mhurhangee/ep-ind-claims huggingface dataset:
A method for producing epitaxial silicon carbide wafers which epitaxially grows silicon carbide by a thermal CVD process on a silicon carbide single crystal substrate in an epitaxial growth furnace, the method for producing epitaxial silicon carbide wafers comprising introducing into the epitaxial growth furnace a carrier gas comprised of hydrogen gas and a silicon-based material gas in an amount of 10 -4 vol% to 10 -2 vol% with respect to said carrier gas, etching the surface of the silicon carbide single crystal substrate to over 0.05 μm to 0.5 μm, then changing an epitaxial growth condition in said epitaxial growth furnace while feeding said carrier gas and said silicon-based material gas, and further supplying a carbon-based material gas while feeding said carrier gas and said silicon-based material gas after said epitaxial growth condition stabilizes to thereby start epitaxial growth of silicon carbide, wherein time "t" required for changing a condition from the etching treatment to the start of epitaxial growth and stabilization is 1 to 2 minutes when changing the flow rate of the carrier gas or the flow rate of the silicon-based material gases; wherein when changing the epitaxial growth temperature, the time "t" is 5 to 10 minutes; wherein when changing the epitaxial growth pressure, the time "t" is 3 to 5 minutes, wherein stabilization means converging to a predetermined target value of the flow rate, the growth temperature, or the growth pressure so that the fluctuation in 1 minute is within ±3% of the target value. etching the surface of the silicon carbide single crystal substrate to over 0.05 μm to 0.5 μm, then changing an epitaxial growth condition in said epitaxial growth furnace while feeding said carrier gas and said silicon-based material gas, and further supplying a carbon-based material gas while feeding said carrier gas and said silicon-based material gas after said epitaxial growth condition stabilizes to thereby start epitaxial growth of silicon carbide, wherein time "t" required for changing a condition from the etching treatment to the start of epitaxial growth and stabilization is 1 to 2 minutes when changing the flow rate of the carrier gas or the flow rate of the silicon-based material gases; wherein when changing the epitaxial growth temperature, the time "t" is 5 to 10 minutes; wherein when changing the epitaxial growth pressure, the time "t" is 3 to 5 minutes, wherein stabilization means converging to a predetermined target value of the flow rate, the growth temperature, or the growth pressure so that the fluctuation in 1 minute is within ±3% of the target value.
A semiconductor light emitting device including a light extraction layer having a light extraction surface, a plurality of cone-shaped parts formed in an array being provided on the light extraction surface, wherein the cone-shaped part has a first portion having a first angle (θ 1) of inclination of a side surface and a second portion having a second angle (θ 2) of inclination of a side surface smaller than the first angle, and the second portion is closer to an apex of the cone-shaped part than the first portion and has a larger height (h 2) than a height (h 1) of the first portion, characterized in that the height (h 2) of the second portion is not less than 1.1 times and not more than 3.0 times the height (h 1) of the first portion. the cone-shaped part has a first portion having a first angle (θ 1) of inclination of a side surface and a second portion having a second angle (θ 2) of inclination of a side surface smaller than the first angle, and the second portion is closer to an apex of the cone-shaped part than the first portion and has a larger height (h 2) than a height (h 1) of the first portion, characterized in that the height (h 2) of the second portion is not less than 1.1 times and not more than 3.0 times the height (h 1) of the first portion.
A method for operating a biogas plant comprising at least one fermenter, in which biogas is generated by the fermentation of substrate fed to the fermenter; and a separator downstream of the fermenter and supplying fermentation residue for separation of in particular unfermented solid matter and fermentation residues in an aqueous fraction, wherein the aqueous fraction of the fermentation residue is post-treated in an aeration tank, and the suspension obtained in the aeration tank is fed to the downstream settling tank, characterized in that overlaying water present in the settling tank is completely or partially fed to the aeration tank.
A method for analyzing a workpiece surface for a laser machining process, comprising the steps of: - radiating a flat fan-shaped light beam of light of a first wavelength range to generate a light line on said workpiece surface and illuminating said workpiece surface with light of at least a second wavelength range; - capturing an image of said workpiece surface by means of a sensor device which comprises an image sensor and an optical system for imaging light on said image sensor, wherein a first plane defined by the plane of the fan-shaped light beam, said optics and said image sensor are arranged in a Scheimpflug arrangement; and - evaluating the image to analyze features of said workpiece surface, characterized in that said optics has different refractive indices for the first and the second wavelength ranges, and evaluating the image to analyze features of said workpiece surface is based on a predetermined offset on the workpiece surface between the first plane and a second plane for which the light of the second wavelength range from said optics is imaged on said image sensor. - radiating a flat fan-shaped light beam of light of a first wavelength range to generate a light line on said workpiece surface and illuminating said workpiece surface with light of at least a second wavelength range; - capturing an image of said workpiece surface by means of a sensor device which comprises an image sensor and an optical system for imaging light on said image sensor, wherein a first plane defined by the plane of the fan-shaped light beam, said optics and said image sensor are arranged in a Scheimpflug arrangement; and - evaluating the image to analyze features of said workpiece surface, said optics has different refractive indices for the first and the second wavelength ranges, and evaluating the image to analyze features of said workpiece surface is based on a predetermined offset on the workpiece surface between the first plane and a second plane for which the light of the second wavelength range from said optics is imaged on said image sensor.
An apparatus for a mobile device (21, 31) for providing a plurality of functions for the mobile device, said apparatus being characterized by comprising: a digital application-specific integrated circuit, DASIC, (23, 33) for controlling the mobile device according to applicable radio standards; a first multifunctional integrated circuit (2, 2A, 35) implemented separately from the DASIC, said first multifunctional integrated circuit being adapted to provide a first plurality of functions; and a first Universal Serial Bus, USB, link (3, 4, 5; 4A, 5A, 6A; 9; 36) connecting the DASIC and the first multifunctional integrated circuit, said first USB link logically mapping endpoints associated with the first plurality of functions in the first multifunctional integrated circuit to first local connection endpoints in the DASIC. a digital application-specific integrated circuit, DASIC, (23, 33) for controlling the mobile device according to applicable radio standards; a first multifunctional integrated circuit (2, 2A, 35) implemented separately from the DASIC, said first multifunctional integrated circuit being adapted to provide a first plurality of functions; and a first Universal Serial Bus, USB, link (3, 4, 5; 4A, 5A, 6A; 9; 36) connecting the DASIC and the first multifunctional integrated circuit, said first USB link logically mapping endpoints associated with the first plurality of functions in the first multifunctional integrated circuit to first local connection endpoints in the DASIC.
A process for performing the water gas shift reaction wherein raw synthesis gas is reacted in the presence of steam and at least one water gas shift catalyst to convert carbon monoxide into carbon dioxide and to form hydrogen, wherein the raw synthesis gas is initially passed through at least one unit for high-temperature CO conversion and subsequently, downstream thereof, passed through at least two units for low-temperature CO conversion, characterized in that after passing through the at least one unit for high-temperature CO conversion the synthesis gas stream is divided into at least two substreams, wherein the first substream is passed through a first unit for low-temperature CO conversion and the second substream is passed through a second unit for low-temperature CO conversion, wherein both units (18, 20) for low-temperature CO conversion are arranged in parallel relative to one another.
A connector comprising: a terminal-equipped electric wire having a terminal connected to an end portion of an electric wire; housing configured to accommodate the terminal and to hold the terminal-equipped electric wire; and a heat transfer member having elasticity, wherein the housing includes a first housing having a terminal accommodating portion configured to accommodate the terminal, and a second housing configured to hold the terminal-equipped electric wire, wherein the second housing includes a resin holder configured to be externally mounted on an electric wire connection portion of the terminal configured to be connected to the electric wire and the end portion of the electric wire, and a metal holder configured to be externally mounted on the resin holder, the heat transfer member is disposed in a compressed and deformed state between an outer circumferential surface of at least one of the electric wire connection portion of the terminal and the end portion of the electric wire and an inner circumferential surface of the second housing, the heat transfer member contacting in a pressed manner the outer circumferential surface of the at least one of the electric wire connection portion and the end portion of the electric wire and the inner circumferential surface of the second housing, characterized in that the heat transfer member is in close contact with the electric wire connection portion of the terminal and the end portion of the electric wire, so that conductor core wires of the electric wire are not exposed. a terminal-equipped electric wire having a terminal connected to an end portion of an electric wire; housing configured to accommodate the terminal and to hold the terminal-equipped electric wire; and a heat transfer member having elasticity, wherein the housing includes a first housing having a terminal accommodating portion configured to accommodate the terminal, and a second housing configured to hold the terminal-equipped electric wire, wherein the second housing includes a resin holder configured to be externally mounted on an electric wire connection portion of the terminal configured to be connected to the electric wire and the end portion of the electric wire, and a metal holder configured to be externally mounted on the resin holder, the heat transfer member is disposed in a compressed and deformed state between an outer circumferential surface of at least one of the electric wire connection portion of the terminal and the end portion of the electric wire and an inner circumferential surface of the second housing, the heat transfer member contacting in a pressed manner the outer circumferential surface of the at least one of the electric wire connection portion and the end portion of the electric wire and the inner circumferential surface of the second housing, characterized in that the heat transfer member is in close contact with the electric wire connection portion of the terminal and the end portion of the electric wire, so that conductor core wires of the electric wire are not exposed.
A row unit to be attached to a transverse bar of an agricultural implement, which row unit comprises a tool part having at least one cultivating part, a biasing device for biasing the tool part against the ground, the biasing device comprising a spring means arranged between a first abutment, which is fixed relative to the transverse bar, and a second abutment, which is movable relative to the transverse bar, and a link arrangement adapted to be connected between the transverse bar and the tool part, the link arrangement extending substantially in the direction of travel of the row unit and the movable abutment being attached to said link arrangement, the link arrangement comprising an upper link element and a lower link element, which are adapted to move parallel to each other, and the biasing device further comprises a connecting frame, which is adapted to be fixed relative to the transverse bar and which comprises the first abutment, characterised in that the spring means comprises a torsion bar whose main extension is substantially parallel to the ground, the main effective torsion portion of the torsion bar comprising at least two substantially parallel torsion portions, and the torsion bar comprises a lever for rotating a torsion portion of the torsion bar about its longitudinal axis.
A perfume comprising essentially zero weight percent p-tert.Butyl-alpha-methyldihydrocinnamic aldehyde, most preferably zero weight percent p-tert.Butyl-alpha-methyldihydrocinnamic aldehyde and from 0.01 to 80, preferably from 0.01 to 40, more preferably from 0.01 to 18, most preferably from 0.01 to 7 weight percent of a cocktail, wherein the cocktail comprises, based on total cocktail weight, from 1.0 to 75, more preferably from 5 to 50, most preferably from 5.0 to 25 weight percent n-Pentyl salicylate and from 1 to 75, more preferably from 5 to 50, most preferably from 10 to 20 weight percent Benzoic acid, 2-hydroxy-, phenylmethyl ester and from 0.1 to 25, more preferably from 0.1 to 10, most preferably from 0.5 to 5 weight percent Benzoic acid, 2-hydroxy-, 3-hexenyl ester, -, and from 1 to 75, more preferably from 5 to 50, most preferably from 10 to 20 weight percent Benzoic acid, 2-hydroxy-, cyclohexyl ester and from 0.1 to 20, more preferably from 0.1 to 5, most preferably from 0.01 to 2 weight percent Octahydro-4,7-methanoindanilydenebutanal, and from 0.1 to 20, more preferably from 0.1 to 5, most preferably from 0.01 to 1 weight percent 4,8-Dimethyldeca-4,9-dienal and from 1 to 75, more preferably from 5 to 50, most preferably from 10 to 25 weight percent Benzoic acid, 2-hydroxy-, hexyl ester and from 1 to 75, more preferably from 5 to 50, most preferably from 10 to 25 weight percent Hexahydro-4,7-methanoinden5 yl isobutyrate.
A method for preparing an acetal carbonyl compound used as an intermediate for producing ethylene glycol, which comprises a step in which a raw material acetal and a raw gas carbon monoxide go through a reactor loaded with a catalyst for carrying out a carbonylation reaction; wherein the catalyst contains an acidic microporous silicoaluminophosphate molecular sieve; wherein the chemical composition of the acidic microporous silicoaluminophosphate molecular sieve is expressed as (Si x Al y P z)O 2, and x is in a range from 0.01 to 0.60, and y is in a range from 0.2 to 0.60, and z is in a range from 0.2 to 0.60, and x+y+z=1; wherein the raw material acetal is expressed as R 1 O(CH 2 O) n R 2, and n is selected from 1, 2, 3 or 4, and R 1 and R 2 are independently selected from C 1 -C 3 alkyls.
A device for feeding microwaves into an inner space (3; 5; 6) of a cooking device, comprising: at least one resonator space (3, 5, 6; 20; 34), at least two antennae (21, 22; 35, 36) assigned to the resonator space (3, 5, 6; 20; 34), each having the radiation characteristic of a dipole antenna, in which essentially no microwave power is emitted along an antenna axis and means (18, 19) for supplying microwaves of wavelength λ to the antennae (21, 22; 35, 36), wherein the two antennae (21, 22; 35, 36) emit radiation essentially orthogonally polarised to each other, characterised in that each antenna (21, 22; 35, 36) is attached to a wall of the resonator space (3, 5, 6; 20; 34) for the direct radiation of microwaves into the resonator space (3, 5, 6; 20; 34), and the antenna axes are aligned in directions which are essentially perpendicular to one another. at least one resonator space (3, 5, 6; 20; 34), at least two antennae (21, 22; 35, 36) assigned to the resonator space (3, 5, 6; 20; 34), each having the radiation characteristic of a dipole antenna, in which essentially no microwave power is emitted along an antenna axis and means (18, 19) for supplying microwaves of wavelength λ to the antennae (21, 22; 35, 36), wherein the two antennae (21, 22; 35, 36) emit radiation essentially orthogonally polarised to each other, characterised in that each antenna (21, 22; 35, 36) is attached to a wall of the resonator space (3, 5, 6; 20; 34) for the direct radiation of microwaves into the resonator space (3, 5, 6; 20; 34), and the antenna axes are aligned in directions which are essentially perpendicular to one another.
A system, comprising: a sampling module that samples radio frequency RF signals on a first channel for a first predetermined period, a second predetermined period that is subsequent to said first predetermined period, and a third predetermined period that is subsequent to said second predetermined period; a counter module that increments first, second and third counts when said samples collected during said first, second and third predetermined periods reverse polarity, respectively, wherein at least one of said samples is disregarded and excluded from said first and second counts when an absolute value of said at least one of said samples is less than a first predetermined threshold; a derivative module that determines a first difference between said first and second counts, a second difference between said second and third counts, and a third difference between said first and second differences; and a frequency characteristic module that determines a frequency of said RF signal based on at least one of said first and said second counts, that determines frequency variation of said RF signal based on said first and second counts, and that determines that said RF signal is a chirp radar signal when said third difference is less than a second predetermined threshold. a sampling module that samples radio frequency RF signals on a first channel for a first predetermined period, a second predetermined period that is subsequent to said first predetermined period, and a third predetermined period that is subsequent to said second predetermined period; a counter module that increments first, second and third counts when said samples collected during said first, second and third predetermined periods reverse polarity, respectively, wherein at least one of said samples is disregarded and excluded from said first and second counts when an absolute value of said at least one of said samples is less than a first predetermined threshold; a derivative module that determines a first difference between said first and second counts, a second difference between said second and third counts, and a third difference between said first and second differences; and a frequency characteristic module that determines a frequency of said RF signal based on at least one of said first and said second counts, that determines frequency variation of said RF signal based on said first and second counts, and that determines that said RF signal is a chirp radar signal when said third difference is less than a second predetermined threshold.
A transmission unit for a vehicle powertrain, the transmission unit comprising: a first transmission shaft configured to function as an input shaft of the transmission unit, the first transmission shaft comprising a first gear wheel; a second transmission shaft comprising a second gear wheel and a third gear wheel, the second gear wheel being arranged to cooperate with the first gear wheel of the first transmission shaft; a third transmission shaft comprising a fourth gear wheel, the fourth gear wheel being arranged to cooperate with the third gear wheel of the second transmission shaft; the third transmission shaft further comprising a fifth gear wheel arranged to be selectively connectable to the third transmission shaft for rotation with the third transmission shaft, the fifth gear wheel being arranged to cooperate with the second gear wheel of the second transmission shaft, wherein the transmission unit comprises only two gear rows (R1, R2) that are capable of transferring driving torque from a propulsion unit (30, 32) to driving wheels of the vehicle powertrain when the transmission unit is arranged in the vehicle powertrain, wherein the first gear row of the two gear rows (R1, R2) is defined by the first gear wheel, the second gear wheel and the fifth gear wheel, and the second gear row of the two gear rows (R1, R2) is defined by the third gear wheel and the fourth gear wheel. a first transmission shaft configured to function as an input shaft of the transmission unit, the first transmission shaft comprising a first gear wheel; a second transmission shaft comprising a second gear wheel and a third gear wheel, the second gear wheel being arranged to cooperate with the first gear wheel of the first transmission shaft; a third transmission shaft comprising a fourth gear wheel, the fourth gear wheel being arranged to cooperate with the third gear wheel of the second transmission shaft; the third transmission shaft further comprising a fifth gear wheel arranged to be selectively connectable to the third transmission shaft for rotation with the third transmission shaft, the fifth gear wheel being arranged to cooperate with the second gear wheel of the second transmission shaft, wherein the transmission unit comprises only two gear rows (R1, R2) that are capable of transferring driving torque from a propulsion unit (30, 32) to driving wheels of the vehicle powertrain when the transmission unit is arranged in the vehicle powertrain, wherein the first gear row of the two gear rows (R1, R2) is defined by the first gear wheel, the second gear wheel and the fifth gear wheel, and the second gear row of the two gear rows (R1, R2) is defined by the third gear wheel and the fourth gear wheel.
Heating device with preforms and with a heating section for the thermal conditioning of these preforms made of thermoplastic material with an upper orifice section with one opening, a collar-like support ring arranged below the orifice section and a base section closed at the lower end at a temperature profile suitable for blow moulding, wherein the heating device comprises means of transport for transporting the preforms along a transport path of the heating device, and wherein the means of transport each bear at least one handling means for holding and handling the preforms, wherein the handling means are designed as transport mandrels, wherein, in an intermediate space between two handling means, each intended for handling a preform, a radiation shield following the transport path of the preforms in a forcibly guided manner is arranged, which comprises a recess at least on one front side for partially engaging around a preform held in the handling means adjacent to the recess, characterized in that the radiation shield is arranged in such a way that a surface area of the radiation shield overlaps with a surface area of the support ring at least temporarily during the transport of the preforms viewed in the longitudinal direction of the preform on its side facing away from the orifice section.