A method for producing a dental or/and bone substitute for a dentition having a defect, the dentition comprising an upper jaw and a lower jaw, comprising the steps of: - determining the left and right direction point (3, 4) and an induction point of the upper jaw as three cranial reference points of the upper jaw, and determining the left and right direction point (6, 7) and an induction point of the lower jaw as three cranial reference points of the lower jaw, wherein the time when the six cranial reference points (2 to 7) are determined is a time when the defect is not yet present; - storing the relative spatial position of the six cranial reference points (2 to 7) in such a way that the spatial position of the six cranial reference points (2 to 7) relative to one another is completely defined; wherein the relative spatial position of the six cranial reference points (2 to 7) is defined by the upper plane which is generated by the cranial reference points (2 to 4) of the upper jaw and the lower plane which is generated by the cranial reference points (5 to 7) of the lower jaw, and by the distances from the two planes of the left intersection point at which the straight line from the left upper direction point to the lower induction point and the straight line from the left lower direction point to the upper induction point intersect, and by the distances from the two planes of the right intersection point at which the straight line from the right upper direction point to the lower induction point and the straight line from the right lower direction point to the upper induction point intersect, wherein a template body the vertices of which coincide with the coordinates of the six cranial reference points (2 to 7) is formed for storing the relative spatial position of the six cranial reference points (2 to 7); - creating a model of the defective dentition, wherein a model half for the upper jaw and a model half for the lower jaw is produced; - identifying the three cranial reference points (2 to 4) of the upper jaw at the upper jaw model half, and identifying the three cranial reference points (5 to 7) of the lower jaw at the lower jaw model half; - arranging and fixing the upper jaw model half and the lower jaw model half relative to each other in such a way that the spatial position of the six cranial reference points (2 to 7) relative to each other corresponds to the stored spatial position; - forming the dental or/and bone substitute based on the model halves which are spatially fixed relative to each other in such a way that the spatial position of the six cranial reference points (2 to 7) is maintained. - determining the left and right direction point (3, 4) and an induction point of the upper jaw as three cranial reference points of the upper jaw, and determining the left and right direction point (6, 7) and an induction point of the lower jaw as three cranial reference points of the lower jaw, wherein the time when the six cranial reference points (2 to 7) are determined is a time when the defect is not yet present; - storing the relative spatial position of the six cranial reference points (2 to 7) in such a way that the spatial position of the six cranial reference points (2 to 7) relative to one another is completely defined; wherein the relative spatial position of the six cranial reference points (2 to 7) is defined by the upper plane which is generated by the cranial reference points (2 to 4) of the upper jaw and the lower plane which is generated by the cranial reference points (5 to 7) of the lower jaw, and by the distances from the two planes of the left intersection point at which the straight line from the left upper direction point to the lower induction point and the straight line from the left lower direction point to the upper induction point intersect, and by the distances from the two planes of the right intersection point at which the straight line from the right upper direction point to the lower induction point and the straight line from the right lower direction point to the upper induction point intersect, wherein a template body the vertices of which coincide with the coordinates of the six cranial reference points (2 to 7) is formed for storing the relative spatial position of the six cranial reference points (2 to 7); - creating a model of the defective dentition, wherein a model half for the upper jaw and a model half for the lower jaw is produced; - identifying the three cranial reference points (2 to 4) of the upper jaw at the upper jaw model half, and identifying the three cranial reference points (5 to 7) of the lower jaw at the lower jaw model half; - arranging and fixing the upper jaw model half and the lower jaw model half relative to each other in such a way that the spatial position of the six cranial reference points (2 to 7) relative to each other corresponds to the stored spatial position; - forming the dental or/and bone substitute based on the model halves which are spatially fixed relative to each other in such a way that the spatial position of the six cranial reference points (2 to 7) is maintained.