A solar cell, comprising: a substrate; a first passivation film, an anti-reflection layer and at least one first electrode sequentially formed on a front surface of the substrate; and a tunneling layer, a field passivation layer and at least one second electrode sequentially formed on a rear surface of the substrate; wherein: the field passivation layer includes a first field passivation sub-layer corresponding to a portion of the field passivation layer in a first region formed between the at least one second electrode and the substrate, and a second field passivation sub-layer corresponding to a portion of the field passivation layer in a second region formed between adjacent second electrodes; a conductivity of the first field passivation sub-layer is greater than a conductivity of the second field passivation sub-layer, and a thickness of the second field passivation sub-layer is smaller than a thickness of the first field passivation sub-layer; and a surface doping concentration of a top surface of the second field passivation sub-layer facing away from the substrate is lower than a surface doping concentration of a top surface of the first field passivation sub-layer facing away from the substrate; characterized in that a material of the first field passivation sub-layer is different from a material of the second field passivation sub-layer, and an absorption coefficient of the second field passivation sub-layer is smaller than an absorption coefficient of the first field passivation sub-layer. a substrate; a first passivation film, an anti-reflection layer and at least one first electrode sequentially formed on a front surface of the substrate; and a tunneling layer, a field passivation layer and at least one second electrode sequentially formed on a rear surface of the substrate; wherein: the field passivation layer includes a first field passivation sub-layer corresponding to a portion of the field passivation layer in a first region formed between the at least one second electrode and the substrate, and a second field passivation sub-layer corresponding to a portion of the field passivation layer in a second region formed between adjacent second electrodes; a conductivity of the first field passivation sub-layer is greater than a conductivity of the second field passivation sub-layer, and a thickness of the second field passivation sub-layer is smaller than a thickness of the first field passivation sub-layer; and a surface doping concentration of a top surface of the second field passivation sub-layer facing away from the substrate is lower than a surface doping concentration of a top surface of the first field passivation sub-layer facing away from the substrate; characterized in that a material of the first field passivation sub-layer is different from a material of the second field passivation sub-layer, and an absorption coefficient of the second field passivation sub-layer is smaller than an absorption coefficient of the first field passivation sub-layer. the field passivation layer includes a first field passivation sub-layer corresponding to a portion of the field passivation layer in a first region formed between the at least one second electrode and the substrate, and a second field passivation sub-layer corresponding to a portion of the field passivation layer in a second region formed between adjacent second electrodes; a conductivity of the first field passivation sub-layer is greater than a conductivity of the second field passivation sub-layer, and a thickness of the second field passivation sub-layer is smaller than a thickness of the first field passivation sub-layer; and a surface doping concentration of a top surface of the second field passivation sub-layer facing away from the substrate is lower than a surface doping concentration of a top surface of the first field passivation sub-layer facing away from the substrate; characterized in that a material of the first field passivation sub-layer is different from a material of the second field passivation sub-layer, and an absorption coefficient of the second field passivation sub-layer is smaller than an absorption coefficient of the first field passivation sub-layer.