A tube segment sampler (10, 100) for withdrawing a fluid sample from an elongate and flexible tube segment having at least one wall defining a sealed interior, the sampler (10, 100) adapted to be held in the hand and having: a longitudinally extending first tube piercing member having a hollow first piercing part for piercing and creating a first opening in the at least one wall and a longitudinally extending second tube piercing member having a hollow second piercing part for piercing and creating a second opening in the at least one wall; an integrally formed shield body (12, 14) that defines first and second shielded spaces arranged side by side, the first and second tube piercing parts located within the first and second shielded spaces, respectively; the first and second tube piercing members mounted on or in the shield body and arranged generally parallel to each other; said shield body (12, 14) including: a first tube segment receiving opening at an upper end of the shield body (12, 14), sized and located to guide a first end of the flexible tube segment to pass into the first shielded space and for the first end to be impaled on the first tube piercing part, with the first tube piercing member extending longitudinally through the first end and longitudinally within the tube segment with a first passageway internal of the first tube piercing member communicating with the interior of the flexible tube segment; the first passageway being in fluid communication with a first connection portion adapted for connection to a sample receiver or an adaptor for a sample receiver; a second tube segment receiving opening at the upper end of the shield body (12, 14), sized and located to guide a second end of the flexible tube segment to pass into the second shielded space and for the second end to be impaled on the second tube piercing part whilst the flexible tube segment is impaled on the first tube piercing part; with the second tube piercing member extending longitudinally through the second end and longitudinally within the flexible tube segment with a second passageway internal of the second tube piercing member communicating with the interior of the flexible tube segment; the second passageway being in fluid communication with the environment. a longitudinally extending first tube piercing member having a hollow first piercing part for piercing and creating a first opening in the at least one wall and a longitudinally extending second tube piercing member having a hollow second piercing part for piercing and creating a second opening in the at least one wall; an integrally formed shield body (12, 14) that defines first and second shielded spaces arranged side by side, the first and second tube piercing parts located within the first and second shielded spaces, respectively; the first and second tube piercing members mounted on or in the shield body and arranged generally parallel to each other; said shield body (12, 14) including: a first tube segment receiving opening at an upper end of the shield body (12, 14), sized and located to guide a first end of the flexible tube segment to pass into the first shielded space and for the first end to be impaled on the first tube piercing part, with the first tube piercing member extending longitudinally through the first end and longitudinally within the tube segment with a first passageway internal of the first tube piercing member communicating with the interior of the flexible tube segment; the first passageway being in fluid communication with a first connection portion adapted for connection to a sample receiver or an adaptor for a sample receiver; a second tube segment receiving opening at the upper end of the shield body (12, 14), sized and located to guide a second end of the flexible tube segment to pass into the second shielded space and for the second end to be impaled on the second tube piercing part whilst the flexible tube segment is impaled on the first tube piercing part; with the second tube piercing member extending longitudinally through the second end and longitudinally within the flexible tube segment with a second passageway internal of the second tube piercing member communicating with the interior of the flexible tube segment; the second passageway being in fluid communication with the environment. a first tube segment receiving opening at an upper end of the shield body (12, 14), sized and located to guide a first end of the flexible tube segment to pass into the first shielded space and for the first end to be impaled on the first tube piercing part, with the first tube piercing member extending longitudinally through the first end and longitudinally within the tube segment with a first passageway internal of the first tube piercing member communicating with the interior of the flexible tube segment; the first passageway being in fluid communication with a first connection portion adapted for connection to a sample receiver or an adaptor for a sample receiver; a second tube segment receiving opening at the upper end of the shield body (12, 14), sized and located to guide a second end of the flexible tube segment to pass into the second shielded space and for the second end to be impaled on the second tube piercing part whilst the flexible tube segment is impaled on the first tube piercing part; with the second tube piercing member extending longitudinally through the second end and longitudinally within the flexible tube segment with a second passageway internal of the second tube piercing member communicating with the interior of the flexible tube segment; the second passageway being in fluid communication with the environment.