Abstract:
In an approach for automated vehicle authorization. A processor receives a first set of credentials from at least a first near field communication device, wherein the first set of credentials indicates information about a person. A processor receives a second set of credentials from at least a second near field communication device, wherein the second set of credentials indicates information about a vehicle. A processor compares the first set of credentials to the second set of credentials. A processor determines whether the person indicated by the first set of credentials has authority to operate the vehicle, based on, at least, the comparison of the first set of credentials to the second set of credentials.

Description:
BACKGROUND 
       [0001]    The present invention relates generally to vehicle authorization and in particular to near field communication associated with different devices of the vehicle and operator. 
         [0002]    Near field communication is a set of ideas and technology that enables smart phones and other devices to establish radio communication with each other by touching the devices together or bringing them into proximity to a distance. Near field communication standards cover communications protocols and data exchange formats and are based on existing radio-frequency identification standards including ISO/IEC 14443 and FeliCa. 
         [0003]    Individual states and countries may require different types of vehicles to be registered, inspected, and/or covered by insurance as well as require each driver to have a valid driver&#39;s license. These requirements for operating a vehicle are monitored by either the driver, the police, or a governing authority to make sure the information is up-to-date and valid. This process requires a deal of manual work on behalf of the parties involved. 
       SUMMARY 
       [0004]    Aspects of an embodiment of the present invention disclose an approach for automated vehicle authorization. In one embodiment, a processor receives a first set of credentials from at least a first near field communication device, wherein the first set of credentials indicates information about a person. In one embodiment, a processor receives a second set of credentials from at least a second near field communication device, wherein the second set of credentials indicates information about a vehicle. In one embodiment, a processor compares the first set of credentials to the second set of credentials. In one embodiment, a processor determines whether the person indicated by the first set of credentials has authority to operate the vehicle, based on, at least, the comparison of the first set of credentials to the second set of credentials. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0005]      FIG. 1  depicts a block diagram depicting a computing environment, in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. 
           [0006]      FIG. 2  depicts a flowchart of the operational step taken by an authorization program to detect and process a request to start a vehicle, within computing environment  100  of  FIG. 1 , in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. 
           [0007]      FIG. 3  depicts a flowchart of the operational step taken by an authorization program to determine if the request is valid to start a vehicle, within computing environment  100  of  FIG. 1 , in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. 
           [0008]      FIG. 4  depicts a block diagram depicting the internal and external components of the server of  FIG. 1 , in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
       [0009]    As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, aspects of the present invention may be embodied as a system, method or computer program product. Accordingly, aspects of the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment (including firmware, resident software, micro-code, etc.) or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects may generally be referred to herein as a “circuit” or “system.” Furthermore, aspects of the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied in one or more computer readable medium(s) having computer readable program code/instructions embodied thereon. 
         [0010]    Embodiments of the present invention disclose an approach for determining if a request to start a vehicle has the proper validation through individual near field communication devices for receiving and/or sending information. Once embodiments of the present invention verify proper validation, the vehicle may be used by the operator. If proper validation is not verified, embodiments of the present invention immobilize the vehicle unless necessary override information is provided. 
         [0011]    The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the Figures. 
         [0012]      FIG. 1  depicts a block diagram of computing environment  100  in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.  FIG. 1  provides an illustration of one embodiment and does not imply any limitations regarding computing environment  100  in which different embodiments may be implemented. In the depicted embodiment, computing environment  100  includes, but is not limited to, network  102 , server  104 , and vehicle computing device  108  (which is a computing device located within vehicle  106 ). Computing environment  100  may include additional computing devices, servers, computers, components, or additional devices not shown. It should be appreciated that  FIG. 1  provides only an illustration of one implementation and does not imply any limitations with regard to the environments in which different embodiments may be implemented. Many modifications to the depicted environment may be made. 
         [0013]    Network  102  may be a local area network (LAN), a wide area network (WAN) such as the Internet, the public switched telephone network (PSTN), any combination thereof, or any combination of connections and protocols support communications between server  104  and vehicle computing device  108 , in accordance with embodiments of the invention. Network  102  may include wired, wireless, or fiber optic connections. 
         [0014]    Server  104  may be a management server, a web server, or additional electronic device or computing system capable of processing program instructions and receiving and sending data. In some embodiments, server  104  may be a laptop computer, tablet computer, netbook computer, personal computer (PC), desktop computer, or any programmable electronic device capable of communicating with vehicle computing device  108  via network  102 . In additional embodiments, server  104  may represent a server computing system utilizing multiple computers as a server system, such as in a cloud computing environment. In additional embodiments, server  104  represents a computing system utilizing clustered computers and nodes to act as a single pool of seamless resources. In the depicted embodiment, server  104  includes authorization program  110  and database  114 . In additional embodiments, server  104  may include additional programs, storage devices, or components. 
         [0015]    Vehicle  106  is a mobile machine which transports people or cargo. Examples of vehicle  106  are, but not limited to automobiles, motorcycles, trucks or buses. In the depicted embodiment, vehicle  106  includes vehicle computing device  108 . In additional embodiments, vehicle  106  includes additional programs, storage devices, or components. 
         [0016]    Vehicle computing device  108  may be any programmable electronic device located within vehicle  106  and capable of communicating with server  104  via network  102 . In some embodiments, vehicle computing device  108  can control aspects of vehicle  106 , such as, but not limited to, locking and unlocking doors, starting or stopping vehicle  106 , and preventing or allowing an operator from starting or otherwise using vehicle  106 . In additional embodiments, vehicle computing device  108  may be any electronic device or computing system capable of sending and receiving data, and communicating with server  104 , authorization program  110 , and database  114  via network  102 . In the depicted embodiment, vehicle computing device  108  includes detection program  113  and database  116  and may include additional programs, storage devices, or components. 
         [0017]    Detection program  113  receives information from near field communication devices (NFC) such as, for example, insurance documents, license plates, inspection documents, driver&#39;s licenses or driver&#39;s documents, and additional forms of identification which are equipped with a radio frequency identification (RFID), or other NFC device. In additional embodiments, detection program  113  may receive and send information to/from a computing device such as a smart phone or a tablet which includes information indicating, for example, insurance, license plate, inspection, driver&#39;s license or driver&#39;s documents, and/or additional forms of identification. In the depicted embodiment, detection program  113  is located on vehicle computing device  108 . Detection program  113  also is able to communicate with server  104 , authorization program  110 , and database  114 , and may be capable of communicating with additional devices, components, and programs, not shown, via network  102 . 
         [0018]    Authorization program  110  controls the authorization process to allow a driver to operate vehicle  106 . The authorization process has several checks to determine if vehicle  106  is insured, registered, inspected, and otherwise safe to drive. This may encourage owners to keep up with appropriate renewals for license, registration, inspection, and insurance, as well as allow police officers to quickly check a motorist during a traffic stop. Authorization program  110  may be used in conjunction with a key-less start of a car&#39;s ignition system (with, for example, a Smart Fob or Smart Phone Application). In some embodiments, the authorization process also requires a driver to have a valid driver&#39;s license and also be preapproved to operate vehicle  106 . Authorization program  110  communicates with vehicle computing device  108  via network  102 . In one embodiment, authorization program  110  stores information regarding vehicle  106  and the driver in database  114 , database  116 , or another repository. In the depicted embodiment, authorization program  110  resides on server  104 . In additional embodiments, authorization program  110  resides on another server or computing devices, provided authorization program  110  may access database  114 , and vehicle computing device  108 . 
         [0019]    In some embodiments, an additional measure, a biometric confirmation, is employed within authorization program  110  to perform biometric recognition. Biometrics refers to technologies which measure and analyze human body characteristics, such as deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), fingerprints, eye retinas and irises, voice patterns, facial patterns and hand measurements, for authentication purposes. In one embodiment, there is an override if vehicle  106  and the driver do not meet the requirements to otherwise operate vehicle  106 . The override is used to allow a driver to operate vehicle  106  without the proper identification and verification. In another embodiment, there is an emergency exception to the authorization process. In one embodiment, authorization program  110  matches the driver&#39;s license photo with a snapshot of a driver&#39;s face while the driver is sitting behind the wheel of vehicle  106 . Only after a positive match of the driver&#39;s license photo to the snapshot of the driver&#39;s face, via facial recognition techniques, would the driver to be able to operate vehicle  106 . In additional embodiments, multiple authorized drivers may be programmed into vehicle computing device  108  so multiple drivers may operate vehicle  106 . In some embodiments, the information is stored within vehicle computing device  108  in database  116 , in case, for example, vehicle computing device  108  cannot communicate with server  104 . For example, vehicle  106  may be in an underground garage, and may not have access to network  102 . In additional embodiments, additional credential or necessary information may be stored on database  116  in case vehicle computing device  108  cannot communicate with network  102 . 
         [0020]    Authorization program  110  controls the authorizing of the necessary information to permit the driver to operate vehicle  106 . Authorization program  110  also controls the signaling to vehicle  106  to start, or to not start because, by analyzing the information supplied to determine if the information is either incomplete or inaccurate. Authorization program  110  communicates with NFC devices, such as, for example, driver&#39;s license, registration, insurance, license plates, as well as biometrics, bar codes, magnetic stripes, optical character recognition, voice recognition, or additional forms of automatic identification and data capture (hereinafter AIDC). These and additional NFC devices are capable of either sending or receiving information, the ability to send or receive information is decided by the purpose of the NFC device. For example, a NFC device related to the driver&#39;s license or license plate sends information. Authorization program  110  is able to read the NFC devices and any information stored on the NFC devices. In the depicted embodiment, authorization program  110  is a function of authorization program  110  on server  104 . In one embodiment, authorization program  110  alerts the driver within a predetermined time period from the date of expiration of the license, registration, inspection, and insurance. 
         [0021]    Database  114  may be a repository which may be written to and/or read by authorization program  110 . In one embodiment, information gathered by authorization program  110  may be stored to database  114 . This information gathered by authorization program  110  is regarding the credentials for vehicle  106  and the driver. Such as driver&#39;s license information, insurance information, inspection information, or registration information. In one embodiment, database  114  is a database management system (DBMS) used to allow the definition, creation, querying, update, and administration of a database(s). In the depicted embodiment, database  114  is stored on server  104 . In additional embodiments, database  114  may reside on another server or computing device, provided database  114  is accessible to authorization program  110 . 
         [0022]    Database  116  may be a repository which may be written to and/or read by vehicle computing device  108  and detection program  113 . In one embodiment, information gathered by detection program  113  or authorization program  110  may be stored to database  114 . This information gathered by authorization program  110  is regarding the credentials for vehicle  106  and the driver. Such as driver&#39;s license information, insurance information, inspection information, registration information, list of drivers authorized to operate vehicle  106 , or pre-check authorization information. In one embodiment, database  114  is a database management system (DBMS) used to allow the definition, creation, querying, update, and administration of a database(s). In the depicted embodiment, database  114  is stored on vehicle computing device  108 . In additional embodiments, database  114  may reside on an additional server, or an additional computing device, provided database  114  is accessible to detection program  113 . 
         [0023]      FIG. 2  depicts a flowchart of the operational step taken by detection program  113  to detect and process a request to start a vehicle, within computing environment  100  of FIG.  1 , in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. Flowchart  200  depicts the processing of receiving the request to start the vehicle and the validation process to verify the request is valid. 
         [0024]    In step  202 , detection program  113  detects a request to start vehicle  106 . The request may come from, for example, a driver a key, Key Fob, smart phone application, additional forms of keyless entry, another activation device, or an activation code. In additional embodiments, the request may come from the driver from an external device, for example, an automatic starting system, a computer, or computing device. In additional embodiments, detection program  113  receives NFC credentials regarding vehicle  106  and the driver attempting to operate vehicle  106 . 
         [0025]    In decision  204 , detection program  113  determines if the credentials are valid. In some embodiments, detection program  113  sends received credential information to authorization program  110 , and as described in  FIG. 3 , authorization program  110  compares the credentials to various databases to determine whether the received credentials are valid. This step is explained in greater detail in  FIG. 3  with regard to authorization program  110 . In one embodiment, the steps described by authorization program  110  are performed by detection program  113  utilizing information from database  116 . In one embodiment, detection program  113  sends a request to authorization program  110  regarding the credentials associated with vehicle  106 .  FIG. 3  describes the operational step taken by authorization program  110  to determine if the request is valid to start vehicle  106  through the validation of the RFID for each device. If detection program  113  determines that the credentials are valid (YES branch, proceed to step  206 ), detection program  113  causes vehicle  106  to start, or otherwise enables functionality of vehicle  106 . If detection program  113  determines that the credentials are invalid (NO branch, proceed to step  208 ), detection program  113  prevents vehicle  106  from starting. 
         [0026]    In step  206 , detection program  113  signal vehicle  106  to start. In some embodiments, authorization program  110  sends a signal to detection program  113  informing detection program  113  which of the credentials are verified and they detection program  113  should permit the driver to engage vehicle&#39;s  106  engine or power source, and allow vehicle  106  to be operational. After detection program  113  signals vehicle  106  to start, the driver is now able to operate vehicle  106  on a public road or a public way. In additional embodiments, detection program  113  may be instructed to operate within private property, or additional areas which are not public roads or public ways. Such an embodiment may be applied to the use of farming or agricultural equipment, off-road vehicles, or vehicles which operate within international waters. In one embodiment, the information gathered by detection program  113  regarding vehicle  106  and the driver is reported to a third party, a computer, a computing device, or stored in database  114 . 
         [0027]    In step  208 , detection program  113  prevents vehicle  106  from starting. In one embodiment, if authorization program  110  determines the credentials are not acceptable, authorization program  110  sends a signal to detection program  113  informing detection program  113  which of the credentials are not verified and that detection program  113  should not allow vehicle&#39;s  106  engine or power source to start. In one embodiment, detection program  113  reports the information relating to denying vehicle  106  the ability to start to a third party, a computer, a computing device, or stored in a repository, for example, database  114  or database  116 . The information may be, for example, global positioning coordinates of vehicle  106 , the credentials which are no longer valid, a visual image or video from an onboard camera, audio from an onboard microphone, or additional information which may be pertinent to why vehicle  106  is denied access to start. In additional embodiments, the driver may have additional opportunity to present the correct credentials after a predetermined time period. In one embodiment, detection program  113  grants the driver a set amount of attempts to input an override code to start vehicle  106 , before locking out the driver. In one embodiment, detection program  113  alerts the authorities if vehicle  106  is disallowed to start. In additional embodiments, detection program  113  contacts the authorities to communicate with the driver. 
         [0028]      FIG. 3  depicts a flowchart of the operational step taken by authorization program  110  to determine if the request is valid to start a vehicle, within computing environment  100  of  FIG. 1 , in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. Flowchart  300  depicts the individual validation steps to determine if the request to operate vehicle  106  is valid, based on credentials received via RFID or other NFC devices. 
         [0029]    In decision  302 , authorization program  110  determines if the insurance is valid. The insurance may be valid if, for example, the insurance is through a verified provider, has not expired, meets a set of predetermined requirements regarding coverage and certified drivers for vehicle  106 . The information is verified by, for example, accessing the insurance provider&#39;s website via network  102 , gathering the information from database  114  or database  116 , or additional means of gathering the information from the insurance provider. If authorization program  110  determines the insurance is valid (YES branch, proceed to decision  304 ), authorization program  110  proceeds to determine if the license plate is valid. If authorization program  110  determines the insurances is not valid (NO branch, proceed to decision  312 ), authorization program  110  proceeds to determine if the override code is valid. In one embodiment, authorization program  110  determines the insurance card is valid through a smart insurance card. The smart insurance card uses a RFID chip integrated into the smart insurance card which authorization program  110  reads through vehicle computing device  108  via network  102 . In an additional embodiment, authorization program  110  records each determination of the insurance in a repository such as database  114 . In one embodiment, authorization program  110  communicates with detection program  113  via network  102  to gather the information relating to the insurance. 
         [0030]    In decision  304 , authorization program  110  determines if the license plate is valid. The license plate may, for example, have a RFID chip integrated into the license plate including necessary information regarding the make, model, and owner of vehicle  106 . The license plate is valid if the license plate is registered with the appropriate governing bodies, is verified to match with vehicle  106  identification code, or located correctly on vehicle  106  for proper visibility. If authorization program  110  determines the license plate is valid (YES branch, proceed to decision  306 ), authorization program  110  proceeds to determine if the inspection is valid. If authorization program  110  determines the license plate is not valid (NO branch, proceed to decision  312 ), authorization program  110  proceeds to determine if the override code is valid. In one embodiment, authorization program  110  determines the license plate is valid through a smart license plate. The smart license plate uses a RFID chip integrated into the smart license plate which authorization program  110  reads through an onboard computer in vehicle  106  over network  102 . In an additional embodiment, authorization program  110  records each determination of the license plate in a repository such as database  114 . In one embodiment, authorization program  110  communicates with detection program  113  via network  102  to gather the information relating to the license plate. 
         [0031]    In decision  306 , authorization program  110  determines if the inspection is valid. The inspection is valid if the inspection is performed by a certified mechanic, meets the requirements set forth by the governing body, is presented on vehicle  106  as required by the governing body, or is a vehicle  106  which does not require an inspection. If authorization program  110  determines the inspection is valid (YES branch, proceed to decision  308 ), authorization program  110  proceeds to determine if the driver&#39;s license is valid. If authorization program  110  determines the inspection is not valid (NO branch, proceed to decision  312 ), authorization program  110  proceeds to determine if the override code is valid. In one embodiment, authorization program  110  determines the inspection is valid through a smart inspection sticker. The smart inspection sticker uses a RFID chip integrated into the smart inspection sticker which authorization program  110  reads through an onboard computer in vehicle  106  over network  102 . In an additional embodiment, authorization program  110  records each determination of the inspection in a repository such as database  114 . In one embodiment, authorization program  110  communicates with detection program  113  via network  102  to gather the information relating to the inspection of vehicle  106 . 
         [0032]    In decision  308 , authorization program  110  determines if the driver&#39;s license is valid. A driver&#39;s license may have NFC technology incorporated to allow a NFC receiver to gather information from the driver&#39;s license, the information is gathered by detection program  113  when the driver is in vehicle  106 , or within reach of the NFC receiver located on or within vehicle  106  and sent to authorization program  110  to make the determination if the driver&#39;s license is valid or not. To verify the driver&#39;s license is valid, some factors may be, for example, if the driver&#39;s license is processed by the correct governing body, has not expired, is the proper class or rank for vehicle  106 , or has not been modified or altered. The proper class of vehicle  106  relates to the different driving licenses related to the type of vehicle, vehicle  106  is. For example, a car requires a different driver&#39;s license than a bus, motorcycle, boat, tractor trailer, or motorhome. In some embodiments, additional attributes may be associated with the driver&#39;s license regarding times when the driver may operate the vehicle, or which vehicles the driver may operate. For example keeping night-vision impaired drivers from driving at night, keeping children from unauthorized use of an expressly prohibited car, allow an insurance company to govern the compliance of specific drivers for specific vehicles, and preventing thieves from stealing and using license plates on additional vehicles. 
         [0033]    If, in decision  308 , authorization program  110  determines if the driver&#39;s license is valid (YES branch, proceed to decision  310 ), authorization program  110  proceeds to determine if the combination is valid. If authorization program  110  determines the driver&#39;s license is not valid (NO branch, proceed to decision  312 ), authorization program  110  proceeds to determine if the override code is valid. In one embodiment, authorization program  110  determines the driver&#39;s license is valid through a smart driver&#39;s license. The smart driver&#39;s license uses a RFID chip integrated into the smart driver&#39;s license which authorization program  110  reads through an onboard computer in vehicle  106  over network  102 . In additional embodiments, authorization program  110  uses forms of biometric identification, for example, fingerprint, hand geometry, retina and iris scan, facial recognition, voice analysis, and additional forms of biometric identification to determine driver are approved to operate vehicle  106 . In an additional embodiment, authorization program  110  records each determination of the inspection in a repository such as database  114 . 
         [0034]    In decision  310 , authorization program  110  determines if a combination is valid. The combination is the credentials which are used to verify vehicle  106  and the driver to determine if vehicle  106  is safe to operate and the driver is verified to drive vehicle  106 . The combination is valid if the prior information is correct based on vehicle  106  requirements and the information related to the driver. In the depicted embodiment, if the credentials listed in steps  302  through  308  are required to be verified for the combination to be valid. In additional embodiments, the credentials are required to be verified. This may be due to different towns, counties, states, nations, or additional regions having different requirements as to what a driver is required to have and what requirements a vehicle (e.g., vehicle  106 ) is required to have before allowing the vehicle to operate on a public road, or a public way. In additional embodiments, additional credentials may be required which are processed in a similar method by authorization program  110 , the use of additional credentials being, for example due to government requirements which a driver must produce regarding themselves and vehicle  106  which the driver is attempting to operate. If authorization program  110  determines the combination is valid (YES branch, proceed to step  206 ), authorization program  110  proceeds to signal vehicle to start. If authorization program  110  determines the insurances is not valid (NO branch, proceed to decision  312 ), authorization program  110  proceeds to determine if an override code is valid. 
         [0035]    In decision  312 , authorization program  110  determines if an override code is valid. The override code may be used if vehicle  106  needs to be taken to a location to renew or update the information which caused error, or the override code may be used if the driver was locked out of vehicle  106  because of too many attempts at starting vehicle  106 . An override code allows a driver who is not approved to operate vehicle  106 , use vehicle  106 . The override code may be, for example, a code, a device, or a verification from a third party to allow the driver which was not approved to operate vehicle  106 . If authorization program  110  determines the override code is valid (YES branch, proceed to step  206 ), authorization program  110  proceeds to signal vehicle to start. If authorization program  110  determines the override code is not valid (NO branch, proceed to decision  312 ), authorization program  110  proceeds to determine if the situation vehicle  106  is in is an emergency situation. In one embodiment, there is one override code for the driver. In additional embodiments, there may be several override codes, associated with each validation and specific to the driver. In one embodiment, authorization program  110  communicates with detection program  113  via network  102  to gather the information relating to the override code. 
         [0036]    In decision  314 , authorization program  110  determines if vehicle  106  is involved in an emergency situation. An emergency situation is a situation which poses an immediate risk to health, life, property, or environment. The emergency situation may require urgent intervention to prevent a worsening of the situation. In one embodiment, the driver, a third party, or an emergency personnel may determine if the situation vehicle  106  is in is an emergency situation. In additional embodiments, authorization program  110  gathers information relating to the situation of vehicle  106  through detection program  113  which accesses vehicle computing device  108  which may include information relating to the condition of vehicle  106  or information gathered from sensors or additional devices within vehicle  106 . In additional embodiments, an external source determines if the situation vehicle  106  is in is an emergency situation, and permits the driver to operate vehicle  106 . If authorization program  110  determines vehicle  106  is in an emergency situation (YES branch, proceed to step  206 ), authorization program  110  communicates with detection program  113 , informing detection program  113  to signal vehicle to start. If authorization program  110  determines vehicle  106  is not in an emergency situation (NO branch, proceed to step  206 ), authorization program  110  communicates with detection program  113 , informing detection program  113  to disallow the vehicle from start. 
         [0037]    In additional embodiments, authorization program  110  reports an accident to a third party which determines if the situation vehicle  106  is involved in is an emergency situation. Authorization program  110  communicates with detection program  113  regarding vehicle&#39;s  106  internal computer systems which may include information regarding a potential emergency situation, such as, air bag deployment, crash sensor information, or audio or visual information relating to the occupants and the area around vehicle  106 . In additional embodiments, authorization program  110  alerts an emergency service once, authorization program  110  receives an indication vehicle  106  is involved in an accident or additional emergency situation. In additional embodiments, if the driver calls  911  while in vehicle  106 , authorization program  110  determines the situation vehicle  106  is involved in an emergency situation. In additional embodiments, once authorization program  110  determines vehicle  106  is involved in an emergency situation, authorization program  110  activates vehicle  106 &#39;s global positioning system (hereinafter GPS), on-board camera, and audio system to record the driver and passengers and broadcasts the information to the proper authorities. 
         [0038]    In additional embodiments, for vehicular accidents, the RFID tags used in conjunction with vehicle impact sensors may provide vehicle ownership information in certain circumstances such as hit and run accidents. For example, vehicle  106  gets struck in a parking lot. An impact or shock sensor of vehicle  106  detects the incident and vehicle computing device  108  activates one of the reachable RFID tags, to gather information from the additional vehicle involved in the incident. An owner could take the information to law enforcement and officers could investigate based on the nearest RFID tags in proximity at the time of the accident. 
         [0039]      FIG. 4  depicts a block diagram  400  depicting the internal and external components of the server and the vehicle computing device of  FIG. 1 , in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. It should be appreciated  FIG. 4  provides only an illustration of one implementation and does not imply any limitations with regard to the environments in which different embodiments may be implemented. Many modifications to the depicted environment may be made. 
         [0040]    Server  104  and vehicle computing device  108 , each include communications fabric  402 , which provides communications between computer processor(s)  404 , memory  406 , persistent storage  408 , communications unit  410 , and input/output (I/O) interface(s)  412 . Communications fabric  402  may be implemented with any architecture designed for passing data and/or control information between processors (such as microprocessors, communications and network processors, etc.), system memory, peripheral devices, and any additional hardware components within a system. For example, communications fabric  402  may be implemented with one or more buses. 
         [0041]    Memory  406  and persistent storage  408  are computer-readable storage media. In one embodiment, memory  406  includes random access memory (RAM) and cache memory  414 . In general, memory  406  may include any suitable volatile or non-volatile computer-readable storage media. 
         [0042]    Memory  406  is stored for execution by one or more of the respective computer processors  404  of server  104  and vehicle computing device  108  via one or more respective memories of memory  406  of server  104  and vehicle computing device  108 . In the depicted embodiment, persistent storage  408  includes a magnetic hard disk drive. Alternatively, or in addition to a magnetic hard disk drive, persistent storage  408  may include a solid state hard drive, a semiconductor storage device, read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), flash memory, or any additional computer-readable storage media which is capable of storing program instructions or digital information. 
         [0043]    The media used by persistent storage  408  may also be removable. For example, a removable hard drive may be used for persistent storage  408 . Additional examples include optical and magnetic disks, thumb drives, and smart cards which are inserted into a drive for transfer onto additional computer-readable storage medium which is also part of persistent storage  408 . 
         [0044]    Communications unit  410 , in the examples, provides for communications with additional data processing systems or devices, including server  104  and vehicle computing device  108 . In the examples, communications unit  410  includes one or more network interface cards. Communications unit  410  may provide communications through the use of either or both physical and wireless communications links. 
         [0045]    I/O interface(s)  412  allows for input and output of data with additional devices which may be connected to server  104  and vehicle computing device  108 . For example, I/O interface  412  may provide a connection to external devices  416  such as a keyboard, keypad, camera, a touch screen, and/or some additional suitable input device. External devices  416  may also include portable computer-readable storage media such as, for example, thumb drives, portable optical or magnetic disks, and memory cards. Software and data used to practice embodiments of the present invention, e.g., function of authorization program  110  and detection program  113  may be stored on such portable computer-readable storage media and may be loaded onto persistent storage  408  of server  104  and vehicle computing device  108  via I/O interface(s)  412  of server  104  and vehicle computing device  108 . Software and data used to practice embodiments of the present invention, e.g., authorization program  110  and detection program  113  may be stored on such portable computer-readable storage media and may be loaded onto persistent storage  408  of server  104  and vehicle computing device  108  via I/O interface(s)  412  of server  104  and vehicle computing device  108 . I/O interface(s)  412  also connect to a display  418 . 
         [0046]    Display  418  provides a mechanism to display data to a user and may be, for example, a computer monitor. 
         [0047]    The present invention may be a system, a method, and/or a computer program product. The computer program product may include a computer readable storage medium (or media) having computer readable program instructions thereon for causing a processor to carry out aspects of the present invention. 
         [0048]    The computer readable storage medium may be a tangible device which may retain and store instructions for use by an instruction execution device. The computer readable storage medium may be, for example, but is not limited to, an electronic storage device, a magnetic storage device, an optical storage device, an electromagnetic storage device, a semiconductor storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. A non-exhaustive list of more specific examples of the computer readable storage medium includes the following: a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or Flash memory), a static random access memory (SRAM), a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), a digital versatile disk (DVD), a memory stick, a floppy disk, a mechanically encoded device such as punch-cards or raised structures in a groove having instructions recorded thereon, and any suitable combination of the foregoing. A computer readable storage medium, as used herein, is not to be construed as being transitory signals per se, such as radio waves or additional freely propagating electromagnetic waves, electromagnetic waves propagating through a waveguide or additional transmission media (e.g., light pulses passing through a fiber-optic cable), or electrical signals transmitted through a wire. 
         [0049]    Computer readable program instructions described herein may be downloaded to respective computing/processing devices from a computer readable storage medium or to an external computer or external storage device via a network, for example, the Internet, a local area network, a wide area network and/or a wireless network. The network may include copper transmission cables, optical transmission fibers, wireless transmission, routers, firewalls, switches, gateway computers and/or edge servers. A network adapter card or network interface in each computing/processing device receives computer readable program instructions from the network and forwards the computer readable program instructions for storage in a computer readable storage medium within the respective computing/processing device. 
         [0050]    Computer readable program instructions for carrying out operations of the present invention may be assembler instructions, instruction-set-architecture (ISA) instructions, machine instructions, machine dependent instructions, microcode, firmware instructions, state-setting data, or either source code or object code written in any combination of one or more programming languages, including an object oriented programming language such as Smalltalk, C++ or the like, and conventional procedural programming languages, such as the “C” programming language or similar programming languages. The computer readable program instructions may execute entirely on the user&#39;s computer, partly on the user&#39;s computer, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the user&#39;s computer and partly on a remote computer or entirely on the remote computer or server. In the latter scenario, the remote computer may be connected to the user&#39;s computer through any type of network, including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN), or the connection may be made to an external computer (for example, through the Internet using an Internet Service Provider). In some embodiments, electronic circuitry including, for example, programmable logic circuitry, field-programmable gate arrays (FPGA), or programmable logic arrays (PLA) may execute the computer readable program instructions by utilizing state information of the computer readable program instructions to personalize the electronic circuitry, to perform aspects of the present invention. 
         [0051]    Aspects of the present invention are described herein with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, may be implemented by computer readable program instructions. 
         [0052]    These computer readable program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, or additional programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or additional programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions/acts specified in the flowchart and/or block diagram block or blocks. These computer readable program instructions may also be stored in a computer readable storage medium which may direct a computer, a programmable data processing apparatus, and/or additional devices to function in a particular manner, such that the computer readable storage medium having instructions stored therein includes an article of manufacture including instructions which implement aspects of the function/act specified in the flowchart and/or block diagram block or blocks. 
         [0053]    The computer readable program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer, additional programmable data processing apparatus, or additional device to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer, additional programmable apparatus or additional device to produce a computer implemented process, such that the instructions which execute on the computer, additional programmable apparatus, or additional device implement the functions/acts specified in the flowchart and/or block diagram block or blocks. 
         [0054]    The flowchart and block diagrams in the Figures illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of systems, methods, and computer program products according to various embodiments of the present invention. In this regard, each block in the flowchart or block diagrams may represent a device, segment, or portion of instructions, which includes one or more executable instructions for implementing the specified logical function(s). In some alternative implementations, the functions noted in the block may occur out of the order noted in the figures. For example, two blocks shown in succession may, in fact, be executed substantially concurrently, or the blocks may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon the functionality involved. It will also be noted that each block of the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, may be implemented by special purpose hardware-based systems that perform the specified functions or acts or carry out combinations of special purpose hardware and computer instructions.