A method for preparing a micro- or nano-structured surface by inorganic and/or organic organized micro- or nano-structures, said method applying colloidal particles and an electrochemical cell including a positive electrode and a negative electrode, said electrodes being planar and parallel with each other, conducting faces facing each other and separated from each other by means of an insulating spacer including at least two apertures and delimiting a free volume between both electrodes, said method being characterized in that it comprises the following steps: i) preparing a dispersion of electrically charged monodisperse hydrophilic colloidal particles (particles P1) in an aqueous phase, said particles P1 having a size greater than or equal to about 0.5 μm; ii) preparing a dispersion of electrically charged colloidal particles (particles P2) in an aqueous phase, said particles P2 having a smaller size than that of the particles P1, being of the same electric charge as the particles P1, and optionally containing at least one electrochemical species; iii) introducing the dispersion of particles P1 into the free volume through one of the apertures of the spacer; iv) having the particles P1 migrate to the surface of the electrode with a charge opposite to that of the particles P1 (working electrode) by applying a sinusoidal electric field perpendicularly to said electrodes, v) applying a sinusoidal electric field of decreasing frequencies at constant potential, in order to cause aggregation of the particles P1 at the surface of the working electrode; vi) gradually increasing the frequency until a crystalline lattice consisting of a monolayer of particles P1 at the surface of the working electrode is obtained; vii) immobilizing the particles P1 in the form of said crystalline lattice by superimposing to the sinusoidal electric field, a continuous electric field of a sign opposite to the charge of the particles P1, and then extinguishing the sinusoidal electric field while maintaining the continuous electric field for a sufficient period of time in order to cause adhesion of the particles P1 to the surface of the working electrode; viii) introducing into the free volume V of the electrochemical cell, the dispersion of particles P2 and applying a continuous electric field for a sufficient period of time in order to cause migration and attachment of the particles P2 on the free surface of the working electrode, on which is formed the organized lattice of particles P1, and when the particles P2 contain an electrochemical species, oxidizing or reducing said electrochemical species at the surface of the working electrode; ix) removing the particles P1 from the surface of the electrode in order to obtain a surface nanostructured by the particles P2 or by the oxidized or reduced electrochemical species brought by the particles P2. i) preparing a dispersion of electrically charged monodisperse hydrophilic colloidal particles (particles P1) in an aqueous phase, said particles P1 having a size greater than or equal to about 0.5 μm; ii) preparing a dispersion of electrically charged colloidal particles (particles P2) in an aqueous phase, said particles P2 having a smaller size than that of the particles P1, being of the same electric charge as the particles P1, and optionally containing at least one electrochemical species; iii) introducing the dispersion of particles P1 into the free volume through one of the apertures of the spacer; iv) having the particles P1 migrate to the surface of the electrode with a charge opposite to that of the particles P1 (working electrode) by applying a sinusoidal electric field perpendicularly to said electrodes, v) applying a sinusoidal electric field of decreasing frequencies at constant potential, in order to cause aggregation of the particles P1 at the surface of the working electrode; vi) gradually increasing the frequency until a crystalline lattice consisting of a monolayer of particles P1 at the surface of the working electrode is obtained; vii) immobilizing the particles P1 in the form of said crystalline lattice by superimposing to the sinusoidal electric field, a continuous electric field of a sign opposite to the charge of the particles P1, and then extinguishing the sinusoidal electric field while maintaining the continuous electric field for a sufficient period of time in order to cause adhesion of the particles P1 to the surface of the working electrode; viii) introducing into the free volume V of the electrochemical cell, the dispersion of particles P2 and applying a continuous electric field for a sufficient period of time in order to cause migration and attachment of the particles P2 on the free surface of the working electrode, on which is formed the organized lattice of particles P1, and when the particles P2 contain an electrochemical species, oxidizing or reducing said electrochemical species at the surface of the working electrode; ix) removing the particles P1 from the surface of the electrode in order to obtain a surface nanostructured by the particles P2 or by the oxidized or reduced electrochemical species brought by the particles P2.