An inverted pendulum type vehicle comprising: a vehicle body frame; a main wheel made by combining a plurality of freely-rotatable driven rollers in such a manner that rotation axis lines of the driven rollers form an annular shape; a pair of left and right drive disks that are rotatably supported by the vehicle body frame in such a manner as to be located on both left and right sides of the main wheel and to which a plurality of drive rollers disposed in contact with the driven rollers are attached freely rotatably; a pair of left and right drive units that are attached to the vehicle body frame and rotationally drive the left and right drive disks individually under inverted pendulum control; and a battery that is attached to the vehicle body frame and supplies electric power to the pair of drive units; a rider riding on the inverted pendulum type vehicle in such a manner as to straddle the main wheel in a left-right direction, wherein the pair of drive units are so disposed as to be juxtaposed in the left-right direction at same-height positions higher than the main wheel, characterized in that the pair of drive units and the battery are so disposed as to be juxtaposed in front and behind of the vehicle body frame; the pair of drive units each have an electric motor, a reduction device that reduces a rotational speed of the electric motor, and a reducer case that houses the reduction device, output shafts (194, 205) of the reduction devices that output power to the drive disks protrude from wall parts of the reducer case on the outside in a vehicle width direction to the outside in the vehicle width direction, and the electric motors are attached to the wall parts of the reducer case on the outside in the vehicle width direction and protrude from the wall parts to the outside in the vehicle width direction. a vehicle body frame; a main wheel made by combining a plurality of freely-rotatable driven rollers in such a manner that rotation axis lines of the driven rollers form an annular shape; a pair of left and right drive disks that are rotatably supported by the vehicle body frame in such a manner as to be located on both left and right sides of the main wheel and to which a plurality of drive rollers disposed in contact with the driven rollers are attached freely rotatably; a pair of left and right drive units that are attached to the vehicle body frame and rotationally drive the left and right drive disks individually under inverted pendulum control; and a battery that is attached to the vehicle body frame and supplies electric power to the pair of drive units; a rider riding on the inverted pendulum type vehicle in such a manner as to straddle the main wheel in a left-right direction, wherein the pair of drive units are so disposed as to be juxtaposed in the left-right direction at same-height positions higher than the main wheel, characterized in that the pair of drive units and the battery are so disposed as to be juxtaposed in front and behind of the vehicle body frame; the pair of drive units each have an electric motor, a reduction device that reduces a rotational speed of the electric motor, and a reducer case that houses the reduction device, output shafts (194, 205) of the reduction devices that output power to the drive disks protrude from wall parts of the reducer case on the outside in a vehicle width direction to the outside in the vehicle width direction, and the electric motors are attached to the wall parts of the reducer case on the outside in the vehicle width direction and protrude from the wall parts to the outside in the vehicle width direction.