An aerosol generating device comprising: a first cartridge configured to accommodate a first material and comprising a delivery hole that is configured to deliver an aerosol generated from the first material; a second cartridge comprising a plurality of chambers that are each configured to accommodate a second material through which the aerosol delivered from the first cartridge passes and is discharged to the outside, wherein a position of the second cartridge with respect to the first cartridge is changeable so that at least one of the plurality of chambers corresponds to the delivery hole; a position sensor configured to generate a signal by detecting a position of at least one of the plurality of chambers with respect to the delivery hole; and a controller configured to identify a usage chamber, among the plurality of chambers and which is aligned to correspond to a position of the delivery hole to pass the aerosol, based on the signal of the position sensor; characterized by a driving device configured to change a relative position of the second cartridge with respect to the first cartridge by moving at least one from among the first cartridge and the second cartridge, wherein the controller is configured to operate the driving device to change the relative position of the second cartridge with respect to the first cartridge so that the aerosol is able to pass through at least one of the plurality of chambers; wherein the aerosol generating device further comprises: a reference sensor arranged on a movement path of the plurality of chambers between the first cartridge and the second cartridge, and configured to generate a reference position signal indicating a reference position of the second cartridge with respect to the first cartridge, wherein, based on the reference sensor generating the reference position signal, the controller is configured to convert a movement direction of any one from among the first cartridge and the second cartridge into an opposite direction; or a stopper (81a, 81b) arranged on a movement path of the plurality of chambers between the first cartridge and the second cartridge, and configured to be in contact with any one from among the first cartridge and the second cartridge to limit position movement, wherein, when any one from among the first cartridge and the second cartridge is moved in one direction by the driving device and comes into contact with the stopper (81a, 81b), the controller is configured to control the driving device to attempt to further move the any one from among the first cartridge and the second cartridge in the one direction and then convert a movement direction of the any one from among the first cartridge and the second cartridge into an opposite direction. a first cartridge configured to accommodate a first material and comprising a delivery hole that is configured to deliver an aerosol generated from the first material; a second cartridge comprising a plurality of chambers that are each configured to accommodate a second material through which the aerosol delivered from the first cartridge passes and is discharged to the outside, wherein a position of the second cartridge with respect to the first cartridge is changeable so that at least one of the plurality of chambers corresponds to the delivery hole; a position sensor configured to generate a signal by detecting a position of at least one of the plurality of chambers with respect to the delivery hole; and a controller configured to identify a usage chamber, among the plurality of chambers and which is aligned to correspond to a position of the delivery hole to pass the aerosol, based on the signal of the position sensor; characterized by a driving device configured to change a relative position of the second cartridge with respect to the first cartridge by moving at least one from among the first cartridge and the second cartridge, wherein the controller is configured to operate the driving device to change the relative position of the second cartridge with respect to the first cartridge so that the aerosol is able to pass through at least one of the plurality of chambers; a reference sensor arranged on a movement path of the plurality of chambers between the first cartridge and the second cartridge, and configured to generate a reference position signal indicating a reference position of the second cartridge with respect to the first cartridge, wherein, based on the reference sensor generating the reference position signal, the controller is configured to convert a movement direction of any one from among the first cartridge and the second cartridge into an opposite direction; or a stopper (81a, 81b) arranged on a movement path of the plurality of chambers between the first cartridge and the second cartridge, and configured to be in contact with any one from among the first cartridge and the second cartridge to limit position movement, wherein, when any one from among the first cartridge and the second cartridge is moved in one direction by the driving device and comes into contact with the stopper (81a, 81b), the controller is configured to control the driving device to attempt to further move the any one from among the first cartridge and the second cartridge in the one direction and then convert a movement direction of the any one from among the first cartridge and the second cartridge into an opposite direction.