mhurhangee/ep-ind-claims huggingface dataset:
A data transmission method, applied to a network based on an unslotted carrier sense multiple access with collision avoidance, CSMA/CA, mechanism, wherein the network comprises a plurality of nodes, the plurality of nodes share one channel, and the method comprises: determining, by a sending node in the plurality of nodes through a first clear channel assessment, that the channel is idle; waiting, by the sending node, for a delay duration, and performing a second clear channel assessment on the channel after the delay duration; and sending, by the sending node, a data frame to a receiving node in the plurality of nodes through the channel if determining, through the second clear channel assessment, that the channel is idle, wherein the delay duration is an interframe spacing, IFS, wherein if the data frame is a long frame, the IFS is max( T LIFS, T turnaround) + β · T cca; or if the data frame is a short frame, the IFS is max( T SIFS, T turnaround) + β · T cca; wherein T LIFS represents a preset long interframe spacing LIFS, T SIFS represents a preset short interframe spacing, SIFS, T turnaround represents preset duration of switching between receiving and sending statuses of a transceiver, T cca represents duration required by a clear channel assessment, β represents a dynamic adjustment coefficient, and max() represents a MAX function. determining, by a sending node in the plurality of nodes through a first clear channel assessment, that the channel is idle; waiting, by the sending node, for a delay duration, and performing a second clear channel assessment on the channel after the delay duration; and sending, by the sending node, a data frame to a receiving node in the plurality of nodes through the channel if determining, through the second clear channel assessment, that the channel is idle, wherein the delay duration is an interframe spacing, IFS, wherein if the data frame is a long frame, the IFS is max( T LIFS, T turnaround) + β · T cca; or if the data frame is a short frame, the IFS is max( T SIFS, T turnaround) + β · T cca; wherein T LIFS represents a preset long interframe spacing LIFS, T SIFS represents a preset short interframe spacing, SIFS, T turnaround represents preset duration of switching between receiving and sending statuses of a transceiver, T cca represents duration required by a clear channel assessment, β represents a dynamic adjustment coefficient, and max() represents a MAX function.
A method of improving performance of a selective catalytic reduction system, the method comprising: warm idling an internal combustion engine, thereby producing exhaust; reducing a volumetric flow rate of air through the engine; increasing a mechanical load to the engine, thereby increasing an amount of fuel demanded by the engine; and inputting energy from a source of electrical energy into the exhaust, characterized in that reducing a volumetric flow rate of air through the engine includes reducing an idle speed of the engine to a reduced idle speed which is lower than a baseline idle speed. warm idling an internal combustion engine, thereby producing exhaust; reducing a volumetric flow rate of air through the engine; increasing a mechanical load to the engine, thereby increasing an amount of fuel demanded by the engine; and inputting energy from a source of electrical energy into the exhaust, characterized in that reducing a volumetric flow rate of air through the engine includes reducing an idle speed of the engine to a reduced idle speed which is lower than a baseline idle speed.
A method for determining a flow of material consisting of bulk material, in particular cereals, wherein the bulk material is conveyed by means of a continuously revolving conveying device having laminar conveying elements from a lower bulk material receiving region to a higher bulk material discharge region in which the bulk material discharged from the conveying device is deflected by a guide surface disposed in the bulk material discharge region in the direction onto a measuring device, wherein the flow of material is determined by the measurement of a resultant force (F_K) exerted on a sensor surface of the measuring device, wherein at least two parameters which are independent of the properties of the bulk material and which influence the measurement of the force are detected and compensated for, characterized in that frictional forces transmitted from the bulk material onto the sensor surface are taken into consideration as a first parameter and an inclination of the measuring device is taken into consideration as a second parameter, and in that in addition, a flow rate (v_SG) of the bulk material sweeping over the sensor surface is taken into consideration, wherein the flow rate (v_SG) is determined by a sensor assembly which is disposed in front of, inside and/or behind the sensor surface and the determination of the flow rate (v_SG) is carried out by the at least one contactless sensor assembly.
A MIMO radio system comprising: a plurality of transmitter outputs; a plurality of receiver paths; an observation receiver configured to be selectively coupled to one of the plurality of transmitter outputs and to estimate transmission noise from the coupled transmitter output; a selector device to select a transmitter output to be selectively coupled to the observation receiver based on monitored system conditions, including an estimate of noise leakage between transmitter-receiver paths; a cancellation filter, coupled to the observation receiver, to reduce the estimated transmission noise; wherein, in use, the cancellation filter is connected to a first receiver path to reduce transmission noise at the first receiver path from a first transmitter output or from a further transmitter output; and an estimator, coupled to the selector device, to estimate noise leakage between transmitter-receiver paths based on inputs from the receiver paths and observation receiver a plurality of transmitter outputs; a plurality of receiver paths; an observation receiver configured to be selectively coupled to one of the plurality of transmitter outputs and to estimate transmission noise from the coupled transmitter output; a selector device to select a transmitter output to be selectively coupled to the observation receiver based on monitored system conditions, including an estimate of noise leakage between transmitter-receiver paths; a cancellation filter, coupled to the observation receiver, to reduce the estimated transmission noise; wherein, in use, the cancellation filter is connected to a first receiver path to reduce transmission noise at the first receiver path from a first transmitter output or from a further transmitter output; and an estimator, coupled to the selector device, to estimate noise leakage between transmitter-receiver paths based on inputs from the receiver paths and observation receiver
A position sensor (1; 301; 401; 501) for determining the position of an object, the position sensor (1; 301; 401; 501) comprising: - a sensing element (201; 202) adapted to transduce a time-varying external signal into a first electrical signal, - a comparator circuit (33; 34) adapted to perform a thresholding operation on the first electrical signal being characterized by a hysteresis curve having a high threshold and a low threshold, - wherein the position sensor is adapted to provide information relating to the last crossed threshold of the comparator circuit (33; 34) such that it can be stored at least while the position sensor (1; 301; 401; 501) is in an inactive mode and wherein the position sensor is adapted to restore the information relating to the last crossed threshold to obtain a selected threshold for the comparator circuit (33; 34) when the position sensor (1; 301; 401; 501) is switched from the inactive mode to an active mode, - wherein the position sensor (1; 301; 401; 501) is configured such that a transition in one or more position sensor output signals (381; 382) is generated by the thresholding operation if the selected threshold is crossed by the first electrical signal and wherein the position sensor is configured to change the selected threshold after it was crossed by the first electrical signal. - a sensing element (201; 202) adapted to transduce a time-varying external signal into a first electrical signal, - a comparator circuit (33; 34) adapted to perform a thresholding operation on the first electrical signal being characterized by a hysteresis curve having a high threshold and a low threshold, - wherein the position sensor is adapted to provide information relating to the last crossed threshold of the comparator circuit (33; 34) such that it can be stored at least while the position sensor (1; 301; 401; 501) is in an inactive mode and wherein the position sensor is adapted to restore the information relating to the last crossed threshold to obtain a selected threshold for the comparator circuit (33; 34) when the position sensor (1; 301; 401; 501) is switched from the inactive mode to an active mode, - wherein the position sensor (1; 301; 401; 501) is configured such that a transition in one or more position sensor output signals (381; 382) is generated by the thresholding operation if the selected threshold is crossed by the first electrical signal and wherein the position sensor is configured to change the selected threshold after it was crossed by the first electrical signal.
Drive apparatus for an electric bicycle, comprising: - an output shaft with at least one bearing, a first transmission apparatus (20, 6, 7) transmitting a torque to at least one wheel of the electric bicycle, as a result of which a first bearing force acts on the bearing in a first direction, - a drive shaft, on which a torque which is generated by an electric motor acts, a second transmission apparatus (21, 31) transmitting a torque from the drive shaft to the output shaft, as a result of which a second bearing force acts on the bearing in a second direction, - a pedal shaft, on which a torque which is generated by a rider acts, a third transmission apparatus (40, 5, 22) transmitting a torque from the pedal shaft to the output shaft, as a result of which a third bearing force acts on the bearing in a third direction, and - a bearing sensor which is set up to determine the occurrence of the third bearing force on the bearing, characterized in that - the first direction of the first bearing force and the second direction of the second bearing force are identical or substantially identical, and - the first direction of the first bearing force and the third direction of the third bearing force are perpendicular or substantially perpendicular with respect to one another. - an output shaft with at least one bearing, a first transmission apparatus (20, 6, 7) transmitting a torque to at least one wheel of the electric bicycle, as a result of which a first bearing force acts on the bearing in a first direction, - a drive shaft, on which a torque which is generated by an electric motor acts, a second transmission apparatus (21, 31) transmitting a torque from the drive shaft to the output shaft, as a result of which a second bearing force acts on the bearing in a second direction, - a pedal shaft, on which a torque which is generated by a rider acts, a third transmission apparatus (40, 5, 22) transmitting a torque from the pedal shaft to the output shaft, as a result of which a third bearing force acts on the bearing in a third direction, and - a bearing sensor which is set up to determine the occurrence of the third bearing force on the bearing, - the first direction of the first bearing force and the second direction of the second bearing force are identical or substantially identical, and - the first direction of the first bearing force and the third direction of the third bearing force are perpendicular or substantially perpendicular with respect to one another.
A borosilicate glass, comprising the following constituents based on oxide: SiO 2 70-77 wt%, B 2 O 3 9.0-12 wt%, Al 2 O 3 3.0-7.0 wt%, Na 2 O 5.0-8.0 wt%, K 2 O 0-2.0 wt%, Li 2 O 0-1.0 wt%, wherein ∑ (Na 2 O + K 2 O + LizO) 5.0-9.0 wt%, CaO 0-3.0 wt%, MgO 0-1.0 wt%, BaO 0-2.0 wt%, wherein ∑ (CaO+ MgO+ BaO) 0-5.0 wt%, CeO 2 0-1.0 wt%, NaCl 0-1.0 wt%, Y 2 O 3 0.25-4.0 wt%.
A device for supplying hydrogen to a hydrogen internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle, preferably a commercial vehicle, comprising: a storage tank for a fluid comprising a hydrogen-enriched carrier means, preferably LOHC; a first heat exchanger arranged to receive the fluid downstream of the storage tank and configured to heat the fluid by heat transfer from a coolant, preferably cooling water, of the hydrogen internal combustion engine; a second heat exchanger arranged to receive the heated fluid downstream of the first heat exchanger and configured to further heat the fluid by heat transfer from an exhaust gas stream of the hydrogen internal combustion engine; and a catalyst arranged to receive the further heated fluid downstream of the second heat exchanger and configured to extract hydrogen from the fluid. a storage tank for a fluid comprising a hydrogen-enriched carrier means, preferably LOHC; a first heat exchanger arranged to receive the fluid downstream of the storage tank and configured to heat the fluid by heat transfer from a coolant, preferably cooling water, of the hydrogen internal combustion engine; a second heat exchanger arranged to receive the heated fluid downstream of the first heat exchanger and configured to further heat the fluid by heat transfer from an exhaust gas stream of the hydrogen internal combustion engine; and a catalyst arranged to receive the further heated fluid downstream of the second heat exchanger and configured to extract hydrogen from the fluid.
A wireless end-user device comprising: a Wireless Wide-Area Network (WWAN) modem; a secure memory to store a first service profile associated with a first service plan and a first network accessible through the WWAN modem, the first service profile comprising a first set of network service policies, and a second service profile associated with a second service plan and a second network accessible through the WWAN modem, the second service profile comprising a second set of network service policies; a connection manager to select an access network connection for the WWAN modem, based on a selected one of the first and second service profiles; a policy control agent to enforce network service policies associated with the selected one of the first and second service profiles, an application service interface to interface with one or more applications (1602, 1604, 1605) resident on the wireless end-user device, characterized in that first policies included in the one or more network service policies are enforced at the application service interface on network data connections for the one or more applications (1602, 1604, 1605) interfacing with the application service interface. a Wireless Wide-Area Network (WWAN) modem; a secure memory to store a first service profile associated with a first service plan and a first network accessible through the WWAN modem, the first service profile comprising a first set of network service policies, and a second service profile associated with a second service plan and a second network accessible through the WWAN modem, the second service profile comprising a second set of network service policies; a first service profile associated with a first service plan and a first network accessible through the WWAN modem, the first service profile comprising a first set of network service policies, and a second service profile associated with a second service plan and a second network accessible through the WWAN modem, the second service profile comprising a second set of network service policies; a connection manager to select an access network connection for the WWAN modem, based on a selected one of the first and second service profiles; a policy control agent to enforce network service policies associated with the selected one of the first and second service profiles, an application service interface to interface with one or more applications (1602, 1604, 1605) resident on the wireless end-user device, characterized in that first policies included in the one or more network service policies are enforced at the application service interface on network data connections for the one or more applications (1602, 1604, 1605) interfacing with the application service interface.
Method for producing plastic parts by the internal gas pressure process, a mould being closed to form a cavity within the mould, a polymer melt being injected into the cavity and a compressed gas subsequently being injected into the cavity, characterized in that, after the closing of the mould and before the injection of the melt, a purging gas at a pressure of between 3 and 50 bar, preferably at a pressure of between 5 and 30 bar, and a temperature of between 40°C and 90°C being introduced into the cavity.
Sterile packaging for sterile medical devices, which as a double sterile packaging builds up an inner first sterile barrier and an outer second sterile barrier formed separately from and independently of the first sterile barrier, and which is accommodated in an outer packaging, characterized in that the outer packaging consists of a composite material, inter alia of cardboard and at least one coating or film, and the outer packaging and in particular its coating or film in the composite material is designed and intended to form an outer second sterile barrier of the sterile packaging and the inner packaging formed as a first sterile barrier, in which at least one sterile medical device is accommodated, protrudes when the outer packaging formed as a second sterile barrier is opened.
Mobile measuring system for carrying out a gas analysis and/or for determining the calorific value and/or for determining the Wobbe index of a test gas, comprising a measuring apparatus, wherein the measuring apparatus comprises a gas chromatograph and a gas treatment unit, wherein the gas treatment unit has a pressure regulator and a throughflow regulator, wherein the mobile measuring system has a transportable housing, wherein the measuring apparatus is fitted in the housing, characterized in that the gas treatment unit has a filter unit and a bypass for the test gas, wherein the throughflow regulator is arranged downstream of the pressure regulator and upstream of the filter unit in the flow direction of the test gas, wherein the bypass is arranged between the pressure regulator and the throughflow regulator in such a way that surplus gas quantities are guided to the outside, wherein the housing is an electrically conductive housing, wherein the measuring system has a mounting plate, wherein at least the chromatograph and the gas treatment unit are mounted on the mounting plate.
A light source apparatus, comprising: a first reflector having a first reflection face; a second reflector having a second reflection face, the second reflection face of the second reflector and the first reflection face of the first reflector disposed opposite each other; and a plurality of light sources disposed around a periphery of the second reflector, light beams emitted from the plurality of light sources reflecting on the first reflector and then reflecting on the second reflector; and each of the light sources comprises a collimator lens that converts light emitted from the light source into parallel light or converging light; characterized in that a curvature center axis of the collimator lens and an optical axis of the light source are offset. a first reflector having a first reflection face; a second reflector having a second reflection face, the second reflection face of the second reflector and the first reflection face of the first reflector disposed opposite each other; and a plurality of light sources disposed around a periphery of the second reflector, light beams emitted from the plurality of light sources reflecting on the first reflector and then reflecting on the second reflector; and each of the light sources comprises a collimator lens that converts light emitted from the light source into parallel light or converging light; characterized in that a curvature center axis of the collimator lens and an optical axis of the light source are offset.
A method for generating an image recording, comprising capturing a camera image frame with a camera; identifying pose data that corresponds to the camera image frame, the pose data comprising user pose data and camera pose data, wherein the user pose data is from a different perspective from the camera pose data; rendering user pose virtual content generated from a user's perspective for immediate display to a user in an augmented reality AR device, wherein the user pose virtual content corresponds to first virtual content from the user's perspective; rendering camera pose virtual content generated from a camera's perspective, where the camera pose virtual content corresponds to second virtual content from the camera's perspective; and composing an image recording by combining the camera image frame with the camera pose virtual content; characterized in that a single inertial measurement unit IMU generates both the user pose data and the camera pose data; a single graphics processing unit GPU processing cycle includes processing to render virtual content for both the user pose and the camera pose, and the virtual content for the user pose and the camera pose rendered during the single GPU processing cycle corresponds to different frames. capturing a camera image frame with a camera; identifying pose data that corresponds to the camera image frame, the pose data comprising user pose data and camera pose data, wherein the user pose data is from a different perspective from the camera pose data; rendering user pose virtual content generated from a user's perspective for immediate display to a user in an augmented reality AR device, wherein the user pose virtual content corresponds to first virtual content from the user's perspective; rendering camera pose virtual content generated from a camera's perspective, where the camera pose virtual content corresponds to second virtual content from the camera's perspective; and composing an image recording by combining the camera image frame with the camera pose virtual content; characterized in that a single inertial measurement unit IMU generates both the user pose data and the camera pose data; a single graphics processing unit GPU processing cycle includes processing to render virtual content for both the user pose and the camera pose, and the virtual content for the user pose and the camera pose rendered during the single GPU processing cycle corresponds to different frames.