A device for inspecting a condition of rotor windings of a generator, comprising a central processing unit, a storage unit, a sequential logic circuit (C0-1, C1-2), a high-voltage full-cycle pulse matching generator (C2-3), a pulse signal coupling feedback acquisition circuit, a data acquisition system, an upper computer management system and a waveform data analysis system; wherein, the central processing unit controls the sequential logic circuit (C0-1, C1-2), the sequential logic circuit (C0-1, C1-2) is connected to the high-voltage full-cycle pulse matching generator (C2-3), the high-voltage full-cycle pulse matching generator (C2-3) applies a waveform to a generator rotor, the pulse signal coupling feedback acquisition circuit collects the waveform reflected by the generator rotor and transmits the waveform to the data acquisition system through an operational amplifier; the data acquisition system converts a magnetic field signal into digital information, the central processing unit transmits the digital information to an upper computer, the upper computer is connected to the waveform data analysis system; the sequential logic circuit is configured to realize generation and switching of a specific test sequential waveform, data acquisition, data transmission, and buffering; the high-voltage full-cycle pulse matching generator (C2-3) is configured to couple a digital waveform generated by the sequential logic circuit (C0-1, C1-2) to form a transient bidirectional rotating magnetic field pulse (W00, W11, W21) matching a load, and apply the transient bidirectional rotating magnetic field pulse (W00, W11, W21) to the generator rotor; the pulse signal coupling feedback acquisition circuit is configured to couple all waveforms reflected by the generator rotor to form a magnetic field waveform, and transmit the magnetic field waveform to an acquisition part through the operational amplifier; the data acquisition system is configured to convert a transient signal amplified by the operational amplifier into a digital information stream by direct memory access, DMA, store the digital information stream in a buffer, and transmit the digital information stream to the upper computer; the upper computer management system is configured to transfer all controllable parameters to the central processing unit, and collect all data in real time; and the waveform data analysis system is configured to synthesize functions of background storage, processing, printing, and output. the central processing unit controls the sequential logic circuit (C0-1, C1-2), the sequential logic circuit (C0-1, C1-2) is connected to the high-voltage full-cycle pulse matching generator (C2-3), the high-voltage full-cycle pulse matching generator (C2-3) applies a waveform to a generator rotor, the pulse signal coupling feedback acquisition circuit collects the waveform reflected by the generator rotor and transmits the waveform to the data acquisition system through an operational amplifier; the data acquisition system converts a magnetic field signal into digital information, the central processing unit transmits the digital information to an upper computer, the upper computer is connected to the waveform data analysis system; the sequential logic circuit is configured to realize generation and switching of a specific test sequential waveform, data acquisition, data transmission, and buffering; the high-voltage full-cycle pulse matching generator (C2-3) is configured to couple a digital waveform generated by the sequential logic circuit (C0-1, C1-2) to form a transient bidirectional rotating magnetic field pulse (W00, W11, W21) matching a load, and apply the transient bidirectional rotating magnetic field pulse (W00, W11, W21) to the generator rotor; the pulse signal coupling feedback acquisition circuit is configured to couple all waveforms reflected by the generator rotor to form a magnetic field waveform, and transmit the magnetic field waveform to an acquisition part through the operational amplifier; the data acquisition system is configured to convert a transient signal amplified by the operational amplifier into a digital information stream by direct memory access, DMA, store the digital information stream in a buffer, and transmit the digital information stream to the upper computer; the upper computer management system is configured to transfer all controllable parameters to the central processing unit, and collect all data in real time; and the waveform data analysis system is configured to synthesize functions of background storage, processing, printing, and output.