A resource optimization method, wherein the method comprises: receiving, by a first network device, optimization policy information sent by a second network device, wherein the optimization policy information is used to indicate a first optimization policy, and the first optimization policy is a policy used by the second network device to optimize a time-frequency resource of a target cell in unit of a first time period; acquiring, by the first network device, the first optimization policy according to the received optimization policy information; and optimizing, by the first network device, according to the acquired first optimization policy, the time-frequency resource of the target cell in unit of a second time period, wherein a length of the second time period is less than a length of the first time period, and the second time period is comprised in the first time period; wherein the optimizing, according to the acquired first optimization policy, the time-frequency resource of the target cell in unit of a second time period comprises: determining a transmission rate, within a third time period, of each piece of user equipment that uses the time-frequency resource of the target cell to perform data transmission, wherein a length of the third time period is less than the length of the first time period, and the third time period is earlier than the first time period; determining a second optimization policy according to the first optimization policy and the transmission rate of each piece of user equipment within the third time period; and optimizing, according to the second optimization policy, the time-frequency resource of the target cell in unit of the second time period. receiving, by a first network device, optimization policy information sent by a second network device, wherein the optimization policy information is used to indicate a first optimization policy, and the first optimization policy is a policy used by the second network device to optimize a time-frequency resource of a target cell in unit of a first time period; acquiring, by the first network device, the first optimization policy according to the received optimization policy information; and optimizing, by the first network device, according to the acquired first optimization policy, the time-frequency resource of the target cell in unit of a second time period, wherein a length of the second time period is less than a length of the first time period, and the second time period is comprised in the first time period; wherein the optimizing, according to the acquired first optimization policy, the time-frequency resource of the target cell in unit of a second time period comprises: determining a transmission rate, within a third time period, of each piece of user equipment that uses the time-frequency resource of the target cell to perform data transmission, wherein a length of the third time period is less than the length of the first time period, and the third time period is earlier than the first time period; determining a second optimization policy according to the first optimization policy and the transmission rate of each piece of user equipment within the third time period; and optimizing, according to the second optimization policy, the time-frequency resource of the target cell in unit of the second time period. determining a transmission rate, within a third time period, of each piece of user equipment that uses the time-frequency resource of the target cell to perform data transmission, wherein a length of the third time period is less than the length of the first time period, and the third time period is earlier than the first time period; determining a second optimization policy according to the first optimization policy and the transmission rate of each piece of user equipment within the third time period; and optimizing, according to the second optimization policy, the time-frequency resource of the target cell in unit of the second time period.