A control installation for traffic on a railway network, the control installation comprising an automatic train supervision system, called ATS system, on the ground, centrally, and a plurality of interlocking systems, called IXL systems, distributed along the railway network, the IXL systems managing the interlocking state of a plurality of track equipment items by applying Boolean-type electrical signals to a corresponding relay for actuating said track equipment items, so as to allow a first vehicle to move according to a first principle of the "block-to-block" type, wherein, to allow a second vehicle to move according to a second principle of the residual distance type, said second vehicle being equipped with an onboard automatic train control system, called onboard ATC system, constituting the onboard part of an automatic train control installation of the "communication-based train control" type, called CBTC, the control installation comprises, associated with each IXL system, an interface system capable of emulating an environment enabling the onboard ATC system to control the movement of the second vehicle according to the "distance to go" principle while it is travelling on a railway infrastructure where traffic control is in place according to the "block-to-block" principle, the interface system comprising only: - positioning beacons installed along the tracks of the railway network, each positioning beacon being able to supply a positioning signal to the second vehicle when the second vehicle passes near said positioning beacon, the onboard ATC system estimating a current position of the second vehicle on the tracks from the last received positioning signal, - a communication network, - a radio encoder inputting a plurality of signals from current interlocking and interlocking status signals generated at the output of the associated IXL system and the corresponding relay, and generating a message in a format suitable for being transmitted along the communication network, and - a set of base stations distributed along the tracks, each base station being connected to the communication network and being able to establish a temporary radiocommunication link with the onboard ATC system, and to transmit the message generated by the radio encoder to the onboard ATC system, the radio encoder being configured to emulate an environment enabling the onboard ATC system of the second vehicle to control the movement of the second vehicle according to the second principle from said message received from the radio encoder and data contained in a database of the onboard ATC system of the second vehicle, while said second vehicle is traveling on a railway infrastructure implementing traffic control according to the first principle. - positioning beacons installed along the tracks of the railway network, each positioning beacon being able to supply a positioning signal to the second vehicle when the second vehicle passes near said positioning beacon, the onboard ATC system estimating a current position of the second vehicle on the tracks from the last received positioning signal, - a communication network, - a radio encoder inputting a plurality of signals from current interlocking and interlocking status signals generated at the output of the associated IXL system and the corresponding relay, and generating a message in a format suitable for being transmitted along the communication network, and - a set of base stations distributed along the tracks, each base station being connected to the communication network and being able to establish a temporary radiocommunication link with the onboard ATC system, and to transmit the message generated by the radio encoder to the onboard ATC system,