A slope localization correction method, applied to a robot, comprising: measuring a triaxial acceleration and a triaxial angular velocity of the robot by the inertial measurement element; calculating the pose of the robot through a first Euler angle anti-rotation matrix formed by the triaxial acceleration and a second Euler angle anti-rotation matrix formed by the triaxial angular velocity; wherein a pose state equation of the robot is: X = F * X, wherein, F X = O I O O O O A O G, O represents a zero matrix with three rows and three columns, I represents an identity matrix with three rows and three columns, A represents the first Euler angle anti-rotation matrix, G represents the second Euler angle anti-rotation matrix, X denotes a state of the robot, the state of the robot comprises pitch angle pose information and roll angle pose information of the robot, Xis a state variable, A = 0 a z − a y − a z 0 a x a y − a x 0, G = 0 − w z w y w z 0 − w x − w y w x 0, in the first Euler angle anti-rotation matrix, a x, a y, and a z respectively represent triaxial accelerations of the robot in a positive direction under a body coordinate system, -a x, -a y and - a z respectively represent triaxial accelerations of the robot in a negative direction under the body coordinate system; and in the second Euler angle anti-rotation matrix, w x, w y and w z respectively represent triaxial angular velocities of the robot in the positive direction under a navigation coordinate system, -w x, -w y and -w z respectively represent triaxial angular velocities of the robot in the negative direction under the navigation coordinate system; characterized by calculating the pose of the robot with a state transition matrix and a priori estimation method, wherein a formula for calculating the pose of the robot with the prior estimation method is: P k + 1 − = A lin, k P k A lin, k T + Q k, wherein P k + 1 − represents a pose of the robot at a position k+1, P k represents a pose of the robot at a position k, A lin,k represents the state transition matrix, A lin, k T represents a transpose matrix of the state transition matrix, Q, represents a noise; determining whether there exists a slope in the predetermined area according to the pose of the robot; compensating for a localization error at the slope by using a pose corresponding to the slope when determining that there exists the slope in the predetermined area. measuring a triaxial acceleration and a triaxial angular velocity of the robot by the inertial measurement element; calculating the pose of the robot through a first Euler angle anti-rotation matrix formed by the triaxial acceleration and a second Euler angle anti-rotation matrix formed by the triaxial angular velocity; wherein a pose state equation of the robot is: X = F * X, wherein, F X = O I O O O O A O G, O represents a zero matrix with three rows and three columns, I represents an identity matrix with three rows and three columns, A represents the first Euler angle anti-rotation matrix, G represents the second Euler angle anti-rotation matrix, X denotes a state of the robot, the state of the robot comprises pitch angle pose information and roll angle pose information of the robot, Xis a state variable, A = 0 a z − a y − a z 0 a x a y − a x 0, G = 0 − w z w y w z 0 − w x − w y w x 0, in the first Euler angle anti-rotation matrix, a x, a y, and a z respectively represent triaxial accelerations of the robot in a positive direction under a body coordinate system, -a x, -a y and - a z respectively represent triaxial accelerations of the robot in a negative direction under the body coordinate system; and in the second Euler angle anti-rotation matrix, w x, w y and w z respectively represent triaxial angular velocities of the robot in the positive direction under a navigation coordinate system, -w x, -w y and -w z respectively represent triaxial angular velocities of the robot in the negative direction under the navigation coordinate system; characterized by calculating the pose of the robot with a state transition matrix and a priori estimation method, wherein a formula for calculating the pose of the robot with the prior estimation method is: P k + 1 − = A lin, k P k A lin, k T + Q k, wherein P k + 1 − represents a pose of the robot at a position k+1, P k represents a pose of the robot at a position k, A lin,k represents the state transition matrix, A lin, k T represents a transpose matrix of the state transition matrix, Q, represents a noise; determining whether there exists a slope in the predetermined area according to the pose of the robot; compensating for a localization error at the slope by using a pose corresponding to the slope when determining that there exists the slope in the predetermined area.