mhurhangee/ep-ind-claims huggingface dataset:
A method for manufacturing a photovoltaic cell comprising: ▪ forming a semiconductor substrate comprising opposite first and second surfaces; ▪ forming, on the first surface of the substrate, a first semiconductor area doped by implantation of first dopant elements across the substrate thickness and by thermal activation of the first implanted dopant elements at a first activation temperature; ▪ forming, on the second surface of the substrate, a second semiconductor area doped by implantation of second dopant elements across the substrate thickness and by thermal activation of the second implanted dopant elements at a second activation temperature lower than the first activation temperature; characterized in that the substrate has a thickness greater than 50 micrometers, and in that at least the thermal activation of the first dopant elements is performed by laser irradiation, the irradiation parameters being selected so that the radiation is absorbed at most down to a depth of the first micrometer of the substrate. ▪ forming a semiconductor substrate comprising opposite first and second surfaces; ▪ forming, on the first surface of the substrate, a first semiconductor area doped by implantation of first dopant elements across the substrate thickness and by thermal activation of the first implanted dopant elements at a first activation temperature; ▪ forming, on the second surface of the substrate, a second semiconductor area doped by implantation of second dopant elements across the substrate thickness and by thermal activation of the second implanted dopant elements at a second activation temperature lower than the first activation temperature;
A detection accuracy identifying method for identifying a detection accuracy for detecting a testing target nucleic acid, the detection accuracy identifying method comprising identifying a detection accuracy ability of the testing target nucleic acid, using a standard substance containing a known number of nucleic acid molecules and based on a probability at which the known number of nucleic acid molecules is detected, wherein the known number of nucleic acid molecules comprises two or more different integers.
A photovoltaic module, comprising a solar panel, wherein: a reflective insulating element and a plate are disposed at one side of the solar panel in sequence, the reflective insulating element is located between the solar panel and the plate such that the reflective insulating element reflects part of sunlight which passes through the solar panel, resulting in that the reflected sunlight passes through the solar panel again, and the plate is made of glass; a frame accommodating the plate, the reflective insulating element, and the solar panel; and one gap disposed between the plate and the reflective insulating element and another gap disposed between the solar panel and the reflective insulating element, forming two hollow layers. a reflective insulating element and a plate are disposed at one side of the solar panel in sequence, the reflective insulating element is located between the solar panel and the plate such that the reflective insulating element reflects part of sunlight which passes through the solar panel, resulting in that the reflected sunlight passes through the solar panel again, and the plate is made of glass; a frame accommodating the plate, the reflective insulating element, and the solar panel; and one gap disposed between the plate and the reflective insulating element and another gap disposed between the solar panel and the reflective insulating element, forming two hollow layers.
An authentication apparatus comprising: a secure element to perform a first authentication process; and a hardware-based one-time password generation element comprising a physically unclonable function to generate an OTP and perform a second authentication process, that relates to a submission of the OTP requested from at least one of a trusted service manager, a mobile network operator, a contents provider, and a service provider, the OTP generation element comprising a private key (PRIV_KEY D) generated using the PUF and a public key (PUB_KEY D) generated symmetric to and based on the private key (PRIV_KEY D), characterized in that the hardware-based OTP generation element is adapted to, in response to a request for the second authentication process, when a random number encrypted using the public key (PUB_KEY D) of the hardware-based OTP generation element is received from a certificate authority, decrypt the random number using the private key (PRIV_KEY D), and generate the OTP using the decrypted random number, wherein the hardware-based OTP generation element is disposed on a chip separate from the secure elements to have a die-chip wiring with the secure element, and transmits the OTP externally through an input and output interface of the secure elements, wherein when the public key (PUB_KEY D) is transmitted to the certificate authority, the hardware-based OTP generation element encrypts the public key (PUB_KEY D) using a PUF-personal identification number differing from the PUF and transmits the encrypted public key. a secure element to perform a first authentication process; and a hardware-based one-time password generation element comprising a physically unclonable function to generate an OTP and perform a second authentication process, that relates to a submission of the OTP requested from at least one of a trusted service manager, a mobile network operator, a contents provider, and a service provider, the OTP generation element comprising a private key (PRIV_KEY D) generated using the PUF and a public key (PUB_KEY D) generated symmetric to and based on the private key (PRIV_KEY D), characterized in that the hardware-based OTP generation element is adapted to, in response to a request for the second authentication process, when a random number encrypted using the public key (PUB_KEY D) of the hardware-based OTP generation element is received from a certificate authority, decrypt the random number using the private key (PRIV_KEY D), and generate the OTP using the decrypted random number, wherein the hardware-based OTP generation element is disposed on a chip separate from the secure elements to have a die-chip wiring with the secure element, and transmits the OTP externally through an input and output interface of the secure elements, wherein when the public key (PUB_KEY D) is transmitted to the certificate authority, the hardware-based OTP generation element encrypts the public key (PUB_KEY D) using a PUF-personal identification number differing from the PUF and transmits the encrypted public key.
A fibre optic cable comprising; at least one optical fibre, and a force transformer mechanically coupled to the at least one optical fibre; wherein the force transformer is configured to transform transverse forces due to dimension changes of the cable arising from a temperature variation of the cable into longitudinal forces to counteract the longitudinal component of said dimension change over a tuned temperature range; characterised in that the stiffness of the force transformer is configured with respect to a thermal coefficient of expansion of the fibre optic cable, such that a temperature variation within the tuned temperature range results in substantially no change of effective optical path length of the optical fibre within the fibre optic cable. at least one optical fibre, and a force transformer mechanically coupled to the at least one optical fibre; wherein the force transformer is configured to transform transverse forces due to dimension changes of the cable arising from a temperature variation of the cable into longitudinal forces to counteract the longitudinal component of said dimension change over a tuned temperature range; characterised in that the stiffness of the force transformer is configured with respect to a thermal coefficient of expansion of the fibre optic cable, such that a temperature variation within the tuned temperature range results in substantially no change of effective optical path length of the optical fibre within the fibre optic cable.
A burglary-prevention device for containers with telematic connection comprising: - an electronic lock, which can be coupled to a first lock eye and a second lock eye of leaves of a door of the container and comprises an RFID device; and - a telematic unit, connected to the RFID device and designed to communicate with a central control unit by transmitting the instantaneous position detected by the telematic unit; said telematic unit being designed to detect the integrity of the circuit connection between the RFID device and the telematic unit itself and being designed to emit a warning of possible burglary in the case of even partial interruption of said circuit connection, said device being characterized in that the electronic lock comprises: - an elongated body configured for engaging, in use, said lock eyes setting itself with its axis coinciding with the axis of the holes of the lock eyes (4a, 4b) themselves; said elongated body having a first end portion widened in a radial direction designed to bear upon a first lock eye; a second end portion of said elongated body being configured for providing an electrical and mechanical connection with a supporting structure that houses the RFID device; the supporting structure is configured for bearing, in use, upon a second lock eye; said elongated body houses, within it, a plurality of electrical lines, which present first ends communicating with an electrical cable that ensures the connection between said electronic lock and said telematic unit; said electrical lines having second free end portions that provide pads configured for providing an electrical connection with said RFID device when the supporting structure is properly coupled to the second end portion of said elongated body; decoupling of the supporting structure from said second end portion causes interruption of the electrical connection between the pads and the RFID device. - an electronic lock, which can be coupled to a first lock eye and a second lock eye of leaves of a door of the container and comprises an RFID device; and - a telematic unit, connected to the RFID device and designed to communicate with a central control unit by transmitting the instantaneous position detected by the telematic unit; said telematic unit being designed to detect the integrity of the circuit connection between the RFID device and the telematic unit itself and being designed to emit a warning of possible burglary in the case of even partial interruption of said circuit connection, - an elongated body configured for engaging, in use, said lock eyes setting itself with its axis coinciding with the axis of the holes of the lock eyes (4a, 4b) themselves;
A computer implemented method for registering fluoroscopic images, comprising: locating a registration artifact (10; 30) in a first position with respect to a patient's anatomy to be captured, the registration artifact (10; 30) including a plurality of radio-opaque fiducials (12, 14, 16; 32) arranged in a known geometric relationship and a plurality of trackable markers (20, 22, 24, 26; 34) disposed in a known geometric relationship to the plurality of radio-opaque fiducials (12, 14, 16; 32); capturing a first fluoroscopic image of the patient's anatomy and the registration artifact (10; 30) from a first perspective; determining a first position of the registration artifact (10; 30) in the first fluoroscopic image with respect to a reference coordinate frame by determining the position of the trackable markers (20, 22, 24, 26; 34) using the tracking system; capturing a second fluoroscopic image of the patient's anatomy and the registration artifact (10; 30) from a second perspective; determining a second position of the registration artifact (10; 30) in the second fluoroscopic image with respect to the reference coordinate frame by determining the position of the markers (20, 22, 24, 26; 34) using the tracking system; and registering the first and second fluoroscopic images using the positions of the fiducials (12, 14, 16; 32) in each fluoroscopic image and the determined first and second positions of the registration artifact (10; 30). locating a registration artifact (10; 30) in a first position with respect to a patient's anatomy to be captured, the registration artifact (10; 30) including a plurality of radio-opaque fiducials (12, 14, 16; 32) arranged in a known geometric relationship and a plurality of trackable markers (20, 22, 24, 26; 34) disposed in a known geometric relationship to the plurality of radio-opaque fiducials (12, 14, 16; 32); capturing a first fluoroscopic image of the patient's anatomy and the registration artifact (10; 30) from a first perspective; determining a first position of the registration artifact (10; 30) in the first fluoroscopic image with respect to a reference coordinate frame by determining the position of the trackable markers (20, 22, 24, 26; 34) using the tracking system; capturing a second fluoroscopic image of the patient's anatomy and the registration artifact (10; 30) from a second perspective; determining a second position of the registration artifact (10; 30) in the second fluoroscopic image with respect to the reference coordinate frame by determining the position of the markers (20, 22, 24, 26; 34) using the tracking system; and registering the first and second fluoroscopic images using the positions of the fiducials (12, 14, 16; 32) in each fluoroscopic image and the determined first and second positions of the registration artifact (10; 30).
Aqueous pigmented ink for use in a capillary reservoir system, comprising at least one pigment, at least one water-dispersible, film-forming component, about 0.5 to about 4.5 wt% of at least one suspension substance and about 0.01 to about 0.5 wt% of a gel former combination in an aqueous vehicle, the gel former combination comprising at least one mineral gel former and at least one organic thickener.
A door for a vehicle for the public transport of passengers comprising at least one leaf, said door comprising selective sealing means placed underneath the lower edge of said leaf and arranged to seal the interior space of said vehicle with respect to the exterior when said door is closed and so as not to obstruct the movement of said leaf during the opening of said door, said selective sealing means comprise an inflatable coil inflatable by means of a pneumatic system, said pneumatic system being the pneumatic opening system of said leaf, characterised in that, when it is inflated the coil occupies the entire gap at the bottom of said leaf to seal the interior of the vehicle, and in that when the body deflates it remains clung to said lower edge of said leaf, extending into said gap so as to avoid any friction with the floor of the vehicle, the coil being realized in polymeric material and being inflated at a pressure lower than 2 bar in order to avoid injures to passengers in said vehicle.
A venturi absorber tube for absorbing sulfur trioxide in sulfuric acid, whereby the venturi features a converging section, a throat section and a diverging section, with a first conduit at its top through which hot process gas containing sulfur trioxide is introduced, with a device for introducing sulfuric acid by spraying sulfuric acid co-currently to the sulfur trioxide gas stream, a conduit to withdraw liquid parts and a conduit to withdraw gaseous parts, an internal device located in or below the diverging section, characterized in that the internal device is a sieve tray, a multi-venturi array or a self-supporting dome featuring a convex shape and that the effective open space ratio of the internal device is between 40 and 80 %, i.e. a fraction of 0.40 to 0.80, preferably between 0.50 and 0.70.
A compressible cell for absorbing impact forces imparted thereto, comprising: an enclosure comprising a side wall (222a, 222b) that resists yielding in response to an impact during an initial phase thereof and that yields to the impact after the initial phase, the enclosure defining an inner chamber for containing a fluid; and at least one orifice in the enclosure for resistively venting fluid from the inner chamber so as to at least partially absorb the impact after the initial phase, wherein the side wall is configured to move inwardly when yielding so as to reduce a volume of the inner chamber and compress the fluid therein characterised in that the side wall (222a, 222b) comprises a pair of back-to-back frustoconical walls extending between parallel top and bottom walls (224, 226) and toeing in to meet at a medial plane of the cell. an enclosure comprising a side wall (222a, 222b) that resists yielding in response to an impact during an initial phase thereof and that yields to the impact after the initial phase, the enclosure defining an inner chamber for containing a fluid; and at least one orifice in the enclosure for resistively venting fluid from the inner chamber so as to at least partially absorb the impact after the initial phase, wherein the side wall is configured to move inwardly when yielding so as to reduce a volume of the inner chamber and compress the fluid therein characterised in that the side wall (222a, 222b) comprises a pair of back-to-back frustoconical walls extending between parallel top and bottom walls (224, 226) and toeing in to meet at a medial plane of the cell.
A fluid flow control device comprising a housing (3a-1), and a primary flow path (18b-d,18f-h,18j-18l) located inside the housing (3a-l) comprising a fluid inlet having a first fluid pressure P 1 and at least one fluid outlet having a third fluid pressure P 3, wherein at least one secondary flow path (19b-l) is arranged in fluid communication with the primary flow path (18b-d, 18f-h, 18j-18l), the secondary flow path (19b-l) comprising a first fluid flow restrictor and a second fluid flow restrictor serving as an inflow port to a chamber and an outflow port from the chamber, respectively, the first fluid flow restrictor and the second fluid flow restrictor being configured to generate different fluid flow characteristics based on their different fluid properties; wherein one of the said two fluid flow restrictors (1,2) is configured to impose substantially laminar flow characteristics on the fluid flowing through the restrictor (1,2), and the other fluid flow restrictor (1,2) is configured to impose substantially turbulent flow characteristics on a fluid flowing through the restrictor (1,2); the chamber having a second fluid pressure P 2, is further defined by actuating means (5,5b-j,5l) that is responsive to restrictor induced fluid pressure changes ( ΔP 2) in the chamber that occurs when a property of the fluid changes; the actuating means (5,5b-j,5l) being operatively connected to at least one valve device (4b-l) in the form of a moveable member arranged inside the housing (3a-l) between the fluid inlet and the at least one fluid outlet; which valve device (4b-l) is moveable between an open position at which the primary flow path (18b-d, 18h-f, 18j-l) is open and a closed position at which the primary flow path (18b-d, 18h-f, 18j-l) is closed, and wherein the valve device (4b-l) is biased towards the open position due to the first fluid pressure P 1 and towards a closed position due to said influenced fluid pressure changes ( ΔP 2).
An active robot wearable by a user comprising: - actuation means defining a single primary motion output; - a motion distribution element connected to said primary motion output to receive the motion generated by said actuation means in input and to distribute it in differential mode through two derivative motion outputs (110, 111); - two exoskeletal modules (20, 21) each connected to one of said two derivative motion outputs, arranged in line and adapted to each correspond to a body joint of said user where said body joint belongs to a pair of joints consecutively arranged on a limb, said robot further comprising braking means (14, 14') operatively associated with each of said derivative motion outputs, wherein said braking means acts on said derivative motion outputs to adjust the output power provided by each of them to the respective module (20, 21). - actuation means defining a single primary motion output; - a motion distribution element connected to said primary motion output to receive the motion generated by said actuation means in input and to distribute it in differential mode through two derivative motion outputs (110, 111); - two exoskeletal modules (20, 21) each connected to one of said two derivative motion outputs, arranged in line and adapted to each correspond to a body joint of said user where said body joint belongs to a pair of joints consecutively arranged on a limb, said robot further comprising braking means (14, 14') operatively associated with each of said derivative motion outputs, wherein said braking means acts on said derivative motion outputs to adjust the output power provided by each of them to the respective module (20, 21).
A device (100, 100') for washing a suspension of cells, the device comprising: a cylindrical inner wall (118, 118') extending about and along a longitudinal axis from a first end to a second end, the inner wall (118, 118') defining a central compartment (120, 120'); a cylindrical intermediate wall (122, 122') extending about and along the longitudinal axis from the first end to the second end, the cylindrical wall (122, 122') defining an intermediate compartment (124, 124') adjacent to the central compartment (120, 120'); a cylindrical outer wall extending about and along the longitudinal axis from the first end to a third end, the cylindrical outer wall defining an outer compartment (126, 126') adjacent to the intermediate compartment (124, 124'); a first valve positioned through the inner wall at or near the second end such that the central compartment (120, 120') is in fluid communication with the intermediate compartment (124, 124') when the valve is open; and an aperture positioned through the intermediate wall (122, 122') at or near the first end such that the intermediate compartment (124, 124') is in fluid communication with the outer compartment (126, 126'). a cylindrical inner wall (118, 118') extending about and along a longitudinal axis from a first end to a second end, the inner wall (118, 118') defining a central compartment (120, 120'); a cylindrical intermediate wall (122, 122') extending about and along the longitudinal axis from the first end to the second end, the cylindrical wall (122, 122') defining an intermediate compartment (124, 124') adjacent to the central compartment (120, 120'); a cylindrical outer wall extending about and along the longitudinal axis from the first end to a third end, the cylindrical outer wall defining an outer compartment (126, 126') adjacent to the intermediate compartment (124, 124'); a first valve positioned through the inner wall at or near the second end such that the central compartment (120, 120') is in fluid communication with the intermediate compartment (124, 124') when the valve is open; and an aperture positioned through the intermediate wall (122, 122') at or near the first end such that the intermediate compartment (124, 124') is in fluid communication with the outer compartment (126, 126').