A method for initializing FPGA hardware for secure computing, the method comprising: obtaining a first-version configuration file stored in a first storage, wherein the first-version configuration file comprises a plurality of initial keys and the first-version configuration file comprises predetermined running logic jointly determined by a plurality of key owners of the plurality of initial keys, wherein the plurality of key owners is a plurality of participants in the secure computing and each of the plurality of initial keys is a first key of a respective key owner of the plurality of key owners, wherein the FPGA hardware comprises a FPGA chip and the first storage is connected to the FPGA chip, wherein the first storage is a nonvolatile storage, wherein the FPGA chip is configured based on a configuration file currently stored in the first storage; reconfiguring the FPGA chip based on the first-version configuration file; obtaining an encrypted file, wherein the encrypted file is obtained by sequentially performing encryption by the plurality of key owners in a first predetermined sequence, wherein an encryption object of a first time of encryption comprises a second configuration file, and the second configuration file comprises second running logic jointly determined by the plurality of key owners; decrypting the encrypted file in a second predetermined sequence by using working keys of the plurality of key owners, to obtain the second configuration file and store the second configuration file in the first storage, wherein the second predetermined sequence corresponds to the first predetermined sequence, and the working keys of the plurality of key owners are each obtained based on a respective first key of a key owner of the plurality of key owners; and reconfiguring the FPGA chip based on the second configuration file. obtaining a first-version configuration file stored in a first storage, wherein the first-version configuration file comprises a plurality of initial keys and the first-version configuration file comprises predetermined running logic jointly determined by a plurality of key owners of the plurality of initial keys, wherein the plurality of key owners is a plurality of participants in the secure computing and each of the plurality of initial keys is a first key of a respective key owner of the plurality of key owners, wherein the FPGA hardware comprises a FPGA chip and the first storage is connected to the FPGA chip, wherein the first storage is a nonvolatile storage, wherein the FPGA chip is configured based on a configuration file currently stored in the first storage; reconfiguring the FPGA chip based on the first-version configuration file; obtaining an encrypted file, wherein the encrypted file is obtained by sequentially performing encryption by the plurality of key owners in a first predetermined sequence, wherein an encryption object of a first time of encryption comprises a second configuration file, and the second configuration file comprises second running logic jointly determined by the plurality of key owners; decrypting the encrypted file in a second predetermined sequence by using working keys of the plurality of key owners, to obtain the second configuration file and store the second configuration file in the first storage, wherein the second predetermined sequence corresponds to the first predetermined sequence, and the working keys of the plurality of key owners are each obtained based on a respective first key of a key owner of the plurality of key owners; and reconfiguring the FPGA chip based on the second configuration file.