A method for producing a surface-modified component, comprising the steps of: performing the following process (a) and process (b) in this order; and then performing the following process (c) and process (d) once in this order or, alternatively, plural times in this order, wherein (a): a process of forming, on a substrate comprising a material of a metal, an alloy, or a cermet, a thermal sprayed coating comprising a material of a metal, an alloy, or a cermet different from the material of the substrate, (b): a process of irradiating a surface of the thermal sprayed coating which has been formed by the process (a) with a laser beam so as to cause an entirety of the thermal sprayed coating and a part of the substrate in a thickness direction to melt and then solidify, and thereby forming a densified modified layer and diluting the components of the substrate in the densified modified layer to 10 - 50 % by one time of laser irradiation, (c): a process of forming, on the modified layer which has been formed in the latest, a thermal sprayed coating comprising a material of a metal, an alloy, or a cermet different from the material of the substrate, and (d): a process of irradiating a surface of the thermal sprayed coating which has been formed by the process (c) with a laser beam so as to cause an entirety of the thermal sprayed coating and a part of the modified layer which has been formed in the latest in a thickness direction to melt and then solidify, and thereby forming a densified modified layer and further diluting the components of the substrate in the densified modified layer to 10 - 50 % based on the components of the substrate in the underlying densified modified layer, by one time of laser irradiation, and wherein all of the thermal sprayed coatings formed by the method have a coating thickness of 50 - 300 μm. performing the following process (a) and process (b) in this order; and then performing the following process (c) and process (d) once in this order or, alternatively, plural times in this order, wherein (a): a process of forming, on a substrate comprising a material of a metal, an alloy, or a cermet, a thermal sprayed coating comprising a material of a metal, an alloy, or a cermet different from the material of the substrate, (b): a process of irradiating a surface of the thermal sprayed coating which has been formed by the process (a) with a laser beam so as to cause an entirety of the thermal sprayed coating and a part of the substrate in a thickness direction to melt and then solidify, and thereby forming a densified modified layer and diluting the components of the substrate in the densified modified layer to 10 - 50 % by one time of laser irradiation, (c): a process of forming, on the modified layer which has been formed in the latest, a thermal sprayed coating comprising a material of a metal, an alloy, or a cermet different from the material of the substrate, and (d): a process of irradiating a surface of the thermal sprayed coating which has been formed by the process (c) with a laser beam so as to cause an entirety of the thermal sprayed coating and a part of the modified layer which has been formed in the latest in a thickness direction to melt and then solidify, and thereby forming a densified modified layer and further diluting the components of the substrate in the densified modified layer to 10 - 50 % based on the components of the substrate in the underlying densified modified layer, by one time of laser irradiation, and (a): a process of forming, on a substrate comprising a material of a metal, an alloy, or a cermet, a thermal sprayed coating comprising a material of a metal, an alloy, or a cermet different from the material of the substrate, (b): a process of irradiating a surface of the thermal sprayed coating which has been formed by the process (a) with a laser beam so as to cause an entirety of the thermal sprayed coating and a part of the substrate in a thickness direction to melt and then solidify, and thereby forming a densified modified layer and diluting the components of the substrate in the densified modified layer to 10 - 50 % by one time of laser irradiation, (c): a process of forming, on the modified layer which has been formed in the latest, a thermal sprayed coating comprising a material of a metal, an alloy, or a cermet different from the material of the substrate, and (d): a process of irradiating a surface of the thermal sprayed coating which has been formed by the process (c) with a laser beam so as to cause an entirety of the thermal sprayed coating and a part of the modified layer which has been formed in the latest in a thickness direction to melt and then solidify, and thereby forming a densified modified layer and further diluting the components of the substrate in the densified modified layer to 10 - 50 % based on the components of the substrate in the underlying densified modified layer, by one time of laser irradiation, and wherein all of the thermal sprayed coatings formed by the method have a coating thickness of 50 - 300 μm.