A method of determination of a linear deviation p or q and/ or an angular deviation β or y of the path or plane of a workpiece or of a machine part from the axis of rotation of a spindle of the machine in mutually perpendicular axes y and x which are also perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the spindle, comprising the following steps: - clamping a source of a laser beam to the spindle; - providing a detecting device with at least one electronic optical sensor,; - successively or simultaneously or continuously recording, by one electronic optical sensor, points of incidence of the laser beam or of its components,, created by splitting the laser beam by a beam splitter, or geometric shapes drawn by the laser beam or by its components,, at least at two optical distances b and c from the end of the spindle on the path or plane of a workpiece or a machine part; - shifting the detecting device and/or its electronic optical sensor/sensors, in relation to the end of the spindle, each by the same distance e; - successively or simultaneously or continuously recording, by one electronic optical sensor,, points of incidence of the laser beam or of its components,, created by splitting the laser beam by a beam splitter, or geometric shapes drawn by the laser beam or by its components,, at the optical distances b+e and c+e from the end of the spindle on the path or plane of a workpiece or a machine part; - directly determining the linear deviation p b or q b of the path or plane of the workpiece or the machine part from the axis of rotation of the spindle at the optical distance b +e from the end of the spindle by the displacement y b or x b in the axis y or x of the point of incidence of the laser beam or of its components, or of the center of the geometric shape drawn by the laser beam or by its components,, which occurs upon change of the optical distance b into the optical distance b+e; - directly determining the linear deviation p c or q c of the path or plane of the workpiece or the machine part from the axis of rotation of the spindle at the optical distance c +e from the end of the spindle by the displacement y c or x c in the axis y or x of the point of incidence of the laser beam or of its components, or of the center of the geometric shape drawn by the laser beam or by its components,, which occurs upon change of the optical distance b into the optical distance b+e; and - calculating or continuously calculating the angular deviation β or γ at the optical distance b+e or c+e from the linear deviations p b and p c, or q b and q c, thus obtained. - clamping a source of a laser beam to the spindle; - providing a detecting device with at least one electronic optical sensor,; - successively or simultaneously or continuously recording, by one electronic optical sensor, points of incidence of the laser beam or of its components,, created by splitting the laser beam by a beam splitter, or geometric shapes drawn by the laser beam or by its components,, at least at two optical distances b and c from the end of the spindle on the path or plane of a workpiece or a machine part; - shifting the detecting device and/or its electronic optical sensor/sensors, in relation to the end of the spindle, each by the same distance e; - successively or simultaneously or continuously recording, by one electronic optical sensor,, points of incidence of the laser beam or of its components,, created by splitting the laser beam by a beam splitter, or geometric shapes drawn by the laser beam or by its components,, at the optical distances b+e and c+e from the end of the spindle on the path or plane of a workpiece or a machine part; - directly determining the linear deviation p b or q b of the path or plane of the workpiece or the machine part from the axis of rotation of the spindle at the optical distance b +e from the end of the spindle by the displacement y b or x b in the axis y or x of the point of incidence of the laser beam or of its components, or of the center of the geometric shape drawn by the laser beam or by its components,, which occurs upon change of the optical distance b into the optical distance b+e; - directly determining the linear deviation p c or q c of the path or plane of the workpiece or the machine part from the axis of rotation of the spindle at the optical distance c +e from the end of the spindle by the displacement y c or x c in the axis y or x of the point of incidence of the laser beam or of its components, or of the center of the geometric shape drawn by the laser beam or by its components,, which occurs upon change of the optical distance b into the optical distance b+e; and - calculating or continuously calculating the angular deviation β or γ at the optical distance b+e or c+e from the linear deviations p b and p c, or q b and q c, thus obtained.