A method for exchanging calling and called roles of communication terminals, comprising: a virtual calling party initiating a service request, and sending service request information to a virtual called party; the virtual called party matching a characteristic field carried in the received service request information with data in a preset calling-called role exchange rule base of the virtual called party, and after determining that the characteristic field and the data can be matched successfully, initiating a corresponding callback service to the virtual calling party; and the virtual calling party receiving the corresponding callback service initiated by the virtual called party; wherein, the method is characterised in that, after determining that the characteristic field and data can be matched successfully, the method further comprises: the virtual called party not initiating the callback service to the virtual calling party directly, but sending service response state information; the virtual calling party receiving the service response state information; wherein, the service response state information is a service delay short message, and the method further comprises: after sending the service delay short message, the virtual called party making a delay identifier for the service request information according to a delay count value, saving the service request information which has been made the delay identifier, starting a timer for delay processing simultaneously, and after the timer times out, triggering a reprocessing process for the service request information which has been made the delay identifier; the virtual calling party receiving the service delay short message, extracting the delay count value in the service delay short message, modifying a count value of a preset timeout counter, and continuing to wait for a service callback. a virtual calling party initiating a service request, and sending service request information to a virtual called party; the virtual called party matching a characteristic field carried in the received service request information with data in a preset calling-called role exchange rule base of the virtual called party, and after determining that the characteristic field and the data can be matched successfully, initiating a corresponding callback service to the virtual calling party; and the virtual calling party receiving the corresponding callback service initiated by the virtual called party; wherein, the method is characterised in that, after determining that the characteristic field and data can be matched successfully, the method further comprises: the virtual called party not initiating the callback service to the virtual calling party directly, but sending service response state information; the virtual calling party receiving the service response state information; wherein, the service response state information is a service delay short message, and the method further comprises: after sending the service delay short message, the virtual called party making a delay identifier for the service request information according to a delay count value, saving the service request information which has been made the delay identifier, starting a timer for delay processing simultaneously, and after the timer times out, triggering a reprocessing process for the service request information which has been made the delay identifier; the virtual calling party receiving the service delay short message, extracting the delay count value in the service delay short message, modifying a count value of a preset timeout counter, and continuing to wait for a service callback. the virtual called party not initiating the callback service to the virtual calling party directly, but sending service response state information; the virtual calling party receiving the service response state information; wherein, the service response state information is a service delay short message, and the method further comprises: after sending the service delay short message, the virtual called party making a delay identifier for the service request information according to a delay count value, saving the service request information which has been made the delay identifier, starting a timer for delay processing simultaneously, and after the timer times out, triggering a reprocessing process for the service request information which has been made the delay identifier; the virtual calling party receiving the service delay short message, extracting the delay count value in the service delay short message, modifying a count value of a preset timeout counter, and continuing to wait for a service callback. after sending the service delay short message, the virtual called party making a delay identifier for the service request information according to a delay count value, saving the service request information which has been made the delay identifier, starting a timer for delay processing simultaneously, and after the timer times out, triggering a reprocessing process for the service request information which has been made the delay identifier; the virtual calling party receiving the service delay short message, extracting the delay count value in the service delay short message, modifying a count value of a preset timeout counter, and continuing to wait for a service callback.