A method of encoding a video, the method comprising: determining a coding unit among at least one coding unit included in a maximum coding unit; when the coding unit is not split into smaller coding units by dividing a height and width of the coding unit by two, determining one or more prediction unit for performing prediction on the coding unit; determining asymmetric partition information indicating whether asymmetric partition types are allowed for inter prediction; determining split information of the coding unit indicating whether the coding unit is split into the smaller coding units; determining information about a partition type of the coding unit, wherein the partition type indicates one of symmetric partition types and asymmetric partition types of the coding unit; and performing encoding of the asymmetric partition information, the split information of the coding unit and the information about a partition type of the coding unit, in a bitstream, wherein: when the asymmetric partition types are allowed for inter prediction, the partition type of the coding unit is one of an asymmetric partition type and a symmetric partition type, and when the asymmetric partition types are not allowed for inter prediction, the partition type of the coding unit is the symmetric partition type, and wherein the determining of the one or more prediction unit further comprises, determining the one or more prediction units from the coding unit, wherein the one or more prediction units are one partition whose size is same as that of the coding unit or two partitions split from the coding unit or four partitions split from the coding unit, wherein either (a) two partitions are determined by splitting one of a height and a width of the coding unit according to an asymmetric ratio and the information about a partition type of the coding unit that is encoded indicates the asymmetric partition type, or (b) one or two or four partitions are determined from the coding unit, wherein either only one partition is determined from the prediction unit or two partitions are determined by splitting one of the height and the width of the coding unit according to a symmetric ratio or four partitions are determined by splitting both the height and the width of the coding unit according to a symmetric ratio, and the information about a partition type of the coding unit that is encoded indicates the symmetric partition type. determining a coding unit among at least one coding unit included in a maximum coding unit; when the coding unit is not split into smaller coding units by dividing a height and width of the coding unit by two, determining one or more prediction unit for performing prediction on the coding unit; determining asymmetric partition information indicating whether asymmetric partition types are allowed for inter prediction; determining split information of the coding unit indicating whether the coding unit is split into the smaller coding units; determining information about a partition type of the coding unit, wherein the partition type indicates one of symmetric partition types and asymmetric partition types of the coding unit; and performing encoding of the asymmetric partition information, the split information of the coding unit and the information about a partition type of the coding unit, in a bitstream, when the asymmetric partition types are allowed for inter prediction, the partition type of the coding unit is one of an asymmetric partition type and a symmetric partition type, and when the asymmetric partition types are not allowed for inter prediction, the partition type of the coding unit is the symmetric partition type, and wherein the determining of the one or more prediction unit further comprises, determining the one or more prediction units from the coding unit, wherein the one or more prediction units are one partition whose size is same as that of the coding unit or two partitions split from the coding unit or four partitions split from the coding unit, wherein either (a) two partitions are determined by splitting one of a height and a width of the coding unit according to an asymmetric ratio and the information about a partition type of the coding unit that is encoded indicates the asymmetric partition type, or (b) one or two or four partitions are determined from the coding unit, wherein either only one partition is determined from the prediction unit or two partitions are determined by splitting one of the height and the width of the coding unit according to a symmetric ratio or four partitions are determined by splitting both the height and the width of the coding unit according to a symmetric ratio, and the information about a partition type of the coding unit that is encoded indicates the symmetric partition type. (a) two partitions are determined by splitting one of a height and a width of the coding unit according to an asymmetric ratio and the information about a partition type of the coding unit that is encoded indicates the asymmetric partition type, or (b) one or two or four partitions are determined from the coding unit, wherein either only one partition is determined from the prediction unit or two partitions are determined by splitting one of the height and the width of the coding unit according to a symmetric ratio or four partitions are determined by splitting both the height and the width of the coding unit according to a symmetric ratio, and the information about a partition type of the coding unit that is encoded indicates the symmetric partition type.