An apparatus for use in the cleaning of soiled substrates, said apparatus comprising: (a) housing means, having: (i) a first upper chamber having mounted therein a rotatably mounted cylindrical cage, and (ii) a second lower chamber located beneath said cylindrical cage which functions as a collection chamber for cleaning media comprising a solid particulate cleaning material; (b) at least one recirculation means (4, 5, 6, 7) facilitating recirculation of said solid particulate cleaning material from said lower chamber to said rotatably mounted cylindrical cage; (c) access means allowing access to the inside of the cylindrical cage for loading at least one soiled substrate into said cylindrical cage, wherein said access means is closable so as to provide a sealed system, and optionally comprises a hinged door mounted in the housing means; (d) pumping means comprised in the first recirculating means; and (e) a multiplicity of delivery means for delivery of water and additional cleaning agents into the apparatus, wherein said rotatably mounted cylindrical cage comprises a drum comprising perforated cylindrical side walls, wherein up to 60%, optionally no more than 50%, of the surface area of said side walls comprises perforations, and said perforations comprise holes having a diameter of no greater than 25.0 mm, and said rotatably mounted cylindrical cage is optionally mounted horizontally within said housing means, wherein said apparatus is for use in the cleaning of soiled substrates using a formulation comprising a solid particulate cleaning material and wash water, wherein said solid particulate cleaning material optionally comprises a multiplicity of polymeric particles, providing that said apparatus is not an apparatus comprising: (a) housing means, having: (i) a first upper chamber having mounted therein a rotatably mounted cylindrical cage, and (ii) a second lower chamber located beneath said cylindrical cage; (b) at least one recirculation means; (c) access means; (d) a multiplicity of delivery means; and (e) sealing means, wherein said sealing means is removably attached to the outer surface of the cylindrical side walls of said rotatably mounted cylindrical cage, and is adapted to prevent the ingress or egress of fluids and solid particulate matter from the interior of said cage. (a) housing means, having: (i) a first upper chamber having mounted therein a rotatably mounted cylindrical cage, and (ii) a second lower chamber located beneath said cylindrical cage which functions as a collection chamber for cleaning media comprising a solid particulate cleaning material; (i) a first upper chamber having mounted therein a rotatably mounted cylindrical cage, and (ii) a second lower chamber located beneath said cylindrical cage which functions as a collection chamber for cleaning media comprising a solid particulate cleaning material; (b) at least one recirculation means (4, 5, 6, 7) facilitating recirculation of said solid particulate cleaning material from said lower chamber to said rotatably mounted cylindrical cage; (c) access means allowing access to the inside of the cylindrical cage for loading at least one soiled substrate into said cylindrical cage, wherein said access means is closable so as to provide a sealed system, and optionally comprises a hinged door mounted in the housing means; (d) pumping means comprised in the first recirculating means; and (e) a multiplicity of delivery means for delivery of water and additional cleaning agents into the apparatus, (a) housing means, having: (i) a first upper chamber having mounted therein a rotatably mounted cylindrical cage, and (ii) a second lower chamber located beneath said cylindrical cage; (i) a first upper chamber having mounted therein a rotatably mounted cylindrical cage, and (ii) a second lower chamber located beneath said cylindrical cage; (b) at least one recirculation means; (c) access means; (d) a multiplicity of delivery means; and (e) sealing means,