Abstract:
A novel method of triggering an electromagnetic type energy harvesting generator that has disposed a spherical magnet, surrounded by a coil of wire and rotatable in an enclosure about an axis with an axially protruding paddle member, axially aligned dual offset paddle members, or other flick trigger mechanism structure situated tangent along the surface of the spherical magnet enclosure, whereinthis enclosed magnet is centred within the electrical coil, which is free to rotate about its axis. The magnet is held in a static state rotational position by two opposite outwardly disposed flux focus magnets. The spherical magnet and the focus magnets are all in a magnetic attractive circuit; and the magnetic flux lines are in a static field concentration throughout the coil windings aided by the focus magnets. A reciprocating trigger device means with a contact finger is utilized to engage the axially protruding paddle member(s).

Description:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
       [0001]    The present invention relates to energy harvesting electrical generators, in particularly single-motion or impulse actuated electrical generators. 
       BACKGROUND 
       [0002]    Energy harvesting devices cover a wide range of power generation, especially generating electrical energy from mechanical motion, and have size versus efficiency choices that are significantly limited and in general, inadequate. Further efforts by others related to continuous or short burst types have not shown significant improvements and do not show any greater problem or application understanding likely to provide any significant improvements thereof. 
       SUMMARY 
       [0003]    The present invention provides and teaches that a variable speed range of motion triggering can be supplied by an external push force on a plunger embodiment causing the Faraday effect of inducing a voltage to occur at the coil terminals in a continuous or pulsed periodic rotational energy harvesting generator. Whether the plunging movement progression is slow action or fast action once the plunger moves the spherical magnet (responsible for power generation) past the trigger release point of a perpendicular tooth situated on the side of the spherical magnet adjacent to its common axels, the combined response of the power generating magnet in conjunction of the focusing magnets surrounding the coil creates a distorted and changing magnetic field surrounding and cutting the coil windings, a varying power envelope is produced. 
         [0004]    The overall Faraday effect of inducing a voltage at the generator coil terminals is further enhanced by utilizing a plurality of focusing magnets to concentrate the magnetic field throughout the generator coil windings; and with every movement of a plunger in momentary and periodic mechanical connexion to a centrally located rotatable magnet of a spherical shape, but not limited to a spherical shape within the coil, a voltage is produced at the coil terminals due to the Faraday effect of induced voltage through magnetic field changes. With this arrangement a damped sinusoidal alternating current is established at the coil terminals. 
         [0005]    The EMF (Electro-Motive Force, a.k.a. voltage) generated by Faraday&#39;s law of induction (the flow of current through a coil around a electrical complete circuit due to relative movement or change of a coil magnetic field) is the phenomenon underlying electrical generators; however, most texts covering the Faraday Principle illustrates a moving coil through a stationary magnetic field source (a magnet), with the present invention the converse holds true where a magnet is moved rotated through a stationary electric coil. When a permanent magnet is moved relative to a conductor, or vice versa, an electromotive force (voltage) is created. If the wire is connected through an electrical load, current will flow, and thus electrical energy is generated, converting the mechanical energy of motion to electrical energy, thus ‘harvesting’ mechanical energy as electrical energy for some usage. 
         [0006]    The present invention&#39;s exemplary embodiments include utilizing rare-earth or high field strength magnets such as Neodymium magnets but are not limited using conventional Neodymium magnets. There also exists a novel category of Neodymium magnets that are identified as ‘poly-magnets’. Poly-magnets start as regular rare earth magnets. However, poly-magnets are entirely different from conventional magnets, which have one north and one south pole. Poly-magnets contain patterns of North and South poles, such as alternating north and south pole ‘lines’, on a single piece of magnetic material. The fields coming off of these patterns of north and south poles in turn define the feel and function of the poly-magnet. The field on the poly-magnet is tightly focused because the fields don&#39;t have to go as far to connect from north to south. The same amount of energy is present in both magnets, but the poly-magnet has much more energy focused in front of the magnet where it can do work. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0007]    These and further features of the present invention will be better understood by reading the Detailed Description, taken together with the Drawing figures, wherein: 
           [0008]      FIG. 1A  an isometric view of a coil assembly disposed within a magnet bed assembly with six focus magnets surrounding a spherical magnet with a radially extending trigger member according to one embodiment of the present invention; 
           [0009]      FIG. 1B  a plan (top) view of the embodiment of  FIG. 1A ; 
           [0010]      FIG. 1C  an elevation (side) view of the embodiment of  FIG. 1A : 
           [0011]      FIG. 2A  is an elevation (side) view of plunger tangentially moving relative to a radially extending trigger member of a further embodiment of the present invention; 
           [0012]      FIG. 2B  is an elevation (side) view of the embodiment of  FIG. 2A  with the tangential plunger offset to the left having left engagement with the radially extending trigger member and corresponding magnetic field distortion; 
           [0013]      FIG. 2C  is an elevation (side) view of the embodiment of  FIG. 2A  with the tangential plunger pushing past the right side of the radially extending trigger member causing the attached the spherical magnet to oscillate forth and back, and corresponding magnetic field distortion; 
           [0014]      FIG. 3A  is an elevation (side) view of the tangential plunger, going from right to left, and the .plot of voltage over time induced in response to the spherical magnet in a quiescent (resting) position for the embodiment of  FIG. 2A ; 
           [0015]      FIG. 3B  is an elevation side view of the tangential plunger as its movement is imparted to the radially extending trigger member, and the a plot of voltage induced in a surrounding coil in response to changes in the stationary magnetic field by rotation of the spherical magnet shown in  FIG. 2A ; 
           [0016]      FIG. 3C  is an elevation (side) view of a tangential plunger, illustrating its trigger movement positioned to the right well beyond the radially extending trigger member and a plot of voltage over time from a coil surrounding the spherical magnet which freely rotates back and forth over several cycles; 
           [0017]      FIG. 4A  is an elevation (side) view of the coil, bobbin, winding (in cross-section), and spherical magnet assembly disposed within the centre of the coil surrounded by representative magnet among multiple-magnets; 
           [0018]      FIG. 4B  is a plan (top) view of the embodiment of  FIG. 4A ; 
           [0019]      FIG. 5A  is an elevation (side) view of a further embodiment with a plunger and rotatable magnet in a rest position, and a typical zero output waveform induced in a coil winding surrounding the magnet; 
           [0020]      FIG. 5B  is an elevation (side) view of the embodiment of  FIG. 5A , with the plunger causing the spherical magnet to move to the left, and a corresponding non-zero output waveform of a low amplitude voltage waveform induced in the surrounding coil for the period of magnet movement; 
           [0021]      FIG. 5C  is an elevation (side) view of the embodiment of  FIG. 5A , with the plunger&#39;s trigger moved to a position well beyond the contact point with the magnet trigger; 
           [0022]      FIG. 5D  is an elevation (side) view of the embodiment of  FIG. 5A , with a plunger farther away from the magnet trigger and the rotatable magnet in a position of magnetic force equilibrium, and a corresponding non-zero output waveform of a low amplitude voltage waveform induced in the surrounding coil for the period of magnet movement; 
           [0023]      FIG. 6A  is an elevation (side) view of a further embodiment of the generator according to the present invention with a plunger in a rest position with non-contacting Poly-magnet trigger mechanism, and a typical output waveform during no movement rest time; 
           [0024]      FIG. 6B  is an elevation (side) view of the embodiment of  FIG. 6A  with the plunger pushed into action and corresponding movement of the spherical magnet housing to the left, and including a typical non-zero output waveform of a low amplitude voltage waveform resulting from the plunger movement; 
           [0025]      FIG. 6C  is an elevation (side) view of the generator embodiment of  FIG. 6A  with a plunger returned to the rest position, and showing a typical non-zero output waveform of a low amplitude voltage waveform up to some time period of movement; 
           [0026]      FIG. 7A  is a perspective view of a typical neodymium magnet with a bi-polar configuration of a North Pole volume and a South Pole volume, each having a corresponding external surface; 
           [0027]      FIG. 7B  is a perspective view of a poly-magnet that has a plurality of North and South Pole sub-volumes and sub-surfaces; 
           [0028]      FIG. 8  is a schematic illustration of a further embodiment according to the present invention including a key actuator received into the energy harvesting generator; 
           [0029]      FIG. 9A  is a schematic illustration of further embodiment according to the present invention providing a staggered multi-trigger plunger in a rest position; 
           [0030]      FIG. 9B  is a schematic illustration of the embodiment of  FIG. 9A  in an initial pushed position striking and moving a first tooth and the resulting displacement of the rotatable magnet; and 
           [0031]      FIG. 9C  is a schematic illustration of the embodiment of  FIG. 9A  in return position after displacement 
           [0032]      FIG. 10  is a perspective view of a partial cut-away of a further embodiment of the present invention; and 
           [0033]      FIGS. 11A-11D  are elevation views of the embodiment of  FIG. 10  showing stages of progressive trigger (actuator) depression. 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
       [0034]    Consider the perspective view in  FIG. 1A  showing a coil assembly disposed within a magnet bed assembly with six focus magnet and the coil bobbin including a spherical magnet encapsulated within a non-magnetic cover with trigger teeth, also shown in the top plan view in  FIG. 1B , and the side elevation view in  FIG. 1C  for an arrangement of a coil bobbin  105  having a longitudinal axis  115  with a winding of many turns of copper wire ( 106 ,  FIG. 5A ) that has a through hole at its centre surrounding said longitudinal axs  115  that accepts a spherical magnet  109  that is encapsulated within a non-magnetic cover  107  with common axels  111 A,  111 B and above each common axel member there exists a tooth protrusion member  111 A &amp;  111 B on each side of the magnet axels  112 A &amp;  112 B; and is part of the encapsulated cover  107 . Alternate embodiments include axels otherwise formed and attached to or through the spherical magnet  109  and/or cover  107 . Further this non-magnetic encapsulation is designed and constructed such that the magnetic imaginary equator at  108  that defines and separates the magnetic poles North and South, is aligned so that the imaginary equator is parallel to the vertical side of each tooth protrusion member  111 A &amp;  111 B. With this embodiment of the invention the coil bobbin  105  and included wire coil is disposed within and surrounded by a magnet bed  103 L,  103 R having a plurality of focus magnets typically residing in slots, and the spherical magnet  109  that is encapsulated within the non-magnetic cover  107  is disposed in the centre through hole of the coil bobbin  105 . In the embodiment of  FIG. 1A , there exists a plurality of focus disk magnets (not shown) that are disposed (within vertical slots)at position left side left position  101 LL, position left side centre position  101 LC, left side right position  101 LR, right side left position  101 RL, right side centre position  101 RC, and right side right position  101 RR, which are attached members of the magnet bed  103  on each of its sides  103 L and  103 R to closely surround (or contact) the coil bobbin  104  (or wire coil  106 , below) as shown. In addition, the spherical magnet  109  encapsulated within its cover  107  along with its axels  112 A and  112 B are aligned and positioned along a magnet axis  104  within the coil bobbin  105  centre hole and preferably more proximal to, or at the edge of the coil bobbin  105  (other disposition may also be provided) and in this embodiment, offset from and parallel to a coil axis of symmetry  117 ,  FIG. 1C ; and free to rotate such that the North and South poles of the magnet are capable of being rotated, by some externally applied force, and being able to move to the left and to the right of centre (e.g. when tooth  112 A,  112 B is substantially near the midpoint of its rotational travel) when a force action is administered to the spherical magnet  109  within its cover  107 . 
         [0035]      FIG. 2A  shows a side view of an embodiment of the present invention that illustrates a movement of a plunger  200  moving in a leftward direction  222  to return to a quiescent position after having been previously moved to the right, and the plunger&#39;s trigger mechanism  205  protruding member at position  205 A of the plunger  200  momentarily comes in contact with a vertical tooth  111 , part of the spherical ball magnet assembly  107  that contains a ball magnet  109 , is in its centre rest position  111 C. At this moment in time the encompassed magnet field  201 A established by the presence of the ball magnet  109  and six focus magnets residing in the slots shown in  FIG. 1  formed in the bed  103 , which consequently has the magnetic poles aligned  203  in a magnetic attractive-pole field circuit  201 A (i.e. facing ball magnet and focus magnet poles being opposite polarity) between the ball magnet  109  and the six focus magnets (residing in corresponding bed  103  slots)  101 LL,  101 LC,  101 LR,  101 RL,  101 RC,  101 RR contained in the magnet bed  103 L,  103 R. 
         [0036]    In  FIG. 2B  this side view illustrates the movement progressive action position of a plunger that has its trigger mechanism  205 -member position  205 B (subsequent to 
         [0037]      FIG. 2A ) moved to the extreme left limit position and this progressive action allows for the spherical magnet  109  and its encapsulated cover  107  along with the attached tooth member  111 , all to move to the extreme left limit position  111 L and causes the resultant force to stretch and distort the encompassed magnetic field  201 B such that the field  201 B moves throughout the coil winding; and whenever there is a change in the magnetic field through a coil on bobbin  105 , there is a voltage polarity established across the terminals (winding ends) of the coil on the bobbin  105  according to Faraday&#39;s Law of electromagnetic induction. 
         [0038]    Now with  FIG. 2C , the side view illustrates the movement  222  progressive action position of a plunger subsequent to that shown in  FIG. 2B , that has its trigger mechanism  205 -member position  205 B moved to the extreme left limit position and allows for the spherical magnet  109  having N and S poles disposed as provided above, and its encapsulated cover  107  along with the attached tooth member  111 , all to be released and move to the extreme right limit position  111 L and causes the resultant force to stretch and distort the encompassed magnetic field  201 C such that the field  201 C moves differently from that of FIG,  2 B throughout the coil winding. Accordingly, whenever there is a change in the magnetic field through a coil on bobbin  105 , there is a voltage of opposite polarity that was established across the terminals of a coil on the bobbin  105  as in referenced  FIG. 2B  according to Faraday&#39;s Law of electromagnetic induction. This oscillating action of the magnet  109  within the cover  107  shown in  FIG. 2A ,  FIG. 2B , and  FIG. 2C  continue until converted into electrical energy in the coil (typically a damped sinusoidal wave), and friction between the spherical magnet  109  and its encapsulated cover  107  and the spherical magnet&#39;s axel members  112 A and  112 B shown in  FIG. 1B , left member shown  112 A in  FIG. 2A ,  FIG. 2B , and  FIG. 2C , overcome the original applied force of action pushing or from the plunger spring return (not shown) to an initial resting or quiescent position. 
         [0039]      FIG. 3A  shows a side view of an embodiment of the present invention that illustrates a movement of a plunger  200  moving in a rightward direction  224  and the plunger&#39;s trigger mechanism  205  position  205 D momentarily comes in contact with a vertical tooth  111 -member in its centre rest (quiescent, or magnetically balanced) position  111 C, and is part of the spherical ball magnet assembly  107  that contains a ball magnet  109 . At this moment in time the encompassed magnet field  201 A established by the presence of the ball magnet  109  and six focus magnets retained as described in regard to  FIG. 1 , which consequently has the magnetic poles aligned  203  in a magnetic attractive-pole field circuit  201 A (i.e. opposite confronting magnetic poles) between the ball magnet  109  and the six focus magnets  101 LL,  101 LC,  101 LR,  101 RL,  101 RC,  101 RR in corresponding slots contained in the magnet bed  103 L,  103 R, described above. A corresponding bobbin coil output voltage versus time is shows substantially no induced voltage in this resting period of the ball magnet  109 . 
         [0040]    In  FIG. 3B  this side view illustrates the movement progressive action position of a plunger  200  that has its trigger mechanism  205  in position  205 E moved toward the extreme right limit position which allows for the spherical magnet  109  and its encapsulated cover  107  along with the attached tooth member in position  111 L, all to move to its extreme right limit position and causes the resultant force to stretch and distort the encompassed magnetic field  201 B such that the field moves throughout the coil winding contained on bobbin  105 ; and whenever there is a change in the magnetic field through a coil  105 , there is a corresponding change of voltage and polarity established across the terminals of a coil on bobbin  105 . As the relative motion of the magnet  109  is gradual with respect to the coil winding in the bobbin  105 , a corresponding coil output voltage  307  Is shown in a plot of coil output voltage versus time, similar but of opposite polarity to what is produced by the motion describe and shown relative to  FIG. 2B . 
         [0041]    The side elevation of  FIG. 3C  illustrates a further rightward position in the movement of a plunger  200  that has its trigger mechanism  205  in position  205 F moved to the extreme left limit position due to magnetic ‘a spring back’ action of secondary harmonic motion, allows for the spherical magnet  109  and its encapsulated cover  107  along with the attached tooth member  111 , all to move to the extreme left limit position  111 L and causes the resultant magnetic force to stretch and distort the encompassed magnetic field  201 C such that the field moves throughout the coil winding and correspondingly whenever there is a change in the magnetic field through a coil of bobbin  105 , there is a voltage of opposite polarity that was established across the terminals of a coil of bobbin  105  as above, in referenced  FIG. 3B . The mass of the magnet  109  and cover  107  together with the force of magnetic spring-like attraction between the magnet  109  and surrounding focus magnets produces an oscillating action shown in  FIG. 3C  (and corresponding plot of coil output voltage versus time) that continues until the mechanical energy is converted to electrical energy, and friction between the spherical magnet  109  and encapsulated cover  107 , and the spherical magnet&#39;s axel members  112 A and  112 B shown in  FIG. 1B , left member shown  112 A in  FIG. 3A ,  FIG. 3B , and  FIG. 3C , dissipates the energy imparted by the original applied force of action pushing. 
         [0042]    For the initial action in  FIG. 3A  where the plunger  200  is in process of moving into a future position of striking and making its trigger mechanism  205 D hit and push the spherical magnet assembly&#39;s tooth set member at centre position  111 C there is not any voltage generated ( 301 ) at the coil output terminals (not Shown). For progressive action after the time of initial push as illustrated in  FIG. 3A ,  FIG. 3B  shows a moment in time where the plunger  200  trigger member  205 E strikes and pushes forward the spherical magnet assembly&#39;s tooth member moved right  111 R that causes the spherical magnet  109  to rotate clockwise and stretch and distort the resultant magnetic field at a rate that initially generates a low voltage level, if the push is slow action. Further progression of plunger movement, shown in  FIG. 3C , causes the trigger mechanism  205 F to push the tooth far enough so that the tooth disconnects contact with the trigger mechanism and the spherical magnet  109  and the tooth  111  is free to swing back and forth continuous time sequence  111 L- 111 C- 111 R to  111 R- 111 C- 111 L for a few cycles; and this action generates a strong voltage felt at the coil terminals (not shown) and that voltage waveform is a sinewave that is damped by a natural logarithmic descending curvilinear  503  set of values in time. These sinewave values during the illustrated time periods t 1 -t 2 , t 2 -t 3 , t 3 -t 4 , t 4 - 45 , t 5 -t 6 , t 6 -t 7 , and t 7 -tx diminish to zero when the spherical magnet assembly  107 ,  109 ,  111  ceases to rotate any further that is overcome by friction. Thus in the particular exemplary embodiment shown, the tangential plunger  200 , illustrating its trigger movement positioned well beyond the spherical magnet&#39;s side tooth  111 L in  FIG. 3C , by either slow or fast movement by an external force, and allows the spherical magnet  109  to freely rotate back and forth over several cycles of a specifically defined angular displacement that in one embodiment, is typically in a range of plus 22.5 degrees from centre and minus 22.5 degrees of centre for an absolute value of 45.0 degrees for this embodiment. The spherical magnet  109  angular displacement can also be less than 45 degrees or more than 45 degrees, if so desired by design. As the spherical magnet oscillates or swings back and forth on its common axels  112 L,  112 R, the magnetic field  201 A is stretched and compressed periodically in opposite directions back and forth in unison with the spherical magnet&#39;s movement. During this time of variable displacement activity, a damped sinewave, shown in  FIG. 3C , is established at the terminal of the coil in accordance with Faraday&#39;s Law and Maxwell&#39;s Law. 
         [0043]      FIG. 4A  shows a side view of a coil bobbin  105  with a disposed spherical magnet  109  enclosed in a non-magnetic jacket cover  107  with a dual tooth mechanism  111 A and  111 B (shown in the top view  FIG. 4B ). The spherical (ball) magnet  109  has its magnet poles situated with the North Pole and South Pole on substantially opposite left and right peripheral, outer edge or radial sides respectfully arranged in the present exemplary illustration. On each side of the coil bobbin winding exists at least one focus magnet  101 LC on the left side and can have a plurality of adjacent magnets  101 LL &amp;  101 LR in addition; and on the right side at least one focus magnet  101 RC and can have a plurality of adjacent magnets  101 RL &amp;  101 RR in addition. The exemplary planar magnet bed  113  holds around the coil bobbin  113 , the plurality of focus magnets that can be comprised of disk shapes but not limited to disk shapes. Disposed on the spherical magnet jacket enclosure  107  are two axels  111 A &amp;  111 B that hold in position the enclosed ball magnet  109  and allows for rotational movement within the coil bobbin winding. Because of this arrangement of ball magnet and associated focus magnets, there exists a circuitous surrounding magnet field shown in  FIG. 4B  that is a resultant of the individual focus and ball magnets. This circuitous resulting magnetic field MFL 1  &amp; MFL 2  encompasses the coil windings and permeates throughout the windings. Whenever the ball magnet is moved the circuitous magnetic field is stretched and distorted throughout the windings and whenever the magnetic lines of force comprising the magnetic field is moved, in accordance to Faraday&#39;s Law, a voltage is produced at the coil winding terminals. 
         [0044]      FIG. 5A  illustrates a coil  106  retained by a bobbin or formed or molded to be self-supporting, with a ball magnet assembly  107  &amp;  109  and a simple plunger  200  that tangentially moves the attached tooth (in quiescent or rest position  111 C) radially extending from an axial shaft of the ball magnet assembly  107  &amp;  109  rotationally to the left or right upon the plunger  200  movement action striking and engaging the vertical tooth  111  away from its centre  111 C (and then by release of the plunger  200  trigger  205  after the trigger  205  travels past the tooth  111 ), the ball magnet assembly  107  &amp;  109 , engaging the magnetic fields of representative focus magnets  101 L and  101 R as described herein for other embodiments, swings left position  111 L ( FIG. 5B ) and then to the right position  111 R ( FIG. 5C ) in a continuous oscillating movement until the applied mechanical energy is converted and friction overcomes the energy supplied by the plunger  200  being pushed by an operator or connected apparatus (not shown). 
         [0045]    The left side view of a slow action fast action generator embodiment is shown in  FIG. 5B  with the plunger  200  pushed into action and causing the spherical magnet and housing to rotate to the left, and the resulting typical non-zero coil  106  output waveform of a low amplitude voltage waveform  301  up to some time period of movement. The surrounding magnetic field  505  emanates throughout the coil winding  106  and the field  505  lines moves into a distortion pattern (relative to that shown in  FIG. 5A ) due to the caused movement, and occur at the indicated time intervals during the oscillatory motion of the movable magnet  109 . 
         [0046]    A left side view of a slow action generator embodiment of  FIG. 5C  with a plunger pushed and continued to be moved (beyond that of  FIG. 5B ) to a point where the plunger&#39;s trigger  205  is moved to a position well beyond the contact point with the spherical magnet&#39;s tooth at position  111 R that allows for the spherical magnet  109  to oscillate back and forth as illustrated in  FIG. 5D , by the corresponding waveform  509  that provides damped  309  waveform voltage decaying to zero, as the coil  106  voltage output from the generator during the oscillating time period. The surrounding magnetic field  507  emanates throughout the coil winding  106  and the field lines moves into a maximum distortion pattern due to that movement and the magnetic field pattern undulates and changes direction and polarity throughout the coil winding to induce a voltage in the coil with changing polarity in unison with the damped oscillating spherical magnet&#39;s back and forth movement, and occur at the indicated time intervals during the oscillatory motion of the movable magnet  109 . 
         [0047]    The left side view of a generator embodiment with a plunger after being pushed and moved to a point where the plunger&#39;s trigger is moved to a position well beyond the contact point with the spherical magnet&#39;s tooth that allows for the spherical magnet to oscillate back and forth for a few cycles as a result of magnetic engagement of opposite poled focus magnets  101 L,  101 R where the waveform of the coil  106  output voltage to zero is shown in  FIG. 5D , plus the sinewave voltage output from the coil  106  of the generator during the oscillating time period. The surrounding magnetic field emanates throughout the coil winding and the field lines typically initially moves into a maximum distortion pattern (similar to  505 ,  507 ) due to that movement and the magnetic field pattern undulates and changes direction and polarity throughout the coil winding to induce a voltage in the coil  106  with changing polarity in unison with the damped oscillating spherical magnet&#39;s back and forth movement. Also the coil  106  exemplary output voltage waveform  509  over time (beginning at t 1 , then t 2 , t 3 , t 4 , t 5 , t 6 , and t 7 )is shown showing the damping  309  mechanism as it rings down from a maximum swing to a minimum and eventually to a non-motion rest equilibrium low energy state. 
         [0048]      FIG. 6A  is a left side elevation view of a generator embodiment with a plunger  611  in a rest position having a concentrated and specially designed set of focus magnets  661 L,  661 R having alternating poles (over the thickness of the coil  607  thereon as illustrated as a vertical distance in  FIG. 7B ), and to provide as a non-contact Poly-magnet trigger mechanism  613  to magnetically engage and rotate the magnet  607 , which may also be a Poly-magnet as described herein, with alternating peripheral poles. plus a typical substantially zero output waveform  301 A from the surrounding coil  106  during the initial (no movement) rest time. 
         [0049]      FIG. 6B  is a left side elevation view of the embodiment of  FIG. 6A  with a plunger pushed into action and causing the spherical magnet  607  housing to rotate to the left plus a typical non-zero output waveform  307 A of a low amplitude voltage waveform for a time period of movement while the magnet  607  and the trigger  613  are still magnetically engaged. The surrounding magnetic field emanates throughout the coil winding  606  and the field lines  601 snu,  601 nsd moves into a distortion pattern due to that movement of the spherical magnet  607 . 
         [0050]      FIG. 6C  is a left side elevation view of the embodiment of  FIG. 6A , wherein the non-contact proximity Poly-magnet trigger mechanism  613 , is displace to the right of the resting position shown in  FIG. 6A  while maintaining magnetic coupling to the rotating magnet  613  until time t 1 , providing a typical non-zero output waveform  309 A of a low amplitude voltage waveform corresponding to the slow movement of the trigger  613 . When the motion of the plunger  611  and trigger  613  are moved to exceed a distance that magnetic coupling with the rotating magnet  607  can be maintained, the rotating magnet  607  rotationally oscillates on its axis supports and generates a sinusoidal waveform  609  typically decaying  503 A over time periods t 2 , t 3 , t 4 , t 5 , t 6 , t 7 , etc as the rotating (oscillating) magnet mechanical energy is converted to electrical energy applied to the load  501  and to normal friction losses. The surrounding magnetic field emanates throughout the coil winding and the field lines  601 nsu,  601 snd moves into a distortion pattern due to the trigger movement that pushed the spherical rotatable magnet and then further moved the spherical rotatable magnet to a point (t 1 ) where the plunger&#39;s trigger is moved to a rightward position well beyond and breaking engagement with the spherical magnet&#39;s ‘tooth’ that allows for the spherical magnet to oscillate back and forth and the magnetic field pattern undulates and changes direction and polarity throughout the coil winding to induce a voltage in the coil with changing polarity in unison with the damped oscillating spherical magnet&#39;s back and forth movement. A similar effect is produced when in regard to  FIG. 6B , the trigger  613  is moved sufficiently leftward to break engagement with the rotating magnet  607 , releasing the rotating magnet to oscillate and generate a sinusoidal electrical energy similar to the waveforms  309 A of  FIG. 6C . 
         [0051]    A typical neodymium magnet  700  with a bi-polar configuration of a North Pole  701  volume and a South Pole  703  volume separated at a substantially uniform boundary  705  is shown in the perspective view of  FIG. 7A . Each magnetic pole occupies substantially all of a surface except for a surface having the boundary  705  therein. 
         [0052]    A perspective view of a poly-magnet  710  is shown in  FIG. 7B  and has a plurality of North  717  and South Pole  719  sub-volumes and unlike a typical magnet of  FIG. 7A  where the magnet comprises only a single North and a single South Pole, the Poly-magnet has a plurality of alternating regions of North and South Poles, including a single surface that may have a plurality of alternating magnetic poles. In the exemplary embodiment show, the magnetic pole regions  717 ,  719  are elongated and/or layered; however, alternate dispositions of magnetic poles are possible and included in the scope of the present invention. 
         [0053]    Another embodiment is shown in  FIG. 8 , which is a simplified schematic illustration of a key motion energy harvesting generator embodiment including an associated encompassed coil  801  in the resultant magnetic field of a central magnet  803  disposed within the coil  801  and a group of focus magnets each having their respective North pole ( 805 N,  807 N) and South pole ( 86 S,  807 S) disposed as taught above, forming an attraction field with the North and South poles of the central magnet  803  when in its quiescent state with its magnetic poles substantially aligned with the poles of the focus magnets. A key  811  is dimensioned to be received into a port  809  of the central magnet  803  or a part connected thereto to receive a turning force applied from the key by a user or attached mechanism. Upon rotation of the key  811  and the central magnet  803 , the magnetic field between the magnetic poles of the central magnet  803  and the focus magnets will changes, e.g. as shown with regard to the above embodiments, and the coil  801  will experience a significant change in magnetic flux thereacross and therethrough. The magnetic coil  803  is wound in accordance with the teaching of the present invention and to experience a change in magnetic flux as provided by the relative rotation of the central magnet  803  relative to the focus magnets. Moreover, alternate embodiments may include additional focus magnets according to the present invention. 
         [0054]    A further embodiment  900  is shown in  FIG. 9A  that provides a simplified side view of a staggered multi-trigger arrangement having spaced adjacent triggers  911 A,  911 B,  911 C along a surface of an intervening contacting member such as complex plunger rotor  901  that triggers and moves the axially extending tooth  903  of a ball magnet enclosure  905  a plurality of times for each unidirectional (monotonic motion) actuation of the plunger actuator  902  (tangentially attached to the rotor  901  rotatable about a pivot  915 ) to sequentially engage triggers  911 A,  911 B,  911 C with the tooth  903  to rotate the magnet  905  as taught in the above embodiments, to generate a series of damped sinewaves from the coil  907  surrounding the rotatable magnet  905  that result from the movement action in accordance to Faraday&#39;s Law, between engagement of subsequent triggers (e.g.  911 B,  911 C). This illustration shows a rest position with the magnetic poles of the rotatable magnet  905  aligned with opposite poles of focus magnets  909 A,  909 B. 
         [0055]    The illustration of the embodiment  900  shown in the simplified side elevation view of  FIG. 9B  shows an initial pushed position of the actuator  902  moving a first tooth  911 A striking the radial member  903  to rotate the magnet  905  within the coil  907  as taught above, generate at least one damped sinewave output voltage from the coil  907 . 
         [0056]    A further position of the actuator  902  and connected member is shown in the simplified elevational illustration  FIG. 9C  that shows the actuator  902  and connected members positioned on the other side of the initial (resting, quiescent) position that according to the present invention and as taught above, would have generated at least one damped sinewave after striking the radial member  903  in response to a second  911 B and third  911 C tooth. 
         [0057]    A further embodiment  1000  of the present invention is shown in  FIG. 10 , comprising a coil  1005  having terminal wires  1006  disposed around an open area  1007  over a width  1011  of the open area substantially bisected by a midline  1008  axis. The embodiment  1000  of  FIG. 10  has a section view offset from the midline axis  1008 , and also includes groups of focus magnets  1001 LC,  1001 LR and  1001 RR,  1001 RC (and other magnets not shown due to the cross-section, analogous to focus magnets of other embodiments described herein), the magnet width (the magnet dimension perpendicular to an axis of N and S poles of each focus magnet) substantially centered on the width  1011  of, and preferably in close proximity to, the coil  1005 , and a coil edges at the end of the coil width  1011 . 
         [0058]    A generally cylindrical magnet  1009  having N and S poles one opposite ends of the cylinder, is received into the open area  1007  and is disposed to rotate on an axis  1004  extending between the N and S poles, preferably offset from the midline axis  1008  and proximal to the edge of the coil  1005  width  1011 . A cam  1112  is connected to the magnet  1009  at the axis  1004  includes a recess (i.e. a radial dimension extending from the axis  1004 ) relative to the adjoining cam  1112  radial surface, which together complement and engage an actuator  1200  mounted member  1205  tip  1206 , which is disposed to engage and rotate the cam  1112  (and therefore also the magnet  1009  within the opening  1007  when the actuator  1200  is moved  1222 . The  FIG. 11A  shows the actuator  1200  member  1205  at the beginning of the engagement of the cam  1112 , with the magnet  1009  oriented in a quiescent (rest) position having its N and S magnets facing oppositely poled focus magnets. Confronting and engaging surface profiles of cam  1111  and member  1205  other than shown are within the scope of the present invention. 
         [0059]    The embodiment of  FIG. 10  is shown in  FIG. 11A  with the actuator  1200  moved by motion  1222 A so that the member  1205  further engages the magnet  1009  cam  1112  with the tip  1206  approaching the recess  1111 , and the magnet  1009  poles rotated approximately 45 degrees from the prior position. 
         [0060]    In  FIG. 11B , further motion  1222 B is applied causing the actuator  1200  member  1205  tip  1206  to fully enter the cam  1112  recess  1111 , in turn causing the magnet  1009  to further rotate on the axis  1004  so that the N and S poles are aligned to be substantially parallel to the coil  1004  width  1011 . 
         [0061]    As further motion  1222 C is applied, the tip  1206  and the cam  1112  recess  1111  begin to separate as shown in  FIG. 11C , causing the magnet  1009  to continue to rotate bringing the magnet N and S poles relatively closer to the same S and N polarity poles of the focus magnets (e.g.  1001 LC and  1001 RC), introducing a repelling force therebetween. As the actuator  1200  is advanced by motion  1222 D to its extreme position shown in  FIG. 11D , the repulsion between similarly pole magnet  1009  and focus magnets urges the magnet  1009  in close proximity (e.g.  FIG. 11C ) to thereafter return to the orientation of  FIG. 11A , and in the absence of engagement with the member  1205  due to its advancement as shown in  FIG. 11D , continues to rotate beyond the position of  FIG. 11A , and again return periodically to and move past (or oscillate) the position of  FIG. 11A  in a decaying cyclical manner until the kinetic energy of the moving magnet  1009  is converted electricity and/or dissipated to mechanical losses. 
         [0062]    A molded or bonded coil winding (e.g. by epoxy glue or other self-supporting device or method omitting at least a portion of the bobbin) to which the other disclosed and/or claimed structures relate is considered the equivalent to the disclosed and claimed combination of the bobbin  105  and wire coil thereon for the purpose of this invention. Moreover, embodiments of the rotating magnet  109  and axels  111 A,  1118  or their equivalent, without the encapsulation or coverings and including shapes such as cylindrical or otherwise shaped having poles disposed therealong according to the present invention are within the scope of the present invention. Furthermore, also within the scope of the present invention are embodiments having a single focus magnet shaped to surround the coil according to the present invention to replace a plurality of similarly poled focus magnets. These and further embodiments are within the scope of the present invention, which is not to be limited except by the claims which follow.