A surgical operating system, comprising: a master control unit, a control panel, a first operating instrument, a second operating instrument and a return electrode, wherein the master control unit comprises a central control unit, a high-frequency power module and a switch matrix, the high-frequency power module is connected to the central control unit and the switch matrix respectively, the high-frequency power module includes a monopolar output mode, a bipolar output mode and a monopolar-bipolar hybrid output mode, the central control unit is configured to receive a selected instruction output by the control panel and read mode information of an inbuilt chip of the operating instrument or a footswitch instruction, and the central control unit is configured to output a switch drive signal to the switch matrix to control the switch matrix to switch on and drive the first operating instrument, the second operating instrument and the return electrode in one of the modes, the surgical operating system works in the monopolar output mode, the bipolar output mode or the monopolar-bipolar hybrid output mode through the master control unit, when obtaining that an instruction for the monopolar-bipolar hybrid output mode is selected, controlling the first operating instrument to perform cutting and tissue coagulation actions; in the monopolar-bipolar hybrid output mode, when performing the cutting action, the master control unit enables, through a first set of control signals, the current to flow through a first operating end of the first operating instrument and then through human tissues to reach the return electrode to form a first current loop and complete the cutting action; in the monopolar-bipolar hybrid output mode, when performing the tissue coagulation action, the master control unit enables, through a second set of control signals, the current to flow through the first operating end of the first operating instrument and then through the tissue to be cut off to reach a second operating end of the first operating instrument to form a second current loop and complete the tissue coagulation action; when in the monopolar mode, the master control unit enables, through a third set of control signals, the current to flow through a third operating end of a second operating instrument and then through human tissues to reach the return electrode to form a third current loop and complete the cutting action and the tissue coagulation action; when in the bipolar mode, the master control unit enables, through a fourth set of control signals, the current to flow through the first operating end of the first operating instrument and then through human tissues to reach the second operating end of the first operating instrument to form a fourth current loop and complete the cutting action and the tissue coagulation action. a master control unit, a control panel, a first operating instrument, a second operating instrument and a return electrode, wherein the master control unit comprises a central control unit, a high-frequency power module and a switch matrix, the high-frequency power module is connected to the central control unit and the switch matrix respectively, the high-frequency power module includes a monopolar output mode, a bipolar output mode and a monopolar-bipolar hybrid output mode, the central control unit is configured to receive a selected instruction output by the control panel and read mode information of an inbuilt chip of the operating instrument or a footswitch instruction, and the central control unit is configured to output a switch drive signal to the switch matrix to control the switch matrix to switch on and drive the first operating instrument, the second operating instrument and the return electrode in one of the modes, the surgical operating system works in the monopolar output mode, the bipolar output mode or the monopolar-bipolar hybrid output mode through the master control unit, when obtaining that an instruction for the monopolar-bipolar hybrid output mode is selected, controlling the first operating instrument to perform cutting and tissue coagulation actions; in the monopolar-bipolar hybrid output mode, when performing the cutting action, the master control unit enables, through a first set of control signals, the current to flow through a first operating end of the first operating instrument and then through human tissues to reach the return electrode to form a first current loop and complete the cutting action; in the monopolar-bipolar hybrid output mode, when performing the tissue coagulation action, the master control unit enables, through a second set of control signals, the current to flow through the first operating end of the first operating instrument and then through the tissue to be cut off to reach a second operating end of the first operating instrument to form a second current loop and complete the tissue coagulation action; when in the monopolar mode, the master control unit enables, through a third set of control signals, the current to flow through a third operating end of a second operating instrument and then through human tissues to reach the return electrode to form a third current loop and complete the cutting action and the tissue coagulation action; when in the bipolar mode, the master control unit enables, through a fourth set of control signals, the current to flow through the first operating end of the first operating instrument and then through human tissues to reach the second operating end of the first operating instrument to form a fourth current loop and complete the cutting action and the tissue coagulation action.