A dry filter, comprising: a barrel; a first end cover and a second end cover, sealing two ends of the barrel respectively; a first filter layer, provided at an end, close to the first end cover, in the barrel; and a dry layer, provided in the barrel and located at a side, away from the first end cover, of the first filter layer, the dry layer comprising a first filter plate close to the first filter layer and a second filter plate away from the first filter layer, the first filter plate, the second filter plate and a barrel wall of the barrel forming a dry chamber, the dry filter further comprising a first fixing structure and a second filter layer, the first fixing structure defining the position of the second filter plate in the barrel, such that a buffer chamber is formed between the second filter plate, an inner wall of the barrel and the second end cover, and the second filter layer being located in the buffer chamber, characterized in that the first fixing structure comprises: a first bottom plate, abutting against the second end cover, a first overflowing hole being provided on the first bottom plate; and a plurality of first clamping jaws, provided on the first bottom plate, a first accommodating space for accommodating the second filter layer being formed between the first clamping jaws, wherein an end, away from the second end cover, of each first clamping jaw abutting against the second filter plate. a barrel; a first end cover and a second end cover, sealing two ends of the barrel respectively; a first filter layer, provided at an end, close to the first end cover, in the barrel; and a dry layer, provided in the barrel and located at a side, away from the first end cover, of the first filter layer, the dry layer comprising a first filter plate close to the first filter layer and a second filter plate away from the first filter layer, the first filter plate, the second filter plate and a barrel wall of the barrel forming a dry chamber, the dry filter further comprising a first fixing structure and a second filter layer, the first fixing structure defining the position of the second filter plate in the barrel, such that a buffer chamber is formed between the second filter plate, an inner wall of the barrel and the second end cover, and the second filter layer being located in the buffer chamber, characterized in that the first fixing structure comprises: a first bottom plate, abutting against the second end cover, a first overflowing hole being provided on the first bottom plate; and a plurality of first clamping jaws, provided on the first bottom plate, a first accommodating space for accommodating the second filter layer being formed between the first clamping jaws, wherein an end, away from the second end cover, of each first clamping jaw abutting against the second filter plate. a first bottom plate, abutting against the second end cover, a first overflowing hole being provided on the first bottom plate; and a plurality of first clamping jaws, provided on the first bottom plate, a first accommodating space for accommodating the second filter layer being formed between the first clamping jaws, wherein an end, away from the second end cover, of each first clamping jaw abutting against the second filter plate.