mhurhangee/ep-ind-claims huggingface dataset:
A method of forming a semiconductor device, comprising: providing a silicon base substrate comprising a substantially planar growth surface and one or more preferred crystallographic cleavage planes and an epitaxial type III-V semiconductor layer on the planar growth surface, wherein the growth surface has a plane and the preferred cleavage planes are the, and crystallographic planes of the silicon base substrate, wherein the type III-V semiconductor layer comprises a heterojunction, in which a GaN region and an AIGaN region, which have different bandgaps, adjoin one another so as to form a two-dimensional carrier gas; forming a mask on an upper surface of the type III-V semiconductor layer with openings that expose the upper surface of the type III-V semiconductor layer; forming a first trench by an etching process and removing semiconductor material that is exposed from the openings of the mask from the type III-V semiconductor layer, the first trench vertically extending from the upper surface of the type III-V semiconductor layer at least to the planar growth surface; wherein the first trench has a first trench length direction that is non parallel and unaligned to the one or more preferred crystallographic cleavage planes. providing a silicon base substrate comprising a substantially planar growth surface and one or more preferred crystallographic cleavage planes and an epitaxial type III-V semiconductor layer on the planar growth surface, wherein the growth surface has a plane and the preferred cleavage planes are the, and crystallographic planes of the silicon base substrate, wherein the type III-V semiconductor layer comprises a heterojunction, in which a GaN region and an AIGaN region, which have different bandgaps, adjoin one another so as to form a two-dimensional carrier gas; forming a mask on an upper surface of the type III-V semiconductor layer with openings that expose the upper surface of the type III-V semiconductor layer; forming a first trench by an etching process and removing semiconductor material that is exposed from the openings of the mask from the type III-V semiconductor layer, the first trench vertically extending from the upper surface of the type III-V semiconductor layer at least to the planar growth surface; wherein the first trench has a first trench length direction that is non parallel and unaligned to the one or more preferred crystallographic cleavage planes.
Supporting frame comprising a lifting column (7,14,26,79,114,125) with telescopically arranged profiles (15,16,17;27,28,29), where the telescopically arranged profiles (15,16,17;27,28,29) have an upper and lower end, to which upper end a housing (18,30,80,113,126) is secured, a base unit (10,59,102,118) comprising a compartment at least for partial reception of the lifting column housing (18,30,80,113,126), a cross member (13,74,112,139) for mounting on the base unit (10,59,102,118), a locking element (94,104,133,134), which when placed in a locked position exerts a squeezing force between the base unit (10,59,102,118), the lifting column housing (18,30,80,113,126) and the cross member (13,74,112,139), by which the lifting column housing (18,30,80,113,126) and the cross member (13,74,112,139) are fixed in the base unit (10,59,102,118), and where the locking element (94,104,133,134) comprises means for retaining the locking element (94,104,133,134) in the locked position characterized in that the base unit (10,59,118) has a U-shaped cross section with two parallel side walls (60,61;119,120) having a mutual distance between them which corresponds to the width of the lifting column housing (80,126). a lifting column (7,14,26,79,114,125) with telescopically arranged profiles (15,16,17;27,28,29), where the telescopically arranged profiles (15,16,17;27,28,29) have an upper and lower end, to which upper end a housing (18,30,80,113,126) is secured, a base unit (10,59,102,118) comprising a compartment at least for partial reception of the lifting column housing (18,30,80,113,126), a cross member (13,74,112,139) for mounting on the base unit (10,59,102,118), a locking element (94,104,133,134), which when placed in a locked position exerts a squeezing force between the base unit (10,59,102,118), the lifting column housing (18,30,80,113,126) and the cross member (13,74,112,139), by which the lifting column housing (18,30,80,113,126) and the cross member (13,74,112,139) are fixed in the base unit (10,59,102,118), and where the locking element (94,104,133,134) comprises means for retaining the locking element (94,104,133,134) in the locked position characterized in that the base unit (10,59,118) has a U-shaped cross section with two parallel side walls (60,61;119,120) having a mutual distance between them which corresponds to the width of the lifting column housing (80,126).
Method for the safe operation of a packaging machine for producing packs for smokable products - such as, for instance, cigarettes - wherein the packaging machine comprises at least one servo drive for driving at least one movable member, wherein, in the case of an initial commissioning of the machine or after a machine stoppage, the servo drive is able to be operated in one of at least two operating modes, namely a first operating mode, in which position control of the servo motor is effected in such a manner that the respective actual rotary position of the servo motor is compared with a required rotary position and, in the case of deviations between the actual and the required rotary position, the actual rotary position is adapted to the required rotary position, and a second operating mode in which no position control of the servo motor is effected at least within a range of the angle of rotation, wherein a) the servo drive is automatically transferred from the first into the second operating mode when - whilst the servo drive is situated in the first operating mode - a torque, in particular a minimum torque of a predetermined size, is applied to the shaft of the servo motor of the servo drive by an operator, or wherein b) the servo drive is automatically transferred from the second into the first operating mode when, as a result of rotations effected by an operator, in particular by means of a mechanical or electronic hand wheel which is coupled with the shaft, the shaft of the servo motor of the servo drive is moved into a predetermined required rotary position. a) the servo drive is automatically transferred from the first into the second operating mode when - whilst the servo drive is situated in the first operating mode - a torque, in particular a minimum torque of a predetermined size, is applied to the shaft of the servo motor of the servo drive by an operator, or wherein b) the servo drive is automatically transferred from the second into the first operating mode when, as a result of rotations effected by an operator, in particular by means of a mechanical or electronic hand wheel which is coupled with the shaft, the shaft of the servo motor of the servo drive is moved into a predetermined required rotary position.
A fin heat exchanger comprising a plurality of fins arranged in parallel for the exchange of heat with a gaseous medium flowing laterally onto the fins which have a stamped portion which has a tooth-like profile in a flow direction of the gaseous medium, wherein the fins (1, 3, 5) each have leadthroughs for a plurality of heat transfer pipes which serve for the exchange of heat with the fins; wherein three adjacent leadthroughs for heat transfer pipes each form a triangle which is approximately isosceles; and wherein the tooth-like profile is formed such that a breaking away of the flow can occur at the tips of the teeth (9, 10, 11) to generate a turbulent flow pattern, characterized in that the height of the stamped portion measured between two tips (9, 11) of the tooth-like stamped portion facing in different directions is larger than 2 mm; and in that the fins (1, 3, 5) in parallel with the heat transfer pipes are passed through by one or more heating pipes, heating rods or heating rod tubes for defrosting, with the heating pipes, heating rods or heating rod tubes each being arranged in alignment between two heat transfer pipes in each case, the connection line of said heat transfer pipes being oblique to the flow direction of the gaseous medium.
Method for sensing the surroundings of a vehicle using an ultrasonic sensor (16a, 16b, 16c, 16d), comprising the following steps: a) emitting a transmission pulse by means of the ultrasonic sensor (16a, 16b, 16c, 16d), b) sensing of a ringing signal of the ultrasonic sensor (16a, 16b, 16c, 16d) in a ringing interval, characterized by the steps: c) determining an energy value by integrating the ringing signal over a time period in the ringing interval, and d) detecting (114, 116) echo signals in the ringing interval on the basis of the determined energy value, wherein a model signal of the ultrasonic sensor (16a, 16b, 16c, 16d) is made available and integrated in a time period which corresponds to the integrated time period of the ringing signal, wherein an energy value of the integrated model signal is compared with the energy value of the integrated ringing signal, wherein the echo signal (30, 32) is detected if the energy value of the integrated model signal differs from the energy value of the ringing signal, and wherein the model signal is initialized after the detection of an echo signal (30, 32). a) emitting a transmission pulse by means of the ultrasonic sensor (16a, 16b, 16c, 16d), b) sensing of a ringing signal of the ultrasonic sensor (16a, 16b, 16c, 16d) in a ringing interval, c) determining an energy value by integrating the ringing signal over a time period in the ringing interval, and d) detecting (114, 116) echo signals in the ringing interval on the basis of the determined energy value,
A method of fabricating an electrically conductive mechanical interconnection element, said method comprising the steps consisting in: i) placing in an electrolytic cell, an electrolytic solution of a compound that is a precursor of a metallic material; ii) immersing in said solution a conductive substrate having at least one face coated in a porous membrane presenting a substantially regular array of rectilinear through pores; iii) providing an electrode facing said or each porous membrane, but spaced apart therefrom; iv) connecting said substrate to a negative terminal of an electricity generator so as to constitute a cathode, and connecting said electrode to a positive terminal of said generator so as to constitute an anode, in order to perform electrolytic deposition of said metallic material on the surface of the substrate through the pores of said membrane; v) dissolving said porous membrane so as to release a structure comprising a plurality of wires of sub-micrometric diameter made of said metallic material and projecting from the surface of said substrate; said method being characterized in that it further comprises an additional step of: vi) controlled partial dissolution of said wires to reduce the diameter thereof so as to increase the force of adhesion that acts between two said structures as a result of said wires interpenetrating and tangling together when the structures are pressed one against the other. i) placing in an electrolytic cell, an electrolytic solution of a compound that is a precursor of a metallic material; ii) immersing in said solution a conductive substrate having at least one face coated in a porous membrane presenting a substantially regular array of rectilinear through pores; iii) providing an electrode facing said or each porous membrane, but spaced apart therefrom; iv) connecting said substrate to a negative terminal of an electricity generator so as to constitute a cathode, and connecting said electrode to a positive terminal of said generator so as to constitute an anode, in order to perform electrolytic deposition of said metallic material on the surface of the substrate through the pores of said membrane; v) dissolving said porous membrane so as to release a structure comprising a plurality of wires of sub-micrometric diameter made of said metallic material and projecting from the surface of said substrate; said method being characterized in that it further comprises an additional step of: vi) controlled partial dissolution of said wires to reduce the diameter thereof so as to increase the force of adhesion that acts between two said structures as a result of said wires interpenetrating and tangling together when the structures are pressed one against the other.
Water rescue system comprising a first tubular element connectable to crafts comprising a housing for a first inflatable boat and a second tubular element comprising a housing for a second inflatable boat, each tubular element (2, 4) being provided with connection means (2b, 4b) for the connection to a craft used during rescue operations, Characterized in that each of the connection means comprises a first curved portion having a radius curvature which is variable depending on the type of boat it has to be fixed and a L-shaped second portion provided with holes for connection to the craft by means of connection means to be inserted in reinforcement plates and to be blocked by a nut and a washer.
A vacuum conveyor for transporting a web of material, comprising a drive drum and a tension drum arranged between two fastening plates, a transport belt stretched between the drive drum and the tension drum, a sliding table arranged between the drive drum and the tension drum in contact with the upper inner side of the transport belt, at least two sliding flats arranged on the upper outer surface of the transport belt in the area of its side edges, vacuum means and a conveyor drive, wherein the conveyor drive constitutes a two-way drive, wherein the vacuum conveyor further comprising a mechanical cleaning system and a chemical cleaning system, characterized in that the vacuum means comprise at least one vacuum chamber arranged on the upper inner side of the transport belt underneath the sliding table, wherein a pump is connected to the vacuum chamber to create a vacuum, and longitudinal slots are formed in the sliding table along its entire width and length to provide airflow between the sliding table and the vacuum chamber.
Method for the production of a high-resistant tank consisting of an inner liner and an outer shell, said inner liner being formed as a closed metal container showing an cylindrical shape, the outer walls of said inner liner being subjected to a mechanical treatment able of implementing an axial and longitudinal pre-tensioning hardening until a pre-determined level, said method comprising the following steps: a) providing a mould having such sizes that its inner wall defines internally an cylindrical volume able of lodging said liner; b) enclosing said liner inside said mould; c) fully enclosing said mould so that said liner will be closed inside it; d) closing the access doors of said liner; e) introducing into said liner a fluid able of being pressurized; f) submitting said outer walls of said liner to said mechanical treatment by pressurizing said fluid until the walls of said liner, and particularly its whole cylindrical surface, are expanded and stretched until they meet the inner surface of said mould; said method characterized in that it comprises the following steps: g) de-pressurizing the inner volume of said liner and removing said container from the inside of said mould; h) carrying out an outer covering of said liner by one or more layers of composite material, so to form said outer shell i) implementing on said tank an auto-frettage treatment. a) providing a mould having such sizes that its inner wall defines internally an cylindrical volume able of lodging said liner; b) enclosing said liner inside said mould; c) fully enclosing said mould so that said liner will be closed inside it; d) closing the access doors of said liner; e) introducing into said liner a fluid able of being pressurized; f) submitting said outer walls of said liner to said mechanical treatment by pressurizing said fluid until the walls of said liner, and particularly its whole cylindrical surface, are expanded and stretched until they meet the inner surface of said mould; g) de-pressurizing the inner volume of said liner and removing said container from the inside of said mould; h) carrying out an outer covering of said liner by one or more layers of composite material, so to form said outer shell i) implementing on said tank an auto-frettage treatment.
A head- mounted computi ng system compri si ng: a see-through display configured to present an augmented reality image in front of an environment when viewed through the see-through display; a logic subsystem; a storage subsystem holding i nstructi ons executable by the logic subsystem to: present the augmented reality image via the see-through display; and during presentation of the augmented reality image, send a command to control an environmental control system external to the head-mounted computing system, wherein the command is configured to trigger adjustment of an environmental parameter of the environment to enhance presentati on of the augmented reality image; and characterised by a sensor subsystem including one or more biometric sensors configured to provide biometric data of a human subject wearing the head-mounted computing system, wherein the storage subsystem holds instructions executable by the logic subsystem to determine a comfort characteristic of the human subject based on the biometric data, and during presentation of the augmented reality image, send a command to control the environmental control system, wherein the command is configured to trigger adjustment of an environmental parameter of the environment to change the comfort characteristic of the human subject. a see-through display configured to present an augmented reality image in front of an environment when viewed through the see-through display; a logic subsystem; a storage subsystem holding i nstructi ons executable by the logic subsystem to: present the augmented reality image via the see-through display; and during presentation of the augmented reality image, send a command to control an environmental control system external to the head-mounted computing system, wherein the command is configured to trigger adjustment of an environmental parameter of the environment to enhance presentati on of the augmented reality image; and present the augmented reality image via the see-through display; and during presentation of the augmented reality image, send a command to control an environmental control system external to the head-mounted computing system, wherein the command is configured to trigger adjustment of an environmental parameter of the environment to enhance presentati on of the augmented reality image; and characterised by a sensor subsystem including one or more biometric sensors configured to provide biometric data of a human subject wearing the head-mounted computing system, wherein the storage subsystem holds instructions executable by the logic subsystem to determine a comfort characteristic of the human subject based on the biometric data, and during presentation of the augmented reality image, send a command to control the environmental control system, wherein the command is configured to trigger adjustment of an environmental parameter of the environment to change the comfort characteristic of the human subject.
A positive electrode current collector for a lithium ion secondary battery on which an electrode mixture layer is formed, wherein the positive electrode current collector is made of an aluminum-based metal; and when assuming that a three-dimensional center plane average roughness SRa of a surface of at least one side of the current collector on which the electrode mixture layer is formed is A and a ratio of an actual surface area of the surface of at least one side of the current collector to a geometric area of the surface of at least one side of the current collector, which is (actual surface area)/(geometric area), is B, wherein 1.2 ≤ B ≤ 4.5; A ≥ 0.10 μ ⁢ m; and 6 μm − 1 ≤ B / A ≤ 15 μm − 1; are satisfied.
A linear brushless DC motor comprising a housing (18, 20); an armature assembly, moveable relative to the housing (18,20), comprising a non-magnetic coil base and a plurality of coils connected as a three-phase winding; and a field assembly fixedly attached to the housing (18,20), including a plurality of permanent magnets each having a length, and a plurality of pole pieces each having a length; and an end pole piece disposed at each end of the field assembly, each end pole piece having a length; wherein the length of each of the plurality of pole pieces is two-thirds (2/3) the length of each of the plurality of permanent magnets, and the length of each of the end pole pieces is one half (1/2) the length of each of the plurality of pole pieces to achieve a constant force versus stroke characteristic in response to the plurality of coils receiving a sinusoidal three phase commutation; and wherein the armature assembly is configured to move relative to the field assembly and the housing (18,20) in response to the sinusoidal commutation; and wherein the housing comprises soft magnetic material; and the brushless DC motor comprises: end caps (14, 16), which include the plurality of end pole pieces, and which are positioned on the field assembly so that the field assembly, the end caps (14, 16) and the housing (18, 20) form a common magnetic circuit.