An ultrasonic atomizer comprising: an ultrasonic vibration generating unit which generates ultrasonic waves and atomizes a spray material; a nozzle unit which includes a spray flow path in which the spray material moves along a central axis that penetrates a center of the ultrasonic vibration generating unit, and includes a nozzle tip which is supplied with the spray material from one end of the spray flow path, and sprays the spray material from the other end of the spray flow path; a heat exchange unit which surrounds the ultrasonic vibration generating unit and cools heat generated from the ultrasonic vibration generating unit; and a housing which surrounds the ultrasonic vibration generating unit and the heat exchange unit, and has a plurality of heat exchange chambers therein, wherein the plurality of heat exchange chambers include: a vortex chamber which is positioned in the housing at the periphery of the ultrasonic vibration generating unit, and guides a vortex flow; and a thermal insulation chamber which surrounds the vortex chamber, and has a separation wall which abuts the vortex chamber, and includes an internal thermal insulation space, the heat exchange unit includes a cooling portion which cools the outside of the ultrasonic vibration generating unit; characterized in that the cooling portion includes a vortex flow forming unit which has one end exposed to the outside of the housing and the other end positioned in the vortex chamber in the housing, and a cooling tube which guides spray of the cooling air into the ultrasonic vibration generating unit. an ultrasonic vibration generating unit which generates ultrasonic waves and atomizes a spray material; a nozzle unit which includes a spray flow path in which the spray material moves along a central axis that penetrates a center of the ultrasonic vibration generating unit, and includes a nozzle tip which is supplied with the spray material from one end of the spray flow path, and sprays the spray material from the other end of the spray flow path; a heat exchange unit which surrounds the ultrasonic vibration generating unit and cools heat generated from the ultrasonic vibration generating unit; and a housing which surrounds the ultrasonic vibration generating unit and the heat exchange unit, and has a plurality of heat exchange chambers therein, wherein the plurality of heat exchange chambers include: a vortex chamber which is positioned in the housing at the periphery of the ultrasonic vibration generating unit, and guides a vortex flow; and a thermal insulation chamber which surrounds the vortex chamber, and has a separation wall which abuts the vortex chamber, and includes an internal thermal insulation space, the heat exchange unit includes a cooling portion which cools the outside of the ultrasonic vibration generating unit; characterized in that the cooling portion includes a vortex flow forming unit which has one end exposed to the outside of the housing and the other end positioned in the vortex chamber in the housing, and a cooling tube which guides spray of the cooling air into the ultrasonic vibration generating unit. a vortex chamber which is positioned in the housing at the periphery of the ultrasonic vibration generating unit, and guides a vortex flow; and a thermal insulation chamber which surrounds the vortex chamber, and has a separation wall which abuts the vortex chamber, and includes an internal thermal insulation space, the heat exchange unit includes a cooling portion which cools the outside of the ultrasonic vibration generating unit; characterized in that the cooling portion includes a vortex flow forming unit which has one end exposed to the outside of the housing and the other end positioned in the vortex chamber in the housing, and a cooling tube which guides spray of the cooling air into the ultrasonic vibration generating unit.