A method for diagnosing or aiding in the diagnosis of a kidney-associated disease or condition, or assessing the risk of developing the kidney-associated disease or condition, or prognosing or aiding in the prognosis of the kidney-associated disease or condition, in a subject comprising: a) preparing a first profile of one or more markers of the disease or condition by detecting the one or more markers from a population of the subject's phagocytic cells; and b) preparing a second profile of at least one of the one or more markers by detecting at least one of the one or more markers from a population of the subject's non-phagocytic cells; and c) identifying a difference between the first profile of at least one or more of said markers from said phagocytic cells and the second profile of at least one or more of said markers from said non-phagocytic cells; wherein the difference identified in c) is indicative of the presence of said disease or condition, or the risk of developing said disease or condition, or the prognosis of said disease or condition, in the subject, and wherein the kidney-associated disease or condition is selected from the group consisting of chronic kidney disease, non-diabetic kidney diseases, glomerulonephritis, interstitial nephritis, diabetic kidney diseases, diabetic nephropathy, glomerulosclerosis, rapid progressive glomerulonephritis, renal fibrosis, Alport syndrome, IDDM nephritis, mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis, crescentic glomerulonephritis, renal interstitial fibrosis, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, membranous nephropathy, minimal change disease, IgA nephropathy, polycystic kidney disease, Dent's disease, Heymann nephritis, autosomal dominant (adult) polycystic kidney disease, autosomal recessive (childhood) polycystic kidney disease, acute kidney injury, nephrotic syndrome, renal ischemia, podocyte diseases or disorders, glomerular diseases, membranous glomerulonephritis, focal segmental glomerulonephritis, pre-eclampsia, eclampsia, benign orthostatic (postural) proteinuria, IgM nephropathy, sarcoidosis, diabetes mellitus, kidney damage due to drugs, Fabry's disease, aminoaciduria, Fanconi syndrome, hypertensive nephrosclerosis, Sickle cell disease, hemoglobinuria, myoglobinuria, Wegener's Granulomatosis, Glycogen Storage Disease Type 1, nephroangiosclerosis, lupus nephritis, ANCA-positive pauci-immune crescentic glomerulonephritis, chronic allograft nephropathy, nephrotoxicity, renal toxicity, glomerular and tubular injury, nephritic syndrome, acute renal failure, proximal tubal dysfunction, acute kidney transplant rejection, non IgA mesangioproliferative glomerulonephritis, renal transplant failure, Dent's disease, a collapsing glomerulopathy, a dense deposit disease, a cryoglobulinemia-associated glomerulonephritis, an Henoch-Schónlein disease, a microscopic polyangitis, a Churg-Strauss syndrome, an anti-GBM-antibody mediated glomerulonephritis, amyloidosis, a monoclonal immunoglobulin deposition disease, fibrillary glomerulonephritis, immunotactoid glomerulopathy, ischemic tubular injury, a medication-induced tubulo-interstitial nephritis, a toxic tubulo-interstitial nephritis, a metabolic-induced tubulo-interstitial disease, a cast nephropathy, a crystal nephropathy which may result from urate or oxalate or drug-induced crystal deposition, an acute cellular tubulo-interstitial allograft rejection, an obstructive disease of the kidney, vascular disease, a thrombotic microangiopathy, nephroangiosclerosis, atheroembolic disease, a polyarteritis nodosa, a calcineurin-inhibitor induced- vascular disease, acute cellular vascular allograft rejection, acute humoral allograft rejection, early renal function decline (ERFD), end stage renal disease (ESRD), renal vein thrombosis, acute tubular necrosis, acute interstitial nephritis, renal artery stenosis, ischemic nephropathy, uremia, drug and toxin-induced chronic tubulointerstitial nephritis, reflux nephropathy, kidney stones, Goodpasture's syndrome, and hydronephrosis. a) preparing a first profile of one or more markers of the disease or condition by detecting the one or more markers from a population of the subject's phagocytic cells; and b) preparing a second profile of at least one of the one or more markers by detecting at least one of the one or more markers from a population of the subject's non-phagocytic cells; and c) identifying a difference between the first profile of at least one or more of said markers from said phagocytic cells and the second profile of at least one or more of said markers from said non-phagocytic cells;