Abstract:
N-benzoyl N&#39;-pyridyloxy phenyl urea having the formula ##STR1## wherein X 1  represents a halogen atom; X 2  represents hydrogen or halogen atom; X 3  and X 4  respectively represent hydrogen or chlorine atom; X 5  represents hydrogen or halogen atom; and X 6  represents a halogen atom or nitro or trifluoromethyl group are novel compounds. 
     The compositions containing the compound as the active ingredient are effective as the insecticide for extinction of injurious insects with high safety in agricultural, forestry and hygienic applications.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     1. Field of the Invention 
     The present invention relates to novel N-benzoyl N&#39;-pyridyloxy phenyl ureas and the process for producing the same and the insecticidal composition containing the same. 
     2. Description of the Prior Arts 
     Almost of the conventional insecticides impart neurotoxicity and contact toxicity to all kinds of insects. 
     And, it has been required to find selective insecticidal compounds without toxicity to useful insects, N-benzoyl N&#39;-phenyl ureas disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,748,356 have such insecticidal properties. 
     The N-benzoyl N&#39;-pyridyloxyphenyl ureas according to the present invention have a substantially better action than the above described known compounds. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     It is an object of the present invention to provide novel N-benzoyl N&#39;-pyridyloxy phenyl ureas. 
     It is another object of the present invention to provide a process for producing N-benzoyl N&#39;-pyridyloxy phenyl ureas. 
     It is the other objects of the present invention to provide selective insecticidal compositions which are remarkably effective to certain injurious insects without affecting useful insects in remarkably low toxicity to animals. 
     The novel compounds of the present invention are N-benzoyl N&#39;-pyridyloxy phenyl ureas having the formula ##STR2## wherein X 1  represents a halogen atom; X 2  represents hydrogen or halogen atom; X 3  and X 4  respectively represent hydrogen or chlorine atom; X 5  represents hydrogen or halogen atom; and X 6  represents a halogen atom or nitro or trifluoromethyl group. 
     DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
     Suitable compounds having the formula (I) include: 
     N-(2-chlorobenzoyl)N&#39;-[3-chloro-4-(5-bromopyridyl-2-oxy) phenyl]urea m.p. 196° to 199° C. 
     N-(2-chlorobenzoyl)N&#39;-[3-chloro-4-(5-nitropyridyl-2-oxy) phenyl]urea m.p. 209° to 212° C. 
     N-(2-chlorobenzoyl)N&#39;-[4-(3,5-dibromopyridyl-2-oxy) phenyl]urea m.p. 185° to 188° C. 
     N-(2-chlorobenzoyl)N&#39;-[3-chloro-4-(3,5-dibromopyridyl-2-oxy) phenyl]urea m.p. 223° to 224° C. 
     N-(2-chlorobenzoyl)N&#39;-[4-(3,5-dichloropyridyl-2-oxy) phenyl]urea m.p. 216° to 218° C. 
     N-(2-chlorobenzoyl)N&#39;-[3-chloro-4-(3,5-dichloropyridyl-2-oxy) phenyl]urea m.p. 225° to 228° C. 
     N-(2-chlorobenzoyl)N&#39;-[3,5-dichloro-4-(3,5-dichloropyridyl-2-oxy) phenyl]urea m.p. 221° to 223° C. 
     N-(2-chlorobenzoyl)N&#39;-[4-(5-bromopyridyl-2-oxy) phenyl]urea m.p. 179° to 180° C. 
     N-(2-chlorobenzoyl)N&#39;-[3-chloro-4-(5-chloropyridyl-2-oxy) phenyl]urea m.p. 198° to 200° C. 
     N-(2-chlorobenzoyl)N&#39;-[3,5-dichloro-4-(5-chloropyridyl-2-oxy) phenyl]urea m.p. 147° to 148° C. 
     N-(2-chlorobenzoyl)N&#39;-[4-(5-trifluoromethylpyridyl-2-oxy) phenyl]urea 
     N-(2-chlorobenzoyl)N&#39;-[3-chloro-4-(5-trifluoromethylpyridyl-2-oxy) phenyl]urea 
     N-(2,6-dichlorobenzoyl)N&#39;-[4-(3,5-dichloropyridyl-2-oxy) phenyl]urea m.p. 228° to 230° C. 
     N-(2,6-dichlorobenzoyl)N&#39;-[3-chloro-4-(3,5-dichloropyridyl-2-oxy) phenyl]urea m.p. 214° to 216° C. 
     N-(2,6-dichlorobenzoyl)N&#39;-[3,5-dichloro-4-(3,5-dichloropyridyl-2-oxy) phenyl]urea m.p. 273° to 275° C. 
     N-(2,6-difluorobenzoyl)N&#39;-[4-(3,5-dichloropyridyl-2-oxy) phenyl]urea m.p. 184° to 185° C. 
     N-(2,6-difluorobenzoyl)N&#39;-[3-chloro-4-(3,5-dichloropyridyl-2-oxy) phenyl]urea m.p. 230° to 231° C. 
     N-(2,6-difluorobenzoyl)N&#39;-[3-chloro-4-(5-chloropyridyl-2-oxy) phenyl]urea m.p. 210° to 212° C. 
     The N-benzoyl N&#39;-pyridyloxy phenyl ureas having the formula (I) are produced by reacting a compound having the formula ##STR3## wherein X 1  represents a halogen atom; X 2  represents hydrogen or halogen atom; R 1  represents amino or isocyanate group with a compound having the formula ##STR4## wherein X 3  and X 4  are the same and different and respectively represent hydrogen or chlorine atom; X 5  represents hydrogen or halogen atom; X 6  represents halogen atom or nitro or trifluoromethyl group; and R 2  represents an amino or isocyanate group and R 2  is amino group in the case that R 1  is isocyanate group, R 2  is isocyanate group in the case that R 1  is amino group. 
     More particularly, the compounds having the formula (I) can be produced by the following processes (1) and (2). 
     (1) The reaction of benzoyl isocyanate having the formula ##STR5## with pyridyloxy aniline having the formula ##STR6## (wherein X 1 , X 2 , X 3 , X 4 , X 5  and X 6  are defined above) 
     (2) The reaction of benzamide having the formula ##STR7## with pyridyloxy phenyl isocyanate having the formula ##STR8## (wherein X 1 , X 2 , X 3 , X 4 , X 5 , and X 6  are defined above). 
     The reaction is preferably carried out in the presence of a solvent. Suitable solvents include benzene, toluene, xylene, pyridine etc. 
     The reaction temperature is usually in a range of 20° to 120° C. and the reaction time is usually in a range of 0.5 to 24 hours. The reaction is preferably carried out at the temperature from 50° C. to a refluxing temperature for 1 to 5 hours. 
     Certain examples of preparations of the compounds of the present invention will be described. 
    
    
     EXAMPLE 1 
     Preparation of N-(2-chlorobenzoyl)N&#39;-[3-chloro-4-(3,5-dichloropyridyl-2-oxy) phenyl]urea 
     A solution prepared by dissolving 2.9 g of 3-chloro-4-(3,5-dichloro-pyridyl-2-oxy) aniline in 50 ml of toluene was heated at 80° C. A solution prepared by dissolving 1.8 g of 2-chlorobenzoyl isocyanate in 20 ml of toluene was added dropwise to the former solution under stirring it and the reaction was carried out for 1 hour. After the reaction, the reaction mixture was cooled and the precipitate was filtered and washed with toluene and then with petroleum ether and dried to obtain 3.2 g of N-(2-chlorobenzoyl)N&#39;-[3-chloro-4-(3,5-dichloropyridyl-2-oxy)phenyl]urea (m.p. 225° to 228° C.). 
     EXAMPLE 2 
     Preparation of N-(2,6-dichlorobenzoyl)N&#39;-[4-(3,5-dichloropyridyl-2-oxy) phenyl]urea 
     In accordance with the process of Example 1, except using 2.5 g of 4-(3,5-dichloropyridyl-2-oxy) aniline instead of 3-chloro-4-(3,5-dichloropyridyl-2-oxy) aniline and using 2.4 g of 2,6-dichlorobenzoyl isocyanate instead of 2-chlorobenzoyl isocyanate and reacting at 30° C. for 8 hours instead of 80° C. for 1 hour, the process was repeated to obtain 3.8 g of N-(2,6-dichlorobenzoyl)N&#39;-[4-(3,5-dichloropyridyl-2-oxy) phenyl]urea (m.p. 228° to 230° C.). 
     The compounds of the present invention impart excellent selective insecticidal effect as clearly understood from the following experiments. 
     Most of the conventional insecticides impart quick effect and neurotoxicity and contact toxicity. However, the compounds of the present invention impart the delayed effect that the compounds effect to molting (ecdysis) and metamorphosis of specific insects which orally take the compound with feeds or water whereby the death of the specific insects is caused. 
     The compounds of the present invention impart remarkable insecticidal effect to larvae of Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, Hymenoptera and Diptera, for example, larvae of the following insects: 
     diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella), common white (Pieris rapae crucivora), cabbage armyworm (Mamesta brassicae), cabbage looper (Plusia nigrisigma), tobacco cutworm (Prodenia litura), smoller citrus dog (Papilio xuthus), small blackfish cochlid (Seopelodes contracta), fall webworm (Hyphantria cunea), gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar), rice stem borer (Chilo suppressalis), bollworm (Heliothis zea), tobacco budworm (Heliothis virescens), bollweevil (Anthonomus grandis), confused flour beetle (Tribolium confusum), colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata), sawfly (Neurotoma irdescens), Culex mosquito (Culex pipiens pallens). 
     The compounds of the present invention do not substantially impart insecticidal effect to adults and are ineffective to natural enemies as predatory insects and impart low toxicity to animals. 
     When the compounds are used as active ingredients of the insecticidal composition, it is possible to prepare various forms of the compositions such as dust, wettable powder, emulsifiable concentrate, invert emulsion, oil solution, aerosol preparation, etc. with adjuvants as the cases of agricultural compositions. The compositions can be applied with or without diluting them in suitable concentrations. 
     Suitable adjuvants include powdery carriers such as talc, kaolin, bentonite, diatomaceous earth, silicon dioxide, clay and starch; liquid diluents such as water, xylene, toluene, dimethylsulfoxide, dimethyl formamide, acetonitrile, and alcohol; emulsifiers dispersing agents spreaders etc. 
     The concentration of the active ingredient in the selective insecticidal composition is usually 5 to 80 wt.% in the case of the oily concentrate; and 0.5 to 30 wt.% in the case of dust; 5 to 60 wt.% in the case of wettable powder. 
     It is also possible to combine with the other agricultural ingredients such as the other insecticides, miticides, plant growth regulators. Sometimes synergetic effects are found. 
     The selective insecticides of the present invention are effective for inhibiting various injurious insects and they are usually applied at a concentration of the active ingredients of 5 to 10,000 ppm preferably 20 to 2,000 ppm. 
     EXPERIMENT 1 
     The active ingredients were respectively dispersed in water to prepare dispersions having specified concentrations. Leaves of cabbage were dipped into the dispersions for about 10 seconds and taken out and dried under passing air. 
     A piece of moistened filter paper was put on each Petri dish (diameter 9 cm) and the dried leaves of cabbage were put on the filter paper and larvae of diamondback moth in 2nd or 3rd instar were fed on them and the Petri dishes were covered and kept in constant temperature at 28° C. with lightening. After 8 days from the treatment with the dispersion, the dead larvae were measured and the mortality rates were calculated by the following equation: ##EQU1## 
     
                       Table 1______________________________________                   Mortality                   Rate                   (%)                   (concen-                    tration)                         200    100No.  Active ingredient        ppm    ppm______________________________________1    N-(2-chlorobenzoyl)N&#39;-[3-chloro-4(5-bromo-pyridyl-2-oxy)phenyl]urea                         100    1002    N-(2-chlorobenzoyl)N&#39;-[3-chloro-4-(5-nitro-pyridyl-2-oxy)phenyl]urea                         100    1003    N-(2-chlorobenzoyl)N&#39;-[4-(3,5-dibromo-pyridyl-2-oxy)phenyl]urea                         100    1004    N-(2-chlorobenzoyl)N&#39;-[3-chloro-4-(3,5-dibromopyridyl-2-oxy)phenyl]urea                         100    1005    N-(2-chlorobenzoyl)N&#39;-[4-(3,5-dichloro-pyridyl-2-oxy)phenyl]urea                         100    1006    N-(2-chlorobenzoyl)N&#39;-[3-chloro-4-(3,5-dichloropyridyl-2-oxy)phenyl]urea                         100    1007    N-(2,6-dichlorobenzoyl)N-[4-(3,5-dichloropyridyl-2-oxy)phenyl]urea                         100    1008    N-(2,6-dichlorobenzoyl)N&#39;-[3-chloro-4-(3,5-dichloropyridyl-2-oxy)phenyl]urea                         100    1009    N-(2-chlorobenzoyl)N&#39;-[3,5-dichloro-4-(3,5-dichloropyridyl-2-oxy)phenyl]urea                         100     8010   N-(2,6-dichlorobenzoyl)N&#39;-[3,5-dichloro-4-(3,5-dichloropyridyl-2-oxy)phenyl]urea                          80     6011   N-(2,6-difluorobenzoyl)N&#39;-[4-(3,5-dichloropyridyl-2-oxy)phenyl]urea12   10012   N-(2,6-difluorobenzoyl)N&#39;-[3-chloro-4-(3,5-dichloropyridyl-2-oxy)phenyl]urea                         100    10013   N-(2-chlorobenzoyl)N&#39;-[4-(5-bromo-pyridyl-2-oxy)phenyl]urea                         100    10014   N-(2-chlorobenzoyl)N&#39;-[3-chloro-4-(5-chloropyridyl-2-oxy)phenyl]urea                         100    10015   N-(2-chlorobenzoyl)N&#39;-[3,5-dichloro-4-(5-chloropyridyl-2-oxy)phenyl]urea                         100     6016   N-(2-chlorobenzoyl)N&#39;-[4-(5-trifluoro-methylpyridyl-2-oxy)phenyl]urea                         100     8017   N-(2,6-difluorobenzoyl)N&#39;-[3-chloro-4-(5-chloropyridyl-2-oxy)phenyl]urea                         100    100______________________________________ 
    
     EXPERIMENT 2 
     On radish young seedlings grown in unglazed pots, adults of diamondback moth were fed and kept for 24 hours to blow ova. One day later, aqueous dispersions of the active ingredients (500 ppm) were respectively sprayed on the young seedlings to fall drops of the dispersion and dried and kept in glass greenhouse. After 10 days from the treatment with the dispersion, the dead larvae were measured and the mortality rates were calculated by the equation ##EQU2## 
     The results are shown in Table 2. 
     
                       Table 2______________________________________                       Mortality rateNO.  Active ingredient      (%)______________________________________1    N-(2-chlorobenzoyl)N&#39;-[3-chloro-4-(5-nitropyridyl-2-oxy)phenyl]urea                        802    N-(2-chlorobenzoyl)N&#39;-[3-chloro-4-(3,5-dibromopyridyl-2-oxy)phenyl]urea                       1003    N-(2-chlorobenzoyl)N&#39;-[3-chloro-4-(3,5-dichloropyridyl-2-oxy)phenyl]urea                       100______________________________________ 
    
     EXPERIMENT 3 
     About 20 cc of germinated rice seeds were put into cups (diameter: 9 cm, height: 3 cm) to grow them. When they grew to seedlings having a height of 1 to 2 cm, the aqueous dispersions at specified concentrations were respectively sprayed at a ratio of 2 cc per 1 cup and dried, and larvae of rice stem borer (just hatched) were fed and the cups were covered. After 10 days from the treatment with the dispersion, the dead larvae were measured and the mortality rates were calculated by the equation of Experiment 1. The results are shown in Table 3. 
     
                       Table 3______________________________________                Mortality rate (%)                (concentration)No.  Active ingredient     200 ppm  100 ppm______________________________________1    N-(2-chlorobenzoyl)N&#39;-[3-chloro-4- (5-bromopyridyl-2-oxy) phenyl] urea                      100      1002    N-(2-chlorobenzoyl)N&#39;-[3-chloro-4- (5-nitropyridyl-2-oxy) phenyl] urea                      100      1003    N-(2-chlorobenzoyl)N&#39;-[3-chloro-4- (3,5-dibromopyridyl)-2-oxy) phenyl] urea                 100      1004    N-(2-chlorobenzoyl)N&#39;-[3-chloro-4- (3,5-dichloropyridyl-2-oxy) phenyl] urea                 100      100______________________________________ 
    
     EXPERIMENT 4 
     Young branches of persimmon tree cut in a length of 15 cm from the top, were respectively dipped into the aqueous dispersions of N-(2-chlorobenzoyl)N&#39;-[3-chloro-4-(3,5-dichloropyridyl-2-oxy)phenyl]urea at various concentrations for 10 seconds, and they were dried and put into wide mouth bottles and larvae of gypsy moth in 2nd or 3rd instar were fed into them. The bottles were covered with gauze and kept in a constant temperature at 28° C. with lightening. After 7 days and 15 days from the treatment with the dispersion, the dead larvae were measured and the mortality rates and the abnormal rates were calculated. The results are shown in Table 4. 
     
                       Table 4______________________________________       Mortality rate (%)       (concentration)Observation   400 ppm   200 ppm   100 ppm______________________________________After 7 days  100       90 (10)*  40 (30)*After 15 days 100       100       90 (10)*______________________________________  *abnormal rate 
    
     EXPERIMENT 5 
     N-(2-chlorobenzoyl)N&#39;-[4-(3,5-dibromopyridyl-2-oxy)phenyl]urea was used to prepare the aqueous dispersions at specified concentrations. The effects of the dispersions to various insects were tested. The mortality rates after 10 days from the treatments were obtained in accordance with the process of Experiment 1. 
     The results are shown in Table 5. 
     
                       Table 5______________________________________                      Concent-                      ration   MortalityInsects        Treatment   (ppm)    rate______________________________________cabbage armyworm:          cabbage leaf2nd instar larvae          dipping      50      100(Lepidoptera)confused flour beetle:          wheat flour2nd larval instar larvae          blending    200      100(Coleoptera)1 sp. of sawfly          cherry branch3rd instar larvae          spraying    250      100(Hymenoptera)______________________________________ 
    
     EXPERIMENT 6 
     200 ml of the aqueous dispersions at specified concentrations were respectively placed in glass containers with a capacity of 450 cc. 20 larvae of third instar of the mosquito (Culex pipiens pallens) were placed in each container and the containers were hold at 26°-28° C. with lightening. The mortality rates after 10 days from the treatments were obtained in accordance with the process of Experiment 1. 
     The results are shown in Table 6. 
     
                       Table 6______________________________________               Mortality rate (%)No.  Active ingredient    0.1 ppm  0.01 ppm______________________________________1    N-(2-chlorobenzoyl)N&#39;-[4-(3,5-dibromopyridyl-2-oxy)phenyl] urea                     100      1002    N-(2,6-difluorobenzoyl)N&#39;-[4-(3,5-dichloropyridy-2-oxy)phenyl] urea                     100      1003    N-(2-chlorobenzoyl)N&#39;-[4-(5-bromo-pyridyl)-2-oxy)phenyl] urea                     100      100______________________________________ 
    
     COMPOSITION 1 
     
         ______________________________________(a)  N-(2-chlorobenzoyl)N&#39;-[3-chloro-4-(3,5-dichloropyridyl-2-oxy)phenyl]urea      20 wt. parts(b)  Dimethyl sulfoxide     70 wt. parts(c)  Polyoxyethylenealkylphenyl ether                       10 wt. parts______________________________________ 
    
     The components were uniformly blended to dissolve the ingredient to prepare an emulsifiable concentrate. 
     COMPOSITION 2 
     
         ______________________________________(a) N-(2-chlorobenzoyl)N&#39;-[4-(3,5-dichloropyridyl-2-oxy)phenyl]    urea                   5 wt. parts(b) Talc                   92 wt. parts(c) Sodium naphthalene sulfonate    formaldehyde condensate                      3 wt. parts______________________________________ 
    
     The mixture was pulverized to uniformly mix them to prepare dust. 
     COMPOSITION 3 
     
         ______________________________________(a)   N-(2,6-dichlorobenzoyl)N&#39;-[4-(3,5-dichloropyridyl-2-oxy phenyl]urea          50 wt. parts(b)   Jeeklite (fine divided clay)                      45 wt. parts(d)   Sodium ligninsulfonate                       5 wt. parts______________________________________ 
    
     The components were pulverized to uniformly mix them to prepare a wettable powder.