mhurhangee/ep-ind-claims huggingface dataset:
An x-ray illuminator for illuminating a target with highly concentrated x-ray radiation, the x-ray illuminator comprising: a. a polychromatic source of x-ray radiation, the x-ray radiation emanating from an x-ray tube; and b. a two-stage concentrator having: (i) a converter (92, 400) disposed either directly adjacent to, but separated from, or continuous with the x-ray tube and arranged to intercept the polychromatic x-rays from the x-ray tube and to generate substantially monochromatic x-rays by x-ray fluorescence; (ii) a focusing element for converging the substantially monochromatic beam of x- rays onto the target. a. a polychromatic source of x-ray radiation, the x-ray radiation emanating from an x-ray tube; and b. a two-stage concentrator having: (i) a converter (92, 400) disposed either directly adjacent to, but separated from, or continuous with the x-ray tube and arranged to intercept the polychromatic x-rays from the x-ray tube and to generate substantially monochromatic x-rays by x-ray fluorescence; (ii) a focusing element for converging the substantially monochromatic beam of x- rays onto the target. (i) a converter (92, 400) disposed either directly adjacent to, but separated from, or continuous with the x-ray tube and arranged to intercept the polychromatic x-rays from the x-ray tube and to generate substantially monochromatic x-rays by x-ray fluorescence; (ii) a focusing element for converging the substantially monochromatic beam of x- rays onto the target.
Method in a wireless communication system for determining whether an active eavesdropper is interfering in transmissions on a radio channel from a transmitter to a receiver, wherein said transmitter employs MIMO transmissions using beamforming to said receiver, the method being characterized in that it comprises the steps of: - transmitting, by said receiver, a pilot signal to said transmitter; - forming, at said transmitter, a channel estimate vector g based on the received pilot signal, said vector g being formed regarding a number of transmit antennas M at the transmitter; - estimating, at said transmitter, a first effective channel gain as [(g*g H /M) - N 0] 2 / (g*g H /M), wherein N 0 is the noise density at the transmitter; - adding, at said transmitter, the estimated first effective channel gain into a data packet; - transmitting the data packet to the receiver; - estimating, at said receiver, a second effective channel gain as the difference between the average power of the received signal and the noise density at the receiver, wherein the transmit signal corresponding to the received signal is generated at the transmitter by applying the beamforming vector f=g H /[sqrt * ∥g H ∥]; and - determining whether an active eavesdropper is interfering in the transmissions by determining whether the ratio of the second effective channel gain to the first effective channel gain, or a difference between the two gains, is below a threshold. - transmitting, by said receiver, a pilot signal to said transmitter; - forming, at said transmitter, a channel estimate vector g based on the received pilot signal, said vector g being formed regarding a number of transmit antennas M at the transmitter; - estimating, at said transmitter, a first effective channel gain as [(g*g H /M) - N 0] 2 / (g*g H /M), wherein N 0 is the noise density at the transmitter; - adding, at said transmitter, the estimated first effective channel gain into a data packet; - transmitting the data packet to the receiver; - estimating, at said receiver, a second effective channel gain as the difference between the average power of the received signal and the noise density at the receiver, wherein the transmit signal corresponding to the received signal is generated at the transmitter by applying the beamforming vector f=g H /[sqrt * ∥g H ∥]; and - determining whether an active eavesdropper is interfering in the transmissions by determining whether the ratio of the second effective channel gain to the first effective channel gain, or a difference between the two gains, is below a threshold.
A reflection mirror, having a front-back direction Z direction parallel to an optical axis of the reflection mirror, a horizontal X direction orthogonal to the front-back direction, and a vertical Y direction orthogonal to the front-back direction and the horizontal direction, wherein a Z1 direction, which is on one side in the Z direction, is referred to as a front direction, wherein a Z2 direction, which is on the other side in the Z direction, is referred to as a rear (back) direction, wherein an X1 direction, which is on one side in the X direction, is referred to as a right direction, wherein an X2 direction, which is on the other side in the X direction, is referred to as a left direction, wherein a Y1 direction, which is on one side in the Y direction, is referred to as an up direction, wherein a Y2 direction, which is on the other side in the Y direction, is referred to as a down direction, the reflection mirror comprising a concave curved reflection surface as a front surface; and a rear surface opposite the front surface, wherein a direction from the front surface toward the rear surface, oriented one way in the Z direction, is the Z2 direction, characterized in that the rear surface has a flat surface orthogonal to the Z direction, in that the rear surface includes a wall surface that rises from an entire circumference of the flat surface toward the Z2 direction so as to surround the entire circumference of the flat surface, in that the flat surface has three or more protruding portions that protrude in the Z2 direction, and in that the flat surface is a recessed portion that is recessed toward the front side, formed on the rear surface of the reflection mirror, so that the flat surface and the wall surface are formed on the rear surface.
A flap gate for at least opening and closing a part of an opening of an outflow pipe, said flap gate comprising two or more valve plates (5,6), each valve plate (5,6) having a separate hinge assembly (7,8) pivotably and independently mounted on a frame member, said frame member being adapted to be mounted across the opening of the outflow pipe, wherein each hinge assembly (7,8) comprises at least one independent hinge mounting block fastened to the frame member, wherein the hinge mounting block is pivotably connected by means of a connecting rod to a bracket (11,12) fastened on the valve plate (5,6) wherein the flap gate has a first and a second valve plate (5,6) wherein the frame member has a central beam, substantially dividing the opening, wherein the first valve plate in the valve plate's (5,6) closed position is in contact with part of the frame member and the central beam, and wherein the second valve plate's hinge assembly is attached to the central beam, and in the second valve plate's closed position the second valve plate is in contact with part of the frame member and the central beam characterised in that each connecting rod is connected by an axle in the hinge mounting block.
Hand-held power tool, in particular screwdriver, with a tool holder and a housing, in which a drive motor for driving an output shaft is arranged, the output shaft being arranged spaced apart from the tool holder in a decoupling position of the tool holder, and the output shaft being operatively connected to the tool holder via a clutch in a coupling position of the tool holder, by way of loading of the tool holder, in particular along a rotational axis of the drive motor, against a workpiece to be worked on, an actuating rod being loaded against a motor switch in the coupling position in order to activate the drive motor, and the actuating rod being guided along on the housing (110; 206) at least in regions, characterized in that the motor switch is arranged along a rotational axis of the drive motor between the drive motor and the clutch.
Zero-point clamping module comprising a main body, a clamping receptacle provided in the main body for receiving a clamping element, clamping slides which, guided in the main body, are movable in the radial direction with respect to a central longitudinal axis, and a driving ring which actuates the clamping slides and is arranged so as to be rotatable about the central longitudinal axis, wherein, for movement coupling the driving ring and clamping slides, guide grooves are arranged on the driving ring and engagement portions engaging in the guide grooves are provided on the clamping slides such that, when the drive ring is rotated, the clamping slides are moved in the radial direction, wherein the clamping slides each have a receiving bore and wherein the engagement portions are designed as cylindrical pins inserted into the receiving bores, characterized in that the guide grooves each have a closed groove bottom, in each case having a mounting recess passing through the groove bottom, wherein the relevant mounting recess can be arranged so as to extend axially with respect to the relevant receiving bore in a mounting position of the drive ring.
A micro sensor, comprising: a substrate including a porous layer having a plurality of vertically-extending pores and a barrier layer positioned on the porous layer; a sensor electrode including sensor wiring lines and electrode pads (300a, 300b) formed on the substrate; a heater electrode including a heater wiring line and heater electrode pads (220a, 220b) formed on the substrate; and a sensing material formed on the sensor wiring lines and the heater wiring line such that upper surfaces and side surfaces of the sensor wiring lines and the heater wiring line are covered by the sensing material, wherein electric characteristics of the sensing material change when a predetermined gas is absorbed by the sensing material, wherein at least one of the sensor electrode and the heater electrode is formed on the barrier layer. a substrate including a porous layer having a plurality of vertically-extending pores and a barrier layer positioned on the porous layer; a sensor electrode including sensor wiring lines and electrode pads (300a, 300b) formed on the substrate; a heater electrode including a heater wiring line and heater electrode pads (220a, 220b) formed on the substrate; and a sensing material formed on the sensor wiring lines and the heater wiring line such that upper surfaces and side surfaces of the sensor wiring lines and the heater wiring line are covered by the sensing material, wherein electric characteristics of the sensing material change when a predetermined gas is absorbed by the sensing material, wherein at least one of the sensor electrode and the heater electrode is formed on the barrier layer.
A method of operating a first electronic device (100; 100A-100D) connected to a Wireless Local Area Network, WLAN, the method comprising: listening for a wireless transmission by a second electronic device (100; 100A-100D) on a wireless communications channel; determining whether a packet comprises an uplink packet being smaller than a threshold size and/or a delay-sensitive packet; assigning a randomized time delay value that defines a randomized delay period, in response to determining that the packet comprises the uplink packet being smaller than a threshold size and/or delay-sensitive packet; beginning the randomized delay period in response to determining that the wireless communications channel is clear; transmitting the packet to an access point (121, 122) of the WLAN via the wireless communications channel based on expiration of the randomized delay period; and receiving signaling from the access point (121, 122) of the WLAN regarding uplink packet randomized time delays. listening for a wireless transmission by a second electronic device (100; 100A-100D) on a wireless communications channel; determining whether a packet comprises an uplink packet being smaller than a threshold size and/or a delay-sensitive packet; assigning a randomized time delay value that defines a randomized delay period, in response to determining that the packet comprises the uplink packet being smaller than a threshold size and/or delay-sensitive packet; beginning the randomized delay period in response to determining that the wireless communications channel is clear; transmitting the packet to an access point (121, 122) of the WLAN via the wireless communications channel based on expiration of the randomized delay period; and receiving signaling from the access point (121, 122) of the WLAN regarding uplink packet randomized time delays.
Antenna package comprising: an antenna with an embedded antenna port, the antenna including an antenna port side and an antenna radiation side, and a semiconductor chip provided on the antenna port side, wherein the chip comprises coupling elements for coupling radio frequency signals from a top side of the chip to the antenna port, the coupling elements comprising: a matching network including a high-impedance microstrip line having an impedance larger than 50Ω and a ground window on the top side of the chip, a resonant dielectric cavity within the chip, and a metal coupling slot facing the antenna port on a bottom side of the chip wherein side walls of the resonant dielectric cavity are defined by ground vias connecting a top and a bottom ground layer of the chip, and wherein the coupling slot is dimensioned and arranged such that, when the antenna package is viewed from the antenna port side, the antenna port completely includes the coupling slot. an antenna with an embedded antenna port, the antenna including an antenna port side and an antenna radiation side, and a semiconductor chip provided on the antenna port side, wherein the chip comprises coupling elements for coupling radio frequency signals from a top side of the chip to the antenna port, the coupling elements comprising: a matching network including a high-impedance microstrip line having an impedance larger than 50Ω and a ground window on the top side of the chip, a resonant dielectric cavity within the chip, and a metal coupling slot facing the antenna port on a bottom side of the chip a matching network including a high-impedance microstrip line having an impedance larger than 50Ω and a ground window on the top side of the chip, a resonant dielectric cavity within the chip, and a metal coupling slot facing the antenna port on a bottom side of the chip wherein side walls of the resonant dielectric cavity are defined by ground vias connecting a top and a bottom ground layer of the chip, and wherein the coupling slot is dimensioned and arranged such that, when the antenna package is viewed from the antenna port side, the antenna port completely includes the coupling slot.
A semiconductor device, comprising: a substrate having a magnetic tunneling junction, MTJ, region and a logic region; an MTJ on the MTJ region, wherein a top view of the MTJ comprises a circle; and a first metal interconnection on the MTJ, wherein a top view of the first metal interconnection comprises a flat oval or an ellipse overlapping the circle and the circle contacts the flat oval or the ellipse directly. a substrate having a magnetic tunneling junction, MTJ, region and a logic region; an MTJ on the MTJ region, wherein a top view of the MTJ comprises a circle; and a first metal interconnection on the MTJ, wherein a top view of the first metal interconnection comprises a flat oval or an ellipse overlapping the circle and the circle contacts the flat oval or the ellipse directly.
A cemented lens comprising: a first optical element; a second optical element; a third optical element sandwiched between the first optical element and the second optical element, the third optical element containing resin; a light shielding layer; and a porous layer; characterized in that the light shielding layer covers a surface of the third optical element that is in contact with neither the first optical element nor the second optical element, the porous layer covers at least a part of the light shielding layer that is in contact with the third optical element, the porous layer has a communication hole structure, wherein the holes included in the porous layer are spatially in communication with each other, and the porous layer is arranged to spatially connect the light shielding layer and the atmosphere. a first optical element; a second optical element; a third optical element sandwiched between the first optical element and the second optical element, the third optical element containing resin; a light shielding layer; and a porous layer; characterized in that the light shielding layer covers a surface of the third optical element that is in contact with neither the first optical element nor the second optical element, the porous layer covers at least a part of the light shielding layer that is in contact with the third optical element, the porous layer has a communication hole structure, wherein the holes included in the porous layer are spatially in communication with each other, and the porous layer is arranged to spatially connect the light shielding layer and the atmosphere.
A method of modifying starch or starch derivatives comprising: introducing a continuous flow of starch substrate, gas and, optionally, one or more reagents, into a reactor, wherein the starch substrate has a moisture content of between 0 and 45% by weight, a residence time in the reactor of between 1 and 60 minutes and is heated to a temperature between 50 and 220°C, characterised in that: the starch substrate and the gas are introduced into the reactor in opposing directions; the reactor has a tubular body comprising a rotating shaft upon which is disposed one or a plurality of blades, said blades conveying the starch from an inlet at one end of the reactor to an outlet at the other end of the reactor in a continuous, plug-flow type manner, wherein the temperature to which the starch is heated is measured as the product temperature at the reactor outlet, and the reactor is part of a reactor unit comprising upstream and downstream components, wherein the downstream component is selected from a drying chamber, an insulated holding tank, a recycling element, and a further reactor. the starch substrate and the gas are introduced into the reactor in opposing directions; the reactor has a tubular body comprising a rotating shaft upon which is disposed one or a plurality of blades, said blades conveying the starch from an inlet at one end of the reactor to an outlet at the other end of the reactor in a continuous, plug-flow type manner, wherein the temperature to which the starch is heated is measured as the product temperature at the reactor outlet, and the reactor is part of a reactor unit comprising upstream and downstream components, wherein the downstream component is selected from a drying chamber, an insulated holding tank, a recycling element, and a further reactor.
Process for the production of nanoparticles comprising the steps of (a) dissolution of at least one active compound and at least one polymer in an organic solvent, (b) mixing of the solution prepared in step (a) with an aqueous phase, (c) evaporation of the organic solvent, (d) purification of the nanoparticles laden with active compound obtained in step (c) by means of dialysis against aqueous dialysis solution comprising the same active compound. (a) dissolution of at least one active compound and at least one polymer in an organic solvent, (b) mixing of the solution prepared in step (a) with an aqueous phase, (c) evaporation of the organic solvent, (d) purification of the nanoparticles laden with active compound obtained in step (c) by means of dialysis against aqueous dialysis solution comprising the same active compound.
An apparatus for determining the temperature at various locations on a human or animal body comprising means for: receiving an indication of a temperature measurement made at a site on a human or animal body, the first measurement being of a first type; receiving an indication of an electrical measurement of one or more electrical characteristics made at the site where the temperature measurement was made; determining, based at least in part on the measurement of the one or more electrical characteristics, the site on the body where the temperature measurement was made; associating the measured temperature with the determined site. receiving an indication of a temperature measurement made at a site on a human or animal body, the first measurement being of a first type; receiving an indication of an electrical measurement of one or more electrical characteristics made at the site where the temperature measurement was made; determining, based at least in part on the measurement of the one or more electrical characteristics, the site on the body where the temperature measurement was made; associating the measured temperature with the determined site.
A flexible display device including a non-bending area and a bending area, the flexible display device comprising: a circuit structure; a display structure over the circuit structure; an organic layer over the circuit structure, the organic layer comprising a groove (GR1, GR2) corresponding to the bending area; a planarization layer between the circuit structure and the display structure, wherein the display structure comprises at least one light emitting element (OLED), each light emitting element comprising: a first electrode over the planarization layer; an emission layer over the first electrode; and a second electrode over the emission layer, wherein the display structure further comprises a pixel defining layer at a periphery of the first electrode on the planarization layer, the pixel defining layer comprising an opening exposing a center portion of the first electrode; wherein the organic layer comprises the pixel defining layer, and the groove (GR1, GR2) is defined in at least the pixel defining layer, wherein the groove (GR1, GR2) does not overlap the first electrode of any of the at least one light emitting elements in plan view. a circuit structure; a display structure over the circuit structure; an organic layer over the circuit structure, the organic layer comprising a groove (GR1, GR2) corresponding to the bending area; a planarization layer between the circuit structure and the display structure, wherein the display structure comprises at least one light emitting element (OLED), each light emitting element comprising: a first electrode over the planarization layer; an emission layer over the first electrode; and a second electrode over the emission layer, a first electrode over the planarization layer; an emission layer over the first electrode; and a second electrode over the emission layer, wherein the display structure further comprises a pixel defining layer at a periphery of the first electrode on the planarization layer, the pixel defining layer comprising an opening exposing a center portion of the first electrode; wherein the organic layer comprises the pixel defining layer, and the groove (GR1, GR2) is defined in at least the pixel defining layer, wherein the groove (GR1, GR2) does not overlap the first electrode of any of the at least one light emitting elements in plan view.
Agricultural combine comprising a threshing drum and a matching concave, the threshing drum comprising multiple threshing slats having an outer surface segment which, when the drum is rotated with respect to the concave with crop material in the drum, beats and squeezes the crop material thereby releasing grain from residue in the crop material, characterized in that at least the outer surface segment is formed from a material having a Shore A hardness higher than 90 and lower than 95, measured under standard atmospheric conditions.
A method for preparing 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene comprising contacting a reactant comprising CCl 2 =CFCH 2 Cl with HF in the gas phase and in the presence of a chromium-based catalyst to produce a reaction product comprising CF 3 CF=CH 2.