An electron buffering material comprising a compound represented by the following formula 1: wherein, X 1 represents -N=, -NR 7 -, -O- or -S-; Y 1 represents -N=, -NR 8 -, -O- or -S-; where X 1 is -N=, Y 1 is -NR 8 -, -O- or -S-; where X 1 is -NR 7 -, Y 1 is -N=, -O- or -S-; the case that both of X 1 and Y 1 are -O- or -S-, and the case that one of X 1 and Y 1 is -O-, and the other is -S- are excluded; R 1 represents a substituted or unsubstituted (C6-C30)aryl, or a substituted or unsubstituted (3 to 30-membered)heteroaryl; R 2 to R 4, each independently, represent hydrogen, deuterium, a halogen, a cyano, a substituted or unsubstituted (C1-C30)alkyl, a substituted or unsubstituted (C6-C30)aryl, a substituted or unsubstituted (3 to 30-membered)heteroaryl, a substituted or unsubstituted (C3-C30)cycloalkyl, a substituted or unsubstituted (C1-C30)alkoxy, a substituted or unsubstituted tri(C1-C30)alkylsilyl, a substituted or unsubstituted di(C1-C30)alkyl(C6-C30)arylsilyl, a substituted or unsubstituted (C1-C30)alkyldi(C6-C30)arylsilyl, a substituted or unsubstituted tri(C6-C30)arylsilyl, a substituted or unsubstituted mono- or di-(C1-C30)alkylamino, a substituted or unsubstituted mono- or di-(C6-C30)arylamino, or a substituted or unsubstituted (C1-C30)alkyl(C6-C30)aryiamino; characterized in that R 7 and R 8, each independently, represent deuterium, a halogen, a cyano, a substituted or unsubstituted (C1-C30)alkyl, a substituted or unsubstituted (C6-C30)aryl, a substituted or unsubstituted (3 to 30-membered)heteroaryl, a substituted or unsubstituted (C3-C30)cycloalkyl, a substituted or unsubstituted (C1-C30)alkoxy, a substituted or unsubstituted tri(C1-C30)alkylsilyl, a substituted or unsubstituted di(C1-C30)alkyl(C6-C30)arylsilyl, a substituted or unsubstituted (C1-C30)alkyldi(C6-C30)arylsilyl, a substituted or unsubstituted tri(C6-C30)arylsilyl, a substituted or unsubstituted mono- or di-(C1-C30)alkylamino, a substituted or unsubstituted mono- or di-(C6-C30)arylamino, or a substituted or unsubstituted (C1-C30)alkyl(C6-C30)arylamino, or may be linked to an adjacent substituent(s) to form a substituted or unsubstituted (C3-C30), mono- or polycyclic, alicyclic or aromatic ring, whose carbon atom(s) may be replaced with at least one heteroatom selected from nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur; a represents an integer of 1; b and c, each independently, represent an integer of 1 or 2; d represents an integer of 1 to 4; and the heteroaryl contains at least one heteroatom selected from B, N, O, S, Si and P. X 1 represents -N=, -NR 7 -, -O- or -S-; Y 1 represents -N=, -NR 8 -, -O- or -S-; where X 1 is -N=, Y 1 is -NR 8 -, -O- or -S-; where X 1 is -NR 7 -, Y 1 is -N=, -O- or -S-; the case that both of X 1 and Y 1 are -O- or -S-, and the case that one of X 1 and Y 1 is -O-, and the other is -S- are excluded; R 1 represents a substituted or unsubstituted (C6-C30)aryl, or a substituted or unsubstituted (3 to 30-membered)heteroaryl; R 2 to R 4, each independently, represent hydrogen, deuterium, a halogen, a cyano, a substituted or unsubstituted (C1-C30)alkyl, a substituted or unsubstituted (C6-C30)aryl, a substituted or unsubstituted (3 to 30-membered)heteroaryl, a substituted or unsubstituted (C3-C30)cycloalkyl, a substituted or unsubstituted (C1-C30)alkoxy, a substituted or unsubstituted tri(C1-C30)alkylsilyl, a substituted or unsubstituted di(C1-C30)alkyl(C6-C30)arylsilyl, a substituted or unsubstituted (C1-C30)alkyldi(C6-C30)arylsilyl, a substituted or unsubstituted tri(C6-C30)arylsilyl, a substituted or unsubstituted mono- or di-(C1-C30)alkylamino, a substituted or unsubstituted mono- or di-(C6-C30)arylamino, or a substituted or unsubstituted (C1-C30)alkyl(C6-C30)aryiamino; characterized in that R 7 and R 8, each independently, represent deuterium, a halogen, a cyano, a substituted or unsubstituted (C1-C30)alkyl, a substituted or unsubstituted (C6-C30)aryl, a substituted or unsubstituted (3 to 30-membered)heteroaryl, a substituted or unsubstituted (C3-C30)cycloalkyl, a substituted or unsubstituted (C1-C30)alkoxy, a substituted or unsubstituted tri(C1-C30)alkylsilyl, a substituted or unsubstituted di(C1-C30)alkyl(C6-C30)arylsilyl, a substituted or unsubstituted (C1-C30)alkyldi(C6-C30)arylsilyl, a substituted or unsubstituted tri(C6-C30)arylsilyl, a substituted or unsubstituted mono- or di-(C1-C30)alkylamino, a substituted or unsubstituted mono- or di-(C6-C30)arylamino, or a substituted or unsubstituted (C1-C30)alkyl(C6-C30)arylamino, or may be linked to an adjacent substituent(s) to form a substituted or unsubstituted (C3-C30), mono- or polycyclic, alicyclic or aromatic ring, whose carbon atom(s) may be replaced with at least one heteroatom selected from nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur; a represents an integer of 1; b and c, each independently, represent an integer of 1 or 2; d represents an integer of 1 to 4; and the heteroaryl contains at least one heteroatom selected from B, N, O, S, Si and P.