Abstract:
An Operation Modification Program is disclosed that alters the functions performed with a user input device in conjunction with a Drop Down Menu Program. The Drop Down Menu Program provides for the elimination of some manual steps required by a user when employing a user input device for operations involving activation, selection, sorting and scrolling. The Operation Modification Program provides for modification of pointer device functions to eliminate additional manual steps that would be required by a user with the Drop Down Menu Program. The user may configure the modifications or the user may operate using default settings. Five modifications are provided: pointer-over, pointer-over-with-highlighting, pointer-over-with-clicking, pointer-over-with highlighting-and-clicking, and pointer-movement. The five modifications provide for auto-detection, auto-determination, and auto-execution thereby eliminating one or more manual movements by a user. Each of the five modifications can be applied in the areas of activation, selection, scrolling and sorting.

Description:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
   The present invention is related to improvements in the manipulation of data on a graphical user interface. Specifically, the present invention is a configurable method of modifying pointing device functions to automate manual steps required by the user when engaged in activating, selecting, scrolling and sorting functions. 
   RELATED APPLICATIONS 
   This application is related to U.S. patent application Ser. Nos. 10/427,301, 10/427,378 and 10/427,279. 
   BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
   Web pages viewable over the Internet are well known in the art. Some web pages provide users with information without user interaction. However, the vast majority of web pages are user interactive with the web page designed to extract information from the user. For example, most business web pages are interactive in nature allowing the user to view, select, and purchase goods and services directly off of the web page. 
   An important tool used by web page designers to extract information from the users is a drop down menu. Drop down menus for web pages and computer applications are well known in the art. A drop down menu is hidden until the user clicks on a down button to open a list from which the user can select the applicable menu item. The user may then close the drop down menu by clicking the down button a second time.  FIG. 1  is an illustration of a typical prior art drop down menu. The drop down menu contains dialogue box  22  and down button  24 . The user clicks down button  24  and a list of available menu items appears on menu  26 . The user can then highlight desired menu item  28  and click down button  24  again to close the menu. Drop down menus of this type are used in a wide variety of different menus to present the user with a list of finite options such as, for example, email lists, account lists, lists of states or countries, or lists of different credit cards. 
   In some applications the number of available choices can be extensive. For example, if the menu is a list of all fifty states of the United States of America, the list would extend to the bottom of the window or off of the viewable area. One solution to the problem of extensive menu choices is to add a vertical scroll bar to menu  26 . As seen in  FIG. 2 , vertical scroll bar  29  allows the user to browse the list of available items on menu  26  and select desired menu item  28 . Desired menu item  28  remains highlighted even when the user scrolls through menu  26  and views the other menu items. Desired menu item  28  remains highlighted until the user selects a new menu item. In many embodiments, desired menu item  28  will appear in place of dialogue box  22  when down button  24  is clicked to close menu  26 . 
   Another problem encountered when designing and using drop down menus is that the user may be required to make multiple selections from a single drop down menu. A common example of a requirement for multiple selections is when a user desires to send an email to a plurality of recipients and wants to select the recipients from a drop down menu. As seen in  FIG. 3 , one method for allowing a user to select multiple items is a conventional scrolling menu. The user may select menu items from the list by holding the shift or control button down while selecting each desired menu item with a pointer controlled by a user input device. A conventional menu is not preferable because it requires a large amount of space on a web page. 
   Furthermore, if the user is making multiple selections, the previously selected items become unselected if the user does not hold down the shift key or the control key while clicking on each of the selected menu items. Losing previous selections is a particular problem with notebook computers having a touchpad to control the pointer on the graphical user interface. Therefore, a need exists for an improved method to make multiple selections from a drop down menu. 
   Alternative methods for making selections from a drop down menu also include radio buttons and check boxes.  FIG. 4  is an illustration of a prior art menu utilizing radio buttons. A radio button has a first circle that, when clicked on, indicates selection of the text adjacent to the radio button by displaying a second solid circle inside the first circle. Radio buttons act like the station selector buttons on a car radio. Selecting one button in a set deselects the previously selected button, so one and only one of the options in the set can be selected at any given time. In contrast, check boxes are used when more than one option in the set can be selected at the same time.  FIG. 5  is an illustration of a prior art menu with check boxes. Check boxes are used to enable or disable one or more features or options from a set. When an option is selected, an x or a check-mark appears in the corresponding box. Radio buttons and check lists utilize more web page space than drop down menus and, unlike the drop down menus, continuously display all of the available menu choices. Therefore, a need exists for an improved method to select multiple menu items from a drop down menu. 
   Furthermore, the prior art methods of organizing information in a drop down menu are limited. The organization of menu items in a drop down menu are currently designated by the author of the web page (in the case of web pages) or by the computer programmer (in the case of computer applications). Web page authors and computer programmers almost exclusively organize drop down menu items in chronological, alphabetical, or random order which may not be useful to a user who could benefit from an organization based on a user specific criteria such as frequency of use. Therefore, a need exists for an improved method of organizing information in a drop down menu. 
   Moreover, it would be advantageous for users to be able to view selected menu items apart from the unselected menu items. This would facilitate easier review and revision of multiple selections from a drop down menu. Therefore, a need exists for a method to review selected menu items apart from the non-selected items on a drop down menu. 
   U.S. Pat. No. 5,828,376 (the &#39;376 patent) entitled “Menu Control in a Graphical User Interface” discloses a hyperbutton used in conjunction with a menu to manipulate items on the menu. U.S. Pat. No. 5,530,796 (the &#39;796 patent) entitled “Menu Bar Editor” discloses a direct screen manipulation technique for drop down menus. European Patent Application Publication 0 540 445 A1 (the &#39;445 application) entitled “Method of Representing a Set of Computer Menu Selections in a Single Graphical Metaphor” discloses a method for representing drop down menu items as icons. However, the &#39;376 patent, the &#39;796 patent, and the &#39;445 application do not disclose a method for improving the process of selecting, organizing, and editing menu items from a drop down menu on a graphical user interface or a computer display. 
   What is needed beyond the prior art is a method to provide options to a user to improve the process of selecting, organizing and editing menu items from a drop down menu. In addition, what is needed beyond the prior art is a method of modifying pointing device functions to automate manual steps required by the user when engaged in activating, selecting, scrolling and sorting functions. 
   SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
   The present invention, which meets the needs stated above, is an Operation Modification Program that enables a user to alter the functions performed with a user input device in conjunction with a Drop Down Menu Program. The Drop Down Menu Program provides for the elimination of some manual steps required by a user when employing a user input device for operations involving activation, selection, sorting and scrolling. The Operation Modification Program provides for modification of pointer device functions to eliminate additional manual steps that would be required by a user with the Drop Down Menu Program. The user may configure the modifications or the user may operate using default settings. Five modifications are provided: pointer-over, pointer-over-with-highlighting, pointer-over-with-clicking, pointer-over-with highlighting-and-clicking, and pointer-movement. The five modifications provide for auto-detection, auto-determination, and auto-execution thereby eliminating one or more manual movements by a user. Each of the five modifications can be applied in the areas of activation, selection, scrolling and sorting. 

   
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     The novel features believed characteristic of the invention are set forth in the appended claims. The invention itself, however, as well as a preferred mode of use, further objectives and advantages thereof, will best be understood by reference to the following detailed description of an illustrative embodiment when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein: 
       FIG. 1  is an illustration of a prior art drop down menu in which all of the menu items are displayed on the menu screen; 
       FIG. 2  is an illustration of a prior art drop down menu containing a scroll bar in which a limited number of menu items are displayed on the menu screen; 
       FIG. 3  is an illustration of a prior art menu containing a scroll bar in which a plurality of menu items have been selected; 
       FIG. 4  is an illustration of a prior art menu with radio buttons; 
       FIG. 5  is an illustration of a prior art menu with check boxes; 
       FIG. 6  is an illustration of a computer network used to implement the Drop Down Menu Program; 
       FIG. 7  is an illustration of a computer memory containing the Drop Down Menu Program; 
       FIG. 8  is a flowchart of the logic of the Item Selection Program (ISP); 
       FIG. 9  is an illustration of the graphical user interface containing a drop down menu created by the ISP; 
       FIG. 10  is a flowchart of the logic of the Sort Program (SP); 
       FIG. 11A  is an illustration of the graphical user interface containing a drop down menu created by the SP with the menu items sorted according to the frequency of use; 
       FIG. 11B  is an illustration of the graphical user interface containing a drop down menu created by the SP with the menu items sorted in ascending order; 
       FIG. 11C  is an illustration of the graphical user interface containing a drop down menu created by the SP with the menu items sorted in descending order; 
       FIG. 12  is a flowchart of the logic of the Recall Program (RP); 
       FIG. 13  is an illustration of the graphical user interface containing a drop down menu created by the RP with recall items displayed outside of the menu; and 
       FIG. 14  is an alternative embodiment illustration of the graphical user interface containing a drop down created by the RP with recall items displayed within the menu; 
       FIG. 15  is a flow chart for the operation modification process; 
       FIG. 16  depicts a configuration table; and 
       FIG. 17  is an illustration of an embodiment of a graphical user interface for Operation Modification Program (OMP). 
   

   DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT 
   As used herein the term “activate” shall mean any method of causing a button on a display to perform a specified function, including, without limitation, clicking on the button with a user input device, moving a pointer over a button without clicking on the button, or touching the image of the button on the display screen with a human hand or object, and may also mean any method of causing a menu item on a display to be selected including, without limitation, clicking on the menu item with a user input device, moving a pointer over an item without clicking the menu item, or touching the image of the menu item on the display screen with a human hand or object. 
   As used herein the term “button” shall mean any graphic element in a display that may be activated and that upon activation causes a specified function to be performed. 
   As used herein the term “close” shall mean hiding a complete list of menu items. 
   As used herein the term “computer” shall mean a machine having a processor, a random access memory, a memory, a display, and an operating system, capable of interaction with a user or other computer, and shall include without limitation desktop computers, notebook computers, personal digital assistants (PDAs), handheld computers, and similar devices. 
   As used herein the term “device button” refers to a physical button on a user input device, including without limitation any keyboard key and any button on a mouse or trackball. 
   As used herein the term “display” means any visual depiction of a web page or computer program&#39;s graphical user interface (GUI) that appears on the visual output device of a computer including without limitation all graphic elements appearing on the visual output device. 
   As used herein the term “drop down menu” shall mean a list of one or more items that opens and closes in response to interaction with a button on a display. 
   As used herein the term “graphic element” shall include without limitation graphic characters, graphics characters and objects. 
   As used herein the term “highlight” shall mean calling attention to one or more displayed characters by altering the appearance of the displayed characters in response to a user interaction. 
   As used herein the term “mode” shall mean a programmed method of responding to a pointer operation. 
   As used herein the term “open” shall mean displaying a complete list of menu items. 
   As used herein the term “pointer” means any symbol rendered on a user output device used to point to graphic elements on the user output device. 
   As used herein the term “pointing device” means any user input device that can control a pointer, including without limitation a mouse; trackball, stylus, and touchpad. 
   As used herein the term “pointing operation” includes without limitation activating a button, selecting any text or menu item, scrolling through a drop down menu, sorting items in a drop down menu, and recalling menu items. 
   As used herein the term “pointer-over” (PO) means that a “pointing operation” occurs when any portion of a pointer is over any portion of a button, text, or menu item. 
   As used herein, the term “pointer-over-with-highlighting” (POH) means that a pointing operation occurs when any portion of a pointer is over any portion of a button, text, or menu item and that the button, text, or menu item is automatically highlighted. 
   As used herein, the term “pointer-over-with-clicking” (POC) means that a pointing operation occurs when any portion of a pointer is over any portion of a button, text, or menu item, and that clicking of the pointer device by the user will perform additional functions according to the configuration for activating, sorting, selecting or scrolling. 
   As used herein, the term “pointer-over-with highlighting-and-clicking” (POHC) means that a pointing operation occurs when any portion of a pointer is over any portion of a button, text, or menu item, that the button, text or menu item is automatically highlighted, and that clicking of the pointer device by the user will perform additional functions according to the configuration for activating, sorting, selecting or scrolling. 
   As used herein, the term “pointer-movement” (PM) means that a pointing operation occurs in response to a pre-configured directional movement of the pointer or a pre-configured movement of the pointer to a boundary of a screen, window, or drop down window. 
   As used herein the term “recall list” shall mean a group of menu items that are selected or displayed responsive to a recall program. 
   As used herein, the term “user input device” shall mean a keyboard, mouse, trackball, touchpad, touchpoint device, stylus pen, touch screen, or any other type of device used to input data into a computer. 
   As used herein the term “user interaction” shall mean activating a button or menu item. 
   The internal configuration of a computer, including connection and orientation of the processor, memory, and input/output devices, is well known in the art. The present invention is a methodology that can be embodied in a computer program.  FIG. 6  is an illustration of computer network  90  associated with the present invention. Computer network  90  comprises local machine  95  electrically coupled to network  96 . Local machine  95  is electrically coupled to remote machine  94  and remote machine  93  via network  96 . Local machine  95  is also electrically coupled to server  91  and database  92  via network  96 . Network  96  may be a simplified network connection such as a local area network (LAN) or may be a larger network such as a wide area network (WAN) or the Internet. Furthermore, computer network  90  depicted in  FIG. 6  is intended as a representation of all possible operating systems that may contain the present invention and is not meant as an architectural limitation. 
     FIG. 7  depicts Drop Down Menu Program (DDMP)  100 . DDMP  100  comprises Item Selection Program (ISP)  200 , Sort Program (SP)  300 , and Recall Program (RP)  400 .  FIG. 7  also depicts optional component Operation Modification Program  500  (OMP). DDMP  100 , ISP  200 , SP  300 , RP  400 , and OMP  500  described herein can be stored within the memory of a computer on the network. Alternatively, DDMP  100 , ISP  200 , SP  300 , RP  400 , and OMP  500  can be stored in an external storage device such as a removable disk or a CD-ROM. Memory  102  is illustrative of the memory within the computer. The memory  102  also contains the Prior Art Drop Down Menu Program (PADDMP)  104 . PADDMP  104  is a computer program which creates the prior art drop down menu. The present invention described herein is an improvement on the prior art drop down menu. Consequently, the present invention interfaces with the PADDMP  104  through memory  102 . As part of the present invention, the memory  102  can be configured with DDMP  100 , ISP  200 , SP  300 , RP  400 , and/or OMP  500 . 
   In alternative embodiments, DDMP  100 , ISP  200 , SP  300 , RP  400 , and/or OMP  500  can be stored in the memory of other computers. This configuration allows the processor workload to be distributed across a plurality of processors instead of a single processor. Further configurations of DDMP  100 , ISP  200 , SP  300 , RP  400 , and/or OMP  500  across various memories are known by persons skilled in the art. 
     FIG. 8  depicts Item Selection Program (ISP)  200 . ISP  200  is best understood when viewed in conjunction with the drop down menu illustrated in  FIG. 9 . ISP  200  starts ( 202 ) and makes a determination whether the user has activated the down button ( 204 ). The default method of activating the down button is pressing and releasing a pointing device button while the pointer is over the down button. But, as discussed in more detail below, the user may modify the activation method with OMP  500 . If the user has not activated the down button, then ISP  200  makes a determination whether the drop down menu is already opened ( 206 ). If the drop down menu is not already opened, ISP  200  returns to step  204 . If at step  206  the drop down menu is opened, then ISP  200  makes a determination whether the user has activated a menu item ( 208 ). The default method of activating a menu item is pressing and releasing a pointing device button while the pointer is over the menu item. But, as discussed in more detail below, the user may modify the activation method with OMP  500 . If the user has not activated a menu item, ISP  200  returns to step  204 . If at step  208  the user has activated a menu item, then ISP  200  makes a determination whether the activated menu item is already highlighted ( 210 ). If the menu item is not highlighted, then ISP  200  highlights the menu item ( 214 ) and returns to step  204 . If at step  210  the menu item is already highlighted, then ISP  200  removes the highlighting from the menu item ( 212 ) and returns to step  204 . 
   If at step  204  the user has activated the down button, then ISP  200  makes a determination whether the drop down menu program is already opened ( 216 ). If the drop down menu is not already opened, then ISP  200  opens the drop down menu ( 218 ) and returns to step  204 . If at step  216  the drop down menu is already opened, then ISP  200  closes the drop down menu ( 220 ) and ends ( 222 ). 
     FIG. 9  is an illustration of the drop down menu created by ISP  200 . The drop down menu in  FIG. 9  operates similarly to a check box menu in that the user does not have to hold down the shift key or the control key when making multiple selections from the menu. Instead, as discussed in steps  208  through  214  of ISP  200 , the user activates each menu item that the user desires to select, and ISP  200  highlights the desired menu item  28 . If the user activates highlighted menu item  28 , then ISP  200  removes the highlighting. The user may open and close the menu  26  using the down button  24 . The user may also scroll through the menu using scroll bar  29  and view selected choices in dialogue box  22 . 
     FIG. 10  depicts Sorting Program (SP)  300 . SP  300  is best understood when viewed in conjunction with the drop down menu illustrated in  FIGS. 11A ,  11 B, and  11 C. SP  300  starts ( 302 ) and makes a determination whether a user has activated the dialogue box, the down button, or either of the sort buttons ( 304 ). The default method of activating the dialogue box, the down button, or either sort button is pressing and releasing a pointing device button while the pointer is over the respective graphic element. But, as discussed in more detail below, the user may modify the activation method with OMP  500 . If user has not activated the dialogue box, the down button, or either of the sort buttons, then SP  300  returns to step  304 . If at step  304  a user has activated the dialogue box, the down button, or either of the sort buttons, then SP  300  opens the drop down menu ( 306 ). SP  300  then sorts the menu items by the frequency of their use (See  FIG. 11A ) ( 308 ). In other words, SP  300  places the most frequently selected menu items at the top of the menu, the next most frequently selected menu item second on the menu, and so forth. The prior user selections from the drop down menus are stored in the PADDMP  104  or in the cache memory. SP  300  accesses the prior art selection data to determine the frequency of use. Alternatively, the menu items may appear in their default order as specified by the web designer or computer programmer. The user may also use OMP  500  to cause the menu items to appear in their default order. 
   SP  300  then makes a determination whether the user has activated the sort ascending button ( 310 ). The default method of activating a sort ascending button is pressing and releasing a pointing device button while the pointer is over the sort ascending button. But, as discussed in more detail below, the user may modify the activation method with OMP  500 . If the user has activated the sort ascending button, then SP  300  sorts the menu items in alphabetically, numerically, or chronologically ascending order (See  FIG. 11B ) ( 312 ) and returns to step  304 . If at step  310  the user has not activated the sort ascending button, then SP  300  makes a determination whether the user has activated the sort descending button ( 314 ). The default method of activating a sort descending button is pressing and releasing a pointing device button while the pointer is over the sort descending button. But, as discussed in more detail below, the user may modify the activation method with OMP  500 . If the user has activated the sort descending button, then SP  300  sorts the menu items in alphabetically, numerically, or chronologically descending order (See  FIG. 11C ) ( 316 ) and returns to step  304 . If at step  314  the user has not activated the sort descending button, then SP  300  makes a determination whether the user has activated the down button ( 318 ). If the user has not activated the down button, then SP  300  returns to step  304 . If at step  318  the user has activated the down button, then SP  300  closes the drop down menu ( 320 ) and ends ( 322 ). 
     FIGS. 11A ,  11 B, and  11 C are illustrations of the drop down menu created by SP  300 .  FIG. 11A  shows the drop down menu with the menu items sorted according to the frequency of use (i.e. from most frequently used to least frequently used, the menu items are BBBBB, AAAAA, CCCCC, EEEEE, and DDDDD). As discussed in conjunction with step  308  in SP  300 , frequency sorting occurs when the user activates the down button  24  to open the menu  26 . The selected menu item  28  is also displayed. 
     FIG. 11B  shows the drop down menu with the menu items sorted in ascending order. As discussed in conjunction with step  312  in SP  300 , sorting in ascending order occurs when the user activates the sort ascending button  350 . Activating sort ascending button  350  causes menu  26  to open automatically. Selected menu item  28  is also displayed. 
     FIG. 11C  shows the drop down menu with the menu items sorted in descending order. As discussed in conjunction with step  314  in SP  300 , sorting in descending order occurs when the user activates sort descending button  360 . Activating sort descending button  360  causes menu  26  to open automatically. The selected menu item  28  is also displayed. 
     FIG. 12  depicts a flowchart of Recall Program (RP)  400 . RP  400  is best understood when viewed in conjunction with the drop down menu illustrated in  FIG. 13 . RP  400  starts ( 402 ) and makes a determination if the user has activated the recall button (See  FIG. 13 ) ( 404 ). The default method of activating a recall button is pressing and releasing a pointing device button while the pointer is over the recall button. But, as discussed in more detail below, the user may modify the activation method with OMP  500 . If the user has not activated the recall button, then RP  400  returns to step  404 . If at step  404  the user has activated the recall button, then RP  400  makes a determination whether the selected menu items are already displayed ( 406 ). If the selected menu items are not already displayed, then RP  400  displays the selected menu items ( 408 ) and returns to step  404 . If at step  406  the selected menu items are already displayed, RP  400  hides the selected menu items ( 410 ) and stops ( 412 ). 
   In an alternative embodiment, the user can simply position the pointer over the recall button, the menu items, or the down button to activate them. In further alternative embodiments, the drop down menu may contain configurable options such as toggling the recall list to display unselected items from the drop down menu. Additionally, in the alternative embodiment, the selected and unselected menu items can be represented by small icons such as a checkbox or an “x”. Furthermore, if the user has previously used the drop down menu to make selections, another option is to display previously selected or unselected items form memory. 
     FIG. 13  is an illustration of the graphical user interface containing a drop down menu created by RP  400 . As discussed in steps  406  though  410 , when the user activates recall button  450  in RP  400 , selected menu items  28  from menu  26  are displayed on recall list  460 . Recall list  460  can be displayed using Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) or layered windows so that it does not use additional space on the web page. Both HTML and layering windows are well known in the art. The user can make recall list disappear by activating recall button  450  again. The user may also open and close menu  26  with down button  24  independent of making recall list  460  appear and disappear. 
     FIG. 14  illustrates an alternative embodiment of the graphical user interface containing a drop down menu created by RP  400 . In this alternative embodiment, there is no recall button. Instead, recall list  460  appears as part of menu  26 . When the user activates one of the menu items, the selected item is automatically moved up to the recall list  460 . Thus, the recall list  460  contains all of the selected items and the remainder of menu  26  contains all of the unselected items. 
   In another alternative embodiment of RP  400 , the user can revise the selected menu items directly on the recall list. In the present alternative embodiment, the user opens the recall list and activates the menu items he desires to delete. The deleted items are then removed from the recall list. The present alternative embodiment can be implemented in conjunction with any of the embodiments described above. 
   Operation Modification Program (OMP)  500  enables a user to alter the pointing device functions in any embodiment of DDMP  100 . OMP  500  comprises a configuration table, a configuration processor, and a configuration editor. 
     FIG. 15  illustrates the operation of configuration processor  1500 , in conjunction with configuration table  1501 . Configuration processor  1500  continuously monitors configuration table  1501  for changes. If configuration table  1501  has changed ( 1502 ), configuration processor  1500  alerts DDMP  100  ( 1504 ). DDMP  100  is then able to respond to user input according to configuration table  1501 . A person of skill in the art will appreciate that configuration table  1501  could be implemented in many different forms, including simple flat-file databases. Flat-file databases are well-known in the art and need not be described in great detail herein. 
     FIG. 16  is an example of a flat-file implementation of configuration table  1501 , and the type of data that it might contain. In  FIG. 16 , each row in the first column contains a pointing operation. The second column contains a user-selected operation mode for each pointing operation in the first column. The pointing operations to which OMP  500  can be applied include activating, selecting, scrolling, sorting, and recalling operations. Available operation modes include pointer-over, pointer-over-with-clicking, pointer-movement, pointer-over-with-highlighting, and pointer-over-with-highlighting-and-clicking. The table 1 provides examples of how each operation mode might affect each pointing operation. Table 1 is provided for illustration purposes only, and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention in any way. A person of skill in the art will appreciate that many different effects could be implemented. 
   
     
       
             
             
             
           
         
             
               TABLE 1 
             
             
                 
             
           
           
             
               Activating 
               pointer-over (PO) 
               Passing pointer over a button activates 
             
             
                 
                 
               the button. 
             
             
                 
                 
               Passing pointer over a scroll bar image 
             
             
                 
                 
               in an upward direction will open the 
             
             
                 
                 
               menu. 
             
             
                 
                 
               Passing pointer over an up/down arrow 
             
             
                 
                 
               will open/close a drop down menu, and 
             
             
                 
                 
               the next time the cursor passes over the 
             
             
                 
                 
               up/down arrow, the drop down menu 
             
             
                 
                 
               will close/open. 
             
             
                 
               pointer-over-with- 
               Passing pointer over a button highlights 
             
             
                 
               highlighting (POH) 
               the button and activates the button. 
             
             
                 
               pointer-over-with- 
               Passing pointer over a button and 
             
             
                 
               clicking (POC) 
               clicking activates the button. 
             
             
                 
               pointer-over-with- 
               Passing pointer over a button highlights 
             
             
                 
               highlighting-and- 
               the button and clicking activates the 
             
             
                 
               clicking (POHC) 
               button. 
             
             
                 
               pointer-movement 
               Movement of pointer to top of screen, 
             
             
                 
               (PM) 
               bottom of screen, right side, left side, 
             
             
                 
                 
               top right corner, top left corner, bottom 
             
             
                 
                 
               right corner, and bottom left corner can 
             
             
                 
                 
               be programmed to activate functions. 
             
             
               Selecting 
               PO 
               Passing pointer over an item in a drop 
             
             
                 
                 
               down menu list will select the item. If 
             
             
                 
                 
               the pointer is moved from one item to 
             
             
                 
                 
               the next, the next item will also be 
             
             
                 
                 
               selected. Other items are selected by 
             
             
                 
                 
               moving the pointer off the list before 
             
             
                 
                 
               moving the pointer to a different item 
             
             
                 
                 
               on the list. 
             
             
                 
                 
               Passing pointer over an already selected 
             
             
                 
                 
               item will de-select the item. 
             
             
                 
               POH 
               Passing pointer over an item in a drop 
             
             
                 
                 
               down menu list will highlight and select 
             
             
                 
                 
               the item. If the pointer is moved from 
             
             
                 
                 
               one item to the next, the next item will 
             
             
                 
                 
               also be selected. Other items are 
             
             
                 
                 
               selected by moving the pointer off the 
             
             
                 
                 
               list before moving the pointer to a 
             
             
                 
                 
               different item on the list. 
             
             
                 
                 
               Passing pointer over an already selected 
             
             
                 
                 
               item will de-select the item. 
             
             
                 
               POC 
               Passing pointer over an item in a drop 
             
             
                 
                 
               down menu selects the item when the 
             
             
                 
                 
               button is depressed. The pointer can be 
             
             
                 
                 
               moved to another item without releasing 
             
             
                 
                 
               the button so that the second item is 
             
             
                 
                 
               selected when the button is released. 
             
             
                 
               POHC 
               Pointer over item in a drop down menu 
             
             
                 
                 
               highlights and selects the item. 
             
             
                 
                 
               Movement of pointer over another item 
             
             
                 
                 
               automatically selects the item. To avoid 
             
             
                 
                 
               selection, move the pointer with the 
             
             
                 
                 
               button depressed. 
             
             
               Scrolling 
               PO 
               Moving pointer over a scroll bar image 
             
             
                 
                 
               in an upward direction will cause the 
             
             
                 
                 
               menu to scroll upward. Moving pointer 
             
             
                 
                 
               over a scroll bar image in a downward 
             
             
                 
                 
               direction will cause the menu to scroll 
             
             
                 
                 
               downward. If there exist both up and 
             
             
                 
                 
               down arrows, then passing pointer over 
             
             
                 
                 
               the up arrow will cause the menu to 
             
             
                 
                 
               scroll upward, and over the down arrow 
             
             
                 
                 
               to scroll downward. 
             
             
                 
               POH 
               Passing pointer over a scroll bar image 
             
             
                 
                 
               will highlight the image. Any 
             
             
                 
                 
               subsequent movement in an upward 
             
             
                 
                 
               direction or a downward direction will 
             
             
                 
                 
               cause the menu to scroll up or down, 
             
             
                 
                 
               respectively. 
             
             
                 
               POC 
               Clicking a scroll bar image and moving 
             
             
                 
                 
               the pointer in an up or down direction 
             
             
                 
                 
               will cause the menu to scroll up or 
             
             
                 
                 
               down, respectively. Double-clicking or 
             
             
                 
                 
               moving the pointer to the right or left 
             
             
                 
                 
               will cause the menu to scroll to the top 
             
             
                 
                 
               or bottom of the list. 
             
             
                 
               POHC 
               Clicking a scroll bar image highlights 
             
             
                 
                 
               the image. Subsequently moving the 
             
             
                 
                 
               pointer in an up or down direction will 
             
             
                 
                 
               cause the menu to scroll up or down, 
             
             
                 
                 
               respectively. 
             
             
                 
                 
               Double-clicking or moving the pointer 
             
             
                 
                 
               to the right or left will cause the menu 
             
             
                 
                 
               to scroll to the top or bottom of the list. 
             
             
               Sorting 
               PO 
               Passing pointer over upper a boundary, 
             
             
                 
                 
               border, or corner of a drop down menu 
             
             
                 
                 
               list will cause the list to sort in 
             
             
                 
                 
               ascending order. 
             
             
                 
                 
               Passing pointer over a bottom boundary, 
             
             
                 
                 
               border, or corner will cause the list to 
             
             
                 
                 
               sort in descending order. 
             
             
                 
                 
               A subsequent movement towards the 
             
             
                 
                 
               boundary, border, or corner will update 
             
             
                 
                 
               the list to its original sequence. 
             
             
                 
               POH 
               Passing pointer over an up arrow image 
             
             
                 
                 
               will highlight the image and cause the 
             
             
                 
                 
               list to sort in ascending order. 
             
             
                 
                 
               Passing pointer over a down arrow 
             
             
                 
                 
               image will highlight the image and 
             
             
                 
                 
               cause the list to sort in descending 
             
             
                 
                 
               order. 
             
             
                 
                 
               Passing pointer over upper boundary, 
             
             
                 
                 
               border, or corner of a drop down menu 
             
             
                 
                 
               list will highlight the boundary/border/ 
             
             
                 
                 
               corner and cause the list to sort in 
             
             
                 
                 
               ascending order. 
             
             
                 
                 
               Passing pointer over bottom boundary/ 
             
             
                 
                 
               border/corner will highlight the 
             
             
                 
                 
               boundary, border, or corner and cause 
             
             
                 
                 
               the list to sort in descending order. 
             
             
                 
                 
               A subsequent movement towards the 
             
             
                 
                 
               boundary, border, or corner will update 
             
             
                 
                 
               the list to its original sequence. 
             
             
                 
               POC 
               Passing pointer over up arrow image 
             
             
                 
                 
               with button depressed will sort entries 
             
             
                 
                 
               in the list in ascending order. 
             
             
                 
                 
               When button is released, entries will 
             
             
                 
                 
               revert to original order. 
             
             
                 
                 
               Passing pointer over a down arrow 
             
             
                 
                 
               image with button depressed will sort 
             
             
                 
                 
               entries in the list in descending order. 
             
             
                 
                 
               When button is released, entries will 
             
             
                 
                 
               revert to original order. 
             
             
                 
                 
               Passing pointer over top boundary/ 
             
             
                 
                 
               border/corner with button depressed will 
             
             
                 
                 
               cause the list to sort ascending. 
             
             
                 
                 
               When button is released, entries will 
             
             
                 
                 
               revert to original order. 
             
             
                 
                 
               Passing pointer over bottom boundary, 
             
             
                 
                 
               border, or corner with button depressed 
             
             
                 
                 
               will cause the list to sort descending. 
             
             
                 
                 
               When button is released, entries will 
             
             
                 
                 
               revert to original order. 
             
             
                 
               POHC 
               Passing pointer over up arrow image 
             
             
                 
                 
               with button depressed will highlight 
             
             
                 
                 
               image and sort entries in the list in 
             
             
                 
                 
               ascending order. 
             
             
                 
                 
               When button is released, entries will 
             
             
                 
                 
               revert to original order. 
             
             
                 
                 
               Passing pointer over a down arrow 
             
             
                 
                 
               image with button depressed will 
             
             
                 
                 
               highlight image and sort entries in the 
             
             
                 
                 
               list in descending order. 
             
             
                 
                 
               When button is released, entries will 
             
             
                 
                 
               revert to original order. 
             
             
                 
                 
               Passing pointer over top boundary, 
             
             
                 
                 
               border, or corner with button depressed 
             
             
                 
                 
               will highlight the boundary, border, or 
             
             
                 
                 
               corner and cause the list to sort 
             
             
                 
                 
               ascending. 
             
             
                 
                 
               When button is released, entries will 
             
             
                 
                 
               revert to original order. 
             
             
                 
                 
               Passing pointer over bottom boundary, 
             
             
                 
                 
               border, or corner with button depressed 
             
             
                 
                 
               will highlight boundary, border or 
             
             
                 
                 
               corner and cause the list to sort 
             
             
                 
                 
               descending. 
             
             
                 
                 
               When button is released, entries will 
             
             
                 
                 
               revert to original order. 
             
             
                 
               PM 
               Moving pointer in an up direction 
             
             
                 
                 
               over a drop down menu list will cause 
             
             
                 
                 
               the list to sort in ascending order. 
             
             
                 
                 
               Moving pointer in a down direction 
             
             
                 
                 
               over a drop down menu list will cause 
             
             
                 
                 
               the list to sort in descending order. 
             
             
                 
             
           
        
       
     
   
   A configuration editor provides a convenient mechanism for users to modify configuration table  1501 . A user could modify configuration table  1501  in many different ways and each pointing operation can be set to an independent operation mode. A person of skill in the art will appreciate that a configuration editor could be implemented in many different forms. For example, in the context of a web browser, a configuration editor could be integrated into a browser or it could be distributed as an after-market component, generally known as a plug-in component. Furthermore, OMP  500  could be applied to graphic elements other than DDMP  100 , such as radio buttons and check boxes. 
     FIG. 17  illustrates one embodiment of a configuration editor. Configuration editor  1700  comprises a collection of operation control panels (OCP)  1702  and mode indicators  1704 . Each OCP  1702  corresponds to a pointer operation in configuration table  1501 . Similarly, each mode indicator  1704  corresponds to a specific operation mode. A user can select an operation mode for each pointing operation in configuration table  1501  by selecting the appropriate mode indicator on the corresponding OCP  1702 . While  FIG. 17  illustrates one embodiment of a configuration editor, it is provided for illustration only and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention in any way. A person of skill in the art will appreciate the large number of variations that are possible. Moreover, a person of skill in the art will understand that a user may choose to use the OMP  500  with pre-configured default settings rather than employing configuration editor  1700 . 
   With respect to the above description, it is to be realized that the optimum dimensional relationships for the parts of the invention, to include variations in size, materials, shape, form, function and manner of operation, assembly and use, are deemed readily apparent and obvious to one skilled in the art, and all equivalent relationships to those illustrated in the drawings and described in the specification are intended to be encompassed by the present invention. The novel spirit of the present invention is still embodied by reordering or deleting some of the steps contained in this disclosure. The spirit of the invention is not meant to be limited in any way except by proper construction of the following claims.