An anesthesia machine exhaust emission control system, which is arranged between an exhaust gas recovery system and an anesthesia machine exhaust emission port, characterized in that, the anesthesia machine exhaust emission control system comprising: a connection pipeline comprising a gas inlet end and a gas outlet end, wherein the gas inlet end of the connection pipeline is connected to the anesthesia machine exhaust emission port, the gas outlet end of the connection pipeline is connected to the exhaust gas recovery system, and exhaust gas generated by the anesthesia machine is capable of entering the exhaust gas recovery system through the connection pipeline; an electronic flow detection unit arranged on the connection pipeline, wherein the electronic flow detection unit is capable of monitoring a gas flow in the connection pipeline; a controller electrically connected to the electronic flow detection unit, wherein the controller is capable of obtaining a gas flow value in the connection pipeline that is monitored by the electronic flow detection unit; a display unit electrically connected to the controller, wherein the controller is capable of transmitting the gas flow value in the connection pipeline to the display unit for display; and a switch unit arranged at the connection pipeline, wherein the switch unit is capable of opening or closing the connection pipeline, the switch unit is electrically connected to the controller, wherein the controller is capable of obtaining the operating state of the anesthesia machine and controlling the switch unit according to the operating state of the anesthesia machine, when the anesthesia machine is in a ventilation state, the controller controls the switch unit to open the connection pipeline, and when the anesthesia machine is in a standby state or a power-off state, the controller controls the switch unit to close the connection pipeline. a connection pipeline comprising a gas inlet end and a gas outlet end, wherein the gas inlet end of the connection pipeline is connected to the anesthesia machine exhaust emission port, the gas outlet end of the connection pipeline is connected to the exhaust gas recovery system, and exhaust gas generated by the anesthesia machine is capable of entering the exhaust gas recovery system through the connection pipeline; an electronic flow detection unit arranged on the connection pipeline, wherein the electronic flow detection unit is capable of monitoring a gas flow in the connection pipeline; a controller electrically connected to the electronic flow detection unit, wherein the controller is capable of obtaining a gas flow value in the connection pipeline that is monitored by the electronic flow detection unit; a display unit electrically connected to the controller, wherein the controller is capable of transmitting the gas flow value in the connection pipeline to the display unit for display; and a switch unit arranged at the connection pipeline, wherein the switch unit is capable of opening or closing the connection pipeline, the switch unit is electrically connected to the controller, wherein the controller is capable of obtaining the operating state of the anesthesia machine and controlling the switch unit according to the operating state of the anesthesia machine, when the anesthesia machine is in a ventilation state, the controller controls the switch unit to open the connection pipeline, and when the anesthesia machine is in a standby state or a power-off state, the controller controls the switch unit to close the connection pipeline.