A Raman signal measuring method comprising: transmitting a first timing signal from a timing controller to an optical illumination system that includes a light source; emitting (S11, S22), from the optical illumination system, exciting light toward a target object, wherein the emitting of the exciting light is started according to the first timing signal by using a first shutter (114, 134) configured to open or close an optical path of the light emitted by the light source (112, 132) toward the target object, wherein the first shutter (114, 134) is opened according to the first timing signal; detecting (S12, S23), by using an optical detection system that includes an optical detector, before fluorescence is generated from the target object by the exciting light, an intensity of light scattered from the object according to the wavelengths of the scattered light, thereby obtaining a Raman spectrum; transmitting a second timing signal from the timing controller to the optical detection system; wherein the light scattered from the target object is blocked from being incident on the optical detector according to the second timing signal by using a second shutter (214, 234, 244, 254, 264) configured to open or close an optical path along which light scattered from the target object propagates toward the optical detector (216, 236, 246, 256, 266), wherein the second shutter (214. 234, 244, 254, 264) is closed according to the second timing signal; and wherein a transmission time difference between the transmitting of the first timing signal and the transmitting of the second timing signal is shorter than a time period taken for the fluorescence to be generated from the target object by the exciting light. transmitting a first timing signal from a timing controller to an optical illumination system that includes a light source; emitting (S11, S22), from the optical illumination system, exciting light toward a target object, wherein the emitting of the exciting light is started according to the first timing signal by using a first shutter (114, 134) configured to open or close an optical path of the light emitted by the light source (112, 132) toward the target object, wherein the first shutter (114, 134) is opened according to the first timing signal; detecting (S12, S23), by using an optical detection system that includes an optical detector, before fluorescence is generated from the target object by the exciting light, an intensity of light scattered from the object according to the wavelengths of the scattered light, thereby obtaining a Raman spectrum; transmitting a second timing signal from the timing controller to the optical detection system; wherein the light scattered from the target object is blocked from being incident on the optical detector according to the second timing signal by using a second shutter (214, 234, 244, 254, 264) configured to open or close an optical path along which light scattered from the target object propagates toward the optical detector (216, 236, 246, 256, 266), wherein the second shutter (214. 234, 244, 254, 264) is closed according to the second timing signal; and wherein a transmission time difference between the transmitting of the first timing signal and the transmitting of the second timing signal is shorter than a time period taken for the fluorescence to be generated from the target object by the exciting light.