A vehicle position recognition system comprising: a vehicle position calculation unit that is adapted to calculate an estimated position of a vehicle based on satellite positioning and dead reckoning navigation; an error range calculation unit that is adapted to calculate a basic error range, wherein there is a possibility that the vehicle exists in the basic error range; a first estimated error amount calculation unit that is adapted to calculate at least one first estimated error amount regarding at least one directional error factor, wherein the at least one directional error factor is at least one error factor that tends to cause at least one error in at least one specific direction with respect to a vehicle traveling direction, and the at least one first estimated error amount is at least one estimated amount of the at least one error that is caused by the at least one directional error factor; a first error range adjustment unit that is adapted to adjust the basic error range based on at least one direction in which the at least one error tends to be caused by the at least one directional error factor, and the at least one first estimated error amount; and a surrounding information obtaining range determination unit that is adapted to determine a surrounding information obtaining range for obtaining surrounding information regarding a surrounding region around the estimated position, wherein when the first error range adjustment unit adjusts the basic error range, the surrounding information obtaining range determination unit is adapted to determine the surrounding information obtaining range based on the adjusted error range, characterized in that the surrounding information is reference data for scene matching, which is used when scenic image recognition is performed based on a captured image obtained by capturing an image of a scene viewed from the vehicle, the vehicle position recognition system is adapted to use the surrounding information obtaining range determined by the surrounding information obtaining range determination unit as an extraction range for extracting the reference data from a reference data database, when a position of the vehicle is determined through matching between the reference data and data for matching, which is generated from an actually-captured image obtained by capturing an image of a scene using a vehicle-mounted camera. a vehicle position calculation unit that is adapted to calculate an estimated position of a vehicle based on satellite positioning and dead reckoning navigation; an error range calculation unit that is adapted to calculate a basic error range, wherein there is a possibility that the vehicle exists in the basic error range; a first estimated error amount calculation unit that is adapted to calculate at least one first estimated error amount regarding at least one directional error factor, wherein the at least one directional error factor is at least one error factor that tends to cause at least one error in at least one specific direction with respect to a vehicle traveling direction, and the at least one first estimated error amount is at least one estimated amount of the at least one error that is caused by the at least one directional error factor; a first error range adjustment unit that is adapted to adjust the basic error range based on at least one direction in which the at least one error tends to be caused by the at least one directional error factor, and the at least one first estimated error amount; and a surrounding information obtaining range determination unit that is adapted to determine a surrounding information obtaining range for obtaining surrounding information regarding a surrounding region around the estimated position, wherein when the first error range adjustment unit adjusts the basic error range, the surrounding information obtaining range determination unit is adapted to determine the surrounding information obtaining range based on the adjusted error range, characterized in that the surrounding information is reference data for scene matching, which is used when scenic image recognition is performed based on a captured image obtained by capturing an image of a scene viewed from the vehicle, the vehicle position recognition system is adapted to use the surrounding information obtaining range determined by the surrounding information obtaining range determination unit as an extraction range for extracting the reference data from a reference data database, when a position of the vehicle is determined through matching between the reference data and data for matching, which is generated from an actually-captured image obtained by capturing an image of a scene using a vehicle-mounted camera.