title: Ürün
The Labour Pioneer
The Nationalist (United States)
Monthly Review
The Masses
Thornburgh Memo
The Liberator (magazine)
International Parental Kidnapping Crime Act
Socialist Standard
Jurijus Kadamovas and Iouri Mikhel
sentences: The first issue of Ürün Socialist Magazine was published in July 1974.
 This magazine became the voice of the Atılım Period of the TKP Communist Party of Turkey in the political area.
 The founder owner of the magazine was Ural Ateşer, the editor of the magazine was Nuri Samyeli.
 By the sixth issue, Selçuk Uzun became the editor of the magazine, starting from the fortieth issue which was published in October 1977 till the last 55th issue which was published in January 1979 Ahmet Taştan became the editor of the magazine.
 Ahmet Taştan was judged because of publishing the TKP program in the Ürün Socialist Magazine, and the magazine was deactivated.
 The founder of the magazine Ural Ateşer is now a journailst in Germany.
 And Ahmet Taştan is a political immigrant in Sweden.
The Labour Pioneer was a monthly socialist periodical issued from Cardiff, Wales between February 1900 and November 1902.
 It was an organ of the Cardiff Socialist Party and the Cardiff Trades Council.
 It carried the by-line 'Organ of the Cardiff Socialist Party'.
 The Cardiff Socialist Party had been formed in 1900 by the fusion of the local Cardiff branches of the Independent Labour Party and the Social Democratic Federation.
 The editorial board of "The Labour Pioneer" contained various representatives of local trade councils and trades unions.
 However whilst officially being a publication of the local Labour Representation Committee, "The Labour Pioneer" functioned as an unofficial Independent Labour Party organ.
The Nationalist was an American socialist magazine established in Boston, Massachusetts in May 1889 by adherents of the utopian ideas of writer Edward Bellamy in his 1888 book, Looking Backward.
 Published by a "Nationalist Educational Association" closely associated with Nationalist Club No. 1 of Boston, the magazine served as the national organ of the Bellamyite movement in the United States until being supplanted by the weekly newspaper "The New Nation" in 1891.
The Monthly Review, established in 1949, is an independent socialist magazine published monthly in New York City.
 The publication remains the longest continuously published socialist magazine in the United States.
 The journal has an impact factor of 0.460.
The Masses was a graphically innovative magazine of socialist politics published monthly in the United States from 1911 until 1917, when federal prosecutors brought charges against its editors for conspiring to obstruct conscription.
 It was succeeded by "The Liberator" and then later "The New Masses".
 It published reportage, fiction, poetry and art by the leading radicals of the time such as Max Eastman, John Reed, Dorothy Day, and Floyd Dell.
The Thornburgh Memo was a U.S. Department of Justice memorandum prepared by then Attorney General Richard Thornburgh, on June 8, 1989.
 The memo declared that state ethics rules were not binding upon federal prosecutors.
 It asserted that any compliance with state ethical rules by federal prosecutors conducting government investigations was strictly voluntary.
The Liberator was a monthly socialist magazine established by Max Eastman and his sister Crystal Eastman in 1918 to continue the work of "The Masses," which was shut down by the wartime mailing regulations of the U.S. government.
 Intensely political, the magazine included copious quantities of art, poetry, and fiction along with political reporting and commentary.
 The publication was an organ of the Communist Party of America from late 1922 and was merged with two other publications to form "The Workers Monthly" in 1924.
The International Parental Kidnapping Crime Act 1993 (IPKCA) is a United States federal law.
 H.R. 3378, approved December 2, was assigned Public Law No. 103-173 and signed as Public Law 103-322 by President Bill Clinton on September 2, 1993.
 This law makes it a federal crime to remove a child from the United States or retain a child outside the United States with the intent to obstruct a parent's custodial rights, or to attempt to do so (See 18 U.S.C. § 1204.)
 This crime is punishable by up to three years in prison.
 The law provides an affirmative defense where the abducting parent acted pursuant to a valid court order obtained under the Uniform Child Custody Jurisdiction And Enforcement Act, or where the abducting parent was fleeing domestic violence, or where the failure to return the child resulted from circumstances beyond the taking parent's control and the taking parent made reasonable efforts to notify the left behind parent within 24 hours and returned the child as soon as possible.
 Since its enactment, the law has only been used in a very small minority of international child abduction cases prompting parents of internationally abducted children to claim an abuse of or prosecutorial discretion on the part of federal prosecutors.
Socialist Standard is a monthly socialist magazine published without interruption since September 1904 by the Socialist Party of Great Britain.
 The magazine is written in a simple, direct style and focuses mainly on socialist advocacy and Marxian analysis of current events, particularly those affecting the United Kingdom.
Jurijus Kadamovas (born 1966) and Iouri Mikhel (born 1965) are two Russian immigrants to the United States currently on Federal death row for 5 kidnapping for ransom-related murders.
 The kidnappings occurred over a four-month period beginning in late 2001, in which the kidnappers demanded ransom.
 Documents related to the case allege the crew demanded a total of more than $5.5 million from relatives and associates, and received more than $1 million from victim's relatives.
 Prosecutors said the victims were killed regardless of whether the ransoms were paid.
 The bodies were tied with weights, and dumped in a reservoir near Yosemite National Park.
 Federal prosecutors sought the death penalty under murder during a hostage-taking, (18 U.S.C. 1203), a federal crime.

Question: Question:  The Liberator was a monthly socialist magazine established to continue the work of a magazine that federal prosecutors brought charges against its editors for conspiring to obstruct what? 

 Your answer will be verified with exact match score. To ensure correct verification, only provide the answer within the <answer> </answer> tags. Do not put any sentences or reasoning process within the <answer> </answer> tags. 

Supporting Information: Paragraph 0 

 The Labour Pioneer was a monthly socialist periodical issued from Cardiff, Wales between February 1900 and November 1902.
 It was an organ of the Cardiff Socialist Party and the Cardiff Trades Council.
 It carried the by-line 'Organ of the Cardiff Socialist Party'.
 The Cardiff Socialist Party had been formed in 1900 by the fusion of the local Cardiff branches of the Independent Labour Party and the Social Democratic Federation.
 The editorial board of "The Labour Pioneer" contained various representatives of local trade councils and trades unions.
 However whilst officially being a publication of the local Labour Representation Committee, "The Labour Pioneer" functioned as an unofficial Independent Labour Party organ. 

--------------------------------

Paragraph 1 

 The Nationalist was an American socialist magazine established in Boston, Massachusetts in May 1889 by adherents of the utopian ideas of writer Edward Bellamy in his 1888 book, Looking Backward.
 Published by a "Nationalist Educational Association" closely associated with Nationalist Club No. 1 of Boston, the magazine served as the national organ of the Bellamyite movement in the United States until being supplanted by the weekly newspaper "The New Nation" in 1891. 

--------------------------------

Paragraph 2 

 The Monthly Review, established in 1949, is an independent socialist magazine published monthly in New York City.
 The publication remains the longest continuously published socialist magazine in the United States.
 The journal has an impact factor of 0.460. 

--------------------------------

Paragraph 3 

 The Masses was a graphically innovative magazine of socialist politics published monthly in the United States from 1911 until 1917, when federal prosecutors brought charges against its editors for conspiring to obstruct conscription.
 It was succeeded by "The Liberator" and then later "The New Masses".
 It published reportage, fiction, poetry and art by the leading radicals of the time such as Max Eastman, John Reed, Dorothy Day, and Floyd Dell. 

--------------------------------

Paragraph 4 

 The Liberator was a monthly socialist magazine established by Max Eastman and his sister Crystal Eastman in 1918 to continue the work of "The Masses," which was shut down by the wartime mailing regulations of the U.S. government.
 Intensely political, the magazine included copious quantities of art, poetry, and fiction along with political reporting and commentary.
 The publication was an organ of the Communist Party of America from late 1922 and was merged with two other publications to form "The Workers Monthly" in 1924. 

--------------------------------

Paragraph 5 

 The International Parental Kidnapping Crime Act 1993 (IPKCA) is a United States federal law.
 H.R. 3378, approved December 2, was assigned Public Law No. 103-173 and signed as Public Law 103-322 by President Bill Clinton on September 2, 1993.
 This law makes it a federal crime to remove a child from the United States or retain a child outside the United States with the intent to obstruct a parent's custodial rights, or to attempt to do so (See 18 U.S.C. § 1204.)
 This crime is punishable by up to three years in prison.
 The law provides an affirmative defense where the abducting parent acted pursuant to a valid court order obtained under the Uniform Child Custody Jurisdiction And Enforcement Act, or where the abducting parent was fleeing domestic violence, or where the failure to return the child resulted from circumstances beyond the taking parent's control and the taking parent made reasonable efforts to notify the left behind parent within 24 hours and returned the child as soon as possible.
 Since its enactment, the law has only been used in a very small minority of international child abduction cases prompting parents of internationally abducted children to claim an abuse of or prosecutorial discretion on the part of federal prosecutors. 

--------------------------------

Paragraph 6 

 Socialist Standard is a monthly socialist magazine published without interruption since September 1904 by the Socialist Party of Great Britain.
 The magazine is written in a simple, direct style and focuses mainly on socialist advocacy and Marxian analysis of current events, particularly those affecting the United Kingdom. 

--------------------------------

Paragraph 7 

 Jurijus Kadamovas (born 1966) and Iouri Mikhel (born 1965) are two Russian immigrants to the United States currently on Federal death row for 5 kidnapping for ransom-related murders.
 The kidnappings occurred over a four-month period beginning in late 2001, in which the kidnappers demanded ransom.
 Documents related to the case allege the crew demanded a total of more than $5.5 million from relatives and associates, and received more than $1 million from victim's relatives.
 Prosecutors said the victims were killed regardless of whether the ransoms were paid.
 The bodies were tied with weights, and dumped in a reservoir near Yosemite National Park.
 Federal prosecutors sought the death penalty under murder during a hostage-taking, (18 U.S.C. 1203), a federal crime. 

--------------------------------

 


Answer: conscription