title: Grethe Barrett Holby
Opera North (U.S.A.)
As One (opera)
List of North American opera companies
Adam Klein (tenor)
Jean Bacon
Family Opera Initiative
Philadelphia Lyric Opera Company
Michael Chioldi
American Opera Projects
sentences: Grethe Barrett Holby (born April 26, 1948) is an American producer, stage director, choreographer and dramaturge best known for her work in opera.
 Holby is noted as the founder of "American Opera Projects", where she served as Artistic Director from 1988 until 2001.
 She currently serves as Executive Artistic Director of Family Opera Initiative which she founded in 1995, and Ardea Arts, Inc., which she founded in 2006.
 The Rockefeller Foundation awarded Holby a 2006 Creative Arts Residency The Bellagio Center.
Opera North is an American opera company based in Lebanon, New Hampshire, and is the region's oldest professional opera company.
 The company presents an annual summer season of three fully staged and orchestrated productions: a traditional opera, a piece of classical music theater, and an American opera.
 Opera North productions are staged at the Lebanon Opera House.
 Opera North is a member of Opera America.
As One is a chamber opera/song cycle composed by Laura Kaminsky with a libretto by Mark Campbell and Kimberly Reed, and is a coming-of-age story about a transgender woman.
 Its world premiere took place with American Opera Projects at the Brooklyn Academy of Music in September 2014.
This inclusive list of North American opera companies contains American and Canadian professional opera companies and opera related organizations with entries in the Wikipedia.
 For opera companies in Latin America (including Mexico) see List of Latin American and South American opera companies.
 For opera companies from other countries, see List of important opera companies.
Adam Charles Josef Klein (born January 22, 1960) is an American opera singer who has sung leading tenor roles with many North American opera companies including, the Metropolitan Opera, Seattle Opera, Edmonton Opera, and New York City Opera.
Jean Bacon (born 1942) is a British emeritus professor of distributed systems at the Computer Laboratory at the University of Cambridge, where she co-headed the Opera Research Group from its founding in the 1990s.
 Previously, she taught at Hatfield Technical College where, in the 1970s, she was involved in the design of one of the earliest computer science degree programs offered in the United Kingdom.
 Bacon retired from her faculty position at Cambridge in 2010 but has continued to work on Opera projects related to distributed systems and security in cloud computing.
Family Opera Initiative (FOI) is an American opera company based in New York City that commissions, develops, and premieres original works for cross-generational audiences.
 It was founded in 1995 by Grethe Barrett Holby, originally as part of American Opera Projects (also founded by Holby).
 Its mission was and remains to create new repertory for family audiences, to bring the experience of opera to a diverse audience, and to engage the community in the process and performance of their works.
The Philadelphia Lyric Opera Company was an American opera company located in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania that was active between 1958 and 1974.
 The company was led by a number of Artistic Directors during its history, beginning with Aurelio Fabiani.
 Other notable Artistic Directors include Julius Rudel and Anton Guadagno (1966–1972).
 The company produced between four and six of their own operas every year in addition to sponsoring numerous traveling productions from the New York City Opera.
 In 1975 the company merged with the Philadelphia Grand Opera Company but retained its original name.
 With the combined resources of both companies, the Philadelphia Lyric Opera Company began producing higher quality productions with name artists such as Luciano Pavarotti, Joan Sutherland, Roberta Peters, Montserrat Caballé, and others.
 For the bicentennial year 1976, the company commissioned famed opera composer Gian Carlo Menotti to create a new opera.
 The work, The Hero, premiered on June 1, 1976.
 In 1980, the company artistically reorganized to form the Opera Company of Philadelphia.
Michael Chioldi (born May 24, 1970) is an American operatic baritone who has performed at many major American opera houses and festivals, including the Metropolitan Opera, San Francisco Opera, Washington National Opera, Houston Grand Opera, San Diego Opera, Santa Fe Opera, Los Angeles Opera, Palm Beach Opera, Long Beach Opera, Minnesota Opera, Spoleto Festival USA, Arizona Opera, Utah Opera, New York City Opera, Fort Worth Opera, Chautauqua Opera, Kentucky Opera, Glimmerglass Opera, Hawaii Opera Theatre, Santa Fe Concert Association, Lyric Opera of Kansas City, Chicago Opera Theatre, Austin Lyric Opera, New Orleans Opera, Odyssey Opera, Michigan Opera Theatre and Vermont Opera Project.
American Opera Projects (AOP) is a professional opera company based in Brooklyn, NY and is a member of OPERA America, the Fort Greene Association, the Downtown Brooklyn Arts Alliance, and the Alliance of Resident Theatres/New York (A.R.T./NY).
 The company's primary mission is to develop and present new operatic and music theatre works and has gained a reputation for the "rarefied range" of the projects it fosters (Opera News, Dec 2008).
 AOP was founded in 1988 by Grethe Barrett Holby who served as Artistic Director of AOP from 1988 until 2001, at which point Charles Jarden became the company's Executive Director and Steven Osgood the company's Artistic Director.
 Steven Osgood left the post of Artistic Director in 2008 to pursue conducting full-time but remains the Artistic Director for AOP's "Composers & the Voice" program.

Question: Question: Which of the American Opera Projects' directors was born in 1948? 

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Supporting Information: Paragraph 0 

 Grethe Barrett Holby (born April 26, 1948) is an American producer, stage director, choreographer and dramaturge best known for her work in opera.
 Holby is noted as the founder of "American Opera Projects", where she served as Artistic Director from 1988 until 2001.
 She currently serves as Executive Artistic Director of Family Opera Initiative which she founded in 1995, and Ardea Arts, Inc., which she founded in 2006.
 The Rockefeller Foundation awarded Holby a 2006 Creative Arts Residency The Bellagio Center. 

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Paragraph 1 

 Opera North is an American opera company based in Lebanon, New Hampshire, and is the region's oldest professional opera company.
 The company presents an annual summer season of three fully staged and orchestrated productions: a traditional opera, a piece of classical music theater, and an American opera.
 Opera North productions are staged at the Lebanon Opera House.
 Opera North is a member of Opera America. 

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 As One is a chamber opera/song cycle composed by Laura Kaminsky with a libretto by Mark Campbell and Kimberly Reed, and is a coming-of-age story about a transgender woman.
 Its world premiere took place with American Opera Projects at the Brooklyn Academy of Music in September 2014. 

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Paragraph 3 

 This inclusive list of North American opera companies contains American and Canadian professional opera companies and opera related organizations with entries in the Wikipedia.
 For opera companies in Latin America (including Mexico) see List of Latin American and South American opera companies.
 For opera companies from other countries, see List of important opera companies. 

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 Adam Charles Josef Klein (born January 22, 1960) is an American opera singer who has sung leading tenor roles with many North American opera companies including, the Metropolitan Opera, Seattle Opera, Edmonton Opera, and New York City Opera. 

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Paragraph 5 

 Family Opera Initiative (FOI) is an American opera company based in New York City that commissions, develops, and premieres original works for cross-generational audiences.
 It was founded in 1995 by Grethe Barrett Holby, originally as part of American Opera Projects (also founded by Holby).
 Its mission was and remains to create new repertory for family audiences, to bring the experience of opera to a diverse audience, and to engage the community in the process and performance of their works. 

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Paragraph 6 

 The Philadelphia Lyric Opera Company was an American opera company located in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania that was active between 1958 and 1974.
 The company was led by a number of Artistic Directors during its history, beginning with Aurelio Fabiani.
 Other notable Artistic Directors include Julius Rudel and Anton Guadagno (1966–1972).
 The company produced between four and six of their own operas every year in addition to sponsoring numerous traveling productions from the New York City Opera.
 In 1975 the company merged with the Philadelphia Grand Opera Company but retained its original name.
 With the combined resources of both companies, the Philadelphia Lyric Opera Company began producing higher quality productions with name artists such as Luciano Pavarotti, Joan Sutherland, Roberta Peters, Montserrat Caballé, and others.
 For the bicentennial year 1976, the company commissioned famed opera composer Gian Carlo Menotti to create a new opera.
 The work, The Hero, premiered on June 1, 1976.
 In 1980, the company artistically reorganized to form the Opera Company of Philadelphia. 

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Paragraph 7 

 American Opera Projects (AOP) is a professional opera company based in Brooklyn, NY and is a member of OPERA America, the Fort Greene Association, the Downtown Brooklyn Arts Alliance, and the Alliance of Resident Theatres/New York (A.R.T./NY).
 The company's primary mission is to develop and present new operatic and music theatre works and has gained a reputation for the "rarefied range" of the projects it fosters (Opera News, Dec 2008).
 AOP was founded in 1988 by Grethe Barrett Holby who served as Artistic Director of AOP from 1988 until 2001, at which point Charles Jarden became the company's Executive Director and Steven Osgood the company's Artistic Director.
 Steven Osgood left the post of Artistic Director in 2008 to pursue conducting full-time but remains the Artistic Director for AOP's "Composers & the Voice" program. 

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Answer: Grethe Barrett Holby