A specimen processing apparatus comprising: a holder which holds a cup-like specimen container accommodating a specimen in an upright position; a chain member disposed along a predetermined transport path; and a supporting portion provided in a predetermined position on the chain member and configured to support the holder a guide rail configured to guide the holder along the predetermined transport path, wherein the specimen container is a cylindrical cup which accommodates the specimen, the chain member comprises a plurality of link pieces connected to one another and arranged along the transport path below the guide rail, the chain member comprises a supporting portion comprising a supporting hole, and the holder comprises a holding portion configured to hold an outer peripheral portion of a lower part of the cup above the guide rail, a neck portion located below the holding portion and configured to be guided by the guide rail, and an engaging portion located below the neck portion, projecting downward, and configured to be fitted into the supporting hole of the chain member, characterized by the holder further comprising a disk portion provided coaxially with the specimen container; a stirring unit located beside the transport path and configured to rotate the holder which holds the specimen container in an upright position, thereby stirring the specimen therein; and an aliquoting/dispensing unit located downstream relative to the stirring unit in the transport path and configured to distribute and dispense the specimen in the specimen container into another container; the stirring unit comprising a stirring motor and a roller connected to the stirring motor for rotation, wherein the stirring unit is configured to rotate the specimen container by the roller contacting the disk portion. a holder which holds a cup-like specimen container accommodating a specimen in an upright position; a chain member disposed along a predetermined transport path; and a supporting portion provided in a predetermined position on the chain member and configured to support the holder a guide rail configured to guide the holder along the predetermined transport path, wherein the specimen container is a cylindrical cup which accommodates the specimen, the chain member comprises a plurality of link pieces connected to one another and arranged along the transport path below the guide rail, the chain member comprises a supporting portion comprising a supporting hole, and the holder comprises a holding portion configured to hold an outer peripheral portion of a lower part of the cup above the guide rail, a neck portion located below the holding portion and configured to be guided by the guide rail, and an engaging portion located below the neck portion, projecting downward, and configured to be fitted into the supporting hole of the chain member, characterized by the holder further comprising a disk portion provided coaxially with the specimen container; a stirring unit located beside the transport path and configured to rotate the holder which holds the specimen container in an upright position, thereby stirring the specimen therein; and an aliquoting/dispensing unit located downstream relative to the stirring unit in the transport path and configured to distribute and dispense the specimen in the specimen container into another container; the stirring unit comprising a stirring motor and a roller connected to the stirring motor for rotation, wherein the stirring unit is configured to rotate the specimen container by the roller contacting the disk portion.