A bus monitoring method applicable to a control module, wherein the control module is in connection with a plurality of monitoring nodes arranged in a bus, with each monitoring node arranged in a respective one of a plurality of subsystems to be tested of the bus; and each monitoring node comprises: a monitoring connection unit configured to realize a connection between the respective monitoring node and the respective subsystem to be tested, and a monitoring implementation unit configured to monitor whether an address of the respective subsystem to be tested matches the address of the respective subsystem to be tested in data; and the plurality of monitoring nodes are connected in series in a ring topology; and wherein the method further comprises: acquiring a test vector and sending a test message according to the test vector to one of the plurality of monitoring nodes so as to transmit the test message in series across the plurality of monitoring nodes, and the test vector is configured to instruct each monitoring node to execute the test message and acquire test information of the respective subsystem to be tested, wherein the test information of the respective subsystem to be tested is configured to indicate information of the bus of the respective subsystem to be tested when the monitoring node executes the test message. is in connection with a plurality of monitoring nodes arranged in a bus, with each monitoring node arranged in a respective one of a plurality of subsystems to be tested of the bus; and each monitoring node comprises: a monitoring connection unit configured to realize a connection between the respective monitoring node and the respective subsystem to be tested, and a monitoring implementation unit configured to monitor whether an address of the respective subsystem to be tested matches the address of the respective subsystem to be tested in data; and the plurality of monitoring nodes are connected in series in a ring topology; and wherein the method further comprises: acquiring a test vector and sending a test message according to the test vector to one of the plurality of monitoring nodes so as to transmit the test message in series across the plurality of monitoring nodes, and the test vector is configured to instruct each monitoring node to execute the test message and acquire test information of the respective subsystem to be tested, wherein the test information of the respective subsystem to be tested is configured to indicate information of the bus of the respective subsystem to be tested when the monitoring node executes the test message. acquiring a test vector and sending a test message according to the test vector to one of the plurality of monitoring nodes so as to transmit the test message in series across the plurality of monitoring nodes, and the test vector is configured to instruct each monitoring node to execute the test message and acquire test information of the respective subsystem to be tested, wherein the test information of the respective subsystem to be tested is configured to indicate information of the bus of the respective subsystem to be tested when the monitoring node executes the test message.