mhurhangee/ep-ind-claims huggingface dataset:
A method of producing olefins, the method comprising: splitting a feed stream comprising primarily isobutane and n-butane, collectively, to form a first stream comprising primarily isobutane and a second stream comprising primarily n-butane; contacting the first stream with a catalyst under reaction conditions sufficient to cause cracking of at least some of the isobutane in the first stream to form one or more of: ethylene, propylene, benzene, toluene, and xylene; and subjecting the second stream to steam cracking at a temperature above 800 °C to form one or more of: ethylene, propylene, benzene, toluene, and xylene. splitting a feed stream comprising primarily isobutane and n-butane, collectively, to form a first stream comprising primarily isobutane and a second stream comprising primarily n-butane; contacting the first stream with a catalyst under reaction conditions sufficient to cause cracking of at least some of the isobutane in the first stream to form one or more of: ethylene, propylene, benzene, toluene, and xylene; and subjecting the second stream to steam cracking at a temperature above 800 °C to form one or more of: ethylene, propylene, benzene, toluene, and xylene.
An apparatus comprising: a first battery cell and a second battery cell; and an insulator disposed between the first battery cell and the second battery cell; the insulator comprising: an inorganic thermally-insulating material having a porous structure; and a binder disposed within the porous structure of the thermally-insulating material, the binder volatilizing at a volatilization temperature when the first or second battery cell undergoes a thermal event, wherein the insulator comprises at least 10 vol% of the binder, wherein a thermal conductivity of the insulator is less than 0.05 W/m•K at 25°C after volatilization of the binder after the thermal event, and wherein a thermal conductivity of the insulator is greater than 0.1 W/m•K at 25°C before volatilization of the binder before the thermal event. a first battery cell and a second battery cell; and an insulator disposed between the first battery cell and the second battery cell; the insulator comprising: an inorganic thermally-insulating material having a porous structure; and a binder disposed within the porous structure of the thermally-insulating material, the binder volatilizing at a volatilization temperature when the first or second battery cell undergoes a thermal event, wherein the insulator comprises at least 10 vol% of the binder, wherein a thermal conductivity of the insulator is less than 0.05 W/m•K at 25°C after volatilization of the binder after the thermal event, and wherein a thermal conductivity of the insulator is greater than 0.1 W/m•K at 25°C before volatilization of the binder before the thermal event. an inorganic thermally-insulating material having a porous structure; and a binder disposed within the porous structure of the thermally-insulating material, the binder volatilizing at a volatilization temperature when the first or second battery cell undergoes a thermal event, wherein the insulator comprises at least 10 vol% of the binder, wherein a thermal conductivity of the insulator is less than 0.05 W/m•K at 25°C after volatilization of the binder after the thermal event, and wherein a thermal conductivity of the insulator is greater than 0.1 W/m•K at 25°C before volatilization of the binder before the thermal event.
A bend restrictor segment for defining a minimum radius of curvature of a portion of an elongate member, comprising: a first body portion; a further body portion; wherein the first and further body portions (502, 504) are connectable to form an annular body, wherein each of the first body portion and further body portion further comprises a neck portion (506, 507) extending therefrom, wherein each of the first and further body portions (502, 504) are configured to be located over a neck portion of a further bend restrictor segment to connect the bend restrictor segments together in series, wherein the first body portion further comprises a fixing assembly on an outer circumferential edge of the first body portion, for connecting the first and further body portions (502, 504) together, the fixing assembly being integrally connected with the first body portion, characterised in that the fixing assembly comprises a bolt rotatably connected at a first end region to the outer circumferential edge of the first body portion, and wherein the first end region of the bolt extends through a through-hole in a first bar, wherein the first bar is rotatable within a cavity formed in the outer circumferential edge. a first body portion; a further body portion; wherein the first and further body portions (502, 504) are connectable to form an annular body, wherein each of the first body portion and further body portion further comprises a neck portion (506, 507) extending therefrom, wherein each of the first and further body portions (502, 504) are configured to be located over a neck portion of a further bend restrictor segment to connect the bend restrictor segments together in series, wherein the first body portion further comprises a fixing assembly on an outer circumferential edge of the first body portion, for connecting the first and further body portions (502, 504) together, the fixing assembly being integrally connected with the first body portion, characterised in that the fixing assembly comprises a bolt rotatably connected at a first end region to the outer circumferential edge of the first body portion, and wherein the first end region of the bolt extends through a through-hole in a first bar, wherein the first bar is rotatable within a cavity formed in the outer circumferential edge.
A method for producing a security feature on a portable data carrier, wherein the security feature has a three-dimensional visual effect upon viewing, wherein first at least one first dye is printed on at least one outermost film (6, 8) of the data carrier to be produced, wherein, by subsequently laminating the outermost film (6, 8) with at least one further film to produce the data carrier, the first dye is vaporized and penetrates into the data carrier and therefore forms the security feature having a three-dimensional optical effect, characterized in that the first dye is mixed with at least one second dye, wherein the second dye does not penetrate into the data carrier, wherein after the lamination the second dye remains on the surface of the data carrier and thereby forms a contrast to the first dye which penetrates into the data carrier. wherein the security feature has a three-dimensional visual effect upon viewing, wherein first at least one first dye is printed on at least one outermost film (6, 8) of the data carrier to be produced, wherein, by subsequently laminating the outermost film (6, 8) with at least one further film to produce the data carrier, the first dye is vaporized and penetrates into the data carrier and therefore forms the security feature having a three-dimensional optical effect, characterized in that the first dye is mixed with at least one second dye, wherein the second dye does not penetrate into the data carrier, wherein after the lamination the second dye remains on the surface of the data carrier and thereby forms a contrast to the first dye which penetrates into the data carrier.
A control device, for a power supply circuit configured to control output voltage using a switching element; the control device comprising: a generation unit configured to generate a reference signal; a pulse width modulation unit configured to generate a pulse width modulation signal that is output to the switching element by comparing the reference signal with a carrier signal; and a switching unit configured to switch a frequency of the carrier signal by changing, on a basis of the load current, the amplitude of the carrier signal without changing the slope; characterized in that: the generation unit is configured to generate the reference signal on a basis of the output voltage from the power supply circuit, and in addition on a basis of the frequency of the carrier signal, such that a duty ratio of the pulse width modulation signal is not changed by switching the frequency of the carrier signal. the control device comprising: a generation unit configured to generate a reference signal; a pulse width modulation unit configured to generate a pulse width modulation signal that is output to the switching element by comparing the reference signal with a carrier signal; and a switching unit configured to switch a frequency of the carrier signal by changing, on a basis of the load current, the amplitude of the carrier signal without changing the slope; a generation unit configured to generate a reference signal; a pulse width modulation unit configured to generate a pulse width modulation signal that is output to the switching element by comparing the reference signal with a carrier signal; and a switching unit configured to switch a frequency of the carrier signal by changing, on a basis of the load current, the amplitude of the carrier signal without changing the slope; characterized in that: the generation unit is configured to generate the reference signal on a basis of the output voltage from the power supply circuit, and in addition on a basis of the frequency of the carrier signal, such that a duty ratio of the pulse width modulation signal is not changed by switching the frequency of the carrier signal.
An information processing equipment capable of being connected to a storage (50-1,..., 50-m, 60-1,..., 60-p) comprising: a division processing section configured to divide original data into a plurality of sets of divided data; at least one storage section configured to store the divided data; and a storage location selection section configured to select either the storage or any of the at least one storage section as a storage location for each of the plurality of sets of divided data and to store each of the plurality of sets of divided data into the selected storage location, characterized in that the division processing section is configured to determine a division ratio of divided data according to a data reading rate (S(t)) and/or a data writing rate (U(t)) of the storage location selected by the storage location selection section, so that more divided data is stored in a storage location in comparison to another storage location having a smaller data reading rate and/or data writing rate. a division processing section configured to divide original data into a plurality of sets of divided data; at least one storage section configured to store the divided data; and a storage location selection section configured to select either the storage or any of the at least one storage section as a storage location for each of the plurality of sets of divided data and to store each of the plurality of sets of divided data into the selected storage location, characterized in that the division processing section is configured to determine a division ratio of divided data according to a data reading rate (S(t)) and/or a data writing rate (U(t)) of the storage location selected by the storage location selection section, so that more divided data is stored in a storage location in comparison to another storage location having a smaller data reading rate and/or data writing rate.
Method for using a plurality of elementary electrochemical components incorporated in an electronic circuit, said components comprising three layers, formed from the same three materials and having the same thickness, said three layers comprising respectively a first electrode, a second electrode, and an active area between said first and second electrodes, said components able to be used for information storage or for energy storage, said method comprising: - a step in which at least one component is used for information storage via the formation and the dissolution of a conductive path between said first and second electrodes in order to switch said component from a low resistance state to a high resistance state, and reciprocally, by respectively applying a first and a second external voltage to said component; the method being characterized in that it comprises: - a step in which at least one other component is used for energy storage via the injection of ions coming from the first electrode and without forming a conductive path, in the active area in order to switch the component from a first high resistance state, associated with a first value of electromotive force, to a second high resistance state, associated with a second value of electromotive force, and reciprocally, by respectively applying a third external voltage different from the first external voltage and/or a first current and a fourth external voltage to said component and/or a second current. - a step in which at least one component is used for information storage via the formation and the dissolution of a conductive path between said first and second electrodes in order to switch said component from a low resistance state to a high resistance state, and reciprocally, by respectively applying a first and a second external voltage to said component; - a step in which at least one other component is used for energy storage via the injection of ions coming from the first electrode and without forming a conductive path, in the active area in order to switch the component from a first high resistance state, associated with a first value of electromotive force, to a second high resistance state, associated with a second value of electromotive force, and reciprocally, by respectively applying a third external voltage different from the first external voltage and/or a first current and a fourth external voltage to said component and/or a second current.
A method for preparing graphene using a peeling device of sheet material comprising: an inlet into which sheet material is supplied; a high pressure pump that is positioned at the front end of the inlet, and generates a pressure for pressurizing the sheet material; a microchannel positioned at the back end of the inlet, through which the sheet material passes by the pressure generated by the high pressure pump, whereby the sheet material is homogenized; and an outlet positioned at the back end of the microchannel, wherein the minimum distance (y, unit m) between the back end of the microchannel and the outlet wall surface where the sheet material discharged from the back end of the microchannel collides, and the speed (x, unit m/s) of the sheet material at the back end of the microchannel satisfy the following Equation 1: y ≥ 2.7 × 10 − 5 x − 4.2 × 10 − 5, said method comprising the steps of: 1) supplying a solution comprising graphite to the inlet; 2) putting pressure on the inlet with a high pressure pump to pass the solution comprising graphite through the microchannel; and 3) recovering a graphene dispersion from the outlet. an inlet into which sheet material is supplied; a high pressure pump that is positioned at the front end of the inlet, and generates a pressure for pressurizing the sheet material; a microchannel positioned at the back end of the inlet, through which the sheet material passes by the pressure generated by the high pressure pump, whereby the sheet material is homogenized; and an outlet positioned at the back end of the microchannel, wherein the minimum distance (y, unit m) between the back end of the microchannel and the outlet wall surface where the sheet material discharged from the back end of the microchannel collides, and the speed (x, unit m/s) of the sheet material at the back end of the microchannel satisfy the following Equation 1: y ≥ 2.7 × 10 − 5 x − 4.2 × 10 − 5, said method comprising the steps of: 1) supplying a solution comprising graphite to the inlet; 2) putting pressure on the inlet with a high pressure pump to pass the solution comprising graphite through the microchannel; and 3) recovering a graphene dispersion from the outlet. 1) supplying a solution comprising graphite to the inlet; 2) putting pressure on the inlet with a high pressure pump to pass the solution comprising graphite through the microchannel; and 3) recovering a graphene dispersion from the outlet.
A seal assembly comprising a seal ring, a rigid support ring supporting a rear portion of the seal ring to reduce material extruding into a radial gap, and a backup ring; the rigid support ring comprises a concave interface feature and the seal ring comprises matching a convex surface on an outer face feature to accept one another and in direct contact with one another; characterised in that a support foot is provided on the backup ring to support a recessed section on an outer face feature of the rigid support ring.
A multilayered structure suitable as an electrode in a power source, comprising - a conductive laminar layer; - a laminar enzyme layer containing an essentially dry enzyme capable of oxidizing or dehydrogenating carbohydrate material under suitable conditions; - a laminar fuel layer containing a source of chemical energy comprising an essentially dry carbohydrate material, and - a laminar intermediate layer which is capable of being wetted for transferring moisture or water to said enzyme layer, said intermediate layer being porous, characterized in that said laminar intermediate layer is placed between said fuel layer and said enzyme layer. - a conductive laminar layer; - a laminar enzyme layer containing an essentially dry enzyme capable of oxidizing or dehydrogenating carbohydrate material under suitable conditions; - a laminar fuel layer containing a source of chemical energy comprising an essentially dry carbohydrate material, and - a laminar intermediate layer which is capable of being wetted for transferring moisture or water to said enzyme layer, said intermediate layer being porous, characterized in that said laminar intermediate layer is placed between said fuel layer and said enzyme layer.
An aerosol-generating article comprising: a first tubular aerosol-forming substrate layer defining a cylindrical hollow central core; and a second tubular aerosol-forming substrate layer arranged around the first tubular aerosol-forming substrate layer, wherein the first tubular aerosol-forming substrate layer is a gel layer. a first tubular aerosol-forming substrate layer defining a cylindrical hollow central core; and a second tubular aerosol-forming substrate layer arranged around the first tubular aerosol-forming substrate layer, wherein the first tubular aerosol-forming substrate layer is a gel layer.
A method of making stable functionalized nanoparticles in a single mechanochemical step, comprising: providing a first material, wherein the first material is a semiconductor selected from the group consisting of: silicon, germanium, doped silicon, doped germanium, alloys of Si and Ge, and binary silicon compounds including silicon carbide and silicon nitride; providing a reactive medium, wherein the reactive medium is liquid or gaseous and is selected from the group consisting of: alcohols, aldehydes, alkynes, alkenes, amines, carboxylic acids, nucleic acids, and solutions of peptides and proteins, azides, ketones, epoxides, amides, esters, amino acids, organic halides, thiols, and carbohydrates; repeatedly mechanically impacting the first material in the presence of the reactive medium by high energy ball milling under inert atmosphere, wherein the first material reacts with the reactive medium forming covalent linkages between the first material and the reactive medium and making the functionalized nanoparticles. providing a first material, wherein the first material is a semiconductor selected from the group consisting of: silicon, germanium, doped silicon, doped germanium, alloys of Si and Ge, and binary silicon compounds including silicon carbide and silicon nitride; providing a reactive medium, wherein the reactive medium is liquid or gaseous and is selected from the group consisting of: alcohols, aldehydes, alkynes, alkenes, amines, carboxylic acids, nucleic acids, and solutions of peptides and proteins, azides, ketones, epoxides, amides, esters, amino acids, organic halides, thiols, and carbohydrates; repeatedly mechanically impacting the first material in the presence of the reactive medium by high energy ball milling under inert atmosphere, wherein the first material reacts with the reactive medium forming covalent linkages between the first material and the reactive medium and making the functionalized nanoparticles.
An annular barrier to be expanded in an annulus which comprises well fluid and is arranged between a well tubular structure and an inside wall of a borehole downhole, the annular barrier comprising: - a tubular part for mounting as part of the well tubular structure, the tubular part having a longitudinal axis, - an expandable sleeve surrounding the tubular part and having an outer face, each end (9, 10) of the expandable sleeve being fastened to the tubular part by means of a connection part, - an aperture in the tubular part or the connection part, and - a safety sleeve having a first connection and a second connection for fastening the safety sleeve on the outer face of the expandable sleeve and an opening in connection with the safety sleeve, the safety sleeve and the expandable sleeve defining a space which is in fluid communication with the annulus through the opening, characterised in that the safety sleeve has a middle part arranged between the two connections and that a sealing element is arranged at the middle part on an outer face of the safety sleeve, and in that the opening is arranged closer to one of the connections than the middle part, enabling fluid communication between the space and the annulus opposite one of the connections through the opening. - a tubular part for mounting as part of the well tubular structure, the tubular part having a longitudinal axis, - an expandable sleeve surrounding the tubular part and having an outer face, each end (9, 10) of the expandable sleeve being fastened to the tubular part by means of a connection part, - an aperture in the tubular part or the connection part, and - a safety sleeve having a first connection and a second connection for fastening the safety sleeve on the outer face of the expandable sleeve and an opening in connection with the safety sleeve, the safety sleeve and the expandable sleeve defining a space which is in fluid communication with the annulus through the opening,
Heat exchanger comprising: - a tube bundle; - a header tank connected to the tubes; - at least one header plate which closes the header tank and into which the tubes open out; - a fin bundle; and - reinforcing means for at least one of the tubes, the reinforcing means are connected to an outside surface of at least one of the tubes, in an area which is devoid of fins and extends between the header plate and an envelope surface of the fin bundle, characterized in that the reinforcing means comprise at least one reinforcing element in the shape of a "U" which comprises one recess and two arms, the reinforcing element overlapping a tube which has an overall shape which complements the reinforcing element, and wherein the tubes comprise two large sides and two small sides, the arms of the reinforcing element are parallel to one another and the recess of the U bears against a small side of a tube. - a tube bundle; - a header tank connected to the tubes; - at least one header plate which closes the header tank and into which the tubes open out; - a fin bundle; and - reinforcing means for at least one of the tubes,