title: Alt-right
Inverse gambler's fallacy
Rob Goldstone
United States presidential election, 2016
Reliable Sources
Mike Cernovich
Veterans for Bernie Sanders
Lady Miss Kier
United States presidential election, 1964
2016 Minneapolis shooting
sentences: The alt-right, or alternative right, is a loosely defined group of people with far-right ideologies who reject mainstream conservatism in favor of white nationalism.
 White supremacist Richard Spencer initially promoted the term in 2010 in reference to a movement centered on white nationalism, and did so according to the "Associated Press" to disguise overt racism, white supremacism, neo-fascism, and neo-Nazism.
 The term drew considerable media attention and controversy during and after the 2016 US presidential election.
The inverse gambler's fallacy, named by philosopher Ian Hacking, is a formal fallacy of Bayesian inference which is an inverse of the better known gambler's fallacy.
 It is the fallacy of concluding, on the basis of an unlikely outcome of a random process, that the process is likely to have occurred many times before.
 For example, if one observes a pair of fair dice being rolled and turning up double sixes, it is wrong to suppose that this lends any support to the hypothesis that the dice have been rolled many times before.
 We can see this from the Bayesian update rule: letting "U" denote the unlikely outcome of the random process and "M" the proposition that the process has occurred many times before, we have
Robert Goldstone (born 3 December 1960) is an English publicist and former tabloid journalist, who gained international visibility through his activities in the 2016 US Presidential election.
The United States presidential election of 2016 was the 58th quadrennial American presidential election, held on Tuesday, November 8, 2016.
 In a surprise victory, the Republican ticket of businessman Donald Trump and Indiana Governor Mike Pence defeated the Democratic ticket of former First Lady, U.S. Senator of New York and Secretary of State Hillary Clinton and U.S. Senator from Virginia Tim Kaine.
 Trump took office as the 45th President, and Pence as the 48th Vice President, on January 20, 2017.
 Concurrent with the presidential election, Senate, House, and many gubernatorial and state and local elections were also held on November 8.
Reliable Sources is a Sunday morning talk show on the cable/satellite news network CNN that focuses on analysis of the American news media, currently hosted by Brian Stelter.
 The show is broadcast from 11:00 am to noon ET, from CNN's Time Warner Center studios in New York City.
 The show is also broadcast around the world by CNN International.
 It was initially created to cover the media's coverage of the Persian Gulf War, but has since also covered the media's coverage of the Valerie Plame affair, the Iraq War, the outing of Mark Felt as Deep Throat, and many other events and internal media stories.
 More recently, it has focused on coverage of the 2016 U.S. Presidential election, and the subsequent presidential transition and Presidency of Donald Trump, the fake news epidemic, as well as the alleged Russian interference in the 2016 US presidential election, among several other topics.
Mike Cernovich (born November 17, 1977) is an American alt-right social media personality, writer, and conspiracy theorist.
 He describes himself as "new right" and an "American nationalist".
 Cernovich's website "Danger & Play" started in 2012 and was originally known mainly for its content on men's empowerment.
 During the 2016 US presidential election campaign, it evolved into a largely pro-Donald Trump and anti-Hillary Clinton political blog.
Veterans for Bernie Sanders (also known as Vets for Bernie) was the first ever national grassroots association of military veterans to organize on behalf of a Presidential candidate, namely Bernie Sanders during the Bernie Sanders presidential campaign, 2016.
 Vets for Bernie, independent from the official campaign and largely organized via social media, grew to more than 50,000 military members, and over 100,000 followers on Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram.
 Founded by veterans of the Iraq war and Afghanistan war, Vets for Bernie became a key organizing force for progressives and military voters during the 2016 US Presidential campaign.
 With ranks of combat veterans, the group became widely known for its backing of the Vermont Senator who once protested against the Vietnam war.
Kierin Magenta Kirby (born August 15, 1963), better known as Lady Miss Kier, is an American singer, DJ and fashion icon.
 She is notable as having been the vocalist for the now defunct Deee-Lite.
 This was followed by a career as an international DJ and a songwriting solo career.
 She supported Green Party candidate Jill Stein in the 2016 US Presidential election.
The United States presidential election of 1964 was the 45th quadrennial presidential election.
 It was held on Tuesday, November 3, 1964.
 Democratic candidate and incumbent President Lyndon B. Johnson had come to office less than a year earlier following the assassination of his predecessor John F. Kennedy.
 Johnson, who had successfully associated himself with Kennedy’s popularity, won 61.1% of the popular vote, the highest win by a candidate since James Monroe’s re-election in 1820.
 It was the most lopsided US presidential election in terms of popular votes, and the tenth-most lopsided presidential election in the history of the United States in terms of electoral votes.
 No candidate for president since has equalled or surpassed Johnson’s percentage of the popular vote, and since 1820, only Abraham Lincoln in 1864, Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1936, Richard Nixon in 1972 and Ronald Reagan in 1980 and 1984 have won by a greater electoral vote margin.
The 2016 Minneapolis shooting took place on June 29, 2016 in Minneapolis, Minnesota when a man named Anthony Sawina shot at five Somali-Americans, wounding two of them.
 Witnesses later recounted that Sawina shouted anti-Muslim expletives and claimed he was "going to kill [them] all."
 The attack was condemned by civil rights groups as part of a larger rise of Islamophobia in the United States leading up the 2016 presidential election.

Question: Question: What triggered both the 2016 Minneapolis shooting and the unlikely outcome of the 2016 US presidential election? 

 Your answer will be verified with exact match score. To ensure correct verification, only provide the answer within the <answer> </answer> tags. Do not put any sentences or reasoning process within the <answer> </answer> tags. 

Supporting Information: Paragraph 0 

 The alt-right, or alternative right, is a loosely defined group of people with far-right ideologies who reject mainstream conservatism in favor of white nationalism.
 White supremacist Richard Spencer initially promoted the term in 2010 in reference to a movement centered on white nationalism, and did so according to the "Associated Press" to disguise overt racism, white supremacism, neo-fascism, and neo-Nazism.
 The term drew considerable media attention and controversy during and after the 2016 US presidential election. 

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Paragraph 1 

 The inverse gambler's fallacy, named by philosopher Ian Hacking, is a formal fallacy of Bayesian inference which is an inverse of the better known gambler's fallacy.
 It is the fallacy of concluding, on the basis of an unlikely outcome of a random process, that the process is likely to have occurred many times before.
 For example, if one observes a pair of fair dice being rolled and turning up double sixes, it is wrong to suppose that this lends any support to the hypothesis that the dice have been rolled many times before.
 We can see this from the Bayesian update rule: letting "U" denote the unlikely outcome of the random process and "M" the proposition that the process has occurred many times before, we have 

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Paragraph 2 

 Robert Goldstone (born 3 December 1960) is an English publicist and former tabloid journalist, who gained international visibility through his activities in the 2016 US Presidential election. 

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Paragraph 3 

 The United States presidential election of 2016 was the 58th quadrennial American presidential election, held on Tuesday, November 8, 2016.
 In a surprise victory, the Republican ticket of businessman Donald Trump and Indiana Governor Mike Pence defeated the Democratic ticket of former First Lady, U.S. Senator of New York and Secretary of State Hillary Clinton and U.S. Senator from Virginia Tim Kaine.
 Trump took office as the 45th President, and Pence as the 48th Vice President, on January 20, 2017.
 Concurrent with the presidential election, Senate, House, and many gubernatorial and state and local elections were also held on November 8. 

--------------------------------

Paragraph 4 

 Reliable Sources is a Sunday morning talk show on the cable/satellite news network CNN that focuses on analysis of the American news media, currently hosted by Brian Stelter.
 The show is broadcast from 11:00 am to noon ET, from CNN's Time Warner Center studios in New York City.
 The show is also broadcast around the world by CNN International.
 It was initially created to cover the media's coverage of the Persian Gulf War, but has since also covered the media's coverage of the Valerie Plame affair, the Iraq War, the outing of Mark Felt as Deep Throat, and many other events and internal media stories.
 More recently, it has focused on coverage of the 2016 U.S. Presidential election, and the subsequent presidential transition and Presidency of Donald Trump, the fake news epidemic, as well as the alleged Russian interference in the 2016 US presidential election, among several other topics. 

--------------------------------

Paragraph 5 

 Kierin Magenta Kirby (born August 15, 1963), better known as Lady Miss Kier, is an American singer, DJ and fashion icon.
 She is notable as having been the vocalist for the now defunct Deee-Lite.
 This was followed by a career as an international DJ and a songwriting solo career.
 She supported Green Party candidate Jill Stein in the 2016 US Presidential election. 

--------------------------------

Paragraph 6 

 The United States presidential election of 1964 was the 45th quadrennial presidential election.
 It was held on Tuesday, November 3, 1964.
 Democratic candidate and incumbent President Lyndon B. Johnson had come to office less than a year earlier following the assassination of his predecessor John F. Kennedy.
 Johnson, who had successfully associated himself with Kennedy’s popularity, won 61.1% of the popular vote, the highest win by a candidate since James Monroe’s re-election in 1820.
 It was the most lopsided US presidential election in terms of popular votes, and the tenth-most lopsided presidential election in the history of the United States in terms of electoral votes.
 No candidate for president since has equalled or surpassed Johnson’s percentage of the popular vote, and since 1820, only Abraham Lincoln in 1864, Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1936, Richard Nixon in 1972 and Ronald Reagan in 1980 and 1984 have won by a greater electoral vote margin. 

--------------------------------

Paragraph 7 

 The 2016 Minneapolis shooting took place on June 29, 2016 in Minneapolis, Minnesota when a man named Anthony Sawina shot at five Somali-Americans, wounding two of them.
 Witnesses later recounted that Sawina shouted anti-Muslim expletives and claimed he was "going to kill [them] all."
 The attack was condemned by civil rights groups as part of a larger rise of Islamophobia in the United States leading up the 2016 presidential election. 

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Answer: larger rise of Islamophobia