A cascaded full-bridge high-voltage direct current circuit breaker, the direct current circuit breaker comprising a primary through-current branch, a current transfer branch and an energy absorption branch, which are connected in parallel; the primary through-current branch comprising a mechanical switch and a full-bridge module circuit connected in series, the full-bridge module circuit comprising at least 2n full-bridge module units, and n is greater than or equal to 1; the current transfer branch comprising at least two full-bridge module units connected in series; and the energy absorption branch comprising a lightning arrester; wherein each full-bridge module unit comprises a first resistor, a first capacitor and four full-controlled power electronic devices (1, 2, 3, 4); the four full-controlled power electronic devices (1, 2, 3, 4) form a power module of a full-bridge structure, wherein a first full-controlled power electronic device and a second full-controlled power electronic device are arranged in series forming an upper bridge arm of the power module, and wherein a third full-controlled power electronic device and a fourth full-controlled power electronic device are arranged in series forming a lower bridge arm of the power module, the upper bridge arm of the power module being arranged in parallel to the lower bridge arm of the power module; and the first resistor is connected in parallel with two ends of the first capacitor, characterized in that each full-bridge module further comprises a first diode; the first capacitor and the first diode, being connected in series, are connected between the upper bridge arm of the power module, between the first full-controlled power electronic device and the second full-controlled power electronic device of said upper bridge arm, on the one hand, and the lower bridge arm of the power module, between the third full-controlled power electronic device and the fourth full-controlled power electronic device of the lower bridge arm, on the other hand, so that when an Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor, IGBT, is conducted, a blocking capacitor voltage of the first diode is discharged through the parallel first resistor only, and is not discharged to the IGBT. the primary through-current branch comprising a mechanical switch and a full-bridge module circuit connected in series, the full-bridge module circuit comprising at least 2n full-bridge module units, and n is greater than or equal to 1; the current transfer branch comprising at least two full-bridge module units connected in series; and the energy absorption branch comprising a lightning arrester; wherein each full-bridge module unit comprises a first resistor, a first capacitor and four full-controlled power electronic devices (1, 2, 3, 4); the four full-controlled power electronic devices (1, 2, 3, 4) form a power module of a full-bridge structure, wherein a first full-controlled power electronic device and a second full-controlled power electronic device are arranged in series forming an upper bridge arm of the power module, and wherein a third full-controlled power electronic device and a fourth full-controlled power electronic device are arranged in series forming a lower bridge arm of the power module, the upper bridge arm of the power module being arranged in parallel to the lower bridge arm of the power module; and the first resistor is connected in parallel with two ends of the first capacitor, characterized in that each full-bridge module further comprises a first diode; the first capacitor and the first diode, being connected in series, are connected between the upper bridge arm of the power module, between the first full-controlled power electronic device and the second full-controlled power electronic device of said upper bridge arm, on the one hand, and the lower bridge arm of the power module, between the third full-controlled power electronic device and the fourth full-controlled power electronic device of the lower bridge arm, on the other hand, so that when an Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor, IGBT, is conducted, a blocking capacitor voltage of the first diode is discharged through the parallel first resistor only, and is not discharged to the IGBT.