Method for generation of optically synchronized dual-wavelength ultrashort light pulses, comprising a generation and pre-amplification of initial laser radiation, spectral broadening and formation of radiations of two output pulses (6, 18), where - a central wavelength λ 0 of said initial laser radiation is selected from a luminescence band of Yb-doped active media, - a central wavelength of radiation after said pre-amplification coincides with said central wavelength λ 0 of the initial laser radiation, - spectrally broadened radiation has a spectral width Δλ that overlaps stimulated emission peaks of Yb-doped and Nd-doped active media, - radiation of a first output pulse and radiation of a second output pulse are formed from said spectrally broadened radiation by extracting a first portion and a second portion of its spectrum with central wavelengths λ 1, λ 2 and spectral widths Δλ 1, Δλ 2, respectively, while radiation of the second portion of the spectrum is amplified, wherein - the central wavelength λ 0 of the initial laser radiation is selected from 1025nm to 1070nm, said initial laser radiation has no chirp and its spectral width Δλ 0 does not exceed 1.5nm and has a pulse duration from 1ps to 5ps, - said initial laser radiation is selected from a luminescence band of doped fiber active media, - the spectral width Δλ of said spectrally broadened radiation, defined at a 1/10 level of the maximum spectral intensity, is within an interval from 40nm to 45nm, - the central wavelength λ 1 of the first portion of the spectrum is selected from 1025nm to 1035nm, and its spectral width Δλ 1 is in a range from a few to 10nm, - the central wavelength λ 2 of the second portion of the spectrum is selected from 1045nm to 1070nm, and its spectral width Δλ 2 is less than 1nm, - and both the first and the second portions (D, E) of the spectrum possess a linear chirp. - a central wavelength λ 0 of said initial laser radiation is selected from a luminescence band of Yb-doped active media, - a central wavelength of radiation after said pre-amplification coincides with said central wavelength λ 0 of the initial laser radiation, - spectrally broadened radiation has a spectral width Δλ that overlaps stimulated emission peaks of Yb-doped and Nd-doped active media, - radiation of a first output pulse and radiation of a second output pulse are formed from said spectrally broadened radiation by extracting a first portion and a second portion of its spectrum with central wavelengths λ 1, λ 2 and spectral widths Δλ 1, Δλ 2, respectively, while radiation of the second portion of the spectrum is amplified, wherein - the central wavelength λ 0 of the initial laser radiation is selected from 1025nm to 1070nm, said initial laser radiation has no chirp and its spectral width Δλ 0 does not exceed 1.5nm and has a pulse duration from 1ps to 5ps, - said initial laser radiation is selected from a luminescence band of doped fiber active media, - the spectral width Δλ of said spectrally broadened radiation, defined at a 1/10 level of the maximum spectral intensity, is within an interval from 40nm to 45nm, - the central wavelength λ 1 of the first portion of the spectrum is selected from 1025nm to 1035nm, and its spectral width Δλ 1 is in a range from a few to 10nm, - the central wavelength λ 2 of the second portion of the spectrum is selected from 1045nm to 1070nm, and its spectral width Δλ 2 is less than 1nm, - and both the first and the second portions (D, E) of the spectrum possess a linear chirp.