Abstract:
This invention relates to a formulation and the lens manufacturing process in the areas of medicine, ophthalmology, cataracts and cataract surgery for the production of mainly intraocular lens (IOL) which is flexible, biocompatible and has long-shelf life.

Description:
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
       [0001]    This invention relates to a formulation and the lens manufacturing process in the areas of medicine, ophthalmology, cataracts and cataract surgery for the production of mainly intraocular lens (IOL) which is flexible, biocompatible and has long-shelf life . 
       BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
       [0002]    Natural intraocular lenses in the human eye lose its vision due to the build up problem on the surface of the lenses or damage of lenses by aging and/or diseases passed. Today, the build up problem on natural lenses replaced with the new synthetic lenses by an operation known as cataract surgery. Domestic natural eye lens in the human eye has been first replaced in 1949 using methyl methacrylate-based hard polymeric lens. In general, different acrylate lenses are used for this aim. 
         [0003]    In recent years, surgeons prefer to use lenses with high reactive index, biocompatible, foldable intraocular lenses providing ease on micro incisional surgery. 
         [0004]    Intraocular lens manufacturing technology is generally based on thermal polymerization method using a mold and forming it into the lens by turning machine coupled with laser technology. However, this method is time consuming and expensive and has dimensional stability problems due to the production method used. Moreover, invisible fractures can be encountered on the lens of the surface causing so-called glistening problems due to the use of turning processes. 
         [0005]    Another manufacturing method for the production of intraocular lenses is the photopolymerization process which is an environmentally friendly and energy saving method. Said method is an appropriate method in terms of production costs. In the prior United States patent document No. U.S. Pat. No. 6,201,036 it is mentioned that an intraocular lens production obtained by the use of photopolymerization method. 
         [0006]    In recent years, blue light (400-500 nm) were determined to pose a potential hazard to the retina. In the United States patent document No. U.S. Pat. No. 6,353,069 the production of lenses with high refractive index using two or more acrylate and/or methacrylate-containing copolymers in aromatic structure was mentioned. In the United State patent document of. No. U.S. Pat. No. 5,470,932 the addition of yellow paint into the formulation was mentioned. However, such nonreactive input like acrylate causes diffusion problems causing reduction of the activity of the ingredient by time. 
         [0007]    UV (ultraviolet) blocking process as mentioned in Japanese Patent JP10282302 and European Patent No. EP1785747 and WO97/27223 can also be obtained by surface coating of the lenses. However, the desired results cannot be obtained in case of nonhomogeneous coatings. Lenses with non-blocking feature in the range of 300-430 nm may cause second cataract formation and cause negative results from the biocompatibility tests which is the indication of the long-term use results of the lenses. 
         [0008]    “The AcrySof Natural Lens SN60AT” yellow lens produced by ALCON company has UV-blocking feature in the spectral tansmittance values of 400-475 nm. It was believed and also observed during the eye transplantation operations that especially after 54 years old, natural lens is yellowing in order to reduce the damage of light in the 400-475 nm on retina. The body naturally adjusts itself to protect damge of light on this wave length. Researchers working on cataract surgery belived that this property should also be carried to the synthetic lenses for the patients at the age of 54 or older. ALCON company used ingredients that can absorb blue light and “AcrySof Natural” took commercial product on the market. In order to minimize the diffusion of the blue light absorbing ingredient from the lens ALCON added acrylic groups to the blue light absorbing ingredient as mentioned in the U.S. Pat. No. 5,470,932, U.S. Pat. No. 7,803,359 and US2010/0113641 numbered United States patent. All of the afore mentioned lenses were obtained by molding thermally and shaping with turning coupled with laser. 
         [0009]    US2012/0232648 No. United States patent mentioned lenses with a shape memory polymer (SMP) intraocular lens may have a refractive index above 1.45, a Tg between 10° C. and 60° C., inclusive, de minimis or an absence of glistening, and substantially 100% transmissivity of light in the visible spectrum. 
         [0010]    The intraocular lens is then rolled at a temperature above Tg of the SMP material. The intraocular device is radially compressed within a die to a diameter of less than or equal to 1.8 mm while maintaining the temperature above Tg. The compressed intraocular lens device may be inserted through an incision less than 2 mm wide in a cornea or sclera or other anatomical structure. The lens can be inserted into the capsular bag, the ciliary sulcus, or other cavity through the incision. The SMP can substantially achieve refractive index values of greater than or equal to 1.45. 
         [0011]    In the United States patent document No. US2013/0107201 it is mentioned A multifocal ophthalmic device is disclosed, wherein the lens body comprises a curcuminoid compound as a UV-light stabilizer and/or co-polymeric composition which is drawn from pre-polymerization mixture of defined monomers lens body of the multifocal ophthalmic device is being formed. With a plurality of concentric annular Zones, which effect both diffraction and refraction of incident light, and which separated by slanted steps that are substantially devoid of any diffractive or refractive power. 
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
       [0012]    This invention relates to a formulation and the lens manufacturing process in the areas of medicine, ophthalmology, cataracts and cataract surgery for the production of mainly intraocular lens (IOL) which is flexible, biocompatible and has long-shelf life. 
         [0013]    Another object of the invention is to realize a formulation and the intraocular lens manufacturing process providing an intraocular lens with UV-blocking property using a formulation containing reactive functional groups that can react at the region of 300-475 nm UV light 
         [0014]    Another object of the invention is to produce lenses using thermal and/or photopolymerization (UV/ultraviolet LED/light emmiting device or UV/LED) and/or by combined use of both methods. 
         [0015]    Another object of the invention is to provide an intraocular lens formulation and production method to obtain intraocular lenses with high refractive index. 
         [0016]    Another object of the invention is to provide an intraocular lens formulation and production method for the production of a one piece hydrophobic intraocular lens. 
         [0017]    Another object of the invention is to provide an intraocular lens formulation and production method by using photopolymerization process. 
         [0018]    Another object of the invention is to provide an intraocular lens formulation and production method depending on the inputs and their ratios to obtain two different type of lenses with white or yellow colours. 
     
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
       [0019]    This invention relates to a formulation and the lens manufacturing process using photopolymerization which gives lenses with UV-blocking properties and smooth surface, flexible, high refractive index value, inexpensive, hydrophobic, and without glistening problem resulting from turning applications. 
         [0020]    The formulation according to the present invention comprises; 
         [0021]    20 to 80 percent by weight acrylate and/or methacrylate-based oligomer ingredients, used as binders in the formulation, 
         [0022]    5 to 40 percent by weight acrylate and/or methacrylate based monomer ingredients, used as reactive diluents, 
         [0023]    1 to 5 weight percent by weight acrylate and/or methacrylate based UV blocking ingredient(s), used as UV-blockers and 
         [0024]    0.1 to 5 percent by weight photoinitiator ingredient, used to initiate the photopolymerization process. 
         [0025]    The oligomer used in the formulation according to the invention is between 20% to 80% and of the structure of urethane acrylate and/or urethane methacrylate based. 
         [0026]    Monofunctional acrylate and/or methacrylate based reactive monomer in the formulation is in the range of 5% to 40% by weight and may be used in different structures like; methacrylic acid, metilkarbitol methacrylate, phenoxyethyl methacrylate, octyl methacryl ate, methyl methacrylate, hydroxyethyl methacryl ate, ethoxyethyl methacrylate, ethyl eneglycol dimethacrylate, N-vinyl pyrrolidone, allyl methacrylate, N, N-Dimetakrilamif, glyceryl methacrylate and tetraethylene glycol dimethacrylate. 
         [0027]    UV blocking ingredient in the formulation is 1% to 5% by weight in the formulation. As UV blockers in the preferred embodiment of the invention; 2-(4-Benzoyl-3-hidrokisfenoks) ethyl acrylate), 4-Methakriloks-2-hydroxybenzophenone), 2-(2′-Hydroxy-5′-metakriloksietilfenil)-2H-benzotriazole, coumarin or substances on the polyarylene ether structure is used. 
         [0028]    The present invention formulation has photoinitiator to initiate the photopolymerization. The photoinitiator ratio in the formulation is 0.1% to 5% by weight and may be used in different structures like; 2,4,6-trimetilbenzoildifenilfosf oxide, (2-benzyl-2-N-dimethylamino-1-(4-morpholinopropan-1), (hydroxycyclohexyl) phenyl ketone, 2-benzyl-2-N-dimethylamino-1-(4-morfolinopenil)-1-butanone, benzene, dimethyl ketal, isopropyl benzoin ketal, 2-n-propoxy-9H-9-thioxanthenes and ethyl 4-(dimethylamino) benzoate. 
         [0029]    Intra ocular lenses obtained by using the formulation of the invention give flexible and hydrophobic lenses with polymeric structure. Refractive index of the said lens is greater than or equal to 1.5. One piece (monobloc) lenses are produced in an economical manner without diffusion problems with photopolimerization method. 
         [0030]    This invention relates to a formulation and the lens manufacturing process using photopolymerization process which gives lenses with smooth surface and UV-blocking properties, flexible, high refractive index value, inexpensive, and hydrophobic. All of the aforementioned lenses were obtained by molding thermally and shaping with turning coupled with laser. The method comprises the steps of: 
         [0031]    The preparation of the formulation, 
         [0032]    Placing the formulation into the die, 
         [0033]    Curing the formulation by photopolymerization method, 
         [0034]    Removing cured formulation from the die, 
         [0035]    Extraction with isopropyl alcohol and performing sterilization to the dedied formulations. 
         [0036]    In the method according to the present invention; a formulation is prepared by using; between 20 to 80 by weight percent acrylate and/or methacrylate-based oligomer(s) as binders; between 5 to 40 weight percent acrylate and/or methacrylate-based monomers, as reactive diluent; between 0.1 to 5 weight percent photoinitiator to initiate the reaction; between 1 to 5 weight percent acrylate/or methacrylate-based UV blocker as UV absorbing ingredient. This formulation is transferred preferably into a quartz (quartz) die. The formulation contained in the die is cured by photopolymerization method. In a preferred embodiment of the invention for photopolymerization process light sources used as ultraviolet, LED or both ultraviolet with LED. The formulation (lens) was removed from the die after curing operation, extracted in isopropyl alcohol. Finally, the product is sanitized by subjecting to sterilization. 
         [0037]    The intraocular lenses obtained in this invention have polymeric structures with flexible and hydrophobic properties. Refractive index of said lenses are greater than or equal to 1.5. Lenses are one piece (monobloc) which are produced in an economical manner without diffusion problems by photopolimerization method. 
         [0038]    Around these fundamental concepts, the invention “Intraocular Lens Production provides a formulation and method” the development of related various applications are possible, the present invention is not limited to the examples described herein and is essentially according to the claims.