Abstract:
The adapter is designed to receive an outlet end ( 23 ) of the cartridge ( 20 ) and an inlet end ( 32 ) of the induction device ( 30 ), as well as a seal ( 11 ) between the two ends ( 23, 32 ). The seal ( 11 ) includes an annular transverse portion ( 53 ) intended to be interposed between the two ends ( 23, 32 ) and the material of the seal ( 11 ) is selected from the group consisting of compressible and flexible materials.

Description:
RELATED APPLICATIONS 
     The present application is a National Phase entry of International Application Number PCT/IB2005/001415, filed May 24, 2005, which claims priority from, French Application Numbers 0405605, filed May 25, 2004 and 0407208, filed Jun. 30, 2004, the disclosures of which are hereby incorporated by reference herein in their entirety. 
     TECHNICAL FIELD 
     This invention relates to gas fastening apparatus, the gas contained in a cartridge being injected into the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine by a gas induction device, a priori, a solenoid valve. 
     The invention relates more particularly to the mounting of the solenoid valve on the gas cartridge. 
     BACKGROUND 
     Both EP 98402916.5 and EP 01402614.0 provide for the mounting of the solenoid valve on the cartridge by means of an adapter. The adapter is designed to receive the two ends of the cartridge and of the solenoid valve, to both of which pressure has to be applied in order to allow for the transfer of gas from the cartridge to the solenoid valve, as well as a seal between the two. 
     Problems of two kinds may arise with either of the arrangements of the two documents mentioned hereinabove. 
     The seal may expand and become jammed on the outlet end of the cartridge. In this case, if the cartridge is removed when it is not yet empty, the gas will escape. It will be noted that, when the cartridge is not empty, it is quite easy to remove the cartridge by virtue of the temporary escape of the gas, which ejects it from its housing. 
     However, when the cartridge is empty, it may be difficult to grip it by its base and remove it from its housing. 
     Adapting the solenoid valve to a gas cartridge moreover involves a lot of components. Even if the dimensions of each of these components comply with the high tolerance limits, taken as a whole, problems may arise with mounting. Thus, if an annular groove is provided on the cartridge adapter, intended to receive locking means, as instructed by EP 01402614.0, correct mounting of the cartridge in its housing with locking of the adapter may be rendered impossible, with the cartridge not being held in its housing. 
     Conversely, the cartridge may be placed in its housing, but the series of dimensions is such that it is impossible to slide the end of the cartridge sufficiently for the gas to escape as the impact stroke is insufficient. 
     SUMMARY 
     The aim of this invention is to solve these problems. 
     The invention therefore relates to a connecting adapter designed to be mounted on a gas cartridge and on the gas induction device of a gas fastening apparatus and to receive, on the one hand, an outlet end of the cartridge and an inlet end of the induction device and, on the other hand, a seal between the two ends, characterised in that the seal includes an annular transverse portion intended to be interposed between the two ends and the material of the seal is selected from the group consisting of compressible and flexible materials. 
     When the cartridge is to be removed from its housing, even if it is empty, the resilience of the material of the transverse portion of the seal begins the ejection of the cartridge. In any event, irrespective of whether it is a compressible or flexible material, the nature of the material of the seal makes it possible to compensate for dimensional errors and to always allow the cartridge to be mounted in the apparatus and to ensure the impact stroke of the outlet end of the cartridge and therefore the transfer of the gas from the cartridge to the induction device of the fastening apparatus. 
     Expanded polystyrene is a possible compressible material. An elastomer material is a very suitable flexible material. 
     In order to prevent the seal from becoming jammed in the adapter as a result of deformation and keeping the end of the cartridge in the discharge position, in the preferred embodiment of the adapter of the invention, the seal is disposed in a sleeve of rigid material for maintaining the shape of the seal, advantageously mounted to move in the adapter. 
     This application of course also relates to any gas fastening apparatus provided with the adapter and to any gas cartridge or any gas induction device of a gas fastening apparatus provided with the adapter. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       The invention will be more readily understood with the aid of the following description of an assembly consisting of a solenoid valve and a gas cartridge with the adapter of the invention, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: 
         FIG. 1  is a view of the solenoid valve and of the cartridge provided with the adapter shown in axial section, before it is mounted on the solenoid valve; 
         FIG. 2  is a view similar to that of  FIG. 1 , during mounting on the solenoid valve, and 
         FIG. 3  is a view similar to those of  FIGS. 1 and 2 , after mounting on the solenoid valve. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     A fastening apparatus for fastening elements having a piston driven by compressed gas comprises an internal combustion engine comprising a combustion chamber intended to be supplied with compressed gas from a gas cartridge  20  in order to drive the piston for driving fastening elements. 
     In the particular example of the description, the connecting adapter is intended to connect a solenoid valve  30  for the admission of the compressed gas into the combustion chamber of the fastening apparatus and the compressed gas cartridge  20 . 
     The cartridge  20  of generally cylindrical shape is provided in an internal casing with the compressed gas in the liquid state and between the internal casing and an external casing  22  with a propellant. A circular edge  21  forms a continuation of the external cylindrical wall of the cartridge  20  at one of the ends of the latter. A male outlet end  23  connected to the internal casing projects from the cartridge by means of a base  24  situated in the centre of the circle described by the edge  21 . 
     The solenoid valve  30  of generally cylindrical shape is provided at one of its ends with an inlet end  32  connected in the interior of the solenoid valve to an outlet end (not shown) projecting from a head  37  at the other end of the solenoid valve. 
     The inlet end  32  is in this case a male end. 
     The adapter  1  is a seal holder intended to receive the male outlet end  23  of the cartridge  20  and the male inlet end  32  of the solenoid valve  30 . The adapter  1 , made in one piece from plastic, includes a plane supporting base  2 , in this case circular, supporting the chamber  3  for housing a seal  11  and a sleeve  19 , open at both ends and extending along an axis  15  perpendicular to the supporting base  2  on one side of the latter. The free end edge  4  of the chamber  3  is folded down at a right angle towards the interior of the chamber  3  and forms an opening for the passage of the inlet end  32  of the solenoid valve  30 , having a cross section substantially equal to that of the end  32 . 
     Fastening legs  5 ,  6  connected to the supporting base  2  at one of their ends and in this case symmetrical in relation to axial planes extend along parallel planes perpendicular to the supporting base  2  on the side opposite that of the chamber  3 . The spacing of the legs  5 .  6  is substantially equal to the internal diameter of the edge  21  of the fuel cartridge  20 . The legs  5 ,  6  are moreover each provided at their free ends with a boss intended to engage with the internal wall of the edge  21 . 
     The chamber  3  of the adapter  1  is provided on its exterior close to the edge  4  with a plurality of ramps £ 8  and close to the supporting base  2  with a plurality of ribs  34 . The ramps £&amp; and the ribs  34  form between them an annular hooking groove  40  for a locking mechanism with hooks  41 ,  42 , as instructed by the document EP 01402614.0. 
     The seal  11  has a generally tubular shape with annular sealing lips  51 ,  52  at both ends. It includes an annular transverse portion  53  forming a passage  54  and giving the seal an H-shaped axial section. The seal  11  is in this case made of a relatively flexible elastomer material. 
     The seal  11  is mounted in the interior of the rigid sleeve  19 . It is also a tubular component provided on the side of the cartridge  20  with an internal annular retaining flange  55  for the seal  11 . The external diameter of the sleeve  19  is substantially equal to the internal diameter of the chamber  3  of the adapter. Its internal diameter is substantially equal to the external diameter of the seal  11 . The internal axial length of the sleeve  19  between its edge  56  and its flange  55  is substantially equal to the axial length of the seal  11 . Its external axial length is smaller than that of the chamber  3  so that it can slide freely inside the chamber. 
     The connection between the inlet end  32  of the solenoid valve  30  and the outlet end  23  of the gas cartridge  20  will now be described. 
     In order to mount the adapter on the cartridge  20 , the fastening legs  5 ,  6  are inserted into the edge  21  of the cartridge  20 . The bosses of the legs  5 ,  6  are hooked and clipped on to the internal wall of the edge  21 . When the adapter is fastened to the cartridge  20 , the outlet end  23  of the cartridge  20  is guided by the bevelled flange  55  of the sleeve  19  into the seal  11  on one side of the transverse portion  53 . 
     The adapter  1  is then slid over the male inlet end  32  of the solenoid valve, guided by the edge  4 , the end engaging in the seal  11  on the other side of the transverse portion  53 . 
     The adapter  1  is finally mounted on the cartridge  20  and on the solenoid valve  30  by relative translational movements of the three elements. 
     When the adapter engages with the inlet end  32  of the solenoid valve  30 , the ramps  58  pass the locking hooks  41  ,  42  which are received in the groove  40  irrespective of the tolerance errors, as the latter can be compensated for by the spring action of the transverse portion  53  of the seal  11  which can thus be compressed as a result of its elasticity, as shown in  FIG. 3 . Once the ramps  58  of the adapter have passed the locking hooks  41  ,  42 , the two ends  23 ,  32  are perfectly engaged in the seal  11  in the pushed-back discharge and intake positions, bearing against the transverse portion  53 , the edge  4  of the chamber  3  of the adapter being engaged on a bottom sleeve  57  of the inlet end  32  having an enlarged diameter. 
     Once the cartridge  20  has been used and is empty, the resilience of the transverse portion  53  of the seal  11  triggers its removal from the housing of the apparatus. 
     If, for some reason, it is desired to remove it from its housing before it is empty, although the sealing force of the scaling lips  51 ,  52  is high, the seal  11  will remain held in the adapter  1  by the sleeve  19  and the outlet end  23  will resume its closing position prior to mounting; 
     The seal  11  is mounted within the sleeve  19 . It could be interesting to mounting it therein to form an assembly in one piece. Securing one to the other could be achieved by gluing, welding, ultra-sounds, biomaterial injection, moulding, etc.