A compound having the following formula: or wherein: Ab is an antibody or an antigen binding fragment thereof; AA 1 -AA 2 is a peptide residue selected from the group consisting of valine-citrulline, citrulline-valine, lysine-phenylalanine, phenylalanine-lysine, valine-asparagine, asparagine-valine, threonine-asparagine, serine-asparagine, asparagine-serine, phenylalanine-asparagine, asparagine-phenylalanine, leucine-asparagine, asparagine-leucine, isoleucine-asparagine, asparagine-isoleucine, glycine-asparagine, asparagine-glycine, glutamic acid-asparagine, asparagine-glutamic acid, citrulline-asparagine, asparagine-citrulline, alanine-asparagine, and asparagine-alanine; a is an integer from 1 to 10; q is 0 or an integer from 1 to 5; R 1 is an amino acid residue, a peptide residue having 2-20 amino acid residues, an -alkylene-, an -alkynylene-, an -alkenylene-, a -cycloalkylene-, an -arylene-, a -heteroarylene-, a -heterocyclylene-, -CR 5 R 6 -, -O-, -C(=O)-, -O-C(=O)-, -C(=O)-O-, -O-C(=O)-O-, -C(=O)-(CH x) p1 -, -C(=O)-O-(CH x) p1 -, -(CH x) p1 -C(=O)-, -(CH x) p1 -C(=O)-O-, -(O-(CH 2) p2 -) p3 -, -((CH 2) p2 -O-) p3 -, -C(=S)-, -C(=S)-S-, -C(=S)-NH-, -S-C(=S)-, -S-C(=S)-S-, -S-, -SO-, -SO 2 -, -NR 4 -, -N(R 4)-C(=O)-N(R 8)-, -N(R 4)-C(=O)O-, -N(R 4)-C(=O)-, -C(=O)-N(R 4)-, -C(=O)-N(R 4)-C(=O)-, or -O-C(=O)-NR 4 -, wherein -alkylene-, -alkynylene-, alkenylene-, -cycloalkylene-, -arylene-, heteroarylene-, and -heterocyclylene- are optionally substituted; A 3 is -CH 2 -, -CH 2 CH 2 -, -CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 -, or -CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 -; R 17 is selected from the group consisting of O, S, NR 18, or CR 5 R 6; R 18 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, alkynyl, alkenyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, and acyl, wherein alkyl, alkynyl, alkenyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, and acyl are optionally substituted; R 4, R 5, R 6, and R 8 are each independently H, or a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, and heterocyclyl; R 9, R 10, R 11, and R 12 are each independently H, halogen, NR 13 R 14, nitro, cyano, -OH, -O-C(=O)-R 15, -C(=O)-R 15, -C(=O)-O-R 15, -C(=O)-NR 13 R 14, or substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, and heterocyclyl; R 13 and R 14 are each independently H or an optionally substituted alkyl; R 15 is an optionally substituted alkyl; p1, p2, and p3 are each independently 0, or an integer from 1 to 100; and x is 0, 1, or 2. Ab is an antibody or an antigen binding fragment thereof; AA 1 -AA 2 is a peptide residue selected from the group consisting of valine-citrulline, citrulline-valine, lysine-phenylalanine, phenylalanine-lysine, valine-asparagine, asparagine-valine, threonine-asparagine, serine-asparagine, asparagine-serine, phenylalanine-asparagine, asparagine-phenylalanine, leucine-asparagine, asparagine-leucine, isoleucine-asparagine, asparagine-isoleucine, glycine-asparagine, asparagine-glycine, glutamic acid-asparagine, asparagine-glutamic acid, citrulline-asparagine, asparagine-citrulline, alanine-asparagine, and asparagine-alanine; a is an integer from 1 to 10; q is 0 or an integer from 1 to 5; R 1 is an amino acid residue, a peptide residue having 2-20 amino acid residues, an -alkylene-, an -alkynylene-, an -alkenylene-, a -cycloalkylene-, an -arylene-, a -heteroarylene-, a -heterocyclylene-, -CR 5 R 6 -, -O-, -C(=O)-, -O-C(=O)-, -C(=O)-O-, -O-C(=O)-O-, -C(=O)-(CH x) p1 -, -C(=O)-O-(CH x) p1 -, -(CH x) p1 -C(=O)-, -(CH x) p1 -C(=O)-O-, -(O-(CH 2) p2 -) p3 -, -((CH 2) p2 -O-) p3 -, -C(=S)-, -C(=S)-S-, -C(=S)-NH-, -S-C(=S)-, -S-C(=S)-S-, -S-, -SO-, -SO 2 -, -NR 4 -, -N(R 4)-C(=O)-N(R 8)-, -N(R 4)-C(=O)O-, -N(R 4)-C(=O)-, -C(=O)-N(R 4)-, -C(=O)-N(R 4)-C(=O)-, or -O-C(=O)-NR 4 -, wherein -alkylene-, -alkynylene-, alkenylene-, -cycloalkylene-, -arylene-, heteroarylene-, and -heterocyclylene- are optionally substituted; A 3 is -CH 2 -, -CH 2 CH 2 -, -CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 -, or -CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 -; R 17 is selected from the group consisting of O, S, NR 18, or CR 5 R 6; R 18 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, alkynyl, alkenyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, and acyl, wherein alkyl, alkynyl, alkenyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, and acyl are optionally substituted; R 4, R 5, R 6, and R 8 are each independently H, or a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, and heterocyclyl; R 9, R 10, R 11, and R 12 are each independently H, halogen, NR 13 R 14, nitro, cyano, -OH, -O-C(=O)-R 15, -C(=O)-R 15, -C(=O)-O-R 15, -C(=O)-NR 13 R 14, or substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, and heterocyclyl; R 13 and R 14 are each independently H or an optionally substituted alkyl; R 15 is an optionally substituted alkyl; p1, p2, and p3 are each independently 0, or an integer from 1 to 100; and x is 0, 1, or 2.