title: Sparaxis tricolor
Salvinia auriculata
Salvinia effect
Salvinia molesta
Protosalvinia
Salvinia
Cyrtobagous salviniae
Sparaxis bulbifera
Dierama pendulum
Sparaxis
sentences: Sparaxis tricolor, known by the common names wandflower, harlequin flower, and sparaxis, is a bulb-forming perennial plant that grows in well-drained sunny soil.
 It gained its name from its colorful flowers which are bi- or tri-coloured with a golden centre and a small ring of brown surrounded by another colour.
Salvinia auriculata is a species of plant in the Salviniaceae known by the common names eared watermoss, African payal, and butterfly fern.
 It is native to the Americas from Mexico south to Argentina and Chile.
 It is cultivated as an ornamental plant and it has become naturalized in the wild in some places.
The Salvinia effect describes the permanent stabilization of an air layer upon a hierarchically structured surface submerged in water.
 Based on biological models (e.g. the floating ferns "Salvinia", backswimmer "Notonecta"), biomimetic Salvinia-surfaces are used as drag reducing coatings (up to 30% reduction were previously measured on the first prototypes.
 When applied to a ship hull, the coating would allow the boat to float on an air-layer; reducing energy consumption and emissions.
 Such surfaces require an extremely water repellent super-hydrophobic surface and an elastic hairy structure in the millimeter range to entrap air while submerged.
 The Salvinia effect was discovered by the biologist and botanist Wilhelm Barthlott (University of Bonn) and his colleagues and has been investigated on several plants and animals since 2002.
 Publications and patents were published between 2006 and 2016.
 The best biological models are the floating ferns ("Salvinia)" with highly sophisticated hierarchically structured hairy surfaces, and the back swimmers (e.g."Notonecta)" with a complex double structure of hairs (setae) and microvilli (microtrichia).
 Three of the ten known Salvinia species show a paradoxical chemical heterogenity: hydrophilic hair tips, in addition to the super-hydrophobic plant surface, further stabilizing the air layer.
Salvinia molesta, commonly known as giant salvinia, or as kariba weed after it infested a large portion of the reservoir of the same name, is an aquatic fern, native to south-eastern Brazil.
 It is a free floating plant that does not attach to the soil, but instead remains buoyant on the surface of a body of water.
 The fronds are 0.5–4 cm long and broad, with a bristly surface caused by the hair-like strands that join at the end to form eggbeater shapes.
 They are used to provide a waterproof covering.
 These fronds are produced in pairs also with a third modified root-like frond that hangs in the water.
Protosalvinia is a prehistoric plant found commonly in shale from shoreline habitats of the Upper Devonian period.
 The name "Protosalvinia" is a misnomer.
 The name literally means "early Salvinia", and was given in the erroneous belief that the fossils were an earlier form of the living aquatic fern "Salvinia".
 It is no longer believed that the fossils come from a fern, but deciding exactly what the fossils represent is still a matter of debate.
 This is surprising when one considers how much is known about the fossils.
Salvinia, a genus in the family Salviniaceae, is a floating fern named in honor of Anton Maria Salvini, a 17th-century Italian scientist.
 Watermoss is a common name for "Salvinia".
 The genus was published in 1754 by Jean-François Séguier, in his description of the plants found round Verona, "Plantae Veronenses" Twelve species are recognized, at least three of which ("S. molesta", "S. herzogii", and "S. minima") are believed to be hybrids, in part because their sporangia are found to be empty.
Cyrtobagous salviniae is a species of weevil known as the salvinia weevil.
 It is used as an agent of biological pest control against the noxious aquatic plant giant salvinia ("Salvinia molesta").
Sparaxis bulbifera, commonly known as harlequin flower, is a bulb-forming perennial plant.
 The species is native to Cape Province in South Africa and naturalised in the Azores and Australia.
 It grows to between 15 and 60 cm high and has white to cream flowers.
Dierama pendulum, commonly known as fairy bell, hair bell and wedding bell, is a species of Iridaceae endemic to the Eastern Cape and first collected in 1772 by the Swedish naturalist Carl Peter Thunberg near Essenbos on the Kromme River or Kromrivier which flows down the Langkloof.
 In 1845 the genus "Dierama" was established by Karl Koch (1809-1879) based on this specimen.
 Before that the plant had been placed in various genera including "Ixia", "Sparaxis" and "Watsonia".
 The species name has been misapplied to "D. inyangense", "D. densiflorum" and to "D. plowesii".
Sparaxis (harlequin flower) is a genus in the family Iridaceae with about 13 species endemic to Cape Province, South Africa.

Question: Question: Are Sparaxis and Salvinia both types of plant? 

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Supporting Information: Paragraph 0 

 Sparaxis tricolor, known by the common names wandflower, harlequin flower, and sparaxis, is a bulb-forming perennial plant that grows in well-drained sunny soil.
 It gained its name from its colorful flowers which are bi- or tri-coloured with a golden centre and a small ring of brown surrounded by another colour. 

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Paragraph 1 

 Salvinia auriculata is a species of plant in the Salviniaceae known by the common names eared watermoss, African payal, and butterfly fern.
 It is native to the Americas from Mexico south to Argentina and Chile.
 It is cultivated as an ornamental plant and it has become naturalized in the wild in some places. 

--------------------------------

Paragraph 2 

 The Salvinia effect describes the permanent stabilization of an air layer upon a hierarchically structured surface submerged in water.
 Based on biological models (e.g. the floating ferns "Salvinia", backswimmer "Notonecta"), biomimetic Salvinia-surfaces are used as drag reducing coatings (up to 30% reduction were previously measured on the first prototypes.
 When applied to a ship hull, the coating would allow the boat to float on an air-layer; reducing energy consumption and emissions.
 Such surfaces require an extremely water repellent super-hydrophobic surface and an elastic hairy structure in the millimeter range to entrap air while submerged.
 The Salvinia effect was discovered by the biologist and botanist Wilhelm Barthlott (University of Bonn) and his colleagues and has been investigated on several plants and animals since 2002.
 Publications and patents were published between 2006 and 2016.
 The best biological models are the floating ferns ("Salvinia)" with highly sophisticated hierarchically structured hairy surfaces, and the back swimmers (e.g."Notonecta)" with a complex double structure of hairs (setae) and microvilli (microtrichia).
 Three of the ten known Salvinia species show a paradoxical chemical heterogenity: hydrophilic hair tips, in addition to the super-hydrophobic plant surface, further stabilizing the air layer. 

--------------------------------

Paragraph 3 

 Salvinia molesta, commonly known as giant salvinia, or as kariba weed after it infested a large portion of the reservoir of the same name, is an aquatic fern, native to south-eastern Brazil.
 It is a free floating plant that does not attach to the soil, but instead remains buoyant on the surface of a body of water.
 The fronds are 0.5–4 cm long and broad, with a bristly surface caused by the hair-like strands that join at the end to form eggbeater shapes.
 They are used to provide a waterproof covering.
 These fronds are produced in pairs also with a third modified root-like frond that hangs in the water. 

--------------------------------

Paragraph 4 

 Salvinia, a genus in the family Salviniaceae, is a floating fern named in honor of Anton Maria Salvini, a 17th-century Italian scientist.
 Watermoss is a common name for "Salvinia".
 The genus was published in 1754 by Jean-François Séguier, in his description of the plants found round Verona, "Plantae Veronenses" Twelve species are recognized, at least three of which ("S. molesta", "S. herzogii", and "S. minima") are believed to be hybrids, in part because their sporangia are found to be empty. 

--------------------------------

Paragraph 5 

 Cyrtobagous salviniae is a species of weevil known as the salvinia weevil.
 It is used as an agent of biological pest control against the noxious aquatic plant giant salvinia ("Salvinia molesta"). 

--------------------------------

Paragraph 6 

 Dierama pendulum, commonly known as fairy bell, hair bell and wedding bell, is a species of Iridaceae endemic to the Eastern Cape and first collected in 1772 by the Swedish naturalist Carl Peter Thunberg near Essenbos on the Kromme River or Kromrivier which flows down the Langkloof.
 In 1845 the genus "Dierama" was established by Karl Koch (1809-1879) based on this specimen.
 Before that the plant had been placed in various genera including "Ixia", "Sparaxis" and "Watsonia".
 The species name has been misapplied to "D. inyangense", "D. densiflorum" and to "D. plowesii". 

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Paragraph 7 

 Sparaxis (harlequin flower) is a genus in the family Iridaceae with about 13 species endemic to Cape Province, South Africa. 

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Answer: yes