Primer, containing water, for the treatment of areas obtained by gypsum plaster trowel application, gypsum plaster smooth finish, or gypsum plaster coating, comprising at least one silicate dissolved in water, consisting of or comprising at least one water glass dissolved in water, or at least one water glass and silica sol dissolved in water, and at least one organic binder agent, dispersed or dispersible in water, wherein the pH value of this composition is alkaline, wherein the mass proportion of silicate dissolved in water, consisting of or comprising water glass dissolved in water or water glass and silica sol dissolved in water, related to the total weight of the composition, lies in the range from 0.001 to 3.5 % by weight, wherein the mass proportion of the organic binder agent dispersed or dispersible in water is greater than the mass proportion of silicate dissolved in water, consisting of or comprising water glass dissolved in water or water glass and silica sol dissolved in water, and wherein the organic binder agent comprises polymer particles with an average diameter of less than 3 μm, wherein the primer contains 22 to 40 % by weight water, 1.5 to 5 % by weight pigment, 27.5 to 74.9 % by weight filler substances, 0.1 to 5 % by weight wax preparation, 0.5 to 15 % by weight binder agent dispersion, 0.5 to 2.5 % by weight water glass and 0.5 to 5 % by weight additive; or paint, containing water, for the treatment of areas obtained by gypsum plaster trowel application, gypsum plaster smooth finish, or gypsum plaster coating, comprising at least one silicate dissolved in water, at least one water glass dissolved in water, or at least one water glass and silica sol dissolved in water, and at least one organic binder agent, dispersed or dispersible in water, an aqueous silicone resin solution, containing potassium methyl siliconate wherein the pH value of this composition is alkaline, wherein the mass proportion of silicate dissolved in water, consisting of or comprising water glass dissolved in water or water glass and silica sol dissolved in water, related to the total weight of the composition, lies in the range from 0.001 to 3.5 % by weight, the mass proportion of the organic binder agent dispersed or dispersible in water is greater than the mass proportion of silicate dissolved in water, consisting of or comprising water glass dissolved in water or water glass and silica sol dissolved in water, and wherein the organic binder agent comprises polymer particles with an average diameter of less than 3 μm, wherein the paint contains 20 - 70 % by weight water, 1.5 - 12 % by weight pigment, 27 - 51.5 % by weight filler, 0.5 - 10 % by weight binder agent dispersion, 0.5 - 2.5 % by weight water glass and 0.5 - 4 % by weight additive; or plaster mortar, containing water, for the treatment of areas obtained by gypsum plaster trowel application, gypsum plaster smooth finish, or gypsum plaster coating, comprising at least one silicate dissolved in water, consisting of or comprising a water glass dissolved in water, or at least one water glass and silica sol dissolved in water, and at least one organic binder agent, dispersed or dispersible in water, wherein the organic binder agent comprises polymer particles with an average diameter of less than 3 μm, and wherein the pH value of this composition is alkaline, wherein the mass proportion of silicate dissolved in water, consisting of or comprising water glass dissolved in water or water glass and silica sol dissolved in water, related to the total weight of the composition, lies in the range from 0.001 to 2 % by weight, and wherein the mass proportion of the organic binder agent, dispersed or dispersible in water, is at least three times greater than the mass proportion of silicate dissolved in water, consisting of or comprising water glass dissolved in water or water glass and silica sol dissolved in water.