meithnav/squad huggingface dataset:
At the start of her reign Victoria was popular, but her reputation suffered in an 1839 court intrigue when one of her mother's ladies-in-waiting, Lady Flora Hastings, developed an abdominal growth that was widely rumoured to be an out-of-wedlock pregnancy by Sir John Conroy. Victoria believed the rumours. She hated Conroy, and despised "that odious Lady Flora", because she had conspired with Conroy and the Duchess of Kent in the Kensington System. At first, Lady Flora refused to submit to a naked medical examination, until in mid-February she eventually agreed, and was found to be a virgin. Conroy, the Hastings family and the opposition Tories organised a press campaign implicating the Queen in the spreading of false rumours about Lady Flora. When Lady Flora died in July, the post-mortem revealed a large tumour on her liver that had distended her abdomen. At public appearances, Victoria was hissed and jeered as "Mrs. Melbourne".

Question: What health issue did Flora hastings develope that began to ruin Victorias reputation?
Answer: an abdominal growth

Question: What was the job of lady Flora Hastings in Victorias household?
Answer: one of her mother's ladies-in-waiting

Question: What was Flora hastings abdominal growth rumored to be?
Answer: an out-of-wedlock pregnancy

Question: Who was rumored to be the father of Flora Hastings "pregnancy"?
Answer: Sir John Conroy

Question: What year did Victorias reputation begin to suffer?
Answer: 1839

Question: What lady in waiting was at the heart of a 1839 court scandal?
Answer: Lady Flora Hastings

Question: What was the cause of Lady Flora's death in July? 
Answer: large tumour on her liver

Question: With whom did Lady Flora consipire against Queen Victoria? 
Answer: Conroy and the Duchess of Kent

Question: What was Queen Victoria called after Lady Flora's death due?
Answer: Mrs. Melbourne

Question: Who, in Victoria's court, was accused of having a pregnancy outside of mariage?
Answer: one of her mother's ladies-in-waiting, Lady Flora Hastings

Question: Who was believed to be the father of Lady Flor's "baby"?
Answer: Sir John Conroy

Question: What did Victoria think of Lady Flora?
Answer: despised

Question: Why did Victoria hate Sir Conroy and Lady Flora?
Answer: the Kensington System

Question: What was actually the cause of Lady Flora's "pregnancy"?
Answer: large tumour on her liver that had distended her abdomen
In 1870, republican sentiment in Britain, fed by the Queen's seclusion, was boosted after the establishment of the Third French Republic. A republican rally in Trafalgar Square demanded Victoria's removal, and Radical MPs spoke against her. In August and September 1871, she was seriously ill with an abscess in her arm, which Joseph Lister successfully lanced and treated with his new antiseptic carbolic acid spray. In late November 1871, at the height of the republican movement, the Prince of Wales contracted typhoid fever, the disease that was believed to have killed his father, and Victoria was fearful her son would die. As the tenth anniversary of her husband's death approached, her son's condition grew no better, and Victoria's distress continued. To general rejoicing, he pulled through. Mother and son attended a public parade through London and a grand service of thanksgiving in St Paul's Cathedral on 27 February 1872, and republican feeling subsided.

Question: What year was the Third French Republic established?
Answer: 1870

Question: Where was the republica rally held that called for Vuictorias removal?
Answer: Trafalgar Square

Question: Who spoke against Victoria at the rally in Trafalgar Square?
Answer: Radical MPs

Question: In 1871, Victoria became seriously ill with an abscess on what part of her body?
Answer: arm

Question: Who lanced and treated the abscess on Queen Victorias arm?
Answer: Joseph Lister

Question: How was the republican sentiment in Britain changed?
Answer: boosted after the establishment of the Third French Republic

Question: Where was a rally calling for Queen Victoria's removal held? 
Answer: Trafalgar Square

Question: What cutting edge treatment did Joseph Lister use to treat Queen Victoria's illness?
Answer: new antiseptic carbolic acid spray

Question: What disease nearly took the Prince of Wales life? 
Answer: typhoid fever

Question: WHat was a new antiseptic being used to treat abcesses in the 1870's?
Answer: acid spray

Question: What helped to boost the rebublicians in 1870?
Answer: establishment of the Third French Republic

Question: When did the Third French Republic come onto the scene?
Answer: 1870

Question: WHat was a new antiseptic being used to treat abcesses in the 1870's?
Answer: carbolic acid spray

Question: What disease was contracted by the Prince of Wales that nearly ended his life?
Answer: typhoid fever

Question: Who spoke against Victoria at Trafalgar Square?
Answer: Radical MPs

Question: After what event did the Prince of Wales' health begin to improve?
Answer: the tenth anniversary of her husband's death
During Victoria's first pregnancy in 1840, in the first few months of the marriage, 18-year-old Edward Oxford attempted to assassinate her while she was riding in a carriage with Prince Albert on her way to visit her mother. Oxford fired twice, but either both bullets missed or, as he later claimed, the guns had no shot. He was tried for high treason and found guilty, but was acquitted on the grounds of insanity. In the immediate aftermath of the attack, Victoria's popularity soared, mitigating residual discontent over the Hastings affair and the bedchamber crisis. Her daughter, also named Victoria, was born on 21 November 1840. The Queen hated being pregnant, viewed breast-feeding with disgust, and thought newborn babies were ugly. Nevertheless, over the following seventeen years, she and Albert had a further eight children: Albert Edward, Prince of Wales (b. 1841), Alice (b. 1843), Alfred (b. 1844), Helena (b. 1846), Louise (b. 1848), Arthur (b. 1850), Leopold (b. 1853) and Beatrice (b. 1857).

Question: What year was Queen Victorias first pregnancy?
Answer: 1840

Question: Who attempted to assasinate Victoria while she was riding in a carriage?
Answer: Edward Oxford

Question: How old was Edward Oxford?
Answer: 18

Question: Who was riding in the carriage with Victoria when Oxford attempted to assasinate her?
Answer: Prince Albert

Question: How many times did Oxford fire the gun at Victoria and miss?
Answer: twice

Question: Who tried to assassinate Queen Victoria while she was pregnant with her first child?
Answer: Edward Oxford

Question: Queen Victoria and Prince Albert had how many more children after Victoria's birth? 
Answer: eight

Question: When was Queen Victoria's first daughter born? 
Answer: 21 November 1840

Question: What year was Albert Edward, Queen Victoria's first born son born? 
Answer: 1841

Question: What major life event was Victoria facing when she also had to contend with her first assassination attempt?
Answer: first pregnancy

Question: When was Victoria's first assassination attempt?
Answer: 1840

Question: What did the first assassination attempt do for Victoria's reign?
Answer: popularity soared

Question: What was Edward Oxford charged with after his assassination attempt?
Answer: high treason

Question: What happened to Edward Oxford to after he was found guilty of high treason?
Answer: acquitted on the grounds of insanity
Between April 1877 and February 1878, she threatened five times to abdicate while pressuring Disraeli to act against Russia during the Russo-Turkish War, but her threats had no impact on the events or their conclusion with the Congress of Berlin. Disraeli's expansionist foreign policy, which Victoria endorsed, led to conflicts such as the Anglo-Zulu War and the Second Anglo-Afghan War. "If we are to maintain our position as a first-rate Power", she wrote, "we must ... be Prepared for attacks and wars, somewhere or other, CONTINUALLY." Victoria saw the expansion of the British Empire as civilising and benign, protecting native peoples from more aggressive powers or cruel rulers: "It is not in our custom to annexe countries", she said, "unless we are obliged & forced to do so." To Victoria's dismay, Disraeli lost the 1880 general election, and Gladstone returned as prime minister. When Disraeli died the following year, she was blinded by "fast falling tears", and erected a memorial tablet "placed by his grateful Sovereign and Friend, Victoria R.I."

Question: Who did Victoria try to convince Disraeli  to act against during the Russo-Turkish war?
Answer: Russia

Question: What impact did Victorias threats have on the impact of the Russo=Turkish war?
Answer: no impact

Question: What Disraeli policy did Victoria endorse?
Answer: expansionist foreign policy

Question: Who lost the Disraeli general election in 1880?
Answer: Disraeli

Question: Who returned as prime minister when Disraeli lost the general election in 1880?
Answer: Gladstone

Question: What caused Queen Victoria to threaten to abdicate five times? 
Answer: Russo-Turkish War

Question: What ended the Russo-Turkish War?
Answer: Congress of Berlin

Question: Why did Queen Victoria want to take over other countries? 
Answer: protecting native peoples from more aggressive powers or cruel rulers

Question: Who was elected Prime Minister after Disareli lost the election in 1880?
Answer: Gladstone

Question: To whom did Queen Victoria dedicate a memorial after his death for grateful service? 
Answer: Disraeli

Question: What position did Victoria take on how to be a successful and top notch power?
Answer: be Prepared for attacks and wars, somewhere or other, CONTINUALLY

Question: Who won the 1880 general election?
Answer: Gladstone

Question: What conflicts can be attributed to Disraeli's stance on foreign policy?
Answer: Anglo-Zulu War and the Second Anglo-Afghan War

Question: What did Victoria place to memorialize Disraeli?
Answer: a memorial tablet
Napoleon III, since the Crimean War Britain's closest ally, visited London in April 1855, and from 17 to 28 August the same year Victoria and Albert returned the visit. Napoleon III met the couple at Dunkirk and accompanied them to Paris. They visited the Exposition Universelle (a successor to Albert's 1851 brainchild the Great Exhibition) and Napoleon I's tomb at Les Invalides (to which his remains had only been returned in 1840), and were guests of honour at a 1,200-guest ball at the Palace of Versailles.

Question: who was britains closest ally since the Crimean war?
Answer: Napoleon III

Question: When did Napoleon iii visit London?
Answer: April 1855

Question: Where did Napoleon Meet Victoria and Albert?
Answer: Dunkirk

Question: Napoleon accompanied Victoria and Alber to what city diring the visit?
Answer: Paris

Question: Victoria and Albert were the guests of honor at a large ball that took place where?
Answer: the Palace of Versailles

Question: Who was Britains's closest ally following the Crimean War?
Answer: Napoleon III

Question: What did Napoleon III and the royal couple visit? 
Answer: Exposition Universelle

Question: When were Napoleon I remains returned to their resting place at Les Invalides? 
Answer: 1840

Question: How many guests attented a ball at the Palace of Versaille with Napoleon III and the royal couple in attendence?
Answer: 1,200

Question: Where did Napoleon III meet Victoria and Albert, before accompanying them to Paris?
Answer: Dunkirk

Question: When were Napoleon I's remains interred in his mausoleum?
Answer: 1840

Question: Who was Britian's closest ally after the Crimean War?
Answer: Napoleon III

Question: Where were Victoria and Albert honored guests at ball thrown by Napoleon III?
Answer: Palace of Versailles

Question: When did Napoleon III visit London?
Answer: April 1855
Following a custom she maintained throughout her widowhood, Victoria spent the Christmas of 1900 at Osborne House on the Isle of Wight. Rheumatism in her legs had rendered her lame, and her eyesight was clouded by cataracts. Through early January, she felt "weak and unwell", and by mid-January she was "drowsy ... dazed, [and] confused". She died on Tuesday, 22 January 1901, at half past six in the evening, at the age of 81. Her son and successor King Edward VII, and her eldest grandson, Emperor Wilhelm II of Germany, were at her deathbed. Her favourite pet Pomeranian, Turri, was laid upon her deathbed as a last request.

Question: Where did Victoria spend the Christmas of 1900?
Answer: Osborne House

Question: Where was osborne House that Victoria spent christmas at located?
Answer: on the Isle of Wight

Question: What had caused Victoria to be lame?
Answer: Rheumatism in her legs

Question: Why was Victorias eyesight clouded?
Answer: cataracts

Question: What was the date of Queen Victorias death?
Answer: 22 January 1901

Question: Where was Osborne House located?
Answer: Isle of Wight

Question: When did Queen Victoria die? 
Answer: Tuesday, 22 January 1901

Question: How old was Queen Victoria upon her death? 
Answer: 81

Question: Who was Queen Victoria's successor after her death? 
Answer: King Edward VII

Question: Who did she wish to see on her deathbed, making it her last request? 
Answer: pet Pomeranian, Turri

Question: Where did Victoria usually spend Christmases?
Answer: Osborne House on the Isle of Wight

Question: What caused Victoria limited mobility later in life?
Answer: Rheumatism

Question: Whaen did Queen Victoria die?
Answer: Tuesday, 22 January 1901

Question: How old was Victoria when she died?
Answer: 81

Question: Who was Queen Victoria's successor?
Answer: King Edward VII
In the 1874 general election, Disraeli was returned to power. He passed the Public Worship Regulation Act 1874, which removed Catholic rituals from the Anglican liturgy and which Victoria strongly supported. She preferred short, simple services, and personally considered herself more aligned with the presbyterian Church of Scotland than the episcopal Church of England. He also pushed the Royal Titles Act 1876 through Parliament, so that Victoria took the title "Empress of India" from 1 May 1876. The new title was proclaimed at the Delhi Durbar of 1 January 1877.

Question: What Act did Disraeli push through Parliment in 1876?
Answer: Royal Titles Act 1876

Question: In 1876 Victoria held what title?
Answer: Empress of India

Question: What year was the Public Worship Regulation Act passed?
Answer: 1874

Question: What Church did Victoria consider herself aligned with?
Answer: presbyterian Church of Scotland

Question: In a general election of what year was Disraeli returned to power?
Answer: 1874

Question: What removed Catholic Rituals from Anglican services? 
Answer: Public Worship Regulation Act 1874

Question: Which church did Queen Victoria consider her favorite? 
Answer: presbyterian Church of Scotland

Question: Who published the Royal Titles Act of 1876?
Answer: Disraeli

Question: When was Queen Victoria named the Empress of India? 
Answer: 1 May 1876

Question: Where was the new title of Empress of India proclaimed? 
Answer: Delhi Durbar

Question: When was Disraeli returned to office?
Answer: 1874

Question: What change, supported by Victoria, did Disraeli make to the Anglician liturgy?
Answer: removed Catholic rituals

Question: Where did Victoria really align herself when it came to religion?
Answer: presbyterian Church of Scotland

Question: What allowed Victoria to become the Empress of India?
Answer: Royal Titles Act 1876

Question: Whic act, passed by Disraeli, allowed him to alter the Anglician liturgy?
Answer: Public Worship Regulation Act 1874
Through Victoria's reign, the gradual establishment of a modern constitutional monarchy in Britain continued. Reforms of the voting system increased the power of the House of Commons at the expense of the House of Lords and the monarch. In 1867, Walter Bagehot wrote that the monarch only retained "the right to be consulted, the right to encourage, and the right to warn". As Victoria's monarchy became more symbolic than political, it placed a strong emphasis on morality and family values, in contrast to the sexual, financial and personal scandals that had been associated with previous members of the House of Hanover and which had discredited the monarchy. The concept of the "family monarchy", with which the burgeoning middle classes could identify, was solidified.

Question: What kind of monarchy was formed under Queen Victoria?
Answer: modern constitutional monarchy

Question: Reforms to what system increased the power of the house fo commons?
Answer: the voting system

Question: As Victorias rule became less polital, what values were emphasized?
Answer: morality and family values

Question: What type of monarchy was established as time went on in Victorias rule?
Answer: family monarchy

Question: How did the reforms of Britains voting system affect the House of Commons? 
Answer: increased the power

Question: What was most important as the monarchy under Queen Victoria shifted from political to symbolic? 
Answer: emphasis on morality and family values

Question: What idea was solidified to which the increasing middle classes in Britain could identify with?
Answer: family monarchy

Question: What was Queen Victoria's reign considered? 
Answer: modern constitutional monarchy

Question: What kind of government was Victoria's reign leaning towards?
Answer: modern constitutional monarchy

Question: What increased the power in the House of Commons?
Answer: Reforms of the voting system

Question: Who paid the price for the reforms of the voting system?
Answer: House of Lords and the monarch

Question: Rather than political, what was Victoria's monarchy seen as?
Answer: symbolic

Question: What was a monarchy that the more middle clas could get behind and support?
Answer: family
Victoria was pleased when Gladstone resigned in 1885 after his budget was defeated. She thought his government was "the worst I have ever had", and blamed him for the death of General Gordon at Khartoum. Gladstone was replaced by Lord Salisbury. Salisbury's government only lasted a few months, however, and Victoria was forced to recall Gladstone, whom she referred to as a "half crazy & really in many ways ridiculous old man". Gladstone attempted to pass a bill granting Ireland home rule, but to Victoria's glee it was defeated. In the ensuing election, Gladstone's party lost to Salisbury's and the government switched hands again.

Question: What year did Gladstone resign?
Answer: 1885

Question: Gladstone resigned after what was defeted?
Answer: his budget

Question: Victoria blamed Gladstone for the death of who?
Answer: General Gordon at Khartoum.

Question: Who replaced Gladstone after he resigned?
Answer: Lord Salisbury

Question: How long did Lord Salisburys government last?
Answer: a few months

Question: What man was Gladstone blamed for after his death at Khartoum?
Answer: General Gordon

Question: Who replaced Gladstone for only a few short months? 
Answer: Lord Salisbury

Question: What did the bill Gladstone failed to pass state, much to Queen Victoria's pleasure? 
Answer: granting Ireland home rule

Question: Who defeated Gladstone yet again in the general elction?
Answer: Salisbury

Question: Why did Gladstone resign in 1885? 
Answer: his budget was defeated

Question: When did Gladstone resign?
Answer: 1885

Question: Why did Gladstone resign?
Answer: his budget was defeated

Question: How did Victoria feel about the resignation of Gladstone?
Answer: pleased

Question: Who's death did Victoria blame on Gladstone?
Answer: General Gordon

Question: Who replaced Gladstone?
Answer: Lord Salisbury
According to one of her biographers, Giles St Aubyn, Victoria wrote an average of 2,500 words a day during her adult life. From July 1832 until just before her death, she kept a detailed journal, which eventually encompassed 122 volumes. After Victoria's death, her youngest daughter, Princess Beatrice, was appointed her literary executor. Beatrice transcribed and edited the diaries covering Victoria's accession onwards, and burned the originals in the process. Despite this destruction, much of the diaries still exist. In addition to Beatrice's edited copy, Lord Esher transcribed the volumes from 1832 to 1861 before Beatrice destroyed them. Part of Victoria's extensive correspondence has been published in volumes edited by A. C. Benson, Hector Bolitho, George Earle Buckle, Lord Esher, Roger Fulford, and Richard Hough among others.

Question: How many words a day did Victoria write?
Answer: average of 2,500

Question: What year did Victoria begin keeping a journal?
Answer: 1832

Question: How many volumes was Queen Victorias journal?
Answer: 122

Question: Who was Victorias youngest daughter?
Answer: Princess Beatrice

Question: What did Beatrice do to her mothers diaries after her death?
Answer: transcribed and edited

Question: How many journals did Queen Victoria write in her lifetime?
Answer: 122

Question: What did Beatrice do with the journals after she transcribed and edited them? 
Answer: burned the originals

Question: Who was appointed as Queen Victoria's literary executor upon her death? 
Answer: Princess Beatrice

Question: Who transcribed Queen Victoria's journals from 1832 to 1861? 
Answer: Lord Esher

Question: What biographer said Queen Victoria wrote an average of 2500 words a day in her journals?
Answer: Giles St Aubyn

Question: How avid of a writer was the Queen?
Answer: Victoria wrote an average of 2,500 words a day

Question: How many volumes did her journal span?
Answer: 122 volumes

Question: What did Beatrice do with her mother's journals?
Answer: transcribed and edited

Question: Who was Victoria's literary executer?
Answer: her youngest daughter, Princess Beatrice

Question: What did Beatrice do with the origional volumes of her mother's diaries?
Answer: burned
Relations between Grand Lodges are determined by the concept of Recognition. Each Grand Lodge maintains a list of other Grand Lodges that it recognises. When two Grand Lodges recognise and are in Masonic communication with each other, they are said to be in amity, and the brethren of each may visit each other's Lodges and interact Masonically. When two Grand Lodges are not in amity, inter-visitation is not allowed. There are many reasons why one Grand Lodge will withhold or withdraw recognition from another, but the two most common are Exclusive Jurisdiction and Regularity.

Question: What concept determines relationships between Grand Lodges?
Answer: Recognition

Question: What must two lodges be in, in order to inter-visit?
Answer: amity

Question: What, besides Recognition, must happen between two Grand Lodges in order for them to be considered in amity? 
Answer: Masonic communication

Question: What can be causes of one Grand Lodge withdrawing Recognition from another?
Answer: Exclusive Jurisdiction and Regularity

Question: What are the members of a Grand Lodge called?
Answer: brethren

Question: Gran Lodges are in what when they are in Masonic Communication with each other?
Answer: amity

Question: What concept is used to determine relations between Grand Lodges?
Answer: Recognition

Question: What does each Grand Lodge maintain?
Answer: a list

Question: What is not allowed when Grand Lodges are not in amity? 
Answer: inter-visitation

Question: What are the two most common reasons one Grand Lodge will withhold recognition from another?
Answer: Exclusive Jurisdiction and Regularity
In contrast to Catholic allegations of rationalism and naturalism, Protestant objections are more likely to be based on allegations of mysticism, occultism, and even Satanism. Masonic scholar Albert Pike is often quoted (in some cases misquoted) by Protestant anti-Masons as an authority for the position of Masonry on these issues. However, Pike, although undoubtedly learned, was not a spokesman for Freemasonry and was also controversial among Freemasons in general. His writings represented his personal opinion only, and furthermore an opinion grounded in the attitudes and understandings of late 19th century Southern Freemasonry of the USA. Notably, his book carries in the preface a form of disclaimer from his own Grand Lodge. No one voice has ever spoken for the whole of Freemasonry.

Question: What are some Protestant objections to Freemasonry?
Answer: mysticism, occultism, and even Satanism

Question: What are Catholic objections to Freemasonry?
Answer: rationalism and naturalism

Question: Who is generally accepted as the voice of Freemasonry?
Answer: No one voice

Question: Who do the Protestant anti-Masons believe is the absolute authority on the use of mysticism, Satanism and occultism in Freemasonry?
Answer: Albert Pike

Question: What was Albert Pike actually more of an expert in?
Answer: late 19th century Southern Freemasonry of the USA

Question: What religion alleged Freemasons as Satanic?
Answer: Protestant

Question: What religion alleged Freemasons as unnatural and irrational? 
Answer: Catholic

Question: Who was controversial among Freemasons?
Answer: Albert Pike

Question: Who has spoke for all Freemasons?
Answer: No one

Question: Albert Pike's opinions were grounded in what?
Answer: late 19th century Southern Freemasonry of the USA
Many Islamic anti-Masonic arguments are closely tied to both antisemitism and Anti-Zionism, though other criticisms are made such as linking Freemasonry to al-Masih ad-Dajjal (the false Messiah). Some Muslim anti-Masons argue that Freemasonry promotes the interests of the Jews around the world and that one of its aims is to destroy the Al-Aqsa Mosque in order to rebuild the Temple of Solomon in Jerusalem. In article 28 of its Covenant, Hamas states that Freemasonry, Rotary, and other similar groups "work in the interest of Zionism and according to its instructions ..."

Question: What do Islamic anti-masonics link Freemasonry to?
Answer: al-Masih ad-Dajjal (the false Messiah

Question: Why do muslim anti-masonics believe that the Freemasons want to destroy the Al-Aqsa Mosque?
Answer: rebuild the Temple of Solomon in Jerusalem

Question: What is another group that anti-masonic muslims link to zionism?
Answer: Rotary

Question: What are most of the arguements by anti-masonic muslims centered on? 
Answer: antisemitism and Anti-Zionism

Question: Who's interests are the muslin anti-masonics afraid that the Freemasons are protecting?
Answer: Jews

Question: What do many Islamic and anti-Masonic argue about Freemasonry?
Answer: linking Freemasonry to al-Masih ad-Dajjal (the false Messiah)

Question: Some Muslims argue that Freemasonry promotes what?
Answer: the interests of the Jews

Question: What article states that Freemasonry work in the interest of Zionism?
Answer: article 28
Candidates for Freemasonry will have met most active members of the Lodge they are joining before they are initiated. The process varies between jurisdictions, but the candidate will typically have been introduced by a friend at a Lodge social function, or at some form of open evening in the Lodge. In modern times, interested people often track down a local Lodge through the Internet. The onus is on candidates to ask to join; while candidates may be encouraged to ask, they are never invited. Once the initial inquiry is made, an interview usually follows to determine the candidate's suitability. If the candidate decides to proceed from here, the Lodge ballots on the application before he (or she, depending on the Masonic Jurisdiction) can be accepted.

Question: How are Freemasons invited to join a lodge?
Answer: they are never invited

Question: How does one become a Freemason?
Answer: The onus is on candidates to ask to join

Question: Can women ask to be a member of the Masonic Lodge?
Answer: depending on the Masonic Jurisdiction

Question: How can you find a lodge to ask to be a member of?
Answer: track down a local Lodge through the Internet

Question: Candidates for Freemasonry must do what before being initiated? 
Answer: will have met most active members of the Lodge they are joining

Question: Candidates are normally introduced to the lodge by whom?
Answer: a friend

Question: Now days, many interested people find a Masonic Lodge using what?
Answer: the Internet

Question: Candidates are never what to a Masonic lodge?
Answer: never invited

Question: What usually follows an initial inquiry of a candidate?
Answer: an interview
In July 2006, a Hezbollah artillery assault on Israel's northern border communities and a cross-border abduction of two Israeli soldiers precipitated the month-long Second Lebanon War. On 6 September 2007, the Israeli Air Force destroyed a nuclear reactor in Syria. In May 2008, Israel confirmed it had been discussing a peace treaty with Syria for a year, with Turkey as a go-between. However, at the end of the year, Israel entered another conflict as a ceasefire between Hamas and Israel collapsed. The Gaza War lasted three weeks and ended after Israel announced a unilateral ceasefire. Hamas announced its own ceasefire, with its own conditions of complete withdrawal and opening of border crossings. Despite neither the rocket launchings nor Israeli retaliatory strikes having completely stopped, the fragile ceasefire remained in order. In what Israel described as a response to more than a hundred Palestinian rocket attacks on southern Israeli cities, Israel began an operation in Gaza on 14 November 2012, lasting eight days. Israel started another operation in Gaza following an escalation of rocket attacks by Hamas in July 2014.

Question: When did the Israeli Air Force destroy a nuclear reactor in Syria?
Answer: 6 September 2007

Question: Who announced its own ceasefire? 
Answer: Hamas

Question: How long did the operation in Gaza in November last?
Answer: eight days
Israel operates under a parliamentary system as a democratic republic with universal suffrage. A member of parliament supported by a parliamentary majority becomes the prime minister—usually this is the chair of the largest party. The prime minister is the head of government and head of the cabinet. Israel is governed by a 120-member parliament, known as the Knesset. Membership of the Knesset is based on proportional representation of political parties, with a 3.25% electoral threshold, which in practice has resulted in coalition governments.

Question: Israel operates under what kind of system?
Answer: parliamentary

Question: How many members are in the Knesset?
Answer: 120

Question: Knesset member is based on what?
Answer: proportional representation of political parties
Israeli cuisine has adopted, and continues to adapt, elements of various styles of Jewish cuisine, particularly the Mizrahi, Sephardic, and Ashkenazi styles of cooking, along with Moroccan Jewish, Iraqi Jewish, Ethiopian Jewish, Indian Jewish, Iranian Jewish and Yemeni Jewish influences. It incorporates many foods traditionally eaten in the Arab, Middle Eastern and Mediterranean cuisines, such as falafel, hummus, shakshouka, couscous, and za'atar, which have become common ingredients in Israeli cuisine. Schnitzel, pizza, hamburgers, French fries, rice and salad are also very common in Israel.[citation needed]

Question: What styles of cooking has Israeli cuisine adopted?
Answer: Mizrahi, Sephardic, and Ashkenazi

Question: What common ingredients are in Israeli cuisine?
Answer: falafel, hummus, shakshouka, couscous, and za'atar

Question: Schnitzel, pizza, hamburgers, French fries, rice and salad are also very common where?
Answer: Israel
The Hellenistic period covers the period of ancient Greek (Hellenic) history and Mediterranean history between the death of Alexander the Great in 323 BC and the emergence of the Roman Empire as signified by the Battle of Actium in 31 BC and the subsequent conquest of Ptolemaic Egypt the following year. At this time, Greek cultural influence and power was at its peak in Europe, Africa and Asia, experiencing prosperity and progress in the arts, exploration, literature, theatre, architecture, music, mathematics, philosophy, and science. For example, competitive public games took place, ideas in biology, and popular entertainment in theaters. It is often considered a period of transition, sometimes even of decadence or degeneration, compared to the enlightenment of the Greek Classical era. The Hellenistic period saw the rise of New Comedy, Alexandrian poetry, the Septuagint and the philosophies of Stoicism and Epicureanism. Greek Science was advanced by the works of the mathematician Euclid and the polymath Archimedes. The religious sphere expanded to include new gods such as the Greco-Egyptian Serapis, eastern deities such as Attis and Cybele and the Greek adoption of Buddhism.

Question: What mathematician advance Greek Science?
Answer: Greek Science

Question: What period saw the rise of New Comedy?
Answer: Hellenistic

Question: When was the Battle of Actium?
Answer: 31 BC

Question: When did Alexander the Great die?
Answer: 323 BC

Question: What period saw the rise of the Septuagint?
Answer: Hellenistic

Question: dd
Answer: yptian Se

Question: dd
Answer: Buddh

Question: dd
Answer: m and E

Question: dd
Answer: Buddhism

Question: d
Answer: the Gre

Question: What ruler's death in 323 BC marks the beginning of the Hellenistic period?
Answer: Alexander the Great

Question: In what year did the Battle of Actium take place?
Answer: 31 BC

Question: What kingdom did the Romans take over the year after the Battle of Actium?
Answer: Ptolemaic Egypt

Question: What type of poetry debuted in the Hellenistic period?
Answer: Alexandrian poetry

Question: What ancient religion did Greece embrace during the Hellenistic period?
Answer: Buddhism

Question: What signified the emergence of the Roman Empire?
Answer: Battle of Actium

Question: What event is the recognized beginning of the Hellenistic Period?
Answer: death of Alexander the Great

Question: Who advanced Greek Science?
Answer: the mathematician Euclid and the polymath Archimedes
The major issue with the term Hellenistic lies in its convenience, as the spread of Greek culture was not the generalized phenomenon that the term implies. Some areas of the conquered world were more affected by Greek influences than others. The term Hellenistic also implies that the Greek populations were of majority in the areas in which they settled, while in many cases, the Greek settlers were actually the minority among the native populations. The Greek population and the native population did not always mix; the Greeks moved and brought their own culture, but interaction did not always occur.

Question: How much of the conquered world was affected by Greek influences?
Answer: Some

Question: How often did Greek population and natives mix?
Answer: not always

Question: What term implies that Greek populations were a majority in the regions they settled?
Answer: Hellenistic

Question: I couldn't could up with another question. But i need to fill this space because I can't submit the hit. 
Answer: moved
Meleager and the infantry supported the candidacy of Alexander's half-brother, Philip Arrhidaeus, while Perdiccas, the leading cavalry commander, supported waiting until the birth of Alexander's unborn child by Roxana. After the infantry stormed the palace of Babylon, a compromise was arranged – Arrhidaeus (as Philip III) should become king, and should rule jointly with Roxana's child, assuming that it was a boy (as it was, becoming Alexander IV). Perdiccas himself would become regent (epimeletes) of the empire, and Meleager his lieutenant. Soon, however, Perdiccas had Meleager and the other infantry leaders murdered, and assumed full control. The generals who had supported Perdiccas were rewarded in the partition of Babylon by becoming satraps of the various parts of the empire, but Perdiccas' position was shaky, because, as Arrian writes, "everyone was suspicious of him, and he of them".

Question: Who was Philip Arrhidaues' half brother?
Answer: Alexander

Question: Who was the leading calvary commander?
Answer: Perdiccas

Question: Who order the death of Meleager?
Answer: Perdiccas

Question: What city was partitioned to the generals who supported Perdiccas?
Answer: Babylon

Question: Who documented that Perdiccas' was under suspicion? 
Answer: Arrian
Sparta remained independent, but it was no longer the leading military power in the Peloponnese. The Spartan king Cleomenes III (235–222 BCE) staged a military coup against the conservative ephors and pushed through radical social and land reforms in order to increase the size of the shrinking Spartan citizenry able to provide military service and restore Spartan power. Sparta's bid for supremacy was crushed at the Battle of Sellasia (222) by the Achaean league and Macedon, who restored the power of the ephors.

Question: What years did Cleomenes III rule?
Answer: 235–222 BCE

Question: In 222 BCE, Sparta lost what Battle?
Answer: Battle of Sellasia

Question: Who was defeated at the Battle of Sellasia?
Answer: Sparta

Question: What was Sparta's afilliation in the Peloponnese?
Answer: independent

Question: I couldn't could up with another question. But i need to fill this space because I can't submit the hit. 
Answer: refor
One of the few city states who managed to maintain full independence from the control of any Hellenistic kingdom was Rhodes. With a skilled navy to protect its trade fleets from pirates and an ideal strategic position covering the routes from the east into the Aegean, Rhodes prospered during the Hellenistic period. It became a center of culture and commerce, its coins were widely circulated and its philosophical schools became one of the best in the mediterranean. After holding out for one year under siege by Demetrius Poliorcetes (304-305 BCE), the Rhodians built the Colossus of Rhodes to commemorate their victory. They retained their independence by the maintenance of a powerful navy, by maintaining a carefully neutral posture and acting to preserve the balance of power between the major Hellenistic kingdoms.

Question: What did Rhodians build to commemorate their victory over Demetrius Poliorcetes?
Answer: Colossus of Rhodes

Question: What period did Rhodes prosper?
Answer: Hellenistic

Question: What military force helped Rhodes maintain their independence?
Answer: navy

Question: What years were Rhodes under attack by Demetrius Poliorcetes?
Answer: 304-305 BCE

Question: I couldn't could up with another question. But i need to fill this space because I can't submit the hit. 
Answer: tes (3
During the Hellenistic period, Judea became a frontier region between the Seleucid Empire and Ptolemaic Egypt and therefore was often the frontline of the Syrian wars, changing hands several times during these conflicts. Under the Hellenistic kingdoms, Judea was ruled by the hereditary office of the High Priest of Israel as a Hellenistic vassal. This period also saw the rise of a Hellenistic Judaism, which first developed in the Jewish diaspora of Alexandria and Antioch, and then spread to Judea. The major literary product of this cultural syncretism is the Septuagint translation of the Hebrew Bible from Biblical Hebrew and Biblical Aramaic to Koiné Greek. The reason for the production of this translation seems to be that many of the Alexandrian Jews had lost the ability to speak Hebrew and Aramaic.

Question: What are was in between the Seleucid Empire and Ptolemaic Egypt during Hellenistic times?
Answer: Judea

Question: What religion rose in Judea durring the Hellenistic period?
Answer: Judaism

Question: Hellenistic Judaism was developed in Alexandria and what other region?
Answer: Antioch

Question: Judea was ruled by whom during the Hellenistic period?
Answer: High Priest of Israel

Question: I couldn't could up with another question. But i need to fill this space because I can't submit the hit. 
Answer: y of
After Demetrius' death, civil wars between Bactrian kings in India allowed Apollodotus I (from c. 180/175 BCE) to make himself independent as the first proper Indo-Greek king (who did not rule from Bactria). Large numbers of his coins have been found in India, and he seems to have reigned in Gandhara as well as western Punjab. Apollodotus I was succeeded by or ruled alongside Antimachus II, likely the son of the Bactrian king Antimachus I. In about 155 (or 165) BC he seems to have been succeeded by the most successful of the Indo-Greek kings, Menander I. Menander converted to Buddhism, and seems to have been a great patron of the religion; he is remembered in some Buddhist texts as 'Milinda'. He also expanded the kingdom further east into Punjab, though these conquests were rather ephemeral.

Question: Who was the first Indo-Greek king who did not rule from Bactria?
Answer: Apollodotus I

Question: Who succeeded or ruled alongside Apollodotus I?
Answer: Antimachus II

Question: Who succeeded Antimachus II?
Answer: Menander I

Question: What religion did Menander I convert to?
Answer: Buddhism

Question: What was Menander I refered to by in Buddhist texts?
Answer: Milinda
After the death of Menander (c. 130 BC), the Kingdom appears to have fragmented, with several 'kings' attested contemporaneously in different regions. This inevitably weakened the Greek position, and territory seems to have been lost progressively. Around 70 BC, the western regions of Arachosia and Paropamisadae were lost to tribal invasions, presumably by those tribes responsible for the end of the Bactrian kingdom. The resulting Indo-Scythian kingdom seems to have gradually pushed the remaining Indo-Greek kingdom towards the east. The Indo-Greek kingdom appears to have lingered on in western Punjab until about 10 AD when finally ended by the Indo-Scythians.

Question: When did Menander die?
Answer: 130 BC

Question: What kingdom forced the Indo-Greek kingdom to the east?
Answer: Indo-Scythian

Question: Around 70 BC, Arachosia and what other region where taken over by tribal invasion?
Answer: Paropamisadae

Question: I couldn't could up with another question. But i need to fill this space because I can't submit the hit. 
Answer: dom. The resulting Indo-Scythian kingdom seems to have gradually pushed the remaining Indo-Greek

Question: I couldn't could up with another question. But i need to fill this space because I can't submit the hit. 
Answer: in
The level of Hellenistic achievement in astronomy and engineering is impressively shown by the Antikythera mechanism (150–100 BC). It is a 37-gear mechanical computer which computed the motions of the Sun and Moon, including lunar and solar eclipses predicted on the basis of astronomical periods believed to have been learned from the Babylonians. Devices of this sort are not found again until the 10th century, when a simpler eight-geared luni-solar calculator incorporated into an astrolabe was described by the Persian scholar, Al-Biruni.[not in citation given] Similarly complex devices were also developed by other Muslim engineers and astronomers during the Middle Ages.[not in citation given]

Question: What is the name of the 37 gear computer which noted the motions of the Sun and Moon?
Answer: Antikythera mechanism

Question: Until what century were similar devices like the Antikythera mechanism found?
Answer: 10th

Question: What Persian scholar noted the 10th century calculator similar to the Antikythera mechanism?
Answer: Al-Biruni

Question: What range of years is the Antikythera mechanism thought to have been created?
Answer: 150–100 BC
After returning from Egypt, Napoleon engineered a coup in November 1799 and became First Consul of the Republic. Another victory over the Austrians at the Battle of Marengo in 1800 secured his political power. With the Concordat of 1801, Napoleon restored the religious privileges of the Catholic Church while keeping the lands seized by the Revolution. The state continued to nominate the bishops and to control church finances. He extended his political control over France until the Senate declared him Emperor of the French in 1804, launching the French Empire. Intractable differences with the British meant that the French were facing a Third Coalition by 1805. Napoleon shattered this coalition with decisive victories in the Ulm Campaign and a historic triumph at the Battle of Austerlitz, which led to the elimination of the Holy Roman Empire. In October 1805, however, a Franco-Spanish fleet was destroyed at the Battle of Trafalgar, allowing Britain to impose a naval blockade of the French coasts. In retaliation, Napoleon established the Continental System in 1806 to cut off continental trade with Britain. The Fourth Coalition took up arms against him the same year because Prussia became worried about growing French influence on the continent. Napoleon knocked out Prussia at the battles of Jena and Auerstedt, then turned his attention towards the Russians and annihilated them in June 1807 at Friedland, which forced the Russians to accept the Treaties of Tilsit.

Question: When did Napoleon engineer a coup?
Answer: November 1799

Question: What victory in 1800 secured Napoleon's political power?
Answer: Battle of Marengo

Question: What document restored the religious privileges of the Catholic Church?
Answer: Concordat of 1801

Question: When was Napoleon named Emperor of the French?
Answer: 1804

Question: What did Napoleon eliminate in October 1805?
Answer: Holy Roman Empire

Question: Napoleon's political power was secured by his victory at which 1800 battle?
Answer: the Battle of Marengo

Question: At the Concordat of 1801, Napoleon restored the religious privileges of what entity? 
Answer: the Catholic Church

Question: When did the French Senate declare Napoleon Emperor?
Answer: 1804

Question: Napoleon's victory at which battle led to the end of the Holy Roman Empire?
Answer: the Battle of Austerlitz

Question: The results of which battle allowed the British to blockade French coasts?
Answer: the Battle of Trafalgar
Upon graduating in September 1785, Bonaparte was commissioned a second lieutenant in La Fère artillery regiment.[note 4] He served in Valence and Auxonne until after the outbreak of the Revolution in 1789, and took nearly two years' leave in Corsica and Paris during this period. At this time, he was a fervent Corsican nationalist, and wrote to Corsican leader Pasquale Paoli in May 1789, "As the nation was perishing I was born. Thirty thousand Frenchmen were vomited on to our shores, drowning the throne of liberty in waves of blood. Such was the odious sight which was the first to strike me."

Question: When did Napoleon graduate?
Answer: September 1785

Question: What commission did Napoleon receive upon his graduation?
Answer: second lieutenant

Question: What military unit did Napoleon first serve in after his graduation?
Answer: La Fère artillery regiment

Question: What Corsican leader did Napoleon write in 1789 expressing his nationalist sentiments?
Answer: Pasquale Paoli

Question: When did the Revolution begin?
Answer: 1789
Napoleon established a political system that historian Martyn Lyons called "dictatorship by plebiscite." Worried by the democratic forces unleashed by the Revolution, but unwilling to ignore them entirely, Napoleon resorted to regular electoral consultations with the French people on his road to imperial power. He drafted the Constitution of the Year VIII and secured his own election as First Consul, taking up residence at the Tuileries. The constitution was approved in a rigged plebiscite held the following January, with 99.94 percent officially listed as voting "yes." Napoleon's brother, Lucien, had falsified the returns to show that 3 million people had participated in the plebiscite; the real number was 1.5 million. Political observers at the time assumed the eligible French voting public numbered about 5 million people, so the regime artificially doubled the participation rate to indicate popular enthusiasm for the Consulate. In the first few months of the Consulate, with war in Europe still raging and internal instability still plaguing the country, Napoleon's grip on power remained very tenuous.

Question: What was historian Martin Lyons' term for the political system created by Napoleon?
Answer: "dictatorship by plebiscite."

Question:  What was the name of the constitution drafted by Napoleon?
Answer: the Constitution of the Year VIII

Question:   After his election to First Consul, where did Napoleon take up residence?
Answer: the Tuileries.

Question:  What percentage of the vote was recorded as approving Napoleon's constitution?
Answer: 99.94

Question:  What was the real number of people that took part in the plebiscite that passed Napoleon's constitution?
Answer: 1.5 million