A self cooling light source comprising: at least one light-emitting diode (2410, 2458, 2476, 2530, 2571, 2581, 2610, 2710, 2810, 2950) for emitting light; and at least one light transmitting thermally conductive translucent element (2420, 2452, 2478, 2514, 2570, 2516, 2642, 2720, 2838, 2840, 2834, 2940), said at least one light-emitting diode (2410, 2458, 2476, 2530, 2571, 2581, 2610, 2710, 2810, 2950) being mounted on said at least one light transmitting thermally conductive translucent element (2420, 2452, 2478, 2514, 2570, 2516, 2642, 2720, 2838, 2840, 2834, 2940), said at least one light transmitting thermally conductive translucent element (2420, 2452, 2478, 2514, 2570, 2516, 2642, 2720, 2838, 2840, 2834, 2940) having a heat emitting surface through which most of the heat from said at least one light-emitting diode (2410, 2458, 2476, 2530, 2571, 2581, 2610, 2710, 2810, 2950) is dissipated; wherein said at least one light transmitting thermally conductive translucent element (2420, 2452, 2478, 2514, 2570, 2516, 2642, 2720, 2838, 2840, 2834, 2940) has a higher light reflectivity than light transmissivity; the self cooling light source further comprising: a reflective enclosure (2424; 2450; 2470; 2510, 2512, 2516, 2560, 2570; 2734, 2736, 2738; 2832, 2836, 2842; 2942, 2944, 2946, 2920, 2930) forming, with the at least one light transmitting thermally conductive translucent element (2420, 2452, 2478, 2514, 2570, 2516, 2642, 2720, 2838, 2840, 2834, 2940), a light recycling cavity (2575; 2520; 2820; 2910) that redirects most of the light emitted by said at least one light- emitting diode (2410, 2458, 2476, 2530, 2571, 2581, 2610, 2710, 2810, 2950) to pass through and exit from said light transmitting thermally conductive translucent element (2420, 2452, 2478, 2514, 2570, 2516, 2642, 2720, 2838, 2840, 2834, 2940) through said heat emitting surface, wherein the light extraction efficiency of said light recycling cavity exceeds the light transmissivity of the at least one light transmitting thermally conductive translucent element (2420, 2452, 2478, 2514, 2570, 2516, 2642, 2720, 2838, 2840, 2834, 2940). at least one light-emitting diode (2410, 2458, 2476, 2530, 2571, 2581, 2610, 2710, 2810, 2950) for emitting light; and at least one light transmitting thermally conductive translucent element (2420, 2452, 2478, 2514, 2570, 2516, 2642, 2720, 2838, 2840, 2834, 2940), said at least one light-emitting diode (2410, 2458, 2476, 2530, 2571, 2581, 2610, 2710, 2810, 2950) being mounted on said at least one light transmitting thermally conductive translucent element (2420, 2452, 2478, 2514, 2570, 2516, 2642, 2720, 2838, 2840, 2834, 2940), said at least one light transmitting thermally conductive translucent element (2420, 2452, 2478, 2514, 2570, 2516, 2642, 2720, 2838, 2840, 2834, 2940) having a heat emitting surface through which most of the heat from said at least one light-emitting diode (2410, 2458, 2476, 2530, 2571, 2581, 2610, 2710, 2810, 2950) is dissipated; wherein said at least one light transmitting thermally conductive translucent element (2420, 2452, 2478, 2514, 2570, 2516, 2642, 2720, 2838, 2840, 2834, 2940) has a higher light reflectivity than light transmissivity; the self cooling light source further comprising: a reflective enclosure (2424; 2450; 2470; 2510, 2512, 2516, 2560, 2570; 2734, 2736, 2738; 2832, 2836, 2842; 2942, 2944, 2946, 2920, 2930) forming, with the at least one light transmitting thermally conductive translucent element (2420, 2452, 2478, 2514, 2570, 2516, 2642, 2720, 2838, 2840, 2834, 2940), a light recycling cavity (2575; 2520; 2820; 2910) that redirects most of the light emitted by said at least one light- emitting diode (2410, 2458, 2476, 2530, 2571, 2581, 2610, 2710, 2810, 2950) to pass through and exit from said light transmitting thermally conductive translucent element (2420, 2452, 2478, 2514, 2570, 2516, 2642, 2720, 2838, 2840, 2834, 2940) through said heat emitting surface, wherein the light extraction efficiency of said light recycling cavity exceeds the light transmissivity of the at least one light transmitting thermally conductive translucent element (2420, 2452, 2478, 2514, 2570, 2516, 2642, 2720, 2838, 2840, 2834, 2940).