A material composition as medicament, comprising: one or more transition metal chalcogenides, provided in a non-bioactive form capable of in vivo or in vitro conversion into a bioactive form upon exposure to physiological conditions; wherein the non-bioactivated transition metal chalcogenides are defined by: M x A y B z (Formula I) having an index number x, y, and z that each constitute an atomic ratio of the material composition; wherein M is a transition metal element present in an atomic ratio x of 1 or 3; wherein A is a first chalcogenide element present in an atomic ratio y of 0 to 9; wherein B is a second chalcogenide element present in an atomic ratio z of 0 to 9, and; wherein the sum of the atomic ratios y and z of the first and second chalcogenide elements A and B is present in a non-stoichiometric ratio, that differs in a range from 0.01 to 20% from a stoichiometric ratio, wherein in the stoichiometric ratio the sum of the atomic ratios y and z of the first and second chalcogenide elements A and B is 2, 3, or 9, wherein the transition metal M is selected from the group consisting of molybdenum, tungsten, vanadium, and rhenium, and wherein the first chalcogenide element A and the second chalcogenide element B are independently selected from the group consisting of oxygen, sulfur, and selenium. one or more transition metal chalcogenides, provided in a non-bioactive form capable of in vivo or in vitro conversion into a bioactive form upon exposure to physiological conditions; wherein the non-bioactivated transition metal chalcogenides are defined by: M x A y B z (Formula I) having an index number x, y, and z that each constitute an atomic ratio of the material composition; wherein M is a transition metal element present in an atomic ratio x of 1 or 3; wherein A is a first chalcogenide element present in an atomic ratio y of 0 to 9; wherein B is a second chalcogenide element present in an atomic ratio z of 0 to 9, and; wherein the sum of the atomic ratios y and z of the first and second chalcogenide elements A and B is present in a non-stoichiometric ratio, that differs in a range from 0.01 to 20% from a stoichiometric ratio, wherein in the stoichiometric ratio the sum of the atomic ratios y and z of the first and second chalcogenide elements A and B is 2, 3, or 9, wherein M is a transition metal element present in an atomic ratio x of 1 or 3; wherein A is a first chalcogenide element present in an atomic ratio y of 0 to 9; wherein B is a second chalcogenide element present in an atomic ratio z of 0 to 9, and; wherein the sum of the atomic ratios y and z of the first and second chalcogenide elements A and B is present in a non-stoichiometric ratio, that differs in a range from 0.01 to 20% from a stoichiometric ratio, wherein in the stoichiometric ratio the sum of the atomic ratios y and z of the first and second chalcogenide elements A and B is 2, 3, or 9, wherein the transition metal M is selected from the group consisting of molybdenum, tungsten, vanadium, and rhenium, and wherein the first chalcogenide element A and the second chalcogenide element B are independently selected from the group consisting of oxygen, sulfur, and selenium.