A position detector comprising: a scale section made of a magnetic material and recorded with a pattern repeated at a uniform pitch λ on a surface; and a sensor section provided independently from the scale section, the sensor section comprises: a magnetic position sensor provided on a surface of the sensor section close to the surface of the scale section to read the pattern; and a magnetic tilt sensor comprising a plurality of magnetic distance sensor elements (16, 17) comprising coils to detect a distance to the surface of the scale section by an average amount of magnetic flux in a section having a width of integer multiples of the pitch λ; wherein the plurality of distance sensor elements (16, 17) are arranged on the surface on which the position sensor is located in positions apart from one another along a relative movement direction with respect to the scale section to detect the tilt between the surface of the scale section and the surface of the sensor section on which the position sensor is located based on distance information of the plurality of distance sensor elements (16, 17), wherein the sensor section has an exciting unit that comprises an E-shaped core with three surfaces each having a width of integer multiples of the pitch λ and generates an AC magnetic flux to the surface of the scale section. a scale section made of a magnetic material and recorded with a pattern repeated at a uniform pitch λ on a surface; and a sensor section provided independently from the scale section, the sensor section comprises: a magnetic position sensor provided on a surface of the sensor section close to the surface of the scale section to read the pattern; and a magnetic tilt sensor comprising a plurality of magnetic distance sensor elements (16, 17) comprising coils to detect a distance to the surface of the scale section by an average amount of magnetic flux in a section having a width of integer multiples of the pitch λ; wherein the plurality of distance sensor elements (16, 17) are arranged on the surface on which the position sensor is located in positions apart from one another along a relative movement direction with respect to the scale section to detect the tilt between the surface of the scale section and the surface of the sensor section on which the position sensor is located based on distance information of the plurality of distance sensor elements (16, 17), wherein the sensor section has an exciting unit that comprises an E-shaped core with three surfaces each having a width of integer multiples of the pitch λ and generates an AC magnetic flux to the surface of the scale section. a magnetic position sensor provided on a surface of the sensor section close to the surface of the scale section to read the pattern; and a magnetic tilt sensor comprising a plurality of magnetic distance sensor elements (16, 17) comprising coils to detect a distance to the surface of the scale section by an average amount of magnetic flux in a section having a width of integer multiples of the pitch λ; wherein the plurality of distance sensor elements (16, 17) are arranged on the surface on which the position sensor is located in positions apart from one another along a relative movement direction with respect to the scale section to detect the tilt between the surface of the scale section and the surface of the sensor section on which the position sensor is located based on distance information of the plurality of distance sensor elements (16, 17), wherein the sensor section has an exciting unit that comprises an E-shaped core with three surfaces each having a width of integer multiples of the pitch λ and generates an AC magnetic flux to the surface of the scale section.