A pulmonary treatment system (2100, 3100, 3200, 3300, 3400, 200, 4000, 6000, 4100, 4200, 7000, 8000), comprising: a nerve modification assembly configured to assume a reduced profile for passage through a lumen of an elongate device and positioning in an airway of a patient, the lumen having a diameter less than about 6.0 millimeters, and configured to assume a treatment configuration for treatment of the airway, the nerve modification assembly including an energy delivery portion (2120, 3220, 3320, 3420, 220, 4020, 800, 7100, 7150, 8220a) configured to generate heat energy in an airway wall of the airway to ablate nerve tissue along the airway; and a cooling portion (2110, 2140, 3210, 3240, 3310, 3340, 3410, 210, 240, 4010, 4040, 6040, 4129, 4120, 4229, 4220, 7310, 7120, 8240) configured to remove heat energy from the airway wall while heat energy is generated in the airway wall by the energy delivery portion, wherein the cooling portion includes an inflatable member and a fluid delivery conduit that extends at least partially around a circumference of the inflatable member when the nerve modification assembly is in the treatment configuration, and wherein the energy delivery member includes an electrode coupled to a portion of the fluid delivery conduit, the electrode including an electrically conductive film or coating directly coupled to an electrically insulating external surface of the fluid supply conduit, characterized by at least one electrically insulating material being disposed over a portion of the electrically conductive material, thereby defining at least one electrically conductive tissue contact region of the exposed contact surface, and at least one electrically insulating tissue contact region of the exposed contact surface on a tissue facing side of the energy delivery member. a nerve modification assembly configured to assume a reduced profile for passage through a lumen of an elongate device and positioning in an airway of a patient, the lumen having a diameter less than about 6.0 millimeters, and configured to assume a treatment configuration for treatment of the airway, the nerve modification assembly including an energy delivery portion (2120, 3220, 3320, 3420, 220, 4020, 800, 7100, 7150, 8220a) configured to generate heat energy in an airway wall of the airway to ablate nerve tissue along the airway; and a cooling portion (2110, 2140, 3210, 3240, 3310, 3340, 3410, 210, 240, 4010, 4040, 6040, 4129, 4120, 4229, 4220, 7310, 7120, 8240) configured to remove heat energy from the airway wall while heat energy is generated in the airway wall by the energy delivery portion, wherein the cooling portion includes an inflatable member and a fluid delivery conduit that extends at least partially around a circumference of the inflatable member when the nerve modification assembly is in the treatment configuration, and wherein the energy delivery member includes an electrode coupled to a portion of the fluid delivery conduit, the electrode including an electrically conductive film or coating directly coupled to an electrically insulating external surface of the fluid supply conduit, characterized by at least one electrically insulating material being disposed over a portion of the electrically conductive material, thereby defining at least one electrically conductive tissue contact region of the exposed contact surface, and at least one electrically insulating tissue contact region of the exposed contact surface on a tissue facing side of the energy delivery member.