Method for identifying cells in a biological tissue, each cell including a cytoplasm delimited by a cellular membrane, this method comprising: a preliminary step of marking the cellular membranes using a fluorescent marker or a photophore substance, a) the acquisition of a raw digital image of a cross section of the biological tissue containing the cells to be identified, this raw image comprising a plurality of pixels of different intensity values; b) the automatic generation (30, 60, 80) of at least one thresholded image by replacing, on the one hand, each pixel of the raw image whose intensity value is lower than a predetermined intensity threshold, by a pixel of a first intensity value and, on the other hand, each pixel whose intensity value is higher than this predetermined threshold, by a pixel of a second intensity value, the intensity threshold being predetermined to correspond to an intermediate intensity value between the intensity values of the cytoplasm and of the membrane in the raw image; c) the automatic search (40, 70, 90), in the thresholded image, of surfaces each formed by a plurality of contiguous pixels and of a same predefined intensity value, each surface thus found constituting a candidate cell; d) the selective transformation of a candidate cell into an identified cell, when one or more morphological characteristics of this candidate satisfy predefined morphological criteria and, otherwise, the non-transformation of the candidate cell into an identified cell; the predefined intensity value being that, out of the first and second intensity values, which corresponds to the cytoplasm. a preliminary step of marking the cellular membranes using a fluorescent marker or a photophore substance, a) the acquisition of a raw digital image of a cross section of the biological tissue containing the cells to be identified, this raw image comprising a plurality of pixels of different intensity values; b) the automatic generation (30, 60, 80) of at least one thresholded image by replacing, on the one hand, each pixel of the raw image whose intensity value is lower than a predetermined intensity threshold, by a pixel of a first intensity value and, on the other hand, each pixel whose intensity value is higher than this predetermined threshold, by a pixel of a second intensity value, the intensity threshold being predetermined to correspond to an intermediate intensity value between the intensity values of the cytoplasm and of the membrane in the raw image; c) the automatic search (40, 70, 90), in the thresholded image, of surfaces each formed by a plurality of contiguous pixels and of a same predefined intensity value, each surface thus found constituting a candidate cell; d) the selective transformation of a candidate cell into an identified cell, when one or more morphological characteristics of this candidate satisfy predefined morphological criteria and, otherwise, the non-transformation of the candidate cell into an identified cell; a) the acquisition of a raw digital image of a cross section of the biological tissue containing the cells to be identified, this raw image comprising a plurality of pixels of different intensity values; b) the automatic generation (30, 60, 80) of at least one thresholded image by replacing, on the one hand, each pixel of the raw image whose intensity value is lower than a predetermined intensity threshold, by a pixel of a first intensity value and, on the other hand, each pixel whose intensity value is higher than this predetermined threshold, by a pixel of a second intensity value, the intensity threshold being predetermined to correspond to an intermediate intensity value between the intensity values of the cytoplasm and of the membrane in the raw image; c) the automatic search (40, 70, 90), in the thresholded image, of surfaces each formed by a plurality of contiguous pixels and of a same predefined intensity value, each surface thus found constituting a candidate cell; d) the selective transformation of a candidate cell into an identified cell, when one or more morphological characteristics of this candidate satisfy predefined morphological criteria and, otherwise, the non-transformation of the candidate cell into an identified cell; the predefined intensity value being that, out of the first and second intensity values, which corresponds to the cytoplasm.