Abstract:
A display apparatus includes a flexible display panel including a terminal part, the terminal part being configured to receive a driving signal, a window assembly covering the display panel, and a driving circuit film coupled to the terminal part of the display panel, the driving circuit film being configured to apply the driving signal to the display panel, and at least one of the terminal part and the driving circuit film being fixed to the window assembly.

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION 
       [0001]    Korean Patent Application No. 10-2013-0039873, filed on Apr. 11, 2013, in the Korean Intellectual Property Office, and entitled: “Display Apparatus,” is incorporated by reference herein in its entirety. 
       BACKGROUND 
       [0002]    1. Field 
         [0003]    The present disclosure relates to a display apparatus. More particularly, the present disclosure relates to a display apparatus having a flexible property. 
         [0004]    2. Description of the Related Art 
         [0005]    In recent years, a display apparatus including a flexible display panel has been developed. The flexible display panel includes a flexible base substrate, e.g., a plastic substrate, a plastic film, a metal substrate with a thin film, etc., and pixels arranged on the flexible base substrate. The flexible display panel may be used, e.g., for mobile electronics. 
       SUMMARY 
       [0006]    Embodiments provide a display apparatus including a flexible display panel including a terminal part, the terminal part being configured to receive a driving signal, a window assembly covering the display panel, and a driving circuit film coupled to the terminal part of the display panel, the driving circuit film being configured to apply the driving signal to the display panel, and at least one of the terminal part and the driving circuit film being fixed to the window assembly. 
         [0007]    The driving circuit film may include a bent portion, the bent portion being bent away from the window assembly. 
         [0008]    The display apparatus may further include a driving circuit board parallel to the window assembly, the display panel being between the driving circuit board and the window assembly, a first end portion of the driving circuit film being coupled to the terminal part of the display panel, a second end portion of the driving circuit film being coupled to the driving circuit board, and a bent portion of the driving circuit film being bent from the terminal part to the driving circuit board. 
         [0009]    The window assembly may include a window substrate including a light transmission part corresponding to a display area of the display panel, a touch screen panel on the window substrate, the touch screen panel being configured to sense a position of a touch event on the window substrate, and a first adhesive member on the touch screen panel, the first adhesive member connecting the touch screen panel to the display panel. 
         [0010]    A portion of the driving circuit film coupled to the terminal part of the display panel may be connected to the first adhesive member, the terminal part of the display panel being fixed to the window assembly via the driving circuit film and the first adhesive member. 
         [0011]    The display apparatus may further include a second adhesive member, a first surface of the second adhesive member being adhered to at least one of the terminal part and a portion of the driving circuit film coupled to the terminal part, and a second surface of the second adhesive member being adhered to the first adhesive member. 
         [0012]    The display panel may further include a display substrate configured to emit light and to display an image using the emitted light, and an optical film having a first surface adhered to the display substrate and a second surface, which faces the first surface, adhered to the first adhesive member, the second adhesive member having a same thickness as a thickness of the optical film. 
         [0013]    The display panel may be an organic electroluminescent light emitting display panel. 
         [0014]    The display apparatus may further include a backlight assembly facing the window assembly, the backlight assembly being configured output light to the display panel, and the display panel being a liquid crystal display panel between the backlight assembly and the window assembly. 
         [0015]    The display apparatus may further include a second adhesive member on at least one of the terminal part and a portion of the driving circuit film coupled to the terminal part, the second adhesive member being directly on the touch screen panel and affixing the terminal part to the window assembly. 
         [0016]    The first adhesive member may be transparent, the first adhesive member having a shape corresponding to the touch screen panel. 
         [0017]    The window assembly may include a window substrate including a light transmission part corresponding to a display area of the display panel, a touch screen panel on the window substrate, the touch screen panel being configured to sense a position of a touch event on the window substrate, and a first adhesive member on the window substrate, the first adhesive member connecting the window substrate to the display panel. 
         [0018]    At least one of the terminal part and a portion of the driving circuit film coupled to the terminal part may be adhered to the first adhesive member, the terminal part being fixed to the window assembly via the portion of the driving circuit film and the first adhesive member. 
         [0019]    The display apparatus may further include a second adhesive member adhered to at least one of the terminal part and a portion of the driving circuit film coupled to the terminal part, the terminal part being fixed to the window assembly via the portion of the driving circuit film, the first adhesive member, and the second adhesive member. 
         [0020]    The display panel may further include a display substrate configured to emit light to display an image using the light, and an optical film including a first surface adhered to the display substrate and a second surface, which faces the first surface, adhered to the first adhesive member, the second adhesive member having a same thickness as a thickness of the optical film. 
         [0021]    The display apparatus may further include a second adhesive member adhered to at least one of the terminal part and the portion of the driving circuit film coupled to the terminal part, the second adhesive member being directly on the window substrate, the terminal part being affixed to the window assembly via the portion of the driving circuit film and the second adhesive member. 
         [0022]    The driving circuit film may include a driving chip configured to generate the driving signal, the driving chip being on the driving circuit film in a chip-on-flexible board structure. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0023]    Features will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art by describing in detail exemplary embodiments with reference to the attached drawings, in which: 
           [0024]      FIG. 1  illustrates an exploded perspective view of a display apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure; 
           [0025]      FIG. 2  illustrates a cross-sectional view taken along line I-I′ of  FIG. 1 ; 
           [0026]      FIG. 3  illustrates a cross-sectional view of a display apparatus according to another exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure; 
           [0027]      FIG. 4  illustrates a cross-sectional view of a display apparatus according to another exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure; 
           [0028]      FIG. 5  illustrates a cross-sectional view of a display apparatus according to another exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure; 
           [0029]      FIG. 6  illustrates a cross-sectional view of a display apparatus according to another exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure; 
           [0030]      FIG. 7  illustrates a cross-sectional view of a display apparatus according to another exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure; and 
           [0031]      FIG. 8  illustrates a cross-sectional view of a display apparatus according to another exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
       [0032]    Example embodiments will now be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings; however, they may be embodied in different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey exemplary implementations to those skilled in the art. 
         [0033]    It will be understood that when an element or layer is referred to as being “on”, “connected to” or “coupled to” another element or layer, it can be directly on, connected or coupled to the other element or layer, or intervening elements or layers may be present. In contrast, when an element is referred to as being “directly on,” “directly connected to” or “directly coupled to” another element or layer, there are no intervening elements or layers present. Like numbers refer to like elements throughout. As used herein, the term “and/or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. 
         [0034]    It will be understood that, although the terms first, second, etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, components, regions, layers and/or sections, these elements, components, regions, layers and/or sections should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element, component, region, layer or section from another region, layer or section. Thus, a first element, component, region, layer or section discussed below could be termed a second element, component, region, layer or section without departing from the teachings of the present disclosure. 
         [0035]    Spatially relative terms, such as “beneath”, “below”, “lower”, “above”, “upper” and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one element or feature&#39;s relationship to another element(s) or feature(s) as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as “below” or “beneath” other elements or features would then be oriented “above” the other elements or features. Thus, the exemplary term “below” can encompass both an orientation of above and below. The device may be otherwise oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly. 
         [0036]    The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the disclosure. As used herein, the singular forms, “a”, “an” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms “includes” and/or “including”, when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof. 
         [0037]    Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein. 
         [0038]    Hereinafter, the present disclosure will be explained in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. 
         [0039]      FIG. 1  illustrates an exploded perspective view of a display apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, and  FIG. 2  illustrates a cross-sectional view taken along line I-I′ of  FIG. 1 . 
         [0040]    Referring to  FIGS. 1 and 2 , a display apparatus  200  may include a display panel  50 , a driving circuit film  80 , a driving circuit board  90 , and a window assembly  100 . In addition to the above-described elements, the display apparatus  200  may further include other elements, e.g., a housing that accommodates the above-described elements. However, descriptions of other elements, except for the above-described elements, will be omitted in  FIGS. 1 and 2 . 
         [0041]    The display panel  50  emits light to display an image using the light. In the present exemplary embodiment, the display panel  50  has a flexible property, i.e., exhibits flexibility. The display panel  50  may be, but not limited to, an organic electroluminescent light emitting display panel. In this case, the display panel  50  may include a display substrate  51  and an optical film  55  disposed on the display substrate  51 . 
         [0042]    The display substrate  51  may include a base substrate having the flexible property, e.g., a plastic substrate, a plastic film, a metal substrate with a thin film shape, etc., and a plurality of pixels disposed on the base substrate. The pixels may be realized by organic electroluminescent light emitting diodes. In addition, the optical film  55  may include a polarizing film (not shown) and a phase difference film (not shown). The polarizing film polarizes light incident on the display substrate  51  and light reflected from the display substrate  51 . In this case, the phase difference film is disposed closer to the display substrate  51  than to the polarizing film to control a phase of the incident light and the reflected light. 
         [0043]    Also, the display substrate  51  may include a terminal part  58  that receives a driving signal used to display the image. The terminal part  58  is disposed at one side of the display substrate  51  and includes a plurality of signal lines electrically connected to the pixels or bonding pads electrically connected to the signal lines in a one-to-one correspondence relationship. 
         [0044]    The driving circuit film  80  may include an insulating film having a flexible property, e.g., a plastic film, and a plurality of conductive lines disposed on the insulating film. The driving circuit film  80  is coupled to the display panel  50  and the driving circuit board  90  to electrically connect the display panel  50  and the driving circuit board  90 . In detail, first terminals (not shown) disposed at a first end portion P 1  of the driving circuit film  80  may be electrically connected to the terminal part  58  of the display panel  50  and second terminals (not shown) disposed at a second end portion P 2  of the driving circuit film  80  may be electrically connected to a terminal part (not shown) of the driving circuit board  90 . In the present exemplary embodiment, the driving circuit film  80  may further include a driving IC chip to generate the driving signal, e.g., the driving IC chip may be mounted on the driving circuit film  80  in a chip-on-flexible board (COF) method. 
         [0045]    The driving circuit board  90  is disposed to face the window assembly  100  while interposing the display panel  50  therebetween. In the present exemplary embodiment, a timing controller may be mounted on the driving circuit board  90 . The timing controller generates a control signal to control the image displayed in the display panel  50 , and the control signal is applied to the driving IC chip through the driving circuit film  80 . In addition, plural electronic parts, which control various functions of the display apparatus  200 , may be mounted on the driving circuit board  90 . For instance, a camera module, a speaker module, and memory chips, which are operated in connection with the display panel  50 , may be mounted on the driving circuit board  90 . 
         [0046]    As described above, since the display panel  50  is disposed between the window assembly  100  and the driving circuit board  90 , the driving circuit film  80  is bent, so that the driving circuit film  80  is easily coupled to the terminal part  58  of the display panel  50  and to the driving circuit board  90 . In other words, when the driving circuit film  80  has a structure that is extended from the first end portion P 1  to the second end portion P 2 , the driving circuit film  80  includes a bent portion P 3  disposed between the first end portion P 1  and the second end portion P 2 . In more detail, the bent portion P 3  is bent from the terminal part  58  to the driving circuit board  90 , e.g., the bent portion P 3  is bent in a direction extending away from the window assembly  100 . 
         [0047]    The window assembly  100  covers the display panel  50 . The window assembly  100  may include a window substrate  110 , a touch screen panel  120 , a first adhesive member  130 , and a sub-adhesive member  115 . 
         [0048]    In the present exemplary embodiment, the window substrate  110  may include a light transmission part  111  and a light blocking part  112 . The light transmission part  111  is disposed to overlap, i.e., correspond to, a display area DA of the display panel  50 , so the light emitted from the display panel  50  transmits through the light transmission part  111  to be perceived by a user. The light blocking part  112  is disposed to overlap, i.e., to correspond to, a non-display area of the display panel  50 , i.e., an area excluded from the display area DA, so the light emitted from the display panel  50  is blocked by the light blocking part  112 . In another exemplary embodiment, the window substrate  110  may have an opening portion corresponding to the display area DA. 
         [0049]    The touch screen panel  120  is coupled to the window substrate  110  to sense a position of touch event occurring on the window substrate  110 . In the present exemplary embodiment, the touch screen panel  120  is a capacitive type touch screen panel. However, embodiments are not limited thereto, e.g., the touch screen panel  120  may be a resistive film type touch screen panel, an ultrasonic type touch screen panel, or an infrared type touch screen panel, instead of the capacitive type touch screen panel. 
         [0050]    The first adhesive member  130  is provided on the touch screen panel  120  to adhere the touch screen panel  120  to the display panel  50 . For example, the first adhesive member  130  may be between, e.g., directly between, a bottom of the touch screen panel  120  and a top of the terminal part  58  of the display panel  50 . In the present exemplary embodiment, the first adhesive member  130  has a thin film shape corresponding to the display panel  50  and the touch screen panel  120 , and is a transparent adhesive film through which light is transmitted, e.g., an optical clear adhesive (OCA) film. 
         [0051]    The sub-adhesive member  115  is interposed between the window substrate  110  and the touch screen panel  120  to adhere the touch screen panel  120  to the window substrate  110 . In the present exemplary embodiment, the sub-adhesive member  115  has a similar shape and optical property as those of the first adhesive member  130 . 
         [0052]    As illustrated in  FIGS. 1-2 , the first end portion P 1  of the driving circuit film  80  is adhered to the first adhesive member  130 , so the terminal part  58  coupled to the first end portion P  1  is fixed to the window assembly  100 . That is, the terminal part  58  is affixed to the touch screen panel  120  via the first end portion P  1  of the driving circuit film  80  and via the first adhesive member  130 . For example, as illustrated in  FIG. 2 , end portions of the terminal part  58  and the first end portion P 1  of the driving circuit film  80  may overlap each other, and may further overlap and be parallel to an end portion of the touch screen panel  120 . 
         [0053]    In contrast, if a terminal part of a display panel and an end portion of the driving circuit film are not affixed to a window assembly, the terminal part may be subjected to a continuous stress. That is, if the terminal part  58  and the first end portion P 1  are not affixed to the window assembly  100 , the terminal part  58  may bend toward the driving circuit board  90  due to an elastic force of the driving circuit film  80  having the bent portion P 3  and the flexible property of the terminal part  58 . As such, signal lines and/or bonding pads in the terminal part  58  may be damaged, e.g., due to bending and/or stress. 
         [0054]    However, according to example embodiments, since the terminal part  58  is fixed to the window assembly  100 , the terminal part  58  is prevented from being bent, e.g., toward the circuit board  90 . Thus, the signal lines and/or the bonding pads, which are formed in the terminal part  58 , are prevented from being damaged due to stress, e.g., bending. 
         [0055]    In the present exemplary embodiment shown in  FIG. 2 , the first end portion P 1  is adhered to the first adhesive member  130 . However, embodiments are not limited thereto. For example, according to another exemplary embodiment, both the first end portion P 1  of the driving circuit film  80  and an end portion of the display substrate  51 , e.g., a portion of the terminal part  58 , may be adhered to the first adhesive member  130 , as will be described with reference to  FIG. 3 . 
         [0056]      FIG. 3  illustrates a cross-sectional view showing a display apparatus according to another exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. In  FIG. 3 , same reference numerals denote same elements in  FIGS. 1 and 2 , and thus detailed descriptions of the same elements will be omitted. 
         [0057]    Referring to  FIG. 3 , a display apparatus  201  may further include a second adhesive member  135 . A first surface of the second adhesive member  135  may be adhered to the first end portion P 1  of the driving circuit film  80  and to the terminal part  58 , and a second surface of the second adhesive member  135  may be adhered to the first adhesive member  130 . For example, the first surface of the second adhesive member  135  may be in direct contact with both the first end portion P 1  and a portion of the terminal part  58 , and the second surface of the second adhesive member  135  may be in direct contact with the first adhesive member  130 . Therefore, the terminal part  58  may be adhered to the first adhesive member  130  by the second adhesive member  135 . In other words, the terminal part  58  is affixed to the window assembly  100  by the first and second adhesive members  130  and  135 . 
         [0058]    In the present exemplary embodiment, when the optical film  55  has a first thickness T 1 , the second adhesive member  135  has a second thickness T 2  that is substantially the same as the first thickness T 1 . That is, a space between the terminal part  58  and the first adhesive member  130  may be filled with the second adhesive member  135 . Thus, the terminal part  58  is maintained in a flat state while being fixed to the window assembly  100 . 
         [0059]    In the present exemplary embodiment, the second adhesive member  135  may be, but not limited to, an adhesive tape. According to another exemplary embodiment, the second adhesive member  135  may be formed by curing an adhesive material. 
         [0060]      FIG. 4  illustrates a cross-sectional view showing a display apparatus according to another exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. In  FIG. 4 , the same reference numerals denote the same elements in  FIGS. 1-3 , and thus detailed descriptions of the same elements will be omitted. 
         [0061]    Referring to  FIG. 4 , when comparing the structure of the display apparatus  201  shown in  FIG. 3  with a structure of a display apparatus  202  shown in  FIG. 4 , a portion of a first adhesive member  130 _ 1  facing a terminal part  58  is removed. Further, a first surface of a second adhesive member  135 _ 1  is adhered to the first end portion P 1  of the driving circuit film  80  and to the terminal part  58 , and a second surface of the second adhesive member  135 _ 1  is directly adhered to the touch screen panel  120  in the display apparatus  202  shown in  FIG. 4 . Thus, the terminal part  58  and the first end portion P 1  are fixed to the window assembly  100  only by the second adhesive member  135 _ 1 . 
         [0062]    In addition, when the optical film  55  has a first thickness T 1  and the first adhesive member  130 _ 1  has a third thickness T 3 , the second adhesive member  135 _ 1  has a second thickness T 2  that equals a sum of the first thickness T 1  and the third thickness T 3 . That is, a space between the terminal part  58  and the touch screen panel  120  is filled with the second adhesive member  135 _ 1 . Thus, the terminal part  58  is maintained in a flat state while being fixed to the window assembly  100 . 
         [0063]      FIG. 5  illustrates a cross-sectional view showing a display apparatus according to another exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. In  FIG. 5 , the same reference numerals denote the same elements in  FIGS. 1-4 , and thus detailed descriptions of the same elements will be omitted. 
         [0064]    Referring to  FIG. 5 , when comparing the structure of the display apparatus  201  shown in  FIG. 3  with a structure of a display apparatus  203  shown in  FIG. 5 , a window assembly  100 _ 1  of the display apparatus  203  may include a window substrate  110 _ 1 , a touch screen panel  120 _ 1 , the a first adhesive member  130 . Further, the touch screen panel  120 _ 1  is built in the window substrate  110 _ 1 . Therefore, the sub-adhesive member  115  described with reference to  FIGS. 1 and 2  may be omitted from the display apparatus  203 . 
         [0065]    Similar to the exemplary embodiment shown in  FIG. 3 , the first end portion P 1  of the driving circuit film  80  and the terminal part  58  are fixed to the window assembly  100 _ 1  by the first adhesive member  130  and the second adhesive member  135 . 
         [0066]      FIG. 6  illustrates a cross-sectional view showing a display apparatus according to another exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. In  FIG. 6 , the same reference numerals denote the same elements in  FIGS. 1-5 , and thus detailed descriptions of the same elements will be omitted. 
         [0067]    Referring to  FIG. 6 , similar to the exemplary embodiment shown in  FIG. 5 , the touch screen panel  120 _ 1  of the window assembly  100 _ 1  is built in the window substrate  110 _ 1  of a display apparatus  204 . In addition, similar to the exemplary embodiment shown in  FIG. 2 , the first end portion P 1  of the driving circuit film  80  and the terminal part  58  are adhered to the first adhesive member  130  to fix the terminal part  58  to the window assembly  100 _ 1 . 
         [0068]      FIG. 7  illustrates a cross-sectional view showing a display apparatus according to another exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. In  FIG. 7 , the same reference numerals denote the same elements in  FIGS. 1-6 , and thus detailed descriptions of the same elements will be omitted. 
         [0069]    Referring to  FIG. 7 , similar to the exemplary embodiment shown in  FIG. 5 , the touch screen panel  120 _ 1  of the window assembly  100 _ 1  is built in the window substrate  110 _ 1  of a display apparatus  205 . In addition, similar to the exemplary embodiment shown in  FIG. 4 , one surface of the second adhesive member  135 _ 1  is adhered to the first end portion P 1  of the driving circuit film  80  and the terminal part  58 , and the other surface of the second adhesive member  135 _ 1  is adhered to the first adhesive member  130 . Thus, the terminal part  58  is fixed to the window assembly  100 _ 1 . 
         [0070]      FIG. 8  illustrates a cross-sectional view showing a display apparatus according to another exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. In  FIG. 8 , the same reference numerals denote the same elements in  FIGS. 1-7 , and thus detailed descriptions of the same elements will be omitted. 
         [0071]    Referring to  FIG. 8 , a display apparatus  206  includes a display panel  50 _ 1 . The display panel  50 _ 1  may be, but not limited to, a liquid crystal display panel. In this case, the display panel  50 _ 1  may include an array substrate  512  having thin film transistors and pixel electrodes electrically connected to the thin film transistors, an opposite substrate  51 _ 1  facing the array substrate  51 _ 2 , and a liquid crystal layer (not shown) interposed between the array substrate  51 _ 2  and the opposite substrate  51 _ 1 . 
         [0072]    A first optical film  55 _ 1  may be disposed between the opposite substrate  51 _ 1  and the first adhesive member  130 , and the first optical film  55 _ 1  may be adhered to the opposite substrate  51 _ 1  and the first adhesive member  130 . In addition, a second optical film  55 _ 2  may be adhered to a lower surface of the array substrate  51 _ 2 . In the present exemplary embodiment, each of the first and second optical films  55 _ 1  and  55 _ 2  may include a polarizing film, or a polarizing film and a phase difference film. 
         [0073]    As described above, in the case that the display panel  50 _ 1  is the liquid crystal display panel, the display apparatus  206  further includes a backlight assembly BL disposed between a driving circuit film  90  and the display panel  50 _ 1 . The backlight assembly BL outputs light to the display panel  50 _ 1 , and thus the display panel  50 _ 1  displays an image using the light emitted from the backlight assembly BL. 
         [0074]    By way of summary and review, stress, which is caused by a connection structure between the conventional flexible display panel and other parts of the display apparatus, may be continuously applied to a specific portion of the flexible display panel. In this case, the conventional flexible display panel may be damaged by the stress or the connection structure between the conventional flexible display panel and other parts may weaken, thereby causing a progressive functional defect in the display apparatus. 
         [0075]    However, according to example embodiments, an edge of the display panel may be affixed to the window assembly, thereby preventing or substantially minimizing bending of the edge due to the stress. That is, a terminal part coupled to a driving circuit film is fixed to the window assembly, so the ten final part may be prevented from being damaged, e.g., due to stress caused by the driving circuit film and applied to the terminal part, and an electrical connection between the driving circuit film and the terminal part may be prevented from becoming unstable. Therefore, the terminal part of the display panel may be prevented from being damaged and the electrical connection between the driving circuit film and the terminal part may be stably maintained, thereby improving reliability of the display apparatus. 
         [0076]    Example embodiments have been disclosed herein, and although specific terms are employed, they are used and are to be interpreted in a generic and descriptive sense only and not for purpose of limitation. In some instances, as would be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art as of the filing of the present application, features, characteristics, and/or elements described in connection with a particular embodiment may be used singly or in combination with features, characteristics, and/or elements described in connection with other embodiments unless otherwise specifically indicated. Accordingly, it will be understood by those of skill in the art that various changes in form and details may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as set forth in the following claims.