A lead comprising: an elongated body; and one or more electrodes located along the elongated body, wherein each electrode of the one or more electrodes comprises: a cylindrical electrode portion extending along an axis from a proximal end to a distal end and comprising a body-contacting outer surface and an inner surface, wherein the cylindrical eléctrode portion comprises conductive material,and a circuit portion extending along and conforming to at least a portion of the inner surface of the cylindrical electrode portion the circuit portion further comprising, within the cylindrical electrode portion, an isolation substrate contacting at least a portion of the inner surface of the cylindrical electrode portion, a first contact electrically isolated from the cylindrical electrode portion by the isolation substrate and a second contact electrically isolated from the cylindrical electrode portion by the isolation substrate, characterized in that the circuit portion further comprises an integrated circuit extending along and conforming to at least a portion of the inner surface of the cylindrical electrode portion, the integrated circuit electrically coupled to the first contact, the second contact, and the cylindrical electrode portion. an elongated body; and one or more electrodes located along the elongated body, wherein each electrode of the one or more electrodes comprises: a cylindrical electrode portion extending along an axis from a proximal end to a distal end and comprising a body-contacting outer surface and an inner surface, wherein the cylindrical eléctrode portion comprises conductive material,and a circuit portion extending along and conforming to at least a portion of the inner surface of the cylindrical electrode portion the circuit portion further comprising, within the cylindrical electrode portion, an isolation substrate contacting at least a portion of the inner surface of the cylindrical electrode portion, a first contact electrically isolated from the cylindrical electrode portion by the isolation substrate and a second contact electrically isolated from the cylindrical electrode portion by the isolation substrate, characterized in that the circuit portion further comprises an integrated circuit extending along and conforming to at least a portion of the inner surface of the cylindrical electrode portion, the integrated circuit electrically coupled to the first contact, the second contact, and the cylindrical electrode portion. a cylindrical electrode portion extending along an axis from a proximal end to a distal end and comprising a body-contacting outer surface and an inner surface, wherein the cylindrical eléctrode portion comprises conductive material,and a circuit portion extending along and conforming to at least a portion of the inner surface of the cylindrical electrode portion the circuit portion further comprising, within the cylindrical electrode portion, an isolation substrate contacting at least a portion of the inner surface of the cylindrical electrode portion, a first contact electrically isolated from the cylindrical electrode portion by the isolation substrate and a second contact electrically isolated from the cylindrical electrode portion by the isolation substrate, characterized in that the circuit portion further comprises an integrated circuit extending along and conforming to at least a portion of the inner surface of the cylindrical electrode portion, the integrated circuit electrically coupled to the first contact, the second contact, and the cylindrical electrode portion.