A circuit breaker identification method, wherein the method is applied to a power distribution system, and the power distribution system comprises a backplane communication busbar and at least one circuit breaker, wherein the backplane communication busbar comprises at least one slot, a first interface is configured in each slot, each first interface is connected to a first resistor R1, and each first resistor R1 has a different resistance value; and each circuit breaker comprises a second interface, the second interface is connected to a second resistor R2, and when the second interface of the circuit breaker is plugged in any first interface in the backplane communication busbar, a preset voltage interval corresponding to a resistance value of a first resistor R1 is uniquely determined by using a series circuit including the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2; and the method comprises: when a second interface of a first circuit breaker is plugged in any first interface in the backplane communication busbar, obtaining a first voltage of the first circuit breaker, wherein the first circuit breaker is any one of the at least one circuit breaker; determining a voltage interval within which the first voltage falls, wherein the voltage interval is one of different preset voltage intervals corresponding to different resistance values of first resistors R1; and determining, based on the voltage interval and correspondences between the preset voltage intervals and slot numbers, a number of a slot in which the first circuit breaker is plugged. the backplane communication busbar comprises at least one slot, a first interface is configured in each slot, each first interface is connected to a first resistor R1, and each first resistor R1 has a different resistance value; and each circuit breaker comprises a second interface, the second interface is connected to a second resistor R2, and when the second interface of the circuit breaker is plugged in any first interface in the backplane communication busbar, a preset voltage interval corresponding to a resistance value of a first resistor R1 is uniquely determined by using a series circuit including the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2; and the method comprises: when a second interface of a first circuit breaker is plugged in any first interface in the backplane communication busbar, obtaining a first voltage of the first circuit breaker, wherein the first circuit breaker is any one of the at least one circuit breaker; determining a voltage interval within which the first voltage falls, wherein the voltage interval is one of different preset voltage intervals corresponding to different resistance values of first resistors R1; and determining, based on the voltage interval and correspondences between the preset voltage intervals and slot numbers, a number of a slot in which the first circuit breaker is plugged. when a second interface of a first circuit breaker is plugged in any first interface in the backplane communication busbar, obtaining a first voltage of the first circuit breaker, wherein the first circuit breaker is any one of the at least one circuit breaker; determining a voltage interval within which the first voltage falls, wherein the voltage interval is one of different preset voltage intervals corresponding to different resistance values of first resistors R1; and determining, based on the voltage interval and correspondences between the preset voltage intervals and slot numbers, a number of a slot in which the first circuit breaker is plugged.