mhurhangee/ep-ind-claims huggingface dataset:
An apparatus comprising: a radiation absorption layer configured to generate charge carriers therein from a radiation particle absorbed by the radiation absorption layer, the radiation absorption layer comprising semiconductor material having a doped region; a first electrode on a surface of the radiation absorption layer in electrical contact with the doped region; a second electrode; wherein the first electrode comprises a tip which is tapered or has the shape of a cone, frustum, prism, pyramid, cuboid or cylinder to define a geometry configured to generate an electric field between the first and second electrodes in an amplification region of the radiation absorption layer, the electric field having a field strength sufficient to cause an avalanche of the charge carriers in the amplification region; said apparatus being characterized in that said second electrode is on an opposite surface of the radiation absorption layer from the first electrode. a radiation absorption layer configured to generate charge carriers therein from a radiation particle absorbed by the radiation absorption layer, the radiation absorption layer comprising semiconductor material having a doped region; a first electrode on a surface of the radiation absorption layer in electrical contact with the doped region; a second electrode; wherein the first electrode comprises a tip which is tapered or has the shape of a cone, frustum, prism, pyramid, cuboid or cylinder to define a geometry configured to generate an electric field between the first and second electrodes in an amplification region of the radiation absorption layer, the electric field having a field strength sufficient to cause an avalanche of the charge carriers in the amplification region; said apparatus being characterized in that said second electrode is on an opposite surface of the radiation absorption layer from the first electrode.
A network topology collecting method, in a system comprising a master device and slave devices sorted into a plurality of groups, the method comprising the steps of: generating topology collection messages (410, 420, 610) corresponding to a slave device present in a network, by the master device; setting a flag of a region of the topology collection messages (410, 420, 610), corresponding to the slave device, and transmitting the topology collection messages (410, 420, 610) in broadcast, by the master device; checking whether a flag is set in a region of the slave device among a plurality of regions of the topology collection messages (410, 420, 610) upon receiving the topology collection messages (410, 420, 610) from the master device, by the slave device; and transmitting by the slave device topology collection messages (410, 420, 610) to a next slave device or allocating an identifier of the slave device to a response message and transmitting the response message to a next slave device, according to the result of the checking. generating topology collection messages (410, 420, 610) corresponding to a slave device present in a network, by the master device; setting a flag of a region of the topology collection messages (410, 420, 610), corresponding to the slave device, and transmitting the topology collection messages (410, 420, 610) in broadcast, by the master device; checking whether a flag is set in a region of the slave device among a plurality of regions of the topology collection messages (410, 420, 610) upon receiving the topology collection messages (410, 420, 610) from the master device, by the slave device; and transmitting by the slave device topology collection messages (410, 420, 610) to a next slave device or allocating an identifier of the slave device to a response message and transmitting the response message to a next slave device, according to the result of the checking.
Resistor for a control valve comprising: - a plurality of modules, comprising one or more annular discs stacked to each other, each module being provided with inlet openings and outlet openings in fluid communication through radial passages (13, 131), changes of direction and axial passages (14, 141) formed inside of said annular discs, - a lower plate and an upper plate between which the plurality of modules is interposed, - fastening means which stably connect the lower plate and the upper plate and the plurality of modules, the resistor having inter-modular axial passages which bring into fluid communication the radial passages (13, 131) and the axial passages (14, 141) of different modules of said plurality of modules at any percentage of shutter stroke, wherein said annular discs have indentations in correspondence of the outlet openings, wherein the height of the radial passages upstream of the inter-modular axial passages is greater than the height of the radial passages downstream of the inter-modular axial passages, the resistor being characterized in that the height of the axial passages upstream of the inter-modular axial passages is greater than the height of the axial passages downstream of the inter-modular axial passages. - a plurality of modules, comprising one or more annular discs stacked to each other, each module being provided with inlet openings and outlet openings in fluid communication through radial passages (13, 131), changes of direction and axial passages (14, 141) formed inside of said annular discs, - a lower plate and an upper plate between which the plurality of modules is interposed, - fastening means which stably connect the lower plate and the upper plate and the plurality of modules, the resistor having inter-modular axial passages which bring into fluid communication the radial passages (13, 131) and the axial passages (14, 141) of different modules of said plurality of modules at any percentage of shutter stroke, wherein the height of the radial passages upstream of the inter-modular axial passages is greater than the height of the radial passages downstream of the inter-modular axial passages, the resistor being characterized in that the height of the axial passages upstream of the inter-modular axial passages is greater than the height of the axial passages downstream of the inter-modular axial passages.
A wirelessly detectable object (118, 700) to use in medical procedures, comprising: - a radio frequency identification (RFID) transponder (120, 306, 410, 512b, 512c, 612b, 612c, 710) configured to wirelessly receive a first interrogation signal and wirelessly return a first response signal that contains identification information associated with the wirelessly detectable object; - a presence transponder (122, 206, 256, 312, 408, 508b, 508c, 608b, 608c) configured to wirelessly receive a second interrogation signal and wirelessly return a second response signal that does not contain identification information; - a piece of absorbent material; and characterized by - a pouch (202, 252, 304, 402, 502, 602, 701) comprising at least a first flexible layer (208, 258, 404, 504b, 504c, 604b, 604c, 702) that forms an interior cavity, the presence transponder received and freely movable within the interior cavity, the presence transponder independently movable with respect to the RFID transponder, the pouch and the RFID transponder physically coupled to at least a portion of the piece of absorbent material (106, 506b, 506c, 606b, 606c, 704). - a radio frequency identification (RFID) transponder (120, 306, 410, 512b, 512c, 612b, 612c, 710) configured to wirelessly receive a first interrogation signal and wirelessly return a first response signal that contains identification information associated with the wirelessly detectable object; - a presence transponder (122, 206, 256, 312, 408, 508b, 508c, 608b, 608c) configured to wirelessly receive a second interrogation signal and wirelessly return a second response signal that does not contain identification information; - a piece of absorbent material; and - a pouch (202, 252, 304, 402, 502, 602, 701) comprising at least a first flexible layer (208, 258, 404, 504b, 504c, 604b, 604c, 702) that forms an interior cavity, the presence transponder received and freely movable within the interior cavity, the presence transponder independently movable with respect to the RFID transponder, the pouch and the RFID transponder physically coupled to at least a portion of the piece of absorbent material (106, 506b, 506c, 606b, 606c, 704).
A light emitting semi conductor device comprising a stack, the stack comprising a cathode, a semiconductor layer comprising an emissive material having an emission in the range of 300-900 nm, an insulating layer, and an anode, wherein the cathode is in electrical contact with the semiconductor layer, wherein the anode is in electrical contact with the insulating layer, wherein the insulating layer has a thickness in the range of up to 50 nm, and characterised in that the semiconductor layer comprises aluminum doped zinc magnesium oxide layer having 1-350 ppm Al.
A lighting device comprising: a heat radiating body comprising a first receiving groove formed on a bottom surface thereof and a second receiving groove formed on a top surface thereof; a reflective structure being disposed in the first receiving groove and comprising a reflective surface reflecting incident light to the outside, wherein the reflective surface has a hemispherical shape; a light emitting module unit being disposed on the circumference of the bottom surface of the heat radiating body and emitting light; a cover comprising an inner surface being disposed under the light emitting module unit and reflecting light emitted from the light emitting module unit to the reflective structure, wherein the cover has an opening for allowing the light reflected from the reflective structure to be emitted to the outside; and a power supply controller disposed in the second receiving groove and electrically connected to the light emitting module unit. a heat radiating body comprising a first receiving groove formed on a bottom surface thereof and a second receiving groove formed on a top surface thereof; a reflective structure being disposed in the first receiving groove and comprising a reflective surface reflecting incident light to the outside, wherein the reflective surface has a hemispherical shape; a light emitting module unit being disposed on the circumference of the bottom surface of the heat radiating body and emitting light; a cover comprising an inner surface being disposed under the light emitting module unit and reflecting light emitted from the light emitting module unit to the reflective structure, wherein the cover has an opening for allowing the light reflected from the reflective structure to be emitted to the outside; and a power supply controller disposed in the second receiving groove and electrically connected to the light emitting module unit.
Package structure for glass necked containers for pharmaceutical use, comprising a tray accommodating - at a raised position with respect to its bottom - a support plane consisting of two flat parts (4a, 4b) having, for the introduction of said containers, a plurality of holes spaced from each other with a preset spatial order and having a central symmetry axis orthogonal to said support plane, characterized in that said support plane further comprises, at each of said holes, elastically yielding flexible flaps adapted to hold the container under a bulged section of the upper part of the neck of said container by means of a holding force radial with respect to said central symmetry axis, said flaps extending into the volume defined by projecting the perimeter of each of said holes in a direction parallel to said central symmetry axis, and in that said flat parts (4a, 4b) are capable of relative translational sliding to mutually fasten at an overlapped position by means of a bayonet fastening system which develops perimetrally on the support plane and provides for mutual engagement members (42,43), one of which is provided with a snap-tooth couplable into a corresponding snap-seat of the other.
Method for modifying isocyanates, in which method at least pentamethylene diisocyanate is oligomerized in the presence of at least one catalyst, where the catalyst comprises at least one spirocyclic ammonium salt having a cation of the formula I as catalysts for the isocyanate modification, where the nitrogen substituents X and Y are identical or different, substituted or unsubstituted C 2 -C 20 -alkylene chains optionally interrupted by heteroatoms (O, N, S) and aromatic rings.
A vehicle airbag system comprising: a front passenger side airbag that is stored on a front passenger seat side of an instrument panel, and that inflates and deploys toward the front passenger seat side by a first inflator being activated and gas being supplied; a curtain airbag that is stored between a roof side rail portion and a roof head lining, and that is inflated and deployed to an inside of a side door by a second inflator being activated and gas being supplied; and a controller that is connected to the first inflator and the second inflator, and that is configured to, when a small overlap collision occurs, activate the first inflator, and then after inflation and deployment of the front passenger side airbag is complete, activate the second inflator; characterized by a side airbag that is stored in a door trim or a side portion on a side door side of a seat back of a passenger seat, and that is inflated and deployed toward a seat front side by a third inflator being activated and gas being supplied, wherein the controller being configured to activate the third inflator after activating the second inflator. a front passenger side airbag that is stored on a front passenger seat side of an instrument panel, and that inflates and deploys toward the front passenger seat side by a first inflator being activated and gas being supplied; a curtain airbag that is stored between a roof side rail portion and a roof head lining, and that is inflated and deployed to an inside of a side door by a second inflator being activated and gas being supplied; and a controller that is connected to the first inflator and the second inflator, and that is configured to, when a small overlap collision occurs, activate the first inflator, and then after inflation and deployment of the front passenger side airbag is complete, activate the second inflator; characterized by a side airbag that is stored in a door trim or a side portion on a side door side of a seat back of a passenger seat, and that is inflated and deployed toward a seat front side by a third inflator being activated and gas being supplied, wherein the controller being configured to activate the third inflator after activating the second inflator.
A process for preparing carboxylic acids and/or carboxylic anhydrides by gas phase oxidation of aromatic hydrocarbons, in which a gas stream comprising at least one aromatic hydrocarbon and molecular oxygen is passed continuously over a catalyst thermostatted by a heat carrier medium, which comprises lowering the temperature of the heat carrier medium during the startup of the reactor from a temperature in the range from 380 to 410°C to a temperature in the range of 340 to 365°C and keeping it constant for at least 24 hours with a variation of less than 0.1°C per 24 hours, during which neither the loading of the gas stream with hydrocarbons nor the gas stream volume is increased by more than 3%.
A mandrel comprising a stationary part and a movable part, the stationary part comprising a tubular sleeve having a mantle wall with a longitudinal semi-circumferential opening or weakening, which divides the stationary part into a proximal portion on the proximal side of the opening or weakening and a distal portion on the distal side of the opening or weakening; the movable part comprising a rod-like member, which is slidable within the proximal portion of the stationary part; wherein the movable part is attached to the distal portion of the stationary part, and wherein the stationary part further comprises an end portion at the distal portion, said end portion having a circular cross-section, and characterized in that a distal portion of the movable part is attached to the inside of the circular cross-section of the end portion of the stationary part by an attachment layer, and wherein the movable part is provided with a sharp distal end portion arranged to extend distally beyond the end portion of the stationary part, to thereby form a distal end of the mandrel, and wherein the distal end of the movable part is sharp.
A frequency offset estimation and compensation method, comprising following steps of: determining a plurality of search angles of a plurality of symbols in respective symbol subgroups in a K th symbol group in a received signal based on a phase search algorithm, wherein any one of the symbol subgroups consists of at least two symbols of which phase noise can be regarded as the same, the K th symbol group comprises more than one symbol subgroup, and K is greater than or equal to 1; determining a subgroup frequency offset estimate of each symbol subgroup based on the search angles of the symbols in each symbol subgroup; determining a frequency offset estimate of the K th symbol group based on the subgroup frequency offset estimates of all symbol subgroups; and compensating a frequency offset of a (K+1) th symbol group in the received signal based on the frequency offset estimate of the K th symbol group; characterized in that, determining a frequency offset estimate of the K th symbol group based on the subgroup frequency offset estimates of all symbol subgroups comprises a step of: determining a mean value of the frequency offset estimates of all symbol subgroups as the frequency offset estimate of the K th symbol group. determining a plurality of search angles of a plurality of symbols in respective symbol subgroups in a K th symbol group in a received signal based on a phase search algorithm, wherein any one of the symbol subgroups consists of at least two symbols of which phase noise can be regarded as the same, the K th symbol group comprises more than one symbol subgroup, and K is greater than or equal to 1; determining a subgroup frequency offset estimate of each symbol subgroup based on the search angles of the symbols in each symbol subgroup; determining a frequency offset estimate of the K th symbol group based on the subgroup frequency offset estimates of all symbol subgroups; and compensating a frequency offset of a (K+1) th symbol group in the received signal based on the frequency offset estimate of the K th symbol group; characterized in that, determining a frequency offset estimate of the K th symbol group based on the subgroup frequency offset estimates of all symbol subgroups comprises a step of: determining a mean value of the frequency offset estimates of all symbol subgroups as the frequency offset estimate of the K th symbol group.
An apparatus for mixing and atomizing a hydrocarbon stream using a diluent/dispersion stream, said apparatus comprising: an inner conduit and an outer conduit concentric to each other to define an annular space, said outer conduit having an inlet for receiving the hydrocarbon stream and an outlet for dispensing a mixture comprising the hydrocarbon and the dispersion/diluent streams; a diluent/dispersion stream distributor being in connection with the inner conduit and defining a central orifice and a first set of orifices, said first set of orifices adapted to direct a first portion of the dispersion/diluent stream into the annular space and said central orifice adapted to direct a second portion of the diluent/dispersion stream into the inner conduit; at least one contraction member in the form of a tapered section and at least one expansion member in the form of a tapered section, said contraction member located downstream of the first set of orifices and said expansion member located downstream said contraction member; and the inner conduit located downstream of said expansion member comprises a second set of orifices, said second set of orifices disposed on a periphery of the inner conduit and adapted to dispense a second portion of the dispersion/diluent stream into the annular space. an inner conduit and an outer conduit concentric to each other to define an annular space, said outer conduit having an inlet for receiving the hydrocarbon stream and an outlet for dispensing a mixture comprising the hydrocarbon and the dispersion/diluent streams; a diluent/dispersion stream distributor being in connection with the inner conduit and defining a central orifice and a first set of orifices, said first set of orifices adapted to direct a first portion of the dispersion/diluent stream into the annular space and said central orifice adapted to direct a second portion of the diluent/dispersion stream into the inner conduit; at least one contraction member in the form of a tapered section and at least one expansion member in the form of a tapered section, said contraction member located downstream of the first set of orifices and said expansion member located downstream said contraction member; and the inner conduit located downstream of said expansion member comprises a second set of orifices, said second set of orifices disposed on a periphery of the inner conduit and adapted to dispense a second portion of the dispersion/diluent stream into the annular space.
A method for encoding a block-based communication system header, comprising: encoding a physical, PHY, layer header and a medium access control, MAC, header of the block-based communication system header to generate parity bits, wherein the PHY layer header includes at least block-coded cyclic prefix, CP, mode bits, wherein the encoding of the PHY layer header and the MAC header is systematic Reed-Salomon, RS, encoding; appending the parity bits to the PHY layer header and the MAC layer header to generate a bit vector; dividing the bit vector into at least two data blocks, wherein a first data block includes at least the CP mode bits; appending a predefined number of tail bits to each data block of the at least two data blocks; and encoding the at least two data blocks; and mapping the at least two data blocks into at least two symbols, wherein the first data block is mapped to a first symbol, such that the first symbol is a first header symbol being transmitted. encoding a physical, PHY, layer header and a medium access control, MAC, header of the block-based communication system header to generate parity bits, wherein the PHY layer header includes at least block-coded cyclic prefix, CP, mode bits, wherein the encoding of the PHY layer header and the MAC header is systematic Reed-Salomon, RS, encoding; appending the parity bits to the PHY layer header and the MAC layer header to generate a bit vector; dividing the bit vector into at least two data blocks, wherein a first data block includes at least the CP mode bits; appending a predefined number of tail bits to each data block of the at least two data blocks; and encoding the at least two data blocks; and mapping the at least two data blocks into at least two symbols, wherein the first data block is mapped to a first symbol, such that the first symbol is a first header symbol being transmitted.