A system comprising: (a) a device with (i) a solid support having a surface and (ii) a plurality of different probes, wherein the different probes are immobilized to the surface; (b) a fluid volume comprising an analyte wherein the fluid volume is in contact with the solid support, (c) a detector assembly comprising means to detect signals measured at multiple time points from each of a plurality of spots on the microarray while the fluid volume is in contact with the solid support, characterized by the detector assembly having an array of transducers that are each capable of measuring an electrochemical signal, and (d) a computing system comprising an executable code for a Riccati Equation that compensates for errors arising from one or more of (i) probe density variations, (ii) non-uniform probe spotting on the array, (iii) non-uniform probe synthesis on the array, (iv) inherent biochemical noise, (v) cross-hybridization to similar targets, (vi) probe saturation, (vii) washing artifacts, and (viii) suboptimal detection by using the electrochemical signals measured at multiple time points from each of a plurality of spots on the microarray to estimate the parameters of a Riccati Equation expressed as dP t dt = − K + P 0 P t C − P 0 − P t + K_ P 0 − P t where P(t) is the number of available probes at time t, C is the original target quantity in the solution, Po is the number of probes at a particular spot on the array prior to any hybridization, K+ is the forward target/probe binding reaction rate, and K- is the backwards target/probe binding reaction rate. (a) a device with (i) a solid support having a surface and (ii) a plurality of different probes, wherein the different probes are immobilized to the surface; (i) a solid support having a surface and (ii) a plurality of different probes, wherein the different probes are immobilized to the surface; (b) a fluid volume comprising an analyte wherein the fluid volume is in contact with the solid support, (c) a detector assembly comprising means to detect signals measured at multiple time points from each of a plurality of spots on the microarray while the fluid volume is in contact with the solid support, characterized by the detector assembly having an array of transducers that are each capable of measuring an electrochemical signal, and (d) a computing system comprising an executable code for a Riccati Equation that compensates for errors arising from one or more of (i) probe density variations, (ii) non-uniform probe spotting on the array, (iii) non-uniform probe synthesis on the array, (iv) inherent biochemical noise, (v) cross-hybridization to similar targets, (vi) probe saturation, (vii) washing artifacts, and (viii) suboptimal detection (i) probe density variations, (ii) non-uniform probe spotting on the array, (iii) non-uniform probe synthesis on the array, (iv) inherent biochemical noise, (v) cross-hybridization to similar targets, (vi) probe saturation, (vii) washing artifacts, and (viii) suboptimal detection where P(t) is the number of available probes at time t, C is the original target quantity in the solution, Po is the number of probes at a particular spot on the array prior to any hybridization, K+ is the forward target/probe binding reaction rate, and K- is the backwards target/probe binding reaction rate.