A shelf holding structure having an attachable and detachable power supply, the shelf holding structure comprising: a track formed in a -shaped rail shape having an upper portion opened; a shelf holder comprising a track receiving space formed therein in a shape corresponding to the track, and having rods installed across an opened upper portion at predetermined intervals to hold a shelf; a power supply inserted into one side surface or the other side surface of the track to supply external power; and a track connector inserted into a space between the rods of the shelf holder and mounted in the track to connect power to the shelf, wherein the track has a conductor disposed on an inner side surface thereof along a longitudinal direction, and is attachable to and detachable from an inside of the shelf holder, and the track further comprises heads formed bent inward by a predetermined length on upper ends of both side surfaces, wherein the shelf holder further comprises: a track receiver to allow the track to contact inner side surfaces and a lower surface thereof and to form a space to receive the track; protrusions protruding from both side surfaces of the inside at a predetermined height along a longitudinal direction, and having a lower portion contact the head of the track; and connector insertion portions formed between the rods to form a space through which the connector is inserted, wherein the track connector comprises: a connector body formed on one end thereof in a hexahedral shape to be inserted and mounted in the track; and a shelf cable formed on the other end thereof to connect a current of the track to the shelf; wherein the power supply comprises: a power body formed on one end thereof in a shape to be received in the track and inserted into the track; and a power cable formed on the other end to receive power, wherein the power body comprises a power head formed on one side thereof to be inserted and received in the track; and a power tail formed on the other side thereof larger than the power head to be supported in contact with an outer surface of the track, and wherein the power head further comprises a plurality of power electrodes formed on a side surface thereof contacting the conductor; and one pair of head recesses provided on both edges of an upper end in a recess shape corresponding to the head of the track formed on upper ends of both side surfaces of the track. a track formed in a -shaped rail shape having an upper portion opened; a shelf holder comprising a track receiving space formed therein in a shape corresponding to the track, and having rods installed across an opened upper portion at predetermined intervals to hold a shelf; a power supply inserted into one side surface or the other side surface of the track to supply external power; and a track connector inserted into a space between the rods of the shelf holder and mounted in the track to connect power to the shelf, wherein the track has a conductor disposed on an inner side surface thereof along a longitudinal direction, and is attachable to and detachable from an inside of the shelf holder, and the track further comprises heads formed bent inward by a predetermined length on upper ends of both side surfaces, wherein the shelf holder further comprises: a track receiver to allow the track to contact inner side surfaces and a lower surface thereof and to form a space to receive the track; protrusions protruding from both side surfaces of the inside at a predetermined height along a longitudinal direction, and having a lower portion contact the head of the track; and connector insertion portions formed between the rods to form a space through which the connector is inserted, wherein the track connector comprises: a connector body formed on one end thereof in a hexahedral shape to be inserted and mounted in the track; and a shelf cable formed on the other end thereof to connect a current of the track to the shelf; wherein the power supply comprises: a power body formed on one end thereof in a shape to be received in the track and inserted into the track; and a power cable formed on the other end to receive power, wherein the power body comprises a power head formed on one side thereof to be inserted and received in the track; and a power tail formed on the other side thereof larger than the power head to be supported in contact with an outer surface of the track, and wherein the power head further comprises a plurality of power electrodes formed on a side surface thereof contacting the conductor; and one pair of head recesses provided on both edges of an upper end in a recess shape corresponding to the head of the track formed on upper ends of both side surfaces of the track.