A system for performing time-domain magnetic resonance imaging, comprising a radio frequency, RF, excitation device for transiently exciting a sample thereby causing the sample to emit an MRI signal; a receiving coil for receiving the MRI signal; a gradient coil configured to apply spatial encoding gradients, wherein the excitation device, the gradient coil, and the receiving coil are configured to perform a sequence of a plurality of acquisitions with different gradient encodings; wherein the excitation device is configured to perform a sequence of excitations wherein the sample is excited again before the sample can reach an equilibrium state; wherein the received MRI signal is a time domain signal free from Fourier transform; the system further comprising a processor configured to: generate a simulated signal of the receiving coil in a time domain, i.e. free from Fourier transform, based on a plurality of spatial parameter distributions, wherein the spatial parameter distributions include a spatial distribution of a magnetization, wherein the spatial parameter distributions further include at least one of a spatial distribution of a material property of a material of the sample and a spatial distribution of an electromagnetic field, wherein the spatial distribution of the electro-magnetic field comprises at least one of: a distribution of a transmit magnetic field ( B 1 +), and a distribution of an off-resonance (Δ B 0); determine an objective function based on a difference between the received MRI signal and the simulated signal in the time domain; and fit the plurality of spatial parameter distributions based on the objective function. a radio frequency, RF, excitation device for transiently exciting a sample thereby causing the sample to emit an MRI signal; a receiving coil for receiving the MRI signal; a gradient coil configured to apply spatial encoding gradients, wherein the excitation device, the gradient coil, and the receiving coil are configured to perform a sequence of a plurality of acquisitions with different gradient encodings; wherein the excitation device is configured to perform a sequence of excitations wherein the sample is excited again before the sample can reach an equilibrium state; wherein the received MRI signal is a time domain signal free from Fourier transform; the system further comprising a processor configured to: generate a simulated signal of the receiving coil in a time domain, i.e. free from Fourier transform, based on a plurality of spatial parameter distributions, wherein the spatial parameter distributions include a spatial distribution of a magnetization, wherein the spatial parameter distributions further include at least one of a spatial distribution of a material property of a material of the sample and a spatial distribution of an electromagnetic field, wherein the spatial distribution of the electro-magnetic field comprises at least one of: a distribution of a transmit magnetic field ( B 1 +), and a distribution of an off-resonance (Δ B 0); determine an objective function based on a difference between the received MRI signal and the simulated signal in the time domain; and fit the plurality of spatial parameter distributions based on the objective function. generate a simulated signal of the receiving coil in a time domain, i.e. free from Fourier transform, based on a plurality of spatial parameter distributions, wherein the spatial parameter distributions include a spatial distribution of a magnetization, wherein the spatial parameter distributions further include at least one of a spatial distribution of a material property of a material of the sample and a spatial distribution of an electromagnetic field, wherein the spatial distribution of the electro-magnetic field comprises at least one of: a distribution of a transmit magnetic field ( B 1 +), and a distribution of an off-resonance (Δ B 0); determine an objective function based on a difference between the received MRI signal and the simulated signal in the time domain; and fit the plurality of spatial parameter distributions based on the objective function.