title: Cruel Passion
Jeanne Camus de Pontcarré
François Hector d'Albert de Rions
Honors and memorials to the Marquis de Lafayette
The Little Prince
Libertine novel
Charles Jean d'Hector
Marquis de Sade
Gilbert du Motier, Marquis de Lafayette
Marquis de Sade bibliography
sentences: Cruel Passion (also known as "Justine") is a 1977 film starring Koo Stark, Martin Potter, Lydia Lisle, and Katherine Kath.
 It was directed by Chris Boger and based on the novel "Justine" by the Marquis de Sade.
Jeanne Camus de Pontcarré, marquise d’Urfé (1705-1775), was a French aristocrat and eccentric widow, with a passion for the occult and alchemy.
 Rich and gullible, she is better known under the name Madame d’Urfé from the biographies of several adventures of the 18th century such as Cagliostro and Casanova.
François Hector d’Albert, comte de Rioms or Rions (19 February 1728, Avignon - 2 October 1802, Saint-Auban-sur-l'Ouvèze) was a French aristocrat and naval officer.
 One of the main French naval commanders during the American Revolutionary War, his final rank was contre-amiral, which he held from 1 January 1792.
 He was second-in-command of the French émigré naval forces under Charles Jean d'Hector.
Gilbert du Motier, Marquis de Lafayette (1757–1834), a French aristocrat and Revolutionary War hero, was widely commemorated in the U.S. and elsewhere.
 Below is a list of the many homages and/or tributes named in his honor:
The Little Prince (French: "Le Petit Prince"; ] ), first published in 1943, is a novella, the most famous work of French aristocrat, writer, poet, and pioneering aviator Antoine de Saint-Exupéry.
The libertine novel was an 18th-century literary genre of which the roots lay in the European but mainly French libertine tradition.
 The genre effectively ended with the French Revolution.
 Themes of libertine novels were anti-clericalism, anti-establishment and eroticism.
Charles Jean d'Hector, comte d'Hector (22 July 1722, Fontenay-le-Comte, France - 18 August 1808, Reading, Berkshire, United Kingdom) was a French aristocrat and naval officer.
 Losing his father at a young age, he soon entered the French Navy, starting his service during the Seven Years' War, notably at the battle of Quiberon Bay.
 Following that battle he and the chevalier de Ternay saved part of the French fleet which had taken refuge in the Vilaine estaury.
 He was promoted to capitaine de vaisseau then squadron commander at the start of the American Revolutionary War.
 Put in command of Brest and its naval force, he assisted the Naval Minister maréchal de Castries in his plans to reform the fleet.
 He was visited at Brest by the future Tsar Nicholas I and his family and at Cherbourg on an inspection by Louis XVI of France.
Donatien Alphonse François, Marquis de Sade (2 June 1740 – 2 December 1814) (] ), was a French aristocrat, revolutionary politician, philosopher, and writer, famous for his libertine sexuality.
 His works include novels, short stories, plays, dialogues, and political tracts; in his lifetime some were published under his own name, while others appeared anonymously, of which Sade denied being their author.
 Sade is best known for his erotic works, which combined philosophical discourse with pornography, depicting sexual fantasies with an emphasis on violence, criminality, and blasphemy against Christianity.
 He was a proponent of extreme freedom, unrestrained by morality, religion, or law.
 The words "sadism" and "sadist" are derived from his name.
Marie-Joseph Paul Yves Roch Gilbert du Motier, Marquis de Lafayette (] ; 6 September 1757 – 20 May 1834), in the United States often known simply as Lafayette, was a French aristocrat and military officer who fought in the American Revolutionary War.
 A close friend of George Washington, Alexander Hamilton, and Thomas Jefferson, Lafayette was a key figure in the French Revolution of 1789 and the July Revolution of 1830.
Donatien Alphonse François de Sade, best known as the Marquis de Sade, was a French aristocrat, revolutionary and author of philosophical and sadomasochistic novels exploring such controversial subjects as rape, bestiality and necrophilia.
 His works evidence a philosophical mind advocating a materialist philosophy in which Nature dictates absolute freedom, unrestrained by morality, religion or law, with the pursuit of personal pleasure as its foremost principle.
 Besides novels, he wrote philosophical tracts, novellas, short tales, and a number of plays (many of which no longer extant).
 Publication, dissemination, and translation of his works have long been hindered by censorship: not until 1983 were his works allowed unfettered distribution in the UK, for instance.

Question: Question:  Cruel Passion was based on the novel "Justine" by which French aristocrat, revolutionary politician, philosopher, and writer, famous for his libertine sexuality? 

 Your answer will be verified with exact match score. To ensure correct verification, only provide the answer within the <answer> </answer> tags. Do not put any sentences or reasoning process within the <answer> </answer> tags. 

Supporting Information: Paragraph 0 

 Cruel Passion (also known as "Justine") is a 1977 film starring Koo Stark, Martin Potter, Lydia Lisle, and Katherine Kath.
 It was directed by Chris Boger and based on the novel "Justine" by the Marquis de Sade. 

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Paragraph 1 

 Jeanne Camus de Pontcarré, marquise d’Urfé (1705-1775), was a French aristocrat and eccentric widow, with a passion for the occult and alchemy.
 Rich and gullible, she is better known under the name Madame d’Urfé from the biographies of several adventures of the 18th century such as Cagliostro and Casanova. 

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Paragraph 2 

 Gilbert du Motier, Marquis de Lafayette (1757–1834), a French aristocrat and Revolutionary War hero, was widely commemorated in the U.S. and elsewhere.
 Below is a list of the many homages and/or tributes named in his honor: 

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Paragraph 3 

 The Little Prince (French: "Le Petit Prince"; ] ), first published in 1943, is a novella, the most famous work of French aristocrat, writer, poet, and pioneering aviator Antoine de Saint-Exupéry. 

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Paragraph 4 

 Charles Jean d'Hector, comte d'Hector (22 July 1722, Fontenay-le-Comte, France - 18 August 1808, Reading, Berkshire, United Kingdom) was a French aristocrat and naval officer.
 Losing his father at a young age, he soon entered the French Navy, starting his service during the Seven Years' War, notably at the battle of Quiberon Bay.
 Following that battle he and the chevalier de Ternay saved part of the French fleet which had taken refuge in the Vilaine estaury.
 He was promoted to capitaine de vaisseau then squadron commander at the start of the American Revolutionary War.
 Put in command of Brest and its naval force, he assisted the Naval Minister maréchal de Castries in his plans to reform the fleet.
 He was visited at Brest by the future Tsar Nicholas I and his family and at Cherbourg on an inspection by Louis XVI of France. 

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Paragraph 5 

 Donatien Alphonse François, Marquis de Sade (2 June 1740 – 2 December 1814) (] ), was a French aristocrat, revolutionary politician, philosopher, and writer, famous for his libertine sexuality.
 His works include novels, short stories, plays, dialogues, and political tracts; in his lifetime some were published under his own name, while others appeared anonymously, of which Sade denied being their author.
 Sade is best known for his erotic works, which combined philosophical discourse with pornography, depicting sexual fantasies with an emphasis on violence, criminality, and blasphemy against Christianity.
 He was a proponent of extreme freedom, unrestrained by morality, religion, or law.
 The words "sadism" and "sadist" are derived from his name. 

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Paragraph 6 

 Marie-Joseph Paul Yves Roch Gilbert du Motier, Marquis de Lafayette (] ; 6 September 1757 – 20 May 1834), in the United States often known simply as Lafayette, was a French aristocrat and military officer who fought in the American Revolutionary War.
 A close friend of George Washington, Alexander Hamilton, and Thomas Jefferson, Lafayette was a key figure in the French Revolution of 1789 and the July Revolution of 1830. 

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Paragraph 7 

 Donatien Alphonse François de Sade, best known as the Marquis de Sade, was a French aristocrat, revolutionary and author of philosophical and sadomasochistic novels exploring such controversial subjects as rape, bestiality and necrophilia.
 His works evidence a philosophical mind advocating a materialist philosophy in which Nature dictates absolute freedom, unrestrained by morality, religion or law, with the pursuit of personal pleasure as its foremost principle.
 Besides novels, he wrote philosophical tracts, novellas, short tales, and a number of plays (many of which no longer extant).
 Publication, dissemination, and translation of his works have long been hindered by censorship: not until 1983 were his works allowed unfettered distribution in the UK, for instance. 

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Answer: Marquis de Sade