A printing result inspection apparatus comprising: inspection image data acquisition means (18, 50) for acquiring inspection image data obtained by imaging printing paper after printing, the image on the printing paper including a non-image region where the image on the printing paper is not printed and an image region (A20, A22) excluding the non-image region; defected region detection means for comparing the inspection image data with reference image data including an image printed on the printing paper to detect a defected region (D10, D12, D14, D20, D22) from the inspection image data; first defect determination means for determining whether a defected region (D10, D12, D14) included in the non-image region is a printing defect caused by a printing step or a printing paper defect caused by printing paper based on a density change amount and a color of the defected region (D10, D12, D14) included in the non-image region among defected regions (D10, D12, D14, D20, D22) detected by the defected region detection means; storage means for storing image feature amount information indicating an image feature amount of a defected region (D10, D12, D14) determined as the printing paper defect by the first defect determination means; and second defect determination means for determining whether a defected region (D20, D22) included in the image region (A20, A22) excluding the non-image region on the printing paper among the defected regions (D10, D12, D14, D20, D22) detected by the defected region detection means is the printing defect or the printing paper defect based on the image feature amount information of the defected region (D10, D12, D14) determined as the printing paper defect, and a density change amount and a color of the defected region (D20, D22) included in the image region (A20, A22). inspection image data acquisition means (18, 50) for acquiring inspection image data obtained by imaging printing paper after printing, the image on the printing paper including a non-image region where the image on the printing paper is not printed and an image region (A20, A22) excluding the non-image region; defected region detection means for comparing the inspection image data with reference image data including an image printed on the printing paper to detect a defected region (D10, D12, D14, D20, D22) from the inspection image data; first defect determination means for determining whether a defected region (D10, D12, D14) included in the non-image region is a printing defect caused by a printing step or a printing paper defect caused by printing paper based on a density change amount and a color of the defected region (D10, D12, D14) included in the non-image region among defected regions (D10, D12, D14, D20, D22) detected by the defected region detection means; storage means for storing image feature amount information indicating an image feature amount of a defected region (D10, D12, D14) determined as the printing paper defect by the first defect determination means; and second defect determination means for determining whether a defected region (D20, D22) included in the image region (A20, A22) excluding the non-image region on the printing paper among the defected regions (D10, D12, D14, D20, D22) detected by the defected region detection means is the printing defect or the printing paper defect based on the image feature amount information of the defected region (D10, D12, D14) determined as the printing paper defect, and a density change amount and a color of the defected region (D20, D22) included in the image region (A20, A22).