title: Horror vacui (disambiguation)
I Was Totally Destroying It
War Resisters League Peace Award
Hero of Alexandria
Horror Vacui (album)
Roshdi Rashed
Nature Bears a Vacuum
The Beginnings of Western Science
Horror vacui
Horror vacui (physics)
sentences: Horror vacui is a concept in art and is approximately translated from Latin to "fear of empty spaces".
 It can also refer to:
I Was Totally Destroying It is a five-piece powerpop band from Chapel Hill, North Carolina, featuring current and former members of Saddle Creek band Sorry About Dresden.
 After self-releasing and touring the country behind their first full-length album, the band signed with Portland-based indie label Greyday Records.
 Since forming in 2007, the band has toured much of the country, playing with artists such as Conor Oberst and the Mystic Valley Band, Motion City Soundtrack, Cursive, Superchunk, Portastatic, Ryan Ferguson (formerly of No Knife), Dear and the Headlights, Margot & the Nuclear So and So's, Snowden, Billy Bragg, Annuals, Joan Jett, The Actual, Ozma, Polvo, Birds of Avalon and Blankface.
 Their next full-length, Horror Vacui, was released by Greyday in October 2009, and was co-produced by Josh Cain of Motion City Soundtrack.
Since 1958, the "War Resisters League", the pacifist group founded in 1923, has awarded almost annually its War Resisters League Peace Award to a person or organization whose work represents the League's radical nonviolent program of Gandhian action.
Hero of Alexandria ( ; Greek: Ἥρων ὁ Ἀλεξανδρεύς , "Heron ho Alexandreus"; also known as Heron of Alexandria ; c. 10 AD – c. 70 AD) was a mathematician and engineer who was active in his native city of Alexandria, Roman Egypt.
 He is considered the greatest experimenter of antiquity and his work is representative of the Hellenistic scientific tradition.
Horror Vacui is the sixth studio album from the Italian nu metal band, Linea 77.
 It was released on February 8, 2008.
Roshdi Rashed (Arabic: رشدي راشد), born in Cairo in 1936, is a mathematician, philosopher and historian of science, whose work focuses largely on mathematics and physics of medieval Arab world.
 His work explores and illuminates the unrecognized Arab scientific tradition, being one of the first historians to study in detail the ancient and medieval texts, their journey through the Eastern schools and courses, their immense contributions to Western science, particularly in regarding the development of algebra and the first formalization of physics.
Nature Bears a Vacuum is a 7" EP released by indie rock band The Shins.
 The EP was released on the Omnibus Records label in 1998.
 According to one reviewer, the EP is meant to be played at a different speed (33 rpm and 45 rpm) on each side.
 The title is a reversal of the phrase "Nature abhors a vacuum".
The Beginnings of Western Science, subtitled "The European Scientific Tradition in Philosophical, Religious, and Institutional Context, 600 B.C. to A.D. 1450" (1992 edition) or "The European Scientific Tradition in Philosophical, Religious, and Institutional Context, Prehistory to A.D. 1450" (2007 edition), is an introductory book on the history of science by David C. Lindberg.
 The book focuses on what is called Western science, prominently covering Greek, Roman, Islamic and Mediaeval European science, while the 2007 second edition expands on precursors to Greek science, such as Mesopotamian and Egyptian science, and on Islamic science.
 "Western science" is defined as scientific enquiry done in Greek, Latin or Arabic according to reviewer William A. Wallace.
In visual art, horror vacui ( ; from Latin "fear of empty space"), also kenophobia, from Greek "fear of the empty"), is the filling of the entire surface of a space or an artwork with detail.
In physics, horror vacui, or plenism, is commonly stated as "Nature abhors a vacuum."
 It is a postulate attributed to Aristotle, who articulated a belief, later criticized by the atomism of Epicurus and Lucretius, that nature contains no vacuums because the denser surrounding material continuum would immediately fill the rarity of an incipient void.
 He also argued against the void in a more abstract sense (as "separable"), for example, that by definition a void, itself, is nothing, and following Plato, nothing cannot rightly be said to exist.
 Furthermore, in so far as it would be featureless, it could neither be encountered by the senses, nor could its supposition lend additional explanatory power.
 Hero of Alexandria challenged the theory in the first century CE, but his attempts to create an artificial vacuum failed.
 The theory was debated in the context of 17th-century fluid mechanics, by Thomas Hobbes and Robert Boyle, among others, and through the early 18th century by Sir Isaac Newton and Gottfried Leibniz.

Question: Question: "Nature abhors a vacuum" or Horror vacui was challenged by this mathematician and engineer from Alexandria whose work represents what type of scientific tradition? 

 Your answer will be verified with exact match score. To ensure correct verification, only provide the answer within the <answer> </answer> tags. Do not put any sentences or reasoning process within the <answer> </answer> tags. 

Supporting Information: Paragraph 0 

 Horror vacui is a concept in art and is approximately translated from Latin to "fear of empty spaces".
 It can also refer to: 

--------------------------------

Paragraph 1 

 I Was Totally Destroying It is a five-piece powerpop band from Chapel Hill, North Carolina, featuring current and former members of Saddle Creek band Sorry About Dresden.
 After self-releasing and touring the country behind their first full-length album, the band signed with Portland-based indie label Greyday Records.
 Since forming in 2007, the band has toured much of the country, playing with artists such as Conor Oberst and the Mystic Valley Band, Motion City Soundtrack, Cursive, Superchunk, Portastatic, Ryan Ferguson (formerly of No Knife), Dear and the Headlights, Margot & the Nuclear So and So's, Snowden, Billy Bragg, Annuals, Joan Jett, The Actual, Ozma, Polvo, Birds of Avalon and Blankface.
 Their next full-length, Horror Vacui, was released by Greyday in October 2009, and was co-produced by Josh Cain of Motion City Soundtrack. 

--------------------------------

Paragraph 2 

 Since 1958, the "War Resisters League", the pacifist group founded in 1923, has awarded almost annually its War Resisters League Peace Award to a person or organization whose work represents the League's radical nonviolent program of Gandhian action. 

--------------------------------

Paragraph 3 

 Hero of Alexandria ( ; Greek: Ἥρων ὁ Ἀλεξανδρεύς , "Heron ho Alexandreus"; also known as Heron of Alexandria ; c. 10 AD – c. 70 AD) was a mathematician and engineer who was active in his native city of Alexandria, Roman Egypt.
 He is considered the greatest experimenter of antiquity and his work is representative of the Hellenistic scientific tradition. 

--------------------------------

Paragraph 4 

 Roshdi Rashed (Arabic: رشدي راشد), born in Cairo in 1936, is a mathematician, philosopher and historian of science, whose work focuses largely on mathematics and physics of medieval Arab world.
 His work explores and illuminates the unrecognized Arab scientific tradition, being one of the first historians to study in detail the ancient and medieval texts, their journey through the Eastern schools and courses, their immense contributions to Western science, particularly in regarding the development of algebra and the first formalization of physics. 

--------------------------------

Paragraph 5 

 The Beginnings of Western Science, subtitled "The European Scientific Tradition in Philosophical, Religious, and Institutional Context, 600 B.C. to A.D. 1450" (1992 edition) or "The European Scientific Tradition in Philosophical, Religious, and Institutional Context, Prehistory to A.D. 1450" (2007 edition), is an introductory book on the history of science by David C. Lindberg.
 The book focuses on what is called Western science, prominently covering Greek, Roman, Islamic and Mediaeval European science, while the 2007 second edition expands on precursors to Greek science, such as Mesopotamian and Egyptian science, and on Islamic science.
 "Western science" is defined as scientific enquiry done in Greek, Latin or Arabic according to reviewer William A. Wallace. 

--------------------------------

Paragraph 6 

 In visual art, horror vacui ( ; from Latin "fear of empty space"), also kenophobia, from Greek "fear of the empty"), is the filling of the entire surface of a space or an artwork with detail. 

--------------------------------

Paragraph 7 

 In physics, horror vacui, or plenism, is commonly stated as "Nature abhors a vacuum."
 It is a postulate attributed to Aristotle, who articulated a belief, later criticized by the atomism of Epicurus and Lucretius, that nature contains no vacuums because the denser surrounding material continuum would immediately fill the rarity of an incipient void.
 He also argued against the void in a more abstract sense (as "separable"), for example, that by definition a void, itself, is nothing, and following Plato, nothing cannot rightly be said to exist.
 Furthermore, in so far as it would be featureless, it could neither be encountered by the senses, nor could its supposition lend additional explanatory power.
 Hero of Alexandria challenged the theory in the first century CE, but his attempts to create an artificial vacuum failed.
 The theory was debated in the context of 17th-century fluid mechanics, by Thomas Hobbes and Robert Boyle, among others, and through the early 18th century by Sir Isaac Newton and Gottfried Leibniz. 

--------------------------------

 


Answer: Hellenistic scientific tradition