Method for attenuating the noise in experimental data (Zi) resulting from multiple acquisitions by a magnetic resonance imaging device in relation to an elementary volume of interest, hereinafter referred to as a "voxel" of interest, among a plurality of voxels, said method being implemented by a processing unit of a medical imaging analysis system, said method comprising: - a step of collecting said experimental data (Z1,..., Zi,..., Zn) in relation to the plurality of voxels (V1,..., Vn); - a step of producing an ordered set of q main components, according to their respective eigenvalues, and their respective scores for the plurality of voxels (V1,..., Vn), said scores corresponding to the projection of said experimental data onto said q main components; - a step of selecting the k first main components from among the q main components produced; - a step of projecting said experimental data (Zi) onto the k selected main components and producing noise-attenuated experimental data (Zi') in relation to the elementary volume of interest; said method being characterized in that the step of selecting k main components of said method comprises: - a sub-step of producing main component score images for the plurality of voxels (V1,..., Vn) and informative indicators (σ1 r,..., σq r) quantifying the spatial information contained in said images of the scores associated with said main components in the form of a rate of decrease of the values of a determined characteristic of said scores before and after the application of a smoothing filter to said scores, said determined characteristic of the scores for a plurality of voxels (V1,..., Vn) belonging to a set of characteristics, taken alone or in combination, including variance, standard deviation, median and mean; - a sub-step of determining the rank k in order to select the k first main components from said informative indicators (σ1 r,..., σq r) produced. - a step of collecting said experimental data (Z1,..., Zi,..., Zn) in relation to the plurality of voxels (V1,..., Vn); - a step of producing an ordered set of q main components, according to their respective eigenvalues, and their respective scores for the plurality of voxels (V1,..., Vn), said scores corresponding to the projection of said experimental data onto said q main components; - a step of selecting the k first main components from among the q main components produced; - a step of projecting said experimental data (Zi) onto the k selected main components and producing noise-attenuated experimental data (Zi') in relation to the elementary volume of interest; - a sub-step of producing main component score images for the plurality of voxels (V1,..., Vn) and informative indicators (σ1 r,..., σq r) quantifying the spatial information contained in said images of the scores associated with said main components in the form of a rate of decrease of the values of a determined characteristic of said scores before and after the application of a smoothing filter to said scores, said determined characteristic of the scores for a plurality of voxels (V1,..., Vn) belonging to a set of characteristics, taken alone or in combination, including variance, standard deviation, median and mean; - a sub-step of determining the rank k in order to select the k first main components from said informative indicators (σ1 r,..., σq r) produced.