A compound of formula: or an enantiomer, a mixture of enantiomers, or a mixture of two or more diastereomers thereof; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, or hydrate thereof; wherein: X is NH, and Y is S 2; or X is S 2, and Y is NH; R' is hydrogen, halogen, cyano, OH, OC R a, C R a, C OR a, C NR a R b, NR a C R b, NR a R b, OS R a, SR a, S R a, S 2 R a, S 2 NR a R b, NR a S 2 R b, (C 1 -C 8)alkyl, (C 2 -C 8)alkenyl, (C 2 -C 8)alkynyl, (C 1 -C 8)alkoxy, (C 2 -C 8)alkenyloxy, (C 2 -C 8)alkynyloxy, (C 3 -C 8)cycloalkyl, or (C 3 -C 8)cycloalkyloxy, wherein the alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkoxy, alkenyloxy, alkynyloxy, cycloalkyl, and cycloalkyloxy are each optionally substituted with one or more halogen; n is 2, 3, or 4; each occurrence of R is independently (C 1 -C 6)alkyl, (C 2 -C 8)alkenyl, (C 2 -C 8)alkynyl, or (C 3 -C 8)cycloalkyl; and R a and R b are each independently hydrogen, (C 1 -C 8)alkyl, (C 2 -C 8)alkenyl, (C 2 -C 8)alkynyl, (C 1 -C 8)heteroalkyl, (C 3 -C 8)cycloalkyl, (C 7 -C 12)aralkyl, phenyl, (5 to 6 membered)heteroaryl, or (3 to 7 membered)heterocyclyl; or R a and R b together form a 3 to 10 membered ring; with the proviso that the compound is not any one of N -(3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-2,4-dimethylbenzene-sulfonamide, N -(3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-2,5-dimethyl-benzenesulfonamide, N -(3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-3,4-dimethylbenzenesulfonamide, N -(3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-2,4,6-trimethylbenzenesulfonamide, N -(3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl)-2,3,5,6-tetramethylbenzenesulfonamide, N -(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzenesulfonamide, N -(3,5-dimethylphenyl)-3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)-benzenesulfonamide, and N -(2-isopropyl-6-methylphenyl)-3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)-benzenesulfonamide. X is NH, and Y is S 2; or X is S 2, and Y is NH; R' is hydrogen, halogen, cyano, OH, OC R a, C R a, C OR a, C NR a R b, NR a C R b, NR a R b, OS R a, SR a, S R a, S 2 R a, S 2 NR a R b, NR a S 2 R b, (C 1 -C 8)alkyl, (C 2 -C 8)alkenyl, (C 2 -C 8)alkynyl, (C 1 -C 8)alkoxy, (C 2 -C 8)alkenyloxy, (C 2 -C 8)alkynyloxy, (C 3 -C 8)cycloalkyl, or (C 3 -C 8)cycloalkyloxy, wherein the alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkoxy, alkenyloxy, alkynyloxy, cycloalkyl, and cycloalkyloxy are each optionally substituted with one or more halogen; n is 2, 3, or 4; each occurrence of R is independently (C 1 -C 6)alkyl, (C 2 -C 8)alkenyl, (C 2 -C 8)alkynyl, or (C 3 -C 8)cycloalkyl; and R a and R b are each independently hydrogen, (C 1 -C 8)alkyl, (C 2 -C 8)alkenyl, (C 2 -C 8)alkynyl, (C 1 -C 8)heteroalkyl, (C 3 -C 8)cycloalkyl, (C 7 -C 12)aralkyl, phenyl, (5 to 6 membered)heteroaryl, or (3 to 7 membered)heterocyclyl; or R a and R b together form a 3 to 10 membered ring; with the proviso that the compound is not any one of N -(3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-2,4-dimethylbenzene-sulfonamide, N -(3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-2,5-dimethyl-benzenesulfonamide, N -(3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-3,4-dimethylbenzenesulfonamide, N -(3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-2,4,6-trimethylbenzenesulfonamide, N -(3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl)-2,3,5,6-tetramethylbenzenesulfonamide, N -(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzenesulfonamide, N -(3,5-dimethylphenyl)-3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)-benzenesulfonamide, and N -(2-isopropyl-6-methylphenyl)-3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)-benzenesulfonamide.