A method for polar code rate matching, comprising: selecting one of a first rate matching manner and a second rate matching manner according to a target code length; polar encoding (301, 701) information bits, according to a mother code length N and the selected rate matching manner, to obtain encoded bits, wherein N is a positive integer; interleaving on the encoded bits to obtain N interleaved bits, wherein the first rate matching manner and the second rate matching manner are corresponding to a same interleaving order; sequentially storing (302, 702) the N interleaved bits into a cyclic cache according to a bit storage order, wherein the first rate matching manner and the second rate matching manner are corresponding to the same bit storage order; and sequentially reading (303, 703), from the cyclic cache according to a bit reading order corresponding to the rate matching manner, M bits of the N interleaved bits as an output sequence from the cyclic cache, wherein M is the target code length, wherein M is an integer, wherein the first rate matching manner and the second rate matching manner are corresponding to different bit reading orders; wherein when the target code length M is less than the mother code length N, the first rate matching manner is selected; when the target code length M is greater than the mother code length N, the second rate matching manner is selected; wherein the second rate matching manner is repetition and the first rate matching manner is shortening or puncturing, wherein the method is characterized in that: it is determined according to a bit rate R whether the first rate matching manner is shortening or puncturing, and the target code length M, and the bit rate R satisfy: M = INT ( K / R), where INT (·) indicates rounding, K is the quantity of the information bits; and when the first rate matching manner is puncturing, a reading order corresponding to the first rate matching manner is sequentially reading from an (N-M+1) th bit to an N th bit of the N interleaved bits in the cyclic cache; when the first rate matching manner is shortening, a reading order corresponding to the second rate matching manner is sequentially reading from a first bit to an M th bit of the N interleaved bits in the cyclic cache. selecting one of a first rate matching manner and a second rate matching manner according to a target code length; polar encoding (301, 701) information bits, according to a mother code length N and the selected rate matching manner, to obtain encoded bits, wherein N is a positive integer; interleaving on the encoded bits to obtain N interleaved bits, wherein the first rate matching manner and the second rate matching manner are corresponding to a same interleaving order; sequentially storing (302, 702) the N interleaved bits into a cyclic cache according to a bit storage order, wherein the first rate matching manner and the second rate matching manner are corresponding to the same bit storage order; and sequentially reading (303, 703), from the cyclic cache according to a bit reading order corresponding to the rate matching manner, M bits of the N interleaved bits as an output sequence from the cyclic cache, wherein M is the target code length, wherein M is an integer, wherein the first rate matching manner and the second rate matching manner are corresponding to different bit reading orders; wherein when the target code length M is less than the mother code length N, the first rate matching manner is selected; when the target code length M is greater than the mother code length N, the second rate matching manner is selected; wherein the second rate matching manner is repetition and the first rate matching manner is shortening or puncturing, wherein the method is characterized in that: it is determined according to a bit rate R whether the first rate matching manner is shortening or puncturing, and the target code length M, and the bit rate R satisfy: M = INT ( K / R), where INT (·) indicates rounding, K is the quantity of the information bits; and when the first rate matching manner is puncturing, a reading order corresponding to the first rate matching manner is sequentially reading from an (N-M+1) th bit to an N th bit of the N interleaved bits in the cyclic cache; when the first rate matching manner is shortening, a reading order corresponding to the second rate matching manner is sequentially reading from a first bit to an M th bit of the N interleaved bits in the cyclic cache. when the target code length M is less than the mother code length N, the first rate matching manner is selected; when the target code length M is greater than the mother code length N, the second rate matching manner is selected; wherein the second rate matching manner is repetition and the first rate matching manner is shortening or puncturing, wherein the method is characterized in that: it is determined according to a bit rate R whether the first rate matching manner is shortening or puncturing, and the target code length M, and the bit rate R satisfy: M = INT ( K / R), where INT (·) indicates rounding, K is the quantity of the information bits; and when the first rate matching manner is puncturing, a reading order corresponding to the first rate matching manner is sequentially reading from an (N-M+1) th bit to an N th bit of the N interleaved bits in the cyclic cache; when the first rate matching manner is shortening, a reading order corresponding to the second rate matching manner is sequentially reading from a first bit to an M th bit of the N interleaved bits in the cyclic cache.