A sun gear coaxially driven screw and nut structure is to install the inner ring gear in the nut and install at least one of the radial arm structures of the planetary gear in the bolt; and by means of coaxial drive of the sun gear with the nut center, effects locking or loosening operation of the screw and nut set or screw structure; comprising: -- Cover: A bottle-cap shape structure that locks on a stud by means of one or more jack posts, and by covering onto the top section outer ring of a drivable nut provides a protection for a planetary gear set; -- Drivable nut: A ring shape structure with its an integrated inner ring top sectional structure or installed with an inner ring gear in an assembly manner; the lower section of the structure has inner threads to couple with the thread of the stud so that when the sun gear cylinder is driven, and in turn, drives the inner ring gear through the planetary gear, the drivable nut is loosened or locked by its rotating or counter-rotating motion; the outer part of the stud has a thread to couple with the inner thread of the drivable nut; the upper part of the head of the stud is installed with one or more jack posts for the planetary gear to effect rotary operation; an axial blind hole is installed in the head of the stud to allow a boss at the lower end of the sun gear cylinder to rotate in it; -- Planetary gear: Installed with axial hole for coupled rotation with jack post and for coupling among the sun gear of the sun gear cylinder and the inner ring gear of the drivable nut in order to form an interactive planetary gear set function; -- Sun gear cylinder: The sun gear cylinder is a cylindrical structure with its integrated top section or formed into cylindrical tooth tip by assembly method; installed along the axial center of the sun gear cylinder is a polygonal through hole or blind hole for coupling with outside tools; or it becomes a polyhedral cylinder structure to accept drive by coupled tools. -- Cover: A bottle-cap shape structure that locks on a stud by means of one or more jack posts, and by covering onto the top section outer ring of a drivable nut provides a protection for a planetary gear set; -- Drivable nut: A ring shape structure with its an integrated inner ring top sectional structure or installed with an inner ring gear in an assembly manner; the lower section of the structure has inner threads to couple with the thread of the stud so that when the sun gear cylinder is driven, and in turn, drives the inner ring gear through the planetary gear, the drivable nut is loosened or locked by its rotating or counter-rotating motion; the outer part of the stud has a thread to couple with the inner thread of the drivable nut; the upper part of the head of the stud is installed with one or more jack posts for the planetary gear to effect rotary operation; an axial blind hole is installed in the head of the stud to allow a boss at the lower end of the sun gear cylinder to rotate in it; the outer part of the stud has a thread to couple with the inner thread of the drivable nut; the upper part of the head of the stud is installed with one or more jack posts for the planetary gear to effect rotary operation; an axial blind hole is installed in the head of the stud to allow a boss at the lower end of the sun gear cylinder to rotate in it; -- Planetary gear: Installed with axial hole for coupled rotation with jack post and for coupling among the sun gear of the sun gear cylinder and the inner ring gear of the drivable nut in order to form an interactive planetary gear set function; -- Sun gear cylinder: The sun gear cylinder is a cylindrical structure with its integrated top section or formed into cylindrical tooth tip by assembly method; installed along the axial center of the sun gear cylinder is a polygonal through hole or blind hole for coupling with outside tools; or it becomes a polyhedral cylinder structure to accept drive by coupled tools.