A hardware detection method performed by a verification unit, wherein the method comprises: sending first verification data to a physical carrier, wherein the physical carrier carries a plurality of pieces of hardware; receiving a ciphertext and binding relationship information that are returned by the physical carrier, wherein the ciphertext is obtained after at least two of the plurality of pieces of hardware respectively encrypt the first verification data by using respective keys, and the binding relationship information is used to indicate a binding relationship between the at least two pieces of hardware; and verifying the ciphertext and the binding relationship information, and determining security of the at least two pieces of hardware based on a verification result; wherein the binding relationship information comprises a binding relationship between the keys corresponding to the at least two pieces of hardware; the verifying the ciphertext and the binding relationship information comprises: obtaining the keys corresponding to the at least two pieces of hardware, and verifying, based on the keys corresponding to the at least two pieces of hardware, whether the binding relationship comprised in the binding relationship information is correct; and using the keys corresponding to the at least two pieces of hardware to respectively decrypt the ciphertext obtained through encryption by the at least two pieces of hardware, and verifying whether second verification data obtained through decryption is consistent with the first verification data; and the determining security of the at least two pieces of hardware based on a verification result comprises: when the verification result is that the binding relationship comprised in the binding relationship information is correct, and the second verification data obtained through decryption is consistent with the first verification data, determining that the at least two pieces of hardware are secure. sending first verification data to a physical carrier, wherein the physical carrier carries a plurality of pieces of hardware; receiving a ciphertext and binding relationship information that are returned by the physical carrier, wherein the ciphertext is obtained after at least two of the plurality of pieces of hardware respectively encrypt the first verification data by using respective keys, and the binding relationship information is used to indicate a binding relationship between the at least two pieces of hardware; and verifying the ciphertext and the binding relationship information, and determining security of the at least two pieces of hardware based on a verification result; wherein the binding relationship information comprises a binding relationship between the keys corresponding to the at least two pieces of hardware; the verifying the ciphertext and the binding relationship information comprises: obtaining the keys corresponding to the at least two pieces of hardware, and verifying, based on the keys corresponding to the at least two pieces of hardware, whether the binding relationship comprised in the binding relationship information is correct; and using the keys corresponding to the at least two pieces of hardware to respectively decrypt the ciphertext obtained through encryption by the at least two pieces of hardware, and verifying whether second verification data obtained through decryption is consistent with the first verification data; and the determining security of the at least two pieces of hardware based on a verification result comprises: when the verification result is that the binding relationship comprised in the binding relationship information is correct, and the second verification data obtained through decryption is consistent with the first verification data, determining that the at least two pieces of hardware are secure. obtaining the keys corresponding to the at least two pieces of hardware, and verifying, based on the keys corresponding to the at least two pieces of hardware, whether the binding relationship comprised in the binding relationship information is correct; and using the keys corresponding to the at least two pieces of hardware to respectively decrypt the ciphertext obtained through encryption by the at least two pieces of hardware, and verifying whether second verification data obtained through decryption is consistent with the first verification data; and the determining security of the at least two pieces of hardware based on a verification result comprises: when the verification result is that the binding relationship comprised in the binding relationship information is correct, and the second verification data obtained through decryption is consistent with the first verification data, determining that the at least two pieces of hardware are secure.