Abstract:
A glass annealing lehr to which newly formed glassware is passed under and over sprays of abrasion resistant material by transfer mechanism that engages the ware and suspends it to expose the bottom to spray, the transfer mechanism in one form being capable of transferring the ware from one conveyor to another moving in opposite directions out of contact with said conveyors during the transfer movement.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     The invention is in the field of treating glassware to improve its abrasive resistance qualities in handling when washing, bottling, capping, etc. The ware is completely sprayed externally, sides and bottom, with an abrasive resistant solution before it enters and after it leaves the annealing tunnel. 
     DESCRIPTION OF THE PRIOR ART 
     U.S. Pat. No. 2,132,138 granted to Williams et al., Oct. 4, 1938, describes in general the treatment of the exterior surfaces of glassware such as bottles, tumblers, and the like to produce thereon a film comprising a lubricant to reduce or eliminate abrasion or frictional contact. It lists the kind of solutions that are very effective as lubricants and the temperature of the ware at which they should be applied. 
     Numerous patents directed to various compounds, in solution and even attempting to monopolize the sprayed glassware as an article of manufacture have been granted after the Williams patent but all of them state the same purpose and list the same result as Williams&#39; for the use of a lubricant to reduce or eliminate abrasion. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     The invention is directed to the means employed for applying the lubricating solution to the ware and not to the lubricant solutions per se. Also, the invention is for apparatus that eliminates abrasive contact of the ware during the spraying and annealing steps. 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     FIG. 1 is a side elevational view partially in vertical section of the charging end of a glass annealing lehr showing ware transfer mechanism for delivering the ware from the forming machine conveyor to the lehr conveyor; 
     FIG. 2, a side elevation of the discharge end of the lehr of FIG. 1 at and beyond the cooling section showing ware transfer mechanism for delivering the ware to the inspection and packing table; 
     FIG. 3, a longitudinal section of a multiple tunnel lehr with conveyor strands moving in opposite directions and transfer mechanisms for moving the ware from one strand to another, out of contact therewith during the transfer movement; 
     FIG. 4, a top plan view of the transfer mechanism of the multiple tunnel lehr of FIG. 3; 
     FIG. 5, a vertical section partially in elevation of the transfer mechanism of FIG. 4 taken on the line 5--5, FIG. 4; 
     FIG. 6, a side elevational view partially in section of the gripping jaw mounted on a sprocket chain for engaging the bottles taken on the line 6--6, FIG. 4; 
     FIG. 7, a top plan view of a straight line transfer mechanism for disengaging the ware from its conveyor support and holding it in suspension for spraying the bottom of the ware; and 
     FIG. 8, a side elevation partially in sections taken along the line 8--8, FIG. 7. 
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT 
     With reference to the drawings, FIGS. 1 and 2 placed end to end show the charging and discharge end of the lehr. The numeral 10, FIG. 1, designates a conveyor that delivers the bottles, 11, from a ware forming machine (not shown) to a transfer mechanism, 12, of the type shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 by which it is transferred to the conveyor belt, 13, of a glass annealing lehr generally designated by reference character 14. The front or charging end of the lehr, 15, has a series of fire boxes, 16, below the conveyor, 13, and preheating chamber, 17, to preheat conveyor belt, 13. Radiant cup burners, 18, are provided in the roof, 19, of the front heating section to rapidly bring the temperature of the ware to the annealing range and the temperature gradients to which the ware is subjected is controlled by the successive independently controlled temperature zones or sections as described in my Pat. No. 3,601,375 granted Aug. 24, 1971, and Pats. No. 3,010,710  and No. 3,261,596. 
     As the bottles are transferred from the forming machine conveyor belt, 10, to the annealing lehr conveyor, 13, by transfer mechanism, 12, they are suspended to expose the bottom to lubricating sprays, 20 and 21, to protect them from abrasive contact when engaged by conveyor belt 13. 
     The treating zones of lehr 14 consists of sections 14a, 14b, 14c, and 14d, as many as are needed for the kind and size of ware to be treated at a given speed of the conveyor 13. The rapid cooling section, 14e, is described in my Pat. No. 3,371,430. As the ware leaves the cooling section, 14e, on conveyor 13, it is again engaged by a straight line transfer mechanism 12, and is suspended while passing to the packing and inspection conveyor support, 22. A lubricating spray, 23 is then applied as shown in FIG. 2. When the ware is on conveyor 22, a spray, 24, is applied to the sides of the bottles to reduce or eliminate abrasive contact. The conveyor drive drum, 25, is driven by motor 26 through transmission 27. The spraying after annealing is at a lower temperature than spraying at the charging end of the lehr. 
     In reference to the use of the transfer mechanism of FIG. 4, as applied to the multiple tunnel lehr of FIG. 3, the ware, 11, is transferred from conveyor belt 28 to belt 29 by spring, mounted pads, 30, assembled on an endless sprocket chain, 31, mounted on sprocket wheels 32, 33, and 34. 
     A drum, 35, having a resilient surface, 36, for engaging bottles, 11, is driven by motor 37 through sprocket wheels 38 and 39 and spindle 40. The sprocket chain is driven by a motor not shown that drives spindle 41. The speeds of conveyors 28 and 29 and sprocket chain 31 and drum 35 are synchronized to be substantially at the same peripheral speed. 
     As shown in FIG. 6, gripping pads, 42, are mounted on links, 43, of chain 31 and are supported on spring mounts 44 having flanges 45 engaging grooves 46 to grippingly engage bottles, 11, to suspend them as they pass around drum 35 as shown in FIG. 5. Should any glassware be upset during passage through transfer mechanism of FIG. 4, it will fall off conveyor 28 into a receptacle, 47, as shown in FIG. 5. A circular track, 48, FIG. 5, is engaged by followers, 49, to guide the gripping elements, 42, in spaced relation around drum 35 to hold the ware in suspension as shown in FIG. 5. 
     In the transfer mechanism of FIGS. 7 and 8, a pair of endless conveyor chains, 50 and 51, are mounted on sprocket wheels, 52, 53, 54, and 55. Wheels 55 and 53 are driven by motors, 56 through sprocket chains 57. A single spray nozzle, 58, is shown to spray the bottom of the ware while suspended instead of two in FIG. 1 wherein a single spray nozzle, 59, is shown above the ware to spray the side of the bottles. However, in FIG. 7, two side spray nozzles, 60 and 61, are shown. Unless a long chain of gripping members is required the tension of the gripping chains will maintain alignment of the gripping members for engaging the bottles as shown. 
     The employment of parallel multiple tunnel lehrs, shown in FIG. 3, has been deferred because of the inability to efficiently transfer the ware from one conveyor to the adjacent conveyor. By means of the transfer mechanisms of FIGS. 4 and 5 which is diagrammatically shown in FIG. 3, the ware is out of abrasive contact when transferred from one to another of the conveyors and the multiple tunnel lehr is now available where space is a factor. 
     In FIG. 3, the conveyor strand 64 extends outside the lehr housing, 63, for receiving the ware, and conveyor strand 62 extends out of the housing at the exit end 65. The center tunnel is open at both ends to communicate with both transfer mechanism as shown. 
     It is evident that by means of the herein above described invention utilizing spaced apart conveyor strands with transfer mechanism for bridging and moving the ware from one strand to another and applying non-abrasive sprays to the ware while out of contact with said strands protects it from abrasive contact with the conveying and transfer mechanism and from each other. 
     Also, the ware may be subject to check detection top and bottom without interrupting the continuity of movement by placing check detector equipment in the path of movement of the ware by the transfer mechanism and the bottles can be rotated when going through the transfer mechanism by simply operating one side of the gripping means at a different speed than the other. The ware could also be labeled without interrupting its movement through the sprays by rotating the ware when one end of the label has been applied. 
     Although several embodiments of the invention have been herein shown and described it will be evident that various modifications may be made in the details of construction without departing from the principles herein set forth.