title: Constitutional crisis
1984 New Zealand constitutional crisis
King–Byng affair
Coloured vote constitutional crisis
Easter Crisis of 1920
Edward VIII abdication crisis
1975 Australian constitutional crisis
Salifou Fatimata Bazeye
1993 Russian constitutional crisis
Arthur Henry Mann (journalist)
sentences: In political science, a constitutional crisis is a crisis of political administration which the constitution (or other basic principle of operation) of a legal system appears unable to resolve.
 The crisis usually interferes with the orderly operation of government.
 In general, a constitutional crisis results when factions within a government ideologically disagree about the extent to which each faction holds sovereignty to legally exercise administrative power.
 Specifically, a constitutional crisis results from internal conflict among the branches of government (executive, legislative, judiciary) or, in a federal system, between the state and federal levels of government.
The New Zealand constitutional crisis of 1984 was an important constitutional and political event in the history of New Zealand.
 The crisis arose following the 1984 general election, and was caused by a major currency crisis.
 The crisis led the incoming government to review New Zealand's constitutional structures, which resulted in the Constitution Act 1986.
The King–Byng affair (sometimes referred to as the King–Byng Thing, the "King–Byng Wing Ding", or the Constitutional Crisis (1926)) was a Canadian constitutional crisis that occurred in 1926, when the Governor General of Canada, the Lord Byng of Vimy, refused a request by his prime minister, William Lyon Mackenzie King, to dissolve parliament and call a general election.
The Coloured vote constitutional crisis, also known as the Coloured vote case, was a constitutional crisis that occurred in the Union of South Africa during the 1950s as the result of an attempt by the Nationalist government to remove Coloured voters in the Union's Cape Province from the common voters' rolls.
 It developed into a dispute between Parliament and the executive, on the one hand, and the Appellate Division of the Supreme Court, on the other hand, over the power of Parliament to amend an entrenched clause in the South Africa Act (the constitution) and the power of the Appellate Division to overturn the amendment as unconstitutional.
 The crisis ended when the government enlarged the Senate and altered its method of election, allowing the amendment to be successfully enacted.
The Easter Crisis of 1920 was a constitutional crisis and a significant event in the development of constitutional monarchy in Denmark during the Easter in March-April that year.
 It began with the dismissal of the elected government by the reigning monarch, King Christian X, a reserve power which was granted to him by the Danish constitution.
In 1936, a constitutional crisis in the British Empire arose when King-Emperor Edward VIII proposed to marry Wallis Simpson, an American socialite who was divorced from her first husband and was pursuing a divorce of her second.
The 1975 Australian constitutional crisis, also known simply as the Dismissal, has been described as the greatest political and constitutional crisis in Australian history.
 It culminated on 11 November 1975 with the dismissal from office of the Prime Minister, Gough Whitlam of the Australian Labor Party (ALP), by Governor-General Sir John Kerr, who then commissioned the Leader of the Opposition, Malcolm Fraser of the Liberal Party, as caretaker Prime Minister.
Salifou Fatimata Bazèye (var.
 "Fatoumata Bazèye", "Fatoumata Bazaî") is a Nigerien jurist, former magistrate, head of the Supreme Court of Niger and from 2007 to 2009 President of the Constitutional Court of Niger.
 Her court's rulings on the constitutional revisions planned by then President of Niger Mamadou Tandja, led to her extra-constitutional dismissal and a heightening of the 2009–2010 Nigerien constitutional crisis.
 Following the 2010 Nigerien coup d'état, she was named head of the transitional Constitutional Court of Niger.
The constitutional crisis of 1993 was a political stand-off between the Russian president Boris Yeltsin and the Russian parliament that was resolved by using military force.
 The relations between the president and the parliament had been deteriorating for some time.
 The constitutional crisis reached a tipping point on September 21, 1993, when President Yeltsin aimed to dissolve the country's legislature (the Congress of People's Deputies and its Supreme Soviet), although the president did not have the power to dissolve the parliament according to the constitution.
 Yeltsin used the results of the referendum of April 1993 to justify his actions.
 In response, the parliament declared that the president's decision was null and void, impeached Yeltsin and proclaimed vice president Aleksandr Rutskoy to be acting president.
Arthur Henry Mann, CH (born 7 July 1876, Warwick, England; died Folkestone, Kent, 23 July 1972) was a British newspaper journalist, who edited the "Yorkshire Post" from 1919 to 1939, where he was known for his "resolute independence" and helped precipitate the Edward VIII abdication crisis by publishing criticism of the King.

Question: Question: Which British newspaper journalist contributed to a constitutional crisis in the British Empire by publishing criticism of the reigning king who planned to marry a divorced American socialite. 

 Your answer will be verified with exact match score. To ensure correct verification, only provide the answer within the <answer> </answer> tags. Do not put any sentences or reasoning process within the <answer> </answer> tags. 

Supporting Information: Paragraph 0 

 In political science, a constitutional crisis is a crisis of political administration which the constitution (or other basic principle of operation) of a legal system appears unable to resolve.
 The crisis usually interferes with the orderly operation of government.
 In general, a constitutional crisis results when factions within a government ideologically disagree about the extent to which each faction holds sovereignty to legally exercise administrative power.
 Specifically, a constitutional crisis results from internal conflict among the branches of government (executive, legislative, judiciary) or, in a federal system, between the state and federal levels of government. 

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Paragraph 1 

 The Coloured vote constitutional crisis, also known as the Coloured vote case, was a constitutional crisis that occurred in the Union of South Africa during the 1950s as the result of an attempt by the Nationalist government to remove Coloured voters in the Union's Cape Province from the common voters' rolls.
 It developed into a dispute between Parliament and the executive, on the one hand, and the Appellate Division of the Supreme Court, on the other hand, over the power of Parliament to amend an entrenched clause in the South Africa Act (the constitution) and the power of the Appellate Division to overturn the amendment as unconstitutional.
 The crisis ended when the government enlarged the Senate and altered its method of election, allowing the amendment to be successfully enacted. 

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Paragraph 2 

 The Easter Crisis of 1920 was a constitutional crisis and a significant event in the development of constitutional monarchy in Denmark during the Easter in March-April that year.
 It began with the dismissal of the elected government by the reigning monarch, King Christian X, a reserve power which was granted to him by the Danish constitution. 

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Paragraph 3 

 In 1936, a constitutional crisis in the British Empire arose when King-Emperor Edward VIII proposed to marry Wallis Simpson, an American socialite who was divorced from her first husband and was pursuing a divorce of her second. 

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Paragraph 4 

 The 1975 Australian constitutional crisis, also known simply as the Dismissal, has been described as the greatest political and constitutional crisis in Australian history.
 It culminated on 11 November 1975 with the dismissal from office of the Prime Minister, Gough Whitlam of the Australian Labor Party (ALP), by Governor-General Sir John Kerr, who then commissioned the Leader of the Opposition, Malcolm Fraser of the Liberal Party, as caretaker Prime Minister. 

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Paragraph 5 

 Salifou Fatimata Bazèye (var.
 "Fatoumata Bazèye", "Fatoumata Bazaî") is a Nigerien jurist, former magistrate, head of the Supreme Court of Niger and from 2007 to 2009 President of the Constitutional Court of Niger.
 Her court's rulings on the constitutional revisions planned by then President of Niger Mamadou Tandja, led to her extra-constitutional dismissal and a heightening of the 2009–2010 Nigerien constitutional crisis.
 Following the 2010 Nigerien coup d'état, she was named head of the transitional Constitutional Court of Niger. 

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Paragraph 6 

 The constitutional crisis of 1993 was a political stand-off between the Russian president Boris Yeltsin and the Russian parliament that was resolved by using military force.
 The relations between the president and the parliament had been deteriorating for some time.
 The constitutional crisis reached a tipping point on September 21, 1993, when President Yeltsin aimed to dissolve the country's legislature (the Congress of People's Deputies and its Supreme Soviet), although the president did not have the power to dissolve the parliament according to the constitution.
 Yeltsin used the results of the referendum of April 1993 to justify his actions.
 In response, the parliament declared that the president's decision was null and void, impeached Yeltsin and proclaimed vice president Aleksandr Rutskoy to be acting president. 

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Paragraph 7 

 Arthur Henry Mann, CH (born 7 July 1876, Warwick, England; died Folkestone, Kent, 23 July 1972) was a British newspaper journalist, who edited the "Yorkshire Post" from 1919 to 1939, where he was known for his "resolute independence" and helped precipitate the Edward VIII abdication crisis by publishing criticism of the King. 

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Answer: Arthur Henry Mann