A swallowing action measurement device comprising: a holder configured to be fitted to a neck region of a person being measured from behind; a sound detector mounted in the holder in contact with an outer side surface of the neck region close to an epiglottis and configured to detect sound associated with at least a swallowing action of the person being measured and output a measured sound signal; a posture detector configured to detect a posture of the person being measured and output a measured posture signal, wherein the posture detector is attached to the holder located on a median plane of the person being measured; and an analysis unit configured to discriminate among epiglottis closing sound, food bolus moving sound and epiglottis opening sound from the measured sound signal based upon frequency characteristics and output the epiglottis closing sound, food bolus moving sound and epiglottis opening sound as a series of items of swallowing action information in association with the measured posture signal in real time when each sound is detected, a determination unit configured to compare predetermined temporal characteristics and frequency characteristics of the measured sound signal included in the swallowing action information in real time with predetermined temporal characteristics and frequency characteristics of a standard sound signal preset for the swallowing action, and output a proper signal indicating that the swallowing action is in a proper state while a deviation is within a predetermined range and output an improper signal indicating that the swallowing action is in an improper state when the deviation exceeds the predetermined range; a controller configured to output the swallowing action information as swallowing information unique to the person being measured in association with the proper signal and the improper signal; and a memory configured to store the standard sound signal and the unique swallowing information wherein: the sound detector includes a pair of vibration detectors (12R, 12L, 12RU, 12RL, 12LU, 12LL) disposed along a direction in which a food bolus is moved by the swallowing action; and the analysis unit configured to calculate a speed of motion of the food bolus based on the measured sound signal detected by the pair of vibration detectors and outputs the speed of motion in addition to the swallowing action information. a holder configured to be fitted to a neck region of a person being measured from behind; a sound detector mounted in the holder in contact with an outer side surface of the neck region close to an epiglottis and configured to detect sound associated with at least a swallowing action of the person being measured and output a measured sound signal; a posture detector configured to detect a posture of the person being measured and output a measured posture signal, wherein the posture detector is attached to the holder located on a median plane of the person being measured; and an analysis unit configured to discriminate among epiglottis closing sound, food bolus moving sound and epiglottis opening sound from the measured sound signal based upon frequency characteristics and output the epiglottis closing sound, food bolus moving sound and epiglottis opening sound as a series of items of swallowing action information in association with the measured posture signal in real time when each sound is detected, a determination unit configured to compare predetermined temporal characteristics and frequency characteristics of the measured sound signal included in the swallowing action information in real time with predetermined temporal characteristics and frequency characteristics of a standard sound signal preset for the swallowing action, and output a proper signal indicating that the swallowing action is in a proper state while a deviation is within a predetermined range and output an improper signal indicating that the swallowing action is in an improper state when the deviation exceeds the predetermined range; a controller configured to output the swallowing action information as swallowing information unique to the person being measured in association with the proper signal and the improper signal; and a memory configured to store the standard sound signal and the unique swallowing information wherein: the sound detector includes a pair of vibration detectors (12R, 12L, 12RU, 12RL, 12LU, 12LL) disposed along a direction in which a food bolus is moved by the swallowing action; and the analysis unit configured to calculate a speed of motion of the food bolus based on the measured sound signal detected by the pair of vibration detectors and outputs the speed of motion in addition to the swallowing action information. the sound detector includes a pair of vibration detectors (12R, 12L, 12RU, 12RL, 12LU, 12LL) disposed along a direction in which a food bolus is moved by the swallowing action; and the analysis unit configured to calculate a speed of motion of the food bolus based on the measured sound signal detected by the pair of vibration detectors and outputs the speed of motion in addition to the swallowing action information.