An optical switch, wherein the optical switch is disposed on a substrate, and the optical switch comprises a first waveguide, a second waveguide, a first deformable waveguide, and a first actuator, wherein: ∘ the first waveguide is immovable relative to the substrate, and the first waveguide has a first input port IP1 and a first output port OP1, ∘ the second waveguide is immovable relative to the substrate, and the second waveguide has a second output port OP2, and the first waveguide and the second waveguide are located in a first plane, ∘ the first deformable waveguide is also located in the first plane, wherein the first plane is a plane parallel to the substrate, ∘ a first section of the first deformable waveguide is fixed relative to the substrate, the first section comprises a first fixing point (241-a) located at a middle location of the first deformable waveguide, and a second section other than the first section can deform in the first plane under control of the first actuator, ∘ when the first deformable waveguide is in a first state: the first deformable waveguide and the first waveguide are optically decoupled, and the first deformable waveguide and the second waveguide are optically decoupled; and the IP1 and the OP1 are optically connected, and the IP1 and the OP2 are optically blocked; ∘ when the first deformable waveguide is in a second state: the first deformable waveguide and the first waveguide are optically coupled, and the first deformable waveguide and the second waveguide are optically coupled; and the IP1 and the OP1 are optically blocked, and the IP1 and the OP2 are optically connected by using the first deformable waveguide, ∘ the first state is a natural state or a first deformed state of the first deformable waveguide, the second state is a second deformed state of the first deformable waveguide, and ∘ the second section of the first deformable waveguide comprises a first input section and a first output section; and when the first deformable waveguide is in the second deformed state, the first input section of the first deformable waveguide and the first waveguide form a first coupler, and the first output section of the first deformable waveguide and the second waveguide form a second coupler. ∘ the first waveguide is immovable relative to the substrate, and the first waveguide has a first input port IP1 and a first output port OP1, ∘ the second waveguide is immovable relative to the substrate, and the second waveguide has a second output port OP2, and the first waveguide and the second waveguide are located in a first plane, ∘ the first deformable waveguide is also located in the first plane, wherein the first plane is a plane parallel to the substrate, ∘ a first section of the first deformable waveguide is fixed relative to the substrate, the first section comprises a first fixing point (241-a) located at a middle location of the first deformable waveguide, and a second section other than the first section can deform in the first plane under control of the first actuator, ∘ when the first deformable waveguide is in a first state: the first deformable waveguide and the first waveguide are optically decoupled, and the first deformable waveguide and the second waveguide are optically decoupled; and the IP1 and the OP1 are optically connected, and the IP1 and the OP2 are optically blocked; the first deformable waveguide and the first waveguide are optically decoupled, and the first deformable waveguide and the second waveguide are optically decoupled; and the IP1 and the OP1 are optically connected, and the IP1 and the OP2 are optically blocked; ∘ when the first deformable waveguide is in a second state: the first deformable waveguide and the first waveguide are optically coupled, and the first deformable waveguide and the second waveguide are optically coupled; and the IP1 and the OP1 are optically blocked, and the IP1 and the OP2 are optically connected by using the first deformable waveguide, the first deformable waveguide and the first waveguide are optically coupled, and the first deformable waveguide and the second waveguide are optically coupled; and the IP1 and the OP1 are optically blocked, and the IP1 and the OP2 are optically connected by using the first deformable waveguide, ∘ the first state is a natural state or a first deformed state of the first deformable waveguide, the second state is a second deformed state of the first deformable waveguide, and ∘ the second section of the first deformable waveguide comprises a first input section and a first output section; and when the first deformable waveguide is in the second deformed state, the first input section of the first deformable waveguide and the first waveguide form a first coupler, and the first output section of the first deformable waveguide and the second waveguide form a second coupler.