A photovoltaic direct-current breaking apparatus, comprising: a first positive connection terminal, a first negative connection terminal, a second positive connection terminal, a second negative connection terminal, a first switch, a first diode, a convector circuit, and an energy absorption circuit; wherein the first positive connection terminal and the first negative connection terminal are configured to connect an output terminal of a first photovoltaic string, and the second positive connection terminal and the second negative connection terminal are configured to connect a photovoltaic energy converter; the first switch, the convector circuit, and the energy absorption circuit are connected in parallel, and are connected between the first negative connection terminal and the second negative connection terminal, a cathode of the first diode is connected between the first positive connection terminal and the second positive connection terminal. and an anode of the first diode is connected between the second negative connection terminal and a parallel circuit of the first switch, the convector circuit, and the energy absorption circuit or the first switch, the convector circuit, and the energy absorption circuit are connected in parallel between the first positive connection terminal and the second positive connection terminal, a cathode of the first diode is connected between the second positive connection terminal and a parallel circuit of the first switch, the convector circuit, and the energy absorption circuit, and an anode of the first diode is connected between the first negative connection terminal and the second negative connection terminal: the convector circuit comprises a first fully-controlled semiconductor device, a second fully-controlled semiconductor device, a second diode, and a third diode, wherein a cathode of the second diode is connected to an input terminal of the first fully-controlled semiconductor device, an anode of the second diode is connected to an output terminal of the first fully-controlled semiconductor device and an output terminal of the second fully-controlled semiconductor device, an anode of the third diode is connected to the output terminal of the second fully-controlled semiconductor device, and a cathode of the third diode is connected to an input terminal of the second fully-controlled semiconductor device; and the energy absorption circuit comprises a gas discharge tube, a steady-state balance resistor, and a varistor, where the gas discharge tube is connected in parallel to the steady-state balance resistor, and then connected in series to the varistor. a first positive connection terminal, a first negative connection terminal, a second positive connection terminal, a second negative connection terminal, a first switch, a first diode, a convector circuit, and an energy absorption circuit; wherein the first positive connection terminal and the first negative connection terminal are configured to connect an output terminal of a first photovoltaic string, and the second positive connection terminal and the second negative connection terminal are configured to connect a photovoltaic energy converter; the first switch, the convector circuit, and the energy absorption circuit are connected in parallel, and are connected between the first negative connection terminal and the second negative connection terminal, a cathode of the first diode is connected between the first positive connection terminal and the second positive connection terminal. and an anode of the first diode is connected between the second negative connection terminal and a parallel circuit of the first switch, the convector circuit, and the energy absorption circuit or the first switch, the convector circuit, and the energy absorption circuit are connected in parallel between the first positive connection terminal and the second positive connection terminal, a cathode of the first diode is connected between the second positive connection terminal and a parallel circuit of the first switch, the convector circuit, and the energy absorption circuit, and an anode of the first diode is connected between the first negative connection terminal and the second negative connection terminal: the convector circuit comprises a first fully-controlled semiconductor device, a second fully-controlled semiconductor device, a second diode, and a third diode, wherein a cathode of the second diode is connected to an input terminal of the first fully-controlled semiconductor device, an anode of the second diode is connected to an output terminal of the first fully-controlled semiconductor device and an output terminal of the second fully-controlled semiconductor device, an anode of the third diode is connected to the output terminal of the second fully-controlled semiconductor device, and a cathode of the third diode is connected to an input terminal of the second fully-controlled semiconductor device; and the energy absorption circuit comprises a gas discharge tube, a steady-state balance resistor, and a varistor, where the gas discharge tube is connected in parallel to the steady-state balance resistor, and then connected in series to the varistor.