Differential inertial measurement device, comprising: - an atom source system, arranged to supply atoms for acceleration measurements; and - at least one atom interferometry and detection system, arranged to provide results of acceleration measurements carried out simultaneously for several separate sets of atoms (11, 12) when said sets of atoms are situated in respective measurement zones apart from one another, each acceleration measurement result being associated with a position of the measurement zone for the set of atoms which has been used for said acceleration measurement, in order to obtain a differential inertial measurement result, characterized in that the atom source system is adapted for producing a cluster of atoms intended to be divided into several sets of atoms, and in that the device further comprises: - at least one atom transport system, which is arranged in order to move at least one of the sets of atoms, after division of the cluster of atoms, so that the sets of atoms are each situated in the corresponding measurement zone after an operation of the atom transport system, so that the atoms which are used for two of the acceleration measurements carried out simultaneously in the measurement zones apart from each other originate from the same cluster of atoms, and form the two separate sets of atoms which are situated in the corresponding measurement zones. said atom transport system being adapted for producing optical lattices each capable of trapping one of the sets of atoms (11, 12), so as to continually impose a position on said set of atoms over an operation duration of the transport system. - an atom source system, arranged to supply atoms for acceleration measurements; and - at least one atom interferometry and detection system, arranged to provide results of acceleration measurements carried out simultaneously for several separate sets of atoms (11, 12) when said sets of atoms are situated in respective measurement zones apart from one another, each acceleration measurement result being associated with a position of the measurement zone for the set of atoms which has been used for said acceleration measurement, in order to obtain a differential inertial measurement result, characterized in that the atom source system is adapted for producing a cluster of atoms intended to be divided into several sets of atoms, and in that the device further comprises: - at least one atom transport system, which is arranged in order to move at least one of the sets of atoms, after division of the cluster of atoms, so that the sets of atoms are each situated in the corresponding measurement zone after an operation of the atom transport system, so that the atoms which are used for two of the acceleration measurements carried out simultaneously in the measurement zones apart from each other originate from the same cluster of atoms, and form the two separate sets of atoms which are situated in the corresponding measurement zones. said atom transport system being adapted for producing optical lattices each capable of trapping one of the sets of atoms (11, 12), so as to continually impose a position on said set of atoms over an operation duration of the transport system.