meetforever/GRPO_CL huggingface dataset:
user: In the game “Simon Says” one person plays the role of Simon, who gives instructions to everyone else playing the game. The tricky part is that if Simon begins his instruction with “Simon says” then everyone else must follow the instruction (or they lose the game); if Simon gives an instruction that does not begin with “Simon says” then everyone is supposed to completely ignore the instruction (or they lose the game)!

Simon tries his or her best to trick the other players into following the wrong instructions. Simon might begin by saying “Simon says touch your nose.” and follow this with “Stop touching your nose.” Anyone who stops touching their nose loses! The last player still remaining, who has correctly followed precisely the instructions that began with “Simon says” (and only these instructions), gets to be Simon next.

As a child, you were horrible at this game. Your older siblings were always able to trick you into following the wrong instructions. Well, you will have the last laugh: now that you are a computer programmer, you can write a computer program that can help you play the game perfectly. You only need to make sure the program is able to determine which instructions to follow and which to ignore.

Are you up to the challenge? Can you craft a computer program that never makes any mistakes in the game? If you can, then surely fame and glory shall come your way for being the most unstoppable player of Simon Says ever!

-----Input-----
Input starts with a line containing an integer $1 \le N \le 1000$. Each of the next $N$ lines is one command, of length at most $100$ characters. Each command is a sequence of one or more words. Each word uses only lower and uppercase characters a–z. Each pair of words is separated by a single space. The command ends in a period.

Some commands begin with “Simon says”, and others may not. The phrase “Simon says” only occurs at the beginning of a command. If a command begins with “Simon says”, there is another space and at least one additional word after “says”. No lines contain leading or trailing space.

-----Output-----
For each line that begins with precisely “Simon says”, output the rest of the line. Each line that does not begin with precisely “Simon says” should be ignored.

-----Examples-----
Sample Input 1:
1
Simon says smile.
Sample Output 1:
 smile.

Sample Input 2:
3
Simon says raise your right hand.
Lower your right hand.
Simon says raise your left hand.
Sample Output 2:
 raise your right hand.
 raise your left hand.
user: We’re working on a new super-computer, built to unleash the hidden computing powers of all eight dimensions of reality. The secret to utilizing more dimensions turns out to be to use counting registers of different sizes. In particular, we have eight registers, counting cyclically modulo the different primes $2$, $3$, $5$, $7$, $11$, $13$, $17$, $19$. A size $p$ register stores a value between $0$ and $p-1$ (inclusive). 

The only operation available is an “increment” operation. When it is performed, the size $2$ register is increased by $1$. If this increment causes overflow (i.e., if the old value was $1$) the value is reset to $0$, and the size $3$ is incremented. If this causes overflow the size $3$ register is reset to $0$ and the size $5$ register is incremented, and so on. If this goes all the way to the last register and the size $19$ register overflows, the computer blows up.

In order not to destroy the computer in testing, we need to build a program to check the safety of doing increment operations before we perform them. Given the current state of the registers, you need to compute how many more operations can safely be performed before the computer blows up.

-----Input-----
The input consists of a single line containing eight integers $v_2$, $v_3$, $v_5$, $v_7$, $v_{11}$, $v_{13}$, $v_{17}$, $v_{19}$ indicating the current values of the registers. The value of the size $p$ register is always between $0$ and $p-1$ (inclusive).

-----Output-----
Ouput a single line containing an integer $N$, the number of additional operations that can be performed without the computer blowing up.

-----Examples-----
Sample Input 1:
0 0 4 6 10 12 16 18
Sample Output 1:
5

Sample Input 2:
1 2 4 6 10 12 16 18
Sample Output 2:
0
user: The famous Jurassic park biologist Dean O’Saur has discovered new samples of what he expects to be the DNA of a dinosaur. With the help of his assistant Petra Dactil, he managed to sequence the samples, and now they are ready for analysis. Dean thinks this dinosaur was affected with a particular disease that mutated the DNA of some cells.

To verify his theory, he needs to compute the most likely evolutionary tree from the samples, where the nodes are the samples of DNA. Because there is no temporal data for the DNA samples, he is not concerned where the root of the tree is.

Dean considers the most likely evolutionary tree, the tree with smallest unlikeliness: the unlikeliness of a tree is defined as the sum of the weights of all edges, where the weight of an edge is the number of positions at which the two DNA strings are different.

As a world expert in data trees, he asks you to reconstruct the most likely evolutionary tree.

In the first sample, the optimal tree is AA - AT - TT - TC . The unlikeliness of the edge between AA and AT edge is $1$, because the strings AA and AT differ in exactly $1$ position. The weights of the other two edges are also $1$, so that the unlikeliness of the entire tree is $3$. Since there is no tree of unlikeliness less than $3$, the minimal unlikeliness of an evolutionary tree for this case is $3$.

-----Input-----
 - The first line consists of two integers $1\leq n\leq 1000$ and $1\leq k\leq 10$, the number of samples and the length of each sample respectively.
 - Each of the next $n$ lines contains a string of length $k$ consisting of the characters in ACTG.

-----Output-----
 - On the first line, print the minimal unlikeliness of the evolutionary tree.
 - Then, print $n-1$ lines, each consisting of two integers $0\leq u,v < n$, indicating that in the most likely evolutionary tree, there is an edge between DNA string $u$ and $v$. If there are multiple answers possible, any of them will be accepted.

-----Examples-----
Sample Input 1:
4 2
AA
AT
TT
TC
Sample Output 1:
3
0 1
1 2
2 3

Sample Input 2:
4 1
A
A
G
T
Sample Output 2:
2
0 1
0 2
0 3
user: Pero is a passionate lover of riddles. The newest type of riddles he has come across requires the solver to check whether the given word is a multigram.

A multigram is a word that consists of concatenating two or more words that are all mutually anagrams. The first of these words is called the root of the multigram. For instance, the word bbabab is a multigram with the root bba because it consists of anagrams bba and bab.

Help Pero solve the riddle by determining whether his word is a multigram and determining its root in case it is. If there are multiple possible roots of the multigram, output the shortest.

Note: Two words are mutually anagrams if one of them can be obtained from the other by changing the letter order.

-----Input-----
The first and only line of input contains a word of length at most $100000$ lowercase English characters.

-----Output-----
If the given word is not a multigram, output -1. Otherwise, output the shortest root of the given word in one line.

-----Examples-----
Sample Input 1:
aaaa
Sample Output 1:
a

Sample Input 2:
ab
Sample Output 2:
-1
user: Dr. Chaz is hosting a programming contest wrap up dinner. Dr. Chaz has severe OCD and is very strict on rules during dinner, specifically, he needs to be sure that everyone take exactly $1$ piece of chicken at his buffet, even if that will result in an enormous amount of leftovers. This is why every year before the dinner, Dr. Chaz would give a powerful speech: “Everyone, one chicken per person!”

However, Dr. Chaz does not always have an idea how many pieces of chicken he needs, he believes if there are $N$ people at the buffet and everyone takes exactly $1$ piece of chicken, providing $M$ pieces of chicken will be perfect, i.e., is enough and will have no leftovers. Help Dr. Chaz find out whether his decision is good or not!

-----Input-----
The first line contain integers $0\leq N\leq 1000$, $0\leq M\leq 1000$, $N\neq M$ , the number of people at the buffet and the number of pieces of chicken Dr. Chaz is providing.

-----Output-----
Output a single line of the form “Dr. Chaz will have $P$ piece[s] of chicken left over!”, if Dr. Chaz has enough chicken and $P$ pieces of chicken will be left over, or “Dr. Chaz needs $Q$ more piece[s] of chicken!” if Dr. Chaz does not have enough pieces of chicken and needs $Q$ more.

-----Examples-----
Sample Input 1:
20 100
Sample Output 1:
Dr. Chaz will have 80 pieces of chicken left over!

Sample Input 2:
2 3
Sample Output 2:
Dr. Chaz will have 1 piece of chicken left over!
user: It’s that time of the year when students head back to school, which will usually involve moving lots of stuff, and packing lots of that stuff into boxes. However, before we go through that effort, it would be nice to know whether the boxes we have are the right size!

A box has three dimensions, $l$, $w$, and $h$, and a box’s volume $v$ is simply $l\cdot w \cdot h$. We have many small items to pack, and we don’t care about their exact geometry: we know that, as long as a box has a volume of, at least, $\mathbf{V}$, we will be able to pack all those items into that single box. So, given a box $i$, and its volume $v_ i$, then the difference $d_ i=v_ i-\mathbf{V}$ can tell us whether the box is big enough or not to pack all the items. If $d_ i$ is greater than or equal to zero, the box is big enough; otherwise, the box is too small.

So, we want to answer a simple question: given multiple boxes, is the largest box (by volume) large enough to store all our items? For example, suppose $\mathbf{V}=10$ and we have three boxes, $A$, $B$, and $C$, with dimensions $(1,1,2)$, $(2,2,2)$, and $(3,2,1)$, respectively. Their volumes will be $v_ A=2$, $v_ B=8$, and $v_ C=6$, which means the largest box is $B$. Unfortunately, $d_ B=v_ B-\mathbf{V}=8-10=-2$, which means our largest box is not large enough.

On the other hand, suppose $\mathbf{V}=980$, and we had four boxes, $W$, $X$, $Y$, and $Z$ with dimensions $(10,10,10)$, $(10,5,2)$, $(5,3,2)$, and $(90,5,2)$, respectively. Their volumes will be $v_ W=1000$, $v_ X=100$, $v_ Y=30$ and $v_ Z=900$, making $W$ the largest box and, since $d_ W=v_ W-\mathbf{V}=1000-980=20$, that means $W$ is big enough for all our items.

-----Input-----
The input specifies a set of boxes. It begins with a line containing two integers: $n$ ($1 \le n \le 100$), specifying the number of boxes, and $\mathbf{V}$, as defined above. The remaining input is composed of $n$ lines, each specifying one box. Each line contains the dimensions $l$, $w$, and $h$ for the box. You may assume that $1 \leqslant l, w, h, \mathbf{V} < 2^{32}$. You may also assume that, for any given box $i$, its volume $v_ i$ will always be less than $2^{32}$

-----Output-----
The output is a single integer: the value of $d_ i$ for the largest box by volume.

-----Examples-----
Sample Input 1:
3 10
1 1 2
2 2 2
3 2 1
Sample Output 1:
-2

Sample Input 2:
3 30
1 1 1
5 2 3
5 2 1
Sample Output 2:
0
user: Little Ivica solves crossword puzzles every day. In case you haven’t seen one, a crossword puzzle starts on a grid of $R \times C$ squares, each of which is either empty or blocked. The player’s task is to write words in consecutive empty squares vertically (top down) or horizontally (left to right).

Ivica’s sister has a strange habit of looking at crosswords Ivica has finished solving, and finding the lexicographically smallest word in it. She only considers words at least $2$ characters long.

Write a program that, given a crossword puzzle, finds that word.

-----Input-----
The first line contains two integers $R$ and $C$ ($2 \le R, C \le 20$), the number of rows and columns in the crosswords.

Each of the following $R$ lines contains a string of $C$ characters. Each of those characters is either a lowercase letter of the English alphabet, or the character ‘#’ representing a blocked square.

The input will be such that a solution will always exist.

-----Output-----
Output the lexicographically smallest word in the crossword.

-----Examples-----
Sample Input 1:
4 4
luka
o#a#
kula
i#a#
Sample Output 1:
kala

Sample Input 2:
4 4
luka
o#a#
kula
i#as
Sample Output 2:
as
user: One of our older Mars Rovers has nearly completed its tour of duty and is awaiting instructions for one last mission to explore the Martian surface. The survey team has picked a route and has entrusted you with the job of transmitting the final set of instructions to the rover. This route is simply a sequence of moves in the cardinal directions: North, South, East, and West. These instructions can be sent using a string of corresponding characters: N, S, E, and W. However, receiving the signal drains the rover’s power supply, which is already dangerously low. Fortunately, the rover’s creators built in the ability for you to optionally define a single “macro” that can be used if the route has a lot of repetition. More concretely, to send a message with a macro, two strings are sent. The first is over the characters {N,S,E,W,M} and the second is over {N,S,E,W}. The first string represents a sequence of moves and calls to a macro (M), while the second string determines what the macro expands out to. For example:WNMWMME

 EEN

is an encoding ofWNEENWEENEENE

Notice that the version with macros requires only $10$ characters, whereas the original requires $13$.

Given a route, determine the minimum number of characters needed to transmit it to the rover.

-----Input-----
Input consists of a single line containing a non-empty string made up of the letters N, S, E, and W representing the route to transmit to the rover. The maximum length of the string is $100$.

-----Input-----
Display the minimum number of characters needed to encode the route.

-----Examples-----
Sample Input 1:
WNEENWEENEENE
Sample Output 1:
10

Sample Input 2:
NSEW
Sample Output 2:
4
user: The scientists Mildra and Gloisa have been responsible for exploring Luyten 726-8, but have ended up with an issue: Their fusion reactor has stopped working! In order to continue their work, they need to get some materials from the closest asteroid. To do that though, they need to start up the chemical engines, which haven’t been started for multiple centuries.

Gloisa has been reading the manual for the last three weeks, and is almost able to start it up. However, there is one equation she needs that has some operators smudged out. That equation is\[ a~ ?~ b~ =~ c~ ?~ d \]

where the question marks are the unknown operators. So far, Gloisa has only managed to narrow the operators down to $+$, $-$, $*$ and $/$ (integer division).

Although there may be multiple valid sets of operators for this equation, Mildra wants to help out by making a program that narrows the possibility space for Gloisa.

-----Input-----
The first line and only line consist of $4$ integers, $a$, $b$, $c$ and $d$, the values in the expression above.

-----Output-----
Print out all the expressions that evaluate to true, separated by a newline and sorted alphanumerically. ($\texttt{`*'} < \texttt{`+'} < \texttt{`-'} < \texttt{`/'}$)

A valid expression must have a space between the integers, operators and the equal sign. Note that expression including division by zero is not a valid expression.

If none of the expressions are valid, print out “problems ahead” (without the quotes).

-----Limits-----
 - $0 \leq a,b,c,d \leq 100$

-----Examples-----
Sample Input 1:
1 2 3 4
Sample Output 1:
1 - 2 = 3 - 4
1 / 2 = 3 / 4

Sample Input 2:
0 4 2 2
Sample Output 2:
0 * 4 = 2 - 2
0 + 4 = 2 * 2
0 + 4 = 2 + 2
0 / 4 = 2 - 2
user: Since ACTA has entered into force, Slavko has been spending his time offline, solving crosswords. Having solved almost all that he could get his hands on, he wants to make a few crosswords of his own. However, he is too sloppy for such fine work, so he has asked you to help him generate the crosswords.

You are given two words, $A$ and $B$. The word $A$ must be output horizontally, and the word $B$ vertically, so that the two words cross (i.e., share exactly one letter). The shared letter must be the first letter in $A$ that is also contained in $B$, more specifically the first occurrence of that letter in each word.

For example, given the words $A = \texttt{ABBA}$ and $B = \texttt{CCBB}$, you need to output $4$ lines as shown below:

.C..
.C..
ABBA
.B..


-----Input-----
The first and only line of input contains two words, $A$ and $B$, not more than $30$ characters long, separated by a single space. Both words will contain only uppercase English letters. There will be at least one letter contained in both words.

-----Output-----
Let $N$ be the length of word $A$, and $M$ the length of word $B$. The output must contain $M$ lines, each containing $N$ characters. The character grid must contain the two words crossed as described above. All other characters in the grid must be periods (the character “.”, without quotes), thus padding all lines to the length of $N$ characters.

-----Examples-----
Sample Input 1:
BANANA PIDZAMA
Sample Output 1:
.P....
.I....
.D....
.Z....
BANANA
.M....
.A....

Sample Input 2:
MAMA TATA
Sample Output 2:
.T..
MAMA
.T..
.A..
user: Do you know what attracts almost any college student to participate in an event? Yes, free food. It doesn’t matter whether the event involves a long (sometimes boring) seminar. As long as free food is served for the event, then students will surely come.

Suppose there are $N$ events to be held this year. The $i^\textrm {th}$ event is scheduled from day $s_ i$ to day $t_ i$, and free food is served for that event every day from day $s_ i$ to day $t_ i$ (inclusive). Your task in this problem is to find out how many days there are in which free food is served by at least one event.

For example, let there be $N = 3$ events. The first event is held from day $10$ to $14$, the second event is held from day $13$ to $17$, and the third event is held from day $25$ to $26$. The days in which free food is served by at least one event are $10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 25, 26$, for a total of $10$ days. Note that both events serve free food on days $13$ and $14$.

-----Input-----
The first line contains an integer $N$ ($1 \le N \le 100$) denoting the number of events. Each of the next $N$ lines contains two integers $s_ i$ and $t_ i$ ($1 \le s_ i \le t_ i \le 365$) denoting that the $i^\textrm {th}$ event will be held from $s_ i$ to $t_ i$ (inclusive), and free food is served for all of those days.

-----Output-----
The output contains an integer denoting the number of days in which free food is served by at least one event.

-----Examples-----
Sample Input 1:
3
10 14
13 17
25 26
Sample Output 1:
10

Sample Input 2:
2
1 365
20 28
Sample Output 2:
365
user: One day, little Mirko came across a funny looking machine! It consisted of a very very large screen and a single button. When he found the machine, the screen displayed only the letter A. After he pressed the button, the letter changed to B. The next few times he pressed the button, the word transformed from B to BA, then to BAB, then to BABBA... When he saw this, Mirko realized that the machine alters the word in a way that all the letters B get transformed to BA and all the letters A get transformed to B.

Amused by the machine, Mirko asked you a very difficult question! After $K$ times of pressing the button, how many letters A and how much letters B will be displayed on the screen?

-----Input-----
The first line of input contains the integer $K$ ($1 \leq K \leq 45$), the number of times Mirko pressed the button.

-----Output-----
The first and only line of output must contain two space-separated integers, the number of letters A and the number of letter B.

-----Examples-----
Sample Input 1:
1
Sample Output 1:
0 1

Sample Input 2:
4
Sample Output 2:
2 3
user: The Bureau for Artificial Problems in Competitions wants you to solve the following problem: Given $n$ positive integers $a_1, \dots , a_ n$, what is the maximal value of\[ \left(a_1^2 + \dots + a_ k^2\right) \cdot \left(a_{k+1} + \dots + a_ n\right)? \]

-----Input-----
 - A single line containing an integer $2\leq n\leq 10^6$.
 - Then follow $n$ lines, the $i$th of which contains the integer $1 \leq a_ i \leq 100$.

-----Output-----
Output the maximal value of the given expression.

-----Examples-----
Sample Input 1:
5
2
1
4
3
5
Sample Output 1:
168

Sample Input 2:
2
1
1
Sample Output 2:
1
user: When moving, ants form rows so that each ant except the first is behind another ant. It is not widely known what happens when two rows of ants moving in opposite directions run into each other in a passage too narrow for both rows to pass through. One theory says that, in that situation, ants will jump over each other.

From the moment the rows meet, each second every ant jumps over (or gets jumped over, as they agree upon) the ant in front of himself so that the two ants swap places, but only if the other ant is moving in the opposite direction. Find the order of the ants after $T$ seconds.

-----Input-----
The first line contains two integers $N_1$ and $N_2$, the numbers of ants in the first and second rows, respectively.

The next two rows contain the orders of ants in the first and second row (first to last). Each ant is uniquely determined by an uppercase letter of the English alphabet (this letter is unique between both rows).

The last line of input contains the integer $T$ $(0 \leq T \leq 50)$.

-----Output-----
Output the order of the ants after $T$ seconds on a single line. Our viewpoint is such that the first row of ants comes from our left side and the other one from our right side.

-----Examples-----
Sample Input 1:
3 3
ABC
DEF
0
Sample Output 1:
CBADEF

Sample Input 2:
3 3
ABC
DEF
2
Sample Output 2:
CDBEAF