A method for identifying a subtype of head and neck cancer, comprising the steps of: measuring expression levels of miRNAs of a first group and a second group in a biological sample isolated from a subject; and identifying the subtype of head and neck cancer based on expression patterns of the first group and the second group, wherein the first group is any one or more selected from the group consisting of miR-206, miR-127-5p, miR-432-5p, miR-409-5p, miR-145-3p, miR-497-5p, miR-195-5p, miR-150-5p, miR-140-3p, miR-214-3p, miR-125b-5p and miR-99a-5p, and the second group is any one or more selected from the group consisting of miR-203a, miR-200a-5p, miR-200a-3p, miR-200b-5p, miR-200b-3p, miR-200c-3p, miR-141-3p, miR-205-5p, miR-183-5p, miR-106b-3p, miR-93-5p, miR-17-3p, miR-17-5p, miR-20a-5p, miR-92a-3p, miR-744-5p, miR-324-3p, miR-193a-5p, miR-149-5p, miR-1307-3p, miR-107, miR-103a-3p, miR-221-3p, miR222, miR-532-5p, miR-24-3p, miR-27b-5p, miR-27b-3p and miR-23b-3p, wherein (i) when the miRNA of the first group is up-regulated, the subtype of head and neck cancer is identified as a stromal subtype, (ii) when the miRNA of the second group is down-regulated, the subtype of head and neck cancer is identified as a stromal subtype, (iii) when the miRNA of the first group is down-regulated, the subtype of head and neck cancer is identified as a tumor subtype, or (iv) when the miRNA of the second group is up-regulated, the subtype of head and neck cancer is identified as a tumor subtype. measuring expression levels of miRNAs of a first group and a second group in a biological sample isolated from a subject; and identifying the subtype of head and neck cancer based on expression patterns of the first group and the second group, wherein the first group is any one or more selected from the group consisting of miR-206, miR-127-5p, miR-432-5p, miR-409-5p, miR-145-3p, miR-497-5p, miR-195-5p, miR-150-5p, miR-140-3p, miR-214-3p, miR-125b-5p and miR-99a-5p, and the second group is any one or more selected from the group consisting of miR-203a, miR-200a-5p, miR-200a-3p, miR-200b-5p, miR-200b-3p, miR-200c-3p, miR-141-3p, miR-205-5p, miR-183-5p, miR-106b-3p, miR-93-5p, miR-17-3p, miR-17-5p, miR-20a-5p, miR-92a-3p, miR-744-5p, miR-324-3p, miR-193a-5p, miR-149-5p, miR-1307-3p, miR-107, miR-103a-3p, miR-221-3p, miR222, miR-532-5p, miR-24-3p, miR-27b-5p, miR-27b-3p and miR-23b-3p, wherein (i) when the miRNA of the first group is up-regulated, the subtype of head and neck cancer is identified as a stromal subtype, (ii) when the miRNA of the second group is down-regulated, the subtype of head and neck cancer is identified as a stromal subtype, (iii) when the miRNA of the first group is down-regulated, the subtype of head and neck cancer is identified as a tumor subtype, or (iv) when the miRNA of the second group is up-regulated, the subtype of head and neck cancer is identified as a tumor subtype. (i) when the miRNA of the first group is up-regulated, the subtype of head and neck cancer is identified as a stromal subtype, (ii) when the miRNA of the second group is down-regulated, the subtype of head and neck cancer is identified as a stromal subtype, (iii) when the miRNA of the first group is down-regulated, the subtype of head and neck cancer is identified as a tumor subtype, or (iv) when the miRNA of the second group is up-regulated, the subtype of head and neck cancer is identified as a tumor subtype.