A multi-band optical filter for affecting color vision, the filter comprising: a plurality of pass-bands and stop-bands partitioning the visible spectrum, including a first pass-band, a second pass-band, and a third pass-band interleaved with two stop-bands, wherein each pass-band has a center, a width, a lower band boundary equal to the center minus half the width, an upper band boundary equal to the center plus half the width, and a mean transmittance, each stop-band has a center, a width, a lower band boundary equal to the center minus half the width, an upper band boundary equal to the center plus half the width, and a mean transmittance, the lower band boundary of each interleaved stop-band is the same as the upper band boundary of an adjacent pass-band, the upper band boundary of each interleaved stop-band is the same as the lower band boundary of an adjacent pass-band, the first pass-band having a center located between about 435 nanometers and about 465 nanometers and a width of between about 20 and about 50 nanometers, the second pass-band having a center located between about 525 nanometers and about 555 nanometers and a width of between about 20 and about 40 nanometers, the third pass-band having a center located between about 610 nanometers and about 660 nanometers and a width of between about 30 and about 80 nanometers, each of the interleaved stop-bands has a mean transmittance that is less than one half of the mean transmittance of an adjacent pass-band and a width of at least about 40 nanometers, and the spectral transmittance of the filter within the stop-bands between about 580 nanometers and about 610 nanometers is at least about one fifth of the luminous transmittance of the filter, such that a shoulder is formed on the short wavelength side of the third pass-band, where luminous transmittance is the average spectral transmittance of light through the filter weighted by the CIE 1924 photopic luminosity function. a plurality of pass-bands and stop-bands partitioning the visible spectrum, including a first pass-band, a second pass-band, and a third pass-band interleaved with two stop-bands, wherein each pass-band has a center, a width, a lower band boundary equal to the center minus half the width, an upper band boundary equal to the center plus half the width, and a mean transmittance, each stop-band has a center, a width, a lower band boundary equal to the center minus half the width, an upper band boundary equal to the center plus half the width, and a mean transmittance, the lower band boundary of each interleaved stop-band is the same as the upper band boundary of an adjacent pass-band, the upper band boundary of each interleaved stop-band is the same as the lower band boundary of an adjacent pass-band, the first pass-band having a center located between about 435 nanometers and about 465 nanometers and a width of between about 20 and about 50 nanometers, the second pass-band having a center located between about 525 nanometers and about 555 nanometers and a width of between about 20 and about 40 nanometers, the third pass-band having a center located between about 610 nanometers and about 660 nanometers and a width of between about 30 and about 80 nanometers, each of the interleaved stop-bands has a mean transmittance that is less than one half of the mean transmittance of an adjacent pass-band and a width of at least about 40 nanometers, and the spectral transmittance of the filter within the stop-bands between about 580 nanometers and about 610 nanometers is at least about one fifth of the luminous transmittance of the filter, such that a shoulder is formed on the short wavelength side of the third pass-band, where luminous transmittance is the average spectral transmittance of light through the filter weighted by the CIE 1924 photopic luminosity function.