Method for detecting attempted fraud by using an artificial material during a biometric acquisition, particularly of fingerprints, comprising the following steps: - illuminating, with predefined uniform lighting under at least one wavelength, a surface of the individual subject to the biometric acquisition, said surface having a texture, and acquiring a first image of said surface at said wavelength; - illuminating, with non-uniform lighting under at least one wavelength, said surface and acquiring at least one second image of said surface under said non-uniform lighting, the non-uniform lighting causing light to diffuse within the illuminated material at an intensity that varies according to a law that is a function of a first position parameter (x or r) and is invariable along a second position parameter (y or θ); - computing, for a set of at least n locations each consolidating pixels with the same first position parameter (x or r) and different values for the second position parameter (y or θ) on the first and the second image, with n preferably being greater than or equal to 10, a correction, varying along the first position parameter, that is to be locally applied to the first image to bring the amplitude of the texture on the first image substantially to the level of that on the second image at the same location, or a correction that is to be locally applied to the second image to bring the amplitude of the texture on the second image substantially to the level of that on the first image at the same location; - generating, on the basis of the correction thus computed, which represents said law, particularly in direct or indirect comparison to reference data, information relating to the artificial or non-artificial nature of the material on which the biometric acquisition is performed. - illuminating, with predefined uniform lighting under at least one wavelength, a surface of the individual subject to the biometric acquisition, said surface having a texture, and acquiring a first image of said surface at said wavelength; - illuminating, with non-uniform lighting under at least one wavelength, said surface and acquiring at least one second image of said surface under said non-uniform lighting, the non-uniform lighting causing light to diffuse within the illuminated material at an intensity that varies according to a law that is a function of a first position parameter (x or r) and is invariable along a second position parameter (y or θ); - computing, for a set of at least n locations each consolidating pixels with the same first position parameter (x or r) and different values for the second position parameter (y or θ) on the first and the second image, with n preferably being greater than or equal to 10, a correction, varying along the first position parameter, that is to be locally applied to the first image to bring the amplitude of the texture on the first image substantially to the level of that on the second image at the same location, or a correction that is to be locally applied to the second image to bring the amplitude of the texture on the second image substantially to the level of that on the first image at the same location; - generating, on the basis of the correction thus computed, which represents said law, particularly in direct or indirect comparison to reference data, information relating to the artificial or non-artificial nature of the material on which the biometric acquisition is performed.