Abstract:
What is described herein are antimicrobial compositions which are defined blends of a 1,2-diol and phenoxyethanol which show broad activity against bacteria, fungi and mold spores. This activity is potentiated by the addition thereto of small amounts of a co-biocide for which the blend acts as a delivery system for the otherwise water-insoluble co-biocide.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION  
       [0001]     1. Field of the Invention  
         [0002]     This invention relates to antimicrobial compositions, and, more particularly, to a defined blend of a 1,2-diol and phenoxyethanol, optionally with a co-biocide, which compositions show broad activity against bacteria, fungi and mold spores.  
         [0003]     2. Description of the Prior Art  
         [0004]     Personal care products come in many different forms. They include creams, lotions, pastes, liquids, aerosols, shampoos, gels, wipes, bats, sticks, powders and granules any or all of which are intended for topical application to the skin including the scalp and the mucosa including the lips.  
         [0005]     The products are generally designed to have a substantial shelf life. The products need to be manufactured at one site, transported possibly over a considerable distance to a depot or other storage facility prior to further transport to a point of sale. The product may then spend considerable time on a retailer&#39;s shelf prior to purchase and further storage by the user whether for individual use or use in, for example, a hotel, workplace, institution or the like. All of such storage will take place under uncontrolled conditions including considerable variation in temperature.  
         [0006]     In order to keep bacterial and fungal growth in such products at an acceptable level it is conventional practice for the products to contain a preservative. Many preservatives are available. The appropriate preservative has to be selected with regard to its efficacy and its acceptability to contact with human or animal skin. With regard to its acceptability there are in many countries laws and regulations governing the maximum permitted content of preservative in products intended for human use due to their possible toxic or otherwise harmful effect.  
         [0007]     The need to control microbiological growth in personal care products is known to be particularly acute in water based products such as non-ionic oil-in-water emulsions and in pre-impregnated wipes such as baby wipes.  
         [0008]     For example, U.S. Pat. No. 6,607,738 described a preservative system of iodopropynyl butyl carbamate (IPBC) and phenoxyethanol (PE) in a weight ratio of 1:90 to 1:400 for use in personal care products.  
         [0009]     U.S. Pat. No. 5,516,510 also disclosed deodorizing active ingredients to reduce the unpleasant odor caused by microorganisms which comprised a glycerin monoalkyl ether in combination with an astringent and/or a naturally occurring deodorant.  
         [0010]     EP 1206933 described a preservative composition of caprlyl glycol (1,2-octanediol) and iodopropynyl butyl carbamate in a weight ratio of 0.1 to 500.  
         [0011]     U.S. Pat. No. 5,733,362 was directed to a bacterial composition of 2-methyl-4,5-trimethylene-4-isothiazoline-3-on; 3-iodo-2-propynyl butyl carbamate and 2-phenoxyethanol.  
         [0012]     EP 1238651 described that the activity of preservative mixtures of iodopropynyl butyl carbamate and phenoxyethanol, in a weight ratio of 1:90 to 1:200, preferably 1:100, can be potentiated by adding caprylyl glycol thereto, in a weight ratio of the latter to the mixture of 0.1 to 500, preferably 1:55., Thus the formulation of caprylyl glycol, iodopropynyl butyl carbamate and phenoxyethanol had weight ratios of each of 55:1:100 to 200:1:400, respectively. The personal care formulations contained 0.1-30% caprylyl glycol, preferably 0.5%; with 0.001-1% IPBC, preferably 0.001-0.01%; and with phenoxyethanol of 0.1-3%, preferably 0.5-1%.  
         [0013]     JP Application No. 11045504 described an antiseptic microbicide and compositions thereof which contained a 1,2-alkane diol. These compositions effectively reduced the required dosage of conventional antiseptic microbicides such as paraben, benzoic acid and the like. The 1,2-alkane diol therein could be blended with a photosensitizer, benzoic acid or its salt, phenoxyethanol or 4-isopropyl-3-methylphenol. However, there was no disclosure of suitable blends of 1,2-alkane diol and phenoxyethanol at predetermined weight ratios and HLB values, which could deliver water insoluble biocides such as IPBC into aqueous personal care systems at a relatively high concentration of such biocides.  
         [0014]     These and other prior art references in this field were concerned with the problem that many are antibacterials such as IPBC have limited aqueous solubility inpersonal care systems; particularly at the high concentrations necessary for effective antimicrobial activity. Thus, at very low concentrations they remain in solution but do not contribute as much activity as desired for these products.  
         [0015]     Accordingly, it is desired to provide a blend of 1,2-diol and phenoxyethanol at a predetermined ratio and HLB value which can deliver water insoluble biocides into an aqueous personal care system at relatively high concentrations thereby providing more effective preservative activity in such systems.  
       SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION  
       [0016]     What is described herein is an antimicrobial composition which is active against bacteria, yeast and mold spores, consisting essentially of, by wt.  
         [0017]     (a) 40-60% of a 1,2-diol selected from the group consisting of 1,2-pentanediol, 1,2-hexanediol and 1,2-octanediol;  
         [0018]     (b) 40-60% of phenoxyethanol; and  
         [0019]     (c) 0-10% of a co-biocide selected from the group consisting of sorbic acid, benzoic acid, dibromodicyanobutane, iodopropynyl butyl carbamate and 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one.  
         [0020]     A preferred antimicrobial composition of the invention includes (c) sorbic acid and/or 1% iodopropynyl butyl carbamate.  
         [0021]     Most preferred antimicrobial compositions herein are those wherein (a) is about 44% and (b) is about 56%.  
         [0022]     Also preferred are antimicrobial compositions wherein (c) is sorbic acid present in an amount of about 5-7% of the composition, or IPBC present in an amount of 1.25-1.50%.  
         [0023]     Preferred antimicrobial compositions of the invention include those wherein (a) is 41-42%, (b) is 52-53%; and (c) is sorbic acid 5-7%; and (a) is 43.3; (b) is 55.3; and (c) is IPBC 1.4%.  
         [0024]     The invention also encompasses personal care products which include the antimicrobial composition described above, preferably wherein the antibacterial composition is present in an amount of 0.1-2% by weight of the product, most preferably 0.5-1.5%. 
     
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION  
       [0025]     In accordance with the invention, there is provided herein an antimicrobial composition which is active against bacteria, yeast and mold spores, consisting essentially of, by wt.  
         [0026]     (a) 40-60% of a 1,2-diol selected from the group consisting of 1,2-pentanediol, 1,2-hexanediol and 1,2-octanediol;  
         [0027]     (b) 40-60% of phenoxyethanol; and  
         [0028]     (c) 0-10% of a co-biocide selected from the group consisting of sorbic acid, benzoic acid, dibromodicyanobutane, iodopropynyl butyl carbamate and 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one.  
         [0029]     Preferably the antimicrobial composition includes (c) sorbic acid and/or 1% iodopropynyl butyl carbamate.  
         [0030]     Most preferably, the antimicrobial composition includes (a) about 44% and (b) about 56%, and, optionally, (c) is sorbic acid, present in an amount of about 5-7% of the composition, or (c) is IPBC present in an amount of 1.25-1.50%.  
         [0031]     Most preferably, it is an antimicrobial composition wherein (a) is 41-42%, (b) is 52-53%; and (c) is sorbic acid 5-7%; most preferably, wherein (a) is 43.3; (b) is 55.3; and (c) is IPBC 1.4%.  
         [0032]     Personal care products particularly utilize the antimicrobial composition, preferably, wherein the antibacterial composition is present in an amount of 0.1-2% by weight of the product, most preferably, 0.5-1.5%.  
         [0033]     The invention will now be described in more detail by the following challenge test examples on the invention formulations.  
       EXAMPLE 1  
       [0000]     Antimicrobial:  
         [0034]     1,2-Octanediol/Phenoxyethanol (40/60 wt. Ratio)  
         [0000]     Product Base:  
         [0035]     Screening Emulsion (Standard Emulsion)  
                                                                                                                                                       REINOCULUM       TEST ORGANISMS   INOCULUM (0 hours)   (21 days)                 Staph aureus  6538   1.9 × 10 6  cfu/ml   1.2 × 10 6  cfu/ml         E. coli  8739   4.6 × 10 6  cfu/ml   2.1 × 10 6  cfu/ml         P. aeruginosa  9027   1.7 × 10 6  cfu/ml   2.1 × 10 6  cfu/ml         B. cepacia  25416   2.5 × 10 6  cfu/ml   2.0 × 10 6  cfu/ml         C. albicans  10231   2.7 × 10 6  cfu/ml   9.0 × 10 5  cfu/ml         A. niger  16404   3.0 × 10 5  cfu/ml   1.0 × 10 5  cfu/ml                        ASSAY INTERVALS            TEST ORGANISMS   48 HRS   7 D   14 D   21 D   28 D                    USE LEVEL: 0.5%              Staph. aureus  6538   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         E. coli  8739   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         P. aeruginosa  9027   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         B. cepacia  25416   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         C. albicans  10231   2.2E5   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         A. niger  16404   5.5E5   2E4   3.8E2   6E1   6.6E3            USE LEVEL: 1.0%              Staph. aureus  6538   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         E. coli  8739   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         P. aeruginosa  9027   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         B. cepacia  25416   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         C. albicans  10231   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         A. niger  16404   1.4E5   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10                  
 
       EXAMPLE 2  
       [0000]     Antimicrobial:  
         [0036]     1,2-Octanediol/Phenoxyethanol (40/60)  
         [0000]     Product Base:  
         [0037]     Nonionic emulsion  
                                                                                                                                                       REINOCULUM       TEST ORGANISMS   INOCULUM (0 hours)   (21 days)                 Staph aureus  6538   1.3 × 10 6  cfu/ml   8.0 × 10 6  cfu/ml         E. coli  8739   3.9 × 10 6  cfu/ml   4.8 × 10 6  cfu/ml         P. aeruginosa  9027   2.5 × 10 6  cfu/ml   4.7 × 10 6  cfu/ml         B. cepacia  25416   1.5 × 10 6  cfu/ml   1.0 × 10 6  cfu/ml         C. albicans  10231   3.2 × 10 6  cfu/ml   1.6 × 10 6  cfu/ml         A. niger  16404   4.0 × 10 5  cfu/ml   2.6 × 10 5  cfu/ml                        ASSAY INTERVALS            TEST ORGANISMS   48 HRS   7 D   14 D   21 D   28 D                    USE LEVEL: 0.5%              Staph. aureus  6538   1.4E5   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         E. coli  8739   6.6E3   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         P. aeruginosa  9027   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         B. cepacia  25416   4.0E4   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         C. albicans  10231    &gt;1E6   8.1E5   5.2E4   &lt;10    &gt;1E4         A. niger  16404   5.9E5   1.9E5   3.5E4   1.2E4   6.9E5             USE LEVEL: 1.0%              Staph. aureus  6538   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         E. coli  8739   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         P. aeruginosa  9027   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         B. cepacia  25416   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         C. albicans  10231   3.4E5   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         A. niger  16404   6.5E5   2.4E4   1.2E3     9E1    &gt;1E4                  
 
       EXAMPLE 3  
       [0000]     Antimicrobial:  
         [0038]     1,2-Octanediol/Phenoxyethanol (40/60)/1.5% BIT  
         [0000]     Product Base:  
         [0039]     Screening Emulsion  
                                                                                                                                                       REINOCULUM       TEST ORGANISMS   INOCULUM (0 hours)   (21 days)                 Staph aureus  6538   4.9 × 10 6  cfu/ml   2.6 × 10 6  cfu/ml         E. coli  8739   5.6 × 10 6  cfu/ml   4.3 × 10 6  cfu/ml         P. aeruginosa  9027   3.1 × 10 6  cfu/ml   3.2 × 10 6  cfu/ml         B. cepacia  25416   2.7 × 10 6  cfu/ml   1.8 × 10 6  cfu/ml         C. albicans  10231   4.2 × 10 6  cfu/ml   1.7 × 10 7  cfu/ml         A. niger  16404   1.9 × 10 5  cfu/ml   4.0 × 10 5  cfu/ml                        ASSAY INTERVALS            TEST ORGANISMS   48 HRS   7 D   14 D   21 D   28 D                    USE LEVEL: 0.67% (100 ppm BIT)              Staph. aureus  6538   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         E. coli  8739   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         P. aeruginosa  9027   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         B. cepacia  25416   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         C. albicans  10231   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         A. niger  16404   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10            USE LEVEL: 1.33% (200 ppm BIT)              Staph. aureus  6538   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         E. coli  8739   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         P. aeruginosa  9027   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         B. cepacia  25416   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         C. albicans  10231   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         A. niger  16404   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10                  
 
       EXAMPLE 4  
       [0000]     Antimicrobial:  
         [0040]     1,2-Octanediol/Phenoxyethanol (40/60)/1.5% BIT  
         [0000]     Product Base:  
         [0041]     Nonionic Emulsion  
                                                                                                                                                       REINOCULUM       TEST ORGANISMS   INOCULUM (0 hours)   (21 days)                 Staph aureus  6538   1.2 × 10 6  cfu/ml   3.7 × 10 6  cfu/ml         E. coli  8739   3.2 × 10 6  cfu/ml   3.1 × 10 6  cfu/ml         P. aeruginosa  9027   3.0 × 10 6  cfu/ml   4.6 × 10 6  cfu/ml         B. cepacia  25416   6.0 × 10 5  cfu/ml   3.2 × 10 6  cfu/ml         C. albicans  10231   2.8 × 10 6  cfu/ml     2.4 × 10 6  cfu/mml         A. niger  16404   7.0 × 10 5  cfu/ml   4.0 × 10 5  cfu/ml                        ASSAY INTERVALS            TEST ORGANISMS   48 HRS   7 D   14 D   21 D   28 D                    USE LEVEL: 0.67% (100 ppm BIT)              Staph. aureus  6538   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         E. coli  8739   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         P. aeruginosa  9027   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         B. cepacia  25416   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         C. albicans  10231   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         A. niger  16404   3E1   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10            USE LEVEL: 1.33% (200 ppm BIT)              Staph. aureus  6538   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         E. coli  8739   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         P. aeruginosa  9027   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         B. cepacia  25416   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         C. albicans  10231   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         A. niger  16404   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10                  
 
       EXAMPLE 5  
       [0000]     Antimicrobial:  
         [0042]     1,2-Octanediol/Phenoxyethanol (40/60)/1.5% BIT  
         [0000]     Product Base:  
         [0043]     Screening Emulsion  
                                                                                                                                                                           REINOCULUM       TEST ORGANISMS   INOCULUM (0 hours)   (21 days)                 Staph aureus  6538   3.7 × 10 6  cfu/ml   2.9 × 10 6  cfu/ml         E. coli  8739   3.1 × 10 6  cfu/ml   5.4 × 10 6  cfu/ml         P. aeruginosa  9027   4.6 × 10 6  cfu/ml   3.8 × 10 6  cfu/ml         B. cepacia  25416   3.2 × 10 6  cfu/ml   2.9 × 10 6  cfu/ml         C. albicans  10231   2.4 × 10 6  cfu/ml   2.2 × 10 6  cfu/ml         A. niger  16404   4.0 × 10 5  cfu/ml   2.9 × 10 5  cfu/ml                        48   ASSAY INTERVALS                TEST ORGANISMS   HRS   7 D   14 D   21 D   28 D                    USE LEVEL: 0.25% (37.5 ppm BIT)              Staph. aureus  6538   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10             E. coli  8739   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         P. aeruginosa  9027   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         B. cepacia  25416   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         C. albicans  10231   7.1E2   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         A. niger  16404   4.2E4   3.4E3   1.2E2   2E1   6.7E2            USE LEVEL: 0.5% (75 ppm BIT)              Staph. aureus  6538   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10             E. coli  8739   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         P. aeruginosa  9027   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         B. cepacia  25416   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         C. albicans  10231   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         A. niger  16404   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10     2E1   (replate &lt;10)                  
 
       EXAMPLE 6  
       [0000]     Antimicrobial:  
         [0044]     1,2-Octanediol/Phenoxyethanol (40/60)/1.5% BIT  
         [0000]     Product Base:  
         [0045]     Nonionic Emulsion  
                                                                                                                                                       REINOCULUM       TEST ORGANISMS   INOCULUM (0 hours)   (21 days)                 Staph aureus  6538   4.9 × 10 6  cfu/ml   4.8 × 10 6  cfu/ml         E. coli  8739   3.5 × 10 6  cfu/ml   3.1 × 10 6  cfu/ml         P. aeruginosa  9027   4.0 × 10 6  cfu/ml   3.0 × 10 6  cfu/ml         B. cepacia  25416   4.0 × 10 6  cfu/ml   2.2 × 10 6  cfu/ml         C. albicans  10231   3.5 × 10 6  cfu/ml   8.0 × 10 5  cfu/ml         A. niger  16404   2.7 × 10 6  cfu/ml   1.8 × 10 5  cfu/ml                        ASSAY INTERVALS            TEST ORGANISMS   48 HRS   7 D   14 D   21 D   28 D                    USE LEVEL: 0.25% (37.5 ppm BIT)              Staph. aureus  6538     2E1   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         E. coli  8739   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         P. aeruginosa  9027   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         B. cepacia  25416     2E1   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         C. albicans  10231    &gt;1E6   7.2E2     1E2   &lt;10    &gt;1E4         A. niger  16404   3.9E5   2.4E5   1.9E5   1.6E5   2.5E5            USE LEVEL: 0.50% (75 ppm BIT)              Staph. aureus  6538   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         E. coli  8739   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         P. aeruginosa  9027   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         B. cepacia  25416   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         C. albicans  10231   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         A. niger  16404   4.4E4     2E3     5E1   &lt;10   3.5E3                  
 
       EXAMPLE 7  
       [0000]     Antimicrobial:  
         [0046]     1,2-Octanediol/Phenoxyethanol (40/60)/1.5% BIT  
         [0000]     Product Base:  
         [0047]     Screening Emulsion  
                                                                                                                                                       REINOCULUM       TEST ORGANISMS   INOCULUM (0 hours)   (21 days)                 Staph aureus  6538   3.6 × 10 6  cfu/ml   2.8 × 10 6  cfu/ml         E. coli  8739   5.8 × 10 6  cfu/ml   3.5 × 10 6  cfu/ml         P. aeruginosa  9027   4.0 × 10 6  cfu/ml   3.2 × 10 6  cfu/ml         B. cepacia  25416   3.0 × 10 6  cfu/ml   1.8 × 10 6  cfu/ml         C. albicans  10231   2.7 × 10 6  cfu/ml   1.7 × 10 6  cfu/ml         A. niger  16404   1.3 × 10 6  cfu/ml   4.9 × 10 5  cfu/ml                        ASSAY INTERVALS            TEST ORGANISMS   48 HRS   7 D   14 D   21 D   28 D                    USE LEVEL: 0.50% (75 ppm BIT)              Staph. aureus  6538   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         E. coli  8739   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         P. aeruginosa  9027   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         B. cepacia  25416   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         C. albicans  10231   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         A. niger  16404   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10            USE LEVEL: 0.67% (100 ppm BIT)              Staph. aureus  6538   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         E. coli  8739   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         P. aeruginosa  9027   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         B. cepacia  25416   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         C. albicans  10231   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         A. niger  16404   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10                  
 
       EXAMPLE 8  
       [0000]     Antimicrobial:  
         [0048]     1,2-Octanediol/Phenoxyethanol (40/60)/2.5% BIT  
         [0000]     Product Base:  
         [0049]     Screening Emulsion  
                                                                                                                                                       REINOCULUM       TEST ORGANISMS   INOCULUM (0 hours)   (21 days)                 Staph aureus  6538   3.6 × 10 6  cfu/ml   2.8 × 10 6  cfu/ml         E. coli  8739   5.8 × 10 6  cfu/ml   3.5 × 10 6  cfu/ml         P. aeruginosa  9027     4.0 × 10 6  cfu/mml   3.2 × 10 6  cfu/ml         B. cepacia  25416   3.0 × 10 6  cfu/ml   1.8 × 10 6  cfu/ml         C. albicans  10231   2.7 × 10 6  cfu/ml   1.7 × 10 6  cfu/ml         A. niger  16404   1.3 × 10 6  cfu/ml   4.9 × 10 5  cfu/ml                        ASSAY INTERVALS            TEST ORGANISMS   48 HRS   7 D   14 D   21 D   28 D                    USE LEVEL: 0.3% (75 ppm BIT)              Staph. aureus  6538   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         E. coli  8739   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         P. aeruginosa  9027   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         B. cepacia  25416   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         C. albicans  10231   5.8E3   2E1   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         A. niger  16404   1.8E2   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10            USE LEVEL: 0.4% (100 ppm BIT)              Staph. aureus  6538   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         E. coli  8739   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         P. aeruginosa  9027   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         B. cepacia  25416   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         C. albicans  10231   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         A. niger  16404   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10                  
 
       EXAMPLE 9  
       [0000]     Antimicrobial:  
         [0050]     1,2-Octanediol/Phenoxyethanol (40/60)/1.5% BIT  
         [0000]     Product Base:  
         [0051]     Nonionic Emulsion  
                                                                                                                                                       REINOCULUM       TEST ORGANISMS   INOCULUM (0 hours)   (21 days)                 Staph aureus  6538   3.0 × 10 6  cfu/ml   2.8 × 10 6  cfu/ml         E. coli  8739   5.8 × 10 6  cfu/ml   3.5 × 10 6  cfu/ml         P. aeruginosa  9027   4.0 × 10 6  cfu/ml   3.2 × 10 6  cfu/ml         B. cepacia  25416   3.0 × 10 6  cfu/ml   1.8 × 10 6  cfu/ml         C. albicans  10231   2.7 × 10 6  cfu/ml   1.7 × 10 6  cfu/ml         A. niger  16404   1.3 × 10 6  cfu/ml   4.9 × 10 5  cfu/ml                        ASSAY INTERVALS            TEST ORGANISMS   48 HRS   7 D   14 D   21 D   28 D                    USE LEVEL: 0.50% (75 ppm BIT)              Staph. aureus  6538   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         E. coli  8739   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         P. aeruginosa  9027   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         B. cepacia  25416   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;1.0   &lt;10         C. albicans  10231   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         A. niger  16404   8E1   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10            USE LEVEL: 0.67% (100 ppm BIT)              Staph. aureus  6538   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         E. coli  8739   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         P. aeruginosa  9027   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         B. cepacia  25416   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         C. albicans  10231   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         A. niger  16404   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10                  
 
       EXAMPLE 10  
       [0000]     Antimicrobial:  
         [0052]     1,2-Octanediol/Phenoxyethanol (40/60)/2.5% BIT  
         [0000]     Product Base:  
         [0053]     Nonionic Emulsion  
                                                                                                                                                       REINOCULUM       TEST ORGANISMS   INOCULUM (0 hours)   (21 days)                 Staph aureus  6538   3.0 × 10 6  cfu/ml   2.8 × 10 6  cfu/ml         E. coli  8739   5.8 × 10 6  cfu/ml   3.5 × 10 6  cfu/ml         P. aeruginosa  9027   4.0 × 10 6  cfu/ml   3.2 × 10 6  cfu/ml         B. cepacia  25416   3.0 × 10 6  cfu/ml   1.8 × 10 6  cfu/ml         C. albicans  10231   2.7 × 10 6  cfu/ml   1.7 × 10 6  cfu/ml         A. niger  16404   1.3 × 10 6  cfu/ml   4.9 × 10 5  cfu/ml                        ASSAY INTERVALS            TEST ORGANISMS   48 HRS   7 D   14 D   21 D   28 D                    USE LEVEL: 0.30% (75 ppm BIT)              Staph. aureus  6538   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         E. coli  8739   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         P. aeruginosa  9027   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         B. cepacia  25416   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         C. albicans  10231   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         A. niger  16404   1E4   8.6E2   2.1E2   3E1   8.3E2            USE LEVEL: 0.40% (100 ppm BIT)              Staph. aureus  6538   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         E. coli  8739   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         P. aeruginosa  9027   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         B. cepacia  25416   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         C. albicans  10231   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         A. niger  16404   1E1   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10                  
 
       EXAMPLE 11  
       [0000]     Antimicrobial:  
         [0054]     1,2-Octanediol/Phenoxyethanol (40/60), 6% Sorbic Acid  
         [0000]     Product Base:  
         [0055]     Nonionic Emulsion  
                                                                                                                                               TEST               ORGANISMS   INOCULUM (0 hours)   REINOCULUM (21 days)                 Staph aureus  6538   1.3 × 10 6  cfu/ml   8.0 × l0 6  cfu/ml         E. coli  8739   3.9 × 10 6  cfu/ml   4.8 × 10 6  cfu/ml         P. aeruginosa  9027   2.5 × 10 6  cfu/ml   4.7 × 10 6  cfu/ml         B. cepacia  25416   1.5 × 10 6  cfu/ml   1.0 × 10 6  cfu/ml         C. albicans  10231   3.2 × 10 6  cfu/ml   1.6 × 10 6  cfu/ml         A. niger  16404   4.0 × 10 5  cfu/ml   2.6 × l0 5  cfu/ml                        ASSAY INTERVALS            TEST ORGANISMS   48 HRS   7 D   14 D   21 D   28 D                    USE LEVEL: 0.5%              Staph. aureus  6538   1.1E2   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         E. co1i  8739   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         P. aeruginosa  9027   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         B. cepacia  25416   &lt;10   &lt;10   8E3   7E4   1.1E5         C. albicans  10231    &gt;1E6    3.1E4   &lt;10   &lt;10    &gt;1E4          A. niger  16404   8.3E5     4E1   &lt;10   &lt;10     1E1            USE LEVEL: 1.0%              Staph. aureus  6538   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         E. coli  8739   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         P. aeruginosa  9027   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         B. cepacia  25416   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         C. albicans  10231   1.2E4   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         A. niger  16404     3E5   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10                  
 
       EXAMPLE 12  
       [0000]     Antimicrobial:  
         [0056]     1,2-Octanediol/Phenoxyethanol (40/60), 6% Sorbic Acid  
         [0000]     Product Base:  
         [0057]     Nonionic Emulsion  
                                                                                                                                               TEST               ORGANISMS   INOCULUM (0 hours)   REINOCULUM (21 days)                 Staph aureus  6538   6.9 × 10 6  cfu/ml   1.8 × 10 6  cfu/ml         E. coli  8739   7.8 × 10 6  cfu/ml   3.5 × 10 6  cfu/ml         P. aeruginosa  9027   5.1 × 10 6  cfu/ml   1.3 × 10 6  cfu/ml         B. cepacia  25416   2.2 × 10 6  cfu/ml   7.0 × 10 6  cfu/ml         C. albicans  10231   3.7 × 10 6  cfu/ml   6.0 × 10 7  cfu/ml         A. niger  16404   1.8 × 10 5  cfu/ml   8.0 × 10 5  cfu/ml                        ASSAY INTERVALS            TEST ORGANISMS   48 HRS   7 D   14 D   21 D   28 D                    USE LEVEL: 0.50%              Staph. aureus  6538   1E1   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         E. coli  8739   6E1   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         P. aeruginosa  9027   1E2   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         B. cepacia  254l6   5.8E4     &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         C. albicans  10231   &gt;1E6     1.7E5   2E1   &lt;10    &gt;1E4          A. niger  16404   1E5   5.8E4   3E4   6E3   3.9E5            USE LEVEL: 1.0%              Staph. aureus  6538   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         E. coli  8739   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         P. aeruginosa  9027   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         B. cepacia  25416   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         C. albicans  10231   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         A. niger  16404   3E4   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10                  
 
       EXAMPLE 13  
       [0000]     Antimicrobial:  
         [0058]     1,2-Octanediol/Phenoxyethanol (40/60), 6% Sorbic Acid  
         [0000]     Product Base:  
         [0059]     Nonionic Emulsion  
                                                                                                                                               TEST               ORGANISMS   INOCULUM (0 hours)   REINOCULUM (21 days)                 Staph aureus  6538   6.9 × 10 6  cfu/ml   1.8 × 10 6  cfu/ml         E. coli  8739   7.8 × 10 6  cfu/ml   3.5 × 10 6  cfu/ml         P. aeruginosa  9027   5.1 × 10 6  cfu/ml   1.3 × 10 6  cfu/ml         B. cepacia  25416   2.2 × 10 6  cfu/ml   7.0 × 10 6  cfu/ml         C. albicans  10231   3.7 × 10 6  cfu/ml   6.0 × 10 7  cfu/ml         A. niger  16404   1.8 × 10 5  cfu/ml   8.0 × 10 5  cfu/ml                        ASSAY INTERVALS            TEST ORGANISMS   48 HRS   7 D   14 D   21 D   28 D                    USE LEVEL: 0.5%              Staph. aureus  6538   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         E. coli  8739   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         P. aeruginosa  9027   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         B. cepacia  25416     8E1   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10     2E1         C. albicans  10231    &gt;1E6    1.4E4   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         A. niger  16404   2.1E5   5.5E4   8E3   3E3   3.4E5            USE LEVEL: 1.0%              Staph. aureus  6538   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         E. coli  8739   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         P. aeruginosa  9027   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         B. cepacia  25416   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         C. albicans  10231   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         A. niger  16404     8E3   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10                  
 
       EXAMPLE 14  
       [0000]     Antimicrobial:  
         [0060]     1,2-Octanediol/Phenoxyethanol (40/60), 6% Sorbic Acid  
         [0000]     Product Base:  
         [0061]     Nonionic Emulsion  
                                                                                                                                               TEST               ORGANISMS   INOCULUM (0 hours)   REINOCULUM (21 days)                 Staph aureus  6538   6.9 × 10 6  cfu/ml   1.8 × 10 6  cfu/ml         E. coli  8739   7.8 × 10 6  cfu/ml   3.5 × 10 6  cfu/ml         P. aeruginosa  9027   5.1 × 10 6  cfu/ml   1.3 × 10 6  cfu/ml         B. cepacia  25416   2.2 × 10 6  cfu/ml   7.0 × 10 6  cfu/ml         C. albicans  10231   3.7 × 10 6  cfu/ml   6.0 × 10 7  cfu/ml         A. niger  16404   1.8 × 10 5  cfu/ml   8.0 × 10 5  cfu/ml                        ASSAY INTERVALS            TEST ORGANISMS   48 HRS   7 D   14 D   21 D   28 D                    USE LEVEL: 0.50%              Staph. aureus  6538   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         E. coli  8739   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         P. aeruginosa  9027   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         B. cepacia  25416   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         C. albicans  10231    &gt;1E6      2E4   &lt;10   &lt;10   &gt;1E4         A. niger  16404   1.8E5     1.1E5   1.2E3   2E2   &gt;1E4            USE LEVEL: 1.0%              Staph. aureus  6538   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         E. coli  8739   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         P. aeruginosa  9027   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         B. cepacia  25416   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         C. albicans  10231   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         A. niger  16404     6E3   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10     7E1                  
 
       EXAMPLE 15  
       [0000]     Antimicrobial:  
         [0062]     1,2-Octanediol/Phenoxyethanol (40/60)  
         [0000]     Product Base:  
         [0063]     Screening Emulsion  
                                                                                                                                               TEST               ORGANISMS   INOCULUM (0 hours)   REINOCULUM (21 days)                 Staph aureus  6538   2.9 × 10 6  cfu/ml   2.5 × 10 5  cfu/ml         E. coli  8739   4.7 × 10 6  cfu/ml   3.4 × 10 6  cfu/ml         P. aeruginosa  9027   4.9 × 10 6  cfu/ml   1.2 × 10 6  cfu/ml         B. cepacia  25416   5.3 × 10 6  cfu/ml   1.1 × 10 6  cfu/ml         C. albicans  10231   1.0 × 10 6  cfu/ml   1.1 × 10 6  cfu/ml         A. niger  16404   7.0 × 10 5  cfu/ml   4.4 × 10 5  cfu/ml                        ASSAY INTERVALS            TEST ORGANISMS   48 HRS   7 D   14 D   21 D   28 D                    USE LEVEL: 0.5%              Staph. aureus  6538   7E1   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         E. coli  8739   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         P. aeruginosa  9027   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         B. cepacia  25416   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         C. albicans  10231   4E4   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10     1E1         A. niger  16404   2.3E5     2.3E4   2.5E2   2E1   &gt;1E4            USE LEVEL: 1.0%              Staph. aureus  6538   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         E. coli  8739   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         P. aeruginosa  9027   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         B. cepacia  25416   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         C. albicans  10231   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         A. niger  16404   3E4   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10                  
 
       EXAMPLE 16  
       [0000]     Antimicrobial:  
         [0064]     20 Pentanediol/20 Hexanediol/20 Octanediol/40 Phenoxyethanol  
         [0000]     Product Base:  
         [0065]     Screening Emulsion  
                                                                                                                                               TEST               ORGANISMS   INOCULUM (0 hour)   REINOCULUM (21 days)                 Staph aureus  6538   2.5 × 10 6  cfu/ml   2.5 × 10 6  cfu/ml         E. coli  8739   6.0 × 10 6  cfu/ml   2.9 × 10 6  cfu/ml         P. aeruginosa  9027   5.7 × 10 6  cfu/ml   2.3 × 10 6  cfu/ml         B. cepacia  25416   3.4 × 10 6  cfu/ml   1.5 × 10 6  cfu/ml         C. albicans  10231   2.9 × 10 6  cfu/ml   1.1 × 10 6  cfu/mkl         A. niger  16404   5.1 × 10 5  cfu/ml   2.8 × 10 5  cfu/ml                        ASSAY INTERVALS            TEST ORGANISMS   48 HRS   7 D   14 D   21 D   28 D                    USE LEVEL: 0.25%              Staph. aureus  6538   1.1E6   1.6E3   &lt;10   &lt;10   &gt;1E4         E. coli  8739     2E2   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         P. aeruginosa  9027     3E1     3E3     4E1     1E2   &gt;1E4         B. cepacia  25416    &gt;1E6     &gt;1E6    4.3E5   1.8E5   &gt;1E6         C. albicans  10231   7.9E5   1.2E5   4.1E2   2.2E2   &gt;1E4         A. niger  16404   1.8E5   3.2E5   3.3E5   1.4E5    5.1E5             USE LEVEL: 0.50%              Staph. aureus  6538   9.8E4   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         E. coli  8739   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         P. aeruginosa  9027   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         B. cepacia  25416   2.7E5   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         C. albicans  10231   3.8E5     2E2   &lt;10   &lt;10     8E1         A. niger  16404   2.6E5   3.3E5   1.7E3     8E2   &gt;1E4                  
 
       EXAMPLE 17  
       [0000]     Antimicrobial:  
         [0066]     20 Pentanediol/20 Hexanediol/20 Octanediol/40 Phenoxyethanol  
         [0000]     Product Base:  
         [0067]     Nonionic Emulsion  
                                                                                                                                               TEST               ORGANISMS   INOCULUM (0 hours)   REINOCULUM (21 days)                 Staph aureus  6538   2.5 × 10 6  cfu/ml   2.5 × 10 6  cfu/ml         E. coli  8739   6.0 × 10 6  cfu/ml   2.9 × 10 6  cfu/ml         P. aeruginosa  9027   5.7 × 10 6  cfu/ml   2.3 × 10 6  cfu/ml         B. cepacia  25416   3.4 × 10 6  cfu/ml   1.5 × 10 6  cfu/ml         C. albicans  10231   2.9 × 10 6  cfu/ml   1.1 × 10 6  cfu/mkl         A. niger  16404   5.1 × 10 5  cfu/ml   2.8 × 10 5  cfu/ml                        ASSAY INTERVALS            TEST ORGANISMS   48 HRS   7 D   14 D   21 D   28 D                    USE LEVEL: 0.5%              Staph. aureus  6538   2.6E5   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         E. coli  8739   2.2E4   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         P. aeruginosa  9027   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         B. cepacia  25416   2.6E5     6E3   &lt;10   &lt;10   2.9E3         C. albicans  10231    &gt;1E6     &gt;1E6    4.8E4   7.1E2   9.3E5         A. niger  16404   6.8E5   4.8E5   1.4E5    &gt;1E4    6.2E5            USE LEVEL: 1.0%              Staph. aureus  6538   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         E. coli  8739   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         P. aeruginosa  9027   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         B. cepacia  25416     1E2   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         C. albicans  10231    &gt;1E6    2.8E4   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         A. niger  16404   3.8E5   3.5E5   1.3E4   2.9E2   5.3E4                  
 
       EXAMPLE 18  
       [0000]     Antimicrobial:  
         [0068]     20 Pentanediol/20 Hexanediol/20 Octanediol/40 Phenoxyethanol  
         [0000]     Product Base:  
         [0069]     Screening Emulsion  
                                                                                                                                               TEST               ORGANISMS   INOCULUM (0 hour)   REINOCULUM (21 days)                 Staph aureus  6538   1.8 × 10 6  cfu/ml   1.0 × 10 6  cfu/ml         E. coli  8739   3.5 × 10 6  cfu/ml   3.6 × 10 6  cfu/ml         P. aeruginosa  9027   1.3 × 10 6  cfu/ml   2.9 × 10 6  cfu/ml         B. cepacia  25416   7.0 × 10 6  cfu/ml   3.0 × 10 6  cfu/ml         C. albicans  10231   6.0 × 10 5  cfu/ml   2.1 × 10 6  cfu/ml         A. niger  16404   8.0 × 10 5  cfu/ml   2.8 × 10 5  cfu/ml                        ASSAY INTERVALS            TEST ORGANISMS   48 HRS   7 D   14 D   21 D   28 D                    USE LEVEL: 0.5%              Staph. aureus  6538   1.3E4   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         E. coli  8739   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         P. aeruginosa  9027   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         B. cepacia  2 5416   1.9E5   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         C. albicans  10231     3E5   3.3E3   &lt;10   &lt;10   9.7E2         A. niger  16404   6.8E5     6E4   3.3E4   1.1E4     6E4            USE LEVEL: 1.0%              Staph. aureus  6538   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         E. coli  8739   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         P. aeruginosa  9027   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         B. cepacia  25416   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         C. albicans  10231   3.8E2   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         A. niger  16404   4.9E4   1.4E4   1.7E2   1.3E2   6.7E3                  
 
       EXAMPLE 19  
       [0000]     Antimicrobial:  
         [0070]     1,2-Octanediol/Phenoxyethanol (40/60), 1.25% IPBC  
         [0000]     Product Base:  
         [0071]     Screening Emulsion  
                                                                                                                                               TEST               ORGANISMS   INOCULUM (0 hour)   REINOCULUM (21 days)                 Staph aureus  6538   3.6 × 10 6  cfu/ml   1.6 × 10 6  cfu/ml         E. coli  8739   4.0 × 10 6  cfu/ml   2.2 × 10 6  cfu/ml         P. aeruginosa  9027   4.4 × 10 6  cfu/ml   1.7 × 10 6  cfu/ml         B. cepacia  25416   3.0 × 10 6  cfu/ml   1.7 × 10 6  cfu/ml         C. albicans  10231   4.2 × 10 6  cfu/ml   9.3 × 10 5  cfu/ml         A. niger  16404   9.0 × 10 5  cfu/ml   2.6 × 10 5  cfu/ml                        ASSAY INTERVALS            TEST ORGANISMS   48 HRS   7 D   14 D   21 D   28 D                    USE LEVEL: 1.0%              Staph. aureus  6538   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         E. coli  8739   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         P. aeruginosa  9027   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         B. cepacia  25416   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         C. albicans  10231   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         A. niger  16404   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10            USE LEVEL: 1.8%              Staph. aureus  6538   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         E. coli  8739   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         P. aeruginosa  9027   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         B. cepacia  25416   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         C. albicans  10231   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10         A. niger  16404   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10   &lt;10