Abstract:
In accordance with the present invention, a portable wave-swash &amp; coastal-wind energy harvester, once placed on a sea coast in the swash zone captures the mechanical energy contained in: (a) waves in the swash-zone, and (b) coastal-wind. Energy is extracted through: (a) wave turbines, (b) wind turbines, and (c) wave floats. A rotational transmission system with one-way clutches transmits torque to an alternator, while flywheels attached to the axles maintain steady rotation of axles. A wave funnel faces the waves and causes the wave uprush to converge toward wave turbines. A buoyancy chamber at the bottom produces reduction of weight of the portable wave-swash &amp; coastal-wind energy harvester when water in the chamber is emptied and thereby enhances maneuverability of the unit on land and in water, while a stabilization tank at the top when filled with water provides extra weight and stability of the unit in its operating location.

Description:
RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     The present application is a continuation-in-part application of U.S. provisional patent application Ser. No. 61/214,379, filed Apr. 23, 2009, for PORTABLE WAVE-SWASH &amp; COASTAL-WIND ENERGY HARVESTER, by Erat S. Joseph, included by reference herein and for which benefit of the priority date is hereby claimed. 
    
    
     FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention relates to the simultaneous capturing of the energy contained in sea waves and in wind. 
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     Background 
     The following is a tabulation of some prior art that presently appears relevant U.S. patents 
     
       
         
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 U.S. Pat. No. 
                 Date of Patent 
                 Patentee 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
             
               
                   
                 3,687,567 
                 Aug. 29, 1972 
                 William C. Lininger 
               
               
                   
                 4,319,454 
                 Mar. 16, 1982 
                 Louis V. Lucia 
               
               
                   
                 4,392,060 
                 Jul. 5, 1983 
                 Jessie T. Ivy 
               
               
                   
                 4,719,754 
                 Jan. 19, 1988 
                 Kochi Nishikawa 
               
               
                   
                 5,005,357 
                 Apr. 9, 1991 
                 Mansel F. Fox 
               
               
                   
                 5,244,359 
                 Sep. 14, 1993 
                 David M. Slonim 
               
               
                   
                 5,549,445 
                 Aug. 27, 1996 
                 Edward J. Schremp 
               
               
                   
                 6,109,863 
                 Aug. 29, 2000 
                 Larry D. Milliken 
               
               
                   
                 6,269,636 B1 
                 Aug. 7, 2001 
                 Constantinos Hatzilakos 
               
               
                   
                 6,559,552 B1 
                 May 6, 2003 
                 Siu Kwong Ha 
               
               
                   
                 7,327,049 B2 
                 Feb. 5, 2008 
                 Ron Hamburg 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
     Past inventions have utilized essentially the following devices to capture energy from ocean waves and wind: water wheels, wind wheels, and floats. Water wheels and wind wheels are designed to rotate, while floats are designed to move up and down on the water surface. Wave energy can be derived from the up and down motion of deep sea waves or from the flow of water that rushes up the shore after a wave breaks in the wave swash zone; this invention utilizes the energy in the wave swash. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 3,687,567, U.S. Pat. No. 4,719,754, U.S. Pat. No. 5,005,357, U.S. Pat. No. 5,244,359, and U.S. Pat. No. 6,109,863 do not utilize the action of wave floats, or the force of wind to extract power. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 4,319,454, U.S. Pat. No. 4,392,060, U.S. Pat. No. 6,269,636 B1, and U.S. Pat. No. 7,327,049 B2, utilize only floats to extract energy. They do not utilize the action of water wheel or the force of wind to generate power. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 6,559,552 B1, is designed to capture energy from rain, wind, wave, and solar. It utilizes a water wheel and a wind wheel, but does not utilize action of wave floats for power generation. Floats included in the design are for keeping the apparatus afloat in water, and not for producing power through the movement of floats up and down on water surface. The description states, “The turntable is rotated on bearings over a fixed-horizontal base plate, until the set-up is facing the wind and waves directly to the best advantage.” One of the deficiencies of the apparatus is due to the fact that the directions of wind and wave do not necessarily match, and while the horizontal-axis wind wheel will not work unless its orientation changes to face the wind, a water wheel will not work unless it faces water flow. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 5,549,445 utilizes sea going platforms, wind energy conversion, and subsurface wave energy removing means. It is not designed for operation in the wave swash zone. It does not utilize the action of wave floats to generate power. 
     None of the above mentioned patents includes any device to assist in the retention of angular momentum for maintaining sustained rotational energy. 
     Among nature&#39;s energy sources, wind and sea waves are prominent. Despite the fact that abundant energy is available in wind and in sea waves, capturing of this energy economically from these sources remains a technological challenge. 
     One of the major drawbacks of wind mill technology lies in its very low capacity factor—the ratio of the power actually produced to the power that would have been produced if the turbines operated 100% of the time. Wind stops frequently, and consequently, standard wind mills typically have a capacity factor of only about 35%. Standard wind mills are huge in size, and are economically not feasible. One of the difficulties faced by wave turbine technology is due to the periodic nature of the occurrence of the waves and the resulting variability of torque produced by wave turbines. The present invention addresses these problems. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     In accordance with the present invention, a portable wave-swash &amp; coastal-wind energy harvester, once placed on a sea coast in the wave swash zone where water washes up on shore after an incoming wave has broken, captures the mechanical energy contained in: (a) waves in the swash zone, and (b) coastal-wind. Energy is extracted through: (a) wave turbines, (b) wind turbines, and (c) wave floats. Rotation of the wave turbines is accomplished by the force of waves. Rotation of the wind turbines is achieved by the force of wind. Reciprocating motion of the wave floats is derived from the water level variation of the uprush and backwash of the wave in the swash zone that produces up and down motion of floats. The linear movement of the wave floats is converted into rotational motion through rack and pinion gears. The torque produced by the wave turbines, the wind turbines, and the wave floats is transmitted to an alternator through a rotational transmission system that consists of flywheels, axles, large sprockets, small sprockets, roller chains, bevel gears, one-way clutches, and rack and pinion gears. Gear system with predetermined gear ratios dictates predetermined rpm for the alternator. Pairs of flywheels attached to each of the three axles connected to the wave turbines, the wind turbines, and the wave floats enable the maintenance of sustained rotation of a shaft attached to the alternator. In the front, located next to the wave turbines, facing the waves, there is a wave funnel with openings converging toward the wave turbines that receives and guides uprush from breaking waves to impinge on the wave turbines. A buoyancy chamber provided at the bottom can be emptied when needed to produce weight reduction and thus to enhance maneuverability of the portable wave-swash &amp; coastal-wind energy harvester on land and in water. A stabilization tank at the top, when filled with water, provides added weight, stability, and resistance to overturning and sliding to the portable wave-swash &amp; coastal-wind energy harvester in its operational location. 
     ADVANTAGES 
     The apparatus harnesses the energy of waves as well as that of wind simultaneously through the combined utilization of the wave turbines, the wind turbines, and the wave floats, complemented by the wave funnel, the flywheels, the buoyancy chamber, the stabilization tank, and other embodiments. Portability of the unit on land, its maneuverability in water, and its stability in the operational location are some of the key features. The wind turbines and the wave funnel can be assembled or disassembled at site, a feature which makes it feasible to transport the apparatus to the site in a truck. 
     Harnessing of energy from waves and wind simultaneously and the utilization of a combination of the wave turbines, the wind turbines, and the wave floats, complemented by the flywheels result in substantially steady rotation of the axles and a consequent increase of capacity factor to near 100%. 
     The wave funnel facing the wave swash receives the wave swash and guides water through converging openings, thus causing the water stream to accelerate, toward the wave turbines. Further, the openings of the wave funnel are aligned with the wave turbines in such a way that the water stream coming through the wave funnel impinges on the inner sides of the curved turbine blades on only one half on one side of the axis of each of the wave turbines. 
     The wind turbines are designed in such a way that they rotate in a specified direction regardless of the direction of the wind. 
     Pairs of flywheels attached to each of the three axles serve to maintain steady angular momentum of axles. 
     The required rpm for the alternator is achieved by the rotational transmission system with predetermined gear ratios. 
     The buoyancy chamber enhances the maneuverability of the apparatus on land and in water. 
     The stabilization tank serves to increase the weight, stability, and resistance to overturning and sliding of the apparatus once the apparatus is placed in its operational location in the wave swash zone. 
     The wind turbines, the wave funnel, and the stabilization tank are detachable, and they can be transported separately to the site and can be assembled at the site. 
     Multiple units placed on a shore in an energy farm can combine the energy from several units, and also can also provide a barrier to serve as a protection against coastal erosion. 
     The apparatus is a self-contained and portable mechanism. Designed with detachable wind turbines and the wave funnel, the base segment of the apparatus is about the size of a sports utility vehicle, and individual parts can be transported to operational site in a truck. 
     The buoyancy chamber at the bottom produces buoyancy when water is pumped out of it. When the apparatus has to be moved in water, the buoyancy chamber can be emptied. 
     Once the apparatus is placed in its operating location, it can be secured in place by pumping water into the stabilization tank located at the top. The added weight of water in the stabilization tank is utilized for preventing the apparatus from sliding or overturning. 
     Hydrodynamic calculations of wave energy show that the mechanism is technically feasible from the stand point of the availability of wave energy. Wave power P=(ρg 2 T H 2 )/(32π) watts per meter of crest length, where the density of water ρ=1025 kg/m 3 , the acceleration due to gravity g=9.8 m/s 2 , T=period of wave (s), and H=height of wave (m). As an example, for a wave with height H=1 meter, period T=10 seconds, by the above equation, power P is about 10000 watts or 10 kW per meter of crest length of wave. For a unit equipped with a 3.5-meter wide wave funnel that guides the waves into the wave turbines, the power available is 35 kW. In an energy farm with several units linked together over a one-mile stretch of coastline the power available is about 15 Mega Watts. 
     While each unit operates independently, several units at a site can be linked together to form an energy farm that combines the energies of all units. As an added benefit, there will be reduced coastal erosion where an energy farm is located. The harnessing of the wave energy results in energy dissipation before the wave strikes the shore. Consequently, when several units are operating side by side, they act monolithically like a sea wall absorbing energy, thereby reducing littoral drift and coastal erosion. Thus, while producing energy, the energy farm can also ameliorate coastal erosion. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       A complete understanding of the present invention may be obtained by reference to the accompanying drawings, when considered in conjunction with the subsequent, detailed description, in which: 
         FIG. 1  is a top view of the portable wave-swash &amp; coastal-wind energy harvester invention  8 ; 
         FIG. 2  is an additional top view of the portable wave-swash &amp; coastal-wind energy harvester invention  8 ; 
         FIG. 3  is a right elevation view of the portable wave-swash &amp; coastal-wind energy harvester invention  8 ; 
         FIG. 4  is a front elevation view of the portable wave-swash &amp; coastal-wind energy harvester invention  8 ; 
         FIG. 5  is a front elevation view of the wave funnel of the portable wave-swash &amp; coastal-wind energy harvester invention  8 ; 
         FIG. 6  is a top view of the front funnel of the portable wave-swash &amp; coastal-wind energy harvester invention  8 ; 
         FIG. 7  is an isometric view of the portable wave-swash &amp; coastal-wind energy harvester invention  8 ; 
         FIG. 8  is an isometric side view of the portable wave-swash &amp; coastal-wind energy harvester invention  8 ; and 
         FIG. 9  is a perspective view of the portable wave-swash &amp; coastal-wind energy harvester invention  8 . 
     
    
    
     For purposes of clarity and brevity, like elements and components will bear the same designations and numbering throughout the Figures. 
     REFERENCE NUMBERS AND NAMES 
     
         
           8  harvester invention ( FIG. 7 ,  FIG. 8 ,  FIG. 9 ) 
           10  wave turbines ( FIG. 1 ,  FIG. 2 ,  FIG. 3 ,  FIG. 4 ,  FIG. 7 ,  FIG. 8 ,  FIG. 9 ) 
           12  wave funnel ( FIG. 1 ,  FIG. 2 ,  FIG. 3 ,  FIG. 5 ,  FIG. 6 ,  FIG. 8 ,  FIG. 9 ) 
           14  wave-turbine cover ( FIG. 1 ,  FIG. 2 ,  FIG. 3 ) 
           16  wind turbines ( FIG. 1 ,  FIG. 2 ,  FIG. 3 ,  FIG. 4 ,  FIG. 7 ,  FIG. 8 ,  FIG. 9 ) 
           18  wave floats ( FIG. 2 ,  FIG. 3 ,  FIG. 4 ,  FIG. 7 ,  FIG. 8 ,  FIG. 9 ) 
           20  float restraint ( FIG. 2 ,  FIG. 3 ) 
           22  alternator ( FIG. 1 ,  FIG. 2 ,  FIG. 3 ,  FIG. 4 ,  FIG. 7 ,  FIG. 8 ,  FIG. 9 ) 
           24  buoyancy chamber ( FIG. 2 ,  FIG. 3 ,  FIG. 4 ,  FIG. 7 ,  FIG. 8 ,  FIG. 9 ) 
           26  stabilization tank ( FIG. 2 ,  FIG. 3 ,  FIG. 4 ,  FIG. 7 ,  FIG. 8 ,  FIG. 9 ) 
           28  rotational transmission system ( FIG. 1 ,  FIG. 3 ,  FIG. 4 ,  FIG. 7 ,  FIG. 8 ) 
           30  flywheels ( FIG. 1 ,  FIG. 3 ,  FIG. 4 ,  FIG. 7 ,  FIG. 8 ,  FIG. 9 ) 
           32  axles ( FIG. 1 ,  FIG. 4 ,  FIG. 7 ,  FIG. 8 ,  FIG. 9 ) 
           34  large sprockets ( FIG. 1 ,  FIG. 3 ,  FIG. 4 ,  FIG. 7 ,  FIG. 8 ,  FIG. 9 ) 
           36  small sprockets ( FIG. 1 ,  FIG. 3 ,  FIG. 4 ,  FIG. 8 ) 
           38  roller chains ( FIG. 1 ,  FIG. 3 ,  FIG. 8 ) 
           40  bevel gears ( FIG. 1 ,  FIG. 2 ,  FIG. 3 ,  FIG. 8 ) 
           42  one-way clutches ( FIG. 1 ) 
           44  rack and pinion gears ( FIG. 1 ,  FIG. 3 ,  FIG. 4 ,  FIG. 8 ) 
           46  bearings ( FIG. 3 ,  FIG. 4 ) 
           48  frame ( FIG. 3 ,  FIG. 8 ) 
           50  wheels ( FIG. 3 ,  FIG. 8 ) 
       
    
     DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT 
       FIG. 1  is the top view of the portable wave-swash &amp; coastal-wind energy harvester invention  8 . Included elements: wave turbines  10 , wave funnel  12 , wave-turbine cover  14 , wind turbines  16 , alternator  22 , rotational transmission system  28 , flywheels  30 , axles  32 , large sprockets  34 , small sprockets  36 , roller chains  38 , bevel gears  40 , one-way clutches  42 , and rack and pinion gears  44 . Excluded for clarity from  FIG. 1  are the following elements: wave floats  18 , float restraint  20 , buoyancy chamber  24 , stabilization tank  26 , bearings  46 , frame  48 , and wheels  50 . 
       FIG. 2  is an additional top view of the portable wave-swash &amp; coastal-wind energy harvester invention  8 . Included elements: wave turbines  10 , wave funnel  12 , wave-turbine cover  14 , wind turbines  16 , wave floats  18 , float restraint  20 , alternator  22 , buoyancy chamber  24 , stabilization tank  26 , and bevel gears  40 . Excluded for clarity from  FIG. 1  are the following elements: rotational transmission system  28 , flywheels  30 , axles  32 , large sprockets  34 , small sprockets  36 , roller chains  38 , one-way clutches  42 , rack and pinion gears  44 , bearings  46 , frame  48 , and wheels  50 . 
       FIG. 3  is a right elevation view of the portable wave-swash &amp; coastal-wind energy harvester invention  8 . 
       FIG. 4  is a front elevation view of the portable wave-swash &amp; coastal-wind energy harvester invention  8 . Excluded for clarity from  FIG. 4  are the following elements: wave funnel  12 , wave-turbine cover  14 , float restraint  20 , roller chains  38 , bevel gears  40 , one-way clutches  42 , frame  48 , and wheels  50 . 
       FIG. 5  is a front elevation view of the wave funnel  12  of the portable wave-swash &amp; coastal-wind energy harvester invention  8 . 
       FIG. 6  is a top view of the wave funnel  12  of the portable wave-swash &amp; coastal-wind energy harvester invention  8 . 
       FIG. 7  is an isometric front view of the portable wave-swash &amp; coastal-wind energy harvester invention  8  showing the following elements: wave turbines  10 , wind turbines  16 , wave floats  18 , alternator  22 , buoyancy chamber  24 , stabilization tank  26 , and rotational transmission system  28 , flywheels  30 , axles  32 , and large sprockets  34 . 
       FIG. 8  is an isometric side view the portable wave-swash &amp; coastal-wind energy harvester invention  8  showing the following elements: wave turbines  10 , wave funnel  12 , wind turbines  16 , wave floats  18 , alternator  22 , buoyancy chamber  24 , stabilization tank  26 , rotational transmission system  28 , flywheels  30 , large sprockets  34 , small sprockets  36 , axles  38 , bevel gears  40 , rack and pinion gears  44 , frame  48 , and wheels  50 . 
       FIG. 9  is a perspective view of the portable wave-swash &amp; coastal-wind energy harvester invention  8  showing wave turbines  10 , wave funnel  12 , wind turbines  16 , wave float  18 , alternator  22 , buoyancy chamber  24 , stabilization tank  26 , flywheels  30 , axles  32 , large sprockets  34 . 
     Wave turbines  10 , rotatably mounted on frame  48 , have vertical axes, and they are supported on bearings  46  which are mounted on a frame  48  of a portable wave-swash &amp; coastal-wind energy harvester. Wave turbines  10  are located just above a buoyancy chamber  24 , and are adjacent to a wave funnel  12 . 
     Wave funnel  12 , detachably united to wave turbines  10 , has a converging funnel shape with opening at one end larger than the opening at the other end. It is located in front of wave turbines  10  with the large openings facing the ocean and the small openings facing wave turbines  10  in such a way that the small openings align with one half on one side of the axis of each of the wave turbines  10  while the other half on the other side of the axis of each of the wave turbines  10  is covered by part of wave funnel  12 . 
     Wave-turbine cover  14 , rigidly attached to frame  48 , has segments with partial-cylindrical shapes and it wraps around the rear half of wave turbines  10 , leaving predetermined space between wave-turbine cover  14  and the outer perimeter of wave turbines  10 . It is located between wave turbines  10  and wave floats  18 . 
     Wind turbines  16 , rotatably mounted on frame  48 , have vertical axes and they are located above stabilization tank  26 . 
     Wave floats  18 , loosely hooked to frame  48 , are located just above a buoyancy chamber  24  and between wave-turbine cover  14  and vertical shafts of wind turbines  16 . 
     Float restraint  20 , mounted on frame  48 , surrounds wave floats  18 . 
     Alternator  22 , mounted on frame  48 , has one of the axles that has one of the small sprockets  36 . 
     Buoyancy chamber  24 , rigidly mounted on frame  48 , is a hermetically sealed container located at the bottom of the portable wave-swash &amp; coastal-wind energy harvester. 
     Stabilization tank  26 , detachably mounted on frame  48 , is a water tight container, located above the top of wave turbines  10 . 
     Rotational transmission system  28 , mounted on frame  48 , comprises axles  32 , flywheels  30 , large sprockets  34 , small sprockets  36 , roller chains  38 , bevel gears  40 , one-way clutches  42 , and rack and pinion gears  44 . 
     Axles  32 , mounted on frame  48 , comprise shafts for rotating sprockets. They are connected to wave turbines  10  through bevel gears  40 , to wind turbines  16  through bevel gears  40 , and to wave floats  18  through rack and pinion gears  44 . 
     Flywheels  30 , rigidly mounted on axles  32 , are heavy circular disks of predetermined weight and diameter. 
     Large sprockets  34 , attached to each of the axles  32 , are circular in shape and have predetermined diameters. 
     Small sprockets  36 , attached to some of the axles  32 , are circular in shape and have predetermined diameters. 
     Roller chains  38 , attached to large sprockets  34  and to small sprockets  36 , connect large sprockets  34  to small sprockets  36 . 
     Bevel gears  40 , rotatably connected to few of the axles, have conically shaped teeth. One pair of bevel gears  40  connects one of axles  32  to wave turbines  10 . Another pair of bevel gears  40  connects one of axles  32  to wind turbines  16 . 
     One-way clutches  42 , attached to axles  32 , are located at the end of axles  32 . 
     Rack and pinion gears  44 , movably attached to one of axles  32 , comprise racks and pinions. Racks are attached to wave floats  18 , and the pinions are attached to one of axles  32 . 
     Bearings  46 , attached to frame  48 , support wave turbines  10 , wind turbines  16 , and axles  32 . 
     Frame  48 , mounted on wheels  50 , is a support structure for all component parts which comprise wave turbines  10 , wave funnel  12 , wave-turbine cover  14 , wind turbines  16 , wave floats  18 , alternator  22 , float restraint  20 , buoyancy chamber  24 , stabilization tank  26 , rotational transmission system  28 , and bearings  46 . 
     Wheels  50 , attached to the bottom of frame  48 , support frame. 
     In Operation, 
     Wave turbines  10  rotate in predetermined directions about vertical axes due to force of waves impinging on wave turbines  10 . The rotational energy of wave turbines  10  is transmitted to one of the axles  32  through bevel gears  40 . 
     Wave funnel  12  receives wave swash and causes flowing water stream to converge and accelerate toward one half on one side of the axis of each of the wave turbines  10 , while part of wave funnel  12  covers the other half on the other side of the axis of each of the wave turbines  10  thereby allowing wave swash to impinge primarily on the inside of the curved turbine blades. 
     Wave-turbine cover  14  which envelopes the rear half of wave turbines  10  serves as a guide for water coming through wave turbines  10  to flow around wave turbines  10  through the space between the outer periphery of wave turbines  10  and the curved wave-turbine cover  14 , thereby enabling wave turbines  10  to extract optimal amount of kinetic energy contained in the uprush in the wave swash zone. 
     Wave-turbine cover  14  serves another function by acting as a shield between wave turbines  10  and wave floats  18 , thereby preventing the wave water from impacting on wave floats  18 . 
     Wind turbines  16  rotate about vertical axes due to the force of wind blowing on wind turbines  16 . By virtue of the curved shape of the blades of the wind turbines, the wind turbines rotate in predetermined directions regardless of the direction of the wind. The rotational energy of wind turbines  16  is transmitted to one of the axles  32  through bevel gears  40 . 
     Wave floats  18  moves up and down due to the rise and fall of water surface on which wave floats  18  float. The reciprocating action of wave floats  18  is converted into rotating motion of one of axles  32  through rack and pinion gears  44 . 
     Float restraint  20  confines the movement of wave floats  18  through a predetermined distance in the vertical direction. 
     Alternator  22  converts mechanical energy into electrical energy. The rotational energy generated by wave turbines  10 , wind turbines  16 , and wave floats  18  is transmitted to one of the axles  32  connected to alternator  22  through rotational transmission system  28 . 
     Buoyancy chamber  24  at the bottom can hold water. By pumping water into it, the weight of a portable wave-swash &amp; coastal-wind energy harvester can be increased, while by pumping water out of it the weight can be reduced. When the portable wave-swash &amp; coastal-wind energy harvester has to be moved either on land or in water, to improve maneuverability, buoyancy chamber  24  can be emptied to reduce the weight of the portable wave-swash &amp; coastal wind energy harvester. On the other hand, once the apparatus is placed in the wave swash zone for operation, it can gain more self-weight and hence more stability by filling buoyancy chamber  24  with water. 
     Stabilization tank  26  at the top can hold water. Once the portable wave-swash &amp; coastal-wind energy harvester is placed in its operational location in the wave swash zone, the weight and stability of the apparatus can be increased by filling stabilization tank  26  with water. 
     Rotational transmission system  28  conveys torque generated by the action of wave turbines  10 , wind turbines  16 , and wave floats  18  to alternator  22 . 
     Flywheels  30  rotate and carry angular momentum to sustain continuous rotation of axles  32 . Flywheels  30  absorb energy and then release energy steadily. This steadily released energy is transmitted to alternator  22 . 
     Axles  32  rotate together with flywheels  30 , large sprockets  34 , and small sprockets  36 . 
     Large sprockets  34  serve to transmit torque through roller chains  38  to small sprockets  36  attached to one of axles  32 . 
     Small sprockets  36  receive the torque from large sprockets  34  through roller chains  38 . 
     Predetermined ratios of the diameters of large sprockets  34  to those of small sprockets  36  dictate predetermined revolutions per minute of alternator  22 . 
     Roller chains  38  transmit the torque from large sprockets  34  to small sprockets  36 , and to the alternator  22 . 
     Bevel gears  40  connect the vertical shafts of wave turbines  10  and of wind turbines  16  to few of axles  32  thus causing a change of the direction of torque produced by the action of wave turbines  10  and wind turbines  16 . 
     One-way clutches  42  serve to transmit torque to axles  32  in one direction while suppressing torque in the other direction. Thus, while one-way clutches  42  transmit torque toward alternator  22 , it serves to disengage axles  32  and thereby to prevent axles  32  from forcing wave turbines  10  and wind turbines  16  to rotate or wave floats  18  to move. 
     Rack and pinion gears  44  serve to convert reciprocating vertical motion of wave floats  18  into rotatory motion of one of the axles  32 . 
     Bearings  46  provide supports for wave turbines  10 , wind turbines  16 , and axles  32 . 
     Frame  48  serves as a support structure for the apparatus. 
     Wheels  50  serve to facilitate rolling of the apparatus on a surface. 
     Since other modifications and changes varied to fit particular operating requirements and environments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, the invention is not considered limited to the example chosen for purposes of disclosure, and covers all changes and modifications which do not constitute departures from the true spirit and scope of this invention. While above description contains many specifications, these should not be considered as limitations on the scope, but rather as an exemplification. Many other variations are possible. For example, the direction of axes of wave turbines as well as of wind turbines shown as vertical in this example can be altered. Accordingly, the scope should be determined not by the embodiments illustrated, but by the appended claims and their legal equivalents. 
     Having thus described the invention, what is desired to be protected by Letters Patent is presented in the subsequently appended claims.