A rolling sliding member (2a, 2b, 3a, 4) characterized in that: the rolling sliding member (2a, 2b, 3a, 4) is made of a base material that is a steel material consisting of 0.16 to 0.19% of carbon by mass, 0.15 to 0.55% of silicon by mass, 0.20 to 1.55% of manganese by mass, 2.4 to 3.2% of chromium by mass, 0.01 to 0.2% of nickel by mass, higher than or equal to 0.001% and lower than 0.1% of molybdenum by mass, and the balance of less than or equal to 97.079% of iron by mass and incidental impurities, and which has a hardenability index of higher than or equal to 5.4, the hardenability index being expressed by Formula: X C •X Si •X Mn •X Cr •X Ni •X Mo wherein X C is 0.5346 × carbon content (mass%) + 0.0004, X Si is 0.7×silicon content (mass%), X Mn when a manganese content is higher than or equal to 0.20% by mass and lower than 1.25% by mass is 3.3844 × manganese content (mass%) + 0.9826, X Mn when a manganese content is higher than or equal to 1.25% by mass and lower than or equal to 1.55% by mass is 5.1 × manganese content (mass%) - 1.12, X Cr is 2.1596 × chromium content (mass%) + 1.0003, X Ni is 0.382 × nickel content (mass%) + 0.99, and X Mo is 3 × molybdenum content (mass%) + 1, the base material being subjected to carburizing to achieve an effective case depth of 1.5 to 8 mm; the rolling sliding member (2a, 2b, 3a, 4) has a rolling sliding surface that is in at least one of rolling contact and sliding contact relative to an opposed member; and a carbon content in a surface layer in a range from a surface of the rolling sliding surface to a depth of 0.05 mm is 0.8 to 1.2% by mass, a Vickers hardness at a position at a depth of 0.1 mm from the surface of the rolling sliding surface is 700 to 840, an amount of retained austenite at a position at a depth of 0.1 mm from the surface of the rolling sliding surface is 20 to 40 % by volume, an area ratio of carbide at a position at a depth of 0.03 mm from the surface of the rolling sliding surface is 1.5 to 8 %, a Vickers hardness of the portion that is located at the center, in the axially longitudinal direction, of the portion at which the rolling sliding surface is formed and that is located at a center, in the thickness direction, of the portion at which the rolling sliding surface is formed is 300 to 510, and a martensitic transformation ratio of the portion that is located at the center, in the axially longitudinal direction, of the portion at which the rolling sliding surface is formed and that is located at the center, in the thickness direction, of the portion at which the rolling sliding surface is formed is 50 to 100 %. the rolling sliding member (2a, 2b, 3a, 4) is made of a base material that is a steel material consisting of 0.16 to 0.19% of carbon by mass, 0.15 to 0.55% of silicon by mass, 0.20 to 1.55% of manganese by mass, 2.4 to 3.2% of chromium by mass, 0.01 to 0.2% of nickel by mass, higher than or equal to 0.001% and lower than 0.1% of molybdenum by mass, and the balance of less than or equal to 97.079% of iron by mass and incidental impurities, and which has a hardenability index of higher than or equal to 5.4, the hardenability index being expressed by Formula: X C •X Si •X Mn •X Cr •X Ni •X Mo