Method for controlling quality of operation of a passive acoustic monitoring system suitable for monitoring marine mammals in a marine environment, said passive acoustic monitoring system having a control unit, said method comprising, at least for one given source: a) said at least one given source emits at least one acoustic test signal; b) the passive acoustic monitoring system obtains acoustic signal measurements and estimates at least one parameter, characteristic of and/or associated with said at least one test acoustic signal, as a function of said acoustic signal measurements; c) comparing the at least one estimated parameter with at least one reference parameter, characteristic of and/or associated with said at least one test acoustic signal; d) obtaining at least one piece of quality information of operation of the passive acoustic monitoring system, as a function of results of said comparing step; and characterized in that a quality control device performs: 1) driving said at least one given source to trigger said step a), said driving including transmitting an emission command to said at least one given source, the quality control device transmitting also a measurement command to the control unit of the passive acoustic monitoring system; 2) obtaining said at least one estimated parameter; and 3) carrying-out said step c) so that the quality control device compares said at least one estimated parameter with said at least one reference parameter, and carrying-out said step d) so that the quality control device obtains said at least one piece of quality information; wherein a navigation system implements a seismic shooting session, and wherein said quality control device carries out a synchronization of said step of driving said at least one given source, with said seismic shooting session. a) said at least one given source emits at least one acoustic test signal; b) the passive acoustic monitoring system obtains acoustic signal measurements and estimates at least one parameter, characteristic of and/or associated with said at least one test acoustic signal, as a function of said acoustic signal measurements; c) comparing the at least one estimated parameter with at least one reference parameter, characteristic of and/or associated with said at least one test acoustic signal; d) obtaining at least one piece of quality information of operation of the passive acoustic monitoring system, as a function of results of said comparing step; and characterized in that a quality control device performs: 1) driving said at least one given source to trigger said step a), said driving including transmitting an emission command to said at least one given source, the quality control device transmitting also a measurement command to the control unit of the passive acoustic monitoring system; 2) obtaining said at least one estimated parameter; and 3) carrying-out said step c) so that the quality control device compares said at least one estimated parameter with said at least one reference parameter, and carrying-out said step d) so that the quality control device obtains said at least one piece of quality information; wherein a navigation system implements a seismic shooting session, and wherein said quality control device carries out a synchronization of said step of driving said at least one given source, with said seismic shooting session. 1) driving said at least one given source to trigger said step a), said driving including transmitting an emission command to said at least one given source, the quality control device transmitting also a measurement command to the control unit of the passive acoustic monitoring system; 2) obtaining said at least one estimated parameter; and 3) carrying-out said step c) so that the quality control device compares said at least one estimated parameter with said at least one reference parameter, and carrying-out said step d) so that the quality control device obtains said at least one piece of quality information;