title: Jonathan Rigby
American Gothic Fiction
Peter Young (set decorator)
Gothic fiction
Snuff-Movie
List of horror films of the 1930s
The Innocents (1961 film)
Frankenstein, MD
Svengali (1931 film)
Sleepy Hollow (film)
sentences: Jonathan Rigby (born 1963) is an English actor and film historian who has written the following books - "English Gothic: A Century of Horror Cinema" (2000), "Christopher Lee: The Authorised Screen History" (2001), "Roxy Music: Both Ends Burning" (2005), "American Gothic: Sixty Years of Horror Cinema" (2007), "Studies in Terror: Landmarks of Horror Cinema" (2011) and "Euro Gothic: Classics of Continental Horror Cinema" (2016).
 An expanded version of "English Gothic" was issued in 2015 with a different subtitle, "Classic Horror Cinema 1897-2015".
 He has been described in "Video Watchdog" magazine as occupying 'a proud place in the advance guard of film researchers, writers and critics.'
American gothic fiction is a subgenre of gothic fiction.
 Elements specific to American Gothic include: rationality/rational vs irrational, puritanism, guilt, Das Unheimliche (strangeness within the familiar as defined by Sigmund Freud), ab-humans, ghosts, monsters, and domestic abjection.
 The roots of these concepts lay in a past riddled with slavery, a fear of racial mixing (miscegenation), hostile Native American relations, their subsequent genocide, and the daunting wilderness present at the American frontier.
 American Gothic is often devoid of castles and objects which allude to a civilized history.
 Differentiating between horror and terror is important in the study of these texts.
Peter Young is a set decorator.
 He has won two Academy Awards in the category Best Art Direction for the films "Batman" and "Sleepy Hollow".
Gothic fiction, which is largely known by the subgenre of Gothic horror, is a genre or mode of literature and film that combines fiction and horror, death, and at times romance.
 Its origin is attributed to English author Horace Walpole, with his 1764 novel "The Castle of Otranto", subtitled (in its second edition) "A Gothic Story".
 The effect of Gothic fiction feeds on a pleasing sort of terror, an extension of Romantic literary pleasures that were relatively new at the time of Walpole's novel.
 It originated in England in the second half of the 18th century where, following Walpole, it was further developed by Clara Reeve, Ann Radcliffe, William Thomas Beckford and Matthew Lewis.
 The genre had much success in the 19th century, as witnessed by Mary Shelley's "Frankenstein" and the works of Edgar Allan Poe.
 Another well known novel in this genre, dating from the late Victorian era, is Bram Stoker's "Dracula".
 The name "Gothic" refers to the (pseudo)-medieval buildings, emulating Gothic architecture, in which many of these stories take place.
 This extreme form of romanticism was very popular in England and Germany.
 The English Gothic novel also led to new novel types such as the German "Schauerroman" and the French "Georgia".
Snuff-Movie is a 2005 gothic horror film by British director Bernard Rose.
 It stars Jeroen Krabbé as a horror film maker named Boris Arkadin, whose pregnant wife, Mary, was brutally murdered by a Manson-like gang of hippy psychopaths during the 1960s...or was she?
 An eccentric recluse, Boris makes a come-back when he invites some actors to a large mansion in the English countryside to 'audition' for his new film.
 But unknown to most of them they are being filmed by hidden cameras linked to a 'snuff' website.
A list of horror films released in the 1930s.
 The American horror film was properly created in the 1930s, most notably the Universal Horror film productions. "
White Zombie" is considered to be the first feature length zombie film and has been described as the archetype and model of all zombie movies.
 A number of Hollywood actors made a name for themselves in horror films of this decade, in particular Bela Lugosi ("Dracula", 1931) and Boris Karloff ("Frankenstein", 1931).
 Fredric March won an Academy Award for Best Actor in "Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde", 1931.
 Films of this era frequently took their inspiration from the literature of gothic horror and more often dealt with themes of science versus religion rather than supernatural themes.
The Innocents is a 1961 British supernatural gothic horror film directed and produced in CinemaScope by Jack Clayton, and starring Deborah Kerr, Michael Redgrave and Megs Jenkins.
 Based on the novella "The Turn of the Screw" by Henry James, the plot follows a governess who watches over two children and comes to fear that the house is haunted by ghosts and that the two children are being possessed.
 The title of the film was taken from William Archibald's stage adaptation of James' novella.
 Falling within the subgenre of psychological horror, the film achieves its effects through lighting, music and direction rather than conventional shocks.
 Its atmosphere was created by cinematographer Freddie Francis, who employed deep focus in many scenes, as well as bold, minimal lighting.
 It was partly shot on location at the Gothic mansion of Sheffield Park in Sussex.
Frankenstein, MD is a 2014 American Gothic horror comedy webseries with transmedia elements.
 Produced in partnership between Pemberley Digital and PBS Digital Studios, the show is a modern adaptation of "Frankenstein" by Mary Shelley, replacing the eponymous character with Victoria Frankenstein, a medical student near graduation.
 The show, which represents PBS Digital's first foray into scripted content, was created by Bernie Su, Brett Register, and Lon Harris and premiered on YouTube on August 19, 2014.
 It has been generally well received by critics.
 Its season finale debuted on October 31, 2014.
Svengali is a 1931 American pre-Code supernatural drama/horror film produced and distributed by Warner Bros. The film stars John Barrymore and co-stars Marian Marsh.
 It was directed by Archie Mayo and the screenplay was written by J. Grubb Alexander.
 It is based on the gothic horror novel "Trilby" (1894) by George du Maurier.
 The film was originally released on May 22, 1931.
 Warner Brothers was so pleased by the box office on this film that the studio hurriedly reteamed Barrymore and Marsh for another horror film "The Mad Genius", released on November 7, 1931.
 The region 1 DVD of "Svengali" was released on October 17, 2000 by the Roan Group.
Sleepy Hollow is a 1999 American Gothic supernatural horror film directed by Tim Burton.
 It is a film adaptation loosely inspired by the 1820 short story "The Legend of Sleepy Hollow" by Washington Irving and stars Johnny Depp and Christina Ricci, with Miranda Richardson, Michael Gambon, Casper Van Dien, and Jeffrey Jones in supporting roles.
 The plot follows police constable Ichabod Crane (Depp) sent from New York City to investigate a series of murders in the village of Sleepy Hollow by a mysterious Headless Horseman.

Question: Question: Peter Young was the set director of what 1999 American Gothic horror film? 

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Supporting Information: Paragraph 0 

 Jonathan Rigby (born 1963) is an English actor and film historian who has written the following books - "English Gothic: A Century of Horror Cinema" (2000), "Christopher Lee: The Authorised Screen History" (2001), "Roxy Music: Both Ends Burning" (2005), "American Gothic: Sixty Years of Horror Cinema" (2007), "Studies in Terror: Landmarks of Horror Cinema" (2011) and "Euro Gothic: Classics of Continental Horror Cinema" (2016).
 An expanded version of "English Gothic" was issued in 2015 with a different subtitle, "Classic Horror Cinema 1897-2015".
 He has been described in "Video Watchdog" magazine as occupying 'a proud place in the advance guard of film researchers, writers and critics.' 

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Paragraph 1 

 American gothic fiction is a subgenre of gothic fiction.
 Elements specific to American Gothic include: rationality/rational vs irrational, puritanism, guilt, Das Unheimliche (strangeness within the familiar as defined by Sigmund Freud), ab-humans, ghosts, monsters, and domestic abjection.
 The roots of these concepts lay in a past riddled with slavery, a fear of racial mixing (miscegenation), hostile Native American relations, their subsequent genocide, and the daunting wilderness present at the American frontier.
 American Gothic is often devoid of castles and objects which allude to a civilized history.
 Differentiating between horror and terror is important in the study of these texts. 

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Paragraph 2 

 Peter Young is a set decorator.
 He has won two Academy Awards in the category Best Art Direction for the films "Batman" and "Sleepy Hollow". 

--------------------------------

Paragraph 3 

 Gothic fiction, which is largely known by the subgenre of Gothic horror, is a genre or mode of literature and film that combines fiction and horror, death, and at times romance.
 Its origin is attributed to English author Horace Walpole, with his 1764 novel "The Castle of Otranto", subtitled (in its second edition) "A Gothic Story".
 The effect of Gothic fiction feeds on a pleasing sort of terror, an extension of Romantic literary pleasures that were relatively new at the time of Walpole's novel.
 It originated in England in the second half of the 18th century where, following Walpole, it was further developed by Clara Reeve, Ann Radcliffe, William Thomas Beckford and Matthew Lewis.
 The genre had much success in the 19th century, as witnessed by Mary Shelley's "Frankenstein" and the works of Edgar Allan Poe.
 Another well known novel in this genre, dating from the late Victorian era, is Bram Stoker's "Dracula".
 The name "Gothic" refers to the (pseudo)-medieval buildings, emulating Gothic architecture, in which many of these stories take place.
 This extreme form of romanticism was very popular in England and Germany.
 The English Gothic novel also led to new novel types such as the German "Schauerroman" and the French "Georgia". 

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Paragraph 4 

 Snuff-Movie is a 2005 gothic horror film by British director Bernard Rose.
 It stars Jeroen Krabbé as a horror film maker named Boris Arkadin, whose pregnant wife, Mary, was brutally murdered by a Manson-like gang of hippy psychopaths during the 1960s...or was she?
 An eccentric recluse, Boris makes a come-back when he invites some actors to a large mansion in the English countryside to 'audition' for his new film.
 But unknown to most of them they are being filmed by hidden cameras linked to a 'snuff' website. 

--------------------------------

Paragraph 5 

 Frankenstein, MD is a 2014 American Gothic horror comedy webseries with transmedia elements.
 Produced in partnership between Pemberley Digital and PBS Digital Studios, the show is a modern adaptation of "Frankenstein" by Mary Shelley, replacing the eponymous character with Victoria Frankenstein, a medical student near graduation.
 The show, which represents PBS Digital's first foray into scripted content, was created by Bernie Su, Brett Register, and Lon Harris and premiered on YouTube on August 19, 2014.
 It has been generally well received by critics.
 Its season finale debuted on October 31, 2014. 

--------------------------------

Paragraph 6 

 Svengali is a 1931 American pre-Code supernatural drama/horror film produced and distributed by Warner Bros. The film stars John Barrymore and co-stars Marian Marsh.
 It was directed by Archie Mayo and the screenplay was written by J. Grubb Alexander.
 It is based on the gothic horror novel "Trilby" (1894) by George du Maurier.
 The film was originally released on May 22, 1931.
 Warner Brothers was so pleased by the box office on this film that the studio hurriedly reteamed Barrymore and Marsh for another horror film "The Mad Genius", released on November 7, 1931.
 The region 1 DVD of "Svengali" was released on October 17, 2000 by the Roan Group. 

--------------------------------

Paragraph 7 

 Sleepy Hollow is a 1999 American Gothic supernatural horror film directed by Tim Burton.
 It is a film adaptation loosely inspired by the 1820 short story "The Legend of Sleepy Hollow" by Washington Irving and stars Johnny Depp and Christina Ricci, with Miranda Richardson, Michael Gambon, Casper Van Dien, and Jeffrey Jones in supporting roles.
 The plot follows police constable Ichabod Crane (Depp) sent from New York City to investigate a series of murders in the village of Sleepy Hollow by a mysterious Headless Horseman. 

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Answer: Sleepy Hollow