title: Richard Woodville, 3rd Earl Rivers
Catherine Woodville, Duchess of Buckingham
Richard Woodville, 1st Earl Rivers
John Woodville
Edward V of England
Adolf of Germany
Cecily of York
Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor
Jacquetta of Luxembourg
Papal election, 1243
sentences: Richard Woodville, 3rd Earl Rivers (1453 – 6 March 1491) succeeded his brother, Anthony Woodville, as the third Earl Rivers.
 He was the son of Richard Woodville, 1st Earl Rivers, and Jacquetta of Luxembourg, and was the brother of the English queen Elizabeth Woodville.
Catherine Woodville (or Wydeville; c. 1458 – 18 May 1497) was an English medieval noblewoman.
 She was the sister-in-law of King Edward IV of England and gave birth to several illustrious children.
 Catherine was the daughter of Richard Woodville, 1st Earl Rivers, and Jacquetta of Luxembourg.
 When her sister Elizabeth married King Edward IV, the King elevated and promoted many members of the Woodville family.
 Elizabeth Woodville's household records for 1466/67 indicate that Catherine was being raised in the queen's household.
Richard Woodville (or Wydeville), 1st Earl Rivers (1405 – 12 August 1469) was an English nobleman, best remembered as the father of Queen consort Elizabeth Woodville and the maternal grandfather of Edward V and the maternal great-grandfather of Henry VIII.
Sir John Woodville (c.1445 – 12 August 1469) was the second son, and fourth child, of Richard Woodville, 1st Earl Rivers and Jacquetta of Luxembourg.
Edward V (2 November 1470 – ) was King of England from his father Edward IV's death on 9 April 1483 until 26 June of the same year.
 He was never crowned, and his 78-day reign was dominated by the influence of his uncle and Lord Protector, Richard, Duke of Gloucester, who succeeded him as Richard III on 26 June 1483; this was confirmed by the Act entitled Titulus Regius, which denounced any further claims through his father's heirs.
Adolf (c. 1255 – 2 July 1298) was Count of Nassau from about 1276 and elected King of Germany (King of the Romans) from 1292 until his deposition by the prince-electors in 1298.
 He was never crowned by the Pope, which would have secured him the title of Holy Roman Emperor.
 He was the first physically and mentally healthy ruler of the Holy Roman Empire ever to be deposed without a papal excommunication.
 Adolf died shortly afterwards in the Battle of Göllheim fighting against his successor Albert of Habsburg.
Cecily of York, Viscountess Welles (20 March 1469 – 24 August 1507) was an English princess and the third, but eventual second surviving, daughter of Edward IV, King of England and his queen consort Elizabeth Woodville, daughter of Richard Woodville, 1st Earl Rivers and Jacquetta of Luxembourg.
Maximilian I (22 March 1459 – 12 January 1519) was King of the Romans (also known as King of the Germans) from 1486 and Holy Roman Emperor from 1493 until his death, though he was never crowned by the Pope, as the journey to Rome was always too risky.
 He was the son of Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor, and Eleanor of Portugal.
 He ruled jointly with his father for the last ten years of his father's reign, from c. 1483 to 1493.
Jacquetta of Luxembourg, Countess Rivers (1415/1416 – 30 May 1472) was the eldest daughter of Peter I of Luxembourg, Count of Saint-Pol, Conversano and Brienne, and his wife Margaret of Baux (Margherita del Balzo of Andria).
 She was a prominent, though often overlooked, figure in the Wars of the Roses.
 Through her short-lived first marriage to the Duke of Bedford, brother of King Henry V, she was firmly allied to the House of Lancaster.
 However, following the emphatic Lancastrian defeat at the Battle of Towton, she and her second husband Richard Woodville sided closely with the House of York.
 Three years after the battle and the accession of Edward IV of England, Jacquetta's eldest daughter Elizabeth Woodville married him and became Queen consort of England.
 Jacquetta bore Woodville 14 children and stood trial on charges of witchcraft, for which she was exonerated.
The election which took place around the death of Pope Gregory IX on August 22, 1241, was a particularly stressful one.
 There were military operations, both inside and outside the City of Rome, towns and properties were destroyed, Guelphs and Ghibellines warred against each other, and two of the cardinals were captured in battle and were held prisoner by the Emperor Frederick II.
 When the electoral meeting began, only ten of the twelve cardinals participated.
 The cardinals were tightly confined, on orders of the Senator of Rome, Matteo Rosso Orsini, and during that conclave one cardinal died.
 After seven weeks of deadlocked negotiations in the summer heat of Rome, the cardinals finally managed to produce the required two-thirds majority on October 25 for Cardinal Goffredo Castiglione, who chose the name Celestine IV.
 Pope Celestine was never crowned.
 It is also said that he was never consecrated, which is pointless, since he was already a bishop, and that he never issued a bull, which is contested.
 He died, old and ill, only seventeen days after his election, on November 10, 1241.

Question: Question: Which king was never crowned and was the grandfather of Richard Woodville? 

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Supporting Information: Paragraph 0 

 Richard Woodville, 3rd Earl Rivers (1453 – 6 March 1491) succeeded his brother, Anthony Woodville, as the third Earl Rivers.
 He was the son of Richard Woodville, 1st Earl Rivers, and Jacquetta of Luxembourg, and was the brother of the English queen Elizabeth Woodville. 

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Paragraph 1 

 Catherine Woodville (or Wydeville; c. 1458 – 18 May 1497) was an English medieval noblewoman.
 She was the sister-in-law of King Edward IV of England and gave birth to several illustrious children.
 Catherine was the daughter of Richard Woodville, 1st Earl Rivers, and Jacquetta of Luxembourg.
 When her sister Elizabeth married King Edward IV, the King elevated and promoted many members of the Woodville family.
 Elizabeth Woodville's household records for 1466/67 indicate that Catherine was being raised in the queen's household. 

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Paragraph 2 

 Richard Woodville (or Wydeville), 1st Earl Rivers (1405 – 12 August 1469) was an English nobleman, best remembered as the father of Queen consort Elizabeth Woodville and the maternal grandfather of Edward V and the maternal great-grandfather of Henry VIII. 

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Paragraph 3 

 Edward V (2 November 1470 – ) was King of England from his father Edward IV's death on 9 April 1483 until 26 June of the same year.
 He was never crowned, and his 78-day reign was dominated by the influence of his uncle and Lord Protector, Richard, Duke of Gloucester, who succeeded him as Richard III on 26 June 1483; this was confirmed by the Act entitled Titulus Regius, which denounced any further claims through his father's heirs. 

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Paragraph 4 

 Cecily of York, Viscountess Welles (20 March 1469 – 24 August 1507) was an English princess and the third, but eventual second surviving, daughter of Edward IV, King of England and his queen consort Elizabeth Woodville, daughter of Richard Woodville, 1st Earl Rivers and Jacquetta of Luxembourg. 

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Paragraph 5 

 Maximilian I (22 March 1459 – 12 January 1519) was King of the Romans (also known as King of the Germans) from 1486 and Holy Roman Emperor from 1493 until his death, though he was never crowned by the Pope, as the journey to Rome was always too risky.
 He was the son of Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor, and Eleanor of Portugal.
 He ruled jointly with his father for the last ten years of his father's reign, from c. 1483 to 1493. 

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Paragraph 6 

 Jacquetta of Luxembourg, Countess Rivers (1415/1416 – 30 May 1472) was the eldest daughter of Peter I of Luxembourg, Count of Saint-Pol, Conversano and Brienne, and his wife Margaret of Baux (Margherita del Balzo of Andria).
 She was a prominent, though often overlooked, figure in the Wars of the Roses.
 Through her short-lived first marriage to the Duke of Bedford, brother of King Henry V, she was firmly allied to the House of Lancaster.
 However, following the emphatic Lancastrian defeat at the Battle of Towton, she and her second husband Richard Woodville sided closely with the House of York.
 Three years after the battle and the accession of Edward IV of England, Jacquetta's eldest daughter Elizabeth Woodville married him and became Queen consort of England.
 Jacquetta bore Woodville 14 children and stood trial on charges of witchcraft, for which she was exonerated. 

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Paragraph 7 

 The election which took place around the death of Pope Gregory IX on August 22, 1241, was a particularly stressful one.
 There were military operations, both inside and outside the City of Rome, towns and properties were destroyed, Guelphs and Ghibellines warred against each other, and two of the cardinals were captured in battle and were held prisoner by the Emperor Frederick II.
 When the electoral meeting began, only ten of the twelve cardinals participated.
 The cardinals were tightly confined, on orders of the Senator of Rome, Matteo Rosso Orsini, and during that conclave one cardinal died.
 After seven weeks of deadlocked negotiations in the summer heat of Rome, the cardinals finally managed to produce the required two-thirds majority on October 25 for Cardinal Goffredo Castiglione, who chose the name Celestine IV.
 Pope Celestine was never crowned.
 It is also said that he was never consecrated, which is pointless, since he was already a bishop, and that he never issued a bull, which is contested.
 He died, old and ill, only seventeen days after his election, on November 10, 1241. 

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Answer: Edward V