A traffic control system, wherein the system comprises: a packet loss cause determining module, configured to determine a cause of packet loss, wherein the packet loss cause determining module comprises: a packet loss cause obtaining submodule, configured to separately obtain at least two determining results of the cause of packet loss, wherein the determining result of the cause of packet loss is packet loss caused by a bit error or packet loss caused by congestion; and a joint distinguishing submodule, configured to select, according to the at least two determining results and a preset selection algorithm, one from packet loss caused by a bit error and packet loss caused by congestion as the cause of packet loss; a traffic control module, configured to control traffic according to the cause of packet loss that is determined by the packet loss cause determining module; and an error correction module, configured to: obtain a traffic control result obtained after the traffic control module controls the traffic, and correct, according to a comparison between the obtained traffic control result and an expected traffic control result, the cause of packet loss that is determined by the packet loss cause determining module, wherein the error correction module comprises: a control result obtaining submodule, configured to obtain the traffic control result obtained after the traffic control module controls the traffic; an error correction result obtaining submodule, configured to obtain an error correction result of the cause of packet loss according to the comparison between the obtained traffic control result and the expected traffic control result, wherein the error correction result is packet loss caused by a bit error or packet loss caused by congestion; and an error correction result output submodule, configured to output the error correction result to the packet loss cause determining module, so that the packet loss cause determining module adds the error correction result to the at least two determining results and re-performs the step of selecting, so as to obtain the corrected cause of packet loss. a packet loss cause determining module, configured to determine a cause of packet loss, wherein the packet loss cause determining module comprises: a packet loss cause obtaining submodule, configured to separately obtain at least two determining results of the cause of packet loss, wherein the determining result of the cause of packet loss is packet loss caused by a bit error or packet loss caused by congestion; and a joint distinguishing submodule, configured to select, according to the at least two determining results and a preset selection algorithm, one from packet loss caused by a bit error and packet loss caused by congestion as the cause of packet loss; a packet loss cause obtaining submodule, configured to separately obtain at least two determining results of the cause of packet loss, wherein the determining result of the cause of packet loss is packet loss caused by a bit error or packet loss caused by congestion; and a joint distinguishing submodule, configured to select, according to the at least two determining results and a preset selection algorithm, one from packet loss caused by a bit error and packet loss caused by congestion as the cause of packet loss; a traffic control module, configured to control traffic according to the cause of packet loss that is determined by the packet loss cause determining module; and an error correction module, configured to: obtain a traffic control result obtained after the traffic control module controls the traffic, and correct, according to a comparison between the obtained traffic control result and an expected traffic control result, the cause of packet loss that is determined by the packet loss cause determining module, wherein the error correction module comprises: a control result obtaining submodule, configured to obtain the traffic control result obtained after the traffic control module controls the traffic; an error correction result obtaining submodule, configured to obtain an error correction result of the cause of packet loss according to the comparison between the obtained traffic control result and the expected traffic control result, wherein the error correction result is packet loss caused by a bit error or packet loss caused by congestion; and an error correction result output submodule, configured to output the error correction result to the packet loss cause determining module, so that the packet loss cause determining module adds the error correction result to the at least two determining results and re-performs the step of selecting, so as to obtain the corrected cause of packet loss. a control result obtaining submodule, configured to obtain the traffic control result obtained after the traffic control module controls the traffic; an error correction result obtaining submodule, configured to obtain an error correction result of the cause of packet loss according to the comparison between the obtained traffic control result and the expected traffic control result, wherein the error correction result is packet loss caused by a bit error or packet loss caused by congestion; and an error correction result output submodule, configured to output the error correction result to the packet loss cause determining module, so that the packet loss cause determining module adds the error correction result to the at least two determining results and re-performs the step of selecting, so as to obtain the corrected cause of packet loss.