Cosmetic use of at least one compound of general formula: in which, - S represents a monosaccharide or a polysaccharide of up to 20 sugar units, in pyranose and/or furanose form, and of the L and/or D series, said mono- or polysaccharide having at least one hydroxyl function that must be free and/or optionally one or more optionally protected amine functions; - the S-CH 2 X bond represents a bond of C-anomeric nature; - X represents a group chosen from: -CO-, -CH(NR 1 R 2)-, -CHR'- and -C(=CHR')-; - R represents a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated alkyl, perfluoroalkyl or hydrofluoroalkyl chain, or a cycloalkyl, cycloperfluoroalkyl or cyclohydrofluoroalkyl ring, containing from 1 to 18 carbon atoms, or a phenyl radical, it being possible for said chain, said ring or said radical to be optionally interrupted with one or more heteroatoms chosen from oxygen, sulfur, nitrogen and silicon, and optionally substituted with at least one radical chosen from -OR' 1 -, -SR" 1, -NR''' 1 R' 2, -COOR" 2, -CONHR''' 2, -CN, halogen, perfluoroalkyl and hydrofluoroalkyl, and/or at least one cycloalkyl, aryl or heterocyclic radical, optionally substituted; - R', R 1 and R 2, which may be identical or different, have the same definition as that given for R, and can also represent a hydrogen and a hydroxyl radical; - R' 2 and R''' 2, which may be identical or different, represent a hydrogen atom, or a radical chosen from a hydroxyl radical and a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated alkyl, perfluoroalkyl and/or hydrofluoroalkyl radical containing from 1 to 20 carbon atoms; - R' 1, R" 1, R" 2 and R''' 1, which may be identical or different, represent a hydrogen atom, or a radical chosen from a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated alkyl, perfluoroalkyl and/or hydrofluoroalkyl radical containing from 1 to 20 carbon atoms; with the exclusion of compounds such that: - R 1 and R 2 cannot simultaneously be a hydroxyl radical; - R''' 1 and R' 2 cannot simultaneously be a hydroxyl radical; - when S is a D-xylose and X is =CO, then R cannot be an unsubstituted phenyl; - when S is a D-glucose and X is the function -OH, then R cannot be a p-hydroxyphenyl; and - when S is a D-glucose and X is =O, then R cannot be a p-methoxyphenyl or a hexyl; for preventing and/or treating hair turning white or grey prematurely. - S represents a monosaccharide or a polysaccharide of up to 20 sugar units, in pyranose and/or furanose form, and of the L and/or D series, said mono- or polysaccharide having at least one hydroxyl function that must be free and/or optionally one or more optionally protected amine functions; - the S-CH 2 X bond represents a bond of C-anomeric nature; - X represents a group chosen from: -CO-, -CH(NR 1 R 2)-, -CHR'- and -C(=CHR')-; - R represents a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated alkyl, perfluoroalkyl or hydrofluoroalkyl chain, or a cycloalkyl, cycloperfluoroalkyl or cyclohydrofluoroalkyl ring, containing from 1 to 18 carbon atoms, or a phenyl radical, it being possible for said chain, said ring or said radical to be optionally interrupted with one or more heteroatoms chosen from oxygen, sulfur, nitrogen and silicon, and optionally substituted with at least one radical chosen from -OR' 1 -, -SR" 1, -NR''' 1 R' 2, -COOR" 2, -CONHR''' 2, -CN, halogen, perfluoroalkyl and hydrofluoroalkyl, and/or at least one cycloalkyl, aryl or heterocyclic radical, optionally substituted; - R', R 1 and R 2, which may be identical or different, have the same definition as that given for R, and can also represent a hydrogen and a hydroxyl radical; - R' 2 and R''' 2, which may be identical or different, represent a hydrogen atom, or a radical chosen from a hydroxyl radical and a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated alkyl, perfluoroalkyl and/or hydrofluoroalkyl radical containing from 1 to 20 carbon atoms; - R' 1, R" 1, R" 2 and R''' 1, which may be identical or different, represent a hydrogen atom, or a radical chosen from a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated alkyl, perfluoroalkyl and/or hydrofluoroalkyl radical containing from 1 to 20 carbon atoms; - R 1 and R 2 cannot simultaneously be a hydroxyl radical; - R''' 1 and R' 2 cannot simultaneously be a hydroxyl radical; - when S is a D-xylose and X is =CO, then R cannot be an unsubstituted phenyl; - when S is a D-glucose and X is the function -OH, then R cannot be a p-hydroxyphenyl; and - when S is a D-glucose and X is =O, then R cannot be a p-methoxyphenyl or a hexyl;