Abstract:
A new and distinct cultivar of  Corylus  plant named ‘Red Dragon,’ characterized by its outwardly spreading plant habit, twisting stems, rich dark burgundy-colored leaves, burgundy color of the catkins and leaf buds, and resistance to eastern filbert blight caused by the fungus  Anisogramma anomala  (Peck) E. Muller.

Description:
LATIN NAME OF THE GENUS AND SPECIES OF THE PLANT CLAIMED 
       [0001]    
       Corylus avellana  
     
       VARIETY DENOMINATION 
       [0002]    ‘Red Dragon’ 
       BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
       [0003]    The present invention relates to a new and distinct cultivar of  Corylus  plant (hazelnut, filbert), botanically known as  Corylus avellana,  and hereinafter referred to by the name ‘Red Dragon.’ 
         [0004]    The new  Corylus  resulted from a controlled cross of female parent OSU 487.055 and male parent OSU 367.039 made in 1997 by Shawn A. Mehlenbacher and David C. Smith. Neither parent was protected by a plant patent. Hybrid seeds from the cross were harvested in August 1997, stratified, and seedlings grown in the greenhouse during the summer of 1998. From this cross, 42 seedlings with contorted growth habit were planted in the field in October 1998. ‘Red Dragon’ was discovered and selected by the inventors as a single plant within the progeny of the stated cross-pollination in a controlled environment in Corvallis, Oreg., USA. It was originally assigned the designation OSU 897.078, which indicates the row and tree location of the original seedling. 
         [0005]    The female parent OSU 487.055 is from a cross of ‘Contorta’×VR 6-28 (which is a cross of ‘Riccia di Talanico’×‘Gasaway’), and the male parent OSU 367.039 is a red-leaf selection from open-pollination of ‘Contorta.’ The presumed pollen parent of OSU 367.039 is the red leaf cultivar ‘Rode Zeller’ (syn. ‘Rote Zellernuss’), which has a dominant allele at the leaf anthocyanin locus. A tree of ‘Rode Zeller’ was near the ‘Contorta’ tree from which open-pollinated nuts were collected. ‘Red Dragon’ and OSU 487.055 carry in heterozygous state a dominant allele for complete resistance to eastern filbert blight (EFB) from ‘Gasaway.’ Contorted growth habit is conferred by a recessive allele from ‘Contorta’ (syn.  Corylus avellana  var.  contorta ). 
         [0006]    The new cultivar was asexually reproduced by rooted suckers (tie-off layerage of the suckers) annually for three years (2003-2005) and harvested in late November to early January. The layers of ‘Red Dragon’ were moderately vigorous, and rooted with a higher frequency and produced more roots than most other contorted selections. Asexual reproduction was also performed by whip grafting in late spring 2004. ‘Red Dragon’ is also suitable for propagation by micropropagation. The unique features of this new  Corylus  are stable and reproduced true-to-type in successive generations of asexual reproduction. 
       SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
       [0007]    The following traits have been observed and are determined to be the unique characteristics of ‘Red Dragon.’ These characteristics in combination distinguish ‘Red Dragon’ as a new and distinct cultivar: 
         [0008]    1. Outwardly spreading plant habit. 
         [0009]    2. Twisting stems. 
         [0010]    3. Rich dark burgundy-colored developing leaves and rich dark burgundy-colored fully expanded leaves during the spring and summer. 
         [0011]    4. Burgundy color of the catkins and leaf buds. 
         [0012]    5. Resistance to eastern filbert blight caused by the fungus  Anisogramma anomala  (Peck) E. Muller. 
         [0013]    6. Presence of random amplified polymorphic DNA markers 152-800 and 268-580 in DNA of ‘Red Dragon’ amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). These two markers are linked to a dominant allele for resistance to eastern filbert blight from the cultivar ‘Gasaway,’ not patented. 
         [0014]    7. Expression of incompatibility alleles S 6  and S 26  in the styles. 
         [0015]    8. DNA fingerprints at 20 of 28 microsatellite marker loci differ from two plants of ‘Red Majestic’ (U.S. Plant Pat. 16,048). 
         [0016]    In side-by-side comparisons conducted in Corvallis, Oreg., plants of the new  Corylus  differed from plants of the  Corylus avellena  cultivar ‘Contorta,’ not patented, and other cultivars and selections of  Corylus avellena  known to the inventors primarily in leaf coloration and plant size as plants of the cultivar ‘Contorta’ and other cultivars and selections of Corylus avellana had green-colored leaves and were larger than plants of the new  Corylus.  ‘Red Dragon’ leaves retain their dark red color better than ‘Red Majestic’ (U.S. Plant Pat. 16,048). The DNA fingerprint of ‘Red Dragon’ differs from that of two plants of ‘Red Majestic.’ 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE PHOTOGRAPHS 
         [0017]    The accompanying colored photographs illustrate the overall appearance of the new cultivar, showing the colors as true as it is reasonably possible to obtain in colored reproductions of this type. 
           [0018]    The photograph on the first sheet comprises a side perspective view of a typical plant of ‘Red Dragon’ in Corvallis, Oreg. 
           [0019]    The photograph on the second sheet is a close-up view of a typical plant of ‘Red Dragon.’ 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION  
       [0020]    The cultivar ‘Red Dragon’ has not been observed under all possible environmental conditions. The phenotype may vary somewhat with variations in environment such as temperature and light intensity, without, however, any variance in genotype. The aforementioned photographs and following observations and measurements describe plants grown in Corvallis, Oreg. under commercial practice outdoors in the field during the fall, winter, and spring. Plants used for the photographs and description were about four years old. In the following description, color references are made to The Royal Horticultural Society Colour Chart, 1966 Edition, except where general terms of ordinary dictionary significance are used.
   Botanical classification:  Corylus avellana  cultivar ‘Red Dragon.’   Parentage:
             Female, or seed, parent.—Corylus avellana  selection OSU 487.055, not patented.     Male, or pollen, parent.—Corylus avellana  selection OSU 367.039, not patented.       
       Propagation:
             Type.— rooted suckers.     Time to initiate roots.— About 30 days at 20° C.     Time to produce a rooted young plant.— About six months at 22° C.     Root description.— Fine to thick; freely branching; creamy white in color.     Type.— whip grafting.     Time to budbreak on the scions.— About 14 days at 25° C.     Time to produce a grafted plant.— About six months at 25° C.       
       Plant description:
             General appearance.— Perennial shrub. Outwardly spreading plant habit.     Growth and branching habit.— Freely branching; about 15 lateral branches develop per plant. Pinching, i.e., removal of the terminal apices, enhances branching with lateral branches potentially forming at every node. Strong and moderately vigorous growth habit. Stems twisting or “contorted.”     Plant height.— About 2 meters.     Plant diameter or spread.— About 2 meters.     Lateral branch description.— Length: About 15 cm. Diameter: About 5 mm. Internode length: About 1.3 cm. Texture: Smooth, glabrous. Strength: Strong. Color, immature: 178A. Color, mature: 137A.       
       Foliage description:
             Arrangement.— Alternate, simple.     Length.— About 12 cm.     Width.— About 10 cm.     Shape.— Oblong to ovate.     Apex.— Obtuse to acute.     Base.— Cordate.     Margin.— Serrate.     Texture, upper and lower surfaces.— Slightly pubescent.     Venation pattern.— Pinnate.     Color.— Developing foliage, upper and lower surfaces: 187A. Fully expanded foliage, upper surface: Spring and summer, 183B; late summer and fall, 137A. Fully expanded foliage, lower surface: Spring and summer, 178A; late summer and fall, 137A. Venation, upper surface: Spring and summer, 183B; late summer and fall, 137A. Venation, lower surface: Spring and summer, 178A; late summer and fall, 138B.     Petiole.— Length: About 1 cm. Diameter: About 2.5 mm. Texture, upper and lower surfaces: Pubescent. Color, upper surface: Spring and summer, 183B; late summer and fall, 137A. Color, lower surface: Spring and summer, 178A; late summer and fall, 138B       
       Flower description: Male inflorescences are catkins, color prior to elongation 176B. Female inflorescence style color 183B.   Disease/pathogen/pest resistance: Plants of the new  Corylus  are resistant to eastern filbert blight caused by the fungus  Anisogramma anomala  (Peck) E. Muller. Plants of the new  Corylus  are moderately susceptible to bud mites ( Phytoptus avellanae  Nal.) as are plants of ‘Contorta.’   Temperature tolerance: Plants of the new  Corylus  have been observed to tolerate temperatures from about -10° C. to about 38° C. in the field in Corvallis, Oreg.   
 
         [0054]    Trees of ‘Red Dragon’ set a moderate number of catkins (rating=2.3) which is less than ‘Contorta’ (rating=3.2) but more than other contorted selections. The catkins elongate in late winter with ‘Contorta.’‘Red Dragon’ has incompatibility alleles S 6  and S 26  as determined by fluorescence microscopy. Both alleles are expressed in the females, but only S 6  is expressed in the pollen because of dominance. Female inflorescences of ‘Red Dragon’ also emerge late in the season, with ‘Contorta.’ ‘Red Dragon’ trees will set a few nuts if its stigmas receive compatible pollen while receptive. The nuts are small, slightly long and compressed. The nuts are borne in clusters of one or two in husks equal in length to the nuts. Pollen of the red-leaf cultivars ‘Rode Zeller’ and ‘Fusco Rubra’ expresses S 6  and, thus, is incompatible. ‘Contorta’ (S 5  S 10 ) is reciprocally compatible with ‘Red Dragon.’ 
         [0055]    DNA was extracted from several contorted seedlings and amplified by PCR. Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers UBC 152-800 and UBC 268-580, which flank the ‘Gasaway’ resistance gene, are present in ‘Red Dragon.’ RAPD marker AA12-850, which co-segregates with resistance, is also present. Scions were collected from ‘Red Dragon’ and several other contorted selections and three trees of each were grafted to rooted layers of  Corylus avellana . The shoot tips of the grafted trees were inoculated in the greenhouse with a spore suspension of  Anisogramma anomala  and then held under high humidity. The three inoculated trees of ‘Red Dragon’ remained free of disease, while those of other selections in the same test developed cankers. The lack of cankers confirmed the results of the RAPD markers and indicates complete resistance to eastern filbert blight. 
         [0056]    Notably, no trees have been lost to bacterial blight caused by  Xanthomonas campestris  pv.  corylina,  however susceptibility to the disease has not been rigorously tested. 
         [0057]    Susceptibility to big bud mite (primarily  Phytoptus avellanae  Nal.) was rated after leaf fall once per year for three years. The scale was from 1 (no blasted buds) to 5 (many blasted buds). The average bud mite rating for ‘Red Dragon’ (3.2) is slightly higher than for ‘Contorta’ (2.6), but the difference is not significant at P=0.05. The nursery trade does not consider bud mite to be a serious problem for ‘Contorta.’ Therefore, bud mite should also not be a serious problem for ‘Red Dragon.’ 
         [0058]    Fingerprinting with simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers was also performed. A panel of simple sequence repeat marker loci for hazelnut has been developed. Using primers designed for each SSR locus, hazelnut DNA was amplified by PCR as described (Bassil et al. (2005) J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci., 130:543-549). The sequences of the primers are provided in Table 1. Forward primers were fluorescently labeled with FAM, HEX, or NED, and the size of the amplified fragment was determined by capillary electrophoresis on an ABI 3100 instrument (Applied Biosystems; Foster City, Calif.). 93 SSR loci were used to amplify 32 hazelnut genotypes. Microsatellite markers in hazelnut are described in Bassil et al. (J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. (2005) 130:543-549), Bassil et al. (Acta Horticulturae (2005) 686:105-110), Boccacci et al. (Mol. Ecol. Notes (2005) 5:934-937), Boccacci et al. (Genome (2006) 49:598-611), and Mehlenbacher et al. (Genome (2005) 49:122-133). The disclosure of each of the above citations is incorporated by reference herein. 
         [0000]    
       
         
               
               
             
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE 1 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Microsatellite markers used to fingerprint ‘Red Dragon’ 
                   
               
               
                 and other hazelnuts. 
               
               
                   
               
             
             
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 Locus 
                 Forward Primer Sequence 
                 Reverse Primer Sequence 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 A040 
                 TGCTCAAGCAAATATTGCAC 
                 GTTTGGGATCCAATTAACCCTCT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AJ490 
                 ACTGCAGCCCTTCAACTACG 
                 AACGCCTACCTCATGTTTGG 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 B107 
                 GTAGGTGCACTTGATGTGCTTTAC 
                 AACACCATATTGAGTCTTTCAAAGC 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 B507 
                 CTAAGCTCACCAAGAGGAAGTTGAT 
                 GCTTCTGGGTCTCCTGCTCA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 B508 
                 GGTCAAGATTTGATAAAGTGGGA 
                 GCACTCCACTTGTGCGTTTTC 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 B617 
                 TCCGTGTTGAGTATGGACGA 
                 TGTTTTTGGTGGAGCGATG 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 B619 
                 AGTCGGCTCCCCTTTTCTC 
                 GCGATCTGACCTCATTTTTG 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 B643 
                 CCAGGTAAGCAGCTCAGTGT 
                 ACCTCCCATTTGTGTCTTGC 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 B662 
                 CGAAAGATGGACTTCCATGAC 
                 CAAGTTGAGATTCTTCCTGCAA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 B709 
                 CCAAGCACGAATGAACTCAA 
                 GCGGGTTCTCGTTGTACACT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 B720 
                 CTCTGTGTCGGCTTTCTGGT 
                 ATAAACCTCACGCCACACCT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 B732 
                 GCCCTTCTTCTTTTCTGCAA 
                 AGTGCCACCTCAACAAATCC 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 B733 
                 CACCCTCTTCACCACCTCAT 
                 CATCCCCTGTTGGAGTTTTC 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 B741 
                 GTTCACAGGCTGTTGGGTTT 
                 CGTGTTGCTCATGTGTTGTG 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 B774 
                 GTTTTGCGAGCTCATTGTCA 
                 TGTGTGTGGTCTGTAGGCACT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 B776 
                 TGTATGTACACACGGAGAGAGAGA 
                 TGAGGGGAAGAGGTTTGATG 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 C010 
                 GGAGCCACCATGAAATTATACA 
                 CACTTATTGCGATTGGTTCA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 C028 
                 CTACCCCATCGCTTGACAC 
                 GGAGACTTGTTTGCCACAGA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 C119 
                 CTCACCTTTACCCCTTCATTTT 
                 GTTTCCTCATCTTCTGAGAACCATC 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 C504 
                 GGTCTCCTTCGCTAACATAACCAA 
                 GTTGCCCTCGAGTTGTAGTA 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 K27-28-30 
                 ACACACACACACACACGAA 
                 GCACCAAGCAGAACAATC 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 K74-1-19 
                 CTTACAGATAAATGGCTCAAA 
                 AAGCAAGAAAGGGATGGT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 K74-2-36 
                 AGGCATCAGTTCATCCAA 
                 GGAAGGTGAGAGAAATCAAGT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 K74-6-19 
                 TTATTCCACCAAAGTCTACCTC 
                 TCCTCACCAATCACACTATTT 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 K76-1-26 
                 AAGGCGGCACTCGCTCAC 
                 GAACAACTGAAGACAGCAAAG 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 K80-1-2 
                 CTGGCTTCAAATCAATCATAC 
                 GAGGAGAGGAGAGAGAAAGAG 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 Locus 
                 Repeat Motif 
                 Size 
                 Tm 
                 SEQ ID NO (F, R) 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 A040 
                 (CA) 13   
                 234-248 
                 62 
                 1, 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 AJ490 
                 (CT)14Ns(CT)15 
                 210-224 
                 60 
                 3, 4 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 B107 
                 (CT) 14   
                 112-151 
                 58 
                 5, 6 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 B507 
                 (GA)1GC(GA)2GC(GA)14 
                 182-202 
                 55 
                 7, 8 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 B508 
                 (GA) 10   
                 142-167 
                 62 
                 9, 10 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 B617 
                 (GA) 15   
                 280-298 
                 60 
                 11, 12 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 B619 
                 (TC) 21   
                 146-180 
                 60 
                 13, 14 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 B643 
                 (AG) 13   
                 180-196 
                 60 
                 15, 16 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 B662 
                 (TC) 15   
                 220-236 
                 60 
                 17, 18 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 B709 
                 (GA) 21   
                 219-233 
                 60 
                 19, 20 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 B720 
                 (AG) 14   
                 159-179 
                 60 
                 21, 22 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 B732 
                 (GA) 13   
                 140-156 
                 60 
                 23, 24 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 B733 
                 (TC) 15   
                 161-183 
                 60 
                 25, 26 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 B741 
                 (GT) 5 (GA) 12   
                 176-194 
                 60 
                 27, 28 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 B774 
                 (AG) 15   
                 195-213 
                 60 
                 29, 30 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 B776 
                 (GA) 17   
                 134-148 
                 60 
                 31, 32 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 C010 
                 (GAA) a   
                 272-319 
                 58 
                 33, 34 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 C028 
                 (GAA) 10   
                 131-147 
                 60 
                 35, 36 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 C119 
                 (GA) 7 (GA) 9   
                 256-264 
                 62 
                 37, 38 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 C504 
                 (CT)18 
                 161-187 
                 55 
                 39, 40 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 K27-28-30 
                 (AG) 10   
                 328-345 
                 57 
                 41, 42 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 K74-1-19 
                 (AAAT) 5   
                 255-249 
                 54 
                 43, 44 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 K74-2-36 
                 (AGG) 7   
                 328-346 
                 55 
                 45, 46 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 K74-6-19 
                 (AG) 15   
                 366-393 
                 56 
                 47, 48 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 K76-1-26 
                 (GA) 17   
                 240-278 
                 58 
                 49, 50 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 K80-1-2 
                 (GA) 13   
                 188-211 
                 57 
                 51, 52 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Shown for each microsatellite marker locus are the sequence of the forward and reverse primers, the repeat motif, the range of sizes generated, the annealing temperature, and the sequence identifiers. 
               
               
                   a (GAA) 7 GGA(GAA) 2 N 21 (GAA) 2 ATT(GAA) 4 N 15 (GAA) 3 . 
               
             
          
         
       
     
         [0059]    The allele sizes at 26 loci that distinguish 12 hazelnut genotypes are presented below (Table 2). OSU 217.094 is a red leaf seedling of ‘Contorta,’ and its pollen parent is believed to be ‘Rode Zeller.’ DNA of six contorted red leaf selections (two selections of the ‘Red Majestic,’ ‘Red Dragon,’ OSU 897.046, OSU 897.071 and OSU 897.082) was also amplified. ‘Red Majestic’ plants from Spring Meadow and from Klehm are clearly different, as they have different alleles at 19 of the 26 loci. Notably, ‘Red Dragon’ is different from both clones of ‘Red Majestic’ and from all other genotypes in Table 2. Indeed, ‘Red Dragon’ was found to exhibit different allele sizes at certain loci that allowed for it to be distinguish from other hazelnut genotypes such as ‘Contorta’ and ‘Red Majestic.’ 
         [0000]    
       
         
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE 2 
               
               
                   
               
             
             
               
                 Allele sizes at 26 microsatellite loci of 12 hazelnut genotypes. 
               
             
          
           
               
                 Genotype Locus 
                 A040 
                 AJ490 
                 B107 
                 B507 
                 B508 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Gasaway 
                 238/246 
                 218/222 
                 122/128 
                 179/190 
                 147/165 
               
               
                 Rode Zeller 
                 238/246 
                 214/216 
                 134/144 
                 189/197 
                 149/149 
               
               
                 OSU 217.094 
                 238/246 
                 214/214 
                 130/134 
                 185/197 
                 157/157 
               
               
                 Contorta 
                 246/246 
                 212/214 
                 122/130 
                 185/189 
                 147/155 
               
               
                 Red Majestic Spring 
                 246/246 
                 212/212 
                 122/130 
                 189/189 
                 147/157 
               
               
                 Meadow 
               
               
                 Red Majestic Klehm 
                 246/246 
                 214/214 
                 122/130 
                 189/189 
                 147/149 
               
               
                 OSU 897.046 
                 238/246 
                 212/214 
                 128/134 
                 179/197 
                 147/157 
               
               
                 OSU 897.071 
                 246/246 
                 214/224 
                 122/130 
                 179/197 
                 157/165 
               
               
                 Red Dragon (OSU 
                 246/246 
                 212/216 
                 128/130 
                 185/189 
                 165/165 
               
               
                 897.078) 
               
               
                 OSU 897.082 
                 246/246 
                 212/216 
                 122/134 
                 179/185 
                 165/165 
               
               
                 FuscoRubra 
                 238/248 
                 214/222 
                 120/122 
                 189/199 
                 165/165 
               
               
                 Barcelona 
                 236/236 
                 212/224 
                 112/134 
                 181/191 
                 157/157 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Genotype Locus 
                 B617 
                 B619 
                 B643 
                 B662 
                 B709 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Gasaway 
                 292/296 
                 170/174 
                 190/196 
                 230/236 
                 227/227 
               
               
                 Rode Zeller 
                 282/292 
                 166/176 
                 192/192 
                 230/230 
                 227/227 
               
               
                 OSU 217.094 
                 292/294 
                 170/176 
                 190/190 
                 230/236 
                 227/227 
               
               
                 Contorta 
                 282/294 
                 156/170 
                 182/192 
                 232/236 
                 221/227 
               
               
                 Red Majestic Spring 
                 282/282 
                 156/170 
                 192/192 
                 226/232 
                 227/227 
               
               
                 Meadow 
               
               
                 Red Majestic Klehm 
                 282/294 
                 170/176 
                 186/196 
                 226/232 
                 221/227 
               
               
                 OSU 897.046 
                 294/294 
                 156/176 
                 182/192 
                 230/230 
                 227/227 
               
               
                 OSU 897.071 
                 282/292 
                 156/166 
                 182/192 
                 226/236 
                 221/227 
               
               
                 Red Dragon (OSU 
                 282/292 
                 156/156 
                 182/192 
                 226/236 
                 225/227 
               
               
                 897.078) 
               
               
                 OSU 897.082 
                 282/292 
                 156/156 
                 190/196 
                 232/236 
                 221/227 
               
               
                 FuscoRubra 
                 290/296 
                 156/166 
                 182/192 
                 222/228 
                 225/227 
               
               
                 Barcelona 
                 286/290 
                 156/170 
                 190/190 
                 230/232 
                 225/233 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Genotype Locus 
                 B720 
                 B732 
                 B733 
                 B741 
                 B774 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Gasaway 
                 161/163 
                 140/154 
                 173/173 
                 186/188 
                 203/209 
               
               
                 Rode Zeller 
                 159/167 
                 150/150 
                 173/173 
                 178/184 
                 203/207 
               
               
                 OSU 217.094 
                 167/167 
                 150/154 
                 161/173 
                 178/184 
                 203/203 
               
               
                 Contorta 
                 159/167 
                 142/154 
                 161/161 
                 163/184 
                 203/203 
               
               
                 Red Majestic Spring 
                 167/167 
                 142/142 
                 161/161 
                 178/184 
                 203/203 
               
               
                 Meadow 
               
               
                 Red Majestic Klehm 
                 159/167 
                 140/140 
                 161/161 
                 163/178 
                 203/209 
               
               
                 OSU 897.046 
                 163/167 
                 140/154 
                 161/161 
                 178/186 
                 203/209 
               
               
                 OSU 897.071 
                 159/159 
                 140/154 
                 161/161 
                 163/178 
                 203/203 
               
               
                 Red Dragon (OSU 
                 163/167 
                 140/150 
                 161/161 
                 178/178 
                 203/209 
               
               
                 897.078) 
               
               
                 OSU 897.082 
                 159/167 
                 140/150 
                 161/161 
                 163/178 
                 203/203 
               
               
                 FuscoRubra 
                 165/171 
                 146/150 
                 173/183 
                 178/186 
                 197/213 
               
               
                 Barcelona 
                 161/167 
                 150/154 
                 171/173 
                 177/186 
                 203/207 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Genotype Locus 
                 B776 
                 C101 
                 C028 
                 C119 
                 C504 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Gasaway 
                 144/148 
                 281/281 
                 144/144 
                 258/264 
                 161/164 
               
               
                 Rode Zeller 
                 134/136 
                 275/278 
                 132/141 
                 256/264 
                 158/164 
               
               
                 OSU 217.094 
                 136/146 
                 275/275 
                 132/141 
                 256/258 
                 161/164 
               
               
                 Contorta 
                 134/146 
                 281/281 
                 132/132 
                 258/264 
                 158/161 
               
               
                 Red Majestic Spring 
                 134/146 
                 275/275 
                 132/141 
                 258/264 
                 158/161 
               
               
                 Meadow 
               
               
                 Red Majestic Klehm 
                 146/146 
                 281/281 
                 132/135 
                 258/264 
                 152/161 
               
               
                 OSU 897.046 
                 136/148 
                 275/275 
                 141/144 
                 256/258 
                 161/161 
               
               
                 OSU 897.071 
                 134/148 
                 275/281 
                 132/132 
                 258/258 
                 161/161 
               
               
                 Red Dragon (OSU 
                 134/148 
                 275/275 
                 132/141 
                 256/258 
                 161/161 
               
               
                 897.078) 
               
               
                 OSU 897.082 
                 146/148 
                 275/281 
                 132/141 
                 258/258 
                 161/161 
               
               
                 FuscoRubra 
                 134/136 
                 278/278 
                 135/135 
                 256/264 
                 152/164 
               
               
                 Barcelona 
                 134/136 
                 275/278 
                 132/141 
                 258/258 
                 155/155 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                 Genotype Locus 
                 K27-28-30 
                 K74-1-19 
                 K74-2-36 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Gasaway 
                 331/333 
                 239/248 
                 337/346 
               
               
                   
                 Rode Zeller 
                 329/331 
                 234/234 
                 340/343 
               
               
                   
                 OSU 217.094 
                 329/329 
                 234/248 
                 337/340 
               
               
                   
                 Contorta 
                 331/331 
                 239/248 
                 337/337 
               
               
                   
                 Red Majestic Spring 
                 329/331 
                 239/248 
                 337/337 
               
               
                   
                 Meadow 
               
               
                   
                 Red Majestic Klehm 
                 329/329 
                 239/239 
                 337/343 
               
               
                   
                 OSU 897.046 
                 331/331 
                 234/248 
                 337/340 
               
               
                   
                 OSU 897.071 
                 331/331 
                 239/248 
                 337/340 
               
               
                   
                 Red Dragon (OSU 
                 331/331 
                 234/248 
                 337/340 
               
               
                   
                 897.078) 
               
               
                   
                 OSU 897.082 
                 331/331 
                 234/248 
                 337/337 
               
               
                   
                 FuscoRubra 
                 329/329 
                 248/248 
                 337/346 
               
               
                   
                 Barcelona 
                 329/331 
                 234/248 
                 337/337 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                 Genotype Locus 
                 K74-6-19 
                 K76-1-26 
                 K80-1-2 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Gasaway 
                 378/390 
                 255/259 
                 194/197 
               
               
                   
                 Rode Zeller 
                 392/392 
                 253/255 
                 201/201 
               
               
                   
                 OSU 217.094 
                 376/392 
                 253/253 
                 201/201 
               
               
                   
                 Contorta 
                 376/376 
                 253/255 
                 201/203 
               
               
                   
                 Red Majestic Spring 
                 376/392 
                 253/255 
                 203/203 
               
               
                   
                 Meadow 
               
               
                   
                 Red Majestic Klehm 
                 376/376 
                 253/255 
                 199/203 
               
               
                   
                 OSU 897.046 
                 376/390 
                 253/253 
                 197/201 
               
               
                   
                 OSU 897.071 
                 376/376 
                 251/253 
                 197/201 
               
               
                   
                 Red Dragon (OSU 
                 376/392 
                 253/253 
                 201/203 
               
               
                   
                 897.078) 
               
               
                   
                 OSU 897.082 
                 376/390 
                 253/253 
                 197/201 
               
               
                   
                 FuscoRubra 
                 380/392 
                 255/265 
                 197/207 
               
               
                   
                 Barcelona 
                 374/378 
                 259/265 
                 203/205