title: Darwin (programming game)
Martin Richards (computer scientist)
SystemVerilog DPI
Ken Thompson
Dennis Ritchie
Objective-C
Embedded C
Cg (programming language)
The C Programming Language
BCPL
sentences: Darwin was a programming game invented in August 1961 by Victor A. Vyssotsky, Robert Morris Sr., and M. Douglas McIlroy.
 (Dennis Ritchie is sometimes incorrectly cited as a co-author, but was not involved.)
 The game was developed at Bell Labs, and played on an IBM 7090 mainframe there.
 The game was only played for a few weeks before Morris developed an "ultimate" program that eventually brought the game to an end, as no-one managed to produce anything that could defeat it.
Martin Richards (born 21 July 1940) is a British computer scientist known for his development of the BCPL programming language which is both part of early research into portable software, and the ancestor of the B programming language invented by Ken Thompson in early versions of Unix and which Dennis Ritchie in turn used as the basis of his widely used C programming language.
SystemVerilog DPI (Direct Programming Interface) is an interface which can be used to interface SystemVerilog with foreign languages.
 These Foreign languages can be C, C++, SystemC as well as others.
 DPIs consist of two layers: A SystemVerilog Layer and a Foreign language layer.
 Both the layers are isolated from each other.
 Which programming language is actually used as the foreign language is transparent and irrelevant for the System-Verilog side of this interface.
 Neither the SystemVerilog compiler nor the foreign language compiler is required to analyze the source code in the other’s language.
 Different programming languages can be used and supported with the same intact SystemVerilog layer.
 For now, however, SystemVerilog defines a foreign language layer only for the C programming language.
Kenneth Lane "Ken" Thompson (born February 4, 1943), commonly referred to as ken in hacker circles, is an American pioneer of computer science.
 Having worked at Bell Labs for most of his career, Thompson designed and implemented the original Unix operating system.
 He also invented the B programming language, the direct predecessor to the C programming language, and was one of the creators and early developers of the Plan 9 operating systems.
 Since 2006, Thompson has worked at Google, where he co-invented the Go programming language.
Dennis MacAlistair Ritchie (September 9, 1941 – October 12, 2011) was an American computer scientist.
 He created the C programming language and, with long-time colleague Ken Thompson, the Unix operating system.
 Ritchie and Thompson were awarded the Turing Award from the ACM in 1983, the Hamming Medal from the IEEE in 1990 and the National Medal of Technology from President Bill Clinton in 1999.
 Ritchie was the head of Lucent Technologies System Software Research Department when he retired in 2007.
 He was the "R" in K&R C, and commonly known by his username dmr.
Objective-C is a general-purpose, object-oriented programming language that adds Smalltalk-style messaging to the C programming language.
 It was the main programming language used by Apple for the OS X and iOS operating systems, and their respective application programming interfaces (APIs) Cocoa and Cocoa Touch prior to the introduction of Swift.
Embedded C is a set of language extensions for the C programming language by the C Standards Committee to address commonality issues that exist between C extensions for different embedded systems. Historically, embedded C programming requires nonstandard extensions to the C language in order to support exotic features such as fixed-point arithmetic, multiple distinct memory banks, and basic I/O operations.
Cg (short for C for Graphics) is a high-level shading language developed by Nvidia in close collaboration with Microsoft for programming vertex and pixel shaders.
 Cg is based on the C programming language and although they share the same syntax, some features of C were modified and new data types were added to make Cg more suitable for programming graphics processing units.
 This language is only suitable for GPU programming and is not a general programming language.
 The Cg compiler outputs DirectX or OpenGL shader programs.
 Since 2012, Cg was deprecated, with no additional development or support available.
The C Programming Language (sometimes termed K&R, after its authors' initials) is a computer programming book written by Brian Kernighan and Dennis Ritchie, the latter of whom originally designed and implemented the language, as well as co-designed the Unix operating system with which development of the language was closely intertwined.
 The book was central to the development and popularization of the C programming language and is still widely read and used today.
 Because the book was co-authored by the original language designer, and because the first edition of the book served for many years as the "de facto" standard for the language, the book was regarded by many to be the authoritative reference on C.
BCPL ("Basic Combined Programming Language"; or 'Before C Programming Language' (common humorous backronym) ) is a procedural, imperative, and structured computer programming language.
 Originally intended for writing compilers for other languages, BCPL is no longer in common use.
 However, its influence is still felt because a stripped down and syntactically changed version of BCPL, called B, was the language on which the C programming language was based.
 BCPL introduced several features of modern programming languages, including curley braces notation for code blocks; compilation via virtual machine byte code; and the world's first 'hello world' demonstrator program.

Question: Question: Who developed the game with whom the man who created the C programming language was incorrectly cited as a co-author? 

 Your answer will be verified with exact match score. To ensure correct verification, only provide the answer within the <answer> </answer> tags. Do not put any sentences or reasoning process within the <answer> </answer> tags. 

Supporting Information: Paragraph 0 

 Darwin was a programming game invented in August 1961 by Victor A. Vyssotsky, Robert Morris Sr., and M. Douglas McIlroy.
 (Dennis Ritchie is sometimes incorrectly cited as a co-author, but was not involved.)
 The game was developed at Bell Labs, and played on an IBM 7090 mainframe there.
 The game was only played for a few weeks before Morris developed an "ultimate" program that eventually brought the game to an end, as no-one managed to produce anything that could defeat it. 

--------------------------------

Paragraph 1 

 SystemVerilog DPI (Direct Programming Interface) is an interface which can be used to interface SystemVerilog with foreign languages.
 These Foreign languages can be C, C++, SystemC as well as others.
 DPIs consist of two layers: A SystemVerilog Layer and a Foreign language layer.
 Both the layers are isolated from each other.
 Which programming language is actually used as the foreign language is transparent and irrelevant for the System-Verilog side of this interface.
 Neither the SystemVerilog compiler nor the foreign language compiler is required to analyze the source code in the other’s language.
 Different programming languages can be used and supported with the same intact SystemVerilog layer.
 For now, however, SystemVerilog defines a foreign language layer only for the C programming language. 

--------------------------------

Paragraph 2 

 Kenneth Lane "Ken" Thompson (born February 4, 1943), commonly referred to as ken in hacker circles, is an American pioneer of computer science.
 Having worked at Bell Labs for most of his career, Thompson designed and implemented the original Unix operating system.
 He also invented the B programming language, the direct predecessor to the C programming language, and was one of the creators and early developers of the Plan 9 operating systems.
 Since 2006, Thompson has worked at Google, where he co-invented the Go programming language. 

--------------------------------

Paragraph 3 

 Dennis MacAlistair Ritchie (September 9, 1941 – October 12, 2011) was an American computer scientist.
 He created the C programming language and, with long-time colleague Ken Thompson, the Unix operating system.
 Ritchie and Thompson were awarded the Turing Award from the ACM in 1983, the Hamming Medal from the IEEE in 1990 and the National Medal of Technology from President Bill Clinton in 1999.
 Ritchie was the head of Lucent Technologies System Software Research Department when he retired in 2007.
 He was the "R" in K&R C, and commonly known by his username dmr. 

--------------------------------

Paragraph 4 

 Objective-C is a general-purpose, object-oriented programming language that adds Smalltalk-style messaging to the C programming language.
 It was the main programming language used by Apple for the OS X and iOS operating systems, and their respective application programming interfaces (APIs) Cocoa and Cocoa Touch prior to the introduction of Swift. 

--------------------------------

Paragraph 5 

 Embedded C is a set of language extensions for the C programming language by the C Standards Committee to address commonality issues that exist between C extensions for different embedded systems. Historically, embedded C programming requires nonstandard extensions to the C language in order to support exotic features such as fixed-point arithmetic, multiple distinct memory banks, and basic I/O operations. 

--------------------------------

Paragraph 6 

 Cg (short for C for Graphics) is a high-level shading language developed by Nvidia in close collaboration with Microsoft for programming vertex and pixel shaders.
 Cg is based on the C programming language and although they share the same syntax, some features of C were modified and new data types were added to make Cg more suitable for programming graphics processing units.
 This language is only suitable for GPU programming and is not a general programming language.
 The Cg compiler outputs DirectX or OpenGL shader programs.
 Since 2012, Cg was deprecated, with no additional development or support available. 

--------------------------------

Paragraph 7 

 BCPL ("Basic Combined Programming Language"; or 'Before C Programming Language' (common humorous backronym) ) is a procedural, imperative, and structured computer programming language.
 Originally intended for writing compilers for other languages, BCPL is no longer in common use.
 However, its influence is still felt because a stripped down and syntactically changed version of BCPL, called B, was the language on which the C programming language was based.
 BCPL introduced several features of modern programming languages, including curley braces notation for code blocks; compilation via virtual machine byte code; and the world's first 'hello world' demonstrator program. 

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Answer: Bell Labs