A functionalized graphene oxide nitrile rubber mixture, comprising the following components in parts by weight: 100-140 parts of nitrile rubber, 30-90 parts of functionalized graphene oxide nitrile rubber masterbatch, 1.8-2.52 parts of vulcanizing agent, 1.2-1.68 parts of vulcanization accelerator, 5-7 parts of vulcanization activator, 17-23.8 parts of plasticizer, 2-2.8 parts of antioxidant, 59-86.6 parts of filler, 0.1-0.14 part of curing agent and 2-2.8 parts of dichlorophenol; wherein the filler is a mixture of gas-mixture carbon black, semi-reinforcing furnace black and epoxy resin with a mass ratio of 32-37: 18-22: 3-5, wherein the epoxy resin has an average epoxy value of 44/100; wherein a mass fraction of functionalized graphene oxide in the functionalized graphene oxide nitrile rubber masterbatch is 30-57%; wherein the functionalized graphene oxide nitrile rubber masterbatch is prepared by the following steps: dispersing a functionalized graphene oxide in a dispersant; ultrasonically dispersing for 60-90 minutes to obtain a functionalized graphene oxide dispersion; adding nitrile rubber latex and stirring for 90-120 min to obtain a mixed solution, wherein the mass of the functionalized graphene oxide accounts for 11-18% of the mass of the mixed solution; adding the mixed solution to coagulation solution for demulsification, wherein the coagulation solution is a mixed liquid of a calcium chloride aqueous solution and ethanol with a volume ratio of 1:2-4, wherein the volume ratio of the mixed solution to the coagulation solution is 2-3:3-5; after suction filtration, washing and drying, obtaining the functionalized graphene oxide nitrile rubber masterbatch; wherein the functionalized graphene oxide is prepared by the following steps: preparing graphene oxide by a modified Hummers method; adding the graphene oxide and 3-Aminopropyltrimethoxysilane as a modifier with a mass ratio of 1:2 into an anhydrous ethanol and ultrasonic stirring uniformly; heating to 70-80°C in a water bath and refluxing for 4-6 hours; then adding distilled water to the mixture, centrifuging, washing and drying, so as to obtain Aminated Graphene. wherein the filler is a mixture of gas-mixture carbon black, semi-reinforcing furnace black and epoxy resin with a mass ratio of 32-37: 18-22: 3-5, wherein the epoxy resin has an average epoxy value of 44/100; wherein a mass fraction of functionalized graphene oxide in the functionalized graphene oxide nitrile rubber masterbatch is 30-57%; wherein the functionalized graphene oxide nitrile rubber masterbatch is prepared by the following steps: dispersing a functionalized graphene oxide in a dispersant; ultrasonically dispersing for 60-90 minutes to obtain a functionalized graphene oxide dispersion; adding nitrile rubber latex and stirring for 90-120 min to obtain a mixed solution, wherein the mass of the functionalized graphene oxide accounts for 11-18% of the mass of the mixed solution; adding the mixed solution to coagulation solution for demulsification, wherein the coagulation solution is a mixed liquid of a calcium chloride aqueous solution and ethanol with a volume ratio of 1:2-4, wherein the volume ratio of the mixed solution to the coagulation solution is 2-3:3-5; after suction filtration, washing and drying, obtaining the functionalized graphene oxide nitrile rubber masterbatch; wherein the functionalized graphene oxide is prepared by the following steps: preparing graphene oxide by a modified Hummers method; adding the graphene oxide and 3-Aminopropyltrimethoxysilane as a modifier with a mass ratio of 1:2 into an anhydrous ethanol and ultrasonic stirring uniformly; heating to 70-80°C in a water bath and refluxing for 4-6 hours; then adding distilled water to the mixture, centrifuging, washing and drying, so as to obtain Aminated Graphene.