A non-destructive testing system comprising: a test article interface comprising: a first electrical connector configured to couple to a metal component of an article under test; and a second electrical connector configured to couple to a carbon fiber composite component of the article under test; a reference article interface comprising: a third electrical connector configured to couple to a metal component of a reference article; and a fourth electrical connector configured to couple to a carbon fiber composite component of the reference article; at least one sensor electrically connected to the test article interface and electrically connected to the reference article interface and configured to sense a thermoelectrically induced voltage and a thermoelectrically induced current between the article under test and the reference article, said at least one sensor being configured to generate at least one signal, the at least one signal based on the thermoelectrically induced voltage between the test article interface and the reference article interface and based on the thermoelectrically induced current between the test article interface and the reference article interface; a temperature control system configured to control the temperature difference between the article under test and the reference article; and a processor configured to generate, based on the at least one signal from the at least one sensor, an output indicating whether the article under test is expected to pass a lightning strike test. a test article interface comprising: a first electrical connector configured to couple to a metal component of an article under test; and a second electrical connector configured to couple to a carbon fiber composite component of the article under test; a first electrical connector configured to couple to a metal component of an article under test; and a second electrical connector configured to couple to a carbon fiber composite component of the article under test; a reference article interface comprising: a third electrical connector configured to couple to a metal component of a reference article; and a fourth electrical connector configured to couple to a carbon fiber composite component of the reference article; a third electrical connector configured to couple to a metal component of a reference article; and a fourth electrical connector configured to couple to a carbon fiber composite component of the reference article; at least one sensor electrically connected to the test article interface and electrically connected to the reference article interface and configured to sense a thermoelectrically induced voltage and a thermoelectrically induced current between the article under test and the reference article, said at least one sensor being configured to generate at least one signal, the at least one signal based on the thermoelectrically induced voltage between the test article interface and the reference article interface and based on the thermoelectrically induced current between the test article interface and the reference article interface; a temperature control system configured to control the temperature difference between the article under test and the reference article; and a processor configured to generate, based on the at least one signal from the at least one sensor, an output indicating whether the article under test is expected to pass a lightning strike test.