Abstract:
The method of applying constraints across a generally extensible and configurable resource delivery system as a basis for identifying or calculating the relative impacts of each constraint on resource delivery to various points and, through the use of constraint release mechanisms, developing prescriptive courses of action to optimize and increase the certainty of delivery of the resource, or in the reverse sense, restrict delivery of the resource. In an embodiment of the present invention, a method for characterizing the availability and potential use of water resources alongside associated impacts in order to identify and time the various policy decisions and investments needed to ensure access to water supplies over time given multiple stakeholders and uncertain, variable supplies and demands where such embodiment provides additional methods generally applicable across the full scope of embodiments of the invention.

Description:
PRIORITY CLAIM 
     The claims and invention herein described claim a priority application date consistent with the filing date of provisional patent 60/919,202 filed Mar. 20, 2007. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     1. Field of the Invention 
     The field of the invention relates to decision-making processes for securing access to limited resources. 
     2. Description of Related Art 
     The advent of electronic computational devices has seen a related application of that technology to the field of resource-related problem-solving and decision-making. In the field of strategic planning, there exist methods for optimizing the use of resources across an organization in the form of resource leveling. In the field of telecommunications, there exist methods for “monitoring the resources of a telecommunications network, including performing functions such as initial network planning, frequency allocation, predetermined traffic routing to support load balancing, cryptographic key distribution authorization, configuration management, fault management, security management, performance management, and accounting management.” (ATIS Telecom Glossary 2000, T1.523-2001). The field of traffic engineering is similarly interested in the management of traffic flow along a transportation network in a safe and efficient fashion. In the field of natural resources and particularly in the area of water resource management, resource-related analysis and management tools can be divided into several general categories. Many of these same general categories exist in different embodiments within other fields of resource management including resource forecasting tools for forecasting the availability of supplies, flow characterization and distribution analysis tools for describing flows and pressures through a delivery network, system control and data acquisition systems for monitoring and controlling the flow of a resource within a delivery system, stakeholder economic analysis tools for assisting in negotiating resource use, financial analysis tools for determining costs related to resource acquisition and management, geographic information systems to view, store and analyze resource data from a geographic perspective, and integrated resource planning tools that incorporate a variety of operational inputs in an attempt to produce some optimal use of resources. Some of these tools include multiple stakeholder evaluations and some economic analysis. A few produce theoretical optimal allocation schemes based on certain market assumptions. 
     Such resource management tools are seeing increased use as a means to manage and optimize the use of resources. However, in the face of decreasing supplies and increasingly limited options for obtaining needed resources, there is a developing and obvious need for systems answering the question “What is preventing delivery of the resource, to what extent, and how do we best release the supply?” in a clear methodical fashion. 
     Some of the embodiments of the tools above and the regular exercise of engineering practice provide precursory information that would lend itself to formulating a systematic plan, but no current method applies this question and provides a solution as part of a formalized, generally extensible, systematic and methodically applied problem-solving technique generally applicable to resource supply and demand problems. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     In answering the question, “What is preventing delivery of the resource, to what extent, and how do we best release the supply?” the invention extends and generalizes the use of impact calculations as a means for deriving a prescriptive course of action commensurate with the inquiring entities&#39; objectives and resources. Constraint methods are applied to the delivery system operable to calculate the impacts of the constraint on the delivery of the resource. Calculation of impacts for each of the constraints is then coordinated over the delivery system. The inquiry by the invention is most typically applied over a period of time whereby impacts are calculated for each selected time step within a period of time. Impacts on supply resulting from a constraint are calculated for each constraint in terms of one or more of the quantity, intensity, incidence, probability, and frequency of loss, location or some derivative thereof for each time step. 
     Once constraints are identified and impacts calculated, candidate release mechanisms are identified for releasing the constraints. Selection of the release mechanisms is facilitated by the calculation of the “costs” of implementing each candidate release where the invention provides for the calculation of “costs” in metrics other than financial costs. The selection and calculation of a sorted parameter is then used to sort the release mechanisms in order of effectiveness in releasing quantities of the resource. A sorted parameter is any parameter or mathematical derivation of parameters associated with the release mechanisms including quantity of resource released, the cost of the release and parameters associated with the resource including availability, demand, quality and the associated probabilities of each parameter. 
     Related to this is a an additional utility whereby the selection and phasing of release mechanisms can be further refined based on the timing of the impact, availability of the resource, effectiveness of the release, the ability of the entity to access the resource and other factors including time-related factors affecting the constraint and the immediate availability of the resource. 
     The invention is further extended in a recursive fashion against constraints on the operation of releases allowing for the development of release solutions that meet a set of conditions set by the user. 
     Other accessory claims are the substitution or conversion of the primary resource to one or more other resources whose presence, availability, and/or quality are affected by the primary resource under consideration. Such conversions facilitate the use of the invention across multiple interests as might be the case when the commodity of interest for one group might be water but for another might be the number of salmonids able to spawn annually in a particular reach of a creek. The results of the analysis can be expressed in terms of either water or salmonid spawning success. 
     The invention contemplates the option of users grouping constraints, impacts, and release mechanisms into generalized categories per their needs and preferences and/or as made available as standard categories under various embodiments of the invention. Such categories can be utilized to provide the user with a “step-like” sequence of assessment wherein like constraints, their impacts and associated release mechanisms are associated together as a simplifying method for calculations, evaluation, analysis and presentation. 
     The invention&#39;s utility also extends to the cooperative identification of steps optimized to satisfy the collective needs of multiple parties. In general, this is achieved by deriving a particular set of prescriptive actions for each user or participant and then optimizing across the various solutions to arrive at a mutually agreed-to set of steps. In some embodiments the results collected and processed from repeated analysis for multiple entities and resources will be the means for producing a traditional resource management plan. 
     Though the invention can be applied in its simplest form against the delivery of a resource from point A to point B, it will be more typically employed across a configurable and extensible network environment. In some embodiments, such a network may reside as a component within the embodiment. In others, the invention will be applied to an external network by either adopting a copy of the pertinent features of the existing network and making necessary modifications and additions, or by dynamically querying and interacting with the external network. The invention may also be applied across distributed networks wherein the data describing the parts of the network and their associations to each other are held, updated, and manipulated in separate locations. 
     Application of the invention is not dependent upon the particular type of network used and depends only upon the assignment of constraints on the flow of one or more substances, qualities or symbolic quantities or qualities wherein the network represents the flow of that substance or symbolic quantity or quality. The constraints are anything that restricts or obstructs the flow of the “resource” and may be related to the physical qualities or elements of the network or may be external to the actual delivery mechanism. They can include restrictions gradually or spuriously applied over time and/or distance. 
     The mode of employment of the invention includes any non-networked and networked application including the use of the invention over the internet or through modes of electronic and telecommunication modes where such means can be used for all functions within the invention including searching out, identifying, selecting, downloading, uploading or assigning elements of the representation of the delivery system, constraints, releases methods, calculation methods, and methods for selecting and ordering the application of release mechanisms into a series of steps or course of action. 
     Though lending itself particularly useful towards securing access to physical resources, the invention can also be generally applied to develop a plan to assist in ensuring the delivery of any resource or substance from one location, real or imagined, to another location, real or imagined. Similarly, the invention can also be applied in the opposite sense in which the intent is to prevent delivery of the resource. This, for example, would be the case in a situation where a community was attempting to eliminate pollution of their streams with phosphates. Under such embodiments, the role of constraint and release mechanisms are reversed or alternatively, the resource becomes a negative resource where employing a constraint restricting the delivery of the non-resource is effectively the same as employing a mechanism that provides for the delivery of the resource and applying a release is effectively the same as providing a constraint on delivery of the resource. 
     The invention is expandable and contemplates wide and varied application across multiple fields many of which are yet to be introduced or fully developed. As such, the method of the invention consists of the computational framework described above wherein multiple and varied methods for the identification, assignment, computation, selection, categorization, and ordering of constraints, impacts, and release mechanisms separate and distinct from the invention may be designed for and/or employed by the invention as a means to producing its results. The generation of results as a result of interaction between the invention and other methods may be incorporated into the invention by direct contribution from the other methods or through intermediate means including the “lookup” of results or manual input of results. This is consistent with the invention&#39;s claim to a unique extension of the art as a generally applicable method for the utilization of impact results in the context of an extensible network environment as a generally applicable decision-making methodology. 
     As a means to facilitate interaction between various methods and the invention and between methods, the invention incorporates a common table of values wherein values can be dynamically updated by the invention and other methods. 
     As an additional means to facilitate interaction between various methods and the invention and between methods, the invention also provides for the interaction with external models operable to calculate delivery system and resource properties for the purpose of assembling solutions by coordinating and directing an external model along with the execution and calculation of impact calculation and release methods. 
     Finally, the invention includes a graphical user interface more generally applicable to the embodiment of the invention as applies to the field of water resources. The interface includes a number of features that reflect and complement the utility of the invention. Such features are more specifically described in the detailed description of the invention to follow. 
     The usefulness of the invention as a practical method for setting a course of action for securing access to critical supplies in an environment of scarce resources is readily apparent. Likewise, the various applications of this methodology as a general problem-solving method for producing a plan for increasing the supply of limited resources to meet demands is readily apparent and those skilled in the art will be able to make various modifications to the described embodiments of the invention to address similar applications in other fields. 
     Though the forgoing description favors a description of the application of the invention against a natural resource, the invention is similarly applied to any field where access to a resource is needed whether it is telecommunications bandwidth, political exposure, public funding, perceived qualities, etc. It is intended that any systematic and methodical application of the procedures provided by way of example through the various described embodiments shall fall within the scope of the invention. This shall include any method or procedure wherein constraints are assigned, released and those releases subsequently ordered into a course of action or series of steps. 
    
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
       Preferred embodiments of the invention are described below with reference to the following accompanying drawings. 
       The following illustrations of the invention will serve to illustrate its form and function and, in conjunction with the foregoing description and claims, provide a full understanding of the principles and application of the invention. 
         FIG. 1  is an illustration of the resource, the subject of the operation of the invention. 
         FIG. 2  is an illustration of the conceptual basis of the invention. 
         FIG. 3  is an illustration of a delivery system for the resource. 
         FIG. 4  is system level simplified block diagram of the invention showing a decision-making and/or control method for securing access to critical supplies. 
         FIG. 5  is a symbolic representation of a network and illustrates the sub-processes of the constraint application method wherein constraint are applied to one constraint as an example. 
         FIG. 6  illustrates the sub-processes of the general calculation method assignment processes  130 ,  230 , and  330 . 
         FIG. 7  illustrates results of the operation of the invention through process  100 . 
         FIG. 8  is a symbolic representation of a network and illustrates the sub-processes of the release application process  200  wherein constraint releases are applied to one constraint as an example. 
         FIG. 9  illustrates results of the operation of the invention through process  200 . 
         FIG. 10  illustrates the sub-processes of the generate sort parameters process  300 . 
         FIG. 11  illustrates results of the operation of the invention through process  300 . 
         FIG. 12  illustrates the sub-processes of the prescriptive plan assembly process  400 . 
         FIG. 13  illustrates results of the operation of the invention through process  410 . 
         FIG. 14  illustrates results of the operation of the invention through process  420 . 
         FIG. 15  illustrates the application of constraints on releases. 
         FIG. 16  illustrates the results of applying constraints on releases. 
         FIG. 17  illustrates the operation of the invention over a plurality of time steps. 
         FIG. 18  illustrates results of the operation of the invention applied over two time steps. 
         FIG. 19  illustrates the recursive application of the invention to release constraints. 
         FIG. 20  illustrates a particular recursive application of process  200  in recursively applying releasing constraints on releases. 
         FIG. 21  illustrates results of the recursive application of the invention to release constraints. 
         FIG. 22  illustrates the operation of the invention over a plurality of time steps operable to recursively release constraints on releases as the preferred embodiment of the invention. 
         FIG. 23  illustrates results of the invention to compile values over a plurality of time steps. 
         FIG. 24  illustrates the operation of the invention with a common table of values and methods external to the invention. 
         FIG. 25  illustrates the operation of the invention interacting with a model external to the invention operable to calculate delivery system properties. 
         FIG. 26  illustrates the group of methods used by the invention to identify, select, and associate. 
         FIG. 27  illustrates the group of ordered values and the data ordering operations of the invention. 
         FIG. 28 . shows the group of calculation methods used by the invention. 
         FIG. 29 . shows the group of calculation results produced by the calculation methods during the operation of the invention. 
         FIG. 30 . shows the group of factors that can be used to calculate sort parameters. 
         FIG. 31  illustrates the conversion of the main resource to alternate metrics. 
         FIG. 32  shows a flow chart describing a method of repeated operation of the invention across multiple resources and multiple parties as a means to optimize deliveries and cooperative management. 
         FIG. 33  shows a flow chart describing an alternate method of repeated operation of the invention across multiple resources and multiple parties as a means to optimize deliveries and cooperative management. 
         FIG. 34  illustrates the ability to use external elements, methods and components within the invention  4000  and the ability to interact with external users. 
         FIG. 35  shows a screen for displaying a delivery system in an embodiment of the graphical user interface. 
         FIG. 36  illustrates the general organization of the inventions elements in one embodiment that would be appropriately applied to physical resources. 
         FIG. 37  shows a computer screen for presenting the impacts associated with constraints. 
         FIG. 38  shows a computer screen for presenting the candidate releases for releasing each constraint. 
         FIG. 39  shows a computer screen for presenting a set of steps for securing access to the limited resource. 
         FIG. 40  shows a distributed form of a delivery system operable by the invention. 
         FIG. 41  shows an apparatus operable to execute the methods of the invention. 
     
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
     This disclosure of the invention is submitted in furtherance of the constitutional purposes of the U.S. Patent Laws “to promote the progress of science and useful arts” (Article 1, Section 8). 
     Referring to  FIG. 1 , an illustration of a resource, the subject of the operation of the invention, having a magnitude and capable of being displaced from one point to another. In the preferred embodiment, the displacement of the resource occurs as a flow from one point to another over a period of time wherein the resultant quantity of the resource displaced is the total flow displaced over the period of time. 
     Referring to  FIG. 2 , an illustration of the conceptual basis for the operation of the invention wherein delivery of a resource from one point to another point is restricted by a supply constraint wherein the available supply is decreased by some constraint impact. Similarly, the demand for a resource is restricted by a demand constraint thereby limiting the demand by some constraint impact. The illustration also shows the operation of supply releases upon the supply constraints and demand releases on the demand constraints by means of diagonal arrows indicating the increase or decrease in the magnitude of the constraint impacts wherein the impact of the supply constraint is decreased to yield an increase in available supply and wherein the impact of the demand constraint is increased to yield a decrease in demand for the resource. The operation of the invention is to provide a plan for applying releases to ensure that available supply is at least equal to the demand for the resource where the supply and the demand for the resource may vary over time. 
     Still referring to  FIG. 2 , the dashed lines identified as the “Unquantified Supply” illustrate that the invention may also be operated against a supply that is not quantified or that is considered infinite as long as the initial released supply can be quantified. Similarly, the dashed lines identified as “Unquantified Demand” illustrate that the invention may also be operated against a demand that is not quantified or considered infinite as long as the initial released demand can be quantified. 
     Now referring to  FIG. 3 , a close-up view of a representation of a delivery system  500 , hereinafter referred to as a “delivery system” wherein is depicted a plurality of points  503  connected by a plurality of paths  504  for displacement of the resource wherein is also depicted a resource  501  at one point displaced to a second point and illustrated as resource  502 . 
     Referring to  FIG. 4 , a constraint-driven method for formulating a plan to secure access to limited resources over a delivery system is shown in its preferred embodiment including four main processes operating on a representation of a delivery system, storing values commonly accessible by other methods outside the invention, and an interface. Process  100  applies constraints to delivery system  500  and calculates the impacts of the constraints including the reduction in supply where constraint impacts can be changes in other intrinsic values related to the constraint including the incidence of the constraint&#39;s bounding action on the supply of the limited resource. Process  200  applies releases operable to reduce the impacts of constraints on the supply. Process  300  generates a parameter from values associated with the releases applied in Process  200 . Process  400  generates a series of steps based on parameters derived from the operation of the release mechanisms. All four processes interactively access and update values held in one or more data records  600  during their operation. Throughout these processes, results are displayed with some opportunity for modification through the interface, Element  700 . 
     Still referring to  FIG. 4  where processes  100 ,  200 ,  300 , and  400  are present in the preferred embodiment, process  100  may be implemented as a method apart from processes  200 ,  300 , and  400  operable to apply constraints; process  100  and process  200  collectively may be implemented as a method apart from methods  300  and  400  operable to apply constraints and releases; processes  100 ,  200 , and  300  may be implemented as a method apart from method  400  operable to apply constraints, apply restraints, and generate sort parameters; all preceding combinations may be implemented as embodiments of the invention by other methods. 
     Still referring to  FIG. 4 , the sub-processes of process  100  are illustrated in  FIG. 5  as sub-processes  110  though  150 ; the sub-processes of process  200  are illustrated in  FIG. 8  as sub-processes  210  through  250 ; the sub-processes of process  300  are illustrated in  FIG. 10  as sub-processes  310  through  350 ; and the sub-processes of process  400  are illustrated in  FIG. 12 . The details of the operation of these sub-processes are described in the descriptions of  FIG. 5 , FIG.,  FIG. 10 , and  FIG. 12  as well as elsewhere. Furthermore, the sub-processes of each process may be inter-dispersed with the sub-processes of other processes where such inter-dispersion preserves the relative order of operation of the sub-processes of any process. Furthermore, in cases where the order of a sub-process is not essential in preserving the integrity of the invention, the orders of such sub-processes may be altered. 
     Referring now to  FIG. 5 , a close-up view of delivery system  500  is shown for the purposes of illustration along with elements of the interaction of process  100 . Supply system elements  510  are shown on the network as locations where supplies are introduced into the delivery system wherein supplies are the released supplies of initial quantified or unquantified supplies. Constraints  520  indicate point-location constraints where supplies are restricted in their flow through the delivery system. Constraint  530  is an example of a constraint applied over a region of the delivery system. Constraint  540  is an example of a constraint applied to a path between nodes of the network wherein the action of the constraint varies over the length of the path in some fashion. Constraint  550  represents a constraint applying to the whole of the delivery system. Constraints  560  represent constraints operable to bound the supply of resource(s) by bounding the use of at least one release method whose operations are not effective in meeting at least one condition. In the preferred embodiment these are a set of conditions that must be met by the collective application of at least one release in order for the plurality of releases to be applied. Constraints  570  represent demands, wherein initial demands are the released demands of initial quantified or unquantified demands. 
     Still referring to  FIG. 5 , sub-processes of process  100  are shown in their operation and application against a single constraint within the delivery system wherein process  100  starts with process  110  identifying a group of candidate constraints that may be operative to bound the supply of limited resources in the system; process  120  is operative to select a sub-group of candidate constraints identified in process  110  for association with elements of the delivery system in process  140 . Methods for calculating the impacts of the constraints are identified selected and then associated with the constraints with which they are operable to determine impact values in sub-process  130 . The sub-processes of process  130  are more clearly described in  FIG. 6 . Though shown in the order of its preferred embodiment, process  130  may performed any time after process  110  and before process  150 . Process  150  is operable to determine the quantity bounded by the constraints as well as other constraint impact values wherein process  150  commonly interacts with the delivery system to set values and observe results in a continuing method until the determination is made. Process  100  is ultimately operable against all constraints associated with the delivery system where such evaluation is coordinated by sub-process  150 . 
     Still referring to  FIG. 5 , the operation of sub-process  140  is shown associating a constraint with an element of the delivery system and the operation of sub-process  150  is shown calculating the impact values associated with the same constraint. In other embodiments of the invention, the methods of processes  110 ,  120 , and  130  similarly access and operate on the elements of the delivery system. 
     Now referring to  FIG. 6  the general method of assigning calculation methods common to processes  130 ,  230 , and  330  is illustrated, wherein process  30  is initiated with sub-process  31  identifying a group of calculation methods operable to calculate values for the process  100 ,  200 , or  300 , process  32  selecting calculation methods to be associated with methods of the calling sub-process, and process  33  associating the calculation methods with the methods of the calling process  100 ,  200 , or  300 . 
     Now referring to  FIG. 7 , an illustration of two representations of the results of the operation of the invention through process  100  wherein each representation shows an enumerated group of constraints categorized by a type of constraint followed by an impact value generally displaying the amount of the limited resource bounded by the constraint. Table  910  illustrates the general method of displaying impacts herein illustrated with bounded quantities for the preferred embodiment where the values for supplies and demands are expressed as the result of the bounding influence of the constraint imposed upon the supply or demand. Parentheses are used in table  910  to indicate supplies or demands that cannot be quantified where other notation and methods of differentiating these values are within the scope of this invention. 
     Still referring to  FIG. 7 , table  920  illustrates a display of the constraint impact values associated with the bounding of the supply of limited resources as the remaining amount of resource available due to application of the constraints in a sequential order. One skilled in the art would readily recognize that multiple constraint impact values may be calculated for each constraint and that the techniques for manipulating and presenting the values and descriptive information associated with the constraints will be dependent upon the type and scope of constraint encountered, the embodiment of the invention, and the preference of the user and that there are many techniques for displaying the impact values produced by the invention. 
     Referring now to  FIG. 8  a close-up view of a delivery system is shown for the purposes of illustration along with elements of the interaction of process  200  wherein description and operation of the delivery system and constraints is the same as described for  FIG. 8 . 
     Still referring to  FIG. 8 , the operation of sub-processes of process  200  are shown in relation to a single constraint wherein sub-process  220  is operative to select a sub-group of candidate release methods identified in process  210  for association with the plurality of constraints identified in process  100  through process  240 . For the purposes of illustration the application of a single release to a single constraint is depicted as a second concentric circle  521  around the constraint. 
     Still referring to  FIG. 8 , methods for calculating the release values of the release methods are identified, selected, and then associated with the constraints with which they are operable to determine release values in sub-process  230 . The sub-processes of process  230  are more clearly described in  FIG. 6 . Though shown in the order of its preferred embodiment, process  230  may be performed any time after process  120  and before process  250 . Process  250  is operable to determine the quantity of supply released by the release method or the quantity of demand decreased by the release method as well as other release values wherein such operations commonly interact with the delivery system and constraints to set values and observe results in a continuing method until the determination is made. Process  200  is ultimately operable against all constraints associated with the delivery system where such evaluation is coordinated by sub-process  250 . One skilled in the art would readily recognize that the techniques for calculating release values will be dependent upon the type and scope of constraint encountered and that there are many techniques for implementing the sub-processes of process  200  which could be similarly implemented without departing from the scope of this invention. 
     Now referring to table  930  of  FIG. 9 , an illustration of one representation of the results of the operation of the invention through process  200  showing an enumerated group of constraints categorized by a type of constraint associated with a release method operable to reduce the bounding action of each constraint and displaying release values associated with each release including the amount of the limited resource bounded by the constraint released by the operation of the release on the constraint. As illustrated in table  930 , the operation of process  200  is operable to produce releases associated with more than one constraint and multiple releases associated with one constraint. One skilled in the art would readily recognize that multiple release values may be calculated for each constraint and that the techniques for manipulating and presenting the values and descriptive information associated with the releases will be dependent upon the type and scope of constraint encountered, the embodiment of the invention, and the preference of the user and that there are many techniques for displaying the release values produced by the invention. 
     Referring now to  FIG. 10 , a more detailed view of process  300  is shown with its various sub-processes. A sort parameter derivable from types of values shared by the plurality of candidate release mechanisms under consideration for the purposes of sorting the candidate release mechanisms in a preferred order is identified in process  310 ; process  320  selects at least one sort parameter to be used in sorting the releases in a preferred order; and process  340  generates the sort parameter(s) selected in step  310 . Methods for calculating the sort parameters are identified, selected, and then assigned to the sort parameters for which they are operable to determine release values in sub-process  330 . The sub-processes of process  330  are more clearly described in  FIG. 6 . Though shown in the order of its preferred embodiment, process  330  may performed any time after process  310  and before process  340 . One skilled in the art would readily recognize that there are many techniques for implementing the sub-processes of process  300  which could be similarly implemented without departing from the scope of this invention. 
     Now referring to table  940  of  FIG. 11 , an illustration of the results of the operation of the invention through process  320  wherein the sort parameter for each instance of each release has been calculated from one or more of the release values where calculation also includes selecting a single release value as the sort parameter and wherein the sort parameter is associated with the instance of the release method for which it was calculated. Note that the calculation of a release value may vary for a release method applied across more than one constraint as illustrated by the sort values associated with the multiple instances of release  15  in table  940 . One skilled in the art would readily recognize that multiple release values may be calculated for each constraint and that the techniques for manipulating and presenting the values and descriptive information associated with the releases will be dependent upon the type and scope of constraint encountered, the embodiment of the invention, and the preference of the user and that there are many techniques for displaying the release values produced by the invention. 
     Now referring to  FIG. 12 , a more detailed view of process  400  is shown with its various sub-processes. Sub-process  410  is operable to sort the plurality of releases by their associated sort parameters in a preferred order; sub-process  420  is operable to produce an ordered resultant group forming steps of a prescriptive plan for assisting in securing access to a critical supply. The operation of sub-process  420  includes selecting release methods with sort parameter values selected from the group of sort parameter values equal to the value of the optimum sort parameter value, closest to but less than the optimum sort parameter value, and closest to but greater than the optimum sort parameter value wherein the range of optimum sort values includes infinity and negative infinity. Furthermore the operation of method  420  involves applying the plurality of release methods operable to increase supply by releasing constraints on supply or by decreasing demand until demands for the limited resource are met and wherein release methods with release values completely applied are no longer selected and wherein releases associated exclusively with constraints with impacts completely released are no longer selected. 
     Now referring to  FIG. 13 , table  950  of is an illustration of the results of the operation of sub-process  410 , the release methods are sorted in the preferred embodiment in a descending order wherein an ascending order may be utilized by other embodiments of the invention. 
     Now referring to of  FIG. 14 , table  960  is an illustration of the results of the operation of sub-process  420  showing release methods are applied in the order of their sort parameters in the preferred embodiment until demands are met wherein release methods following the meeting of the demand are not included as prescriptive steps for releasing constraints. 
     Now referring to  FIG. 15 , a close-up view of a delivery system is shown for the purposes of illustration along with elements of the interaction of process  200  wherein description and operation of the delivery system and constraints is the same as described for  FIG. 8  and wherein is illustrated the further operation of the bounding the supply of the resource by bounding the use of at least one release method by a release constraint where in the preferred embodiment, the release constraint is one or more conditions that must be met if the release is to be employed. Such conditions may be, for example, a financial limitation, a general minimum state of the resource throughout the delivery system or some other condition that generally applies to all of the elements of the delivery system, or as illustrated in  FIG. 15  by element  522 , it may be a single condition applied against a single release previously illustrated in  FIG. 8  as release  521  on constraint  520 . 
     Still referring to  FIG. 15 , where in the preferred embodiment constraints on releases are a set of conditions that must be generally satisfied, constraints are applied utilizing process  100  where the identification of the constraints in process  110  is the identification of possible conditions that must be satisfied to allow use of restraint, the selection of the constraint in process  120  is the selection of those conditions that will apply to one or more elements of the delivery system, the assignment of calculation methods in process  130  is the assignment of methods operable to calculate the results required to assess whether the conditions are met, the association of constraints in process  140  is the association of the conditions comprising the constraint to one or more elements of the delivery system where constraints without a direct association with any specific element of the delivery system are applied to the delivery system as a whole, and the calculation of impact values in process  150  is the calculation of those results required to assess whether the conditions are met. 
     Now referring to  FIG. 16 , table  970  is an illustration of the results of the operation of sub-process  420  processing constraints bounding the use of at least one release method whose operations are not effective in meeting at least one condition wherein these conditions are now applied against the results of the operation illustrated in table  860  where, for the purposes of this illustration, individual releases are constrained to be operable over the date July 31 and must also have at least an 85% probability with the total cost of all release methods used not to exceed 680 cost units. Absent any further release of the total cost constraint, the total cost for all of the releases would exceed 680 cost units and only those whose sum did not exceed this amount could be considered for use in the prescriptive plan. One skilled in the art would readily recognize that there are many techniques for implementing the sub-processes of process  420  which could be similarly implemented without departing from the scope of this invention. 
     Now referring to  FIG. 17 , illustrating the operation of the invention wherein the invention is operable over a plurality of time steps and wherein the application of release methods in previous time steps can modify the constraint impacts prior to the operation of the invention over subsequent time steps and wherein the release values calculated and associated in previous steps are not operable to modify the impacts of constraints prior to the operation of the invention over successive time steps and wherein operation of processes in earlier time steps operable without modification in subsequent steps are not repeated in subsequent time steps. 
     Now referring  FIG. 18 , where table  980  of an illustration shows the results of the operation of the invention through sub-process  420  over two time steps where the effective start and end dates of the release methods must span the date of the time step; where probability must be at least 85%; and where the total cost for all constraints must be less than 850 cost units. Table  880  illustrates how the release method for constraint number 6 was not used in the first time step since it did not satisfy the constraints on release methods. Similarly, if the total cost of the release methods used in either plan exceeded 680 cost units, the plan would not be accepted without further releasing constraints on the release. One skilled in the art would readily recognize that there are many techniques for implementing the sub-processes of process  420  over multiple time steps which could be similarly implemented without departing from the scope of this invention. 
     Now referring to  FIG. 19 , the operation of the invention is illustrated wherein the invention is operable to call itself in a recursive fashion wherein operation of processes in earlier recursions operable without modification in subsequent recursions is not repeated in subsequent recursions of the method. In the preferred embodiment, constraint assignments of process  100  are inherited from the originating time step for the recursion and not repeated thereafter. 
     Still referring to  FIG. 19 , in the preferred embodiment, the recursive application of the invention is applied interactively by the user or the invention against constraints on releases wherein releases on the constraints are applied in process  200 , sort parameters are generated in process  300  and a plan for releasing the constraint is assembled in process  400 . If releases on the current iteration of releases are still constrained, the invention may further recurse to identify releases to release the previous level of constrained releases. 
     Now referring to  FIG. 20 , a close-up view of a delivery system is shown for the purposes of illustration along with elements of the interaction of process  200  applied in a recursive fashion to release a constraint on a release wherein description and operation of the delivery system and constraints is the same as described for  FIG. 15 . As illustrated in  FIG. 20 , element  523  is the release on the constraint  522  on the release  521  for constraint  520 . In the preferred embodiment, releases are applied utilizing process  200  where process  210  is the identification of methods to release constraints on releases where the release constraint is one or more conditions that must be met if the release is to be employed. Process  220  is the selection of those releases operable to release the constraints on releases. Process  230  assigns calculation methods operable to calculate the results required to assess whether the conditions are met. Process  240  associates releases to the constraint. Process  250  calculates results required to assess whether the conditions are met. As illustrated in  FIG. 19  processes  300  and  400  are operated following the operation of process  200 . 
     Now referring to  FIG. 21 , an illustration showing a table  990  of results of the recursive operation of the invention through sub-process  420  similar to the operation illustrated with table  980  of  FIG. 18  except that the total cost constraint on all releases has been reduced to 665 cost units. Table  990  illustrates the result of the recursive operation of the invention in applying a release to one of the releases to release the total cost constraint. One skilled in the art would readily recognize that there are many techniques for implementing recursion of the invention which could be similarly implemented without departing from the scope of this invention. 
     Now referring to  FIG. 22  showing the preferred embodiment of the invention illustrating 1) the dispersion of sub-processes within sub-processes of other processes, 2) the operation of the invention over a plurality of time steps, and 3) a recursive program call to release constraints on release methods. One skilled in the art would readily recognize that there are many techniques for implementing the invention in addition to the embodiment here which could be similarly implemented without departing from the scope of this invention. 
     Now referring to  FIG. 23 , table  995  illustrates the operation of the invention wherein the invention is operable to compile values associated with the delivery system over multiple time steps as illustrated by the compilation of daily constraint impact values on a monthly and then an annual basis. 
     Still referring to  FIG. 23 , table  995  illustrates the annual compilation of release values as applied against supply and demand constraints followed by a net value indicating how much of the release quantity exceeds or does not meet the demand. 
     Now referring to  FIG. 24  illustrating the elements of the invention previously described in  FIG. 4  and a delivery system  500  and illustrating the operation of the invention in reading and recording descriptive information relevant to the operation of the invention in a common table  620  that is readily accessible by internal and external methods, In particular, in it&#39;s preferred embodiment the invention is operable to interact with other methods by recording and accessing constraint impact values, release values, sort values and other values intrinsic to its operation on a common table of values that can be similarly accessed by other methods. 
     Now referring to  FIG. 25  illustrating the operation of the invention in its preferred embodiment monitoring, modifying, and operating a representation of a delivery system  580  operable to calculate delivery system and resource properties for the purposes of calculating values needed to apply processes  100  and  200  of the invention. In particular, in its preferred embodiment the invention is operable to interact with other methods by recording constraint impact values, release values, sort values and other values intrinsic to its operation on a common table of values  620  that can be similarly accessed and updated by other methods. 
     Now referring to  FIG. 26  illustrating the group of methods  810  used by the invention to identify, select and associate methods intrinsic to the invention during operation of the invention wherein such methods may be obtained by means of a communication mediums utilizing electromagnetic waves, the internet, the World Wide Web, file transfer protocols and any other telecommunications mediums capable of transmitting the data describing the release mechanisms and its related information. 
     Now referring to  FIG. 27 , the operations used by the invention to order the values and results used and reported by the invention are illustrated wherein resultant groups of the processes may in turn be filtered by process  821 , sorted by process  822 , and grouped by process  823  wherein the resultant groups can be in turn further ordered by the same process. 
     Now referring to  FIG. 28 , the group of calculation methods  830  used by the processes of the invention to perform calculations is illustrated wherein calculation methods may be obtained by means of a communication medium utilizing electromagnetic waves, the internet, the World Wide Web, file transfer protocols and telecommunications mediums capable of transmitting the data describing the release mechanisms and its related information. 
     Now referring to  FIG. 29 , the group of calculation results  840  the invention is operable to produce is illustrated. 
     Referring now to  FIG. 30 , the group of factors  850  used in generating sorting parameters is illustrated. 
     Now referring to  FIG. 31 , an illustration of the operation of the method for recognizing and using the resource(s) under evaluation as a “common currency” for evaluating impacts on other parameters wherein impacts and quantities of the resource(s) being evaluated are translated into quantities, alternate metrics, and units of other physical, financial, or symbolic quantities, results, or resources using a method selected from the calculation methods group depicted in  FIG. 28 . The metric transformation method  860  illustrates the translation from one resource quantity to an alternate metric and wherein the metric transformation method  870  illustrates an additional alternate metric transformation. One skilled in the art would readily recognize that the techniques for evaluating impacts on other resources will be dependent upon the type and scope of constraint encountered and that there are many techniques for implementing the translation to alternate metrics which could be similarly implemented without departing from the scope of this invention. 
     Referring now to  FIG. 32 , the flow chart describes the method of repeated operation of the invention across multiple resources and multiple parties as a means to optimize deliveries and cooperative management. The process begins with the step  1000 . The next resource under evaluation is obtained in process  2000 . The next party for which the resource will be evaluated is obtained in process  3000 . The invention is operated in process  4000  whereafter, if process  5000  determines there are remaining parties to evaluate, the next party is obtained and the process repeated starting with process  3000  until there are no more parties, whereafter if process  6000  determines there are remaining resources to evaluate, the whole process is repeated starting with process  2000  until there are no more resources to evaluate after which the evaluation terminates at step  8000 . Throughout the evaluation, optional optimization process  7000  interacts with processes  2000 ,  3000 , and  4000  to adjust values, parties, and resources as well as redirect the execution of steps to optimize the delivery and allocation of the resources across all parties. In particular, optional process  7000  may interact to access and update values on the common table of values  620  as depicted in  FIG. 24  and elsewhere. One skilled in the art would readily recognize that there are many techniques for implementing process  7000  as well as its interaction with a common table of values which could be similarly implemented without departing from the scope of this invention. 
     Now referring to  FIG. 33 , the flow chart identifies an identical representation of the flow chart illustrated in  FIG. 32  except that the order of process  2000  and process  3000  and the order of process  5000  and process  6000  have been reversed to illustrate the operation of the invention wherein all resources are evaluated for each party before beginning evaluation of the next party. With the exception of this change, all other operations described for  FIG. 3  are similarly applied to this figure. 
     Now referring again to  FIG. 1 , wherein the illustrated resource having a magnitude and displaceable through two points is a “negative resource” wherein the resource is defined as such and the methods previously described are applied are employed without modification except for constraints assigned must be operable to constrain the negative resource and releases assigned must be operable to release the negative resource. Alternatively, the methods previously described may be employed substituting releases for constraints and constraints for releases in the operation of the invention. 
     Now referring to  FIG. 34 , an illustration showing how the invention and elements of the invention may access and be externally accessed and utilized by means of a communication medium utilizing electromagnetic waves, the internet, the World Wide Web, file transfer protocols and telecommunications mediums capable of transmitting the data describing the elements of the invention  4000 . 
     Now referring to  FIG. 35 , a particular embodiment of interface  700  as relates to water resources wherein standard features available for implementation on all screens comprising the graphical user interface is shown. Standard elements include a dock-able and/or hide-able header bar and/or region displaying information and manipulation methods associated with any program structure within which the invention resides called out in the illustration as element  710 ; a dock-able and/or hide-able display region and/or bar for showing and creating multiple scenarios called out in the illustration as element  720 ; a dock-able and/or hide-able main function bar and/or region displaying information and methods associated with the main function and methods of the invention called out in the illustration as element  730  that provides a display of information and methods that are organized into one or more of the following functional categories and sub-categories selected from  FIG. 36 ; a dock-able and/or hide-able network display region and/or bar wherein the elements and information associated within the invention are represented such that the corresponding features can be shown or hidden by toggling the associated element on the bar on or off and called out in the illustration as element  740 ; and a utility bar and/or region associated with miscellaneous and associated functions of the invention not incorporated into the other elements of the interface called out in the illustration as element  750 . 
     Still referring to  FIG. 35 , a screen within a particular embodiment of interface  700  is illustrated showing a network display  760  presenting the lines, nodes and other features that make up the delivery system including. the features, constraints, impacts and releases associated with the network; a navigation control  761  that allows scrolling, panning and zooming the network display  760 ; and an analyses display region and/or pane  762  for displaying information and results associated with analyses performed in conjunction and/or as a part off the functions of the invention. 
     Now referring to  FIG. 36  wherein a particular embodiment of the water resources embodiment of the interface provides for a specific organization of the elements  735  on the main function bar of the interface wherein the terms used are generally descriptive of the functions and the order described by the illustration is preferred but not necessary and wherein some categories may not be included depending upon the embodiment of the invention. 
     Now referring to  FIG. 37 , a screen  770  within a particular embodiment of the interface presenting the impacts of the constraints and organized by constraint category with impact detail presented for each constraint. 
     Now referring to  FIG. 38 , a screen  780  within a particular embodiment of the interface presenting the constraints, constraint impacts and the associated releases along with associated information and organized by category of constraint is illustrated. 
     Now referring to  FIG. 39 , a screen  790  within a particular embodiment of the interface as relates to water resources presenting an ordered sequence of steps, the selected releases for each constraint and other information associated with the action of the release upon the constraint and resource delivery is illustrated. 
     Now referring to  FIG. 40 , a symbolic representation of varying configurations of the delivery system upon which the invention is operable where delivery system  500 A represents a delivery system forming a part of the invention in which the delivery system resides; delivery system  500 B represents the a delivery system forming a part of an invention in which the invention resides; delivery system  500 C represents a copy of a network representing the delivery system residing outside the invention; and delivery systems  500 D and  500 E represent one or more independent or interdependent networks resident in different physical or virtual locations wherein the plurality of networks represent the delivery system wherein said networks reside within or without the invention and wherein dispersed portions of the network model are dynamically connected or maintained and/or stored in continuity by means of a communication medium utilizing electromagnetic waves, the internet, the World Wide Web, file transfer protocols and telecommunication mediums capable of transmitting the data describing delivery system elements and its related information. 
     Now referring to  FIG. 41 , a decision-making apparatus  9000  operable to operate the invention comprising a computer system with a processor  9100  for interpreting instructions  9300  programmed in computer readable code and stored in memory  9200 , the means for executing the invention, wherein the apparatus includes a user interface  9400 , and network interface  9500  for interaction with network participants  9600  and in instances where said apparatus is dynamically controlling a physical delivery system, a delivery network control system  9700  and a set of system controls  9800  operable by the apparatus. 
     In compliance with the statute, the invention has been described in language more or less specific as to structural and methodical features. It is to be understood, however, that the invention is not limited to the specific features shown and described, since the means herein disclosed comprise preferred forms of putting the invention into effect. The invention is, therefore, claimed in any of its forms or modifications within the proper scope of the appended claims appropriately interpreted in accordance with the doctrine of equivalents.