A robot system comprising: a conveying device that conveys workpieces (w); a plurality of robots (2a, 2b, 2c, 2d) that performs a working operation on the workpieces (w) conveyed by the conveying device; an image capturing device (3a, 3b, 3c, 3d) that is placed at an upper stream side of the conveying device than the plurality of robots (2a, 2b, 2c, 2d) to capture a conveying path of the conveying device; a workpiece detecting device (511, 515, 531) that detects the workpieces (w) on the conveying path on the basis of images captured by the image capturing device (3a, 3b, 3c, 3d); and a control device (5, 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d) that controls operations of the plurality of robots (2a, 2b, 2c, 2d), and the control device (5, 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d) including: an operation instruction unit (513, 517, 532) that generates an operation instruction for performing a holding operation on the workpieces (w) on the basis of a detection result of the workpiece detecting device (511, 515, 531) and transmits the operation instruction to the robots (2a, 2b, 2c, 2d); and an allocating unit (512, 519, 534) that determines which of the plurality of robots (2a, 2b, 2c, 2d) to which the operation instruction unit transmits the operation instruction on the basis of conveying situations of the workpieces (w) obtained from the detection result of the workpiece detecting device (511, 515, 531), characterized in that the image capturing device (3a, 3b, 3c, 3d) captures respective areas (100e-100h) on the conveying path that are adjacent to each other along a conveyance direction of the conveying device, the control device (5a, 5b, 5c, 5d) associates the plurality of robots (2a, 2b, 2c, 2d) with the respective different areas, and the control device (5a, 5b, 5c, 5d) instructs each of the robots (2a, 2b, 2c, 2d) to perform the holding operation on the workpieces (w) located in an area associated with the corresponding robot (2a, 2b, 2c, 2d). a conveying device that conveys workpieces (w); a plurality of robots (2a, 2b, 2c, 2d) that performs a working operation on the workpieces (w) conveyed by the conveying device; an image capturing device (3a, 3b, 3c, 3d) that is placed at an upper stream side of the conveying device than the plurality of robots (2a, 2b, 2c, 2d) to capture a conveying path of the conveying device; a workpiece detecting device (511, 515, 531) that detects the workpieces (w) on the conveying path on the basis of images captured by the image capturing device (3a, 3b, 3c, 3d); and a control device (5, 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d) that controls operations of the plurality of robots (2a, 2b, 2c, 2d), and the control device (5, 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d) including: an operation instruction unit (513, 517, 532) that generates an operation instruction for performing a holding operation on the workpieces (w) on the basis of a detection result of the workpiece detecting device (511, 515, 531) and transmits the operation instruction to the robots (2a, 2b, 2c, 2d); and an allocating unit (512, 519, 534) that determines which of the plurality of robots (2a, 2b, 2c, 2d) to which the operation instruction unit transmits the operation instruction on the basis of conveying situations of the workpieces (w) obtained from the detection result of the workpiece detecting device (511, 515, 531), an operation instruction unit (513, 517, 532) that generates an operation instruction for performing a holding operation on the workpieces (w) on the basis of a detection result of the workpiece detecting device (511, 515, 531) and transmits the operation instruction to the robots (2a, 2b, 2c, 2d); and an allocating unit (512, 519, 534) that determines which of the plurality of robots (2a, 2b, 2c, 2d) to which the operation instruction unit transmits the operation instruction on the basis of conveying situations of the workpieces (w) obtained from the detection result of the workpiece detecting device (511, 515, 531), characterized in that the image capturing device (3a, 3b, 3c, 3d) captures respective areas (100e-100h) on the conveying path that are adjacent to each other along a conveyance direction of the conveying device, the control device (5a, 5b, 5c, 5d) associates the plurality of robots (2a, 2b, 2c, 2d) with the respective different areas, and the control device (5a, 5b, 5c, 5d) instructs each of the robots (2a, 2b, 2c, 2d) to perform the holding operation on the workpieces (w) located in an area associated with the corresponding robot (2a, 2b, 2c, 2d).