Abstract:
This invention relates to new derivatives of pyridine having hypo-uricemic or hypolipemic properties. 
     The new derivatives of pyridine may be represented by the following general formula: ##STR1## in which X represents an oxy or thio group, R 1  represents hydrogen, a group of the formula R 3  NHCO (II), wherein R 3  represents a C 1  -C 4  -alkyl, cycloalkyl or possibly substituted phenyl group, or a group of the formula R 4  --CO (III) in which R 4  represents a C 1-  C 4  -alkyl group or a possibly substituted phenyl group, and R&#39;, R&#34; and R&#39;&#34; represent each a possible substituent selected from the group comprising the halogens, the trifluoromethyl and the C 1-  C 4  alkyl groups.

Description:
This application is a continuation-in-part application of Ser. No. 568,759, filed Apr. 16, 1975, now U.S. Pat. No. 4,018,929. 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
     This invention relates to new derivatives of pyridine, their preparation and use. 
     The new derivatives of pyridine are of the following formula: ##STR2## in which X represents an oxy or thio group; R 1  represents hydrogen or a group of the formula: ##STR3## wherein R 3  represents a C 1  -C 4  alkyl, cycloalkyl, unsubstituted phenyl or substituted phenyl group, or a group of the formula: 
     
         R.sub.4 CO                                                 (III) 
    
     wherein R 4  represents a C 1  -C 4  alkyl group or a possibly substituted phenyl group; R&#39;, R&#34; and R&#39;&#34; represent each hydrogen or a substituent selected from the group comprising the halogen atoms, the trifluoromethyl group and the C 1  -C 4  alkyl groups. 
     The invention also relates to the N-oxides of the compounds of formula I in which the oxygen atom is attached to the nitrogen atom of the pyridine, and to the base and acid addition salts of said compounds. 
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
     The compounds according to this invention, i.e. the compounds of formula I, may be prepared by various processes: 
     First Process 
     When it is desired to obtain a compound of formula I, wherein R 1  represents a R 3  NHCO group as defined above, a first process comprises reacting a compound of the following formula: ##STR4## in which X, R&#39;, R&#34; and 4&#39;&#34; are as defined above, with an isocyanate of the formula: 
     
         R.sub.3 N ═ C ═ O                                  (V) 
    
     in which R 3  has the above meanings. 
     Second Process 
     When it is desired to obtain a compound of formula I, wherein R 1  represents a R 3  NHCO group as defined above, another process comprises reacting a compound of formula IV with an alkylhaloformate of the formula: ##STR5## in which R 7  represents a C 1  -C 4  -alkyl group and Hal represents an halogen atom, and an amine of the formula: 
     
         R.sub.3 NH.sub.2                                           (VII) 
    
     in which R 3  has the above meanings. 
     Third Process 
     When it is desired to obtain a compound of formula I, wherein R 1  represents hydrogen, a R 3  NHCO group as above defined or a R 4  CO group as above defined, this process comprises reacting a compound of the formula: ##STR6## in which R 1  is as defined above, with a phenolate or thiophenolate of the formula: ##STR7## in which X, R&#39;, R&#34; and R&#39;&#34; are as defined above. 
     Fourth Process: 
     When it is desired to obtain a compound of formula I, wherein R 1  represents a R 4  CO group as defined above, this process comprises reacting a compound of formula IV with an anhydride of an alkane-carboxylic or arylcarboxylic acid of the formula: 
     
         (R.sub.4 --CO).sub.2 O                                     (X) 
    
     or with a chloride of an alkane-carboxylic or arylcarboxylic acid of the formula: 
     
         R.sub.4 COCl                                               (XI) 
    
     Fifth Process 
     When it is desired to obtain a compound of formula I, in which R 1  represents R 3  NHCO, a further process comprises heating a compound of formula I, in which R 1  represents a R 3  NHCS group, in an aqueous-alcoholic solution of sodium carbonate with an excess of HgO. 
     Sixth Process 
     When it is desired to obtain the N-oxides of the compounds of formula I, the above processes are applied, except that the corresponding N-oxides of the starting pyridine derivatives are used. 
     Seventh Process 
     When it is desired to obtain the N-oxides of the compounds of formula I, the process comprises treating a compound of formula I with meta-chloroperoxy-benzoic acid. 
     The compounds of formula IV, which are used as starting material in the first and second processes, may be prepared by the third above-described process, starting with a 4-halogeno-pyridine-sulfonamide. 
     The compounds of formula I in which R 1  represents R 3  NHCS, which are used as starting materials in the fifth process, may be prepared by the first above-described process, using isothiocyanate instead of isocyanate. 
     It has been found that the compounds of formula I have hypo-uricemying or hypolipemying properties. Specifically, it has been found that the compounds of formula I, in which the phenoxy or thiophenoxy moiety is substituted by trifluorometyl or alkyl, have more particularly hypo-uricemying properties. The compounds of formula I in which the phenoxy or thiophenoxy moiety is substituted by halogens or nitro, have more particularly hypolipemying properties. 
     These properties have been tested for a large number of compounds according to the invention. 
     In these tests, 50 mg of the compound to be tested per kg of body weight, were administered to rats during 7 days. At the end of this treatment, the uric acid rate (URA) and the triglyceride rate (TG) were determined in the blood of the treated animals and compared to that of a group of reference animals. 
     The hypo-uricemying and hypolipemying activities are expressed as the percent decrease of the URA- or TG rate with respect to reference animals. 
     The results of the tests are given in the following tables. 
     
                                           TABLE I__________________________________________________________________________hypo-uricemying activity                          Percent                          decreaseCompound   Formula I           of URACode Nr Example      X R.sub.1   R&#39;, R&#34;, R&#39;&#34;                          rate__________________________________________________________________________553   21   S methylcarbamyl                  3-trifluoro-                          37                  methyl554   22   S ethylcarbamyl                  &#34;       18555   23   S propylcarbamyl                  &#34;       72556   24   S isopropylcarbamyl                  &#34;       80529    9   S butylcarbamyl                  &#34;       59557   25   S tert.-butyl-                  &#34;       70        carbamyl530   10   S cyclohexyl-                  &#34;       62        carbamyl528    8   S hydrogen  &#34;        2552   20   S acetyl    &#34;       57532   12   S propionyl &#34;       39531   11   S parachlorobenzyl                  &#34;       43674   79   S methylcarbamyl                  4-methyl                           6675   80   S ethylcarbamyl                  &#34;        4676   81   S propylcarbamyl                  &#34;        5677   82   S isopropylcarbamyl                  &#34;       27678   83   S butylcarbamyl                  &#34;       23671   76   S hydrogen  &#34;        4672   77   S acetyl    &#34;       27__________________________________________________________________________ 
    
     
                                           TABLE II__________________________________________________________________________hypolipemying activity                           PercentCompound   Formula I            decreaseCode Nr Example      X R.sub.1   R&#39;, R&#34;, R&#39;&#34;                           of TG rate__________________________________________________________________________546   14   S methylcarbamyl                  3-chloro 18547   15   S ethylcarbamyl                  &#34;         0384    6   S propylcarbamyl                  &#34;        22548   16   S isopropylcarbamyl                  &#34;        44385    7   S tert.-butyl-                  &#34;        39        carbamyl610   65   S phenylcarbamyl                  &#34;        20551   19   S parachloro-                  &#34;        43        phenylcarbamyl549   17   S cyclohexyl-                  &#34;        14        carbamyl560   28   S methylcarbamyl                  3,4-dichloro                           27573   30   S ethylcarbamyl                  &#34;        14576   29   S propylcarbamyl                  &#34;        31574   31   S isopropylcarbamyl                  &#34;        24577   34   S butylcarbamyl                  &#34;        16575   32   S tert.-butyl-                  &#34;        38        carbamyl581   38   S methylcarbamyl                  3,5-dichloro                           38582   39   S ethylcarbamyl                  &#34;        38583   40   S propylcarbamyl                  &#34;        31588   45   S isopropylcarbamyl                  &#34;        45589   46   S butylcarbamyl                  &#34;        24584   41   S tert.-butyl-                  &#34;        37        carbamyl585   42   S cyclohexyl-                  &#34;        34        carbamyl594   51   S methylcarbamyl                  2,6-dichloro                           32595   52   S ethylcarbamyl                  &#34;        44596   53   S propylcarbamyl                  &#34;        32598   55   S butylcarbamyl                  &#34;        16599   56   S tert.-butyl-                  &#34;        33        carbamyl605   62   S propylcarbamyl                  2,6-dichloro-                            5                  3-methyl606   63   S isopropylcarbamyl                  &#34;        22607   64   S butylcarbamyl                  &#34;        21361    2   S hydrogen  3-chloro 35362    3   S acetyl    &#34;        18545   13   S propionyl &#34;        27559   27   S acetyl    3,4-dichloro                           30561   29   S propionyl &#34;        55578   35   S parachlorobenzyl                  &#34;        17579   36   S hydrogen  3,5-dichloro                           32586   43   S acetyl    &#34;        50580   37   S propionyl &#34;        31587   44   S parachlorobenzyl                  &#34;        23591   48   S hydrogen  2,6-dichloro                           16592   49   S acetyl    &#34;        40593   50   S propionyl &#34;        38601   58   S hydrogen  2,6-dichloro-                           17                  3-methyl602   59   S acetyl    &#34;        18603   60   S propionyl &#34;        17360   1    O hydrogen  3-chloro 19365   5    O propylcarbamyl                  &#34;        12__________________________________________________________________________ 
    
     This invention relates therefore also to pharmaceutical compositions containing as active ingredient at least one compound of the formula I, or a N-oxide of such a compound of a base- or acid-addition salt thereof, together with a pharmaceutically acceptable vehicle or carrier. 
     The compounds of this invention may be administered in the form of dragees, tablets, capsules and suppositories at daily doses of 50 to 300 mg of active compund. 
    
    
     EXAMPLES 
     The following examples illustrate the preparation of compounds of formula I. 
     EXAMPLE 1 
     Preparation of 3-sulfonamido-4-(3&#39;-chloro)-phenoxypyridine 
     (formula I: R&#39; = 3-chloro; R 1  = H and X = O). 
     Third process - A mixture of 3-sulfonamido-4-chloropyridine (0.02 mole), sodium meta-chlorophenolate (0.04 mole) and meta-chlorophenol (0.02 mole) is heated and maintained at about 160°-180° C during 1/2 hour. The mixture is taken up with 100 ml of alcohol, acidified by means of acetic acid and diluted with water. The desired product precipitates; m.p. 161°-163° C (white crystals). 
     EXAMPLE 2 
     Preparation of 3-sulfonamido-4-(3&#39;-chloro)-thiophenoxypyridine 
     (formula I: R&#39; = 3-chlorophenyl; R 1  = H and X = S). 
     Third process--The following mixture is allowed to boil during 1 hour: 0.02 mole of 3-sulfonamido-4-chloropyridine and 0.03 mole of sodium methachlorothiophenolate. The mixture is diluted with an excess of water and acidified with acetic acid. The product crystallizes as white crystals; m.p. 150°-152° C. 
     EXAMPLE 3 
     Preparation of 3-acetylsulfonamido-4-(3-chloro)-thiophenoxypyridine 
     (formula I: R&#39; = 3-chloro; R 1  = COCH 3  and X = S). 
     A. fourth Process 
     3-sulfonamido-4-(3&#39;-chloro)-thiophenoxypyridine (5 g) is contacted with pyridine (25 ml) and acetic anhydride (25 ml) during 3 hours. The reacted mixture is poured into an excess of 10% NaOH, filtered if necessary and acidified by means of acetic acid. The product is separated, purified by dissolution in 200 ml of 5% NaHCO 3  in a mixture of water and alcohol (3:1) and again precipitated by means of acetic acid. 
     B. third Process 
     3-acetylsulfonamido-4-chloropyridine (0.01 mole) and sodium metachlorothiophenolate (0.01 mole) and absolute ethanol (100 ml) are reflux heated during 1 hour. After distillation of 50 ml of ethanol, the mixture is diluted with an excess of water, giving a precipitate which is purified and isolated as in part A of this example. White product; m.p. 229°-230° C. 
     EXAMPLE 4 
     Preparation of 3-butylcarbamylsulfonamido-4-(3&#39;-chloro)thiophenoxypyridine 
     (formula I: R&#39; = 3-chloro; R 1  = CONHC 4  H 9  and X = S). 
     A. First process - 3-sulfonamido-4-(3&#39;-chloro)thiophenoxypyridine (0.02 mole) is reacted with n-butylisocyanate (0.025 mole) in the presence of 1 to 2 ml of triethylamine by heating at 85°-95° C during 10 hours. The residue is taken up with alcohol (30 ml) and NaOH 2N, acidified by means of acetic acid and then diluted with an excess of water which gives a precipitate. The mixture is treated with a 5% solution of sodium bicarbonate in a mixture (3:1) of water and alcohol during 1 hour, then filtered and acidified, whereby the desired product precipitates. 
     B. The same product is also obtained by the third process using sodium metachlorothiophenolate and absolute ethanol as a diluent, in the manner described in example 1. 
     In both instances, one obtains a white product; m.p. 195°-197° C. 
     EXAMPLE 5 
     Preparation of 3-propylcarbamylsulfonamido-4-(3&#39;-chloro)phenoxypyridine 
     (formula I: R&#39; = 3-chloro; R 1  = CONHC 3  H 7  and X = O). 
     First process - 3-sulfonamido-4-(3&#39;-chloro)phenoxypyridine (0.01 mole) is intimately mixed with propylisocyanate (0.0125 mole) and triethylamine (0.5 -1 ml). The mixture thus obtained is maintained 4 hours at 85°-95° C, taken up with 50 ml of alcohol and a few ml of NaOH 2N, heated to dissolve any soluble matter, acidified with acetic acid. 300 ml of water are then added thereto. The product is purified and isolated as described previously, using a solution of NaHCO 3  to give small white crystals; m.p. 177°-179° C. 
     EXAMPLES 6 to 84 
     Applying any of the above-described methods, the following compounds listed in the table hereinafter are prepared. Unless otherwise specified, all these products are white crystals, sparingly soluble in water, more soluble in alcohol and acetone, soluble in mineral acids and in bases: the acylsulfonamides and carbaminoylsulfonamides are soluble in hydroalcoholic solutions of NaHCO 3 . The preferred recrystallization solvents are methanol, ethanol, ethanol-water and acetone-water mixtures, and sometimes ligroine. 
     
         __________________________________________________________________________                          Melting                          pointExampleCode Nr      X R.sub.1   R&#39;, R&#34;, R&#39;&#34;                          (° C)__________________________________________________________________________ 6   384   S propylcarbamyl                  3-chloro                          174-176 7   385   S tert.-butyl-                  &#34;       128        carbamyl 8   528   S hydrogen  3-trifluoro-                          165                  methylphenyl 9   529   S butylcarbamyl                  &#34;       167-16810   530   S cyclohexyl-                  &#34;       183-185        carbamyl11   531   S parachloro-                  &#34;       203-205        benzoyl12   532   S propionyl &#34;       169-17113   545   S propionyl 3-chloro                          229-23014   546   S methylcarbamyl                  &#34;       18215   547   S ethylcarbamyl                  &#34;       19016   548   S isopropyl-                  &#34;       208        carbamyl17   549   S phenylcarbamyl                  &#34;       17018   550   S parachloro-                  &#34;       223-225        benzoyl19   551   S parachloro-                  &#34;       223        phenylcarbamyl20   552   S acetyl    3-trifluoro-                          190                  methylphenyl21   553   S methylcarbamyl                  &#34;       19622   554   S ethylcarbamyl                  &#34;       14223   555   S propylcarbamyl                  &#34;       15624   556   S isopropyl-                  &#34;       165        carbamyl25   557   S tert.-butyl-                  &#34;       180        carbamyl26   558   S hydrogen  3,4-dichloro                          16627   559   S acetyl    &#34;       27028   560   S methylcarbamyl                  &#34;       22729   561   S propionyl &#34;       25430   573   S ethylcarbamyl                  &#34;       186-18831   574   S isopropyl-                  &#34;       221        carbamyl32   575   S tert.-butyl-                  &#34;       204-206        carbamyl33   576   S propylcarbamyl                  &#34;       207-20934   577   S butylcarbamyl                  &#34;       20735   578   S parachloro-                  &#34;       275-276        benzoyl36   579   S hydrogen  3,5-dichloro                          206-20837   580   S propionyl &#34;       21038   581   S methylcarbamyl                  &#34;       214-21639   582   S ethylcarbamyl                  &#34;       195-19740   583   S propylcarbamyl                  &#34;       207-20941   584   S tert.-butyl-                  &#34;       156-158        carbamyl42   585   S cyclohexylcarbamyl                  &#34;       191-19343   586   S acetyl    &#34;       225-22744   587   S benzoyl   &#34;       268-27045   588   S isopropyl-                  &#34;       198-200        carbamyl46   589   S butylcarbamyl                  &#34;       168-17047   590   S phenylcarbamyl                  3,4-dichloro                          22148   591   S hydrogen  2,6-dichloro                          26849   592   S acetyl    &#34;       250-25250   593   S propionyl &#34;       224-22651   594   S methylcarbamyl                  &#34;       223-22552   595   S ethylcarbamyl                  &#34;       207-20853   596   S propylcarbamyl                  &#34;       218-22054   597   S isopropyl-                  &#34;       214-215        carbamyl55   598   S butylcarbamyl                  &#34;       185-18756   599   S tert.-butyl-                  &#34;       125-127        carbamyl57   600   S phenylcarbamyl                  &#34;       222-224                  2,6-dichloro-58   601   S hydrogen  3-methyl                          214-21659   602   S acetyl    &#34;       238-24060   603   S propionyl &#34;       243-24561   604   S ethylcarbamyl                  &#34;       21162   605   S propylcarbamyl                  &#34;       18563   606   S isopropyl-                  &#34;       201-203        carbamyl64   607   S butylcarbamyl                  &#34;       138-14065   610   S phenylcarbamyl                  3-chloro                          12366   611   S phenylcarbamyl                  3-trifluoro-                          180                  methylphenyl67   612   S parachloro-                  &#34;       177-179        phenylcarbamyl68   613   S hydrogen  3-methyl                          162-16469   614   S acetyl    &#34;       198-20070   615   S propionyl &#34;       206-20971   616   S methylcarbamyl                  &#34;       17872   617   S ethylcarbamyl                  &#34;       19773   618   S propylcarbamyl                  &#34;       192-19374   619   S isopropyl-                  &#34;       182-183        carbamyl75   620   S butylcarbamyl                  &#34;       15376   671   S hydrogen  4-methyl                          164-17077   672   S acetyl    &#34;       247-24878   673   S propionyl &#34;       214-21579   674   S methylcarbamyl                  &#34;       17780   675   S ethylcarbamyl                  &#34;       16381   676   S propylcarbamyl                  &#34;       202-20482   677   S isorpopyl-                  &#34;       208        carbamyl83   678   S butylcarbamyl                  &#34;       188-19084   679   S phenylcarbamyl                  &#34;       152__________________________________________________________________________