mhurhangee/ep-ind-claims huggingface dataset:
Method of evaluating a management of power transmitted and/or received in a call between a user's equipment, UE, and a Node B in a UMTS terrestrial radio access network, UTRAN, comprising the step of: defining a short time interval, T ST_BLER, for measuring block error rate, BLER, the short time interval being substantially shorter than a duration of the call; defining a short time BLER, ST BLER, value as a number of blocks with errors in any given T ST_BLER interval divided by a total number of blocks transmitted in said T ST_BLER interval; for each of a plurality of T ST_BLER intervals during the call, calculating a respective short time BLER, ST BLER, value; and detecting whether a percentage of the calculated ST BLER values fulfils a capacity constraint and a quality constraint; wherein: if the call is a conversational service, the short time interval, T ST_BLER, is defined as: T ST BLER ̅ = 4 / BLER target Block_Rate where BLER target is a predefined BLER target and Block_Rate is a measure of a number of blocks transmitted in a unit of time, so that there are on average four errors per short time interval; if the call is a data service, the short time interval, T ST_BLER, is defined to be equal to a fixed value of 4 seconds; and wherein: the capacity constraint is fulfilled when the percentage of ST BLER below a quarter of the BLER target is lower than a pre-established threshold indicating very low BLER, VL BLER; and the quality constraint is fulfilled when the percentage of ST BLER above two times of the BLER target is lower than a pre-established threshold indicating high BLER, HL BLER; in order to measure the efficiency and performance of an outer loop power control, OLPC, algorithm implemented in said UTRAN. defining a short time interval, T ST_BLER, for measuring block error rate, BLER, the short time interval being substantially shorter than a duration of the call; defining a short time BLER, ST BLER, value as a number of blocks with errors in any given T ST_BLER interval divided by a total number of blocks transmitted in said T ST_BLER interval; for each of a plurality of T ST_BLER intervals during the call, calculating a respective short time BLER, ST BLER, value; and detecting whether a percentage of the calculated ST BLER values fulfils a capacity constraint and a quality constraint; if the call is a conversational service, the short time interval, T ST_BLER, is defined as: T ST BLER ̅ = 4 / BLER target Block_Rate where BLER target is a predefined BLER target and Block_Rate is a measure of a number of blocks transmitted in a unit of time, so that there are on average four errors per short time interval; if the call is a data service, the short time interval, T ST_BLER, is defined to be equal to a fixed value of 4 seconds; and the capacity constraint is fulfilled when the percentage of ST BLER below a quarter of the BLER target is lower than a pre-established threshold indicating very low BLER, VL BLER; and the quality constraint is fulfilled when the percentage of ST BLER above two times of the BLER target is lower than a pre-established threshold indicating high BLER, HL BLER;
An apparatus comprising a processor for receiving and processing a data set of multiple mass spectra from a mass spectrometer, characterized in that the processing comprises a normalization process for the data set, the data set comprising N spectra that each contain M m/z bins and have a common spectral profile and differential peaks between the spectra, the normalization process comprising the steps of: - running a non-negative matrix factorization algorithm several times on the data set in rank-1 mode to obtain a profile vector and a vector with scaling factors which form a rank-1 approximation of the data set, wherein differential peaks in the profile vector are penalized by deducting in each iteration differential residuals from the data set; - estimating the common ion current of a spectrum as the area-under-the curve of the profile vector scaled by the scaling factor of the spectrum; - for each spectrum, scaling back the spectrum with the inverse of its common ion current or a common ion current derived scaling factor. - running a non-negative matrix factorization algorithm several times on the data set in rank-1 mode to obtain a profile vector and a vector with scaling factors which form a rank-1 approximation of the data set, wherein differential peaks in the profile vector are penalized by deducting in each iteration differential residuals from the data set; - estimating the common ion current of a spectrum as the area-under-the curve of the profile vector scaled by the scaling factor of the spectrum; - for each spectrum, scaling back the spectrum with the inverse of its common ion current or a common ion current derived scaling factor.
A method for preparing polyethylene glycol conjugated hemoglobin (PEG-Hb) comprising the steps of: a) mixing hemoglobin (Hb) with 2-iminothiolane (2-IT) in an aqueous diluent, wherein the 2-IT is at a concentration of between 7- and 8-fold molar excess in the diluent over the Hb concentration, to form thiolated Hb; and b) adding polyethylene glycol -maleimide (Mal) to the thiolated Hb in the aqueous diluent, wherein the PEG-Mal is at a concentration of between 9- and 15-fold molar excess in the diluent over the Hb concentration to form a PEG-Hb conjugate, wherein the PEG-Mal has an average molecular weight of between 4,000 and 6,000 daltons (Da); wherein the PEG-Hb conjugate contains an average of between 7.1 and 8.9 PEG molecules per Hb. a) mixing hemoglobin (Hb) with 2-iminothiolane (2-IT) in an aqueous diluent, wherein the 2-IT is at a concentration of between 7- and 8-fold molar excess in the diluent over the Hb concentration, to form thiolated Hb; and b) adding polyethylene glycol -maleimide (Mal) to the thiolated Hb in the aqueous diluent, wherein the PEG-Mal is at a concentration of between 9- and 15-fold molar excess in the diluent over the Hb concentration to form a PEG-Hb conjugate, wherein the PEG-Mal has an average molecular weight of between 4,000 and 6,000 daltons (Da);
A base station (10; 20) for communicating with a mobile station by using a plurality of antenna ports, the base station comprising: a mapping information communication unit configured to combine a plurality of first mappings of reference signals for measuring channel state information to generate a second mapping of reference signals for measuring channel state information of the plurality of antenna ports, each of the plurality of first mappings being defined for eight or less of the antenna ports and the second mapping being defined for a multiple of a number of antenna ports of one of the plurality of the first mappings, and configured to communicate information indicating the generated second mapping to the mobile station; a multiplexer configured to multiplex the reference signals for measuring the channel state information in one or more resource elements in accordance with the generated second mapping; and a transmitter the configured to transmit the reference signals for measuring the channel state information. a mapping information communication unit configured to combine a plurality of first mappings of reference signals for measuring channel state information to generate a second mapping of reference signals for measuring channel state information of the plurality of antenna ports, each of the plurality of first mappings being defined for eight or less of the antenna ports and the second mapping being defined for a multiple of a number of antenna ports of one of the plurality of the first mappings, and configured to communicate information indicating the generated second mapping to the mobile station; a multiplexer configured to multiplex the reference signals for measuring the channel state information in one or more resource elements in accordance with the generated second mapping; and a transmitter the configured to transmit the reference signals for measuring the channel state information.
A distributed optical fibre sensor for determining one or more parameters as functions of position along a plurality of sensing optical fibres (10, 11, 12) from properties of probe light backscattered within the sensing optical fibres, the sensor comprising: a probe light source arranged to generate probe light pulses each at one of a plurality of optical wavelengths; a coupler arranged to receive the probe light pulses from the probe light source and to direct pulses of each wavelength into a different corresponding one of said sensing optical fibres, and to collect probe light backscattered within the sensing optical fibres; a detector arranged to receive the collected backscattered light and to separately detect light of each of said different wavelengths in said collected backscattered light; and an analyser arranged to determine said one or more parameters as functions of position along each of the sensing optical fibres from said detected backscattered light of each corresponding wavelength. a probe light source arranged to generate probe light pulses each at one of a plurality of optical wavelengths; a coupler arranged to receive the probe light pulses from the probe light source and to direct pulses of each wavelength into a different corresponding one of said sensing optical fibres, and to collect probe light backscattered within the sensing optical fibres; a detector arranged to receive the collected backscattered light and to separately detect light of each of said different wavelengths in said collected backscattered light; and an analyser arranged to determine said one or more parameters as functions of position along each of the sensing optical fibres from said detected backscattered light of each corresponding wavelength.
A process for preparing a crazing-resistant can end stock, comprising: applying a pretreatment coating to a first side of a metal strip, wherein the pretreatment coating has an average thickness of from 5 nm to 100 nm and wherein the metal strip comprises AA3104, AA5006 or AA5182 series aluminum alloys; laminating a polymer film to the first side of the metal strip to form a laminated metal strip, wherein the polymer film is adhered to at least a portion of the pretreatment coating and wherein the polymer film comprises a polyethylene terephthalate film; and annealing the laminated metal strip at an annealing temperature, wherein the annealing temperature is greater than 150 °C and less than 235 °C. applying a pretreatment coating to a first side of a metal strip, wherein the pretreatment coating has an average thickness of from 5 nm to 100 nm and wherein the metal strip comprises AA3104, AA5006 or AA5182 series aluminum alloys; laminating a polymer film to the first side of the metal strip to form a laminated metal strip, wherein the polymer film is adhered to at least a portion of the pretreatment coating and wherein the polymer film comprises a polyethylene terephthalate film; and annealing the laminated metal strip at an annealing temperature, wherein the annealing temperature is greater than 150 °C and less than 235 °C.
A method of antenna orientation in a point-to-point wireless network comprising: positioning a first antenna to receive a first signal from a second antenna, the second antenna comprising energy absorbing material that functions to expand beamwidth of the second antenna; receiving, by the first antenna, the first signal from the second antenna; detecting a plurality of gains based on the first signal, each gain associated with a different position of the first antenna relative to the second antenna; repositioning the first antenna relative to the second antenna to a position associated with an acceptable gain of the plurality of gains based on the first signal; removing at least some of the energy absorbing material from the second antenna to narrow the beamwidth of the second antenna; receiving, by the first antenna, a second signal from the second antenna; detecting a plurality of gains based on the second signal, each gain associated with a different position of the first antenna relative to the second antenna; and repositioning the first antenna relative to the second antenna to a position associated with an increased gain of the plurality of gains based on the second signal, the increased gain being greater than the acceptable gain of the plurality of gains based on the first signal. positioning a first antenna to receive a first signal from a second antenna, the second antenna comprising energy absorbing material that functions to expand beamwidth of the second antenna; receiving, by the first antenna, the first signal from the second antenna; detecting a plurality of gains based on the first signal, each gain associated with a different position of the first antenna relative to the second antenna; repositioning the first antenna relative to the second antenna to a position associated with an acceptable gain of the plurality of gains based on the first signal; removing at least some of the energy absorbing material from the second antenna to narrow the beamwidth of the second antenna; receiving, by the first antenna, a second signal from the second antenna; detecting a plurality of gains based on the second signal, each gain associated with a different position of the first antenna relative to the second antenna; and repositioning the first antenna relative to the second antenna to a position associated with an increased gain of the plurality of gains based on the second signal, the increased gain being greater than the acceptable gain of the plurality of gains based on the first signal.
A cooking appliance comprising: a cooking chamber; an imaging device for capturing an image of a food item inside the cooking chamber; a computing device in communication with the imaging device and comprising a software module configured to receive the captured image from the imaging device and to compute a degree of browning according to the following algorithm:. receiving the image. analyzing the red-green-blue color value of each pixel in the image associated with the food item. averaging all RGB color values of all food-item pixels in the image to compute a single RGB color value representative of the food item. converting the single RGB color value to a real-time degree of browning. outputting the real-time degree of browning 80; and a user interface configured to display a visual scale indicating the real-time degree of browning. a cooking chamber; an imaging device for capturing an image of a food item inside the cooking chamber; a computing device in communication with the imaging device and comprising a software module configured to receive the captured image from the imaging device and to compute a degree of browning according to the following algorithm:. receiving the image. analyzing the red-green-blue color value of each pixel in the image associated with the food item. averaging all RGB color values of all food-item pixels in the image to compute a single RGB color value representative of the food item. converting the single RGB color value to a real-time degree of browning. outputting the real-time degree of browning 80; and. receiving the image. analyzing the red-green-blue color value of each pixel in the image associated with the food item. averaging all RGB color values of all food-item pixels in the image to compute a single RGB color value representative of the food item. converting the single RGB color value to a real-time degree of browning. outputting the real-time degree of browning 80; and a user interface configured to display a visual scale indicating the real-time degree of browning.
A lidar comprising: a CW laser light source that oscillates a plurality of CW laser light rays with different wavelengths; an optical branching unit that splits the CW laser light oscillated by the CW laser light source, the split CW laser light comprising different wavelengths; a light modulator that modulates first CW laser light split by the optical branching unit; an optical fiber amplifier that amplifies the laser light modulated by the light modulator; a transmit-receive optical system that irradiates a target with the laser light amplified by the optical fiber amplifier, and that receives scattered light of the laser light by the target; an optical multiplexer that mixes the scattered light received by the transmit-receive optical system and second CW laser light split by the optical branching unit, and that outputs mixed light of the scattered light and the CW laser light; a photodetector that receives the mixed light output from the optical multiplexer, and that detects beat signals of the scattered light and the CW laser light; and an information extractor that extracts information about the target from the beat signals detected with the photodetector, wherein propagation optical paths of light within the lidar are composed of an optical fiber, and the signals detected by the photodetector consist of the superposition of spectral components of the beat signal of the scattered light and the CW laser light. a CW laser light source that oscillates a plurality of CW laser light rays with different wavelengths; an optical branching unit that splits the CW laser light oscillated by the CW laser light source, the split CW laser light comprising different wavelengths; a light modulator that modulates first CW laser light split by the optical branching unit; an optical fiber amplifier that amplifies the laser light modulated by the light modulator; a transmit-receive optical system that irradiates a target with the laser light amplified by the optical fiber amplifier, and that receives scattered light of the laser light by the target; an optical multiplexer that mixes the scattered light received by the transmit-receive optical system and second CW laser light split by the optical branching unit, and that outputs mixed light of the scattered light and the CW laser light; a photodetector that receives the mixed light output from the optical multiplexer, and that detects beat signals of the scattered light and the CW laser light; and an information extractor that extracts information about the target from the beat signals detected with the photodetector, wherein propagation optical paths of light within the lidar are composed of an optical fiber, and the signals detected by the photodetector consist of the superposition of spectral components of the beat signal of the scattered light and the CW laser light.
Thermoelectric energy converter for converting thermal energy and electrical energy from one form to the other using at least one thermocouple, comprising at least one self-supporting, three-dimensional microstructure having - at least one first microcolumn, which has a first microcolumn longitudinal extent, a first microcolumn diameter and at least one first microcolumn material having a first thermopower, and - at least one second microcolumn, which has a second microcolumn longitudinal extent, a second microcolumn diameter and at least one second microcolumn material having a second thermopower that is different compared with the first microcolumn material, wherein - the longitudinal extents (111, 121) of the microcolumns are arranged substantially parallel to one another, - the microcolumn diameters (112, 122) are selected from the range 0.1 μm to 200 μm, - the microcolumns (11, 12) each have an aspect ratio in the range 20 to 1000, and - the microcolumns are coupled together as a thermocouple to build up a thermoelectric voltage - wherein a readout device for reading out the thermoelectric voltage of the thermocouple and/or a drive device for driving the thermocouple by means of an electrical drive voltage are present, characterised in that the readout device and/or the drive device or parts thereof are integrated into a microstructure substrate, on which the microstructure is arranged and/or the readout device and/or the drive device or parts thereof are integrated into a circuit substrate that is different from the microstructure substrate. - at least one first microcolumn, which has a first microcolumn longitudinal extent, a first microcolumn diameter and at least one first microcolumn material having a first thermopower, and - at least one second microcolumn, which has a second microcolumn longitudinal extent, a second microcolumn diameter and at least one second microcolumn material having a second thermopower that is different compared with the first microcolumn material, wherein - the longitudinal extents (111, 121) of the microcolumns are arranged substantially parallel to one another, - the microcolumn diameters (112, 122) are selected from the range 0.1 μm to 200 μm, - the microcolumns (11, 12) each have an aspect ratio in the range 20 to 1000, and - the microcolumns are coupled together as a thermocouple to build up a thermoelectric voltage - wherein a readout device for reading out the thermoelectric voltage of the thermocouple and/or a drive device for driving the thermocouple by means of an electrical drive voltage are present,
Adaptive pendulum vibration mass damper for adaptably damping occurring vibrations of low frequencies < 2 Hz in high, narrow structures, comprising (i) at least one first pendulum rod, which has a length (4.1), is arranged perpendicularly in the idle state, and is connected, via a joint (4.2), at one end directly or via a carrier element to the structure to be damped, (ii) at least one second pendulum rod, which has a length (5.1), is arranged perpendicularly in the idle state, and is arranged entirely or partly below or above the first pendulum rod, characterized in that the second pendulum rod is connected, via a joint (5.3), at one end directly or via a carrier element to the structure to be damped, said first pendulum rod being connected at its free end via a freely movable joint (4.3)(5.2) directly or indirectly to the free end of the second pendulum rod, (iii) an vibration mass, which is attached to the first pendulum rod and connected via the joint (4.3)(5.2) to the second pendulum rod such that the two pendulum rods are moved together when force acts on the mass, and (iv) a pressure-controlled support device, which can increase or reduce the weight of the vibration mass by relieving or loading, and frequency changes can thus be selectively achieved, the support device being an integral component of the second pendulum rod. (i) at least one first pendulum rod, which has a length (4.1), is arranged perpendicularly in the idle state, and is connected, via a joint (4.2), at one end directly or via a carrier element to the structure to be damped, (ii) at least one second pendulum rod, which has a length (5.1), is arranged perpendicularly in the idle state, and is arranged entirely or partly below or above the first pendulum rod, characterized in that the second pendulum rod is connected, via a joint (5.3), at one end directly or via a carrier element to the structure to be damped, said first pendulum rod being connected at its free end via a freely movable joint (4.3)(5.2) directly or indirectly to the free end of the second pendulum rod, (iii) an vibration mass, which is attached to the first pendulum rod and connected via the joint (4.3)(5.2) to the second pendulum rod such that the two pendulum rods are moved together when force acts on the mass, and (iv) a pressure-controlled support device, which can increase or reduce the weight of the vibration mass by relieving or loading, and frequency changes can thus be selectively achieved, the support device being an integral component of the second pendulum rod.
A high-contrast waterproof surface-mounted LED lamp, comprising: a casing provided with a reflector cup, a PCB disposed on a lower surface of the casing, a LED chip and an optical guiding molding compound disposed in the reflector cup, wherein the casing is formed by laminating a lower light color layer and an upper dark color layer, a black waterproof sealant being provided on the upper surface of the PCB and the outer surface of the light color layer of the casing.