System for measuring the spatial distribution of the spectral emission of a measurement zone of an object, comprising, successively along an optical axis of the system: - a first Fourier lens forming an image on a predetermined Fourier surface on which each point corresponds to an emission direction of the object for a particular wavelength, - a slit which forms means for selecting a portion of the image formed by the first lens corresponding to a particular azimuth of the spectral emission of the object, the selection means having a selection surface shaped according to the predetermined Fourier surface, - a second Fourier lens which is arranged after the selection means and cooperates with the first Fourier lens to produce an optically conjugate image plane of the measurement zone, - a diaphragm located on this conjugate plane such that the measurement zone, when viewed through the diaphragm, has an apparent surface approximately independent of the direction, the first and second lenses having a common optical axis forming the optical axis of the system, - and light scattering means which make it possible to scatter light from the selection means, - a third Fourier lens which is located after the diaphragm and makes it possible to image the Fourier surface on a second Fourier plane, - an imaging sensor which is arranged on this second Fourier plane Sf2 and makes it possible to receive the scattered light and to determine the spectral and angular response of the light coming from a particular azimuth selected by the selection means, characterized in that: - the selection means are arranged on the predetermined Fourier surface so as to select a particular azimuth of the spectral emission of the object, and - the light scattering means are located at the diaphragm. - a first Fourier lens forming an image on a predetermined Fourier surface on which each point corresponds to an emission direction of the object for a particular wavelength, - a slit which forms means for selecting a portion of the image formed by the first lens corresponding to a particular azimuth of the spectral emission of the object, the selection means having a selection surface shaped according to the predetermined Fourier surface, - a second Fourier lens which is arranged after the selection means and cooperates with the first Fourier lens to produce an optically conjugate image plane of the measurement zone, - a diaphragm located on this conjugate plane such that the measurement zone, when viewed through the diaphragm, has an apparent surface approximately independent of the direction, the first and second lenses having a common optical axis forming the optical axis of the system, - and light scattering means which make it possible to scatter light from the selection means, - a third Fourier lens which is located after the diaphragm and makes it possible to image the Fourier surface on a second Fourier plane, - an imaging sensor which is arranged on this second Fourier plane Sf2 and makes it possible to receive the scattered light and to determine the spectral and angular response of the light coming from a particular azimuth selected by the selection means, characterized in that: - the selection means are arranged on the predetermined Fourier surface so as to select a particular azimuth of the spectral emission of the object, and - the light scattering means are located at the diaphragm. - the selection means are arranged on the predetermined Fourier surface so as to select a particular azimuth of the spectral emission of the object, and - the light scattering means are located at the diaphragm.