Abstract:
A lens has at least one aspheric lens surface, an objective with at least one aspheric lens surface, and a projection exposure device for microlithography and a method for the production of microstructured components with an objective having at least one aspheric lens surface. The object of the invention is to provide a method by which new designs with aspheric lens surfaces can be generated without consultation with manufacturing, with this object attained by the measure of describing the aspheric lens surfaces by Zernike polynomials, which makes it is possible to undertake a classification of aspheric lens surfaces such that the respective aspheric lens surface can be polished and tested at a justifiable cost when at least two of three, or all three, of certain conditions are present.

Description:
[0001]    This patent application is a Continuation-In-Part of International Patent Application PCT/EP01/14314, with a priority date of 22 Dec. 2000. 
     
    
     
       CROSS REFERENCES TO RELATED APPLICATIONS  
         [0002]    Not applicable.  
         STATEMENT REGARDING FEDERALLY SPONSORED RESEARCH OR DEVELOPMENT  
         [0003]    Not applicable.  
         BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION  
         [0004]    The invention relates to a lens with at least one aspheric lens surface, to an objective with at least one aspheric lens surface, and to a projection exposure device for microlithography and a method for the production of microstructured components with an objective having at least one aspheric lens surface.  
           [0005]    Lenses with aspheric lens surfaces are increasingly used, particularly in projection objection objectives for microlithography, for improving imaging quality. For example, such projection objectives are known from German Patent Documents DE 198 18 444 A1, DE 199 42 281, U.S. Pat. No. 5,990,926, U.S. Pat. No. 4,948,328, and European Patent Document EP 332 201 B1.  
           [0006]    Aspheric lenses are increasingly used in projection objection objectives for microlithography, for improving imaging quality. However, in order to attain the desired quality improvement by the use of lenses with aspheric lens surfaces, it is necessary that the actual shape of the aspheric lens surfaces does not deviate more than a predetermined amount form the reference data of the lens surface. The permissible deviations between the reference surface and the actual surface are very small in microlithography, because of the finer and finer structures to be imaged. For testing whether a present aspheric lens surface corresponds to the required lens surface within the range of measurement accuracy, a special test optics is required. The quality of the aspheric lens surface is tested with this test optics.  
           [0007]    The complexity of such test optics depends definitively on the surface shape of the aspheric lens surface. In particular, the use is desirable of aspheric lenses whose aspheric lens surface can be tested by test optics which can be provided at a justifiable cost and which preferably consists of a small number of spherical lenses.  
           [0008]    It can also be necessary in the production of aspheric lens surfaces for the aspheric lens surface to have to be tested and reworked repeatedly during the production process.  
           [0009]    Due to polishing also, an undesired and non-uniform change of the surface shape can arise in dependence on the surface because of polishing removal, resulting in an impermissible change in the aspheric lens surface.  
           [0010]    Furthermore, it can also happen with aspheric lenses of high asphericity, that is, with a large deviation from a spherical surface, and with a strong variation of the local curvature, that these surfaces can be polished only with very small polishing tools, with a very large polishing cost, or it is nearly impossible to polish the aspheric surface. Just in the process of designing objectives, it is not comfortable if the designer can only find out, by multiple consultations with the polishing specialist and with the specialist responsible for preparing the test optics, whether a design he has developed can be manufactured, or whether he has to change the design, so that a design exists which is also acceptable from manufacturing standpoints. Particularly when manufacture and development are spatially separated from one another, discussion and agreement between design and manufacturing entails a considerable cost in time.  
         SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION  
         [0011]    The invention has as its object to provide a method by which new designs with aspheric lens surfaces can be generated without consultation with manufacturing.  
           [0012]    The object of the invention is attained by the following features: By the measure of describing the aspheric lens surfaces by Zernike polynomials, it is possible to undertake a classification of aspheric lens surfaces such that the respective aspheric lens surface can be polished and tested at a justifiable cost when at least two of the three conditions (a)-(c) according to the following conditions are present:  
         P        (   h   )       =         h   2       R        (     1   +       1   -       h   2       R   2             )         +   K0   +     K4   *   Z4     +     K9   *   Z9     +     K10   *   Z16     +     K25   *   Z25     +     K36   *   Z36     +     K49   *   Z49     +     K64   *   Z64                             
 
           [0013]    with  
           [0014]    Z4=(2×h2−1)  
           [0015]    Z9=(6h4−6h2+1)  
           [0016]    Z16=(20h6−30h4+23h2−1)  
           [0017]    Z25=(70h8−140h6+90h4−20h2+1)  
           [0018]    Z36=(252h10−630h8+560h6−210h4+30 h2−1)  
           [0019]    Z49=(924h12−27.72h10+h3150h8−1680h6+h420h4−42h2+1)  
           [0020]    Z64=(3432h14−12012h12+16632h110−h11550h8+4200h6−756h4+56h2−1)  
           [0021]    where P is the sagitta as a function of the normed radial distance h from the optical axis  7 :  
       h   =         distance                 from                 the                 optical                 axis         1   /   2          (     lens                 diameter                 of                 the                 aspheric     )         =     normed                 radius                            0   &lt;   h   ≤   1                           
 
           [0022]    and wherein at least two of the following conditions is fulfilled:  
             |     K16   K9     |     &lt;   0.7             (   a   )               |     K25   K9     |     &lt;   0.1             (   b   )               |     K36   K9     |     &lt;   0.02             (   c   )                               
 
           [0023]    the radius of the aspheric lens surface being fixed so that K4=0.  
           [0024]    The object of the invention is also achieved when all of the above conditions (a through c) are fulfilled.  
           [0025]    Thus it is possible for the designer, without consultation with manufacturing, to be able to make a statement about whether his design can be tested and produced. The designer can limit himself to producing designs which can be tested and manufactured.  
           [0026]    In particular, the presence of condition (c) has an advantageous effect on the manufacturability of aspheric lens surfaces.  
           [0027]    By the measure that the proportions resulting from the Zernike polynomial, relative to the normal radius, do not exceed the following contributions, a class of aspheric lens surface is created which are outstanding for easy manufacturability and testability.  
           [0028]    Those contributions are:  
           [0029]    Zernike polynomial Z9, ≦300 μm  
           [0030]    Zernike polynomial Z16, ≦35 μm  
           [0031]    Zernike polynomial Z25, ≦5 μm  
           [0032]    Zernike polynomial Z36, &lt;1 μm  
           [0033]    Zernike polynomial Z49, &lt;0.02 μm,  
           [0034]    By analogy to a vibrating air column or vibrating string, the coefficients Z16, Z25, Z49, Z64, etc. could be described as the overtones of the aspheric object. The poorer in overtones, i.e., the faster the decay of the amplitudes of the components from the Zernike polynomials Z16 and greater, the easier it is to manufacture an aspheric. Furthermore, a compensation optics having lenses, or a computer-generated hologram, for testing the aspheric thereby becomes substantially insensitive as regards tolerances. In addition, rapid decay of the amplitudes makes it possible to find an isoplanatic compensation optics. The natural decay of the amplitudes of the Zernike contributions is decisive for the quality of matching of the test optics to the aspheric lens surface (residual RMS value of the wavefront). This is clear from the example put forward, with a particularly harmonic decay of the higher Zernike amplitudes. It would also be undesirable to unnaturally decrease an individual higher Zernike term in its amplitude. A compensation optics of spherical lenses with a technically reasonable sin-i loading generates quite by itself a gently decaying amplitude pattern of higher Zernike terms.  
           [0035]    It has furthermore been found to be advantageous to provide the aspheric lens surface on a convex lens surface. This has an advantageous effect on the polishing process.  
           [0036]    It has been found to be advantageous to provide in an objective only aspheric lens surfaces which according to the characterization by Zernike polynomials are easily produced with the required accuracy.  
           [0037]    It has been found to be advantageous, in order to further improve the effect of these aspheric lens surfaces, to arrange a spherical lens surface respectively neighboring the aspheric lens surface and having a radius which deviates at most by 30% from the radius of the aspheric lens surface. By this measure, a nearly equidistant air gap is formed between the aspheric lens surface and the adjacently arranged spherical lens surface. The designer is thereby freer in the curvature of the aspheric, which represents an additional important degree of freedom of the aspheric, without thereby making it difficult to manufacture the aspheric. 
       
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES  
       [0038]    Further advantageous measures are described in detail in further dependent claims using the embodiment examples.  
         [0039]    [0039]FIG. 1 shows a projection exposure device;  
         [0040]    [0040]FIG. 2 shows a lens arrangement of a projection objective, designed for the wavelength 351 nm;  
         [0041]    [0041]FIG. 3 shows a lens arrangement of a projection objective, designed for the wavelength 193 nm; and  
         [0042]    [0042]FIG. 4 shows a test arrangement for the aspheric lens used in FIG. 2. 
     
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION  
       [0043]    The structure of a projection exposure device is first described in principle with reference to FIG. 1. The projection exposure device has an exposure device  3  and a projection objective  5 . The projection objective  5  includes a lens arrangement  19  with an aperture diaphragm AP, an optical axis  7  being defined by the lens arrangement  19 . A mask  9  is arranged between the exposure device  3  and projection objective  5 , and is held in the beam path by a mask holder  11 . Such masks  9  used in microlithography have a micrometer to nanometer structure which is imaged on an image plane  13  by means of the projection objective  5  with a reduction by a factor of up to 10, preferably a factor of 4. A substrate or a wafer  15  positioned by a substrate holder  17  is retained in the image plane  13 . The minimum structures which can still be resolved depend on the wavelength λ of the light used for the exposure and also on the aperture of the projection objective  5 ; the maximum attainable resolution of the projection exposure device increases with decreasing wavelength of the exposure device  3  and with increasing aperture of the projection objective  5 .  
         [0044]    The lens arrangement  19  of a projection objective  5  for microlithography shown in FIG. 2 includes 31 lenses, which can be divided into six lens groups G 1 -G 6 . This lens arrangement is designed for the wavelength 351 nm.  
         [0045]    The first lens group begins with a negative lens L 1 , followed by four positive lenses L 2 -L 5 . This first lens group has positive refractive power.  
         [0046]    The second lens group G 2  begins with a thick meniscus lens L 6  of negative refractive power, with convex curvature toward the object. This negative lens is followed by two further negative lenses L 7  and L 8 . The lens L 9  following these is a meniscus lens of positive refractive power, which has a convex lens surface on the object side and is thus curved toward the object. As the last lens of the second lens group, a meniscus lens of negative refractive power is provided, curved toward the image, and is aspherized on the convex lens surface arranged on the image side. A correction of image errors in the region between the image field zone and image field edge is in particular possible by means of this aspheric lens surface in the second lens group G 2 . In particular, the image errors of higher order, which become evident on observing sagittal sections, are corrected. Since these image errors, visible in sagittal section, are particularly difficult to correct, this is a particularly valuable contribution.  
         [0047]    The aspheric lens surface is mathematically described by the following equation with the Zernike polynomials Z9, Z16, Z25, Z49 and Z64. For the aspheric lens surface, there holds:  
         P        (   h   )       =         h   2       R        (     1   +       1   -       h   2       R   2             )         +   K0   +     K4   *   Z4     +     K9   *   Z9     +     K10   *   Z16     +     K25   *   Z25     +     K36   *   Z36     +     K49   *   Z49     +     K64   *   Z64                             
 
         [0048]    with:  
         [0049]    Z4=(2×h 2 −1)  
         [0050]    Z9=(6h 4 −6h 2 +1)  
         [0051]    Z16=(20h 6 −30h 4 +23h 2 −1)  
         [0052]    Z25=(70h 8 −140h 6 +90h 4 −20h 2 +1)  
         [0053]    Z36=(252h 10 −630h 8 +560h 6 −210h 4 +30 h 2 −1)  
         [0054]    Z49=(924h 2 −27.72h 10 +3150h 8 −1680h 6 +h420h 4 −42h 2 +1)  
         [0055]    Z64=(3432h 14 −12012h 12 +16632h 10 −11550h 8 +4200h 6 −756h 4 +56h 2 −1)  
         [0056]    where P is the sagitta as a function of the normed radial distance h from the optical axis  7 :  
       h   =         distance                 from                 the                 optical                 axis         1   /   2          (     lens                 diameter                 of                 the                 aspheric     )         =     normed                 radius                            0   &lt;   h   ≤   1                           
 
         [0057]    The coefficients allocated to the Zernike polynomial and the radius are likewise given in the Tables, for describing the aspheric lens surface. The radius of the aspheric lens surface is fixed so that the following holds:  
           K 4 *Z 4=0 =&gt;R    
         [0058]    Other Zernike coefficients result with the selection of a differing radius. In particular, the Zernike polynomials of lower order would be changed. By selecting K 4 =0 or nearly 0, statements about manufacturability and testability of the aspherics can be particularly easily derived from the Zernike coefficients. The component resulting from the Zernike polynomial Z9 contributes to spherical aberration of the third order. The portions resulting from the Zernike polynomial Z16 contribute to the correction of the fifth order spherical aberration. The contributions from the Zernike polynomial Z25 contribute to the correction of the seventh order spherical aberration, and the portions from the Zernike polynomial Z36 contribute to the correction of the ninth order spherical aberration.  
         [0059]    The third lens group G 3  is formed by the following five lenses L 11 -L 15 . Two thick positive lenses are arranged in the middle of the third lens group; their surfaces facing toward each other are strongly curved. A very thin positive lens L 13  is arranged between these two thick positive lenses, and has practically no refractive power. This lens is of little importance, so that this lens can be dispensed with if required, with slight modifications of the objective structure. This third lens group has positive refractive power.  
         [0060]    The fourth lens group G 4  is formed by three negative lenses L 16 -L 18  and thus has negative refractive power.  
         [0061]    The fifth lens group is formed by lenses L 19 -L 27 . The diaphragm is arranged after the first three positive lenses L 19 -L 21 . Two thick positive lenses are arranged after the diaphragm, and their mutually facing surfaces have a strong curvature. This arrangement of the lenses L 22  and L 23  has an advantageous effect on the spherical aberration. Account is taken by means of this arrangement of the lenses L 22  and L 23  of the principle of “lens of best shape”, i.e., strongly curved surfaces are situated in a ray path of approximately parallel rays. At the same time, specific contributions to the undercorrection of the oblique spherical aberration are provided and, in combination with the two following meniscuses L 24  and L 25 , which have an overcorrecting action on oblique spherical aberration, make possible an outstanding overall correction. The focal lengths of these lenses are f12=465.405 mm and f34=448.462 mm.  
         [0062]    The sixth lens group G 6  principally has a negative lens L 28 , followed by two thick lenses. Differing from the example described, it can be advantageous for reducing compaction to use quartz glass for the last two lenses of this lens group.  
         [0063]    The length of this objective, from the object plane 0 to the image plane 0′, is 1,000 mm. The image field is 8×26 mm. The numerical aperture of this objective is 0.75. A bandwidth of about 2.5 pm is permissible with this objective. The exact lens data can be gathered from Table 1.  
                                                             TABLE 1                                           Refractive                       ½ Lens   index at       Lens   Radius   Thickness   Glasses   Diameter   351 nm                                0   Infinity   35.0240   L710   60.887   .999982       L 1   −908.93348   7.0000   FK5   61.083   1.506235           284.32550   6.4165   L710   63.625   .999982       L 2   968.84099   23.7611   FK5   64.139   1.506235           −212.21935   .7000   L710   66.550   .999982       L 3   413.73094   17.2081   FK5   69.428   1.506235           −424.88479   18.8724   L710   69.711   .999982       L 4   591.81336   19.7102   FK5   69.490   1.506235           −250.67222   .7000   L710   69.228   .999982       L 5   −2772.23751   12.8582   FK5   67.060   1.506235           −255.60433   .7000   L710   66.381   .999982       L 6   4699.63023   9.0382   FK5   62.603   1.506235           120.65688   26.0302   L710   56.905   .999982       L 7   −182.28783   6.0000   FK5   56.589   1.506235           302.39827   20.1533   L710   57.318   .999982       L 8   −140.55154   6.0000   FK5   57.674   1.506235           205.78996   .7000   L710   64.913   .999982       L 9   197.09815   10.0000   FK5   66.049   1.506235           223.79756   27.0961   L710   68.261   .999982       L 10   −191.72586   8.0000   FK5   70.299   1.506235           340.27531 A   2.2458   L710   77.287   .999982       L 11   −292.95078   19.3593   FK5   77.813   1.506235           −143.32621   .7000   L710   80.683   .999982       L 12   1440.49435   47.0689   FK5   95.650   1.506235           −155.30867   .7000   L710   98.253   .999982       L 13   −2647.76343   13.8320   FK5   100.272   1.506235           −483.82832   .7000   L710   100.543   .999982       L 14   169.62760   45.9417   FK5   99.308   1.506235           −1090.68864   3.2649   L710   96.950   .999982       L 15   102.07790   10.0000   FK5   77.455   1.505235           100.38160   40.1873   L710   73.370   .999982       L 16   −504.79995   6.0000   FK5   71.843   1.506235           130.61081   34.6867   L710   64.992   .999982       L 17   −153.51955   6.0000   FK5   64.734   1.506235           284.44035   34.2788   L710   67.573   .999982       L 18   −114.12583   8.2925   FK5   68.531   1.506235           731.33965   20.4412   L710   84.132   .999982       L 19   −291.19603   24.2439   FK5   86.387   1.506235           −173.68634   .7000   L710   93.185   .999982       L 20   −10453.06716   28.2387   FK5   111.655   1.506235           −304.21017   .7000   L710   114.315   .999982       L 21   −2954.65846   30.7877   FK5   122.647   1.506235           −312.03660   7.0000   L710   124.667   .999982       Diaphragm   Infinity   .0000       131.182   .999982           Diaphragm   .0000       131.182       L 22   1325.30512   52.2352   FK5   133.384   1.506235           −282.76663   .7000   L710   135.295   .999982       L 23   276.96510   52.6385   FK5   134.809   1.506235           −1179.05517   25.2703   L710   132.935   .999982       L 24   −311.05526   10.0000   FK5   131.670   1.506235           −587.25843   10.5026   L710   130.474   .999982       L 25   −374.19522   15.0000   FK5   130.116   1.506235           −293.45628   .7000   L710   130.127   .999982       L 26   198.19004   29.6167   FK5   111.971   1.506235           535.50347   .7000   L710   109.450   .999982       L 27   132.82366   34.0368   FK5   94.581   1.506235           361.69797   12.8838   L710   90.620   .999982       L 28   7006.77771   9.7505   FK5   88.792   1.506235           349.77435   1.0142   L710   79.218   .999982       L 29   174.38688   38.8434   FK5   73.443   1.506235           55.37159   4.9107   L710   45.042   .999982       L 30   55.08813   42.8799   FK5   43.842   1.506235           807.41351   1.9795   L710   30.725   .999982           Infinity   3.0000   FK5   29.123   1.506235           Infinity   12.0000       27.388   .999982                  
 
         [0064]    K4=0  
         [0065]    K9=66445.43 nm  
         [0066]    K16=33200.31 nm  
         [0067]    K25=4553.78 nm  
         [0068]    K36=843.85 nm  
         [0069]    K49=172.24 nm  
         [0070]    K64=30.49 nm  
         [0071]    K0=−37097.62 nm=offset  
         [0072]    A lens arrangement is shown in FIG. 3, designed for the wavelength 193 nm and including 31 lenses. These 31 lenses can be divided into six lens groups G 1 -G 6 .  
         [0073]    The first lens group includes the lenses L 101 -L 105  and has positive refractive power overall.  
         [0074]    The second lens group G 2  includes the lenses L 106 -L 110 . This lens group has overall negative refractive power, and a waist is formed by this lens group. The first three lenses L 106 -L 108  have negative refractive power, the lens L 109  being a meniscus lens curved away from the reticle and having positive refractive power. The lens L 110  is a meniscus lens curved toward the wafer and provided on the image-side lens surface with an aspheric AS 1 . A nearly equidistant air gap, which comprises a thickness of at least 10 mm, is formed by this aspheric lens surface AS 1  and the following spherical lens surface S 2  of the lens L 111 .  
         [0075]    The lens L 111  already belongs to the lens group L 3 , which includes the lenses of positive refractive power L 111 -L 115 . This lens group G 3  has positive refractive power overall.  
         [0076]    The fourth lens group G 4  is formed by the lenses L 116 -L 118  and has negative refractive power.  
         [0077]    The fifth lens group is formed by the lenses L 119 -L 127  and has positive refractive power. A diaphragm is arranged between the lenses L 121  and L 122 . The sixth lens group G 6  is formed by the lenses L 128 -LI 31 , and has positive refractive power.  
         [0078]    In the third lens group, the lens L 111  is made of CaF 2 . The use of CaF 2  at this point contributes to reducing the transverse chromatic error.  
         [0079]    Furthermore, the positive lenses around the diaphragm, i.e., two positive lenses before the diaphragm and the two positive lenses L 122  and L 123  after the diaphragm, are made of CaF 2 . Since the longitudinal chromatic error depends both on the ray diameter and also on the refractive power, the chromatic errors can be compensated well in the region of the diaphragm, since the ray diameter is greatest there and the refractive powers of the lenses are relatively high. In contrast to the CaF 2  lens L 111  in the third lens group G 3 , these CaF 2  lenses L 120 -L 123  have a certain amount of inhomogeneities, which can be compensated by a specific surface deformation on the respective lens. This is possible since only small variation of the ray inclinations occurs here.  
         [0080]    A further CaF 2  lens L 130  is provided in the last lens group L 6 . With this lens L 130 , a lens is concerned with a particularly strong radiation loading, so that the use of the material CaF 2  contributes to minimizing compaction and lens heating, since the material CaF 2  shows smaller compaction effects than does quartz glass.  
         [0081]    With this objective, a very well corrected objective is concerned, in which the deviation from the ideal wavefront ≦57.5 mλ with λ=193 nm. The distance between the object plane 0 and the image plane 0′ is 1,000 mm and an image field of 8*26 mm 2  can be exposed. The numerical aperture is 0.76. The exact lens data can be gathered from Table 2.  
                                                             TABLE 2                                       Refractive Index   ½ Free       Surface   Radius   Thickness   Glasses   193.304 nm   Diameter                                0   Infinity   32.000000000   L710   0.99998200   54.410       1   Infinity   14.179159189   L710   0.99998200   60.478       2   −164.408664394    6.500000000   Si0 2     1.56028900   60.946       3   477.741339202    7.790005801   HE   0.99971200   66.970       4   2371.284181560   17.748516367   Si0 2     1.56026900   69.245       5   −223.822058173    0.700000000   HE   0.99971200   70.887       6   1193.174516496   16.908813880   Si0 2     1.56028900   75.328       7   −310.690220530    0.700000000   HE   0.99971200   76.162       8   485.562118998   17.669354706   Si0 2     1.56028900   78.088       9   −493.961769975    0.700000000   HE   0.99971200   78.165       10   283.324079929   21.403504698   Si0 2     1.56028900   76.991       11   −575.651259941    0.700000000   HE   0.99971200   76.178       12   219.789049573   25.467779640   Si0 2     1.56028900   70.691       13   103.024318785   22.996372410   HE   0.99971200   59.994       14   −1410.580832137    6.300000000   Si0 2     1.56028900   59.678       15   138.332121536   22.459549851   HE   0.99971200   58.321       16   −258.063359303    6.300000000   Si0 2     1.56028900   58.777       17   211.150408840    4.720624389   HE   0.99971200   63.072       18   285.055583047   10.000000000   Si0 2     1.56028900   64.494       19   341.327971403   25.082030664   HE   0.99971200   66.580       20   −155.970649922    8.215676832   SIO2   1.56028900   68.121       21   −340.915621 A   13.915549894   HE   0.99971200   76.026       22   −239.610088127   17.154283278   CAF2HL   1.50143600   81.795       23   −158.430656481    0.700000000   HE   0.99971200   85.540       24   2921.942532737   36.745821475   SIO2   1.56028900   100.629       25   −199.180375968    0.700000000   HE   0.99971200   102.642       26   581.258911671   38.708808511   SIO2   1.56028900   108.907       27   −317.375895135    0.700000000   HE   0.99971200   109.183       28   166.493530930   41.501871919   SIO2   1.56028900   100.340       29   Infinity    4.685571876   HE   0.99971200   97.519       30   189.438503324   15.000000000   SIO2   1.56028900   82.804       31   129.565379485   27.721937943   HE   0.99971200   72.481       32   −827.552674490    6.300000000   SIO2   1.56028900   71.203       33   193.630934593   25.802720751   HE   0.99971200   65.619       34   −188.509323766    6.300000000   SIO2   1.56028900   65.012       35   190.247434306   36.481919216   HE   0.99971200   65.037       36   −110.072588070    6.300000000   SIO2   1.56028900   65.743       37   827.067219258   19.846860784   HE   0.99971200   78.180       38   −240.277331422   13.511987588   SIO2   1.56028900   80.133       39   −184.012276263    0.700000000   HE   0.99971200   84.422       40   −8089.819259729   34.993850995   CAF2HL   1.50143600   98.673       41   −208.055465305    0.700000000   HE   0.99971200   102.289       42   1182.181885936   40.462877050   CAF2HL   1.50143600   113.699       43   −275.059004135    0.000000000   HE   0.99971200   115.480       44   Infinity    4.499000000   HE   0.99971200   115.366       45   1047.795255328   31.392914078   CAF2HL   1.50143600   117.911       46   −395.614261534    0.700000000   HE   0.99971200   117.992       47   284.811208676   40.095643635   CAF2HL   1.50143600   114.217       48   −822.040097050   25.559296680   HE   0.99971200   112.963       49   −230.468653441   12.000000000   SIO2   1.56028900   111.553       50   −1740.772555558   16.496567642   HE   0.99971200   112.485       51   −384.661514825   35.655800394   SIO2   1.56028900   112.495       52   −216.196472563    0.700000000   HE   0.99971200   114.658       53   166.072770698   31.752863257   SIO2   1.56028900   101.831       54   515.781794736    0.700000000   HE   0.99971200   99.354       55   136.216120952   28.320295414   SIO2   1.56028900   87.888       56   324.185504117   12.445936974   HE   0.99971200   83.547       57   2205.751425211   12.000000000   SIO2   1.56028900   80.947       58   315.974328907    0.700000000   HE   0.99971200   71.831       59   128.655046396   35.172368748   SIO2   1.56028900   65.168       60   57.302742004    1.258423244   HE   0.99971200   42.354       61   54.304405295   34.782435109   CAF2HL   1.50143600   41.547       62   328.210777698    3.191995120   HE   0.99971200   30.798       63   Infinity    3.000000000   SIO2   1.36028900   28.819       64   Infinity   12.000000000   L710   0.99998200   27.177       65                   13.603                  
 
         [0082]    L 710  is air at 950 mbar.  
         [0083]    Aspheric Constants  
         [0084]    Zernike component of the aspheric surface No. 21  
         [0085]    ZER9=246.393 μm  
         [0086]    ZER16=7.96520 μm  
         [0087]    ZER25=1.39532 μm  
         [0088]    ZER36=−0.117584 μm  
         [0089]    ZER49=−0.0032066 m  
         [0090]    relative to a half free diameter of 76.026 mm.  
         [0091]    Aspheric Coefficients:  
         [0092]    K0=−31597.65 nm  
         [0093]    K4=0  
         [0094]    K9=57834.73 nm  
         [0095]    K16=29505.91 nm  
         [0096]    K25=3835.77 nm  
         [0097]    K36=655.93 nm  
         [0098]    K49=133.64 nm  
         [0099]    K64=23.24 nm  
         [0100]    A possible construction of a test optics suitable for testing the optical properties of the aspheric lens surfaces contained in FIGS. 2 and 3 is shown in FIG. 4. This test optics comprises 4 spherical lenses T 1 -T 4  of quartz glass. The length of this test structure is 480 mm. The working distance, i.e., the distance between the last lens of the test optics and the aspheric lens surface to be tested, is 20 mm. A test object of up to a maximum diameter of 155.4 mm can be tested with this test optics. The input diameter of the test optics is 192.107. The maximum diameter of this test optics is 193.874 mm. The deviation from the ideal wavefront is 0.384 with a test wavelength of 632.8 nm. This residual error can be computer compensated.  
         [0101]    This test optics is distinguished in that it is isoplanatic. The isoplanatic correction of the K-optics is valuable, since it contains the imaging scale with imaging of the aspheric lens surface from the middle to the edge on the interference image which arises. A constant lateral resolution is thereby obtained in testing aspherics. Because of the interference pattern which results on irradiation with a plane wavefront, the surface shape of the aspheric lens surface is determined by means of the interference pattern which appears.  
         [0102]    The exact lens data of the test optics can be gathered from Table 3.  
                                                             TABLE 3                       Lens   Radius   Thickness   Material   Diameter   sin i                                P1   1695.617   30.807   SIO2   192.11   0.057           −263.187   34.771       191.75   0.555       P2   213.537   10.000   SIO2   161.68   0.172           97.451   308.777       146.57   0.800       P3   154.172   36.663   SIO2   193.87   0.686           595.848   45.306       190.04   0.043       P4   −246.667   13.677   SIO2   181.65   0.548           −206.476   20.000       181.48   0.652                  
 
       List of Reference Numerals  
       [0103]    [0103] 1  Projection exposure device  
         [0104]    [0104] 2  Illumination device  
         [0105]    [0105] 5  Projection objective  
         [0106]    [0106] 7  Optical axis  
         [0107]    [0107] 9  Mask  
         [0108]    [0108] 11  Mask holder  
         [0109]    [0109] 13  Image plane  
         [0110]    [0110] 15  Wafer, substrate  
         [0111]    [0111] 17  Substrate holder  
         [0112]    [0112] 19  Lens arrangement  
         [0113]    AP Aperture diaphragm