A method for determining the presence or absence of Bacterial Vaginosis in a subject, the method comprising: (a) on a sample obtained from a subject suspected of having BV, performing an assay for the detection of bacteria consisting of Lactobacillus sp., G. vaginalis, and Eggerthella sp. in the sample; (b) for each of Lactobacillus sp., G. vaginalis, and Eggerthella sp., assigning a status of either positive or negative based on the detection assay; and (c) determining the presence or absence of BV in the subject based on a combination of the assigned Lactobacillus sp. status, G. vaginalis status, and Eggerthella sp. status from step (c), wherein (i) a negative status for both G. vaginalis and Eggerthella sp. indicates the absence of BV in the subject, (ii) a positive status for both G. vaginalis and Eggerthella sp. indicates the presence of BV in the subject, (iii) if the status of Lactobacillus sp. is positive, then a negative status for at least one of G. vaginalis and Eggerthella indicates the absence of BV in the subject, and (iv) if the status of Lactobacillus sp. is negative, then a positive status for at least one of G. vaginalis and Eggerthella indicates the presence of BV in the subject, wherein the method does not include detection of bacterial genera associated with BV other than Lactobacillus sp., G. vaginalis and Eggerthella sp. (a) on a sample obtained from a subject suspected of having BV, performing an assay for the detection of bacteria consisting of Lactobacillus sp., G. vaginalis, and Eggerthella sp. in the sample; (b) for each of Lactobacillus sp., G. vaginalis, and Eggerthella sp., assigning a status of either positive or negative based on the detection assay; and (c) determining the presence or absence of BV in the subject based on a combination of the assigned Lactobacillus sp. status, G. vaginalis status, and Eggerthella sp. status from step (c), wherein (i) a negative status for both G. vaginalis and Eggerthella sp. indicates the absence of BV in the subject, (ii) a positive status for both G. vaginalis and Eggerthella sp. indicates the presence of BV in the subject, (iii) if the status of Lactobacillus sp. is positive, then a negative status for at least one of G. vaginalis and Eggerthella indicates the absence of BV in the subject, and (iv) if the status of Lactobacillus sp. is negative, then a positive status for at least one of G. vaginalis and Eggerthella indicates the presence of BV in the subject, wherein the method does not include detection of bacterial genera associated with BV other than Lactobacillus sp., G. vaginalis and Eggerthella sp. (i) a negative status for both G. vaginalis and Eggerthella sp. indicates the absence of BV in the subject, (ii) a positive status for both G. vaginalis and Eggerthella sp. indicates the presence of BV in the subject, (iii) if the status of Lactobacillus sp. is positive, then a negative status for at least one of G. vaginalis and Eggerthella indicates the absence of BV in the subject, and (iv) if the status of Lactobacillus sp. is negative, then a positive status for at least one of G. vaginalis and Eggerthella indicates the presence of BV in the subject, wherein the method does not include detection of bacterial genera associated with BV other than Lactobacillus sp., G. vaginalis and Eggerthella sp.