An electric dual-mode wiper system for a railway vehicle, comprising: a first wiper drive unit that includes a first wiper, a first drive motor for driving the first wiper, a first linkage structure for connecting the first drive motor to the first wiper, and a first encoder for sensing an operation state of the first linkage structure; a second wiper drive unit that includes a second wiper arranged to be spaced apart from the first wiper, a second drive motor for driving the second wiper, a second linkage structure for connecting the second drive motor to the second wiper, and a second encoder for sensing an operation state of the second linkage structure; and a wiper control device that controls a synchronization operation of the first drive motor and the second drive motor based on information on the operation states of the first linkage structure and the second linkage structure transmitted from the first encoder and the second encoder, characterized in that the electric dual-mode wiper system further comprises: a first current measurement unit that measures a current of the first drive motor in real time; and a second current measurement unit that measures a current of the second drive motor in real time, wherein the wiper control device switches a rotation direction of the first drive motor to an opposite direction and moves the first wiper to an initial position thereof when a current value of the first drive motor measured by the first current measurement unit is greater than or equal to a threshold value, and switches a rotation direction of the second drive motor to an opposite direction and moves the second wiper to an initial position thereof when a current value of the second drive motor measured by the second current measurement unit is greater than or equal to a threshold value, wherein the first drive motor includes a first main motor and a first auxiliary motor, and drives the first wiper through the first auxiliary motor when the first main motor is in an abnormal state. a first wiper drive unit that includes a first wiper, a first drive motor for driving the first wiper, a first linkage structure for connecting the first drive motor to the first wiper, and a first encoder for sensing an operation state of the first linkage structure; a second wiper drive unit that includes a second wiper arranged to be spaced apart from the first wiper, a second drive motor for driving the second wiper, a second linkage structure for connecting the second drive motor to the second wiper, and a second encoder for sensing an operation state of the second linkage structure; and a wiper control device that controls a synchronization operation of the first drive motor and the second drive motor based on information on the operation states of the first linkage structure and the second linkage structure transmitted from the first encoder and the second encoder, characterized in that the electric dual-mode wiper system further comprises: a first current measurement unit that measures a current of the first drive motor in real time; and a second current measurement unit that measures a current of the second drive motor in real time, wherein the wiper control device switches a rotation direction of the first drive motor to an opposite direction and moves the first wiper to an initial position thereof when a current value of the first drive motor measured by the first current measurement unit is greater than or equal to a threshold value, and switches a rotation direction of the second drive motor to an opposite direction and moves the second wiper to an initial position thereof when a current value of the second drive motor measured by the second current measurement unit is greater than or equal to a threshold value, wherein the first drive motor includes a first main motor and a first auxiliary motor, and drives the first wiper through the first auxiliary motor when the first main motor is in an abnormal state. a first current measurement unit that measures a current of the first drive motor in real time; and a second current measurement unit that measures a current of the second drive motor in real time, wherein the wiper control device switches a rotation direction of the first drive motor to an opposite direction and moves the first wiper to an initial position thereof when a current value of the first drive motor measured by the first current measurement unit is greater than or equal to a threshold value, and switches a rotation direction of the second drive motor to an opposite direction and moves the second wiper to an initial position thereof when a current value of the second drive motor measured by the second current measurement unit is greater than or equal to a threshold value, wherein the first drive motor includes a first main motor and a first auxiliary motor, and drives the first wiper through the first auxiliary motor when the first main motor is in an abnormal state.