A method for capturing a high dynamic range image, comprising: detecting (110; 410) a brightness distribution type of a raw image captured after a central region of a field of view of an imaging system is exposed at an initial position; controlling (120; 440) an image sensor of the imaging system to move to one or more reference positions along a positive direction and/or a negative direction of a vertical direction based on a preset movement distance when the brightness distribution type of the raw image is a horizontal distribution, or along a positive direction and/or a negative direction of a horizontal direction based on the preset movement distance when the brightness distribution type of the raw image is a vertical distribution, and capturing one or more reference images after the central region is exposed at the one or more reference positions; and obtaining (130; 450) the high dynamic range image by compositing the one or more reference images and the raw image; characterized in that detecting (110; 410) the brightness distribution type of the raw image comprises: determining that the brightness distribution type of the raw image is a horizontal distribution in response to detecting a first difference between a pixel brightness of an upper half of the raw image and a pixel brightness of a lower half of the raw image is significant; and detecting that the brightness distribution type of the raw image is a vertical distribution in response to detecting that a second difference between a pixel brightness of a left half of the raw image and a pixel brightness of a right half of the raw image is significant and in response to detecting that the pixel brightness of the upper half is relatively identical to the pixel brightness of the lower half. detecting (110; 410) a brightness distribution type of a raw image captured after a central region of a field of view of an imaging system is exposed at an initial position; controlling (120; 440) an image sensor of the imaging system to move to one or more reference positions along a positive direction and/or a negative direction of a vertical direction based on a preset movement distance when the brightness distribution type of the raw image is a horizontal distribution, or along a positive direction and/or a negative direction of a horizontal direction based on the preset movement distance when the brightness distribution type of the raw image is a vertical distribution, and capturing one or more reference images after the central region is exposed at the one or more reference positions; and obtaining (130; 450) the high dynamic range image by compositing the one or more reference images and the raw image; characterized in that detecting (110; 410) the brightness distribution type of the raw image comprises: determining that the brightness distribution type of the raw image is a horizontal distribution in response to detecting a first difference between a pixel brightness of an upper half of the raw image and a pixel brightness of a lower half of the raw image is significant; and detecting that the brightness distribution type of the raw image is a vertical distribution in response to detecting that a second difference between a pixel brightness of a left half of the raw image and a pixel brightness of a right half of the raw image is significant and in response to detecting that the pixel brightness of the upper half is relatively identical to the pixel brightness of the lower half.