A micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) optical accelerometer, comprising: a housing comprising an internal chamber that includes: a Fabry-Perot cavity, wherein the Fabry-Perot cavity includes a proof mass affixed to the housing via one or more elastic elements; and a temperature cavity; a light source configured to emit electromagnetic radiation into the Fabry-Perot cavity; a first detector configured to receive electromagnetic radiation transmitted through or reflected from the Fabry-Perot cavity from the light source and configured to generate one or more signals that indicate a position of the proof mass; an atomic wavelength reference in optical communication with the light source; a second detector configured to detect electromagnetic radiation transmitted through the atomic wavelength reference and configured to generate one or more signals that indicate a wavelength of the electromagnetic radiation emitted by the light source; and a first servomechanism electrically coupled to the second photo detector and the light source, wherein the servomechanism is configured to adjust the light source to maintain the electromagnetic radiation emitted by the light source at approximately a selected wavelength; a third detector configured to detect electromagnetic radiation transmitted through the temperature cavity from the light source and configured to generate one or more signals that indicate a temperature of the internal chamber; one or more heating elements in thermal contact with the housing; and a second servomechanism configured to receive the one or more signals that indicate the temperature of the internal chamber and configured to control the one or more heating elements to maintain the internal chamber at approximately a selected temperature. a housing comprising an internal chamber that includes: a Fabry-Perot cavity, wherein the Fabry-Perot cavity includes a proof mass affixed to the housing via one or more elastic elements; and a temperature cavity; a Fabry-Perot cavity, wherein the Fabry-Perot cavity includes a proof mass affixed to the housing via one or more elastic elements; and a temperature cavity; a light source configured to emit electromagnetic radiation into the Fabry-Perot cavity; a first detector configured to receive electromagnetic radiation transmitted through or reflected from the Fabry-Perot cavity from the light source and configured to generate one or more signals that indicate a position of the proof mass; an atomic wavelength reference in optical communication with the light source; a second detector configured to detect electromagnetic radiation transmitted through the atomic wavelength reference and configured to generate one or more signals that indicate a wavelength of the electromagnetic radiation emitted by the light source; and a first servomechanism electrically coupled to the second photo detector and the light source, wherein the servomechanism is configured to adjust the light source to maintain the electromagnetic radiation emitted by the light source at approximately a selected wavelength; a third detector configured to detect electromagnetic radiation transmitted through the temperature cavity from the light source and configured to generate one or more signals that indicate a temperature of the internal chamber; one or more heating elements in thermal contact with the housing; and a second servomechanism configured to receive the one or more signals that indicate the temperature of the internal chamber and configured to control the one or more heating elements to maintain the internal chamber at approximately a selected temperature.