An apparatus for deep brain stimulation, said apparatus comprising: at least a first stimulator and a second stimulator configured to be inserted in a subject's central thalamus wherein the first stimulator and the second stimulator comprise one or more electrodes; and a stimulus signal generator coupled to said first and second stimulators, the stimulus signal generator configured to provide stimulus signals to the first and second stimulators,wherein the stimulus signal generator selectively provides the stimulus signals to at least one of the one or more electrodes of the first and second stimulators causing a current to flow between first stimulator and second stimulator across a fiber bundle of the subject's central thalamus in use; and at least a first sensor and a second sensor configured to detect neuronal activity; characterised in that the apparatus comprises an adaptive feedback controller coupled to the first and second stimulators and the first and second sensors, the adaptive feedback controller comprising a processor and a memory coupled to the processor which is configured to execute one or more programmed instructions stored in the memory to: receive neuronal activity data for the subject's central thalamus from the first and second sensors; determine a state and performance level of the subject's central thalamus based on the neuronal activity data; extract a feature vector from the state and performance levels; and compute a response stimulus signal based upon a comparison of the extracted feature vector to a prestored feature vector; and transmit the response stimulus to the stimulus signal generator to control a thalamic projecting fiber in the subject. at least a first stimulator and a second stimulator configured to be inserted in a subject's central thalamus wherein the first stimulator and the second stimulator comprise one or more electrodes; and a stimulus signal generator coupled to said first and second stimulators, the stimulus signal generator configured to provide stimulus signals to the first and second stimulators,wherein the stimulus signal generator selectively provides the stimulus signals to at least one of the one or more electrodes of the first and second stimulators causing a current to flow between first stimulator and second stimulator across a fiber bundle of the subject's central thalamus in use; and at least a first sensor and a second sensor configured to detect neuronal activity; characterised in that the apparatus comprises an adaptive feedback controller coupled to the first and second stimulators and the first and second sensors, the adaptive feedback controller comprising a processor and a memory coupled to the processor which is configured to execute one or more programmed instructions stored in the memory to: receive neuronal activity data for the subject's central thalamus from the first and second sensors; determine a state and performance level of the subject's central thalamus based on the neuronal activity data; extract a feature vector from the state and performance levels; and compute a response stimulus signal based upon a comparison of the extracted feature vector to a prestored feature vector; and transmit the response stimulus to the stimulus signal generator to control a thalamic projecting fiber in the subject. at least a first sensor and a second sensor configured to detect neuronal activity; characterised in that the apparatus comprises an adaptive feedback controller coupled to the first and second stimulators and the first and second sensors, the adaptive feedback controller comprising a processor and a memory coupled to the processor which is configured to execute one or more programmed instructions stored in the memory to: receive neuronal activity data for the subject's central thalamus from the first and second sensors; determine a state and performance level of the subject's central thalamus based on the neuronal activity data; extract a feature vector from the state and performance levels; and compute a response stimulus signal based upon a comparison of the extracted feature vector to a prestored feature vector; and transmit the response stimulus to the stimulus signal generator to control a thalamic projecting fiber in the subject. receive neuronal activity data for the subject's central thalamus from the first and second sensors; determine a state and performance level of the subject's central thalamus based on the neuronal activity data; extract a feature vector from the state and performance levels; and compute a response stimulus signal based upon a comparison of the extracted feature vector to a prestored feature vector; and transmit the response stimulus to the stimulus signal generator to control a thalamic projecting fiber in the subject.