A system configured to control cough segmentation, the system comprising: a cough delivery structure configured to fluidly communicate with an airway of a subject, wherein the cough delivery structure includes a valve, wherein the valve is configured to selectively control a fluid communication between the cough delivery structure and atmosphere; one or more sensors configured to generate output signals conveying information related to a pressure level within the cough delivery structure and/or the airway of the subject; and one or more physical processors configured via computer-readable instructions to: determine the pressure level based on the generated output signals; obtain a target exhalation pressure threshold; obtain one or both of a target frequency for controlling the valve, the target frequency corresponding to a rate of opening and closing the valve, and a target duty cycle for controlling the valve, the target duty cycle reflecting a first duration of opening the valve and a second duration for closing the valve; control the valve based on the obtained one or both of a target frequency and a target duty cycle such that, during a first exhalation by the subject during which cough segmentation is controlled by the system, the valve is opened and closed a plurality of times according to the obtained one or both of a target frequency an a target duty cycle to define a plurality of cough segments; and compare the pressure level determined during a cough segment of the first exhalation with the obtained target exhalation pressure threshold; characterised in that the one or more physical processors are further configured via computer-readable instructions to: in response to the pressure level determined during the cough segment of the first exhalation by the subject not reaching the obtained target exhalation pressure threshold, adjust the obtained one or both of a target frequency and a target duty cycle; and subsequently control the valve at least during another cough segment of the first exhalation based on the adjusted one or both of a target frequency and a target duty cycle. a cough delivery structure configured to fluidly communicate with an airway of a subject, wherein the cough delivery structure includes a valve, wherein the valve is configured to selectively control a fluid communication between the cough delivery structure and atmosphere; one or more sensors configured to generate output signals conveying information related to a pressure level within the cough delivery structure and/or the airway of the subject; and one or more physical processors configured via computer-readable instructions to: determine the pressure level based on the generated output signals; obtain a target exhalation pressure threshold; obtain one or both of a target frequency for controlling the valve, the target frequency corresponding to a rate of opening and closing the valve, and a target duty cycle for controlling the valve, the target duty cycle reflecting a first duration of opening the valve and a second duration for closing the valve; control the valve based on the obtained one or both of a target frequency and a target duty cycle such that, during a first exhalation by the subject during which cough segmentation is controlled by the system, the valve is opened and closed a plurality of times according to the obtained one or both of a target frequency an a target duty cycle to define a plurality of cough segments; and compare the pressure level determined during a cough segment of the first exhalation with the obtained target exhalation pressure threshold; characterised in that the one or more physical processors are further configured via computer-readable instructions to: in response to the pressure level determined during the cough segment of the first exhalation by the subject not reaching the obtained target exhalation pressure threshold, adjust the obtained one or both of a target frequency and a target duty cycle; and subsequently control the valve at least during another cough segment of the first exhalation based on the adjusted one or both of a target frequency and a target duty cycle. determine the pressure level based on the generated output signals; obtain a target exhalation pressure threshold; obtain one or both of a target frequency for controlling the valve, the target frequency corresponding to a rate of opening and closing the valve, and a target duty cycle for controlling the valve, the target duty cycle reflecting a first duration of opening the valve and a second duration for closing the valve; control the valve based on the obtained one or both of a target frequency and a target duty cycle such that, during a first exhalation by the subject during which cough segmentation is controlled by the system, the valve is opened and closed a plurality of times according to the obtained one or both of a target frequency an a target duty cycle to define a plurality of cough segments; and compare the pressure level determined during a cough segment of the first exhalation with the obtained target exhalation pressure threshold; characterised in that the one or more physical processors are further configured via computer-readable instructions to: in response to the pressure level determined during the cough segment of the first exhalation by the subject not reaching the obtained target exhalation pressure threshold, adjust the obtained one or both of a target frequency and a target duty cycle; and subsequently control the valve at least during another cough segment of the first exhalation based on the adjusted one or both of a target frequency and a target duty cycle.