A reciprocating compressor comprising: a casing having an inner space communicating with a suction pipe; a frame provided in the inner space of the casing; a reciprocating motor coupled to the frame, and having a mover, the mover performing a linear reciprocating motion; a cylinder coupled to the frame and having a compression space; a piston inserted into the cylinder to perform a reciprocating motion, the piston having a suction passage formed therethrough in a lengthwise direction to guide a refrigerant into the compression space; a suction valve coupled to an end surface of the piston and configured to open and close the suction passage; a discharge valve provided at an end surface of the cylinder and configured to open and close the compression space; a discharge cover installed at an end side of the cylinder and having a discharge space accommodating the discharge valve therein, the discharge space communicating with a discharge pipe; a gas bearing having a plurality of gas holes penetratingly formed from the cylinder, the plurality of gas holes being configured to inject therethrough a part of a refrigerant, discharged from the compression space into the discharge space, into a portion between the cylinder and the piston so as to support the piston with respect to the cylinder; and a block-preventing unit configured to prevent the gas holes of the gas bearing from being blocked due to foreign materials, characterized in that: the block-preventing unit is configured as a vibration unit to vibrate the cylinder, and wherein the vibration unit comprises a controller to excite the number of vibrations of the reciprocating motor to an operating frequency or more. a casing having an inner space communicating with a suction pipe; a frame provided in the inner space of the casing; a reciprocating motor coupled to the frame, and having a mover, the mover performing a linear reciprocating motion; a cylinder coupled to the frame and having a compression space; a piston inserted into the cylinder to perform a reciprocating motion, the piston having a suction passage formed therethrough in a lengthwise direction to guide a refrigerant into the compression space; a suction valve coupled to an end surface of the piston and configured to open and close the suction passage; a discharge valve provided at an end surface of the cylinder and configured to open and close the compression space; a discharge cover installed at an end side of the cylinder and having a discharge space accommodating the discharge valve therein, the discharge space communicating with a discharge pipe; a gas bearing having a plurality of gas holes penetratingly formed from the cylinder, the plurality of gas holes being configured to inject therethrough a part of a refrigerant, discharged from the compression space into the discharge space, into a portion between the cylinder and the piston so as to support the piston with respect to the cylinder; and a block-preventing unit configured to prevent the gas holes of the gas bearing from being blocked due to foreign materials, characterized in that: the block-preventing unit is configured as a vibration unit to vibrate the cylinder, and wherein the vibration unit comprises a controller to excite the number of vibrations of the reciprocating motor to an operating frequency or more. the block-preventing unit is configured as a vibration unit to vibrate the cylinder, and wherein the vibration unit comprises a controller to excite the number of vibrations of the reciprocating motor to an operating frequency or more.