A method for upgrading bio-mass material, comprising: providing an electrochemical cell comprising a ceramic, oxygen-ion conducting membrane; providing bio-mass to the electrochemical cell, wherein the bio-mass comprises one or more oxygenated or partially-oxygenated compounds; and passing electrical current through the electrochemical cell; wherein the bio-mass comprises bio-oil components selected from the group consisting of: carboxylic acids, ketones, furan derivatives, phenolic compounds, sugars, and mixtures of the same, and/or wherein the bio-mass comprises bio-oil components selected from the group consisting of: acetic acid, propanoic acid, 2-butenal, 1-hydroxy-2-propane, 1-hydroxy-2-propanone, 3-hydroxy-2-butanone, 1-hydroxy-2-butanone, cyclopentanone, 3-furaldehyde, furfural, 2-cyclopenten-1-one, phenol, 2-cyclopenten-1-one, 2-methyl-2-cyclopentenone, 2-methyl-2-cyclopenten-1-one, o-cresol, 1-hydroxy-2-propanone-acetate, p-cresol, m-cresol, 5-methyl-furfural, 2-hydroxy-3-methyl-2-cyclopenten-1-one, 3-methyl-2-cyclopenten-1-one, 2,4-dimethyl-phenol, o-methoxy-phenol, 2-methoxy-phenol, 2-furanone, 4-ethyl-phenol, 3-ethyl-phenol, 5-methyl-2-furanone, 1,2-benzenediol, 3-methyl-2-furanone, 6-ethyl-o-cresol, 2-methoxy-4-methyl-phenol, 4-methyl-guaiacol, 3-methyl-1,2-benzenediol, 4-methyl-1,2-benzenediol, p-ethyl-guaiacol, 4-methyl-5H-furan-2-one, 4-(2-propenyl)-phenol, 2,5-dimethyl-1,4-benzenediol, 4-ethyl-1,2-benzenediol, 2-methoxy-4-(2-propenyl)-phenol, d-mannose, eugenol, 4-propyl-1,3-benzenediol, 2-methoxy-5-(1-propenyl)-phenol, 2-methoxy-4-propenyl-phenol, vanilin, 4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-benzaldehyde, 4-chromanol, 2-methoxy-4-propyl-phenol, Apocynin, Anhydro-d-mannosan, 1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-ethanone, guaiacylacetone, and, 1,2-ethoxy-6-(methoxy methyl)-phenol, and mixtures of the same. providing an electrochemical cell comprising a ceramic, oxygen-ion conducting membrane; providing bio-mass to the electrochemical cell, wherein the bio-mass comprises one or more oxygenated or partially-oxygenated compounds; and passing electrical current through the electrochemical cell; wherein the bio-mass comprises bio-oil components selected from the group consisting of: carboxylic acids, ketones, furan derivatives, phenolic compounds, sugars, and mixtures of the same, and/or wherein the bio-mass comprises bio-oil components selected from the group consisting of: acetic acid, propanoic acid, 2-butenal, 1-hydroxy-2-propane, 1-hydroxy-2-propanone, 3-hydroxy-2-butanone, 1-hydroxy-2-butanone, cyclopentanone, 3-furaldehyde, furfural, 2-cyclopenten-1-one, phenol, 2-cyclopenten-1-one, 2-methyl-2-cyclopentenone, 2-methyl-2-cyclopenten-1-one, o-cresol, 1-hydroxy-2-propanone-acetate, p-cresol, m-cresol, 5-methyl-furfural, 2-hydroxy-3-methyl-2-cyclopenten-1-one, 3-methyl-2-cyclopenten-1-one, 2,4-dimethyl-phenol, o-methoxy-phenol, 2-methoxy-phenol, 2-furanone, 4-ethyl-phenol, 3-ethyl-phenol, 5-methyl-2-furanone, 1,2-benzenediol, 3-methyl-2-furanone, 6-ethyl-o-cresol, 2-methoxy-4-methyl-phenol, 4-methyl-guaiacol, 3-methyl-1,2-benzenediol, 4-methyl-1,2-benzenediol, p-ethyl-guaiacol, 4-methyl-5H-furan-2-one, 4-(2-propenyl)-phenol, 2,5-dimethyl-1,4-benzenediol, 4-ethyl-1,2-benzenediol, 2-methoxy-4-(2-propenyl)-phenol, d-mannose, eugenol, 4-propyl-1,3-benzenediol, 2-methoxy-5-(1-propenyl)-phenol, 2-methoxy-4-propenyl-phenol, vanilin, 4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-benzaldehyde, 4-chromanol, 2-methoxy-4-propyl-phenol, Apocynin, Anhydro-d-mannosan, 1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-ethanone, guaiacylacetone, and, 1,2-ethoxy-6-(methoxy methyl)-phenol, and mixtures of the same.