title: The Judge and His Hangman
Friedrich Dürrenmatt
Bohemian Lights
Divinas palabras (1977 film)
The Tunnel (short story)
The Pledge: Requiem for the Detective Novel
Premio Valle-Inclán
Esperpento
El marqués de Bradomín. Coloquios románticos
Ramón del Valle-Inclán
sentences: The Judge and His Hangman (German: Der Richter und sein Henker ) is a 1950 novel by the Swiss writer Friedrich Dürrenmatt.
 It was first published in English in 1954, in a translation by Cyrus Brooks and later in a translation by Therese Pol.
 A new translation by Joel Agee appeared in 2006, published together with it sequel "Suspicion", as "The Inspector Bärlach Mysteries," with a foreword by Sven Birkerts.
 Together with Dürrenmatt's "", these stories are considered classics of crime fiction, fusing existential philosophy and the detective genre.
Friedrich Dürrenmatt (] ; 5 January 1921 – 14 December 1990) was a Swiss author and dramatist.
 He was a proponent of epic theatre whose plays reflected the recent experiences of World War II.
 The politically active author's work included avant-garde dramas, philosophical crime novels, and macabre satire.
 Dürrenmatt was a member of the Gruppe Olten.
Bohemian Lights, or "Luces de Bohemia" in the original Spanish, is a play written by Ramón del Valle-Inclán, published in 1924.
 The central character is Max Estrella, a struggling poet afflicted by blindness.
 The play is a degenerated tragedy ("esperpento") focusing on the troubles of the literary and artistic world in Spain under the Restoration.
 Through Max's poverty, ill fortune and eventual death, Valle-Inclán portrays how society neglects the creative.
Divinas palabras (English: "Divine Words") is a 1977 Mexican film directed by Juan Ibáñez and starring Silvia Pinal and Mario Almada.
 The film is based on the play of the same name by Spanish author Ramón del Valle-Inclán.
"The Tunnel" is a short story by Friedrich Dürrenmatt, that came out in 1952.
 It belongs to the most important works of Dürrenmatt and is a classic among the surrealistic short stories.
 With the beginning of the story, Dürrenmatt parodies Thomas Mann.
 The first sentence is very long and nested.
 Furthermore, Dürrenmatts student is in a train and likes cigars – just like the young man in The Magic Mountain (Der Zauberberg).
The Pledge (German: "Das Versprechen") is a crime novella by Swiss author Friedrich Dürrenmatt, published in 1958, after Dürrenmatt thought that his previous movie script, "Es geschah am hellichten Tag" ("It happened in broad daylight") did not have a realistic ending.
 That made-for-television story had demanded an ending in line with that of a typical detective story.
 Dürrenmatt, however, was a critic of that genre of literature, and thus he set out to write "Das Versprechen" as an expression of that criticism.
 Although it has been absent from some subsequent editions of the novella, the title of the original edition included the telling subtitle Requiem for the Detective Novel (German: "Requiem auf den Kriminalroman").
The Premio Valle-Inclán is a literary translation prize.
 It is awarded by the Society of Authors (London) for the best English translation of a work of Spanish literature.
 It is named after Ramón del Valle-Inclán.
 The prize money is GBP 2000.
Esperpento denotes a literary style in Spanish literature first established by Spanish author Ramón María del Valle-Inclán that uses distorted descriptions of reality in order to criticize society.
 Leading themes include death, the grotesque, and the reduction of human beings to objects (reification).
 The style is marked by bitter irony.
 In Latin America, the author most well known for using esperpento is Mexican author Jorge Ibargüengoitia.
El marqués de Bradomín.
 Coloquios románticos (The Marquis of Bradomin.
 Romantic meetings), is a play by the Spanish writer Ramón del Valle-Inclán.
 It was first performed in 1906.
Ramón María del Valle-Inclán y de la Peña (in Vilanova de Arousa, Galicia, Spain, 28 October 1866 – Santiago de Compostela, 5 January 1936) was a Spanish dramatist, novelist and member of the Spanish Generation of 98.
 He is considered perhaps the most noteworthy and certainly the most radical dramatist working to subvert the traditionalism of the Spanish theatrical establishment in the early part of the 20th century.
 His drama is made all the more important by its influence on later generations of Spanish dramatists.

Question: Question: What job do both Ramón del Valle-Inclán and Friedrich Dürrenmatt have in common? 

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Supporting Information: Paragraph 0 

 The Judge and His Hangman (German: Der Richter und sein Henker ) is a 1950 novel by the Swiss writer Friedrich Dürrenmatt.
 It was first published in English in 1954, in a translation by Cyrus Brooks and later in a translation by Therese Pol.
 A new translation by Joel Agee appeared in 2006, published together with it sequel "Suspicion", as "The Inspector Bärlach Mysteries," with a foreword by Sven Birkerts.
 Together with Dürrenmatt's "", these stories are considered classics of crime fiction, fusing existential philosophy and the detective genre. 

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Paragraph 1 

 Friedrich Dürrenmatt (] ; 5 January 1921 – 14 December 1990) was a Swiss author and dramatist.
 He was a proponent of epic theatre whose plays reflected the recent experiences of World War II.
 The politically active author's work included avant-garde dramas, philosophical crime novels, and macabre satire.
 Dürrenmatt was a member of the Gruppe Olten. 

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Paragraph 2 

 Bohemian Lights, or "Luces de Bohemia" in the original Spanish, is a play written by Ramón del Valle-Inclán, published in 1924.
 The central character is Max Estrella, a struggling poet afflicted by blindness.
 The play is a degenerated tragedy ("esperpento") focusing on the troubles of the literary and artistic world in Spain under the Restoration.
 Through Max's poverty, ill fortune and eventual death, Valle-Inclán portrays how society neglects the creative. 

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Paragraph 3 

 Divinas palabras (English: "Divine Words") is a 1977 Mexican film directed by Juan Ibáñez and starring Silvia Pinal and Mario Almada.
 The film is based on the play of the same name by Spanish author Ramón del Valle-Inclán. 

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Paragraph 4 

 The Premio Valle-Inclán is a literary translation prize.
 It is awarded by the Society of Authors (London) for the best English translation of a work of Spanish literature.
 It is named after Ramón del Valle-Inclán.
 The prize money is GBP 2000. 

--------------------------------

Paragraph 5 

 Esperpento denotes a literary style in Spanish literature first established by Spanish author Ramón María del Valle-Inclán that uses distorted descriptions of reality in order to criticize society.
 Leading themes include death, the grotesque, and the reduction of human beings to objects (reification).
 The style is marked by bitter irony.
 In Latin America, the author most well known for using esperpento is Mexican author Jorge Ibargüengoitia. 

--------------------------------

Paragraph 6 

 El marqués de Bradomín.
 Coloquios románticos (The Marquis of Bradomin.
 Romantic meetings), is a play by the Spanish writer Ramón del Valle-Inclán.
 It was first performed in 1906. 

--------------------------------

Paragraph 7 

 Ramón María del Valle-Inclán y de la Peña (in Vilanova de Arousa, Galicia, Spain, 28 October 1866 – Santiago de Compostela, 5 January 1936) was a Spanish dramatist, novelist and member of the Spanish Generation of 98.
 He is considered perhaps the most noteworthy and certainly the most radical dramatist working to subvert the traditionalism of the Spanish theatrical establishment in the early part of the 20th century.
 His drama is made all the more important by its influence on later generations of Spanish dramatists. 

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Answer: dramatist