Passive and reversible deformation microsensor, specifically for deformation cycles in a direction OX of a structure during cycles of temperatures or mechanical stresses to which said structure is subjected, this microsensor comprising: - means (4, 5, 6) for detecting and means for counting cycles of variations in the distance between two points or areas of a structure, - a support (9, 29, 229) having - a first (10, 41, 241) and - a second portion (11, 44, 244) attachable to, respectively, either of said two points or areas of the structure, wherein the detecting means (4, 5, 6) are provided on the support (9, 29, 229), and are associated with each of said first (10, 41, 241) and second (11, 44, 244) portions of the support (9, 29, 229), the microsensor being characterised in that the detecting means comprise means (541, 542, 543, 551, 552, 553, 561, 562, 563) for distinguishing between at least two different thresholds of cycles of variations in distance, the detecting means comprise at least a first and a second detecting assembly (4, 5, 6), each comprising - a first toothed wheel (541, 542, 543) integral with one of the first (10, 41, 241) or second portion (11, 44, 244) and, - a driving for driving this first toothed wheel (541, 542, 543), made integral, directly or indirectly, at one of its two ends, to the other of the first (10, 41, 241) or second portion (11, 44, 244) and comprising, at its other end, - a tooth able to form a gearing with the teeth of the this first toothed wheel (541, 542, 543), the pitch p1 of the teeth of the first toothed wheel (541, 542, 543) of the first assembly (4, 5, 6) being different from the pitch p2 of the first toothed wheel (541, 542, 543) of the second assembly (4, 5, 6), - 9-shaped driving means (561, 562, 563), having - a first O-shaped rigid portion attached to the second portion of the support, - a second elastic portion one end of which is integral with the first portion while the opposite end is integral with - a third portion comprising a L-shaped primary beam, one lateral face of which is attached to said second portion while the base is integral with the driving beam with substantially the same length as the primary beam and parallel to this latter, but being thinner, wherein the driving beam comprises the tooth at its free end and the first portion of the support is provided with a stop able to restrict the stroke of the primary beam and indirectly the stroke of the driving beam. - means (4, 5, 6) for detecting and means for counting cycles of variations in the distance between two points or areas of a structure, - a support (9, 29, 229) having - a first (10, 41, 241) and - a second portion (11, 44, 244) attachable to, respectively, either of said two points or areas of the structure, - a first (10, 41, 241) and - a second portion (11, 44, 244) attachable to, respectively, either of said two points or areas of the structure, - a first toothed wheel (541, 542, 543) integral with one of the first (10, 41, 241) or second portion (11, 44, 244) and, - a driving for driving this first toothed wheel (541, 542, 543), made integral, directly or indirectly, at one of its two ends, to the other of the first (10, 41, 241) or second portion (11, 44, 244) and comprising, at its other end, - a tooth able to form a gearing with the teeth of the this first toothed wheel (541, 542, 543), the pitch p1 of the teeth of the first toothed wheel (541, 542, 543) of the first assembly (4, 5, 6) being different from the pitch p2 of the first toothed wheel (541, 542, 543) of the second assembly (4, 5, 6), - 9-shaped driving means (561, 562, 563), having - a first O-shaped rigid portion attached to the second portion of the support, - a second elastic portion one end of which is integral with the first portion while the opposite end is integral with - a third portion comprising a L-shaped primary beam, one lateral face of which is attached to said second portion while the base is integral with the driving beam with substantially the same length as the primary beam and parallel to this latter, but being thinner, - a first O-shaped rigid portion attached to the second portion of the support, - a second elastic portion one end of which is integral with the first portion while the opposite end is integral with - a third portion comprising a L-shaped primary beam, one lateral face of which is attached to said second portion while the base is integral with the driving beam with substantially the same length as the primary beam and parallel to this latter, but being thinner,