A system for placing and collecting traffic cones and traffic cone lanterns, the system comprising: a vehicle on which a loading bay is disposed; a first robot arm for moving a traffic cone in the loading bay or the traffic cone with a traffic cone lantern from the vehicle to a placement position; at least one camera disposed on the vehicle for obtaining an image signal of a road traffic marking; and a processing unit connected to the first robot arm and the at least one camera, and configured to detect position information of the road traffic marking according to the image signal of the road traffic marking, and control movement of the first robot arm according to the position information of the road traffic marking so as to move the traffic cone or the traffic cone with the traffic cone lantern in the loading bay to a position outside the vehicle; characterized in that the first robot arm is mounted at a rear part of the vehicle; and in that the system further comprising: a radar disposed on the vehicle for scanning at least one suspected traffic cone and its positioning signal outside the vehicle, wherein the at least one camera is further adapted to obtain an image signal of the at least one suspected traffic cone, and the processing unit is connected to the radar and is further configured to identify the traffic cone from the at least one suspected traffic cone according to the image signal of the at least one suspected traffic cone, determine position information and a relative motion parameter of the identified traffic cone according to the positioning signal, and control movement of the first robot arm according to the position information and the relative motion parameter of the identified traffic cone, thereby moving the identified traffic cone to the loading bay. a vehicle on which a loading bay is disposed; a first robot arm for moving a traffic cone in the loading bay or the traffic cone with a traffic cone lantern from the vehicle to a placement position; at least one camera disposed on the vehicle for obtaining an image signal of a road traffic marking; and a processing unit connected to the first robot arm and the at least one camera, and configured to detect position information of the road traffic marking according to the image signal of the road traffic marking, and control movement of the first robot arm according to the position information of the road traffic marking so as to move the traffic cone or the traffic cone with the traffic cone lantern in the loading bay to a position outside the vehicle; a radar disposed on the vehicle for scanning at least one suspected traffic cone and its positioning signal outside the vehicle, wherein the at least one camera is further adapted to obtain an image signal of the at least one suspected traffic cone, and the processing unit is connected to the radar and is further configured to identify the traffic cone from the at least one suspected traffic cone according to the image signal of the at least one suspected traffic cone, determine position information and a relative motion parameter of the identified traffic cone according to the positioning signal, and control movement of the first robot arm according to the position information and the relative motion parameter of the identified traffic cone, thereby moving the identified traffic cone to the loading bay.