A certificate management system, comprising: a server configured to receive a certificate application request from an electronic device, issue a device certificate corresponding to the electronic device through an intermediate certificate device, and transmit the device certificate and an Internet address of the server to the electronic device; wherein the electronic device is configured to store the device certificate and the Internet address of the server to complete a certificate issuance operation; wherein the intermediate certificate device is located in the server, the intermediate certificate device is an X.509 certificate device, and the device certificate generated by the intermediate certificate device is an X.509 certificate; wherein the X.509 certificate is a leaf certificate in an X.509 certificate chain technology, and the X.509 certificate is encrypted with an asymmetric key; wherein after the electronic device has completed the certificate issuance operation, and the electronic device is electrically coupled to a solar panel and the electronic device is activated, then an identity verification process of the electronic device is started; wherein in the identity verification process, the electronic device is configured to send a connection request and the device certificate to the server, and the server is configured to use a the- Public Key Infrastructure, PKI, identity authentication mechanism to trigger the intermediate certificate device to perform a number of verification operations on the device certificate, wherein the intermediate certificate device is configured to confirm that the electronic device does possess the device certificate, confirm that the device certificate is a leaf certificate in the X.509 certificate chain technology, check that the device certificate is not in a certificate revocation list, and check that a valid time of the device certificate has not expired. a server configured to receive a certificate application request from an electronic device, issue a device certificate corresponding to the electronic device through an intermediate certificate device, and transmit the device certificate and an Internet address of the server to the electronic device; wherein the electronic device is configured to store the device certificate and the Internet address of the server to complete a certificate issuance operation; wherein the intermediate certificate device is located in the server, the intermediate certificate device is an X.509 certificate device, and the device certificate generated by the intermediate certificate device is an X.509 certificate; wherein the X.509 certificate is a leaf certificate in an X.509 certificate chain technology, and the X.509 certificate is encrypted with an asymmetric key; wherein after the electronic device has completed the certificate issuance operation, and the electronic device is electrically coupled to a solar panel and the electronic device is activated, then an identity verification process of the electronic device is started; wherein in the identity verification process, the electronic device is configured to send a connection request and the device certificate to the server, and the server is configured to use a the- Public Key Infrastructure, PKI, identity authentication mechanism to trigger the intermediate certificate device to perform a number of verification operations on the device certificate, wherein the intermediate certificate device is configured to confirm that the electronic device does possess the device certificate, confirm that the device certificate is a leaf certificate in the X.509 certificate chain technology, check that the device certificate is not in a certificate revocation list, and check that a valid time of the device certificate has not expired.