A heavy duty pneumatic tire having a nominal aspect ratio of 65% or less, the heavy duty pneumatic tire comprising: a tread having a tread surface that comes into contact with a road surface; a pair of sidewalls connected to an end of the tread and located radially inward of the tread; a pair of beads being a first bead and a second bead that are located radially inward of the pair of sidewalls; a carcass located inward of the tread and the pair of sidewalls and extending between the first bead and the second bead; and a reinforcing layer located between the tread and the carcass, wherein the tread has at least three circumferential grooves, among the at least three circumferential grooves, a circumferential groove located on each outer side in an axial direction is a shoulder circumferential groove, the reinforcing layer includes a band including a spirally wound band cord, and a belt including a large number of belt cords aligned with each other, the band includes a full band, the end of the full band is located axially outward of the shoulder circumferential groove, the belt includes at least three belt plies aligned in the radial direction, the at least three belt plies include a first belt ply, a second belt ply located radially outward of the first belt ply, and a third belt ply located radially outward of the second belt ply, the third belt ply is located radially inward of the pair of edge bands, characterized in that the band further includes a pair of edge bands located radially outward of an end of the full band, a distance between a band cord included in each edge band at the outer end of the edge band and a band cord included in the full band or a third belt cord included in the third belt ply is not less than 2.2 mm and not greater than 4.0 mm, and a ratio of a tire thickness measured along a line normal to an outer surface of the carcass and passing through an end of the tread surface to a tire thickness measured along a line normal to the carcass and passing through an equator is not less than 1.2 and not greater than 2.0. a tread having a tread surface that comes into contact with a road surface; a pair of sidewalls connected to an end of the tread and located radially inward of the tread; a pair of beads being a first bead and a second bead that are located radially inward of the pair of sidewalls; a carcass located inward of the tread and the pair of sidewalls and extending between the first bead and the second bead; and a reinforcing layer located between the tread and the carcass, wherein the tread has at least three circumferential grooves, among the at least three circumferential grooves, a circumferential groove located on each outer side in an axial direction is a shoulder circumferential groove, the reinforcing layer includes a band including a spirally wound band cord, and a belt including a large number of belt cords aligned with each other, the band includes a full band, the end of the full band is located axially outward of the shoulder circumferential groove, the belt includes at least three belt plies aligned in the radial direction, the at least three belt plies include a first belt ply, a second belt ply located radially outward of the first belt ply, and a third belt ply located radially outward of the second belt ply, the third belt ply is located radially inward of the pair of edge bands, characterized in that the band further includes a pair of edge bands located radially outward of an end of the full band, a distance between a band cord included in each edge band at the outer end of the edge band and a band cord included in the full band or a third belt cord included in the third belt ply is not less than 2.2 mm and not greater than 4.0 mm, and a ratio of a tire thickness measured along a line normal to an outer surface of the carcass and passing through an end of the tread surface to a tire thickness measured along a line normal to the carcass and passing through an equator is not less than 1.2 and not greater than 2.0.