meithnav/squad huggingface dataset:
In 1858, the French emperor Napoleon III successfully gained the possession, in the name of the French government, of Longwood House and the lands around it, last residence of Napoleon I (who died there in 1821). It is still French property, administered by a French representative and under the authority of the French Ministry of Foreign Affairs.

Question: Which french emperor gained possession of Longwood house and the land surrounding it?
Answer: Napoleon III

Question: What year did the French Emperor Napoleon III take control of Longwood house?
Answer: 1858

Question: Who was the last resident of Longwood house before Napoleon III took it over?
Answer: Napoleon I

Question: Who has authority over Longwood house?
Answer: French Ministry of Foreign Affairs
There are fifteen seats in the Legislative Council of Saint Helena, a unicameral legislature, in addition to a Speaker and a Deputy Speaker. Twelve of the fifteen members are elected in elections held every four years. The three ex officio members are the Chief Secretary, Financial Secretary and Attorney General. The Executive Council is presided over by the Governor, and consists of three ex officio officers and five elected members of the Legislative Council appointed by the Governor. There is no elected Chief Minister, and the Governor acts as the head of government. In January 2013 it was proposed that the Executive Council would be led by a "Chief Councillor" who would be elected by the members of the Legislative Council and would nominate the other members of the Executive Council. These proposals were put to a referendum on 23 March 2013 where they were defeated by 158 votes to 42 on a 10% turnout.

Question: How many seats are in the Legislative Council of Saint Helena?
Answer: 15

Question: Who presides over the executive council?
Answer: the Governor

Question: The head of government on the island is who?
Answer: the Governor

Question: When were proposals for a Chief Councillor put on hold?
Answer: 23 March 2013
St Helena has long been known for its high proportion of endemic birds and vascular plants. The highland areas contain most of the 400 endemic species recognised to date. Much of the island has been identified by BirdLife International as being important for bird conservation, especially the endemic Saint Helena plover or wirebird, and for seabirds breeding on the offshore islets and stacks, in the north-east and the south-west Important Bird Areas. On the basis of these endemics and an exceptional range of habitats, Saint Helena is on the United Kingdom's tentative list for future UNESCO World Heritage Sites.

Question: Saint Helena has a high proportion of what kind of birds?
Answer: endemic

Question: What kind of plants are common on Saint Helena?
Answer: vascular

Question: What organization identified Saint Helena as important for bird conservation?
Answer: BirdLife International

Question:  Saint Helena is on the United Kingdom's list for future what?
Answer: UNESCO World Heritage Sites
The tourist industry is heavily based on the promotion of Napoleon's imprisonment. A golf course also exists and the possibility for sportfishing tourism is great. Three hotels operate on the island but the arrival of tourists is directly linked to the arrival and departure schedule of the RMS St Helena. Some 3,200 short-term visitors arrived on the island in 2013.

Question: What is the tourist industry mostly based around?
Answer: the promotion of Napoleon's imprisonment

Question: What kind of fishing tourism occurs on the island?
Answer: sportfishing

Question: How many hotels are on the island?
Answer: 3

Question: Tourism is completely based on what arriving to the island?
Answer: the RMS St Helena
Public expenditure rose from £10 million in 2001-02 to £12 million in 2005-06 to £28m in 2012-13. The contribution of UK budgetary aid to total SHG government expenditure rose from £4.6 million in to £6.4 million to £12.1 million over the same period. Wages and salaries represent about 38% of recurrent expenditure.

Question: How much was public expenditure on the island in 2001-2002?
Answer: £10 million

Question: By 2005-06 public expenditure had risen to what?
Answer: £12 million

Question: In 2012-2013, public expenditure was what?
Answer: £28m

Question: UK aid had risen to how much in the same period?
Answer: £12.1 million

Question:  Wages and salaries represent how much % of the island's expenditure?
Answer: 38%
Saint Helena is one of the most remote islands in the world, has one commercial airport under construction, and travel to the island is by ship only. A large military airfield is located on Ascension Island, with two Friday flights to RAF Brize Norton, England (as from September 2010). These RAF flights offer a limited number of seats to civilians.

Question: How many commercial airports are under construction in Saint Helena?
Answer: 1

Question: What is the only method of travel currently available to Saint Helena?
Answer: ship

Question: A large airfield is located on what portion of the island?
Answer: Ascension Island

Question: What kind of flights are offered to limited civilians?
Answer: RAF flights
On 22 July 2010, the British government agreed to help pay for the new airport using taxpayer money. In November 2011 a new deal between the British government and South African civil engineering company Basil Read was signed and the airport was scheduled to open in February 2016, with flights to and from South Africa and the UK. In March 2015 South African airline Comair became the preferred bidder to provide weekly air service between the island and Johannesburg, starting from 2016.

Question: When did the British government agree to help pay for the new airport in Saint Helena?
Answer: 22 July 2010

Question: Which south african company is helping to engineer the airport? 
Answer: Basil Read

Question: The new airport opening date is when?
Answer: February 2016

Question: Which countries will be able to fly to Saint Helena using the airport?
Answer: South Africa and the UK

Question: Which airline will provide weekly service to Saint Helena?
Answer: Comair
Radio St Helena, which started operations on Christmas Day 1967, provided a local radio service that had a range of about 100 km (62 mi) from the island, and also broadcast internationally on shortwave radio (11092.5 kHz) on one day a year. The station presented news, features and music in collaboration with its sister newspaper, the St Helena Herald. It closed on 25 December 2012 to make way for a new three-channel FM service, also funded by St. Helena Government and run by the South Atlantic Media Services (formerly St. Helena Broadcasting (Guarantee) Corporation).

Question: What day did Radio Saint Helena start operations?
Answer: Christmas Day 1967

Question: What was the range of Radio Saint Helena in miles?
Answer: 62

Question: How many days a year was Radio Saint Helena broadcast internationally?
Answer: 1

Question: What newspaper did Radio Saint Helena collaborate with?
Answer: St Helena Herald

Question: What day was Saint Helena Radio shut down?
Answer: 25 December 2012
Saint Helena has the international calling code +290 which, since 2006, Tristan da Cunha shares. Saint Helena telephone numbers changed from 4 to 5 digits on 1 October 2013 by being prefixed with the digit "2", i.e. 2xxxx, with the range 5xxxx being reserved for mobile numbering, and 8xxx being used for Tristan da Cunha numbers (these still shown as 4 digits).

Question: What is the international calling code for Saint Helena?
Answer: +290

Question: Who shares the calling code +290 with Saint Helena?
Answer: Tristan da Cunha

Question: How many digits did Saint Helena change their phone numbers to?
Answer: 5

Question: When did Saint Helena change the amount of digits in their phone numbers?
Answer: 1 October 2013

Question: What digit are Saint Helena phone numbers prefixed with?
Answer: 2
Saint Helena has a 10/3.6 Mbit/s internet link via Intelsat 707 provided by SURE. Serving a population of more than 4,000, this single satellite link is considered inadequate in terms of bandwidth.

Question: What speed is Saint Helena internet access?
Answer: 10/3.6 Mbit/s

Question: What is the internet service provided through?
Answer: Intelsat 707

Question: Who provides the internet service in Saint Helena?
Answer: SURE

Question: What kind of population does SURE service?
Answer: more than 4,000

Question: How many satellites provide the link to the internet?
Answer: 1
Education is free and compulsory between the ages of 5 and 16  The island has three primary schools for students of age 4 to 11: Harford, Pilling, and St Paul’s. Prince Andrew School provides secondary education for students aged 11 to 18. At the beginning of the academic year 2009-10, 230 students were enrolled in primary school and 286 in secondary school.

Question: How many primary schools does the island have?
Answer: 3

Question: What are the 3 primary schools called?
Answer: Harford, Pilling, and St Paul’s

Question: What is the name of the secondary school for the island?
Answer: Prince Andrew School

Question: How many students were enrolled in primary school in 2010?
Answer: 230
The Governor's Cup is a yacht race between Cape Town and Saint Helena island, held every two years in December/January; the most recent event was in December 2010. In Jamestown a timed run takes place up Jacob's Ladder every year, with people coming from all over the world to take part.

Question: Where does the Governor's cup take place? 
Answer: between Cape Town and Saint Helena island,

Question: What months does the Governor's cup take place?
Answer: December/January

Question: When did the most recent Governor's cup take place?
Answer: December 2010
In the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA), aspirated consonants are written using the symbols for voiceless consonants followed by the aspiration modifier letter ⟨◌ʰ⟩, a superscript form of the symbol for the voiceless glottal fricative ⟨h⟩. For instance, ⟨p⟩ represents the voiceless bilabial stop, and ⟨pʰ⟩ represents the aspirated bilabial stop.

Question: What does IPA stand for?
Answer: International Phonetic Alphabet

Question: Written IPA consonants use symbols for what?
Answer: voiceless consonants

Question: What modifier indicates a voiceless bilabial stop?
Answer: p

Question: pʰ represents what?
Answer: aspirated bilabial stop
Unaspirated or tenuis consonants are occasionally marked with the modifier letter for unaspiration ⟨◌˭⟩, a superscript equal sign: ⟨t˭⟩. Usually, however, unaspirated consonants are left unmarked: ⟨t⟩.

Question: How are unaspirated or tenuis consonants sometimes marked for unaspiration?
Answer: with the modifier letter

Question: What is the superscript equal sign?
Answer: ⟨t˭⟩

Question: Most often, unaspirated consonants are what?
Answer: left unmarked

Question: How are unaspirated consonants left unmarked?
Answer: ⟨t⟩
They are unaspirated for almost all speakers when immediately following word-initial s, as in spill, still, skill. After an s elsewhere in a word they are normally unaspirated as well, except sometimes in compound words. When the consonants in a cluster like st are analyzed as belonging to different morphemes (heteromorphemic) the stop is aspirated, but when they are analyzed as belonging to one morpheme the stop is unaspirated.[citation needed] For instance, distend has unaspirated [t] since it is not analyzed as two morphemes, but distaste has an aspirated middle [tʰ] because it is analyzed as dis- + taste and the word taste has an aspirated initial t.

Question: When following a word such as spill, they are what for most speakers?
Answer: unaspirated

Question: If the letter s is a different place in the word, it is typical unaspirated unless the word is what?
Answer: compound words

Question: If there is a cluster such as st and it belongs to different morphemes, the stop is what?
Answer: aspirated

Question: If the st belongs to one morpheme, then the stop is what?
Answer: unaspirated
Wu Chinese has a three-way distinction in stops and affricates: /p pʰ b/. In addition to aspirated and unaspirated consonants, there is a series of muddy consonants, like /b/. These are pronounced with slack or breathy voice: that is, they are weakly voiced. Muddy consonants as initial cause a syllable to be pronounced with low pitch or light (陽 yáng) tone.

Question: What has a three-way distinction in regards to stops and affricates?
Answer: Wu Chinese

Question: What is the actual distinction for Wu Chinese?
Answer: /p pʰ b/

Question: What is /b/ representative of, in addition to aspirated and unaspirated consonants?
Answer: Muddy consonants

Question: What kind of voice are muddy consonants pronounced with?
Answer: slack or breathy
Western Armenian has a two-way distinction between aspirated and voiced: /tʰ d/. Western Armenian aspirated /tʰ/ corresponds to Eastern Armenian aspirated /tʰ/ and voiced /d/, and Western voiced /d/ corresponds to Eastern voiceless /t/.

Question: What language has two-way distinctions between aspirated and voiced?
Answer: Western Armenian

Question: Western Armenian /tʰ/ compares to eastern Armenian /tʰ/ and what?
Answer: /d/

Question: The Western Armenian voiced /d/ compares to the Eastern Armenian voiceless what?
Answer: /t/
There were aspirated stops at three places of articulation: labial, coronal, and velar /pʰ tʰ kʰ/. Earlier Greek, represented by Mycenaean Greek, likely had a labialized velar aspirated stop /kʷʰ/, which later became labial, coronal, or velar depending on dialect and phonetic environment.

Question: What is the representation for the three places of articulation?
Answer: /pʰ tʰ kʰ/

Question: Earlier Greek was represented by what?
Answer: Mycenaean Greek

Question: Whether a stop was labial, coronal or velar depended on what two things?
Answer: dialect and phonetic environment
Hydrogen gas (dihydrogen or molecular hydrogen) is highly flammable and will burn in air at a very wide range of concentrations between 4% and 75% by volume. The enthalpy of combustion for hydrogen is −286 kJ/mol:

Question: For hydrogen what is the enthalpy of combustion?
Answer: 286 kJ/mol

Question: What are two forms of hydrogen gas?
Answer: dihydrogen or molecular hydrogen

Question: Which element has a enthalpy of combustion at −286 kJ/mol?
Answer: Hydrogen
There exist two different spin isomers of hydrogen diatomic molecules that differ by the relative spin of their nuclei. In the orthohydrogen form, the spins of the two protons are parallel and form a triplet state with a molecular spin quantum number of 1 (1⁄2+1⁄2); in the parahydrogen form the spins are antiparallel and form a singlet with a molecular spin quantum number of 0 (1⁄2–1⁄2). At standard temperature and pressure, hydrogen gas contains about 25% of the para form and 75% of the ortho form, also known as the "normal form". The equilibrium ratio of orthohydrogen to parahydrogen depends on temperature, but because the ortho form is an excited state and has a higher energy than the para form, it is unstable and cannot be purified. At very low temperatures, the equilibrium state is composed almost exclusively of the para form. The liquid and gas phase thermal properties of pure parahydrogen differ significantly from those of the normal form because of differences in rotational heat capacities, as discussed more fully in spin isomers of hydrogen. The ortho/para distinction also occurs in other hydrogen-containing molecules or functional groups, such as water and methylene, but is of little significance for their thermal properties.

Question: How many different spin isomers exist?
Answer: 2

Question: What state are the protons in when in the orthohydrogen form?
Answer: triplet state

Question: When hydrogen gas is in standard temperature and pressure, what form is it considered in>
Answer: normal

Question: What percent of para form does hydrogen gas contain?
Answer: 25%

Question: What percent of ortho form does hydrogen gas contain?
Answer: 75%
While H2 is not very reactive under standard conditions, it does form compounds with most elements. Hydrogen can form compounds with elements that are more electronegative, such as halogens (e.g., F, Cl, Br, I), or oxygen; in these compounds hydrogen takes on a partial positive charge. When bonded to fluorine, oxygen, or nitrogen, hydrogen can participate in a form of medium-strength noncovalent bonding with other similar molecules between their hydrogens called hydrogen bonding, which is critical to the stability of many biological molecules. Hydrogen also forms compounds with less electronegative elements, such as the metals and metalloids, in which it takes on a partial negative charge. These compounds are often known as hydrides.

Question: What ind of charge does hydrogen take when mixed with electronegative particles?
Answer: positive charge

Question: What type of charge does hydrogen take when combined with a metal?
Answer: negative

Question: When hydrogen forms with a metal, what is the compound called?
Answer: hydrides

Question: Is H2 reactive in standard conditions?
Answer: not
Compounds of hydrogen are often called hydrides, a term that is used fairly loosely. The term "hydride" suggests that the H atom has acquired a negative or anionic character, denoted H−, and is used when hydrogen forms a compound with a more electropositive element. The existence of the hydride anion, suggested by Gilbert N. Lewis in 1916 for group I and II salt-like hydrides, was demonstrated by Moers in 1920 by the electrolysis of molten lithium hydride (LiH), producing a stoichiometry quantity of hydrogen at the anode. For hydrides other than group I and II metals, the term is quite misleading, considering the low electronegativity of hydrogen. An exception in group II hydrides is BeH
2, which is polymeric. In lithium aluminium hydride, the AlH−
4 anion carries hydridic centers firmly attached to the Al(III).

Question:  Who suggested that hydride anions existed?character does the H atom have in a hydride?
Answer: Gilbert N. Lewis

Question: What group of hydrides is BEH considered polymeric?
Answer: group II
Although hydrides can be formed with almost all main-group elements, the number and combination of possible compounds varies widely; for example, there are over 100 binary borane hydrides known, but only one binary aluminium hydride. Binary indium hydride has not yet been identified, although larger complexes exist.

Question: How many binary borane hydrides are known?
Answer: over 100

Question: How many binary aluminum hydrides are there?
Answer: 1
Hydrogen has three naturally occurring isotopes, denoted 1H, 2H and 3H. Other, highly unstable nuclei (4H to 7H) have been synthesized in the laboratory but not observed in nature.

Question: How many natural isotopes does hydrogen have>
Answer: 3H

Question: What are the names of these isotopes?
Answer: denoted 1H, 2H and 3H

Question: Which isotopes have unstable nuclei?
Answer: 4H to 7H
Because of its simple atomic structure, consisting only of a proton and an electron, the hydrogen atom, together with the spectrum of light produced from it or absorbed by it, has been central to the development of the theory of atomic structure. Furthermore, the corresponding simplicity of the hydrogen molecule and the corresponding cation H+
2 allowed fuller understanding of the nature of the chemical bond, which followed shortly after the quantum mechanical treatment of the hydrogen atom had been developed in the mid-1920s.

Question: What is the hydrogen atom made up of?
Answer: a proton and an electron

Question: What theory is the hydrogen atom a big part of?
Answer: atomic structure

Question: When was the quantum mechanical treatment of the hydrogen atom developed?
Answer: 1920s
The area's many colleges and universities make Boston an international center of higher education and medicine, and the city is considered to be a world leader in innovation. Boston's economic base also includes finance, professional and business services, biotechnology, information technology, and government activities. Households in the city claim the highest average rate of philanthropy in the United States; businesses and institutions rank amongst the top in the country for environmental sustainability and investment. The city has one of the highest costs of living in the United States, though it remains high on world livability rankings.

Question: What ranks in the top of the country for investment?
Answer: businesses and institutions

Question: Households in Boston claim the highest average rate of what in the United States?
Answer: philanthropy

Question: Bostons businesses rank top in the country for what?
Answer: environmental sustainability and investment

Question: Where does Boston rank as far as cost of living in the United States?
Answer: The city has one of the highest costs of living

Question: How does Boston rank on world livability?
Answer: high

Question: Boston is internationally known for education and medicine because of its many what?
Answer: colleges and universities
Boston's early European settlers had first called the area Trimountaine (after its "three mountains"—only traces of which remain today) but later renamed it Boston after Boston, Lincolnshire, England, the origin of several prominent colonists. The renaming, on September 7, 1630 (Old Style),[b] was by Puritan colonists from England, who had moved over from Charlestown earlier that year in quest of fresh water. Their settlement was initially limited to the Shawmut Peninsula, at that time surrounded by the Massachusetts Bay and Charles River and connected to the mainland by a narrow isthmus. The peninsula is known to have been inhabited as early as 5000 BC.

Question: What was the name before the city was called Boston?
Answer: Trimountaine

Question: What did Boston's early settlers call the area?
Answer: Trimountaine

Question: What does Trimountaine mean?
Answer: three mountains

Question: What year was the city renamed Boston?
Answer: 1630

Question: Who named the city Boston?
Answer: Puritan colonists from England

Question: What were the puritan colonists searching for when they came to Boston?
Answer: fresh water
The Embargo Act of 1807, adopted during the Napoleonic Wars, and the War of 1812 significantly curtailed Boston's harbor activity. Although foreign trade returned after these hostilities, Boston's merchants had found alternatives for their capital investments in the interim. Manufacturing became an important component of the city's economy, and by the mid-19th century, the city's industrial manufacturing overtook international trade in economic importance. Until the early 20th century, Boston remained one of the nation's largest manufacturing centers and was notable for its garment production and leather-goods industries. A network of small rivers bordering the city and connecting it to the surrounding region facilitated shipment of goods and led to a proliferation of mills and factories. Later, a dense network of railroads furthered the region's industry and commerce.

Question: What act was put in place during the Napoleonic wars and the war of 1812?
Answer: The Embargo Act of 1807

Question: What act cut down on Boston's harbor activity?
Answer: The Embargo Act of 1807

Question: What became an important part of the city's economy during the Napoleonic Wars and the war of 1812?
Answer: manufacturing

Question: In what century was manufacturing more important to Boston than trade?
Answer: 19th century

Question: When did Boston stop being known for it's garment production and leather goods?
Answer: the early 20th century
Boston was an early port of the Atlantic triangular slave trade in the New England colonies, but was soon overtaken by Salem, Massachusetts and Newport, Rhode Island. Eventually Boston became a center of the abolitionist movement. The city reacted strongly to the Fugitive Slave Law of 1850, contributing to President Franklin Pierce's attempt to make an example of Boston after the Anthony Burns Fugitive Slave Case.

Question: Boston was overtaken by Salem, Massachusetts in what type of trade? 
Answer: slave trade

Question: What movement did Boston become the center of after it stopped slave trade?
Answer: the abolitionist movement

Question: What law involving slaves did the city react strongly to?
Answer: the Fugitive Slave Law of 1850

Question: What President attempted to make an example out of Boston due to it's view on the Anthony Burns Fugitive Slave Case?
Answer: Franklin Pierce
By the early and mid-20th century, the city was in decline as factories became old and obsolete, and businesses moved out of the region for cheaper labor elsewhere. Boston responded by initiating various urban renewal projects under the direction of the Boston Redevelopment Authority (BRA), which was established in 1957. In 1958, BRA initiated a project to improve the historic West End neighborhood. Extensive demolition was met with vociferous public opposition.

Question: During what century did businesses move out of Boston to find cheaper labor?
Answer: 20th century

Question: Projects to renew the city were put into place by what?
Answer: the Boston Redevelopment Authority (BRA)

Question: How did the people of Boston react to the demolition of the West End?
Answer: with vociferous public opposition.
Boston has an area of 89.6 square miles (232.1 km2)—48.4 square miles (125.4 km2) (54.0%) of land and 41.2 square miles (106.7 km2) (46.0%) of water. The city's official elevation, as measured at Logan International Airport, is 19 ft (5.8 m) above sea level. The highest point in Boston is Bellevue Hill at 330 feet (100 m) above sea level, and the lowest point is at sea level. Situated onshore of the Atlantic Ocean, Boston is the only state capital in the contiguous United States with an oceanic coastline.

Question: What is the total area of Boston?
Answer: 89.6 square miles

Question: How many square miles of land is Boston?
Answer: 48.4 square miles

Question: How many square miles of water is Boston?
Answer: 41.2 square miles

Question: How many feet above sea level is the City of Boston?
Answer: 19 ft

Question: Boston is the only state capital in the contiguous US to have what type of coastline?
Answer: oceanic coastline
In 2010, Boston was estimated to have 617,594 residents (a density of 12,200 persons/sq mile, or 4,700/km2) living in 272,481 housing units— a 5% population increase over 2000. The city is the third most densely populated large U.S. city of over half a million residents. Some 1.2 million persons may be within Boston's boundaries during work hours, and as many as 2 million during special events. This fluctuation of people is caused by hundreds of thousands of suburban residents who travel to the city for work, education, health care, and special events.

Question: About what was the population of Boston in 2010?
Answer: 617,594

Question: How many housing units were there in Boston in 2010?
Answer: 272,481

Question: How many people are in Boston during work hours?
Answer: 1.2 million

Question: What can the population of Boston rech during special events?
Answer: 2 million

Question: What is the density of Boston's population?
Answer: 12,200 persons/sq mile
The city has a sizable Jewish population with an estimated 25,000 Jews within the city and 227,000 within the Boston metro area; the number of congregations in Boston is estimated at 22. The adjacent communities of Brookline and Newton are both approximately one-third Jewish.

Question: How many Jewish people live in the City of Boston?
Answer: 25,000

Question: How many Jewish people live in the Boston Metro area?
Answer: 227,000

Question: What is the total number of congregations in Boston?
Answer: 22

Question: What adjascent communities also hold a high Jewish population?
Answer: Brookline and Newton

Question: What is the estimated percentage of the population of Brookline and newton that are jewish?
Answer: one-third
Some of the most renowned and highly ranked universities in the world are located in the Boston area. Four members of the Association of American Universities are in Greater Boston (more than any other metropolitan area): Harvard University, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston University, and Brandeis University. Hospitals, universities, and research institutions in Greater Boston received more than $1.77 billion in National Institutes of Health grants in 2013, more money than any other American metropolitan area. Greater Boston has more than 100 colleges and universities, with 250,000 students enrolled in Boston and Cambridge alone. Its largest private universities include Boston University (the city's fourth-largest employer) with its main campus along Commonwealth Avenue and a medical campus in the South End; Northeastern University in the Fenway area; Suffolk University near Beacon Hill, which includes law school and business school; and Boston College, which straddles the Boston (Brighton)–Newton border. Boston's only public university is the University of Massachusetts Boston, on Columbia Point in Dorchester. Roxbury Community College and Bunker Hill Community College are the city's two public community colleges. Altogether, Boston's colleges and universities employ over 42,600 people, accounting for nearly 7 percent of the city's workforce.

Question: How many member of the Association of American Universities are in Boston?
Answer: four

Question: How many students are enrolled in boston and Cambridge?
Answer: 250,000

Question: Who is the citys fourth largest employer?
Answer: Boston University
In addition to city government, numerous commissions and state authorities—including the Massachusetts Department of Conservation and Recreation, the Boston Public Health Commission, the Massachusetts Water Resources Authority (MWRA), and the Massachusetts Port Authority (Massport)—play a role in the life of Bostonians. As the capital of Massachusetts, Boston plays a major role in state politics.

Question: What is the capital of Massachusetts?
Answer: Boston

Question: As the state capital, Boston plays a large role in what?
Answer: state politics

Question: What is the MWRA?
Answer: Massachusetts Water Resources Authority

Question: What is the name of the massachusetts port authority?
Answer: Massport
With nearly a third of Bostonians using public transit for their commute to work, Boston has the fifth-highest rate of public transit usage in the country. Boston's subway system, the Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority (MBTA—known as the "T") operates the oldest underground rapid transit system in the Americas, and is the fourth-busiest rapid transit system in the country, with 65.5 miles (105 km) of track on four lines. The MBTA also operates busy bus and commuter rail networks, and water shuttles.

Question: How many people in Boston use public transportation?
Answer: nearly a third

Question: Where does Boston rank nationally in terms of public transportation use?
Answer: fifth-highest

Question: What is the name of Bostons subway system?
Answer: MBTA

Question: The MBTA is also known as the what?
Answer: T

Question: How long is bostons subway system?
Answer: 65.5 miles
Nicknamed "The Walking City", Boston hosts more pedestrian commuters than do other comparably populated cities. Owing to factors such as the compactness of the city and large student population, 13 percent of the population commutes by foot, making it the highest percentage of pedestrian commuters in the country out of the major American cities. In 2011, Walk Score ranked Boston the third most walkable city in the United States. As of 2015[update], Walk Score still ranks Boston as the third most walkable US city, with a Walk Score of 80, a Transit Score of 75, and a Bike Score of 70.

Question: What is Bostons nickname?
Answer: The Walking City

Question: What type of commuters does Have than any other largely populated city?
Answer: pedestrian

Question: What percent of Boston's population commutes by walking?
Answer: 13 percent

Question: What year did walkscore rank Boston the third most walkable city in the US?
Answer: 2015

Question: What was the walk score given to Boston?
Answer: 80
Between 1999 and 2006, Bicycling magazine named Boston three times as one of the worst cities in the US for cycling; regardless, it has one of the highest rates of bicycle commuting. In 2008, as a consequence of improvements made to bicycling conditions within the city, the same magazine put Boston on its "Five for the Future" list as a "Future Best City" for biking, and Boston's bicycle commuting percentage increased from 1% in 2000 to 2.1% in 2009. The bikeshare program called Hubway launched in late July 2011, logging more than 140,000 rides before the close of its first season. The neighboring municipalities of Cambridge, Somerville, and Brookline joined the Hubway program in summer 2012.

Question: Bicycling magazine named Boston one of the worst cities in the US for what?
Answer: cycling

Question: What magazine put Boston on its Future best City For Biking list?
Answer: Bicycling magazine

Question: What is the name of the bike share program in Boston?
Answer: Hubway

Question: What year did Hubway launch?
Answer: 2011

Question: How many rides did Hubway log in its first year?
Answer: more than 140,000
The second generation of the system, officially called the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS) and also known as COMPASS or BeiDou-2, will be a global satellite navigation system consisting of 35 satellites, and is under construction as of January 2015[update]. It became operational in China in December 2011, with 10 satellites in use, and began offering services to customers in the Asia-Pacific region in December 2012. It is planned to begin serving global customers upon its completion in 2020.

Question: What is the name of the second generation of BDS?
Answer: BeiDou Navigation Satellite System

Question: What is another name for the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System?
Answer: COMPASS or BeiDou-2

Question: How many satellites will the BeiDou-2 have?
Answer: 35

Question: When did the BeiDou-2 begin construction?
Answer: January 2015

Question: When did the BeiDou-2 begin operating?
Answer: December 2011
On 2 November 2006, China announced that from 2008 BeiDou would offer an open service with an accuracy of 10 meters, timing of 0.2 microseconds, and speed of 0.2 meters/second.[citation needed]

Question: When did China announce service plans for the BeiDou system?
Answer: 2 November 2006

Question: What was the accuracy range that China promised to offer in 2008 with the BeiDou system?
Answer: 10 meters

Question: What was the timing and speed that China promised to offer in 2008 with the BeiDou system?
Answer: timing of 0.2 microseconds, and speed of 0.2 meters/second
Unlike the American GPS, Russian GLONASS, and European Galileo systems, which use medium Earth orbit satellites, BeiDou-1 uses satellites in geostationary orbit. This means that the system does not require a large constellation of satellites, but it also limits the coverage to areas on Earth where the satellites are visible. The area that can be serviced is from longitude 70°E to 140°E and from latitude 5°N to 55°N. A frequency of the system is 2491.75 MHz.

Question: What type of satellites does the American GPS system use?
Answer: medium Earth orbit satellites

Question: What type of satellites does the BeiDou-1 system use?
Answer: satellites in geostationary orbit

Question: What is the purpose of the BeiDou-1 system using stallites in geostationary orbit?
Answer: the system does not require a large constellation of satellites

Question: What service area is covered by the BeiDou-1 system?
Answer: from longitude 70°E to 140°E and from latitude 5°N to 55°N

Question: What is the frequency of the BeiDou-1 system?
Answer: 2491.75 MHz
BeiDou-2 (formerly known as COMPASS) is not an extension to the older BeiDou-1, but rather supersedes it outright. The new system will be a constellation of 35 satellites, which include 5 geostationary orbit satellites for backward compatibility with BeiDou-1, and 30 non-geostationary satellites (27 in medium Earth orbit and 3 in inclined geosynchronous orbit), that will offer complete coverage of the globe.

Question: What was the BeiDou-2 system previously known as?
Answer: COMPASS

Question: How may satellites will the BeiDou-2 system have?
Answer: 35

Question: How many geostationary orbit satellites will the BeiDou-2 system have?
Answer: 5

Question: How many non-geostationary orbit satellites will the BeiDou-2 system have?
Answer: 30

Question: What is the purpose of the geostationary orbit satellites in the BeiDou-2 system?
Answer: for backward compatibility with BeiDou-1
The investigation of the transmitted signals started immediately after the launch of Compass -M1 on 14 April 2007. Soon after in June 2007, engineers at CNES reported the spectrum and structure of the signals. A month later, researchers from Stanford University reported the complete decoding of the “I” signals components. The knowledge of the codes allowed a group of engineers at Septentrio to build the COMPASS receiver and report tracking and multipath characteristics of the “I” signals on E2 and E5B.

Question: When did the investigation of the signals transmitted by Compass -M1 begin?
Answer: immediately after the launch of Compass -M1 on 14 April 2007

Question: What did engineers at CNES report in June 2007?
Answer: the spectrum and structure of the signals

Question: Who reported the complete decoding of the “I” signals components?
Answer: researchers from Stanford University

Question: Who built the COMPASS receiver?
Answer: a group of engineers at Septentrio

Question: What was the purpose of building the COMPASS receiver?
Answer: report tracking and multipath characteristics of the “I” signals on E2 and E5B
The BeiDou-2 system began offering services for the Asia-Pacific region in December 2012. At this time, the system could provide positioning data between longitude 55°E to 180°E and from latitude 55°S to 55°N.

Question: When did the BeiDou-2 system start offering services?
Answer: December 2012

Question: Where did the BeiDou-2 system start offering services in 2012?
Answer: the Asia-Pacific region

Question: At the time when BeiDou-2 system began offering services, what was the positioning data the system was able to provide?
Answer: between longitude 55°E to 180°E and from latitude 55°S to 55°N
Currently, (2004), there are principles of canon law common to the churches within the Anglican Communion; their existence can be factually established; each province or church contributes through its own legal system to the principles of canon law common within the Communion; these principles have a strong persuasive authority and are fundamental to the self-understanding of each of the churches of the Communion; these principles have a living force, and contain in themselves the possibility of further development; and the existence of these principles both demonstrates unity and promotes unity within the Anglican Communion.

Question: As of 2004, what do all Anglican Communion Churches share?
Answer: principles of canon law

Question: What term characterizes the way in which the existence of canon principles can be shown?
Answer: factually

Question: Through what does each member of the Anglican Communion make a contribution to Church law? 
Answer: its own legal system

Question: What kind of force could the canonical principles be said to have within the Communion?
Answer: living

Question: What does having common principles show and support for churches int he Communion?
Answer: unity
The Somali Postal Service (Somali Post) is the national postal service of the Federal Government of Somalia. It is part of the Ministry of Information, Posts and Telecommunication.

Question: What is the name of the Somali postal service?
Answer: Somali Post

Question: What is the name of the National postal service of Somalia?
Answer: Somali Post
Catalan has an inflectional grammar, with two genders (masculine, feminine), and two numbers (singular, plural). Pronouns are also inflected for case, animacy[citation needed] and politeness, and can be combined in very complex ways. Verbs are split in several paradigms and are inflected for person, number, tense, aspect, mood, and gender. In terms of pronunciation, Catalan has many words ending in a wide variety of consonants and some consonant clusters, in contrast with many other Romance languages.

Question: How many genders does Catalan have?
Answer: two

Question: What numbers does Catalan have?
Answer: singular, plural

Question: What style of grammar does Catalan have?
Answer: inflectional

Question: What is used in Catalan as word endings that is different from other similar Romance languages? 
Answer: consonants
Martorell's outstanding novel of chivalry Tirant lo Blanc (1490) shows a transition from Medieval to Renaissance values, something that can also be seen in Metge's work. The first book produced with movable type in the Iberian Peninsula was printed in Catalan.

Question: Who wrote Tirant lo Blanc?
Answer: Martorell

Question: What kind of tale was Tirant lo Blanc?
Answer: chivalry

Question: To what does Matorell's work show a transition?
Answer: Renaissance values

Question: What other writer showed a transition to the Renaissance? 
Answer: Metge

Question: In what was the first Catalan book printed on the Iberian Peninsula?
Answer: movable type
This flexibility allows Catalan to use extraposition extensively, much more than French or Spanish. Thus, Catalan can have m'hi recomanaren ("they recommended me to him"), whereas in French one must say ils m'ont recommandé à lui, and Spanish me recomendaron a él. This allows the placement of almost any nominal term as a sentence topic, without having to use so often the passive voice (as in French or English), or identifying the direct object with a preposition (as in Spanish).

Question: What languages use extrapositioning in sentences less than Catalan? 
Answer: French or Spanish

Question: What do you not need to use in Catalan?
Answer: passive voice

Question: What languages use the passive voice more than Catalan?
Answer: French or English

Question: What method does Spanish use to identify the object?
Answer: preposition
In Spain, every person officially has two surnames, one of which is the father's first surname and the other is the mother's first surname. The law contemplates the possibility of joining both surnames with the Catalan conjunction i ("and").

Question: How many surnames does everyone in Spain have?
Answer: two

Question: Which one of one's father's surnames is used?
Answer: first

Question: What is Spain thinking of doing to the two surnames?
Answer: joining both surnames

Question: What conjunction would be used to join a person's surnames?
Answer: in
Like Finnish and Hungarian, Estonian is a somewhat agglutinative language, but unlike them, it has lost vowel harmony, the front vowels occurring exclusively on the first or stressed syllable, although in older texts the vowel harmony can still be recognized. Furthermore, the apocope of word-final sounds is extensive and has contributed to a shift from a purely agglutinative to a fusional language.[citation needed] The basic word order is subject–verb–object.

Question: What kind of harmony has Estonian lost?
Answer: vowel

Question: What language feature does Estonian, Finish and Hungarian share? 
Answer: agglutinative

Question: In what order are words put in sentences in the Estonian language?
Answer: subject–verb–object
Although the Estonian orthography is generally guided by phonemic principles, with each grapheme corresponding to one phoneme, there are some historical and morphological deviations from this: for example preservation of the morpheme in declension of the word (writing b, g, d in places where p, k, t is pronounced) and in the use of 'i' and 'j'.[clarification needed] Where it is very impractical or impossible to type š and ž, they are substituted with sh and zh in some written texts, although this is considered incorrect. Otherwise, the h in sh represents a voiceless glottal fricative, as in Pasha (pas-ha); this also applies to some foreign names.

Question: What principles usually govern the Estonian orthography?
Answer: phonemic principles

Question: To how many phoneme's does each grapheme correspond?
Answer: one

Question: What type of deviations are there from the single phoneme to each grapheme general principle?
Answer: some historical and morphological deviations

Question: On what occasions are š and ž replaced with sh and zh?
Answer: Where it is very impractical or impossible to type š and ž

Question: What is an example of a word containing a voiceless glottal fricative?
Answer: Pasha (pas-ha)
Modern Estonian orthography is based on the Newer Orthography created by Eduard Ahrens in the second half of the 19th century based on Finnish orthography. The Older Orthography it replaced was created in the 17th century by Bengt Gottfried Forselius and Johann Hornung based on standard German orthography. Earlier writing in Estonian had by and large used an ad hoc orthography based on Latin and Middle Low German orthography. Some influences of the standard German orthography — for example, writing 'W'/'w' instead of 'V'/'v' persisted well into the 1930s.

Question:  In what Orthagraphy does Modern Estonian orthography have its basis?
Answer: Newer Orthography

Question: Who is responsible for the creation of the Newer Orthography?
Answer: Eduard Ahrens

Question: In what century was the Newer Orthography created?
Answer: 19th century

Question: Previous to the Newer Orthography what orthography was in place?
Answer: Older Orthography

Question: From what other country's orthography did the Older Orthography get its basis?
Answer: standard German orthography
The ISO 216 system used in most other countries is based on the surface area of a sheet of paper, not on a sheet's width and length. It was first adopted in Germany in 1922 and generally spread as nations adopted the metric system. The largest standard size paper is A0 (A zero), measuring one square meter (approx. 1189 × 841 mm). Two sheets of A1, placed upright side by side fit exactly into one sheet of A0 laid on its side. Similarly, two sheets of A2 fit into one sheet of A1 and so forth. Common sizes used in the office and the home are A4 and A3 (A3 is the size of two A4 sheets).

Question: Most countries besides the US use what ISO System?
Answer: ISO 216

Question: What country first adopted the ISO 216 standard?
Answer: Germany

Question: What is the largest standard size paper?
Answer: A0

Question: How many sheets of A1 paper would cover one single piece of A0 paper?
Answer: 2

Question: What is the lowest numbered A paper that is commonly used at home?
Answer: A3
The Arena Football League (AFL) is the highest level of professional indoor American football in the United States. It was founded in 1987 by Jim Foster, making it the third longest-running professional football league in North America, after the Canadian Football League and the National Football League. It is played indoors on a 68-yard field (about half the distance of an NFL field), resulting in a faster-paced and higher-scoring game. The sport was invented in the early 1980s and patented by Foster, a former executive of the United States Football League and the National Football League.

Question: When was the football league established?
Answer: 1987

Question: Where is football played?
Answer: indoors

Question: What does AFL sand for?
Answer: Arena Football League

Question: Who founded The AFL?
Answer: Jim Foster

Question: In what year was the AFL founded?
Answer: 1987

Question: In what decade was AFL sport invented?
Answer: 1980s

Question: Who was the founder of the Arena Football League?
Answer: Jim Foster

Question: What was the inaugural year of the AFL?
Answer: 1987

Question: Where does the Arena Football League rank amongst professional football leagues in North America by longevity?
Answer: third

Question: In yards, how large is an arena football field?
Answer: 68

Question: What fraction of the size of an NFL football field is an arena football field?
Answer: half