A reference signal mapping apparatus, wherein the apparatus comprises: • a receiving unit, configured to receive first indication information, wherein the first indication information comprises at least port information of a first preset antenna port; and • a processing unit, configured to detect whether the first indication information comprises time-frequency resource extension indication information; wherein • the receiving unit is further configured to receive at least one reference signal on a first preset time-frequency resource group if the first indication information does not comprise the time-frequency resource extension indication information, wherein the first preset time-frequency resource group is a time-frequency resource group corresponding to the first preset antenna port; • the receiving unit is further configured to receive the at least one reference signal on a second preset time-frequency resource group if the first indication information comprises the time-frequency resource extension indication information, wherein the second preset time-frequency resource group comprises the first preset time-frequency resource group and an extended time-frequency resource group, wherein the extended time-frequency resource group is a further time-frequency resource group provided in addition to the first preset time-frequency resource group, wherein the time-frequency resource extension indication information is used to indicate that a time-frequency resource on which the at least one reference signal is located comprises the extended time-frequency resource group, and the extended time-frequency resource group comprises a plurality of resource elements, REs, on a preset orthogonal frequency division multiplexing, OFDM, symbol; and • the processing unit is further configured to demodulate a control signal and/or a data signal based on the at least one reference signal. • a receiving unit, configured to receive first indication information, wherein the first indication information comprises at least port information of a first preset antenna port; and • a processing unit, configured to detect whether the first indication information comprises time-frequency resource extension indication information; wherein • the receiving unit is further configured to receive at least one reference signal on a first preset time-frequency resource group if the first indication information does not comprise the time-frequency resource extension indication information, wherein the first preset time-frequency resource group is a time-frequency resource group corresponding to the first preset antenna port; • the receiving unit is further configured to receive the at least one reference signal on a second preset time-frequency resource group if the first indication information comprises the time-frequency resource extension indication information, wherein the second preset time-frequency resource group comprises the first preset time-frequency resource group and an extended time-frequency resource group, wherein the extended time-frequency resource group is a further time-frequency resource group provided in addition to the first preset time-frequency resource group, wherein the time-frequency resource extension indication information is used to indicate that a time-frequency resource on which the at least one reference signal is located comprises the extended time-frequency resource group, and the extended time-frequency resource group comprises a plurality of resource elements, REs, on a preset orthogonal frequency division multiplexing, OFDM, symbol; and wherein the extended time-frequency resource group is a further time-frequency resource group provided in addition to the first preset time-frequency resource group, wherein the time-frequency resource extension indication information is used to indicate that a time-frequency resource on which the at least one reference signal is located comprises the extended time-frequency resource group, and the extended time-frequency resource group comprises a plurality of resource elements, REs, on a preset orthogonal frequency division multiplexing, OFDM, symbol; and • the processing unit is further configured to demodulate a control signal and/or a data signal based on the at least one reference signal.