meetforever/GRPO_CL huggingface dataset:
user: VK gave a problem to Chef, but Chef is too lazy, so he asked you to solve the problem for him. The statement of the problem follows.
Consider an integer with $N$ digits (in decimal notation, without leading zeroes) $D_1, D_2, D_3, \dots, D_N$. Here, $D_1$ is the most significant digit and $D_N$ the least significant. The weight of this integer is defined as ∑i=2N(Di−Di−1).∑i=2N(Di−Di−1).\sum_{i=2}^N (D_i - D_{i-1})\,.
You are given integers $N$ and $W$. Find the number of positive integers with $N$ digits (without leading zeroes) and weight equal to $W$. Compute this number modulo $10^9+7$.

-----Input-----
- The first line of the input contains a single integer $T$ denoting the number of test cases. The description of $T$ test cases follows.
- The first and only line of each test case contains two space-separated integers $N$ and $W$ denoting the number of digits and the required weight.

-----Output-----
For each test case, print a single line containing one integer — the number of $N$-digit positive integers with weight $W$, modulo $10^9+7$.

-----Constraints-----
- $1 \le T \le 10^5$
- $2 \le N \le 10^{18}$
- $|W| \le 300$

-----Subtasks-----
Subtask #1 (20 points):
- $1 \le T \le 10^3$
- $2 \le N \le 10^3$
Subtask #2 (80 points): original constraints

-----Example Input-----

1
2 3

-----Example Output-----

6

-----Explanation-----
Example case 1: Remember that the digits are arranged from most significant to least significant as $D_1, D_2$. The two-digit integers with weight $3$ are $14, 25, 36, 47, 58, 69$. For example, the weight of $14$ is $D_2-D_1 = 4-1 = 3$. We can see that there are no other possible numbers.
user: Chef Watson uses a social network called ChefBook, which has a new feed consisting of posts by his friends. Each post can be characterized by f - the identifier of the friend who created the post, p - the popularity of the post(which is pre-calculated by ChefBook platform using some machine learning algorithm) and s - the contents of the post which is a string of lower and uppercase English alphabets.
Also, Chef has some friends, which he has marked as special.
The algorithm used by ChefBook for determining the order of posts in news feed is as follows:

- Posts of special friends should be shown first, irrespective of popularity. Among all such posts the popular ones should be shown earlier.
- Among all other posts, popular posts should be shown earlier.

Given, a list of identifiers of Chef's special friends and a list of posts, you have to implement this algorithm for engineers of ChefBook and output the correct ordering of posts in the new feed. 

-----Input-----
First line contains N, number of special friends of Chef and M, the number of posts. Next line contains N integers A1, A2, ..., AN denoting the identifiers of special friends of Chef. Each of the next M lines contains a pair of integers and a string denoting f, p and s, identifier of the friend who created the post, the popularity of the post and the contents of the post, respectively. It is guaranteed that no two posts have same popularity, but the same friend might make multiple posts.

-----Output-----
Output correct ordering of posts in news feed in M lines. Output only the contents of a post.

-----Constraints-----
- 1 ≤ N, M ≤ 103
- 1 ≤ Ai, f, p ≤  105
- 1 ≤ length(s) ≤  100

-----Example-----
Input:
2 4
1 2
1 1 WhoDoesntLoveChefBook
2 2 WinterIsComing
3 10 TheseViolentDelightsHaveViolentEnds
4 3 ComeAtTheKingBestNotMiss

Output:
WinterIsComing
WhoDoesntLoveChefBook
TheseViolentDelightsHaveViolentEnds
ComeAtTheKingBestNotMiss

-----Explanation-----

First we should show posts created by friends with identifiers 1 and 2. Among the posts by these friends, the one with more popularity should be shown first.

Among remaining posts, we show those which are more popular first.
user: There are a lot of problems related to the shortest paths. Nevertheless, there are not much problems, related to the shortest paths in average.
Consider a directed graph G, consisting of N nodes and M edges. Consider a walk from the node A to the node B in this graph. The average length of this walk will be total sum of weight of its' edges divided by number of edges. Every edge counts as many times as it appears in this path.
Now, your problem is quite simple. For the given graph and two given nodes, find out the shortest average length of the walk between these nodes. Please note, that the length of the walk need not to be finite, but average walk length will be.

-----Input-----
The first line of the input contains an integer T denoting the number of test cases. The description of T test cases follows.
The first line of each test case contains a pair of space-separated integers N and M denoting the number of nodes and the number of edges in the graph.
Each of the following M lines contains a triple of space-separated integers Xi Yi Zi, denoting the arc, connecting the node Xi to the node Yi (but not vice-versa!) having the weight of Zi.
The next line contains a pair of space separated integers A and B, denoting the first and the last node of the path.

-----Output-----
For each test case, output a single line containing the length of the shortest path in average.
If there is no path at all, output just -1 on the corresponding line of the output.

-----Constraints-----
- 1 ≤ N ≤ 500
- 1 ≤ M ≤ 1000
- A is not equal to B
- 1 ≤ A, B, Xi, Yi ≤ N
- 1 ≤ Zi ≤ 100
- There are no self-loops and multiple edges in the graph.
- 1 ≤ sum of N over all test cases ≤ 10000
- 1 ≤ sum of M over all test cases ≤ 20000

-----Subtasks-----
- Subtask #1 (45 points): 1 ≤ N ≤ 10, 1 ≤ M ≤ 20; Your answer will be considered correct in case it has an absolute or relative error of no more than 10-2.
- Subtask #2 (55 points): no additional constraints; Your answer will be considered correct in case it has an absolute or relative error of no more than 10-6.

-----Example-----
Input:2
3 3
1 2 1
2 3 2
3 2 3
1 3
3 3
1 2 10
2 3 1
3 2 1
1 3

Output:1.5
1.0

-----Explanation-----
Example case 1. The walk 1 -> 2 and 2 -> 3 has average length of 3/2 = 1.5. Any other walks in the graph will have more or equal average length than this.
user: Chef has a number N, Cheffina challenges the chef to check the divisibility of all the permutation of N by 3. If any of the permutations is divisible by 3 then print 1 else print 0.

-----Input:-----
- First-line will contain $T$, the number of test cases. Then the test cases follow. 
- Each test case contains a single line of input, two integers $N$. 

-----Output:-----
For each test case, output in a single line answer 1 or 0.

-----Constraints-----
- $1 \leq T \leq 10^6$
- $1 \leq N \leq 10^6$

-----Sample Input:-----
2
18
308

-----Sample Output:-----
1
0
user: Chef's love for Fibonacci numbers helps him to design following interesting problem.
He defines a function F for an array S as follows:

where
- Si denotes a non-empty subset of multiset S.
- sum(Si) denotes the sum of all element of multiset Si.
- Fibonacci(x) denotes the xth Fibonacci number.
Given an array A consisting of N elements. Chef asked you to process following two types of queries on this array accurately and efficiently.
- C X Y: Change the value of Xth element of array to Y i.e AX = Y.
- Q L R: Compute function F over the subarray defined by the elements of array A in the range L to R, both inclusive.

Please see the Note section if you need details regarding Fibonacci function.

-----Input-----
First line of input contains 2 space separated integer N and M denoting the size of array A and the number of queries to be performed. Next line of input contains N space separated integers denoting the elements of array A. Each of next M lines of input contains a query having one of the mentioned two types.

-----Output-----
For each query of type Q, output the value of function F for the given range of array A.

-----Constraints-----
- 1 ≤ N, M ≤ 105
- 1 ≤ Ai, Y ≤ 109
- 1 ≤ L, R, X ≤ N
-  type = {'C', 'Q'} 

-----Subtasks-----
- Subtask 1 (20 points) : 1 ≤ N, M ≤ 1000, 1 ≤ Ai, Y ≤ 106, type = { 'Q' } 
- Subtask 2 (20 points) : 1 ≤ N, M ≤ 50000, 1 ≤ Ai, Y ≤ 109, type = { 'C', Q' } 
- Subtask 3 (30 points) : 1 ≤ N, M ≤ 105, 1 ≤ Ai, Y ≤ 109, type = { 'Q' } 
- Subtask 4 (30 points) : 1 ≤ N, M ≤ 105, 1 ≤ Ai, Y ≤ 109, type = { 'C', Q' }

-----Example-----
Input
3 5
1 2 3
Q 1 2
Q 2 3
C 1 2
Q 1 2
Q 1 3

Output
4
8
5
30

-----Explanation:-----
- Q1 : F = Fibonacci(1) + Fibonacci(2) + Fibonacci(1+2) = 4 % 1000000007 = 4
- Q2 : F = Fibonacci(2) + Fibonacci(3) + Fibonacci(2+3) = 8 % 1000000007 = 8
- Q3 : A = {2, 2, 3}
- Q4 : F = Fibonacci(2) + Fibonacci(2) + Fibonacci(2+2) = 5 % 1000000007 = 5
- Q5 : F = Fibonacci(2) + Fibonacci(2) + Fibonacci(3) + Fibonacci(2+2) + Fibonacci(2+3) + Fibonacci(2+3) + Fibonacci(2+2+3) = 30 % 1000000007 = 30

-----Note-----
FibonacciK denotes the Kth Fibonacci number. Fibonacci series is defined as follows:
- For 1 ≤ K ≤ 2, FibonacciK = 1
- Otherwise, FibonacciK = FibonacciK-1 + FibonacciK-2
Please check this link for more details about Fibonacci numbers.
user: The chef is having one array of N natural numbers(numbers may be repeated). i.e. All natural numbers must be less than N. Chef wants to rearrange the array and try to place a natural number on its index of the array, i.e array[i]=i. If multiple natural numbers are found for given index place one natural number to its index and ignore others.i.e. arr[i]=i and multiple i found in array ignore all remaining i's If any index in the array is empty place 0 at that place. i.e. if for arr[i], i is not present do arr[i]=0.

-----Input:-----
- First line will contain $T$, number of testcases. Then the testcases follow. 
- Each testcase contains two lines of input.
- First-line has $N$ denoting the size of an array.
- Second-line has $N$ space-separated natural numbers.

-----Output:-----
For each test case, output in a single line with the new rearranged array.

-----Constraints-----
- $1 \leq T \leq 10^3$
- $2 \leq N \leq 10^3$
- $arr[i] \leq N-1$

-----Sample Input:-----
2
2
1 1
4
1 1 2 1

-----Sample Output:-----
0 1
0 1 2 0

-----EXPLANATION:-----
For 1) $1$ occurs twice in the array hence print 0 at 0th index and 1 at 1st index
For 2) $1$ occurs thrice and 2 once in the array hence print 0 at 0th index and 1 at 1st index, 2 at 2nd index and 0 at 3rd index.
user: Chef is very organised in whatever he does and likes to maintain statistics of his work. Chef has expertise in web development and hence is a regular contributor on a forum. Chef sometimes makes multiple contributions in a single day.. Each day chef makes at least 1 contribution he is assigned a shade of green. The greater the number of contribution in a single day the darker shade of green he gets assigned and vice versa. Your job is to find out the number of days chef is assigned a same shade of green and print the number of times chef is assigned a unique shade of green.

-----INPUT-----
The first line of input contains an integer T denoting the number of test cases. T test cases follow.

The first line of each test case contains an integer N denoting the number of days chef has contributed towards the forum.

The next line contains N spaced integers the number of contributions chef has made if he has made any.

-----OUTPUT-----

The output will contain numbers on separate lines that show the number of individual green shades chef has earned in ascending order of intensity of the shades of green.

-----CONSTRAINTS-----
1 <= T <= 25

5 <= N <= 50

1 <= Ai <= 50

-----EXAMPLE-----Input:

1

7

20 6 5 3 3 1 1
Output:

1: 2

3: 2

5: 1

6: 1

20: 1
user: You are in the future. It's the time of autonomous cars. Switching lanes is a pretty difficult task for autonomous cars, and you have the logs from an experiment you had run with two cars. You want to verify whether the logs are corrupted, or could be valid.
In that experiment, you had a highway consisting of two lanes. These were represented by 2 rows of an infinite grid. The cell (1, 1) is the top left cell which is the starting point of the first lane. Cell (2, 1) is the bottom left cell of the grid which is the starting point of the second lane.
There are two cars, 1 and 2 that start from the cell (1, 1) and (2, 1). 
At each instant, a car has the following choices.
- Stay at the current position.
- Move one cell to the right.
- Switch Lanes. When a car switches its lane, it stays in the same column. That is, from (1, i) it could go to (2, i), or from (2, i) it could go to (1, i). But both both cars shouldn't end up at the same cell at any point. Note that there could have been a car which had moved at the very instant that you move into it.
Consider one such scenario of driving cars.
Time $t = 0$
1.....
2.....

Time $t = 1$. Car 2 advances one cell right. Car 1 stays at the same place.
1.....
.2....

Time $t = 2$. Car 2 stays at its place. Car 1 switches the lane.
......
12....

Time $t = 3$. Car 2 moves one cell to the right.  Car 1 also moves one cell to the right.
......
.12...

Time $t = 4$. Both the cars stay in the same place.
......
.12...

You are given positions of the car at $n$ instants. Your task is to check whether this situation is feasible or not.

-----Input-----
- The first line of the input contains an integer $T$ denoting the number of test cases. The description of the test cases follows.
- The first line of each test case contains an integer $n$ denoting the number of instants where the positions of the cars were recorded.
- Each of next $n$ lines contains 5 space separated integers denoting $t_i, x_i, y_i, X_i, Y_i$ denoting time, $x$ and $y$ coordinate of the first car, and that of second car.

-----Output-----
For each test case, output either yes or no according to the answer to the problem.

-----Constraints-----
- $1 \le T \le 10^5$
- $1 \le n \leq 10^5$
- $1 \le t_i, y_i, X_i, Y_i \leq 10^9$
- $1 \leq x_i \leq 2$
- $t_i < t_{i+1}$
- Sum of $n$ over all the test cases doesn't exceed $10^6$

-----Example Input-----
2
3
1 1 1 2 2
2 2 1 2 2
4 2 2 2 3
1
1 1 3 2 2

-----Example Output-----
yes
no
user: You have a tree consisting of n vertices. You want to color each vertex of the tree in one of the k colors such that for any pair of vertices having same color, all the vertices belonging to the path joining them should also have same color. In other words, for any two vertices u, v with same color, all the vertices in the path joining them should also have color same as that of the u (or same as v, as u and v have same color). 

Find out possible number of ways in which you can color the tree satisfying the above property. As the answer could be large, print your answer modulo 109 + 7.

-----Input-----
The first line of the input contains an integer T denoting the number of test cases. The description of T test cases follows.
For each test case, first line contains two space separated integers n, k denoting number of vertices in the tree and total number of colors, respectively
Each of the next n - 1 lines contain two space separated integers ui, vi, denoting that there is an edge between vertices ui and vi in the tree.

-----Output-----
For each test case, output a single line corresponding to number of ways of coloring the tree.

-----Constraints-----
- 1 ≤ T ≤ 50
- 1 ≤ n, k ≤ 50
- 1 ≤ ui, vi ≤ n
- ui ≠ vi

-----Example-----
Input
3
3 2
1 2
2 3
3 1
1 2
2 3
4 3
1 2
2 3
2 4

Output:
6
1
39

-----Explanation-----
In the first example, You can color the vertices in the following 6 ways - {1, 1, 1}, {2, 2, 2}, {1, 2, 2}, {1, 1, 2}, {2, 1, 1}, {2, 2, 1}. Note that you can't color the tree in {1, 2, 1} as the vertices in the path connecting vertex 1 and 3, (i.e. 1, 2, 3) don't have same color. You can see that the color of 2nd vertex is not same as that of 1st and 3rd.
In the second example, Only possible coloring you can do is to color all the vertices with color 1.
user: Chef likes to play with array elements. His teacher has given him an array problem. But now he is busy as Christmas is coming. So, he needs your help. Can you help him to solve this problem.
You are given an array $(A1,A2,A3……AN)$ of length $N$. You have to create an another array using the given array in the following ways:

For each valid i, the ith element of the output array will be the sum of the ith element and (A[i])th element if $A[i]$ is less equal $N$.

Other wise for each valid i following the step below

i) Divide the value of $A[i]$ by 2 untill it will be less than$N$.

ii) then find the difference ($D$) between $N$ and $A[i]$.

iii) the ith element of the output array will be $Dth$ element.  

-----Input:-----
- The first line of the input contains a single integer $T$ denoting the number of test cases. The description of T test cases follows.  
- The first line of each test case contains a single integer $N$.  
- The second line contains $N$ space-separated integers $A1,A2,…,AN$.   

-----Output:-----
- For each testcase, print new array in each line.

-----Constraints-----
- $1 \leq T \leq 1000$
- $1 \leq N \leq 10^5$
- $1\leq A1,A2.....AN \leq 10^7$

-----Sample Input:-----
2

5

2 4 5 7 9

4

5 4 2 3

-----Sample Output:-----
6 11 14 4 2

4 7 6 5

-----EXPLANATION:-----
For 1st test case: A1 = 2+4 =6, A2 = 4+7 =11 , A3 = 5+9 =14 , A4 > N (5) ,So A4/2 = 3 then A4 = A[5 -3] , A4=A[2]=4, And A5 =A[1]=2. Then array becomes 6,11,14,4,2.
user: Chef is good at making pancakes. Generally he gets requests to serve N pancakes at once.
He serves them in the form of a stack.
A pancake can be treated as a circular disk with some radius.
Chef needs to take care that when he places a pancake on the top of the stack the radius of the pancake should not exceed the radius of the largest pancake in the stack by more than 1. 
Additionally all radii should be positive integers, and the bottom most pancake should have its radius as 1.
Chef wants you to find out in how many ways can he create a stack containing N pancakes.
Input
First line of the input contains T (T <= 1000) denoting the number of test cases.
T lines follow each containing a single integer N (1 <= N <= 1000) denoting the size of the required stack.
Output
For each case the output should be a single integer representing the number of ways a stack of size N can be created. As the answer can be large print it modulo 1000000007.
Example
Input
2
1
2

Output
1
2
user: Chef owns an icecream shop in Chefland named scoORZ. There are only three types of coins in Chefland: Rs. 5, Rs. 10 and Rs. 15. An icecream costs Rs. 5.
There are $N$ people (numbered $1$ through $N$) standing in a queue to buy icecream from scoORZ. Each person wants to buy exactly one icecream. For each valid $i$, the $i$-th person has one coin with value $a_i$. It is only possible for someone to buy an icecream when Chef can give them back their change exactly ― for example, if someone pays with a Rs. 10 coin, Chef needs to have a Rs. 5 coin that he gives to this person as change.
Initially, Chef has no money. He wants to know if he can sell icecream to everyone in the queue, in the given order. Since he is busy eating his own icecream, can you tell him if he can serve all these people?

-----Input-----
- The first line of the input contains a single integer $T$ denoting the number of test cases. The description of $T$ test cases follows.
- The first line of each test case contains a single integer $N$.
- The second line contains $N$ space-separated integers $a_1, a_2, \ldots, a_N$.

-----Output-----
For each test case, print a single line containing the string "YES" if all people can be served or "NO" otherwise (without quotes).

-----Constraints-----
- $1 \le T \le 100$
- $1 \le N \le 10^3$
- $a_i \in \{5, 10, 15\}$ for each valid $i$

-----Subtasks-----
Subtask #1 (40 points): $a_i \in \{5, 10\}$ for each valid $i$
Subtask #2 (60 points): original constraints

-----Example Input-----
3
2
5 10
2
10 5
2
5 15

-----Example Output-----
YES
NO
NO

-----Explanation-----
Example case 1: The first person pays with a Rs. 5 coin. The second person pays with a Rs. 10 coin and Chef gives them back the Rs. 5 coin (which he got from the first person) as change.
Example case 2: The first person already cannot buy an icecream because Chef cannot give them back Rs. 5.
Example case 3: The first person pays with a Rs. 5 coin. The second person cannot buy the icecream because Chef has only one Rs. 5 coin, but he needs to give a total of Rs. 10 back as change.
user: Chef Al Gorithm was reading a book about climate and oceans when he encountered the word “glaciological”. He thought it was quite curious, because it has the following interesting property: For every two letters in the word, if the first appears x times and the second appears y times, then |x - y| ≤ 1.
Chef Al was happy about this and called such words 1-good words. He also generalized the concept: He said a word was K-good if for every two letters in the word, if the first appears x times and the second appears y times, then |x - y| ≤ K.
Now, the Chef likes K-good words a lot and so was wondering: Given some word w, how many letters does he have to remove to make it K-good?

-----Input-----
The first line of the input contains an integer T denoting the number of test cases. The description of T test cases follows.
Each test case consists of a single line containing two things: a word w and an integer K, separated by a space.

-----Output-----
For each test case, output a single line containing a single integer: the minimum number of letters he has to remove to make the word K-good.

-----Constraints-----
- 1 ≤ T ≤ 30
- 1 ≤ |w| ≤ 105
- 0 ≤ K ≤ 105
- w contains only lowercase English letters.

-----Example-----
Input:
4
glaciological 1
teammate 0
possessions 3
defenselessness 3

Output:
0
0
1
2

-----Explanation-----
Example case 1. The word “glaciological” is already 1-good, so the Chef doesn't have to remove any letter.
Example case 2. Similarly, “teammate” is already 0-good.
Example case 3. The word “possessions” is 4-good. To make it 3-good, the Chef can remove the last s to make “possession”.
Example case 4. The word “defenselessness” is 4-good. To make it 3-good, Chef Al can remove an s and an e to make, for example, “defenslesness”. Note that the word doesn't have to be a valid English word.
user: There is a task in Among Us in which $N$ temperature scale with unique readings are given and you have to make all of them equal. In one second you can choose an odd number and add or subtract that number in any one temperature value. Find minimum time (in seconds) required to complete the task.
$Note$: Equal value may or may not belong to array.

-----Input:-----
- First line will contain $T$, number of testcases. Then the testcases follow. 
- First line of each testcase contains single integer $N$, the number of temperature scales
- Next line contain $A_i$ for $1 \leq i \leq N$, reading of temperature scales

-----Output:-----
For each testcase, output a single line the time (in seconds) required to complete the task.

-----Constraints-----
- $1 \leq T \leq 10^3$
- $1 \leq N \leq 10^3$
- $0 \leq A_i \leq 10^9$

-----Sample Input:-----
3

5

1 2 3 4 5

4

5 2 3 8

2

50 53  

-----Sample Output:-----
5

4

1 

-----EXPLANATION:-----
- In the $2^{nd}$ test case we need $2$ seconds to change $2$ to $8$ , $1$ second to change $3$ and $5$ to $8$ . So total time required is $2+1+1=4$ seconds.