A waterproof gas-permeable membrane comprising: a non-porous resin film having no other routes that allow through-thickness gas permeation than through holes formed to extend through the thickness of the resin film; and a water-repellent layer formed on a principal surface of the resin film and having openings located at positions corresponding to the positions of the through holes, wherein the through holes, which are straight holes piercing the resin film straight, have a diameter of 15 μm or less, the straight holes being holes whose diameters remain substantially identical on the way from one principal surface of the resin film to the other principal surface, the waterproof gas-permeable membrane having a water entry pressure of 2 kPa or more as measured according to Method B (high hydraulic pressure method) of water penetrating test specified in JIS L 1092, the through holes are distributed at a hole density of 1×10 3 holes/cm 2 or more and 1×10 9 holes/cm 2 or less in the resin film, wherein the hole density of each resin film is determined by observing both principal surfaces of the resin film with a SEM, visually counting the number of the through holes captured in the obtained SEM images, and dividing the counted number to calculate the number per unit area, and characterized in that the resin film has a set of the through holes that extend in a first oblique direction with respect to a direction perpendicular to the principal surface of the film, and at least a set of the through holes that extend in a second oblique direction with respect to the perpendicular direction, and at least the first oblique direction and the second oblique direction are different from each other such that the values of the angle θ1 are different, the angle θ1 being formed by the oblique direction in which the through holes extend, with the direction perpendicular to the principal surface of the resin film. a non-porous resin film having no other routes that allow through-thickness gas permeation than through holes formed to extend through the thickness of the resin film; and a water-repellent layer formed on a principal surface of the resin film and having openings located at positions corresponding to the positions of the through holes, wherein the through holes, which are straight holes piercing the resin film straight, have a diameter of 15 μm or less, the straight holes being holes whose diameters remain substantially identical on the way from one principal surface of the resin film to the other principal surface, the waterproof gas-permeable membrane having a water entry pressure of 2 kPa or more as measured according to Method B (high hydraulic pressure method) of water penetrating test specified in JIS L 1092, the through holes are distributed at a hole density of 1×10 3 holes/cm 2 or more and 1×10 9 holes/cm 2 or less in the resin film, wherein the hole density of each resin film is determined by observing both principal surfaces of the resin film with a SEM, visually counting the number of the through holes captured in the obtained SEM images, and dividing the counted number to calculate the number per unit area, and characterized in that the resin film has a set of the through holes that extend in a first oblique direction with respect to a direction perpendicular to the principal surface of the film, and at least a set of the through holes that extend in a second oblique direction with respect to the perpendicular direction, and at least the first oblique direction and the second oblique direction are different from each other such that the values of the angle θ1 are different, the angle θ1 being formed by the oblique direction in which the through holes extend, with the direction perpendicular to the principal surface of the resin film.