title: Preventing Chronic Disease
Health promotion in higher education
Fruit and vegetables for kids
National public health institutes
Preventive healthcare
Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention
Cotton Mather
Natural history of disease
2012 outbreak of Salmonella
Onesimus (Boston slave)
sentences: Preventing Chronic Disease is a peer-reviewed open access medical journal established by the National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention), covering research on all aspects of chronic diseases.
In higher education, health promotion programs work to support student success by creating healthy learning environments.
 Health promotion professionals practice prevention to expand protective factors and reduce personal and community health risk factors, utilizing a public health/population health model.
 Health promotion services often coordinate primary prevention and secondary prevention on campus, operating as a functional area of College Health or Student Affairs.
 Sub-specialties include education on alcohol, tobacco, and other drugs, sexual health, nutrition, stress management, healthy lifestyles, chronic disease prevention and peer health education.
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, children are failing to meet the recommended amount of the essential fruits and vegetables that they should eat daily (CDC, 2014).
 More specifically, The Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion (2010) explained that in 2007, 60% of children did not meet the U.S. Department of Agriculture Food Patterns fruit intake recommendations, and 93% did not meet vegetable recommendations (Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2010).
 This inadequate consumption of fruits and vegetables has become evident in recent years in the quality of children’s diets, and is a significant contributor to the obesity epidemic (Pearson, 2009).
National public health institutes (NPHIs) are science-based governmental organizations that serve as a focal point for a country's public health efforts, as well as a critical component of global disease prevention and response systems.
 Among the better known NPHIs are the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the United Kingdom Health Protection Agency, and the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention.
Preventive healthcare (alternately preventive medicine or prophylaxis) consists of measures taken for disease prevention, as opposed to disease treatment.
 Just as health encompasses a variety of physical and mental states, so do disease and disability, which are affected by environmental factors, genetic predisposition, disease agents, and lifestyle choices.
 Health, disease, and disability are dynamic processes which begin before individuals realize they are affected.
 Disease prevention relies on anticipatory actions that can be categorized as primal, primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention.
The Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CCDC; ) is an agency of the Ministry of Health of the People's Republic of China based in Beijing, China.
 It works to protect public health and safety by providing information to enhance health decisions, and it promotes health through partnerships with provincial health departments and other organizations.
 The CCDC focuses national attention on developing and applying disease prevention and control (especially infectious diseases), environmental health, occupational safety and health, health promotion, prevention and education activities designed to improve the health of the people of the People's Republic of China.
Cotton Mather, FRS (February 12, 1663 – February 13, 1728; A.B. 1678, Harvard College; A.M. 1681, honorary doctorate 1710, University of Glasgow) was a socially and politically influential New England Puritan minister, prolific author, and pamphleteer.
 He left a scientific legacy due to his hybridization experiments and his promotion of inoculation for disease prevention, though he is most frequently remembered today for his vigorous support for the Salem witch trials.
 He was subsequently denied the Presidency of Harvard College which his father, Increase Mather, had held.
The natural history of disease is the course a disease takes in individual people from its pathological onset ("inception") until its eventual resolution through complete recovery or death.
 The inception of a disease is not a firmly defined concept.
 The natural history of a disease is sometimes said to start at the moment of exposure to causal agents.
 Knowledge of the natural history of disease ranks alongside causal understanding in importance for disease prevention and control.
 Natural history of disease is one of the major elements of descriptive epidemiology.
In general, the United States alone experiences 1 million cases of salmonellosis per year.
 In Europe, although there are around 100,000 incidents of salmonellosis reported annually, there has been a steady decrease in cases over the past four years.
 The exact number of those infected is impossible to know as not all cases are reported.
 Of these reported cases, some can be classified as foodborne disease outbreaks by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) if "two or more people get the same illness from the same contaminated food or drink" or zoonotic outbreaks if "two or more people get the same illness from the same pet or other animal".
 In 2012, the various strains or serotypes of the "Salmonella" bacteria, related to the outbreaks in the United States, infected over 1800 people and killed seven.
 In Europe, the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) reported 91,034 cases of "Salmonella" infection with 65,317 cases related to the 2012 outbreaks.
 Of those 65,317 cases, there were 61 deaths.
Onesimus (late 1600s–1700s) was an African-born man held as a slave by Puritan minister Cotton Mather, who helped mitigate the impact of a smallpox outbreak in Boston by introducing Mather to the principle of inoculation.
 In a 2016 "Boston Magazine" survey, he was declared one of the "Best Bostonians of All Time".

Question: Question: Who was known for his promotion of inoculation for disease prevention and owned the slave Onesimus? 

 Your answer will be verified with exact match score. To ensure correct verification, only provide the answer within the <answer> </answer> tags. Do not put any sentences or reasoning process within the <answer> </answer> tags. 

Supporting Information: Paragraph 0 

 Preventing Chronic Disease is a peer-reviewed open access medical journal established by the National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention), covering research on all aspects of chronic diseases. 

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Paragraph 1 

 In higher education, health promotion programs work to support student success by creating healthy learning environments.
 Health promotion professionals practice prevention to expand protective factors and reduce personal and community health risk factors, utilizing a public health/population health model.
 Health promotion services often coordinate primary prevention and secondary prevention on campus, operating as a functional area of College Health or Student Affairs.
 Sub-specialties include education on alcohol, tobacco, and other drugs, sexual health, nutrition, stress management, healthy lifestyles, chronic disease prevention and peer health education. 

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Paragraph 2 

 According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, children are failing to meet the recommended amount of the essential fruits and vegetables that they should eat daily (CDC, 2014).
 More specifically, The Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion (2010) explained that in 2007, 60% of children did not meet the U.S. Department of Agriculture Food Patterns fruit intake recommendations, and 93% did not meet vegetable recommendations (Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2010).
 This inadequate consumption of fruits and vegetables has become evident in recent years in the quality of children’s diets, and is a significant contributor to the obesity epidemic (Pearson, 2009). 

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Paragraph 3 

 Preventive healthcare (alternately preventive medicine or prophylaxis) consists of measures taken for disease prevention, as opposed to disease treatment.
 Just as health encompasses a variety of physical and mental states, so do disease and disability, which are affected by environmental factors, genetic predisposition, disease agents, and lifestyle choices.
 Health, disease, and disability are dynamic processes which begin before individuals realize they are affected.
 Disease prevention relies on anticipatory actions that can be categorized as primal, primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention. 

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Paragraph 4 

 The Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CCDC; ) is an agency of the Ministry of Health of the People's Republic of China based in Beijing, China.
 It works to protect public health and safety by providing information to enhance health decisions, and it promotes health through partnerships with provincial health departments and other organizations.
 The CCDC focuses national attention on developing and applying disease prevention and control (especially infectious diseases), environmental health, occupational safety and health, health promotion, prevention and education activities designed to improve the health of the people of the People's Republic of China. 

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Paragraph 5 

 Cotton Mather, FRS (February 12, 1663 – February 13, 1728; A.B. 1678, Harvard College; A.M. 1681, honorary doctorate 1710, University of Glasgow) was a socially and politically influential New England Puritan minister, prolific author, and pamphleteer.
 He left a scientific legacy due to his hybridization experiments and his promotion of inoculation for disease prevention, though he is most frequently remembered today for his vigorous support for the Salem witch trials.
 He was subsequently denied the Presidency of Harvard College which his father, Increase Mather, had held. 

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Paragraph 6 

 In general, the United States alone experiences 1 million cases of salmonellosis per year.
 In Europe, although there are around 100,000 incidents of salmonellosis reported annually, there has been a steady decrease in cases over the past four years.
 The exact number of those infected is impossible to know as not all cases are reported.
 Of these reported cases, some can be classified as foodborne disease outbreaks by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) if "two or more people get the same illness from the same contaminated food or drink" or zoonotic outbreaks if "two or more people get the same illness from the same pet or other animal".
 In 2012, the various strains or serotypes of the "Salmonella" bacteria, related to the outbreaks in the United States, infected over 1800 people and killed seven.
 In Europe, the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) reported 91,034 cases of "Salmonella" infection with 65,317 cases related to the 2012 outbreaks.
 Of those 65,317 cases, there were 61 deaths. 

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Paragraph 7 

 Onesimus (late 1600s–1700s) was an African-born man held as a slave by Puritan minister Cotton Mather, who helped mitigate the impact of a smallpox outbreak in Boston by introducing Mather to the principle of inoculation.
 In a 2016 "Boston Magazine" survey, he was declared one of the "Best Bostonians of All Time". 

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Answer: Cotton Mather