A signal frequency conversion circuit, comprising: a primary-stage frequency conversion module (401, 501, 601) and at least one subsequent-stage frequency conversion module (402, 502, 602) that is in series connection; wherein the primary-stage frequency conversion module (401, 501, 601) comprises a first filter (4011, 5011, 6011) and a numerically controlled oscillator NCO (4012, 5012, 6012), and an output of the first filter (4011, 5011, 6011) is connected to an input of the NCO (4012, 5012, 6012); each subsequent-stage frequency conversion module (402, 502, 602) comprises a second filter (4021, 5021, 6021) and a subsequent-stage frequency conversion unit (4022, 5022, 6022) and an output of the second filter (4021, 5021, 6021) is connected to an input of the subsequent-stage frequency conversion unit (4022, 5022, 6022); and an output of the NCO (4012, 5012, 6012) is connected to an input of a second filter (4021, 5021, 6021) in a first of the at least one subsequent-stage frequency conversion module (402, 502, 602) in series connection, characterized in that the first filter is configured to perform sampling rate conversion processing on the received input signal; the second filter is configured to perform sampling rate conversion processing on a received signal; the NCO (4012, 5012, 6012) is configured to implement signal frequency conversion in a range of 0 to 1/N*Fs, wherein Fs is an input sampling rate of the NCO (4012, 5012, 6012); and the subsequent-stage frequency conversion unit (402, 502, 602) is configured to implement 0 or 1/N*Fd signal frequency conversion, wherein Fd is an input sampling rate of the subsequent-stage frequency conversion unit (402, 502, 602). a primary-stage frequency conversion module (401, 501, 601) and at least one subsequent-stage frequency conversion module (402, 502, 602) that is in series connection; wherein the primary-stage frequency conversion module (401, 501, 601) comprises a first filter (4011, 5011, 6011) and a numerically controlled oscillator NCO (4012, 5012, 6012), and an output of the first filter (4011, 5011, 6011) is connected to an input of the NCO (4012, 5012, 6012); each subsequent-stage frequency conversion module (402, 502, 602) comprises a second filter (4021, 5021, 6021) and a subsequent-stage frequency conversion unit (4022, 5022, 6022) and an output of the second filter (4021, 5021, 6021) is connected to an input of the subsequent-stage frequency conversion unit (4022, 5022, 6022); and an output of the NCO (4012, 5012, 6012) is connected to an input of a second filter (4021, 5021, 6021) in a first of the at least one subsequent-stage frequency conversion module (402, 502, 602) in series connection, characterized in that the first filter is configured to perform sampling rate conversion processing on the received input signal; the second filter is configured to perform sampling rate conversion processing on a received signal; the NCO (4012, 5012, 6012) is configured to implement signal frequency conversion in a range of 0 to 1/N*Fs, wherein Fs is an input sampling rate of the NCO (4012, 5012, 6012); and the subsequent-stage frequency conversion unit (402, 502, 602) is configured to implement 0 or 1/N*Fd signal frequency conversion, wherein Fd is an input sampling rate of the subsequent-stage frequency conversion unit (402, 502, 602).