An X-ray product quality automatic inspection device, comprising: a distributed X-ray source having a plurality of targets, wherein the distributed X-ray source is able to generate X-rays for irradiating an inspected product from the plurality of targets in a predetermined sequence; a detector for receiving the X-rays generated by the distributed X-ray source and outputting a signal representing characteristics of the received X-rays; a transport device for carrying the inspected product to pass through an X-ray radiation region; characterized in that it further comprises: a power supply and control device, which is used to supply power to and control the X-ray product quality automatic inspection device, and to form characteristic information of the inspected product according to the signal from the detector, wherein the power supply and control device comprises a characteristic analyzing module which automatically provides an inspection and analysis result of the inspected product by comparison and analysis according to the characteristic information, and a sorting device, which is located downstream of the distributed X-ray source and the detector in a moving direction of the inspected product, and is used to sort the inspected product according to the signal from the detector or the inspection and analysis result from the power supply and control device under the control of the power supply and control device, wherein the plurality of targets of the distributed X-ray source are arranged in a spiral shape along the moving direction of the inspected product. a distributed X-ray source having a plurality of targets, wherein the distributed X-ray source is able to generate X-rays for irradiating an inspected product from the plurality of targets in a predetermined sequence; a detector for receiving the X-rays generated by the distributed X-ray source and outputting a signal representing characteristics of the received X-rays; a transport device for carrying the inspected product to pass through an X-ray radiation region; characterized in that it further comprises: a power supply and control device, which is used to supply power to and control the X-ray product quality automatic inspection device, and to form characteristic information of the inspected product according to the signal from the detector, wherein the power supply and control device comprises a characteristic analyzing module which automatically provides an inspection and analysis result of the inspected product by comparison and analysis according to the characteristic information, and a sorting device, which is located downstream of the distributed X-ray source and the detector in a moving direction of the inspected product, and is used to sort the inspected product according to the signal from the detector or the inspection and analysis result from the power supply and control device under the control of the power supply and control device, wherein the plurality of targets of the distributed X-ray source are arranged in a spiral shape along the moving direction of the inspected product. a power supply and control device, which is used to supply power to and control the X-ray product quality automatic inspection device, and to form characteristic information of the inspected product according to the signal from the detector, wherein the power supply and control device comprises a characteristic analyzing module which automatically provides an inspection and analysis result of the inspected product by comparison and analysis according to the characteristic information, and a sorting device, which is located downstream of the distributed X-ray source and the detector in a moving direction of the inspected product, and is used to sort the inspected product according to the signal from the detector or the inspection and analysis result from the power supply and control device under the control of the power supply and control device, wherein the plurality of targets of the distributed X-ray source are arranged in a spiral shape along the moving direction of the inspected product.