A method for acquiring a muscle biomechanical parameter of a single skeletal muscle based on an ultrasonic elastomyogram, the method comprising: synchronously collecting a dynamic myodynamics image sequence and a dynamic elasticity image sequence of a single skeletal muscle under continuous stretching; acquiring a myodynamics parameter corresponding to each myodynamics image in the dynamic myodynamics image sequence and an elasticity modulus value corresponding to each elasticity image in the dynamic elasticity image sequence respectively; and generating an ultrasonic elastomyogram curve, with the myodynamics parameter as the abscissa and the synchronized elasticity modulus value as the ordinate, and estimating the muscle biomechanical parameter based on the ultrasonic elastomyogram curve; the method further comprises the following after the generating the ultrasonic elastomyogram curve with the myodynamics parameter as the abscissa and the synchronized elasticity modulus value as the ordinate, and before the estimating the muscle biomechanical parameter based on the ultrasonic elastomyogram curve: determining whether the ultrasonic elastomyogram curve matches with a preset mechanical model curve, and if yes, performing the step of estimating the muscle biomechanical parameter based on the ultrasonic elastomyogram curve; wherein the myodynamics images comprise displacement images, the myodynamics parameter comprises a stretching length or a strain of the single skeletal muscle, and wherein the estimating the muscle biomechanical parameter based on the ultrasonic elastomyogram curve comprises: acquiring a model formula corresponding to the ultrasonic elastomyogram curve and each of parameters in the model formula; determining, according to the parameters, the length of the single skeletal muscle in a relaxed state, an elasticity modulus value corresponding to the length of the single skeletal muscle in the relaxed state, and an extension degree of the single skeletal muscle, the extension degree being a difference between a maximum stretching length of the single skeletal muscle and the length of the single skeletal muscle in the relaxed state; and applying a Gauss-Newton iterative method to the model formula to determine a hardness index of the single skeletal muscle, when the length of the skeletal muscle is greater than the length of the single skeletal muscle in the relaxed state; wherein the hardness index of the single skeletal muscle is said muscle biomechanical parameter to be estimated. synchronously collecting a dynamic myodynamics image sequence and a dynamic elasticity image sequence of a single skeletal muscle under continuous stretching; acquiring a myodynamics parameter corresponding to each myodynamics image in the dynamic myodynamics image sequence and an elasticity modulus value corresponding to each elasticity image in the dynamic elasticity image sequence respectively; and generating an ultrasonic elastomyogram curve, with the myodynamics parameter as the abscissa and the synchronized elasticity modulus value as the ordinate, and estimating the muscle biomechanical parameter based on the ultrasonic elastomyogram curve; the method further comprises the following after the generating the ultrasonic elastomyogram curve with the myodynamics parameter as the abscissa and the synchronized elasticity modulus value as the ordinate, and before the estimating the muscle biomechanical parameter based on the ultrasonic elastomyogram curve: determining whether the ultrasonic elastomyogram curve matches with a preset mechanical model curve, and if yes, performing the step of estimating the muscle biomechanical parameter based on the ultrasonic elastomyogram curve; wherein the myodynamics images comprise displacement images, the myodynamics parameter comprises a stretching length or a strain of the single skeletal muscle, and wherein the estimating the muscle biomechanical parameter based on the ultrasonic elastomyogram curve comprises: acquiring a model formula corresponding to the ultrasonic elastomyogram curve and each of parameters in the model formula; determining, according to the parameters, the length of the single skeletal muscle in a relaxed state, an elasticity modulus value corresponding to the length of the single skeletal muscle in the relaxed state, and an extension degree of the single skeletal muscle, the extension degree being a difference between a maximum stretching length of the single skeletal muscle and the length of the single skeletal muscle in the relaxed state; and applying a Gauss-Newton iterative method to the model formula to determine a hardness index of the single skeletal muscle, when the length of the skeletal muscle is greater than the length of the single skeletal muscle in the relaxed state; wherein the hardness index of the single skeletal muscle is said muscle biomechanical parameter to be estimated.