A device of anti-fogging endoscope system, including a lighting source, a transmission fiber, and an endoscope, wherein the lighting source includes a lighting source of white light and a coupling optical lens; the lighting source of white light is a xenon lamp, a white light LED or a mixed white light LED of three primary colors of red, green, and blue, which provides a light output in visible light band; when the xenon lamp is used, the power falls in the range of 250W∼350W; when the white light LED is used, the power falls in the range of 50W∼100W; when the mixed white light LED of three primary colors of red, green, and blue is used, the power falls in the range of 150W∼200W; the coupling optical lens is an optical lens or a set of optical lenses; the transmission fiber is made by binding several fibers having the diameter of several tens of microns together, and is polished on its incident surface and exit surface; the focusing plane of coupling optical lens and the incident surface of transmission fiber are in coincidence; the endoscope includes an endoscope optical lens system, a distal optical window plate, a light guide fiber bundle, an endoscope housing body, and a fiber connecting interface; the endoscope optical lens system is made of several tens of optical lenses to image the surgical field; the endoscope housing body is mainly made from stainless steel material, which is polished on its surface; the distal optical window plate is a transparent optical material, and can transmit the visible light, which is located in front of the endoscope optical lens system, and is welded or adhered to the endoscope housing body; the light guide fiber bundle is made by binding several fibers having the diameter of several tens of microns together, and is polished on its incident surface and exit surface; the incident surface of light guide fiber bundle is located inside the fiber connecting interface; the incident surface of light guide fiber bundle is connected to the exit surface of transmission fiber in coupling via the fiber connecting interface; the light guide fiber bundle is located in the annular space between the optical lens system and the endoscope housing body, of which exit surface is against the distal optical window plate, wherein the lighting source also includes a near-infrared lighting source for anti-fogging and a color combination filter; the color combination filter is a optical plate, which is located between the lighting source of white light and the coupling optical lens in way of having a intersection angle of 45° from the coupling optical lens; the color combination filter is plated with an optical film which transmits the visible light and reflects the near-infrared light; the near-infrared lighting source for anti-fogging is a light source which only emits the near-infrared light, of which the wavelength range of the emitted light is 780nm∼1100nm, and the power of the emitted light in full power is between 5 watt and 10 watt; the near-infrared lighting source for anti-fogging is set in way of being perpendicular to the lighting source of white light and having a intersection angle of 45° from the color combination filter; the lighting source of white light and the near-infrared lighting source for anti-fogging can be independently controlled to turn on-off and adjust luminance; the distal optical window plate of the endoscope is made from an optical material improving its spectral characteristics, which not only can transmit the visible light, but also can absorb the near-infrared light, wherein the average transmissivity of the visible light is above 80%, and the average absorptivity of the near-infrared light is above 80%.