A dentition image capturing system comprising: a plurality of illumination devices configured to irradiate a tooth to be captured with light from different directions; an imaging device configured to capture first and second dentition images including the tooth under different illumination conditions of the plurality of illumination devices, wherein each of the first dentition image and the second dentition image is captured having a same predetermined exposure period; a high luminance region extraction unit configured to extract a high luminance region in which luminance exceeds a predetermined luminance threshold for each of the first and second dentition images; a high luminance region comparison unit configured to calculate a degree of similarity indicating a degree of similarity between a high luminance region of the first dentition image and a high luminance region of the second dentition image; a halation region specification unit configured to specify the high luminance region of the first dentition image as a halation region in a case where the degree of similarity is smaller than a predetermined similarity threshold; an image synthesis processing unit configured to extract a trimming region in the second dentition image corresponding to the halation region of the first dentition image and execute image synthesis processing of replacing the halation region with the trimming region; and a dentition image output unit configured to output the first dentition image subjected to image synthesis processing when the degree of similarity is smaller than the predetermined similarity threshold, and to output the first dentition image that is without being subjected to the image synthesis processing when the degree of similarity is greater than the predetermined similarity threshold. a plurality of illumination devices configured to irradiate a tooth to be captured with light from different directions; an imaging device configured to capture first and second dentition images including the tooth under different illumination conditions of the plurality of illumination devices, wherein each of the first dentition image and the second dentition image is captured having a same predetermined exposure period; a high luminance region extraction unit configured to extract a high luminance region in which luminance exceeds a predetermined luminance threshold for each of the first and second dentition images; a high luminance region comparison unit configured to calculate a degree of similarity indicating a degree of similarity between a high luminance region of the first dentition image and a high luminance region of the second dentition image; a halation region specification unit configured to specify the high luminance region of the first dentition image as a halation region in a case where the degree of similarity is smaller than a predetermined similarity threshold; an image synthesis processing unit configured to extract a trimming region in the second dentition image corresponding to the halation region of the first dentition image and execute image synthesis processing of replacing the halation region with the trimming region; and a dentition image output unit configured to output the first dentition image subjected to image synthesis processing when the degree of similarity is smaller than the predetermined similarity threshold, and to output the first dentition image that is without being subjected to the image synthesis processing when the degree of similarity is greater than the predetermined similarity threshold.