An optical device having an optical film (100; 10) comprising first and second base films (110, 150) disposed to face each other; and a light modulation layer existing between the first and second base films (110, 150), wherein one electrode layer (120, 140) is formed on each of the surfaces of the first and second base films (110, 150) that face each other, each electrode layer (120, 140) is patterned to comprise central first region (124, 144) configured to apply an electric field to the light modulation layer, and a peripheral second region (121, 122, 125, 141, 142, 145) including a region A (121, 125, 141, 145) configured to connect the electrode layer (120, 140) to an electric power source so that the central first region (124, 144) can apply the electric field, the peripheral second region is patterned into said region A (121, 125, 141, 145) electrically connected to the central first region (124, 144) and a region B (122, 142) electrically isolated from the central first region (124, 144), and the region A formed on the first base film and the region A formed on the second base film are disposed so as not to face each other, characterized in that each electrode layer is patterned into a central compartment, a plurality of peripheral compartments and at least one passage structure each passage structure electrically connecting the central compartment to a respective one of the peripheral compartments, the central compartment is the first region (124, 144), the peripheral compartments altogether are the second region (121, 122, 125, 141, 142, 145), the peripheral compartment or compartments electrically connected to the central compartment via a respective passage structure is or altogether are the region A (121, 125, 141, 145) and the peripheral compartment or compartments electrically isolated from the central compartment is or altogether are the region B (122, 142). wherein one electrode layer (120, 140) is formed on each of the surfaces of the first and second base films (110, 150) that face each other, each electrode layer (120, 140) is patterned to comprise central first region (124, 144) configured to apply an electric field to the light modulation layer, and a peripheral second region (121, 122, 125, 141, 142, 145) including a region A (121, 125, 141, 145) configured to connect the electrode layer (120, 140) to an electric power source so that the central first region (124, 144) can apply the electric field, the peripheral second region is patterned into said region A (121, 125, 141, 145) electrically connected to the central first region (124, 144) and a region B (122, 142) electrically isolated from the central first region (124, 144), and the region A formed on the first base film and the region A formed on the second base film are disposed so as not to face each other, characterized in that each electrode layer is patterned into a central compartment, a plurality of peripheral compartments and at least one passage structure each passage structure electrically connecting the central compartment to a respective one of the peripheral compartments, the central compartment is the first region (124, 144), the peripheral compartments altogether are the second region (121, 122, 125, 141, 142, 145), the peripheral compartment or compartments electrically connected to the central compartment via a respective passage structure is or altogether are the region A (121, 125, 141, 145) and the peripheral compartment or compartments electrically isolated from the central compartment is or altogether are the region B (122, 142).