A power supply circuit, comprising a first input end, a second input end, a first output end, a second output end, a first voltage conversion circuit, a rectifier circuit, a second voltage conversion circuit, and an energy storage module, wherein an input end of the first voltage conversion circuit is used as the first input end of the power supply circuit, the first input end of the power supply circuit is configured to connect to an output end of a solar panel, a first output end of the first voltage conversion circuit is used as the first output end of the power supply circuit, the first output end of the power supply circuit is configured to connect to a first power supply end of a monitoring chip, a second output end of the first voltage conversion circuit is connected to an input end of the energy storage module, and the first power supply end is configured to supply power to the entire monitoring chip; an input end of the rectifier circuit is used as the second input end of the power supply circuit, the second input end of the power supply circuit is configured to connect to at least one phase of alternating current of an alternating current power network, an output end of the rectifier circuit is connected to an input end of the second voltage conversion circuit, both an output end of the second voltage conversion circuit and an output end of the energy storage module are used as the second output end of the power supply circuit, the second output end of the power supply circuit is configured to connect to a second power supply end of the monitoring chip, and the second power supply end is configured to supply power to a real-time clock in the monitoring chip; and the first voltage conversion circuit is configured to convert a direct-current high voltage output by the solar panel into a working voltage of the monitoring chip, the rectifier circuit is configured to convert an alternating-current voltage of the at least one phase of alternating current of the alternating current power network into a direct-current voltage, the second voltage conversion circuit is configured to convert the direct-current voltage output by the rectifier circuit into a working voltage of the real-time clock in the monitoring chip, and a voltage output by the output end of the second voltage conversion circuit is higher than a voltage output by the output end of the energy storage module. an input end of the first voltage conversion circuit is used as the first input end of the power supply circuit, the first input end of the power supply circuit is configured to connect to an output end of a solar panel, a first output end of the first voltage conversion circuit is used as the first output end of the power supply circuit, the first output end of the power supply circuit is configured to connect to a first power supply end of a monitoring chip, a second output end of the first voltage conversion circuit is connected to an input end of the energy storage module, and the first power supply end is configured to supply power to the entire monitoring chip; an input end of the rectifier circuit is used as the second input end of the power supply circuit, the second input end of the power supply circuit is configured to connect to at least one phase of alternating current of an alternating current power network, an output end of the rectifier circuit is connected to an input end of the second voltage conversion circuit, both an output end of the second voltage conversion circuit and an output end of the energy storage module are used as the second output end of the power supply circuit, the second output end of the power supply circuit is configured to connect to a second power supply end of the monitoring chip, and the second power supply end is configured to supply power to a real-time clock in the monitoring chip; and the first voltage conversion circuit is configured to convert a direct-current high voltage output by the solar panel into a working voltage of the monitoring chip, the rectifier circuit is configured to convert an alternating-current voltage of the at least one phase of alternating current of the alternating current power network into a direct-current voltage, the second voltage conversion circuit is configured to convert the direct-current voltage output by the rectifier circuit into a working voltage of the real-time clock in the monitoring chip, and a voltage output by the output end of the second voltage conversion circuit is higher than a voltage output by the output end of the energy storage module.