title: Light front holography
Type 0 string theory
Steven Gubser
DS/CFT correspondence
Algebraic holography
Andrew Strominger
Eva Silverstein
Kerr/CFT correspondence
Juan Martín Maldacena
AdS/CMT correspondence
sentences: In strong interaction physics, light front holography or light front holographic QCD is an approximate version of the theory of quantum chromodynamics (QCD) which results from mapping the gauge theory of QCD to a higher-dimensional anti-de Sitter space (AdS) inspired by the AdS/CFT correspondence (gauge/gravity duality) proposed for string theory.
 This procedure makes it possible to find analytic solutions (closed-form expression) in situations where strong coupling occurs (the "strongly coupled regime"), improving predictions of the masses of hadrons (such as protons, neutrons, and mesons) and their internal structure revealed by high-energy accelerator experiments.
 The most widely used approach to finding approximate solutions to the QCD equations, lattice QCD, has had many successful applications; however, it is a numerical approach formulated in Euclidean space rather than physical Minkowski space-time.
The Type 0 string theory is a less well-known model of string theory.
 It is a superstring theory in the sense that the worldsheet theory is supersymmetric.
 However, the spacetime spectrum is not supersymmetric and, in fact, does not contain any fermions at all.
 In dimensions greater than two, the ground state is a tachyon so the theory is unstable.
 These properties make it similar to the bosonic string and an unsuitable proposal for describing the world as we observe it, although a GSO projection does get rid of the tachyon and the even G-parity sector of the theory defines a stable string theory.
 The theory is used sometimes as a toy model for exploring concepts in string theory, notably closed string tachyon condensation.
 Some other recent interest has involved the two-dimensional Type 0 string which has a non-perturbatively stable matrix model description.
Steven Scott Gubser (born 4 May 1972) is a professor of physics at Princeton University.
 His research focuses on theoretical particle physics, especially string theory, and the AdS/CFT correspondence.
 He is a widely cited scholar in these and other related areas.
In string theory, the dS/CFT correspondence is a de Sitter space analogue of the AdS/CFT correspondence, proposed originally by Andrew Strominger.
 In this correspondence, the conjectured CFT boundary is in the future, and time is the emergent dimension.
Algebraic holography, also sometimes called Rehren duality, is an attempt to understand the holographic principle of quantum gravity within the framework of algebraic quantum field theory, due to Karl-Henning Rehren.
 It is sometimes described as an alternative formulation of the AdS/CFT correspondence of string theory, but some string theorists reject this statement .
 The theories discussed in algebraic holography do not satisfy the usual holographic principle because their entropy follows a higher-dimensional power law.
Andrew Eben Strominger ( ; born 1955) is an American theoretical physicist who is the Director of Harvard's Center for the Fundamental Laws of Nature.
 He has made significant contributions to quantum gravity and string theory.
 These include his work on Calabi-Yau compactification and topology change in string theory, and on the stringy origin of black hole entropy.
 He is a senior fellow at the Society of Fellows, and is the Gwill E. York Professor of Physics.
Eva Silverstein (born October 24, 1970) is an American physicist and string theorist.
 She is best known for her work on tachyon condensation in string theory and resulting resolution of some spacetime singularities (with Adams, Polchinski, and others).
 Her other significant research contributions include the construction of the first models of dark energy in string theory, some basic extensions of the AdS/CFT correspondence to more realistic field theories (with Kachru), and the discovery of a predictive new mechanism for cosmic inflation involving D-brane dynamics (with Tong and Alishahiha).
The Kerr/CFT correspondence is an extension of the AdS/CFT correspondence or gauge-gravity duality to rotating black holes (which are described by the Kerr metric).
Juan Martín Maldacena (* September 10, 1968 in Buenos Aires, Argentina) is a theoretical physicist.
 Among his many discoveries, the most famous one is the most reliable realization of the holographic principle – namely the AdS/CFT correspondence, the conjecture about the equivalence of string theory on Anti-de Sitter (AdS) space, and a conformal field theory defined on the boundary of the AdS space.
 In 2013, Maldacena co-authored an analysis of the 2012 black hole firewall paradox with Leonard Susskind, arguing that the paradox can be resolved if entangled particles are connected by minor wormholes."<ref name="nytimes/Mystery Wrapped"> </ref>
In theoretical physics, AdS/CMT correspondence is the program to apply string theory to condensed matter theory using the AdS/CFT correspondence.

Question: Question: What year was the original proposer of the dS/CFT correspondence of string theory born? 

 Your answer will be verified with exact match score. To ensure correct verification, only provide the answer within the <answer> </answer> tags. Do not put any sentences or reasoning process within the <answer> </answer> tags. 

Supporting Information: Paragraph 0 

 In strong interaction physics, light front holography or light front holographic QCD is an approximate version of the theory of quantum chromodynamics (QCD) which results from mapping the gauge theory of QCD to a higher-dimensional anti-de Sitter space (AdS) inspired by the AdS/CFT correspondence (gauge/gravity duality) proposed for string theory.
 This procedure makes it possible to find analytic solutions (closed-form expression) in situations where strong coupling occurs (the "strongly coupled regime"), improving predictions of the masses of hadrons (such as protons, neutrons, and mesons) and their internal structure revealed by high-energy accelerator experiments.
 The most widely used approach to finding approximate solutions to the QCD equations, lattice QCD, has had many successful applications; however, it is a numerical approach formulated in Euclidean space rather than physical Minkowski space-time. 

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Paragraph 1 

 The Type 0 string theory is a less well-known model of string theory.
 It is a superstring theory in the sense that the worldsheet theory is supersymmetric.
 However, the spacetime spectrum is not supersymmetric and, in fact, does not contain any fermions at all.
 In dimensions greater than two, the ground state is a tachyon so the theory is unstable.
 These properties make it similar to the bosonic string and an unsuitable proposal for describing the world as we observe it, although a GSO projection does get rid of the tachyon and the even G-parity sector of the theory defines a stable string theory.
 The theory is used sometimes as a toy model for exploring concepts in string theory, notably closed string tachyon condensation.
 Some other recent interest has involved the two-dimensional Type 0 string which has a non-perturbatively stable matrix model description. 

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Paragraph 2 

 In string theory, the dS/CFT correspondence is a de Sitter space analogue of the AdS/CFT correspondence, proposed originally by Andrew Strominger.
 In this correspondence, the conjectured CFT boundary is in the future, and time is the emergent dimension. 

--------------------------------

Paragraph 3 

 Algebraic holography, also sometimes called Rehren duality, is an attempt to understand the holographic principle of quantum gravity within the framework of algebraic quantum field theory, due to Karl-Henning Rehren.
 It is sometimes described as an alternative formulation of the AdS/CFT correspondence of string theory, but some string theorists reject this statement .
 The theories discussed in algebraic holography do not satisfy the usual holographic principle because their entropy follows a higher-dimensional power law. 

--------------------------------

Paragraph 4 

 Andrew Eben Strominger ( ; born 1955) is an American theoretical physicist who is the Director of Harvard's Center for the Fundamental Laws of Nature.
 He has made significant contributions to quantum gravity and string theory.
 These include his work on Calabi-Yau compactification and topology change in string theory, and on the stringy origin of black hole entropy.
 He is a senior fellow at the Society of Fellows, and is the Gwill E. York Professor of Physics. 

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Paragraph 5 

 Eva Silverstein (born October 24, 1970) is an American physicist and string theorist.
 She is best known for her work on tachyon condensation in string theory and resulting resolution of some spacetime singularities (with Adams, Polchinski, and others).
 Her other significant research contributions include the construction of the first models of dark energy in string theory, some basic extensions of the AdS/CFT correspondence to more realistic field theories (with Kachru), and the discovery of a predictive new mechanism for cosmic inflation involving D-brane dynamics (with Tong and Alishahiha). 

--------------------------------

Paragraph 6 

 Juan Martín Maldacena (* September 10, 1968 in Buenos Aires, Argentina) is a theoretical physicist.
 Among his many discoveries, the most famous one is the most reliable realization of the holographic principle – namely the AdS/CFT correspondence, the conjecture about the equivalence of string theory on Anti-de Sitter (AdS) space, and a conformal field theory defined on the boundary of the AdS space.
 In 2013, Maldacena co-authored an analysis of the 2012 black hole firewall paradox with Leonard Susskind, arguing that the paradox can be resolved if entangled particles are connected by minor wormholes."<ref name="nytimes/Mystery Wrapped"> </ref> 

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Paragraph 7 

 In theoretical physics, AdS/CMT correspondence is the program to apply string theory to condensed matter theory using the AdS/CFT correspondence. 

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Answer: 1955