A surgical system (400, 500) comprising: (a) a surgical instrument (404, 504), comprising: (i) a body (420, 520), (ii) an ultrasonic transducer (410, 510) supported by the body, (iii) a shaft extending distally from the body, and (iv) an end effector arranged at a distal end of the shaft, wherein the end effector is operable to treat tissue with ultrasonic energy; (b) an accessory device configured to releasably couple with the surgical instrument and operatively couple the surgical instrument with a generator, wherein the generator is operable to power the surgical instrument to provide ultrasonic energy; (c) a primary electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM) (704, 804) provided within the body of the surgical instrument, wherein the primary EEPROM is operable to track usage of the body; and (d) at least one of (i) an accessory EEPROM integrated into the accessory device, wherein the accessory EEPROM is operable to track usage of the accessory device independent of the primary EEPROM operable to track usage of the body, or (ii) a transducer EEPROM integrated into the ultrasonic transducer, wherein the transducer EEPROM is operable to track usage of the ultrasonic transducer independent of the primary EEPROM operable to track usage of the body. (a) a surgical instrument (404, 504), comprising: (i) a body (420, 520), (ii) an ultrasonic transducer (410, 510) supported by the body, (iii) a shaft extending distally from the body, and (iv) an end effector arranged at a distal end of the shaft, wherein the end effector is operable to treat tissue with ultrasonic energy; (i) a body (420, 520), (ii) an ultrasonic transducer (410, 510) supported by the body, (iii) a shaft extending distally from the body, and (iv) an end effector arranged at a distal end of the shaft, wherein the end effector is operable to treat tissue with ultrasonic energy; (b) an accessory device configured to releasably couple with the surgical instrument and operatively couple the surgical instrument with a generator, wherein the generator is operable to power the surgical instrument to provide ultrasonic energy; (c) a primary electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM) (704, 804) provided within the body of the surgical instrument, wherein the primary EEPROM is operable to track usage of the body; and (d) at least one of (i) an accessory EEPROM integrated into the accessory device, wherein the accessory EEPROM is operable to track usage of the accessory device independent of the primary EEPROM operable to track usage of the body, or (ii) a transducer EEPROM integrated into the ultrasonic transducer, wherein the transducer EEPROM is operable to track usage of the ultrasonic transducer independent of the primary EEPROM operable to track usage of the body. (i) an accessory EEPROM integrated into the accessory device, wherein the accessory EEPROM is operable to track usage of the accessory device independent of the primary EEPROM operable to track usage of the body, or (ii) a transducer EEPROM integrated into the ultrasonic transducer, wherein the transducer EEPROM is operable to track usage of the ultrasonic transducer independent of the primary EEPROM operable to track usage of the body.