mhurhangee/ep-ind-claims huggingface dataset:
A method for sensing including: propagating light of an excitation wavelength from an irradiation source (310, 510) down an elongate core of a microstructured optical fiber, the microstructured optical fiber including an interaction region (220, 221, 222) that includes a fluorescent material, the interaction region (220, 221, 222) extending longitudinally along the elongate core; enhancing an intensity of the propagated light at an interface region (230, 231, 232) relative to an intensity of the propagated light within the elongate core, the interface region (230, 231, 232) located between the elongate core and the interaction region (220, 221, 222) to thereby increase the amount of captured fluorescent light propagating along the elongate core, the interface region (230, 231, 232) being formed by a discontinuity in the electromagnetic field of the propagated light, the discontinuity being proportional to the ratio of the dielectric constants of the elongate core and the interaction region (220, 221, 222); and detecting the captured fluorescent light either by reflection at a proximal end or by transmission at a distal end of the microstructured optical fiber, characterized in that the intensity of the propagated light at the interface region (230, 231, 232) is enhanced by selecting a difference in refractive index between the elongated core and the interaction region (220, 221, 222) greater than 0.3 and a cross sectional dimension of the elongate core less than or of the same order as the excitation wavelength. propagating light of an excitation wavelength from an irradiation source (310, 510) down an elongate core of a microstructured optical fiber, the microstructured optical fiber including an interaction region (220, 221, 222) that includes a fluorescent material, the interaction region (220, 221, 222) extending longitudinally along the elongate core; enhancing an intensity of the propagated light at an interface region (230, 231, 232) relative to an intensity of the propagated light within the elongate core, the interface region (230, 231, 232) located between the elongate core and the interaction region (220, 221, 222) to thereby increase the amount of captured fluorescent light propagating along the elongate core, the interface region (230, 231, 232) being formed by a discontinuity in the electromagnetic field of the propagated light, the discontinuity being proportional to the ratio of the dielectric constants of the elongate core and the interaction region (220, 221, 222); and detecting the captured fluorescent light either by reflection at a proximal end or by transmission at a distal end of the microstructured optical fiber, characterized in that the intensity of the propagated light at the interface region (230, 231, 232) is enhanced by selecting a difference in refractive index between the elongated core and the interaction region (220, 221, 222) greater than 0.3 and a cross sectional dimension of the elongate core less than or of the same order as the excitation wavelength.
A system, comprising: a packet switch for routing network traffic, the packet switch including a system counter to increment a counter time in predetermined time segments, time stamping logic to associate each received packet with the counter time at an instant of arrival of each received packet, and an interval discriminator with a set of rules to assign each received packet to a selected interval counter of a set of interval counters (306_1-306_N) based upon the counter time associated with each received packet; and a computer connected to the packet switch, the computer including a memory with instructions executed by a processor to: associate the counter time of each received packet with a time of day, and collect the counter time of each received packet from the set of interval counters to generate network traffic activity data. a packet switch for routing network traffic, the packet switch including a system counter to increment a counter time in predetermined time segments, time stamping logic to associate each received packet with the counter time at an instant of arrival of each received packet, and an interval discriminator with a set of rules to assign each received packet to a selected interval counter of a set of interval counters (306_1-306_N) based upon the counter time associated with each received packet; and a computer connected to the packet switch, the computer including a memory with instructions executed by a processor to: associate the counter time of each received packet with a time of day, and collect the counter time of each received packet from the set of interval counters to generate network traffic activity data. associate the counter time of each received packet with a time of day, and collect the counter time of each received packet from the set of interval counters to generate network traffic activity data.
A semiconductor laser device (30, 40, 50), comprising: an n-type cladding layer; an n-type waveguide layer formed adjacent to the n-type cladding layer; an active region formed adjacent to the n-type waveguide layer; a p-type waveguide layer formed adjacent to the active region; and a p-type cladding layer formed adjacent to the p-type waveguide layer, wherein the device is doped in such a way that at least one of a p-type dopant concentration across the active region increases from a minimum concentration at a first position to a maximum concentration at a second position and an n-type dopant concentration across the active region decreases from a maximum concentration at a third position to a minimum concentration at a fourth position, characterized in that the first position is within the n-type waveguide layer or within the n-type cladding layer and the second position is within the p-type waveguide layer or within the p-type cladding layer, and wherein the third position is within the n-type waveguide layer or within the n-type cladding layer and the fourth position is within the p-type waveguide layer or within the p-type cladding layer. an n-type cladding layer; an n-type waveguide layer formed adjacent to the n-type cladding layer; an active region formed adjacent to the n-type waveguide layer; a p-type waveguide layer formed adjacent to the active region; and a p-type cladding layer formed adjacent to the p-type waveguide layer, wherein the device is doped in such a way that at least one of a p-type dopant concentration across the active region increases from a minimum concentration at a first position to a maximum concentration at a second position and an n-type dopant concentration across the active region decreases from a maximum concentration at a third position to a minimum concentration at a fourth position, characterized in that the first position is within the n-type waveguide layer or within the n-type cladding layer and the second position is within the p-type waveguide layer or within the p-type cladding layer, and wherein the third position is within the n-type waveguide layer or within the n-type cladding layer and the fourth position is within the p-type waveguide layer or within the p-type cladding layer.
A vibratory gyroscope comprising a member supporting a vibrator of the vibratory gyroscope only by bonding wires, said member comprising: a supporting plate with an opening formed therein, the opening being positioned directly under the vibrator; and the bonding wires supporting the vibrator, the bonding wires comprising an end portion being bonded with said vibrator, a fixed portion fixed on said supporting plate and a bent portion, characterized in that the bonding wires pass through the opening of the supporting plate, and a first distance between said bent portion and a position where said bonding wire starts to protrude from said supporting plate is 10 percent or more of a second distance between said bent portion and said end portion. a supporting plate with an opening formed therein, the opening being positioned directly under the vibrator; and the bonding wires supporting the vibrator, the bonding wires comprising an end portion being bonded with said vibrator, a fixed portion fixed on said supporting plate and a bent portion, characterized in that the bonding wires pass through the opening of the supporting plate, and a first distance between said bent portion and a position where said bonding wire starts to protrude from said supporting plate is 10 percent or more of a second distance between said bent portion and said end portion.
A method for determining a size of a peer-to-peer overlay network, the method comprising: identifying a set of nodes associated with a first node of an overlay network; obtaining (702, 704) a size estimate associated with the first node and with each node of the set of nodes, wherein said obtaining (702, 704) comprises querying at least a portion of the set of nodes to obtain at least a portion of the size estimates, respectively; and determining a size of the overlay network by averaging the size estimates. identifying a set of nodes associated with a first node of an overlay network; obtaining (702, 704) a size estimate associated with the first node and with each node of the set of nodes, wherein said obtaining (702, 704) comprises querying at least a portion of the set of nodes to obtain at least a portion of the size estimates, respectively; and determining a size of the overlay network by averaging the size estimates.
A power generation system including a plurality of power generation apparatuses (20A, 20B, 20C) and configured to supply electric power to a load by performing interconnecting operation of the plurality of power generation apparatuses (20A, 20B, 20C), wherein one of the plurality of power generation apparatuses (20A, 20B, 20C) is set as a master apparatus and the other power generation apparatuses (20A, 20B, 20C) are set as slave apparatuses when a power consumption by the load is less than electric power generated by rated operation of the master apparatus and the slave appartuses, the master apparatus is configured to cause the master apparatus and the slave appartuses to generate and supply electric power which follows the power consumption by the load, the master apparatus is configured to set priorities to the master apparatus and the slave apparatuses and control an apparatus with a higher priority to perform the rated operation, and characterized in that the master apparatus is configured to measure the power consumption by the load and, to determine whether the power consumption is equal to or greater than a threshold or not, when the master apparatus determines that the power consumption is equal to or greater than the threshold, the master apparatus is configured to set the priorities and switch to a control to cause an apparatus with a higher priority to perform rated operation and, when the master apparatus determines that the power consumption by the load is less than the threshold, the master apparatus is configured to switch to a control to equalize power generation outputs of the master apparatus and the slave apparatuses.
An apparatus for heating food comprising a container and a heater for heating food received in the container, the heater comprising a heating element and a control unit configured to operate the heating element, and the container being disposed adjacent to the heater, characterized in that the container is spaced from the heater, and in that the control unit is configured to operate the heating element at a predetermined operating temperature setting, wherein the control unit is configured to initially operate the heating element to heat up to a higher initial temperature setting so that the temperature of the container is increased rapidly to a container operating temperature, and to reduce the temperature setting of the heating element to the operating temperature setting when the higher initial temperature setting is reached so that the temperature of the container is maintained at its container operating temperature.
A process for generation olefin sulfonates comprising: passing a feedstream comprising normal alkanes, wherein the alkanes have between 14 and 30 carbon atoms, to a paraffin dehydrogenation unit, thereby generating a first effluent stream comprising olefins and light gases; passing the first effluent stream to a separator to generate a light gas stream, and a liquid stream comprising olefins having 14 to 30 carbons atoms, thereby creating a second effluent stream; passing the second effluent stream to a selective hydrogenation unit to hydrogenate diolefins, and generate an olefin process stream; passing the olefin process stream to a sulfonation unit to sulfonate the olefins in the olefin process stream, and generate a sulfonate process stream; and passing the sulfonate process stream to an extraction unit to generate a first extract process stream comprising olefin sulfonates, and a second extract process stream comprising paraffins, wherein the extraction process comprises: contacting the sulfonate process stream with water to generate a water effluent stream comprising the olefin sulfonates and an effluent stream comprising paraffins. passing a feedstream comprising normal alkanes, wherein the alkanes have between 14 and 30 carbon atoms, to a paraffin dehydrogenation unit, thereby generating a first effluent stream comprising olefins and light gases; passing the first effluent stream to a separator to generate a light gas stream, and a liquid stream comprising olefins having 14 to 30 carbons atoms, thereby creating a second effluent stream; passing the second effluent stream to a selective hydrogenation unit to hydrogenate diolefins, and generate an olefin process stream; passing the olefin process stream to a sulfonation unit to sulfonate the olefins in the olefin process stream, and generate a sulfonate process stream; and passing the sulfonate process stream to an extraction unit to generate a first extract process stream comprising olefin sulfonates, and a second extract process stream comprising paraffins, wherein the extraction process comprises: contacting the sulfonate process stream with water to generate a water effluent stream comprising the olefin sulfonates and an effluent stream comprising paraffins. contacting the sulfonate process stream with water to generate a water effluent stream comprising the olefin sulfonates and an effluent stream comprising paraffins.
A plasma generator comprising: (a) a plasma tube having a gas inlet formed in a first end of the plasma tube and a plasma outlet formed in a second end of the plasma tube; (b) an ionising source adjacent a first region of the plasma tube to expose that region to an electromagnetic field to generate active plasma species; and (c) a pyrolytic boron nitride liner lining the inner walls of the plasma tube within a second region thereof, characterized in that the pyrolytic boron nitride liner does not extend into the first region beyond a distance which is greater than 20% of the length of the first region. (a) a plasma tube having a gas inlet formed in a first end of the plasma tube and a plasma outlet formed in a second end of the plasma tube; (b) an ionising source adjacent a first region of the plasma tube to expose that region to an electromagnetic field to generate active plasma species; and (c) a pyrolytic boron nitride liner lining the inner walls of the plasma tube within a second region thereof, characterized in that the pyrolytic boron nitride liner does not extend into the first region beyond a distance which is greater than 20% of the length of the first region.
A system for image-guided surgery comprising: at least two display devices (2, 3); a position determinator for determining the relative position between the display devices (2, 3); and an image generator for generating images, which are to be displayed by the display devices (2, 3), in accordance with the determined relative position and on the basis of the relative position between one of the display devices (2, 3) and another object, such as a patient or an operating table; characterized in that the image generator is configured to generate an image representing a graphical user interface for one of the display devices and an image representing medical data for another one of the display devices if the distance between the two display devices (2, 3) is above a predefined threshold value, and to enlarge and spread the medical data across the two display devices (2, 3) if the two display devices (2, 3) have a distance less than the threshold.
A colorectal cell sampling device comprising: a colorectal insertion member having a distal, insertion end a proximal end and a closable interior cavity; a flexible membrane having an outer, cell sampling surface and an inner surface, wherein said membrane is sealingly attached to the distal, insertion end of said insertion member and when held within the interior cavity forms a receptacle having the cell sampling surface on the interior thereof, the receptacle being open to the insertion end of the insertion member; such that, in use, pressurisation of the interior cavity to at least a first elevated pressure causes the membrane to emit from the distal end of said insertion member to make contact with the colorectal mucosal surface and pressurisation of the interior cavity to a second reduced pressure causes the membrane to invert and return to the interior cavity of said insertion member; characterized in that the device further comprises means for sealing the insertion end to form a closed cavity positioned within the interior cavity of the insertion member and defined by the cell sampling surface of the flexible membrane and the sealing means. a colorectal insertion member having a distal, insertion end a proximal end and a closable interior cavity; a flexible membrane having an outer, cell sampling surface and an inner surface, wherein said membrane is sealingly attached to the distal, insertion end of said insertion member and when held within the interior cavity forms a receptacle having the cell sampling surface on the interior thereof, the receptacle being open to the insertion end of the insertion member; such that, in use, pressurisation of the interior cavity to at least a first elevated pressure causes the membrane to emit from the distal end of said insertion member to make contact with the colorectal mucosal surface and pressurisation of the interior cavity to a second reduced pressure causes the membrane to invert and return to the interior cavity of said insertion member;
A process for removing hydrogen and methanol from a CO2 stream which contains hydrogen and methanol as contaminants, characterized in that hydrogen and methanol are removed by contacting said CO2 stream with a catalyst which oxidizes hydrogen to water and methanol to carbon dioxide, obtaining a purified CO2 stream, wherein at least part of said purified CO2 stream, after removing of methanol and hydrogen, is fed into a urea synthesis process, and wherein said CO2 stream is extracted from the ammonia section of an ammonia-urea integrated plant, wherein urea is produced at a urea synthesis pressure; said CO2 stream is extracted at a pressure lower than said urea synthesis pressure; the CO2 stream is compressed to a first pressure intermediate between said pressure of extraction and said urea synthesis pressure; the removal of hydrogen and methanol is carried out at said first pressure; at least part of the so obtained purified CO2 stream is further compressed to said pressure of urea synthesis and is fed into a urea synthesis process.
An aqueous emulsion comprising an aqueous continuous phase and a discontinuous oil phase comprising particles having an interpenetrating network comprising: i) at least 10 wt% MQ resin comprising less than 1 wt% of radically polymerizable functional groups, based upon the total weight of the MQ resin; and the MQ resin having a weight average molecule weight of from 8000 to 50,000, measured by gel permeation chromatography; ii) at least 25 wt% polyorganosiloxane comprising less than 1wt% of Q siloxy units based upon the total weight of the polyorganosiloxanes; and iii) from 1 to 50 wt% organic polymer having a glass transition (Tg) temperature of from 0 to 150°C measured using the Fox equation in accordance with the method described in the description; and wherein the wt% of components (i), (ii) and (iii) is their total wt% in the oil phase particles. i) at least 10 wt% MQ resin comprising less than 1 wt% of radically polymerizable functional groups, based upon the total weight of the MQ resin; and the MQ resin having a weight average molecule weight of from 8000 to 50,000, measured by gel permeation chromatography; ii) at least 25 wt% polyorganosiloxane comprising less than 1wt% of Q siloxy units based upon the total weight of the polyorganosiloxanes; and iii) from 1 to 50 wt% organic polymer having a glass transition (Tg) temperature of from 0 to 150°C measured using the Fox equation in accordance with the method described in the description; and wherein
Floor slab foundation system for production plants with pallets to be conveyed, in particular pallet circulation system for the production of prefabricated concrete components, having at least one longitudinal conveying device with a plurality of rollers conveying the pallets in the longitudinal conveying direction, which rollers protrude upwards above a floor only in partial sections of each roller, and having at least one transverse conveying device arranged below the floor and having a carriage transporting a respective pallet in the transverse conveying direction and a lifting means arranged on the carriage in a height-adjustable manner for lifting the respective pallet to be picked up for transportation in the transverse conveying direction, the floor having a gap extending above the transverse conveying device in the transverse conveying direction, characterized by a gap covering device which has at least one circulating covering means which is guided on the gap in such a way that a section of the covering means extending above the gap is arranged to rest on the floor in a height-adjustable manner, covering the gap from above, and a section of the covering means located below the gap in return is guided to run back under the carriage in circulation, wherein the height-adjustable lifting means is designed to lift the section of the covering means extending above the gap in order to lift it upwards away from the floor, so that a pallet positioned above this raised section of the covering means is lifted by the lifting means resting on the section of the covering means extending above the gap.
Packaging article comprising: i) an envelope defining at least one cavity, the envelope comprising water-soluble and/or liposoluble fibres; ii) at least one anhydrous dye composition containing one or more oxidation bases optionally combined with one or more couplers; and iii) optionally at least one anhydrous oxidizing agent; it being understood that the dye composition ii) and the oxidizing agent iii), when it is present, are in one of the cavities of the envelope i). i) an envelope defining at least one cavity, the envelope comprising water-soluble and/or liposoluble fibres; ii) at least one anhydrous dye composition containing one or more oxidation bases optionally combined with one or more couplers; and iii) optionally at least one anhydrous oxidizing agent;