An electrosurgical system comprising: an electrosurgical wand comprising: an active electrode disposed on a distal end of the electrosurgical wand; a return electrode disposed on the distal end of the electrosurgical wand, the return electrode disposed proximally from the active electrode; a measurement electrode disposed at the distal end of the electrosurgical wand, the measurement electrode distinct from both the active and the return electrodes, and the measurement electrode exposed on an outside surface of the electrosurgical wand; an insulator disposed between a portion of the return electrode and the measurement electrode. an electrosurgical controller electrically coupled to the electrosurgical wand, the electrosurgical controller comprising: a processor; a memory coupled to the processor; an electrical generator operatively coupled to the processor, the electrical generator defines an active terminal, an impedance terminal, and a return terminal, the impedance terminal coupled to the measurement electrode, the return terminal coupled to the return electrode, and the active terminal coupled to the active electrode, the electrical generator configured to provide controllable voltage to the electrodes; the memory storing a program that, when executed by the processor, causes the processor to: measure impedance of conductive fluid by way of the measurement electrode; determine a value of temperature based on the conductive fluid based on the impedance; and characterised by the program further causing the processor to generate a plasma proximate to the active electrode. an electrosurgical wand comprising: an active electrode disposed on a distal end of the electrosurgical wand; a return electrode disposed on the distal end of the electrosurgical wand, the return electrode disposed proximally from the active electrode; a measurement electrode disposed at the distal end of the electrosurgical wand, the measurement electrode distinct from both the active and the return electrodes, and the measurement electrode exposed on an outside surface of the electrosurgical wand; an insulator disposed between a portion of the return electrode and the measurement electrode. an active electrode disposed on a distal end of the electrosurgical wand; a return electrode disposed on the distal end of the electrosurgical wand, the return electrode disposed proximally from the active electrode; a measurement electrode disposed at the distal end of the electrosurgical wand, the measurement electrode distinct from both the active and the return electrodes, and the measurement electrode exposed on an outside surface of the electrosurgical wand; an insulator disposed between a portion of the return electrode and the measurement electrode. an electrosurgical controller electrically coupled to the electrosurgical wand, the electrosurgical controller comprising: a processor; a memory coupled to the processor; an electrical generator operatively coupled to the processor, the electrical generator defines an active terminal, an impedance terminal, and a return terminal, the impedance terminal coupled to the measurement electrode, the return terminal coupled to the return electrode, and the active terminal coupled to the active electrode, the electrical generator configured to provide controllable voltage to the electrodes; the memory storing a program that, when executed by the processor, causes the processor to: measure impedance of conductive fluid by way of the measurement electrode; determine a value of temperature based on the conductive fluid based on the impedance; and characterised by the program further causing the processor to generate a plasma proximate to the active electrode. a processor; a memory coupled to the processor; an electrical generator operatively coupled to the processor, the electrical generator defines an active terminal, an impedance terminal, and a return terminal, the impedance terminal coupled to the measurement electrode, the return terminal coupled to the return electrode, and the active terminal coupled to the active electrode, the electrical generator configured to provide controllable voltage to the electrodes; the memory storing a program that, when executed by the processor, causes the processor to: measure impedance of conductive fluid by way of the measurement electrode; determine a value of temperature based on the conductive fluid based on the impedance; and characterised by the program further causing the processor to generate a plasma proximate to the active electrode. measure impedance of conductive fluid by way of the measurement electrode; determine a value of temperature based on the conductive fluid based on the impedance; and characterised by the program further causing the processor to generate a plasma proximate to the active electrode.