A random access method, comprising: detecting a scheduling instruction of a second message in a first period of a timer after a user equipment (120, 600, 1110), named UE hereinafter, sends a first message; receiving the second message according to the scheduling instruction; the second message comprising at least one of the following: a first conflict resolution identifier, a second conflict resolution identifier, first indication information, and second indication information, wherein the first conflict resolution identifier is used for conflict resolution of a connected UE; the second conflict resolution identifier is used for conflict resolution of an idle UE, an inactive UE, or the connected UE; the first indication information is used for indicating that a two-step random access process returns to a four-step random access process; the second message further comprises a media access control, named MAC hereinafter, protocol data unit, named PDU hereinafter, and the MAC PDU comprises at least one of the following: a second MAC control element, named CE hereinafter, wherein the second MAC CE carries the second conflict resolution identifier; a third MAC CE, wherein the third MAC CE carries a random access response, named RAR hereinafter, and the RAR is used to indicate that the two-step random access process returns to the four-step random access process; the MAC PDU comprises a plurality of first MAC sub-PDUs, which comprise a first sub-header and a target MAC CE, the first sub-header carries third indication information, and the third indication information is used to indicate a type of the target MAC CE, the type of the target MAC CE comprises the second MAC CE and the third MAC CE, the method is characterized in that the first sub-header further carries second type information, and the second type information is used to indicate whether the first sub-header further contains RAPID or backoff indication, named BI hereinafter, information. detecting a scheduling instruction of a second message in a first period of a timer after a user equipment (120, 600, 1110), named UE hereinafter, sends a first message; receiving the second message according to the scheduling instruction; the second message comprising at least one of the following: a first conflict resolution identifier, a second conflict resolution identifier, first indication information, and second indication information, wherein the first conflict resolution identifier is used for conflict resolution of a connected UE; the second conflict resolution identifier is used for conflict resolution of an idle UE, an inactive UE, or the connected UE; the first indication information is used for indicating that a two-step random access process returns to a four-step random access process; the second message further comprises a media access control, named MAC hereinafter, protocol data unit, named PDU hereinafter, and the MAC PDU comprises at least one of the following: a second MAC control element, named CE hereinafter, wherein the second MAC CE carries the second conflict resolution identifier; a third MAC CE, wherein the third MAC CE carries a random access response, named RAR hereinafter, and the RAR is used to indicate that the two-step random access process returns to the four-step random access process; a second MAC control element, named CE hereinafter, wherein the second MAC CE carries the second conflict resolution identifier; a third MAC CE, wherein the third MAC CE carries a random access response, named RAR hereinafter, and the RAR is used to indicate that the two-step random access process returns to the four-step random access process; the MAC PDU comprises a plurality of first MAC sub-PDUs, which comprise a first sub-header and a target MAC CE, the first sub-header carries third indication information, and the third indication information is used to indicate a type of the target MAC CE, the type of the target MAC CE comprises the second MAC CE and the third MAC CE, the method is characterized in that the first sub-header further carries second type information, and the second type information is used to indicate whether the first sub-header further contains RAPID or backoff indication, named BI hereinafter, information.