Abstract:
A system for transacting vehicle sales and purchases is presented. The system includes a standard listing section wherein a vehicle is listed for sale; an auction block section wherein a vehicle is auctioned off wherein a system-mandated maximum floor and maximum ceiling prices are set; a lease and lease swap service which provides a marketplace where leased vehicles are listed and transferred and leases assigned and assumed; among other services. The standard listing tab facilitates transactions by providing both buyers and sellers an online portal to negotiate and finalize transaction terms remotely. The system also provides the parties real time data with regard to pricing, financing, transportation costs, vehicle history reports, third-party vehicle history inspections, and access to certified pre-owned vehicle programs and warranty programs. The combination of these services will reduce transaction time, costs and barriers to entry, while providing a higher degree of confidence when transacting vehicles.

Description:
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION 
       [0001]    This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/691,556 filed Aug. 21, 2012 entitled “COMPREHENSIVE VEHICLE AUCTION SYSTEM.” 
     
    
     BACKGROUND OF INVENTION 
       [0002]    This invention relates to vehicle sales. More specifically, and without limitation, this invention relates to vehicle sales through the internet. 
         [0003]    Since the mass adoption of the internet, sales of products over the internet have steadily increased. This has included sales of vehicles. However, considering that each vehicle, especially used vehicles, is inherently unique in nature, this presents various complexities to traditional online sales. Namely, it is difficult to put a specific price on vehicles because of the wide variety of features (such as color, sunroof, leather, etc.) and the varying condition of each vehicle (such as miles, damage, wear and tear, etc.). 
         [0004]    Various entities have attempted to address these problems in various ways. Entities such as cars.com, autos.com and autotrader.com offer websites wherein sellers can list their vehicle for sale and buyers can search for vehicles to buy. This requires entry of vehicle-related information into the site by the seller, which can then be searched by the buyer. These entities essentially offer an online classified ad. 
         [0005]    Other entities such as ebay.com, copart.com and adesa.com offer online auctions for vehicles. Through these websites a user can list their vehicle for auction and buyers can bid on the vehicle. 
         [0006]    While these entities and the services they offer are helpful, they have their deficiencies. Namely, the services these entities offer are limited. That is, these sites merely offer vehicles for sale or offer auctions for vehicles while failing to address the buyer&#39;s and seller&#39;s other unmet needs. 
         [0007]    Therefore, problems regarding the online sale of vehicles have not been addressed. 
         [0008]    Thus it is a primary object of the invention to provide a system and method that improves upon the state of the art. 
         [0009]    Another object of the invention is to improve the efficiency of transacting vehicle purchases. 
         [0010]    Yet another object of the invention is to improve the security of buying and selling vehicles on line. 
         [0011]    Another object of the invention is to improve the pricing mechanics of an online vehicle auction by requiring each vehicle auction to have a floor and ceiling price wherein the system sets the maximum values of those prices. This arrangement will ensure sellers obtain equal or higher selling prices than they might otherwise receive at a local vehicle auction while buyers will be able to purchase vehicles at a lesser amount than they might otherwise find at a dealership. 
         [0012]    Yet another object of the invention is to provide a single system wherein a seller can list a vehicle for sale, auction a vehicle, lease a vehicle, swap a lease, and have a vehicle purchased at auction on their behalf. 
         [0013]    Another object of the invention is to provide a single system wherein a buyer can search for a vehicle and see combined results in one search page for all such vehicles and similar vehicles which are available for sale, vehicles for auction, and vehicles available for a lease or lease swap, thereby presenting the buyer with more options than he or she may have previously considered and improving the rate in which vehicles are transacted online. 
         [0014]    Yet another object of the invention is to provide a proprietary system for online vehicle auctions whereby sellers are able to obtain a higher average sales price for their vehicles than they could otherwise receive at any existing online website or live physical auction house, while at the same time, buyers are able to purchase vehicles at a lesser average sales price than they could otherwise find at any existing online website or physical dealership. 
         [0015]    These and other objects, features, or advantages of the invention will become apparent from the specification, drawings and claims. 
       SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
       [0016]    A system for transacting vehicle sales and purchases is presented. The system includes a standard listing section wherein a vehicle is listed for sale; an auction block section wherein a vehicle is auctioned off wherein a system-mandated maximum floor and maximum ceiling prices are set; a lease and lease swap service which provides a marketplace where leased vehicles are listed and transferred and leases assigned and assumed; among other services. The standard listing tab facilitates transactions by providing both buyers and sellers an online portal to negotiate and finalize transaction terms remotely. The system also provides the parties real time data with regard to pricing, financing, transportation costs, vehicle history reports, third-party vehicle history inspections, and access to certified pre-owned vehicle programs and warranty programs. This portfolio of services is a significant improvement over the current state of art and will reduce transaction time, costs and barriers to entry, while providing both parties a higher degree of confidence when transacting for vehicles. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0017]      FIG. 1  is a plan view of the system. 
           [0018]      FIG. 2  is a plan view of the homepage of the system. 
           [0019]      FIG. 3  is a plan view of the results page of the system showing the standard listing tab, the auction block tab and the lease or lease swap tab. 
           [0020]      FIG. 4  is a plan view of the auction block tab of the system. 
           [0021]      FIG. 5  is a plan view of a detailed view of a vehicle listed for sale. 
           [0022]      FIG. 6  is a plan view of a detailed view of a vehicle listed for auction. 
           [0023]      FIG. 7  is a plan view of a detailed view of a vehicle listed for lease swap. 
           [0024]      FIG. 8  is a plan view of the registration page of the system. 
           [0025]      FIG. 9  is a plan view of the vehicle category selection page of the system. 
           [0026]      FIG. 10  is a plan view of the listing information page of the system. 
           [0027]      FIG. 11  is a plan view of the user generated condition report of the system. 
           [0028]      FIG. 12  is a plan view of the auction values page of the system. 
           [0029]      FIG. 13  is a plan view of the seller&#39;s comments page of the system. 
           [0030]      FIG. 14  is a plan view of a media page of the system. 
           [0031]      FIG. 15  is a plan view of a window sticker of the system including a QR Code, an estimated vehicle value (provided by NADA), auction ceiling price, auction floor price, and other vehicle information. 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
       [0032]    With reference to the drawings, a system  10  is presented for online vehicle transactions. For the purposes of this disclosure, the term “vehicle” is defined broadly to include all vehicles, including cars, trucks, motorcycles, marine (boats), agriculture equipment, construction equipment, motorhomes/campers, RVs, and aircraft, and any other motorized device. The system  10  includes an interactive user interface  12  connected by an electronic network  14  (such as the internet) to a database  16  through a computing device  18  to a website  20 . Interactive user interface  12  is any visual display, such as a computer screen, or the like, that displays information and allows for user interaction thereof. Electronic network  14  is any type of a connection to a network of computing devices that allows for the transfer and exchange of data and information, either through wired connection or wireless connection. Database  16  is any method or means of storing data such as hard drives, flash drives, memory, the cloud, a server or the like. Computing device  18  is any electronic device which sends and receives information over electronic network  14  and is capable of interpreting and displaying information on an interactive user interface  12 . Computing device  18  includes, but is not limited to, desktop computers, desktop computers, laptop computers, smartphones, cell phones, tablet computers, portable computers, iPads®, iPhones®, Android® devices, BlackBerries®, or the like. 
         [0033]    Website  20  offers a portfolio of tabs directed to various service offerings. These tabs include standard listing tab  100 , auction block tab  200 , concierge service tab  300 , lease and lease swap tab  400 , trade in tab  500 , enthusiast tab  600 , among other user interactive features. 
       Searching—Homepage: 
       [0034]    The website  20  begins with a homepage  22 . The homepage  22  includes a quick search box  24 . Quick search box  24  enables a user to enter search terms quickly and easily into a single search line. The homepage  22  also includes a structured search box  26  which allows a user to conduct a structured search. The structured search box  26  includes various guided sections that a user can type information into or select a common search term from, such as: “Type of Listing”, “Make”, “Model”, “Price”, “Location”, “Zip Code”, “New”, “Used”, “Certified”, etc. The homepage  22  also includes a search criteria box  27  which includes various search categories  28  (described further herein) that can be entered or selected to narrow the search results. The homepage  22  also includes a featured vehicles section  30  which displays a plurality of interactive individual vehicle ads  31  as will be described further herein. The homepage  22  also includes a plurality of how to videos  32  and various advertisements  34  among other information. When searching, as the user enters information into or selects information from the search criteria box  27 , the system  10  accesses database  16  or accesses a third party database containing vehicle information and populates the other categories, in real-time, with pertinent selections that are applicable based on the prior selected categories and information. In this way the search criteria continues to narrow or get more specific based on the user&#39;s prior selections. As these categories are selected, the results are populated in real-time continually offering the user the most pertinent results. When a user finds a vehicle listing they are interested in inspecting further they select or click on the specific vehicle ad  31 . This takes the user to a page dedicated to the specific vehicle (as will be described further herein). 
       Results Page: 
       [0035]    After a search is performed by a user by entering information into the quick search box  24  or by entering and/or selecting information into/from the structured search box  26 , the results page  36  is presented. A unique feature of the website  20  is that any search performed by a user results in the results page  36  being presented. The results page  36  contains results for all vehicles matching the search terms and separated into the following categories: standard listing tab  100 , auction block tab  200 , and lease and lease swap tab  300 , among others. In this way, the buyer is presented with more information and more options than he or she may have anticipated which has the potential to lead to more transactions. For example, a buyer who originally conducted a search with the intent of purchasing a vehicle, may, upon seeing the current vehicles that are being auctioned or offered for a lease or a lease swap may choose to bid on an auctioned vehicle or lease a leased vehicle even though that buyer had never considered doing so prior to seeing the results of the results page  36 . 
         [0036]    In one arrangement, as is shown, results page  36  shows a column of the most pertinent results for each of the standard listing tab  100 , the auction block tab  200  and the lease or lease swap tab  300 . Each of these columns present snapshots of the most pertinent results, such as a cover picture  38 , a structured title  40  including year, model, etc., brief description  42 , price  44 , and location  46 . Additional columns or categories of information are also contemplated. 
         [0037]    From this results page  36  the user has the freedom to navigate back to the homepage, conduct a further search using the quick search box  24 , conduct a detailed search using the search criteria box  27  by entering or selecting specific categories  28 , navigate to any one of the standard listing tab  100 , the auction block tab  200 , or the lease or lease swap tab  300  to see additional offerings which fall into that category of information. Alternatively, the user can navigate directly to a specific vehicle by selecting a specific vehicle ad  30  presented in any of the columns  100 ,  200 ,  300  for further review of that vehicle (as will be described further herein). 
         [0038]    In one arrangement, the search criteria box  27  is presented on each of the home page  22 , the results page  36 , the standard listing tab  100 , the auction block tab  200 , the lease or lease swap tab  300 , and any other page associated with the system  10 . This can include narrowing (or broadening) the search by: keyword, location, distance, vehicles for sale, vehicles on the auction block, lease swap vehicles, vehicles for lease, new, used, certified pre-owned, dealer listings, private seller, model, price, year, mileage, etc. 
       Selecting a Tab: 
       [0039]    When the user is interested in reviewing the results of any one of the tabs (Standard Listing Tab  100 , Auction Block Tab  200 , or Lease or Lease Swap Tab  300 ), the user selects that tab. Again, for the purposes of this disclosure, the term “tab” is defined broadly and includes a visual display of information, as well as an interactive link which when clicked upon takes the user to a new display. The user can easily navigate from tab to tab within the website  20 . Accordingly, for purposes of this disclosure, the term “tab” may also be used synonymously with the common usage of the term “webpage”. 
         [0040]    When the user selects one of the tabs (Standard Listing Tab  100 , Auction Block Tab  200 , or Lease or Lease Swap Tab  300 ) the user is presented with a slightly more detailed view of the vehicles which fall only into that category of vehicles. With reference to  FIG. 4 , as one example, the Auction Block Tab  300  is shown. The arrangement of the Standard Listing Tab  100  and Lease or Lease Swap Tabs  300  is similar and therefore not shown to eliminate redundancies. 
         [0041]    The results are presented in a single column; however additional columns are hereby contemplated for use. These results include all the information shown in the individual vehicle ads  31  including the cover photo  38 , title  40 , description  42 , price  44  and location  46 . These results also show additional information not presented in the vehicle ads  31  including: distance  48  from the user&#39;s entered location, year  50 , mileage  52 , bids  54 , time left  56  on the auction, estimated payments  58  for prequalified buyers, availability of rebates  60 , a vehicle history report  62 , a Quick-Response Code (“QR Code”  64 ) for the vehicle as well a photo link  66  and video link  68 , among other information. Again, this view is that of the Auction Block  200 , other or different information may be included for the For Sale Tab  100 , the Lease or Lease Swap Tab  300 , or any other tab. 
       Selecting a Vehicle for Review: 
       [0042]    When the user clicks on any of the vehicle ads  31  shown on the homepage  22 , the results page  36  or the detailed view of each of the tabs ( 100 ,  200 ,  300 ), the user is taken to a dedicated page for that vehicle. Examples of dedicated vehicle pages are shown for each of the Standard Listing Tab  100  ( FIG. 5 ), the Auction Block tab  200  ( FIG. 6 ) and the Lease or Lease Swap Tab  300  ( FIG. 7 ). These detailed views include all of the information contained in the more condensed snap-shot views shown in the vehicle ads  31  displayed on the Homepage  22 , the results page  36 , and the tabs themselves  100 ,  200 ,  300 , as well as additional information. 
         [0043]    With reference to  FIG. 5 , a detailed view  70  is presented of a for-sale vehicle listed under the standard listing tab  100 . This detailed view  70  includes all of the information included in prior views of the vehicle as well as additional information, or expanded information. That is, the detailed view includes the cover picture  38  of the vehicle prominently displayed above a video link  68  and a plurality of additional photo links  66 . The detailed view  70  includes or may include the title  40 , description  42  (under seller&#39;s comments) the year  50 , the price  44 , the estimated payments  58 , available rebates  60 , a link to a vehicle history report  62 , and a QR Code  64  for the vehicle. In addition, the detailed view  70  includes listing type section  72 , which in this case shows the listing is a For Sale listing. 
         [0044]    A standardized valuation section  74  is presented that shows a standardized valuation from a reputable organization that issues estimated vehicle values, in this particular case a NADA retail price is presented. However other providers of this information are hereby contemplated for use. A user can click on this link to further investigate the information provided by the organization regarding this vehicle. Also presented in association with the standardized valuation is the auction ceiling price, which will be further described herein, for the user&#39;s comparison purposes. This information is used by the system  10  to calculate an estimated vehicle value, as is further described herein. 
         [0045]    A contact the seller button  76  as well as a negotiate on line button  78  are presented. These buttons are used to contact the seller directly to ask question, make counter offers, and the like. 
         [0046]    A fraud prevention button  80  is also presented. One major obstacle to purchasing expensive products on line, especially unique products such as vehicles, is the potential for fraud, and the potential to end up with a product that does not meet the user&#39;s expectations. The fraud prevention button  80  presents the user with a portfolio of services that can help prevent fraud and ensure that the vehicle meets the expectations of the user. These services include a full detailed vehicle history report and title report, a vehicle inspection from a certified inspector, an escrow service which serves as an intermediary for the funds, as well as other services. These services can be purchased as a package, for one low price, for cost savings, or alternatively they can be purchased individually, through the system  10  without having to interface with any other company or person. When this button is clicked upon the user is presented with additional information regarding these services. In the event the user wants a vehicle history report, the system  10  arranges for one to be provided. In the event the user wants the vehicle to be inspected, the system  10  arranges for a certified inspector to inspect the vehicle and provide a comprehensive report to the user. In one arrangement, the vehicle history report is provided automatically and without cost for vehicles listed on the auction block tab  200  whereas users must purchase the vehicle history report for vehicles listed on the standard listing tab  100  and the lease or lease swap tab  300 . In the event the user wants to use escrow services for the purchase, the system arranges for a third party escrow agent to handle the transaction. The presentation of these services in a single place provides assurance that the providers of these services are reputable, and also streamlines the purchasing process. 
         [0047]    Similarly, a financing button  82  is also presented. One major obstacle to purchasing expensive products on line, especially unique products such as vehicles, is the need for financing. The financing button  82  presents the user with a portfolio of services that can help the user determine various payment options. This includes presenting the user with a payment calculator. This also includes presenting the user with an estimated monthly payment. When this button is clicked, the user is presented with various financing options from third party financiers, such as banks. By presenting this information in association with the vehicle information, this streamlines the financing process, ensures that the user gets the best and most appropriate financing for the vehicle, and ensures that the user is able to secure financing before an offer is made or the purchase is consummated. This also provides both the buyer and the seller with assurances that when an offer is made, payment will follow. 
         [0048]    An additional services button  84  is also presented. The additional services button  84  provides or links the user to various additional services that are related specifically to the vehicle. Within this button  84  are links for insurance quotes  86 , vehicle inspection  88 , escrow services  90 , transportation quotes  92 , among others. The insurance quotes button  86  links the user to a plurality of reputable insurance companies and presents insurance quotes specific to the vehicle. The vehicle inspection button  88  links the user to reputable certified inspectors to arrange for an inspection of the vehicle. The escrow services button  90  links the user to a plurality of escrow services available for utilization for the purchase of the vehicle. The transportation quote button  92  links the user to a plurality of reputable and certified transporters for the transportation of the vehicle from its current location to the user&#39;s desired location. Again, by providing all of these services in a single location, this allows the user to better understand the cost of ownership and provides assurance to both the buyer and seller. 
         [0049]    Also presented is a seller profile button  94 . The seller profile button  94  provides additional information about the seller. This includes listing their personal information, such as name and location. As well as listing whether they are a personal seller or a dealer, and listing current and previous vehicles they have sold through the system  10 . This also includes a list of reviews of the seller provided by other users of the system  10  that have transacted business with the seller. 
         [0050]    A plurality of informational tabs  96  are also presented under the photo and video links  66 ,  68 . These links include an expanded seller&#39;s comments section  98 , a standard specs section  102 , a seller profile section  104 , map and directions section  106  and a compare section  108 , that compares the vehicle to other vehicles sold or listed with the system  10  as well as with standardized prices for the vehicle. 
         [0051]    Also presented is a vehicle condition gauge  110 . The vehicle condition gauge  110  is a visual representation of the condition of the vehicle. In one arrangement, the vehicle condition gauge  110  is a needle that moves between 0 and 4 based on a calculated numerical value generated from results of the condition report, wherein 0 represents poor condition, and 4 represents perfect condition. 
         [0052]    Also presented below the informational tabs section  96  are a plurality of vehicle ads  31  of similar vehicles for the quick review and comparison by the user. 
         [0053]    With reference to  FIG. 6  a detailed view  70  is presented of an auctioned vehicle listed under the auction block tab  200 . This detailed view  70  includes all of the information and tabs described herein with respect to the detailed view  70  of a vehicle for sale ( FIG. 5 ). 
         [0054]    In addition, the detailed view  70  of an auctioned vehicle includes a bid calling gauge  112 . The bid calling gauge  112  is a graphical representation of the current bidding for the vehicle on the auction block. While any graphical representation will suffice, and are hereby contemplated, a vertically oriented temperature-like gauge is presented with a floor price  114  representing the lowest value of the gauge, a ceiling price  116  representing the highest value of the gauge, and a current price  118  representing the most current bid for the vehicle. The bid calling gauge  112  also shows numerical values as for the floor price  114 , current price  118  and ceiling price  116 . In addition, the bid calling gauge  112  is also shaded up to the current price  116  to visually show the bidding that has occurred. 
         [0055]    Presented adjacent the bid calling gauge  112  is the bidding section  120 . The bidding section  120  includes a place bid button  122  which the user can select to place a bid on the vehicle. In addition, the bidding section  120  includes an Own It Now button  124 , which immediately closes the auction for the bidder at the ceiling price. Also presented within the bidding section  120  is a contact seller button  76  and a condition report button  126  which links to the automatically generated condition report. Also presented is the amount of time remaining on the auction. 
         [0056]    The other components of this page are similar, if not identical to those described herein with respect to the for sale vehicle ( FIG. 5 ). 
         [0057]    With reference to  FIG. 7  a detailed view  70  is presented of an lease or lease swap vehicle under the lese or lease swap tab  300 . This detailed view  70  includes all of the information and tabs described herein with respect to the detailed view  70  of a vehicle for sale ( FIG. 5 ) and/or a vehicle on the auction block ( FIG. 6 ). 
         [0058]    In addition, the detailed view  70  of a leased vehicle or a lease swap vehicle includes additional information regarding the terms and/or conditions of the lease. This includes a cash incentive button  128  which shows the cash incentive the current owner is willing to offer for an assumption of the lease. Also presented is a required deposit button  130  which shows the deposit required to assume the lease. 
         [0059]    Presented adjacent the cash incentive button  128  and the required deposit button  130  is a leasing button  132 . Clicking the leasing button  132  puts the buyer into electrical communication to close the lease or lease swap. This leasing button  132  provides additional information regarding the lease, including the monthly cost for the lease, among other information. 
         [0060]    The other components of this page are similar, if not identical to those described herein with respect to the for sale vehicle ( FIG. 5 ) and the auction block vehicle ( FIG. 6 ). 
       When Searching for a Vehicle: 
       [0061]    The user searches for a vehicle by entering search criteria into the quick search box  24  or by entering or selecting categories  28  in the search criteria box  27 . The user can select a vehicle listing directly by clicking on a vehicle ad  31  in the featured vehicle section  30 . Alternatively, the user can continue to pursue the featured vehicles in the featured vehicles section  30  while continuing to narrow or broaden the categories in the search criteria box  27 . 
         [0062]    This search criteria may include, but is not limited to, the following vehicle information: keywords vehicle type, wherein the user selects from various options such as cars, trucks, antiques, equipment, airplanes, boats, motorcycles, etc.; make, which is the manufacturer of the vehicle; model; style which includes various features such as coup, hatchback, station wagon, trim type, or any other notable feature; whether the vehicle is new or used vehicle; whether the vehicle is certified; year or range of years; body style; list price or a range of prices; exterior color; transmission type, such as manual, automatic, overdrive, 5-speed, 6-speed, etc.; engine type, such as 4-cylinder, 6-cylinder, 8-cylinder, 10-cylinder, diesel, hybrid, electric, etc.; fuel type 130, such as standard, diesel, flex-fuel, etc.; mileage or a range of mileage; interior color; interior type, such as cloth or leather; doors, which includes the number of doors; and any other information. The user is also presented with a number of other features that will help narrow the search, which may include but are not limited to: driver airbag; passenger airbag; side airbags; alarm; air conditioning; rear air conditioning; cruise control; power seats; heated seats; cooled seats; rear defrost; rear wiper; tinted glass; power windows; sunroof; and any other features. 
         [0063]    As the user enters any of the information identified above, the system  10  accesses database  16  or accesses a third party database containing vehicle information and populates the other categories with pertinent selections that are applicable based on the prior selected categories and information. In this way the search criteria continues to narrow or get more specific based on the user&#39;s prior selections. As these categories are selected, the results are populated in real-time continually offering the user the most pertinent results. 
         [0064]    When a user finds a vehicle listing they are interested in inspecting further they select or click on the specific vehicle ad  31 . This takes the user to a page dedicated to the specific vehicle (as will be described further herein). To purchase, bid or lease the vehicle displayed in a detailed view  70 , the user will contact the seller directly by using contact information displayed in the standard listing. 
         [0065]    The unique features of this system  10  present the user with a plurality of ways to obtain a vehicle, (purchasing, bidding, leasing, etc.), this provides the user with additional ways not often considered by buyers which may help the user find a better arrangement than if they only considered a single option. In addition, the system  10  allows a user to quickly analyze the entire cost of purchasing a vehicle, including common costs not contemplated by a purchaser such as transportation costs, insurance costs, financing, etc. 
       Selling, Auctioning or Leasing Away a Vehicle: 
       [0066]    When disposing a vehicle, with by selling, auctioning or leasing or lease swapping a vehicle, the user selects the sell button  134 . Once this link is accessed the user is presented with a registration page  136 . On this registration page, a new user must establish an email or username  138  and password  140  to create an account, or alternatively login using an established username  138  and password  140 . In one arrangement, a new user must establish an account including a valid e-mail address, phone number, credit card information, whether they are a dealer or a private seller, their address, among other information. This ensures that a transaction is intended, the transaction occurs, which provides assurances to both the buyer and the seller. 
         [0067]    Once the user account is established or associated, the user selects the vehicle category  142  (cars &amp; trucks, recreational vehicles, motorcycles) and the transaction type  144  (for sale, auction block, lease swap, new lease). 
         [0068]    Next, the user enters all of the applicable descriptive information regarding the vehicle. This includes the VIN, or vehicle-identification-number (VIN)  146 , which is used by the system  10  to retrieve information about the vehicle from database  16 , mileage  148 , state of registration  150 , dealer stock number  152 , standard specs  154  and additional features  156 . Next, the seller authors the condition report  158 . This is done by providing the seller&#39;s opinion of the condition of various aspects of the vehicle, as well as the seller&#39;s comments regarding these aspects. These include, or may include, paint  160 , body  162 , interior  164 , frame  166 , powertrain  168 , accessories  170 , fluids  172 , tires  174 , and keys  176 , among others. 
         [0069]    Next, the user is presented with the auction values page  178 . The auction values page  178  displays the maximum floor price  114  and the maximum ceiling price  116 , which are generated automatically by a proprietary formula of the system  10 . These values are based on the features of the vehicle which include or may include VIN  146  (from which information is extracted, e.g. year, make, model, features, etc.), mileage  148 , state of registration  150 , standard specs  154 , additional features  156 , etc. The seller has the option to accept the maximum floor price  114  and the maximum ceiling price  116 , or lower them by entering their own values. The seller cannot raise the maximum floor price  114  or the maximum ceiling price  116 . 
         [0070]    Next, the seller is presented with a seller&#39;s comments box  178 . In this box, the seller enters their comments regarding the vehicle. 
         [0071]    Next, the seller is presented with the media page  180 . On the media page  180 , the seller uploads photos  182  and videos  184  of the vehicle. 
         [0072]    From this information, the system  10  generates the various vehicle listings and ads as are described herein as well as the detailed view  70 . This information is searchable by the system  10  as a user enters search criteria into the search criteria box  27  and or categories  28 . 
         [0073]    Also, a window sticker  186  or flyer is automatically generated. This sticker  186  can be placed on or in the vehicle itself. The sticker  186  includes or may include the address of the website  20 , the listing number  188 , the VIN  146 , dealer stock number  190 , color  192 , interior description  194 , transmission  196 , an estimated value of the vehicle  204 , the ceiling price  116 , floor price  118 , a QR Code  64 , the dealer&#39;s logo  206 , location  64  of the vehicle, owner or dealer, among other pertinent information. 
         [0074]    This window sticker is placed on or in the vehicle. When a potential purchaser sees this window sticker  186 , the user can scan the QR Code  64  which will immediately take the user to the vehicle&#39;s detailed view  70  webpage. In addition, upon review of the window sticker  186 , the user is immediately aware of the important features of the vehicle and the conditions required for purchase. 
         [0075]    The seller can also enter, review and/or require additional information through the registration process. This includes, rebates  60 , vehicle history report  62 , escrow services  90 . In the event the vehicle is to be auctioned, the user selects the start date and time  206  for the auction. In one arrangement, the user selects the length of time for the auction between 1 and 5 days, however any other length of time is hereby contemplated. 
         [0076]    Once the user has completed the registration process, the user enters payment information  208  and is charged a flat fee. Once payment is received the vehicle ad goes live on the interne. 
       Bulk Upload for Dealers: 
       [0077]    As an alternative arrangement to this process, a user that is a dealership may provide their entire inventory via a bulk upload which will automatically upload the entire dealer&#39;s inventory into the website database and place all such vehicles immediately for sale under the For Sale Tab. This bulk upload feature is paid on a monthly subscription basis by the dealer. From the bulk inventory upload, the vehicle can then easily roll the vehicle over to the auction block tab  200  or the lease or lease swap tab  300 . 
       QR Code: 
       [0078]    When scanned, the QR Code  64  described herein, otherwise known as a scannable code, takes the user to a mobile version of the website  20  so that the vehicle profile corresponding to the particular QR code  64  is displayed as a mobile version of the website  20  on the handheld device. Through the mobile version of the website  20  as displayed on the user&#39;s handheld device, the user can immediately interact with the seller through system  10  or use any of the functions of the Website  20 . Alternatively, the QR Code  64  may display the vehicle profile in a mobile application for the website  20  if one is installed on the user&#39;s handheld device instead of displaying the vehicle profile as a mobile version of the website  20 . Further detail regarding the use of QR codes in online actions can be found in U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 61/650,195 with a filing date of May 22, 2012 entitled: Scannable Code and Method of Use (converted as PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2013/042043 with a filing date of May 21, 2013), as well as other improvements included in U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 61/651,673 with a filing date of May 25, 2012 for System And Method For Using Scannable Codes For Electronic Payment, (converted as PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US2013/042614 with a filing date of May 24, 2013), which are both incorporated herein by reference. 
       Presentation of Third Party &amp; Historical Information: 
       [0079]    When the vehicle profile, or detailed view  70  is displayed, independent third party information is simultaneously displayed along with the vehicle profile. This third party information is displayed to allow the user to determine the value and quality of the vehicle. This third party information may include but is not limited to: recent sales of similar vehicles in the area; independent third-party industry-specific valuations such as pricing guides published by Green Book, Blue Book, MSRP, Edmunds, NADA, KBB, Galves values of the vehicle; third-party vehicle history reports; reports on the vehicle such as Consumer Reports® or the like; manufacturer specifications; similar listings of vehicles currently for sale or auction; and any other information published about the specific make, model and year of vehicle. This information includes interactive links which will allow the user to quickly access further information through the interne. 
       Auction Block: 
       [0080]    When auctioning the vehicle through the auction block  200  the user does not select the price  44 . Instead, when using the Auction Block Tab  200 , a maximum floor price  114  and maximum ceiling price  116  are set automatically by the system  10  based upon the VIN  146  of the vehicle being sold or other information regarding the configuration and condition of the vehicle. The maximum floor price  114  and the maximum ceiling price  116  are dictated to the buyer by the system  10 . That is, when the user elects to auction their vehicle, based upon the information about the vehicle, the system  10  calculates a proprietary maximum floor price  114  which is the maximum amount at which bidding on the vehicle may start. The user may select a lower floor price  114  than the maximum floor price  114 , but may not select a floor price  114  higher than the maximum floor price  114  established by the system  10 . If the user does not select a lower floor price  114  than the maximum floor price  114 , then the floor price  114  will be the maximum floor price  114 . If the user does select a lower floor price  114  than the maximum floor price  114 , then the floor price  114  will be the lowered value set by the user. The system  10  will not allow a reserve price to be set, and accordingly, the floor price  114  will function as the equivalent of the reserve price in a traditional auction. 
         [0081]    The system  10  also calculates a proprietary maximum ceiling price  116  which is the maximum price at which the vehicle may be sold under the Auction Block Tab  200 . The user may select a lower ceiling price  116  than the maximum ceiling price  116 , but may not select a ceiling price  116  higher than the maximum ceiling price  116  established by the system  10 . If the user does not select a lower ceiling price  116  than the maximum ceiling price  116 , then the ceiling price  116  will be the maximum ceiling price  116 . If the user does select a lower ceiling price  116  than the maximum ceiling price  116 , then the ceiling price  116  will be the lowered value set by the user. Bidding will not be allowed to start below the floor price  114 ; and bidding will not be allowed to exceed the ceiling price  116 . Any bids made below the floor price  114  will be ineffective and will not be allowed to be made by the system  10 . 
         [0082]    The first bidder to bid at or above the ceiling price  116  will win the vehicle at the ceiling price  116 . If the ceiling price  116  is never met, the highest bid at the time of the auction&#39;s close will be the winning bid. 
         [0083]    Establishment of the maximum floor price  116  and maximum ceiling price  114  are set by the system  10  by comparing the vehicle information (including the vehicle condition report) to third party information pursuant to the proprietary formula of the system  10  and generating an estimated vehicle value. The maximum floor price  114  and maximum ceiling price  116  will be based on a proprietary formula that may take into consideration the vehicle&#39;s wholesale, trade-in, and/or retail values (estimated vehicle value). As an example, the NADA suggested retail price is one measure of the retail value of the vehicle. 
         [0084]    In one arrangement, so as to promote sales, the maximum floor price  114  and the maximum ceiling price  116  are based on a multiplier that will result in a percent mark-up or mark-down from industry based wholesale, trade-in, or retail values (estimated vehicle value). 
         [0085]    In one arrangement this equation includes: 
         [0000]      Maximum Floor Price=(Wholesale, Trade-In, and/or Retail Value))*(Floor Multiplier) 
         [0000]      Maximum Ceiling Price=(Wholesale, Trade-In, and/or Retail Value))*(Ceiling Multiplier) 
         [0086]    In one arrangement, the Floor Multiplier is less than the Ceiling Multiplier. 
         [0087]    As an example to show how one combination of these values may be used to dictate floor and ceiling prices, assume the trade-in value of the vehicle is $10,000.00 and the retail value is $15,300. The Floor Multiplier for this particular make, model, year may be 1.02 times the trade-in value and the Ceiling Multiplier may be  0 . 90  times the retail value. In this case: 
         [0000]      The Floor Price=(10,000)(1.02)=$10,200.00 
         [0000]      The Ceiling Price=(15,300)(0.90)=$13,770. 
         [0000]    In this oversimplified example, any bids below $10,200.00 will be ineffective. If the final bid is between $10,200.00 and $13,770.00, exclusive, the vehicle will be transacted to the final bidder at that price. The first bidder to bid $13,770.00 or above will immediately win the vehicle at the ceiling price  116 . 
         [0088]    By setting the floor price  114  and ceiling price  116  at a multiplier to the independent third party wholesale, trade-in, and/or retail value, the auction block  200  promotes the sale of vehicles because dealers will receive more than they expect to receive at wholesale auction houses while buyers will, on average, purchase vehicles at significant discounts to average retail prices or dealership prices. This will attract both sellers who want to offload their vehicles, while simultaneously attracting buyers who are interested in buying vehicles at a discount. 
         [0089]    In an alternative arrangement, the system  10  calculates an estimated price based on a plurality of independent third party prices. Then the discount calculations are taken from this estimated price. 
         [0090]    In addition, while the user can select the start date and time  206  for the auction, the auction block  200  sets a time limit. Once the time has expired, the auction is closed and the vehicle is either transacted to the highest bidder if the floor price  114  has been met or exceeded or the auction closes without a sale if the floor price  114  has not been met. 
         [0091]    To further simplify matters, in one arrangement the system sets the bid increments based on a predetermined formula or user selected criteria. That is, the bidder does not key in a price, but instead the bidder clicks a bid button which bids the next bid amount based on the next preset incremental bid amount. As an alternative arrangement, the bidder can place a proxy bid, which is the maximum amount the bidder is willing to pay. The system will then auto-bid for the bidder up to that maximum amount as it&#39;s required to bid against other bidders who are also bidding on that auction. 
         [0092]    In one arrangement, another feature of the system  10  is to provide a tiered reward structure wherein a portion of the bid fees from any given auction listing may be returned to the seller, with a higher percentage return going to higher volume sellers. Bid fees are generated from bidders under the auction tab  200 . A bid fee is charged to a bidder for each vehicle the bidder desires to bid on. Once the initial bid fee is paid by the bidder for each auction vehicle, the bidder is free to bid on that vehicle as many times as desired with no additional fee. 
         [0093]    As an example, one tiered system could include returning 15% of bid fees to a dealer who generates up to $10,0000.00 in bid fees from that dealer&#39;s listings in a month; 25% of bid fees to a dealer who transacts $10,000.01-$20,000.00 in bid fees from that dealer&#39;s listings in a month, and 35% of bid fees to a dealer who transacts over $20,000.01 in bid fees from that dealer&#39;s listings in a month. A non-dealer auction seller may also receive a portion of the bid fees returned to them, but will likely only qualify for the lower tier based on their volume. In both situations, dealers and non-dealers, this feature will promote continued use of the Website  20  and will develop user loyalty. Further, this feature will promote a positive user experience for sellers of vehicles, which on average, is lacking in the current vehicle sales model. Accordingly, this feature is a significant improvement over the current state of the art. 
         [0094]    The auction tab  200  may allow the seller to set desired bid increments to be used for each specific auction listing. By way of example, the auction tab  200  may allow an auction seller to choose standard bid increments of $20, $40, $60, $80 or $100. The auction seller would then choose whichever bid increment the seller believes will best suit the auction. Alternatively, the auction tab  200  may automatically set the bid increments based upon a proprietary formula established by the System  10 . Alternatively, the auction tab  200  may automatically determine a set number of bid increment choices based upon a proprietary formula established by the System  10 . The seller would then choose whichever bid increment the seller believes will best suit the auction from the set number of bid increment choices established by the System  10 . 
         [0000]    When Buying a Vehicle through Auction: 
         [0095]    After conducting a search through the homepage  22  and selecting the auction block tab  200  on the results page  36 , the user may enter further search criteria to find auction vehicles which meet their search criteria. Once the vehicle information is entered all active auctions are displayed which meet the user&#39;s search criteria, in order of relevance. The categories of relevance can be selected such as price, time remaining, relatedness to search criteria or any other category. 
         [0096]    As an alternative to the search methodology set forth above, a buyer may also search for an auction vehicle by using a text search box displayed on the home page of the Website  20 . 
         [0097]    Each auctioned vehicle profile is displayed. Pertinent to the auction, the amount of time remaining is also presented as well as the current bid  214 , the floor price  116 , the ceiling price  116 , and any other information regarding the vehicle. In addition, as is described herein, independent third party information is simultaneously displayed along with the vehicle profile. This third party information is displayed to allow the user to determine the value and quality of the vehicle. This third party information may include: recent sales of similar vehicles in the area; certified valuations such as pricing guides published by Green Book, Blue Book, MSRP, Edmunds, NADA, KBB, Galves values of the vehicle; reports on the vehicle such as Consumer Reports® or the like, manufacturer specifications; similar listings of vehicles currently for sale or auction; and any other information published about the specific make, model and year of vehicle. 
         [0098]    In the event the user wants to bid on the vehicle the user must associate an existing user account or establish a new account through the registration page  136 . Once the user account is associated, the user can submit a bid by clicking the place bid button  122 . Alternatively, to speed the process, in the event a buyer does not want to compete for the vehicle, the “Own It Now” button  124  is pressed. At the moment the buyer clicks the Own It Now button  124 , a screen appears requiring buyer to confirm they intend to purchase the vehicle at the ceiling price  116 , and if the bidder confirms, the bidder immediately wins the vehicle auction at the ceiling price  116 . This speeds the auction and ensures that the bidder wins the desired vehicle while still at a reasonable price. 
         [0099]    When the seller submits the vehicle for auction, and the user submits a bid, both the user and the seller are committed to the process through a binding agreement as is defined by the terms of use. Once a bid is accepted, the buyer can arrange for shipping directly from the seller or from a third party shipping service through the transportation quote button  92  displayed on the site. The buyer can also arrange for financing directly from the seller or from a third party financing service through the financing button  82  displayed on the site. 
         [0100]    The auction tab  200  may allow automatic computerized bidding on behalf of an auction buyer up to a maximum bid amount supplied to the Website  20  by the buyer. Alternatively, the auction tab  200  may require an auction buyer to manually key in each bid. 
       Fees: 
       [0101]    Fees are charged through the system  10  in the following manner. A flat fee is charged for a standard listing, either a for sale listing, an auction listing, or a lease or lease swap listing, this fee is a first amount (such as $35.00.) 
         [0102]    A “premium marketing fee” may be charged to an auction block tab  200  seller. The success fee would represent an additional fee charged to the seller in the event the auction listing achieved the bid maximum ceiling price  116 . The premium marketing fee may be a flat fee charged to all auction listings or it may be a percentage fee based on the final sales price of the auction, whereby higher priced vehicles would result in a higher premium marketing fee. The premium marketing fee would be payable by the auction seller directly to the website  20 . In one arrangement, the premium marketing fee is a second amount (such as $99.00). 
         [0103]    One barrier to entry preventing a seller from putting a vehicle up for auction is the hesitation to turn away an in-person buyer during an auction. In the event that an in-person buyer wants to purchase the vehicle during an auction, and the seller wants to sell them the vehicle, “remove listing” fee is charged to the seller to terminate the auction. This remove listing fee is a flat fee. This fee is a third amount (such as $199.00). 
         [0104]    In one arrangement, a buyer is free to submit as many bids as they want without any fees being charged to them until they win a bid. Once a buyer wins a bid, they are charged a flat document processing fee for winning the auction. In one arrangement, this fee is a fourth amount (such as $99.00). 
         [0105]    To ensure that payment occurs for these fees, both buyers and sellers are required to associate an active credit card with their user accounts. These fees are automatically charged to their credit card. 
         [0106]    While some fees are charged through the system to the buyer and the seller, in one arrangement the transaction is arranged between the buyer and the seller directly. Alternatively, the buyer and/or the seller arrange for a third party, such as a financing institution, such as one found under the financing button  82  or the escrow button  90 , to effectuate the transaction. 
       Concierge Service: 
       [0107]    Even though the Website  20  significantly improves the process of purchasing a vehicle, some users will still prefer to have a third party purchase vehicles for them. This may be due to several factors including but not limited to language or cultural barriers, a preference to save time, or a preference to avoid any bidding or negotiation process altogether. 
         [0108]    Accordingly, in the event that a user would like to have a buyer purchase a specific vehicle for the buyer, the buyer accesses a concierge service tab  400  (not shown to avoid redundancies but described herein and similar to the previous tabs  100 ,  200 ,  300  as are shown and described herein). To do so, the user must associate a user account by logging in. Once logged in, the user develops a vehicle profile by selecting vehicle information, as is described above, which describes the vehicle they are looking for. In addition, the user identifies the price at which they would be willing to purchase this vehicle and the time frame for which the order can be filled. 
         [0109]    Once the user submits this information, their credit card is charged a concierge fee, such as a flat fee. A third party acting as a concierge then searches for a vehicle for the buyer which meets the buyer&#39;s criteria. When the third party concierge finds a suitable vehicle, the concierge initiates the bidding or negotiation process. The concierge then either completes the purchase for the buyer or submits a reimbursement request to the buyer, or the concierge obtains payment from the buyer to close the transaction with the seller of the vehicle located by the concierge. 
         [0110]    In the event that the concierge request is not filled within the specified amount of time, a portion of the concierge fee may be returned to the buyer. 
       Lease and Lease Swap: 
       [0111]    Vehicles for lease are listed in the manner described herein under the lease or lease swap tab  300  and with reference to  FIGS. 3 and 7 . 
         [0112]    Swapping out of a lease: In the event that a user has a leased vehicle that they want to get out of prior to the original termination of the lease, the user establishes an account using the registration page  136 , and selects new lease or lease swap transaction type  144 . Next, the user develops a vehicle profile by selecting vehicle information. Specifically to the lease swap system  300 , the user enters the monthly payment terms, the remaining mileage left on the lease, the terms of the swap, and any other pertinent information. 
         [0113]    The advantage to a user swapping out of a lease is that the user may get out of an existing lease prior to its original expiration, thereby freeing up the user to lease or purchase a new vehicle. Alternatively, users stuck in leases may need to swap out of a lease in order to reduce their monthly expenses, and a lease swap may allow them to do so without a fine or penalty. 
         [0114]    The lease or lease swap tab  300  also allows the user to define floor and ceiling limits for what the user will offer as incentives to the lease assignee. The website  20  may then automate replies to potential assignees who intend to make best offers to the user. 
         [0115]    As an alternative, the lease swap tab  300  may also allow the user an option to conduct an auction type listing (as described herein), whereby the user would start the auction at on opening bid equal to the maximum cash incentive he or she is willing to offer to a lease assignee. Additional bids would then reduce the incentive amount by set bid increments. The winning bidder would then be the bid representing the lowest incentive amount. Incentives include, or may include, lump sum payments and/or reduced monthly payments. 
         [0116]    By way of example only, a user may list a vehicle for auction under the lease swap tab  300 . The user may open bidding at $3,000, representing the maximum cash incentive dollar amount that user is willing to offer a potential lease assignee. If bid increments were set at $20, the next bidder would need to bid $2,980 in order to be the highest current bidder. Bidding would continue until the auction ended. 
         [0117]    Swapping into a lease: In the event that a user wants to swap into a leased vehicle, the user selects vehicle information to describe the vehicle they are looking for and selects the lease or lease swap tab  300  which presents all vehicles which meet the search criteria. 
         [0118]    In the event the user wants to submit a bid or make an offer on any of the lease vehicles, the user must log into the system and associates a user account. Once logged in, the user can submit a lease offer or bid through the leasing button  132 . This offer is then transmitted to the seller, who can accept or deny the offer. 
         [0119]    The advantage to a user swapping into a lease is that the user can often assume a lease for significantly less fees than the user would encounter in a new lease. Additionally, the user will typically have a shorter remaining lease commitment than would otherwise be found in a new lease. 
       Trade in Tab: 
       [0120]    When a user has a vehicle that they want to offload in a short period of time, perhaps so as to have the funds to purchase a new vehicle listed on the Website  20  or elsewhere, the user selects the trade in tab  500  (not shown to avoid redundancies but described herein and similar to the previous tabs  100 ,  200 ,  300  as are shown and described herein). The user develops a vehicle profile by selecting vehicle information. Once the vehicle profile is developed, the user submits the trade in request. Once the submit button is selected the trade in request is submitted to a network of associated and certified dealers who are certified to handle trade in requests. Once the dealers receive the trade in request they evaluate the trade in and issue a trade in offer which is submitted through the system  10  to the seller who can accept or deny the offer. 
         [0121]    As an alternative to submitting a trade in offer to a network of dealers, a user may submit a trade in offer directly to one preferred dealer in the event that the user desires to purchase a car from that dealer, in an effort to avoid transactions with two different dealers and to simplify the overall transaction by purchasing one vehicle and trading in another vehicle with the same dealer. 
       Enthusiast Tab: 
       [0122]    An enthusiast tab  600  (not shown to avoid redundancies but described herein and similar to the previous tabs  100 ,  200 ,  300  as are shown and described herein) provides users a platform to post information and photographs about their vehicles online for the purpose of displaying information to the public about their vehicles. The enthusiast tab  600  allows users the ability to quickly create profile page for their vehicle that anyone can view. One common user of the enthusiast tab  600  will be the vehicle enthusiast who likes to modify their vehicle with certain aftermarket or dealer certified parts, thereby changing the appearance, function, or performance of their vehicle. An enthusiast profile will allow such user to display all information about their modifications as well as multiple pictures. Another common user of the enthusiast tab  600  may be vehicle collectors or owners of classic vehicles who wish to display information about their vehicle collections or classic vehicles. 
         [0123]    A profile built in the enthusiast tab  600  can easily be converted to a standard listing, auction block listing, a lease or lease swap listing, a trade in listing or the like, in the event the user decides to sell or swap out of a lease for their vehicle. The integration of the enthusiast tab  600  with the other services from the website  20  makes this process streamlined and easier than using any other online vehicle sales website or any traditional in person sales method, and as a result, is a significant improvement of the current state of the art. 
       Additional Features: 
       [0124]    One feature of this system  10  is the ability for buyers and sellers to comment on and provide satisfaction rankings on other buyers and sellers. In the event that a buyer had a great experience with a seller, the buyer can add a good rating to the seller&#39;s profile  94 . When other buyers see this ranking it provides a level of security to conducting business with this seller. In the event the buyer had a bad experience with the seller, the buyer can add a bad rating to the seller&#39;s profile. This will provide the next buyer with an added level of caution when transacting business with this seller. 
         [0125]    A transportation feature  92  is available for all vehicle sales, wherein users may obtain quotes for transportation services from third party service providers. 
         [0126]    The website  20  may also provide a bill of sale document service to any standard listing or auction block listing. This will facilitate the closing of the transaction and the transfer of title from seller to buyer in a quicker, more efficient and more secure manner. These forms are specifically tailored to the state(s) involved in the transaction to ensure that state-specific required documentation is properly completed for the transaction. 
         [0127]    In another arrangement, the system  10  described herein, and the system of setting the floor and ceiling prices for an auctioned vehicle, is used to auction vehicles in person, with or without the use of the interne. 
         [0128]    From the above discussion it will be appreciated that the system presented offers many advantages over the prior art. The system improves the efficiency of transacting vehicle purchases; the system improves the security of buying and selling vehicles on line; and the system presents a single site wherein a user can list a vehicle for sale, auction a vehicle, lease a vehicle, swap a leased vehicle, and have a vehicle purchased at auction on their behalf. 
         [0129]    While this invention is described primarily with respect to “vehicles” this invention is not intended to be so limited. In addition to the vehicles, the System  10  and Website  20  may also be used to list, auction, buy and sell non-vehicle assets and property including but not limited to office furniture, office equipment, medical equipment, collectables, buildings, real property, etc. 
         [0130]    It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that other various modifications could be made to the device without parting from the spirit and scope of this invention. All such modifications and changes fall within the scope of the claims and are intended to be covered thereby.