A method of determining biological activities of a biological sample which has been obtained from an organism, comprising: (i) contacting the biological sample obtained from the organism with a cultured biosensor cell comprising a library of transcription reporter constructs for assessing transcriptional activities of multiple transcription factors (TFs) in the cultured biosensor cell, wherein each transcription reporter construct in the library comprises a cis -regulatory element responsive to a TF and a reporter sequence, wherein the reporter sequence in each transcription reporter construct in the library comprises a processing tag that is located in a position within the reporter sequence that differs from the positions of the processing tag in the reporter sequence of the other reporter constructs in the library, and wherein the reporter sequences of the transcription reporter constructs, outside of the positions of the processing tags, are identical; (ii) assessing relative levels of transcripts of the transcription reporter constructs in the library within the cultured biosensor cell to obtain a profile of activities of TFs regulating transcriptional activities of the reporter constructs in the library in the cultured biosensor cell; (iii) comparing the profile of activities of TFs from the cultured biosensor cell contacted with the biological sample to a profile of activities of TFs in a cultured biosensor cell that was not contacted with the biological sample; and (iv) generating a differential profile comprising differences between the profile of TF activities from the cultured biosensor cell contacted with the biological sample and the profile of activities of TFs in the cultured biosensor cell not contacted with the biological sample, wherein the differential profile represents the biological activities of the biological sample obtained from the organism. (i) contacting the biological sample obtained from the organism with a cultured biosensor cell comprising a library of transcription reporter constructs for assessing transcriptional activities of multiple transcription factors (TFs) in the cultured biosensor cell, wherein each transcription reporter construct in the library comprises a cis -regulatory element responsive to a TF and a reporter sequence, wherein the reporter sequence in each transcription reporter construct in the library comprises a processing tag that is located in a position within the reporter sequence that differs from the positions of the processing tag in the reporter sequence of the other reporter constructs in the library, and wherein the reporter sequences of the transcription reporter constructs, outside of the positions of the processing tags, are identical; wherein each transcription reporter construct in the library comprises a cis -regulatory element responsive to a TF and a reporter sequence, wherein the reporter sequence in each transcription reporter construct in the library comprises a processing tag that is located in a position within the reporter sequence that differs from the positions of the processing tag in the reporter sequence of the other reporter constructs in the library, and wherein the reporter sequences of the transcription reporter constructs, outside of the positions of the processing tags, are identical; (ii) assessing relative levels of transcripts of the transcription reporter constructs in the library within the cultured biosensor cell to obtain a profile of activities of TFs regulating transcriptional activities of the reporter constructs in the library in the cultured biosensor cell; (iii) comparing the profile of activities of TFs from the cultured biosensor cell contacted with the biological sample to a profile of activities of TFs in a cultured biosensor cell that was not contacted with the biological sample; and (iv) generating a differential profile comprising differences between the profile of TF activities from the cultured biosensor cell contacted with the biological sample and the profile of activities of TFs in the cultured biosensor cell not contacted with the biological sample, wherein the differential profile represents the biological activities of the biological sample obtained from the organism.