A process for producing at least one wherein the process comprises: (i) combining at least one with at least one halogenating agent to produce at least one (ii) combining the at least one Compound III with at least one cyanating agent to produce at least one and; (iii) combining the at least one Compound IV with at least one hydrating agent and/or at least one hydrating catalyst to produce the at least one Compound I, wherein R 1 and R 5 each independently represent a hydrogen, a C 1 -C 6 alkyl, a hydroxy, or a C 1 -C 6 alkoxy; wherein R 2, R 3, and R 4 each independently represent a hydrogen, a C 1 -C 6 alkyl, or a C 1 -C 6 alkoxy; wherein R 6 and R 7 each independently represent a hydrogen, a C 1 -C 6 alkyl, a protecting group, or a directing group; wherein X represents a halo moiety or a halo-like moiety selected from Cl, Br, I, -OTf, -OMs, or -OTs; wherein at least one of R 1 and R 5 represent a hydrogen; and provided that in Compound II, R 7 represents a protecting group or a directing group, and either prior to step (ii), the at least one Compound III is combined with at least one deprotecting agent such that the protecting group or directing group represented by R 7 is replaced with a hydrogen or a C 1 -C 6 alkyl, or prior to step (iii), the at least one Compound IV is combined with at least one deprotecting agent such that the protecting group or directing group represented by R 7 is replaced with a hydrogen or a C 1 -C 6 alkyl; wherein the term alkyl includes a saturated straight, branched, or cyclic, primary, secondary, or tertiary hydrocarbon. (i) combining at least one with at least one halogenating agent to produce at least one (ii) combining the at least one Compound III with at least one cyanating agent to produce at least one and; (iii) combining the at least one Compound IV with at least one hydrating agent and/or at least one hydrating catalyst to produce the at least one Compound I, wherein R 1 and R 5 each independently represent a hydrogen, a C 1 -C 6 alkyl, a hydroxy, or a C 1 -C 6 alkoxy; wherein R 2, R 3, and R 4 each independently represent a hydrogen, a C 1 -C 6 alkyl, or a C 1 -C 6 alkoxy; wherein R 6 and R 7 each independently represent a hydrogen, a C 1 -C 6 alkyl, a protecting group, or a directing group; wherein X represents a halo moiety or a halo-like moiety selected from Cl, Br, I, -OTf, -OMs, or -OTs; wherein at least one of R 1 and R 5 represent a hydrogen; and provided that in Compound II, R 7 represents a protecting group or a directing group, and either prior to step (ii), the at least one Compound III is combined with at least one deprotecting agent such that the protecting group or directing group represented by R 7 is replaced with a hydrogen or a C 1 -C 6 alkyl, or prior to step (iii), the at least one Compound IV is combined with at least one deprotecting agent such that the protecting group or directing group represented by R 7 is replaced with a hydrogen or a C 1 -C 6 alkyl; wherein the term alkyl includes a saturated straight, branched, or cyclic, primary, secondary, or tertiary hydrocarbon. prior to step (ii), the at least one Compound III is combined with at least one deprotecting agent such that the protecting group or directing group represented by R 7 is replaced with a hydrogen or a C 1 -C 6 alkyl, or prior to step (iii), the at least one Compound IV is combined with at least one deprotecting agent such that the protecting group or directing group represented by R 7 is replaced with a hydrogen or a C 1 -C 6 alkyl;