A method for calibration of an MR-DTI sequence for an MRI scanner, comprising the steps of: - providing an anisotropic diffusion model phantom having a diffusion tensor with known predetermined values in an interaction area of an RF coil in a volume of the MRI scanner to be examined, - wherein the anisotropic diffusion model phantom comprises a substance that contains hydrogen nuclei and is arranged such that diffusion of the substance that contains hydrogen nuclei is significantly restricted along an alignment axis for a specified temperature with respect to a specified range of diffusion times, - rotating the anisotropic diffusion model phantom by at least six sets of Euler angles (α L,β L. γ L) resulting in at least six distinct rotated positions, so that after each rotation the determinant det(D M) for a matrix having columns corresponding to the components of the diffusion tensor D for the distinct set of Euler angles, is different from zero, wherein the matrix is defined as: D M = D 11 D 12 D 13 D 14 D 15 D 16 D 21 D 22 D 23 D 24 D 25 D 26 D 31 D 32 D 33 D 24 D 35 D 36 D 41 D 42 D 43 D 44 D 45 D 46 D 51 D 52 D 53 D 54 D 55 D 56 D 61 D 62 D 63 D 64 D 65 D 66, wherein for D ij: - i determines successive components of the diffusion tensor: xx, yy, zz, xy, xz, yz; - j is in the range from 1 to 6 and determines successive sets of Euler angles; - and measuring, for each rotated position of the anisotropic diffusion phantom, for each voxel of the volume of the MRI scanner to be examined, an MR image intensity for no diffusion gradient applied and an MR image intensity for each of at least six distinct non-collinear directions of diffusion gradient, - on the basis of the measured MR image intensities and the known values of the diffusion tensor, determining a symmetrical "b" matrix for each of at least six distinct non-collinear directions of diffusion gradient for each voxel of the volume of the MRI scanner using the equation ln A b A 0 = − ∑ i = 1 3 ∑ j = 1 3 b i j D i j, wherein: - A(b) represents the MR image intensity for a given direction of diffusion gradient, - A represents the MR image intensity for no diffusion gradient applied, - b represents the symmetrical "b" matrix, - D represents the diffusion tensor, - i, j represent directions of diffusion gradients, - for each voxel of a subject to be studied, providing the set of at least six symmetrical "b" matrices to be used for determining diffusion tensor in subsequent MR-DTI experiments using the calibrated MR-DTI sequence for the MRI scanner. - providing an anisotropic diffusion model phantom having a diffusion tensor with known predetermined values in an interaction area of an RF coil in a volume of the MRI scanner to be examined, - wherein the anisotropic diffusion model phantom comprises a substance that contains hydrogen nuclei and is arranged such that diffusion of the substance that contains hydrogen nuclei is significantly restricted along an alignment axis for a specified temperature with respect to a specified range of diffusion times, - rotating the anisotropic diffusion model phantom by at least six sets of Euler angles (α L,β L. γ L) resulting in at least six distinct rotated positions, so that after each rotation the determinant det(D M) for a matrix having columns corresponding to the components of the diffusion tensor D for the distinct set of Euler angles, is different from zero, wherein the matrix is defined as: D M = D 11 D 12 D 13 D 14 D 15 D 16 D 21 D 22 D 23 D 24 D 25 D 26 D 31 D 32 D 33 D 24 D 35 D 36 D 41 D 42 D 43 D 44 D 45 D 46 D 51 D 52 D 53 D 54 D 55 D 56 D 61 D 62 D 63 D 64 D 65 D 66, wherein for D ij: - i determines successive components of the diffusion tensor: xx, yy, zz, xy, xz, yz; - j is in the range from 1 to 6 and determines successive sets of Euler angles; - i determines successive components of the diffusion tensor: xx, yy, zz, xy, xz, yz; - j is in the range from 1 to 6 and determines successive sets of Euler angles; - and measuring, for each rotated position of the anisotropic diffusion phantom, for each voxel of the volume of the MRI scanner to be examined, an MR image intensity for no diffusion gradient applied and an MR image intensity for each of at least six distinct non-collinear directions of diffusion gradient, - on the basis of the measured MR image intensities and the known values of the diffusion tensor, determining a symmetrical "b" matrix for each of at least six distinct non-collinear directions of diffusion gradient for each voxel of the volume of the MRI scanner using the equation ln A b A 0 = − ∑ i = 1 3 ∑ j = 1 3 b i j D i j, wherein: - A(b) represents the MR image intensity for a given direction of diffusion gradient, - A represents the MR image intensity for no diffusion gradient applied, - b represents the symmetrical "b" matrix, - D represents the diffusion tensor, - i, j represent directions of diffusion gradients, - A(b) represents the MR image intensity for a given direction of diffusion gradient, - A represents the MR image intensity for no diffusion gradient applied, - b represents the symmetrical "b" matrix, - D represents the diffusion tensor, - i, j represent directions of diffusion gradients, - for each voxel of a subject to be studied, providing the set of at least six symmetrical "b" matrices to be used for determining diffusion tensor in subsequent MR-DTI experiments using the calibrated MR-DTI sequence for the MRI scanner.