mhurhangee/ep-ind-claims huggingface dataset:
Quantum bit decoding apparatus configured to receive a photon having a quantum bit, qubit, encoded in a property of the photon, the apparatus comprising: demodulation apparatus comprising: an optical modulator configurable to randomly apply one of a plurality of modulation values to said property of the photon, the modulation values configured for decoding the qubit; and an optical router provided after the optical modulator and configured to route the photon according to the qubit; optical delay apparatus comprising: an optical combiner; a first optical path from a first output of the optical router to a first input of the optical combiner; a second optical path from a second output of the optical router to a second input of the optical combiner, the second optical path having a different optical path length to the first optical path to introduce a time delay between the first and second optical paths; and detection apparatus comprising a single optical receiver configured to detect a photon received from the optical combiner and operable to determine whether a detected photon is delayed relative to a reference time, to determine a time delay applied to the detected photon relative to the reference time, and to determine the qubit according to the determined time delay. demodulation apparatus comprising: an optical modulator configurable to randomly apply one of a plurality of modulation values to said property of the photon, the modulation values configured for decoding the qubit; and an optical router provided after the optical modulator and configured to route the photon according to the qubit; an optical modulator configurable to randomly apply one of a plurality of modulation values to said property of the photon, the modulation values configured for decoding the qubit; and an optical router provided after the optical modulator and configured to route the photon according to the qubit; optical delay apparatus comprising: an optical combiner; a first optical path from a first output of the optical router to a first input of the optical combiner; a second optical path from a second output of the optical router to a second input of the optical combiner, the second optical path having a different optical path length to the first optical path to introduce a time delay between the first and second optical paths; and an optical combiner; a first optical path from a first output of the optical router to a first input of the optical combiner; a second optical path from a second output of the optical router to a second input of the optical combiner, the second optical path having a different optical path length to the first optical path to introduce a time delay between the first and second optical paths; and detection apparatus comprising a single optical receiver configured to detect a photon received from the optical combiner and operable to determine whether a detected photon is delayed relative to a reference time, to determine a time delay applied to the detected photon relative to the reference time, and to determine the qubit according to the determined time delay.
A filament suitable for use in additive manufacturing by extrusion, the filament formed of composite material comprising ∘ semi-crystalline polylactic acid and ∘ chemical pulp of wood-based cellulose fibres, wherein the amount of chemical pulp of wood-based cellulose fibres has been selected such that the composite material of the filament has a complex viscosity (η*) of equal to or higher than 10000 Pa·s when determined at 0.1Hz frequency and at 180°C temperature, such that upon additive manufacturing by extrusion, composite melt formed of the filament has a ratio of shear storage modulus to shear loss modulus (G'/G") equal to or higher than 1.0 at a temperature (T sub) equal to or higher than 133°C, wherein the complex viscosity and the ratio of shear storage modulus to shear loss modulus (G'/G") are determined according to the methods disclosed in the specification. ∘ semi-crystalline polylactic acid and ∘ chemical pulp of wood-based cellulose fibres,
A multi-part seal, in particular cassette seal, comprising at least two parts (20, 22) which are movable relative to one another, having: at least one dust protection lip, which provides sealing with respect to the surroundings; a lubricating fluid sealing lip, which provides sealing with respect to the space to be sealed off, wherein a hollow intermediate chamber is formed between the at least one dust protection lip and the lubricating fluid sealing lip; and a pressure equalization duct (46; 146), which opens into the intermediate chamber and serves for the feed of a fluid into the intermediate chamber, characterized in that the lubricating fluid sealing lip is designed for conveyance of leakage fluid, which has escaped from the space to be sealed off into the intermediate chamber, back towards the space to be sealed off. at least one dust protection lip, which provides sealing with respect to the surroundings; a lubricating fluid sealing lip, which provides sealing with respect to the space to be sealed off, wherein a hollow intermediate chamber is formed between the at least one dust protection lip and the lubricating fluid sealing lip; and a pressure equalization duct (46; 146), which opens into the intermediate chamber and serves for the feed of a fluid into the intermediate chamber, characterized in that the lubricating fluid sealing lip is designed for conveyance of leakage fluid, which has escaped from the space to be sealed off into the intermediate chamber, back towards the space to be sealed off.
LED module (M, M') comprising: - a carrier, - a first group (G1, G1') and a second group (G2, G2') of LED chips, arranged on the carrier, optionally one or more further groups of LED chips, and - a layer (T, T') which uniformly covers all of the LED chips and contains at least one color conversion substance that converts the spectrum of the LEDs of one or all of the groups into a spectrum having a different dominant wavelength, wherein: - each group (G1, G2, G1', G2') comprises at least one, preferably a plurality of LED chips, - the LED chips of a group (G1, G2, G1', G2') are preferably connected in series and can be supplied from the same electrical supply, and - the LED chips of different groups (G1, G2, G1', G2') can be supplied independently of one another from different electrical supplies; wherein - the radiation emitted by the LED chips of the second group (G2, G2') is not converted by the at least one color conversion substance in the covering layer (T, T'), characterized in that - the covering layer is uniform, and - the covering layer (T, T') is applied over/on the LED chips in a dam and fill process, wherein, in the dam and fill process, a barrier (B, B') is formed around the LED chips which prevents the covering layer (T, T') from flowing away beyond the barrier (B, B'). - a carrier, - a first group (G1, G1') and a second group (G2, G2') of LED chips, arranged on the carrier, optionally one or more further groups of LED chips, and - a layer (T, T') which uniformly covers all of the LED chips and contains at least one color conversion substance that converts the spectrum of the LEDs of one or all of the groups into a spectrum having a different dominant wavelength, wherein: - each group (G1, G2, G1', G2') comprises at least one, preferably a plurality of LED chips, - the LED chips of a group (G1, G2, G1', G2') are preferably connected in series and can be supplied from the same electrical supply, and - the LED chips of different groups (G1, G2, G1', G2') can be supplied independently of one another from different electrical supplies; wherein - the radiation emitted by the LED chips of the second group (G2, G2') is not converted by the at least one color conversion substance in the covering layer (T, T'), characterized in that - the covering layer is uniform, and - the covering layer (T, T') is applied over/on the LED chips in a dam and fill process, wherein, in the dam and fill process, a barrier (B, B') is formed around the LED chips which prevents the covering layer (T, T') from flowing away beyond the barrier (B, B').
An electric linear motion actuator comprising a housing, an outer ring member mounted in the housing and formed with a helical rib on a radially inner surface of the outer ring member, a rotary shaft mounted coaxially with the outer ring member and configured to be rotated by an electric motor, a carrier supported by the rotary shaft so as to be rotatable about the rotary shaft, a plurality of planetary rollers mounted between a radially outer surface of the rotary shaft and the radially inner surface of the outer ring member and rotatably supported by the carrier, the planetary rollers being in frictional contact with the rotary shaft and each having a plurality of circumferential grooves arranged with the same pitch as the pitch of the helical rib and meshing with the helical rib, the linear motion actuator being configured such that when the rotary shaft rotates, the planetary rollers revolve around the rotary shaft while rotating about axes of the respective planetary rollers due to frictional contact between the planetary rollers and the rotary shaft, and the carrier is moved linearly in an axial direction of the rotary shaft due to meshing engagement between the helical rib and the circumferential grooves, and thrust bearings mounted between an axial surface of the carrier and axial surfaces of the respective planetary rollers that axially face the axial surface of the carrier and configured to receive thrust loads applied from the carrier to the planetary rollers in a push-in direction, wherein the circumferential grooves of the respective planetary rollers are formed such that with the planetary rollers supported by the respective thrust bearings, the axial position of each circumferential groove coincides with the axial position of the portion of the helical rib that is engaged in said each circumferential groove, wherein the planetary rollers have bearing support surfaces on which the respective thrust bearings are supported, and wherein the distance from the bearing support surface of each planetary roller to a predetermined reference position of each circumferential groove of said each planetary roller is different from the corresponding distances for the other planetary rollers, whereby with the planetary rollers supported by the respective thrust bearings, the axial position of each circumferential groove coincides with the axial position of the portion of the helical rib that is engaged in said each circumferential groove.
A method for detecting a movement obstruction of a movably arranged vehicle component driven by an electric motor, the electric motor being supplied with a motor current, the method comprising the steps of: a. supplying the electric motor with a supply voltage, thereby supplying the motor current; b. determining a frequency content of the motor current; c. analysing the frequency content to determine whether the movement obstruction is present or not, comprising filtering the frequency content of the motor current (E, F) with a frequency filter and comparing a filter output (G, H) of the frequency filter with a threshold value. a. supplying the electric motor with a supply voltage, thereby supplying the motor current; b. determining a frequency content of the motor current; c. analysing the frequency content to determine whether the movement obstruction is present or not, comprising filtering the frequency content of the motor current (E, F) with a frequency filter and comparing a filter output (G, H) of the frequency filter with a threshold value.
A crystal for wavelength conversion in a frequency up-conversion process or a frequency down-conversion process wherein an input pump amplitude is much larger than an input idler or a signal amplitude, and wherein the input pump amplitude remains constant along a propagation direction within the crystal, the crystal being a nonlinear crystal having a longitudinal dimension between a first end and a second end and having an aperiodically poled structure comprising a plurality of oppositely polarized regions alternately arranged along said longitudinal dimension, the nonlinear crystal being a quasi-phase matched crystal wherein the local poling period between two adjacent oppositely poled regions varies adiabatically along said longitudinal dimension from said first end to said second end, beginning with a large value of phase mismatch of a first polarity, and ending with a large value of phase mismatch of an opposite polarity at said second end, said adiabatic variation being characterized by a sweep rate d Δ k / dz of a phase mismatch parameter Δ k ( z) which is less than wherein κ is a coupling parameter describing the coupling between the signal and idler wave, the phase match Δk being very large compared to the value of said coupling parameter k.
A communication system comprising: a transmitter adapted to transmit at least a first frame and a second consecutive frame, wherein the first frame contains a first training sequence and the second frame contains a second training sequence, and wherein the first training sequence and the second training sequence are different training sequences; the transmitter comprising a time variable linear equalizer adapted to apply equalization to at least the first training sequence to produce an equalized first training sequence; and the transmitter comprising a fixed linear equalizer adapted to apply equalization to the second training sequence to produce an equalized second training sequence; a receiver adapted to receive the first frame and the second frame transmitted from the transmitter over a channel, the receiver comprising a receiver linear equalizer adapted to receive the equalized first training sequence and to apply equalization thereto, and to estimate equalization coefficients to be used by the receiver linear equalizer in future equalization; the receiver further comprising a channel estimator adapted to receive the equalized second training sequence, and to estimate a channel state of the channel from the equalized second training sequence; and wherein the receiver is adapted to feed back the channel state to the transmitter, which is adapted to estimate from the channel state equalization coefficients to be used for generating the coefficients of the time variable linear equalizer in future equalization. a transmitter adapted to transmit at least a first frame and a second consecutive frame, wherein the first frame contains a first training sequence and the second frame contains a second training sequence, and wherein the first training sequence and the second training sequence are different training sequences; the transmitter comprising a time variable linear equalizer adapted to apply equalization to at least the first training sequence to produce an equalized first training sequence; and the transmitter comprising a fixed linear equalizer adapted to apply equalization to the second training sequence to produce an equalized second training sequence; a receiver adapted to receive the first frame and the second frame transmitted from the transmitter over a channel, the receiver comprising a receiver linear equalizer adapted to receive the equalized first training sequence and to apply equalization thereto, and to estimate equalization coefficients to be used by the receiver linear equalizer in future equalization; the receiver further comprising a channel estimator adapted to receive the equalized second training sequence, and to estimate a channel state of the channel from the equalized second training sequence; and wherein the receiver is adapted to feed back the channel state to the transmitter, which is adapted to estimate from the channel state equalization coefficients to be used for generating the coefficients of the time variable linear equalizer in future equalization.
A method for capturing nitric oxide from gasses containing more than one gaseous compound, which method comprises a. absorbing said NO in a liquid ionic composition in the presence of oxygen and water, and b. reacting the absorbed NO with oxygen and water to form nitric acid which accumulates in the liquid ionic composition, wherein said liquid ionic composition comprises one or more ionic compounds. a. absorbing said NO in a liquid ionic composition in the presence of oxygen and water, and b. reacting the absorbed NO with oxygen and water to form nitric acid which accumulates in the liquid ionic composition, wherein said liquid ionic composition comprises one or more ionic compounds.
A laser system for fragmenting biological tissue with a photodisruptive laser, comprising: a pulsed laser to produce a laser beam of pulses; an optics module; and a laser system control module comprising a digital processing unit configured to control the pulsed laser via a laser control signal and the optics module via a beam control signal, and adapted to direct the laser beam of pulses to a selected target region of the tissue; characterized by a laser scanner adapted to control the application of the laser beam in layers of pulses and repetitively in a close packed crystal lattice pattern selected from simple face-centered cubic, hexagonal closest packing, truncated rhombic dodecahedron, and polyhedral cells which approximate spheres, so as to generate a regular array of cells within a volume of tissue in the selected target region, each cell defined by photodisrupted cell boundaries so that the tissue can subsequently break up along the surfaces and boundaries of the cells into granules of fragmented tissue. a pulsed laser to produce a laser beam of pulses; an optics module; and a laser system control module comprising a digital processing unit configured to control the pulsed laser via a laser control signal and the optics module via a beam control signal, and adapted to direct the laser beam of pulses to a selected target region of the tissue; characterized by a laser scanner adapted to control the application of the laser beam in layers of pulses and repetitively in a close packed crystal lattice pattern selected from simple face-centered cubic, hexagonal closest packing, truncated rhombic dodecahedron, and polyhedral cells which approximate spheres, so as to generate a regular array of cells within a volume of tissue in the selected target region, each cell defined by photodisrupted cell boundaries so that the tissue can subsequently break up along the surfaces and boundaries of the cells into granules of fragmented tissue.
A method for quantifying cholesterol in high-density lipoprotein 2, said method comprising allowing phospholipase to act on high-density lipoprotein, and quantifying cholesterol, wherein said phospholipase is phospholipase C and/or phospholipase D.
An automated misfeed and/or fallen container detection system comprising: a conveyor providing a travel path for groups of elongated containers; a rotating wheel in cooperating alignment with the conveyor, the wheel having a plurality of circumferentially spaced apart pockets, each pocket configured to accept a single upright elongated container, the system being characterised in that it comprises a plurality of spaced apart sensors including (i) at least one lower sensor configured to transmit a respective optical signal across the container travel path proximate the wheel at a height that is less than a width dimension of the containers, the at least one lower sensor including a first lower sensor that transmits a respective first optical signal across a portion of a pocket of the wheel facing the conveyor at a loading position and (ii) at least one upper sensor that is positioned proximate the wheel configured to transmit an optical signal at a height corresponding to a top portion of an upright container in the receiving pocket at the loading position to thereby allow detection of different orientations and positions of fallen containers and/or container jam or blockage conditions. a conveyor providing a travel path for groups of elongated containers; a rotating wheel in cooperating alignment with the conveyor, the wheel having a plurality of circumferentially spaced apart pockets, each pocket configured to accept a single upright elongated container, the system being characterised in that it comprises a plurality of spaced apart sensors including (i) at least one lower sensor configured to transmit a respective optical signal across the container travel path proximate the wheel at a height that is less than a width dimension of the containers, the at least one lower sensor including a first lower sensor that transmits a respective first optical signal across a portion of a pocket of the wheel facing the conveyor at a loading position and (ii) at least one upper sensor that is positioned proximate the wheel configured to transmit an optical signal at a height corresponding to a top portion of an upright container in the receiving pocket at the loading position to thereby allow detection of different orientations and positions of fallen containers and/or container jam or blockage conditions.
An article comprising a waveguide having a core, wherein the waveguide includes: a first region in which the core includes; (a) a first layer comprising a first material, the first layer having a first thickness; (b) a second layer comprising the first material; and (c) a third layer that is between the first layer and the second layer, the third layer comprising a second material; wherein the core in the first region supports propagation of a light signal such that it has a first mode-field profile; a second region in which the core includes the second layer and not the first layer, wherein the core in the second region supports propagation of the light signal such that it has a second mode-field profile; and a transition region in which the core includes; (a) the first layer, wherein the first layer has a thickness that changes monotonically from the first thickness to extinction; (b) the second layer; and (c) the third layer; wherein the transition region is between the first region and the second region, and wherein the transition region is operative for adiabatically transitioning the mode-field profile of the light signal between the first mode-field profile in the first region and the second mode-field profile; wherein the third layer enables optical coupling of the first layer and second layer in the first region such that the first layer, second layer, and third layer collectively support propagation of the light signal. a first region in which the core includes; (a) a first layer comprising a first material, the first layer having a first thickness; (b) a second layer comprising the first material; and (c) a third layer that is between the first layer and the second layer, the third layer comprising a second material; wherein the core in the first region supports propagation of a light signal such that it has a first mode-field profile; (a) a first layer comprising a first material, the first layer having a first thickness; (b) a second layer comprising the first material; and (c) a third layer that is between the first layer and the second layer, the third layer comprising a second material; a second region in which the core includes the second layer and not the first layer, wherein the core in the second region supports propagation of the light signal such that it has a second mode-field profile; and a transition region in which the core includes; (a) the first layer, wherein the first layer has a thickness that changes monotonically from the first thickness to extinction; (b) the second layer; and (c) the third layer; (a) the first layer, wherein the first layer has a thickness that changes monotonically from the first thickness to extinction; (b) the second layer; and (c) the third layer;