mhurhangee/ep-ind-claims huggingface dataset:
A method for achieving a hybrid combustion mode of an internal combustion engine, the method comprising: directly injecting a fuel into a cylinder; starting up the internal combustion engine through a spark ignition combustion mode to preheat the cylinder and an air distribution system of the engine, and employing a turbocharger to improve an intake temperature and an intake pressure of the cylinder; running the internal combustion engine through a nonhomogeneous charge compression ignition combustion mode, during which throttle valves are opened unless the engine flames out, so that air flow of the engine is not restricted by the throttle valves, closing a decompression valve of the turbocharger, and employing the turbocharger to improve an air inflation volume thereby increasing a temperature and pressure at an end of a compression stroke of the cylinder; periodically attempting to switch the combustion mode from the spark ignition combustion mode to the compression ignition combustion mode when the engine runs at a low load, or the compression ignition combustion mode cannot be ensured according to a water tank temperature and an upstream intake pressure of the throttle valves, maintaining the compression ignition combustion mode when working conditions for the compression ignition combustion mode are satisfied, and returning to the spark ignition combustion mode when the working conditions for the compression ignition combustion mode are not satisfied and a rotational speed of the engine decreases abnormally; wherein a gasoline having octane number of less than 69 is employed. directly injecting a fuel into a cylinder; starting up the internal combustion engine through a spark ignition combustion mode to preheat the cylinder and an air distribution system of the engine, and employing a turbocharger to improve an intake temperature and an intake pressure of the cylinder; running the internal combustion engine through a nonhomogeneous charge compression ignition combustion mode, during which throttle valves are opened unless the engine flames out, so that air flow of the engine is not restricted by the throttle valves, closing a decompression valve of the turbocharger, and employing the turbocharger to improve an air inflation volume thereby increasing a temperature and pressure at an end of a compression stroke of the cylinder; periodically attempting to switch the combustion mode from the spark ignition combustion mode to the compression ignition combustion mode when the engine runs at a low load, or the compression ignition combustion mode cannot be ensured according to a water tank temperature and an upstream intake pressure of the throttle valves, maintaining the compression ignition combustion mode when working conditions for the compression ignition combustion mode are satisfied, and returning to the spark ignition combustion mode when the working conditions for the compression ignition combustion mode are not satisfied and a rotational speed of the engine decreases abnormally; wherein a gasoline having octane number of less than 69 is employed.
A piston for an internal combustion engine, the piston comprising: a first part which is formed of steel; and a second part which is joined to the first part via an annular joining layer (a) and is formed of an aluminum alloy, wherein a thickness of the joining layer is 1.0 μm to 20.0 μm on both an inner circumferential side and an outer circumferential side of the joining layer. a first part which is formed of steel; and a second part which is joined to the first part via an annular joining layer (a) and is formed of an aluminum alloy, wherein a thickness of the joining layer is 1.0 μm to 20.0 μm on both an inner circumferential side and an outer circumferential side of the joining layer.
A data reception process comprising: receiving a plurality of data frames from an external network via a network interface, and transferring each of the data frames from the network interface to a receive buffer allocated within memory of a host computing system via an internal system bus, the network interface autonomously allocating a location in the receive buffer for the data frames without intervention from the host computing system and transferring each of the received data frames from the network interface to the receive buffer using an open-loop write protocol that writes data frames to the receive buffer without receiving confirmation that data in the receive buffer has been processed; and writing the received data frames successively to a continuous memory range within the receive buffer. receiving a plurality of data frames from an external network via a network interface, and transferring each of the data frames from the network interface to a receive buffer allocated within memory of a host computing system via an internal system bus, the network interface autonomously allocating a location in the receive buffer for the data frames without intervention from the host computing system and transferring each of the received data frames from the network interface to the receive buffer using an open-loop write protocol that writes data frames to the receive buffer without receiving confirmation that data in the receive buffer has been processed; and writing the received data frames successively to a continuous memory range within the receive buffer.
A method for encrypting a message performed at an encrypting device, the method comprising: generating a random nonce; generating a commitment message based upon the message and the random nonce; selecting one or more cryptographic devices from a network of cryptographic devices, the one or more cryptographic devices respectively storing one or more secret shares that are generated from a secret value; transmitting the commitment message to the one or more cryptographic devices; receiving, from each of the one or more cryptographic devices, one or more partial computations corresponding to a key generation seed, the partial computations being generated using the one or more secret shares and the commitment message; generating an additional partial computation corresponding to the key generation seed, the additional partial computation being generated using the commitment message and a secret share stored on the encrypting device; generating the key generation seed based on the one or more partial computations and the additional partial computation; generating a cryptographic key based upon the key generation seed; encrypting, using the cryptographic key, the message and the random nonce to produce a ciphertext message; and generating a ciphertext payload comprising the commitment message and the ciphertext message. generating a random nonce; generating a commitment message based upon the message and the random nonce; selecting one or more cryptographic devices from a network of cryptographic devices, the one or more cryptographic devices respectively storing one or more secret shares that are generated from a secret value; transmitting the commitment message to the one or more cryptographic devices; receiving, from each of the one or more cryptographic devices, one or more partial computations corresponding to a key generation seed, the partial computations being generated using the one or more secret shares and the commitment message; generating an additional partial computation corresponding to the key generation seed, the additional partial computation being generated using the commitment message and a secret share stored on the encrypting device; generating the key generation seed based on the one or more partial computations and the additional partial computation; generating a cryptographic key based upon the key generation seed; encrypting, using the cryptographic key, the message and the random nonce to produce a ciphertext message; and generating a ciphertext payload comprising the commitment message and the ciphertext message.
Process for the preparation of a self-setting calcium phosphate foam, characterized in that it comprises a single step of simultaneous mixing and foaming a powder phase and a liquid phase, wherein the powder phase comprises at least one calcium source and at least one phosphate source, wherein the liquid phase is an aqueous solution, wherein the powder phase, the liquid phase or both contain at least one additive selected from the group consisting of surfactants and foaming agents, and wherein the mixing and simultaneous foaming are performed by back-and-forth movements of the material through a narrow connection between two containers, one of them initially containing the powder phase and the other one the liquid phase.
A method for geographically locating a cellular device, the method comprising: determining an effective cell-area (901, 902) for each of a first cell-sector and a second cell-sector in a cellular network, wherein the determining an effective cell-area for each cell-sector comprises determining an effective radius of the cell-sector to determine a sector-area and extending the sector-area by extending an edge of the sector based on a relationship of relative positions and orientations of a first antenna of the first cell-sector and a second antenna of the second cell-sector; and determining a handover area within which the cellular device is likely to be located when control of the cellular device is transferred from the first cell-sector to the second cell-sector, the handover area comprising at least part of an intersection between the effective cell-area of the first cell-sector and the effective cell-area of the second cell-sector. determining an effective cell-area (901, 902) for each of a first cell-sector and a second cell-sector in a cellular network, wherein the determining an effective cell-area for each cell-sector comprises determining an effective radius of the cell-sector to determine a sector-area and extending the sector-area by extending an edge of the sector based on a relationship of relative positions and orientations of a first antenna of the first cell-sector and a second antenna of the second cell-sector; and determining a handover area within which the cellular device is likely to be located when control of the cellular device is transferred from the first cell-sector to the second cell-sector, the handover area comprising at least part of an intersection between the effective cell-area of the first cell-sector and the effective cell-area of the second cell-sector.
Device for operating local electrical field elements (17,18) arranged on a railway track, having a signal box which exchanges information with the local field elements (17,18) by means of data telegrams, a data transport network which is coupled to the signal box and is connected to the local field elements, an energy transport network to which the local field elements (17,18) are connected and which supplies the local field elements (17,18) with electrical energy, wherein the energy transport network has energy feed-in points (9,10,12,13) which are arranged in a distributed manner along an energy bus structure of the energy transport network, and the energy feed-in points (9,10,12,13) can be supplied with corresponding electrical power by at least one independent energy infeed (6,7), characterised in that in the course of the at least one energy infeed (6,7) a monitoring device (4,5) is arranged on the input side, from which an interference signal (S1,52) of the energy infeed (6,7) can be emitted to the signal box, and the signal box is suitable for restricting a quantity of simultaneously actuatable field elements (17,18) of the local field elements (17,18) using the interference signal (S1,S2), in each case on an energy-related basis. the energy transport network has energy feed-in points (9,10,12,13) which are arranged in a distributed manner along an energy bus structure of the energy transport network, and the energy feed-in points (9,10,12,13) can be supplied with corresponding electrical power by at least one independent energy infeed (6,7),
A dental prosthesis system with a dental implant and with a prosthetic structure mountable on the dental implant, in which the dental implant and the prosthetic structure have a central receiving channel for a connecting screw, wherein the dental implant, for mounting the prosthetic structure, forms a bearing face as a support face for the prosthetic structure, and the prosthetic structure forms a base face adapted in terms of its contour to the bearing face, and wherein the bearing face and the base face (52, 54) are provided with a guide pairing, which comprises a guide rib formed integrally on the dental implant or the prosthetic structure and a corresponding guide groove formed in the respective other component (32 or 34) and capable of being brought into a form fit with said guide rib, wherein the guide rib is embodied in the manner of an annular bead with a peripheral, closed contour, and wherein the two lateral edges (62, 64) of the guide rib have a contour adapted to one another, so that the guide rib in plan view forms a peripheral band of approximately uniform width, characterised in that the outer lateral edge and the inner lateral edge of the guide rib, as viewed in the profile of the guide rib, are not oriented parallel to one another, optionally wherein the outer lateral edge of the guide rib is inclined relative to a plane normal to the longitudinal axis of the dental implant by a flank angle (α), and wherein the inner lateral edge of the guide rib is inclined relative to said plane by a flank angle (β).
An injection device comprising: an elongate housing; a cap removably mounted over a forward end of the housing; the cap comprising an outer body and an insert which is mounted at least partially within the outer body to assemble the cap, the insert comprising at least one slot extending forwardly from its rear edge; the at least one slot being configured to engage with an outwardly projecting protrusion on an outer surface of the housing when the cap is mounted on the housing; wherein a rearward portion of the insert includes rearwardly extending engagement features provided on each side of the at least one slot, the engagement features being configured to locate within a cavity in the housing when the cap is mounted on the housing; wherein the cavity is provided with corresponding surfaces which align with the rearwardly extending engagement features to prevent, or limit, the side walls of the at least one slot from splaying outwardly when the cap engagement features are located within the cavity, so as to hold the outwardly projecting protrusion within the slot; an elongate housing; a cap removably mounted over a forward end of the housing; the cap comprising an outer body and an insert which is mounted at least partially within the outer body to assemble the cap, the insert comprising at least one slot extending forwardly from its rear edge; the at least one slot being configured to engage with an outwardly projecting protrusion on an outer surface of the housing when the cap is mounted on the housing; wherein a rearward portion of the insert includes rearwardly extending engagement features provided on each side of the at least one slot, the engagement features being configured to locate within a cavity in the housing when the cap is mounted on the housing; wherein the cavity is provided with corresponding surfaces which align with the rearwardly extending engagement features to prevent, or limit, the side walls of the at least one slot from splaying outwardly when the cap engagement features are located within the cavity, so as to hold the outwardly projecting protrusion within the slot;
A slide-out system for being mounted to a recreational vehicle having an internal compartment to receive users and including an outer wall, the slide-out system including: a slide-out portion being arranged to be mounted to the recreational vehicle and movable between open and closed positions, wherein the slide-out portion includes an outer wall, wherein in closed position of the slide-out portion, the outer wall of the slide-out portion is flush with the outer wall of the recreational vehicle; characterized in that the slide-out system includes a mounting structure having a peripheral frame; wherein the slide-out system includes a drive mechanism mounted between the slide-out portion and the peripheral frame for moving the slide-out portion in and out of the vehicle and wherein the peripheral frame is arranged to be secured to the outer wall of the vehicle, and for supporting the slide-out portion. a slide-out portion being arranged to be mounted to the recreational vehicle and movable between open and closed positions, wherein the slide-out portion includes an outer wall, wherein in closed position of the slide-out portion, the outer wall of the slide-out portion is flush with the outer wall of the recreational vehicle; characterized in that the slide-out system includes a mounting structure having a peripheral frame; wherein the slide-out system includes a drive mechanism mounted between the slide-out portion and the peripheral frame for moving the slide-out portion in and out of the vehicle and wherein the peripheral frame is arranged to be secured to the outer wall of the vehicle, and for supporting the slide-out portion.
An apparatus for use in treating a blood vessel, the apparatus comprising: a heating coil adapted to receive power from a power source, said heating coil being insulated to prevent electrical contact with any tissue adjacent to the heating coil; a temperature sensor configured to measure the temperature of said heating coil, said temperature being relevant to heat energy coupling between said heating coil and a blood vessel wall; characterized in further comprising: a module in communication with said temperature sensor, said module configured to determine whether proper heat energy coupling exists between said heating coil and said blood vessel wall, based on said heating coil temperature within a first time interval, wherein a low heating coil temperature indicates improper heat energy coupling; said module further configured to determine whether proper heat coupling exists between said heating coil and said blood vessel wall, based on said heating coil temperature within a second time interval following the first time interval, wherein a low heating coil temperature indicates improper heat energy coupling; and a warning device in communication with said module, said module further configured to cause the warning device to provide a warning and/or terminate power delivery if improper heat energy coupling is found to exist. a heating coil adapted to receive power from a power source, said heating coil being insulated to prevent electrical contact with any tissue adjacent to the heating coil; a temperature sensor configured to measure the temperature of said heating coil, said temperature being relevant to heat energy coupling between said heating coil and a blood vessel wall; characterized in further comprising: a module in communication with said temperature sensor, said module configured to determine whether proper heat energy coupling exists between said heating coil and said blood vessel wall, based on said heating coil temperature within a first time interval, wherein a low heating coil temperature indicates improper heat energy coupling; a module in communication with said temperature sensor, said module configured to determine whether proper heat energy coupling exists between said heating coil and said blood vessel wall, based on said heating coil temperature within a first time interval, wherein a low heating coil temperature indicates improper heat energy coupling; said module further configured to determine whether proper heat coupling exists between said heating coil and said blood vessel wall, based on said heating coil temperature within a second time interval following the first time interval, wherein a low heating coil temperature indicates improper heat energy coupling; and a warning device in communication with said module, said module further configured to cause the warning device to provide a warning and/or terminate power delivery if improper heat energy coupling is found to exist.
A power converter control method for controlling a direct-type AC power converter, said direct-type AC power converter comprising: a rectifier circuit having a first AC voltage (Vr, Vs, Vt) inputted thereto and outputting a rectified voltage (Vdc); and a voltage-source inverter having said rectified voltage inputted thereto and outputting a second AC voltage (Vu, Vv, Vw), characterised in that controlling said voltage-source inverter with a voltage control rate Ks having a DC component Ks1 and an AC component Ks6·cos(6ω L t) whose frequency 6φ/2πt is six times a fundamental frequency φ/2πt of said second AC voltage, with w L being the fundamental angular frequency of the second AC voltage, φ being the phase of the second AC voltage and t being the time. a rectifier circuit having a first AC voltage (Vr, Vs, Vt) inputted thereto and outputting a rectified voltage (Vdc); and a voltage-source inverter having said rectified voltage inputted thereto and outputting a second AC voltage (Vu, Vv, Vw), characterised in that controlling said voltage-source inverter with a voltage control rate Ks having a DC component Ks1 and an AC component Ks6·cos(6ω L t) whose frequency 6φ/2πt is six times a fundamental frequency φ/2πt of said second AC voltage, with w L being the fundamental angular frequency of the second AC voltage, φ being the phase of the second AC voltage and t being the time.
An assembly for securely mounting a rifle scope display adapter 'RDA' to the front of a scope body, the scope body having a threaded interior surface and an external surface, the assembly comprising: a first ring configured to be coupled to the RDA and the scope body, wherein: the first ring comprises a threaded exterior surface that is configured to mate with the threaded interior surface of the scope body; and the first ring is configured to be coupled to the RDA such that the first ring can rotate around a center axis of the first ring; and a second ring configured to be coupled to the RDA and scope body, wherein: the second ring is configured such that the external surface of the scope body fits within the second ring; and said second ring is configured to cause radial pressure to be exerted against the external surface of the scope body. a first ring configured to be coupled to the RDA and the scope body, wherein: the first ring comprises a threaded exterior surface that is configured to mate with the threaded interior surface of the scope body; and the first ring is configured to be coupled to the RDA such that the first ring can rotate around a center axis of the first ring; and the first ring comprises a threaded exterior surface that is configured to mate with the threaded interior surface of the scope body; and the first ring is configured to be coupled to the RDA such that the first ring can rotate around a center axis of the first ring; and a second ring configured to be coupled to the RDA and scope body, wherein: the second ring is configured such that the external surface of the scope body fits within the second ring; and said second ring is configured to cause radial pressure to be exerted against the external surface of the scope body. the second ring is configured such that the external surface of the scope body fits within the second ring; and said second ring is configured to cause radial pressure to be exerted against the external surface of the scope body.