A battery overcharging prevention device, comprising: a voltage distribution unit connected to both ends of at least one battery cell in a battery module including multiple battery cells, the voltage distribution unit being configured to distribute a voltage of the at least one battery cell according to a preset ratio; a voltage sensing unit configured to operate so as to allow a control current (I 3) to flow through the voltage sensing unit when the voltage (V 2) distributed by the voltage distribution unit is greater than a preset reference voltage (V R), the voltage sensing unit being a shunt regulator that is configured to be turned on when the distributed voltage (V 2) applied to a reference terminal is equal to or greater than the reference voltage (V R) to allow the control current (I 3) to flow through the shunt regulator; a first relay configured to establish an electrical connection between the battery module and a charging module; and a second relay being connected to a path of a first driving current (I 1) applied to the first relay and configured to block, by operation of the voltage sensing unit, operation of the first relay, wherein the second relay is a latching relay element, - characterized in that the magnitude of the control current (I 3) generated by the voltage sensing unit is lower than an operating current of the second relay, the battery overcharging prevention device further comprises: a relay driver configured to generate a second driving current (I 2) using the control current (I 3), the second driving current being greater than the control current (I 3) and equal to or greater than the operating current of the second relay, the relay driver being configured to apply the generated second driving current to the second relay and the relay driver including: a third resistor configured to generate a bias voltage (V 3) by receiving the control current (I 3) flowing in the voltage sensing unit; and a transistor that is configured to be turned on when the bias voltage (V 3) is applied to a drive terminal to apply the second driving current (I 2) to the second coil of the second relay, and wherein the second relay is configured such that even when the second relay receives the second driving current (I 2) applied to cut off the path of the first driving current (I 1) and then is switched to a state in which the second driving current (I 2) is not applied, the second relay is configured to maintain a state of cutting off the path of the first driving current (I 1). a voltage distribution unit connected to both ends of at least one battery cell in a battery module including multiple battery cells, the voltage distribution unit being configured to distribute a voltage of the at least one battery cell according to a preset ratio; a voltage sensing unit configured to operate so as to allow a control current (I 3) to flow through the voltage sensing unit when the voltage (V 2) distributed by the voltage distribution unit is greater than a preset reference voltage (V R), the voltage sensing unit being a shunt regulator that is configured to be turned on when the distributed voltage (V 2) applied to a reference terminal is equal to or greater than the reference voltage (V R) to allow the control current (I 3) to flow through the shunt regulator; a first relay configured to establish an electrical connection between the battery module and a charging module; and a second relay being connected to a path of a first driving current (I 1) applied to the first relay and configured to block, by operation of the voltage sensing unit, operation of the first relay, wherein the second relay is a latching relay element, - characterized in that the magnitude of the control current (I 3) generated by the voltage sensing unit is lower than an operating current of the second relay, the battery overcharging prevention device further comprises: a relay driver configured to generate a second driving current (I 2) using the control current (I 3), the second driving current being greater than the control current (I 3) and equal to or greater than the operating current of the second relay, the relay driver being configured to apply the generated second driving current to the second relay and the relay driver including: a third resistor configured to generate a bias voltage (V 3) by receiving the control current (I 3) flowing in the voltage sensing unit; and a transistor that is configured to be turned on when the bias voltage (V 3) is applied to a drive terminal to apply the second driving current (I 2) to the second coil of the second relay, and wherein the second relay is configured such that even when the second relay receives the second driving current (I 2) applied to cut off the path of the first driving current (I 1) and then is switched to a state in which the second driving current (I 2) is not applied, the second relay is configured to maintain a state of cutting off the path of the first driving current (I 1). a third resistor configured to generate a bias voltage (V 3) by receiving the control current (I 3) flowing in the voltage sensing unit; and a transistor that is configured to be turned on when the bias voltage (V 3) is applied to a drive terminal to apply the second driving current (I 2) to the second coil of the second relay, and wherein the second relay is configured such that even when the second relay receives the second driving current (I 2) applied to cut off the path of the first driving current (I 1) and then is switched to a state in which the second driving current (I 2) is not applied, the second relay is configured to maintain a state of cutting off the path of the first driving current (I 1).