A method for encoding acknowledgement information, comprising: receiving at least one component carrier, wherein each component carrier in the at least one component carrier comprises at least one downlink subframe; generating acknowledgement information bits corresponding to the each component carrier according to the each component carrier; ordering the acknowledgement information bits corresponding to the each component carrier according to a maximum value DAI_max of a downlink assignment index, DAI, field in downlink control information, DCI, which is received on the each component carrier and used for controlling physical downlink shared channel, PDSCH, transmission or indicating downlink semi-persistent scheduling, SPS, release and the number N_sps of physical downlink shared channels, PDSCHs, scheduled by semi-persistent scheduling, SPS, in the at least one downlink subframe; alternately assigning the ordered acknowledgement information bits corresponding to the each component carrier to two groups, and obtaining two groups of acknowledgement information bits; and encoding the two divided groups of acknowledgement information bits to obtain two groups of codeword bits, respectively, and generating, from the two groups of codeword bits obtained by the encoding, total codeword bits to be transmitted wherein the ordering the acknowledgement information bits corresponding to the each component carrier according to the DAI_max and the N_sps comprises: placing acknowledgement information bits corresponding to N_sps PDSCHs scheduled by semi-persistent scheduling into last N_sps×a bit positions; placing acknowledgement information bits corresponding to downlink subframes corresponding to DCI of DAI=1 to DAI=DAI_max into first DAI_max×a bit positions; and setting the remaining (D×a-(DAI_max+N_sps)×a) acknowledgement information bits to '0'; wherein the a is a bit number of acknowledgement information bits corresponding to each of the downlink subframes and the D is a number of downlink subframes for which the acknowledgement information bits need to be generated. receiving at least one component carrier, wherein each component carrier in the at least one component carrier comprises at least one downlink subframe; generating acknowledgement information bits corresponding to the each component carrier according to the each component carrier; ordering the acknowledgement information bits corresponding to the each component carrier according to a maximum value DAI_max of a downlink assignment index, DAI, field in downlink control information, DCI, which is received on the each component carrier and used for controlling physical downlink shared channel, PDSCH, transmission or indicating downlink semi-persistent scheduling, SPS, release and the number N_sps of physical downlink shared channels, PDSCHs, scheduled by semi-persistent scheduling, SPS, in the at least one downlink subframe; alternately assigning the ordered acknowledgement information bits corresponding to the each component carrier to two groups, and obtaining two groups of acknowledgement information bits; and encoding the two divided groups of acknowledgement information bits to obtain two groups of codeword bits, respectively, and generating, from the two groups of codeword bits obtained by the encoding, total codeword bits to be transmitted wherein the ordering the acknowledgement information bits corresponding to the each component carrier according to the DAI_max and the N_sps comprises: placing acknowledgement information bits corresponding to N_sps PDSCHs scheduled by semi-persistent scheduling into last N_sps×a bit positions; placing acknowledgement information bits corresponding to downlink subframes corresponding to DCI of DAI=1 to DAI=DAI_max into first DAI_max×a bit positions; and setting the remaining (D×a-(DAI_max+N_sps)×a) acknowledgement information bits to '0'; wherein the a is a bit number of acknowledgement information bits corresponding to each of the downlink subframes and the D is a number of downlink subframes for which the acknowledgement information bits need to be generated. placing acknowledgement information bits corresponding to N_sps PDSCHs scheduled by semi-persistent scheduling into last N_sps×a bit positions; placing acknowledgement information bits corresponding to downlink subframes corresponding to DCI of DAI=1 to DAI=DAI_max into first DAI_max×a bit positions; and setting the remaining (D×a-(DAI_max+N_sps)×a) acknowledgement information bits to '0'; wherein the a is a bit number of acknowledgement information bits corresponding to each of the downlink subframes and the D is a number of downlink subframes for which the acknowledgement information bits need to be generated.