An electrophotographic roller, comprising an electro-conductive substrate and an electro-conductive elastic layer (2; 21, 22) as a surface layer on the electro-conductive substrate, wherein the elastic layer (2; 21, 22) comprises a binder and retains a bowl-shaped resin particle having an opening in the state where the opening is exposed on a surface of the electrophotographic roller, the surface of the electrophotographic roller comprises a concave portion derived from the opening of the bowl-shaped resin particle exposed on the surface and a convex portion derived from an edge of the opening of the bowl-shaped resin particle exposed on the surface, a part of the surface of the electrophotographic roller is constituted by the elastic layer (2; 21, 22), when the electrophotographic roller is pressed on a glass plate so that a load per unit area of a nip formed by the electrophotographic roller and the glass plate is 6.5 g/mm 2 or more and 14.3 g/mm 2 or less, and a square region having a side whose length is equal to a length of the nip in a direction along a circumferential direction of the electrophotographic roller is put in the nip, wherein said glass plate is a glass plate which has a surface accuracy by optical polishing of both surfaces, and a parallelism of 1 minute or less, in the square region, the convex portion and the glass plate are in contact with each other, and a number of the contact portion is 8 or more, an average value Save of areas of the contact portion is 10 μm 2 or more and 111 μm 2 or less, a variation coefficient S of the areas of the contact portions satisfies the following Expression, and a variation coefficient D of areas of Voronoi regions each including the contact portion satisfies the following Expression: 0.68 ≤ S ≤ 1.00 0.85 ≤ D ≤ 1.20. wherein the elastic layer (2; 21, 22) comprises a binder and retains a bowl-shaped resin particle having an opening in the state where the opening is exposed on a surface of the electrophotographic roller, the surface of the electrophotographic roller comprises a concave portion derived from the opening of the bowl-shaped resin particle exposed on the surface and a convex portion derived from an edge of the opening of the bowl-shaped resin particle exposed on the surface, a concave portion derived from the opening of the bowl-shaped resin particle exposed on the surface and a convex portion derived from an edge of the opening of the bowl-shaped resin particle exposed on the surface, a part of the surface of the electrophotographic roller is constituted by the elastic layer (2; 21, 22), when the electrophotographic roller is pressed on a glass plate so that a load per unit area of a nip formed by the electrophotographic roller and the glass plate is 6.5 g/mm 2 or more and 14.3 g/mm 2 or less, and a square region having a side whose length is equal to a length of the nip in a direction along a circumferential direction of the electrophotographic roller is put in the nip, the convex portion and the glass plate are in contact with each other, and a number of the contact portion is 8 or more, an average value Save of areas of the contact portion is 10 μm 2 or more and 111 μm 2 or less, a variation coefficient S of the areas of the contact portions satisfies the following Expression, and a variation coefficient D of areas of Voronoi regions each including the contact portion satisfies the following Expression: 0.68 ≤ S ≤ 1.00 0.85 ≤ D ≤ 1.20.