted on the guide rails, the positions of the left and right sliders can be respectively adjusted by the cylinders on the left and right sides, thereby adjusting the initial width of the capsule, so as to match different wheel back cavity widths, when the wheel is positioned and clamped, the center cap mouth burr removing system is operated, at the same time, a wheel spoke back cavity burr removing system also is operated, firstly, the lower cylinder is operated to drive the rotating plate to move upwardly to a suitable height, and then the air compressors are operated to fill the capsule with compressed air, under the action of the pressure, the capsule is expanded and becomes larger, and adaptively deforms according to the shape of the wheel spoke back cavity, burr brushes on the surface of the capsule contact the wheel spoke back cavity and fit the wheel spoke back cavity evenly and tightly, so as to achieve consistency between the burr brushes and the shape of the back cavity, finally, the lower servo motor is operated to drive the rotating plate to rotate, thereby driving the burr brushes to rotate, so as to remove the burr from the wheel spoke back cavity.