Module: Mathlib.RingTheory.Nilpotent.Exp

Goal state before:
pp: case h
A : Type u_1
inst✝¹ : Ring A
inst✝ : Module ℚ A
a b : A
h₁ : Commute a b
n₁ : ℕ
hn₁ : a ^ n₁ = 0
n₂ : ℕ
hn₂ : b ^ n₂ = 0
N : ℕ := ⋯
h₄ : a ^ (N + 1) = 0
h₅ : b ^ (N + 1) = 0
R2N : Finset ℕ := ⋯
hR2N : R2N = range (2 * N + 1)
RN : Finset ℕ := ⋯
hRN : RN = range (N + 1)
s₁ :
  ∑ i ∈ R2N, (↑i !)⁻¹ • (a + b) ^ i =
    ∑ x ∈ R2N ×ˢ R2N with x.1 ≤ N ∧ x.2 ≤ N, ((↑x.1!)⁻¹ * (↑x.2!)⁻¹) • (a ^ x.1 * b ^ x.2)
z₁ : ∑ ij ∈ R2N ×ˢ R2N with ¬ij.1 + ij.2 ≤ 2 * N, ((↑ij.1!)⁻¹ * (↑ij.2!)⁻¹) • (a ^ ij.1 * b ^ ij.2) = 0
split₁ :
  ∑ x ∈ R2N ×ˢ R2N with x.1 + x.2 ≤ 2 * N, ((↑x.1!)⁻¹ * (↑x.2!)⁻¹) • (a ^ x.1 * b ^ x.2) =
    ∑ x ∈ R2N ×ˢ R2N, ((↑x.1!)⁻¹ * (↑x.2!)⁻¹) • (a ^ x.1 * b ^ x.2)
z₂ : ∑ ij ∈ R2N ×ˢ R2N with ¬(ij.1 ≤ N ∧ ij.2 ≤ N), ((↑ij.1!)⁻¹ * (↑ij.2!)⁻¹) • (a ^ ij.1 * b ^ ij.2) = 0
split₂ :
  ∑ x ∈ R2N ×ˢ R2N with x.1 ≤ N ∧ x.2 ≤ N, ((↑x.1!)⁻¹ * (↑x.2!)⁻¹) • (a ^ x.1 * b ^ x.2) =
    ∑ x ∈ R2N ×ˢ R2N, ((↑x.1!)⁻¹ * (↑x.2!)⁻¹) • (a ^ x.1 * b ^ x.2)
⊢ {ij ∈ R2N ×ˢ R2N | ij.1 ≤ N ∧ ij.2 ≤ N} = RN ×ˢ RN

pp: case a
A : Type u_1
inst✝¹ : Ring A
inst✝ : Module ℚ A
a b : A
h₁ : Commute a b
n₁ : ℕ
hn₁ : a ^ n₁ = 0
n₂ : ℕ
hn₂ : b ^ n₂ = 0
N : ℕ := ⋯
h₄ : a ^ (N + 1) = 0
h₅ : b ^ (N + 1) = 0
R2N : Finset ℕ := ⋯
hR2N : R2N = range (2 * N + 1)
RN : Finset ℕ := ⋯
hRN : RN = range (N + 1)
s₁ :
  ∑ i ∈ R2N, (↑i !)⁻¹ • (a + b) ^ i =
    ∑ x ∈ R2N ×ˢ R2N with x.1 ≤ N ∧ x.2 ≤ N, ((↑x.1!)⁻¹ * (↑x.2!)⁻¹) • (a ^ x.1 * b ^ x.2)
z₁ : ∑ ij ∈ R2N ×ˢ R2N with ¬ij.1 + ij.2 ≤ 2 * N, ((↑ij.1!)⁻¹ * (↑ij.2!)⁻¹) • (a ^ ij.1 * b ^ ij.2) = 0
split₁ :
  ∑ x ∈ R2N ×ˢ R2N with x.1 + x.2 ≤ 2 * N, ((↑x.1!)⁻¹ * (↑x.2!)⁻¹) • (a ^ x.1 * b ^ x.2) =
    ∑ x ∈ R2N ×ˢ R2N, ((↑x.1!)⁻¹ * (↑x.2!)⁻¹) • (a ^ x.1 * b ^ x.2)
z₂ : ∑ ij ∈ R2N ×ˢ R2N with ¬(ij.1 ≤ N ∧ ij.2 ≤ N), ((↑ij.1!)⁻¹ * (↑ij.2!)⁻¹) • (a ^ ij.1 * b ^ ij.2) = 0
split₂ :
  ∑ x ∈ R2N ×ˢ R2N with x.1 ≤ N ∧ x.2 ≤ N, ((↑x.1!)⁻¹ * (↑x.2!)⁻¹) • (a ^ x.1 * b ^ x.2) =
    ∑ x ∈ R2N ×ˢ R2N, ((↑x.1!)⁻¹ * (↑x.2!)⁻¹) • (a ^ x.1 * b ^ x.2)
⊢ ∀ x ∈ RN ×ˢ RN, ((↑x.1!)⁻¹ * (↑x.2!)⁻¹) • (a ^ x.1 * b ^ x.2) = ((↑x.1!)⁻¹ * (↑x.2!)⁻¹) • (a ^ x.1 * b ^ x.2)

Tactic:
· ext x
      simp only [mem_filter, mem_product, mem_range, hR2N, hRN]
      lia

Goal state after:
case a
A : Type u_1
inst✝¹ : Ring A
inst✝ : Module ℚ A
a b : A
h₁ : Commute a b
n₁ : ℕ
hn₁ : a ^ n₁ = 0
n₂ : ℕ
hn₂ : b ^ n₂ = 0
N : ℕ := ⋯
h₄ : a ^ (N + 1) = 0
h₅ : b ^ (N + 1) = 0
R2N : Finset ℕ := ⋯
hR2N : R2N = range (2 * N + 1)
RN : Finset ℕ := ⋯
hRN : RN = range (N + 1)
s₁ :
  ∑ i ∈ R2N, (↑i !)⁻¹ • (a + b) ^ i =
    ∑ x ∈ R2N ×ˢ R2N with x.1 ≤ N ∧ x.2 ≤ N, ((↑x.1!)⁻¹ * (↑x.2!)⁻¹) • (a ^ x.1 * b ^ x.2)
z₁ : ∑ ij ∈ R2N ×ˢ R2N with ¬ij.1 + ij.2 ≤ 2 * N, ((↑ij.1!)⁻¹ * (↑ij.2!)⁻¹) • (a ^ ij.1 * b ^ ij.2) = 0
split₁ :
  ∑ x ∈ R2N ×ˢ R2N with x.1 + x.2 ≤ 2 * N, ((↑x.1!)⁻¹ * (↑x.2!)⁻¹) • (a ^ x.1 * b ^ x.2) =
    ∑ x ∈ R2N ×ˢ R2N, ((↑x.1!)⁻¹ * (↑x.2!)⁻¹) • (a ^ x.1 * b ^ x.2)
z₂ : ∑ ij ∈ R2N ×ˢ R2N with ¬(ij.1 ≤ N ∧ ij.2 ≤ N), ((↑ij.1!)⁻¹ * (↑ij.2!)⁻¹) • (a ^ ij.1 * b ^ ij.2) = 0
split₂ :
  ∑ x ∈ R2N ×ˢ R2N with x.1 ≤ N ∧ x.2 ≤ N, ((↑x.1!)⁻¹ * (↑x.2!)⁻¹) • (a ^ x.1 * b ^ x.2) =
    ∑ x ∈ R2N ×ˢ R2N, ((↑x.1!)⁻¹ * (↑x.2!)⁻¹) • (a ^ x.1 * b ^ x.2)
⊢ ∀ x ∈ RN ×ˢ RN, ((↑x.1!)⁻¹ * (↑x.2!)⁻¹) • (a ^ x.1 * b ^ x.2) = ((↑x.1!)⁻¹ * (↑x.2!)⁻¹) • (a ^ x.1 * b ^ x.2)