Abstract:
An apparatus for shaping plastic preforms into plastic containers may include a conveying device on which a plurality of blowing stations are arranged. Each of the blowing stations encompasses a blow mold, within which a plastic preform can be shaped into a plastic container. The apparatus further includes a clean chamber, within which the plastic preforms can be conveyed. The zone of the conveying device in which the blowing stations are arranged is located in the clean chamber, and at least one additional zone of the conveying device is located outside the clean chamber.

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION 
     This application is filed under 35 U.S.C. 371 as a U.S. national phase application of PCT/EP2009/059922, having an international filing date of Jul. 31, 2009, which claims the benefit of German Patent Application No. 10 2008 038 141.1, having a filing date of Aug. 18, 2008, both of which are hereby incorporated by reference. 
     TECHNICAL FIELD 
     The present invention relates to an apparatus for shaping plastics-material containers. 
     BACKGROUND 
     In the field of the beverage-producing industry it is known to use plastics-material containers, these plastics-material containers being produced from plastics-material pre-forms by a shaping procedure, and in particular a blow-moulding procedure. In this case it is customary to provide blow-moulding wheels on which a plurality of blow-moulding stations are arranged, the plastics-material pre-forms being expanded against an inner wall of the corresponding blow mould by being acted upon with compressed air inside these blow-moulding stations. 
     For many beverages it is necessary in this case for them to be filled under aseptic conditions. In this case it is known that a sterilization process for the aseptic filling begins with the sterilization of the already finished bottles in a clean room provided for this. All the processes taking place beforehand in the prior art, such as the production of the pre-forms, the transportation, the heating and the blow-moulding thereof to form bottles, take place in a non-sterile environment. In this case it is necessary for a relatively large area, namely that of the finished plastics-material bottle, to be sterilized. 
     It is therefore generally desirable to sterilize, not the plastics-material bottle itself, but rather the plastics-material pre-form, since the latter has a considerably smaller surface. Nevertheless, it is necessary for the containers to be conveyed under sterile conditions after the sterilization thereof, in particular in a continuous manner, at least until they are closed, in order to prevent in this way a further contamination of the containers. 
     EP 0 794 903 B1 describes a system and a method for the sterile packaging of beverages. In this case a beverage container is formed from a shaped pre-form by blow moulding, then the container is filled with a sterile drink and finally the filled container is filled with a sterilized closure cap. In this case different degrees of sterilization are controlled in various parts of the chamber, the degrees of sterilization being correlated with the degree which is necessary for the method step that is being carried out in the part of the chamber in question. 
     In this production method the entire production process of the bottle and also the filling and closure process are carried out in a continuous manner under sterile conditions. In this case a complete shaping unit of the containers is arranged in a clean room. This method ensures a high degree of sterilization and cleanness of the containers filled in this way. On the other hand, however, the outlay for the sterilization is relatively high since on the one hand very large rooms have to be kept sterile and on the other hand a plurality of machine parts are also present, namely in the region of the blow-moulding apparatus, which have to be kept sterile. 
     It may be desirable therefore to reduce the outlay for the sterilization or keeping sterile of a shaping unit or blow-moulding device for containers. Conversely, however, production conditions which are as sterile as possible should be provided for the containers. 
     SUMMARY 
     An apparatus according to the invention for shaping plastics-material pre-forms to form plastics-material containers has a conveying device on which a plurality of blow-moulding stations are arranged, each of these blow-moulding stations having a blow mould inside which a plastics-material pre-form is capable of being shaped to form a plastics-material container, and the apparatus having a clean room inside which the containers can be conveyed. According to the invention that region of the conveying device on which the blow-moulding stations are arranged is arranged in the clean room. Preferably a further region of the conveying device is arranged outside the clean room. 
     In this way, in particular in the case of the apparatus according to the invention, a clean room channel is provided through which the plastics-material pre-forms or containers are conveyed in the blow-moulding stations and a further region of the conveying device is moved outside the clean room. In this way, parts of the shaping unit such as a blow-moulding machine, for example the entire blow-moulding wheel or the blow-moulding cavities are separated from the remainder of the blow-moulding machine by a clean room or closed-off isolator. 
     It is preferable for the conveying device to be a conveying wheel which rotates about a pre-set axle, in which case at least the axle or a shaft of the conveying device is arranged outside the clean room. This ensures that the clean room is kept as small as possible and so the internal volume of the clean room can be kept small. In addition, it is also made possible in this way that as large a number of machine parts as possible, which are not in direct contact with the blow-moulding stations, can be guided outside the clean room, and in this way contamination can also be kept low. 
     It is preferable for the clean room to have an annular profile or a toroidal profile at least in part, in which case, however, the cross-section of this toroidal profile preferably deviates from a circular shape. This means that the blow-moulding stations are guided by the conveying device on a substantially circular path. 
     In the case of a further advantageous embodiment a stretch rod for stretching the plastics-material pre-forms is arranged at each blow-moulding station, and this stretch rod projects at least temporarily and in part out of the clean room. As is known, a stretch rod is used in order to extend the plastics-material pre-forms in the framework of the production process. In principle it would also be possible for the entire stretch rod always to be guided in the interior of the clean room. For this purpose, however, the clean room would have to be enlarged in its volume to a considerable extent. In the preferred embodiment it is therefore proposed that the stretch rod should project outwards through an opening in the clean room. In order to prevent contamination of this stretch rod at the same time, it is particularly preferred for a folding bellows to be provided, in the interior of which the stretch rod extends, so that the stretch rod itself does not come into contact with the outside. In this way, sterile conditions also prevail inside the folding bellows. 
     It is preferable for the clean room to be bounded by a plurality of walls and for at least one of these walls to be movable, and in particular rotatable, with respect to a further wall. 
     It is preferable for a wall of the clean room arranged radially on the outside to be arranged in a stationary manner. In this way a wall with an external profile, in particular cylindrical, can be provided, which wall bounds the clean room. A further wall, which bounds the clean room with respect to the other side and which is arranged in a rotatable manner, is provided by the interior of this wall. It is preferable for this wall arranged on the inside to be jointly rotated with the individual blow-moulding stations. It is preferable for the rotatable wall mentioned and the wall arranged in a stationary manner to be opposite each other. In addition, the clean room is bounded by a wall in the form of a cover, this cover preferably being formed integrally in one piece with the rotatable wall. 
     It is preferable for a sealing device to be arranged between at least two wall[s] or a wall and a cover. This sealing device preferably seals off from one another parts which are movable with respect to one another. In this way it would be possible, for example, for a wall and a cover to have provided between them a so-called surge chamber in which a water duct—preferably annular in this case—is provided in which a portion of the part movable with respect to this water duct is guided. 
     In the case of a further advantageous embodiment the apparatus has a supply device in order to pass the plastics-material pre-forms on to the conveying device, and this supply device is arranged inside the clean room. In this case the clean room thus preferably has a hollow or a recess out of the otherwise circular cross-section, and the supply device such as for example a conveying star for the pre-forms is arranged in this hollow in a corresponding manner. In this way, a continuous transfer of the containers from the supply device to the conveying device can take place inside a sterile room. 
     In the case of a further advantageous embodiment the apparatus also has a removal device in order to take up the containers produced from the conveying device, and this removal device is likewise arranged inside the clean room. In this way it is possible for a clean room to be maintained, even during the removal of the containers. It is thus possible for the introduction of pre-forms into the isolator or clean room from units arranged in front and for the removal of the bottles to a following unit under clean-room conditions to be possible. The isolator or clean room can be acted upon with cleaning and sterilization agents. 
     In the case of a further advantageous embodiment a sterile gas is provided inside the clean room and this sterile gas is under a pressure which is higher than a pressure outside the clean room. In this way it is optionally possible, by the introduction of sterilized air, for the clean room to be kept at a higher pressure level than the outside, as a result of which the penetration of micro-organisms can be prevented. In addition, it is possible for an antimicrobial active substance to be continuously supplied to the clean room and for a hygienic environment to be maintained in this way. 
     By means of a spatially bounded clean room in the blow-moulding device it is possible for previously sterilized pre-forms to be conveyed to the filling means without re-contamination both on the outside and on the inside during the stretch blow-moulding procedure. In addition, the clean room is simpler to keep to a level low in germs as compared with the shaping apparatus as a whole. 
     The present invention additionally relates to a plant for producing plastics-material containers, which comprises an apparatus for shaping plastics-material containers of the type described above, as well as a heating device, this heating device being arranged upstream with respect to the apparatus mentioned above in a conveying direction of the plastics-material pre-forms. This heating device is used to warm the pre-forms so that they can then be expanded to form containers in a blow-moulding process. A filling device, which fills the containers with a beverage, in particular with an aseptic product, is provided downstream or after the shaping apparatus. In this case this filling device is also arranged in a clean room. In addition, the clean room preferably extends into the region of a closure device which closes the containers with a closure. 
     In addition, the plant preferably has a sterilization device which sterilizes at least one region of the plastics-material pre-forms before they reach the apparatus. In this case this sterilization can be carried out with a gaseous medium, such as in particular hydrogen peroxide. It would also be possible, however, for the sterilization to be carried out by using radiation, such as for example electron beams and/or UV light. In this case it is preferable for a sterilization device to be provided which in particular also sterilizes the internal surface of the plastics-material pre-forms. In addition, it is also possible, however, for the external surface of the plastics-material pre-forms to be sterilized. 
     In the case of a further advantageous embodiment the plant has a further clean room which is arranged in front of the apparatus mentioned above in the conveying direction of the plastics-material pre-forms. It is preferable for this further clean room to merge into the clean room of the shaping apparatus. In this way it is possible for the plastics-material containers, starting from their sterilization, to be conveyed in a continuous manner until they are closed and nevertheless for the clean rooms required for this to be kept relatively small. It is thus preferable for the clean room to be provided in the form of a channel which extends from the sterilization device as far as the closure device and which in a particularly preferred manner is adapted in each case to the corresponding blow-moulding stations or holding devices such as gripping elements for the pre-forms or plastics-material containers. 
     The present invention additionally relates to a method of shaping plastics-material pre-forms to form plastics-material containers, in which the plastics-material pre-forms are conveyed by means of a conveying device, on which a plurality of blow-moulding stations are arranged, and are shaped to form plastics-material containers during this conveying. In this case the blow-moulding stations are conveyed at least in part and preferably in their entirety through a clean room. According to the invention at least one region of the conveying device is arranged outside the clean room. Expressed in more precise terms, it is preferable for at least one region of the conveying device also to be moved outside the clean room. In the case of a further preferred method the blow-moulding stations are moved on a circular path and it is particularly preferred for them to be moved in a continuous manner inside the clean room. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       Further advantages and embodiments may be seen in the accompanying drawings. In the drawings 
         FIG. 1  is a diagrammatic illustration of a plant for producing plastics-material containers, and 
         FIG. 2  is a view of a clean room in the region of a blow-moulding station. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
       FIG. 1  is a diagrammatic illustration of a plant for producing plastics-material containers. This plant  50  has a heating device  30  in which plastics-material pre-forms  10  are heated. In this case these plastics-material pre-forms  10  are guided through this heating device  30  by means of a conveying device  34 , such as in this case a circulating chain, and in this case are heated with a plurality of heating elements  31 . A transfer unit  36 , which transfers the pre-forms  10  to a sterilization device  32 , is attached to this heating device  30 . In this case this sterilization device  32  likewise has a conveying wheel  37 , and sterilization elements can be arranged on this conveying wheel  37  or in a stationary manner. In this region for example, sterilization by hydrogen peroxide gas or even, as mentioned above, by electromagnetic radiation is possible. In particular, internal sterilization of the pre-forms is carried out in this region. 
     The reference number  6  designates in its entirety a clean room, the outer boundaries of which are indicated here by the dotted line L. It is evident that this clean room  6  starts in the region of the sterilization device  32 . It is possible for lock devices to be provided in this region in order to introduce the plastics-material pre-forms into the clean room  6 , without an excessive amount of gas being lost inside the clean room. 
     The clean room is, as indicated by the broken line L, adapted to the external shape of the individual components of the plant. In this way the volume of the clean room can be reduced. 
     The reference number  1  designates in its entirety a shaping apparatus in which a plurality of blow-moulding stations  8  are arranged on a conveying wheel  2 , only one of the blow-moulding stations  8  being illustrated in this case. The plastics-material pre-forms  10  are expanded by these blow-moulding stations  8  to form containers  20 . Although not shown in detail here, the entire region of the conveying device  2  is not situated inside the clean room  6 , but rather the clean room  6  or isolator is designed to a certain extent in the form of a mini-isolator inside the apparatus as a whole. In this way, it would be possible for the clean room to be designed in the manner of a channel, at least in the region of the shaping apparatus  1 . 
     The reference number  22  designates a supply device which transfers the pre-forms to the shaping apparatus  1 , and the reference number  24  designates a removal device which removes the plastics-material containers  20  produced from the shaping apparatus  1 . It is evident that in the region of the supply device  22  and the removal device  24  the clean room  6  has recesses in each case which receive these devices  22 ,  24 . In this way a transfer of the plastics-material pre-forms  10  to the shaping apparatus  1  or a taking-on of the plastics-material containers  20  from the shaping apparatus  1  respectively can be carried out in a particularly advantageous manner. 
     The expanded plastics-material containers are transferred by a transfer unit  42  to a filling device  40  and are then removed from this filling device  40  by way of a further conveying unit  44 . In this case the filling device  40  is also situated inside the aforesaid clean room  6 . In the case of the filling device it would also be possible for the entire filling device  40  with for example a reservoir for a beverage not to be arranged completely inside the clean room  6 , but in this case too only those regions in which the containers are in fact guided. In this respect it would also be possible for the filling device to be designed in a manner similar to the apparatus  1  for shaping plastics-material pre-forms  10 . 
     As mentioned, the clean room  6  is reduced in the region of the apparatus  1  to as small an area as possible, namely substantially to the blow-moulding stations  8  themselves. As a result of this compact design of the clean room  6  it is possible, in an easier and more rapid manner, to produce a clean room altogether and even keeping sterile in the operating phase is less complicated. In addition, less sterile air is required, which leads to smaller filter plants, and the risk of uncontrolled swirl formation is also reduced. 
       FIG. 2  is a detailed illustration of the apparatus  1  in the region of a blow-moulding station  8 . A plurality of blow-moulding stations  8  of this type is moved in a manner rotating about an axis X by a conveying device  2 . The blow-moulding station  8  is, as may be seen from  FIG. 2 , guided inside the clean room which in this case is designed in the manner of a channel. This clean room  6  is closed off by a movable lateral wall  16  and a cover  17  formed in one piece with this lateral wall  16 . In this case this lateral wall  16  and the cover  17  turn jointly with the blow-moulding station  8 . 
     The reference number  18  designates a further wall which bounds the clean room  6 . In this case this wall  18  is a wall situated on the outside which is arranged stationary. The cover  17  and the wall  18  have provided between them a sealing device  25 , which seals off from each other the elements  17  and  18  which are movable with respect to each other, for example, as mentioned above, whilst using a surge chamber. The lower region of the wall  18  is arranged on a base  13  in a fixed and sealed-off manner. A support  26 , which likewise moves in a turning manner and on which in turn a holding device  23  is provided which holds the blow-moulding station  8 , is provided inside the clean room  6  and resting against the wall  16  in this case. 
     The reference number  11  designates a follower device which can be actuated by a guide curve  9  in order to open and close the blow-moulding station on its path through the clean room  6 , in order to insert in particular the plastics-material pre-form into the blow-moulding station and in order also to remove it again. In this case a guide curve  9  is also arranged inside the clean room  6 . It would also, however, be possible for example for just a portion  19  to extend out of the clean room  6  below the individual blow-moulding stations  8 . 
     The conveying device  2  can also have further elements which are arranged above the clean room  6 . 
     In this case the support  26  is arranged in a fixed manner on a holding body  29  and this holding body in turn is movable with respect to the base  13 . In this case the reference number  27  designates a further sealing device which in this region too seals the regions  13  and  29  which are movable with respect to each other. 
     The reference number  5  designates a stretch rod which is movable with respect to the blow-moulding station in order to stretch the plastics-material pre-forms  10  in the longitudinal direction thereof. In this case the cover  17  has arranged on it a slide  12 , opposite which the stretch rod is movable in the direction Y. The reference number  14  designates a further holding means for this slide  12  of the stretch rod  5 . 
     It is evident that specified areas of the stretch rod are both outside the clean room  6  and inside the clean room during the blow-moulding procedure. For this purpose it is possible for a protective device  4  such as a folding bellows, which surrounds the stretch rod  5  so that no area of the stretch rod  5  comes directly into contact with the outside environment, to be provided outside the clean room  6  and above the slide  12 . 
     All the features disclosed in the application documents are claimed as being essential to the invention, insofar as they are novel either individually or in combination as compared with the prior art.