Cosmetic composition comprising: - one or more anionic surfactants of carboxylate type, chosen from the compounds of formula: R- (OCH2CH2)nW- p-COOX with Y1 denoting a hydrogen atom or a group qCOOX or a hydroxyl group; W denoting an oxygen atom, a group (O-Glu-O)r-(COCH -(C COOX)t)s or a group CO-NR1; Y2 denoting a hydrogen atom or a hydroxyl group; R1 denoting a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; X denoting a hydrogen atom, an ammonium ion, an ion derived from an alkali metal or an alkaline-earth metal or an ion derived from an organic amine; R denoting a linear or branched, preferably linear, alkyl group comprising from 7 to 29 carbon atoms, preferably from 9 to 21 carbon atoms and better still from 11 to 17 carbon atoms, and more preferentially R denotes a linear alkyl group comprising 11 carbon atoms; Glu denoting a divalent radical derived from glucopyranose with removal of two hydroxyl groups; p being equal to 0 or 1; q being an integer ranging from 1 to 10; n being an integer ranging from 0 to 50; r denoting a number ranging from 1 to 10; s being equal to 0 or 1; t being equal to 0 or 1, in a content of greater than or equal to 3% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition, - one or more anionic surfactants of (C8-C22) acylisethionate type, in a content ranging from 2.5% to 8% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition, - one or more nonionic surfactant(s), and - one or more cationic polymers; wherein the weight ratio between the amount of said surfactant(s) of carboxylate type of formula and the amount of said surfactant(s) of (C8-C22)acylisethionate type ranges from 0.5 to 2, and the composition comprises one or more anionic surfactant(s) of carboxylate type of formula in which Y1 denotes a hydrogen atom or a hydroxyl group, and W, Y2, R1, R, Glu, p, n, r, s and t are as defined previously. - one or more anionic surfactants of carboxylate type, chosen from the compounds of formula: R- (OCH2CH2)nW- p-COOX with Y1 denoting a hydrogen atom or a group qCOOX or a hydroxyl group; W denoting an oxygen atom, a group (O-Glu-O)r-(COCH -(C COOX)t)s or a group CO-NR1; Y2 denoting a hydrogen atom or a hydroxyl group; R1 denoting a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; X denoting a hydrogen atom, an ammonium ion, an ion derived from an alkali metal or an alkaline-earth metal or an ion derived from an organic amine; R denoting a linear or branched, preferably linear, alkyl group comprising from 7 to 29 carbon atoms, preferably from 9 to 21 carbon atoms and better still from 11 to 17 carbon atoms, and more preferentially R denotes a linear alkyl group comprising 11 carbon atoms; Glu denoting a divalent radical derived from glucopyranose with removal of two hydroxyl groups; p being equal to 0 or 1; q being an integer ranging from 1 to 10; n being an integer ranging from 0 to 50; r denoting a number ranging from 1 to 10; s being equal to 0 or 1; t being equal to 0 or 1, in a content of greater than or equal to 3% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition, Y1 denoting a hydrogen atom or a group qCOOX or a hydroxyl group; W denoting an oxygen atom, a group (O-Glu-O)r-(COCH -(C COOX)t)s or a group CO-NR1; Y2 denoting a hydrogen atom or a hydroxyl group; R1 denoting a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; X denoting a hydrogen atom, an ammonium ion, an ion derived from an alkali metal or an alkaline-earth metal or an ion derived from an organic amine; R denoting a linear or branched, preferably linear, alkyl group comprising from 7 to 29 carbon atoms, preferably from 9 to 21 carbon atoms and better still from 11 to 17 carbon atoms, and more preferentially R denotes a linear alkyl group comprising 11 carbon atoms; Glu denoting a divalent radical derived from glucopyranose with removal of two hydroxyl groups; p being equal to 0 or 1; q being an integer ranging from 1 to 10; n being an integer ranging from 0 to 50; r denoting a number ranging from 1 to 10; s being equal to 0 or 1; t being equal to 0 or 1, - one or more anionic surfactants of (C8-C22) acylisethionate type, in a content ranging from 2.5% to 8% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition, - one or more nonionic surfactant(s), and - one or more cationic polymers;