A transmission resource configuration method, comprising: receiving, by a terminal (10, 12), at least one piece of first transmission resource pool configuration information sent by a network device, wherein the first transmission resource pool configuration information comprises at least a first transmission resource pool identifier and first transmission resource pool resource configuration information; when the terminal (10, 12) determines that a first transmission resource pool corresponding to the first transmission resource pool identifier is in a first state, independently selecting, by the terminal (10, 12), a direct link transmission resource from time-frequency transmission resources corresponding to the first transmission resource pool resource configuration information; and sending, by the terminal (10, 12), direct link service data by using the direct link transmission resource, wherein the first transmission resource pool configuration information further comprises a first threshold, and the first threshold comprises a first load threshold; and wherein the determining, by the terminal (10, 12) that a first transmission resource pool corresponding to the first transmission resource pool identifier is in the first state, comprises: determining, by the terminal (10, 12) based on a first preset condition, that the first transmission resource pool is in the first state, wherein the first preset condition comprises that load of a second transmission resource pool is greater than or equal to the first load threshold, the second transmission resource pool is a transmission resource pool that is currently used by the terminal (10, 12) to send the direct link service data. receiving, by a terminal (10, 12), at least one piece of first transmission resource pool configuration information sent by a network device, wherein the first transmission resource pool configuration information comprises at least a first transmission resource pool identifier and first transmission resource pool resource configuration information; when the terminal (10, 12) determines that a first transmission resource pool corresponding to the first transmission resource pool identifier is in a first state, independently selecting, by the terminal (10, 12), a direct link transmission resource from time-frequency transmission resources corresponding to the first transmission resource pool resource configuration information; and sending, by the terminal (10, 12), direct link service data by using the direct link transmission resource, wherein the first transmission resource pool configuration information further comprises a first threshold, and the first threshold comprises a first load threshold; and wherein the determining, by the terminal (10, 12) that a first transmission resource pool corresponding to the first transmission resource pool identifier is in the first state, comprises: determining, by the terminal (10, 12) based on a first preset condition, that the first transmission resource pool is in the first state, wherein the first preset condition comprises that load of a second transmission resource pool is greater than or equal to the first load threshold, the second transmission resource pool is a transmission resource pool that is currently used by the terminal (10, 12) to send the direct link service data.