An X-ray tube comprising: a containment element comprising an X-ray emission section; a cathode mounted in the containment element; an anode mounted in the containment element, distanced from the cathode and made of material able to emit X-rays if struck by electrons which have a predetermined kinetic energy, the anode comprising a first main face which is substantially facing towards the cathode and a second main face which is facing the opposite way to the first face; cooling means applied to the second main face of the anode; and filter means for filtering, based on respective wavelengths, the X-rays emitted by the anode; the X-ray emission section being positioned in such a way that, in practice, it receives the X-rays emitted by the second main face of the anode after they have passed through the filter means; the filter means consisting of the cooling means and both the cooling means and the filter means consisting of a heat conductor element which is thermally coupled with the second face of the anode and which is equipped with a plurality of inner micro-channels in which, in practice, a pressurised coolant liquid can flow with a turbulent motion; the X-ray tube being characterised in that the heat conductor element comprises a plurality of flat plates packed one on top of another to form a lamellar pack extending mainly flat, each inner plate of the lamellar pack comprising a plurality of through-holes distributed over its surface, the holes of each plate being only partly aligned with the holes of the immediately adjacent plates, the set of holes of the various plates forming said plurality of micro-channels. a containment element comprising an X-ray emission section; a cathode mounted in the containment element; an anode mounted in the containment element, distanced from the cathode and made of material able to emit X-rays if struck by electrons which have a predetermined kinetic energy, the anode comprising a first main face which is substantially facing towards the cathode and a second main face which is facing the opposite way to the first face; cooling means applied to the second main face of the anode; and filter means for filtering, based on respective wavelengths, the X-rays emitted by the anode; the X-ray emission section being positioned in such a way that, in practice, it receives the X-rays emitted by the second main face of the anode after they have passed through the filter means; the filter means consisting of the cooling means and both the cooling means and the filter means consisting of a heat conductor element which is thermally coupled with the second face of the anode and which is equipped with a plurality of inner micro-channels in which, in practice, a pressurised coolant liquid can flow with a turbulent motion; the X-ray tube being characterised in that the heat conductor element comprises a plurality of flat plates packed one on top of another to form a lamellar pack extending mainly flat, each inner plate of the lamellar pack comprising a plurality of through-holes distributed over its surface, the holes of each plate being only partly aligned with the holes of the immediately adjacent plates, the set of holes of the various plates forming said plurality of micro-channels.