Device for detecting the resistance of bacteria to an active substance to be analyzed, comprising: a microfluidic chip (10, 50) comprising: fluidic structures having a fluid inlet (20, 56) and an interaction chamber (22, 52) fluidically connected to the fluid inlet (20, 56); a labeled substrate (26, 62) that is immobilized inside the interaction chamber (22, 52) and is configured to enter into a verifiable interaction with bacterial factors of bacteria, so that by introducing a culture medium containing an active substance to be analyzed and the bacteria into the interaction chamber (22, 52) and by detecting the result of the verifiable interaction, it can be ascertained whether the bacteria are resistant to the active substance to be analyzed, wherein bacteria that are resistant to the active substance to be analyzed can form respective bacterial factors, a void volume of the fluidic structures not exceeding 100 μl; a detector (12, 66) configured to detect information that is a measure of whether or not the verifiable interaction has taken place; and an analyzer configured to output, on the basis of the detected information, a display with regard to the resistance of the bacteria to the active substance to be analyzed, wherein the substrate (26, 62) is labeled with a substance that is detached from the substrate (26, 62) by the interaction with the bacterial factors, and wherein the fluidic structures of the microfluidic module comprise a detection chamber (30, 54) fluidically coupled to the interaction chamber (22, 52), a retention device (32, 60) being fluidically connected between the interaction chamber (22, 52) and the detection chamber (30, 54), the retention device being configured to allow labels and/or labeled substrate fragments, which are detached from the labeled substrate (26, 62) on account of the interaction, to pass through and to retain the bacteria. a microfluidic chip (10, 50) comprising: fluidic structures having a fluid inlet (20, 56) and an interaction chamber (22, 52) fluidically connected to the fluid inlet (20, 56); a labeled substrate (26, 62) that is immobilized inside the interaction chamber (22, 52) and is configured to enter into a verifiable interaction with bacterial factors of bacteria, so that by introducing a culture medium containing an active substance to be analyzed and the bacteria into the interaction chamber (22, 52) and by detecting the result of the verifiable interaction, it can be ascertained whether the bacteria are resistant to the active substance to be analyzed, wherein bacteria that are resistant to the active substance to be analyzed can form respective bacterial factors, a void volume of the fluidic structures not exceeding 100 μl; fluidic structures having a fluid inlet (20, 56) and an interaction chamber (22, 52) fluidically connected to the fluid inlet (20, 56); a labeled substrate (26, 62) that is immobilized inside the interaction chamber (22, 52) and is configured to enter into a verifiable interaction with bacterial factors of bacteria, so that by introducing a culture medium containing an active substance to be analyzed and the bacteria into the interaction chamber (22, 52) and by detecting the result of the verifiable interaction, it can be ascertained whether the bacteria are resistant to the active substance to be analyzed, wherein bacteria that are resistant to the active substance to be analyzed can form respective bacterial factors, a void volume of the fluidic structures not exceeding 100 μl; a detector (12, 66) configured to detect information that is a measure of whether or not the verifiable interaction has taken place; and an analyzer configured to output, on the basis of the detected information, a display with regard to the resistance of the bacteria to the active substance to be analyzed, wherein the substrate (26, 62) is labeled with a substance that is detached from the substrate (26, 62) by the interaction with the bacterial factors, and wherein the fluidic structures of the microfluidic module comprise a detection chamber (30, 54) fluidically coupled to the interaction chamber (22, 52), a retention device (32, 60) being fluidically connected between the interaction chamber (22, 52) and the detection chamber (30, 54), the retention device being configured to allow labels and/or labeled substrate fragments, which are detached from the labeled substrate (26, 62) on account of the interaction, to pass through and to retain the bacteria.