A multi-scale scanning imaging system of the retina comprising: - at least one first lighting and detection module configured for emitting at least one first lighting beam with a diameter of given dimension (Φ ecl) and for detecting at least one first beam reemitted by the retina; - at least one first scanning module of the at least one first lighting beam and the at least one first reemitted beam; - a first optical path, referred to as a "wide field" path, for focusing the at least one first lighting beam on the retina and for receiving the at least one first beam reemitted by the retina, comprising: o a first optical system (205, 201) with a first magnification (g 1) configured to conjugate a plane located near a plane of rotation of the at least one scanning module and the plane of the entrance pupil of the eye; - a second optical path, referred to as a "small field" path, for focusing the at least one first lighting beam on the retina and for receiving the at least one first beam reemitted by the retina, comprising: o a wavefront correction device having an effective surface of given dimension (Φ DM); o a second optical system (257, 256, 253) with a second magnification (g 2) configured to conjugate a plane located near a plane of rotation of the at least one first scanning module and the effective surface of the wavefront correction device, o a third optical system with a third magnification (g 3), comprising at least a part of the first optical system, configured to conjugate said effective surface of the correction device and the plane of the entrance pupil of the eye; - at least one first optical deflection element (241, 242), at least partially reflective, configured to send the at least one first beam reemitted by the retina on one and/or the other of the first and second imaging paths and intended to be positioned on the first imaging path, between the common part (201, 205) of the first and third optical systems and the at least one first scanning module, and on the second imaging path, between the common part of the first and third optical systems and the wavefront correction device. - at least one first lighting and detection module configured for emitting at least one first lighting beam with a diameter of given dimension (Φ ecl) and for detecting at least one first beam reemitted by the retina; - at least one first scanning module of the at least one first lighting beam and the at least one first reemitted beam; - a first optical path, referred to as a "wide field" path, for focusing the at least one first lighting beam on the retina and for receiving the at least one first beam reemitted by the retina, comprising: o a first optical system (205, 201) with a first magnification (g 1) configured to conjugate a plane located near a plane of rotation of the at least one scanning module and the plane of the entrance pupil of the eye; - a second optical path, referred to as a "small field" path, for focusing the at least one first lighting beam on the retina and for receiving the at least one first beam reemitted by the retina, comprising: o a wavefront correction device having an effective surface of given dimension (Φ DM); o a second optical system (257, 256, 253) with a second magnification (g 2) configured to conjugate a plane located near a plane of rotation of the at least one first scanning module and the effective surface of the wavefront correction device, o a third optical system with a third magnification (g 3), comprising at least a part of the first optical system, configured to conjugate said effective surface of the correction device and the plane of the entrance pupil of the eye; o a wavefront correction device having an effective surface of given dimension (Φ DM); o a second optical system (257, 256, 253) with a second magnification (g 2) configured to conjugate a plane located near a plane of rotation of the at least one first scanning module and the effective surface of the wavefront correction device, o a third optical system with a third magnification (g 3), comprising at least a part of the first optical system, configured to conjugate said effective surface of the correction device and the plane of the entrance pupil of the eye; - at least one first optical deflection element (241, 242), at least partially reflective, configured to send the at least one first beam reemitted by the retina on one and/or the other of the first and second imaging paths and intended to be positioned on the first imaging path, between the common part (201, 205) of the first and third optical systems and the at least one first scanning module, and on the second imaging path, between the common part of the first and third optical systems and the wavefront correction device.