A data transmission method, characterized in that, the method comprises: receiving, by a terminal, Media Access Control, MAC, signaling sent from a base station, the MAC signaling being configured to activate beam indication information respectively corresponding to n antenna panels, wherein the beam indication information corresponding to one of the n antenna panels is configured to indicate a corresponding beam when data transmission is performed by using the antenna panel, and the MAC signaling has an information element added and configured to instruct the terminal to activate the n antenna panels, where n is a positive integer; receiving, by the terminal, Downlink Control Information, DCI, sent from the base station, beam indication bits included in the DCI being configured to indicate target beam indication information respectively corresponding to the n antenna panels, wherein the target beam indication information corresponding to a target antenna panel included in the n antenna panels is one of a plurality of beam indication information corresponding to the target antenna panel activated by the MAC signaling; searching, by the terminal, in a preset mapping relationship corresponding to the n antenna panels to acquire beam indication information corresponding to the beam indication bits as the target beam indication information respectively corresponding to the n antenna panels; determining, by the terminal, according to the target beam indication information corresponding to the target antenna panel, a corresponding target beam when data transmission is performed by using the target antenna panel; and performing, by the terminal, data transmission with the base station by using the target beam corresponding to the target antenna panel, wherein the terminal comprises a first antenna panel and a second antenna panel, a first part of the beam indication bits in the preset mapping relationship are configured to indicate target beam indication information corresponding to the first antenna panel; a second part of the beam indication bits in the preset mapping relationship are configured to indicate target beam indication information corresponding to the second antenna panel; and a third part of the beam indication bits in the preset mapping relationship are configured to indicate target beam indication information corresponding to the first antenna panel and target beam indication information corresponding to the second antenna panel. receiving, by a terminal, Media Access Control, MAC, signaling sent from a base station, the MAC signaling being configured to activate beam indication information respectively corresponding to n antenna panels, wherein the beam indication information corresponding to one of the n antenna panels is configured to indicate a corresponding beam when data transmission is performed by using the antenna panel, and the MAC signaling has an information element added and configured to instruct the terminal to activate the n antenna panels, where n is a positive integer; receiving, by the terminal, Downlink Control Information, DCI, sent from the base station, beam indication bits included in the DCI being configured to indicate target beam indication information respectively corresponding to the n antenna panels, wherein the target beam indication information corresponding to a target antenna panel included in the n antenna panels is one of a plurality of beam indication information corresponding to the target antenna panel activated by the MAC signaling; searching, by the terminal, in a preset mapping relationship corresponding to the n antenna panels to acquire beam indication information corresponding to the beam indication bits as the target beam indication information respectively corresponding to the n antenna panels; determining, by the terminal, according to the target beam indication information corresponding to the target antenna panel, a corresponding target beam when data transmission is performed by using the target antenna panel; and performing, by the terminal, data transmission with the base station by using the target beam corresponding to the target antenna panel, wherein the terminal comprises a first antenna panel and a second antenna panel, a first part of the beam indication bits in the preset mapping relationship are configured to indicate target beam indication information corresponding to the first antenna panel; a second part of the beam indication bits in the preset mapping relationship are configured to indicate target beam indication information corresponding to the second antenna panel; and a third part of the beam indication bits in the preset mapping relationship are configured to indicate target beam indication information corresponding to the first antenna panel and target beam indication information corresponding to the second antenna panel.