Abstract:
An aquatic garment carries a safety light and circuit attached to the garment so that it may not be detached without damage. The circuit times an interval in response to change of state of an acceleration switch. The circuit causes the light to light at least once during said interval.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION  
         [0001]    This invention relates to a light and control circuit therefor and to the manner of attaching this to an aquatic garment so that the light will signal the presence in the water of the wearer of the garment.  
         BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION  
         [0002]    The invention includes a timing circuit which determines a timed interval and controls the connection between the battery and the light during the timed interval. The timing circuit may be selected and designed to cause the light to flash ON and OFF in a predetermined sequence during the timed interval. The circuit can also be designed so that the light is continuously ON for a period during the timed interval.  
           [0003]    Preferably the light, battery and circuit elements, other than water sensing probes and their leads, are encapsulated to avoid water contamination. Two leads connect the encapsulated circuitry to the sensing probes as hereinafter described.  
           [0004]    Means are provided for permanently attaching the light and control circuit, preferably at a location where the light is exteriorly visible over a wide range. Preferably the water sensing probes are located on the aquatic garment to be submerged when the garment is worn in normal attitudes of the wearer.  
           [0005]    The light and control circuit are permanently attached to the garment.  
           [0006]    By “permanently attached” in the disclosure and claims  1  mean, so attached that the light and control circuit may not be detached without damage to themselves or the garment.  
           [0007]    Any light may be used but I find that a light emitting diode (‘LED’) is the brightest and most efficient. Where a light (LED or otherwise) is referred to herein a plurality of lights or LED&#39;s respectively may be used. Where a preferred or specific position or mounting is given for a light, one of a plurality may be in the preferred or specific position or mounting and the remainder elsewhere.  
           [0008]    The preferred arrangement of the light, circuitry and probes has the light and all circuit elements, but the probes and the leads thereto encapsulated, with the light located and oriented on the garment to be normally above the water level when said garment is worn by the wearer in the water. The water sensing probes are preferably located to be immersed in water in normal attitude when the garment is worn.  
           [0009]    The preferred means of permanently attaching the light and control circuit members is to respectively pair such members with backing plates. One of the member and its backing plate is provided with a barb, the other with a socket which will receive the barb but not release it. Thus the member and the backing plate are permanently attached by pressing the barb through the garment fabric into the counterpart member&#39;s socket. It is then permanently attached.  
           [0010]    By ‘barb’ I include, in addition to those of conventional design, a cone or other projection having a free end shaped to penetrate fabric of the garment, and to widen away from the free end to provide a surface or surfaces facing away from the penetration end to resist the withdrawal of the  
           [0011]    Alternative means of ‘permanent attachment’ includes stitching or stapling or both. 
       
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWING  
       [0012]    [0012]FIG. 1 shows a light and control circuit for application to a life jacket,  
         [0013]    [0013]FIG. 2 substantially demonstrates a preferred mode of attachment of the light and control circuit to a life jacket,  
         [0014]    [0014]FIG. 3 shows the light and control circuit as attached to the life jacket,  
         [0015]    [0015]FIG. 4 shows the preferred control circuit, and  
         [0016]    [0016]FIG. 5 shows a modification for the circuit of FIG. 4.  
         [0017]    [0017]FIG. 1 shows the physical arrangement of the invention. 
     
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION  
       [0018]    An aquatic garment  11  is shown. The light  26 , in a protective lens  65 , control circuit  67  (excluding the probes and fastener  54 ) and battery  12  are encapsulated as a body  69  and attached to the shoulder near the top. The body  69  is, with backing member  50 , fastened to the garment, where the barbs  52  projecting from backing member  50  are received in sockets in the unit  69  designed to permanently retain barbs  50 . The preferred top of shoulder location for the light  26  (see FIG. 3) makes it visible over a wide angle.  
         [0019]    The leads  42  preferably extend forwardly from the encapsulated body  69  and down the inside of the garment and are preferably anchored in place at a stabilizing fastener  54  fastened by a probe projecting from backing member  56  comprising a barb  55  passing through garment  11  into a socket (not shown) in fastener  54 . The leads  42  continue from fastener  54  downward to a position at the bottom of the garment extending into the backing plate  43  which mounts the water sensing probes  44  and  46 . The probes are two narrowly spaced and are each connected to a different one of the leads  42  and exposed for contact with the ambient water.  
         [0020]    The backing plate  43  which forms a mounting for the water sensing probes is permanently fastened in place on the jacket fabric, preferably by the provision of socket  62  which receives the outer ends of barb point  64  extending through the garment fabric from backing member  63 .  
         [0021]    Each set of barbed points and their sockets require a small degree of resilience to achieve their fastening action. We prefer to make material defining sockets and backing plates out of moldable plastic. We prefer to use Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) or an acrilonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) copolymer but most moldable plastics will do. Members  54  and  55 ,  62  and  64  may be made of metal which may be stronger and more durable. Members  62  and  64 , if metal, must of course be insulated from the probes  44  and  46 .  
         [0022]    The main unit  67  preferably contains, encapsulated: the light  26 , covered by a protective lens  65  and the integrated circuit and the circuit elements shown in FIG. 4.  
         [0023]    In the circuit  67  the circuit elements are not shown in detail in FIG. 4, but merely schematically. The body  69  is arranged to hold an LED  26  embedded in a lens of transparent plastic  65 . Preferably the inside surface of the transparent plastic is provided with reflecting backing (not shown) to reflect the light from the LED and the outer surface of the transparent plastic is shaped to deflect and cause the light to radiate over a wide angle about the LED. The battery, circuit elements and connections therefore as shown in the schematic, are located beneath the LED, and are all protected by the encapsulation except the two leads  42  which go to the spaced probes  44  and  46  making up the water switch, and the spaced probes.  
         [0024]    In an alternative arrangement to FIG. 3, (alternative not shown) with the light again affixed to the shoulder and upwardly facing, leads  42  are led inside the jacket and down the inside and rear (not shown) of the garment to a probe location normally below the water level when the jacket is worn. This is, in some alternatives the best mode of using the invention.  
         [0025]    In the circuit of FIG. 4 the battery  12  is connected to actuate the timing circuit IC at the latter&#39;s terminal  4 . To this end the positive terminal of battery  12  (usually 3 volts) is connected through the emitter-collector circuit of PNP transistor  22 , and acceleration switch  10  to IC terminal  4 . Acceleration switch  10  may be a mercury switch, ball and cylinder switch or other acceleration switch. I prefer to use a spring switch such as one of those shown in U.S. Pat. No. 5,408,764 to WUT Siu B. or U.S. Pat. No. 5,599,088 to CHIEN Tseng L.  
         [0026]    Acceleration switches as referred to herein are understood to change state responsive to one of either positive or negative acceleration.  
         [0027]    The water switch comprises a gap between probes  44  and  46 . When probes  44  and  46  are in the water the water conducts between the probes and lowers the base of PNP transistor  18  to that of instrument ground  20 . Emitter-collector conduction in transistor  18  lowers the base of transistor  22  and thus conduction takes place through the emitter-collector of  22  from the positive of battery  12  to the acceleration switch  10 . If the acceleration switch closes, when battery  12  is connected thereto, terminal  4  of the integrated circuit IC is caused to go positive, the resultant voltage change from 0-3 volts or binary 0-1 change at terminal  4 , creates SET condition in the integrated circuit which causes pin  7  to go negative. This transition creates conduction in the emitter-collector circuit of transistor  24  which connects battery positive on line  71  to LED  26  to illuminate it. After a timed interval determined by the time constant of capacitor  28  and resistor  30  the integrated circuit is returned to RESET condition so that terminal  7  returns to a positive condition and stops conduction in transistor  24  and thus turns off the LED  26 . The LED will remain off until there is a new negative to positive transition at terminal  4 .  
         [0028]    Any other acceleration switch may be substituted for switch  10 . A mercury switch may be used although some people consider them environmentally hazardous. Preferred is the spring switch referred to earlier. It is noted that if the acceleration switch  10  should happen to be closed when the probes  44  and  46  are thrust in water, terminal  4  will go positive and initiate a timing cycle in the integrated circuit and turn on the LED for the requisite time interval. Thus conduction in switch  10  during conduction between probes  44  and  46  will initiate the timed interval in accord with IC operation. A timed interval in progress will not be affected by a positive transition at IC terminal  4 .  
         [0029]    If desired the simple LED  26  connected across the terminals  32 - 34  may be replaced with an integrated circuit  36  with an LED  26 A connected across circuit  36 &#39;s output at terminals  32  and  34  as shown in FIG. 5. Thus the integrated circuit  36  may be programmed to produce a patterned flashing during the timed interval in accord with the program in the circuit.  
         [0030]    Resistors  38  and  40  are part of the means for operating the circuit and are well known to those skilled in the art.  
         [0031]    Preferred values for the circuitry of FIG. 4 are as follows:  
         [0032]    IC—INTEGRATED CIRCUIT #RR8503 MC 14528  
         [0033]    [0033] 24 —TRANSISTOR #2N3906  
         [0034]    [0034] 18 —TRANSISTOR #2N3906  
         [0035]    [0035] 22 —TRANSISTOR #2N3906  
         [0036]    [0036] 28 —CAPACITOR 0.47 uF at 30V  
         [0037]    [0037] 12 —BATTERY 3 V  
         [0038]    [0038] 26 —LIGHT SOURCE (LED)  
         [0039]    [0039] 10 —SWITCH (SPRING)  
         [0040]    [0040] 30 —RESISTOR 1 MEGOHM ⅛ w  
         [0041]    [0041] 38 —RESISTOR 1 MEGOHM ⅛ w  
         [0042]    [0042] 40 —RESISTOR 1 MEGOHM ⅛ w  
         [0043]    The acceleration switch may be mercury, if there are no environmental objections. Another motion responsive switch may be used if desired—such as a reed switch as shown in U.S. Pat. No. 5,422,628 or a roller switch as shown in U.S. Pat. No. 5,622,422 or the preferred spring switch previously referred to.  
         [0044]    The circuit as shown in FIG. 4 will give a constant light for the duration of conduction in transistor  26  as determined by the RC constants  30  and  28 .  
         [0045]    However if it is preferred to have a flashing light to a steady light, a suitable circuit such as  36  shown in FIG. 5 may be connected across terminals  32  and  34  instead of the LED  26  of FIG. 2. With chip  36  connected across terminals  32  and  34  the output of chip  36  is connected across LED  26 A and causes the LED  26 A to flash in accord with the chip programming for the illumination interval, that here coincides with the duration of conduction in transistor  24 .  
         [0046]    Either LED  26  or  26 A may be replaced by two or more LED&#39;s. Multiple LED&#39;s may be switched on and off and display a pattern or patterns determined by the chip.  
         [0047]    The chip  36  is preferably a dedicated chip and may be obtained from Hua Ko Electronics Co. Ltd., 9 Dai Shen Street, Tai Po Industrial Estate, Tai Po N.T., Hong Kong.  
         [0048]    The light does not have to be an LED although LED&#39;s are believed to be the most efficient and long lasting and operate well on the 3 volt power source proposed. A larger battery or multiple batteries may be used if needed to power up the light source or for longer life.  
         [0049]    In the circuit shown in FIG. 4 the timed interval is normally initiated by the closing of the acceleration switch. However it is equally possible, with the invention to use a circuit where the timed interval starts with the opening of an acceleration switch.  
         [0050]    The latter mode of operation is well known and an example is shown in U.S. Pat. No. 5,903,103 to M. C. Garner. In Garner the circuit for detecting the opening of the acceleration switch can be in the form of a resistor-capacitor circuit differentiation which produces spikes of voltage whose polarity depends on whether the switch is being opened or closed. A peak detector then senses the polarity of the signal from the differentiation and triggers the light or intermittent or sequential flashing circuit and, in the example given, when the signal indicates switch opening. With a circuit which is triggered by acceleration switch opening, as in the circuit of Garner, the water switch probes and the associated circuitry and transistors may not be in series with the acceleration switch because if the probes were in the water, taking the probes out of the water might be mistaken by the circuit for the opening of the acceleration switch. Thus, with a circuit which triggers the illumination on switch opening, the probes and associated transistors and circuitry must control the light from another location, a choice available to those skilled in the art. With the latter mode of operation, the probes are however located to be normally in the water when the garment is worn; and connected to prevent illumination when out of the water.  
         [0051]    Other circuits for timing an interval responsive to an acceleration switch change of state may be used instead of the circuit of FIG. 4. Such circuits preferably will ignore a change of state occurring during an interval in progress.  
         [0052]    With the garment worn by the wearer in the water, his presence is evidenced by the light which should flash under ordinary wave motion even if the wearer is otherwise still or unconscious.  
         [0053]    In another application of the invention, a group of swimmers equipped with some form of the invention may have lights of different colors so that they may be identified from a distance. As well as different colors the lights of a group of swimmers could be individually programmed to flash different signals, i.e. a long and a short flash for one and a short and two long flashes for another, and so on.  
         [0054]    It will be noted that the encapsulated light and battery is worn by a person who is under the water the light will flash showing the location of the swimmer to anyone searching for him.  
         [0055]    If desired the method of attaching the unit and water switch to the aquatic garment by barbed members may be replaced with other means of permanent attachment which may include sewing and stapling.  
         [0056]    The circuitry operated by the water switch may be adjusted to take into account changes from fresh to salt water.