An optical cable fastening structure, comprising: a first clamping member, wherein a first cable-through structure is provided on a first fitting surface that is of the first clamping member and that is configured to fasten an optical cable; a second clamping member, wherein a second cable-through structure is provided on a second fitting surface that is of the second clamping member and that is configured to fasten the optical cable; a fastener, wherein the first clamping member and the second clamping member are joined and detachably connected by using the fastener, at least a part of the first fitting surface of the first clamping member comes into contact with at least a part of the second fitting surface of the second clamping member under the action of the fastener, and the first cable-through structure and the second cable-through structure are joined, to form an optical cable through hole for the optical cable to pass through; and the optical cable through hole is in interference fit with the optical cable; a tearing member, connected to a first end face that is of the first clamping member, the first end face being configured to lead out the optical cable; a protection cover, wherein one part of the protection cover is connected to the tearing member, the other part of the protection cover protrudes from the first end face, the protective cover covers an opening of the optical cable through hole when the first clamping member and the second clamping member are joined by using the fastener, and the tearing member and the protective cover seal the optical cable through hole; and wherein the tearing member is strip-shaped and is disposed along an edge of the protective cover such that the protective cover is configured to be torn off at a location of the tearing member. a first clamping member, wherein a first cable-through structure is provided on a first fitting surface that is of the first clamping member and that is configured to fasten an optical cable; a second clamping member, wherein a second cable-through structure is provided on a second fitting surface that is of the second clamping member and that is configured to fasten the optical cable; a fastener, wherein the first clamping member and the second clamping member are joined and detachably connected by using the fastener, at least a part of the first fitting surface of the first clamping member comes into contact with at least a part of the second fitting surface of the second clamping member under the action of the fastener, and the first cable-through structure and the second cable-through structure are joined, to form an optical cable through hole for the optical cable to pass through; and the optical cable through hole is in interference fit with the optical cable; a tearing member, connected to a first end face that is of the first clamping member, the first end face being configured to lead out the optical cable; a protection cover, wherein one part of the protection cover is connected to the tearing member, the other part of the protection cover protrudes from the first end face, the protective cover covers an opening of the optical cable through hole when the first clamping member and the second clamping member are joined by using the fastener, and the tearing member and the protective cover seal the optical cable through hole; and wherein the tearing member is strip-shaped and is disposed along an edge of the protective cover such that the protective cover is configured to be torn off at a location of the tearing member.