A process for the manufacture of a micro/nanostructure formed of colloidal nanoparticles comprising a multilayer assembly of colloidal nanoparticles which are attached to an electret substrate, having a freely chosen and predetermined geometric shape, comprising the stages consisting in: in a first stage, providing an electret substrate, composed of an electret material and having a free receiving surface, then in a second stage (4; 304), writing a surface electric potential on the receiving surface of the electret substrate according to a predetermined pattern of positive and/or negative electric charges corresponding to the multilayer assembly of nanoparticles, then in a third stage (6; 306), bringing the electret substrate having the receiving surface written with the surface potential according to the desired pattern of electric charges into contact with a colloidal dispersion for a contacting time which is sufficiently long and less than or equal to fifteen minutes, wherein the colloidal dispersion comprises electrically substantially neutral and polarizable electrically under the action of an external electric field and a dispersing medium, in the form of a liquid solvent or a gas which is substantially devoid of an electrical polarization action, in which the colloidal nanoparticles are dispersed, characterized in that the absolute value of the surface electric potential and the concentration of polarizable nanoparticles are respectively greater than or equal to a first surface electric potential threshold and to a second concentration threshold, the first and second thresholds each depending on the nature of the dispersing medium and on the nature of the polarizable nanoparticles, so that after the first contacting time, the micro/nanostructure obtained is a multilayer micro/nanostructure having the desired geometric shape, at least the first layer of which is compact in terms of absence of undesired gaps with sizes greater than or equal to the size of two adjacent nanoparticles, preferably greater than or equal to the size of one nanoparticle, the nanoparticles being bonded to one another and/or to the substrate under the action of dielectrophoretic forces created from the interaction between the polarizable nanoparticles and the written surface potential. in a first stage, providing an electret substrate, composed of an electret material and having a free receiving surface, then in a second stage (4; 304), writing a surface electric potential on the receiving surface of the electret substrate according to a predetermined pattern of positive and/or negative electric charges corresponding to the multilayer assembly of nanoparticles, then in a third stage (6; 306), bringing the electret substrate having the receiving surface written with the surface potential according to the desired pattern of electric charges into contact with a colloidal dispersion for a contacting time which is sufficiently long and less than or equal to fifteen minutes, wherein the colloidal dispersion comprises electrically substantially neutral and polarizable electrically under the action of an external electric field and a dispersing medium, in the form of a liquid solvent or a gas which is substantially devoid of an electrical polarization action, in which the colloidal nanoparticles are dispersed, characterized in that the absolute value of the surface electric potential and the concentration of polarizable nanoparticles are respectively greater than or equal to a first surface electric potential threshold and to a second concentration threshold, the first and second thresholds each depending on the nature of the dispersing medium and on the nature of the polarizable nanoparticles, so that after the first contacting time, the micro/nanostructure obtained is a multilayer micro/nanostructure having the desired geometric shape, at least the first layer of which is compact in terms of absence of undesired gaps with sizes greater than or equal to the size of two adjacent nanoparticles, preferably greater than or equal to the size of one nanoparticle, the nanoparticles being bonded to one another and/or to the substrate under the action of dielectrophoretic forces created from the interaction between the polarizable nanoparticles and the written surface potential.