A system for identification of a musical note played by a musical wind instrument with a resonant chamber having a plurality of configurations selectable by a player of the musical wind instrument and an electrically conductive surface in the resonant chamber, the system comprising: a stimulation signal generator (20, 21, 23, 40) for generating a stimulation signal; antenna means mountable on the musical instrument for broadcasting the stimulation signal as an electromagnetic signal within the resonant chamber and for receiving a reflected electromagnetic signal from the resonant chamber; and an electronic processing unit for processing the reflected electromagnetic signal and determining therefrom a configuration of the resonant chamber selected by the player and indicative of a musical note that is or would be output by the instrument when played at the time of the received reflected signal; characterised in that the system is operable in a training mode in which the stimulation signal is broadcast by the antenna means as an electromagnetic signal separately for each different fingering configuration of the musical wind instrument, each different fingering configuration being associated with a different musical note played by the musical wind instrument, and the received reflected electromagnetic signals, or signals derived therefrom by the electronic processing unit, are separately stored in a memory of the electronic processing unit; and the system is operable in a musical note recognition mode in which the electronic processing unit compares the reflected electromagnetic signals received thereby, or signals derived therefrom by the electronic processing unit, with the signals stored in the memory of the electronic processing unit and determines a best match with the stored signals and from the best match determines the musical note that is or would be output by the musical wind instrument when played at the time of the received reflected signal. a stimulation signal generator (20, 21, 23, 40) for generating a stimulation signal; antenna means mountable on the musical instrument for broadcasting the stimulation signal as an electromagnetic signal within the resonant chamber and for receiving a reflected electromagnetic signal from the resonant chamber; and an electronic processing unit for processing the reflected electromagnetic signal and determining therefrom a configuration of the resonant chamber selected by the player and indicative of a musical note that is or would be output by the instrument when played at the time of the received reflected signal; characterised in that the system is operable in a training mode in which the stimulation signal is broadcast by the antenna means as an electromagnetic signal separately for each different fingering configuration of the musical wind instrument, each different fingering configuration being associated with a different musical note played by the musical wind instrument, and the received reflected electromagnetic signals, or signals derived therefrom by the electronic processing unit, are separately stored in a memory of the electronic processing unit; and the system is operable in a musical note recognition mode in which the electronic processing unit compares the reflected electromagnetic signals received thereby, or signals derived therefrom by the electronic processing unit, with the signals stored in the memory of the electronic processing unit and determines a best match with the stored signals and from the best match determines the musical note that is or would be output by the musical wind instrument when played at the time of the received reflected signal.