mhurhangee/ep-ind-claims huggingface dataset:
A method of forming a memory cell, the method comprising: forming a primal precursor structure (600, 700) comprising a non-magnetic material disposed between a magnetic material and another magnetic material, at least one of the magnetic material and the another magnetic material comprising a magnetic region exhibiting a vertical magnetic orientation at a magnetic strength, the primal precursor structure (600, 700) experiencing an initial stress state; forming a stress-compensating material disposed on the primal precursor structure (600, 700), the stress-compensating material applying an opposing stress for compensating the initial stress experienced by the primal precursor structure (600, 700) thereby to effect a strain within a magnetic material; and patterning the stress-compensating material and at least a portion of the primal precursor structure (600, 700) to form a memory cell while maintaining or enhancing the magnetic strength and the vertical magnetic orientation of the magnetic region. forming a primal precursor structure (600, 700) comprising a non-magnetic material disposed between a magnetic material and another magnetic material, at least one of the magnetic material and the another magnetic material comprising a magnetic region exhibiting a vertical magnetic orientation at a magnetic strength, the primal precursor structure (600, 700) experiencing an initial stress state; forming a stress-compensating material disposed on the primal precursor structure (600, 700), the stress-compensating material applying an opposing stress for compensating the initial stress experienced by the primal precursor structure (600, 700) thereby to effect a strain within a magnetic material; and patterning the stress-compensating material and at least a portion of the primal precursor structure (600, 700) to form a memory cell while maintaining or enhancing the magnetic strength and the vertical magnetic orientation of the magnetic region.
Lighting system comprising: - a plurality of lamps which are designed to illuminate a part of a building, - a control unit configured to set and control a respective illumination parameter of the lamps, - an interface configured to transmit electrical control signals between the lamps and the control unit, wherein the control signals in each case include at least one control parameter, wherein by means of the control parameter the lamps can be controlled individually for illuminating the part of the building, - a memory in which at least one item of light planning information of the lighting system is stored, wherein the item of light planning information comprises intended illumination intensities at defined positions in the part of the building which are illuminated by the lighting system, and - a sensor element which is configured to detect a change in a light parameter of the lighting system, and to generate a notification if the illumination intensity or the luminous flux of at least one lighting means of the at least one lamp is reduced due to a defect in at least one of the lamps in the lighting system, wherein the control unit is configured to access the memory during an operating phase of the lighting system to adjust the control signals based on the light planning information if the notification has been generated that a light parameter of the lighting system has changed due to a defect in at least one of the lamps in the lighting system, characterized in that the lighting system is configured to adjust the control parameters of the control signals based on a predefined prioritization, and to perform a pre-calculation and a check as to whether an acceptable compensation for the defect in at least one of the lamps can be achieved via adjacent lamps by changing illumination parameters, and in that the control unit is designed to identify at least one defective lamp based on information about the aging of the lighting means in the lighting system. - a plurality of lamps which are designed to illuminate a part of a building, - a control unit configured to set and control a respective illumination parameter of the lamps, - an interface configured to transmit electrical control signals between the lamps and the control unit, wherein the control signals in each case include at least one control parameter, wherein by means of the control parameter the lamps can be controlled individually for illuminating the part of the building, - a memory in which at least one item of light planning information of the lighting system is stored, wherein the item of light planning information comprises intended illumination intensities at defined positions in the part of the building which are illuminated by the lighting system, and - a sensor element which is configured to detect a change in a light parameter of the lighting system, and to generate a notification if the illumination intensity or the luminous flux of at least one lighting means of the at least one lamp is reduced due to a defect in at least one of the lamps in the lighting system,
A method for generating a code for coherent optical communications, wherein the code is a constant modulus multi-dimensional code, comprising: projecting points in a constellation of an initial code onto a hyper-sphere by normalizing a sum of power over multiple dimensions to produce a multi-dimensional constellation; identifying point pairs in the multi-dimensional constellation having smallest Euclidean distances to a nearest neighbor point pair in the hyper-sphere; increasing the distance between the point pairs on the hyper-sphere in the multi-dimensional constellation points; and iteratively optimizing positions of the point pairs in the multi-dimensional constellation using a performance criterion, wherein the performance criterion maximizes a minimum Euclidean distance, minimizes a bit-error rate, minimizes a union bound, maximizes mutual information, maximizes a reach along a nonliner fiber, minimizes a required signal-to-noise ratio, maximizes a tolerance to phase noise, or minimizes fluctuation of a power envelope in a signal transition and combinations thereof, wherein: the steps are performed in a processor; and the generated code is L-dimensional N-ary amplitude M-ary phase-shift-keying including 4D-2A8PSK and 4D-2AQPSK, wherein amplitudes and phase offsets of the code are optimized, and wherein a sum of powers over L dimensions is constant for all codewords in the code. projecting points in a constellation of an initial code onto a hyper-sphere by normalizing a sum of power over multiple dimensions to produce a multi-dimensional constellation; identifying point pairs in the multi-dimensional constellation having smallest Euclidean distances to a nearest neighbor point pair in the hyper-sphere; increasing the distance between the point pairs on the hyper-sphere in the multi-dimensional constellation points; and iteratively optimizing positions of the point pairs in the multi-dimensional constellation using a performance criterion, wherein the performance criterion maximizes a minimum Euclidean distance, minimizes a bit-error rate, minimizes a union bound, maximizes mutual information, maximizes a reach along a nonliner fiber, minimizes a required signal-to-noise ratio, maximizes a tolerance to phase noise, or minimizes fluctuation of a power envelope in a signal transition and combinations thereof, wherein: the steps are performed in a processor; and the generated code is L-dimensional N-ary amplitude M-ary phase-shift-keying including 4D-2A8PSK and 4D-2AQPSK, wherein amplitudes and phase offsets of the code are optimized, and wherein a sum of powers over L dimensions is constant for all codewords in the code. the steps are performed in a processor; and the generated code is L-dimensional N-ary amplitude M-ary phase-shift-keying including 4D-2A8PSK and 4D-2AQPSK, wherein amplitudes and phase offsets of the code are optimized, and wherein a sum of powers over L dimensions is constant for all codewords in the code.
Use of a fiber composite material connecting portion to connect a tubular fiber composite material structure to a connecting device, wherein the fiber composite material structure has more circumferential layers than longitudinal threads, wherein the connecting portion has at least one fiber deflecting element (211, 212, 213) in its interior, wherein the course of the long fibers (201a, 202a, 203a) from the fiber composite component follows the shape of a fiber deflecting portion of a fiber deflecting element (211, 212, 213) so that the fiber direction thereof is deflected at the fiber deflecting portion, and wherein the long fibers (201a, 202a, 203a) do not completely loop around the fiber deflecting elements (211, 212, 213) with which they are associated respectively, wherein the fiber deflecting elements (211, 212, 213) consist of fiber composite material, and characterized in that no firm connection is present between the tubular fiber composite material structure and the connecting device, for a pressure tank.
Anodic compartment for metal electrowinning cells delimited by a frame-shaped skeleton comprising: - an envelope including a permeable separator secured to said frame-shaped skeleton by means of a frame-shaped flange, - at least one anode obtained starting from a valve metal substrate coated with at least one corrosion-resistant catalytic layer, said anode being inserted inside said envelope, - a demister located above said anode and delimited by said separator and said skeleton. - an envelope including a permeable separator secured to said frame-shaped skeleton by means of a frame-shaped flange, - at least one anode obtained starting from a valve metal substrate coated with at least one corrosion-resistant catalytic layer, said anode being inserted inside said envelope, - a demister located above said anode and delimited by said separator and said skeleton.
An RF tag for use in a sensor network, the tag comprising: a radio; an energy harvesting unit operable to convert incident RF energy to direct current, DC; a storage unit operable to store recovered DC power; one or more sensors for sensing and logging data; a passive RF wake-up pattern detector operable to generate an interrupt signal responsive to the reception by the radio of a predetermined RF transmission pattern; and a microcontroller coupled to the energy harvesting and storage units, the pattern detector, the one or more sensors and the radio, the microcontroller operable in response to the interrupt signal to wake up from a sleep state and cause the radio to communicate sensed data from at least one of the one or more sensors while powered by energy previously harvested by the energy harvesting unit and stored by the storage unit; wherein the passive RF wake-up pattern detector comprises: a plurality of threshold detectors (bl, bk, bn, bm), each of the plurality of threshold detectors configured to generate a Boolean output based on the result of comparing a power threshold (A threshold 1, A threshold n) to a received RF power of one subcarrier of a distinct frequency, and a logic block configured to receive the Boolean outputs from the plurality of threshold detectors and to generate the interrupt signal in response to applying a function to the Boolean outputs. a radio; an energy harvesting unit operable to convert incident RF energy to direct current, DC; a storage unit operable to store recovered DC power; one or more sensors for sensing and logging data; a passive RF wake-up pattern detector operable to generate an interrupt signal responsive to the reception by the radio of a predetermined RF transmission pattern; and a microcontroller coupled to the energy harvesting and storage units, the pattern detector, the one or more sensors and the radio, the microcontroller operable in response to the interrupt signal to wake up from a sleep state and cause the radio to communicate sensed data from at least one of the one or more sensors while powered by energy previously harvested by the energy harvesting unit and stored by the storage unit; wherein the passive RF wake-up pattern detector comprises: a plurality of threshold detectors (bl, bk, bn, bm), each of the plurality of threshold detectors configured to generate a Boolean output based on the result of comparing a power threshold (A threshold 1, A threshold n) to a received RF power of one subcarrier of a distinct frequency, and a logic block configured to receive the Boolean outputs from the plurality of threshold detectors and to generate the interrupt signal in response to applying a function to the Boolean outputs.
An optical member made of a molded product containing a crosslinked product of the following ethylene/tetrafluoroethylene copolymer: An ethylene/tetrafluoroethylene copolymer comprising units based on tetrafluoroethylene, units based on ethylene and units based on CH 2 =CHC n F 2n+1 wherein n is an integer of from 2 to 10, wherein the molar ratio ( /) of the above units to the above units is from 50/50 to 66/34, the molar ratio ( /{ +}) of the above units to the sum of the above units and the above units is from 4.0/100 to 10/100. An ethylene/tetrafluoroethylene copolymer comprising units based on tetrafluoroethylene, units based on ethylene and units based on CH 2 =CHC n F 2n+1 wherein n is an integer of from 2 to 10, wherein the molar ratio ( /) of the above units to the above units is from 50/50 to 66/34, the molar ratio ( /{ +}) of the above units to the sum of the above units and the above units is from 4.0/100 to 10/100.
A vehicle control device, comprising: target drive force setting means for setting a target drive force based on an operating state; target speed ratio setting means for setting a target speed ratio of a continuously variable transmission to realize the target drive force; target torque setting means for setting a target torque of a drive source to achieve the target drive force; vehicle speed detecting means for detecting a vehicle speed; accelerator pedal opening detecting means for detecting an accelerator pedal opening; acceleration request determining means for determining based on the accelerator pedal opening whether or not an acceleration request has been made; characterized by vehicle speed holding means for holding a vehicle speed when the acceleration request is made as a vehicle speed for setting the target drive force when the acceleration request is made, the target drive force setting means setting a target drive force reduced in a stepwise manner at the time of upshifting in the continuously variable transmission. target drive force setting means for setting a target drive force based on an operating state; target speed ratio setting means for setting a target speed ratio of a continuously variable transmission to realize the target drive force; target torque setting means for setting a target torque of a drive source to achieve the target drive force; vehicle speed detecting means for detecting a vehicle speed; accelerator pedal opening detecting means for detecting an accelerator pedal opening; acceleration request determining means for determining based on the accelerator pedal opening whether or not an acceleration request has been made; characterized by vehicle speed holding means for holding a vehicle speed when the acceleration request is made as a vehicle speed for setting the target drive force when the acceleration request is made, the target drive force setting means setting a target drive force reduced in a stepwise manner at the time of upshifting in the continuously variable transmission.
Industrial truck which is designed as a towing vehicle for towing a plurality of trailers in a route train, wherein a curve control is provided which reduces a maximum permissible value for at least one driving parameter for a trip around a curve characterised in that the curve control additionally has a signal input for a trailer curve signal which indicates a turning movement for one of the towed trailers, wherein the curve control does not cancel the reduction of the maximum permissible value of the driving parameter until the curve signal present at the signal input indicates that none of the trailers is in a turning movement.
Use of a burner for inner surface treatment of a medical glass container having an internal space with a first diameter, an opening with a second diameter and a bottom, the burner comprising: a burner body having a first flow path through which a fuel is circulated; a nozzle having a straw-like long and narrow nozzle portion that can be inserted into the internal space of said medical glass container to treat an inner surface of the medical glass container, the nozzle portion being formed of ceramic and defining a second flow path connected to the first flow path of the burner body, wherein said fuel is circulated from the first flow path to the second flow path, and is burnt at the top end of the nozzle to form a flame, wherein the nozzle portion is inserted into the internal space of the medical glass container in which the second diameter of the opening is smaller than the first diameter of the internal space. a burner body having a first flow path through which a fuel is circulated; a nozzle having a straw-like long and narrow nozzle portion that can be inserted into the internal space of said medical glass container to treat an inner surface of the medical glass container, the nozzle portion being formed of ceramic and defining a second flow path connected to the first flow path of the burner body, wherein said fuel is circulated from the first flow path to the second flow path, and is burnt at the top end of the nozzle to form a flame, wherein the nozzle portion is inserted into the internal space of the medical glass container in which the second diameter of the opening is smaller than the first diameter of the internal space.
A method of forming a polycrystalline diamond compact for use in an earth-boring tool, comprising: at least partially melting at least one of a silicate glass, an alkali metal salt, and a rare earth element to form a reactive material; and introducing the reactive material to a polycrystalline diamond compact comprising a catalyst material disposed in interstitial spaces between inter-bonded crystals of a polycrystalline material to remove at least a portion of the catalyst material. at least partially melting at least one of a silicate glass, an alkali metal salt, and a rare earth element to form a reactive material; and introducing the reactive material to a polycrystalline diamond compact comprising a catalyst material disposed in interstitial spaces between inter-bonded crystals of a polycrystalline material to remove at least a portion of the catalyst material.
A steerable multi-plane ultrasound imaging system (MPUIS) for steering a plurality of intersecting image planes (PL 1..n) of a beamforming ultrasound imaging probe (BUIP) based on ultrasound signals transmitted between the beamforming ultrasound imaging probe (BUIP) and an ultrasound transducer disposed within a field of view of the probe (BUIP), the system comprising: a beamforming ultrasound imaging probe (BUIP); and an ultrasound tracking system; wherein the beamforming ultrasound imaging probe (BUIP) is configured to generate ultrasound beams that define a plurality of intersecting image planes (PL 1..n), the image planes comprising at least a first image plane (PL 1) and a second image plane (PL 2); wherein the ultrasound tracking system is in communication with the beamforming ultrasound imaging probe (BUIP) and is configured to cause the beamforming ultrasound imaging probe (BUIP) to adjust an orientation of the first image plane (PL 1) such that the first image plane passes through a position of the ultrasound transducer by maximizing a magnitude of ultrasound signals transmitted between the beamforming ultrasound imaging probe (BUIP) and the ultrasound transducer; and to cause the beamforming ultrasound imaging probe (BUIP) to adjust an orientation of the second image plane (PL 2) such that an intersection between the first image plane and the second image plane passes through the position of the ultrasound transducer. a beamforming ultrasound imaging probe (BUIP); and an ultrasound tracking system; wherein the beamforming ultrasound imaging probe (BUIP) is configured to generate ultrasound beams that define a plurality of intersecting image planes (PL 1..n), the image planes comprising at least a first image plane (PL 1) and a second image plane (PL 2); wherein the ultrasound tracking system is in communication with the beamforming ultrasound imaging probe (BUIP) and is configured to cause the beamforming ultrasound imaging probe (BUIP) to adjust an orientation of the first image plane (PL 1) such that the first image plane passes through a position of the ultrasound transducer by maximizing a magnitude of ultrasound signals transmitted between the beamforming ultrasound imaging probe (BUIP) and the ultrasound transducer; and to cause the beamforming ultrasound imaging probe (BUIP) to adjust an orientation of the second image plane (PL 2) such that an intersection between the first image plane and the second image plane passes through the position of the ultrasound transducer.
A process for depositing a layer on at least part of the surface of a substrate by at least partially submerging the substrate in a solution comprising a solvent and at least one compound intended to form the layer, then drying the substrate, this drying being carried out at least partially in an atmosphere that is isolated from the solution, the process being characterized in that the submersion in the solution and the drying of the substrate are carried out in the same controlled-atmosphere enclosure, the solution being introduced into the controlled-atmosphere enclosure in order to allow the substrate to be submerged, and being removed from the controlled-atmosphere enclosure during the drying of the substrate.
A method of power management comprising: providing an integrated circuit, IC, having an adaptive voltage scaling, AVS, controller; sensing at least one state of the IC or an environment of the IC; performing a first AVS operation on a voltage supplied to a portion of the IC using the AVS controller under a first condition, wherein the first condition comprises a power conservation mode of the IC, the first AVS operation configured to dynamically control the voltage based on the at least one sensed state; and performing a second AVS operation on the voltage supplied to the portion of the IC under a second condition, wherein the second condition comprises a high-performance mode of the IC, the second AVS operation configured to statically control the voltage independently of the at least one sensed state. providing an integrated circuit, IC, having an adaptive voltage scaling, AVS, controller; sensing at least one state of the IC or an environment of the IC; performing a first AVS operation on a voltage supplied to a portion of the IC using the AVS controller under a first condition, wherein the first condition comprises a power conservation mode of the IC, the first AVS operation configured to dynamically control the voltage based on the at least one sensed state; and performing a second AVS operation on the voltage supplied to the portion of the IC under a second condition, wherein the second condition comprises a high-performance mode of the IC, the second AVS operation configured to statically control the voltage independently of the at least one sensed state.