A rotary imaging system, comprising: a sample table unit which is used for carrying a sample; a camera unit which is used for imaging the sample; and, a rotation unit, the rotation unit is used for driving the camera unit to rotate with respect to the sample table unit, characterized in that the rotation unit is used for controlling the camera unit to be stationary with respect to the sample table unit; the rotation unit comprises an accommodating cavity accommodating the sample table unit, wherein the camera unit comprises a first imaging module and a second imaging module both arranged on the rotation unit; when the first imaging module performs imaging, a light emitted, excited or reflected by the sample enters the first imaging module through a first optical path; when the second imaging module performs imaging, a light emitted, excited or reflected by the sample enters the second imaging module through the first optical path; the first imaging module comprises a first camera and a first mirror both arranged on the rotation unit, and the second imaging module comprises a second camera and a second mirror both arranged on the rotation unit; when the first imaging module performs imaging, the second mirror is located at a first position, and the light emitted, excited or reflected by the sample enters the first mirror through the first optical path, and is reflected into the first camera by the first mirror; when the second imaging module performs imaging, the second mirror is located at a second position, and the light emitted, excited and reflected by the sample enters the second mirror through the first optical path, and is reflected into the second camera by the second mirror; the second imaging module further comprises a swinging component, the swinging component comprising: a swing bracket, the swing bracket is rotatably connected with the second camera, and the second mirror is fixedly connected to the swing bracket; a first sliding assembly, the first sliding assembly is fixedly connected to the swing bracket, and an output end of the first sliding assembly is slidably connected to the swing bracket; and, a first linear mechanism, the first linear mechanism is fixedly connected to the rotation unit, an output end of the first linear mechanism is rotatably connected to the output end of the first sliding assembly; the output end of the first linear mechanism outputs a linear motion, driving the output end of the first slide assembly to slide with respect to the swing bracket, and causing the swing bracket to swing. a sample table unit which is used for carrying a sample; a camera unit which is used for imaging the sample; and, a rotation unit, the rotation unit is used for driving the camera unit to rotate with respect to the sample table unit, characterized in that the rotation unit is used for controlling the camera unit to be stationary with respect to the sample table unit; the rotation unit comprises an accommodating cavity accommodating the sample table unit, wherein the camera unit comprises a first imaging module and a second imaging module both arranged on the rotation unit; when the first imaging module performs imaging, a light emitted, excited or reflected by the sample enters the first imaging module through a first optical path; when the second imaging module performs imaging, a light emitted, excited or reflected by the sample enters the second imaging module through the first optical path; the first imaging module comprises a first camera and a first mirror both arranged on the rotation unit, and the second imaging module comprises a second camera and a second mirror both arranged on the rotation unit; when the first imaging module performs imaging, the second mirror is located at a first position, and the light emitted, excited or reflected by the sample enters the first mirror through the first optical path, and is reflected into the first camera by the first mirror; when the second imaging module performs imaging, the second mirror is located at a second position, and the light emitted, excited and reflected by the sample enters the second mirror through the first optical path, and is reflected into the second camera by the second mirror; the second imaging module further comprises a swinging component, the swinging component comprising: a swing bracket, the swing bracket is rotatably connected with the second camera, and the second mirror is fixedly connected to the swing bracket; a first sliding assembly, the first sliding assembly is fixedly connected to the swing bracket, and an output end of the first sliding assembly is slidably connected to the swing bracket; and, a first linear mechanism, the first linear mechanism is fixedly connected to the rotation unit, an output end of the first linear mechanism is rotatably connected to the output end of the first sliding assembly; the output end of the first linear mechanism outputs a linear motion, driving the output end of the first slide assembly to slide with respect to the swing bracket, and causing the swing bracket to swing.