A system for generating pulse oximetry predictive scores (POPS) for predicting occurrence of a plurality of pathologies in a preterm infant; the plurality of pathologies comprising sepsis and necrotizing enterocolitis the system comprising a processor configured to: receive Heart Rate, pulse rate and oxygen saturation data collected from the preterm infant, via one or more sensors, to calculate, by at least one processor, at least mean and standard deviation of HR and SpO2, cross-correlation of HR and SpO2, HR decelerations, HR and SpO2 entropy, hypoxia and hyperoxia, wherein the calculations are made over different time periods specific to a pathology being predicted; the PR obtained from a pulse oximeter; generate, by the at least one processor, the POPS by using a predictive algorithm which incorporates cross-correlation of HR and SpO2 calculated on archived pulse oximetry data of multiple preterm infants to analyze the calculated data, wherein the POPS include a pulse oximetry warning score (POWS) based on the PR data obtained from the preterm infant, to calculate, by the at least one processor, mean SpO2, standard deviation of PR, and cross-correlation of PR and SpO2; output the POPS to a user; and based on the outputting, inform the user of an opportunity to perform an action selected from the group of: identifying the preterm infant as a highest risk infant and performing additional surveillance of or therapeutic intervention on the preterm infant; identifying the preterm infant for participation in a clinical trial based on a risk profile associated with the POPS; treating the preterm infant for late-onset sepsis and necrotizing enterocolitis; and diagnosing a condition of said preterm infant and initiating treatment of the preterm infant in dependence on the diagnosed condition. receive Heart Rate, pulse rate and oxygen saturation data collected from the preterm infant, via one or more sensors, to calculate, by at least one processor, at least mean and standard deviation of HR and SpO2, cross-correlation of HR and SpO2, HR decelerations, HR and SpO2 entropy, hypoxia and hyperoxia, wherein the calculations are made over different time periods specific to a pathology being predicted; the PR obtained from a pulse oximeter; generate, by the at least one processor, the POPS by using a predictive algorithm which incorporates cross-correlation of HR and SpO2 calculated on archived pulse oximetry data of multiple preterm infants to analyze the calculated data, wherein the POPS include a pulse oximetry warning score (POWS) based on the PR data obtained from the preterm infant, to calculate, by the at least one processor, mean SpO2, standard deviation of PR, and cross-correlation of PR and SpO2; output the POPS to a user; and based on the outputting, inform the user of an opportunity to perform an action selected from the group of: identifying the preterm infant as a highest risk infant and performing additional surveillance of or therapeutic intervention on the preterm infant; identifying the preterm infant for participation in a clinical trial based on a risk profile associated with the POPS; treating the preterm infant for late-onset sepsis and necrotizing enterocolitis; and diagnosing a condition of said preterm infant and initiating treatment of the preterm infant in dependence on the diagnosed condition.