A medical imaging system, comprising: an image sensor comprising a two-by-two array of pixels that includes a first pixel, a second pixel, a third pixel, and a fourth pixel; a first color filter that covers the first pixel and that is configured to allow the first pixel to collect a first color component of visible light and prevent the first pixel from collecting second and third color components of the visible light; a second color filter that covers the second and third pixels, the second color filter configured to allow the second and third pixels to each collect the second color component of the visible light and prevent the second and third pixels from each collecting the first and third color components of the visible light; and a third color filter that covers the fourth pixel and that is configured to allow the fourth pixel to collect the third color component of the visible light and prevent the fourth pixel from collecting the first and second color components of the visible light, characterized by further comprising: a pixel-level broadband infrared cutoff filter that covers the second pixel and that is configured to prevent the second pixel from collecting infrared light having wavelengths included in a first range of wavelengths, wherein the first, third, and fourth pixels are not covered by pixel-level broadband infrared cutoff filters configured to prevent the first, third, and fourth pixels from collecting infrared light having wavelengths included in the first range of wavelengths. an image sensor comprising a two-by-two array of pixels that includes a first pixel, a second pixel, a third pixel, and a fourth pixel; a first color filter that covers the first pixel and that is configured to allow the first pixel to collect a first color component of visible light and prevent the first pixel from collecting second and third color components of the visible light; a second color filter that covers the second and third pixels, the second color filter configured to allow the second and third pixels to each collect the second color component of the visible light and prevent the second and third pixels from each collecting the first and third color components of the visible light; and a third color filter that covers the fourth pixel and that is configured to allow the fourth pixel to collect the third color component of the visible light and prevent the fourth pixel from collecting the first and second color components of the visible light, characterized by further comprising: a pixel-level broadband infrared cutoff filter that covers the second pixel and that is configured to prevent the second pixel from collecting infrared light having wavelengths included in a first range of wavelengths, wherein the first, third, and fourth pixels are not covered by pixel-level broadband infrared cutoff filters configured to prevent the first, third, and fourth pixels from collecting infrared light having wavelengths included in the first range of wavelengths. a pixel-level broadband infrared cutoff filter that covers the second pixel and that is configured to prevent the second pixel from collecting infrared light having wavelengths included in a first range of wavelengths, wherein the first, third, and fourth pixels are not covered by pixel-level broadband infrared cutoff filters configured to prevent the first, third, and fourth pixels from collecting infrared light having wavelengths included in the first range of wavelengths.