A compound comprising a formula: wherein R 1 and R 2 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, 2- or 3- or 4-halo-phenyl, heteroalkyl, alkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, heterocyclyl, and heterocyclylalkyl; wherein R 3 is selected from: substituted aryl or substituted cycloalkyl, wherein the substituted aryl or substituted cycloalkyl is substituted by one or more substituents selected from acyl (-C -R), alkoxy (-O-R), alkyl, aryl, alkylamino (-N -R and -N R), alkylthio (-S-R), amino (-NH 2), azido (-N 3), boronyl (-B R or -B 2 or -B 2), alkoxycarbonyl (-C -OR), aminocarbonyl (-C -NH 2), aminosulfonyl (-S 2 -NH 2), alkylaminocarbonyl (-C -N R and -C -N R), cyano, bromo, chloro, iodo, haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, heterocyclyl, heteroalkyl, hydroxyl (-OH), acyloxy (-O-C -R), ketone (-C -R), substituted halomethylketone (-C -CH m X n, where m + n = 3, X = F, Cl, Br), mercapto (-SH and -S-R) and nitro (-NO 2) where each R group is an alkyl group having less than about 12 carbons; substituted alkyl, wherein the substituted alkyl is substituted by one or more substituents selected from amino, boronyl, cyano, hydroxy and nitro; heteroaryl; heteroarylalkyl; -B(R 4 R 5); -R 6 -B(R 4 R 5); -C -R 6; -S y -R 6 (wherein y = 0, 1, or 2); and -P -(R 4 R 5); wherein R 6 is selected from alkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, cycloalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl; wherein R 4 and R 5 are independently hydrogen, hydroxyl, aryloxy, or alkoxy, or wherein R 4 and R 5 together form a cyclic ester, or an acid anhydride (either mixed or symmetrical); wherein R 7 and R 8 are independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl, haloalkyl, aryl, cycloalkyl, arylalkyl, heteroalkyl, heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl; R 7 and R 8 are both oxygen to form a nitro group; or R 7 and R 8 together with the nitrogen to which they are attached, form a heterocyclyl; and wherein X 2 is -S y - (wherein y = 0, 1, or 2), or oxygen; and n is an integer between 0 and 8. wherein R 1 and R 2 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, 2- or 3- or 4-halo-phenyl, heteroalkyl, alkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, heterocyclyl, and heterocyclylalkyl; wherein R 3 is selected from: substituted aryl or substituted cycloalkyl, wherein the substituted aryl or substituted cycloalkyl is substituted by one or more substituents selected from acyl (-C -R), alkoxy (-O-R), alkyl, aryl, alkylamino (-N -R and -N R), alkylthio (-S-R), amino (-NH 2), azido (-N 3), boronyl (-B R or -B 2 or -B 2), alkoxycarbonyl (-C -OR), aminocarbonyl (-C -NH 2), aminosulfonyl (-S 2 -NH 2), alkylaminocarbonyl (-C -N R and -C -N R), cyano, bromo, chloro, iodo, haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, heterocyclyl, heteroalkyl, hydroxyl (-OH), acyloxy (-O-C -R), ketone (-C -R), substituted halomethylketone (-C -CH m X n, where m + n = 3, X = F, Cl, Br), mercapto (-SH and -S-R) and nitro (-NO 2) where each R group is an alkyl group having less than about 12 carbons; substituted alkyl, wherein the substituted alkyl is substituted by one or more substituents selected from amino, boronyl, cyano, hydroxy and nitro; heteroaryl; heteroarylalkyl; -B(R 4 R 5); -R 6 -B(R 4 R 5); -C -R 6; -S y -R 6 (wherein y = 0, 1, or 2); and -P -(R 4 R 5); substituted aryl or substituted cycloalkyl, wherein the substituted aryl or substituted cycloalkyl is substituted by one or more substituents selected from acyl (-C -R), alkoxy (-O-R), alkyl, aryl, alkylamino (-N -R and -N R), alkylthio (-S-R), amino (-NH 2), azido (-N 3), boronyl (-B R or -B 2 or -B 2), alkoxycarbonyl (-C -OR), aminocarbonyl (-C -NH 2), aminosulfonyl (-S 2 -NH 2), alkylaminocarbonyl (-C -N R and -C -N R), cyano, bromo, chloro, iodo, haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, heterocyclyl, heteroalkyl, hydroxyl (-OH), acyloxy (-O-C -R), ketone (-C -R), substituted halomethylketone (-C -CH m X n, where m + n = 3, X = F, Cl, Br), mercapto (-SH and -S-R) and nitro (-NO 2) where each R group is an alkyl group having less than about 12 carbons; substituted alkyl, wherein the substituted alkyl is substituted by one or more substituents selected from amino, boronyl, cyano, hydroxy and nitro; heteroaryl; heteroarylalkyl; -B(R 4 R 5); -R 6 -B(R 4 R 5); -C -R 6; -S y -R 6 (wherein y = 0, 1, or 2); and -P -(R 4 R 5); wherein R 6 is selected from alkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, cycloalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl; wherein R 4 and R 5 are independently hydrogen, hydroxyl, aryloxy, or alkoxy, or wherein R 4 and R 5 together form a cyclic ester, or an acid anhydride (either mixed or symmetrical); wherein R 7 and R 8 are independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl, haloalkyl, aryl, cycloalkyl, arylalkyl, heteroalkyl, heterocyclyl and heterocyclylalkyl; R 7 and R 8 are both oxygen to form a nitro group; or R 7 and R 8 together with the nitrogen to which they are attached, form a heterocyclyl; and wherein X 2 is -S y - (wherein y = 0, 1, or 2), or oxygen; and n is an integer between 0 and 8.