A self-position calculating apparatus comprising: a light projector configured to project a patterned light beam including multiple spotlights onto a road surface around a vehicle; an image capturing unit installed in the vehicle, and configured to capture and obtain an image of the road surface around the vehicle covering an area of the projected patterned light beam; an orientation angle calculator configured to calculate an orientation angle and a distance of the vehicle relative to the road surface from a plurality of extracted spotlight positions of the patterned light beam on the image obtained with the image capturing unit, a projecting direction of the light projector, and a distance between the image capturing unit and the light projector; a feature point detector configured to detect a plurality of feature points on the road surface from the image obtained with the image capturing unit; an orientation change amount calculator configured to calculate amounts of changes in a distance and the orientation of the vehicle based on temporal changes in positions of the plurality of feature points on the road surface detected by the feature point detector; and a self-position calculator configured to calculate a current position and a current orientation angle of the vehicle by adding the amount of changes in the distance and the orientation to an initial position and an initial orientation angle of the vehicle relative to the road surface, wherein the initial position and initial orientation angle is calculated by the orientation angle calculator, wherein the area of the projected patterned light beam is divided into a plurality of patterned light beam-projected regions, the light projector selectively projects the patterned light beam onto at least one patterned light beam-projected region where the number of detected feature points is smaller than in the others out of the plurality of patterned light beam-projected regions. a light projector configured to project a patterned light beam including multiple spotlights onto a road surface around a vehicle; an image capturing unit installed in the vehicle, and configured to capture and obtain an image of the road surface around the vehicle covering an area of the projected patterned light beam; an orientation angle calculator configured to calculate an orientation angle and a distance of the vehicle relative to the road surface from a plurality of extracted spotlight positions of the patterned light beam on the image obtained with the image capturing unit, a projecting direction of the light projector, and a distance between the image capturing unit and the light projector; a feature point detector configured to detect a plurality of feature points on the road surface from the image obtained with the image capturing unit; an orientation change amount calculator configured to calculate amounts of changes in a distance and the orientation of the vehicle based on temporal changes in positions of the plurality of feature points on the road surface detected by the feature point detector; and a self-position calculator configured to calculate a current position and a current orientation angle of the vehicle by adding the amount of changes in the distance and the orientation to an initial position and an initial orientation angle of the vehicle relative to the road surface, wherein the initial position and initial orientation angle is calculated by the orientation angle calculator, wherein the area of the projected patterned light beam is divided into a plurality of patterned light beam-projected regions, the light projector selectively projects the patterned light beam onto at least one patterned light beam-projected region where the number of detected feature points is smaller than in the others out of the plurality of patterned light beam-projected regions.