A communication system with a transmitter (2, 3) configured to transmit binary data and a receiver (2, 3) configured to receive data transmitted from the transmitter, wherein a) the transmitter comprises: a1) a first storage unit (21a, 31a) which stores a plurality of encoding systems therein in advance; a2) a count unit (21, 31) which sections the binary data to be transmitted into data sections, wherein each data section is represented by a pattern of logic, and counts the number of occurrence of each pattern of logic; a3) a first selection unit (21, 31) which selects any one of the plurality of encoding systems stored in the first storage unit, on the basis of the number counted by means of the count unit; a4) an encoding unit (21, 31) which encodes the data sections on the basis of the encoding system selected by means of the first selection unit; a5) an encoding information processing unit (21, 31) which adds encoding system specification information showing the encoding system selected by means of the first selection unit to the binary data to be transmitted, thereby generating transmission data; and a6) a transmission unit (22, 32) which transmits the transmission data to the receiver, and wherein b) the receiver comprises: b1) a second storage unit (21a, 31a) which stores a plurality of encoding systems therein in advance; b2) a reception unit (23, 33) which receives the transmission data transmitted from the transmitter; b3) a second selection unit (21, 31) which selects any one of the plurality of encoding systems stored in the second storage unit, based on the encoding system specification information included in said transmission data received by means of the receiver; and b4) a decoding processing unit (21, 31) which decodes the data sections of said received transmission data on the basis of the encoding system selected by means of the second selection unit. a) the transmitter comprises: a1) a first storage unit (21a, 31a) which stores a plurality of encoding systems therein in advance; a2) a count unit (21, 31) which sections the binary data to be transmitted into data sections, wherein each data section is represented by a pattern of logic, and counts the number of occurrence of each pattern of logic; a3) a first selection unit (21, 31) which selects any one of the plurality of encoding systems stored in the first storage unit, on the basis of the number counted by means of the count unit; a4) an encoding unit (21, 31) which encodes the data sections on the basis of the encoding system selected by means of the first selection unit; a5) an encoding information processing unit (21, 31) which adds encoding system specification information showing the encoding system selected by means of the first selection unit to the binary data to be transmitted, thereby generating transmission data; and a6) a transmission unit (22, 32) which transmits the transmission data to the receiver, and wherein b) the receiver comprises: b1) a second storage unit (21a, 31a) which stores a plurality of encoding systems therein in advance; b2) a reception unit (23, 33) which receives the transmission data transmitted from the transmitter; b3) a second selection unit (21, 31) which selects any one of the plurality of encoding systems stored in the second storage unit, based on the encoding system specification information included in said transmission data received by means of the receiver; and b4) a decoding processing unit (21, 31) which decodes the data sections of said received transmission data on the basis of the encoding system selected by means of the second selection unit. a1) a first storage unit (21a, 31a) which stores a plurality of encoding systems therein in advance; a2) a count unit (21, 31) which sections the binary data to be transmitted into data sections, wherein each data section is represented by a pattern of logic, and counts the number of occurrence of each pattern of logic; a3) a first selection unit (21, 31) which selects any one of the plurality of encoding systems stored in the first storage unit, on the basis of the number counted by means of the count unit; a4) an encoding unit (21, 31) which encodes the data sections on the basis of the encoding system selected by means of the first selection unit; a5) an encoding information processing unit (21, 31) which adds encoding system specification information showing the encoding system selected by means of the first selection unit to the binary data to be transmitted, thereby generating transmission data; and a6) a transmission unit (22, 32) which transmits the transmission data to the receiver, and b1) a second storage unit (21a, 31a) which stores a plurality of encoding systems therein in advance; b2) a reception unit (23, 33) which receives the transmission data transmitted from the transmitter; b3) a second selection unit (21, 31) which selects any one of the plurality of encoding systems stored in the second storage unit, based on the encoding system specification information included in said transmission data received by means of the receiver; and b4) a decoding processing unit (21, 31) which decodes the data sections of said received transmission data on the basis of the encoding system selected by means of the second selection unit.