A track rail maintenance system for performing maintenance work for a track rail using a maintenance vehicle and plural positioning satellites, the track rail maintenance system including the plural positioning satellites and the maintenance vehicle, the maintenance vehicle including: positioning signal receiving means for receiving positioning signals transmitted from the plural positioning satellites; a track shape/structure database for storing data concerning track shapes of the track rail, structures present along the track rail, and the like; a control device; and an interface configured to connect the control device and the positioning signal receiving means, the control device including positioning data acquiring means for decoding the positioning signals to acquire positioning data, characterized in that the maintenance vehicle further includes: a range finder configured to detect rotation of a predetermined axle attached to the maintenance vehicle; a sequencer configured to send data measured by the range finder to the control device; an inspection system configured to perform inspection of the track rail; a monitor configured to display data from the range finder and data from the inspection system; and a sound unit configured to issue a warning by sound, the control device further including: position data acquiring means for acquiring position data of the maintenance vehicle on the basis of rotation of the predetermined axle attached to the maintenance vehicle detected by the range finder; comparing and judging means for comparing the positioning data and the position data at a start point of maintenance work set on the basis of the track shape/structure database and judging whether a difference between the positioning data and the position data is within a predetermined threshold set in advance, and wherein the maintenance vehicle is adapted to correct the position data when the difference between the positioning data and the position data is not within the predetermined threshold as a result of the comparing and judging means, wherein the data concerning track shapes of the track rail in the track shape/structure database includes types of a straight line and curves, and data of reference points concerning start points, end points, and joint points in case the track shape is a curve. a range finder configured to detect rotation of a predetermined axle attached to the maintenance vehicle; a sequencer configured to send data measured by the range finder to the control device; an inspection system configured to perform inspection of the track rail; a monitor configured to display data from the range finder and data from the inspection system; and a sound unit configured to issue a warning by sound, position data acquiring means for acquiring position data of the maintenance vehicle on the basis of rotation of the predetermined axle attached to the maintenance vehicle detected by the range finder; comparing and judging means for comparing the positioning data and the position data at a start point of maintenance work set on the basis of the track shape/structure database and judging whether a difference between the positioning data and the position data is within a predetermined threshold set in advance, and wherein the maintenance vehicle is adapted to correct the position data when the difference between the positioning data and the position data is not within the predetermined threshold as a result of the comparing and judging means, wherein the data concerning track shapes of the track rail in the track shape/structure database includes types of a straight line and curves, and data of reference points concerning start points, end points, and joint points in case the track shape is a curve.