A tissue identification device comprising: a calculating section configured to acquire a first measured value and a second measured value and calculate a ratio of the first measured value to the second measured value or a reciprocal of the ratio; and an identification information generating section configured to generate identification information indicative of a type or a state of biological tissue by determining within which of a plurality of preset numerical ranges the ratio or the reciprocal calculated by the calculating section falls, wherein the first measured value is a transmittance, a reflectance, or an absorbance indicated by a transmitted portion of first inspection light transmitted through the biological tissue or a reflected portion of first inspection light reflected from the biological tissue, the second measured value is a transmittance, a reflectance, or an absorbance indicated by a transmitted portion of second inspection light transmitted through the biological tissue or a reflected portion of second inspection light reflected from the biological tissue, and the first inspection light and the second inspection light have respective different peak wavelengths in a range of from 2 μm to 20 μm, inclusive, the tissue identification device being characterised in further comprising: a determining section configured to determine from which organ the biological tissue is derived or determine which type or state is a candidate for the type or the state of the biological tissue, by comparing (i) a spectrum of a transmittance, a reflectance, or an absorbance indicated by light transmitted through the biological tissue or light reflected from the biological tissue and (ii) pre-stored spectra for a plurality of pieces of tissue derived from a plurality of types of organs or pre-stored spectra for a plurality of types of tissue in an organ; and a light source control section configured to control a light source, which is configured to emit the first inspection light and the second inspection light, to emit the first inspection light and the second inspection light that correspond to the organ or the candidate determined by the determining section. a calculating section configured to acquire a first measured value and a second measured value and calculate a ratio of the first measured value to the second measured value or a reciprocal of the ratio; and an identification information generating section configured to generate identification information indicative of a type or a state of biological tissue by determining within which of a plurality of preset numerical ranges the ratio or the reciprocal calculated by the calculating section falls, wherein the first measured value is a transmittance, a reflectance, or an absorbance indicated by a transmitted portion of first inspection light transmitted through the biological tissue or a reflected portion of first inspection light reflected from the biological tissue, the second measured value is a transmittance, a reflectance, or an absorbance indicated by a transmitted portion of second inspection light transmitted through the biological tissue or a reflected portion of second inspection light reflected from the biological tissue, and the first inspection light and the second inspection light have respective different peak wavelengths in a range of from 2 μm to 20 μm, inclusive, the tissue identification device being characterised in further comprising: a determining section configured to determine from which organ the biological tissue is derived or determine which type or state is a candidate for the type or the state of the biological tissue, by comparing (i) a spectrum of a transmittance, a reflectance, or an absorbance indicated by light transmitted through the biological tissue or light reflected from the biological tissue and (ii) pre-stored spectra for a plurality of pieces of tissue derived from a plurality of types of organs or pre-stored spectra for a plurality of types of tissue in an organ; and a light source control section configured to control a light source, which is configured to emit the first inspection light and the second inspection light, to emit the first inspection light and the second inspection light that correspond to the organ or the candidate determined by the determining section. a determining section configured to determine from which organ the biological tissue is derived or determine which type or state is a candidate for the type or the state of the biological tissue, by comparing (i) a spectrum of a transmittance, a reflectance, or an absorbance indicated by light transmitted through the biological tissue or light reflected from the biological tissue and (ii) pre-stored spectra for a plurality of pieces of tissue derived from a plurality of types of organs or pre-stored spectra for a plurality of types of tissue in an organ; and a light source control section configured to control a light source, which is configured to emit the first inspection light and the second inspection light, to emit the first inspection light and the second inspection light that correspond to the organ or the candidate determined by the determining section.