An antibiotic preparation method, comprising steps as follows: determining targets selected from prokaryotic cells, eukaryotic cells and viruses with phospholipid bilayer membranes as the basic structure of its cell membrane or envelope; designing a molecular structure of said novel antibiotic according to the following general formula: wherein R is a recognition region, which specifically recognizes said targets or combines with said targets and F is an effect region, which produces pharmaceutical effects in said targets, said pharmaceutical effects being causing death; establishing a molecular structure library for the recognition region, which comprises artificially preparing artificial substances which specifically recognize said targets as well as obtaining a molecular structure of these artificial substances; establishing a molecular structure library for the effect region, wherein said effect region comprises a bioactive substance which can form an ion channel or a pore path in said phospholipid bilayer membranes; designing a recombinant molecular structure library on the basis of said molecular structure libraries for the recognition and effect regions according to said general formula by structural readjustment, structural recombination and/or structural confirmation of the molecular structures for the effect or recognition region; based on said recombinant molecular structure library, preparing and verifying recombinants to obtain candidates for novel antibiotics; and screening the candidates for fulfilment of requirements as medicine to obtain novel antibiotics; wherein said artificial substances are antibody mimetics designed according to the amino acid sequence of an immunoglobulin which can specifically recognize a unique substance on said targets. determining targets selected from prokaryotic cells, eukaryotic cells and viruses with phospholipid bilayer membranes as the basic structure of its cell membrane or envelope; designing a molecular structure of said novel antibiotic according to the following general formula: wherein R is a recognition region, which specifically recognizes said targets or combines with said targets and F is an effect region, which produces pharmaceutical effects in said targets, said pharmaceutical effects being causing death; R is a recognition region, which specifically recognizes said targets or combines with said targets and F is an effect region, which produces pharmaceutical effects in said targets, said pharmaceutical effects being causing death; establishing a molecular structure library for the recognition region, which comprises artificially preparing artificial substances which specifically recognize said targets as well as obtaining a molecular structure of these artificial substances; establishing a molecular structure library for the effect region, wherein said effect region comprises a bioactive substance which can form an ion channel or a pore path in said phospholipid bilayer membranes; designing a recombinant molecular structure library on the basis of said molecular structure libraries for the recognition and effect regions according to said general formula by structural readjustment, structural recombination and/or structural confirmation of the molecular structures for the effect or recognition region; based on said recombinant molecular structure library, preparing and verifying recombinants to obtain candidates for novel antibiotics; and screening the candidates for fulfilment of requirements as medicine to obtain novel antibiotics;