Abstract:
The present invention involves an intelligent electrical energy management system device. The device includes a power supply module ( 2 ), a control module, a memory module, an input module, a clock module ( 12 ) for providing a real-time clock, a current detection module ( 8 ) for detecting the current flowing in electrical equipments ( 91, 92, 93, 9   n ), and an electronic controlled switch. The memory module, the input module, the clock module ( 12 ), the output terminals of the current detection module ( 8 ), and the control terminal of the electronic controlled switch are connected to the data terminals of the control module respectively. An external power supply supplies power to the electrical equipments ( 91, 92, 93, 9   n ) via the electronic controlled switch and the current detection module ( 8 ). The power supply module ( 2 ) is connected to the external power supply and provides power to each module.

Description:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
       [0001]    The present involves a control device, particularly involves an intelligent electrical energy management system device for power consumption management of home, office, and industry. 
       BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
       [0002]    Power consumption of daily life adopts single-phase rated voltage of 120 V or 220/240 V in mains frequency, and power consumption of industry adopts AC three-phase rated voltage of 380/400V in mains frequency. The control device of the first generation low voltage electrical switch is composed of a switch box and a porcelain fuse box, which can realize turning on/off the power supply circuit manually, and can realize turning off the power supply circuit automatically when the current is over the rated value of the fuse. Currently, this technology is basically obsolete. The control device of the second generation low voltage electrical switch is composed of a leakage protector and an air switch. The leakage protector is a switch device which can avoid fire failure caused by electric leakage and can avoid the accident of electrocution; when the leakage current is over a curtain value, the leakage protector can automatically turn off the power switch in a certain time. The air switch is also named breaker, which is used to switch on, break, and carry the rated working current, and can protect the circuit and the electrical equipment in the situation of overload, short circuit, or under voltage. They can realize the function of leakage protection, overcurrent protection, short circuit protection, under voltage protection, etc. But, the leakage protector operates via mechanical linkage, which has low sensitivity and responses slowly. The leakage protector needs to be switched on manually when it is to be electrified; although it can automatically switch off the circuit for leakage protection, the response speed is slow. Moreover, it has no automatic detection function to judge whether the leakage protection function is good or not, so, it needs to be detected manually. The disadvantage of air switch is that the rated current is fixed and too big, which is more than the maximum working current of the electrical equipment used in home and office, so it can not do overcurrent protection indeed. Furthermore, the air switch also operates via mechanical linkage, which has low sensitivity and responses slowly. Especially during overcurrent protection, the heat generated from the contact point makes the metal sheet to become deformed, or magnetic force is generated via electromagnetic induction, so that the mechanical linkage device is pushed to switch off the circuit; during that time, the response speed of mechanical action is slow to be easy to damage the electrical equipment; moreover, the rated value is too big, so, when it is a low current equipment to overload, the circuit is easy to be hot and the current still do not get to the rated value of the air switch, which will cause an accident for the air switch can not act. In the conventional art, the control device of low voltage electrical switch has no overvoltage protection, no under voltage protection, and no timing control; when power failure or unnormal situation occurs, it has no relevant prompt and display, and also can not guide the user to use and operate it correctly. 
       SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
       [0003]    In the above mentioned conventional art, the control device of low voltage electrical switch adopts mechanical linkage method to switch off the circuit for protection, which has the disadvantages of single function, requiring manual operation, and being unable to operate automatically. To solve the above mentioned disadvantages, the present invention provides an intelligent electrical energy management system device, which collects the real time data in the neutral line and the phase line of the wire (referring to the neutral line and phase line, also named as the zero line and the live line) of the external power supply, and a singlechip control unit implements data transformation, logical judgement, correlation analysis, output control, and output display, so as to realize the object of automatic control. 
         [0004]    The technical solution of the present invention to solve the technical problem is that: an intelligent electrical energy management system device comprises a power supply module, a control module, a memory module, an input module, a clock module, a current detection converting module (converting AC signals into DC signals, hereinafter referred to as current detection module), and an electronic controlled switch; the memory module provided in a memory device is connected to the data terminals of the control module; the input module is connected to the data terminals of the control module; the clock module for providing a real time clock is connected to the data terminals of the control module; the output terminals of the current detection module for detecting the current flowing in electrical equipments is connected to the data terminals of the control module; the control terminal of the electronic controlled switch is connected to the data terminals of the control module; an external power supply supplies power to the electrical equipments via the electronic controlled switch and the current detection module; the input terminals of the power supply module is connected to the external power supply, and the output terminals of the power supply module provides power to each module in the device. 
         [0005]    The technical solution of the present invention to solve the technical problems further comprises: 
         [0006]    A temperature detection module for detecting the temperature of the input wire of the power supply is also provided in the device; the temperature-sensing element of the temperature detection module clings to the input wire of the power supply; the output terminals of the temperature detection module are connected to the data terminals of the control module; the temperature-sensing element adopts a thermistor. 
         [0007]    A current detection converting module (converting AC signals into DC signals, hereinafter referred to as current detection module) for detecting the voltage of the external power supply is also provided in the device; the voltage detection module adopts voltage sensor; the power supply signal collecting terminals of the voltage sensor are respectively connected to the neutral line and the phase line of the external power supply; the signal output terminals of the voltage sensor are connected to the data terminals of the control module. 
         [0008]    A display module that is composed of a LED matrix or a liquid crystal display is also provided in the device; the display module is used to display the device information and the operation information, and it is connected to the data terminals of the control module. 
         [0009]    A wireless remote control module for receiving the wireless remote control information is also provided in the device; the wireless remote control module is connected to the data terminals of the control module; the remote control module comprises a superheterodyne wireless transmission module for sending and receiving wireless signals, and the superheterodyne wireless transmission module is connected to the data terminals of a singlechip; a memory chip is connected to the data terminals of the singlechip. 
         [0010]    A sound direction module composed of a buzzer for prompt or alert is also provided in the device, and the sound direction module is connected to the data terminals of the control module. 
         [0011]    A communication module of RS485 protocol for communicating with a computer is also provided in the device, and the communication module is connected to the data terminals of the control module. 
         [0012]    A surge current protection module composed of a piezoresistor or a transient voltage suppressor diode (TVS) is also provided in the device, and the surge current protection module is connected to the wire of the external power supply. 
         [0013]    The external power supply is provided with a leakage protect device, and the leakage protect device has a closed magnetizer that is fixed to the wire of the external power supply by socket joint; a wire is winded around the magnetizer; one terminal of the wire is connected to the ground, and the other terminal is connected to the base of a triode; the positive electrode of the external power supply is connected to the control terminal of the electronic controlled switch via the triode, and the external power supply supplies power to the electrical equipments via the electronic controlled switch. 
         [0014]    The electronic controlled switch can adopt relay, AC contactor, silicon controlled rectifier, photoelectric solid state relay, insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT), or Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor (MOSFET). 
         [0015]    The advantages of the present invention are that: the present invention has real-time voltage and current detection function, and responses quickly to overcurrent, overload, short circuit, overvoltage, or low voltage, so as to protect the electrical equipments from being damaged and other electrical accidents. The present invention also has a leakage protector with automatic start and detection function, and can do temperature detection to the wire, so as to extend the service life of the wire and avoid fire disaster. An automatic time switch is provided to save the power. The present invention let the user reasonably freely arrange and use electrical equipments, via the function of timing, keyboard, display and wireless remote control. The present invention also has a remote control interface to communicate with a computer, so as to realize remoter operation and control. Moreover, the abovementioned functions can be inquired and displayed in real time, so as to guide the user to use the electrical equipments properly, and is convenient for finding the electricity interruption. The present invention adopts the techniques of micro-electronics; the switch part in all the circuit has quick response speed. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0016]    Aspects of the present invention are best understood from the following detailed description when read with reference to the accompanying figures. 
           [0017]      FIG. 1  is a circuit structure diagram of the present invention; 
           [0018]      FIG. 2  is a schematic diagram of the main control circuit of the present invention; 
           [0019]      FIG. 3  is a schematic diagram of the input and display circuit of the present invention; 
           [0020]      FIG. 4  is a schematic diagram of the temperature detection circuit of the present invention; 
           [0021]      FIG. 5  is a schematic diagram of the voltage and current detection circuit of the present invention; 
           [0022]      FIG. 6  is a flow chart of the software of the present invention. 
       
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT 
       [0023]    The present embodiment is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and all the technical solutions that have the same or similar principle and basic structure as the present embodiment are involved in the protected scope of the present invention. 
         [0024]    Referring to  FIG. 1 , the present invention takes the control module as the core, and the control module in the present embodiment adopts a singlechip circuit module. The real-time clock module is connected to the data terminals of the singlechip circuit module via I2C bus to provide accurate real-time clock information to the system, and to provide time information for timing startup and shutdown; the input module is connected to the data terminals of the singlechip circuit module for setting the parameters and so on of the system; the memory module adopts a E2PROM circuit module, and the E2PROM circuit module is connected to the data terminals of the singlechip circuit module via I2C bus; the memory module is used to store various information of the singlechip, and will not lost the data after power off. The control data output terminals of the singlechip circuit module are respectively connected to the control terminal of each group of relay switch, and the external power supply supplies power to the electrical equipments via the relay; the singlechip circuit module can control whether the external power supply supplies power to the corresponding electrical equipments or not by controlling the relay switch to be on or off. A current detection module is provided between the output of the relay and the corresponding electrical equipment, and the current detection module detects the current consumed by the corresponding electrical equipment; the signal output terminals of the current detection module are respectively connected to the data terminals of the singlechip circuit module, so as to achieve the object of overcurrent protection. For displaying the operation steps as configuring the device and for the convenience of operation, the present invention is provided with a display module, and the display module is connected to the data terminals of the singlechip circuit module. The present invention is provided with a sound direction module, and the sound direction module is connected to the data terminals of the singlechip circuit module; the sound direction module adopts a buzzer which is driven to sound by the pulse of corresponding frequency coming from the data terminals of the singlechip circuit module, so that the validity and illegality can be reminded to the user during manual operation or automatic operation of the device, and it also can give an alarm as overload, overvoltage, or overcurrent. A communication module is connected to the data terminals of the singlechip circuit module, and the communication module coverts the signal in the singlechip into a signal of RS485 protocol to communicate with a computer; the present invention can be operated and controlled remotely via a computer, and the invention can also be updated via a computer. For the convenience of operation, a wireless remote control module is connected to the data terminals of the singlechip circuit module, which can be matched to a handheld remote control, so as to operate the present remotely via the remote control. In the present invention, a temperature-sensing element is provided to the wire of the external power supply, and the signal output terminals of a temperature detection module composed mostly of the temperature-sensing element are connected to the data terminals of the singlechip circuit module. In the present invention, the detection input terminals of a voltage detection module are connected to the wire of the external power supply, and the signal output terminals of the voltage detection module are connected to the data terminals of the singlechip circuit module; the voltage detection module is used to detect whether the voltage of the external power supply is stable or not, and is over the rated voltage or not; if the voltage of the external power supply is over the rated voltage, the voltage detection module will send a signal to the singlechip, and the singlechip will control disconnecting the external power supply, so as to avoid damaging the electrical equipments. In the present invention, a surge current protection module is connected to the wire of the external power supply, so as to prevent the electrical equipments from being damaged by high-voltage transient such as lightning stroke. 
         [0025]    Aspects of the present invention are further disclosed via the following specific circuits. 
         [0026]    Referring to  FIG. 2 , the singlechip U 101  cooperates with the external capacitor, resistance, and quartz crystal oscillator to form a singlechip minimal system, which is regarded as the singlechip circuit module; in the present embodiment, the singlechip U 101  adopts a PIC series singlechip, the type of which is concretely PIC16F77; in concrete application, the singlechip can also be of other series or types. The clock chip U 111  and the external crystal oscillator composes the clock module, and the clock module is connected to the SCL pin and SDA pin of the singlechip U 101  via I2C bus; in the present embodiment, the clock chip U 111  adopts the clock chip PCF8563. In the present embodiment, the memory chip adopts an E2PROM chip U 106 , and the E2PROM chip U 106  concretely adopts the chip AT24C16; the E2PROM chip U 106  is connected to the SCL pin and SDA pin of the singlechip U 101  via I2C bus, and the SCL pin and SDA pin of the singlechip U 101  are multiplex. The data input terminals of the data latch U 103 , data latch U 104 , and data latch U 105  are respectively connected to the I/O ports RB 0 -RB 7  of the singlechip U 101 , and the I/O ports RB 0 -RB 7  of the singlechip U 101  are time sharing multiplex pins. The enable signal pin of the data latch U 103  is connected to the I/O port RA 4  of the singlechip U 101 ; the enable signal pin of the data latch U 104  is connected to the I/O port RE 0  of the singlechip U 101 ; the enable signal pin of the data latch U 105  is connected to the I/O port RE 1  of the singlechip U 101 ; the gating signal terminals of the data latch U 103 , data latch U 104 , and data latch U 105  are all connected to the I/O port RE 2  of the singlechip U 101 . The data output terminals of the data latch U 104  are connected to the input terminals of the driving chip U 112 , and the output terminals of the driving chip U 112  are connected to the control terminals of the relays of 1-8 channels, so as to drive the relays to work by the driving chip U 112 ; the data output terminals of the data latch U 105  are connected to the input terminals of the driving chip U 113 , and the output terminals of the driving chip U 113  are connected to the control terminals of the relays of 9-16 channels, so as to drive the relays to work by the driving chip U 113 . In the present embodiment, the data latch U 103 , data latch U 104 , and data latch U 105  all adopt chip 74HC373, and the driving chip U 112  and driving chip U 113  both adopt chip ULN2003A. The data output terminals of the driving chip U 102  are respectively connected to the to the I/O ports RB 0 -RB 7  of the singlechip U 101 ; in the present embodiment, the driving chip U 102  adopts chip 74HC244. The data input terminals of the single 8-channel multiplex chip U 108  and the single 8-channel multiplex chip U 109  are respectively connected to the signal output terminals of the current voltage sensors from HALL_A 301  to HALL_A 316 ; the output terminals of the single 8-channel multiplex chip U 108  are connected to the I/O port RA 0  of the singlechip U 101 ; the output terminals of the single 8-channel multiplex chip U 109  are connected to the I/O port RA 1  of the singlechip U 101 ; the data select terminals of the single 8-channel multiplex chip U 108  and the single 8-channel multiplex chip U 109  are respectively connected to the I/O ports RD 4 , RD 5 , and RD 6  of the singlechip U 101 ; in the present embodiment, the single 8-channel multiplex chip U 108  and the single 8-channel multiplex chip U 109  both adopt chip 4051. The communication module of the present invention adopts chip U 115  of RS485; in the present embodiment, the chip U 115  of RS485 adopts chip MAX487; the power terminal VCC and the data transmission terminal DI of the RS485 chip are respectively connected to a LED, so as to show whether the RS485 chip works and sends data normally or not. The present invention adopts the operational amplifier U 117 A and U 117 B to compose two stages of amplification, so as to amplify the signal outputted from the thermistor NTC, and then input it to the I/O port RA 5  of the singlechip U 101 . The set value of the temperature can be changed via adjusting the potentiometer R 123 . In the present embodiment, the operational amplifiers U 117 A and U 117 B adopt LM358, and the thermistor NTC adopts RT601. In the present embodiment, the remote control module is composed of a singlechip U 116 , a memory chip U 118 , and a superheterodyne wireless transmission module; serial communication is adopted between the memory chip U 118  and the singlechip U 116 ; the superheterodyne wireless transmission module is connected to the data terminals of the singlechip U 116 . A light emitting diode LED 103  is connected to the data terminals of the singlechip U 116 , so as to be used while studying. The buzzer U 107  is driven by the triode Q 101  to sound, and the base of the triode Q 101  is connected to the I/O port RCO of the singlechip U 101 . 
         [0027]    In the present invention, a power supply of +5V is provided by the voltage stabilization chip U 114 . 
         [0028]    Referring to  FIG. 3 , it is a schematic diagram of the input and display circuit of the present invention; in the present embodiment, the input keyboard adopts a 4*4 keyboard; the line scan signal output terminals of the keyboard are respectively connected to the singlechip U 101  and the I/O ports RD 0 -RD 4  of the singlechip U 101 ; the column scan signal output terminals of the keyboard are respectively connected to the input terminals  2 A 1 - 2 A 4  of the driving chip U 102 . The display module can be of matrix LED display or LCD display; in the present embodiment, the LCD display adopts liquid crystal driving chip LCD 201 ; the liquid crystal driving chip LCD 201  is connected to the output terminals Q 2  and Q 3  of the data latch U 103  via I2C bus, and the display data is transmitted to the liquid crystal driving chip LCD 201  to drive the LCD display screen to display. In the present embodiment, the matrix LED display adopts a 4*8 LED to display; the serial data input terminals of the serial/parallel port chip U 201  are connected to the output terminal Q 5  of the data latch U 103  via I2C bus; the serial synchronous signal input terminals of the serial/parallel port chips U 201 , U 202 , U 203 , and U 204  are all connected to the output terminal Q 6  of the data latch U 103 ; the display array enable signal input terminals of the serial/parallel port chips U 201 , U 202 , U 203 , and U 204  are all connected to the output terminal Q 7  of the data latch U 103 ; the terminal Q 7  of the serial/parallel port chip U 201  is connected to the terminal SER of the serial/parallel port chip U 202 ; the terminal Q 7  of the serial/parallel port chip U 202  is connected to the terminal SER of the serial/parallel port chip U 203 ; the terminal Q 7  of the serial/parallel port chip U 203  is connected to the terminal SER of the serial/parallel port chip U 204 ; the parallel data output terminals of the serial/parallel port chips U 201 , U 202 , U 203 , and U 204  are respectively connected to the corresponding LED; the serial/parallel port chips U 201 , U 202 , U 203 , and U 204  drive each LED to be on or off to display corresponding information. In the present embodiment, the serial/parallel port chips U 201 , U 202 , U 203 , and U 204  all adopt chip 74HC595. 
         [0029]    Referring to  FIG. 4 , the present embodiment adopts two groups of the same configuration, which respectively bears the electric loading in the method of partial load; the wire of the external power supply is provided with a mutual inductor that has a closed magnetizer, and the magnetizer is fixed to the wire of the external power supply by socket joint; a wire is winded around the magnetizer; the output terminal of the wire is connected to the ground, and the other terminal is connected to the base of the triode Q 601 ; the emitter of the triode Q 601  is connected to the base of the triode Q 602 ; the emitter of the triode Q 602  is connected to the ground, and the collector of the triode Q 602  is connected to the control terminal of the relay K 601 ; the external power supply supplies power to the electrical equipments via the relay K 601 . When leakage occurs in the electrical equipments, the algebraic sum of the current flows into L_IN and N_IN is not zero, so, mutual inductance current appears in the coils of the mutual inductor; after rectified by the diode, the current triggers Q 601  to control the base of Q 602 , and at same times triggers Q 603 , so that the singlechip controls the base of Q 602  to not output high level to switch off the relay K 601 , and then the main and branch circuits output no voltage, so as to achieve leakage protection. The leakage current is no more than 30 mA, and the circuit is switched off for less than 0.03 S.A piezoresistor YM601 is connected between the neutral line and the phase line of the input wire of the external power supply, so as to prevent the electrical equipments from being damaged by surge voltage such as lightning stroke. The neutral line and the phase line of the input wire of the external power supply are respectively connected to the terminal IN and terminal OUT of the voltage sensor HALL_CV 601 , and the output terminals of the voltage sensor HALL_CV 601  are connected to the I/O port RA 2  of the singlechip U 101 , so as to detect the voltage of the external power supply is normal or not; in the present embodiment, the voltage sensor HALL_CV 601  adopts CSIOMA-P. 
         [0030]    Referring to  FIG. 5 , the external power supply is input via the relay K 301 ; the neutral line is directly connected to the output terminal of the external power supply, and the phase line outputs into the current voltage sensor HALL_A 301 ; the power supply output of the current voltage sensor HALL_A 301  is connected to the output terminal of the external power supply; the signal output terminal of the current voltage sensor HALL_A 301  is connected to the input terminal XO of the single 8-channel multiplex chip U 108 . In the same way, the connection method of the current voltage sensors from HALL_A 302  to HALL_A 316  is the same as the current voltage sensor HALL_A 301 ; each channel of current voltage sensor controls the current consumption of one channel of electrical equipment; when short current or overcurrent appears in the electrical equipment, the corresponding current voltage sensor will be switched off to stop supply power to that channel. In the present embodiment, the voltage sensors from HALL_A 301  to HALL_A 316  all adopt CS25-NP type voltage sensor. 
         [0031]    The circuit and implement method provided in the present embodiment all take home power consumption of single-phase for example, but the present invention can also be applied to 380 V industry power consumption of three-phase. If the present invention is applied to 380 V industry power consumption of three-phase, the quantity of the current detection module and the quantity of the input/output connection point of the control module need to be increased, and the type of the voltage sensor and the transient voltage suppressor diode (TVS) need to be changed (so as to match the voltage of 380 V, and each phase line is respectively provided with a corresponding voltage sensor and a transient voltage suppressor diode); wherein, each channel of power supply wire is connected in series with a current detection module and a relay, and the signal output terminal of each current detection module is respectively connected to the data input terminal of one data selector; if the quantity of the data selector is not enough, only the quantity of the data selector needs to be increased, and the data output terminals of each data selector are all connected to one I/O port of the control module. The mutual inductor in the leakage detection module only needs to be connected to the input wire for three-phase power supply simultaneously by socket joint. Because the power consumption of industry is comparatively high, the relay can adopt a high power electronic controlled switch such as an AC contactor, or a high power device such as an AC contactor can be controlled via the linkage of a relay, so as to realize controlling supplying the power. 
         [0032]    The present invention is composed of component structures, for example, every module is connected to other module with a connecting plug having the corresponding connection points, which is convenient for increasing the quantity of the detection and process module in the system device; so, the quantity of the nodes in the system can be increased or decreased according to the actual requirement, which increases the flexibility of application. 
         [0033]    Referring to  FIG. 6 , while using the present invention, after turning on, first, the system device implements initializing, that is, setting up the I/O ports, setting up the clock, setting up I2C, etc.; second, the system implements self-checking, that is, the self-checking of display system, the self-checking of time chip, the self-checking of E2PROM, controlling the self-checking of the relay; then, after self checking, the system circularly implements keyboard scan process, current detection process, voltage detection process, temperature detection process, leakage detection process, wireless remote control detection process, serial communication process, and timing control process. 
         [0034]    The present embodiment provides a preferred implement method, but the present invention also has other embodiments to implement the present invention; for example, the relay can be replaced with AC contactor, silicon controlled rectifier, photoelectric solid state relay, insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT), or Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor (MOSFET); other communication protocols, such as CAN bus and TCP/IP protocol, can be adopted to realize remote operation and control.