Abstract:
A disclosed system and method are configured to process waste via a frontend processing module configured to crush, grind, aggregate and concentrate waste from a coarse material to a finer material including an iterative reprocessing of any oversized components. The disclosed system also includes a classifying module to separate the coarse material from the finer material via a process water and at least one microgrinder and fractioning centrifuge. The disclosed system further comprises a backend processing module configured for further classifying the respective coarse and fine material for energy production and dewatering, recovering and combusting component materials. System submodules are configured to microgrind and gasify or pyrolize a resulting particle slurry into a combustible synthetic gas release for electricity generation and heat. The system is applied to waste recovery of waste glass, electronics waste, coal piles, coal water fuels, biofuels, algae lipid oils, and various precious minerals.

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION 
       [0001]    This application claims the benefit of the priority date of earlier filed U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 62/323,778, titled ‘Waste Stream Recovery Technology’ filed Apr. 17, 2016 by Keith A. Langenbeck, and is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. 
     
    
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
       [0002]    Municipal landfills, repositories for electronic product waste (eWaste) and obsolete computer components, coal waste piles (aka gob piles), coal ash repositories, precious metal mining tailing piles and the like represent vast stores of valuable minerals and energy forms, if those commodities can be harvested cleanly, efficiently and affordably. However, technology lags for the recovery of valuable commodities, unique systems for economic recovery of certain valuable commodities and unique applications for recovering and harvesting valuable energy forms. Improvements in applied technology and recovery systems for waste stream processing are also needed for general application in commercial mining, commodity energy production and fuel production operations. 
         [0003]    One consequence of reducing the number of coal fired power plants used to produce electricity is a concomitant reduction of coal flyash. Some types of coal ash, types C and F, have historically been used as beneficial additives in concrete recipes. Some of the challenges in the recovery and conversion of landfill glass are: (1) separation of the non-glass [plastic, aluminum, steel, cork, labels and such] from the glass, (2) removing the majority of the materials adhered to the glass surfaces such as adhesives, food stuffs, soft drinks, beer, wine and etcetera, (3) washing and cleaning of the glass particles sufficiently so that carried over contaminants do not degrade the cement chemistry and concrete strength, (4) treatment systems to extract contaminants from the wash water so it can be recycled and (5) classifying the ground glass particles to ensure the particle size specifications and size distribution are met in the finished product. 
         [0004]    Therefore a market need for waste stream recovery conversion technologies has existed but has gone unmet by the presently available developments and methods. 
       SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
       [0005]    A disclosed system and method are configured to process waste includes a frontend processing module configured to one of crush, grind, aggregate and concentrate waste from a coarse material to a finer material including an iterative reprocessing of any oversized components. The disclosed system also includes a classifying module configured to separate the coarse material from the finer material via a process water or fluid and at least one microgrinder and at least one fractioning centrifuge. The disclosed system further comprises a backend processing module configured to at least one of further classifying the respective coarse and fine material for energy production and dewatering, recovering and combusting component materials. 
         [0006]    System submodules are configured to microgrind and gasify or pyrolyse a particle flow for a combustible synthetic gas release for electricity generation and heat. The disclosed system and method are applied to waste recovery of waste glass, electronics waste, coal piles, coal water fuels, biofuels, algae lipid oils, precious minerals and various different minerals into heat and electrical energy for internal use and sales. 
         [0007]    Other aspects and advantages of embodiments of the disclosure will become apparent from the following detailed description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, illustrated by way of example of the principles of the disclosure. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0008]      FIG. 1  illustrates a system diagram for the unique remediation and material recovery of waste glass in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. 
           [0009]      FIG. 2  illustrates a system diagram for the unique remediation and material recovery of valuable materials from electronics waste, computer board waste, green board, e-board (electronic board) or eWaste (electronic waste) in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. 
           [0010]      FIG. 3  illustrates a system diagram used in the unique remediation and recovery of valuable material from waste coal piles (aka gob piles, gob coal, culm or boney) common to coal mining regions in accordance with an embodiment of the disclosure. 
           [0011]      FIG. 4  illustrates a system diagram used in the unique remediation and recovery of valuable minerals and material from coal ash repositories that arise from coal power plant operation in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. 
           [0012]      FIG. 5  illustrates a system diagram used in production of coal water fuels (CWF, also known as coal water slurry fuels, CWSF) in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. 
           [0013]      FIG. 6  illustrates a system diagram used in production of a unique hybrid solid or rigid biofuel in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. 
           [0014]      FIG. 7  illustrates a system diagram used in lysing, separating and recovering of algae lipid oils from algae bodies in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. 
           [0015]      FIG. 8  illustrates a system diagram used in grinding, microgrinding to uniform particle sizes, fractioning centrifuge separation of uniform particle sizes by differential particle density and recovery of valuable precious and non-precious minerals in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. 
           [0016]      FIG. 9  illustrates a system diagram used in grinding, microgrinding to uniform particle sizes, fractioning centrifuge separation of uniform particle sizes by differential particle density and recovery of various different minerals in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. 
       
    
    
       [0017]    Throughout the description, similar or same reference numbers may be used to identify similar or same elements in the several embodiments and drawings. Although specific embodiments of the invention have been illustrated, the invention is not to be limited to the specific forms or arrangements of parts so described and illustrated. The scope of the invention is to be defined by the claims appended hereto and their equivalents. 
       DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
       [0018]    Reference will now be made to exemplary embodiments illustrated in the drawings and specific language will be used herein to describe the same. It will nevertheless be understood that no limitation of the scope of the disclosure is thereby intended. Alterations and further modifications of the inventive features illustrated herein and additional applications of the principles of the inventions as illustrated herein, which would occur to one skilled in the relevant art and having possession of this disclosure, are to be considered within the scope of the invention. 
         [0019]    Throughout the present disclosure and continuances and/or divisional disclosures thereof, the term ‘classify’ refers to a mechanical separation of pieces or particle components into larger coarse material and into smaller finer material. The term ‘dewatering’ refers to the process of removing water or a fluid from a slurry and therefore also applies to reducing the concentration of the fluid. The use of the term ‘water’ therefore also applies to ‘fluids’ as well in the specification and the drawings. The term ‘microgrinding’ refers to a fluid mechanical grinding of particles and pieces to produce material measuring nominally in microns. The term ‘nominal’ refers to an average or a median or a benchmark number or measurement that may differ by ten percent or by a multiple sigma variation or by design according to manufacturing and economic considerations. Other terms herein may take their common denotation meaning found in trade journals, thesis, other scholarly papers and other industry accepted technical references. 
         [0020]    This application discloses technology uniquely applied in the recovery of valuable commodities, unique systems for economic recovery of certain valuable commodities and unique applications of the herein described technology for recovering and harvesting valuable energy forms. The technology and recovery systems described for waste stream processing also have general application in commercial mining, commodity energy production and fuel production operations. 
         [0021]    A potential replacement for beneficial flyash types is ground glass/silica with a particle size of approximately 45 micron and less. Landfill glass harvested, cleaned and processed to the proper particle size could be an affordable replacement in concrete recipes. 
         [0022]      FIG. 1  illustrates a system diagram for the unique remediation and material recovery of waste glass in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. It includes but is not limited to taking mixed glass  100  into a glass shredder  102 , crushing, washing, grinding, drying, classifying, microgrinding including rod mill grinding down to the desired particle size and recovery of glass for reuse as further described below. 
         [0023]    This system anticipates the conversion of feedstock material harvested from a landfill, glass presort operations at municipal waste transfer facilities, curbside recycling, reject glass from glass manufacturing and other operations. Presorted glass, before being deposited in the landfill, poses essentially the same technical challenge as landfill glass except that the level of contamination and dirt adhered to the glass waste stream should be less. The washing process and water recycling effort would be less challenging with presorted glass but still required. Soluble organic and mineral contaminants, if not removed in the washing and drying steps could corrupt cement chemistry and cause concrete recipes to fail. 
         [0024]    The system of  FIG. 1  is configured to receive feedstock of raw mixed glass  100  that is shredded  102  to a reduced size. Non-glass  126  is separated  104  from the glass prior to additional crushing  106  of the separated glass to further reduce glass particle size. Washing, scrubbing and particle size screening  108  follows the crushing operation  106 . Spent wash water  128  undergoes debris removal  130  and remediation or decontamination via dissolved contaminant removal  134  to enable water recycling  138  and water reuse in the system. Process water is made up  140  to feed the process water  142  for glass crushing  106  and washing, scrubbing and screening  108 . Glass coming from the washing, scrubbing and screening  108  is dried  110  prior to any particle size reduction through microgrinding  112 . The first microgrinding step  112  is by particle size classification  114  with over-sized particles returned back  118  to the microgrinding process  112 . The second microgrinding process  116  receives the glass particles from the first glass particle classifying process  114  that were not oversized and reduces the glass particle size further. A second classifying process  120  follows the second microgrinding process  116  with oversized particles being returned back  122  to the second microgrinding  116  process. Glass particles from the second classifying process  120  of the specified particle size  124  are used or packaged for future use. The  FIG. 1  diagram shows a 2 step microgrinding and classifying sequence but 3 or more microgrinding and classifying steps are anticipated and included in this disclosure as well. 
         [0025]      FIG. 2  illustrates a system diagram for the unique remediation and material recovery of valuable materials from electronics waste, computer board waste, green board, e-board or eWaste in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. It includes but is not limited to shredding, crushing, separating, grinding, simultaneous grinding, gasifying or pyrolysis of electronic waste, recovery of valuable metals for reuse and conversion of phenolic or plastic material into an energy source like hydrogen or syngas. 
         [0026]    The system of simultaneous grinding, gasifying and pyrolysis of electronic waste uniquely solves the problem of separating valuable metals and minerals intimately encased by phenolic resin or other plastics. The surrounded metals are commonly copper, aluminum, rare earth elements, steel, precious metals and the like. The aggregated metals can represent as much as 70% of the weight. Combining the gasification and pyrolysis processes while the e-board particles are simultaneously being ground minimizes and removes the surface formation of tars and char that restrict the rapid conversion of the phenolic material into useful combustion gases like hydrogen. The unique combination of grinding action with pyrolysis and gasification in a single unit process minimizes or eliminates the need for certain catalysts that can prevent the formation of tars and char. Those tars and char can impede conversion of phenolic material to valuable combustion gases. The combined grinding, gasifying and pyrolysis of the eWaste also eliminates liquid solvents used to dissolve away the phenolic or plastic material encasing the valuable metal constituents. 
         [0027]    The system of  FIG. 2  receives electronic waste  200  that is shredded  202  to a reduced size to liberate free metal pieces for removal  204 . The remaining electronic waste is ground  206  before additional free metal recovery and classifying  208 . After initial grinding  206  and free metal separation and classifying  208 , remaining eWaste particles are introduced to a combination microgrinding and gasification/pyrolysis process  212 . The combustible gases  216  that come from conversion of the phenolics in computer boards, plastic cases for monitors or keyboards and the like are used to fuel electrical generators  218 . Waste heat from the combustion exhaust  230  from the electrical generators is used in the microgrinding and gasification/pyrolysis  212  while the kilowatts generated  220  are used internally to the system  222  or sold external  224  to the grid. After the phenolic or plastic materials have been sublimated the remaining recovered metals  210  and other non-metal minerals  240  like silica are discharged from the combination microgrinding and gasification/pyrolysis process  212  and separated  214 . 
         [0028]      FIG. 3  illustrates a system diagram used in the unique remediation and recovery of valuable material from waste coal piles (aka gob piles, gob coal, culm or boney) common to coal mining regions in accordance with an embodiment of the disclosure. It includes but is not limited to shredding, crushing, washing, grinding, classifying, microgrinding down to the desired common particle size, separating coal particles from non-coal particles by fractioning centrifuge and conversion of the recovered coal into electrical energy. 
         [0029]    The system anticipates the separation of the coal from commingled non-coal and consequent environmental restoration of the waste coal dump site. Gob coal piles are the discharge from coal mining operations that have run out of the coal seam and cause the mixing of non-coal with coal. The gob coal has insufficient BTU (British Thermal Units) value for conventional combustion uses and severe air emissions result when burned. Site remediation would end rainwater leaching of contaminants into the ground water and recovery of the coal for use in conventional combustion, production of coal water fuels (CWF), gasification or pyrolysis into synthetic natural gas and conversion into commercial chemicals. Instrumental in this unique separation of the non-coal from the coal is grinding the gob coal down to uniform particle sizes, which enables fractioning centrifuge separation of non-coal and coal particles by varying specific gravity. The now separated coal can be used in power generation, coal water fuel production and conversion to synthetic natural gas. 
         [0030]    The system of  FIG. 3  receives waste coal or gob coal  300  that is crushed  302  to a reduced size for size classifying  304 . Oversize pieces and particles  306  may be returned back to the initial crushing operation  302  for further processing. Microgrinding  308  of the coal gob with process water  350  results in a slurry of small, similar sized coal particles  318  and a non-coal particle slurry  316 . The particles in the slurry are separated  310  by their differential weights based upon mineral density. Over size particles  312  from the fractioning centrifuge classifying  310  are recycled into the microground gob pile of waste coal  318 . 
         [0031]    Once isolated, the coal water slurry  318  is received by the microgrinding gasification/pyrolysis  320  or further microgrind processing into coal water fuels  330 . Combustible syngas  322  released is used to produced electrical power  342  for internal  348  use or external  346  sale. Waste heat  326  from the electrical generation  324  is used in the microgrinding gasification/pyrolysis  320 . Mineral Ash  360  may result from the microgrind and gasification/pyrolysis  320 . Coal slurry  318  could also be fed to coal water fuel microgrinding process  330 . The process output is used to fuel diesel type generator engine or turbines  332  in the generation of electrical power  346  and  348 . Waste heat  334  from the coal water fueled electrical generation  340  could be used for other purposes  336  and  328 . 
         [0032]      FIG. 4  illustrates a system diagram used in the unique remediation and recovery of valuable minerals and material from coal ash repositories that arise from coal power plant operation in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. It includes but is not limited to grinding, washing, dissolving, classifying, microgrinding to expose and facilitate the recovery of valuable minerals encased in the glass like coal ash particles, dewatering and particle separation by fractioning centrifuge, dissolved mineral recovery, reuse of processed coal ash for geological remediation and beneficial concrete additives, remediation and elimination of coal ash repositories as the environmental hazard sites. 
         [0033]    The system anticipates the extraction of high value minerals found within coal flyash, the combustion byproduct when coal is burned in electrical power plants. High concentrations of rare earth elements can be found in Appalachian coal ash. Microgrinding of the coal ash particles, which are encapsulated within a glassy matrix of aluminum silicates, in a solution of certain acids to extract minerals is a unique and efficient approach to recover sought after minerals. During microgrinding, abrasion of the coal ash particle exterior and increased surface area enables mineral recovery in the solvent slurry. 
         [0034]    The system of  FIG. 4  receives coal ash  400  or other residual coal combustion byproducts such as bottom ash or clinker may require crushing or other preprocessing before being introduced to the disclosed process circuit. Coal ash  400  particles, collected in the flue stacks of coal powered generating plants, are typically very small in the range of 45 microns. During the initial microgrinding step  402 , liquid mineral solvents  440  like nitric acid or others are added to a resulting liquid slurry during the grinding operation. In the microgrinding process the ash particles are reduced in size, the surface area is increased and the solvent is exposed to the sought after minerals simultaneously. After the first microgrinding process  402  has run its course, the slurry is dewatered by fractioning centrifuge  404  to separate the mineral bearing solution  414  from the residual coal ash into dissolved mineral recovery  416 . Sequential microgrinding  406  and  410  and dewatering steps  408 ,  412 , and  420  repeat the process of particles being reduced in size, the surface area being increased and the solvent being exposed to the sought after minerals simultaneously to maximize the extraction of minerals encased within the coal ash particles. The fractioning centrifuge U.S. Pat. No. 8,397,918B2 is uniquely suited to separate the ash particles from the solution due to its high G-force and laminar flow fluid handling operation. Coal ash particles at or below 45 microns tend to naturally float or suspend in fluids and not settle out. Reducing the coal ash particle size during the slurry microgrinding further increases the difficulty of separating the valuable solution from the residual ash particles. After the last microgrinding  410  and dewatering  412  steps, the residual coal ash particles are washed  420  or slurried with process water  428  to clean the residual coal ash particles  422  as it can have commercial value as beneficial additives to concrete and others uses. The wash water  424  feeds the remedial wash water  426  and the process water  428  which feeds the coal ash wash  418  in a loop including the fractioning centrifuge dewatering  420 . 
         [0035]      FIG. 5  illustrates a system diagram used in production of coal water fuels (CWF, also known as coal water slurry fuels, CWSF) in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. It includes but is not limited to crushing, washing, grinding, classifying, microgrinding down to the desired common particle size, separating larger coal particles from smaller coal particles by fractioning centrifuge and conversion of the coal into electrical energy. 
         [0036]    The system anticipates the production of viable coal water fuels on small or large scale with particle size distribution of 100% less than or equal to 20 micron or smaller. This unique coal water fuel differs from previous coal water fuels, which have had statistically normal particle size distributions with a desired mean particle size. Coal water fuel prepared with a particle size distribution of 100% less than or equal to 20 micron could eliminate the need for hardened internal engine parts (such as intake and exhaust valves, valve guides, piston rings, turbochargers and etcetera), promote stable particle suspension in water without use of stabilizing additives, reduced exhaust emissions, result in more complete combustion and other benefits. 
         [0037]    The system of  FIG. 5  receives mined coal  500  that is crushed  502  and classified  504  and then ground  508  in a series of steps to reduce the particle size. Over size pieces  506  from the classifying  504  are recycled into the crush mined coal  502 . The ground mined coal  508  is sent to microgrinding  516  and fractioning centrifuge classifying  518 . The particles are separated by their differential weights based upon different particle size. Over size particles  520  from the fractioning centrifuge classifying  518  are recycled into the microgrind  516 . Process water  540  aids the steps  512 ,  516  and  518 . After grinding  508  and classification  512  via a fractioning centrifuge, the coal and water are microground  522  to a fuel until the coal particle size distribution is 100% less than or equal to 20 microns and used for electric generation  524 . Over size particles  514  from the fractioning centrifuge classifying  512  are recycled into the grind mined coal  508 . Coal particle sizes at 100% less than or equal to 20 micron naturally stay in suspension without additives, are small enough to prevent internal damage, wear to engine parts, are proven to be a clean coal fuel with reduced emissions and are difficult to produce by previous methodologies. A suspension of coal in water in the range of 50:50 can be used to fuel diesel (compression ignition) type reciprocating engines or turbines  524  that generate electrical power  530  for internal use  532  or external sale  534 . Combustion waste heat  526  from the fueled electric generator  524  may be used for other uses  528  including heating and energy recycling. 
         [0038]      FIG. 6  illustrates a system diagram used in production of a unique hybrid solid or rigid biofuel in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. It includes but is not limited to crushing, grinding, integration of various constituents to result in a hybrid solid or rigid fuel, pellet or briquette production from the various constituents, gasification and pyrolysis of the pellet or briquette solid or rigid fuel into syngas, combustion of syngas for generation of electrical power, conversion of syngas into liquid fuels or petrochemical feedstock and use waste heat from electrical generation for other functions. 
         [0039]    The disclosed system anticipates production of a unique hybrid solid or rigid fuel that overcomes current material handling and processing hurdles in the conversion of various biomass categories. It would combine a solid aggregate core particle (such as coal, shredded plastic, shredded wood) part in combination with relatively dry, lightweight, low density fibrous matrix (such as corn stover, sugar cane bagasse, straw, hemp wastes) part and a relatively liquid (such as municipal waste water solids, anaerobic digester discharge, animal manure/sludge) part into a pellet or briquette solid fuel. Among the many benefits, the solid or rigid hybrid fuel would have uniform and higher heat value, be easily handled by conventional material handling means, convert lightweight biomass at or near the point of origin, convert toxic biomass sludge/manure at or near the point of origin, concentrate and capture valuable and toxic minerals currently contaminating the environment, obviate the need for drying biomass before conversion as the fibrous part would absorb moisture content from the liquid part and others. 
         [0040]    For example, using coal as the solid core part and pig manure as the liquid part allows for recovery of the rare earth elements, sulfur, arsenic, mercury et al from the coal fraction and copper, zinc, potassium, nitrogen, phosphorous et al from the pig manure fraction. The mineral fraction from the coal and the mineral fraction from the pig manure would be commingled in the residual ash byproduct from gasification or pyrolysis. The fibrous and liquid parts in the hybrid fuel would be sourced locally from hog and corn farmers. The coal would be easily shipped in by rail or truck. Waste heat from generator engines or turbines could be used for heating animal raising operations or hot house vegetable farming in the cold months. Anaerobic digesters, familiar to concentrated animal farming/feeding operations (CAFO), only convert half of the raw manure feedstock to methane with the cellulosic remainder typically being land applied. Consequently, this methane digester sludge could be used as the liquid part in the hybrid fuel and eliminate heavy metal contamination of the soil. 
         [0041]    The system of  FIG. 6  receives feedstocks of solid or rigid combustible constituent  600  like ground coal or the like, fibrous combustible material  602  such as left over corn stalks, stover, sugar cane bagasse or low quality hemp fiber or the like and a liquid, viscous component  604  that has high btu value as well including manure, biosludge and municipal waste of high BTU value. The feedstocks would be mixed and integrated  606  to allow grinding, integration and pelletization  608  and pressing into pellets and briquettes. Pelletization and briquette formation allows for ready transportation of the hybrid fuel and conventional material handling in solid fuel operations like gasification/pyrolysis processes  610 . It is anticipated that the pelletized hybrid fuel would be produced and used at commercial farming operations such as hog farming to eliminate animal manure wastes. Fuel  612  including combustible syngas fuels an electric generator  614  to generate kW  616  of electricity for internal farm use  620  and external sale  618  to local and remote grids. Waste heat  622  from the kilowatt generation could be used to heat animal buildings, hot house vegetable operations and other uses  624 . The leftover residual ash  630  from the gasification/pyrolysis processes  610  would contain valuable non-metal minerals  632  and recovered metals  634  that are conventionally unrecovered. 
         [0042]      FIG. 7  illustrates a system diagram used in lysing, separating and recovering of algae lipid oils from algae bodies in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. It includes but is not limited to microgrinding, lysing, classifying by fractioning centrifuge, microgrinding algal biomass fluids to open or lyse the exterior cell wall of the algal bodies, mechanical separating the interior lipid oil sacks from the rest of the algal bodies by fractioning centrifuge, concentrating and dewatering of the lipid oil fraction and concentrating and dewatering of the remaining algal bodies after lipid oil sack separation. 
         [0043]    The primary hurdle or constraint in the commercial production of algae oil as a biofuel feedstock has been opening the cellulosic exterior of the algae body and removing the lipid oil sack from its interior. The disclosed system anticipates the lysing, opening or cracking of the algae body by unique vibration, mild abrasion and frequencies introduced by rod mill microgrinding to the algal biomass, mechanical separation and concentration of the algae oil lipid sacks by fractioning centrifuge and concentration of algal oil by mechanical means without the use of solvents. Mechanical methods of opening algae bodies and removing the lipid oils therein, also eliminates the high cost of solvents like butanol or others. These solvents can be toxic and render the residual algae bodies unfit for animal or human consumption. Mechanical lysing and concentration of the lipids and algae bodies allows for utilizing the entire algal biomass, prevents toxic contamination of algae growing operation, allows reuse of the grow water recovered in the dewatering step and maximizes the value of the entire biomass operation. 
         [0044]    The system of  FIG. 7  receives algal feedstock for harvesting  700  from commercial algae growing operations. One of the challenges of algae growing is concentrating the amount of algae from the growing operation. The concentration and dewatering step  702  is accomplished by a fractioning centrifuge or other means to produce concentrated algae before being processed by microgrinding  706  to produce the concentrated algae. Water recovered  704  from the dewatering step  702  is recycled into the feedstock for harvesting  700 . The agitation, frequencies and vibrations introduced by microgrinding  706  uniquely results in the opening or disintegration of the exterior algae shell, also known as lyzing. After the lyzing operation  706  the fluids would be subjected to the fractioning centrifuge to separate  708  the interior lipid sacks  710  which contain high grade vegetable oil. Further concentration of the lipid sacks via a subsequent fractioning centrifuge separation  712  removes and recovers excess water  714  thereby concentrating the algae oil lipid sacks  716  and improving the value of thealgae oil biofuel feedstock  718  or preparing the algae oil for other uses  720 . Fractioning centrifuge separation  708  of the lipid sacks after lyzing also separates the cellulosic exterior body or shell  730 . After dewatering, the cellulosic algae bodies  732  can be used in new generation ethanol production  734 , animal feedstock and human food supplements  736 . 
         [0045]      FIG. 8  illustrates a system diagram used in grinding, microgrinding to uniform particle sizes, fractioning centrifuge separation of uniform particle sizes by differential particle density and recovery of valuable precious and non-precious minerals in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. It includes but is not limited to crushing, classifying, grinding, classifying by fractioning centrifuge, grinding to nominally uniform particle size of tailing pile feedstock, separating certain mineral particles from certain other mineral particles by fractioning centrifuge based upon gradients in particle density or weight and dewatering separated mineral stream fractioning centrifuge. 
         [0046]    The disclosed system anticipates the use of rod mill microgrinding in conjunction with fractioning centrifuge separation of certain minerals commingled in mining tailing piles throughout the American West and other locations. This system anticipates using environmentally friendly methods different than non-environmentally friendly methods found in conventional mining operations. Microgrinding the tailing pile raw material to small, uniform particle size allows for fractioning centrifuge concentrating and separating of the different materials from a water slurry by different particle weight. Afterwards, the sought after mineral fraction can be dewatered, further refined and smelted by conventional means. This methodology applies as well for regular mineral mining operations. 
         [0047]    The system of  FIG. 8  receives feedstock of mine tailing pile material  800  that would be crushed  802  and classified  804 . Afterwards it is ground  808  and classified via fractioning centrifuge  810  to further reduce the particle size. Over size pieces  806  and over size particles  812  are recycled to the crushing step  802  and the grinding step  808  respectively. A microgrinding process  816  acting on the reduced particle size from  810  with water  814  made up from process water  850  generates a slurry with nominally uniform particle sizes of the various minerals. The particles in the slurry will be separated or classified via a fractioning centrifuge  818  by their differential weights based upon varying mineral density. The precious mineral fraction  820  would typically have heavier particle weights than non-precious mineral fraction  822 . Once separated and concentrated, conventional recovery methods of the precious metals  836 , non-precious metals  826  and minerals  840  are employed. A third fractioning centrifuge  824  classifies by separating even finer particles in the  822  slurry for waste water remediation  828  and process water output  814 . The precious mineral slurry  820  is dewatered  832  and the resulting mineral material  834  can therefore be recovered. 
         [0048]      FIG. 9  illustrates a system diagram used in grinding, microgrinding to uniform particle sizes, fractioning centrifuge separation of uniform particle sizes by differential particle density and recovery of various different minerals in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. It includes but is not limited to crushing, classifying, grinding, classifying by fractioning centrifuge, grinding to nominally uniform particle size of raw material feedstock, separating certain mineral particles from certain other mineral particles by fractioning centrifuge based upon gradients in particle density or weight and dewatering separated mineral streams via a fractioning centrifuge. 
         [0049]    The system anticipates the use of rod mill microgrinding in conjunction with fractioning centrifuge separation of certain minerals commingled in raw ore or other aggregations. This system anticipates using environmentally friendly methods different than non-environmentally friendly methods found in conventional mining operations. Microgrinding the raw material to small, uniform particle size allows for fractioning centrifuge concentrating and separating of the different minerals or materials from a water slurry by the different particle weight. Afterwards the different mineral or material fractions can be dewatered, further refined and recovered by conventional means. This methodology applies for regular mineral mining operations. 
         [0050]    The system of  FIG. 9  receives mineral feedstock  900  to be crushed  902  and classified by separation  904 . Afterward it is ground  908  and classified further via a first fractioning centrifuge  910  to further reduce the particle size. Over size particles  912  are recycled to more grinding  908  and over size pieces  906  are recycled to more crushing  902 . A microgrinding  916  process with water  914  made up in  950  generates a slurry with nominally uniform particle sizes of the various minerals. The process water also aids the grinding  908  and the classifying separation  910 . The particles in the slurry will be separated via a second fractioning centrifuge  918  by their differential weights based upon varying mineral density. For example, one mineral fraction  920  would have heavier particle weights than the lighter mineral fraction  922 . Once separated and concentrated, recovery methods for the heavier minerals  934  and lighter minerals  926  are employed including a heavier mineral dewatering  932  and a respective lighter mineral dewatering  924  into waste water remediation  928  and process water  914 . 
         [0051]    A common goal of the disclosed processes is to grind the mixed coal and non-coal to uniform particle sizes in a slurry of water. A fractioning centrifuge separates the coal from the non-coal. The coal, being lighter, will move out through the rotating hollow shaft pathway and the non-coal out the bottom pathway. Further grinding of the coal slurry stream results in a useful, clean burning fuel known as coal-water-fuel, useful as a cleaner burning replacement for diesel. 
         [0052]    Further distinguishing from conventional methods, the present disclosure gasifies or pyrolysizes the coal simultaneous with grinding the particle size ever smaller. This refreshes/cleans/agitates the surface of the eWaste particles and enables accelerated conversion versus regular gasification. 
         [0053]    Synthetic Natural Gas burns more cleanly than coal and essentially no different than regular natural gas. The cost per BTU for coal is less than the cost per BTU of natural gas from Oil and Gas petroleum operations, and it does not have the produced water disposal issues. 
         [0054]    This simultaneous flash grinding-gasification pyrolysis concept can be applied to various biomass feed stocks and others including the flash grinding-gasification pyrolysis of eWaste/greenboard/printed circuit phenolic board material to hydrogen and the vast metals within the phenolic board fully recovered. The disclosed flash processes apply grinding, gasification and pyrolysis over a predetermined short period of time at a predetermined high temperature. 
         [0055]    The present disclosure therefore fills the long felt need for a better and more efficient and economical recovery of waste materials into useable materials, electrical energy and heat. 
         [0056]    The unique features and novel inventions within this disclosure have various applications and are not limited in scope to the uses described herein. Although the components herein are shown and described in a particular order, the order thereof may be altered so that certain advantages or characteristics may be optimized. In another embodiment, instructions or sub-operations of distinct steps may be implemented in an intermittent and/or alternating manner. 
         [0057]    Notwithstanding specific embodiments of the invention have been described and illustrated, the invention is not to be limited to the specific forms or arrangements of parts so described and illustrated. The scope of the invention is to be defined by the claims and their equivalents.