Abstract:
According to the invention, in order to be able to design a gas generator, in particular, for belt tighteners, with a slim housing ( 1 ), the electrical coupling is brought about via connection wires ( 4 ), pins or cables ( 4   a ) which are introduced into the housing ( 1 ) via a stopper ( 5 ) and are sealed by the latter. The stopper ( 5 ) is surrounded sealingly by the housing ( 1 ) itself or a holder element ( 6 ) sealingly connected to the housing.

Description:
[0001]    This application is a continuation of application Ser. No. 09/142,207, filed Feb. 23, 1999. 
     
    
     
       BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION  
         [0002]    The invention relates to a gas generator, in particular for belt tighteners.  
           [0003]    Pressure elements for use in belt tighteners of motor vehicles are known from DE 43 07 774 A1. Buckle tighteners or belt-roller winders are generally understood by the term belt tighteners. These pressure elements, called gas generators in the following, consist of a housing in which are arranged, inter alia, a propellent charge for generating a pressure gas and an igniter. In addition, in order to improve the ignition, it is also possible to provide a propagation charge between the igniter and propellent charge. The igniter or igniting element is provided with a socket. The housing embraces this socket or an additional portion and presses it in a sealing manner against the housing wall. A plug is plugged into the socket from the outside for the purposes of electrical coupling. Thus, the igniter is electrically connected by way of the plug to a control unit located outside the gas generator.  
           [0004]    It is also known to integrate in the plug a form of protection against electromagnetic action.  
           [0005]    A disadvantage of this pressure element or gas generator is the comparatively great outlay that is required for its assembly. The use of a socket/plug combination limits the minimum diameter of the gas generator.  
         SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION  
         [0006]    The underlying object of the invention is to develop further a gas generator in such a way that it can be produced with a small diameter.  
           [0007]    According to the invention this object is achieved  
           [0008]    by having the electrical coupling take place by way of connecting wires, or pins, or cables which are inserted into the housing by way of a stopper and which are sealed by the latter, and  
           [0009]    by having the stopper surrounded in a sealing  5  manner by the housing itself or by a holding element which is connected to the housing in a sealing manner.  
           [0010]    The use of connecting wires or pins, or cables, which are inserted into the interior of the housing by way of a stopper, substantially simplifies the sealing of the gas generator, since the stopper is, at the same time, used for sealing purposes.  
           [0011]    The stopper preferably consists of a synthetic rubber or plastics material. Examples of materials are styrene-butadiene-rubber (SBR), acrylonitrile rubber (NBR) or fluorinated rubber (FPM). The connection of the stopper with the housing is effected by suitable measures, such as crimping, adhesion or potting. Crimping has proved to be particularly advantageous.  
           [0012]    The stopper is preferably pushed, sprayed or vulcanized onto the connecting wires or pins or the cable.  
           [0013]    Advantageously, electronic components or a printed circuit board can be arranged in the interior of the housing as connecting elements or as a connecting element between the igniter and the connecting wires or pins. Suitable electronic components or active or passive circuit arrangements can be arranged on the printed circuit board in order to bring about protection against electromagnetic action. Likewise, the electronic connecting element can be formed as a switch or a safety element.  
           [0014]    In an alternative advantageous embodiment, the igniter is directly connected to the connecting wires or pins. In this connection it is advantageous to integrate a form of protection against electromagnetic action and/or a switch and/or a safety element in the igniter.  
           [0015]    The type of or the form of the igniter is not pre-set. Ignition caps are best suited to each case. Ignition caps in bar form or with a copper-clad pole body, which can be used to accommodate electronic components, are preferred. Ignition caps are described in DE 42 36 729 A1, for example.  
           [0016]    To protect against electrostatic phenomena, the housing advantageously has an inwardly directed channel formation in the area of the electrical supply lines as a desired spark gap. The igniter is advantageously embedded in an insulating sleeve or in a protective tube. In addition to protecting the igniting material from electrostatic discharges, in this way no damage as a result of vibrations results at the igniter. This applies especially to ignition caps.  
           [0017]    In order to be able to configure the guiding of the connecting wires or pins or the cable in a variable manner, in a preferred embodiment a cable guide is arranged at the end face of the gas generator at which the connecting wires or pins or the cable are inserted. This cable guide is advantageously sprayed thereon or fusion-cast.  
           [0018]    Furthermore, the housing suitably has predetermined breaking points either on the base or on the housing wall.  
       
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS  
       [0019]    Further features of the invention follow from the figures which are described in the following and in which:  
         [0020]    [0020]FIG. 1 shows, in section, a preferred embodiment of a gas generator in accordance with the invention that is of an extremely slender structural design;  
         [0021]    [0021]FIG. 2 shows, in section, an alternative embodiment with a special holding element;  
         [0022]    [0022]FIG. 3 shows an embodiment, which is similar to that of FIG. 1, with a cable guide set thereon;  
         [0023]    [0023]FIG. 4 shows diagrammatically the printed circuit board with a coil;  
         [0024]    [0024]FIG. 5 shows diagrammatically the printed circuit board with a capacitor;  
         [0025]    [0025]FIG. 6 shows diagrammatically the printed circuit board with an active or a passive circuit arrangement; and  
         [0026]    [0026]FIG. 7 shows, in section, an alternative embodiment with an electronic component as a connecting element between the igniter and the connecting wires or pins. 
     
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT  
       [0027]    [0027]FIG. 1 shows a gas generator in accordance with the invention for use with belt tighteners. The gas generator consists of a cylindrical housing  1 . Arranged at one end face is a propellent charge  3  which generates pressure gas after ignition by means of an igniter  2 . A booster charge or propagation charge can also be provided upstream of the propellent charge  3 . The propellent charge can consist, for example, of nitrocellulose or a propellent which does not contain carbon monoxide, such as known, for example, from EP 0 519 485 A1.  
         [0028]    The igniter  2 , here an ignition cap, which projects into an insulating sleeve  15 , is located upstream of the propellent charge  3 . The electrical connecting bars  16  of the igniter  2  are connected to, for example soldered onto, a printed circuit board  7 . Connecting wires  4  of an electrical cable  4   a  are soldered onto said printed circuit board at the side of the printed circuit board  7  opposite the connecting bars  16 . The printed circuit board  7  is accordingly used as a connecting element between the igniter  2  and the connecting wires  4  or the cable  4   a .  
         [0029]    These connecting wires  4  or the cable  4   a  are guided out of the housing  1  at an end face. Sealing is effected by way of a stopper  5  through which the connecting wires  4  or the cable  4   a  are/is guided. The stopper  5  completely fills up the end face of the housing  1 . Securing is effected by crimping  11  at various points.  
         [0030]    A defined break-up of the generator is possible either as a result of predetermined breaking points  14   a  on the base or as a result of predetermined breaking points  14   b  in the housing wall.  
         [0031]    Located in the area of the electrical connecting wires in the housing  1  there is an inwardly directed, annular channel formation  12 . This channel formation  12  is used as protection against electrostatic phenomena, if the housing  1  is advantageously made of metal.  
         [0032]    Protection against electromagnetic action is advantageously provided on the printed circuit board (see FIGS.  4 - 6 ).  
         [0033]    [0033]FIG. 2 shows an alternative embodiment of the gas generator in accordance with the invention. The igniter  2 , here likewise an ignition cap, is embedded in a holding element  6 . This holding element  6  is sealed in relation to the housing  1  by way of a sealing ring  17 . A stopper  5 , through which the cable  4   a  is guided, is embedded in the holding element  6  in a manner analogous to that of the embodiment in accordance with FIG. 1.  
         [0034]    Individual wires, composite wires, cable conductors or a whole variety of cable designs are meant by the term connecting wires or pins or cables.  
         [0035]    The stopper  5  in this embodiment is accordingly surrounded in a sealing manner by the holding element  6 . The connection is again achieved by crimping  11 . As in the embodiment in accordance with FIG. 1, here, too, a printed circuit board  7  is provided as a connecting element between the cable  4   a  or the connecting wires  4  and the connecting laminae  16 . Again a propellent charge  3  is introduced above the igniter  2 . A predetermined breaking point  14   a  ensures that there is a defined break-up of the housing  1 .  
         [0036]    [0036]FIG. 3 shows a similar embodiment to that shown in FIG. 1, but a cable guide  13  is provided at the end face of the housing  1 , where the cable  4   a  is inserted. It is also possible to insert the cable  4   a  into the housing  1  at a given angle with the aid of this cable guide  13 , 90° being shown as an example in FIG. 3. The cable guide  13  can, for example, be plugged, adhered or sprayed thereon. The cable guide  13  can additionally be used as strain reliever.  
         [0037]    [0037]FIGS. 4, 5,  6  show, in each case in a diagrammatic manner, the printed circuit board  7  with connecting wires  4  and igniter  2  soldered thereon. In FIG. 4 a coil  8 , in FIG. 5 a capacitor  9  and in FIG. 6 an active or passive circuit arrangement  10  is arranged on the printed circuit board  7  as EMC-protection. This active or passive circuit arrangement  10  can also be used for other purposes rather than just for the purpose of protecting against electromagnetic action; for example, as a switch or a safety element.  
         [0038]    Electronic components can be arranged in the interior of the housing as a connecting element or as connecting elements between the igniter and the connecting wires or pins. FIG. 7 shows such a structure in which the igniter  2 , e.g., an ignition cap, projects into the insulating sleeve  15  and is located upstream of the propellant charge  3 . The electrical connecting bars  16  of the igniter  2  are connected to the connecting wires  4  via an electronic component, e.g., a coil  7 ′.