title: Paul Newman (linguist)
Bure language
West Chadic languages
Hausa language
Gwandara language
Bade language
Hausa–Fulani
Jara language
Hina language
Chadic languages
sentences: Paul Newman (born 1937) is an American linguist of great influence in the study of African languages.
 He is the world’s leading authority on the Hausa language of Nigeria and on the Chadic language family.
 His best-known works are the "Modern Hausa-English Dictionary" (1977), co-authored with his wife, Roxana Ma Newman, and "The Hausa Language: An Encyclopedic Reference Grammar" (2000).
 He is the founder of the "Journal of African Languages and Linguistics", the leading journal in the field of African-language studies.
Bure, also known as Bubbure, is an Afro-Asiatic language belonging to the Bole-Tangale group of the West branch of the Chadic family.
 It is spoken in northern Nigeria in the village of Bure (10°31’06.16”N, 10°20’03.00”E, Kirfi Local Government, Bauchi State, Nigeria) and in some small settlements nearby.
 The language is used mostly by a very few speakers, of great-grandparental generation.
 Except for Hausa, which is lingua franca in the area, Bure is surrounded by other Chadic languages such as Gera, Giiwo and Deno (Bole group).
The West Chadic languages of the Afro-Asiatic family are spoken principally in Niger and Nigeria.
 They include Hausa, the most populous Chadic language and a major language of West Africa.
Hausa ( ) ("Yaren Hausa" or "Harshen Hausa") is the Chadic language (a branch of the Afroasiatic language family) with the largest number of speakers, spoken as a first language by more than 70 million people, and as a second language by another 40 to 50 million or more.
 Originally the language of the Hausa people stretching across southern Niger and northern Nigeria, it has developed into a lingua franca across much of western Africa for purposes of trade.
 In the 20th and 21st centuries, it has become more commonly published in print and online.
Gwandara is a West Chadic language, and the closest relative of Hausa.
 Its several dialects are spoken in northern Nigeria, predominantly in the north central region of Nigeria with over 400,000 people.
 Gwandara are situated among these areas; Federal Capital Territory Abuja, Niger state,Nasarawa state, and some part of Kogi state.
 And with other dispatch communities across the northern part of Nigeria in area like Kano, Kaduna and katsina state.
 The incumbent governor of Nasarawa state Tanko Al-makura is the first gwandara person to become a governor in Nigeria.
Bade (also spelled Bede, Bedde, or Bode) is a West Chadic language spoken by the Bade people in Yobe State and Jigawa State, Nigeria.
 Their traditional ruler is the Emir of Bade.
 Similar to many other Western African languages, Bade is a vulnerable language at great risk of extinction.
 With 250,000 speakers, the language and the culture of the Bade people have suffered over the last several years.
 As the language continues to fade, the culture and historic value associated with the language perishes as well.
 The local dialect is shifting from Bade to Hausa.
 Across West Africa, the impact on local communities through the loss of the indigenous tongues will be significant.
 The endangerment of the Bade language represents the worldwide language diversity that is at risk.
 Many African languages have only received little linguistic attention, impacting these African languages.
Hausa–Fulani are collectively the Hausa and Fulani people of Africa.
 The two are grouped together because since the Fulani War their histories have been largely intertwined within Nigeria.
 For example, when the Fulani took over the Hausa city-state of Kano during the expansion of the Sokoto Caliphate, the new emirs at first spoke Fulfulde but eventually had shifted to Hausa instead.
Jara, also known as Jera, is a Nigerian language reported to be spoken by 46,000 people in 2000.
 It is spoken in Borno and Gombe States, in the Biu, Kwaya-Kusar, Akko, and Yamaltu-Deba LGAs.
 It is an Afro-Asiatic language, in the Biu–Mandara branch of Chadic family.
 Use of Jara is declining; it is being displaced by Fulfulde and Hausa.
The Mina language, also known by the names Hina and Besleri, is a Chadic language spoken in Northern Cameroon by 10,000 people.
 Speakers of Mina are generally bilingual, with Fulfulde (Fula) being the second language.
 Fulfulde is often joined by French as a third language in educated speakers.
The Chadic languages are a branch of the Afroasiatic language family that is spoken in parts of the Sahel.
 They include 150 languages spoken across northern Nigeria, southern Niger, southern Chad, Central African Republic and northern Cameroon.
 The most widely spoken Chadic language is Hausa, a lingua franca of much of inland West Africa.

Question: Question: Which of Hausa-Fulani's languages is the Chadic language with the largest number of speakers, Fulfulde or Hausa? 

 Your answer will be verified with exact match score. To ensure correct verification, only provide the answer within the <answer> </answer> tags. Do not put any sentences or reasoning process within the <answer> </answer> tags. 

Supporting Information: Paragraph 0 

 Paul Newman (born 1937) is an American linguist of great influence in the study of African languages.
 He is the world’s leading authority on the Hausa language of Nigeria and on the Chadic language family.
 His best-known works are the "Modern Hausa-English Dictionary" (1977), co-authored with his wife, Roxana Ma Newman, and "The Hausa Language: An Encyclopedic Reference Grammar" (2000).
 He is the founder of the "Journal of African Languages and Linguistics", the leading journal in the field of African-language studies. 

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Paragraph 1 

 Bure, also known as Bubbure, is an Afro-Asiatic language belonging to the Bole-Tangale group of the West branch of the Chadic family.
 It is spoken in northern Nigeria in the village of Bure (10°31’06.16”N, 10°20’03.00”E, Kirfi Local Government, Bauchi State, Nigeria) and in some small settlements nearby.
 The language is used mostly by a very few speakers, of great-grandparental generation.
 Except for Hausa, which is lingua franca in the area, Bure is surrounded by other Chadic languages such as Gera, Giiwo and Deno (Bole group). 

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Paragraph 2 

 The West Chadic languages of the Afro-Asiatic family are spoken principally in Niger and Nigeria.
 They include Hausa, the most populous Chadic language and a major language of West Africa. 

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Paragraph 3 

 Hausa ( ) ("Yaren Hausa" or "Harshen Hausa") is the Chadic language (a branch of the Afroasiatic language family) with the largest number of speakers, spoken as a first language by more than 70 million people, and as a second language by another 40 to 50 million or more.
 Originally the language of the Hausa people stretching across southern Niger and northern Nigeria, it has developed into a lingua franca across much of western Africa for purposes of trade.
 In the 20th and 21st centuries, it has become more commonly published in print and online. 

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Paragraph 4 

 Bade (also spelled Bede, Bedde, or Bode) is a West Chadic language spoken by the Bade people in Yobe State and Jigawa State, Nigeria.
 Their traditional ruler is the Emir of Bade.
 Similar to many other Western African languages, Bade is a vulnerable language at great risk of extinction.
 With 250,000 speakers, the language and the culture of the Bade people have suffered over the last several years.
 As the language continues to fade, the culture and historic value associated with the language perishes as well.
 The local dialect is shifting from Bade to Hausa.
 Across West Africa, the impact on local communities through the loss of the indigenous tongues will be significant.
 The endangerment of the Bade language represents the worldwide language diversity that is at risk.
 Many African languages have only received little linguistic attention, impacting these African languages. 

--------------------------------

Paragraph 5 

 Hausa–Fulani are collectively the Hausa and Fulani people of Africa.
 The two are grouped together because since the Fulani War their histories have been largely intertwined within Nigeria.
 For example, when the Fulani took over the Hausa city-state of Kano during the expansion of the Sokoto Caliphate, the new emirs at first spoke Fulfulde but eventually had shifted to Hausa instead. 

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Paragraph 6 

 The Mina language, also known by the names Hina and Besleri, is a Chadic language spoken in Northern Cameroon by 10,000 people.
 Speakers of Mina are generally bilingual, with Fulfulde (Fula) being the second language.
 Fulfulde is often joined by French as a third language in educated speakers. 

--------------------------------

Paragraph 7 

 The Chadic languages are a branch of the Afroasiatic language family that is spoken in parts of the Sahel.
 They include 150 languages spoken across northern Nigeria, southern Niger, southern Chad, Central African Republic and northern Cameroon.
 The most widely spoken Chadic language is Hausa, a lingua franca of much of inland West Africa. 

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Answer: Hausa