A circulating tumour cell typing and identification kit, comprising a capture probe, an amplification probe, and a labeled probe for each marker gene mRNA, wherein the marker gene mRNA comprises the following two types: at least six epithelial cell marker gene mRNAs selected from the group consisting of EPCAM, E-cadherin, CEA, KRT5, KRT7, KRT17, and KRT20 mRNAs; and, at least six mesenchymal cell marker gene mRNAs selected from the group consisting of VIMENTIN, N-cadherin, TWIST1, AKT2, ZEB2, ZEB1, FOXC1, FOXC2, SNAI1, and SNAI2 mRNAs; wherein, the capture probe binds the marker gene mRNA to the amplification probe and has the following base composition from 5'-terminal to 3'-terminal in sequence: a specific sequence P1 for joining to the marker gene mRNA to be detected, a spacer arm sequence, and a P2 sequence, wherein there is no hairpin structure in the P2 sequence, no dimer or mispairing formed within or among the probes, no specific binding sequences between the P2 sequence and P1, P4, or the marker gene mRNA, and wherein the same P2 sequence is used for the capture probes for the marker genes of the same type; the amplification probe has the following base composition from 5'-terminal to 3'-terminal in sequence: a P3 sequence that is able to complementarily pair with the P2 sequence of the corresponding capture probe, a spacer arm sequence, and a P4 sequence, wherein there is no hairpin structure in the P4 sequence, no dimer or mispairing formed within or among the probes, no specific binding sequences between the P4 sequence and P1, P2, P3, or total mRNA; and each labeled probe has a P5 sequence that is able to complementarily pair with the P4 sequence of the corresponding amplification probe and a fluorescent group as a terminal modification, wherein different fluorescent groups are used for marker genes of different cell types; wherein, within the capture probe for the epithelial cell marker gene, the P1 specific sequences for the EPCAM gene are SEQ ID NO.1∼SEQ ID NO.10, the P1 specific sequences for the E-cadherin gene are SEQ ID N0.11∼SEQ ID NO.20, the P1 specific sequences for the CEA gene are SEQ ID NO.21∼SEQ ID NO.30, the P1 specific sequences for the KRT5 gene are SEQ ID NO.31∼SEQ ID N0.40, the P1 specific sequences for the KRT7 gene are SEQ ID N0.41∼SEQ ID NO.50, the P1 specific sequences for the KRT17 gene are SEQ ID NO.51∼SEQ ID NO.60, and the P1 specific sequences for the KRT20 gene are SEQ ID NO.61∼SEQ ID NO.70; the P2 sequence of the capture probe for the epithelial cell marker genes is SEQ ID NO.181; and within the amplification probes for the epithelial cell marker gene mRNAs, the P3 sequence is SEQ ID NO.184 and the P4 sequence is SEQ ID NO.187; and wherein, within the capture probe for the mesenchymal cell marker gene, the P1 specific sequences for the VIMENTIN gene are SEQ ID NO.71∼SEQ ID NO.80, the P1 specific sequences for the N-cadherin gene are SEQ ID NO.81∼SEQ ID NO.90, the P1 specific sequences for the TWIST1 gene are SEQ ID NO.91∼SEQ ID NO.100, the P1 specific sequences for the AKT2 gene are SEQ ID NO.101∼SEQ ID NO.110, the P1 specific sequences for the ZEB2 gene are SEQ ID NO.111∼SEQ ID NO.120, the P1 specific sequences for the ZEB1 gene are SEQ ID NO.121∼SEQ ID NO.130, the P1 specific sequences for the FOXC1 gene are SEQ ID NO.131∼SEQ ID NO.140, the P1 specific sequences for the FOXC2 gene are SEQ ID NO.141∼SEQ ID NO.150, the P1 specific sequences for the SNAI1 gene are SEQ ID NO.151∼SEQ ID NO.160, the P1 specific sequences for the SNAI2 gene are SEQ ID NO.161∼SEQ ID NO.170; the P2 sequence of the capture probe for the mesenchymal cell marker genes is SEQ ID NO.182; and within the amplification probes for the mesenchymal cell marker gene mRNAs, the P3 sequence is SEQ ID NO.185 and the P4 sequence is SEQ ID NO.188.