A method for whole blood filtration comprising the following steps: a filter membrane structure made up of at least two filtration membranes (1, 2, 201, 202) sequentially stacked from top to bottom of the filter membrane structure is selected, the filter membrane structure comprising hemagglutinin; a whole blood sample is added at a top of the filter membrane structure for filtration; and the filtered serum or plasma is collected at a bottom of the filter membrane structure, wherein the at least two filtration membranes are of porous structure; the pore sizes of the at least two filtration membranes stacked in the filter membrane structure gradually decrease from top to bottom of the filter membrane structure, and the surface areas of the filtration membranes (1; 2, 201, 202) stacked in the filter membrane structure gradually increase from top to bottom of the filter membrane structure, or are equal to each other, wherein the filter membrane structure comprises two filtration membranes, an upper filtration membrane and a lower filtration membrane, respectively, the upper filtration membrane is a hemagglutinin comprising filter membrane, and the lower filtration membrane is composed of at least one hydrophilic microporous membrane; or the upper filtration membrane is a hydrophilic filtration membrane, and the lower filtration membrane is a hemagglutinin comprising filter membrane; hemagglutinin is uniformly distributed in the hemagglutinin comprising filter membrane, characterized in that the pore size of the upper filtration membrane is 1 μm-5 μm; the thickness of the upper filtration membrane is 0.5 mm-20 mm, and the pore size of the lower filtration membrane (2, 201, 202) is 0.2 μm-4 μm, and the thickness of the lower filtration membrane is 0.05 mm-2 mm. a filter membrane structure made up of at least two filtration membranes (1, 2, 201, 202) sequentially stacked from top to bottom of the filter membrane structure is selected, the filter membrane structure comprising hemagglutinin; a whole blood sample is added at a top of the filter membrane structure for filtration; and the filtered serum or plasma is collected at a bottom of the filter membrane structure, wherein the at least two filtration membranes are of porous structure; the pore sizes of the at least two filtration membranes stacked in the filter membrane structure gradually decrease from top to bottom of the filter membrane structure, and the surface areas of the filtration membranes (1; 2, 201, 202) stacked in the filter membrane structure gradually increase from top to bottom of the filter membrane structure, or are equal to each other, wherein the filter membrane structure comprises two filtration membranes, an upper filtration membrane and a lower filtration membrane, respectively, the upper filtration membrane is a hemagglutinin comprising filter membrane, and the lower filtration membrane is composed of at least one hydrophilic microporous membrane; or the upper filtration membrane is a hydrophilic filtration membrane, and the lower filtration membrane is a hemagglutinin comprising filter membrane; hemagglutinin is uniformly distributed in the hemagglutinin comprising filter membrane, characterized in that the pore size of the upper filtration membrane is 1 μm-5 μm; the thickness of the upper filtration membrane is 0.5 mm-20 mm, and the pore size of the lower filtration membrane (2, 201, 202) is 0.2 μm-4 μm, and the thickness of the lower filtration membrane is 0.05 mm-2 mm.