A microfluidic test system, being characterized by comprising: a control apparatus, storing a test protocol (Pa, Pb) of a biomedical test; and a microfluidic chip, comprising: a top plate; and a microelectrode dot array, being arranged under the top plate and comprising a plurality of microelectrode devices connected in a series, wherein each of the microelectrode devices comprises: a microfluidic electrode, being arranged under the top plate; a multi-functional electrode, being arranged under the microfluidic electrode; and a control circuit, being arranged under the multi-functional electrode and comprising: a microfluidic control and location-sensing circuit, being coupled to the microfluidic electrode; a storage circuit; and a temperature control circuit, being coupled to the multi-functional electrode; wherein the control apparatus is configured to provide a location-sensing signal (EN_S) to the microfluidic chip, the location-sensing signal (EN_S) is enabled within a first time interval, each of the microfluidic control and location-sensing circuits is configured to detect a first capacitance value between the top plate and the corresponding microfluidic electrode and store the first capacitance value in the corresponding storage circuit during the first time interval (T 1), wherein the control apparatus is further configured to provide a clock signal to the microfluidic chip, the clock signal is enabled within a plurality of sub-time intervals of a second time interval, and the storage circuits are configured to output the first capacitance values during the sub-time intervals of the second time interval respectively, wherein the control apparatus is further configured to determine a size and a location of a test sample within the microfluidic chip according to the first capacitance values, generate a test control signal according to the test protocol (Pa, Pb), the size, and the location, and provide the test control signal to the microfluidic chip. a control apparatus, storing a test protocol (Pa, Pb) of a biomedical test; and a microfluidic chip, comprising: a top plate; and a microelectrode dot array, being arranged under the top plate and comprising a plurality of microelectrode devices connected in a series, wherein each of the microelectrode devices comprises: a microfluidic electrode, being arranged under the top plate; a multi-functional electrode, being arranged under the microfluidic electrode; and a control circuit, being arranged under the multi-functional electrode and comprising: a microfluidic control and location-sensing circuit, being coupled to the microfluidic electrode; a storage circuit; and a temperature control circuit, being coupled to the multi-functional electrode; a top plate; and a microelectrode dot array, being arranged under the top plate and comprising a plurality of microelectrode devices connected in a series, wherein each of the microelectrode devices comprises: a microfluidic electrode, being arranged under the top plate; a multi-functional electrode, being arranged under the microfluidic electrode; and a control circuit, being arranged under the multi-functional electrode and comprising: a microfluidic control and location-sensing circuit, being coupled to the microfluidic electrode; a storage circuit; and a temperature control circuit, being coupled to the multi-functional electrode; a microfluidic electrode, being arranged under the top plate; a multi-functional electrode, being arranged under the microfluidic electrode; and a control circuit, being arranged under the multi-functional electrode and comprising: a microfluidic control and location-sensing circuit, being coupled to the microfluidic electrode; a storage circuit; and a temperature control circuit, being coupled to the multi-functional electrode; a microfluidic control and location-sensing circuit, being coupled to the microfluidic electrode; a storage circuit; and a temperature control circuit, being coupled to the multi-functional electrode; wherein the control apparatus is configured to provide a location-sensing signal (EN_S) to the microfluidic chip, the location-sensing signal (EN_S) is enabled within a first time interval, each of the microfluidic control and location-sensing circuits is configured to detect a first capacitance value between the top plate and the corresponding microfluidic electrode and store the first capacitance value in the corresponding storage circuit during the first time interval (T 1), wherein the control apparatus is further configured to provide a clock signal to the microfluidic chip, the clock signal is enabled within a plurality of sub-time intervals of a second time interval, and the storage circuits are configured to output the first capacitance values during the sub-time intervals of the second time interval respectively, wherein the control apparatus is further configured to determine a size and a location of a test sample within the microfluidic chip according to the first capacitance values, generate a test control signal according to the test protocol (Pa, Pb), the size, and the location, and provide the test control signal to the microfluidic chip.