An electrode configured to provide electrical contact with a subject's skin, the electrode comprising: a plate configured to transmit electrical signals to and/or receive electrical signals from an external electrical apparatus to transfer electrical signals between the external electrical apparatus and the subject's skin; a conductive layer arranged to be disposed between the subject's skin and the plate, wherein the conductive layer is configured to spread current, the conductive layer having a first conductive surface through which electrical signals are transferred, the first conductive surface being on a side of the conductive layer that faces toward the skin of the subject if the electrode is installed on the subject, wherein the conductive layer includes a portion having a lower conductivity than the rest of the conductive layer, and wherein the portion is arranged to be disposed between the plate and the subject's skin; and a gel layer formed on the same side of the conductive layer as the first conductive surface, the gel layer being arranged to be disposed between the conductive layer and the subject's skin, the gel layer having a first interface surface configured to directly contact the subject's skin if the electrode is installed on the subject, and to conduct electrical signals between the subject's skin and the first conductive surface, the first interface surface having a surface area larger than that of the first conductive surface, wherein the conductive layer is further configured to transfer electrical signals between the gel layer and the plate, characterized in that the electrode further comprises an electrically insulating layer on which the gel layer is disposed, and in that the electrically insulating layer is provided with an opening that is configured to receive or overlap the conductive layer such that the conductive layer is electrically connected to the gel layer through the opening. a plate configured to transmit electrical signals to and/or receive electrical signals from an external electrical apparatus to transfer electrical signals between the external electrical apparatus and the subject's skin; a conductive layer arranged to be disposed between the subject's skin and the plate, wherein the conductive layer is configured to spread current, the conductive layer having a first conductive surface through which electrical signals are transferred, the first conductive surface being on a side of the conductive layer that faces toward the skin of the subject if the electrode is installed on the subject, wherein the conductive layer includes a portion having a lower conductivity than the rest of the conductive layer, and wherein the portion is arranged to be disposed between the plate and the subject's skin; and a gel layer formed on the same side of the conductive layer as the first conductive surface, the gel layer being arranged to be disposed between the conductive layer and the subject's skin, the gel layer having a first interface surface configured to directly contact the subject's skin if the electrode is installed on the subject, and to conduct electrical signals between the subject's skin and the first conductive surface, the first interface surface having a surface area larger than that of the first conductive surface, wherein the conductive layer is further configured to transfer electrical signals between the gel layer and the plate, characterized in that the electrode further comprises an electrically insulating layer on which the gel layer is disposed, and in that the electrically insulating layer is provided with an opening that is configured to receive or overlap the conductive layer such that the conductive layer is electrically connected to the gel layer through the opening.