A device for detecting fluid particle characteristics comprising: a fluid composition sensor configured to receive a volume of fluid, the fluid comprising air flowing at a known air flow velocity, the fluid composition sensor comprising: a collection media configured to receive one or more particles of a plurality of particles; an imaging device configured to capture an image of one or more particles of the plurality of particles received by the collection media; and characterized in that the device further comprises a controller that is configured to: determine a particle impaction depth of at least one of the one or more particles of the plurality of particles within the collection media based on an image captured by an imaging device; and based at least in part on the particle impaction depth of each of the one or more particles of the plurality of particles, determine a particulate matter mass concentration within the volume of fluid, wherein the collective mass of the plurality of particles received by the collection media is used to approximate a collective mass of a plurality of particles present within the volume of fluid which is used to estimate a particulate matter mass concentration within the volume of fluid, wherein the estimated masses of each of the particles of the plurality of particles are used to determine the collective mass of the plurality of particles received by the collection media, wherein the estimation of the respective masses of each of the particles of the plurality of particles is based on: a velocity of the particles based on the known air flow velocity; and further based on data in a particle impaction depth-momentum look-up table that correlates particle impaction depth to particle initial momentum for a given collection media type. a collection media configured to receive one or more particles of a plurality of particles; an imaging device configured to capture an image of one or more particles of the plurality of particles received by the collection media; and characterized in that the device further comprises a controller that is configured to: determine a particle impaction depth of at least one of the one or more particles of the plurality of particles within the collection media based on an image captured by an imaging device; and based at least in part on the particle impaction depth of each of the one or more particles of the plurality of particles, determine a particulate matter mass concentration within the volume of fluid, wherein the collective mass of the plurality of particles received by the collection media is used to approximate a collective mass of a plurality of particles present within the volume of fluid which is used to estimate a particulate matter mass concentration within the volume of fluid, wherein the estimated masses of each of the particles of the plurality of particles are used to determine the collective mass of the plurality of particles received by the collection media, wherein the estimation of the respective masses of each of the particles of the plurality of particles is based on: a velocity of the particles based on the known air flow velocity; and further based on data in a particle impaction depth-momentum look-up table that correlates particle impaction depth to particle initial momentum for a given collection media type. determine a particle impaction depth of at least one of the one or more particles of the plurality of particles within the collection media based on an image captured by an imaging device; and based at least in part on the particle impaction depth of each of the one or more particles of the plurality of particles, determine a particulate matter mass concentration within the volume of fluid, wherein the collective mass of the plurality of particles received by the collection media is used to approximate a collective mass of a plurality of particles present within the volume of fluid which is used to estimate a particulate matter mass concentration within the volume of fluid, wherein the estimated masses of each of the particles of the plurality of particles are used to determine the collective mass of the plurality of particles received by the collection media, wherein the estimation of the respective masses of each of the particles of the plurality of particles is based on: a velocity of the particles based on the known air flow velocity; and further based on data in a particle impaction depth-momentum look-up table that correlates particle impaction depth to particle initial momentum for a given collection media type.