A data exchange method, comprising: obtaining, by a terminal device, resource information that can be used to communicate with another terminal device, wherein the resource information is used to indicate a time-frequency resource and an antenna port used for the communication, and each antenna port is corresponding to an antenna polarization direction; and sending, by the terminal device, scheduling information and data information to the another terminal device by using the time-frequency resource and the antenna polarization direction, wherein the scheduling information comprises the antenna polarization direction and the time-frequency resource used to carry the data information, and time-frequency resources and/or antenna polarization directions that are used by any two terminal devices to send scheduling information and data information to other terminal devices are different; wherein the obtaining, by the terminal device, resource information that can be used to communicate with the another terminal device comprises: receiving, by the terminal device, a scheduling instruction sent by a network device, wherein the scheduling instruction comprises the time-frequency resource and the antenna polarization direction that are allocated for the communicative connection between the terminal device and the another terminal device, and time-frequency resources and/or antenna polarization directions that are allocated to any two terminal devices to communicatively connect to other terminal devices are different; and wherein before the receiving, by the terminal device, the scheduling instruction sent by the network device, the method further comprises: sending, by the terminal device, a terminal capability to the network device, wherein the terminal capability comprises at least an antenna polarization capability of the terminal; and sending, by the terminal device to the network device, a communication request for communicating with the another terminal device, so that the network device allocates the time-frequency resource and the antenna polarization direction for the communicative connection between the terminal device and the another terminal device based on the antenna polarization capability of the terminal. obtaining, by a terminal device, resource information that can be used to communicate with another terminal device, wherein the resource information is used to indicate a time-frequency resource and an antenna port used for the communication, and each antenna port is corresponding to an antenna polarization direction; and sending, by the terminal device, scheduling information and data information to the another terminal device by using the time-frequency resource and the antenna polarization direction, wherein the scheduling information comprises the antenna polarization direction and the time-frequency resource used to carry the data information, and time-frequency resources and/or antenna polarization directions that are used by any two terminal devices to send scheduling information and data information to other terminal devices are different; wherein the obtaining, by the terminal device, resource information that can be used to communicate with the another terminal device comprises: receiving, by the terminal device, a scheduling instruction sent by a network device, wherein the scheduling instruction comprises the time-frequency resource and the antenna polarization direction that are allocated for the communicative connection between the terminal device and the another terminal device, and time-frequency resources and/or antenna polarization directions that are allocated to any two terminal devices to communicatively connect to other terminal devices are different; and wherein before the receiving, by the terminal device, the scheduling instruction sent by the network device, the method further comprises: receiving, by the terminal device, a scheduling instruction sent by a network device, wherein the scheduling instruction comprises the time-frequency resource and the antenna polarization direction that are allocated for the communicative connection between the terminal device and the another terminal device, and time-frequency resources and/or antenna polarization directions that are allocated to any two terminal devices to communicatively connect to other terminal devices are different; and wherein before the receiving, by the terminal device, the scheduling instruction sent by the network device, the method further comprises: sending, by the terminal device, a terminal capability to the network device, wherein the terminal capability comprises at least an antenna polarization capability of the terminal; and sending, by the terminal device to the network device, a communication request for communicating with the another terminal device, so that the network device allocates the time-frequency resource and the antenna polarization direction for the communicative connection between the terminal device and the another terminal device based on the antenna polarization capability of the terminal.