A cleaning blade, comprising: an elastic member, wherein the elastic member is configured to abut on a surface of a cleaning target member and remove a residual material deposited on the surface of the cleaning target member, characterized in that: the elastic member satisfies requirements a to c below, a. an abutment part of the elastic member that is to abut on the surface of the cleaning target member comprises a reformed layer, being a layer of the abutment part which is obtainable by applying a reforming treatment to the abutment part; b. a Martens hardness at a surface of the reformed layer is from 1.5 N/mm 2 to 15 N/mm 2, and c. a relationship H/L between a maximum Martens hardness H among Martens hardnesses H in a region extending inwardly from the surface of the reformed layer thicknesswise, thickness indicating a distance from the surface of the reformed layer, and a distance L from the surface of the reformed layer is from 0.010 (N/mm 2 ·1/μm) to 0.2 (N/mm 2 ·1/μm), where the distance L represents a minimum distance among distances to the surface of the reformed layer, from positions at which a measured Martens hardness is equal to a Martens hardness of the elastic member, and a measured elastic power is equal to an elastic power of the elastic member. an elastic member, wherein the elastic member is configured to abut on a surface of a cleaning target member and remove a residual material deposited on the surface of the cleaning target member, characterized in that: the elastic member satisfies requirements a to c below, a. an abutment part of the elastic member that is to abut on the surface of the cleaning target member comprises a reformed layer, being a layer of the abutment part which is obtainable by applying a reforming treatment to the abutment part; b. a Martens hardness at a surface of the reformed layer is from 1.5 N/mm 2 to 15 N/mm 2, and c. a relationship H/L between a maximum Martens hardness H among Martens hardnesses H in a region extending inwardly from the surface of the reformed layer thicknesswise, thickness indicating a distance from the surface of the reformed layer, and a distance L from the surface of the reformed layer is from 0.010 (N/mm 2 ·1/μm) to 0.2 (N/mm 2 ·1/μm), where the distance L represents a minimum distance among distances to the surface of the reformed layer, from positions at which a measured Martens hardness is equal to a Martens hardness of the elastic member, and a measured elastic power is equal to an elastic power of the elastic member. a. an abutment part of the elastic member that is to abut on the surface of the cleaning target member comprises a reformed layer, being a layer of the abutment part which is obtainable by applying a reforming treatment to the abutment part; b. a Martens hardness at a surface of the reformed layer is from 1.5 N/mm 2 to 15 N/mm 2, and c. a relationship H/L between a maximum Martens hardness H among Martens hardnesses H in a region extending inwardly from the surface of the reformed layer thicknesswise, thickness indicating a distance from the surface of the reformed layer, and a distance L from the surface of the reformed layer is from 0.010 (N/mm 2 ·1/μm) to 0.2 (N/mm 2 ·1/μm), where the distance L represents a minimum distance among distances to the surface of the reformed layer, from positions at which a measured Martens hardness is equal to a Martens hardness of the elastic member, and a measured elastic power is equal to an elastic power of the elastic member.