A chip comprised in a consumable cartridge for containing coloring materials, wherein the chip is connected to a printing and imaging device via a signal line ID; the printing and imaging device comprises a current source for transmitting a current source signal on the signal line ID; the chip comprises an operation instruction generation circuit and a storage circuit; and the storage circuit further comprises a data storage module, a read/write control circuit and a resistor switching circuit, wherein: the operation instruction generation circuit is connected with the signal line ID and configured to generate and output a read instruction to the read/write control circuit, based on the current source signal transmitted on the signal line ID; the data storage module is configured to store data associated with the consumable cartridge for containing coloring materials, and the data storage module comprises any one of an EEPROM memory, a ferroelectric memory, a phase change memory, a flash memory, and a volatile memory connected with a power supply; the read/write control circuit is connected with the data storage module and configured to, based on the read instruction generated by the operation instruction generation circuit and address data that is received, control the data storage module to output data; and the resistor switching circuit is configured to change a resistance value in a conductive loop of the signal line ID based on data outputted by the data storage module, wherein the resistor switching circuit comprises: a plurality of resistance switching branches, wherein each of the plurality of resistance switching branches comprises a switching switch (K1, K2, K3 or K4) and a resistor (R5, R6, R7, or R8) which are connected in series in the conductive loop of the signal line ID; and a decoder connected with the data storage module and configured to generate a switching instruction based on data outputted by the data storage module, to control the switching switch (K1, K2, K3 or K4) of a respective one of the resistance switching branches to connect the resistor (R5, R6, R7, or R8) corresponding to the switching switch (K1, K2, K3 or K4) to the conductive loop of the signal line ID, so as to change a resistance value in the conductive loop of the signal line ID, wherein the current source signal flows through the resistance value and generates voltage drop. the operation instruction generation circuit is connected with the signal line ID and configured to generate and output a read instruction to the read/write control circuit, based on the current source signal transmitted on the signal line ID; the data storage module is configured to store data associated with the consumable cartridge for containing coloring materials, and the data storage module comprises any one of an EEPROM memory, a ferroelectric memory, a phase change memory, a flash memory, and a volatile memory connected with a power supply; the read/write control circuit is connected with the data storage module and configured to, based on the read instruction generated by the operation instruction generation circuit and address data that is received, control the data storage module to output data; and the resistor switching circuit is configured to change a resistance value in a conductive loop of the signal line ID based on data outputted by the data storage module, wherein the resistor switching circuit comprises: a plurality of resistance switching branches, wherein each of the plurality of resistance switching branches comprises a switching switch (K1, K2, K3 or K4) and a resistor (R5, R6, R7, or R8) which are connected in series in the conductive loop of the signal line ID; and a decoder connected with the data storage module and configured to generate a switching instruction based on data outputted by the data storage module, to control the switching switch (K1, K2, K3 or K4) of a respective one of the resistance switching branches to connect the resistor (R5, R6, R7, or R8) corresponding to the switching switch (K1, K2, K3 or K4) to the conductive loop of the signal line ID, so as to change a resistance value in the conductive loop of the signal line ID, wherein the current source signal flows through the resistance value and generates voltage drop. a plurality of resistance switching branches, wherein each of the plurality of resistance switching branches comprises a switching switch (K1, K2, K3 or K4) and a resistor (R5, R6, R7, or R8) which are connected in series in the conductive loop of the signal line ID; and a decoder connected with the data storage module and configured to generate a switching instruction based on data outputted by the data storage module, to control the switching switch (K1, K2, K3 or K4) of a respective one of the resistance switching branches to connect the resistor (R5, R6, R7, or R8) corresponding to the switching switch (K1, K2, K3 or K4) to the conductive loop of the signal line ID, so as to change a resistance value in the conductive loop of the signal line ID, wherein the current source signal flows through the resistance value and generates voltage drop.