A bakuchiol derivative and a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, the bakuchiol derivative having a structure shown in formula: wherein n is an integer from 1 to 16; R is selected from halo, -CONR 1 R 2, -COOR 3, -NR 4 R 5, R 1 and R 2 are each independently selected from: -H, R 12 and R 13 are each independently selected from: -H, R 22 and R 23 are each independently selected from: -H, R 32 and R 33 are each independently selected from: -H, R 42 and R 43 are each independently selected from: -H, R 52 and R 53 are each independently selected from: -H, R 62 and R 63 are each independently selected from: -H or wherein R 14, R 24, R 34, R 44, R 54, R 64 and R 74 are each independently selected from: -H, guanidyl, -NR 4 R 5, -SR 4, 5- to 20-membered nitrogen-containing heteroaryl, R 15 -R 17, R 25 -R 27, R 35 -R 37, R 45 -R 47, R 55 -R 57 and R 65 -R 67 are each independently selected from: - H or C 1-6 alkyl; R 18, R 28, R 38, R 48, R 58 and R 68 are each independently selected from: -H, C 1-6 alkyl or halogen; each of n 1, n 2, n 3, n 4, n 5, n 6 and n 7 is independently 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10; R 77 is selected from: -H or C 1-6 alkyl; R 3 is selected from: -H or C 1-4 alkyl; R 4 and R 5 are each independently selected from: -H, C 1-16 alkyl, COOR 8, -Fmoc or R a -substituted C 1-16 alkyl; or R 4 and R 5 together with N linked thereto are capable of forming a 5- to 20-membered heterocyclic ring, a 5- to 20-membered heteroaromatic ring, a 5- to 20-membered heterocyclic ring substituted by R b or a 5- to 20-membered heteroaromatic ring substituted by R b; R a is selected from: 5- to 10-membered aryl, 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl, -NR a1 R a2 or -SR a3; R b is selected from: C 1-10 alkyl, -(CH 2) p NR b1 R b2 or -SR b3, wherein p is 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10; each of R a1, R a2, R b1 and R b2 is independently -H, C 1-10 alkyl or R c -substituted C 1-10 alkyl; or R a1 and R a2 together with a N atom linked thereto are capable of forming a 5- to 10-membered heterocyclic ring or a 5- to 10-membered heteroaromatic ring; or R b1 and R b2 together with a N atom linked thereto are capable of forming a 5- to 10-membered heterocyclic ring or a 5- to 10-membered heteroaromatic ring; each of R a3 and R b3 is independently C 1-10 alkyl; R c is selected from: -NR c1 R c2, guanidyl or 5- to 6-membered nitrogen-containing heteroaryl, wherein each of R c1 and R c2 is independently: -H, C 1-4 alkyl; or R c1 and R c2 together with a N atom linked thereto are capable of forming a 5- to 10-membered heterocyclic ring or a 5- to 10-membered heteroaromatic ring; R 6 is C 1-4 alkyl; R 7 is selected from: -H or C 1-4 alkyl; R 8 is -H, C 1-6 alkyl or and Y- is an anion. wherein n is an integer from 1 to 16; R is selected from halo, -CONR 1 R 2, -COOR 3, -NR 4 R 5, R 1 and R 2 are each independently selected from: -H, R 12 and R 13 are each independently selected from: -H, R 22 and R 23 are each independently selected from: -H, R 32 and R 33 are each independently selected from: -H, R 42 and R 43 are each independently selected from: -H, R 52 and R 53 are each independently selected from: -H, R 62 and R 63 are each independently selected from: -H or wherein R 14, R 24, R 34, R 44, R 54, R 64 and R 74 are each independently selected from: -H, guanidyl, -NR 4 R 5, -SR 4, 5- to 20-membered nitrogen-containing heteroaryl, R 15 -R 17, R 25 -R 27, R 35 -R 37, R 45 -R 47, R 55 -R 57 and R 65 -R 67 are each independently selected from: - H or C 1-6 alkyl; R 18, R 28, R 38, R 48, R 58 and R 68 are each independently selected from: -H, C 1-6 alkyl or halogen; each of n 1, n 2, n 3, n 4, n 5, n 6 and n 7 is independently 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10; R 77 is selected from: -H or C 1-6 alkyl; R 3 is selected from: -H or C 1-4 alkyl; R 4 and R 5 are each independently selected from: -H, C 1-16 alkyl, COOR 8, -Fmoc or R a -substituted C 1-16 alkyl; or R 4 and R 5 together with N linked thereto are capable of forming a 5- to 20-membered heterocyclic ring, a 5- to 20-membered heteroaromatic ring, a 5- to 20-membered heterocyclic ring substituted by R b or a 5- to 20-membered heteroaromatic ring substituted by R b; R a is selected from: 5- to 10-membered aryl, 5- to 10-membered heteroaryl, -NR a1 R a2 or -SR a3; R b is selected from: C 1-10 alkyl, -(CH 2) p NR b1 R b2 or -SR b3, wherein p is 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10; each of R a1, R a2, R b1 and R b2 is independently -H, C 1-10 alkyl or R c -substituted C 1-10 alkyl; or R a1 and R a2 together with a N atom linked thereto are capable of forming a 5- to 10-membered heterocyclic ring or a 5- to 10-membered heteroaromatic ring; or R b1 and R b2 together with a N atom linked thereto are capable of forming a 5- to 10-membered heterocyclic ring or a 5- to 10-membered heteroaromatic ring; each of R a3 and R b3 is independently C 1-10 alkyl; R c is selected from: -NR c1 R c2, guanidyl or 5- to 6-membered nitrogen-containing heteroaryl, wherein each of R c1 and R c2 is independently: -H, C 1-4 alkyl; or R c1 and R c2 together with a N atom linked thereto are capable of forming a 5- to 10-membered heterocyclic ring or a 5- to 10-membered heteroaromatic ring; R 6 is C 1-4 alkyl; R 7 is selected from: -H or C 1-4 alkyl; R 8 is -H, C 1-6 alkyl or and Y- is an anion.