A single, fully-integrated, hand-held device for measuring sural nerve conduction velocity and amplitude in either leg of a patient, the device comprising: a housing adapted to be hand-held by a user, the housing comprising a handle adapted to be gripped by a hand of the user so as to permit the device to be held against the leg of a patient; stimulation means (10, 11) mounted to the housing for electrically stimulating a human sural nerve in either leg of a patient; wherein the stimulation means comprises a cathode and an anode, wherein the cathode has a variable height relative to the handle due to a spring-loaded construction and further wherein the anode has a fixed height relative to the handle; a biosensor releasably mounted to the housing, the biosensor comprising a plurality of electrodes (41, 42, 43, 44, 45) for detecting a sural nerve response evoked by the stimulation means in either leg of the patient; acquisition means fully-integrated with the housing and electrically connected to the biosensor for electrically acquiring the sural nerve response detected by the biosensor; processing means fully-integrated with by the housing and electrically connected to the acquisition means for digitizing, processing and storing an acquired sural nerve response provided by the acquisition means; calculation means fully-integrated with the housing and electrically connected to the processing means for calculating the conduction velocity and amplitude of a processed sural nerve response provided by the processing means; and display means fully-integrated with the housing for displaying a calculated sural nerve conduction velocity and amplitude provided by the calculation means; wherein the stimulation means and the biosensor are configured to be held against either leg of the patient, in the vicinity of the sural nerve, by the user manipulating the housing using the handle. a housing adapted to be hand-held by a user, the housing comprising a handle adapted to be gripped by a hand of the user so as to permit the device to be held against the leg of a patient; stimulation means (10, 11) mounted to the housing for electrically stimulating a human sural nerve in either leg of a patient; wherein the stimulation means comprises a cathode and an anode, wherein the cathode has a variable height relative to the handle due to a spring-loaded construction and further wherein the anode has a fixed height relative to the handle; a biosensor releasably mounted to the housing, the biosensor comprising a plurality of electrodes (41, 42, 43, 44, 45) for detecting a sural nerve response evoked by the stimulation means in either leg of the patient; acquisition means fully-integrated with the housing and electrically connected to the biosensor for electrically acquiring the sural nerve response detected by the biosensor; processing means fully-integrated with by the housing and electrically connected to the acquisition means for digitizing, processing and storing an acquired sural nerve response provided by the acquisition means; calculation means fully-integrated with the housing and electrically connected to the processing means for calculating the conduction velocity and amplitude of a processed sural nerve response provided by the processing means; and display means fully-integrated with the housing for displaying a calculated sural nerve conduction velocity and amplitude provided by the calculation means; wherein the stimulation means and the biosensor are configured to be held against either leg of the patient, in the vicinity of the sural nerve, by the user manipulating the housing using the handle.