A sampling device for collecting samples of the alveolar respiratory portion comprising a pneumatic circuit managed/controlled by an electrical interface, wherein said pneumatic circuit comprises: - A plurality of 2-way solenoid valves (V1, V2, V3, V4) - At least one patient breath cartridge (Cp) - At least one ambient air cartridge (Ca) - At least one suction pump - At least one flow meter - At least a first buffer wherein said cartridges (Ca and Cp) are configured to allow the identification of the differences between the ambient air, also breathed by the patient, and the breath of the patient him/herself, so as to be able to determine whether a contamination is present in the ambient air or it is due to a pathology of the patient; wherein said electrical interface is operatively connected to said pneumatic circuit and further comprises: - At least one heating element, - At least one temperature sensor, - At least one power supply outside or inside the device itself, and characterized in that the device: - comprises a plurality of 3-way solenoid valves (V5, V6), - comprises at least a second buffer - comprises two disposable mouthpieces so that the patient can exhale alternately in said two disposable mouthpieces to fill the two buffers B1 and B2 with breath, - is configured so that the pump P, once activated, empties the buffer B1 first and the buffer B2, pouring the contents into the patient breath cartridge (Cp). a pneumatic circuit managed/controlled by an electrical interface, wherein said pneumatic circuit comprises: - A plurality of 2-way solenoid valves (V1, V2, V3, V4) - At least one patient breath cartridge (Cp) - At least one ambient air cartridge (Ca) - At least one suction pump - At least one flow meter - At least a first buffer - A plurality of 2-way solenoid valves (V1, V2, V3, V4) - At least one patient breath cartridge (Cp) - At least one ambient air cartridge (Ca) - At least one suction pump - At least one flow meter - At least a first buffer wherein said cartridges (Ca and Cp) are configured to allow the identification of the differences between the ambient air, also breathed by the patient, and the breath of the patient him/herself, so as to be able to determine whether a contamination is present in the ambient air or it is due to a pathology of the patient; wherein said electrical interface is operatively connected to said pneumatic circuit and further comprises: - At least one heating element, - At least one temperature sensor, - At least one power supply outside or inside the device itself, - At least one heating element, - At least one temperature sensor, - At least one power supply outside or inside the device itself, and characterized in that the device: - comprises a plurality of 3-way solenoid valves (V5, V6), - comprises at least a second buffer - comprises two disposable mouthpieces so that the patient can exhale alternately in said two disposable mouthpieces to fill the two buffers B1 and B2 with breath, - is configured so that the pump P, once activated, empties the buffer B1 first and the buffer B2, pouring the contents into the patient breath cartridge (Cp). - comprises a plurality of 3-way solenoid valves (V5, V6), - comprises at least a second buffer - comprises two disposable mouthpieces so that the patient can exhale alternately in said two disposable mouthpieces to fill the two buffers B1 and B2 with breath, - is configured so that the pump P, once activated, empties the buffer B1 first and the buffer B2, pouring the contents into the patient breath cartridge (Cp).