A preprocessing apparatus for removing moisture and particulate matters from combustion gas before measuring and analyzing air pollution, the preprocessing apparatus comprising: a cyclone main body which includes a combustion gas inlet pipe which is provided at one side of a cylindrical portion of said main body and through which combustion gas including air pollutants to be measured is introduced, a preprocessed combustion gas discharge pipe which is provided at an upper side of a center of the cylindrical portion and through which the preprocessed combustion gas is discharged, and a discharge port which is provided on a conical portion at a lower side of the cylindrical portion and through which removed moisture and particulate matters are discharged, wherein the cyclone main body is provided with a cooling means for cooling the combustion gas including the air pollutants and a heating means for heating the combustion gas, characterized in that the cooling means is a first cooling Peltier element and second cooling Peltier elements and the heating means is a heating Peltier element, wherein the first cooling Peltier element is provided at one side of the inlet pipe, the heating Peltier element is provided at the other side of the inlet pipe, and the second cooling Peltier elements are provided on the cylindrical portion and the conical portion, wherein a block made of aluminum or copper is provided at an outer circumferential edge of the cylindrical portion and the conical portion, and the pair of second cooling Peltier elements is provided at an outer circumferential edge of the block, wherein an inflow gas temperature sensor is provided on the inlet pipe in order to measure a temperature of the combustion gas including the air pollutants, and a conical portion temperature sensor is further provided to measure a temperature at the conical portion, wherein a humidity sensor is further provided on the inlet pipe in order to measure humidity of the combustion gas including the air pollutants, further comprising: a protection box which accommodates the cyclone main body; and a fiberglass layer which fills a portion between the protection box and the cyclone main body for thermal insulation. a cyclone main body which includes a combustion gas inlet pipe which is provided at one side of a cylindrical portion of said main body and through which combustion gas including air pollutants to be measured is introduced, a preprocessed combustion gas discharge pipe which is provided at an upper side of a center of the cylindrical portion and through which the preprocessed combustion gas is discharged, and a discharge port which is provided on a conical portion at a lower side of the cylindrical portion and through which removed moisture and particulate matters are discharged, wherein the cyclone main body is provided with a cooling means for cooling the combustion gas including the air pollutants and a heating means for heating the combustion gas, characterized in that the cooling means is a first cooling Peltier element and second cooling Peltier elements and the heating means is a heating Peltier element, wherein the first cooling Peltier element is provided at one side of the inlet pipe, the heating Peltier element is provided at the other side of the inlet pipe, and the second cooling Peltier elements are provided on the cylindrical portion and the conical portion, wherein a block made of aluminum or copper is provided at an outer circumferential edge of the cylindrical portion and the conical portion, and the pair of second cooling Peltier elements is provided at an outer circumferential edge of the block, wherein an inflow gas temperature sensor is provided on the inlet pipe in order to measure a temperature of the combustion gas including the air pollutants, and a conical portion temperature sensor is further provided to measure a temperature at the conical portion, wherein a humidity sensor is further provided on the inlet pipe in order to measure humidity of the combustion gas including the air pollutants, further comprising: a protection box which accommodates the cyclone main body; and a fiberglass layer which fills a portion between the protection box and the cyclone main body for thermal insulation. a protection box which accommodates the cyclone main body; and a fiberglass layer which fills a portion between the protection box and the cyclone main body for thermal insulation.