A biological sensor based system for detecting odors, comprising: a) a compartment for completely secluding and enclosing a biological sensor located therewithin, said compartment being sufficiently large to enable said biological sensor to perform normal animal motions as well as an odor detection operation; b) an air inlet within said compartment through which odor laden air is introducible into an interior of said compartment; c) an air outlet through which said odor laden air is dischargeable from said compartment; d) one or more signal generating sensors (21, 24, 52) for measuring physical reactions of said biological sensor in response to the introduction into said compartment interior of said odor laden air; and e) an analysis unit for determining whether said measured physical reactions are indicative of known reactions of said biological sensor upon detecting a predetermined target odor, characterized in that: said compartment is sufficiently small to ensure that there will be no space in said compartment to contain a handler or further biological sensors performing odor detection operations in addition to said biological sensor, and that said biological sensor will be prevented from running or roaming therewithin, to conserve its energy; said analysis unit is configured to automatically transmit a first alert signal to a law enforcement entity or relevant official authorities when said measured physical reactions are found to be indicative of said known reaction of said biological sensor upon detecting said predetermined target odor; said system further comprises: f) one or more additional signal generating sensors for determining an awareness level of the biological sensor and whether the biological sensor is presently sufficiently fit to continue performing said odor detection operations, and wherein said analysis unit is additionally configured to receive an awareness level indicative signal from said one or more additional signal generating sensors. a) a compartment for completely secluding and enclosing a biological sensor located therewithin, said compartment being sufficiently large to enable said biological sensor to perform normal animal motions as well as an odor detection operation; b) an air inlet within said compartment through which odor laden air is introducible into an interior of said compartment; c) an air outlet through which said odor laden air is dischargeable from said compartment; d) one or more signal generating sensors (21, 24, 52) for measuring physical reactions of said biological sensor in response to the introduction into said compartment interior of said odor laden air; and e) an analysis unit for determining whether said measured physical reactions are indicative of known reactions of said biological sensor upon detecting a predetermined target odor, said compartment is sufficiently small to ensure that there will be no space in said compartment to contain a handler or further biological sensors performing odor detection operations in addition to said biological sensor, and that said biological sensor will be prevented from running or roaming therewithin, to conserve its energy; said analysis unit is configured to automatically transmit a first alert signal to a law enforcement entity or relevant official authorities when said measured physical reactions are found to be indicative of said known reaction of said biological sensor upon detecting said predetermined target odor; said system further comprises: f) one or more additional signal generating sensors for determining an awareness level of the biological sensor and whether the biological sensor is presently sufficiently fit to continue performing said odor detection operations, and f) one or more additional signal generating sensors for determining an awareness level of the biological sensor and whether the biological sensor is presently sufficiently fit to continue performing said odor detection operations, and wherein said analysis unit is additionally configured to receive an awareness level indicative signal from said one or more additional signal generating sensors.