Abstract:
Disclosed is a nebulizer having attached housing, which is attached in a way that permits removal, which housing holds containers of liquid medication for dispensing via nebulization, which nebulizer is constructed to allow containers holding the medication to be used and held within the housing provided that such containers match or conform to the certain mechanical requirements of the nebulizer and housing.

Description:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention relates to a nebuliser for a fluid into which a container holding the fluid can be inserted, having a pressure generator for conveying and/or nebulising the fluid and preferably with a housing part that can be removed in order to insert the container, while coding means are provided which cooperate so that the container can only be inserted in the nebuliser or used therewith if the coding means have a matching coding. The present invention also relates to housing-like component for such a nebuliser. 
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     The starting point of the present invention is a nebuliser sold under the brand name “Respimat” by Boehringer Ingelheim K G, in the form of an inhaler as described in basic terms in WO 91/14468 A1 and in a specific embodiment in WO 97/12687 A1 (FIGS. 6a, 6b) and in  FIGS. 1 and 2  of the appended drawings. The nebuliser comprises, as a reservoir for a fluid that is to be nebulised, an insertable container holding the fluid and a pressure generator having a drive spring for conveying and nebulising the fluid. 
     To supplement the disclosure of the present patent application reference is hereby made, in a precautionary capacity, to the complete disclosure of both WO 91/14468 A1 and WO 97/12687 A1. Generally, the disclosure contained therein relates preferably to a nebuliser having a spring pressure of 5 to 60 mPa, preferably 10 to 50 mPa on the fluid, with volumes per actuation of 10 to 50 μl, preferably 10 to 20 μl, most preferably about 15 μl per actuation, and particle sizes of up to 20 μm, preferably 3 to 10 μm. 
     Moreover, the disclosure contained therein relates preferably to a nebuliser with a cylinder-like shape and with dimensions of about 9 cm to about 15 cm in length and about 2 cm to about 5 cm in width and with a nozzle spray cone of 20° to 160°, preferably 80° to 100°. These values are deemed to be particularly preferred for the nebuliser according to the teaching of the invention as well. 
     By rotating an actuating member in the form of a lower housing part of the nebuliser, the drive spring can be tensioned and fluid can be aspirated into a pressure chamber of the pressure generator. After manual actuation of a blocking element, the fluid in the pressure chamber is put under pressure by the drive spring and nebulised, i.e. discharged to form an aerosol. During the tensioning on the one hand and the subsequent nebulisation on the other hand the container performs an actuating movement. 
     The nebuliser comprises a mechanical monitoring device which detects the rotation of the actuating member in order to count the number of actuations of the nebuliser. 
     In the known nebulisers, containers may be used containing different fluids, i.e. in particular different medicaments or active substances. To protect such a nebuliser and a container for such a nebuliser more effectively from a mix-up with the container during use, WO 2005/080002 A1 proposed an improved nebuliser and an improved container. 
     The fundamental improvement was to provide a coding so that only a specific container or a number of specific containers could be used with, in particular could be inserted in, a nebuliser intended for them. For this purpose, the nebuliser comprises first coding means, while second coding means are associated with the container. The coding means cooperate with one another such that the container with the associated second coding means can only be inserted in or used with the nebuliser when the coding means match or form a matching coding. 
     As this publication forms the direct starting point of the present invention that constitutes the preamble of the above-mentioned claims, to supplement the disclosure of the present patent application reference is also made, in a precautionary capacity, to the complete disclosure of this specification. 
     The known nebulisers, as well as the nebuliser according to the present invention, operate purely mechanically, i.e. with no propellant gas and with no electrics. 
     Preferably, the coding also operates and works purely mechanically so that it can be provided in a simple and inexpensive manner and with a high degree of operational reliability. 
     According to the prior art, the complementary coding means that are operatively connected can only ever provide a specific coding. 
     In order to produce a different coding, it is necessary to use different coding means, both for the nebuliser and for the housing-like component. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention is based on the problem of providing a nebuliser or a housing-mounted component for such a nebuliser with improved coding options. 
     The invention therefore initially starts from a nebuliser for a fluid into which a container holding the fluid can be inserted, having a pressure generator for conveying and/or nebulising the fluid and preferably with a housing part that can be removed in order to insert the container, while coding means are provided which cooperate so that the container can only be inserted in the nebuliser or used therewith if the coding means have a matching coding. 
     It is now provided, according to the invention, that at least one of the coding means can be mounted in different defined positions such that in each position a different coding is obtained in which the coding means match one another. 
     The proposed solution leads to a substantially greater flexibility in terms of the generation of possible codes without the need to replace or re-design all of the coding means if it is desired to change the code. As a result, the provision of differently configured coding means can be avoided, in spite of the use of different active substances in the nebuliser, different concentrations of active substances in the fluid and/or the amount of fluid added to the container up to a certain level. 
     Thus with regard to the coding means the invention is moving more towards a concept of carry-over parts. 
     According to a first advantageous further feature of the invention it is provided that at least one of the coding means can be mounted in different defined positions on the nebuliser and at least one other of the coding means can be mounted in different defined positions or at least replaceably on the removable housing part. In this way, a comparatively large number of possible codings can be obtained while achieving a high proportion of carry-over parts. 
     The possibility, at least, of replacing the coding means on the removable housing part means that if there is a need for a different coding it is not necessary to reconstruct the entire removable housing part but only to replace the coding means. 
     According to another embodiment of the inventive concept, both the at least one coding means associated with the removable housing part and also the at least one other coding means associated with the nebuliser can be mounted in different defined positions. In this way it is possible to achieve the comparatively greatest flexibility. 
     At the same time, expediently, if the coding does not match, at least the container is prevented from being fully inserted, and in particular it is impossible for the fluid to make contact with the pressure generator or a conveying tube. 
     As already mentioned, the coding means preferably cooperate mechanically with one another, for reasons of simplicity and reliability. 
     The coding means can be or are mounted on the nebuliser subsequently and/or in such a way that they can be released only using a special tool. This is intended on the one hand to increase the flexibility and on the other hand to allow for handling. 
     The coding means are expediently mounted on the nebuliser in frictionally and/or positively locking manner, in particular by clipping, clamping or screwing. 
     Moreover, at least one of the coding means is configured to be at least partly in the shape of a ring, sleeve, bracket, cam, web, groove and/or hook. 
     According to another advantageous embodiment of the invention, it may be envisaged that the at least one coding means associated with the removable housing part is configured in the manner of part of the wall of an imaginary hollow cylinder, the wall having at least one freely passable groove extending in the direction of an axis of symmetry of the imaginary hollow cylinder, and that at least one other coding means associated with the nebuliser is provided in annular form, having at least one nose-like projection for movably engaging in the groove, the annular coding means comprising a plurality of openings on one of its end faces and a plurality of pin-like projections on an opposite end face. 
     Such a design has good mechanical stability. 
     According to another highly expedient embodiment of the inventive concept, as an additional feature, the at least one coding means associated with the removable housing part has a plurality of grooves, one groove of which is freely passable while the other grooves are rendered non-passable by transverse walls. 
     The transverse walls may each be embodied in particular in the manner of a frangible point. 
     In this way it is possible to carry out any desired coding of a coding means, configured in principle as a carry-over part, in a comparatively simple production step shortly before assembly in a nebuliser, by punching through the corresponding transverse walls of a groove accordingly. 
     If two coding means associated with the removable housing part and two coding means associated with the nebuliser are provided, a comparatively large number of coding combinations can be achieved while ensuring high mechanical stability. 
     According to another advantageous embodiment of the invention, the coding means associated with the removable housing part may comprise at least two walls each configured in the manner of part of the wall of an imaginary hollow cylinder, which are offset from one another particularly by about 180 degrees, the walls each having at least one groove extending in the direction of insertion of the container, and the walls being integrally connected to one another and the coding means associated with the nebuliser being of a sleeve-shaped configuration, while the walls of the coding means associated with the removable housing part radially surround the coding means associated with the nebuliser at least in parts and guide means for the coding means engage with one another. 
     In this way the variety of parts needed can be reduced and the mounting of the coding means can be simplified. At the same time, good stability of the nebuliser is ensured. 
     Conveniently, the coding means associated with the removable housing part can be moved into a position in which it is freely rotatable in the housing part, at least over a limited angular range, and by pushing further into the housing part can be moved into a position in which it is no longer rotatable. 
     This makes it possible, by simple means, to fix the coding in the manufacturing process at the latest possible point in time. The final coding can be definitively determined by simple measures (rotation, pushing further in). This ensures a very assembly-friendly coding. 
     Preferably, seven positions are provided into which the coding means associated with the nebuliser can be moved by rotation and further pushing into a clearly defined position which is no longer rotatable. Obviously a different number is also possible. 
     Similarly, the coding means associated with the nebuliser can expediently be moved into a position in which it is freely rotatable on the nebuliser at least over a limited angular range and can be moved, by pushing further onto the nebuliser, into a position in which it is no longer rotatable. In this way, the advantages mentioned above can be achieved, while in this case preferably seven selectable positions are available in which the final coding for the coding means associated with the nebuliser can be fixed. 
     According to another advantageous embodiment of the nebuliser according to the invention, at least two basically annular coding means are provided, each having openings or pin-like projections uniformly distributed around their circumference which respectively cooperate with pin-like projections or openings in the nebuliser or the removable housing part, respectively, while one coding means associated with the removable housing part comprises at least one projection extending in the direction of insertion of the container, and the other coding means associated with the nebuliser comprises at least one recess extending in the direction of insertion of the container, which is configured to accommodate the projection. 
     This embodiment of the invention allows a flexibly adjustable coding with just a few, particularly only two, coding means. 
     The recess and the projection may each be of rectangular configuration. Such a shape is easy to manufacture and also allows stable coding. 
     The removable housing part may preferably comprise an encircling groove and the projection may have a radially outwardly directed hook-like nose for engaging in the groove. 
     In this way, it can be very effectively ensured that the projection of the coding means associated with the removable housing part is not displaced radially inwardly, thereby interfering with the assembly of the removable housing part on the nebuliser and hence the insertion of the container. 
     In other words, the projection of the coding means associated with the removable housing part is thus fixed radially externally on the removable housing part. This fixing may naturally be achieved by some other method. For example, such a fixing may also be supplied by latching means or the like. 
     As already mentioned, however, the invention also relates to a housing-like component which can be used as a component of a nebuliser that is configured in particular according to one of the embodiments described above. 
     The invention starts from a housing-like component which comprises at least one coding means for clearly identifying a container that can be attached to the housing-like component, the fluid held in the container, the active substance concentration of the fluid and/or the quantity of fluid held in the container. 
     According to the invention, it is now proposed that the coding means be configured to be mountable, or at least replaceable, in different defined positions on or in the housing-like component. 
     Thus, the housing-like component can also be adapted to different codings with only one coding means. At least when the coding has to be changed there is no need to replace the entire housing-like component, only the coding means, which will also result in cost savings. 
     It may advantageously be envisaged that the coding means is configured in the manner of part of the wall of an imaginary hollow cylinder, the wall having at least one freely passable groove extending in the direction of an axis of symmetry of the imaginary hollow cylinder. 
     It is particularly convenient if the wall of the coding means comprises several, particularly four, grooves, of which only one groove is freely passable. The other grooves can then be closed off by thin transverse walls, each preferably in the form of a frangible point. 
     Before the manufacture of the housing-like component or before the final coding, all the grooves of the coding means are preferably closed off by the above-mentioned transverse walls. The transverse walls are expediently each located in the entry or exit region of the groove in question. 
     For the final coding, the transverse walls of a selected groove are removed, preferably by punching through, and the groove is thus made freely passable. The transverse walls of the other grooves still remain. 
     By the formation of transverse walls at both ends of the respective groove, two different codings can be obtained simply by rotating the coding means through 180 degrees. 
     Preferably, two coding means are provided which are, in particular, arranged offset from one another by about 180 degrees in the housing-like component. Tests have shown that such an arrangement makes it possible to achieve good stability of the housing-like component with the coding located therein. 
     The housing-like component may be of a very assembly-friendly design if the coding means has at least two walls, each configured in the manner of part of the wall of an imaginary hollow cylinder which are offset from one another by 180 degrees, in particular, the walls each having at least one groove extending in the direction of an axis of symmetry of the imaginary hollow cylinder and the walls being integrally connected to one another. 
     However, according to another feature of the invention, the coding means may be of annular configuration and has, on its end faces, openings or pin-like projections uniformly distributed around the circumference, each cooperating with pin-like projections or openings on the housing-like component, the coding means having at least one projection extending out of a plane of the annular coding means. 
     This is a possible method of providing the housing-like component with different coding using simple means, particularly only one coding means. 
     The projection is preferably rectangular in configuration and can then cooperate with a correspondingly shaped recess in a coding means in a nebuliser into which the housing-like component is to be used or inserted. 
     To facilitate assembly, the removable housing part has a peripheral groove and the projection has a radially outwardly directed hook-like nose for engaging in the groove. 
     Thus, it is ensured that the projection is fixed radially outside on the inner wall of the removable housing part and therefore cannot accidentally move radially inwards and impede the mounting of the housing-like component on a nebuliser. Thanks to the groove provided around the inner wall of the housing-like component it is easy to secure the projection radially in any rotational position (coding) of the coding element. 
     Expediently, a container holding a specific medicament or a specific active substance is connected to the housing-like component in fixed manner, i.e. so as to be releasable only by means of a special tool, and is thus embodied as a clearly coded retail unit that cannot be mistaken for another. 
     The housing parts of the nebuliser and the removable housing part are preferably made of plastics by injection moulding. Preferably, polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) or acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS) can be used for this. 
     Preferred embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the drawings and described in more detail in the description that follows. Identical reference numerals refer to identical, comparable or functionally similar components. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       The drawings schematically show: 
         FIG. 1  a longitudinal section through a known nebuliser in the untensioned state, 
         FIG. 2  a longitudinal section through the known nebuliser in the tensioned state, rotated through 90 degrees compared with  FIG. 1 , 
         FIG. 3  a perspective view of a proposed removable housing part with an active substance container which can be inserted in a proposed nebuliser, 
         FIG. 4  a partial perspective view of a proposed nebuliser on which the housing-like component according to  FIG. 3  can be mounted, 
         FIG. 5  a longitudinal section through a proposed nebuliser with a releasable lower housing part already fitted, 
         FIG. 6  a perspective detailed view of a coding means used in the proposed releasable lower housing part, 
         FIG. 7  a representation of the coding means according to view VII in  FIG. 6 , 
         FIG. 8  a perspective representation of two coding means mounted on the proposed nebuliser according to  FIG. 4  (upper housing part), 
         FIG. 9  the perspective view of a proposed releasable lower housing part according to a second embodiment, 
         FIG. 10 a  to  c    the lower housing part according to  FIG. 9  in a perspective view, showing different positions of the coding element, 
         FIG. 11  a perspective sectional view of the lower housing part according to  FIG. 9  but without a container, 
         FIG. 12 a  to  c    a perspective partial view of a proposed nebuliser on which the lower housing part according to  FIG. 9  can be mounted, having a sleeve-like coding means, in different positions, 
         FIG. 13  a perspective view of a proposed nebuliser with the lower housing part fitted thereon, in a third embodiment, 
         FIG. 14  a perspective detailed view of the coding means used in the upper housing part or in the lower housing part of the proposed nebuliser according to  FIG. 13 , 
         FIG. 15  a partial section through the embodiment shown in  FIG. 13 , taken along sectional view XV, and 
         FIG. 16  a sectional view rotated through 90 degrees in relation to  FIG. 15 . 
     
    
    
     In the figures the same reference numerals are used for identical or similar parts, where corresponding or comparable properties and advantages are obtained even though the description has not been repeated. 
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
       FIGS. 1 and 2  show a known nebuliser  1  for nebulising a fluid  2 , particularly a highly effective medicament or the like, in a schematic view in the non-tensioned state ( FIG. 1 ) and in the tensioned state ( FIG. 2 ). The nebuliser  1  is embodied in particular as a portable inhaler and preferably operates without any propellant gas. 
     When the fluid  2 , preferably a liquid, more particularly a medicament, is nebulised, an aerosol is formed that can be breathed in or inhaled by a user (not shown). Usually the inhalation takes place at least once a day, particularly several times a day, preferably at predetermined time intervals. 
     The nebuliser  1  has an insertable and preferably replaceable container  3  holding the fluid and forming a reservoir for the fluid  2  that is to be nebulised. Preferably, the container  3  contains sufficient fluid  2  for multiple applications, particularly for a predetermined administration period such as one month, or for at least 50, preferably at least 100 doses or sprays. 
     The container  3  is substantially cylindrical or cartridge-shaped and can be inserted, and optionally replaced, in the nebuliser  1  after the latter has been opened. It is preferably of rigid construction, the fluid  2  preferably being held in a bag  4  within the container  3 . 
     The nebuliser  1  comprises a pressure generator  5  for conveying and nebulising the fluid  2 , particularly in a predetermined, optionally adjustable dosage amount. The pressure generator  5  has a holder  6  for the container  3 , an associated drive spring  7  (only partly shown) having a blocking element  8  that can be manually operated to release it, a conveying tube  9  with a non-return valve  10 , a pressure chamber  11  and an expulsion nozzle  12  in the region of a mouthpiece  13 . 
     During the axial tensioning of the drive spring  7 , the holder  6  with the container  3  and the conveying tube  9  is moved downwards, in the drawings, and fluid  2  is aspirated out of the container  3  into the pressure chamber  11  of the pressure generator  5  via the non-return valve  10 . As the expulsion nozzle  12  has a very small cross-section of flow and is embodied in particular as a capillary, a throttle effect is produced that is strong enough to reliably prevent any air being sucked in at this point even without a non-return valve. 
     During the subsequent relaxation after actuation of the locking element  8 , the fluid  2  in the pressure chamber  11  is put under pressure by the drive spring  7  moving the conveying tube  9  back upwards—i.e. by spring force—and is expelled through the expulsion nozzle  12  where it is nebulised, particularly into particles in the μm or nm range, preferably into particles destined for the lungs measuring about 5 μm, which form a cloud or jet of aerosol  14 , as indicated in  FIG. 1 . The conveying and nebulising of the fluid  2  are thus carried out purely mechanically, i.e. without propellant gas and without electrical means. 
     A user (not shown) can inhale the aerosol  14 , while an air supply can be sucked into the mouthpiece  13  through at least one air supply opening  15 . 
     The nebuliser  1  comprises an upper housing part  16  and an inner part  17  which is rotatable relative thereto, on which an in particular manually operable housing part  18  is releasably fixed, particularly fitted on, preferably by means of a retaining element  19 . In order to insert and/or replace the container  3 , the housing part  18  can be detached from the nebuliser  1 . 
     By manually rotating the housing part  18 , the inner part  17  can be rotated relative to the upper housing part  16 , by means of which the drive spring  7  can be tensioned in the axial direction by means of a gear (not shown) acting on the holder  6 . During tensioning, the container  3  is moved axially downwards until the container  3  assumes an end position as shown in  FIG. 2  in the tensioned state. During the nebulising process the container  3  is moved back into its original position by the drive spring  7 . 
     The housing part  18  preferably forms a cap-like lower housing part and fits around or over a lower free end position of the container  3 , with which it can be pushed in a direction of insertion E onto or into the upper housing part  16  and attached thereto. As the drive spring  7  is tensioned, the container  3  moves with its end portion (further) into the housing part  18  or towards the end face thereof, while an axially acting spring  20  arranged in the housing part  18  comes to bear on the base  21  of the container and pierces the container  3  or a base seal thereon with a piercing element  22  when the container makes contact with it for the first time, to allow air in. 
     The nebuliser  1  comprises a monitoring device  23  which counts the actuations of the nebuliser  1 , preferably by detecting the rotation of the inner part  17  relative to the upper part  16  of the housing. The monitoring device  23  operates purely mechanically in the embodiment shown. 
     The construction and mode of operation of a proposed nebuliser  1  and a proposed housing-like component  18  will now be described in more detail. Reference is made to  FIGS. 3 to 16 . However, only the essential differences from the known nebuliser  1  shown in  FIGS. 1 and 2  will be emphasised. The remarks relating to  FIGS. 1 and 2  thus apply accordingly or in a supplementary capacity. 
     Reference will be made first to  FIGS. 3 to 5 . 
     These show a first embodiment of a proposed nebuliser  1 . 
     The nebuliser  1  comprises an upper housing part  16  and a lower housing part  18  that can be releasably connected to the upper housing part  16 . 
     A container  3  holding a specific active substance is already fixedly attached within the lower housing part  18 , so that the lower housing part  18  forms a retail unit with the container  3 . 
     The lower housing part  18  is provided with a monitoring device  23 . In addition, the lower housing part  18  accommodates two coding means, each having a freely passable groove  260  and a plurality of grooves  261  that are not freely passable. 
     The form and function of the coding means  26  will be explained in more detail hereinafter. 
     The upper housing part  16 , in return, has two identically constructed coding means  25  that are connected to a closure member  24 . 
     Moreover, pin-like projections  250  and a radially projecting nose  251  of the coding means  25  are shown. 
     The closure member  24  is held in latching openings  170  of the inner part  17  by latching elements  240 . 
     A locking and unlocking element  242  is integrally connected to the closure member  24 . 
     The locking and unlocking element  242  can be pressed in radially and serves to lock or unlock the releasable lower housing part  18 . 
       FIG. 5  shows that the coding means  26  abut with their outer walls on the inner wall of the lower housing part  18 . As will be explained in more detail below, they cooperate with the coding means  25  attached to the upper housing part  16 . 
     The container  3  is fixedly attached to the lower housing part  18  by a base element  28 . In particular, the base element  28  comprises several, preferably four, spring-like arms which extend with their ends over a widening base region of the container  3 . 
     The shape and cooperation of the coding means  25  and  26  will now be explained by reference to  FIGS. 6 to 8 . 
     Each of the coding elements  26  is configured in the manner of part of the wall of an imaginary hollow cylinder H (cf. dashed curved lines in  FIG. 7 ). The wall of the coding means  26  comprises four grooves  261  and  260 , respectively, extending in the direction of an axis of symmetry S of the imaginary hollow cylinder H. 
     The groove  260  is embodied as a freely passable groove, while the grooves  261  have a transverse wall  262  at least at one end, which blocks free passage. 
       FIG. 8  is a more detailed view of the coding means  25  that are connected to the upper housing part  16 . 
     The coding means  25  are of identical construction and are annular in shape. 
     The annular coding means  25  are provided with openings  252  on one end face and with pin-like projections  250  on the opposite side. The openings  252  are configured so that they are able to accommodate the pin-like projections  250 , such that the coding means  25  can lie with their end faces against one another (cf. also  FIGS. 4 and 5 ). 
     In addition, each coding means  25  comprises a nose  251  on its radially outer side. 
     It is clear that the openings  252  and also the pin-like projections  250  are distributed equidistantly over the circumference of the annular coding means  25 . Preferably, twelve openings  252  are provided on one end face and six pin-like projections  250  are provided on the opposite end face. Thus the coding means  25  and hence the noses  251  can be aligned in a plurality of angular positions relative to one another. 
     The nose  251  is configured so that it can be accommodated in the freely passable groove  260  of the coding means  26  so as to be movable but safely guided. 
     In the production process, depending on the desired coding, the two coding means  25  are fitted together by their end faces and then attached to the upper housing part  16 , particularly on the closure member  24  attached to the inner part  17 . 
     Pin-like projections  241  of the closure member  24  which are provided on the end face engage in the openings  252  of the coding means  25  located above (cf.  FIG. 5 ). 
     The coding means  26  are latched to the inner wall of the lower housing part  18  in a manner not shown in detail. 
     It should be mentioned that before the coding, the coding element  26  is configured so that all the grooves  260  and  261  are provided with the transverse walls  262  (located at the top in  FIG. 6  and indicated by dashed lines below). The transverse walls  262  each preferably take the form of a kind of frangible point. 
     For the final coding, each coding means  26  must be provided with a freely passable groove (the groove  260  in the embodiment shown). This is done by removing both transverse walls  262  of a groove. The transverse walls of the other grooves  261  have to retain at least one transverse wall  262  which has to be aligned with the upper housing part  16  (i.e. at the top, as in  FIG. 6 ) in the assembly position of the coding means  26 , to provide a clear coding. 
     If both transverse walls  262  are left in place in the grooves  261  that are not freely passable (in contrast to the embodiment of  FIG. 6 ), this also has the advantage that by swivelling the coding means  26  through 180° without any further modification a different coding can be achieved, as the freely passable groove  260  will then be in a different place. 
     It will be understood that by the combination of the two coding means  26  with their four respective coding options (grooves) and the two annular coding means  25 , a total of 16 possible codes can be obtained. This therefore provides a high degree of flexibility. 
     Referring to  FIGS. 9 to 12 , a second embodiment of the proposed nebuliser will now be described. 
     A coding means  27  which comprises at least two walls each configured in the manner of part of the wall of an imaginary hollow cylinder (comparable with the coding means  26  in  FIG. 6 ) is inserted in the releasable lower housing part  18 . 
     In this embodiment, the lower housing part  18  is also already fixedly connected to a container  3  as a retail unit, the container  3  additionally being radially supported via an annular support element  29 . 
     The walls of the coding means  27  are preferably offset from one another by about 180 degrees, the walls each having at least one groove  270  extending in the direction of insertion of the container  3 . 
     The walls are integrally connected to one another, as is clear particularly from  FIG. 11 . 
     This figure clearly also shows the base element  28  which serves to attach the container  3  at its base by means of radially inwardly bent arms  281 . 
     Radially outwardly bent arms  280  engage behind the base region of the coding means  27  and hold the latter securely in the lower housing part  18  so that they cannot get lost. In the embodiment shown, the grooves  270  are also offset from one another by about 180 degrees. 
     As can be seen from  FIG. 10  in particular, the two walls of the coding means  27  are provided in the lower region with elongate groove-like indentations  271 . Preferably, seven such indentations  271  are provided. 
     By contrast, the lower housing part  18  comprises, on its inner wall, in the region of the indentations  271 , at least one elongate bulge (not shown in detail) which may correspond to at least one of the elongate indentations  271 . 
     Obviously, it is also possible to provide indentations on the lower housing part  18  and bulges on the walls of the coding means  27 . 
     It will readily be understood that the coding element  27  may thus assume seven possible clearly defined positions. 
       FIGS. 10 a  to  c    show how easy it is to fix the final coding of the lower housing part  18  in the manufacturing process. 
     Thus the lower housing part  18  is in an uncoded state in  FIG. 10 a   . The coding means  27  project from the lower housing part  18  to such an extent that the elongate indentations  271  of the coding means  27  are not in engagement with the elongate bulges in the lower housing part  18 . 
     Therefore the coding means  27  is freely rotatable over a specific angular range about a longitudinal axis L of the container  3  or the lower housing part  18 . 
     In accordance with the seven elongate bulges  271  provided, one of these seven possible positions can thus be selected by free rotation. 
     In  FIG. 10 b    a possible position has been selected by rotation to the left, a final fixing or coding then being obtained by pushing or pressing the coding means  27  into the lower housing part  18  by the cooperation of the elongate indentations  271  with elongate bulges on the lower housing part  18  ( FIG. 10 c   ). 
       FIGS. 12 a  to  c    show the upper housing part  16  corresponding to this embodiment by way of example. 
     The upper housing part  16  is provided with a sleeve-like coding means  30 . 
     The sleeve-like coding means  30  is pushed over the inner part  17  of the upper housing part  16 . 
     In accordance with the coding on the lower housing part  18  as described above, a final coding can also be produced very late in the manufacturing process with the upper housing part  16  as well. 
     Thus  FIG. 12 a    shows the coding means  30  in a neutral position in which it has not yet been coded and in particular is still freely rotatable relative to the inner part  17  over a certain angular range about its longitudinal axis L. 
     In particular, an interstice is thus formed between the locking and unlocking element  242  and the inner part  17  such that the rotation of the coding means  30  is unimpeded. 
     The coding means  30  also comprises two rib-like projections  301  preferably offset by 180 degrees which are configured to engage in the grooves  270  of the coding means  27  of the upper housing part  18 . 
     The coding means  30 , preferably uniformly distributed at four points around the circumference, are also provided with seven elongate recesses  300 . The recesses  300  are embodied so as to cooperate with corresponding elongate projections  171  on the inner part  17  which are arranged on the inner part  17 , preferably offset by 90° around the circumference. 
     In  FIG. 12 b    the coding means  30  has been rotated to the right from its neutral position into a possible final position and then in  FIG. 12 c    pushed further onto the inner part, so that one of the elongate recesses  300  can cooperate with one of the elongate projections  171  and thus fix the coding of the upper housing part  16  as well. 
     Thus, seven possible codes can be produced easily using identical components. 
     Finally, a third embodiment of the proposed nebuliser  1  will be described with reference to  FIGS. 13 to 16 . 
     The coding of the nebuliser  1  has only two annular coding elements  31  and  32  in this embodiment. 
     The annular coding elements  31  and  32  are described in more detail in  FIG. 14 . 
     It is apparent that the coding elements  31  and  32  each have a substantially L-shaped cross-section, the coding element  31  preferably having twelve through-openings  310  on the end face (i.e. located in the horizontal region of the arm of the L), which are distributed equidistantly over the circumference. 
     Similarly, the coding element  32  preferably has twelve through-openings  320  on its end face, distributed equidistantly over the circumference. 
     For matching the code, the coding means  32  is provided with a rectangular projection  321  which extends in a direction of insertion E (cf.  FIG. 15 ) of the container  3  towards the upper housing part  16  or the inner part  17 . 
     In corresponding manner the coding means  31  is provided with a rectangular recess  311  which is configured so that it can cooperate in mating manner with the projection  321 . 
       FIGS. 15 and 16  in particular show that the coding means  31  is connected to the upper housing part  16  and the coding means  32  is connected to the lower housing part  18 . 
     Specifically, the coding means  31  with its through-openings  310  in a selection position is pushed onto the pin-like projections  241  of the closure member  24  (in comparable manner to the upper ring  25  in  FIG. 5 ), the closure member  24  having been attached to the inner part  17  of the upper housing part  16 . 
     The coding means  31  are thus fixed in a defined position. 
     The coding means  32  are pushed onto pin-like projections  181  of the lower housing part  18  by means of the through-openings  320  and thus held in a defined position as well. 
     The rectangular projection  321  is additionally provided, at its upper end, with a radially outwardly directed nose  322  which, in the assembly position of the coding means  32 , engages behind a radially encircling groove  180  of the lower housing part  18 . 
     Thus the projection  321  is securely held in the lower housing part  18  without being able to shift radially inwards and prevent the lower housing part  18  and upper housing part  16  from being joined together when their codes match. 
     If the codes do not match, i.e. if the projection  321  on the one hand and the recess  311  on the other hand in the lower housing part  18  and upper housing part  16 , respectively, are each in a different angular position, it is not possible to fit the housing parts  16  and  18  together completely. 
     In particular, the projection  321  has a height h which is such that the conveying tube  9  contained in the upper housing part  16  cannot pass far enough into the container  3  to cause contamination of the conveying tube  9  with the active substance held in the container  3 . 
     Both the pin-like projections  241  of the closure member  24  which is annular in this region, and the pin-like projections  181  of the lower housing part  18  are distributed equidistantly around the circumference in the same way as the through-openings  310  and  320 . Thus the coding means  31  and  32  can be mounted in defined manner in a number of different positions in the upper housing part  16  and in the lower housing part  18 . 
     The embodiments described hereinbefore, especially individual elements and aspects of the embodiments, may be combined with one another and/or reversed in their kinematic operation, as necessary. In particular, the number and arrangement of the defined selectable positions of the coding means may be varied as necessary and adapted to the particular conditions. 
     LIST OF REFERENCE NUMERALS 
     
         
           1  nebulizer 
           2  fluid 
           3  container 
           4  bag 
           5  pressure generator 
           6  holder 
           7  drive spring 
           8  blocking element 
           9  conveying tube 
           10  non return valve 
           11  pressure chamber 
           12  expulsion nozzle 
           13  mouthpiece 
           14  aerosol 
           15  air supply opening 
           16  upper housing part 
           17  inner part 
           170  latching openings 
           171  elongate projections 
           18  releasable housing part (lower part) 
           180  encircling groove 
           181  pin-like projections 
           19  retaining element 
           20  spring (in lower housing part) 
           21  container base 
           22  piercing element 
           23  monitoring device 
           24  closure member with latching elements for securing 
           240  latching element 
           241  pin-like projections 
           242  locking and unlocking element 
           25  annular coding means 
           250  pin-like projections 
           251  nose 
           252  openings 
           26  coding means in the removable housing part 
           260  freely passable groove 
           261  non-freely passable groove 
           262  transverse walls 
           27  coding means in the removable housing part 
           270  groove 
           271  elongate indentations 
           28  base element 
           280  outwardly bent arms 
           281  inwardly bent arms 
           29  annular support element 
           30  sleeve-like coding means 
           300  elongate recesses 
           301  rib-like projection 
           31  annular coding means 
           310  through-opening 
           311  rectangular recess 
           32  annular coding means 
           320  through-opening 
           321  rectangular projection 
           322  nose 
         E direction of insertion or introduction of the container into the upper or lower housing part 
         h height of the projection 
         H hollow cylinder 
         L longitudinal axis 
         S axis of symmetry of the hollow cylinder