A nanoindentation device for hydrates, comprising a glovebox and a control cabinet, wherein the glovebox is configured to be used for providing a clean environment for hydrate testing and comprising three cavities which are a contaminated zone, a transition zone and a static zone respectively, the static zone is connected to a vacuum pump X1 and high-purity liquid nitrogen X2 respectively, a sample stand, an optical microscope and an anti-vibration platform are mounted in the static zone; the sample stand is arranged on the anti-vibration platform; the sample stand comprises a sample cell mounting chamber for mounting and fixing a sample cell and a liquid nitrogen containing chamber for containing liquid nitrogen; characterized in that a micro-nano test module and a nano positioning stage are also mounted in the static zone, the nano positioning stage is arranged on the anti-vibration platform, the micro-nano test module is arranged on the nano positioning stage, and the sample stand and the nano positioning stage are mounted in parallel; the micro-nano test module comprises a piezoelectric actuator, a support lever, a torque lever and a nano probe, the torque lever uses an endpoint of the support lever as a support point and has two ends connected to the piezoelectric actuator and the nano probe respectively, the nano probe is located right above a hydrate sample, the piezoelectric actuator drives one said end of the torque lever to move upwards and downwards to indent in and pull out the nano probe; the nano positioning stage drives the micro-nano test module to perform indentation on the hydrate sample on the sample stand, records displacement and force parameters when performing indentation on the hydrate sample, and transmits the displacement and force parameters to the control cabinet in real time; the optical microscope is obliquely mounted above the sample stand and is configured to be used for assisting in locating an indentation point and observing in real time a morphology change of the hydrate sample when the micro-nano test module performs indentation; and the sample cell mounting chamber and the liquid nitrogen containing chamber are isolated by means of a heat insulation plate and connected by means of a heat-conduction copper sheet. a micro-nano test module and a nano positioning stage are also mounted in the static zone, the nano positioning stage is arranged on the anti-vibration platform, the micro-nano test module is arranged on the nano positioning stage, and the sample stand and the nano positioning stage are mounted in parallel; the micro-nano test module comprises a piezoelectric actuator, a support lever, a torque lever and a nano probe, the torque lever uses an endpoint of the support lever as a support point and has two ends connected to the piezoelectric actuator and the nano probe respectively, the nano probe is located right above a hydrate sample, the piezoelectric actuator drives one said end of the torque lever to move upwards and downwards to indent in and pull out the nano probe; the nano positioning stage drives the micro-nano test module to perform indentation on the hydrate sample on the sample stand, records displacement and force parameters when performing indentation on the hydrate sample, and transmits the displacement and force parameters to the control cabinet in real time; the optical microscope is obliquely mounted above the sample stand and is configured to be used for assisting in locating an indentation point and observing in real time a morphology change of the hydrate sample when the micro-nano test module performs indentation; and the sample cell mounting chamber and the liquid nitrogen containing chamber are isolated by means of a heat insulation plate and connected by means of a heat-conduction copper sheet.