mhurhangee/ep-ind-claims huggingface dataset:
A control apparatus for an internal combustion engine comprising: a turbocharger having a turbine operating with exhaust energy of an internal combustion engine, and a compressor for compressing an intake gas; a wastegate (34, 36) through which an exhaust gas passes while bypassing the turbine; and a wastegate valve for opening/closing the wastegate (34, 36); characterized by further comprising: an exhaust gas sensor provided in an exhaust passage on a downstream side of the turbine and the wastegate valve and upstream of an exhaust purification catalyst; and air-fuel ratio change detection controlling means for executing air-fuel ratio change detection control to change an air-fuel ratio on an upstream side of the turbine and the wastegate valve and detect a timing of change in the air-fuel ratio by the exhaust gas sensor, wherein the air-fuel ratio change detection controlling means executes the air-fuel ratio change detection control when the wastegate valve is fully closed. a turbocharger having a turbine operating with exhaust energy of an internal combustion engine, and a compressor for compressing an intake gas; a wastegate (34, 36) through which an exhaust gas passes while bypassing the turbine; and a wastegate valve for opening/closing the wastegate (34, 36); characterized by further comprising: an exhaust gas sensor provided in an exhaust passage on a downstream side of the turbine and the wastegate valve and upstream of an exhaust purification catalyst; and air-fuel ratio change detection controlling means for executing air-fuel ratio change detection control to change an air-fuel ratio on an upstream side of the turbine and the wastegate valve and detect a timing of change in the air-fuel ratio by the exhaust gas sensor, wherein the air-fuel ratio change detection controlling means executes the air-fuel ratio change detection control when the wastegate valve is fully closed. an exhaust gas sensor provided in an exhaust passage on a downstream side of the turbine and the wastegate valve and upstream of an exhaust purification catalyst; and air-fuel ratio change detection controlling means for executing air-fuel ratio change detection control to change an air-fuel ratio on an upstream side of the turbine and the wastegate valve and detect a timing of change in the air-fuel ratio by the exhaust gas sensor, wherein the air-fuel ratio change detection controlling means executes the air-fuel ratio change detection control when the wastegate valve is fully closed.
A method of supporting delivery of data packets using Transmission Control Protocol, TCP, in a wireless communication network, the method comprising: - estimating, by a base station of the wireless communication network, an imminent end of a slow start phase of TCP congestion control based on a number of data packets received by the base station during a first predetermined time window, based on a throughput of a terminal, served by the base station, during a second predetermined time window, based on a time during which a buffer of the base station for buffering data packets is empty and/or based on a time length of a stay of a data packet in a buffer of the base station, and - adapting a characteristic of the delivery of the data packets in the wireless communication network, if the imminent end of the slow start phase is estimated. - estimating, by a base station of the wireless communication network, an imminent end of a slow start phase of TCP congestion control based on a number of data packets received by the base station during a first predetermined time window, based on a throughput of a terminal, served by the base station, during a second predetermined time window, based on a time during which a buffer of the base station for buffering data packets is empty and/or based on a time length of a stay of a data packet in a buffer of the base station, and - adapting a characteristic of the delivery of the data packets in the wireless communication network, if the imminent end of the slow start phase is estimated.
A valve (1, 1') for controlling fluid flow, said valve comprising: a valve body, a chamber arranged inside of said valve body, a fluid inlet for providing fluid to said chamber, and a fluid outlet for receiving fluid from said chamber, wherein fluid upstream of said chamber but downstream of said fluid inlet has an upstream pressure, and fluid downstream of said chamber but upstream of said fluid outlet has a downstream pressure, a closing arrangement for controlling the flow of fluid from said fluid inlet to said fluid outlet via said chamber, said closing arrangement having, at least one open state in which fluid is allowed to flow through said chamber, a differential pressure sensor for measuring the differential pressure over said closing arrangement, between said upstream pressure and said downstream pressure, characterized in that said differential pressure sensor is integrated into said valve body, and wherein said valve comprises a first fluid path enabling a pressurized communication between the differential pressure sensor and fluid at said upstream pressure, and a second fluid path enabling a pressurized communication between the differential pressure sensor and fluid at said downstream pressure, wherein said differential pressure sensor is arranged to measure the differential pressure for at least said open state of said closing arrangement. a valve body, a chamber arranged inside of said valve body, a fluid inlet for providing fluid to said chamber, and a fluid outlet for receiving fluid from said chamber, wherein fluid upstream of said chamber but downstream of said fluid inlet has an upstream pressure, and fluid downstream of said chamber but upstream of said fluid outlet has a downstream pressure, a closing arrangement for controlling the flow of fluid from said fluid inlet to said fluid outlet via said chamber, said closing arrangement having, at least one open state in which fluid is allowed to flow through said chamber, a differential pressure sensor for measuring the differential pressure over said closing arrangement, between said upstream pressure and said downstream pressure, characterized in that said differential pressure sensor is integrated into said valve body, and wherein said valve comprises a first fluid path enabling a pressurized communication between the differential pressure sensor and fluid at said upstream pressure, and a second fluid path enabling a pressurized communication between the differential pressure sensor and fluid at said downstream pressure, wherein said differential pressure sensor is arranged to measure the differential pressure for at least said open state of said closing arrangement.
A medical system comprising: a catheter configured to be inserted into a body part of a living subject, wherein the catheter includes a plurality of electrodes; a display configured to provide a view of at least part of a hand of a user; and a processor configured to: track a position of the catheter in the body part; track a position of the electrodes; render to the display a three-dimensional view of an interior of an anatomical map of the body part and a representation of the catheter inside the anatomical map responsively to the tracked position, while the display is providing the view of the at least part of the hand of the user; characterised in that the processor is further configured to: recognize a gesture of the at least part of the hand of the user selecting one electrode of the electrodes of the catheter; and perform an action responsively to recognizing selection by the user of the one electrode of the electrodes. a catheter configured to be inserted into a body part of a living subject, wherein the catheter includes a plurality of electrodes; a display configured to provide a view of at least part of a hand of a user; and a processor configured to: track a position of the catheter in the body part; track a position of the electrodes; render to the display a three-dimensional view of an interior of an anatomical map of the body part and a representation of the catheter inside the anatomical map responsively to the tracked position, while the display is providing the view of the at least part of the hand of the user; characterised in that the processor is further configured to: track a position of the catheter in the body part; track a position of the electrodes; render to the display a three-dimensional view of an interior of an anatomical map of the body part and a representation of the catheter inside the anatomical map responsively to the tracked position, while the display is providing the view of the at least part of the hand of the user; characterised in that the processor is further configured to: recognize a gesture of the at least part of the hand of the user selecting one electrode of the electrodes of the catheter; and perform an action responsively to recognizing selection by the user of the one electrode of the electrodes.
Method of arranging rod-like elements, in which an unordered portion of rod-like elements (3A...3F) composed each of at least one part selected from a group including cigarette parts being filter parts and tobacco parts, is delivered to a conveyor enabling arrangement of the elements on the said conveyor (1, 1', 101, 201) in a plurality of compartments (2, 2', 102, 202), longitudinally in each compartment and transversely to the direction of movement of the conveyor, the compartments having a length adapted to receive at least one filter part and at least one tobacco part of a cigarette, characterized in that the type, the number and the location of parts of the element (3A...3F) received in each successive compartment (2, 2', 102, 202) is defined by at least a single scanning of each successive compartment (2, 2', 102, 202) of the conveyor (1, 1', 101, 201), the result of the scanning being transmitted to a control unit in which each compartment (2, 2', 102, 202) is assigned information about its contents, the elements (3A...3F) being subsequently sorted out, basing on the information received from the control unit by the type and the number of parts each element is composed of, as well as by the location of these parts in the compartment (2, 2', 102, 202), by transferring the elements contained in successive compartments (2, 2', 102, 202) to suitable receiving means selected according to the information received from the control unit.
A method for estimating a state of charge of a battery, including the steps of: a) providing a battery model specific to the battery, the battery model providing a section-wise defined correlation of terminal voltage values depending on state of charge values, wherein the curve is strictly monotonic decreasing in a section and strictly monotonic increasing in another section, and wherein each of said sections of the battery model delimits a monotonic dependence of the correlation from others of said sections; b) measuring a terminal voltage value of the battery; c) identifying one of said sections of the battery model based on at least one operational condition of the battery; d) retrieving, within the identified section of the battery model, a state of charge value correlating to the measured terminal voltage, and; e) returning the retrieved state of charge value as an estimated state of charge of the battery. a) providing a battery model specific to the battery, the battery model providing a section-wise defined correlation of terminal voltage values depending on state of charge values, wherein the curve is strictly monotonic decreasing in a section and strictly monotonic increasing in another section, and wherein each of said sections of the battery model delimits a monotonic dependence of the correlation from others of said sections; b) measuring a terminal voltage value of the battery; c) identifying one of said sections of the battery model based on at least one operational condition of the battery; d) retrieving, within the identified section of the battery model, a state of charge value correlating to the measured terminal voltage, and; e) returning the retrieved state of charge value as an estimated state of charge of the battery.
A method of mechanically securing a first object to a second object, the method comprising the steps of: • Providing the first object, wherein the first object comprises thermoplastic material in a solid state, • Providing the second object with a generally flat sheet portion having an edge, • Positioning the first object relative to the second object to provide an assembly comprising the first and second object, in which assembly the edge is in contact with the thermoplastic material, • While the edge is in contact with the thermoplastic material, bringing the first object and the second object to a relative movement to each other such that a melting zone comprising flowable thermoplastic material is formed due to friction heat generated between the edge and the thermoplastic material and such that thermoplastic material of the melting zone flows around the edge to at least partially embed the edge in the thermoplastic material, • stopping the relative movement and letting the thermoplastic material resolidify to yield a positive-fit connection between the first and the second object, wherein the relative movement comprises a rotational movement, characterized in that the rotational movement comprises a rotational movement around a rotation axis, the rotational movement being a back and forth oscillating rotation around the rotation axis, and/or in that the rotational movement comprises an orbital movement. • Providing the first object, wherein the first object comprises thermoplastic material in a solid state, • Providing the second object with a generally flat sheet portion having an edge, • Positioning the first object relative to the second object to provide an assembly comprising the first and second object, in which assembly the edge is in contact with the thermoplastic material, • While the edge is in contact with the thermoplastic material, bringing the first object and the second object to a relative movement to each other such that a melting zone comprising flowable thermoplastic material is formed due to friction heat generated between the edge and the thermoplastic material and such that thermoplastic material of the melting zone flows around the edge to at least partially embed the edge in the thermoplastic material, • stopping the relative movement and letting the thermoplastic material resolidify to yield a positive-fit connection between the first and the second object, wherein the relative movement comprises a rotational movement, characterized in that the rotational movement comprises a rotational movement around a rotation axis, the rotational movement being a back and forth oscillating rotation around the rotation axis, and/or in that the rotational movement comprises an orbital movement.
A method of modifying the tobacco-specific nitrosamine content of a tobacco material, comprising: contacting a tobacco material with a treatment composition, wherein the treatment composition comprises a salt, a sugar, an enzyme, a lactic acid bacteria, a yeast, or a combination of two or more of these, wherein said contacting provides a treated tobacco material having a reduced total bacterial content; curing the treated tobacco material to give a cured tobacco material; adding one or more microorganisms to the cured tobacco material, wherein the one or more microorganisms are present in exogenous amounts to the cured tobacco material; and fermenting the cured tobacco material to provide a fermented tobacco material having a tobacco-specific nitrosamine content that is reduced relative to a fermented tobacco material that has not been contacted with a treatment composition and has not been fermented in the presence of said microorganisms, wherein the one or more microorganisms comprise Tetragenococcus halophilus. contacting a tobacco material with a treatment composition, wherein the treatment composition comprises a salt, a sugar, an enzyme, a lactic acid bacteria, a yeast, or a combination of two or more of these, wherein said contacting provides a treated tobacco material having a reduced total bacterial content; curing the treated tobacco material to give a cured tobacco material; adding one or more microorganisms to the cured tobacco material, wherein the one or more microorganisms are present in exogenous amounts to the cured tobacco material; and fermenting the cured tobacco material to provide a fermented tobacco material having a tobacco-specific nitrosamine content that is reduced relative to a fermented tobacco material that has not been contacted with a treatment composition and has not been fermented in the presence of said microorganisms, wherein the one or more microorganisms comprise Tetragenococcus halophilus.
A method for producing a processed nutmeg product, comprising a step of simultaneously treating nutmeg or an extract thereof with an alcohol or a 25% (v/v) or more alcohol aqueous solution and one or more selected from the group consisting of a protonic acid and an H-type cation exchange resin.
An extractor, comprising: a housing (20, 304, 306, 380, 382) that includes a suction nozzle for removing dirt and debris from the surface to be cleaned and a vacuum motor that is fluidly connected to the suction nozzle; the housing (20, 304, 306, 380, 382) further includes an electrical system that includes the vacuum motor; an electrical power cord that is removably connected to the electrical system wherein the connection between the electrical cord and the electrical circuit comprises: a male connector in the housing (20, 304, 306, 380, 382) at an external surface thereof; and a female connector at one end of the electrical cord that removably interfaces with the male connector to supply power to the electrical system; wherein the electrical power cord is easily replaceable by disconnecting the male connector and the female connector, characterized by a cord housing that is mounted to the electrical cord and that mounts the female connector, wherein the cord housing is removably mounted to the housing (20, 304, 306, 380, 382). a housing (20, 304, 306, 380, 382) that includes a suction nozzle for removing dirt and debris from the surface to be cleaned and a vacuum motor that is fluidly connected to the suction nozzle; the housing (20, 304, 306, 380, 382) further includes an electrical system that includes the vacuum motor; an electrical power cord that is removably connected to the electrical system wherein the connection between the electrical cord and the electrical circuit comprises: a male connector in the housing (20, 304, 306, 380, 382) at an external surface thereof; and a female connector at one end of the electrical cord that removably interfaces with the male connector to supply power to the electrical system; wherein the electrical power cord is easily replaceable by disconnecting the male connector and the female connector, characterized by a cord housing that is mounted to the electrical cord and that mounts the female connector, wherein the cord housing is removably mounted to the housing (20, 304, 306, 380, 382). a male connector in the housing (20, 304, 306, 380, 382) at an external surface thereof; and a female connector at one end of the electrical cord that removably interfaces with the male connector to supply power to the electrical system; wherein the electrical power cord is easily replaceable by disconnecting the male connector and the female connector, characterized by a cord housing that is mounted to the electrical cord and that mounts the female connector, wherein the cord housing is removably mounted to the housing (20, 304, 306, 380, 382).
A gaming or a vending machine comprising a peripheral device, a second device and a housing, wherein the second device comprises a micro-processing unit, wherein the peripheral device and the second device are housed in the housing and wherein the housing comprises locking means (411, 412) providing a secure enclosure for the peripheral device and the second device, wherein the peripheral device is mounted in the housing in a predetermined normal geometric orientation for normal operation, wherein whilst mounted in the normal geometric orientation the peripheral device is configured to perform normal operations comprising secure data transfer between the peripheral device and the second device, wherein the peripheral device includes a detector which is configured to detect when the peripheral device is placed in a predetermined initialization configuration by detecting when at least one of the geometric orientation, angular position or acceleration of the peripheral device fulfils a predetermined condition corresponding to the initialization configuration, wherein the peripheral device is configured to thereafter enable an initialization data transfer between the peripheral device and the second device to permit said secure data transfer between the peripheral device and the second device to occur in said normal geometric orientation.
Method for injecting shielding gas into an oxycombustion boiler, said oxycombustion boiler comprising a combustion chamber having walls, whereby at least one fuel stream and at least one oxidant stream, essentially devoid of nitrogen, are fed to the combustion chamber whereby the fuel is substantially combusted to produce at least one combustion chamber jet, flue gas and a heat transfer flux to the walls of the combustion chamber, characterized in that a plurality of shielding gas streams, essentially devoid of nitrogen, are passed into a region of the combustion chamber so that the shielding gas streams are located, oriented, and controlled in a manner so as to create a gas curtain and smoothen the heat transfer flux to the walls of the combustion chamber.
Package structure for necked glass containers for pharmaceutical use, comprising a tray bearing therein - at a raised position with respect to its bottom - a support plane having, for the introduction of said containers, a plurality of holes spaced from each other with a preset spatial order and having a central symmetry axis orthogonal to said support plane, said support plane further comprising, at each of said holes, elastically yielding holding means for a container by means of a holding force, said holding means extending into the volume enclosed by the projection of the perimeter of each of said holes in a manner parallel to said central symmetry axis, said holding means comprising flaps adapted to hold the container under a bulged section of the upper part of the neck of said container, characterised in that the flaps are elastic, and can elastically fit against the lower diameter of the neck of said container, both the centred holding of the container and the support of its weight being ensurable by the elastic flaps only.
A spheroidal graphite cast iron excellent in gas defect resistance, characterized by consisting of, in mass ratio: C: 3.3 to 4%; Si: 2 to 3%; P: not more than 0.05%; S: not more than 0.02%; Mn: not more than 0.8%; Cu: not more than 0.8% and not less than 0.1%; Mg: 0.02 to 0.06%; Ti: 0.01 to 0.04%; V: 0.001 to 0.01%; Nb: 0.001 to 0.01%, the total content of Ti, V and Nb being in the range of 0.015 to 0.045%; and N: 0.004 to 0.008%, with the remnant consisting of Fe and an inevitable impurity. C: 3.3 to 4%; Si: 2 to 3%; P: not more than 0.05%; S: not more than 0.02%; Mn: not more than 0.8%; Cu: not more than 0.8% and not less than 0.1%; Mg: 0.02 to 0.06%; Ti: 0.01 to 0.04%; V: 0.001 to 0.01%; Nb: 0.001 to 0.01%, the total content of Ti, V and Nb being in the range of 0.015 to 0.045%; and N: 0.004 to 0.008%,