Abstract:
Most of the time, the disclosed plant husbandry and food preparation apparatus encloses a garden plant, such that the plant is protected on all sides from animals. It may comprise a planter in which the plant is grown, a cage that is attached to the lip of the planter, and a dome containing apertures, which is seated atop the cage. The seated dome may be opened, while the dome is still attached to the cage, allowing the gardener to harvest produce. The opened dome is configured for use as a receptacle into which the harvested produce is deposited. The dome is also configured to be effortlessly detachable from the remainder of the apparatus, so that produce within it may be conveniently transported and rinsed. The dome may also be configured to serve as a strainer/steamer basket and as support for an auxiliary irrigation and/or animal deterrence system.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
       [0001]    The present disclosure relates generally to the field of plant husbandry and to the preparation of food for consumption. It relates more specifically to covers that protect plants, to receptacles into which fruits and vegetables are harvested, to kitchen tools for the rinsing and/or cooking of produce, to the irrigation of cultivated plants, and to the deterrence of nuisance wildlife. 
         [0002]    The invention that is disclosed here is intended to be used by home gardeners, who grow outdoor plants such as tomatoes, peppers, basil, rosemary, etc. Their gardening may be made difficult or unproductive due to the presence of pests, including nuisance animals that eat or damage the fruits, vegetables or leaves of plants in the garden. Examples of such animal pests include deer, gophers, mice, opossums, rabbits, raccoons, rats, skunks, squirrels, voles, birds, and snakes. Roaming dogs and cats may also be a problem for the gardener, despite the fact that they may also scare away wildlife that is causing a problem. The present invention is intended particularly to address problems associated with those types of animal pests, but it may also be useful in protecting garden plants against insect pests as well. 
         [0003]    Many methods have been used to control nuisance animals in the garden. The animals may be trapped or otherwise eradicated. The animals may be repelled using scent repellants. Visual and/or auditory devices may also be employed to scare the animals away from the garden. 
         [0004]    It is also possible to protect garden plants by erecting a structure that prevents the nuisance animals from approaching the plants. Fencing may be used, including electrified fences. However, fences may be expensive and may not be a barrier to animals that can burrow under, climb over, or fly over the fence. 
         [0005]    A better approach is to more completely surround individual plants or plant beds with enclosures that protect the plants on many sides. A traditional method is to place a cloche onto the ground over the plant. The cloche resembles an inverted basket or a bell. It may contain apertures and may be made of different materials, such as bamboo, chicken-wire, plastic, aluminum, or glass. Depending on the size of the cloche apertures, the cloche may protect the plant not only from wildlife, but also from frost, wind-chill, and overexposure to the sun. However, a determined animal pest or heavy wind may be able to knock the cloche over to expose the plant, and it does not block animals or insects that burrow. 
         [0006]    Cages have also been used to protect plants. Conventional tomato cages are used primarily to provide mechanical support to branches of the tomato plant, but when the plant is young and does not have branches that need such support, the cage will nevertheless provide some protection from wildlife, depending on the spacing of hoops and rods on the cage. However, other types of cages have been described that provide a more dedicated protection against wildlife. Examples include the cages shown in FIGS. 11 and 12 of U.S. Pat. No. 6,976,334, entitled Outdoor planter system, to BOWDITCH; U.S. Pat. No. 1,739,426, entitled Plant protector, to STRIPLING; U.S. Pat. No. 3,803,759, entitled Plant growth promoting and protecting device, to HEINECKE; U.S. Pat. No. 4,160,340, entitled Plant protection device, to LEVETT; U.S. Pat. No. 4,392,326, entitled Plant shelter, to BORIA; and U.S. Pat. No. 8,935,879, entitled Plant cage kit, to FALK. 
         [0007]    The cages known in the art are ordinarily placed over a plant growing in the ground, as with a cloche. However, cages have also been described that attach to planters or flower pots. Examples are found in U.S. Pat. No. 6,061,953, entitled Potted plant protector device, to CHUBB et al.; U.S. Pat. No. 8,186,101, entitled Live goods planter cage and container, to KURTZ; and U.S. Pat. No. 8,567,120, entitled Modular plant support structure, to DAVIS et al. But none of them were designed with the deterrence of animal pests in mind. 
         [0008]    Potted plants have also been placed within birdcages. See U.S. Pat. No. 2,914,022, entitled Bird cage, to HINTON, as well as examples of a “cage planter” manufactured by the Fuzhou Premiere Crafts Co., Ltd. as Model No. D32468, JJ002 (Third department, 10/F, Huamin Building, No. 165, Hudong Road, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China 350003); or by the Putian Newpower Arts &amp; Crafts Co., Ltd., as Model No. JY09836 (405 Hongfeng Bldg. Jiaxin Commercial Centre, Chengxiang, Putian City, Fujian Province, China 351100), which are listed and sold through Alibaba. However, the birdcage has a floor that is unnecessary unless the birdcage is being suspended, and the height of conventional birdcages limits the height of plants that can be grown within them. 
         [0009]    A problem with existing plant-protection enclosure apparatus is that they are not constructed with plant harvesting in mind. Consider that many plants may require the gardener to harvest their fruits, vegetables, or leaves frequently. After the gardener has made a periodic inspection of the plant and has determined that the plant is ready for some harvesting, the gardener must get a receptacle in which to deposit the harvested produce, remove the enclosure apparatus from the plant, harvest the produce and deposit it into the receptacle, and replace the enclosure apparatus. The gardener will then go to the kitchen with the harvested produce, transfer the produce to a colander or similar tool for rinsing the produce, and if the gardener wants to enjoy the benefit of having freshly picked produce, he or she will then have to transfer the produce yet again to other cookware. The present invention is intended to save the gardener time and effort by eliminating some of the steps recited above, or by making it easier for the gardener to perform individual steps. The invention does not address a previously recognized problem or a previously recognized design need or a previously recognized market pressure in the arts of plant husbandry or food preparation. Accordingly, recognition of the problem that is solved by the disclosed invention is itself apparently novel. 
       BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
       [0010]    The plant husbandry and food preparation apparatus that is disclosed here is used most of the time to completely enclose a growing garden plant, so that the plant is protected on all sides from pests, e.g., nuisance animals that would otherwise eat or damage fruits, vegetables or leaves of the plant. The apparatus may comprise a planter in which the garden plant is grown, a cage that is attached to lip of the planter, and a dome that is seated atop the cage. The planter, cage, and dome are firmly attached to one another so that they can be lifted, transported, or hung as a single unit; but each unit may be easily detached from its neighbor in the assembly, if necessary. Accessories, such an irrigation system and components that make noise or a water shower to frighten an animal pest, may also be incorporated into the apparatus. 
         [0011]    Occasionally, the seated dome of the apparatus is opened by the gardener, while the dome is still attached to the cage (e.g., by a hinge). The gardener is then able to reach into the cage encircling the plant, in order to harvest the plant&#39;s fruits, vegetables or leaves. Furthermore, the opened dome is configured to be suitable for use as a receptacle into which the harvested produce is deposited. And moreover, the dome is configured to be effortlessly detachable from the remainder of the apparatus, so that the harvested produce that had been placed within it may be conveniently transported and washed. 
         [0012]    The term “effortlessly detachable” is defined here (and in the claims below) to mean that the dome may be detached from the remainder of the apparatus within less than about five seconds, without the use of any tools other the gardener&#39;s hands. The dome may function as part of the plant enclosure, but the dome is also configured to function conveniently and suitably as a colander (or other type of receptacle) for the harvesting, conveyance and rinsing of harvested fruits, vegetables or leaves. In some embodiments, the dome may also serve as a strainer/steamer basket when it is suspended within a cooking pot, permitting the harvested produce to be conveniently cooked within minutes of their harvesting, with a minimum number of cooking tools. In another embodiment, the dome may support (or function as) a water-container that is used to irrigate the plant and supply a fertilizer solution, as well as serving as a water reservoir that is used to power a noise-maker and/or supply water for a shower that is intended to frighten the animal pest. 
         [0013]    In another embodiment, the plant may be growing in the ground rather than in a planter, and the invention comprises a cage that may be inserted into (or placed on) the ground around the plant, along with the dome that is described above. However, the embodiment with the planter is preferred, because the planter protects the plant from pests that may make their way into the ground, and because the apparatus with its enclosed plant may be moved, e.g., to avoid damage that may be caused by cold or other inclement weather, or to relocate the plant to a location that has optimal sunlight or other suitable growing conditions. Furthermore, commercial growers can place soil and a small plant into the planter, and then attach the cage and dome onto the planter, so that the potted and protected plant can be made available to customers at a retail garden center as a pre-potted and assembled unit. 
       INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE 
       [0014]    Hereby, all issued patents, published patent applications, and non-patent publications that are mentioned in this specification are herein incorporated by reference in their entirety for all purposes, to the same extent as if each individual issued patent, published patent application, or non-patent publication were specifically and individually indicated to be incorporated by reference. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0015]      FIG. 1  illustrates components of the invention in a preferred embodiment, including a planter, plant cage, and dome, in which the plant cage and dome have mated half-hinges that allow the cage and dome to be effortlessly attached to one another (and detached from one another). 
           [0016]      FIG. 2  illustrates the assembly and usage of the invention that was shown in  FIG. 1 . 
           [0017]      FIG. 2A  shows the invention&#39;s planter, cage, and dome assembled for use, prior to the planting of a garden plant in the planter. 
           [0018]      FIG. 2B  illustrates opening of the dome to allow the harvesting of produce from garden plants that are growing within the cage, as well as placement of that produce into the dome, with the dome being used as a produce-receptacle. 
           [0019]      FIG. 2C  shows the dome of the invention detached from the cage, illustrating use of the dome to rinse the produce. 
           [0020]      FIG. 3  illustrates one mechanism that allows the cage and dome shown in  FIGS. 1 and 2  to be effortlessly attached to (or detached from) one another. 
           [0021]      FIG. 4  illustrates irrigation of a planter according to one embodiment of the invention. 
           [0022]      FIG. 5  illustrates an embodiment of the invention in which an animal pest is deterred using a stream of water (or solution containing chemical irritants) and a noisemaker. 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
       [0023]      FIG. 1  illustrates components of the invention in a preferred embodiment, including a planter  10 , plant cage  20 , and dome  30 , in which the plant cage  20  and dome  30  have mated half-hinges that allow the cage and dome to be effortlessly attached to one another (and detached from one another). The half-hinges for the cage and dome are labeled in  FIG. 1  as  26  and  31 , respectively. In the embodiment shown here, the cage  20  comprises a pair of hoops  21  that are connected to one another by rods or bars  22 . The lower hoop defines a lower opening  24 , and the upper hoop defines an upper opening  25 . The lower opening  24  of the cage is configured to be attached circumferentially to the upper portion of the planter  10 . In  FIG. 1 , the attachment is shown to be accomplishable by inserting short rods  23  at the base of the cage  20  into holes  11  near the top of the planter  10 . Such holes  11  are also found in planters that are intended to be hung via supporting wires and are in addition to a drainage hole that is ordinarily found at the bottom of planters. Alternatively, the cage may contain clips below its lower hoop, and those clips may be connected directly to the lip of the upper portion of the planter to secure the planter and cage to one another. Alternatively, the cage may contain spikes that hook into a groove near the bottom of the inner portion of the planter. For these mechanisms of attaching the cage  20  to the planter  10 , and any similar attachment mechanisms that may be used, effortless attachability/detachability of the cage to the planter is an important and distinctive characteristic of the invention. This serves to provide easy access to the protected produce for purposes of harvesting and plant/soil care, in addition to access through the dome  30  that is described below. 
         [0024]    As indicated in  FIG. 1 , the cage contains apertures between the rods or bars  22 , the size of which are selected to block entry into the cage by nuisance animals, but also to allow for an adequate amount of ventilation and sunlight that the plant may need. The cage may be made of plastic, bamboo or wood, or other materials, in addition to (or in place of), metals such as stainless steel. In some embodiments the cage may be more complicated than the simple hoops and rods arrangement that is shown in  FIG. 1 . The rods or bars may have variable spacing, or non-rod wiring may be part of the cage (e.g., chicken-wire, screening, or netting). The cage may have a variable or adjustable height and/or circumference and/or shape. Thus, the invention contemplates variation in height, circumference, or shape throughout the growing season and variation at a given time, e.g., letting the gardener select a barrel-shaped or conical cage, in addition to a cylindrical cage. The mechanism that allows for such variability may involve a concertina-like structure, a flexible helical spring, modular cage subunits, overlapping wire sheets that allow the sheets to be secured at different amounts of overlap, nested individual cages that may be rotated and/or displaced relative to one another, and the like. 
         [0025]    The cage may comprise barbs or other items that repel animals. Accessory cage components may slip around (or attach onto) the cage shown in  FIG. 1 , such as a cylindrical screen that provides a barrier to flying insects, or an insulation sleeve or blanket that prevents cold-damage during frosty nights. Additional accessory components may be introduced within the cage to aid growth of the plant, such as rods that are inserted into the ground about the plant in order to provide mechanical support for heavy branches and fruit. 
         [0026]      FIG. 2  illustrates the assembly and use of the invention that was shown in  FIG. 1 .  FIG. 2A  shows the invention&#39;s planter, cage, and dome assembled for use, prior to the planting of a garden plant in the planter.  FIG. 2B  illustrates opening of the dome to allow the harvesting of produce from garden plants that are growing within the cage, as well as placement of that produce into the dome, with the dome being used as a produce-receptacle.  FIG. 2C  shows the dome of the invention detached from the cage, illustrating use of the dome to rinse the produce. In some embodiments, the dome may also serve as a strainer/steamer basket when it is suspended within a cooking pot, permitting the harvested produce to be conveniently cooked within minutes of their harvesting. With regard to the opening of the dome and its use to collect harvested produce, such an arrangement appears to be novel, because the prior art has heretofore only disclosed a tray for putting things next to a planter, but that tray is not attached to a cage, and it does not have the shape of a bowl (Abandoned patent application No. U.S. Ser. No. 12/384,647 having publication No. 20090194006, entitled Plant pot tray, to DUNCAN). 
         [0027]    The dome may be made of plastic, bamboo or wood, or other materials, in addition to (or in place of) metal such as stainless steel. However, the dome should be made of a non-toxic material and material that is not susceptible to corrosion. The size of apertures within the dome should be selected according to the size and shape of the fruits, vegetables, or leaves that are to be harvested. Thus, one would not use a dome having apertures that allow the harvested produce to fall through the apertures. 
         [0028]    A dome with adjustable apertures may also be used in order to accommodate the harvesting of produce having different sizes. The adjustable dome may be constructed by placing two or more nested domes like the one shown as  30  in  FIG. 1  into one another, but in which the individual domes have a relatively wide spacing for their constituent horizontal wires that run concentrically and for their constituent vertical wires that run from bottom to apex. When the individual nested domes are rotated relative to one another and clamped into place, the collective spacing between the vertical wires of the nested domes allows the gardener to select a range of aperture sizes, depending on the number of nested individual domes and the spacing of constituent wires within the individual domes. Only the outermost nested dome need be attached to the half-hinge  31  that is shown in  FIG. 1 . Furthermore, this arrangement also allows the aperture size to be different depending on whether the plant is being protected from nuisance animals (as in  FIG. 2A ), versus the dome being used as a harvested-produce receptacle ( FIG. 2B  and  FIG. 2C ). It may even allow the apertures to become completely closed, such that the dome becomes watertight, if that is a desired feature. The use of two or more rotatable nested cages (each of which is similar to the one shown as  20  in  FIG. 1 ) would also allow the apertures of the cage to be have variable sizes. The dome may also be made to have an adjustable base (bowl lip) diameter by giving it an umbrella-like structure, preferably with a short handle, that can be opened (or closed) to a preferred circumference that can be locked in place. 
         [0029]      FIG. 3  illustrates one mechanism that allows the cage and dome shown in  FIGS. 1 and 2  to be effortlessly attached to (or detached from) one another. An edge of the cage has a half-hinge  26  comprising a pin  28  that emanates from the body  27 , along which the half-hinge attaches to the cage (e.g., by welding). The pin  28  is configured to be inserted into (or removed from) a joint-hole that is within the body of a cylinder  33  in a second half-hinge  31  that is attached to the edge of the dome (e.g., by welding the body  33  or an attached leaf  34  to the dome). A stop-leaf  29  is used to limit rotation of the dome about the pin  28 . This may involve the touching of the stop-leaf  29  by another leaf  34  that is attached to the dome, or depending on the structure of the dome itself, the additional leaf  34  might not be necessary. In either case, the use of a stop allows the dome to be characterized as having a flip-top structure. 
         [0030]    Alternatively, one might create the detachable hinge by inserting a J-shaped half-hinge on the dome into a D shaped half-hinge on the cage (with the hook of the J hooked around the straight part of the D). As another alternative, the dome may have an expandable nearly-closed C-shaped spring-clip that clips onto (and is effortlessly detachable from) the upper hoop  21  of the cage shown in  FIG. 1 . In such alternate mechanisms, the range of rotation of the dome may also be limited by a leaf-stop. 
         [0031]    The cage and dome may also be effortlessly detachable from one another using a mechanism that does not involve a hinge. For example, the cage  20  in  FIG. 1  may have preferably three neighboring rods  22  that extend upwards a short distance beyond the upper hoop  21 , and the dome  30  may have holes that correspond to the positions of those rod extensions. When those holes of the dome are dropped into those rod extensions of the cage, the dome and cage will remain in the proper position relative to one another as in  FIG. 2A , which is a mechanism analogous to the insertion of the rods  23  into the planter holes  11  in  FIG. 1 . Detaching of the dome from the cage would then be accomplished simply by lifting the dome above the cage&#39;s rod extensions. If the dome is then inverted, and the dome also contains holes in the inverted position that correspond to the position of the cage&#39;s rod extensions, then the inverted dome may be attached to the cage by dropping the holes of the inverted dome onto those rod extensions. With this mechanism, the position of the dome relative to the cage may be configured to be similar to what is shown in  FIG. 2B , except that an arc of the outer perimeter of the dome slightly overlaps an arc of the outer perimeter of the cage, as defined by the location of the preferably three cage-rod extensions. This type of mechanism may be preferred if the dome has the umbrella-like structure that is mentioned above. Also, this type of mechanism may be used when the inverted dome is placed atop the cage as in  FIG. 4 . 
         [0032]    When the dome is mounted atop the cage as illustrated in  FIG. 2A , additional fasteners such as clips, snaps, or velcro strips may be used to secure the dome  30  to the cage  20 , so as to add additional integrity to the apparatus. If the fasteners also allow for the attachment of locks, security against theft will also be provided. Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment, the planter  10 , cage  20 , and dome  30  are firmly secured to one another with such fasteners so that the entire assembly may be lifted and transported, by holding any of its constituent parts. Handles may be attached to the planter  10 , cage  20 , and dome  30  to facilitate that lifting. The handle that is attached to the dome  30  would also allow the entire unit to be suspended from a hook, in the event that the gardener wanted to hang the assembled structure out of the reach of nuisance animals. The handle may also be attached to a lid that is itself attached directly or indirectly to the dome, e.g, the handle  46  shown in  FIG. 4 . For such suspended usage, one would not want to have to lower the assembled structure in order to gain access through the dome  30 , so the invention envisages the presence of a small hinged door in the cage  20  to allow the gardener to reach within the structure near the planter  10 , without lowering the assembled unit. However, such suspension of the assembled structure would have the disadvantage that it may promote drying of the contents of the planter  10 , through its drainage hole. 
         [0033]    Accessories for the apparatus shown in  FIGS. 1 and 2  include thermal cloaks to prevent frost damage, tubing for watering of the plant, lighting devices to assist growth of the plant overnight or during overcast days or indoors, and the like. The thermal cloak may be as simple as a bubble-wrap or blanket, or as complicated as double-walled greenhouse windowing that is used in conjunction with a temperature-regulated heater [e.g., U.S. Pat. No. 5,412,905, entitled Tomato green house, to ALLISON; U.S. Pat. No. 6,640,491, entitled Gardening Device, to FOX; U.S. Pat. No. 6,012,249, entitled Insulated plant cover, to CHENEY]. Many types of irrigation systems have been proposed to water garden plants automatically. Such systems are useful, for example, when a gardener will be out of town and needs to make sure that the plants will not dry out. An automatic but passive irrigation system may be incorporated into the structure of the planter  10 , as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 6,418,663, entitled Potted plant watering apparatus, to SMITH; U.S. Pat. No. 6,185,866, entitled Plant waterer apparatus, to ENFARADI; U.S. Pat. No. 8,567,123, entitled Water wick pot, to FRIESEN; and U.S. Pat. No. 9,060,472, entitled Plant container, to LI. However,  FIG. 4  shows how unique features of the presently described system can be exploited to perform irrigation, with a maximum water pressure that is significantly greater than produced by the above-mentioned systems. In that figure, the configuration of the planter  10  and cage  20  are unchanged from what is shown in  FIG. 2 , but the dome  30  is inverted and placed atop the cage  20 . A water-container  40  is then placed within the dome. In  FIG. 4 , the water-container  40  consists of a bowl  41  and a lid  45  that can cover the bowl  41 . The lid  45  may be removed using its handle  46  to allow rainwater to enter the bowl, or water may be added from a watering can or water hose. Instead of pure water, the gardener may also place into the water-container  40  solutions of garden fertilizers, compost tea, plant micro-nutrients and electrolytes, insect and fungus management solutions, and the like. Such additives should preferably correspond to the species of plant that is being gardened, the proper selection of which can be ascertained from gardening publications and horticultural societies, as well as horticulturists in a garden center or nursery, agricultural extension office, or horticultural department in a land-grant college. 
         [0034]    Unlike most other passive automatic irrigation systems, the water in the bowl  41  is significantly elevated relative to the planter  10 . The water passes through a hole  42  at the bottom of the bowl  41 , and then passes through a tube  50  until it reaches plants in the planter  10 . Thus, as indicated with the arrows in  FIG. 4 , the tube  50  will ordinarily be situated within the cage  20 . Because the water pressure increases as the height of the tube  50  increases, the maximum flow rate of water through the tube is correspondingly fast. However, once the soil in the planter  10  is moist, only a steady drip from the water reservoir in the container  40  may be necessary to keep it moist. The objective of the drip watering is to compensate for moisture in the planter that is lost through evaporation, drainage through the drainage hole of the planter, and consumption by the plants. For a fixed tube height, the drip rate may be adjusted using the flow rate adjustment apparatus  55  that is shown in  FIG. 4 . That apparatus comprises a drip chamber  56 , a roller clamp  58 , and tubing  50  that connects the chamber and clamp to the water reservoir above them and to the tubing below that goes to the planter  10 . The chamber  56  and clamp  58  are available from medical supply houses, because they are otherwise intended to be used in the intravenous drip line of a patient. 
         [0035]    Water entering the drip chamber  56  appears as a series of clearly visible drips  57 . Drip chambers are standardized as either  20  drops/mL or  60  drops/mL chambers, but the gardener should nevertheless calibrate the chamber, by counting the number of drops needed to produce a much larger measured volume. The number of drops per minute may be adjusted with the roller clamp  58 , by rolling the thumbwheel  59  so as to constrict the tubing  50  by the desired amount. Note that if the lid  45  covers the bowl  41  so tightly that the chamber within the covered bowl is effectively airtight, apart from the hole  42  at the bottom of the bowl  41 , then the dripping of fluid from the bowl  41  through the tubing  50  will create a partial vacuum within that chamber. That partial vacuum would decrease the hydrostatic pressure of the column of water within the tubing  50 , thereby slowing the dripping of fluid. Such a decrease in pressure does not occur in flexible medical drip bags because, unlike the lid  45  and bowl  41 , the drip bags are not rigid and will collapse as fluid drips from the bags. But when a rigid drip bottle is used to provide an intravenous infusion, a vent hole at the top of a drip chamber like the one shown as  56  is used to allow air to enter the bottle to prevent formation of a vacuum. Therefore, if the chamber of the covered bowl is airtight, such a drip chamber vent should be used in conjunction with the drip chamber  56 , or the lid  45  should contain a small air hole as a vent. A secondary mechanism for controlling the drip rate would be to also include an adjustable opening/closing hole area within the lid  45 , the design for which could be similar to the adjustable vent mechanism in the lid of a barbeque grill. 
         [0036]    The water drops may emerge directly from the tubing  50  into the planter, or the tubing may be directed at the end to different parts of the planter  10  using Y-shaped tubing connectors or tubing that penetrates the soil with one or several branching stems. The tubing in the soil will have holes in it so that water may be absorbed by the soil as needed. Thus, once the soil is saturated, there would be less diffusion of water into the saturated soil; and when dry, the soil would allow passage of water from the system into the soil. Such a system would keep the foliage dry and more resistant to fungi. Alternatively, the end of the tubing may be plugged using wicking material, which is shown in  FIG. 4  as  51 . The wick at the bottom of the pot would encourage growth since roots seek moisture. For example, the wicks used for candle-making, microfiber cords, and cotton rope may be used as the wicking material. Long, flexible porous materials may also be used to plug the tubing  50  in the planter  10  and distribute the water throughout the soil. 
         [0037]    Modifications to the aforementioned apparatus are also envisaged. For example, the water container  40  does not have to fit into the inverted dome, but may be any water container with an exit port that connects to the tubing  50  and that can be supported by the dome. Furthermore, if the water container  40  has the shape and dimensions of the inverted dome  30 , one could dispense altogether with the dome in this irrigation application, and place the water container  40  directly atop the cage. Other types of valves may also be used to regulate the flow of the water, and many other types of tubing or pipe may be used to transport the water from the water container  40  to the planter  10 . For example, a rigid pipe that is part of the cage  20  may be used to transport the water. The valve may also be adjusted automatically by feedback that is based on electronic measurement of the moisture of the soil within the planter. 
         [0038]    Another advantage of placing a water reservoir at the height of the dome is illustrated in  FIG. 5 . In the application that is shown there, the water reservoir serves not only as the source of water that is used to irrigate the planter, but it also may be used to deter animal pests. Thus, a water container  40  is connected to a drip chamber  56 , a thumbwheel roller clamp  58 , and tubing  50  as in  FIG. 4 , so that a plant  90  in the planter can be irrigated. But in addition, the water reservoir  40  is used to frighten an approaching animal pest, by showering the animal with water and by producing noise as a deterrent, as described below [Jason M. GILSFORF, Scott E. Hygnstrom, Kurt C. VerCauteren. Use of Frightening Devices in Wildlife Damage Management. Integrated Pest Management Reviews 1 (7, March 2002): 29-45]. 
         [0039]    The deterrent mechanism shown in  FIG. 5  is as follows. The animal pest  80  steps on an upper plate  81  that is connected by a hinge to a lower plate  82 , with the lower plate secured to the ground. The animal&#39;s depression of the upper plate  81  causes the upper plate to approach the lower plate. As a result, magnets  83  on plates  81  and  82  attach to one another, pulling firmly on the cord  84 . Pulling the cord  84  initiates a sequence of events leading to the creation of noise by a noisemaker  77  and to the release of water (possibly containing a chemical deterrent) onto the animal through the nozzle  73 , as now described in detail. Note that if the gardener wanted to water the plant quickly with more water than can be provided conveniently through the drip irrigation tubing  50 , (s)he can also deliberately pull the cord  84  and water the plant through the nozzle  73  (with the nozzle  74  closed). 
         [0040]    Ordinarily, water in the water container  40  is prevented from escaping the container  40  (apart from the drip through tubing  50 ) by a valve  60  that is in its closed state. In the valve&#39;s closed configuration, a spring  62  keeps the disk  61  of the valve  60  seated, such that the valve orifice is blocked by the disk  61 . But when outward force is applied to the stem  63  that is attached to the disk  61 , the valve opens to allow water in the water-container  40  to enter the valve and then exit through the hose  72 . That outward force may be exerted by a chain  64  that is wrapped around a sprocket wheel  65 . The force is exerted by the weight  66  when the sprocket wheel  65  is free to rotate clockwise. However, the sprocket wheel  65  would not be free to rotate clockwise in the following two circumstances, in which case the valve  60  would remain in its closed state. 
         [0041]    If the wing nut  67  is tightened against the immobile plate  68 , the sprocket wheel  65  is clamped firmly against the immobile plate  68  such that the sprocket wheel  65  cannot rotate. The gardener would usually tighten the wing nut  67  when working around the apparatus, so as to prevent the inadvertent release of water from the water-container  40 . When the gardener is finished working around the water-container  40 , (s)he would then loosen the wing nut  67  so that water can then be released, but only after the animal  80  steps on the plate  81 . The secondary mechanism that prevents water from being released makes use of the ratchet wheel  69  that is attached across its face to the face of the sprocket wheel  65 . Clockwise rotation of the ratchet wheel  69  (and therefore of the sprocket wheel  65 ) is prevented by the pawl  70  when it engages one of the ratchet&#39;s teeth, as shown in  FIG. 5 . But the pawl  70  has an arm  71  that may be pulled by the cord  84  when the animal  80  steps on the plate  81 , causing the pawl  70  to rotate in the clockwise direction. When that happens, the pawl  70  disengages from the ratchet wheel  69 , thereby allowing the sprocket wheel  65  to rotate in the clockwise direction. The weight  66  then applies its force to the chain  64 , which in turn applies the force to the stem  63  that is attached to the disk  61  of the valve  60 . That force opposes the spring  62  that would otherwise keep the disk  61  of the valve  60  seated, and because the force of the weight  66  is greater than the opposing force of the spring  62 , the valve  60  opens. 
         [0042]    Once the valve  60  opens, water from the water-container  40  enters the hose  72  and is released from nozzles  73  and  74 . The hose  72  preferably extends from the valve  60  to a position near the ground, so as to take maximum advantage of the hydrostatic pressure corresponding to the height of the water-container  40  relative to the ground. The shower of water emerging from nozzle  73  is intended to surprise the animal by squirting water towards the animal, possibly containing a chemical repellant, causing it to flee. The nozzle  73  may also be a low pressure misting/fogging nozzle that disperses droplets of water containing the chemical repellant. The water emerging from nozzle  74  turns a turbine  75 . The axis  76  of the turbine  75  is attached to a ratchet noisemaker (gragger)  77 , which produces a clicking and rattling noise that also frightens the animal. The duration of the shower and noise is limited by the amount of water in the water-container  40 , but even so, residual water within the container should be sufficient to continue irrigating the plant until the gardener can replenish water in the container. 
         [0043]    Other mechanisms known in the art may also be used to trigger the opening of the valve, such as mechanisms used to spring animal traps, or to flush a toilet. The mechanism shown in  FIG. 5  will be relatively sensitive, such that that even a small animal may open the valve  60  by pressing on the plate  81 , provided that the pawl arm  71  is long enough to be able to generate a large torque, and the pawl/ratchet interface is well lubricated. If the animal pest is expected to be large, a less sensitive triggering mechanism may be adequate, such that the force of the animal  80  stepping on the plate  81  may itself be used to counteract the force of the spring  62  in the valve  60 . In that case, the cord  84  may be connected directly to the stem  63  of the valve  60  via a pulley that replaces the weighted chain and sprocket arrangement shown in  FIG. 5 . 
         [0044]    An advantage of the mechanism shown in  FIG. 5  is that it requires little or no maintenance, in contrast to mechanisms that use electrical components and a battery (which would have to be replaced periodically). Such an electrical mechanism was described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,009,192, entitled Animal Deterrent Apparatus, to BURMAN. It uses an infrared proximity sensor to sense the presence of the animal, which controls a valve attached to a conventional home water-sprinkler. Similarly, U.S. Pat. No. 5,892,446 entitled Wild Animal Deterrent Device, to REICH, describes the attachment of an electrical motion sensor to a source of noise (a radio). Such electrical mechanisms optionally could be used in place of the entirely-mechanical mechanism shown in  FIG. 5 . For example, a battery-powered motion sensor could detect the presence of the animal  80 , and a linear electric actuator could then apply force to the stem  63  of the valve  60  in order to open the valve. If triggering of the motion sensor causes a warning noise to be produced a few seconds prior to opening of the valve, a gardener who inadvertently triggered the motion sensor will have time to disengage the unit to avoid being sprayed. The warning noise may be a recorded animal distress sound, which may frighten the animal and which may even attract predators that may also frighten the animal. 
         [0045]    Whether the valve  60  in  FIG. 5  is opened by mechanical or electrical mechanisms, the apparatus shown in that figure has advantages over animal deterrent systems that spray water from a home water-sprinkler (such as the above-mentioned U.S. Pat. No. 5,009,192). In the present invention, the amount of water that may be released is self-limited, so that the gardener cannot flood the lawn with a water-sprinkler that fails to shut off. Furthermore, the gardener may add a chemical repellant to the water in the container  40  to enhance the effectiveness of spraying the animal from the nozzle  73 . This may be in addition to the fertilizer, compost tea, plant micronutrients and electrolytes, insect and fungus management solutions, and the like, that were noted above. An advantage of the present invention is the ease with which all such supplements may be added to the water container. That advantage is not present in other plant irrigation systems that simply make use of a home water supply inlet as the source of water for irrigation [U.S. Pat. No. 7,654,038, entitled Garden planter having integrated irrigation and illumination systems, to SIMMONS; U.S. Pat. No. 7,017,299, entitled Gardening cage apparatus and system, to SPEED et al.]. 
         [0046]    Chemical repellants include capsaicin (from peppers), the mothball chemical naphthalene, cinnamamide, ziram, derivatives of anthranilate, acetophenone, benzoate, anthraquinone, and others listed in: Larry CLARK. Review of Bird Repellents. Proceedings of the Eighteenth Vertebrate Pest Conference (1998). (R. O. Baker &amp; A. C. Crabb, Eds.) Published at Univ. of Calif., Davis. 1998. Paper 6, pp 330-337. In the present application, capsaicin is not recommended because its simultaneous use in the plant irrigation solution would likely inhibit plant growth [H. KATO-NOGUCHI, Y. Tanaka. Effects of Capsaicin on Plant Growth. Biologia Plantarum Volume 47 (1, July 2003): 157-159]. Many of the other chemical repellants are not preferred because they are toxic and/or because their effects on plant growth are unknown. 
         [0047]    The preferred chemical deterrent for present purposes is cinnamamide, which is produced by amination of cinnamic acid (found in oil of cinnamon). Cinnamamide is safe if handled properly and not ingested, and it has medicinal uses [GUNIA-Krzy{grave over (z)}ak A, Pańczyk K, Waszkielewicz A M, Marona H. Cinnamamide Derivatives for Central and Peripheral Nervous System Disorders—A Review of Structure-Activity Relationships. ChemMedChem 10(8, August 2015):1302-1325]. Furthermore, its simultaneous use in the plant irrigation solution would likely enhance plant growth [CHEN, Weiyan and Xu, Liangzhong. Growth-regulating Activity of Cinnamamide and Betaine Cinnamamide on Wheat. Advance Journal of Food Science and Technology 7(8, 2015): 584-588]. Cinnamamide is a chemical deterrent for birds, mammals, and invertebrates, which appears to work in different ways for different animals [GILL, E. L., Watkins, R. W., Gurney, J. E., Bishop, J. D., Feare, C. J., Scanion, C. B. and Cowan, D. P. Cinnamamide: A nonlethal chemical repellent for birds and mammals Repellents in Wildlife Management Symposium: Proceedings of the Second DWRC Special Symposium. National Wildlife Research Centre. 4101 LaPorte Avenue, Fort Collins, Colo. 80521. Paper 5, pp. 43-51 Aug. 8, 1995]. 
         [0048]    An additional feature of the device may also deter animal pests. That feature comprises painting nuts and bolts of the cage with a long-glowing phosphorescent paint in such a way that they resemble the eyes of a predator at night. Thus, some of the nuts and bolts of the cage may be separated from one another by a distance that approximates the distance between eyes of a predator such as a large cat. At night, these painted nuts and bolts will glow in the dark, and nocturnal animal pests may be wary of approaching what they perceive to be a predator. The preferred phosphorescent paint is one that can phosphoresce for 12 or more hours at night, after it has been energized by sunlight during the day [T. MATSUZAWA, Y. Aoki, N. Takeuchi, and Y. Murayama. A New Long Phosphorescent Phosphor with High Brightness, SrAI 2 O 4 :Eu 2+ ,Dy 3+ . J. Electrochem. Soc. 143 (5, Aug. 1996): 2670-2673; Bingfu L E I, Bin Li, Xiaojun Wang, and Wenlian Li. Green emitting long lasting phosphorescence (LLP) properties of Mg 2 SnO 4 :Mn 2+  phosphor. Journal of Luminescence 118 (2, June 2006): 173-178]. An even more realistic deterrent may be made by painting realistic pairs of false eyes, such as taxidermy glass eyes, with the phosphorescent paint, and then attaching them to the apparatus. Such an approach may be superior to the use of fake snake and owl scarecrows that animals quickly learn to ignore. 
         [0049]    In conclusion, prior art products do not necessarily possess the characteristics of the claimed apparatus, as follows. In the prior art that is discussed above in the background section, the lid for a cage is not necessarily “effortlessly detachable.” In the prior art that is discussed above, the top of a cage is not necessarily bowl-shaped. In contrast to the dome disclosed here, the size of the apertures within the prior-art lid for a plant cage may not be suitable for the harvesting or washing of the fruit, vegetable, or leaf that is being gardened (e.g., small apertures for cherry tomatoes or blueberries or baby spinach). In fact, the selection of appropriately small apertures in the dome of the present invention may make it unsatisfactory for the intended purpose of a prior art cage-lid, because the prior art cage-lid would have apertures that are selected instead only to maximize sunlight and minimize construction material, provided that the selection is consistent with the need to deny entry of an animal pest. In contrast to the dome disclosed here, the material from which the lid for a cage is made may be toxic. In contrast to the dome disclosed here, the prior-art lid for a cage may not have the appropriate size or shape that allows it to be placed under a faucet in a sink for the rinsing of produce, or that allows it to be used as a strainer/steamer basket that is conveniently suspended within a selected commercially-available cooking pot. Thus, in the prior art, the lid for a plant cage is not inherently able to function like the dome that is disclosed here. 
         [0050]    When viewed in the context of the whole process of growing, protecting, harvesting, rinsing, and cooking plant produce, the disclosed apparatus eliminates an element, namely, a separate cage-top or a separate harvesting/rinsing receptacle. Consequently, the omission of an element here (a separate harvesting/rinsing receptacle) but with retention of its function, is an indicia of the novelty of the apparatus. Evidently, the dome does not merely perform two different functions simultaneously, because in  FIG. 2A  the dome serves as a cover; but in  FIGS. 2B and 2C  the dome serves as a produce-receptacle; and the performance of these two functions are mutually exclusive. Furthermore, the dome may also serve as support for a water-container, as shown in  FIGS. 4 and 5 , and support for the reservoir for an animal deterrent device as shown in  FIG. 5 . 
         [0051]    Although the invention herein has been described with reference to particular embodiments, it is to be understood that these embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and applications of the present invention. It is therefore to be understood that numerous modifications may be made to the illustrative embodiments and that other arrangements may be devised without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims.