A communication protocol testing method, involving a testing platform, a tested device and a reference device, for detecting an execution situation of the tested device when a plurality of different communication protocols are executed between the tested device and the reference device, the method comprising: executing, by the tested device and the reference device, one of the plurality of different communication protocols, wherein a message transmitted and/or received by the tested device when executing the communication protocol is referred to as a first message, and the first message is encapsulated in a data encapsulation format of the communication protocol; encapsulating, by the tested device, a part or all of data in the first message according to a unified data encapsulation format to generate a second message or encapsulating, by the tested device, a part or all of data in the first message and data known to the tested device according to a unified data encapsulation format to generate a second message; and obtaining the second message by the testing platform, wherein the part or all of data in the first message comprises data obtained by the tested device by parsing the received first message according to the communication protocol and/or data used by the tested device for constructing the transmitted first message; parsing, by the testing platform, the obtained second message according to the unified data encapsulation format to obtain a part or all of data in the second message; and executing, by the testing platform, testing items according to the part or all of data in the second message obtained by the parsing, and outputting, by the testing platform, a testing result to complete the testing; wherein the unified data encapsulation format is a data encapsulation format supported by the testing platform, and the unified data encapsulation format is applicable in performing the testing for each of the plurality of different communication protocols. executing, by the tested device and the reference device, one of the plurality of different communication protocols, wherein a message transmitted and/or received by the tested device when executing the communication protocol is referred to as a first message, and the first message is encapsulated in a data encapsulation format of the communication protocol; encapsulating, by the tested device, a part or all of data in the first message according to a unified data encapsulation format to generate a second message or encapsulating, by the tested device, a part or all of data in the first message and data known to the tested device according to a unified data encapsulation format to generate a second message; and obtaining the second message by the testing platform, wherein the part or all of data in the first message comprises data obtained by the tested device by parsing the received first message according to the communication protocol and/or data used by the tested device for constructing the transmitted first message; parsing, by the testing platform, the obtained second message according to the unified data encapsulation format to obtain a part or all of data in the second message; and executing, by the testing platform, testing items according to the part or all of data in the second message obtained by the parsing, and outputting, by the testing platform, a testing result to complete the testing; wherein the unified data encapsulation format is a data encapsulation format supported by the testing platform, and the unified data encapsulation format is applicable in performing the testing for each of the plurality of different communication protocols.