An electronic device comprising: a sensor; an antenna; a positioning circuit configured to receive satellite signals through the antenna using a specified frequency band; a resonant frequency adjustment circuit configured to adjust a resonant frequency of the antenna; and a processor, wherein the processor is configured to: identify whether the electronic device is in water using the sensor; on the basis of the sensor identifying that the electronic device is not in water, adjust the resonant frequency of the antenna to a first frequency band specified according to a first permittivity of air in relation to the specified first frequency band using the resonant frequency adjustment circuit; on the basis of the sensor identifying that the electronic device is in water, adjust the resonant frequency of the antenna to a second frequency band specified according to a second permittivity of water in relation to the specified second frequency band using the resonant frequency adjustment circuit; receive the satellite signals through the antenna of which the resonant frequency has been adjusted to a frequency band corresponding to one of the first frequency band or the second frequency band using the positioning circuit; and determine a position of the electronic device primarily on a basis of the received satellite signals using the positioning circuit. a sensor; an antenna; a positioning circuit configured to receive satellite signals through the antenna using a specified frequency band; a resonant frequency adjustment circuit configured to adjust a resonant frequency of the antenna; and a processor, wherein the processor is configured to: identify whether the electronic device is in water using the sensor; on the basis of the sensor identifying that the electronic device is not in water, adjust the resonant frequency of the antenna to a first frequency band specified according to a first permittivity of air in relation to the specified first frequency band using the resonant frequency adjustment circuit; on the basis of the sensor identifying that the electronic device is in water, adjust the resonant frequency of the antenna to a second frequency band specified according to a second permittivity of water in relation to the specified second frequency band using the resonant frequency adjustment circuit; receive the satellite signals through the antenna of which the resonant frequency has been adjusted to a frequency band corresponding to one of the first frequency band or the second frequency band using the positioning circuit; and determine a position of the electronic device primarily on a basis of the received satellite signals using the positioning circuit. identify whether the electronic device is in water using the sensor; on the basis of the sensor identifying that the electronic device is not in water, adjust the resonant frequency of the antenna to a first frequency band specified according to a first permittivity of air in relation to the specified first frequency band using the resonant frequency adjustment circuit; on the basis of the sensor identifying that the electronic device is in water, adjust the resonant frequency of the antenna to a second frequency band specified according to a second permittivity of water in relation to the specified second frequency band using the resonant frequency adjustment circuit; receive the satellite signals through the antenna of which the resonant frequency has been adjusted to a frequency band corresponding to one of the first frequency band or the second frequency band using the positioning circuit; and determine a position of the electronic device primarily on a basis of the received satellite signals using the positioning circuit.