A method for determining channel loss, comprising: receiving first information that is from a first user equipment, UE, and corresponds to a rank of a channel loss extent of the first UE, wherein the first information is a random access preamble, and the receiving first information that is from the first UE and corresponds to the rank of a channel loss extent of the first UE comprises: receiving the first information according to correspondence between the rank of the channel loss extent and a transmission type of the first information, and the transmission type of the first information comprises a first repeating factor of the random access preamble in an enhanced random access opportunity, and the enhanced random access opportunity embodies a time and/or frequency resource location of the repeated random access preamble, wherein the channel loss comprises reference signal received power; and determining the rank of the channel loss extent of the first UE according to the first information; sending third information according to a transmission type of the third information, wherein: the third information is one of the following: a physical downlink control channel, a random access response message, a contention resolution message, a unicast physical downlink shared channel; or receiving third information according to a transmission type of the third information, wherein: the third information is one of the following: a physical uplink shared channel, a physical uplink control channel; wherein the transmission type of the third information corresponds to the determined rank of the channel loss extent of the first UE, the transmission type of the third information comprises a second repeating factor of the third information that is sent or received in a transmission opportunity of the third information, and the transmission opportunity of the third information embodies a location of a time and/or frequency resource for sending or receiving the third information. receiving first information that is from a first user equipment, UE, and corresponds to a rank of a channel loss extent of the first UE, wherein the first information is a random access preamble, and the receiving first information that is from the first UE and corresponds to the rank of a channel loss extent of the first UE comprises: receiving the first information according to correspondence between the rank of the channel loss extent and a transmission type of the first information, and the transmission type of the first information comprises a first repeating factor of the random access preamble in an enhanced random access opportunity, and the enhanced random access opportunity embodies a time and/or frequency resource location of the repeated random access preamble, wherein the channel loss comprises reference signal received power; and determining the rank of the channel loss extent of the first UE according to the first information; sending third information according to a transmission type of the third information, wherein: the third information is one of the following: a physical downlink control channel, a random access response message, a contention resolution message, a unicast physical downlink shared channel; or receiving third information according to a transmission type of the third information, wherein: the third information is one of the following: a physical uplink shared channel, a physical uplink control channel; wherein the transmission type of the third information corresponds to the determined rank of the channel loss extent of the first UE, the transmission type of the third information comprises a second repeating factor of the third information that is sent or received in a transmission opportunity of the third information, and the transmission opportunity of the third information embodies a location of a time and/or frequency resource for sending or receiving the third information.