A retransmission method for a Relay Station, RS (210, 302), in a wireless communication system using relaying, the method comprising: checking uplink scheduling information (311, 313) about resources in which a mobile station, MS (220, 304), will transmit uplink data to a base station (200, 300); monitoring, by the RS (210, 302), data (315, 317, 331, 333) transmitted from the MS (220, 304) to the base station, BS (200, 300), according to the uplink scheduling information (311, 313, 327, 329); checking (319, 335, 507), by the RS (210, 302), for errors in the data transmitted from the MS (220, 304) to the BS (200, 300); receiving scheduling information from the BS (200, 300) allowing the RS (210, 302) to report whether the data transmitted from the MS (220, 304) to the BS (200, 300) has errors; generating error report information indicating whether the data has errors; and transmitting the error report information to the BS (200, 300), according to the scheduling information, wherein if an ACKnowledgment, ACK, representing the absence of errors in the data, is transmitted from the RS (210, 302) to the BS (200, 300), the method further comprises: checking scheduling information received from the BS (200, 300) allowing the RS (210, 302) to transmit the data received from the MS (220, 304) to the BS (200, 300); transmitting, by the RS (210, 302), the data received from the MS (220, 304) to the BS (200, 300) according to the scheduling information; and retransmitting, by the RS (210, 302), the data to the BS (200, 300), upon receipt of a retransmission request signal from the BS (200, 300). checking uplink scheduling information (311, 313) about resources in which a mobile station, MS (220, 304), will transmit uplink data to a base station (200, 300); monitoring, by the RS (210, 302), data (315, 317, 331, 333) transmitted from the MS (220, 304) to the base station, BS (200, 300), according to the uplink scheduling information (311, 313, 327, 329); checking (319, 335, 507), by the RS (210, 302), for errors in the data transmitted from the MS (220, 304) to the BS (200, 300); receiving scheduling information from the BS (200, 300) allowing the RS (210, 302) to report whether the data transmitted from the MS (220, 304) to the BS (200, 300) has errors; generating error report information indicating whether the data has errors; and transmitting the error report information to the BS (200, 300), according to the scheduling information, wherein if an ACKnowledgment, ACK, representing the absence of errors in the data, is transmitted from the RS (210, 302) to the BS (200, 300), the method further comprises: checking scheduling information received from the BS (200, 300) allowing the RS (210, 302) to transmit the data received from the MS (220, 304) to the BS (200, 300); transmitting, by the RS (210, 302), the data received from the MS (220, 304) to the BS (200, 300) according to the scheduling information; and retransmitting, by the RS (210, 302), the data to the BS (200, 300), upon receipt of a retransmission request signal from the BS (200, 300). checking scheduling information received from the BS (200, 300) allowing the RS (210, 302) to transmit the data received from the MS (220, 304) to the BS (200, 300); transmitting, by the RS (210, 302), the data received from the MS (220, 304) to the BS (200, 300) according to the scheduling information; and retransmitting, by the RS (210, 302), the data to the BS (200, 300), upon receipt of a retransmission request signal from the BS (200, 300).