An illumination device adapted for illuminating a painting which is partially drawn with special paint that emits or reflects light upon reception of ultraviolet rays, the illumination device comprising: a first illumination lamp capable of radiating ultraviolet rays; a second illumination lamp (16, 17, 18, 19) capable of radiating white light; and an illumination control unit capable of controlling on/off of the first illumination lamp, and of controlling on/off and illuminance of the second illumination lamp (16, 17, 18, 19), wherein the illumination control unit is configured to control the second illumination lamp (16, 17, 18, 19) to repeat a pattern according to which the illuminance is gradually increased in a first predetermined period of time that is set in advance starting from an off state of the second illumination lamp (16, 17, 18, 19), according to which maximum illuminance is maintained in a second predetermined period of time that is set in advance and that follows the first predetermined period of time, according to which the illuminance is gradually reduced in a third predetermined period of time that is set in advance and that follows the second predetermined period of time, and according to which the off state is maintained in a fourth predetermined period of time that is set in advance and that follows the third predetermined period of time, and to control the first illumination lamp to repeat a pattern according to which the first illumination lamp is turned off in a fifth predetermined period of time that is set in advance and that is during a time when the second illumination lamp (16, 17, 18, 19) is turned on, and according which the first illumination lamp is turned on in a sixth predetermined period of time that is set in advance and that includes a time when the second illumination lamp (16, 17, 18, 19) is turned off, characterized in that the illumination device comprises further a signal reception unit configured to receive an audio signal from outside; a musical piece extraction unit configured to determine whether a music piece is present in the audio signal by extracting continuous consonant sounds in the audio signal; and a performance state detection unit configured to detect a start and an end of performance of a musical piece according to a result of extraction by the musical piece extraction unit; wherein the illumination control unit is further configured to cause the first illumination lamp and the second illumination lamp (16, 17, 18, 19) to be discontinuously turned on and turned off according to their respective patterns in response to detection of the start of performance by the performance state detection unit, and to cause the first illumination lamp and the second illumination lamp (16, 17, 18, 19) to be turned off in response to detection of the end of performance by the performance state detection unit. a first illumination lamp capable of radiating ultraviolet rays; a second illumination lamp (16, 17, 18, 19) capable of radiating white light; and an illumination control unit capable of controlling on/off of the first illumination lamp, and of controlling on/off and illuminance of the second illumination lamp (16, 17, 18, 19), wherein the illumination control unit is configured to control the second illumination lamp (16, 17, 18, 19) to repeat a pattern according to which the illuminance is gradually increased in a first predetermined period of time that is set in advance starting from an off state of the second illumination lamp (16, 17, 18, 19), according to which maximum illuminance is maintained in a second predetermined period of time that is set in advance and that follows the first predetermined period of time, according to which the illuminance is gradually reduced in a third predetermined period of time that is set in advance and that follows the second predetermined period of time, and according to which the off state is maintained in a fourth predetermined period of time that is set in advance and that follows the third predetermined period of time, and to control the first illumination lamp to repeat a pattern according to which the first illumination lamp is turned off in a fifth predetermined period of time that is set in advance and that is during a time when the second illumination lamp (16, 17, 18, 19) is turned on, and according which the first illumination lamp is turned on in a sixth predetermined period of time that is set in advance and that includes a time when the second illumination lamp (16, 17, 18, 19) is turned off, characterized in that the illumination device comprises further a signal reception unit configured to receive an audio signal from outside; a musical piece extraction unit configured to determine whether a music piece is present in the audio signal by extracting continuous consonant sounds in the audio signal; and a performance state detection unit configured to detect a start and an end of performance of a musical piece according to a result of extraction by the musical piece extraction unit; wherein the illumination control unit is further configured to cause the first illumination lamp and the second illumination lamp (16, 17, 18, 19) to be discontinuously turned on and turned off according to their respective patterns in response to detection of the start of performance by the performance state detection unit, and to cause the first illumination lamp and the second illumination lamp (16, 17, 18, 19) to be turned off in response to detection of the end of performance by the performance state detection unit.