An image collection device for light splitting and fusion, comprising: a light splitter, a visible spectrum imaging module, a non-visible spectrum imaging module, a registration unit, a pre-processing synthesizing unit, and a fusion unit; wherein the light splitter is configured to split incident light into a visible light and a non-visible light; the visible spectrum imaging module is configured to perform photosensitive imaging according to the visible light split by the light splitter to form a visible light image; the non-visible spectrum imaging module is configured to perform photosensitive imaging according to the non-visible light split by the light splitter to form a first non-visible light image; the registration unit is configured to perform position registration on the visible light image and the first non-visible light image to obtain a target visible light image and a second non-visible light image; the pre-processing synthesizing unit is configured to perform brightness adjustment on the second non-visible light image based on the target visible light image, to obtain a target non-visible light image; the fusion unit is configured to perform image fusion on the target visible light image and the target non-visible light image to obtain a fused image; wherein, the pre-processing synthesizing unit is specifically configured to: perform color space conversion on the target visible light image to obtain a brightness component of the target visible light image; characterized in that the pre-processing synthesizing unit is further specifically configured to: calculate a first mean value and a first variance of the brightness component, and a second mean value and a second variance of a brightness component of the second non-visible light image, respectively; perform global mapping processing on the brightness component of the second non-visible light image based on the first mean value, the first variance, the second mean value, and the second variance; convolve the target visible light image and the second non-visible light image respectively by using a preset sobel edge detection operator to obtain a first texture image corresponding to the target visible light image and a second texture image corresponding to the second non-visible light image; perform brightness adjustment on the second non-visible light image to determine the target non-visible light image by using a brightness component obtained after the global mapping processing, the brightness component of the target visible light image, the first texture image, and the second texture image. a light splitter, a visible spectrum imaging module, a non-visible spectrum imaging module, a registration unit, a pre-processing synthesizing unit, and a fusion unit; wherein the light splitter is configured to split incident light into a visible light and a non-visible light; the visible spectrum imaging module is configured to perform photosensitive imaging according to the visible light split by the light splitter to form a visible light image; the non-visible spectrum imaging module is configured to perform photosensitive imaging according to the non-visible light split by the light splitter to form a first non-visible light image; the registration unit is configured to perform position registration on the visible light image and the first non-visible light image to obtain a target visible light image and a second non-visible light image; the pre-processing synthesizing unit is configured to perform brightness adjustment on the second non-visible light image based on the target visible light image, to obtain a target non-visible light image; the fusion unit is configured to perform image fusion on the target visible light image and the target non-visible light image to obtain a fused image; wherein, the pre-processing synthesizing unit is specifically configured to: perform color space conversion on the target visible light image to obtain a brightness component of the target visible light image; calculate a first mean value and a first variance of the brightness component, and a second mean value and a second variance of a brightness component of the second non-visible light image, respectively; perform global mapping processing on the brightness component of the second non-visible light image based on the first mean value, the first variance, the second mean value, and the second variance; convolve the target visible light image and the second non-visible light image respectively by using a preset sobel edge detection operator to obtain a first texture image corresponding to the target visible light image and a second texture image corresponding to the second non-visible light image; perform brightness adjustment on the second non-visible light image to determine the target non-visible light image by using a brightness component obtained after the global mapping processing, the brightness component of the target visible light image, the first texture image, and the second texture image.