Abstract:
A downhole bore hole reciprocating pump apparatus and assembly which provides both a high pressure drilling fluid and a low pressure drilling fluid to the preceding drill bit or preceding downhole equipment or only a high pressure drilling fluid to the preceding drill bit or preceding downhole equipment for an expedient and more efficient removal of the material or rock formation being drilled while providing sufficient fluid volume to remove cuttings from the bore hole and cooling and lubricating of the downhole equipment.

Description:
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
       [0001]    This application claims the benefit of U.S. provisional patent application Ser. No. 61/850,910 filed Feb. 26, 2013 by Alan L. Nackerud, which is incorporated by reference herein. 
     
    
     BACKGROUND AND FIELD OF INVENTION 
       [0002]    Most conventional well bores are drilled and/or worked over with fluid circulated into the well bore by pumps which are located at the surface. The fluid pressures, volumes and rates delivered to the downhole drill bit and other downhole equipment is limited by the size and capacity of said surface pumps. At times it is advantageous to deliver a higher downhole fluid pressure or deliver both a high and low pressure fluid to enhance drilling and or completion work of a well bore. The present invention employs a new and novel apparatus and method to increase said downhole fluid pressure and deliver both a high pressure fluid and low pressure fluid as described and shown herein with minimal equipment and cost. 
       SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
       [0003]    The above and other advantages and features of the present invention will become more readily appreciated and understood from a consideration of the following detailed description taken together with the accompanying drawings in which: 
     
    
     
       DRAWINGS 
       Figures 
         [0004]      FIG. 1  is a cross section side view of a bottom hole assembly with a top flare sub, high pressure downhole pump, high/low pressure sub and drill bit; 
           [0005]      FIG. 2  is a cross section top view across the top of the high/low pressure sub; 
           [0006]      FIG. 3  is a cross section top view of the high pressure downhole pump across the upper low pressure lateral bores; 
           [0007]      FIG. 4  is a cross section top view of the high pressure downhole pump across the upper low pressure inlet points to the large piston bore; 
           [0008]      FIG. 5  is a cross section top view of the high pressure downhole pump across the middle of the high pressure downhole pump with the large piston in a center position; 
           [0009]      FIG. 6  is a cross section top view of the high pressure downhole pump across the lower low pressure inlet points to the large piston bore; 
           [0010]      FIG. 7  is a cross section top view of the high pressure downhole pump across the lower low pressure lateral bores; 
           [0011]      FIG. 8  is a cross section side view rotated 22.5 degrees clockwise of the top flare sub, high pressure downhole pump, high/low pressure sub and drill bit; 
           [0012]      FIG. 9  is a cross section top view rotated 22.5 degrees clockwise across the top of the high/low pressure sub; 
           [0013]      FIG. 10  is a cross section top view rotated 22.5 degrees clockwise of the high pressure downhole pump across the upper high pressure lateral bores; 
           [0014]      FIG. 11  is a cross section top view rotated 22.5 degrees clockwise of the high pressure pump across the upper low pressure inlet points to the large piston bore; 
           [0015]      FIG. 12  is a cross section top view rotated 22.5 degrees clockwise of the high pressure pump across the middle of the high pressure pump with the large piston in a center position; 
           [0016]      FIG. 13  is a cross section top view rotated 22.5 degrees clockwise of the high pressure pump at the lower low pressure inlet points to the large piston; 
           [0017]      FIG. 14  is a cross section top view rotated 22.5 degrees clockwise of the high pressure downhole pump across the lower high pressure lateral bores; 
           [0018]      FIG. 15  is a cross section side view of the top flare sub, high pressure downhole pump, high/low pressure sub and drill bit with the large piston in the lower position; 
           [0019]      FIG. 16  is a cross section side view rotated 22.5 degrees clockwise of the top flare sub, high pressure downhole pump, high/low pressure sub and drill bit with the large piston in the lower position; 
           [0020]      FIG. 17  is a cross section side view of the top flare sub, high pressure downhole pump, high/low pressure sub and drill bit with the large piston in the upper position; 
           [0021]      FIG. 18  is a cross section side view rotated 22.5 degrees clockwise of the top flare sub, high pressure downhole pump, high/low pressure sub and drill bit with the large piston in the upper position; 
           [0022]      FIG. 19  is an enlarged top view of the rod valve; 
           [0023]      FIG. 20  is a side view of the rod valve; 
           [0024]      FIG. 21  is an enlarged top view of the high pressure downhole pump small piston; 
           [0025]      FIG. 22  is a side view of the high pressure downhole pump large piston and small pistons. 
       
    
    
     REFERENCE NUMERALS 
       [0000]    
       
           1 . flare sub 
           2 . box connection 
           3 . sub center low pressure bore 
           4 . flared bore 
           5 . large set screw plug 
           6 . alignment pin 
           7 . weld 
           8 . split disc check valve 
           9 . small set screw plug 
           10 . low pressure fluid bore 
           11 . small piston bore 
           12 . high pressure fluid bore 
           13 . small piston 
           14 . pump 
           15 . rod valve end compression spring 
           16 . rod valve 
           17 . rod valve end block 
           18 . rod valve shock compression spring 
           19 . large piston 
           20 . large piston bore 
           21 . high/low pressure sub 
           22 . low pressure lateral fluid bore 
           23 . high pressure lateral fluid bore 
           24 . high pressure sub bore 
           25 . low pressure slot to center bore 
           26 . drill bit 
           27 . low pressure inlet bore 
           28 . rod valve bore 
           29 . rod valve end bore 
       
     
       DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
       [0055]    Referring to the drawings, there is illustrated in  FIGS. 1 through 22  one form of the present invention being a high pressure downhole pump and bottom hole assembly. The present invention works in a well bore with a drill string having a downhole assembly with a top flare sub  1 , high pressure downhole pump  14 , bottom high/low pressure sub  21  and leading or preceding drill bit  26  or other preceding equipment. 
         [0056]    Prior to the upper pump section and lower pump section being attached to each other, rod valves  16  are inserted through the rod valve bores  28  in the large piston  19 . Said rod valve bores  28  are of a large enough diameter to allow the free movement of the rod valves  16  within the large piston  19  without excessive drag so that the rod valve end blocks  17  do not prematurely cover the low pressure inlet bores  27 . The rod valve shock compression springs  18  are then placed onto the rod valves  16  and then the rod valve end blocks  17  are welded or threadedly attached to the end of the rod valves  16 . The rod valve end blocks  17  have small bores through their length to allow some fluid movement above and below so said rod valve end blocks  17  are able to move up and down when activated. The small pistons  13  are then screwed into, welded or otherwise attached to the large piston  19 . Said small pistons  13  have a center bore through their length with intersecting lateral bores to allow fluid flow in and out of the large piston bore  20 . Each small piston  13  has a split disc check valve  8  or other type valve at its distal end to the large piston  19  connection to allow fluid flow out the distal end of said small piston  13  but not in a reverse direction toward the large piston  19 . The rod valves  16 , and large piston  19 , and small pistons  13  are then aligned and placed inside the large piston bore  20  and the rod valve end bores  29  of the upper pump section and lower pump section. The high pressure downhole pump  14  upper and lower sections are then connected to each other by weld  7 , threads or otherwise attached as shown in  FIG. 1 . The top flare sub  1  is then attached by weld  7 , threads, or otherwise attached to the top of the high pressure downhole pump  14 . The drill string is then connected by threads or otherwise attached to the top flare sub  1 . 
         [0057]    The pump  14  body has multiple low pressure fluid bores  10  which run the length of the pump  14 . Said low pressure fluid bores  10  are radially located around the outside edge of the diameter of the pump  14 . The pump  14  also has multiple high pressure fluid bores  12  which run the length of the pump  14 . Said high pressure fluid bores  12  are also radially located near the outside diameter of the pump  14  but offset to the low pressure fluid bores  10 . Each said high pressure fluid bore  12  has a split disc check valve  8  or other type valve located at both the top and bottom of said bore which allows fluid to enter at the top of the pump  14  and exit at the bottom of the pump  14  but which does not allow fluid to reverse direction. 
         [0058]    As fluid is pumped down the drill string by surface pumps it enters the flare sub  1  and then proceeds into the low pressure fluid bores  10  and down the pump  14  whereby some fluid is allowed to enter multiple low pressure lateral bores  22  and multiple low pressure inlet bores  27  whereby fluid can enter the upper small piston bore  11  and the upper large piston bore  20  and thereby drive or move the large piston  19  and advancing small piston  13 . Fluid diversion into the low pressure lateral bores  22  and low pressure inlet bores  27  can be assisted by the depth at which the small set screw plugs  9  and large set screw plugs  5  are screwed into the pump  14  body. The diameter of the large piston  19  is larger than the diameter of the small pistons  13  and thereby when moved creates a higher fluid pressure at the advancing end of the advancing small piston  13 . With each reciprocating stroke, high pressure fluid is discharged out the distal end of the advancing small piston bore  11  and into the high pressure lateral bores  23  near the advancing end of the small piston  13  and on to the preceding drill bit  26  or preceding equipment. When the large piston  19  and advancing small piston  13  reaches the end of its stroke the large piston  19  moves the relative rod valve end blocks  17  into a position which uncovers the low pressure inlet bores  27  near the advanced end of the advanced small piston  13  whereby fluid can now enter that portion of the large piston bore  20  while simultaneously the other end of the rod valve end blocks  17  have moved to a position which covers the low pressure inlet bores  27  at the opposing end of the pump  14  whereby fluid is stopped from entering that portion of the large piston bore  20 . The pump  14  has effectively reversed direction or reciprocated and with a reverse direction stroke of the large piston  19  causes the same discharge of high pressure fluid at the opposite end of the pump  14  but into the same high pressure fluid bores  12  whereby high pressure fluid then proceeds to the preceding drill bit or preceding equipment. 
         [0059]    At the end of each stroke of the large piston  19 , both the rod valve shock compression springs  18  and the rod valve end compression springs  15  allow the pump  14  to reciprocate with a minimum of hammering of the large piston  19  and rod valve end blocks  17  yet assist in keeping them in proper position to cover or uncover the low pressure inlet bores  27 . Throughout the pump the low pressure lateral bores  22  and the high pressure lateral bores  23  have split disc check valves  8  or other type valves to allow fluid flow in only one desired direction. Throughout the pump  14  the low pressure fluid and high pressure fluid remain separated by virtue of the separate low pressure fluid bores  10  and the high pressure fluid bores  12 . When the upper pump section and lower pump section are connected to each other they are aligned to each other by alignment pins  6 . Similar alignment pins  6  keep the low pressure fluid bores  10  and high pressure fluid bores  12  aligned at the connection between the pump  14  and high/low pressure sub  21  at the lower end of the pump. The high/low pressure sub  21  allows the low pressure fluid to aggregate or combine back into one sub center low pressure bore  3  while the high pressure fluid remains in multiple separate high pressure sub bores  24 . The said multiple separate high pressure sub bores  24  angle inward into matching aligned bores in a drill bit or other downhole completion tool. The pump  14  allows for a high pressure fluid to be used for drilling, completion or other downhole tools but the pump  14  also allows for delivery of a low pressure fluid to ensure that an adequate amount of fluid is delivered for cuttings removals, drill fluid circulation throughout the hole, cooling of tools and other normal purposes for circulating drilling fluid. 
         [0060]    It is therefore to be understood that even though numerous characteristics and advantages of the present embodiment have been set forth in the foregoing description, together with the details of the structure and function of the embodiment, the disclosure is illustrative only, and changes may be made within the principles of the embodiment to the full extent indicated by the broad general meaning of the terms in which the claims are expressed and reasonable equivalents thereof and various forms of the present invention can be applied to numerous drilling and completion tools of well bores.