A data stream scheduling method, comprising: receiving, by a data stream scheduling entity in a network, a data packet that is currently transmitted and obtaining data stream information of a data stream where the data packet is located; determining, by the data stream scheduling entity, a type of the data stream according to the data stream information, wherein the type of the data stream comprises a specific data stream and a common data stream, the specific data stream is a data stream on which special scheduling needs to be executed to ensure the quality of service, and the common data stream is a data stream on which special scheduling does not need to be executed, and the data stream information comprises a priority of a quality of network service of a user to which the data stream belongs and/or a priority of network security of the user to which the data stream belongs and at least one of: the cumulative number of data packets that have already been transmitted of the data stream, the total cumulative traffic that have already been transmitted of the data stream, and a priority of an application or a service to which the data stream belongs; and when the data stream is a specific data stream, sending policy request information, by the data stream scheduling entity, to a centralized control device (1000, 1101) in the network so as to request for an optimized forwarding policy, receiving, by the centralized control device (1000, 1101), the policy request information, and determining an optimized forwarding policy according to the policy request information, and sending the determined optimized forwarding policy to a network switching device (1001, 900) of the network, and forwarding the data stream by the data stream scheduling entity to the network switching device (1001, 900), wherein the network switching device (1001, 900) further forwards the data stream according to the optimized forwarding policy; and when the data stream is a common data stream, forwarding the common data stream, by the data stream scheduling entity, to the network switching device (1001, 900). receiving, by a data stream scheduling entity in a network, a data packet that is currently transmitted and obtaining data stream information of a data stream where the data packet is located; determining, by the data stream scheduling entity, a type of the data stream according to the data stream information, wherein the type of the data stream comprises a specific data stream and a common data stream, the specific data stream is a data stream on which special scheduling needs to be executed to ensure the quality of service, and the common data stream is a data stream on which special scheduling does not need to be executed, and the data stream information comprises a priority of a quality of network service of a user to which the data stream belongs and/or a priority of network security of the user to which the data stream belongs and at least one of: the cumulative number of data packets that have already been transmitted of the data stream, the total cumulative traffic that have already been transmitted of the data stream, and a priority of an application or a service to which the data stream belongs; and when the data stream is a specific data stream, sending policy request information, by the data stream scheduling entity, to a centralized control device (1000, 1101) in the network so as to request for an optimized forwarding policy, receiving, by the centralized control device (1000, 1101), the policy request information, and determining an optimized forwarding policy according to the policy request information, and sending the determined optimized forwarding policy to a network switching device (1001, 900) of the network, and forwarding the data stream by the data stream scheduling entity to the network switching device (1001, 900), wherein the network switching device (1001, 900) further forwards the data stream according to the optimized forwarding policy; and when the data stream is a common data stream, forwarding the common data stream, by the data stream scheduling entity, to the network switching device (1001, 900).