Abstract:
A carrier beam for distributing the load of a house wherein said beam spans across at least two joists of the house, said beam having a first contact surface adapted to be in contact with at least two joists of the house and said beam having a second contact surface in engagement with the means for supporting the house.

Description:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION  
         [0001]    The present invention relates to carrier beams, and more particularly to carrier beams for use in the support and movement of houses.  
         DESCRIPTION OF THE PRIOR ART  
         [0002]    The manufacturing of completed or partially completed houses within a factory (both of which are referred to herein as a “house” or “houses”), for subsequent transport to the installation location of the house, for example in a subdivision, is well-known. During this process it is necessary to support, lift and move the house, for example from the manufacturing factory to the house foundation or footing or like support system for the house.  
           [0003]    Previously, perimeter frames have been manufactured and placed beneath the house, to support the house from the perimeter, for lifting. Reference is made to Canadian Patent Number 2,139,622 (Biffis) describing a base member having a rectangular metal frame affixed to the underside of the house, which is attached through a series of straps and cables and another frame and then to an overhead crane capable of lifting and positioning the house.  
           [0004]    The use of a perimeter frame requires the house designer to provide support for the house at those locations which are remote from the perimeter walls. To solve this problem, for example, long joists have been used to span the distance between the perimeter walls, and thereby support those floor locations which are remote from the perimeter. However, long floor joists are expensive and often less than optimal when designing a house, and the use of the perimeter frames of the prior art requires the builder to design floor plans based upon the maximum length of joists available, thereby limiting the flexibility of floor plans available to the house designer.  
         SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION  
         [0005]    The object of the present invention is to provide a device which permits increased flexibility in house floor plans and to provide support for the house in those regions of the house which are remote from the perimeter wall.  
           [0006]    Accordingly, the invention relates to a device for distributing the support provided a to manufactured home comprising a means for supporting the house, a beam for spanning at least two joists of the house, the said beam having a first contact surface adapted to be in contact with at least two joists of the house and the said beam having a second contact surface in engagement with the means for supporting the house.  
           [0007]    According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a device for distributing the support provided to a house comprising a means for supporting the house; and at least one beam for spanning at least two joists of the house, the said beam having a first contact surface adapted to be in contact with the at least two joists of the house and the said beam having a second contact surface in engagement with the means for supporting the house, wherein the at least one beam is aligned substantially perpendicular to the at least two joists of the house.  
           [0008]    According to another aspect of the present invention there is provided a device for distributing the support provided to a house comprising a means for supporting the house; at least one beam for spanning at least two joists of the house, the said beam having a first contact surface adapted to be in contact with the at least two joists of the house and the said beam having a second contact surface in engagement with the means for supporting the house, the at least one beam being aligned substantially perpendicular to the at least two joists of the house, wherein inverted “L” shaped brackets are affixed to each opposed end of the at least one beam, the inverted “L” shaped brackets thus extending a lifting length of the at least one beam wherein, when the house is lowered for placement on a house foundation, a lower surface of each of the inverted “L” shaped brackets affixed on the opposed ends of the at least one beam will contact and engage an upper surface of the house foundation, whereby the inverted “L” shaped brackets will rest on the upper surface of the house foundation, and wherein an upper surface of each of the inverted “L” shaped brackets of the at least one beam receives and supports a rim joist of each opposed side of the house which is placed on the at least one beam.  
           [0009]    According to a further aspect of the present invention, there is provided a system for supporting and a house on skate beams for placement on a house foundation comprising providing at least two carrier beams for spanning at least two joists of the house, the said at least two carrier beams having a first contact surface adapted to be in contact with the at least two joists of the house and the said at least two carrier beams having a second contact surface in engagement with and supported by the skate beam; notching at least two carrier beam notches in the house foundation to receive the at least 2 carrier beams; and lowering the house onto the house the house foundation, whereby the at least two carrier beams are received in the at least two carrier beam receiving notches when the house is lowered onto the house foundation.  
           [0010]    According to a still further aspect of the present invention, there is provided a system for supporting and a house on skate beams for placement on a house foundation comprising providing at least two carrier beams for spanning at least two joists of the house, the said at least two carrier beams having a first contact surface adapted to be in contact with the at least two joists of the house and the said at least two carrier beams having a second contact surface in engagement with and supported by the skate beam; notching at least two carrier beam notches in the house foundation to receive the at least 2 carrier beams; affixing inverted “L” shaped brackets to each opposed end of each of the at least two carrier beams, the inverted “L” shaped brackets of each of the at least two carrier beams each receiving and supporting a rimjoist of each opposed side of the house which is placed on the at least two carrier beams; and lowering the house onto the house foundation, whereby the at least two carrier beams are received in the at least two carrier beam receiving notches when the house is lowered onto the foundation, and wherein a lower surface of each of the inverted “L” shaped brackets affixed on the opposed ends of the at least two carrier beams will contact and engage an upper surface of the house foundation, whereby the inverted “L” shaped brackets will rest on the upper surface of the house foundation.  
           [0011]    According to yet another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a system for supporting and a house on skate beams for placement on a house foundation comprising providing at least two carrier beams for spanning at least two joists of the house, the said at least two carrier beams having a first contact surface adapted to be in contact with the at least two joists of the house and the said at least two carrier beams having a second contact surface in engagement with and supported by the skate beam, and wherein each of the at least two carrier beams are comprised of two or more components which are secured together temporarily; notching at least two carrier beam notches in the house foundation to receive the at least 2 carrier beams; affixing inverted “L” shaped brackets to each opposed end of each of the at least two carrier beams, the inverted “L” shaped brackets affixed to the at least two carrier beams each receiving and supporting a rim joist of each opposed side of the house which is placed on the at least two carrier beams; lowering the house onto the house foundation, whereby the at least two carrier beams are received in the at least two carrier beam receiving notches when the house is lowered onto the foundation, and wherein a lower surface of each of the inverted “L” shaped brackets affixed on the opposed ends of the at least two carrier beams will contact and engage an upper surface of the house foundation, whereby the inverted “L” shaped brackets will rest on the upper surface of the house foundation; and disassembling the two or more components which comprise each of the at least two carrier beams when the house has been placed on the house foundation, whereby the at least two carrier beams can be removed from contact with the at least two joists of the house.  
           [0012]    The advantage of the present invention is that it provides a device which provides a more uniform support for the load of the house, permits shorter joists to be used in the manufacturing of house, and provides for a simplified and reusable means of supporting house when they are being moved and installed. 
       
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS  
       [0013]    A preferred embodiment of the present invention is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:  
         [0014]    [0014]FIG. 1 is a drawing of one embodiment of the carrier beams of the present invention supporting a house;  
         [0015]    [0015]FIG. 2 is a drawing of one embodiment of the single piece carrier beam when the house is being installed onto a foundation;  
         [0016]    [0016]FIG. 3 is a drawing of one embodiment of a single piece carrier beam when the house is being transported;  
         [0017]    [0017]FIG. 4 is a view of one embodiment of a multi-part carrier beam in accordance with one aspect of the present invention;  
         [0018]    [0018]FIG. 5 is an exploded view of the components of an embodiment of a multi-part carrier beam;  
         [0019]    [0019]FIG. 6 is a cross section view of an embodiment of the two-part carrier beam installed in a house positioned above the foundation; and  
         [0020]    [0020]FIG. 7 is a cross section view of an embodiment of the two-part carrier beam installed in a house resting on the foundation; 
     
    
     DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT  
       [0021]    Referring to FIG. 1, an embodiment of the carrier beams  10  of the present invention is illustrated, the carrier beams  10  being positioned underneath the house  20  to efficiently distribute and support the load of the house  20 .  
         [0022]    Referring to FIG. 2, when a house  20  is being installed onto a foundation  40 , skate beams  30  may be used to support the house  20  and carrier beams  10 , and to provide a surface upon which the house  20  and carrier beams  10  may be moved into location above the foundation  40 . It is preferred to have the carrier beams  10  aligned substantially perpendicular to the skate beams  30 , and it is preferred, when designing a house  20 , to have the joists of the house  20  aligned substantially perpendicularly to the carrier beams  10 , to the extent this is possible, for improved weight distribution of the house  20 .  
         [0023]    In a preferred embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the carrier beams  10  are temporarily positioned on or attached to the underside of the house  20 . The carrier beams  10  are positioned in spaced relation to one another, the spacing between the carrier beams being determined by the loading and structural characteristics of the house  20 , and the required support of the house  20  at any particular location.  
         [0024]    In the case where the floor of the house  20  is entirely on a single horizontal plane, as shown in FIG. 1, the carrier beams  10  are likewise horizontally aligned, substantially parallel to one another, it being understood that the precise location of each carrier beam  10  will depend upon the unique characteristics of each house.  
         [0025]    In the preferred embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the carrier beams  10  have a substantially horizontal top surface, the top surface engaging the underside of the house and joists, and a substantially horizontal lower surface upon which the carrier beams  10  may rest when loaded with a house  20 , and providing a surface from which the carrier beams  10  and house  20  may be lifted or lowered.  
         [0026]    As shown in FIG. 3, when the house is ready for transportation, with the carrier beams positioned beneath the house, the house may then be loaded onto a suitable house transporter  1  for subsequent transportation to the house foundation or elsewhere, depending upon the production and scheduling needs of the factory.  
         [0027]    When single piece carrier beams  10  as shown in FIG. 1 are utilized, the carrier beams  10  generally span across the bottom of the house and extend beyond the external walls of the house  20 , allowing the carrier beam  10  to receive some of the house  20  load through the rim joists and external walls of the house  20 .  
         [0028]    When utilizing single piece carrier beams  10  as shown in FIG. 1 to move and support a house, the foundation  40  of the house may require alteration to accommodate the passage of the carrier beam  10  below the top of the foundation wall when the house is being lowered onto the foundation, as the foundation wall would otherwise interfere with the carrier beam&#39;s movement as the house is being lowered onto the foundation. For example, as shown in FIG. 2, the foundation wall may need to be cut, or notched, or formed to a sufficient size  130  to allow the carrier beam to be lowered sufficiently as to allow the house to be placed on the top of the foundation, and to allow for the removal of the carrier beam once the house is securely positioned on the foundation  40 .  
         [0029]    In one embodiment, as an alternative to the solid single piece carrier beams illustrated in FIG. 1, multi-part carrier beams  60 , as shown in FIG. 4, may be constructed of two or more components which may be separated for easy disassembly after the house is positioned and lowered onto the foundation. As shown in FIG. 5, this embodiment of the multi-part carrier beam includes parts  62 ,  64  and  66 .  
         [0030]    As illustrated in FIG. 6, in the case of the two part carrier beams  50 , the combined length of the two part carrier beams is long enough that it extends to within a short distance of the inside surface of both of the foundation walls  80  and  82  at which the carrier beam will be positioned. Similarly, in the case where three part carrier beams are used, the combined length of the three part carrier beams is long enough that it extends to within a short distance of both of the inside surfaces of the foundation walls at which the beam will be positioned. The multi-part carrier beams are joined securely and temporarily in a manner known to a worker skilled in the art. In the preferred embodiment, face plates  55 , as shown in FIG. 5, are securely welded  57 , as shown in FIG. 4, to those ends of the beam sections which are to be bolted to other carrier beam sections. Holes are drilled in the face plates to receive bolts  59 , as shown in FIG. 5, the holes being positioned to ensure that when the two face plates of two beam sections are in alignment with and abutting one another, the holes in the face plates are aligned to receive bolts.  
         [0031]    Inverted “L” shaped ears  70 , as shown in FIG. 5, are securely affixed, and preferably welded, as shown in FIG. 6, to those ends of the multi-part carrier beams on which no face plate has been welded so that when a multi-part carrier beam is assembled, it has ears extending outwardly on both ends. In the preferred embodiment, the ears are made of steel, having a thickness of between ¾″ and ½″, the horizontal surface measuring approximately 12 inches by 12 inches. These ears  70  effectively extend the lifting length of the carrier beams, permitting the carrier beams, by means of the ears, to receive a significant portion of the load of the house through the rim joist  75  which rests upon the ear, as shown in FIG. 6.  
         [0032]    Whether the carrier beams are of the single piece type as shown in FIG. 1, or the multi-piece type of FIGS. 4 and 5, in one embodiment, the house  20  and carrier beams  10  are unloaded from the transporter  1  in close proximity to the foundation  40  and thereafter supported by supported skate beams  30  while the house and carrier beams are being positioned above the foundation  40 . In one embodiment, when the house is properly positioned above the foundation, as shown in FIG. 6, jacks  100  installed within the basement of the house  20  may be used to raise the carrier beams and house  20  allowing the skate beams  30  to be removed, whereupon the house  20  and carrier beams  10  can be lowered onto the foundation.  
         [0033]    [0033]FIG. 6 shows a two-part carrier beam  50  supporting a portion of a house  20  in a position directly above the foundation  40  and suitably aligned so as to allow the house  20  to be lowered onto the foundation  40 . FIG. 6 shows a two part carrier beam  50  the ears  70  loaded with exterior walls  90  and  92  of a house  20 . The house  20  may additionally be reinforced and supported by a channel  10  temporarily fixedly engaged to the ears  70 , the channel abutting the exterior surface of the rim joist  75  of the house for additional support. As shown in FIG. 6, hydraulic or other suitable jacks  100  are positioned on the basement floor or foundation and suitably arranged to engage with and to support in order to lift or lower the two part carrier beam  50  and the house  20 .  
         [0034]    [0034]FIG. 7 shows the house  20  in the lowered position, having been suitably lowered from the raised position illustrated in FIG. 6, by means of hydraulic or other suitable jacks  100 , until it rests securely on the sill plate  120  (the sill plates having been suitably notched to accommodate and receive the ears  70 ).  
         [0035]    In the case of the multi-part carrier beams, the components of the multi-part carrier beam may then be disassembled one from the other at the face plates and removed from the basement, by the window  130 , as shown in FIG. 2, or in any other suitable manner. In the case of the single piece carrier beam, it may be removed through the sufficiently sized cut or notch  120 , as shown in FIG. 2, in the foundation wall. In the case of the multi-piece carrier beam, it may be disassembled in the basement of the house and removed in components. The removed carrier beams may then be reused as needed.  
         [0036]    It is understood that the number of carrier beams used for a particular house will depend on several factors, including, the loading bearing limits of the carrier beams, the loading and structural characteristics of the house, the size and shape of the house, and whether the underside of the house presents a flat or a multilayered surface.  
         [0037]    The present invention has been described herein with regard to preferred embodiments. However, it will be obvious to persons skilled in the art that a number of variations and modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the invention as described herein.