Abstract:
A timepiece movement including a tourbillon that has a rotating carriage bearing a sprung balance and an escapement. The carriage includes a top pivot and a bottom pivot, respectively carried by a top bridge and a bottom bridge of the carriage. The carriage pivots between a bottom plate of the timepiece movement and a bridge of the movement. The timepiece movement includes a stop member, arranged for limiting the axial shake of the carriage.

Description:
This application claims priority from European Patent Application No. 09176352.4 filed 18.11.2009, the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference. 
     FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
     The invention relates to the field of watchmaking or jewellery. It concerns more specifically a device for securing a strap or bracelet to an object, in particular to a watchcase. 
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     Generally, straps or bracelets, made of leather or metal are fixed to the horns of a watchcase, via a bar formed of a tube, in which are mounted two pistons that can move in translation, and an elastic member arranged between said pistons which tends to drive them towards the exterior of the tube. Said bar is mounted in a housing provided for this purpose at one end of the strap or bracelet, and the pistons are engaged in blind bores made facing each other in the horns of the case. 
     To remove a strap or bracelet secured to a case in this manner, a tool is required, designed to push the pistons back into the tube, against the force exerted by the elastic member, and thereby remove the pistons from the bores. The person wearing the watch does not permanently have such a tool available and, further, the use thereof can be inconvenient. This is why straps and bracelets provided with this type of securing device are generally permanently attached to the watch. 
     There also exist securing devices that allow the strap or bracelet to be removed from the case without using a tool. Such devices usually include a bar, of the type described above, on which a member for actuating the pistons is mounted, passing through the tube. Said actuating member is, for example, a radial finger integral with one of the pistons, as described in CH Patent No 327838. The finger is slidably mounted through an axial slot made in the tube and the movement thereof along the slot pushes one of the pistons back inside the tube. In CH Patent No. 697152, the actuating member is a push-button movably mounted radially through the tube. The pistons are provided with support surfaces located opposite each other when the two pistons are head to tail inside the tube. The push-button includes two arms that cooperate with said support surfaces so as to draw the pistons towards the inside of the tube when said push-button is pushed in. 
     The securing devices thus described are generally used for interchangeable straps or bracelets, which can be replaced as the user desires. They are not, however, free of drawbacks. It will be noted, in particular, that they require major structural alterations to the bar, such as, for example, making an opening in the tube, or transforming the pistons. These changes lead to significant increases in manufacturing costs. These securing devices further include a projecting element, namely the actuating member, which may become caught on or injure the person wearing the watch. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention overcomes these drawbacks by proposing a device for securing a strap or bracelet that includes a standard bar and at least one non-projecting actuating member. More precisely, the invention concerns a device for securing a strap or bracelet to an object, particularly a watchcase, including a bar formed of a tube in which there are housed at least a first piston that is mobile in translation and an elastic member that tends to drive the piston towards the exterior of the tube. According to the invention, the securing device further includes a mechanism for actuating the bar, including a first bent arm, slidably mounted axially relative to the bar between a retracted position A and a deployed position B, and one end of which cooperates with the first piston to push said piston towards the interior of the tube, and a first control member cooperating with the first arm to move it from retracted position A to deployed position B and vice versa. 
     Owing to the bent shape thereof the sliding arm can actuate the piston from the exterior of the bar, via one of the ends thereof, without any structural modification of the bar. 
     In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the first control member is formed of a lever pivotally mounted above the first arm, between a turned down position C, and an upright position D, respectively corresponding to the deployed position B and withdrawn position A of the first arm. 
     Owing to this feature of the control member, the latter does not project relative to the rest of the device when the piston is in deployed position B, in particular when the strap or bracelet is secured to a watchcase. 
     In one possible embodiment, the strap or bracelet includes a housing in which the bar is mounted, and the actuating mechanism is fixed to the strap or bracelet in proximity to the bar. In another possible embodiment, the actuating mechanism is integral with the bar and the strap or bracelet includes a housing containing said mechanism, the first control member being mounted so as to emerge from the housing. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       Other features and advantages of the present invention will appear more clearly from the following detailed description of an example embodiment of a device for securing a strap or bracelet according to the invention, this example being given purely by way of non-limiting illustration, with reference to the annexed drawings, in which: 
         FIG. 1  is a perspective view of a securing device according to the invention integrated in a leather strap; 
         FIG. 2  shows the same device mounted on a link of a metal bracelet, 
         FIG. 3  illustrates a first longitudinal cross-section of the securing device according to the invention, and 
         FIG. 4  is a second longitudinal cross-section, perpendicular to the first, of said device. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
     The securing device shown in  FIGS. 1 and 2  and referenced as a whole as  1 , includes, in a conventional manner, a bar  10  of axis AA, mounted in a housing  11  provided for this purpose in a leather, metal or plastic strap or bracelet. In  FIG. 1 , said housing  11  is formed by fold in a leather strap at one end thereof, whereas in  FIG. 2 , it is formed of a bore passing through the link for attaching a metal bracelet. In both cases, housing  11  is provided, at the ends thereof, with two axial recesses  12  made in the inner face of the strap or bracelet, i.e. the face that will come into contact with the wrist. The function of these recesses  12  will be described below. Bar  10  includes, in a standard manner, a tube  13 , not visible in  FIGS. 1 and 2 , in which two pistons  14  with a collar are slidably mounted. An elastic member, such as a helical spring, is conventionally inserted between the two pistons  14 , to drive them towards the exterior of tube  13 . 
     According to the invention, securing device  1  further includes a mechanism  20  for actuating bar  10 , mounted on the inner face of the strap or bracelet, above housing  11 . It includes a support element  21 , secured to the strap or bracelet at the location described above. Support element  21  is, for example, glued or screwed onto the leather strap. In the metal bracelet, it can be screwed, welded or snap fitted in a cavity  22  provided for such purpose. In the embodiment shown, support element  21  is formed overall of a flat parallelepiped. In a variant, it could be formed of two U-shaped bars mounted opposite and parallel to each other. 
     Actuating member  20  for bar  10  is shown in  FIGS. 3 and 4  in two longitudinal cross-sections, respectively perpendicular to support element  21 , passing through axis AA of bar  10 , and in the plane of said element. Support element  21  includes two longitudinal slots  23 , open on both lateral sides of the parallelepiped, in which two arms  24  are slidably mounted. The latter are formed overall of two bent L-shaped strips, whose longest strands  25  are slidably mounted inside slots  23 , between a retracted position A and a deployed position B, and whose shortest strands  26  cooperate with pistons  14 . For this purpose, the short strands  26  are pierced with a hole  27  at the end thereof, in which the ends of pistons  14  are freely engaged. The latter are also provided with a collar  28  forming a shoulder  29  against which the short strands  26  rest. In deployed position B, short strands  26  are flush with the edges of the strap or bracelet, and the end of pistons  14  projects relative to housing  11 , whereas in retracted position A, they are positioned at the bottom of recesses  12 , and pistons  14  are entirely engaged in housing  11 . 
     The long strands  25  are slit at the ends thereof, each thus separating into two fingers  30  forming an elastic U-shape in the plane of said strands  25 . Fingers  30  are provided with a protruding portion  31 , extending outwards in the plane of strands  25 . Slots  23  are provided with a first constricted portion  32  for guiding arms  24  and for cooperating with protruding portions  31  to prevent arms  24  from exiting cavities  23  in deployed position B. They further include a second constricted portion  33 , located in proximity to the bottom thereof, for cooperating with protruding portions  31  to lock arms  24  in retracted position A. Long strands  25  are further provided with an aperture  34 , located in proximity to the bend in arms  24 , the function of which will become clear below. 
     It will be noted that, if support element is formed of two, parallel-mounted, U-shaped bars, arms  24  are slidably mounted inside said bars. Like slots  23 , the bars are then provided with constricted portions  32  and  33  for locking arms  24 . 
     Actuating mechanism  20  for bar  10  further includes two control members  35  for arms  24 , pivotally mounted on support element  21 , between a turned down position C and an upright position D, above arms  24 . Said control members  35  are overall formed of a lever, pivotally mounted about an axis BB perpendicular to axis AA and approximately parallel to the plane of support element  21 . Said lever is bent so as to form an actuating finger  36  oriented at right angles or a slightly obtuse angle, which is engaged in aperture  34  in long strands  25 . 
     The securing device thus described operates as follows. Control members  35  are normally in turned down position C on support element  21 . In this position, fingers  36  engaged in apertures  34  push arms  24  towards the exterior of cavities  23 . Arms  24  are then locked in deployed position B, on one side by actuating fingers  36  and on the other side by constricted portion  32 . In this deployed position, pistons  14  of bar  10  are driven towards the exterior of tube  13  by the elastic member inserted between them. The end thereof projects relative to the strap or bracelet. When control members  35  are tilted into upright position D, actuating fingers  36  engaged in apertures  34  push arms  24  towards the interior of cavities  23 . Arms  24  are then locked in retracted position A, by constricted portion  33 . In this retracted position, short strands  26 , resting on shoulders  29 , keep pistons  14  inside housing  11 , against the action of the elastic member inserted between pistons  14 . In this upright position D, the strap or bracelet can be engaged between the horns of a watchcase, provided with blind bores. To secure the strap or bracelet to the case, control members  35  need only be folded down onto casing  31  in position C. The end of pistons  14  engages in the bores and the strap or bracelet is secured to the case. To remove the strap or bracelet from the case, the user need only place control members  35  back upright in position D. Pistons  14  are then released from the blind bores and the strap or bracelet is released. 
     Thus a device  1  for securing a strap or bracelet has been described, provided with a standard type bar and allowing said strap or bracelet to be mounted on or dismantled from a case, without using a tool. Of course, the device for securing a strap or bracelet according to the invention is not limited to the embodiment that has just been described and various simple alterations and variants can be envisaged by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the annexed claims. 
     It will be noted, in particular, that the securing device  1  described above exhibits symmetry relative to a plane perpendicular to axis AA of bar  10 . It is thus provided with two sliding pistons  14 , actuated by two arms  24 , which are controlled by two control members  35 . However, securing device  1  could include a single sliding piston  14 , the other piston  14  then being fixedly mounted. In that case, assembly of the strap or bracelet on the case would have to start with the introduction of the fixed piston in a bore in the horn, with the mobile piston in the retracted position. Once the strap or bracelet is housed between the two horns and the fixed piston is engaged in its bore, the mobile piston would have to be actuated in the deployed position. 
     Moreover, in the embodiment shown, actuating mechanism  20  for bar  10  is separate from bar  10 , and directly mounted on the strap or bracelet. In a variant, actuating device  20  for bar  10  could be integral therewith, with the support element being welded or secured via flanges to the tube. The bar-actuating mechanism assembly would then be mounted in a housing  11  provided for that purpose, from which only control members  35  would emerge.