A photoelectric conversion device comprising: an electron emitter including a meta-surface emitting an electron in response to incidence of an electromagnetic wave; and a potential control unit configured to control electric potentials applied to the meta-surface, wherein the meta-surface includes a plurality of patterns (31, 32, 33) spaced away from each other, the plurality of patterns (31, 32, 33) include an antenna portion extending in a predetermined direction and emitting an electron in response to incidence of the electromagnetic wave, and at least one bias portion facing the antenna portion, the potential control unit is configured to switch a first state where a component of an electric field from the bias portion toward the antenna portion in the predetermined direction is positive, and a second state where the component of the electric field from the bias portion toward the antenna portion in the predetermined direction is negative, by controlling electric potentials applied to the plurality of patterns (31, 32, 33), the antenna portion includes first and second leading ends (38, 39) disposed at mutually different positions in the predetermined direction, the bias portion includes a first bias portion facing the first leading end, and a second bias portion facing the second leading end, characterized in that in the first state, the component of the electric field from the first leading end toward the first bias portion in the predetermined direction is positive, and the component of the electric field from the second bias portion toward the second leading end in the predetermined direction is positive, and in the second state, the component of the electric field from the first bias portion toward the first leading end in the predetermined direction is negative, and the component of the electric field from the second leading end toward the second bias portion in the predetermined direction is negative. an electron emitter including a meta-surface emitting an electron in response to incidence of an electromagnetic wave; and a potential control unit configured to control electric potentials applied to the meta-surface, wherein the meta-surface includes a plurality of patterns (31, 32, 33) spaced away from each other, the plurality of patterns (31, 32, 33) include an antenna portion extending in a predetermined direction and emitting an electron in response to incidence of the electromagnetic wave, and at least one bias portion facing the antenna portion, the potential control unit is configured to switch a first state where a component of an electric field from the bias portion toward the antenna portion in the predetermined direction is positive, and a second state where the component of the electric field from the bias portion toward the antenna portion in the predetermined direction is negative, by controlling electric potentials applied to the plurality of patterns (31, 32, 33), the antenna portion includes first and second leading ends (38, 39) disposed at mutually different positions in the predetermined direction, the bias portion includes a first bias portion facing the first leading end, and a second bias portion facing the second leading end, in the first state, the component of the electric field from the first leading end toward the first bias portion in the predetermined direction is positive, and the component of the electric field from the second bias portion toward the second leading end in the predetermined direction is positive, and in the second state, the component of the electric field from the first bias portion toward the first leading end in the predetermined direction is negative, and the component of the electric field from the second leading end toward the second bias portion in the predetermined direction is negative.