title: Confessions of a Serial Killer
Ottis Toole
Leszek Pękalski
Abu Musallam incident
Charles Cullen
Sture Bergwall
List of serial killers by number of victims
Stewart Wilken
Cold North Killers: Canadian Serial Murder
Henry Lee Lucas
sentences: Confessions of a Serial Killer is a 1985 American horror film directed by Mark Blair.
 Preceding "" by one year, the film details a serial killer (based on Henry Lee Lucas) who, after being arrested, confesses to the murders of over 200 women.
Ottis Elwood Toole (March 5, 1947 – September 15, 1996) was an American drifter and serial killer who was convicted of six counts of murder.
 Like his companion Henry Lee Lucas, Toole made confessions he later recanted, but which resulted in murder convictions.
 The discrediting of the case against Lucas for crimes in which Toole had offered corroborating statements created doubts as to whether either was a genuine serial killer or, as Hugh Aynesworth suggested, both were merely compliant interviewees whom police used to clear unsolved murders from the books.
 Toole received two death sentences, but on appeal they were commuted to life imprisonment.
 He died in his cell from cirrhosis, aged 49.
 Police attributed the murder of Adam Walsh to Toole on the basis of recanted statements.
 Lucas had backed Toole's confession to the Walsh murder, claiming he had been in possession of the victim's severed head.
Leszek Pękalski, also known as the Vampire of Bytów (born 12 February 1966 in Osieki near Bytów, Poland) is a Polish serial killer.
 He is believed to have killed at least 17 people between 1984 and 1992.
 At some stage of criminal procedures he admitted to having killed as many as 80 people, but he later retracted his confessions.
The Abu Musallam incident was an event where a large group 3000 people, including Salafist Muslims, killed a small group of Shias in their home in a suburb of Cairo on June 23 2013.
 Among the dead was sheikh Hassan Shehata who was a prominent religious figure among the Egyptian Shia community.
 Some news sources described the mob as "takfiris", while others described it as being a result of anti-Shia rhetoric steaming from sermons at Friday prayers.
Charles Edmund Cullen (born February 22, 1960) is a former nurse who is the most prolific serial killer in New Jersey history and is suspected to be the most prolific serial killer in American history.
 He confessed to authorities that he killed up to 40 patients during the course of his 16-year nursing career.
 But in subsequent interviews with police, psychiatric professionals, and journalists Charles Graeber and Steve Kroft, it became clear that he had killed many more, whom he could not specifically remember by name, though he could often remember details of their case.
 Experts have estimated that Charles Cullen may ultimately be responsible for 400 deaths, which would make him the most prolific serial killer in American history.
Sture Ragnar Bergwall (born 26 April 1950), also known as Thomas Quick in 1993–2002, is a Swedish man previously believed to have been a serial killer, having confessed to more than 30 murders while incarcerated in a mental institution for personality disorders.
 Between 1994 and 2001, Quick was convicted of eight of these murders.
 However, he withdrew all of his confessions in 2008, as a result of which his murder convictions were quashed, the final one in July 2013, and he was released from hospital.
 The episode raised issues about how murder convictions could have been obtained on such weak evidence, and has been called the largest miscarriage of justice in Swedish history.
 Journalists Hannes Råstam and Dan Josefsson made TV documentaries and books about the murder cases; they claimed that bad therapy led to false confessions, Dan Josefsson claims that a "cult" like group led by psychologist Margit Norell manipulated the police and talked Sture Bergwall into false confessions.
A serial killer is a person who murders three or more people, in two or more separate events over a period of time, for primarily psychological reasons.
 There are gaps of time between the killings, which may range from a few hours to many years.
 This list shows serial killers from the 20th century to present day by number of victims.
 In many cases, the exact number of victims assigned to a serial killer is not known, and even if that person is convicted of a few, there can be the possibility that he/she killed many more.
Stewart Wilken AKA "Boetie Boer" (born 11 November 1966) is a convicted serial killer from South Africa.
 Wilken is regarded as a highly unusual serial killer, having killed individuals from two distinct victim types: female prostitutes and young boys (he also killed his adolescent daughter, Wuane).
 Wilken killed from 1990 until he was arrested in January 1997.
 He was active in Port Elizabeth, on the east coast of South Africa.
Cold North Killers: Canadian Serial Murder is a 2012 Canadian non-fiction book written by Lee Mellor and published by Dundurn Press.
 It documents the lives of sixty Canadian serial killers, with the earliest being Edward H. Rulloff and the most recent being Russell Williams.
 The book uses Katherine Ramsland's interpretation of what constitutes a serial killer—someone who has killed at least two people on two separate occasions, and who attempted to or likely would have killed again—as outlined in her 2007 book "The Human Predator".
 "Cold North Killer's" own definition of what constitutes a Canadian serial killer includes both Canadians who committed murder abroad (such as Keith Hunter Jesperson and Gordon Stewart Northcott) and non-Canadians who committed murder in Canada (like William Dean Christenson and Earle Nelson).
Henry Lee Lucas (August 23, 1936 – March 12, 2001) was an American serial killer who claimed to have killed over 3000 people; however, his confessions often contained inconsistencies or improbable logistics.
 Despite this, hundreds of cold cases were attributed to him and subsequently closed.

Question: Question: Who directed the 1985 film that details the serial killer who claimed to have killed over 3000 people, and who's confessions often contained inconsistencies or improbable logistics? 

 Your answer will be verified with exact match score. To ensure correct verification, only provide the answer within the <answer> </answer> tags. Do not put any sentences or reasoning process within the <answer> </answer> tags. 

Supporting Information: Paragraph 0 

 Confessions of a Serial Killer is a 1985 American horror film directed by Mark Blair.
 Preceding "" by one year, the film details a serial killer (based on Henry Lee Lucas) who, after being arrested, confesses to the murders of over 200 women. 

--------------------------------

Paragraph 1 

 Ottis Elwood Toole (March 5, 1947 – September 15, 1996) was an American drifter and serial killer who was convicted of six counts of murder.
 Like his companion Henry Lee Lucas, Toole made confessions he later recanted, but which resulted in murder convictions.
 The discrediting of the case against Lucas for crimes in which Toole had offered corroborating statements created doubts as to whether either was a genuine serial killer or, as Hugh Aynesworth suggested, both were merely compliant interviewees whom police used to clear unsolved murders from the books.
 Toole received two death sentences, but on appeal they were commuted to life imprisonment.
 He died in his cell from cirrhosis, aged 49.
 Police attributed the murder of Adam Walsh to Toole on the basis of recanted statements.
 Lucas had backed Toole's confession to the Walsh murder, claiming he had been in possession of the victim's severed head. 

--------------------------------

Paragraph 2 

 Leszek Pękalski, also known as the Vampire of Bytów (born 12 February 1966 in Osieki near Bytów, Poland) is a Polish serial killer.
 He is believed to have killed at least 17 people between 1984 and 1992.
 At some stage of criminal procedures he admitted to having killed as many as 80 people, but he later retracted his confessions. 

--------------------------------

Paragraph 3 

 The Abu Musallam incident was an event where a large group 3000 people, including Salafist Muslims, killed a small group of Shias in their home in a suburb of Cairo on June 23 2013.
 Among the dead was sheikh Hassan Shehata who was a prominent religious figure among the Egyptian Shia community.
 Some news sources described the mob as "takfiris", while others described it as being a result of anti-Shia rhetoric steaming from sermons at Friday prayers. 

--------------------------------

Paragraph 4 

 Charles Edmund Cullen (born February 22, 1960) is a former nurse who is the most prolific serial killer in New Jersey history and is suspected to be the most prolific serial killer in American history.
 He confessed to authorities that he killed up to 40 patients during the course of his 16-year nursing career.
 But in subsequent interviews with police, psychiatric professionals, and journalists Charles Graeber and Steve Kroft, it became clear that he had killed many more, whom he could not specifically remember by name, though he could often remember details of their case.
 Experts have estimated that Charles Cullen may ultimately be responsible for 400 deaths, which would make him the most prolific serial killer in American history. 

--------------------------------

Paragraph 5 

 Sture Ragnar Bergwall (born 26 April 1950), also known as Thomas Quick in 1993–2002, is a Swedish man previously believed to have been a serial killer, having confessed to more than 30 murders while incarcerated in a mental institution for personality disorders.
 Between 1994 and 2001, Quick was convicted of eight of these murders.
 However, he withdrew all of his confessions in 2008, as a result of which his murder convictions were quashed, the final one in July 2013, and he was released from hospital.
 The episode raised issues about how murder convictions could have been obtained on such weak evidence, and has been called the largest miscarriage of justice in Swedish history.
 Journalists Hannes Råstam and Dan Josefsson made TV documentaries and books about the murder cases; they claimed that bad therapy led to false confessions, Dan Josefsson claims that a "cult" like group led by psychologist Margit Norell manipulated the police and talked Sture Bergwall into false confessions. 

--------------------------------

Paragraph 6 

 Stewart Wilken AKA "Boetie Boer" (born 11 November 1966) is a convicted serial killer from South Africa.
 Wilken is regarded as a highly unusual serial killer, having killed individuals from two distinct victim types: female prostitutes and young boys (he also killed his adolescent daughter, Wuane).
 Wilken killed from 1990 until he was arrested in January 1997.
 He was active in Port Elizabeth, on the east coast of South Africa. 

--------------------------------

Paragraph 7 

 Henry Lee Lucas (August 23, 1936 – March 12, 2001) was an American serial killer who claimed to have killed over 3000 people; however, his confessions often contained inconsistencies or improbable logistics.
 Despite this, hundreds of cold cases were attributed to him and subsequently closed. 

--------------------------------

 


Answer: Mark Blair