A method of decoding a video, the method comprising: splitting an image into a plurality of maximum coding blocks based on size information of the maximum coding blocks parsed from a bitstream; hierarchically splitting one of the maximum coding blocks into at least one coding block by using a coding block split information parsed from a bitstream, determining at least one transformation block hierarchically split from a current coding block by using a transformation block split information parsed from the bitstream, parsing symbols of a current coding block from the bitstream; if a prefix symbol and a suffix symbol are classified from a symbol about a last significant coefficient location of a current transformation block based on a predetermined threshold value, performing context-based arithmetic decoding for the prefix symbol to obtain a prefix bitstring and performing bypass mode arithmetic decoding for the suffix symbol to obtain a suffix bitstring; obtaining an inverse-binarized prefix by performing inverse binarization on the prefix bitstring according to a truncated binarization method; obtaining an inverse-binarized suffix by performing inverse binarization on the suffix bitstring according to a fixed length method; reconstructing the last significant coefficient location of the current transformation block by using the inverse-binarized prefix and the inverse-binarized suffix; and restoring the image by performing inverse transformation on the current transformation block based on the reconstructed last significant coefficient location, wherein the context-based arithmetic decoding on the prefix symbol is performed by using a context index determined based on a size of the current transformation block and a location of a bit of the prefix bitstring, wherein the inverse-binarized prefix is obtained by decoding the prefix symbol, the inverse-binarized suffix is obtained by decoding the suffix symbol, the last significant coefficient location of the current transformation block is reconstructed by combining the inverse-binarized prefix and the inverse-binarized suffix, and the reconstructed last significant coefficient location of the current transformation block indicates a x coordinate of the last significant coefficient location in a direction of widths of the current transformation block or a y coordinate of the last significant coefficient location in a direction of heights of the current transformation block. splitting an image into a plurality of maximum coding blocks based on size information of the maximum coding blocks parsed from a bitstream; hierarchically splitting one of the maximum coding blocks into at least one coding block by using a coding block split information parsed from a bitstream, determining at least one transformation block hierarchically split from a current coding block by using a transformation block split information parsed from the bitstream, parsing symbols of a current coding block from the bitstream; if a prefix symbol and a suffix symbol are classified from a symbol about a last significant coefficient location of a current transformation block based on a predetermined threshold value, performing context-based arithmetic decoding for the prefix symbol to obtain a prefix bitstring and performing bypass mode arithmetic decoding for the suffix symbol to obtain a suffix bitstring; obtaining an inverse-binarized prefix by performing inverse binarization on the prefix bitstring according to a truncated binarization method; obtaining an inverse-binarized suffix by performing inverse binarization on the suffix bitstring according to a fixed length method; reconstructing the last significant coefficient location of the current transformation block by using the inverse-binarized prefix and the inverse-binarized suffix; and restoring the image by performing inverse transformation on the current transformation block based on the reconstructed last significant coefficient location, wherein the context-based arithmetic decoding on the prefix symbol is performed by using a context index determined based on a size of the current transformation block and a location of a bit of the prefix bitstring, wherein the inverse-binarized prefix is obtained by decoding the prefix symbol, the inverse-binarized suffix is obtained by decoding the suffix symbol, the last significant coefficient location of the current transformation block is reconstructed by combining the inverse-binarized prefix and the inverse-binarized suffix, and the reconstructed last significant coefficient location of the current transformation block indicates a x coordinate of the last significant coefficient location in a direction of widths of the current transformation block or a y coordinate of the last significant coefficient location in a direction of heights of the current transformation block.