An adaptive power converter for a mobile charger (102; 902) configured for charging a mobile device, wherein the mobile device comprises a device-side connector and a battery, and a power input path is arranged between the device-side connector and the battery, the adaptive power converter comprising: a power converting circuit, arranged to operably convert a source voltage signal (Vs) and a source current signal (Is) into a DC voltage signal (Vdc) and a DC current signal (Idc); a communication interface, arranged to operably receive and transmit a data signal (DATA), to operably receive the DC voltage signal (Vdc) and the DC current signal (Idc) through a power output path arranged between the power converting circuit and the communication interface, and to operably output the DC voltage signal (Vdc) and the DC current signal (Idc) to a charging cable, such that the charging cable provides an output voltage signal (Vout) and an output current signal (Iout) to an output terminal detachably connected with the device-side connector when receiving the DC voltage signal (Vdc) and the DC current signal (Idc); a charger-side control circuit, coupled with the power converting circuit and the communication interface, arranged to operably receive the data signal (DATA) and to operably control operations of the power converting circuit; and a charger-side sensing circuit, coupled with the charger-side control circuit and arranged to operably sense a signal on the power output path (Vdc; Idc); wherein the charger-side control circuit is arranged to operably generate a corresponding charger-side voltage value based on a sensing result of the charger-side sensing circuit, and when the mobile device transmits a device-side voltage value corresponding to the signal on the power input path (Vin; Iin; VB; IB) to the charger-side control circuit through the data signal (DATA), the charger-side control circuit is arranged to operably calculate a difference between the charger-side voltage value and the device-side voltage value to generate a voltage drop estimation value of the charging cable; characterized in that the charger-side control circuit is further arranged to operably control the power converting circuit to maintain the output voltage signal (Vout) and the output current signal (Iout) supplied to the mobile device in a safe range by adjusting the magnitude of at least one of the DC current signal (Idc) and the DC voltage signal (Vdc) based on the voltage drop estimation value so as to control a voltage drop of the charging cable to be less than a predetermined threshold. a power converting circuit, arranged to operably convert a source voltage signal (Vs) and a source current signal (Is) into a DC voltage signal (Vdc) and a DC current signal (Idc); a communication interface, arranged to operably receive and transmit a data signal (DATA), to operably receive the DC voltage signal (Vdc) and the DC current signal (Idc) through a power output path arranged between the power converting circuit and the communication interface, and to operably output the DC voltage signal (Vdc) and the DC current signal (Idc) to a charging cable, such that the charging cable provides an output voltage signal (Vout) and an output current signal (Iout) to an output terminal detachably connected with the device-side connector when receiving the DC voltage signal (Vdc) and the DC current signal (Idc); a charger-side control circuit, coupled with the power converting circuit and the communication interface, arranged to operably receive the data signal (DATA) and to operably control operations of the power converting circuit; and a charger-side sensing circuit, coupled with the charger-side control circuit and arranged to operably sense a signal on the power output path (Vdc; Idc); wherein the charger-side control circuit is arranged to operably generate a corresponding charger-side voltage value based on a sensing result of the charger-side sensing circuit, and when the mobile device transmits a device-side voltage value corresponding to the signal on the power input path (Vin; Iin; VB; IB) to the charger-side control circuit through the data signal (DATA), the charger-side control circuit is arranged to operably calculate a difference between the charger-side voltage value and the device-side voltage value to generate a voltage drop estimation value of the charging cable; characterized in that the charger-side control circuit is further arranged to operably control the power converting circuit to maintain the output voltage signal (Vout) and the output current signal (Iout) supplied to the mobile device in a safe range by adjusting the magnitude of at least one of the DC current signal (Idc) and the DC voltage signal (Vdc) based on the voltage drop estimation value so as to control a voltage drop of the charging cable to be less than a predetermined threshold.