An apparatus for illuminating a target surface with a predetermined composite pattern of light comprising: a light source generating light having a predetermined radiation pattern (7, 8, 9, 13) radiated into a predetermined solid angle; a reflector onto which light from the light source is incident and which incident light (9, 13) is reflected from the reflector with a single reflection to form a reflection pattern; and an optic having an inner and outer surface (4, 11), the reflector occupying a portion of the predetermined solid angle around the light source to the exclusion of the optic at least with respect to any optical function to directly receive a second portion of light (9, 13) from the light source, the optic occupying substantially all of the remaining portion of the predetermined solid angle to directly receive a first portion of light (7, 8) from the light source, a reflected beam from the reflector including substantially all of the second portion of light (9, 13) and being reflected into a predetermined reflection pattern, the inner or outer surface (4, 11) of the optic being shaped to refract or direct light which is directly transmitted into the optic from the light source from the first portion of light and reflected into the optic from the reflector from the reflected beam into a predetermined beam, which when incident on the target surface forms the predetermined composite pattern of light on the target surface, wherein the optic is spatially configured with respect to the light source to directly receive substantially all of the light in the predetermined radiation pattern of the light source other than that portion directly incident on the reflector, which is reflected onto the inner surface of the optic, so that substantially all of the light in the predetermined radiation pattern, which is not absorbed or misdirected as a result of imperfect optical properties of the optic and reflector, is directed by the optic into the predetermined beam, characterized in that the light source, optic and reflector comprise a lighting device, and further comprising a plurality of lighting devices and a carrier, the lighting devices arranged on the carrier to form an array of lighting devices to additively produce a predetermined collective beam which illuminates the target surface with the predetermined composite pattern of light; wherein the outer surface is smooth to shed environmental borne material that might otherwise obscure or reduce optical transmissibility of the outer surface, and wherein the predetermined radiation pattern of the light source is substantially hemispherical, where the light source is positioned on an imaginary reference plane with the reflector subtending an azimuthal angle in the imaginary reference plane relative to the light source of less than 360°. a light source generating light having a predetermined radiation pattern (7, 8, 9, 13) radiated into a predetermined solid angle; a reflector onto which light from the light source is incident and which incident light (9, 13) is reflected from the reflector with a single reflection to form a reflection pattern; and an optic having an inner and outer surface (4, 11), the reflector occupying a portion of the predetermined solid angle around the light source to the exclusion of the optic at least with respect to any optical function to directly receive a second portion of light (9, 13) from the light source, the optic occupying substantially all of the remaining portion of the predetermined solid angle to directly receive a first portion of light (7, 8) from the light source, a reflected beam from the reflector including substantially all of the second portion of light (9, 13) and being reflected into a predetermined reflection pattern, the inner or outer surface (4, 11) of the optic being shaped to refract or direct light which is directly transmitted into the optic from the light source from the first portion of light and reflected into the optic from the reflector from the reflected beam into a predetermined beam, which when incident on the target surface forms the predetermined composite pattern of light on the target surface,