Abstract:
A step system for providing a toehold/slide guard on inclined surfaces, such as a roof is disclosed. Individual steps including a toehold are connected at variable distances by flexible material permitting the steps to be spaced sufficiently far apart to allow an adult to kneel between neighboring steps. In preferred embodiments of the step system, individual steps include molded cutout handles, reenforced grommets for passage of fasteners, and non-skid surfaces for additional safety when the step system is employed in steeply pitched planes.

Description:
[0001]    This application claims priority from U.S. Provisional Application Serial No. 60/174,714 filed Jan. 6, 2000. The entirety of that provisional application is incorporated herein by reference. 
     
    
     
       BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION  
         [0002]    1. Field of the Invention  
           [0003]    The invention relates to a step system for providing a toehold/slide guard on inclined surfaces, such as a roof.  
           [0004]    2. Discussion of the Background  
           [0005]    Providing a safe and secure foothold for workers working on an inclined surface, such as a roof, has been a concern in the construction industry for years. The most common method for providing a foothold on a roof today is by nailing a 2×4 (as used herein, 2″×4″refers to a 2 inch by 4 inch piece of lumber) directly to the roof. This method has several disadvantages. First, nailing a 2×4 to the roof creates holes in existing roofing materials. Second, because there is no protective material surrounding the 2×4, workers using the 2×4 as a toehold/slide guard will often dislodge granular material that is attached to roof shingles. Third, the lack of protective material around the roof step allows soil and other debris from workers&#39; shoes to be deposited on the roof.  
           [0006]    The above identified short comings associated with the use of a 2×4 for toeholds/slide guards has led to the development of a number of alternative systems. These alternative systems can generally be classified into one of two categories: 1) ladder-like roofing systems; and 2) platform systems. Ladder-like systems generally provide steps, similar to a ladder, that are intended to allow a worker to climb the roof. An example of a ladder-like system is the system described in UK Patent No. 2,131,475. Systems such as these provide a number of steps, spaced approximately the same distance as steps in a ladder. One drawback to the system proposed in UK Patent No. 2,131,475 is that the system is comprised of a rigid board, which makes the system cumbersome for use on a roof. Another example of a ladder-like system is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 2,708,543. This system discloses a number of triangular steps attached to a flexible rubber/foam backing board. Although this system has the advantage of providing a flexible backing, it still suffers from the relative disadvantage of being heavy and cumbersome for use on a roof. More importantly, both of these ladder-like systems do not provide toeholds that are spaced sufficiently far enough apart to allow a worker to kneel between successive, or neighboring, toeholds. Thus, while such ladder-like systems are useful for climbing a roof, such systems are not as useful for a roofer who needs to kneel while perched on a toehold to install roofing shingles.  
           [0007]    The second type of alternative roofing systems are platform based roofing systems. An example of a platform based roofing system is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,946,123. This system consists of an angled bracket that holds a 2×4 at an angle with respect to the roof to provide toehold. This system suffers from many of the same drawbacks associated with using a single 2×4, including the necessity of driving nails through the bracket to secure the bracket to the roof. Several more complicated platform systems are also known in the art, including those described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,785,606; 5,908,083; and 5,624,006. These systems all provide good working surfaces, but are complicated and clumsy for use on a roof. Variations on the platform based systems are mobile platforms that can be attached to a worker&#39;s feet such as the platform described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,726,028 and UK Patent No. 2,131,475. Systems such as these are also cumbersome to use on a roof. What is needed is a light weight, easy to use system that provides a toehold/slide guard for a worker that will allow the worker to kneel on the roof in order to perform tasks such as installing shingles.  
         SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION  
         [0008]    The present invention overcomes to a great extent the deficiencies found in the prior art discussed above by providing a step system comprising a number of spaced apart steps attached to a connecting material, wherein the steps are spaced sufficiently far apart to allow an adult to kneel between neighboring steps. In preferred embodiments, the connecting material is a light weight nylon and the steps are formed from high strength, light weight plastic. Highly preferred embodiments of the present invention employ a woven nylon material, approximately 900-1,000 denier. This type of fabric has been found to exhibit exceptional traction when used on asphalt shingles. The material is preferably solid. Besides providing traction on the roof surface, the use of a “solid” material also protects the roof both from dirt and other debris and from worker&#39;s shoe which tends to dislodge the granular material found on many asphalt shingles. The connecting material may be provided with a number of grommets, suitable for attaching the connecting material to the roof. In preferred embodiments of the invention, the step system is of sufficient length such that it can be draped over the entire roof and secured in sections to the roof. In preferred embodiments, the step includes a handle, which may also be used to secure a life line to the step. Preferably, the steps are separated by approximately 20 inches to approximately 36 inches, which is generally sufficient to provide room for a worker to kneel using one step as a toehold/slide guard. The step system may be any width, but as preferably between approximately 18 inches to approximately 50 inches wide, which is generally sufficiently wide to provide a toehold for both of a worker&#39;s feet. 
       
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS  
       [0009]    A more complete appreciation of the invention and many of the attendant features and advantages thereof will be readily obtained as the same becomes better understood by reference to the following detailed description when considered in connection the accompanying drawings, wherein:  
         [0010]    [0010]FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a roof step system according to the present invention in use on a roof.  
         [0011]    [0011]FIG. 2 is a bottom view of the roof step system of FIG. 1.  
         [0012]    [0012]FIG. 3 is a top view of the roof step system of FIG. 1.  
         [0013]    [0013]FIG. 4 is an enlarged top view of a portion of the roof step system of FIG. 1.  
         [0014]    [0014]FIG. 5 is a front view of the roof step system of FIG. 1.  
         [0015]    [0015]FIG. 6 is a side view of the roof step system of FIG. 1.  
         [0016]    [0016]FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a preferred embodiment of the roof step according to the present invention.  
         [0017]    [0017]FIG. 7A is a perspective view of a functional application of the preferred embodiment shown in FIG. 7.  
         [0018]    [0018]FIG. 8 is a perspective view of another preferred embodiment of the roof step according to the present invention.  
         [0019]    [0019]FIG. 9 is a perspective view of yet another preferred embodiment of the roof step according to the present invention. 
     
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS  
       [0020]    Referring now to the drawings wherein like reference numerals designate identical or corresponding parts throughout the several views, a perspective view of a roof step system  100  installed on the roof  10  of a building  20  is shown in FIG. 1. A worker  30  is using the roof step system  100  to install shingles  12 . As shown in FIG. 1, the roof step system  100  extends over the peak of the roof  10 . The roof step system may be attached to the other side of the roof before the shingles are attached to that side, or may extend entirely over the other side of the roof and be attached at a place on the house, thereby avoiding the necessity of creating holes in the roof  10  sheathing. The spacing between successive steps  130  on the roof system  100  allows the worker  30  to kneel between successive steps  130 . The step system  100  also protects installed shingles  12  from being scuffed and dirtied by the worker&#39;s feet.  
         [0021]    [0021]FIG. 2 is a bottom view of the roof step system  100 . FIG. 2 illustrates the connecting material  110 . The connecting material  110  may be any material that is sufficiently strong to connect the step. In preferred embodiments, the material  110  is solid, or closed (as used herein, a solid or closed material is a material of a sufficiently dense weave such that dirt and other debris is prevented from passing through the material  110 ). However, other types of material may also be used. These other types of material may include open nets or meshes. It is also possible to use two thin strips of material spaced apart such that the strips of material are attached to opposite ends of a step  100 . In a highly preferred embodiment of the present invention, the connecting material is made from a heavy gauge (900 to 1,000 denier) nylon pack cloth. This material has been found to exhibit excellent traction on commonly used asphalt roof shingles. As can be seen with reference to FIG. 3, in an even more highly preferred embodiment of the invention, the fabric  110  is reenforced by thin nylon strips  120 , comprised of a 2 inch wide 6000 lb. break strength nylon/seat belt webbing for added strength.  
         [0022]    Still referring to FIG. 3, a distance D separates the toehold  134  of one step  130  from the start of a successive step  130 . The distance D is chosen to allow a worker to kneel between successive steps  130 . Preferably, the distance D is between approximately 20 inches and approximately 36 inches.  
         [0023]    Referring now to FIG. 4, it can be seen that the reenforcing strips  120  include grommets  140 . The grommets are used to secure the step system  100  to a nail, screw, or other object. Experience has shown that in many situations, a single grommet  140  on each side of the top of the step system  100  is sufficient to secure the step system  100 . This is partially due to the excellent traction provided by the connecting material  110 . However, a plurality of grommets  140  are provided to allow multiple screws or nails to be used to secure the step system  100  to the roof for the sake of safety; especially when the step system  100  is used on an uncovered plywood roof. The multiple grommets  140  also allow the roof step system  100  to be attached to a roof at a number of different points.  
         [0024]    The step  130  is attached to the connecting material  110  by 6000 pounds of nylon seat belt webbing  120 . In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, two slots  138  per side are used to attach the step  130  to the connecting material  110  through the reenforcing strip  120 . Any number of fasteners other than nylon seat belt webbing  138  could be used to secure the step  130  to the connecting material  110 , but nylon seat belt webbing is preferred because the nylon webbing  120  has low profile on the opposite side of the material  110 .  
         [0025]    The step  130  includes a base  132  having a width W. The width W is chosen to prevent the step  130  from tipping over when used as a toehold/slide guard. In preferred embodiments, the width W is approximately 8 inches. The width W of the connecting material is approximately 10 inches to approximately 30 inches wide. More preferably still, the step  134  may be comprised of an textured plastic, which has been shown to provide surprisingly good traction, especially when sneakers are worn.  
         [0026]    Referring now to FIG. 5, it can be seen that the step  130  includes a toehold  134  of a height H. In preferred embodiments, the height H is equal to approximately 4 inches. Greater heights H are also possible, but the use of greater heights would require an increase in the width W of the base  132  of the step  130 . Also shown in FIG. 5 is a handle  136 , which is formed by removing portions of the toehold  134 . The handle  136  provides a convenient surface for a worker to grab. The handle  136  may also be used to provide a point at which a life line could be attached to the step system  100 . Such a life line is intended to be a short, e.g., 6 foot, life line. A short life line such as this prevents the step system  100  from being exposed to excessive force in the event that a worker should lose his footing. Another advantage of a short life line is convenience of use.  
         [0027]    The step  130  is preferably comprised of a high strength, light weight plastic. Of course, other materials could also be used. For example, steps comprised of aluminum, steel and/or vulcanized rubber are also possible. It should also be noted that it is possible to use the solid nylon seat belt webbing 6000 pounds connecting material  110  without steps  130 . Used in this manner, the connecting material  110  provides good traction while keeping the roof  10  clean.  
         [0028]    As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the toehold  134  is solid other than the cutout for the handle  136 . One advantage to this arrangement is that the toehold  134  can be used by a worker  30  as a tool rest as shown in FIG. 1.  
         [0029]    Further as shown in FIG. 7, in a preferred embodiment of the step  130 , the base  132  includes keyhole-shaped sleeves  142  that are designed to permit passage of a nail, screw, or other fastener (not shown), in order to secure the step  130  to the roof surface. The keyhole shape allows the step  130  to be removed from the fastener without having to remove and reinstall the fastener, or without having to remove the fastener and patch or repair the hole left by the removed fastener. Furthermore, the keyhole-shaped sleeve  142  permits step  130  when installed to be anchored in place by sliding the step  130  so that the fastener passes through the narrow portion of keyhole-shaped sleeve  142 . In the example shown in FIG. 7, it is anticipated that 1.5 inch #10 Phillips head screws will be used, and upon removal of the step  130 , the screws are simply countersunk into the roofing material to maintain an impervious surface.  
         [0030]    A further advantage to the preferred embodiment shown in FIG. 7 is that individual roof steps may be placed in irregular patterns as conditions require. As shown in FIG. 7A, at the discretion of the user, connecting material  110  may be used between individually placed steps  130 .  
         [0031]    [0031]FIG. 8 displays another preferred embodiment of the step  130 , wherein the step is especially suitable for use on vertical or steeply pitched planes. In the preferred embodiment shown in FIG. 8, toehold  134  has non-skid surface  144  which permits the user to maintain stable footing while working on the vertical or steeply pitched plane. In the preferred embodiment shown in FIG. 8, the non-skid surface  144  is provided through a pattern of molded knurls, but the non-skid surface can also be provided through the use of applique, sand paint, or other techniques familiar to persons of ordinary skill in the art. Keyhole-shaped sleeves  142  are preferably placed relatively close to toehold  134 , to minimize the stress on the fasteners (not shown) that are used to attach step  130  to the roof or steeply pitched plane.  
         [0032]    Turning to FIG. 9, a further preferred embodiment of the step  130  is shown, wherein the overall length of the step is increased, to permit extensive lateral movement by the user. The preferred embodiment shown includes multiple keyhole-shaped sleeves  142 , preferably placed at construction industry-relevant standardized intervals such as 16 inches and 24 inches. The embodiment depicted in FIG. 9 further includes non-skid surface  144 , and one edge of step  130  includes ruler demarcations  146  to indicate length from any point along step  130 . Multiple cutouts for handholds  136  permit one or more users conveniently and safely to carry the preferred embodiment shown. As shown in FIG. 9, it is anticipated that the preferred embodiment of the step will be formed from 14 gauge cold-rolled or cold-drawn steel, but any material of sufficient strength, resilience, resistance to corrosion and other desirable properties, which will be obvious to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art, may be used.  
         [0033]    While the invention has been described in detail in connection with the preferred embodiments known at this time, it should be readily understood that the invention is not limited to such disclosed embodiments. Rather, the invention can be modified to incorporate any number of variations, alterations, substitutions or equivalent arrangements not heretofore described but which are commensurate with the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, the invention is not to be seen as limited by the foregoing description, but is only limited by the scope of the appended claims.