A microcapsule type thermochromic pigment, comprising a core material and a wall material wrapping the core material, wherein the core material comprises the following components: a leuco dye, a developer, a stearic acid 2-[4-(phenylmethoxy)phenyl]ethyl ester and an antioxidant; the antioxidant is antioxidant 168; the wall material is self-emulsifying polyurethane or self-emulsifying epoxy resin; the microcapsule type thermochromic pigment is prepared by the method comprising the following steps: mixing raw materials of the core material, and then melting to obtain a molten mixture; mixing the molten mixture with raw material of the wall material and a cosolvent, then adding to water, subjecting them to an emulsification, to obtain an emulsion, wherein the raw material of the wall material is self-emulsifying polyurethane prepolymer or self-emulsifying epoxy resin prepolymer; and mixing the emulsion with a crosslinking-curing agent and subjecting the resulting mixture to a curing to obtain a microcapsule type thermochromic pigment in the slurry; wherein the cosolvent is ethyl acetate or chloroform; and the crosslinking-curing agent is selected from the group consisting of diethylenetriamine, ethylene diamine, triethylene tetraamine, tetraethylene pentamine or 593 curing agent. wherein the core material comprises the following components: a leuco dye, a developer, a stearic acid 2-[4-(phenylmethoxy)phenyl]ethyl ester and an antioxidant; the antioxidant is antioxidant 168; the wall material is self-emulsifying polyurethane or self-emulsifying epoxy resin; the microcapsule type thermochromic pigment is prepared by the method comprising the following steps: mixing raw materials of the core material, and then melting to obtain a molten mixture; mixing the molten mixture with raw material of the wall material and a cosolvent, then adding to water, subjecting them to an emulsification, to obtain an emulsion, wherein the raw material of the wall material is self-emulsifying polyurethane prepolymer or self-emulsifying epoxy resin prepolymer; and mixing the emulsion with a crosslinking-curing agent and subjecting the resulting mixture to a curing to obtain a microcapsule type thermochromic pigment in the slurry; wherein the cosolvent is ethyl acetate or chloroform; and the crosslinking-curing agent is selected from the group consisting of diethylenetriamine, ethylene diamine, triethylene tetraamine, tetraethylene pentamine or 593 curing agent. mixing raw materials of the core material, and then melting to obtain a molten mixture; mixing the molten mixture with raw material of the wall material and a cosolvent, then adding to water, subjecting them to an emulsification, to obtain an emulsion, wherein the raw material of the wall material is self-emulsifying polyurethane prepolymer or self-emulsifying epoxy resin prepolymer; and mixing the emulsion with a crosslinking-curing agent and subjecting the resulting mixture to a curing to obtain a microcapsule type thermochromic pigment in the slurry; wherein the cosolvent is ethyl acetate or chloroform; and the crosslinking-curing agent is selected from the group consisting of diethylenetriamine, ethylene diamine, triethylene tetraamine, tetraethylene pentamine or 593 curing agent.