A tapered roller bearing (10, 10a, 3010) comprising: an outer ring (11, 3011) including an outer-ring raceway surface (11A, 3011A) around an inner circumferential surface; an inner ring (13, 3013) arranged on an inner side relative to the outer ring (11, 3011), the inner ring (13, 3013) including an inner-ring raceway surface (13A, 3013A) around an outer circumferential surface and a larger flange surface (18, 3018) arranged on a larger diameter side relative to the inner-ring raceway surface (13A, 3013A); and a plurality of tapered rollers (12, 3012) disposed between the outer-ring raceway surface (11A, 3011A) and the inner-ring raceway surface (13A, 3013A), the tapered roller (12, 3012) including a rolling surface (12A, 3012A) in contact with the outer-ring raceway surface (11A, 3011A) and the inner-ring raceway surface (13A, 3013A) and a larger end face (16, 3016) in contact with the larger flange surface (18, 3018), at least any one of the outer ring (11, 3011), the inner ring (13, 3013), and the plurality of tapered rollers (12, 3012) including a nitrogen enriched layer (11B, 12B, 13B, 3012B) formed on a surface layer of the outer-ring raceway surface (11A, 3011A), the inner-ring raceway surface (13A, 3013A), or the rolling surface (12A, 3012A), a distance from an outermost surface of the surface layer to a bottom of the nitrogen enriched layer (11B, 12B, 13B, 3012B) being not shorter than 0.2 mm, a nitrogen concentration in the nitrogen enriched layer (11B, 12B, 13B, 3012B) being not lower than 0.1 mass % at a position of depth of 0.05 mm from the outermost surface, a difference between a maximum value and a minimum value of arithmetic mean roughness Ra of an annular surface region in contact with the larger flange surface (18, 3018), in the larger end face (16, 3016) of the tapered roller (12, 3012), being not greater than 0.02 μm, a value of a ratio R/R BASE being not smaller than 0.75 and not greater than 0.87, where R represents a set radius of curvature of the larger end face (16, 3016) of the tapered roller (12, 3012) and R BASE represents a distance from an apex of a cone angle of the tapered roller (12, 3012) to the larger flange surface (18, 3018) of the inner ring (13, 3013), characterised in a ratio R process /R being not lower than 0.5, where R process represents an actual radius of curvature after grinding of the larger end face (16, 3016) of the tapered roller (12, 3012) and R represents the set radius of curvature, wherein a roughness profile of the larger end face (16, 3016) of the tapered roller (12, 3012) has skewness Rsk not smaller than 2 and not greater than 7, and the roughness profile of the larger end face (16, 3016) has kurtosis Rku not smaller than -1 and not greater than 1. an outer ring (11, 3011) including an outer-ring raceway surface (11A, 3011A) around an inner circumferential surface; an inner ring (13, 3013) arranged on an inner side relative to the outer ring (11, 3011), the inner ring (13, 3013) including an inner-ring raceway surface (13A, 3013A) around an outer circumferential surface and a larger flange surface (18, 3018) arranged on a larger diameter side relative to the inner-ring raceway surface (13A, 3013A); and a plurality of tapered rollers (12, 3012) disposed between the outer-ring raceway surface (11A, 3011A) and the inner-ring raceway surface (13A, 3013A), the tapered roller (12, 3012) including a rolling surface (12A, 3012A) in contact with the outer-ring raceway surface (11A, 3011A) and the inner-ring raceway surface (13A, 3013A) and a larger end face (16, 3016) in contact with the larger flange surface (18, 3018), at least any one of the outer ring (11, 3011), the inner ring (13, 3013), and the plurality of tapered rollers (12, 3012) including a nitrogen enriched layer (11B, 12B, 13B, 3012B) formed on a surface layer of the outer-ring raceway surface (11A, 3011A), the inner-ring raceway surface (13A, 3013A), or the rolling surface (12A, 3012A), a distance from an outermost surface of the surface layer to a bottom of the nitrogen enriched layer (11B, 12B, 13B, 3012B) being not shorter than 0.2 mm, a nitrogen concentration in the nitrogen enriched layer (11B, 12B, 13B, 3012B) being not lower than 0.1 mass % at a position of depth of 0.05 mm from the outermost surface, a difference between a maximum value and a minimum value of arithmetic mean roughness Ra of an annular surface region in contact with the larger flange surface (18, 3018), in the larger end face (16, 3016) of the tapered roller (12, 3012), being not greater than 0.02 μm, a value of a ratio R/R BASE being not smaller than 0.75 and not greater than 0.87, where R represents a set radius of curvature of the larger end face (16, 3016) of the tapered roller (12, 3012) and R BASE represents a distance from an apex of a cone angle of the tapered roller (12, 3012) to the larger flange surface (18, 3018) of the inner ring (13, 3013), characterised in a ratio R process /R being not lower than 0.5, where R process represents an actual radius of curvature after grinding of the larger end face (16, 3016) of the tapered roller (12, 3012) and R represents the set radius of curvature, wherein a roughness profile of the larger end face (16, 3016) of the tapered roller (12, 3012) has skewness Rsk not smaller than 2 and not greater than 7, and the roughness profile of the larger end face (16, 3016) has kurtosis Rku not smaller than -1 and not greater than 1.