Abstract:
A novel extrusion method and apparatus are disclosed for varying the width of an extruded article which employs the use of thermal pins in the extruder die body and does not involve the use of any mechanical manipulation of the die configuration.

Description:
The present invention relates to an apparatus for extruding thermoplastics. More particularly, the present invention relates to an apparatus and method for preparing thermoplastic sheets. Most particularly, the present invention relates to an apparatus and method for extruding thermoplastic resins to provide sheets of variable width. 
     BACKGROUND OF THE PRESENT INVENTION 
     The process of extruding thermoplastics to form a wide variety of articles is well known in the art. Extrusion has been employed to produce sheets, films, pellets and wire and cable coatings, as well as other products. Typically, the thermoplastic is fed to an extruder wherein the thermoplastic is melted and then the melt is forced through a shaping die under pressure. 
     One of the drawbacks associated with the extruding of sheets and other articles is the problem of the need to change the die when a different width article is desired. Removing the die and replacing it with a new die of different dimensions has proved to be cumbersome and cause a lot of down time on the extruder. 
     The use of adjustable deckles has been disclosed in the prior art to facilitate the altering of the width of the die and the extruded article. For example, Ryan et al., U.S. Pat. No. 3,320,634 disclose the use of adjustable deckle plates to change the die configuration. Chiselko et al., U.S. Pat. No. 3,293,689 teach the use of tracks to move deckle bars in order to regulate the width of extruded sheets. Another patent disclosing the use of adjustable deckles is Melead, U.S. Pat. No. 3,829,274. 
     Maejma, U.S. Pat. No. 4,978,289 discloses a process control system to adjust lip-width adjusting devices on the basis of a correction signal to provide uniformity in the width of the extruded article. 
     However all of these disclosures still require the use of mechanical devices to change the configuration of the die through which the molten thermoplastic flows. It would represent a notable advance in the state of the art if a means for altering the width of extruded articles could be provided which did not require mechanical manipulation of the die configuration. 
     To this end, the present applicant has found that the width of an extruded article can be altered without the need for mechanical modification of the extruder die. Such a notable advance enables the user to change the width of the extruder article while the extruder remains on line and does not result in any down time. 
     SUMMARY OF THE PRESENT INVENTION 
     According to the present invention there is provided a novel extrusion die apparatus comprising: an elongated die body; at least one inlet leading into said die body; an extruder die opening; and at least one means for removing heat from said die body. Preferred as heat removing means are thermal pins. 
     Also according to the present invention there is provided a method of varying the width of an extruded thermoplastic sheet comprising extruding a molten thermoplastic resin through an extruder equipped with an extrusion die body having a die opening adapted for extruding a sheet and having at least one means for removing heat from each end zone of the die body wherein the amount of heat removed from the end zone can be controllably varied. 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     FIG. 1 is a diagram of a side view of an extruder useful in the practice of the present invention. 
     FIG. 2 is a diagram of a top view of an extruder die body useful in the practice of the present invention. 
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PRESENT INVENTION 
     The present invention provides a novel extruder apparatus which facilitates the varying of the width of an extruded article. The following description will be given in terms of sheet extrusion but can be equally applied to other extrusion methods. 
     Referring to FIG. 1, a thermoplastic resin in a hopper 2 is fed through a feed throat 4 into the extruder barrel 6. A wide variety of thermoplastic resins are contemplated for use in the present invention. These include any thermoplastic resins which are typically employed in extrusion methods. Typically the thermoplastic resins useful in the practice of the present invention include, but are not limited to polyphenylene ether, alkenyl aromatic polymers and copolymers, polyamides, polycarbonates, polyether sulfones, polyesters, polyetherimides, polyetherimide esters, polyetheresters mixtures and copolymers of any of the foregoing. Such resins are well-known in the art, are described in the patent literature and are available commercially. 
     The resin is melted in barrel 6 by heater bands (not shown) and transported down the length of the barrel by screw 8. Any conventional screw or extruder may be employed in the process of the present invention. Thus, multiple screw extruders as well as single screw extruders may employed in the present invention. See, Modern Plastics Encyclopedia &#39;89, McGraw Hill, pp. 242-44. 
     The molten thermoplastic then enters the die body 10 and exits the extruder through die 12 which can consist of any conventional die. See, Modern Plastics Encyclopedia &#39;89, McGraw Hill, pp. 244-48. Preferably the die 12 is a die adapted for extruding a sheet. 
     Referring now to FIG. 2, the barrel 6 equipped with heaters 14 lead into the die body 10. In the die body there are provided means for withdrawing heat from the die body interspersed between the heaters. Preferably, the means for withdrawing heat from the die body comprise thermal pins 16. Thermal pins are known in the art and are available commercially such as Noren thermal pin heat conductors. 
     Typically the thermal pin heat conductors are each individually connected to a chiller (not shown), such as a cool air supply, to supply a heat removing medium to the thermal pins. 
     By regulating the temperature of the die body, as monitored with thermocouples 18, one can alter the width of the thermoplastic which is extruded through the die. Individual controlling of each of the thermal pins allows more precise control of the die body temperature and therefore also more precise control of the sheet width. 
     DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
     The following example illustrates the present invention. It is not to be construed to limit the scope of the appended claims in any manner whatsoever. 
     EXAMPLE 
     A conventional die body is altered by removing die bolts to accommodate the inclusion of thermal pins. The desired number of thermal pin holes are drilled midway between the cartridge heater holes on each end of the die. These holes are found to interfere with the bolts used to hold the die halves together, so four smaller holes are drilled and tapped into the die to hold the die halves together. The original die has six heaters on the end zone of the die for heat control--three in the top half of the die and three in the bottom half of the die. These end zones are thereby converted to three heat zones comprising of two heaters each, i.e., each zone comprises of the bottom and top half heaters connected as a single heat zone. Thermocouple (RTD) holes are drilled between each thermal pin and heater zone to control the temperature in that area. 
     A housing was then fabricated to enclose the thermal pins. Connected to the housing was a portable chiller to supply chilled air to cool the thermal pins. Further the housing has a damper to regulate the flow of the chilled air. To vary the width of the film product, insert the required number of thermal pin heat conductors in each half of the die and disconnect the heaters in that area. Use the remaining heaters to control the die temperatures to produce the desired width of film. 
     Alternatively, the temperature of the die zones can be varied by altering the amount of chilled air flow through the thermal pins, or by varying the temperature of the air, or by varying the number of thermal pins employed. 
     A 41/2 inch Sterling single screw extruder was operated with polycarbonate employing the following temperature conditions: 
     Zone 1-124° F.; Zone 2-448° F.; Zone 3-530° F.; Zone 4-530° F.; and Zone 5-535° F., Zone 1 being nearest the end block and Zone 5 being farthest from the end block. 
     Chilled air is circulated to the housing at 50° F., and removed from the housing at 91° F. The film width operating at these conditions was 29 inches. 
     The damper on the exit side of the housing on the thermal pin housing was partially closed to reduce the air flow and raise the zone 1 temperature to 131° F. This had little effect on the film appearance. This procedure was repeated until the damper was completely closed (Example 5) as follows to produce sheets of varying widths. 
     
         ______________________________________Example1            2      3          4      5______________________________________Temperature Profile, °F.Zone 1  124      131    145      190    240Zone 2  448      468    477      509    530Zone 3  530      530    539      541    541Zone 4  530      544    557      561    561Zone 5  535      520    515      508    508Sheet Width, inches    29       29       31.75    32.25                                     33.5______________________________________ 
    
     It can be seen from the data above, that the apparatus and process of the present invention provides a means for varying the width of an extruding sheet without the need for mechanically manipulating the die configuration. 
     The above-mentioned patents and publications are hereby incorporated by reference. 
     Many variations of the present invention will suggest themselves to those of ordinary skill in the in light of the above-detailed description. All such obvious modifications are within the full intended scope of the appended claims.