An active antenna device, comprising: a transceiver array, a radio frequency calibration and test distribution network unit, an antenna passive distribution network unit, an antenna array, and S test connectors, wherein: the radio frequency calibration and test distribution network unit is connected with the transceiver array through first N data channels and M calibration channels, and connected via S data channels with the S test connectors, wherein the M calibration channels and the S data channels form Q data channels, wherein N is a positive integer more than 1, M is a positive integer more than or equal to 1, S is a positive integer more than or equal to 1, and Q is equal to a sum of M and S; the antenna passive distribution network unit is connected with the radio frequency calibration and test distribution network unit through second N data channels, and connected with the antenna array through P data channels, wherein P is a positive integer more than 1; the radio frequency calibration and test distribution network unit comprises N directional couplers, and a quantity of power distributor and synthesizer, wherein: a power distributor and synthesizer is a device configured to combine two channels into one or distribute one channel into two, the quantity of the power distributor and synthesizers in the radio frequency calibration and test distribution network unit is ∑ i = 1 K 1 2 i 2 + ∑ i = 1 K 2 2 i 2, wherein K 1 = log 2, K 2 = log 2 (M + S), N is a power of 2, and (M+S) is a power of 2, the N directional couplers connect the first N data channels with the second N data channels via corresponding input ports and transmitted ports of the N directional couplers, the N directional couplers connect the first N data channels with third N data channels via corresponding input ports and coupled ports of the N directional couplers, and the power distributor and synthesizers are arranged to either combine the third N data channels into a single signal and distribute the single signal into the Q data channels, or to combine the Q data channels into a single signal and distribute the single signal into the third N data channels. the radio frequency calibration and test distribution network unit is connected with the transceiver array through first N data channels and M calibration channels, and connected via S data channels with the S test connectors, wherein the M calibration channels and the S data channels form Q data channels, wherein N is a positive integer more than 1, M is a positive integer more than or equal to 1, S is a positive integer more than or equal to 1, and Q is equal to a sum of M and S; the antenna passive distribution network unit is connected with the radio frequency calibration and test distribution network unit through second N data channels, and connected with the antenna array through P data channels, wherein P is a positive integer more than 1; the radio frequency calibration and test distribution network unit comprises N directional couplers, and a quantity of power distributor and synthesizer, wherein: a power distributor and synthesizer is a device configured to combine two channels into one or distribute one channel into two, the quantity of the power distributor and synthesizers in the radio frequency calibration and test distribution network unit is ∑ i = 1 K 1 2 i 2 + ∑ i = 1 K 2 2 i 2, wherein K 1 = log 2, K 2 = log 2 (M + S), N is a power of 2, and (M+S) is a power of 2, the N directional couplers connect the first N data channels with the second N data channels via corresponding input ports and transmitted ports of the N directional couplers, the N directional couplers connect the first N data channels with third N data channels via corresponding input ports and coupled ports of the N directional couplers, and the power distributor and synthesizers are arranged to either combine the third N data channels into a single signal and distribute the single signal into the Q data channels, or to combine the Q data channels into a single signal and distribute the single signal into the third N data channels. a power distributor and synthesizer is a device configured to combine two channels into one or distribute one channel into two, the quantity of the power distributor and synthesizers in the radio frequency calibration and test distribution network unit is ∑ i = 1 K 1 2 i 2 + ∑ i = 1 K 2 2 i 2, wherein K 1 = log 2, K 2 = log 2 (M + S), N is a power of 2, and (M+S) is a power of 2, the N directional couplers connect the first N data channels with the second N data channels via corresponding input ports and transmitted ports of the N directional couplers, the N directional couplers connect the first N data channels with third N data channels via corresponding input ports and coupled ports of the N directional couplers, and the power distributor and synthesizers are arranged to either combine the third N data channels into a single signal and distribute the single signal into the Q data channels, or to combine the Q data channels into a single signal and distribute the single signal into the third N data channels.