A method for determining an operating state of a photovoltaic array, comprising: acquiring present operating state data of the photovoltaic array, wherein the photovoltaic array comprises at least two photovoltaic strings in parallel, and the present operating state data comprises present output current values of the photovoltaic strings and present irradiances corresponding to the photovoltaic strings; determining present characteristic parameters of the photovoltaic array by processing the present operating state data, wherein the present characteristic parameters characterize characteristics of a present operating state of the photovoltaic array, and the present characteristic parameters comprise a present characteristic current value, a present current discrete rate and the present irradiances; and determining an operating state of the photovoltaic array by comparing the present characteristic parameters with corresponding standard characteristic parameters of the photovoltaic array, wherein the standard characteristic parameters are determined by analyzing historical operating state data of the photovoltaic array comprising historical output current values of the photovoltaic strings and historical irradiances corresponding to the photovoltaic strings, and the standard characteristic parameters comprise a standard characteristic current value, a standard current discrete rate and a standard irradiance corresponding to the photovoltaic string and the operating state of the photovoltaic array comprises a normal state and an abnormal state; wherein determining the present characteristic parameters of the photovoltaic array by processing the present operating state data comprises: acquiring filtered present output current values by filtering the present output current values based on a current threshold, wherein the current threshold is determined based on the historical operating state data of the photovoltaic array, and the filtered present output current values are less than or equal to the current threshold; determining a K percentile in the filtered present output current values as the present characteristic current value, wherein K is an integer greater than or equal to 50; and determining a ratio of a current standard deviation to a current average corresponding to the filtered present output current values as the present current discrete rate. acquiring present operating state data of the photovoltaic array, wherein the photovoltaic array comprises at least two photovoltaic strings in parallel, and the present operating state data comprises present output current values of the photovoltaic strings and present irradiances corresponding to the photovoltaic strings; determining present characteristic parameters of the photovoltaic array by processing the present operating state data, wherein the present characteristic parameters characterize characteristics of a present operating state of the photovoltaic array, and the present characteristic parameters comprise a present characteristic current value, a present current discrete rate and the present irradiances; and determining an operating state of the photovoltaic array by comparing the present characteristic parameters with corresponding standard characteristic parameters of the photovoltaic array, wherein the standard characteristic parameters are determined by analyzing historical operating state data of the photovoltaic array comprising historical output current values of the photovoltaic strings and historical irradiances corresponding to the photovoltaic strings, and the standard characteristic parameters comprise a standard characteristic current value, a standard current discrete rate and a standard irradiance corresponding to the photovoltaic string and the operating state of the photovoltaic array comprises a normal state and an abnormal state; wherein determining the present characteristic parameters of the photovoltaic array by processing the present operating state data comprises: acquiring filtered present output current values by filtering the present output current values based on a current threshold, wherein the current threshold is determined based on the historical operating state data of the photovoltaic array, and the filtered present output current values are less than or equal to the current threshold; determining a K percentile in the filtered present output current values as the present characteristic current value, wherein K is an integer greater than or equal to 50; and determining a ratio of a current standard deviation to a current average corresponding to the filtered present output current values as the present current discrete rate. acquiring filtered present output current values by filtering the present output current values based on a current threshold, wherein the current threshold is determined based on the historical operating state data of the photovoltaic array, and the filtered present output current values are less than or equal to the current threshold; determining a K percentile in the filtered present output current values as the present characteristic current value, wherein K is an integer greater than or equal to 50; and determining a ratio of a current standard deviation to a current average corresponding to the filtered present output current values as the present current discrete rate.