Abstract:
Image areas that have been printed by specific printing plates or areas are coordinated with those specific plates or areas. A counter is coordinated with each specific image area and specific plate or area which prints it. If a predetermined number of faults are counted, a signal is generated and can be used to shut down the press or to advise the press operator of the existence of the recurring fault.

Description:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention relates to processes for qualitative assessment of processed material. 
     DESCRIPTION OF THE PRIOR ART 
     DE-OS 38 849 describes a process for detecting faults on rolled steel surfaces. In the process those faults, which have a defined periodicity, are identified. 
     DE 41 29 196 A1 discloses a process for detecting faults in a textile web. Here, the number of consecutive faults is added up. When a fault-free product appears, the counter setting is returned to zero. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     It is the object of the present invention to provide a process for the qualitative assessment of processed material. 
     This object is attained in accordance with the invention by the utilization of a process for the qualitative assessment of material by utilization of at least one photoelectric sensor and an evaluation device which acts with it. Image areas of the inspected material are detected in association with possible fault sources. Each printing plate or forme on a printing cylinder which is provided with a plurality of identical printing formes that are arranged one behind the other is determined as the fault source. 
     Faults in the material to be inspected are systematically detected in an advantageous manner by means of the processes of the present invention. Locating a fault is made easier by means of the specific detection of occurring faults, and their assignment to an associated fault source. Waste and down-times of the processing machine are reduced. 
     In this way, a clear association of faults to the fault- generating printing forme is possible, in particular in connection with rotary printing presses (see EP 0 406 157 B1) having a printing cylinder with a plurality of identical printing formes. 
     A dependable fault assessment is achieved by counting up and down in accordance with the number of successive faulty and fault-free image areas. 
     In connection with faults because of insufficient wiping of the inked printing formes of a steel engraving printing press in particular, it often occurs that only one fault-free sheet follows several faulty sheets, and then is again followed by several faulty sheets. If, in this case, the number of faulty sheets has almost reached an upper threshold value, the counter setting is only reduced by one as a result of this single fault-free sheet, and the counter setting is increased again by the following faulty sheets. Therefore the threshold value of the counter setting is rapidly reached and a warning signal is triggered. Unnecessary waste is reduced by this. 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     The process in accordance with the invention will be described in greater detail in what follows and as depicted schematically in the accompanying drawings in which: 
     FIG. 1 is a schematic side elevation view of a printing press and sheet inspection device in accordance with the present invention; 
     FIG. 2 is a top plan view of a printed sheet having image areas; and 
     FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the process of assessing the quality of processed material in accordance with the present invention. 
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT 
     A processing machine, for example a rotary printing press, generally at  10 , as seen in FIG. 1, is provided with a device  12  for the qualitative assessment of processed material. This processed material can be printed sheet  14  or webs, for example. In the present embodiment sheets of paper  14  are printed by means of the steel engraving process and are thereafter qualitatively assessed in-line. 
     The rotary printing press  10  can be a steel engraving printing press, for example known from EP 0 406 157 B1. 
     A process for assessing these sheets is known from DE 42 06 366 A1, for example. 
     In accordance with the process for assessing the quality of processed material in accordance with the present invention, image elements  16  of a sheet  14  to be inspected, as seen in FIG. 2, are compared with stored image elements of so-called “master” sheets. If one or several measured values are outside of a predetermined tolerance of the corresponding measured values of the “master” sheet, a fault is detected. This fault can now be signaled visually or acoustically by means of a first warning signal. It is also possible to mark or remove the respective sheet  14  containing a fault. A signal regarding the faulty sheet is supplied to a counter  18 , by means of which the counter setting of a counting unit is increased by one, for example. Now if one or several faulty sheets  14  directly follow the first faulty sheet, the counter setting of the counter  18  is increased by one for each faulty sheet, as depicted in FIG.  3 . Only with faults occurring directly one after the other does the counter  18  increase the counter setting by respectively one counting unit, for example raising it by one. 
     If a fault-free sheet  14  is detected following a faulty sheet, a signal for the fault-free sheet is supplied to the counter  18 , by means of which the counter setting is reduced in steps by a counting unit, for example one. If now further fault-free sheets  14  follow directly one after the other, the counter setting is respectively reduced by one for each fault-free sheet. If the counter has reached a lower threshold value, for example the value zero, no further downward counting is performed. 
     Thus, the counter setting is changed in steps corresponding to the number of inspected faulty and fault-free sheets. This procedure is followed within a range of the counter setting from a lower threshold value, for example zero, up to a selectable upper threshold value of the counter setting, which can be set. If this threshold value has been reached, a second warning signal is triggered and is supplied to the press control  20 , for example. This signal can cause the reduction of the speed of the rotary printing press  10  for example, or the stopping of the rotary printing press  10 . 
     This process can be applied to the total number of sheets to be inspected. 
     The sheets to be inspected are often processed in machines in which cyclical faults can occur. For example, this is the case when the sheets are printed by a rotary printing press such as the type of press disclosed in EP 0 406 157 B1. 
     This rotary printing press  10  has a plate cylinder  22 , which is provided with three printing plates  24 , each of which has an identical printing forme. After inking, the non-printing areas of these printing formes are cleaned of printing ink by a common wiping device. This wiping device consists, inter alia, of a wiping cylinder  26  applied under pressure against the printing formes  24 . Now, if for example one of the three printing plates  24  is damaged, or part of it lies slightly lower, the wiping device  26  does not completely clean this area. Therefore each third sheet  14  in the stream of all of the sheets  14  produced would have a fault in the nature of a scumming area. 
     Scumming areas, however, can also sometimes occur over only a limited period of time, for example because of slugs, which slugs are eventually removed from the printing plate by the wiping device. 
     In this example, each printing plate  24  is assigned its own counter  12 . This counter is synchronized with the rotational speed of the printing press and with the inspection device. A signal of a fault-free, or respectively of a faulty sheet being printed by means of a defined printing plate is supplied only to the counter assigned to this printing plate. 
     Thus, only signals from the sheets printed by means of the associated printing plate  24  and inspected are supplied to each counter  18  assigned to this printing plate  24 . 
     This respective counter  18  can be operated in accordance with the following principle: 
     If a faulty sheet is detected, a signal is supplied to the respective counter  18 , as depicted in FIG. 3, by means of which the counter setting is increased by a counting unit, for example one. This takes place in connection with successive sheets up to a predeterminable threshold value. When a fault-free sheet is detected, the counter setting is returned to zero, and counting up of the counter setting restarts only when a faulty sheet again appears. When this threshold value has been reached, a second warning signal is issued, which is passed on, for example, to the printer control  20  for triggering further actions. 
     The process described at the outset is used in a particularly advantageous manner for the counting operation of these cyclically occurring faults. In accordance with this, the step-by-step counting up and down of the counter setting takes place as a function of the respective number of faulty and fault-free sheets. 
     This counting of cyclic faults is not only limited to the described example of plate cylinders with several printing plates, wherein the cyclical faults of successive sheets or repeats of the web are detected. Other cases of use are also possible. In this case at least one individual counter is assigned to each relevant one of several possible fault sources which generate a cyclical fault. 
     For example, it is also possible to determine partial areas  16 , i.e. windows, within a sheet, to which an individual counter is assigned. 
     It is of course also possible to perform the count by means of other counting units or step sizes i.e. a step size not one, and with other threshold values. 
     While a preferred embodiment of a process for assessing the quality of processed material in accordance with the present invention has been set forth fully and completely hereinabove, it will be apparent to one of skill in the art that a number of changes in, for example, the specific type of printing press used, the type of paper being printed on and the like could be made without departing from the true spirit and scope of the present invention which is accordingly to be limited only the following claims.