A method for fabricating a multifunctional composite panel (100, 200, 302) configured to utilize solar energy and to provide structural support, the method comprising: forming a plurality of structural layers (102, 104, 106, 108, 110, 120, 310), wherein forming the plurality of structural layers (102, 104, 106, 108, 110, 120, 310) comprises forming alternating layers (102, 104, 106, 108, 110) of a conductive organic material and an inorganic material, wherein forming the alternating layers (102, 104, 106, 108, 110) comprises: forming a first layer from the conductive organic material; and forming a second layer adjacent the first layer from the inorganic material; forming a third layer adjacent the second layer from the conductive organic material; and forming a fourth layer adjacent the third layer from the inorganic material; forming a fifth layer adjacent the fourth layer from the conductive organic material; and forming a plurality of photovoltaic layers (112, 114, 116, 118, 122) adjacent the plurality of structural layers (102, 104, 106, 108, 110, 120, 310), wherein forming the plurality of photovoltaic layers (112, 114, 116, 118, 122) adjacent the plurality of structural layers (102, 104, 106, 108, 110, 120, 310) comprises: forming a sixth layer adjacent the fifth layer, wherein the sixth layer comprises aluminum oxide, graphene, or any combination thereof; forming a seventh layer adjacent the sixth layer, wherein the seventh layer comprises a conductive material; forming a eighth layer adjacent the seventh layer, wherein the eighth layer comprises one or more conductive polymers; and forming a ninth layer adjacent to the eighth layer, wherein the ninth layer comprises graphene, indium tin oxide, or any combination thereof; wherein the seventh layer and the ninth layer of the photovoltaic layers (112, 114, 116, 118, 122) of the multifunctional composite panel (100, 200, 302) are transparent conductive layers; wherein the seventh layer and the ninth layer serve as electrodes for the photovoltaic layers (112, 114, 116, 118, 122) of the multifunctional composite panel (100, 200, 302); wherein the eighth layer is configured to provide a single or multiple junction solar cell; wherein the seventh layer and the ninth layer are interconnected with the eighth layer to carry or flow out electric current converted from light or solar energy; and wherein the multifunctional composite panel (100, 200, 302) has a thickness of from about 1 mm to about 30 mm. forming a first layer from the conductive organic material; and forming a second layer adjacent the first layer from the inorganic material; forming a third layer adjacent the second layer from the conductive organic material; and forming a fourth layer adjacent the third layer from the inorganic material; forming a fifth layer adjacent the fourth layer from the conductive organic material; and forming a plurality of photovoltaic layers (112, 114, 116, 118, 122) adjacent the plurality of structural layers (102, 104, 106, 108, 110, 120, 310), wherein forming the plurality of photovoltaic layers (112, 114, 116, 118, 122) adjacent the plurality of structural layers (102, 104, 106, 108, 110, 120, 310) comprises: forming a sixth layer adjacent the fifth layer, wherein the sixth layer comprises aluminum oxide, graphene, or any combination thereof; forming a seventh layer adjacent the sixth layer, wherein the seventh layer comprises a conductive material; forming a eighth layer adjacent the seventh layer, wherein the eighth layer comprises one or more conductive polymers; and forming a ninth layer adjacent to the eighth layer, wherein the ninth layer comprises graphene, indium tin oxide, or any combination thereof; wherein the seventh layer and the ninth layer of the photovoltaic layers (112, 114, 116, 118, 122) of the multifunctional composite panel (100, 200, 302) are transparent conductive layers; wherein the seventh layer and the ninth layer serve as electrodes for the photovoltaic layers (112, 114, 116, 118, 122) of the multifunctional composite panel (100, 200, 302); wherein the eighth layer is configured to provide a single or multiple junction solar cell; wherein the seventh layer and the ninth layer are interconnected with the eighth layer to carry or flow out electric current converted from light or solar energy; and wherein the multifunctional composite panel (100, 200, 302) has a thickness of from about 1 mm to about 30 mm. forming a sixth layer adjacent the fifth layer, wherein the sixth layer comprises aluminum oxide, graphene, or any combination thereof; forming a seventh layer adjacent the sixth layer, wherein the seventh layer comprises a conductive material; forming a eighth layer adjacent the seventh layer, wherein the eighth layer comprises one or more conductive polymers; and forming a ninth layer adjacent to the eighth layer, wherein the ninth layer comprises graphene, indium tin oxide, or any combination thereof; wherein the seventh layer and the ninth layer of the photovoltaic layers (112, 114, 116, 118, 122) of the multifunctional composite panel (100, 200, 302) are transparent conductive layers; wherein the seventh layer and the ninth layer serve as electrodes for the photovoltaic layers (112, 114, 116, 118, 122) of the multifunctional composite panel (100, 200, 302); wherein the eighth layer is configured to provide a single or multiple junction solar cell; wherein the seventh layer and the ninth layer are interconnected with the eighth layer to carry or flow out electric current converted from light or solar energy; and wherein the multifunctional composite panel (100, 200, 302) has a thickness of from about 1 mm to about 30 mm.