A method for exchanging a component in a passenger transport system, wherein a digital replica dataset, which is digitally stored in a computer or on a machine-readable medium and can be processed in a computer, exists parallel to the passenger transport system, wherein said digital replica dataset comprises data concerning physical properties (Dna,..., Dnx) of the passenger transport system, wherein said method comprises the step of physically exchanging the component by removing an existing component from the passenger transport system and replacing the existing component with a replacement component; wherein component data concerning physical properties (Dna,..., Dnx) of the component is exchanged in an at least partially automated manner by replacing component data concerning physical properties (Dna,..., Dnx) of the existing component with component data concerning physical properties (Dna,..., Dnx) of the replacement component in the digital replica dataset, characterized in that the digital replica dataset is composed of a plurality of component dataset modules (22, 23, 24), wherein each of these component dataset modules (22, 23, 24) respectively describes component data concerning physical properties (Dna,..., Dnx) of one of the components in the passenger transport system, wherein the physical properties described in the component data take into account the respective degree of wear of the existing component, which can be determined by means of sensors integrated into the passenger transport system, wherein an entire component dataset module (22, 23, 24) is respectively replaced in the digital replica dataset during an exchange of component data, and wherein a current analysis of the digital replica dataset, as well as the aforementioned structuring of the digital replica dataset by means of component dataset modules (22, 23, 24), makes it possible to reduce the simulations to the individual component or its component dataset module (22, 23, 24) and to thereby directly identify the failing physical component. physically exchanging the component by removing an existing component from the passenger transport system and replacing the existing component with a replacement component; wherein component data concerning physical properties (Dna,..., Dnx) of the component is exchanged in an at least partially automated manner by replacing component data concerning physical properties (Dna,..., Dnx) of the existing component with component data concerning physical properties (Dna,..., Dnx) of the replacement component in the digital replica dataset, characterized in that the digital replica dataset is composed of a plurality of component dataset modules (22, 23, 24), wherein each of these component dataset modules (22, 23, 24) respectively describes component data concerning physical properties (Dna,..., Dnx) of one of the components in the passenger transport system, wherein the physical properties described in the component data take into account the respective degree of wear of the existing component, which can be determined by means of sensors integrated into the passenger transport system, wherein an entire component dataset module (22, 23, 24) is respectively replaced in the digital replica dataset during an exchange of component data, and wherein a current analysis of the digital replica dataset, as well as the aforementioned structuring of the digital replica dataset by means of component dataset modules (22, 23, 24), makes it possible to reduce the simulations to the individual component or its component dataset module (22, 23, 24) and to thereby directly identify the failing physical component.