An air-interface protocol stack configuration method, comprising: configuring an air-interface protocol stack to be used for data transmission in accordance with data transmission characteristics of communication ends for the data transmission; and transmitting configuration information or identification information about the air-interface protocol stack to at least one of the communication ends for the data transmission, characterized in that, configuring an air-interface protocol stack to be used for data transmission in accordance with data transmission characteristics of communication ends for the data transmission comprises: in a case that a Long Term Evolution LTE air-interface protocol stack is adopted, selecting at least one of a Packet Data Convergence Protocol PDCP layer, a Radio Link Control RLC layer and a Media Access Control MAC layer as the air-interface protocol stack to be used for the data transmission; in a case that a new air-interface protocol stack is adopted, configuring at least one air-interface protocol layer and a function of the at least one air-interface protocol layer; or in a case that a new air-interface protocol stack and at least two air-interface protocol layers are adopted, configuring functions of the at least two air-interface protocol layers and a hierarchical relationship between the at least two air-interface protocol layers configuring an air-interface protocol stack to be used for data transmission in accordance with data transmission characteristics of communication ends for the data transmission; and transmitting configuration information or identification information about the air-interface protocol stack to at least one of the communication ends for the data transmission, characterized in that, configuring an air-interface protocol stack to be used for data transmission in accordance with data transmission characteristics of communication ends for the data transmission comprises: in a case that a Long Term Evolution LTE air-interface protocol stack is adopted, selecting at least one of a Packet Data Convergence Protocol PDCP layer, a Radio Link Control RLC layer and a Media Access Control MAC layer as the air-interface protocol stack to be used for the data transmission; in a case that a new air-interface protocol stack is adopted, configuring at least one air-interface protocol layer and a function of the at least one air-interface protocol layer; or in a case that a new air-interface protocol stack and at least two air-interface protocol layers are adopted, configuring functions of the at least two air-interface protocol layers and a hierarchical relationship between the at least two air-interface protocol layers in a case that a Long Term Evolution LTE air-interface protocol stack is adopted, selecting at least one of a Packet Data Convergence Protocol PDCP layer, a Radio Link Control RLC layer and a Media Access Control MAC layer as the air-interface protocol stack to be used for the data transmission; in a case that a new air-interface protocol stack is adopted, configuring at least one air-interface protocol layer and a function of the at least one air-interface protocol layer; or in a case that a new air-interface protocol stack and at least two air-interface protocol layers are adopted, configuring functions of the at least two air-interface protocol layers and a hierarchical relationship between the at least two air-interface protocol layers