Abstract:
A rear loaded and unloaded wheelchair and method for transferring a patient between a bed and a wheelchair through the rear of the wheelchair. The wheelchair includes a wheeled main frame, a sub-frame rearwardly extensible relative to the main frame to a position overlying the bed. The sub-frame is vertical moveable on the main frame to raise and lower the sub-frame to a position adjacent the bed and a position removed from the bed. A patient supporting chair is rotatably mounted on the sub-frame for rolling movement between a forward position and a rearward position adjacent the bed cantileverly supported on the main frame via the sub-frame. The chair includes a frame having laterally spaced apart rails and upstanding back rails. The side seat rails detachably mount a seat on which a person will sit while seated on a bed. The back support is moveably mounted on the back frame members between a lowered back supporting position and a raised position overlying a patient seated on a bed allowing the seat frame to be moved to a position rearwardly of the patient sitting on the bed. Transferring a patient from the wheelchair to the bed is accomplished by reversing the above procedure.

Description:
This is a divisional of copending application Ser. No. 08/304,777 filed on Sep. 12, 1994. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     1. Field of the Invention 
     This invention relates to a wheelchair and method of rear loading a wheelchair and more particularly to a rear loaded and unloaded wheelchair which can transfer, without manually lifting, a bedridden patient to and from a wheelchair. 
     2. Description of the Prior Art and Objects 
     A wheelchair typically includes a wheeled frame on which a chair is provided with a back rest, a seat, and adjustable leg rests. The chair frame is mounted on wheels which can be locked to prevent movement during transfer of a patient to and from the wheelchair. Unfortunately, many patients are unable to self-transfer and thus require an attendant. Sometimes an attendant is not always available and if available, such an attendant is normally quite expensive. Moreover, the attendants frequently injure their spines by lifting such patients between the wheelchair and the bed. 
     The inability to self transfer often is the cause of a person being unable to receive attendant care in a home setting by a family member. Such patients are generally forced to live in a nursing home to obtain appropriate attendant care. Such nursing home care is relatively expensive. Many individuals are psychologically adversely affected in a nursing home and would be much happier if cared for by a family member in their own home. Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a new and novel wheelchair which will eliminate the necessity of manually lifting a person being transferred to and from a wheelchair. 
     It is another object of the present invention to provide a new and novel wheelchair which includes a backloading mechanism on a main frame for forwardly moving a seat, and a person thereon, forwardly from a bed relative to the main frame through the rear end of the main frame to be supported thereon without the need of an attendant manually lifting the person. 
     The loading of a patient to a wheelchair has heretofore been accomplished by manually lifting a person to his feet, rotating the person 90° and then lowering the person into the wheelchair. It is yet another object of the present invention to provide a wheelchair which includes mechanism for loading and unloading a person through a rear opening in the wheelchair. 
     It is still another object of the present invention to provide a new and novel rear loaded wheelchair which will minimize injuries to an attendant transferring patients to and from wheelchairs. 
     It is a further object of the present invention to provide a new and novel wheelchair which can be loaded and unloaded by a relatively unskilled individual. 
     It is another object of the present invention to provide a rear loaded and unloaded wheelchair which includes a main frame and a sub-frame extensible rearwardly outwardly beyond the main frame to a position adjacent a bed. 
     It is yet another object of the present invention to provide a rear loaded and unloaded wheelchair of the type described including a seat mounted for rolling movement on an extensible and contractible track which extends rearwardly of the main wheel chair frame. 
     A still further object of the present invention is to provide a rear loaded and unloaded wheelchair of the type described including a wheelchair frame having side rails mounting a body support member therebetween for movement between a position supported by the frame and a removed position in which a person seated on a bed can pass therebetween. 
     Another object of the present invention is to provide a rear loaded and unloaded wheelchair of the type described which includes a main frame, a sub-frame mounted on the main frame for vertical movement, a chair supporting track mounted on the sub-frame for extensible and retractable movement between a forward position and a rearwardly extended position, a chair frame mounted on the track for movement thereon between a forward frame supported position and a rearward, cantileverly supported transfer position, and a seat detachably mounted on the chair frame for transferring a patient supported, in a seated position, by the seat to and from a bed, couch, automobile seat, etc. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 4,737,997 issued to Philip Lamson on Apr. 19, 1988, illustrates one prior art wheelchair having a wheeled frame that is coupled to a bed supported seat but there is no disclosure or suggestion in this patent of moving the chair forwardly or upwardly relative to the wheeled frame through an opening in the wheeled frame to a safe transport position overlying the wheeled frame. This prior patent does not disclose the concept of tracks which are extensible rearwardly from a main frame and rollingly support a chair frame for movement thereon between a forward, transport position and a rearward, cantileverly supported position. 
     It is another object of the present invention to provide a wheelchair provided with a wheelchair frame having a back support that is moveable upwardly on the back support frame thus allowing the wheelchair frame to pass over the head and to the rear of a person seated on a bed. 
     Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a rear-loaded wheelchair of the type described including new and novel pulley and cable drive mechanism for vertically moving a chair and chair support frame on a main frame. 
     Still another object of the present invention is to provide a wheelchair of the type described including a new and novel vertical transfer system which is sufficiently durable to raise and lower the sub-frame but which includes compacting features that permit the wheelchair to roll through a standard 30 inch door opening. 
     It is a further object of the present invention to provide a wheelchair of the type described which includes a mechanism for raising and lowering a wheelchair sub-frame which is sufficient internally in width to allow a person to sit comfortably thereon but sufficiently externally narrow to permit the wheelchair to roll through a standard 30 inch door opening. 
     It is still a further object of the present invention to provide a wheelchair of the type described which includes a new and novel cable and pulley lift structure that includes cables with terminal ends which are vertically staggered and coupled to a lift pulley. 
     Other objects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art as the description thereof proceeds. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     Rear loading and unloading method and apparatus for transferring a person between a bed and a wheeled frame having front and rear ends adapted to traverse a support surface comprising: a main frame assembly having a front end, a rear end, and mechanism for transitional movement over a support surface; a seat configured and maneuverable to support a person in a forwardly facing direction on a bed with the person&#39;s legs over hanging the side of a bed; mechanism for back loading the seat and any person supported on the seat, through the rear end of the main frame assembly to be supported by the main frame assembly for movement therewith including a seat frame; mechanism for detachably coupling the seat to the seat frame to be carried therewith, a secondary frame assembly for supporting the seat frame on the main frame assembly for forward and rearward movement between a rearward transfer position, rearward of the main frame and adjacent the seat on the bed, and a forward transport position; the secondary frame assembly being extensible and contractible on the main frame between a rearwardly disposed position, relative to the main frame assembly to cantileverly support the seat rearward of the main frame assembly, and a forward position. 
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     The invention may be more readily understood by referring to the accompanying drawings, in which: 
     FIG. 1 is a rear perspective view of a rear loaded and unloaded wheelchair constructed according to the present invention; 
     FIG. 2 is a side elevational view thereof with the moveable chair being illustrated on the frame in a forward rest position; 
     FIG. 3 is a side elevational view similar to FIG. 2 illustrating the chair in a rear, patient transfer position, an adjusted lowered position of the chair being illustrated in chain lines; 
     FIG. 4 is a rear perspective view of the wheelchair frame and sub-frame only, with the chair assembly being removed for purposes of clarity; 
     FIG. 5 is a rear perspective view, similar to FIG. 4, illustrating a chair supporting track assemblies and stabilizing members in an extended patient transfer position rearward of the main frame; 
     FIG. 6 is a rear perspective view illustrating only the patient chair which is rollingly supported on the frame assembly illustrated in FIGS. 4 and 5, the rests for the seat clamps being omitted for purposes of clarity; 
     FIG. 7 is a rear perspective view of the rolling chair similar to FIG. 6 but illustrating a cloth seat removed and the back support disposed in an adjusted raised position; 
     FIG. 8 is an enlarged side elevational view of the rear pulley construction illustrated in the chain line rectangle 8--8 of FIG. 2; 
     FIG. 9 is a rear sectional view taken along the line 9--9 of FIG. 8; 
     FIG. 10 is a top plan view of the rear pulley taken along the line 10--10 of FIG. 8; 
     FIG. 11 is an enlarged side elevational view of the apparatus illustrated in the chain line rectangle 11--11 of FIG. 2; 
     FIG. 12 is a rear sectional view taken along the line 12--12 of FIG. 11; 
     FIG. 13 is a front sectional view taken along the line 13--13 of FIG. 2; 
     FIG. 14 is an enlarged side elevational view of the front guide block illustrated in the chain line circle 14--14 of FIG. 2, more particularly illustrating the adjustable sub-frame and track assembly and the construction for guiding the vertical movement thereof on the main frame; 
     FIG. 15 is a rear sectional view taken along the line 15--15 of FIG. 14; 
     FIG. 16 is a sectional plan view taken along the line 16--16 of FIG. 14; 
     FIG. 17 is an enlarged side elevational view more particularly illustrating the track assembly only in a retracted position; 
     FIG. 18 is a view similar to FIG. 17 but illustrating the track assembly in a rearwardly extended transfer position, part of the front tubular track being broken away to more particularly illustrate the internal portions thereof; 
     FIG. 19 is an enlarged side elevational view similar to FIG. 11, but illustrating the rear of the rolling chair only and the construction for clamping the cloth seat, part of the chair side rail being broken away to more particularly illustrate the seat wedge; 
     FIG. 20 is a rear elevational view of the apparatus illustrated in FIG. 19; 
     FIG. 21 is a top plan sectional view taken along the line 21--21 of FIG. 19; 
     FIG. 22 is a front sectional rear view taken along the line 22--22 of FIG. 19; 
     FIG. 23 is an enlarged side elevational view of the front pulley illustrated in the chain line circle 23--23 of FIG. 2, parts of the pulley being broken away to more particularly illustrate the anchor structure for coupling the cables to the pulley; 
     FIG. 24 is a &#34;rolled out&#34; end view more particularly illustrating the structure for coupling the lift cables to the front pulley illustrated in FIG. 23 taken along the line 24--24 of FIG. 23; 
     FIG. 25 is a sectional end view taken along the line 25--25 of FIG. 23; 
     FIGS. 26-32 illustrate sequential steps in the transfer of a patient from a bed through the rear of a wheelchair to be supported thereon for transport and more particularly; 
     FIG. 26 is a rear perspective view illustrating a rear loaded and unloaded wheelchair constructed according to the present invention disposed adjacent a patient&#39;s bed; 
     FIG. 27 is a view similar to FIG. 26 illustrating a subsequent step in the transfer of a patient and illustrates the cloth seat of the chair removed and placed on the bed with a person being rolled to a position on the cloth seat on the bed and the cloth back support being moved to an adjusted raised position; 
     FIG. 28 is a similar rear perspective view illustrating a subsequent step in the transfer and more particularly illustrates the adjustable track assembly rearwardly extended to a transfer position and stabilizers being rearwardly extended; 
     FIG. 29 is a similar rear perspective view illustrating a subsequent step in the transfer wherein the wheelchair, constructed according to the present invention, is moved more nearly adjacent the bed so that the stabilizing bars are disposed beneath the bed and the extended portion of the adjustable track assembly is astride the patient&#39;s thighs; 
     FIG. 30 is a similar rear perspective view of a rear loaded and unloaded wheelchair in a subsequent step in the transfer sequence and more particularly illustrates the rolling chair in a rearward, cantileverly supported transfer position on the extended track; 
     FIG. 31 is a similar rear perspective view of a rear loaded and unloaded wheelchair constructed according to the present invention and more particularly illustrates a subsequent step in the transfer sequence with the chair being lowered to a position adjacent the upper side of the bed, the cloth seat being clamped to the lowered seat frame, and the cloth back support being lowered and clamped in a back supporting position; 
     FIG. 31A is a similar rear perspective view illustrating a subsequent step in the transfer sequence and more particularly illustrates the tracks, chair, and a patient having been lifted upwardly and above the bed; and 
     FIG. 32 is a similar rear perspective view illustrating a subsequent step in the sequence and more particularly illustrates a patient having been moved forwardly away from the bed to a rest position sitting in the wheelchair with the track assembly and with stabilizing bars retracted. 
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT 
     Frame 
     A rear loaded and unloaded wheelchair, generally designated 30, is particularly adapted for use in transferring a bed ridden patient, generally designated 32 (FIG. 27), to and from a bed, generally designated 34. The wheelchair 30 includes a main frame, generally designated 36, mounted on wheels, generally designated 38, for rolling movement along a support surface, generally designated 37 (FIG. 3). The wheelchair 30 also includes a chair, generally designated 40, mounted for rolling movement on the frame 36 for movement between a forward, rest or transport position, illustrated in FIG. 2, and a rearward, patient transfer position illustrated in FIG. 3. 
     The main frame 36 includes a pair of lower, laterally spaced apart lower frame bars 42 and 43 mounted on pairs of front and rear wheel caster assemblies 38a and 38b, respectively. The frame 36 includes front and rear pairs of upstanding frame bars 44 and 45, respectively, projecting upwardly from the front and rear ends, respectively, of the frame bars 42 and 43. Frame bars 42 and 43 are spanned by a horizontal platform, generally designated 41, which rigidifies the frame and provides a foot rest for the patient 32. Welded or otherwise suitably fixed to the upper ends of the upstanding posts 44 and 45, are L-shaped pulley mounts 46 spanned by laterally spaced apart, longitudinally extending upper side frame bars 47 and 48 defining a rearwardly U-shaped opening, patient receiving slot S therebetween for receiving a patient 32 as the patient is moved forwardly through the rear end of the main frame 36. 
     Mounted for vertical movement on the main frame assembly 36 is a sub-frame assembly, generally designated 49, (FIG. 4) including a vertically adjustable track assembly, generally designated 50. The sub-frame 49 includes laterally spaced apart, front and rear, pairs of front and rear, vertical guide blocks 51 and 52, respectively, each having a forked guide portion 53 defining a forwardly opening guide slot 54 which slidably receives one of the vertical guide posts or tracks 44, 45 for vertical sliding movement thereon. Upper and lower guide wheels 55 and 56 (FIG. 14) are journaled on upper and lower horizontal shafts 57 and 58, respectively, spanning the associated fork guide portion 53 so as to be received in the forwardly opening slots 54 in rolling engagement with the front edge 57a of each bar 44, 45. The rollers 55 and 56 also function to capture the guide blocks 51 and 52 on the vertical guide tracks 44 and 45. 
     A pair of upper and lower rear guide block rollers 58a and 59a are journaled on upper and lower horizontal shafts 60 and 61, respectively, disposed in openings 62 (FIG. 14) provided in the guide blocks 51 and 52 at the rear of each slot 54. The rollers 58a and 59a also function to capture the guide blocks 51 and 52 for rolling movement on the vertical guide tracks 44 and 45. 
     To further aid vertical movement and prevent the guide blocks 51, 52 from binding on the guide tracks 44, 45, a pair of laterally outer guide rollers 64 are journaled on horizontal shaft 65 disposed in laterally outwardly opening apertures 66 provided in the forked guide portion 53 (FIGS. 14 and 15). 
     To further preclude undesired lateral canting of the guide blocks 51, 52, additional, laterally inner guide rollers 67 (FIG. 15) are journaled on horizontal shaft 68 on the guide blocks 51, 52 along the laterally inner edge surfaces 69 of the guide posts or tracks 44, 45. The rollers 55, 56, 58a, 59a, 64 and 67 (FIGS. 14-16) each have a low coefficient of friction which avoids the cone of friction phenomenon and clearly provide free rolling, vertical guiding movement of the blocks 51 and 52 and track 50 on posts 44 and 45. The laterally inner portion 70 of each guide block 51, 52, includes an upwardly opening track receiving slot 71 which receives the track assembly, generally designated 50. The sub-frame 49 and track assembly 50 are vertically moveable on the vertical guide tracks 44 and 45 by apparatus to be described more particularly hereinafter. 
     Chair Track 
     Each track assembly 50 includes an outer, forward rectangular tubular track or bar 72 and an inner, rearward, tubular rear track or bar 73 slidably received in the forward tubular track 72 for movement between the forward rest position, illustrated in FIG. 2, and the rear, cantileverly supported transfer position illustrated in FIG. 3. The forward tubular track 72 is received in the guide block slots 71 (FIG. 15) and secured thereon via retainer blocks 74 received in the slots 71, and fixed to the front guide blocks 51, via screws or bolts or the like (not shown). 
     The forward end of the forward tubular track 72 is closed by an end plate 76 (FIG. 18) having an aperture 77 therein receiving a stop rod 78 which is fixed to front and rear sides of the end plate 76 via nuts 79 threaded thereon. The front end 80 of the rear tubular track 73 is also closed by a front end plate 81 and includes an opening 82 slidably receiving the rear end of stop rod 78. A rear stop nut 83 is threaded on the rear end of the stop rod 78 for bearing against the plate 81 of the rear inner track 73 to limit the relative rearward movement of the rear inner track 73 relative to the forward outer track 72. The rearward tubular track bar 73 also includes integral, upwardly extending stop flanges 84, to stop the rolling movement of the chair 40 off the rear end of the rear track 73. 
     The Chair 
     Referring now more particularly to FIGS. 6, 7, 11-13, and 20-22, the chair 40 includes a chair frame, generally designated 86, including upper and lower U-shaped, horizontally disposed, frame bars 87 and 88 held in vertically spaced apart relation by front spacer frame bars 89 and intermediate, U-shaped spacer frame bars 90 (FIG. 7). The laterally spaced apart legs 88a of the lower, rearwardly opening, U-shaped chair frame bar 88 each includes an upwardly and laterally outwardly vertically inclined slot 91 for receiving a lateral edge portion 92 of a cloth seat, generally designated 93 (FIGS. 13 and 22). 
     The lateral seat edges 92 are held in the chair slot 91 via a pair of laterally spaced, plate wedges, generally designated 94, having a longitudinally extending lower plate portion 95 which is received in the slot 91 to sandwich each lateral seat edge 92 in the position illustrated in FIGS. 13, 19 and 22. The wedge 94 also includes an integral, laterally outwardly displaced, upper hand gripping portion 96, as illustrated. The slots 91 are angled upwardly outwardly (FIGS. 13 and 22) so that when the person 32 sits on the seat to exert a downward force thereon, the corresponding and opposite upward force exerted by the lateral seat portions 92 on the wedge 94 will be absorbed by the laterally inwardly adjacent portion 97 of the rails 88a. 
     The chair side rails 102a also include upstanding rests 98 having a longitudinal groove 99 for receiving the lower wedge portion 95 (as illustrated in chain lines at FIG. 13) when the wedge 94 is removed to release the seat edges 92 from the position illustrated in solid lines in FIG. 13. 
     The chair frame 86 also includes a downwardly opening U-shaped back rest frame bar, generally designated 100, having lower ends 101 fixed to lower terminal blocks 102 which, in turn, are fixed to the rear ends of the laterally outer sides of lower, side frame bars 88a. It should be noted, as illustrated in FIG. 7, for example, that the U-shaped frame bars 100 are slightly vertically inclined. 
     The lower frame blocks 102 each have an inverted L-shape and each is provided with a rear, lower roller 103 for riding on the upper surface 73a of rear track 73 when the seat is in the rearward transferred position, illustrated in FIG. 3. 
     The mounting block 102 also mounting an upper, forwardly disposed roller 104 (FIG. 11) journaled on a block supported shaft 105 which is slightly forward and above the roller 103 and bears against and is supported by the upwardly forwardly inclined surface or ramp 75 (FIG. 18) at the rear end of the upper front track surface 72a. 
     The upper, forward chair rollers 104 will bear against the ramp surface 105 to raise the wheels 103 from a position supported by the rear track surfaces 73 so that the entire chair 40 is supported by the front rails 72 only when the chair 40 is in the forward position illustrated in FIGS. 2 and 11. This now permits free extension and retraction of track 73 inside track 72. 
     Also provided for mounting the chair 40 for rolling movement on the track 72 is the downwardly opening, U-shaped frame bar 90 (FIG. 7) having an upper portion 106, spanning the legs 87a of the upper U-shaped frame bar 87, and a pair of downwardly inclined laterally spaced apart vertical legs 106b terminating in inverted L-shaped roller mounting terminal portions 107 which are fixed to the laterally outer sides of the legs 88a of the lower bar 88. Roller wheels 108 are journaled on the blocks 107 via shafts fixed to the laterally outer side of mounting portions 107. 
     The back frame 100 (FIG. 6) has legs 100a depending from an upper cross bar 100b. A back support cloth, generally designated 109, is mounted on the frame 100 and includes a vertical sheet 110 having a plurality of perimetrically spaced eyelets 111 which receive ties 112 which slidingly receive the legs 100a of the frame 100. The upper edge 113 of the sheet 110 is folded back on itself to form a loop which receives the bar 100b. The lower end 114 of the sheet 110 includes a plurality of eyelets 111 and 111a and ties 112a which are looped around a tie down bar 115 which is detachably received and locked in rearwardly opening openings 116 (FIG. 7) provided on blocks 102a fixed to the inner sides of frame mounting blocks 102. The bar 115 can be moved downwardly to stretch the sheet 110 taut on the frame 100. If the bar 115 is removed from the slots 116, the entire sheet 110 may be moved upwardly with the side frame ties 112 sliding on the bar legs 100a to upwardly move the sheet 110 from the back supporting position illustrated in FIG. 6 to the raised position illustrated in FIG. 7. Mounted atop the top cross bar 100b are a pair of clips, generally designated 116a, for mounting the bar 115 in the raised position illustrated in FIG. 7. 
     As illustrated in FIG. 19, the wedge members 94 include a rearward portion 85 which is received beneath a pin P provided on a plate 102A fixed to the laterally inner side of mounting block 102 (FIGS. 12 and 20) to preclude upward movement of the wedge member 94 once it has trapped the cloth seat in the seating position. 
     Drive Apparatus 
     Apparatus, generally designated 117 (FIGS. 4 and 5), is provided for vertically moving the sub-frame 49 and track assembly 50 between the raised positions, illustrated in solid lines in FIG. 3, and the lower transfer position illustrated in chain lines in FIG. 3 and includes a forward drive shaft, generally designated 120, journaled in the forward L-shaped pulley mounts 46 and coupled to a drive motor, schematically designated 119 via a drive gear 121. The drive motor may suitably comprise a DC motor driven by a DC battery (not shown). 
     Mounted on the laterally outer terminal ends of the drive shaft 120 is a pair of drive pulleys 122 having a plurality of laterally spaced apart annular grooves 124 (FIGS. 23 and 24) for receiving a plurality of individual drive cables 126 which have terminal ends 127 that are longitudinally staggered, as illustrated in FIGS. 23 and 24, and are fixed to enlarged steel cylinders 128 which are received in enlarged openings 129 provided in the peripheral surface of the pulley 122. Alternate ones 127a of the cables are coupled to alternate terminal blocks 128a which are received in circumferentially spaced enlarged grooves 129a. The steel cylinders 129 are attached to cables 126 at the ends 127 and 127a and are assembled into circular slots 129 and 129a milled into the cable grooves. As the pulleys 122 rotate in the counter clockwise direction, represented by the arrows 140, the cables will be moved rearwardly to the left as illustrated in FIG. 23. The terminal ends of the cables are circumferentially staggered in order to minimize the width of the pulleys 122 and 130 which would otherwise be required if the steel cylinders 129 and 129a were side-by-side. The staggered cable design allows the drive pulleys 122 to be rotated 300 degrees about the axis of shaft 120 before the cable ends 129a collide with the straight run of the cables. The size of the cable is predicated upon the degree of vertical travel for the sub-frame 49. For a 20 inch vertical travel, for example, required by the sub-frame 49 and chair 40 mounted thereon, the pulley diameter is calculated according to the following formula: 
     Pulley 122 diameter=vertical travel×360° divided by (3.1416×300°). 
     The horizontal runs 141 of the drive cables 126 are trained around pulleys 130 (FIG. 9) having groove spacing which is identical to the drive pulleys 122 and are mounted on idler pulley stub shafts 131 fixed to the rear pair of L-shaped pulley mounts 46. 
     The lower terminal ends 132 (FIG. 1) of the cables 126 are fixed to the rear top portions 133 of the rear vertical guide blocks 52. 
     Due to the pulley construction, the chair can be constructed to provide a 20 inch wide seat area but yet allow the seat to go through a 30 inch door opening. 
     The structure is such that the rolling chair 40 can be moved from a level of approximately 10 inches from the floor 37 to a raised position illustrated in solid lines in FIG. 3 which is 27 inches off the floor. By utilizing four smaller cables instead of one large cable, the thick cable increases the stress and thus shortens the life of the cable. With smaller diameter cables and large pulley diameters, the cable fatigue life is exponentially increased. 
     Stabilizing Apparatus 
     Stabilizing apparatus, generally designated 134, FIG. 3 is provided and includes a forward hollow longitudinally extending, rectangular cylindrical guide 135 mounted between the wheel assemblies 38a or 38b and the frame bars 42 and 43 via brackets 136. The tubes 135 are mounted on mounting brackets 136 sandwiched between the lower side rails 42, 43 and the wheel assemblies 38. 
     A rear stabilizing bar 137 is slidably mounted within each forward hollow tubes 135 for sliding movement between the forward position, illustrated in FIG. 2, and the rearward stabilizing positions, illustrated in FIG. 3. A safety ball 138 depends from the rear end 139 of the bar 137 for bearing against the surface 37 to be traversed. When the patient 32 sits on the chair in the cantileverly supported transfer position, illustrated in FIG. 3, the downward force exerted on the frame will tend to tip the frame counter clockwise; as viewed in FIG. 3, about the wheels 38b. The safety supports and stabilizing bars 137 will preclude the frame 36 from tipping about the rear wheels 38b. 
     The Operation 
     Referring now more particularly to FIGS. 26-31, initially, the wheelchair 30 will be configured and positioned as illustrated in FIGS. 1, 3 and 25, adjacent a patient&#39;s bed 34. As illustrated, the cloth seat 93 spans the frame bars 88 and held thereto via wedges 94 and the back rest cloth 110 is in the lowered back rest position. 
     The wedges 94 are then moved upwardly out of the chair frame slots 91 to release the lateral cloth seat edges 92 and stowed in the positions illustrated in chain lines in FIG. 13. The cloth seat 93 is then transferred to a position on the bed as illustrated in FIG. 27. The patient 32 will then be rolled and maneuvered upwardly from a prone or rest position, illustrated in FIG. 26, to a sitting position on the top 93a of the cloth seat which rests on the bed 34 (FIG. 27). The patient 32 is then sitting in an upright position with his legs 32a along side the bed in a forwardly facing position facing the rear of the main frame 36. 
     The cloth back support 110 is also then moved to the raised position at the top of the chair frame 100 (FIG. 27) and the back support tie down bar 115 is mounted on the storage clips 116a at the top cross bar 100b. 
     Referring now more particularly to FIG. 28, the stabilizing safety bars 137 are then extended rearwardly outwardly relative to the main frame 36 to the stabilizing positions illustrated in FIG. 28. The rear, chair supporting tracks 73 are then extended outwardly to the cantileverly supported rearward transfer positions illustrated in FIG. 28. 
     The entire wheelchair 40 is thence moved rearwardly toward the bed 34 so that the stabilizing bars 137 pass beneath the bed 34 and a person 32 seated on the bed and the extended track members 73 are disposed above the bed on opposite sides of a person 32 seated on the bed (FIG. 29). 
     Referring now more particularly to FIG. 30, the chair 40 is thence rolled rearwardly on the chair supporting track members 73 to the patient transfer position illustrated until it comes to rest against the rear track stops 84 and the back frame 100 and cloth back 110 are disposed rearwardly of the back 32b of a person 32 seated on the bed 34. As illustrated, the frame 100 is constructed such that the top back frame bar 100b and cloth back support 110 have been positioned sufficiently high so that a patient&#39;s head 32h can pass beneath the elevated back support 110. 
     Referring now particularly to FIG. 31, the motor 119 (FIG. 4) is then operated to drive the drive pulleys 122, cables 126 to lower the sub-frame 49, and track assembly 50 supported thereon, to a position in which the rear tracks 73 are adjacent to or resting on the upper surface of the bed 34. The tracks 73 are then astride the thighs 32t of a person 32 seated on the bed, as illustrated in FIG. 31. The back support tie down bar 115 will then be removed from the clips 116a and moved downwardly to be received by the slots 116. The cloth back support 10 moves downwardly with bar 115 to the back supporting position illustrated in FIG. 31 wherein the back support 110 is taut on the frame 100. 
     The lateral seat edges 92 are then clamped into the slots 91 on the chair frame via the clamp bars for wedges 94 to secure the cloth seats 93 to the rolling chair frame. 
     The motor 119 is then reversely operated to drive the gear 121 and shaft 120 to raise the sub-frame 49 and track assembly 50 and chair 40 and person 32 supported thereon to a position removed from the bed to the position illustrated in FIG. 31A. 
     Referring now more particularly to FIG. 32, the rolling chair 40 with the patient 32 thereon is then forwardly moved. The rollers 103 will initially ride on the upper surface 73a of the rear tracks 73 and the front rollers 108 will ride on the upper surface 72a of the front track surfaces 72. 
     When the chair reaches its near forward position, the rollers 104 will bear against the ramps 75 to raise the rear portion of the chair 40 upwardly off the rear tracks 73. 
     The use of the guide blocks 51 and rollers 55, 56, 58a and 59a substitute a moment (FIG. 14) for the downward force which would otherwise be required for equilibrium and greatly reduces the upward pulley force required for equilibrium. This moment is the product of the resisting force (F1) of roller 55 multiplied by the vertical distance between the centerlines of roller 55 and roller 59a. For equilibrium, the resisting force F1 of roller 55 equals the resisting force F2 of roller 59a. The forces F1 and F2 are located at the roller horizontal centerlines. This allows the size and weight of the pulleys 122 and 130 to be reduced which allows more sitting room for the person 32 occupying the wheelchair. 
     The patient 32 has thus been transferred from the bed onto the rolling wheel frame 36 without the necessity of lifting the patient manually. 
     In order to remove the person from the wheelchair, the steps are reversed. 
     It is to be understood that the drawings and descriptive matter are in all cases to be interpreted as merely illustrative of the principles of the invention, rather than as limiting the same in any way, since it is contemplated that various changes may be made in various elements to achieve like results without departing from the spirit of the invention or the scope of the appended claims.