A method of making electrocaloric articles, comprising (a) providing a roll of a film comprising an electrocaloric material or a supply of multiple sheets of a film comprising an electrocaloric material; (b) delivering film from the roll or the supply of multiple sheets to a conductive material application station; (c) forming electrodes (14, 16) comprising a patterned disposition of conductive material on the film at the application station to form an electrocaloric article, wherein forming electrodes at the application station comprises applying a patterned disposition of conductive material onto a temporary support and transferring the patterned disposition of conductive material from the temporary support to the film and wherein forming the patterned disposition of conductive material to the temporary support comprises: (i) selectively applying conductive material to a plurality of areas of the temporary support and the plurality of areas are spaced apart by a dimension of 0.1 times the film thickness to 10 times the film thickness, or (ii) applying conductive material to a plurality of areas of the temporary support through a patterned mask, and removing the mask, wherein the plurality of areas are spaced apart by a dimension of 0.1 times the film thickness to 10 times the film thickness, or (iii) selectively etching a conductive material on the temporary support to form a plurality of areas of conductive material spaced apart by a dimension of 0.1 times the film thickness to 10 times the film thickness, or (iv) applying conductive material to the temporary support, etching the conductive material through unmasked areas of a patterned mask, and removing the mask to form a plurality of areas of conductive material spaced apart by a dimension of 0.1 times the film thickness to 10 times the film thickness, (d) delivering film from the application station to a take-up roll or an inventory of electrocaloric sheets; and (e) repeating (b), (c), and (d) to form multiple electrocaloric articles. (a) providing a roll of a film comprising an electrocaloric material or a supply of multiple sheets of a film comprising an electrocaloric material; (b) delivering film from the roll or the supply of multiple sheets to a conductive material application station; (c) forming electrodes (14, 16) comprising a patterned disposition of conductive material on the film at the application station to form an electrocaloric article, wherein forming electrodes at the application station comprises applying a patterned disposition of conductive material onto a temporary support and transferring the patterned disposition of conductive material from the temporary support to the film and wherein forming the patterned disposition of conductive material to the temporary support comprises: (i) selectively applying conductive material to a plurality of areas of the temporary support and the plurality of areas are spaced apart by a dimension of 0.1 times the film thickness to 10 times the film thickness, or (ii) applying conductive material to a plurality of areas of the temporary support through a patterned mask, and removing the mask, wherein the plurality of areas are spaced apart by a dimension of 0.1 times the film thickness to 10 times the film thickness, or (iii) selectively etching a conductive material on the temporary support to form a plurality of areas of conductive material spaced apart by a dimension of 0.1 times the film thickness to 10 times the film thickness, or (iv) applying conductive material to the temporary support, etching the conductive material through unmasked areas of a patterned mask, and removing the mask to form a plurality of areas of conductive material spaced apart by a dimension of 0.1 times the film thickness to 10 times the film thickness, (i) selectively applying conductive material to a plurality of areas of the temporary support and the plurality of areas are spaced apart by a dimension of 0.1 times the film thickness to 10 times the film thickness, or (ii) applying conductive material to a plurality of areas of the temporary support through a patterned mask, and removing the mask, wherein the plurality of areas are spaced apart by a dimension of 0.1 times the film thickness to 10 times the film thickness, or (iii) selectively etching a conductive material on the temporary support to form a plurality of areas of conductive material spaced apart by a dimension of 0.1 times the film thickness to 10 times the film thickness, or (iv) applying conductive material to the temporary support, etching the conductive material through unmasked areas of a patterned mask, and removing the mask to form a plurality of areas of conductive material spaced apart by a dimension of 0.1 times the film thickness to 10 times the film thickness, (d) delivering film from the application station to a take-up roll or an inventory of electrocaloric sheets; and (e) repeating (b), (c), and (d) to form multiple electrocaloric articles.