Cowles ( 1911 ) wrote about distinguishing clements between primary succession and secondary succession : About Clements ' distinction between primary succession and secondary succession , Cowles wrote ( 1911 ) :
Cowles (1911) menulis tentang membezakan clements antara penggantian primer dan penggantian sekunder: Mengenai perbezaan Clements antara penggantian primer dan penggantian sekunder, Cowles menulis (1911):