A control method of random access based on TD-SCDMA system adaptable for TD-SCDMA system, which comprises network side, terminal side, a physical layer of the terminal side and a physical layer of the network side of radio interface protocol structure, characterized in, the control method comprising: Step 1: the MAC layers of the terminal side and the network side are provided with different MAC entities of the terminal side and the network side respectively to control different kinds of random access requests and process different random access information; Step 2: the different MAC entities of the terminal side independently initiates physical layer access requests to the physical layer of the terminal side; Step 3: the physical layer of the terminal side receives and processes the physical layer access requests; and Step 4: the physical layer of the network side, according to the different methods used to process the data sent in random access request or different kinds of the used random access physical channels, distinguishes different random access requests, which are then sent to the corresponding MAC entities of the network side to be subjected to corresponding random access information process; wherein, the step 4 further comprises: the physical layer of the network side distinguishes different random access requests through the used different types of random access physical channels, wherein if it is physical random access channel, the MAC data received from the physical random access channel is sent to MAC-c/sh entity in the radio network controller in the form of random access transport channel and is then processed; and if it is uplink enhanced random access physical channel, the MAC data received from the uplink enhanced random access physical channel is sent to the MAC-e entity in the node B in the form of uplink enhanced random access control transport channel and is then processed; wherein, the step 4 further comprises the physical layer of the network side distinguishes different random access requests by different processing methods used for the date sent in the random access request, wherein if the data is processed by method with normal CRC and the processing result is correct, the received MAC data is sent to the MAC-c/sh entity in the radio network controller in the form of random access transport channel and is then processed; and if data is processed by method with reversed ordered CRC and the processing result is correct, the received MAC data is sent to the MAC-e entity in the node B in the form of uplink enhanced random access control transport channel and is then processed. Step 1: the MAC layers of the terminal side and the network side are provided with different MAC entities of the terminal side and the network side respectively to control different kinds of random access requests and process different random access information; Step 2: the different MAC entities of the terminal side independently initiates physical layer access requests to the physical layer of the terminal side; Step 3: the physical layer of the terminal side receives and processes the physical layer access requests; and Step 4: the physical layer of the network side, according to the different methods used to process the data sent in random access request or different kinds of the used random access physical channels, distinguishes different random access requests, which are then sent to the corresponding MAC entities of the network side to be subjected to corresponding random access information process;