A method for training downlink beams, comprising: receiving, by a second device, a downlink reception beam training trigger notification message sent by a first device; receiving downlink reception beam training signals sent by the first device, based on the downlink reception beam training trigger notification message; and performing a downlink reception beam training based on the downlink reception beam training signals; wherein the downlink reception beam training trigger notification message comprises: time frequency positions of the downlink reception beam training signals; the performing the downlink reception beam training based on the downlink reception beam training signals comprises: performing the downlink reception beam training based on the downlink reception beam training signals in the case that the downlink reception beam training trigger notification message applies, and determining a downlink reception beam that receives downlink data sent by the first device; characterized in that an effective time point of the downlink reception beam training trigger notification message is a time point of receiving the downlink reception beam training trigger notification message plus a time interval, wherein the time interval is previously appointed by the second device and the first device or determined by the first device and notified to the second device. receiving, by a second device, a downlink reception beam training trigger notification message sent by a first device; receiving downlink reception beam training signals sent by the first device, based on the downlink reception beam training trigger notification message; and performing a downlink reception beam training based on the downlink reception beam training signals; wherein the downlink reception beam training trigger notification message comprises: time frequency positions of the downlink reception beam training signals; the performing the downlink reception beam training based on the downlink reception beam training signals comprises: performing the downlink reception beam training based on the downlink reception beam training signals in the case that the downlink reception beam training trigger notification message applies, and determining a downlink reception beam that receives downlink data sent by the first device; characterized in that an effective time point of the downlink reception beam training trigger notification message is a time point of receiving the downlink reception beam training trigger notification message plus a time interval, wherein the time interval is previously appointed by the second device and the first device or determined by the first device and notified to the second device. performing the downlink reception beam training based on the downlink reception beam training signals in the case that the downlink reception beam training trigger notification message applies, and determining a downlink reception beam that receives downlink data sent by the first device; characterized in that an effective time point of the downlink reception beam training trigger notification message is a time point of receiving the downlink reception beam training trigger notification message plus a time interval, wherein the time interval is previously appointed by the second device and the first device or determined by the first device and notified to the second device.