Abstract:
A system and methodology that counts a number of moving objects including the pedestrians within predetermined areas. According to certain embodiments, a system comprises an image sensing device and a data processing device. The image sensing device is situated at a predetermined area. The image sensing device retrieves a series of images of the moving objects within the predetermined area. The data processing device is coupled to the image sensing device. The data processing device processes the retrieved image to generate a dynamic background of the first predetermined area and determine a flow of the moving objects thereon.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
       [0001]    1. Field of the Invention 
         [0002]    The present invention relates generally to a system and method for generating a dynamic background, and more particularly to a system and method for generating a dynamic background in a system for analyzing number of people, speed of pedestrians and the direction thereof. 
         [0003]    2. Description of Prior Art 
         [0004]    Conventional inductive loop vehicle detectors provide information about vehicles in an area of the roadway. The inductive loop detector is a low cost and well known technology, but it typically can only monitor a small area. In practice, a loop is embedded in a lane of a roadway, and the loop magnetically senses when a large mass of metal passes over it. By placing two loops a known distance apart, the speed of a vehicle across the two loops can be measured with limited accuracy. Loops therefore provide vehicle count and speed at a specific point in each lane to the traffic manager. Multiple traffic lanes require multiple sets of loops (typically one loop per traffic lane). 
         [0005]    Current techniques available in the conventional inductive loop detector provide no notion of how to solve the problem of analyzing a number of pedestrians, not to mention the result of analyzing a speed of pedestrians and their corresponding direction of movement. 
       SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
       [0006]    Embodiments of the present invention provide an analyzing system and generating system thereof to resolve the foregoing problems faced by the conventional inductive loop detector. Embodiments of the present invention also enjoy the advantage of providing information concerning speed of pedestrians and their relative direction of movement. 
         [0007]    An object of the present invention is to provide an analyzing system and generating system thereof, wherein detailed information on number, speed and direction of moving objects is detected and stored. 
         [0008]    In accordance with an aspect of the present invention, a system for analyzing pedestrian flow comprises an image collecting unit, a storing unit and a determining unit. The image collecting unit is situated at a first predetermined location for collecting an image of the first predetermined location. The storing unit is used for storing image collected by the image collecting unit. The determining unit is used for determining pedestrian flow in the first predetermined location. The determining unit has a generating module and a discriminating module. The generating module is used for generating a background of the first predetermined location. The discriminating module is used for discriminating the pedestrian flow in the first predetermined location. The generating module records first image to n-th image collected by the image collecting unit at time point t1 until time point to respectively, and chooses one most frequently appeared image of the n images. The most frequently appeared image is determined as the background of the first predetermined location. 
         [0009]    In embodiments of the invention, the image collecting unit may be waterproof, wireless, and may comprise a CCD (Charge Coupled Device) camera. In embodiments of the invention, the first predetermined location is an intersection. In certain embodiments, the determining unit is situated at the first predetermined location, and the storing unit is situated at the first predetermined location. In other embodiments, the determining unit is situated at a second predetermined location, and the storing unit is situated at the second predetermined location as well. In yet other embodiments, the storing unit is situated at a third predetermined location. 
         [0010]    In accordance with another aspect of the present invention, a system for generating a dynamic background of a first predetermined location is suitable for an analyzing system. The analyzing system provides a time point t1 until a time point tn. The system for generating a dynamic background comprises a recording unit and an analyzing unit. The recording unit is used for recording a first image to an n-th image at a time point t1 until a time point tn respectively. The analyzing unit is used for analyzing every pixel in the n images. The most frequently appeared imagemost frequently appeared image value is determined as background value of the pixel. The background value of each pixel is then integrated into the dynamic background of the first predetermined location. 
         [0011]    In embodiments of the invention, the analyzing system retrieves the first image to the n-th image at the time point t1 until the time point tn respectively. Each time interval between the n consecutive time points is the same. The dynamic background of the first predetermined location is transmitted to the analyzing system. The analyzing system analyzes data of the n images. 
         [0012]    In accordance with a third aspect of the present invention, a method for generating a dynamic background of a first predetermined location comprises the steps of: providing a time point t1 until a time point tn, where n is a positive integer; recording a first image to an n-th image at the time point t1 until the time point tn respectively; and analyzing every pixel in the n images, the most frequently appeared image value being determined as background value of the pixel, the background value of each pixel is then integrated into the dynamic background of the first predetermined location. 
         [0013]    In embodiments of the invention, the method further comprises the step of retrieving the first image to the n-th image by the analyzing system at the time point t1 until the time point tn respectively. Each time interval between the n consecutive time points is the same. 
         [0014]    The present invention may best be understood through the following description with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0015]      FIG. 1  shows a schematic block diagram of an analyzing system of an embodiment according to the present invention. 
           [0016]      FIG. 2  shows a schematic flow chart of an analyzing system of another embodiment according to the present invention. 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT 
       [0017]    The present invention will now be described more specifically with reference to the following embodiments. It is to be noted that the following descriptions of preferred embodiments of this invention are presented herein for the purpose of illustration and description only. It is not intended to be exhaustive or to be limited to the precise form disclosed. 
         [0018]    Embodiments of the present invention embody a new analyzing system to detect a number, speed, and direction of moving objects. Accordingly, the information can be stored and add value in analyzing pedestrian flow at a predetermined location or area. 
         [0019]    According to one embodiment of the present invention, an analyzing system for analyzing pedestrian flow comprises an image collecting unit, a storing unit and a determining unit. The image collecting unit is situated at a first predetermined location for collecting an image of the first predetermined location. The storing unit is used for storing image collected by the image collecting unit. The determining unit is used for determining pedestrian flow in the first predetermined location. The determining unit has a generating module and a discriminating module. The generating module is used for generating a background of the first predetermined location. The discriminating module is used for discriminating the pedestrian flow in the first predetermined location. The generating module records first image to n-th image collected by the image collecting unit at time point t1 until time point to respectively, and chooses one most frequently appeared image of the n images. The most frequently appeared image is determined as the background of the first predetermined location. 
         [0020]    In certain embodiments, the image collecting unit may be waterproof, wireless, and may comprise a CCD (Charge Coupled Device) camera. Such embodiments are well suited for being situated outdoors, and for the ready communication of information, without requiring hard-wiring of the device components. The image collecting unit is situated at the first predetermined location. In one embodiment, the first predetermined location is at least an intersection and the image collecting unit is configured to count pedestrians. 
         [0021]    Referring to  FIG. 1 , a schematic block diagram of an analyzing system of a preferred embodiment according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention is shown. A system  10  for generating a dynamic background of a first predetermined location is suitable for the analyzing system  16 . The analyzing system  16  provides a time point t1 until a time point tn. The system  10  for generating a dynamic background comprises a recording unit  12  and an analyzing unit  14 . The analyzing system  16  may comprise at least a CCD (Charge Coupled Device) camera. The CCD camera may be waterproof and wireless. The analyzing system  16  retrieves the first image to the n-th image at the time point t1 until the time point tn respectively. Each time interval between the n consecutive time points is the same. 
         [0022]    The recording unit  12  is used for recording a first image to an n-th image at a time point t1 until a time point tn respectively. The moving objects, such as pedestrians, and background of the first predetermined location at every time point are recorded in the n images. The analyzing unit  14  is used for analyzing every pixel in the n images. The most frequently appeared image value is determined as background value of the pixel. The background value of each pixel is then integrated into the dynamic background of the first predetermined location. The dynamic background of the first predetermined location is transmitted to the analyzing system  16 . The analyzing system  16  may analyze data of the n images for further added value processing. Hence, flow of the moving objects on the images could be determined. 
         [0023]    According to another embodiment of the present invention, a system for analyzing pedestrian flow comprises an image collecting unit, a storing unit and a determining unit. The image collecting unit is situated at a first predetermined location for collecting an image of the first predetermined location. The storing unit is used for storing image collected by the image collecting unit. The determining unit is used for determining pedestrian flow in the first predetermined location. The determining unit has a generating module and a discriminating module. The generating module is used for generating a background of the first predetermined location. The discriminating module is used for discriminating the pedestrian flow in the first predetermined location. The generating module records first image to n-th image collected by the image collecting unit at time point t1 until time point to respectively, and chooses one most frequently appeared image of the n images. The most frequently appeared image is determined as the background of the first predetermined location. 
         [0024]    In embodiments of the invention, the image collecting unit may be waterproof, wireless, and may comprise a CCD (Charge Coupled Device) camera. In one embodiment, the first predetermined location is an intersection, and the determining unit is situated at the first predetermined location. In another embodiment, the determining unit is situated at a second predetermined location. Similarly, in various embodiments, the storing unit may be situated at either the first predetermined location, the second predetermined location, or the third predetermined location. 
         [0025]    Referring to  FIG. 2 , a schematic block diagram of a counting system of another embodiment, according to the present invention, is shown. The analyzing system  16  for analyzing pedestrian flow of this embodiment is adapted for counting the number of moving objects, which comprises an image collecting unit  22 , a storing unit  24  and a determining unit  40 . 
         [0026]    The image collecting unit  22  is situated at a first predetermined location for collecting image of the first predetermined location. The first predetermined location is at least an intersection. The image collecting unit  22  may be waterproof. The image collecting unit  22  may be wireless. The image collecting unit  22  may be at least a CCD (Charge Coupled Device) camera. 
         [0027]    The storing unit  24  is coupled to the image collecting unit  22 . The storing unit  24  is used for storing image collected by the image collecting unit  22 . The determining unit  40  is used for determining pedestrian flow in the first predetermined location, wherein the determining unit  40  has a generating module  30  and a discriminating module  28 . 
         [0028]    The generating module  30  is used for generating a dynamic background of the predetermined location. The discriminating module  28  is used for discriminating the pedestrian flow in the first predetermined location. The generating module  30  records first image to n-th image collected by the image collecting unit at time point t1 until time point to respectively, and chooses one most frequently appeared image of the n images. The most frequently appeared image is determined as the background of the first predetermined location. 
         [0029]    The determining unit  40  may be situated at the first predetermined location. Alternatively, the determining unit  40  may be situated at a second predetermined location. The storing unit  24  may be situated at the first predetermined location. Alternatively, the storing unit  24  may be situated at the second predetermined location, along with the determining unit  40 . Also, the storing unit may be situated at a third predetermined location separately. 
         [0030]    For the sake of cost-savings and efficiency, one may equip the image collecting unit  22  only at the intersection, while the retrieved image is remotely transmitted to the storing unit  24  and the determining unit for further added value processing. 
         [0031]    While the invention has been described in terms of what are presently considered to be the most practical and preferred embodiments, it is to be understood that the invention need not be limited to the disclosed embodiment. On the contrary, it is intended to cover various modifications and similar arrangements included within the spirit and scope of the appended claims which are to be accorded with the broadest interpretation so as to encompass all such modifications and similar structures.