A quick-connect type magnetic transmission device for a medical interventional instrument, comprising a driving-side housing and a driven-side housing, the driven-side housing including a driven-side outer shell and a driven-side inner shell, wherein the driving-side housing and the driven-side housing are coaxially arranged and nested and connected, and the quick-connection type magnetic transmission device comprises a magnetic coupling structure, a magnetic coupling coaxial guide mechanism and an integral coaxial guide mechanism successively from inside to outside; the magnetic coupling structure is composed of a magnetic transmission driving end, a magnetic transmission driven end and a quick-connect spacing sleeve; the magnetic coupling coaxial guide mechanism is composed of a magnetic coupling guide sleeve and a magnetic coupling guide groove; and the integral coaxial guide mechanism is composed of a coaxial guide sleeve, a coaxial guide groove and a coaxial locking structure; the magnetic transmission driven end comprises a driven rotor spacing sleeve; the coaxial guide groove is composed of an annular space between the inner wall of the driven-side outer shell and the outer wall of the driven-side inner shell; the magnetic coupling guide groove is composed of a space between the inner wall of the driven-side inner shell and the outer wall of the driven rotor spacing sleeve; the inner wall surface of the driven-side inner shell is tightly fitted with the outer wall surface of the magnetic coupling guide sleeve; and the magnetic transmission driving end is provided between the outer wall surface of the driven rotor spacing sleeve and the inner wall surface of the magnetic coupling guide sleeve; the coaxial locking structure is a key and groove provided on the driving-side housing and the driven-side housing and cooperating with each other. the driving-side housing and the driven-side housing are coaxially arranged and nested and connected, and the quick-connection type magnetic transmission device comprises a magnetic coupling structure, a magnetic coupling coaxial guide mechanism and an integral coaxial guide mechanism successively from inside to outside; the magnetic coupling structure is composed of a magnetic transmission driving end, a magnetic transmission driven end and a quick-connect spacing sleeve; the magnetic coupling coaxial guide mechanism is composed of a magnetic coupling guide sleeve and a magnetic coupling guide groove; and the integral coaxial guide mechanism is composed of a coaxial guide sleeve, a coaxial guide groove and a coaxial locking structure; the magnetic transmission driven end comprises a driven rotor spacing sleeve; the coaxial guide groove is composed of an annular space between the inner wall of the driven-side outer shell and the outer wall of the driven-side inner shell; the magnetic coupling guide groove is composed of a space between the inner wall of the driven-side inner shell and the outer wall of the driven rotor spacing sleeve; the inner wall surface of the driven-side inner shell is tightly fitted with the outer wall surface of the magnetic coupling guide sleeve; and the magnetic transmission driving end is provided between the outer wall surface of the driven rotor spacing sleeve and the inner wall surface of the magnetic coupling guide sleeve; the coaxial locking structure is a key and groove provided on the driving-side housing and the driven-side housing and cooperating with each other.