Abstract:
A device and method to inspect the sensitive distances of crankshaft or any other rotating axel with electrical measuring method and controlling the sensitivity and critical points according to desired explained spans. Its electronic system is flexible and has the possibility to coordinate with various control systems.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     One of the most important parts of a car is a crankshaft, which can be considered like the heart of a body. Unfortunately this part is usually damaged due to some physical contacts between engine and bearings which needs to be replaced by spending a lot of money. 
     In precise and sensitive present engines there is no method for anticipating the defects of the engine. If this is possible to perform on time, we can prevent basic breakdowns incidence in engines that sometimes result in its complete destruction. 
     The expenditures of basic repair of an engine are so high that can be compared with a percentage of a new engine. Crankshaft is one of the most expensive parts of engine the repair of which has high expenditures. Anticipating engines defect with the method of electronic measurement with high accuracy is the same as ECG for the engine that will show and warn weaknesses and breakdown of engine in order to prevent cost and time consuming repair. 
     There are many cases for eliminating crankshaft which we have to lathe, repair and finally replace this part. Considering the high price of this part we can do a basic action to increase crankshaft lifetime by this design. 
     Usually the beating and rough noise of engine is heard when a basic defect has happened in it and it is late to save the engine. In the case of airplane piston engines and turbines it may threaten human lives too. Since basic repair of engines particularly large engines is a hard, cost and time consuming task and needs high proficiency, by this invention, we can either prevent a small problem turning into a big defect or prevent a small defect turning into a basic problem. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     Major defects of the engine start from one of the following reasons:
     1. Presence of tine metal particles between crankshaft and its beds (ball bearings) that is considered as weak point of engine.   2. Reduction of engine&#39;s oil viscosity lower than permitted level   3. Driving with top gears and in lower engine cycles   

     Reason 1: In this method the moment of metal particle entrance between ball bearing and crankshaft is detected and located through electric measurement and necessary warning is given. 
     Reason 2: Deteriorated oil loses its viscosity and cannot maintain the hundredths distance between crankshaft and its bed any more therefore there is a contact between crankshaft and its ball bearing. This contact is enough for activating electronic alarm to inform the driver from danger start. 
     Reason 3: While driving with high gears when engine&#39;s cycle is not enough, beating state will appear in the engine. This beat will be transferred to bearings through crankshaft and will cause their irreparable damage. This invention will warn driver&#39;s failure to him. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         FIG. 1 : Displays a 3D view of crankshaft  10   
         FIG. 2 : Displays C 1  surface, where fixed bearings of crankshaft  10  are placed on. 
         FIG. 3 : Displays C 2  surfaces where the moving bearings of crankshaft  10  are located on. 
         FIG. 4 : Displays fixed bearings  20   
         FIG. 5 : Displays the arrangement of fixed bearings  20  positioned on C 1  surfaces 
         FIG. 6 : Displays the moving bearings  30   
         FIG. 7 : Displays the arrangement of moving bearings  30  on C 2  surfaces of crankshaft  10   
         FIG. 8 : Displays side bearings  40   
         FIG. 9 : Displays the arrangement of side bearings  40  on the crankshaft  10   
         FIG. 10 : Displays aperture C 3  at one end of crankshaft  10  which is the location of gearbox shaft  50   
         FIG. 11 : Displays the lack of contact between crankshaft  10  and input gearbox shaft  50 ; because the length and diameter of C 4  is smaller than aperture C 3   
         FIG. 12 : Displays the position of C 4  of gearbox shaft  50  in aperture C 3  is at the end of crankshaft  10   
         FIG. 13 : Displays oil pump  60  and oil pump gear  70   
         FIG. 14 : Displays the oil pump gear  70  which takes its movement from chain  80  and gear  90  takes it from crankshaft  10   
         FIG. 15 : Displays oil pump shaft  100  which is isolated from oil pump  60  by a layer of oil 
         FIG. 16 : Displays surfaces C 5  which are the location of oil pump  60  on cylinder block  110   
         FIG. 17 : Displays cylinder block  110   
         FIG. 18 : Displays oil pump  60  which is located on cylinder block  110   
         FIG. 19 : Displays connection between gears  70  and  90  which is through chain  80  and also location of oil pump  60  and crankshaft  10  on cylinder block  110  are shown. 
         FIG. 20 : Displays a cross section of cylinder block  110   
         FIG. 21 : Displays a cross section of cylinder block  110  with mounted fixed bearings  20   
         FIG. 22 : Displays a cross section of cylinder block  110  with mounted fixed bearings  20   
         FIG. 23 : Displays a cross section of cylinder block  110  with crank shaft  10  and fixed bearings  20  attached to it. 
         FIG. 24 : Displays a cross section of cylinder block  110  with crank shaft  10 , fixed bearings  20  and gear box shaft  50 . 
         FIG. 25 : Displays how crank shaft  10 , fixed bearings  20 , moving bearings  30 , side bearings  40 , gear box shaft  50 , oil pump  60 , gears  70 , chain  80 , gears  90  and cylinder block  110  are located in an engine. 
         FIG. 26 : Displays oil reservoir  120  located under cylinder block  110  is attached with screws on pulley  130 . 
         FIG. 27 : Displays three wires (White wire D 1 , Black wire D 2  and Red wire D 3 ) connecting to the engine for crankshaft testing. 
         FIG. 28 : Displays the message “Contact of bearing with crankshaft”. 
         FIG. 29 : Displays how wires D 3  and D 2  are connected to anode and cathode of a transportation device&#39;s battery 
         FIG. 30 : Displays D 3  connected to cathode and a schematic crankshaft symbol E 1  and the message “Contact of bearing with crankshaft” pops up on an LCD D 4  screen. 
         FIG. 31 : Displays how red and black wires are connected to anode and cathode and where a white wire is connected to pulley screw  130 . 
         FIG. 32 : Displays how red and black wires are connected to anode and cathode and where a white wire is connected to pulley screw  130 . 
         FIG. 33 : In the center of pulley screw  130  a small part F 1  is created to hold platinum eye F 2  in place. 
         FIG. 34 : Displays platinum eye F 2  on F 1 , with a metal blade F 3 ; including a dielectric edged spacer F 4  and a simple dielectric spacer F 5  and finally a screw F 6 . 
         FIG. 35 : Displays white wire D 1  connected to platinum eye F 2 . 
         FIG. 36 : Displays the LCD monitor D 4  after white wire D 1  is connected to platinum blade F 2 , showing E 1  and E 2 . 
         FIG. 37 : Displays a schematic design of crankshaft  10  and its electrical circuits 
         FIG. 38 : Displays point A to a 1  is related to the first fixed bearing  20  from crankshaft  10 . 
         FIG. 39 : Displays point a 1  to a 2  is related to the first moving bearing  30  from crank shaft  10 . 
         FIG. 40 : Displays point a 2  to a 3  is related to the second fixed bearing  20  from crank shaft  10 . 
         FIG. 41 : Displays point a 3  to a 4  is related to the second moving bearing  30  from crank shaft  10 . 
         FIG. 42 : Displays point a 4  to a 5  is related to the third fixed bearing  20  from crank shaft  10 . 
         FIG. 43 : Displays point a 5  to a 6  is related to the third moving bearing  30  from crank shaft  10 . 
         FIG. 44 : Displays point a 6  to a 7  is related to the forth fixed bearing  20  from crank shaft  10 . 
         FIG. 45 : Displays point a 7  to a 8  is related to the forth moving bearing  30  from crank shaft  10 . 
         FIG. 46 : Displays point a 8  to B is related to the fifth fixed bearing  20  from crank shaft  10 . 
     
    
    
     DESCRIPTION 
     In this design we can warn the driver if any contact takes place between bearings ( 20 ,  30  and  40 ) and crankshaft  10  and display it on the screen due to moving oil under pressure. Besides, we can exactly identify defected bearing which contacts to the crankshaft. In case of any contact between bearings and crankshaft, driver is warned by an indicator. 
     This invention is based on two processes: 
     A: Warns the driver right after the first connection between crankshaft and one of bearings 
     B: In the second phase the target is to identify the direct point of connection which helps the repairman to find defected bearing and replace it. 
     First we Describe Part A: 
     The most important reasons causing contact between crankshaft and bearings are: 
     1—Oil Low viscosity 
     2—Extra pressure on bearing while driving with low gear at low speed. 
     3—Small metal pieces between bearing and crankshaft 
     Normally we can classify the location of probable contact of crankshaft and either bearings or any other parts to the following groups: 
     1—Fixed bearings  20   
     2—Moving bearings  30   
     3—Side bearing parts  40   
     4—Aperture C 3  at one end of crankshaft  10  which is the location of gearbox shaft  50   
     5—From oil pump  60  and its chain  80   
     When a petrol engine is off, the crankshaft  10  is located on lower bearings due to its weight. As soon as the engine turns on: the oil pump  60  sends the oil under bearings with proper pressure. The oil has a wedge move so crankshaft  10  moves from its place and there is no contact between crankshaft  10  and bearings ( 20 ,  30  and  40 ) and floats on a layer of oil. In this time if we connect the body of vehicle and the crankshaft with an ohmmeter, there is no connection but if we do the same when the engine is off, we have connection with low resistance. 
     If the connection between crankshaft  10  and cylinder block  110  is through the oil pump  60  we can isolate the oil pump  60  from the body by putting some dielectric spacers under C 5  surfaces or we can insert a dielectric bushing in the middle of gears  70 . 
     In the first phase the target is to add an electrical circuit (using the difference between electrical resistances when the engine is off and on) which can exactly identify the contact between crankshaft  10  and parts  20 ,  30 ,  40 . 
     This device has 3 wires: 
     D 3 : Red wire to connect to anode of the car&#39;s battery. 
     D 2 : Black wire to connect to a cathode of the car&#39;s battery. 
     D 1 : White wire to connect to pulley  130  of crankshaft  10 . 
     On the LCD screen D 4  a schematic E 1  of crankshaft  10  is displayed and also under this picture message of “Contact of bearing with crankshaft” is designed E 2 . As is shown in the figures we connect D 3  and D 2  to anode and cathode of the car&#39;s battery. If we connect D 1  to the cathode the schematic E 1  of crankshaft  10  and the message “Contact of bearing with crankshaft” E 2  pops up on LCD screen D 4 . If we disconnect D 1  from the cathode, E 1  and E 2  will disappear. 
     In order to check this on an engine of a car (or any transportation means) with an intact crankshaft; red and black wires are connected to anode and cathode of a car&#39;s battery and the white wire is connected to the pulley screw  130  ( FIG. 31 ). This is accomplished using a platinum blade/eye F 2  as described later. In the center of pulley screw  130  we create a small part F 1  to hold the platinum blade F 2  as shown in  FIG. 32 . On the F 1  we put a platinum eye F 2  with a metal blade F 3  including a dielectric edged spacer F 4  and a simple dielectric spacer F 5  and finally a screw F 6  ( FIG. 34 ). 
     Metal blade F 3  is tightened to an oil reservoir by screw F 6 , spacers F 4  and F 5  so it is completely isolated from cylinder block  110 . Then white wire D 1  is connected to platinum blade F 2 . If the engine is off, connection between cathode and blade F 2  is through crankshaft  10 , fixed and moving bearings  20 ,  30  and block cylinder  110 . In this case we can see E 1  and E 2  displayed on the LCD screen D 4 . However if we start the engine we can&#39;t see schematic E 1  of crankshaft  10  and E 2  “contact of bearing and crankshaft” because a film of oil covers crankshaft and the connection between crankshaft  10  and bearings (fixed  20  and moving  30 ) and also side bearings  40  will be lost. 
     If for any reason there is a contact of crankshaft  10  with fixed bearings  20  and moving bearings  30  or side bearing  40 , we will have E 1  and E 2  on LCD D 4 . We can use this as a warning indicator for vehicles or any other equipped device with bearings. 
     Explanation about Part B: 
     In second phase the target is to make a device that identifies the contact point exactly on crankshaft  10 . This device helps the technician to find the contact point of defect (which bearing connected to crankshaft  10 ). For this reason we can use ohmic quantities. Suppose a circuit with 3 wires (D 1 , D 2  and D 3 ); two wires for connecting to the battery and the third one for connecting to crankshaft  10 . 
     The procedure is after the engine is turned on, the board&#39;s energy is supplied by battery. When we push the start button after T second a current (milliamp) passes through crankshaft  10 ; from crankshaft pulley center screw  130  by metal blade F 3 . At the same time voltage drop is read by an ADC port (not shown). If there is any contact between crankshaft  10  and body, the ohmic resistance and also exact location is shown on LCD D 4 . 
     To do this, the ohmic quantities for different points of crankshaft are pre-defined and saved in the device. So when the Ohm is measured it is easily compared with default values and the exact point of contact is found. 
     Conductors have electrical resistance which is related to their electrical length based on the following equation: 
                   R   =     ρ   ×     L   S               (   1   )               
After turning on the engine, the board will be supplied with positive voltage from positive pole of the Battery. At the same time with starting the engine (start board) after T seconds a little amount of electrical current (mA) is passed from crankshaft  10  (from the screw center of crankshaft pulley  130 ) and meanwhile the voltage drop is read from ADC micro port (not shown).
 
     If there&#39;s a contact between crankshaft  10  and body (bearings), the ohmic amount is shown on the LCD screen D 4  and also the exact point of contact is identified. For this reason the ohmic amount from different points of crankshaft  10  had already been measured and saved in the micro memory. When the ohm is measured, the numbers are compared with the saved ones and the exact point of contact is defined. 
     Schematic design of crankshaft  10  and means for measuring the point of contact
           140 : Current resource     150 : Relay     160 : Protector resistance     10 : Crankshaft       

     The crankshaft resistance is shown in the figures based on the length in different parts. Crankshaft  10  is divided into multiple sections to represent resistance of each one of fixed and moving bearings from point A to point B. These sections are named as follows: RAa 1 , RAa 2 , RAa 3 , RAa 4 , RAa 5 , RAa 6 , RAa 7 , RAa 8 , RAB. 
     Point A to a 1  is related to the first fixed bearing  20  of crankshaft from 10, whereas point a 1  to a 2  is related to the first moving bearing  30 . Therefore point a 2  to a 3  is related to the second fixed bearing  20  and point a 3  to a 4  is related to the second moving bearing  30  of crankshaft  10 . Point a 4  to a 5  is related to the third fixed bearing  20  and point a 5  to a 6  is related to the third moving bearing  30 ; whereas point a 6  to a 7  is related to the forth fixed bearing  20  and point a 7  to a 8  is related to the forth moving bearing  30  of crankshaft  10 . Same goes for point a 8  to B is related to the fifth fixed bearing  20 . 
     Any contact between crankshaft  10  and bearing in a 1  would pass through RAa 1  and appears as a voltage based on the following equation:
 
 VAa 1=is( RAa 1 +R )  (2)
 
     Change in voltage from point A to a 1  is due to resistance increment which is calculated by: 
     
       
         
           
             
               
                 
                   
                     RAa 
                     ⁢ 
                     
                         
                     
                     ⁢ 
                     1 
                   
                   = 
                   
                     ρ 
                     ⁢ 
                     
                       
                         Aa 
                         ⁢ 
                         
                             
                         
                         ⁢ 
                         1 
                         ⁢ 
                         
                           ( 
                           m 
                           ) 
                         
                       
                       S 
                     
                   
                 
               
               
                 
                   ( 
                   3 
                   ) 
                 
               
             
           
         
       
     
     This change is distinguished by analogue to digital micro controller converter (ADC) and is shown on LCD screen D 4 . VAa 1  is a defined value which is directly related to RAa 1  and this is dependent on the distance between a 1  to A. 
     Therefore for other points we have the same calculations:
 
 VAa 2= IS*RAa 2  VAa 2+ VR               ADC           Specified code for the first moving bearing
 
 VAa 3= IS*RAa 3  VAa 3+ VR             ADC           Specified code for the second fixed bearing
 
 VAa 4= IS*RAa 4  VAa 4+ VR             ADC           Specified code for the second moving bearing
 
 VAa 5= IS*RAa 5  VAa 5+ VR             ADC           Specified code for the third fixed bearing
 
 VAa 6= IS*RAa 6  VAa 6+ VR             ADC           Specified code for the third moving bearing
 
 VAa 7= IS*RAa 7  VAa 7+ VR             ADC           Specified code for the fourth fixed bearing
 
 VAa 8= IS*RAa 8  VAa 8+ VR             ADC           Specified code for the fourth moving bearing
 
 VAB=IS*RAB VAB+VR             ADC           Specified code for the fifth fixed bearing

     Now the following relations and voltages are defined for different points of crankshaft  10 : 
     RAa 1  is proportional with the distance between A to a 1 ; and VAa 1  is the voltage of this point. 
     RAa 2  is proportional with the distance between A to a 2 ; and VAa 2  is the voltage of this point. 
     RAa 3  is proportional with the distance between A to a 3 ; and VAa 3  is the voltage of this point. 
     RAa 4  is proportional with the distance between A to a 4 ; and VAa 4  is the voltage of this point. 
     RAa 5  is proportional with the distance between A to a 5 ; and VAa 5  is the voltage of this point. 
     RAa 6  is proportional with the distance between A to a 6 ; and VAa 6  is the voltage of this point 
     RAa 7  is proportional with the distance between A to a 7 ; and VAa 7  is the voltage of this point 
     RAa 8  is proportional with the distance between A to a 8 ; and VAa 8  is the voltage of this point 
     RAB is proportional with the distance between A to B; and VAB is the voltage of this point 
     The points are defined based on their resistance. So we can specify the points in this order. The purpose is to display and codify the distances in different names which from the front of the engine are categorized as: Fixed crank one; Moving crank one; Fixed crank between one and two; Moving crank two; Fixed crank between two and three; Fixed crank three; Fixed crank between three and four; Moving crank four; Fixed crank between four and flywheel (fixed five). 
     So we can show the contact points between crankshaft  10  and body by micro controller in both displaying and writing method on LCD screen D 4 . There is a possibility to sound and alarm or display flashing or solid light warnings to vehicle driver, diesel engine operator, ship engine operator, plane or any other device with crankshaft. 
     It is understood that the above description and drawings are illustrative of the present invention and that changes may be made in materials, method steps without departing from the scope of the present invention as defined in the following claims.