Abstract:
An image forming apparatus includes an image forming apparatus comprising: an image forming station for forming an unfixed toner image on a recording material; a fixing station for fixing the unfixed toner image on the recording material, the fixing station including a rotatable member for forming a fixing nip for nipping and feeding the recording material, and a cleaner, movable toward and away from the rotatable member, for cleaning the rotatable member, wherein the apparatus is operable in a blankless image formation mode for forming the toner image without blank at least at one of a leading end and a trailing end of the recording material, and wherein the cleaner is contacted to the rotatable member at timing at which a portion of the rotatable member to which a blankless range at the leading end or the trailing end of the recording material contact reaches a position where the portion opposes the cleaner, and wherein the cleaner spaces from the rotatable member in a period in which a portion of the rotatable member to which a range other than the blankless range contact passes the position where the portion opposes the cleaner.

Description:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION AND RELATED ART 
       [0001]    The present invention relates to an electrophotographic type such as a laser printer and a copying machine, for example of image forming apparatus, particularly, it relates to a control for the cleaning means for cleaning the surface of a fixing member of the fixing means for heating and melting toner and fixing it on a recording material. 
         [0002]    In the image forming apparatus for forming an image on a recording material using an electrophotographic system, the image forming apparatus which has a frameless printing function for forming the image on an entire area of the recording material is known. For example, Japanese Laid-open Patent Application 2007-199389 discloses an apparatus, wherein the larger toner image than the recording material is formed on an image bearing member and an intermediary transfer member, the toner image is transferred onto the entire area of the recording material, and the toner image on the recording material is nipped and fed by a fixing nip of a fixing device to be fixed on the recording material. Here, in the fixing nip of the fixing device, in nipping and feeding the recording material, the toner may be deposited on a fixing member (a fixing roller, a fixing film, and a pressing roller or the like) which forms the fixing nip, and the deposited toner may contaminate the recording material. 
         [0003]    Referring to (a) and (b) of  FIG. 2 , this problem will be schematically described. Part (a) of  FIG. 2  is a schematic illustration illustrating an image surface  11   a,  cut ends at a leading end and a trailing end of a recording material  11  after the toner image is transferred onto the recording material from the image bearing member or the intermediary transfer member in the frameless printing. In the frameless printing, the toner  11   t  may be deposited not only on the image surface of the recording material  11  which is to be formed in the image  11   a  also on the cut end portion  11   b  of the leading end and/or the trailing end of the recording material  11 . 
         [0004]    In such a case, as shown in (b) of  FIG. 2 , in a fixing process, the toner  11   t  deposited on the cut end portion  11   b  of the recording material  11  is deposited onto a heating roller  31  and a pressing roller  32  which constitutes the fixing members forming the fixing nip, or around a fixing nip. Thereafter, the toner  11   t  deposited on the heating roller  31  and the pressing roller  32  is again deposited onto the recording material  11  (offset), and as a result it contaminates the recording material after the one or several full-turns of the heating roller  31  and the pressing roller  32 . Part (C) of  FIG. 2  illustrates an example of a toner contamination occurred due to the offset of the toner  11   t  deposited on the heating roller  31 . The contaminations by the toner  11   t  are produced at the intervals of the one full turn (L) of the heating roller  31 , from the leading end of the recording material  11 . 
         [0005]    In order to avoid an image defect by the toner contamination of the fixing device at the time of such a frameless printing, for example in Japanese Laid-open Patent Application 2007-304180, a cleaning member for cleaning the fixing member which constitutes the fixing nip is provided. The cleaning member comprises a cleaning roller of a solid aluminum and a felt cleaning pad of a heat resistive fiber, for example, it is pressed against the fixing member to remove the contamination such as the toner or a paper dust deposited on the fixing member. 
         [0006]    In Japanese Laid-open Patent Application 2007-304180, since the cleaning member continues contacting the fixing member, the toner contamination deposited on a recording material cut end portion can be prevented, at the time of the frameless printing. However, the amount of the collectable toner by cleaning member has a limitation, and in the case where this limitation is reached, the cleaning power decreases, with the result that the contamination remains on the fixing member. Then, the cleaning member discharges the contamination to contaminate the fixing member, with the result that the problem that a satisfactory cleaning property is not assured arises. Therefore, in the case where the cleaning means is provided in a fixing portion, it is important that the cleaning means is used in the range capable of collecting the toner. 
         [0007]    As a method of solving such a problem, Japanese Laid-open Patent Application Hei 5-224555, for example discloses that the timing at which the cleaning member contacts to the fixing member is limited, to reduce the amount of the toner collected by the cleaning means. More specifically, during the sheet processing of the recording material, the cleaning member is spaced from the fixing member, and the cleaning member is contacted to the fixing member at the timing other than during the sheet processing of the recording material. By this, the toner contamination deposited on the fixing member during the sheet processing of the recording material is not collected by the cleaning member, but it is collected by the passing recording material per se (self cleaning). 
         [0008]    The cleaning member removes the toner contamination deposited on the fixing member after the self cleaning by the recording material, and therefore, the amount of the toner collected by the cleaning member can be reduced also during the sheet processing of the recording material, as compared with the case of the contact. Therefore, the timing of reaching the limitation (toner saturation zone) of the cleaning and collecting capability of the cleaning member can be delayed, and the lifetime of the cleaning means can be prolonged, and therefore a running cost can be reduced. 
         [0009]    However, in Japanese Laid-open Patent Application Hei 5-224555, the cleaning member is spaced from the fixing member during the sheet processing, and therefore, the toner contamination attributable to the offset of the toner deposited on the recording material cut end portion at the time of the frameless printing cannot be prevented. More particularly, as shown in (a) and (b) of  FIGS. 2 , it is not possible that the toner  11   t  deposited on the heating roller  31  and the pressing roller  32  is removed from the rollers before the offset re-deposits onto the recording material. As a result, the recording material  11  is contaminated with the possible result of the image defect. 
         [0010]    Particularly, at the time of the frameless printing, in the case where the toner  11   t  deposited on the cut end portion  11   b  of the leading end or the trailing end of the recording material is deposited on the heating roller  31  which is the fixing member, it appears as the image defect in the form of a horizontal lines on the recording material  11 , as shown in (c) of  FIG. 2 . For this reason, the image defect is conspicuous depending on the image in a background, and therefore, an image quality decreases. 
         [0011]    On the other hand, in the case where the cleaning member continues contacting the fixing member during the sheet processing, as shown in Japanese Laid-open Patent Application 2007-304180, the toner contamination deposited on the recording material cut end portion at the time of the frameless printing can be prevented. However, the opportunity of the self cleaning by the recording material by oneself disclosed in Japanese Laid-open Patent Application Hei 5-224555 is lost, and therefore, a toner collection amount by the cleaning member is large. Furthermore, the timing of reaching the toner saturation zone becomes early, and therefore, the lifetime of the cleaning member is shortened. 
       SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
       [0012]    An object of the present invention is to provide an image forming apparatus in which the lifetime reduction of a cleaner can be suppressed. 
         [0013]    Another objects of the present invention is to provide an image forming apparatus, wherein the toner contamination of the fixing member attributable to the toner deposited on a cut end portion of a transfer material at the time of the frameless printing can be removed, and a self cleaning function by the transfer material can be utilized, by which the life time prolongation of cleaning means can be accomplished. According to an aspect of the present invention and there is provided an image forming apparatus comprising an image forming apparatus comprising an image forming station for forming an unfixed toner image on a recording material; a fixing station for fixing the unfixed toner image on the recording material, said fixing station including a rotatable member for forming a fixing nip for nipping and feeding the recording material, and a cleaner, movable toward and away from said rotatable member, for cleaning said rotatable member, wherein said apparatus is operable in a frameless or blankless image formation mode for forming the toner image without frame or blank at least at one of a leading end and a trailing end of the recording material, and wherein said cleaner is contacted to said rotatable member at timing at which a portion of said rotatable member to which a blankless range (marginal or frame area in the case of the printing with blank or fram) at the leading end or the trailing end of the recording material contact reaches a position where the portion opposes said cleaner, and wherein said cleaner spaces from said rotatable member in a period in which a portion of said rotatable member to which a range other than the blankless range contact passes the position where the portion opposes said cleaner. 
         [0014]    According to the present invention Furthermore, the life time prolongation of the cleaning means is accomplished. 
         [0015]    These and other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent upon consideration of the following description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0016]      FIG. 1  is a general arrangement illustrating an image forming apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. 
           [0017]      FIG. 2  is an illustration of a toner contamination in the frameless printing. 
           [0018]      FIG. 3  illustrates a relation among a recording material, a masking area, an additional printing area in the frameless printing. 
           [0019]      FIG. 4  illustrates a basic structure of a fixing portion in the image forming apparatus of  FIG. 1 . 
           [0020]      FIG. 5  illustrates an operating mechanism for the fixing portion of  FIG. 4 . 
           [0021]      FIG. 6  is a flow-chart illustrating the operation control of the fixing portion according to Embodiment 1. 
           [0022]      FIG. 7  is a timing chart of operation control timing of the fixing portion according to Embodiment 1. 
           [0023]      FIG. 8  is a flow-chart illustrating the operation control of the fixing portion relating to Embodiment 2. 
           [0024]      FIG. 9  is a timing chart of the operation control timing of the fixing portion relating to Embodiment 2. 
           [0025]      FIG. 10  illustrates an example of the image forming apparatus relating to Embodiment 3. 
           [0026]      FIG. 11  is a flow-chart illustrating the operation control of the fixing portion relating to Embodiment 3. 
           [0027]      FIG. 12  is a timing chart of the operation control timing of the fixing portion relating to Embodiment 3. 
       
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
     Embodiment 1 
       [0028]    The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.  FIG. 1  shows a general arrangement of a color image forming apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention. 
         [0029]    This image forming apparatus comprises an image forming station as the image forming means for forming a toner image on the recording material  11  and a fixing portion  30  as the fixing means for heat-fixing the toner image on the recording material  11 . 
         [0030]    The image forming station forms a color image, and more particularly, an electrostatic latent image is formed by the exposure light applied on the basis of the exposure times modulated by the image processing station, and the electrostatic latent image is developed into a monochromatic toner image, and the plurality of monochromatic toner images are overlaid into a multicolor toner image. The multicolor toner image is transferred onto a recording material  11  fed from a feeding portion  21 , and the multicolor toner image on the recording material  11  is fixed by the fixing portion  30 . 
         [0031]    The image forming station each comprises a photosensitive drum ( 22 Y,  22 M,  22 C,  22 K), an injection charger ( 23 Y,  23 M,  23 C,  23 K), a scanner portion ( 24 Y,  24 M,  24 C,  24 K). It further comprises a toner cartridge  25 Y, ( 25 M,  25 C,  25 K), a developing portion  26 Y, ( 26 M,  26 C,  26 K), a primary transfer roller  27 , an intermediary transfer member  28  and a secondary transfer roller  29  Moreover, it comprises a secondary transfer roller cleaning member for cleaning the secondary transfer roller  29   100  and an intermediary transfer member cleaning member for cleaning the intermediary transfer member  28   40 . 
         [0032]    A feeding system from the feeding portion  21  to the fixing portion  30  comprises a registration roller  51 , a pre-registration sensor  52 , and a sheet discharging roller  61 . The operation of the image forming station, the feeding portion  21 , the fixing portion  30 , and the feeding system are controlled by CPU 200 . A feeding speed V of the recording material  11  is the Approx 200 mm/sec, for example. Each of the photosensitive drums (photosensitive members)  22 Y,  22 M,  22 C,  22 K includes an aluminum cylinder an outer periphery of which is coated with an organic photoconductive layer, and it is rotated by a driving force from the unshown driving motor. The driving motor rotates the photosensitive drums  22 Y,  22 M,  22 C,  22 K in a counter-clockwise direction in accordance with the image forming operation. 
         [0033]    The injection chargers  23 Y,  23 M,  23 C,  23 K of the image forming station is primary charging means, and the photosensitive drums for the yellow (Y), the magenta (M), the cyan (C), and the black (K) colors are charged. Each of the injection chargers  23 Y,  23 M,  23 C,  23 K is provided with a sleeve  23 YS,  23 MS,  23 CS,  23 KS, respectively. The exposure light to the photosensitive drums  22 Y,  22 M,  22 C,  22 K is fed from the scanner portions  24 Y,  24 M,  24 C,  24 K and selectively exposes the surfaces of the photosensitive drums  22 Y,  22 M,  22 C,  22 K. By this, the electrostatic latent images are formed on the photosensitive drums  22 Y,  22 M,  22 C,  22 K, respectively. 
         [0034]    In the developing portion, there are provided developing devices for the yellow (Y), magenta (M), cyan (C), and black (K) development  26 Y,  26 M,  26 C,  26 K for the stations in order to visualize the electrostatic latent images, respectively. Each of the developing devices  26 Y,  26 M,  26 C,  26 K includes a developing sleeve  26 YS,  26 MS,  26 CS,  26 KS. Developing biases are applied between the developing sleeves  26 YS,  26 MS,  26 CS,  26 KS and the corresponding photosensitive drums  22 Y,  22 M,  22 C,  22 K, from an unshown voltage source. Each of the developing devices  26 Y,  26 M,  26 C,  26 K can be dismounted. 
         [0035]    The intermediary transfer member  28  is contacted to the photosensitive drums  22 Y,  22 M,  22 C,  22 K, and is clockwisely rotated at the time of a color image formation, together with the rotations of the photosensitive drums  22 Y,  22 M,  22 C,  22 K so that n the monochromatic toner image is transferred thereonto. The primary transfer bias voltages are applied between the primary transfer rollers  27 Y,  27 M,  27 C,  27 K and the corresponding photosensitive drums  22 Y,  22 M,  22 C,  22 K from the unshown voltage source. 
         [0036]    In the feeding portion  21 , there is provided a sheet feeding cassette  21   a  or a sheet feeding tray  21   b,  which contains the recording materials  11 . The recording material  11  is fed to the registration roller  51  by feeding rollers  20 . A position of the recording material  11  is detected by the pre-registration sensor  52 . The pre-registration sensor  52  is disposed in front of the registration roller. The pre-registration sensor  52  is comprises a LED and a photodetector for detecting the reflected light therefrom. When the recording material  11  reaches a neighborhood of a pre-registration sensor  52 , the photodetector detects the reflected light from LED, so that on-state is determined, and when the recording material  11  is not adjacent to the pre-registration sensor  52 , the photodetector does not detect the light, and therefore, off-state is determined. At the time of an image formation, the feeding of the recording material  11  is stopped for predetermined time duration, correspondingly to timing of the reaching, to the secondary transfer roller  29 , of the multicolor toner image on the intermediary transfer member  28 , by the pre-registration sensor  52 . The recording material  11  reaches the secondary transfer roller  29  from the registration roller  51 . 
         [0037]    The secondary transfer roller  29  contacts to the intermediary transfer member  28  and the recording material  11  is nipped and fed to transfer the multicolor toner image from the intermediary transfer member  28  onto the recording material  11 , and the recording material  11  is fed to the fixing portion  30 . During the transferring of the multicolor toner image onto the recording material  11 , the secondary transfer roller  29  is contacted to the recording material  11  at the position of  29   a,  and is spaced to the position of  29   b  after the printing process. A secondary transfer bias voltage is applied between the secondary transfer roller  29  and an intermediary transfer member  28  from the unshown voltage source. The secondary transfer roller cleaning member  100  scrapes the contamination of the secondary transfer roller  29  off to clean it, and it is made of a urethane rubber blade. 
         [0038]    The fixing portion  30  is provided with a fixing roller  31  and a pressing roller  32  which are pair of fixing members which form a fixing nip for heat-fixing the toner image on the recording material, and while it feeds the recording material  11 , it fuses and fixes the multicolor toner image transferred. The fixing roller  31  heats the recording material  11 , and the pressing roller  32  press-contacts the recording material  11  to the fixing roller  31 . The recording material  11  which stores the multicolor toner image receives the heat and the pressure by the fixing roller  31  and the pressing roller  32 , so that n the toner is fixed on the surface, and the recording material  1  is fed to the sheet discharging roller  61 . The sheet discharging roller  61  discharges the recording material  11  to an unshown sheet discharge tray, and the image forming station finishes a series of image forming operations. 
         [0039]    The description will be made as to printing operations in a print mode with the blank, and frameless printing mode according to this embodiment. In this image forming apparatus, in the case where it carries out print in the print mode with the blank or frame on the recording material  11 , as shown in (a) of  FIG. 3 , a masking area E which regulates a printing area of the recording material  11  is set as a range smaller than a range P of the recording material  11 . Therefore, an image in the range smaller than the recording material  11  is formed on the photosensitive drum  22 , and the image is transferred onto the recording material  11  through the intermediary transfer member  28  with the blank. 
         [0040]    In the case where the image is formed in frameless printing mode on the recording material  11 , as shown in (b) of  FIG. 3 , the masking area E of the recording material  11  is set as a larger range by the amount corresponding to the additional printing area B than the range P of the recording material  11 . The additional printing area B has widths a 1 , a 2 , b 1 , and b 2  in a leading end, a rear end portion, a left-hand end portion, a right-hand end portion of the image. Therefore, on the photosensitive drum  22 , the image which covers the masking area E which includes the additional printing area B, that is, more than the recording material  11  is formed, and the image is transferred onto the recording material  11  through the intermediary transfer member  28  to provide a frameless or blank-less image. The widths a 1 , a 2 , b 1 , b 2  are approx. 2 mm, for example. At the time of a secondary transfer, a part of a toner in the additional printing area outside the recording material  11  is deposited onto the secondary transfer roller  29 . The deposited toner is removed by the secondary transfer roller cleaning member  100  which is in contact to the secondary transfer roller  29 . 
         [0041]    On the other hand, in a secondary transfer portion, as shown in (a) of  FIG. 2 , on the recording material  11  which has finished a secondary transfer step, the toner is transferred not only on the surface but also on a part of the cut end portion which are the cut surface portions in the circumference surrounding the edge. When the recording material  11  enters the fixing portion  30 , in the fixing nip, as shown in (b) of  FIG. 2 , the toner on the cut end portion of the recording material is unfixed, and therefore, the toner offsets onto the surfaces of the fixing roller  31  and the pressing roller  32 . When the toner is deposited on surfaces of the fixing roller  31  and the pressing roller  32 , the contamination results on the surface and the back side of the recording material  11  as shown in (c) of  FIG. 2 . Since it appears as an image defect in the form of the horizontal lines particularly the offset toner of the toner deposited on a cut end portion of a leading end and the trailing end of the recording material is conspicuous. 
         [0042]    In this embodiment, the offset toner by the toner deposited on the cut end portion of the leading end and the trailing end of the recording material is removed, by which the image defect is prevented, and, a self cleaning by the recording material by itself can be performed. Here, the detailed description will be made as to the fixing portion in the image forming apparatus according to this Embodiment 30.  FIG. 4  shows a basic structure of the fixing portion. As described above, the fixing portion  30  is provided with the fixing roller  31  and the pressing roller  32  which constitutes the pair of fixing members (rotatable members). A cleaning roller (cleaner)  35  is provided for at least one side of the fixing members. On the other hand, in this example, there are provided cleaning rollers  35 ,  36  as cleaning means for cleaning the fixing roller  31  and the pressing roller  32 , respectively. The cleaning rollers  35 ,  36  are movable to and away relative to the fixing roller  31  and the pressing roller  32 , respectively, and they are contacted to the surfaces of the fixing roller  31  and the pressing roller  32  to remove and collect the toner. 
         [0043]    The fixing roller  31  has a hollow core metal  31   a  as a base layer, which is coated with an elastic layer. For example, a core metal  31   a  has a thickness of 2.0 mm, is made of Fe, and is coated with a silicone rubber of 2 mm thick. The outermost layer is the fluorinated resin material of thickness of 50 micrometers, as a toner parting layer. The fixing roller  31  has 35 mm of an outer diameter. The pressing roller  32  has the structure similar to the fixing roller  31 . It has Fe hollow core metal  31   a  of thickness of 2.0 mm as the base layer, which is coated with the silicone rubber as the elastic layer into thickness of 2 mm. The outermost layer is the fluorinated resin material of thickness of 50 micrometers as a toner parting layer. The outer diameter of the pressing roller  32  is 35 mm similarly to the fixing roller  31 . The pressing roller  32  forms a fixing nip N for pressing at a predetermined pressure relative to the fixing roller  31 , and heating and melting the toner onto the recording material  11 , by an unshown spring and a supporting member. 
         [0044]    The fixing roller  31  and the pressing roller  32  have hollow configurations, the insides thereof are provided with the heaters  33 ,  34  such as a halogen heater. The heater  33  and  34  heat the fixing roller  31  and the pressing roller  32 , respectively. The surface temperatures of the fixing roller  31  and the pressing roller  32  are detected by thermopiles  73 ,  74  which are non-contact type temperature sensors, respectively. The thermopiles  73 ,  74  are disposed opposed to a roller surface, and the data detected by thermopiles  73 ,  74  is converted by CPU 200  A/D. The CPU 200  determines ON/OFF of the halogen heaters  33 ,  34  based on the result of the temperature detection to carry out the temperature control, so that n the surface temperatures of the fixing roller  31  and the pressing roller  32  are maintained at the predetermined temperature (approx. 180° C.). 
         [0045]    Each of the cleaning rollers  35 ,  36  as the cleaning means has the aluminum pipe, which is coated with a nonwoven fabric of the thickness of 2 mm made of by aramid resin fiber, and the outer diameter thereof is 9 mm. At predetermined timing as will be described hereinafter, the cleaning rollers  35 ,  36  are contacted at the predetermined pressure relative to the fixing roller  31  or the pressing roller  32 , and the toner contamination on the roller is attracted and cleaned, respectively. Here, referring to  FIG. 5  the detailed description will be made as to an operating mechanism for the fixing portion  30 . The pressing roller  32  is driven by the fixing roller  31 . Therefore, from an image forming apparatus main assembly, the fixing roller  31  and the pressing roller  32  are driven by a gear (unshown) disposed at the end of a fixing roller  31 , and are rotated thereby. 
         [0046]    The cleaning rollers  35 ,  36  are disposed in the downstream sides of the fixing nip N formed by the fixing roller  31  and the pressing roller  32  with respect to the respective peripheral surface movement directions, and the circumferential distances from the fixing nip N are the same. The cleaning rollers  35 ,  36  are rotatably supported by the frames  72 ,  82 , respectively, using flange s for the supporting shafts press-fitted into the opposite ends of an aluminum pipe. Ends of frames  72 ,  82  are rotatable relative to the shafts  71 ,  81  provided in a fixing portion frame  80 . By rotating the frames  72 ,  82  about the shafts  71 ,  81 , the cleaning rollers  35 ,  36  are contacted and spaced relative to the fixing roller  31  and the pressing roller  32 . 
         [0047]    A contacting and spacing state of each of the cleaning rollers  35 ,  36  is controlled by the cams  74 ,  84  which constitute a part of fixing cleaning control means of a. The cams  74 ,  84  are rotatably supported by the fixing portion frame  80 , and are in contact to levers  72   a,    82   a  provided to the frames  72 ,  82 . When the cams  74 ,  84  rotate to the predetermined positions, levers  72   a,    82   a  of the frames  72 ,  82  supporting each of the cleaning rollers  35 ,  36  are urged by the compression springs  73 ,  83  fixed to the fixing portion frame  80  (counter-clockwise in the Figure). By the urging force, the cleaning rollers  35 ,  36  are contacted to the fixing roller  31  and the pressing roller  32  through the frames  72 ,  82 , respectively ((a) of  FIG. 5 ). The designated by  35   a,    36   a  are the contact positions of the cleaning rollers  35 ,  36 . The cleaning rollers  35 ,  36  receive the driving forces from the fixing roller  31  and the pressing roller  32  in the contact positions, respectively to be driven ((a) of  FIG. 5 ). 
         [0048]    When the cams  74  and  84  rotate to predetermined spaced positions, the frames  72  are  82  are pushed up so that the contact, to the fixing roller  21  and the pressing roller  32 , of the cleaning rollers  35 ,  36  is released to be capable of being spaced. Designated by  35   b,    36   b  are the spacing positions of the cleaning rollers  35 ,  36  ((b) of  FIG. 5 ). The cams  74 ,  84  are rotationally driven by a cam driving mechanism such as an unshown motor, and the CPU 200  controls contacting and spacing timing. A control of this contacting and spacing timing is carried out, in the case where the frameless printing operation is executed, on the basis of the positions on the fixing roller  31  and the pressing roller  32  corresponding to the recording material cut end portions of the leading end and the trailing end of the recording material. More particularly the cleaning rollers  35 ,  36  are contacted to the fixing roller  31  and the pressing roller  32  at the timing in which the positions corresponding to the cut end portions reach the contact positions to the cleaning rollers  35 ,  36 . Furthermore, the contacting and spacing states of the cleaning rollers  35 ,  36  are controlled, such that the cleaning rollers  35 ,  36  space from the fixing roller  31  and the pressing roller  32 , respectively, after the positions corresponding to the cut end portion pass the contact positions of the cleaning rollers  35 ,  36 . 
         [0049]    Referring to  FIGS. 6 and 7  the detailed description will be made as to the operation control of the fixing portion  30 .  FIG. 6  is a flow-chart which shows the operation control for the fixing portion  30  in this embodiment. The control is executed by the CPU  200 . 
         [0050]    Step 1: When the image forming apparatus is in a stand-by ready state, the cleaning rollers  35 ,  36  are in the spacing state ((b) of  FIG. 5 ). Step 2: The stand-by ready state is continued to the reception of the printing signal. Step 3: When the printing signal is received, the different control is carried out depending on whether the signal designates frameless printing mode or print mode with the frame or the blank. Step 4: In the case of the frameless printing mode designation, the CPU  200  sets the cleaning roller set times ta, tb, tc. As for the times ta, tb, tc, the detailed description will be made referring to  FIG. 7 . Step 5: The image forming apparatus executes the frameless printing operation. Step 6: The image forming apparatus executes the printing operation with the blank. In this case, the cleaning rollers  35 ,  36  are normally spaced from the fixing roller, the pressing roller. Step 7: When the frameless printing operation or the printing operation with the blank is completed, the operation returns to the stand-by ready state Step 1. 
         [0051]      FIG. 7  is a timing chart which shows the operation and the control of the image forming apparatus main assembly and the fixing portion  30  in this embodiment. In the state of i, the image forming apparatus is in the stand-by state until it receives the printing signal, and the cleaning rollers  35 ,  36  is in the spacing state. In the state of i, in the case where CPU 200  in the image forming apparatus receives the printing signal and a signal designating frameless printing mode ((a) of  FIG. 7 ), in the case of ii, the image forming apparatus carries out the frameless printing operation at the timing. 
         [0052]    At timing of iii, the contact/separating operation of the cleaning rollers  35 ,  36  is controlled in accordance with the operation timing of ta, tb, tc shown in step 4 of  FIG. 6 , by which the offset toner at the leading end and the trailing end of the recording material is removed. The times ta, tc are the constants stored in ROM in CPU 200  beforehand. The time ta is the time from the reception of the printing signal to the contacting operation of the cleaning rollers  35 ,  36 . This time ta is the time until the toner contamination by the recording material leading end deposited on the fixing roller  31  or the pressing roller  32  reaches the contact positions of the cleaning rollers  35 ,  36 , and the cleaning rollers  35 ,  36  are shifted to a first contact state. 
         [0053]    The time tb is the feeding time calculated on the basis of the length, with respect to the feeding direction, of the recording material  11  and the feeding speed. The cleaning rollers  35 ,  36  are shifted to a second contact state at the timing ta+tb at which the toner contamination of the recording material trailing end deposited on the fixing roller  31  or the pressing roller  32  reaches the contact positions of the cleaning rollers  35 ,  36 . The time tc is a contact period of the cleaning rollers  35 ,  36 , and after the elapse of the time tc, the cleaning rollers  35 ,  36  return to the spacing states. In i when CPU 200  in the image forming apparatus receives the printing signal, and, in the case where the print mode with the blank is selected, ((b) of  FIG. 7 ), the image forming apparatus executes the frameless printing operation in iii. As has been described in Step 6 of  FIG. 6 , the cleaning rollers  35 ,  36  are normally spaced from the fixing roller  31  and the pressing roller  32 , respectively. As has been described in the foregoing, the cleaners are contacted to the rotatable members at the timing at which the portion of the rotatable member to which the blank-less range of the leading end or the trailing end of the recording material contacts reaches a cleaner opposed position, and the cleaner is spaced from the rotatable member during the period in which the portion of the rotatable member to which the range of the recording material other than the-blank-less range contacts passes the opposed position. 
         [0054]    Table 1 shows comparison in the property with respect to the items 1)-5) in the comparison examples 1, 2 and this embodiment. Comparison example 1 is a cleanerless system. In comparison example 2, the cleaning roller according to the embodiment is normally contacted, and Embodiment 1 in this embodiment. In the Embodiment 1, ta=0.5 sec, tb=0.5 sec (recording material length=100 mm, feeding speed=from 200 mm/sec), tc=0.1 sec. In the Table, items 2) and 4) are an actual measurement data of amounts of toner depositions to each cleaning roller per one recording material s. These are the results of the case in which the toner amount per unit area in the additional printing area is 1.2 mg/cm 2  in this embodiment. Item 3) and 5) are the durable lifetime numbers of the cleaning roller, which is calculated based on the actual measurements of 2) and 4) and a cleaning capacity (toner amount which the cleaning roller can collect) of the cleaning roller in the embodiment. 
         [0000]    
       
         
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                   
                 TABLE 1 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 A. Prior Art 
                 B. Prior Art 
                 C. 
               
               
                   
                 (without 
                 (always in 
                 Embodiment 
               
               
                   
                 cleaner) 
                 contact) 
                 1 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
             
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 i) Image defects 
                 Yes 
                 No 
                 NO 
               
               
                 by off-set toner 
               
               
                 at leading and 
               
               
                 trailing edges 
               
               
                 ii) Toner amounts on 
                   
                 0.12 mg 
                 0.02 mg 
               
               
                 cleaning roller 35 
               
               
                 (measurements) 
               
               
                 iii) Durabilities 
                   
                 36000 
                 216000 
               
               
                 (calculated) 
                   
                 sheets 
                 sheets 
               
               
                 iv) Toner amounts on 
                   
                 0.08 mg 
                 0.01 mg 
               
               
                 cleaning roller 36 
               
               
                 v) Durabilities 
                   
                 54000 
                 432000 
               
               
                 (calculated) 
                   
                 sheets 
                 sheets 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
         [0055]    The description will be made as to item 1) which indicates a presence or absence of the production of the image defect due to the offset toner in the leading end and the trailing end of the recording material at the time of the frameless printing. The case of the comparison example 1, since the cleaning roller which is the cleaning means is not employed, the image defect occurs. However, in the case of the comparison example 2 and Embodiment 1, the cleaning roller which is the cleaning means is employed, and the toner contamination can be removed, and therefore, the image defect does not occur. The amount of toner depositions to each cleaning roller (item 2) and 4)) is smaller than in the comparison example 2 in Embodiment 1. In Embodiment 1, contact timing of the cleaning roller is limited and the toner contamination on the surface of paper is removed by the self cleaning. By this, as shown in the comparison example 2, the toner collection amount reduces as compared with the case of always contacting the cleaning roller which is the cleaning means. As a result, it is understood that the durable lifetime number of (item 3) and 5)) of each cleaning roller in Embodiment 1 is much larger than in the comparison example 2, and therefore, the life time prolongation of the cleaning roller can be accomplished. 
         [0056]    As has been described in the foregoing, by a cleaning control by the cleaning roller of the fixing portion employed in this embodiment, the image defect (offset) attributable to the offset toner deposited on the cut end portions of the leading end and a trailing end of the recording material at the time of the frameless printing can be prevented. By this, the satisfactory images can be provided. Relating to the toner contamination except the leading end and the trailing end of the recording material, the cleaning rollers  35 ,  36  are spaced from the fixing roller  31  and the pressing roller  32 , respectively, and the toner contamination is removed by the self cleaning by the recording material by itself. For this reason, the toner deposition to the cleaning rollers  35 ,  36  can be reduced. Therefore, the timing of the reaching to a toner saturation zone can be made later. As a result, the life time prolongation and the reduction of a replacement cycle can be accomplished. 
       Embodiment 2  
       [0057]    The image forming apparatus relating to Embodiment 2 of the present invention will be described. In the description of this embodiment, the same reference numerals as in Embodiment 1 are assigned to the elements having the corresponding functions in this embodiment, and the detailed description thereof is omitted for simplicity 1 In this embodiment, the different point is in the operation control of the fixing portion  30  from Embodiment 1, and in this embodiment, a result of detection of the pre-registration sensor  52  as recording material detecting means is used for the purpose of the improvement of the accuracy of the timing of the contact/spacing of the cleaning rollers  35 ,  36 . The pre-registration sensor  52  is provided before the fixing portion in the sheet passage. More particularly pass timing of the recording material is detected by the pre-registration sensor  52 , and the contact timing of the cleaning rollers  35 ,  36  is determined on the basis of the result of detection. 
         [0058]    Referring to  FIGS. 8 and 9 , the description will be made, as to the operation control of the fixing portion  30  of the image forming apparatus relating to Embodiment 2.  FIG. 8  is a flow-chart of the operation control for the fixing portion  30  in this embodiment. This control is also executed by the CPU  200  which is the controller CPU 200 . 
         [0059]    Step 1: When the image forming apparatus is in the stand-by ready state, the cleaning rollers  35 ,  36  are in the spacing states ((b) of  FIG. 5 ). 
         [0060]    Step 2: The stand-by ready state is continued until the printing signal is received. 
         [0061]    Step 3: When the printing signal is received, the different control is carried out depending on whether the signal thereof designates frameless printing mode, or it designates print mode with the frame or blank. 
         [0062]    Step 4: In the case where frameless printing mode is designated, CPU 200  sets cleaning roller set times this citation and tr. Tc is similar to Embodiment 1, and tr is a constant stored in ROM in CPU 200 . The time tc is the feeding time determined on the basis of the length from the pre-registration sensor  52  to the contact positions of the cleaning rollers  35  and  36  in the fixing portion ( 30 ) in the feeding direction. 
         [0063]    Step 5: The frameless printing operation of the image forming apparatus in the present Embodiment 2 is executed. 
         [0064]    Step 6: After the printing operation execution, the recording material  11  is fed from the feeding portion  21 , and timing Tx 1  at which the pre-registration sensor  52  becomes ON is detected. 
         [0065]    Step 7: Tx 2  is the timing tr after the timing Tx 1 . 
         [0066]    Step 8: After the printing operation execution, the recording material  11  is fed from the feeding portion  21 , and timing Ty 1  at which it becomes again Off is detected after the pre-registration sensor  52  once becomes On. 
         [0067]    Step 9: Ty 2  is the timing tr after the timing Ty 1 . 
         [0068]    Step 10: The printing operation with the blank of the image forming apparatus in this embodiment is executed. In this case, the cleaning rollers are normally spaced from the fixing roller and the pressing roller. 
         [0069]    Step 11: When the frameless printing operation or the printing operation with the blank completes, the operation returns to the stand-by ready state Step 1. 
         [0070]      FIG. 9  is a timing chart which shows the operation control of the image forming apparatus main assembly and the fixing portion  30  in Embodiment 2. At timing  1 , the image forming apparatus is in the stand-by state, and the cleaning rollers  35 ,  36  are in the spacing state, until the printing signal is received. In this timing  1 , the CPU 200  in the image forming apparatus receives the printing signal, and when the frameless printing mode is set, ((a) of  FIG. 9 ), the image forming apparatus carries out the frameless printing operation at timing  2 . In the period  3 , the contact/separating operation of the cleaning rollers  35 ,  36  is controlled at the operation timing shown in Step 4-Step 9 of  FIG. 8 . By this, the contact timing of the cleaning rollers  35 ,  36  is determined, on the basis of the result of detection of the pre-registration sensor  52 , and the offset toner of the leading end and the trailing end of the recording material is removed. 
         [0071]    In the timing  1 , as a result of the CPU 200  in the image forming apparatus receiving the printing signal, when print mode with the blank is set, ( FIG. 9(   b )), the image forming apparatus carries out the frameless printing operation at the timing  2 . As described in Step 10 of  FIG. 8 , the cleaning rollers  35 ,  36  are normally spaced from the fixing roller  31  and the pressing roller  32 . 
         [0072]    The table 2 shows the defective image incidences per 10000 pf the processed recording materials  11  in Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2. Here, only the off-set toner contamination at the cut end portion of the leading end and the trailing end of the recording material counts as the image defect. In this embodiment, tc=0.1 sec, and tr=0.4 sec. 
         [0000]    
       
         
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                   
                 TABLE 2 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 C. Embodiment 1 
                 D. Embodiment 2 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
             
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                 Image defect 
                 0.25% 
                 0.08% 
               
               
                   
                 incidence 
                 (25/10000) 
                 (8/10000) 
               
               
                   
                 per 10000 sheets 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
         [0073]    From table 2, it is understood that the defective image incidence is lower in Embodiment 2 than in Embodiment 1. This is because the leading end and the trailing end of the recording material is detected using the pre-registration sensor  52 , by which the contact timing of the cleaning rollers  35 ,  36  relative to the fixing roller  31  and the pressing roller  32  is determined with the higher accuracy. In the present Embodiment 2, the cleaning control by the cleaning rollers  35 ,  36  is carried out on the basis of the result of detection of the pre-registration sensor  52 , by which the cleaning of the fixing roller  31  and the pressing roller  32  can be carried out more assuredly and accurately than in Embodiment 1. As a result, the image defect by the offset toner at the cut end portion at the leading end and the trailing end of the recording material is prevented. 
       Embodiment 3 
       [0074]    The image forming apparatus according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention will be described. as shown in  FIG. 10 , the structures of the image forming apparatus in the present Embodiment 3 are substantially the same as that of Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2, but are different in the provision of a pre-fixing sensor  53 . The pre-fixing sensor  53  before the fixing portion  30 , more particularly, it is disposed before the fixing portion. The pre-fixing sensor  53  is constituted by the LED And the photodetector for detecting the reflected light therefrom, and when the recording material  11  reaches adjacent to the pre-fixing sensor  53 , the light is reflected by LED, and on The state is detected. The Off state is detected in the state that the recording material  11  is not adjacent to the pre-fixing sensor  53 , and the reflected light is not detected. In this embodiment, the difference from Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2 is in the operation control for the fixing portion  30 . In the present Embodiment 3, the result of detection of the pre-fixing sensor  53  is used for the accuracy improvement of contact/spacing timing of the cleaning roller. 
         [0075]    Referring to  FIGS. 11 and 12 , the description will be made, as to the operation control of the fixing portion  30  in the image forming apparatus according to Embodiment 3.  FIG. 11  is a flow-chart which shows the operation control of the fixing portion  30  in the present Embodiment 3. This control is executed by the cPU 200  which is provided in the image forming apparatus. 
         [0076]    Step 1: When the image forming apparatus is in the stand-by ready state, the cleaning rollers  35 ,  36  are in the spacing state ((b) of  FIG. 5 ). 
         [0077]    Step 2: The stand-by ready state is continued until the printing signal is received. 
         [0078]    Step 3: When the printing signal is received, the different control is carried out depending on whether the signal designates frameless printing mode or designates print mode with the blank. 
         [0079]    Step 4: In the case where frameless printing mode is designated, CPU 200  sets the cleaning roller set times tc, tf. tc is similar to tc in Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2. Time tf is a constant stored in ROM in CPU 200 , and it is a feeding time determined on the basis of the length, with respect to the feeding direction, to the contact position of the cleaning rollers  35 ,  36  to the fixing portion  30  from the pre-fixing sensor  53 . 
         [0080]    Step 5: The frameless printing operation of the image forming apparatus in this embodiment is executed. 
         [0081]    Step 6: After the printing operation execution, the recording material  11  is fed from the feeding portion  21 , and the timing at which the pre-fixing sensor  53  becomes On T′x 1  detects. 
         [0082]    Step 7: T′x 2  is the timing tf after the timing T′x 1 . 
         [0083]    Step 8: The recording material  11  is fed from the feeding portion  21  after the printing operation execution, and timing T′y 1  at which it becomes again Off is detected after the pre-fixing sensor  53  once becomes ON. 
         [0084]    Step 9: T′y 2  is the timing tf after the timing T′y 1 . 
         [0085]    Step 10: on the other hand, in the case where print mode with the blank is designated, only the fixing roller  31  and the pressing roller  32  start the rotation, while the cleaning rollers  35 ,  36  are in the spacing state from the fixing roller  31  and the pressing roller  32 , and the printing operation with the blank is executed. 
         [0086]    Step 11: When the frameless printing operation or the printing operation with the blank is completed, the operation returns to the stand-by ready state Step 1. 
         [0087]      FIG. 12  is timing chart which shows the operation control of the image forming apparatus main assembly and the fixing portion  30  in this embodiment. With timing i, until the printing signal is received, the image forming apparatus is in the stand-by state, and the cleaning rollers  35 ,  36  are in the spacing states. At time i, when the frameless printing mode is set, ((a) of  FIG. 12 ) as a result of the CPU  200  the image forming apparatus receiving the printing signal, the image forming apparatus carries out the frameless printing operation at timing ii. At timing iii, the contact/separating operation of the cleaning rollers  35 ,  36  are controlled at the operation timing shown in Step 4-Step 9 of  FIG. 8 . By this, based on the result of detection of the pre-fixing sensor  53 , the contact timing of the cleaning rollers  35 ,  36  is determined, and the offset toner of the leading end and the trailing end of the recording material is removed. 
         [0088]    At timing i, the CPU  200  in the image forming apparatus receives the printing signal, and as a result, when print mode with the blank is set ((b) of  FIG. 12 ), the image forming apparatus carries out the frameless printing operation at timing ii. As described with respect to Step 10 of  FIG. 11 , the cleaning rollers  35 ,  36  are normally spaced from the fixing roller  31  and the pressing roller  32 . Table 3 shows the defective image incidences per 10000 of the processed recording materials  11  in Embodiment 1, embodiment 2, and Embodiment 3. Here, similarly to the table 2, only the off-set toner contamination of the cut end portions of the leading end and the trailing end of the recording material counts as the image defect. In this embodiment, tc=0.1 sec and tf=0.1 sec. 
         [0000]    
       
         
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                   
                 TABLE 3 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 C. 
                 D. 
                 E. 
               
               
                   
                 Embodiment 1 
                 Embodiment 2 
                 Embodiment 3 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
             
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 Image defect 
                 0.25% 
                 0.08% 
                 0.02% 
               
               
                 incidence 
                 (25/10000) 
                 (8/10000) 
                 (2/10000) 
               
               
                 per 10000 sheets 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
         [0089]    From Table 3, it is understood that the defective image incidence is lower in Embodiment 3 than in Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2. In this embodiment, the pre-fixing sensor  53  provided on just before the fixing portion  30  is used, and the leading end and the trailing end of the recording material is detected thereby. By this, as compared with the control on the basis of the printing signal in Embodiment 1, and the control on the basis of the pre-registration sensor  52  in Embodiment 2, the contact timing, relative to the fixing member, of the cleaning rollers  35 ,  36  can be controlled with even better accuracy. 
         [0090]    As has been described in the foregoing, in the present Embodiment 3, the cleaning control of the cleaning rollers  35 ,  36  is carried out on the basis of the result of detection of the pre-fixing sensor  53 . As a result, the fixing member can be cleaned more correctly and assuredly than in Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2, and the image defect, due to the offset toner of the cut end portions of the leading end and the trailing end, of the recording material can be prevented. As the frameless printing function, in each of the above-described embodiments, the frameless printing is executed for both the leading end and the trailing end, with respect to the feeding direction, of the recording material, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the frameless printing may be executed only for the leading end or only for the rear end portion, with respect to the feeding direction, of the recording material. Both of the fixing roller  31  and the pressing roller  32  are cleaned by the cleaning rollers  35 ,  36  in the above-described embodiments, but a cleaning roller which is contacted and spaced relative to only one of the fixing roller  31  and the pressing roller  32  may be provided to clean only one of the roller surface. 
         [0091]    While the invention has been described with reference to the structures disclosed herein, it is not confined to the details set forth, and this application is intended to cover such modification or changes as may come within the purposes of the improvements or the scope of the following claims. 
         [0092]    This application claims priority from Japanese Patent Application No. 138291/2009 filed Jun. 9, 2009, which is hereby incorporated by reference.