Abstract:
An apparatus is provided for filling food product drafts into packages. A supply of open top containers are arranged in rows and carried by an elongated web of film and are movable by the web into a fill station. A shuttle conveyor has a retractable and extendable conveying surface, the conveying surface arranged above the fill station and having an end region extendable to a position arranged to deposit food product drafts into the containers of the first row by circulation of the conveying surface. The conveying surface is retractable, or extendable, to reposition the end to a position arranged to deposit food product drafts carried on the conveying surface into the containers of the second row and each subsequent row. A tamping apparatus is carried by the conveyor to retract or extend with the conveying surface end. The tamping apparatus has vertically reciprocal tamping elements arranged above the respective row being filled with food product drafts, the tamping elements actuated to press the food product drafts into the containers.

Description:
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION  
       [0001]     The invention relates to fill and packaging apparatus. Particularly, the invention relates to an apparatus that slices and packages food products.  
       BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION  
       [0002]     In a typical fill and package apparatus for sliced food products, a slicer delivers groups of slices or “drafts” onto a conveyor. The drafts are conveyed spaced-apart in a stream to a staging conveyor where the stream is converted to lateral rows of drafts. Such a staging conveyor is described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,810,149 and is commercially available as the A*180 Autoloader from Formax, Inc. of Mokena, Ill., U.S.A.  
         [0003]     The rows of drafts are delivered by the staging conveyor to a packaging machine where the rows are deposited sequentially into pockets formed in a moving lower web of film. The rows are deposited while the film is advancing to a dwell position. At the dwell position, the packaging machine stops the motion of the lower web. During the dwell time period, at a downstream sealing station, downstream according to a direction of movement of the lower web of film, the packaging machine seals an upper web of film to the lower web of film after the drafts are placed in the pockets, and then trims the completed packages from the webs. Upstream of the sealing station, upstream according to a direction of movement of the lower web of film, the packaging machine also forms another group of empty pockets during the dwell time period. After the dwell time period is over the lower web of film is advanced and new drafts are deposited into new pockets as the lower web advances to a new dwell position. The dwell time period is longer than the film advance time period for a typical operating cycle, approximately 80% dwell time period compared to 20% film advance time period.  
         [0004]     Loading stacks or drafts into the pockets during the advance time period is a time efficient way to load the pockets. Once the row of drafts is staged up onto the end of the staging conveyor, the advancement of the staging conveyor is synchronized with the packaging machine film advance to deposit the drafts into the pockets row-by-row.  
         [0005]     However, the present inventors have recognized that “fluff” or “bunch” type products sometimes need to be re-collected correctly in the pockets of the lower web to ensure a neat and compact filling. These products are thin sliced “piles” that resemble hand produced deli portions. They do not “stage” well, as the piles produced by the slicer can tend to elongate during transportation on the conveyors from the slicing machine to the packaging machine.  
         [0006]     The present inventors have recognized that it would be desirable to provide a filling and packaging apparatus that neatly and economically fills and packages drafts of thin sliced food product.  
       SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION  
       [0007]     The present invention provides an apparatus that effectively “ightens-up” drafts of thin-sliced piles of food product to fit neatly into packages.  
         [0008]     According to the invention, an apparatus is provided for filling food product drafts into packages, comprising:  
         [0009]     a supply of open top containers arranged in rows and carried by an elongated web of film and movable by the web into a fill station; and  
         [0010]     a shuttle conveyor having a retractable and extendable conveying surface, the conveying surface arranged above the fill station and having an end region extendable to a position arranged to deposit the food product drafts into the containers of the first row, the conveying surface then being retractable to reposition the end region to a position arranged to deposit food product drafts carried on the conveying surface into the containers of the second row.  
         [0011]     The apparatus of the invention can also include a tamping apparatus carried by the conveyor to retract or extend with the conveying surface end region and having vertically reciprocal tamping elements arranged above the respective first or second row being filled with food product drafts, particularly drafts in the form of bunches, groups or piles of food product. The tamping elements are configured to travel downward to press the food product drafts into the containers.  
         [0012]     The apparatus can further comprise a rotatable slicing blade, a conveying assembly, and a support for holding a loaf in a cutting path of the rotatable slicing blade. The rotatable slicing blade is arranged to rotate in the cutting path to slice drafts from the loaf, the drafts being plural slices formed in a pile on the conveying assembly. The conveying assembly includes a staging conveyor that includes a row staging conveyor that forms the piles into rows and transports the rows toward the conveying surface of the shuttle conveyor. The staging conveyor can include one or more in line conveyors for transporting the rows to the shuttle conveyor.  
         [0013]     The shuttle conveyor can be configured to fill a group of rows of containers while the web is stationary in the fill station. The shuttle conveyor is configured to advance from a retracted position where the last row of the group is filled to an extended position toward a downstream end of the fill station, simultaneously with advancement of the web to locate a succeeding group of rows of containers in the fill station.  
         [0014]     According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, rows of pockets formed in a web of film are spaced below a shuttle conveyor. During a dwell time period of the packaging machine, when the web of film is stopped, at a fill station, the first row of pockets is filled with the drafts and the drafts are tamped into the pockets. The second row of pockets is then filled and tamped. The steps are repeated, until all the rows in the fill station are filled and tamped during the dwell time period. When the dwell time period is over, the web of film is advanced such that new rows of empty pockets are presented at the fill station.  
         [0015]     According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the shuttle conveyor is used to fill the first row of pockets with drafts and then retracted to fill the second row of pockets with drafts, and then retracted to fill each subsequent row of pockets with drafts until all of the rows of the group are filled. After the dwell time period is over, at the same time the packaging film advances to a new dwell position, the shuttle conveyor will also advance in order to repeat the cycle for the next group of pocket rows.  
         [0016]     Alternatively, the shuttle conveyor could fill the groups of rows in a reverse order to that just described, wherein the first filled row of pockets is the row furthest upstream in the web moving direction, and the shuttle conveyor advances to fill the second row, then advances again to fill the third row, etc. After the group of rows is filled during the dwell period, the web of film advances to present an empty new group of rows of pockets and the shuttle conveyor retracts to be in a starting position to fill the new first row.  
         [0017]     Advantageously, to assist in tightening up the drafts in the pocket, the shuttle conveyor is arranged to deposit the drafts into the pocket in an almost vertical attitude.  
         [0018]     According to the exemplary embodiment of the invention, each group of pockets includes four rows by four lanes for 16 pockets. Each group of pockets is filled and packaged per dwell cycle of the packaging machine. At 6 cycles per minute (96 packages per minute), there is approximately 8 seconds to fill the pockets (2 seconds to fill and tamp each row) and 2 seconds for the shuttle to return and be ready for the next group of 4 rows of 4 pockets.  
         [0019]     Numerous other advantages and features of the present invention will be become readily apparent from the following detailed description of the invention and the embodiments thereof, from the claims and from the accompanying drawings.  
     
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS  
       [0020]      FIG. 1  is a schematic elevational view of a slicing and packaging line that incorporates the invention;  
         [0021]      FIG. 2  is an enlarged, schematic elevational view from  FIG. 1  of a pocket-filling apparatus of the invention in a first stage of operation; and  
         [0022]      FIG. 3  is an enlarged, schematic elevational view of the pocket-filling apparatus of  FIG. 2  in a second stage of operation. 
     
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS  
       [0023]     While this invention is susceptible of embodiment in many different forms, there are shown in the drawings, and will be described herein in detail, specific embodiments thereof with the understanding that the present disclosure is to be considered as an exemplification of the principles of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention to the specific embodiments illustrated.  
         [0024]     A system according to the invention includes a slicing machine  20  which cuts slices from a loaf and deposits the slices on an output conveyor assembly  30 , forming shingled or stacked drafts A. The drafts can be piles, bunches or groups of thin sliced product. The slicing machine can be of a type as described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,649,463; 5,704,265; and 5,974,925; as well as patent publications EP0713753 and WO99/08844, herein incorporated by reference. The slicing machine can also be a commercially available FORMAX FX180 machines, available from Formax, Inc. of Mokena, Ill., U.S.A.  
         [0025]     The conveyor assembly  30  includes a check weight conveyor, wherein unacceptable drafts can be rejected and diverted. Acceptable drafts A are moved from the conveyor assembly  30  onto a staging conveyor  44  that includes a row staging conveyor  45  wherein a single file stream of drafts is rearranged in laterally extending rows. Such a staging conveyor  44  is described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,810,149 and is commercially available as the A*180 Autoloader from Formax, Inc. of Mokena, Ill., U.S.A.  
         [0026]     The staging conveyor  44  can include an output conveyor  46  and a ramp conveyor  48 . The row staging conveyor  45  delivers rows of drafts to the output conveyor  46 . The output conveyor delivers the rows of drafts to the ramp conveyor  48 . The ramp conveyor delivers the rows of drafts onto a shuttle conveyor  52 .  
         [0027]     The conveyors  46 ,  48 ,  52  are arranged above a packaging machine  60 , such as a Multivac R530, available from Multivac, Inc. of Kansas City, Mo., U.S.A. At a fill station  61 , the shuttle conveyor  52  delivers rows of drafts into containers in the form of a group of rows of pockets  62  formed in a lower web of film  63  by the packaging machine  60 . Downstream of the fill station  61 , in the direction D, the pockets  62 , filled with product, are sealed by an upper web of film.  
         [0028]      FIGS. 2 and 3  illustrate that the shuttle conveyor  52  includes an endless belt  80 . The belt  80  forms a top conveying region  84  and a bottom region  88 . The belt  80  is wrapped around a stationary belt drive roller  89 , an upper forward roller  90 , an end roller  91 , a bottom forward roller  92 , an idler roller  93 , a stationary bottom roller  94 , and a stationary bottom back roller  95 . The rollers  90 ,  91 ,  92 ,  93  are rotationally mounted on front end sideplates (not shown) to be translated back and forth together. The bottom region  88  of the belt, being wrapped around the movable idler roller  93  and the stationary bottom roller  94 , effectively creates a belt accumulation region  96  between these rollers  93 ,  94 . Controlled translation of the sideplates holding the rollers  90 ,  91 ,  92 ,  93  controls the extension or retraction of the top region  84  of the belt  80 , and the position of an end region  100  of the top region  84 .  
         [0029]     Two spaced-apart, side-by-side carriages  97  are provided. Each carriage  97  is connected to a corresponding front end sideplate (not shown). The rollers  90 ,  91 ,  92 ,  93  are effectively connected to the side-by-side carriages  97  (only one shown), via the front end sideplates. The carriages  97  are connected to a parallel pair of endless positioning belts  98  (only one shown). A servomotor  112  is operatively connected to the positioning belts  98 , via drive pulleys  99 , to drive an upper surface  98   a  of the belts  98  in either an advancing direction (downstream direction of the web of film movement) or a retracting direction (upstream direction of the web of film movement). The servomotor  112  thus controls the retraction and extension of the end region  100  via movement of the carriages  97 . Another servomotor  114  is operatively connected to the drive roller  89  and controls the circulation speed of the conveying belt  80 . A more detailed description of a shuttle conveyor and servomotor drive components is presented in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/201,047, filed Jul. 23, 2002, and is herein incorporated by reference.  
         [0030]     A controller  150 , such as a programmable logic controller (PLC), a microprocessor, a CPU or other control device, is signal connected to the servomotors  112 ,  114 . The controller  150  synchronizes movement of the end region  100  of the conveyor  80  via the servomotor  112 , and the speed of the belt  80  via the servomotor  114 , with the movement of the web of film  63 .  
         [0031]     A tamping apparatus  156  is provided adjacent to the end  100  of the conveyor belt  80 . The tamping apparatus  156  includes a row of tamping mechanism  160  (only one shown). The tamping mechanisms  160  are carried by plates  161  (only one shown) that are mechanically connected to the front end conveyor sideplates  95  to move with the end region  100  when the end region  100  is retracted or advanced. The mechanisms  160  each include a tamp plate  162  mounted on a rod  164 . The tamp plate  162  is shown in an elevated position in  FIG. 3 , and in both an elevated and depressed (shown dashed) position in  FIG. 2 . The rod  164  is partially fit within, and actuated by, a pneumatic cylinder  166 . When the rod  164  is extended, and the tamp plate  162  is depressed, the draft A is packed more tightly into a respective pocket  62   a . The row of tamping mechanisms  160  correspond in number to the number of pockets in each row, i.e., each pocket within each row would be filled together and then tamped together by a corresponding tamping mechanism  160 . Vertical supports  163  (shown schematically) connected to the plates  161  can be used to mount the pneumatic cylinders  166 .  
         [0032]     The pneumatic cylinder  166  is activated to raise or lower the rod  164  by a solenoid valve  170  that is signal-connected to the controller  150 . An optical sensor (or sensors)  174  can be used to sense the presence or absence of a draft A on the ramp conveyor region  180 . The optical sensor  174  is signal-connected to the controller  150 . The synchronization of the tamping mechanisms  160  with the filling of the pockets  62  can be accomplished using the optical sensor  174  and/or information of the conveyor speed from the servomotor  114 .  
         [0033]      FIG. 3  illustrates that the movable rollers  90 ,  91 ,  92 ,  93 , operatively carried by the front end sideplates  95 , have been driven to the right by the carriages  97 , that are driven by the servomotor  112 , by an incremental distance x. The distance x is demonstrated in  FIG. 3  by the change in position of the roller  93 . The end region  100  is now in position to deposit the next row of drafts A into the second row of pockets  62   b . The tamping mechanisms  160  are also shifted to be above the second row of pockets  62   b  and the process of depositing drafts A and tamping the drafts is repeated. The process is then repeated for each subsequent row  62   c ,  62   d.    
         [0034]     The end region  100  of the conveyor belt  80 , is part of a ramp conveyor region  180  of the conveyor belt  80 . The ramp conveyor region  180  is angled downwardly toward the rows of pockets  62  in order to controllably deposit drafts into the pockets. The ramp conveyor region  180  has a steep inclination which assists in tightening the drafts A entering the pockets  62 .  
         [0035]     The group of rows of pockets is preferably filled while the web of film  63  is stationary at the fill station  61 , i.e., during the dwell period of the packaging operation. After the group is filled and the dwell period is over, the web of film  63  is moved in the direction D to reveal a new group of rows of pockets for filing. to the controller  150 . The synchronization of the tamping mechanisms  160  with the filling of the pockets  62  can be accomplished using the optical sensor  174  and/or information of the conveyor speed from the servomotor  114 .  
         [0036]      FIG. 3  illustrates that the movable rollers  90 ,  91 ,  92 ,  93 , operatively carried by the front end sideplates (not shown), have been driven to the right by the carriages  97 , that are driven by the servomotor  112 , by an incremental distance x. The distance x is demonstrated in  FIG. 3  by the change in position of the roller  93 . The end region  100  is now in position to deposit the next row of drafts A into the second row of pockets  62   b . The tamping mechanisms  160  are also shifted to be above the second row of pockets  62   b  and the process of depositing drafts A and tamping the drafts is repeated. The process is then repeated for each subsequent row  62   c ,  62   d.    
         [0037]     The end region  100  of the conveyor belt  80 , is part of a ramp conveyor region  180  of the conveyor belt  80 . The ramp conveyor region  180  is angled downwardly toward the rows of pockets  62  in order to controllably deposit drafts into the pockets. The ramp conveyor region  180  has a steep inclination which assists in tightening the drafts A entering the pockets  62 .  
         [0038]     The group of rows of pockets is preferably filled while the web of film  63  is stationary at the fill station  61 , i.e., during the dwell period of the packaging operation. After the group is filled and the dwell period is over, the web of film  63  is moved in the direction D to reveal a new group of rows of pockets for filing. Preferably as the web of film  63  is moved the shuttle conveyor is advanced to be in a position to fill the first row of the new group. Preferably as the web of film  63  is moved the shuttle conveyor is advanced to be in a position to fill the first row of the new group.  
         [0039]     Alternatively, the shuttle conveyor could fill the groups of rows in a reverse order to that just described, wherein the first filled row of pockets is the row furthest upstream in the web moving direction D, and the shuttle conveyor advances to fill the second row, then advances again to fill the third row, etc. After the group of rows is filled during the dwell period, the web of film advances to present an empty new group of rows of pockets and the shuttle conveyor retracts to be in a starting position to fill the new first row.  
         [0040]     From the foregoing, it will be observed that numerous variations and modifications may be effected without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. It is to be understood that no limitation with respect to the specific apparatus illustrated herein is intended or should be inferred. It is, of course, intended to cover by the appended claims all such modifications as fall within the scope of the claims.