A method for the in vitro diagnosis or prognosis of a TNF-α blocking monoclonal antibody responding or non-responding phenotype, comprising: (a) determining from a blood sample of a subject suffering from rheumatoid arthritis an expression profile comprising or consisting of: (i) • the gene MKNK1; or • the genes MKNK1 and GNLY; or • the genes MKNK1, TBX21 and TGFBR3; or • the genes MKNK1, GNLY, and ADI1; or • the genes MKNK1, GNLY, ADI1, and IL1B; or • the genes MKNK1, GNLY, ADI1, IL1B, and IL1R1; or • the genes MKNK1, PRF1, TBX21, TGFBR3, IFNGR2, FYN, IL1B and CFLAR; or • the genes MKNK1, PRF1, TBX21, TGFBR3, IFNGR2, FYN, IL1B, CFLAR, MAPK14 and GNLY; or • the genes MKNK1, PRF1, TBX21, TGFBR3, IFNGR2, FYN, IL1B, CFLAR, CD14 and TGFBR2; or • the genes MKNK1, IFNGR2, IL1B, MAPK14, GNLY, and CD14; or • the genes MKNK1, PRF1, TBX21, TGFBR3, IFNGR2, IL1B, CFLAR, MAPK14, GNLY, CD14 and TGFBR2; or • all the 46 genes of Tables 2, 3 and 4, and (ii) optionally one or more housekeeping gene(s), (b) comparing the obtained expression profile with at least one reference expression profile, and (c) determining the responding or non-responding phenotype from said comparison. (a) determining from a blood sample of a subject suffering from rheumatoid arthritis an expression profile comprising or consisting of: (i) • the gene MKNK1; or • the genes MKNK1 and GNLY; or • the genes MKNK1, TBX21 and TGFBR3; or • the genes MKNK1, GNLY, and ADI1; or • the genes MKNK1, GNLY, ADI1, and IL1B; or • the genes MKNK1, GNLY, ADI1, IL1B, and IL1R1; or • the genes MKNK1, PRF1, TBX21, TGFBR3, IFNGR2, FYN, IL1B and CFLAR; or • the genes MKNK1, PRF1, TBX21, TGFBR3, IFNGR2, FYN, IL1B, CFLAR, MAPK14 and GNLY; or • the genes MKNK1, PRF1, TBX21, TGFBR3, IFNGR2, FYN, IL1B, CFLAR, CD14 and TGFBR2; or • the genes MKNK1, IFNGR2, IL1B, MAPK14, GNLY, and CD14; or • the genes MKNK1, PRF1, TBX21, TGFBR3, IFNGR2, IL1B, CFLAR, MAPK14, GNLY, CD14 and TGFBR2; or • all the 46 genes of Tables 2, 3 and 4, and (ii) optionally one or more housekeeping gene(s), (i) • the gene MKNK1; or • the genes MKNK1 and GNLY; or • the genes MKNK1, TBX21 and TGFBR3; or • the genes MKNK1, GNLY, and ADI1; or • the genes MKNK1, GNLY, ADI1, and IL1B; or • the genes MKNK1, GNLY, ADI1, IL1B, and IL1R1; or • the genes MKNK1, PRF1, TBX21, TGFBR3, IFNGR2, FYN, IL1B and CFLAR; or • the genes MKNK1, PRF1, TBX21, TGFBR3, IFNGR2, FYN, IL1B, CFLAR, MAPK14 and GNLY; or • the genes MKNK1, PRF1, TBX21, TGFBR3, IFNGR2, FYN, IL1B, CFLAR, CD14 and TGFBR2; or • the genes MKNK1, IFNGR2, IL1B, MAPK14, GNLY, and CD14; or • the genes MKNK1, PRF1, TBX21, TGFBR3, IFNGR2, IL1B, CFLAR, MAPK14, GNLY, CD14 and TGFBR2; or • all the 46 genes of Tables 2, 3 and 4, and • the gene MKNK1; or • the genes MKNK1 and GNLY; or • the genes MKNK1, TBX21 and TGFBR3; or • the genes MKNK1, GNLY, and ADI1; or • the genes MKNK1, GNLY, ADI1, and IL1B; or • the genes MKNK1, GNLY, ADI1, IL1B, and IL1R1; or • the genes MKNK1, PRF1, TBX21, TGFBR3, IFNGR2, FYN, IL1B and CFLAR; or • the genes MKNK1, PRF1, TBX21, TGFBR3, IFNGR2, FYN, IL1B, CFLAR, MAPK14 and GNLY; or • the genes MKNK1, PRF1, TBX21, TGFBR3, IFNGR2, FYN, IL1B, CFLAR, CD14 and TGFBR2; or • the genes MKNK1, IFNGR2, IL1B, MAPK14, GNLY, and CD14; or • the genes MKNK1, PRF1, TBX21, TGFBR3, IFNGR2, IL1B, CFLAR, MAPK14, GNLY, CD14 and TGFBR2; or • all the 46 genes of Tables 2, 3 and 4, and (ii) optionally one or more housekeeping gene(s), (b) comparing the obtained expression profile with at least one reference expression profile, and (c) determining the responding or non-responding phenotype from said comparison.