A method for forming a post-translationally modified phosphoprotein conjugate, wherein the method comprises either: a) contacting a protein with an azido-modified nucleotide, wherein the nucleotide has an azide moiety placed on the gamma phosphate of the nucleotide, in the presence of an enzyme that will transfer the azido-modified gamma phosphate to the protein to form an azido-modified phosphoprotein, and wherein the enzyme is a kinase that can phosphorylate a serine, threonine or tyrosine residue; and b) contacting the azido-modified phosphoprotein with a reporter molecule, carrier molecule, or solid support that comprises a terminal alkyne to form a phosphoprotein reporter molecule, carrier molecule or solid support conjugate; or a) contacting a protein with a terminal alkyne-modified nucleotide, wherein the nucleotide has an alkyne moiety placed on the gamma phosphate of the nucleotide, in the presence of an enzyme that will transfer the terminal alkyne-modified gamma phosphate to the protein to form a terminal alkyne-modified phosphoprotein, and wherein the enzyme is a kinase that can phosphorylate a serine, threonine or tyrosine residue; and b) contacting the terminal alkyne-modified phosphoprotein with a reporter molecule, carrier molecule, or solid support that comprises an azido moiety to form a phosphoprotein reporter molecule, carrier molecule, or solid support conjugate. a) contacting a protein with an azido-modified nucleotide, wherein the nucleotide has an azide moiety placed on the gamma phosphate of the nucleotide, in the presence of an enzyme that will transfer the azido-modified gamma phosphate to the protein to form an azido-modified phosphoprotein, and wherein the enzyme is a kinase that can phosphorylate a serine, threonine or tyrosine residue; and b) contacting the azido-modified phosphoprotein with a reporter molecule, carrier molecule, or solid support that comprises a terminal alkyne to form a phosphoprotein reporter molecule, carrier molecule or solid support conjugate; or a) contacting a protein with a terminal alkyne-modified nucleotide, wherein the nucleotide has an alkyne moiety placed on the gamma phosphate of the nucleotide, in the presence of an enzyme that will transfer the terminal alkyne-modified gamma phosphate to the protein to form a terminal alkyne-modified phosphoprotein, and wherein the enzyme is a kinase that can phosphorylate a serine, threonine or tyrosine residue; and b) contacting the terminal alkyne-modified phosphoprotein with a reporter molecule, carrier molecule, or solid support that comprises an azido moiety to form a phosphoprotein reporter molecule, carrier molecule, or solid support conjugate. a) contacting a protein with a terminal alkyne-modified nucleotide, wherein the nucleotide has an alkyne moiety placed on the gamma phosphate of the nucleotide, in the presence of an enzyme that will transfer the terminal alkyne-modified gamma phosphate to the protein to form a terminal alkyne-modified phosphoprotein, and wherein the enzyme is a kinase that can phosphorylate a serine, threonine or tyrosine residue; and b) contacting the terminal alkyne-modified phosphoprotein with a reporter molecule, carrier molecule, or solid support that comprises an azido moiety to form a phosphoprotein reporter molecule, carrier molecule, or solid support conjugate.