title: Smarties Candy Company
Lemmon v. New York
USS General J. C. Breckinridge (AP-176)
Ches Crist
Norm Thompson Outfitters
Miles M. O'Brien
Chester A. Arthur
Masonic Temple (Kent, Ohio)
Alan Rothenberg
USS Los Angeles (SSN-688)
sentences: Smarties Candy Company (formerly Ce De Candy, Inc.) is a confectionery company well known for its namesake candy, Smarties.
 Edward "Eddie" Dee founded Ce De Candy in Bloomfield, New Jersey, in 1949.
 His son, Jonathan Dee, is president of the company.
 Edward Dee’s granddaughters, Sarah Dee, Jessica Dee Sawyer and Liz Dee serve as executive vice presidents and oversee day-to-day operations.
 Smarties Candy Company operates plants in Union Township, New Jersey, and in Newmarket, Ontario, Canada.
 Its headquarters are in Union Township.
 It is one of the few remaining family-owned, mass-production confectionery companies in the United States.
Lemmon v. New York, or Lemmon v.
 The People, popularly known as the Lemmon Slave Case, was a proceeding initiated in 1852 by a petition for a writ of habeas corpus, which was granted by the Superior Court in New York City and eventually affirmed by the New York Court of Appeals in 1860 on the eve of the Civil War.
 The result of issuing the writ was the release of eight slaves including six children, who were brought into New York by their Virginia slave owners, while in transit during relocation to Texas.
 John Jay (namesake of his grandfather, the diplomat for the Continental Congress and again during the Washington Administration, former Governor of New York and first Chief Justice of the United States) was the guiding spirit behind the litigation.
 The attorney for the state on appeal (prosecuting for the release of the slaves) was Chester A. Arthur (future president of the United States).
 Counsel to him were William M. Evarts, Joseph Blunt and Erastus D. Culver.
USS "General J. C. Breckinridge" (AP-176) was a troopship that served with the United States Navy in World War II, the Korean War and the Vietnam War.
 In October 1949 she was redesignated T-AP-176 but retained her Navy crew.
 Her namesake was Confederate Major General John C. Breckinridge who served as Vice President of the United States from 1857 to 1861.
Chester Arthur Crist (February 10, 1882 – January 7, 1957), nicknamed "Squak", was a Major League Baseball catcher.
 He played in six games for the Philadelphia Phillies in , going 11 at bats without a hit.
 He was named for Chester A. Arthur, who was President of the United States at the time of Crist's birth.
Norm Thompson Outfitters is a privately owned catalog and internet retailer based in Hillsboro, Oregon, United States.
 Founded in 1949 by Norman A. (Norm) Thompson as a mail order business, it grew to annual sales of $200 million before it was sold to Golden Gate Capital Partners in 2006.
 The company sells clothing, gadgets, furniture, kitchen items, and gift items from its namesake catalog as well as from its Solutions and Sahalie brands.
 John Difrancesco serves as president and chief executive of the 500 employee company.
Miles M. O'Brien (1852 – December 22, 1910) was a banker and former president of the New York City Board of Education, who was born in Ireland.
 His parents were Dr. Miles O'Brien and Fanny Casey O'Brien.
 He came to the United States when he was twelve.
 He was president of the New Amsterdam National Bank, vice-president of the Mercantile National Bank, and director of the American Ice Company.
 His great-great grandson (and namesake) Miles O'Brien is a correspondent for CNN based in New York City.
Chester Alan Arthur (October 5, 1829 – November 18, 1886) was an American attorney and politician who served as the 21st President of the United States (1881–85); he succeeded James A. Garfield upon the latter's assassination.
 At the outset, Arthur struggled to overcome a slightly negative reputation, which stemmed from his early career in politics as part of New York's Republican political machine.
 He succeeded by embracing the cause of civil service reform.
 His advocacy for, and subsequent enforcement of, the Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act was the centerpiece of his administration.
The Kent Masonic Temple is a historic house in Kent, Ohio, United States.
 Built in 1880 in the Italianate style, it was originally the home of Kent namesake Marvin Kent and his family.
 Construction was performed partially by locals and partly by master craftsmen from afar: the architect was Isaac Tuttle of neighboring Ravenna, but interior woodworking was performed by woodworkers brought from New York City.
 Members of Kent's family lived at the house for slightly more than forty years before selling it to a Masonic lodge in 1923.
 Due to Marvin Kent's national prominence in the Republican Party, many political leaders visited his house, including Presidents Benjamin Harrison, William McKinley, William Howard Taft, and Warren G. Harding; the guest room in which every president slept has been named the "President's Room" and preserved in its late nineteenth-century condition.
Alan I. Rothenberg (born April 10, 1939) is an American lawyer and sports executive.
 He is known for his contributions to and influence on the growth of soccer in the United States.
 He is the namesake of the Alan I. Rothenberg Trophy, which was awarded annually to the winner of the MLS Cup from 1996 to 1999.
 Rothenberg was president of U.S. Soccer (the governing body of American soccer) during the 1990s and oversaw the 1994 FIFA World Cup in the United States and the establishment of Major League Soccer in 1996.
USS "Los Angeles" (SSN-688), lead ship of her class of submarines, was the fourth ship of the United States Navy to be named for Los Angeles, California.
 The contract to build her was awarded to Newport News Shipbuilding and Dry Dock Company in Newport News, Virginia on 8 January 1971 and her keel was laid down on 8 January 1972.
 She was launched on 6 April 1974 sponsored by Anne Armstrong, and commissioned on 13 November 1976 with Commander John E. Christensen in command.
 She hosted President Jimmy Carter and the First Lady on 27 May 1977 for an at-sea demonstration of her capabilities.
 In 2007 she was the oldest submarine in active service with the United States Navy.
 The Navy decommissioned USS "Los Angeles" on 23 January 2010, in the Port of Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, her namesake city.
 The wardroom of the oldest submarine in the fleet carries Richard O'Kane's personal cribbage board, and upon "Los Angeles"' decommissioning the board was transferred to the next oldest boat, USS "Bremerton" .

Question: Question: Who preceeded the namesake of Ches Crist as President of the United States? 

 Your answer will be verified with exact match score. To ensure correct verification, only provide the answer within the <answer> </answer> tags. Do not put any sentences or reasoning process within the <answer> </answer> tags. 

Supporting Information: Paragraph 0 

 USS "General J. C. Breckinridge" (AP-176) was a troopship that served with the United States Navy in World War II, the Korean War and the Vietnam War.
 In October 1949 she was redesignated T-AP-176 but retained her Navy crew.
 Her namesake was Confederate Major General John C. Breckinridge who served as Vice President of the United States from 1857 to 1861. 

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Paragraph 1 

 Chester Arthur Crist (February 10, 1882 – January 7, 1957), nicknamed "Squak", was a Major League Baseball catcher.
 He played in six games for the Philadelphia Phillies in , going 11 at bats without a hit.
 He was named for Chester A. Arthur, who was President of the United States at the time of Crist's birth. 

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Paragraph 2 

 Norm Thompson Outfitters is a privately owned catalog and internet retailer based in Hillsboro, Oregon, United States.
 Founded in 1949 by Norman A. (Norm) Thompson as a mail order business, it grew to annual sales of $200 million before it was sold to Golden Gate Capital Partners in 2006.
 The company sells clothing, gadgets, furniture, kitchen items, and gift items from its namesake catalog as well as from its Solutions and Sahalie brands.
 John Difrancesco serves as president and chief executive of the 500 employee company. 

--------------------------------

Paragraph 3 

 Miles M. O'Brien (1852 – December 22, 1910) was a banker and former president of the New York City Board of Education, who was born in Ireland.
 His parents were Dr. Miles O'Brien and Fanny Casey O'Brien.
 He came to the United States when he was twelve.
 He was president of the New Amsterdam National Bank, vice-president of the Mercantile National Bank, and director of the American Ice Company.
 His great-great grandson (and namesake) Miles O'Brien is a correspondent for CNN based in New York City. 

--------------------------------

Paragraph 4 

 Chester Alan Arthur (October 5, 1829 – November 18, 1886) was an American attorney and politician who served as the 21st President of the United States (1881–85); he succeeded James A. Garfield upon the latter's assassination.
 At the outset, Arthur struggled to overcome a slightly negative reputation, which stemmed from his early career in politics as part of New York's Republican political machine.
 He succeeded by embracing the cause of civil service reform.
 His advocacy for, and subsequent enforcement of, the Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act was the centerpiece of his administration. 

--------------------------------

Paragraph 5 

 The Kent Masonic Temple is a historic house in Kent, Ohio, United States.
 Built in 1880 in the Italianate style, it was originally the home of Kent namesake Marvin Kent and his family.
 Construction was performed partially by locals and partly by master craftsmen from afar: the architect was Isaac Tuttle of neighboring Ravenna, but interior woodworking was performed by woodworkers brought from New York City.
 Members of Kent's family lived at the house for slightly more than forty years before selling it to a Masonic lodge in 1923.
 Due to Marvin Kent's national prominence in the Republican Party, many political leaders visited his house, including Presidents Benjamin Harrison, William McKinley, William Howard Taft, and Warren G. Harding; the guest room in which every president slept has been named the "President's Room" and preserved in its late nineteenth-century condition. 

--------------------------------

Paragraph 6 

 Alan I. Rothenberg (born April 10, 1939) is an American lawyer and sports executive.
 He is known for his contributions to and influence on the growth of soccer in the United States.
 He is the namesake of the Alan I. Rothenberg Trophy, which was awarded annually to the winner of the MLS Cup from 1996 to 1999.
 Rothenberg was president of U.S. Soccer (the governing body of American soccer) during the 1990s and oversaw the 1994 FIFA World Cup in the United States and the establishment of Major League Soccer in 1996. 

--------------------------------

Paragraph 7 

 USS "Los Angeles" (SSN-688), lead ship of her class of submarines, was the fourth ship of the United States Navy to be named for Los Angeles, California.
 The contract to build her was awarded to Newport News Shipbuilding and Dry Dock Company in Newport News, Virginia on 8 January 1971 and her keel was laid down on 8 January 1972.
 She was launched on 6 April 1974 sponsored by Anne Armstrong, and commissioned on 13 November 1976 with Commander John E. Christensen in command.
 She hosted President Jimmy Carter and the First Lady on 27 May 1977 for an at-sea demonstration of her capabilities.
 In 2007 she was the oldest submarine in active service with the United States Navy.
 The Navy decommissioned USS "Los Angeles" on 23 January 2010, in the Port of Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, her namesake city.
 The wardroom of the oldest submarine in the fleet carries Richard O'Kane's personal cribbage board, and upon "Los Angeles"' decommissioning the board was transferred to the next oldest boat, USS "Bremerton" . 

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Answer: James A. Garfield