Abstract:
Device for recovering a carrier including a first signal converter for multiplying a complex carrier caused by a phase error to a digitized passband VSB signal, to provide a baseband VSB signal, a second signal converter for multiplying a complex value of a frequency to the signal from the first signal converter, to convert the baseband VSB signal into an OQAM signal, an error estimating part for generating a signal having carrier phase error information by using a real component and an imaginary component of the OQAM signal, and an oscillator for generating a complex carrier according to the carrier phase error information, thereby making carrier recovery regardless of a pilot component of TV signal, accurately.

Description:
[0001]    This application claims the benefit of the Korean Application No. P2002-59861 filed on Oct. 1, 2002, which is hereby incorporated by reference.  
         BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION  
         [0002]    1. Field of the Invention  
           [0003]    The present invention relates to digital TV receivers, and more particularly, to a device for recovering a carrier in a VSB system digital TV receiver.  
           [0004]    2. Background of the Related Art  
           [0005]    The VSB system, employed as Korean and the USA digital TV (DTV) broadcasting standards, is designed to transmit a broadcasting signal by using a frequency allocated for the present analog TV broadcasting. However, for minimizing an influence to the present analog TV broadcasting, the DTV signal is transmitted at a very low intensity compared to the analog TV signal. Of course, the standards are set such that there is no problem in reception of the DTV signal even if the intensity of the signal is low by employing different coding system in the DTV signal and channel equalizers for reducing an influence from noise. However, if a situation of the transmission channel is very poor, the reception of the signal is very poor. In general, since the DTV transmission system has an advantage in that a noise occurred on a transmission channel is removed perfectly at reception of the broadcasting signal, to enable to watch a picture having no noise at all, while the DTV transmission system has a disadvantage in that the picture can not be watched at all if the transmission signal is not recovered fully, it is required that the DTV receiver receives whole signal whatever poor transmission channel the signal has passed.  
           [0006]    [0006]FIG. 1 illustrates a block diagram of a related art VSB system DTV receiver, wherein, upon reception of a RF (Radio Frequency) signal modulated in a VSB system through an antenna  10 , after selecting a particular channel frequency the user desires, a tuner  102  converts the RF band VSB signal carried on the channel frequency into an IF band (Intermediate Frequency band) signal (in general 44 MHz or, in the case of analog TV broadcasting, 43.75 MHz is used widely), and filters out other channel signals, appropriately.  
           [0007]    The signal from the tuner  102 , which converts a spectrum of channels into an IF pass band signal, passes a SAW (Surface Acoustic Wave) filter  103  employed for removing neighboring channel signals, and the noise signal.  
           [0008]    In this instance, since the digital broadcasting signal has all information within a 6 MHz zone centered on, for an example, the IF of 44 MHzHHHH, the SAW filter  103  removes other zones from the output of the tuner  102 , only leaving the 6 MHz zone having the information, and provides to an IF amplifier  104 .  
           [0009]    The IF amplifier  104  multiplies a gain calculated beforehand to the output from the SAW filter  103  for making an amplitude of the signal from an A/D converter after the IF amplifier  104  the same always. Accordingly, the A/D converter  105  receives and digitizes signals of the same amplitude from the IF amplifier  104 . The passband signal digitized at the A/D converter  105  is transited to a baseband signal at the carrier recoverer  106 , and provided to a DC remover  107 . In this instance, the carrier used in recovering the carrier at the carrier recoverer  106  is turned to a DC component having 0 Hz frequency.  
           [0010]    That is, the DC component is forcibly inserted into a transmission signal at a transmitter for the carrier to recoverer to recover the carrier. Therefore, after the carrier recovery is done, the DC component inserted at the transmitter is required no more. According to this, the DC remover  107  detects and removes the DC component from the baseband signal from the carrier recoverer  106 .  
           [0011]    The baseband digital signal having the DC component removed therefrom is provided both to a synchronizer  108  and a channel equalizer  109 .  
           [0012]    The most remarkable features of the VSB transmission system suggested by the Grand Alliance (GA) compared to other DTV transmission system are a pilot signal, a data segment synchronizing signal, and a field synchronizing signal. The signals are inserted at the transmitter before transmission for improving characteristics of carrier recovery and timing recovery.  
           [0013]    Accordingly, the synchronizer  108  recovers the data segment synchronizing signal, and the field synchronizing signal from the signal inserted at the time of transmission having the DC component removed therefrom. The synchronizing signals obtained thus are provided to the channel equalizer  109 , a phase corrector  110 , and an FEC  111 .  
           [0014]    The channel equalizer  109  removes a linear distortion of an amplitude in the baseband digital signal causing interference between symbols, ghost occurred as the signal is reflected at buildings or mountain, and the like by using the baseband digital signal and the synchronizing signal, and provides to the phase corrector  110 .  
           [0015]    Referring to FIG. 1, the signal passed through all analog processes is converted into a digital signal at the A/D converter  105  and provided to the carrier recoverer  106 . Therefore, all of the digital process blocks after the carrier recoverer  106  can not make regular operation if the carrier recovery is not made at the carrier recoverer  106 .  
           [0016]    Therefore, the carrier recoverer  106  in the DTV receiver recovers a position of a pilot frequency in a frequency of a transmitted signal, and converts the pilot frequency into a baseband signal.  
           [0017]    Presently, as the most general algorithm of the carrier recoverer  106 , an FPLL (Frequency Phase Locked Loop) as shown in FIG. 2 is used, which is used widely as the circuit is simple and has good performance. That is, the carrier recoverer  106  of the FPLL demodulates passband I, Q signals from the A/D converter  105  into baseband I, Q signals, and locks frequencies and phases.  
           [0018]    Referring to FIG. 2, a real component of a passband signal digitized at the A/D converter  105  is provided both to a delay  201  and a Hilbert transformer  202 .  
           [0019]    The Hilbert transformer  202  receives, and inverts the real component to 90° to transform the real component into an imaginary component signal, and provides to a complex multiplier  203 , and the delay  201  receives and delays a real component of the signal as long as a process time period at the Hilbert transformer  202 , and provides to the complex multiplier  203 .  
           [0020]    For convenience of description, the signal passed through the delay  201  is called as an I channel signal, and the signal passed through the Hilbert transformer  202  is called as a Q channel signal.  
           [0021]    The complex multiplier  203  receives a complex carrier having carrier recovery done, i.e., a sine wave and a cosine wave, through an NCO (Numerically Controlled Oscillator)  210 , and multiplies to the passband I, Q signals from the A/D converter  105 , to transit the passband I, Q signals into baseband I, Q signals.  
           [0022]    The baseband I, Q signals are provided to a DC remover  107  and, for recovery of the carrier, the baseband I signal is provided to a first lowpass filter  204 , and the baseband Q signal is provided to a second lowpass filter  205 .  
           [0023]    In this instance, the carrier recoverer  106  requires a signal in the vicinity of frequency having the pilot frequency present therein among the 6 MHz bandwidth of signal. Therefore, the first and second lowpass filters  204  and  205  remove rest of frequency component having a data component therein from the I, Q signals, for preventing a performance of the carrier recoverer from being deteriorated by the data.  
           [0024]    The first lowpass filter  204  provides an output to a delay  206 . The delay  206  delays the I signal having the data component removed therefrom for a time period and provides to a sign extractor  207 . If the I signal of the pilot component from the first lowpass filter  204  fails in conversion into a DC component accurately when the I signal of the pilot component passes through the delay  206 , a phase error as much as the failure occurs.  
           [0025]    Therefore, the delay  206  receives, and converts a difference of a pilot frequency component of the passband signal and the carrier frequency component of the NCO  210  into a form of a phase error, and provides to a sign extractor  207 .  
           [0026]    The sign extractor  207  only extracts a sign of the signal from the delay  206 , and provides to a multiplier  208 . The multiplier  208  multiplies the sign of the I signal and the Q signal having the data component removed therefrom, and provides to a loop filter  209  as a phase error. The loop filter  209  receives, filters, and accumulates the phase error, and provides to the NCO  210 , and the NCO  210  generates a complex carrier proportional to an output from the loop filer  209 , and provides to the complex multiplier  203 .  
           [0027]    In this instance, if a frequency of the pilot, a component of a carrier present in a received passband, and a frequency component of a carrier generated at the NCO  210  are identical exactly, the service of the carrier recoverer  106  finishes.  
           [0028]    Thus, the pilot frequency, information from the transmitter for carrier recovery, is definite, has little phase jitter that can be taken place in the carrier recovery. However, because the pilot is reduced in a signal received in a channel environment having many reflected waves, such as an environment of a city center, use of the pilot at the carrier recoverer is limited. That is, there can be a case the data component is attenuated depending on a DTV reception channel environment, a case a frequency component in the pilot is attenuated, and, in the worst case, there can be a case the frequency component in the pilot is attenuated fully, such that no pilot component exhibits.  
           [0029]    In the case the pilot component is reduced or fails to exhibit, accurate carrier recovery can fails. Moreover, the phase jitter, influenced from noise, becomes heavy following the reduction of the pilot.  
         SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION  
         [0030]    Accordingly, the present invention is directed to a device for recovering a carrier that substantially obviates one or more of the problems due to limitations and disadvantages of the related art.  
           [0031]    An object of the present invention is to provide a device for recovering a carrier, in which a VSB signal is converted into a form of OQAM (Offset Quadrature Amplitude Modulation), and estimate a carrier phase error from the OQAM signal.  
           [0032]    Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.  
           [0033]    To achieve these objects and other advantages and in accordance with the purpose of the present invention, as embodied and broadly described herein, the device for recovering a carrier includes a first signal converter for multiplying a complex carrier caused by a phase error to a digitized passband VSB signal, to provide a baseband VSB signal, a second signal converter for multiplying a complex value of a frequency to the signal from the first signal converter, to convert the baseband VSB signal into an OQAM signal, an error estimating part for generating a signal having carrier phase error information by using a real component and an imaginary component of the OQAM signal, and an oscillator for generating a complex carrier according to the carrier phase error information.  
           [0034]    For generating the signal including the carrier phase error information, the error estimating part multiplies the real component and the imaginary component of the OQAM signal, or respectively squares the real component and the imaginary component of the OQAM signal, and calculates a difference of a squared value of the real component and a squared value of the imaginary component, or calculates absolute values of the real component and the imaginary component of the OQAM signal, and calculates a difference of absolute values of the real component and the imaginary component.  
           [0035]    The OQAM signal includes a symbol of the VSB signal in either one of the real component and the imaginary component, or no symbol of the VSB signal in neither of the real component and the imaginary component.  
           [0036]    In another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for recovering a carrier, including the steps of (a) multiplying a digitized passband VSB signal to a complex carrier caused by a phase error to convert the passband VSB signal into a baseband VSB signal, (b) multiplying a complex value of a frequency to the baseband VSB signal, to convert the baseband VSB signal to an OQAM signal, (c) generating a signal including carrier phase error information by using a real component and an imaginary component of the OQAM signal, and (d) generating a complex carrier according to the carrier phase error information.  
           [0037]    In further object of the present invention, there is provided a device for recovering a carrier including a first signal converter for multiplying a complex carrier caused by a phase error to a digitized passband VSB signal, to provide a baseband VSB signal, a second signal converter for multiplying a complex value of a frequency to the signal from the first signal converter, to convert the baseband VSB signal into an OQAM signal, an error estimating part for generating a signal having carrier phase error information by using a real component and an imaginary component of the OQAM signal, a sampling part for sampling a signal from the error estimating part to shift the signal to a DC position, a filter for filtering, and accumulating the signal from the sampling part, and an oscillator for generating a complex carrier according to a signal from the filter.  
           [0038]    In still further aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for recovering a carrier including the steps of (a) multiplying a digitized passband VSB signal to a complex carrier caused by a phase error to convert the passband VSB signal into a baseband VSB signal, (b) multiplying a complex value of a frequency to the baseband VSB signal, to convert the baseband VSB signal to an OQAM signal, (c) generating a signal including carrier phase error information by using a real component and an imaginary component of the OQAM signal, (d) sampling a frequency component only having the carrier phase error information and shifting to a DC position, and (e) generating a complex carrier according to the sampled frequency component.  
           [0039]    It is to be understood that both the foregoing description and the following detailed description of the present invention are exemplary and explanatory and are intended to provide further explanation of the invention claimed. 
       
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRITPION OF THE DRAWINGS  
       [0040]    The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principle of the invention. In the drawings;  
         [0041]    [0041]FIG. 1 illustrates a block diagram of a related art digital TV receiver;  
         [0042]    [0042]FIG. 2 illustrates a detailed block diagram of the carrier recoverer in FIG. 1;  
         [0043]    [0043]FIG. 3 illustrates a signal configuration when a VSB signal is subjected to a QAM modulation in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;  
         [0044]    [0044]FIG. 4 illustrates a relation of a VSB signal and an OQAM signal in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;  
         [0045]    [0045]FIG. 5 illustrates a block diagram of a device for recovering a carrier in accordance with a first preferred embodiment of the present invention;  
         [0046]    [0046]FIG. 6 illustrates a block diagram of a device for recovering a carrier in accordance with a second preferred embodiment of the present invention; and  
         [0047]    [0047]FIG. 7 illustrates a block diagram of a device for recovering a carrier in accordance with a third preferred embodiment of the present invention. 
     
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT  
       [0048]    Reference will now be made in detail to the preferred embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings.  
         [0049]    The present invention suggests modulation of a VSB signal into an OQAM (Offset Quadrature Amplitude Modulation) signal, and detecting a carrier phase error by using signals of a real component and an imaginary component having symbols included therein respectively, or having no symbols included therein respectively.  
         [0050]    A process for modulating a baseband VSB signal into an OQAM signal will be described with reference to FIG. 3.  
         [0051]    If it is assumed that the VSB signal is digitized with a two fold sampling frequency at an A/D converter ( 105  in FIG. 1), as shown in FIG. 3A, an I signal of the VSB signal has an intermediate sample value X1 present between two symbol samples I 1  and I 2 . A Q signal of the VSB signal is a signal generated by inverting a phase of the I signal to 90° at a Hilbert transformer.  
         [0052]    For modulating the VSB signal into the OQAM signal, a complex value exp(jwn) of a frequency is multiplied to the I signal and the Q signal of the VSB signal, where, ‘w’ denotes a modulation frequency, 2.69 MHz(i.e., π/4). The OQAM signal generated thus has a configuration as shown in FIG. 3B. As shown in FIG. 3B, if the I signal of the VSB signal, i.e., a signal having the symbol included therein is modulated into the OQAM signal, the symbol presents in real components and imaginary components of the OQAM signal, alternately. Samples of the OQAM signal having no symbols included therein, i.e., Yi (i=1, 2, 3, - - - ) are values generated by the intermediate sample, and the Q signal of the VSB signal.  
         [0053]    [0053]FIG. 4 illustrates a relation of a VSB signal and an OQAM signal in a frequency domain in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, wherein the FIG. 4A illustrates the VSB signal, and FIG. 4B illustrates the OQAM signal.  
         [0054]    The present invention suggests estimating a carrier phase error by using two kinds of values. One case uses complex components I 1 + j Y 1 , Y 4 + j   12 , - - - of the OQAM signal having symbols of the VSB signal included therein respectively, and the other case uses complex components Y 2 + j Y 3 , Y 5 + j Y 6 , - - - of the OQAM signal having no symbols of the VSB signal included therein.  
         [0055]    There can be a variety of methods for estimating the carrier phase error by using components having symbols included therein respectively or by using components having no symbols included therein. Embodiments of the present invention will be described.  
         [0056]    First Embodiment  
         [0057]    In the first embodiment, a real component I and an imaginary component Q of the OQAM signal are multiplied, for detecting a carrier phase error, of which system is illustrated in FIG. 5, in detail.  
         [0058]    Referring to FIG. 5, a real component of a digitized VSB passband signal is provided both to a delay  501  and a Hilbert transformer  502 . The Hilbert transformer  502  inverts the real component of the signal to 90° to modulate the real component of the signal into an imaginary component of the signal, and provides to a first signal converter  503 . The delay  501  receives and delays the real component of the signal as long as a process time period at the Hilbert transformer  502 , and provides to the first signal converter  503 . The real component of the signal is called as an I channel signal, and the imaginary component of the signal is called as a Q channel signal.  
         [0059]    The first signal converter  503  multiplies a complex carrier fed-back through an NCO  509  to the I channel signal, and the Q channel signal. The passband I and Q channel signals are converted into baseband I and Q channel signals at the first signal converter  503 .  
         [0060]    A second signal converter  504  multiplies a complex value of a frequency to the baseband I and Q signals from the first signal converter  503 , to convert the baseband I and Q signals into an OQAM signal. The OQAM signal has a real component and an imaginary component each having a symbol of the VSB signal, and a real component and an imaginary component each having no symbol of the VSB signal.  
         [0061]    The multiplier  505  receives the OQAM signal from the second signal converter  504 , and multiplies a real component and an imaginary component of the OQAM signal. The value multiplied at the multiplier  505  is used for estimation of the carrier phase error. The calculated value includes a component representing a size of the carrier phase error and a component representing a direction of the carrier phase error.  
         [0062]    A passband filter  506  passes a frequency component of a timing edge of the signal from the multiplier  505 . The down sampling part  507  down samples, and transits the frequency component from the passband filer  506  to a DC position. The signal from the down sampling part  507  has a value for compensating for the carrier phase error.  
         [0063]    The loop filter  508  filters and accumulates outputs from the down sampling part  507 , and an NCO  509  generates a complex carrier proportional to the output from the loop filter  508  and provides to the first signal converter  503 .  
         [0064]    The foregoing first embodiment of the present invention falls on a case when the carrier phase error is estimated by using complex signals I 1 + j Y 1 ,l Y 4 + j I 2 , - - - of the OQAM signal each having a symbol component of the VSB signal. A method for recovering a carrier in accordance with a first preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail.  
         [0065]    Referring to FIG. 4B, if the second signal converter  504  multiplies a complex value of a frequency exp(jwn) to VSB baseband I, Q signals from the first signal converter  503 , the VSB signal is converted into an OQAM signal, as a frequency center of the VSB signal is shifted to a DC, where w=π/4. Then, the second signal converter  504  provides the complex signal only having the symbol of the VSB signal to the multiplier  504 . If it is assumed that the signal provided to the multiplier  504  has the carrier phase error  0 , the signal provided to the multiplier  504  can be expressed as the following equation (1).  
         ( I   1   +jY   1 )( expj θ)=( I   1 cos θ −Y   1 sin)+ j ( I   1 sin θ+ Y   1 cos)  (1)  
         [0066]    Where, (I 1 cos θ−Y 1 sin θ) is a real component Re, and (I 1 sin θ+Y 1 cos θ) is an imaginary component Im. The multiplier  505  multiplies the real component Re and the imaginary component Im, of which result is as the following equation (2).  
           Re×Im= ½( I   1   2   −Y   1   2 )sin2θ+( I   1   ×Y   1 )cos2θ  (2)  
         [0067]    Referring to the equation (2), the signal from the multiplier  505  has two components. The component I 1 ×Y 1  is not so much required for estimation of the carrier phase error. However, by using (I 1   2 −Y 1   2 )sin2θ, having nothing to do with the pilot component, the carrier phase error can be estimated. (I 1   2 −Y 1   2 ) fixes a size of the carrier phase error, and sin2θ fixes a direction of the carrier phase error. In this instance, if the carrier phase error θ is negative, sin2θ is also negative, and vice versa. Therefore, for compensating for a direction of the carrier phase error, it is required that a phase of the carrier is shifted to a positive direction if the carrier phase error θ is negative, and a phase of the carrier is shifted to a negative direction if the carrier phase error θ is positive.  
         [0068]    The multiplier  505  provides an output to the passband filter  506 , and the passband filter  506  filters frequency components of timing edges  401  of the signal from the multiplier  505 , and provides to the down sampling part  507 . The down sampling part  507  down samples an output from the passband filter  506 , and provides only a signal of desired domain in a frequency domain to a loop filter  508 .  
         [0069]    In this instance, the timing edge  401  is present at a position of 2.69 MHz in the frequency domain in an ideal case. After the real component and the imaginary component of the OQAM signal are multiplied at the multiplier  505 , the frequency component is formed with the timing edge, which is call as a tone, which is positioned at 5.38 MHz in an ideal case. Accordingly, the passband filer  506  passes the 5.38 MHz signal. Once filtered at the passband filter  506 , and down sampled at the down sampling part  507 , a signal of a desired frequency band can be obtained. The signal obtained at the down sampling part  507  is provided to the loop filter  508 . The signal provided from the down sampling part  507  is the carrier phase error. The loop filter  508  filters, and accumulates outputs from the down sampling part  507 , and provides to the NCO  509 , and the NCO  509  generates a complex carrier proportional to an output from the loop filter  508 , and provides to the first signal converter  503 . Upon repeating the process, a carrier frequency signal almost similar to the carrier frequency component of the signal received from an exterior is generated at the NCO  503 , and provided to the first signal converter  503 , and the first signal converter  503  transits a passband VSB signal to a baseband VSB signal.  
         [0070]    Second Embodiment  
         [0071]    [0071]FIG. 6 illustrates a block diagram of a device for recovering a carrier in accordance with a second preferred embodiment of the present invention. In the second embodiment, a real component and an imaginary component of an OQAM signal are squared respectively, and the two squared values are used in estimating a carrier phase error.  
         [0072]    Referring to FIG. 6, the device for recovering a carrier in accordance with a second preferred embodiment of the present invention includes a Hilbert transformer  602  for inverting a real component of a digitized VSB passband signal to 90°, to modulate into an imaginary component of a signal (a Q channel signal), a delay  601  for delaying a real component (an I channel signal) of the VSB signal as long as a process time period at the Hilbert transformer  602 , a first signal converter  603  for multiplying the complex carrier fed back through an NCO to the I channel signal, and the Q channel signal, a second signal converter  604  for multiplying a complex value of a frequency to the baseband I and Q signals from the first signal converter  603 , to convert the baseband I and Q signals into an OQAM signal, a squaring part  605  for respectively squaring a real component Re and an imaginary component Im of the OQAM signal from the second signal converter  604 , a subtractor  606  for calculating a difference of the squared two values, a passband filter  607  for filtering a frequency component of the timing edges of a signal from the subtractor  606 , a down sampling part  608  for down sampling a signal from the passband filter  607 , a loop filter  609  for filtering and accumulating the signal from the down sampling part  608 , and an NCO  610  for generating a complex carrier proportional to the signal from the loop filter  609 .  
         [0073]    The device for recovering a carrier in accordance with a second preferred embodiment of the present invention uses the squaring part  605  and the subtractor  606  instead of the multiplier in FIG. 5 in detecting a carrier phase error from an OQAM signal. The other parts of the system, i.e., the delay  601 , the Hilbert transformer  602 , the first signal converter  603 , the passband filter  607 , the down sampling part  608 , the loop filter  609 , and the NCO  610  have systems and operations identical to FIG. 5, but different reference symbols.  
         [0074]    A case will be described as a preferred embodiment, when the carrier phase error is estimated by using complex signals Y 2 + j Y 3 , Y 5 + j Y 6 , - - - of an OQAM signal each having no symbol component of the VSB signal.  
         [0075]    The second signal converter  604  multiplies a complex value exp(jwn) of a frequency to the VSB baseband I, Q signals from the first signal converter  603 . The VSB I, Q signals converted into an OQAM signal at the second signal converter  604 . The second signal converter  604  provides the complex signal Y 2 + j Y 3 , Y 5 + j Y 6 , - - - of the OQAM signal each having no symbol of the VSB signal to the squaring part  605 . In this instance, if it is assumed that the carrier phase error θ is included in the signal provided to the squaring part  605 , the signal provided to the squaring part  605  can be expressed as the following equation (3).  
         ( Y   2   +jY   3 )( expj (θ+π/4))=( Y   2 cos(θ+π/4)− Y   3 sin(θ+π/4))+ j ( Y   2 sin(θ+π/4)+ Y   3 cos(θ+π/4))  (3)  
         [0076]    Where, (Y 2 cos(θ+π/4)−Y 3 sin(θ+π/4)) is a real component Re, and (Y 2 sin(θ+π/4)+Y 3 cos(θ+π/4)) is an imaginary component Im. The squaring part  605  respectively squares the real component Re and the imaginary component Im. The subtractor  606  calculates a difference of the square of the real component Re and a square of the imaginary component Im, of which result is as the following equation (4).  
           Re   2   −IM   2  ( Y   2   2   −Y   3   2 )sin2(θ+π/4)+2( Y   2   ×Y   3 )cos2(θ+π/4)  (4)  
         [0077]    Referring to the equation (4), the signal from the squaring part  605  has two components. The component (Y 2   2 −Y 3   2 ) is not so much required for estimation of the carrier phase error. However, by using (Y 2 ×Y 3 ), having nothing to do with the pilot component, the carrier phase error can be estimated. (Y 2 ×Y 3 ) fixes a size of the carrier phase error, and cos2(θ+π/4) fixes a direction of the carrier phase error.  
         [0078]    The subtractor  606  provides a signal to the passband filter  607 , and the passband filter  607  filters frequency components of timing edges  401  of the difference of the square of the real component Re of the OQAM signal and the square of imaginary component Im of the OQAM signal Re 2 −Im 2 , and provides to the down sampling part  608 .  
         [0079]    Then, the down sampling part  608  down samples a signal from the passband filter  607 , and provides only a signal of desired domain in a frequency domain to a loop filter  609 .  
         [0080]    The loop filter  609  filters, and accumulates signals from the down sampling part  608 , and provides to the NCO  610 , and the NCO  610  generates a complex carrier proportional to an output from the loop filter  609 , and provides to the first signal converter  603 .  
         [0081]    Third Embodiment  
         [0082]    [0082]FIG. 7 illustrates a block diagram of a device for recovering a carrier in accordance with a third preferred embodiment of the present invention. In the third embodiment, absolute values of a real component and an imaginary component of an OQAM signal are calculated respectively, and a difference of the two absolute values are used in estimating a carrier phase error.  
         [0083]    Referring to FIG. 7, the device for recovering a carrier in accordance with a third preferred embodiment of the present invention includes a Hilbert transformer  702  for inverting a real component of a digitized VSB passband signal to 90°, to modulate into an imaginary component of a signal (a Q channel signal), a delay  701  for delaying a real component (an I channel signal) of the VSB signal as long as a process time period at the Hilbert transformer  602 , a first signal converter  703  for multiplying the complex carrier fed back through an NCO  710  to the I channel signal, and the Q channel signal, a second signal converter  704  for multiplying a complex value of a frequency to the baseband I and Q signals from the first signal converter  703 , to convert the baseband I and Q signals into an OQAM signal, an absolute value calculating part  705  for respectively calculating a real component Re and an imaginary component Im of the OQAM signal from the second signal converter  704 , a subtractor  706  for calculating a difference of the two absolute values, a passband filter  707  for filtering a frequency component of the timing edges of a signal from the subtractor  706 , a down sampling part  708  for down sampling a signal from the passband filter  707 , a loop filter  709  for filtering and accumulating the signal from the down sampling part  708 , and an NCO  710  for generating a complex carrier proportional to the signal from the loop filter  709 .  
         [0084]    System and operation of the device for recovering a carrier in accordance with a third preferred embodiment of the present invention are identical to the system and operation of FIG. 6 except that the absolute value calculating part  706  is employed instead of the squaring part  606  in FIG. 6.  
         [0085]    The absolute value calculating part  705  takes absolute values of the real component and the imaginary component of the OQAM signal from the second signal converter  704 , and provides to the subtractor  706 , and the subtractor  706  calculates a difference of the two absolute values, and provides to the passband filter  707 .  
         [0086]    Since operation thereafter is the same with FIG. 5 or  6 , detailed description of which will be omitted.  
         [0087]    Thus, the device for recovering a carrier of the present invention can estimate a carrier phase error by a complex signal of an OQAM signal having a symbol component of the VSB signal to one of the first to third embodiment, or a complex signal of an OQAM signal having no symbol component of the VSB signal to one of the first to third embodiment.  
         [0088]    As has been explained, the device for recovering a carrier of the present invention can carry out recovery of carrier accurately by recovering the carrier by using an OQAM signal modulated from a VSB signal, thereby permitting an accurate recovery of the carrier even if the pilot is attenuated or become not detectable in a poor channel environment with many reflected waves, like a city center environment.  
         [0089]    It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, it is intended that the present invention cover the modifications and variations of this invention provided they come within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.