A bandwidth allocation method, comprising: obtaining, by a central office equipment, a required bandwidth value of each traffic bearing entity in each customer premises equipment from the customer premises equipment; when a total sum of a cumulative sum of fixed bandwidth configuration upper limits of the traffic bearing entities and a cumulative sum of assured bandwidth configuration upper limits of the traffic bearing entities is greater than a maximum bandwidth value of a passive optical network, PON, port of the central office equipment, determining, by the central office equipment based on a bandwidth configuration upper limit of each traffic bearing entity and the required bandwidth value of the traffic bearing entity, a bandwidth value actually allocated to the traffic bearing entity characterized in that it comprises: determining, by the central office equipment, the fixed bandwidth value of each traffic bearing entity based on the fixed bandwidth configuration upper limit value of the traffic bearing entity; and determining, by the central office equipment, the assured bandwidth value of each traffic bearing entity based on a first remaining bandwidth value of the PON port of the central office equipment and a bandwidth allocation ratio, wherein the first remaining bandwidth value of the PON port of the central office equipment is a difference between the maximum bandwidth value of the PON port of the central office equipment and a cumulative sum of the fixed bandwidth values of the traffic bearing entities, wherein the bandwidth configuration upper limit comprises the fixed bandwidth configuration upper limit value and the assured bandwidth configuration upper limit value and the bandwidth value actually allocated to the traffic bearing entity comprises a fixed bandwidth value of the traffic bearing entity and an assured bandwidth value of the traffic bearing entity; and sending (203, 304), by the central office equipment, an authorization message to each customer premises equipment, wherein the authorization message is used to indicate the bandwidth value actually allocated to each traffic bearing entity in the customer premises equipment. obtaining, by a central office equipment, a required bandwidth value of each traffic bearing entity in each customer premises equipment from the customer premises equipment; when a total sum of a cumulative sum of fixed bandwidth configuration upper limits of the traffic bearing entities and a cumulative sum of assured bandwidth configuration upper limits of the traffic bearing entities is greater than a maximum bandwidth value of a passive optical network, PON, port of the central office equipment, determining, by the central office equipment based on a bandwidth configuration upper limit of each traffic bearing entity and the required bandwidth value of the traffic bearing entity, a bandwidth value actually allocated to the traffic bearing entity characterized in that it comprises: determining, by the central office equipment, the fixed bandwidth value of each traffic bearing entity based on the fixed bandwidth configuration upper limit value of the traffic bearing entity; and determining, by the central office equipment, the assured bandwidth value of each traffic bearing entity based on a first remaining bandwidth value of the PON port of the central office equipment and a bandwidth allocation ratio, wherein the first remaining bandwidth value of the PON port of the central office equipment is a difference between the maximum bandwidth value of the PON port of the central office equipment and a cumulative sum of the fixed bandwidth values of the traffic bearing entities, wherein the bandwidth configuration upper limit comprises the fixed bandwidth configuration upper limit value and the assured bandwidth configuration upper limit value and the bandwidth value actually allocated to the traffic bearing entity comprises a fixed bandwidth value of the traffic bearing entity and an assured bandwidth value of the traffic bearing entity; and determining, by the central office equipment, the fixed bandwidth value of each traffic bearing entity based on the fixed bandwidth configuration upper limit value of the traffic bearing entity; and determining, by the central office equipment, the assured bandwidth value of each traffic bearing entity based on a first remaining bandwidth value of the PON port of the central office equipment and a bandwidth allocation ratio, wherein the first remaining bandwidth value of the PON port of the central office equipment is a difference between the maximum bandwidth value of the PON port of the central office equipment and a cumulative sum of the fixed bandwidth values of the traffic bearing entities, wherein the bandwidth configuration upper limit comprises the fixed bandwidth configuration upper limit value and the assured bandwidth configuration upper limit value and the bandwidth value actually allocated to the traffic bearing entity comprises a fixed bandwidth value of the traffic bearing entity and an assured bandwidth value of the traffic bearing entity; and sending (203, 304), by the central office equipment, an authorization message to each customer premises equipment, wherein the authorization message is used to indicate the bandwidth value actually allocated to each traffic bearing entity in the customer premises equipment.