A surgical milling cutter, comprising: a milling cutter bracket, a cutter locking apparatus, and a proximal electric motor which are connected sequentially, wherein the milling cutter bracket comprises a retaining base with a through hole, wherein a distal L-shaped bracket is provided, the free end of the short section having a protrusion, the protrusion having a most proximal point that is more proximal than the most proximal point of a distal cylindrical section of the milling cutter during normal operation of the milling cutter, and wherein the cutter locking apparatus comprises a flange with a through hole, a bearing is disposed at the inner wall of a small cylinder distal to the flange, a locking sleeve is provided over the flange, a protrusion is disposed on the inner wall at the distal part of the locking sleeve, and a conical surface is formed at the inner wall at the proximal part of the locking sleeve; a spring is disposed between the proximal surface of the conical surface and the distal surface of the proximal part of the flange, and a pressing plate is threadedly connected to the outer wall on the distal section of the small cylinder distal to the flange and abbuts the protrusion disposed on the inner wall of the distal part of the locking sleeve; a conical profile corresponding to the conical surface is provided on the wall of the small cylinder distal to the flange, and a steel ball is disposed in the conical profile characterized in that a rotatable finger guide is attached to the distal part of the retaining base, and wherein the L-shaped bracket is attached to the distal end of the finger guide, such that the protrusion extends proximally from the free end of the short side of the L-shaped bracket; a bolt with a center through hole is fixed in a cavity of the finger guide; a pressing plate is disposed at the distal end of the retaining base, and a nut is located proximal to a hole in the pressing plate for connecting to the bolt. a milling cutter bracket, a cutter locking apparatus, and a proximal electric motor which are connected sequentially, wherein the milling cutter bracket comprises a retaining base with a through hole, wherein a distal L-shaped bracket is provided, the free end of the short section having a protrusion, the protrusion having a most proximal point that is more proximal than the most proximal point of a distal cylindrical section of the milling cutter during normal operation of the milling cutter, and wherein the cutter locking apparatus comprises a flange with a through hole, a bearing is disposed at the inner wall of a small cylinder distal to the flange, a locking sleeve is provided over the flange, a protrusion is disposed on the inner wall at the distal part of the locking sleeve, and a conical surface is formed at the inner wall at the proximal part of the locking sleeve; a spring is disposed between the proximal surface of the conical surface and the distal surface of the proximal part of the flange, and a pressing plate is threadedly connected to the outer wall on the distal section of the small cylinder distal to the flange and abbuts the protrusion disposed on the inner wall of the distal part of the locking sleeve; a conical profile corresponding to the conical surface is provided on the wall of the small cylinder distal to the flange, and a steel ball is disposed in the conical profile characterized in that a rotatable finger guide is attached to the distal part of the retaining base, and wherein the L-shaped bracket is attached to the distal end of the finger guide, such that the protrusion extends proximally from the free end of the short side of the L-shaped bracket; a bolt with a center through hole is fixed in a cavity of the finger guide; a pressing plate is disposed at the distal end of the retaining base, and a nut is located proximal to a hole in the pressing plate for connecting to the bolt.