A detection apparatus comprising: a sampling device for collecting a sample to be detected; a sample pre-processing device (200, 300) configured to pre-process the sample from the sampling device; and a sample analyzing device for separating the sample pre-processed by the sample pre-processing device and analyzing the separated sample; characterised in that: the sampling device comprises a chamber body having a sample inlet that is at a first end of the chamber body and is for suction of the sample and a sample outlet that is adjacent to a second end, opposite to the first end, of the chamber body and is for discharge of the sample; and, the chamber body further comprises an air inflation opening (106, 107) configured to induct a flow of air into the chamber body, and an air exhaust opening configured to discharge the air and to, together with the air inflation opening in the chamber body, form a tornado type air flow moving spirally from the first end to the second end of the chamber body, wherein, a section of the chamber body has an inner wall with a truncated conical shape, the truncated conical shaped inner wall having a smaller-diameter round end being adjacent to the sample inlet and a larger-diameter round end towards the sample outlet of the chamber body, wherein, the air inflation opening is configured such that an axially air induction direction of the air inflation opening is tangent with an inner surface of the inner wall of the chamber body but is inclined towards a side of the sample outlet. a sampling device for collecting a sample to be detected; a sample pre-processing device (200, 300) configured to pre-process the sample from the sampling device; and a sample analyzing device for separating the sample pre-processed by the sample pre-processing device and analyzing the separated sample; characterised in that: the sampling device comprises a chamber body having a sample inlet that is at a first end of the chamber body and is for suction of the sample and a sample outlet that is adjacent to a second end, opposite to the first end, of the chamber body and is for discharge of the sample; and, the chamber body further comprises an air inflation opening (106, 107) configured to induct a flow of air into the chamber body, and an air exhaust opening configured to discharge the air and to, together with the air inflation opening in the chamber body, form a tornado type air flow moving spirally from the first end to the second end of the chamber body, wherein, a section of the chamber body has an inner wall with a truncated conical shape, the truncated conical shaped inner wall having a smaller-diameter round end being adjacent to the sample inlet and a larger-diameter round end towards the sample outlet of the chamber body, wherein, the air inflation opening is configured such that an axially air induction direction of the air inflation opening is tangent with an inner surface of the inner wall of the chamber body but is inclined towards a side of the sample outlet. the sampling device comprises a chamber body having a sample inlet that is at a first end of the chamber body and is for suction of the sample and a sample outlet that is adjacent to a second end, opposite to the first end, of the chamber body and is for discharge of the sample; and, the chamber body further comprises an air inflation opening (106, 107) configured to induct a flow of air into the chamber body, and an air exhaust opening configured to discharge the air and to, together with the air inflation opening in the chamber body, form a tornado type air flow moving spirally from the first end to the second end of the chamber body, wherein, a section of the chamber body has an inner wall with a truncated conical shape, the truncated conical shaped inner wall having a smaller-diameter round end being adjacent to the sample inlet and a larger-diameter round end towards the sample outlet of the chamber body, wherein, the air inflation opening is configured such that an axially air induction direction of the air inflation opening is tangent with an inner surface of the inner wall of the chamber body but is inclined towards a side of the sample outlet.