An optical fiber temperature distribution measuring device comprising: an optical fiber as a sensor; a calculation control unit for measuring a temperature distribution along the optical fiber based on an intensity ratio between Stokes light and anti-Stokes light of backward Raman scattered light from the optical fiber; and a temperature correction unit for correcting the temperature distribution by using temperature dependence of a loss difference between the Stokes light and the anti-Stokes light, wherein the temperature correction unit includes: an optical fiber loss correction temperature storing unit for storing a temperature of the optical fiber at a point in time when a loss correction value of the optical fiber is obtained; an optical fiber loss temperature characteristic storing unit for storing a temperature characteristic of a loss value of the optical fiber; an optical fiber loss correction value storing unit for storing a loss correction value of the optical fiber; a temperature correction calculation unit for correcting the temperature distribution by using the loss correction value of the optical fiber; and a loss correction value calculation unit for correcting the temperature distribution by using the temperature dependence of the loss difference between the Stokes light and the anti-Stokes light based on the temperature of the optical fiber at the point in time when the loss correction value of the optical fiber is obtained, the temperature characteristic of the loss value of the optical fiber, and the temperature distribution corrected by the temperature correction calculation unit. an optical fiber as a sensor; a calculation control unit for measuring a temperature distribution along the optical fiber based on an intensity ratio between Stokes light and anti-Stokes light of backward Raman scattered light from the optical fiber; and a temperature correction unit for correcting the temperature distribution by using temperature dependence of a loss difference between the Stokes light and the anti-Stokes light, wherein the temperature correction unit includes: an optical fiber loss correction temperature storing unit for storing a temperature of the optical fiber at a point in time when a loss correction value of the optical fiber is obtained; an optical fiber loss temperature characteristic storing unit for storing a temperature characteristic of a loss value of the optical fiber; an optical fiber loss correction value storing unit for storing a loss correction value of the optical fiber; a temperature correction calculation unit for correcting the temperature distribution by using the loss correction value of the optical fiber; and a loss correction value calculation unit for correcting the temperature distribution by using the temperature dependence of the loss difference between the Stokes light and the anti-Stokes light based on the temperature of the optical fiber at the point in time when the loss correction value of the optical fiber is obtained, the temperature characteristic of the loss value of the optical fiber, and the temperature distribution corrected by the temperature correction calculation unit. an optical fiber loss correction temperature storing unit for storing a temperature of the optical fiber at a point in time when a loss correction value of the optical fiber is obtained; an optical fiber loss temperature characteristic storing unit for storing a temperature characteristic of a loss value of the optical fiber; an optical fiber loss correction value storing unit for storing a loss correction value of the optical fiber; a temperature correction calculation unit for correcting the temperature distribution by using the loss correction value of the optical fiber; and a loss correction value calculation unit for correcting the temperature distribution by using the temperature dependence of the loss difference between the Stokes light and the anti-Stokes light based on the temperature of the optical fiber at the point in time when the loss correction value of the optical fiber is obtained, the temperature characteristic of the loss value of the optical fiber, and the temperature distribution corrected by the temperature correction calculation unit.