A woven product, wherein the woven product is a primary backing or a substrate layer for a surface, ground or floor covering, or a backing for an artificial or synthetic grass or turf, the woven product comprising at least a first woven layer and a second woven layer, wherein the first and second woven layers are interwoven at interwoven areas, wherein the first woven layer comprises a plurality of warp tapes or threads and a plurality of weft tapes or threads, the warp tapes or threads and the weft tapes or threads of the first woven layer being substantially perpendicular to one another; the second woven layer comprises a plurality of warp tapes or threads and a plurality of weft tapes or threads, the warp tapes or threads and the weft tapes or threads of the second woven layer being substantially perpendicular to one another; the warp tapes or threads of the first and second woven layers are substantially parallel to one another; and the weft tapes or threads of the first and second woven layers are substantially parallel to one another; wherein each interwoven area comprises: a weft tape or thread of the first woven layer and a transversely coincident weft tape or thread of the second woven layer which are passed over both a warp tape or thread of the first woven layer and a longitudinally coincident warp tape or thread of the second woven layer; and an adjacent weft tape or thread of the first woven layer and an adjacent and transversely coincident weft tape or thread of the second woven layer which are passed under both said warp tape or thread of the first woven layer and said longitudinally coincident warp tape or thread of the second layer, and wherein each interwoven area comprises a pair of weft tapes or threads, a pair of adjacent weft tapes or threads, a pair of warp tapes or threads, and a pair of adjacent warp tapes or threads, one weft tape or thread of each pair of weft tapes or threads being provided from the first woven layer, and another weft tape or thread of each pair of weft tapes or threads being provided from the second woven layer and one warp tape or thread of each pair of warp tapes or threads being provided from the first woven layer, and another warp tape or thread of each pair of warp tapes or threads being provided from the second woven layer. the first woven layer comprises a plurality of warp tapes or threads and a plurality of weft tapes or threads, the warp tapes or threads and the weft tapes or threads of the first woven layer being substantially perpendicular to one another; the second woven layer comprises a plurality of warp tapes or threads and a plurality of weft tapes or threads, the warp tapes or threads and the weft tapes or threads of the second woven layer being substantially perpendicular to one another; the warp tapes or threads of the first and second woven layers are substantially parallel to one another; and the weft tapes or threads of the first and second woven layers are substantially parallel to one another; wherein each interwoven area comprises: a weft tape or thread of the first woven layer and a transversely coincident weft tape or thread of the second woven layer which are passed over both a warp tape or thread of the first woven layer and a longitudinally coincident warp tape or thread of the second woven layer; and an adjacent weft tape or thread of the first woven layer and an adjacent and transversely coincident weft tape or thread of the second woven layer which are passed under both said warp tape or thread of the first woven layer and said longitudinally coincident warp tape or thread of the second layer, and wherein each interwoven area comprises a pair of weft tapes or threads, a pair of adjacent weft tapes or threads, a pair of warp tapes or threads, and a pair of adjacent warp tapes or threads, one weft tape or thread of each pair of weft tapes or threads being provided from the first woven layer, and another weft tape or thread of each pair of weft tapes or threads being provided from the second woven layer and one warp tape or thread of each pair of warp tapes or threads being provided from the first woven layer, and another warp tape or thread of each pair of warp tapes or threads being provided from the second woven layer. a weft tape or thread of the first woven layer and a transversely coincident weft tape or thread of the second woven layer which are passed over both a warp tape or thread of the first woven layer and a longitudinally coincident warp tape or thread of the second woven layer; and an adjacent weft tape or thread of the first woven layer and an adjacent and transversely coincident weft tape or thread of the second woven layer which are passed under both said warp tape or thread of the first woven layer and said longitudinally coincident warp tape or thread of the second layer, and wherein each interwoven area comprises a pair of weft tapes or threads, a pair of adjacent weft tapes or threads, a pair of warp tapes or threads, and a pair of adjacent warp tapes or threads, one weft tape or thread of each pair of weft tapes or threads being provided from the first woven layer, and another weft tape or thread of each pair of weft tapes or threads being provided from the second woven layer and one warp tape or thread of each pair of warp tapes or threads being provided from the first woven layer, and another warp tape or thread of each pair of warp tapes or threads being provided from the second woven layer.