Abstract:
A fish tape reel has an ergonomic center handle disposed across the center opening of an annular, high-drop strength housing that defines a cavity containing a fish tape cassette. The interior of the cavity can have rib-like friction reducers against which the fish tape slides. Flat metal fish tape is wound around a hub of the cassette with one end secured to the cassette and the opposite end fed through an exit aperture of the housing. The cassette is rotatably mounted in the housing cavity by a retaining ring sonically welded to the housing. A handle mounted to the cassette facilitates rotating the cassette relative to the housing for winding and unwinding the fish tape. The ergonomic handle is positioned generally along a vertically center line of the housing in position for grasping with a straight wrist when winding and unwinding the fish tape.

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION  
       [0001]     This application claims benefit to U.S. provisional application Ser. No. 60/493,670, filed Aug. 8, 2003. 
     
    
     STATEMENT OF FEDERALLY SPONSORED RESEARCH OR DEVELOPMENT  
       [0002]     Not applicable.  
       BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION  
       [0003]     1. Technical Field  
         [0004]     The present invention relates to fish tapes of the type used by electricians to pull wire through conduit or other spaces, and more particularly to the fish tape reel assembly.  
         [0005]     2. Description of the Related Art  
         [0006]     A fish tape is a stiff but bendable wire, flexible rod or flat tape typically used to install wire in conduit, through existing walls, under carpet, over dropped ceilings, or through other tight spaces. Because typical electrical wire is very flexible, pushing it through long lengths of conduit is virtually impossible. Pulling wire along the desired path is much more effective. In order to pull the wire, a fish tape, being more rigid than electrical wire, is first pushed along the desired path. Once an end of the fish tape reaches the end of the desired path, the electrical wire is attached to the fish tape end, and the fish tape is retrieved which pulls the wire with it.  
         [0007]     The fish tape is typically coiled inside of a reel assembly. For example U.S. Pat. No. 4,092,780 has a generally annular tape receiving chamber bounded at its periphery by a pair of opposed lips, which separate to permit winding and unwinding of the fish tape in the chamber. A handle having a tape passage is mounted between the lips, which provides passage of the tape out of and into the receiving chamber. This reel arrangement makes it somewhat difficult to wind and unwind the tape. Given the relative rigid and springy characteristics of the fish tape, coiling the fish tape can require significant force and can be time consuming and frustrating, particularly if the tape binds inside of the reel. Moreover, initial assembly or reattachment of the fish tape to the reel may require the reel to be disassembled in order to anchor one end of the tape to an interior wall. And, once the tape coiled in the chamber the reel must be assembled (or reassembled) without the coil coming undone.  
         [0008]     U.S. Pat. No. 6,224,038 provides a solution to the winding and assembly difficulties associated with conventional fish tape reels, as in the above mentioned patent. In this patent, the fish tape is contained in a cassette that loads easily into the main body of the reel. The cassette has its own handle for rotating the cassette relative to the reel body and thereby wind and unwind the tape. While this design provides significant benefits over other conventional fish tape reels, it lack ergonomic features that make it comfortable to operate.  
         [0009]     One common problem with conventional fish tape reels is that the handle, as in U.S. Des. Pat. No. D408,749, is ordinarily a carrying handle for transporting the reel to and from a job site, for example, rather than being something to grip and brace the reel when unwinding, and especially, when winding the fish tape.  
         [0010]     U.S. Pat. No. 6,016,609 discloses a purportedly ergonomic fish tape reel with a “pistol grip” handle. The pistol grip handle is beneficial because it permits the user to grasp the reel during the winding and unwinding processes with the user&#39;s wrist generally straight and in line with the forearm, thereby reducing strain on the user&#39;s wrist. However, the disclosed reel coils the fish tape in a cavity located horizontally behind the handle such that the reel would tend to cock back under the force of gravity and forces generated during the winding and unwinding processes such that user&#39;s wrist will have to overcome these forces, thereby straining the user&#39;s wrist.  
         [0011]     U.S. Pat. No. 2,743,884 discloses a different approach to aiding the user in the winding process. In particular, this patent discloses a threader element that fits in the chamber between the opposite sides of the reel. The threader has an elongated body with a passageway through which the fish tape feeds into and out of the reel and a forward leaning handle extending up from the body. The threader is held fixed by the user and the rest of the reel is rotated by hand to wind the fish tape. The threader extends as a chord across an upper interior part of the reel diameter. By virtue of the force of gravity moving the reel downward and the spring force of the fish tape biasing the threader upward, the threader will assume this position during use almost in variably, with only slight difference in relative position. This location, in which the handle of the threader is positioned at a front side of the reel, is disadvantageous because the weight of the reel will tend to cause the wrist to cock backward, especially when winding the fish tape.  
       SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION  
       [0012]     The present invention is a fish tape reel assembly with a center handle design for holding the device in an ergonomic manner when winding and unwinding the fish tape.  
         [0013]     In particular, the present invention provides an ergonomic fish tape reel assembly having a housing for a rotating fish tape cassette. The housing has a back wall and outer and inner peripheral walls extending axially from the back wall to define an outward facing annular cavity disposed about a central opening concentric with a center axis and bounded by the inner peripheral wall. A reel handle extends from the housing across the center opening. The cassette is rotatably mounted in the annular cavity for rotation about the center axis. It has an axially extending hub about which the fish tape is wound and a radially extending annular outer wall to which is mounted a cassette handle for manually rotating the cassette about the center axis relative to the housing. One end of the fish tape is secured to the cassette and an opposite end extends outside of the cassette through an exit aperture of the housing.  
         [0014]     In preferred forms, the reel handle has a pistol grip configuration for grasping the reel assembly with an essentially straight wrist. The reel handle should have a grippable surface at least about three inches in length to allow all four fingers to grasp the reel handle comfortably. The reel handle preferably extends across the center opening along a slightly curved path essentially along a vertical center line of the housing so as to be somewhat concave toward a forward side of the center line where the exit aperture of the housing is located directing the fish tape along a feed direction essentially perpendicular to the reel handle. The grippable surface of the reel handle is a convex surface, preferably being a closed curvilinear path, such as circular or elliptical in cross-section.  
         [0015]     The cassette is preferably rotatably mounted in the cavity of the housing by a retaining ring. The retaining ring has an axially extending inner peripheral wall that is sonically welded to the inner peripheral wall of the housing, and it has a radially extending annular outer wall disposed in an annular, outward facing recess of the outer wall of the cassette so as to overlap the outer wall of the cassette without inhibiting rotation of the cassette. The cassette handle is mounted to the outer wall of the cassette to extend axially parallel to the center axis so that the cassette can be rotated easily with one hand while the housing is supported by the reel handle. The fish tape is guided along the feed direction by a passageway in the housing extending tangentially from the annular cavity to the exit aperture.  
         [0016]     The reel handle and the housing are preferably molded of an impact modified plastic as a monolithic structure. The cassette and retaining ring are separately molded impact modified plastic components, and the fish tape is a flat metal tape. The housing and retaining ring are preferably permanently joined using a sonic welding technique. The combination of the impact plastic and the sonic welding gives a preferred version of the assembly an improved drop strength compared to other fish tape devices on the market. Damage-free drops from heights of up to 24 feet on various hard surfaces have been achieved. Other fish tape devices having mechanical fasteners joining the housing parts can have significantly reduced drop strength, in some cases being unable to sustain falls from one-half the aforesaid height.  
         [0017]     Another preferred feature of the fish tape reel assembly of the present invention is at least one friction reducing member to reduce sliding friction as the fish tape moves relative to the housing. The friction reducing member is preferably located at an interior (generally axial) surface of the outer peripheral wall of the housing against which the fish tape is biased by its spring rate when wound in the cassette. The friction reducing member should define a contact area with the fish tape of less then the surface area of the outer peripheral wall of the housing. In one preferred form, there are a plurality of radially inwardly extending rib-like members spaced apart along the interior surface of the outer peripheral wall of the housing. The ribs can be formed integrally with the housing and can have a smooth convex surface essentially providing a thin, preferably line contact, contact surface with the fish tape to ease sliding. This reduces the force needed to wind and unwind the fish tape, and thereby the strain on the user.  
         [0018]     These and still other advantages of the invention will be apparent from the detailed description and drawings. What follows is a preferred embodiment of the present invention. To assess the full scope of the invention the claims should be looked to as the preferred embodiment is not intended as the only embodiment within the scope of the invention. 
     
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS  
       [0019]      FIG. 1  is a front perspective view of an ergonomic center handle fish tape reel assembly according to the present invention;  
         [0020]      FIG. 2  is a rear perspective view thereof;  
         [0021]      FIG. 3  is an exploded front perspective view thereof;  
         [0022]      FIG. 4  is a reverse exploded rear perspective view thereof;  
         [0023]      FIG. 5  is a front plan view thereof;  
         [0024]      FIG. 6  is a rear plan view thereof;  
         [0025]      FIG. 7  is a sectional view of the reel assembly taken along line  7 - 7  of  FIG. 6 ;  
         [0026]      FIG. 8  is an end view of the reel assembly;  
         [0027]      FIG. 9  is a sectional view taken along line  9 - 9  of  FIG. 8  showing the fish tape wound inside of a fish tape cassette of the reel assembly; and  
         [0028]      FIG. 10  is an enlarged partial sectional view taken along arc  10 - 10  of  FIG. 9  detailing anchoring of an end of the fish tape to the cassette. 
     
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT  
       [0029]     Referring to  FIGS. 1-2 ,  5 - 6  and  8 , a fish tape reel assembly  20  has a housing  22  with an annular cavity  24  formed therein, and an integral reel handle  26 . A fish tape cassette  28  is mounted in the cavity  24  so as to be rotatable about a center axis  29 . The cassette  28  contains fish tape  30  and has a cassette handle  32 . A user rotates the cassette  28  to deploy or retrieve the tape  30 . Preferably, the housing  22  and cassette  28  are formed from molded plastic, such as impact modified ABS, using methods known in the art, such as injection molding.  
         [0030]     Referring now to  FIGS. 3, 4  and  7 , the housing  22  receives the cassette  28  in the annular cavity  24 , which is defined by a generally annular, and somewhat outwardly tapering back wall  33  and inner  34  and outer  36  peripheral walls extending substantially parallel to the center axis  29 . The outer peripheral wall  36  extends slightly further in the axial direction than the inner peripheral wall  34 . As shown in  FIGS. 4, 7  and  9 , a plurality of friction reducing ribs  37  are formed integrally with an interior surface of the outer peripheral wall  36  to reduce sliding friction as the fish tape  30  moves relative to the housing  20  as it is wound and unwound. The ribs  37  are located at the outer peripheral wall  36  because the spring rate of the fish tape  30  tends to bias it radially outward when wound in the cassette  28 . The ribs  37  define a contact area with the fish tape  30  of less then the surface area of the outer peripheral wall  36 , thereby reducing friction. In the preferred form shown, the ribs  37  define a smooth, convex surface extending radially inward. The convex surface essentially provides a thin, preferably line contact, contact surface with the fish tape  30 , again to minimize sliding friction as the fish tape  30  is wound and unwound. The resulting reduction in the force needed to wind and unwind the fish tape reduces the strain on the user. While integral, convex ribs have been shown and described herein, it should be noted that one or more separate or integral friction reducers of different configuration may be used, provided the sliding friction is less than it otherwise would have been between the fish tape  30  and the outer peripheral wall  36 . One or more elements made of a more lubricious material or having a lesser contact surface area can be used to achieve this goal.  
         [0031]     The housing  22  also defines a generally triangular head section  38 , in part defined by the outer peripheral wall  36 , through which a passageway  40  extends tangentially from the annular cavity  24  to an exit aperture  42  which guides the fish tape along the intended feed direction.  
         [0032]     The housing  22  has an integral reel handle  26  extending across the circular opening  44  at the interior of the inner peripheral wall  34  generally along a vertical center line  46  of the reel assembly  20 . More specifically, the reel handle  26  arches somewhat to be axially offset from the back wall  33  of the housing  22 . The reel handle  26  is also ergonomically contoured along its length so as to be somewhat concave toward the forward side of the center line  46  at which the exit aperture  42  of the housing  22  is disposed, being generally convex at the opposite side. The reel handle  26  is generally round (circular, elliptical, etc.) in cross-section and defined by a plurality of spaced apart ribs  48  formed to reduce the material required to form the reel handle  26  without significantly reducing its structural integrity. The length of the reel handle  26 , at least within the inner peripheral wall  34  of the housing  22 , should be sufficient to allow the reel handle  26  to be grasped comfortably between all four fingers and the palm. This distance is generally about 4-5 inches and preferably at least about 3 inches.  
         [0033]     The contour, length and location on the housing  22  all contribute to making the reel handle  26  ergonomic and comfortable to hold when using the device. The reel handle  26  is disposed along the vertical center line  46  of the housing  22  as oriented when the user grasps the handle with one hand having a straight wrist and forearm, generally parallel to the horizon as well as the feed direction of the fish tape  30 . Holding the reel assembly  20  in this way reduces strain on the wrist and hand. And, since the reel handle  26  is generally along the vertical center line  46  the weight of the reel assembly  20  is generally distributed evenly about the user&#39;s hand such that the reel assembly  20  does not tend to bend or cock back the user&#39;s wrist under gravity with the user&#39;s wrist in a generally straight, horizontal position. Moreover, as will be described below, the fish tape  30  is wound into the cassette  28 , in a counter-clockwise direction viewed from the face of the cassette  28 , such that the force required to wind the fish tape  30  will tend to seat the reel handle  26  straight back into the user&#39;s palm, rather than away or at an angle thereto. This helps the user to maintain a firm grip without undue strain.  
         [0034]     As shown in  FIG. 9 , the fish tape  30  is fed into the passageway  40  when the cassette  28  is mounted into the cavity  24 , and it exits through the exit aperture  42  when the fish tape  30  is unwound from the cassette  28 . By guiding the fish tape  30  along a feed direction substantially perpendicular to the reel handle  26  and parallel to the ground and the user&#39;s forearm less twisting torque is realized by the user&#39;s hand and wrist, thereby further contributing to the ergonomic attributes of the reel handle  26 .  
         [0035]     Referring now to  FIGS. 2-4 ,  7  and  9 , the cassette  28  is rotatably mounted in the housing cavity  24 , preferably with the fish tape  30  wound thereon. The cassette  28  includes an annular outer wall  50  with a recess  52  adjacent an axially extending inner peripheral wall  54 , about which the fish tape  30  is wound, which fits just inside of the inner peripheral wall  34  of the housing  22  so as to enclose the cavity  24  of the housing  22 . The outer wall  50  also includes an integral mounting post  56  extending axially in a direction away from the housing  22  on which the cassette handle  32  mounts in a snap fit, as shown in  FIG. 7 . The cassette  28  is retained in the housing cavity  24  by a retaining ring  58  with an annular wall  60  disposed in the recess  52  so as to be generally flush with the outer wall  50  of the cassette  28 . The retaining ring  58  also has an inner peripheral wall  62  of the same inner diameter and extending axially to abut the inner peripheral wall  34  of the housing  22  to which is permanently fixed to the housing  22 , as shown in  FIG. 7 . The retaining ring  58  is sized so as retain the cassette  28  without inhibiting its rotation within the annular cavity  24 . The housing  22 , cassette  28  and retaining ring  58  are separately molded impact modified plastic components. The housing  22  and retaining ring  58  are preferably permanently joined using a sonic welding technique. In particular, the inner peripheral wall  62  of the retaining ring  58  abuts and is fused to the inner peripheral wall  34  of the housing  22 , again as shown in  FIG. 7 .  
         [0036]     The combination of the impact plastic and the sonic welding gives a preferred version of the assembly an improved drop strength compared to other fish tape devices on the market. Damage-free drops from heights of up to 24 feet on various hard surfaces have been achieved. Other fish tape devices having mechanical fasteners joining the housing parts can have significantly reduced drop strength, in some cases being unable to sustain falls from one-half the distance from which the present device can be dropped.  
         [0037]     The fish tape  30  is preferably an elongated flat metal or fiberglass tape wrapped around the cassette  28 . Although a flat tape is preferred, any shaped tape, such as a round tape, may be used without departing from the scope of the present invention. Referring to  FIGS. 3, 9  and  10 , at the interior of the inner peripheral wall  58  of the cassette  28  is anchor feature  70  for securing one end  72  of the fish tape  30  to the cassette to prevent it from completely slipping out of the reel assembly  20 . The fish tape end  72  is bent backward in a U-shape and looped around the anchor  70 . A wall  74  spaced close to the anchor  70  prevents the fish tape  30  from slipping off of the anchor  70 . A free end  76  of the fish tape  30  extends from the exit aperture  42  and has an enlarged end piece  78  affixed thereto, or is bent in some way, to prevent the free end  76  from entering the interior of the housing  22 .  
         [0038]     In use, the fish tape  30  is dispensed from the cassette  28  by pulling the free end  76  away from the housing  22 . The free end  76  of the fish tape  30  is guided along the desired path by the user. The fish tape  30  is wound back onto the cassette  28  by grasping the reel handle  26  with, for example, a left hand and holding the reel assembly  20  generally stationary with the wrist held straight and the forearm parallel to the ground. Then, the cassette handle  32  is grasped with the other hand and moved in a circular path in a winding direction, which is preferably bringing the cassette handle  32  toward the user&#39;s body at the top of the stroke, counterclockwise in the drawings.  
         [0039]     It should be appreciated that merely a preferred embodiment of the invention has been described above. However, many modifications and variations to the preferred embodiment will be apparent to those skilled in the art, which will be within the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention should not be limited to the described embodiment. To ascertain the full scope of the invention, the following claims should be referenced.