A method for inferring the behavior of the driver of a vehicle with the aid of a computation device located in the vehicle, integrating sensors that can report on the motion and operating state of the vehicle, wherein said sensors are inertial sensors comprising accelerometers and/or gyroscopes, and in that the method comprises: a) processing at least part of the information from one or several of said inertial sensors of said computation device, one by one or in combination, to evaluate a plurality of descriptive functions of the conditions of interaction or behavior of the driver with the vehicle over time, in each phase of a trajectory and for a specific road, and b) inferring said behavior by comparing the evaluation of said descriptive functions, or at least a value thereof, with reference information associated with a behavior of the driver that is considered a normal behavior for said specific road, said reference information being stored in at least one memory of said computation device, or in a remote device or database, wherein said reference information comprises reference values obtained by evaluating said at least one descriptive function, in characterization periods and in zones in which specific conditions relating to the speed of the vehicle and/or radius of curvature are met; and c) establishing that the behavior is abnormal depending on an evaluation of the results of step b), characterized in that the method comprises: - using as said computation device an autonomous computation device with telecommunication capacity integrating said inertial sensors that can report on the motion and operating state of the vehicle; and - prior to said steps a) to c) attaching said autonomous computation device to a structure of the interior of the vehicle cabin chosen from the dashboard of the vehicle or a pillar thereof which reduces vibrations, and calibrating at least the inertial sensors of the autonomous computation device, and further comprising: - receiving, by said autonomous computation device, information from at least one of the following additional sensors, which are external to the autonomous device: receiver/locator based on a global navigation satellite system, temperature sensor, sensor associated with speed, compass, sensor associated with detecting radii of curvature, sensor associated with detecting lane width, sensor associated with detecting the quality and/or type of road, altitude sensor, sensor associated with a system for detecting obstacles or lane departure or a combination thereof. a) processing at least part of the information from one or several of said inertial sensors of said computation device, one by one or in combination, to evaluate a plurality of descriptive functions of the conditions of interaction or behavior of the driver with the vehicle over time, in each phase of a trajectory and for a specific road, and b) inferring said behavior by comparing the evaluation of said descriptive functions, or at least a value thereof, with reference information associated with a behavior of the driver that is considered a normal behavior for said specific road, said reference information being stored in at least one memory of said computation device, or in a remote device or database, wherein said reference information comprises reference values obtained by evaluating said at least one descriptive function, in characterization periods and in zones in which specific conditions relating to the speed of the vehicle and/or radius of curvature are met; and c) establishing that the behavior is abnormal depending on an evaluation of the results of step b), - using as said computation device an autonomous computation device with telecommunication capacity integrating said inertial sensors that can report on the motion and operating state of the vehicle; and - prior to said steps a) to c) attaching said autonomous computation device to a structure of the interior of the vehicle cabin chosen from the dashboard of the vehicle or a pillar thereof which reduces vibrations, and calibrating at least the inertial sensors of the autonomous computation device, and further comprising: - receiving, by said autonomous computation device, information from at least one of the following additional sensors, which are external to the autonomous device: receiver/locator based on a global navigation satellite system, temperature sensor, sensor associated with speed, compass, sensor associated with detecting radii of curvature, sensor associated with detecting lane width, sensor associated with detecting the quality and/or type of road, altitude sensor, sensor associated with a system for detecting obstacles or lane departure or a combination thereof.