Abstract:
A camera capable of print format selection includes a connecting unit for responding to at least one of a unit for forming information for focus adjustment on the basis of one of distance measurement information of a plurality of portions in a scene and defocus information, and a unit for different print formats, thereby affecting an operation related to at least the other unit, or includes a connecting unit for responding to at least one of a unit for a predetermined distance range and a unit for different print formats, thereby affecting an operation related to at least the other unit.

Description:
This is a continuation application under 37 CFR 1.62 of prior application Ser. No. 08/724,920, filed Oct. 2, 1996, abandoned which is a continuation of Ser. No. 08/173,504, filed Dec. 23, 1993, abandoned. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     1. Field of the Invention 
     The present invention relates to an improvement in a camera including a format selecting means for selecting a given one of full size photographing and photographing in a print format different from the full size. 
     2. Related Background Art 
     Recently, a camera capable of photographing in a print format (panorama size) different from a normal full size, such as panorama photographs, has been put into practical use. A photographer can perform selection between a normal full size and an arbitrary scene size in the same camera by selecting this size. 
     On the other hand, there is provided a camera by which distances to a plurality of positions within an angle of view at which photographing is to be performed can be measured by a distance measuring device. In an active device of this sort, the direction of a projected beam corresponds to a distance measuring position. A plurality of light projection elements are fixed in different directions, and position detection elements (PSD) corresponding to the individual directions are arranged. This makes it possible to measure distances to a plurality of positions. 
     If photographing in different print formats is possible in the camera capable of measuring distances to a plurality of positions, however, the same distance measuring point selection scheme as in full size photographing is also used in panorama size photographing. This results in the following problems. 
     1) A distance measuring point for a photographing angle of view is set at a position where it is assumed on the basis of data of conventional full size photographing that a probability of the presence of a principal object to be photographed is high. In a practical situation, therefore, in panorama size photographing which is different in photographing magnification, the distance measuring point is not located at an appropriate position; the distance measuring point is located on a background or the like rather than the principal object to be photographed. 
     2) An operating means for determining a driving direction and a driving amount of a focusing lens on the basis of data obtained by measuring distances to individual distance measuring points, i.e., an operating means for calculating a point which is to be focused performs the operations in accordance with an operation method suitable for full size photographing in which a probability that an object to be photographed is present at the center of a scene is high. In panorama size photographing, a probability that a principal object to be photographed is present at the center of a scene is lower than that in full size photographing. Therefore, a distance measuring point other than the one at the center corresponds to a principal object to be photographed. In this case, even if proper distance measurement data is output, arithmetic operations are executed by the method suitable for full size photographing. Consequently, there is a high possibility that the operation result is determined by data corresponding to distance measurement for a background which is positioned at the distance measuring point at the center. 
     Of compact cameras incorporating a zoom lens, a camera in which a photographing optical system is changed for macro photographing on the most telephoto side is known. This camera can perform photographing corresponding to object distances within a predetermined range from the wide-angle side to the telephoto side in a normal zoom region. When a macro mode is set, the camera can photograph an object in a certain designated distance closer than the predetermined range. 
     FIG. 17 is a side view showing an optical system in such a macro photographing state, and FIG. 16 is a side view showing an optical system in a normal photographing state. The macro photographing state is set when a photographic lens barrel  812  is extended forward farther than in the normal photographing state. Referring to FIGS. 16 and 17, the camera consists of viewfinder objective lenses  808  and  809 , a photographing scene changing mechanism  804 , a viewfinder field frame  804   a,  and a viewfinder eyepiece  811 . 
     In a camera in which a photographing optical axis and a viewfinder optical axis are arranged apart from each other, as in the compact camera incorporating a zoom lens as shown in FIGS. 16 and 17, a shift is present between a photographing field  813  and a viewfinder field  807 . A shift amount is of no problem when an object to be photographed is in a middle or long distance. If, however, an object is at close range as in the macro mode, a scene viewed through a viewfinder is not photographed. Therefore, as shown in FIGS. 18 and 19, short distance correction marks  802   a,    802   b,  and  802   c  are drawn in the viewfinder field  807 , thereby designating the photographing field  813  at the closest focusing distance. 
     In the camera capable of photographing in different print formats described above, however, the field of the viewfinder is covered with the viewfinder field frame  804   a  in the panorama mode as shown in FIG. 19, forming a wide field of view corresponding to the range of panorama photographing. In this case, a photographing field in the macro mode (at the closest focusing distance) is as indicated by  814 . Although the shift amount from the viewfinder field frame  804   a  remains unchanged, the ratio of a vertical shift increases because the photographing field is narrowed in the vertical direction. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 19, more than one-half of a scene viewed through the viewfinder is not photographed. That is, there is a large shift amount between a photographing scene that a photographer intends, i.e., a viewfinder field, and an actual photographing field. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention has been made in consideration of the above situation and has as its object to provide a camera capable of print format selection, which can solve various problems posed when a camera is so designed as to be able to perform photographing in different print formats, such as a problem taking place in performing distance measurement for a plurality of positions in a scene, and a problem of a viewfinder parallax in a macro mode. 
     To achieve the above object, one aspect of the present invention provides a camera capable of print format selection comprising connecting means for responding to at least one of means for forming information for focus adjustment on the basis of one of distance measurement information of a plurality of portions in a scene and defocus information, and means for different print formats, thereby affecting an operation related to at least the other means. 
     Another aspect of the present invention provides a camera capable of print format selection comprising connecting means for responding to at least one of means for a predetermined distance range as in macrophotographing and means for different print formats, thereby affecting an operation related to at least the other means. 
     Other aspects of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a schematic arrangement of a camera including an active distance measuring device according to the first embodiment of the present invention; 
     FIG. 2 is a view showing the relationship between a photographing field and each distance measuring point in full size photographing and panorama size photographing when photographing is performed in a lateral posture (the longer direction of scene is lateral) by the camera shown in FIG. 1; 
     FIG. 3 is a view showing the relationship between a photographing field and each distance measuring point in full size photographing and panorama size photographing when photographing is performed in a vertical posture (the longer direction of scene is vertical) by the camera shown in FIG. 1; 
     FIG. 4 is a flow chart showing a series of operations of the camera shown in FIG. 1; 
     FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing a schematic arrangement of a camera including an active distance measuring device according to the second embodiment of the present invention; 
     FIG. 6 is a view showing the relationship between a photographing field and each distance measuring point in full size photographing and panorama size photographing when photographing is performed in a lateral posture by the camera shown in FIG. 5; 
     FIG. 7 is a view showing the relationship between a photographing field and each distance measuring point in full size photographing and panorama size photographing when photographing is performed in a vertical posture by the camera shown in FIG. 5; 
     FIG. 8 is a flow chart showing a series of operations of the camera shown in FIG. 5; 
     FIG. 9 is a block diagram showing a schematic arrangement of a camera including a passive distance measuring device according to the third embodiment of the present invention; 
     FIG. 10 is a view showing the relationship between a photographing field and each distance measuring point in full size photographing and panorama size photographing when photographing is performed in a lateral posture by the camera shown in FIG. 9; 
     FIG. 11 is a view showing the relationship between a photographing field and each distance measuring point in full size photographing and panorama size photographing when photographing is performed in a vertical posture by the camera shown in FIG. 9; 
     FIG. 12 is a flow chart showing a series of operations of the camera shown in FIG. 9; 
     FIG. 13 is a block diagram showing an electrical arrangement of a camera according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention; 
     FIG. 14 is a block diagram showing an electrical arrangement of a camera according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention; 
     FIG. 15 is a flow chart showing a control operation performed by the camera having the arrangement shown in FIG. 14; 
     FIG. 16 is a side view showing an optical system in a normal photographing state; 
     FIG. 17 is a side view showing the optical system in a macro photographing state; 
     FIG. 18 is a view showing a viewfinder field in a normal state; and 
     FIG. 19 is a view showing the field in a panorama state. 
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
     The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. 
     FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a schematic arrangement of a camera including an active distance measuring device according to the first embodiment of the present invention. 
     Referring to FIG. 1, a microprocessor  1  performs sequence control of the camera. A format selection circuit  2  selects a print format (a full size or a panorama size). A vertical/lateral posture detection circuit  3  detects the vertical posture or the lateral posture of a scene during photographing. A focal length detection circuit  4  detects the focal length of a photographic lens. A light projection element select driving circuit  5  selects light projection elements and drives them. Light projection elements  14  to  18  are so fixed to a camera main body as to project light components at respective predetermined angles with respect to the optical axis of the photographic lens. 
     A position detection element block  6  detects light components projected by the light projection elements  14  to  18  and reflected by an object to be photographed. A distance detection circuit  7  detects distance data of each light projection position on the basis of an output from the position detection element block  6 . A focusing lens driving circuit  8  drives a focusing lens (not shown) for focusing. A zoom lens driving circuit  9  drives a zoom lens (not shown) for changing the focal length of the photographic lens. A switch (SW 1 )  10  is turned on by the first stroke of a shutter button, and a switch (SW 2 )  11  is turned on by the second stroke of the shutter button. A switch (TELE-SW)  12  is for driving the photographic lens toward a long-focal-length side, and a switch (WIDE-SW)  13  is for driving the photographic lens toward a short-focal-length side. 
     FIG. 2 illustrates the relationship between the photographing scene and the positions of distance measuring points according to the first embodiment of the present invention. 
     Referring to FIG. 2, a field  21  indicates a photographing field (photographing scene) in the shortest focal length of the photographic lens of the camera in full size photographing. Fields  22  and  23  are photographing fields obtained when the photographic lens is driven toward the long-focal-length side. A field  24  is a photographing field in the longest focal length of the photographic lens in full size photographing. Points  31  to  35  represent the positions of projected beams, i.e., the distance measuring points. 
     Generally, the angles of projected beams are fixed because a number of demerits take place in cost and operational precision if the angles are variable in correspondence with the focal length of a photographic lens. 
     When the focal length of a photographic lens is changed, therefore, the position of distance measuring point in a photographing field changes relative to the change in focal length. This phenomenon is represented by the shifts of the positions of the distance measuring points in the photographing fields  21  to  24 . It is understood from this movement that the distance measuring points  31  and  35  fall outside the photographing field  24 . 
     In this embodiment, the number of distance measuring points, i.e., the number of light projection elements is five. In many instances, however, beams are projected onto three points by taking into account a time required for projection, effectiveness, complexity in arithmetic operations to be performed later, and the like. 
     In this embodiment, in full size photographing, the distance measuring points  31 ,  33 , and  35  are selected when the focal length of the photographic lens corresponds to the photographing field  21  or  22 , and the distance measuring points  32 ,  33 , and  34  are selected when the focal length of the photographic lens corresponds to the photographing field  23  or  24 , in order to arrange the distance measuring points at equal intervals as much as possible in a central portion of each photographing field. 
     In FIG. 2, ▪ indicates a selected distance measuring point, and □ indicates a non-selected distance measuring point. 
     In panorama size photographing, in contrast, control is performed such that distances to points farther from the center than in full size photographing can be measured, since a probability that a principal object to be photographed is present at a position other than the central portion of a scene is higher than that in full size photographing. 
     That is, as illustrated on the right side of FIG. 2, the distance measuring points  31 ,  33 , and  35  are chosen when the focal length of the photographic lens corresponds to one of photographing fields  41  to  43 , and the distance measuring points  32 ,  33 , and  34  are chosen only when the focal length corresponds to a photographing field  44 . 
     Operations of the camera with the above arrangement will be described below. 
     A print format is selected by the format selection circuit  2 , and the focal length of the photographic lens is set by using, e.g., the switches TELE-SW and WIDE-SW, thereby performing a ready operation of photographing. Thereafter, when the shutter button (not shown) is depressed to its first stroke, the switch SW 1  is turned on. 
     The microprocessor  1  reads the result selected by the format selection circuit  2  and also reads the focal length of the photographic lens from the focal length detection circuit  4 . If the microprocessor  1  determines that a detection result from the vertical/lateral posture detection circuit  3  indicates a lateral posture, the microprocessor  1  drives, on the basis of the print format and focal length data already read, the light projection element select driving circuit  5  to selectively cause the light projection elements  14  to  18  to project light such that either the combination of  31 ,  33 , and  35  or the combination of  32 ,  33 , and  34  is obtained as light projection positions, as shown in FIG.  2 . 
     The beams projected by the selected individual light projection elements are reflected by an object to be photographed and incident on the position detection element block  6 . On the basis of data obtained by the position detection element block  6 , the distance detection circuit  7  calculates distance measurement data of each distance measuring point and transfers the data to the microprocessor  1 . The microprocessor  1  carries out operations on the basis of the data corresponding to each distance measuring point, determining an amount and a direction in which the focusing lens is actually driven. 
     When the shutter button is further depressed to turn on the switch SW 2 , the microprocessor  1  drives the focusing lens driving circuit  8  in accordance with the above operation result and performs exposure to the film surface by using an exposing means (not shown). Subsequently, the microprocessor  1  feeds the film to take up the exposed frame by using a film feeding means (not shown) and waits until the shutter button is released. When the shutter button is released, the microprocessor  1  again waits until the switch SW 1  is turned on. 
     If, for example, the result selected by the format selection circuit  2  indicates a panorama size and the detection result from the vertical/lateral posture detection circuit  3  indicates a vertical posture, a light projection element for a distance measuring point located in the lower portion of a photographing scene is not chosen. 
     This is so because, in performing vertical posture photographing in a panorama mode, a distance measuring point in the lower portion of a photographing scene measures a short distance, such as a distance to the ground, in many cases. It is predicted that, if normal data processing is executed in this case, an object closer to the closest focusing distance side than to a principal object to be photographed is focused under the influence of distance measurement data from this distance measuring point. 
     This state of photographing will be described with reference to FIG.  3 . 
     Referring to FIG. 3, a field  51  shows a photographing field in the shortest focal length of the photographic lens of the camera. Fields  52  and  53  indicate photographing fields obtained when the photographic lens is moved toward the long-focal-length side. Points  31  to  35  are distance measuring points as in the case of a lateral posture. 
     When the photographing field  51  is set, it is determined that no adverse effect is present in this vertical posture because the distance measuring points are located near the center. Therefore, as in the case of the lateral posture, the distance measuring points  31 ,  33 , and  35  are selected. 
     When the focal length is increased to set the photographing field  52 , in which field the distance measuring points  31 ,  33 , and  35  are chosen in the lateral posture, the distance measuring point  31  is located in a rather lower portion of the scene in this vertical posture. Since this increases a possibility that a distance to an object which a photographer does not expect is measured, the distance measuring point  32  rather than the distance measuring point  31  is chosen. 
     When the focal length is further increased to set the photographing field  53 , the distance measuring point  31  falls outside the photographing field, and so the distance measuring point  32  is selected. In this case, it is determined that it is safe to select the distance measuring point  32  because the distance measuring point  32  is close to the center of the photographing field. The influence of this selection depends upon particularly the focal length of the photographic lens and the arrangement of the distance measuring points in the photographing scene. It is therefore most effective to determine whether a given distance measuring point is to be selected in accordance with both the data of the focal length of the photographic lens and the vertical posture detection result. 
     Steps  301  to  317  of a flow chart shown in FIG. 4 explain a series of operations of the camera described above. 
     FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing a schematic arrangement of a camera including an active distance measuring device according to the second embodiment of the present invention, which illustrates a circuit for carrying out the second embodiment of the present invention. 
     Referring to FIG. 5, a microprocessor  101  performs sequence control of the camera. A format selection circuit  102  selects a print format (a full size or a panorama size). A vertical/lateral posture detection circuit  103  detects the vertical posture or the lateral posture of a scene during photographing. A focal length detection circuit  104  detects the focal length of a photographic lens. A light projection element select driving circuit  105  drives light projection elements. Light projection elements  114  to  116  are fixed to a camera main body so as to project light components at respective predetermined angles with respect to the optical axis of the photographic lens. 
     A position detection element block  106  detects light components projected by the light projection elements  114  to  116  and reflected by an object to be photographed. A distance detection circuit  107  detects distance data of each light projection position on the basis of an output from the position detection element block  106 . A focusing lens driving circuit  108  drives a focusing lens (not shown) for focusing. A zoom lens driving circuit  109  drives a zoom lens (not shown) for changing the focal length of the photographic lens. A switch (SW 1 )  110  is turned on by the first stroke of a shutter button, and a switch (SW 2 )  111  is turned on by the second stroke of the shutter button. A switch (TELE-SW)  112  is for driving the photographic lens toward a long-focal-length side, and a switch (WIDE-SW)  113  is for driving the photographic lens toward a short-focal-length side. 
     FIG. 6 illustrates the relationship between the photographing scene and the positions of distance measuring points according to the second embodiment of the present invention. 
     Referring to FIG. 6, a field  71  indicates a photographing field (photographing scene) in the shortest focal length of the photographic lens of the camera in full size photographing. Fields  72  and  73  are photographing fields obtained when the photographic lens is driven toward the long-focal-length side. A field  74  is a photographing field in the longest focal length of the photographic lens in full size photographing. Points  61  to  63  represent the positions of projected beams, i.e., the distance measuring points. 
     When the focal length of a photographic lens is changed, the position of distance measuring point in a photographing field changes relative to the change in focal length. This phenomenon is represented by the shifts of the positions of the distance measuring points in the photographing fields  71  to  74 . 
     In this embodiment, it is assumed that the number of distance measuring points is three in photographing of either size. 
     In FIG. 6, OOO represent weighting amounts for the individual distance measuring points when an amount and a direction in which the focusing lens is actually driven are calculated from data obtained at these points. OOO indicate that the data of the distance measuring points are processed evenly. 
     For example, when data indicating the shortest distance is to be selected from the data of the individual distance measuring points, the data obtained at these points are simply compared with one another. This is based on the assumption that these distance measuring points measure the distance to the same object to be photographed because the points are located close to the center of the photographing scene. 
     If the focal length is increased, on the other hand, the right and left distance measuring points move closer to the peripheries of the photographing scene. Therefore, weighting for these distance measuring points in the data operation is decreased compared to that for the central distance measuring point on the basis of the assumption that these points do not measure the distance to a principal object to be photographed except in some specific conditions. This is expressed by O⊚O. 
     In performing panorama size photographing, in contrast, a probability that a principal object to be photographed is present in a portion other than the central portion of a scene is increased. Therefore, weighting for distance measurement data of points apart from the center of the scene is increased to be larger than that in full size photographing. 
     In this embodiment, therefore, as illustrated on the right side of FIG. 6, weighting amounts for the data of the distance measuring points  61 ,  62 , and  63  are given evenly throughout photographing fields  81  to  84  corresponding to the individual focal lengths of the photographic lens. 
     Operations of the camera with the above arrangement will be described below. 
     A print format is selected by the format selection circuits  102 , and the focal length of the photographic lens is set by using, e.g., the switches TELE-SW and WIDE-SW, thereby performing a ready operation of photographing. Thereafter, when the shutter button (not shown) is depressed to its first stroke, the switch SW 1  is turned on. 
     The microprocessor  101  reads the result selected by the format selection circuit  102 , the focal length of the photographic lens from the focal length detection circuit  104 , and a detection result from the vertical/lateral posture detection circuit  103 . Subsequently, the microprocessor  1  drives the light projection element select driving circuit  105  to cause the light projection elements  114  to  116  to project light. 
     The beams projected by the individual light projection elements  114  to  116  are reflected by an object to be photographed and incident on the position detection element block  106 . On the basis of data obtained by the position detection element block  106 , the distance detection circuit  107  calculates distance measurement data at each distance measuring point and transfers the data to the microprocessor  101 . The microprocessor  101  carries out operations on the basis of the data corresponding to each distance measuring point. In this case, the microprocessor  101  alters the operation method in accordance with FIG. 6 on the basis of the print format, the focal length of the photographic lens, and the information about the vertical or lateral posture already read. In this manner, an amount and a direction in which the focusing lens is actually driven are determined by the operation result obtained appropriately in accordance with the condition. 
     When the shutter button is further depressed to turn on the switch SW 2 , the microprocessor  101  drives the focusing lens driving circuit  108  in accordance with the above operation result and performs exposure to the film surface by using an exposing means (not shown). Subsequently, the microprocessor  101  feeds the film to take up the exposed frame by using a film feeding means (not shown) and waits until the shutter button is released. When the shutter button is released, the microprocessor  1  waits again until the switch SW 1  is turned on. 
     If, for example, the result selected by the format selection circuit  102  indicates a panorama size and the detection result from the vertical/lateral posture detection circuit  3  indicates a vertical posture, different weighting from that in a lateral posture can be performed for the same reason as in the first embodiment. 
     This state of photographing will be described with reference to FIG.  7 . 
     Referring to FIG. 7, a field  91  indicates a photographing field in the shortest focal length of the photographic lens of the camera. Fields  92  and  93  indicate photographing fields obtained when the photographic lens is moved toward the long-focal-length side. Points  61  to  63  are distance measuring points like in the case of a lateral posture. 
     When the photographing field  91  or  92  is set, it is determined that no adverse effect is present in this vertical posture because the distance measuring points are located near the center. Therefore, as in the case of the lateral posture and the short focal length, data of the distance measuring points  61  to  63  are operated uniformly. 
     When the focal length is further increased to set the photographing field  93 , in which field weighing amounts for the data of the distance measuring points  61 ,  62 , and  63  are the same in the lateral posture, the distance measuring point  61  is located in a rather lower portion of the scene in this vertical posture. Since this increases a possibility that a distance to an object which a photographer does not expect is measured, the weighting amount for the data of the distance measuring point  61  is further decreased (indicated by Δ). 
     Steps  401  to  417  of a flow chart shown in FIG. 8 explain a series of operations of the camera described above. 
     FIG. 9 is a block diagram showing a schematic arrangement of a camera including an external measurement type passive distance measuring device according to the third embodiment of the present invention. 
     Referring to FIG. 9, a microprocessor  201  performs sequence control of the camera. A format selection circuit  202  selects a print format (a full size or a panorama size). A vertical/lateral posture detection circuit  203  detects the vertical posture or the lateral posture of a scene during photographing. A focal length detection circuit  204  detects the focal length of a photographic lens. A sensor array  205  consists of a plurality of picture elements such as CCDs. A window selection circuit  206  selects a picture element range (to be referred to as a window hereinafter) so as to obtain an output from the sensor array  205 . A distance detection circuit  207  detects distance data of each distance measuring point on the basis of the output from the sensor array  205  which is selected by the window selection circuit  206 . A focusing lens driving circuit  208  drives a focusing lens (not shown) for focusing. A zoom lens driving circuit  209  drives a zoom lens (not shown) for changing the focal length of the photographic lens. A switch (SW 1 )  210  is turned on by the first stroke of a shutter button, and a switch (SW 2 )  211  is turned on by the second stroke of the shutter button. A switch (TELE-SW)  212  is for driving the photographic lens toward a long-focal-length side, and a switch (WIDE-SW)  213  is for driving the photographic lens toward a short-focal-length side. 
     FIG. 10 illustrates the relationship between the photographing scene (in a lateral posture) and the positions of distance measuring points according to the third embodiment of the present invention, in which a field  131  represents a photographing field in full size photographing. 
     When the focal length of the photographic lens is changed, the window selection circuit  206  switches the windows of the sensor array  205 . This makes it possible to consistently set the distance measuring points at the same positions in a photographing scene regardless of the change in focal length of the photographic lens. This is the most significant difference of this passive distance measuring device from the active distance measuring device. 
     Points  121 ,  122 , and  123  illustrated in the photographing field  131  indicate distance measuring points determined by a window which is selected in a given focal length in full size photographing. 
     In performing panorama size photographing, in contrast, a probability that a principal object to be photographed is present in a portion other than the central portion of a scene is increased. Therefore, control is so performed as to be able to measure points farther from the center than in full size photographing. 
     In this embodiment, therefore, as illustrated in a photographing field  131  on the right side of FIG. 10, the window selection circuit  206  moves the distance measuring points  121 ,  122 , and  123  toward the peripheries of the photographing scene. 
     In addition, when photographing in a vertical posture is to be performed in a panorama size, a distance measuring point in the lower portion of the photographing scene measures a short distance, such as a distance to the ground, in many cases. 
     This state of photographing will be described with reference to FIG.  11 . 
     Referring to FIG. 11, a field  133  indicates a photographing field in vertical posture photographing in a full size, and a field  134  indicates a photographing field in vertical posture photographing in a panorama size. 
     In panorama size photographing, distance measuring points are preferably arranged close to the peripheries of a scene. In photographing in vertical posture, however, a distance measuring point located in the lower portion of a scene measures a short distance, such as a distance to the ground, in many instances as mentioned above. It is predicted that, if normal data processing is executed in this case, an object closer to the closest focusing distance side than to a principal object to be photographed is focused under the influence of distance measuring data of that distance measuring point. 
     In performing vertical posture photographing in a panorama size, therefore, a distance measuring point located in the lower portion of a photographing scene is shifted toward the center of the photographing scene. That is, although the distance measuring point  121  is originally positioned at a location indicated by □ in panorama photographing, it is shifted to a position indicated by ▪ in the direction (upward in FIG. 11) of the central portion of the photographing scene. 
     Operations of the camera with the above arrangement will be described below. 
     A print format is selected by the format selection circuits  202 , and the focal length of the photographic lens is set by using, e.g., the switches TELE-SW and WIDE-SW, thereby performing a ready operation of photographing. Thereafter, when the shutter button (not shown) is depressed to its first stroke, the switch SW 1  is turned on. 
     The microprocessor  201  reads the result selected by the format selection circuit  202 , the focal length of the photographic lens from the focal length detection circuit  204 , and a detection result from the vertical/lateral posture detection circuit  203 . 
     If the print format selected by the format selection circuit  202  is a full size, the window selection circuit  206  is driven such that the distance measuring points in the photographing field are arranged as indicated by the points  121 ,  122 , and  123  shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, regardless of whether the result detected by the vertical/lateral posture detection circuit  203  indicates a vertical or lateral posture, and the corresponding data of the sensor array  205  is applied to the distance detection circuit  207 . On the basis of the data obtained from the sensor array  205 , the distance detection circuit  207  calculates distance measuring data at each distance measuring point and transfers the data to the microprocessor  201 . The microprocessor  201  carries out operations on the basis of the data corresponding to each distance measuring point, determining an amount and a direction in which the focusing lens is actually driven. 
     When the shutter button is further depressed to turn on the switch SW 2 , the microprocessor  201  drives the focusing lens driving circuit  208  in accordance with the above operation result and performs exposure to the film surface by using an exposing means (not shown). Subsequently, the microprocessor  101  feeds the film to take up the exposed frame by using a film feeding means (not shown) and waits until the shutter button is released. When the shutter button is released, the microprocessor  1  waits again until the switch SW 1  is turned on. 
     If the result detected by the vertical/lateral posture detection circuit  203  indicates the lateral posture and the print format selected by the format selection circuit  202  is a panorama size, the window selection circuit  206  is so driven as to arrange the distance measuring points in the photographing field  132  as indicated by the points  121 ,  122 , and  123  as illustrated on the right side of FIG.  10 . 
     If the result detected by the vertical/lateral posture detection circuit  203  indicates the vertical posture and the print format selected by the format selection circuit  202  is the panorama size, the window selection circuit  206  is driven such that a distance measuring point located in the lower portion of the photographing scene is shifted toward the center of the scene (see the right side of FIG.  11 ). 
     Steps  501  to  517  of a flow chart shown in FIG. 12 explain a series of operations of the camera described above. 
     In this external measurement type passive distance measuring device according to the third embodiment, like in the second embodiment mentioned earlier, it is effective in decreasing the possibility of erroneous distance measurement to change the operation method (change the weighting) suitable for the characteristics of a format in accordance with the result selected by the format selection circuit  202 . 
     According to the above embodiments, in the active distance measuring device, the light projection element select driving circuit  5  selectively drives proper light projection elements in accordance with the result selected by the format selection circuit  2 , and, in the passive distance measuring device, the window selection circuit  206  selects an appropriate window in accordance with the result selected by the format selection circuit  202 . This makes it possible to measure the distance to a position suitable for the print format selected, i.e., measure the distance to a position at which a probability of the presence of a principal object to be photographed is high in accordance with the print format selected. This effectively reduces a possibility of occurrence of a phenomenon in which a background rather than a principal object to be photographed is focused, i.e., a phenomenon so-called out of focus which often takes place in conventional devices. 
     In addition, the operation circuit performs weighting for distance measuring data suitable for the characteristics of a format in accordance with the result selected by the format selection circuit  102 . This reduces the influence of distance measuring data of points except for a point of a principal object to be photographed, thereby effectively decreasing the possibility of erroneous distance measurement. 
     Furthermore, the influence of erroneous distance measurement can be further reduced by taking into account the influence inherent in photographing in a vertical posture. 
     This makes it possible to consistently measure the distance to an appropriate position in a photographing scene regardless of the selected print format, or to consistently calculate an optimal photographic lens driving amount by which a principal object to be photographed is focused regardless of the selected print format. 
     The present invention is also applicable to a device for obtaining defocus information for a plurality of portions in a scene in accordance with a TTL scheme. 
     In each of the above embodiments, the manner of distance measurement (including defocus detection; the same shall apply in the following description) or focus adjustment is changed in accordance with the print format. However, the print format can be changed in accordance with the manner of distance measurement or focus adjustment. 
     Also, warning can be performed without changing the manner of distance measurement or focus adjustment or the print format. 
     A camera according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG.  13 . 
     Referring to FIG. 13, this fourth embodiment includes a photographic lens  601 , a lens position encoder  602 , a lens driving motor  603 , a motor driver circuit  604 , a CPU (a microcomputer; to be abbreviated as a CPU hereinafter)  605  for controlling an operation sequence of the camera (not shown), a switch (to be abbreviated as an SW hereinafter)  611  interlocked with a standard/panorama select SW, an SW  612  interlocked with a macro photographing operation SW, AND gates  614  and  615 , an XOR gate  616 , a warning circuit  617 , and a warning LED  618 . 
     When a macro mode is not set, the SW  612  is open to apply an H-level signal to the inverting input terminal of the AND gate  615 . When a panorama mode is not set, the SW  611  is open to apply an H-level signal to the inverting input terminal of the AND gate  614 . Consequently, both outputs from the AND gates  614  and  615  are at level L. In this condition, the CPU performs a normal photographing operation in accordance with operations of a photographing button (not shown). 
     When the macro mode alone is set, the SW  612  is closed to apply an L-level signal to one input terminal of the XOR gate  616 . Therefore, an output from the XOR gate  616  goes to level H, and so an H-level signal is output from the AND gate  615  to the CPU  605 . 
     Upon detecting this H-level signal, the CPU outputs a control signal to the motor driver circuit  604  to drive the photographic lens  601  to a predetermined telephoto-side macro photographing position while monitoring a signal from the lens position encoder  602 . If the macro mode is canceled, the SW  612  is opened to cause the AND gate  615  to output an L-level signal. Upon detecting this L-level signal, the CPU  605  outputs a control signal to the motor driver circuit  604  to drive the photographic lens  601  back to a predetermined standard photographing position while monitoring the signal from the lens position encoder  602 . 
     When the panorama mode alone is set, on the other hand, the SW  611  is closed to apply an L-level signal to one input terminal of the XOR gate  616 . Therefore, the output from the XOR gate  616  goes to level H, and so the AND gate  614  outputs an H-level signal to the CPU  605 . If the macro mode is set in this state and consequently the SW  612  is closed, both the inputs to the XOR gate  616  go to level L, and this changes the output from the XOR gate  616  to level L. Therefore, both the outputs from the AND gates  614  and  615  go to level L, so the CPU  605  does not perform lens driving because it cannot detect setting of the macro mode. If the panorama mode is set after the macro mode is set, the output from the AND gate  615  changes from level H to level L. Consequently, as in the case in which the macro mode is canceled, the CPU  605  returns the photographic lens  601  to the predetermined standard photographing position. In this case, if both the SWs  611  and  612  are closed to set the output from the XOR gate  616  to level L, all inputs to the warning circuit  617  go to level L. The warning circuit  617  therefore drives the warning LED  618  to inform a photographer of the inadequate setting. 
     With the above arrangement, the panorama mode or the macro mode is not transmitted to the CPU  605  unless one of these modes is canceled. This makes it possible to prevent occurrence of a problem that a field viewed through a viewfinder is not photographed. 
     FIGS. 14 and 15 illustrate the fifth embodiment of the present invention. 
     The camera of the above embodiment is constituted by a simple logic circuit. As in this fifth embodiment shown in FIG. 14, however, it is also possible to omit this logic circuit and obtain a similar effect by using programs of a CPU. In FIG. 14, the same reference numerals as in FIG. 13 denote the same parts, and a detailed description thereof will be omitted. 
     FIG. 15 shows a flow chart of a control operation performed by a camera of this embodiment. 
     Referring to FIGS. 14 and 15, a CPU  605  reads the state of an operation SW in step  701  and checks in step  702  whether the state of the operation SW is changed by comparing this state with that of the operation SW which is stored beforehand in a RAM or the like. If the state of the operation SW is changed, the flow advances to step  703 , and the CPU  605  performs an XOR operation for the state of an operation SW for a panorama mode and the state of an operation SW for a macro mode. Subsequently, in step  711 , the CPU  605  checks whether the result of this XOR operation is 1. 
     If the result of the XOR operation is not 1, the CPU  605  executes an initial process of warning display in step  712 . Thereafter, the flow advances to step  704 , and the CPU  605  checks whether a photographing button is pushed. If the photographing button is not pushed, the flow returns to step  701 . If the photographing button is pushed, the flow advances to step  705 , and the CPU  605  checks whether the macro mode is set. If the macro mode is not set, the CPU  605  executes a normal photographing operation in step  706 , and the flow returns to the loop of repeating steps  701  and  702 . If the macro mode is set, the flow advances to step  709 , and the CPU  605  performs a ready operation of the macro mode, such as driving of a photographing optical system. The flow then advances to step  710  to execute the macro photographing operation. 
     If the CPU  605  detects in step  711  that the result of the XOR operation is 1, the flow advances to step  707 , and the CPU  605  checks whether the panorama mode is set. If the panorama mode is not set, the CPU  605  executes the initial process of warning display in step  712 . Thereafter, the flow advances to step  704  to perform the normal photographing operation as described above. If the panorama mode is set, the CPU  605  performs a warning display process in step  713 , warning that both the panorama and macro modes are set. The flow then advances to step  708 , and the CPU  605  executes a release operation of the macro mode. This release operation may be either initialization of, e.g., a RAM, or actual driving of, e.g., the photographic lens. Thereafter, the loop of steps  701  and  702  is repeatedly executed. As a consequence, photographing is inhibited while the panorama and macro modes are simultaneously set. 
     With the above operation, it is possible to prevent occurrence of a problem that a field viewed through a viewfinder is not photographed. 
     In addition to the above embodiment, it is also possible to modify the arrangement such that the panorama mode SW and the macro mode SW can be operated in only a mechanical XOR manner. 
     According to the embodiments shown in FIGS. 13 to  15  as described above, there can be provided a camera including a means for detecting setting of a panorama mode, a means for detecting setting of a macro mode, and an XOR means for XORing output signals from these detecting means, wherein a photographing mode is determined in accordance with an output from the XOR means, thereby preventing taking of a photograph that is largely different from the photographic purpose of a photographer. 
     In the embodiments shown in FIGS. 13 to  15 , the panorama mode is set by manually moving a light-shielding frame to shield a photographing aperture and a viewfinder. Therefore, in setting or releasing the panorama mode, the light-shielding frame is not operated automatically, unlike driving of the photographic lens in the macro mode. It is, however, also possible move the light-shielding frame by using a motor or the like in response to setting or release of the panorama mode, like in the case of the macro mode. 
     In the embodiments shown in FIGS. 13 to  15 , photographing itself is inhibited if the panorama and macro modes are set simultaneously. However, it is also possible to perform only warning without inhibiting photographing. Alternatively, either the panorama or macro mode also can be selected preferentially if the two modes are set simultaneously. 
     In the embodiments shown in FIGS. 13 to  15 , the present invention is similarly applicable to a photographing operation within a predetermined distance range or another operation not limited to photographing as well as the macro mode. 
     In all of the above embodiments, print formats are not limited to a full size and a panorama size but may be some other sizes. 
     In addition, a print format can also be simply designated to a laboratory. 
     Furthermore, in each of the above embodiments, the device capable of measuring or operating the distances to a plurality of positions in a scene, the device for macro photographing, the device for selecting a print format, and the like are incorporated in a camera. However, it is also possible to externally attach these devices as adapters. In this case, a means for obtaining connections between the camera and the adapters like in the above embodiments is provided in either the camera or the adapters. 
     Also, the above embodiments can be combined as needed. 
     The individual components shown in schematic or block form in the drawings are all well-known in the camera arts and their specific construction and operation are not critical to the operation or best mode for carrying out the invention. 
     While the present invention has been described with respect to what is presently considered to be the preferred embodiments, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments. To the contrary, the invention is intended to cover various modifications and equivalent arrangements included within the spirit and scope of the appended claims. The scope of the following claims is to be accorded the broadest interpretation so as to encompass all such modifications and equivalent structures and functions.