Composition, especially for caring for and/or making up keratin materials, comprising at least one aqueous phase containing at least: - a hydrophilic gelling agent; and - a dispersion of at least one anhydrous composite material formed from at least: - 3% to 15% by weight of at least one lipophilic gelling agent, relative to the total weight of the material; - 10% to 50% by weight of fillers, relative to the total weight of the material; and - 40% to 85% by weight of at least one fatty phase comprising at least one oil chosen from hydrocarbon-based oils, Guerbet alcohols, esters of a C 8 -C 30 fatty acid and of a Guerbet alcohol, fatty alcohol ethers comprising from 6 to 20 carbon atoms, and linear C 7 -C 17 alkanes, and mixtures thereof, relative to the total weight of the material, the lipophilic gelling agent(s) of the anhydrous composite material being chosen from C 8 -C30 fatty acid esters of dextrin and triesters of a C 8 -C 30 fatty acid and of mono- or polyglycerol; the filler(s) of the anhydrous composite material being chosen from spherical cellulose particles, powders of an N-acylamino acid bearing a C 8 -C 22 acyl group, and polyamide particles, porous spherical silica particles and mixtures thereof; said anhydrous composite material being present in particulate form in the aqueous phase; and the term "anhydrous" refering to a composite material comprising a content of less than or equal to 1% by weight, and preferably less than or equal to 0.5% by weight of water relative to the total weight of said anhydrous composite material, or is even free of water, the amount of fatty phase in the anhydrous composite material not comprising the content of lipophilic gelling agent(s) included in this same material. - a hydrophilic gelling agent; and - a dispersion of at least one anhydrous composite material formed from at least: - 3% to 15% by weight of at least one lipophilic gelling agent, relative to the total weight of the material; - 10% to 50% by weight of fillers, relative to the total weight of the material; and - 40% to 85% by weight of at least one fatty phase comprising at least one oil chosen from hydrocarbon-based oils, Guerbet alcohols, esters of a C 8 -C 30 fatty acid and of a Guerbet alcohol, fatty alcohol ethers comprising from 6 to 20 carbon atoms, and linear C 7 -C 17 alkanes, and mixtures thereof, relative to the total weight of the material, - 3% to 15% by weight of at least one lipophilic gelling agent, relative to the total weight of the material; - 10% to 50% by weight of fillers, relative to the total weight of the material; and - 40% to 85% by weight of at least one fatty phase comprising at least one oil chosen from hydrocarbon-based oils, Guerbet alcohols, esters of a C 8 -C 30 fatty acid and of a Guerbet alcohol, fatty alcohol ethers comprising from 6 to 20 carbon atoms, and linear C 7 -C 17 alkanes, and mixtures thereof, relative to the total weight of the material, the lipophilic gelling agent(s) of the anhydrous composite material being chosen from C 8 -C30 fatty acid esters of dextrin and triesters of a C 8 -C 30 fatty acid and of mono- or polyglycerol; the filler(s) of the anhydrous composite material being chosen from spherical cellulose particles, powders of an N-acylamino acid bearing a C 8 -C 22 acyl group, and polyamide particles, porous spherical silica particles and mixtures thereof; said anhydrous composite material being present in particulate form in the aqueous phase; and the term "anhydrous" refering to a composite material comprising a content of less than or equal to 1% by weight, and preferably less than or equal to 0.5% by weight of water relative to the total weight of said anhydrous composite material, or is even free of water, the amount of fatty phase in the anhydrous composite material not comprising the content of lipophilic gelling agent(s) included in this same material.