Smoke and heat exhaust ventilation system comprising: - a base delimited by a counter frame and arranged peripherally with respect to a through opening made in the structure of a building, said through opening being configured to place the inside of one or more rooms of said building in communication with the external environment; - a cover delimited by a frame associated with the counter frame of said base by means of hinges that allow said cover to rotate to open and close said through opening; - rotation means suited to rotate said cover, comprising: - a linear electric actuator comprising a power unit which sets a stem moving linearly inside a cylinder; - an articulation unit operatively connected to said linear electric actuator and comprising at least one first rod connecting the head of said stem to said counter frame and at least one second rod connecting said cylinder to said counter frame; said articulation unit also comprising at least one connecting rod which connects said head of said stem to said frame, wherein said articulation unit also comprises at least one third rod which connects said first rod and said second rod together, wherein in said third rod it is possible to identify a first end hinged to an intermediate area of said first rod and a second end hinged to an intermediate area of said second rod; characterized in that said connecting rod comprises a first end hinged to said head of said stem and a second end hinged to a crosspiece fixed between two opposite sides (6a, 6b) of said frame. - a base delimited by a counter frame and arranged peripherally with respect to a through opening made in the structure of a building, said through opening being configured to place the inside of one or more rooms of said building in communication with the external environment; - a cover delimited by a frame associated with the counter frame of said base by means of hinges that allow said cover to rotate to open and close said through opening; - rotation means suited to rotate said cover, comprising: - a linear electric actuator comprising a power unit which sets a stem moving linearly inside a cylinder; - an articulation unit operatively connected to said linear electric actuator and comprising at least one first rod connecting the head of said stem to said counter frame and at least one second rod connecting said cylinder to said counter frame; - a linear electric actuator comprising a power unit which sets a stem moving linearly inside a cylinder; - an articulation unit operatively connected to said linear electric actuator and comprising at least one first rod connecting the head of said stem to said counter frame and at least one second rod connecting said cylinder to said counter frame; said articulation unit also comprising at least one connecting rod which connects said head of said stem to said frame, wherein said articulation unit also comprises at least one third rod which connects said first rod and said second rod together, wherein in said third rod it is possible to identify a first end hinged to an intermediate area of said first rod and a second end hinged to an intermediate area of said second rod; characterized in that said connecting rod comprises a first end hinged to said head of said stem and a second end hinged to a crosspiece fixed between two opposite sides (6a, 6b) of said frame.