Abstract:
A mobile armored incinerator apparatus on a trailer which can be driven to a site to burn explosive materials safely to eliminate noxious particulates and liquids. A primary combustion chamber has a rectangular shape with an internal telescoping loading cart. A secondary combustion chamber having a cylindrical shape is connected to the primary combustion chamber by a dust and as ash separator unit or duct which has baffles and air jets for separating ash particles from the exhaust exiting from the first chamber. The secondary combustion chamber then completes the combustion of the exhaust gases. The hot parts of the apparatus are made touchable with an aluminum sheeting shell.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     1. Field of the Invention 
     The present invention relates generally to incinerators. More specifically, the invention is a mobile armored incinerator having three stages for burning explosive materials. 
     2. Description of the Related Art 
     The related art of interest describes various incinerators, but none discloses the present invention. There is a need for a mobile armored incinerator which can be towed to facilities to incinerate explosive materials with maximum security and minimum toxic effluent. The related art will be discussed in the order of perceived relevance to the present invention. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 5,727,481 issued on Mar. 17, 1998, to Randall P. Voorhees et al. describes a portable armored incinerator for burning explosive material comprising a primary combustion chamber having armored walls and a loading cart mounted on telescoping rails, and a secondary combustion chamber mounted on a trailer The present invention is an improvement separating the combustion chambers with an interacting duct to form three separate stages. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 5,799,591 issued on Sep. 1, 1998, to Berris M. Anderson describes an incinerator for burning medical waste in a self-contained unit comprising a hopper over a fire chamber connected to a scrubber tank supported on a wheeled conveyor mechanism which is connected to water and gas supply sources. The incinerator is distinguishable for its required scrubber apparatus based on a water supply. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 5,495,063 issued on Feb. 27, 1996, to Hans E. Magenheimer et al. describes a process for destruction of pyrotechnic material in a controlled manner, wherein the slag is allowed to continue reacting in a tube reactor without an internal lining, the crude gas formed is passed through a 1200° C. region and cooled by heat exchangers to below 400° C., a preliminary multicyclone separator removes coarse particles, the gas passes through a series of fine dust filters, and the cleaned gas is released into the environment. The process and apparatus required is distinguishable for its unlined tube reactor and extensive array of filtering apparatus. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 5,743,196 issued on Apr. 28, 1998, to Vladimir Beryozkin et al. describes a mobile waste incinerator mounted on a truck having a connected receiving chamber, a preparation chamber, and an incineration chamber. The receiving chamber preheats the waste with recycled exhaust gases. The preparation chamber has small and large cutting blades for reducing the size of the waste. Each chamber is inclined up with the middle chamber being rotatable to 45°. The apparatus is distinguishable for its hopper system and rotating cutter blades. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 5,022,329 issued on Jun. 11, 1991, to John M. Rackley et al. describes a cyclone furnace for vitrifying inorganic hazardous materials containing heavy metals from waste containing organic materials. The inorganic hazardous material is retained and vitrified in the slag layer of a cyclone furnace and converted to a non-leachable, inert form for safe disposal, and the organic hazardous materials are completely destroyed. The apparatus is distinguishable for utilizing a cyclone furnace. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 5,331,106 issued on Jul. 19, 1994, to Stanley E. Spas describes the treatment of solid rocket propellant to reclaim valuable aluminum particles and extracting oxidizer by hydromining for reuse. The remaining solids are incinerated to recover aluminum oxide. The incinerator apparatus is distinguishable for its operation only on aluminum and binder material. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 5,423,271 issued on Jun. 13, 1995, to Walter Schulze describes a furnace employing incineration trays for burning away explosive substances. The apparatus is distinguishable for employing trailing incineration trays. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 5,741,465 issued on Apr. 21, 1998, to Ronald E. Gregg describes a reactive waste deactivation facility processing hazardous waste comprising a building having an outer perimeter of deactivation bays surrounding expansion chambers which are connected to an air pollution control system. The facility is distinguishable for requiring separate deactivation bays and expansion chambers. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 5,881,654 issued on Mar. 16, 1999, to Jeff L. Fleming et al. describes a combustion apparatus for thermal treatment of energetic materials comprising a containment system which maintains an interface between hot exhaust gas and a cooler gas. The apparatus is distinguishable for its reliance on an interface between hot and cool gases. 
     The following patents were cited in U.S. Pat. No. 5,727,481 discussed above. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 2,985,120 issued on May 23, 1961, to John B. Brandt et al. describes an unarmored mobile incinerator lacking explosion hatches. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 3,882,800 issued on May 13, 1975, to Michel G. J. du Chambon describes an unarmored automotive unit having a rotary furnace with an endless screw for loading. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 3,938,450 issued on Feb. 17, 1976, to John C. Jaronko et al. describes an apparatus having a wheeled chassis carrying a hopper, shredder and fan for directing air and refuse to a cylindrical member where the refuse is incinerated. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 4,627,365 issued on Dec. 9, 1986, to Juoyuan Tseng describes a mobile garbage incinerator with a hanging drum for lifting and dumping garbage into a collecting tank from which the garbage is removed to a main incinerating room, and then to a secondary incinerating room. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 4,852,815 issued on Aug. 1, 1989, to Hugo V. Giannotti describes an in transit resource recovery system including a motor vehicle having means for bag-ripping, sorting, shredding, pre-heating and pre-volatilizing, classifying, incineration, and gas clean-up, and containing bins for collection of recyclable items and ash. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 5,237,938 issued on Aug. 24, 1993, to Minoru Fujimori et al. describes a medical refuse incinerating vehicle having a main furnace and an after-burning furnace with means for injecting lime water in the main furnace. 
     German Patent Application No. 38 14 723 A1 published or Nov. 11, 1988, for Lutz Niemeyer describes a pyrolysis reactor using a plasma burner and configured with a curved duct for recycling and superimposing a centrifugal force in the reactor. The apparatus is distinguishable for its centrifugal reactor. 
     Japan Patent Application No. 4-2075 published on Jan. 24, 1992, for Minoru Suzuki describes a mobile incinerator for disposal of medical waste by adding a main combustion burner to an opening and closing door, and including a gun type oil burner which blows the flame into the main combustion chamber. The apparatus is distinguishable for its lack of means for removing particulates. 
     German Patent Application No. 40 37 919 published on May 27 1992, for Eberhard Weiss et al. describes a process for continuous removal of ammunition propellant and avoiding pollution by mixing with water, shredding, dewatering, and combustion in a fluidized bed. The apparatus is distinguishable for reliance on a fluidized bed for combustion. 
     Japan Patent Application No. 6-265122 published on Sep. 20, 1994, for Masao Kudo describes a change in the ground height of a pivotable chimney of a mobile incineration processing vehicle having primary and secondary combustion chambers. The apparatus is distinguishable for not requiring a connecting duct having particle separating ability. 
     Canada Patent Application No. 2,037,621 published on Nov. 14, 1995, for Minoru Fujimori et al. describes a mobile incinerating vehicle for burning medical refuse having a rotary burner with a three-way valve in the main furnace in which air, oil or lime water is injected. An integral after-burning furnace communicates with the main furnace. The apparatus is distinguishable for its integrated structure lacking a particle separating connecting duct. 
     None of the above inventions and patents, taken either singularly or in combination, is seen to describe the instant invention as claimed. Thus, an armored mobile explosive material burning incinerator apparatus solving the aforementioned problems is desired. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention is directed to a three-stage mobile incinerator on a trailer which can be driven to a site to burn explosive materials safely to eliminate noxious particulates and liquids. A primary combustion chamber has a rectangular shape with a telescoping loading cart. A secondary combustion chamber having a cylindrical shape is connected to the primary combustion chamber by a dust and ash separator unit or duct which has baffles and air jets for separating ash particles from the exhaust exiting from the first chamber. The secondary combustion chamber then completes the combustion of the exhaust gases. 
     Accordingly, it is a principal object of the invention to provide an apparatus for safely eliminating explosive toxic materials by incineration. 
     It is another object of the invention to provide an apparatus for safely eliminating explosive toxic materials by incineration which is easily transported by locating the apparatus on a trailer for transportation to the site having the dangerous materials. 
     It is a further object of the invention to provide an apparatus for safely eliminating explosive toxic materials by incineration in a three-stage combustion process. 
     Still another object of the invention is to provide an apparatus for safely eliminating explosive toxic materials by incineration in a three-stage combustion process including a dust and ash separator unit or duct which has baffles and air jets for separating ash particles from the exhaust exiting from the first combustion chamber before entering the second combustion chamber. 
     It is an object of the invention to provide improved elements and arrangements thereof for the purposes described which is inexpensive, dependable and fully effective in accomplishing its intended purposes. 
     These and other objects of the present invention will become readily apparent upon further review of the following specification and drawings. 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     FIG. 1 is a left side, elevational view of the armored mobile incinerator apparatus according to the present invention. 
     FIG. 2 is a right side, elevational view of the armored mobile incinerator apparatus according to the present invention. 
     FIG. 3 is a front elevational view of the armored mobile incinerator apparatus according to the present invention. 
     FIG. 4 is a rear elevational view of the armored mobile incinerator apparatus according to the present invention. 
     Similar reference characters denote corresponding features consistently throughout the attached drawings. 
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT 
     The present invention illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2 is directed to a mobile armored incinerator apparatus  10  comprising a primary combustion chamber  1  having an internal soft and pliable wall refractory lining, a ram loading unit mounted on telescoping rails (shown in U.S. Pat. No. 5,727,481, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference), a loading door  75 , and armor plated walls  80  reinforced by surrounding external beams  81  (FIG.  2 ). An interconnecting duct serving as a dust and ash particle unit  2  leads to a secondary combustion chamber  3 . The primary and secondary combustion chambers  1  and  3 , respectively, are supported by a trailer  71  having a trailer hitch  28 , a leveler  72 , a crank  73 , and triple axles with wheels  27 . 
     In the left side view FIG. 1, a generator operating control panel  40  positioned in the front of apparatus  10  controls the power supply generator  17  fueled by fuel tank  18  and powers the atomizing air compressor  53  (FIGS. 1 and 2) which receives ambient air from the air intake pipe  87  (FIG.  2 ). 
     With reference to the rear of the apparatus illustrated in FIGS. 1,  2  and  4 , the primary combustion chamber  1  is fabricated from armor plate  80 , surrounded with beams  81  as mentioned above for an increase in structural integrity to eliminate warpage. The armor plate is preferably fabricated of at least ⅜ inch thick steel plate. The beams  81  are steel channel stock at least 3 inches square in cross-section, weighing 4.1 lbs./ft., and placed in parallel with their centers spaced 16 in. apart. The primary combustion chamber  1  is preferably 8.5 ft. in length, 5.33 ft. in width, and 6 ft. in height. Preferably, all welded joints in the combustion chamber  1  are bevelled at 45°, and all welds are fully penetrated. Inside the chamber  1 , steel gussets (not shown) are installed in every corner at 45° angles using continuous welding. These critical reinforcements are deemed necessary to reduce the explosive pressure and eliminate warpage from heat on the corners. 
     The primary combustion chamber  1  is preferably lined on the inside with a soft and pliable refractory material to effectively absorb heat to avoid overheating the walls and to absorb the explosive shock. The refractory material is preferably a ceramic fiber blanket based material comprising a density range of 6-15 lb./ft., a thickness range of 6-15 in., and which is folded to form bolt-in modules. The modules are further coated with a rigidifying ceramic based material to reduce wear on the modules. 
     The primary combustion chamber burners  49  (FIGS. 1 and 2) are multi-fuel units which can burn natural gas, liquified propane gas, fuel oil, and various combustible chemical mixtures supplied through supply trains. Preferably, there are four primary burner units ignited by electric spark or gas pilot burners which are controlled by conventional pressure and electrically operated regulator devices and control valves (not shown) which coordinate and control the burning cycles, duration periods and temperature. Cooling air and mixing air vents  83  (FIGS. 1 and 3) allow pressurized air to pass into the primary combustion chamber  1 . 
     The interconnecting duct  2  in FIGS. 1 and 2 for separating the dust and ash issuing from the primary combustion chamber  1  is preferably lined with the same refractory material described for the chamber  1 . This unique design consisting of internal baffles and air jets provides an effective method for separating out the ash particles issuing from the primary combustion chamber  1 . Exhaust gas flow restricting control valves  66  (FIGS. 1 and 2) are positioned on either side of the duct  2  to control the quantity of air coming into the duct  2  to vary the degree of exhaust gas velocity and the separation of the ash particles. 
     The secondary combustion chamber  3  is an upright cylindrical tank preferably fabricated from ⅜ in. thick armor plate. The chamber  3  is fueled by a secondary burner  63  (FIG. 1) with the same fuel compositions recited above and designed to burn all the combustible materials in the exhaust gas issuing from the primary combustion chamber  1 . Temperature sensors  54  are provided adjacent the top of the chamber  3  for constant temperature measurement. 
     Combustion chambers  1  and  3 , the duct  2 , the gas trains  45  and  46 , and the power supply generator  17  are covered with a 14 gauge aluminum shell  38 . Shell  38  composes the outer skins of these units to allow their outer skin temperatures to remain at safe glove-touchable temperatures. 
     Adjacent the generator operating control panel  40  in FIG. 1, an air fan&#39;s soft start control panel  41  is located for controlling the air flow in the main gas and pilot (smaller diameter pipe) safety interlock supply pipe trains  45  and  46 , respectively. Below the dust and ash separator unit  2 , a main operating control panel  43  is located containing a 120 V., single phase, 60 Hz. control transformer  42 . A combined combustion air, cooling air and ejector air supply fan  61  (FIGS. 1 and 2) supplies combustion air and cooling air supply via pipe train  47  (FIG.  2 ). A pipe train  48  from the main fuel tank  18  in FIG. 1 supplies the gas or liquid fuel and atomizing air to the primary combustion chamber  1 . A plurality of mixing and cooling air nozzles  64  are positioned on both sides of the chamber  1 . An overfire air control valve  65  is positioned above the chamber  1 . A plurality of pressure release hatches  7  are furnished, preferably with either hinged stops (FIG.  1 ), rupture type disc units or poppet type lids  88  (FIG.  2 ). The hatches  7  will open to relieve a predetermined excessive pressure. All units  7  and  88  are constructed of alloy steel having stops or restrictors to limit their travel. An exhaust gas flow restricting control valve  66  is positioned on both sides of the dust and ash separator unit  2  to control the degree of exhaust gas velocity and particulate ash separation. 
     All burner units  49 ,  63  are ignited by a high intensity electric spark unit and gas pilot system (not shown). The burners and the heat created in each combustion chamber  1 ,  3  are controlled independently by digital temperature controllers by either thermocouples or infrared temperature sensors. Typically, the secondary combustion chamber  3  will be operated at higher temperatures to insure complete burning of any exhaust borne vapors and particles issuing from the primary combustion chamber  1 . A multi-function forced draft fan  61  (FIG. 2) supplies combustion air to the primary and secondary combustion burner units  49 ,  63 , cooling and mixing air to the cooling and mixing nozzles  54  on top of the primary combustion chamber (FIG.  1 ), ambient air to the overfire air control valves  65  (FIGS.  1  and  2 ), operating air to the exhaust gas flow control and separator control valves  66 , and pressurized air to a secondary ejector system. 
     As disclosed in Pat. No. 5,727,481, after the loading door  75  (FIG. 4) is opened, a ram loader mounted on hinged telescoping rails pulls down and outward from the rear of the primary combustion unit  1  for loading the combustible materials. The loading door  75  is fabricated from ⅜ inch thick steel plate and lined on its inside surface with the soft and pliable wall refractory material mentioned above. A high temperature resistant glass viewing port  6  having a door is centered on the door  75  of the primary combustion chamber  1  for viewing the combustion process. A pair of upright door support and guide channel beams  78 , a pair of upright hydraulic or pneumatic operating cylinder units  76 , and ram loader mounting hinges  79  on the bottom of the door are provided for the primary combustion chamber  1 . 
     FIGS. 1,  2  and  3  illustrate the sides and the front end of the trailer  71 , respectively, having an inspection and service platform  55 ; an access ladder  56 ; liquid fuel pumping units  57  (FIG.  2 ); liquid fuel and atomizing air safety interlock supply pipe trains  58  (FIG.  2 ); wiring junction boxes  59  (FIGS.  2  and  4 ); pilot gas, liquid fuel and atomizing air supply pipe trains  60  (FIGS.  2  and  3 ); an ejector air control valve  62  (FIG.  2 ); an air receiver tank  87  (FIG.  3 ); a secondary combustion air flow control valve  67  (FIG.  2 ); a primary combustion air cooling flow control valve  68  (FIG.  2 ); a hydraulic pumping unit  69 ; and a fuel storage tank  70 . 
     In FIG. 4, the rear lighting and signalling devices  74  of the trailer  71  are wired for 12 volts D.C. supplied by the battery or generator of the vehicle towing the trailer  71  to meet the regulation requirements of the U.S. Department of Transportation. 
     The trailer  71  is equipped with a surge brake actuator on the front end which can exert a pressure of at least 80,000 p.s.i. for smoother and more responsive braking with heavy loads. The frame of the trailer  71  is constructed with steel channel beams and cross members which are reinforced with triangular gussets. The channel beams are 8 in. square in cross-section and weigh 13.75 lbs./ft. The cross members are 4 in. square in cross-section. The trailer  71  can carry at least 15,000 lbs. with its three axles and wheels  27  covered by fender skirts  26  (FIGS.  1  and  2 ). 
     While the incinerator is mounted on a trailer, it is contemplated that the incinerator can be mounted in a motor vehicle or attached to a sled or boat. 
     It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, but encompasses any and all embodiments within the scope of the following claims.