A desktop-cloud-based media control method, comprising: acquiring, by a thin client, a multimedia data stream, wherein the thin client is connected to a multimedia peripheral and the thin client acquires the multimedia data stream by using the multimedia peripheral, wherein a cloud server builds a cloud desktop for the thin client, the thin client access the cloud desktop by using a dedicated program or a browser and the thin client accesses the cloud server by using the cloud desktop; decoding, by the thin client, the multimedia data stream, and displaying a decoded multimedia data stream; and receiving, by the thin client, a control instruction sent by the cloud server, and performing a corresponding control operation on the displayed multimedia data stream according to the control instruction, wherein the control instruction is an instruction delivered by a user to the cloud server by using the cloud desktop; wherein the step of receiving a control instruction sent by the cloud server, and performing a corresponding control operation on the displayed multimedia data stream according to the control instruction comprises: receiving, by the thin client, a recording start instruction sent by the cloud server; starting, by the thin client, to execute recording of a video according to the recording start instruction, and not stopping executing recording of the video until the thin client receives a recording end instruction, where a video data stream corresponding to recorded video is a first multimedia data substream; encoding, by the thin client, the first multimedia data substream to obtain a corresponding multimedia file; and sending, by the thin client, the multimedia file to the cloud server; saving, by the cloud server, the multimedia file. acquiring, by a thin client, a multimedia data stream, wherein the thin client is connected to a multimedia peripheral and the thin client acquires the multimedia data stream by using the multimedia peripheral, wherein a cloud server builds a cloud desktop for the thin client, the thin client access the cloud desktop by using a dedicated program or a browser and the thin client accesses the cloud server by using the cloud desktop; decoding, by the thin client, the multimedia data stream, and displaying a decoded multimedia data stream; and receiving, by the thin client, a control instruction sent by the cloud server, and performing a corresponding control operation on the displayed multimedia data stream according to the control instruction, wherein the control instruction is an instruction delivered by a user to the cloud server by using the cloud desktop; wherein the step of receiving a control instruction sent by the cloud server, and performing a corresponding control operation on the displayed multimedia data stream according to the control instruction comprises: receiving, by the thin client, a recording start instruction sent by the cloud server; starting, by the thin client, to execute recording of a video according to the recording start instruction, and not stopping executing recording of the video until the thin client receives a recording end instruction, where a video data stream corresponding to recorded video is a first multimedia data substream; encoding, by the thin client, the first multimedia data substream to obtain a corresponding multimedia file; and sending, by the thin client, the multimedia file to the cloud server; saving, by the cloud server, the multimedia file. receiving, by the thin client, a recording start instruction sent by the cloud server; starting, by the thin client, to execute recording of a video according to the recording start instruction, and not stopping executing recording of the video until the thin client receives a recording end instruction, where a video data stream corresponding to recorded video is a first multimedia data substream; encoding, by the thin client, the first multimedia data substream to obtain a corresponding multimedia file; and sending, by the thin client, the multimedia file to the cloud server; saving, by the cloud server, the multimedia file.