A driving assistance apparatus for assisting a driving operation by outputting a reverse sound at the time of a reversing maneuver of a vehicle, the apparatus comprising: an information acquisition unit for acquiring driving assistance information including a vehicle condition and a vehicle surrounding condition; a reverse sound management unit for managing reverse sounds belonging in a musical scale of a tonic reverse sound, the tonic reverse sound representing the reverse sound at the time of a normal reversing maneuver of the vehicle, as musical scale reverse sounds; and an output reverse sound determination unit for determining a melody in the form of a temporal sequence of reverse sounds in accordance with the driving assistance information as the reverse sound, the melody including the tonic reverse sound and the musical scale reverse sounds, characterized by further comprising: a reverse sound output control unit configured to select the reverse sounds by the melody determined by the output reverse sound determination unit from the reverse sounds managed by the reverse sound management unit, and to output a group of reverse sounds creating the melody by a same cycle and in an intermittent manner to a speaker, wherein said output reverse sound determination unit is configured to determine a deteriorating tendency or an improving tendency of the vehicle condition and the vehicle surrounding condition in accordance with the driving assistance information, and to determine a different melody using the tonic reverse sound relatively between the deteriorating tendency and the improving tendency. an information acquisition unit for acquiring driving assistance information including a vehicle condition and a vehicle surrounding condition; a reverse sound management unit for managing reverse sounds belonging in a musical scale of a tonic reverse sound, the tonic reverse sound representing the reverse sound at the time of a normal reversing maneuver of the vehicle, as musical scale reverse sounds; and an output reverse sound determination unit for determining a melody in the form of a temporal sequence of reverse sounds in accordance with the driving assistance information as the reverse sound, the melody including the tonic reverse sound and the musical scale reverse sounds, characterized by further comprising: a reverse sound output control unit configured to select the reverse sounds by the melody determined by the output reverse sound determination unit from the reverse sounds managed by the reverse sound management unit, and to output a group of reverse sounds creating the melody by a same cycle and in an intermittent manner to a speaker, wherein said output reverse sound determination unit is configured to determine a deteriorating tendency or an improving tendency of the vehicle condition and the vehicle surrounding condition in accordance with the driving assistance information, and to determine a different melody using the tonic reverse sound relatively between the deteriorating tendency and the improving tendency. a reverse sound output control unit configured to select the reverse sounds by the melody determined by the output reverse sound determination unit from the reverse sounds managed by the reverse sound management unit, and to output a group of reverse sounds creating the melody by a same cycle and in an intermittent manner to a speaker, wherein said output reverse sound determination unit is configured to determine a deteriorating tendency or an improving tendency of the vehicle condition and the vehicle surrounding condition in accordance with the driving assistance information, and to determine a different melody using the tonic reverse sound relatively between the deteriorating tendency and the improving tendency.