A data transmission method, comprising: receiving, by a terminal, a timing indication message issued by a base station, wherein the timing indication message comprises timing parameters used for terminal data uploading; determining data upload time of the terminal on the basis of the timing parameters; and uploading data by using the data upload time, wherein the timing parameters comprise a serial number of the timing indication message in an upload cycle, the upload cycle, and a step value, wherein the step value is duration of data uploading of each terminal; and the determining data upload time of the terminal on the basis of the timing parameters comprises: calibrating, on the basis of the serial number of the timing indication message in the upload cycle, a current time position currently in the upload cycle; and determining, on the basis of upload sorting information of the terminal and the current time position, a starting moment of the data upload time, and taking the step value as duration of the data upload time, and wherein the determining, on the basis of upload sorting information of the terminal and the current time position, a starting moment of the data upload time comprises: determining a theoretical time position of the terminal on the basis of the upload sorting information of the terminal; and obtaining a time difference between the theoretical time position of the terminal and the current time position, wherein the time difference is remaining time until the starting moment of the data upload time; and the uploading data by using the data upload time comprises: start timing; and uploading data within the duration of the step value when the timing reaches the remaining time. receiving, by a terminal, a timing indication message issued by a base station, wherein the timing indication message comprises timing parameters used for terminal data uploading; determining data upload time of the terminal on the basis of the timing parameters; and uploading data by using the data upload time, wherein the timing parameters comprise a serial number of the timing indication message in an upload cycle, the upload cycle, and a step value, wherein the step value is duration of data uploading of each terminal; and the determining data upload time of the terminal on the basis of the timing parameters comprises: calibrating, on the basis of the serial number of the timing indication message in the upload cycle, a current time position currently in the upload cycle; and determining, on the basis of upload sorting information of the terminal and the current time position, a starting moment of the data upload time, and taking the step value as duration of the data upload time, and wherein the determining, on the basis of upload sorting information of the terminal and the current time position, a starting moment of the data upload time comprises: determining a theoretical time position of the terminal on the basis of the upload sorting information of the terminal; and obtaining a time difference between the theoretical time position of the terminal and the current time position, wherein the time difference is remaining time until the starting moment of the data upload time; and the uploading data by using the data upload time comprises: start timing; and uploading data within the duration of the step value when the timing reaches the remaining time. calibrating, on the basis of the serial number of the timing indication message in the upload cycle, a current time position currently in the upload cycle; and determining, on the basis of upload sorting information of the terminal and the current time position, a starting moment of the data upload time, and taking the step value as duration of the data upload time, and wherein the determining, on the basis of upload sorting information of the terminal and the current time position, a starting moment of the data upload time comprises: determining a theoretical time position of the terminal on the basis of the upload sorting information of the terminal; and obtaining a time difference between the theoretical time position of the terminal and the current time position, wherein the time difference is remaining time until the starting moment of the data upload time; and the uploading data by using the data upload time comprises: start timing; and uploading data within the duration of the step value when the timing reaches the remaining time. determining a theoretical time position of the terminal on the basis of the upload sorting information of the terminal; and obtaining a time difference between the theoretical time position of the terminal and the current time position, wherein the time difference is remaining time until the starting moment of the data upload time; and the uploading data by using the data upload time comprises: start timing; and uploading data within the duration of the step value when the timing reaches the remaining time. start timing; and uploading data within the duration of the step value when the timing reaches the remaining time.