A method for evaluating renal status in a subject, comprising: performing one or more assays that generate(s) a detectable signal indicative of the presence or amount of a physiologically relevant concentration of one or more biomarkers on a body fluid sample obtained from the subject to provide an assay result; and correlating the assay result(s) to the renal status of the subject, wherein said correlating step comprises assigning a likelihood of a future change in renal status to the subject based on the assay result(s), wherein said future change in renal status comprises future acute renal failure, and wherein the one or more biomarkers comprise Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 8 and optionally one or more of Alpha-Fetoprotein, Thyroxine-binding globulin, Prostate-specific antigen (free form), Apolipoprotein A, Apolipoprotein E, Thyrotropin subunit beta, Platelet-derived growth factor B/B dimer, C-C motif chemokine 7, C-C motif chemokine 26, Complement C4-B, Corticotropin, Interferon alpha-2, Interleukin-4 receptor alpha chain, Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 4, Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 5, Interleukin 21, Interleukin 23 alpha subunit, Interleukin-28A, Interleukin-33, Lutropin subunit beta, Matrix Metalloproteinase-1, Neural cell adhesion molecule 1, Pigment epithelium-derived factor, Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2, Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3, and IgG4, wherein the likelihood of a future change in renal status is that an event of interest is more or less likely to occur within 30 days of the time at which the body fluid sample is obtained from the subject, and wherein the correlating comprises comparing an assay result in the form of the Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 8 concentration to a predetermined threshold selected to be indicative of the likelihood of future acute renal failure. performing one or more assays that generate(s) a detectable signal indicative of the presence or amount of a physiologically relevant concentration of one or more biomarkers on a body fluid sample obtained from the subject to provide an assay result; and correlating the assay result(s) to the renal status of the subject, wherein said correlating step comprises assigning a likelihood of a future change in renal status to the subject based on the assay result(s), wherein said future change in renal status comprises future acute renal failure, and wherein the one or more biomarkers comprise Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 8 and optionally one or more of Alpha-Fetoprotein, Thyroxine-binding globulin, Prostate-specific antigen (free form), Apolipoprotein A, Apolipoprotein E, Thyrotropin subunit beta, Platelet-derived growth factor B/B dimer, C-C motif chemokine 7, C-C motif chemokine 26, Complement C4-B, Corticotropin, Interferon alpha-2, Interleukin-4 receptor alpha chain, Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 4, Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 5, Interleukin 21, Interleukin 23 alpha subunit, Interleukin-28A, Interleukin-33, Lutropin subunit beta, Matrix Metalloproteinase-1, Neural cell adhesion molecule 1, Pigment epithelium-derived factor, Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2, Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3, and IgG4, wherein the likelihood of a future change in renal status is that an event of interest is more or less likely to occur within 30 days of the time at which the body fluid sample is obtained from the subject, and wherein the correlating comprises comparing an assay result in the form of the Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 8 concentration to a predetermined threshold selected to be indicative of the likelihood of future acute renal failure.