A method comprising: generating, in response to a first test of an application, a first set of screenshots of a graphical user interface of the application while the graphical user interface is displayed by a first target device during the first test; generating, in response to a second test of the application, a second set of screenshots of the graphical user interface while the graphical user interface is displayed by a second target device during the second test, wherein each screenshot from the first set of screenshots and each screenshot from the second set of screenshots includes a respective image of the graphical user interface and respective metadata comprising element identifiers indicative of one or more elements of the graphical user interface that are present in the respective image; determining, based on the respective metadata of a screenshot from the first set of screenshots and the respective metadata of a screenshot from the second set of screenshots, whether respective element identifiers for the screenshot from the first set of screenshots and the screenshot from the second set of screenshots are similar; and responsive to determining that the screenshot from the first set of screenshots and the screenshot from the second set of screenshots are similar: assigning the screenshot from the second set of screenshots to a cluster that includes the screenshot from the first set of screenshots; and outputting, for display, a graphical indication of the cluster including a portion of the respective image of the screenshot from the second set of screenshots. generating, in response to a first test of an application, a first set of screenshots of a graphical user interface of the application while the graphical user interface is displayed by a first target device during the first test; generating, in response to a second test of the application, a second set of screenshots of the graphical user interface while the graphical user interface is displayed by a second target device during the second test, wherein each screenshot from the first set of screenshots and each screenshot from the second set of screenshots includes a respective image of the graphical user interface and respective metadata comprising element identifiers indicative of one or more elements of the graphical user interface that are present in the respective image; determining, based on the respective metadata of a screenshot from the first set of screenshots and the respective metadata of a screenshot from the second set of screenshots, whether respective element identifiers for the screenshot from the first set of screenshots and the screenshot from the second set of screenshots are similar; and responsive to determining that the screenshot from the first set of screenshots and the screenshot from the second set of screenshots are similar: assigning the screenshot from the second set of screenshots to a cluster that includes the screenshot from the first set of screenshots; and outputting, for display, a graphical indication of the cluster including a portion of the respective image of the screenshot from the second set of screenshots. assigning the screenshot from the second set of screenshots to a cluster that includes the screenshot from the first set of screenshots; and outputting, for display, a graphical indication of the cluster including a portion of the respective image of the screenshot from the second set of screenshots.