A vehicle wheel supporting rolling bearing unit comprising: an outer diameter side bearing ring member having an outer ring raceway (19a, 19b) on an inner peripheral surface; an inner diameter side bearing ring member having an inner ring raceway (24a, 24b) on an outer peripheral surface; and a plurality of rolling elements rollably provided between the outer ring raceway (19a, 19b) and the inner ring raceway (24a, 24b), wherein one of the outer diameter side bearing ring member and the inner diameter side bearing ring member is a stationary side bearing ring member which is supported and fixed to a suspension device and non-rotatable in a use state, and the other bearing ring member (23, 16) is a rotation side bearing ring member which is coupled and fixed to a vehicle wheel and is configured to rotate together with the vehicle wheel, and characterized in that a part of the rotation side bearing ring member (23, 16) is provided with at least three acceleration sensors (52, 53, 54) including a first acceleration sensor, a second acceleration sensor, and a third acceleration sensor which are fixed on a virtual plane orthogonal to a center axis of the rotation side bearing ring member (23, 16), the first acceleration sensor and the second acceleration sensor are arranged on a virtual line passing through a rotation center of the rotation side bearing ring member (23, 16) with a same distance (A, B) from the rotation center in a state where detection directions (α, β) thereof are directed in a radial direction of the rotation side bearing ring member (23, 16) and are opposite to each other in the radial direction, and the third acceleration sensor is arranged such that a detection direction (γ) thereof is non-parallel to the detection directions of the first acceleration sensor and the second acceleration sensor. an outer diameter side bearing ring member having an outer ring raceway (19a, 19b) on an inner peripheral surface; an inner diameter side bearing ring member having an inner ring raceway (24a, 24b) on an outer peripheral surface; and a plurality of rolling elements rollably provided between the outer ring raceway (19a, 19b) and the inner ring raceway (24a, 24b), wherein one of the outer diameter side bearing ring member and the inner diameter side bearing ring member is a stationary side bearing ring member which is supported and fixed to a suspension device and non-rotatable in a use state, and the other bearing ring member (23, 16) is a rotation side bearing ring member which is coupled and fixed to a vehicle wheel and is configured to rotate together with the vehicle wheel, and characterized in that a part of the rotation side bearing ring member (23, 16) is provided with at least three acceleration sensors (52, 53, 54) including a first acceleration sensor, a second acceleration sensor, and a third acceleration sensor which are fixed on a virtual plane orthogonal to a center axis of the rotation side bearing ring member (23, 16), the first acceleration sensor and the second acceleration sensor are arranged on a virtual line passing through a rotation center of the rotation side bearing ring member (23, 16) with a same distance (A, B) from the rotation center in a state where detection directions (α, β) thereof are directed in a radial direction of the rotation side bearing ring member (23, 16) and are opposite to each other in the radial direction, and the third acceleration sensor is arranged such that a detection direction (γ) thereof is non-parallel to the detection directions of the first acceleration sensor and the second acceleration sensor.