A compound having the structure wherein bond α and β are each, independently, present or absent; X is CR 5 or N; Y is CR 10 or N; R 1 is -C R 14, -C R 14, or -C(=NH)R 14, wherein R 14 is C 2-10 alkyl, C 2-10 alkenyl, C 2-10 alkynyl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, methoxy, -OR 15, -NR 16 R 17, or wherein R 15 is H, C 3-10 alkyl, C 2-10 alkenyl, C 2-10 alkynyl; R 16 and R 17 are each, independently, H, C 1-10 alkyl, C 2-10 alkenyl, C 2-10 alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, or heterocyclyl; R 18, R 19, R 21, and R 22 are each independently H, halogen, -NO 2, -CN, -NR 23 R 24, -SR 23, -SO 2 R 23,-CO 2 R 23, -OR 25, CF 3, -SOR 23, -POR 23, -C(=S)R 23,-C(=NH)R 23, -C(=NR 24)R 23, -C(=N)R 23,-P(=O)(OR 23)(OR 24), -P(OR 23)(OR 24), -C(=S)R 23, C 1-10 alkyl, C 2-10 alkenyl, C 2-10 alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, or heterocyclyl; wherein R 23, R 24, and R 25 are each, independently, H, C 1-10 alkyl, C 2-10 alkenyl, C 2-10 alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, or heterocyclyl; R 20 is halogen, -NO 2, -CN, -NR 26 R 27, CF 3, C 1-10 alkyl, C 2-10 alkenyl, C 2-10 alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, or heterocyclyl; wherein R 26 and R 27 are each, independently, H, C 1-10 alkyl, C 2-10 alkenyl, C 2-10 alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, or heterocyclyl; R 2, R 3, R 4, R 5, R 6, R 7, R 8, R 9, R 10, and R 11 are each independently, H, halogen, -NO 2, -CN, -NR 28 R 29, -NHR 2s R 29 +,-SR 28, -SO 2 R 28, -OR 28, -CO 2 R 28, CF 3, C 1-10 alkyl, C 2-10 alkenyl, C 2-10 alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, or heterocyclyl; wherein R 28 and R 29 are each, H, CF 3, C 1-10 alkyl, C 2-10 alkenyl, C 2-10 alkynyl, or -C(=O)-heterocyclyl; and wherein each occurrence of alkyl, alkenyl, or alkynyl is branched or unbranched, unsubstituted or substituted with halogen, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, tert-butyl, trifluoromethyl, hydroxyl, methoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, isopropoxy, phenoxy, benzyloxy, p-trifluoromethylbenzyloxy, trifluoromethanesulfonyl, methanesulfonyl, p-toluenesulfonyl, nitro, nitrosyl, mercapto, methylsulfanyl, ethylsulfanyl, propylsulfanyl, cyano, amino, methylamino, dimethylamino, ethylamino, diethylamino or carboxyl; or a salt thereof. bond α and β are each, independently, present or absent; X is CR 5 or N; Y is CR 10 or N; R 1 is -C R 14, -C R 14, or -C(=NH)R 14, wherein R 14 is C 2-10 alkyl, C 2-10 alkenyl, C 2-10 alkynyl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, methoxy, -OR 15, -NR 16 R 17, or wherein R 15 is H, C 3-10 alkyl, C 2-10 alkenyl, C 2-10 alkynyl; R 16 and R 17 are each, independently, H, C 1-10 alkyl, C 2-10 alkenyl, C 2-10 alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, or heterocyclyl; R 18, R 19, R 21, and R 22 are each independently H, halogen, -NO 2, -CN, -NR 23 R 24, -SR 23, -SO 2 R 23,-CO 2 R 23, -OR 25, CF 3, -SOR 23, -POR 23, -C(=S)R 23,-C(=NH)R 23, -C(=NR 24)R 23, -C(=N)R 23,-P(=O)(OR 23)(OR 24), -P(OR 23)(OR 24), -C(=S)R 23, C 1-10 alkyl, C 2-10 alkenyl, C 2-10 alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, or heterocyclyl; wherein R 23, R 24, and R 25 are each, independently, H, C 1-10 alkyl, C 2-10 alkenyl, C 2-10 alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, or heterocyclyl; R 20 is halogen, -NO 2, -CN, -NR 26 R 27, CF 3, C 1-10 alkyl, C 2-10 alkenyl, C 2-10 alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, or heterocyclyl; wherein R 26 and R 27 are each, independently, H, C 1-10 alkyl, C 2-10 alkenyl, C 2-10 alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, or heterocyclyl; wherein R 15 is H, C 3-10 alkyl, C 2-10 alkenyl, C 2-10 alkynyl; R 16 and R 17 are each, independently, H, C 1-10 alkyl, C 2-10 alkenyl, C 2-10 alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, or heterocyclyl; R 18, R 19, R 21, and R 22 are each independently H, halogen, -NO 2, -CN, -NR 23 R 24, -SR 23, -SO 2 R 23,-CO 2 R 23, -OR 25, CF 3, -SOR 23, -POR 23, -C(=S)R 23,-C(=NH)R 23, -C(=NR 24)R 23, -C(=N)R 23,-P(=O)(OR 23)(OR 24), -P(OR 23)(OR 24), -C(=S)R 23, C 1-10 alkyl, C 2-10 alkenyl, C 2-10 alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, or heterocyclyl; wherein R 23, R 24, and R 25 are each, independently, H, C 1-10 alkyl, C 2-10 alkenyl, C 2-10 alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, or heterocyclyl; R 20 is halogen, -NO 2, -CN, -NR 26 R 27, CF 3, C 1-10 alkyl, C 2-10 alkenyl, C 2-10 alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, or heterocyclyl; wherein R 26 and R 27 are each, independently, H, C 1-10 alkyl, C 2-10 alkenyl, C 2-10 alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, or heterocyclyl; R 2, R 3, R 4, R 5, R 6, R 7, R 8, R 9, R 10, and R 11 are each independently, H, halogen, -NO 2, -CN, -NR 28 R 29, -NHR 2s R 29 +,-SR 28, -SO 2 R 28, -OR 28, -CO 2 R 28, CF 3, C 1-10 alkyl, C 2-10 alkenyl, C 2-10 alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, or heterocyclyl; wherein R 28 and R 29 are each, H, CF 3, C 1-10 alkyl, C 2-10 alkenyl, C 2-10 alkynyl, or -C(=O)-heterocyclyl; and wherein each occurrence of alkyl, alkenyl, or alkynyl is branched or unbranched, unsubstituted or substituted with halogen, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, tert-butyl, trifluoromethyl, hydroxyl, methoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, isopropoxy, phenoxy, benzyloxy, p-trifluoromethylbenzyloxy, trifluoromethanesulfonyl, methanesulfonyl, p-toluenesulfonyl, nitro, nitrosyl, mercapto, methylsulfanyl, ethylsulfanyl, propylsulfanyl, cyano, amino, methylamino, dimethylamino, ethylamino, diethylamino or carboxyl;