title: Project Gasbuggy
Trinity (nuclear test)
Ames Project
Operation Snow Flurry
Program 477L
B Reactor
January 2016 North Korean nuclear test
Manhattan Project
Armed Forces Special Weapons Project
McDonald Ranch House
sentences: Project Gasbuggy was an underground nuclear detonation carried out by the United States Atomic Energy Commission on December 10, 1967 in rural northern New Mexico.
 It was part of Operation Plowshare, a program designed to find peaceful uses for nuclear explosions.
Trinity was the code name of the first detonation of a nuclear weapon.
 It was conducted by the United States Army at 5:29 a.m. on July 16, 1945, as part of the Manhattan Project.
 The test was conducted in the Jornada del Muerto desert about 35 miles (56 km) southeast of Socorro, New Mexico, on what was then the USAAF Alamogordo Bombing and Gunnery Range (now part of White Sands Missile Range).
 The only structures originally in the vicinity were the McDonald Ranch House and its ancillary buildings, which scientists used as a laboratory for testing bomb components.
 A base camp was constructed, and there were 425 people present on the weekend of the test.
The Ames Project was a research and development project that was part of the larger Manhattan Project to build the first atomic bombs during World War II.
 It was founded by Frank Spedding from Iowa State College in Ames, Iowa as an offshoot of the Metallurgical Laboratory at the University of Chicago devoted to chemistry and metallurgy, but became a separate project in its own right.
 The Ames Project developed the Ames Process, a method for preparing pure uranium metal that the Manhattan Project needed for its atomic bombs and nuclear reactors. Between 1942 and 1945, it produced over 1000 ST of uranium metal.
 It also developed methods of preparing and casting thorium, cerium and beryllium.
 In October 1945 Iowa State College received the Army-Navy "E" Award for Excellence in Production, an award usually only given to industrial organizations.
 In 1947 it became the Ames Laboratory, a national laboratory under the Atomic Energy Commission.
Operation Snow Flurry was an operation by the United States Air Force that consisted of B-47 Stratojet bombers flying to England to perform mock bomb drops.
 Data would be received on the ground from the planes, and this would later be used to track the accuracy of the mock drops.
 In 1958, a B-47 en route from Hunter Air Force Base accidentally dropped an inert Mark 6 nuclear bomb over Mars Bluff, South Carolina, although the explosion damaged nearby buildings.
 Live bombs were carried on board in case the planes had to activate for a wartime situation, but had their fissile nuclear cores removed and couldn't cause a nuclear detonation.
Program 477L (477L), also known as NUDETS (NUclear DETonation System) was a Cold War-era system used to monitor nuclear detonations over the Continental United States.
The B Reactor at the Hanford Site, near Richland, Washington, was the first large-scale nuclear reactor ever built.
 The project was commissioned to produce plutonium-239 by neutron activation as part of the Manhattan Project, the United States nuclear weapons development program during World War II.
 The B reactor was fueled with metallic natural uranium, graphite moderated, and water-cooled.
 It has been designated a U.S. National Historic Landmark since August 19, 2008 and in July 2011 the National Park Service recommended that the B Reactor be included in the Manhattan Project National Historical Park commemorating the Manhattan Project.
 Visitors can take a tour of the reactor by advance reservation.
The Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK, or North Korea) conducted its fourth nuclear detonation on 6 January 2016 at 10:00:01 .
 At the Punggye-ri Nuclear Test Site, approximately 30 mi northwest of Kilju City in Kilju County, an underground nuclear test was carried out.
 The United States Geological Survey reported a 5.1 magnitude earthquake from the location; the China Earthquake Networks Center reported the magnitude as 4.9.
The Manhattan Project was a research and development undertaking during World War II that produced the first nuclear weapons.
 It was led by the United States with the support of the United Kingdom and Canada.
 From 1942 to 1946, the project was under the direction of Major General Leslie Groves of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers.
 Nuclear physicist Robert Oppenheimer was the director of the Los Alamos Laboratory that designed the actual bombs.
 The Army component of the project was designated the Manhattan District; "Manhattan" gradually superseded the official codename, Development of Substitute Materials, for the entire project.
 Along the way, the project absorbed its earlier British counterpart, Tube Alloys.
 The Manhattan Project began modestly in 1939, but grew to employ more than 130,000 people and cost nearly US $2 billion (about $ in 2016 dollars).
 Over 90% of the cost was for building factories and to produce fissile material, with less than 10% for development and production of the weapons.
 Research and production took place at more than 30 sites across the United States, the United Kingdom, and Canada.
The Armed Forces Special Weapons Project (AFSWP) was a United States military agency responsible for those aspects of nuclear weapons remaining under military control after the Manhattan Project was succeeded by the Atomic Energy Commission on 1 January 1947.
 These responsibilities included the maintenance, storage, surveillance, security and handling of nuclear weapons, as well as supporting nuclear testing.
 The AFSWP was a joint organization, staffed by the United States Army, United States Navy and United States Air Force; its chief was supported by deputies from the other two services.
 Major General Leslie R. Groves, the former head of the Manhattan Project, was its first chief.
The McDonald Ranch House, also known as Trinity Site, in the Oscura Mountains of Socorro County, New Mexico, was the location of assembly of the world's first nuclear weapon.
 The active components of the Trinity test "gadget", a plutonium Fat Man-type bomb similar to that later dropped on Nagasaki, Japan, were assembled there on July 13, 1945.
 The completed bomb was winched up the test tower the following day and detonated on July 16, 1945 as the Trinity nuclear test.

Question: Question: In what state was the location of the nuclear detonation that was conducted by the United States Army at 5:29 a.m. on July 16, 1945, as part of the Manhattan Project? 

 Your answer will be verified with exact match score. To ensure correct verification, only provide the answer within the <answer> </answer> tags. Do not put any sentences or reasoning process within the <answer> </answer> tags. 

Supporting Information: Paragraph 0 

 Project Gasbuggy was an underground nuclear detonation carried out by the United States Atomic Energy Commission on December 10, 1967 in rural northern New Mexico.
 It was part of Operation Plowshare, a program designed to find peaceful uses for nuclear explosions. 

--------------------------------

Paragraph 1 

 Trinity was the code name of the first detonation of a nuclear weapon.
 It was conducted by the United States Army at 5:29 a.m. on July 16, 1945, as part of the Manhattan Project.
 The test was conducted in the Jornada del Muerto desert about 35 miles (56 km) southeast of Socorro, New Mexico, on what was then the USAAF Alamogordo Bombing and Gunnery Range (now part of White Sands Missile Range).
 The only structures originally in the vicinity were the McDonald Ranch House and its ancillary buildings, which scientists used as a laboratory for testing bomb components.
 A base camp was constructed, and there were 425 people present on the weekend of the test. 

--------------------------------

Paragraph 2 

 The Ames Project was a research and development project that was part of the larger Manhattan Project to build the first atomic bombs during World War II.
 It was founded by Frank Spedding from Iowa State College in Ames, Iowa as an offshoot of the Metallurgical Laboratory at the University of Chicago devoted to chemistry and metallurgy, but became a separate project in its own right.
 The Ames Project developed the Ames Process, a method for preparing pure uranium metal that the Manhattan Project needed for its atomic bombs and nuclear reactors. Between 1942 and 1945, it produced over 1000 ST of uranium metal.
 It also developed methods of preparing and casting thorium, cerium and beryllium.
 In October 1945 Iowa State College received the Army-Navy "E" Award for Excellence in Production, an award usually only given to industrial organizations.
 In 1947 it became the Ames Laboratory, a national laboratory under the Atomic Energy Commission. 

--------------------------------

Paragraph 3 

 Operation Snow Flurry was an operation by the United States Air Force that consisted of B-47 Stratojet bombers flying to England to perform mock bomb drops.
 Data would be received on the ground from the planes, and this would later be used to track the accuracy of the mock drops.
 In 1958, a B-47 en route from Hunter Air Force Base accidentally dropped an inert Mark 6 nuclear bomb over Mars Bluff, South Carolina, although the explosion damaged nearby buildings.
 Live bombs were carried on board in case the planes had to activate for a wartime situation, but had their fissile nuclear cores removed and couldn't cause a nuclear detonation. 

--------------------------------

Paragraph 4 

 Program 477L (477L), also known as NUDETS (NUclear DETonation System) was a Cold War-era system used to monitor nuclear detonations over the Continental United States. 

--------------------------------

Paragraph 5 

 The B Reactor at the Hanford Site, near Richland, Washington, was the first large-scale nuclear reactor ever built.
 The project was commissioned to produce plutonium-239 by neutron activation as part of the Manhattan Project, the United States nuclear weapons development program during World War II.
 The B reactor was fueled with metallic natural uranium, graphite moderated, and water-cooled.
 It has been designated a U.S. National Historic Landmark since August 19, 2008 and in July 2011 the National Park Service recommended that the B Reactor be included in the Manhattan Project National Historical Park commemorating the Manhattan Project.
 Visitors can take a tour of the reactor by advance reservation. 

--------------------------------

Paragraph 6 

 The Manhattan Project was a research and development undertaking during World War II that produced the first nuclear weapons.
 It was led by the United States with the support of the United Kingdom and Canada.
 From 1942 to 1946, the project was under the direction of Major General Leslie Groves of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers.
 Nuclear physicist Robert Oppenheimer was the director of the Los Alamos Laboratory that designed the actual bombs.
 The Army component of the project was designated the Manhattan District; "Manhattan" gradually superseded the official codename, Development of Substitute Materials, for the entire project.
 Along the way, the project absorbed its earlier British counterpart, Tube Alloys.
 The Manhattan Project began modestly in 1939, but grew to employ more than 130,000 people and cost nearly US $2 billion (about $ in 2016 dollars).
 Over 90% of the cost was for building factories and to produce fissile material, with less than 10% for development and production of the weapons.
 Research and production took place at more than 30 sites across the United States, the United Kingdom, and Canada. 

--------------------------------

Paragraph 7 

 The McDonald Ranch House, also known as Trinity Site, in the Oscura Mountains of Socorro County, New Mexico, was the location of assembly of the world's first nuclear weapon.
 The active components of the Trinity test "gadget", a plutonium Fat Man-type bomb similar to that later dropped on Nagasaki, Japan, were assembled there on July 13, 1945.
 The completed bomb was winched up the test tower the following day and detonated on July 16, 1945 as the Trinity nuclear test. 

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Answer: New Mexico