A virtual anchor point-based wireless positioning method, comprising: when an effective positioning condition is met, acquiring positioning data through satellite positioning and and storing the positioning data, simultaneously performing multipath analysis and tracking on received wireless signals transmitted by a signal transmission station, calculating and storing propagation distance information of each path of the signal transmission station, and calculating and storing virtual image position information of each path of the signal transmission station according to the positioning data and the propagation distance information of each path of the signal transmission station, wherein the effective positioning condition is met is that the number of found satellites is more than or equal to four; and when the effective positioning condition is not met, selecting at least one virtual image from virtual images of multiple paths of the signal transmission station as at least one positioning virtual anchor point, and obtaining current position information according to the found satellites and the at least one positioning virtual anchor point, wherein the effective positioning condition is not met is that the number of the found satellites is smaller than four; wherein calculating the virtual image position information of each path of the signal transmission station according to the positioning data and the propagation distance information of each path of the signal transmission station comprises: selecting, from storage records of the positioning data, at least three pieces of positioning data of which effective position differences are greater than a first preset threshold; extracting the corresponding path propagation distance information from storage records of the path propagation distances according to time indexes of the positioning data; and calculating a virtual image position of each path of the signal transmission station according to the positioning data and the path propagation distances. when an effective positioning condition is met, acquiring positioning data through satellite positioning and and storing the positioning data, simultaneously performing multipath analysis and tracking on received wireless signals transmitted by a signal transmission station, calculating and storing propagation distance information of each path of the signal transmission station, and calculating and storing virtual image position information of each path of the signal transmission station according to the positioning data and the propagation distance information of each path of the signal transmission station, wherein the effective positioning condition is met is that the number of found satellites is more than or equal to four; and when the effective positioning condition is not met, selecting at least one virtual image from virtual images of multiple paths of the signal transmission station as at least one positioning virtual anchor point, and obtaining current position information according to the found satellites and the at least one positioning virtual anchor point, wherein the effective positioning condition is not met is that the number of the found satellites is smaller than four; wherein calculating the virtual image position information of each path of the signal transmission station according to the positioning data and the propagation distance information of each path of the signal transmission station comprises: selecting, from storage records of the positioning data, at least three pieces of positioning data of which effective position differences are greater than a first preset threshold; extracting the corresponding path propagation distance information from storage records of the path propagation distances according to time indexes of the positioning data; and calculating a virtual image position of each path of the signal transmission station according to the positioning data and the path propagation distances.