A vehicle external communication method performed by a vehicle in a transportation system, wherein the method comprises: • sending an association registration request message to a management device, wherein the association registration request message is used to indicate that the vehicle requests to establish a control association with the management device, and the control association comprises that the vehicle receives an application request message sent by the management device and sends an application response message to the management device according to the application request message (step 401), wherein that the vehicle receives the application request message sent by the management device and sends the application response message to the management device according to the application request message comprises: ∘ receiving a query request message that is sent by the management device and that comprises a vehicle parameter identifier, wherein the vehicle parameter identifier comprises: ∘ a vehicle item identifier, and ∘ a vehicle subitem identifier, wherein the vehicle item identifier is a vehicle specification identifier and the vehicle subitem identifier is an emission identifier, and a vehicle parameter corresponding to the vehicle item identifier comprises a further vehicle parameter corresponding to the vehicle subitem identifier; and ∘ sending a query response message to the management device, wherein the query response message comprises the vehicle parameter corresponding to the vehicle parameter identifier, wherein the further vehicle parameter corresponding to the emission identifier is used at the management device to schedule a time-domain road resource of the vehicle based on the further vehicle parameter; • receiving a first association registration response message that is sent by the management device and that comprises a success identifier, and • establishing the control association with the management device according to the first association registration response message, wherein the first association registration response message is used to indicate that the vehicle is allowed to establish the control association with the management device (step 402). • sending an association registration request message to a management device, wherein the association registration request message is used to indicate that the vehicle requests to establish a control association with the management device, and the control association comprises that the vehicle receives an application request message sent by the management device and sends an application response message to the management device according to the application request message (step 401), wherein that the vehicle receives the application request message sent by the management device and sends the application response message to the management device according to the application request message comprises: ∘ receiving a query request message that is sent by the management device and that comprises a vehicle parameter identifier, wherein the vehicle parameter identifier comprises: ∘ a vehicle item identifier, and ∘ a vehicle subitem identifier, wherein the vehicle item identifier is a vehicle specification identifier and the vehicle subitem identifier is an emission identifier, and a vehicle parameter corresponding to the vehicle item identifier comprises a further vehicle parameter corresponding to the vehicle subitem identifier; and ∘ sending a query response message to the management device, wherein the query response message comprises the vehicle parameter corresponding to the vehicle parameter identifier, wherein the further vehicle parameter corresponding to the emission identifier is used at the management device to schedule a time-domain road resource of the vehicle based on the further vehicle parameter; ∘ receiving a query request message that is sent by the management device and that comprises a vehicle parameter identifier, wherein the vehicle parameter identifier comprises: ∘ a vehicle item identifier, and ∘ a vehicle subitem identifier, wherein the vehicle item identifier is a vehicle specification identifier and the vehicle subitem identifier is an emission identifier, and a vehicle parameter corresponding to the vehicle item identifier comprises a further vehicle parameter corresponding to the vehicle subitem identifier; and ∘ a vehicle item identifier, and ∘ a vehicle subitem identifier, wherein the vehicle item identifier is a vehicle specification identifier and the vehicle subitem identifier is an emission identifier, and a vehicle parameter corresponding to the vehicle item identifier comprises a further vehicle parameter corresponding to the vehicle subitem identifier; and ∘ sending a query response message to the management device, wherein the query response message comprises the vehicle parameter corresponding to the vehicle parameter identifier, wherein the further vehicle parameter corresponding to the emission identifier is used at the management device to schedule a time-domain road resource of the vehicle based on the further vehicle parameter; • receiving a first association registration response message that is sent by the management device and that comprises a success identifier, and • establishing the control association with the management device according to the first association registration response message, wherein the first association registration response message is used to indicate that the vehicle is allowed to establish the control association with the management device (step 402).