Abstract:
A novel system, apparatus and method of operation for use in watercraft, terrestrially bound motor vehicles and fixed based land applications where water from a live well or bait tank is withdrawn, filtered, climactically controlled and conveyed through a water conditioning unit containing in part a heat exchanging unit with a generally serpentined contour water passageway, the water passageway formed and structured in a manner to allow water, or another fluid within the passageway to abut and surround a generally serpentine form tubular conduit containing a pressurized refrigerant with the water routed within the passageway maintaining continuous contact with the conduit then exiting the heat exchanging unit returned to the live well tank or bait tank.

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO PENDING APPLICATIONS 
     The present application is a continuation-in-part application of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/650,158 filed Aug. 28, 2003 now U.S. Pat. No. 6,962,019, entitled An Enhanced Filtration and Water Conditioning System for a Bait Tank which is a continuation-in-part application of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/293,117 filed on Nov. 13, 2002 (now abandoned) entitled “FISH OR FISH BAIT LIFE PRESERVATION APPARATUS AND METHOD”, both applications incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. 
    
    
     TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention relates generally to apparatus and methods for the temporary captive storage of live gamefish and other similar aquatic animals. More particularly, the present invention relates to a system, apparatus and method where water from a live well or bait tank is withdrawn, filtered, climactically controlled, and conveyed through a water conditioning compartment containing a refrigerant based cooling means, and returned to the live well tank or bait tank. 
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     Conventional live wells provided in modern recreational fishing boats typically provide a battery-operated electric water pump for selectively filling the tank with water drawn from a lake (or ocean) and an overflow discharge line to maintain a maximum level of water in the tank and prevent overfilling thereof. More sophisticated live wells also provide a pump-operated aeration system for withdrawing water contained in the tank and spraying it in return into the tank to replenish any oxygen from the water consumed by fish or bait stored therein. An electric timing device is sometimes provided to periodically actuate and de-actuate the aeration system. In addition, it is normally necessary in practice to periodically operate the fill pump for the tank to discharge through the overflow line fish scales, slime secretions and waste discharges which captured fish typically expel in their normally excited state after being placed in the live well. A timing device may therefore also be provided in conjunction with the live well fill pump to automatically perform this overflow discharge periodically. 
     Despite the above-described provisions in the most sophisticated conventional live wells for maintaining a relatively clean body of contained water in the live well and for continuously aerating the water, experience has shown that even the most sophisticated live wells are incapable of reliably maintaining captured fish alive for more than one to three hours. The severity of this problem can be affected by numerous factors, including the particular species of fish involved, the condition and excited nature of the fish, the condition of the water utilized in the live well including for instance its oxygen content and temperature, etc., all of which make it difficult to evaluate and determine the reason or reasons for this problem. 
     Fish located in the live well are typically from water cooler in temperature than that experienced in a live well. Consequently, a major deficiency with conventional live wells is that once the live well is filled with fluid, the temperature of the fluid will eventually reach or exceed ambient air temperature and/or the temperature of water from which the fish has been removed. The present invention addresses this deficiency and advances the art by reducing the temperature of the fluid in the live well via refrigerant based cooling means to maintain a temperature closer to the normal habitat of the fish and reduce the likelihood of shocking the fish. 
     It is theorized that one of the principal causes of problems in maintaining captured fish alive is the excited nature of the fish when placed in a generally enclosed live well or similar tank. As mentioned above, in this excited condition, fish tend to lose some portion of their scales and their natural slime secretions as well as to discharge bodily wastes and even to vomit the contents of their digestive tracts. All of this foreign matter in the water in a live well poses a danger to the fish in that the foreign matter may become lodged in the fish&#39;s gills during normal breathing. Moreover, the excited nature of the fish significantly increases its metabolism causing it to utilize oxygen from the water at a significantly increased rate. Finally, it is known that fish are relatively sensitive to the temperature of the ambient body of water and, therefore, any difference in the temperature of the water in the live well from that of the surrounding ambient body of water, particularly when the live well water is elevated, may exacerbate the excited condition of the fish. As distinguished from the instant invention, conventional live wells make essentially no provision for compensating for any of these factors, other than the afore described provision of water overflow and refilling of the live well and an aeration system for replenishing oxygen to the water contained in the live well. 
     Occasionally ice is used as a cooling agent but commercially made ice generally contains chlorine, fluorine and other chemicals which are fatal to bait and fish and further most waters supplied for human use contain chemicals, such as chlorine, which cause the death of aquatic life. More often than not, no effort is made to precisely control temperature as well as the oxygen content of the water containing bait and fish and both of these elements require precise control to preserve bait and fish in an alive condition. As is known, the temperature of water is inversely proportional to the amount of oxygen that the water contains and this is commonly overlooked by a fisherman in carrying his bait and fish about. It is a common practice for fisherman to fill his bait and/or fish bucket from a water source such as a lake at his fishing site and in summer the surface water is relatively hot and oxygen depleted which is a thermal shock to bait and fish which are accustomed to deeper cool water having an adequate oxygen content. 
     In substantial contrast, the present invention provides a novel live well apparatus and method designed to operate according to the fundamental concept of cooling the water contained in a live well tank or bait tank via coordinated communication with a generally serpentined form heat exchanger unit accommodated as part of a water conditioning unit. 
     In particular contrast to the contemporary art, the present invention discloses and claims a novel heat exchanger unit wherein a generally serpentine water passageway has been formed within a continuous block of polyethylene. A stainless steel serpentine form of tubular conduit or other material non-toxic to aquatic life containing a pressurized refrigerant is then positioned within the passageway to allow water between the heat exchanger unit to be routed within the passageway maintaining continuous contact with the tubular conduit allowing for a maximized heat exchange within the passageway prior to the water exiting the heat exchange unit and returning to the bait or live well as taught be and claimed. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     In one embodiment of the present invention, a system, method and apparatus herein, discloses and claims a refrigerant based heat exchanger means provided in conjunction with a circulating pump and conduit arrangement for withdrawing water from a live well or bait tank, filtering the water and transporting the withdrawn water through a water conditioning unit to cool the water, returning the cooled and filtered water to the live well or bait tank. A water spray arrangement or oxygenation system may also be associated with the circulation system for returning the cooled water into the tank to aerate the water. 
     Over recent years, recreational and sport fishing has grown considerably in popularity as well as sophistication with the advent of more scientifically-designed fishing equipment and techniques. As part of this trend, various technical and design improvements in recreational fishing boats have evolved, one such improvement being the provision of an inboard water reservoir or tank, commonly referred to as a “live well,” for containing a quantity of water in which to store captured fish or bait in hopes of maintaining them alive for a reasonable period of time in captivity. 
     Conventional live wells provided in modern recreational fishing boats typically provide a battery-operated electric water pump for selectively filling the tank with water drawn from a lake (or ocean) and an overflow discharge line to maintain a maximum level of water in the tank and prevent overfilling thereof. More sophisticated live wells also provide a pump-operated aeration system for withdrawing water contained in the tank and spraying it in return into the tank to replenish any oxygen from the water consumed by fish or bait stored therein. An electric timing device is sometimes provided to periodically actuate and de-actuate the aeration system. In addition, it is normally necessary in practice to periodically operate the fill pump for the tank to discharge through the overflow line fish scales, slime secretions and waste discharges which captured fish typically expel in their normally excited state after being placed in the live well. A timing device may therefore also be provided in conjunction with the live well fill pump to automatically perform this overflow discharge periodically. 
     Despite the above-described provisions in the most sophisticated conventional live wells for maintaining a relatively clean body of contained water in the live well and for continuously aerating the water, experience has shown that even the most sophisticated live wells are incapable of reliably maintaining captured fish alive for more than one to three hours. The severity of this problem can be affected by numerous factors, including the particular species of fish involved, the condition and excited nature of the fish, the condition of the water utilized in the live well including for instance its oxygen content and temperature, etc., all of which make it difficult to evaluate and determine the reason or reasons for this problem. 
     Fish located in the live well are typically from water cooler in temperature than that experienced in a live well. Consequently, a major deficiency with conventional live wells is that once the live well is filled with fluid, the temperature of the fluid will eventually reach or exceed ambient air temperature and/or the temperature of water from which the fish has been removed. The present invention addresses this deficiency and advances the art by reducing the temperature of the fluid in the live well via refrigerant based cooling unit to maintain a temperature closer to the normal habitat of the fish and reduce the likelihood of shocking the fish. 
     It is theorized that one of the principal causes of problems in maintaining captured fish alive is the excited nature of the fish when placed in a generally enclosed live well or similar tank. As mentioned above, in this excited condition, fish tend to lose some portion of their scales and their natural slime secretions as well as to discharge bodily wastes and even to vomit the contents of their digestive tracts. All of this foreign matter in the water in a live well poses a danger to the fish in that the foreign matter may become lodged in the fish&#39;s gills during normal breathing. Moreover, the excited nature of the fish significantly increases its metabolism causing it to utilize oxygen from the water at a significantly increased rate. Finally, it is known that fish are relatively sensitive to the temperature of the ambient body of water and, therefore, any difference in the temperature of the water in the live well from that of the surrounding ambient body of water, particularly when the live well water is elevated, may exacerbate the excited condition of the fish. As distinguished from the instant invention, conventional live wells make essentially no provision for compensating for any of these factors, other than the afore described provision of water overflow and refilling of the live well and an aeration system for replenishing oxygen to the water contained in the live well. 
     Occasionally ice is used as a cooling agent but commercially made ice generally contains chlorine, fluorine and other chemicals which are fatal to bait and fish and further most waters supplied for human use contain chemicals, such as chlorine, which cause the death of aquatic life. More often than not, no effort is made to precisely control temperature as well as the oxygen content of the water containing bait and fish and both of these elements require precise control to preserve bait and fish in an alive condition. As is known, the temperature of water is inversely proportional to the amount of oxygen that the water contains and this is commonly overlooked by a fisherman in carrying his bait and fish about. It is a common practice for fisherman to fill his bait and/or fish bucket from a water source such as a lake at his fishing site and in summer the surface water is relatively hot and oxygen depleted which is a thermal shock to bait and fish which are accustomed to deeper cool water having an adequate oxygen content. 
     In substantial contrast, the present invention provides a novel live well apparatus and method designed to operate according to concepts of cleaning, oxygenating and cooling the water contained in the live well tank to a temperature approximately the natural aquatic habitat of captured gamefish to be stored in the tank in an enhanced manner unparalleled in the contemporary art. As used throughout the present application, the terms “bait tank”, “live well”, “live well tank” and “tank” are used interchangeably and synonymously and are intended to refer to the water restraining portions of the tank herein disclosed. Said “tank” encompassing both first and second water compartments as indicated throughout the present application. In so doing the captive life of the fish is prolonged by effectively calming any excited tendency of the fish to reduce or even eliminate the above-described waste discharges and other foreign matter in the live well which in the instance of the present application is comprised in coordinated communication of a refrigerant compressor, condenser, flow control valve, evaporator, water conditioning component and thermostatic controls. 
     Consequently it is an object of the instant invention to provide a temperature management system for a live well which automatically reduces temperature of the fluid in the live well to sustain fish placed therein for extended periods. Another object of the instant invention is to allow a user to operate the apparatus effectively with no knowledge of appropriate liquid temperature required to sustain the fish. 
     Yet another object is to rely upon automatic thermostatic control to effectuate water circulation via recirculating pump, through a water conditioning unit containing refrigerant to reach and maintain a desired water temperature. 
     A further object of the instant invention is to cool the water in a live well so that the temperature of the water is closer to the water temperature where fish normally reside to increase the likelihood that fish placed in the live well will survive for extended periods. 
     Yet another object of the instant invention is to provide a heat exchanger utilizing a refrigerant to cool live well water to a temperature at, or below that from which a fish has been immediately withdrawn. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     An enhanced tank, filtration and water conditioning system for a bait tank is disclosed comprising a bait tank having a top, a bottom and an essentially oval shaped exterior wall connecting the top and bottom of the tank, first and second interior water compartments separated from one another and the wall, top and bottom of the portions of the tank via rip a second interior wall and a second interior bottom, a compartmentalized filtration unit removably accommodated within the interior portion of the second compartment, filtration unit inflow and outflow water conduits with each of said conduits communicably attaching said filtration unit to said first and said second interior compartments; a pump means for circulating water from said first compartment into and through said second compartment and returning said circulating water to said first compartment and alternatively/optionally the tank as further disclosed connected to a water conditioning means purposed to withdraw water from the tank regulated in a manner to sustain a water temperature necessary to sustain life of fish placed within the tank and re-introduce the conditioned water back to the tank. Consequently it is an object of the instant invention to provide a temperature management system for a live well which automatically reduces temperature of the fluid in the live well to sustain fish placed therein for extended periods. 
     Another object of the instant invention is to allow a user to operate the apparatus effectively with no knowledge of appropriate liquid temperature required to sustain the fish. 
     Yet another object is to rely upon automatic thermostatic control to effectuate water circulation via recirculating pump, through a water conditioning unit containing refrigerant to reach and maintain a desired water temperature. 
     A further object of the instant invention is to cool the water in a live well so to cause the temperature of the water to approximate to the water temperature where fish normally reside and thus increase the likelihood that fish placed in the live well will survive for extended periods. 
     Yet another object of the instant invention is to provide a heat exchanger with a generally serpentined contour water passageway with the water passageway positioned in a manner to generally surround a serpentine form tubular conduit containing a pressurized refrigerant to cool water withdrawn from a bait tank or live well to a temperature at, or below that from which a fish has been withdrawn. 
     A further object of the instant invention is to provide a live well tank comprised of a plurality of interior water compartments which facilitates enhanced filtering and capture of fish scales and other fish waste. 
     Another object of the instant invention is to provide an enhanced filtering system which not only captures fish scales and other fish waste but further allows more introduction of supplemental oxygen or air means to a water flow destined returned to interior water compartment containing fish at a level below the surface of water contained therein. 
     Yet another object of the instant invention is to teach, disclose and claim a bait tank having a top, bottom, essentially oval shaped exterior wall connecting the top and bottom of the tank as well as an essentially oval shaped interior wall distanced sufficiently from the oval shaped exterior wall to allow a displacement therebetween of an insulating material. 
     A further object of the instant invention is to allow the introduction of an insulation material to the tank described herein which is fiberglass. 
     Another object of the instant invention is to allow the introduction of an insulation material to the tank described herein which is a gaseous compound. 
     An additional object of the instant invention is to allow the introduction of an insulation material to the tank described herein which is an expandable foam compound. 
     Another object of the instant invention is to teach a bait tank which further comprises one or more tubular rod holder affixed to the tank&#39;s exterior wall. 
     Yet another object of the instant invention is to teach a bait tank wherein a tank interior bottom (referred to synonymously and interchangeably herein as second interior bottom) is spaced sufficiently from an exterior tank bottom to allow insertion therebetween of an insulating material and a return channel for water to be directed to a filtration unit purposed to remove fish scales and other fish waste. 
     Another object of the instant invention is to teach a system by which two entirely separate circulatory systems may be incorporated to first allow for enhanced filtration of water within the bait tank and secondly an independent system to allow for water conditioning wherein said water conditioning is purposed to provide consistency of water temperature by a refrigerant based cooling means to approximate the temperature of water from which fish have been removed and to enhance their life span. 
     Yet a further object of the instant invention is to teach an enhanced filtration and water conditioning system for a bait tank wherein the bait tank of the system may be used independently of the water conditioning facility herein disclosed. 
     The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated herein by reference, and which constitute a part of this specification, illustrate certain embodiments of the invention and, together with the detailed description, serve to explain the principles of the present invention. 
     Before explaining at least one embodiment of the invention in detail, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited in this application to the details of construction and to the arrangement so the components set forth in the following description or illustrated in the drawings. For example, though the tank of the instant invention has been tested extensively utilizing two separate and distinct interior water compartments, it will become readily apparent to one skilled in the art that the invention may be practiced substantially similar manner producing a substantially similar result utilizing a single interior water compartment as opposed to the two interior compartments. Consequently, the invention is capable of other embodiments and of being practiced and carried out in various ways. Also, it is to be understood that the phraseology and terminology employed herein are for the purpose of description and should not be regarded as limiting. As such, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the conception, upon which this disclosure is based, may readily be utilized as a basis for the designing of other structures, methods and systems for carrying out the several purposes of the present invention. It is important, therefore that the claims be regarded as including such equivalent constructions insofar as they do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention. 
     Further, the purpose of the foregoing abstract is to enable the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office and the public generally, and especially the design engineers and practitioners in the art who are not familiar with patent or legal terms or phraseology, to determine quickly from a cursory inspection the nature and essence of the technical disclosure of the application. The abstract is neither intended to define the invention of the application, which is measured by the claims, nor is it intended to be limiting as to the scope of the invention in any way. 
     Additional objects and advantages of the invention are set forth, in part, in the description which follows and, in part, will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art from the description and/or from the practice of the invention. These together with other objects of the invention, along with the various features of novelty which characterize the invention, are pointed out with particularity in the claims annexed to and forming a part of this disclosure. For a better understanding of the invention, its operating advantages and the specific objects attained by its uses, reference would be had to the accompanying drawings, depictions and descriptive matter in which there is illustrated preferred embodiments and results of the invention. 
     It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and are not restrictive of the invention as claimed. The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated herein by reference, and which constitute a part of this specification, illustrate certain embodiments of the invention and, together with the detailed description, serve to explain the principles of the present invention. 
     Additional objects and advantages of the invention are set forth, in part, in the description which follows and, in part, will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art from the description and/or from the practice of the invention. 
     These together with other objects of the invention, along with the various features of novelty which characterize the invention, are pointed out with particularity in the claims annexed to and forming a part of this disclosure. For a better understanding of the invention, its operating advantages and the specific objects attained by its uses, reference would be had to the accompanying drawings, depictions and descriptive matter in which there is illustrated preferred embodiments and results of the invention. 
    
    
     
       DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       Prior art Figure A is a parent application illustration of a live well of the contemporary art when viewed from above. 
         FIG. 1  is a parent application planned view, part cross section illustration of a live well embodiment of the invention when viewed from above. 
         FIG. 2  is a parent application illustration and illustrating functional components of the invention and circulatory water flow path associated therewith. 
         FIG. 3  is a parent application block diagram of water conditioning elements of the invention. 
         FIG. 4  is a parent application electrical schematic supporting the water flow and water conditioning system of  FIGS. 2 and 3 . 
         FIG. 5  is a parent application electrical schematic supporting the water flow and water conditioning system of  FIGS. 2 and 3  when configured in a boat with auxiliary power unit capability. 
         FIG. 6  is an illustration of the tank of the instant invention disclosing externally viewed elements of the invention and connection of the inventions tank to a water conditioning unit. 
         FIG. 7  is a top view illustration of the tank of  FIG. 6 . 
         FIG. 8  is a cut-away illustration of the tank of  FIGS. 6 and 7 . 
         FIG. 8A  is an enlarged sectional view of the filtration unit illustrated in  FIG. 8 . 
         FIGS. 9 through 10C  are detailed views illustrating various views of filtering element components used in association with the enlarged view of the filtration unit of  FIG. 8A . 
         FIG. 11  is an illustration showing the bait tank of the instant invention practiced in combination with the water conditioning unit of the invention. 
         FIG. 12  is a left rear perspective view of the water conditioning unit of the present invention. 
         FIG. 13  is a plan view of the water conditioning unit of the instant invention. 
         FIG. 14  is an exploded view illustration of the instant invention showing the tubular generally serpentine formed tubular conduit containing refrigerant and phantom and the generally serpentined water passageway incorporated within the solid pieced base of the water conditioning unit. 
         FIG. 15  is an assembled right rear perspective view of the water conditioning unit heat exchanger illustrating further o-ring seal generally serpentine shaped tubular conduit containing refrigerant and generally serpentined form passageway in phantom. 
         FIG. 16  is a cutaway plan view of the water passageway and tubular conduits containing refrigerant shown with respective passage flows indicated by solid and waved arrows. 
         FIG. 17  is a right rear see-through view of the water conditioning unit of the instant invention illustrating for relationally purposed condenser unit and water conditioning cover in phantom and water passageway, tubular conduit and o-ring. 
     
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT 
     Prior art Figure A is an illustration of a live well of the contemporary art when viewed from above. As used herein, the terms “first compartment” and “live well” are used interchangeably and synonymously as are the terms “second compartment” and “water conditioning compartment”. Turning to prior art Figure A, the live well of the contemporary art is generally indicated by number  10  wherein such live wells are typically constructed of molded polyurethane material and have encased within their inner wall  15  and outer wall  16  insulation  11 . Further, live wells of the contemporary art  10  typically have an overflow outlet  13  which provides for an exiting of fluid from the tank at a pre-determined level. Said overflow outlet  13  is typically connected to an exiting means such as a flexible tubular structure, such as a rubber hose which allows for the traversing of fluid entering the hose from the live well  10  through the hose and exiting out an opposite end of the hose into a body of water upon which the boat containing said live well rests. Element  12  with respect to prior art Figure A illustrates a filling mechanism which is typically located within the interior portion of said live well  10  and is attached to an upwardly directed pipe-like structure when said inlet  12  rests upon the bottom of said live well  10 .  FIG. 1  is a parent application planned view, part cross section illustration of a live well embodiment of the invention when viewed from above. Turning now to  FIG. 1 . 
     In  FIG. 1  distinctions between the live well of the contemporary art as presented in prior art Figure A can be readily appreciated and observed. In the illustrative embodiment of the instant invention depicted in  FIG. 1 , live well of the instant invention is generally referred to as  20 . The live well  20  further comprises insulating material  21  and an inlet filling means  32 . Said filling means to be discussed in further detail in association with  FIG. 2 . The live well of the instant invention as illustrated in  FIG. 1  also discloses a conditioned water inlet  25  and conditioned water outlet  26 . A temperature sensing means  27  is also disclosed in association with  FIG. 1  and will be further discussed in association with  FIGS. 2 through 6 .  FIG. 2  illustrates functional components of the instant invention and circulatory water flow path associated therewith. Turning now to  FIG. 2 . 
     In  FIG. 2  water is first introduced to the interior portion of the live well tank  10  via water inlet  32 . Said inlet  32  is typically structured as a piping means utilized in conjunction with one or more pumping motors  38 , 39  to introduce water via conduits  11  to the internal portion of live well  10  until a desired depth has been achieved. The piping structure provides an attachment means  24  by which the piping structure may be removed or otherwise altered to allow quick and expedient drainage of any fluid contained within the interior portion of live well  10 . Also shown in  FIG. 2  is an optional refresh pumping means  31  wherein water may enter the internal portion of live well  10  via water flow conduit  11  having first served as a conduit vehicle through which water is pumped from a water body through refresh pump  31  continuing through a refresh water inlet  32  which traverses from the internal portion of live well  10  to said pump&#39;s external surface where it is connected to said water flow conduit  11 . Once water has been introduced into the internal portion of live well  10  and a desired depth realized, the water is circulated through water flow conduit  34  via electric pumps  38  and  39 . Said electric pumps can work independently or in conjunction with one another depending upon a flow rate necessary to precipitate liquid cooling of water first introduced into internal area of live well  10 . Water housed within the internal portion of live well  10  exits said live well through water flow conduit  34  traversing optional filter  40  and then selectively passes through either or both pumps  38  and  39 . Upon passing through said pumps, water continues on a circulatory path entering water conditioning compartment  28  which is designed to remove desired heat from water traversing said water flow conduit  34  via refrigerant means. Further detail with respect to the disclosure of the invention&#39;s refrigerant based heat exchanger means will be provided in association with discussion of  FIGS. 3 through 5 . 
     Continuing with  FIG. 2 , it can be seen that functional components of the instant invention comprise of a pair of transportable compartments having internal portions therein where the first of said compartments is a live well  10  containing water that is a natural habitat for bait or fish and a temperature probe  27  determining and controlling the temperature of said water. The second of said compartments is a water conditioning compartment  28  which has an internal portion  42  further comprised of a tubular conductor  57  in communication with an evaporator  58 , compressor and condenser forming a heat exchanger, said heat exchanger (not illustrated in  FIG. 2 ) but discussed in detail in association with  FIG. 3 . Refrigerant traverses the internal portion of the tubular conductor  57  (herein synonymously referred to without limitation as tubular water conditioning device) and via circulating water pumps  38  and/or  39  circulates water toward the internal portion of the live well  10 . Subsequent and concurrent cooling of water occurs via communication with said water&#39;s cooling via communication with said heat exchanger means housed adjacent to water flow with second compartment  28 .  FIG. 3  provides additional detail with respect to refrigeration means by which water is cooled utilizing the teachings of the instant invention. Turning now to  FIG. 3 . 
     As seen in  FIG. 3 , water first enters the water conditioning compartment  28  via water flow conduit  34 . Once introduced to the internal portion of second compartment  28 , water contained in the internal portion of water flow conduit  34  passes in close, though separate proximity, to a refrigerant used in association with evaporator  58 . It is known and appreciated by those skilled in the art, close proximity passage is typically facilitated via the traversing of a tubular structure surrounding flexible piping or other similarly intended structures which are capable of transporting compressed refrigerant. Without limitation, the instant invention through extensive testing has been found to render effective performance when utilizing hydrochlorofluorocarbon, hydrofluorocarbon, chlorofluorocarbon or Tetrafluroroethane (R134a) based refrigerants. The flow of refrigerant through refrigeration means is well known to those skilled in the art but is generally depicted as a refrigerant contained within structure  51 , with said refrigerant&#39;s flow thermostatically controlled via a sensing mechanism  27  used in conjunction with a thermostatic control  56 , thus precipitating the running of condenser  50  propelling refrigerant contained within conduit  51  through compressor  53 , control valve  55  and continuing therefrom to evaporator  58 . The water conditioning compartment is comprised of a compound coil tubular design whereas water flow through the inner tube element is in very close proximity (usually less than 0.005 inch) to the outer tube element which serves as the heat transferring device of this unit. 
       FIG. 4  illustrates an electrical schematic wherein the teachings of the instant invention are provided in association with a marine vehicle utilizing direct current to circulate water via at least one electrical pump using said direct current. Turning now to  FIG. 4 . 
     In  FIG. 4  electrical circuitry descriptiveness is provided with detail to disclose electrical components and connections associated therewith to allow practice of the instant invention wherein element  70  relates to one or more marine batteries;  71  a system power relay;  72  a 1600 watt inverter;  73  refrigeration components;  75  system control switch;  76  pump select switch;  77  analog to digital converter and LCD (light emitting diode) display;  78  DC compressor contactor;  79  holding tank thermostat and  80  alert thermostat. Element  81  is an audio alert for 70° F. temperature or low battery indication  82 , terminal strip  83  is a 30 amp circuit breaker,  84  is a temperature probe and  85  inline fuses. Holding tank thermostat  79  will remain closed activating refrigeration components  73  until the holding tank water of the live well reaches a temperature of 60° F. Thermostat then opens deactivating the refrigerating process. The system is designed to cycle in and around the preset desired temperature of 60° F. 
       FIG. 5  illustrates an electrical schematic for boats wherein alternating current is provided to drive water circulation and cooling associated with practices of the instant invention. Turning now to  FIG. 5 . 
     In  FIG. 5  it is seen where components and circuitry notation well known to those skilled in the art is provided for the purposes of a full and enabling disclosure. In  FIG. 5 , element  90  denotes an auxiliary power unit delivering 115 volts alternating current 60 hertz generating 2000 watts. Element  91  is a low voltage 24 AC step down transformer;  92  is an air conditioning power contactor;  93  is a 115 VAC, 60 watt rectifier with output of 12 volts direct current, 10 amps;  94  the circulatory pump or pumps of the invention;  95  system on/off switch;  96  pump select on/off switch;  97  compressor and condenser fan contactor;  98  holding tank thermostat which through extensive experimentation opens at 60° F.;  99  is an alert thermostat which through extensive experimentation closes at approximately 70° F.;  100  audio alert denoting 70° F. temperature;  101  is a 20 amp circuit breaker;  102  is refrigeration components as discussed and disclosed in association with  FIG. 3 ;  103  is temperature probe,  104  an inline fuses 5 amp, and  105  an analog to digital converter and LED temperature display. 
       FIG. 6  is an illustration of the tank of the instant invention disclosing externally viewed elements of the invention and connection of the inventions tank to a water conditioning unit which will be further discussed in association with  FIGS. 12 through 17 . Turning now to  FIG. 6 . 
     In  FIG. 6  the bait tank of the instant invention is illustrated as element  100 . The bait tank  100  further comprises a top  108 , an exterior bottom  105  and an essentially oval shaped exterior wall  103  connecting the top  108  and bottom  105 . The bait tank as illustrated in  FIG. 6  is further shown accommodating a first interior water compartment  109  and second interior water compartment  111 . First and second interior water compartments  109 ,  111  are communicably connected by at least two water traversable conduits (not shown in  FIG. 6 ). A water conditioning unit  28  may be communicably attached to the tank  100  via inlet and outlet water conditioning conduits  34  which allow for water to be extracted from the internal portion of tank  100  passed through the water conditioning unit  28  and returned to the tank in a conditioned/cooled state. Optionally attached to the exterior wall  103  of bait tank  100  are shown one or more fishing rod holders  115  which are generally displaced about the circumference of external wall  103 . A first interior water compartment top lid  110  is shown and is pivotally or otherwise attached to the tank top  108  to cover or otherwise seal an appropriately dimensioned aperture  113  providing access to the first internal portion  109  of the tank  100 . Also shown in  FIG. 6  is a second interior compartment top lid  112  which is also pivotally attached to top  108  and provides access to the second internal/interior water compartment  111  via access aperture  119 . 
       FIG. 7  is a top view illustration of the tank of  FIG. 6 . Turning now to  FIG. 7 . 
     In  FIG. 7  an essentially oval shaped interior wall  203  is observed, distanced and positioned sufficiently from the oval shaped exterior wall  103  to allow displacement therebetween of an insulating material  125 . Interior wall  203  is connected to the interior portion of top  108  and a tank second interior bottom  204  with said tank interior bottom  204  being distinguishably distinct from exterior bottom  105  and discussed and disclosed in further detail in association with  FIGS. 8 and 8A . The tanks filtration unit  270  is shown accommodated within the second interior water compartment  111  with water unit inflow conduit  230  and outflow conduit  210 . 
       FIG. 8  is a cut-away illustration of the tank of  FIG. 7 . Turning now to  FIG. 8 . 
     In  FIG. 8  the surface water level inside first water compartment  109  is shown as element  315 . The second interior bottom  204  is shown displaced from tank bottom  105  resulting in the presentation of a returning water channel  230  (a.k.a. filtration unit inflow). Also shown in  FIG. 8  is an insulating material  125  which substantially surrounds tank  100  on the bottom and opposite sides of the tank in a manner consistent with intent to maintain water temperature within tank  100 . The return water channel floor  230  is shown sufficiently distant from openings  106  in the interior bottom  204  to allow water to traverse downwardly from the first interior water compartment  109  with said water in descending flow through or openings  106  entering into channel  230  and subsequently introduced to the second interior water compartment containing filtration unit  270 . Details with respect to water circulation flow and said second filtration unit are further explained in accordance with  FIG. 8A . Turning now to  FIG. 8A . 
       FIG. 8A  is an enlarged sectional view of the filtration unit illustrated in  FIG. 8 . In  FIG. 8A  it is shown where water inflow conduit  230  is utilized to introduce water flow  211  to the filtration unit. The water  211  so introduced proceeds operably through a pipe-like structure  272  emptying from said structure at  272  at  211 . 1  into a first filtration section  250 . Said water flow  211  is illustrated as exiting the pipe-like structure  272  within the first filtering section  250  and then traversing outwardly through openings  251  which will be further discussed in association with  FIGS. 10 through 10B  and then continuing in a descending manner, through a second filtration element  276 . First filtration element shown as  213  is generally positioned on the bottommost surface of the first filtering section  250  and is comprised of a porous or otherwise fluid traversable membrane to allow water to pass through the membrane while retaining fish waste, such as, but not limited to, scales and other non-desired elements. Having traversed said filtering means  270 , filtered water is pumped by a pumping means  311  to a water outflow conduit  310  entering into conduit means  210  which re-introduces the water to the first interior compartment of the tank  109  at a desired level above or below the surface  315  contained therein (level shown is below, but easily adaptable to above water surface). Further shown in  FIG. 8A  is an air infusion means  400  comprising of an air conduit  400  connected to an air pump  401  ( FIG. 8 ) which allows a stream of oxygenated air or other gas to enter filtered water stream  310  prior to being re-introduced to the first internal water compartment of tank  109 . 
       FIGS. 9 through 10C  are detailed views illustrating various views of filtering element components used in association with the enlarged view of the filtration unit of  FIG. 8A . Turning now to  FIGS. 9 through 10C . 
     In  FIG. 9  the pipe-like structure  272  introduces unfiltered water to filtering compartment  270  at displacement point  271 . A second filtering system is shown as element  276 . Leg supports  278  which are insertably positioned within the second water compartment are shown. As further disclosed in  FIG. 9 , pipe-like structure  272  serves as a conduit where water is introduced to the filter  270  and exits pipe-like structure  272  via orifice  271 .  FIGS. 9A through 9C  disclose and illustrate the filter elements, components and their structural relationships in further detail as discussed in accordance with  FIG. 9  via varying illustration perspectives. 
       FIG. 10  provides enhanced detail with respect to filtering element  250  where openings  251  in the element  250  are shown to allow rapid evacuation of water introduced to the filtering element  250  via conduit  272  and exiting orifice  271 . As indicated in association with  FIG. 9 , first filtering element  276  is a porous membrane or hard surface filtering composition to allow passage therethrough of water purposed to retain waste and other non-desired elements from returning to the tanks first section containing fish.  FIGS. 10A through 10C  disclose and illustrate the elements, components and structural relationship of said filtering compartment defined in  FIG. 10  and further specificity as illustrated in varying illustration perspectives. 
     The enhanced filtration and water conditioning system for bait tanks ( 100 ,  FIG. 11 ) as presented in one or more embodiments of the instant invention may be combined with a water conditioning unit ( 700 ,  FIG. 11 ) to maintain a desired/consistent water temperature. 
     The present invention contemplates utilization of it&#39;s unique and novel water conditioning unit containing a generally serpentined form water passageway to accommodate a generally serpentined form stainless steel tubular conduit with any or all water conditioning embodiments disclosed herein. Of particular relevance and disclosed in association with the instant application is the diminutive exterior dimensions of the invention&#39;s water conditioning unit  700 . By constructing the instant invention as herein disclosed, it is noted that obvious larger embodiments may be presented. To address varying cooling requirements (capacity) the inventor, through extensive testing, has enhanced the art of water conditioning by providing, disclosing and claiming a water conditioning unit with exterior dimensions not exceeding that of a volume representing one cubic foot. The diminutive size of the invention&#39;s water conditioning unit is noteworthy in that it&#39;s practice may be had with respect to installation environments lacking in physical space such as fishing boats, most particularly bass boats and small dockside applications. It is to be noted, however, that discussion regarding the embodiment of the instant invention where the size of the water conditioning unit&#39;s outside dimensions do not exceed one foot by one foot by one foot, no such claim or disclosure limitation is herein implied or expressed. 
     The instant invention is readily combined with the water conditioning unit discussed in association with  FIGS. 11 through 17  wherein the bait tank of the instant invention further comprises attaching said water conditioning unit  70  via input and output water conduits ( 714 ,  717 ). The water conditioning compartment then having in combination a tubular conductor in communication with an evaporator, compressor and condenser to form a heat exchanger and a refrigerant traversing the serpentine form positioned within a serpentined form water passageway tubular conductor as well as a means for circulating water from the first water compartment through the water conditioning unit, cooling the water thereby. 
     Referring now to  FIG. 12  where a left rear view perspective of the water conditioning unit of the instant invention is disclosed. In  FIG. 11  the water conditioning unit of the instant invention is generally defined as element  700 . Water conditioning unit is shown comprising a case  703  which covers the internal portions of water conditioning unit  700 . The bottom of case  703  rests upon the top of the heat exchanger  707  of the water conditioning unit  700 . Base of the water conditioning unit  709  is communicably attached to the top  707  via screws or other suitable connection means as will be discussed in association with  FIGS. 15 and 17 . As discussed in association with  FIGS. 1 through 11  the water conditioning unit  700  of the present invention can be and is attached to a bait tank or live well via input  714  and output  717  conduits. The water conditioning compartment has a tubular conduit  722  containing refrigerant in communication with a direct or alternating current compressor  720 , a condenser  719 , and a heat exchanger generally described as  750 . Heat exchanger  750  has an attachable top section  707 , a base portion  709  and o-ring seal displaced therebetween (not shown  FIG. 11-discussed  in detail in association with  FIGS. 14 through 17 ). The inlet water conduit  714  of the water conditioning unit  700  introduces water withdrawn from bait tank (not shown  FIG. 11 ) into a circulating pump  715  which may be driven by alternating current or direct current. Once traversing, the circulating pump  715 , the input water conditioning conduit exits pump  715  as conduit  716  and introduces water contained therein to the internal portion of the invention&#39;s novel heat exchanging unit  750  which will be discussed in detail in association with  FIGS. 14 through 17 . Having traversed, the internal portion of the heat exchange unit  750  water is routed through the internal portion of water conditioning unit and exits the internal portion via output water conditioning conduit  717  returning to a bait tank, live well or other containment vessel purposed to contain water to be processed by the water conditioning unit  700  of the present invention. In  FIG. 11 , a water conditioning base plate  718  is typically made out of thermoplastic material similar to but not limited to the polyethylene material comprising cover  703  and heat exchange portion  750  of the water conditioning unit  700 . The tubular conduit containing refrigerant  721  enters condenser  719  where it is cooled via serpentine coils contained  721  within the condenser  719  and exits condenser  719  as a low pressure fluid. The low pressure fluid now contained within  721  next passes through dryer  723  prior to being introduced to expansion valve  731  which converts low pressure fluid into a high pressure fluid continuing through expansion valve  732  and entering into the heat exchanging unit  750  of the present invention. Said expansion valve  731  introduces the high pressure fluid via tubular conduit section  732  into the internal portion heat exchanger unit  750  of the present invention at a rate satisfying an on-demand appropriately measured flow of high pressure fluid to insure adequate cooling capacity within heat exchanger  750 . Exiting the heat exchange unit  750  the refrigerant has been converted into a low pressure gas by virtue of it&#39;s association with a volume to be cooled (water) and enters condenser  720  whereupon it is compressed on and transformed upon demand into a high pressure gas exiting said condenser as tubular conduit  721  and reintroduced into condenser  719 . Further shown on  FIG. 11  are one or more cooling fans  715  which are used to draw ambient air through the fins or coils of condenser  719  to transition refrigerant  721  into the afore noted low pressure fluid. The component base  718  is attached to the top  707  portion of heat exchanger unit  750  via screws, epoxy or other suitable connecting means which will allow for a bonding affect that preclude travel of base  718  once so attached. Isolators  740  are shown to further support components and minimize any jarring affect to such components when the water conditioning unit  700  of the present invention is placed upon a vehicle subject to intermittent shock or jarring travel. Lastly shown, on  FIG. 11  is control box  728 . Said control box  728  is well known to those skilled in the art and is intended to signal via wires  765  those occasions where condenser  720  pump  715  fans  735  and thermostatic control require activation due to a heat differential sensing means. Though not shown in  FIG. 11 , the thermostatic heat control means presetting and maintaining upper and lower reference temperatures for water contained in the bait tank of the instant invention are known to those skilled in the art. A non-limiting examples of such control means for presetting and maintaining upper and lower temperatures for water in the bait tank or live well of the instant invention would be thermostats produced by the Ranco Corporation, similar to Ranco Model 0304-20 thermostats. 
     With respect to the configuration of the instant invention it is to be appreciated that though larger scale sizing may be afforded simply by increasing the size of relative component structures of the water conditioning unit  700  of the instant invention the novel aspect of the instant invention is the configuration and external dimension sizing wherein the instant invention in one embodiment occupies less than one cubic foot of volume. Accounting for the novelty and size of the instant invention and configuration of components as disclosed herein where sizing examples would include but not be limited by ITT Corporation Jetflow Water Pump Model R4105-512; Dan Foss Corporation Compressor and control box model number BD50F; Tecumseh Corporation Condenser Model AEA3414YXAXA-489-50639 and SUPPCO Co. Expansion Valve 6823202 (TF2). 
       FIG. 13  discloses a plan view of the water conditioning unit of the instant invention. Turning now to  FIG. 13 . In  FIG. 13  it is seen where the configuration of the embodiment disclosed in association with  FIGS. 11 and 12  viewed from an overhead perspective. Further shows  713  reflect the flow direction of refrigerant within conduit sections  722 ,  721 , and  730 . 
       FIGS. 14 through 17  illustrate the proprietary and novel heat exchanger unit  750  of the instant invention (Model FK1129-01). In  FIGS. 14 through 17  its seen where tubular conduit section  722  containing refrigerant passes through top section  707  of the instant invention through an appropriately dimensioned aperture. In  FIG. 14  the conduit section  722  is shown in phantom revealing its generally serpentine shape which is comprised of alternating directions ‘u’ section loops. It is to be noted that greater or lesser number of loops of serpertine form may be associated with the practice of the instant invention depending upon the amount of refrigerant required to traverse through the internal portion of exchange unit  750 . Shown in  FIGS. 14 through 17  are screws  752  which traverse through top portion  707  and enter into portion  709  via orifices  754  securing top portion  707  to bottom portion  709  with an o-ring seal  711  interspaced therebetween to insure watertight connection of said top  707  to bottom  709 . It is to be noted in  FIGS. 14 through 17  that the generally serpentine shape water passageway  755  has been molded and/or routed into the consistently formed unitary block of thermo plastic or other similar material proving nontoxic to marine or fresh water aquatic life and has been formed and integrated into the bottom portion  709  of the heat exchange unit. In  FIG. 15  it is shown where top  707  has been attached by screws  752  to bottom portion  709  and o-ring  711  (phantom) displaced there between. Watertight conduit  716  is shown purposed to introduce water to the water passageway section  755  with the tubular conduit  722  matched to and reciprocally received within the serpentine form of said water passageway  755 . Succinctly stated, the serpentine conduit containing refrigerant  722  is formed and positioned to fit within the routed, molded or otherwise serpentine formed water passageway  755  of heat exchange unit base  709 . 
       FIG. 16  the heat exchange unit  750  of the instant invention is shown in further detail wherein the circulating paths of refrigerant contained within conduit  722  are illustrated by arrows  722 . 1  and water flow within water flow passageway  755  is illustrated by arrow  755 . 1 . In  FIGS. 16 and 17  it becomes clearer that the novel concept of the generally serpentine tubular conduit containing refrigerant and generally serpentine shaped water passageway allow for a maximization of water contact and cooling effect duration of water within water passageway with the conduit containing refrigerant  722  thus affording the instant invention diminutive size while providing maximum cooling capacity. 
       FIG. 17  lastly illustrates for purposes of convenience and illustrative disclosure the water conditioning unit  750  of the instant invention attached to water conditioning unit cover  703  shown in phantom. The cover section  703  of water conditioning unit  700  is generally though not limitedly affixed by clips, clamps or other suitable devices to allow for rapid attachment and/or disengagement of said cover  703  to water conditioning unit heat exchange portion  750 . 
     It will of course be understood that various changes may be made in form, details, arrangement and proportions of the apparatus without departing from the scope of the invention, which generally stated consists of an apparatus capable of carrying out the objects above set forth, in the parts and combination of parts as disclosed and defined in the appended claims.