Abstract:
The present invention provides a unique and novel system for acquiring digital image frames of identification documents such as driver&#39;s license, passports, or medical insurance records using a digital camera so as to establish a high resolution image frame and extracting data automatically with machine vision tools so as to acquire accurate data. The present invention teaches also a system that acquires multi-spectral image frames of both sides of the identification document.

Description:
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
       [0001]    This application is a continuation-in-part of U.S. application Ser. No. 10/959,261, filed on Oct. 6, 2004, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. 
     
    
     FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
       [0002]    The present invention relates to systems for extracting data. More particularly, the present invention relates to a system for acquiring digital image frames of identification documents such as driver&#39;s licenses, passports, and other similar identity cards and documents so as to extract data automatically with machine vision tools. 
       BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
       [0003]    A need exists in law enforcement and in many businesses to extract information from an identity document or identity card such as a credit card, driver&#39;s license or a passport. In some cases, it is convenient to automatically extract information from a non-official document such as business card or from a semi-official document such as library card, student card, store discount card, bank issued cards, checks etc. 
         [0004]    Most of these identity documents contain information in text form. The information usually includes information on the type of the document and information specific to the document or the document holder such as: name, ID number, address, etc. Some of these identity documents may contain information encoded in non-textual form-such as barcode, two-dimensional barcode such as PDF417. 
         [0005]    In many situations such as in an airport, hotel, car-rental or at a store, it is advantages to have a system that rapidly extracts the data with high throughput and long meant time between failure (MTBF). Similarly, in a bank, there is a need to extract information from checks. In many of these places extracting information is manually performed by a person reading the information from the document and entering it to the data system by typing it. Manual methods are time consuming and may cause errors. 
         [0006]    Systems that are available today are based on scanning technology that is relatively poor in its resolution characteristics when it works with an OCR and the results are not satisfactory due to multiple errors. 
         [0007]    The use of video cameras for capturing an image frame out of an identity card is shown in U.S. Pat. No. 5,642,160 titled “Digital image capture system for photo identification cards” that describes a digital image capture system for a photo identification card using a video camera. The system is adapted to compare the image frame of the card holder extracted from the card to an image frame of the person that hand the identity card. There is no reference as for extracting the data from the card. 
         [0008]    There is a need to provide a system that is adapted to extract the data of the identity card in high resolution so as to prevent errors while omitting any information that exist on the card such as state symbols, marks etc. 
       SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
       [0009]    Accordingly, it is a principle intention of the present invention to provide a system for acquiring digital image frames of identification documents such as driver&#39;s licenses, passports, medical insurance records, and other similar identity cards and documents so as to extract data automatically with machine vision tools. 
         [0010]    In one embodiment the system comprises a box housing a digital camera equipped with a lens and at least one light source. Optionally, the light source is equipped with light diffuser to provide even illumination of the identity document. Optionally said diffuser is a light reflector. Optionally, light baffle prevents direct light reaching the identity document from the light source. 
         [0011]    Optionally, front face of the box is made of transparent material and is optionally equipped with a frame to guide user in correct placing of the document against the front face. Alternatively, the front face has a slot with dimensions designed to accept an identity card. In this alternative, identity card is inserted into the slot to be acquired. 
         [0012]    Acquiring data may be initiated by the user or may be initiated automatically when the system senses that a new document was placed. Sensing the placement of a new document may be done with a sensor within the system or by acquiring image frames at regular intervals and performing at least partial image analysis to identify placement of a document. Preferably, image frames acquired for this purpose are at lower image quality than image frames acquired for the purpose of information extraction. 
         [0013]    Optionally, the system is equipped with a status display means, preferably an indicator light to inform the user when the system is ready for the next document etc. 
         [0014]    The system is controlled by a processor. Optionally, the processor is connected to the box using a communication link such as USB2. Optionally, the processor is linked to external preferably official database for optional storing, verifying or distributing the extracted data. Preferably, the processor integrated into the system. 
         [0015]    Extraction of textual data from the identity document is optionally assisted by prior knowledge of the type of document and a template stored in a database within the processor or at a remote location. The template includes known data fields, such as first name, last name, address fields. Optionally, the type of document is determined from the document, before fetching the template from the database. 
         [0016]    Preferably, information extraction is done in stages: First, boundaries between text and background are determined based on minimum contrast between the character and other colored data on the card. Second, black and white glyphs are extracted using the data of boundaries. Third, OCR recognizes symbols and characters. 
         [0017]    When using templates, after identifying the document and fetching the corresponding template, the image frame is overlaid by the fetched template, wherein each data field demarcates a respective data region of the overlaid image frame. If not all data fields are needed, data regions are selected. The textual information is extracted from such selected data regions. The black and white glyphs are extracted from within the approximate boundaries of the selected data regions. 
         [0018]    In another embodiment of the correct invention, both sides of an identity card may be imaged simultaneously. In one embodiment, two digital cameras are positioned one in each side of the document. Alternatively, one camera is used while using mirrors to reflect images of both sides of the card towards the camera. 
         [0019]    Several types of image frames may be acquired by the system: 
         [0020]    Gray level or color (Red, Green Blue) image frame may be acquired by white light illumination and conventional color two-dimensional sensor array. 
         [0021]    Infrared (IR) reflection image frame may be acquired by IR illumination and using the red sensitive part of the sensor array. Ultra violet (UV) reflectance image frame of the identity document may be acquired by illuminating the identity document with UV light and acquiring data from the blue sensitive pixels of a color sensitive sensor array. 
         [0022]    Florescence image frame of the identity document may be acquired by illuminating the identity document with excitation light in UV or blue wavelength and acquiring data from the green and red sensitive pixels of a color sensitive sensor array. 
         [0023]    In contrast to systems based on linear optical scanner, the current invention may acquire data more rapidly and optionally from both sides of the document. The inventive system may be designed with limited number or no moving parts and thus be more reliable than mechanically scamming systems. 
         [0024]    Even illumination of the card, high resolution imaging, preprocessing of the image frame and prior knowledge of the template of the document, each contributes to higher accuracy of the extracted data. 
         [0025]    Multi-spectral imaging enables locating authentication marks on the identity document, which are difficult to observe visually, or that are printed using invisible ink. 
         [0026]    It is a principle intention of the present invention to provide a system for extracting information from an identity card that is accurate and less error-prone. 
         [0027]    These and other objects and advantages in accordance with the present invention will become more readily apparent from a consideration of the ensuing description, claims, and accompanying drawings. 
         [0028]    Further features and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the drawings and the description contained herein. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0029]    An exemplary embodiment of the invention is described in the following section with respect to the drawings. The same reference numbers are used to designate the same or related features on different drawings. The drawings are generally not drawn to scale. 
           [0030]      FIG. 1   a  is a system for extracting information from an identity card using a digital camera according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention. 
           [0031]      FIG. 1   b  is a system for extracting information from an identity card using a diffused light source according to another exemplary embodiment of the invention. 
           [0032]      FIG. 2  is a system for extracting information from an identity card using a slotted card holder according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention. 
           [0033]      FIG. 3  is a system for extracting information from both sides of an identity card using two digital cameras according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention. 
           [0034]      FIG. 4  is a system for extracting information from both sides of an identity card using one digital camera according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention. 
           [0035]      FIG. 5  is a data flowchart outlining an exemplary method for extracting information from an identity document using a system for extracting information from an identity card as shown in  FIG. 1   a ,  FIG. 2 ,  FIG. 3  or in  FIG. 4 , according to embodiments of the present invention. 
           [0036]      FIG. 6  depicts an exemplary image frame of an identity page from a passport. 
           [0037]      FIG. 7  is a preconfigured template designated for extracting data information from an identity page of a passport as shown in  FIG. 6 . 
           [0038]      FIG. 8  is a data flowchart outlining another exemplary method for extracting information from an identity document using a system for extracting information from an identity card as shown in  FIG. 1   a ,  FIG. 2 ,  FIG. 3  or  FIG. 4 , according to embodiments of the present invention. 
           [0039]      FIG. 9  illustrates the template shown in  FIG. 7  overlaid over the scanned image frame shown in  FIG. 6 . 
           [0040]      FIG. 10  illustrates an exemplary output layout of data fields extracted from the scanned image frame shown in  FIG. 6 . 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
       [0041]    The following detailed description is of the best presently contemplated modes of carrying out the present invention. This description is not to be taken in a limiting sense, but is made merely for the purpose of illustrating the general principles in accordance with the present invention. The scope of the present invention is best defined by the appended claims. 
         [0042]    With reference to the drawings,  FIG. 1   a  illustrating a system for extracting information from an identity card using a digital camera according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention. System  100  for extracting information from an identity card uses a digital camera according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention. 
         [0043]    A camera  120 , typically a digital camera, equipped with a lens  122  is housed in a box  110  having a transparent front face  112 . An identity card or an identity document such as a passport (not shown in  FIG. 1   a ) is placed against the front face, and is illuminated by light sources  124 . The system  100  is connected to a data-processing unit  160  such as an internal processor, a personal computer, a laptop computer, a PDA, or a palm computer using a communication link  126 . Communication link  126  may use an internal bus, a standard serial or parallel protocol such as Universal Serial Bus (USB), RS232, General Purpose Interface Bus (GPIB), fiber optical communication link, RF communication such as Bluetooth. Preferably, USB2 communication link is used when using an external data processing unit. 
         [0044]    Optional indicator light  116  indicates the status of the system such as ready, busy etc. 
         [0045]    To extract information, the user places an identity card or identity document such as a passport against the transparent face  112  of box  110 . 
         [0046]    Optionally, a frame  114  is used to guide the user in placing the identity card at a predefined position in respect to the front face  112 . Optionally, the frame  114  may be replaceable wherein each of the several replaceable frames is built to accommodate identity card of different dimensions. Alternatively, the frame is substantially as large as the field of view of the camera  120  and the identity card is placed flush against one of the corners of frame  114 . Alternatively, an identity card smaller than front face  112  may be placed anywhere against the front face and image processing program executed in data processing unit  160  is used to determine the location of the identity card. 
         [0047]    In another embodiment of the invention depicted in  FIG. 2 . camera system  200  is housed in a box  210 . In this embodiment, the frame is replaced with a slotted front face  222 . The slotted front face has a slot  224 . An identity card  20  may be inserted through the slot  224  such that its information carrying side faces the transparent front face  212 . Alternatively, the slotted front face may have opening slightly smaller than the dimensions of the identity card instead of transparent front face  212 . 
         [0048]    Optionally, the system is equipped with card sensor  226 . Card sensor  226  is capable of sensing if a card is placed and information can be acquired. 
         [0049]    Card sensor  226  may be a micro-switch placed so the card activates it when the card is fully inserted. Alternatively, position of the identity card may be sensed by a photoelectric detector, pressure sensor or a proximity sensor. 
         [0050]    Optionally, the system is equipped with Indicator light  116 . For example, when the card sensor senses that a card was placed, the indicator light  116  changes its status to alert the user that data acquisition may start. 
         [0051]    For example, indicator light may indicate one or more of the following system&#39;s states: Ready for card insertion, card is in position, data acquisition in progress, data processing in progress, remove card, system error. Optionally indicator light may be replaced with an LCD display, LED alphanumerical display or with audio indicator such as a buzzer or a speaker. 
         [0052]    As a simple example, indicator light in the form of a single green LED may turn on only when acquisition ends and succeed. After the card is removed, the LED is turned off to indicate that the card should be removed and the system is ready for next card reading. Optionally, data acquisition may be activated by the card sensor. 
         [0053]    Alternately, the user may manually activate data acquisition. 
         [0054]    Preferably, the camera may acquire image frames at regular intervals, optionally using low image quality mode of operation. Image processing routine identifies the absence of a card or improperly inserted card and rejects the image frames. When the image processing routine identifies that a card is placed data acquisition is automatically activated. In this embodiment, indicator light will change appearance at the end of acquisition to signal the operator that he may remove the card. Acquiring an image frame may take a fraction of a second to two second depending on the camera and light source. When several types of data (for example visible and at least one of IR UV and FL) are acquired it is advantageous to keep the relative position between the several image frames by keeping the identity document stationary until data acquisition is completed. Optionally, the indicator light may also indicate the start of the data acquisition process signaling the user not to move the card until data acquisition is completed. 
         [0055]    Returning to  FIG. 1   a  At least one light source  124  is housed inside box  110 . Light source  124  is design to illuminate the identity document to be acquired. Several light sources may be used. Substantially even illumination of the identity card may be achieved by use of several light source optionally equipped with proper light reflector or light diffuser. 
         [0056]    In one embodiment of the invention, the light source produces substantially white light. In this embodiment, a color sensitive sensor array detects the light emitted from the source and reflected from the identity document. 
         [0057]    In another embodiment, color imaging is achieved by sequentially illuminating the identity card with light of different colors. 
         [0058]    Some identity documents contain information not visible to human eye. The information may be hidden using infrared (IR), ultra-violet (UV) or florescent (FL) ink. 
         [0059]    In an exemplary embodiment of the invention light source  124  emits light in the visible and invisible wavelength bands. The light source may be a single source such as a flashlight, fluorescent light, incandescent light or white light LED or a combination of few sources with different wavelength spectra. 
         [0060]    Preferably, light emitting diodes (LED) are used as light source for their low cost, small size, durability and low power consumption. Optionally a light source  124  is equipped with light diffuser to create uniform illumination of the identity document. 
         [0061]    Camera  120  is equipped with an imaging lens  122  that focuses light from the identity document onto the 2-D sensor array. Lens  122  may comprise a combination of few lenses or a combination of refracting and reflecting optical elements. Reflecting elements may be used to reduce the overall size of the system by folding the optical path. 
         [0062]    Digital camera  120  comprises a two-dimensional solid-state light sensor array. 2-D pixelated light sensors are commercially available. Common array are Silicon based. For example, an array of photodiodes may be used. Light impinging of an array is converted to electric charge. CCD or CMOS technology is used to readout the charge accumulated in each pixel to an analog to digital converter (ADC). The sensitivity spectra depend on the type of array used. For Silicon based arrays, the spectra spans from the near infrared (NIR) to the near ultraviolet (NUV). Some sensor array, such as used for TV cameras and digital still cameras are color sensitive. In these devices, Red Green and Blue (RGB) sensitive pixels are interspersed in the same array. Other color sensitive sensors uses optical filter to separate the light into wavelength bands and uses one sensor array for each color. Typically, the wavelength sensitivity of the red sensitive pixels extends into the NIR while the wavelength sensitivity of the blue sensitive pixels extends into the NUV. 
         [0063]    Alternatively, a movable optical filter is placed in front of one 2-D array and wavelength bands are measured sequentially. 
         [0064]    Color image frame of the identity document may be acquired by illuminating the identity document with white light and acquiring data by a color sensitive sensor array. 
         [0065]    NIR reflectance image frame of the identity document may be acquired by illuminating the identity document with NIR light and acquiring data from the red sensitive pixels of a color sensitive sensor array. 
         [0066]    NUV reflectance image frame of the identity document may be acquired by illuminating the identity document with NUV light and acquiring data from the blue sensitive pixels of a color sensitive sensor array. 
         [0067]    Florescence image frame of the identity document may be acquired by illuminating the identity document with excitation light in UV, NUV or blue wavelength and acquiring data from the green and red sensitive pixels of a color sensitive sensor array. An optical filter designed to block the excitation wavelength may be used to protect the sensor. 
         [0068]    The operation of the system for extracting information from an identity card using a digital camera is controlled by data processing unit  160 . 
         [0069]    Data processing unit  160  comprises at least digital processor and memory and optionally one or some of: mass data storage such as hard disk, removable storage, means for communication with remote location, input means such as keyboard, mouse or pad, and display unit. 
         [0070]    Data processing unit may be commercially obtained, there are in use units such as PC computer, Palm computer, PDA unit or may be a proprietary processor. 
         [0071]    In some embodiments of the invention, data processing unit is physically separated from box  110 . In this embodiment, communication link  126  is used to exchange commands and data between data processing unit  160  and electronic equipment associated with box  110  such as camera  120 , light source  124 , indicating light  116  and card sensor  126 . 
         [0072]    In another embodiment of the invention, data processing is integrated into the box. 
         [0073]    Due to physical limitations of the light source  124 , lens  122  and camera  120  the image frame acquired by the system may have to be pre-processed in order to extract the information on the identity document. Optionally, the image frame is pre-processes by data processing unit  160  to correct some of these imperfections. 
         [0074]    For example, color balance may be applied to correct color sensitivity of the sensor array or spectra of the light source or both. 
         [0075]    For example, image distortion and deformation caused by aberration and imperfection in the lens may be corrected by distorting the image in the opposite way. A calibration image frame of a ruled card can be acquired in order to measure the distortion caused by the optical system. 
         [0076]    Uneven illumination caused by imperfection in light spread from the light source may cause some parts of the image frame to be brighter or darker than the average brightness or to have different color balance. Similarly, deviation among pixels in the sensor array of sensitivity and dark signal may also cause variation in brightness. A calibration image frame of white or colored card may be used to measure the distortion caused by these effects. Optionally, few image frames acquired in different conditions are used to calculate a pixel sensitivity correction map to be applied to the image frame during pre-processing. 
         [0077]    UV, IR or FL information is often printed on top of visible features on the identity document. In order to make this information easy to detect, proper subtraction of the information printed in visible ink may be applied. 
         [0078]    Similarly, text printed on the identity card may be printed on top of background of varying shade or on top of feature printed in other color. Optionally, known background is subtracted from the image frame during pre-processing. 
         [0079]    Generally, the properties of the identity document are known and data pre-processing may be optimized accordingly. 
         [0080]    Information in the identity card is extracted from the image frame. An optical character recognition (OCR) routine extracts alphanumerical information. By locating key features, the type of the identity document may be known or determined. For example, if the identity document is identified as a passport of a certain country, the location and meaning of textual information in the image frame may be predicted and used to assist the analysis.  FIG. 6  depicts an example image frame  50  of an identity page from a passport. In the example depicted in  FIG. 6 , a key feature may be, by way of example, determining a string  54  of the first five characters of the two-line coded data  52 . In passports, string  54  typically includes the character “P”, followed by the character “&lt;”, followed by three letters which identify the country issuing the passport. In the example depicted in  FIG. 6 , the country is identified as Israel. 
         [0081]    Reference is also made to  FIG. 7 , which is a preconfigured template  600  designated for extracting data information from an identity document type such as the identity page of a passport as depicted in image frame  50 . Template  600  facilitates the processor of a system for extracting information from an identity card ( 100 ,  200  or, as shown in  FIG. 3 , system  300 ) to identify the information in a particular field and to predict the location of textual information in an image frame acquired from the identity document. 
         [0082]    Reference is also made to  FIG. 5 , which is a data flowchart outlining an exemplary method  500  for extracting information from an identity document using a system for extracting information from an identity card as shown in  FIG. 1   a  (system  100 ),  FIG. 2  (system  200 ) or  FIG. 3  (system  300 ), according to embodiments of the present invention. Preferably, information extraction is done in stages: First, boundaries between text and background are determined (step  510 ) based on the minimum contrast between the character and other colored data on the card. Second, black and white glyphs are extracted (step  520 ) using the data of boundaries. Third, OCR recognizes (step  530 ) symbols and characters. 
         [0083]    Information extracted from the card may be sent (step  540 ) to remote location using communication link such as Internet, phone, fax or cellular networks. 
         [0084]    Authentication of an identity card is optionally done by comparing features such as logo, color, fonts, and other characteristics of the documents to database stored in data processing unit or in a remote database. Alternatively or additionally, authentication of an identity card is done by comparing the extracted information to a database of records of valid or invalid documents. 
         [0085]    Optionally, information extracted from identity document is used to save the user the task of manually inputting the information. For example, at a hotel check-in the necessary information could be extracted from a driver license and a credit card. 
         [0086]    Optionally, information extracted from identity document is used for retrieving other information associated with the identity of the document holder. Optionally part of extracted information, for example name, family name or identity number is used as key words to perform a search for retrieving other information associated with the document holder such as credit history, etc. The search may be performed in databases stored locally in the processing unit, or in remote databases or both. 
         [0087]    Optionally extracted information is used to augment database. For example, in a store or a hotel, a database of clients or visitors may be created and augmented so the owner of the system will be able to use it as a digital database for mailing advertisement or any other information. 
         [0088]    Optionally several image frames of the same identity document may be imaged, analyzed and the extracted data be stored as one record. For example, two sides of the same identity card or several pages of a passport may be imaged sequentially. 
         [0089]    Reference is now made to  FIG. 1   b  depicting a system  150  for extracting information from an identity card using a diffused light source according to another exemplary embodiment of the invention. 
         [0090]    A digital camera  120  equipped with a lens  122  is housed in a box  110  having a transparent front face  112  and optional frame  114 . An identity card or an identity document such as a passport (not shown in this figure) is placed against the front face and is illuminated by light sources  154 . 
         [0091]    In this exemplary embodiment of the invention, light from light source  154 , shown as dashed arrows, is emitted from light source  154  and reflected by reflector  156  before arriving at the transparent front face  112 . Reflector  156  may be curved and may be made of, or painted with light diffusing material in order to achieve even illumination of the identity document. Optionally, reflector  156  may be curved. 
         [0092]    Direct optical path between light source and the identity document is optionally blocked by light baffle  158  to prevent unwanted bright spots in the image frame. 
         [0093]    Light reflector  156  is built so it does not interfere with field of view (marked as doted arrows) of camera  120 . 
         [0094]    Several light sources, light reflectors and light baffles may be housed in the same box for more even illumination. 
         [0095]    In many occasions, it is desired to image both sides of the card without having to place the card twice, each in every side. For that reason, simultaneous two-sided imaging using two cameras is employed. 
         [0096]    Reference is now made to  FIG. 3  depicting a system  300  for extracting information from both sides of an identity card  20  using two digital cameras according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention. 
         [0097]    Two digital cameras  120  each equipped with a lens  122  are housed in a box  310  having a slotted card holder  322 . An identity card  20  is inserted into slot  324  so each of its sides is against one of a transparent wall  312 . Optionally, the system is equipped with card sensor  226 . The sensor is capable of sensing if a card is placed and information can be acquired. Optionally, the system is equipped with Indicator light  116 . When the card sensor senses that a card was placed, the indicator light  116  changes its status to alert the user that data acquisition may start. The system is connected to a data processing unit  360  via communication link  126 . At least two light sources  124  are placed so both sides of the identity card can be illuminated. In this embodiment, both sides of an identity card may be imaged and analyzed at once. 
         [0098]    Optionally, light sources in this embodiment are in the configuration of  FIG. 1   a.    
         [0099]    Alternatively, the slotted card holder  322  may have opening slightly smaller than the dimensions of the identity card instead of transparent front face  312 . 
         [0100]    Optionally, one camera can be employed in a simultaneous two-sided imaging using one camera. 
         [0101]    Reference is now made to  FIG. 4  depicting an embodiment of a system  400  for extracting information from both sides of an identity card using one digital camera. A digital camera  120  equipped with a lens  122  is housed in a box  410  having a slotted face  422 . An identity card is inserted into slot  424  so each of its sides is against one of a transparent wall  412 . Optionally, the system is equipped with card sensor  426 . The sensor is capable of sensing if a card is placed and information can be acquired. Optionally, the system is equipped with Indicator light  116 . When the card sensor senses that a card was placed, the indicator light  116  changes its status to alert the user that data acquisition may start. The system is connected to a data processing unit  460  via communication link  126 . 
         [0102]    Two mirrors  414  are positioned so that reflections of both sides of the identity card are reflected towards camera  120 . 
         [0103]    At least one light source  124  is placed within the box  410  so both sides of the identity card may be illuminated. 
         [0104]    Reference is now also made to  FIG. 8 , which is a data flowchart outlining an exemplary method  800  for scanning and extracting information from an identity document using a system for extracting information from an identity card as shown in  FIG. 1  a (system  100 ),  FIG. 2  (system  200 ),  FIG. 3  (system  200 ), or  FIG. 4  (system  400 ), according to embodiments of the present invention. Preferably, method  800  for document scanning, identifying and information extraction is done in stages, as follows: 
         [0105]    Step  810 : acquiring one or more image frames of an identity document 20. 
         [0106]    An identity document 20 is disposed in position, and imaged by digital camera  120 . 
         [0107]    Step  820 : extracting a type-identifying feature of the identity document. 
         [0108]    The one or more acquired image frames are scanned and one or more document identifying features are detected and extracted. 
         [0109]    Step  830 : identifying identity document 20. 
         [0110]    Identity document  20  is identified based on the extracted one or more document identifying features. 
         [0111]    Step  840 : fetching a respective template. 
         [0112]    Based on identification of identity document 20, a respective template, such as template  600 , is extracted from a template database  162 . 
         [0113]    Step  850 : overlaying the fetched template over the image frame. 
         [0114]    The fetched template is overlaid over the image frame. The template includes known data fields disposed at a preconfigured location, wherein each data field demarcates a respective data region of the overlaid image frame. 
         [0115]    Step  855 : selecting data regions. 
         [0116]    Selecting all or predetermined data regions, the textual information is extracted from such selected data regions, whereas the OCR routines are applied only approximately within the boundaries of the selected data regions. It should be noted that the demarcated data regions are considered as suggested regions only, as images may vary in many ways, for example, due to scaling, rotational and other variations, while the templates kept in template database  162  have fixed dimensions. 
         [0117]    Step  860 : determining boundaries between text and background in the image frame, approximately within each data field of the template. 
         [0118]    Boundaries between text and background are determined, approximately within image-frame regions corresponding to each data field of the template, based on the minimum contrast between the character and other colored data on the card. 
         [0119]    Step  870 : extracting black and white glyphs. 
         [0120]    Black and white glyphs are extracted using the data of the determined boundaries. 
         [0121]    Step  880 : OCR recognizes symbols and characters. 
         [0122]    Processing unit applies OCR onto the extracted black and white glyphs, to recognize symbols and characters. 
         [0123]    Step  890 : preferably, sending the recognized symbols and characters as alphanumerical information. 
         [0124]    Preferably, the recognized symbols and characters are sent to a target receiving unit as alphanumerical information. Information extracted from the card may be sent to a remote location using communication links such as Internet, phone, fax or cellular networks. Reference is also made to  FIG. 9 , which illustrates exemplary template  600 , as shown in  FIG. 7 , overlaid over the identified image frame  50 , shown in  FIG. 6 ; and to  FIG. 10 , which illustrates an exemplary output layout  700  of data fields extracted from the scanned image frame shown in  FIG. 6 . In the example shown in  FIGS. 6 ,  9  and  10 , data field  54  identifies that the document is a passport issued by “Israel”. Data field  610  identifies the passport number as “9722972”, which data is shown as outputted in alphanumeric string  710  of layout  700 . Data field  620  identifies the owner&#39;s last name as “BEN SHAHAR”, which data is shown as outputted in alphanumeric string  720  of layout  700 . Data field  630  identifies the owner&#39;s first name as “ILAN”, which data is shown as outputted in alphanumeric string  730  of layout  700 . Data field  640  identifies the owner&#39;s citizenship being “Israeli”, which data is shown as outputted in alphanumeric string  740  of layout  700 . Data field  650  identifies the owner&#39;s picture, which data is shown as outputted in alphanumeric string  750  of layout  700 . Data field  622  identifies the owner&#39;s birth date as “10 Jan. 1962”, which data is shown as outputted in alphanumeric string  722  of layout  700 . Data field  670  identifies the issue date as “21 Feb. 2002”, which data is shown as outputted in alphanumeric string  770  of layout  700 . Data field  680  identifies the passport issuing office as “KFAR-SABA”, which data is shown as outputted in alphanumeric string  780  of layout  700 . Data field  672  identifies the expiration date as “20 Feb. 2007”, which data is shown as outputted in alphanumeric string  772  of layout  700 . It was predetermined that other data fields, such as  660 ,  662 ,  664  and  666  will not show in output layout  700 . 
         [0125]    While the invention has been described with reference to certain exemplary embodiments, various modifications will be readily apparent to and may be readily accomplished by persons skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the above teachings. 
         [0126]    It is noted that some of the above described embodiments may describe the best mode contemplated by the inventors and therefore include structure, acts or details of structures and acts that may not be essential to the invention and which are described as examples. Structure and acts described herein are replaceable by equivalents that perform the same function, even if the structure or acts are different, as known in the art. Therefore, the scope of the invention is limited only by the elements and limitations as used in the claims. The terms “comprise”, “include” and their conjugates as used herein mean “include but are not necessarily limited to”.