Abstract:
This invention discloses a number of novel odorant oximes having from 11 to 14 carbon atoms, processes for making same, and odorant compositions containing same.

Description:
THE INVENTION 
     This invention is concerned with novel compounds of the formula: ##STR1## wherein: 
     R is a Δ 3 ,4 alkenyl group of six to twelve carbons, and 
     R&#39; is an alkyl group of one to four carbons provided that the total number of carbon atoms in the compound is between eleven and fourteen. 
     The invention is also concerned with processes for the manufacture of these compounds and their use as odorants. 
     Formula I is intended to embrace the syn- and anti-forms of the oximes. The groups denoted by R and R&#39; can be straight-chain or branched-chain. 
     DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
     As defined, formula I is intended to embrace both oxime isomers with the anti form being preferred. The lower molecular weight oximes wherein the sum of R and R&#39; contain ten to twelve carbon atoms are preferred with the ten to eleven carbon atom analogs being especially preferred. 
     The novel oximes of formula I can be prepared by a process which comprises reacting a ketone of the formula ##STR2## wherein R and R&#39; are as defined above, with hydroxylamine or a salt thereof. 
     The reaction of a ketone of formula II with hydroxylamine or a salt thereof can be carried out according to methods known per se; see, for example, Organikum, Organisch-chemisches Grundpraktikum, Collective Authors; 7th Edition; VEB Deutscher Verlag der Wissenschaften; Berlin 1967, 375. The hydroxylamine or a salt thereof (e.g. the hydrochloride or sulphate) is reacted in pyridine-containing alkaline solution or in aqueous alkaline solution with the ketone of formula II. The reaction is preferably carried out at the reflux temperature of the reaction mixture. The resulting oximes can be purified by distillation. 
     The ketone starting materials of formula II are known or can be prepared according to known methods, for example, by chain-lengthening of simple, commercial ketones (e.g. by means of allyl halides). 
     The compounds of formula I have particular organoleptic properties which make them especially suitable as odorant substances. 
     The oximes provided by the present invention are distinguished by a particular combination of perfumistically valuable properties. They are all either colourless (or at most slightly coloured), readily accessible, the individual batches are constant in odour, non-irritating, stable, and easy to handle. 
     The compounds of formula I are generally reminiscent with respect to odour of notes of blackcurrants, sage, ivy, and grapefruit; on the basis of their natural odour notes and their fixation (long-lasting effect, especially with respect to freshness) they are suitable, in particular, for modifying known compositions, examples of such compositions being: 
     (a) flowery compositions in which, for example, the citrus notes are to be intensified (e.g., for cologne types and the like, as well as essences), 
     (b) fruity compositions, for example of the currant type (essence types), compositions of the feminine as well as of the masculine direction, 
     (c) compositions with green notes, where especially a desired natural effect is produced, and finally 
     (d) compositions in which generally the character of natural oils is striven for (e.g. lilac or lavender). 
     Especially interesting compounds of formula I are: 
     5-Ethyl-7-nonen-4-one oxime 
     Odour: after blackcurrants, natural, earthy, herby. 
     2,4,4,7-Tetramethyl-6-octen-3-one oxime 
     Odour: after blackcurrants, sage, lavender, grapefruit, leek-like. 
     4,7-Dimethyl-6-nonen-3-one oxime 
     Odour: after fresh vegetables, after peas, daisies, privet shrub, good fixation. 
     3-Ethyl-6-methyl-5-octen-2-one oxime: 
     Odour: after fresh vegetables, after ivy, privet shrub. 
     Examples of other compounds of formula I are: 
     2,4,4,6-Tetramethyl-6-hepten-3-one oxime 
     Odour: after fresh vegetables, after tomato leaves, after blackcurrants, very natural. 
     3,3,6-Trimethyl-5-octen-2-one oxime 
     Odour: after grapefruit, currants, good fixation. 
     2,2,7-Trimethyl-6-nonen-3-one oxime 
     Odour: after marsh marigolds, very natural. 
     The compounds of formula I combine with numerous known natural or synthetic ingredients of odorant substance compositions, whereby the range of the natural ingredients can embrace not only readily-volatile but also semi-volatile and slightly-volatile components and the range of the synthetic ingredients can embrace representatives from almost all classes of substances, as will be evident from the following compilation: 
     Natural products such as angelica seed oil, tree moss absolute, basil oil, mugwort oil, bergamot oil, castoreum, acetylated cedarwood oil (e.g. Vertofix® IFF or Cedartone™  Givaudan), coriander oil, oak moss, elemi oil, galbanum oil, geranium oil, jasmine absolute and its substitute, camomile oil, lavandin oil, lavender oil, mandarin oil, mastix absolute, clove bud oil, neroli oil, patchouli oil, petitgrain oil Paraguay, rose oil, rosemary oil, sandalwood oil, styrax, vetiver oil, wormwood oil, ylang-ylang oil, hyssop oil, civet oil and lemon oil. 
     Alcohols such as citronellol, dimethylbenzylcarbinol, Dimetol® Givaudan (2,6-dimethyl-2-heptanol), geraniol, linalool, menthol, 3-methyl-5-(2&#39;,2&#39;,3&#39;-trimethyl-cyclopent-3&#39;-en-1&#39;-yl)-pentan-2-ol (Sandalore® Givaudan), nerol, phenylethyl alcohol, phenylpropyl alcohol, natural rhodinol, terpineol, α-terpineol, 2,2,8-trimethyl-7-nonen-3-ol and cinnamic alcohol. 
     Aldehydes such as α-amylcinnamaldehyde, citral, cyclamen aldehyde, decanal, 3,5-dimethyl-cyclohex-3-ene-carboxaldehyde, n-dodecanal, heliotropin, α-hexylcinnamaldehyde, hydroxycitronellal, methylnonylacetaldehyde, p-tert.butyl-α-methyl-dihydro-cinnamic aldehyde (e.g. Lilial® Givaudan and n-undecen-10-al. 
     Ketones such as acetylcedrene, allyl ionone, p-hydroxybenzyl-acetone, α-ionone, 2,4,4,7-tetramethyl-6,8-nonadien-3-one, p-methylacetophenone, methyl ionone and 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1,1-dimethyl-4-propionyl-naphthalene. 
     Esters such as ethyl acetoacetate, 3-ethyl-1,1-dimethyl-cyclohex-3-ene-2-carboxylic acid ethyl ester (Givescone® Givaudan), 3-ethyl-1,1,4-trimethyl-cyclohex-3-ene-2-carboxylic acid ethyl ester (Myrascone™ Givaudan), allyl phenoxyacetate, amyl salicylate, benzyl acetate, benzyl salicylate, bornyl acetate, cedryl acetate, cinnamyl formate, cis-3-hexenyl acetate, cis-3-hexenyl benzoate, geranyl acetate, hexyl salicylate, isobutyl salicylate, linalyl acetate, linalyl anthranilate, methyl dihydrojasmonate, 4-[4-methyl-3-pentenyl]-cyclohex-3-en-1-yl-carbinyl acetate (e.g. Myraldylacetat™ Givaudan), oxyoctalene formate Giv. (Δ 1  -1,5,9,10-tetramethyl-5-formoxy-octalene), phenylethyl acetate, styrallyl acetate, terpenyl acetate and p-tert.butylcyclohexyl acetate. 
     Lactones such as coumarin, γ-decalactone, γ-dodecalactone, γ-nonalactone and γ-undecalactone. 
     Various additonal components often used in perfumery such as acetaldehyde propylphenyl ethyl acetal, cyclocitrylideneacetonitrile, 1,1-dimethyl-4-acetyl-6-tert.butylindane, dodecahydro-3a,6-6-9a-tetramethyl(2,1-b)furan, eugenol, Galaxolid IFF (7-acetyl-1,1,3,4,4,6-hexamethyl-tetralin), indole, isobutylquinoline, p-menthane-8-thiol-3-one, methyleugenol, methyl 1-methyl-cyclododecyl ether (e.g. Madrox™ Givaudan) and musk compounds [musk ketone, 12-oxahexadecanolide (e.g. Musk 174™ Naarden) and 8,12-oxido-13,14,15,16-tetranorlabdane (Fixateur 404™)]. 
     The compounds of formula I can be used in compositions within wide limits which, for example, can extend from 0.1% in the case of detergents to 50% in the case of alcoholic solutions. It will be appreciated that these values are not limiting values, since the experienced perfumer can also achieve effects with even lower concentrations or can synthesize novel complexes with still higher concentrations. The preferred concentrations range between 0.5% and 25%. The compositions produced with the compounds of formula I can be used for all kinds of perfumed consumer goods (eau de cologne, eau de toilette, essences, lotions, creams, shampoos, soaps, salves, powders, deodorants, detergents, tobacco etc). 
     The compounds of formula I can accordingly be used for the production of compositions and, as will be evident from the foregoing compilation, a wide range of known odorant substances can be used. In the production of such compositions, the known odorant substances referred to earlier can be used according to methods which are known to the perfumer such as, for example, according to W. A. Poucher, Perfumes, Cosmetics and Soaps 2, 7th Edition, Chapman and Hall, London 1974. 
    
    
     ILLUSTRATION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
     The following Examples illustrate the present invention: 
     EXAMPLE 1 
     14.8 g of hydroxylamine sulphate are dissolved in 30 ml of water in a round flask provided with a stirrer, thermometer and condenser. While 29 g of 33% sodium hydroxide are added thereto, the temperature is held at 25° C. by cooling. There is then slowly added dropwise thereto at room temperature a solution of 27 g of 5-ethyl-7-nonen-4-one (boiling point: 74° C./5 mmHg; n D   20  =1.4407) in 50 ml of ethanol. The mixture is thereupon held at reflux temperature for 1 hour. After cooling, the mixture is poured into ice/water, taken up in ether and washed neutral. The solvent is distilled off and there are obtained 26.8 g of crude oxime which are fractionally distilled. 
     Boiling point of the pure 5-ethyl-7-nonen-4-one oxime (10.5 g): 118° C./5 mmHg; n D   20  =1.4691. 
     In an analogous manner, 
     from 41.7 g of 4,7-dimethyl-6-nonen-3-one (boiling point 75° C./6 mmHg; n D   20  =1.4472) and 20.5 g of hydroxylamine sulphate there are obtained 29.1 g of 4,7-dimethyl-6-nonen-3-one oxime; boiling point 85° C./0.5 mmHg; n D   20  =1.4762; 
     from 25.5 g of 3,3,6-trimethyl-5-octen-2-one (boiling point 75° C./6 mmHg; n D   20  =1.4500) and 13.2 g of hydroxylamine sulphate there are obtained 8 g of 3,3,6-trimethyl-5-octen-2-one oxime; boiling point 70° C./0.15 mmHg; n D   20  =1.4790; and 
     from 32.6 g of 2,2,7-trimethyl-6-nonen-3-one (boiling point 88° C./5 mmHg; 1.4448) and 14.8 g of hydroxylamine sulphate there are obtained 1.1 g of 2,2,7-trimethyl-6-nonen-3-one oxime; boiling point 86°-87° C./0.45 mmHg; n D   20  =1.4715. 
     EXAMPLE 2 
     A solution of 20 g of hydroxylamine hydrochloride and 20 g of pyridine in 200 ml of ethanol is held at reflux temperature for 1 hour in a round flask provided with a stirrer, thermometer and condenser. 20 g of 2,4,4,7-tetramethyl-6-octen-3-one (boiling point 76° C./5 mmHg; n D   20  =1.4469) are thereupon added thereto and the mixture is held at reflux temperature for a further 3 hours. The majority of the ethanol is thereupon distilled off. After cooling, the residue is poured into ice/water and taken up in ether. The ether solution is washed firstly with water, then with 5% hydrochloric acid in order to eliminate the excess pyridine and then again with water until it is neutral. After evaporation of the ether, there are obtained 18 g of crude product. 15.3 g of ketone starting material are recovered by distillation. The residue (1.2 g) consists of 2,4,4,7-tetramethyl-6-octen-3-one oxime, n D   20  =1.4770. 
     In an analogous manner, 
     from 30 g of 3-ethyl-6-methyl-5-octen-2-one (boiling point 77° C./6 mmHg; n D   20  =1.4476), 30 g of hydroxylamine hydrochloride and 30 g of pyridine there are obtained 12.8 g of 3-ethyl-6-methyl-5-octen-2-one oxime; boiling point 77° C./0.2 mmHg; n D   20  =1.4750; and 
     from 34 g of 2,4,4,6-tetramethyl-6-hepten-3-one (boiling point 62° C./5 mmHg; n D   20  =1.4445), 34 g of hydroxylamine hydrochloride and 34 g of pyridine there are obtained 1.1 g of 2,4,4,6-tetramethyl-6-hepten-3-one oxime; boiling point 75° C./0.3 mmHg; n D   20  =1.4745. 
     EXAMPLE 3 
     Perfumery base having a general flowery direction: 
     
         ______________________________________                 Parts by weight______________________________________Terpineol               260Hydroxycitronellal      200Phenylethyl alcohol     200Cinnamic alcohol substitute                   100Phenylpropyl alcohol    100Cinnamyl formate         20Linalool                 15Terpenyl acetate         10Musk ketone (1-acetyl-2,6-di-                    10methyl-4-tert.butyl-3,5-dini-trobenzene)Geranyl acetate          10Jasmine synthetic        10Eugenol                  5Undecalactone            5p-Methylacetophenone     5Indole [10% in dipropylene glycol (DPG]                    5C--10-aldehyde (n-decanal) (10% in DPG)                    5                   960______________________________________ 
    
     An addition of 60 parts of 5-ethyl-7-nonen-4-one oxime confers to this base, which originally exhibits a direction more of lilac, much more fruity, sweet and warmer notes. The novel base is now pleasantly oriental and, in addition, a note in the direction of orchids can be recognized. The novel oxime combines excellently with the ingredients of this base. 
     EXAMPLE 4 
     Perfumery base in the direction of tea: 
     
         ______________________________________                Parts by weight______________________________________Bergamot oil           150Linalool               100Hydroxycitronellal     100Methyl dihydrojasmonate                  60Patchouli oil          40Basil oil              30Methyleugenol          20β-Ionone          20Formiate oxyoctaline ™ Giv (3,4,5,6,                  107,8,9,10-octahydro-1,6,9,10-tetra-methyl-5-formoxynaphthalene)Galaxolide ® IFF (1,3,4,6,7,8-hexa-                  10hydro-4,6,6,7,8,8-hexamethylcyclo-penta-γ-2-benzopyran)Bornyl acetate         10Corps Lavande ™ Giv (2,2,8-trimethyl-                  107-nonen-3-ol)Tree moss absolute colourless                  10lemon oil              10Vertofix ® IFF (acetylcedrene)                  10Indole (10% in DPG)    10DPG                    350                  950______________________________________ 
    
     If 50 parts of 5-ethyl-7-nonen-4-one oxime are added to this chypre base, then it is modified surprisingly in the direction of tea. It is now fresher, greener, more spicy and more herby, thus having the very typical aspect of Chinese smoke-tea. 
     EXAMPLE 5 
     Perfumery chypre base: 
     
         ______________________________________              Parts by weight______________________________________Hydroxycitronellal   100Bergamot oil         80Methyl dihydrojasmonate                80α-Hexylcinnamaldehyde                80Phenylethyl alcohol  80Tree moss absolute (colourless)                40Patchouli oil        40Linalool             40α-Ionone       40Musk ketone (1-acetyl-2,6-dimethyl-                404-tert.butyl-3,.5-dinitrobenzene)Vetiver oil          20Sandalwood oil       20Benzyl acetate       20Styrallyl acetate     5Undecalactone         5C--11-aldehyde (10% in DPG)                 5(ω-undecenal)Civet oil (10% in DPG)                 5DPG                  200                900______________________________________ 
    
     If 100 parts of 5-ethyl-7-nonen-4-one oxime are added to the foregoing chypre base, then the resulting base is much more powdery, more fruity, also more woody and therewith warmer. A slight spicy undertone confers to the resulting chypre base a very individual element which can be used very well in modern perfumery. 
     EXAMPLE 6 
     Perfumery green base: 
     
         ______________________________________              Parts by weight______________________________________Bergamot oil         200Labienone ® Giv (2,4,4,7-tetrame-                200thyl-6,8-nonadien-3-one)Tetrascone ® Giv (1,2,3,4-tetra-                100hydro-1,1-dimethyl-4-propionyl-naphthalene)Linalyl acetate      100α-Hexylcinnamaldehyde                100Benzyl salicylate    100Methyl dihydrojasmonate                 60Basil oil             30Linalyl anthranilate  20Mastix oil            10Corps Cassis ® Giv (8-mercapto-p-                 5menthane-3-one)Galbanum oil          5DPG                   50                980______________________________________ 
    
     An addition of 20 parts of 2,4,4,7-tetramethyl-6-octen-3-one oxime surprisingly introduces into this green base a very pleasant, fruity note which is very strongly reminiscent of grapefruit. Therewith, the base is modified powerfully; whereas the original base is generally flowery-green, the novel base is altered in an original manner in the direction of modern cologne. It is much fresher and substantially more powerful. 
     EXAMPLE 7 
     Perfumery base in the direction of linden flower: 
     
         ______________________________________              Parts by weight______________________________________Hydroxycitronellal   150Lilial ® Giv (p-tert.butyl-α-methyl-                150hydrocinnamaldehydeLinalool             150DPG                  100α-Ionone       100Phenylethyl alcohol   50n-Hexyl salicylate    40Linalyl anthranilate  35Galbanum synthetic    20Camomile oil Roman    5                800______________________________________ 
    
     If 200 parts of 4,7-dimethyl-6-nonen-3-one oxime are added to this flowery base, which is primarily generally flowery, it is altered very pleasantly in the direction of linden flower. A very fresh, green and at the same time much softer note now appears. Moreover, the flowery effect is intensified. 
     EXAMPLE 8 
     Perfumery base in the direction of cyclamen: 
     
         ______________________________________             Parts by weight______________________________________DPG                 260Phenylethyl alcohol 150Cyclamen aldehyde   100Linalyl acetate     80Geraniol            80Benzyl acetate      70Hydroxycitronellal  50a-Ionone            50α-Amylcinnamaldehyde               50Linalool            40C--12-aldehyde (lauric) (10% in               20propylene glycol)               950______________________________________ 
    
     If 50 parts of 4,7-dimethyl-6-nonen-3-one oxime are added to this base, then the base becomes substantially greener, fresher and more flowery. The typical cyclamen aspect is underlined in a very advantageous manner. 
     An addition of 50 parts of 3-ethyl-6-methyl-5-octen-2-one oxime brings into prominence a fruity-fresh note which combines very pleasantly with the flowery note. 
     EXAMPLE 9 
     Perfumery base in the direction of chypre: 
     
         ______________________________________                 Parts by weight______________________________________DPG                     150a-Ionone                100Phenylethyl alcohol     100Corps Lavande ® Giv (2,2,8-tri-                   60methyl-7-nonen-3-ol)α-Hexylcinnamaldehyde                   60Fixolide ® Giv (7-acetyl-1,1,3,4,4,6-                   60hexamethyltetralin)Linalyl acetate         601-Methylcyclododecyl methyl ether                   60Benzyl acetate          30Cedartone (acetylcedrene)                   30Baccartol ® Giv (citronellal-                   30acetone condensation product)Tree moss absolute colourless                   20Styrallyl acetate       20Petitgrain synthetic    20Galbanum synthetic      20Hydroxycitronellal      15Ylang synthetic         10Dimetol ® Giv (2,6-dimethyl-2-hepta-                   10nol)Styrax synthetic        10Mugwort oil             10Isobutylquinoline (10% in DPG)                    5C--11-aldehyde (ω-undecanal) (10% in DPG)                    5Indole (10% in DPG)      5Clove bud oil            5Undecalactone            3Isoeugenol               2                   900______________________________________ 
    
     If 100 parts of 3-ethyl-6-methyl-5-octen-2-one oxime are added to this perfumery chypre base, then its odour character is intensified in an advantageous manner. There results a leather-like, spicy side-note which confers much more volume and life to the composition. It is now very well suited for man&#39;s lines. 
     EXAMPLE 10 
     Perfumery base in the direction of magnolia: 
     
         ______________________________________              Parts by weight______________________________________Lilial ® (p-tert.butyl-α-methyl-                200hydrocinnamaldehydeHydroxycitronellal   170Nerol                150Cinnamic alcohol     100Ylang-ylang oil      100Bergamot oil         60Eugenol              50Heliotropin          40Terpineol            30Citral               20Jasmine substitute   10Benzyl acetate       10Neroli oil           10Cyclamen aldehyde    10C--10-aldehyde (10% in propylene                10glycol                970______________________________________ 
    
     An addition of 30 parts of 3-ethyl-6-methyl-5-octen-2-one oxime brings substantially more volume to this base; it becomes softer, more flowery and at the same time much fresher. 
     After 24 hours, a very distinct green character can be established. The base is much more clinging compared with the original base. 
     EXAMPLE 11 
     Perfumery cologne: 
     
         ______________________________________           Parts by weight______________________________________DPG               265Bergamot oil      200Linalyl acetate   100Linalool          80Lemon oil Italian 80α-Amylcinnamaldehyde             50Methyl dihydrojasmonate             30α-Ionone    30Geraniol          30Citral            20Eugenol           20Tree moss absolute             20Mandarin oil       5Rosemary oil       5Castoreum synthetic              5Ylang oil          5Indole (10% in DPG)              5             950______________________________________ 
    
     An addition of 50 parts of 3-ethyl-6-methyl-5-octen-2-one oxime produces a much greater intensity in this cologne. The base becomes much greener, more powerful, but also more flowery; it also clings much longer. The novel substance exhibits here a very good effect which combines the different elements. The composition is much more harmonious by the addition of 3-ethyl-6-methyl-5-octen-2-one oxime.