Abstract:
A technique is provided which enables preparation of a curved grating having a desired curvature, by plastically deforming, along a curved substrate, a flat grating prepared by a semiconductor process on a silicon substrate, and which thus prepares a diffraction grating with high accuracy. A silicon flat grating prepared by a semiconductor process is transferred to an amorphous material, and the amorphous material substrate is curved and mounted on a curved fixed substrate, thus providing a curved grating having a crystalline material in which the generation of a dislocation line is restrained.

Description:
TECHNICAL FIELD 
       [0001]    The present invention relates to a curved grating, method for manufacturing the same, and an optical device, and particularly to a curved grating which spectrally splits and converges light, and an optical device using the same. 
       BACKGROUND ART 
       [0002]    As the background art in this technical filed, a curved grating, which is an optical element of a spectrophotometer, has both capabilities of spectrally splitting and converging light. Therefore, the number of components can be reduced and the configuration of the device can be simplified. 
         [0003]    Conventionally, a curved grating is manufactured by preparing a mold of a diffraction grating by a method in which a curved substrate is carved with a machine such as a ruling engine, and then transferring the carved pattern to a resin, metal or the like. 
         [0004]    As a method for preparing a curved grating, WO2008/081555 (PTL 1) discloses a method in which a flat grating and a concave blazed grating are prepared, using semiconductor photolithography and etching processes. 
         [0005]    According to JP-A-61-72202 (PTL a diffraction grating pattern is formed on a flexible material such as a resin or thin metal film, which is then attached to a substrate curved to a predetermined curvature, thus forming a mold. This mold is brought in contact with a liquid curved grating material before hardening, and the material is hardened to prepare a curved grating. 
         [0006]    According to JP-A-8-29610 (PTL 3), a replica layer (diffraction grating part) using a reactive curing resin is stacked on a flexible substrate, and the flat grating is curved, utilizing the curing contraction of the reactive curing resin. 
         [0007]    According to JP-A-9-5509 (PTL 4), a flat grating substrate is transferred to a flexible material such as a silicone resin, which is then fixed to a curved substrate, thus forming a curved grating mold. 
         [0008]    JP-A-2010-25723 (PTL 5) discloses an X-ray reflection device having an X-ray reflector which is prepared by heating a silicon substrate to a high temperature in a hydrogen atmosphere so as to plastically deform the silicon substrate into a desired shape, and then stacking a number of the same substrates. 
       CITATION LIST 
     Patent Literature 
       [0009]    PTL 1: WO2008/081555 
         [0010]    PTL 2: JP-A-61-72202 
         [0011]    PTL 3: JP-A-8-29610 
         [0012]    PTL 4: JP-A-9-5509 
         [0013]    PTL 5: JP-A-2010-25723 
       SUMMARY OF INVENTION 
     Technical Problem 
       [0014]    With the method for manufacturing a curved grating using a semiconductor process disclosed in PTL 1, of the above methods for manufacturing a diffraction grating, it is difficult to accurately prepare a diffraction grating pattern on an arbitrary curved surface. With the techniques described in PTL 2 to PTL 4, pattern accuracy falls at the time of transfer of a curved grating because each of these techniques uses a flexible member in the stage of forming the diffraction grating pattern. Particularly, according to PTL 4, a pattern is transferred onto a flexible material such as a silicone-based resin, which is then fixed to a curved substrate to form a curved grating mold, and the mold is transferred to a curved grating, thus preparing the curved grating. However, the since the flexible material is used, a pattern distortion in the mold occurs due to a fall in pattern accuracy, the transfer of the curved grating, and the pulling of the mold at time of release, and therefore the mold has a short life. Also, according to PTL 5, which describes a method in which a silicon substrate is plastically deformed, a diffraction grating pattern made of silicon is flattened in high-temperature hydrogen atmosphere. Since plastic deformation needs to be used in order to curve a silicon flat grating, a dislocation line is generated and a void or the like is generated in fixing to a curved fixed substrate, thus lowering surface accuracy. In the plastic deformation of the silicon diffraction grating, a dislocation line is generated. Therefore, when pressing and transferring the diffraction grating pattern of the silicon diffraction grating to an amorphous material, a void is generated between the silicon diffraction grating and the amorphous material, obstructing the transfer. 
         [0015]    Thus, an object of the invention is to provide a technique which enables preparation of a curved grating having a desired curvature, by plastically deforming, along a curved substrate, a flat grating prepared by a semiconductor process on a silicon substrate, and which thus prepares a diffraction grating with high accuracy. 
       Solution to Problem 
       [0016]    In view of the foregoing problem, the invention has the following characteristics. In a method for manufacturing a diffraction grating pattern, a diffraction grating pattern is formed on a silicon substrate, and the diffraction grating pattern is transferred to an amorphous material, thus preparing a flat grating made of the amorphous material. This flat grating made of the amorphous material is deformed into a curved surface and mounted on a curved fixed substrate, thus preparing a curved grating mold. This curved grating mold is transferred to a metal film or resin, thus preparing a curved grating. As the amorphous material, a glass, metal or the like is used. 
         [0017]    In the transfer of the diffraction grating pattern of the silicon flat grating to the amorphous material substrate, thermal deformation of the amorphous material substrate, plastic deformation by application of a load, electroplating with a metal or the like is used. In the case of using thermal deformation or plastic deformation, thermal deformation or plastic deformation is used after the silicon flat grating and the amorphous material substrate are bonded together in order to improve the transfer accuracy of the diffraction grating pattern. By bonding the silicon flat grating and the amorphous material substrate together in advance, lateral shift due to thermal deformation or plastic deformation can be prevented and the transfer accuracy of the diffraction grating pattern can be improved. Also, if the bonding of the silicon flat grating and the amorphous material substrate is carried out in a vacuum atmosphere, the void formed between these can be restrained. The void can also be restrained by forming a vent groove in the silicon diffraction grating to the outside of the substrate corresponding to the diffraction grating pattern. If the vent groove is removed after the diffraction grating pattern is transferred to the amorphous material substrate, diffracted light will not be affected at the time of transfer to the curved grating. Also, the diffraction grating pattern may be used as a vent groove. 
         [0018]    In the deformation of the amorphous material, substrate with the diffraction grating pattern transferred thereto, it is possible to restrain the generation of a dislocation line generated by the plastic deformation of the amorphous material such as silicon or quartz into a curved surface. Also, since the amorphous material is used the thermal deformation of the mold is slight, at the time of pattern transfer to the curved grating and therefore accuracy can be improved, and release from the moth can be achieved without raving deformation due to the pulling at the time of release and therefore the life of the mold is improved. 
         [0019]    As a method for mounting the amorphous material substrate on the curved fixed substrate after the amorphous material substrate with the diffraction grating pattern transferred thereto is deformed into a curved surface, anodic bonding, direct bonding, or eutectic bonding is used. If a glass is used as the amorphous material, a curved crating mold can be formed by anodic bonding using silicon as the curved fixed substrate. In the case of using direct bonding, the deformation and the bonding with the curved fixed substrate can be prepared in the same process. In direct bonding, if the linear expansion coefficients of the amorphous material substrate and the curved fixed substrate are greatly different in the high-temperature atmosphere, damage occurs due to thermal contraction difference in the cooling process. Therefore, materials having substantially equal linear expansion coefficients are selected for the amorphous material substrate and the curved fixed substrate. Also, if deformation and the direct bonding are carries out simultaneously, the deformation starts from the center of the amorphous material substrate and therefore the bonding area, too, advances from the center toward the outer peripheries. Therefore, since no void is formed between the silicon substrate and the curved fixed substrate, the curved grating mold can be prepared with good surface accuracy. 
         [0020]    Although surface accuracy falls compared with direct bonding and anodic bonding, the curved grating mold may be prepared using eutectic bonding, by preparing a solder on the bonding surface between the amorphous material substrate and the curved fixed substrate by sputtering, deposition, electroplating or the like. 
         [0021]    The curved grating mold prepared by the above method is transferred to a resin, metal or the like, thus preparing a curved grating. 
       Advantageous Effect of Invention 
       [0022]    According to the invention, a curved grating having a desired curvature can be prepared by plastically deforming, along a curved substrate, a flat grating prepared by a semiconductor process on a silicon substrate. Since the silicon diffraction grating pattern can be used as it is, a highly accurate diffraction grating can be prepared. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS 
         [0023]      FIG. 1  is a view showing an outline of a spectrophotometer using a curved grating of the invention. 
           [0024]      FIG. 2  is a view showing a mold of the curved grating of the invention. 
           [0025]      FIG. 3  is a view showing a mold of a toroidal grating of the invention. 
           [0026]      FIG. 4( a )  is a bird&#39;s-eye view of a silicon diffraction grating substrate of the invention.  FIG. 4( b )  is a side cross-sectional view of the same. 
           [0027]      FIG. 5  is a view showing a process of manufacturing a mold of a curved grating according to a first embodiment of the invention. 
           [0028]      FIG. 6  is a view showing a process of manufacturing a mold of a curved grating according to a second embodiment of the invention. 
           [0029]      FIG. 7  is a view showing a process of manufacturing a mold of a curved grating according to a third embodiment of the invention. 
           [0030]      FIG. 8  is a view showing a process of manufacturing a mold of a curved grating according to a fourth embodiment of the invention. 
           [0031]      FIG. 9  is a view showing a process of manufacturing a mold of a curved crating according to a fifth embodiment of the invention. 
           [0032]      FIG. 10  is a view showing a process of manufacturing a curved grating of the invention. 
       
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS 
       [0033]    Hereinafter, embodiments according to the invention will be described in detail, using the drawings. 
         [0034]    First, the configuration of a spectrophotometer using a diffraction grating will be described. 
       &lt;&lt;Spectrophotometer&gt;&gt; 
       [0035]      FIG. 1  is a schematic view showing an example of spectrophotometer using a curved grating of the invention. 
         [0036]    The spectrophotometer is used for measurement of concentration and identification of a substance, by selectively absorbing light with a wavelength unique to a chemical bond of a substance such as a chemical substance or biological substance. As shown in  FIG. 1 , a spectrophotometer  1  includes a light source  11 , slits  12 ,  14 , a diffraction grating  13 , a light condensing element  15 , a detector  17 . The light cast from the light source  11  is cast on the diffraction grating  13  via the slit.  12  and spectrally split by the diffraction grating  13 . The spectrally split light becomes incident, on a sample  16  via the slit  14  and the light condensing element  15 , and the detector  17  measures the absorption (damping) of the wavelength. Here, the diffraction grating  13  is rotated to cast light with a specific wavelength on the sample  16 . By curving the diffraction grating  13 , the optical elements such as the mirror and light condensing element in the spectrophotometer  1  can be simplified. 
       &lt;&lt;Curved Grating&gt;&gt; 
       [0037]    A curved grating may be a spherical grating or toroidal grating. The specific shape thereof will be described. 
       [Spherical Grating] 
       [0038]      FIG. 2  shows a mold of a spherical grating. Here, a spherical grating is a diffraction grating having a spherical surface with a uniform curvature in any axial direction. As shown in  FIG. 2 , a curved grating mold  2  is made up of an amorphous material substrate  21  with a diffraction grating pattern  20  formed thereon, and a curved fixed substrate  22 . The amorphous material substrate  21  and the curved fixed substrate  22  are fixed together by a connection method chosen from direct bonding, anodic bonding, eutectic bonding, resin bonding or the like. By transferring this curved grating mold  2  to a material which is either a resin or a thin metal film, a concave curved grating is prepared. 
       [Toroidal Grating] 
       [0039]      FIG. 3  shows a mold of a toroidal grating. Here, a toroidal grating is a diffraction grating having a toroidal surface with different curvatures in different axial directions, unlike a spherical grating. The toroidal grating has different, curvatures in direction A-A and direction B-B in the illustration. As shown in  FIG. 3 , a curved grating mold  2  is made cc of an amorphous material substrate  21  with a diffraction grating pattern  20  formed thereon, and a curved fixed substrate  22 . Since the amorphous material substrate  21  is plastically deformed along the curved fixed substrate  22 , mounting on a toroidal surface with different curvatures in different axial directions is possible. The amorphous material substrate  21  and the curved fixed substrate  22  are fixed together by a connection method chosen from direct bonding, anodic bonding, eutectic bonding, resin bonding or the like. By transferring this curved grating mold  2  to a material, which is either a resin or a thin metal film, a concave curved grating is prepared. 
       &lt;&lt;Methods for Manufacturing Curved Grating&gt;&gt; 
       [0040]    Next, methods for manufacturing the above curved grating will be described. 
         [0041]    The following methods can be used as methods for manufacturing a curved grating represented by the above spherical grating or toroidal grating. 
         [0042]      FIG. 4  is a view showing an example of a silicon diffraction grating substrate of the invention.  FIG. 4( a )  is a bird&#39;s-eye view of the silicon diffraction grating substrate. On a silicon flat grating substrate  3 , a diffraction grating pattern  20  is formed by a semiconductor process (for example, a process such as photolithography or etching). At this time, a vent groove  32  is formed at a site that does not affect the spectral splitting by the diffraction grating pattern  20 . This vent groove  32  is for releasing air bubbles at the time of transfer to an amorphous material substrate  21 , and is installed at an outer peripheral part of an area  31  (dashed line) where the amorphous material substrate  21  is deformed into a curved grating. The diffraction grating pattern  20  can be formed to the outer peripheral part of the silicon substrate  3  and used instead of the vent groove  32 . 
         [0043]    In the examples below, as an amorphous material, metal glass or the like can be used as well as glass. 
         [0044]    Also, when a material other than glass is used, a manufacturing method in which a film is formed by deposition, sputtering, electroplating or the like and then the silicon is removed, is employed instead of bonding transfer as in the case of glass. Since metal glass can be formed into a film by deposition, sputtering, electroplating or the like, a diffraction grating pattern can be formed. The metal glass may include Zr—Cu—Al—Ni, Pd—Ni—P and the like. 
         [0045]      FIG. 4 ( b )  is a view showing a cross-sectional view taken along direction A-A when the silicon flat grating  3  is rotated 180 degrees and turned upside down. 
         [0046]    The diffraction grating pattern  20  has the peripheral parts thereof supported by a support plate  50 . A convex part of a curved substrate  26  made up of the amorphous material substrate  21 , described below, is abutted and pressed against the surface where the diffraction grating pattern  20  is not formed (area indicated by the circular dashed line  31  in  FIG. 4 ( a ) ) thus curving the diffraction grating pattern  20 . Details thereof will be described below. 
         [0047]    Examples 1 to 3 described below are examples in which a curved grating mold  2  is prepared by forming a diffraction grating pattern by transfer using a silicon substrate. Example 4 is an example in which a curved grating mold  2  is prepared by forming a diffraction grating pattern without using a silicon substrate. 
       Example 1 
       [0048]    The method for manufacturing a curved grating mold  2  in Example 1 will be described using  FIG. 5 . 
         [0049]    First, a diffraction grating pattern  30  having a waved shape is formed on a bulk silicon substrate  3  by a semiconductor process (for example, photolithography or etching) ( FIG. 5( a ) ). 
         [0050]    After the diffraction grating pattern is prepared, the silicon substrate is bonded to a glass substrate  24  and heated to around the softening point. Thus, the shape similar to the diffraction grating pattern  30  formed on the silicon substrate is transferred to the glass substrate  24 , forming a diffraction grating pattern  20  ( FIG. 5( b ) ). 
         [0051]    After the transfer, the silicon substrate  3  is removed by etching, thus preparing a glass diffraction grating  25  ( FIG. 5( c ) ). 
         [0052]    A desired curved substrate  26  is installed on the back side of the surface where the diffraction grating pattern  20  is formed, of the glass diffraction grating  25  ( FIG. 5( d ) ). At this point, though not shown in this illustration, the support plate  50  of the diffraction grating pattern.  20  is prepared in the state of  FIG. 4( b ) . 
         [0053]    By applying a high temperature at which the glass is in a viscoelastic range in this state, the glass diffraction grating  25  is deformed ( FIG. 5( e ) ). 
         [0054]    Next, the curved substrate  26  is detached and a silicon curved fixed substrate  22   a  installed. The glass diffraction grating  25  and the silicon curved fixed substrate  22   a  are anodic-bonded ( FIG. 5( f ) ). In anodic bonding, as illustrated, the curved fixed substrate  22   a  and the glass diffraction grating  25  are both used as electrodes and a current is applied between the two electrodes, thus bonding the two together. 
         [0055]    Finally, an unnecessary part of the glass diffraction grating  25  is removed, forming a curved grating mold  2  ( FIG. 5( g ) ). 
         [0056]    As the silicon substrate  3  and the class substrate  24  are bonded together to transfer the diffraction grating pattern  30 , there is no misalignment between the substrates and the diffraction grating pattern  30  can be transferred with high accuracy. 
       Example 2 
       [0057]    Next, the method for manufacturing a curved grating mold  2  in Example 2 will be described using  FIG. 6 . A diffraction grating pattern  30  having a waved shape is formed on a bulk silicon substrate  3  by a semiconductor process (for example, photolithography or etching) ( FIG. 6( a ) ). 
         [0058]    After the diffraction grating pattern is prepared, the silicon substrate is bonded to a glass substrate  24  and heated to around the sot softening point. Thus, the shape similar to the diffraction grating pattern  30  formed on the silicon substrate is transferred to the glass substrate  24 , forming a diffraction grating pattern  20  ( FIG. 6( b ) ). 
         [0059]    After the transfer, the silicon substrate  3  is removed by etching, thus preparing a glass flat grating  25  ( FIG. 6 ( c ) ). 
         [0060]    A desired glass curved, fixed substrate  22   b  is installed on the back side of the surface where the diffraction grating pattern  20  is formed, of the glass diffraction grating  25  ( FIG. 6( d ) ). At this point, though not shown in this illustration, the support plate  50  of the diffraction grating pattern  20  is prepared in the state of  FIG. 4( b ) . 
         [0061]    By applying a high temperature at which the glass is in a viscoelastic range in this state, the glass diffraction grating  25  is deformed ( FIG. 6( e ) ). 
         [0062]    At this point, the glass diffraction grating  25  and the glass curved, fixed substrate  22   b  can be fixed together by heat. The glass diffraction grating  25  is deformed and fixed to the curved fixed substrate  22   b  from a center part and therefore can be fixed without a void. Finally, an unnecessary part of the glass diffraction grating  25  is removed, forming a curved grating mold  2  ( FIG. 6( f ) ). 
         [0063]    Here, a characteristic of this example is that, since the glass curved fixed substrate  22   b  is used, which has the same linear expansion coefficient as the glass flat grating  25 , damage at the time of cooling from the high temperature can be prevented. 
       Example 3 
       [0064]    Next, the method for manufacturing a curved grating mold  2  in Example 3 will be described using  FIG. 7 . A diffraction grating pattern  30  having a waved shape is formed on a bulk silicon substrate  3  by a semiconductor process (for example, photolithography or etching) ( FIG. 7( a ) ). 
         [0065]    After the diffraction grating pattern is prepared, the silicon substrate is bonded to a glass substrate  24  and heated to around the softening point. Thus, the shape similar to the diffraction grating pattern  30  formed on the silicon substrate is transferred to the glass substrate  24 , forming a diffraction grating pattern  20  on the glass substrate  24  ( FIG. 7( b ) ). 
         [0066]    After the transfer, the silicon substrate  3  is formed into a thin film by grinding or etching ( FIG. 7( c ) ). 
         [0067]    A desired glass curved fixed substrate  22   h  is installed on the back side of the surface where the diffraction grating pattern  20  is formed, of the glass diffraction grating  25 , and a concave curved substrate  26  having a symmetrical shape to the curved fixed substrate  22   b  is installed on the silicon substrate  3  side ( FIG. 7( d ) ). 
         [0068]    By applying a high temperature at which the glass is in a viscoelastic range in this state, the glass diffraction grating  25  is deformed ( FIG. 7( e ) ). 
         [0069]    At this point, the glass diffraction grating  25  and the glass curved fixed substrate  22   b  can be fixed together by heat. The glass diffraction grating  25  is deformed and fixed to the curved fixed substrate  22   b  from a center part and therefore can be fixed without a void. Finally, an unnecessary part of the glass diffraction grating  25  is removed by etching the silicon substrate  3 , forming a curved grating mold.  2  ( FIG. 7( f ) ). 
         [0070]    Here, a characteristic of this example is that, since the diffraction grating patterns  20 ,  30  do not contact the curved fixed substrate  22   b  and the concave curved substrate  26 , the glass diffraction grating  25  can be formed into a desired curved, shape with high accuracy. 
         [0071]    Also, after the silicon substrate  3  and the glass substrate  24  are bonded together and the silicon substrate  3  is formed into a thin film, the curved fixed substrate  22   b  and the concave curved substrate  26  are installed and a high temperature at which the glass shows viscoelasticity is applied. Thus, it is possible to form a curved grating mold  2  by simultaneously carrying out the transfer of the diffraction grating pattern  30  to the glass substrate  24 , the deformation of the glass substrate  24 , and the fixing of the glass substrate  24  and the curved fixed substrate  22   b.    
       Example 4 
       [0072]    Next, the method for manufacturing a curved, grating mold  2  in Example 4 will be described using  FIG. 8 . A diffraction grating pattern.  30  is formed on a bulk silicon substrate  3  by a semiconductor process (for example, photolithography or etching) ( FIG. 8( a ) ). 
         [0073]    After the diffraction grating pattern is prepared, the silicon substrate is bonded to a glass substrate  24  and heated to around the softening point, thus forming a diffraction grating pattern  20  on the glass substrate  24  ( FIG. 8 ( b ) ). 
         [0074]    After the transfer, the silicon substrate  3  is removed by grinding or etching ( FIG. 8 ( c ) ). 
         [0075]    On a surface where the diffraction grating pattern  20  is formed, of a glass diffraction grating  25 , a material which is highly temperature-resistant and hard to deform, such as silicon or tungsten, is formed into a film as a protection film  33  by sputtering ( FIG. 8 ( d ) ). 
         [0076]    A desired glass curved fixed substrate  22   h  is installed on the back of the surface were the diffraction grating pattern  20  is formed, of the glass diffraction grating  25 , and a concave curved substrate  26  having a symmetrical shape to the curved fixed substrate  22   b  is installed on the protection film  33  side ( FIG. 8( e ) ). 
         [0077]    By applying a high temperature at which the glass is in a viscoelastic range in this state, the glass diffraction grating  25  is deformed ( FIG. 8( f ) ). At this point, the glass flat grating  25  and the glass curved fixed substrate  22   b  can be fixed together by heat. Also, the diffraction grating pattern  20  is protected by the projection film  33  and therefore is relatively less subject to damage from the concave curved substrate  26 . The glass diffraction grating  25  is deformed and fixed to the curved fixed substrate  22   b  from a center part and therefore can be fixed without a void. 
         [0078]    Next, the concave curved substrate  26  is removed ( FIG. 8( g ) ) and the protection film.  33  is removed by etching ( FIG. 8( h ) ). 
         [0079]    Finally, an unnecessary part of a glass curved grating  27  is removed, forming a curved grating mold  2  ( FIG. 8( i ) ). 
         [0080]    Here, a characteristic of this example is that the projection film  33  is a thin film and that the glass diffraction grating  25  can be formed into a desired curved shape with high accuracy. 
       Example 5 
       [0081]    Next, the method for manufacturing a curved grating mold in Example 5 will be described using  FIG. 9 . This example is different from the above Examples 1 to 3 in that the processes such as the formation of a diffraction grating pattern on a silicon substrate and the transfer of the diffraction grating pattern to a glass substrate are not used. 
         [0082]    First, a diffraction grating pattern  20  is formed on a bulk glass substrate  24  by a semiconductor process (for example, photolithography or etching), thus forming a glass diffraction grating  25  ( FIG. 9 ( a ) ). 
         [0083]    A desired glass curved fixed substrate  22  is installed on the back side of the surface where the diffraction grating pattern  20  is formed, of the glass diffraction grating  25  ( FIG. 9( b ) ). At this point, though not shown in this illustration, the support plate  50  of the diffraction grating pattern  20  is prepared in the state of  FIG. 4 ( b ) . 
         [0084]    By applying a high temperature at which the glass is in a viscoelastic range in this state, the glass diffraction grating  25  is deformed ( FIG. 9( c ) ). At this point, the glass diffraction grating  25  and the glass curved fixed substrate  22  can be fixed together by heat. The glass diffraction grating  25  is deformed and fixed to the curved fixed substrate  22  from a center part and therefore can be fixed without a void. 
         [0085]    Finally, an unnecessary part of the class diffraction grating  25  is removed, forming a curved grating mold  2  ( FIG. 9( d ) ). 
         [0086]    Here, a characteristic of this example is that, since the glass diffraction grating  25  is worked by a semiconductor process (for example, photolithography or etching), the processes of forming a diffraction grating pattern on a silicon substrate, bonding to a glass substrate, and transfer, described in Examples 1 to 3, can be omitted. 
         [0087]    Hereinafter, an example in which a curved grating is prepared, using the curved grating mold  2  prepared in the above Examples 1 to 5, will be described. 
       Example 6 
       [0088]    The method for manufacturing a curved grating  4  using the curved grating mold  2  described in Examples 1 to 5 will be described, using  FIG. 10 . 
         [0089]    The curved grating mold  2  formed by one of the methods described in Example 1 to 5 is prepared ( FIG. 10( a ) ). 
         [0090]    A release layer is formed on the surface of the curved grating mold  2  and a reflection film  41  is formed on the release layer ( FIG. 10 ( b ) ). The release laser is provided to facilitate release when detaching a resin  42  and a fixed substrate  43  from the curved grating mold  2 , described below using  FIG. 10 ( d ) . 
         [0091]    A liquid curing resin  42  and a fixed substrate  43  are installed on the reflection film  41  ( FIG. 10( c ) ). 
         [0092]    After the resin is cured, the resin  42  and the fixed substrate  43  are detached from the curved grating mold  2 , thus manufacturing a curved grating  4  ( FIG. 10( d ) ). A flexible metal film may be used instead of the resin. Also, after the diffraction grating pattern  20  is transferred to the resin  42  using the curved grating mold  2  and by a technique such as nano-imprinting, the reflection film  41  may be formed on the surface thereof. 
       REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 
       [0000]    
       
         
           
               1  . . . spectrophotometer 
               2  . . . curved grating mold 
               3  . . . silicon flat grating substrate 
               4  . . . curved grating 
               11  . . . light source 
               12 ,  14  . . . slit 
               13  . . . curved grating 
               15  . . . condensing lens 
               16  . . . sample 
               17  . . . detector 
               20  . . . diffraction grating pattern 
               21  . . . amorphous material substrate 
               22  . . . curved fixed substrate 
               24  . . . amorphous material substrate 
               25  . . . amorphous material diffraction grating substrate 
               26  . . . curved substrate 
               30  . . . diffraction grating pattern 
               31  . . . curved grating area 
               32  . . . vent groove 
               41  . . . reflection film 
               42  . . . resin 
               43  . . . fixed substrate 
               50  . . . support plate