An apparatus that measures atmospheric conditions upstream of a position at which the apparatus is located relative to a wind direction; comprising: at least one substantially coherent energy source operatively connected to emit at least a first energy beam upstream of the apparatus position relative to a wind direction; a first LIDAR sensor operatively connected to detect scattered energy from the first energy beam directed upstream of the apparatus position; wherein the at least one substantially coherent energy source is operatively connected to emit the first energy beam along a plurality of lines of sight upstream of the apparatus position, at least one of the plurality of lines of sight being non-coplanar with the other lines of sight such that the processing circuit generates three-dimensional data on the atmospheric conditions upstream of the apparatus position, the apparatus further comprising: a processing circuit)60) that generates data on the atmospheric conditions upstream of the apparatus position in response to the scattered energy detected by the first LIDAR sensor and a Fabry-Perot interferometer for processing scattered energy data from the first LIDAR sensor; characterized in that the processing circuit is configured to generate the data on the atmospheric conditions on at least aerosol and molecular components of the atmospheric conditions based on the equation I φ = C A ψ A φ − 2 M 0 μ A / c + C M ψ M φ − 2 M 0 μ M / c, T where: CA is the total aerosol signal intensity, Ψ A, is the Fabry-Perot aerosol response, CM is the total molecular intensity, Ψ M is the Fabry Perot molecular response, φ is the order, T is the temperature, μ A is the aerosol velocity component μ M UM is the molecular velocity component, and Mo is the maximum order of the Fabry-Perot interferometer etalon. at least one substantially coherent energy source operatively connected to emit at least a first energy beam upstream of the apparatus position relative to a wind direction; a first LIDAR sensor operatively connected to detect scattered energy from the first energy beam directed upstream of the apparatus position; wherein the at least one substantially coherent energy source is operatively connected to emit the first energy beam along a plurality of lines of sight upstream of the apparatus position, at least one of the plurality of lines of sight being non-coplanar with the other lines of sight such that the processing circuit generates three-dimensional data on the atmospheric conditions upstream of the apparatus position, the apparatus further comprising: a processing circuit)60) that generates data on the atmospheric conditions upstream of the apparatus position in response to the scattered energy detected by the first LIDAR sensor and a Fabry-Perot interferometer for processing scattered energy data from the first LIDAR sensor; characterized in that the processing circuit is configured to generate the data on the atmospheric conditions on at least aerosol and molecular components of the atmospheric conditions based on the equation I φ = C A ψ A φ − 2 M 0 μ A / c + C M ψ M φ − 2 M 0 μ M / c, T where: CA is the total aerosol signal intensity, Ψ A, is the Fabry-Perot aerosol response, CM is the total molecular intensity, Ψ M is the Fabry Perot molecular response, φ is the order, T is the temperature, μ A is the aerosol velocity component μ M UM is the molecular velocity component, and Mo is the maximum order of the Fabry-Perot interferometer etalon. a processing circuit)60) that generates data on the atmospheric conditions upstream of the apparatus position in response to the scattered energy detected by the first LIDAR sensor and a Fabry-Perot interferometer for processing scattered energy data from the first LIDAR sensor; characterized in that the processing circuit is configured to generate the data on the atmospheric conditions on at least aerosol and molecular components of the atmospheric conditions based on the equation I φ = C A ψ A φ − 2 M 0 μ A / c + C M ψ M φ − 2 M 0 μ M / c, T where: CA is the total aerosol signal intensity, Ψ A, is the Fabry-Perot aerosol response, CM is the total molecular intensity, Ψ M is the Fabry Perot molecular response, φ is the order, T is the temperature, μ A is the aerosol velocity component μ M UM is the molecular velocity component, and Mo is the maximum order of the Fabry-Perot interferometer etalon. CA is the total aerosol signal intensity, Ψ A, is the Fabry-Perot aerosol response, CM is the total molecular intensity, Ψ M is the Fabry Perot molecular response, φ is the order, T is the temperature, μ A is the aerosol velocity component μ M UM is the molecular velocity component, and Mo is the maximum order of the Fabry-Perot interferometer etalon.