A magnetic disk management method, wherein the magnetic disk management method is applicable to a distributed storage architecture based on a shingled magnetic disk, the distributed storage architecture of the shingled magnetic disk comprises: an engine layer, an encapsulation layer and a magnetic disk layer; wherein the engine layer stores a plurality of space files and a plurality of space file index items corresponding to the plurality of space files one by one, an embedded database is adopted to store the space file index items so as to record configuration information, the configuration information comprises a file address and a size of each space file, and each space file is relatively independent; the encapsulation layer stores a file directory tree for representing a structure of the plurality of space files; and the magnetic disk layer comprises a plurality of magnetic disk spaces, and the plurality of space files have a one-to-one correspondence to the plurality of magnetic disk spaces, and a space size of each space file is fixed and consistent with a size of a corresponding magnetic disk space in the magnetic disk layer; the magnetic disk management method comprises: displaying the file directory tree to users through an external interface of the engine layer; in response to a data management operation performed for a target space file of the file directory tree output by the external interface of the engine layer and triggered by the users, determining a file address of the target space file through space file index items in the engine layer; transparently transmitting, through the engine layer, the data management operation and the file address of the target space file to the encapsulation layer; determining a space address of a target magnetic disk space corresponding to the file address of the target space file through an address association list in the encapsulation layer; wherein the address association list comprises an address corresponding relationship between each space file and a corresponding magnetic disk space; and performing data management on data in the target magnetic disk space through the space address of the target magnetic disk space determined by the encapsulation layer. wherein the engine layer stores a plurality of space files and a plurality of space file index items corresponding to the plurality of space files one by one, an embedded database is adopted to store the space file index items so as to record configuration information, the configuration information comprises a file address and a size of each space file, and each space file is relatively independent; the encapsulation layer stores a file directory tree for representing a structure of the plurality of space files; and the magnetic disk layer comprises a plurality of magnetic disk spaces, and the plurality of space files have a one-to-one correspondence to the plurality of magnetic disk spaces, and a space size of each space file is fixed and consistent with a size of a corresponding magnetic disk space in the magnetic disk layer; the magnetic disk management method comprises: displaying the file directory tree to users through an external interface of the engine layer; in response to a data management operation performed for a target space file of the file directory tree output by the external interface of the engine layer and triggered by the users, determining a file address of the target space file through space file index items in the engine layer; transparently transmitting, through the engine layer, the data management operation and the file address of the target space file to the encapsulation layer; determining a space address of a target magnetic disk space corresponding to the file address of the target space file through an address association list in the encapsulation layer; wherein the address association list comprises an address corresponding relationship between each space file and a corresponding magnetic disk space; and performing data management on data in the target magnetic disk space through the space address of the target magnetic disk space determined by the encapsulation layer. displaying the file directory tree to users through an external interface of the engine layer; in response to a data management operation performed for a target space file of the file directory tree output by the external interface of the engine layer and triggered by the users, determining a file address of the target space file through space file index items in the engine layer; transparently transmitting, through the engine layer, the data management operation and the file address of the target space file to the encapsulation layer; determining a space address of a target magnetic disk space corresponding to the file address of the target space file through an address association list in the encapsulation layer; wherein the address association list comprises an address corresponding relationship between each space file and a corresponding magnetic disk space; and performing data management on data in the target magnetic disk space through the space address of the target magnetic disk space determined by the encapsulation layer.