Abstract:
An example cooling system for a computer includes a canister that holds a compressed fluid and a gas cooling device having an inlet port and a chilled gas outlet port. In addition, the cooling system includes a valve that couples between the canister and the inlet port of the gas cooling device, the valve selectively couples the compressed fluid to the inlet port. Further, the cooling system includes a pressure regulator that coupled between the canister and the inlet port of the gas cooling device, wherein the pressure regulator selectively regulates the flow rate of gas to the inlet port of the gas cooling device. Still further, the cooling system includes a chilled gas duct system that couples to the chilled gas outlet port, the chilled duct system configured to direct the chilled gas to be incident upon at least one heat generating element of the computer system.

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
       [0001]    This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/625,956 filed Jan. 23, 2007, and titled “Method And System Of Cooling Components Of A Computer System,” which is hereby incorporated herein by reference in its entirety for all purposes. 
     
    
     BACKGROUND 
       [0002]    Computer systems are used in a diverse array of applications, for example from simple word processing to highly complex three dimensional gaming. With respect to gaming, increased computer system performance translates to more realistic game play. Computer systems used for gaming purposes have, in most cases, high-end main processors and video graphics cards which require large cooling apparatuses. Sometimes computer systems used for gaming are modified to increase performance, such as clocking the main system processor faster than specified for the particular processor (known as “over-clocking”). 
         [0003]    In order to cool computer system components, particularly over-clocked processors, several after-market cooling systems are available, such as oversized heat sinks, high volume cooling fans, heat pipes (closed loop evaporative cooling) and water cooling systems. However, during times of peak processor utilization, additional cooling may be needed, particularly in computer systems using only cooling fans with heat sinks and/or heat pipes for cooling of computer system components. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0004]    For a detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the invention, reference will now be made to the accompanying drawings in which: 
           [0005]      FIG. 1  shows a computer system in accordance with at least some embodiments; 
           [0006]      FIG. 2  shows a fluid schematic of a cooling system in accordance with various embodiments; 
           [0007]      FIG. 3  shows a fluid schematic of a cooling system in accordance with alternative embodiments; and 
           [0008]      FIG. 4  shows a method in accordance with embodiments of the invention. 
       
    
    
     NOTATION AND NOMENCLATURE 
       [0009]    Certain terms are used throughout the following description and claims to refer to particular system components. As one skilled in the art will appreciate, computer companies may refer to a component by different names. This document does not intend to distinguish between components that differ in name but not function. 
         [0010]    In the following discussion and in the claims, the terms “including” and “comprising” are used in an open-ended fashion, and thus should be interpreted to mean “including, but not limited to . . . .” Also, the term “couple” or “couples” is intended to mean either an indirect or direct connection. Thus, if a first device couples to a second device, that connection may be through a direct connection, or through an indirect connection via other devices and connections. 
       DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
       [0011]    The following discussion is directed to various embodiments of the invention. Although one or more of these embodiments may be preferred, the embodiments disclosed should not be interpreted, or otherwise used, as limiting the scope of the disclosure. In addition, one skilled in the art will understand that the following description has broad application, and the discussion of any embodiment is meant only to be exemplary of that embodiment, and not intended to intimate that the scope of the disclosure is limited to that embodiment. 
         [0012]      FIG. 1  illustrates a computer system  100  in accordance with at least some embodiments. In particular, computer system  100  comprises a keyboard  10  and monitor  12  coupled to the various computer system components within a case or enclosure  14  (shown in perspective cutaway view). Within the enclosure  14  resides the motherboard  16  to which various heat generating components attach. For example, a processor  18 , which executes instructions and generates heat, couples to the motherboard  16 . In some embodiments the processor is the main system processor, and in alternative embodiments the processor  18  is the processor on a video graphics card. 
         [0013]    In order to help dissipate heat generated by the processor  18 , a heat sink  20  is thermally coupled to the processor  18 . In some embodiments the heat sink  20  is purely passive, conducting heat away from the processor  19  by way of metallic cooling fins. In other embodiments, the metallic cooling fins are combined with an integrally mounted cooling fan, which cooling fan forces airflow across the cooling fins. In yet still other embodiments, the heat sink  20  may be a “heat pipe” which uses a combination of conductive heat transfer and convective heat transfer (via a gas within a closed loop evaporative cooling system). 
         [0014]    Regardless of the precise nature of the heat sink  20 , during operation of the computer system  100  there may be periods of time when the processor  18  generates more heat than can be transferred away or dissipated by the heat sink  20 , such as when the processor is being over-clocked during aggressive game play. In order to provide additional cooling, and in accordance with embodiments of the invention, the computer system  100  also comprises a burst-type cooling system to aid the primary heat dissipation element for short periods of time (e.g., during critical portions of game play where processor  18  temperature rises quickly). 
         [0015]    Still referring to  FIG. 1 , the burst-type cooling system comprises a bottle or canister  22  coupled the enclosure  14 , and in this illustrative case the canister  22  coupled to an exterior portion of the enclosure  14 . In alternative embodiments the canister may reside within the enclosure  14 . The contents of the canister  22 , being a compressed fluid, are selectively fluidly coupled to a gas cooling device  24 . The gas cooling device  24  is illustratively shown to couple within the enclosure  14 , but in alternative embodiments resides external of the enclosure  14 . In yet still further embodiments, the gas cooling device  14  may be integral with the canister  22 . As the name implies the gas cooling device  24 , by one of various mechanism described below, creates chilled gas. The chilled gas created by the gas cooling device  24  is directed upon the heat generating component which needs additional cooling. For example, a duct system  26  may convey chilled air from a chilled air outlet to the illustrative processor  18  and/or heat sink  20 . 
         [0016]      FIG. 2  illustrates a fluid schematic of the burst-type cooling system  30  in accordance with at least some embodiments. In particular, the burst type cooling system  30  comprises the canister  22  whose compressed fluid contents are selectively fluidly coupled to the gas cooling device  24 , here being an illustrative Ranque-Hilsh vortex tube (hereinafter just vortex tube). For a vortex tube, the compressed fluid enters tangentially into a swirl chamber creating a gas swirl at high speed. Cooling takes place in a vortex tube by the splitting of the gas that enters into two streams, with a first stream transferring kinetic energy to a second stream, resulting in separate hot and chilled gas streams. The chilled gas stream exits the vortex cooler  32  by way of a chilled air outlet  34 . Vortex tubes are readily available, such as from AirTX International of Cincinnati, Ohio. 
         [0017]    Still referring to  FIG. 2 , the chilled gas exiting the chilled gas outlet  34  is directed upon one or more heat generating components. In some embodiments, the vortex tube  32  is positioned proximate to the heat generating component, and thus the chilled gas is directed to the heat generating component by the vortex tube itself. Other embodiments use a duct system  36  to convey the chilled gas to the heat generating component, and in some cases divide the chilled gas between a plurality of heat generating components. 
         [0018]    In embodiments where the vortex tube  32  itself directs the chilled gas on the heat generating components, the vortex tube  32  is mounted at least partially within the enclosure  14  ( FIG. 1 ). In the embodiments where the vortex tube  32  is mounted at least partially within enclosure, the hot gas outlet may protrude from the enclosure, or the hot gas may be released external of the enclosure  14  by way of a duct system. In embodiments where the chilled gas of the vortex tube  32  is conveyed by way of duct system  36 , the vortex tube  32  may be at any suitable location internal or external of the enclosure  14 . 
         [0019]    With respect to embodiments where the gas cooling device  24  is a vortex tube  32 , the compressed fluid in the canister may take many forms. In some embodiments using a vortex tube  32  the compressed fluid is compressed air. In other embodiments using a vortex tube  32  the compressed fluid is carbon dioxide, which in compressed form may be liquid. However, any suitable compressed fluid which experiences cooling in a vortex tube may be equivalently used. Moreover, compressed fluids that leave little or no residue, are non-flammable and non-conductive provide better performance and safety. 
         [0020]    Still referring to  FIG. 2 , in order to control the selective coupling of the compressed fluid in the canister  22  to the gas cooling device  24 , a valve  38  is used. In some embodiments, selective coupling of the compressed fluid in the canister  22  may be accomplished manually by the user monitoring a temperature of interest. Referring briefly to  FIG. 1 , the motherboard manufacturer, or the enclosure manufacture, may provide a temperature sensitive element  28  (e.g., thermocouple or resistive thermal device (RTD)) which is placed proximate to the heat generating component. The temperature sensed by the temperature sensitive element may be displayed via software mechanisms on the monitor  12 , or may be displayed on a front panel display  29 . Regardless of the precise mechanism by which the user determines the temperature of interest, when the temperature reaches a predetermined threshold, the user may trigger flow of compressed fluid from the canister  22  to the cooling device  24 , such as by manually triggering the valve  38 . 
         [0021]    In alternative embodiments, the valve  38  is a solenoid operated valve controlled by software executing in the computer system. In particular, in the embodiments shown in  FIG. 1 , the temperature sensitive element  28  is electrically coupled to the motherboard  16 , and thus the processor  18 . A program executing on a processor of the computer system monitors the temperature, and when the temperature meets or exceeds a predetermined threshold, the software triggers a output signal (e.g., from a general purpose output port of bridge device), which in turn actuates the solenoid of valve  38 . 
         [0022]    The pressure of the compressed fluid in the canister  22  may vary, not only by the type of compressed fluid, but also by the amount of compressed fluid remaining in the canister  22 . In some embodiments the flow of compressed fluid from the canister to the gas cooling device  24  is not controlled (other than in an on/off sense). Thus, when canister pressure is high, more compressed fluid may flow than when the canister is almost empty. In alternative embodiments, flow of the compressed fluid from the canister  22  to the gas cooling device  24  is controlled, such as a by a pressure regulator  42 . The pressure regulator  42  controls pressure downstream of the regulator to a setpoint pressure, and as such the flow of gas through the gas cooling device  24  is somewhat independent of the pressure of compressed fluid in the canister  22 . 
         [0023]      FIG. 3  illustrates embodiments of an alternative burst-type cooling system  50  using a gas expansion orifice  52  (shown in elevational cross-sectional form) as the gas cooling device  24 . In particular, the illustrative burst-type cooling system  50  comprises an integral canister and pressure regulator  54 . In some embodiments, the pressure regulator and canister are selectively separable, and in other embodiments the regulator is permanently affixed to the canister. While the integral canister and pressure regulator  54  are illustrated with respect to the gas expansion orifice embodiments, the integral canister and pressure regulator may be equivalently used with the vortex tube embodiments. 
         [0024]    The compressed fluid within the canister is selectively fluidly coupled to the gas expansion orifice  52  by way of a valve, in these embodiments the valve illustrated as a solenoid operated valve  56 . Providing power to the solenoid to trigger compressed fluid flow may be accomplished either manually by the user monitoring a temperature, or electronically by software monitoring a temperature. Compressed fluid flow through the valve  56  (and possibly regulated by the pressure regulator) enters the gas cooling device  24  here being an illustrative gas expansion orifice  52 . In particular, the compressed fluid passes through nozzle or orifice, and as the compressed fluid so passes the pressure drops and gas expands. The simultaneous expansion and pressure drop causes a corresponding drop in temperature. Thus the compressed fluid is cooled by the expansion orifice to create a chilled gas stream, which chilled gas is directed upon the heat generating components by either directly positioning of the gas expansion orifice  52 , or by way of a duct system. 
         [0025]    In embodiments using a gas expansion orifice  52 , the compressed fluid may be any fluid that experiences appreciable cooling when expanded through an orifice. In some embodiments, the compressed fluid may be tetraflourethane, which may be the primary ingredient in “canned air” used to clean computer components such as keyboards. In alternative embodiments, the compressed fluid may be air, carbon dioxide or nitrogen. The gas expansion orifice may be placed within the enclosure  14  ( FIG. 1 ) of the computer system  100 , or outside the enclosure  14  with the chilled gas directed to the heat generating components by way of a duct system. 
         [0026]    In alternative embodiments, the gas expansion orifice  52  may be integral with the canister, and indeed flow of the compressed fluid out of the canister to the attached, lower-pressure tubing (with or without an pressure regulator) may be a sufficient expansion “orifice” to generated desired cooling, particularly in the case of tetraflouroethane as the compressed fluid. 
         [0027]      FIG. 4  illustrates a method in accordance with at least some embodiments. In particular, the method starts (block  400 ) and proceeds to operating a heat generating component of a computer system (block  404 ). The heat generating component may take many forms. In some embodiments, the heat generating component is a main processor of the computer system (e.g., the processor coupled to a heat sink). In other embodiments, the processor is a graphics processor on a graphics card. 
         [0028]    Regardless of the precise nature of the heat generating component, the temperature of the heat generating component is monitored (block  408 ). In some embodiments, the user monitors the temperature, such as by observing a front-panel temperature display or monitoring a temperature displayed graphically on a monitor of the computer system. In other embodiments, the user may be unaware of the monitored temperature, and rather software executing on a processor of the computer system is tasked with monitoring the temperature of the heat generating component. When the monitored temperature reaches a predetermined threshold, a burst of chilled gas is applied directly or indirectly to the heat generating component (block  412 ) and the process ends (block  416 ). The burst of chilled gas aids in cooling the heat generating element.