A method for determining an indicator used in assessing a likelihood of a subject presenting to emergency having an absence of bacterial associated systemic inflammatory response syndrome (BaSIRS), the method comprising: determining biomarker values that are measured or derived for at least two corresponding rule out BaSIRS biomarkers in a sample taken from the subject and that are at least partially indicative of the levels of the RO BaSIRS biomarkers in the sample, wherein the at least two RO BaSIRS biomarkers are expression products of DIAPH2 and a gene selected from the group consisting of: IL7R, ADAM19, ADD1, ADGRE1, AIF1, AKAP7, AKT1, AKTIP, ALDOA, AMD1, ARL2BP, ATG9A, ATP13A3, ATP6V0A1, ATP8B4, BRD7, BTG2, C21orf59, C6orf48, CCND2, CD44, CD59, CDC14A, CERK, CHPT1, CLEC4E, CLU, CNBP, COMMD4, COQ10B, COX5B, CPVL, CTDSP2, CTSA, CTSC, CTSH, CYBB, CYP20A1, DERA, DHX16, DLST, EIF4A2, EIF4E2, EMP3, ENO1, FBXO7, FCER1G, FGL2, FLVCR2, FTL, FURIN, FUT8, FXR1, GAPDH, GAS7, GBP2, GIMAP4, GLOD4, GNS, GRAP2, GSTO1, HEBP1, HIST1H2BM, HIST1H3C, HIST1H4L, HLA-DPA1, HMG20B, HMGN4, HOXB6, HSPA4, ID3, IFIT1, IFNGR2, IMP3, IMPDH1, INPP1, ISG20, ITGAX, ITGB1, KATNA1, KLF2, KLRF1, LAMP1, LFNG, LHFPL2, LILRB3, LTA4H, LTF, MAP4K2, MAPK14, MAPK8IP3, MCTP1, MEGF9, METTL9, MFSD10, MICAL1, MMP8, MNT, MRPS18B, MUT, MX1, MYL9, MYOM2, NAGK, NMI, NUPL2, OBFC1, OSBPL9, PAFAH2, PARL, PDCD5, PDGFC, PHB, PHF3, PLAC8, PLEKHG3, PLEKHM2, POLR2C, PPP1CA, PPP1CB, PPP1R11, PROS1, PRPF40A, PRRG4, PSMB4, PSTPIP2, PTPN2, PUS3, RAB11FIP1, RAB11FIP3, RAB9A, RANBP10, RASGRP2, RASGRP3, RASSF7, RDX, RNASE6, RNF34, RPA2, RPS6KB2, RPS8, S100A12, S100P, SASH3, SBF1, SDF2L1, SDHC, SERTAD2, SH3BGRL, SH3GLB2, SLAMF7, SLC11A2, SLC12A9, SLC25A37, SLC2A3, SLC39A8, SLC9A3R1, SNAPC1, SORT1, SSBP2, ST3GAL5, ST3GAL6, STK38, SYNE2, TAX1BP1, TIMP1, TINF2, TLR5, TMEM106C, TMEM80, TOB1, TPP2, TRAF3IP2, USP3, VAV1, WDR33, YPEL5, ZBTB17; and determining the indicator using the biomarker values, wherein at least one pair of RO BaSIRS biomarkers is used to determine the indicator, wherein one biomarker of the biomarker pair is an expression product of DIAPH2 and the other is an expression product of a gene selected from the group consisting of IL7R, CCND2, HLA-DPA1, PHF3, RAB9A, RNASE6, SERTAD2, ST3GAL6, STK38 and TLR5. determining biomarker values that are measured or derived for at least two corresponding rule out BaSIRS biomarkers in a sample taken from the subject and that are at least partially indicative of the levels of the RO BaSIRS biomarkers in the sample, wherein the at least two RO BaSIRS biomarkers are expression products of DIAPH2 and a gene selected from the group consisting of: IL7R, ADAM19, ADD1, ADGRE1, AIF1, AKAP7, AKT1, AKTIP, ALDOA, AMD1, ARL2BP, ATG9A, ATP13A3, ATP6V0A1, ATP8B4, BRD7, BTG2, C21orf59, C6orf48, CCND2, CD44, CD59, CDC14A, CERK, CHPT1, CLEC4E, CLU, CNBP, COMMD4, COQ10B, COX5B, CPVL, CTDSP2, CTSA, CTSC, CTSH, CYBB, CYP20A1, DERA, DHX16, DLST, EIF4A2, EIF4E2, EMP3, ENO1, FBXO7, FCER1G, FGL2, FLVCR2, FTL, FURIN, FUT8, FXR1, GAPDH, GAS7, GBP2, GIMAP4, GLOD4, GNS, GRAP2, GSTO1, HEBP1, HIST1H2BM, HIST1H3C, HIST1H4L, HLA-DPA1, HMG20B, HMGN4, HOXB6, HSPA4, ID3, IFIT1, IFNGR2, IMP3, IMPDH1, INPP1, ISG20, ITGAX, ITGB1, KATNA1, KLF2, KLRF1, LAMP1, LFNG, LHFPL2, LILRB3, LTA4H, LTF, MAP4K2, MAPK14, MAPK8IP3, MCTP1, MEGF9, METTL9, MFSD10, MICAL1, MMP8, MNT, MRPS18B, MUT, MX1, MYL9, MYOM2, NAGK, NMI, NUPL2, OBFC1, OSBPL9, PAFAH2, PARL, PDCD5, PDGFC, PHB, PHF3, PLAC8, PLEKHG3, PLEKHM2, POLR2C, PPP1CA, PPP1CB, PPP1R11, PROS1, PRPF40A, PRRG4, PSMB4, PSTPIP2, PTPN2, PUS3, RAB11FIP1, RAB11FIP3, RAB9A, RANBP10, RASGRP2, RASGRP3, RASSF7, RDX, RNASE6, RNF34, RPA2, RPS6KB2, RPS8, S100A12, S100P, SASH3, SBF1, SDF2L1, SDHC, SERTAD2, SH3BGRL, SH3GLB2, SLAMF7, SLC11A2, SLC12A9, SLC25A37, SLC2A3, SLC39A8, SLC9A3R1, SNAPC1, SORT1, SSBP2, ST3GAL5, ST3GAL6, STK38, SYNE2, TAX1BP1, TIMP1, TINF2, TLR5, TMEM106C, TMEM80, TOB1, TPP2, TRAF3IP2, USP3, VAV1, WDR33, YPEL5, ZBTB17; and determining the indicator using the biomarker values, wherein at least one pair of RO BaSIRS biomarkers is used to determine the indicator, wherein one biomarker of the biomarker pair is an expression product of DIAPH2 and the other is an expression product of a gene selected from the group consisting of IL7R, CCND2, HLA-DPA1, PHF3, RAB9A, RNASE6, SERTAD2, ST3GAL6, STK38 and TLR5.