A physiological monitoring system using a Bluetooth low energy mesh network, the physiological monitoring system comprising: a main control device comprising a data processor and a main control terminal Bluetooth low energy transmission module, wherein the data processor generates a measurement command signal, and the measurement command signal contains an identification code of the main control device, wherein after the measurement command signal is received by the main control terminal Bluetooth low energy transmission module, the measurement command signal is externally broadcasted; and plural physiological detection devices, wherein each physiological detection device comprises a peripheral terminal Bluetooth low energy transmission module (112,122) receiving the measurement command signal, a detection processor (111,121) and a physiological sensor (113,123), characterized in that each of the physiological detection devices further comprises an input device (115, 125), through which an associated subject may input a responding command into the physiological detection device after the detection processor (111,121) receives the measurement command signal from the main control terminal Bluetooth low energy transmission module through the Bluetooth low energy mesh network, wherein the detection processor (111,121) does not transmit the command signal to the physiological sensor (113,123) if the responding command indicates a NO message or no responding command is generated, and the detection processor (111,121) transmits the measurement command signal to the physiological sensor (113,123) if the responding command indicates a YES message, wherein a physiological value (B1,B2) of a subject is detected by the physiological sensor (113,123) according to the measurement command signal, and then the physiological value (B1,B2) is transmitted to the detection processor (111,121), wherein a physiological data signal (C1-C7) is generated by the detection processor (111,121) according to the physiological value (B1,B2) and an identification code of the physiological detection device, and the physiological data signal (C1-C7) is externally broadcasted through the peripheral terminal Bluetooth low energy transmission module (112,122), wherein after the physiological data signal (C1-C7) is received by the main control terminal Bluetooth low energy transmission module of the main control device through the Bluetooth low energy mesh network, the data processor generates a medical record table corresponding to the subject according to the physiological data signal (C1-C7). a main control device comprising a data processor and a main control terminal Bluetooth low energy transmission module, wherein the data processor generates a measurement command signal, and the measurement command signal contains an identification code of the main control device, wherein after the measurement command signal is received by the main control terminal Bluetooth low energy transmission module, the measurement command signal is externally broadcasted; and plural physiological detection devices, wherein each physiological detection device comprises a peripheral terminal Bluetooth low energy transmission module (112,122) receiving the measurement command signal, a detection processor (111,121) and a physiological sensor (113,123), characterized in that each of the physiological detection devices further comprises an input device (115, 125), through which an associated subject may input a responding command into the physiological detection device after the detection processor (111,121) receives the measurement command signal from the main control terminal Bluetooth low energy transmission module through the Bluetooth low energy mesh network, wherein the detection processor (111,121) does not transmit the command signal to the physiological sensor (113,123) if the responding command indicates a NO message or no responding command is generated, and the detection processor (111,121) transmits the measurement command signal to the physiological sensor (113,123) if the responding command indicates a YES message, wherein a physiological value (B1,B2) of a subject is detected by the physiological sensor (113,123) according to the measurement command signal, and then the physiological value (B1,B2) is transmitted to the detection processor (111,121), wherein a physiological data signal (C1-C7) is generated by the detection processor (111,121) according to the physiological value (B1,B2) and an identification code of the physiological detection device, and the physiological data signal (C1-C7) is externally broadcasted through the peripheral terminal Bluetooth low energy transmission module (112,122), wherein after the physiological data signal (C1-C7) is received by the main control terminal Bluetooth low energy transmission module of the main control device through the Bluetooth low energy mesh network, the data processor generates a medical record table corresponding to the subject according to the physiological data signal (C1-C7).