mhurhangee/ep-ind-claims huggingface dataset:
A method for converting an input light, generated by a pump laser source outside an optical resonator, into an output light beam that has a spatial beam quality factor (M 2) that is less than that of the input light, the method comprising the steps of: positioning a Raman crystal within the optical resonator receiving the input light; focusing the input light to form a beam waist at the Raman crystal; generating a Stokes light beam resonating within the optical resonator from the input light so received by at least one nonlinear interaction within the Raman crystal, the optical resonator being configured such that the input light is encompassed by the Stokes light beam within the Raman crystal, wherein the at least one nonlinear interaction comprises at least one Raman interaction and the Stokes light beam has a M 2 that is less than that of the input light; and generating the output light beam by extracting at least some of the Stokes light beam from the optical resonator; wherein the input light has a M 2 greater than 1.7, the output light beam has a M 2 less than the input light, and the output light beam has an output intrinsic beam brightness greater than an input intrinsic beam brightness of the input light, wherein the intrinsic beam brightness B is defined as: B = P λ 2 M x 2 M y 2 where P is the average power, λ is the beam wavelength and M x 2 and M y 2 are the beam quality factors in the x and y directions respectively. positioning a Raman crystal within the optical resonator receiving the input light; focusing the input light to form a beam waist at the Raman crystal; generating a Stokes light beam resonating within the optical resonator from the input light so received by at least one nonlinear interaction within the Raman crystal, the optical resonator being configured such that the input light is encompassed by the Stokes light beam within the Raman crystal, wherein the at least one nonlinear interaction comprises at least one Raman interaction and the Stokes light beam has a M 2 that is less than that of the input light; and generating the output light beam by extracting at least some of the Stokes light beam from the optical resonator; wherein the input light has a M 2 greater than 1.7, the output light beam has a M 2 less than the input light, and the output light beam has an output intrinsic beam brightness greater than an input intrinsic beam brightness of the input light, wherein the intrinsic beam brightness B is defined as: B = P λ 2 M x 2 M y 2 where P is the average power, λ is the beam wavelength and M x 2 and M y 2 are the beam quality factors in the x and y directions respectively.
Tread for a pneumatic tyre having at least one circumferential groove having a bottom portion and opposing walls, at least two ribs adjacent to the circumferential groove, and a plurality of groove fences formed within the abovementioned at least one circumferential groove such that the abovementioned circumferential groove is interrupted,each of the abovementioned groove fences is formed extending from the bottom portion of the abovementioned circumferential groove in a direction perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the tyre in such a way that there are gaps to the abovementioned walls, and at least 70% of the cross-sectional area of the abovementioned circumferential groove in which the abovementioned groove fence is formed is blocked, the tread being characterized in that a bending parameter of the groove fence which extends from the bottom portion of the abovementioned circumferential groove in a direction perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the tyre, defined as E • I h 3 l where E is the modulus at 10% elongation of the material used for the abovementioned groove fence, I is the second moment of area of the abovementioned groove fence on a cross section extending in a circumferential direction and a direction of the axis of rotation of the tyre, h is the height of the abovementioned groove fence, and 1 is the width of the abovementioned groove fence in the direction of the axis of rotation of the tyre, is at least equal to 250 Pa and at most equal to 350 Pa.
A web winding apparatus comprising: two bobbins (33, 43) each being able to wind a web thereon; a web pressing member provided at a position to face the cutter so that the web being transferred is put between the web pressing member and the cutter, and provided movably together with the cutter between the two bobbins (33, 43), the web pressing member operating as cutter receiving member which presses and cuts the web in cooperation with the cutter, and also operating to press a cut end of the web so cut on the bobbin (33/43) being empty while holding the cut end of the web, to wind the cut end of the web on the bobbin (33/43) being empty, characterized by a cutter provided movably between the bobbin on one side and the bobbin on the other side for cutting the web being transferred. two bobbins (33, 43) each being able to wind a web thereon; a web pressing member provided at a position to face the cutter so that the web being transferred is put between the web pressing member and the cutter, and provided movably together with the cutter between the two bobbins (33, 43), the web pressing member operating as cutter receiving member which presses and cuts the web in cooperation with the cutter, and also operating to press a cut end of the web so cut on the bobbin (33/43) being empty while holding the cut end of the web, to wind the cut end of the web on the bobbin (33/43) being empty, characterized by a cutter provided movably between the bobbin on one side and the bobbin on the other side for cutting the web being transferred.
A data transmission method, comprising: sending, by a base station, a narrowband primary synchronization signal, NPSS, to user equipment, UE, by using subframe 5 in a first radio frame and subframe 5 in a second radio frame, wherein the first radio frame and the second radio frame are consecutive, both the first radio frame and the second radio frame use a time division duplex, TDD, uplink-downlink subframe configuration, and each of the first and second radio frames comprises 10 subframes; sending, by the base station, a narrowband physical broadcast channel, NPBCH, to the UE by using subframe 9 in the first radio frame and subframe 9 in the second radio frame; sending, by the base station, a narrowband secondary synchronization signal, NSSS, to the UE by using subframe 0 in the first radio frame; and sending, by the base station, a system information block SIB 1-NB to the UE by using subframe 0 in the second radio frame. sending, by a base station, a narrowband primary synchronization signal, NPSS, to user equipment, UE, by using subframe 5 in a first radio frame and subframe 5 in a second radio frame, wherein the first radio frame and the second radio frame are consecutive, both the first radio frame and the second radio frame use a time division duplex, TDD, uplink-downlink subframe configuration, and each of the first and second radio frames comprises 10 subframes; sending, by the base station, a narrowband physical broadcast channel, NPBCH, to the UE by using subframe 9 in the first radio frame and subframe 9 in the second radio frame; sending, by the base station, a narrowband secondary synchronization signal, NSSS, to the UE by using subframe 0 in the first radio frame; and sending, by the base station, a system information block SIB 1-NB to the UE by using subframe 0 in the second radio frame.
A process for producing an ethylene/ α-olefin copolymer comprising the steps of: polymerizing ethylene and one or more α-olefins in a polymerization reactor wherein the ethylene/α-olefin copolymer is produced using a polymerization step occurring at a temperature of at least 205°C in the presence of a multi-constituent catalyst system comprising a Ziegler-Natta catalyst composition including a magnesium and titanium containing procatalyst and a cocatalyst, wherein said procatalyst has a Ti:Mg ratio between 1.0:40 to 5.0:40 and in the presence of hydrogen from 0.01 to 0.04 mole percent; thereby producing an enhanced melt strength ethylene/α-olefin copolymer having from 300 to 500 vinyl unsaturation units per 1,000,000 carbon atoms, measured by NMR, a density measured according to ASTM D 4703-10 in the range of from 0.90 to 0.94 g/cc; a melt index (I 2), measured according to ASTM D 1238-10, 190°C, 2.16 kg in the range of from 0.05 to 50 dg/min; a melt strength of at least 3.0 cN measured via capillary rheometer at a standard test temperature of 190°C; as described in the experimental section of the description and a Mw/Mn of from 3 to 5.
A sputtering target assembly comprising: a backing plate; and a copper-containing target defined by a thickness of at least 20,3 mm (0,8 inches) and a diameter of at least 48,3 cm (19 inches), said target being diffusion bonded directly to the backing plate to create a flat interface, said interface is characterized by the absence of an interlayer and voids, said interface having a bond strength of 5694 N (1280 pound force) or greater to prevent debonding of the target from the backing plate during sputtering at power levels of at least 20 kW; said target having a copper purity of 99,9999 wt% Cu (6N Cu) or greater, wherein said target comprises total metallic impurities of less than or equal to 1 ppm and thus is characterized by an absence of alloying stabilizer elements; and wherein said target comprises grains with an average grain size equal to or less than 30 μm (microns). a backing plate; and a copper-containing target defined by a thickness of at least 20,3 mm (0,8 inches) and a diameter of at least 48,3 cm (19 inches), said target being diffusion bonded directly to the backing plate to create a flat interface, said interface is characterized by the absence of an interlayer and voids, said interface having a bond strength of 5694 N (1280 pound force) or greater to prevent debonding of the target from the backing plate during sputtering at power levels of at least 20 kW; said target having a copper purity of 99,9999 wt% Cu (6N Cu) or greater, wherein said target comprises total metallic impurities of less than or equal to 1 ppm and thus is characterized by an absence of alloying stabilizer elements; and wherein said target comprises grains with an average grain size equal to or less than 30 μm (microns).
A double safety valve comprising a valve body suitable for being placed between a first duct portion and a second duct portion, the valve body having an inlet opening for a pressurized fluid and an outlet opening for that fluid, said openings (5,7) communicating through inlet and outlet ducts (8,9) with chambers (10,12,14) provided within said valve body and connected to each other, said connection between the chambers (10,12, 14) and at least the outlet duct being able to be shut-off and being able to be interrupted or kept open by a first and second movable shutter (19, 20), said first and second shutters being placed along a common longitudinal axis and being opposite to each other, the movable shutters (19, 20) being independent of each other and being activated independently of each other by a corresponding electrically powered coil or solenoid, said first and second movable shutters (19, 20) shutting off the connection between the chambers (10, 12, 14) and the outlet duct in favour of the fluid flow, that is to say said pressurized fluid acting on said movable shutters so that said shut-off is maintained when the shutters are deactivated and the safety valve is closed, each shutter (19, 20) being inserted inside the coil or solenoid and comprising a movable member having a first end and a second end, said second end being adapted to shutoff the connection between the internal chambers (10, 12) of the valve body or between these chambers and the outlet duct, the pressurized fluid acting on said first end when the shutter is deactivated and the safety valve is closed, the chambers (10, 12, 14) in which the pressurized fluid moves within the valve body being provided at a central portion of such valve body, the inlet duct communicating with a first chamber placed at one end of the central portion of that valve body and in which the second end of the first shutter moves, characterized in that said first chamber being connected to lateral chambers provided laterally to said central portion, said connection being able to be shut-off by the second end of the first shutter when it is deactivated, said lateral chambers being in communication with a second chamber provided at a second end of the central portion opposite the aforementioned first chamber, said second chamber being connected to the outlet duct, said connection being able to be shut-off by the second end of the second shutter movable in the second chamber when that second shutter is deactivated, wherein each shutter (19, 20) comprises a hollow tubular portion having an end fastened to the valve body and containing the movable member, a space being provided between said hollow tubular portion and said movable member communicating with one of the first and the second chamber (10, 14) of the valve body and receiving the pressurized fluid therefrom, an end chamber being provided at said first end of the movable member and communicating with that space between said hollow tubular portion and said movable member.
Loading tube apparatus for use in compressing and/or loading a stent-valve, for a delivery catheter, the loading tube apparatus comprising: a plurality of segments (122a, 122b) that are assembable around a portion of a delivery catheter to define a tubular shape; and at least one retainer for retaining the plurality of segments (122a, 122b) in the assembled shape, wherein the retainer comprises at least one threaded nut. a plurality of segments (122a, 122b) that are assembable around a portion of a delivery catheter to define a tubular shape; and at least one retainer for retaining the plurality of segments (122a, 122b) in the assembled shape, wherein the retainer comprises at least one threaded nut.
Plant for producing cement clinker, having, viewed in the material flow direction - at least one heat exchanger (1.1) for preheating raw meal, - at least one downstream calcinator for calcining the raw meal, - at least one rotary kiln for sintering the calcinated raw meal, - at least one clinker cooler for cooling the sintered cement clinker, wherein a combustion device for difficult fuels, which have unpredictable ignition behavior, generally ignite poorly, or require an ignition aid in the form of strong heating and also initial pyrolysis, carbonizes, pyrolyzes, and/or combusts the difficult fuels, characterized in that the combustion device is embodied as a gooseneck reactor in inverted U-shape, which is connected upstream from the calcinator on the flow path of the exhaust gases of the rotary kiln to the calcinator, and the gas outlet (5.1) of which opens into the calcinator above a tertiary air line (4.1) from the clinker cooler, wherein the upstream reactor has a height which is below the height of a reversal point of the calcinator. - at least one heat exchanger (1.1) for preheating raw meal, - at least one downstream calcinator for calcining the raw meal, - at least one rotary kiln for sintering the calcinated raw meal, - at least one clinker cooler for cooling the sintered cement clinker,
A method to determine analyte concentration in a fluid sample in contact with electrodes (10, 12, 14) of a test strip, the method comprising: wetting the test strip with a fluid sample; applying a voltage to the electrodes (10, 12, 14) of the test strip; sampling the magnitude of current generated in the fluid sample to provide a plurality of analog-to-digital (A/D) conversions; characterised in that a first subset of the plurality of A/D conversions is sampled from a first pair of electrodes (12, 10) of the test strip and a second subset of the plurality of A/D conversions is sampled from a second pair of electrodes (14, 10) of the test strip; and by discarding at least a highest magnitude A/D conversion and a lowest magnitude A/D conversion of the first subset and at least a highest magnitude A/D conversion and a lowest magnitude A/D conversion of the second subset; and generating an analyte concentration based on the calculation of an average or a summation of remaining A/D conversions. wetting the test strip with a fluid sample; applying a voltage to the electrodes (10, 12, 14) of the test strip; sampling the magnitude of current generated in the fluid sample to provide a plurality of analog-to-digital (A/D) conversions; characterised in that a first subset of the plurality of A/D conversions is sampled from a first pair of electrodes (12, 10) of the test strip and a second subset of the plurality of A/D conversions is sampled from a second pair of electrodes (14, 10) of the test strip; and by discarding at least a highest magnitude A/D conversion and a lowest magnitude A/D conversion of the first subset and at least a highest magnitude A/D conversion and a lowest magnitude A/D conversion of the second subset; and generating an analyte concentration based on the calculation of an average or a summation of remaining A/D conversions.
A nucleic acid extracting method comprising: forming a hydrogel column inside a tube; forming an injection groove that is extended in the length direction of the tube in the hydrogel column; forming a cell lysate by breaking cells; and, filtering nucleic acid by passing the nucleic acid through the hydrogel column; wherein the hydrogel column is formed of an agarose gel, and the agarose gel includes 0.5% to 5% agarose. forming a hydrogel column inside a tube; forming an injection groove that is extended in the length direction of the tube in the hydrogel column; forming a cell lysate by breaking cells; and, filtering nucleic acid by passing the nucleic acid through the hydrogel column; wherein the hydrogel column is formed of an agarose gel, and the agarose gel includes 0.5% to 5% agarose.
A thermoplastic resin composition consisting of a rubber-reinforced resin, an ethylene●(meth)acrylic acid ester●carbon monoxide copolymer, and polytetrafluoroethylene, and optionally a modified polyolefin resin and one or more additives selected from an antioxidant, an ultra violet absorber, a weather resisting agent, an anti-aging agent, a filler, an antistatic agent, an inorganic-based flame retardant, a reactive flame retardant, an anti-fogging agent, a lubricant, an anti-bacterial agent, an anti-fungal agent, a tackifier, a plasticizer, and a coloring agent, wherein the content of said modified polyolefin resin is in the range from 0.05 to 15 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of said rubber-reinforced resin, wherein the content of said ethylene●(meth)acrylic acid ester●carbon monoxide copolymer and the content of said polytetrafluoroethylene are respectively in the range from 0.5 to 20 parts by weight and in the range from 0.01 to 5 parts by weight, with respect to 100 parts by weight of said rubber-reinforced resin, and wherein said rubber-reinforced resin is a resin consisting of a rubber-reinforced copolymeric resin which is obtained by polymerizing a vinyl-based monomer in the presence of a rubbery polymer (a), or of a mixture of said rubber-reinforced copolymeric resin and a copolymer which is obtained by polymerizing a vinyl-based monomer.
System for providing a frequency reference, comprising a primary oscillator providing a frequency reference, and comprising: - two feedback loops (20, 30) each comprising a phase comparator (21, 31) and an auxiliary oscillator (23, 33), the frequency reference being delivered to each feedback loop in order to control the auxiliary oscillator of each of the loops according to the frequency reference of the primary oscillator; - a unit for detecting frequency micro-hops of the frequency reference provided by the quartz primary oscillator, arranged to receive the phase-error voltage at the output of each of the phase comparators (21, 31) and configured to indicate an occurrence of a frequency micro-hop, characterised in that the unit for detecting a frequency hop is configured to - compare the phase-error voltage at the output of each of the phase comparators with a threshold, and indicate an occurrence of a frequency hop in the case of simultaneous appearance of the threshold being exceeded on the two loops, or - correlating the phase errors at the output of each of the phase comparators, and compare said correlation to a threshold, and in that the primary oscillator is a quartz oscillator. - two feedback loops (20, 30) each comprising a phase comparator (21, 31) and an auxiliary oscillator (23, 33), the frequency reference being delivered to each feedback loop in order to control the auxiliary oscillator of each of the loops according to the frequency reference of the primary oscillator; - a unit for detecting frequency micro-hops of the frequency reference provided by the quartz primary oscillator, arranged to receive the phase-error voltage at the output of each of the phase comparators (21, 31) and configured to indicate an occurrence of a frequency micro-hop, characterised in that the unit for detecting a frequency hop is configured to - compare the phase-error voltage at the output of each of the phase comparators with a threshold, and indicate an occurrence of a frequency hop in the case of simultaneous appearance of the threshold being exceeded on the two loops, or - correlating the phase errors at the output of each of the phase comparators, and compare said correlation to a threshold, and in that the primary oscillator is a quartz oscillator.
A compound represented by Formula 1 below, an optical isomer thereof or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof: In Formula 1, each of two X is independently -NHC(=O)-, -C(=O)NH- or imidazolylene, in which at least one of X is necessarily -NHC(=O)- or -C(=O)NH-; R 1 is -(CH 2) 3 CH 3, -(CH 2) 4 CH 3, -(CH 2) 3 CF 3 or -(CH 2) 4 CF 3; R 2 is straight or branched C 1-10 alkoxycarbonylamino; R 3 is straight or branched C 1-10 alkyl or C 6-10 aryl; R 4 is hydrogen, or, can form C 3-7 cycloalkyl along with one of R 5 and R 6, and C atoms to which they are attached; and R 5 and R 6 are independently hydrogen, -OH, halogen, straight or branched C 1-10 alkoxy, straight or branched C 1-10 alkoxy-C 1-4 alkyl, or -O(C=O)R a, wherein R a is straight or branched C 1-10 alkyl or 5 or 6 membered heterocycloalkyl containing one or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, O and S-straight or branched C 1-4 alkyl, or, can form carbonyl, C 3-7 cycloalkyl or 3-7 membered heterocycloalkyl containing one or more O atoms along with C atoms to which they are attached. each of two X is independently -NHC(=O)-, -C(=O)NH- or imidazolylene, in which at least one of X is necessarily -NHC(=O)- or -C(=O)NH-; R 1 is -(CH 2) 3 CH 3, -(CH 2) 4 CH 3, -(CH 2) 3 CF 3 or -(CH 2) 4 CF 3; R 2 is straight or branched C 1-10 alkoxycarbonylamino; R 3 is straight or branched C 1-10 alkyl or C 6-10 aryl; R 4 is hydrogen, or, can form C 3-7 cycloalkyl along with one of R 5 and R 6, and C atoms to which they are attached; and R 5 and R 6 are independently hydrogen, -OH, halogen, straight or branched C 1-10 alkoxy, straight or branched C 1-10 alkoxy-C 1-4 alkyl, or -O(C=O)R a, wherein R a is straight or branched C 1-10 alkyl or 5 or 6 membered heterocycloalkyl containing one or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, O and S-straight or branched C 1-4 alkyl, or, can form carbonyl, C 3-7 cycloalkyl or 3-7 membered heterocycloalkyl containing one or more O atoms along with C atoms to which they are attached.