title: Marek Kamiński
Olav Bjaaland
South Pole
Mount Fries
Lunar south pole
Mount Bjaaland
Robert Schwarz (astrophysicist)
Polheim
Albert P. Crary
Amundsen's South Pole expedition
sentences: Marek Kamiński (born 24 March 1964 in Gdańsk) – Polish Polar explorer, author, entrepreneur.
 Kamiński holds the Guinness World Record for being the first person to walk to both the North Pole and the South Pole, solo and unsupported, even though it appears that Wojciech Moskal walked with him to the North Pole on 23 May 1995.
 In the same year, on 27 December 1995, he reached the South Pole alone.
 He is also famous for the 2004 Together to the Pole Expedition to both Poles in a single year with disabled teenager Jan Mela, with Wojciech Ostrowski and Wojciech Moskal (North Pole).
Olav Bjaaland (5 March 1873 – 8 June 1961) was a Norwegian ski champion and polar explorers.
 In 1911, he was one of the first five men to reach the South Pole as part of Amundsen's South Pole expedition.
The South Pole, also known as the Geographic South Pole or Terrestrial South Pole, is one of the two points where the Earth's axis of rotation intersects its surface.
 It is the southernmost point on the surface of the Earth and lies on the opposite side of the Earth from the North Pole.
Mount Fries ( ) is a prominent peak, 1,985 m high, standing just south of the mouth of Zeller Glacier and being one of the westernmost summits along the south wall of Byrd Glacier.
 The peak is part of the Transantarctic Mountain chain which separates East Antarctica from West Antarctica.
 The mountain was named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names for Robert H. Fries, the aurora scientist at the South Pole Station during Operation Deepfreeze 1963.
 As the first graduate astronomer to winter-over at the South Pole, Fries recognized and commented in his annual summary report that the location would be ideal for certain long-term astronomical studies.
 Several significant projects of that nature are now being conducted at South Pole Station.
The lunar south pole is of special interest to scientists because of the postulated occurrence of water ice in permanently shadowed areas around it.
 Of the lunar poles, the south pole is of greater interest because the area that remains in shadow is much larger than that at the north pole.
 The lunar south pole craters are unique in that sunlight does not reach the bottom.
 Such craters are cold traps that contain a fossil record of the early solar system.
Mount Bjaaland ( ) is a rock peak (2,675 m), the southeasternmost summit of the massif at the head of Amundsen Glacier, in the Queen Maud Mountains.
 In November 1911, a number of mountain peaks in this general vicinity were observed and rudely positioned by the South Pole Party under Roald Amundsen.
 Amundsen named one of them for Olav Bjaaland, a member of the party.
 The peak described was mapped by United States Geological Survey (USGS) from surveys and U.S. Navy aerial photography, 1960-64.
 For the sake of historical continuity and to commemorate the Norwegian exploration in this area, the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) has selected this feature to be designated Mount Bjaaland.
 Other peaks in the massif have been named for members of Amundsen's South Pole Party.
Robert Schwarz is an astrophysicist who is () now beginning his 13th winter at the Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station--the 7th winter in a row.
 This is the most winters that anyone has ever spent at the South Pole, and the most that anyone has ever spent in a row.
 An avid photographer of the pole, many news organizations used his photographs in their coverage of the medical evacuation flights from the south pole in June, 2016.
Polheim ("Home at the Pole") was Roald Amundsen's name for his camp (the first ever) at the South Pole.
 He arrived there on December 14, 1911, along with four other members of his expedition: Helmer Hanssen, Olav Bjaaland, Oscar Wisting, and Sverre Hassel.
Albert Paddock Crary (July 25, 1911 – October 29, 1987), was a pioneer polar geophysicist and glaciologist.
 He was the first person to have stepped foot on both the North and South Poles, having made it to the North Pole on May 3, 1952 (with Joseph O. Fletcher and William P. Benedict) and then to the South Pole on February 12, 1961 as the leader of a team of eight.
 The South Pole expedition set out from McMurdo Station on December 10, 1960, using three Snowcats with trailers.
 Crary was the seventh expedition leader to arrive at the South Pole by surface transportation (the six others before him were—in sequence—Amundsen, Scott, Hillary, Fuchs, a Russian expedition in 1959/60 from Vostok base, and Antero Havola).
 He was widely admired for his intellect, wit, skills and as a great administrator for polar research expeditions.
The first expedition to reach the geographic South Pole was led by the Norwegian explorer Roald Amundsen.
 He and four others arrived at the pole on 14 December 1911, five weeks ahead of a British party led by Robert Falcon Scott as part of the Terra Nova Expedition.
 Amundsen and his team returned safely to their base, and later learned that Scott and his four companions had died on their return journey.

Question: Question: When did Olav Bjaaland arrive at the South Pole? 

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Supporting Information: Paragraph 0 

 Marek Kamiński (born 24 March 1964 in Gdańsk) – Polish Polar explorer, author, entrepreneur.
 Kamiński holds the Guinness World Record for being the first person to walk to both the North Pole and the South Pole, solo and unsupported, even though it appears that Wojciech Moskal walked with him to the North Pole on 23 May 1995.
 In the same year, on 27 December 1995, he reached the South Pole alone.
 He is also famous for the 2004 Together to the Pole Expedition to both Poles in a single year with disabled teenager Jan Mela, with Wojciech Ostrowski and Wojciech Moskal (North Pole). 

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Paragraph 1 

 Olav Bjaaland (5 March 1873 – 8 June 1961) was a Norwegian ski champion and polar explorers.
 In 1911, he was one of the first five men to reach the South Pole as part of Amundsen's South Pole expedition. 

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Paragraph 2 

 The South Pole, also known as the Geographic South Pole or Terrestrial South Pole, is one of the two points where the Earth's axis of rotation intersects its surface.
 It is the southernmost point on the surface of the Earth and lies on the opposite side of the Earth from the North Pole. 

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Paragraph 3 

 The lunar south pole is of special interest to scientists because of the postulated occurrence of water ice in permanently shadowed areas around it.
 Of the lunar poles, the south pole is of greater interest because the area that remains in shadow is much larger than that at the north pole.
 The lunar south pole craters are unique in that sunlight does not reach the bottom.
 Such craters are cold traps that contain a fossil record of the early solar system. 

--------------------------------

Paragraph 4 

 Mount Bjaaland ( ) is a rock peak (2,675 m), the southeasternmost summit of the massif at the head of Amundsen Glacier, in the Queen Maud Mountains.
 In November 1911, a number of mountain peaks in this general vicinity were observed and rudely positioned by the South Pole Party under Roald Amundsen.
 Amundsen named one of them for Olav Bjaaland, a member of the party.
 The peak described was mapped by United States Geological Survey (USGS) from surveys and U.S. Navy aerial photography, 1960-64.
 For the sake of historical continuity and to commemorate the Norwegian exploration in this area, the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) has selected this feature to be designated Mount Bjaaland.
 Other peaks in the massif have been named for members of Amundsen's South Pole Party. 

--------------------------------

Paragraph 5 

 Polheim ("Home at the Pole") was Roald Amundsen's name for his camp (the first ever) at the South Pole.
 He arrived there on December 14, 1911, along with four other members of his expedition: Helmer Hanssen, Olav Bjaaland, Oscar Wisting, and Sverre Hassel. 

--------------------------------

Paragraph 6 

 Albert Paddock Crary (July 25, 1911 – October 29, 1987), was a pioneer polar geophysicist and glaciologist.
 He was the first person to have stepped foot on both the North and South Poles, having made it to the North Pole on May 3, 1952 (with Joseph O. Fletcher and William P. Benedict) and then to the South Pole on February 12, 1961 as the leader of a team of eight.
 The South Pole expedition set out from McMurdo Station on December 10, 1960, using three Snowcats with trailers.
 Crary was the seventh expedition leader to arrive at the South Pole by surface transportation (the six others before him were—in sequence—Amundsen, Scott, Hillary, Fuchs, a Russian expedition in 1959/60 from Vostok base, and Antero Havola).
 He was widely admired for his intellect, wit, skills and as a great administrator for polar research expeditions. 

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Paragraph 7 

 The first expedition to reach the geographic South Pole was led by the Norwegian explorer Roald Amundsen.
 He and four others arrived at the pole on 14 December 1911, five weeks ahead of a British party led by Robert Falcon Scott as part of the Terra Nova Expedition.
 Amundsen and his team returned safely to their base, and later learned that Scott and his four companions had died on their return journey. 

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Answer: 14 December 1911