A piezoelectric pump comprising: a pump body with a pump chamber; and a piezoelectric element (21; 30; 40; 60; 70) supported by the pump body so as to close the pump chamber and bent by voltage application so as to change the volume of the pump chamber, the piezoelectric element (21; 30; 40; 60; 70) having a central area and a peripheral area surrounding the central area at a portion corresponding to the pump chamber, the central area and the peripheral area being bent in opposite directions in accordance with driving voltages applied to the piezoelectric element (21; 30; 40; 60; 70), wherein the piezoelectric element (21; 30; 40; 60; 70) is formed by laminating a plurality of piezoelectric layers (21a-b; 31a-h; 41a-b; 61a-c; 71a-e) with electrodes (22-24; 42-44;62-65; 72-77) interposed therebetween, firing the laminate, and polarizing the laminate, characterized in that the central area and the peripheral area of each of the piezoelectric layers (21a-b; 31a-h; 41a-b; 61a-c; 71a-e) are polarized opposite to each other in a thickness direction of the laminate, the electrodes (22-24; 42-44;62-65; 72-77) are formed such that driving electric fields oriented in the same direction in the thickness direction are applied to the central area and the peripheral area of each of the piezoelectric layers (21a-b; 31a-h; 41a-b; 61a-c; 71a-e), and driving voltages at the same potential are applied to the electrodes (22-24; 42-44;62-65; 72-77) formed in the same planes of the piezoelectric layers (21a-b; 31a-h; 41a-b; 61a-c; 71a-e), the electrodes (22-24; 42-44;62-65; 72-77) include split electrodes split so as to correspond to the central area and the peripheral area and continuous electrodes extending over the central area and the peripheral area, and the split electrodes and the continuous electrodes are alternately disposed in a direction along which the piezoelectric layers (21a-b; 31a-h; 41a-b; 61a-c; 71a-e) are laminated. a pump body with a pump chamber; and a piezoelectric element (21; 30; 40; 60; 70) supported by the pump body so as to close the pump chamber and bent by voltage application so as to change the volume of the pump chamber, the piezoelectric element (21; 30; 40; 60; 70) having a central area and a peripheral area surrounding the central area at a portion corresponding to the pump chamber, the central area and the peripheral area being bent in opposite directions in accordance with driving voltages applied to the piezoelectric element (21; 30; 40; 60; 70), wherein the piezoelectric element (21; 30; 40; 60; 70) is formed by laminating a plurality of piezoelectric layers (21a-b; 31a-h; 41a-b; 61a-c; 71a-e) with electrodes (22-24; 42-44;62-65; 72-77) interposed therebetween, firing the laminate, and polarizing the laminate, characterized in that the central area and the peripheral area of each of the piezoelectric layers (21a-b; 31a-h; 41a-b; 61a-c; 71a-e) are polarized opposite to each other in a thickness direction of the laminate, the electrodes (22-24; 42-44;62-65; 72-77) are formed such that driving electric fields oriented in the same direction in the thickness direction are applied to the central area and the peripheral area of each of the piezoelectric layers (21a-b; 31a-h; 41a-b; 61a-c; 71a-e), and driving voltages at the same potential are applied to the electrodes (22-24; 42-44;62-65; 72-77) formed in the same planes of the piezoelectric layers (21a-b; 31a-h; 41a-b; 61a-c; 71a-e), the electrodes (22-24; 42-44;62-65; 72-77) include split electrodes split so as to correspond to the central area and the peripheral area and continuous electrodes extending over the central area and the peripheral area, and the split electrodes and the continuous electrodes are alternately disposed in a direction along which the piezoelectric layers (21a-b; 31a-h; 41a-b; 61a-c; 71a-e) are laminated.