An artificial electromagnetic material (200, 300) comprising: at least one material sheet, each material sheet comprising a substrate and a plurality of artificial microstructures attached to the substrate, each substrate being virtually divided into multiple of substrate units arranged in an array, a pair of artificial microstructures being attached to each substrate unit, the pair of artificial microstructures comprising a first artificial microstructure (103, 203) and a second artificial microstructure (104, 204) having different shapes, wherein the first artificial microstructure (103, 203) comprises either: an I-shaped structure and two split ring structures, wherein the I-shaped structure comprises two parallel sides and an intermediate connecting line perpendicularly connected to the parallel sides, wherein two terminals of each split ring structure face toward each other to form an opening, the respective openings of the two split ring structures facing each other, and wherein the two split ring structures are connected with the intermediate connecting line of the I-shaped structure, whereby the intermediate connecting line crosses through the two split ring structure to connect with the parallel sides, and there is a predetermined distance between each split ring structure and the adjacent parallel side; or four branches with a common intersection point, one end of any one of the branches being connected to the intersection point and the other end is defined as a free end, wherein each branch comprises at least one bending part, when if each branch is rotated by 90 degrees, 180 degrees and 270 degrees in sequence about the intersection point as a rotation center, it will totally overlap the other three branches respectively; and wherein the second artificial microstructure (4, 104) comprises: two mutually orthogonal I-shaped structures, each I-shaped structure comprising two parallel sides and an intermediate connecting line perpendicularly connected to the parallel sides, wherein the intermediate connecting lines intersect such that the parallel side define a inner space of the artificial microstructure, and wherein each end of each parallel side of each I-shaped structure has a wire segment connected thereto and extending into the inner space. an I-shaped structure and two split ring structures, wherein the I-shaped structure comprises two parallel sides and an intermediate connecting line perpendicularly connected to the parallel sides, wherein two terminals of each split ring structure face toward each other to form an opening, the respective openings of the two split ring structures facing each other, and wherein the two split ring structures are connected with the intermediate connecting line of the I-shaped structure, whereby the intermediate connecting line crosses through the two split ring structure to connect with the parallel sides, and there is a predetermined distance between each split ring structure and the adjacent parallel side; or four branches with a common intersection point, one end of any one of the branches being connected to the intersection point and the other end is defined as a free end, wherein each branch comprises at least one bending part, when if each branch is rotated by 90 degrees, 180 degrees and 270 degrees in sequence about the intersection point as a rotation center, it will totally overlap the other three branches respectively; and