Abstract:
A business method and process directed to enabling an employer who contracts with one or more government agency or with concurrent private and public works activities to process payroll on contract-specific bases in order to: generate certified payroll records for predetermined intervals; provide alerts and reports allowing said contractor to anticipate compliance vulnerability and choose real time manpower adjustments; provide evidence of meeting and exceeding government objectives as well as managing the assignment of personnel to enhance worker cooperation, spirit, and hence, morale.

Description:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
       [0001]    The present invention relates generally to tracking, compiling, reporting, analyzing, planning, processing, certifying for regulatory compliance, payroll and man hours by labor classification for projects requiring the detailed keeping and reporting of payroll records, said projects including but not limited to public works projects. 
       STATEMENT OF GOVERNMENTAL ASSISTANCE 
       [0002]    Applicant hereby represents that no part of the subject invention or application has come about with the assistance of government funds or by virtue of a government program. 
       BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
       [0003]    Presently, in the field of government construction projects, also known as public works projects, whereby contractors are required in a variety of jurisdictions to provide certified payroll records (“CPR&#39;s”)as proof that certain mandates related to prevailing wages, benefits, insurances, contributions and other forms of compensation or payroll distributions and deductions (hereafter, payroll “criteria”) are properly met and reported. For the purposes of this application and discussion, we will use the word “contractor” to describe an entity which enters into a contract to supply goods and services to a purchaser, where such supply of goods and services involves labor content where the monitoring and reporting of the compensation and benefits and other criteria attendant to such labor content is regulated by various governmental requirements. 
         [0004]    Complicating the matter, depending on the governmental entity; e.g., municipal, county, state, or federal, the number and classification of these criteria can vary with significance. 
         [0005]    Admittedly, a variety of criteria are fairly standard or commonplace, such as: standard compensation and benefits, primarily hourly; workers&#39; compensation insurance; federal social security contribution deductions (“FICA”); contributions to defined retirement, benefit or pension plans; union dues; and the list goes on. 
         [0006]    A variety of standalone business and payroll tracking computer programs such as Quickbooks® 1  and others have provisions for keeping track of and reporting certain of the more standard criteria found in day to day payroll accounting and reporting common to any employer, but do not have the capability to process the more particularized criteria common to governmental or public works projects requiring complex payroll certification.  1 Quickbooks is a registered trademark of Intuit Software, maker of the popular Quicken and Quickbooks personal and business financial tracking software products. 
         [0007]    Since the 1990&#39;s when companies have looked to cut overhead costs or “borrow” or learn from “best practices” of other companies&#39; experience, the trend to “outsourcing” various overhead functions has led to the emergence of payroll service companies or bureaus (“PSB”), which manage the payroll tracking, computation and function of check issuance, thereby relieving the contractor of internal overhead, variable expenses which may change over time, and for which a reduction in “head count” may be achieved by turning such a traditional accounting function over to a company having specialty in such services. These PSB&#39;s are subject to an additional facet of complexity as they perform their function for a number of clients (contractors and non-contractors alike). At present, PSB&#39;s typically struggle to keep up with governmental requirements for certifying and reporting labor cost and usage for public works projects, are woefully inadequate in preventing labor reporting fraud, and perform almost no function which could assist the contractor in managing the application of its labor force pro-actively to assure continued compliance on public works projects. 
         [0008]    Some of this complexity stems from not only the aforementioned criteria but the fact that many contractors may perform work on multiple regulated projects at the same time, and may also concurrently work on non-regulated contracts or other work assignments with the same labor personnel, even during the same time period. This means that multiple calculations involving varying criteria may apply for one employee of a customer who has worked on public works and private sector projects during the same week and even the same day. PSB&#39;s and stand alone computer programs and systems (“SA&#39;s”) currently are not set up to meet this complexity and require either custom computer applications maintained internally by the contractor or must be manually tracked and reported by same in order to meet government requirements for certifying prevailing wage compliance on public works projects, while maintaining the flexibility to distinguish between public sector and private works applications of labor. 
         [0009]    Because of the complexity faced by PSB&#39;s in providing specialized tracking and reporting for contractors engaging in both public and private projects and the generic nature and limitations of the aforementioned SA&#39;s, many contractors have found it necessary to resort to the implementation of costly and sophisticated payroll processing systems in an attempt to satisfy the regulatory requirements for certifying payroll reports or maintain a costly staff of accounting and payroll personnel to meet their reporting obligations. In many instances, contractors are deficient or inaccurate in their tracking and reporting of necessary criteria, even in some cases, dummying up reports and certifications in order to satisfy regulatory mandates and thereby acting unlawfully. 
         [0010]    Unfortunately, many of the sophisticated systems which do exist in the field today fail to accurately certify and report the necessary criteria because: 1) a comprehensive understanding of regulatory mandates and contractor requirements for the adherence to same, which is highly specific to the public works sector, is typically not found in the knowledge base of the accountants and programmers who create standalone and customized payroll systems: 2) variations in the opinions of government administrators even in the same jurisdiction related to rule interpretation, as well as regulatory and rules changes made by the various jurisdictions quickly render the SA&#39;s and customized programs of PSB&#39;s and large contractors inadequate; and 3) most if not all SA&#39;s do not provide reporting functions satisfactory to enable a contractor to adjust his manpower loading and hence, labor classification ratios in a dynamic sense to pro-actively and timely assure regulatory compliance on contracts or projects requiring minimum percentages of apprentice workers. The contractor which maintains its own payroll calculation and certification or reporting functions must continually train and maintain a knowledgeable payroll and accounting staff and its computerized payroll system at high cost and subject to significant risk if such maintenance of staff and systems is deficient. Such a burden increases general and administrative costs thereby making some contractors less competitive in the marketplace. What is needed is a system or method to augment PSB&#39;s and SA&#39;s in the performance of labor classification and other criteria in such a way to maintain adherence to changing regulatory schemes at the same time providing for the calculation, tracking, reporting and certifying as needed, various criteria pertaining to multiple employees of contractors working on a combination of public works and private sector projects. 
         [0011]    U.S. Pat. No. 6,401,079 B1 issued Jun. 4, 2002 to Kahn et al. describes a System For Web-Based Payroll and Benefits Administration. This reference implements and enforces compliance with a wide variety of tax-related and employment-related rules across a variety of governmental jurisdictions relating to such criteria as overtime pay, benefit limits, payment frequency and scheduled reporting requirements. The system is described as capable of receiving electronic updates automatically to ensure compliance with current rule changes. It also states that employers may set up custom policies and the systems can review and validate employees&#39; paychecks as well as print paychecks or submit them to a back-end payroll service. In this reference, a substantive description of the various standalone systems, enterprise-level human resource information systems (“HRIS”), and the problem of integrating payroll system functionality with that of a centralized payroll service are discussed. 
         [0012]    As pointed out by the Kahn reference, standalone programs are difficult to update on a frequent enough basis to assure continued current compliance with regulatory changes. While such changes can be issued by the software company&#39;s updating and maintenance departments, the sophisticated systems described above also require extensive reprogramming in order to update compliance factors to be applied to the appropriate criterion. 
         [0013]    Kahn purports to provide full-featured payroll system functionality in a single embodiment on both the client and server side with a “robust user interface via a standard web browser.” The system includes a centralized database on the server side to provide constant access to raw data to both the back end payroll service and to the system interface. 
         [0014]    In today&#39;s world, through the use of relational databases providing links between various tables by certain common or specialized fields, the same may be accomplished with relative ease. 
         [0015]    Kahn further provides custom reports which the system will generate to the appropriate party at “specified reporting interval[s]”. 
         [0016]    When the employee works on a mix of public or private contracts, or for a plurality of contracts, the employee in one sense may be de facto working for more than one “employer” for the purposes of certified payroll reporting. 
         [0017]    What Kahn does not appear to provide for is the calculation of various criteria for a multiplicity of de facto “employers” for the same employee, for example when a contractor supplies the same worker to perform work on multiple projects or contracts, where in this case the various de facto employers are the same or different government or private agencies having separate contracts with the contractor, in essence having multiple employers for the same employee for reporting purposes. 
         [0018]    What is needed then is a payroll processing, tracking and reporting system and method which addresses, by contract (or project), the various treatment of payroll criteria such that reporting may be complete and certifiable based on the requirements of each contract. Furthermore, said system and method should be capable of integration with or augmentation of both PSB&#39;s and SA&#39;s. 
         [0019]    Furthermore, to aid a contractor in analyzing whether it is supplying the correct ratio of journeymen to apprentices for a given contract (rather than as in Kahn which provides custom reports only at specified intervals), real time classification ratios should be reportable to said contractors with comparisons to required limits or thresholds to allow the contractor in real time, to increase or decrease manpower by classification as necessary to achieve compliance, and most importantly, to avoid non-compliance. 
         [0020]    In a system like the Kahn system, in order for a contractor to be able to so project manage, it would be necessary for the system to print out certain criteria such as labor classifications and the contractor would need to interpret said results with an eye toward desired ratios for the entire contract. 
         [0021]    Kahn does not appear to teach any such project management function. Much of the customized features pertain to such financial items such as retirement, direct deposit, pension plans, etc. It does not appear that Kahn contemplates any kind of productivity or classification ratio analysis which would allow a contractor to assure continued compliance with a specific contract. 
         [0022]    To have enhanced utility for a contractor, or other government supplier, a payroll processing and reporting system, whether an internal manual system, PSB or SA, should provide means for interpolating or extrapolating real time compliance with regulatory requirements. In order to accomplish such analysis, it is necessary to have a means to input and compare the primarily non-financial overall manhour targets by labor classification for meaningful comparison with actual work performed. Granted, one could track the amount spent by classification to arrive at a specific ratio, but the amount which comprises the denominator in any such calculation is still fundamentally a function of the overall number of target manhours to be allowed or limited. The prior art does not appear to demonstrate in standalone or other dedicated payroll processing programs or systems adequate provisions for tracking the progress of labor classifications against contract targets necessary in meeting minimum apprentice employment requirements, reporting or certification. 
         [0023]    What is needed is a system which contains overall contract ratio or limit criteria in the form of manhours planned or contracted for, in order to alert a contractor when labor classification ratios are vulnerable to slipping out of compliance and to enable project management decisions to be made to assure concurrent, continued or final compliance. Such additional information would need also to be updated to reflect similar reporting for change orders or extra work approved for each contract. 
         [0024]    Along the lines of reporting vulnerability is the opportunity to also report and take credit for exceeding compliance in such a way to show the management of the contractor in a preferred light to a government agency for demonstrating better results for using for example, minority workers, disabled, and other classifications of workers that the government has indicated it desires to employ on public projects. Such reporting may be used to place the contractor in a better competitive position in future bidding or contracting opportunities with said agency, or may be touted in pre-qualification rounds or in the bid offering submitted to a governmental agency for preferred consideration or evaluation. 
         [0025]    What is needed then is additional classification means to identify preferential groups or other criteria to be reported by contractors to demonstrate and communicate an improvement on the objectives of a government agency involved letting contracts. 
         [0026]    Similar to the immediately foregoing preference “success” reporting, it is incumbent on the part of contractors to also spread projects across his employee base such that each employee has an opportunity, where possible, to work on particularly good projects, thereby increasing worker morale. This morality factor has significant impact on employee retention, productivity, and soft impacts such as employee spirit and cooperation for example, when requested to work overtime or switch tasks, jobs, or work locations, the employee having confidence that the employer will treat the employee with fairness and integrity. Such workforce morale provides distinct benefits to employees as well as perceived value-added dimensions to the contractors client and customer base, and is believed to contribute to employee productivity. 
         [0027]    What is needed then is tracking and reporting means for providing capability to an employer/contractor to manage his workforce across his contractual commitments part and parcel with his ability to track labor classification, certify compliance with contract-specific regulations. 
         [0028]    The United States Patent and Trademark Office granted U.S. Pat. No. 6,850,905 B2 on Feb. 1, 2005 to Kelly for a MODULAR SERVICE PAYROLL SYSTEM. 
         [0029]    The Kelly reference provides a payroll system and method for processing payroll for employees for work during a pay period on any of one or more projects. A debit account is provided for the employee in order to allow for “extra time” which the employee works but is not billed to the customer, as well as inexcusable extra time, each potentially being offset to the account of the employee. A “company factor” is also established for manipulation as a function for a “unit rate compensation amount” allowing management review of productivity and overall efficiency of a department of the company. 
         [0030]    While these types of measurements are helpful in a general management sense, as taught, the Kelly reference does not lend itself easily to the realm of contract compliance for public works projects. In fact, the nature of prevailing wage laws and provisions may prohibit the type of system taught by Kelly because historically, public works prevailing wage and other labor laws do not comport with schemes such as “piece work” or the crediting back of time on employee accounts and are thereby fundamentally in conflict with such payment policies. 
         [0031]    While most contractor based payroll is reported and paid on a weekly basis, some other bases do exist for payroll based primarily on labor hours expended. It is most common in the industry to pay construction workers at the end of a calendar week, or a weekly pay period. Other pay periods may exist such as bi-weekly (every two weeks), semi-monthly (twice monthly), monthly, etc. It is quite uncommon to have a pay period which would be less than one week, however, it is true that in the case of termination, a worker is entitled to receive his or her pay within a specified number of days of termination, and in fact, some labor brokers are prepared to pay an employee upon termination a rate for the day or hours worked up to and including the last shift worked. 
         [0032]    What is needed then is a method which allows complete flexibility in the reporting of payroll and which may also be based on variable pay periods, from the hour, to the day, to a standard weekly pay period and longer while maintaining the ability to create a weekly CPR regardless of pay period duration. 
         [0033]    Also needed is a method to track, manage and report employee work on a plurality of projects integral to the compliance reporting and management of workers in at least a partial government setting. This is acutely necessary when more than one contract has time applied against it in the same pay period. 
         [0034]    Other companies or products which currently provide contractor-focused payroll systems of which Applicant is aware include: 
         [0035]    Sunburst Software, an add-on to primary software processor Quickbooks®, which enters data prior to payroll processing on a payroll report form interface. Sunburst&#39;s product then combines the primary processor&#39;s information with job specific criteria for a certified payroll record, or “CPR.” However, the added reporting functions which will aid the contractor in changing course during the contract are not included with the Sunburst product, and the real time, daily and, more specifically, hourly nature of reporting and tracking criteria over a multiplicity of contracts for a single worker as well as tracking classification-specific hours accrued against estimated hours either do not exist, or are insufficient to meet the various management needs as articulated above for today&#39;s government (public works) contractor; and 
         [0036]    American Contractor, a product intended for large contractors which treats an inordinate amount of functions for the contractor from estimating, cost tracking, payroll, company accounting, material purchases, project management and other business and financial matters. 
         [0037]    For the contractor who primarily needs a product to satisfy simple certified payroll reporting and real time labor hour management of its relevant contracts, the product is over-capable and seriously cost prohibitive. It is essentially an “all or nothing” commitment. More applicable to the construction business on a seriously large scale, the product is simply a vastly more complex solution than required and the amount of cost, training and time required to become familiar enough and to continue using the product would not be cost or time effective for the anticipated specialized independent government contractor which does not want to run his entire business with such a huge and expensive system, and only needs to track and report labor within regulatory requirements according to specific contracts. 
         [0038]    What is needed then is a cost-effective, focused solution to provide meaningful reporting as required by largely financially or labor driven government contracting regulations and furthermore, substantive reports enabling the contractor to effectively manage his workforce as well as to pro-actively plan for and assure contractual compliance. 
       SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
       [0039]    Applicant&#39;s business method and process is directed to enabling an employer who contracts with one or more government agency or with concurrent private and public works activities to process payroll on contract-specific bases in order to: generate certified payroll records for government mandated intervals; provide alerts and reports allowing said contractor to anticipate compliance vulnerability and choose real time manpower options; provide evidence of meeting and exceeding government objectives as well as managing the assignment of personnel to enhance worker cooperation, spirit, and hence, morale. 
         [0040]    The invention comprises in part a payroll accounting and processing method, a system, a set of related data tables or stores for processing payroll for workers employed by entities who contract at least in part with government agencies, where said contracts are subject to jurisdiction-specific rules, regulations and statutes pertaining to criteria such as prevailing wage by labor classification including but not limited to minimum apprentice to journeymen employment ratios, and may require contractor contributions into training funds in addition to other disbursements or deposits typically determined by the number of man hours expended on any given contract. 
         [0041]    It is an object of the present invention to provide data with such completeness which is not only employee specific, but contract specific such that calculation and reporting of all payroll and regulatory criteria may be accurate, complete and certifiable, and in compliance with whatever jurisdiction requires said reporting while still being priced in such a way to be efficient for all parties. 
         [0042]    In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, said information would be provided in the form of relational database tables containing all appropriate employee information as well as all regulation specific contract data. Provision of such data will allow all standard payroll calculations to be generated for normal payroll processing as well as provide informational results back to Applicant&#39;s system for additional analysis, reporting and generation of Certified Payroll Reports, or “CPR&#39;s”. 
         [0043]    For most standalone as well as sophisticated software programs, an API, or Application Program Interface is provided by the program supplier which will allow information to be passed from the add-on application to the primary processing application. As is well known in the art, these API&#39;s are offered to allow other software developers to produce applications for use specifically with said primary applications for a variety of functions. 
         [0044]    It is a further object of the preferred embodiment of Applicant&#39;s invention to provide data tables which contain overall contract ratio or limit criteria in the form of man hours planned or contracted for, in order to alert a contractor when labor classification compliance ratios are vulnerable to slipping out of compliance and to enable project management decisions to be made to assure concurrent, continued or final compliance. 
         [0045]    Therefore, a table is provided which allows for a variety of labor classification and planned manhour information to enable the calculation of various limits and ratios which are relevant to assure compliance with such items as Journeyman/Apprentice ratios, etc. Such additional information would need also to be updated to reflect similar reporting for change orders or extra work approved for each contract. Running tabulations based on increased planned hours totals for original contract scope plus change orders estimates or finally agreed hours would be utilized by Applicant&#39;s system to maintain the integrity of such limit or ratio reporting. 
         [0046]    Such calculations can also be utilized to provide the employer or contractor with alerts such as final opportunities to add specific labor classifications or other criteria enabling the employer to go beyond the payroll processing function toward the project management function to assure real time or current, future or final compliance with regulatory mandates by specific contract. 
         [0047]    It is a further object of the present invention to provide the contractor with means to demonstrate a heightened sense of achievement in the attainment of governmental goals by providing at least one data table for additional classification means to identify preferential groups or other criteria to be reported. With such capability contractors may demonstrate and communicate to a particular agency or to the government at large an improvement on the objectives of the government agency or additional benefits attendant to its services provided for any given contract such as reduction of sick time due to better health and safety practices, attendance, and other quantifiable measures of productivity or quality. 
         [0048]    It is also an object of the present invention to track, manage and report employee work on a plurality of projects integral to the compliance reporting and management of labor working on private and public works projects. This is accomplished by linking the employee data with the contract data by a simple entry on a timesheet, for example. When a manhour for a particular employee is stated as having been expended on a particular task code related to a particular contract, that unique manhour creates a link between the contract criteria table and the employee data table thereby enabling the system to distinguish that employee&#39;s work regardless of contract, but with respect to each contract, and inclusive thereof. It is further possible by information in the employee table to relate to multiple labor classifications defined or included in the contract table to allow any worker to be billed against the appropriate contract according to the correct labor classification. 
         [0049]    It is a further object of the instant invention to provide capability to an employer/contractor to manage his workforce part and parcel with his ability to track labor classification, and certify compliance with contract-specific regulations. By linking the employee data tables with the contract criteria tables, management can track the number of manhours expended by employee on each contract or even more specifically, by class or type of task, thereby providing the necessary information to facilitate fairness in workforce assignment, thereby increasing employee morale. Such management techniques can even be utilized to provide incentives or stimulate competition in the workforce to be rewarded with highly desirable assignments. 
         [0050]    It is an additional object of the present invention to provide a cost efficient and user-friendly solution for employers required to comply with public works required payroll reports. By using relational database methods to integrate with standalone and other customizable payroll processing programs through their API&#39;s and without unneeded capability or capacity, Applicant&#39;s process improves significantly the field of art. 
         [0051]    It is a further object of the present invention to allow the user to generate reports which illustrate a pattern of compliance with all aspects of compliance with government regulation. For example, the management of a prime contractor which may require the selection from two or more specialty subcontractors a preferred subcontractor said management may view the selected subcontractor&#39;s historical “pattern of compliance” favorably and therefor include the selected subcontractor on a list of “prequalified contractors”, thereby enhancing the prime contractor&#39;s overall offering. 
         [0052]    Similarly, where a labor union and a contractor are interested in negotiating a contract, for a variety of potential reasons, the two may find useful in the negotiations an historical pattern of compliance. Also, where a contractors&#39; association may wish to rank, measure, or represent that its members meet or exceed certain standards of compliance with prevailing wage laws, apprenticeship ratio performance; or, illustrate that high compliance standards are regularly met in order to attract the most qualified and competitive workers, such information and historical data has important significance. Another example of the import of such reporting would include a bonding company&#39;s interest in evaluating the risk profile of a public works contractor it may be considering as a client. A variety of reasons all of which are not contemplated herein may exist which derive value from the ability to confirm the compliance and other operational history of a prime or subcontractor. Applicant&#39;s method of measuring and reporting such historical compliance and operational standards goes beyond the prior art to a new level of utility in its field. 
         [0053]    It is also an objective of Applicant&#39;s invention to provide its benefits to the contractor in a cost effective and efficient manner. 
         [0054]    There are at least two primary scenarios where the use of Applicant&#39;s invention would financially benefit a PSB and thereby, its clients. 
         [0055]    The first is a “contractor only” payroll service where only contractor clients are served. In this scenario contractors may exclusively work on public works or government-type projects, may exclusively perform private contracts, or may perform work on each type of contract. 
         [0056]    In one embodiment of Applicant&#39;s invention, pricing for such a service might include a one time setup fee with a low, continuing fee assessed for each work hour processed, or in the case of very large projects, a declining hourly assessment. One way this might be simply illustrated includes: Contractor A wins a new project. Contractor A pays a one time $250 job setup fee to a payroll service bureau. The fee is in at least some part responsible to cover the costs of inputting required contract and employee information necessary to provide minimum certification and reporting requirements. Contractor A provides all such information about the project which is entered into the system by the service bureau. This information is essential in order to allow job-specific reports to be generated and so that the system may correctly allocate “per-project” prevailing wage costs such as actual wages paid, insurances, fringes, training contributions and the like. After job “set up” the more applicable hourly assessment is appropriate to recover the cost of normal payroll processing along with a reasonable profit. Such a payment method avoids overcharging a contractor as in the case of a fee per manhour only basis, which, after setup costs are realistically liquidated early in the project, continues to charge on an hourly basis at the same rate, truly at some point overpaying the actual setup costs It does not take much sophisticated arithmatic to conclude that for a contract involving a significant number of man hours, the assessment based on work hours processed may find the contractor paying the true setup cost many times over in comparison to the above initial scenario involving a set up fee and lower “hourly” assessment. 
         [0057]    The above scenario may be contrasted with a non-public works job having a lower one time setup fee; e.g., $100 setup and then an appropriate charge per manhour. The setup fee is cheaper because there are no certified payroll report requirements, but he processing is still complex because it intersects with the processing of payroll for ALL of the contractor&#39;s projects and the GROSS pay, deductions, and fringes are all still required to be calculated and processed. 
         [0058]    For very large projects, as in the first scenario, a setup fee may be charged with a declining per hour processed assessment to further prevent excess charges for payroll processing which by virtue of the size of the total number of manhours expected to be expended will continually rise. The lowest assessment in the end would truly reflect the true cost of payroll processing including a profit margin. 
         [0059]    For the PSB which wants to add public works contractors to its stable of clients, another embodiment of Applicant&#39;s invention provides for an “add on” billing feature employing an established “per check”, or “per report” (e.g. 1099&#39;s, federal 942&#39;s, W-2&#39;s, etc.) fee based upon which all payroll service clients are billed. When a contractor client is involved in a public works contract, the contractor may instead or in addition pay the payroll service a “per CPR”, or “per hour”, fee. The fee would reflect a minimum threshold cost recovery as in the initial scenario above, but is more directly tied to the number of reports required, again efficiently charging for necessary payroll processing without overcharging the client. 
         [0060]    The advantage of Applicant&#39;s “per hour billing” mode is in its utility for contractors who are in a very special type of market; i.e., the public works arena, the private work arena, or a combination of the two, and have an incentive to price any overhead fees directly onto its estimate of the project being bid. If the contract is not won, the cost is not incurred. If the contract is won, the cost is directly accounted for in the labor burden category and the cost to the government agency is known to be appropriate and at a rate commensurate with the amount of labor time applied without concern for being overcharged for the extra payroll processing service. Whereas the first-discussed setup fee scenario enables both the contractor and PSB to capture appropriate fees necessitated by required reporting, it does not penalize the contractor who performs small contracts where the use of a per hour billed price would be disadvantageous. As well, the per hour billing method allows the cost of a larger contract to be spread out over the length of the contract (measured by the expenditure of labor hours) with no heavy up front charge necessary for smaller contracts. 
         [0061]    In accordance with the capabilities of Applicant&#39;s system, a fee structure driven essentially by the number of labor hours processed without significant setup or other fees would be possible where warranted or desired by the PSB client or SA user, and usable by either PSB&#39;s with a mixed client base or a client base specifically targeted to contractors. 
         [0062]    In some cases, a contractor may wish to employ his laborers under an agreement whereby he assures that the employee will receive a minimum hourly wage for a work week. For example, the laborer is “guaranteed” that for a 40 hour week, the laborer will receive a minimum of $30 per hour or $1200. For a week where the worker would spend 8 hours working on a public works project and 32 hours of the same week working at minimum wage of say, $8 per hour, the actual wages due the laborer would be $656, or short of the $1200 guaranteed wages. The laborer would be due a payment of $544 from the contractor as a result. Conversely, if the same laborer worked 32 hours on the prevailing wage contract at $50 and 8 hours at the $8 minimum wage, he would be paid $1664 and no payment would be due the laborer from the contractor as he exceeded his guaranteed wages. In the case of overtime pay, a weighted average per hour worked adjustment would be utilized to calculate if any additional wage payment were due the laborer. 
         [0063]    In such cases, by including such information in the employee table of Applicant&#39;s invention, the CPR can be generated to report the overall wages paid to the laborer even with the guaranteed minimum as well as the actual public works wages, and the taxes, withholdings, etc. calculated on the entire week&#39;s wages. 
         [0064]    In summarizing, Applicant&#39;s invention is designed to: process extensive payroll criteria in compliance with company specific policies and provisions and specific to various governmental jurisdictions; provide specific reporting to alert the employer in order to enable project management decisions to be regularly made real time to assure continued, future and final compliance with contract requirements; to demonstrate the attainment and even exceeding of certain government agency objectives in the prosecution of work; all the while providing meaningful data to allow the employer to manage its workforce to ensure high worker morale and cooperation all in a cost-effective, focused solution. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0065]      FIG. 1  is a top-tier process flow diagram showing the relationship between Contractor-specific information, Project-specific information generated through Applicant&#39;s invention and a Payroll Service Bureau or Stand Alone; 
           [0066]      FIG. 2  is a process flow diagram of the Contractor-specific information in  FIG. 1 , with added detail; 
           [0067]      FIG. 3  is a process flow diagram showing the variable Project-specific information of  FIG. 1  with added detail and information flow to the diagrams of  FIGS. 2 and 3 . 
           [0068]      FIG. 4  is a process flow showing the flow of information into the Report Generator. 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
       [0069]    As seen in  FIG. 1 , Applicant&#39;s preferred embodiment payroll processing and reporting system  1000  relies on information carried in a variety of tables. Essential tables include by example contractor table  10  which carries the various information pertaining to that Contractor or otherwise in the case of the PSB, client or contractor. Project table  20  carries the pertinent information for any given project and distinguishes between private sector or public works projects by virtue of the information contained therein. 
         [0070]    As is usual in nearly all information sharing between programs or systems, an Application Program Interface or “API”  30  acts as the conduit of information between at a minimum tables  10  and  20 , and more depending on the extent of tables the user wishes to employ. 
         [0071]    API  30  interfaces with PSB/SA  40  which has its own report generator (not shown). An overall report generator  50  also capable of generating reports either directly from PSA/SB  40 , or by virtue of sourcing reportable information through API  30  is shown with its data flow paths. 
         [0072]    Depending on the configuration of PSB/SA  40 , another interface  60  may be provided to accept information from some sort of time record, including but not limited to a time sheet  70  by means of data entry device computer keyboard and mouse  80 . Said data entry device  80  may also be linked in a more direct way with PSB/SA  40 , through interface  60  which is anticipated to be direct or web capable, or directly through either table  10  or  20  whereby the relational link between said tables, the common field being an employee name from said timesheet  70  relates the project information from the timesheet between tables  10  and  20 , allowing the updating of each table, and/or direct information input through API  30  into PSB/SA  40 . Other means for inputting data via interface  60  into the system and therefor also PSB/SA  40  if desired include wireless time recorders currently in use in the field, handheld PDA&#39;s with appropriate software and either wired or wireless capabilities and other data entry methods commonly employed in the field. 
         [0073]      FIG. 2  depicts the typical informational field structure for a relational table primarily housing contractor or client information. Contractor table  10  comprises a heading  100  which can be identified for updating or sourcing of information by means of API  30  or other relevant tables, such as table  20 . Typical entries of information include name/identification number  110 , taxpayer number  120 , address  130 , worker&#39;s compensation rate  140 , and employee information such as a first employee entry  150  and its associated information such as name  151 , social security number  152 , labor classification  153 , weekly wage guarantee  154 , and so forth, providing all pertinent information needed for that employee such that adequate calculations of various payroll criteria may be accessed through API  30  by PSB/SA  40  such that appropriate reports may be generated and actions taken to withhold, pay, disburse, deposit and otherwise treat and process payroll. 
         [0074]    Data flow path  12  may provide information via interface  60  unless said information is uploaded into table  10  via data flow path  14 , which may transmit information from PSB/SA  40  (not shown) via PAI  30  (also not shown). 
         [0075]    Hence, Applicant&#39;s invention provides that information maybe input into all relational tables as shown in  FIG. 1 , tables  10  and  20  via, for example, data entry means  80  through interface  60  or, by virtue of using predetermined table field names compatible or recognized by API  30 , may be uploaded or sourced from any existing PSB/SA  40  tables or data fields. Therefor, the transfer or entry of data may be accomplished on either side of API  30 ; i.e., through Applicant&#39;s system or through the PSB/SA. Each table and the report generator has data paths allowing the exchange of such information either through API  30  or via interface  60 . 
         [0076]    Also contained in table  10  is contractor/client bank information  160  including account numbers  161 , wire transfer information  162  etc. 
         [0077]      FIG. 3  depicts a typical project table  20  with again data flow paths  21 ,  22  and  23 , titled with a table name  200  (in this case “Project”) and carrying relevant information fields such as: name or identification number  210 ; labor classifications  220 ; estimated man hours  230  (broken down by labor classification typically) to be expended or applied; and a field which may be updated with actual man hours  240 , reported via time sheet  70 ; threshold labor classification ratios  250  (primarily journeyman and apprentice classifications for each craft type); prevailing wave information  260  (which may also be contained in subfields of for example, labor class  220 ); as also may be project specific benefit criteria  270 ; a field containing identification as a government contract  280 ; predetermined pay period  290 ; a field for various government preferences  295 , which may include minority or women-owned preferences, ADA or other preferences; and further including other information specific to said project which will typically be transmitted through data flow path  22  to API  30  and thereby PSB/SA  40  for appropriate calculations in the above-mentioned payroll processing functions, and at contractor&#39;s discretion, may be directly used by applicant&#39;s system for direct generation of customized reports. As in the case of the other relational table, data flow path  21  may carry input information from interface  60  (not shown) to table  20 , and a data flow path  23  maybe provided to interchange data between report generator  50  as more particularly shown in  FIG. 4 . 
         [0078]    If data exists in field  280 , then the PSB/SA treats the project as a public works project and performs contractor desired comparisons to generate useful reports as described above, and in addition, produces Certified Payroll Reports or “CPR&#39;s” as required by the appropriate jurisdiction. If field  280  is void of data, then the CPR does not generate. 
         [0079]      FIG. 4  depicts report generator  50 . Report generator  50  receives information from PSB/SA  40  via some data path  51 . Data path  52  may be required for transmitting information to API  30  such that relevant data for customized reports  5000  et al. May be generated. Data path  53  may carry back certain information from standard reports  500  et al. or if not so capable, data path  54  may carry back such information to customized reports  5000  et al. or provide such information directly from PSB/SA  40  through API  30 . 
         [0080]    Line  55  represents a separation between report generators  50 ′ and  50 ″. Report generator  50 ′ is comprised of the standardized reporting utilized by the PSB/SA which would be generated without augmentation or communication with Applicant&#39;s invention. Generator  50 ″ provides customized reports  5000  et al., including but not limited to labor class ratios (apprentices as a function of journeymen)  5000 , the all-important certified payroll report  5100 , preference report  5200  showing performance against contractor established goals for comparison with governmental hiring objectives, manpower leveling report  5300 , which may aid contractorin assuring fair work allocation among its employees, and billing summary report  5400  which allows the user to monitor the cost of processing and aids in recovering costs where contractually allowed. 
         [0081]    In the preferred embodiment, Applicant&#39;s inclusion of relational tables containing project and contractor specific information, capable of being shared with a PSB or SA such that standard as well as custom or certified reports may be generated, constitutes a significant step forward in the capability to generate government required certified prevailing wage reports for the small, medium and even large government or mixed project contractor, with additional proactive project management capabilities, all at reasonable and predictable cost. 
         [0082]    While the invention has been described in connection with what is presently considered the most practical and preferred embodiment(s), it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiment(s) but, on the contrary is intended to cover various modifications and equivalent arrangements included within the scope of the appended claims.