A method for processing a high dynamic range image, wherein the method comprises: obtaining brightness information relative to a color component of an image; the method being characterized by, performing the following processing on the brightness information, to obtain processed image information: L ′ = a pL p − 1 L + 1 m + b, wherein a, b, m, and p are rational numbers, L is the brightness information of the image, and L' is the processed image information; quantizing the processed image information, to obtain quantized image information; and encoding the quantized image information, to obtain encoded image information; wherein that a, b, m, and p are rational numbers comprises: a=1.12672, b=-0.12672, m=0.14, and p=2.2; or a=1.19996, b=-0.19996, m=0.11, and p=1.1; or a=1.17053, b=-0.17053, m=0.12, and p=1.4; or a=1.14698, b=-0.14698, m=0.13, and p=1.8; or a=1.11007, b=-0.11007, m=0.15, and p=2.7; or a=1.12762, b=-0.127622, m=0.14, and p=2.3; or a=1.13014, b=-0.13014, m=0.14, and p=2.6; or a=1.11204, b=-0.112042, m=0.15, and p=3; or a=1.09615, b=-0.0961462, m=0.16, and p=3.3; or a=1.2441, b=-0.2441, m=0.1, and p=1.1; or a=1.20228, b=-0.20228, m=0.11, and p=1.2; or a=1.17529, b=-0.17529, m=0.12, and p=1.7; or a=1.14933, b=-0.14933, m=0.13, and p=2; or a=1.12762, b=-0.12762, m=0.14, and p=2.3; or a=1.11204, b=-0.11204, m=0.15, and p=3; or a=1.09615, b=-0.09615, m=0.16, and p=3.3. obtaining brightness information relative to a color component of an image; the method being characterized by, performing the following processing on the brightness information, to obtain processed image information: L ′ = a pL p − 1 L + 1 m + b, wherein a, b, m, and p are rational numbers, L is the brightness information of the image, and L' is the processed image information; quantizing the processed image information, to obtain quantized image information; and encoding the quantized image information, to obtain encoded image information; wherein that a, b, m, and p are rational numbers comprises: a=1.12672, b=-0.12672, m=0.14, and p=2.2; or a=1.19996, b=-0.19996, m=0.11, and p=1.1; or a=1.17053, b=-0.17053, m=0.12, and p=1.4; or a=1.14698, b=-0.14698, m=0.13, and p=1.8; or a=1.11007, b=-0.11007, m=0.15, and p=2.7; or a=1.12762, b=-0.127622, m=0.14, and p=2.3; or a=1.13014, b=-0.13014, m=0.14, and p=2.6; or a=1.11204, b=-0.112042, m=0.15, and p=3; or a=1.09615, b=-0.0961462, m=0.16, and p=3.3; or a=1.2441, b=-0.2441, m=0.1, and p=1.1; or a=1.20228, b=-0.20228, m=0.11, and p=1.2; or a=1.17529, b=-0.17529, m=0.12, and p=1.7; or a=1.14933, b=-0.14933, m=0.13, and p=2; or a=1.12762, b=-0.12762, m=0.14, and p=2.3; or a=1.11204, b=-0.11204, m=0.15, and p=3; or a=1.09615, b=-0.09615, m=0.16, and p=3.3. a=1.12672, b=-0.12672, m=0.14, and p=2.2; or a=1.19996, b=-0.19996, m=0.11, and p=1.1; or a=1.17053, b=-0.17053, m=0.12, and p=1.4; or a=1.14698, b=-0.14698, m=0.13, and p=1.8; or a=1.11007, b=-0.11007, m=0.15, and p=2.7; or a=1.12762, b=-0.127622, m=0.14, and p=2.3; or a=1.13014, b=-0.13014, m=0.14, and p=2.6; or a=1.11204, b=-0.112042, m=0.15, and p=3; or a=1.09615, b=-0.0961462, m=0.16, and p=3.3; or a=1.2441, b=-0.2441, m=0.1, and p=1.1; or a=1.20228, b=-0.20228, m=0.11, and p=1.2; or a=1.17529, b=-0.17529, m=0.12, and p=1.7; or a=1.14933, b=-0.14933, m=0.13, and p=2; or a=1.12762, b=-0.12762, m=0.14, and p=2.3; or a=1.11204, b=-0.11204, m=0.15, and p=3; or a=1.09615, b=-0.09615, m=0.16, and p=3.3.