Abstract:
A visual communication method and apparatus that maintain a reliable video quality regardless of variation of source video data amount is provided. The visual communication method includes capturing a video image; filtering video data of a predetermined part of the video image; encoding the video image including filtered video data; and transmitting the encoded video image.

Description:
PRIORITY 
       [0001]    This application claims priority under 35 U.S.C. §119(a) to an application entitled “VISUAL COMMUNICATION METHOD AND APPRATUS” filed in the Korean Intellectual Property Office on May 21, 2007 and assigned Serial No. 2007-0049387, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. 
       BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
       [0002]    1. Field of the Invention 
         [0003]    The present invention relates generally to a visual communication system and, in particular, to a visual communication method and apparatus that maintain reliable video quality regardless of variation of source video data amount by degrading the less important part of the video data. 
         [0004]    2. Description of the Related Art 
         [0005]    With the advance of mobile and computing technologies, mobile phones are becoming very powerful and dominant device for mobile computing. Mobile phones have evolved into mobile multifunction terminals incorporating various functions, such as text messaging, visual communication, internet access functions, etc. Recently, mobile phones are commonly equipped with digital camera. Such a convergence of the multimedia functions enables a mobile phone to be a device for playing visual information including still and motion pictures. 
         [0006]    A camera phone enables a user to capture a digital picture, which can then be sent to another phone or to an e-mail address. However, since the bandwidth assigned for visual communication is very limited, it has been difficult to transmit real time video data in an acceptable video quality. For this reason, there has been a need for an efficient real time video data transmission technique under a limited bandwidth. 
       SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
       [0007]    The present invention has been designed in an effort to solve at least the above problems. The present invention provides a visual communication method and apparatus that provide reliable video quality in a given bandwidth regardless of variation amount of the video data. 
         [0008]    In accordance with an aspect of the present invention, a visual communication method includes capturing a video image; filtering video data of a predetermined part of the video image; encoding the video image including filtered video data; and transmitting the encoded video image. 
         [0009]    In accordance with another aspect of the present invention, a visual communication method includes receiving a visual communication data carrying video image, audio data and control signal; demultiplexing the video image, audio data, and control signal from the visual communication data; and playing the video image and audio data according to the control signal. 
         [0010]    In accordance with another aspect of the present invention, a visual communication method includes capturing a first video image; filtering video data of a filtering part of the first video image; encoding the first video image; transmitting the first video image; receiving a second video image having a filtering part from another terminal; and displaying the second video image. 
         [0011]    In accordance with another aspect of the present invention, a visual communication device includes a camera for capturing a video image; a filter for filtering video data of a predetermined part of the video image; a controller for generating a first visual communication data contained the video image, audio data, and control signal; radio frequency unit for transmitting the first visual communication data carrying a video image and receiving a second visual communication data; and a display for displaying at least one of the transmitted and received video images. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0012]    The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which: 
           [0013]      FIG. 1  is a schematic diagram illustrating a visual communication system according to the present invention; 
           [0014]      FIG. 2  is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a mobile terminal equipped with a visual communication apparatus according to the present invention; 
           [0015]      FIG. 3  is a conceptual view illustrating the degradation part of a video image to be filtered by the filter unit  130  of  FIG. 2 ; 
           [0016]      FIGS. 4A through 4C  are exemplary views illustrating a filtering process of the filter unit of  FIG. 2 ; and 
           [0017]      FIGS. 5 and 6  are flowcharts illustrating visual communication methods according to the present invention. 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS 
       [0018]    Exemplary embodiments of the present invention are described with reference to the accompanying drawings in detail. The same reference numbers are used throughout the drawings to refer to the same or like parts. Detailed descriptions of well-known functions and structures incorporated herein may be omitted to avoid obscuring the subject matter of the present invention. 
         [0019]    In the drawings, certain elements may be exaggerated or omitted or schematically depicted for clarity of the invention, and the actual sizes of the elements are not reflected. Thus, the present invention is not limited in the relative sizes of the elements and distances therebetween. 
         [0020]    Although the following describes aspects of the present invention in terms of a mobile handset, it should be clear that the following also applies to other electronic devices, such as cellular phones, digital broadcast receivers, Personal Digital Assistant (PDA), Smart phones, laptop computer, Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) terminal, Wideband CDMA (WCDMA) terminals, Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM) terminals, General Packet Radio System (GPRS) terminals, and similar communication devices having a process with memory containing firmware and/or application software. 
         [0021]      FIG. 1  is a schematic diagram illustrating a visual communication system according to the present invention. 
         [0022]    Referring to  FIG. 1 , the visual communication system includes at least two mobile terminals  100   a  and  100   b  communicating via a communication network  50 . 
         [0023]    The communication network relays visual communication data exchanged between the mobile terminals  100   a  and  100   b . The communication network  50  includes at least one base station, at least on base station controller for controlling the base station, at least one mobile switching center for controlling the base station controller and responsible for switching calls, and a billing server for collecting charging information (not shown). In the following description, in particular, the communication network relays the video data exchanged between the mobile terminals  100   a  and  100   b.    
         [0024]    Each of the mobile terminal  100   a  and  100   b  is provided with a visual communication module, such as H.264 module. To establish a visual communication link, the mobile terminals  100   a  and  100   b  negotiate video quality and frame rate on the basis of their capability. After a visual communication link is established, the mobile terminals  100   a  and  100   b  perform visual communication in accordance with the video quality and frame rate of the visual communication link. The video quality and frame rate are maintained in the visual communication session. 
         [0025]    During the visual communication session, the mobile terminals  100   a  and  100   b  perform filtering on video signals at a part of an image for suppressing high frequency components to reduce the data amount of the image to be coded. Due to the degradation filtering at a part of the image, the other part of the image to which the degradation filtering is not applied is shown as having a higher resolution than the degraded part. The non-degraded part of the image may be assigned additional bits for increasing the resolution during the encoding process. That is, the mobile terminal  100   a  (or  100   b ) encodes the video data of a specific part of a transmission image (for example, the circumferential margin of the image) at a low resolution and encodes the video data of the other part of the image (for example, the central part surround by the circumferential margin) at a high resolution, in a given video quality and frame rate. Accordingly, the mobile terminals  100   b  and  100   b  enable users to enjoy visual communication with relatively high quality video image. 
         [0026]    In more detail, the mobile terminals  100   a  and  100   b  negotiate video quality and frame rate in consideration of network and terminal capabilities and establish the visual communication link. Based on the negotiated video quality and frame rate, a control unit of each mobile terminal encodes the video data input through a camera module using different coding scheme for the degradation part and the enhancement part of the image to be transmitted. The degradation is achieved by filtering high frequency components such that the low frequency components, for example zeros of a Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT), increase, resulting in high compression rate at the degradation part of the image. This means that small number of bits are assigned for the filtered part of the image. Accordingly, the saved number of bits can be assigned for improving the resolution at the rest part of the image. By improving the resolution of the user attention area while degrading the resolution of the less attention area, it is possible to transmit user-friendly image in a limited bandwidth for visual communication. 
         [0027]      FIG. 2  is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a mobile terminal equipped with a visual communication apparatus according to the present invention. 
         [0028]    Referring to  FIG. 2 , the mobile terminal  100   a  (or  100   b ) includes a Radio Frequency (RF) unit  110 , a camera unit  120 , a filter unit  130 , a control unit  160 , a display unit  150 , a memory unit  170 , a key input unit  140 , and an audio processing unit  180 . 
         [0029]    The RF unit  110  is responsible for transmitting and receiving radio signals, and in particular, representing the video data under the control of the control unit  160 . The RF unit  110  includes an RF transmitter for up-converting and amplifying the radio signal to be transmitted and an RF receiver for low-noise amplifying and down-converting the received radio signal. 
         [0030]    Particularly, the RF unit  110  transmits and receives the signals for establishing a visual communication link under the control of the control unit  160 . The RF unit  110  also transmits and receives the control signals for negotiating the visual communication characteristics, such as video quality and frame rate. In an example that the first mobile terminal  100   a  has a data rate of 56 kbps and the second mobile terminal  100   b  has a data rate of 64 kbps, the visual communication link is preferably set up with a maximum data rate of 56 kbps for avoiding bottleneck effect. Such link establishment data can be included in the terminal profiles of the first and second mobile terminals  100   a  and  100   b . Accordingly, the mobile terminals  100   a  and  100   b  can obtain the capabilities of counterparty terminals by exchanging the terminal profiles. 
         [0031]    The camera unit  120  captures images for use in the visual communication. The camera unit  120  includes a camera sensor (not shown) for picking up light spectrum projected on the lens and converts the light into electrical charges and an analog/digital converter (not shown) for converting the electrical charges, i.e., analog signals, into digital signals. The camera sensor can be implemented with a Charge Coupled Device (CCD) sensor or a Digital Signal Processor (DSP). However, the configuration of the camera sensor is not limited thereto. The camera unit  120  transports the captured image to the filter unit  130 . The camera unit  120  also can directly transport the captured image to the display unit  150  for displaying the image in a preview mode. 
         [0032]    The filter unit  130  performs filtering on the signals corresponding to a preset degradation part (for example, the circumferential margin) of the image. The filter unit  130  can be implemented with a low pass filter. By filtering the signals of the degradation part, the filtering unit  130  removes the high frequency components distributed in the degradation part. Thus, the resolution of the circumferential margin of the image becomes degraded. Because the high frequency components are removed, the data amount is significantly reduced at the circumferential margin. The operation of the filter unit  130  is described later in more detail. 
         [0033]    The control unit  160  controls such that the image of which circumferential margin is degraded in resolution is processed to be fit for the visual communication standard. The video data are combined with audio and control data and then transmitted through the RF unit  110  under the control of the control unit  160 . To process the image to be output as the video data for the visual communication, the control unit  160  is provided with a multimedia processing module, such as H.324M module  161  including H.263 module. In this embodiment, the H.263 module is representatively described as the video codec module. 
         [0034]    The H.263 module  162  processes the video signals output from the camera unit  120  in unit of frame and outputs the video data in the format appropriate for the characteristics and size of a screen of the display unit  150 . At this time, the H.263 module  162  can compress the video data. That is, the H.264 module  162  is responsible for compressing/decompressing the video data to be displayed on the screen of the display unit  150 . The H.263 module can be replaced by a Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG), Wavelet, Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG)2, MPEG4, or H.264 codec module. The H.263 module  162  may convert the video data preprocessed by the filter unit  130 . That is, in the case that the filter  130  is interposed between the camera unit  120  and the H.263 module  162 , the H.263 module  162  performs conversion on the video data preprocessed by the filter unit  130 . 
         [0035]    The H.324M module  161  multiplexes the video data output by the H.263 module  162  with other data to generate visual communication data and outputs the visual communication data to the RF unit  110 . The H.324M module  161  is provided with an audio codec such as Adaptive Multi Rate (AMR) module  164  for encoding audio data output by the audio processing unit  180 . The H.324M module  161  also includes a H.245 module  166  for generating control signals such as synchronization signal for synchronizing the video and audio of the visual communication data. The H.324M module  161  also includes an H.223 module  168  for multiplexing the video data from the H.263 module  162 , audio data from the AMR module  164 , and control signal form the H.245 module  166 . 
         [0036]    That is, the H.223 module  168  multiplexes the video data, audio data, and control signal to generate the visual communication data and outputs the visual communication data to the RF unit  110 . 
         [0037]    The key input unit  140  is provided with a plurality of alphanumeric and function keys for receiving numeric and character information and executing various functions. The function keys include navigation keys and shortcut keys. The key input unit  140  transports key sequences input by the keys to the control unit  160 . 
         [0038]    Particularly, the key input unit  140  is configured to generate a visual communication call request sequence, a filter option enable sequence, and a visual communication end request sequence. 
         [0039]    The audio processing unit  180  is provided with a speaker (SPK) for outputting the audio data in the form of audible sound wave and a microphone (MIC) for receiving voice and other sound during the visual communication session. 
         [0040]    The display unit  150  is configured to display the video data output from the camera unit  120  in a preview mode. The display unit  150  can be implemented with a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD). In this case, the display unit  150  includes an LCD controller, a video memory for buffering the video data, and an LCD panel (not shown). The LCD display unit can be implemented with a touch screen function. In this case, the display unit  150  can be an input device. 
         [0041]    The display unit  150  is preferably configured to display the video image captured by the camera unit  120  and the video image received from the counterpart mobile terminal at the same time. For example, the display unit  150  of the first mobile terminal  100   a  can be configured such that the video image, i.e., the first video image, input by the camera unit  120  of the first mobile terminal  100   a  is displayed in a first display window and the video image, i.e., the second video image, received from the second mobile terminal  100   b  in a second display window. At this time, the first and second video images can be displayed on a same layer in parallel or on different layers in an overlapped form. At least one of the first and second video images can be filtered before being displayed on the display unit  150 . Also, the video image input through the camera unit  120  can be displayed in the first display window without video data filtering process. 
         [0042]    The first mobile terminal  100   a  filters the video image input through the camera unit  120 , encodes the filtered video image by means of H.263 module  162 , and transmits the encoded video image to the second mobile terminal  100   b . In the same manner, the second mobile terminal  100   b  filters the video image input by the camera unit  120  and encoding on the filtered video image by means of the H.263 module  162  and transmits the encoded video data to the first mobile terminal  100   a , while displaying the video image before being filtered on the display unit  150 . 
         [0043]    To display the video images in the above-described manner, the filter unit  130  is preferably arranged below the H.263 module  162  of the control unit  160 . In this case, the H.263 module  162  is preferably configured to process the video data such that different formats of video images fit for transmission and display are output. Also, both the video images to be displayed on the first and second display windows can be filtered by the filter unit  130 . The preprocess on the video images is described later in more detail with reference to  FIGS. 4A to 4C . 
         [0044]    The memory unit  170  stores application programs for managing the visual communication and camera operations and user data. The memory unit  170  can be configured to buffer the visual communication data in unit of frame. The memory unit  170  can be provided with a program data region for storing the application programs and a user data region for storing the user data. 
         [0045]    The program data region stores the operation system for booting the mobile terminal  100   a  (or  100   b ), application programs associated with the audio and video processing operations for the visual communication and supplementary functions such as audio and video playbacks. These application programs are activated in response to the user request for executing corresponding functions under the control of the control unit  160 . 
         [0046]    The data storage region stores the data generated while operating the mobile terminal  100   a . Particularly, the data storage region stores the video data recorded during the visual communication and captured by the camera unit  120  and other contents, such as phonebook data, text messages, photos, etc. 
         [0047]    As described above, the mobile terminal, i.e., the visual communication apparatus, performs filtering on the video data of a predetermined part (in this embodiment, the circumferential margin) of the video image input through the camera unit  120  using a low pass filter to remove the high frequency components. Accordingly, the visual communication device of the present invention can significantly reduce the amount of the transmission data at the encoding process. Also, the visual communication device of the present invention allows assigning the number of bits saved by degrading the video quality at the circumferential margin to the central part of the image, thereby improving the sensible resolution of the video image. 
         [0048]    When a video quality is determined for the visual communication link, the video images input through the camera unit are processed to be fit for the video quality. In this embodiment, filtering the video data at a specific part of the video image to degrade the resolution allows for assigning reduced number of bits for the degraded part at the encoding process. Accordingly, more bits can be assigned for the non-degraded part, whereby it is possible to encode the transmission video data of the non-filtered part of the video image at much higher resolution. 
         [0049]      FIG. 3  is a conceptual view illustrating the degradation part of a video image to be filtered by the filter unit  130  of  FIG. 2 . 
         [0050]    As shown in  FIG. 3 , a video image  30  input by the camera unit  120  is partitioned into a quality enhancement part  31  and a quality degradation part  32  surrounding the quality enhancement part  31 . If the video data of the image  30  is input, the filter unit  130  performs filtering on the video data of the degradation part  32 . A size of degradation part  32  can be adjusted by the control unit  160 . That is, the control unit  160  can extract boundaries between objects and background on the video image input through the camera unit  120  using a histogram technique. Accordingly, the control unit  160  determines the size of the quality degradation part of the image on the basis of the boundary and so the filter size. Also, the filter size can be fixed in consideration of the characteristics of the visual communication link having fixed frame rate and video quality. 
         [0051]    The degradation part  32  is preferably established in consideration of boundaries of frequency transform blocks. For example, the video codec such as H.263 and MPEG4 uses luma macroblocks each having a size of 16 pixels. Accordingly, the degradation part  32  is preferably determined on the basis of 16 square coordinate. In  FIG. 3 , a cell of grid is preferably composed of 16 pixels. 
         [0052]      FIGS. 4A through 4C  are exemplary views illustrating steps of filtering process of the filter unit of  FIG. 2 . 
         [0053]    As shown in  FIG. 4A , a video image input through the camera unit  120  is shown at a relatively higher and entirely regular resolution. In  FIG. 4A , a person is shown with clear outline and distinguishable features, and the background is also clear. 
         [0054]      FIG. 4B  shows an image obtained by compressing and encoding the video image of  FIG. 4A  to be fit for the visual communication standard. As shown in  FIG. 4B , the resolution of the video image is degraded relative to the original video image of  FIG. 4A . The object and background of video image is entirely blurred, whereby the boundary between the object and background is not clear. 
         [0055]      FIG. 4C  shows an image obtained by dividing the video image into the quality degradation part and quality enhancement part and then filtering the video data of the quality degradation part. In  FIG. 4C , the quality degradation part is shown at a lower resolution than that of the quality enhancement part. That is, the quality degradation part surrounding the quality enhancement part is blurred such that the boundary between the object and background is not distinguishable. On the other hand, the quality enhancement part maintains the resolution of the original video image input by the camera, such that contour and features of the person are clearly distinguishable from each other. 
         [0056]    As described above, the visual communication apparatus of the present invention processes the video image input by the camera unit such that the quality enhancement part of the video image maintains the original resolution while degrading the resolution of the quality degradation part of the video image, thereby providing a visual communication-friendly video image in the limited visual communication bandwidth. 
         [0057]      FIG. 5  is a flowchart illustrating a visual communication method according to the present invention. 
         [0058]    Referring to  FIG. 5 , the control unit  160  of the mobile terminal monitors to detect a key input and determines, when a key input is detected, if the key input is for a video call request in step S 101 . If a key input for requesting a video call is detected, the control unit  160  transmits a call request for establishing a visual communication link to a counterparty phone number. At this time, the mobile terminals exchange terminal profiles defining the capabilities of respective mobile terminals with each other and negotiate the video quality and frame rate. In a case that a video call request is received from another mobile terminal, the control unit  160  transmits its terminal profile to the counterpart terminal and receives the terminal profile of the counterpart terminal and negotiates the video quality and frame rate on the basis of the terminal profiles. 
         [0059]    If it is determined that the key is not for the video call request at step S 101 , the control unit  160  performs a function corresponding to the key input in step S 102 . The key input can be of executing a voice call function, camera function, audio file playback function, text messaging function, etc. 
         [0060]    If a video call request key is input, the control unit  160  determines if a video data filtering option is enabled in step S 103 . The video data filtering is applied for filtering the video data of the quality degradation part of the video image input through the camera unit  120  using the low pass filter, as described above. 
         [0061]    If the video data filtering option is disabled, the control unit  160  controls the mobile to operate in a normal visual communication mode in step S 104 . In the normal visual communication mode, the filter unit  130  is deactivated such that the video image is compressed and encoded without degradation filtering process as in normal visual communication. 
         [0062]    If the video filtering option is enabled, the control unit  160  activates the camera unit  120  to capture an image in step S 105 . Next, the control unit  160  preprocesses the video data capture by the camera unit  120 , i.e., passes the video data of the quality degradation part of the video data through the filter unit  130 , to output a preprocessed video image in step S 106 . At this time, the filter unit  130  performs filtering on the video data of the quality degradation part of the video image using a low pass filter such that the high frequency components of the quality degradation part are removed. The size of the degradation part is preferably fixed in accordance with the visual communication parameters. The quality degradation part of the video image is preferably determined in consideration of the boundaries of frequency transform blocks. The block size can vary according to the video codec. The video codec can be any of H.263 and MPEG4 codecs. 
         [0063]    The video image captured by the camera unit  120  are directly transported to the display unit  150  regardless of the setting of the video data filtering option such that the display unit  150  displays the video image at a high resolution before being filtered to be degraded. 
         [0064]    Next, the control unit  160  controls compressing and encoding the preprocessed video image and outputs the video data in step S 107 . At this time, the video code of the control unit  160  performs compression on the preprocessed video image of which the high frequency components are removed through the DCT and motion estimation processes. Accordingly, the video codec can perform encoding at a high speed and secure the high resolution at the quality enhancement party by assigning additional bits to the quality enhancement part as many as bits saved by degrading the video data at the quality degradation part. In other words, the video codec encodes the quality degradation part, at which the high frequency components are removed, with small number of bits. Accordingly, in the case that the number of bits per video image is fixed, the more bits can be assigned for the quality enhancement part than the quality degradation part. As a result, the video codec can encode the video image to secure the high quality and resolution at the quality enhancement part. 
         [0065]    Next, the control unit  160  multiplexes the video data encoded by the video codec, the audio data processed by the audio processing unit  180 , and the control signals, into a visual communication data in step S 108 . The multiplexing can be performed by the H.324M module. Finally, the control unit  160  transmits the visual communication data through the RF unit  110  in step S 109 . 
         [0066]    Although the visual communication method is described mainly with the sending party mobile terminal, it can be applied to the receiving party mobile terminal in similar manner. For example, the mobile terminal performs demultiplexing and decoding the visual communication data received from another mobile terminal and processes the video and audio data to be out through the display unit  150  and audio processing unit  180 . The display unit  150  can display the video image received from the counterpart mobile terminal in a first display window and the video image input through the camera unit  120  in a second display window, at the same time. In this case, the video image captured by the camera unit  120  can be displayed before or after being filtered by the filter unit  130 . 
         [0067]    In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, the size of the quality degradation part can be adjusted according to a movement variation in the video image. 
         [0068]      FIG. 6  is a flowchart illustrating a visual communication method according to another embodiment of the present invention. 
         [0069]    Referring to  FIG. 6 , the control unit  160  monitors a key input and incoming call and determines, when a key input or incoming call is detected, if the key input or incoming call is for requesting a video call in step S 201 . Here, the control unit  160  detects a key sequence input through the key input  140  and establishes a visual communication session. In this procedure, the control unit  160  controls the RF unit  110  for establishing a visual communication link. At this time, the mobile terminals exchange their terminal profiles and negotiate on the video quality and frame rate. When a incoming video call is received from another mobile terminal, the control unit  160  controls to transmit its profile to the counterpart mobile terminal and receives the profile of the counterpart mobile such that the two mobile terminals negotiate a set of parameters for establishing the visual communication link on the basis of the profiles. 
         [0070]    If it is determined that the key input or the incoming call is not for the video call request at step S 201 , the control unit  160  performs a function corresponding to the key input or the incoming call in step S 203 . The function requested by the key input may be a function related to voice call, camera manipulation, audio file playback, and text messaging, etc. 
         [0071]    If a key input or incoming call is detected at step S 201 , the control unit  160  activates the camera unit  120  and measures a variation of video data amount of video image input through the camera unit  120  in step S 205 . The variation of the video data amount can be measured using various methods. For example, the data amount variation can be measured by detecting the variations of the pixel values of a specific region of the image. The control unit  160  buffers the pixel values of a predetermined region of the video image captured by the camera unit  120  and compares the current pixel values to the previous pixel values in the predetermined region such that the video data amount variation can be measured on the basis of the comparison result. Also, the control unit  160  can measure the variation of the video data amount using a motion estimator provided with the codec. That is, the motion estimator estimates the motion on the basis of motion vectors, and the control unit  160  measures the variation of the video data amount of the current video image using the motion estimation result. Because the video image is captured in real time, the video data variation amount of the current video image is used for determining the video data variation amount of the next video image. 
         [0072]    After measuring the variation of the video data amount, the control unit  160  determines if the variation is greater than a predetermined threshold value in step S 207 . The threshold value can be varied depending on the variation measurement method and the visual communication link status. 
         [0073]    If the variation of the video data amount is less than or equal to the threshold value, the control unit  160  controls the mobile terminal to operate in a normal visual communication mode in step S 209 . In the normal visual communication mode, the video image captured by the camera unit  120  is transmitted without being preprocessed by the filter unit  130 . 
         [0074]    If the variation of the video data amount is greater than the threshold value, the control unit  160  sets a filter size of the filter unit  130  in step S 211 . The filter size is fixed such that the control unit  160  applies the filter size when the variation is greater than the threshold value, but not when the variation is less than or equal to the threshold value. The variation of the video data amount can be sectioned into several variation ranges such that the control unit  160  applies different filter sizes to the respective variation ranges. 
         [0075]    After determining the filter size, the control unit  160  controls the filter unit  130  to perform preprocessing on the video data with the filter size in step S 213 . In the preprocessing process, the video data of the quality degradation part of the video image captured by the camera unit  120  is filtered using a low pass filter. Next, the control unit  160  controls to encode the preprocessed video data in step S 215  and transmit the encoded video data to the counterpart mobile terminal in step S 217 . 
         [0076]    As described above, the visual communication method according to an embodiment of the present invention applies a filter to a video image, when the variation of the video data is greater than a predetermined threshold, for preprocessing the video image according to a preset filter size, thereby efficiently transmitting video data in a given visual communication bandwidth. The visual communication method and apparatus preprocesses transmission video image depending on a variation amount of video data such that a high video quality and resolution of an attention part of the video image can be maintained, at a recipient terminal, without increasing bit number in a given bandwidth. 
         [0077]    Although exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail hereinabove, it should be clearly understood that many variations and/or modifications of the basic inventive concepts herein taught which may appear to those skilled in the present art will still fall within the spirit and scope of the present invention, as defined by the appended claims.