A personal radiation dosimetry system comprising a personal radiation dosimeter for estimating an effective dose of an adult human wearing a radioprotective garment, the personal radiation dosimeter comprising: - a structural support element adapted for attaching to an exterior surface of said radioprotective garment while worn, such that a back surface of the structural support element is configured to face toward the body of said adult human and a front surface of the structural support element is configured to face away from said body, and - at least two ionizing radiation detectors (5,6) housed in or attached onto said structural support element, each ionizing radiation detector having a different dose response as a function of a photon energy and an angle of incidence of radiation with respect to a reference direction from said front surface to said back surface, the personal radiation dosimetry system being characterized in comprising a processing device configured for estimating an effective dose registered by said personal radiation dosimeter by calculating a predetermined linear combination of dose values collected by each of the at least two ionizing radiation detectors, wherein said predetermined linear combination of the dose responses of said at least two ionizing radiation detectors corresponds to an estimate in the range of 40% to 160% of the effective dose received by said adult human under each of a plurality of reference exposure conditions, the effective dose for each of the plurality of reference exposure conditions being determined experimentally or by simulations, wherein said plurality of reference exposure conditions comprises at least an exposure to a planar photon wave propagating in said reference direction, an exposure to a planar photon wave propagating along a direction at an angle of 45° with said reference direction and an exposure to a planar photon wave propagating along a direction at an angle of 60° with said reference direction, and wherein each of said planar photon waves has an energy distribution corresponding to one of the following: an X-ray radiation quality obtainable by a peak X-ray tube voltage of 80 kV and filtered by 0.50 mm Cu and 4.00 mm Al, said X-ray radiation quality corresponding to the wide X-ray spectrum W-80 as defined by the ISO 4037-1 standard, an X-ray radiation quality obtainable by a peak X-ray tube voltage of 60 kV and filtered by 0.60 mm Cu and 4.00 mm Al, said X-ray radiation quality corresponding to the narrow X-ray spectrum N-60 as defined by the ISO 4037-1 standard, and an X-ray radiation quality obtainable by a peak X-ray tube voltage of 60 kV and filtered by 0.30 mm Cu and 4.00 mm Al, said X-ray radiation quality corresponding to the wide X-ray spectrum W-60 as defined by the ISO 4037-1 standard. - a structural support element adapted for attaching to an exterior surface of said radioprotective garment while worn, such that a back surface of the structural support element is configured to face toward the body of said adult human and a front surface of the structural support element is configured to face away from said body, and - at least two ionizing radiation detectors (5,6) housed in or attached onto said structural support element, each ionizing radiation detector having a different dose response as a function of a photon energy and an angle of incidence of radiation with respect to a reference direction from said front surface to said back surface, the personal radiation dosimetry system being characterized in comprising a processing device configured for estimating an effective dose registered by said personal radiation dosimeter by calculating a predetermined linear combination of dose values collected by each of the at least two ionizing radiation detectors, an X-ray radiation quality obtainable by a peak X-ray tube voltage of 80 kV and filtered by 0.50 mm Cu and 4.00 mm Al, said X-ray radiation quality corresponding to the wide X-ray spectrum W-80 as defined by the ISO 4037-1 standard, an X-ray radiation quality obtainable by a peak X-ray tube voltage of 60 kV and filtered by 0.60 mm Cu and 4.00 mm Al, said X-ray radiation quality corresponding to the narrow X-ray spectrum N-60 as defined by the ISO 4037-1 standard, and an X-ray radiation quality obtainable by a peak X-ray tube voltage of 60 kV and filtered by 0.30 mm Cu and 4.00 mm Al, said X-ray radiation quality corresponding to the wide X-ray spectrum W-60 as defined by the ISO 4037-1 standard.