A method for detecting performance of a random access channel, characterized by comprising: setting a maximum utilization ratio threshold and a first average utilization ratio threshold, and obtaining a maximum utilization ratio and an average utilization ratio of the random access channel; wherein when the maximum utilization ratio is higher than the maximum utilization ratio threshold and the average utilization ratio is higher than the first average utilization ratio threshold, the random access channel is determined to be in a congestion status; thereby implementing detection of a load status of the random access channel; wherein the step of obtaining the maximum utilization ratio and the average utilization ratio of the random access channel comprises obtaining the maximum utilization ratio and the average utilization ratio according to a common measurement report in one performance statistical cycle; the performance statistical cycle contains a plurality of common measurement report cycles; wherein the step of obtaining the maximum utilization ratio according to the common measurement report in the performance statistical cycle comprises: obtaining a transmission time interval utilization ratio of each common measurement report cycle in the performance statistical cycle by dividing the number of occupied transmission time intervals in the common measurement report cycle by the total number of transmission time intervals; and determining the maximum of transmission time interval utilization ratios of the plurality of common measurement report cycles to be the maximum utilization ratio; and the step of obtaining the average utilization ratio according to the common measurement report in the performance statistical cycle comprises obtaining the average utilization ratio by dividing the total number of the occupied transmission time intervals in the performance statistical cycle by the total number of the transmission time intervals. setting a maximum utilization ratio threshold and a first average utilization ratio threshold, and obtaining a maximum utilization ratio and an average utilization ratio of the random access channel; wherein when the maximum utilization ratio is higher than the maximum utilization ratio threshold and the average utilization ratio is higher than the first average utilization ratio threshold, the random access channel is determined to be in a congestion status; thereby implementing detection of a load status of the random access channel; wherein the step of obtaining the maximum utilization ratio and the average utilization ratio of the random access channel comprises obtaining the maximum utilization ratio and the average utilization ratio according to a common measurement report in one performance statistical cycle; the performance statistical cycle contains a plurality of common measurement report cycles; wherein the step of obtaining the maximum utilization ratio according to the common measurement report in the performance statistical cycle comprises: obtaining a transmission time interval utilization ratio of each common measurement report cycle in the performance statistical cycle by dividing the number of occupied transmission time intervals in the common measurement report cycle by the total number of transmission time intervals; and determining the maximum of transmission time interval utilization ratios of the plurality of common measurement report cycles to be the maximum utilization ratio; and the step of obtaining the average utilization ratio according to the common measurement report in the performance statistical cycle comprises obtaining the average utilization ratio by dividing the total number of the occupied transmission time intervals in the performance statistical cycle by the total number of the transmission time intervals.