Abstract:
A self releasing snap receives and secures an object like a rope, cable or line, and the release of the object by the fastener is in response to a force applied to the opposing fastening end through a second line. The releasing feature is adjustable in reference to the force required on the opposing end to activate the self releasing feature. The self releasing snap may be manually operated to release the object with a lesser force than is required to activate the self releasing feature.

Description:
DESCRIPTION 
     1. Technical Field 
     This invention relates to self releasing snaps. 
     2. Background of the Invention 
     Releasing snaps of the type wherein one end releases an object when a certain force is applied to the other end to prevent breakage or damage of the snap or attached rope, cable, or line often require a spring means within the snap. Most commonly, a female section of the snap fastens to a mating male portion on the cable, like a cable with a ball end or other mating piece that fits into a female portion of the releasing snap. For example, U.S. Pat. Nos. 602,569 and 3,413,692 describe devices which utilize mating male and female parts which release when they are subjected to an undesirable force. 
     DISCLOSURE OF INVENTION 
     It is an object of the present invention to provide a simplified self-contained self releasing snap means. 
     Another object of this invention is to provide a simplified self-contained self releasing fastener requiring fewer parts for operation, therefore lowering manufacturing costs of the self releasing fastener. 
     Another object of this invention is the coaxial stacked inner and outer cylinders that allows for a compact final assembly of the releasing fastener. 
     The foregoing and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent in light of the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments thereof as shown in the accompanying drawings. 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING 
     FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the self releasing snap. 
     FIG. 2 is a top view of the self releasing fastener as it appears in the normally closed position. 
     FIG. 3 is side view of the self releasing fastener as it appears in the normally closed position. 
     FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line 4--4 in FIG. 3 showing the top view of the self releasing fastener as it appears in the normally closed position. 
     FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line 5--5 in FIG. 4 showing the side view of the self releasing fastener as it appears in the normally closed position. 
     FIG. 6 is a sectional view-showing the top view of the self releasing fastener as it appears releasing an object under force as applied through a sharp. 
     FIG. 7 is a sectional view showing the top view of the self releasing fastener as it appears releasing the object while being manually opened by using a thumbrest. 
     FIG. 8 is a view showing a jam nut placed adjacent to an adjustment nut. 
     FIG. 9 is a view showing an embodiment which utilizes two pivoting jaws. 
     FIG. 10 is a view showing an embodiment where the strap is fastened to a ring, which is secured in an end cap by being threaded to an inner cylindrical housing. 
    
    
     BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION 
     Referring to the exemplary embodiments of FIGS. 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, a self releasing snap according to the present invention is designated by reference numeral 10. The self releasing snap 10 has a first end 12 and a second end 14. A first force is applied to the first end 12 relative to the second end 14 through a strap 16 attached to an inner cylindrical housing pin 18. The inner cylindrical pin 18 is securely fitted to an inner cylindrical housing 20 through an inner cylindrical housing pin opening 22. The inner cylindrical housing 20 has an inner cylindrical housing first opening 24 at the first end 12 and an inner cylindrical housing second opening 26 at the second end 14. 
     The second end 14 comprises a jaw 28 and a pivot jaw 30. Jaw 28 is attached to a threaded rod 32 positioned inside the inner cylindrical housing 20. The threaded rod 32 has an adjustment nut 34 screwed onto the end of the threaded rod 32 to contain and adjust the tension of an inner compression spring 36 positioned outside of the threaded rod 32 and inside the inner cylindrical housing 20. As shown in FIG. 8, a jam nut 38 may be used adjacent to adjustment nut 34 to restrict movement of the adjustment nut 34. The other end of the inner compression spring 36 rests against an inwardly extending lip 40 at the inner cylindrical second opening 26. The pivot jaw 30 pivots at a first jaw pin 42, which is positioned through the jaw 28. 
     An outer cylindrical housing 44 is positioned coaxially outside of the inner cylindrical housing 20, the outer cylindrical housing 44 having an outer cylindrical housing first opening 46 at the first end 12 and an outer cylindrical housing second opening 48 at the second end 14. An outer compression spring 50 is positioned outside of inner cylindrical housing 20 and inside of the outer cylindrical housing 44. The outer compression spring 50 pushes against the inner cylindrical housing pin 18 at one end and against an inwardly extending shoulder 52 at the other end. The outer cylindrical housing second opening 48 is sized to allow free motion of the outer cylindrical housing 44 over and along the inner cylindrical housing 20. 
     When the releasing fastener 10 is at rest, the pivot jaw 30 is forced closed against jaw 28 by the contact of an outer cylindrical housing inner wall 54 against a pivot jaw tapered shoulder 56, which rotates about first jaw pin 42. The contact results from the outer cylindrical housing 44 being forced toward the second end 14 of the fastener 10 relative to the inner cylindrical housing 20 by the outer compression spring 50. The jaw 28 and pivot jaw 30 are maintained securely against the inner cylindrical housing 20 by the inner compression spring 36 and are forced to contact the outer cylindrical housing second opening 48. 
     The outer cylindrical housing 44 has an outer cylindrical housing assembly opening 58, which is used as an assembly aid to position the inner cylindrical housing pin 18 through the inner cylindrical housing 20. 
     FIG. 7 illustrates the self releasing snap being opened manually. The outer cylindrical housing 44 has a slot 60, as shown in FIG. 2, to accommodate axial movement of the thumbrest 62 to manually open pivot jaw 30. Thumbrest 62 may be secured to the inner cylindrical housing 20 by any means such as being welded, threaded or cast integrally with the inner cylindrical housing 20. The outer compression spring 50 has less tension than the inner compression spring 36; therefore, the jaws may be manually opened by pushing the thumbrest 62 forward while holding the outer cylindrical housing 44 stationary, which frees the pivot jaw shoulder 56 from contacting the outer cylindrical housing inner wall 54. The pivot jaw 30 is biased open when set free from the outer cylindrical housing 44 by use of a jaw compression spring 64, which is positioned inside a first jaw slot 66 inside of the jaw 28 and a second jaw slot 68 inside of the pivot jaw 30. 
     FIG. 6 illustrates the self releasing snap 10 being activated while under a predetermined load placed upon the inner cylindrical housing pin 18 through strap 16 at the first end 12. Pivot jaw 30 is allowed to open during the self release operation, which frees the object 100 trapped by jaw 28 and pivot jaw 30. The force upon the inner cylindrical housing pin 18 causes the inner cylindrical housing 20 and the inwardly extending lip 40 to move against the inner compression spring 36. As the inner cylindrical housing 20 moves toward the first end 12, the thumbrest 62 contacts the bottom of slot 60 in the outer cylindrical housing 44, which moves the outer cylindrical housing 44 towards the first end 12. The jaw 28 and pivot jaw 30, which have an object 100 trapped, remain closed until contact between the outer cylindrical housing inner wall 54 and the pivot jaw shoulder 56 is no longer maintained. The pivot jaw 30 then opens and releases the object 100 from the fastener 10 and eliminates the reactionary force that caused the fastener 10 to self release. The compressed force of the inner compression spring 36 forces the fastener 10 to automatically return to the closed rest position. 
     FIG. 8 illustrates the jam nut 38 adjacent to adjustment nut 34, which restricts the movement of adjustment nut 34. 
     FIG. 9 illustrates an embodiment where jaws 28 and 30 both pivot at the first jaw pin 42 and a second jaw pin 70 while being activated to self release object 100. 
     FIG. 10 illustrates the strap 16 fastened to ring 72, which is attached to an end cap 74 by stud 76, which is deformed at the end. The end cap 74 is secured by being threaded to an inner cylindrical housing wall 78 and secures the outer compression spring 50. Ring 72 is free to rotate about end cap 74 at ring stud 76. 
     Expansion pins may be used for pins 18, 42, and 70 to restrict movement of the pins. 
     The construction of the self releasing snap may be made with a number of materials that will withstand the forces needed, which depends on the end use, including corrosion resistant alloys and polymers such as stainless steel, titanium, aluminum, zinc, monel alloys, and silicon RTV rubber polyurethane, or any combination thereof. The outer cylindrical housing 44 may be made from a silicon RTV rubber polyurethane material, more commonly known as SILASTIC K, available from Dow Chemical in Midland, Mich. 48686-0997. 
     Although the invention has been shown and described with respect to a preferred embodiment thereof, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that other various changes and omissions in the form and detail thereof may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.