A consumable chip, wherein the consumable chip is capable of being installed on a consumable, the consumable is capable of being detachably installed on an image forming apparatus, and the consumable chip comprising: a first storage unit, configured to store first fixed data representing attribute information of the consumable; a chip control unit, configured to: receive an authentication request sent by the image forming apparatus, and obtain the first fixed data and first variable data representing consumption information of the consumable based on the authentication request, characterised in that the chip control unit is further configured to: generate authentication data by performing a calculation on the first fixed data and the first variable data according to a first preset algorithm, and send the authentication data to the image forming apparatus, wherein the authentication data is usable, by the image forming control unit, to determine whether the authentication data is consistent with reference data, to determine whether the consumable is a designated consumable that meets predetermined quality requirements. a first storage unit, configured to store first fixed data representing attribute information of the consumable; a chip control unit, configured to: receive an authentication request sent by the image forming apparatus, and obtain the first fixed data and first variable data representing consumption information of the consumable based on the authentication request, characterised in that the chip control unit is further configured to: generate authentication data by performing a calculation on the first fixed data and the first variable data according to a first preset algorithm, and send the authentication data to the image forming apparatus, wherein the authentication data is usable, by the image forming control unit, to determine whether the authentication data is consistent with reference data, to determine whether the consumable is a designated consumable that meets predetermined quality requirements. receive an authentication request sent by the image forming apparatus, and obtain the first fixed data and first variable data representing consumption information of the consumable based on the authentication request, characterised in that the chip control unit is further configured to: generate authentication data by performing a calculation on the first fixed data and the first variable data according to a first preset algorithm, and send the authentication data to the image forming apparatus, wherein the authentication data is usable, by the image forming control unit, to determine whether the authentication data is consistent with reference data, to determine whether the consumable is a designated consumable that meets predetermined quality requirements. generate authentication data by performing a calculation on the first fixed data and the first variable data according to a first preset algorithm, and send the authentication data to the image forming apparatus, wherein the authentication data is usable, by the image forming control unit, to determine whether the authentication data is consistent with reference data, to determine whether the consumable is a designated consumable that meets predetermined quality requirements.