A physics module of a chip-scale atomic clock, comprising: a housing; a laser source disposed in the housing and generating a laser beam; a vapor cell disposed above the laser source to generate a transmitted beam from the laser beam; and a detector disposed above the vapor cell to detect the transmitted beam, wherein the vapor cell comprises a plurality of optical patterns configured to polarize the incident and transmitted laser beam, wherein the vapor cell comprises: a transparent box; and an alkali gas filled in the transparent box, and wherein the optical patterns are arranged on an outer wall of the transparent box, and wherein the transparent box comprises: a lower substrate; an upper substrate on the lower substrate; and a side wall part configured to seal the alkali gas between the upper substrate and the lower substrate, and wherein the optical patterns are made of a material different from that of each of the lower substrate and the upper substrate, characterized in that the optical patterns comprise: lower patterns disposed below the lower substrate; and upper patterns disposed on the upper substrate. a housing; a laser source disposed in the housing and generating a laser beam; a vapor cell disposed above the laser source to generate a transmitted beam from the laser beam; and a detector disposed above the vapor cell to detect the transmitted beam, wherein the vapor cell comprises a plurality of optical patterns configured to polarize the incident and transmitted laser beam, wherein the vapor cell comprises: a transparent box; and an alkali gas filled in the transparent box, and wherein the optical patterns are arranged on an outer wall of the transparent box, and wherein the transparent box comprises: a lower substrate; an upper substrate on the lower substrate; and a side wall part configured to seal the alkali gas between the upper substrate and the lower substrate, and wherein the optical patterns are made of a material different from that of each of the lower substrate and the upper substrate, characterized in that the optical patterns comprise: lower patterns disposed below the lower substrate; and upper patterns disposed on the upper substrate. a transparent box; and an alkali gas filled in the transparent box, and wherein the optical patterns are arranged on an outer wall of the transparent box, and wherein the transparent box comprises: a lower substrate; an upper substrate on the lower substrate; and a side wall part configured to seal the alkali gas between the upper substrate and the lower substrate, and wherein the optical patterns are made of a material different from that of each of the lower substrate and the upper substrate, characterized in that the optical patterns comprise: lower patterns disposed below the lower substrate; and upper patterns disposed on the upper substrate. a lower substrate; an upper substrate on the lower substrate; and a side wall part configured to seal the alkali gas between the upper substrate and the lower substrate, and wherein the optical patterns are made of a material different from that of each of the lower substrate and the upper substrate, characterized in that the optical patterns comprise: lower patterns disposed below the lower substrate; and upper patterns disposed on the upper substrate. lower patterns disposed below the lower substrate; and upper patterns disposed on the upper substrate.