A method of producing an elastically stretchable artificial leather comprising: a step of making microfiberizable fibers into a web; a step of entangling the obtained web to produce an entangled nonwoven fabric; a step of converting the microfiberizable fibers in the nonwoven fabric to microfine fibers, thereby producing a substrate for artificial leather; a step of producing an artificial leather by using the obtained substrate for artificial leather; and a step wherein the obtained artificial leather is brought into close contact with an elastomer sheet stretched in a machine direction by 5 to 40%; the artificial leather is allowed to shrink in the machine direction simultaneously with allowing the elastomer sheet to shrink in the machine direction by relaxing elongation of the elastomer sheet; the artificial leather is heat-treated in shrunk state; and then the artificial leather is peeled off from the elastomer sheet, wherein: the elastomer sheet is stretched in the machine direction by utilizing a difference between inner and outer circumferences of the curved elastomer sheet that is run in contact with a surface of a cylinder, or by utilizing an elongation when compressing the elastomer sheet; and then the elastomer sheet is allowed to shrink in the machine direction by relaxing the stretched state, thereby allowing the artificial leather to shrink in the machine direction, wherein the elastomer sheet runs along a cylinder while holding the artificial leather therebetween, thereby allowing a surface in contact with the artificial leather to shrink in the machine direction. a step of making microfiberizable fibers into a web; a step of entangling the obtained web to produce an entangled nonwoven fabric; a step of converting the microfiberizable fibers in the nonwoven fabric to microfine fibers, thereby producing a substrate for artificial leather; a step of producing an artificial leather by using the obtained substrate for artificial leather; and a step wherein the obtained artificial leather is brought into close contact with an elastomer sheet stretched in a machine direction by 5 to 40%; the artificial leather is allowed to shrink in the machine direction simultaneously with allowing the elastomer sheet to shrink in the machine direction by relaxing elongation of the elastomer sheet; the artificial leather is heat-treated in shrunk state; and then the artificial leather is peeled off from the elastomer sheet, wherein: the elastomer sheet is stretched in the machine direction by utilizing a difference between inner and outer circumferences of the curved elastomer sheet that is run in contact with a surface of a cylinder, or by utilizing an elongation when compressing the elastomer sheet; and then the elastomer sheet is allowed to shrink in the machine direction by relaxing the stretched state, thereby allowing the artificial leather to shrink in the machine direction, wherein the elastomer sheet runs along a cylinder while holding the artificial leather therebetween, thereby allowing a surface in contact with the artificial leather to shrink in the machine direction. the elastomer sheet is stretched in the machine direction by utilizing a difference between inner and outer circumferences of the curved elastomer sheet that is run in contact with a surface of a cylinder, or by utilizing an elongation when compressing the elastomer sheet; and then the elastomer sheet is allowed to shrink in the machine direction by relaxing the stretched state, thereby allowing the artificial leather to shrink in the machine direction, wherein