A neck traction device, comprising: a supporting portion comprising: a neck support body located at a center portion of the supporting portion (S 1) and having a top surface configured to support a neck of a user and a bottom surface concavely provided with a first groove; two shoulder abutting bodies respectively extending from a front side of the supporting portion, having front surfaces configured to abut against shoulders of the user, and located at positions of the supporting portion that are nearer to a right side of the supporting portion than to a left side of the supporting portion and nearer to the left side than to the right side, respectively, wherein a bottom surface of each of the shoulder abutting bodies is concavely provided with a second groove; a first airbag configured to be accommodated within the first groove, expand or contract along a first axis, and displace a top surface of the neck support body along the first axis; two second airbags, each configured to be accommodated within a corresponding one of the second grooves, expand or contract along a second axis perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to the first axis, and displace a front surface of a corresponding one of the shoulder abutting bodies along the second axis; and an inflation device configured to be connected to the first airbag and the second airbags, respectively, and inflate or deflate the first airbag and the second airbags to change expansion or contraction degrees of the first airbag and the second airbags; and a bearing portion configured to bear an occiput of a user when the user is in a supine position, wherein a height of a top surface of the bearing portion is lower than a height of a top surface of the supporting portion (S 1). a supporting portion comprising: a neck support body located at a center portion of the supporting portion (S 1) and having a top surface configured to support a neck of a user and a bottom surface concavely provided with a first groove; two shoulder abutting bodies respectively extending from a front side of the supporting portion, having front surfaces configured to abut against shoulders of the user, and located at positions of the supporting portion that are nearer to a right side of the supporting portion than to a left side of the supporting portion and nearer to the left side than to the right side, respectively, wherein a bottom surface of each of the shoulder abutting bodies is concavely provided with a second groove; a first airbag configured to be accommodated within the first groove, expand or contract along a first axis, and displace a top surface of the neck support body along the first axis; two second airbags, each configured to be accommodated within a corresponding one of the second grooves, expand or contract along a second axis perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to the first axis, and displace a front surface of a corresponding one of the shoulder abutting bodies along the second axis; and an inflation device configured to be connected to the first airbag and the second airbags, respectively, and inflate or deflate the first airbag and the second airbags to change expansion or contraction degrees of the first airbag and the second airbags; and a neck support body located at a center portion of the supporting portion (S 1) and having a top surface configured to support a neck of a user and a bottom surface concavely provided with a first groove; two shoulder abutting bodies respectively extending from a front side of the supporting portion, having front surfaces configured to abut against shoulders of the user, and located at positions of the supporting portion that are nearer to a right side of the supporting portion than to a left side of the supporting portion and nearer to the left side than to the right side, respectively, wherein a bottom surface of each of the shoulder abutting bodies is concavely provided with a second groove; a first airbag configured to be accommodated within the first groove, expand or contract along a first axis, and displace a top surface of the neck support body along the first axis; two second airbags, each configured to be accommodated within a corresponding one of the second grooves, expand or contract along a second axis perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to the first axis, and displace a front surface of a corresponding one of the shoulder abutting bodies along the second axis; and an inflation device configured to be connected to the first airbag and the second airbags, respectively, and inflate or deflate the first airbag and the second airbags to change expansion or contraction degrees of the first airbag and the second airbags; and a bearing portion configured to bear an occiput of a user when the user is in a supine position, wherein a height of a top surface of the bearing portion is lower than a height of a top surface of the supporting portion (S 1).