Abstract:
A device for use in a television receiver for constantly recording a received program onto a recording medium such as a hard disk drive where a desired scene or program can be easily searched from recorded picture planes without an increase in circuit scale and costs. A picture plane area of a display is divided into a plurality of small picture plane areas and picture planes divided every predetermined time are displayed as index images in correspondence to the plurality of divided small picture plane areas respectively. When a desired one of the index images is designated, moving image information corresponding to the designated index image is read out from the hard disk drive and is displayed. An offset time of a predetermined amount is given to the index images which were divisionally displayed. The received video signal is compressed so that one field is set to a fixed length and is recorded onto the hard disk. A long time recording mode for the hard disk drive is set by varying a compression ratio or a subsampling interval for the video signal. Status information including information reflecting the long time recording mode is added to the compressed video signal and the resultant video signal is recorded on a block unit basis.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     1. Field of the Invention 
     The present invention relates to a video recording apparatus and a reproducing apparatus which are suitable for use in a television receiver in which a program is always recorded to a recording medium and, more particularly, to a setting of a long time recording mode and a retrieval of a desired scene or program from recorded picture planes. 
     2. Description of the Related Art 
     It often happens that a telephone suddenly rings or a visitor suddenly comes while the user is enjoying a television broadcasting and he misses a broadcasting program. When a television broadcasting program is missed, except for a program which will be broadcasted again, the user can never watch again such a program. A program which will be broadcasted again in a short period is unusual. In most cases, news programs and sports programs are not broadcasted again. In many cases, therefore, when a television broadcasting program is missed, the program cannot be watched again. 
     There is also a case where a scene which is desired to be stored suddenly starts while a broadcasting program such as excellent scene of a movie or drama, interview with an important person, a highlight scene of a sports program, or the like is watched. In such a case, even if a VTR is immediately set, it often happens that the VTR cannot be ready to record such a scene and the scene cannot be recorded. 
     The inventors of the invention, therefore, have proposed a television receiver such that while the broadcasting program is watched, the program is always recorded to a recording medium. According to such a television receiver, even if a telephone suddenly rings or a visitor suddenly comes, the user can go back and reproduce the program, so that the program is not missed. Since the program can be easily stored, even if a program which is desired to be recorded suddenly starts, the television receiver can cope with such a situation. 
     The inventors of the invention have also proposed the use of a hard disk drive as a recording medium in the television receiver which always records a program to the recording medium as mentioned above. Hitherto, as a recording medium for recording a video signal, a magnetic tape is widely used. However, an accessing speed of the magnetic tape is slow and it is difficult to employ the magnetic tape as a recording medium which is used in the television receiver. Although the use of a semiconductor memory is considered, the semiconductor memory of a large capacity is very expensive and is not suitable for a case where a program is stored for a long time since the stored program is erased when the power source is turned off. On the contrary, the hard disk drive has a large capacity and a sufficiently high accessing speed. 
     When the video signal is recorded to the hard disk drive as mentioned above, it is further desirable that the long time recording can be performed in accordance with an application. In case of recording the video signal to a tape, by changing a feeding speed of the tape, the long time recording can be realized. For example, the long time recording mode is called a triple time mode in the VHS system and is called an LP mode in an 8 mm VTR. In those modes, by changing the feeding speed of the tape, the long time recording mode is set. 
     In case of recording the video signal to the hard disk drive as well, it is desired that the long time recording mode can be set in a manner similar to the triple time mode of the VHS system and the LP mode of the 8 mm VTR. 
     When the video signal is recorded into the hard disk drive, however, the long time mode cannot be realized by a method similar to that in the case where the video signal is recorded to the tape. 
     In the conventional VTR, since the long time recording mode is set by changing the feeding speed of the tape, there is a problem such that a reproduction picture plane is disturbed by a switching of the recording mode. 
     It is, therefore, an object of the invention to provide a video recording apparatus and a reproducing apparatus which can easily set a long time recording mode when a video signal is recorded to a recording medium such as a hard disk or the like. 
     When the recording time of a program is long, it is difficult for the user to search a desired scene. For example, when the video signal is compressed by the motion JPEG and recorded by using a hard disk drive of a capacity of about 1 Gbytes, a recording time of about 60 minutes can be assured. It is, however, not easy to search a desired scene from recording picture planes of the long time and reproduce it. 
     A method of preliminarily recording images distinguished as index images and searching by reading out the index images in accordance with a predetermined procedure, a method of detecting a scene change and searching by using the detected image at the time of the scene change as an index image, a method of simply dividing a recording time every predetermined time and using a representative image of each time zone as an index, and the like are considered. 
     According to the method of preliminarily recording the images distinguished as index images and searching by reading out the index images by the determined procedure, it is necessary to record the determined index images. The method cannot be applied to a case of searching the contents of the recorded received picture plane. According to the method of detecting the scene change in the reproduction picture plane and using the position where the scene is changed as an index, a correlation detecting circuit or a motion detecting circuit for detecting the scene change is necessary, so that a circuit scale is increased and the costs are increased. In the method of simply dividing the recording time every predetermined time and using a representative image of each time zone as an index, since the image is not always a significant image in which the position of the search image can be identified, an efficient search cannot be performed. 
     As mentioned above, when the received picture plane is recorded to the hard disk drive, since the video data has been compressed and recorded, it is difficult to form index images by simply dividing the recording time every predetermined time. 
     That is, when the received picture plane is recorded to the hard disk drive apparatus as mentioned above, video data is compressed in order to improve the recording time. As a video data compression processing method, an MPEG (Motion Picture Experts Group) system and a motion JPEG (Joint Photographics Coding Experts Group) system are known. Although a compression efficiency of the MPEG system is high, since the compression in the time base direction is performed, it is difficult to search or reproduce the data at variable speeds on a field unit basis. When the received picture plane is recorded in the hard disk, it can be considered to compress the video data by the motion JPEG system. 
     In the motion JPEG system, however, a compression ratio of the picture plane is different in dependence on a pattern or the like. Consequently, when the video data is compressed by the motion JPEG and is recorded into the hard disk drive, a correspondence between the address in the hard disk drive and a recording time cannot be obtained. The recording time cannot be, therefore, simply obtained from the addresses of the hard disk drive and it is difficult to divide the recording time every predetermined time and display. 
     It is, therefore, another object of the invention to provide a video recording apparatus, a video reproducing apparatus, and a recording and reproducing method of the apparatuses, in which a desired scene or program can be easily searched from recorded picture planes without causing an increase in circuit scale and costs. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     According to the invention, there is provided a video apparatus comprising: a recording medium on which moving image information is recorded; time-divisional means for dividing the moving image information recorded on the recording medium every predetermined time; display means for displaying the moving image information; picture plane division display means for dividing a picture plane area of the display means into a plurality of small picture plane areas and displaying the moving image information of every predetermined time divided by the time-divisional means as an index image in correspondence to each of the plurality of divided small picture plane areas; and input means for designating a desired one of the index images which are displayed in the plurality of small picture plane areas, wherein when the index image is designated by the input means, the moving image information corresponding to the designated index image is read out from the recording medium and is displayed by the display means. 
     According to the invention, the video apparatus further comprises offset means for giving an offset time of a predetermined amount to the moving image information of every predetermined time divided by the time-divisional means. 
     According to the invention, there is provided a display method of a video apparatus, comprising the steps of: dividing moving image information recorded on a recording medium every predetermined time; dividing a picture plane area to display the moving image information into a plurality of small picture plane areas and displaying the moving image information divided every predetermined times as an index image in correspondence to each of the plurality of divided small picture plane areas; designating a desired one of the index images which are displayed in the plurality of small picture plane areas; and when the index image is designated, reading out the moving image information corresponding to the designated index image from the recording medium and displaying. 
     According to the invention, the display method further includes a step of giving an offset time of a predetermined amount to the moving image information of every predetermined time. 
     When an overview search key is depressed, the display picture plane is divided into a plurality of small picture planes and an image of video data of every predetermined time recorded in a hard disk drive is divisionally displayed in each divided picture plane. When the overview search key is further pressed, the time of each picture plane is offset every predetermined time. Therefore, a desired reproduction start position can be easily retrieved from the index picture planes. 
     According to the invention, there is provided a video apparatus comprising: video compressing means which compresses a video signal of a predetermined unit so as to have a fixed length and whose compression ratio can be changed; input means to which mode set inputs to set a standard recording mode and a long time recording mode are given; compression ratio setting means for varying the compression ratio of the video compressing means in accordance with a mode set inputs from the input means; and recording means for forming blocks obtained by adding status information including information of the recording mode to the compressed video signal and recording the video signal and the status information onto a recording medium on a block unit basis. 
     According to the invention, there is provided a video apparatus for reproducing a video signal and status information from a recording medium on a unit basis of a block obtained by adding the status information including information of a long time recording mode to a compressed video signal, comprising: means for detecting the status information from the block, discriminating whether the recording mode is a standard recording mode or the long time recording mode, and setting a compression ratio in accordance with the standard recording mode or the long time recording mode; and video decompressing means for decompressing the video signal reproduced from the recording medium on the basis of the compression ratio. 
     According to the invention, there is provided a video apparatus comprising: decimating means which decimates a video signal of a predetermined unit at every predetermined interval and whose decimating interval can be changed; input means to which mode set inputs to set a standard recording mode and a long time recording mode are given; decimation changing means for varying the decimating interval in accordance with the mode set inputs from the input means; and recording means for forming blocks obtained by adding status information including information of the recording mode to the video signal and recording the video signal and the status information onto a recording medium on a block unit basis. 
     According to the invention, there is provided a video apparatus for reproducing a video signal and status information from a recording medium on a unit basis of a block obtained by adding the status information including information of a long time recording mode to the video signal, comprising: video interpolating means for detecting the status information from the block, discriminating whether the recording mode is a standard recording mode or the long time recording mode, and interpolating the video signal reproduced from the recording medium in accordance with the standard recording mode or the long time recording mode. 
     When the video signal is compressed and recorded onto the recording medium, by changing the compression ratio, the long time recording mode can be easily set. By dividing the video signal into the blocks of a fixed length and providing a header including information regarding the recording mode into the blocks, the recording and reproducing processes can be processed in a manner similar to the ordinary recording mode and the compression ratio can be easily set to a compression ratio according to the recording mode upon reproduction. 
     When the video signal is recorded onto the recording medium, by changing a subsampling interval, the long time recording mode can be easily set. By dividing the video signal into the blocks of a fixed length and providing a header including the information regarding the recording mode into the blocks, the recording and reproducing processes can be executed in a manner similar to those in the ordinary recording mode, and the interpolating process according to the recording mode can be easily performed upon reproduction. 
     The above and other objects and features of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description and the appended claims with reference to the accompanying drawings. 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an example of a television receiver to which the invention is applied; 
     FIG. 2 is a plan view for use in explanation of a remote commander in the television receiver to which the invention is applied; 
     FIGS. 3A to  3 C are schematic diagrams for use in explanation of index picture planes; 
     FIG. 4 is a flowchart for use in explanation of the index picture planes; 
     FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram for use in explanation of a data structure in the television receiver to which the invention is applied; 
     FIGS. 6A to  6 C are schematic diagrams for use in explanation of an example of the long time recording in the television receiver to which the invention is applied; 
     FIGS. 7A to  7 C are schematic diagrams for use in explanation of an example of the long time recording in the television receiver to which the invention is applied; 
     FIGS. 8A to  8 C are schematic diagrams for use in explanation of another example of the long time recording in the television receiver to which the invention is applied; and 
     FIGS. 9A to  9 C are schematic diagrams for use in explanation of still another example of the long time recording in the television receiver to which the invention is applied. 
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
     An embodiment of the invention will now be described hereinbelow with reference to the drawings. The invention is applied to a television receiver having a hard disk drive therein. In such a television receiver with the hard disk drive, a missed scene or a scene which the viewer wants to again see can be seen while going back or a desired program can be recorded or reproduced. 
     FIG. 1 shows a construction of a television receiver to which the invention is applied. In FIG. 1, a reception signal received by an antenna  1  is supplied to a tuner circuit  2 . A channel set signal is supplied from a system controller  10  to the tuner circuit  2 . On the basis of the channel set signal, a signal of a desired reception channel is selected in the tuner circuit  2  and this signal is converted into an intermediate frequency signal. 
     An output of the tuner circuit  2  is supplied to a video intermediate frequency circuit  3 . In the video intermediate frequency circuit  3 , an intermediate frequency signal from the tuner circuit  2  is amplified and the amplified signal is video detected. Thus, a composite video signal of, for example, the NTSC system is derived. The video signal is supplied to one input terminal  5 A of a video source change-over switch  5 . An audio signal is detected from a beat component of, for example, 4.5 MHz in an output of the intermediate frequency circuit  3 . This output is supplied to an audio demodulating circuit  12 . 
     A video signal from an external video input terminal  6  is supplied to another input terminal  5 B of the video source change-over switch  5 . A selection signal is supplied from the system controller  10  to the video source change-over switch  5 . The video signal based on a received television broadcasting and the video signal from the external video input terminal  6  are switched by the video source change-over switch  5 . 
     An output of the video source change-over switch  5  is supplied to a video signal processing circuit  7 . A luminance signal Y and a chroma signal C are separated from the composite video signal of the NTSC system by the video signal processing circuit  7 . Further, color difference signals U and V are demodulated from the chroma signal C and component video signals Y, U, and V are formed. The component video signals Y, U, and V are supplied to a terminal  8 A of a switching circuit  8  and are supplied to an A/D converter  21  in order to preserve the video signal into a hard disk drive  30 . An output of a D/A converter  35  is supplied to another input terminal  8 B of the switching circuit  8  in order to output a reproduction picture plane from the hard disk drive  30 . 
     The switching circuit  8  is used to switch a picture plane based on the received television broadcasting or the video signal from the external video input terminal  6  and a reproduction picture plane from the hard disk drive  30 . The switching circuit  8  is controlled by the system controller  10 . In case of displaying the picture plane based on the received television broadcasting or the video signal from the external video input terminal  6 , the switching circuit  8  is switched to the terminal  8 A side. In case of displaying the reproduction picture plane from the hard disk drive  30 , the switching circuit  8  is switched to the terminal  8 B side. 
     An output of the switching circuit  8  is supplied to a video output circuit  9 . The video output circuit  9  comprises: a matrix circuit for forming three primary color signals R, G, and B from the component video signals Y, U, and V from the switching circuit  8 ; and a video amplifying circuit for driving the three primary color signals R, G, and B and supplying to a color image receiving tube  11 . In the video output circuit  9 , the component video signals Y, U, and V from the switching circuit  8  are converted into the three primary color signals R, G, and B and supplied to the color image receiving tube  11 . 
     The audio signal detected from the beat component of, for example, 4.5 MHz in the output of the intermediate frequency circuit  3  is supplied to the audio demodulating circuit  12 . The audio signal is demodulated in the audio demodulating circuit  12 . The audio signal is supplied to an input terminal  13 A of an audio source change-over switch  13 . 
     An audio signal from an external audio input terminal  14  is supplied to another input terminal  13 B of the audio source change-over switch  13 . Either one of an audio signal based on the received television broadcasting and the audio signal from the external audio input terminal  14  is selected by the audio source change-over switch  13 . 
     An output of the audio source change-over switch  13  is supplied to a terminal  15 A of a switching circuit  15  and is supplied to an A/D converter  25  in order to preserve the audio signal to the hard disk drive  30 . An output of a D/A converter  38  is supplied to another input terminal  15 B of the switching circuit  15  in order to output the audio signal from the hard disk drive  30 . 
     The switching circuit  15  is used to switch the audio signal from the received television broadcasting or from the external audio input terminal  14  and the audio signal reproduced from the hard disk drive  30 . The switching circuit  15  is controlled by the system controller  10 . In case of outputting the audio signal from the received television broadcasting or the external audio input terminal  14 , the switching circuit  15  is switched to the terminal  15 A side. In case of outputting the audio signal from the hard disk drive  30 , the switching circuit  15  is switched to the terminal  15 B side. 
     An output of the switching circuit  15  is supplied to an audio amplifier  16 . The audio signal from the switching circuit  15  is amplified by the audio amplifier  16 . This audio signal is supplied to a speaker  17 . 
     The component video signals Y, U, and V from the video signal processing circuit  7  are supplied to the A/D converter  21  in order to preserve in the hard disk drive  30 . In the A/D converter  21 , the component video signals from the video signal processing circuit  7  are converted into digital signals. An output of the field memory  22  is supplied to a field memory  22 . An output of the A/D converter  21  is supplied to an image compressing circuit  23 . In the image compressing circuit  23 , the component video signals are compressed. As a compressing system of an image, for example, a motion JPEG is used and the signal is compressed so that a code amount of one field is equalized. The video data compressed by the image compressing circuit  23  is transmitted to a bus  29  through a buffer memory  24 . 
     The audio signal from the audio source change-over switch  13  is supplied to the A/D converter  25  in order to preserve in the hard disk drive  30 . In the A/D converter  25 , the audio signal from the audio source change-over switch  13  is converted to the digital signal. An output of the A/D converter  25  is supplied to an audio compressing circuit  26 . The audio signal is compressed in the audio compressing circuit  26 . For example, a non-linear PCM is used as a compressing system of audio. The audio data compressed by the audio compressing circuit  26  is transmitted to the bus  29  through a buffer memory  28 . 
     The video data from the buffer memory  24  and the audio data from the audio compressing circuit  26  are synthesized to blocks of a fixed length. A predetermined header to identify the block is provided in each block. As will be explained hereinlater, information such as compression information, decimation information, and the like to identify the recording mode is included in the header in addition to information of wide/normal, stereo/monaural, recording date, and the like. 
     As mentioned above, the video data and audio data which were synthesized to the blocks are recorded to the hard disk drive  30  through the bus  29  under the control of a recording/reproduction controller  27  comprising a CPU (Central Processing Unit). Thus, the video data and audio data are stored into the hard disk drive  30 . 
     The video data and audio data recorded in the hard disk drive  30  are reproduced under the control of the recording/reproduction controller  27 . The reproduction data from the hard disk drive  30  is supplied to buffer memories  31  and  36  through the bus  29 , respectively. 
     The video data from the buffer memory  31  is supplied to an image decompressing circuit  32 . The component video data Y, U, and V are formed from the video data compressed by, for example, the motion JPEG by the image decompressing circuit  32 . An output of the image decompressing circuit  32  is supplied to the D/A converter  35  through an image processing circuit  33  to form a multiscreen and a field memory  34 . The digital video signal is converted into the analog video signal by the D/A converter  35 . An output of the D/A converter  35  is supplied to the terminal  8 B of the switching circuit  8 . 
     The audio data from the buffer memory  36  is supplied to an audio decompressing circuit  37 . An output of the audio decompressing circuit  37  is supplied to the D/A converter  38 . The digital audio signal is converted into the analog audio signal by the D/A converter  38 . An output of the D/A converter  38  is supplied to the terminal  15 B of the switching circuit  15 . 
     The system controller  10  controls the whole television receiver. The system controller  10  and recording/reproduction processing controller  27  are bidirectionally connected. 
     An input is supplied from a remote commander  52  to the system controller  10  through a photosensing unit  42 . Various operations are set on the basis of an input from the remote commander  52 . The output of the system controller  10  is supplied to a display generating circuit  44 . A display signal showing various operation setting states is generated from the display generating circuit  44 . An output of the display generating circuit  44  is supplied to the video output circuit  9  and the various operating states are displayed on the screen. A timer  45  is provided for the system controller  10 . The timer  45  is used to set a time which is required to preserve a program. 
     As shown in FIG. 2, the television receiver to which the invention is applied can be operated by using the remote commander  52 . 
     Various keys to perform the fundamental setting of the television receiver are provided for the remote commander  52 . That is, there are provided: a power switch  61  to turn on/off a power source of the television receiver; channel keys  62  to set a channel; channel up/down keys  63 A and  63 B; volume up/down keys  64 A and  64 B; and an input source change-over switch  65 . 
     Further, as various keys to control the recording and reproduction of the hard disk drive  30  of the television receiver, the following keys are arranged on the remote commander  52  to operate the television receiver to which the invention is applied. That is, a program pause key  66 , a book mark record key  67 , an interval repeat key  68 , a cancel key  69 , a reverse rotation skip play key  70 , a reverse rotation high speed feed key  71 , a double speed key  72 , a forward rotation high speed feed key  73 , a forward rotation skip key  74 , an overview search key  75 , arrow keys  76 A and  76 B, and a decide key  77  are arranged. A recording mode key  78  is also arranged. 
     When the program pause key  66  is pressed, the picture plane which is being received is stopped in this moment and is displayed as a still image. For this period of time, the program is recorded into the hard disk drive  30  of the television receiver. When the program pause key  66  is again pressed, the program recorded in the hard disk drive  30  is reproduced from the scene at the timing corresponding to the still image. 
     When the book mark record key  67  is pressed, the program which is being broadcasted at this time can be preserved in the hard disk drive  30  of the television receiver. 
     A repeat play mode is set by the interval repeat key  68 . When the interval repeat key  68  is first pressed, a start position of the repetition is set. When the interval repeat key  68  is subsequently pressed, an end position of the repetition is set. 
     The cancel key  69  is pressed to cancel the set operation or function. 
     The reverse rotation skip play key  70 , reverse rotation high speed feed key  71 , double speed key  72 , forward rotation high speed key  73 , and forward rotation skip key  74  are keys to perform the variable speed reproduction. 
     The overview search key  75 , arrow keys  76 A and  76 B, and decide key  77  are used to search a desired program. When the overview search key  75  is pressed, the picture plane of the television receiver is divided into a center picture plane and a plurality of peripheral small picture planes. Among the picture planes recorded in the hard disk drive  30 , the picture planes of every predetermined time are displayed in the small peripheral picture planes. When a desired one of a plurality of picture planes is selected and the reproduction start position is searched by the operations of the arrow keys  76 A and  76 B, the decide key  77  is pressed. When the decide key  77  is pressed, the reproduction is started from the selected picture plane. 
     The recording mode key  78  is used to set the standard recording mode or the long time recording mode. Besides the standard recording mode (SP mode), an LP mode in which the recording time is doubled and an EP mode in which the recording mode is tripled can be set by the recording mode key  78 . 
     As mentioned above, the overview search key  75  is provided for the remote commander  52  of the television receiver to which the invention is applied. By using the overview search key  75 , a desired reproduction start position can be easily searched from the information recorded in the hard disk drive  30 . 
     That is, now assuming that the recording time of the hard disk drive  30  is set to, for example, 60 minutes, by depressing the overview search key  75 , the recording picture plane of 60 minutes is divided, for example, every 5 minutes and the picture planes of every 5 minutes are displayed as index images, 
     That is, as shown in FIG. 3A, a picture plane  80  is divided into a plurality of small picture planes  81 A,  81 B,  81 C, . . . . Now, assuming that the picture plane of the screen  81 A is a picture plane of “0 minute”, the picture planes of “5 min”, “10 min”, “15 min”, . . . are displayed in the screens  81 B,  81 C,  81 D, . . . . The time order of the picture planes  81 A,  81 B,  81 C, . . . is set to be clockwise so that the user can easily recognize. The elapsed time is displayed by characters in each of the picture planes  81 B,  81 C,  81 D, . . . . The moving image of the selected picture plane is displayed in a center small picture plane  83 . 
     A desired target picture plane is selected from the picture planes  81 A,  81 B,  81 C, . . . of every 5 minutes. The selection of the target picture plane is performed by the operations of the arrow keys  76 A and  76 B of the remote commander. Among the picture planes  81 A to  81 L, a picture plane frame  82  different from the other picture plane frames is displayed in the selected picture plane. At the same time, a moving image corresponding to the selected target picture plane is displayed in the center picture plane  83 . The elapsed time is displayed in the moving image by characters. With which time zone of the index image the time zone when the picture plane is at present being reproduced is concerned can be visually known by making the colors of the picture plane frames coincident. 
     When the overview search key  75  is further pressed, as shown in FIG. 3B, each picture plane is offset by one minute at a time and the picture planes of “1 min”, “6 min”, “11 min”, “16 min”, . . . are displayed in the screens  81 A,  81 B,  81 C,  81 D, . . . . When the overview search key  75  is further pressed, each picture plane is further offset by one minute at a time. The picture planes of “2 min”, “7 min”, “12 min”, and “17 min” are displayed in the screens  81 A,  81 B,  81 C,  81 D, . . . . 
     The user searches the time zone when he wants to start the reproduction of the moving image while seeing the index picture planes  81 A,  81 B,  81 C, . . . . When the time zone when the user wants to start the reproduction of the moving image is searched, the decide key  77  is pressed. When the decide key  77  is pressed, as shown in FIG. 3C, a full screen display is performed and the reproduction of the moving image is started from the picture plane at the selected time. 
     According to the invention as mentioned above, with which time zone of the index image the time zone when the image is at present being reproduced is concerned can be visually known by making the colors of the picture plane frames coincident. The time order of the index picture planes which are displayed in the screens  81 A,  81 B,  81 C,  81 D, . . . is set to be clockwise in consideration of the actual life. The elapsed time is displayed by characters in each of the screens  81 A,  81 B,  81 C,  81 D, . . . of the indices. The detailed reproduction elapsed time is displayed by characters in the moving image of the center picture plane  83 . Therefore, the user can easily recognize the time and can easily search. 
     As mentioned above, when the overview search key  75  is depressed, the recording picture plane of 60 minutes recorded in the hard disk drive  30  is divided, for example, every 5 minutes and is displayed in a plurality of screens  81 A,  81 B,  81 C,  81 D, . . . . When the overview search key  75  is further pressed, each picture plane is offset by one minute at a time. Therefore, the image serving as an index of the picture plane which the user desires to search is displayed in anywhere on the index screens  81 A,  81 B,  81 C,  81 D, . . . . A desired reproduction start position can be searched from such a picture plane. 
     FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing processes for enabling a desired reproduction start position to be easily retrieved by divisionally displaying the image information preserved in the hard disk drive  30  every predetermined time. 
     In FIG. 4, whether an index picture plane as shown in FIGS. 3A to  3 C is formed or not is discriminated by checking whether the overview search key  75  has been pressed or not (step ST 1 ). In case of forming the index picture, a dividing time T, a dividing interval t, and offset time n (n=0) are set (step ST 2 ). 
     The image information recorded in the hard disk drive  30  is divided at time T and every dividing interval t (step ST 3 ). In the invention, the video data of one field has been compressed to a field of a fixed length and recorded in the hard disk drive  30 . Therefore, there is a corresponding relation between the address in the hard disk drive  30  and the recording time. Consequently, the image information recorded in the hard disk drive  30  can be divided every predetermined time by a simple address arithmetic operation. 
     When the image information in the hard disk drive  30  is divided every predetermined time, the picture planes are accessed, the index images are formed from those divisional picture planes, and search picture planes are formed and displayed (step ST 4 ). As shown in FIG. 3A, consequently, the images of every time are displayed as index picture planes onto the multiscreen. 
     A time zone when the user executes a desired moving image reproduction is selected on such a multiscreen (step ST 5 ). Whether the index picture planes are updated or not is discriminated (step ST 6 ). 
     In case of updating the index picture planes, the overview search key  75  is further pressed. 
     In case of updating the index picture planes, the divisional offset time n is set (step ST 7 ). The processing routine is returned to step ST 3 . Thus, as shown in FIG. 3B, the index picture planes which are advanced by only the offset time n are displayed on the multiscreen. 
     When the index picture planes are not updated in step ST 6 , a check is made to see if the picture plane to start the moving image reproduction has been decided on the multiscreen (step ST 8 ). When the time zone of the picture plane in which the user wants to perform the moving image reproduction is set, the decide key  77  is pressed. When the decide key  77  is pressed and the time zone when the user desires to start the moving image reproduction is determined, the video data in the decided time zone is read out from the hard disk drive  30  and the moving image is displayed on the full screen as shown in FIG. 3C (step ST 9 ). 
     In the television receiver to which the invention is applied as mentioned above, the video data is compressed by the motion JPEG so that the data of one field is set to a fixed length. Therefore, the image information recorded in the hard disk drive  30  can be divided every predetermined time or the offset time can be given by the simple address arithmetic operations. Those arithmetic operations are executed by, for example, the system controller  10  and the hard disk drive  30  is accessed on the basis of the arithmetic operation results. 
     That is,in the television receiver to which the invention is applied, in case of compressing and recording the video data to the hard disk drive  30 , the compressing process is executed by the image compressing circuit  23  so that the compression data of one field is equalized. Such a process is realized by a method whereby, for instance, the input video data is subsampled into ¼ field, the compression is tried a plurality of times to the video data of the same field, a code amount is presumed, and a quantization table is set so as to obtain a predetermined code amount. 
     The video data of one field compressed so as to have the predetermined code amount is divided into blocks of a fixed length as shown in FIG.  5 . As shown in FIG. 5, each block comprises the video data obtained by compressing one field by a fixed length and the audio data. A predetermined header to identify the block is provided at the head of each block. As mentioned above, the data is recorded in the hard disk drive  30  while using the blocks of the fixed length as files. 
     As described above, since the image of each field is recorded as a file of a fixed length into the hard disk drive  30 , the access address in the hard disk drive  30  of the index image at a certain time T can be obtained by a simple arithmetic operation by converting the elapsed time from the recording start time to the number of fields. That is, a logic address on the hard disk (HDD) can be obtained as follows by the start address of the hard disk, the number of fields converted from the elapsed time, and the number of sectors of the block fixed length. 
     
       
         (logic address on the HDD)=(start address of the HDD)+(the number of fields)×(block fixed sector length) 
       
     
     Since the conversion of the number of fields can be specified by how many seconds of the real time the one recorded field corresponds to, it can be easily calculated. For example, in case of performing the subsampling of ¼ field and reproducing, the image data of one field corresponds to about 0.25 second. 
     As mentioned above, in the television receiver to which the invention is applied, when the overview search key  75  is pressed, the recording picture plane of 60 minutes is divided, for example, every 5 minutes and the divided picture planes are displayed onto a plurality of screens  81 A,  81 B,  81 C,  81 D, . . . of every 5 minutes. When the overview search key  75  is further depressed, each picture plane is offset by one minute at a time. Therefore, the image as an index of the picture plane which the user wants to search is displayed on any one of the index screens  81 A,  81 B,  81 C,  81 D, . . . and the desired recording position can be searched from the picture plane. Since the video data in which one field was compressed to a fixed length is recorded in the hard disk drive  30 , the reproduction picture plane of each time zone can be displayed by the simple address arithmetic operation. 
     In the embodiment, although the video data based on the received picture plane has been preserved in the hard disk drive, the invention can be also similarly applied to a case of preserving the video data into another recording medium, for example, a semiconductor memory on the basis of the received picture plane. 
     Another embodiment of the invention will now be described. 
     In a television receiver to which the embodiment can be applied, the recording mode key  78  is arranged on the remote commander  52  and the normal mode, LP mode, and EP mode can be set. In the LP mode, the recording time that is twice as long as that in the standard mode can be obtained. In the EP mode, the recording time that is three times as long as that in the standard mode can be obtained. 
     The setting of the LP mode or EP mode is performed by, for instance, changing a compression ratio of the video signal. 
     That is, the image compressing circuit  23  can change a compression ratio by changing, for instance, a quantization table. For example, when the recording mode is set to the LP mode, the compression ratio is set to, for example, a value which is twice as large as that in the standard mode. When the recording mode is further set to the EP mode, the compression ratio is set to a value which is three times as large as that in the standard mode. 
     For example, in case of the normal mode, as shown in FIG. 6A, the video data of one field is arranged in one block. The header is provided at the head of each block. That is, the video data of a field v 1  and a header d 1  are arranged in a block B 1 . The video data of a field v 2  and a header v 2  are arranged in a block B 2 . The video data of a field v 3  and a header d 3  are arranged in a block B 3 . Although the video data is arranged in the block on the diagram, the video data can also include audio data as shown in FIG.  5 . 
     In case of the LP mode, as shown in FIG. 6B, the data of two fields are arranged in one block and the header is provided at the head of each block. That is, the video data of the fields v 1  and v 2  and the header d 1  are arranged in the block B. The video data of the fields v 3  and v 4  and the header d 2  are arranged in the block B 2 . The video data of fields v 5  and v 6  and the header d 3  are arranged in the block B 3 . Mode information showing the LP mode is included in each of the headers d 1 , d 2 , d 3 , . . . . The compression ratio information can be also used as mode information. 
     In case of the EP mode, as shown in FIG. 6C, the data of three fields is arranged in one block and the header is provided at the head of each block. That is, the video data of the fields v 1 , v 2 , and v 3  and the header d 1  are arranged in the block B 1 . The video data of the fields v 4 , v 5 , and v 6  and the header d 2  are arranged in the block B 2 . The video data of the fields v 7 , v 8 , and v 9  and the header d 3  are arranged in the block B 3 . Mode information showing the EP mode is included in each of the headers d 1 , d 2 , d 3 , . . . . The compression ratio information can be also used as mode information. 
     In case of the LP mode, the data of two fields is arranged in one block and, in case of the EP mode, the data of three fields is arranged in one block as mentioned above. However, in the LP mode, the compression ratio is set to a value that is twice as large as that in the standard mode and, in the EP mode, the compression ratio is set to a value which is three times as large as that in the standard mode. Therefore, a size L B  of block in each mode is the same. Therefore, the recording process of the data to the hard disk drive  30  can be similarly performed. 
     Upon reproduction, the mode information is derived from the information of the header. In accordance with the mode information, whether the recording mode is the normal mode, LP mode, or EP mode can be discriminated. In case of the standard mode, as shown in FIG. 7A, information showing the standard mode is obtained from the headers d 1 , d 2 , d 3  . . . . In this case, the video data of one field is decompressed from the data of one block. That is, as shown in FIG. 7A, the data of the field v 1  is decompressed from the data of the block B 1 , the data of the field v 2  is decompressed from the data of the block B 2 , and the data of the field v 3  is decompressed from the data of the block B 3 . 
     In case of the LP mode, as shown in FIG. 7B, information showing the LP mode is derived from the headers d 1 , d 2 , d 3 , . . . . In this case, the video data of two fields is decompressed from the data of one block. That is, as shown in FIG. 7B, the data of the fields v 1  and v 2  is decompressed from the data of the block B 1 . The data of the fields v 3  and v 4  is decompressed from the data of the block B 2 . The data of the fields v 5  and v 6  is decompressed from the data of the block B 3 . 
     In case of the EP mode, as shown in FIG. 7C, information showing the EP mode is derived from the headers d 1 , d 2 , d 3 , . . . . In this case, the video data of three fields is decompressed from the data of one block. That is, as shown in FIG. 7C, the data of the fields v 1 , v 2 , and v 3  is decompressed from the data of the block B 1 . The data of the fields v 4 , v 5 , and v 6  is decompressed from the data of the block B 2 . The data of the fields v 7 , v 8 , and v 9  is decompressed from the data of the block B 3 . 
     In the above example, by varying the compression ratio, the recording mode is set to the long time mode. However, the long time recording can be also performed by subsampling. 
     That is, by controlling the reading operation from the field memory  22 , the subsampling can be performed. For example, when the recording mode is set to the LP mode, the subsampling of one field is performed to two fields. For instance, when the recording mode is set to the EP mode, the subsampling of one field is executed to three fields. 
     As shown in FIG. 8A, for instance, in case of the normal mode, the video data of one field is arranged in one block and the data of each field is sequentially arranged in each block. The video data of the field v 1  and the header d 1  are arranged in the block B 1 . The video data of the field v 2  and the header d 2  are arranged in the block B 2 . The video data of the field v 3  and the header d 3  are arranged in the block B 3 . 
     In case of the LP mode, as shown in FIG. 8B, the subsampling of one field is performed to two fields. The video data of the field v 1  and the header d 1  are arranged in the block B 1 . The video data of the field v 3  and the header d 2  are arranged in the block B 2 . The video data of the field v 5  and the header d 3  are arranged in the block B 3 . The mode information showing the LP mode is included in each of the headers d 1 , d 2 , d 3 , . . . . 
     In case of the EP mode, as shown in FIG. 8C, the subsampling of one field is performed to three fields. The video data of the field v 1  and the header d 1  are arranged in the block B 1 . The video data of the field v 4  and the header d 2  are arranged in the block B 2 . The video data of the field v 7  and the header d 3  are arranged in the block B 3 . The mode information showing the EP mode is included in each of the headers d 1 , d 2 , d 3 , . . . . 
     Upon reproduction, the mode information is obtained from the information of the header. Whether the recording mode is the normal mode, LP mode, or EP mode is discriminated in accordance with the mode information. In case of the standard mode, as shown in FIG. 9A, the information showing the standard mode is derived from the headers d 1 , d 2 , d 3 , . . . . As shown in FIG. 9A, the data of the field v 1  is decompressed from the data of the block B 1 . The data of the field v 2  is decompressed from the data of the block B 2 . The data of the field v 3  is decompressed from the data of the block B 3 . 
     In case of the LP mode, as shown in FIG. 9B, the information indicative of the LP mode is derived from the headers d 1 , d 2 , d 3  . . . . In case of the LP mode, as shown in FIG. 9B, the data of the field v 1  is decompressed from the data of the block B 1 . The data of the field v 1  is reproduced over two fields. The data of the field v 3  is decompressed from the data of the block B 2 . The data of the field v 3  is reproduced over two fields. 
     In case of the EP mode, as shown in FIG. 9C, the information indicative of the EP mode is derived from the headers d 1 , d 2 , d 3 , In case of the EP mode, as shown in FIG. 9C, the data of the field v 1  is decompressed from the data of the block B 1 . The data of the field v 1  is reproduced over three fields. The data of the field v 4  is decompressed from the data of the block B 2 . The data of the field v 4  is reproduced over three fields. 
     In the above example, although the LP mode of the double recording time and the EP mode of the triple recording time have been described, the other recording time can be also similarly set. The recording time can be also set in combination of the compression ratio and the subsampling. 
     According to the embodiment of the invention, when the overview search key is pressed, the display picture plane is divided into a plurality of small picture planes. The video data recorded in the hard disk drive of every predetermined time is divisionally displayed in each divided picture plane. When the overview search key is further depressed, each picture plane is offset every predetermined time. Therefore, the image as an index of the picture plane which the user wants to search is displayed on any one of the index picture planes. A desired recording position can be easily searched from such a picture plane. 
     According to the other embodiment of the invention, when the video signal is compressed and recorded onto the recording medium, by changing the compression ratio, the long time recording mode can be easily set. By dividing the video signal into blocks of a fixed length and by providing the header including the information regarding the recording mode into the blocks, the recording and reproducing processes can be executed in a manner similar to the normal recording mode. The compression ratio can be easily set to a value according to the recording mode upon reproduction. Even when the recording mode is changed during the operation, a disturbance of the picture plane does not occur. 
     When the video signal is recorded onto the recording medium, by changing the subsampling interval, the long time recording mode can be easily set. By dividing the video signal into the blocks of a fixed length and by providing the header including the information regarding the recording mode into the blocks, the recording and reproducing processes can be executed in a manner similar to the normal recording mode. The interpolating process according to the recording mode can be easily performed upon reproduction. Even when the recording mode is changed during the operation, a disturbance of the picture plane does not occur. 
     The present invention is not limited to the foregoing embodiments but many modifications and variations are possible within the spirit and scope of the appended claims of the invention.