Module: Mathlib.LinearAlgebra.FreeModule.Finite.CardQuotient

Goal state before:
pp: case calc_1
M : Type u_1
inst✝⁴ : AddCommGroup M
inst✝³ : Free ℤ M
inst✝² : Module.Finite ℤ M
N : Submodule ℤ M
E : Type u_2
inst✝¹ : EquivLike E M ↥N
inst✝ : AddEquivClass E M ↥N
e : E
b : Basis (Free.ChooseBasisIndex ℤ M) ℤ M := Free.chooseBasis ℤ M
h : finrank ℤ ↥N = finrank ℤ M
a : Free.ChooseBasisIndex ℤ M → ℤ := smithNormalFormCoeffs b h
b' : Basis (Free.ChooseBasisIndex ℤ M) ℤ M := smithNormalFormTopBasis b h
ab : Basis (Free.ChooseBasisIndex ℤ M) ℤ ↥N := smithNormalFormBotBasis b h
ab_eq :
  ∀ (i : Free.ChooseBasisIndex ℤ M),
    ↑((smithNormalFormBotBasis b h) i) = smithNormalFormCoeffs b h i • (smithNormalFormTopBasis b h) i
e' : M ≃ₗ[ℤ] ↥N := b'.equiv ab (Equiv.refl (Free.ChooseBasisIndex ℤ M))
f : M →ₗ[ℤ] M := N.subtype ∘ₗ ↑e'
f_apply : ∀ (x : M), f x = ↑((b'.equiv ab (Equiv.refl (Free.ChooseBasisIndex ℤ M))) x) := fun x ↦ rfl
ha : ∀ (i : Free.ChooseBasisIndex ℤ M), f (b' i) = a i • b' i
⊢ ((LinearMap.toMatrix b' b') f).det.natAbs = (Matrix.diagonal a).det.natAbs

pp: case calc_2
M : Type u_1
inst✝⁴ : AddCommGroup M
inst✝³ : Free ℤ M
inst✝² : Module.Finite ℤ M
N : Submodule ℤ M
E : Type u_2
inst✝¹ : EquivLike E M ↥N
inst✝ : AddEquivClass E M ↥N
e : E
b : Basis (Free.ChooseBasisIndex ℤ M) ℤ M := Free.chooseBasis ℤ M
h : finrank ℤ ↥N = finrank ℤ M
a : Free.ChooseBasisIndex ℤ M → ℤ := smithNormalFormCoeffs b h
b' : Basis (Free.ChooseBasisIndex ℤ M) ℤ M := smithNormalFormTopBasis b h
ab : Basis (Free.ChooseBasisIndex ℤ M) ℤ ↥N := smithNormalFormBotBasis b h
ab_eq :
  ∀ (i : Free.ChooseBasisIndex ℤ M),
    ↑((smithNormalFormBotBasis b h) i) = smithNormalFormCoeffs b h i • (smithNormalFormTopBasis b h) i
e' : M ≃ₗ[ℤ] ↥N := b'.equiv ab (Equiv.refl (Free.ChooseBasisIndex ℤ M))
f : M →ₗ[ℤ] M := N.subtype ∘ₗ ↑e'
f_apply : ∀ (x : M), f x = ↑((b'.equiv ab (Equiv.refl (Free.ChooseBasisIndex ℤ M))) x) := fun x ↦ rfl
ha : ∀ (i : Free.ChooseBasisIndex ℤ M), f (b' i) = a i • b' i
⊢ ∏ i, (a i).natAbs = Nat.card (M ⧸ N)

Tactic:
· congr 2; ext i j
    rw [LinearMap.toMatrix_apply, ha, map_smul, Basis.repr_self, Finsupp.smul_single,
      smul_eq_mul, mul_one]
    by_cases h : i = j
    · rw [h, Matrix.diagonal_apply_eq, Finsupp.single_eq_same]
    · rw [Matrix.diagonal_apply_ne _ h, Finsupp.single_eq_of_ne h]

Goal state after:
case calc_2
M : Type u_1
inst✝⁴ : AddCommGroup M
inst✝³ : Free ℤ M
inst✝² : Module.Finite ℤ M
N : Submodule ℤ M
E : Type u_2
inst✝¹ : EquivLike E M ↥N
inst✝ : AddEquivClass E M ↥N
e : E
b : Basis (Free.ChooseBasisIndex ℤ M) ℤ M := Free.chooseBasis ℤ M
h : finrank ℤ ↥N = finrank ℤ M
a : Free.ChooseBasisIndex ℤ M → ℤ := smithNormalFormCoeffs b h
b' : Basis (Free.ChooseBasisIndex ℤ M) ℤ M := smithNormalFormTopBasis b h
ab : Basis (Free.ChooseBasisIndex ℤ M) ℤ ↥N := smithNormalFormBotBasis b h
ab_eq :
  ∀ (i : Free.ChooseBasisIndex ℤ M),
    ↑((smithNormalFormBotBasis b h) i) = smithNormalFormCoeffs b h i • (smithNormalFormTopBasis b h) i
e' : M ≃ₗ[ℤ] ↥N := b'.equiv ab (Equiv.refl (Free.ChooseBasisIndex ℤ M))
f : M →ₗ[ℤ] M := N.subtype ∘ₗ ↑e'
f_apply : ∀ (x : M), f x = ↑((b'.equiv ab (Equiv.refl (Free.ChooseBasisIndex ℤ M))) x) := fun x ↦ rfl
ha : ∀ (i : Free.ChooseBasisIndex ℤ M), f (b' i) = a i • b' i
⊢ ∏ i, (a i).natAbs = Nat.card (M ⧸ N)