mhurhangee/ep-ind-claims huggingface dataset:
A method for determining the size of a particle present in a sample volume comprising the steps of - directing a coherent light beam, in particular an essentially monochromatic light beam, along an optical axis towards the particle to be measured and making to impinge this beam upon the particle; - collecting light that is scattered backward by the particle within an angle (α) of 1° to 15° with respect to the optical axis by means of a first lens aligned on said optical axis; - determining the light intensity distribution pattern of an out-of-focus image of said particle by means of a detector; - obtaining angular frequencies of said pattern by performing a Fourier transform of said pattern; - selecting the maximum angular frequency (Fmax) where said Fourier transform presents a peak; - calculating the size of the particle from said maximum angular frequency (Fmax), characterized in that the first lens is aligned on said optical axis such that said out-of-focus image is formed in a focal plane of this first lens; and in that the method comprises setting a length of the sample volume along said optical axis by providing a pinhole with an aperture on said optical axis between said focal plane and said detector, said pinhole defining the length of the sample volume and being positioned on the position of an image of a center of said sample volume formed by said first lens. - directing a coherent light beam, in particular an essentially monochromatic light beam, along an optical axis towards the particle to be measured and making to impinge this beam upon the particle; - collecting light that is scattered backward by the particle within an angle (α) of 1° to 15° with respect to the optical axis by means of a first lens aligned on said optical axis; - determining the light intensity distribution pattern of an out-of-focus image of said particle by means of a detector; - obtaining angular frequencies of said pattern by performing a Fourier transform of said pattern; - selecting the maximum angular frequency (Fmax) where said Fourier transform presents a peak; - calculating the size of the particle from said maximum angular frequency (Fmax),
A microelectromechanical gyroscope structure comprising a substantially planar seismic mass (100, 102); and a primary spring structure (104, 112) suspending the seismic mass to a body element with a suspension structure (108, 110), the primary spring structure allowing a primary, drive mode oscillation motion where at least part of the seismic mass rotary oscillates in a first direction about a primary axis that is aligned with a plane of the seismic mass and a secondary, sense mode oscillation where at least part of the seismic mass moves in a second direction about a second axis (208, 212) perpendicular to the primary axis, wherein the primary spring structure (104, 112) has two ends attached to the seismic mass on opposite sides of the suspension structure (108, 110) and said primary spring structure is configured for torsional motion about the primary axis (120, 220) that is common with the primary oscillation motion, characterized in that a quadrature error of the seismic mass is mechanically compensated with at least one compensation groove (350, 405, 505) on the face of the seismic mass, which face is away from the body element, wherein the at least one compensation groove is positioned at a predefined distance from either end of the primary spring structure.
A motor controller coupled to an electric motor and configured to: apply a first amount of current to windings of the electric motor; determine whether the electric motor is operating in a reverse rotation direction opposite a desired direction of rotation; apply a brake to the electric motor when the electric motor is operating in the reverse rotation direction; and apply the first amount of current to the windings; characterized by further being configured to wait at least one of a predetermined time period and a predetermined number of forward rotation attempts after applying the first amount of current to the windings; and apply a second amount of current to the windings, wherein the second amount of current is larger than the first amount. apply a first amount of current to windings of the electric motor; determine whether the electric motor is operating in a reverse rotation direction opposite a desired direction of rotation; apply a brake to the electric motor when the electric motor is operating in the reverse rotation direction; and apply the first amount of current to the windings; characterized by further being configured to wait at least one of a predetermined time period and a predetermined number of forward rotation attempts after applying the first amount of current to the windings; and apply a second amount of current to the windings, wherein the second amount of current is larger than the first amount.
Solar cell receiver comprising - a semiconductor body, having a front side with a solar cell formed on the front side and a rear side and several side surfaces and two electrical connections, - a carrier for mounting the semiconductor body, wherein the rear side of the semiconductor body is fixed to the carrier, and - an optical element for focussing light onto the front side of the semiconductor body, wherein the optical element is of integral construction, characterised in that - the entire carrier has a flat surface, - the optical element has a lower side which partly faces the upper side of the semiconductor body, - the optical element has at the lower side a first shaped portion with a first surface resting on the front side of the semiconductor body and the optical element has a second surface resting on the flat carrier and the first shaped portion is formed as a cavity or as a fold, - the semiconductor body is arranged on the flat surface of the carrier, wherein the cavity or the fold is larger than the semiconductor body and the space between the cavity of the optical element and the side surfaces of the semiconductor body and the surface of the carrier is filled with a sealing compound, and - the optical element consist of a quartz glass composite and is formed to be lens-shaped or to have the shape of a frustum of a pyramid. - a semiconductor body, having a front side with a solar cell formed on the front side and a rear side and several side surfaces and two electrical connections, - a carrier for mounting the semiconductor body, wherein the rear side of the semiconductor body is fixed to the carrier, and - an optical element for focussing light onto the front side of the semiconductor body, wherein the optical element is of integral construction, characterised in that - the entire carrier has a flat surface, - the optical element has a lower side which partly faces the upper side of the semiconductor body, - the optical element has at the lower side a first shaped portion with a first surface resting on the front side of the semiconductor body and the optical element has a second surface resting on the flat carrier and the first shaped portion is formed as a cavity or as a fold, - the semiconductor body is arranged on the flat surface of the carrier, wherein the cavity or the fold is larger than the semiconductor body and the space between the cavity of the optical element and the side surfaces of the semiconductor body and the surface of the carrier is filled with a sealing compound, and - the optical element consist of a quartz glass composite and is formed to be lens-shaped or to have the shape of a frustum of a pyramid.
A current transducer (10, 20, 30) comprising at least one conductive coil (12, 22, 40) shaped to define a plurality of turns (14, 24, 36, 48, 49, 50, 51) and shaped to form a loop, said loop having at least one corner section (32, 42, 43, 44) comprising a plurality of non-parallel turns, characterised in that for each turn there is a substantially constant ratio between respective portions of the area defined by the respective turn and a respective effective turns pitch at a corresponding point of a respective line of integration normal to the respective portion of said turn, wherein said at least one corner section comprises at least one notional band (33, 52) running parallel with a respective notional line (35, 53) around said loop and substantially normal to each of the respective portions of said turns that it intersects, and wherein said turns are shaped and dimensioned such that the ratio of the transverse area of the intersection between a respective turn and said at least one notional band to a respective effective pitch between said turn and an adjacent turn taken as an average across the width of said notional band at said intersection is substantially constant.
A method of fabricating a leading edge sheath assembly for a blade, comprising: additively manufacturing a core to be solid in a first central portion of the core, perforated in a second outer portion of the core, and micro-latticed in a third intermediate portion of the core, wherein the third intermediate portion is between the first central portion and the second outer portion; securing the core to a mandrel; electroforming a leading edge sheath directly onto the core and the mandrel; and removing the mandrel from the core and the leading edge sheath. additively manufacturing a core to be solid in a first central portion of the core, perforated in a second outer portion of the core, and micro-latticed in a third intermediate portion of the core, wherein the third intermediate portion is between the first central portion and the second outer portion; securing the core to a mandrel; electroforming a leading edge sheath directly onto the core and the mandrel; and removing the mandrel from the core and the leading edge sheath.
A zero-cross circuit with low phase delay, the circuit comprising: a comparator comprising: an inverting input operable to receive a reference signal, wherein the inverting input is coupled to a source providing the reference signal; a non-inverting input operable to receive an alternating current signal, wherein the non-inverting input is coupled to a second source providing the AC signal; and a feedback loop operable to couple an output of the circuit to the non-inverting input of the comparator, wherein the comparator is operable to receive the output via the feedback loop; wherein the feedback loop comprises_a capacitor in series with a resistor, wherein a combination of the capacitor in series with the resistor is in parallel with a resistor. a comparator comprising: an inverting input operable to receive a reference signal, wherein the inverting input is coupled to a source providing the reference signal; a non-inverting input operable to receive an alternating current signal, wherein the non-inverting input is coupled to a second source providing the AC signal; and an inverting input operable to receive a reference signal, wherein the inverting input is coupled to a source providing the reference signal; a non-inverting input operable to receive an alternating current signal, wherein the non-inverting input is coupled to a second source providing the AC signal; and a feedback loop operable to couple an output of the circuit to the non-inverting input of the comparator, wherein the comparator is operable to receive the output via the feedback loop; wherein the feedback loop comprises_a capacitor in series with a resistor, wherein a combination of the capacitor in series with the resistor is in parallel with a resistor.
Rotor blade control device for a helicopter, comprising a swashplate, the swashplate comprising a non-rotating part of the swashplate, a rotating part of the swashplate, at least three actuators arranged about a rotor shaft axis of the helicopter, a coupling member between the actuator and the non-rotating part of the swashplate, wherein the actuators are securely connected to a positionally fixed component that is arranged fixed with respect to the helicopter, wherein the actuator has a control shaft that can be rotated thereby about a control axis, and wherein the coupling member comprises at least one lever which is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the control shaft, and wherein the coupling member is coupled to the non-rotating part of the swashplate at a swashplate coupling point, such that, as a consequence of the rotation of the control shaft, the swashplate coupling point is displaced by means of the coupling member at least along the rotor shaft axis, wherein the control shafts of the respective actuators can be rotated, independently of one another, by a determined displacement angle depending on the desired tilting or displacement of the non-rotating part of the swashplate, such that, for every displacement angle of the control shafts, the associated swashplate coupling point adopts an exactly defined point in space, wherein the coupling member has, in addition to the lever, a displacement member which is connected at a first end to the lever so as to be able to pivot, in a hinge, about a pivot axis, and is coupled at a second end, in the swashplate coupling point, to the non-rotating part of the swashplate, in a ball joint, such that in the swashplate coupling point the non-rotating part of the swashplate and the displacement member can be inclined in any direction relative to one another, characterized in that the coupling member has a further lever, wherein the two levers (16, 17) are respectively connected at a first and a second end of the control shaft so as to be fixed in rotation therewith and, with the displacement member, form the hinge, and wherein the pivot axis is arranged parallel to the control axis.
A method for removal and recovery of phosphorus, comprising a) a precipitation step for precipitating phosphorus from a liquid stream comprising at most 30 mg of phosphorus per litre and at most 50 mg of suspended solids per litre, using a precipitation agent selected from a group consisting of aluminium sulphate Al 2 (SO 4) 3, ferric sulphate Fe 2 (SO 4) 3 and aluminium chloride AlCl 3, to form a precipitate, b) a first separation step for separating the precipitate from the liquid stream, c) a dissolution step for dissolving the precipitate in phosphoric acid to obtain a first solution, comprising dihydrogen phosphate and ions, the nature of the ions depending on the nature of the precipitation agent and d) a second separation step for separating the phosphoric acid and the precipitation agent ions, wherein the second separation step is carried out by an ion exchange process. a) a precipitation step for precipitating phosphorus from a liquid stream comprising at most 30 mg of phosphorus per litre and at most 50 mg of suspended solids per litre, using a precipitation agent selected from a group consisting of aluminium sulphate Al 2 (SO 4) 3, ferric sulphate Fe 2 (SO 4) 3 and aluminium chloride AlCl 3, to form a precipitate, b) a first separation step for separating the precipitate from the liquid stream, c) a dissolution step for dissolving the precipitate in phosphoric acid to obtain a first solution, comprising dihydrogen phosphate and ions, the nature of the ions depending on the nature of the precipitation agent and d) a second separation step for separating the phosphoric acid and the precipitation agent ions, wherein the second separation step is carried out by an ion exchange process.
An orthopedic prosthesis, comprising: a shoulder prosthesis including a stem portion extending along a longitudinal axis, a head portion, and a body portion extending between said stem portion and said head portion; wherein the shoulder prosthesis includes a plurality of suture anchor attachment locations (30, 30a, 30b, 30c, 30d, 30e), each of said suture anchor attachment locations comprising a first engagement element (36, 136, 236, 336); and a plurality of suture anchors, each of said suture anchors including one or more sutures extending from an anchor portion, said anchor portion comprising a second engagement element (46, 146, 246, 346) engaged with said first engagement element of a select one of said suture anchor attachment locations to selectively attach a corresponding one of said suture anchors to said shoulder prosthesis; characterised in that the body portion includes a fin projecting laterally therefrom and defining a pair of arcuate recesses (78a, 78b) on either side of the fin, wherein the arcuate recesses are adapted to abut a greater tuberosity fragment and a lesser tuberosity fragment. a shoulder prosthesis including a stem portion extending along a longitudinal axis, a head portion, and a body portion extending between said stem portion and said head portion; wherein the shoulder prosthesis includes a plurality of suture anchor attachment locations (30, 30a, 30b, 30c, 30d, 30e), each of said suture anchor attachment locations comprising a first engagement element (36, 136, 236, 336); and a plurality of suture anchors, each of said suture anchors including one or more sutures extending from an anchor portion, said anchor portion comprising a second engagement element (46, 146, 246, 346) engaged with said first engagement element of a select one of said suture anchor attachment locations to selectively attach a corresponding one of said suture anchors to said shoulder prosthesis; characterised in that the body portion includes a fin projecting laterally therefrom and defining a pair of arcuate recesses (78a, 78b) on either side of the fin, wherein the arcuate recesses are adapted to abut a greater tuberosity fragment and a lesser tuberosity fragment.
A tapered package comprising: a front wall, a back wall spaced apart from said front wall, first and second side walls spaced apart from each other and extending between said front and back walls, and a bottom wall extending between bottom ends of said front wall, said back wall, and said first and second side walls; wherein top ends of said front wall and said back wall are coupled together such that said package has a tapered shape when viewed from a side; and a closure maintaining said front wall and said back wall together to close said package, said closure comprising (a) engaging elements coupling said front wall and said back wall together, said closure engaging elements comprising a closure tab in one of said front and back walls and a closure slot in the other of said front and back walls, said closure slot being sized and shaped to receive said closure tab; said pachage being characterised in that the closure further comprises (b) a cover element covering said engaging elements from view; wherein: said closure cover element is in the form of a band extending around and encircling said top ends of said front wall and said back wall to hold said top ends of said front wall and said back wall together to close said tapered package. a front wall, a back wall spaced apart from said front wall, first and second side walls spaced apart from each other and extending between said front and back walls, and a bottom wall extending between bottom ends of said front wall, said back wall, and said first and second side walls; wherein top ends of said front wall and said back wall are coupled together such that said package has a tapered shape when viewed from a side; and a closure maintaining said front wall and said back wall together to close said package, said closure comprising (a) engaging elements coupling said front wall and said back wall together, said closure engaging elements comprising a closure tab in one of said front and back walls and a closure slot in the other of said front and back walls, said closure slot being sized and shaped to receive said closure tab; said pachage being characterised in that the closure further comprises (b) a cover element covering said engaging elements from view; wherein: said closure cover element is in the form of a band extending around and encircling said top ends of said front wall and said back wall to hold said top ends of said front wall and said back wall together to close said tapered package.
A machine for perforating a film web, comprising: - an unwinding device that unwinds a film web from a supply reel; - a perforating station provided with at least one laser perforator that perforates said film web coming from said supply reel; - a rewinding device that rewinds the perforated film web onto a take-up reel actuated by a take-up motor; and - a main pulling unit actuated by a drive motor that pulls the film web upstream of said take-up reel and downstream of said perforating station, characterized in that the perforating station comprises: first supporting roller located upstream of a second supporting roller supporting therebetween a section of the film web in a predetermined position in relation to said laser perforator, the laser perforator performing the perforation in said section of the film web; said first and second supporting rollers (10, 11) are configured to turn at the same speed actuated in unison by a processing advancing motor in coordination with the operation of said drive motor of said main pulling unit assuring constant advancing speed of the section of the film web comprised between them in the perforating station, to obtain a regular and stable shape of the perforations made in this section of the film web by the laser perforator and to avoid unwanted stretching that may change the result of the perforation in said section of the film web. - an unwinding device that unwinds a film web from a supply reel; - a perforating station provided with at least one laser perforator that perforates said film web coming from said supply reel; - a rewinding device that rewinds the perforated film web onto a take-up reel actuated by a take-up motor; and - a main pulling unit actuated by a drive motor that pulls the film web upstream of said take-up reel and downstream of said perforating station, first supporting roller located upstream of a second supporting roller supporting therebetween a section of the film web in a predetermined position in relation to said laser perforator, the laser perforator performing the perforation in said section of the film web; said first and second supporting rollers (10, 11) are configured to turn at the same speed actuated in unison by a processing advancing motor in coordination with the operation of said drive motor of said main pulling unit assuring constant advancing speed of the section of the film web comprised between them in the perforating station, to obtain a regular and stable shape of the perforations made in this section of the film web by the laser perforator and to avoid unwanted stretching that may change the result of the perforation in said section of the film web.
Process for fabricating an optical slot waveguide on silicon, comprising the deposition of a thin film of single-crystal silicon on a substrate covered with a buried insulating layer, and subsequently the uniform deposition of an insulating or semi-insulating layer on the silicon film, the excavation over the entire thickness of this insulating or semi-insulating layer of two openings having vertical sidewalls separated by a narrow gap constituting an insulating or semi-insulating vertical wall extending along a path which is the desired path for the slot waveguide, and the epitaxial growth of single-crystal silicon in the openings, characterized in that before the uniform deposition of the insulating or semi-insulating layer, a local thermal oxidation is carried out over the entire depth of the thin single-crystal silicon film in order to form an insulating oxidized strip extending along the path of the vertical wall, beneath and either side of said wall over the entire length of the path, so that the insulating vertical wall that will subsequently be formed is not adjacent to the thin single-crystal silicon film.