Abstract:
A method and to a device are provided for outputting information in a motor vehicle, in which as a function of an event visual and/or acoustic information is output to a driver of the motor vehicle. In order to achieve an improved choice of the suitable timing of the outputting of the information it is provided that the time between registering of the event and outputting of the information is set as a function of the orientation of the driver&#39;s head.

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION 
     This application claims priority to German Patent Application No. 10 2012 022 819.8, filed Nov. 17, 2012, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. 
     TECHNICAL FIELD 
     The technical field relates to methods and devices for outputting information in a motor vehicle, in which, as a function of an event, visual and/or acoustic information is output to a driver of the motor vehicle. 
     BACKGROUND 
     Methods and devices of the types mentioned at the outset are known in the prior art. For example, DE 199 51 001 A1 discloses a device for presenting information in a vehicle which serves to present information as a function of the viewing direction of the driver. The device disclosed there comprises a computer, a device for the visual and/or acoustic presentation, a device for the detection of the viewing direction of the driver and various data sources. The device for the detection of the viewing direction of the driver transmit the measured viewing direction of the driver to the computer, so that the computer transmits this viewing direction to the device for the visual and/or acoustic presentation, so that the presentation of information from the various data sources is faded into the field of vision of the driver. 
     DE 10 2005 0035 35 A1 discloses a method for the outputting of information by the device of visual or acoustic signaling devices, in particular in a vehicle, in which the viewing direction of an information recipient is detected and the information output is controlled as a function of the detected viewing direction. The information is displayed on the visual signaling device only if the information recipient looks at this signaling device. The information is only output with the acoustic signaling devices when the information recipient looks at a region in the vehicle defined for activating the respective information output. 
     For outputting acoustic or visual information, the known prior art merely takes into account the viewing direction of the driver. This is helpful in order to estimate if the driver is at all able to perceive the information, in particular in the case of visual information. However, the known prior art cannot take into account if the driver is actually able to comprehend the reason for the outputting of the information. This does not only depend on the viewing direction of the driver but also at what the driver&#39;s attention happens to be directed at that time. Such information is frequently output in order to inform or warn regarding events that take place outside the vehicle. 
     In view of the foregoing, at least one object is to improve the methods and devices for outputting information mentioned at the outset to the effect that a more target-oriented output of information is possible, which can better inform the driver than existing methods and devices. In addition, other objects, desirable features and characteristics will become apparent from the subsequent summary and detailed description, and the appended claims, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and this background. 
     SUMMARY 
     The method for outputting information in a motor vehicle according to an embodiment provides that as a function of an event, visual and/or acoustic information is output to a driver of the motor vehicle. Here, it is provided that the time between registering of the event and outputting of the information is adjusted as a function of the orientation of the driver&#39;s head. Consequently, when an event is registered by suitable device in the motor vehicle which justifies outputting information to the driver, the orientation of the driver&#39;s head is initially established according to the method and as a function of the orientation, a corresponding time delay pending the information output set. 
     Should, for example, a certain event take place left of the motor vehicle and the driver&#39;s head is oriented to the left, it is sufficient to inform the driver about the event only at a comparatively late stage. If the driver&#39;s head however is turned to the right at the time of the event, an earlier information output is practical for drivers can usually react in a more target-oriented manner when they have perceived the event visually as well. Thus, the driver is given more time to locate and register the relevant event in order to take suitable measures thereafter. The embodiment makes use of the discovery that not only the position of the eyes but substantially the position of the driver&#39;s head is an objective parameter for the current object of the driver&#39;s attention. 
     According to a first possible further embodiment of the method it can be provided that the event comprises a traffic event that occurs outside the vehicle. Such a traffic event can for example be an approaching other motor vehicle or such which is on a collision course with one&#39;s own motor vehicle. Such events occur frequently when changing lanes, during which another motor vehicle is located in a blind spot or also at intersections, at which other motor vehicles pass the respective other road. In moving traffic, undershooting an, if applicable speed, dependent minimum distance between a vehicle travelling ahead and the respective vehicle or a following vehicle and the respective vehicle can also trigger a corresponding event. 
     According to a further embodiment of the method it can be provided that the event comprises an activity of the driver. Such an activity can for example be the initiating of a lane change, which other motor vehicles can detect among other things by the indicating or by the approaching of a lane boundary. In such an event, a suitably equipped system can detect if the driver intends a lane change and can check the relevant traffic on the new lane and output a warning to the driver if applicable. Further application possibilities are lane-keeping assistants and the like. According to a further embodiment it can be provided that the items of information are warning signals. 
     In a further embodiment it can be provided that the outputting of the information in the vehicle is spatially coupled to the location of the event. If the event for example takes place to the left or right of the motor vehicle, visual and/or acoustic information can preferably also originate from the left or right. If the event causing the outputting of information occurs in front of or behind the motor vehicle, the relevant visual and/or acoustic information can likewise be arranged in front of or behind the driver. In particular, when outputting acoustic information, the driver is thus rapidly provided with information as to the direction he should focus his attention on. 
     According to a further embodiment it can be provided that the orientation of the driver&#39;s head is detected with an optical detection device. Such optical detection devices are frequently already provided in later-model motor vehicles for other purposes, for example as part of a fatigue warning system. The method can then be realized in the motor vehicle with relatively low material expenditure. 
     According to a further embodiment it can be provided that the time between registering of the event and outputting of the information is set as a function of the movement of the driver&#39;s head. Then, not only is the static orientation of the driver&#39;s head, but also the dynamic movement of the driver&#39;s head taken into account. Should the driver for example just happen to turn his head to the right while an event triggering an information output occurs to the left hand side of the vehicle, the information output can be carried out with a delay that is shorter than usual in order to give the driver sufficient time to comprehend the situation. Should the driver already turn his head to the left during the event, it is sufficient to initiate the relevant information output later on, i.e., in a more delayed manner. 
     According to a further embodiment it can be provided that the speed of a head rotation of the driver is taken into account. The head rotation can for example be carried out through comparison of successive images in which a respective head position of the driver is detectable. The speed of the rotation can then be determined from the images using a suitable algorithm. 
     According to a further embodiment it can be provided that the time between registering of the event and outputting of the information is set as a function of the viewing direction of the driver. In this case, the viewing direction of the driver is also taken into account besides the orientation of the driver&#39;s head. It is thus conceivable that although the driver has turned his head in a direction, but has already cast his eyes in the other direction. This can be utilized for setting or precision-setting the appropriate timing for outputting the information. 
     According to a further embodiment it can be provided that the time between registering of the event and outputting of the information is set as a function of the type of the event. For this purpose, the events can for example be classified, in the case of a collision warner for example based on the distance or the relevant speed of the vehicles which are on a collision course. 
     According to a further embodiment it can be provided that the output intensity is set from the orientation of the head, the movement of the head, the viewing direction of the driver and/or the type of the event. Thus, the risk of a possible confusion of the driver is reduced and an appropriate information output can be achieved. The intensity, in the case of an acoustic output, can for example be the volume, the pitch of the tone and/or the type of the tone or the tone sequence or of the noise, in the case of a visual output for example via the brightness, color, flashing frequency or type of the display. 
     A device is also provided for carrying out a method for outputting information in a motor vehicle with a device for outputting visual and/or acoustic information to a driver of the motor vehicle as a function of an event. A device is provided in order to set the time between registering of the event and outputting of the information as a function of the orientation of a driver&#39;s head. To this end, a device is provided in order to detect the orientation of the driver&#39;s head. 
     According to an embodiment it can be provided that the device for detecting a traffic event that occurs outside the vehicle is present, with a corresponding detection. According to a further embodiment, a device is provided for detecting an activity of the driver. 
     According to a further possible embodiment, a device can be provided which spatially couples the outputting of the information to the location of the event. According to a further embodiment, an optical detection device can be provided with the help of which the orientation of the driver&#39;s head is detected. 
     According to a further embodiment, a device can be provided which sets the time between registering of the event and outputting of the information as a function of the movement of the driver&#39;s head. To this end, a device is provided in order to detect the movement of the driver&#39;s head. This device can for example be indicated through the previously described detection device. 
     According to a further embodiment, a device for detecting the viewing direction of the driver can be provided, and a device in order to set the time between registering of the event and outputting of the information as a function of the detected viewing direction. 
     According to a further embodiment, a device for detecting the type of the event can be provided, so that with the device for setting the time delay the relevant delay time can be set taking into account the type of the event. 
     According to a further embodiment it can be provided that a device for adjusting the intensity of the outputting of the information makes adjustments as function of the orientation of the head, of the movement of the head, of the viewing direction of the driver and/or of the type of the event. 
     A device is also provided for outputting information in a motor vehicle, with at least one sensor for detecting an event, a visual and/or acoustic information outputting device and a control device, with which the at least one sensor and the visual and/or acoustic information outputting device are coupled. 
     According to another embodiment, a device is provided for detecting the orientation of a driver&#39;s head that is coupled to the control device. The control device is designed in such a manner that the time between detecting the event and outputting the information is dependent on the orientation of the driver&#39;s head. For this purpose, the control device can for example comprise a delay circuit or a corresponding delay programming which as a function of the incoming information sets a corresponding time between detecting of the event and outputting of the information. With the help of the device, outputting of information that is adapted to a situation can be achieved, which takes into account the driving state of a relevant vehicle and the relevant circumstances relating to the driver. 
     According to another embodiment, a device is provided for detecting the viewing direction of the driver. In addition to the orientation, the viewing direction of the driver can thereby be additionally taken into account, as a result of which the information output can take place in an even more target-oriented manner. Thus, a visual display can for example be omitted if such is not situated in the field of vision of the driver. 
     According to a further embodiment it can be provided that the device for detecting the orientation of the driver&#39;s head and/or of the viewing direction of the driver is an interior camera. Such an interior camera is provided in some vehicles anyhow and can then be further used for the relevant device. 
     According to a further possible embodiment, the information outputting device can comprise at least one loudspeaker as an acoustic information outputting device and/or at least one visual display as visual information outputting device. 
     According to a first possible embodiment, a driver assistance system can be provided, which is coupled to the control device. At least one sensor is part of the driver assistance system. Accordingly, the device can also be designed as a driver assistance system. 
     According to another embodiment, the driver assistance system can comprise a lane changing assistant, an intersection assistant and/or a fatigue warner. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       The present invention will hereinafter be described in conjunction with the following drawing figures, wherein like numerals denote like elements, and: 
         FIG. 1  is a top view of a motor vehicle according to an embodiment; 
         FIG. 2  is a flow diagram of the method according to an embodiment; 
         FIG. 3  is typical traffic situation; and 
         FIG. 4  is typical traffic situation. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     The following detailed description is merely exemplary in nature and is not intended to limit application and uses. Furthermore, there is no intention to be bound by any theory presented in the preceding background or summary or the following detailed description. 
       FIG. 1  shows a motor vehicle  2  according to an embodiment. The motor vehicle  2  is driven by a driver with a head  4 . In  FIG. 1 , the driver currently turns his head  4  to the right, as indicated by the arrow. The motor vehicle  2  comprises an information device  6 , the components of which are frame in interrupted lines. 
     A central component of the information device  6  is a control device  8 , which processes and controls the incoming signals and information to be output. The control device  8  is connected to a plurality of sensors for detecting events that occur round about the motor vehicle  2 , for example with blind spot sensors  10 . 1 ,  10 . 2  and a front sensor  12 , which is able to detect the distance of motor vehicles travelling ahead and/or laterally approaching motor vehicles. The information device  6 , furthermore, is equipped with information outputting devices, for example loudspeakers  14 . 1 ,  14 . 2  and a visual display  16 . 
     For detecting the orientation O of the driver&#39;s head  4 , an interior camera  18  is provided. With the help of the interior camera  18 , the movement B of the driver&#39;s head  4  and the viewing direction V of the driver can be detected in addition to the orientation of the driver&#39;s head. The movement B of the head  4  can for example be carried out through comparison of two successive images recorded with the interior camera  18 . The movement B of the driver&#39;s head  4  can also be a rotary movement to the left or the right for example. 
     The information device  6  is configured in such a manner that it can detect both the direction of the movement B as well as the speed of the movement B. The recording range of the interior camera  18  is large enough in order to detect the driver&#39;s head  4 , which is represented by the corresponding funnel. 
     The method according to the invention is explained with the help of  FIG. 2 . In a first step  30 , a head movement B of the driver&#39;s head  4  is registered. In a next step  32  it is checked if the head  4  is turned correspondingly far and correspondingly fast. For example it could be checked if the head was turned by more than approximately 25° within approximately 200 ms. 
     If this is affirmed by the device  6 , which is represented by a plus, the control device  8  checks if there is a danger situation. For this purpose, it is enquired if the sensors  10 . 1 ,  10 . 2  and  12  detect corresponding movements occurring outside the vehicle. If this is not the case, step  30  is repeated. If it is determined in step  34  that there is a danger situation, step  36  is initiated, while the method returns to step  30  if there is no danger situation. In step  36  it is checked if the head movement is in the direction of the danger or away from it. If it is in the direction of the danger, which is represented by a plus, step  38  is initiated, according to which information is output in a normal time. If this is negated, in other words if the driver swivels his head  4  away from the danger situation, step  40  is initiated, according to which warning is carried out earlier and more intensively, i.e., for example louder or with brighter light or with other tones or visual signals. 
     Following the steps  38  or  40 , the method returns to step  30 . The steps  34  and  30 ,  32  can be alternatively switched in their sequence within the scope of the invention, so that it is initially checked if there is a danger situation or another event and the orientation O of the driver&#39;s head  4  is subsequently checked. 
       FIG. 3  and  FIG. 4  show different danger situations.  FIG. 3  shows a situation, in which the driver of the motor vehicle  2  initiates a lane change, which he signals through swivel movements and/or by indicating. At the same time, the orientation of the driver&#39;s head  4  however is such that he is unable to perceive a danger which threatens to the left of the motor vehicle through a faster travelling motor vehicle  50 . This is detected with the help of the blind spot sensor  10 . 1  and processed with the information device  6 , so that the driver who happens to be looking in the other direction can be timely and intensively warned of a possible collision with the motor vehicle  50 . 
       FIG. 4  shows a situation at an intersection, in which the motor vehicle  2  is on a collision course at an intersection with the motor vehicle  50  travelling transversely thereto. With the help of the front sensor  12 , which in this case serves as part of an intersection assistant, the motor vehicle  50  can be timely detected and the driver who is looking away from the danger can be suitably warned at an early stage. 
     While at least one exemplary embodiment has been presented in the foregoing summary and detailed description, it should be appreciated that a vast number of variations exist. It should also be appreciated that the exemplary embodiment or exemplary embodiments are only examples, and are not intended to limit the scope, applicability, or configuration in any way. Rather, the foregoing summary and detailed description will provide those skilled in the art with a convenient road map for implementing an exemplary embodiment, it being understood that various changes may be made in the function and arrangement of elements described in an exemplary embodiment without departing from the scope as set forth in the appended claims and their legal equivalents.