A compound of formula I-3: or a stereoisomer, salt, hydrate, solvate, or crystalline form thereof; wherein R 1 is n-alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkaryl, phenyl or naphthyl, where the phenyl or naphthyl is optionally substituted with at least one of F, Cl, Br, I, OH, OR', SH, SR', NH 2, NHR', NR' 2, heterocycle, C 1 -C 6 alkyl, halogenated C 1 -C 6 alkenyl, C 2 -C 6 alkynyl, halogenated C 2 -C 6 alkynyl, C 1 -C 6 alkoxy, halogenated C 1 -C 6 alkoxy, CO 2 H, CO 2 R', CONH 2, CONHR', CONR' 2, CH=CHCO 2 H, or CH=CHCO 2 R', wherein R' is an optionally substituted C 1 -C 10 alkyl, C 3 -C 7 cycloalkyl, C 2 -C 10 alkenyl, C 2 -C 10 alkynyl, or C 1 -C 10 alkoxyalkyl; R 2 is H, a C 1 -C 6 alkyl, cyano, vinyl, O-(C 1 -C 6 alkyl), hydroxyl C 1 -C 6 alkyl, fluoromethyl, azido, CH 2 CN, CH 2 N 3, CH 2 NH 2, CH 2 NHCH 3, CH 2 N(CH 3) 2, F, CI, Br, or I; R 3 is CH 3, CH 2 F, CHF 2 or CF 3; X is F; R 7 and R 8 are independently H, F, Cl, Br, I, OH, OR', SH, SR', NH 2, NHR', NR' 2, NHR' 2 +, NR' 3 +, heterocycle, C 1 -C 6 alkyl, halogenated C 1 -C 6 alkyl, C 2 -C 6 alkenyl, halogenated C 2 -C 6 alkenyl, C 2 -C 6 alkynyl, halogenated C 2 -C 6 alkynyl, C 1 -C 6 alkoxy, halogenated C 1 -C 6 alkoxy, CO 2 H, CO 2 R', CONH 2, CONHR', CONR' 2, CH=CHCO 2 H, or CH=CHCO 2 R'; Z is N or CR 9; and R 9 is H, F, OH, OR', NH 2, NHR', NR' 2, C 1 -C 6 alkyl, or halogenated C 1 -C 6 alkyl; wherein R' is an optionally substituted alkyl, an optionally substituted cycloalkyl, an optionally substituted alkynyl, an optionally substituted alkenyl, an optionally substituted acyl, or an optionally substituted alkoxyalkyl, where for the instance of NR' 2 or NHR' 2 +, each R' is independent of one another or both R' are joined to form a heterocycle comprising at least two carbon atoms, and where for the instance of NR' 3 +, each R' is independent of one another or at least two R' are joined to form a heterocycle comprising at least two carbon atoms; and wherein the said substituted alkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, substituted alkynyl, substituted alkenyl, substituted acyl, or substituted alkoxyalkyl is substituted with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of alkyl, halogenated alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl and aryl. R 1 is n-alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkaryl, phenyl or naphthyl, where the phenyl or naphthyl is optionally substituted with at least one of F, Cl, Br, I, OH, OR', SH, SR', NH 2, NHR', NR' 2, heterocycle, C 1 -C 6 alkyl, halogenated C 1 -C 6 alkenyl, C 2 -C 6 alkynyl, halogenated C 2 -C 6 alkynyl, C 1 -C 6 alkoxy, halogenated C 1 -C 6 alkoxy, CO 2 H, CO 2 R', CONH 2, CONHR', CONR' 2, CH=CHCO 2 H, or CH=CHCO 2 R', wherein R' is an optionally substituted C 1 -C 10 alkyl, C 3 -C 7 cycloalkyl, C 2 -C 10 alkenyl, C 2 -C 10 alkynyl, or C 1 -C 10 alkoxyalkyl; R 2 is H, a C 1 -C 6 alkyl, cyano, vinyl, O-(C 1 -C 6 alkyl), hydroxyl C 1 -C 6 alkyl, fluoromethyl, azido, CH 2 CN, CH 2 N 3, CH 2 NH 2, CH 2 NHCH 3, CH 2 N(CH 3) 2, F, CI, Br, or I; R 3 is CH 3, CH 2 F, CHF 2 or CF 3; X is F; R 7 and R 8 are independently H, F, Cl, Br, I, OH, OR', SH, SR', NH 2, NHR', NR' 2, NHR' 2 +, NR' 3 +, heterocycle, C 1 -C 6 alkyl, halogenated C 1 -C 6 alkyl, C 2 -C 6 alkenyl, halogenated C 2 -C 6 alkenyl, C 2 -C 6 alkynyl, halogenated C 2 -C 6 alkynyl, C 1 -C 6 alkoxy, halogenated C 1 -C 6 alkoxy, CO 2 H, CO 2 R', CONH 2, CONHR', CONR' 2, CH=CHCO 2 H, or CH=CHCO 2 R'; Z is N or CR 9; and R 9 is H, F, OH, OR', NH 2, NHR', NR' 2, C 1 -C 6 alkyl, or halogenated C 1 -C 6 alkyl;