Abstract:
According to certain aspects, a circuit board panel includes a first module circuit board and a second module circuit board arranged to define a space that runs between a first portion of the periphery of the first module circuit board and a portion of the periphery of the second module circuit board; and a plurality of shield components each extending across the space and including a first conductive portion mounted along the first portion of the periphery of the first module circuit board, a second conductive portion mounted along the portion of the periphery of the second module circuit board, and a non-conductive portion extending between the first conductive portion and the second conductive portion, the first and second conductive portions of each of the plurality of shield components configured to provide electromagnetic shielding for at least one electronic component mounted on the first and second module circuit boards, respectively.

Description:
INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE TO ANY PRIORITY APPLICATIONS 
       [0001]    This application is a divisional of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/159,276, filed on Jun. 13, 2011, entitled “OVERMOLDED ELECTRONIC MODULE WITH AN INTEGRATED ELECTROMAGNETIC SHIELD USING SMT SHIELD WALL COMPONENTS,” which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/484,591, filed on Jun. 15, 2009, entitled “OVERMOLDED ELECTRONIC MODULE WITH AN INTEGRATED ELECTROMAGNETIC SHIELD USING SMT SHIELD WALL COMPONENTS,” which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/708,382, filed Feb. 19, 2007, entitled “OVERMOLDED ELECTRONIC MODULE WITH AN INTEGRATED ELECTROMAGNETIC SHIELD USING SMT SHIELD WALL COMPONENTS,” which is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/793,618, filed Mar. 4, 2004, entitled “OVERMOLDED SEMICONDUCTOR PACKAGE WITH AN INTEGRATED EMI AND RFI SHIELD,” the benefits of the filing dates of which are hereby claimed and the specifications of which are incorporated herein by this reference. Any and all applications for which a foreign or domestic priority claim is identified in the Application Data Sheet as filed with the present application are hereby incorporated by reference under 37 CFR 1.57. 
     
    
     BACKGROUND 
       [0002]    1. Field of the Invention 
         [0003]    The invention relates generally to electronic device manufacturing and more particularly to techniques for providing shielding for electronic components. 
         [0004]    2. Related Art 
         [0005]    Portable electronic devices such as cell phones typically utilize electronic modules to provide a high level of functionality in a small package. The electronic module can include, for example, any combination of one or more integrated circuits and one or more passive devices such as resistors, capacitors, and inductors mounted on a module circuit board. The components of the electronic module can be encapsulated using a non-conductive material to form an overmolded electronic module package. Electronic circuits within an electronic module typically receive, transmit and/or internally utilize time-varying electromagnetic signals. Such electromagnetic signals can radiate through the non-conductive packaging material of the electronic module and affect other electronic devices (e.g., cause interference), exceed regulatory limits, and/or be subject to interception. Also, externally present magnetic energy of either natural or artificial origin may penetrate non-conductive packaging material of an electronic module to adversely affect the circuitry within the electronic module. Accordingly, good engineering practices dictate that electromagnetic shielding be provided to attenuate electromagnetic energy to limit potentially adverse effects. Typically electromagnetic shielding is provided by surrounding the electronic module with a conductive material such as a structure that is stamped or otherwise formed out of a thin sheet of metal. However, such a stamped shield needs to be large enough to avoid mechanically interfering with the electronic module. Moreover, the dimensions of the shield have to be sufficient to accommodate manufacturing tolerances of the electronic module, as well as those of the shield. The additional size required by a stamped shield limits miniaturization of products including such electronic modules. Another disadvantage of a stamped shield is that attaching the shield involves an additional manufacturing step that cannot be performed until after installing the electronic module. 
         [0006]    Thus, a technique for providing electromagnetic shielding that avoids such disadvantages is needed. 
       SUMMARY 
       [0007]    The present invention is directed to a method and apparatus for providing an overmolded electromagnetic shield for an electronic module. The invention addresses and resolves the need in the art for a cost-effective shield for an overmolded electronic module that does not substantially increase the module size and overcomes the need for a separate shield, such as a stamped shield, and a separate process for installing the separate shield. 
         [0008]    According to one exemplary embodiment, an overmolded electronic module includes any combination of one or more integrated circuits and passive SMT (surface mount technology) components situated on a module circuit board. The overmolded electronic module further includes one or more SMT shield wall components situated on the same module circuit board where the SMT shield wall components form the side walls of an electromagnetic shield. The overmolded electronic module further includes an overmold material used to enecapsulate the components within the electronic module. The overmolded electronic module further includes a conductive layer situated on the top surface of the overmold material where the conductive layer forms the top of an electromagnetic shield. According to this exemplary embodiment, the conductive layer that forms the top of the electromagnetic shield is electrically connected to the SMT shield wall components which in turn are electrically connected to SMT pads on the module circuit board in such a way that the components within the electronic module are surrounded by the shielding structure. 
         [0009]    In accordance with at least one embodiment, the SMT shield wall components have form factors compatible with existing SMT component assembly requirements. For example, the SMT shield wall components may be implemented in a size and shape similar to a typical SMT component, such as a resistor or capacitor, but with a body of sacrificial, nonconductive material joining the conductive shield wall sections. 
         [0010]    Accordingly, the SMT shield wall components may be placed in an electronic module using typical SMT component assembly processes, for example typical SMT pick-and-place processes. 
         [0011]    Multiple module circuit boards can be arranged in an array on a circuit board panel or strip with a space between the module circuit boards that is used as a saw street when the module circuit boards go through a singulation process. The design of the SMT shield wall components allows them to be placed between module circuit boards in the saw street such that one SMT shield wall component can provide a first shield wall section for a a given module circuit board and a second shield wall section for an adjacent module circuit board. The result is a shield wall component that has a footprint that is large enough relative to the height of the shield wall component to be easy to manufacture and to provide mechanical stability and withstand subsequent overmolding processes while occupying minimal space in the final completed overmolded electronic module since much of the SMT shield wall component (e.g., a sacrificial portion) is situated in the saw street and removed during the singulation process. 
         [0012]    Other features and advantages of the present invention will become more readily apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art after reviewing the following detailed description and accompanying drawings. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES 
         [0013]      FIGS. 1A ,  1 B,  1 C and  1 D are diagrams of a surface mount technology (SMT) shield wall component comprising two conductive wall sections that are situated at the ends of a non-conductive, sacrificial portion in accordance with at least one embodiment.  FIG. 1A  is a top view diagram of the SMT shield wall component.  FIG. 1B  is an end view diagram of the SMT shield wall component.  FIG. 1C  is a side view diagram of the shield wall component.  FIG. 1D  is a perspective view diagram of the SMT shield wall component. 
           [0014]      FIG. 2  is a plan view diagram of a circuit board panel for overmolded electronic modules with an integrated electromagnetic shield using SMT shield wall components that includes multiple module circuit boards arranged in an array with saw streets situated between the individual module circuit boards in accordance with at least one embodiment. 
           [0015]      FIG. 3A  is a top view diagram of a module circuit board with exposed conductive portions of SMT shield wall components in accordance with at least one embodiment. 
           [0016]      FIG. 3B  is a side view diagram of a module circuit board with exposed conductive portions of SMT shield wall components in accordance with at least one embodiment. 
           [0017]      FIG. 4A  is a top view diagram of a module circuit board with a top conductive shield coupled to exposed conductive portions of SMT shield wall sections in accordance with at least one embodiment. 
           [0018]      FIG. 4B  is a side view diagram of a module circuit board with a top conductive shield coupled to exposed conductive portions of SMT shield wall sections in accordance with at least one embodiment. 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
       [0019]    The present invention is directed to a method and apparatus for an electronic module with an overmolded electromagnetic shield using SMT shield wall components. The following description contains specific information pertaining to the implementation of the present invention. One skilled in the art will recognize that the present invention may be implemented in a manner different from that specifically discussed herein. Moreover, some of the specific details of the invention are not discussed in order not to obscure the invention. The specific details not described herein are within the knowledge of a person of ordinary skill in the art. 
         [0020]    The drawings herein and their accompanying detailed description merely describe exemplary embodiments of the invention. To maintain brevity, other embodiments of the invention which use the principles of the present invention are not specifically described herein and are not specifically illustrated herein by the present drawings. It should be noted that similar numerals generally refer to similar elements in the various drawings. 
         [0021]    The method and apparatus for providing an electromagnetic shield structure using an SMT shield wall component that can be at least partially integrated within an overmolded part, for example, an electronic module within a module circuit board which includes integrated circuits, and surface mount components. Surface mounted components within the electronic module are typically attached to a module circuit board residing in a circuit board panel using a pick-and-place process. A reflow soldering process is used to solder the surface mount components to the circuit board. To provide a top conductive shield connection a conductive structure is needed that extends above the height of the integrated circuits and/or surface mount components. However, tall conductive structures tend to lose mechanical stability and become misaligned during the reflow soldering process. If an attempt is made to increase the width of the tall conductive structure to increase its stability, the additional width could reduce usable surface area of the circuit board which results in a significant increase in the size of the circuit board and the complete electronic module. 
         [0022]    According to at least one embodiment, a SMT shield wall component is provided that is similar enough to form factors of existing components to allow compatibility with SMT pick-and-place processes, but which provides a sacrificial non-conductive portion that provides increased stability during reflow soldering processes but can be subsequently removed if the SMT shield wall component is mounted so that the sacrificial portion is located over the saw street. This reduces the size of the SMT shield wall component to an optimal size for providing a side wall shielding structure and shielding structure interconnect to a top conductive shield structure. The SMT shield wall component comprises a non-conductive sacrificial portion and a first conductive shield wall section coupled to the non-conductive sacrificial portion. The surface mount component typically comprises a second conductive shield wall section coupled to the non-conductive sacrificial portion opposite the first conductive shield wall section. 
         [0023]    Unlike traditional surface mount components, a SMT shield wall component would not need conductive internal portions. Rather, providing a non-conductive sacrificial portion coupled to a conductive shield wall section would allow the non-conductive sacrificial portion to be removed (e.g., by sawing) without releasing conductive debris that might settle and form undesired electrical connections. Preferably, the non-conductive sacrificial portion comprises epoxy or another polymer resin similar to the non-conductive overmold material used for overmolding the entire electronic module. One or more conductive shield wall sections remain after removal of the non-conductive sacrificial portion of the SMT shield wall component to provide side wall shielding and connection to a top conductive shield. The one or more conductive shield wall sections preferably comprise metal (e.g., tin plated copper) that may be preferably soldered to the conductive circuit board pads upon which the SMT shield wall components may be mounted. The conductive circuit board pads are preferably connected to a ground plane within the circuit board. The conductive circuit board pads are optionally connected to package pins on the electronic module that are subsequently connected to a ground plane within the module circuit board on which the electronic module is mounted. 
         [0024]    The presently available pick-and-place process for mounting surface mount components can be used to mount surface mount shield wall components as well as other passive and/or discrete surface mount components, which are preferably mounted and reflow soldered before mounting and wirebonding any integrated circuits that may be included in the electronic module. 
         [0025]    After being populated with components (e.g., integrated circuits and/or passive SMT components), an environmentally protective material (e.g., a mold compound) may be applied to the circuit board panel (e.g., by injection molding) to cover the one or more electronic modules residing on the circuit board panel. After the overmold process is complete, the conductive shield wall sections of the SMT shield wall components are exposed (e.g., by milling or planning the top surface of the overmolded circuit board panel) in order to provide an electrical connection to the top conductive shield. Thereafter, a conductive material is applied to the top surface of the module circuit boards to form the top conductive shield. After the conductive material is applied to form the top conductive shield, the circuit board panel is singulated into individual electronic modules, each residing in a respective module circuit board. During singulation, a saw cuts through a saw street, which is a sacrificial margin between module circuit boards defined on a circuit board panel. The singulation saw, while removing the circuit board material and mold compound along the saw street, also removes the non-conductive sacrificial portion of the SMT shield wall component. 
         [0026]    Surface mount shield wall components may be mounted around a periphery of an electronic module circuit board. Alternatively or in conjunction with ones mounted around the periphery, surface mount shield wall components may be mounted internal to an electronic module circuit board, for example to provide intramodule shielding. 
         [0027]    The SMT shield wall components in accordance with at least one embodiment described herein are useful for electronic modules that transmit, receive, or internally utilize electromagnetic energy, for example, signals in the 100 MHz to 5 GHz range. An example of a module circuit board for which the SMT shield wall components would be useful is a radio frequency (RF) module, for example, a power amplifier module (PAM), a transmit front-end module (TXFEM), a voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO), a RF mixer, etc. 
         [0028]      FIGS. 1A ,  1 B,  1 C, and  1 D show different views of a surface mount technology (SMT) shield wall component comprising a non-conductive sacrificial portion in accordance with at least one embodiment.  FIG. 1A  is a top view diagram of the SMT shield wall component. The SMT shield wall component comprises conductive shield wall section  102  and, optionally, conductive shield wall section  103 , as well as non-conductive portion  102 , including non-conductive sacrificial portion  104 . Non-conductive portion  101  is coupled to conductive shield wall sections  102  and, if present, shield wall section  103 . Sacrificial portion  104  of the SMT shield wall component need not be of precise width, but may vary in width, for example, depending on process parameters, such as singulation saw kerf width. For some uses (e.g., intramodule shielding), sacrificial portion  104  need not be removed, but may be left intact. 
         [0029]      FIG. 1B  is an end view diagram of the SMT shield wall component. While the SMT shield wall component comprises non-conductive portion  101 , including non-conductive sacrificial portion  104 , only shield wall section  102  is depicted in this end view diagram.  FIG. 1C  is a side view diagram of the SMT shield wall component. Conductive shield wall section  102 , non-conductive portion  101 , and optional conductive shield wall section  103  are depicted in  FIG. 1C .  FIG. 1D  is a perspective view diagram of the SMT shield wall component. Shield wall section  102 , non-conductive portion  101 , and optional shield wall section  103  are depicted in  FIG. 1D . 
         [0030]      FIG. 2  is a plan view diagram of circuit board panel  201  in accordance with at least one embodiment. Circuit board panel  201  comprises module circuit boards  202 ,  203 ,  204 , and  205 . Conductive pads are provided on module circuit boards  202 ,  203 ,  204 , and  205 , either around the periphery of the module circuit boards and/or internal to the module circuit boards, to allow mounting of SMT shield wall components.  FIG. 2  depicts SMT shield wall components mounted on such pads, for example, SMT shield wall components  206  through  241  are mounted around the periphery of module circuit boards  202  through  205 , and SMT shield wall components  248  and  249  are mounted internal to module circuit board  203 . 
         [0031]    As illustrated, by using SMT shield wall components having a first conductive shield wall section on one end coupled to a non-conductive sacrificial portion in the middle, which is in turn coupled to a second conductive shield wall section on the opposite end, the first conductive shield wall section (e.g., the first conductive shield wall section of SMT shield wall component  214 ) can be mounted on a pad at the periphery of a first module circuit board (e.g., module circuit board  202 ), while the second conductive shield wall section (e.g., the second conductive shield wall section of SMT shield wall component  214 ) can be mounted on a pad at the periphery of a module second circuit board (e.g., module circuit board  204 ). Such bridging of adjacent module circuit boards by a SMT shield wall component allows the first conductive shield wall section of the SMT shield wall component to be used to provide side wall shielding and coupling to a top conductive shield for the module first circuit board while allowing the second conductive shield wall section of the SMT shield wall component to be used to provide side wall shielding and coupling to a top conductive shield for the second module circuit board. The non-conductive sacrificial portion of the SMT shield wall component between the first and second conductive shield wall sections of the SMT shield wall component can be removed along with circuit board material between the module first circuit board and the module second circuit board by singulating the module circuit boards, for example, using a singulation saw. Singulation can occur along paths through the circuit board and/or SMT shield wall components, for example, cutting paths  242 ,  243 ,  244 ,  245 ,  246 , and/or  247  depicted in  FIG. 2 . 
         [0032]      FIG. 3A  is a top view diagram of electronic module  301  with exposed conductive shield wall sections of the SMT shield wall components in accordance with at least one embodiment. The top portions of conductive shield wall sections of the SMT shield wall components may be exposed either by using an overmolding process that allows them to remain exposed or by using a material removal process after overmolding to expose the conductive shield wall sections of the SMT shield wall components. Examples of such material removal processes include milling, grinding, lasing, and/or planning. With the conductive shield wall sections  306 ,  307 ,  308 ,  309 ,  310 ,  311 ,  312 ,  313 ,  314 ,  315 ,  316 , and  317  of the SMT shield wall components exposed, the remaining components on module circuit board  318  preferably remain encapsulated within the mold compound, as depicted in side view  FIG. 3B . 
         [0033]      FIG. 3B  is a side view diagram of electronic module  301  with exposed conductive portions of the SMT shield wall components in accordance with at least one embodiment. In accordance with at least one embodiment, the tops of conductive shield wall sections, such as exemplary shield wall sections  310 ,  311 ,  312 , and  313  are flush with the top of the encapsulant, i.e. mold compound  330  of electronic module  301 . The tops of other surface components, such as exemplary SMT components  319 ,  320 , and  321  are below the tops of the conductive shield wall sections, such as exemplary shield wall sections  310 ,  311 ,  312 , and  313 , and are preferably covered with encapsulant, i.e. mold compound  330 . 
         [0034]      FIGS. 4A and 4B  are top and side view diagrams of electronic module  301  with top conductive shield  401  coupled to exposed conductive shield wall sections of the SMT shield wall components in accordance with at least one embodiment. With the conductive shield wall sections  306  through  317  of the SMT shield wall components exposed, top conductive shield  401  can be applied over the exposed conductive shield wall sections  306  through  317  of the SMT shield wall components and preferably over the mold compound that remains. For example, top conductive shield  401  may be a conformal coating, such as a conductive paint or conductive epoxy, or a thin layer of metal, which may be attached (e.g., soldered) to the exposed conductive shield wall sections  306  through  317  of the SMT shield wall components. 
         [0035]    Thus, as described above and according to the present invention, multiple module circuit boards can be arranged in any array on a circuit board panel or strip with a space between the module circuit boards that is used as a saw street when the module circuit boards go through a singulation process. Prior to the singulation process, the SMT shield wall components may be placed in the saw streets between module circuit boards using typical SMT component assembly processes, for example typical SMT pick-and-place processes. The design of the SMT shield wall components allows them to be placed between module circuit boards in the saw street such that one SMT shield wall component can provide a first shield wall section for a given module circuit board and a second shield wall section for an adjacent module circuit board. The result is a shield wall component that has a footprint that is large enough relative to the height of the shield wall component to be easy to manufacture and to provide mechanical stability and withstand subsequent overmolding processes while occupying minimal space in the final completed overmolded electronic module since much of the SMT shield wall component (e.g., a sacrificial portion) is situated in the saw street and is removed during the singulation process. 
         [0036]    From the above description of the invention it is manifest that various techniques can be used for implementing the concepts of the present invention without departing from its scope. Moreover, while the invention has been described with specific reference to certain embodiments, a person of ordinary skill in the art would appreciate that changes can be made in form and details without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, the described embodiments are to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive. It should also be noted that the invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein but is capable of many rearrangements, modifications, and substitutions without departing from the scope of the invention. 
         [0037]    Thus, a method and apparatus for an overmolded electronic module with an integrated electromagnetic shield using SMT shield wall components has been described.