A continuity test circuit for a boundary pad, comprising: a pull-up transistor electrically connected between the boundary pad and a first power supply; a pull-down transistor electrically connected between the boundary pad and a first reference ground potential; a normal output conductor adapted to transmit an electrical state to a core circuitry and electrically connected to have a same electrical state as the boundary pad during normal operation; a continuity test output conductor electrically connected to have a same electrical state as the boundary pad during continuity test operation; and continuity testing control circuitry (211, 213, 215, 219) defined to control the pull-up transistor, the pull-down transistor, and the normal output conductor during continuity test operation such that an electrical state present on the continuity test output conductor indicates a status of electrical continuity between the boundary pad and either a second power supply or a second reference ground potential to which the boundary pad should be electrically connected, wherein the continuity testing control circuitry includes a pull-up control multiplexer defined to control a gate of the pull-up transistor in accordance with an operation control signal, wherein the continuity testing control circuitry includes a pull-down control multiplexer defined to control a gate of the pull-down transistor in accordance with the operation control signal, wherein the continuity testing control circuitry includes an output control multiplexer defined to persist a normal operation output signal to the normal output conductor in accordance with the operation control signal, wherein the output control multiplexer is defined to have a first input connected to receive the electrical state present at the boundary pad and a second input connected to receive an output override signal, and wherein an output of the output control multiplexer is electrically connected to the normal output conductor, such that when the operation control signal indicates normal operation mode the electrical state present at the boundary pad is transmitted by the output control multiplexer to the normal output conductor, and such that when the operation control signal indicates continuity test operation mode the output override signal is transmitted by the output control multiplexer to the normal output conductor. a pull-up transistor electrically connected between the boundary pad and a first power supply; a pull-down transistor electrically connected between the boundary pad and a first reference ground potential; a normal output conductor adapted to transmit an electrical state to a core circuitry and electrically connected to have a same electrical state as the boundary pad during normal operation; a continuity test output conductor electrically connected to have a same electrical state as the boundary pad during continuity test operation; and continuity testing control circuitry (211, 213, 215, 219) defined to control the pull-up transistor, the pull-down transistor, and the normal output conductor during continuity test operation such that an electrical state present on the continuity test output conductor indicates a status of electrical continuity between the boundary pad and either a second power supply or a second reference ground potential to which the boundary pad should be electrically connected, wherein the continuity testing control circuitry includes a pull-up control multiplexer defined to control a gate of the pull-up transistor in accordance with an operation control signal, wherein the continuity testing control circuitry includes a pull-down control multiplexer defined to control a gate of the pull-down transistor in accordance with the operation control signal, wherein the continuity testing control circuitry includes an output control multiplexer defined to persist a normal operation output signal to the normal output conductor in accordance with the operation control signal, wherein the output control multiplexer is defined to have a first input connected to receive the electrical state present at the boundary pad and a second input connected to receive an output override signal, and wherein an output of the output control multiplexer is electrically connected to the normal output conductor, such that when the operation control signal indicates normal operation mode the electrical state present at the boundary pad is transmitted by the output control multiplexer to the normal output conductor, and such that when the operation control signal indicates continuity test operation mode the output override signal is transmitted by the output control multiplexer to the normal output conductor.