A vehicle power supply device comprising: a protection circuit unit comprising: at least one energization module (10, 10A-10C) configured to be disposed on an electric path (4, 5) between a power supply of a vehicle and a load receiving supply of power from the power supply, to open and close the electric path (4, 5); and a control board (20, 20A) configured to be a member separated from the energization module (10, 10A-10C) and electrically connected with the energization module (10, 10A-10C), to control opening and closing of the electric path (4, 5) on the basis of an energization current flowing through the electric path (4, 5), wherein the energization module (10, 10A-10C) includes: at least one semiconductor switch (Q1, Q2) opening and closing the electric path (4, 5); a bus bar (12, 12A, 12B, 32A, 32B) connected at one end with the power supply side and connected at the other end with the load side, with the semiconductor switch (Q1, Q2) interposed therebetween; and a control terminal connecting the semiconductor switch (Q1, Q2) with the control board (20, 20A), the control board (20, 20A) includes a connection unit corresponding to the control terminal of each of a plurality of types of the energization modules (10, 10A-10C), characterized in that the control board (20, 20A) has a mount surface on which a plurality of electronic components are mounted, the energization module (10, 10A-10C) is mounted on a surface of an opposite side to the mounting surface in the control board (20, 20A), and a housing containing the energization module (10, 10A-10C) and the control board (20, 20A) forming the protection circuit unit, wherein the housing includes an opening communicating with outside, the energization module (10, 10A-10C) includes a heat radiation surface (14a, 16a) on a side reverse to a mount surface of the control board (20, 20A) in a state in which the energization module (10, 10A-10C) is mounted on the control board (20, 20A), and the heat radiation surface (14a, 16a) faces the opening. at least one energization module (10, 10A-10C) configured to be disposed on an electric path (4, 5) between a power supply of a vehicle and a load receiving supply of power from the power supply, to open and close the electric path (4, 5); and a control board (20, 20A) configured to be a member separated from the energization module (10, 10A-10C) and electrically connected with the energization module (10, 10A-10C), to control opening and closing of the electric path (4, 5) on the basis of an energization current flowing through the electric path (4, 5), wherein the energization module (10, 10A-10C) includes: at least one semiconductor switch (Q1, Q2) opening and closing the electric path (4, 5); a bus bar (12, 12A, 12B, 32A, 32B) connected at one end with the power supply side and connected at the other end with the load side, with the semiconductor switch (Q1, Q2) interposed therebetween; and a control terminal connecting the semiconductor switch (Q1, Q2) with the control board (20, 20A), the control board (20, 20A) includes a connection unit corresponding to the control terminal of each of a plurality of types of the energization modules (10, 10A-10C), characterized in that the control board (20, 20A) has a mount surface on which a plurality of electronic components are mounted, the energization module (10, 10A-10C) is mounted on a surface of an opposite side to the mounting surface in the control board (20, 20A), and a housing containing the energization module (10, 10A-10C) and the control board (20, 20A) forming the protection circuit unit, wherein the housing includes an opening communicating with outside, the energization module (10, 10A-10C) includes a heat radiation surface (14a, 16a) on a side reverse to a mount surface of the control board (20, 20A) in a state in which the energization module (10, 10A-10C) is mounted on the control board (20, 20A), and the heat radiation surface (14a, 16a) faces the opening. at least one semiconductor switch (Q1, Q2) opening and closing the electric path (4, 5); a bus bar (12, 12A, 12B, 32A, 32B) connected at one end with the power supply side and connected at the other end with the load side, with the semiconductor switch (Q1, Q2) interposed therebetween; and a control terminal connecting the semiconductor switch (Q1, Q2) with the control board (20, 20A), the control board (20, 20A) includes a connection unit corresponding to the control terminal of each of a plurality of types of the energization modules (10, 10A-10C), characterized in that the control board (20, 20A) has a mount surface on which a plurality of electronic components are mounted, the energization module (10, 10A-10C) is mounted on a surface of an opposite side to the mounting surface in the control board (20, 20A), and a housing containing the energization module (10, 10A-10C) and the control board (20, 20A) forming the protection circuit unit, wherein the housing includes an opening communicating with outside, the energization module (10, 10A-10C) includes a heat radiation surface (14a, 16a) on a side reverse to a mount surface of the control board (20, 20A) in a state in which the energization module (10, 10A-10C) is mounted on the control board (20, 20A), and the heat radiation surface (14a, 16a) faces the opening.