Abstract:
A camera unit for a vehicle includes a camera and a closure element, which are moveable by a drive unit between a first position, in which the closure element covers the field of vision of the camera and a second position, in which a region of the surroundings of the vehicle to be monitored lies in the field of vision of the camera. A first movement direction of the camera from the first position into the second position and a second movement direction of the closure element from the first position into the second position define an angle and a surface normal of the outer skin of the vehicle at the place of installation of the camera unit lies within the angle.

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION 
       [0001]    This application claims priority to German Patent Application No. 102015013315.2, filed Oct. 14, 2015, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. 
       TECHNICAL FIELD 
       [0002]    The present disclosure pertains to a vehicle with a camera unit having a camera configured to detect an outside region behind the vehicle and a closure element configured to protect the camera from dirt and damage when not in use. 
       BACKGROUND 
       [0003]    Conventional camera units, such as that disclosed in DE 10 2013 018 022, generally include a camera, which in a position of rest, is concealed in a receiving space in the interior of the vehicle behind a closure element that lies in a viewing direction of the camera. In order to reach an operating position, wherein the closure element no longer impairs the field of vision of the camera, the camera and closure element have to first move in a same direction, perpendicularly to the outer skin of the vehicle, until the camera is located in front of the outer skin an that the camera can be pivoted downwards for imaging the road surface immediately behind the vehicle in a field of vision for the camera. The parallel movement of the camera and closure element requires a large installation depth of the camera unit on the vehicle. Moreover, the combination of translation and tilting movement of the camera further complicates a guiding mechanism. 
         [0004]    The movement of camera and closure element is driven via an eccentric, the rotary movement freedom of which is restricted by a housing guiding the translation of the closure element. In order to bring the camera unit from the operating position into the first position, the eccentric has to rotate in a direction other than during the shifting from the first position into the operating position. 
       SUMMARY 
       [0005]    The present disclosure provides a camera unit for a vehicle which requires a reduced installation depth. According to a configuration of the present disclosure, the camera unit includes a camera and a closure element, which is moveable by a drive unit between a resting or first position wherein the closure element conceals the field of vision of the camera and an operating or second position wherein a region of the surroundings of the vehicle lies in the field of vision of the camera. A first movement direction of the camera from the first position into the second position and a second movement direction of the closure element from the first position in the second position define an angle and a surface normal of the outer skin of the vehicle at the place of installation of the camera unit lies within the angle. Because of the non-parallel movement of camera and closure element, the closure element is moved out of the field of vision of the camera without requiring a tilting movement of the camera. Since the movement direction of both the camera and also of the closure element is obliquely to the surface normal, the space requirement in the direction of the surface normal is reduced. 
         [0006]    Preferably, the camera unit includes two plates that are located opposite one another having first guide contours extending in the first direction and second guide contours extending in the second direction formed therein. 
         [0007]    The camera and the closure element can be placed on support plates which extend between the plates of the frame and are displaceably engaged with the guide contours. Accordingly, the camera and the closure element can be displaced relative to one another in the defined angle. 
         [0008]    The plates of the frame are configured to be separable elements in order to assemble the camera unit in the production more easily. When the plates are spread apart, the support plates of the camera and the closure element can be initially brought into engagement with the guide contour of one of the plates of the frame. Once the camera and closure element are so positioned, the plates of the frame are subsequently move together again to establish engagement with the respective other guide contour. In one embodiment, abridge pivotally connects the plates in order to guide the movement of the plates into the spread-apart position and subsequently facilitate establishing the engagement on both plates. The first guide contour and the second guide contour of a plate should preferably define an angle between 60 and 120 degrees, so that the camera and the closure element with reduced installation depth can be effectively pushed apart. 
         [0009]    For driving the movement of the camera and/or of the closure element between the first position and the second position, an eccentric should be rotatable about an axis free of a stop. Accordingly it is sufficient that the drive unit rotates in only one direction. A circuit for controlling a directional change of the drive unit is not required. At least one link can be connected to the camera or the closure element and to the eccentric in an articulated manner. Because of this, a rotation of the drive unit can be positioned into a translational movement for moving the camera or the closure element. 
         [0010]    When two links are provided, a first fulcrum, on which the first link acts on the eccentric, and a second fulcrum, on which the second link acts on the eccentric, may define an angle on the axis about which the eccentric rotates, which corresponds to the angle between the first and the second guide contour. Accordingly it is ensured that the camera and the closure element in each case reach the first position and the second position without phase offset to one another. 
         [0011]    Preferably, the camera unit can be operable in response to movement of a gear shift in the vehicle in order to assume the second position when the reverse gear is engaged. Accordingly, the camera, if the camera is installed at the rear, can always supply an image of a poorly visible rearward outside region whenever this is required. 
         [0012]    It is practicable to likewise couple the camera unit to the gear shift in order to take up the first position when a forward gear is engaged. Accordingly, the camera can be automatically covered by the closure element and is protected from damage and dirt when not in use, without a driver of the vehicle having to additionally actuate an operating element. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0013]    The present disclosure will hereinafter be described in conjunction with the following drawing figures, wherein like numerals denote like elements. 
           [0014]      FIG. 1  is an extract of a tailgate of a motor vehicle with a camera unit according to the present disclosure in first position; 
           [0015]      FIG. 2  is the extract of  FIG. 1  with the camera unit in second position; 
           [0016]      FIG. 3  shows a view of the camera unit 
           [0017]      FIG. 4  shows a frame for receiving the camera unit; 
           [0018]      FIG. 5  shows a housing which receives the camera unit and the frame; 
           [0019]      FIG. 6  is a detailed section through the camera unit in the first position; 
           [0020]      FIG. 7  is a schematic section through the camera unit in the first position; and 
           [0021]      FIG. 8  is a schematic section through the camera unit in the second position. 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
       [0022]    The following detailed description is merely exemplary in nature and is not intended to limit the invention or the application and uses of the invention. Furthermore, there is no intention to be bound by any theory presented in the preceding background of the invention or the following detailed description. 
         [0023]      FIG. 1  shows a portion of the outer skin  1  of a motor vehicle, here a piece of a tailgate, on which an emblem is attached. The emblem forms a closure element  2  of a camera unit  3 , which as shown in  FIG. 2 , can be moved out of a resting or first position in which it is flush with the outer skin  1  shown in  FIG. 1  into an operating or second position shown in  FIG. 2  in which a camera  5  that was concealed behind the closure element  2  in the first position is visible. A front lens of the camera  5  is directed obliquely downwards in order to capture the road surface immediately behind the vehicle and any obstacles thereon. 
         [0024]      FIG. 3  shows the camera unit  3  without the outer skin  1  from a viewing direction opposite to that of  FIGS. 1 and 2 . The closure element  2  is detachably connected, here by threaded fasteners, to a shaft  12 . The shaft  12  is unitarily connected to a support plate  7 , which is inclined towards the closure element  2  at an angle of approximately 45°. In an open-edge cutout of the support plate  7 , a shaft  26  is fastened on which a link  8  engages. An end of the link  8  facing away from the plate pivotably engages on an eccentric  9  about an axis  27 . 
         [0025]    The eccentric  9  in this case includes two arms  28 ,  29  which are rigidly connected by a shaft. The shaft is engaged about by the link  8  and defines the fulcrum of its pivot movement about the axis  27 . The left arm  28  connects the shaft to a driveshaft  10 , in order to guide the fulcrum on a circular path upon a rotation of the driveshaft  10  driven by an electric motor  6 . The right arm  29  connects the shaft which is not visible to a fulcrum  18  on which a second link  14  engages. Analogously to the connection of the link  8  to the support plate  7 , the link  14  is connected to a support plate  15  on which the camera  5  is mounted. This support plate  15  is also inclined at approximately 45° against the closure element  2 , however in the opposite direction of the support plate  7 , so that the two support plates together define an angle of approximately 90° that is open towards the closure element  2 . 
         [0026]      FIG. 4  shows a frame  16  which is provided in order to receive the camera unit  3 . The frame  16  includes two plates  17 ,  18  which lie parallel opposite one another, which are elastically pivotably connected to one another via a bridge  19 . Upper guide contours  20  and other guide contours  21  are recessed out of the plates  17 ,  18 . The upper guide contours  20  are provided in order to receive edges of the support plate  7  and thus guide the movement of the closure element  2  between the first position and the second position; accordingly, the lower guide contours  21  receive edges of the support plate  15  and guide the movement of the camera  5 . The linearly elongated guide contours  20 ,  21  define an angle a that corresponds to the abovementioned angle between the support plates  7 ,  15  or the movement directions of the camera  5  and of the closure element  2  guided by the guide contours  20 ,  21  and the support plates  7 ,  15  engaging into these. 
         [0027]    In a first assembly step, the plates  17 ,  18  are spread apart at their lower edges  30  and the support plate  17  coming from below is pushed into the guide contours  20 . Following this, the plates  17 ,  18  are merely spread apart at their front tips, so that the engagement of the support plate  7  in the guide contours  20  remains intact, while the support plate  15  is inserted into the guide contours  21 . On the plate  18 , a projection  22  facing the plate  17  is formed, on the back of which, which is not visible in  FIG. 4 , a channel is recessed. The driveshaft  10  is inserted into this channel. 
         [0028]    In  FIG. 5 , a housing  4  is shown which is provided in order to be mounted under the outer skin  1  and receive the camera unit  3  that is preassembled in the frame  16 . Two grooves  23  receive the lower edges  30  of the plates  17 ,  18 . Pivoting-apart of the plates  17 ,  18 , by way of which the support plates  7 ,  15  could disengage from the guide contours  20 ,  21 , is thus no longer possible. A channel  24  of the housing complements the channel of the projection  22  into a bearing engaging about the shaft  10 . In extension of the channel  24 , on the other side of the right groove  23 , an installation space  25  for the electric motor  6  is located. 
         [0029]      FIG. 6  shows a section through the camera unit  3  finish-installed in the housing  4  in the first position.  FIG. 7 , similar to  FIG. 6 , shows the camera unit in the first position in a simplified, schematic form. 
         [0030]    A section, which connects a fulcrum  31 , on which the link  8  engages on the support plate  7  to a fulcrum  11 , on which the same link  8  engages on the non-visible shaft connecting the arms  28 ,  29 , is marked with  33 , a section which connects the fulcrum  13  of the link  14  to a fulcrum  32 , on which this link  14  engages on the support plate  15 , is marked  34 . Both sections  33 ,  34  run parallel to the guide contour  20  and  21  respectively and guide the movement of the link  8  and  14  respectively concerned. The sections  33 ,  34  cross one another on the axis of rotation  36  of the driveshaft  10  and in the process define the angle a that is open towards the closure element. A surface normal  35  of the outer skin  1  is simultaneously angle bisector of the angle α. The distance of the fulcrums  31 ,  32  from the axis  36  of the driveshaft  10  in this position is minimal. 
         [0031]      FIG. 8 , similar to  FIG. 7 , shows the camera unit in simplified schematic form, however in the second position. In order to move the camera unit  3  from the first position, as shown in  FIG. 7 , into the second position, shown in  FIG. 8 , the driveshaft  10  is rotated by 180° by the electric motor  6  with any direction of rotation. Following the rotation by 180°, the fulcrums  11 ,  31  again come to lie on a straight line with the driveshaft  10  and also the fulcrums  13 ,  32  with the driveshaft  10 . The driveshaft  10  however no longer lays between the fulcrums  11 ,  31  and the fulcrums  13 ,  32 , but left thereof, so that the distance of the fulcrums  31 ,  32  from the axis  36  of the driveshaft  10  is maximal. 
         [0032]    In order to move the camera unit  3  back into the first position, the electric motor  6  again rotates the drive shafts  10  by 180°. This rotation can be effected with the same direction of rotation as the preceding one such that the motor  6  does not have to operate in reverse rotation. 
         [0033]    The camera unit  3  may be operably coupled to a gear shift of a vehicle. When a drive engages the reverse gear, the closure element  2  and the camera  5  are moved into the second position so that outside regions behind the vehicle, which are not visible to the driver, can be recorded by the camera  5  and displayed on a display monitor that is clearly visible by the driver. As soon as a forward gear is engaged, the closure element  2  and the camera  5  move back into the first position in order to protect the camera  5  from dirt during normal driving. 
         [0034]    While at least one exemplary embodiment has been presented in the foregoing detailed description, it should be appreciated that a vast number of variations exist. It should also be appreciated that the exemplary embodiment or exemplary embodiments are only examples, and are not intended to limit the scope, applicability, or configuration of the invention in any way. Rather, the foregoing detailed description will provide those skilled in the art with a convenient road map for implementing an exemplary embodiment, it being understood that various changes may be made in the function and arrangement of elements described in an exemplary embodiment without departing from the scope of the invention as set forth in the appended claims and their legal equivalents.