An anchoring balloon endoscope,, for secure anchorage in a tubular body portion, comprising: an elongate endoscope,, having a forward end portion,,; a substantially non-stretchable, inflatable anchoring balloon,, mounted on said elongate endoscope,,, said substantially non-stretchable, inflatable anchoring balloon,, having first and second sealing attachment locations (522,524),(622,624),(722,724) on said elongate endoscope,,, which are separated by a distance A along said elongate endoscope, said substantially non-stretchable, inflatable anchoring balloon,, having a balloon surface axial cross- sectional extent B extending between said first and second sealing attachment locations (522,524),(622,624),(722,724), which extent is at least 1.5 times greater than said distance A, said substantially non-stretchable, inflatable balloon,, being configured, when inflated within the tubular body portion having a cylindrical element having an inner radius D that is coaxial with and surrounding at least a portion of said elongate endoscope,,, to have an anchoring surface in contact with an inner surface of said cylindrical element whose axial cross-sectional extent is C, where: A<C<B; and C − A > m × D, where m > 1; wherein said anchoring balloon,, is configured to allow, when inflated within said cylindrical element, simultaneous radial anchoring of said endoscope,, and axial forward and backward movement of said forward end portion,, of said endoscope,, so that the anchoring balloon,, is constructed and operative to be securely anchored in the tubular body portion, but at the same time to allow axial back and forth, forward and backward movement of the forward end portion,,; characterized in that said endoscope is configured to be pushed forwardly axially while anchored in said cylindrical element with a maximum forward displacement E, where: E > n x D, where n ≥ 1. an elongate endoscope,, having a forward end portion,,; a substantially non-stretchable, inflatable anchoring balloon,, mounted on said elongate endoscope,,, said substantially non-stretchable, inflatable anchoring balloon,, having first and second sealing attachment locations (522,524),(622,624),(722,724) on said elongate endoscope,,, which are separated by a distance A along said elongate endoscope, said substantially non-stretchable, inflatable anchoring balloon,, having a balloon surface axial cross- sectional extent B extending between said first and second sealing attachment locations (522,524),(622,624),(722,724), which extent is at least 1.5 times greater than said distance A, said substantially non-stretchable, inflatable balloon,, being configured, when inflated within the tubular body portion having a cylindrical element having an inner radius D that is coaxial with and surrounding at least a portion of said elongate endoscope,,, to have an anchoring surface in contact with an inner surface of said cylindrical element whose axial cross-sectional extent is C, where: A<C<B; and C − A > m × D, where m > 1; said substantially non-stretchable, inflatable anchoring balloon,, having first and second sealing attachment locations (522,524),(622,624),(722,724) on said elongate endoscope,,, which are separated by a distance A along said elongate endoscope, said substantially non-stretchable, inflatable anchoring balloon,, having a balloon surface axial cross- sectional extent B extending between said first and second sealing attachment locations (522,524),(622,624),(722,724), which extent is at least 1.5 times greater than said distance A, said substantially non-stretchable, inflatable balloon,, being configured, when inflated within the tubular body portion having a cylindrical element having an inner radius D that is coaxial with and surrounding at least a portion of said elongate endoscope,,, to have an anchoring surface in contact with an inner surface of said cylindrical element whose axial cross-sectional extent is C, where: A<C<B; and C − A > m × D, where m > 1; wherein said anchoring balloon,, is configured to allow, when inflated within said cylindrical element, simultaneous radial anchoring of said endoscope,, and axial forward and backward movement of said forward end portion,, of said endoscope,, so that the anchoring balloon,, is constructed and operative to be securely anchored in the tubular body portion, but at the same time to allow axial back and forth, forward and backward movement of the forward end portion,,; characterized in that said endoscope is configured to be pushed forwardly axially while anchored in said cylindrical element with a maximum forward displacement E, where: E > n x D, where n ≥ 1.