A label-free method of detecting an unlabeled analyte on a detectable array, said detectable array comprising: a substrate with a plurality of surfaces for binding one or more analytes, each surface independently comprising: one or more substrate coatings on the surface for fixing one or more macromolecules to the surface of the substrate, said one or more substrate coatings comprising at least one silane or at least one siloxane; and one or more macromolecules affixed to at least a portion of the one or more substrate coatings, the one or more macromolecules being arranged in a pattern on the substrate coating and comprising a plurality of binding sites for binding a plurality of analytes; wherein each macromolecule has been affixed to the substrate coating by polymerizing a functional group on the silane or siloxane into the macromolecule backbone; wherein each macromolecule comprises a polymer of monomers selected from a group consisting of acrylamide; 2-carboxyethyl acrylate; acrylic acid; N-[tris(hydroxymethyl)methy] acrylamide; hydroxypropyl acrylates; 4-hydroxybutyl acrylate; N-hydroxyethyl acrylamide; N,N-dimethylacrylamide; N-(1,1-dimethyl-3-oxobutyl) acrylamide; N-iso-propylacrylamide; (meth)acrylates; 2-cyanoethyl acrylate; ethylene glycol phenyl ether acrylate; N-tert-octylacrylamide; 1-(acryloyloxy)-3-(methacryloyloxy)-2-propanol; bis-acrylamide; trimethylolpropane triacrylate, and combinations thereof; and wherein the identity, pattern, or both identity and pattern of the one or more macromolecules on the one or more substrate coatings of each of the plurality of surfaces is not identical to the identity, pattern, or both identity and pattern of the one or more macromolecules on any other substrate coating of any other of the plurality of surfaces; said label-free method comprising: contacting the unlabeled analyte with the detectable array to affix at least a portion of the analyte to the detectable array; and heating the detectable array with the unlabeled analyte affixed thereto to cause a color change of at least one of the analyte and the detectable array, wherein the heating induces a non-enzymatic browning reaction, and wherein the heating comprises heating at a temperature of about 120°C to about 300°C for about 1 minute to about 5 minutes; and assessing the color of each of the plurality of surfaces of the substrate by colorimetric analytical technique. one or more substrate coatings on the surface for fixing one or more macromolecules to the surface of the substrate, said one or more substrate coatings comprising at least one silane or at least one siloxane; and one or more macromolecules affixed to at least a portion of the one or more substrate coatings, the one or more macromolecules being arranged in a pattern on the substrate coating and comprising a plurality of binding sites for binding a plurality of analytes; wherein each macromolecule has been affixed to the substrate coating by polymerizing a functional group on the silane or siloxane into the macromolecule backbone; wherein each macromolecule comprises a polymer of monomers selected from a group consisting of acrylamide; 2-carboxyethyl acrylate; acrylic acid; N-[tris(hydroxymethyl)methy] acrylamide; hydroxypropyl acrylates; 4-hydroxybutyl acrylate; N-hydroxyethyl acrylamide; N,N-dimethylacrylamide; N-(1,1-dimethyl-3-oxobutyl) acrylamide; N-iso-propylacrylamide; (meth)acrylates; 2-cyanoethyl acrylate; ethylene glycol phenyl ether acrylate; N-tert-octylacrylamide; 1-(acryloyloxy)-3-(methacryloyloxy)-2-propanol; bis-acrylamide; trimethylolpropane triacrylate, and combinations thereof; and wherein the identity, pattern, or both identity and pattern of the one or more macromolecules on the one or more substrate coatings of each of the plurality of surfaces is not identical to the identity, pattern, or both identity and pattern of the one or more macromolecules on any other substrate coating of any other of the plurality of surfaces; contacting the unlabeled analyte with the detectable array to affix at least a portion of the analyte to the detectable array; and heating the detectable array with the unlabeled analyte affixed thereto to cause a color change of at least one of the analyte and the detectable array, wherein the heating induces a non-enzymatic browning reaction, and wherein the heating comprises heating at a temperature of about 120°C to about 300°C for about 1 minute to about 5 minutes; and assessing the color of each of the plurality of surfaces of the substrate by colorimetric analytical technique.