A service acceleration apparatus, wherein the apparatus is connected to multiple service processing units and multiple acceleration engines, and the apparatus comprises and is characterized by: a resource pool forming module, configured to: query acceleration type information and information about an idle acceleration ability that are of the multiple acceleration engines, and form an accelerator resource pool according to the acceleration type information and the information about the idle acceleration ability; a determining module, configured to: after receiving an acceleration application of a first service processing unit in the multiple service processing units, determine, according to the acceleration application, a first acceleration ability and a first acceleration type that are requested by the first service processing unit; and determine whether a first quantity is greater than a second quantity, wherein the first quantity indicates an idle acceleration ability, in the accelerator resource pool, corresponding to the first acceleration type, and the second quantity indicates the required first acceleration ability; an acceleration ability allocation module, configured to: when the first quantity is greater than the second quantity, allocate, from the accelerator resource pool according to a preset allocation granularity, a first idle acceleration ability and a connection number that are corresponding to the first acceleration ability and the first acceleration type, wherein the allocation granularity is a smallest allocation unit used for pre-allocating an idle acceleration ability in the accelerator resource pool; a connection establishment module, configured to send the connection number to the first service processing unit, so that the first service processing unit establishes a connection to the service acceleration apparatus according to the connection number; and a forwarding module, configured to: send, to at least one acceleration engine of the multiple acceleration engines that provides the idle acceleration ability, a to-be-accelerated packet that is received by using the connection, for acceleration processing; and feed back a result packet that is obtained after acceleration processing to the first service processing unit. a resource pool forming module, configured to: query acceleration type information and information about an idle acceleration ability that are of the multiple acceleration engines, and form an accelerator resource pool according to the acceleration type information and the information about the idle acceleration ability; a determining module, configured to: after receiving an acceleration application of a first service processing unit in the multiple service processing units, determine, according to the acceleration application, a first acceleration ability and a first acceleration type that are requested by the first service processing unit; and determine whether a first quantity is greater than a second quantity, wherein the first quantity indicates an idle acceleration ability, in the accelerator resource pool, corresponding to the first acceleration type, and the second quantity indicates the required first acceleration ability; an acceleration ability allocation module, configured to: when the first quantity is greater than the second quantity, allocate, from the accelerator resource pool according to a preset allocation granularity, a first idle acceleration ability and a connection number that are corresponding to the first acceleration ability and the first acceleration type, wherein the allocation granularity is a smallest allocation unit used for pre-allocating an idle acceleration ability in the accelerator resource pool; a connection establishment module, configured to send the connection number to the first service processing unit, so that the first service processing unit establishes a connection to the service acceleration apparatus according to the connection number; and a forwarding module, configured to: send, to at least one acceleration engine of the multiple acceleration engines that provides the idle acceleration ability, a to-be-accelerated packet that is received by using the connection, for acceleration processing; and feed back a result packet that is obtained after acceleration processing to the first service processing unit.