A material analysis method for analyzing an unknown solid material supported on a chemical sensor, the method comprising: providing a chemical sensor with an unknown solid material to be measured supported thereon, said material forming a receptor layer, wherein the unknown solid material to be measured is a granular material having a particle size of 10 -2 m to 10 -4 m or powder having a particle size of less than 10 -4 m to 10 -9 m, the unknown solid material to be measured is dispersed in a solvent, and the dispersion is coated onto a sensor body of the chemical sensor to form a receptor layer without separating a plurality of kinds of components contained in a specimen of the unknown solid material to be measured into individual components and purifying the resulting components before being subjected to measurement using the chemical sensor, supplying two or more kinds of known probe fluids to the chemical sensor, and by using analysis means, analyzing the unknown solid material to be measured based on a signal output from the chemical sensor based on a change in a physical parameter induced by the unknown solid material to be measured in the receptor layer by the supplying of the two or more kinds of known probe fluids to the chemical sensor, wherein the analysis is at least one selected from: to distinguish whether or not the unknown material to be measured is the same as another material; to identify the unknown material to be measured; and to determine a quantity of a desired component in the unknown material to be measured, and wherein the analysis is performed based on a result of extracting a feature value from the signal output from the chemical sensor, and the unknown solid material to be measured is analyzed by subjecting the result of extracting the feature value from the signal output from the chemical sensor to machine learning or multivariate analysis. providing a chemical sensor with an unknown solid material to be measured supported thereon, said material forming a receptor layer, wherein the unknown solid material to be measured is a granular material having a particle size of 10 -2 m to 10 -4 m or powder having a particle size of less than 10 -4 m to 10 -9 m, the unknown solid material to be measured is dispersed in a solvent, and the dispersion is coated onto a sensor body of the chemical sensor to form a receptor layer without separating a plurality of kinds of components contained in a specimen of the unknown solid material to be measured into individual components and purifying the resulting components before being subjected to measurement using the chemical sensor, supplying two or more kinds of known probe fluids to the chemical sensor, and by using analysis means, analyzing the unknown solid material to be measured based on a signal output from the chemical sensor based on a change in a physical parameter induced by the unknown solid material to be measured in the receptor layer by the supplying of the two or more kinds of known probe fluids to the chemical sensor, wherein the analysis is at least one selected from: to distinguish whether or not the unknown material to be measured is the same as another material; to identify the unknown material to be measured; and to determine a quantity of a desired component in the unknown material to be measured, and wherein the analysis is performed based on a result of extracting a feature value from the signal output from the chemical sensor, and the unknown solid material to be measured is analyzed by subjecting the result of extracting the feature value from the signal output from the chemical sensor to machine learning or multivariate analysis.