A photovoltaic power optimizer, comprising: a power optimization module, a bypass module, and a control module, wherein an input end of the power optimization module is connected to a photovoltaic battery component, an output end of the power optimization module is connected to an inverter, and the power optimization module is configured to optimize power output by the photovoltaic battery component; the bypass module is connected to the input end of the power optimization module, the output end of the power optimization module, and the control module, and the control module is further connected to the power optimization module; and the power optimization module comprises at least two temperature sensors configured to collect a temperature of the photovoltaic power optimizer, and report the collected temperatures to the control module; wherein the control module is configured to detect whether the power optimization module is in a normal working state or is faulty; wherein the control module is configured to control the bypass module to be off when detecting that the power optimization module is in a normal working state; and wherein, when it is determined by the control module that the power optimization module is faulty: when an input voltage from the photovoltaic battery component is greater than an upper limit value of the rated voltage range, the control module is further configured to detect whether a temperature of the power optimization module is less than a preset high temperature threshold and if the temperature of the power optimization module is less than the preset high temperature threshold, the control module is configured to determine that the bypass module can work normally in a high voltage environment and control the bypass module to be on; and if the temperature of the power optimization module is not less than the preset high temperature threshold the control module is configured to control the bypass module to be off. an input end of the power optimization module is connected to a photovoltaic battery component, an output end of the power optimization module is connected to an inverter, and the power optimization module is configured to optimize power output by the photovoltaic battery component; the bypass module is connected to the input end of the power optimization module, the output end of the power optimization module, and the control module, and the control module is further connected to the power optimization module; and the power optimization module comprises at least two temperature sensors configured to collect a temperature of the photovoltaic power optimizer, and report the collected temperatures to the control module; wherein the control module is configured to detect whether the power optimization module is in a normal working state or is faulty; wherein the control module is configured to control the bypass module to be off when detecting that the power optimization module is in a normal working state; and wherein, when it is determined by the control module that the power optimization module is faulty: when an input voltage from the photovoltaic battery component is greater than an upper limit value of the rated voltage range, the control module is further configured to detect whether a temperature of the power optimization module is less than a preset high temperature threshold and if the temperature of the power optimization module is less than the preset high temperature threshold, the control module is configured to determine that the bypass module can work normally in a high voltage environment and control the bypass module to be on; and if the temperature of the power optimization module is not less than the preset high temperature threshold the control module is configured to control the bypass module to be off. when an input voltage from the photovoltaic battery component is greater than an upper limit value of the rated voltage range, the control module is further configured to detect whether a temperature of the power optimization module is less than a preset high temperature threshold and if the temperature of the power optimization module is less than the preset high temperature threshold, the control module is configured to determine that the bypass module can work normally in a high voltage environment and control the bypass module to be on; and if the temperature of the power optimization module is not less than the preset high temperature threshold the control module is configured to control the bypass module to be off.