mhurhangee/ep-ind-claims huggingface dataset:
Method for converting a lignocellulosic substrate, comprising the following steps: 1) a step of liquefaction of the substrate in which 10 to 40% by weight of solids of pretreated lignocellulosic substrate are brought into contact, with stirring and by means of a motor, with water and with enzymes at a concentration of between 0.1 and 60 mg of enzymes per gram of cellulose, for a period of between 1 and 24 hours, in which at least the value of the electrical power consumed by the motor of the stirrer system is measured over time, and, if a decrease in said value over time is detected, a following step a) is performed: a) the feed flowrate of pretreated lignocellulosic substrate is increased, with or without modification of the flow rate of enzymes and/or of water, and if an increase in said value over time is detected, a following step b) is performed: b) the feed flowrate of water and/or of enzymes is increased, with or without modification of the flowrate of pretreated lignocellulosic substrate, the electrical power consumed by the motor of the stirring system related back to the mass of the reaction volume remaining between 0.5 and 2 kW/tonne, 2) a step of saccharification of the lignocellulosic substrate liquefied at the outcome of step 1), said saccharification step being carried out in the presence of an alcohol-producing microorganism according to a process of simultaneous saccharification and fermentation, known as an SSF process. 1) a step of liquefaction of the substrate in which 10 to 40% by weight of solids of pretreated lignocellulosic substrate are brought into contact, with stirring and by means of a motor, with water and with enzymes at a concentration of between 0.1 and 60 mg of enzymes per gram of cellulose, for a period of between 1 and 24 hours, in which at least the value of the electrical power consumed by the motor of the stirrer system is measured over time, and, if a decrease in said value over time is detected, a following step a) is performed: a) the feed flowrate of pretreated lignocellulosic substrate is increased, with or without modification of the flow rate of enzymes and/or of water, and if an increase in said value over time is detected, a following step b) is performed: b) the feed flowrate of water and/or of enzymes is increased, with or without modification of the flowrate of pretreated lignocellulosic substrate, the electrical power consumed by the motor of the stirring system related back to the mass of the reaction volume remaining between 0.5 and 2 kW/tonne, a) the feed flowrate of pretreated lignocellulosic substrate is increased, with or without modification of the flow rate of enzymes and/or of water, 2) a step of saccharification of the lignocellulosic substrate liquefied at the outcome of step 1), said saccharification step being carried out in the presence of an alcohol-producing microorganism according to a process of simultaneous saccharification and fermentation, known as an SSF process.
A removable hearth skid for a furnace and/or cooling chamber arrangement comprising: a base, said base including a top horizontal surface with a base perimeter edge; and, a refractory platform supported by said top horizontal surface and having a refractory perimeter edge including a front perimeter edge, a rear perimeter edge, and at least two side perimeter edges; said base comprises at least two supports extending from said top horizontal surface, so that said at least two supports and said base form an opening; at least one mobile transporter positionable in said opening under said base and between said at least two supports of skid; and said rear perimeter edge and said at least two side perimeter edges form a continuous shoulder extending beyond said base perimeter edge, said shoulder having a shoulder horizontal surface and a shoulder vertical surface in such a way that said mobile transporter is liftable for reception and withdrawal of said skid into and out of said opening respectively. a base, said base including a top horizontal surface with a base perimeter edge; and, a refractory platform supported by said top horizontal surface and having a refractory perimeter edge including a front perimeter edge, a rear perimeter edge, and at least two side perimeter edges; said base comprises at least two supports extending from said top horizontal surface, so that said at least two supports and said base form an opening; at least one mobile transporter positionable in said opening under said base and between said at least two supports of skid; and said rear perimeter edge and said at least two side perimeter edges form a continuous shoulder extending beyond said base perimeter edge, said shoulder having a shoulder horizontal surface and a shoulder vertical surface in such a way that said mobile transporter is liftable for reception and withdrawal of said skid into and out of said opening respectively.
An agricultural working machine comprising a spout for conveying harvested crops forming a crop flow to a transport container, preferably of a transport vehicle, in a transfer process, wherein the spout comprises at his distal end a deflection mechanism forming an outlet mouth for the crop flow and wherein the deflection mechanism comprises an actuator arrangement for adjusting at least part of the outlet mouth in order to change the flow direction (F 1, F 2) of the crop flow by deflection and wherein the agricultural working machine further comprises an operator assistance system, which controls the deflection mechanism, wherein the deflection mechanism is controlled by the operator assistance system such that for distribution of the crops in the transport container along the drive direction of the agricultural working machine during a side-by-side transfer process of the agricultural working machine and the transport container the change in flow direction (F 1, F 2) comprises a deflection component (D D) in drive direction of the agricultural working machine, characterized in that the deflection mechanism comprises a first deflection unit and a second deflection unit which are arranged sequentially at the end of the spout and which are adjustable by the actuator arrangement for adjusting at least part of the outlet mouth in order to change the flow direction of the crop flow by deflection.
A solar cell, comprising: a substrate; an emitter layer at a front surface of the substrate; a first anti-reflection layer on the emitter layer; a back surface field layer at a back surface of the substrate; and a second anti-reflection layer on the back surface field layer, characterised in that the first anti-reflection layer and the second anti-reflection layer overlap each other, and the second anti-reflection layer is at the back surface, a side surface and an edge of the front surface of the substrate. a substrate; an emitter layer at a front surface of the substrate; a first anti-reflection layer on the emitter layer; a back surface field layer at a back surface of the substrate; and a second anti-reflection layer on the back surface field layer, characterised in that the first anti-reflection layer and the second anti-reflection layer overlap each other, and the second anti-reflection layer is at the back surface, a side surface and an edge of the front surface of the substrate.
A method for user authentication, comprising: receiving, from a first application, an access request message associated with a user accessing the first application; sending a first authentication message to the first application in response to the access request message; receiving, from the first application, an input message from the user indicating a unique identifier based at least in part on the first authentication message; generating a plurality of unique identifiers comprising the unique identifier, wherein the first authentication message comprises the plurality of unique identifiers, and wherein the input message from the user is based at least in part on a user selection of the unique identifier from the plurality of unique identifiers; sending a second authentication message to a second application, wherein the second authentication message indicates the unique identifier; receiving, from the second application, an authentication confirmation message from the user corresponding to the second authentication message based at least in part on the input message and the second authentication message both indicating the unique identifier; and performing an authentication procedure for the first application based at least in part on receiving the authentication confirmation message from the second application. receiving, from a first application, an access request message associated with a user accessing the first application; sending a first authentication message to the first application in response to the access request message; receiving, from the first application, an input message from the user indicating a unique identifier based at least in part on the first authentication message; generating a plurality of unique identifiers comprising the unique identifier, wherein the first authentication message comprises the plurality of unique identifiers, and wherein the input message from the user is based at least in part on a user selection of the unique identifier from the plurality of unique identifiers; sending a second authentication message to a second application, wherein the second authentication message indicates the unique identifier; receiving, from the second application, an authentication confirmation message from the user corresponding to the second authentication message based at least in part on the input message and the second authentication message both indicating the unique identifier; and performing an authentication procedure for the first application based at least in part on receiving the authentication confirmation message from the second application.
A process for the manufacture of a double-walled cup for hot beverages in which a tube-shaped outer sleeve made of a paper material is axially slid onto a prefabricated inner cup and attached thereto, wherein the inner cup has in an area below a mouth roll or below a flange an abrupt change in size in the form of a shoulder, wherein between the mouth roll or the flange and the shoulder a supporting surface for the outer sleeve is located, wherein below the shoulder between the outer sleeve and an inner sleeve of the inner cup an essentially ring-shaped air space is located, along which space the outer sleeve and inner sleeve of the inner cup do not contact, wherein at the bottom end of the outer sleeve an inwardly oriented curled-in part is provided, with which the outer sleeve is supported on the inner cup, wherein a standing surface of the cup is formed by the inner cup, wherein, before being slid on, the tube-shaped outer sleeve is formed from a flat-laid blank by means of joining the ends (18, 19) of the blank, and wherein the ends (18, 19) of the blank are joined together by means of an adhesive applied onto the outer sleeve, wherein for joining the ends (18, 19) of the blank to the tube-shaped outer sleeve a thermoplastic material is used as an adhesive, wherein a hot-melt adhesive is used as a thermoplastic material, which hot-melt adhesive is applied to a defined area of the blank before joining of the ends (18, 19) of the blank to the tube-shaped outer sleeve, or that a sealing varnish is used as a thermoplastic material, which sealing varnish is applied to one of the ends (18, 19) of the flat blank in a procedural step preceding the forming of the outer sleeve, which sealing varnish hardens on the flat blank, and which sealing varnish is re-heated during the joining of the ends (18, 19) of the blank to a tube-shaped outer sleeve, thereby adhering the ends (18, 19) together.
Compounds of formula I wherein: R is CF 3; R 1 is hydrogen, C 1 -C 6 -alkyl, C 2 -C 6 -alkenyl, C 2 -C 6 -alkynyl, C 3 -C 8 -cycloalkyl, C 3 -C 8 -cycloalkyl-C 1 -C 4 -alkyl, phenyl, phenyl-C 1 -C 4 -alkyl, phenyl-C 2 -C 4 -alkenyl or phenyl-C 2 -C 4 -alkynyl; R 2 is hydrogen, C 1 -C 6 -alkyl, C 2 -C 6 -alkenyl, C 2 -C 6 -alkynyl, C 3 -C 8 -cycloalkyl, phenyl, phenyl-C 1 -C 4 -alkyl, phenyl-C 2 -C 4 -alkenyl or phenyl-C 2 -C 4 -alkynyl; wherein the aliphatic groups R 1 and/or R 2 may carry 1, 2, 3 or up to the maximum possible number of identical or different groups R a which independently of one another are selected from: R a halogen, CN, nitro, C 1 -C 4 -alkoxy and C 1 -C 4 -halogenalkoxy; wherein the cycloalkyl and/or phenyl moieties of R 1 and/or R 2 may carry 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or up to the maximum number of identical or different groups R b which independently of one another are selected from: R b halogen, CN, nitro, C 1 -C 4 -alkyl, C 1 -C 4 -alkoxy, C 1 -C 4 -halogenalkyl and C 1 -C 4 -halogenalkoxy; R 3 is halogen, CN, nitro, C 1 -C 4 -alkyl, C 1 -C 4 -halogenalkyl, C 1 -C 4 -alkoxy or C 1 -C 4 -halogenalkoxy n is an integer and is 0, 1, 2 or 3; R 4 is halogen, CN, nitro, C 1 -C 4 -alkyl, C 1 -C 4 -halogenalkyl, C 1 -C 4 -alkoxy or C 1 -C 4 -halogenalkoxy m is an integer and is 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5; and the N-oxides and the agriculturally acceptable salts thereof. R is CF 3; R 1 is hydrogen, C 1 -C 6 -alkyl, C 2 -C 6 -alkenyl, C 2 -C 6 -alkynyl, C 3 -C 8 -cycloalkyl, C 3 -C 8 -cycloalkyl-C 1 -C 4 -alkyl, phenyl, phenyl-C 1 -C 4 -alkyl, phenyl-C 2 -C 4 -alkenyl or phenyl-C 2 -C 4 -alkynyl; R 2 is hydrogen, C 1 -C 6 -alkyl, C 2 -C 6 -alkenyl, C 2 -C 6 -alkynyl, C 3 -C 8 -cycloalkyl, phenyl, phenyl-C 1 -C 4 -alkyl, phenyl-C 2 -C 4 -alkenyl or phenyl-C 2 -C 4 -alkynyl; wherein the aliphatic groups R 1 and/or R 2 may carry 1, 2, 3 or up to the maximum possible number of identical or different groups R a which independently of one another are selected from: R a halogen, CN, nitro, C 1 -C 4 -alkoxy and C 1 -C 4 -halogenalkoxy; wherein the cycloalkyl and/or phenyl moieties of R 1 and/or R 2 may carry 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or up to the maximum number of identical or different groups R b which independently of one another are selected from: R b halogen, CN, nitro, C 1 -C 4 -alkyl, C 1 -C 4 -alkoxy, C 1 -C 4 -halogenalkyl and C 1 -C 4 -halogenalkoxy; R a halogen, CN, nitro, C 1 -C 4 -alkoxy and C 1 -C 4 -halogenalkoxy; R b halogen, CN, nitro, C 1 -C 4 -alkyl, C 1 -C 4 -alkoxy, C 1 -C 4 -halogenalkyl and C 1 -C 4 -halogenalkoxy; R 3 is halogen, CN, nitro, C 1 -C 4 -alkyl, C 1 -C 4 -halogenalkyl, C 1 -C 4 -alkoxy or C 1 -C 4 -halogenalkoxy n is an integer and is 0, 1, 2 or 3; R 4 is halogen, CN, nitro, C 1 -C 4 -alkyl, C 1 -C 4 -halogenalkyl, C 1 -C 4 -alkoxy or C 1 -C 4 -halogenalkoxy m is an integer and is 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5;
A light emitting device comprising: a light source adapted for, in operation, emitting light, the light source comprising a light emitting surface, and a light guide comprising a top surface, a bottom surface and a light incoupling edge extending between the top surface and the bottom surface, wherein a plane is defined as extending in parallel with at least one of the top surface and the bottom surface of the light guide, wherein the light source and the light guide are arranged in such a way with respect to each other that the light emitting surface of the light source and the light incoupling edge of the light guide face each other, that the light incoupling edge of the light guide extends in a first angle (α) with respect to said plane, that the light emitting surface of the light source extends in a second angle (β) with respect to said plane, and that at least one of the first angle (α) and the second angle (β) is less than 90°, wherein the light emitting device further comprises a linear refractive and/or reflective optical element arranged and adapted for shaping the fraction of the light emitted by the light source which is not coupled into the light guide and/or which leaks out of the top surface of the light guide, characterised in that the linear refractive and/or reflective optical element is arranged and adapted for shaping said fraction of the light emitted by the light source into a focused light beam propagating above the top surface away from the light guide in an acute angle with said plane. a light source adapted for, in operation, emitting light, the light source comprising a light emitting surface, and a light guide comprising a top surface, a bottom surface and a light incoupling edge extending between the top surface and the bottom surface, wherein a plane is defined as extending in parallel with at least one of the top surface and the bottom surface of the light guide, wherein the light source and the light guide are arranged in such a way with respect to each other that the light emitting surface of the light source and the light incoupling edge of the light guide face each other, that the light incoupling edge of the light guide extends in a first angle (α) with respect to said plane, that the light emitting surface of the light source extends in a second angle (β) with respect to said plane, and that at least one of the first angle (α) and the second angle (β) is less than 90°, wherein the light emitting device further comprises a linear refractive and/or reflective optical element arranged and adapted for shaping the fraction of the light emitted by the light source which is not coupled into the light guide and/or which leaks out of the top surface of the light guide, characterised in that the linear refractive and/or reflective optical element is arranged and adapted for shaping said fraction of the light emitted by the light source into a focused light beam propagating above the top surface away from the light guide in an acute angle with said plane.
A process of preparing a compound of formula R I -CH=CHCH 2 OC -X-R 2, wherein X is -NR 3; R 1 is quinolyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents selected from: (i) alkyl, (ii) alkoxy, (iii) aryl, (iv) nitro, and (v) halo; R 2 is C 1 -C 10 -alkyl; and R 3 is hydrogen or C 1 -C 6 -alkyl; or R 2 and R 3 taken together form an aromatic or non-aromatic ring; comprising the steps of: (a) preparing a compound of the formula R 1 -CH= CHCH 2 OR 4, wherein R 4 is hydrogen or a hydroxy protecting group; (b) optionally deprotecting the compound obtained in step (a); and (c) reacting a compound of the formula R 1 -CH=CHCH 2 OH with an acylating reagent. (Canceled) X is -NR 3; R 1 is quinolyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents selected from: (i) alkyl, (ii) alkoxy, (iii) aryl, (iv) nitro, and (v) halo; (i) alkyl, (ii) alkoxy, (iii) aryl, (iv) nitro, and (v) halo; R 2 is C 1 -C 10 -alkyl; and R 3 is hydrogen or C 1 -C 6 -alkyl; or R 2 and R 3 taken together form an aromatic or non-aromatic ring; comprising the steps of: (a) preparing a compound of the formula R 1 -CH= CHCH 2 OR 4, wherein R 4 is hydrogen or a hydroxy protecting group; (b) optionally deprotecting the compound obtained in step (a); and (c) reacting a compound of the formula R 1 -CH=CHCH 2 OH with an acylating reagent. (a) preparing a compound of the formula R 1 -CH= CHCH 2 OR 4, wherein R 4 is hydrogen or a hydroxy protecting group; (b) optionally deprotecting the compound obtained in step (a); and (c) reacting a compound of the formula R 1 -CH=CHCH 2 OH with an acylating reagent.
A method of continuously preparing a biodegradable aliphatic/aromatic polyester copolymer, the method comprising: performing a first esterification reaction of an aliphatic dihydroxy compound with an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid at a temperature in a range of 160 to 185 °C; continuously performing a second esterification reaction of a reaction product obtained from the first esterification reaction at a temperature in a range of 220 to 250 °C; obtaining a prepolymer by continuously performing a first polycondensation reaction of a product obtained from the second esterification reaction; and continuously performing polycondensation reaction of the prepolymer, wherein an aromatic carboxylic acid is added to the step of performingthe first esterification reaction or the step of continuously performing the second esterification reaction to prepare the biodegradable aliphatic/aromatic polyester copolymer. performing a first esterification reaction of an aliphatic dihydroxy compound with an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid at a temperature in a range of 160 to 185 °C; continuously performing a second esterification reaction of a reaction product obtained from the first esterification reaction at a temperature in a range of 220 to 250 °C; obtaining a prepolymer by continuously performing a first polycondensation reaction of a product obtained from the second esterification reaction; and continuously performing polycondensation reaction of the prepolymer, wherein an aromatic carboxylic acid is added to the step of performingthe first esterification reaction or the step of continuously performing the second esterification reaction to prepare the biodegradable aliphatic/aromatic polyester copolymer.
A method for transferring a monocrystalline semiconductor layer onto a support substrate, comprising the following successive steps: (a) implanting species in a substrate, referred to as the donor substrate, so as to form in the donor substrate an embrittlement zone delimiting the monocrystalline layer to be transferred; (b) bonding the donor substrate to said support substrate; (c) fracturing the donor substrate at the embrittlement zone, so as to transfer the layer onto the support substrate; (d) removing a surface portion of the transferred monocrystalline layer; said method being characterized in that it further comprises steps wherein: • a first portion of the monocrystalline layer to be transferred is rendered amorphous, without disorganizing the crystal lattice of a second portion of the monocrystalline layer, said first and second portions (34, 35) being, respectively, a surface portion and a buried portion of the monocrystalline layer relative to the direction of implantation, the thickness of said first portion being greater than the thickness of the transferred monocrystalline layer after the removal of its surface portion carried out at step (d); • said first amorphous portion of the monocrystalline layer is recrystallized, the crystal lattice of said second portion serving as a seed for recrystallization, said recrystallization being carried out at a temperature below 500 °C. (a) implanting species in a substrate, referred to as the donor substrate, so as to form in the donor substrate an embrittlement zone delimiting the monocrystalline layer to be transferred; (b) bonding the donor substrate to said support substrate; (c) fracturing the donor substrate at the embrittlement zone, so as to transfer the layer onto the support substrate; (d) removing a surface portion of the transferred monocrystalline layer; • a first portion of the monocrystalline layer to be transferred is rendered amorphous, without disorganizing the crystal lattice of a second portion of the monocrystalline layer, said first and second portions (34, 35) being, respectively, a surface portion and a buried portion of the monocrystalline layer relative to the direction of implantation, the thickness of said first portion being greater than the thickness of the transferred monocrystalline layer after the removal of its surface portion carried out at step (d); • said first amorphous portion of the monocrystalline layer is recrystallized, the crystal lattice of said second portion serving as a seed for recrystallization, said recrystallization being carried out at a temperature below 500 °C.