A transmission method, applied to a base station, wherein the method comprises: sending control signaling to a terminal device, to indicate the terminal device to send a physical uplink shared channel, PUSCH, on a first frequency band; and receiving the PUSCH sent by the terminal device on the first frequency band, wherein the first frequency band comprises at least one guard subcarrier, a quantity of the at least one guard subcarrier is determined based on a Doppler frequency shift of a beam covering the terminal device, and the first frequency band is located on a frequency band corresponding to the beam; wherein the frequency band comprises m guard bands, the guard bands each comprise the same quantity of guard subcarriers, and at least one guard band in the m guard bands comprises the at least one guard subcarrier; wherein the method further comprises: obtaining guard subcarrier information corresponding to the beam, and sending the guard subcarrier information to the terminal device, wherein the guard subcarrier information is used to indicate the quantity of guard subcarriers comprised in the guard band; wherein the obtaining guard subcarrier information corresponding to the beam comprises: obtaining the Doppler frequency shift of the beam, and obtaining, based on the Doppler frequency shift of the beam, the quantity of guard subcarriers comprised in the guard band. sending control signaling to a terminal device, to indicate the terminal device to send a physical uplink shared channel, PUSCH, on a first frequency band; and receiving the PUSCH sent by the terminal device on the first frequency band, wherein the first frequency band comprises at least one guard subcarrier, a quantity of the at least one guard subcarrier is determined based on a Doppler frequency shift of a beam covering the terminal device, and the first frequency band is located on a frequency band corresponding to the beam; wherein the frequency band comprises m guard bands, the guard bands each comprise the same quantity of guard subcarriers, and at least one guard band in the m guard bands comprises the at least one guard subcarrier; wherein the method further comprises: obtaining guard subcarrier information corresponding to the beam, and sending the guard subcarrier information to the terminal device, wherein the guard subcarrier information is used to indicate the quantity of guard subcarriers comprised in the guard band; wherein the obtaining guard subcarrier information corresponding to the beam comprises: obtaining the Doppler frequency shift of the beam, and obtaining, based on the Doppler frequency shift of the beam, the quantity of guard subcarriers comprised in the guard band. obtaining guard subcarrier information corresponding to the beam, and sending the guard subcarrier information to the terminal device, wherein the guard subcarrier information is used to indicate the quantity of guard subcarriers comprised in the guard band; wherein the obtaining guard subcarrier information corresponding to the beam comprises: obtaining the Doppler frequency shift of the beam, and obtaining, based on the Doppler frequency shift of the beam, the quantity of guard subcarriers comprised in the guard band.