A distributed optical fiber sensor for sensing dynamic stress state, said sensor comprising: - an optical assembly comprising at least one laser (SL 1) emitting at a wavelength λ, said optical assembly being configured to generate a series of optical pulses (I pi); - an optical fiber exhibiting a first end (E x1) and a second end (E x2) and of optical length L; - an optical system configured to: ∘ inject through said first end (E x1) at least said series of optical pulses (I pi); ∘ receive at said end (E x1) at least one series of output optical pulses, an output optical pulse (I psi) being a carrier of the intensity of reflection of said ends of the fiber and of the backscattered intensity along said fiber; ∘ generate at least one continuous reference beam (Fr) or reference optical pulses (I pri) on the basis of said optical assembly or of said output optical pulses (I psi); ∘ produce a series of interference zones corresponding to the interference between said reference beam (Fr) or a reference pulse (I pri) and a signal optical pulse (I psiS) arising from an output optical pulse (I psi); - a holographic detector comprising: ∘ a liquid-crystal optical valve (LCLV) comprising a liquid crystal layer disposed between two substrates, one of the substrates comprising a photoconductor material for said emission wavelength (λ), said valve (LCLV) being disposed so that it at least partially covers said interference zones, said valve being configured to produce holograms on the basis of said interference zones; ∘ at least one optical detector configured to detect output optical signals diffracted by said holograms. - an optical assembly comprising at least one laser (SL 1) emitting at a wavelength λ, said optical assembly being configured to generate a series of optical pulses (I pi); - an optical fiber exhibiting a first end (E x1) and a second end (E x2) and of optical length L; - an optical system configured to: ∘ inject through said first end (E x1) at least said series of optical pulses (I pi); ∘ receive at said end (E x1) at least one series of output optical pulses, an output optical pulse (I psi) being a carrier of the intensity of reflection of said ends of the fiber and of the backscattered intensity along said fiber; ∘ generate at least one continuous reference beam (Fr) or reference optical pulses (I pri) on the basis of said optical assembly or of said output optical pulses (I psi); ∘ produce a series of interference zones corresponding to the interference between said reference beam (Fr) or a reference pulse (I pri) and a signal optical pulse (I psiS) arising from an output optical pulse (I psi); ∘ inject through said first end (E x1) at least said series of optical pulses (I pi); ∘ receive at said end (E x1) at least one series of output optical pulses, an output optical pulse (I psi) being a carrier of the intensity of reflection of said ends of the fiber and of the backscattered intensity along said fiber; ∘ generate at least one continuous reference beam (Fr) or reference optical pulses (I pri) on the basis of said optical assembly or of said output optical pulses (I psi); ∘ produce a series of interference zones corresponding to the interference between said reference beam (Fr) or a reference pulse (I pri) and a signal optical pulse (I psiS) arising from an output optical pulse (I psi); - a holographic detector comprising: ∘ a liquid-crystal optical valve (LCLV) comprising a liquid crystal layer disposed between two substrates, one of the substrates comprising a photoconductor material for said emission wavelength (λ), said valve (LCLV) being disposed so that it at least partially covers said interference zones, said valve being configured to produce holograms on the basis of said interference zones; ∘ at least one optical detector configured to detect output optical signals diffracted by said holograms. ∘ a liquid-crystal optical valve (LCLV) comprising a liquid crystal layer disposed between two substrates, one of the substrates comprising a photoconductor material for said emission wavelength (λ), said valve (LCLV) being disposed so that it at least partially covers said interference zones, said valve being configured to produce holograms on the basis of said interference zones; ∘ at least one optical detector configured to detect output optical signals diffracted by said holograms.