A battery control system, comprising: a plurality of battery components configured to store electrical energy and to supply power to a load; a plurality of switch units coupled to the plurality of the battery components and configured to switch connection modes of the plurality of battery components to form various types of charging-discharging paths; a first control unit coupled to the plurality of the switch units correspondingly, and configured to control switching of the plurality of the switch units in response to receiving a charging control signal, to form a series charging path by arranging the plurality of the battery components to be coupled in series or a plurality of parallel charging paths by arranging the plurality of the battery components to be coupled in parallel, or configured to control the switching of the plurality of the switch units in response to receiving a discharging control signal, to form a plurality of parallel discharging paths by arranging the plurality of the battery components to be coupled in parallel; an interface module, configured to be coupled to an external charging device; a first switch module coupled to the interface module and the first control unit correspondingly, and configured to turn on or turn off a path formed by the interface module and the first control unit; a second control unit coupled to the first switch module, configured to identify the external charging device, and control the first switch module to turn on to supply power to the load, in response to the external charging device being a preset charging device, and output the charging control signal to the first control unit to enable the external charging device to charge the plurality of the battery components coupled in series, wherein the preset charging device is a fast charger; and a step-down module, coupled to the first switch module and the load correspondingly, and configured to reduce a voltage output by the external charging device for supplying power to the load when the preset charging device supplies power to the load. a plurality of battery components configured to store electrical energy and to supply power to a load; a plurality of switch units coupled to the plurality of the battery components and configured to switch connection modes of the plurality of battery components to form various types of charging-discharging paths; a first control unit coupled to the plurality of the switch units correspondingly, and configured to control switching of the plurality of the switch units in response to receiving a charging control signal, to form a series charging path by arranging the plurality of the battery components to be coupled in series or a plurality of parallel charging paths by arranging the plurality of the battery components to be coupled in parallel, or configured to control the switching of the plurality of the switch units in response to receiving a discharging control signal, to form a plurality of parallel discharging paths by arranging the plurality of the battery components to be coupled in parallel; an interface module, configured to be coupled to an external charging device; a first switch module coupled to the interface module and the first control unit correspondingly, and configured to turn on or turn off a path formed by the interface module and the first control unit; a second control unit coupled to the first switch module, configured to identify the external charging device, and control the first switch module to turn on to supply power to the load, in response to the external charging device being a preset charging device, and output the charging control signal to the first control unit to enable the external charging device to charge the plurality of the battery components coupled in series, wherein the preset charging device is a fast charger; and a step-down module, coupled to the first switch module and the load correspondingly, and configured to reduce a voltage output by the external charging device for supplying power to the load when the preset charging device supplies power to the load.