A fine surgical instrument capable of performing a joint movement and a rotational movement, the fine surgical instrument comprising: a rod portion (100, 100', 100") which is formed in a longitudinal direction to enter a surgery site located in a narrow space; a joint portion (200, 200', 200") which is formed on one side of the rod portion (100, 100', 100") and which is configured to rotate in one direction from the one side of the rod portion (100, 100', 100"); a shaft which is inserted into the rod portion (100, 100', 100") and which is provided with a rod including a rod portion; a handle portion which is coupled with the other side of the rod portion (100, 100', 100"); and a distal end portion which is coupled with one end of the shaft and is connected to the handle portion, wherein the distal end portion is operated along a manipulation of the handle portion, wherein the handle portion includes a tubular body portion, sliding grooves which are formed on both sides of the body portion, a grip portion of which one side is coupled with the body portion and the other side is formed to be separated from the sliding grooves, a connection portion which is connected to an inside of the grip portion and is inserted into the sliding grooves, and a spring which is inserted into the body portion, wherein the connection portion includes a connection body which is coupled with the rod portion and is formed in a cylindrical shape, and a connection member which extends from one side of an outer circumferential surface of the connection body and is connected to the inside of the grip portion, and wherein the connection body slides in one direction along the rod portion when the grip portion is gripped. a rod portion (100, 100', 100") which is formed in a longitudinal direction to enter a surgery site located in a narrow space; a joint portion (200, 200', 200") which is formed on one side of the rod portion (100, 100', 100") and which is configured to rotate in one direction from the one side of the rod portion (100, 100', 100"); a shaft which is inserted into the rod portion (100, 100', 100") and which is provided with a rod including a rod portion; a handle portion which is coupled with the other side of the rod portion (100, 100', 100"); and a distal end portion which is coupled with one end of the shaft and is connected to the handle portion, wherein the distal end portion is operated along a manipulation of the handle portion, wherein the handle portion includes a tubular body portion, sliding grooves which are formed on both sides of the body portion, a grip portion of which one side is coupled with the body portion and the other side is formed to be separated from the sliding grooves, a connection portion which is connected to an inside of the grip portion and is inserted into the sliding grooves, and a spring which is inserted into the body portion, wherein the connection portion includes a connection body which is coupled with the rod portion and is formed in a cylindrical shape, and a connection member which extends from one side of an outer circumferential surface of the connection body and is connected to the inside of the grip portion, and wherein the connection body slides in one direction along the rod portion when the grip portion is gripped.