Method for coding at least one image (IC j) subdivided into blocks, implementing, for a current block (B u) to be coded, the steps of: - predicting the current block in accordance with a prediction mode selected from among a plurality of predetermined prediction modes (MP 0, MP 1,..., MP v,..., MP Q), - obtaining a predictor block (BP opt), - determining a block of residual data (BR u) representative of the difference between the predictor block obtained and the current block, said residual data being likely to have an amplitude and a sign, - calculating a transformed block (Bt u) by transformation of the block of residual data, - calculating a block of NxN quantized coefficients (Bq u) by quantising the transformed block, - covering, in a predefined order, the quantized coefficients, after which a one-dimensional vector of N 2 coefficients (ε 0, ε 1,..., ε i,..., ε N 2 -1) is obtained, - entropically coding the amplitude information associated with each of said coefficients, - scanning the N 2 coefficients in a predetermined order, - selecting, in said predetermined order, K first coefficients assigned a non-zero amplitude and a sign, in which K is a predetermined value such that 0≤K≤N 2 -1, - obtaining K predicted values (Sp 1, Sp 2,..., Sp K) of the sign of, respectively, the K first coefficients scanned, - calculating information representative of the difference between said K predicted sign values (Sp 1, SP 2,..., Sp K) and, respectively, the corresponding sign values (S 1,S 2,..., S K) of the K first coefficients scanned, - coding said calculated information, - coding the signs of the coefficients which have not been selected, said coding method being characterized in that the scanning step selects said predetermined order as a function of said selected prediction mode. - predicting the current block in accordance with a prediction mode selected from among a plurality of predetermined prediction modes (MP 0, MP 1,..., MP v,..., MP Q), - obtaining a predictor block (BP opt), - determining a block of residual data (BR u) representative of the difference between the predictor block obtained and the current block, said residual data being likely to have an amplitude and a sign, - calculating a transformed block (Bt u) by transformation of the block of residual data, - calculating a block of NxN quantized coefficients (Bq u) by quantising the transformed block, - covering, in a predefined order, the quantized coefficients, after which a one-dimensional vector of N 2 coefficients (ε 0, ε 1,..., ε i,..., ε N 2 -1) is obtained, - entropically coding the amplitude information associated with each of said coefficients, - scanning the N 2 coefficients in a predetermined order, - selecting, in said predetermined order, K first coefficients assigned a non-zero amplitude and a sign, in which K is a predetermined value such that 0≤K≤N 2 -1, - obtaining K predicted values (Sp 1, Sp 2,..., Sp K) of the sign of, respectively, the K first coefficients scanned, - calculating information representative of the difference between said K predicted sign values (Sp 1, SP 2,..., Sp K) and, respectively, the corresponding sign values (S 1,S 2,..., S K) of the K first coefficients scanned, - coding said calculated information, - coding the signs of the coefficients which have not been selected,