An optical module structure, comprising: a substrate; an optical chip and an electrical chip that are fixedly connected to the substrate; and an optical coupling structure fixedly connected to the optical chip, wherein a side that is of the optical chip and that faces the substrate has a first reference plane, and at least one first alignment mark is provided on the first reference plane; and the optical coupling structure has a second reference plane, and at least one second alignment mark is provided on the second reference plane, wherein the first reference plane is aligned with the second reference plane, and the first alignment mark is aligned with the second alignment mark; wherein the optical coupling structure has a first vertical plane perpendicular to the second reference plane, and when the optical chip is optically coupled to the optical coupling structure, the first vertical plane is aligned with an end face on a side that is of the optical chip and that faces the optical coupling structure; wherein the optical coupling structure and the optical chip are coupled through edge coupling, wherein an optical waveguide in the optical coupling structure is coupled to an optical waveguide in the optical chip by using a first end face of the optical chip and the first vertical plane of the optical coupling structure, wherein a waveguide direction that is of the optical waveguide in the optical chip and that is at a coupling location faces the first vertical plane, and a waveguide direction that is of the optical waveguide in the optical coupling structure and that is at the coupling location is parallel and opposite to the waveguide direction that is of the optical waveguide in the optical chip and that is at the coupling location; wherein a light source chip is fastened on the side that is of the optical chip and that faces the substrate, there is a first groove on a surface on a side that is of the substrate and that faces the optical chip, and the light source chip is located in the first groove. a substrate; an optical chip and an electrical chip that are fixedly connected to the substrate; and an optical coupling structure fixedly connected to the optical chip, wherein a side that is of the optical chip and that faces the substrate has a first reference plane, and at least one first alignment mark is provided on the first reference plane; and the optical coupling structure has a second reference plane, and at least one second alignment mark is provided on the second reference plane, wherein the first reference plane is aligned with the second reference plane, and the first alignment mark is aligned with the second alignment mark; wherein the optical coupling structure has a first vertical plane perpendicular to the second reference plane, and when the optical chip is optically coupled to the optical coupling structure, the first vertical plane is aligned with an end face on a side that is of the optical chip and that faces the optical coupling structure; wherein the optical coupling structure and the optical chip are coupled through edge coupling, wherein an optical waveguide in the optical coupling structure is coupled to an optical waveguide in the optical chip by using a first end face of the optical chip and the first vertical plane of the optical coupling structure, wherein a waveguide direction that is of the optical waveguide in the optical chip and that is at a coupling location faces the first vertical plane, and a waveguide direction that is of the optical waveguide in the optical coupling structure and that is at the coupling location is parallel and opposite to the waveguide direction that is of the optical waveguide in the optical chip and that is at the coupling location; wherein a light source chip is fastened on the side that is of the optical chip and that faces the substrate, there is a first groove on a surface on a side that is of the substrate and that faces the optical chip, and the light source chip is located in the first groove.