A polarization device used for a microwave outdoor transmission system, wherein the microwave outdoor transmission system comprises an antenna and an outdoor active device, and the polarization device comprises: a first polarization component, wherein the first polarization component is fixed, in a removable manner, onto the outdoor active device, so that a waveguide of the first polarization component keeps staying in a same direction with a waveguide of the outdoor active device; and a second polarization component, wherein the second polarization component is fixed, in a removable manner, onto the first polarization component, so as to allow an included angle between a waveguide of the second polarization component and the waveguide of the first polarization component to be adjusted through rotation of the second polarization component in relation to the first polarization component; wherein, the polarization device is configured for horizontal polarization when an azimuth of a waveguide of the antenna is 0 degrees and an azimuth of the waveguide of the first polarization component is 45 degrees, wherein an included angle between the waveguide of the antenna and the waveguide of the first polarization component is 45 degrees, and an azimuth of the waveguide of the outdoor active device is 45 degrees, wherein an included angle between the waveguide of the antenna and the waveguide of the outdoor active device of 45 degrees, and an azimuth of the waveguide of the second polarization component is 22.5 degrees, wherein an included angle between the waveguide of the second polarization component and the waveguide of the first polarization component is 22.5 degrees; and wherein, the polarization device is configured for vertical polarization when the azimuth of the waveguide of the antenna is 90 degrees and the azimuth of the waveguide of the first polarization component is 45 degrees, wherein an included angle between the waveguide of the first polarization component and the waveguide of the antenna is 45 degrees, and the azimuth of the waveguide of the outdoor active device is 45 degrees, wherein an included angle between the waveguide of the outdoor active device and the waveguide of antenna of 45 degrees, and the azimuth of the waveguide of the second polarization component is 67.5 degrees, wherein an included angle between the waveguide of the second polarization component and the waveguide of the first polarization component is 22.5 degrees. a first polarization component, wherein the first polarization component is fixed, in a removable manner, onto the outdoor active device, so that a waveguide of the first polarization component keeps staying in a same direction with a waveguide of the outdoor active device; and a second polarization component, wherein the second polarization component is fixed, in a removable manner, onto the first polarization component, so as to allow an included angle between a waveguide of the second polarization component and the waveguide of the first polarization component to be adjusted through rotation of the second polarization component in relation to the first polarization component; wherein, the polarization device is configured for horizontal polarization when an azimuth of a waveguide of the antenna is 0 degrees and an azimuth of the waveguide of the first polarization component is 45 degrees, wherein an included angle between the waveguide of the antenna and the waveguide of the first polarization component is 45 degrees, and an azimuth of the waveguide of the outdoor active device is 45 degrees, wherein an included angle between the waveguide of the antenna and the waveguide of the outdoor active device of 45 degrees, and an azimuth of the waveguide of the second polarization component is 22.5 degrees, wherein an included angle between the waveguide of the second polarization component and the waveguide of the first polarization component is 22.5 degrees; and wherein, the polarization device is configured for vertical polarization when the azimuth of the waveguide of the antenna is 90 degrees and the azimuth of the waveguide of the first polarization component is 45 degrees, wherein an included angle between the waveguide of the first polarization component and the waveguide of the antenna is 45 degrees, and the azimuth of the waveguide of the outdoor active device is 45 degrees, wherein an included angle between the waveguide of the outdoor active device and the waveguide of antenna of 45 degrees, and the azimuth of the waveguide of the second polarization component is 67.5 degrees, wherein an included angle between the waveguide of the second polarization component and the waveguide of the first polarization component is 22.5 degrees.