Abstract:
There is provided a method for using a toy for effecting sales over a public network, the method comprising: providing a toy having interactive speaking and listening functionality; connecting the toy via a public network to at least one server having transactional functionality; and effecting sales by employing the transactional functionality via the interactive speaking and listening functionality of said toy.

Description:
REFERENCE TO EARLIER FILED APPLICATIONS 
     This application is a continuation-in-part of application Ser. No. 09/062,500, filed Apr. 17, 1998, application Ser. No. 09/081,889, filed May 20, 1998, which is a continuation-in-part of PCT/IL,96/00157, filed Nov. 20, 1996, which is a continuation-in-part of application Ser. No. 08/561,316, filed Nov. 20, 1995, now U.S. Pat. No. 5,752,880, and copending application Ser. No. 09/260,931, filed Mar. 2, 1999. The disclosure of application Ser. No. 09/062,500, application Ser. No. 09/081,889, and application Ser. No. 09/260,931 are incorporated herein by reference. 
    
    
     FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention relates to toys in general, particularly computer controlled toys that provide messages to the user or toys used in conjunction with a computer system. 
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     Printed television guides are known. A variety of advertising technologies are known. 
     Internet push technology is used to provide information, collated and collected from across the world wide web, to individual or corporate users who have requested such information. The types of information are selected by the user, however the particular informative items are not individually selected by the user. The informative items, which may include news, weather, sport, stock market updates etc. are sent directly over the Internet or an intranet to a user&#39;s computer. This technology benefits a user by providing selected types of information to a user without the user having to spend the time surfing the web to retrieve the information directly. 
     Information providers that utilize Internet push technology are listed by Frank Vaughan, 1997, in “Surfing the Internet: Push technology is one of the newest killer apps.”, Computer Bits, Vol. 7, No. 10, and can be found at the following URL: http://iago.computerbits.com/archive/19971000/surf9710. htm. 
     Toys which are remotely controlled by wireless communication and which are not used in conjunction with a computer system are well known in the art. Typically, such toys include vehicles whose motion is controlled by a human user via a remote control device. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 4,712,184 to Haugerud describes a computer controlled educational toy, the construction of which teaches the user computer terminology and programming and robotic technology. Haugerud describes computer control of a toy via a wired connection, wherein the user of the computer typically writes a simple program to control movement of a robot. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 4,840,602 to Rose describes a talking doll responsive to an external signal, in which the doll has a vocabulary stored in digital data in a memory which may be accessed to cause a speech synthesizer in the doll to simulate speech. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 5,021,878 to Lang describes an animated character system with real-time control. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 5,142,803 to Lang describes an animated character system with real-time control. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 5,191,615 to Aldava et al. describes an interrelational audio kinetic entertainment system in which movable and audible toys and other animated devices spaced apart from a television screen are provided with program synchronized audio and control data to interact with the program viewer in relationship to the television program. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 5,195,920 to Collier describes a radio controlled toy vehicle which generates realistic sound effects on board the vehicle. Communications with a remote computer allows an operator to modify and add new sound effects. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 5,270,480 to Hikawa describes a toy acting in response to a MIDI signal, wherein an instrument-playing toy performs simulated instrument playing movements. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 5,289,273 to Lang describes a system for remotely controlling an animated character. The system uses radio signals to transfer audio, video and other control signals to the animated character to provide speech, hearing vision and movement in real-time. 
     U.S. Pat. No. 5,388,493 describes a system for a housing for a vertical dual keyboard MIDI wireless controller for accordionists. The system may be used with either a conventional MIDI cable connection or by a wireless MIDI transmission system. 
     German Patent DE 3009-040 to Neuhierl describes a device for adding the capability to transmit sound from a remote control to a controlled model vehicle. The sound is generated by means of a microphone or a tape recorder and transmitted to the controlled model vehicle by means of radio communications. The model vehicle is equipped with a speaker that emits the received sounds. 
     The disclosures of all publications mentioned in the specification and of the publications cited therein are hereby incorporated by reference. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention seeks to provide methods and apparatus for toys, particularly computer controlled toys that provide messages to the user and can be used in effecting sales over a public network. 
     There is thus provided in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention method for using a toy for effecting sales over a public network, the method comprising: 
     providing a toy having interactive speaking and listening functionality; 
     connecting the toy via a public network to at least one server having transactional functionality; and 
     effecting sales by employing said transactional functionality via the interactive speaking and listening functionality of the toy. 
     It will be appreciated that the toy may effect sales in the course of on-line operation with respect to the transactional functionality of the server or alternatively in the course of off-line operation. 
     In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the step of effecting sales comprises employing said interactive speaking and listening functionality of said toy as an interface between a customer and the transactional functionality. 
     In accordance with another preferred embodiment of the invention, the step of effecting resulting sales comprises using the speaking and listening functionality to obtain payment authorization from the user. 
     In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention, the method also comprises recording sales effected through the toy and crediting a commercial entity associated with the toy. 
     In accordance with another preferred embodiment of the invention, the step of providing comprises providing a toy having a persona and wherein the step of effecting sales comprises providing a script according to which the interactive speaking and listening functionality operates. 
     In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention, the script matches the persona of the toy. 
     In accordance with another preferred embodiment of the invention, the step of effecting sales comprises actuating the toy to execute a reinforcing response if a sale is effected and to execute a negative response if a sale is not effected. 
     In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention, the method also comprises obtaining information regarding at least one users interacting with the toy and wherein the step of effecting sales is effected by differential operation of the interactive speaking and listening functionality for different users, depending on the information regarding said different users. 
     In accordance with another preferred embodiment of the invention, the method also comprises: 
     accepting a filtering request from a user; and 
     modifying the scope of the sales effecting step responsive to said filtering request. 
     There is also provided, in accordance with another preferred embodiment of the invention, a method for using a toy for promoting sales over a public network, the method comprising: 
     providing a toy having interactive speaking and listening functionality; 
     connecting the toy via a public network to at least one server providing at least one sales promotion scripts; 
     actuating the interactive speaking and listening functionality of the toy, using at least one sales promotion scripts; and 
     recording at least one parameter characterizing a user&#39;s response to the at least one sales promotion scripts. 
     In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention, the method also comprises automatically billing at least one entities associated respectively with the at least one sales promotion scripts, depending on the user&#39;s response to said at least one sales promotion scripts. 
     In accordance with another preferred embodiment of the invention, the method also comprises: 
     accepting a filtering request from a user; and 
     modifying the scope of the actuating step responsive to said filtering request. 
     In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention, the step of actuating comprises providing a user with an entitlement to a discount, at a sales outlet. 
     In accordance with another preferred embodiment of the invention, the step of entitlement providing comprises the step of printing out a coupon. 
     There is also provided, in accordance with another preferred embodiment of the invention, a method for using a toy for enhancing television rating, the method comprising: 
     providing a toy having interactive speaking and listening functionality; 
     connecting the toy via a public network to at least one server providing at least one scripts promoting viewing of at least one program of an individual television channel; and 
     actuating the interactive speaking and listening functionality of the toy, using at least one viewing promoting scripts. 
     In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention, the method also comprises recording at least one parameter characterizing a user&#39;s response to the at least one sales promotion scripts. 
     In accordance with another preferred embodiment of the invention, the step of recording comprises recognizing a broadcast of the program. 
     In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention, the step of recording comprises directly monitoring the user&#39;s response. 
     In accordance with another preferred embodiment of the invention, the method also comprises automatically billing at least one entities associated respectively with the at least one viewing promoting scripts, depending on the user&#39;s response to said at least one viewing promoting scripts. 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS AND APPENDICES 
     The present invention will be understood and appreciated from the following detailed description, taken in conjunction with the drawings and appendices in which: 
     FIG. 1A is a partly pictorial, partly block diagram illustration of a computer control system including a toy, constructed and operative in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention; 
     FIG. 1B is a partly pictorial, partly block diagram illustration a preferred implementation of the toy  122  of FIG. 1A; 
     FIG. 1C is a partly pictorial, partly block diagram illustration of a computer control system including a toy, constructed and operative in accordance with an alternative preferred embodiment of the present invention; 
     FIGS. 2A-2C are simplified pictorial illustrations of a portion of the system of FIG. 1A in use; 
     FIG. 3 is a simplified block diagram of a preferred implementation of the computer radio interface  110  of FIG. 1A; 
     FIG. 4 is a more detailed block diagram of the computer radio interface  110  of FIG. 3; 
     FIGS. 5A-5D taken together comprise a schematic diagram of the apparatus of FIG. 4; 
     FIG. 5E is an schematic diagram of an alternative implementation of the apparatus of FIG. 5D; 
     FIG. 6 is a simplified block diagram of a preferred implementation of the toy control device  130  of FIG. 1A; 
     FIGS. 7-7F, taken together with either FIG. 5D or FIG. 5E, comprise a schematic diagram of the apparatus of FIG. 6; 
     FIG. 8A is a simplified flowchart illustration of a preferred method for receiving radio signals, executing commands comprised therein, and sending radio signals, within the toy control device  130  of FIG. 1A; 
     FIGS. 8B-8T, taken together, comprise a simplified flowchart illustration of a preferred implementation of the method of FIG. 8A; 
     FIG. 9A is a simplified flowchart illustration of a preferred method for receiving MIDI signals, receiving radio signals, executing commands comprised therein, sending radio signals, and sending MIDI signals, within the computer radio interface  110  of FIG. 1A; 
     FIGS. 9B-9N, taken together with FIGS. 8D-8M, comprise a simplified flowchart illustration of a preferred implementation of the method of FIG. 9A; 
     FIGS. 10A-10C are simplified pictorial illustrations of a signal transmitted between the computer radio interface  110  and the toy control device  130  of FIG. 1A; 
     FIG. 11 is a simplified flowchart illustration of a preferred method for generating control instructions for the apparatus of FIG. 1A; 
     FIGS. 12A-12C are pictorial illustrations of a preferred implementation of a graphical user interface implementation of the method of FIG. 11; 
     FIG. 13 is a block diagram of a first sub-unit of a multi-port multi-channel implementation of the computer radio interface  110  of FIG. 1A, which sub-unit resides within computer  100  of FIG. 1A; 
     FIG. 14 is a block diagram of a second sub-unit of a multi-port multi-channel implementation of the computer radio interface  110  of FIG. 1A, which sub-unit complements the apparatus of FIG.  13  and resides exteriorly to computer  100  of FIG. 1A; 
     FIGS. 15A-15E, taken together, form a detailed electronic schematic diagram of the toy control device of FIG. 6, suitable for the multi-channel implementation of FIGS. 13 and 14; 
     FIG. 16 is a simplified flowchart illustration of a preferred method by which a computer selects a control channel pair in anticipation of a toy becoming available and starts a game-defining communication over the control channel each time both a toy and a transceiver of the computer radio interface are available; 
     FIG. 17 is a simplified flowchart illustration of a preferred method for implementing the “select control channel pair” step of FIG. 16; 
     FIG. 18A is a simplified flowchart illustration of a preferred method for implementing the “select information communication channel pair” step of FIG. 16; 
     FIG. 18B is a simplified flowchart illustration of a preferred method for performing the “locate computer” step of FIG. 18A; 
     FIG. 19 is a simplified flowchart illustration of a preferred method of operation of the toy control device  130 ; 
     FIG. 20 is a simplified illustration of a remote game server in association with a wireless computer controlled toy system which may include a network computer; 
     FIG. 21 is a simplified flowchart illustration of the operation of the computer or of the network computer of FIG. 20, when operating in conjunction with the remote server; 
     FIG. 22 is a simplified flowchart illustration of the operation of the remote game server of FIG. 20; 
     FIG. 23 is a semi-pictorial semi-block diagram illustration of a wireless computer controlled toy system including a proximity detection subsystem operative to detect proximity between the toy and the computer; 
     FIGS. 24A-24E, taken together, form a detailed electronic schematic diagram of a multi-channel implementation of the computer radio interface  110  of FIG. 3 which is similar to the detailed electronic schematic diagrams of FIGS. 5A-5D except for being multi-channel, therefore capable of supporting full duplex applications, rather than single-channel; 
     FIGS. 25A-25F, taken together, form a detailed schematic illustration of a computer radio interface which connects to a serial port of a computer rather than to the soundboard of the computer; 
     FIGS. 26A-26D, taken together, form a detailed schematic illustration of a computer radio interface which connects to a parallel port of a computer rather than to the soundboard of the computer; 
     FIGS. 27A-27J are preferred flowchart illustrations of a preferred radio coding technique which is an alternative to the radio coding technique described above with reference to FIGS. 8E,  8 G- 8 M and  10 A-C; 
     FIGS. 28A-28K, taken together, form a detailed electronic schematic diagram of the multi-port multi-channel computer radio interface sub-unit of FIG. 13; FIGS. 29A-29I, taken together, form a detailed electronic schematic diagram of the multi-port multi-channel computer radio interface sub-unit of FIG. 14; 
     FIG. 30 is a partly pictorial, partly block diagram illustration of a computer control system including a toy, constructed and operative in accordance with a further preferred embodiment of the present invention; 
     FIG. 31 is a block diagram is a simplified block diagram illustrating the combination of the computer radio interface and the toy control device as used in the embodiment of FIG. 30; 
     FIGS. 32A,  32 B and  32 C taken together form a simplified block diagram of the EPLD chip of FIG. 28H; 
     FIG. 33 is a semi-pictorial semi-block diagram illustration of a computerized networked advertisement system constructed and operative in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention in which a physical toy conveys advertisement bulletins to a user of the toy; 
     FIG. 34 is a data transmission diagram describing data transmissions between various network service providers which support the advertisement system of FIG. 33 according to one preferred embodiment of the present invention; 
     FIG. 35 is a semi-pictorial semi-block diagram illustration of a computerized networked advertisement system constructed and operative in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention in which a virtual toy conveys advertisement bulletins to a user of the toy; 
     FIG. 36 is a simplified flowchart illustration of a preferred mode of operation for the user PC of FIG. 34; 
     FIG. 37 is a simplified flowchart illustration of a preferred mode of operation for the game software server of FIG. 34; 
     FIG. 38 is a simplified flowchart illustration of a preferred mode of operation for the marketer/advertisement provider of FIG. 34; 
     FIG. 39 is a simplified flowchart illustration of a preferred mode of operation for the software maintenance center of FIG. 34; 
     FIGS. 40-58 describe a Living Object Internet Service System (LOIS) constructed and operative in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention. 
     Appendix A is a computer listing of a preferred software implementation of the method of FIGS. 9A-9N, together with the method of FIGS. 8D-8M; 
     Appendix B is a computer listing of a preferred software implementation of the method of FIGS. 8A-8T; 
     Appendix C is a computer listing of a preferred software implementation of an example of a computer game for use in the computer  100  of FIG. 1; 
     Appendix D is a computer listing of a preferred software implementation of the method of FIG.  11  and FIGS. 12A-12C. 
     Appendices E-H, taken together, are computer listings from which a first, DLL-compatible, functions library may be constructed; 
     Appendices I-O, taken together, are computer listings of a second functions library which may be used to generate a variety of games for any of the computer control systems shown and described herein; 
     FIG. 59 is a simplified semi-pictorial semi-block diagram illustration of a toy/marketing system constructed and operative in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the toy communicating directly with the Internet; 
     FIG. 60 is a simplified block diagram of a preferred implementation of the network controller of FIG. 59; 
     FIG. 61 is a simplified semi-pictorial semi-block diagram illustration of a toy/marketing system constructed and operative in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the toy communicating with the Internet via a household computer connected to the toy by wire; 
     FIG. 62 is a simplified block diagram of a preferred analog implementation of the computer networked controller of FIG.  61  and its audio communication link to the household computer; 
     FIG. 63 is a simplified block diagram of a preferred digital implementation of the computer networked controller of FIG.  61  and its audio communication link to the household computer; 
     FIG. 64 is a variation on the apparatus of FIG. 63 in which the computer networked controller of FIG. 61 is disposed adjacently to the computer rather than being disposed adjacently to the toy; 
     FIG. 65 is a simplified semi-pictorial semi-block diagram illustration of a toy/marketing system constructed and operative in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the toy communicating with the Internet via a household computer connected wirelessly to the toy; 
     FIG. 66 is a simplified block diagram of a preferred implementation of the wireless controller and of the transceiver, both of FIG. 65, the transceiver being connected to the computer via its MIDI connector and its audio connectors; 
     FIG. 67 is a simplified block diagram of a preferred implementation of wireless controller and of transceiver, both of FIG. 65, the transceiver being connected to the computer via its serial or parallel ports; 
     FIG. 68 is a diagram of an example of a collection of script objects organized as a script; 
     FIG. 69 is a simplified flowchart illustration of a preferred method for processing any one of the “talk”-type script objects of FIG. 68; 
     FIG. 70 is a simplified flowchart illustration of a preferred method for processing a “listen and sense”-type script object such as the “listen and sense” script object of FIG. 68; 
     FIG. 71 is a simplified flowchart illustration of a preferred method for processing a “listen and sense”-type script object such as the “listen and sense” script object of FIG. 68; 
     FIG. 72 is a simplified semi-pictorial semi-block diagram illustration of a toy/marketing system including a plurality of toys associated via a network with a plurality of motivational content providers/servers; 
     FIG. 73 is a top-level diagram showing major hardware components located at various sites of a toy/marketing system constructed and operative in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention; 
     FIG. 74 is a top-level dataflow diagram showing dataflow between the various sites of FIG. 73; 
     FIG. 75 is a diagram describing operation of two actors operating in an “at home” system operation site; 
     FIG. 76 is a diagram describing operation of two actors operating in an “advertisers headquarters” (also termed herein “motivational content provider”) system operation site; 
     FIG. 77 is a diagram describing operation of four actors operating in an “at toy maker” system operation site; 
     FIG. 78 is a simplified functional breakdown of a portion of the toy/marketing system which resides at the “at-home” site; 
     FIG. 79 is a simplified functional breakdown of a portion of the toy/marketing system which resides at a site termed herein “coordinator of motivational content providers” site; 
     FIG. 80 is a simplified functional breakdown of a portion of the toy/marketing system which resides at the “advertising headquarters” site; 
     FIG. 81 is a simplified functional breakdown of a portion of the toy/marketing system, including a server, which portion resides at the “toy maker” site; 
     FIG. 82 is a simplified functional breakdown of a portion of the toy/marketing system which resides at the “toy maker” site and which does not include a server; 
     FIG. 83 is a dataflow diagram illustrating dataflow relationships between the functional units of the “at home” site; 
     FIG. 84 is a dataflow diagram illustrating dataflow relationships between the functional units of the “advertising headquarters” site; 
     FIG. 85 is a dataflow diagram illustrating dataflow relationships between the functional units of the “toy maker” site; 
     FIG. 86 is a state diagram of the client logger of FIG. 78; 
     FIG. 87 is a state diagram of the LOCS (living object control software) of FIG. 78; 
     FIG. 88 is a state diagram of the push client unit of FIG. 78; 
     FIG. 89 is a dataflow diagram showing dataflow between the “home” site and the “motivational content provider” site, during a home software updating process operative in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention; 
     FIG. 90 is a simplified flowchart illustration of a preferred implementation of a selling script or selling process for the network controller of FIG. 59 or FIG. 61 at home; 
     FIG. 91 is a simplified flowchart illustration of a preferred implementation of a selling script or selling process carried out by the motivational content provider server in conjunction with the network controller, both of FIG. 59, at home; 
     FIG. 92 is a semi-pictorial semi-data flow diagram illustration depicting a preferred method for processing user responses to motivational content, in order to provide the entities generating the motivational content with feedback and/or in order to bill the entities generating the motivational content; 
     FIG. 93 is a simplified flowchart illustration of a preferred method for generating TV program heralding messages which are a form of motivational prompt; 
     FIG. 94 is an example of a “script file”; 
     FIG. 95 is an example of a feedback script file which is called by the script file of FIG. 94, and which is operative to prompt a user to provide feedback regarding television shows which s/he has been watching; 
     FIG. 96 is an example of a screen display which may be generated by the web browser of the living object client of FIG. 78; 
     FIG. 97 is another example of a screen display which may be generated by the web browser of the living object client of FIG. 78; 
     FIG. 98 is a table of functions supported by the system which are typically actuated by a child user of the system; 
     FIG. 99 is a table of installation functions supported by the system which are typically actuated by a parent user of the system who is a parent of the child user of the system; 
     FIG. 158 is a table of registration functions supported by the system which are typically actuated by the parent user of the system; 
     FIG. 101 is a table of billing functions supported by the system which are typically actuated by the parent user of the system; 
     FIG. 102 is a table of purchasing functions supported by the system which are typically actuated by the parent user of the system; 
     FIG. 103 is a table of registration configuration functions supported by the system which are typically actuated by a corporate user of the system such as a toy manufacturer; 
     FIG. 104 is a table of user profiling data gathering functions supported by the system which are typically actuated by a corporate user of the system such as a toy manufacturer; 
     FIG. 105 is a table of living object configuration update functions supported by the system which are typically actuated by a corporate user of the system such as a toy manufacturer; 
     FIG. 106 is a table of server update functions supported by the system which are typically actuated by a corporate user of the system such as a toy manufacturer; 
     FIG. 107 is a table of new living object configuration functions supported by the system which are typically actuated by a corporate user of the system such as a toy manufacturer; 
     FIG. 108 is a table of new living object update adding functions supported by the system which are typically actuated by a corporate user of the system such as a toy manufacturer; 
     FIG. 109 is a table of new living object update management functions supported by the system which are typically actuated by a corporate user of the system such as a toy manufacturer; 
     FIG. 110 is a table of webstore layout and styling functions supported by the system which are typically actuated by a corporate user of the system such as a toy manufacturer; 
     FIG. 111 is a table of server&#39;s purchase-related functions supported by the system which are typically actuated by a corporate user of the system such as a toy manufacturer; 
     FIG. 112 is a table of user management functions supported by the system which are typically actuated by a corporate user of the system such as a toy manufacturer; 
     FIG. 113 is a table of usage analysis functions supported by the system which are typically actuated by a corporate user of the system such as a toy manufacturer; 
     FIG. 114 is a simplified semi-pictorial semi-block diagram of an audible-information-providing system constructed and operative in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention; 
     FIG. 115 is a simplified block diagram of sites and computing devices of a motivational information providing system constructed and operative in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention; 
     FIG. 116 is a diagram of functions preferably performed at the at-home site of FIG. 115; 
     FIG. 117 is a preferred data flow diagram for the system of FIG. 115; 
     FIG. 118 is a diagram of preferred use cases for the commercial manager of FIG. 117; 
     FIG. 119 is a diagram of preferred use cases for the content provider/content manager of FIG. 117; 
     FIG. 120 is a diagram of preferred use cases for the NANI personalization manager of FIG. 117; 
     FIG. 121 is a diagram of preferred use cases for the NANI creative manager of FIG. 117; 
     FIG. 122 is a diagram of preferred use cases for the commercial manager of FIG. 117; 
     FIG. 123 is a table of use cases of a motivational message providing system or service constructed and operative in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention; 
     FIG. 124 is a table of possible implementations of the use cases of FIG. 123; 
     FIGS. 125 and 126 are tables of additional use cases of a motivational message providing system or service constructed and operative in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention; 
     FIG. 127 is a table of possible implementations of the use cases of FIG. 126; 
     FIG. 128 is a table of additional use cases of a motivational message providing system or service constructed and operative in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention; 
     FIG. 129 is a table of possible implementations of the use cases of FIG. 128; 
     FIG. 130 is a table of additional use cases of a motivational message providing system or service constructed and operative in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention; 
     FIG. 131 is a table of possible implementations of the use cases of FIG. 130; 
     FIG. 132 is a table of additional use cases of a motivational message providing system or service constructed and operative in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention; 
     FIG. 133 is a table of possible implementations of the use cases of FIG. 132; 
     FIGS. 134 and 135 are tables of additional use cases of a motivational message providing system or service constructed and operative in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention; 
     FIG. 136 is a table of possible implementations of the use cases of FIG. 135; 
     FIG. 137 is a table of additional use cases of a motivational message providing system or service constructed and operative in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention; 
     FIG. 138 is a table of possible implementations of the use cases of FIG. 79; 
     FIG. 139 is a table of additional use cases of a motivational message providing system or service constructed and operative in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention; 
     FIG. 140 is a table of possible implementations of the use cases of FIG. 139; 
     FIG. 141 is a table of additional use cases of a motivational message providing system or service constructed and operative in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention; 
     FIG. 142 is a table of possible implementations of the use cases of FIG. 141; 
     FIG. 143 is a table of additional use cases of a motivational message providing system or service constructed and operative in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention; 
     FIG. 144 is a table of possible implementations of the use cases of FIG. 143; 
     FIG. 145 is a table of additional use cases of a motivational message providing system or service constructed and operative in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention; 
     FIG. 146 is a table of possible implementations of the use cases of FIG. 145; 
     FIGS. 147 and 148 are tables of additional use cases of a motivational message providing system or service constructed and operative in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention; 
     FIG. 149 is a table of possible implementations of the use cases of FIG. 148; 
     FIG. 150 is a table of additional use cases of a motivational message providing system or service constructed and operative in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention; 
     FIG. 151 is a table of possible implementations of the use cases of FIG. 150; 
     FIG. 152 is a simplified illustration of a screen display of the computer of FIG. 114 which enables a user to register to the audible-push service and to provide the service with his/her personal selection of information that he or she would like to receive from the service. 
     FIG. 153 is a simplified illustration of the typical textual content of a web-page; 
     FIG. 154 is a script illustrating a possible manner of distribution of the web-page of FIG. 153; 
     FIG. 155 is a bubble diagram of a game for an individual, “tree-quiz”, in which a prize or other token is dispensed to the individual player by one of the nodes in the amusement park; 
     FIGS. 156A-B, taken together, form a diagram of one alternative “Game State Record” data structure of FIGS. 43A-43C of copending U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/062,500, storing information regarding one of the game states, “ask question”, within the individual game of FIG. 155; 
     FIGS. 156A and 56C, taken together, form a diagram of another alternative “Game State Record” data structure of FIGS. 143A-143C of copending U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/062,500, storing information regarding one of the game states, “ask question”, within the individual game of FIG. 155; 
     FIG. 157 is a diagram of two “Game State Record”, data structures of FIGS. 43A-43C of copending U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/062,500 storing information regarding two additional game states, “record answer” and “give present”, within the individual game of FIG. 155; 
     FIG. 158 is a diagram of a “Visitor Record” data structure of FIGS. 43A-43C of copending U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/062,500 storing information regarding an individual visitor playing the individual game of FIGS. 155-157; 
     FIG. 159 is a diagram of a “Node Record” data structure of FIGS. 43A-43C of copending U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/062,500 storing information regarding two nodes, “tree” and “clown”, which are operating within the individual game of FIGS. 155-158; and 
     FIGS. 160A-160B, taken together, form a simplified flowchart illustration of a preferred chain of events including the events which typically occur in playing the “tree-quiz” game of FIGS. 155-159. 
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
     Reference is now made to FIG. 1A which is a partly pictorial, partly block diagram illustration of a computer control system including a toy, constructed and operative in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The system of FIG. 1A comprises a computer  100 , which may be any suitable computer such as, for example, an IBM-compatible personal computer. The computer  100  is equipped with a screen  105 . The computer  100  is preferably equipped with a sound card such as, for example, a Sound Blaster Pro card commercially available from Creative Labs, Inc., 1901 McCarthy Boulevard, Milpitas Calif. 95035 or from Creative Technology Ltd., 67 Ayer Rajah Crescent #03-18, Singapore, 0513; a hard disk; and, optionally, a CD-ROM drive. 
     The computer  100  is equipped with a computer radio interface  110  operative to transmit signals via wireless transmission based on commands received from the computer  100  and, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, also to receive signals transmitted elsewhere via wireless transmission and to deliver the signals to the computer  100 . Typically, commands transmitted from the computer  100  to the computer radio interface  110  are transmitted via both analog signals and digital signals, with the digital signals typically being transmitted by way of a MIDI port. Transmission of the analog and digital signals is described below with reference to FIG.  3 . 
     The transmitted signal may be an analog signal or a digital signal. The received signal may also be an analog signal or a digital signal. Each signal typically comprises a message. A preferred implementation of the computer radio interface  110  is described below with reference to FIG.  3 . 
     The system of FIG. 1A also comprises one or more toys  120 . The system of FIG. 1A comprises a plurality of toys, namely three toys  122 ,  124 , and  126  but it is appreciated that, alternatively, either one toy only or a large plurality of toys may be used. 
     Reference is now additionally made to FIG. 1B, which is a partly pictorial, partly block diagram illustration of the toy  122  of FIG.  1 A. 
     Each toy  120  comprises a power source  125 , such as a battery or a connection to line power. Each toy  120  also comprises a toy control device  130 , operative to receive a wireless signal transmitted by the computer  100  and to cause each toy  120  to perform an action based on the received signal. The received signal may be, as explained above, an analog signal or a digital signal. A preferred implementation of the toy control device  130  is described below with reference to FIG.  6 . 
     Each toy  120  preferably comprises a plurality of input devices  140  and output devices  150 , as seen in FIG.  1 B. The input devices  140  may comprise, for example on or more of the following: a microphone  141 ; a microswitch sensor  142 ; a touch sensor (not shown in FIG.  1 B); a light sensor (not shown in FIG.  1 B); a movement sensor  143 , which may be, for example, a tilt sensor or an acceleration sensor. Appropriate commercially available input devices include the following: position sensors available from Hamlin Inc., 612 East Lake Street, Lake Mills, Wis. 53551, USA; motion and vibration sensors available from Comus International, 263 Hillside Avenue, Nutley, N.J. 07110, USA; temperature, shock, and magnetic sensors available from Murata Electronics Ltd., Hampshire, England; and switches available from C &amp; K Components Inc., 15 Riverdale Avenue, Newton, Mass. 02058-1082, USA or from Micro Switch Inc., a division of Honeywell, USA The output devices  150  may comprise, for example, one or more of the following: a speaker  151 ; a light  152 ; a solenoid  153  which may be operative to move a portion of the toy; a motor, such as a stepping motor, operative to move a portion of the toy or all of the toy (not shown in FIG.  1 B). Appropriate commercially available output devices include the following: DC motors available from Alkatel (dunkermotoren), Postfach 1240, D-7823, Bonndorf/Schwarzald, Germany; stepping motors and miniature motors available from Haydon Switch and Instruments, Inc. (HSI), 1500 Meriden Road, Waterbury, Conn., USA; and DC solenoids available from Communications Instruments, Inc., P.O. Box 520, Fairview, N.C. 28730, USA 
     Examples of actions which the toy may perform include the following: move a portion of the toy; move the entire toy; or produce a sound, which may comprise one or more of the following: a recorded sound, a synthesized sound, music including recorded music or synthesized music, speech including recorded speech or synthesized speech. 
     The received signal may comprise a condition governing the action as, for example, the duration of the action, or the number of repetitions of the action. 
     Typically, the portion of the received signal comprising a message comprising a command to perform a specific action as, for example, to produce a sound with a given duration, comprises a digital signal. The portion of the received signal comprising a sound, for example, typically comprises an analog signal. Alternatively, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the portion of the received signal comprising a sound, including music, may comprise a digital signal, typically a signal comprising MIDI data. 
     The action the toy may perform also includes reacting to signals transmitted by another toy, such as, for example, playing sound that the other toy is monitoring and transmitting. 
     In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the toy control device  130  is also operative to transmit a signal intended for the computer  100 , to be received by the computer radio interface  110 . In this embodiment, the computer radio interface  110  is preferably also operative to poll the toy control device  130 , that is, transmit a signal comprising a request that the toy control device  130  transmit a signal to the computer radio interface  110 . It is appreciated that polling is particularly preferred in the case where there are a plurality of toys having a plurality of toy control devices  130 . 
     The signal transmitted by the toy control device  130  may comprise one or more of the following: sound, typically sound captured by a microphone input device  141 ; status of sensor input devices  140  as, for example, light sensors or micro switch; an indication of low power in the power source  125 ; or information identifying the toy. 
     It is appreciated that a sound signal transmitted by the device  130  may also include speech. The computer system is operative to perform a speech recognition operation on the speech signals. Appropriate commercially available software for speech recognition is available from companies such as: Stylus Innovation Inc., One Kendall Square, Building 300, Cambridge, Mass. 02139, USA; A&amp;G Graphics Interface, USA, Telephone No. (617)492-0120, Telefax No. (617)427-3625; “Dragon Dictate For Windows”, available from Dragon Systems Inc., 320 Nevada Street, Mass. 02160, USA, and “SDK” available from Lernout &amp; Hausple Speech Products, Sint-Krispijnstraat 7, 8900 Leper, Belgium. 
     The signal from the radio control interface  110  may also comprise, for example, one or more of the following: a request to ignore input from one or more input devices  140 ; a request to activate one or more input devices  140  or to stop ignoring input from one or more input devices  140 ; a request to report the status of one or more input devices  140 ; a request to store data received from one or more input devices  140 , typically by latching a transition in the state of one or more input devices  140 , until a future time when another signal from the radio control interface  110  requests the toy control device  130  to transmit a signal comprising the stored data received from the one or more input devices  140 ; or a request to transmit analog data, typically comprising sound, typically for a specified period of time. 
     Typically, all signals transmitted in both directions between the computer radio interface  110  and the toy control device  130  include information identifying the toy. 
     Reference is now made to FIG. 1C, which is a partly pictorial, partly block diagram illustration of a computer control system including a toy, constructed and operative in accordance with an alternative preferred embodiment of the present invention. The system of FIG. 1C comprises two computers  100 . It is appreciated that, in general, a plurality of computers  100  may be used. In the implementation of FIG. 1C, all signals transmitted in both directions between the computer radio interface  110  and the toy control device  130  typically include information identifying the computer. 
     The operation of the system of FIG. 1A is now briefly described. Typically, the computer  100  runs software comprising a computer game, typically a game including at least one animated character. Alternatively, the software may comprise educational software or any other interactive software including at least one animated object. As used herein, the term “animated object” includes any object which may be depicted on the computer screen  105  and which interacts with the user of the computer via input to and output from the computer. An animated object may be any object depicted on the screen such as, for example: a doll; an action figure; a toy, such as, for example, an activity toy, a vehicle, or a ride-on vehicle; a drawing board or sketch board; or a household object such as, for example, a clock, a lamp, a chamber pot, or an item of furniture. 
     Reference is now additionally made to FIGS. 2A-2C, which depict a portion of the system of FIG. 1A in use. The apparatus of FIG. 2A comprises the computer screen  105  of FIG.  1 A. On the computer screen are depicted animated objects  160  and  165 . 
     FIG. 2B depicts the situation after the toy  122  has been brought into range of the computer radio interface  10  of FIG. 1A, typically into the same room therewith. Preferably, the toy  122  corresponds to the animated object  160 . For example, in FIG. 2B the toy  122  and the animated object  160 , shown in FIG. 2A, are both a teddy bear. The apparatus of FIG. 2B comprises the computer screen  105 , on which is depicted the animated object  165 . The apparatus of FIG. 2B also comprises the toy  122 . The computer  100 , having received a message via the computer radio interface  110 , from the toy  122 , no longer displays the animated object  160  corresponding to the toy  122 . The functions of the animated object  160  are now performed through the toy  122 , under control of the computer  100  through the computer radio interface  10  and the toy control device  130 . 
     FIG. 2C depicts the situation after the toy  126  has also been brought into range of the computer radio interface  110  of FIG. 1A, typically into the same room therewith. Preferably, the toy  126  corresponds to the animated object  165 . For example, in FIG. 2C the toy  126  and the animated object  165 , shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, are both a clock. The apparatus of FIG. 2C comprises the computer screen  105 , on which no animated objects are depicted. 
     The apparatus of FIG. 2C also comprises the toy  126 . The computer  100 , having received a message via the computer radio interface  110  from the toy  126 , no longer displays the animated object  165  corresponding to the toy  126 . The functions of the animated object  165  are now performed through the toy  126 , under control of the computer  100  through the computer radio interface  110  and the toy control device  130 . 
     In FIG. 2A, the user interacts with the animated objects  160  and  165  on the computer screen, typically using conventional methods. In FIG. 2B the user also interacts with the toy  122 , and in FIG. 2C typically with the toys  122  and  126 , instead of interacting with the animated objects  160  and  165  respectively. It is appreciated that the user may interact with the toys  122  and  126  by moving the toys or parts of the toys; by speaking to the toys; by responding to movement of the toys which movement occurs in response to a signal received from the computer  100 ; by responding to a sound produced by the toys, which sound is produced in response to a signal received from the computer  100  and which may comprise music, speech, or another sound; or otherwise. 
     Reference is now made to FIG. 3 which is a simplified block diagram of a preferred embodiment of the computer radio interface  110  of FIG.  1 A. The apparatus of FIG. 3 comprises the computer radio interface  110 . The apparatus of FIG. 3 also comprises a sound card  190 , as described above with reference to FIG.  1 A. In FIG. 3, the connections between the computer radio interface  110  and the sound card  190  are shown. 
     The computer radio interface  110  comprises a DC unit  200  which is fed with power through a MIDI interface  210  from a sound card MIDI interface  194 , and the following interfaces: a MIDI interface  210  which connects to the sound card MIDI interface  194 ; an audio interface  220  which connects to an audio interface  192  of the sound card  190 ; and a secondary audio interface  230  which preferably connects to a stereo sound system for producing high quality sound under control of software running on the computer  100  (not shown). 
     The apparatus of FIG. 3 also comprises an antenna  240 , which is operative to send and receive signals between the computer radio interface  110  and one or more toy control devices  130 . 
     FIG. 4 is a more detailed block diagram of the computer radio interface  110  of FIG.  3 . The apparatus of FIG. 4 comprises the DC unit  200 , the MIDI interface  210 , the audio interface  220 , and the secondary audio interface  230 . The apparatus of FIG. 4 also comprises a multiplexer  240 , a micro controller  250 , a radio transceiver  260 , a connection unit  270  connecting the radio transceiver  260  to the micro controller  250 , and a comparator  280 . 
     Reference is now made to FIGS. 5A-5D, which taken together comprise a schematic diagram of the apparatus of FIG.  4 . 
     The following is a preferred parts list for the apparatus of FIGS.  5 A- 5 C: 
     
       
         
               
               
               
             
           
               
                   
                   
               
             
             
               
                   
                 1. K1 
                 Relay Dept, Idec, 1213 Elco Drive, 
               
               
                   
                   
                 Sunnyvale, Calif. 94089-2211, USA. 
               
               
                   
                 2. U1 
                 8751 microcontroller, Intel 
               
               
                   
                   
                 Corporation, San Tomas 4, 2700 Sun 
               
               
                   
                   
                 Tomas Expressway, 2nd Floor, Santa 
               
               
                   
                   
                 Clara 95051, CA USA. 
               
               
                   
                 3. U2 
                 CXO-12 MHZ (crystal oscillator), 
               
               
                   
                   
                 Raltron, 2315 N.W. 107th Avenue, 
               
               
                   
                   
                 Miami, FL 33172, USA. 
               
               
                   
                 4. U4 
                 MC33174, Motorola, Phoenix, AZ 
               
               
                   
                   
                 USA., Tel. No. (602)897-5056. 
               
               
                   
                 5. Diodes 
                 1N914, Motorola, Phoenix, AZ, USA. 
               
               
                   
                   
                 Tel. No. (602)897-5056. 
               
               
                   
                 6. Transistors 
                 2N2222 and MPSA14, Motorola, 
               
               
                   
                   
                 Phoenix, AZ, USA. Tel. No. 
               
               
                   
                   
                 (602)897-5056. 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
     The following is a preferred parts list for the apparatus of FIG.  5 D: 
     
       
         
               
               
               
             
           
               
                   
                   
               
             
             
               
                   
                 1. U1 
                 SILRAX-418-A UHF radio telemetry 
               
               
                   
                   
                 receive module, Ginsburg Electronic 
               
               
                   
                   
                 GmbH, Am Moosfeld 85, D-81829, 
               
               
                   
                   
                 Munchen, Germany. 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
     Alternatively, U1 of FIG. 5D may be replaced by: 
     
       
         
               
               
               
             
           
               
                   
                   
               
             
             
               
                   
                 U1 
                 433.92 MHz Receive Module Part No. 
               
               
                   
                   
                 0927, available from CEL SALES LTD., 
               
               
                   
                   
                 Cel House, Unit 2, Block 6, Shenstone 
               
               
                   
                   
                 Trading Estate Bromsgrove, 
               
               
                   
                   
                 Halesowen, West Midlands B36 3XB, UK. 
               
               
                   
                 2. U2 
                 TXM-418-A low power UHF radio 
               
               
                   
                   
                 telemetry transmit module, Ginsburg 
               
               
                   
                   
                 Electronic GmbH, Am Moosfeld 85, D- 
               
               
                   
                   
                 81829, Munchen, Germany. 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
     Alternatively, U2 of FIG. 5D may be replaced by: 
     
       
         
               
               
               
             
           
               
                   
                   
               
             
             
               
                   
                 U2 
                 433.92 SIL FM Transmitter Module 
               
               
                   
                   
                 Part No, 5229, available from CEL 
               
               
                   
                   
                 SALES LTD., Cel House, Unit 2, Block 
               
               
                   
                   
                 6, Shenstone Trading Estate Bromsgrove, 
               
               
                   
                   
                 Halesowen, West Midlands B36 3XB, UK. 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
     Reference is now additionally made to FIG. 5E, which is a schematic diagram of an alternative implementation of the apparatus of FIG.  5 D. The following is a preferred parts list for the apparatus of FIG.  5 E: 
     
       
         
               
               
               
             
           
               
                   
                   
               
             
             
               
                   
                 1. U1 
                 BIM-418-F low power UHF data 
               
               
                   
                   
                 transceiver module, Ginsburg 
               
               
                   
                   
                 Electronic GmbH, Am Moosfeld 85, D- 
               
               
                   
                   
                 81829, Munchen, Germany. 
               
               
                   
                 Alternate 1. U1 
                 S20043 spread spectrum full duplex 
               
               
                   
                   
                 transceiver, AMI Semiconductors- 
               
               
                   
                   
                 American Microsystems, Inc., Idaho, 
               
               
                   
                   
                 USA. 
               
               
                   
                 Alternate 1. U1 
                 SDT-300 synthesized transceiver, 
               
               
                   
                   
                 Circuit Design, Inc., Japan. 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
     Alternatively, U1 may be replaced by: 
     
       
         
               
               
               
             
           
               
                   
                   
               
             
             
               
                   
                 U1 
                 RY3GB021 RF 900 Mhz units, 
               
               
                   
                   
                 available from SHARP ELECTRONIC 
               
               
                   
                   
                 COMPONENTS GROUP, 5700 Northwest, 
               
               
                   
                   
                 Pacific Rim Boulevard #20, Camas, 
               
               
                   
                   
                 Washington, USA. 
               
               
                   
                 U1 
                 RY3GB100 RF Units For DECT, 
               
               
                   
                   
                 available from SHARP ELECTRONIC 
               
               
                   
                   
                 COMPONENTS GROUP, 5700 Northwest, 
               
               
                   
                   
                 Pacific Rim Boulevard #20, Camas, 
               
               
                   
                   
                 Washington, USA. 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
     In the parts list for FIG. 5E, one of item  1  or either of the alternate items  1  may be used for U1. 
     It is appreciated that the appropriate changes will have to be made to all the circuit boards for alternate embodiments of the apparatus. 
     The apparatus of FIG. 5E has similar functionality to the apparatus of FIG. 5D, but has higher bit rate transmission and reception capacity and is, for example, preferred when MIDI data is transmitted and received. 
     FIGS. 5A-5E are self-explanatory with regard to the above parts lists. 
     Reference is now made to FIG. 6 which is a simplified block diagram of a preferred embodiment of the toy control device  130  of FIG.  1 A. The apparatus of FIG. 6 comprises a radio transceiver  260 , similar to the radio transceiver  260  of FIG.  4 . The apparatus of FIG. 6 also comprises a microcontroller  250  similar to the microcontroller  250  of FIG.  4 . 
     The apparatus of FIG. 6 also comprises a digital input/output interface (digital I/O interface)  290 , which is operative to provide an interface between the microcontroller  250  and a plurality of input and output devices which may be connected thereto such as, for example, four input device and four output devices. A preferred implementation of the digital I/O interface  290  is described in more detail below with reference to FIGS. 7A-7F. 
     The apparatus of FIG. 6 also comprises an analog input/output interface (analog I/O interface)  300  operatively connected to the radio transceiver  260 , and operative to receive signals therefrom and to send signals thereto. 
     The apparatus of FIG. 6 also comprises a multiplexer  305  which is operative, in response to a signal from the microcontroller  250 , to provide output to the analog I/O interface  300  only when analog signals are being transmitted by the radio transceiver  260 , and to pass input from the analog I/O interface  300  only when such input is desired. 
     The apparatus of FIG. 6 also comprises input devices  140  and output devices  150 . In FIG. 6, the input devices  140  comprise, by way of example, a tilt switch operatively connected to the digital I/O interface  290 , and a microphone operatively connected to the analog I/O interface  300 . It is appreciated that a wide variety of input devices  140  may be used. 
     In FIG. 6, the output devices  150  comprise, by way of example, a DC motor operatively connected to the digital I/O interface  290 , and a speaker operatively connected to the analog I/O interface  300 . It is appreciated that a wide variety of output devices  150  may be used. 
     The apparatus of FIG. 6 also comprises a DC control  310 , a preferred implementation of which is described in more detail below with reference to FIGS. 7A-7F. 
     The apparatus of FIG. 6 also comprises a comparator  280 , similar to the comparator  280  of FIG.  4 . 
     The apparatus of FIG. 6 also comprises a power source  125 , shown in FIG. 6 by way of example as batteries, operative to provide electrical power to the apparatus of FIG. 6 via the DC control  310 . 
     Reference is now made to FIGS. 7A-7F which, taken together with either FIG. 5D or  5 E, comprise a schematic diagram of the toy control device of FIG.  6 . If the schematics of FIG. 5E is employed to implement the computer radio interface of FIG. 4, using RY3GB021 as U1 of FIG. 5E, then the same schematics of FIG. 5E are preferably employed to implement the toy control device of FIG. 6 except that RY3GH021 is used to implement U1 rather than RY3GB021. 
     The following is a preferred parts list for the apparatus of FIGS.  7 A- 7 F: 
     
       
         
               
               
               
             
           
               
                   
                   
               
             
             
               
                   
                 1. U1 
                 8751 microcontroller, Intel 
               
               
                   
                   
                 Corporation, San Tomas 4, 2700 Sun 
               
               
                   
                   
                 Tomas Expressway, 2nd Floor, Santa 
               
               
                   
                   
                 Clara 95051, CA USA. 
               
               
                   
                 2. U2 
                 LM78L05, National Semiconductor, 
               
               
                   
                   
                 2900 Semiconductor Drive, Santa 
               
               
                   
                   
                 Clara, CA 95052, USA. 
               
               
                   
                 3. U3 
                 CXO-12 MHz (crystal oscillator), 
               
               
                   
                   
                 Raltron, 2315 N.W. 107th Avenue, 
               
               
                   
                   
                 Miami, FL 33172, USA. 
               
               
                   
                 4. U4 
                 MC33174, Motorola, Phoenix, AZ 
               
               
                   
                   
                 USA. Tel. No. (602)897-5056. 
               
               
                   
                 5. U5 
                 MC34119, Motorola, Phoenix, AZ 
               
               
                   
                   
                 USA. Tel. No. (602)897-5056. 
               
               
                   
                 6. U6 
                 4066, Motorola, Phoenix, AZ, USA. 
               
               
                   
                   
                 Tel. No. (602)897-5056. 
               
               
                   
                 7. Diode 
                 1N914, 1N4005, Motorola, Phoenix, 
               
               
                   
                   
                 AZ USA. Tel. No. (602)897-5056. 
               
               
                   
                 8. Transistor 
                 2N2222, 2N3906, Motorola, Phoenix, 
               
               
                   
                   
                 AZ USA. Tel. No. (602)897-5056. 
               
               
                   
                 9. Transistors 
                 2N2907 and MPSA14, Motorola, 
               
               
                   
                   
                 Phoenix, AZ USA. Tel. No. 
               
               
                   
                   
                 (602)897-5056. 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
     FIGS. 7A-7F are self-explanatory with reference to the above parts list. 
     As stated above with reference to FIG. 1A, the signals transmitted between the computer radio interface  110  and the toy control device  130  may be either analog signals or digital signals. It the case of digital signals, the digital signals preferably comprise a plurality of predefined messages, known to both the computer  100  and to the toy control device  130 . 
     Each message sent by the computer radio interface  110  to the toy control device  130  comprises an indication of the intended recipient of the message. Each message sent by the toy control device  130  to the computer radio interface  110  comprises an indication of the sender of the message. 
     In the embodiment of FIG. 1C described above, messages also comprise the following: 
     each message sent by the computer radio interface  110  to the toy control device  130  comprises an indication of the sender of the message; and 
     each message sent by the toy control device  130  to the computer radio interface  110  comprises an indication of the intended recipient of the message. 
     A preferred set of predefined messages is as follows: 
     Command Structure 
     
       
         
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                   
               
               
                 byte 0 
                 byte 1 
                 byte 2 
                 byte 3 
                 byte 4 
                 byte 5 
                 byte 6 
                 byte 7 
                 byte 8 
                 byte 9 
               
               
                   
               
             
             
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 Head 
                 PC 
                 Unit # 
                 Unit # 
                 Unit # 
                 CMD 
                 CMD 
                 -8 bits- 
                 -8 bits- 
                 -8 bits- 
                 CRC 
               
               
                   
                 add 
                 A-sb 
                 B-sb 
                 C-sb 
                 msb 
                 lsb 
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Dat1 
                 Dat1 
                 Dat2 
                 Dat2 
                 Dat3 
                 Dat3 
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 msb 
                 lsb 
                 msb 
                 lsb 
                 msb 
                 lsb 
               
               
                 8 bit 
                 2 bit 
                 6 bit 
                 8 bit 
                 8 bit 
                 8 bit 
                 8 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 8 bits 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
     Commands List 
     From the Computer to the Toy control device. 
     A. Output Commands 
     
       
         
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
             
               
               
               
               
             
               
             
               
               
               
             
           
               
                   
               
               
                 SET_IO_TO_DATA 
               
             
          
           
               
                 byte 0 
                 byte 1 
                 byte 2 
                 byte 3 
                 byte 4 
                 byte 5 
                 byte 6 
                 byte 7 
                 byte 8 
                 byte 9 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 Head 
                 PC 
                 Unit # 
                 Unit # 
                 Unit # 
                 CMD 
                 CMD 
                 -8 bits- 
                 -8 bits- 
                 -8 bits- 
                 CRC 
               
               
                   
                 add 
                 A-sb 
                 B-sb 
                 C-sb 
                 msb 
                 lsb 
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Dat1 
                 Dat1 
                 Dat2 
                 Dat2 
                 Dat3 
                 Dat3 
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 msb 
                 lsb 
                 msb 
                 lsb 
                 msb 
                 lsb 
               
               
                 8 bit 
                 2 bit 
                 6 bit 
                 8 bit 
                 8 bit 
                 8 bit 
                 8 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 8 bits 
               
               
                 01 
                 P 
                 00 
                 00 
                 A 
                 
                   00 
                 
                 
                   01 
                 
                 IO 
                 00 
                 D 
                 x 
                 x 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 Set Toy control device output pin to a digital level D. 
               
             
          
           
               
                 P: 
                 Computer address 
                 00-03 
                 H 
               
               
                 A: 
                 unit address - 
                 00-FF 
                 H 
               
               
                 IO: 
                 i/o number - 
                 00-03 
                 H 
               
               
                 D: 
                 Data- 
                 00-01 
                 H 
               
             
          
           
               
                 Example 
               
             
          
           
               
                 1. 
                 01 0 0   00 05  00 01 03 01 00 00 
                 set io 3 to “1” 
               
               
                 2. 
                 01 0 0   00 05  00 01 03 00 00 00 
                 set io 3 to “0” 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
     
       
         
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
             
               
               
               
               
             
               
             
               
               
               
             
           
               
                   
               
               
                 CHANGE_IO_FOR_TIME 
               
             
          
           
               
                 byte 0 
                 byte 1 
                 byte 2 
                 byte 3 
                 byte 4 
                 byte 5 
                 byte 6 
                 byte 7 
                 byte 8 
                 byte 9 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 Head 
                 PC 
                 Unit # 
                 Unit # 
                 Unit # 
                 CMD 
                 CMD 
                 -8 bits- 
                 -8 bits- 
                 -8 bits- 
                 CRC 
               
               
                   
                 add 
                 A-sb 
                 B-sb 
                 C-sb 
                 msb 
                 lsb 
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Dat1 
                 Dat1 
                 Dat2 
                 Dat2 
                 Dat3 
                 Dat3 
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 msb 
                 lsb 
                 msb 
                 lsb 
                 msb 
                 lsb 
               
               
                 8 bit 
                 2 bit 
                 6 bit 
                 8 bit 
                 8 bit 
                 8 bit 
                 8 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 8 bits 
               
               
                 01 
                 P 
                 00 
                 00 
                 A 
                 
                   00 
                 
                 
                   02 
                 
                 00 
                 IO 
                 00 
                 D 
                 T1 
                 T2 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 Change Toy control device output pin to D for a period of time and then return to previous state. 
               
             
          
           
               
                 P: 
                 Computer address 
                 00-03 
                 H 
               
               
                 A: 
                 unit address - 
                 00-FF 
                 H 
               
               
                 IO: 
                 i/o number - 
                 00-03 
                 H 
               
               
                 T1, T2: 
                 time - 
                 00-FF 
                 H 
               
               
                 D: 
                 Data- 
                 00-01 
                 H 
               
             
          
           
               
                 example: 
               
             
          
           
               
                 1. 
                 01 0 0   00 05  00 02 03 05 00 00 
                 set io 3 to “1” for 5 seconds 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
     B. Input Commands 
     
       
         
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
             
               
               
               
               
             
               
             
               
               
               
             
           
               
                   
               
               
                 SEND_STATUS_OF_SENSORS 
               
             
          
           
               
                 byte 0 
                 byte 1 
                 byte 2 
                 byte 3 
                 byte 4 
                 byte 5 
                 byte 6 
                 byte 7 
                 byte 8 
                 byte 9 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 Head 
                 PC 
                 Unit # 
                 Unit # 
                 Unit # 
                 CMD 
                 CMD 
                 -8 bits- 
                 -8 bits- 
                 -8 bits- 
                 CRC 
               
               
                   
                 add 
                 A-sb 
                 B-sb 
                 C-sb 
                 msb 
                 lsb 
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Dat1 
                 Dat1 
                 Dat2 
                 Dat2 
                 Dat3 
                 Dat3 
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 msb 
                 lsb 
                 msb 
                 lsb 
                 msb 
                 lsb 
               
               
                 8 bit 
                 2 bit 
                 6 bit 
                 8 bit 
                 8 bit 
                 8 bit 
                 8 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 8 bits 
               
               
                 01 
                 P 
                 00 
                 00 
                 A 
                 
                   01 
                 
                 
                   00 
                 
                 x 
                 x 
                 x 
                 x 
                 x 
                 x 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 send the Toy control device status of all sensors. 
               
             
          
           
               
                 P: 
                 Computer address 
                 00-03 
                 H 
               
               
                 A: 
                 unit address - 
                 00-FF 
                 H 
               
             
          
           
               
                 example: 
               
             
          
           
               
                 1. 
                 01 0 0   00 05  00 00 00 00 00 
                 send current status of sensors 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
     
       
         
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
             
               
               
               
               
             
               
             
               
               
               
             
           
               
                   
               
               
                 SENSORS_SCAN_MODE_ON 
               
             
          
           
               
                 byte 0 
                 byte 1 
                 byte 2 
                 byte 3 
                 byte 4 
                 byte 5 
                 byte 6 
                 byte 7 
                 byte 8 
                 byte 9 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 Head 
                 PC 
                 Unit # 
                 Unit # 
                 Unit # 
                 CMD 
                 CMD 
                 -8 bits- 
                 -8 bits- 
                 -8 bits- 
                 CRC 
               
               
                   
                 add 
                 A-sb 
                 B-sb 
                 C-sb 
                 msb 
                 lsb 
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Dat1 
                 Dat1 
                 Dat2 
                 Dat2 
                 Dat3 
                 Dat3 
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 msb 
                 lsb 
                 msb 
                 lsb 
                 msb 
                 lsb 
               
               
                 8 bit 
                 2 bit 
                 6 bit 
                 8 bit 
                 8 bit 
                 8 bit 
                 8 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 8 bits 
               
               
                 01 
                 P 
                 00 
                 00 
                 A 
                 
                   01 
                 
                 
                   01 
                 
                 x 
                 x 
                 x 
                 x 
                 x 
                 x 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 Start scanning the Toy control device sensors, and if one of them is closed (pressed to ‘0’), send back an ack. 
               
             
          
           
               
                 P: 
                 Computer address 
                 00-03 
                 H 
               
               
                 A: 
                 unit address - 
                 00-FF 
                 H 
               
             
          
           
               
                 example: 
               
             
          
           
               
                 1. 
                 01 0 0   00 05  01 01 00 00 00 00 
                 scan mode of sensors ON 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
     
       
         
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
             
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
             
           
               
                   
               
               
                 SENSORS_SCAN_MODE_ON_ONCE 
               
             
          
           
               
                 byte 0 
                 byte 1 
                 byte 2 
                 byte 3 
                 byte 4 
                 byte 5 
                 byte 6 
                 byte 7 
                 byte 8 
                 byte 9 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 Head 
                 PC 
                 Unit # 
                 Unit # 
                 Unit # 
                 CMD 
                 CMD 
                 -8 bits- 
                 -8 bits- 
                 -8 bits- 
                 CRC 
               
               
                   
                 add 
                 A-sb 
                 B-sb 
                 C-sb 
                 msb 
                 lsb 
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Dat1 
                 Dat1 
                 Dat2 
                 Dat2 
                 Dat3 
                 Dat3 
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 msb 
                 lsb 
                 msb 
                 lsb 
                 msb 
                 lsb 
               
               
                 8 bit 
                 2 bit 
                 6 bit 
                 8 bit 
                 8 bit 
                 8 bit 
                 8 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 8 bits 
               
               
                 01 
                 P 
                 00 
                 00 
                 A 
                 
                   01 
                 
                 
                   02 
                 
                 x 
                 x 
                 x 
                 x 
                 x 
                 x 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 Start scanning the Toy control device sensors, and if one of them is closed (press to ‘0’), send back an ack, 
               
               
                 then disable scanning the sensors. 
               
             
          
           
               
                 P: 
                 Computer address 
                 00-03 
                 H 
               
               
                 A: 
                 unit address - 
                 00-FF 
                 H 
               
             
          
           
               
                 1. 
                 01 0 0   00 05  01 02 00 00 00 00 
                 scan mode of sensors ON once 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
     
       
         
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
             
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
             
           
               
                   
               
               
                 SENSORS_SCAN_MODE_OFF 
               
             
          
           
               
                 byte 0 
                 byte 1 
                 byte 2 
                 byte 3 
                 byte 4 
                 byte 5 
                 byte 6 
                 byte 7 
                 byte 8 
                 byte 9 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 Head 
                 PC 
                 Unit # 
                 Unit # 
                 Unit # 
                 CMD 
                 CMD 
                 -8 bits- 
                 -8 bits- 
                 -8 bits- 
                 CRC 
               
               
                   
                 add 
                 A-sb 
                 B-sb 
                 C-sb 
                 msb 
                 lsb 
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Dat1 
                 Dat1 
                 Dat2 
                 Dat2 
                 Dat3 
                 Dat3 
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 msb 
                 lsb 
                 msb 
                 lsb 
                 msb 
                 lsb 
               
               
                 8 bit 
                 2 bit 
                 6 bit 
                 8 bit 
                 8 bit 
                 8 bit 
                 8 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 8 bits 
               
               
                 01 
                 P 
                 00 
                 00 
                 A 
                 
                   01 
                 
                 
                   03 
                 
                 x 
                 x 
                 x 
                 x 
                 x 
                 x 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 Stop scanning the Toy control device sensors. 
               
             
          
           
               
                 P: 
                 Computer address 
                 00-03 
                 H 
               
               
                 A: 
                 unit address - 
                 00-FF 
                 H 
               
             
          
           
               
                 1. 
                 01 0 0   00 05  01 03 00 00 00 00 
                 scan mode of sensors OFF 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
     C. Audio Out Commands 
     
       
         
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
             
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
             
           
               
                   
               
               
                 START_AUDIO_PLAY 
               
             
          
           
               
                 byte 0 
                 byte 1 
                 byte 2 
                 byte 3 
                 byte 4 
                 byte 5 
                 byte 6 
                 byte 7 
                 byte 8 
                 byte 9 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 Head 
                 PC 
                 Unit # 
                 Unit # 
                 Unit # 
                 CMD 
                 CMD 
                 -8 bits- 
                 -8 bits- 
                 -8 bits- 
                 CRC 
               
               
                   
                 add 
                 A-sb 
                 B-sb 
                 C-sb 
                 msb 
                 lsb 
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Dat1 
                 Dat1 
                 Dat2 
                 Dat2 
                 Dat3 
                 Dat3 
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 msb 
                 lsb 
                 msb 
                 lsb 
                 msb 
                 lsb 
               
               
                 8 bit 
                 2 bit 
                 6 bit 
                 8 bit 
                 8 bit 
                 8 bit 
                 8 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 8 bits 
               
               
                 01 
                 P 
                 00 
                 00 
                 A 
                 
                   02 
                 
                 
                   00 
                 
                 x 
                 x 
                 x 
                 x 
                 xx 
                 xx 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 Start playing an audio in a speaker of the Toy control device The Audio is sent to the Toy control device by the 
               
               
                 computer sound card and the Computer ratio interface. 
               
             
          
           
               
                 P: 
                 Computer address 
                 00-03 
                 H 
               
               
                 A: 
                 unit address - 
                 00-FF 
                 H 
               
             
          
           
               
                 1. 
                 01 0 0   00 05  02 00 00 00 00 00 
                 Start audio-play 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
     
       
         
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
             
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
             
           
               
                   
               
               
                 STOP_AUDIO_PLAY 
               
             
          
           
               
                 byte 0 
                 byte 1 
                 byte 2 
                 byte 3 
                 byte 4 
                 byte 5 
                 byte 6 
                 byte 7 
                 byte 8 
                 byte 9 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 Head 
                 PC 
                 Unit # 
                 Unit # 
                 Unit # 
                 CMD 
                 CMD 
                 -8 bits- 
                 -8 bits- 
                 -8 bits- 
                 CRC 
               
               
                   
                 add 
                 A-sb 
                 B-sb 
                 C-sb 
                 msb 
                 lsb 
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Dat1 
                 Dat1 
                 Dat2 
                 Dat2 
                 Dat3 
                 Dat3 
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 msb 
                 lsb 
                 msb 
                 lsb 
                 msb 
                 lsb 
               
               
                 8 bit 
                 2 bit 
                 6 bit 
                 8 bit 
                 8 bit 
                 8 bit 
                 8 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 8 bits 
               
               
                 01 
                 P 
                 00 
                 00 
                 A 
                 
                   02 
                 
                 
                   01 
                 
                 x 
                 x 
                 x 
                 x 
                 x 
                 x 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 Stop playing an audio in a speaker of the Toy control device. 
               
             
          
           
               
                 P: 
                 Computer address 
                 00-03 
                 H 
               
               
                 A: 
                 unit address - 
                 00-FF 
                 H 
               
             
          
           
               
                 1. 
                 01 0 0   00 05  02 01 00 00 00 00 
                 Stop audio-play 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
     
       
         
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
             
           
               
                   
               
               
                 START_AUDIO_AND_TO_PLAY_FOR_TIME 
               
             
          
           
               
                 byte 0 
                 byte 1 
                 byte 2 
                 byte 3 
                 byte 4 
                 byte 5 
                 byte 6 
                 byte 7 
                 byte 8 
                 byte 9 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 Head 
                 PC 
                 Unit # 
                 Unit # 
                 Unit # 
                 CMD 
                 CMD 
                 -8 bits- 
                 -8 bits- 
                 -8 bits- 
                 CRC 
               
               
                   
                 add 
                 A-sb 
                 B-sb 
                 C-sb 
                 msb 
                 lsb 
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Dat1 
                 Dat1 
                 Dat2 
                 Dat2 
                 Dat3 
                 Dat3 
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 msb 
                 lsb 
                 msb 
                 lsb 
                 msb 
                 lsb 
               
               
                 8 bit 
                 2 bit 
                 6 bit 
                 8 bit 
                 8 bit 
                 8 bit 
                 8 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 8 bits 
               
               
                 01 
                 P 
                 00 
                 00 
                 A 
                 
                   02 
                 
                 
                   04 
                 
                 T1 
                 T2 
                 T0 
                 td 
                 SC 
                 IO 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 Start playing an audio in a speaker of the Toy control device and set an io pin to ‘I’. After time T, stop audio and set 
               
               
                 IO to ‘0’. start this command after a delay td* 100 ms if SC - “1” then after the execution of this command, start the 
               
               
                 input command SCAN_SENSORS _ON_ONCE (if any sensor is pressed, even during the audio play, send a 
               
               
                 message to the computer). 
               
             
          
           
               
                 P: 
                 Computer address 
                 00-03 
                 H 
                   
               
               
                 A: 
                 unit address - 
                 00-FF 
                 H 
               
               
                 IO: 
                 i/o number - 
                 0-3 
                 H 
                 (if IO &gt; 3 then don&#39;t set IO) 
               
               
                 T0, T1, T2 
                 TIME 
                 000-FFF 
                 H 
                 (*100 ms) (T0 = MMSB, T1 = MSB T0 = LSB) 
               
             
          
           
               
                 td: 
                 delay time befor execute 
                 0-F 
                 (*100 ms) 
               
             
          
           
               
                 1. 
                 01 0 0   00 05  02 04 80 2A 03 00 
                 Start audio-play and IO #3 for 6.4 second 
               
               
                   
                   
                 640 = 28011 
               
               
                   
                   
                 delay before execution - 10* 100 ms = 1 sec 
               
               
                 2. 
                 01 0 0   00 05  02 04 80 2A 13 00 
                 Start audio-play and IO #3 for 6.4 second and 
               
               
                   
                   
                 set scan sensors on once mode. 
               
               
                   
                   
                 delay before execution = 10* 100 ms = 1 sec 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
     D. Audio In Commands 
     
       
         
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
             
               
               
               
             
           
               
                   
               
               
                 TRANSMIT_MIC_FOR_TIME 
               
             
          
           
               
                 byte 0 
                 byte 1 
                 byte 2 
                 byte 3 
                 byte 4 
                 byte 5 
                 byte 6 
                 byte 7 
                 byte 8 
                 byte 9 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 Head 
                 PC 
                 Unit # 
                 Unit # 
                 Unit # 
                 CMD 
                 CMD 
                 -8 bits- 
                 -8 bits- 
                 -8 bits- 
                 CRC 
               
               
                   
                 add 
                 A-sb 
                 B-sb 
                 C-sb 
                 msb 
                 lsb 
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Dat1 
                 Dat1 
                 Dat2 
                 Dat2 
                 Dat3 
                 Dat3 
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 msb 
                 lsb 
                 msb 
                 lsb 
                 msb 
                 lsb 
               
               
                 8 bit 
                 2 bit 
                 6 bit 
                 8 bit 
                 8 bit 
                 8 bit 
                 8 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 8 bits 
               
               
                 01 
                 P 
                 00 
                 00 
                 A 
                 
                   03 
                 
                 
                   00 
                 
                 T1 
                 T2 
                 x 
                 x 
                 x 
                 x 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 Requests the Toy control device to Transmit microphone audio from the Toy control device to the Computer ratio 
               
               
                 interface and to the sound card of the computer for time T. 
               
             
          
           
               
                 P: 
                 Computer address 
                 00-03 
                 H 
                   
               
               
                 A: 
                 unit address - 
                 00-FF 
                 H 
               
               
                 T1, T2: 
                 TIME 
                 00-FF 
                 H 
                 (SEC) 
               
             
          
           
               
                 example: 
               
             
          
           
               
                 1. 
                 01 0 0   00 05  03 00 0A 00 00 00 
                 start mic mode for 10 seconds 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
     E. General Toy Commands 
     
       
         
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
             
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
             
           
               
                   
               
               
                 GOTO_SLEEP_MODE 
               
             
          
           
               
                 byte 0 
                 byte 1 
                 byte 2 
                 byte 3 
                 byte 4 
                 byte 5 
                 byte 6 
                 byte 7 
                 byte 8 
                 byte 9 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 Head 
                 PC 
                 Unit # 
                 Unit # 
                 Unit # 
                 CMD 
                 CMD 
                 -8 bits- 
                 -8 bits- 
                 -8 bits- 
                 CRC 
               
               
                   
                 add 
                 A-sb 
                 B-sb 
                 C-sb 
                 msb 
                 lsb 
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Dat1 
                 Dat1 
                 Dat2 
                 Dat2 
                 Dat3 
                 Dat3 
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 msb 
                 lsb 
                 msb 
                 lsb 
                 msb 
                 lsb 
               
               
                 8 bit 
                 2 bit 
                 6 bit 
                 8 bit 
                 8 bit 
                 8 bit 
                 8 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 8 bits 
               
               
                 01 
                 P 
                 00 
                 00 
                 A 
                 
                   04 
                 
                 
                   01 
                 
                 x 
                 x 
                 x 
                 x 
                 x 
                 x 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 Requests the Toy control device to go into power save mode (sleep). 
               
             
          
           
               
                 P: 
                 Computer address 
                 00-03 
                 H 
               
               
                 A: 
                 unit address - 
                 00-FF 
                 H 
               
             
          
           
               
                 1. 
                 01 0 0   00 05  04 01 00 00 00 00 
                 switch the Toy control device into sleep mode. 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
     
       
         
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
             
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
             
           
               
                   
               
               
                 GOTO_AWAKE_MODE 
               
             
          
           
               
                 byte 0 
                 byte 1 
                 byte 2 
                 byte 3 
                 byte 4 
                 byte 5 
                 byte 6 
                 byte 7 
                 byte 8 
                 byte 9 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 Head 
                 PC 
                 Unit # 
                 Unit # 
                 Unit # 
                 CMD 
                 CMD 
                 -8 bits- 
                 -8 bits- 
                 -8 bits- 
                 CRC 
               
               
                   
                 add 
                 A-sb 
                 B-sb 
                 C-sb 
                 msb 
                 lsb 
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Dat1 
                 Dat1 
                 Dat2 
                 Dat2 
                 Dat3 
                 Dat3 
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 msb 
                 lsb 
                 msb 
                 lsb 
                 msb 
                 lsb 
               
               
                 8 bit 
                 2 bit 
                 6 bit 
                 8 bit 
                 8 bit 
                 8 bit 
                 8 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 8 bits 
               
               
                 01 
                 P 
                 00 
                 00 
                 A 
                 
                   04 
                 
                 
                   02 
                 
                 x 
                 x 
                 x 
                 x 
                 x 
                 x 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 Requests the Toy control device to go into an awake mode. 
               
             
          
           
               
                 P: 
                 Computer address 
                 00-03 
                 H 
               
               
                 A: 
                 unit address - 
                 00-F 
                 H 
               
             
          
           
               
                 1. 
                 01 0 0   00 05  04 02 00 00 00 00 
                 switch the Toy control device into awake mode. 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
     
       
         
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
             
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
             
           
               
                   
               
               
                 TOY_RESET 
               
             
          
           
               
                 byte 0 
                 byte 1 
                 byte 2 
                 byte 3 
                 byte 4 
                 byte 5 
                 byte 6 
                 byte 7 
                 byte 8 
                 byte 9 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 Head 
                 PC 
                 Unit # 
                 Unit # 
                 Unit # 
                 CMD 
                 CMD 
                 -8 bits- 
                 -8 bits- 
                 -8 bits- 
                 CRC 
               
               
                   
                 add 
                 A-sb 
                 B-sb 
                 C-sb 
                 msb 
                 lsb 
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Dat1 
                 Dat1 
                 Dat2 
                 Dat2 
                 Dat3 
                 Dat3 
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 msb 
                 lsb 
                 msb 
                 lsb 
                 msb 
                 lsb 
               
               
                 8 bit 
                 2 bit 
                 6 bit 
                 8 bit 
                 8 bit 
                 8 bit 
                 8 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 8 bits 
               
               
                 01 
                 P 
                 00 
                 00 
                 A 
                 
                   04 
                 
                 
                   0F 
                 
                 x 
                 x 
                 x 
                 x 
                 x 
                 x 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 Requests the Toy control device to perform RESET 
               
             
          
           
               
                 P: 
                 Computer address 
                 00-03 
                 H 
               
               
                 A: 
                 unit address - 
                 00-FF 
                 H 
               
             
          
           
               
                 1. 
                 01 0 0   00 05  04 0F 00 00 00 00 
                 Toy reset 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
     
       
         
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
             
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
             
           
               
                   
               
               
                 TOY_USE_NEW_RF_CHANNELS 
               
             
          
           
               
                 byte 0 
                 byte 1 
                 byte 2 
                 byte 3 
                 byte 4 
                 byte 5 
                 byte 6 
                 byte 7 
                 byte 8 
                 byte 9 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 Head 
                 PC 
                 Unit # 
                 Unit # 
                 Unit # 
                 CMD 
                 CMD 
                 -8 bits- 
                 -8 bits- 
                 -8 bits- 
                 CRC 
               
               
                   
                 add 
                 A-sb 
                 B-sb 
                 C-sb 
                 msb 
                 lsb 
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Dat1 
                 Dat1 
                 Dat2 
                 Dat2 
                 Dat3 
                 Dat3 
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 msb 
                 lsb 
                 msb 
                 lsb 
                 msb 
                 lsb 
               
               
                 8 bit 
                 2 bit 
                 6 bit 
                 8 bit 
                 8 bit 
                 8 bit 
                 8 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 8 bits 
               
               
                 01 
                 P 
                 00 
                 00 
                 A 
                 
                   04 
                 
                 
                   0A 
                 
                 CH1 
                 CH2 
                 x 
                 x 
                 x 
                 x 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 Requests the Toy control device to switch to new RF transmit and receive channels. 
               
             
          
           
               
                 P: 
                 Computer address 
                 00-03 
                 H 
               
               
                 A: 
                 unit address - 
                 00-FF 
                 H 
               
               
                 CH1: 
                 Transmit RF channel number 
                 0-F 
                 H 
               
               
                 CH2: 
                 Receive RF Channel number 
                 0-F 
                 H 
               
             
          
           
               
                 1. 
                 01 0 0   00 05  04 0A 12 00 00 00 
                 Switch to new RX and TX RF channels 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Note: This command is available only with enhanced radio modules (alternate U1 of FIG. 5E) or with the modules described if FIG 15A-15E and 23A-24E.  
               
             
          
         
       
     
     E. Telemetry 
     Information sent by the Toy control device, as an ACK to the command recieved from the Computer radio interface. 
     
       
         
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
             
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
             
           
               
                   
               
               
                 OK_ACK 
               
             
          
           
               
                 byte 0 
                 byte 1 
                 byte 2 
                 byte 3 
                 byte 4 
                 byte 5 
                 byte 6 
                 byte 7 
                 byte 8 
                 byte 9 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 Head 
                 PC 
                 Unit # 
                 Unit # 
                 Unit # 
                 CMD 
                 CMD 
                 -8 bits- 
                 -8 bits- 
                 -8 bits- 
                 CRC 
               
               
                   
                 add 
                 A-sb 
                 B-sb 
                 C-sb 
                 msb 
                 lsb 
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Dat1 
                 Dat1 
                 Dat2 
                 Dat2 
                 Dat3 
                 Dat3 
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 msb 
                 lsb 
                 msb 
                 lsb 
                 msb 
                 lsb 
               
               
                 8 bit 
                 2 bit 
                 6 bit 
                 8 bit 
                 8 bit 
                 8 bit 
                 8 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 8 bits 
               
               
                 01 
                 P 
                 00 
                 00 
                 A 
                 
                   0A 
                 
                 
                   00 
                 
                 cmd1 
                 cmd2 
                 cmd3 
                 cmd4 
                 sen1 
                 sen2 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 Send back an ACK about the command that was received ok. 
               
             
          
           
               
                 P: 
                 Computer address 
                 00-03 
                 H 
               
               
                 A: 
                 unit address - 
                 00-FF 
                 H 
               
             
          
           
               
                 cmd 1, 2: 
                 Received command MSB ok ack. 
                 00-FF 
                 H 
               
               
                 cmd 3, 4: 
                 Received command LSB ok ack. 
                 00-FF 
                 H 
               
             
          
           
               
                 sen 1, 2 
                 Sensors 0-7 status 
                 00-FF 
                 H 
               
             
          
           
               
                 1. 
                 01 6 0   00 05  0A 00 01 01 FF 00 
                 OK ack for 0101 command. (sensors scan mode 
               
               
                   
                   
                 on command). status: all sensors are not 
               
               
                   
                   
                 pressed (FF). 
               
               
                 2. 
                 01 6 0   00 05  0A 00 01 01 FE 00 
                 OK ack for 0101 command. (sensors scan mode 
               
               
                   
                   
                 on command). status: sensor #8 is pressed 
               
               
                   
                   
                 (FE) 
               
               
                   
                   
                 the computer_radio_interface number is 6. 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
     E. Requests 
     Request sent by the Toy control device, after an event 
     
       
         
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
             
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
             
           
               
                   
               
               
                 TOY_IS_AWAKE_REQ 
               
             
          
           
               
                 byte 0 
                 byte 1 
                 byte 2 
                 byte 3 
                 byte 4 
                 byte 5 
                 byte 6 
                 byte 7 
                 byte 8 
                 byte 9 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 Head 
                 PC 
                 Unit # 
                 Unit # 
                 Unit # 
                 CMD 
                 CMD 
                 -8 bits- 
                 -8 bits- 
                 -8 bits- 
                 CRC 
               
               
                   
                 add 
                 A-sb 
                 B-sb 
                 C-sb 
                 msb 
                 lsb 
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Dat1 
                 Dat1 
                 Dat2 
                 Dat2 
                 Dat3 
                 Dat3 
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 msb 
                 lsb 
                 msb 
                 lsb 
                 msb 
                 lsb 
               
               
                 8 bit 
                 2 bit 
                 6 bit 
                 8 bit 
                 8 bit 
                 8 bit 
                 8 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 8 bits 
               
               
                 01 
                 P 
                 00 
                 00 
                 A 
                 
                   0A 
                 
                 
                   00 
                 
                 c1 
                 c2 
                 x 
                 x 
                 x 
                 x 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 Send a message to the Computer radio interface if the Toy control device goes from sleep mode to awake mode. 
               
             
          
           
               
                 P: 
                 Computer address 
                 00-03 
                 H 
               
               
                 A: 
                 unit address - 
                 00-FF 
                 H 
               
             
          
           
               
                 c1, c2: 
                 status command 
                 AB 
                 H 
               
             
          
           
               
                 1. 
                 01 6 0   00 05  0A 00 AB 00 FF 00 
                 Toy is awake message. 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
     E. CRI (Computer Ratio Interface)-commands 
     Commands that are sent to the Computer radio interface. 
     
       
         
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
             
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                   
               
               
                 SWITCH_AUDIO_OUT_TO_RADIO_&amp;_TRANSMIT 
               
             
          
           
               
                 byte 0 
                 byte 1 
                 byte 2 
                 byte 3 
                 byte 4 
                 byte 5 
                 byte 6 
                 byte 7 
                 byte 8 
                 byte 9 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 Head 
                 PC 
                 Unit # 
                 Unit # 
                 Unit # 
                 CMD 
                 CMD 
                 -8 bits- 
                 -8 bits- 
                 -8 bits- 
                 CRC 
               
               
                   
                 add 
                 A-sb 
                 B-sb 
                 C-sb 
                 msb 
                 lsb 
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Dat1 
                 Dat1 
                 Dat2 
                 Dat2 
                 Dat3 
                 Dat3 
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 msb 
                 lsb 
                 msb 
                 lsb 
                 msb 
                 lsb 
               
               
                 8 bit 
                 2 bit 
                 6 bit 
                 8 bit 
                 8 bit 
                 8 bit 
                 8 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 8 bits 
               
               
                 01 
                 P 
                 00 
                 00 
                 x 
                 
                   0C 
                 
                 
                   00 
                 
                 x 
                 x 
                 x 
                 x 
                 x 
                 x 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 Requests the Computer radio interface to switch audio_out from the computer sound card to the radio wireless 
               
               
                 transceiver and transmit. 
               
             
          
           
               
                 P: 
                 Computer address 
                 00-03 
                 H 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
     
       
         
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
             
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                   
               
               
                 SWITCH_AUDIO_OUT_TO_JACK_&amp;_STOP_TRANSMIT 
               
             
          
           
               
                 byte 0 
                 byte 1 
                 byte 2 
                 byte 3 
                 byte 4 
                 byte 5 
                 byte 6 
                 byte 7 
                 byte 8 
                 byte 9 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 Head 
                 PC 
                 Unit # 
                 Unit # 
                 Unit # 
                 CMD 
                 CMD 
                 -8 bits- 
                 -8 bits- 
                 -8 bits- 
                 CRC 
               
               
                   
                 add 
                 A-sb 
                 B-sb 
                 C-sb 
                 msb 
                 lsb 
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Dat1 
                 Dat1 
                 Dat2 
                 Dat2 
                 Dat3 
                 Dat3 
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 msb 
                 lsb 
                 msb 
                 lsb 
                 msb 
                 lsb 
               
               
                 8 bit 
                 2 bit 
                 6 bit 
                 8 bit 
                 8 bit 
                 8 bit 
                 8 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 8 bits 
               
               
                 01 
                 P 
                 00 
                 00 
                 x 
                 
                   0C 
                 
                 
                   01 
                 
                 x 
                 x 
                 x 
                 x 
                 x 
                 x 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 Requests the Computer radio interface to switch audio_out from the radio RF wireless transceiver to the speakers jack 
               
               
                 and to stop transmit. 
               
             
          
           
               
                 P: 
                 Computer address 
                 00-03 
                 H 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
     
       
         
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
             
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                   
               
               
                 MUTE_RADIO 
               
             
          
           
               
                 byte 0 
                 byte 1 
                 byte 2 
                 byte 3 
                 byte 4 
                 byte 5 
                 byte 6 
                 byte 7 
                 byte 8 
                 byte 9 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 Head 
                 PC 
                 Unit # 
                 Unit # 
                 Unit # 
                 CMD 
                 CMD 
                 -8 bits- 
                 -8 bits- 
                 -8 bits- 
                 CRC 
               
               
                   
                 add 
                 A-sb 
                 B-sb 
                 C-sb 
                 msb 
                 lsb 
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Dat1 
                 Dat1 
                 Dat2 
                 Dat2 
                 Dat3 
                 Dat3 
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 msb 
                 lsb 
                 msb 
                 lsb 
                 msb 
                 lsb 
               
               
                 8 bit 
                 2 bit 
                 6 bit 
                 8 bit 
                 8 bit 
                 8 bit 
                 8 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 8 bits 
               
               
                 01 
                 P 
                 00 
                 00 
                 x 
                 
                   0C 
                 
                 
                   02 
                 
                 x 
                 x 
                 x 
                 x 
                 x 
                 x 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 Mute the radio transmit. 
               
             
          
           
               
                 P: 
                 Computer address 
                 00-03 
                 H 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
     G. CRI-ACK 
     ACK sent only to the Computer by the Computer radio interface, only after CRl commands 
     
       
         
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
             
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
             
           
               
                   
               
               
                 CRI_COMMAND_ACK 
               
             
          
           
               
                 byte 0 
                 byte 1 
                 byte 2 
                 byte 3 
                 byte 4 
                 byte 5 
                 byte 6 
                 byte 7 
                 byte 8 
                 byte 9 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 Head 
                 PC 
                 Unit # 
                 Unit # 
                 Unit # 
                 CMD 
                 CMD 
                 -8 bits- 
                 -8 bits- 
                 -8 bits- 
                 CRC 
               
               
                   
                 add 
                 A-sb 
                 B-sb 
                 C-sb 
                 msb 
                 lsb 
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Dat1 
                 Dat1 
                 Dat2 
                 Dat2 
                 Dat3 
                 Dat3 
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 msb 
                 lsb 
                 msb 
                 lsb 
                 msb 
                 lsb 
               
               
                 8 bit 
                 2 bit 
                 6 bit 
                 8 bit 
                 8 bit 
                 8 bit 
                 8 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 8 bits 
               
               
                 01 
                 P 
                 00 
                 00 
                 x 
                 
                   0D 
                 
                 
                   00 
                 
                 cmd1 
                 cmd2 
                 cmd3 
                 cmd4 
                 x 
                 x 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 This is an ACK for a CRI command. this ACK is sent to the computer by the computer-radio-interface, after executing 
               
               
                 a command successfully. 
               
             
          
           
               
                 P: 
                 Computer address 
                 00-03 
                 H 
               
             
          
           
               
                 cmd 1, 2: 
                 Received CRI command MSB ok ack. 
                 00-FF 
                 H 
               
               
                 cmd 3, 4: 
                 Received CRI command LSB ok ack. 
                 00-FF 
                 H 
               
             
          
           
               
                 1. 
                 01 6 0   00 00  0D 00 0C 01 00 00 
                 OK ack for 0C01 CRI command (SWITCH 
               
               
                   
                   
                 AUDIO OUT TO JACK) 
               
               
                   
                   
                 the computer_radio_interface number is 6. 
               
               
                 2. 
                 01 6 0   00 00  0D 00 0C 0F 00 00 
                 OK ack for 0C0F CRI command (CRI reset) 
               
               
                   
                   
                 the computer_radio_interface number is 6. 
               
               
                   
                   
                 This ack is also sent on POWER UP RESET 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
     
       
         
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
             
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
             
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                   
               
             
             
               
                 UN-MUTE_RADIO 
               
             
          
           
               
                 byte 0 
                 byte 1 
                 byte 2 
                 byte 3 
                 byte 4 
                 byte 5 
                 byte 6 
                 byte 7 
                 byte 8 
                 byte 9 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 Head 
                 PC 
                 Unit # 
                 Unit # 
                 Unit # 
                 CMD 
                 CMD 
                 -8 bits- 
                 -8 bits- 
                 -8 bits- 
                 CRC 
               
               
                   
                 add 
                 A-sb 
                 B-sb 
                 C-sb 
                 msb 
                 lsb 
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Dat1 
                 Dat1 
                 Dat2 
                 Dat2 
                 Dat3 
                 Dat3 
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 msb 
                 lsb 
                 msb 
                 lsb 
                 msb 
                 lsb 
               
               
                 8 bit 
                 2 bit 
                 6 bit 
                 8 bit 
                 8 bit 
                 8 bit 
                 8 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 8 bits 
               
               
                 01 
                 00 
                 00 
                 00 
                 x 
                 
                   0C 
                 
                 
                   03 
                 
                 x 
                 x 
                 x 
                 x 
                 x 
                 x 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 UN-Mute the radio transmit. 
               
             
          
           
               
                 CRI_RESET 
               
             
          
           
               
                 Head 
                 PC 
                 Unit # 
                 Unit # 
                 Unit # 
                 CMD 
                 CMD 
                 -8 bits- 
                 -8 bits- 
                 -8 bits- 
                 CRC 
               
               
                   
                 add 
                 A-sb 
                 B-sb 
                 C-sb 
                 msb 
                 lsb 
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Dat1 
                 Dat1 
                 Dat2 
                 Dat2 
                 Dat3 
                 Dat3 
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 msb 
                 lsb 
                 msb 
                 lsb 
                 msb 
                 lsb 
               
               
                 8 bit 
                 2 bit 
                 6 bit 
                 8 bit 
                 8 bit 
                 8 bit 
                 8 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 8 bits 
               
               
                 01 
                 P 
                 00 
                 00 
                 x 
                 
                   0C 
                 
                 
                   0F 
                 
                 x 
                 x 
                 x 
                 x 
                 x 
                 x 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 Perform software reset on the Computer radio interface unit. 
               
             
          
           
               
                 P: 
                 Computer address 
                 00-03 
                 H 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
     Reference is now made to FIG. 8A, which is a simplified flowchart illustration of a preferred method for receiving radio signals, executing commands comprised therein, and sending radio signals, within the toy control device  130  of FIG.  1 A. Typically, each message as described above comprises a command, which may include a command to process information also comprised in the message. The method of FIG. 8A preferably comprises the following steps: 
     A synchronization signal or preamble is detected (step  400 ). A header is detected (step  403 ). 
     A command contained in the signal is received (step  405 ). 
     The command contained in the signal is executed (step  410 ). Executing the command may be as described above with reference to FIG.  1 A. 
     A signal comprising a command intended for the computer radio interface  110  is sent (step  420 ). 
     Reference is now made to FIGS. 8B-8T which, taken together, comprise a simplified flowchart illustration of a preferred implementation of the method of FIG.  8 A. The method of FIGS. 8B-8T is self-explanatory. 
     Reference is now made to FIG. 9A, which is a simplified flowchart illustration of a preferred method for receiving MIDI signals, receiving radio signals, executing commands comprised therein, sending radio signals, and sending MIDI signals, within the computer radio interface  110  of FIG.  1 A. Some of the steps of FIG. 9A are identical to steps of FIG. 8A, described above. FIG. 9A also preferably comprises the following steps: 
     A MIDI command is received from the computer  100  (step  430 ). The MIDI command may comprise a command intended to be transmitted to the toy control device  130 , may comprise an audio in or audio out command, or may comprise a general command. 
     A MIDI command is sent to the computer  100  (step  440 ). The MIDI command may comprise a signal received from the toy control device  130 , may comprise a response to a MIDI command previously received by the computer radio interface  110  from the computer  100 , or may comprise a general command. 
     The command contained in the MIDI command or in the received signal is executed (step  450 ). Executing the command may comprise, in the case of a received signal, reporting the command to the computer  100 , whereupon the computer  100  may typically carry out any appropriate action under program control as, for example, changing a screen display or taking any other appropriate action in response to the received command. In the case of a MIDI command received from the computer  100 , executing the command may comprise transmitting the command to the toy control device  130 . Executing a MIDI command may also comprise switching audio output of the computer control device  110  between the secondary audio interface  230  and the radio transceiver  260 . 
     Normally the secondary audio interface  230  is directly connected to the audio interface  220  preserving the connection between the computer sound board and the peripheral audio devices such as speakers, microphone and stereo system. 
     Reference is now made to FIGS. 9B-9N, and additionally reference is made back to FIGS. 8D-8M, all of which, taken together, comprise a simplified flowchart illustration of a preferred implementation of the method of FIG.  9 A. The method of FIGS. 9B-9M, taken together with FIGS. 8D-8M, is self-explanatory. 
     Reference is now additionally made to FIGS. 10A-10C, which are simplified pictorial illustrations of a signal transmitted between the computer radio interface  110  and the toy control device  130  of FIG.  1 A. FIG. 10A comprises a synchronization preamble. The duration T_SYNC of the synchronization preamble is preferably 0.500 millisecond, being preferably substantially equally divided into on and off components. 
     FIG. 10B comprises a signal representing a bit with value 0, while FIG. 10C comprises a signal representing a bit with value 1. 
     It is appreciated that FIGS. 10B and 10C refer to the case where the apparatus of FIG. 5D is used. In the case of the apparatus of FIG. 5E, functionality corresponding to that depicted in FIGS. 10B and 10C is provided within the apparatus of FIG.  5 E. 
     Preferably, each bit is assigned a predetermined duration T, which is the same for every bit. A frequency modulated carrier is transmitted, using the method of frequency modulation keying as is well known in the art. An “off” signal (typically less than 0.7 Volts) presented at termination  5  of U 2  in FIG. 5D causes a transmission at a frequency below the median channel frequency. An “on” signal (typically over 2.3 Volts) presented at pin  5  of U 2  in FIG. 5D causes a transmission at a frequency above the median frequency. These signals are received by the corresponding receiver U 1 . Output signal from pin  6  of U 1  is fed to the comparator  280  of FIGS. 4 and 6 that is operative to determine whether the received signal is “off” or “on”, respectively. 
     It is also possible to use the comparator that is contained within U 1  by connecting pin  7  of U 1  of FIG. 5D, through pin  6  of the connector J 1  of FIG. 5D, pin  6  of connector J 1  of FIG. 5A, through the jumper to pin  12  of U 1  of FIG.  5 A. 
     Preferably, receipt of an on signal or spike of duration less than 0.01*T is ignored. Receipt of an on signal as shown in FIG. 10B, of duration between 0.01*T and 0.40*T is is preferably taken to be a bit with value 0. Receipt of an on signal as shown in FIG. 10C, of duration greater than 0.40*T is preferably taken to be a bit with value 1. Typically, T has a value of 1.0 millisecond. 
     Furthermore, after receipt of an on signal, the duration of the subsequent off signal is measured. The sum of the durations of the on signal and the off signal must be between 0.90 T and 1.10 T for the bit to be considered valid. Otherwise, the bit is considered invalid and is ignored. 
     Reference is now made to FIG. 11, which is a simplified flowchart illustration of a method for generating control instructions for the apparatus of FIG.  1 A. The method of FIG. 11 preferably includes the following steps: 
     A toy is selected (step  550 ). At least one command is selected, preferably from a plurality of commands associated with the selected toy (steps  560 - 580 ). Alternatively, a command may be entered by selecting, modifying, and creating a new binary command (step  585 ). 
     Typically, selecting a command in steps  560 - 580  may include choosing a command and specifying one or more control parameters associated with the command. A control parameter may include, for example, a condition depending on a result of a previous command, the previous command being associated either with the selected toy or with another toy. A control parameter may also include an execution condition governing execution of a command such as, for example: a condition stating that a specified output is to occur based on a status of the toy, that is, if and only if a specified input is received; a condition stating that the command is to be performed at a specified time; a condition stating that performance of the command is to cease at a specified time; a condition comprising a command modifier modifying execution of the command, such as, for example, to terminate execution of the command in a case where execution of the command continues over a period of time; a condition dependent on the occurrence of a future event; or another condition. 
     The command may comprise a command to cancel a previous command. 
     The output of the method of FIG. 11 typically comprises one or more control instructions implementing the specified command, generated in step  590 . Typically, the one or more control instructions are comprised in a command file. Typically, the command file is called from a driver program which typically determines which command is to be executed at a given point in time and then calls the command file associated with the given command. 
     Preferably, a user of the method of FIG. 11 performs steps  550  and  560  using a computer having a graphical user interface. 
     Reference is now made to FIGS. 12A-12C, which are pictorial illustrations of a preferred embodiment of a graphical user interface implementation of the method of FIG.  11 . 
     FIG. 12A comprises a toy selection area  600 , comprising a plurality of toy selection icons  610 , each depicting a toy. The user of the graphical user interface of FIGS  12 A- 12 C typically selects one of the toy selection icons  610 , indicating that a command is to be specified for the selected toy. 
     FIG. 12A also typically comprises action buttons  620 , typically comprising one or more of the following: 
     a button allowing the user, typically an expert user, to enter a direct binary command implementing an advanced or particularly complex command not otherwise available through the graphical user interface of FIGS. 12A-12C; 
     a button allowing the user to install a new toy, thus adding a new toy selection icon  610 ; and 
     a button allowing the user to exit the graphical user interface of FIGS. 12A-12C. 
     FIG. 12B depicts a command generator screen typically displayed after the user has selected one of the toy selection icons  610  of FIG.  12 A. FIG. 12B comprises an animation area  630 , preferably comprising a depiction of the selected toy selection icon  610 , and a text area  635  comprising text describing the selected toy. 
     FIG. 12B also comprises a plurality of command category buttons  640 , each of which allow the user to select a category of commands such as, for example: output commands; input commands; audio in commands; audio out commands; and general commands. 
     FIG. 12B also comprises a cancel button  645  to cancel command selection and return to the screen of FIG.  12 A. 
     FIG. 12C comprises a command selection area  650 , allowing the user to specify a specific command. A wide variety of commands may be specified, and the commands shown in FIG. 12C are shown by way of example only. 
     FIG. 12C also comprises a file name area  655 , in which the user may specify the name of the file which is to receive the generated control instructions. FIG. 12C also comprises a cancel button  645 , similar to the cancel button  645  of FIG.  12 B. FIG. 12C also comprises a make button  660 . When the user actuates the make button  660 , the control instruction generator of FIG. 11 generates control instructions implementing the chosen command for the chosen toy, and writes the control instructions to the specified file. 
     FIG. 12C also comprises a parameter selection area  665 , in which the user may specify a parameter associated with the chosen command. 
     Reference is now made to Appendix A, which is a computer listing of a preferred software implementation of the method of FIGS. 8A-8T. 
     Appendix A is an INTEL hex format file. The data bytes start from character number  9  in each line. Each byte is represented by 2 characters. The last byte (2 characters) in each line, should be ignored. 
     For example, for a sample line: 
     The original line reads- :07000000020100020320329F 
     The data bytes- 02010002032032 (02,01,00,02,03,20,32) 
     Starting address of the data bytes- 0000 (00,00) 
     Appendix A may be programmed into the memory of microcontroller  250  of FIG.  6 . 
     Appendix B is a computer listing of a preferred software implementation of the method of FIGS. 9A-9N, together with the method of FIGS. 8D-8M. 
     Appendix B is an INTEL hex format file. The data bytes start from character number  9  in each line. Each byte is represented by 2 characters. The last byte (2 characters) in each line, should be ignored. 
     For example, for a sample line: 
     The original line reads- :070000000201000205A73216 
     The data bytes- 0201000205A732 (02,01,00,02,05,A7,32) 
     Starting address of the data bytes- 0000 (00,00) 
     Appendix B may be programmed into the memory of microcontroller  250  of FIG.  4 . 
     Appendix C is a computer listing of a preferred software implementation of an example of a computer game for use in the computer  100  of FIG.  1 . 
     Appendix D is a computer listing of a preferred software implementation of the method of FIGS.  11  and FIGS. 12A-12C. 
     For Appendices C and D, these programs were developed using VISUAL BASIC. To run the programs you need to install the VISUAL BASIC environment first. The application needs a Visual Basic custom control for performing MIDI I/O similar to the one called MIDIVBX.VBX. VISUAL BASIC is manufactured by Microsoft Corporation, One Microsoft Way, Redmond, Wash. 98052-6399, USA. MIDIVBX.VBX is available from Wayne Radinsky, electronic mail address a-wayner@microsoft.com. 
     The steps for programming the microcontrollers of the present invention include the use of a universal programmer, such as the Universal Programmer, type EXPRO 60/80, manufactured by Sunshine Electronics Co. Ltd., Taipei, Japan. 
     The method for programming the microcontrollers with the data of Appendices A and B, includes the following steps: 
     1. Run the program EXPRO.EXE, which is provided with the EXPRO 60/80″. 
     2. Choose from the main menu the EDIT/VIEW option. 
     3. Choose the EDIT BUFFER option. 
     4. Enter the string E 0000. 
     5. Enter the relevant data (given in Appendices A or B), byte after byte, starting from the address 0000. In each line there is a new starting address for each data byte which appears in this line. 
     6. Press ESC. 
     7. Enter the letter Q. 
     8. Choose from the main menu the DEVICE option. 
     9. Choose the MPU/MCU option. 
     10. Choose the INTEL option. 
     11. Choose the 87C51. 
     12. Choose from the main menu the RUNFUNC option. 
     13. Choose the PROGRAM option. 
     14. Place the 87C51 chip in the programmer&#39;s socket. 
     15. Enter Y and wait until the OK message. 
     16. The chip is now ready to be installed in the board. 
     The method for creating the relevant files for the computer  100 , with the data of Appendices C and D, includes using a HEX EDITOR which is able to edit DOS formatted files. A typical HEX and ASCII editor is manufactured by Martin Doppelbauer, Am Spoerkel 17, 44227 Dortmund, Germany, UET401 at electronic mail address hrz.unidozr.uni-dortmund.de. 
     The steps necessary for creating the files by means of a HEX editor, such as by the Martin Doppelbauer editor include the following: 
     1. Copy any DOS file to a new file with the desired name and with the extension .EXE. (For example, write COPY AUTOEXEC.BAT TOY1.EXE). 
     2. Run the program ME.EXE. 
     3. From the main menu press the letter L(load file). 
       0 4. Write the main menu of the new file (for example TOY1.EXE). 
     5. From the main menu, press the letter (insert). 
     6. Enter the relevant data (written in Appendices C or D), byte after byte, starting from the address 0000. 
     7. Press ESC. 
     8. From the main menu, enter the letter W(write file). 
     9. Press the RETURN key and exit from the editor by pressing the letter Q. 
     The above-described embodiment of FIG. 1C includes a description of a preferred set of predefined messages including a category termed “General commands”. Other General Commands are defined by the following description: 
     Multiport Commands 
     
       
         
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
             
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                   
               
               
                 AVAILABILITY_INTERROGATION_COMMAND 
               
             
          
           
               
                 byte 0 
                 byte 1 
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                 byte 6 
                 byte 7 
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                 byte 9 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 Head 
                 PC 
                 Unit # 
                 Unit # 
                 Unit # 
                 CMD 
                 CMD 
                 -8 bits- 
                 -8 bits- 
                 -8 bits- 
                 CRC 
               
               
                   
                 add 
                 A-sb 
                 B-sb 
                 C-sb 
                 msb 
                 lsb 
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Dat1 
                 Dat1 
                 Dat2 
                 Dat2 
                 Dat3 
                 Dat3 
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 msb 
                 lsb 
                 msb 
                 lsb 
                 msb 
                 lsb 
               
               
                 8 bit 
                 2 bit 
                 6 bit 
                 8 bit 
                 8 bit 
                 8 bit 
                 8 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
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                 8 bits 
               
               
                 01 
                 P 
                 00 
                 00 
                 A 
                 
                   04 
                 
                 
                   05 
                 
                 00 
                 00 
                 00 
                 00 
                 x 
                 x 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 A computer transmits this command to verify that the radio channel is vacant. If another computer is already using 
               
               
                 this channel it will respond with the Availability Response Command. If no response is received within 250 msec the 
               
               
                 channel is deemed vacant. 
               
             
          
           
               
                 P: 
                 Computer address 
                 00-03 
                 H 
               
               
                 A: 
                 unit address - 
                 00-FF 
                 H 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
     
       
         
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
             
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                   
               
               
                 AVAILABILITY_RESPONSE_COMMAND 
               
             
          
           
               
                 byte 0 
                 byte 1 
                 byte 2 
                 byte 3 
                 byte 4 
                 byte 5 
                 byte 6 
                 byte 7 
                 byte 8 
                 byte 9 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 Head 
                 PC 
                 Unit # 
                 Unit # 
                 Unit # 
                 CMD 
                 CMD 
                 -8 bits- 
                 -8 bits- 
                 -8 bits- 
                 CRC 
               
               
                   
                 add 
                 A-sb 
                 B-sb 
                 C-sb 
                 msb 
                 lsb 
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Dat1 
                 Dat1 
                 Dat2 
                 Dat2 
                 Dat3 
                 Dat3 
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 msb 
                 lsb 
                 msb 
                 lsb 
                 msb 
                 lsb 
               
               
                 8 bit 
                 2 bit 
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                 8 bit 
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                 8 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
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                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 8 bits 
               
               
                 01 
                 P 
                 00 
                 00 
                 A 
                 
                   04 
                 
                 
                   06 
                 
                 00 
                 00 
                 00 
                 00 
                 x 
                 x 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 A computer transmits this command in response to an Availability Interrogation Command to announce that the radio 
               
               
                 channel is in use. 
               
             
          
           
               
                 P: 
                 Computer address 
                 00-03 
                 H 
               
               
                 A: 
                 unit address - 
                 00-FF 
                 H 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
     
       
         
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
             
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                   
               
               
                 TOY_AVAILABILITY_COMMAND 
               
             
          
           
               
                 byte 0 
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                 byte 4 
                 byte 5 
                 byte 6 
                 byte 7 
                 byte 8 
                 byte 9 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 Head 
                 PC 
                 Unit # 
                 Unit # 
                 Unit # 
                 CMD 
                 CMD 
                 -8 bits- 
                 -8 bits- 
                 -8 bits- 
                 CRC 
               
               
                   
                 add 
                 A-sb 
                 B-sb 
                 C-sb 
                 msb 
                 lsb 
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Dat1 
                 Dat1 
                 Dat2 
                 Dat2 
                 Dat3 
                 Dat3 
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 msb 
                 lsb 
                 msb 
                 lsb 
                 msb 
                 lsb 
               
               
                 8 bit 
                 2 bit 
                 6 bit 
                 8 bit 
                 8 bit 
                 8 bit 
                 8 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 8 bits 
               
               
                 01 
                 P 
                 00 
                 00 
                 A 
                 
                   04 
                 
                 
                   07 
                 
                 00 
                 00 
                 00 
                 00 
                 x 
                 x 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 A Toy transmits this command to declare its existence and receive in response a Channel Pair Selection Command 
               
               
                 designating the computer that will control it and the radio channels to use. 
               
             
          
           
               
                 P: 
                 Computer address 
                 00-03 
                 H 
               
               
                 A: 
                 unit address - 
                 00-FF 
                 H 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
     
       
         
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
             
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                   
               
               
                 CHANNEL_PAIR_SELECTION_COMMAND 
               
             
          
           
               
                 byte 0 
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                 byte 4 
                 byte 5 
                 byte 6 
                 byte 7 
                 byte 8 
                 byte 9 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 Head 
                 PC 
                 Unit # 
                 Unit # 
                 Unit # 
                 CMD 
                 CMD 
                 -8 bits- 
                 -8 bits- 
                 -8 bits- 
                 CRC 
               
               
                   
                 add 
                 A-sb 
                 B-sb 
                 C-sb 
                 msb 
                 lsb 
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 Dat1 
                 Dat1 
                 Dat2 
                 Dat2 
                 Dat3 
                 Dat3 
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 msb 
                 lsb 
                 msb 
                 lsb 
                 msb 
                 lsb 
               
               
                 8 bit 
                 2 bit 
                 6 bit 
                 8 bit 
                 8 bit 
                 8 bit 
                 8 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 4 bit 
                 8 bits 
               
               
                 01 
                 P 
                 00 
                 00 
                 A 
                 
                   04 
                 
                 
                   08 
                 
                 CH1 
                 CH2 
                 00 
                 00 
                 x 
                 x 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 A computer transmits this command in response to a Toy Availability Command to inform the toy the radio channels 
               
               
                 to be used. 
               
             
          
           
               
                 P: 
                 Computer address 
                 00-03 
                 H 
               
               
                 A: 
                 unit address - 
                 00-FF 
                 H 
               
               
                 CH1: 
                 Toy transmit channel 
                 0-F 
                 H 
               
               
                 CH1: 
                 Toy receive channel 
                 0-F 
                 H 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
     In FIGS. 13 and 14 there are illustrated block diagrams of multiport multi-channel implementation of the computer radio interface  110  of FIG.  1 A. FIG. 13 illustrates the processing sub-unit of the computer interface that is implemented as an add-in board installed inside a PC. FIG. 14 is the RF transceiver which is a device external to the computer and connects to the processing subunit by means of a cable. In the present application of the RF unit there are 4 transceivers each capable of utilizing two radio channels simultaneously. 
     Referring briefly to FIG. 3, it is appreciated that, optionally, both sound and control commands may be transmitted via the MIDI connector  210  rather than transmitting sound commands via the analog connector  220 . It is additionally appreciated that the functions of the interfaces  210  and  220  between the computer radio interface  110  and the sound card  190  may, alternatively, be implemented as connections between the computer radio interface  110  to the serial and/or parallel ports of the computer  100 , as shown in FIGS. 25A-25F. 
     If it is desired to provide full duplex communication, each transceiver  260  which forms part of the computer radio interface  110  of FIG. 1A preferably is operative to transmit on a first channel pair and to receive on a different, second channel pair. The transceiver  260  (FIG. 4) which forms part of the toy control device  130  of FIG. 1A preferably is operative to transmit on the second channel and to receive on the first channel. 
     Any suitable technology may be employed to define at least two channel pairs such as narrow band technology or spread spectrum technologies such as frequency hopping technology or direct sequence technology, as illustrated in FIGS. 15A-15E, showing a Multi-Channel Computer Radio Interface, and in FIGS. 24A-24E showing a Multi-Channel Toy Control Device. 
     Appendices E-H, taken together, are computer listings from which a first, DLL-compatible, functions library may be constructed. The DLL-compatible functions library may be subsequently used by a suitable computer system such as an IBM PC to generate a variety of games for any of the computer control systems shown and described herein. Alternatively, games may be generated using the applications generator of FIGS. 11-12C. 
     To generate a DLL (dynamic loading and linking) function library based on Appendices E-H, the following operations are performed: 
     1) Open Visual C++4.0 
     2) Go to File Menu 
     3) Choose New from File Menu 
     4) Choose Project Workspace 
     5) Choose Dynamic-Link Library 
     6) The Project Name is: DLL32.MDP 
     7) Press Create button 
     8) Go to File Menu 
     9) Choose New from File Menu 
     10) Choose Text File 
     11) Now write the Source 
     12) Write on the current page a file containing the contents of Appendix E 
     13) Press the mouse right button and choose: Insert File Into Project 
     14) Click on DLL32 project 
     15) On the save dialog write CREATOR.C 
     16) Press the OK button 
     17) Go to File Menu 
     18) Choose New from File Menu 
     19) Choose Text File 
     20) Write on this page a file containing the contents of Appendix F; 
     21) Go to File Menu 
     22) Press Save 
     23) On the save dialog write CRMIDI.H 
     24) Press the OK button 
     25) Go to File Menu 
     26) Choose New from File Menu 
     27) Choose Text File 
     28) Write on this page a file containing the contents of Appendix G; 
     29) Go to File Menu 
     30) Press Save 
     31) On the save dialog write a file CREATOR.H 
     32) Press the OK button 
     33) Go to File Menu 
     34) Choose New from File Menu 
     35) Choose Text File 
     36) Write on this page a file containing the contents of Appendix H; 
     37) Press the mouse right button and choose: Insert File Into Project 
     38) Click on DLL32 project 
     39) On the save dialog write CREATOR.DEF 
     40) Press the OK button 
     41) Go to Insert Menu 
     42) Press File Into Project . . . 
     43) On the List Files of Type: Choose Library Files (*.lib) 
     44) Go to the Visual C++library directory and choose WINMM.LIB 
     45) Press the OK button 
     46) Go to the Build menu 
     47) Press Rebuild ALL 
     A description of the commands included in the DLL function library based on Appendices E-H now follows: 
     A. MIDI input functions 1-2: 
     1. Open MIDI input device 
     Syntax: long MIDIInOpen(long Device) 
     This function opens the MIDI device for input. 
     Return 0 for success, −1 otherwise. 
     Delphi Example: 
     Device:=0; 
     if MIDIInOpen(Device)&lt;&gt;0 Then 
     MessageDlg(‘Error opening MIDI input device’, mtError, mbOk, 0); 
     2. Reset MIDI input device 
     Syntax: long MIDIInReset(void) 
     this function resets MIDI input device. 
     Return 0 for success, −1 otherwise. 
     Delphi Example: 
     if MIDIInRest&lt;&gt;0 Then 
     MessageDlg(‘Error reseting MIDI input device’, mtError, mbOk, 0); 
     B. MIDI output functions 3-6: 
     3. Close MIDI input device 
     Syntax: long MIDIInClose(void) 
     This function close MIDI input device. 
     Return 0 for success, −1 otherwise. 
     Delphi Example: 
     if MIDIInClose&lt;&gt;0 Then 
     MessageDlg(‘Error closing MIDI input device’, mtError, mbOk, 0); 
     4. Open MIDI output device 
     Syntax: long MIDIOutOpen(long Device) 
     This function opens MIDI output device. 
     Return 0 if success, −1 otherwise. 
     m 
     Delphi Example: 
     Device:=0; 
     if MIDIOutOpen(Device)&lt;&gt;0 Then 
     MessageDlg(‘Error opening MIDI output device’, mtError, mbOk, 0); 
     5. Reset MIDI Output device 
     Syntax: long MIDIOutReset(void) 
     This function resets MIDI output device. 
     Return 0 if success, −1 otherwise. 
     Delphi Example: 
     if MIDIOutReset&lt;&gt;0 Then 
     MessageDlg(‘Error reseting MIDI output device’, mtError, mbOk, 0); 
     6. Close MIDI output device 
     Syntax: long MIDIOutClose(void) 
     This function close MIDI output device. 
     Return 0 if success, −1 otherwise. 
     Delphi Example: 
     Device:=0; 
     if MIDIOutClose&lt;&gt;0 Then 
     MessageDlg(‘Error opening MIDI output device’, mtError, mbOk, 0); 
     C. General functions 7-10: 
     7. Send Data 
     Syntax: long SendData(long Data) 
     This function sends 4 bytes to toy card. 
     Currently used to send 144 for init toy card. 
     Return 0 if succesfull, −1 otherwise. 
     Delphi Example: 
     If SendData(144)&lt;&gt;0 Then 
     MessageDlg(‘Error sending data to toy’, mtError, mbOk, 0); 
     8. Send Message 
     Syntax: long SendMessage(char*Mess) 
     This function sends string to toy card. 
     Return 1 if successful, or error code otherwise. 
     Delphi Example: 
     Mess:=‘00 01 00 00 00 00 00 05 00 
     00 00 01 00 03 00 01 00 00 00’; 
     If SendMessage(Mess)&lt;&gt;1 Then 
     MessageDlg(‘Error opening MIDI output device’, 
     mtError, mbOk, 0); 
     9. Check message 
     Syntax: long CheckMessage(void) 
     This function returns 0 if no message found from toy card. 
     Delphi Example: 
     If CheckMessage Then 
     Mess:=GetMessage; 
     10. Get Message 
     Syntax: char*GetMessage(char*Mess) 
     This function returns 20 chars toy message if present, or “Time Out” otherwise. 
     Delphi Example: 
     If GetMessage=“Time Out” Then 
     MessageDlg(‘No message received’, mtError, mbOk, 0); 
     D. Toy control functions 11-16: 
     11. Get Toy Number 
     Syntax: char*GetToyNumber(void) 
     This function returns Toy Number of last receiving message, 
     or “00 00 00 00” if no message was received. 
     12. Get Sensor Number 
     Syntax: long GetSensorNumber(void) 
     This function returns Sensor Number of last receiving message, or 255 if no message was received. 
     13. Toy Reset 
     Syntax: long ToyReset(char*ToyNumber) 
     This function sends a reset string to toy. 
     Return 0 if successful, or −1 otherwise. 
     14. Toy Transceive 
     Syntax: char*ToyTranceive(char*ToyNumber,char*Mess) 
     This function sends message to toy and waits 3 sec to acknowledge. 
     Return “Ack. Ok” if received, or “Time Out” if not. 
     15. Prepare Toy Talk 
     yntax: char*PrepareToyTalk(char*ToyNumber, char*WaveFile) 
     This function prepares toy card to generate sound using toy speaker. 
     After calling this function, WaveFile may be played and heard at toy speaker. 
     Return “Ack. Ok” if successful, or “Time Out” otherwise. 
     16. Go To Sleep Mode 
     Syntax: char*GoSleep(char*ToyNumber) 
     This function sends to toy the sleep command. 
     Return “Ack. Ok” if successful, or “Time Out” otherwise. 
     Appendices I-O, taken together, are computer listings of a second functions library which may be used to generate a variety of games for any of the computer control systems shown and described herein in conjunction with a Director 5.0 software package, marketed by Macromedia Inc., 600 Townsend St., San Francisco, Calif., 94103. 
     To generate an XObject function library based on Appendices I-O, the following operations are performed: 
     1) Create a new directory: C:\XOBJECT\ by writing (MD C:\XOBJECT\) 
     2) Open Visual C++1.5 
     3) On the File menu choose NEW 
     4) Generate a file which contains the contents of Appendix I; 
     5) Choose Save As from the File Menu 
     6) Give the file generated in step (4) a name by punching C:\XOBJECT\CREATOR.MAK 
     7) Press the OK button 
     8) On the File menu choose NEW 
     9) Generate a file which contains the contents of Appendix J; 
     10) On the File menu choose Save As. 
     11) In the File Name: dialog, write C:\XOBJECT\CREATOR.C 
     12) Press the OK button 
     13) On the File menu choose NEW 
     14) Generate a file which contains the contents of Appendix K; 
     15) On the File menu choose Save As. 
     16) In the File Name: dialog write C:\XOBJECT\CREATOR.H 
     17) Press the OK button 
     18) On the File menu choose NEW 
     19) Generate a file which contains the contents of Appendix L; 
     20) On the File menu choose Save As. 
     21) In the File Name: dialog write C:\XOBJECT\CRMIDI.H 
     22) Press the OK button 
     23) On the File menu choose NEW 
     24) Generate a file which contains the contents of Appendix M; 
     25) On the File menu choose Save As. 
     26) In the File Name: dialog write C:\XOBJECT\XOBJECT.H 
     27) Press the OK button 
     28) On the File menu choose NEW 
     29) Generate a file which contains the contents of Appendix N; 
     30) On the File menu choose Save As. 
     31) In the File Name: dialog write C:\XOBJECT\CREATOR.DEF 
     32) Press the OK button 
     33) On the File menu choose NEW 
     34) Generate a file which contains the contents of Appendix O; 
     35) On the File menu choose Save As. 
     36) In the File Name: dialog write C:\XOBJECT\CREATOR.RC 
     37) Press the OK button 
     38) On the Project Menu choose Open 
     39) In the File Name dialog write C:\XOBJECT\CREATOR.MAK40) Press Rebuild All from the Project Menu 
     A description of the commands included in the XObject function library based on Appendices I-O now follows: 
     A. MIDI input functions 1-3: 
     1. Open MIDI input device 
     Syntax: long MIDIInOpen(long Device) 
     This function opens the MIDI device for input. 
     Return 0 for success, −1 otherwise. 
     Delphi Example: 
     Device:=0; 
     if MIDIInOpen(Device)&lt;&gt;0 Then 
     MessageDlg(‘Error opening MIDI input device’, 
     mtError, mbOk, 0); 
     2. Reset MIDI input device 
     Syntax: long MIDIInReset(void) 
     This function resets MIDI input device. 
     Return 0 for success, −1 otherwise. 
     Delphi Example: 
     if MIDIInRest&lt;&gt;0 Then 
     MessageDlg(‘Error reseting MIDI input device’, 
     mtError, mbOk, 0); 
     3. Close MIDI input device 
     Syntax: long MIDIInClose(void) 
     This function turns off MIDI input device. 
     Return 0 for success, −1 otherwise. 
     Delphi Example: 
     if MIDIInClose&lt;&gt;0 Then 
     MessageDlg(‘Error closing MIDI input device’, 
     mtError, mbOk, 0); 
     B. MIDI output functions 4-6: 
     4. Open MIDI output device 
     Syntax: long MIDIOutOpen(long Device) 
     This function opens MIDI output device. 
     Return 0 if success, −1 otherwise. 
     Delphi Example: 
     Device:=0; 
     if MIDIOutOpen(Device)&lt;&gt;0 Then 
     MessageDlg(‘Error opening MIDI output device’, 
     mtError, mbOk, 0); 
     5. Reset MIDI Output device 
     Syntax: long MIDIOutReset(void) 
     This function resets MIDI output device. 
     Return 0 if success, −1 otherwise. 
     Delphi Example: 
     if MIDIOutReset&lt;&gt;0 Then 
     MessageDlg(‘Error reseting MIDI output device’, 
     mtError, mbOk, 0); 
     6. Close MIDI output device 
     Syntax: long MIDIOutClose(void) 
     This function close MIDI output device. 
     Return 0 if success, −1 otherwise. 
     Delphi Example: 
     Device:=0; 
     if MIDIOutClose&lt;&gt;0 Then 
     MessageDlg(‘Error opening MIDI output device’, 
     mtError, mbOk, 0); 
     C. General functions 7-11: 
       7 . New 
     Syntax: Creator(mNew) 
     This function creates a new instance of the XObject 
     The result is 1 if successful, or error code otherwise. 
     Example: 
     openxlib “Creator.Dll” 
     Creator(mNew) 
     Creator(mDispose) 
     See also: Dispose 
     8. Dispose 
     Syntax: Creator(mNew) 
     This function disposes of XObject instance. 
     The result is1 if successful, or error code otherwise. 
     Example: 
     openxlib “Creator.Dll” 
     Creator(mNew) 
     ... 
     Creator(mDispose) 
     9. Send Message 
     Syntax: long SendMessage(char*Mess) 
     This function sends string to toy card. 
     Return 1 if successful, or error code otherwise. 
     Delphi Example: 
     Mess:=‘00 01 00 00 00 00 00 05 00 
     00 00 01 00 03 00 01 00 00 00’; 
     If SendMessage(Mess)&lt;&gt;1 Then 
     MessageDlg(‘Error opening MIDI output device’, 
     mtError, mbOk, 0); 
     10. Check message 
     Syntax: long CheckMessage(void) 
     This function returns 0 if no message found from toy card. 
     Delphi Example: 
     If CheckMessage Then 
     Mess:=GetMessage; 
     11. Get Toy Message 
     Syntax: GetToyMessage 
     This function receives message from toy. 
     The result is a message. 
     If during 3 sec there is no message, the result is “Time Out”. 
     Example: 
     set message=GetToyMessage 
     If message=“Time Out” Then 
     put “No message receiving” 
     End If 
     See also: Check for Message 
     D. Toy control functions 12-17: 
       12 . Get Toy Number 
     Syntax: cha*GetToyNumber(void) 
     This function returns Toy Number of last receiving message, or “00 00 00 00” if no message was received. 
     13. Get Sensor Number 
     Syntax: long GetSensorNumber(void) 
     This function returns Sensor Number of last receiving message, or 255 if no message was received. 
     14. Toy Reset 
     Syntax: long ToyReset(char*ToyNumber) 
     This function sends a reset string to toy. 
     Return 0 if successful, or −1 otherwise. 
     15. Toy Tranceive 
     Syntax: char*ToyTranceive(char*ToyNumber,char*Mess) 
     This function sends to toy message and waits 3 sec to acknowledge. 
     Return “Ack. Ok” if received, or “Time Out” if not. 
     16. Prepare Toy Talk 
     Syntax: char*PrepareToyTalk(char*ToyNumber, char*WaveFile) 
     This function prepares toy card to generate sound using from toy speaker. 
     After calling this function, WaveFile may be played and heard at toy speaker. 
     Return “Ack. Ok” if successful, or “Time Out” otherwise. 
     17. Go To Sleep Mode 
     Syntax: char*GoSleep(char*ToyNumber) 
     This function sends to toy the sleep command. 
     Return “Ack. Ok” if successful, or “Time Out” otherwise. 
     To use the XObject function library in conjunction with the Director, the following method may be employed. 
     1) Open Director Version 5.0 program 
     2) From File Menu, choose New 
     3) Press the Movie Option 
     4) Go to Windows menu and press Cast 
     5) Go to the first Script on the cast 
     6) On the Window menu choose Script 
     7) Write the script of the desired game. 
     8) Repeat from step 5 until all desired script(s) have been written. Press (Ctrl+Alt+P) to run the Application 
     Reference is now made to FIG. 16 which is a simplified flowchart illustration of a preferred method of operation of a computer radio interface (CRI)  110  operative to service an individual computer  100  of FIG. 1A without interfering with other computers or being interfered with by the other computers, each of which is similarly serviced by a similar CRI. Typically, the method of FIG. 16 is implemented in software on the computer  100  of FIG.  1 A. 
     The CRI includes a conventional radio transceiver ( 260  of FIG. 4) which may, for example, comprise an RY3 GB021 having 40 channels which are divided into 20 pairs of channels. Typically, 16 of the channel pairs are assigned to information communication and the remaining 4 channel pairs are designated as control channels. 
     In the method of FIG. 16, one of the 4 control channel pairs is selected by the radio interface (step  810 ) as described in detail below in FIG.  17 . The selected control channel pair i is monitored by a first transceiver (step  820 ) to detect the appearance of a new toy which is signalled by arrival of a toy availability command from the new toy (step  816 ). When the new toy is detected, an information communication channel pair is selected (step  830 ) from among the 16 such channel pairs provided over which game program information will be transmitted to the new toy. A preferred method for implementing step  830  is illustrated in self-explanatory flowchart FIG.  18 A. The “Locate Computer” command in FIG. 18A (step  1004 ) is illustrated in the flowchart of FIG.  18 B. 
     The identity of the selected information communication channel pair, also termed herein a “channel pair selection command”, is sent over the control channel pair to the new toy (step  840 ). A game program is then begun (step  850 ), using the selected information communication channel pair. The control channel pair is then free to receive and act upon a toy availability command received from another toy. Therefore, it is desirable to assign another transceiver to that control channel pair since the current transceiver is now being used to provide communication between the game and the toy. 
     To assign a further transceiver to the now un-monitored control channel, the transceiver which was formerly monitoring that control channel is marked as busy in a transceiver availability table (step  852 ). The transceiver availability table is then scanned until an available transceiver, i.e. a transceiver which is not marked as busy, is identified (step  854 ). This transceiver is then assigned to the control channel i (step  858 ). 
     FIG. 17 is a simplified flowchart illustration of a preferred method for implementing “select control channel pair” step  810  of FIG.  16 . In FIG. 17, the four control channels are scanned. For each channel pair in which the noise level falls below a certain threshold (step  895 ), the computer sends an availability interrogation command (step  910 ) and waits for a predetermined time period, such as 250 ms, for a response (steps  930  and  940 ). If no other computer responds, i.e. sends back an “availability response command”, then the channel pair is deemed vacant. If the channel pair is found to be occupied the next channel is scanned. If none of the four channel pairs are found to be vacant, a “no control channel available” message is returned. 
     FIG. 19 is a self-explanatory flowchart illustration of a preferred method of operation of the toy control device  130  which is useful in conjunction with the “multi-channel” embodiment of FIGS. 16-18B. i=1, . . . , 4 is an index of the control channels of the system. The toy control device sends a “toy availability command” (step  1160 ) which is a message advertising the toy&#39;s availability, on each control channel i in turn (steps  1140 ,  1150 ,  1210 ), until a control channel is reached which is being monitored by a computer. This becomes apparent when the computer responds (step  1180 ) by transmitting a “channel pair selection command” which is a message designating the information channel pair over which the toy control device may communicate with the game running on the computer. At this point (step  1190 ), the toy control device may begin receiving and executing game commands which the computer transmits over the information channel pair designated in the control channel i. 
     According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a computer system is provided, in communication with a remote game server, as shown in FIG.  20 . The remote game server  1250  is operative to serve to the computer  100  at least a portion of at least one toy-operating game, which operates one or more toys  1260 . Optionally, an entire game may be downloaded from the remote game server  1250 . However, alternatively, a new toy action script or new text files may be downloaded from the remote game server  1250  whereas the remaining components of a particular game may already be present in the memory of computer  100 . 
     Downloading from the remote game server  1250  to the computer  100  may take place either off-line, before the game begins, or on-line, in the course of the game. Alternatively, a first portion of the game may be received off-line whereas an additional portion of the game is received on-line. 
     The communication between the remote game server  1250  and the computer  100  may be based on any suitable technology such as but not limited to ISDN; X.25; Frame-Relay; and Internet. 
     An advantage of the embodiment of FIG. 20 is that a very simple computerized device may be provided locally, i.e. adjacent to the toy, because all “intelligence” may be provided from a remote source. In particular, the computerized device may be less sophisticated than a personal computer, may lack a display monitor of its own, and may, for example, comprise a network computer  1270 . 
     FIG. 21 is a simplified flowchart illustration of the operation of the computer  100  or of the network computer  1260  of FIG. 20, when operating in conjunction with the remote server  1250 . 
     FIG. 22 is a simplified flowchart illustration of the operation of the remote game server  1250  of FIG.  20 . 
     FIG. 23 is a semi-pictorial semi-block diagram illustration of a wireless computer controlled toy system including a toy  1500  having a toy control device  1504 , a computer  1510  communicating with the toy control device  1504  by means of a computer-radio interface  1514  and a proximity detection subsystem operative to detect proximity between the toy and the computer. The proximity detection subsystem may for example include a pair of ultrasound transducers  1520  and  1530  associated with the toy and computer respectively. The toy&#39;s ultrasound transducer  1520  typically broadcasts ultrasonic signals which the computer&#39;s ultrasound transducer  1530  detects if the computer and toy are within ultrasonic communication range, e.g. are in the same room. 
     FIGS. 24A-24E, taken together, form a detailed electronic schematic diagram of a multi-channel implementation of the computer radio interface  110  of FIG. 3 which is similar to the detailed electronic schematic diagrams of FIGS. 5A-5D except for being multi-channel, therefore capable of supporting full duplex applications, rather than single-channel. 
     FIGS. 25A-25F, taken together, form a detailed schematic illustration of a computer radio interface which connects to a serial port of a computer rather than to the soundboard of the computer. 
     FIGS. 26A-26D, taken together, form a detailed schematic illustration of a computer radio interface which connects to a parallel port of a computer rather than to the soundboard of the computer. 
     FIGS. 27A-27J are preferred self-explanatory flowchart illustrations of a preferred radio coding technique, based on the Manchester coding, which is an alternative to the radio coding technique described above with reference to FIGS. 8E,  8 G- 8 M and  10 A-C. 
     FIGS. 28A-28K, taken together, form a detailed electronic schematic diagram of the multi-port multi-channel computer radio interface sub-unit of FIG.  13 . 
     FIGS. 29A-29I, taken together, form a detailed electronic schematic diagram of the multi-port multi-channel computer radio interface sub-unit of FIG.  14 . 
     FIG. 30 illustrates a further embodiment of the present invention which includes a combination of a Computer Radio Interface (CRI) and a Toy Control Device (TCD),  1610 . 
     The combined unit  1610  controls a toy  1620  which is connected to the computer  100  by a device, such as a cable, and communicates with other toys,  120 , by means such as radio communication, using the computer radio interface  110 . The toy  1620  is operated in a similar manner as the toy device  120 . 
     FIG. 31 illustrates a simplified block diagram of the combined unit  1610 . 
     FIGS. 32A,  32 B and  32 C taken together form a simplified schematic diagram of the EP900 EPLD chip (U 9 ) of FIG.  28 H. The code to program the EPLD chip for this schematic diagram preferably uses the programming package “Max Plus II Ver. 6.2” available from Altera Corporation, 3525 Monroe Street, Santa Clara, Calif. 5051, USA. 
     FIG. 33 is a semi-pictorial semi-block diagram illustration of a computerized networked advertisement system constructed and operative in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention. 
     As shown, a computerized toy or doll  300  is computer-controlled, preferably via a wireless connection between the toy  300  and a computer or workstation  310 . The computer or workstation  310  is associated, via the Internet or another communications network  320 , with an advertisement server  330 . 
     FIG. 34 is a data transmission diagram describing data transmissions between various network service providers which support the advertisement system of FIG. 33 according to one preferred embodiment of the present invention. 
     FIG. 35 is a semi-pictorial semi-block diagram illustration of a computerized networked advertisement system constructed and operative in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention in which a virtual toy conveys advertisement bulletins to a user of the toy. 
     FIG. 36 is a simplified flowchart illustration of a preferred mode of operation for the user PC of FIG.  34 . 
     FIG. 37 is a simplified flowchart illustration of a preferred mode of operation for the game software server of FIG.  34 . 
     FIG. 38 is a simplified flowchart illustration of a preferred mode of operation for the marketer/advertisement provider of FIG.  34 . 
     FIG. 39 is a simplified flowchart illustration of a preferred mode of operation for the software maintenance center of FIG.  34 . 
     An overview of FIGS. 40-58, which describe a Living Object Internet Service System (LOIS) constructed and operative in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, is as follows: 
     FIG. 56 
     Sites and Computing Devices: shows what computing devices that participate in LOIS 
     FIG. 57 
     Sites and Top Level Data Flow: describes the top level data flow between LOIS sites 
     Sites and Actors 
     ================ 
     There is a diagram for each site that presents the LOIS actors at that site, their responsibilities, and their collaborations. 
     FIG. 40 
     At Home 
     FIG. 41 
     At Creator HQ 
     FIG. 42 
     At Advertisers HQ 
     FIG. 43 
     At Toy Maker HQ 
     Sites and Subsystems 
     ==================== 
     There is a diagram for each site that presents the subsystems running there, their responsibilities, and the computing devices on which they run. 
     FIG. 44 
     At Home 
     FIG. 45 
     At Creator HQ 
     FIG. 46 
     At Advertisers HQ 
     FIG. 47 
     At Toy Maker HQ 1: presents the Living Object Server 
     FIG. 48 
     At Toy Maker HQ 2: presents other LOIS subsystems running at the Toy Maker headquarters 
     Subsystems and Data Flow 
     ======================== 
     There is a diagram for each site that presents the subsystems running there, and the data flow between them. 
     FIG. 49 
     At Home 
     FIG. 50 
     At Advertisers HQ 
     FIG.  51   
     At Toy Maker HQ 
     Collaboration Diagrams 
     ====================== 
     There is a diagram for each of the major LOIS dynamics, showing how it accomplished by subsystems collaborating. 
     FIG. 58 
     Client Update: the collaborations that accomplish the update of a client installation, with a new Behavior 
     FIG. 52 
     Playing a Game: describes the collaborations involved in the entire process from authoring to deployment 
     State Diagrams 
     ============== 
     There are diagrams for each of the major subsystems in LOIS, showing the inner state transition network of the subsystem. 
     FIG. 53 
     Client Logger 
     FIG. 54 
     Push Client 
     FIG. 55 
     Living Object Control Software 
     ------------------------------------------------------------------- 
     FIG.  56 : Sites and Computing Devices 
     ====================================== 
     The diagram shows the sites that participate in LOIS, and the computing devices running LOIS software at these sites. 
     Notation 
     -------- 
     1. A 3-D block is a site. A site is defined as the aggregate of all subsystems owned by one organization, or home. The block is labeled with the name of the site and its cardinality. 
     2. Lightning connectors are communication links. 
     3. There are three types of computing devices inside the sites: a server, a workstation, and a Living Object. 
     Elements 
     -------- 
     1. Home: LOIS can support up to a million Client Installations. 
     Each client installation features at least one Living Object, and a Client Access Terminal. Initially the only possible computing device is a Win32 PC. In the future Mac, Java, and other platforms will be supported. 
     2. Toy Maker HQ: Up to a 100 Toy Makers can coexist in the initial implementation of LOIS. Each Toy Maker site features Staff Workstations and Toy Maker Servers. 
     3. Advertisers HQ: Up to a 1000 Advertisers are supported in the initial implementation of LOIS. Each site features a Staff Workstation. 
     4. Creator HQ: The Creator site consists of servers and Staff Workstations. There is only one Creator site. “Creator” is a name used for convenience to denote a supplier of living objects technology which may, for example, provide maintenance service for other HQs. 
     ------------------------------------------------------------------- 
     FIG.  57 : Sites and Top Level Data Flow 
     ======================================== 
     The diagram shows the sites that participate in LOIS, and the computing devices running LOIS software at these sites. 
     Notation 
     -------- 
     1. A 3-D block is a site labeled with the site name. 
     2. A line connector indicates communication between the two connected sites. 
     3. The circle arrow elements represents the direction of the data flow. The attached text categorizes the data flow. 
     Connections 
     ----------- 
     1. Toy Maker=&gt;Home 
     Client Update Responses: these are the Behaviors that the Toy Maker Push Server returns in response to a Client Update Response.Web Shop URLs: these are the URLs the Toy Maker Web Store publishes. This includes catalog pages, search pages, purchase pages, and billing pages. 
     registration URLs: these are the URLs the Toy Maker Registration Service publishes as forms to accept/modify registration info from users. 
     receipt emails: emails from the Toy Maker that is receipt for online purchases. 
     announcement emails: emails from the Toy Maker with announcements that might interest Living Object owners. 
     2. Home=&gt;Toy Maker HQ 
     Client Update Requests: these are requests sent according to the Push Client schedule. They contain a unique client id. 
     Client Log Updates: these are usage reports collected (and filtered/computed) on the client side by the Client Logger, and sent to the Profiling Service. 
     registration info: this is the info collected by the registration forms. It is sent to the Registration Service at the Toy Maker site, from the web browser at the Client Installation. 
     Web Store orders: order sent through the web for specific Behavior Subscriptions. 
     3. Creator HQ=&gt;Home 
     Software Updates: these are the latest version of LOIS client software. It is pushed and installed automatically. 
     4. Advertiser HQ=&gt;Toy Maker HQ 
     Behaviors: these are Advertisement Behaviors authored on the Advertiser staff workstations, and uploaded to the Toy Maker Server. 
     5. Toy Maker HQ=&gt;Advertiser HQ 
     reports: that are used by the advertiser to better target users. 
     6. Creator=&gt;Advertiser/Toy Maker HQ 
     Support requests/support: Creator provides online technical and end user support. 
     ------------------------------------------------------------------- 
     Sites and Actors 
     FIGS.  40 - 42 : At Home, At Advertisers HQ, At Creator HQ 
     These diagrams show the actors at the LOIS sites that participate in LOIS dynamics. 
     Notation 
     -------- 
     1. A 2-D block is an actor. It may represent several actual people. The block is labeled with the role name of the actor. The responsibilities list presents the LOIS dynamics where the actor participates. The collaborations list presents collaborating actors, and their relationships. 
     ------------------------------------------------------------------- 
     Sites and Actors 
     FIG.  43 : At Toy Makers HQ 
     =========================== 
     The diagram shows the members of the Toy Maker organization that participate in LOIS dynamics. 
     Notation 
     -------- 
     1. A 2-D block is an actor. It may represent several actual people. The block is labeled with the role name of the actor. The responsibilities list presents the LOIS dynamics where the actor participates. The collaborations list presents collaborating actors, and their relationships. 
     Elements 
     -------- 
     1. SysAdmin/Developer/WebMaster: The Toy Maker technical personnel. No other actors at the Toy Maker site are required to have technical skills. The exact skills required depend on: The type of Behaviors produced at the Toy Maker (regular/complex). Complex Behaviors require custom programming, and knowledge of the LOIS API. Most Behaviors can be created by non-technical Content Creators. 
     The nature of the Behavior Space required by the Toy Maker (regular/complex). Complex mappings between profiles/external data, and Behaviors, require custom programming, and knowledge of the LOIS API. Most of the Behavior Spaces that a Toy Maker will require, can be created by non-technical Advertising Managers. 
     The number of Client Installations subscribed to the Toy Maker (100,000 s/millions). The higher the load on the Toy Maker servers, the harder it is to manage them and guarantee clients the performance they demand. Toy Makers with millions of subscribers will definitely require a skilled system administrator, if only for their web infosystem. 
     The level of workflow automation required between Advertisement Managers, Content Creators, and Managers (regular/complex). This includes workflow automation for the intranet, as well as for the Toy Maker extranet, communicating with Advertisers. Complex automation requires custom programming, and knowledge of the LOIS API. Simple workflow can be configured by any of the non-technical members of the Toy Maker staff. 
     The requirements of the Toy Maker web infosystem/Web Store (regular/complex). Complex Web Stores, linked to the Toy Maker main infosystem, require custom programming, and knowledge of the third party Commerce Software. Most Web Stores can be configured by any of the non-technical members of the Toy Maker staff. 
     The main responsibility of the SysAdmin is keeping the Toy Maker servers running. The Developer helps the Content Creator in creating complex Behaviors and web infosystem components, helps the Advertising Manager in creating complex Behavior Spaces, and helps everyone in creating complex workflow automations. The WebMaster is responsible for the web infosystem. 
     2. Content Creator: Creates Behaviors using the Behavior Designer. The Content Creator might also help the WebMaster in preparing a web infosystem that will convince parents to buy Behavior Subscriptions. 
     3. Advertising Manager: Is responsible for getting more Behavior Subscriptions sold, and for selling parts of the Behavior Space to Advertisers. Also responsible usage and profile data reports. 
     4. Manager: Manages the operation where Content Behavior Subscriptions are sold to users, and Advertisement Behaviors are pushed to users. Interacts mostly with reporting facilities in LOIS. 
     ------------------------------------------------------------------- 
     Sites and Subsystems 
     FIG.  44 : At Home 
     ================== 
     The diagram shows LOIS software subsystems, and the computing devices they run on, at the Client Installation. 
     Notation 
     -------- 
     1. A 2-D block is a software subsystem. It shows the subsystem name, and a list of its responsibilities. Software subsystems can nest. The responsibilities of a container subsystem are defined all the responsibilities assumed by contained subsystems. 
     2. Lightning connections represent a communication link between computing devices. 
     3. Directed connections are labeled with their stereotype. 
     Elements 
     -------- 
     1. Living Object: An interactive toy controlled by the LOCS. Communicates through radio link with Client Access Terminal. 
     2. Client Access Terminal: A personal/network computer running the Living Object Client. Communicates through radio with Living Object. 
     3. Living Object Client: Defined as the subsystem that includes all software running on a Client Access Terminal: the Client Logger, the LOCS, and the Push Client. 
     4. Client Logger: A software package which collects usage data from the LOCS, passes it through client side filters, and sends it to the Profiling Service, via the Push Client. It exists to facilitate client side filtering of usage data. For example: instead of sending 100 scores of a 100 vocabulary drills, the Client Logger computes averages, and these are sent to the Toy Maker Profiling Service. 
     5. Living Object Control Software: (LOCS) The software package which controls the Living Object. It translates Behavior data submitted from the Push Client, into interactive commands which run on the Living Object. 
     6. Push Client: A third party software package, customized by Creator for LOIS. It provides the client side of the push layer of LOIS. 
     7. Web Browser: A third party software package. It is used as a client for registration/billing, and for the Web Store. This allows us to simplify the client. 
     Connections 
     ----------- 
     1. The Living Object Client runs on the Client Access Terminal. 
     ------------------------------------------------------------------- 
     Sites and Subsystems 
     FIG.  45 : At Creator HQ 
     The diagram shows LOIS software subsystems, and the computing devices they run on, at the Creator headquarters. 
     Notation 
     -------- 
     1. A 2-D block is a software subsystem. It shows the subsystem name, and a list of its responsibilities. Software subsystems can nest. The responsibilities of a container subsystem are defined all the responsibilities assumed by contained subsystems. 
     2. Lightning connections represent a communication link between computing devices. 
     3. Directed connections are labeled with their stereotype. 
     Elements 
     1. Creator Server: The server that runs LOIS software at the Creator site. 
     2. Push Server: A software the provides the server side of the LOIS push layer. 
     Connections 
     ----------- 
     1. The Push Server runs on the Creator Server. 
     Sites and Subsystems 
     FIG.  46 : At Advertisers HQ 
     The diagram shows LOIS software subsystems, and the computing devices they run on, at the Advertisers headquarters. 
     Notation 
     -------- 
     1. A 2-D block is a software subsystem. It shows the subsystem name, and a list of its responsibilities. Software subsystems can nest. The responsibilities of a container subsystem are defined all the responsibilities assumed by contained subsystems. 
     2. Lightning connections represent a communication link between computing devices. 
     3. Directed connections are labeled with their stereotype. 
     Elements 
     -------- 
     1. Workstation: The workstation that runs LOIS software at the Advertisers site. 
     2. Behavior Designer: A friendly application for authoring complex Behaviors. The output of working with this software, is an authored Behavior. 
     3. Reporting Software: A subsystem that helps the Advertisers understand the who is using LOIS, and how they are using it. 
     Connections 
     ----------- 
     1. The Behavior Designer runs on the Workstation. 
     2. The Reporting Software runs on the Workstation. 
     ------------------------------------------------------------------- 
     Sites and Subsystems 
     FIG.  47 : At Toy Maker HQ  1   
     The diagram shows LOIS software subsystems, and the computing devices they run on, at the Toy Maker headquarters. In this diagram we focus on the elements of the Living Object Server. 
     Notation 
     -------- 
     1. A 2-D block is a software subsystem. It shows the subsystem name, and a list of its responsibilities. Software subsystems can nest. The responsibilities of a container subsystem are defined all the responsibilities assumed by contained subsystems. 
     2. Lightning connections represent a communication link between computing devices. 
     3. Directed connections are labeled with their stereotype. 
     Elements 
     -------- 
     1. Toy Maker Servers: A computing device/s that runs the Living Object Server software. 
     2. Living Object Server: The subsystem that includes the Push Server, database server, Web Shop, Registration Service, Behavior Space Manager, and Profiling Service, web server, and list server 
     3. Database server: All subsystems use the ODBMS libraries for handling persistent objects. Most important objects in LOIS are persistent in the database server. Because we are working with ODMG-93 there is no database code such as embedded SQL. We do not mention the database server anymore, since the ODMG mappings allow us to treat it as transparent. 
     4. Behavior Space Manager: A software subsystem that has two roles. For design-time, it provides services for effectively managing large Behavior Spaces, uploading Behaviors, query and reporting services, etc. For run-time, it provides a function that maps any user ID to a Behavior. 
     5. Living Object Control Software: (LOCS) The software package which controls the Living Object. It translates Behavior data submitted from the Push Client, into interactive commands which run on the Living Object. 
     6. Push Client: A third party software package, customized by Creator for LOIS. It provides the client side of the push layer of LOIS. 
     7. Web Browser: A third party software package. It is used as a client for registration/billing, and for the Web Store. This allows us to simplify the client. 
     Connections 
     ----------- 
     1. The Living Object Client runs on the Client Access Terminal. 
     -------------------------------------------------------------------- 
     Sites and Subsystems 
     FIG.  48 : At Toy Maker HQ  2   
     The diagram shows LOIS software subsystems, and the computing devices they run on, at the Toy Maker headquarters. In this diagram we focus on the subsystems not in the Living Object Server. 
     Notation 
     1. A 2-D block is a software subsystem. It shows the subsystem name, and a list of its responsibilities. Software subsystems can nest. The responsibilities of a container subsystem are defined all the responsibilities assumed by contained subsystems. 
     2. Lightning connections represent a communication link between computing devices. 
     3. Directed connections are labeled with their stereotype. 
     Elements 
     -------- 
     1. Workstation: A workstation that runs LOIS software. 
     2. Reporting Software: A subsystem that helps the Toy Maker understand the who is using LOIS, and how they are using it. It works against all existing information, to create customizable reports. It has the capability to create automatic reports, on schedule. 
     3. Behavior Designer: A friendly application for authoring complex Behaviors. The output of working with this software, is an authored Behavior. 
     4. Server Console: The main interface to LOIS. Its main features are: 
     Manage Behaviors and configure the Behavior Space Manager 
     Configure the Web Shop 
     Configure the Profiling Service 
     Configure the Registration Service 
     Manage Users, registration, billing 
     Configure automation for the Reporting Software 
     Initiate sending of announcement emails 
     Connections 
     ----------- 
     1. All subsystems run on the Workstation. 
     ---------------------------------------------------------- 
     Subsystems and Data Flow 
     FIG.  49 : At Home 
     The diagram shows the data flow between the subsystems at the ClientInstallation. 
     Notation 
     -------- 
     1. A 2-D block is a software subsystem. It shows the subsystem name. 
     2. Connections imply communications between the subsystems/devices. 
     3. Data flow symbols show the direction, and a list of the message classes that flow in the link. Nothing is implied about the order of the data flow. 
     Connections 
     ----------- 
     1. LOCS&lt;=&gt;Living Object: The LOCS translates Behaviors into commands that can be run on the Living Object. All usage data is sent from the Living Object to the LOCS. 
     2. LOCS=&gt;Client Logger: Behaviors may contain code that passes specific usage data to the Client Logger. 
     3. Push Client=&gt;LOCS: New Behaviors are passed to the LOCS. 
     4. Client Logger=&gt;Push Client: Usage data is filtered by the Client Logger, and only filtered data aggregate statistics are passed to the Push Client. 
     5. Push Client&lt;=&gt;Internet: The Push Client passes Client Update Requests to the Internet, signifying a Behavior update is requested. It also passes Client Log Updates, that contain data prepared by the Client Logger. From the Internet the Push Client receives Client Update Responses (Behaviors), and software updates that it installs. 
     6. Web Browser&lt;=&gt;Internet: The web browser is used to browse the Web Store, purchase Behavior Subscriptions, and for LOIS email. 
     ------------------------------------------------------------------- 
     Subsystems and Data Flow 
     FIG.  50 : At Advertisers HQ 
     The diagram shows the data flow between the subsystems at the Advertisers headquarters. 
     Notation 
     1. A 2-D block is a software subsystem. It shows the subsystem name. 
     2. Connections imply communications between the subsystems/devices. 
     3. Data flow symbols show the direction, and a list of the message classes that flow in the link. Nothing is implied about the order of the data flow. 
     Connections 
     1. Internet=&gt;Reporting Software: Usage reports are received from the Toy Maker, and are used to create campaigns. 
     2. Behavior Designer=&gt;Internet: Advertisement Behaviors are uploaded to the Toy Maker Server, where they will be pushed to Client Installations. 
     ------------------------------------------------------------------- 
     Subsystems and Data Flow 
     FIG.  51 : At Toy Maker HQ 
     The diagram shows the data flow between the subsystems at the ToyMaker headquarters. 
     Notation 
     1. A 2-D block is a software subsystem. It shows the subsystem name. 
     2. Connections imply communications between the subsystems/devices. 
     3. Data flow symbols show the direction, and a list of the message classes that flow in the link. Nothing is implied about the order of the data flow. 
     Connections 
     1. Server Console=&gt;Reporting Software: The Server Console applies configuration to the Reporting Software. 
     2. Server Console=&gt;Profiling Service: The Server Console applies configuration to the Profiling Service. 
     3. Server Console=&gt;Registration Service: The Server Console applies configuration to the Registration Service. 
     4. Server Console=&gt;Web Store: The Server Console applies configuration to the Web Store. 
     5. Server Console=&gt;Behavior Space Manager: The Server Console applies configuration to the Behavior Space Manager. 
     6. Behavior Designer=&gt;Behavior Space Manager: Behaviors are authored and passed to the BSM, where they are added to all available Behaviors. 
     7. Server Console=&gt;Web/List Server: announcement emails are authored/uploaded and edited in the Server Console, then passed to the List Server for mass mailing. 
     8. Behavior Space Manager&lt;=&gt;Profiling Service: The Behavior Space Manager performs queries on profiling data using user IDs as keys. 
     9. Behavior Space Manager&lt;=&gt;Push Server: The Push Server passes user IDs of Client Update Requests to the BSM. It maps them to Behaviors that are returned to the Push Server. 
     10. Push Server=&gt;Profiling Service: Client Log Updates from Client Loggers are sent to the Profiling Service from the Push Server. 
     11. Internet=&gt;Behavior Space Manager: Behaviors authored at the Advertisers site are sent to the BSM, where they are added to all available Behaviors, and any special rules are applied. 
     12. Internet&lt;=&gt;Push Server: The Push Server sends out Behaviors, and receives requests, and usage data. 
     13. Web Shop&lt;=&gt;Web/List Server: Web Shop URLs are produced on the fly by the Web Shop. It also accepts orders from the web server. 
     14. Web/List Server&lt;=&gt;Registration Service: This data flow is required for registration services. 
     15. Web/List Server&lt;=&gt;Internet: This data flow is required for registration services, Web Store services, and email communications. 
     ------------------------------------------------------------------- 
     Collaboration Diagrams 
     FIG.  58 : Client Update 
     The diagram shows the collaborations involved in a client update. 
     Notation 
     1. A 2-D block is a software subsystem. It shows the subsystem name. 
     2. Connections imply communications between the subsystems/devices. 
     3. Data flow symbols show the direction, and a list of the message classes that flow in the link. Each message shows its sequential order in the diagram. 
     Dynamics 
     1. The Push Client notifies the Client Logger that a client update is about to take place. It does this on schedule, and only when ‘bandwidth niceness’ permits. 
     2. The Client Logger passes the usage data to the Push Client. This is asynchronous to the rest of the process, but must happen during the client update. 
     3. The Push Client sends Client Update Request with the user ID. 
     4. The Client Update Request is received by the Push Server. 
     5. The Push Server requests a mapping from the BSM by passing it a user ID. 
     6. The BSM replies with a list of Behaviors that are fitting for the Client Installation. 
     7. The Behaviors are packaged into a Client Update Response and sent to the Push Client. 
     8. The Push Client receives the Client Update Response. 
     9. The Behaviors are sent to the LOCS after being extracted from the Client Update Response. 
     10. Asynchronous to the rest of the process, but during the Client Update, a Client Log Update is sent from the Push Client, from the usage data sent by the Client Logger. 
     11. Push Server receives the Client Log Update. 
     12. Client Log Update is sent to the Profiling Service. 
     ------------------------------------------------------------------- 
     Collaboration Diagrams 
     FIG.  52 : Playing a Game 
     The diagram shows the collaborations involved when a game is played on the Living Object. 
     Notation 
     1. A 2-D block is a software subsystem. It shows the subsystem name. 
     2. Connections imply communications between the subsystems/devices. 
     3. Data flow symbols show the direction, and a list of the message classes that flow in the link. Each message shows its sequential order in the diagram. 
     Dynamics 
     1. The Living Object notifies the LOCS of a session init event. This could be because it has sensed the Child, or because the Child initiated a session. 
     2. The LOCS and the Living Object now communicate commands and interactions, that implement the running Behavior. 
     3. During the session the Living Object passes any usage data that the running Behavior specifies to the LOCS. 
     4. The Usage Data is sent to the Client Logger. 
     5. Eventually a session exit event is raised by the Living Object. This may be because a timeout has occurred. 
     ------------------------------------------------------------------- 
     State Diagrams 
     FIG.  53 : Client Logger 
     The diagram shows the internal states and transitions at the ClientLogger subsystem. 
     Notation 
     1. A round block is a state. It shows the name of the state. 
     2. Directed connections imply a possible state transition. The text shows the condition for the transition. 
     Notes 
     There are 2 super states for the Client Logger. They are shown as two loops from the idle state. The first is initiated by the LOCS, and the second by the Push Client. 
     Having the Client Logger compute statistics at the latest possible time (when Push Client notifies it is going online), provides better accuracy. 
     ------------------------------------------------------------------- 
     State Diagrams 
     FIG.  54 : Living Object Control Software 
     The diagram shows the internal states and transitions at the LOCS. 
     Notation 
     1. A round block is a state. It shows the name of the state. 
     2. Directed connections imply a possible state transition. The text shows the condition for the transition. 
     Notes 
     Most of the time the LOCS is either idle, or running Active Behavior on Living Object. When changing Behavior, or initializing a new one, LOCS computes a new active behavior, and retrieves it from disk. When instructed to do so by the active behavior, LOCS will send any usage data to the Client Logger. 
     ------------------------------------------------------------------- 
     State Diagrams 
     FIG.  55 : Push Client 
     The diagram shows the internal states and transitions at the PushClient. 
     Notation 
     1. A round block is a state. It shows the name of the state. 
     2. Directed connections imply a possible state transition. The text shows the condition for the transition. 
     Notes 
     There are three super states at the Push Client, shown as three loops going out of the idle state. When conditions permit us to go online, a Client Update Request is sent and the Client Logger is notified to prepare any last minute statistics. When the Client Logger notifies they are ready, a Client Log Update is prepared. When Client Update Responses are received, the Client Log Update is uploaded to the Push Server. 
     Various terms used in the specification and claims are now discussed: 
     Advertisement Class; 
     A type of Behavior which was paid for by an Advertiser, but is not different in other aspect from Content.Advertiser 
     Class; 
     An organization that buys Behavior Space from the Toy Maker, and populates it with Behaviors it creates. 
     Advertising Manager Actor; 
     The member of Toy Maker or Advertiser staff ultimately responsible for a Behavior Space. Advertising Managers collaborate to split the entire Behavior Space between them. The Toy Maker Advertising Manager has supreme control over the entire Behavior Space. 
     List Server Subsystem; 
     The Living Object Server subsystem that manages mass mailings of announcements and receipts. 
     Behavior Class; 
     The smallest unit of the living object behavior published from the Behavior Designer. It defines Living Object interactivity for some period of time. A Behavior may be dependent on other Behaviors. 
     Behavior Designer Subsystem; 
     (BD) A Creator application, part of LOIS, that allows Content Creators to create interactive Behaviors. 
     Behavior Space Class; 
     An object that models a part of the entire behavior space, defined as the mapping that defines at any time and situation, what Behavior should be run at each client. Example: the Behavior Space called: ‘Young Children Afternoon’ defines what behaviors young children will receive for their afternoons. 
     Behavior Space Manager (BSM) Subsystem; 
     The software installed on the Living Object Server that manages the Toy Maker Behavior Spaces. It implements the mappings between Profiles and Behaviors (i.e. narrow-casting/personalization). 
     Behavior Subscription Class; 
     A subscription that a Parent purchases at the Web Store, or receives with a purchased Living Object. If a User is subscribed to a Behavior Subscription, then LOIS will guarantee the delivery of certain Behaviors to the subscriber. 
     Child Actor; 
     A user that interacts with a Living Object. 
     Client Access Terminal Subsystem; 
     A computer that runs the Living Object Client software. Exists in the Client Installation. 
     Client Installation Subsystem; 
     A subsystem that includes the Child, Parent, Client Access Terminal, and any number of Living Objects. 
     Client Log Update Class; 
     A message sent from the Client Logger to the Profiling Service, sent through the push software. It contains filtered usage data of the Living Object. 
     Client Logger Subsystem; 
     A client subsystem responsible for collecting usage data, and sending it to the Profiling Service, after running client side filters, and perhaps computing client side aggregate statistics. 
     Client Update Request Class; 
     A message from the Push Client to the Push Server, through the push software, with a User id. It implies the client is ready to receive a Client Update Response. 
     Client Update Response Class; 
     A message from the Push Server to the Push Client, through the push software. Contains a group of Behaviors. 
     Content Class; 
     A type of Behavior that was purchased at the Web Shop, or distributed as a customer service. 
     Content Creator Actor; 
     The member of the Toy Maker or Advertiser staff that creates Behaviors. 
     Database Server Subsystem; 
     The software that provides object and schema storage/query/management services for other Toy Maker subsystems. Runs on the Living Object Server. 
     Game Class; 
     The time between the session init notification, and the session exit notification. This is the time the Living Object recognizes the Child, and the child wants to interact. Any number of Behaviors may be run during a single game. 
     Living Object Subsystem; 
     (LO) An interactive computing device controlled by the Living Object Control Software 
     Living Object Client Subsystem; 
     The subsystem that includes all software running on a Client Access Terminal: the Client Logger, Living Object Control Software, and the Push Client. 
     Living Object Control Software Subsystem; 
     (LOCS) The software that controls the Living Object. It runs behaviors. Runs on the Client Access Terminal. 
     Living Object Internet System System; 
     (LOIS) The system that provides Toy Makers and Advertisers with effective, high-resolution control over Behavior Spaces, and the transparent publishing of the correct Behaviors to millions of subscribers. 
     Living Object Server Subsystem; 
     The subsystem that includes the Push Server, database server, Web Shop, Registration Service, Behavior Space Manager, and Profiling Service, web server, and list server. It is at the Toy Maker site. 
     Living Object Provider Software Subsystem; 
     The subsystem that includes all software running at Site Maker and Advertiser sites: Behavior Designer, Server Console, Behavior Space Manager, Profiling Service, Push Server, database server, Reporting Software, Registration Service, and Web Shop. 
     Manager Actor; 
     The member of the Toy Maker in charge of setting business policy and analyzing business performance reports. 
     Parent Actor; 
     The user that purchases, registers, and installs Living Objects, purchases subscriptions, and helps the Child. 
     Profile Class; 
     The object that models all usage and registration information concerning a User. 
     Profile Group Class; 
     A customizable set of Profiles defining a meaningful group. Example: pre-schoolers on weekdays. 
     Profiling Service Subsystem; 
     The Living Object Server subsystem that manages profiling data. Runs on the Living Object Server. 
     Push client Subsystem; 
     The software installed on the Client Access Terminal that provides push services over the Internet. 
     Push server Subsystem; 
     The software installed on the Living Object Server, and the Creator server, that provides push services over the Internet. 
     Registration Service Subsystem; 
     The software that handles user registration through the web. 
     Reporting Software Subsystem; 
     The software that generates reports and analysis from usage data generated by the Profiling Service. 
     Server Console Subsystem; 
     The end-user software used to control LOIS. Runs on the Toy Makers workstations. 
     Software Update Class; 
     A message from the Creator Server to the Push Client, through the push software. Contains updates to the Client Software. 
     Staff Workstation Subsystem; 
     A computer/s that runs the Behavior Designer/Server Console/Reporting Software, and any web development tools, at the Toy Maker or Advertiser site. 
     Toy Maker Organization; 
     An organization which sells Living Objects, and runs a subscription fee/advertisement revenue based operation, creating and distributing Behaviors. 
     User Class; 
     The object that models a Client Installation, and is persistent at the Living Object Server. 
     Web Shop Subsystem; 
     A WWW site that allows Parents and Children to browse, sample, and purchase Content. Content is purchased as a Behavior Subscription. 
     One possible implementation of a LOIS system is now described. 
     1.1. Goals of First Implementation 
     The first implementation of LOIS is targeted at toy makers, who wish to centrally manage their living toys, which are at user&#39;s homes. These are the high level goals of the project: 
     Easy installation and usage for parents and kids 
     Easy control of living object behaviors by toy makers and/or toy content providers, but with very high resolution 
     Leverage the strengths of the latest commercial push software 
     Provide a basic framework for future product plans—more specifically, it is best if we could provide a software which will not require any modifications in source code, when it is tightly integrated in the future, with the Creator software for managing the behavior tree of a living object 
     1.2. Services and Their Use Case Analysis 
     The product should provide the following services, grouped by the users targeted by the service: children, parent, and big corporations. We describe the services, and an analysis of the related use cases. 
     1.2.1. Child Services 
     The main service offered to children, who are the direct users of the living objects, is the transparent updating of object behaviors. 
     Name 
     Client side of living object update 
     Actors 
     The child is involved only in that he may trigger the use case, but there are other ways for it to be triggered. The child is the actor the use case is servicing. 
     Goal 
     That the living object be updated automatically. 
     Forces in Context 
     1) Automatic, transparent 
     2) Graceful, silent handling of errors 
     3) Error correction, guaranteed delivery 
     4) Bandwidth ‘niceness’ 
     5) Security, privacy 
     6) Several providers per toy 
     Trigger 
     Depends on exact configuration. 
     1) Generally users will configure the push client to run updates at specific intervals, so the trigger is the scheduler 
     2) Users may manually initiate a download 
     Summary 
     This use case captures the scenario where the client requests and receives a new living object update. 
     1) client asks server for new updates 
     2) new updates are sent to the client 
     3) at the end of each complete living object update, Creator software is notified 
     Pre-conditions 
     1) No download will occur if the client is completely ‘refreshed’ 
     2) The push client must be installed first 
     3) The client must be registered first 
     Post-conditions 
     1) There is now a new complete living object update on the users HD 
     2) Creator client software is notified 
     Related use cases 
     1) Registration is a requirement 
     2) Configuring the living object update process determines what is updated 
     1.2.2. Parent Services 
     Parents are responsible for all aspects of operating and updating the living object at their home, which the children cannot perform. 
     1.2.2.1. Installation 
     The product should be safe and easy to install, so parents can install new toys painlessly. 
     Name 
     Installation of push client 
     Actors 
     Parent 
     Goal 
     That the push client be installed correctly, so that registration can commence. 
     Forces in Context 
     1) Installshield type installation 
     2) There could have been previous installation, i.e. this could be a 2nd, 3rd, etc. living object 
     3) There are several different types of win32 OSs 
     4) The client itself must look unique and reflect some corporate identity, definitely not the 3rd party push software maker identity 
     Trigger 
     User manually starts the installation process from CD, or from a downloaded file 
     Summary 
     This use case captures the first, and later installations of the LOIS client. 
     1) User is asked several configuration parameters, or if this is not a first toy, old parameters are used 
     2) User advances to the registration use case 
     Pre-conditions 
     User downloaded the package, or has a CD 
     Post-conditions 
     Everything is setup for registration 
     Related use cases 
     1) Registration should follow immediately, or be deferred to a later time at the users convenience 
     1.2.2.2. Registration 
     These services include everything involving registration and billing. 
     Name 
     Registration 
     Actors 
     Parent 
     Goal 
     That the specific living object, recently purchased, be registered at the central database, or that information previously entered in registration be modified 
     Forces in Context 
     1) Should be similar in feel (to the user) to web site registrations 
     2) Security, privacy 
     3) The exact nature of the registration info connected is not fixed, and is determined by the big corporation 
     4) Layout and styling are important 
     5) There is probably required, and optional registration information 
     6) Changing registration information should be the same type of experience for the user 
     7) There is some information which needs to be passed to the server which should not be generated manually, but which is burnt on the installation CDROM 
     Trigger 
     1) User has completed the installation of push client, and moves on to registration immediately or at a later time 
     2) User wishes to refresh any of his registration attributes 
     Summary 
     This use case captures the scenario where the user registers, or modifies his registration information. 
     1) User is taken to the registration web site automatically 
     2) User fills in form, or changes a form with existing values 
     3) User submit form 
     4) If form is complete user is shown a thank 
     5) User is emailed a receipt 
     Pre-conditions 
     That the push client be installed 
     Post-conditions 
     Living object is now registered, user has received receipt 
     Related use cases 
     1) Installation of push client should be completed 
     2) Configuring the registration process determines the specifics of the process 
     Name 
     Reviewing billing information 
     Actors 
     Parent 
     Goal 
     That the actor be able to review his billing status anytime, i.e. his subscriptions, history etc. 
     Forces in Context 
     1) Should be a simple web page 
     2) Should include the option to communicate with technical, and billing support of the big corporation 
     3) Security, privacy 
     4) Support of multiple currencies 
     Trigger 
     User initializes the use case by going to a secure URL. This may be done by clicking the ‘review billing’ button in the push client, or on the big corporations web site 
     Summary 
     This use case captures the scenario where the user checks his billing status 
     1) User logs in to the billing page 
     2) All information is displayed on one page 
     3) User may cancel any outstanding subscriptions 
     4) User may contact billing or technical support through the page 
     Pre-conditions 
     That the user have at least one living object installed and registered 
     Post-conditions 
     User is now aware of the exact details concerning any billing she was involved with 
     Related use cases 
     1) Registration should have been completed 
     1.2.2.3. Buying Behaviors 
     This service allows parents to purchase subscriptions, behaviors, and groups of living object behaviors, over a secure web store front. 
     Name 
     Buying behaviors 
     Actors 
     Parent 
     Goal 
     That the actor be able to purchase behaviors for his living object 
     Forces in Context 
     1) Security, privacy 
     2) Should have the look and feel of normal web store fronts 
     3) Behaviors might be available as a single update, subscription, or a group of updates 
     4) Support of multiple currencies 
     Trigger 
     User may reach the web store though the big corporations web site, by clicking on a ‘check out new behaviors’ button in the push client, or by interacting with the living object 
     Summary 
     This use case captures the scenario where the user buys behaviors. 
     1) User logs in to the web store 
     2) User surfs the store, and adds to shopping bag wanted items 
     3) User is presented with billing information 
     4) User reviews billing, and once she approves the central server is notified about a change in policy concerning the user 
     Pre-conditions 
     That the user have at least one living object installed and registered 
     Post-conditions 
     Server should now attempt to push the new behaviors to the user 
     Related use cases 
     1) Registration should have been completed 
     1.2.3. Big Corporation Services 
     The focus of the initial implementation is providing useful services to big corporations. The goal of these services is to allow them to provide constantly updating behaviors for the home users living objects, to make sure that the behaviors match the home user preferences, and to sell behaviors over the Internet. Several types of services are required to support these goals. We do not examine the ‘install server software’ use case, since it is assumed that Creator technical personnel will perform this task. 
     1.2.3.1. Control Over Narrow-Casting 
     We preferably provide the services to allow the big corporations extra-fine resolution control over personalization aspects of the living object updates process, so that they can effectively narrow-cast to the individual users. Another very important requirement of these services, is that they scale to 100,000 users. 
     Name 
     Configuring the registration process 
     Actors 
     Big corporation 
     Goal 
     That the actor be able to configure the registration process 
     Forces in Context 
     1) Security 
     2) Corporation wants to know as much as possible about users 
     3) Corporations don&#39;t want users to be totally aware of item 2 
     4) Corporations want to layout and style the process to their liking 
     5) Each corporation requires different registration information 
     6) There are some universally common aspects of such questionnaires, such as ‘user name’, ‘user email’, etc. Thus we can give the users a jump start by providing several default questionnaires 
     Trigger 
     Big corporations have a button which takes them to the web page which configures the process 
     Summary 
     This use case captures the scenario where the user determines the specifics of registration 
     1) User adds/removes an existing question from the registration form 
     2) User edits an existing question: is it optional or required? What is its text? Is it a choice question, or a text box? Must it be numeric? 
     3) User can loop back to step 1 
     4) User designs an HTML template for the questionnaire, starting from the automatically generated template defined by the registration details 
     Pre-conditions 
     That the big corporation server software is installed 
     Post-conditions 
     Big corporation now has a registration web page for its users of living objects 
     Related use cases 
     1) The Registration is determined by the results of this use case 
     2) Configuring the living object update process uses the registration information 
     Name 
     Gathering user profiling data 
     Actors 
     Big corporation server 
     Goal 
     That the actor be able to automatically gather all profiling data, and place it in the correct context, i.e. the user object which represents the user generating the data 
     Forces in Context 
     1) Privacy 
     2) Corporation wants to know as much as possible about users 
     3) Corporations don&#39;t want users to be totally aware of item 2 
     4) Profiling data may come from: server logs of behavior downloads, living objects, registration, purchases of behaviors 
     5) This data may be potentially huge, we must allow some filtering, compression, or summaries to control the volume 
     6) The data must be placed in the correct context in the central database to support analysis 
     Trigger 
     1) Server registers a download 
     2) Living object sends profiling data 
     3) Registration data has been accepted 
     4) A purchase in the web store has occurred 
     Summary 
     This use case captures the scenario where the server automatically gathers and sorts profiling data from a variety of sources. It is an automated process, where the user can only control which data is gathered (should be all by default), i.e. there is a form with checkboxes where the user may stop the server from gathering data from a specific aspect of the system 
     Pre-conditions 
     That registration be configured 
     Post-conditions 
     Big corporation now has all possible data about all its users 
     Related use cases 
     1) The Configuring the registration process use case determines which data is available from registration 
     2) The Server side of update process use case contributes data 
     3) The Handle the server side of a purchase use case contributes data 
     Name 
     Configuring the living object update process 
     Actors 
     Big corporation 
     Goal 
     That the actor be able to configure the living object update 
     Forces in Context 
     1) Security 
     2) Corporation want to match users with behaviors according to their ideas of ‘match’ 
     3) Corporations can have very different ideas on what ‘match’ means exactly 
     4) There is something in common among all ‘match’ ideas, namely that they can be best described as a vector of rules, and several rules which probably everybody will use, such as: ‘decide by age’, ‘decide by subscription information’, ‘decide by locale’, etc. 
     5) The match should be made (if needed) against all available profile data 
     6) Non-technical users should be able to configure a pretty good update process using rules which we should provide in the base package 
     7) Each living object should have its own set of configured rules 
     8) There are several views (by profile, toy, living object update) for designing an update process, users want to be able to choose 
     Trigger 
     Big corporations have a button which takes them to the web page which configures the process 
     Summary 
     This use case captures the scenario where the user determines the specifics of the living object update process. Here is an example: 
     1) User chooses a specific living object to configure 
     2) User adds/removes rules from the process. Rules are chosen from available rule classes 
     3) User modifies existing rules. Each available rule class has configuration parameters 
     4) User rearranges, copies and pastes rules 
     5) User can loop back to step 2 
     6) User tests the update process she has configured for the living object, and views prototypical results 
     Pre-conditions 
     1) That the living object has been defined in the central server 
     2) That registration format is configured 
     Post-conditions 
     Big corporation now has a configured living object update process which will manifest itself in every update 
     Related use cases 
     1) Add new living object updates is a requirement 
     1.2.3.2. 
     Name 
     Server side of update process 
     Actors 
     Big corporation server 
     Goal 
     That the actor be able to implement the update process previously defined 
     Forces in Context 
     1) Security, privacy 
     2) There could be up to 100,000 users, where 100s of them are updating at once 
     3) Servers are expensive, so the process should be optimal as can be 
     4) Corporations should be able to increase their load capacity in a scalable manner, i.e. without a lot of work 
     5) The update process itself could have been configured in any number of ways 
     6) We must log everything 
     7) The process could be interrupted while running (e.g. user disconnects, etc.) so saving exact state is important 
     8) There has to be built in default behavior when overloaded, so we never end up in a limbo state 
     Trigger 
     LOIS push client connects to the server and requests an update 
     Summary 
     This use case captures the scenario where the server is refreshing the clients 
     1) Server receives an update request 
     2) Server runs through the rules configured earlier, resulting in any number of updates which are now to be passed to the client 
     3) Server passes updates to the client 
     Pre-conditions 
     1) That registered clients exist 
     2) That the living object update process has been completely defined 
     Post-conditions 
     Clients have been updated, or have been partially updated 
     Related use cases 
     1) Add new living object updates is a requirement 
     2) Configuring the living object update process is a requirement 
     1.2.3.3. Control Over Living Object Behavior Database 
     The goal of these services is to allow the big corporations to create an easy to manage, large store of behaviors for living objects. 
     Name 
     Add new living object to the database 
     Actors 
     Big corporation 
     Goal 
     That the actor be able to add new living objects to the living objects database on the server 
     Forces in Context 
     1) Security 
     2) Living objects can be very different from each other 
     3) There is much that all living objects share—they are all controlled by many living object updates, but only one at a time 
     Trigger 
     Actor pushes a button which takes him to the ‘add living object’ wizard 
     Summary 
     This use case captures the scenario where the actor tells the system that it must recognize a new living object 
     1) User fills in the minimum details needed to define a new living object 
     2) Server creates a new object modeling the living object 
     Pre-conditions 
     That the big corporation server software is installed 
     Post-conditions 
     The server is now aware of the new living object 
     Related use cases 
     1) Add new living object updates is the next logical step 
     Name 
     Add new living object updates 
     Actors 
     Big corporation and their advertisers 
     Goal 
     That the actor be able to add new living objects updates to the server 
     Forces in Context 
     1) Security 
     2) There can be many types of updates: text, scripts, multimedia, executables, etc. 
     3) This is one the most common processes, so it should be as streamlined as possible 
     4) This is the simplest place to interface between Creator written software which produces behavior packs 
     5) This may be done at different places in the Internet 
     Trigger 
     Actor pushes a button which takes him to the ‘add living object update’ wizard 
     Summary 
     This use case captures the scenario where the actor tells the system that to add a new living object update to a specific living object 
     1) User chooses a living object 
     2) User uploads the update package 
     3) Server should notify all relevant observing objects of this new update 
     Pre-conditions 
     1) That the living object has been defined in the central server 
     2) That the actor has specific files from which to create the living object update. The creation of these updates is beyond the scope of this document 
     Post-conditions 
     The server is now aware of the new living object update, and it will be available in the web store, rules manager, and analysis subsystems 
     Related use cases 
     1) Add new living object to the database is a requirement 
     1.2.3.4. 
     Name 
     Manage living object updates 
     Actors 
     Big corporation 
     Goal 
     That the actor be able to manage living object updates 
     Forces in Context 
     1) Security 
     2) There can be many types of updates: text, scripts, multimedia, executables, etc. 
     3) This is one the most common processes, so it should be as streamlined as possible 
     4) There could be hundreds of living object updates, so users must be able to quickly find the update they need to manage 
     5) We have no capability to manage the internals of an update pack, but it is important to provide a basis for interfacing with Creator software in this use case 
     Trigger 
     Actor pushes a button which takes him to the ‘manage living object update’ wizard 
     Summary 
     This use case captures the scenario where the actor tells the system that to remove a living object update, change its properties, or replace it by another update 
     1) User chooses a living object 
     2) User chooses a living object update 
     3) User removes the living object update or edits its properties or replaces it by another she has previously prepared 
     Pre-conditions 
     That the living object update has been defined in the central server 
     Post-conditions 
     The living object is now different in one update from what it was 
     Related use cases 
     1) Add new living object updates is a requirement 
     1.2.3.5. Control over the Web Behaviors Store 
     Corporations want to make money selling behaviors on the web. This means they need a tool to create and manage a store of behaviors. 
     Name 
     Layout and style the web behaviors store 
     Actors 
     Big corporation 
     Goal 
     That the actor be able to determine what the store where living object updates are sold in will look like 
     Forces in Context 
     1) Security 
     2) Big corporations want their stores to look unique 
     3) There is much in common among all stores: they are basically a searchable, easy to navigate catalog 
     4) Thus we can provide default templates 
     5) The templates must be simple to work with, with only HTML knowledge as a requirement 
     6) Users will want to integrate the store with the rest of their WWW infosystem 
     7) Users might already (and probably will already) have some kind of store, billing system, etc. of their own, as part of their web site 
     Trigger 
     Actor pushes a button which takes him to the ‘style the web behaviors store’ wizard 
     Summary 
     This use case captures the scenario where the actor manages all aspects of the web store 
     1) User chooses a page in the store, i.e. search results page, product page, etc. 
     2) User chooses a template 
     3) User reviews the effect of the template on the system by previewing 
     4) User replaces the current template with the new one and submits the change 
     Pre-conditions 
     1) That living object updates are configured 
     2) That users have HTML files to use as templates for the store. Note that these could have originated from our default templates, or they could have been written according to our documentation 
     Post-conditions 
     The store is now styled according to the users preferences 
     Related use cases 
     1) Manage living object updates is where big corporations determine prices, subscription information, etc. for living object updates 
     2) Handle the server side of a purchase is where the server interpolates the store templates into complete HTML pages sent to the users web browser 
     1.2.3.6. 
     Name 
     Handle the server side of a purchase 
     Actors 
     Big corporation server 
     Goal 
     That the actor be able to respond correctly to web orders of living object updates, and to page requests for the catalog 
     Forces in Context 
     1) Security 
     2) Many users could purchase at once, probably 100s 
     3) Billing, taxes 
     Trigger 
     Web browser client enters the store and starts interacting with it 
     Summary 
     This is just a normal web store process, like many others 
     Pre-conditions 
     1) That templates for the web store are configured 
     2) That living object updates exist 
     3) That registered users exist 
     Post-conditions 
     The purchase is logged, billing details updated, living object update 
     Related use cases 
     1) Layout and style the web behaviors store is where big corporations determine what the HTML pages will look like 
     2) Manage living object updates is where big corporations determine prices, subscription information, etc. for living object updates 
     1.2.3.7. Control Over Users 
     Corporations require a group of services that allow them to manage the user database and related information: billing and profiling data. 
     Name 
     Manage users 
     Actors 
     Big corporation 
     Goal 
     That the actor be able to manually control the user database 
     Forces in Context 
     1) Security 
     2) 100,000 users 
     3) Big corporations have people who can work with RDBMSs through Access 
     4) Our users are objects which need to encapsulate many different types of information, which we cannot know in advance. This includes all profiling data 
     Trigger 
     Actor presses button which takes him to the user management application 
     Summary 
     This is just a normal add/delete/modify type of use case 
     Pre-conditions 
     That users were registered 
     Post-conditions 
     User objects have been modified 
     Related use cases 
     1) Configuring the registration process determines a lot of the properties of the corporations user object 
     2) Almost every other use case dumps logs into the user object 
     1.2.3.8. Analysis Services 
     To help them in decision such as: ‘what type of behaviors should we create today?’ and in other decisions, big corporations require analysis of usage patterns and profiles. These services allow them to generate and view reports. 
     Name 
     Analyzing usage 
     Actors 
     Big corporation 
     Goal 
     That the actor be able to generate and view sophisticated reports about system usage 
     Forces in Context 
     1) Big data 
     2) Corporations have standard report formats and tools 
     3) We cannot know in advance ALL the report types needed, but we can assume that several will definitely be needed 
     Trigger 
     Ad management exec from Disney starts the reporting tool 
     Summary 
     This depends on the tool used. Generally it should be: 
     1) Define a time period 
     2) Define a segment of users 
     3) Run a query on them, refine 
     4) Put query results in template and send to manager 
     Pre-conditions 
     1) That there is usage data in the database 
     Post-conditions 
     A report has been generated 
     Related use cases 
     1) Server side of update process is where the data we post-process here gets created 
     2) Gathering user profiling data also determines what gets logged 
     A preferred LOIS Advertising system is now described. 
     1) Segmentation 
     Through television advertisers can reach segments of the population defined by constraints like: 
     5-9 year old females that watch TV on weekday afternoons 
     The content provider at the TV station airs a show that is known to attract that kind of viewing audience, and sells it to an interested advertiser. There are several unsolvable problems in this system: The segmentation is never accurate, the advertiser is limited to very simple constraints, effective market feedback is not immediate, and the advertiser cannot choose the time at which the ad will air. In LOIS there are constraints like: 
     8 year old males that like sci-fi stuff 
     8 year old males that like fantasy stuff 
     8 year old males that like military stuff 
     That allow for very accurate targeting. Since children are quite different from each other, advertisers can now construct accurate campaigns. The LOIS Behavior Space management system allows advertisers to: 
     Create campaigns with arbitrarily complex segmentation 
     Control campaigns in real-time in very high resolution 
     Collect accurate reports automatically 
     Choose any time of the day for their advertisement 
     LOIS supports of course the classical matching of advertisement to content type. The toy maker may sell slots inside subscription/free content to advertisers, as in TV/radio/web. 
     2) Content vs. Advertisements 
     Behaviors decompose into Content and Advertisements. Parents and Children will not be aware of this decomposition. The behaviors they receive contain no information about it. This is just like TV. Broadcast technology is transparent to the insides of what is being aired. Video editing software is aware of the distinction. It might provide special tools for composing video from ads and content. The LOIS design is similar. At the Toy Maker and Advertiser sites content is distinct from advertisements: different logs are kept for each, content is usually purchased as a Behavior Subscription while advertisements are not, and other differences. But this information never enters the Toy Maker&lt;=&gt;Client Installations extranet. This does not mean that children and parents will never know what is an ad and what is content. Television stations choose (mostly) to tell viewers when switching between the two. It is considered appropriate, and is also considered the Right Thing(r) in the LOIS context. Toy Makers and Advertisers may agree to more subtle forms of advertisement, but these cannot be too subtle, or they will annoy parents and children. 
     One embodiment of a LOIS system is now described: 
     Living Objects™ Internet Services (LOIS) is the general name for a group of software products that are a part of the broad family of Creator&#39;s Living Objects(tm) technology. Like the entire family, LOIS is an enabling technology. LOIS enables Creator&#39;s customers to establish Sophisticated Internet services. LOIS is offered by Creator to its customers for two obvious reasons: 
     To help the customers develop effective services easily and reliably. 
     To help Creator establish its leadership and competitive advantage in the market. 
     There are two types of LOIS products designed to serve two types of applications (and markets): 
     INTERNET services for vendors selling consumer products such as toys and smart home appliances. 
     INTRANET services for operators of entertainment and shopping sites. 
     Both products are made of two parts: a server product and a client product. There is plenty of products to enable companies to develop and provide various types of Internet services. Creator do not intend to compete with these products and LOIS is designed to complement the available product with features that are not available elsewhere. 
     2.1. The Internet Advantage 
     In Intranet applications of Living Objects the client side, namely the PC, runs several programs concurrently. Each of these programs control one or more devices such as toys or smart home appliances. These devices and their control programs may be from different vendors. Therefore this situation is named “Multi Vendor Environment”. To enable all these programs to share the required peripherals such as the radio base station, the computer screen and the Internet Creator provides the Executive. The Executive program is responsible to run the control program and provide them with all the necessary peripheral services including Internet access. 
     2.2. The Intranet Advantage 
     Living Objects Intranet Services are implemented in large sites with several radio base stations in radio communication with many Living Objects. Each radio base station covers a part of the site and the living Objects are mobile throughout the site. Therefore the Living Objects may roam between the radio base stations conserving continuous communication with the central computer. This situation is unique for Intranet application and is not supported by available Intranet software packages. 
     2.3. The LOIS Advantage 
     An advantage of LOIS that is common to all applications is the LOIS SDK. This part of the SDK product enables Creator&#39;s customers to develop, quickly, inexpensively and reliably, sophisticated applications for the Living Objects technology. The LOIS SDK integrates between available development tools for Internet applications and the special features and requirements of the other Living Objects products. 
     3. The Invention Definition 
     The Living Objects™ Internet Services (LOIS) is a software product, a member of the Living Objects™ family of products from Creator. Living Objects is a group of enabling technologies that enable easy development of “robots” with the capability of natural interaction with humans. The Living Objects is a family of products, including hardware, control software, application software development kit and the Internet server software. Living Objects is oriented for diverse markets. The primary markets are: 
     Toys 
     Smart home 
     Amusement parks 
     Retail outlets-Point of Sale 
     Living Objects technology is marketed by Creator to vendors of finished products to these markets. The vendors use the Living Objects technology to develop sophisticated products for their markets. 
     The Living Objects Internet Server is used in two circumstances: 
     By vendors of finished products to provide services over the Internet to their customers. 
     By operators (of amusement parks, retail outlets, etc.) to communicate between their sites. 
     Typical Internet based services are: 
     Customer support/central sites administration. 
     Distribution of system software updates. 
     Marketing of new software products. 
     Central management and distribution of personal/site information. 
     Research and analysis of the usage of system features and preferences by end-users 
     Advertising 
     The Living Objects Internet Server enables the vendors and the operators to establish their Internet service easily, reliably and fast. 
     4. Creator&#39;s Goals 
     LOIS is developed in anticipation of the future competition to Creator&#39;s Living Objects. Creator&#39;s plan is to secure its leading position as a supplier of “Living Objects” technology by providing the market with the best offering in three aspects: 
     Cost mainly the cost of the hardware 
     Sophistication mainly the sophistication of the application development tools 
     Breath of the family of the Living Objects products 
     The use of the Internet to provide some kind of service to products related to computers and software is very common today, if not essential. Therefore, Creator assumes that vendors and operators of products based on the Living Toys technology will seek ways to provide services over the Internet to their clients (vendors) or sites (operators). Offering an Internet solution as a part of the Living Objects family creates a definite marketing advantage. 
     The Living Objects Internet Server serves the following goals for Creator: 
     Competitive Advantage 
     Captive Customers 
     Market Information 
     Revenues and Profits Though LOIS is an accessory product in the Living Objects family, it is regarded as a profit center and it is expected to provide about 10% of the total revenues of the Living Objects family. 
     5. Perceived Customers&#39; Objectives 
     5.1. Objectives of Toy Vendors 
     The Living Object technology is based on the concept of a toy (one or more) in radio communication with a near-by personal computer that controls the toy(s). The personal computer may be in continuous or dial-up communication with the Internet Server of the manufacturer of the toy(s). Toy vendors will purchase LOIS and use it for the following reasons: 
     Customer support 
     Increase sales through on-line sales 
     Split software sales (previews, complete product, updates &amp; extensions) 
     Fan club subscriptions 
     On-line games 
     Electronic coupons 
     Advertising 
     Collecting and analyzing buying patterns and users&#39; demographics 
     5.2. Objectives of Smart Home Vendors 
     Customer support 
     Maintain brand name and customer loyalty 
     Electronic coupons 
     Advertising 
     Collecting and analyzing buying patterns and users&#39; demographics 
     5.3. Objectives of Amusement Parks Operators 
     Site support 
     Inter-site communication 
     Inter-site visitor identification 
     Fan club subscriptions 
     Home and on-line games 
     Electronic coupons 
     Advertising 
     Collecting and analyzing buying patterns and users&#39; demographics 
     5.4. Objectives of Retail Operators 
     Site support 
     Inter-site communication 
     Inter-site client identification 
     Maintain client loyalty through buyers clubs 
     Increase sales through on-line sales 
     Electronic coupons 
     Advertising 
     Collecting and analyzing buying patterns and users&#39; demographics 
     6. System Architecture 
     LOIS is made of two main parts: the server side and the client side, in two basic configurations: 
     Internet or Server/Client 
     Typical of the toys and the smart home markets, the client software resides in a personal computer in occasional communication with the server. 
     Intranet or Server/Node 
     Typical of the amusement parks and the retail outlets markets, the client software resides in the site&#39;s central computer, acting as an Intranet node in continuous communication with the server. 
     It is noted that vendors of products to the toys market and the smart home market may also use the Server-Node configuration to communicate with retail outlets and that operators of amusement parks and retail outlets may also use the Server-Client configuration to communicate with their customers at home. 
     The rest of this document is dedicated to Internet-Server/Client configuration and the toys and smart homes applications. 
     6.1. Client Architecture 
     6.1.1. Operating System Support 
     LOIS client software should be able to run on all the following platforms. 
     Windows 95 (windows 98) 
     Windows NT Client 
     Windows CE 
     Macintosh 
     Java/NC 
     It is expected that a pure Java based software will be able to run on all these platforms. 
     6.1.2. Multi-Vendor Environment 
     Creator sells technology to its customers. The customers uses the technology to develop devices (toys, smart home appliances, etc.) and the PC software to run them. The most basic situation is where there is one device and one program to control it. A multi device environment is when there are several devices controlled by a single program. A multi-program environment is when there are several devices that are controlled by several different programs. On one hand all the programs run independently, on the other hand all the programs access the same Computer Radio Interface (CRI, also named Radio Hub or Radio Base Station). This creates a complicated situation that requires a sophisticated mechanism to support it. The most complicated situation is when there are several programs from several vendors running concurrently on the same PC controlling different devices. This may be common with toys and a must with smart home appliances. 
     Internet applications creates an even more complicated multi-vendor environment. LOIS must support the situation where there are several programs, some of them of different vendors, trying to access several different web-sites. 
     There are two basic possibilities to support multi-vendor environment: 
     Cooperation Tools 
     The control software packages are self-contained and independent of each other. Creator provides its customers with a piece of software that is incorporated into the vendor&#39;s software package. This piece of software enables cooperation between several programs to perform concurrent access to shared peripherals such as the CRI and the Internet. All access requests by control programs to shared peripherals are performed by a call to the Cooperation Tool. The tools linked to the various programs are able to cooperate between themselves and provide concurrent access to the required peripheral. 
     Common Executive 
     Creator provides an Executive program that launches an runs all the control programs. All access requests to shared peripherals are submitted by the control programs to the Executive and by the executive to the required peripheral. 
     A further requirement is that LOIS do not interfere with the operation of any common manual browser and other Internet software products such as “push technology”, Internet-Telephony, etc. 
     The Executive approach is the common solution (the operating system solution). It is simpler to support coordination between programs b means of an executive. It is also easier to support downgrade compatibility (where new program can enjoy new features while old programs can still run). The Executive approach has a significant marketing power for Creator. This advantage to Creator may intimidate large vendors. 
     6.1.3. Dialer Support 
     The client software is able of creating an Internet connection automatically. Therefore the client software is able of launching the Internet dialer and performing all the required actions (such as password entry) to establish the connection to the Internet Service Provider (ISP). Since there are many ISPs and many dialers the client software is able to adapt itself automatically to the Internet environment of the user. 
     A preferred Advertising Distribution And Management (ADAM) system for a Living Objects Internet Services (LOIS) system is now described: 
     The Invention 
     Providing means for the placement of advertising via computerized toys and dolls. These means enable: 
     Advertising via a character that is friendly with the target audience 
     Sharply focused target audience 
     Customizing the advertising content to the user (sex, age, location, preferences) 
     Providing varying advertising content to the same user, thus avoiding boredom. 
     Sharing advertising space between advertisers 
     Customizing the advertising to the situation, such as time of day, day of the week 
     Providing advertising that changes and develops with time 
     Changing the advertising after the toy or the doll are sold to the user 
     Overview of the System 
     (From now on the term toy refers to toys and dolls in general) 
     Living Objects™ (LO) is a technology that enables the implementation of toys that are controlled by a computer, specifically a regular home computer. The toys are able to play sophisticated games with their users, effectively imitating human behavior. The user is able to interact with the toy on human terms and the toy is able to adopt the game content to the particular requirement of the user at that time. 
     The games are implemented as software programs that are executed by the computer. Game software can be distributed bundled with the toy or separately, as an after-market product. Games can be developed by the vendor of the toy or by an independent game developer, for toys available in the market. Games are typically distributed by means of computer diskettes and CD-ROMs. 
     The toys can provide advertising content to the user, mainly by verbal means. Advertising space can be used by the vendors of the toys and the game software to promote their own products and services or can be sold by the vendors to other parties. 
     The computer can connected to the Internet and via the Internet to various Internet sites (web sites). The primary reason to connect to the Internet is to download upgrades of system software from Creator&#39;s web site and updates of game software from the vendor&#39;s sites. This mechanism can serve also to distribute and download advertising content. The advertising Internet sites can be Creator&#39;s web site, sites of the toys and game vendors and sites (of advertising companies) that specialize in the distribution of advertising content to Living Object toys. 
     Advertising content is primarily sound, namely verbal content with or without music and associated motion (e.g. song and dance). Advertising items can be placed before, after or within specific games or independently. 
     ADAM for LOIS Topology and Configuration 
     ADAM for LOIS consists of four main subsystems: 
     Living Object User System 
     The Living Object User System is the infrastructure software (and hardware) that enables the computer to execute the game software and control the Living Object toys. The Living Object User System contains the LOIS Client software that enables the computer to connect to the Internet and to the sites of the various vendors and communicate with them as needed. ADAM User Client is a software module that enable the computer to exchange advertising data and content with the Internet sites. 
     Vendor&#39;s LOIS Server 
     Vendor&#39;s LOIS Server is a Creator&#39;s product, provided to Creator&#39;s customers (developers and distributors of Living Object toys and games) to enable them to maintain continuous connection with their clients. The Vendor LOIS Server is a software package for an Internet Server that communicates with the LOIS User Client software. The ADAM module for the Vendor LOIS Server supports all the communication needs and programming facilities required to distribute advertising through the Internet. 
     Advertiser&#39;s ADAM Client 
     The Advertiser ADAM Client is a software program that enables an advertiser to communicate with various LOIS servers and their ADAM modules and: 
     Research and select the appropriate advertising vehicles (namely toys and games in the market). 
     Prepare the advertising content in the appropriate format 
     Distribute the advertising content to the appropriate LOIS Servers 
     Further control the advertising process 
     The Advertiser ADAM Client can be used by the vendor to design and implement advertising of other products and by other advertisers (or advertising agencies) to distribute advertising content through Vendor LOIS Servers. Advertisers that are not vendors can have their own LOIS Servers to distribute advertising content but it is unlikely that the users&#39; LOIS (ADAM) Client will initiate contact directly to advertisers&#39; sites. 
     Creator&#39;s LOIS Server 
     Creator&#39;s LOIS Server supports the entire LOIS network and particularly the ADAM application. Creator&#39;s web site provides software upgrades and support to all the other three entities: the users, the vendors and the advertisers. 
     ADAM Properties 
     ADAM is a unique mechanism for advertising. ADAM collects detailed information about each and every user. This information is gathered by the user system and communicated to the vendor&#39;s server. The advertiser can therefore send the advertisement to an accurately focused audience. The advertiser can associate the advertisement with specific situations such as specific game situations (discussing cloths) or environmental situations (wake-up, dinner). An advertising can presented to different users at different situations. All this is provided and managed by means of a distributed database of the following data objects, communicated and processed by the four subsystems of the ADAM for LOIS system. 
     It is appreciated that the software components of the present invention may, if desired, be implemented in ROM (read-only memory) form. The software components may, generally, be implemented in hardware, if desired, using conventional techniques. 
     It is appreciated that the particular embodiment described in the Appendices is intended only to provide an extremely detailed disclosure of the present invention and is not intended to be limiting. 
     Reference is now made to FIG. 59 which is a simplified semi-pictorial semi-block diagram illustration of a toy/marketing system constructed and operative in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the toy communicating directly with a network such as the Internet, an intranet or a LAN. 
     The toy/marketing system of FIG. 1 includes a toy  1100  having associated therewith, e.g. at least partly embedded therewithin, a network controller  1110  operative to: 
     a. Communicate via a network  1115  with a motivational content provider  1120  also associated with the network. This communication may employ any suitable protocol such as plain ASCII, mixed analog and digital, full digital, electronic mail messaging, Internet WWW (world wide web) site access, Internet FTP (file transfer protocol), Internet chat, Internet telephony (VOIP—voice over IP (Internet protocol)). Electronic mail messaging may include transferring audible content e.g. as an attachment. 
     b. Control all peripheral components within the toy such as microphones  1140 , loudspeaker  1150 , motors  1160 , lightbulbs  1170 , proximity sensor  1175 , and/or switches  1180 . Many other peripheral components, such as but not limited to motion sensors, light sensors, solenoids, and the like, may be provided; and 
     c. Process motivational content received from the provider  1120  which typically comprises a conventional network server. 
     The term “motivational content” is intended to include any message or other meaningful content which is designed to motivate a recipient of the message or content to perform an action which is desirable to the originator or provider of the message or meaningful content. For example, the following motivational message is operative to motivate a child to switch on a television show, thereby exposing the child to educational or commercial content which is desirable from the point of view of the originator or provider of the message: 
     “Yoohoo! Stuart! it&#39;s time to watch our favorite television show. Please turn the TV on to channel 7.” 
     FIG. 60 is a simplified block diagram of a preferred implementation of the network controller of FIG. 59 which may reside entirely interiorly of the toy body  1100 . 
     FIG. 61 is a simplified semi-pictorial semi-block diagram illustration of a toy/marketing system constructed and operative in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the toy  1100  communicating with the Internet  1115  via a household computer  1200  connected to the toy by wire. In the embodiment of FIG. 61, preferably, most of the software operating the computer networked controller  1210 , such as software performing functions (a)-(c) listed above, resides in the computer  1200  rather than interiorly of the toy  1100 . 
     FIG. 62 is a simplified block diagram of a preferred analog implementation of the computer networked controller of FIG.  61  and its audio communication link to the household computer. In FIG. 62, as well as in FIGS. 63 and 64, the computer  1200  operates the peripheral components of the toy  1100  via the computer networked controller  1210  by sending commands to the microprocessor  1220  which in turn actuates the designated peripheral components via an appropriate one of interfaces  1230 - 1260 . In the embodiment of FIG. 62, the commands are sent via the MIDI port  1270  of the computer  1200  and audio content is sent to the speaker  1150  and is received from the microphones  1140  in analog mode via the analog output and input of the computer&#39;s sound board. 
     FIG. 63 is a simplified block diagram of a preferred digital implementation of the computer networked controller of FIG.  61  and its audio communication link to the household computer. In FIG. 63, unlike in FIG. 62, the computer  1200  sends both commands and audio content in digital form via its serial or parallel ports. 
     FIG. 64 is a variation on the apparatus of FIG. 63 in which the computer networked controller of FIG. 61 is disposed adjacently to the computer rather than being disposed adjacently to the toy. In FIG. 64, the computer network controller  1210  is attached to the serial or parallel port of the computer  1200  and is connected by wires  1300  to connector  1310  in the toy  1100 . The audio content and control (analog equivalent of commands) are both transmitted to the speakers  1150  and other actuating peripherals, and from the microphones  1140  and other sensing peripherals, as analog signals. 
     FIG. 65 is a simplified semi-pictorial semi-block diagram illustration of a toy/marketing system constructed and operative in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the toy  1100  communicating with the Internet  1115  via a household computer  1200  connected wirelessly to the toy  1100 . Transceiver  1320  may be connected to the computer  1200  via the sound board as shown in FIG. 62, or alternatively to the serial or parallel ports as shown in FIG.  63 . Audio communication between the transceiver  1320  and the wireless controller  1330  residing within the doll  1100  may be in analog mode or in digital mode. 
     FIG. 66 is a simplified block diagram of a preferred implementation of wireless controller  1330  and of transceiver  1320 , both of FIG. 65, the transceiver  1320  being connected to the computer  1200  via its MIDI connector  1270  and its audio connectors  1280 ; 
     FIG. 67 is a simplified block diagram of a preferred implementation of wireless controller  1330  and of transceiver  1320 , both of FIG. 65, the transceiver  1320  being connected to the computer  1200  via its serial or parallel ports  1290 ; 
     FIG. 68 is a simplified flowchart illustration of a preferred method of operation of the network controller  1110  of FIG. 1, or alternatively of computer  1200  of FIG.  61 . As shown, the network controller  1110  or computer  1200  preferably initially loads a user&#39;s profile and related behaviors from storage memory. The storage/memory is typically either the disk of the PC in PC based configurations of FIGS. 61-67, or the memory  1225  of the network controller  1110  of FIG.  60 . 
     The network controller  1110  or computer  1200  are operative in conjunction with either a fixed or a dial-up connection to the network. If the connection is a dial-up connection, the network controller or computer preferably initially dials up and connects to the motivational content provider  1120  via the network  1115 . The controller or computer then uploads properties and a log file. 
     The term “properties” refers to information describing characteristics of the toy  1100  (“persona”) and of the end-user/s. For example, the toy&#39;s type may be stored, e.g. there may be animal-type toys, people-type toys, bird-type toys, etc. The end-user/s characteristics may include age, sex and mother tongue. The toy&#39;s properties preferably are programmed into the toy&#39;s software. The term “log file” refers to feedback data collected from and regarding the user, in the course of execution of all scripts processed since the previous upload. For example, the “log file” may include data on user&#39;s oral responses to motivational messages and/or data indicative of user actions such as an identification of a particular television show indicating that the user acquiesced to a motivational message to turn on that particular television show. 
     The file of the next script to be performed is then downloaded. The connection to the network  1115  is terminated and the downloaded script is processed and the properties and log files are updated as necessary. 
     If the connection to the network  1115  is fixed, then it is not necessary to receive an entire script. Instead, the script may be received and processed one object at a time. Similarly, it is not necessary to aggregate all feedback accumulating during execution of a script into a log file and instead, feedback may be sent back to the motivational content provider as it occurs. 
     In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the toy is operative to collect sensory information indicative of human proximity to the toy. As shown in steps  1485  and  1505 , if the motion/proximity sensor  1175 , which may comprise an infra-red or Doppler radar capable of detecting motion of large enough objects, detects human proximity to the toy within a predetermined time window, the toy processes the script object  1490  or file  1510  as scheduled. The toy preferably does not process the script object or file in the absence of such sensory information. 
     FIG. 69 is a diagram of an example of a collection of script objects organized as a script. Preferably, each sensed user response (YES or NO in the illustrated example) is fed back to the motivational content provider. 
     FIG. 70 is a simplified flowchart illustration of a preferred method for processing any one of the “talk”-type script objects of FIG.  68 . In the illustrated embodiment, the script object can generate speech output in 3 modes: text-to-speech; playback of prerecorded, stored speech transferred as a file before playback begins; and streaming audio i.e., if the connection is fixed, immediate rendition of recorded speech, as it is received. As shown, at least one characteristic of speech output is adjusted. The characteristic may, for example, comprise speed, pitch, speech effects simulating emotions such as joy and sadness and/or simulating speech effects according to the persona of the toy. For example, a female fanciful figure typically speaks in a higher pitch than a male fanciful figure. 
     For example, defects such as stutter may preferably be provided and may be adjusted to fit the persona of the toy  1100 , which typically resides in the toy&#39;s software as described above. Other speech effects include a “yuk-yuk” noise interspersed between pronouncements of the toy, hoarseness, interspersing of colorful exclamations, etc. 
     As shown in step  1695 , the speech output generated by the fanciful figure preferably includes user-dependent content such as mention of the user&#39;s name (e.g. Stuart) as illustrated in FIG. 59 or such as correct gender-language in languages such as French which differentiate between gender. Preferably, for each session, the fanciful FIG. 1100 asks “What&#39;s your name?”, and upon receiving a reply, e.g. “Stuart”, the doll is operative to access Stuart&#39;s attributes. 
     FIG. 71 is a simplified flowchart illustration of a preferred method for processing a “listen and sense”-type script object such as the “listen and sense” script object of FIG.  68 . In the illustrated embodiment, the script object can perform sensing operations in any of three different modes: sensor scanning to identify sensor states; recording of audio and transferring file (or transferring in streaming mode) to motivational content provider; and speech recognition and subsequent transfer of speech recognition results (not of the original audio) to the motivational content provider. 
     FIG. 72 is a simplified semi-pictorial semi-block diagram illustration of a toy/marketing system including a plurality of toys  1100  associated via a network  1115  with a plurality of motivational content providers/servers  1120 . As shown, the rabbit toy is a modification of the apparatus of FIG. 59 in that the rabbit toy is wirelessly associated with the motivational content provider/server. 
     FIGS. 73-89, taken together, form a system analysis of a toy/marketing system constructed and operative in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention. 
     FIG. 73 is a top-level diagram showing major hardware components located at various sites of a toy/marketing system constructed and operative in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention. 
     FIG. 74 is a top-level dataflow diagram showing dataflow between the various sites of FIG.  73 . It is appreciated that the “toy maker” may not necessarily be the actual manufacturer or designer of any specific toy participating in the system but rather may be a broadcaster or communication provider serving several toy makers and/or advertisers. Preferably, according to this embodiment, one or more computerized accounting systems are integrated into the system of the present invention such that information flowing through the system of the present invention which impacts on billing is automatically routed to the appropriate computerized accounting system or systems. 
     FIGS. 75-77, taken together, describe a breakdown of a toy/marketing system into sites at which the system operates, and into actors operating at each site. Typically, the actors interact with the system by interacting with a computer located at their site, such as a workstation or terminal, on which software programs reside which provide or facilitate the functionalities described in FIGS. 75-77. 
     FIG. 75 is a diagram describing the operation of two actors operating in an “at home” system operation site. The actors which operate “at home” are, in the illustrated embodiment, a parent and a child. For each actor, the diagram lists the actor&#39;s “responsibilities”, i.e. tasks performed by the actor alone, and the actor&#39;s “collaborations”, i.e. operations performed by the actor in conjunction with another actor who may or may not be located at the same site. 
     FIG. 76 is a diagram describing operation of two actors operating in an “advertisers headquarters” (also termed herein “motivational content provider”) system operation site. 
     FIG. 77 is a diagram describing operation of four actors operating in an “at toy maker” system operation site. 
     The term “toy maker” typically refers to the entity which manages the design, manufacture, and distribution of the client side of the toy/marketing system shown and described herein. The “toy maker” optionally also operates the toy/marketing system. 
     FIGS. 78-82 are simplified functional breakdowns of five respective portion of the toy/marketing system which resides at five respective sites. Specifically: 
     FIG. 78 is a simplified functional breakdown of a portion of the toy/marketing system which resides at the “at-home” site. The at-home site preferably includes, as shown, a web browser  2120  which may comprise a conventional web-browser such as Microsoft Explorer or Netscape Navigator. Additionally, the at-home site of FIG. 78 preferably comprises a client logger  2130 , living object control software (LOCS)  2140 , and a client pusher  2150 . State diagrams of functional units  2130 ,  2140  and  2150  are provided in FIGS. 86-88 respectively. 
     FIG. 79 is a simplified functional breakdown of a portion of the toy/marketing system which resides at a site termed herein “coordinator of motivational content providers” site. 
     FIG. 80 is a simplified functional breakdown of a portion of the toy/marketing system which resides at the “advertising headquarters” site. 
     FIG. 81 is a simplified functional breakdown of a portion of the toy/marketing system, including a server, which portion resides at the “toy maker” site. The LOIS (Living Object Internet Services) are equivalent to Motivational Content Providing Services 
     FIG. 82 is a simplified functional breakdown of a portion of the toy/marketing system which resides at the “toy maker” site and which does not include a server. The GUI is the Graphical User Interface. 
     FIGS. 83-85 describe dataflow relationships between functional units illustrated in FIGS. 78,  80  and  81 . 
     FIG. 83 is a dataflow diagram illustrating dataflow relationships between the functional units of the “at home” site. 
     FIG. 84 is a dataflow diagram illustrating dataflow relationships between the functional units of the “advertising headquarters” site. 
     FIG. 85 is a dataflow diagram illustrating dataflow relationships between the functional units of the “toy maker” site. 
     The dataflow between the functional units of the serverless motivation content provider are generally similar to the dataflow shown in FIG. 84 except that in the serverless motivation content provider no server is utilized. 
     FIGS. 86-88 are state diagrams of various of the functional units illustrated in FIGS. 78-82. Specifically: 
     FIG. 86 is a state diagram of the client logger of FIG.  78 . 
     FIG. 87 is a state diagram of the LOCS of FIG.  78 . 
     FIG. 88 is a state diagram of the push client unit of FIG.  78 . 
     FIG. 89 is a dataflow diagram showing dataflow between the “at home” site and the “motivational content provider” site, during a home software updating process operative in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention. 
     FIG. 90 is a simplified flowchart illustration of a preferred implementation of a selling script or selling process for the network controller  1110  (FIG. 59) or  1200  (FIG. 61) at home. As shown, the network controller  1110  is operative to restrict items that the user can purchase based upon the type 2840 and the cost 2850 of the item, where such restrictions are actuated by a parent user of the system. 
     The network controller typically authenticates at least one of user ID, user password and user voice signature before permitting a purchase order message to be sent. Authentification of a user&#39;s voice signature may comprise the steps of requesting the user&#39;s voice signature  2930 , recording the user&#39;s verbal response  2940 , performing a speech recognition process on the recorded response  2950 , and if positive  2960 , the purchase order message is allowed to be sent. 
     The network controller  1110  also ensures the privacy of the purchasing/selling interaction between the user and the toy maker by the at home encoding  2980  of purchase information, including credit-card information, before being sent  2990  to the toy maker. 
     FIG. 91 is a simplified flowchart illustration of a preferred implementation of a selling script or selling process carried out by the motivational content provider server  1120  of FIG. 59, in conjunction with the network controller  1110  at home. As shown the motivational content provider  1120  receives (step  3120 ) a purchase order message from the toy, and (step  3130 ) decodes the encoded message  2980 , which message is re-encoded before being sent on to the supplier of the item to be purchased. The server then sends purchase confirmation to the toy as shown in FIG. 91, step  3155 , and in FIG. 90, step  3010 . 
     Steps  3040 ,  3080  and  3120  are steps which characterize the latest interrupt or event as either receipt of a new selling list, or a subscriber login or arrival at a schedule time-trigger, or receipt of a purchase order from a logged-in subscriber. The method proceeds according to the characterization of the interrupt or event as one of the above possibilities and then returns to characterize the next interrupt or event and proceed accordingly. 
     FIG. 92 is a semi-pictorial semi-data flow diagram illustration depicting a preferred method for processing user responses to motivational content, in order to provide the entities generating the motivational content with feedback and/or in order to bill the entities generating the motivational content. 
     As shown, a single prompt (“Let&#39;s watch Sycamore Street now, turn it on!”) is being employed which is termed “motivating prompt # 3 ”. It is appreciated that other prompts might be employed to get across the same motivational content such as using the same text followed by crying sound effects unless the user acquiesces, or such as using a different text, e.g. (“Turn on Sycamore Street now or else I&#39;ll never talk to you again!”) These prompts might be termed Motivating Prompts # 4  and # 5  respectively. As shown, many different users&#39; responses to Prompt # 3  are all recorded as the motivating prompt # 3  is multicasted to the different users (only four users are shown for simplicity). 
     Acquiescence, in the illustrated embodiment, comprises turning on a designated television program and is measured by detecting preselected aspects of the television program such as by word-spotting keywords in the television program&#39;s theme song. 
     Preferably, a server report is generated including, for each motivating prompt and for each at-home site, an ID of the motivating prompt, demographic particulars of the user, and at least one parameter of user response such as whether or not the user acquiesced, and also preferably parameters of non-acquiescence such as whether or not the user made any response to the prompt and if so, at least one characteristic of that response such as identification of a competing option (e.g. another program such as “Funny Bunny”) which the user preferred over the option being promoted by the motivating prompt (program entitled “Sycamore Street”, in the illustrated embodiment). 
     The server report may be used to generate an accounting instruction in which an entity accepting billing for provision of the Sycamore Street prompt is billed differentially depending on the success of the Sycamore Street prompt. The server report also may be used to generate a prompt evaluation report useful in developing new prompts based on feedback regarding success of previously employed prompts. 
     FIG. 93 is a simplified flowchart illustration of a preferred method for generating TV program heralding messages which are a form of motivational prompt. 
     The “log file” typically comprises all records which have accumulated since the last upload, where each record typically comprises an individual server report pertaining to an individual at-home site and an individual occurrence of a motivational prompt, such as the server reports illustrated in FIG.  34 . 
     The “TV herald table” is a table which stores a schedule of motivational prompts including a “script file” for each of a plurality of “time-points” or points in time. Each script file typically comprises a motivational prompt to be provided at that time and, preferably an indication of keywords which, if spotted, define acquiescence and/or other user responses. 
     FIG. 94 is an example of a “script file”. 
     FIG. 95 is an example of a feedback script file which is called by the script file of FIG. 94 in block  3590 , and which is operative to prompt a user to provide feedback regarding the his/her extent of satisfaction with the television shows which s/he has been watching. The terms “Storage in” and “Storage out” refer to store and retrieve operations. At several points in time, either pre-determined or event-driven, the system typically prompts the user to provide feedback. “Predetermined” points in time typically refer to points in time which are separated by a predetermined interval from the beginning of the program. “Event-driven” points in time typically refer to points in time which may be identified by an event, e.g. a prompt which is provided when the word “Sycamore” is first played by the television and is first recognized using speech recognition. 
     If the prompt is a closed question, the user&#39;s response may be processed on the fly by speech recognition and stored in a feedback file as a code. If the prompt is an open question, the user&#39;s response is typically recorded and stored as a recording in the feedback file. 
     FIG. 96 is an example of a screen display which may be generated by the web browser  2120  of living object client  2115 . The web browser  2120  has a registration interface function, as shown in FIG. 78, which is typically performed by a parent actor at an at home site, as shown in FIG.  75 . The registration screen display prompts for demographic information regarding the child user, which may include information on the user&#39;s sex, age, mother tongue, culture, address, relatives, friends and teacher. 
     FIG. 97 is another example of a screen display which may be generated by the web browser  2120  of living object client  2115 . The screen display of FIG. 97, unlike the screen display of FIG. 94, is suitable for embodiments in which the user is allotted a periodic allowance which is paid periodically e.g. every Sunday. For example, a user may be entitled to spend no more than 5 dollars daily, no more than 10 dollars weekly, and no more than 50 dollars monthly. 
     The “Record voice signature” button allows a user to record a voice signature such as a password, which voice signature may be stored by the system and used for authentication, for security purposes and transaction authentication, as shown in steps  2930 - 2960  in FIG.  90 . 
     FIG. 98 is a table of functions supported by the system which are typically actuated by a child user of the system. 
     FIG. 99 is a table of installation functions supported by the system which are typically actuated by a parent user of the system who is a parent of the child user of the system. 
     FIG. 100 is a table of registration functions supported by the system which are typically actuated by the parent user of the system who is a parent of the child user of the system. 
     FIG. 101 is a table of billing functions supported by the system which are typically actuated by the parent user of the system who is a parent of the child user of the system. 
     FIG. 102 is a table of purchasing functions supported by the system which are typically actuated by the parent user of the system who is a parent of the child user of the system. 
     FIG. 103 is a table of registration configuration functions supported by the system which are typically actuated by a corporate user of the system such as a toy manufacturer. 
     FIG. 104 is a table of user profiling data gathering functions supported by the system which are typically actuated by a corporate user of the system such as a toy manufacturer. 
     FIG. 105 is a table of living object configuration update functions supported by the system which are typically actuated by a corporate user of the system such as a toy manufacturer. 
     FIG. 106 is a table of server update functions supported by the system which are typically actuated by a corporate user of the system such as a toy manufacturer. 
     FIG. 107 is a table of new living object configuration functions supported by the system which are typically actuated by a corporate user of the system such as a toy manufacturer. 
     FIG. 108 is a table of new living object update adding functions supported by the system which are typically actuated by a corporate user of the system such as a toy manufacturer. 
     FIG. 109 is a table of new living object update management functions supported by the system which are typically actuated by a corporate user of the system such as a toy manufacturer. 
     FIG. 110 is a table of webstore layout and styling functions supported by the system which are typically actuated by a corporate user of the system such as a toy manufacturer. 
     FIG. 111 is a table of server&#39;s purchase-related functions supported by the system which are typically actuated by a corporate user of the system such as a toy manufacturer. 
     FIG. 112 is a table of user management functions supported by the system which are typically actuated by a corporate user of the system such as a toy manufacturer. The RDBMS is a Relational Database Management System. 
     FIG. 113 is a table of usage analysis functions supported by the system which are typically actuated by a corporate user of the system such as a toy manufacturer. 
     FIGS. 98-113 each include the conditions under which each function included therein is performed. 
     FIG. 114 is a simplified semi-pictorial semi-block diagram of an audible-information-providing system constructed and operative in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention. 
     In this preferred embodiment, the motivational content providing service is known as a personally-customized-information providing service, or as an audible information push service  3800 , with audible information provided by an audible information push server. The audible information provided by the personally-customized-information providing service  3800  includes any types of information that has been at least partially specified by the user. 
     This preferred embodiment differs from Internet push technology by pushing audible rather than graphical textual information to a user via a “fanciful object”  3820 , which may be separate from and typically distanced from the computer  3810 . The audible information may be derived from sites having textual content by conventional text-to-speech conversion techniques which are preferably applied to only a portion of the screen display of the site. For example, the largest frame on each screen display may be derived from the HTML information provided by the website and the text-to-speech conversion may be applied only to text disposed interiorly of the largest frame. 
     Preferably, as shown in FIG. 114, the system of the present invention comprises an information providing object including a fanciful body  3820 , a personally-customized-information provider  3800  located at least partially within the fanciful body and including a computer network communicator operative to provide communication between a user and a computer network  1115  and an annunciator  1150  providing oral personally customized information, including at least an audible output, to the user, via the computer network communicator, wherein the computer network communicator is operative to allow the user to at least partially determine at least one of the content, timing, type and style of the personally customized information. 
     The information providing object  3820  may be connected to the network  1115  via a computer  3810  as shown in FIG. 114, or be directly connected to the network  1115  by wire as shown in FIG. 59, or wirelessly as shown in FIG.  65 . The object  3820 , when connected through the computer  3810 , may be connected via the computer&#39;s audio port, MIDI port, serial port or parallel port. When the object  3820  is connected via a digital port, such as the MIDI port, serial port or parallel port, the analog-to-digital, and digital-to-analog conversions can be made either inside the object  3820  with digital transmission to the object, or adjacent to the computer  3810  with analog transmission to the object  3820 . 
     The “content” of information refers to a specific reference to a source of information, the reference being defined by the user, such as a specific page of a specific website, which, when it is updated, is to be provided to the user. 
     The “timing” of information refers to the time at which information is to be sent. 
     The “type” of information refers to a categorization of information without indicating a reference to a specific source of information. For example, one “type” of information is: Information regarding the Chicago Bulls. 
     The “style” of information refers to the style of presentation of the information, such as the characteristics of the voice presenting the information (male/female, loud/soft, mimicking a particular celebrity, etc.). 
     Preferably, in the “push” embodiment, the system accepts feedback from a user e.g. by presenting all hypertext links associated with information being presented to the user in accordance with a “push” request made by her or him, and prompting the user to select one of the hypertext links. The system is also typically capable of receiving additional user feedback such as “stop”, “back”, “leave message” and “home”. 
     Information may be provided either by searching, i.e. accessing all information relating to a specified cue, or a subset thereof, or by pushing, i.e. selecting websites or other sources of information relevant to a specified cue and providing an information update to a user each time one of the selected websites is updated. 
     It is appreciated that in this personally-customized-information providing embodiment of the present invention, the user of the system is not necessarily a child and that the toy/marketing system  3820  may not necessarily comprise a toy. 
     The responsibilities of a user also include specifying the type of information required by the user. The information type can be as specific as desired, e.g. requesting information about sport, requesting information about football, requesting information about a specific team, requesting information about a specific player, requesting information about the goals scored by a specific player. 
     The personally-customized-information providing server  3800  collects and collates, from the Internet  1115 , or from an intranet, the information which is most closely related to that requested by the user. The personally-customized-information providing server converts this information into an audible format, which is transmitted, via a computer network  1115 , and via the user&#39;s computer  3810 , to the fanciful object  3820 , and is broadcast to the user as illustrated in the FIGS. 68 and 70. 
     FIG. 115 is a simplified block diagram of sites and computing devices of a motivational information providing system constructed and operative in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 115 includes three subsystems providing different information functions. The ADAM (advertising distribution and management) subsystem  3890  provides advertisement information. The NANI (natural access to network information)  3870  subsystem provides natural access to network information. The IRENA (Internet REtail Natural Access)  3850  is operative to provide e-commerce (electronic commerce) functions. The motivational information providing system also includes a “Content provider headquarters” site  3860 , an “At home” site  3880 , and an Advertiser/retailer headquarters” site  3900 . 
     The IRENA subsystem of FIG. 115 is preferably an e-commerce company that provides a shopping experience based on a combination of personalized e-commerce and quality content. This combination is characterized in that it is delivered via a friendly toy using natural language, requiring no computer literacy. This preferably allows Internet users to more easily conduct e-commerce and become consumers. Receiving information on relevant products and purchasing is preferably easier using IRENA than using other channels in the real or virtual worlds. Users typically make purchases through IRENA, using an IRENA account, thus avoiding the need to get involved with any other aspects of e-commerce. 
     IRENA typically creates a virtual database of selected products from many vendors and retailers. Relevant product information is gathered from vendors and other relevant content sources. 
     Behaviors are attached to each product, the behavior forming a script presented to the user by the toy in order to convince him/her to buy the product. The behavior typically consists of information about the product, a comparison to other products, and advertising elements etc. The toy is preferably able to deliver the behavior, either alone, or in combination with the desktop. 
     Scheduling tips are typically attached to the behavior. Such tips typically determine when a user receive the behavior, during which other behaviors the specified behavior will be played etc. 
     The behavior is preferably interactive such that the user interacts with the behavior presented by the living toy. 
     Users are preferably able to issue a purchase order for a product, either orally, or through the web. The payment is typically taken from a preset IRENA account. 
     FIG. 116 is a diagram of functions preferably performed at the at-home site  3880  of FIG.  115 . 
     FIG. 117 is a preferred data flow diagram for the system of FIG.  115 . 
     FIG. 118 is a diagram of preferred use cases for the commercial manager  3970  of FIG.  117 . The commercial manager  3970  typically markets IRENA&#39;s services to vendors and users. The commercial manager preferably also handles all financial and business aspects within IRENA, with external players and end-users. 
     FIG. 119 is a diagram of preferred use cases for the content provider/content manager (product manager)  3950  of FIG.  117 . The product manager  3950  typically submits new vendors, the vendor being any firm interested in selling products through the IRENA framework, submits products with relevant product information and scheduling tips. The product manager  3950  also preferably manages a space on the server for download of new products, sets preferences for profiling reports and analyzes the reports when received, and processes orders received through IRENA. 
     FIG. 120 is a diagram of preferred use cases for the NANI personalization manager  3990  of FIG.  117 . The personalization manager typically manages behavior space, e.g., attaches scheduling tips, and links behaviors to profiles etc. The personalization manager  3990  preferably also issues profiling reports to vendors. 
     FIG. 121 is a diagram of preferred use cases for the NANI creative manager  2960  of FIG.  117 . The creative manager  3960  typically defined IRENA&#39;s product categories, manages a product web catalog, collects relevant product information from other sources, and creates behaviors for products. 
     FIG. 122 is a diagram of preferred use cases for the end user  4010  of FIG.  117 . The end user  4010  is any person that is using a living toy that was installed while the relevant sub-systems were installed on the users desktop. A parent end-user typically interacts with a behavior, buys products, sets limits for child-users&#39; exposure and expenses, and personalizes the experience. A child end-user typically interacts with a behavior, personalizes the experience, and buys products. 
     FIG. 123 is a table of use cases of a motivational message providing system or service constructed and operative in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention. 
     FIG. 124 is a table of possible implementations of the use cases of FIG.  123 . 
     FIGS. 125 and 126 are tables of additional use cases of a motivational message providing system or service constructed and operative in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention. 
     FIG. 127 is a table of possible implementations of the use cases of FIG.  126 . 
     FIG. 128 is a table of additional use cases of a motivational message providing system or service constructed and operative in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention. 
     FIG. 129 is a table of possible implementations of the use cases of FIG.  128 . 
     FIG. 130 is a table of additional use cases of a motivational message providing system or service constructed and operative in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention. 
     FIG. 131 is a table of possible implementations of the use cases of FIG.  130 . 
     FIG. 132 is a table of additional use cases of a motivational message providing system or service constructed and operative in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention. 
     FIG. 133 is a table of possible implementations of the use cases of FIG.  132 . 
     FIGS. 134 and 135 are tables of additional use cases of a motivational message providing system or service constructed and operative in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention. 
     FIG. 136 is a table of possible implementations of the use cases of FIG.  135 . 
     FIG. 137 is a table of additional use cases of a motivational message providing system or service constructed and operative in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention. 
     FIG. 138 is a table of possible implementations of the use cases of FIG.  137 . 
     FIG. 139 is a table of additional use cases of a motivational message providing system or service constructed and operative in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention. 
     FIG. 140 is a table of possible implementations of the use cases of FIG.  139 . 
     FIG. 141 is a table of additional use cases of a motivational message providing system or service constructed and operative in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention. 
     FIG. 142 is a table of possible implementations of the use cases of FIG.  141 . 
     FIG. 143 is a table of additional use cases of a motivational message providing system or service constructed and operative in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention. 
     FIG. 144 is a table of possible implementations of the use cases of FIG.  143 . 
     FIG. 145 is a table of additional use cases of a motivational message providing system or service constructed and operative in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention. 
     FIG. 146 is a table of possible implementations of the use cases of FIG.  145 . 
     FIGS. 147 and 148 are tables of additional use cases of a motivational message providing system or service constructed and operative in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention. 
     FIG. 149 is a table of possible implementations of the use cases of FIG.  148 . 
     FIG. 150 is a table of additional use cases of a motivational message providing system or service constructed and operative in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention. 
     FIG. 151 is a table of possible implementations of the use cases of FIG.  150 . 
     FIG. 152 is a simplified illustration of a screen display of the computer  3810  of FIG. 114 which enables a user to register to the audible-push service and to provide the service with his/her personal selection of information that he or she would like to receive from the service. 
     The screen form enables the user to select information by subjects and sub-subjects such as sport, basketball, NBA, etc. and by sources such as CNN, UK, business. The user is preferably able to set the relative priorities of the selected items, so that stock news is presented first, local weather news second, etc. The user preferably also sets the rate at which items are presented. 
     The service typically presents the information to the user in several size levels. The screen form example in FIG. 152 allows three levels: the first level is presented first and, in this example, will contain the first 15 word of the original information item. The system then typically asks the user if he or she would like to hear the next level. If the user approves the service presents the user with the next level containing the next 30 words. The system preferably then asks the user if he or she would like to hear the next level, in this case the entire item. If the user approves, the service presents the user with the next level containing the entire item. 
     FIG. 153 is a simplified illustration of the typical textual content of a web-page, in this case a page of the Anchordesk by Jesse Berst hosted by Zdnet at http://www.zdnet.com/anchordesk/story/story — 3050.html. 
     The graphical content of the page is omitted as well as some of the textual content that does not fit into the formal page size. The middle part  4200  of FIG. 153 contains most of the text in the web page and is selected for delivery to those subscribers that have selected to receive Anchordesk articles as they are presented over the Internet. 
     The service preferably retrieves the text, converts the text to several languages as requested by various subscribers using conventional machine translation engines. The service typically converts the text of each language to speech using conventional text to speech engines, and distributes the items to the appropriate subscribers. 
     For each subscriber, the item is typically divided into several levels according to the subscriber&#39;s requirements. In the example of user customization shown in FIG. 152, the first 15 words are presented first: “Berst Alert TUESDAY, FEB. 02, 1999 Y2K Countdown: Will You Be in the Dark on”. Then if the user decides to hear the next level the next 30 words are played: “Jan. 1, 2000? Jesse Berst, Editorial Director ZDNet AnchorDesk Residents of a rural island community here in Washington State are ordering 55-gallon barrels to collect rainwater and planning bulk purchases of”. If the user selects to continue the rest of the item is played. 
     FIG. 154 is a script illustrating a possible manner of distribution of the web-page of FIG.  153 . 
     FIG. 155 is a bubble diagram of a game for an individual, “tree-quiz”, in which a prize or other token is dispensed to the individual player by one of the nodes in the amusement park. 
     FIGS. 156A-B, taken together, form a diagram of one alternative “Game State Record” data structure of FIGS. 43A-43C of copending U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/062,500, storing information regarding one of the game states, “ask question”, within the individual game of FIG.  155 . 
     FIGS. 156A and 156C, taken together, form a diagram of another alternative “Game State Record” data structure of FIGS. 43A-43C of copending U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/062,500, storing information regarding one of the game states, “ask question”, within the individual game of FIG.  155 . In FIG. 156C, each correct answer increments a counter filed in the Visitor Profile Record and each incorrect answer decrements the counter. This counter is available for several different games and enables the visitor to gain a point that can later be converted in a gift or coupon. 
     FIG. 157 is a diagram of two “Game State Record” data structures of FIGS. 43A-43C of copending U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/062,500 storing information regarding two additional game states, “record answer” and “give present”, within the individual game of FIG.  155 . 
     FIG. 158 is a diagram of two “Visitor Record” data structures of FIGS. 43A-43C of copending U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/062,500 storing information regarding two visitors playing the individual game of FIGS. 155-157. 
     FIG. 159 is a diagram of a “Node Record” data structure of FIGS. 43A-43C of copending U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/062,500 storing information regarding a node, “tree”, which is operating within the individual game of FIGS. 155-158. 
     FIGS. 160A-160B, taken together, form a simplified flowchart illustration of a preferred chain of events including the events which typically occur in playing the “tree-quiz” game of FIGS. 155-159. 
     It is noted that throughout this specification the term “audible” is used as meaning “capable of being perceived and understood by the human ear”. 
     It is appreciated that the software components of the present invention may, if desired, be implemented in ROM (read-only memory) form. The software components may, generally, be implemented in hardware, if desired, using conventional techniques. 
     It is appreciated that various features of the invention which are, for clarity, described in the contexts of separate embodiments may also be provided in combination in a single embodiment. Conversely, various features of the invention which are, for brevity, described in the context of a single embodiment may also be provided separately or in any suitable subcombination. 
     It will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to what has been particularly shown and described hereinabove. Rather, the scope of the present invention is defined only by the claims that follow: