A downlink information transmission method performed by a system comprising a first base station and a user equipment, the method comprising: a.) sending, by the first base station, downlink information by using a first transmission period according to a first transmission pattern to the user equipment, wherein the downlink information comprises a synchronization signal and a system broadcast message necessary for the user equipment to establish a wireless connection to the first base station; b.) sending, by the user equipment, an uplink pilot signal to the first base station; c.) detecting, by the first base station, that a measurement value of the uplink pilot signal is greater than a specified value, and sending, by the first base station to the user equipment, the downlink information by using a second transmission period according to a second transmission pattern, wherein the second transmission period is less than the first transmission period, and OFDM symbols occupied by the second transmission pattern are more than OFDM symbols occupied by the first transmission pattern; d.) receiving, by the user equipment, an instruction message from the first base station, the instruction message being used to indicate to the user equipment that a transmission period and a transmission pattern used by the first base station to send the downlink information have been changed, wherein the instruction message carries the second transmission period and the identifier of the second transmission pattern; e.) determining by the user equipment, that the instruction message carries the second transmission period and the identifier of the second transmission pattern, obtaining, by the user equipment, the second transmission period and the identifier of the second transmission pattern that are carried in the instruction message, and obtaining, by the user equipment, the second transmission pattern according to the identifier of the second transmission pattern; f.) receiving, by the user equipment from the first base station, the synchronization signal and the system broadcast message by using the obtained second transmission period and the obtained second transmission pattern. a.) sending, by the first base station, downlink information by using a first transmission period according to a first transmission pattern to the user equipment, wherein the downlink information comprises a synchronization signal and a system broadcast message necessary for the user equipment to establish a wireless connection to the first base station; b.) sending, by the user equipment, an uplink pilot signal to the first base station; c.) detecting, by the first base station, that a measurement value of the uplink pilot signal is greater than a specified value, and sending, by the first base station to the user equipment, the downlink information by using a second transmission period according to a second transmission pattern, wherein the second transmission period is less than the first transmission period, and OFDM symbols occupied by the second transmission pattern are more than OFDM symbols occupied by the first transmission pattern; d.) receiving, by the user equipment, an instruction message from the first base station, the instruction message being used to indicate to the user equipment that a transmission period and a transmission pattern used by the first base station to send the downlink information have been changed, wherein the instruction message carries the second transmission period and the identifier of the second transmission pattern; e.) determining by the user equipment, that the instruction message carries the second transmission period and the identifier of the second transmission pattern, obtaining, by the user equipment, the second transmission period and the identifier of the second transmission pattern that are carried in the instruction message, and obtaining, by the user equipment, the second transmission pattern according to the identifier of the second transmission pattern; f.) receiving, by the user equipment from the first base station, the synchronization signal and the system broadcast message by using the obtained second transmission period and the obtained second transmission pattern.