Issued on: 16 January 2015

Wadi’ah

Concept Paper

BNM/RH/ CP 028-14 Islamic Banking and Takaful
Department

Wadi’ah

Issued on: 16 January 2015

Table of Contents

PART A OVERVIEW ..................................................................................... 2

1. Introduction ..................................................................................... 2

2. Policy Objectives ............................................................................ 3

3. Scope of Policy Document .............................................................. 3

4. Applicability ..................................................................................... 4

5. Legal Provision ............................................................................... 4

6. Effective Date ................................................................................. 4

7. Interpretation ................................................................................... 4

8. Related Shariah Rulings and Policy Documents ............................. 5

PART B SHARIAH REQUIREMENTS AND OPTIONAL PRACTICES OF
WADI`AH ........................................................................................ 6

9. Definition ......................................................................................... 6

10. Nature ............................................................................................. 6

11. Contracting Parties ......................................................................... 6

12. Offer and Acceptance ..................................................................... 7

13. Asset   ............................................................................................. 7

14. Salient Features of Wadi’ah ............................................................ 8

15. Arrangement of Wadi`ah with Charges ........................................... 9

16. Utilisation of the Money by the Custodian ....................................... 9

17. Dissolution of Wadi’ah contract ..................................................... 10

18. Completion of Wadi’ah contract .................................................... 10

19. Effects of Dissolution or Completion of Wadi’ah contract.............. 10

BNM/RH/ CP 028-14 Islamic Banking and Takaful
Department

Wadi’ah

Issued on: 16 January 2015

PART C OPERATIONAL REQUIREMENTS .............................................. 12

20. Governance and Oversight ........................................................... 12

21. Structuring .................................................................................... 15

22. Risk Management ......................................................................... 19

23. Business Conduct and Disclosure ................................................ 20

APPENDICES .................................................................................................... 22

24. Appendix 1  Legitimacy of Wadi`ah .............................................. 22

25. Appendix 2  Glossary .................................................................... 24

26. Appendix 3  General Guidance on Documentation to Customer .. 25

27. Appendix 4  Related Legal and Policy Documents ....................... 25

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As part of the objectives to strengthen the Shariah compliance practices among Islamic

financial institutions (IFI), Bank Negara Malaysia (the Bank) is developing a Shariah

contract-based regulatory policy with the objective to provide comprehensive guidance to the

Islamic financial industry with respect to end-to-end compliance with Shariah. This Shariah-

based regulatory policy consists of two components, namely the Shariah requirements and

the operational requirements. The Shariah requirements highlight the salient features and

essential conditions of specific Shariah contracts to facilitate sound understanding of a

particular contract by the lFIs. The operational requirements set out the expectations with

respect to the oversight function, product structuring, risk management as well as business

conduct and consumer protection.

This Concept Paper (CP) outlines the Shariah and operational requirements for the wadi`ah

contract. The wadi’ah yad amanah contract is basically adopted in the IFI’s safekeeping

services of physical assets. Placement of deposits involving fungible assets or cash that

apply the rulings of qard and will be outlined in a separate Concept Paper on Qard. Whilst

the Shariah requirements stipulated in Part B serves as reference to facilitate the IFIs in

providing feedback and comments on the operational aspects of wadi`ah, the Bank invites

written feedback and comments only on the operational requirements of wadi’ah contracts

under Part C, including suggestions for particular issues or areas to be clarified or

elaborated further and any alternative proposals that the Bank should consider. The

feedback must be supported with clear rationale, accompanying evidence or illustration, as

appropriate to facilitate effective review of this CP.

Additional instructions for IFIs

In addition to providing general feedback, IFIs are required to respond to the specific

questions set out throughout the CP.

Please submit your response to the Bank by 16 February 2015, addressed to:

Pengarah
Jabatan Perbankan Islam dan Takaful
Bank Negara Malaysia
Jalan Dato' Onn
50480 Kuala Lumpur

Any queries may be directed to:
Rahizam Ibrahim: rahizam@bnm.gov.my
Nurul Iman Azwan: nuruliman@bnm.gov.my
Shariza Abdul Ghani: shariza@bnm.gov.my

mailto:rahizam@bnm.gov.my

mailto:nuruliman@bnm.gov.my

mailto:shariza@bnm.gov.my

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PART A OVERVIEW

1. Introduction

1.1 Compliance with Shariah requirements is a pre-requisite in ensuring the

legitimacy of Islamic financial products and services. In meeting this expectation,

it is essential for IFIs to establish the necessary operational framework and

infrastructure to ensure the conduct of Islamic financial transactions is consistent

with Shariah, including in ensuring that the entire intermediation process is

carried out with good governance, and in a prudent and transparent manner. In

this regard, the Bank has embarked on the development of a Shariah contract-

based regulatory policy to ensure end-to-end compliance with Shariah, primarily

to preserve the integrity of Islamic financial transactions.

1.2 The Shariah contract-based regulatory policy consists of two components,

namely Shariah requirements and operational requirements. The former

highlights the salient features and essential conditions of a specific Shariah

contract. The latter outlines the operational requirements consisting core

principles underpinning sound financial practices, expectations for good

governance, robust documentations, fair market practices and effective risk

management. These operational requirements aim to complement and promote

sound application of the Shariah contract.

1.3 One of the Shariah contracts applied by IFIs is wadi`ah. Wadi`ah is a

safekeeping contract based on the fiduciary relationship between an asset owner

and a custodian, in which the asset owner entrusts the custodian to safeguard

the asset. The custodian has an obligation to return the asset to the asset owner

upon request.

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2. Policy Objectives

2.1 This policy document aims to:-

(a) provide the Shariah rulings relating to the application of a wadi`ah

contract;

(b) specify key operational requirements governing the implementation of a

wadi`ah contract; and

(c) ensure sound financial and consumer protection requirements are

implemented throughout the life cycle of a wadi`ah contract.

3. Scope of Policy Document

3.1 The policy document covers products and services which are based on wadi`ah,

specifically on the liability side of IFIs which includes money market instruments.

3.2 Part B provides the Shariah requirements that must be adhered to in ensuring

the validity of wadi`ah and its optional practices.

3.3 Part C complements the Shariah requirements under Part B and provides the

operational requirements and guidance to achieve the aforementioned policy

objectives effectively. Four essential areas of management and operation of

wadi’ah by IFIs are covered in this policy document:-

(a) Oversight function: Establishment of clear roles and responsibilities of the

board of directors, Shariah Committee and senior management, and

establishment of comprehensive policies and procedures;

(b) Product structuring: Establishment of a proper system and robust product

structuring including documentation;

(c) Risk management: Establishment of a sound risk management system;

and

(d) Information disclosure and business conduct: Transparent and fair dealing

practices in the application of wadi’ah.

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4. Applicability

 4.1 This policy document is applicable to all IFIs as defined in paragraph 7.2.

5. Legal Provision

 5.1 The requirements in this policy document are-

(a) specified pursuant to sections 29, 57(1) and 57(2)(d) of the Islamic

Financial Services Act 2013 (IFSA); and

(b) specified pursuant to section 41 and issued as directions pursuant to

section 129(3) of the Development Financial Institutions Act 2002

(DFIA).

6. Effective Date

 6.1 This policy document shall come into effect upon issuance of the final

document.

7. Interpretation

7.1 The terms and expressions used in this policy document shall have the same

meanings assigned to them in the IFSA and DFIA, as the case may be, unless

otherwise defined in this policy document.

7.2 For the purpose of this policy document-

“S”      denotes a standard, requirement or specification that must be complied

with. Failure to comply may result in one or more enforcement actions.

“G”    denotes guidance which may consist of such information, advice or

recommendation intended to promote common understanding and

sound industry practices which are encouraged to be adopted.

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“Islamic financial institutions” means-

(a) licensed Islamic banks and takaful operators under IFSA;

(b) licensed banks and licensed investment banks under FSA

approved under section 15(1)(a) FSA to carry on Islamic

banking business; and

(c) prescribed institutions under DFIA approved under section

129(1) DFIA to carry on Islamic banking business or Islamic

financial business.

8. Related Shariah Rulings and Policy Documents

8.1 This policy document must be read together with but not limited to such

Shariah rulings and policy documents listed in Appendix 4.

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PART B SHARIAH REQUIREMENTS AND OPTIONAL PRACTICES
OF WADI`AH

9. Definition

S 9.1 Wadi`ah refers to a contract by which an asset is placed with another party for

safekeeping.

10. Nature

S 10.1 Wadi`ah is based on trusteeship1 and referred to as wadi’ah yad amanah in

which any of the contracting parties may terminate the contract unilaterally.

COMPONENTS OF WADI’AH

11. Contracting Parties

S

11.1 In a wadi`ah contract, there shall be a custodian (wadi`); and a safekeeping

depositor (mudi`) of the asset (collectively referred to as “contracting parties”).

S

11.2 The safekeeping depositor shall be an owner or a person who has legal

authority over the asset placed in custody.

S

11.3 The contracting parties shall have the legal capacity2 to enter into a wadi`ah

contract.

G 11.4 The contracting parties in a wadi`ah contract may be a natural person or a

legal entity.

1
  The word “trust” and “trusteeship” used in this document denote the literal meaning and shall not be associated

with terms relating to any law.
2
  The legal capacity of a person, from a Shariah perspective, is defined as the capacity to assume rights and

responsibilities; and the capacity to give legal effect to his action. Among the important conditions are that the
person must be of sound mind and the capacity to distinguish between what is beneficial or harmful to one’s
interests. The legal capacity of a legal entity is defined as eligibility of an entity to acquire rights and assume
responsibilities. In Malaysia, the legal capacity is governed by the Contracts Act 1950 and the Age of Majority Act
1971.

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G 11.5 A wadi`ah contract may involve more than one safekeeping depositors.

G 11.6 Any party to a wadi`ah contract may enter into the wadi’ah contract through an

agent (wakil).

12. Offer and Acceptance

S 12.1 A wadi`ah contract shall be entered into through an offer and acceptance

between the contracting parties.

G 12.2 An offer and acceptance may be expressed verbally, in writing or through any

other methods which could be evidenced by appropriate documentation or

record.

13. Asset

S 13.1    An asset to be placed in custody under a wadi`ah contract shall be an asset

that is deliverable and consistent with the principles of Shariah.

G 13.2 An asset placed in custody may be pledged by the safekeeping depositor to

the custodian or to any other party.

S 13.3 Pursuant to paragraph 13.2, the pledged asset shall observe the Shariah

requirements pertaining to rahn (pledge).

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REQUIREMENTS OF WADI’AH

14. Salient Features of Wadi’ah

S

14.1 An asset placed in custody is a trust given to the custodian for safekeeping.

The custodian shall return the asset placed in custody to the safekeeping

depositor upon the request of the safekeeping depositor or according to the

agreed terms of the wadi’ah contract.

G 14.2 The contracting parties may agree to specify the period of the wadi`ah

contract.

S

14.3 The custodian shall ensure the safety of the asset placed in custody and shall

act in the interest of the safekeeping depositor.

G

14.4 Methods of safekeeping may be determined by the contracting parties or may

be based on customary business practices (‘urf tijari) and the nature of the

asset placed in custody.

S

14.5 In the case of any loss or damage to the asset placed in custody, the

custodian shall not be held liable for such loss or damage except for the loss

or damage arising from custodian’s misconduct (ta`addi), negligence (taqsir)

or breach of specified terms (mukhalafah al-shurut).

S

14.6 A custodian shall not entrust the asset placed in his custody to a third party

without the permission of the safekeeping depositor. Otherwise, the custodian

shall be fully responsible for the asset should the asset be lost or damaged.

G 14.7 The permission to entrust the asset placed in custody to a third party may be

expressed by appropriate documentation or by any other methods which do

not contravene Shariah principles.

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S

14.8 All costs related to the asset placed in custody shall be borne by the

safekeeping depositor.

G 14.9 Notwithstanding paragraph 14.8, it is allowed for the contracting parties to

agree that the custodian bears the costs either wholly or partially.

ARRANGEMENT OF WADI’AH  WITH OTHER CONTRACTS OR CONCEPTS

15. Arrangement of Wadi`ah with Charges

G

15.1 The contracting parties may agree to a payment of charges in

consideration for the safekeeping service provided by the custodian.

S 15.2 Pursuant to paragraph 15.1, the relationship between the contracting

parties shall be governed by the principles of ijarah. Under this

principle, the custodian shall be fully responsible for the lost or damage

of the asset placed in custody unless the custodian proves that the loss

or damage has not been caused by his negligence, misconduct or

breach of specified terms.

16. Utilisation of the Money by the Custodian

S 16.1 In the event that a wadi`ah asset is a fungible asset (mal mithli) such

as money, whereby the custodian is allowed to utilise the asset, the

wadi`ah contract shall be construed as a qard contract and shall be

governed by the Shariah requirements pertaining to qard3.

3
 Separate guidelines will be issued to outline the Shariah requirements and operational requirements pertaining to

the qard contract.

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DISSOLUTION (FASAKH) AND COMPLETION (INTIHA’) OF WADI`AH

17. Dissolution of Wadi’ah contract

S

17.1 A wadi`ah contract is dissolved under the following circumstances:

(a) any of the contracting parties unilaterally terminates the contract;

(b) both contracting parties mutually agree to terminate the contract;

(c) any of the contracting parties unilaterally terminates the contract due to

misconduct (ta`addi), negligence (taqsir) or breach of specified terms

(mukhalafah al-shurut) of the contract by the other;

(d) demise or dissolution of either the custodian or the safekeeping

depositor;

(e) loss of legal capacity by any of the contracting parties; or

(f) the safekeeping depositor transfers the ownership of the asset placed

in custody to a third party.

18. Completion of Wadi’ah contract

S 18.1 A wadi`ah contract ends upon the maturity date as agreed by the contracting

parties.

19. Effects of Dissolution or Completion of Wadi’ah contract

S 19.1 Upon the dissolution or completion of the contract, the safekeeping depositor

shall be responsible for collecting the asset placed in custody.

S 19.2 For purposes of paragraph 17.1(d), in the event of the demise of a

safekeeping depositor, the legal heir(s) of the safekeeping depositor is

responsible to collect the asset placed in custody.

S 19.3 Pursuant to paragraph 19.2, the custodian shall not be responsible for

ensuring whether the legal heir has distributed the asset according to any

substantive law or law of distribution (fara’id).

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G 19.4 In the event that the safekeeping depositor or the legal heir(s) fails to collect

the asset placed in custody, the custodian may:

(a) charge a fee for the safekeeping service, provided that the fee is

mutually agreed by the safekeeping depositor and the custodian;

(b) charge the actual cost for the safekeeping service; or

(c) surrender the asset placed in custody to the relevant authorities.

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PART C OPERATIONAL REQUIREMENTS

The regulatory expectations set out in Part C emphasize on instituting effective policies

and procedures to facilitate governance and oversight, structuring, risk management as

well as business conduct and disclosure for a wadi`ah contract. The policy intent of

these operational requirements is to provide adequate safeguards to stakeholders’

interest, promote orderly implementation of business and risk management strategies

and drive the development of necessary systems, processes and control measures

while observing Shariah requirements.

20. Governance and Oversight

Principle 1: The IFI shall establish proper oversight arrangement, supported by

comprehensive internal policies and procedures to ensure wadi`ah transactions

are conducted using sound practices and comply with Shariah

Board of Directors

S

20.1 The board of directors (the Board) of the IFI shall ensure effective oversight

function by establishing a good governance structure to facilitate the

management and implementation of transactions under a wadi`ah contract.

The adequacy of governance shall be commensurate with the nature and risk

profile associated with the wadi`ah contract.

S 20.2 The Board shall ensure that-

(a) the IFI establishes its business strategies which include its risk

management capabilities, that is aligned with the application of

wadi`ah;

(b) adequate infrastructure are in place to implement the requirements of

the wadi’ah contract;

(c) relevant internal policies and procedures governing wadi`ah

transactions are established, approved and implemented at all times

by the IFI. Policies relating to Shariah matters must be approved by

the IFI’s Shariah committee. At a minimum, these internal policies

shall cover the following aspects:

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(i) asset descriptions;

(ii) fees and charges;

(iii) risk management; and

(iv) information disclosures.

(d) the internal policies and procedures are reviewed regularly by the IFI

in order to remain relevant, current and effective in managing the

overall operational conduct and risk profile of wadi`ah transactions;

and

(e) an independent review is conducted regularly by the IFI to assess its

compliance with policy documents specified by the Bank from time to

time and internal policies established by IFI.

Shariah Committee

    S

20.3     The Shariah committee of the IFI shall:

(a) validate and endorse that the terms and conditions stipulated in the

legal documentations and other relevant documents to ensure that

product manuals, marketing advertisements and brochures relating to

wadi’ah transactions are in compliance with Shariah;

(b) endorse internal policies and procedures governing the application of

wadi`ah and ensure that such policies and processes do not contain

elements which are inconsistent with Shariah; and

(c) perform the oversight role from the Shariah compliance aspect of

wadi’ah transactions through the Shariah review and Shariah audit

functions.

S

Senior Management

20.4 The senior management of the IFI shall:

(a) establish and implement internal policies and procedures governing

wadi`ah transactions which at minimum, must:

(i) outline the applicable legal documentations;

(ii) establish the accountabilities to perform the approval,

communication, compliance monitoring and review functions;

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(iii) outline the eligibility criteria of assets that qualify for wadi`ah

transactions;

(iv) establish risk management policies that are able to identify,

measure and mitigate risks inherent in wadi`ah transactions;

(v) outline procedures between the IFI’s arrangements with  third

parties in managing the wadi`ah assets;

(vi) outline parameters to determine expenditures that form part of

the wadi`ah safekeeping cost; and

(vii)    provide reference to applicable Shariah rulings.

(b) clearly communicate the approved internal policies and procedures

within the IFI, including Shariah decisions, to relevant stakeholders;

(c) review and monitor regulatory and Shariah compliance on the

approved internal policies and procedures; and

(d) establish and maintain an adequate mechanism that is able to

identify, measure, mitigate and monitor risks inherent in wadi`ah

transactions.

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21. Structuring

Principle 2: The IFI shall ensure that the structuring and implementation of

wadi`ah is supported by policies, processes and procedures, and the legal

documentation accurately reflect wadi’ah in accordance with Shariah

    S

21.1 The IFI shall ensure that the type of wadi`ah concept and its Shariah rulings

are appropriately applied in the IFI’s products or services.

G

S

S

S

Contracting Parties

21.2 The IFI may enter into a wadi`ah arrangement with an asset owner or

prospective customer. The arrangement shall come into effect upon the

owner’s or customer’s depositing of the asset with the IFI.

21.3 Where a third party is appointed by the IFI to safe keep the wadi’ah asset, the

IFI is required to obtain prior written consent from the customer. In this

instance, the obligation to safeguard the deposited asset continues to remain

with the IFI. For example, an IFI shall assess the third party’s capacity and

capability to properly safe keep the asset.

21.4 The IFI shall be held liable for any loss or damage of the asset where the

safekeeping service is charged. In this respect, the IFI shall have proper risk

controls, such as having takaful coverage on the asset.

21.5 In cases where the owner of the asset is a minor, the IFI shall obtain written

permission of the asset owner’s guardian before entering into a wadi`ah

contract with the minor. The IFI shall ensure that the guardian has the right to

act on behalf of the minor in operationalizing the wadi`ah contract.

S

Wadi`ah Asset

21.6 In structuring a wadi`ah contract, the IFI shall determine upfront the

underlying asset to be used and the IFI shall ensure that such asset meets

the criteria of a wadi`ah asset as set out in Part B (Shariah Requirements

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S

S

S

G

and Optional Practices)4.

21.7 For the purpose of paragraph 21.6, the Shariah Committee shall ascertain

whether the asset to be deposited by prospective customers is Shariah

compliant. In addition, such parameters ascertained by the IFI’s Shariah

Committee shall be reflected in the IFI’s internal policies. The IFI shall refer to

its Shariah Committee if there is a departure from the internal policies.

21.8 The IFI must ensure that the asset in its custody meets the purpose of the

wadi`ah transaction and is an asset which is non-perishable or non-

consumable in nature.

21.9 All wadi`ah assets must be clearly described and specified in the wadi`ah

legal documentation. At a minimum, the IFI must specify the following:

(a) nature or type of an asset; and

(b) conditions and specifications5 of the asset.

21.10 In the event where the details of an asset are uncertain, the IFI may refuse to

accept the asset without providing reasons.6

S 21.11   The IFI shall ensure that the safekeeping method adopted by the IFI or by a

party referred to in paragraph 21.3 takes into account the nature of the asset,

for example, its size and fragility, and such safekeeping method shall be pre-

agreed upon between the customer and the IFI prior to the execution of a

wadi’ah contract.

4
  In addition, the IFI may make further references to the list of Shariah non-compliant goods in the Guidelines on

Accepted Bills-i and Jabatan Kemajuan Islam Malaysia’s Halal Directory.
5
  Specification or identification of asset for non-monetary assets may be done by way of a Declaration Form at the

point of contract e.g. quantity, weight, material.
6
  For example, where a customer had given incomplete information on an asset.

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S

Offer and Acceptance

21.12    In establishing a wadi`ah contract, the IFI shall ensure that the offer and its

acceptance have to be expressed in writing7 and be clearly concluded

between the IFI and a customer.

S 21.13 The IFI shall also ensure that the nature of an offer and acceptance for the

purpose of a wadi’ah contract satisfies the criteria set out in Part B (Shariah

Requirements and Optional Practices).

S

S

S

Costs and Expenses

21.14 Where the IFI provides safekeeping services to customers, the IFI shall

establish internal policies and procedures to determine the cost allocation of

the safekeeping service.

21.15 The costs and expenses related to the safekeeping of assets shall be borne

by the customers in the form of safekeeping charges. The safekeeping

charges shall be pre-agreed upon between the customer and the IFI prior to

the execution of a wadi’ah contract.

21.16 In relation to paragraph 14.9, the IFI may structure a wadi’ah arrangement

that transfers the cost fully or partially to the IFI and the IFI shall make the

costs transparent to the customer.

S

Documentation

21.17 The IFI shall develop a complete set of legal documentation8 for wadi’ah

contracts that complies with Shariah as well as “Know-Your-Customer”

requirements.

S

21.18 The IFI shall clearly clarify the rights and obligations of parties to the wadi`ah

contract. This would include details on the IFI’s liability for any loss or

7
  This is to avoid legal risk as well as to safeguard the interests of the customer.

8
  Refer to Appendix 3 for the general guidance on documentation to the customer.

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damage to the deposited asset and the submission of the customer’s

declaration to the IFI that the deposited assets are Shariah compliant.

S 21.19 The IFI shall sufficiently clarify any Arabic terminology related to wadi’ah to

enable prospective customers to understand the Shariah concept relating to

wadi’ah.

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22. Risk Management

Principle 3: The IFI shall institute and implement a sound and comprehensive

risk management system to effectively manage risks throughout a wadi`ah

contract

S 22.1 The IFI shall establish appropriate internal policies and procedures, at

minimum, on the following:

(a) process and procedures for identification, assessment, measurement,

monitoring, mitigation, control and reporting of risk exposures

associated with wadi`ah contracts;

(b) procedures for acceptance of assets;

(c) proper marketing strategy and consumer and market conduct;

(d) clear processes and procedures for the exit mechanism; and

(e) policies and procedures which are in line with regulatory policies

stipulated in relevant policy documents on risk management specified

by the Bank.

S 22.2 For purposes of establishing policies and procedures under paragraph 22.1(a),

the IFI shall establish systems and internal controls that address risks

consistent with its risk appetite throughout a wadi`ah contract which include the

following:

(a) identification and assessment – identify, measure and assess all

relevant risks inherent in wadi`ah transactions;

(b) risk mitigation – undertake an appropriate risk mitigation technique9 to

minimise losses;

(c) monitoring – establish safekeeping systems and procedures to monitor

and properly maintain assets to ensure the IFI’s obligation to return the

asset can be fulfilled at any time as required by the customer; and

(d) reporting – establish an appropriate and timely reporting mechanism.

9
  For instance, the IFI may provide takaful coverage for safe deposit box services rendered to a customer under a

wadi`ah contract to mitigate the IFI from potential losses arising from any damage to the customer’s wadi’ah
asset held by the IFI.

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23. Business Conduct and Disclosure

 Principle 4: The IFI shall be honest and fair in all its statements, treat its

customers fairly, ensure that its operations are governed by an effective system

of Shariah governance, and carries its business in a transparent, responsible

and professional manner

S

General Principles

23.1 The IFI shall establish internal policies and procedures on proper business

conduct when dealing with customers with respect to wadi`ah transactions to

ensure that it is being fair and transparent, and conduct its business in a

professional manner and in compliance with Shariah.

S 23.2 The internal policies and procedures on the business conduct of the IFI for

wadi`ah transactions shall include the requirements on disclosure of information

to its customers. Such disclosures of information shall be made prior to, and at

the point of, entering into a wadi’ah contract and shall be clear, timely and

accurate.

S

Fair Dealings

23.3 The IFI shall conduct in a fair and transparent manner when it undertakes the

marketing and offering of wadi`ah contracts.

S 23.4 The IFI shall exercise due care and diligence throughout the tenure of a wadi`ah

product.

S

Information Disclosure

23.5 The IFI shall provide adequate and accurate information to prospective

customers with regard to its wadi`ah product. At a minimum, information to be

disclosed shall include the following:

(a) comprehensive description of the wadi`ah product, namely the

contractual relationship between the asset owner and custodian;

(b) overview of the wadi’ah transaction structure;

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(c) roles, responsibilities, rights and obligations of contracting parties;

(d) key terms and conditions of the wadi’ah contract;

(e) features of the wadi’ah product; and

(f) applicable fees and charges.

S 23.6 The IFI shall also ensure that sufficient effort has been given in ensuring the

prospective customers clearly understand the concept, terms and conditions of

a wadi`ah contract.

Financial Disclosure

S 23.7 The IFI shall maintain all records relating to its wadi`ah products including the

safekeeping and transaction records. These internal records must be updated

regularly and should be available for inspection by the Bank and/or external

auditors as and when required from time to time.

Question 1

Please list your IFI’s products and/or services that apply the contracts of wadi’ah yad

amanah and wadi’ah yad amanah with charges.

Question 2

For takaful operators, what would be the specific takaful requirements on the

implementation of the wadi`ah contract?

Question 3

With reference to paragraph 16, products and services involving utilisation of money

that previously adopts wadi’ah yad dhamanah shall be required to adopt the qard

contract. What would be the implementation issues that your IFI may face and the

appropriate time required to make necessary changes (if any).

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APPENDICES

24. Appendix 1  Legitimacy of Wadi`ah

 24.1 The legitimacy of wadi`ah is derived from the Quran and founded on the

Sunnah of Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) and the consensus of

Muslim jurists (ijma`).

The Quran

24.2 Although the concept of wadi`ah is not specifically mentioned in the Quran, the

concept of trustworthiness, which is an important feature of wadi`ah, is

expressed in several places in the Quran. The word “trust” or “amanah” is used

in the Quran to indicate the importance of fulfilling all types of trust including

that of safekeeping (wadi`ah) and returning the amanah when it is due.

 24.3 The following Quran verses imply the general permissibility of wadi`ah.

i. ََِدِهمَ َِِلََمانَاِِتِمَ َُهمَ ََوالَِّذين  .ََرَاُعونََوَعه

“Those who are true to their trusts and pledges” (Surah al-Mu’minun,

verse 8).

ii. ِلَها َأَه  ََمانَاِتَِإََلٰ َ.ِإنََّاللَـَّهَيَأ ُمرُُكم َأَنَتـَُؤدُّواَاِل

“Truly, Allah commands you to hand back your trusts to the (rightful)

owners” (Surah al-Nisaa’, verse 58).

iii. ََُأَِمَنَبـَع ُضُكمَبـَع ًضاَفـَل يـَُؤدَِّالَِّذيَاؤ ُتَُِنَأََمانـََته ََََََََ.فَِإن

“But if any of you entrusts another with a pledge (without a document

of contract, witnesses or things produced as pledges of security), let

the trustee deliver up that which is entrusted to him to its owner”

                              (Surah al-Baqarah, verse 283).

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The Sunnah of Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him)

24.4 The following hadiths imply the general permissibility of wadi`ah.

i. َرسولَاهللَ قالتَ:َوأمرَتعينَ-صلىَاهللَعليهَوسلمَ-عنَعائشةَيفَهجرةَالنيب-

علياَرضىَاهللَعنهَأنَيتخلفَعنهَمبكةَحىتَيؤدىَعنََ-صلىَاهللَعليهَوسلم

َكانتَعندهَللناس.َالودائعَاليتَ-صلىَاهللَعليهَوسلم-اهللَرسولَ

`Aishah reported that on the occasion of the Prophet’s migration to Medina,

“The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) asked `Ali (may Allah be

pleased with him) to take his place in Makkah in order to deliver the deposited

things to their owners” (al-Sunan al-Kubra 6/289, Hadith No. 12696).

ii. أدَاِلمانةَإَلَمنَائتمنكَوالََ:عنَأيبَهريرةَعنَالنيبَصلىَاهللَعليهَوسلمَقال

  ختنَمنَخانك.
Abu-Hurairah reported that Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) said:

“Return the trust to those who entrusted you, and do not betray those who

betrayed you” (Sunan Abu Dawud, 3/290, Hadith no. 3535).

The Consensus of Muslim Jurists (ijma`)

24.5 Muslim jurists have reached ijma` (consensus) on the permissibility of wadi`ah.

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25. Appendix 2  Glossary

Terms Definition

Amanah Trusteeship.

Fara’id The knowledge or rules on estate distribution

according to the Islamic principles.

Ijma` Consensus of Muslim jurists.

Mal Mithli Fungible asset refers to a comparable or

interchangeable assets that are valued or treated as

the same class of assets.

Mudi` Safekeeping depositor.

Mukhalafah al-shurut Breach of specified terms.

Qard Contract of lending a fungible asset to a borrower who

is bound to return an equivalent replacement.

Rahn Pledge/Charge.

Ta`addi Misconduct.

Taqsir Negligence.

`Urf tijari Customary business practices which are acceptable by

the community and does not contradict Shariah rulings.

Wadi` Custodian.

Wadi`ah yad amanah Safekeeping based on trusteeship.

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26. Appendix 3  General Guidance on Documentation to Customer

26.1    At a minimum, the documentation shall clearly stipulate the following:

(a) nature of wadi`ah contract;

(b) rights and obligations of contracting parties to a wadi`ah contract;

(c) applicable fees and charges;

(d) any prohibitions on assets deposited (i.e. a restriction on liquid forms of

assets or explosive contents);

(e) arrangements in the event of customer’s death or bankruptcy;

(f) arrangements in the event of dissolution or completion of the wadi`ah

contract; and

(g) any takaful arrangements in protecting the deposited asset.

27. Appendix 4  Related Legal and Policy Documents

27.1 This policy document shall be read together with the following legal instrument

and policy documents, where applicable:

(a) Shariah Advisory Council (SAC) rulings published by the Bank10;

(b) Shariah Governance Framework for Islamic Financial Institutions;

(c) Guidelines on Corporate Governance for Licensed Islamic Banks;

(d) Guidelines on Corporate Governance for Development Financial

Institutions;

(e) Risk Governance;

(f) Guidelines on Product Transparency and Disclosure;

(g) Guidelines on Financial Reporting for Islamic Banking Institutions;

(h) Guidelines on Financial Reporting for Development Financial Institutions;

(i) Guidelines on Financial Reporting for Takaful Operators;

(j) Guidelines on Imposition of Fees and Charges on Financial Products and

Services; and

(k) Guidelines on Outsourcing.

10

  Including Shariah resolutions in Islamic Finance, standards, circulars and/or any directive pertaining to Shariah

matters issued by the Bank.