A vehicle refrigeration system, comprising: a refrigeration module which has a compressor, a condenser, a throttling element and an evaporator that are connected in sequence through a pipeline; and a power module which has an engine linked to the compressor; wherein a variable speed component is further provided, which is capable of causing the engine to run at a multistep or stepless speed; and a control module having an environmental parameter sensor configured to detect a working environment parameter, an operating parameter sensor configured to detect a system operating parameter; and a control unit configured to control a variable speed component according to the working environment parameter and the system operating parameter; wherein the variable speed component comprises a variable speed drive unit and a speed regulating handle pivotally connected to each other; wherein the speed regulating handle is capable of pivoting about a pivot on the engine, and different pivoting positions thereof correspond to different rotating speeds of the engine; and wherein the variable speed drive unit is mounted about the engine, and configured to drive the speed regulating handle to different pivoting positions; wherein the variable speed component is configured to adjust a degree of opening of an oil feeding port of the engine; and wherein the variable speed drive unit comprises a stepper motor and a connecting rod, a first end of the connecting rod is pivotally connected to the stepper motor, and a second end of the connecting rod is pivotally connected to the speed regulating handle. a refrigeration module which has a compressor, a condenser, a throttling element and an evaporator that are connected in sequence through a pipeline; and a power module which has an engine linked to the compressor; wherein a variable speed component is further provided, which is capable of causing the engine to run at a multistep or stepless speed; and a control module having an environmental parameter sensor configured to detect a working environment parameter, an operating parameter sensor configured to detect a system operating parameter; and a control unit configured to control a variable speed component according to the working environment parameter and the system operating parameter; an environmental parameter sensor configured to detect a working environment parameter, an operating parameter sensor configured to detect a system operating parameter; and a control unit configured to control a variable speed component according to the working environment parameter and the system operating parameter; wherein the variable speed component comprises a variable speed drive unit and a speed regulating handle pivotally connected to each other; wherein the speed regulating handle is capable of pivoting about a pivot on the engine, and different pivoting positions thereof correspond to different rotating speeds of the engine; and wherein the variable speed drive unit is mounted about the engine, and configured to drive the speed regulating handle to different pivoting positions; wherein the variable speed component is configured to adjust a degree of opening of an oil feeding port of the engine; and wherein the variable speed drive unit comprises a stepper motor and a connecting rod, a first end of the connecting rod is pivotally connected to the stepper motor, and a second end of the connecting rod is pivotally connected to the speed regulating handle.