A method for tracing surgical instruments (DM i, i being a positive integer) in a hospital environment, said method being implemented by computer processing means comprising: - an acquisition phase comprising: positioning a surgical instrument (DM i) on a support platform; capturing, by means of a digital camera positioned above the support platform, at least one digital image comprising at least one portion of the surgical instrument (DM i); and image processing for detecting in said at least one digital image at least one visual characteristic of said surgical instrument (DM i) and for determining at least one piece of visual data (P_PlC i) associated with said visual characteristic; measuring the weight of the surgical instrument (DMi), by means of a digital scale, in order to obtain information about the weight (D_PDS i) containing information relating to the measured weight, and - a processing phase comprising an identification of said surgical instrument (DM i) consisting in particular of: comparing (S9_1) the weight information (D_PDS i) and the visual information (D_PIC i) with a database establishing a link between a least one surgical instrument (DM i) and information relating to the weight and to the visual characteristic of said at least one surgical instrument, and determining (S9_2), as a function of said comparison, at least one piece of identification information (DI i) containing information relating to the identity of said surgical instrument (DM i), wherein the database comprises for each surgical instrument (DM i), a localization data (DL i) containing information relating to a predetermined position (P i) of said surgical instrument (DMi) in a surgical kit, and wherein said method comprising a reassembly phase of said kit comprising: - a localization stage during which the position (Pi) of said surgical instrument (DMi) in said surgical kit is determined according to said localization data (DL i), and - a display stage consisting in particular of displaying on a digital touch screen a digital inventory of the surgical kit as well as associated surgical instruments (DM i) according to their position (P i). - an acquisition phase comprising: positioning a surgical instrument (DM i) on a support platform; capturing, by means of a digital camera positioned above the support platform, at least one digital image comprising at least one portion of the surgical instrument (DM i); and image processing for detecting in said at least one digital image at least one visual characteristic of said surgical instrument (DM i) and for determining at least one piece of visual data (P_PlC i) associated with said visual characteristic; measuring the weight of the surgical instrument (DMi), by means of a digital scale, in order to obtain information about the weight (D_PDS i) containing information relating to the measured weight, and positioning a surgical instrument (DM i) on a support platform; capturing, by means of a digital camera positioned above the support platform, at least one digital image comprising at least one portion of the surgical instrument (DM i); and image processing for detecting in said at least one digital image at least one visual characteristic of said surgical instrument (DM i) and for determining at least one piece of visual data (P_PlC i) associated with said visual characteristic; measuring the weight of the surgical instrument (DMi), by means of a digital scale, in order to obtain information about the weight (D_PDS i) containing information relating to the measured weight, and - a processing phase comprising an identification of said surgical instrument (DM i) consisting in particular of: comparing (S9_1) the weight information (D_PDS i) and the visual information (D_PIC i) with a database establishing a link between a least one surgical instrument (DM i) and information relating to the weight and to the visual characteristic of said at least one surgical instrument, and determining (S9_2), as a function of said comparison, at least one piece of identification information (DI i) containing information relating to the identity of said surgical instrument (DM i), - a localization stage during which the position (Pi) of said surgical instrument (DMi) in said surgical kit is determined according to said localization data (DL i), and - a display stage consisting in particular of displaying on a digital touch screen a digital inventory of the surgical kit as well as associated surgical instruments (DM i) according to their position (P i).