A training apparatus comprising: a top structure, a bottom structure, and a traction structure disposed between the top structure and the bottom structure, and wherein the traction structure is configured to be retractable along an axial direction of the top or bottom structure to achieve relative movement between the top structure and the bottom structure, wherein the traction structure comprises a plurality of traction sub-structures, each of the plurality of traction sub-structures is configured to be independently retractable along the axial direction, wherein each of the plurality of traction sub-structures comprises an inflatable stacked structure, each stack of the stacked structure is stacked along a direction from the bottom structure to the top structure, wherein the training apparatus further comprises a drive device configured to control extension and retraction of the plurality of traction sub-structures, and wherein the drive device comprises: an inflation mechanism configured to inflate each of the stacked structures; a plurality of pairs of switching valves configured to respectively control inflation and deflation of each of the stacked structures, each pair of switching valves comprising an inflation valve and a deflation valve; and a control mechanism configured to control the inflation mechanism and the plurality of pairs of switching valves, wherein the inflation valve and the deflation valve comprise solenoid valves or electric valves, and the inflation valve and the deflation valve are independently controllable, wherein each deflation valve of the plurality of pairs of switching valves comprises a muffler disposed at an outlet end of the deflation valve. a top structure, a bottom structure, and a traction structure disposed between the top structure and the bottom structure, and wherein the traction structure is configured to be retractable along an axial direction of the top or bottom structure to achieve relative movement between the top structure and the bottom structure, wherein the traction structure comprises a plurality of traction sub-structures, each of the plurality of traction sub-structures is configured to be independently retractable along the axial direction, wherein each of the plurality of traction sub-structures comprises an inflatable stacked structure, each stack of the stacked structure is stacked along a direction from the bottom structure to the top structure, wherein the training apparatus further comprises a drive device configured to control extension and retraction of the plurality of traction sub-structures, and wherein the drive device comprises: an inflation mechanism configured to inflate each of the stacked structures; a plurality of pairs of switching valves configured to respectively control inflation and deflation of each of the stacked structures, each pair of switching valves comprising an inflation valve and a deflation valve; and a control mechanism configured to control the inflation mechanism and the plurality of pairs of switching valves, wherein the inflation valve and the deflation valve comprise solenoid valves or electric valves, and the inflation valve and the deflation valve are independently controllable, wherein each deflation valve of the plurality of pairs of switching valves comprises a muffler disposed at an outlet end of the deflation valve. an inflation mechanism configured to inflate each of the stacked structures; a plurality of pairs of switching valves configured to respectively control inflation and deflation of each of the stacked structures, each pair of switching valves comprising an inflation valve and a deflation valve; and a control mechanism configured to control the inflation mechanism and the plurality of pairs of switching valves, wherein the inflation valve and the deflation valve comprise solenoid valves or electric valves, and the inflation valve and the deflation valve are independently controllable, wherein each deflation valve of the plurality of pairs of switching valves comprises a muffler disposed at an outlet end of the deflation valve.