A bioreactor device equipped with a microfluidic or nanofluidic structure, comprising: a biological sample-extraction chamber for providing a biological sample to participate in a biological reaction, and comprising a liquid delivery tip disposed in the biological sample-extraction chamber; a reaction chamber for causing the biological sample biologically react with a reaction liquid to be biologically reacted with the biological sample; a microfluidic or nanofluidic structure for transferring the biological sample from the biological sample-extraction chamber to the reaction chamber; wherein the microfluidic or nanofluidic structure comprises a biological sample channel and a reaction liquid injection channel; wherein the biological sample-extraction chamber and the reaction chamber are in fluid communication with each other via the biological sample channel, and the reaction liquid is injected into the reaction chamber through the reaction liquid injection channel; wherein the microfluidic or nanofluidic structure further comprises a first valve for blocking or opening the biological sample channel and a second valve for blocking or opening the reaction liquid injection channel; wherein the bioreactor device further includes a decompression device, a decompression channel, and a third valve; wherein the decompression device and the decompression channel are disposed above the microfluidic or nanofluidic structure; wherein the decompression device is in fluid communication with the reaction chamber through the decompression channel; and wherein the third valve is used for blocking or opening the decompression channel; wherein the first valve, the second valve, and the third valve are integrated into one press-type valve; wherein when the valve button on the press-type valve is pressed, the channel of the press-type valve is in fluid communication with the biological sample channel with the biological sample channel being opened while the reaction liquid injection channel and the decompression channel being closed; and when the valve button on the press-type valve is pulled up, the channel of the valve is deviated from the biological sample channel, the biological sample channel is closed while the reaction liquid injection channel and the pressure reduction channel are opened; wherein the decompression device is a decompression pump which includes a piston push-pull structure. a biological sample-extraction chamber for providing a biological sample to participate in a biological reaction, and comprising a liquid delivery tip disposed in the biological sample-extraction chamber; a reaction chamber for causing the biological sample biologically react with a reaction liquid to be biologically reacted with the biological sample; a microfluidic or nanofluidic structure for transferring the biological sample from the biological sample-extraction chamber to the reaction chamber; wherein the microfluidic or nanofluidic structure comprises a biological sample channel and a reaction liquid injection channel; wherein the biological sample-extraction chamber and the reaction chamber are in fluid communication with each other via the biological sample channel, and the reaction liquid is injected into the reaction chamber through the reaction liquid injection channel; wherein the microfluidic or nanofluidic structure further comprises a first valve for blocking or opening the biological sample channel and a second valve for blocking or opening the reaction liquid injection channel; wherein the bioreactor device further includes a decompression device, a decompression channel, and a third valve; wherein the decompression device and the decompression channel are disposed above the microfluidic or nanofluidic structure; wherein the decompression device is in fluid communication with the reaction chamber through the decompression channel; and wherein the third valve is used for blocking or opening the decompression channel; wherein the first valve, the second valve, and the third valve are integrated into one press-type valve; wherein when the valve button on the press-type valve is pressed, the channel of the press-type valve is in fluid communication with the biological sample channel with the biological sample channel being opened while the reaction liquid injection channel and the decompression channel being closed; and when the valve button on the press-type valve is pulled up, the channel of the valve is deviated from the biological sample channel, the biological sample channel is closed while the reaction liquid injection channel and the pressure reduction channel are opened; wherein the decompression device is a decompression pump which includes a piston push-pull structure.