A surgical kit for use in treating or relieving pain at an exposed incision site, comprising: a prefilled syringe 300 filled with a temperature-responsive viscous solution acting as a stabilization matrix for a pain relief or treatment drug, the prefilled syringe having a structure which is opened and closed by a stopper; and a mixture solution injection guide tube 100 configured to inject a mixture solution containing the pain relief or treatment drug and the temperature-responsive viscous solution in close proximity to the exposed incision site, wherein the temperature-responsive viscous solution comprises 30 to 40 wt% of a poly(ethylene oxide)/poly(propylene oxide)/poly(ethylene oxide) triblock copolymer containing a poly(ethylene oxide) block and the poly(propylene oxide) block at a ratio of 90:105 to 50:70, and the balance of water for injection, and has a viscosity of 50 to 5,000 cps at 5°C, a viscosity of 1,000,000 to 4,000,000 cps (1 cps corresponds to 1 mPA·s) at 37 °C, and a stickiness of 0.8 N or higher measured using a rotational rheometer at 5°C, wherein the pain relief or treatment drug is used as an aqueous drug solution, and wherein: when the pH of the aqueous drug solution is 4-8, the volume ratio between aqueous drug solution and temperature-sensitive viscous solution is 1:0.5 to 5 (aqueous drug solution: temperature-responsive viscous solution), and when the pH of the aqueous drug solution is 1 to less than 4, the volume ratio between the aqueous drug solution and temperature sensitive viscous solution is 1:4 to 40 (aqueous drug solution: temperature-responsive viscous solution), and wherein the temperature-responsive viscous solution contains an ionically crosslinked alginate in an amount of 0.05 to 3 wt% of the temperature-responsive viscous solution, and wherein the drug is a pain relief drug selected from a local anesthetic, an opiate analgesic, a nonsteroidal drug, and wherein the aqueous drug solution and the temperature-responsive viscous solution are combined to give a final drug mixture with a concentration in the range of 0.1 to 0.5 wt%; and wherein viscosity is measured with a Brookfield viscometer under conditions of #4 spindle at 5°C and #7 spindle at 37°C in accordance with method 2 (rotational viscometer method) described in the Korean Pharmacopoeia. wherein the temperature-responsive viscous solution comprises 30 to 40 wt% of a poly(ethylene oxide)/poly(propylene oxide)/poly(ethylene oxide) triblock copolymer containing a poly(ethylene oxide) block and the poly(propylene oxide) block at a ratio of 90:105 to 50:70, and the balance of water for injection, and has a viscosity of 50 to 5,000 cps at 5°C, a viscosity of 1,000,000 to 4,000,000 cps (1 cps corresponds to 1 mPA·s) at 37 °C, and a stickiness of 0.8 N or higher measured using a rotational rheometer at 5°C, wherein the pain relief or treatment drug is used as an aqueous drug solution, and wherein: when the pH of the aqueous drug solution is 4-8, the volume ratio between aqueous drug solution and temperature-sensitive viscous solution is 1:0.5 to 5 (aqueous drug solution: temperature-responsive viscous solution), and when the pH of the aqueous drug solution is 1 to less than 4, the volume ratio between the aqueous drug solution and temperature sensitive viscous solution is 1:4 to 40 (aqueous drug solution: temperature-responsive viscous solution), and wherein the temperature-responsive viscous solution contains an ionically crosslinked alginate in an amount of 0.05 to 3 wt% of the temperature-responsive viscous solution, and wherein the drug is a pain relief drug selected from a local anesthetic, an opiate analgesic, a nonsteroidal drug, and wherein the aqueous drug solution and the temperature-responsive viscous solution are combined to give a final drug mixture with a concentration in the range of 0.1 to 0.5 wt%; and wherein viscosity is measured with a Brookfield viscometer under conditions of #4 spindle at 5°C and #7 spindle at 37°C in accordance with method 2 (rotational viscometer method) described in the Korean Pharmacopoeia. when the pH of the aqueous drug solution is 4-8, the volume ratio between aqueous drug solution and temperature-sensitive viscous solution is 1:0.5 to 5 (aqueous drug solution: temperature-responsive viscous solution), and when the pH of the aqueous drug solution is 1 to less than 4, the volume ratio between the aqueous drug solution and temperature sensitive viscous solution is 1:4 to 40 (aqueous drug solution: temperature-responsive viscous solution), and wherein the temperature-responsive viscous solution contains an ionically crosslinked alginate in an amount of 0.05 to 3 wt% of the temperature-responsive viscous solution, and wherein the drug is a pain relief drug selected from a local anesthetic, an opiate analgesic, a nonsteroidal drug, and wherein the aqueous drug solution and the temperature-responsive viscous solution are combined to give a final drug mixture with a concentration in the range of 0.1 to 0.5 wt%; and wherein viscosity is measured with a Brookfield viscometer under conditions of #4 spindle at 5°C and #7 spindle at 37°C in accordance with method 2 (rotational viscometer method) described in the Korean Pharmacopoeia.