A valve assembly comprising; a valve body defining an inlet and an outlet; an inlet flange disposed at a first end portion of the valve body at or adjacent the inlet; an outlet flange disposed at a second end portion of the valve body at or adjacent the outlet; a valve seat coupled to the valve body; a valve closure member coupled to the valve body, the valve closure member displaceable relative to the valve body between a first closed position and a second fully-open position, wherein in the first closed position, a sealing portion of the valve closure member sealingly engages a sealing portion of the valve seat to prevent flow of a fluid from the inlet of the valve body to the outlet of the valve body, and in the second fully-open position, the sealing portion of the valve closure member is offset from the sealing portion of the valve seat to permit flow of the fluid from the inlet of the valve body to the outlet of the valve body; an anti-cavitation element, wherein the anti-cavitation element includes an imperforate circumferential wall and a plurality of hollow tubes bounded by the imperforate circumferential wall, the plurality of hollow tubes including: a first tube extending along a first flow axis from an open first end to an open second end, the first tube having an inner surface that defines a first flow area, the inner surface of the first tube having a first cross-sectional shape normal to the first flow axis; a second tube extending along a second flow axis from an open first end to an open second end, the second tube having an inner surface that defines a second flow area, the inner surface of the second tube having a second cross-sectional shape normal to the second flow axis; and a third tube extending along a third flow axis from an open first end to an open second end, the third tube having an inner surface that defines a third flow area, the inner surface of the third tube having a third cross-sectional shape normal to the third flow axis, wherein the second end of the first tube is between a portion of the valve closure member and the first end of the first tube along the first flow axis when the valve closure member is in the first closed position, the second end of the second tube is between a portion of the valve closure member and the first end of second tube along the second flow axis when the valve closure member is in the first closed position, and the second end of the third tube is between a portion of the valve closure member and the first end of the third tube along the third flow axis when the valve closure member is in the first closed position, wherein the first tube, the second tube, and the third tube are integrally formed as a single, unitary structure; wherein the first end of the first tube, the first end of the second tube, and the first end of the third tube are aligned along a reference plane extending normal to the first flow axis; wherein the anti-cavitation element further includes an annular flange disposed around the plurality of hollow tubes, the valve assembly being characterised in that the annular flange is configured to be seated against the inlet flange or the outlet flange to secure the anti-cavitation element to the valve body; and wherein the reference plane is disposed at or intersects a portion of the annular flange. a first tube extending along a first flow axis from an open first end to an open second end, the first tube having an inner surface that defines a first flow area, the inner surface of the first tube having a first cross-sectional shape normal to the first flow axis; a second tube extending along a second flow axis from an open first end to an open second end, the second tube having an inner surface that defines a second flow area, the inner surface of the second tube having a second cross-sectional shape normal to the second flow axis; and a third tube extending along a third flow axis from an open first end to an open second end, the third tube having an inner surface that defines a third flow area, the inner surface of the third tube having a third cross-sectional shape normal to the third flow axis, wherein the second end of the first tube is between a portion of the valve closure member and the first end of the first tube along the first flow axis when the valve closure member is in the first closed position, the second end of the second tube is between a portion of the valve closure member and the first end of second tube along the second flow axis when the valve closure member is in the first closed position, and the second end of the third tube is between a portion of the valve closure member and the first end of the third tube along the third flow axis when the valve closure member is in the first closed position, wherein the first tube, the second tube, and the third tube are integrally formed as a single, unitary structure; wherein the first end of the first tube, the first end of the second tube, and the first end of the third tube are aligned along a reference plane extending normal to the first flow axis; wherein the anti-cavitation element further includes an annular flange disposed around the plurality of hollow tubes, the valve assembly being characterised in that the annular flange is configured to be seated against the inlet flange or the outlet flange to secure the anti-cavitation element to the valve body; and wherein the reference plane is disposed at or intersects a portion of the annular flange.