mhurhangee/ep-ind-claims huggingface dataset:
A composite ion exchange membrane obtainable by a process comprising reacting an ionically-charged membrane with a composition comprising: (a) a monofunctional ethylenically unsaturated monomer having an ionic charge opposite to the charge of the ionically-charged membrane; and (b) a crosslinking agent comprising two or more ethylenically unsaturated groups; wherein the molar ratio of (b):(a) is lower than 0.04 or is zero; and wherein the ionically-charged membrane has been obtained by a process comprising the polymerisation of a composition comprising a crosslinking agent and a monofunctional ethylenically unsaturated monomer having an ionic charge. (a) a monofunctional ethylenically unsaturated monomer having an ionic charge opposite to the charge of the ionically-charged membrane; and (b) a crosslinking agent comprising two or more ethylenically unsaturated groups; wherein the molar ratio of (b):(a) is lower than 0.04 or is zero; and wherein the ionically-charged membrane has been obtained by a process comprising the polymerisation of a composition comprising a crosslinking agent and a monofunctional ethylenically unsaturated monomer having an ionic charge.
A method of providing content, the method comprising: dividing the content into a plurality of parts; and inserting information for each of the plurality of parts of the content into the content; providing the content in a form which allows integrity verification to determine whether the content has been forged or altered; wherein the inserting of the information comprises inserting integrity verification information by inserting hash values into the plurality of parts, wherein each of the hash values is calculated by applying a hash function to each of the plurality of parts; and characterized by the further step of: providing information indicating a plurality of locations where the integrity verification information for each of the plurality of parts is inserted so as to allow a user of the content to detect the integrity verification information. dividing the content into a plurality of parts; and inserting information for each of the plurality of parts of the content into the content; providing the content in a form which allows integrity verification to determine whether the content has been forged or altered; wherein the inserting of the information comprises inserting integrity verification information by inserting hash values into the plurality of parts, wherein each of the hash values is calculated by applying a hash function to each of the plurality of parts; and characterized by the further step of: providing information indicating a plurality of locations where the integrity verification information for each of the plurality of parts is inserted so as to allow a user of the content to detect the integrity verification information. providing information indicating a plurality of locations where the integrity verification information for each of the plurality of parts is inserted so as to allow a user of the content to detect the integrity verification information.
Potential distributor having a plurality of housings which are arranged next to one another and are composed of an electrically conductive material, and also having a plurality of plug-in connectors which are each arranged at one end of an electrical line, wherein a plug-in connector is inserted into in each case one housing and the plurality of housings which are arranged next to one another make electrical contact with one another in order to bring the plug-in connectors to the same electrical potential, wherein the housings are formed from the electrically conductive material such that they can be produced individually and then can be arranged next to one another and make electrical contact with one another and be mechanically connected to one another in an appropriate number, characterized in that the plug-in connectors are each designed as a socket contact and the housings each have a plug-in lug for receiving the plug-in connector which is designed as a socket contact.
A method for reducing sulfur present as sulfur or a sulfur compound in a hydrocarbon feedstream while effecting dehydrogenation of the hydrocarbon contained in the hydrocarbon feedstream comprising placing the hydrocarbon feedstream in contact with the fluidizable catalyst at a catalyst to hydrocarbon feed ratio in the range of from 1 to 100 defined as mass rate of catalyst in the reactor in kilograms per hour divided by mass rate of hydrocarbon being fed to the reactor in kilogram/hr, at a temperature within a range of from 550°C to 800°C and a pressure within a range of from 24.8 KPa (3.6 psia) to 446.1 KPa (64.7 psia) wherein the feedstream comprises at least one of an alkane or an alkyl aromatic and the fluidizable catalyst is both a desulfurant and a dehydrogenation catalyst and consists of gallium in an amount within a range of from greater than 0 percent by weight to 5 percent by weight, platinum in an amount within a range of from greater than 1 to 300 parts by weight per million parts by weight of the catalyst on an alumina or alumina-silica catalyst support optionally with 0.01 to 5 percent by weight of potassium, under conditions sufficient to effect both removal from the hydrocarbon feedstream of at least a portion of the sulfur or sulfur compound contained therein, the amount of sulfur or sulfur compound in the feedstream prior to contact with the catalyst being within a range of from at least 1 part by weight per million parts by weight of feedstream to less than 1000 parts by weight per million parts by weight of feedstream, and dehydrogenation of the hydrocarbon to yield a desulfurized crude olefin product that corresponds to the hydrocarbon; the desulfurized crude olefin product containing a reduced amount of sulfur or sulfur compounds relative to the sulfur or sulfur compounds present in the hydrocarbon feedstream prior to contact with the catalyst, wherein the method further comprises the sequential steps of a) effecting separation of the desulfurized crude olefin product from the catalyst onto which at least a portion of the sulfur or sulfur composition is absorbed; and b) subjecting at least a portion of such catalyst to regeneration with air as a regeneration gas in a combustion portion of the process.
Method for determining a fault state of a battery or the connection points thereof to an onboard power supply system, which method comprises the following steps: - measuring at least one voltage change of the battery, - measuring at least one current change of the battery, - calculating a differential conductance based on the current change and the voltage change, and - ascertaining the fault state when the differential conductance undershoots a conductance threshold value, - characterized in that the differential conductance is calculated only when the voltage change is above a voltage change threshold value. - measuring at least one voltage change of the battery, - measuring at least one current change of the battery, - calculating a differential conductance based on the current change and the voltage change, and - ascertaining the fault state when the differential conductance undershoots a conductance threshold value, - characterized in that the differential conductance is calculated only when the voltage change is above a voltage change threshold value.
Motor-vehicle braking system, having a vacuum-operated assistance device, comprising a vacuum pump which is to be driven by the motor-vehicle engine, a fluid communication line between the vacuum pump and a chamber of said assistance device, for communicating a vacuum generated by said vacuum pump to said chamber and at least one one-way valve (10, 11, R) interposed in said fluid communication line for enabling a flow of air only in the direction which goes from said chamber towards the vacuum pump, said braking system being characterized in that it further comprises: - a control valve, interposed along said fluid communication line and having: - a first operative condition, in which said control valve sets the inlet side of the vacuum pump in communication with the chamber of the assistance device, and - a second operative condition, in which the control valve sets the inlet side of the vacuum pump in communication with the atmosphere, and a device for actuating the control valve, which is configured for: - setting the control valve in its first operative condition, in which the inlet side of the vacuum pump communicates with said chamber, when the pressure within the chamber of the assistance device is above a predetermined threshold value, and - setting the control valve in its second operative condition, in which the inlet side of the vacuum pump communicates with the atmosphere when the pressure within the chamber of the assistance device is below a predetermined threshold value. - a control valve, interposed along said fluid communication line and having: - a first operative condition, in which said control valve sets the inlet side of the vacuum pump in communication with the chamber of the assistance device, and - a second operative condition, in which the control valve sets the inlet side of the vacuum pump in communication with the atmosphere, and - setting the control valve in its first operative condition, in which the inlet side of the vacuum pump communicates with said chamber, when the pressure within the chamber of the assistance device is above a predetermined threshold value, and - setting the control valve in its second operative condition, in which the inlet side of the vacuum pump communicates with the atmosphere when the pressure within the chamber of the assistance device is below a predetermined threshold value.
A method for manufacturing a maraging steel coil, comprising: a step of preparing a maraging steel hot rolling raw material; a raw material heating step of heating the raw material; a hot rolling step of hot rolling the raw material heated by the raw material heating step; and a winding and cooling step of winding the hot rolled material obtained by the hot rolling step into a coil and cooling the coil, characterized in that the winding and cooling step is conducted by winding the coil while shower-cooling the hot-rolled material so that a temperature of the hot rolled material does not increase to a temperature at or above the Ms point, after the hot rolled material has been cooled to a temperature below the Ms point. a step of preparing a maraging steel hot rolling raw material; a raw material heating step of heating the raw material; a hot rolling step of hot rolling the raw material heated by the raw material heating step; and a winding and cooling step of winding the hot rolled material obtained by the hot rolling step into a coil and cooling the coil, characterized in that the winding and cooling step is conducted by winding the coil while shower-cooling the hot-rolled material so that a temperature of the hot rolled material does not increase to a temperature at or above the Ms point, after the hot rolled material has been cooled to a temperature below the Ms point.
A mobile energizer node comprising a transmitter operable to transmit an energizing electromagnetic signal for a transceiver tag, the mobile energizer node comprising: a mobility adaptor for mounting the mobile energizer node on a movable device; and a further transceiver tag, the further transceiver tag being operable to wirelessly transmit an identification signal in the presence of an energizing electromagnetic signal, wherein the further transceiver tag is coupled to the mobile energizer node. a mobility adaptor for mounting the mobile energizer node on a movable device; and a further transceiver tag, the further transceiver tag being operable to wirelessly transmit an identification signal in the presence of an energizing electromagnetic signal, wherein the further transceiver tag is coupled to the mobile energizer node.
A method of processing a touch input of a portable terminal, the method comprising: detecting a hover input of a stylus physically separated from a touch screen of the portable terminal without physical contact with the touch screen; detecting a first touch input of a user's finger concurrent with the hover input, the user's finger being in physical contact with the touch screen; characterized in calculating a first distance between positions of the hover input and the first touch input; detecting a second touch input of the user's finger concurrent with the hover input, the user's finger being in physical contact with the touch screen; calculating a second distance between positions of the hover input and the second touch input; selecting the shortest distance among the first distance and the second distance by comparing the first distance and the second distance; comparing the selected distance with a predetermined threshold related to a distance; and in response to a result of the comparison, performing one of: (a) ignoring the first touch input and the second touch input when the selected distance exceeds the predetermined threshold, and (b) processing the first touch input and the second touch input when the selected distance is within the predetermined threshold even though a non-selected distance exceeds the predetermined threshold. detecting a hover input of a stylus physically separated from a touch screen of the portable terminal without physical contact with the touch screen; detecting a first touch input of a user's finger concurrent with the hover input, the user's finger being in physical contact with the touch screen; characterized in calculating a first distance between positions of the hover input and the first touch input; detecting a second touch input of the user's finger concurrent with the hover input, the user's finger being in physical contact with the touch screen; calculating a second distance between positions of the hover input and the second touch input; selecting the shortest distance among the first distance and the second distance by comparing the first distance and the second distance; comparing the selected distance with a predetermined threshold related to a distance; and in response to a result of the comparison, performing one of: (a) ignoring the first touch input and the second touch input when the selected distance exceeds the predetermined threshold, and (b) processing the first touch input and the second touch input when the selected distance is within the predetermined threshold even though a non-selected distance exceeds the predetermined threshold.
A data reading method comprising: i) obtaining, via an imager, an image (1000, 1800) containing at least one target item (10, 100, 102, 104, 106, 200, 300) bearing target data; ii) selecting, via a processor, a starting boundary pixel coordinate on a subregion of the image by identifying a high-contrast region in the image (1000, 1800); iii) determining, via the processor, an initial local binarization threshold based on the selected starting boundary pixel coordinate and a region of pixels surrounding the selected starting boundary pixel; iv) analyzing, via the processor, the image beginning at the starting boundary pixel coordinate and moving through a plurality of pixels in a surrounding area centered on the starting boundary pixel, wherein said analyzing comprises binarizing said starting boundary pixel and said plurality of pixels; v) determining, via the processor, whether one or more pixels of the plurality of pixels satisfies the initial local binarization threshold to determine a presence of one or more boundaries in the subregion of the image (1000, 1800); and systematically repeating ii), iii), iv) and v) for an adjacent subregion until the entire image (1000, 1800) is analyzed; analyzing, via the processor, the one or more boundaries to identify the at least one target item (10, 100, 102, 104, 106, 200, 300) in the image (1000, 1800). i) obtaining, via an imager, an image (1000, 1800) containing at least one target item (10, 100, 102, 104, 106, 200, 300) bearing target data; ii) selecting, via a processor, a starting boundary pixel coordinate on a subregion of the image by identifying a high-contrast region in the image (1000, 1800); iii) determining, via the processor, an initial local binarization threshold based on the selected starting boundary pixel coordinate and a region of pixels surrounding the selected starting boundary pixel; iv) analyzing, via the processor, the image beginning at the starting boundary pixel coordinate and moving through a plurality of pixels in a surrounding area centered on the starting boundary pixel, wherein said analyzing comprises binarizing said starting boundary pixel and said plurality of pixels; v) determining, via the processor, whether one or more pixels of the plurality of pixels satisfies the initial local binarization threshold to determine a presence of one or more boundaries in the subregion of the image (1000, 1800); and systematically repeating ii), iii), iv) and v) for an adjacent subregion until the entire image (1000, 1800) is analyzed; analyzing, via the processor, the one or more boundaries to identify the at least one target item (10, 100, 102, 104, 106, 200, 300) in the image (1000, 1800). systematically repeating ii), iii), iv) and v) for an adjacent subregion until the entire image (1000, 1800) is analyzed; analyzing, via the processor, the one or more boundaries to identify the at least one target item (10, 100, 102, 104, 106, 200, 300) in the image (1000, 1800).
A filter vial apparatus, comprising: a hollow tubular plunger having top and bottom ends (20, 22) with an opening at the bottom end of the plunger; a filter extending across the opening in the bottom end of the plunger; an annular cap fastened to the bottom end of the plunger, an outer sidewall of the cap extending along an outer surface of the bottom end of the plunger with a portion of that outer sidewall extending outward from the longitudinal axis of the plunger a predetermined distance, the annular cap having an inner sidewall forming a shaped cavity in fluid communication with the opening in the bottom end of the plunger; and a vial having an open top and a closed bottom having a central protrusion extending toward the open top of the vial, the vial having a sidewall that is sufficiently smaller in cross-section than the predetermined distance to form a fluid tight seal between the vial and annular cap, the bottom of the annular cap and the shaped cavity being configured to mate with the shape of the vial's bottom and the protrusion so as to force fluid in the vial through the shaped cavity and filter, wherein the bottom end of the plunger has an axial facing recess comprising a sidewall that is convex in shape and the cap has an outward facing surface on the inner sidewall that is configured to mate with the convex sidewall. a hollow tubular plunger having top and bottom ends (20, 22) with an opening at the bottom end of the plunger; a filter extending across the opening in the bottom end of the plunger; an annular cap fastened to the bottom end of the plunger, an outer sidewall of the cap extending along an outer surface of the bottom end of the plunger with a portion of that outer sidewall extending outward from the longitudinal axis of the plunger a predetermined distance, the annular cap having an inner sidewall forming a shaped cavity in fluid communication with the opening in the bottom end of the plunger; and a vial having an open top and a closed bottom having a central protrusion extending toward the open top of the vial, the vial having a sidewall that is sufficiently smaller in cross-section than the predetermined distance to form a fluid tight seal between the vial and annular cap, the bottom of the annular cap and the shaped cavity being configured to mate with the shape of the vial's bottom and the protrusion so as to force fluid in the vial through the shaped cavity and filter, wherein the bottom end of the plunger has an axial facing recess comprising a sidewall that is convex in shape and the cap has an outward facing surface on the inner sidewall that is configured to mate with the convex sidewall.
A cigarette paper which comprises at least one water-soluble salt, characterized in that the water-soluble salt is a salt which after heating to 230°C has lost more than 15%, preferably more than 25% of its initial mass when the heating, starting at a temperature of 30°C, is carried out at a heating rate of 5°C /min under a nitrogen flow of 25 ml/min, wherein the diffusion capacity of a cigarette paper, or of areas of a cigarette paper is increased, during thermal decomposition by more than 0.9 cm/s and/or by more than 50% based on the initial value of the diffusion capacity at 23°C before the thermal degradation.
A light emitting diode, comprising: a metal layer; a light emitting structure comprising a first conductive type semiconductor layer, an active layer, and a second conductive type semiconductor layer, said light emitting structure being disposed on the metal layer; an electrode comprising an electrode pad region disposed on a first upper portion of the second conductive type semiconductor layer and a current spreading portion disposed on a second upper portion of the second conductive type semiconductor layer; an adhesive layer disposed between the first conductive type semiconductor layer and the metal layer; a passivation layer disposed on an inclined surface of the light emitting structure and on a at least one upper surface of the light emitting structure; wherein the electrode has a first layer, wherein an upper surface of the electrode has a first roughness, wherein an upper surface of the second conductive type semiconductor layer has a second roughness, wherein the current spreading portion has an inclined surface; wherein the electrode has an inclined lateral surface; and wherein the inclined lateral surface of the electrode has a third roughness. a metal layer; a light emitting structure comprising a first conductive type semiconductor layer, an active layer, and a second conductive type semiconductor layer, said light emitting structure being disposed on the metal layer; an electrode comprising an electrode pad region disposed on a first upper portion of the second conductive type semiconductor layer and a current spreading portion disposed on a second upper portion of the second conductive type semiconductor layer; an adhesive layer disposed between the first conductive type semiconductor layer and the metal layer; a passivation layer disposed on an inclined surface of the light emitting structure and on a at least one upper surface of the light emitting structure; wherein the electrode has a first layer, wherein an upper surface of the electrode has a first roughness, wherein an upper surface of the second conductive type semiconductor layer has a second roughness, wherein the current spreading portion has an inclined surface; wherein the electrode has an inclined lateral surface; and wherein the inclined lateral surface of the electrode has a third roughness.
A brake for a rotating member, said brake used with a liquid coolant, comprising: a housing for containing said liquid; a stationary element (32, 36, 40) disposed in said housing; a wear plate disposed on said stationary element; a friction element coupled to said rotating member for contacting said wear plate; and characterized by: a removable heat transfer insert disposed adjacent said wear plate and in fluid communication with said liquid, said removable heat transfer insert consisting of a non-galvanic material. a housing for containing said liquid; a stationary element (32, 36, 40) disposed in said housing; a wear plate disposed on said stationary element; a friction element coupled to said rotating member for contacting said wear plate; and characterized by: a removable heat transfer insert disposed adjacent said wear plate and in fluid communication with said liquid, said removable heat transfer insert consisting of a non-galvanic material.