Non-therapeutic use of compounds of the formula I, where E denotes NR 5 or O, R 2, R 3 or R 4 each, independently of one another, denote -H, -A, -OA, -(CH 2) p -OH, -C OA, COOH or COOX, p denotes an integer from 1 to 4, X is the counterion to the [COO -] group, R 5 denotes A, A denotes alkyl having 1 to 20 C atoms and R 1 is a substituent of the formula II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII, IX, X, XI, XII, XIII, XIV or XV, where R 1 to R 14 each, independently of one another, denote -H, -OH, -OA, -A, -NH 2, -NHA, -NA 2, -NH-(CH 2 -CH 2 -O) n -H, -N[(CH 2 -CH 2 -O) n -H] 2, -[NHA 2]X, -[NA 3]X, -SO 3 H, -[SO 3]X 2H-benzotriazol-2-yl- or n is an integer from 1 to 25, X is the counterion to the cations [NHA 2] + and [NA 3] + or the anion [SO 3] - and Y and Z each, independently of one another, denote the structural unit I-1 A, hydroxyl, -OA or -NH-C(CH 3) 3, where A, R 2, R 3, R 4 and E have a meaning given above, W denotes -(CH 2) m -O or -(CH 2) o -C -O and m and o each, independently of one another, denote an integer from 1 to 4, with the proviso that at least one substituent of the substituents R 1 to R 14 in the formulae II, III, IV, VII, X, XII and XV denotes OH, -OA, -A, -NH 2, -NHA, -NA 2, -NH-(CH 2 -CH 2 -O) n -H, -N[(CH 2 -CH 2 -O) n -H] 2, -[NHA 2]X, -[NA 3]X, -SO 3 H, -[SO 3]X, 2H-benzotriazol-2-yl- or and/or salts, tautomers, stereoisomers and/or solvates thereof, including mixtures thereof in all ratios, as protein-adhesive active compounds. E denotes NR 5 or O, R 2, R 3 or R 4 each, independently of one another, denote -H, -A, -OA, -(CH 2) p -OH, -C OA, COOH or COOX, p denotes an integer from 1 to 4, X is the counterion to the [COO -] group, R 5 denotes A, A denotes alkyl having 1 to 20 C atoms and R 1 is a substituent of the formula II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII, IX, X, XI, XII, XIII, XIV or XV, where R 1 to R 14 each, independently of one another, denote -H, -OH, -OA, -A, -NH 2, -NHA, -NA 2, -NH-(CH 2 -CH 2 -O) n -H, -N[(CH 2 -CH 2 -O) n -H] 2, -[NHA 2]X, -[NA 3]X, -SO 3 H, -[SO 3]X 2H-benzotriazol-2-yl- or n is an integer from 1 to 25, X is the counterion to the cations [NHA 2] + and [NA 3] + or the anion [SO 3] - and Y and Z each, independently of one another, denote the structural unit I-1 A, hydroxyl, -OA or -NH-C(CH 3) 3, where A, R 2, R 3, R 4 and E have a meaning given above, W denotes -(CH 2) m -O or -(CH 2) o -C -O and m and o each, independently of one another, denote an integer from 1 to 4, with the proviso that at least one substituent of the substituents R 1 to R 14 in the formulae II, III, IV, VII, X, XII and XV denotes OH, -OA, -A, -NH 2, -NHA, -NA 2, -NH-(CH 2 -CH 2 -O) n -H, -N[(CH 2 -CH 2 -O) n -H] 2, -[NHA 2]X, -[NA 3]X, -SO 3 H, -[SO 3]X, 2H-benzotriazol-2-yl- or and/or salts, tautomers, stereoisomers and/or solvates thereof, including mixtures thereof in all ratios, as protein-adhesive active compounds. R 1 to R 14 each, independently of one another, denote -H, -OH, -OA, -A, -NH 2, -NHA, -NA 2, -NH-(CH 2 -CH 2 -O) n -H, -N[(CH 2 -CH 2 -O) n -H] 2, -[NHA 2]X, -[NA 3]X, -SO 3 H, -[SO 3]X 2H-benzotriazol-2-yl- or n is an integer from 1 to 25, X is the counterion to the cations [NHA 2] + and [NA 3] + or the anion [SO 3] - and Y and Z each, independently of one another, denote the structural unit I-1 A, hydroxyl, -OA or -NH-C(CH 3) 3, where A, R 2, R 3, R 4 and E have a meaning given above, W denotes -(CH 2) m -O or -(CH 2) o -C -O and m and o each, independently of one another, denote an integer from 1 to 4,