A preparation method of a molecular sieve-multiple oxide composite integral extrusion type denitration catalyst, comprising the following steps: mixing a metal salt solution of one or two of manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper and cerium with molecular sieves; and after an ion exchange reaction, adding a surfactant and simultaneously carrying out shear emulsification and dispersion treatment to obtain an ion-exchanged molecular sieve slurry; preparing an acidic precursor solution from a mixture of a metal salt of one or two of manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper and cerium with one or more of an aluminum source, a titanium source and a zirconium source; preparing an alkaline precursor solution from an alkaline silicon source; and mixing the acidic precursor solution and the alkaline precursor solution uniformly to obtain a mixed solution or slurry; adding an alkaline compound solution into the mixed solution or slurry obtained in step to adjust the pH value of the mixed solution or slurry to alkaline; adding a pore-forming agent; and carrying out an aging reaction, filtering, washing with water and filtrate removal to obtain a filter cake, which is a multi-oxide precursor, wherein the mass of the pore-forming agent added is 10%-30% of the total mass of the multiple oxides, the pH value is 8-8.5 and the aging reaction is carried out at 50-80°C and lasts for 1-6h; adding the ion-exchanged molecular sieve slurry obtained in step into the multi-oxide precursor obtained in step; stirring and mixing; and then carrying out vacuum dewatering, drying and high-temperature calcining to obtain a molecular sieve-multiple oxide composite denitration catalyst active component, wherein the stirring and mixing lasts for 0.5-3h; the vacuum dewatering is carried out at 75-85°C at a degree of vacuum of -0.85MPa to -0.95MPa; the drying is carried out at 100-150°C and lasts for 12-24h; and the high-temperature calcining is carried out at 350-450°C and lasts for 2-6h; and pulverizing and sieving the composite denitration catalyst active component obtained in step; then mixing with a titanium-based support, an inorganic binder being attapulgite clay, bentonite, montmorillonite or kaolin, an organic binder being aminocarboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose or polyethylene oxide, a structure enhancer being a glass fiber, carbon fiber or ceramic fiber, a molding pore-forming agent being sesbania powder, wood pulp, activated carbons or carbon blacks, a lubricant being glycerin, lactic acid or stearic acid and water; kneading into paste; stalling, namely resting the paste in a sealed environment for 15-36h; and carrying out integral extrusion molding, drying and calcining to obtain an integral extrusion type denitration catalyst. mixing a metal salt solution of one or two of manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper and cerium with molecular sieves; and after an ion exchange reaction, adding a surfactant and simultaneously carrying out shear emulsification and dispersion treatment to obtain an ion-exchanged molecular sieve slurry; preparing an acidic precursor solution from a mixture of a metal salt of one or two of manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper and cerium with one or more of an aluminum source, a titanium source and a zirconium source; preparing an alkaline precursor solution from an alkaline silicon source; and mixing the acidic precursor solution and the alkaline precursor solution uniformly to obtain a mixed solution or slurry; adding an alkaline compound solution into the mixed solution or slurry obtained in step to adjust the pH value of the mixed solution or slurry to alkaline; adding a pore-forming agent; and carrying out an aging reaction, filtering, washing with water and filtrate removal to obtain a filter cake, which is a multi-oxide precursor, wherein the mass of the pore-forming agent added is 10%-30% of the total mass of the multiple oxides, the pH value is 8-8.5 and the aging reaction is carried out at 50-80°C and lasts for 1-6h; adding the ion-exchanged molecular sieve slurry obtained in step into the multi-oxide precursor obtained in step; stirring and mixing; and then carrying out vacuum dewatering, drying and high-temperature calcining to obtain a molecular sieve-multiple oxide composite denitration catalyst active component, wherein the stirring and mixing lasts for 0.5-3h; the vacuum dewatering is carried out at 75-85°C at a degree of vacuum of -0.85MPa to -0.95MPa; the drying is carried out at 100-150°C and lasts for 12-24h; and the high-temperature calcining is carried out at 350-450°C and lasts for 2-6h; and pulverizing and sieving the composite denitration catalyst active component obtained in step; then mixing with a titanium-based support, an inorganic binder being attapulgite clay, bentonite, montmorillonite or kaolin, an organic binder being aminocarboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose or polyethylene oxide, a structure enhancer being a glass fiber, carbon fiber or ceramic fiber, a molding pore-forming agent being sesbania powder, wood pulp, activated carbons or carbon blacks, a lubricant being glycerin, lactic acid or stearic acid and water; kneading into paste; stalling, namely resting the paste in a sealed environment for 15-36h; and carrying out integral extrusion molding, drying and calcining to obtain an integral extrusion type denitration catalyst.