Abstract:
Improvements made to a router a relate to a switchable router brake system. The switchable brake system permits a motor brake to be selectably engaged to operate when the router motor is turned off. When engaged, the motor brake, which comprises a brake resistor being placed electrically across the motor windings, causes the router motor to stop rotating almost immediately. This feature, however, is not always desired; the switchable brake system permits the operator to engage the use of the brake only when desired, thus providing the option to selectively eliminate jerking caused electric brake torque induced in the router when the brake engages.

Description:
BACKGROUND AND SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention is directed to router improvements. These improvements include a switching system which is part of a router handle and which operates the router motor by connecting it to an external electrical power source. In a preferred embodiment, the present switching system comprises the use of a locking lever and trigger in combination to activate the motor, to hold the trigger in a locked-on position to maintain the connection of electrical power to the motor, and to lock the movement of the trigger from occurring before an operator attempts to engage the motor. The switching system may also be combined with a preferred router handle shape in order to make the long term operation of the router and its switching comfortable with extended use. 
     A further improvement relates to a router chuck and collet mounting system. In a preferred embodiment, the present mounting system comprises mating a top face of a router chuck with the lower surface of an inner race of an armature shaft bearing and mating an inner diameter of the chuck with an outer diameter of the armature shaft to align the chuck with the shaft. Additionally, a cavity through the chuck may be used to accept a router bit shank so that it extends up into a lower end of the shaft in order to permit the shank to extend upward, closer to the armature shaft bearing. This arrangement reduces router bit run-out. 
     A further improvement relates to a plunge router locking system. The locking system comprises a locking arm lever coupled to a threaded member arm which engages a plunge guide post to hold the router motor housing at a desired height above the router base when the locking arm member is in the locked position. When the locking arm member is moved into an unlocked position, the motor housing can move up and down the plunge guide post, where the motor housing is opposed by a bias system comprising a compression spring to prevent the motor housing from free-falling into the router base. Additionally, the locking arm lever can be held in the unlocked position with the use of a mating coupling member attached to the motor housing in order to keep the plunge locking system in an unlocked position. 
     A further improvement relates to a switchable router brake system. The switchable brake system permits a motor brake to be selectably engaged to operate when the router motor is turned off. When engaged, the motor brake, which comprises a brake resistor being placed electrically across the motor windings, causes the router motor to stop rotating almost immediately. This feature, however, is not always desired; the switchable brake system permits the operator to engage the use of the brake only when desired, thus providing the option to selectively eliminate jerking caused electric brake torque induced in the router when the brake engages. 
     A further improvement relates to a plunge router depth stop system. The depth stop system comprises a depth stop rod contained within a restraining collar coupled to the router housing. The depth stop rod is configured both to rotate at a fixed height above the router base and to slide up and down within the collar in order to adjust its height above the base. At an upper end of the depth stop rod, a turret knob permits an operator to rotate the rod within the collar. At the other end of the rod, a protrusion portion selection member is located to engage selectively one of a plurality of step-wise rising depth stop position surfaces located on the router base. When the protrusion portion selection member is aligned vertically above one of the depth stop position surfaces, the motor housing will plunge until the protrusion portion selection member engages the depth stop position. The operator sets the depth stop height by placing the depth stop rod at the desired height and tightening a restraining collar. Once configured in this position, the motor housing can be repeatably plunged to a desired position. The operator can selectively step the depth downward by keeping the depth stop rod at the desired position while rotating the rod to align the protrusion portion selection member to another depth stop position having a different depth stop height. 
     A further improvement relates to ergonomic router handles. The preferred router handles are generally elliptical in shape and have one end narrower than the other end. The handles are shaped to provide an operator an infinite number of angles to which the operator&#39;s hand may effectively grip the handles. Additionally the handles provide an outer surface which provides a flat tactile grip area The combination of these elements, along with the shape and location of the preferred trigger and locking arm switch used to activate the preferred router, provides an operator, while operating the router, with the ability to find and use a handle-holding position which is comfortable for the individual user for holding the handles. 
     A further improvement relates to a sub-base alignment system. In a preferred embodiment, the alignment system comprises a plurality of raised bosses which are located on the sub-base at known locations and which engage a plurality of recessed cavities in the router base. Alternatively, the raised bosses may be placed on the router base and the cavities may be located in the sub-base, or a combination of boss and cavity locations may be used. The router base is positioned at a known locations relative to the center of rotation of the router bit. For example, in the plunge router shown, the base is coupled to plunge guide posts, which themselves are coupled to the motor housing at known locations. The coupling of the raised bosses with the recessed cavities places the sub-base at a known position relative to the router base. In such a configuration, the outer edge of the sub-base, which may be used to guide the router when making a cut, is held at a known position relative to the center of rotation of the router chuck, thus enabling the precise guidance of the router relative to a guide member. 
     These and various other advantages and features of novelty which characterize router improvements are pointed out with particularity in the claims which are annexed hereto and which form a part hereof. However, for a better understanding of the improvements, their advantages, and the objects obtained by use of these improvements, reference should be made to the drawings which form a further part hereof, and to accompanying descriptions, in which there are illustrated and described specific examples of the improvements. 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     Referring now to the drawings in which like reference numbers represent corresponding parts throughout: 
     FIG. 1 illustrates a perspective view of a plunge router which incorporates the present invention. 
     FIG. 2 illustrates a front view of a plunge router which incorporates the present invention. 
     FIG. 3 illustrates a back view of a plunge router which incorporates the present invention. 
     FIG. 4 illustrates a side view of a plunge router which incorporates the present invention. 
     FIG. 5 illustrates a top view of a plunge router which incorporates the present invention. 
     FIG. 6A illustrates an exploded view of the components of a router according to an example embodiment of the present invention. 
     FIGS. 6B-D illustrate additional views of the components of a router according to an example embodiment of the present invention. 
     FIG. 7 illustrates an exploded view of a router handle comprising a switching system according to another example embodiment of the present invention. 
     FIGS. 8A-D illustrates the arrangement of components of a switching system within a router handle in a locked position according to one embodiment of the present invention. 
     FIGS. 8E-H illustrates the arrangement of components of a switching system within a router handle in an unlocked position according to one embodiment of the present invention. 
     FIGS. 8I-K illustrates the arrangement of components of a switching system within a router handle in a locked-on position according to one embodiment of the present invention. 
     FIG. 8L illustrates an arrangement of the components of a switching system within a router handle when the locked-on position has been disabled according to one embodiment of the present invention. 
     FIG. 8M illustrates a placement of a contact switch coupled to a trigger according to an example embodiment of the present invention. 
     FIG. 9 illustrates a chuck and collet alignment system coupled to an armature shaft of a router motor according to another embodiment of the present invention. 
     FIGS. 10A and B illustrate a plunge locking system in a unlocked position according to an example embodiment of the present invention. 
     FIGS. 10C and D illustrate a plunge locking system in a locked position according to an example embodiment of the present invention. 
     FIG. 11A illustrates a circuit diagram for a parallelon-off switching system according to another example embodiment of the present invention. 
     FIG. 11B illustrates a circuit diagram for a switchable motor brake system according to another example embodiment of the present invention. 
     FIG. 12 illustrates a depth stop rod which is part of a plunge depth stop system according to another embodiment of the present invention. 
     FIG. 13A illustrates a portion of a micro-adjust system according to an example embodiment of the present invention. 
     FIG. 13B illustrates a plunge guide rod used in combination with a portion of a micro-adjust system according to an example embodiment of the present invention. 
     FIG. 14 illustrates a coupling of a router sub-base, router base, and a router plunge guide post as part of an example embodiment of a sub-base alignment system according to another example embodiment of the present invention. 
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
     In the following description of an exemplary embodiment, reference is made to the accompanying drawings which form a part hereof, and in which is shown by way of illustration a specific embodiment in which the present invention may be practiced. It is to be understood that other embodiments may be utilized, as structural changes may be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. 
     ROUTER TRIGGER SWITCHING SYSTEM 
     The present router may be configured at the time of router manufacture with both first and second switches, each in parallel either being usable to engage or disengage the router operation. In a two switch embodiment, a first switch is preferably a contact-type switch  182  coupled to a trigger  25  discussed in more detail below, and a second switch  226  may be configured as a toggle switch  226  located on top of the router. Second toggle switch  226  can be of particulary advantage when mounting the present router upside down in a router table. In such an embodiment, the first and second switches are wired in parallel, as shown in FIG. 11A, where either switch may be used to engage and disengage the router motor. First lockable switch  182  and trigger  25  combination is typically used when the router is hand-held. Second lockable switch  226  is particularly useful, for example, when the router is mounted upside down in a router table since toggle switch  226  typically is easily reached and operated when the router is in such a position. 
     Alternatively, the toggle switch  226  may be confugured at the time of manufacture to operate as an engageable and disengageable router brake as discussed further below. In such an embodiment, the internal wiring of the router is shown in FIG.  11 B. While the same components are used. Compare FIGS. 11A and 11B, the circuits shown provide the functionality described further below. 
     As previously indicated, the first router switch  182  and trigger  25  combination is used both to engage and to lock out the operation of the router motor. FIG. 7 illustrates an exploded view of components of the switching system contained within a router handle according to one embodiment of the present invention, including a first router handle  11 , a trigger  25  located on first handle  11 , and a locking lever  41  located within the first handle. 
     Router handle  11  comprises an outer handle periphery  652  which itself has an outer circumference,  650 . Trigger  25  is located on the first handle  11  and is configured to activate the router motor when depressed from an off position to an on position. As trigger  25  is moved to the on position, the trigger  25  moves into the first handle with the shape of the trigger conforming to the shape of a corresponding portion of the outer periphery  652  of the first handle  8 . 
     Arm member  41  is located along a portion of the outer periphery of the first handle to permit locking lever  41  to be operated by the index finger of an operator. Arm member  41  moves about the outer periphery of the first handle from a locked to an unlocked position. Arm member  41  is shown in three different positions in FIGS. 8A,  8 E, and  8 I. Trigger  25  and locking lever  41  preferably are configured to operate together such that the trigger will not operate and move into first router handle  11  until locking lever  41  has been moved from the locked position (see FIG. 8A) to the unlocked position (see FIG.  8 E). Trigger  25  preferably is located between the motor housing and the outer handle periphery  652  of the first handle  8  such that the trigger  25  can be operated by the thumb of an operator as the thumb squeezes the trigger  25  while gripping the first router handle  11 . The operator can also move the locking lever  41  from the locked position (see FIG. 8A) to the unlocked position (see FIG. 8E) using the index finger of the same hand. 
     Trigger  25  may be coupled to a pair of electrical switches  182  within first router handle  11  such that the switch  1821  is depressed when the trigger  25  has moved from the off position (see FIG. 8B) to the on position (see FIG.  8 F). During the operation of the router, electrical switch  182  is connected in a circuit with the router motor and an external electrical power source (such as from a wall outlet through a power cord) to operate the router motor. When electrical switch  1821  is depressed, contacts within the switch are closed to complete the electrical circuit between the motor and the power source see FIGS. 11A and 11B. 
     Locking lever  41  preferably is further configured to hold trigger  25  in the on position when the locking lever  41  is in a locked on position (see FIG.  8 I). This locked on position is reached once the operator moves the trigger to the on position (see FIG. 8F) after moving the locking lever to the unlocked position (see FIG.  8 E). The locked on configuration is shown in FIG.  8 I. Locking lever  41  preferably is configured to hold the trigger in place until such time as the trigger is depressed again once the locking lever  41  has entered the locked on position. 
     To accomplish locked on operation, the locking system within the first router handle comprises a spring extension  58 , a locking lug  44 , and a lug axial member  42 . The spring extension  58  is connected between a catch located on the locking lever and a post within the first router handle. Spring extension  58  provides a bias force to the locking lever  41 , causing it to rotate from the locked to the unlocked position when not held by an operator. As shown in the Figures, locking lug  44  is located between the lug axle member  42  and locking lever  41  and is used to perform the lock on and lock off operations. Locking lever  41  defines a slot  820  about its center through which the locking lug  44  can slide. Locking lug  44  is shaped to mate with slot such that, when the slot of the locking lever aligns with the locking lug, the locking lug can travel through the slot. When the locking lever is in the locked position (see FIG. 8A) slot  820  is not aligned with the locking lug  44 , and thus the locking lug  44  cannot slide through the slot. When the locking lever  41  has been moved by an operator to the unlocked position (see FIG. 8E) the slot  820  and locking lug  44  are aligned. The locking lug  44  is coupled to one end  251  of the trigger  25  such that the locking lug  44  will slide through the slot in the locking lever  41  once the trigger is depressed. 
     The trigger  25  is locked out and cannot operate when the locking lever  41  is in the locked position because the locking lever  41  is in the path of motion for the locking lug  44  which needs to move if the trigger is to be depressed. Once the locking lever  41  is moved to the unlocked position, and thus the locking lug  44  aligns with the slot in the locking lever  44 , the trigger can be depressed because the locking lug will now slide through slot in the locking lever  41 . This combination of functions provides the locking out mechanism for the trigger because the trigger  25  only makes connections with the electrical switch  182  when fully depressed. As shown in FIG. 8M, switch  182  is located within the motor housing  61 . Trigger  25  is coupled to contact  1821  on one side of switch  182  such that contact  1821  is depressed when trigger  25  is depressed. Contact  1821  causes the electrical switch  182  to close and complete the electrical circuit between the router motor and an external power source. With respect to trigger  25 , this combination of components controls the electrical operation of the router motor. 
     The locking lug  44  and locking lever  41  preferably are further configured to have a finger  821  and catch  822  combination so that they can engage each other once the locking lug  44  has moved sufficiently through the slot  820  in the locking lug. When the finger  821  and catch  822  combination engage, as shown in FIG. 8B, the locking lug is held in place. With the locking lug  44  stationary, part of lug  44  remains in the slot  820  within the locking lever  41 , thus preventing it from rotating against the biased force of the extension spring  58 . Locking lug  44 , also being coupled to the trigger  25 , holds the trigger  25  in place. This combination of components when in a particular position, as shown in FIG. 8E, therefore creates a locked on position as the trigger  25  will remain stationary in its on position. Because the trigger  25  depresses the electrical switch  1102  when the trigger  25  is in the on position, locking the trigger in its on position causes the trigger  25  to continually depress the electrical switch  1102  which energizes the router motor. 
     When the locking lug  44  and locking lever  41  combination are located in this locked on position and the trigger  25  is depressed, the finger coupling combination of the locking lug  44  and locking lever  41  disengage and thus permit the locking lug  44  and trigger to slide back through the slot  820  within the locking lever  41 . The biased force from the spring extension  58  causes the locking lever  41  to rotate back to the locked position. This combination of components operating in this manner perform the disengagement of the locked on operation. The locking lug  44  is configured such that it can be assembled in a configuration where the lug is rotated 180° about its vertical axis and placed on the lug axle such that the finger element protrudes in the opposite direction when the lug is inserted within the slot  820  of the locking lever  41  (see FIG.  8 L). When the components are assembled in this combination, the finger  821  element of the locking lug will not be engaged to catch  822  on the locking lever  41 , thus eliminating the locked on operation of the locking system, should the locked on feature not be desired. 
     While the preferred embodiment shown in FIGS. 1-8, illustrate a plunge router, the router trigger switching system will operate on any type of router or similar cutting device which posses at least one handle. 
     ROUTER CHUCK MOUNTING SYSTEM 
     In the preferred embodiment, the router comprises a chuck and collet mounting system for mounting the chuck and collet on one end of an armature shaft of the router motor for attaching a cutting tool to the router. A preferred chuck and collet mounting system are shown in FIG.  9 . The router shown comprises a motor having an armature shaft  901  which extends through the bottom of a motor housing  61 . The router also comprises a router base  1  coupled to the motor housing  61  to support the motor above the base at various heights. 
     The preferred chuck mounting system is coupled to the lower end of the armature shaft  901  and comprises a detachable collet  145  and collet nut  148 . Chuck  142  is mechanically coupled to the armature shaft  901  and to a lower router bearing  902 . Bearing  902  has both an inner race  951  and outer race  952 . The lower router bearing is configured to receive the armature shaft  901  within its inner race, and outer race of the lower router bearing is secured by the motor housing to permit the armature shaft and inner race to rotate within the housing. An upper router bearing  28  is located above lower router bearing  902  to accept and support the upper end of the armature shaft. The upper and lower router bearings may be of conventional design and any number of possible upper and lower router bearing designs and location combinations can be used with to the present invention. 
     Chuck  142  defines a vertical lengthwise hole  920  having a series of varying inner diameters and has a lower end is configured accept the collet and router bit shank for installation within the chuck and thus the router. Chuck  142  also has a top face  955  proximate the upper end of the chuck. The armature shaft  901  also defines a vertical lengthwise hole  961  in a bottom portion of the armature shaft  901  and is configured to align with a vertical lengthwise hole within the chuck  142  to permit the router bit shank to pass through the hole within the chuck  142  and move upwards into the hole within the armature shaft  901  itself. 
     According to one particular embodiment of the present invention, the top face of the chuck  142  engages a lower surface  910  of the inner race  951  of lower router bearing  902  in order to square the chuck  142  with the motor housing. The inner diameter of the chuck  142 , along a portion near its top face  955 , engages a portion of an outer diameter  911  of the armature shaft  901 , along a corresponding portion near its lower end, in order to align the chuck with the armature shaft  901  along a portion of the chuck running from the top face and extending along a portion of the vertical lengthwise hole within the chuck. In one particular embodiment of the present invention, the outer diameter surface of the armature shaft is threaded  912  as is the surface of the upper portion of the vertical lengthwise hole within the chuck such that these threads mate to hold the chuck in place on the end of the armature shaft. 
     The lengthwise hole through the chuck  142  possesses a tapered hole having an initial diameter which widens from its initial value at the mating point between the armature shaft  901  and the chuck  142  to allow the chuck to accept a tapered shaped collet  145 . The tapered hole is located along a lower portion of lengthwise hole through the chuck  142  which begins after a point where the armature shaft and chucks mating surfaces end. The collet will fit within this widening hole  920 . 
     According to one particular embodiment, the collet defines a lengthwise hole  930  through its center to accept the router bit shank and has an outer surface which is sloped from a minimum diameter at its top toward a maximum diameter near its bottom such that the outer shape of the collet mates with the inner shape of the lower portion of the lengthwise vertical hole within the chuck. The collet also has the plurality of lengthwise slots  925  used to permit the inner diameter of the collet  145  to be narrowed as the collet nut  148  is tightened on the chuck  142 . In the embodiment shown, the router bit shank passes through lengthwise hole  930  within the collet  145  and up into the hole within the armature shaft  901 . A collet nut  148  tightens about the router bit shank to hold it in place. 
     Collet nut  148  is located about the lower end of the collet  145  and has a threaded inner diameter surface  931 . The treaded inner diameter surface  931  is sized to mate with the outer diameter surface of the chuck  142  about its lower end such that the collet nut  148  can be threaded onto the bottom of the chuck  142 . As the collet nut  148  is threaded up onto the chuck, the nut moves up the outer sides of the collet compressing inward, causing the collet to move against itself about the plurality of slots thus tightening the collet about the shank of a router bit. 
     In one embodiment, the chuck and collet combination is a wrench operated collet requiring the use of two wrenches (not shown) to tighten the collet nut. According to another embodiment, the chuck and collet mounting system comprises a cylindrical locking pin  2  located perpendicular to chuck  142  within a support structure to permit the collet nut  148  to be tightened using only a single wrench. Cylindrical locking pin  2  has a lock and unlock position within the support structure. When in the locked position, the pin  2  slides inward toward the outside of chuck  142  which defines a plurality of mating holes  935  sized to accept the cylindrical locking pin. When the locking pin is held in place within one of the mating holes, the chuck  142  cannot rotate. An operator can hold the pin  2  in its locked position within one of the holes  935  in the chuck  142  while the other hand uses a wrench to move the collet nut  148  and thus tighten or loosen the collet nut. In the preferred embodiment, cylindrical locking pin  2  includes a spring operated bias system  3  within the support structure to pull the cylindrical locking pin  2  away from the chuck  142 . The bias system keeps the cylindrical pin  2  away from the chuck  142  when an operator is not pressing against the outward end of the cylindrical locking pin  2 . 
     PLUNGE ROUTER LOCKING SYSTEM 
     In another embodiment of the present invention, a plunge router comprises a plunge locking system used to hold the router motor and its housing above the router base. The present plunge router comprises a router motor located within a motor housing  61  and a router base  1  which is coupled to at least a first plunge guide post  7 . The first guide post is configured to support the motor housing  61  and thus the router motor at a plurality of selectable heights above the router base. The plunge locking system is configured to provide the operator with a locking mechanism to easily adjust the height of the motor housing above the router base. 
     In the embodiment shown, the plunge locking system comprises a threaded coupler member  91 , a lock and lever arm  103 , a brass plug  97 , a torsion spring  46 , and a mating catch device  1001 . In its basic operation, the lock arm lever  103  is coupled to one end of the threaded coupler member  91 . The lock arm lever  103  is coupled to the motor housing  61  using a pair of threaded mating surfaces on the lock arm lever  103  and a through hole  1004  defined within the motor housing  61 . The threaded mating system is organized such that, as the lock arm lever  103  rotates, the lock arm lever  103  moves inward toward the motor housing  61 . Because the lock arm lever is coupled to the outer end of the threaded coupler member  91 , threaded coupler member  91  moves inward into the motor housing  61 . 
     The motor housing is configured to surround at least a first guide post  7  so that the motor housing  61  can slide up and down on the guide post  7 . The first guide post  7  is located within the motor housing  61  at a location such that the threaded coupler member  91  engages the guide post when in its inward locked position. The friction between threaded coupler member  91  and the first plunge guide post  7  prevents the threaded member  91  from moving upward or downward. Because the treaded member  91  is coupled to the locking lever  103 , which itself is coupled to the motor housing, the motor housing  61  is held at the height set when the locking lever  103  is moved to cause the treaded member  91  to engage the plunge guide post  7 . 
     In one particular embodiment of the present invention, a brass plug  97  is located at the inward end of the threaded coupler member  91  such that the brass plug  97 , and not the threaded coupler member  91 , engages the first guide post  7  when the locking system is engaged. The brass plug  97  may be used to provide a softer metal material than the steel typically used for the plunge guide posts  7  so that the engagement of the plug  97  and the guide post  7  does not scar or mar the surfaces of the guide post  7 . As the lock arm lever  103  is being rotated between the locked and unlocked positions, the threaded coupler member  91  is correspondingly moving inward and outward such that it will engage or not engage the plunge rod  7  to hold the motor housing  61  at a fixed point above the router base  1 . 
     In its operation, the lock arm lever  103  has two positions, a locked and an unlocked position. At the unlocked position, the lock arm lever may be held in place either by an operator holding the lever or by coupling the lock arm lever to a mating catch device  1001  located on the motor housing  61 . The use of the mating catch device  1001  to hold the lock arm lever in the unlocked position effectively disables the plunge lock. 
     In its unlocked position (see FIGS. 10C and 10D) the lock arm lever  103  has rotated such that the threaded coupler member has pulled away from the plunge guide post, and the motor housing is free to slide up and down on the plunge guide post. When the lock arm lever is in the locked position (see FIGS. 10A and 10B) the lock arm lever  103  has rotated such that the threaded coupler member (and its brass plug, if included) have moved inward, engaging the outer surface of the plunge guide post and holding the assembly in place. 
     The preferred plunge locking system also comprises a torsion spring  46  which comprises a catch rod  463  proximate one end of the spring and a support rod  462  proximate the other end of the spring. Torsion spring  46  originally is located about the threaded coupler member  91  adjacent to the lock arm lever  103 . In the preferred embodiment, the catch rod  463  which extends outwardly from the coiled torsion spring  46 , is coupled to the back side of the lock arm lever  103  such that the catch rod  463  rotates with the movement of the lock arm lever  103 . The support rod  462 , which also extends outward from the coiled torsion spring  46 , engages one side of the mating catch device  1001  which extends outward from the side of the motor housing  61 . 
     The mating catch device  1001 , according to a preferred embodiment to the present invention, contains a V-shaped notch  1111  proximate its outward end to accept the catch rod  463  when the lock arm lever  103  is moved into the unlocked position. As the lock arm lever  103  rotates between the locked and unlocked position, the catch rod  463  located along the back side of the lock arm lever  103  moves above the mating catch device  1001 . Because the catch rod  463  runs parallel from the lock arm lever  103 , it is slightly below the back surface of the lock arm lever  103 . The mating catch device  1001  is located along a point of rotation for the lock arm lever  103  such that the catch rod  463  will be centered above the V-shaped notch  1111  in the outward end of the mating catch device  1001 . Because the outward end of the catch rod  463  is coupled to the back surface of the lock lever  103 , the catch rod  463  will hold the lock arm lever  103  in place in the unlocked position when the catch rod  463  is located within the V-shaped notch  1111  of the mating catch device  1001 . 
     In operation, the operator rotates the lock arm lever  103  from the locked to unlocked position. At that time, that catch rod  463  will be centered within the V-shaped notch  1111 , and the lock arm lever  103  can be held from rotating back by the V-shaped notch  1111 . When an operator wants to move the lock arm lever  103  back to the locked position, the operator applies sufficient force to the lock arm lever  103 , and thus in turn to the catch rod  463 , to overcome the friction between the V-shaped notch  1111  and the catch rod  463 . The operator forces the catch rod  463  over the edge of the V-shaped notch  1111  in order to permit the lock arm lever  103  to rotate back to the locked position using the bias force created within the torsion spring  46 . 
     Mating catch device  1001  preferably is located adjacent to the mating point between the lock arm lever  103  and the motor housing  61  such that the support rod  462  will not rotate when the lock arm lever  103  moves between the locked and unlocked position. Because the support arm is coupled to the side of the mating catch device  1001 , the rotational force within the torsion spring  46  is created when the lock arm lever  103  moves from the locked to unlocked position. Accordingly, torsion spring  46  creates a bias force against the movement of the lock arm lever  103  when the lock arm lever  103  is not in the locked position. 
     SWITCHABLE ROUTER BRAKE SYSTEM 
     In another embodiment, the router also comprises a switchable motor brake system for controlling the operation of the router motor  136 . The preferred switchable motor brake system comprises the circuit shown in the diagram of FIG.  11 B. In such an embodiment, the router comprises a router motor surrounded by a motor housing  61 , the motor brake system, and a brake control switch  226  which is used to engage or disengage the motor brake system. The motor brake system may comprise a load resister  1103  placed across a set of windings  1104  of the router motor. Load resister  1103  operates to bleed off electrical current contained within the motor when the motor control switch  1102  is switched to an off position. Brake control switch  226  is electrically connected to the motor brake load resistor  1103  such that the motor brake resistor  1103  is electrically disconnected from the router motor windings when the brake control switch  226  is in a first position. The brake control switch  226  will connect the load resistor  1103  to the router motor windings  1104  when it is in a second position. In one such embodiment, the brake control switch  226  shown in the circuit of FIG. 11B is a toggle switch  226  mounted on motor housing  61 . 
     When the load resistor  1103  is placed across the router motor windings  1104 , the router motor will stop rotating almost immediately after the router motor is turned off using a motor control switch  182 . When the brake control switch  226  is in the first position, and the load resistor  1103  is not placed across the windings  1104 , the router motor will continue to spin down slowly after the motor control switch  182  is moved from the on to off position. The feature of disengaging the router motor brake allows the operator to have finer control of the operation of the router, since application of the load resistor across the router windings can cause the router motor to jerk slightly do to the rotationally-induced braking torque. When the router brake load resistor is not placed across the motor windings, the torque induced jerk effect does not occur. By disengaging the motor brake system, the user can have finer control over the operation of the router when doing delicate cutting work. 
     PLUNGE ROUTER DEPTH STOP SYSTEM 
     According to an example embodiment of the present invention, a plunge router may also comprise an improved adjustable bit depth stop system. As described before, the present router comprises a router motor which is surrounded by a motor housing  61  and which is supported above a router base  1  using at least one plunge guide post  7 . The plunge guide post  7  is coupled to the router base I at one end and is configured to support the motor housing  61  at a plurality of selectable depth stop positions above the router base. The preferred plunge router depth stop system, shown in part in FIG. 12, comprises a rotatable depth stop rod  40  which has a selection member protrusion portion  1201  protruding from the depth stop rod proximate one end. The depth stop rod  40  is located within a restraining collar  1004  affixed to one side of motor housing  61 . 
     The adjustable depth stop system also comprises a step-wise rising depth stop  601  having a plurality of stop position surfaces  603  located on the router base  1 . The step-wise rising depth stop  601  is configured to engage the selection member protrusion portion  1201  of the depth stop rod  40  to stop the plunge router at a desired depth. 
     Restraining collar  1004 , which is affixed to the motor housing  61 , comprises an adjustable restraining device  1005  to hold the depth stop rod  40  at a desired selectable height as well as to permit the depth stop rod to rotate at the desired selected height in order to enable the selection protrusion member of the depth stop rod to engage a selected one of a plurality of stop positions within the rising depth stop  601 . The selection member protrusion portion  1201  of the depth stop rod  40  engages any one of these plurality of stop position surfaces  603  when the rotatable depth stop rod  40  is rotated to a position in which the depth stop rod selection protrusion portion  1201  is vertically aligned above the selected one of the plurality of depth stop position surfaces  603  located on the step-wise rising depth stop  601 . 
     The depth stop rod  40  itself is configured to slide vertically within the restraining collar  1004  in order to enable the desired depth stop height to be set to a plurality of heights under the control of the adjustable restraining device  1005 . In operation, the selection protrusion member  1201  of depth stop rod  40  is aligned above one of the plurality of depth stop position surfaces  601  and is held at the height desired when the restraining collar is tightened. As the motor housing  61  is lowered on the plunge guide posts  7  toward the router base  1 , the selection member protrusion portion  1201  engages the selected one of the plurality of stop position surfaces  603  when the motor housing has reached the desired height, thus preventing the motor housing and corresponding router bit from plunging any deeper into the material being cut. 
     The adjustable restraining collar  1004  is also configured to hold the depth stop rod  40  within the restraining collar at the desired height while also preventing the depth stop rod from rotating within the collar without the application of a rotational force by an operator. Because the selected one of the plurality of depth stop positions surfaces  603  are at various heights above the router base, an operator can set the depth stop rod at a desired height and rotate the rod  40  to one of the selected plurality of depth stop surfaces  603  having the desired separation from the router base  1 . The operator can then plunge the router to cut into the work piece material to the height set by the combination of the depth stop rod  40  at a height and the particular selected one of the plurality of depth stop position surfaces  603 . Once the operator has completed the cut at this height, the operator can simply rotate the depth stop rod  40  within the restraining collar  1004 , while maintaining the height setting of the depth stop rod  40 , such that the selection member protrusion portion  1201  of the depth stop rod  40  engages a different one of the plurality of depth stop position surfaces  603 . Restraining collar  1004  is configured to hold the depth stop rod  40  in place. Restraining collar  1004  is also configured to permit the depth stop rod  40  to rotate at a set height when an operator applies a rotational force to a turret knob  38  coupled to one end of the depth stop rod  40 . Because the second stop position surfaces have different heights from the router base, the plunge router can be plunged to a different position for successive cuts. Assuming that the operator first selects the highest depth stop position surface  603 , this process can be repeated for as many of the depth stop position surfaces as exist within the step-wise rising depth stop  601  located on the router base  1 . 
     Using the adjustable depth stop system, an operator can perform a series of cuts at increasingly deeper positions, with a known separation between each of the stops (as established by the depth stop position surfaces  603 ) in order to allow for efficient and accurate cutting of the work piece material without the need to remove their grip from the router handles to adjust the depth stop system. In alternative embodiments of the present depth stop invention, the step-wise rising depth stop system  601  can be either affixed to or integral with router base  1  and can contain any number of rising stop positions. Additionally, the step-wise rising stop system  601  can comprises machine screws adjustable with threaded apertures defined by system  601  in order to provide step-wise rising depth stop at a plurality of heights set by the machine screws  602 , as shown in FIG.  6 D. 
     The depth stop rod  40  itself may comprise a turret knob  38  located proximate the opposite end from the selection member protrusion portion. Turret knob  38  typically is located near the top of the router motor housing and is configured to permit the depth stop rod  40  to be rotated within the restraining collar using a thumb motion of an operator. 
     The adjustable restraining device  1005  within the restraining collar  1004  comprises a rotatable knob  59 , a spring washer  13 , and a cylindrical screw having a threaded post located on one side of the cylindrical screw to connect the rotatable knob to the restraining device  1005  and also to define a length-wise hole  1006  through the screw  37 . Spring washer  13  may be located about the threaded post between the rotatable knob  59  and the cylindrical screw  37 , and the depth stop rod is located within the length-wise hole  1006  of the cylindrical screw  37 . The depth stop rod  40  is configured to both rotate and slide vertically within the length-wise hole of the cylindrical screw  37  when the rotatable knob  59  is rotated to an outward position. The depth stop rod  40  preferably is held in place using a frictional force between the contact surfaces of the cylindrical screw  37  and the depth stop rod  40  when the rotatable knob  59  has rotated to an inward position. As the knob rotates inward on the threaded post of the cylindrical screw  37 , contact between the cylindrical screw  37  and the depth stop rod  40  is made. Friction between the screw  37  and the rod  40  holds the depth stop rod  40  in place. 
     ERGONOMIC ROUTER HANDLES 
     According to a preferred embodiment, the present router comprises one or more ergonomic handles  8  and  11  for use in holding the router during use. In such and embodiment the router comprises a motor, a motor housing surrounding the router motor, a router base, first and second router handle coupled to opposing sides of the motor housing, and a trigger switch used to engage the router motor. One particular embodiment of the trigger switch  25  is described above when discussing the lock out mechanism. 
     The first and second router handles,  11  and  8 , have an outside surface, a handle circumference  650  which is generally parallel to the armature shaft, an inner surface portion  651  located within the handle periphery and being configured to connect the handle to the motor housing, and an outer surface portion  652  located within the handle periphery and being configured to provide a gripping surface for the user to grip the first and second router handles. Preferred trigger switch  25  is configured move in and out of the first handle and is configured to become flush with the inner surface portion when the trigger switch  25  has been moved into the on position. 
     In a router with two similar or identically shaped handles, such as on each side of the router motor housing, the first and second router handles are configured to provide an infinite number of user grip angles between the outside surface  652  of the router handles and the motor housing itself to provide an infinite number of comfortable gripping positions for a user to hold the handles. In order to accomplish this objective, the handle periphery of the first and second router handles typically has an elliptical shape and has an upper  661  and lower side  662 , with the upper side  661  being more narrow than the lower side  662 . The outer portion  652  of the first and second router handles is configured to curve outward from the outer handle periphery  650 . The inner portion of the handles  651  slopes from the outer handle periphery back toward the motor housing  61  to provide a place for the user to grip the handles with the operator&#39;s thumbs located between the outer handle periphery and the motor housing. 
     The outer portion  652  of the first and second router handles preferably comprises a substantially flat tactile soft gripped area  654  proximate the center of the outer portion  652 . The outer surface of the second handles may be over molded with a thermal elestromere material. 
     THE PLUNGE ROUTER FINE ADJUSTMENT SYSTEM 
     In another example embodiment of the present invention, a plunge router comprises the fine depth adjust system. Such a plunge router comprises a router motor, a motor housing surrounding the motor  61 , a router base  1 , and at least one guide post  7  coupled to the base at one end to support the motor housing at a plurality of selectable heights above the base  1 . A plunge router depth adjust system preferably also comprises a plunge lock lever  103  which has both a locked and an unlocked position. The plunge lock lever  103  is coupled to the motor housing  61  and is configured to lock the motor housing  61  at a plurality of positions along the plurality of guide posts  7 . 
     The preferred adjustable fine depth adjustment system comprises a micro adjust knob  29  which is located at the top of a plunge guide posts  7 . The micro adjust knob  29  is configured to adjust the plunge stop position within the first guide post. 
     As with most plunge routers, an operator typically will want to set the plunge position to which the plunge router moves the motor housing down on plunge guide posts  7  in order to stop at some known desired position. This desired position, having a set distance relative to the cutting end of the router bit, defines how deep the router bit will cut into the material being routed. In the embodiment shown, micro adjust knob  29  rotates to move this plunge position up and down the plunge guide posts relative to the router base  1 . The adjustable bit stopping system of the present router typically comprises a bias system  206  configured to provide a lifting force between the router base  1  and motor housing  61  in order to maintain a separation between a router base I and motor housing  61  when the plunge lock lever  103  is in an unlocked position. When the plunge lock lever  103  is in the locked position, the plunge lock lever  103  holds the router housing at a particular vertical position, and the bias system  206  is not needed. However, when the plunge lock lever  103  is in the unlocked position, the motor housing  61  is free to move along one or more guide posts  7 , and bias system  206  typically is needed to prevent motor housing  61  and thus the router bit from falling into the material being cut. The present plunge router fine adjustment system  1310  is configured to move a plunge stop position between an upper stop  1301  in which the motor housing is at its maximum separation from the router base and a lower stop limit  1302 . The adjustment system  1310  is further configured to directly increase or decrease the separation of the motor housing  61  from the router base  1  as micro adjust knob  29  rotates when the plunge stop position is located at its lower limit  1302 . The motor housing  61  is configured to move between the maximum separation and the plunge stop position when the plunge lock lever  103  is located in its unlocked position as discussed before. 
     In the preferred embodiment, the adjustable bit depth stopping device comprises a depth stop nut  16  which is located within a guide post, such as first guide post  7 . This depth stop nut  16  also defines a threaded hole proximate the center of the depth stop nut and is configured to accept a threaded shaft  172  which has a corresponding threaded diameter. Threaded shaft  172  is coupled at one end to the micro adjust knob  29 . Shaft  172  passes through the nut  16  with shaft threads  1311  mating with the threads on the inner surface of the hole through the center of the depth stop nut  16 . Accordingly, the threaded shaft  172  is configured to cause the depth stop nut  16  to travel along the threaded shaft as the micro adjust knob is rotated. When micro adjust knob  29  is rotated in a first direction, nut  16  moves upward. When micro adjust knob  29  is rotated in the opposite direction, nut  16  will move downward. Accordingly, nut  16  moves up and down along the threaded shaft between maximum height  1301  the lower stop limit  1302 . 
     The lower stop position  1302  for nut  16  corresponds to the plunge stop position being at the lower stop limit  1302 . Micro adjust knob  29  is also coupled to the motor housing in order to prevent the motor housing from moving closer to the router base once the depth stop nut is at the lower stop position. The depth stop nut travels within a hole  1312  that is sized and shaped to mate with the outer configuration of the nut  16  within the first plunge guide post  7  as shown in FIG.  13 B and moves up and down as the motor housing moves up and down. When the nut  16  reaches its lower position, the nut  16  can go no further. The end portion of the threads of nut  16  prevent the threaded shaft from going down any further, which in turn prevents the micro adjust knob from moving. Since micro adjust knob  29  is coupled to the motor housing  61 , it defines a stop at which the motor housing  61  can travel. 
     When depth stop nut  16  is located at its lower stop limit  1302 , the threaded shaft  172  may continue to rotate in a direction which continues to lower the motor housing  61  toward the router base  1 . In the preferred embodiment, an operator can continue to turn the micro adjust knob  29  to precisely lower the motor housing  61  toward the router base  1 , since the threads of the threaded shaft  172  are configured such that, with each rotation of the micro adjust knob  29 , the motor housing will move one-eighth of an inch. 
     A bias system which is part the present adjustable bit stop system comprises a compression spring  206  which is located between the top of the first guide post  7  and the motor housing  61 . Threaded shaft  172  travels through the center of a compression spring  206 , and the compression spring  206  is compressed to create a bias force as the motor housing  61  travels down the guide posts  7  toward the router base  1 . 
     To operate the micro adjust depth stop system, an operator may follow steps set forth below. First, micro adjust knob  29  generally is rotated clockwise far enough to allow the router to be plunged to a location that permits the lower end of the router bit to contact the workpiece surface. Second, while maintaining the cutting bit in contact with the work piece, the operator locks the power head to guide post  7  by moving plunge lock lever  103  from the unlocked to locked position. Third, the operator turns micro adjust knob  29  counter-clockwise until it stops moving once depth stop nut  16  reaches its lower position. 
     While maintaining micro adjust knob  29  at this stop orientation, the operator zeros index ring  32  to an index mark  2001  which in the preferred embodiment is located on the front of the housing just below index ring  32 . Without disturbing the orientation of index ring  32  to knob  29 , the operator rotates knob  29  clockwise one revolution of the knob, which in the preferred embodiment equals one-eighth inch adjustment, until the desired depth has been dialed in. Next, the operator releases plunge lock lever  103  to raise motor housing  61  from router base  1  to begin operating the router motor using an engagement switch, such as trigger switch  25 . Once the motor is running, the operator may plunge the router downward to its stop position. The router will not drive the cutting bit any farther into the work piece than the previously-dialed-in depth as defined by micro adjust knob  29 . Once at this depth position, an operator may lock the plunge lock  103  and perform the relevant task. 
     Once the particular cut desired has been completed, the operator can unlock plunge lock lever  103  and raise the router from this plunged position until the bit is above the bottom of the sub-base  1 . The preferred router will continue to plunge to this previously dialed-in depth until the operator adjusts the stopped position using micro adjust knob  29  as defined above, or until the operator repositions the cutting bit in the chuck. 
     Depth stop rod  40 , with its selection protrusion member portion  1201 , which engage the stepwise rising depth stop  601  located on the router base  1 , may be used in conjunction with the present micro adjust depth stop feature if the operator wishes to step down the depth to a dialed-in depth. Otherwise, the depth stop rod  40 , with its protrusion selection member portion, may be raised near its maximum height and clamped out of the operator&#39;s way. 
     Although the drawings and description herein depict the present fine-adjust system to operate in a hand-held plunge router, the present fine-adjust system may be used in alternate embodiments such as in a router table, or such as in the present router mounted upside down as part of a router table. 
     PLUNGE ROUTER SUB-BASE ALIGNMENT SYSTEM 
     According to another embodiment of the present invention the present router may comprise a sub-base alignment system. In such a system, the router comprises a router motor, a motor housing  61  surrounding the router motor, and a router base  1  comprising a sub-base  55 . Although applicable to non-plunge routers as well, the drawings and descriptions depict the present sub-base alignment system configured with a plunge router comprising a plurality of plunge guide posts  7  used to support the motor housing  61  at a plurality of heights from the router base  1 . The present sub-base alignment compares a plurality of raised bosses  1401  located on sub-base plate  55  at positions to permit the bosses  1401  to engage a plurality of recessed cavities  1402  within the base plate. In the plunge router embodiment shown, the plurality of plunge rod posts  7  each mate with the base plate  1  at matching guide post cavities defined by router base  1 , to place the base plate  1  at a known position relative to the center of rotation of the router. In the preferred embodiment, the upper end of the plunge rod posts  7  mate the motor housing  61  at known positions. As shown in the drawings, the raised bosses  1401  may be located on the router sub-base  55  and are similarly located at known positions in order to place the outer periphery of router sub-base  55  at a desired position relative to the center of rotation of the router chuck by having the raised bosses  1401  mate with the recessed cavities  1402 . 
     In the preferred embodiment, the recessed cavities  1402  defined by the base plate  1  are machined at predetermined locations to precisely locate the cavities relative to the mating positions of plunge guide posts  7  within base plate  1 . Given this configuration, the components of the motor housing  61 , the plunge guide posts  7 , the base plate  1 , and the sub-base  55 , are all configured to a set of points which have known references to each other all relative to the center point of the router. 
     In the preferred embodiment, sub-base  55  comprises a straight edge  1403  on at least one side such that the straight edge  1403  has a fixed desired position of relative to the raised bosses  1401 . In such a configuration, straight edge  1403  will have a known position relative to the center of rotation for the router motor and thus the center of rotation for cutting tool, such that an operator can position the cutting tool in a desired position for the entire length of a cut, such as with a straight-edge member acting as a guide fence. In the sub-base shown, a portion  1404  of sub-base edge  55  also may be curved. The curved edge portion  1404  of sub-base  55  may have a fixed radius from the center of rotation of the router motor, and curved edge  1404  has a known position relative to the raised bosses  1401 , such that the curved edge  1404  has a known position relative to the center of rotation of the router motor. In one particular embodiment, the curved surface  1404  is circular about the rotation of the router motor, such that the curved edge  1404  of the sub-base  55  can be used to guide the router motor along a straight cut at any rotational position of the router, such that the rotational position of the router will not affect the position of the cut relative to an edge guide used to guide the router along the sub-base. 
     While the drawings and descriptions herein illustrate the raised bosses  1401  as being located on the sub-base  55  and illustrate the recesses cavities as being located on the base  1 , the recessed bosses and recessed cavities may be located on either, or both the sub-base and base without departing from the scope and spirit of the sub-base alignment system, as long as a recessed boss mates with a recessed cavity at a known locations. The present alignment system may also be employed in any router, laminate trimmer, or similar tool that possess a base and sub-base combination. 
     The foregoing description of the exemplary embodiment of improved router features has been presented for the purposes of illustration and description. The preceding description is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit any of the disclosed inventions. Many modifications and variations are possible. It is intended that the scope of the present router inventions be limited not with this detailed description, but rather by the claims appended hereto.