A slow neutron detection device, comprising: a first slow neutron converter and a second slow neutron converter, filled with ionization working gas for generating electrons and configured to react with incident neutrons and generate the electrons; an electron multiplication and readout apparatus (542, 543, 544) arranged between the first slow neutron converter and the second slow neutron converter and configured to multiply and read out the electrons, wherein the electron multiplication and readout apparatus (542, 543, 544) comprises: a first cathode wire set including a plurality of electrode wires disposed in parallel, the first cathode wire set being arranged between the first slow neutron converter and the second slow neutron converter and near one end of the first slow neutron converter; a second cathode wire set including a plurality of electrode wires disposed in parallel, the second cathode wire set being arranged between the first slow neutron converter and the second slow neutron converter and near one end of the second slow neutron converter; and a readout electrode wire set including a plurality of electrode wires disposed in parallel and working as an anode, the readout electrode wire set being arranged between the first cathode wire set and the second cathode wire set, a first cathode plate arranged near the other end of the first slow neutron converter relative to the first cathode wire set; and a second cathode plate arranged near the other end of the second slow neutron converter relative to the second cathode wire set, characterized in that the plurality of electrode wires of the readout electrode wire set is substantially perpendicular to a direction along which the plurality of electrode wires of the first cathode wire set extend and a direction along which the plurality of electrode wires of the second cathode wire set extend. a first slow neutron converter and a second slow neutron converter, filled with ionization working gas for generating electrons and configured to react with incident neutrons and generate the electrons; an electron multiplication and readout apparatus (542, 543, 544) arranged between the first slow neutron converter and the second slow neutron converter and configured to multiply and read out the electrons, wherein the electron multiplication and readout apparatus (542, 543, 544) comprises: a first cathode wire set including a plurality of electrode wires disposed in parallel, the first cathode wire set being arranged between the first slow neutron converter and the second slow neutron converter and near one end of the first slow neutron converter; a second cathode wire set including a plurality of electrode wires disposed in parallel, the second cathode wire set being arranged between the first slow neutron converter and the second slow neutron converter and near one end of the second slow neutron converter; and a readout electrode wire set including a plurality of electrode wires disposed in parallel and working as an anode, the readout electrode wire set being arranged between the first cathode wire set and the second cathode wire set, a first cathode wire set including a plurality of electrode wires disposed in parallel, the first cathode wire set being arranged between the first slow neutron converter and the second slow neutron converter and near one end of the first slow neutron converter; a second cathode wire set including a plurality of electrode wires disposed in parallel, the second cathode wire set being arranged between the first slow neutron converter and the second slow neutron converter and near one end of the second slow neutron converter; and a readout electrode wire set including a plurality of electrode wires disposed in parallel and working as an anode, the readout electrode wire set being arranged between the first cathode wire set and the second cathode wire set, a first cathode plate arranged near the other end of the first slow neutron converter relative to the first cathode wire set; and a second cathode plate arranged near the other end of the second slow neutron converter relative to the second cathode wire set, characterized in that the plurality of electrode wires of the readout electrode wire set is substantially perpendicular to a direction along which the plurality of electrode wires of the first cathode wire set extend and a direction along which the plurality of electrode wires of the second cathode wire set extend.