A synchronization signal transmission method, comprising: periodically transmitting (S 104), by a base station, a synchronization signal and a Physical Broadcast Channel, PBCH, to a terminal according to a preset transmission subframe pattern, wherein the synchronization signal comprises a primary synchronization signal, PSS, and a secondary synchronization signal, SSS, and the transmission subframe pattern indicates positions of transmission subframes of the synchronization signal and the PBCH in a plurality of radio frames within a predetermined period of time, wherein in each of the plurality of radio frames, the PSS is transmitted on a first subframe, the SSS is transmitted on a second subframe, and the PBCH is transmitted on a third subframe, wherein the first subframe and the second subframe are not adjacent, and the second subframe and the third subframe are adjacent; for a Time Division Duplex, TDD, system, the first subframe, the second subframe, and the third subframe are selected from: a subframe #0, a subframe #1, a subframe #5, and a subframe #6, and indexes of the subframes are the indexes of the subframes within one radio frame, starting from #0; for a Frequency Division Duplex, FDD, system, the first subframe, the second subframe, and the third subframe are selected from: a subframe #0, a subframe #4, a subframe #5, and a subframe #9, and indexes of the subframes are the indexes of the subframes within one radio frame, starting from #0; and characterized in that, in response to the PSS being transmitted on a normal subframe, the PSS is transmitted on all Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing, OFDM, symbols of the normal subframe except OFDM symbols occupied by a downlink control area; in response to the SSS being transmitted on a normal subframe, the SSS is transmitted on all OFDM symbols of the normal subframe except OFDM symbols occupied by a downlink control area. periodically transmitting (S 104), by a base station, a synchronization signal and a Physical Broadcast Channel, PBCH, to a terminal according to a preset transmission subframe pattern, wherein the synchronization signal comprises a primary synchronization signal, PSS, and a secondary synchronization signal, SSS, and the transmission subframe pattern indicates positions of transmission subframes of the synchronization signal and the PBCH in a plurality of radio frames within a predetermined period of time, wherein in each of the plurality of radio frames, the PSS is transmitted on a first subframe, the SSS is transmitted on a second subframe, and the PBCH is transmitted on a third subframe, wherein the first subframe and the second subframe are not adjacent, and the second subframe and the third subframe are adjacent; for a Time Division Duplex, TDD, system, the first subframe, the second subframe, and the third subframe are selected from: a subframe #0, a subframe #1, a subframe #5, and a subframe #6, and indexes of the subframes are the indexes of the subframes within one radio frame, starting from #0; for a Frequency Division Duplex, FDD, system, the first subframe, the second subframe, and the third subframe are selected from: a subframe #0, a subframe #4, a subframe #5, and a subframe #9, and indexes of the subframes are the indexes of the subframes within one radio frame, starting from #0; and characterized in that, in response to the PSS being transmitted on a normal subframe, the PSS is transmitted on all Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing, OFDM, symbols of the normal subframe except OFDM symbols occupied by a downlink control area; in response to the SSS being transmitted on a normal subframe, the SSS is transmitted on all OFDM symbols of the normal subframe except OFDM symbols occupied by a downlink control area.