Abstract:
The disclosure describes customizable optoelectronic modules and methods for standardizing a plurality of the customizable optoelectronic modules. The customizable optoelectronic modules can be configured to mitigate dimensional variations and misalignments in a number of their respective constituent components such as optical assemblies and sensor covers. The customizable optoelectronic modules and methods for standardizing a plurality of the customizable optoelectronic modules can obviate the need for binning during manufacturing thereby saving considerable resources such as time and expense.

Description:
TECHNICAL FIELD 
       [0001]    This disclosure relates to optoelectronic modules with customizable features. 
       BACKGROUND 
       [0002]    Optoelectronic modules include multiple components (such as transparent covers, optical filters, and lens or optical assemblies). Optoelectronic modules are often manufactured from mass-produced components. Due to manufacturing tolerances, or other fabrication variations, these mass-produced components can have variable dimensions, while in other cases ostensibly identical lens or optical assemblies can in fact possess variable focal lengths or tilted optical axes. Components with variable dimensions can cause significant problems in optoelectronic modules whose optimal optical performance requires tight tolerances (e.g., optoelectronic modules with high-resolution sensors). 
         [0003]    In some cases components that exhibit dimensional variation may be matched (i.e., binned) to other components with complementing dimensional variations. However, this binning process is accomplished only with considerable time and expense. 
       SUMMARY 
       [0004]    The present disclosure describes customizable optoelectronic modules and methods of fabricating the customizable optoelectronic modules. Various approaches are described to provide adjustments to reduce dimensional variations of various components (such as transparent covers, optical filters, and optical assemblies) from component to component, and in some cases within components. For example, approaches are described to reduce the occurrence of tilt of the optical assemblies and/or optical elements. The described implementations obviate the need for binning of components when manufacturing optoelectronic modules. 
         [0005]    For example, in a first implementation a customizable optoelectronic module includes a substrate on which is electrically mounted a sensor, a cover having a first thickness disposed over the sensor, a customizable spacer assembly include a customizable spacer laterally surrounding a peripheral surface of the cover, and a spacer extension extending from the customizable spacer with a second thickness having a terminal defining a customizable spacer surface disposed. 
         [0006]    In some cases, other implementations can include an optical filter of a thickness, the first thickness including the thickness of the optical filter and the thickness of the cover. While other implementations can include an optical assembly, the optical assembly including a plurality of optical elements mounted within an optical housing. In this implementation the optical assembly has a focal length and an optical axis where the customizable spacer surface is modifiable such that the focal length is incident on the sensor. 
         [0007]    Further, in other implementations, methods are described for standardizing a plurality of customizable optoelectronic modules. In an example implementation, a plurality of customizable optoelectronic modules, wherein each customizable optoelectronic module comprising the plurality of customizable optoelectronic modules includes a substrate on which is electrically mounted a sensor, a cover having a first thickness disposed over the sensor, a customizable spacer assembly having a customizable spacer laterally surrounding a peripheral surface of the cover, and a spacer extension extending from the customizable spacer with a second thickness having a terminal end defining a customizable spacer surface is provided. Further, a value of each first thickness of each customizable optoelectronic module comprising the plurality of optoelectronic modules is determined. Further, a data set of values, wherein the data set associates each first thickness with each respective customizable optoelectronic module is compiled. Finally, the customizable spacer surface of each respective customizable optoelectronic module according to the data set such that the sum of each second thickness and each respective first thickness is substantially equal to a first standard value, the first standard value being substantially the same for each customizable optoelectronic module is modified. 
         [0008]    In the following description, reference is made to the accompanying drawings that form a part hereof, and in which is shown by way of illustration specific embodiments which may be practiced. These embodiments are described in sufficient detail to enable those skilled in the art to practice the invention, and it is to be understood that other embodiments may be utilized and that structural changes may be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. The following description of example embodiments is, therefore, not to be taken in a limited sense, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0009]      FIG. 1  depicts an example of an optoelectronic module with an optical assembly that is focused on a sensitive area of a sensor. 
           [0010]      FIG. 2A  and  FIG. 2B  depict example optoelectronic modules with optical assemblies that are not focused on their respective sensors. 
           [0011]      FIG. 3A - FIG. 3F  depict example optoelectronic modules with customizable spacers configured to focus optical assemblies on their respective sensors. 
           [0012]      FIG. 4A  and  FIG. 4B  depict example optoelectronic modules with customizable spacers and optical filters. 
           [0013]      FIGS. 5-11  depict example methods for standardizing the customizable optoelectronic modules depicted in  FIGS. 3-4 . 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
       [0014]      FIG. 1  depicts an example of an optoelectronic module  100  (e.g., an imaging module such as a camera) as discussed above. The optoelectronic module  100  can include a sensor  102  (e.g., a complementary metal-oxide semiconductor, charge-couple device or other pixel, e.g., modulation pixel, array). The sensor  102  is electrically coupled to a substrate  105  (e.g., a PCB) via electrical contacts  106  (such as wires, vias, solder bumps/bump-bonding). In some instances, e.g., when the sensor  102  is thin, a cover  107  can be located adjacent to the sensor  102  (i.e., for structural support and/or protection from dust and/or other particles that can arise, for example, during the manufacture and assembly of the optoelectronic module  100 ). The cover  107  can be a thin layer of glass, for example, or other highly transmissive optical polymer. In other instances, the transparent cover  107  can be implemented as a filter (e.g., an infrared pass filter, IR cut filter, or a filter that can be configured to pass or block any other wavelength or range of wavelengths). Still in other instances the transparent cover  107  can also be coated or partly coated (e.g., with a filter material such as a polymer and/or dielectric material). In such instances, the coated transparent cover  107  can pass and/or block any wavelength or range of wavelengths (such as infrared, ultraviolet, or wavelengths corresponding to red, green, blue or other visible colors). Still further, in such instances the transparent cover  107  can be partly coated with a plurality and/or array of coatings and/or a filter array (such as a color filter array). The optoelectronic module  100  further includes an optical assembly  110 . The optical assembly  110  includes a plurality of optical elements  111  mounted and/or integrated into an optical housing  112 . The optical elements  111  and their respective position can delineate a focal length  113  of the optical assembly  110  and an optical axis  114  (depicted in  FIG. 1  as substantially orthogonal to the sensor  102 ). In some instances, for example, when manufacturing optoelectronic modules on the wafer level or a large scale, the thickness of the transparent cover  107  and/or variations in focal length  113  can vary from module to module (e.g., due to manufacturing tolerances). Such variations can result in optoelectronic modules with respective focal lengths that are not focused on their respective sensors. Further, the optical elements  111  can be mounted and/or integrated into an optical element housing  112  at a tilt with respect to a desired optical axis. Accordingly, the optical axis  114  can be tilted with respect to a desired optical axis. Both variations in focal length and/or optical-axis tilt (i.e., cant) give rise to an optical assembly that is not focused on its respective sensor  102 ; accordingly, these variations can give rise to reduced image quality and/or varying image quality from module to module. Examples of each variation are depicted in  FIG. 2A  and  FIG. 2B , respectively. 
         [0015]      FIG. 2A  and  FIG. 2B  depict the aforementioned described example variations that can occur in the example optoelectronic module depicted in  FIG. 1 .  FIG. 2A  depicts an optoelectronic module  100 A. The optoelectronic module  100 A can include a sensor  102 A (e.g., a complementary metal-oxide semiconductor, charge-couple device or other pixel, e.g., modulation pixel, array). The sensor  102 A is electrically coupled to a substrate  105 A (e.g., a PCB) via electrical contacts  106 A (such as wires, vias, solder bumps/bump-bonding). In some instances, e.g., when the sensor  102 A is thin, a cover  107 A can be located adjacent to the sensor  102 A (i.e., for structural support and/or protection from dust and/or other particles that can arise, for example, during the manufacture and assembly of the optoelectronic module  100 A). The cover  107 A has a cover thickness  120 A. Further, the cover  107 A can be a thin layer of glass, for example, or other highly transmissive optical polymer. In other instances, the transparent cover  107 A can be implemented as a filter (e.g., an infrared pass filter, IR cut filter, or a filter that can be configured to pass or block any other wavelength or range of wavelengths). Still in other instances the transparent cover  107 A can also be coated or partly coated (e.g., with a filter material such as a polymer and/or dielectric material). In such instances, the coated transparent cover  107 A can pass and/or block any wavelength or range of wavelengths (such as infrared, ultraviolet, or wavelengths corresponding to red, green, blue or other visible colors). Still further, in such instances the transparent cover  107 A can be partly coated with a plurality and/or array of coatings and/or a filter array (such as a color filter array). The optoelectronic module  100 A further includes an optical assembly  110 A. The optical assembly  110 A includes a plurality of optical elements  111 A mounted and/or integrated into an optical housing  112 A. The optical elements  111 A and their respective position can delineate a focal length  113 A of the optical assembly  110 A and an optical axis  114 A (depicted in  FIG. 2A  as substantially orthogonal to the sensor  102 A). However, the optoelectronic module  100 A can have a variation in the cover thickness  120 A of the transparent cover  107 A. Accordingly, the focal length  113 A is not focused on the sensor  102 A. 
         [0016]      FIG. 2B  depicts an optoelectronic module  100 B. The optoelectronic module  100 B can include a sensor  102 B (e.g., a complementary metal-oxide semiconductor, charge-couple device or other pixel, e.g., modulation pixel, array). The sensor  102 B is electrically coupled to a substrate  105 B (e.g., a PCB) via electrical contacts  106 B (such as wires, vias, solder bumps/bump-bonding). In some instances, e.g., when the sensor  102 B is thin, a cover  107 B can be located adjacent to the sensor  102 B (i.e., for structural support and/or protection from dust and/or other particles that can arise, for example, during the manufacture and assembly of the optoelectronic module  100 B). The cover  107 B has a cover thickness  120 B. Further, the cover  107 B can be a thin layer of glass, for example, or other highly transmissive optical polymer. In other instances, the transparent cover  107 B can be implemented as a filter (e.g., an infrared pass filter, IR cut filter, or a filter that can be configured to pass or block any other wavelength or range of wavelengths). Still in other instances the transparent cover  107 B can also be coated or partly coated (e.g., with a filter material such as a polymer and/or dielectric material). In such instances, the coated transparent cover  107 B can pass and/or block any wavelength or range of wavelengths (such as infrared, ultraviolet, or wavelengths corresponding to red, green, blue or other visible colors). Still further, in such instances the transparent cover  107 B can be partly coated with a plurality and/or array of coatings and/or a filter array (such as a color filter array). The optoelectronic module  100 B further includes an optical assembly  110 B. The optical assembly  110 B includes a plurality of optical elements  111 B mounted and/or integrated into an optical housing  112 B. The optical elements  111 B and their respective position can delineate a focal length  113 B of the optical assembly  110 B and an optical axis  114 B. However, the optical axis  114 B depicted in  FIG. 2B  is at a tilt t with respect to a desired optical axis  114 B′. 
         [0017]      FIG. 3A  depicts an example customizable optoelectronic module  300 A. The customizable optoelectronic module  300 A includes a customizable spacer assembly  301 A configured to mitigate a thickness variation in a cover  307 A (e.g., the thickness variation depicted in the cover  107 A in  FIG. 2A ). The customizable spacer assembly  301 A includes a sensor  302 A (such as an array of photodiodes, intensity pixels, demodulation pixels, or a combination of any of the aforementioned). Further the sensor  302 A can be configured to detect any wavelength or range of wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation (e.g., visible or non-visible radiation such as near-, mid-, or far-infrared radiation. The sensor  302 A is electrically coupled to a substrate  305 A (such as PCB glass-fiber laminate, and/or silicon) via electrical contacts  306 A (such as wires, vias, solder bumps/bump-bonding). The customizable spacer assembly  301 A further includes a cover  307 A adjacent to the sensor  302 A, and a customizable spacer  308 A. The cover has a first thickness  320 A and a peripheral surface  319 A (e.g., the circumferential surface of the cover  307 A). The peripheral spacer surface  319 A of the cover  307 A can be laterally surrounded by the spacer  308 A. The spacer  308 A can be substantially non-transparent to wavelengths of light detectable by the sensor  302 A. Further the spacer  308 A can be configured to mitigate, insulate against electrostatic discharge (EDS). The spacer  308 A can be manufactured from a curable polymeric material (such as epoxy) via injection molding, vacuum injection molding or other replication process, and can further contain substantially non-transparent filler and/or low-thermal-expansion filler (such as carbon black and/or inorganic filler). The customizable spacer  308 A includes a spacer extension  321 A extending from the customizable spacer  308 A with a second thickness  322 A. The spacer extension  321 A terminates with a customizable spacer surface  309 A of a second thickness  322 A. The customizable spacer surface  309 A can be customizable or modifiable (e.g., machined) such that the first thickness  320 A and the second thickness  322 A sum to a first standard value  323 . The standard value  323 , for example, should be the same for a plurality of customizable optoelectronic modules  300 A in order to avoid binning. 
         [0018]    For example,  FIG. 3B  depicts another customizable optoelectronic module  300 B. The customizable optoelectronic module  300 B includes components as described above in  FIG. 3A . The customizable optoelectronic module  300 B includes a first thickness  320 B and a second thickness  322 B (akin to the customizable optoelectronic module  300 A depicted in  FIG. 3A ). However, the first thickness  320 A of the customizable optoelectronic module  300 A depicted in  FIG. 3A  and the first thickness  320 B of the customizable optoelectronic module  300 B depicted in  FIG. 3B  may not be equal. Further, the second thickness  322 A of the customizable optoelectronic module  300 A depicted in  FIG. 3A , and the second thickness  322 B of the customizable optoelectronic module  300 B depicted in  FIG. 3B  are also not equal. However, the first standard value  323  depicted in both  FIG. 3A  and  FIG. 3B  may be equal. 
         [0019]    An example optoelectronic module can also include an optical assembly as depicted in  FIG. 3C . A customizable optoelectronic module  300 C includes components as described above in  FIG. 3A  and  FIG. 3B . For example, customizable optoelectronic module  300 C includes a customizable spacer assembly  301 C configured to mitigate a thickness variation in a cover  307 C (e.g., the thickness variation depicted in the cover  107 A in  FIG. 2A ). The customizable spacer assembly  301 C includes a sensor  302 C (such as an array of photodiodes, intensity pixels, demodulation pixels, or a combination of any of the aforementioned). Further the sensor  302 A can be configured to detect any wavelength or range of wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation (e.g., visible or non-visible radiation such as near-, mid-, or far-infrared radiation. The sensor  302 C is electrically coupled to a substrate  305 C (such as PCB glass-fiber laminate, and/or silicon) via electrical contacts  306 C (such as wires, vias, solder bumps/bump-bonding). The customizable spacer assembly  301 C further includes a cover  307 C adjacent to the sensor  302 C, and a customizable spacer  308 C. The cover has a first thickness  320 C and a peripheral surface  319 C (e.g., the circumferential surface of the cover  307 C). The peripheral spacer surface  319 C of the cover  307 C can be laterally surrounded by the spacer  308 C. The spacer  308 C can be substantially non-transparent to wavelengths of light detectable by the sensor  302 C. Further the spacer  308 C can be configured to mitigate, insulate against electrostatic discharge (EDS). The spacer  308 C can be manufactured from a curable polymeric material (such as epoxy) via injection molding, vacuum injection molding or other replication process, and can further contain substantially non-transparent filler and/or low-thermal-expansion filler (such as carbon black and/or inorganic filler). The customizable spacer  308 C includes a spacer extension  321 C extending from the customizable spacer  308 C with a second thickness  322 C. The spacer extension  321 C terminates with a customizable spacer surface  309 C of a second thickness  322 C. The customizable spacer surface  309 C can be customizable or modifiable (e.g., machined) such that the first thickness  320 C and the second thickness  322 C sum to a first standard value  323 C. The standard value  323 C, for example, should be the same for a plurality of customizable optoelectronic modules  300 C in order to avoid binning. However, variations in the first standard value  323 C among a plurality of customizable optoelectronic module  300 C is possible to correct for other dimensional variations, such as a plurality of respective optical assemblies with variable focal lengths, as discussed below. 
         [0020]    The customizable optoelectronic module  300 C also includes an optical assembly  310 C. The optical assembly  310 C includes a plurality of optical elements  311 C mounted and/or integrated within an optical housing  312 C. The optical housing  312 C can be manufactured from a curable polymeric material (such as epoxy) via injection molding, vacuum injection molding or other replication process, and can further contain substantially non-transparent filler and/or low-thermal-expansion filler (such as carbon black and/or inorganic filler). The optical assembly  310 C can include any one of, or combinations of, the following optical elements: a diffraction grating, a microlens array, a lens, an anamorphic lens, a prism, a micro-prism array, a diffractive optical element, or a plurality of any one of the aforementioned or their respective combinations. Further, in other instances the optical assembly  310 C can be configured for optical autofocus. For example, the optical assembly  310 C can include actuating components (e.g., piezoelectric and/or voice-coil actuating elements) to actuate any or all of the optical elements  311 C. Further any or all of the optical elements  311 C can be implemented as tunable lenses (i.e., tunable via an external stimulus such as an electric field). The optical elements  311 C can be manufactured from a glass or glass-like material via molding, grinding, or polishing. In other implementations the optical elements  311 C can be manufactured from a curable polymeric material (such as epoxy) via injection molding, vacuum injection molding, or other replication process. Still in other implementations the optical elements  311 C can each be manufactured from a glass or glass-like material, or from a curable polymeric material, or their respective combinations. The optical assembly  310 C can further include apertures, filters, spacers, alignment features, and other components pertinent to their respective functions. The optical elements  311 C can delineate a focal length  313 C of the optical assembly  310 C, and an optical axis  314 C. The customizable spacer assembly  301 C depicted in  FIG. 3C  can be configured such that it can mitigate thickness variations in the cover  307 C (i.e., a first thickness  320 C) as described above, thereby ensuring that the focal length  313 C is focused on the sensor  302 C. For example, the customizable spacer surface  309 C can be customized or modified (e.g., machined) by a thickness substantially equivalent to a variation in transparent cover  307 C thickness, such that the optical assembly  310 C is focused on the sensor  302 C. 
         [0021]    Another example of an optoelectronic module with an optical assembly is depicted in  FIG. 3D . A customizable optoelectronic module  300 D includes components as described above in  FIG. 3A - FIG. 3C . For example, customizable optoelectronic module  300 D includes a customizable spacer assembly  301 D configured to mitigate a thickness variation in a cover  307 D (e.g., the thickness variation depicted in the cover  107 A in  FIG. 2A ). The customizable spacer assembly  301 D includes a sensor  302 D (such as an array of photodiodes, intensity pixels, demodulation pixels, or a combination of any of the aforementioned). Further the sensor  302 D can be configured to detect any wavelength or range of wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation (e.g., visible or non-visible radiation such as near-, mid-, or far-infrared radiation. The sensor  302 D is electrically coupled to a substrate  305 D (such as PCB glass-fiber laminate, and/or silicon) via electrical contacts  306 D (such as wires, vias, solder bumps/bump-bonding). The customizable spacer assembly  301 D further includes a cover  307 D adjacent to the sensor  302 D, and a customizable spacer  308 D. The cover has a first thickness  320 D and a peripheral surface  319 D (e.g., the circumferential surface of the cover  307 D). The peripheral spacer surface  319 D of the cover  307 C can be laterally surrounded by the spacer  308 D. The spacer  308 D can be substantially non-transparent to wavelengths of light detectable by the sensor  302 D. Further the spacer  308 D can be configured to mitigate, insulate against electrostatic discharge (EDS). The spacer  308 D can be manufactured from a curable polymeric material (such as epoxy) via injection molding, vacuum injection molding or other replication process, and can further contain substantially non-transparent filler and/or low-thermal-expansion filler (such as carbon black and/or inorganic filler). The customizable spacer  308 D includes a spacer extension  321 D extending from the customizable spacer  308 D with a second thickness  322 D. The spacer extension  321 D terminates with a customizable spacer surface  309 D of a second thickness  322 D. The customizable spacer surface  309 C can be customizable or modifiable (e.g., machined) such that in some cases, the first thickness  320 D and the second thickness  322 D sum to a first standard value  323 D. The first standard value  323 D, for example, should be the same for a plurality of customizable optoelectronic modules  300 D in order to avoid binning. However, variations in the first standard value  323 D among a plurality of customizable optoelectronic module  300 D is possible to correct for other dimensional variations, such as tilted optical assemblies, as discussed below. 
         [0022]    The customizable optoelectronic module  300 D also includes such an optical assembly  310 D. The optical assembly  310 D includes a plurality of optical elements  311 D mounted and/or integrated within an optical housing  312 D. The optical housing  312 D can be manufactured from a curable polymeric material (such as epoxy) via injection molding, vacuum injection molding or other replication process, and can further contain substantially non-transparent filler and/or low-thermal-expansion filler (such as carbon black and/or inorganic filler). The optical assembly  310 D can include any one of, or combinations of, the following optical elements: a diffraction grating, a microlens array, a lens, an anamorphic lens, a prism, a micro-prism array, a diffractive optical element, or a plurality of any one of the aforementioned or their respective combinations. Further, in other instances the optical assembly  310 D can be configured for optical autofocus. For example, the optical assembly  310 D can include actuating components (e.g., piezoelectric and/or voice-coil actuating elements) to actuate any or all of the optical elements  311 D. Further any or all of the optical elements  311 D can be implemented as tunable lenses (i.e., tunable via an external stimulus such as an electric field). The optical elements  311 D can be manufactured from a glass or glass-like material via molding, grinding, or polishing. In other implementations the optical elements  311 D can be manufactured from a curable polymeric material (such as epoxy) via injection molding, vacuum injection molding, or other replication process. Still in other implementations the optical elements  311 D can each be manufactured from a glass or glass-like material, or from a curable polymeric material, or their respective combinations. The optical assembly  310 D can further include apertures, filters, spacers, alignment features, and other components pertinent to their respective functions. The optical elements  311 D can delineate a focal length  313 D of the optical assembly  310 D, and an optical axis  314 D. However in some cases, as depicted in  FIG. 3D , the optical axis can be canted with a tilt t. The customizable spacer assembly  301 D depicted in  FIG. 3D  can be configured such that it can mitigate thickness variations in the cover  307 D (i.e., a first thickness  320 D) as well as the tilt t, thereby ensuring that the focal length  313 D is focused on the sensor  302 D and that the optical axis  314 D is substantially orthogonal to the sensor  302 D. For example, the customizable spacer surface  309 D can be customized or modified (e.g., machined) by a thickness, even by a varying thickness when correcting for tilt t. 
         [0023]    Another example of an optoelectronic module with an optical assembly is depicted in  FIG. 3E . A customizable optoelectronic module  300 E includes components as described above in  FIG. 3A - FIG. 3D . For example, customizable optoelectronic module  300 E includes a customizable spacer assembly  301 E configured to mitigate a thickness variation in a cover  307 E (e.g., the thickness variation depicted in the cover  107 A in  FIG. 2A ). The customizable spacer assembly  301 E includes a sensor  302 E (such as an array of photodiodes, intensity pixels, demodulation pixels, or a combination of any of the aforementioned). Further the sensor  302 E can be configured to detect any wavelength or range of wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation (e.g., visible or non-visible radiation such as near-, mid-, or far-infrared radiation. The sensor  302 E is electrically coupled to a substrate  305 E (such as PCB glass-fiber laminate, and/or silicon) via electrical contacts  306 E (such as wires, vias, solder bumps/bump-bonding). The customizable spacer assembly  301 E further includes a cover  307 E adjacent to the sensor  302 E, and a customizable spacer  308 E. The cover has a first thickness  320 E and a peripheral surface  319 E (e.g., the circumferential surface of the cover  307 E). The peripheral spacer surface  319 E of the cover  307 E can be laterally surrounded by the spacer  308 E. The spacer  308 E can be substantially non-transparent to wavelengths of light detectable by the sensor  302 E. Further the spacer  308 E can be configured to mitigate, insulate against electrostatic discharge (EDS). The spacer  308 E can be manufactured from a curable polymeric material (such as epoxy) via injection molding, vacuum injection molding or other replication process, and can further contain substantially non-transparent filler and/or low-thermal-expansion filler (such as carbon black and/or inorganic filler). The customizable spacer  308 E includes a spacer extension  321 E extending from the customizable spacer  308 C with a second thickness  322 E. The spacer extension  321 E terminates with a customizable spacer surface  309 E of a second thickness  322 E. The customizable spacer surface  309 E can be customizable or modifiable (e.g., machined) such that the first thickness  320 E and the second thickness  322 E sum to a first standard value  323 E. The standard value  323 E, for example, should be the same for a plurality of customizable optoelectronic modules  300 E in order to avoid binning. However, variations in the first standard value  323 E among a plurality of customizable optoelectronic module  300 E is possible in order to correct for other dimensional variations, such as a plurality of respective optical assemblies with variable focal lengths, as discussed below. 
         [0024]    The customizable optoelectronic module  300 E also includes an optical assembly  310 E. The optical assembly  310 E includes a plurality of optical elements  311 E mounted and/or integrated within an optical housing  312 E. The optical housing  312 E can be manufactured from a curable polymeric material (such as epoxy) via injection molding, vacuum injection molding or other replication process, and can further contain substantially non-transparent filler and/or low-thermal-expansion filler (such as carbon black and/or inorganic filler). The optical assembly  310 E can include any one of, or combinations of, the following optical elements: a diffraction grating, a microlens array, a lens, an anamorphic lens, a prism, a micro-prism array, a diffractive optical element, or a plurality of any one of the aforementioned or their respective combinations. Further, in other instances the optical assembly  310 E can be configured for optical autofocus. For example, the optical assembly  310 E can include actuating components (e.g., piezoelectric and/or voice-coil actuating elements) to actuate any or all of the optical elements  311 E. Further any or all of the optical elements  311 E can be implemented as tunable lenses (i.e., tunable via an external stimulus such as an electric field). The optical elements  311 E can be manufactured from a glass or glass-like material via molding, grinding, or polishing. In other implementations the optical elements  311 E can be manufactured from a curable polymeric material (such as epoxy) via injection molding, vacuum injection molding, or other replication process. Still in other implementations the optical elements  311 E can each be manufactured from a glass or glass-like material, or from a curable polymeric material, or their respective combinations. The optical assembly  310 E can further include apertures, filters, spacers, alignment features, and other components pertinent to their respective functions. The optical elements  311 E can delineate a focal length  313 E of the optical assembly  310 E, and an optical axis  314 E. The customizable spacer assembly  301 E depicted in  FIG. 3E  can be configured such that it can mitigate thickness variations in the cover  307 E (i.e., a first thickness  320 E) as described above as well as variations in the optical housing  312 E (e.g., variations due to the positioning of the optical elements  311 E within the optical housing  312 E), thereby ensuring that the focal length  313 E is focused on the sensor  302 E. For example, the customizable spacer surface  309 E can be customized or modified (e.g., machined) by a thickness substantially equivalent to a variation in the thickness (first thickness  320 E) of the cover  307 E or a variation in the position of the optical elements  311 E within the optical housing  312 E, such that the optical assembly  310 E is focused on the sensor  302 E. 
         [0025]    The optical housing  312 E depicted in  FIG. 3E  further includes a customizable optical housing extension  315 E extending from the optical housing  312 E with a third thickness  317 E. The customizable optical housing extension  315 E terminates with a customizable optical housing extension surface  316 E. The customizable optical housing extension surface  316 E is customizable or modifiable akin to the spacer extension  321 E. That is, the customizable optical housing extension surface  316 E can be configured such that it can mitigate thickness variations in the cover  307 E (i.e., a first thickness  320 E) as described above as well as variations in the optical housing  312 E (e.g., variations due to the positioning of the optical elements  311 E within the optical housing  312 E), thereby ensuring that the focal length  313 E is focused on the sensor  302 E. For example, the customizable optical housing extension surface  316 E can be customized or modified (e.g., machined) by a thickness substantially equivalent to a variation in the thickness (first thickness  320 E) of the cover  307 E or a variation in the position of the optical elements  311 E within the optical housing  312 E, such that the optical assembly  310 E is focused on the sensor  302 E. 
         [0026]    Another example of an optoelectronic module with an optical assembly is depicted in  FIG. 3F . A customizable optoelectronic module  300 F includes components as described above in  FIG. 3A - FIG. 3E . For example, customizable optoelectronic module  300 F includes a customizable spacer assembly  301 F configured to mitigate a thickness variation in a cover  307 F (e.g., the thickness variation depicted in the cover  107 A in  FIG. 2A ). The customizable spacer assembly  301 F includes a sensor  302 F (such as an array of photodiodes, intensity pixels, demodulation pixels, or a combination of any of the aforementioned). Further the sensor  302 F can be configured to detect any wavelength or range of wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation (e.g., visible or non-visible radiation such as near-, mid-, or far-infrared radiation. The sensor  302 F is electrically coupled to a substrate  305 F (such as PCB glass-fiber laminate, and/or silicon) via electrical contacts  306 F (such as wires, vias, solder bumps/bump-bonding). The customizable spacer assembly  301 F further includes a cover  307 F adjacent to the sensor  302 F, and a customizable spacer  308 F. The cover has a first thickness  320 F and a peripheral surface  319 F (e.g., the circumferential surface of the cover  307 F). The peripheral spacer surface  319 F of the cover  307 F can be laterally surrounded by the spacer  308 F. The spacer  308 F can be substantially non-transparent to wavelengths of light detectable by the sensor  302 F. Further the spacer  308 F can be configured to mitigate, insulate against electrostatic discharge (EDS). The spacer  308 F can be manufactured from a curable polymeric material (such as epoxy) via injection molding, vacuum injection molding or other replication process, and can further contain substantially non-transparent filler and/or low-thermal-expansion filler (such as carbon black and/or inorganic filler). The customizable spacer  308 F includes a spacer extension  321 F extending from the customizable spacer  308 F with a second thickness  322 F. The spacer extension  321 F terminates with a customizable spacer surface  309 F of a second thickness  322 F. The customizable spacer surface  309 F can be customizable or modifiable (e.g., machined) such that the first thickness  320 F and the second thickness  322 F sum to a first standard value  323 F. The standard value  323 F, for example, should be the same for a plurality of customizable optoelectronic modules  300 F in order to avoid binning. However, variations in the first standard value  323 F among a plurality of customizable optoelectronic module  300 F is possible in order to correct for other dimensional variations, such as a plurality of respective optical assemblies with variable focal lengths, as discussed below. 
         [0027]    The customizable optoelectronic module  300 F also includes an optical assembly  310 F. The optical assembly  310 F includes a plurality of optical elements  311 F mounted and/or integrated within an optical housing  312 F. The optical housing  312 F can be manufactured from a curable polymeric material (such as epoxy) via injection molding, vacuum injection molding or other replication process, and can further contain substantially non-transparent filler and/or low-thermal-expansion filler (such as carbon black and/or inorganic filler). The optical assembly  310 F can include any one of, or combinations of, the following optical elements: a diffraction grating, a microlens array, a lens, an anamorphic lens, a prism, a micro-prism array, a diffractive optical element, or a plurality of any one of the aforementioned or their respective combinations. Further, in other instances the optical assembly  310 F can be configured for optical autofocus. For example, the optical assembly  310 F can include actuating components (e.g., piezoelectric and/or voice-coil actuating elements) to actuate any or all of the optical elements  311 F. Further any or all of the optical elements  311 F can be implemented as tunable lenses (i.e., tunable via an external stimulus such as an electric field). The optical elements  311 F can be manufactured from a glass or glass-like material via molding, grinding, or polishing. In other implementations the optical elements  311 F can be manufactured from a curable polymeric material (such as epoxy) via injection molding, vacuum injection molding, or other replication process. Still in other implementations the optical elements  311 F can each be manufactured from a glass or glass-like material, or from a curable polymeric material, or their respective combinations. The optical assembly  310 F can further include apertures, filters, spacers, alignment features, and other components pertinent to their respective functions. The optical elements  311 F can delineate a focal length  313 F of the optical assembly  310 F, and an optical axis  314 F. The customizable spacer assembly  301 F depicted in  FIG. 3F  can be configured such that it can mitigate thickness variations in the cover  307 F (i.e., a first thickness  320 F) as described above as well as variations in the optical housing  312 F (e.g., variations due to the positioning of the optical elements  311 F within the optical housing  312 F), thereby ensuring that the focal length  313 E is focused on the sensor  302 F. For example, the customizable spacer surface  309 E can be customized or modified (e.g., machined) by a thickness substantially equivalent to a variation in the thickness (first thickness  320 F) of the cover  307 F or a variation in the position of the optical elements  311 F within the optical housing  312 F, such that the optical assembly  310 E is focused on the sensor  302 F. 
         [0028]    The optical housing  312 F depicted in  FIG. 3F  further includes a customizable optical housing extension  315 F extending from the optical housing  312 F with a third thickness  317 F. The customizable optical housing extension  315 F terminates with a customizable optical housing extension surface  316 F. The customizable optical housing extension surface  316 F is customizable or modifiable akin to the spacer extension  321 F. That is, the customizable optical housing extension surface  316 F can be configured such that it can mitigate thickness variations in the cover  307 F (i.e., a first thickness  320 F) as described above as well as variations in the optical housing  312 F (e.g., variations due to the positioning of the optical elements  311 F within the optical housing  312 F), and further can mitigate tilt (as depicted in  FIG. 3F ), thereby ensuring that the focal length  313 F is focused on the sensor  302 F. For example, the customizable optical housing extension surface  316 F can be customized or modified (e.g., machined) by a thickness substantially equivalent to a variation in the thickness (first thickness  320 F) of the cover  307 F, and/or a variation in the position of the optical elements  311 F within the optical housing  312 F, and/or a tilt, such that the optical assembly  310 F is focused on the sensor  302 F. 
         [0029]    In some implementations, the covers as described above can include an optical filter as depicted in FIG:  4 A.  FIG. 4A  depicts an example customizable optoelectronic module  400 A. The customizable optoelectronic module  400 A includes a customizable spacer assembly  401 A configured to mitigate a thickness variation in a cover  407 A (e.g., the thickness variation depicted in the cover  107 A in  FIG. 2A ). The customizable spacer assembly  401 A includes a sensor  402 A (such as an array of photodiodes, intensity pixels, demodulation pixels, or a combination of any of the aforementioned). Further the sensor  402 A can be configured to detect any wavelength or range of wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation (e.g., visible or non-visible radiation such as near-, mid-, or far-infrared radiation. The sensor  402 A is electrically coupled to a substrate  405 A (such as PCB glass-fiber laminate, and/or silicon) via electrical contacts  406 A (such as wires, vias, solder bumps/bump-bonding). The customizable spacer assembly  401 A further includes a cover  407 A adjacent to the sensor  402 A, and a customizable spacer  408 A. The cover  407 A includes a first optical filter  403 A. The cover  407 A and the first optical filter  403 A together have a first thickness  420 A and a peripheral surface  419 A (e.g., the circumferential surface of the cover  407 A and the first optical filter  403 A). The peripheral spacer surface  419 A of the cover  407 A and the first optical filter  403 A can be laterally surrounded by the spacer  408 A. The spacer  408 A can be substantially non-transparent to wavelengths of light detectable by the sensor  402 A. Further the spacer  408 A can be configured to mitigate, insulate against electrostatic discharge (EDS). The spacer  408 A can be manufactured from a curable polymeric material (such as epoxy) via injection molding, vacuum injection molding or other replication process, and can further contain substantially non-transparent filler and/or low-thermal-expansion filler (such as carbon black and/or inorganic filler). The customizable spacer  408 A includes a spacer extension  421 A extending from the customizable spacer  408 A with a second thickness  422 A. The spacer extension  421 A terminates with a customizable spacer surface  409 A of a second thickness  422 A. The customizable spacer surface  409 A can be customizable or modifiable (e.g., machined) such that the first thickness  420 A and the second thickness  422 A sum to a first standard value  423  (as described above). The standard value  423 , for example, should be the same for a plurality of customizable optoelectronic modules  400 A in order to avoid binning. 
         [0030]    For example,  FIG. 4B  depicts another customizable optoelectronic module  400 B with an additional optical filter. The customizable optoelectronic module  400 B includes components as described above in  FIG. 4A . The customizable optical assembly  400 B includes a second optical filter  404 B. Together the cover  407 B, the first optical filter  403 B, and the second optical filter  404 B have a first thickness  420 B and a peripheral surface  419 B (e.g., the circumferential surface of the cover  407 B, the first optical filter  403 B, and the second optical filter  404 B). The customizable optoelectronic module  400 B includes a first thickness  420 B and a second thickness  422 B (akin to the customizable optoelectronic module  400 A depicted in  FIG. 4A ). However, the first thickness  420 B of the customizable optoelectronic module  400 B depicted in  FIG. 4B  and the first thickness  420 B of the customizable optoelectronic module  400 B depicted in  FIG. 4B  may not be equal. Further, the second thickness  422 B of the customizable optoelectronic module  400 B depicted in  FIG. 4B , and the second thickness  422 B of the customizable optoelectronic module  400 B depicted in  FIG. 4B  are also not equal. 
         [0031]      FIG. 5  depicts an example method  500  of standardizing a plurality of customizable optoelectronic modules such as the customizable optoelectronic modules  300 A,  300 B as depicted above in  FIG. 3A  and  FIG. 3B , respectively. The method of standardizing a plurality of customizable optoelectronic modules  500  includes a providing step  502 , a determining step  504 , a compiling step  506 , and a modifying step  508 . 
         [0032]    The providing step  502  includes providing a plurality of customizable optoelectronic modules for example as depicted in the figures above. Each customizable optoelectronic module within the plurality of customizable optoelectronic modules includes a substrate on which is electrically mounted a sensor, a cover having a first thickness disposed over the sensor, a customizable spacer assembly having a customizable spacer laterally surrounding a peripheral surface of the cover, and a spacer extension extending from the customizable spacer with a second thickness having a terminal end defining a customizable spacer surface. Further the determining step  504  includes determining a value of each first thickness of each customizable optoelectronic module within the plurality of optoelectronic modules. The first thickness can be determined optically, for example. Further, the compiling step  506  includes compiling a data set of values, wherein the data set associates each first thickness with each respective customizable optoelectronic module. The modifying step  508  includes modifying the customizable spacer surface of each respective customizable optoelectronic module according to the data set such that the sum of each second thickness and each respective first thickness is substantially equal to a first standard value, the first standard value being substantially the same for each customizable optoelectronic module within the plurality of optoelectronic modules. The customizable spacer surface can be machined, for example, by an automated dicing, cutting, or grinding machine. Further the data set may be compiled by such an automated machine in some cases. 
         [0033]      FIG. 6  depicts an example method  600  of standardizing a plurality of customizable optoelectronic modules such as the customizable optoelectronic modules  300 C as depicted above in  FIG. 3C . The method of standardizing a plurality of customizable optoelectronic modules  600  includes a providing step  602 , a determining step  604 , a compiling step  606 , and a modifying step  608 . 
         [0034]    The providing step  602  includes providing a plurality of customizable optoelectronic modules for example as depicted in the figures above. Each customizable optoelectronic module within the plurality of optoelectronic modules includes a substrate on which is electrically mounted a sensor, a cover having a first thickness disposed over the sensor, a customizable spacer assembly having a customizable spacer laterally surrounding a peripheral surface of the cover, a spacer extension extending from the customizable spacer with a second thickness having a terminal end defining a customizable spacer surface, and an optical assembly including a plurality of optical elements mounted within an optical housing, wherein the optical assembly has a focal length and an optical axis. Further, the determining step  604  includes determining a value of each focal length of each respective optical assembly. The focal length can be determined optically (e.g., via optical inspection methods). Further, the compiling step  606  includes compiling a data set of values, wherein the data set associates each focal length with each respective optoelectronic module. Finally, the modifying step  608  includes modifying the customizable spacer surface of each customizable optoelectronic module according to the data set such that the focal length of each respective optical assembly is incident on the sensor of each respective customizable optoelectronic module. The customizable spacer surface can be machined, for example, by an automated dicing, cutting, or grinding machine. Further the data set may be compiled by such an automated machine in some cases. 
         [0035]      FIG. 7  depicts an example method  700  of standardizing a plurality of customizable optoelectronic modules such as the customizable optoelectronic modules  300 D as depicted above in  FIG. 3D . The method of standardizing a plurality of customizable optoelectronic modules  700  includes a providing step  702 , a first determining step  704 , a second determining step  706 , a first compiling step  708 , a second compiling step  710 , and a modifying step  712 . 
         [0036]    The providing step  702  includes providing a plurality of customizable optoelectronic modules for example as depicted in the figures above. Each customizable optoelectronic module within the plurality of optoelectronic modules includes a substrate on which is electrically mounted a sensor, a cover having a first thickness disposed over the sensor, a customizable spacer assembly having a customizable spacer laterally surrounding a peripheral surface of the cover, a spacer extension extending from the customizable spacer with a second thickness having a terminal end defining a customizable spacer surface, and an optical assembly including a plurality of optical elements mounted within an optical housing, wherein the optical assembly has a focal length and an optical axis. The first determining step  704  includes determining a value of each focal length of each respective optical assembly. The focal length can be determined optically (e.g., via optical inspection methods). The second determining step  706  includes determining a cant value for each optical axis of each respective optical assembly. The cant of each optical axis can be determined optically (e.g., via optical inspection methods). The first compiling step  708  includes compiling a data set of values, wherein the data set associates each focal length with each respective optoelectronic module. The second compiling step  710  includes compiling a supplemental data set that associates each cant value with each respective customizable optoelectronic module. Finally, the modifying step  712  includes modifying the customizable spacer surface of each customizable optoelectronic module according to the data set and the supplemental data set such that the focal length of each respective optical assembly is incident on the sensor of each respective customizable optoelectronic module and the optical axis of each respective customizable optoelectronic module is substantially orthogonal to the sensor of each respective customizable optoelectronic module. The customizable spacer surface can be machined, for example, by an automated dicing, cutting, or grinding machine. Further the data set may be compiled by such an automated machine in some cases. 
         [0037]      FIG. 8  depicts another example method  800  of standardizing a plurality of customizable optoelectronic modules such as the customizable optoelectronic modules  300 C as depicted in  FIG. 3C . The method of standardizing a plurality of customizable optoelectronic modules  800  includes a providing step  802 , a first determining step  804 , a second determining step  806 , a compiling step  808 , and a modifying step  810 . 
         [0038]    The providing step  802  includes providing a plurality of customizable optoelectronic modules for example as depicted in the figures above. Each customizable optoelectronic module within the plurality of customizable optoelectronic modules includes a substrate on which is electrically mounted a sensor, a cover having a first thickness disposed over the sensor, a customizable spacer assembly having a customizable spacer laterally surrounding a peripheral surface of the cover, and a spacer extension extending from the customizable spacer with a second thickness having a terminal end defining a customizable spacer surface, and an optical assembly including a plurality of optical elements mounted within an optical housing, wherein the optical assembly has a focal length and an optical axis. The first determining step  804  includes determining a first value of each first thickness of each customizable optoelectronic module comprising the plurality of optoelectronic modules. The first thickness can be determined optically, for example. The second determining step  806  includes determining a second value of each focal length of each respective optical assembly. The focal length can be determined optically (e.g., via optical inspection methods). The compiling step  808  includes compiling a data set of first and second values, wherein the data set associates each first and second value with each respective customizable optoelectronic module. Finally, the modifying step  810  includes modifying the customizable spacer surface of each customizable optoelectronic module according to the data set such that the focal length of each respective optical assembly is incident on the sensor of each respective customizable optoelectronic module. The customizable spacer surface can be machined, for example, by an automated dicing, cutting, or grinding machine. Further the data set may be compiled by such an automated machine in some cases. 
         [0039]      FIG. 9  depicts another example method  900  of standardizing a plurality of customizable optoelectronic modules such as the customizable optoelectronic modules  300 D as depicted in  FIG. 3D . The method of standardizing a plurality of customizable optoelectronic modules  900  includes a providing step  902 , a first determining step  904 , a second determining step  906 , a third determining step  908 , a first compiling step  910 , a second compiling step  912 , and modifying step  914 . 
         [0040]    The providing step  902  includes providing a plurality of customizable optoelectronic modules for example as depicted in the figures above. Each customizable optoelectronic module within the plurality of customizable optoelectronic modules includes a substrate on which is electrically mounted a sensor, a cover having a first thickness disposed over the sensor, a customizable spacer assembly having a customizable spacer laterally surrounding a peripheral surface of the cover, and a spacer extension extending from the customizable spacer with a second thickness having a terminal end defining a customizable spacer surface, and an optical assembly including a plurality of optical elements mounted within an optical housing, wherein the optical assembly has a focal length and an optical axis. Further, the first determining step  904  includes determining a first value of each first thickness of each customizable optoelectronic module comprising the plurality of optoelectronic modules. The first thickness can be determined optically, for example. The second determining step  906  includes determining a second value of each focal length of each respective optical assembly. The focal length can be determined optically (e.g., via optical inspection methods). Further, the third determining step  908  includes determining a cant value for each optical axis of each respective optical assembly. The cant of each optical axis can be determined optically (e.g., via optical inspection methods). Further, the first compiling step  910  includes compiling a data set of first and second values, wherein the data set associates each first and second value with each respective customizable optoelectronic module. The second compiling step  912  includes compiling a supplemental data set that associates each cant value with each respective customizable optoelectronic module. Finally, the modifying step  914  includes modifying the customizable spacer surface of each customizable optoelectronic module according to the data set and the supplemental data set such that the focal length of each respective optical assembly is incident on the sensor of each respective customizable optoelectronic module and the optical axis of each respective customizable optoelectronic module is substantially orthogonal to the sensor of each respective customizable optoelectronic module. The customizable spacer surface can be machined, for example, by an automated dicing, cutting, or grinding machine. Further the data set may be compiled by such an automated machine in some cases. 
         [0041]      FIG. 10  depicts another example method  1000  of standardizing a plurality of customizable optoelectronic modules such as the customizable optoelectronic modules  300 E as depicted in  FIG. 3E . The method of standardizing a plurality of customizable optoelectronic modules  1000  includes a providing step  1002 , a first determining step  1004 , a second determining step  1006 , a compiling step  1008 , and a modifying step  1010 . 
         [0042]    The providing step  1002  includes providing a plurality of customizable optoelectronic modules for example as depicted in the figures above. Each customizable optoelectronic module within the plurality of customizable optoelectronic modules includes a substrate on which is electrically mounted a sensor, a cover having a first thickness disposed over the sensor, a customizable spacer assembly having a customizable spacer laterally surrounding a peripheral surface of the cover, and a spacer extension extending from the customizable spacer with a second thickness having a terminal end defining a customizable spacer surface, and an optical assembly including a plurality of optical elements mounted within an optical housing, wherein the optical assembly has a focal length and an optical axis and the optical housing includes a customizable optical housing extension extending from the optical housing with a third thickness having a terminal end defining a customizable optical housing extension surface. Further, the first determining step  1004  includes determining a first value of each first thickness of each customizable optoelectronic module comprising the plurality of optoelectronic modules. The first thickness can be determined optically, for example. The second determining step  1006  includes determining a second value of each focal length of each respective optical assembly. The focal length can be determined optically (e.g., via optical inspection methods). The compiling step  1008  includes compiling a data set of first and second values that associates each first and second values with each respective customizable optoelectronic module. Finally, the modifying step  1010  includes modifying the customizable spacer surface and/or modifying the customizable optical housing extension surface of each customizable optoelectronic module according to the data set such that the focal length of each respective optical assembly is incident on the sensor of each respective customizable optoelectronic module. The customizable spacer surface and/or the customizable optical housing extension surface can be machined, for example, by an automated dicing, cutting, or grinding machine. Further the data set may be compiled by an automated machine in some cases. 
         [0043]      FIG. 11  depicts another example method  1100  of standardizing a plurality of customizable optoelectronic modules such as the customizable optoelectronic modules  300 F as depicted in  FIG. 3F . The method of standardizing a plurality of customizable optoelectronic modules  1100  includes a providing step  1102 , a first determining step  1104 , a second determining step  1106 , a third determining step  1108 , a first compiling step  1110 , a second compiling step  1112 , and a modifying step  1114 . 
         [0044]    The providing step  1102  includes providing a plurality of customizable optoelectronic modules for example as depicted in the figures above. Each customizable optoelectronic module within the plurality of customizable optoelectronic modules includes a substrate on which is electrically mounted a sensor, a cover having a first thickness disposed over the sensor, a customizable spacer assembly having a customizable spacer laterally surrounding a peripheral surface of the cover, and a spacer extension extending from the customizable spacer with a second thickness having a terminal end defining a customizable spacer surface, and an optical assembly including a plurality of optical elements mounted within an optical housing, wherein the optical assembly has a focal length and an optical axis and the optical housing includes a customizable optical housing extension extending from the optical housing with a third thickness having a terminal end defining a customizable optical housing extension surface. Further, the first determining step  1104  includes determining a first value of each first thickness of each customizable optoelectronic module within the plurality of optoelectronic modules. The first thickness can be determined optically, for example. The second determining step  1106  includes determining a second value of each focal length of each respective optical assembly. The focal length can be determined optically (e.g., via optical inspection methods). The third determining step  1108  includes determining a cant value for each optical axis of each respective optical assembly. The cant of each optical axis can be determined optically (e.g., via optical inspection methods). Further, the first compiling step  1110  includes compiling a data set of first and second values that associates each first and second values with each respective customizable optoelectronic module. The second compiling step  1112  include compiling a supplemental data set that associates each cant value with each respective customizable optoelectronic module. Finally, the modifying step  1114  includes modifying the customizable spacer surface of each customizable optoelectronic module according to the data set and the supplemental data set such that the focal length of each respective optical assembly is incident on the sensor of each respective customizable optoelectronic module and the optical axis of each respective customizable optoelectronic module is substantially orthogonal to the sensor of each respective customizable optoelectronic module. The customizable spacer surface and/or the customizable optical housing extension surface can be machined, for example, by an automated dicing, cutting, or grinding machine. Further the data set may be compiled by an automated machine in some cases. 
         [0045]    Although the steps described above and depicted in  FIG. 5 - FIG. 11  are described in a particular order, the order can be different in some implementations. Accordingly, other implementations are within the scope of the appended claims.