A lithium ion battery, comprising: a positive electrode plate; a negative electrode plate; a separator disposed between the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate; and an electrolyte comprising a lithium salt and an organic solvent, wherein the positive electrode plate comprises a positive electrode current collector, and a positive electrode film disposed on a surface of the positive electrode current collector and containing a positive electrode active material, the positive electrode active material comprising: a matrix having a general formula of Li x Ni y Co z M k Me p O r A m, where 0.9 ≤ x ≤ 1.05, 0 ≤ y ≤1, 0≤z≤ 1, 0≤k≤ 1, 0≤p≤0.1, y+z+k+p=1,1 ≤r≤2, 0≤m≤2, m + r≤2, M is one or two selected from Mn and Al, Me is selected from a group consisting of Zr, Zn, Cu, Cr, Mg, Fe, V, Ti, Y, Nb, and combinations thereof, and A is selected from a group consisting of N, F, S, Cl, and combinations thereof; a first coating layer, in form of discrete islands, located on the surface of the matrix, the first coating layer being an oxide of a metal element N, the metal element N being selected from a group consisting of Al, Zr, Mg, Ti, Co, Y, Ba, Cd, and combinations thereof; and a second coating layer, in form of a continuous layer, located on the first coating layer and the surface of the matrix, the second coating layer being an oxide of an element N', the element N' being selected from a group consisting of B, Sn, S, P, and combinations thereof, wherein the electrolyte further comprises an additive A and an additive B, the additive A being selected from a group consisting of cyclic sultone compounds represented by Formula 1 and Formula 2, and combinations thereof, where in Formula 1, R is a substituted or unsubstituted linear alkylene group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms, and the substituent, if present, is selected from a group consisting of C 1 -C 6 alkyl, halogen, and combinations thereof, and the additive B being one or two selected from lithium difluorobisoxalate phosphate and lithium tetrafluorooxalate phosphate, a positive electrode plate; a negative electrode plate; a separator disposed between the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate; and an electrolyte comprising a lithium salt and an organic solvent, wherein the positive electrode plate comprises a positive electrode current collector, and a positive electrode film disposed on a surface of the positive electrode current collector and containing a positive electrode active material, the positive electrode active material comprising: a matrix having a general formula of Li x Ni y Co z M k Me p O r A m, where 0.9 ≤ x ≤ 1.05, 0 ≤ y ≤1, 0≤z≤ 1, 0≤k≤ 1, 0≤p≤0.1, y+z+k+p=1,1 ≤r≤2, 0≤m≤2, m + r≤2, M is one or two selected from Mn and Al, Me is selected from a group consisting of Zr, Zn, Cu, Cr, Mg, Fe, V, Ti, Y, Nb, and combinations thereof, and A is selected from a group consisting of N, F, S, Cl, and combinations thereof; a first coating layer, in form of discrete islands, located on the surface of the matrix, the first coating layer being an oxide of a metal element N, the metal element N being selected from a group consisting of Al, Zr, Mg, Ti, Co, Y, Ba, Cd, and combinations thereof; and a second coating layer, in form of a continuous layer, located on the first coating layer and the surface of the matrix, the second coating layer being an oxide of an element N', the element N' being selected from a group consisting of B, Sn, S, P, and combinations thereof, a matrix having a general formula of Li x Ni y Co z M k Me p O r A m, where 0.9 ≤ x ≤ 1.05, 0 ≤ y ≤1, 0≤z≤ 1, 0≤k≤ 1, 0≤p≤0.1, y+z+k+p=1,1 ≤r≤2, 0≤m≤2, m + r≤2, M is one or two selected from Mn and Al, Me is selected from a group consisting of Zr, Zn, Cu, Cr, Mg, Fe, V, Ti, Y, Nb, and combinations thereof, and A is selected from a group consisting of N, F, S, Cl, and combinations thereof; a first coating layer, in form of discrete islands, located on the surface of the matrix, the first coating layer being an oxide of a metal element N, the metal element N being selected from a group consisting of Al, Zr, Mg, Ti, Co, Y, Ba, Cd, and combinations thereof; and a second coating layer, in form of a continuous layer, located on the first coating layer and the surface of the matrix, the second coating layer being an oxide of an element N', the element N' being selected from a group consisting of B, Sn, S, P, and combinations thereof, wherein the electrolyte further comprises an additive A and an additive B, the additive A being selected from a group consisting of cyclic sultone compounds represented by Formula 1 and Formula 2, and combinations thereof, where in Formula 1, R is a substituted or unsubstituted linear alkylene group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms, and the substituent, if present, is selected from a group consisting of C 1 -C 6 alkyl, halogen, and combinations thereof, and the additive B being one or two selected from lithium difluorobisoxalate phosphate and lithium tetrafluorooxalate phosphate,