A data transmission and control device in a multi-node sensor network, comprising a processing control module configured for data interaction, parameter configuration and firmware upgrade, the processing control module including an instruction processing unit, a data processing unit, at least one group of first-type interfaces (J101-J10n), at least one group of second-type interfaces (J201-J20n), at least one group of third-type interfaces (J30n), one group of fifth-type interfaces, and one group of sixth-type interfaces, the processing control module being communicatively connected with a plurality of sensors (140, 240) via the at least one group of first-type interfaces (J101-J10n) and the at least one group of second-type interfaces (J201-J20n), each of the sensors (140, 240) being respectively communicatively connected with the first-type interface (J101-J10n) and the second-type interface (J201-J20n), the processing control module being communicatively connected with an external control device (120, 220) via the fifth-type interfaces, and being communicatively connected with an external service terminal (130, 230) via the sixth-type interfaces, wherein: the fifth-type interfaces are configured to send control messages, data messages, and report feedback information; and the fifth-type interfaces and the at least one group of first-type interfaces (J101-J10n) are configured to cooperate with the instruction processing unit to configure and query parameters of the sensors (140, 240), and to upgrade firm ware and report feedback information of the sensors (140, 240) and the processing control module; the at least one group of second-type interfaces (J201-J20n) and the sixth-type interfaces are configured to cooperate with the data processing unit to acquire data of the plurality of sensors (140, 240), and to transmit the data to the external service terminal (130, 230) for processing, wherein the processing control module comprises a first controller configured for parameter configuration and firmware upgrade, and a second controller configured for data interaction of the plurality of sensors (140, 240), the first controller comprising the instruction processing unit, a group of fifth-type interfaces, and at least one group of first-type interfaces (J101-J10n), the second controller comprising the one group of sixth-type interfaces, and at least one group of second-type interfaces (J201-J20n), the third-type interfaces (J30n) being provided on the first controller or on the second controller. the fifth-type interfaces are configured to send control messages, data messages, and report feedback information; and the fifth-type interfaces and the at least one group of first-type interfaces (J101-J10n) are configured to cooperate with the instruction processing unit to configure and query parameters of the sensors (140, 240), and to upgrade firm ware and report feedback information of the sensors (140, 240) and the processing control module; the at least one group of second-type interfaces (J201-J20n) and the sixth-type interfaces are configured to cooperate with the data processing unit to acquire data of the plurality of sensors (140, 240), and to transmit the data to the external service terminal (130, 230) for processing, wherein the processing control module comprises a first controller configured for parameter configuration and firmware upgrade, and a second controller configured for data interaction of the plurality of sensors (140, 240), the first controller comprising the instruction processing unit, a group of fifth-type interfaces, and at least one group of first-type interfaces (J101-J10n), the second controller comprising the one group of sixth-type interfaces, and at least one group of second-type interfaces (J201-J20n), the third-type interfaces (J30n) being provided on the first controller or on the second controller.