A compound represented by the structure of formula 1: wherein R 1, R 2, R 5 and R 6 are each independently selected from H, C 1 -C 4 alkyl, C 2 -C 6 alkenyl, C 2 -C 6 alkynyl, C 1 -C 4 alkyl-C 2 -C 6 alkenyl, C 1 -C 4 alkyl-C 2 -C 6 alkynyl, (CH 2 CH 2 O) n H, C 3 -C 7 cycloalkyl, aryl, heterocyclyl, heteroaryl, (C 1 -C 4)-alkylaryl, (C 1 -C 4)-alkylheterocyclyl, (C 1 -C 4)-alkylheteroaryl, haloalkyl, acyl and a functional group that gives rise to hydroxyl upon hydrolysis; R 3, R 4, R 7, R 8, R 9, R 10, R 11, R 12, R 13 and R 14 are each independently selected from H, C 1 -C 4 alkyl, C 2 -C 6 alkenyl, C 2 -C 6 alkynyl, C 1 -C 4 alkyl-C 2 -C 6 alkenyl, C 1 -C 4 alkyl-C 2 -C 6 alkynyl, C 3 -C 7 cycloalkyl, aryl, heterocyclyl, heteroaryl, (C 1 -C 4)-alkylaryl, (C 1 -C 4)-alkylheterocyclyl; (C 1 -C 4)-alkylheteroaryl, halogen, haloalkyl, NO 2, CN, N 3, SO 2 R a, COOR a, CSNR a R b, CSOR a, OR a, CONR a R b, NR a R b, SR a, and CH 2 SR 8, wherein R 8 and R b are each independently H, C 1 -C 4 alkyl, C 2 -C 6 alkenyl, C 2 -C 6 alkynyl, C 1 -C 4 alkyl-C 2 -C 6 alkenyl, C 1 -C 4 alkyl-C 2 -C 6 alkynyl, C 3 -C 7 cycloalkyl, aryl, heterocyclyl, heteroaryl, (C 1 -C 4)-alkylaryl, (C 1 -C 4)-alkylheterocyclyl, (C 1 -C 4)-alkylheteroaryl, haloalkyl, (CH 2 CH 2 O) n H, acyl or a functional group that gives rise to hydroxyl upon hydrolysis; and R 15 is H, C 1 -C 4 allcyl, C 2 -C 6 alkenyl, C 2 -C 6 alkynyl, C 1 -C 4 alkyl-C 2 -C 6 alkenyl, C 1 -C 4 alkyl-C 2 -C 6 alkynyl, haloalkyl, or OR b wherein R b is independently H or C 1 -C 4 alkyl; provided that when R 1, R 2, R 5 and R 6 are H, C 1 -C 4 alkyl, acyl or a functional group that gives rise to hydroxyl upon hydrolysis; R 3 and R 7 are H, halogen, haloalkyl or OR c, wherein R c is H, C 1 -C 4 alkyl, acyl or a functional group that gives rise to hydroxyl upon hydrolysis; and R 4 is H or CN; then at least one of R 8 -R 15 is not H, including salts, hydrates, solvates, polymorphs, optical isomers, geometrical isomers, enantiomers, diastereomers, and mixtures thereof. R 1, R 2, R 5 and R 6 are each independently selected from H, C 1 -C 4 alkyl, C 2 -C 6 alkenyl, C 2 -C 6 alkynyl, C 1 -C 4 alkyl-C 2 -C 6 alkenyl, C 1 -C 4 alkyl-C 2 -C 6 alkynyl, (CH 2 CH 2 O) n H, C 3 -C 7 cycloalkyl, aryl, heterocyclyl, heteroaryl, (C 1 -C 4)-alkylaryl, (C 1 -C 4)-alkylheterocyclyl, (C 1 -C 4)-alkylheteroaryl, haloalkyl, acyl and a functional group that gives rise to hydroxyl upon hydrolysis; R 3, R 4, R 7, R 8, R 9, R 10, R 11, R 12, R 13 and R 14 are each independently selected from H, C 1 -C 4 alkyl, C 2 -C 6 alkenyl, C 2 -C 6 alkynyl, C 1 -C 4 alkyl-C 2 -C 6 alkenyl, C 1 -C 4 alkyl-C 2 -C 6 alkynyl, C 3 -C 7 cycloalkyl, aryl, heterocyclyl, heteroaryl, (C 1 -C 4)-alkylaryl, (C 1 -C 4)-alkylheterocyclyl; (C 1 -C 4)-alkylheteroaryl, halogen, haloalkyl, NO 2, CN, N 3, SO 2 R a, COOR a, CSNR a R b, CSOR a, OR a, CONR a R b, NR a R b, SR a, and CH 2 SR 8, wherein R 8 and R b are each independently H, C 1 -C 4 alkyl, C 2 -C 6 alkenyl, C 2 -C 6 alkynyl, C 1 -C 4 alkyl-C 2 -C 6 alkenyl, C 1 -C 4 alkyl-C 2 -C 6 alkynyl, C 3 -C 7 cycloalkyl, aryl, heterocyclyl, heteroaryl, (C 1 -C 4)-alkylaryl, (C 1 -C 4)-alkylheterocyclyl, (C 1 -C 4)-alkylheteroaryl, haloalkyl, (CH 2 CH 2 O) n H, acyl or a functional group that gives rise to hydroxyl upon hydrolysis; and R 15 is H, C 1 -C 4 allcyl, C 2 -C 6 alkenyl, C 2 -C 6 alkynyl, C 1 -C 4 alkyl-C 2 -C 6 alkenyl, C 1 -C 4 alkyl-C 2 -C 6 alkynyl, haloalkyl, or OR b wherein R b is independently H or C 1 -C 4 alkyl; provided that when R 1, R 2, R 5 and R 6 are H, C 1 -C 4 alkyl, acyl or a functional group that gives rise to hydroxyl upon hydrolysis; R 3 and R 7 are H, halogen, haloalkyl or OR c, wherein R c is H, C 1 -C 4 alkyl, acyl or a functional group that gives rise to hydroxyl upon hydrolysis; and R 4 is H or CN; then at least one of R 8 -R 15 is not H, including salts, hydrates, solvates, polymorphs, optical isomers, geometrical isomers, enantiomers, diastereomers, and mixtures thereof.