society freedom jealousy mead attributed samoans incidence jealousy may vary across cultures jealousy remains cultural universal nonetheless changes attitudes late jealousy mdash particularly sexual jealousy mdash come seen irrational shameful quarters particularly among advocates free love ref name clanton clanton g jealousy american culture reflections popular literature tc hood ed contemporary studies sociology pp greenwich cn jai press ref advocates practitioners non exclusive sexual relationships believing


aside accounting academia practice valuing different skills requirements variety factors proposed divide one view lack training reading academic research may lead practicing accountants dismiss could helpful information either complicated disconnected useful ref name gp another view points fundamental failures academic research business economics general example researchers failed effectively question prevailing economic business models ref name acca types academic accounting research

Applied science
Business
Accounting
Accounting research


'' 'schedule''' '''timetable''' basic time management tool consists list times possible tasks events actions intended take place sequence events chronological order things intended take place process creating schedule deciding order tasks commit resources variety possible tasks called '' 'scheduling''' ref name zwikael ofer zwikael john smyrk ''project management creation organisational value'' p process called scheduling output

Applied science
Transportation
Operations research
Scheduling


non invasive way allows conservators conservation scientists determine exactly analysis would required whether subject study able withstand rigorous examination additionally since goal conservation restoration minimum required preservation initial assessment falls line american institute conservation aic code ethics ref name ref outlines best practice conservators scientists alike along assessing current state potential risk future deterioration artworks objects scientific study may necessary determine

Applied science
Library and museum studies
Conservation science


dry ref name relative humidity ref material properties determine affect different levels rh particular item organic materials like wood paper leather well inorganic material like metals susceptible damage incorrect rh ref name nps ref damage ranges physical changes like cracking warping organic materials chemical reactions like corrosion metals ref name relative humidity temperature direct effect relative humidity warm air cools relative humidity increases cool air warms relative humidity falls ref name relative humidity dampness cause growth mold


formalised richard goodwin growth cycle ref name scre zam ref paper published centenary year ''capital volume i'' resolve bourgeois contradiction ownership means production social act production marx proposed socialization means production remove disturbances capitalist economy marx postulated rational management economy would replace chaotic market forces driven sum individual preferences ref name methodology marx used dialectics method adapted works georg wilhelm friedrich

Social science
Economics
Marxian economics


profit whether rate profit capitalism marx predicted tended fall subject debate n okishio devised theorem okishio 's theorem showing capitalists pursue cost cutting techniques real wage rise rate profit must rise inconsistency allegations prominent feature marxian economics debate surrounding since large part criticism marxian economics comes contradictions observed countries declaring allegiance marxist economical political doctrine th century analyzation


widespread scarcity goods countries prevalence second economies black markets basic goods coining term shortage economy dembinsky pointed inconsistent approach marx determining labor value central concept labor theory value led significant decline effectiveness economies ref name ref relevance economics according economists george stigler robert solow marxist economics relevant modern economics virtually impact represent small minority modern economists ref name stigler ref irrelevant dead end neo marxian economics terms neo marxian


highly compensated surgical specialties united states average annual income sub specialties class wikitable style text align center font weight bold vertical align top style width px height head neck oncologic surgery style width px facial plastic reconstructive surgery style width otology style width px neurotology style width px rhinology sinus anterior skull base surgery style width laryngology voice disorders style width pediatric otorhinolaryngology style width sleep medicine style text align center vertical align top style height surgical oncology facial cosmetic surgery ear middle inner ear sinusitis voice disorders velopalatine insufficiency sleep disorders style text align center vertical align top

Applied science
Medicine and health
Otolaryngology


facial palsy bell 's palsy facial nerve tumors ramsay hunt syndrome symptoms hearing loss tinnitus subjective noise ear aural fullness sense fullness ear otalgia pain referring ear otorrhea fluid draining ear vertigo imbalance rhinology rhinology includes nasal dysfunction sinus diseases nasal obstruction nasal septum deviation sinusitis acute chronic environmental allergies rhinitis pituitary tumor empty nose syndrome severe recurrent epistaxis pediatric otorhinolaryngology adenoidectomy caustic ingestion cricotracheal resection decannulation laryngomalacia laryngotracheal reconstruction myringotomy tubes obstructive sleep apnea pediatric tonsillectomy laryngology dysphonia hoarseness laryngitis reinke 's edema vocal cord nodules polyps


operation done patients see otorhinolaryngologist microvascular reconstruction repair surgical procedure involves moving composite piece tissue patient 's body moves head neck microvascular head neck reconstruction used treat head neck cancers including larynx pharynx oral cavity salivary glands jaws calvarium sinuses tongue skin tissue common moved procedure arms legs back come skin bone fat muscle procedure


knowledge cultures overcoming barriers understanding cognitive aspects spatial relations represent computational models example might geographic meaning might well explained using words might differences understanding spatial information explained verbally instead non verbal form questions cognitive geographers deal include influence scale information provided maps difference view geographic knowledge differently different sources example text based map based real world experience typical

Social science
Geography
Human geography
Cognitive geography


systems considered logics strict sense instead non logical formal systems ref name jacquette ref name haacklogics suggested criteria distinction include logical completeness proximity intuitions governing classical logic according criteria argued example higher order logics fuzzy logic considered ''logics'' understood strict sense ref name haacklogics ref name hintikka formal informal logic logic studied formally informally formal approach one abstracts away content looking patterns arise form alone instance formal rule


infinite georg cantor source many challenging important issues mathematical logic cantor 's theorem status axiom choice question independence continuum hypothesis modern debate large cardinal axioms recursion theory captures idea computation logical arithmetic terms classical achievements undecidability entscheidungsproblem alan turing presentation church turing thesis ref name theory computation formal languages automata complexity today recursion theory mostly concerned


premises merely evidence conclusion inductive argument ''victoria tall'' ''tall people generally good basketball'' ''therefore victoria good basketball'' ''abductive reasoning'' involves reasoning likely explanation abductive argument ''victoria tall'' ''victoria brown hair'' ''therefore victoria must tall brown haired ancestor '' logical truth proposition logically true truth depends logical vocabulary used means true interpretations non logical terms modal


proof system cannot derive conclusion set premises unless semantically entailed words proof system cannot lead false conclusions defined semantics system ''complete'' proof system derive every conclusion semantically entailed premises words proof system lead true conclusion defined semantics thus soundness completeness together describe system whose notions validity entailment line perfectly important metalogical properties include ''consistency'' ' 'decidability'' ''expressive power''


informal inference ref name brandom rejection logical truth philosophical vein various kinds skepticism contains many kinds doubt rejection various bases logic rests idea logical form correct inference meaning sometimes leading conclusion logical truths contrast usual views philosophical skepticism logic directs skeptical enquiry doubt received wisdoms work sextus empiricus friedrich nietzsche provides strong example rejection usual basis logic radical rejection


name oed ref comes latin ''militaris'' latin ''miles'' meaning soldier french uncertain etymology one suggestion derived ''mil '' going body mass noun military usually refers generally country 's armed forces sometimes specifically senior officers command ref name oed ref name webster ref general refers physicality armed forces personnel equipment physical area occupy adjective military originally referred soldiers soldiering soon broadened apply land forces general

Applied science
Military sciences
Strategy
Defensive


military largely based recorded oral history military conflicts war participating armies navies recently air forces organization example military command map united states' unified combatant command 's area responsibility personnel units despite growing importance military technology military activity depends people example british army declared man still first weapon war caption ref label type data type bar width width units


nonacademic high school programs men whose high school grades tended low ref name however study released socio economic backgrounds us armed forces personnel suggests parity slightly higher civilian population respect socio economic indicators parental income parental wealth cognitive abilities study found technological tactical operational doctrinal changes led change demand personnel furthermore study suggests disadvantaged socio economic groups less likely meet requirements modern us military


justify reference usually rely support outside national militaries also use terms conceal mi true capabilities impress potential ideological recruits military intelligence representatives participate execution national defence policy important becomes first respondent commentator policy expected strategic goal compared realities identified threats intelligence reporting compared policy becomes possible national leadership consider allocating resources officers subordinates military


use combat purchase concepts methods systems create forces structure would use concepts methods systems effectively efficiently integrate concepts methods systems force structure providing military education training practice preferably resembles combat environment intended use create military logistics systems allow continued uninterrupted performance military organizations combat conditions including provision health services personnel maintenance equipment services assist recovery wounded personnel repair damaged equipment finally post conflict demobilization disposal war


personal judgement commentators military historians use forces level organization strategic tactical called operational mobility science concepts methods used military many systems found commercial branches much material researched designed developed offered inclusion arsenals military science organizations within overall structure military military scientists therefore found interact arms services armed forces levels military hierarchy command although


whole component elements armies navies air forces army groups naval fleets large numbers aircraft military strategy long term projection belligerents' policy broad view outcome implications including outside concerns military command military strategy concerned supply war planning management field forces combat scope strategic military planning span weeks often months even years ref name p dupuy dutch civilians celebrating arrival canadian corps utrecht


significant impact strategic level concept pioneered german army prior second world war level planning duration activities takes one week month executed field armies army corps naval air equivalents ref name p dupuy tactical victory military tactics concerns methods engaging defeating enemy direct combat military tactics usually used units hours days focused specific close proximity tasks objectives squadrons companies


seminal book ''on war'' prussian major general leading expert modern military strategy carl von clausewitz defined military strategy 'the employment battles gain end war' according clausewitz blockquote strategy forms plan war end links together series acts lead final decision say makes plans separate campaigns regulates combats fought blockquote hence clausewitz placed political aims military goals ensuring civilian control military military


fire wheel use construction chariot advances military technology mechanical arm action slinger greeks egyptians romans persians chinese etc developed siege engines bow manufactured increasingly larger powerful versions increase weapon range armour penetration performance developed powerful composite recurve bows crossbows ancient china proved particularly useful rise cavalry horsemen encased ever sophisticated armour came dominate battlefield somewhat earlier


civil defense civilian control military command control conscription court martial deterrence theory martial arts martial law mercenary militaria military academy military advisor military aid military aid civil community macc military aid civil power macp military alliance military dictatorship military district military engineering military exercise military fiat military incompetence military junta military meteorology military operations war military police military prison military revolution military sociology military terminology military industrial complex militarization police militia ministry defence mobilization police private military company recruit training staff military standing army weapon armed forces world


life cycle readiness willingness change per transtheoretical model behavior change ttm addition ongoing education motivation support provided part financial social work package thereby maximizing likelihood optimal results ref name wolfsohn ref name xiao professional development historically majority undergraduate graduate social work programs included financial literacy courses personal finances ref name despard chowa changing due nearly two thirds university program survey participants interested developing expanding student competency financial capability university

Social science
Social work
Financial social work


intact ref name ref methods occupational toxicology uses methods common forms toxicology animal testing used identify adverse effects establish acceptable exposure levels well studying mechanism action dose response relationship number ''in vitro'' alternatives animal testing number specific cases predicting skin sensitizers potential eye injuries well quantitative structure activity relationship models sometimes controlled human challenge studies performed cases risk volunteers negligible used verify whether results

Applied science
Medicine and health
Occupational toxicology


greater bargaining power employees industrial relations scholarship also assumes least inherent conflicts interest employers employees example higher wages versus higher profits thus contrast scholarship human resource management organizational behaviour conflict seen natural part employment relationship industrial relations scholars therefore frequently study diverse institutional arrangements characterize shape employment relationship norms power structures shop floor employee voice mechanisms workplace collective bargaining arrangements company regional national level various

Applied science
Business
Industrial and labor relations


relations labour research robert f hoxie early financial support field came john rockefeller jr supported progressive labour management relations aftermath bloody strike rockefeller owned coal mine colorado britain another progressive industrialist montague burton endowed chairs industrial relations universities leeds cardiff cambridge beginning early rapid increase membership trade unions united states came frequent sometimes violent labour management conflict second world war suppressed


free markets practice trade unions declining fewer companies industrial relations functions number academic programs industrial relations therefore shrinking fields human resource management organizational behaviour grow importance work however stronger ever lessons industrial relations remain vital challenge industrial relations establish connections broader academic policy business worlds theoretical perspectives industrial relations scholars alan fox described three major theoretical perspectives frameworks contrast understanding analysis


made divergent sub groups legitimate interests loyalties set objectives leaders particular two predominant sub groups pluralist perspective management trade unions pluralist perspective also supports conflict inherent dealing industrial relations since different sub groups different opinions day day operations consequently role management would lean less towards enforcing controlling toward persuasion coordination trade unions deemed legitimate representatives employees conflict resolved collective bargaining viewed necessarily


broadcasts poetry political speeches throughout arab world ref name language every child primary school learns read write diverse language arabic poetic traditions precise language theologians theologians internet knowledge arabic provides opportunity connect people throughout middle east providing access richness passion contemporary arab world arabic way explore nearly centuries one sophisticated diverse rich intellectual traditions world ref name meforum ref culture society culture society

Social science
Sociology
Area studies
Arab studies


carolina incidents life slave girl another southern born ex slave william wells brown wrote ''clotel president 's daughter'' widely believed first novel ever published african american book depicts life title character daughter thomas jefferson black mistress struggles slavery lost cause years second half th century south lost civil war suffered many white southerners considered harsh occupation called reconstruction place anti tom literature came poetry novels

Humanities
Languages and literature
Southern Literature


william faulkner katherine anne porter caroline gordon allen tate thomas wolfe robert penn warren tennessee williams among others distance southern renaissance authors american civil war slavery objective writings south southern poetry thrived vanderbilt fugitives nonfiction hl mencken 's popularity increased nationwide shocked astounded readers satiric writing highlighting inability south produce anything cultural value reaction mencken 's essay sahara bozart southern agrarians also based


''let us praise famous men'' james agee ''the sound fury'' william faulkner ''mind south'' wilbur cash ''look homeward angel'' thomas wolfe ''to kill mockingbird'' harper lee ''the color purple'' alice walker ''their eyes watching god'' zora neale hurston ''absalom absalom '' william faulkner ''lanterns levee'' william alexander percy


reformation ref name baptist theologians see also baptists history separation church state list baptist confessions references christian belief doctrine beliefs

Humanities
Theology
Christian theology
Baptist theology


designers must simulate across multiple fabrication process corners chip certified ready production use system level techniques dealing effects variation '''stricter design rules''' due lithography etch issues scaling design rule checking layout become increasingly stringent designers must keep mind ever increasing list rules laying custom circuits overhead custom design reaching tipping point many design houses opting switch electronic design automation eda tools automate design process '''timing design closure''' clock frequencies tend

Formal science
Computer science
VLSI design


rehabilitation psychology specialty council rpsc https wwwcospporg rehabilitation psychology comprises five professional organizations represent major constituencies rehabilitation psychology division http wwwdiv org american psychological association american board rehabilitation psychology abrp https abpporg applicant information specialty boards rehabilitation psychologyaspx foundation rehabilitation psychology frp http wwwdiv org foundation rehab psych council rehabilitation psychology postdoctoral training programs crpptp http wwwdiv org crpptp overview academy rehabilitation psychology arp rpsc represents specialty council specialties professional psychology cos https wwwcospporg rehabilitation psychology official journal rehabilitation psychology certified one specialty competencies american board professional psychology abpp history specialty rehabilitation psychology established

Social science
Psychology
Rehabilitation psychology


research program development ref name ref result act many universities opened vocational rehabilitation counseling programs within graduate schools rehabilitation psychology established division american psychological association organization psychologists concerned psychological social consequences disability development ways prevent resolve problems associated disability ref name ref rehabilitation psychology considered mature specialty prominent throughout united states ref name however american board professional psychology approved establishment


nuances impaired cognitive abilities within context personality emotional factors rehabilitation psychologists uniquely qualified provide interventions cognitive psychosocial difficulties following brain injury cognitive rehabilitation interventions used people sustained brain injury stroke brain tumor parkinson 's disease multiple sclerosis mild cognitive impairment adhd variety medical conditions affect cognitive functioning cognitive functions targeted may include processing speed attention memory language visual perceptual skills executive functioning skills problem solving emotional self regulation cognitive rehabilitation include computer based tasks tasks effective


establishment american board rehabilitation psychology ref name subsequently board elaborated guidelines requiring board certification assesses individual expected competencies'''''' ref name expected competencies capability assess treat disability adjustment cognitive functioning personality functioning family functioning social environment social functioning educational functioning vocational functioning recreational functioning sexual functioning substance abuse pain ref name addition displaying competencies rehabilitation psychologists expected collaborate consult rehabilitation professionals within interdisciplinary team throughout treatment process ref name abrp board


studied collective behavior crowds concluded individual submerges crowd behavior becomes primitive irrational therefore capable spontaneous violence transformation happens certain conditions individuals submerge crowd gain sense ''anonymity'' causes believe cannot held accountable behavior within crowd combined sense ''invisibility'' part crowd conditions critical reasoning impossible ''unconscious personality'' emerges personality

Social science
Sociology
Sociology of social movements


structural concept leaving meanings emotions agency charles tilly number scholars responded often vituperatively ''the art moral protest'' jasper also argued strategic interaction important logic independent culture structure followed claim ''getting way strategic dilemmas real life'' developed vocabulary studying strategic engagement cultural emotional agentic way theory action moved closer pragmatism symbolic interactionism period wisconsin social theorist mustafa


fit exhibition colspan style background yellow pg colspan style background black color white rowspan style text align left mexico colspan style background white rowspan colspan style background purple color white b rowspan colspan style background purple color white b colspan style background black color white c rowspan style background white color black n colspan style background white colspan style background white n colspan style background black color white style text align left netherlands colspan style background white al colspan style background red color white colspan style background red color white colspan style background red color white colspan style background red color white colspan style background black

Applied science
Library and museum studies
Classification
Film classification


russia colspan style background white colspan style background purple color white colspan style background purple color white colspan style background purple color white colspan style background black color white style background black color white refused classification rowspan style text align left saudi arabia colspan style background white g colspan style background black color white r rowspan colspan style background black color white r rowspan colspan style background black color white r rowspan colspan style background white color black n colspan style background yellow color black pg colspan style background red color white pg rowspan style text align left singapore colspan style background white g rowspan colspan style background purple color white pg


sale hire country cannot legally imported films rated rc content high impact exceeds guidelines films intended inform educate instruct concerned sport religion music exempt classification provided contain material would result rating higher submitted classification austria motion pictures rated austrian board media classification abmc federal ministry education arts culture bundesministerium f r unterricht kunst und kultur recommendations made abmc generally


brazilian ministry justice ''minist rio da justi a'' must always accompanied adult guard anyone film 's minimum age watch accompanied allowed parent guardian least years old except rated allowed teenagers aged unlike many countries classind legal right ban demand cuts refuse rate film classind uses following system '''er especialmente recomendado para crian as''' especially recommended children '''l livre''' general ''' n recomendado para menores


wide range rating categories practices various provinces however seven rating systems exception quebec use categories logos derived canadian home video rating system chvrs ref name canada classification boards ref classifications used outside quebec image chvrs gpng alt g image chvrs pgpng alt pg image chvrs apng alt image chvrs apng alt image chvrs rpng alt r image chvrs epng footer canadian home video ratings used outside


month state administration press publication radio film television 's film chief mr zhang hongsen said inaccurate media label guideline minors manual euphemistic classification misinterpretation interpretation new law colombia june ministry culture issued new rating system classifications '''t''' general audiences ''' ''' advisory ''' ''' advisory ''' ''' restricted ''' ''' restricted '''x''' pornographic content '''prohibited''' contains elements incite advocate crime denmark denmark media council children young people currently rates films films


minor years younger age limit permitted see film cinema accompanied adult except rated films films age rating may contain additional marker violence sex fear substance abuse ratings follows '''s''' finnish '''t''' swedish ages ''' ''' years ''' ''' years ''' ''' years ''' ''' prohibited children years age france prior showing theatres distribution certificate must obtained ministry


cut ban distribution film jamaica film classification jamaica requirement cinematograph act also established cinematograph authority '''g general audiences ''' appropriate ages '''pg''' applied occasionally '''pg ''' children years must accompanied parent guardian '''t ''' teenagers admitted company adult '''a ''' one age years admitted japan japanese film rating regulator known full name film classification system films classified


state institution ministry culture lithuania film approved public exhibition receives one ratings based content '''v''' released ages full name classification visi means '''n ''' released age children aged may admitted adult supervision '''n ''' released age children aged may admitted adult supervision '''n ''' released age one admitted '''n ''' released age one


admitted malaysia historically film censorship malaysia carried police theatre ordinance film censorship board lpf created censor films distributed across malaysia accordance cinematograph films act later film censorship act malaysia 's motion picture rating system introduced initially classifying films either general audiences ''tontonan umum'' adults ''untuk orang dewasa sahaja'' classifications changed u four different categories mid april four categories deprecated


''' ''' years absolute lower limit media authority power ban films must classify films consider contravene norwegian criminal law philippines rating labels used philippines philippines motion pictures along television programs rated movie television review classification board special agency office president board uses six classification ratings '''g''' general audiences viewers ages admitted '''pg''' parental guidance viewers years old must accompanied parent


age prohibited '''r ''' audiences age prohibited singapore film classification singapore introduced july comes jurisdiction board film censors bfc currently part infocomm media development authority imda three ratings originally g general pg parental guidance r restricted years prior films either approved effectively banned since several alterations ratings years september restricted artistic r rating introduced


really happen others biblical narratives abraham moses joshua solomon probably reflect historical memories people places larger life portraits bible unrealistic contradicted archaeological evidence ref dever criticized copenhagen school radicalism far biblical literalist thinks purpose biblical archaeology simply support discredit biblical narrative field study right ref name levyschneider ref materials methods manuscripts canons bible exists

Humanities
History
Ancient history
Biblical history


deeper order purpose divined modern era focus biblical history also diversified project biblical archaeology associated wf albright sought validate historicity events narrated bible ancient texts material remains near east ref name isbn ref specific focus compared expansive view history described archaeologist william dever discussing role discipline interpreting biblical record dever pointed multiple histories within bible including history


history artifacts correlates changes human behaviour sharply differing perspectives relationship narrative history theological meaning present special challenge assessing historicity bible supporters biblical literalism deny biblical infallibility inerrancy limited spiritual religious redemptive themes exclusive assertions fields history science deny scientific hypotheses earth history may properly used overturn teaching scripture creation flood ref name isbn ref history specifically biblical history context appears mean definitive finalized


framework events actions comfortingly familiar shared facts like omniscient medieval chronicle shorn alternative accounts psychological interpretations literary pretensions prominent scholars expressed diametrically opposing views blockquote stories promise given patriarchs genesis historical intend historical rather historically determined expressions israel israel 's relationship god given forms legitimate time truth lies facticity historicity ability express reality israel experienced ref name thompson ref blockquote modern professional


reformation brought actual texts much wider audience combined growing climate intellectual ferment th century start age enlightenment threw harsh sceptical spotlight traditional claims protestant england philosopher thomas hobbes major work ''leviathan'' denied mosaic authorship pentateuch identified joshua judges samuel kings chronicles written long events purported describe conclusions rested internal textual evidence argument resonates modern debates noted


works hands yet found single trace among remnants former world entombed deposits blockquote left first man putative descendants awkward position stripped historical context charles darwin naturalized garden eden publication ''on origin species'' public acceptance scientific revolution time uneven since grown significantly mainstream scholarly community soon arrived consensus holds today genesis highly schematic


sign source title various forms become commonplace contemporary criticismthe dramatic shifts study patriarchs matriarchs occurred illustrated quotations two works history israel separated several decades history originally written john bright asserted abraham isaac jacob clan chiefs actually lived second millennium bc bible 's narrative accurately reflects times refers tells lives patriarchs add nothing sup sup


assessing situation scholarship four decades later william dever concluded century exhaustive investigation respectable archaeologists given hope recovering context would make abraham isaac jacob credible 'historical figures' sup sup john bright ''a history israel'' th ed louisville westminster john knox p william g dever ''what biblical writers know know archaeology tell us reality ancient israel'' grand rapids eerdmans p historical figures literary creations later period


abraham patriarchs real individuals could placed context proven archaeological record discoveries made anticipated finds failed materialise became apparent archaeology fact support claims made albright followers following albright 's death interpretation patriarchal age came increasing criticism dissatisfaction marked culmination publication ''the historicity patriarchal narratives'' thomas l thompson ''abraham history tradition'' john van seters thompson literary scholar argued


stating israelites dwelled egypt years exodus including place names goshen gen pithom ramesses exod well stating israelite men involved exodus book numbers states number israelites desert wandering including first borns modern estimates put million total israelites clearly fanciful number could never supported sinai desert geography vague regions goshen unidentified internal problems dating


eighteenth nineteenth dynasties elements egyptian folklore culture exodus narrative names moses aaron phinehas seem egyptian origin scholarly estimates many people could involved exodus range hundred thousand people deuteronomistic history many scholars believe deuteronomist deuteronomistic history deuteronomistic history preserved elements ancient texts oral tradition including geo political socio economic realities certain information historical figures events however large portions legendary contains many anachronisms ref name mazar conquest


narrative joshua judges major issue historicity debate narrative israelite conquest canaan described joshua judges american albright school asserted biblical narrative conquest would affirmed archaeological record indeed much th century archaeology appeared support biblical narrative including excavations beitin identified bethel tel ed duweir identified lachish hazor jericho ref name finkelsteinsilberman ref name oeane ref however flaws conquest narrative appeared high profile example fall jericho excavated john garstang ref name finkelsteinsilberman garstang


agree ben tor 's theory claimed burning result city 's numerous factions opposing excessive force biblical scholar richard elliot friedman university georgia argues israelites destroy hazor destruction fits better account book judges prophetess deborah defeats king hazor books samuel books samuel considered based historical legendary sources primarily serving fill gap israelite history events described deuteronomy battles involving


gargantuan troop called samuel battle casualties samuel reference kushite paramilitary servants clearly giving evidence date kushites common th dynasty egypt period last quarter th century bce ref name isbn ref united monarchy much focus modern criticism historicity united monarchy israel according hebrew bible ruled judea samaria around th century bce thomas l thompson leading minimalist scholar


biblical scholarship two opposing schools strongly disapproved non fundamentalist biblical scholars attempt conservative christians portray field bipolar argument one side correct recently difference maximalist minimalist reduced new school started work ''the quest historical israel debating archaeology history early israel'' israel finkelstein amihai mazar brian b schmidt ref name r school argues post processual archaeology enables us recognize existence middle ground minimalism maximalism


institution led use term copenhagen school effect biblical minimalism onward debate two points view biblical maximalism great scholarly controversy historicity particularly events recounted biblical narratives prior babylonian captivity th century bce regarding debate historicity ancient israel maximalist position holds accounts united monarchy early kings israel david saul taken largely historical decreasing conflict


fans ref name jenkins biblio ref name fathallah another thread effect emergence internet ref name busse hellekson intro ref name jenkins biblio jenkins first wave researchers characterised fans resistant subversive consumers considering fandoms represent democratic socially progressive response media industry early studies since characterised utopian matt hills gray sandvoss harrington others example gray et al denoted first wave studies fandom beautiful era ref name scott ref name fathallah intro research early shifted focus fan communities towards individual fans broadened area

Journalism, media studies and communication


sm entertainment global audition new york city area ended spending time trainee largest k pop entertainment company details weekly evaluations trainees perform interact multiple cameras music video therefore book kim suk young focuses studies liveness technological ideological affective mode human subjects interact human nonhuman subjects digital age another key component study liveness key tension concepts liveness


preferences ultimately shows dynamic music industry future '''tiktok youtube fan videos ''' rise tiktok usage particular covid pandemic many people lockdown one form fan musicking fans creating compilation videos artists example fan created videos include excerpts favorite lines song compilation funny moments interviews musicians studying lyrics moments resonate fans give academics examining fan studies deeper understanding popular sentiment


behavioral observation administering scoring interpreting various tests inventories questionnaires rating scales clinical social workers engage consultation program practice evaluation administration clinical programs services education master social work msw degree accredited council social work education minimum education requirement clinical social work msw degree typically two full time years study length require hours internship practice applicant msw degree program bachelor social work bsw degree accredited

Social science
Social work
Clinical social work


processes resulting loss data objects object values object conservation depends objects remaining well cared environments date records locations dissociation happen direct consequence actions like removing label tag making errors records well failing perform actions like applying object numbers permanent materials meeting legal requirements prove ownership object ''dust chemical pollution'' present environments even enclosed areas pollutants grouped range compounds chemical reactions

Applied science
Library and museum studies
Object conservation


component object pollutants gases aerosols liquids solids either anthropogenic natural origin substances known adverse effects negative consequences objects deposits solid particles considered pollutants may necessarily cause damage recognized altering aesthetic aspects objects cases fine particles deposited object 's surface strongly bonded ''burglars thieves vandals'' completely remove object control institution either destroying damaging wide variety


effective museum integrated pest management program plays integral necessary part every museum 's collection care policy routine collections inspections detect reveal presence pests within museum 's buildings storage areas common ways reducing risks posed pests reduce eliminate food water opportunities provide attractive lure pests item materials types item materials vary organic inorganic composite objects depending material handled storage needing conservation treatment conservator specializing specific type range


conduct one created american institute conservation aic codes ethics intended provide guidance intended taken absolute practice institutions varied size scope nature institution adapt adopt implement ethical guidelines necessary meet institution 's conservation requirements objects collection institutions victoria albert museum v developed implemented form ethical protocols procedures guidelines order ensure v


competition classic car race restored trains conservation restoration cultural property conservation restoration immovable cultural property work performed building attempt return previous state cosmetic restoration refinishing restoration work item focuses upon appearance rather functionality structure fabric restoration restoration clothing textiles renovation refurbishment vehicles furniture appliances equipment etc ship theseus watchmaker one fixes restores mechanical watches references external links https webarchiveorg web http wwwwheathillscom pages antique restoration feature p aspx case study antique restoration work bbc tv show


give user location information call number example indicate whether item available history bibliographic control organization information going since antiquity bibliographic control know today recent invention ancient civilizations recorded lists books onto tablets libraries middle ages kept records holdings invention printing press th century multiple copies single book could produced quickly johann tritheim german librarian first create bibliography

Applied science
Library and museum studies
Cataloging


library paris accumulated one thousand books catalog pioneered use alphabet organizing tool ref name battles growth libraries invention moveable type printing widespread availability paper created necessity catalog organized library 's materials could found catalog rather walking around th century libraries became seen collections universal knowledge two th century authors gabriel naud france john dury scotland developed theories


rules th century ref name chan anglo american rules american library association rules library congress rules aacr aacr aacr r st century brought renewed thinking library cataloging great part based increase number digital formats also new consciousness nature work bibliographic context often attributed principles developed lubetzky ref name work ref also supported work international federation library associations institutions functional requirements bibliographic records frbr emphasized role work


berman 's critique cataloging practices queer theorists library information science emily drabinski amber billey kr roberto written implications creating stable categorizations gender identities ref name rda ref utilizing queer theory conjunction library classification cataloging requires perspectives present ethically politically sound viewpoints support marginalized persons women people color members lgbtq community work resulted modification rda rule governing gender represented record creation ala midwinter meeting january


mursi tribe ethiopia percentages men killed war eight tribal societies lawrence h keeley archeologist ''war civilization'' notoc '''ritual warfare''' sometimes called '''endemic warfare''' state continual frequent warfare found tribal societies limited tribal societies description ritual fighting '''ritual battle''' '''ritual warfare''' permits display courage masculinity expression emotion resulting relatively wounds even fewer deaths thus practice viewed form conflict resolution psycho social exercise

Applied science
Military sciences
Tactics
Endemic warfare


dawn'' penguin new york leblanc ''prehistoric warfare american southwest'' university utah press guy halsall 'anthropology study pre conquest warfare society ritual war anglo saxon england' hawkes ed ''weapons warfare anglo saxon england'' diamond jared ''the world yesterday learn traditional societies'' viking new york pp nbsp external links http wwwcivilizationca aborig haida havwa ehtml haida warfare http wwwhead huntercom warfarehtml tribal warfare blood revenge https webarchiveorg web http wwwusdedu anth crow crow html crow creek massacre http wwwreliefwebint rw rwbnsf db sid ekoi z opendocument tribal warfare kills nine indonesia 's papua warfare type mock combat