An electron beam sterilization apparatus for sterilizing a container by applying an electron beam while conveying the container, the apparatus comprising: a sterilization chamber including an electron beam application device for applying an electron beam to a container; and a blocking chamber for receiving the container from the sterilization chamber and blocking radioactive rays produced by application of the electron beam, wherein the blocking chamber includes an upstream opening and a downstream opening formed therein, the container being received from the sterilization chamber through the upstream opening and transferred to outside of the blocking chamber through the downstream opening, the blocking chamber includes: a retainer for retaining the container; a rotation table for conveying the container retained by the retainer in a circular path; and at least one blocking wall (82, 83) not in contact with the rotation table and configured to block the radioactive rays from the sterilization chamber, and the at least one blocking wall (82, 83) faces the upstream opening or the downstream opening and has a larger area than the upstream opening or the downstream opening facing thereto, characterized in that the retainer is attached to a periphery of the rotation table and configured to retain the container outside the periphery of the rotation table, the at least one blocking wall (82, 83) is arranged within a region outward from the periphery of the rotation table to inside of a circular path in which the container is conveyed by the rotation table, and the at least one blocking wall (82, 83) extends higher than upper ends of the upstream opening and the downstream opening. a sterilization chamber including an electron beam application device for applying an electron beam to a container; and a blocking chamber for receiving the container from the sterilization chamber and blocking radioactive rays produced by application of the electron beam, wherein the blocking chamber includes an upstream opening and a downstream opening formed therein, the container being received from the sterilization chamber through the upstream opening and transferred to outside of the blocking chamber through the downstream opening, the blocking chamber includes: a retainer for retaining the container; a rotation table for conveying the container retained by the retainer in a circular path; and at least one blocking wall (82, 83) not in contact with the rotation table and configured to block the radioactive rays from the sterilization chamber, and a retainer for retaining the container; a rotation table for conveying the container retained by the retainer in a circular path; and at least one blocking wall (82, 83) not in contact with the rotation table and configured to block the radioactive rays from the sterilization chamber, and the at least one blocking wall (82, 83) faces the upstream opening or the downstream opening and has a larger area than the upstream opening or the downstream opening facing thereto, characterized in that the retainer is attached to a periphery of the rotation table and configured to retain the container outside the periphery of the rotation table, the at least one blocking wall (82, 83) is arranged within a region outward from the periphery of the rotation table to inside of a circular path in which the container is conveyed by the rotation table, and the at least one blocking wall (82, 83) extends higher than upper ends of the upstream opening and the downstream opening.