A method of measuring a Hall effect voltage for characterizing at least one of a Hall coefficient, a carrier density and a carrier mobility of a material, the method comprising: as state 1: providing an excitation across a first pair of opposing points (102, 106) of a piece of the material and concurrently measuring a first voltage across a second pair of opposing points (104, 108) of the piece of material in the presence of a magnetic field; as state 2: providing an excitation across the second pair of opposing points of the piece of material and concurrently measuring a second voltage across the first pair of opposing points of the piece of material in the presence of the magnetic field; switching between state 1 and state 2 at a first frequency for a first period; as state 3: providing an excitation across the first pair of opposing points of the piece of material in a direction opposite to the excitation of state 1 and concurrently measuring a third voltage across the second pair of opposing points of the piece of material in the presence of the magnetic field; as state 4: providing an excitation across the second pair of opposing points of the piece of material in a direction opposite to the excitation of state 2 and concurrently measuring a fourth voltage across the first pair of opposing points of the piece of material in the presence of the magnetic field; and switching between state 3 and state 4 at a second frequency for a second period; characterized in that the method further comprises: switching between the first period and the second period at a third frequency for a third period, wherein the first frequency is different than the third frequency; and determining the Hall effect voltage induced by exciting the material in the presence of the magnetic field based on the first voltage, the second voltage, the third voltage, and the fourth voltage measurements. as state 1: providing an excitation across a first pair of opposing points (102, 106) of a piece of the material and concurrently measuring a first voltage across a second pair of opposing points (104, 108) of the piece of material in the presence of a magnetic field; as state 2: providing an excitation across the second pair of opposing points of the piece of material and concurrently measuring a second voltage across the first pair of opposing points of the piece of material in the presence of the magnetic field; switching between state 1 and state 2 at a first frequency for a first period; as state 3: providing an excitation across the first pair of opposing points of the piece of material in a direction opposite to the excitation of state 1 and concurrently measuring a third voltage across the second pair of opposing points of the piece of material in the presence of the magnetic field; as state 4: providing an excitation across the second pair of opposing points of the piece of material in a direction opposite to the excitation of state 2 and concurrently measuring a fourth voltage across the first pair of opposing points of the piece of material in the presence of the magnetic field; and switching between state 3 and state 4 at a second frequency for a second period; characterized in that the method further comprises: switching between the first period and the second period at a third frequency for a third period, wherein the first frequency is different than the third frequency; and determining the Hall effect voltage induced by exciting the material in the presence of the magnetic field based on the first voltage, the second voltage, the third voltage, and the fourth voltage measurements. switching between the first period and the second period at a third frequency for a third period, wherein the first frequency is different than the third frequency; and determining the Hall effect voltage induced by exciting the material in the presence of the magnetic field based on the first voltage, the second voltage, the third voltage, and the fourth voltage measurements.