mhurhangee/ep-ind-claims huggingface dataset:
A method for detecting an arc in a direct-current, DC, circuit comprising a DC load, a DC source supplying the DC load, and a circuit arrangement arranged between the DC source and the DC load, - wherein the circuit arrangement comprises an input comprising two input terminals (7.1, 7.2) for connecting the DC source, an output comprising two output terminals (8.1, 8.2) for connecting the DC load, and a switching unit arranged between the input and the output and comprises an input capacitance between the input terminals (7.1, 7.2) at the input, - wherein the switching unit is configured to enable a power flow P between the DC source and the output in a first operating mode and to suppress the power flow between the DC source and the output in a second operating mode, comprising the method steps of: - cyclical interruption of the power flow P between the input and the output by means of the switching unit such that the power flow P is enabled in an active time window with the first period Δt 1 and the power flow P is suppressed in an inactive time window with the second period Δt 2, - detection of an input current I ein flowing at the input and/or an input voltage U ein applied to the input, - comparison of values of the input current I ein and/or input voltage U ein detected in the inactive time window with a current threshold value I TH or a voltage threshold value U TH, and signaling of an arc presence criterion if the input current I ein detected in the inactive time window falls below the current threshold value I TH and/or the input voltage U ein detected in the inactive time window does not exceed the voltage threshold value U TH. - wherein the circuit arrangement comprises an input comprising two input terminals (7.1, 7.2) for connecting the DC source, an output comprising two output terminals (8.1, 8.2) for connecting the DC load, and a switching unit arranged between the input and the output and comprises an input capacitance between the input terminals (7.1, 7.2) at the input, - wherein the switching unit is configured to enable a power flow P between the DC source and the output in a first operating mode and to suppress the power flow between the DC source and the output in a second operating mode, - cyclical interruption of the power flow P between the input and the output by means of the switching unit such that the power flow P is enabled in an active time window with the first period Δt 1 and the power flow P is suppressed in an inactive time window with the second period Δt 2, - detection of an input current I ein flowing at the input and/or an input voltage U ein applied to the input, - comparison of values of the input current I ein and/or input voltage U ein detected in the inactive time window with a current threshold value I TH or a voltage threshold value U TH, and
A process for producing fatty acid alkyl esters from fats/oils and a C1 to C5 lower alcohol as reaction starting materials with a solid acid catalyst, wherein the starting materials and reaction products in a reaction system where the degree of conversion of fats/oils is 80 mol% or more are reacted in such a state as to be in one-liquid phase, wherein the molar ratio of the lower alcohol to the fats/oils is from 7 to 150, and wherein the reaction pressure is higher than the vapor pressure of the lower alcohol at the reaction temperature, and wherein the reaction temperature is 100 to 220°C. wherein the molar ratio of the lower alcohol to the fats/oils is from 7 to 150, and wherein the reaction pressure is higher than the vapor pressure of the lower alcohol at the reaction temperature, and wherein the reaction temperature is 100 to 220°C.
A through wellhead downhole signalling system for electrical signalling the system comprising a well installation having metallic structure and being arranged between a first, downhole, location and a second location which is remote from the first location and is outside the well borehole beyond a wellhead of the well installation, the system further comprising: a first unit provided at the first location, a second unit provided at the second location which second unit is electrically connected to the wellhead and arranged to at least one of apply signals to and receive signals from the metallic structure via the wellhead, a first magnetic material toroid provided around downhole metallic tubing of the metallic structure and located at a third location which is in the well borehole in the region of the wellhead and between and spaced from the first location and the second location, and a winding wound around the magnetic material toroid, wherein the winding is connected to a cable which runs alongside the metallic tubing for at least 100m away from the toroid and towards the first unit; and the first unit is arranged to at least one of apply signals to and receive signals from the metallic tubing via the cable and the magnetic material toroid, to allow signalling between the first and second units. a first unit provided at the first location, a second unit provided at the second location which second unit is electrically connected to the wellhead and arranged to at least one of apply signals to and receive signals from the metallic structure via the wellhead, a first magnetic material toroid provided around downhole metallic tubing of the metallic structure and located at a third location which is in the well borehole in the region of the wellhead and between and spaced from the first location and the second location, and a winding wound around the magnetic material toroid, wherein the winding is connected to a cable which runs alongside the metallic tubing for at least 100m away from the toroid and towards the first unit; and the first unit is arranged to at least one of apply signals to and receive signals from the metallic tubing via the cable and the magnetic material toroid, to allow signalling between the first and second units.
A method of operating an apparatus (100; 1000) for transmitting and/or receiving radio frequency, RF, signals, said apparatus (100; 1100) comprising an antenna system (110; 110') configured to selectively provide a plurality of different radiation patterns (RP1, RP2), wherein said method comprises: providing radiation pattern information characterizing at least one of a) a central beam steering angle (α_m) associated with at least some of said different radiation patterns (RP1, RP2), b) an angular interference suppression range (π_k_n) characterizing an angular range of interference suppression associated with at least some of said different radiation patterns (RP1, RP2), said method further comprising: at least temporarily using said radiation pattern information for transmitting and/or receiving said RF signals, characterized by the method further comprising: mapping said angular interference suppression range (π_k_n) to a codebook level of a hierarchical codebook for performing beamforming, to select a specific radiation pattern from said plurality of different radiation patterns (RP1, RP2), wherein the angular range of said interference suppression range (π_k_n) is reduced as the codebook hierarchy level increases.
An architecture for estimating a speedup of execution of a unit of work running on a computing device, wherein the architecture comprises: - a computing unit for determining from a total execution time for executing the unit of work on the computing device at arbitrary frequency a pipelined fraction of the total execution time that changes when changing the computing device clock frequency and a non-pipelined fraction that does not change when changing the computing device clock frequency due to off-chip memory accesses, the architecture being characterized in that it further comprises: - a decision unit for estimating the speedup of execution of the unit of work by dividing the execution time for running the unit of work on the computing device at the arbitrary frequency by an estimated execution time for running the unit of work on the computing device at a scaled frequency, wherein the decision unit is configured for estimating the execution time at the scaled frequency from the determined non-pipelined fraction, and from the determined pipelined fraction taking into account that the pipelined fraction scales proportionally with the clock frequency and - means for, based on the estimated speedup, scaling up the computing device clock frequency to the scaled frequency if the speedup value is larger than a given upper threshold or for scaling down the computing device clock frequency to the scaled frequency if the speedup value is not lower than a given bottom threshold. - a computing unit for determining from a total execution time for executing the unit of work on the computing device at arbitrary frequency a pipelined fraction of the total execution time that changes when changing the computing device clock frequency and a non-pipelined fraction that does not change when changing the computing device clock frequency due to off-chip memory accesses, - a decision unit for estimating the speedup of execution of the unit of work by dividing the execution time for running the unit of work on the computing device at the arbitrary frequency by an estimated execution time for running the unit of work on the computing device at a scaled frequency, wherein the decision unit is configured for estimating the execution time at the scaled frequency from the determined non-pipelined fraction, and from the determined pipelined fraction taking into account that the pipelined fraction scales proportionally with the clock frequency and - means for, based on the estimated speedup, scaling up the computing device clock frequency to the scaled frequency if the speedup value is larger than a given upper threshold or for scaling down the computing device clock frequency to the scaled frequency if the speedup value is not lower than a given bottom threshold.
An electric equipment arranged on the roof of an electric traction railway vehicle, comprising at least one alternating current supply source, said source being connected to at least one alternating current feeder, also connected to at least one high-voltage equipment intended to be supplied with alternating current, an alternating circuit-breaker being provided on the feeder so as to isolate the high-voltage equipment from the supply source when said circuit-breaker is open, the electric equipment comprising a grounding breaker movable between an open position in which said breaker is not connected to the feeder, and a closed position, in which the breaker is connected to the feeder at an upstream point positioned between the outlet of the supply source and the inlet of the circuit-breaker and at a downstream point positioned between the outlet of the circuit-breaker and the high-voltage equipment, the electric equipment further comprising a breaker device, positioned on the feeder, said breaker device being movable between a closed position, in which the current can flow on the feeder, and an open position, in which the connection between the supply source and the circuit-breaker or between the circuit-breaker and the high-voltage equipment is interrupted, characterized in that the breaker device is provided between the upstream point and the inlet of the circuit-breaker or between the outlet of the circuit-breaker and the downstream point.
A method of identification or of authorization using a system comprising at least one sensor for acquiring biometric data and one secure module storing a set of digital data (c 1,...,c N) obtained starting from a set of respective biometric data (b 1,...,b N) by means of a digitizing algorithm (Φ), said biometric data (b 1,...,b N) being relative to respective individuals, in which at least some of the biometric data values from said set of biometric data (b 1,...,b N) are stored in an encoded manner in a memory external to the secure module, and in which the secure module is configured for decoding the encoded biometric data, the method comprising the following steps: /a/ obtain a biometric data value (b') acquired by the sensor; /b/ obtain a digital value (c') by application of the digitization algorithm to the biometric data acquired; characterized in that the method comprises the following steps: /c/ within the secure module, carry out a proximity test of the digital value with at least some digital data of said set of digital data and establish a ranking of some at least of the digital data according to their proximity to the digital value obtained according to a proximity criterion; and /d/ obtain a biometric data value (b i1) from said set of biometric data by taking into account a position of the corresponding digital data within the ranking; and /e/ verify a correspondence between the biometric data (b i1) obtained from said set of biometric data (b 1,...,b N) and the biometric data (b') acquired by the sensor. /a/ obtain a biometric data value (b') acquired by the sensor; /b/ obtain a digital value (c') by application of the digitization algorithm to the biometric data acquired; /c/ within the secure module, carry out a proximity test of the digital value with at least some digital data of said set of digital data and establish a ranking of some at least of the digital data according to their proximity to the digital value obtained according to a proximity criterion; and /d/ obtain a biometric data value (b i1) from said set of biometric data by taking into account a position of the corresponding digital data within the ranking; and /e/ verify a correspondence between the biometric data (b i1) obtained from said set of biometric data (b 1,...,b N) and the biometric data (b') acquired by the sensor.
A method of engineering a metal substrate surface, comprising: combining an oxidizer and a combustible gas to form a gas mixture, wherein the combustible gas comprises natural gas, methane, propane, butane, or a combination thereof; igniting the gas mixture to form a premixed laminar flame; feeding a chemical precursor and a chemical additive into the premixed laminar flame to form a surface engineering flame, wherein the chemical precursor comprises a silicon-containing compound; directing the surface engineering flame onto the metal substrate surface, wherein a thin film is deposited onto the metal substrate surface, wherein the thin film is a dense amorphous silicate thin film in contact with greater than 80% of the surface or the surface engineered metal substrate, wherein the surface engineered metal substrate is a 1xxx series aluminum alloy, a 2xxx series aluminum alloy, a 3xxx series aluminum alloy, a 4xxx series aluminum alloy, a 5xxx series aluminum alloy, a 6xxx series aluminum alloy, 7xxx series aluminum alloy, or an 8xxx series aluminum alloy, wherein the aluminum alloy is provided in an F temper, and wherein the oxidizer and the combustible gas are present in the gas mixture in a molar ratio of from 1:1 to 10:1. combining an oxidizer and a combustible gas to form a gas mixture, wherein the combustible gas comprises natural gas, methane, propane, butane, or a combination thereof; igniting the gas mixture to form a premixed laminar flame; feeding a chemical precursor and a chemical additive into the premixed laminar flame to form a surface engineering flame, wherein the chemical precursor comprises a silicon-containing compound; directing the surface engineering flame onto the metal substrate surface, wherein a thin film is deposited onto the metal substrate surface, wherein the thin film is a dense amorphous silicate thin film in contact with greater than 80% of the surface or the surface engineered metal substrate, wherein the surface engineered metal substrate is a 1xxx series aluminum alloy, a 2xxx series aluminum alloy, a 3xxx series aluminum alloy, a 4xxx series aluminum alloy, a 5xxx series aluminum alloy, a 6xxx series aluminum alloy, 7xxx series aluminum alloy, or an 8xxx series aluminum alloy, wherein the aluminum alloy is provided in an F temper, and wherein the oxidizer and the combustible gas are present in the gas mixture in a molar ratio of from 1:1 to 10:1.
Filter device with at least one module pack that comprises a plurality of modules, in particular three modules, for crossflow filtration, which have a first unfiltered material connection at a first end of the module and a second unfiltered material connection on the opposite side of the module, as well as at least one filtrate outlet, characterised by a valve arrangement that is designed such that unfiltered material can optionally flow through the individual modules, either from the first or the second unfiltered material connection (6, 7).
A dispersion for producing a resin impregnated paper comprising the following components in weight percent: 30 to 75 % water; 10 to 65 % of corundum particles having a grain size of F400 to F2000; 0.05 to 5 % anionic dispersing agent; 0.05 to 5 % sodium polyacrylate; 0.1 to 5 % nonionic tensides; 0.01 to 2 % thickening agent. 30 to 75 % water; 10 to 65 % of corundum particles having a grain size of F400 to F2000; 0.05 to 5 % anionic dispersing agent; 0.05 to 5 % sodium polyacrylate; 0.1 to 5 % nonionic tensides; 0.01 to 2 % thickening agent.
Use of a lubricant composition comprising: - at least one base oil; - at least one fatty amine selected from a mixture of fatty polyalkylamines comprising one or more polyalkylamines of formula and one or more polyalkylamines of formula: where: • R, the same or different, is a linear or branched alkyl group having 8 to 22 carbon atoms; • n and z are each independently 0, 1, 2 or 3; and • when z is higher than 0, o and p are each independently 0, 1, 2 or 3, said mixture comprising at least 3 weight % of branched compounds such that at least one of n or z is 1 or higher, or the derivatives thereof; - at least one detergent, the amine/detergent weight ratio being between 0.01 and 1, preferably between 0.01 and 0.9, more preferably between 0.02 and 0.8 for example between 0.03 and 0.8, to: - reduce and/or control abnormal gas combustion in a marine engine, preferably to reduce and/or control abnormal combustion of gas in a pure gas or dual fuel marine engine, two-stroke or four-stroke; and/or - reduce and/or control abnormal gas combustion in a marine engine caused by autoignition of the lubricant composition. - at least one base oil; - at least one fatty amine selected from a mixture of fatty polyalkylamines comprising one or more polyalkylamines of formula and one or more polyalkylamines of formula: where: • R, the same or different, is a linear or branched alkyl group having 8 to 22 carbon atoms; • n and z are each independently 0, 1, 2 or 3; and • when z is higher than 0, o and p are each independently 0, 1, 2 or 3, said mixture comprising at least 3 weight % of branched compounds such that at least one of n or z is 1 or higher, or the derivatives thereof; • R, the same or different, is a linear or branched alkyl group having 8 to 22 carbon atoms; • n and z are each independently 0, 1, 2 or 3; and • when z is higher than 0, o and p are each independently 0, 1, 2 or 3, said mixture comprising at least 3 weight % of branched compounds such that at least one of n or z is 1 or higher, or the derivatives thereof; - at least one detergent, - reduce and/or control abnormal gas combustion in a marine engine, preferably to reduce and/or control abnormal combustion of gas in a pure gas or dual fuel marine engine, two-stroke or four-stroke; and/or - reduce and/or control abnormal gas combustion in a marine engine caused by autoignition of the lubricant composition.
A component mounter comprising: a head provided with multiple component holding sections; a head moving device (20, 20a, 24, 24a) configured to move the head; a component supply device configured to supply components provided with a connection terminal on a lower side of the component to the component holding section; an imaging device configured to image the component held by the component holding section; a transfer device configured to provide a coating layer of a paste that is to be transferred to the connection terminal of the component; and a control device configured to control the head, the head moving device (20, 20a, 24, 24a), the component supply device, the imaging device, and the transfer device based on a first operation mode, wherein in the first operation mode, the control device is configured to perform control to, after the components supplied by the component supply device have been sequentially picked up by the multiple component holding sections of the head, cause the imaging device to image the components held by the multiple component holding sections, recognize the position and/or orientation of each of the components based on the images of each component, characterized in that: the control device is configured to control the head and the head moving device (20, 20a, 24, 24a) based on the position and/or orientation of each of the components such that the coating layer is transferred to the connection terminals of each of the components in a transfer area set in the coating layer of each of the components set in advance by the control device so that the transfer area does not include a margin (M1, M2, M3, M4) based on the holding deviation of each of the components, and then each of the components is mounted on a board. a head provided with multiple component holding sections; a head moving device (20, 20a, 24, 24a) configured to move the head; a component supply device configured to supply components provided with a connection terminal on a lower side of the component to the component holding section; an imaging device configured to image the component held by the component holding section; a transfer device configured to provide a coating layer of a paste that is to be transferred to the connection terminal of the component; and a control device configured to control the head, the head moving device (20, 20a, 24, 24a), the component supply device, the imaging device, and the transfer device based on a first operation mode, wherein in the first operation mode, the control device is configured to perform control to, after the components supplied by the component supply device have been sequentially picked up by the multiple component holding sections of the head, cause the imaging device to image the components held by the multiple component holding sections, recognize the position and/or orientation of each of the components based on the images of each component,