Electronic system for controlling traction and braking of a vehicle, said vehicle comprising at least one first wheel, a first brake disc operatively associated with said at least one first wheel and a first brake caliper able to be actuated to exert a dissipative braking torque on said first brake disc, said at least one first wheel having a respective rotation axis, the vehicle comprising at least one second wheel, a respective second brake disc operatively associated with said at least one second wheel and a second brake caliper able to be actuated to exert a dissipative braking torque on said second brake disc, the system comprising: - at least one first traction and braking control unit; - a device for actuating braking configured to be operatively connected to said at least one first wheel of the vehicle, said device for actuating braking also being operatively connected to said at least one first traction and braking control unit, the device comprising: - at least one first electric actuator configured to act the first brake caliper, said at least first traction and braking control unit being configured to control said at least one first electric actuator to exert a dissipative braking torque on the first brake disc, through the first brake caliper; - at least one electric motor, having a respective rotation axis, configured to be operatively connected to said at least one first wheel so that the rotation axis of said at least one electric motor coincides with the rotation axis of said at least one first wheel, said at least one first traction and braking control unit being configured to control said at least one electric motor in regeneration mode to exert a regenerative braking torque on said at least one first wheel, said at least one first traction and braking control unit being configured to control said at least one electric motor in traction mode to exert a traction torque on said at least one first wheel; characterized in that said system further comprises: - at least one first braking control unit; - at least one second electric actuator configured to act the second brake caliper, operatively connected to said at least one first braking control unit, said at least one first braking control unit being configured to control said at least one second electric actuator to exert a dissipative braking torque on the second brake disc, through the second brake caliper, the at least one first braking control unit being operatively connected to the at least one first traction and braking control unit via one or more data communication buses, the at least one first traction control and braking control unit and the at least one first braking control unit being configurable, by means the connection via said one or more data communication buses, in different operating modes of the master-slave or slave-master type. - at least one first traction and braking control unit; - a device for actuating braking configured to be operatively connected to said at least one first wheel of the vehicle, said device for actuating braking also being operatively connected to said at least one first traction and braking control unit, the device comprising: - at least one first electric actuator configured to act the first brake caliper, said at least first traction and braking control unit being configured to control said at least one first electric actuator to exert a dissipative braking torque on the first brake disc, through the first brake caliper; - at least one electric motor, having a respective rotation axis, configured to be operatively connected to said at least one first wheel so that the rotation axis of said at least one electric motor coincides with the rotation axis of said at least one first wheel, said at least one first traction and braking control unit being configured to control said at least one electric motor in regeneration mode to exert a regenerative braking torque on said at least one first wheel, said at least one first traction and braking control unit being configured to control said at least one electric motor in traction mode to exert a traction torque on said at least one first wheel; - at least one first braking control unit; - at least one second electric actuator configured to act the second brake caliper, operatively connected to said at least one first braking control unit, said at least one first braking control unit being configured to control said at least one second electric actuator to exert a dissipative braking torque on the second brake disc, through the second brake caliper,