A surgical manipulator system comprising: a plurality of manipulators (11A, 11B; 11A, 11B, 11C) each being provided with a treatment tool (4A, 4B; 4A, 4B, 4C), each treatment tool (4A, 4B; 4A, 4B, 4C) having at least one joint and a drive portion (5A, 5B; 5A, 5B, 5C) that is attached to the treatment tool (4A, 4B; 4A, 4B, 4C) to drive the treatment tool (4A, 4B; 4A, 4B, 4C); a manipulation input portion (10; 10A, 10B) with which manipulation for causing, by driving the drive portion (5A, 5B; 5A, 5B, 5C) of each manipulator (11A, 11B; 11A, 11B, 11C), each treatment tool (4A, 4B; 4A, 4B, 4C) to perform a desired operation is input; and a control portion that controls the drive portions (5A, 5B; 5A, 5B, 5C) on the basis of the manipulation that has been input via the manipulation input portion, wherein each treatment tool (4A, 4B; 4A, 4B, 4C) is provided with an identification-information retaining portion (6A, 6B; 6A, 6B, 6C) that retains identification information of the treatment tool (4A, 4B; 4A, 4B, 4C), the manipulation input portion (10; 10A, 10B) is provided with a manipulation-side reading portion (9; 9A, 9B) that performs short-distance communication with the identification-information retaining portion (6A, 6B; 6A, 6B, 6C) of each treatment tool (4A, 4B; 4A, 4B, 4C), thus reading the identification information of each treatment tool (4A, 4B; 4A, 4B, 4C), and the control portion controls the drive portions (5A, 5B; 5A, 5B, 5C) on the basis of the identification information of each treatment tool (4A, 4B; 4A, 4B, 4C) read by the manipulation-side reading portion (9; 9A, 9B), wherein each of the drive portions (5A, 5B; 5A, 5B, 5C) is provided with a main-unit-side reading portion (7A, 7B; 7A, 7B, 7C) that reads the identification information of the treatment tool (4A, 4B; 4A, 4B, 4C), and the control portion controls the drive portions on the basis of the identification information of each treatment tool (4A, 4B; 4A, 4B, 4C) read by the manipulation-side reading portion and a correspondence relationship between the identification information of each treatment tool (4A, 4B; 4A, 4B, 4C) read by the main-unit-side reading portions and the drive portions (5A, 5B; 5A, 5B, 5C). a plurality of manipulators (11A, 11B; 11A, 11B, 11C) each being provided with a treatment tool (4A, 4B; 4A, 4B, 4C), each treatment tool (4A, 4B; 4A, 4B, 4C) having at least one joint and a drive portion (5A, 5B; 5A, 5B, 5C) that is attached to the treatment tool (4A, 4B; 4A, 4B, 4C) to drive the treatment tool (4A, 4B; 4A, 4B, 4C); a manipulation input portion (10; 10A, 10B) with which manipulation for causing, by driving the drive portion (5A, 5B; 5A, 5B, 5C) of each manipulator (11A, 11B; 11A, 11B, 11C), each treatment tool (4A, 4B; 4A, 4B, 4C) to perform a desired operation is input; and a control portion that controls the drive portions (5A, 5B; 5A, 5B, 5C) on the basis of the manipulation that has been input via the manipulation input portion, wherein each treatment tool (4A, 4B; 4A, 4B, 4C) is provided with an identification-information retaining portion (6A, 6B; 6A, 6B, 6C) that retains identification information of the treatment tool (4A, 4B; 4A, 4B, 4C), the manipulation input portion (10; 10A, 10B) is provided with a manipulation-side reading portion (9; 9A, 9B) that performs short-distance communication with the identification-information retaining portion (6A, 6B; 6A, 6B, 6C) of each treatment tool (4A, 4B; 4A, 4B, 4C), thus reading the identification information of each treatment tool (4A, 4B; 4A, 4B, 4C), and the control portion controls the drive portions (5A, 5B; 5A, 5B, 5C) on the basis of the identification information of each treatment tool (4A, 4B; 4A, 4B, 4C) read by the manipulation-side reading portion (9; 9A, 9B), wherein each of the drive portions (5A, 5B; 5A, 5B, 5C) is provided with a main-unit-side reading portion (7A, 7B; 7A, 7B, 7C) that reads the identification information of the treatment tool (4A, 4B; 4A, 4B, 4C), and the control portion controls the drive portions on the basis of the identification information of each treatment tool (4A, 4B; 4A, 4B, 4C) read by the manipulation-side reading portion and a correspondence relationship between the identification information of each treatment tool (4A, 4B; 4A, 4B, 4C) read by the main-unit-side reading portions and the drive portions (5A, 5B; 5A, 5B, 5C).