An identity management method, applied to a communications network, wherein the communications network comprises user equipment and a blockchain network, the blockchain network comprises at least one control plane node and at least one data plane node, and the method comprises: generating, by a first control plane node in the at least one control plane node, a first identification, a first public key, and a first private key for the user equipment; signing, by the first control plane node, the first identification and the first public key based on a second private key of the first control plane node, to obtain first transaction data; and broadcasting, by the first control plane node, the first transaction data in the blockchain network, wherein the first transaction data is to be used for consensus calculation in the blockchain network, wherein the method further comprises: receiving, by a second control plane node in the at least one control plane node, the first transaction data; and verifying, by the second control plane node, the first transaction data based on a second public key of the first control plane node, and after the verification succeeds, performing the consensus calculation on the first transaction data, wherein the method further comprises: when the second control plane node determines that the first identification in the first transaction data is a new identification, signing the first transaction data based on a private key of the second control plane node, and sending signature data obtained after the first transaction data is signed to another node in the at least one control plane node or the at least one data plane node. generating, by a first control plane node in the at least one control plane node, a first identification, a first public key, and a first private key for the user equipment; signing, by the first control plane node, the first identification and the first public key based on a second private key of the first control plane node, to obtain first transaction data; and broadcasting, by the first control plane node, the first transaction data in the blockchain network, wherein the first transaction data is to be used for consensus calculation in the blockchain network, wherein the method further comprises: receiving, by a second control plane node in the at least one control plane node, the first transaction data; and verifying, by the second control plane node, the first transaction data based on a second public key of the first control plane node, and after the verification succeeds, performing the consensus calculation on the first transaction data, wherein the method further comprises: when the second control plane node determines that the first identification in the first transaction data is a new identification, signing the first transaction data based on a private key of the second control plane node, and sending signature data obtained after the first transaction data is signed to another node in the at least one control plane node or the at least one data plane node. receiving, by a second control plane node in the at least one control plane node, the first transaction data; and verifying, by the second control plane node, the first transaction data based on a second public key of the first control plane node, and after the verification succeeds, performing the consensus calculation on the first transaction data, wherein the method further comprises: when the second control plane node determines that the first identification in the first transaction data is a new identification, signing the first transaction data based on a private key of the second control plane node, and sending signature data obtained after the first transaction data is signed to another node in the at least one control plane node or the at least one data plane node.