A signal transmission control method, comprising: obtaining, by a terminal, power control information; and adjusting, by the terminal, signal transmit power based on a type of the terminal according to an instruction of the power control information, and transmitting a signal by using adjusted signal transmit power, wherein the type of the terminal is a first type or a second type; and the power control information is configured as first instruction information and/or second instruction information when a first condition is met, the first instruction information is used to instruct a first-type terminal to increase signal transmit power, the second instruction information is used to instruct a second-type terminal to decrease signal transmit power, and the first condition is that the first-type terminal and the second-type terminal share a resource pool, characterized in that the power control information is specifically configured as the first instruction information and/or the second instruction information when both the first condition and a second condition are met; and the second condition is that the first-type terminal and the second-type terminal transmit signals in a same time interval through frequency resource multiplexing; wherein the power control information is specifically configured as the first instruction information when both the first condition and a third condition are met; and the third condition is that a quantity of second-type terminals is greater than a first quantity threshold; wherein the power control information is specifically configured as the second instruction information when both the first condition and a fourth condition are met; and the fourth condition is that a quantity of second-type terminals is less than a second quantity threshold. obtaining, by a terminal, power control information; and adjusting, by the terminal, signal transmit power based on a type of the terminal according to an instruction of the power control information, and transmitting a signal by using adjusted signal transmit power, wherein the type of the terminal is a first type or a second type; and the power control information is configured as first instruction information and/or second instruction information when a first condition is met, the first instruction information is used to instruct a first-type terminal to increase signal transmit power, the second instruction information is used to instruct a second-type terminal to decrease signal transmit power, and the first condition is that the first-type terminal and the second-type terminal share a resource pool, characterized in that the power control information is specifically configured as the first instruction information and/or the second instruction information when both the first condition and a second condition are met; and the second condition is that the first-type terminal and the second-type terminal transmit signals in a same time interval through frequency resource multiplexing; wherein the power control information is specifically configured as the first instruction information when both the first condition and a third condition are met; and the third condition is that a quantity of second-type terminals is greater than a first quantity threshold; wherein the power control information is specifically configured as the second instruction information when both the first condition and a fourth condition are met; and the fourth condition is that a quantity of second-type terminals is less than a second quantity threshold.