An automatic working system comprising a self-moving device, configured to move and work in a working area, wherein: the self-moving device comprises a housing, a moving module, and a control module to control the moving module to actuate the self-moving device to move; the self-moving device comprises an energy consumption device, wherein the energy consumption device comprises a device that consumes energy for actuating the self-moving device to move and work; and the self-moving device further comprises: a photoelectric conversion unit, wherein the photoelectric conversion unit receives optical energy and converts the received optical energy into electric energy; and an energy storage unit, configured to store the electric energy obtained by conversion by the photoelectric conversion unit, wherein the self-moving device is configured to operate when effective working electric energy that is received by the energy consumption device from the photoelectric conversion unit and that is converted by the photoelectric conversion unit is greater than or equal to energy consumed by the energy consumption device to actuate the self-moving device to move and work, wherein the self-moving device further comprises a positioning module, configured to output positioning information of the self-moving device, and characterized in that the control module receives positioning information at one or more locations of the self-moving device when the self-moving device moves in the working area, receives illumination intensity information at one or more locations of the self-moving device when the self-moving device moves in the working area, and generates an illumination map of the working area based on the received positioning information and illumination intensity information. the self-moving device comprises a housing, a moving module, and a control module to control the moving module to actuate the self-moving device to move; the self-moving device comprises an energy consumption device, wherein the energy consumption device comprises a device that consumes energy for actuating the self-moving device to move and work; and the self-moving device further comprises: a photoelectric conversion unit, wherein the photoelectric conversion unit receives optical energy and converts the received optical energy into electric energy; and an energy storage unit, configured to store the electric energy obtained by conversion by the photoelectric conversion unit, a photoelectric conversion unit, wherein the photoelectric conversion unit receives optical energy and converts the received optical energy into electric energy; and an energy storage unit, configured to store the electric energy obtained by conversion by the photoelectric conversion unit, wherein the self-moving device is configured to operate when effective working electric energy that is received by the energy consumption device from the photoelectric conversion unit and that is converted by the photoelectric conversion unit is greater than or equal to energy consumed by the energy consumption device to actuate the self-moving device to move and work, wherein the self-moving device further comprises a positioning module, configured to output positioning information of the self-moving device, and characterized in that the control module receives positioning information at one or more locations of the self-moving device when the self-moving device moves in the working area, receives illumination intensity information at one or more locations of the self-moving device when the self-moving device moves in the working area, and generates an illumination map of the working area based on the received positioning information and illumination intensity information.