An olefin polymerization catalyst comprising a solid support and a metal catalyst component shown in the following: Solid support: a solid support that has been brought into contact with M 1 (OR b) n R c 3-n, ZnR b 2, or LiR b (M 1 represents aluminum or boron, R b and R c each independently represent a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and n represents an integer of 1 to 3) Metal catalyst component: a metal catalyst component that contains a transition metal compound containing a transition metal M belonging to Group 9, 10, or 11 of the periodic table and has a reactive group R a, wherein R a represents OR 8, CO 2 R 8, CO 2 M', C N(R 8) 2, C R 8, SR 8, SO 3 R 8, P (OR 8) 2-y (R 9) y, P(OR 9) 3-x (R 9) x, P(R 9) 2, NHR 8, N(R 8) 2, Si(OR 8) 3-x (R 8) x, OSi(OR 8) 3-x (R 8) x, SO 3 M', PO 3 M' 2, PO 3 M", P (OR 9) 2 M', or an epoxy-containing group (where R 8 represents a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, R 9 represents a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, M' represents an alkali metal, an ammonium, a quaternary ammonium, or a phosphonium, M" represents an alkaline earth metal, x represents an integer of 0 to 3, and y represents an integer of 0 to 2), and the metal catalyst component contains a compound represented by the following general formula or and the transition metal compound: wherein Z is hydrogen or a leaving group; m represents the valence of Z; E 1 represents phosphorus, arsenic, or antimony; X 1 represents oxygen or sulfur; R 2 and R 3 each independently represent a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms which may contain a hetero atom, and may be combined with each other to form a ring; R 4 to R 6 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms which may contain a hetero atom, a cyano group, or a nitro group; R 7 represents a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms which may contain a hetero atom; and at least one of R 2 to R 7 is necessarily a substituent containing a reactive group represented by the general formula -Q-R a wherein Q represents a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms which may contain a hetero atom, R a represents OR 8, CO 2 R 8, CO 2 M', C N(R 8) 2, C R 8, SR 8, SO 3 R 8, P (OR 8) 2-y (R 9) y, P(OR 9) 3-x (R 9) x, P(R 9) 2, NHR 8, N(R 8) 2, Si(OR 8) 3-x (R 8) x, OSi(OR 8) 3-x (R 8) x, SO 3 M', PO 3 M' 2, PO 3 M", P (OR 9) 2 M', or an epoxy-containing group (where R 8 represents a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, R 9 represents a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, M' represents an alkali metal, an ammonium, a quaternary ammonium, or a phosphonium, M" represents an alkaline earth metal, x represents an integer of 0 to 3, and y represents an integer of 0 to 2). Solid support: a solid support that has been brought into contact with M 1 (OR b) n R c 3-n, ZnR b 2, or LiR b (M 1 represents aluminum or boron, R b and R c each independently represent a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and n represents an integer of 1 to 3) Metal catalyst component: a metal catalyst component that contains a transition metal compound containing a transition metal M belonging to Group 9, 10, or 11 of the periodic table and has a reactive group R a, wherein R a represents OR 8, CO 2 R 8, CO 2 M', C N(R 8) 2, C R 8, SR 8, SO 3 R 8, P (OR 8) 2-y (R 9) y, P(OR 9) 3-x (R 9) x, P(R 9) 2, NHR 8, N(R 8) 2, Si(OR 8) 3-x (R 8) x, OSi(OR 8) 3-x (R 8) x, SO 3 M', PO 3 M' 2, PO 3 M", P (OR 9) 2 M', or an epoxy-containing group (where R 8 represents a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, R 9 represents a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, M' represents an alkali metal, an ammonium, a quaternary ammonium, or a phosphonium, M" represents an alkaline earth metal, x represents an integer of 0 to 3, and y represents an integer of 0 to 2), and the metal catalyst component contains a compound represented by the following general formula or and the transition metal compound: wherein Z is hydrogen or a leaving group; m represents the valence of Z; E 1 represents phosphorus, arsenic, or antimony; X 1 represents oxygen or sulfur; R 2 and R 3 each independently represent a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms which may contain a hetero atom, and may be combined with each other to form a ring; R 4 to R 6 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms which may contain a hetero atom, a cyano group, or a nitro group; R 7 represents a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms which may contain a hetero atom; and at least one of R 2 to R 7 is necessarily a substituent containing a reactive group represented by the general formula -Q-R a wherein Q represents a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms which may contain a hetero atom, R a represents OR 8, CO 2 R 8, CO 2 M', C N(R 8) 2, C R 8, SR 8, SO 3 R 8, P (OR 8) 2-y (R 9) y, P(OR 9) 3-x (R 9) x, P(R 9) 2, NHR 8, N(R 8) 2, Si(OR 8) 3-x (R 8) x, OSi(OR 8) 3-x (R 8) x, SO 3 M', PO 3 M' 2, PO 3 M", P (OR 9) 2 M', or an epoxy-containing group (where R 8 represents a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, R 9 represents a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, M' represents an alkali metal, an ammonium, a quaternary ammonium, or a phosphonium, M" represents an alkaline earth metal, x represents an integer of 0 to 3, and y represents an integer of 0 to 2).