Abstract:
Provided are a semiconductor device and a method for manufacturing the same. The semiconductor device comprises a circuit layer, a metal interconnection layer, and a deep via. The circuit layer is formed on a semiconductor substrate. The metal interconnection layer is formed on the circuit layer. The metal interconnection layer comprises a metal interconnection connected to the circuit layer. The deep via penetrates through the semiconductor substrate and the metal interconnection layer. The deep via comprises a laser-annealed crystalline silicon.

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION 
       [0001]    This application claims the benefit under 35 U.S.C. §119 of Korean Patent Application No. 10-2008-0125508, filed Dec. 10, 2008, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. 
       BACKGROUND 
       [0002]    The present disclosure relates to a semiconductor device and a method for manufacturing the same. 
         [0003]    Recently, studies of methods for manufacturing a semiconductor device through lamination of various semiconductor chips as well as technologies of manufacturing fine circuits in a semiconductor process are being actively conducted to reproduce complex circuit structures in recent semiconductor technologies. A method of stacking various kinds of semiconductor devices in a chip or wafer state and connecting them through vias is named System-In-Package (SIP). Since various chips are vertically stacked by the SIP technology, the SIP technology has an advantage of miniaturization of a semiconductor device. The core of the SIP technology is to form a via for connection between chips. Particularly, a technology of forming a deep via having a depth of more than about 100 μm is required to connect chips. Currently, a copper (Cu)-plating method is widely used for a gap-fill of a deep via. However, since it is difficult for Cu-ions to diffuse into a deep inner side of a deep via when a gap-fill of a deep via is performed by the Cu-plating method, there are limitations in that a plating rate is very slow and it is difficult to gap-fill the deep via without a void. 
       BRIEF SUMMARY 
       [0004]    Embodiments provide a semiconductor device and a method for manufacturing the same, which form a deep via penetrating a semiconductor substrate using a silicon nanowire. 
         [0005]    Embodiments also provide a System-In-Package (SIP), which forms a deep via in a semiconductor substrate using a silicon nanowire and electrically connects semiconductor chips to each other. 
         [0006]    In one embodiment, a semiconductor device comprises: a circuit layer on a semiconductor substrate; a metal interconnection layer on the circuit layer, the metal interconnection layer comprising a metal interconnection connected to the circuit layer; and a deep via through the semiconductor substrate and the metal interconnection layer, the deep via comprising a laser-annealed crystalline silicon. 
         [0007]    In another embodiment, a system-in-package comprises: a first semiconductor chip comprising a circuit layer on a silicon substrate, a metal interconnection layer on the circuit layer, the metal interconnection layer comprising a metal interconnection connected to the circuit layer, a deep via through the silicon substrate and the metal interconnection layer, the deep via comprising a laser-annealed crystalline silicon, and a pad on the metal interconnection layer, the pad being electrically connected to the deep via; a first conductive bump contacting one end of the first semiconductor chip; and a second semiconductor chip connected to the first conductive bump. 
         [0008]    In still another embodiment, a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device comprises: forming a circuit layer on a semiconductor substrate; forming a metal interconnection layer on the circuit layer, the metal interconnection layer comprising a metal interconnection connected to the circuit layer; forming a deep via hole penetrating a portion of the semiconductor substrate and the metal interconnection layer; gap-filling a silicon nanowire in the deep via hole; and forming a deep via comprising a crystallized silicon by laser-annealing the silicon nanowire in the deep via hole. 
         [0009]    The details of one or more embodiments are set forth in the accompanying drawings and the description below. Other features will be apparent from the description and drawings, and from the claims. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0010]      FIGS. 1 through 11  are cross-sectional views illustrating a process for manufacturing a semiconductor device according to an embodiment. 
           [0011]      FIG. 12  is a cross-sectional view illustrating a System-In-Package according to an embodiment. 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
       [0012]    A system-in-package and a semiconductor device according to embodiments will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, that alternate embodiments included in other retrogressive inventions or falling within the spirit and scope of the present disclosure can easily be derived through adding, altering, and changing, and will fully convey the concept of the invention to those skilled in the art. 
         [0013]    In addition, the terms “first” and “second” can be selectively or exchangeably used for the members. In the figures, a dimension of each of elements may be exaggerated for clarity of illustration, and the dimension of each of the elements may be different from an actual dimension of each of the elements. Not all elements illustrated in the drawings must be included and limited to the present disclosure, but the elements except essential features of the present disclosure may be added or deleted. Also, in the descriptions of embodiments, it will be understood that when a layer (or film), a region, a pattern, or a structure is referred to as being “on/above/over/upper” a substrate, layer (or film), region, pad, or patterns, it can be directly on the substrate, layer (or film), region, pad, or patterns, or intervening layers may also be present. Further, it will be understood that when a layer is referred to as being “under/below/lower” a layer (film), region, pattern, or structure, it can be directly under the layer (film), region, pad, or patterns, or one or more intervening layers may also be present. Therefore, meaning thereof should be judged according to the spirit of the present disclosure. 
         [0014]      FIGS. 1 through 11  are cross-sectional views illustrating a process for manufacturing a semiconductor device according to an embodiment. 
         [0015]    Referring to  FIG. 1 , a circuit layer  20  including a plurality of transistors is formed on a silicon substrate  10 . The circuit layer  20  includes an insulating layer covering the transistors. 
         [0016]    The insulating layer may include, for example, Boron Phosphorous Silicate Glass (BPSG) or Tetra-Ethyl-Ortho-Silicate (TEOS). 
         [0017]    After the circuit layer  20  is formed, metal interconnections  31 , vias  32 , and insulating layers  35  covering them are repeatedly formed multiple times to form a metal interconnection layer  30 . 
         [0018]    When the metal interconnections  31  are formed on different layers, the metal interconnections  31  are electrically connected to each other through a via hole penetrating the insulating layer  35  and a via  32  filling the via hole. 
         [0019]    Referring to  FIG. 2 , after an uppermost metal interconnection  33  is formed on the metal interconnection layer  30 , a protection layer  40  is formed over the entire surface of the silicon substrate  10  to cover the metal interconnection layer  30 . 
         [0020]    The protection layer  40  includes at least one of a silicon oxide and a silicon nitride. 
         [0021]    Portions of the protection layer  40 , the metal interconnection layer  30 , and the silicon substrate  10  are etched through a photolithography process to form a deep via hole  15 . 
         [0022]    In this case, the width a of the deep via hole  15  ranges from about 5 μm to about 30 μm, and the depth b thereof ranges from about 30 μm to about 100 μm. 
         [0023]    Referring to  FIG. 3 , a first barrier film  51  and a second barrier film  52  are sequentially deposited over the entire surface of the silicon substrate  10  including the deep via hole  15 . 
         [0024]    The first barrier film  51  may include, for example, an oxide. The thickness of the first barrier film  51  may range from about 1,000 Å to about 5,000 Å. The first barrier film  51  may be formed through a Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) process. 
         [0025]    The second barrier film  52  may include, for example, a nitride. The thickness of the second barrier film  52  may range from about 500 Å to about 2,000 Å. The second barrier film  52  may be formed through a CVD process. 
         [0026]    Accordingly, the first and second barrier films  51  and  52  are formed along the inner wall of the deep via hole  15 . 
         [0027]    Referring to  FIG. 4 , a silicon nanowire  60   a  is grown over the entire surface of the silicon substrate  10  over which the first and second barrier films  51  and  52  are formed. 
         [0028]    The silicon nanowire  60   a  is formed through a CVD process. 
         [0029]    First, gold (Au) is thinly deposited over the entire surface of the silicon substrate  10  through a magnetic sputtering method. Then, by introducing a silane gas (SiH 4 ) into a chamber, a silicon nanowire  60   a  can be deposited on the entire surface of the second barrier film  52  through catalysis of Au. In this case, the Au serves only as a catalyst, and is not included in the layer. 
         [0030]    The Au is formed on an anodic nano-hole channel alumina template, and thus a silicon nanowire may be grown in the shape of a hexagonal honeycomb nano-hole. 
         [0031]    Thus, a gap-fill of the deep via hole  15  is achieved, and the silicon nanowire  60   a  is formed over the entire surface of the silicon substrate  10 . 
         [0032]    Next, referring to  FIG. 5 , the silicon nanowire  60   a  on the second barrier film  52  is removed by an etch-back using a dry etching or a wet etching to isolate the silicon nanowire  60   a  gap-filled in the deep via hole  15 . 
         [0033]    That is, the silicon nanowire  60   a  is removed from the first and second barrier films  51  and  52  on the protection layer  40  to leave the silicon nanowire  60   a  only in the deep via hole  15  and expose the second barrier film  52  above the protection layer. 
         [0034]    Thus, a short between the deep vias can be inhibited, and process reliability can be secured. 
         [0035]    Next, referring to  FIG. 6 , a mask  91  is formed on the exposed second barrier film  52  to selectively expose only the deep via hole  15 . 
         [0036]    The mask  91  may include, for example, a photoresist pattern. 
         [0037]    The mask  91  exposes the silicon nanowire  60   a  gap-filled in the deep via hole  15 . 
         [0038]    Referring to  FIG. 7 , a laser annealing is performed on the mask  91 . 
         [0039]    The laser annealing may be performed using an excimer laser. The wavelength of the laser may range from about 1,000 nm to about 1,500 nm. The laser annealing may be performed for about 1 nanosecond to about 99 seconds. Also, the laser energy may be applied at a rate of about 2 J/cm 2  to about 10 J/cm 2 . 
         [0040]    Thus, the silicon nanowire  60   a  in the deep via hole  15  exposed by the mask  91  is crystallized by the laser to form a deep via  60  as shown in  FIG. 8 . 
         [0041]    The deep via  60  has a polysilicon crystal shape and conductivity. 
         [0042]    Referring to  FIG. 9 , the mask  91  is removed to expose the second barrier film  52 . 
         [0043]    Referring to  FIG. 10 , the second barrier film  52 , the first barrier film  51 , and the protection layer  40  are etched to from a terminal via  71  exposing a portion of the uppermost metal interconnection  33 . 
         [0044]    Referring to  FIG. 11 , a barrier metal pattern  81  and a pad  83  contacting the uppermost metal interconnection  33  exposed by the terminal via  71  may be formed by patterning a barrier metal layer and a metal layer formed on the terminal via  71 . 
         [0045]    Examples of materials that can be used for the barrier metal layer include titanium (Ti), titanium nitride (TiN), titanium silicon nitride (TiSiN), tantalum (Ta), tantalum nitride (TaN), and tantalum silicon nitride (TaSiN). 
         [0046]    Examples of materials that can be used as the metal layer for the pad  83  include aluminum (Al), Al alloy, Ti, TiN, TiSiN, Ta, TaN, and TaSiN. 
         [0047]    The barrier metal pattern  81  and the pad  83  are extended along a top surface of the device to the deep via  60 , and contact the deep via to be electrically connected. 
         [0048]    Next, the rear surface of the silicon substrate  10  is etched to expose one end of the deep via  60 . In this case, a portion of the first and second barrier films  51  and  52  formed at one end of the deep via  60  may be etched to expose the deep via  60 . The second barrier film  52  may be formed to cover the deep via  60  at the one end, and the first barrier film  51  may be formed to cover the second barrier film  52 . These films can be etched to expose the one end of the via while remaining at the sidewalls of the deep via. 
         [0049]    The thickness H of the silicon substrate  10  left after the etching of the rear surface of the silicon substrate  10  may range from about 40 μm to about 100 μm. 
         [0050]    Many electrical signals are applied to the deep via  60 , and thus a large amount of heat is generated in the deep via  60 . Since the deep via  60  is formed of the same material as the silicon substrate  10 , their Coefficient of Thermal Expansion (CTE) characteristics are excellent. Accordingly, limitations such as cracks caused by heat expansion around the deep via  60  can be solved, thereby improving product reliability. 
         [0051]      FIG. 12  is a cross-sectional view illustrating a SIP according to an embodiment. 
         [0052]    Referring to  FIG. 12 , the SIP according to an embodiment includes a first semiconductor chip  100  manufactured according to the process of  FIGS. 1 through 11  and a second semiconductor chip  200  stacked on the first semiconductor chip  100 . 
         [0053]    The first semiconductor chip  100  is manufactured to have the structure as described above. 
         [0054]    The second semiconductor chip  200  is electrically connected to the first semiconductor chip  100 . 
         [0055]    The second semiconductor chip  200  includes a circuit layer including transistors on a semiconductor substrate, a metal interconnection layer including metal interconnections connected to the circuit layer, and pads formed on the metal interconnection layer. The pads may exchange electrical signals with the metal interconnection of the metal interconnection layer and the circuit layers. 
         [0056]    One end of the deep via  60  of the first semiconductor chip  100  is electrically connected to the pad of the second semiconductor chip  200  through a first conductive bump  110 . 
         [0057]    The one end of the deep via  60  may be an end portion formed on the front surface of the silicon substrate  10 , or may be an end portion formed on the rear surface of the silicon substrate  10 . 
         [0058]    Thereafter, the first semiconductor chip  100  is mounted onto a Printed Circuit Board (PCB)  300 . 
         [0059]    The pad  83  of the first semiconductor chip  100  is electrically connected to the PDB  300  through a second conductive bump  120  interposed between the first semiconductor chip  100  and the PCB  300 . 
         [0060]    The pad  83  of the first semiconductor chip  100  is electrically connected to the deep via  60 . 
         [0061]    Accordingly, the first semiconductor chip  100 , the second semiconductor chip  200 , and the PCB  300  may operate while exchanging electrical signals with each other. 
         [0062]    Although embodiments have been described with reference to a number of illustrative embodiments thereof, it should be understood that numerous other modifications and embodiments can be devised by those skilled in the art that will fall within the spirit and scope of the principles of this disclosure. More particularly, various variations and modifications are possible in the component parts and/or arrangements of the subject combination arrangement within the scope of the disclosure, the drawings and the appended claims. In addition to variations and modifications in the component parts and/or arrangements, alternative uses will also be apparent to those skilled in the art.