A surgical instrument for use with a surgical hub in a surgical procedure, wherein the surgical instrument comprises: a surgical end effector; a communication module configured to wirelessly pair the surgical instrument to the surgical hub; a user interface and a control circuit configured to: detect a first security violation or unauthorized interaction, wherein the first security violation or unauthorized interaction is a first pairing attempt with the communication module by an unauthorized modular device or unauthorized surgical hub; cause the surgical instrument to generate a first response to the first security violation or unauthorized interaction, wherein the first response comprises issuance of a warning, or a visual and/or audible alert by the user interface; store a record of the first security violation or unauthorized interaction; detect a second security violation or unauthorized interaction, wherein the second security violation or unauthorized interaction is a second pairing attempt with the communication module by an unauthorized modular device or unauthorized surgical hub; and cause the surgical instrument to generate a second response to the second security violation or unauthorized interaction, wherein the second response is escalated from the first response, and wherein the second response comprises deactivating the communication module, or activating an autonomous usage mode of the surgical instrument. a surgical end effector; a communication module configured to wirelessly pair the surgical instrument to the surgical hub; a user interface and a control circuit configured to: detect a first security violation or unauthorized interaction, wherein the first security violation or unauthorized interaction is a first pairing attempt with the communication module by an unauthorized modular device or unauthorized surgical hub; cause the surgical instrument to generate a first response to the first security violation or unauthorized interaction, wherein the first response comprises issuance of a warning, or a visual and/or audible alert by the user interface; store a record of the first security violation or unauthorized interaction; detect a second security violation or unauthorized interaction, wherein the second security violation or unauthorized interaction is a second pairing attempt with the communication module by an unauthorized modular device or unauthorized surgical hub; and cause the surgical instrument to generate a second response to the second security violation or unauthorized interaction, wherein the second response is escalated from the first response, and wherein the second response comprises deactivating the communication module, or activating an autonomous usage mode of the surgical instrument. detect a first security violation or unauthorized interaction, wherein the first security violation or unauthorized interaction is a first pairing attempt with the communication module by an unauthorized modular device or unauthorized surgical hub; cause the surgical instrument to generate a first response to the first security violation or unauthorized interaction, wherein the first response comprises issuance of a warning, or a visual and/or audible alert by the user interface; store a record of the first security violation or unauthorized interaction; detect a second security violation or unauthorized interaction, wherein the second security violation or unauthorized interaction is a second pairing attempt with the communication module by an unauthorized modular device or unauthorized surgical hub; and cause the surgical instrument to generate a second response to the second security violation or unauthorized interaction, wherein the second response is escalated from the first response, and wherein the second response comprises deactivating the communication module, or activating an autonomous usage mode of the surgical instrument.