A diabatic distillation column with a rectifying section located above a feedstock supply position and a stripping section located below the feedstock supply position, the diabatic distillation column comprising: a plurality of cooling devices (11, 12) configured to indirectly cool fluid in the rectifying section with a working fluid, the cooling devices (11, 12) including a first cooling device provided at a first position in the rectifying section and a second cooling device provided at a second position below the first position in the rectifying section; a plurality of heating devices (21, 22) arranged such that the working fluid circulates between the plurality of heating devices (21, 22) and the plurality of cooling devices (11, 12) and configured to indirectly heat fluid in the stripping section with the circulating working fluid, the heating devices (21, 22) including a first heating device provided at a first position in the stripping section and a second heating device provided at a second position below the first position in the stripping section; a plurality of compressors (31, 32) including a first compressor and a second compressor, the first compressor provided on a first circulation path (P11, P12, P13, P14) for circulating the working fluid between the first cooling device and the first heating device and configured to compress the working fluid from the first cooling device, the second compressor provided on a second circulation path (P21, P22, P23, P24) for circulating the working fluid between the second cooling device and the second heating device and configured to compress the working fluid from the second cooling device; and a plurality of expansion devices (41, 42) including a first expansion device and a second expansion device, the first expansion device provided on the first circulation path (P11, P12, P13, P14) and configured to expand the working fluid from the first heating device, the second expansion device provided on the second circulation path (P21, P22, P23, P24) and configured to expand the working fluid from the second heating device, wherein the first circulation path (P11, P12, P13, P14) and the second circulation path (P21, P22, P23, P24) are connected to each other through pipes (P16, P26), such that the working fluid from the first compressor is supplied to the second compressor and the working fluid from the second expansion device is supplied to the first cooling device. a plurality of cooling devices (11, 12) configured to indirectly cool fluid in the rectifying section with a working fluid, the cooling devices (11, 12) including a first cooling device provided at a first position in the rectifying section and a second cooling device provided at a second position below the first position in the rectifying section; a plurality of heating devices (21, 22) arranged such that the working fluid circulates between the plurality of heating devices (21, 22) and the plurality of cooling devices (11, 12) and configured to indirectly heat fluid in the stripping section with the circulating working fluid, the heating devices (21, 22) including a first heating device provided at a first position in the stripping section and a second heating device provided at a second position below the first position in the stripping section; a plurality of compressors (31, 32) including a first compressor and a second compressor, the first compressor provided on a first circulation path (P11, P12, P13, P14) for circulating the working fluid between the first cooling device and the first heating device and configured to compress the working fluid from the first cooling device, the second compressor provided on a second circulation path (P21, P22, P23, P24) for circulating the working fluid between the second cooling device and the second heating device and configured to compress the working fluid from the second cooling device; and a plurality of expansion devices (41, 42) including a first expansion device and a second expansion device, the first expansion device provided on the first circulation path (P11, P12, P13, P14) and configured to expand the working fluid from the first heating device, the second expansion device provided on the second circulation path (P21, P22, P23, P24) and configured to expand the working fluid from the second heating device, wherein the first circulation path (P11, P12, P13, P14) and the second circulation path (P21, P22, P23, P24) are connected to each other through pipes (P16, P26), such that the working fluid from the first compressor is supplied to the second compressor and the working fluid from the second expansion device is supplied to the first cooling device.