An optical fingerprint identification apparatus, comprising: a light detection array; a filter layer, disposed above the light detection array, for filtering out an optical signal of a non-target band, and transmitting an optical signal of a target band, wherein the filter layer is integrated with the light detection array in a photosensor chip and the filter layer is a filter material film formed by coating on the light detection array, wherein a wavelength range of the target band comprises 350 to 700 nm and/or 800 to 1000 nm and a thickness of the filter layer is less than or equal to 20μm; a first light blocking layer formed above the filter layer, wherein the first light blocking layer is provided with a plurality of light passing holes; and a first microlens array disposed above the first light blocking layer, wherein the first microlens is a quadrangular microlens which has an upper surface which is a spherical surface and whose lower surface is quadrangle and wherein the quadrangular microlenses are arranged so that they are next to each other; wherein the first microlens array is configured to converge an optical signal to the plurality of light passing holes of the first light blocking layer, and the optical signal is transmitted to the light detection array through the plurality of light passing holes of the first light blocking layer; wherein the first microlens array comprises a plurality of microlenses, and the light detection array comprises a plurality of pixel units, wherein a first microlens in the plurality of microlenses of the first microlens array is configured to converge a first optical signal from above the first microlens to a first light passing hole corresponding to the first microlens in light passing holes of the first light blocking layer, and the first optical signal is transmitted to a first pixel unit corresponding to the first microlens in the plurality of pixel units through the first light passing hole; wherein a ratio of an area of an orthographic projection of the first microlens on the light detection array to an area of the first pixel unit is greater than 70%; and wherein the optical signal is an optical signal in a first specific direction, a line direction of an optical center of the first microlens and a center of the first light passing hole is the same as the first specific direction, and a line direction of the center of the first light passing hole and a center of the first pixel unit is the same as the first specific direction. a light detection array; a filter layer, disposed above the light detection array, for filtering out an optical signal of a non-target band, and transmitting an optical signal of a target band, wherein the filter layer is integrated with the light detection array in a photosensor chip and the filter layer is a filter material film formed by coating on the light detection array, wherein a wavelength range of the target band comprises 350 to 700 nm and/or 800 to 1000 nm and a thickness of the filter layer is less than or equal to 20μm; a first light blocking layer formed above the filter layer, wherein the first light blocking layer is provided with a plurality of light passing holes; and a first microlens array disposed above the first light blocking layer, wherein the first microlens is a quadrangular microlens which has an upper surface which is a spherical surface and whose lower surface is quadrangle and wherein the quadrangular microlenses are arranged so that they are next to each other; wherein the first microlens array is configured to converge an optical signal to the plurality of light passing holes of the first light blocking layer, and the optical signal is transmitted to the light detection array through the plurality of light passing holes of the first light blocking layer; wherein the first microlens array comprises a plurality of microlenses, and the light detection array comprises a plurality of pixel units, wherein a first microlens in the plurality of microlenses of the first microlens array is configured to converge a first optical signal from above the first microlens to a first light passing hole corresponding to the first microlens in light passing holes of the first light blocking layer, and the first optical signal is transmitted to a first pixel unit corresponding to the first microlens in the plurality of pixel units through the first light passing hole; wherein a ratio of an area of an orthographic projection of the first microlens on the light detection array to an area of the first pixel unit is greater than 70%; and wherein the optical signal is an optical signal in a first specific direction, a line direction of an optical center of the first microlens and a center of the first light passing hole is the same as the first specific direction, and a line direction of the center of the first light passing hole and a center of the first pixel unit is the same as the first specific direction.