An X-ray inspection apparatus comprising: an X-ray emitter configured to emit an X-ray; an X-ray detector configured to detect the X-ray; and an air-guiding unit (40, 61, 62) configured to guide air to at least part of the X-ray detector; a conveyance unit configured to convey an article along a conveying direction from a carry-in port to a carry-out port via an inspection area; a controller configured to control operation of each component of the X-ray inspection apparatus; a housing accommodating the conveyance unit, the X-ray emitter, the X-ray detector, and the controller; wherein the X-ray inspection apparatus is configured to generate an X-ray transmission image of the article while conveying the article, and perform inspection of the article on the basis of the X-ray transmission image; inside the housing, an inspection area where the article is inspected with the X-ray is provided, and the carry-in port through which the article is conveyed into the inspection area and the carry-out port through which the article is carried out from the inspection area are formed; the air-guiding unit (40, 61, 62) includes a cold-air blower and a flow passage (61, 62); and the cold-air blower is configured to: draw air inside the housing and outside the housing from air inlets, exchange heat of the drawn air with a heat exchanger, and supply the air cooled by the heat exchanger from a supply port into the housing; characterized in that the air-guiding unit (40, 61, 62) guides the air such that the cold air discharged from the cold-air blower flows into the flow passage (61, 62) facing part of the X-ray detector. an X-ray emitter configured to emit an X-ray; an X-ray detector configured to detect the X-ray; and an air-guiding unit (40, 61, 62) configured to guide air to at least part of the X-ray detector; a conveyance unit configured to convey an article along a conveying direction from a carry-in port to a carry-out port via an inspection area; a controller configured to control operation of each component of the X-ray inspection apparatus; a housing accommodating the conveyance unit, the X-ray emitter, the X-ray detector, and the controller; wherein the X-ray inspection apparatus is configured to generate an X-ray transmission image of the article while conveying the article, and perform inspection of the article on the basis of the X-ray transmission image; inside the housing, an inspection area where the article is inspected with the X-ray is provided, and the carry-in port through which the article is conveyed into the inspection area and the carry-out port through which the article is carried out from the inspection area are formed; the air-guiding unit (40, 61, 62) includes a cold-air blower and a flow passage (61, 62); and the cold-air blower is configured to: draw air inside the housing and outside the housing from air inlets, exchange heat of the drawn air with a heat exchanger, and supply the air cooled by the heat exchanger from a supply port into the housing; draw air inside the housing and outside the housing from air inlets, exchange heat of the drawn air with a heat exchanger, and supply the air cooled by the heat exchanger from a supply port into the housing; characterized in that the air-guiding unit (40, 61, 62) guides the air such that the cold air discharged from the cold-air blower flows into the flow passage (61, 62) facing part of the X-ray detector.