A battery exchange station (126, 400, 602), comprising: a data storage system; a plurality of ports (402, 404, 406, 412, 414, 416) for receiving battery packs (300, 452, 454, 456, 640, 650) from mobile robotic devices (470, 630), wherein a port comprises: a battery charger (422, 424, 426, 606, 610) to charge a battery of a battery pack (300, 452, 454, 456, 640, 650) that is coupled to the port; and a communication interface (308, 604, 608) to transfer environmental sensor data from a local data storage component of the battery pack to the data storage system; and a control system configured to: cause the communication interface of a given port of the plurality of ports to establish a data channel with a given battery pack that is coupled to the given port; and use the data channel to transfer stored environmental sensor data from a local data storage component of the given battery pack to the data storage system while a battery of the given battery pack is charged by the battery charger (422, 424, 426, 606, 610) of the given port; determine that a battery of a particular battery pack has been recharged, wherein the particular battery pack is coupled to a particular port of the plurality of ports; empty the local data storage component of the particular battery pack; and after determining that the battery of the particular battery pack has been recharged and emptying the local data storage component of the particular battery pack, cause the particular battery pack to be transferred to a first robot located proximate to the battery exchange station, after receiving at the battery exchange station a further battery pack from the first robot. a data storage system; a plurality of ports (402, 404, 406, 412, 414, 416) for receiving battery packs (300, 452, 454, 456, 640, 650) from mobile robotic devices (470, 630), wherein a port comprises: a battery charger (422, 424, 426, 606, 610) to charge a battery of a battery pack (300, 452, 454, 456, 640, 650) that is coupled to the port; and a communication interface (308, 604, 608) to transfer environmental sensor data from a local data storage component of the battery pack to the data storage system; and a battery charger (422, 424, 426, 606, 610) to charge a battery of a battery pack (300, 452, 454, 456, 640, 650) that is coupled to the port; and a communication interface (308, 604, 608) to transfer environmental sensor data from a local data storage component of the battery pack to the data storage system; and a control system configured to: cause the communication interface of a given port of the plurality of ports to establish a data channel with a given battery pack that is coupled to the given port; and use the data channel to transfer stored environmental sensor data from a local data storage component of the given battery pack to the data storage system while a battery of the given battery pack is charged by the battery charger (422, 424, 426, 606, 610) of the given port; determine that a battery of a particular battery pack has been recharged, wherein the particular battery pack is coupled to a particular port of the plurality of ports; empty the local data storage component of the particular battery pack; and after determining that the battery of the particular battery pack has been recharged and emptying the local data storage component of the particular battery pack, cause the particular battery pack to be transferred to a first robot located proximate to the battery exchange station, after receiving at the battery exchange station a further battery pack from the first robot. cause the communication interface of a given port of the plurality of ports to establish a data channel with a given battery pack that is coupled to the given port; and use the data channel to transfer stored environmental sensor data from a local data storage component of the given battery pack to the data storage system while a battery of the given battery pack is charged by the battery charger (422, 424, 426, 606, 610) of the given port; determine that a battery of a particular battery pack has been recharged, wherein the particular battery pack is coupled to a particular port of the plurality of ports; empty the local data storage component of the particular battery pack; and after determining that the battery of the particular battery pack has been recharged and emptying the local data storage component of the particular battery pack, cause the particular battery pack to be transferred to a first robot located proximate to the battery exchange station, after receiving at the battery exchange station a further battery pack from the first robot.