Abstract:
A stethoscope having an optical fiber light for providing light suitable for patient examination emanating from the chestpiece of the stethoscope. A battery operated light source is provided near the junction of the binaurals and light is transmitted by optical fiber along the stethoscope tubing into the chestpiece and out the side opposite the tubing. A switch for activating and deactivating the light can be operated by manipulation of the binaurals or rotation of the chestpiece.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention relates to a stethoscope having a light suitable for patient examination. More particularly, the invention relates to a stethoscope providing a narrow beam, optical fiber light where the optical fiber emits light from the stethoscope chestpiece. The source of the light transmitted through the optical fiber is located at the junction of the stethoscope binaurals, where the binaurals connect to the stethoscope tubing. The optical fiber extends from the light source along the length of the tubing into the chestpiece, emitting a beam of light emitted from the opposite side of the chestpiece. In this manner a medical practitioner always has a convenient source of light within arm&#39;s reach suitable for patient examination. 
     A small but focused beam of light is frequently used by medical practitioners for examining patients&#39; eyes, ears, nose and throat, among other uses. For example, physicians and nurses use light beams to examine patients&#39; eyes, to chart pupillary size and response to light, as well as to inspect portions and alignment of the eyes and characteristics of the external eye structure. Otoscopes with lights are used to examine the condition of the ear canal and eardrum, and to safely visualize the presence of foreign objects. With regard to the nose and sinus, light is useful in determining source or nature of sinus drainage, or detect nasal obstruction that may interfere with breathing. Lights also can illuminate the supraorbital ridge or frontal bone and illuminate frontal and maxillary sinuses. 
     Normally, medical practitioners use small, individual flashlights to provide light sources, particularly for examining eyes, nose and throat. These flashlights are specifically designed for this purpose and are typically carried in the practitioner&#39;s shirt pocket. However, they are often set down, misplaced or borrowed by other practitioners, particularly in busy hospital or clinic examining areas shared by many practitioners. Thus, practitioners are frequently faced with the situation of being without an examining light and having to search for one. It would therefore be desirable for a practitioner to have a light source that is readily available and convenient, easy to use, that is not easily misplaced or likely to be borrowed. 
     Accordingly, it would be desirable to have a light source in combination with a stethoscope. Medical practitioners that would use an examining light source also use stethoscopes as an indispensable instrument. Generally worn about the neck, even when not in use, practitioners tend to guard their stethoscopes and not lend them to other practitioners. Because of their indispensability and frequent use, stethoscopes are kept readily at hand and are seldom, if ever, set down so that they can become misplaced. By having a light emanating from the chestpiece of the stethoscope, a light is available at arm&#39;s reach, providing convenience and ease of use. 
     It is also desirable to use a light beam of the type transmitted through optical fibers. An optical fiber produces a cool, focused light beam with no reflections or obstruction. Further, halogen light sources can be used which provide more light output than incandescent lights, resulting in truer tissue color and consistent, long-lasting illumination. 
     It is therefore an object of this invention to provide an examination light that is convenient, easy to use and readily available, and that is not easily lost or misplaced, nor likely to be borrowed. It is also an object of this invention to provide a stethoscope which also functions to provide a convenient source of an examination light. It is a further object of this invention to provide an optical fiber light suitable for patient examination. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a stethoscope having a light emanating from its chestpiece. The stethoscope generally comprises a pair of binaurals connected at a junction to tubing which leads to the chestpiece. The chestpiece comprises a circular metallic device having a conical bell on one side and a diaphragm on the other, separated by a cylindrical chestpiece member. An electrical light source is located preferably at the binaural junction, which illuminates one end of an optical fiber. The light source comprises a light bulb, a source of power such as a battery, and means for activating or deactivating the bulb. The optical fiber extends from the light source along the length of the tubing to the chestpiece. It is positioned on the outside of the stethoscope tubing so as not to cause interference with the acoustical properties of the tubing itself. A covering or sheath can be placed over the tubing and the optical fiber to hold the optical fiber in place. The optical fiber light of this invention may be used with both single tube stethoscopes and double tube Sprague stethoscopes. 
     After reaching the chestpiece, the optical fiber passes into the chestpiece in the central piece between the bell and the diaphragm. In the preferred embodiment, the optical fiber passes directly through the chestpiece, in a manner so as not to interfere with the acoustical properties of the chestpiece, and terminates on the opposite side in an opening or channel for the beam of light to exit. However, the optical fiber may also be configured to emit light at any other suitable position on the chestpiece, such as the edge of the diaphragm. Having the light emitted from the chestpiece itself affords the user a very convenient means for holding and using the light. As stethoscopes are generally worn around the practitioner&#39;s neck by the binaurals, even when not in active use, the chestpiece/light is always handy and within arm&#39;s reach. 
     For added convenience, the chestpiece may further comprise means for activating and deactivating the bulb at the binaural junction. Such means include toggle or slide switches, push button switches, push and hold switches and “twist” switches. 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     The above objects and advantages of the invention will become manifest to one skilled in the art from considering the following detailed description of an embodiment of the invention in light of the accompanying drawings, in which: 
     FIG. 1 is a of the stethoscope with optical fiber light of the present invention; 
     FIG. 2 is a further view of the stethoscope with optical fiber light of FIG. 1, showing one manner or activating or deactivating the light source; 
     FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the stethoscope tubing along A—A, for a Sprague stethoscope; 
     FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the stethoscope tubing along A—A, for a single tube stethoscope; 
     FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the chestpiece of the invention; 
     FIG. 6 is the cross-sectional view of a further embodiment of the chestpiece; 
     FIG. 7 is an end view of the chestpiece; 
     FIG. 8 is a top view of the chestpiece of a Sprague stethoscope; and 
     FIG. 9 is a view of the proximal end of the optical fiber at the binaural junction. 
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
     Referring now to the drawings wherein the showings are for the purpose of illustrating a preferred embodiment of the present invention and not for purposes of limiting the same, FIGS. 1 and 2 perspectively illustrate the stethoscope with optical fiber light  10  of the present invention. The stethoscope generally comprises a pair of binaurals  12 , usually made of metal such as steel, ending in ear pieces  14  for acoustical connection of the stethoscope  10  with the ears of the user. Latex tubing  16  is attached at the end of the binaurals  12  opposite the ear pieces, and merges at junction  18  to form a single tube with terminates at chestpiece  20 . Chestpiece  20  is comprised of a bell  22  and a diaphragm  24  separated by a cylindrical frame member  26  which has a stem  28  for attachment of tubing  16 . In many stethoscopes, bell  22  and diaphragm  24  freely rotate axially with respect to frame member  26 . 
     Referring now to FIGS. 1-4, in accordance with this invention an optical fiber  30  extends from above tubing junction  18  along the tubing  16  and terminates within chestpiece  20 . A source of light  32 , primarily a light bulb as designed to provide sufficient light to optical fiber  30 , is positioned adjacent the proximal end  34  of optical fiber  30 . It is preferred, however, that halogen lamps such as the 3.5 volt halogen lamp currently known in the art be used as the light source. Halogen lamps produce about 30% more light than incandescent bulbs, resulting in superior illumination. The optical fiber  30  can be any type of optical fiber for transporting light adequate for the purpose of this invention, that my be known to those of skill in the art. Further, the thickness or diameter of optical fiber  30  can be of varying degree as necessary, but generally optical fibers having diameters in the range of 1 mm to 5 mm can be used, with diameters of about 3-4 mm being preferred. 
     In the preferred embodiment of this invention, the optical fiber  30  is disposed adjacent to the acoustical tubing  16 , so as not to interfere with the acoustical properties of tubing  16 . FIG.  4 . However, it is contemplated that the optical fiber  30  may be placed inside the tubing  16 , or even embedded within the tubing wall itself (not shown). It is also preferred that the tubing  16  together with optical fiber  30  be wrapped in a covering means such as a sheath  36 , which could be fabric, rubber or any other suitable material. Besides offering protection and support to the optical fiber  16 , the sheath  36  securely holds the fiber  30  against the tubing  16  to reduce extraneous noise caused by the friction of the fiber  30  rubbing against the tube(s)  16 . When the optical fiber light is used with the double tube Sprague stethoscope, the optical fiber  30  is placed between tubes  16 . See FIG.  3 . Sheath  36  can also secure a thin electrical wire  52  which is necessary for certain embodiments where the switching means is provided in the chestpiece  20 . See FIG.  7 . 
     Referring now to FIGS. 5 and 6, the tubing  16  ends at the chestpiece  20 , usually by connection to the stem  28  which protrudes from cylindrical frame member  26 . The distal end  38  of the optical fiber  30 , however, enters the chestpiece  20  through the stem  28  and continues through the chestpiece  20  and terminates at an opening  40  located in chestpiece  20  opposite the stem  28 . Opening  40  permits a beam of light to be emitted from optical fiber  30 , and can be positioned at any suitable location on the chestpiece  20 . FIG. 5 illustrates optical fiber  30  passing directly through the frame member  26  of the chestpiece  20 , ending 180° opposite stem  28 . FIG. 6 on the other hand, illustrates the distal end  38  ending along the rim of diaphragm  24 , again at 180° opposite stem  28 . Although either of these locations for the distal end  38  allow the user ready and convenient access to a light beam by manually holding the chestpiece  20 , other locations may also be used. 
     In the Sprague stethoscope embodiment, FIG. 8, two stems  28  protrude from cylindrical frame member  26  for attachment of the latex tubes  16 . While it is a design choice, optical fiber  30  may directly enter frame member  26  as shown, or may enter through one of the stems  28  as in FIG.  6 . In either case, the terminal end of the optical fiber would be the same as in the single tube stethoscope. 
     Referring to FIGS. 1,  2  and  9 , a compartment  42  is provided between the binaurals  12  at the junction  18  of the tubes  16  and adjacent the proximal end  34  of optical fiber  30 . Compartment  42  houses the light source  32  and the electrical components necessary for operation of the light source  32 . Typically a light bulb of the type suitable for providing light to be transmitted through an optical fiber, the light source  32  is positioned adjacent the proximal end  34  of optical fiber  30 . It is preferred that a  3 . 5 v halogen lamp of the type known in the art is utilized as the light source. Light source  32  is powered by battery means  54  contained in compartment  42 . A number of types of batteries to provide sufficient voltage to illuminate the light can be used, such as standard “C” dry cell batteries, but rechargeable lithium-ion batteries or nickel-cadmium are preferred. The size of the battery determines the amount of time the light can be operated. 
     Switching means  44  for activating and deactivating the light is also housed in compartment  42 . The switching means  44  can be of any suitable type known to those of skill in the art, such as a push button, toggle switch or the like. In one embodiment of the invention, the switching means  44  comprises a pull-switch which may close a contact  46  with light source  32 , completing an electrical circuit, when the binaurals  12  are manually pulled apart in direction  50  (FIGS.  2  and  9 ). This pull-switch can be of the type used on a common lamp, a ratchet type device activated by pulling a chain, for example. Thus, when binaurals  12  are pulled apart to activate light source  32 , they may be relaxed to be pulled apart a second time to deactivate the light source. 
     In other embodiments of the invention, the switching means  44  is located in chestpiece  20 . The switch could be an on/off push button or toggle switch, but it is preferred that switching means  44  be a push and hold switch, which activates the light  32  as long as the button is held down, and deactivates the light when the button is released. Alternately, the chestpiece itself could become the switch. In this embodiment, the entire chestpiece  20  is be rotated in a clockwise direction  56 , for example, on an axis in line with stem  28 , to activate light source  32 . This operation is much the same mechanism commonly employed in certain flashlights, where the lenspiece is rotated against the flashlight body. Similarly, rotating the chestpiece  20  in the opposite or counterclockwise direction  58  would deactivate the light source  32 . See FIG.  7 . In both these embodiments, a thin electrical wire  52  must be used to connect the switching means  44  of the chestpiece  20  with the power source in compartment  42 . Thus, electrical wire  52  may be contained in sheath  36  as it extends from the chestpiece  20  to the binaural junction  18 . 
     Additional modifications and improvements of the present invention may also be apparent to those skilled in the art. Thus, the particular combination of parts described and illustrated herein is intended to represent only one embodiment of the invention, and is not intended to serve as limitations of alternative devices within the spirit and scope of the invention.