An electromagnetic treatment apparatus for humans to enhance angiogenesis and neovascularization comprising: a waveform configuration means comprising a control circuit for configuring at least one waveform to be coupled to an angiogenesis and neovascularization target pathway structure according to a mathematical model having at least one waveform parameter (401, 402, 403, 404) capable of being chosen so that said at least one waveform is configured to be detectable in said angiogenesis and neovascularization target structure above background activity in said angiogenesis and neovascularization target pathway structure; an electromagnetic signal generating means connected to said control circuit by at least one connecting means for generating an electromagnetic signal from said configured at least one waveform; and a coupling device, comprising electrical coils or an electrode connected by at least one connecting means to said electromagnetic signal generating device for coupling said electromagnetic signal to said angiogenesis and neovascularization target pathway structure; wherein the waveform includes 0.01 millisecond to 10 millisecond bursts of 27.12 MHz sinusoidal waves repeating at 1 to 100 bursts per second; wherein the mathematical model includes determining the amplitude of the waveform using power signal to noise ratio based on a calculation of power spectral density, S n (ω), of thermal noise of: S n ω = 4 ⁢ κ ⁢ TRe Z M x ω where Z M (x,ω) is electrical impedance of a target pathway structure, x is a dimension of a target pathway structure and Re denotes a real part of impedance of a target pathway structure and Z M (x,ω) can be expressed as: Z M x ω = Re + Ri + Rg γ tanh γx, wherein Re = extracellular fluid resistance, Ri = intracellular fluid resistance and Rg = intermembrane resistance. a waveform configuration means comprising a control circuit for configuring at least one waveform to be coupled to an angiogenesis and neovascularization target pathway structure according to a mathematical model having at least one waveform parameter (401, 402, 403, 404) capable of being chosen so that said at least one waveform is configured to be detectable in said angiogenesis and neovascularization target structure above background activity in said angiogenesis and neovascularization target pathway structure; an electromagnetic signal generating means connected to said control circuit by at least one connecting means for generating an electromagnetic signal from said configured at least one waveform; and a coupling device, comprising electrical coils or an electrode connected by at least one connecting means to said electromagnetic signal generating device for coupling said electromagnetic signal to said angiogenesis and neovascularization target pathway structure; wherein the waveform includes 0.01 millisecond to 10 millisecond bursts of 27.12 MHz sinusoidal waves repeating at 1 to 100 bursts per second; wherein the mathematical model includes determining the amplitude of the waveform using power signal to noise ratio based on a calculation of power spectral density, S n (ω), of thermal noise of: S n ω = 4 ⁢ κ ⁢ TRe Z M x ω where Z M (x,ω) is electrical impedance of a target pathway structure, x is a dimension of a target pathway structure and Re denotes a real part of impedance of a target pathway structure and Z M (x,ω) can be expressed as: Z M x ω = Re + Ri + Rg γ tanh γx, wherein Re = extracellular fluid resistance, Ri = intracellular fluid resistance and Rg = intermembrane resistance. wherein Re = extracellular fluid resistance, Ri = intracellular fluid resistance and Rg = intermembrane resistance.