meithnav/squad huggingface dataset:
In 550 BC, Cyrus the Great, son of Mandane and Cambyses I, took over the Median Empire, and founded the Achaemenid Empire by unifying other city states. The conquest of Media was a result of what is called the Persian Revolt. The brouhaha was initially triggered by the actions of the Median ruler Astyages, and was quickly spread to other provinces, as they allied with the Persians. Later conquests under Cyrus and his successors expanded the empire to include Lydia, Babylon, Egypt, parts of the Balkans and Eastern Europe proper, as well as the lands to the west of the Indus and Oxus rivers.

Question: Who founded the Achaemenid Empire when the city states in Iran came together in unification?
Answer: Cyrus the Great

Question: When did Cyrus the Great found the Achaemenid Empire?
Answer: 550 BC

Question: Who triggered the Persian Revolt? 
Answer: the Median ruler Astyages

Question: What resulted from the Persian Revolt?
Answer: The conquest of Media
On November 4, 1979, a group of students seized the United States Embassy and took the embassy with 52 personnel and citizens hostage, after the United States refused to return Mohammad Reza Pahlavi to Iran to face trial in the court of the new regime. Attempts by the Jimmy Carter administration to negotiate for the release of the hostages, and a failed rescue attempt, helped force Carter out of office and brought Ronald Reagan to power. On Jimmy Carter's final day in office, the last hostages were finally set free as a result of the Algiers Accords.

Question: Who seized the US Embassy in Iran in 1979?
Answer: a group of students

Question: When was the US Embassy in Iran seized?
Answer: November 4, 1979

Question: ALl of the hostages were completely freed as the result of what treaty?
Answer: Algiers Accords

Question: Who won the 1980 US Presidential Elections after President Carter's repeated failed attempts to resolve the US Iranian Embassy situation? 
Answer: Ronald Reagan

Question: How many hostages were taken in the US Embassy seizure?
Answer: 52 personnel and citizens
On September 22, 1980, the Iraqi army invaded the Iranian Khuzestan, and the Iran–Iraq War began. Although the forces of Saddam Hussein made several early advances, by mid 1982, the Iranian forces successfully managed to drive the Iraqi army back into Iraq. In July 1982, with Iraq thrown on the defensive, Iran took the decision to invade Iraq and conducted countless offensives in a bid to conquer Iraqi territory and capture cities, such as Basra. The war continued until 1988, when the Iraqi army defeated the Iranian forces inside Iraq and pushed the remaining Iranian troops back across the border. Subsequently, Khomeini accepted a truce mediated by the UN. The total Iranian casualties in the war were estimated to be 123,220–160,000 KIA, 60,711 MIA, and 11,000–16,000 civilians killed.

Question: Who invaded Iran in 1980?
Answer: the Iraqi army

Question: When did the Iranian army push the Iraqis back into Iraq? 
Answer: mid 1982

Question: Who mediated the truce which ended the Iran-Iraq War?
Answer: the UN

Question: When did the Iran-Iraq War finally end?
Answer: 1988

Question: How many civilians in Iran were killed during the Iran-Iraq War?
Answer: 11,000–16,000
Iran has an area of 1,648,195 km2 (636,372 sq mi). Iran lies between latitudes 24° and 40° N, and longitudes 44° and 64° E. Its borders are with Azerbaijan (611 km or 380 mi, with Azerbaijan-Naxcivan exclave, 179 km or 111 mi) and Armenia (35 km or 22 mi) to the north-west; the Caspian Sea to the north; Turkmenistan (992 km or 616 mi) to the north-east; Pakistan (909 km or 565 mi) and Afghanistan (936 km or 582 mi) to the east; Turkey (499 km or 310 mi) and Iraq (1,458 km or 906 mi) to the west; and finally the waters of the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman to the south.

Question: What latitudes does Iran lie between?
Answer: 24° and 40° N

Question: What is the size of Iran?
Answer: 1,648,195 km2 (636,372 sq mi)

Question: Where does Iran border the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman?
Answer: to the south

Question: What longitudes does Iran lie between?
Answer: 44° and 64° E

Question: What does Iran border with to its north?
Answer: the Caspian Sea
To the west, settlements in the Zagros basin experience lower temperatures, severe winters with below zero average daily temperatures and heavy snowfall. The eastern and central basins are arid, with less than 200 mm (7.9 in) of rain, and have occasional deserts. Average summer temperatures rarely exceed 38 °C (100.4 °F). The coastal plains of the Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman in southern Iran have mild winters, and very humid and hot summers. The annual precipitation ranges from 135 to 355 mm (5.3 to 14.0 in).

Question: In Iran's western Zagros Basin, temperatures do not exceed what level during the summer?  
Answer: 38 °C (100.4 °F)

Question: In Iran's western Zagros Basin, what are the average daily temperatures during winter?
Answer: below zero

Question: The eastern and central basins of Iran experience how much annual precipitation?
Answer: less than 200 mm (7.9 in) of rain

Question: What is the coastal plains of Iran's annual precipitation ranges?
Answer: 135 to 355 mm (5.3 to 14.0 in)
Since 2005, Iran's nuclear program has become the subject of contention with the international community following earlier quotes of Iranian leadership favoring the use of an atomic bomb against Iran's enemies and in particular Israel. Many countries have expressed concern that Iran's nuclear program could divert civilian nuclear technology into a weapons program. This has led the UN Security Council to impose sanctions against Iran which had further isolated Iran politically and economically from the rest of the global community. In 2009, the US Director of National Intelligence said that Iran, if choosing to, would not be able to develop a nuclear weapon until 2013.

Question: Iran's nuclear program has caused discord within the international community since when?
Answer: Since 2005

Question: Which country did Iran's leadership was quoted as being a possible target of its atomic weapons?  
Answer: Israel

Question: Who imposed sanctions against Iran as a result of Iran's nuclear program?
Answer: UN Security Council

Question: When was it estimated by the US Director of National Intelligence that Iran would be able to develop a nuclear weapon?
Answer: 2013
Iran has a paramilitary, volunteer militia force within the IRGC, called the Basij, which includes about 90,000 full-time, active-duty uniformed members. Up to 11 million men and women are members of the Basij who could potentially be called up for service; GlobalSecurity.org estimates Iran could mobilize "up to one million men". This would be among the largest troop mobilizations in the world. In 2007, Iran's military spending represented 2.6% of the GDP or $102 per capita, the lowest figure of the Persian Gulf nations. Iran's military doctrine is based on deterrence. In 2014 arms spending the country spent $15 billion and was outspent by the states of the Gulf Cooperation Council by a factor of 13.

Question: What is Iran's volunteer militia force named?
Answer: the Basij

Question: How many full-time members does the Basij have?
Answer: 90,000

Question: How many members in total does the Basij have? 
Answer: Up to 11 million men and women

Question: In 2007 what was Iran spending 2.6% of its GDP on?
Answer: military spending

Question: In 2014, Iran spent how much on weapons spending?
Answer: $15 billion
The administration continues to follow the market reform plans of the previous one and indicated that it will diversify Iran's oil-reliant economy. Iran has also developed a biotechnology, nanotechnology, and pharmaceuticals industry. However, nationalized industries such as the bonyads have often been managed badly, making them ineffective and uncompetitive with years. Currently, the government is trying to privatize these industries, and, despite successes, there are still several problems to be overcome, such as the lagging corruption in the public sector and lack of competitiveness. In 2010, Iran was ranked 69, out of 139 nations, in the Global Competitiveness Report.

Question: What is a main goal of Iran's market reform plans?
Answer: diversify Iran's oil-reliant economy

Question: The Global COmpetitiveness Report in 2010 ranked Iran where out of 139 countries?
Answer: ranked 69

Question: What Iranian nationalized industry has been noncompetitive and managed badly? 
Answer: the bonyads

Question: What, along with a lack of competition, has held back Iran's nationalized industries?
Answer: lagging corruption in the public sector
In 2004, a large share of natural gas reserves in Iran were untapped. The addition of new hydroelectric stations and the streamlining of conventional coal and oil-fired stations increased installed capacity to 33,000 megawatts. Of that amount, about 75% was based on natural gas, 18% on oil, and 7% on hydroelectric power. In 2004, Iran opened its first wind-powered and geothermal plants, and the first solar thermal plant is to come online in 2009. Iran is the third country in the world to have developed GTL technology.

Question: When did Iran open its first wind-powered plants?
Answer: 2004

Question: When did Iran open its first geothermal plants?
Answer: 2004

Question: How much did Iran's installed capacity of power increase to after it added new hydroelectric power in 2004?
Answer: 33,000 megawatts

Question: How much of Iran's 33k megawatt installed capacity was based on natural gas? 
Answer: 75%

Question: How much of Iran's 33k megawatt installed capacity was based on oil? 
Answer: 18%
Iranian scientists outside Iran have also made some major contributions to science. In 1960, Ali Javan co-invented the first gas laser, and fuzzy set theory was introduced by Lotfi Zadeh. Iranian cardiologist, Tofy Mussivand invented and developed the first artificial cardiac pump, the precursor of the artificial heart. Furthering research and treatment of diabetes, HbA1c was discovered by Samuel Rahbar. Iranian physics is especially strong in string theory, with many papers being published in Iran. Iranian-American string theorist Kamran Vafa proposed the Vafa-Witten theorem together with Edward Witten. In August 2014, Maryam Mirzakhani became the first-ever woman, as well as the first-ever Iranian, to receive the Fields Medal, the highest prize in mathematics.

Question: Which Iranian scientist co-invented the first gas laser?
Answer: Ali Javan

Question: Which Iranian cardiologist developed and invented the first artificial cardiac pump?
Answer: Tofy Mussivand

Question: In 2014, Maryam Mirzakhani became the first women ever and first Iranian to win what prestigious mathematics award? 
Answer: the Fields Medal

Question: Which Iranian scientist discovered HbA1c to further treatment and research of diabetes?
Answer: Samuel Rahbar

Question: When did Ali Javan, an Iranian scientist, co-invent the first gas laser?
Answer: 1960
The earliest examples of visual representations in Iranian history are traced back to the bas-reliefs of Persepolis, c. 500 BC. Persepolis was the ritual center of the ancient kingdom of Achaemenids, and the figures at Persepolis remain bound by the rules of grammar and syntax of visual language. The Iranian visual arts reached a pinnacle by the Sassanid Era. A bas-relief from this period in Taq Bostan depicts a complex hunting scene. Similar works from the period have been found to articulate movements and actions in a highly sophisticated manner. It is even possible to see a progenitor of the cinema close-up in one of these works of art, which shows a wounded wild pig escaping from the hunting ground.

Question: What were the first known examples of Iranian visual art? 
Answer: the bas-reliefs of Persepolis

Question: How far back can the first known examples of Iranian visual art be traced to? 
Answer: c. 500 BC

Question: What city was the ritual center of the Archaemenids?
Answer: Persepolis

Question: In what era did Iranian visual art reach its peak?
Answer: the Sassanid Era
After the Revolution of 1979, as the new government imposed new laws and standards, a new age in Iranian cinema emerged, starting with Viva... by Khosrow Sinai and followed by many other directors, such as Abbas Kiarostami and Jafar Panahi. Kiarostami, an admired Iranian director, planted Iran firmly on the map of world cinema when he won the Palme d'Or for Taste of Cherry in 1997. The continuous presence of Iranian films in prestigious international festivals, such as the Cannes Film Festival, the Venice Film Festival, and the Berlin International Film Festival, attracted world attention to Iranian masterpieces. In 2006, six Iranian films, of six different styles, represented Iranian cinema at the Berlin International Film Festival. Critics considered this a remarkable event in the history of Iranian cinema.

Question: Which director led off a new age of Iranian film after the 1979 Revolution?
Answer: Khosrow Sinai

Question: What was the name of Sinai's film that ushered in Iran's new era of film after the 1979 Revolution?
Answer: Viva...

Question: Which Iranian director won the Palm d'Or at Cannes in 1997?
Answer: Abbas Kiarostami

Question: What was the name of Kiarostami's film which won the Palm d'Or at Cannes in 1997? 
Answer: Taste of Cherry

Question: What year did 6 different Iranian films of six different styles represent at the Berlin International Film Festival?
Answer: 2006
Iran received access to the Internet in 1993. According to 2014 census, around 40% of the population of Iran are Internet users. Iran ranks 24th among countries by number of Internet users. According to the statistics provided by the web information company of Alexa, Google Search and Yahoo! are the most used search engines in Iran. Over 80% of the users of Telegram, a cloud-based instant messaging service, are from Iran. Instagram is the most popular online social networking service in Iran. Direct access to Facebook has been blocked in Iran since the 2009 Iranian presidential election protests, due to organization of the opposition movements on the website; but however, Facebook has around 12 to 17 million users in Iran who are using virtual private networks and proxy servers to access the website. Around 90% of Iran's e-commerce takes place on the Iranian online store of Digikala, which has around 750,000 visitors per day and more than 2.3 million subscribers. Digikala is the most visited online store in the Middle East, and ranks 4th among the most visited websites in Iran.

Question: When did the Internet arrive in Iran?
Answer: 1993

Question: What percentage of Iran's population were internet users in 2014?
Answer: around 40%

Question: What is Iran's most popular online social network?
Answer: Instagram

Question: What percentage of cloud-based instant messaging platform Telegram's users are from Iran? 
Answer: Over 80%

Question: What site is responsible for around 90% of Iran's online e-commerce?
Answer: Digikala
Iranian cuisine is diverse due to its variety of ethnic groups and the influence of other cultures. Herbs are frequently used along with fruits such as plums, pomegranates, quince, prunes, apricots, and raisins. Iranians usually eat plain yogurt with lunch and dinner; it is a staple of the diet in Iran. To achieve a balanced taste, characteristic flavourings such as saffron, dried limes, cinnamon, and parsley are mixed delicately and used in some special dishes. Onions and garlic are normally used in the preparation of the accompanying course, but are also served separately during meals, either in raw or pickled form. Iran is also famous for its caviar.

Question: In Iranian cuisine, what is habitually used with fruits? 
Answer: Herbs

Question: Iranians usually eat what diet staple with lunch and dinner?
Answer: plain yogurt

Question: What delicacy is Iran famous for?
Answer: caviar

Question: Why is Iranian cuisine so diverse besides being influenced by other cultures?
Answer: its variety of ethnic groups
Other non-governmental estimations regarding the groups other than the Persians and Azerbaijanis roughly congruate with the World Factbook and the Library of Congress. However, many scholarly and organisational estimations regarding the number of these two groups differ significantly from the mentioned census. According to many of them, the number of ethnic Azerbaijanis in Iran comprises between 21.6–30% of the total population, with the majority holding it on 25%.cd In any case, the largest population of Azerbaijanis in the world live in Iran.

Question: Iran has the highest population of what group in the world?
Answer: Azerbaijanis

Question: What is the percentage range of Iran's total population is seemingly comprised of Azerbaijanis?
Answer: between 21.6–30%

Question: What is the majority of organizational estimations of Azerbaijanis' percentage of Iran's population?
Answer: 25%
The islands have been shaped by numerous glaciations during the Quaternary Period, the most recent being the Devensian.[citation needed] As this ended, the central Irish Sea was deglaciated and the English Channel flooded, with sea levels rising to current levels some 4,000 to 5,000 years ago, leaving the British Isles in their current form. Whether or not there was a land bridge between Great Britain and Ireland at this time is somewhat disputed, though there was certainly a single ice sheet covering the entire sea.

Question: What was the most recent glaciation that has shaped the British Isles?
Answer: Devensian

Question: What happened with the Devensian glaciation ended?
Answer: the English Channel flooded

Question: When did sea levels reach their current highth?
Answer: 4,000 to 5,000 years ago

Question: What covered the sea between Ireland and Great Britian during the last glacier?
Answer: a single ice sheet
At a professional level, most matches produce only a few goals. For example, the 2005–06 season of the English Premier League produced an average of 2.48 goals per match. The Laws of the Game do not specify any player positions other than goalkeeper, but a number of specialised roles have evolved. Broadly, these include three main categories: strikers, or forwards, whose main task is to score goals; defenders, who specialise in preventing their opponents from scoring; and midfielders, who dispossess the opposition and keep possession of the ball to pass it to the forwards on their team. Players in these positions are referred to as outfield players, to distinguish them from the goalkeeper. These positions are further subdivided according to the area of the field in which the player spends most time. For example, there are central defenders, and left and right midfielders. The ten outfield players may be arranged in any combination. The number of players in each position determines the style of the team's play; more forwards and fewer defenders creates a more aggressive and offensive-minded game, while the reverse creates a slower, more defensive style of play. While players typically spend most of the game in a specific position, there are few restrictions on player movement, and players can switch positions at any time. The layout of a team's players is known as a formation. Defining the team's formation and tactics is usually the prerogative of the team's manager.

Question: What is the only position specified by the Laws of the Game
Answer: goalkeeper

Question: The focus of strikers and forwards are to do what?
Answer: score goals

Question:  A team players layout is a what?
Answer: formation

Question: Who's job is to prevent the opponents from scoring?
Answer: defenders

Question: Who's the most responsible for the teams tactics?
Answer: team's manager
The basic equipment or kit players are required to wear includes a shirt, shorts, socks, footwear and adequate shin guards. An athletic supporter and protective cup is highly recommended for male players by medical experts and professionals. Headgear is not a required piece of basic equipment, but players today may choose to wear it to protect themselves from head injury. Players are forbidden to wear or use anything that is dangerous to themselves or another player, such as jewellery or watches. The goalkeeper must wear clothing that is easily distinguishable from that worn by the other players and the match officials.

Question: The equipment a player wears is also called a what?
Answer: kit

Question: What is highly recommended by medical experts for male players?
Answer: An athletic supporter and protective cup

Question: Who wears clothing that easily sets them apart from everyone else on the field?
Answer: goalkeeper

Question: wearing anything that could be dangerous is what?
Answer: forbidden

Question: What is not required but can be chosen to protect a player from head injuries? 
Answer: Headgear
The length of the pitch for international adult matches is in the range of 100–110 m (110–120 yd) and the width is in the range of 64–75 m (70–80 yd). Fields for non-international matches may be 90–120 m (100–130 yd) length and 45–90 m (50–100 yd) in width, provided that the pitch does not become square. In 2008, the IFAB initially approved a fixed size of 105 m (344 ft) long and 68 m (223 ft) wide as a standard pitch dimension for international matches; however, this decision was later put on hold and was never actually implemented.

Question: What is the range for the length for international matches in meters?
Answer: 100–110 m

Question: In what year did the IFAB initially approve a fixed size as a standard pitch dimension for international matches?
Answer: 2008

Question: When was the IFAB's decision on the fixed size of the pitch become implemented? 
Answer: never

Question: What is the range for the length of fields for non international matches in meters?
Answer: 90–120 m

Question: What is the range for the width for international matches in meters?
Answer: 64–75 m
In front of the goal is the penalty area. This area is marked by the goal line, two lines starting on the goal line 16.5 m (18 yd) from the goalposts and extending 16.5 m (18 yd) into the pitch perpendicular to the goal line, and a line joining them. This area has a number of functions, the most prominent being to mark where the goalkeeper may handle the ball and where a penalty foul by a member of the defending team becomes punishable by a penalty kick. Other markings define the position of the ball or players at kick-offs, goal kicks, penalty kicks and corner kicks.

Question: What is the penalty area marked by?
Answer: goal line

Question: a penalty foul by the defending team can be punishable by a what?
Answer: penalty kick

Question: how many meters from the goalpost does a penalty area extend? 
Answer: 16.5 m

Question: Only who can handle the ball with his hands?
Answer: goalkeeper
In league competitions, games may end in a draw. In knockout competitions where a winner is required various methods may be employed to break such a deadlock, some competitions may invoke replays. A game tied at the end of regulation time may go into extra time, which consists of two further 15-minute periods. If the score is still tied after extra time, some competitions allow the use of penalty shootouts (known officially in the Laws of the Game as "kicks from the penalty mark") to determine which team will progress to the next stage of the tournament. Goals scored during extra time periods count toward the final score of the game, but kicks from the penalty mark are only used to decide the team that progresses to the next part of the tournament (with goals scored in a penalty shootout not making up part of the final score).

Question: Matches where a winner must be decided is called what type of competitions?
Answer: knockout

Question: Extra time has two periods which each are how long in minutes?
Answer: 15

Question: What are penalty shootouts officially known as in the Laws of the Game?
Answer: kicks from the penalty mark

Question: Which goals count to the final score of the game? 
Answer: Goals scored during extra time
There has been a football tournament at every Summer Olympic Games since 1900, except at the 1932 games in Los Angeles. Before the inception of the World Cup, the Olympics (especially during the 1920s) had the same status as the World Cup. Originally, the event was for amateurs only; however, since the 1984 Summer Olympics, professional players have been permitted, albeit with certain restrictions which prevent countries from fielding their strongest sides. The Olympic men's tournament is played at Under-23 level. In the past the Olympics have allowed a restricted number of over-age players per team. A women's tournament was added in 1996; in contrast to the men's event, full international sides without age restrictions play the women's Olympic tournament.

Question: Which year was there not a Summer Olympic Game?
Answer: 1932

Question: In what year was a women's tournament added to the Summer Olympics?
Answer: 1996

Question: What year were professional players allowed to play in the  Summer Olympics? 
Answer: 1984

Question: What is the age limit on the Olympic men's tournament? 
Answer: Under-23

Question: What was the first year that there was a football tournament at the Summer Olympics? 
Answer: 1900
The Republic of Liberia, beginning as a settlement of the American Colonization Society (ACS), declared its independence on July 26, 1847. The United States did not recognize Liberia's independence until during the American Civil War on February 5, 1862. Between January 7, 1822 and the American Civil War, more than 15,000 freed and free-born Black Americans from United States and 3,198 Afro-Caribbeans relocated to the settlement. The Black American settlers carried their culture with them to Liberia. The Liberian constitution and flag were modeled after the United States. In January 3, 1848 Joseph Jenkins Roberts, a wealthy free-born Black American from Virginia who settled in Liberia, was elected as Liberia's first president after the people proclaimed independence.

Question: How did the republic of liberia begin?
Answer: as a settlement of the American Colonization Society (ACS)

Question: When did the Republic of Liberia declare it's independence?
Answer: July 26, 1847

Question: When did the united states recognize the republic of Liberia's independence?
Answer: February 5, 1862. Between January 7, 182

Question: How many slaves were freed in the american civil war?
Answer: more than 15,000

Question: What was the Liberian flag and constitution modeled after?
Answer: the United States
In 1822, the American Colonization Society began sending African-American volunteers to the Pepper Coast to establish a colony for freed African Americans. By 1867, the ACS (and state-related chapters) had assisted in the migration of more than 13,000 African Americans to Liberia. These free African Americans and their descendants married within their community and came to identify as Americo-Liberians. Many were of mixed race and educated in American culture; they did not identify with the indigenous natives of the tribes they encountered. They intermarried largely within the colonial community, developing an ethnic group that had a cultural tradition infused with American notions of political republicanism and Protestant Christianity.

Question: African  Americans were sent to the pepper coast to do what?
Answer: establish a colony for freed African Americans.

Question: By 1837 the ACS had assisted in moving how many african americans to liberia?
Answer: 13,000

Question: What did African Americans who were moved to Liberia identify as? 
Answer: Americo-Liberians

Question: Who did Americo-Liberians not identify with? 
Answer: indigenous natives of the tribes they encountered

Question: What did African Americans moved to Liberia keep from America?
Answer: cultural tradition
The Americo-Liberian settlers did not identify with the indigenous peoples they encountered, especially those in communities of the more isolated "bush." They knew nothing of their cultures, languages or animist religion. Encounters with tribal Africans in the bush often developed as violent confrontations. The colonial settlements were raided by the Kru and Grebo people from their inland chiefdoms. Because of feeling set apart and superior by their culture and education to the indigenous peoples, the Americo-Liberians developed as a small elite that held on to political power. It excluded the indigenous tribesmen from birthright citizenship in their own lands until 1904, in a repetition of the United States' treatment of Native Americans. Because of the cultural gap between the groups and assumption of superiority of western culture, the Americo-Liberians envisioned creating a western-style state to which the tribesmen should assimilate. They encouraged religious organizations to set up missions and schools to educate the indigenous peoples.

Question: The americo-liberians did not identify with who?
Answer: indigenous peoples they encountered,

Question: What were americo-liberians encounters like with tribal Africans"
Answer: violent confrontations.

Question: Who raided the colonial settlements?
Answer: the Kru and Grebo people from their inland chiefdoms.

Question: What did Americo-liberians exclude tribes from?
Answer: citizenship in their own lands

Question: Americo-Liberians set up missions and schools to do what? 
Answer: to educate the indigenous peoples.
The Legislature is composed of the Senate and the House of Representatives. The House, led by a speaker, has 73 members apportioned among the 15 counties on the basis of the national census, with each county receiving a minimum of two members. Each House member represents an electoral district within a county as drawn by the National Elections Commission and is elected by a plurality of the popular vote of their district into a six-year term. The Senate is made up of two senators from each county for a total of 30 senators. Senators serve nine-year terms and are elected at-large by a plurality of the popular vote. The vice president serves as the President of the Senate, with a President pro tempore serving in their absence.

Question: What is the legislature composed of? 
Answer: the Senate and the House of Representatives

Question: How many members are in a house?
Answer: 73

Question: Who is the house led by?
Answer: a speaker

Question: What are the 73 members of the house are appropriated among? 
Answer: the 15 counties on the basis of the national census

Question: What is the senate made up of?
Answer: two senators from each county for a total of 30 senators.
Liberia's highest judicial authority is the Supreme Court, made up of five members and headed by the Chief Justice of Liberia. Members are nominated to the court by the president and are confirmed by the Senate, serving until the age of 70. The judiciary is further divided into circuit and speciality courts, magistrate courts and justices of the peace. The judicial system is a blend of common law, based on Anglo-American law, and customary law. An informal system of traditional courts still exists within the rural areas of the country, with trial by ordeal remaining common despite being officially outlawed.

Question: What is Liberia's highest judicial authority? 
Answer: Supreme Court

Question: How many members are in the Supreme court?
Answer: five

Question: Who is the head of the supreme court?
Answer: the Chief Justice of Liberia

Question: How are members chosen for the court?
Answer: Members are nominated to the court by the president and are confirmed by the Senate

Question: How long do members of the supreme court serve?
Answer: until the age of 70
Liberia scored a 3.3 on a scale from 10 (highly clean) to 0 (highly corrupt) on the 2010 Corruption Perceptions Index. This gave it a ranking 87th of 178 countries worldwide and 11th of 47 in Sub-Saharan Africa. This score represented a significant improvement since 2007, when the country scored 2.1 and ranked 150th of 180 countries. When seeking attention of a selection of service[clarification needed] providers, 89% of Liberians had to pay a bribe, the highest national percentage in the world according to the organization's 2010 Global Corruption Barometer.

Question: What was liberia's score on the 2010 Corruption Perceptions index?
Answer: 3.3

Question: What was Liberia's ranking compared to the other 176 countries?
Answer: 87th

Question: What did Liberia's score  and ranking  on the 2010 Corruption Perceptions index represent? 
Answer: a significant improvement since 2007

Question: What was Liberia's score and rank on the 2007 Corruption Perceptions index?
Answer: scored 2.1 and ranked 150th of 180 countries

Question: In 2007, when seeking attention, selection or service . What percent of Liberians had to pay a bribe?
Answer: 89%
The Central Bank of Liberia is responsible for printing and maintaining the Liberian dollar, which is the primary form of currency in Liberia. Liberia is one of the world's poorest countries, with a formal employment rate of 15%. GDP per capita peaked in 1980 at US$496, when it was comparable to Egypt's (at the time). In 2011, the country's nominal GDP was US$1.154 billion, while nominal GDP per capita stood at US$297, the third-lowest in the world. Historically, the Liberian economy has depended heavily on foreign aid, foreign direct investment and exports of natural resources such as iron ore, rubber and timber.

Question: What is the central bank of Liberia responsible for?
Answer: printing and maintaining the Liberian dollar

Question: What is Liberia considered around the world economically? 
Answer: one of the world's poorest countries

Question: What is Liberia's employment rate?
Answer: 15%

Question: The GDP peaked in 1980 at what amount?
Answer: US$496

Question: What does Liberia's economy heavily depends on?
Answer: foreign aid
Liberia has the highest ratio of foreign direct investment to GDP in the world, with US$16 billion in investment since 2006. Following the inauguration of the Sirleaf administration in 2006, Liberia signed several multibillion-dollar concession agreements in the iron ore and palm oil industries with numerous multinational corporations, including BHP Billiton, ArcelorMittal, and Sime Darby. Especially palm oil companies like Sime Darby (Malaysia) and Golden Veroleum (USA) are being accused by critics of the destruction of livelihoods and the displacement of local communities, enabled through government concessions. The Firestone Tire and Rubber Company has operated the world's largest rubber plantation in Liberia since 1926.

Question: Liberia has the highest ratio of what?
Answer: of foreign direct investment to GDP in the world

Question: How much money has the US invested in Liberia since 2006?
Answer: 16 billion

Question: What agreement did Liberia sign n 2006?
Answer: several multibillion-dollar concession agreements

Question: How long has Firestone tire and rubber company ran a rubber plantation in Liberia? 
Answer: since 1926
Numerous immigrants have come as merchants and become a major part of the business community, including Lebanese, Indians, and other West African nationals. There is a high percentage of interracial marriage between ethnic Liberians and the Lebanese, resulting in a significant mixed-race population especially in and around Monrovia. A small minority of Liberians of European descent reside in the country.[better source needed] The Liberian constitution restricts citizenship to people of Black African descent.

Question: There is high percentage of interracial marriage between what two groups?
Answer: Liberians and the Lebanese

Question: The interracial couples in Liberia result in what?
Answer: a significant mixed-race population

Question: Where do Liberians of European decent live?
Answer: in the country

Question: The Liberian constitution restricts citizenship of whom?
Answer: Black African descent.
Liberia has a long, rich history in textile arts and quilting, as the settlers brought with them their sewing and quilting skills. Liberia hosted National Fairs in 1857 and 1858 in which prizes were awarded for various needle arts. One of the most well-known Liberian quilters was Martha Ann Ricks, who presented a quilt featuring the famed Liberian coffee tree to Queen Victoria in 1892. When President Ellen Johnson Sirleaf moved into the Executive Mansion, she reportedly had a Liberian-made quilt installed in her presidential office.

Question: What arts does Liberia have a rich history of?
Answer: textile arts and quilting

Question: In what years did Liberia host national fairs? 
Answer: 1857 and 1858

Question: Who is Martha Ann Ricks?
Answer: the most well-known Liberian quilters

Question: Who did Martha Ann Ricks present the famed Liberian coffee tree to?
Answer: Queen Victoria

Question: What did President Ellen Johnson Sirleaf have installed in her presidential office?
Answer: Liberian-made quilt
Microsoft began an advertising campaign centered around Windows 8 and its Surface tablet in October 2012, starting with its first television advertisement premiering on October 14, 2012. Microsoft's advertising budget of US$1.5–1.8 billion was significantly larger than the US$200 million campaign used to promote Windows 95. As part of its campaign, Microsoft set up 34 pop-up stores inside malls (primarily focusing on Surface), provided training for retail employees in partnership with Intel, and collaborated with the electronics store chain Best Buy to design expanded spaces to showcase devices. In an effort to make retail displays of Windows 8 devices more "personal", Microsoft also developed a character known in English-speaking markets as "Allison Brown", whose fictional profile (including personal photos, contacts, and emails) is also featured on demonstration units of Windows 8 devices.

Question: How much money was allocated to advertise Windows 8?
Answer: $1.5–1.8 billion

Question: How much money was allocated to advertise Windows 95?
Answer: $200 million

Question: What is the name of the character Microsoft used to make Windows 8 seem more personable?
Answer: Allison Brown

Question: When did Microsoft begin promoting Windows 8?
Answer: October 2012

Question: How many pop up stores did Microsoft set up to help promote Windows 8?
Answer: 34
Windows 8 introduces significant changes to the operating system's user interface, many of which are aimed at improving its experience on tablet computers and other touchscreen devices. The new user interface is based on Microsoft's Metro design language, and uses a Start screen similar to that of Windows Phone 7 as the primary means of launching applications. The Start screen displays a customizable array of tiles linking to various apps and desktop programs, some of which can display constantly updated information and content through "live tiles". As a form of multi-tasking, apps can be snapped to the side of a screen. Alongside the traditional Control Panel, a new simplified and touch-optimized settings app known as "PC Settings" is used for basic configuration and user settings. It does not include many of the advanced options still accessible from the normal Control Panel.

Question: What is found on the Start Screen?
Answer: a customizable array of tiles linking to various apps and desktop programs

Question: What do live tiles do?
Answer: display constantly updated information and content

Question: What is the primary function of the PC Settings app? 
Answer: used for basic configuration and user settings

Question: Where can advanced settings options be found?
Answer: Control Panel

Question: What is the new System User interface built on?
Answer: Microsoft's Metro design language
Backup and Restore, the backup component of Windows, is deprecated. It still ships with Windows 8 and continues to work on preset schedules, but is pushed to the background and can only be accessed through a Control Panel applet called "Windows 7 File Recovery".:76 Shadow Copy, a component of Windows Explorer that once saved previous versions of changed files, no longer protects local files and folders. It can only access previous versions of shared files stored on a Windows Server computer.:74 The subsystem on which these components worked, however, is still available for other software to use.:74

Question: What backup element is still found on Windows 8?
Answer: Backup and Restore

Question: How is Backup and Restore opened?
Answer: through a Control Panel applet called "Windows 7 File Recovery"

Question: What does :76 Shadow Copy do?
Answer: access previous versions of shared files stored on a Windows Server computer

Question: What is :74 used for? 
Answer: other software
Microsoft released minimum hardware requirements for tablet and laplet devices to be "certified" for Windows 8, and defined a convertible form factor as a standalone device that combines the PC, display and rechargeable power source with a mechanically attached keyboard and pointing device in a single chassis. A convertible can be transformed into a tablet where the attached input devices are hidden or removed leaving the display as the only input mechanism. On March 12, 2013, Microsoft amended its certification requirements to only require that screens on tablets have a minimum resolution of 1024×768 (down from the previous 1366×768). The amended requirement is intended to allow "greater design flexibility" for future products.

Question: Why did Microsoft decrease the required resoultion for tablets?
Answer: to allow "greater design flexibility" for future products

Question: What is a convertible form factor? 
Answer: a standalone device that combines the PC, display and rechargeable power source with a mechanically attached keyboard and pointing device in a single chassis

Question: How does a convertible become a tablet?
Answer: attached input devices are hidden or removed leaving the display as the only input mechanism

Question: What did Microsoft change the tablet resolution requirements on March 12, 2013?
Answer: 1024×768
Windows 8 was distributed as a retail box product on DVD, and through a digital download that could be converted into DVD or USB install media. As part of a launch promotion, Microsoft offered Windows 8 Pro upgrades at a discounted price of US$39.99 online, or $69.99 for retail box from its launch until January 31, 2013; afterward the Windows 8 price has been $119.99 and the Pro price $199.99. Those who purchased new PCs pre-loaded with Windows 7 Home Basic, Home Premium, Professional, or Ultimate between June 2, 2012 and January 31, 2013 could digitally purchase a Windows 8 Pro upgrade for US$14.99. Several PC manufacturers offered rebates and refunds on Windows 8 upgrades obtained through the promotion on select models, such as Hewlett-Packard (in the U.S. and Canada on select models), and Acer (in Europe on selected Ultrabook models). During these promotions, the Windows Media Center add-on for Windows 8 Pro was also offered for free.

Question: During it's launch how much was a Windows 8 upgrade?
Answer: $39.99 online, or $69.99 for retail box

Question: What is the Windows 8 price?
Answer: $119.99

Question: What is the Windows 8 Pro price?
Answer: $199.99

Question: Which PC owners could purchase a Windows 8 Pro uprgrade for $14.99?
Answer: PCs pre-loaded with Windows 7 Home Basic, Home Premium, Professional, or Ultimate

Question: How much was the Windows Media Center add-on during the original Windows 8 promotion?
Answer: free
Retail distribution of Windows 8 has since been discontinued in favor of Windows 8.1. Unlike 8, 8.1 is available as "full version software" at both retail and online for download that does not require a previous version of Windows in order to be installed. Pricing for these new copies remain identical. With the retail release returning to full version software for Windows 8.1, the "Personal Use License" exemption was removed from the OEM SKU, meaning that end users building their own PCs for personal use must use the full retail version in order to satisfy the Windows 8.1 licensing requirements. Windows 8.1 with Bing is a special OEM-specific SKU of Windows 8.1 subsidized by Microsoft's Bing search engine.

Question: What replaced Windows 8?
Answer: Windows 8.1

Question: What is the primary difference in Windows 8.1? 
Answer: 8.1 is available as "full version software"

Question: What exemption was removed from Windows 8.1?
Answer: Personal Use License

Question: What is Windows 8.1 with Bing?
Answer: a special OEM-specific SKU of Windows 8.1 subsidized by Microsoft's Bing search engine
In March 2013, Microsoft also amended its certification requirements to allow tablets to use the 1024×768 resolution as a minimum; this change is expected to allow the production of certified Windows 8 tablets in smaller form factors—a market which is currently dominated by Android-based tablets. Despite the reaction of industry experts, Microsoft reported that they had sold 100 million licenses in the first six months. This matched sales of Windows 7 over a similar period. This statistic includes shipments to channel warehouses which now need to be sold in order to make way for new shipments.

Question: What changes did Microsoft make to its certification requirements in March 2013?
Answer: amended its certification requirements to allow tablets to use the 1024×768 resolution as a minimum

Question: Why did Microsoft change the tablet resolution minimum? 
Answer: to allow the production of certified Windows 8 tablets in smaller form factors

Question: How many licenses did Microsoft sell in the first six months?
Answer: 100 million

Question: What controlled the small form tablet market at this time?
Answer: Android-based tablets
In 1903, after British victory in the Anglo-Boer war, Swaziland became a British protectorate. Much of its early administration (for example, postal services) being carried out from South Africa until 1906 when the Transvaal colony was granted self-government. Following this, Swaziland was partitioned into European and non-European (or native reserves) areas with the former being two-thirds of the total land. Sobhuza's official coronation was in December 1921 after the regency of Labotsibeni after which he led an unsuccessful deputation to the Privy council in London in 1922 regarding the issue of the land.

Question: In what year did the British take Swaziland on as a protectorate? 
Answer: 1903

Question: What 1903 conflict involving the British caused Swaziland to become a protectorate?
Answer: Anglo-Boer war

Question: In what year was Swaziland given self governance? 
Answer: 1906

Question: How much of Swaziland did the European area contain after the portioning?
Answer: two-thirds of the total land

Question: When was Sobhuza coronated?
Answer: December 1921
Nominations take place at the chiefdoms. On the day of nomination, the name of the nominee is raised by a show of hand and the nominee is given an opportunity to indicate whether he or she accepts the nomination. If he or she accepts it, he or she must be supported by at least ten members of that chiefdom. The nominations are for the position of Member of Parliament, Constituency Headman (Indvuna) and the Constituency Executive Committee (Bucopho). The minimum number of nominees is four and the maximum is ten.

Question: How does a nominee for parliament in Swaziland get decided?
Answer: a show of hand

Question: What is the minimum number of members that must support a nominee to parliament in Swaziland?
Answer: at least ten

Question: What is an Indvuna as it relates to the Parliament of Swaziland?
Answer: Constituency Headman

Question: In the Swazi Parliament, what is the Bucopho? 
Answer: Constituency Executive Committee

Question: What is the minimum amount of nominees taken on the day of nomination in the Swazi Parliament?
Answer: four