A signal transmission method performed by a first device, comprising: receiving reference signal configuration information sent by a second device, wherein the reference signal configuration information comprises reference signal resource location information and/or a reference signal sequence parameter, the reference signal resource location information is used to indicate a time domain resource and/or a frequency domain resource for transmitting a reference signal, the reference signal sequence parameter comprises all or some parameters required for generating a reference signal sequence, and the reference signal is used to detect channel quality; and receiving a reference signal sent by first user equipment (60, 70) corresponding to the reference signal configuration information, wherein after the receiving reference signal configuration information sent by a second device, the method further comprises: sending first control information to second user equipment (60, 70) for which a physical uplink shared channel PUSCH is configured on the reference signal resource location information, wherein the first control information comprises first indication information, and the first indication information is used to indicate the reference signal resource location information in the reference signal configuration information, or the first indication information is used to indicate that the reference signal resource location information is not used to transmit the PUSCH of the second user equipment (60, 70), wherein the reference signal resource location information is not used to transmit the PUSCH of the second user equipment (60, 70) includes: puncturing the PUSCH of the second user equipment (60, 70) at a resource location indicated by the reference signal resource location information, or performing rate matching on the PUSCH of the second user equipment (60, 70) on a resource other than a resource location indicated by the reference signal resource location information. receiving reference signal configuration information sent by a second device, wherein the reference signal configuration information comprises reference signal resource location information and/or a reference signal sequence parameter, the reference signal resource location information is used to indicate a time domain resource and/or a frequency domain resource for transmitting a reference signal, the reference signal sequence parameter comprises all or some parameters required for generating a reference signal sequence, and the reference signal is used to detect channel quality; and receiving a reference signal sent by first user equipment (60, 70) corresponding to the reference signal configuration information, wherein after the receiving reference signal configuration information sent by a second device, the method further comprises: sending first control information to second user equipment (60, 70) for which a physical uplink shared channel PUSCH is configured on the reference signal resource location information, wherein the first control information comprises first indication information, and the first indication information is used to indicate the reference signal resource location information in the reference signal configuration information, or the first indication information is used to indicate that the reference signal resource location information is not used to transmit the PUSCH of the second user equipment (60, 70), wherein the reference signal resource location information is not used to transmit the PUSCH of the second user equipment (60, 70) includes: puncturing the PUSCH of the second user equipment (60, 70) at a resource location indicated by the reference signal resource location information, or performing rate matching on the PUSCH of the second user equipment (60, 70) on a resource other than a resource location indicated by the reference signal resource location information. sending first control information to second user equipment (60, 70) for which a physical uplink shared channel PUSCH is configured on the reference signal resource location information, wherein the first control information comprises first indication information, and the first indication information is used to indicate the reference signal resource location information in the reference signal configuration information, or the first indication information is used to indicate that the reference signal resource location information is not used to transmit the PUSCH of the second user equipment (60, 70), wherein the reference signal resource location information is not used to transmit the PUSCH of the second user equipment (60, 70) includes: puncturing the PUSCH of the second user equipment (60, 70) at a resource location indicated by the reference signal resource location information, or performing rate matching on the PUSCH of the second user equipment (60, 70) on a resource other than a resource location indicated by the reference signal resource location information.