Position measurement system having a plurality of scanning units (E 11 - E 14, E 21 - E 24) for optically scanning at least one material measure, wherein the scanning units (E 11 - E 14, E 21 - E 24) are optically coupled to a plurality of light sources (L 1, L 2, L 3) and a plurality of detectors (D 11 - D 14, D 21 - D 24, D 31 - D 33, D 41 - D 43), wherein - arranged between the scanning units (E 11 - E 14, E 21 - E 24) and the detectors (D 11 - D 14, D 21 - D 24, D 31 - D 33, D 41 - D 43) are a plurality of demultiplexers (DM 11 D 13, DM 21 - DM 23, DM 31 - DM 33, DM 41 - DM 43), via which in each case at least two scanning units (E 11 - E 14, E 21 - E 24) are coupled to a detector (D 11 - D 14, D 21 - D 24, D 31 - D 33, D 41 - D 43), and - the light sources (L 1, L 2, L 3) are configured such that they are operable in temporally successively pulsed fashion, wherein the light sources (L 1, L 2, L 3) are coupled, via a plurality of multiplexers (MX n, MX 1, MX 2, MX 1a - MX 1c, MX 2a - MX 2c), to all scanning units (E 11 - E 14, E 21 - E 24), which split in each case one entry-side primary illumination channel of a light source (L 1, L 2, L 3) into a plurality of exit-side secondary illumination channels and supply them to the various scanning units (E 11 - E 14, E 21 - E 24), and - the scanning units (E 11 - E 14, E 21 - E 24) are configured such that a plurality of mutually phase-shifted optical scanning signals are generatable per scanning unit (E 11 - E 14, E 21 - E 24), which are suppliable on the entry side, via a plurality of primary detection channels, in each case to the demultiplexers (DM 11 - D 13, DM 21 - DM 23, DM 31 - DM 33, DM 41 - DM 43), which combine the supplied primary detection channels on the exit side in each case to a secondary detection channel and supply them to an associated detector (D 11 - D 14, D 21 - D 24, D 31 - D 33, D 41 - D 43). - arranged between the scanning units (E 11 - E 14, E 21 - E 24) and the detectors (D 11 - D 14, D 21 - D 24, D 31 - D 33, D 41 - D 43) are a plurality of demultiplexers (DM 11 D 13, DM 21 - DM 23, DM 31 - DM 33, DM 41 - DM 43), via which in each case at least two scanning units (E 11 - E 14, E 21 - E 24) are coupled to a detector (D 11 - D 14, D 21 - D 24, D 31 - D 33, D 41 - D 43), and - the light sources (L 1, L 2, L 3) are configured such that they are operable in temporally successively pulsed fashion, wherein the light sources (L 1, L 2, L 3) are coupled, via a plurality of multiplexers (MX n, MX 1, MX 2, MX 1a - MX 1c, MX 2a - MX 2c), to all scanning units (E 11 - E 14, E 21 - E 24), which split in each case one entry-side primary illumination channel of a light source (L 1, L 2, L 3) into a plurality of exit-side secondary illumination channels and supply them to the various scanning units (E 11 - E 14, E 21 - E 24), and - the scanning units (E 11 - E 14, E 21 - E 24) are configured such that a plurality of mutually phase-shifted optical scanning signals are generatable per scanning unit (E 11 - E 14, E 21 - E 24), which are suppliable on the entry side, via a plurality of primary detection channels, in each case to the demultiplexers (DM 11 - D 13, DM 21 - DM 23, DM 31 - DM 33, DM 41 - DM 43), which combine the supplied primary detection channels on the exit side in each case to a secondary detection channel and supply them to an associated detector (D 11 - D 14, D 21 - D 24, D 31 - D 33, D 41 - D 43).