Abstract:
Disclosed is a signal processor includes a contents receiver receiving or storing contents of stream data, a characteristic extracting unit extracting a prescribed amount of characteristic of the contents received by the contents receiver, a detector detecting viewing time or hearing time for the contents received by the contents receiver, and a processor calculating information on a viewing status or hearing status of the contents determined based on an extraction status of the amount of characteristic extracted by the characteristic extracting unit and the viewing time or hearing time for the contents, and outputting the calculated information on the viewing status or hearing status of the contents.

Description:
CROSS REFERENCES TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
       [0001]    The present invention contains subject matter related to Japanese Patent Application JP 2007-326354 filed in the Japanese Patent Office on Dec. 18, 2007, the entire contents of which being incorporated herein by reference. 
       BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
       [0002]    1. Field of the Invention 
         [0003]    The invention relates to a signal processor, a signal processing method suitable for applying the method to control of displaying contents of stream data on an image display apparatus, and a computer program to which the signal processing method is applied, and a recording medium on which such computer program is recorded. 
         [0004]    2. Description of the Related Art 
         [0005]    Telop (the term “telop” indicates text superimposed on the screen) is often superimposed on the screen of image contents such as a television program broadcasted on the television. The contents of the images are often described using the telop. For example, in a news program, the contents of the images may be described by superimposing the telop on the lower side of the screen on television. The contents of images on a program other than the news program are also described by superimposing the telop on the screen. 
         [0006]    In viewing such one-hour image program, a user or viewer usually consumes one hour for viewing the image program. If the user intends to consume less time than one hour for viewing such program, the user usually carries out fast-forward reproduction using a remote controller. However, some users may sometimes intend to fast-forward one content of the program to the next once having checked the content of the program with text of telop. Conversely, some other users may intend to view the program, the screen of which the telop is superimposed, without conducting fast-forward reproduction of the program. Further, time consumed to read and understand the gist of the contents of the program via the telop may largely differ between individuals when users read and understand the telop that describes contents of the program. 
         [0007]    Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2007-184962 discloses technology for facilitates understanding the gist of contents of search images while reproducing the search images. In this technology, a signal indicating the presence of telop is recorded on a recording medium, so that the presence of telop in the search images is easily searched. 
       SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
       [0008]    As described above, it seems difficult to determine how long it is to be optimal duration in displaying image contents to viewers in general. Specifically, when the images, contents of which a viewer can grasp easily, are displayed using telop, display duration of the telop may be too long for viewers. It is also difficult to determine how fast it is to be optimal duration to present audio sound of image contents to audience. 
         [0009]    According to embodiments of the invention, viewers or audience can optimally read and hear the image contents of the program or the like and the audio sound thereof. 
         [0010]    The embodiment of the invention includes a contents receiver receiving or storing contents of stream data, a characteristic extracting unit extracting a prescribed amount of characteristic of the contents received by the contents receiver, and a detector detecting viewing time or hearing time for the contents received by the contents receiver. The embodiments of the invention further includes a processor calculating information on a viewing status or hearing status of the contents determined based on an extraction status of the amount of characteristic extracted by the characteristic extracting unit and the viewing time or hearing time, and outputting the calculated information on the viewing status or hearing status of the contents. 
         [0011]    With the embodiment, the information on the viewing status or hearing status of the image contents is output, and the viewing status or hearing status of the image contents can be specified by the output information on the viewing status or hearing status of the image contents. 
         [0012]    According to the embodiments of the invention, the information on the viewing status or hearing status of the image contents is created and output, and then the viewing status or hearing status of the image contents can be specified utilizing the output information on the viewing status or hearing status of the image contents. Thus, since the reproduction of the image contents can be controlled based on the output information, a user can view or hear the image or audio sound of the contents reproduced in an optimal condition. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0013]      FIG. 1  is a block diagram illustrating an example of an overall configuration according to one embodiment of the invention. 
           [0014]      FIG. 2  is an explanatory diagram illustrating a system configuration example according to one embodiment of the invention. 
           [0015]      FIG. 3  is a flowchart illustrating an overall processing according to one embodiment of the invention. 
           [0016]      FIG. 4  is a flowchart illustrating a determination processing example of whether to have identical information frames according to one embodiment of the invention. 
           [0017]      FIG. 5  is a flowchart illustrating an image analyzing processing according to one embodiment of the invention. 
           [0018]      FIG. 6  is a flowchart illustrating an estimating processing of required viewing time according to one embodiment of the invention. 
           [0019]      FIG. 7  is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of a table according to one embodiments of the invention. 
           [0020]      FIG. 8  is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of another table (categorical example) according to another embodiment of the invention. 
           [0021]      FIG. 9  is an explanatory diagram illustrating a system configuration example according to still another embodiment of the invention. 
       
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
       [0022]    Preferred embodiments of the invention will now be described with reference to accompanying drawings. 
         [0023]    An overall system configuration is described with reference to  FIG. 1 . A system of the embodiment of the invention includes an image reproducing apparatus  10  that is connected to a display apparatus  20  such that images of image contents reproduced by the image reproducing apparatus  10  are displayed on the display apparatus  20 . The image reproducing apparatus  10  includes a remote controlling signal receiver  18   a  that receives remote controlling signals transmitted by a transmitter  31  of a remote controller  30 . The remote controller  30  includes a key  32  as an operation unit, and a user M operates the key  32  of the remote controller  30  so as to carry out various kinds of operation, such as to start reproducing, fast-forward, and stop the image contents. 
         [0024]    Next, an internal configuration of the image reproducing apparatus  10  will be described with reference to  FIG. 2 . The image reproducing apparatus  10  includes a information recording unit  11  that records and reproduces the image contents received by a receiver  19 . The image contents in this embodiment imply stream data, which specifically indicates dynamic image signals and audio signals. An example of the information recording unit  11  includes a mass-storage device such as a hard-disk drive. The receiver  19  is used for receiving the image contents. For example, the receiver  19  includes a tuner for receiving broadcast signals or a receiving device for receiving image contents via the Internet. 
         [0025]    The image contents recorded on the information recording unit  11  are read by an image reproducing unit  12 , which generates image data for reproduction and supplies the generated image data to the display apparatus  20 . The display apparatus  20  displays images of the supplied image data. In addition, although not shown, if the image data is provided with audio data, the audio data is also read from the information recording unit  11  and supplied to the display apparatus  20  by the image reproducing unit  12 , so that audio sound is output from a speaker of the display apparatus  20 . 
         [0026]    The image reproducing unit  12  reproduces the data based on instructions given from a command receiver  18 . The command receiver  18  is supplied with the remote controlling signal received by the remote controlling signal receiver  18   a . The remote controlling signal receiver  18   a  receives the remote controlling signal supplied from a separately provided remote controller. The remote controller is operated by the user M who views and hears the image and sound presented on the display apparatus  20 . The remote controlling signal is transmitted from the remote controller as an infrared signal and a radio signal. The instructions based on the remote controlling signal includes reproducing the image contents, such as starting, pausing, and stopping reproducing the image contents, or locating the image contents, such as fast-forwarding, and skipping the image contents. The remote controlling signal receiver  18   a  receives and transfers the instructions to the command receiver  18 , so that the image data reproduced by the image reproducing unit  12  are appropriately displayed on the display apparatus  20  based on the received instructions. The instructions received from the command receiver  18  are also supplied to a required viewing time measuring unit  15 . 
         [0027]    The image reproducing apparatus  10  further includes an image analyzer  13  that analyzes a reproducing status at the image reproducing unit  12 . The image reproducing unit  12  transfers the reproduced images to the image analyzer  13 , while allowing an identical image information unit detector  14  to detect consecutive identical images having identical contents. The image analyzer  13  analyzes the number of characters in telop when the telop has been superimposed on the images. The image analyzer  13  also obtains the difference between pixel areas of the image, and outputs values of the number of characters and those of the obtained pixel area differences as the outcome of the analysis. The consecutive identical images having identical contents detected by the identical image information unit detector  14  imply that the identical images having identical contents are continuously reproduced. Specifically, the identical image information unit detector  14  operates as a scene detector to detect whether the identical images having identical contents are continuously reproduced. The detecting processing to detect identical images is carried out by calculating the differences between pixels of an immediately preceding frame image and those of a current frame image. Specific processing examples of the image analyzer  13  and the identical image information unit detector  14  will be described later. 
         [0028]    The detected outcome of the image analyzer  13  and the identical image information unit detector  14  are transferred to the required viewing time measuring unit  15  and a required viewing time estimating unit  17 , respectively. The required viewing time measuring unit  15  is also supplied with the instructions from the command receiver  18 , and calculates required viewing time based on the instructions and the results obtained by the image analyzer  13  and the identical image information unit detector  14 . Specific processing examples of calculating the required viewing time will be described later. The calculated required viewing time is stored in a table storage  16  formed of a memory. 
         [0029]    The required viewing time estimating unit  17  estimates the required viewing time to reproduce images at the image reproducing unit  12  based on information supplied from the table storage  16 , the image analyzer  13 , and the identical image information unit detector  14 , and the estimated results are transferred to the image reproducing unit  12 . A specific processing example of calculating the required viewing time will be described later. When the estimated results are supplied to the image reproducing unit  12 , a reproducing status of the images being reproduced is controlled. When the estimated results (described later) indicate that the images have been reproduced in sufficient time for viewing the images, subsequent images are reproduced. 
         [0030]    Next, processing operation in reproducing the image contents recorded by the information recording unit  11  of the image reproducing apparatus  10  is described with reference to flowcharts in  FIG. 3  to  FIG. 6 . An overall processing status is described with reference to  FIG. 3 . Specifically, whether a command is input from the command receiver  18  of the image reproducing apparatus  10  is determined (STEP S 11 ), and when no input of command is detected, the image contents are analyzed during reproducing the images by the image reproducing unit  12 . Specifically, whether to have consecutive identical information frames is determined (STEP S 12 ), the contents of the images are analyzed (STEP S 13 ), table data is read from a table storage  16  (STEP S 14 ), and duration or time for presenting the images per unit is determined (Step S 15 ). Timing of reproducing image contents is controlled by the image reproducing unit  12  so as to present the information during the determined duration. When the timing of reproduction is controlled, processing of next information unit is carried out (STEP S 17 ). 
         [0031]    When command input by a user is detected at step S 11 , the command is translated (STEP S 18 ). When the translated command is an end command that indicates stopping the reproduction of the image contents, the processing will end (STEP S 23 ). When the command is that other than the end command, whether to have consecutive identical information frames is determined (STEP S 19 ), whether the contents of the images are analyzed (STEP S 20 ), and how long to have duration of presenting the information per unit are determined (Step S 21 ). When the duration of presenting the information per unit is measured, the information on the measured duration of presentation is stored in the table storage  16  to update the information thereof. 
         [0032]    Next, a processing example of detecting (determining) consecutive identical information frames by the identical image information unit detector  14  is described with reference to a flowchart in  FIG. 4 . When processing of determining whether to have consecutive identical information frames has started, identical information frames counter is reset to “0” (STEP S 31 ), and a differential counter is also reset to “0” (STEP S 32 ). Subsequently, the difference in luminance between an original image (reference image) and a current image is calculated per pixel (STEP S 33 ), and whether the difference obtained equals or exceeds the threshold is determined (STEP S 34 ). If the difference obtained is equal to or above the threshold, the count value of the differential counter increments by one (STEP S 35 ). If the difference obtained is below the threshold, the count value of the differential counter remains unchanged. Subsequently, whether the difference in luminance has been calculated in all pixels is determined (STEP S 36 ). If the difference has not been calculated in all pixels, processing is shifted to next unevaluated pixel (STEP S 37 ) to calculate the difference in luminance again (STEP S 33 ). 
         [0033]    If the differences have been calculated in all pixels in one frame at STEP  36 , whether the count value of the differential counter is below the threshold is determined (STEP S 38 ). If the difference obtained is below the threshold, the counter value of the identical information frame counter increments by one (STEP S 39 ), and processing of the next image frame is carried out (STEP S 40 ). The processing for the next image frame is carried out from STEP S 32 . 
         [0034]    If the count value of the differential counter is not below the threshold; that is, the differential counter is equal to or above the threshold at STEP S 38 , the current count value of the identical information frame counter is output (STEP S 41 ), and then the current processing to determine whether to have the consecutive identical information frames will end. The processing from STEP S 31  to S 41  will be iterated while image contents are continuously reproduced. In the determination of whether to have consecutive identical information frames as shown in the flowchart of  FIG. 4 , when the user carries out no operation while the image contents are reproduced, duration or time for presenting consecutive identical information frames will be detected. However, when the user operates to give instructions such as fast-forwarding reproduction of image contents, duration or time for reproducing consecutive identical information frames until such operation is given by the user is detected; that is, duration or time for consecutively displaying identical information frames on the display apparatus  20  is detected. 
         [0035]    Next, processing at an image analyzer  13  will be described with reference to a flowchart in  FIG. 5 . First, if telop is contained in one frame image to be reproduced, the number of telop characters in one frame image is counted (STEP S 51 ). The difference between the original and the current images per pixel area is also calculated (STEP S 52 ). The difference between the original and current images per pixel area is calculated in the same manner as calculating the difference in luminance between the two images per pixel at the identical image information unit detector  14 . The number of telop characters and the difference between the two images per pixel area obtained in one frame are then output (STEP S 53 ). 
         [0036]    Next, an example of estimating processing for required time carried out by the required viewing time estimating unit  17  will be described with reference to a flowchart of  FIG. 6 . In estimating processing for required time, analyzed data is received from the image analyzer  13  (STEP S 61 ). Having received the resulting data of the analysis obtained from the image analyzer  13 , data having the closest distance to the vector of the resulting analysis in the table is read (STEP S 62 ). The required viewing time indicated by the data in the table is output as an estimated result (STEP S 63 ). 
         [0037]    The output estimated result of required viewing time is supplied to the image reproducing unit  12  to control the reproduction of the image program. For example, when duration or time of continuously viewing one static image is equal to the time indicated by the estimated result of required viewing time, reproducing position is shifted to the next unit of images. 
         [0038]      FIG. 7  shows an example of a table stored in the table storage  16 . The example shows the number of telop characters in an image, mean difference per pixel corresponding to the number of characters, and mean duration (sec) of required viewing time for the image. As  FIG. 7  shows, as the number of telop characters displayed increases in one screen, the required viewing time also increases. 
         [0039]    With the table shown in  FIG. 7 , if images having identical information (implying the status close to static images) are consecutively displayed, the required viewing time matched with the same conditions (i.e., the number of telop characters, the mean difference per pixel, and the mean duration) is read from the table. Accordingly, the required viewing time read from the table is determined as the estimated viewing time for the currently displayed image. When displaying time exceeds the time read from the table, the next unit of image will be displayed. Thus, when an image is determined to mainly contain telop characters and consecutive images having identical information are determined as being currently displayed, the display status will be changed based on the previous data of the required viewing time read from the table, so that the identical images will not be displayed for unnecessarily long time. In the processing shown in the flowchart of  FIG. 3 , presenting time for images are calculated based on two amounts of the characteristic factors; that is; the number of characters in one screen, and mean duration or mean time of consecutively displaying images having identical contents (identical scenes), however, the presenting time for images are calculated with reference only to one of these characteristic factors tabulated. Other factors can also be used for calculating the presenting time of image. 
         [0040]    In the example of  FIG. 7 , a categorical factor of the image program to be reproduced is not included in calculating the time required for viewing images; however, the number of telop characters, the mean pixel difference, and the mean duration or mean time (sec) required for viewing images can be classified for each category of the image program so as to create a table to be stored as shown in  FIG. 8 . When reproducing the image program, data of category matched with the category of the image program to be reproduced is read from the table, and the duration or time required for viewing the image program may be calculated based on the read data from the table. In the example of  FIG. 8 , data is classified into three categories; namely, the news, information, and sports. If a category of the image contents is unknown, unknown category may be provided so that the unknown category of the table can be referred in reproducing the image contents of unknown category. 
         [0041]    In the example of  FIG. 7 , the number of operators for the image reproducing apparatus  10  of this embodiment is estimated as one, so that all the information obtained by the user&#39;s operation of the remote controller  30  is collected in one table. However, when a plurality of users or operators share to use one image reproducing apparatus  10 , information obtained by the plurality of users&#39; operation of the remote controller  30  may be collected in separate tables corresponding to the individual users that can be identified with a certain operation or mechanism of individuals. Accordingly, the information of the table corresponding to the user viewing the image program may be used in reproducing the image program. More accurate image reproducing duration or time can be set in this manner. 
         [0042]    In the examples described so far, the time required for the user viewing the image program is determined based on the user&#39;s operation to reproduce the image contents using the remote controller as the time corresponding to the number of telop characters in the table. However, the time required for viewing the image contents may be calculated based on any other processing. For example, as shown in  FIG. 9 , a camera unit  22  may be arranged on top of a screen  21  of a display apparatus  21 ′ to image the face of a viewer M, the viewer M&#39;s sight line e can be determined based on the image captured by the camera unit  22 . 
         [0043]    The time for the viewer M to read characters displayed as telop can be estimated based on the change in the viewer M&#39;s sight line e. When the viewer M&#39;s reading time for the telop is estimated, the estimated time and the number of telop characters are stored in the table as a required viewing time. In reproducing the image contents, the required viewing time is read from the table with reference to the number of characters so as to change reproducing duration or time complied with the next unit of images. Thus, the image reproducing duration or time can be estimated by the processing other than the viewer&#39;s input operation. 
         [0044]    In the configuration of  FIG. 2 , the image reproducing apparatus and the display apparatus are separately provided; however, the image reproducing apparatus may be incorporated in the television receiver such that a series of processing from estimating the required viewing time to displaying the image contents can be carries out by one apparatus. Alternatively, as shown in  FIG. 2 , when the image reproducing apparatus and the display apparatus are separately provided, the image reproducing apparatus (image processing apparatus) can only output information on the estimated required time to supply to the display apparatus, and setting processing such as setting displaying duration can be carried out by the display apparatus. 
         [0045]    In the embodiments described so far, the reproducing processing of the image program has been described; however, in the reproducing processing of the audio sound program, when the identical sound having identical contents are continuously reproduced, reproducing position is shifted to the next unit of sound complied with the required hearing time read from the table. 
         [0046]    In the embodiments described so far, the embodiments are applied to the image reproducing apparatus; however, the series of processing can be programmed to cause an information processing apparatus, such as a personal computer, to execute the computer program such that the information processing apparatus can carry out the same operation as that of the image producing apparatus in  FIG. 2 . In this case, the computer program for the series of processing according to this embodiment can be recorded on various recording media which may then be provided for the viewer of the image contents of stream data. 
         [0047]    It should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations and alterations may occur depending on design requirements and other factors insofar as they are within the scope of the appended claims or the equivalents thereof.