A battery module receiving apparatus having an inner space for receiving a plurality of plate-like battery cells and a plurality of heat transfer plates of a thermostat, the battery module receiving apparatus comprising: first and second side plates (21, 22) provided opposite to each other to form the opposite side surfaces of the inner space; an upper plate connecting the upper edges of the first and second side plates (21, 22) to form an upper surface of the inner space; and a lower plate, opposite to the upper plate, connecting the lower edges of the first and second side plates (21, 22) to form a lower surface of the inner space, wherein a plurality of battery cell insertion slots are formed on the lower surface of the upper plate and the upper surface of the lower plate at corresponding locations parallel to the first and second side plates (21, 22) to erectly insert a plurality of the battery cells, and a plurality of heat transfer plate insertion slots are formed adjacent to a plurality of the battery cell insertion slots on the lower surface of the upper plate and the upper surface of the lower plate at corresponding locations parallel to the first and second side plates (21, 22) to erectly insert the heat transfer plates, characterized in that the plurality of the battery cell insertion slots are formed starting from the front end of the upper plate and the lower plate and ending with a location spaced away from the rear end at a predetermined distance so that a plurality of the battery cells are only inserted through the front of the battery module receiving apparatus, and the plurality of the heat transfer plate insertion slots are formed starting from the rear end of the upper plate and the lower plate and ending with a location spaced away from the front end at a predetermined distance so that a plurality of the heat transfer plates are only inserted through the rear of the battery module receiving apparatus. first and second side plates (21, 22) provided opposite to each other to form the opposite side surfaces of the inner space; an upper plate connecting the upper edges of the first and second side plates (21, 22) to form an upper surface of the inner space; and a lower plate, opposite to the upper plate, connecting the lower edges of the first and second side plates (21, 22) to form a lower surface of the inner space, wherein a plurality of battery cell insertion slots are formed on the lower surface of the upper plate and the upper surface of the lower plate at corresponding locations parallel to the first and second side plates (21, 22) to erectly insert a plurality of the battery cells, and a plurality of heat transfer plate insertion slots are formed adjacent to a plurality of the battery cell insertion slots on the lower surface of the upper plate and the upper surface of the lower plate at corresponding locations parallel to the first and second side plates (21, 22) to erectly insert the heat transfer plates, characterized in that the plurality of the battery cell insertion slots are formed starting from the front end of the upper plate and the lower plate and ending with a location spaced away from the rear end at a predetermined distance so that a plurality of the battery cells are only inserted through the front of the battery module receiving apparatus, and the plurality of the heat transfer plate insertion slots are formed starting from the rear end of the upper plate and the lower plate and ending with a location spaced away from the front end at a predetermined distance so that a plurality of the heat transfer plates are only inserted through the rear of the battery module receiving apparatus.