A detection kit for identifying class A1, class A2, class B1, class B2, class C1, class C2, class D1 and class D2 β-lactamase nucleic acid, wherein the kit comprises: a) at least one positive control and at least one negative control; b) a protocol for identification of said class A1, class A2, class B1, class B2, class C1, class C2, class D1 and class D2 β-lactamase nucleic acid; c) the following primer pairs capable of hybridizing to class A1 β-lactamase nucleic acid: a pair of Seq. No. 1 and 2, a pair of Seq. 3 and 4, a pair of Seq. No. 5 and 6, a pair of Seq. No. 7 and 8, a pair of Seq. No. 9 and 10, a pair of Seq. No. 11 and 12, a pair of Seq. No. 13 and 14, a pair of Seq. No. 15 and 16; d) the following primer pairs capable of hybridizing to class A2 β-lactamase nucleic acid: a pair of Seq. No. 17 and 18, a pair of Seq. No. 19 and 20, a pair of Seq. No. 21 and 22, a pair of Seq. No. 23 and 24, a pair of Seq. No. 25 and 26; e) the following primer pairs capable of hybridizing to class B1 β-lactamase nucleic acid: a pair of Seq. No. 27 and 28, a pair of Seq. No. 29 and 30, a pair of Seq. No. 31 and 32, a pair of Seq. No. 33 and 34, a pair of Seq. No. 35 and 36, a pair of Seq. No.37 and 38, a pair of Seq. No. 39 and 40, a pair of Seq. No. 41 and 42; f) the following primer pairs capable of hybridizing to class B2 β-lactamase nucleic acid: a pair of Seq. No. 43 and 44, a pair of Seq. No. 45 and 46, a pair of Seq. No. 47 and 48, a pair of Seq. No. 49 and 50, a pair of Seq. No. 51 and 52, a pair of Seq. No. 53 and 54, No. 55 and 56, a pair of Seq. 57 and 58; g) the following primer pairs capable of hybridizing to class C1 β-lactamase nucleic acid: a pair of Seq. No. 59 and 60, a pair of Seq. No. 61 and 62, a pair of Seq. No. 63 and 64, a pair of Seq. No. 65 and 66, a pair of Seq. No. 67 and 68; h) the following primer pairs capable of hybridizing to class C2 β-lactamase nucleic acid: a pair of Seq. No. 69 and 70, a pair of Seq. No. 71 and 72, a pair of Seq. No. 73 and 74, a pair of Seq. No. 75 and 76, a pair of Seq. No. 77 and 78; i) the following primer pairs capable of hybridizing to class D1 β-lactamase nucleic acid: a pair of Seq. No. 79 and 80, a pair of Seq. No. 81 and 82, a pair of Seq. No. 83 and 84, a pair of Seq. No. 85 and 86, a pair of Seq. No. 87 and 88, a pair of Seq. No. 89 and 90, a pair of Seq. No.91 and 92, a pair of Seq. No. 93 and 94; and l) the following primer pairs capable of hybridizing to class D2 β-lactamase nucleic acid the following primer pairs: a pair of Seq. No. 95 and 96, a pair of Seq. No. 97 and 98, a pair of Seq. No. 99 and 100, a pair of Seq. No. 101 and 102, a pair of Seq. No. 103 and 104, a pair of Seq. No. 105 and 106, and a pair of Seq. No. 107 and 108. a) at least one positive control and at least one negative control; b) a protocol for identification of said class A1, class A2, class B1, class B2, class C1, class C2, class D1 and class D2 β-lactamase nucleic acid; c) the following primer pairs capable of hybridizing to class A1 β-lactamase nucleic acid: a pair of Seq. No. 1 and 2, a pair of Seq. 3 and 4, a pair of Seq. No. 5 and 6, a pair of Seq. No. 7 and 8, a pair of Seq. No. 9 and 10, a pair of Seq. No. 11 and 12, a pair of Seq. No. 13 and 14, a pair of Seq. No. 15 and 16; d) the following primer pairs capable of hybridizing to class A2 β-lactamase nucleic acid: a pair of Seq. No. 17 and 18, a pair of Seq. No. 19 and 20, a pair of Seq. No. 21 and 22, a pair of Seq. No. 23 and 24, a pair of Seq. No. 25 and 26; e) the following primer pairs capable of hybridizing to class B1 β-lactamase nucleic acid: a pair of Seq. No. 27 and 28, a pair of Seq. No. 29 and 30, a pair of Seq. No. 31 and 32, a pair of Seq. No. 33 and 34, a pair of Seq. No. 35 and 36, a pair of Seq. No.37 and 38, a pair of Seq. No. 39 and 40, a pair of Seq. No. 41 and 42; f) the following primer pairs capable of hybridizing to class B2 β-lactamase nucleic acid: a pair of Seq. No. 43 and 44, a pair of Seq. No. 45 and 46, a pair of Seq. No. 47 and 48, a pair of Seq. No. 49 and 50, a pair of Seq. No. 51 and 52, a pair of Seq. No. 53 and 54, No. 55 and 56, a pair of Seq. 57 and 58; g) the following primer pairs capable of hybridizing to class C1 β-lactamase nucleic acid: a pair of Seq. No. 59 and 60, a pair of Seq. No. 61 and 62, a pair of Seq. No. 63 and 64, a pair of Seq. No. 65 and 66, a pair of Seq. No. 67 and 68; h) the following primer pairs capable of hybridizing to class C2 β-lactamase nucleic acid: a pair of Seq. No. 69 and 70, a pair of Seq. No. 71 and 72, a pair of Seq. No. 73 and 74, a pair of Seq. No. 75 and 76, a pair of Seq. No. 77 and 78; i) the following primer pairs capable of hybridizing to class D1 β-lactamase nucleic acid: a pair of Seq. No. 79 and 80, a pair of Seq. No. 81 and 82, a pair of Seq. No. 83 and 84, a pair of Seq. No. 85 and 86, a pair of Seq. No. 87 and 88, a pair of Seq. No. 89 and 90, a pair of Seq. No.91 and 92, a pair of Seq. No. 93 and 94; and l) the following primer pairs capable of hybridizing to class D2 β-lactamase nucleic acid the following primer pairs: a pair of Seq. No. 95 and 96, a pair of Seq. No. 97 and 98, a pair of Seq. No. 99 and 100, a pair of Seq. No. 101 and 102, a pair of Seq. No. 103 and 104, a pair of Seq. No. 105 and 106, and a pair of Seq. No. 107 and 108.