Method for producing a document of value comprising first luminescent particles which emit at a first emission wavelength, the first luminescent particles being formed with a bimodal size distribution, i.e. with two defined sizes delimited from one another, and the first luminescent particles being present in homogeneous distribution in the document of value, the document of value being adapted to a method for the checking, specifically of the authenticity and/or of the face value, of the document of value, comprising the following steps: a1) the step of performing a site-specific measurement of first luminescence intensities at a first emission wavelength at various sites on the document of value having the site coordinates, in order thus to obtain (O/L1) measurement value pairs; b1) the step of statistically analysing the first luminescence intensities measured as a function of the individual site coordinates, by using a statistical technique to determine at least one statistical parameter; and c1) the step of comparing the statistical parameter determined in step b1) with one or more threshold values; wherein the luminescence intensities stated in step b1) form a bimodal frequency distribution, i.e. in a histogram in which the relative frequency is plotted as a function of the intensity, the frequency distribution has the form of a total of two peaks having exactly two maxima, the bimodal size distribution in the histogram being configured such that one maximum in respect of its particle size is one and a half to 50 times greater than the other maximum; wherein the method for producing the document of value comprises the step of generating the bimodal size distribution through a mixture of smaller particles and larger particles, characterized in that the larger particles are luminescent, particulate agglomerates of a solid homogeneous phase of a luminophore, obtained by controlled agglomeration of fine material, obtained by grinding, to give larger particle units, so that a monomodal particle size distribution in a range from 10 μm to 20 μm is attained, and the smaller particles are ground material having a particle size in a range from 1 μm to 10 μm. a1) the step of performing a site-specific measurement of first luminescence intensities at a first emission wavelength at various sites on the document of value having the site coordinates, in order thus to obtain (O/L1) measurement value pairs; b1) the step of statistically analysing the first luminescence intensities measured as a function of the individual site coordinates, by using a statistical technique to determine at least one statistical parameter; and c1) the step of comparing the statistical parameter determined in step b1) with one or more threshold values; wherein the luminescence intensities stated in step b1) form a bimodal frequency distribution, i.e. in a histogram in which the relative frequency is plotted as a function of the intensity, the frequency distribution has the form of a total of two peaks having exactly two maxima, the bimodal size distribution in the histogram being configured such that one maximum in respect of its particle size is one and a half to 50 times greater than the other maximum; wherein the method for producing the document of value comprises the step of generating the bimodal size distribution through a mixture of smaller particles and larger particles, characterized in that the larger particles are luminescent, particulate agglomerates of a solid homogeneous phase of a luminophore, obtained by controlled agglomeration of fine material, obtained by grinding, to give larger particle units, so that a monomodal particle size distribution in a range from 10 μm to 20 μm is attained, and the smaller particles are ground material having a particle size in a range from 1 μm to 10 μm.