Cosmetic composition comprising: - one or more dicarbonyl compounds corresponding to formula below, and/or hydrates thereof and/or salts thereof: in which formula: R represents an atom or group chosen from i) hydrogen, ii) carboxy -C -OH, iii) linear or branched C 1 -C 6 alkyl which is optionally substituted, preferably with at least one hydroxyl -OH radical, carboxy -C -OH radical or halogen such as Br; iv) optionally substituted phenyl, v) optionally substituted benzyl, iv) and v) preferably being optionally substituted with at least one -OH or -C -OH radical; vi) an indolyl radical and vii) an imidazolylmethyl radical and tautomers thereof such as with * representing the part linked to the rest of the molecule, - one or more silanes corresponding to formula below and/or oligomers thereof: R 1 Si(OR 2) z (R 3) x y in which formula: • R 1 is a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, cyclic or acyclic C 1 -C 6 hydrocarbon-based chain substituted with a group chosen from the following groups: - amine NH 2 or NHR (R = C 1 -C 20 and especially C 1 -C 6 alkyl optionally substituted with a radical comprising a silicon atom, C 3 -C 40 cycloalkyl or C 6 -C 30 aromatic), - or with a hydroxyl group, - a thiol group, - an aryl or aryloxy group which is unsubstituted or substituted, in particular with an amino group or with a C 1 -C 4 aminoalkyl group; R 1 possibly being interrupted with a heteroatom (O, S or NH) or a carbonyl group, • R 2 and R 3, which may be identical or different, represent a linear or branched alkyl group comprising from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, • y denotes an integer ranging from 0 to 3, and • z denotes an integer ranging from 0 to 3, and • x denotes an integer ranging from 0 to 2, with z + x + y = 3. - one or more dicarbonyl compounds corresponding to formula below, and/or hydrates thereof and/or salts thereof: in which formula: R represents an atom or group chosen from i) hydrogen, ii) carboxy -C -OH, iii) linear or branched C 1 -C 6 alkyl which is optionally substituted, preferably with at least one hydroxyl -OH radical, carboxy -C -OH radical or halogen such as Br; iv) optionally substituted phenyl, v) optionally substituted benzyl, iv) and v) preferably being optionally substituted with at least one -OH or -C -OH radical; vi) an indolyl radical and vii) an imidazolylmethyl radical and tautomers thereof such as with * representing the part linked to the rest of the molecule, - one or more silanes corresponding to formula below and/or oligomers thereof: R 1 Si(OR 2) z (R 3) x y in which formula: • R 1 is a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, cyclic or acyclic C 1 -C 6 hydrocarbon-based chain substituted with a group chosen from the following groups: - amine NH 2 or NHR (R = C 1 -C 20 and especially C 1 -C 6 alkyl optionally substituted with a radical comprising a silicon atom, C 3 -C 40 cycloalkyl or C 6 -C 30 aromatic), - or with a hydroxyl group, - a thiol group, - an aryl or aryloxy group which is unsubstituted or substituted, in particular with an amino group or with a C 1 -C 4 aminoalkyl group; R 1 possibly being interrupted with a heteroatom (O, S or NH) or a carbonyl group, • R 2 and R 3, which may be identical or different, represent a linear or branched alkyl group comprising from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, • y denotes an integer ranging from 0 to 3, and • z denotes an integer ranging from 0 to 3, and • x denotes an integer ranging from 0 to 2, • R 1 is a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, cyclic or acyclic C 1 -C 6 hydrocarbon-based chain substituted with a group chosen from the following groups: - amine NH 2 or NHR (R = C 1 -C 20 and especially C 1 -C 6 alkyl optionally substituted with a radical comprising a silicon atom, C 3 -C 40 cycloalkyl or C 6 -C 30 aromatic), - or with a hydroxyl group, - a thiol group, - an aryl or aryloxy group which is unsubstituted or substituted, in particular with an amino group or with a C 1 -C 4 aminoalkyl group; R 1 possibly being interrupted with a heteroatom (O, S or NH) or a carbonyl group, - amine NH 2 or NHR (R = C 1 -C 20 and especially C 1 -C 6 alkyl optionally substituted with a radical comprising a silicon atom, C 3 -C 40 cycloalkyl or C 6 -C 30 aromatic), - or with a hydroxyl group, - a thiol group, - an aryl or aryloxy group which is unsubstituted or substituted, in particular with an amino group or with a C 1 -C 4 aminoalkyl group; • R 2 and R 3, which may be identical or different, represent a linear or branched alkyl group comprising from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, • y denotes an integer ranging from 0 to 3, and • z denotes an integer ranging from 0 to 3, and • x denotes an integer ranging from 0 to 2,