title: First Battle of Kharkov
21st Army (Wehrmacht)
Operation Star
1st Battle Squadron
3rd Army (Wehrmacht)
2nd Garrison Division of Nanjing Military Region
10th Division (People's Republic of China)
101st Jäger Division (Wehrmacht)
Wilhelm Keitel
69th Army (Soviet Union)
sentences: The 1st Battle of Kharkov, so named by Wilhelm Keitel, was the 1941 tactical battle for the city of Kharkov (now "Kharkiv") (Ukrainian SSR) during the final phase of Operation "Barbarossa" between the German 6th Army of Army Group South and the Soviet Southwestern Front.
 The Soviet 38th Army was ordered to defend the city while its factories were dismantled for relocation farther east.
The 21st Army was a German field army in World War II.
Operation Star or Operation Zvesda (Russian: Звезда , 'Star' ) was a Red Army offensive on the Eastern Front of World War II begun on 2 February 1943.
 The attack was the responsibility of the Voronezh Front under the command of Filipp Golikov.
 Its main objectives were the cities of Kharkov and Kursk.
 While initially successful in capturing both cities, the Soviets overextended themselves, allowing German Field Marshal Erich von Manstein to launch a counteroffensive and inflict a defeat on the Soviets in the Third Battle of Kharkov.
The British 1st Battle Squadron was a naval squadron consisting of battleships.
 The 1st Battle Squadron was initially part of the Royal Navy's Grand Fleet.
 After World War I the Grand Fleet was reverted to its original name, the Atlantic Fleet.
 The squadron changed composition often as ships were damaged, retired or transferred.
The 3rd Army (German: "3.
 Armee" ) was a German field army that fought during :World War II.
The 85th Division () was created on February 1949 under "the Regulation of the Redesignations of All Organizations and Units of the Army", issued by Central Military Commission on November 1, 1948, basing on the 31st Brigade, 11th Column of Huadong Field Army.
 Its history could be traced to 31st Brigade, 7th Column of Huazhong Field Army formed in September 1946.
The 10th Division () was created in February 1949 under "the Regulation of the Redesignations of All Organizations and Units of the Army", issued by Central Military Commission on November 1, 1948, basing on the 1st Security Brigade, 4th Column of the PLA Northwestern Field Army and 1st Regiment of 6th Cavalry Division.
 Its history can be traced to the 1st Security Brigade, Stationary Corps of Eighth Route Army, formed in December 1939.
The 101st Jäger Division was a light infantry Division of the German Army in World War II.
 It was formed in July 1942 by the redesignation of the 101st Light Infantry Division, which was itself formed in December 1940.
 It took part in the Battle of Kharkov, the Battle of the Caucasus, and the retreat into the Kuban, where it suffered heavy losses fighting both the Red Army and partisans.
 The division was then involved in the battles in the Kuban bridgehead before being evacuated.
 The 101st was subsequently transferred to the lower Dnieper River in late 1943.
 It was part of the 1st Panzer Army that was surrounded in March 1944; it formed the rear guard for the XLVI Panzer Corps during the breakout of the Kamenets-Podolsky pocket.
 The division then retreated across Ukraine.
 In October 1944, it was moved to Slovakia and took part in the Battle of the Dukla Pass.
Wilhelm Keitel (22 September 1882 – 16 October 1946) was a German field marshal who served as Chief of the Armed Forces High Command ("Oberkommando der Wehrmacht" or OKW) in Nazi Germany during World War II.
 According to David Stahel, Keitel was "well known and [...] reviled as Hitler's dependable mouthpiece and habitual yes-man" among his military colleagues.
The army was formed in February 1943 with the Voronezh Front from the 18th Rifle Corps, under the command of Lieutenant General Mikhail Kazakov.
 It originally included the 161st, 180th and 270th Rifle Divisions, the 1st Destroyer Division (an anti-tank unit), the 37th Rifle and 173rd Tank Brigades, as well as artillery and other units.
 By the time it was sent into combat, the army had been reinforced with two more rifle divisions and a tank regiment, and had a strength of around 40,000 men and 50 tanks.
 Without finishing its formation, the army was sent into battle in Operation Star, an offensive which aimed to recapture Kharkov.
 The offensive began on 4 February and the army experienced initial success, defeating opposing German units southwest of Novy Oskol and recapturing Volchansk alongside the 38th Army on 9 February.
 Developing the offensive, its troops crossed the Donets, and operating in conjunction with the 3rd Tank Army and the 40th Army, recaptured Kharkov on 16 February.
 When the offensive was stopped by the German counterattack that began the Third Battle of Kharkov in early March, the 69th had reached the area southeast of Oposhnya and southwest of Valka and Sharovka.

Question: Question: The 1st Battle of Kharkov was named so by a German field army born in which year ? 

 Your answer will be verified with exact match score. To ensure correct verification, only provide the answer within the <answer> </answer> tags. Do not put any sentences or reasoning process within the <answer> </answer> tags. 

Supporting Information: Paragraph 0 

 The 1st Battle of Kharkov, so named by Wilhelm Keitel, was the 1941 tactical battle for the city of Kharkov (now "Kharkiv") (Ukrainian SSR) during the final phase of Operation "Barbarossa" between the German 6th Army of Army Group South and the Soviet Southwestern Front.
 The Soviet 38th Army was ordered to defend the city while its factories were dismantled for relocation farther east. 

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Paragraph 1 

 The 21st Army was a German field army in World War II. 

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Paragraph 2 

 The British 1st Battle Squadron was a naval squadron consisting of battleships.
 The 1st Battle Squadron was initially part of the Royal Navy's Grand Fleet.
 After World War I the Grand Fleet was reverted to its original name, the Atlantic Fleet.
 The squadron changed composition often as ships were damaged, retired or transferred. 

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Paragraph 3 

 The 3rd Army (German: "3.
 Armee" ) was a German field army that fought during :World War II. 

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Paragraph 4 

 The 85th Division () was created on February 1949 under "the Regulation of the Redesignations of All Organizations and Units of the Army", issued by Central Military Commission on November 1, 1948, basing on the 31st Brigade, 11th Column of Huadong Field Army.
 Its history could be traced to 31st Brigade, 7th Column of Huazhong Field Army formed in September 1946. 

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Paragraph 5 

 The 10th Division () was created in February 1949 under "the Regulation of the Redesignations of All Organizations and Units of the Army", issued by Central Military Commission on November 1, 1948, basing on the 1st Security Brigade, 4th Column of the PLA Northwestern Field Army and 1st Regiment of 6th Cavalry Division.
 Its history can be traced to the 1st Security Brigade, Stationary Corps of Eighth Route Army, formed in December 1939. 

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Paragraph 6 

 The 101st Jäger Division was a light infantry Division of the German Army in World War II.
 It was formed in July 1942 by the redesignation of the 101st Light Infantry Division, which was itself formed in December 1940.
 It took part in the Battle of Kharkov, the Battle of the Caucasus, and the retreat into the Kuban, where it suffered heavy losses fighting both the Red Army and partisans.
 The division was then involved in the battles in the Kuban bridgehead before being evacuated.
 The 101st was subsequently transferred to the lower Dnieper River in late 1943.
 It was part of the 1st Panzer Army that was surrounded in March 1944; it formed the rear guard for the XLVI Panzer Corps during the breakout of the Kamenets-Podolsky pocket.
 The division then retreated across Ukraine.
 In October 1944, it was moved to Slovakia and took part in the Battle of the Dukla Pass. 

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Paragraph 7 

 Wilhelm Keitel (22 September 1882 – 16 October 1946) was a German field marshal who served as Chief of the Armed Forces High Command ("Oberkommando der Wehrmacht" or OKW) in Nazi Germany during World War II.
 According to David Stahel, Keitel was "well known and [...] reviled as Hitler's dependable mouthpiece and habitual yes-man" among his military colleagues. 

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Answer: 1882