A timing method for time division duplex communication, wherein the method 2. comprises: determining, for a given radio frame structure, whether grouping needs to be performed on uplink short transmission time intervals, sTTIs, and/or downlink sTTIs; and when the determining determines that grouping needs to be performed on the uplink sTTIs and the downlink sTTIs, grouping and pairing the uplink sTTIs and the downlink sTTIs, adding first indication information to control signaling, and sending the control signaling to user equipment, wherein the first indication information is used to indicate an uplink sTTI sequence number in an uplink sTTI group for uplink data transmission or feedback to downlink data scheduling, and the uplink sTTI group is corresponding to a downlink sTTI group for uplink data scheduling or downlink data scheduling; when the determining determines that grouping needs to be performed only on the uplink sTTIs, grouping the uplink sTTIs into one group, wherein during uplink data scheduling, all downlink sTTIs that are at an interval of k or more sTTIs from the uplink sTTIs in the uplink sTTI group are used for sending uplink data scheduling instructions, and k is a preset minimum scheduling gap; and adding second indication information to the control signaling, wherein the second indication information is used to indicate an uplink sTTI sequence number in an uplink sTTI group for uplink data transmission; and when the determining determines that grouping does not need to be performed on the uplink sTTIs and does not need to be performed on the downlink sTTIs, instructing to transmit uplink data or send feedback to downlink data scheduling in a first uplink sTTI that is at an interval of k or more sTTIs from a downlink sTTI in which an uplink or downlink data scheduling instruction is sent. determining, for a given radio frame structure, whether grouping needs to be performed on uplink short transmission time intervals, sTTIs, and/or downlink sTTIs; and when the determining determines that grouping needs to be performed on the uplink sTTIs and the downlink sTTIs, grouping and pairing the uplink sTTIs and the downlink sTTIs, adding first indication information to control signaling, and sending the control signaling to user equipment, wherein the first indication information is used to indicate an uplink sTTI sequence number in an uplink sTTI group for uplink data transmission or feedback to downlink data scheduling, and the uplink sTTI group is corresponding to a downlink sTTI group for uplink data scheduling or downlink data scheduling; when the determining determines that grouping needs to be performed only on the uplink sTTIs, grouping the uplink sTTIs into one group, wherein during uplink data scheduling, all downlink sTTIs that are at an interval of k or more sTTIs from the uplink sTTIs in the uplink sTTI group are used for sending uplink data scheduling instructions, and k is a preset minimum scheduling gap; and adding second indication information to the control signaling, wherein the second indication information is used to indicate an uplink sTTI sequence number in an uplink sTTI group for uplink data transmission; and when the determining determines that grouping does not need to be performed on the uplink sTTIs and does not need to be performed on the downlink sTTIs, instructing to transmit uplink data or send feedback to downlink data scheduling in a first uplink sTTI that is at an interval of k or more sTTIs from a downlink sTTI in which an uplink or downlink data scheduling instruction is sent.