Abstract:
Disclosed is a hexitol derivative represented by the formula (I): ##STR1## wherein Q represents a formula selected from the group consisting of ##STR2## wherein a represents NH, O or S; 
     each of b, c and d independently represents CH or N; 
     each of R 1 , R 2 , R 3  and R 4  independently represents hydrogen, lower alkyl, trifluoromethyl, aryl, lower alkanoyloxy, amino, lower alkylamino, lower alkanoylamino, lower alkanoyl, aroyl, halogen, nitro, (CH 2 ) m  OR.sup. 7, (CH 2 ) m  SR 7 , (CH 2 ) m  CO 2  R 7  where R 7  represents hydrogen or lower alkyl and m represents an integer of 0 to 3; 
     each of R 5  and R 6  independently represents hydrogen or lower alkyl; 
     U represents &gt;N-- or ##STR3## W represents a single bond, --O-- or --S--; X represents ##STR4## wherein each of Y 1  and Y 2  independently represents hydrogen, lower alkyl, hydroxyl, lower alkanoyloxy, nitrile or phenyl; or Y 1  and Y 2  are combined together to form oxygen; 
     each of Y 3  and Y 4  independently represents hydrogen or lower alkyl; and l is an integer of 0 to 6, and where l is an integer of 2 to 6, each ##STR5##  may be the same or different; Z represents hydrogen or nitro; and, n is 2 or 3 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. The compounds show prominent coronary vasodilative activities, and are useful in treating angina pectoris and myocardial infarction.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention relates to novel deoxy-1.4;3.6-dianhydrohexitols and nitric acid esters thereof having a vasodilative activity. 
     Organic nitrates, for example, nitroglycerine, have been clinically used for angina pectoris in sublingual administration, and it has not orally been administered. Hence, nitroglycerine was useless for preventive therapy for attacks of angina pectoris and the administration of nitroglycerine was limited to emergency care on attacks of angina pectoris. 
     On the other hand, it has been known that hexitol derivatives, e.g., isosorbide dinitrate are useful in preventing or relieving accute anginal attacks [The Merck Index. 10th edition, page 751 (1983)]. Nevertheless, therapeutic effects of isosorbide dinitrate for angina pectoris or coronary deficiency were not enough in view of the pharmacological activities and side effects such as headache, vomiting, etc. On industrial viewpoint, both organic nitrate and isosorbide dinitrate should be prepared and handled under strict regulation for prevention of disasters. 
     As an improved hexitol derivative, 5-(4-methylpiperazino)-5-deoxy-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitrate having a vasodilative activity was developed and disclosed in Japanese Published Unexamined Patent Application No. 58686/82 [U.S. Pat. No. 4,363,805 and EP-A No. 44940]. 
     However, novel hexitol derivatives are desired for improvement in pharmacological activities and water solubility, as a medicine for angina pectoris. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     An object of the present invention is to provide novel hexitol derivatives, based on the finding that substituted piperazino- or substituted homopiperazino-1.4;3.6-dianhydrohexitol and nitric acid esters thereof show prominent coronary vasodilative activities, and are useful for oral administration. The compounds are useful in treating angina pectoris and myocardial infarction. 
     In accordance with the present invention, there are provided an hexitol derivative represented by the formula (I); ##STR6## wherein: Q represents a formula selected from the group consisting of: ##STR7## wherein a represents NH, O or S; 
     each of b, c and d independently represents CH or N; 
     each of R 1 , R 2 , R 3  and R 4  independently represents hydrogen, lower alkyl, trifluoromethyl, aryl, lower alkanoyloxy, amino, lower alkylamino, lower alkanoylamino, lower alkanoyl, aroyl, halogen, nitro, (CH 2 ) m  OR 7 , (CH 2 ) m  SR 7 , (CH 2 ) m  CO 2  R 7  where R 7  represents hydrogen or lower alkyl, and m represents an integer of 0 to 3; 
     each of R 5  and R 6  independently represents hydrogen or lower alkyl; 
     U represents &gt;N--or ##STR8## W represents a single bond, --O-- or --S--; X represents ##STR9## where each of Y 1  and Y 2  independently represents hydrogen, lower alkyl, hydroxyl, lower alkanoyloxy, nitrile or phenyl; or Y 1  and Y 2  are combined together to form oxygen; each of Y 3  and Y 4  independently represents hydrogen or lower alkyl; and l is an integer of 0 to 6, and where l is an integer of 2 to 6, each ##STR10##  may be the same or different; Z represents hydrogen or nitro; and 
     n is 2 or 3 [hereafter the compounds represented by formula (I) are referred to as Compound (I)] or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. 
     Compound (I) contains several asymmetrical carbons. Thus, optical isomers of compound (I) [Compound (Ia), (Ib), (Ic) and (Id)] are exemplified as follows. ##STR11## wherein Q, U, W, X, Z and n have the same significances as described above. 
     The present invention includes all possible steric isomers including these optical isomers and mixtures thereof. 
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
     In the definition of respective groups in formula (I), the lower alkyl and the alkyl moiety in the lower alkylamino mean a straight or branched alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, for example, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, neopentyl, n-hexyl, etc. The lower alkanoyl and the alkanoyl moiety in the lower alkanoyloxy and lower alkanoylamino mean a straight or branched alkanoyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, for example, formyl, acetyl, propionyl, butyryl, isobutyryl, valeryl, isovaleryl, pivaloyl, hexanoyl, etc. The aryl and the aryl moiety in the aroyl means phenyl, naphthyl, etc. The halogen includes for example, fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine. 
     The salts of Compound (I) mean pharmaceutically acceptable salts such as acid addition salts, metal salts, ammonium salts, organic amine addition salts, amino acid addition salts, etc. 
     The pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salt of Compound (I) includes an inorganic acid salt such as hydrochloride, sulfate, phosphate, etc. and an organic acid salt such as acetate, maleate, fumarate, tartarate, citrate, etc. The pharmaceutically acceptable metal salt includes an alkali metal salt such as sodium salt, potassium salt, etc.; an alkaline earth metal salt such as magnesium salt, calcium salt, etc. and other metal salt such as aluminium salt and a zinc salt, etc. The pharmaceutically acceptable organic amine addition salt includes an addition salt of morpholine, piperidine, etc. The pharmaceutically acceptable amino acid addition salt includes an addition salt of lysine, glycine, phenylalanine and the like. 
     Processes for preparing Compounds (I) are set forth below. 
     When the defined groups are changed under the conditions of the following processes or are inadequate to proceeding of the following processes, processes can be readily carried out by a usual method in the organic synthetic chemistry, for example, by protection of functional groups, elimination of protecting groups. ##STR12## wherein Q, U, W, X, Z and n have the same significances as described above; and L represents a leaving group. 
     Compound (I) is obtained by reacting Compound (IIa) with Compound (III). 
     The leaving group denoted by L includes, for example, halogen such as chlorine, bromine, iodine, etc.; alkylsulfonyloxy such as methanesulfonyloxy, etc.; arylsulfonyloxy such as phenylsulfonyloxy, p-toluenesulfonyloxy, etc.. 
     The reaction is performed in a solvent, preferably in the presence of a base. Any solvent is used so long as it is inert to the reaction. The solvent includes, for example, ethers such as tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, etc.; amides such as dimethylformamide, dimethylacetamide, etc.; ketones such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, etc.; alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, isopropyl alcohol, etc.; halogenated hydrocarbons such as methylene chloride, chloroform, dichloroethane, etc.; esters such as ethyl acetate, etc.; and dimethylsulfoxide, etc. These solvents are used alone or in combination. The base used includes, for example, alkali metal bicarbonate such as sodium bicarbonate, potassium bicarbonate, etc.; alkali metal carbonate such as sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, etc.; alkali metal hydride such as sodium hydride, etc.; alkali metal alkoxide such as sodium methoxide, sodium ethoxide, etc.; ammonium salt such as trimethyl benzyl ammonium hydroxide (Triton B), etc.; organic base such as triethylamine, pyridine, etc. The reaction temperature is in the range of 0° to 180° C., preferably from room temperature to 150° C. The reaction time varies depending upon the reaction temperature and is usually from 30 minutes to 20 hours. 
     Compound (I-1) and Compound (IIb) are represented by the following formula (I-1) and formula (IIb), respectively. ##STR13## wherein Q, U, W, Z and n have the same significances as described above, and Xa represents same significance as X except for ##STR14## wherein Q, W and X a  have the same significances as described above. Compound (I-1) is obtained by reacting Compounds (IIb) in place of Compound (IIa) with Compound (III) in the same manner as described above. 
     The starting Compounds (IIa), (IIb) and (III) are synthesized basically according to the methods described in Reference Examples. Compound (IIa) is obtained from notorious compounds or synthesized by notorious methods in J. Med. Chem., 30, 682 (1987); ibid., 30, 2216 (1987), etc. Compound (IIb) is synthesized from notorious compounds or by notorious methods in J. Med. Chem., 20, 371 (1977), etc. ##STR15## wherein Q, W, X, Z and L have the same significances as described above. 
     Compound (I-2) which is Compound (I) having a substituted piperazino group (U=&gt;N--; n=2) is also obtained by reacting Compound (IV) with Compound (V). 
     The reaction proceeds basically under the same reaction conditions described in Process 1. 
     The starting Compounds (IV) and (V) are synthesized basically according to the procedures of Reference Examples. ##STR16## wherein Q, W, X, Z and L have the same significances as described above. 
     Compound (I-2) is obtained by reacting Compound (VI) with Compound (VII). 
     The reaction proceeds basically according to the reaction conditions in Process 1. 
     The starting Compounds (VI) and (VII) are synthesized basically according to the procedures of Reference Examples. ##STR17## wherein Q, U, W, X and n have the same significances as described above. 
     Compound (I-3) and Compound (I-4) are compound (I) having hydroxyl (Z=H) or having nitric acid ester (Z=NO 2 ), respectively. Compound (I-4) is prepared from Compound (I-3). 
     The reaction is performed at -40° to 20° C. using a nitrating agent such as acetic anhydride-fuming nitric acid, fuming nitric acid, fuming nitric acid-conc. sulfuric acid, etc. in the presence or absence of a solvent. As the solvent, acetonitrile, chloroform, methylene chloride, acetic acid, etc. are preferably used. ##STR18## wherein Q, W, X, Z and n have the same significances as described above. 
     Compound (I-6) having an N-oxide which is Compound (I) where us is ##STR19## is obtained by oxidizing Compound (I-5) according to the method as described hereinbefore. 
     The oxidizing agent used includes, for example, m-chloroperbenzoic acid, peracetic acid, hydrogen peroxide and benzoyl peroxide. Azobisisobutyronitrile and the like are added as a catalyst, if necessary. As the solvent, methylene chloride, chloroform, acetic acid, methanol, diethylether and water are preferably used. The reaction temperature is in the range of -40° to -50° C. and the reaction is completed in 5 minutes to 6 hours. 
     The intermediates and the objective compounds in these processes are isolated and purified by usual purification methods in organic synthetic chemistry, for example, filtration, extraction, drying, concentration, recrystallization, various column chromatographies, etc. The intermediates are provided in the subsequent reaction, with or without being particularly purified. 
     In case that salts of Compound (I) are desired to be obtained, when Compound (I) is obtained in the form of a salt, Compound (I) may be purified as it is. Further in case that Compound (I) is obtained in a free form, salts may be formed in a conventional manner. 
     Compound (I) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof may be present in the form of addition products to water or various solvents; in this case, the addition products are also included in the present invention. 
     Specific examples of Compound (I) obtained by the respective processes are shown in Tables 1-1 to 1-3. 
     
                       TABLE 1-1______________________________________ ##STR20##Compound No.(Example) R.sup.A______________________________________1(1)      ##STR21##2(2)      ##STR22##3(3)      ##STR23##4(4)      ##STR24##5(5)      ##STR25##6(6)      ##STR26##7(7)      ##STR27##8(8)      ##STR28##9(9)      ##STR29##10(10)      ##STR30##11(11)      ##STR31##12(12)      ##STR32##13(13)      ##STR33##14(14)      ##STR34##15(15)      ##STR35##16(16)      ##STR36##17(17)      ##STR37##18(18)      ##STR38##19(19)      ##STR39##20(20)      ##STR40##21(21)      ##STR41##22(22)      ##STR42##23(23)      ##STR43##24(24)      ##STR44##25(24)      ##STR45##26(25)      ##STR46##27(26)      ##STR47##28(27)      ##STR48##29(28)      ##STR49##30(29)      ##STR50##31(30)      ##STR51##32(31)      ##STR52##33(32)      ##STR53##34(32)      ##STR54##35(33)      ##STR55##36(33)      ##STR56##37(34)      ##STR57##38(35)      ##STR58##39(36)      ##STR59##40(37)      ##STR60##41(37)      ##STR61##42(38)      ##STR62##43(39)      ##STR63##44(40)      ##STR64##45(41)      ##STR65##46(42)      ##STR66##47(43)      ##STR67##48(43)      ##STR68##49(44)      ##STR69##50(44)      ##STR70##51(45)      ##STR71##52(46)      ##STR72##53(47)      ##STR73##54(48)      ##STR74##55(50)      ##STR75##56(50)      ##STR76##57(51)      ##STR77##58(52)      ##STR78##59(53)      ##STR79##60(54)      ##STR80##61(55)      ##STR81##62(56)      ##STR82##63(57)      ##STR83##64(58)      ##STR84##65(59)      ##STR85##66(60)      ##STR86##67(61)      ##STR87##68(61)      ##STR88##69(62)      ##STR89##70(63)      ##STR90##71(64)      ##STR91##72(65)      ##STR92##73(81)      ##STR93##74(82)      ##STR94##75(83)      ##STR95##76(84)      ##STR96##77(85)      ##STR97##78(86)      ##STR98##79(87)      ##STR99##80(88, 109)      ##STR100##81(89)      ##STR101##82(90)      ##STR102##83(91)      ##STR103##84(92)      ##STR104##85(93)      ##STR105##86(94)      ##STR106##87(95)      ##STR107##88(96)      ##STR108##89(97)      ##STR109##90(98)      ##STR110##91(99)      ##STR111##92(100)      ##STR112##93(101)      ##STR113##94(102)      ##STR114##111(103)      ##STR115##112(104)      ##STR116##114(106)      ##STR117##115(107)      ##STR118##116(108)      ##STR119##120(113)      ##STR120##121(114)      ##STR121##122(115)      ##STR122##______________________________________ 
    
     
                                           TABLE 1-2__________________________________________________________________________Compound No.(Example)   Structure__________________________________________________________________________95(66)    ##STR123##96(67)    ##STR124##97(68)    ##STR125##98(69)    ##STR126##99(70)    ##STR127##113(105)    ##STR128##118(111)    ##STR129##119(112)    ##STR130##__________________________________________________________________________ 
    
     
                       TABLE 1-3______________________________________ ##STR131##Compound No.(Example)   R.sup.c______________________________________100(49)        ##STR132##101(71)        ##STR133##102(72)        ##STR134##103(73)        ##STR135##104(74)        ##STR136##105(75)        ##STR137##106(76)        ##STR138##107(77)        ##STR139##108(78)        ##STR140##109(79)        ##STR141##110(80)        ##STR142##117(110)        ##STR143##______________________________________ 
    
     The pharmacological effects of compound (I) are illustrated in (a) a test for coronary vasospasm model, (b) a test for heart failure model and (c) acute toxicity test. 
     (a) Effects on coronary vasospasm model (lysine-vasopressin test) 
     Male Wistar rats weighing 210-250 g were used as experimental animals. Electrocardiogram (ECG) was measured by electrocardiograph (RB-5, Nihon Koden, Tokyo, Japan) and recorded on polygraph. 
     Oral and intraperitoneal administration of test compounds to rats were performed 30 and 20 minutes before the anesthetization, respectively. After rats were anesthetized with urethane, lysine-vasopressin (manufactured by Sigma Co., Ltd.; V-2875, 0.3 I.U./kg) was intravenously injected to rats for the purpose of inducing coronary vasospasm. After the lysine-vasopressin injection, increase of ST-segment was observed in ECG [Arzneim. Forsh., 36, 1454(1986)]. 
     In this test, the inhibitory effect of ST-segment elevation following lysine-vasopressin injection was regarded as anti-angina pectoris activity [Arzneim. Forsh., 36, 1454 (1986)]. The ST-segment heights were measured before and at 20 to 30 seconds after lysine-vasopressin injection in rats with an without test compound treatment, and then elevation % of ST-segment was calculated in each rat. Inhibition % was calculated from the following equation. ##EQU1## 
     In this test, the compounds which have the depression rate of 20% or higher were defined as effective in the coronary vasospasm model, and the compounds are considered to have anti-vasospasm activity. The minimum dose for showing the anti-vasospasm activity was defined as the minimum effective dose (MED). 
     The results are shown in Table 2. 
     (b) Propranolol-induced heart failure model 
     Adult mongrel dogs of either sex, weighing from 8 to 22 kg were used for the experiments. The animals were anesthetized with sodium pentobarbital (35 mg/kg iv) and the lungs were ventilated with respirator (made by Takashima Co., for big animals) following tracheal intubation. The common carotid artery was cannulated and the catheter for measurement of left ventricular pressure (Millar Tip®) was advanced to the left ventricular cavity. Left ventricular pressure (LVP), the maximum rate of change of left ventricular pressure (Max dp/dt), and left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP) were measured by the Millar Tip transducer. The systemic blood pressure (BP) was measured with a pressure transducer (MPU-0.5, Nihonkoden) attached to a catheter placed in the femoral artery, and heart rate (HR) was measured with a heart rate meter (AT610-G, Nihonkoden) from B.P. All measurements were recorded on a polygraph (RPM-6200 Nihonkoden) or on a pen-recorder (RAT-1200, Nihonkoden). 
     After values of all parameters were stabilized, abolus intravenous injection of propranolol at a dose of 2 mg/kg was performed. Thereafter, an intravenous infusion of propranolol (0.05 mg/kg/min.) was carried out to evoke heart failure [J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. 6, 35-42 (1984)]. LVEDP was increased by 10 to 15 mmHg as a symptom of heart failure. After occurrance of heart failure, the test compounds were intravenously or intraduodenally administered. After administration of the test compounds, LVEDP, LVP, Max dp/dt, BP and HR were recorded on interval of every 15 minutes. 
     In this experiment, LVEDP elevation was used as an index of heart failure and the compounds which decrease LVEDP by over 20% were defined as effective. 
     The results are shown in Table 2. Compounds 1, 22, 58, 80 and 80&#39; were effective at 0.3 mg/kg of intraduodenal administration, and compounds 31, 80 and 80&#39; were effective at a dose of 0.3 mg/kg (iv.). 
     
                       TABLE 2______________________________________      Coronary      vasoconstric-                   Heart failure model      tion model   Effective doseCompound   MED (mg/kg)  (mg/kg)No.        i.p.   p.o.      i.d.   i.v.______________________________________ 1         &lt;25    &lt;30       0.312                &lt;3016                &lt;3021                &lt;3022         &lt;25    &lt;30       0.323                &lt;3024/25.sup. *.sup.1             &lt;3027                &lt;3031         &lt;25                     0.357         &lt;2558         &lt;25              0.360         &lt;2576                &lt;3078                &lt;3080.sup.*4  &lt;25    &lt;30       0.3    0.380.sup.&#39; *.sup.4      &lt;25    &lt;30       0.3    0.381                &lt;3083                &lt;3084         &lt;2587                &lt;3089                &lt;3093                &lt;3096         &lt;25102        &lt;25    &lt;30111               &lt;30112               &lt;30113        &lt;25114               &lt;30117        &lt;25    &lt;30(Reference Compounds)ISDN*.sup.2      &lt;30    &lt;30Nicorandil*.sup.3         &lt;30______________________________________ *.sup.1 Mixture (21:1) *.sup.2 Isosorbide dinitrate *.sup.3 The Merck Index, 10th edition, 6358 (1983) *.sup.4 Compound 80 is a free form, and Compound 80&#39; is hydrochloride sal of Compound 80. 
    
     (c) Acute toxicity 
     The compounds were orally administered and intraperitoneally administered to male dd-mice weighing 20 to 25 g. Minimum effective dose (MED) was determined by observing the mortality for seven days after the administration. 
     The results are shown in Table 3. 
     
                       TABLE 3______________________________________          MLD (mg/kg)Compound No.     i.p.    p.o.______________________________________ 1               &gt;100    &gt;15012               &gt;100    &gt;30016               &gt;100    &gt;30021               &gt;100    &gt;30022               &gt;100    &gt;30023               &gt;100    &gt;30024/25            &gt;100    &gt;30027               &gt;100    &gt;30031               &gt;100    &gt;30057               &gt;100    &gt;30058               &gt;100    &gt;30060               &gt;100    &gt;30076               &gt;100    &gt;30078               &gt;100    &gt;30080               &gt;100    &gt;30080&#39;              &gt;100    &gt;30081               &gt;100    &gt;30083               &gt;100    &gt;30084               &gt;100    &gt;30087               &gt;100    &gt;30089               &gt;100    &gt;30093               &gt;100    &gt;30096               &gt;100    &gt;300102              &gt;100    &gt;300111              &gt;100    &gt;300112              &gt;100    &gt;300113              &gt;100    &gt;300114              &gt;100    &gt;300______________________________________ 
    
     Compound (I) or pharmacologically acceptable salts thereof may be used as they are or in the form of various dosage forms depending upon their pharmacological activity and purpose of administration. The medical preparation of the present invention is prepared by uniformly mixing, as an active ingredient, an effective dose of Compound (I) or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof with pharmaceutically acceptable carriers. The suitable carrier is selected from a broad range of carriers depending upon preparation modes desired for administration. These medical compositions are desirably in the form of unit dose suited to oral or parenteral administration. 
     In preparing compositions which are in the form suitable for oral administration, any useful pharmaceutically acceptable carriers are used. A liquid preparation suited to oral administration, for example, an emulsion and a syrup are prepared using water; sugars such as sucrose, sorbitol, fructose, etc.; glycols such as polyethylene glycol, propylene glycol, etc.; oils such as sesame oil, olive oil, soybean oil, etc.; antiseptics such as an alkyl p-hydroxybenzoate, etc.; flavors such as strawberry flavor, pepper mint, etc. Furthermore, a powder, a pill, a capsule and a tablet are prepared by using an excipient such as lactose, glucose, sucrose, mannitol, etc.; a disintegrator such as starch, sodium alginate, etc.; a lubricant such as magnesium stearate, talc, etc.; a binder such as polyvinyl alcohol, hydroxypropyl cellulose, gelatin, etc.; a surfactant such as a fatty acid ester, etc.; a plasticizer such as glycerine, etc. A tablet and a capsule are the most useful unit preparations for oral administration since their administration is easy. Upon preparing the tablet and capsule, individual pharmaceutical carriers are used. A solution for injection can be prepared by using distilled water, a saline, a glucose solution or carrier composed of a saline and a glucose solution. Effective dose and number of administration of Compound (I) or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof vary depending on mode of administration and, age, body weight, conditions, etc. of the patient. Daily dose is generally 1 to 50 mg/kg and the number of administration per day is 3 to 4 times. 
    
    
     Hereafter, the present invention is described by referring to Examples and Reference Examples below. 
     EXAMPLE 1 
     5-Deoxy-5-[4-(3-phenylthiopropyl)piperazin-1-yl]-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitrate hydrochloride (Compound 1) 
     A mixture of 1.25 g (4.82 mmols) of Compound b obtained in Reference Example 2, 0.91 g (4.87 mmols) of 1-chloro-3-phenylthiopropane (Reference Example 6), 0.7 ml (5.02 mmols) of triethylamine and 30 ml of ethanol was heated under reflux for 24 hours. The mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure, and the residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (eluent: chloroform/methanol=40/1). The product was dissolved in ethanol, and to this solution was added ethyl acetate saturated with hydrogen chloride. The crystals were taken out by filtration and dried to afford 0.80 g (yield: 34%) of Compound 1. 
     Elemental analysis: as C 19  H 27  N 3  O 5  S.2HCl. 
     Calcd. (%); C, 47.30 H, 6.06 N, 8.71. 
     Found (%); C, 47.00 H, 5.98 N, 8.53. 
     IR (KBr) cm 311  : 2985, 2410(br), 1643, 1275 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6 ) δ (ppm): 7.28-7.45(4H, m), 7.17-7.27 (1H, m), 5.42(1H, m), 5.04(1H, m), 4.80(1H, m), 4.09-4.19(1H, m), 4.06(2H, m), 3.87-3.98(1H, m), 3.0-4.8(l1H, m), 3.06(2H, t, J=7.2 Hz), 2.02(2H, m) 
     EXAMPLE 2 
     5-[4-[3-(4-Acetyl-3-hydroxy-2-n-propylphenoxy)propyl]-piperazin-1-yl]-5-deoxy-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitrate hydrochloride (Compound 2) 
     Compound 2 was obtained (yield; 43%) in a manner similar to Example 1 except that 2-hydroxy-4-(3-iodopropoxy)-3-n-propylacetophenone was used in place of 1-chloro-3-phenylthiopropane. 
     Elemental analysis: as C 24  H 35  N 3  O 8  ·HCl. 
     Calcd. (%); C, 50.89 H, 6.58 N, 7.42. 
     Found (%); C, 50.56 H, 6.61 N, 7.06. 
     IR (KBr) cm -1  : 3450(br), 2974, 2410(br), 1653, 1629, 1274 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6  δ ppm): 12.84(1H, s), 7.82(1H, d, J=9.0 Hz), 6.65(1H, d, J=9.0 Hz), 5.42(1H, m), 5.04 (1H, brs), 4.81(1H, m), 4.10-4.25(3H, m), 4.02 4.10(2H, m), 3.85-3.99(1H, m), 3.0-3.8(l1H, m), 2.58(3H, s), 2.40-2.67(2H, m), 2.24(2H, m), 1.47 (2H, m), 0.89(3H, t, J=7.3 Hz) 
     EXAMPLE 3 
     5-Deoxy-5-[4-(1,3-di-n-butylxanthin-7-ylpropyl)piperazin-1-yl]-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitrate hydrochloride (Compound 3) 
     Compound 3 was obtained (yield: 28%) in a manner similar to Example 1 except that 1,3-di-n-butyl-7-(3-iodopropyl)xanthine was used in place of 1-chloro-3-phenylthiopropane and the period for heating under reflux was changed from 24 hours to 5 hours. 
     Melting point: 220°-221° C. 
     Elemental analysis: as C 26  H 41  N 7  O 7  ·2.1HCl. 
     Calcd. (%); C, 48.78 H, 6.79 N, 15.31. 
     Found (%); C, 48.77 H, 6.98 N, 15.18. 
     IR (KBr) cm -1  : 2960, 2420(br), 1696, 1650, 1644, 1278 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6 ) δ (ppm): 8.14(1H, s), 5.41(1H, m), 4.96 (1H, m), 4.76(1H, m), 4.38(2H, t, J=6.6 Hz), 4.07 4.17(1H, m), 4.02-4.08(2H, m), 3.99(2H, t, J=7.2 Hz), 3.88(2H, t, J=7.1 Hz), 3.12(2H, t, J=7.7 Hz), 2.8-4 2(10H, m), 2.20-2.35(2H, m), 1.59-1.73(2H, m), 1 46-1.59(2H, m), 1.20-1.40(4H, m), 0.90(6H, t, J=6.9 Hz) 
     EXAMPLE 4 
     5-(4-Cinnamylpiperazin-1-yl;-5-deoxy-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitrate hydrochloride (Compound 4) 
     A mixture of 1.20 g (4.63 mmols) of Compound b obtained in Reference Example 2, 0.65 ml (4.66 mmols) of triethylamine and 15 ml of methylene chloride was stirred at 0° C., and to this solution was dropwise added 5 ml of a solution of 0.92 g (4.67 mmols) of cinnamyl bromide in methylene chloride over 5 minutes. Stirring was continued at the same temperature for further an hour. The solution was washed with an aqueous saturated sodium bicarbonate solution and the methylene chloride layer was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. The solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure and the residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (eluent: chloroform/methanol =25/1). The product was dissolved in ethanol, and to the solution was added ethyl acetate saturated with hydrogen chloride. The solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure, and the residue was dried to afford 0.85 g (yield: 42%) of Compound 4. 
     Melting point: 215°-216° C. 
     Elemental analysis: as C 19  H 25  N 3  O 5 .1.7HCl. 
     Calcd. (%); C, 52.17 H, 6.15 N, 9.61. 
     Found (%); C, 52.10 H, 6.27 N, 9.52. 
     IR (KBr) cm -1  : 2976, 2360(br), 2200(br), 1634, 1268 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6  δ ppm): 7.48(2H, m), 7.28-7.45(3H, m), 6.89(1H, d, J=15.9 Hz), 6.32-6.48(1H, m), 5.42(1H, m), 5.04(1H, m), 4.79(1H, m), 4.10-4.20(1H, m), 4.02-4.10(2H, m), 3.84-4.03(3H, m), 3.2-3.8(9H, m) 
     EXAMPLE 5 
     5-Deoxy-5-[4-(5-methyl-s-triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-7-yl)-piperazin-1-yl]-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitrate hydrochloride (Compound 5) 
     A mixture of 1.00 g (3.86 mmols) of Compound b, 0.65 g (3.86 mmols) of 7-chloro-5-methyl-s-triazolo[1,5-a]-pyrimidine [Yakugaku Zasshi, 78, 1395 (1958)], 0.56 ml (4.02 mmols) of triethylamine and 25 ml of ethanol was stirred at room temperature for 40 minutes. The mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure, and the residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (eluent: chloroform/methanol =20/1). The product was dissolved in ethanol, and to the solution was added ethyl acetate saturated with hydrogen chloride. The mixture was poured into cold diethyl ether and the precipitated crystals were taken out by filtration and dried to afford 0.85 g (yield: 45%) of Compound 5. 
     Elemental analysis: as C 16  H 21  N 7  O 5  ·2.6HCl. 
     Calcd. (%); C, 39.53 H, 4.89 N, 20.17. 
     Found (%); C, 39.69 H, 5.06 N, 19.20. 
     IR (KBr) cm -1  : 2940(br), 2580(br), 1645, 1583, 1278 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6 ) δ (ppm): 8.65(1H, s), 6.89(1H, s), 5.45 J=5.2, 2.3 Hz), 5.25-6.10 (1H, m), 5.36(1H, dd, (4H, m), 4.89(1H, m), 4.12-4.31(2H, m), 4.05-4.12 (2H, m), 3.95-4.06(1H, m), 3.30-3.75(4H, m), 2.55 (3H, s) 
     EXAMPLE 6 
     5-Deoxy-5-[(4-diphenylmethyl)piperazin-1-yl]-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitrate hydrochloride (Compound 6) 
     Compound 6 was obtained (yield: 35%) in a manner similar to Example 1 except that diphenylmethyl bromide was used in place of 1-chloro-3-phenylthiopropane, the period for heating under reflux was changed from 24 hours to 1 hour and a solvent mixture of ethanol and methylene chloride was used as the solvent for converting the product into the hydrochloride, instead of ethanol. 
     Melting point: 182°-183° C. 
     Elemental analysis: as C 23  H 27  N 3  O 5 .2HCl. 
     Calcd. (%); C, 55.43 H, 5.87 N, 8.43. 
     Found (%); C, 54.59 H, 6.07 N, 8.10. 
     IR (KBr) cm -1  : 2950, 2370(br), 1653, 1644, 1275 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6  δ ppm): 7.55-8- 15(4H, m), 7.20-7.55(6H, m), 5.43(1H, m), 5.15(1H, m), 4.80(1H, m), 2.70 4.25(14H, m) 
     EXAMPLE 7 
     5-[4-[3-(4-Acetyl-3-hydroxy-2-n-propylphenoxy)-2-hydroxypropyl]piperazin-1-yl]-5-deoxy-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitrate hydrochloride (Compound 7) 
     A mixture of 0.98 g (3.78 mmols) of Compound b, 0.98 g (3.92 mmols) of 4-(2,3-epoxypropyl)-2-hydroxy-3-n-propylacetophenone and 30 ml of ethanol was heated under reflux for 12 hours. The mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure, and the residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (eluent: chloroform/methanol =25/1). Then, the product was treated in a manner similar to Example 1 to afford 1.01 g (yield: 46%) of Compound 7. 
     Melting point: 217°-218° C. 
     Elemental analysis: as C 24  H 35  N 3  O 9  ·2HCl. 
     Calcd. (%); C, 49.49 H, 6.40 N, 7.21. 
     Found (%); C, 49.57 H, 6.46 N, 7.28. 
     IR (KBr) cm -1  : 3380(br), 2964, 2400(br), 1655, 1630, 1275 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6 ) 6 (ppm): 12.84(1H, s), 7.82(1H, d, J=9.0 Hz), 6.67(1H, d, J=9.0 Hz), 5.43(1H, m), 5.05 (1H, m), 4.81(1H, m), 4.45(1H, m), 3.99-4.21(5H, m), 3.88-4.00(1H, m), 3.0-3.9(l1H, m), 2.59(3H, s), 2.53-2.67(2H, m), 1.48(2H, m), 0.89(3H, t, J=7.4 Hz) 
     EXAMPLE 8 
     5-Deoxy-5-[4-[2-hydroxy-3-(1,3-dihydro-1,3-dimethyl-2H-purin-2-on-6-ylthio)propyl]piperazin-1-yl]-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitrate hydrochloride (Compound 8) 
     A mixture of 1.02 g (3.93 mmols) of Compound b, 2.31 g (9.16 mmols) of 6-(2,3-epoxypropylthio)-1,3-dihydro-1,3-dimethyl-2H-purin-2-one, 25 m-1 of ethanol and 25 ml of chloroform was heated at 60° C. for 11 hours with stirring. The mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure, and the residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (eluent: chloroform/methanol =25/1). The product was dissolved in ethanol and chloroform, and to the solution was added ethyl acetate saturated with hydrogen chloride. The precipitated crystals were taken out by filtration and dried to afford 0.35 g (yield: 14%) of Compound 8. 
     MS (FAB) m/z: 512 (M +  +1) 
     IR (KBr) cm -1  : 3480(br), 1698, 1650 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6 ) δ (ppm): 8.12 and 8.08(1H, s), 5.43(1H, m), 5.19(1H, m), 3.44 and 3.43(3H, s), 3.23(3H, s), 2.60-4.95(20H, m) 
     EXAMPLE 9 
     5-Deoxy-5-[4-[3-(4-methoxyphenylthio)propylpiperazin-1yl]-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitrate hydrochloride (Compound 9) 
     A mixture of 0.80 g (3.09 mmols) of Compound b, 0.67 g (3.09 mmols) of 1-chloro-3-(4-methoxyphenylthio)propane (Reference Example 7), 0.43 ml (3.08 mmols) of triethylamine, 0.69 g (4.60 mmols) of sodium iodide and 30 ml of methyl ethyl ketone was heated under reflux for 8 hours. The mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure, and the residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (eluent: chloroform/methanol =40/1). The product was dissolved in chloroform, and to the solution was added ethyl acetate saturated with hydrogen chloride. The precipitated crystals were taken out by filtration and dried to afford 0.98 g (yield: 62%) of Compound 9. 
     Melting point 203.5°-204.5° C. 
     Elemental analysis: as C 20  H 29  N 3  O 6  S·2HCl. 
     Calcd. (%); C, 46.88 H, 6.10 N, 8.20. 
     Found (%); C, 46.31 H, 6.18 N, 8.04. 
     IR (KBr) cm -1  : 2956, 2346(br), 1643, 1272 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6 ) 6 (ppm): 7.38(2H, d, J=8.8 Hz), 6.93(2H, d, J=8.8 Hz), 5.42(1H, m), 5.03(1H, m), 4.80(1H, m), 4.08-4.19(1H, m), 4.03-4.09(2H, m), 3.86-3.97  (1H, m), 3.75(3H, s), 3.4-4.5(5H, m), 3.1-3.4(6H, m), 2.92(2H, t, J=7.0 Hz), 1.93(2H, m) 
     EXAMPLE 10 
     5-[4-[3-(4-Chlorophenylthio)propyl]piperazin-1-yl]-5-deoxy-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitrate hydrochrolide (Compound 10) 
     1-Chloro-3-(4-chlorophenylthio)propane was obtained (yield: 96%) in a manner similar to Reference Example 7 except that 4-chlorothiophenol was used in place of 4-methoxythiophenol. Then, Compound 10 was obtained (yield: 67%) in the same manner as in Example 9. 
     Melting point: 201.5°-202.0° C. 
     MS (EI) m/z: 443 (M + ) 
     IR (KBr) cm -1  : 2882, 2400(br), 1644, 1275 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6 ) δ (ppm): 7.39(4H, s), 5.42(1H, m), 5.01 (1H, m), 4.79(1H, m), 4.08-4.19(1H, m), 4.03-4.09 (2H, m), 3.84-3.96(1H, m), 3.4-4.5(5H, m), 3.1 3.4(6H, m), 3.07(2H, t, J=7.2 Hz), 2.00(2H, m) 
     EXAMPLE 11 
     5-Deoxy-5-[4-[3-(3,4-dichlorophenylthio)propyl]piperazin-1-yl]-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitrate hydrochloride (Compound 11) 
     1-Chloro-3-(3,4-dichlorophenylthio)propane was obtained (yield: 97%) in a manner similar to Reference Example 7 except that 3,4-dichlorothiophenol was used in place of 4-methoxythiophenol. Then, Compound 11 was obtained (yield: 72%) in the same manner as in Example 9. 
     Melting point: 205.8°-206.0° C. 
     MS (FAB) m/z: 478 (M +  +1) 
     IR (KBr) cm -1  : 2980, 2380(br), 1644, 1273 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6 ) δ (ppm): 7.63(1H, d, J=2.1 Hz), 7.57(1H, d, J=8.5 Hz), 7.35(1H, dd, J=8.5, 2.1 Hz), 5.41(1H, 85 m), 5.01(1H, m), 4.79(1H, m), 3.4-4.5(9H, m), 3.1-3.4(6H, m), 3.13(2H, t, J=7.2 Hz), 2.02(2H, m) 
     EXAMPLE 12 
     5-Deoxy-5-[4-[3-(pyridin-4-ylthio)propyl]piperazin-1-yl]-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitrate hydrochloride (Compound 12) 
     1-Chloro-3-(pyridin-4-ylthio)propane was obtained (yield: 95%) in a manner similar to Reference Example 7 except that 4-pyridinethiol was used in place of 4-methoxythiophenol. Then, Compound 12 was obtained (yield: 50%) in the same manner as in Example 9 except that the period for heating under reflux was changed from 8 hours to 5 hours. 
     Melting point: 207.7°-208.5° C. 
     MS (EI) m/z: 410 (M + ) 
     IR (KBr) cm -1  : 2920(br), 2550(br), 1627, 1276 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6  δ ppm): 8.66(2H, d, J=6.8 Hz), 7.96(2H, d, J=6.8 Hz), 5.42(1H, m), 5.06(1H, m), 4.81(1H, m), 4.1-4.2(1H, m), 4.0-4.1(2H, m), 3.85-4.0(1H, m), 3.0-4.5(13H, m), 2.17(2H, m) 
     EXAMPLE 13 
     4-Deoxy-5-[4-[3-(pyrimidin-2-ylthio)propyl]piperazin-1-yl]-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitrate hydrochloride (Compound 13) 
     1-Chloro-3-(pyrimidin-2-ylthio)propane was obtained (yield: 21%) in a manner similar to Reference Example 7 except that 2-mercaptopyrimidine was used in place of 4-methoxythiophenol. Then, Compound 13 was obtained (yield: 10%) in the same manner as in Example 9. 
     Melting point: 205.5°-206.0° C. 
     Elemental analysis: as C 17  H 25  N 5  O 5  S·3HCl. 
     Calcd. (%); C, 39.20 H, 5.42 N, 13.45. 
     Found (%); C, 39.69 H, 5.67 N, 13.41. 
     IR (KBr) cm -1  : 2976, 2340(br), 1650, 1276 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6  δ ppm): 8.65(2H, d, J=4.9 Hz), 7.24(1H, t, J=4.9 Hz), 5.43(1H, m), 5.11(1H, m), 4.83(1H, m), 4.1-4.25(1H, m), 4.07(2H, m), 3.90-4.05(1H, m), 3.3-5.0(9H, m), 3.28(2H, t, J=7.7 Hz), 3.20 (2H, t, J=7.1 Hz), 2.15(2H, m) 
     EXAMPLE 14 
     5-[4-[3-(2-ethoxycarbonylphenylthio)propyl]piperazin-1-yl]-5-deoxy-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitrate hydrochloride (Compound 14) 
     Compound 14 was obtained (yield: 50%) in a manner similar to Example 9 except that 1-chloro-3-(2-ethoxycarbonylphenylthio)propane (Reference Example 8) was used in place of 1-chloro-3-(4-methoxyphenylthio)propane. 
     Melting point: 186.3°-186.8° C. 
     Elemental analysis: as C 22  H 31  N 3  O 7  S·2HCl. 
     Calcd. (%); C, 47.65 H, 6.00 N, 7.58. 
     Found (%); C, 47.38 H, 6.12 N, 7.46. 
     IR (KBr) cm -1  : 2982 2360(br), 1705, 1642, 1272 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6 ) 6 (ppm): 7.87(1H, dd, J=7.8, 1.5 Hz), 7.56(1H, m), 7.28(1H, d, J=7.8 Hz), 7.26(1H, dd, J=7.8, 7.8 Hz), 5.42(1H, m), 5.02(1H, m), 4.79(1H, m), 4.29(2H, q, J=7.1 Hz), 3.05(2H, t, J=7.3 Hz), 2.9-4.6(15H, m), 2.07(2H, m), 1.32(3H, t, J=7.1 Hz) 
     EXAMPLE 15 
     5-Deoxy-5-[4-[3-(4-ethoxycarbonylmethylphenylthio)propyl]-piperazin-1-yl]-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitrate hydrochloride (Compound 15) 
     Compound 15 was obtained (yield: 70%) in a manner similar to Example 9 except that 1-chloro-3-(4-ethoxycarbonylmethylphenylthio)propane (Reference Example 9) was used in place of 1-chloro-3-(4-methoxyphenylthio)propane. 
     Melting point: 194°-195° C. 
     Elemental analysis: as C 23  H 33  N 3  O 7  S·2HCl. 
     Calcd. (%); C, 48.59 H, 6.21 N, 7.39. 
     Found (%); C, 48.76 H, 6.25 N, 7.39. 
     IR (KBr) cm -1  : 2980, 2410(br), 1731, 1638, 1276 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6  δ ppm): 7.33(2H, d, J=8.3 Hz), 7.23(2H, d, J=8.3 Hz), 5.41(1H, m), 5.01(1H, m), 4.79(1H, m), 3.64(2H, s), 3.4-4.5(l1H, m), 3.1-3.4(6H, m), 3.04(2H, t, J=7.1 Hz), 2.01(2H, m), 1.18(3H, t, J=7.1 Hz) 
     EXAMPLE 16 
     5-[4-[3-(4-Carboxymethylphenylthio)propyl]piperazin-1-yl]-5-deoxy-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitrate (Compound 16) 
     A mixture of 1.87 g (3.77 mmols) of the free form of Compound 15 obtained in Example 15, 0.40 g (10.00 mmols) of sodium hydroxide, 25 ml of water, 25 ml of ethanol and 50 ml of tetrahydrofuran was stirred at room temperature for 20 minutes, and then, the pH of the reaction mixture was adjusted with dil. hydrochloric acid to pH 6 -7. The mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure, and the residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (eluent: chloroform/methanol =5/1) and recrystallized from isopropyl alcohol/water. The crystals were taken out by filtration and dried to afford 1.38 g (yield: 78%) of Compound 16. 
     Melting point: 129°-130° C. 
     Elemental analysis: as C 21  H 29  N 3  O 7  S. 
     Calcd. (%); C, 53.95 H, 6.25 N, 8.99. 
     Found (%) C 53 96 H, 6.27 N, 8.82. 
     IR (KBr) cm -1  : 3420(br), 2922(br), 1695, 1636, 1275 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6 ) 6 (ppm): 7.26(2H, d, J=8.3 Hz), 7.19(2H, d, J=8.3 Hz), 5.35(1H, m), 4.62(2H, m), 3.85-4.10 (3H, m), 3.53(2H, s), 3.5-3.6(1H, m), 2.94(2H, t, J=7.3 Hz), 2.78(1H, m), 2.15-2.65(10H, m), 1.68 (2H, m) 
     EXAMPLE 17 
     5-Deoxy-5-[4-[3-(4-ethoxycarbonylphenylthio)propyl]-piperazin-1-yl]-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitrate hydrochloride (Compound 17) 
     1-Chloro-(4-ethoxycarbonylphenylthio)propane was obtained (yield: 30%) in a manner similar to Reference Example 9 except that 4-aminobenzoic acid was used in place of 4-aminophenylacetic acid. Then, Compound 17 was obtained in a manner similar to Example 15 (yield: 63%). 
     Melting point: 193.0°-193.7° C. 
     Elemental analysis: as C 22  H 31  N 3  O 7  S·2HCl. 
     Calcd. (%); C, 47.65 H, 6.00 N, 7.58. 
     Found (%); C, 47.70 H, 6.15 N, 7.47. 
     IR (KBr) cm -1  : 2984, 2390(br), 1709, 1641, 1275 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6 ) 6 (ppm): 7.88(2H, d, J=8.5 Hz), 7.45(2H, d, J=8.5 Hz), 5.42(1H, m), 5.02(1H, m), 4.80(1H, (m), 4.30(2H, q, J=7.1 Hz), 4.08-4.18(1H, m), 4.00 4.09(2H, m), 3.85-3.97(1H, m), 3.17(2H, t, J=7.3 Hz), 3.0-4.7(l1H, m), 2.08(2H, m), 1.31(3H, t, J=7.1 Hz) 
     EXAMPLE 18 
     5-Deoxy-5-[4-(2-phenylthioethyl)piperazin-1-yl]-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitrate hydrochloride (Compound 18) 
     1-Chloro-2-phenylthioethane was obtained (yield: 89%) in a manner similar to Reference Example 7 except that thiophenol and 1-bromo-2-chloroethane were used in place of 4-methoxythiophenol and 1-bromo-3-chloropropane, respectively. Then, Compound 18 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 9 (yield: 47%). 
     Melting point: 209.3°-209.8° C. 
     Elemental analysis: as C 18  H 25  N 3  O 5  S·2HCl. 
     Calcd. (%); C, 46.16 H, 5.81 N, 8.9. 
     Found (%); C, 45.79, H, 5.97 N, 8.94. 
     IR (KBr) cm -1  : 2984, 2362(br), 1645, 1274 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6  δ ppm): 7.2-7.5(5H, m), 5.42(1H, m), 5.03(1H, m), 4.79(1H, m), 4.08-4.19(1H, m), 4.00 4.10(2H, m), 3.84-3.98(1H, m), 2.9-5.2(13H, m) 
     EXAMPLE 19 
     5-[4-[3-(benzothiazol-2-ylthio)propyl]piperazin-1-yl]-5-deoxy-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitrate hydrochloride (Compound 19) 
     1-(Benzothiazol-2-ylthio)-3-chloropropane was obtained (yield 83%) in a manner similar to Reference Example 7 except that 2-mercaptobenzothiazole was used in place of 4-methoxythiophenol. Then, Compound 19 was obtained (yield: 31%) in the same manner as in Example 9 except that the period for heating under reflux was changed from 8 hours to 4 hours. 
     Melting point: 213.5°-214.0° C. 
     Elemental analysis: as C 20  H 26  N 4  O 5  S 2  ·3HCl. 
     Calcd. (%); C, 41.71 H, 5.08 N, 9.73. 
     Found (%); C, 41.92 H, 5.31 N, 9.73. 
     IR (KBr) cm -1  : 2960(br), 2368(br), 1635, 1275 
     NMR (DMSO-d ) 6 (ppm): 8.02(1H, d, J=7.7 Hz), 7.87(1H, d, J=7.5 Hz), 7.48(1H, m), 7.38(1H, m), 5.42(1H, m), 5.09(1H, m), 4.82(1H, m), 4.10-4.22(1H, m), 4.03-4.10(2H, m), 3.90-4.03(1H, m), 3.49(2H, t, J=7.1 Hz), 3.0-5.1(l1H, m), 2.27(2H, m) 
     EXAMPLE 20 
     5-Deoxy-5-[4-(3-phenoxypropyl)piperazin-1-yl]-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitrate hydrochloride (Compound 20) 
     1-Chloro-3-phenoxypropane was obtained (yield: 58%) in a manner similar to Reference Example 7 except that phenol was used in place of 4-methoxythiophenol. Then, Compound 20 was obtained (yield: 73%) in the same manner as in Example 9. 
     Melting point: 207.3°-208.5° C. 
     Elemental analysis: as C 19  H 27  N 3  O 6  ·2HCl. 
     Calcd. (%); C, 48.93 H, 6.27 N, 9.01. 
     Found (%); C, 49.26 H, 6.41 N, 9.04. 
     IR (KBr) cm -1  : 2954, 2362(br), 1643, 1278 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6  δ ppm): 7.30(2H, m), 6.85-7.05(3H, m), 5.42(1H, m), 5.04(1H, m), 4.80(1H, m), 4.10-4.20 (1H, m), 4.00-4.11(2H, m), 3.85-3.99(1H, m), 3.0 5.1(13H, m), 2.19(2H, m) 
     EXAMPLE 21 
     5-Deoxy-5-[4-[3-(imidazol-1-yl)propyl]piperazin-1-yl]-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitrate hydrochloride (Compound 21) 
     1-Chloro-3-(imidazol-1-yl)propane was obtained (yield: 46%) in a manner similar to Reference Example 7 except that imidazole was used in place of 4-methoxythiophenol (eluent: chloroform/methanol =10/1). Then, Compound 21 was obtained (yield: 26%) in the same manner as in Example 9 (eluent: chloroform/methanol =20/1). 
     MS (FAB) m/z: 368 (M +  +1) 
     IR (KBr) cm -1  : 2950 2550(br) 1642 1278 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6 ) 6 (ppm): 9.26(1H, s), 7.85(1H, m), 7.72 (1H, m), 5.43(1H, m), 5.09(1H, m), 4.82(1H, m), 4.38(2H, t, J=6.8 Hz), 4.10-4.22(1H, m), 4.04-4.11 (2H, m), 3.90-4.03(1H, m), 3.17(2H, t, J=7.1 Hz), 3.0-5.0(9H, m), 2.33(2H, m) 
     EXAMPLE 22 
     5-[4-[3-(Benzimidazol-1-yl)propyl]piperazin-1-yl]-5-deoxy-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitrate hydrochloride (Compound 22) 
     1-(Benzimidazol-1-yl)-3-chloropropane was obtained (yield: 86%) in a manner similar to Reference Example 7 except that benzimidazole was used in place of 4-methoxythiophenol (eluent: chloroform/methanol =50/1). Then, Compound 22 was obtained (yield: 35%) in the same manner as in Example 9 except that the period for heating under reflux was changed from 8 hours to 5 hours. 
     Melting point: 216.5°-217.5° C. 
     MS (EI) m/z: 417 (M + ) 
     IR (KBr) cm -1  : 2950(br), 2500(br), 1641, 1277 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6 ) 6 (ppm): 9.66(1H, s), 8.05-8.14(1H, m), 7 87-7.98(1H, m), 7.60-7.75(2H, m), 5.40(1H, m), 4 80-4.87(1H, m), 4.69-4.75(1H, m), 4.64(2H, t, J=7.2 Hz), 4.00-4.13(1H, m), 2.7-3.9(14H, m), 2.40(2H, m) 
     EXAMPLE 23 
     5-Deoxy-5-[4-[3-(5,6-dimethylbenzimidazol-1-yl)propyl]-piperazin-1-yl]-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitrate hydrochloride (Compound 23) 
     1-Chloro-3-(5,6-dimethylbenzimidazol-1-yl)propane was obtained (yield: 62%) in a manner similar to Reference Example 7 except that 5,6-dimethylbenzimidazole was used in place of 4-methoxythiophenol (eluent: chloroform/methanol =50/1). Then, Compound 23 was obtained (yield: 44%) in the same manner as in Example 9 except that the period for heating under reflux was changed from 8 hours to 5 hours. 
     Melting point: 225.8°-226.8° C. 
     MS (EI) m/z: 445 (M + ) 
     IR (KBr) cm -1  : 2970, 2356(br), 1635, 1275 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6  δ ppm): 9.66(1H, s), 7.92(1H, s), 7.66 (1H, s), 5.42(1H, m), 5.03(1H, m), 4.79(1H, m), 4.61(2H, t, J=6.6 Hz), 3.0-4.5(15H, m), 2.42(3H, s), 2.41(3H, s), 2.3-2.5(2H, m) 
     EXAMPLE 24 
     5-Deoxy-5-[4-[3-(4,5-dimethylbenzimidazol-1-yl)propyl]-piperazin-1-yl]-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitrate hydrochloride (Compound 24) and 5-deoxy-5-[4-[3-(6,7-dimethylbenzimidazol-1-yl)propyl]piperazin-1-yl]-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitrate hydrochloride (Compound 25) 
     A mixture of 1-chloro-3-(4,5-dimethylbenzimidazol-1-yl)propane and 1-chloro-3-(6,7-dimethylbenzimidazol-1-yl)propane was obtained (yield: 100%) in a manner similar to Reference Example 7 except that 4,5-dimethylbenzimidazole was used in place of 4-methoxythiophenol. Then, a mixture of Compound 24 and Compound 25 (about 21 :1) was obtained (yield: 58%) in the same manner as in Example 9 except that the period for heating under reflux was changed from 8 hours to 5 hours. 
     Melting point: 222°-223° C. 
     MS (EI) m/z: 445 (M + ) 
     IR (KBr) cm -1  : 2975(br), 2340(br), 1634, 1275 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6 ) δ (ppm): 9.78 and 9.67(1H, s), 7.80 and 7.61(1H, d, J=8.6 Hz), 7.46(1H, d, J=8.6 Hz), 5.42 (1H, m), 5.01(1H, m), 4.77(1H, m), 4.62(2H, t, J=6 8 Hz), 2.9-4.5(15H, m), 2.56(3H, s), 2.42(3H, s), 2.30-2.50(2H, m) 
     EXAMPLE 25 
     5-Deoxy-5-[4-[3-(5,6-dimethoxybenzimidazol-1-yl)propyl]-piperazin-1-yl]-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitrate hydrochloride (Compound 26) 
     1-Chloro-3-(5,6-dimethoxybenzimidazol-1-yl)propane was obtained (yield: 78%) in a manner similar to Reference Example 7 except that 5,6-dimethoxybenzimidazole was used in place of 4-methoxythiophenol. Then, Compound 26 was obtained (yield: 36%) in the same manner as in Example 9 except that the period for heating under reflux was changed from 8 hours to 5 hours. 
     Melting point: 224.5°-226.0° C. 
     Elemental analysis: as C 22  H 31  N 5  O 7  ·3HCl. 
     Calcd. (%); C, 45.02 H, 5.84 N, 11.93. 
     Found (%); C, 44.94 H, 5.86 N, 11.83. 
     IR (KBr) cm -1  : 2970(br), 2420(br), 1642, 1274 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6 ) 6 (ppm): 9.56(-1H, s), 7.72(1H, s), 7.31 (1H, s), 5.42(1H, m), 5.05(1H, m), 4.80(1H, m), 4 65(2H, t, J=6.8 Hz), 4.09-4.20(1H, m), 4.02-4.10 (2H, m), 3.94(3H, s), 3.88(3H, s), 3.0-4.1(12H, m), 2.41(2H, m) 
     EXAMPLE 26 
     5-Deoxy-5-[4-[3-(indol-1-yl)propyl]piperazin-1-yl]-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitrate hydrochloride (Compound 27) 
     1-Chloro-3-(indol-1-yl)propane was obtained (yield: 100%) in a manner similar to Reference Example 7 except that indole was used in place of 4-methoxythiophenol. Then, Compound 7 was obtained (yield: 44%) in the same manner as in Example 9 except that the period for heating under reflux was changed from 8 hours to 5 hours. 
     Melting point: higher than 300° C. 
     MS (EI) m/z: 416 (M + ) 
     (KBr) cm -1  : 2980(br), 2410(br), 1640, 1278 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6 ) 6 (ppm): 7.49-7.61(2H, m), 7.39-7.48(1H, m), 7.14(1H, m), 7.03(1H, m), 6.45(1H, m), 5.41 (1H, m), 5.05(1H, m), 4.80(1H, m), 4.30(2H, t, J=7.1 Hz), 3.15(2H, t, J=7.9 Hz), 3.0-5.1(13H, m), 2.23(2H, m) 
     EXAMPLE 27 
     5-[4-[3-(Benzotriazol-1-yl)propyl]piperazin-1-yl]-5-deoxy-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitrate hydrochloride (Compound 28) 
     Compound 28 was obtained (yield: 51%) in a manner similar to Example 9 except that 1-(benzotriazol-1-yl)-3-chloropropane (Compound f in Reference Example 10) was used in place of 1-chloro-3-(4-methoxyphenylthio)propane and the period for heating under reflux was changed from 8 hours to 5 hours. 
     Melting point: 206.5°-208.0° C. 
     Elemental analysis: as C 19  H 26  N 6  O 5  ·2HCl. 
     Calcd. (%); C, 45.76 H, 5.70 N, 16.85. 
     Found (%); C, 45.74 H, 5.81 N, 16.59. 
     IR (KBr) cm -1  : 2982, 2360(br), 1639, 1278 
     NMR (DMSO-d ) 6 (ppm): 8.05(1H, d, J=8.4 Hz), 7.95(1H, d, J=8.4 Hz), 7.58(1H, m), 7.42(1H, m), 5.41(1H, m), 4.94(1H, m), 4.84(2H, t, J=7.0 Hz), 4.75(1H, m), 2.8-4.2(15H, m), 2.42(2H, m) 
     EXAMPLE 28 
     5-[4-[3-(Benzotriazol-2-yl)propyl]piperazin-1-yl]-5-deoxy-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitrate hydrochloride (Compound 29) 
     Compound 29 was obtained (yield: 40%) in a manner similar to Example 9 except that 1-(benzotriazol-2-yl)-3-chloropropane (Compound g in Reference Example 10) was used in place of 1-chloro-3-(4-methoxyphenylthio)propane. 
     Melting point: 211.5°-213.0° C. 
     Elemental analysis: as C 19  H 26  N 6  O 5  ·2HCl. 
     Calcd. (%); C, 46.44 H, 5.74 N, 17.10. 
     Found (%); C, 46.56 H, 5.77 N, 16.87. 
     IR (KBr) cm -1  : 2984, 2364(br), 1642, 1278 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6  δ ppm): 7.92(2H, m), 7.45(2H, m), 5.42 (1H, m), 4.95(1H, m), 4.88(2H, t, J=6.9 Hz), 4.77 (1H, m), 4.07-4.17(1H, m), 4.01-4.08(2H, m), 2.7 4.2(12H, m), 2.52(2H, m) 
     EXAMPLE 29 
     5-Deoxy-5-[4-[3-(indazol-1-yl)propyl]piperazin-1-yl]-1.4; 3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitrate hydrochloride (Compound 30) 
     Compound 30 was obtained (yield: 29%) in a manner similar to Example 9 except that 1-chloro-3-(indazol-1-yl)propane (Compound h in Reference Example 11) was used in place of 1-chloro-3-(4-methoxyphenylthio)propane and the period for heating under reflux was changed from 8 hours to 4 hours. 
     Melting point: 197.0°-198.5° C. 
     Elemental analysis: as C 20  H 27  N 5  O 5  ·2.5HCl. 
     Calcd. (%); C, 47.23 H, 5.85 N, 13.77. 
     Found (%); C, 47.28 H, 6.07 N, 13.74. 
     IR (KBr) cm -1  : 2950(br), 2420(br), 1642, 1275 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6  δ ppm): 8.09(1H, s), 7.77(1H, d, J=8.1 Hz), 7.72(1H, d, J=8.6 Hz), 7.41(1H, m), 7.15(1H, m), 5.41(1H, m), 4.94(1H, m), 4.75(1H, m), 4.52 (2H, t, J=6.9 Hz), 2.8-4.3(15H, m), 2.31(2H, m) 
     EXAMPLE 30 
     5-Deoxy-5-[4-[3-(indazol-2-yl)propyl]piperazin-1-yl]-1.4; 3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitrate hydrochloride (Compound 31) 
     Compound 31 was obtained (yield: 28%) in a manner similar to Example 9 except that 1-chloro-3-(indazol-2-yl)propane (Compound i in Reference Example 11) was used in place of 1-chloro-3-(4-methoxyphenylthio)propane and the period for heating under reflux was changed from 8 hours to 4 hours. 
     Melting point: 204.5°-205.5° C. 
     IR (KBr) cm -1  : 2950(br), 2420(br), 1640, 1275 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6 ) 6 (ppm): 8.43(1H, s), 7.71(1H, d, J=8.2 Hz), 7.61(1H, d, J=8.8 Hz), 7.25(1H, m), 7.04(1H, m), 5.42(1H, m), 5.05(1H, m), 4.79(1H, m), 4.58 (2H, t, J=6.7 Hz), 4.09-4.19(1H, m), 4.03-4.09(2H, m), 3.19(2H, t, J=7.8 Hz), 3.0-4.3(10H, m), 2.42 (2H, m) 
     EXAMPLE 31 
     5-[4-[3-(4-Azabenzimidazol-3-yl)propyl]piperazin-1-yl]-5-deoxy-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitrate hydrochloride (Compound 32) 
     1-(4-Azabenzimidazol-3-yl)-3-chloropropane was obtained (yield: 44%) in a manner similar to Reference Example 7 except that 4-azabenzimidazole was used in place of 4-methoxythiophenol. Then, Compound 32 was obtained (yield: 24%) in the same manner as- in Example 9 except that the period for heating under reflux was changed from 8 hours to 6 hours. 
     Melting point: 208.3°-208.8° C. 
     MS (EI) m/z: 418 (M + ) 
     IR (KBr) cm ): 2970(br), 2400(br), 1640, 1274 
     NMR [DMSO-d 6  δ ppm): 9.62(1H, s), 8.65(1H, d, J=4.8 Hz), 8.33(1H, d, J=8.2 Hz), 7.61(1H, dd, J=8.2, 4.8 Hz), 5.43(1H, m), 5.13(1H, m), 4.82(1H, m), 4.61(2H, t, J=6.6 Hz), 4.11-4.22(1H, m), 4.08(2H, m), 3.95-4.05(1H, m), 3.81(1H, m), 3.34-3.74(8H, m), 3.28(2H, t, J=7.7 Hz), 2.47(2H, m) 
     EXAMPLE 32 
     5-Deoxy-5-[4-[3-(5-methoxybenzimidazol-1-yl)propyl]piperazin-1-yl]-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitrate hydrochloride (Compound 33) and 5-deoxy-5-[4-[3-(6-methoxybenzimidazol-1yl)propyl]piperazin-1-yl]-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2nitrate hydrochloride (Compound 34) 
     A mixture of 1-chloro-3-(5-methoxybenzimidazol-1-yl)propane and 1-chloro-3-(6-methoxybenzimidazol-1-yl)propane was obtained (yield: 19%) in a manner similar to Reference Example 7 except that 5-methoxybenzimidazole was used in place of 4-methoxythiophenol. Then, a mixture of Compound 33 and Compound 34 (about 1 :1) was obtained (yield: 38%) in the same manner as in Example 9 except that the period for heating under reflux was changed from 8 hours to 5 hours. 
     Melting point: 227.8°-228.5° C. 
     Elemental analysis: as C 21  H 29  N 5  O 6  ·3HCl. 
     Calcd. (%); C, 45.29 H, 5.79 N, 12.58. 
     Found (%); C, 45.24 H, 5.88 N, 12.49. 
     IR (KBr) cm -1  : 2975(br), 2360(br), 1632, 1275 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6  δ ppm): 9.68 and 9.66(1H, s), 7.20-8.17 (3H, m), 5.42(1H, m), 5.02(1H, m), 4.78(1H, m), 4.65(2H, m), 3.92 and 3.88(3H, s), 3.27(2H, t, J=7.3 Hz), 2.9-4.5(13H, m), 2.42(2H, m) 
     EXAMPLE 33 
     5-[4-[3-(5-Chlorobenzimidazol-1-yl)propyl]piperazin-1-yl]-5-deoxy-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitrate hydrochloride (Compound 35) and 5-[4-[3-(6-chlorobenzimidazol-1-yl)propyl]piperazin-1-yl]-5-deoxy-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitrate hydrochloride (Compound 36) 
     A mixture of 1-chloro-3-(5-chlorobenzimidazol-1-yl)propane and 1-chloro-3-(6-chlorobenzimidazol-1-yl)propane was obtained (yield: 77%) in a manner similar Reference Example 7 except that 5-chlorobenzimidazole was used in place of 4-methoxythiophenol. Then, a mixture of Compound 35 and Compound 36 (about 1 :1) was obtained (yield: 42%) in the same manner as in Example 9 except that the period for heating under reflux was changed from 8 hours to 4 hours. 
     Melting point: 227.0°-228.5° C. 
     Elemental analysis: as C 20  H 26  C1N 5  O 5  ·3HCl. 
     Calcd. (%); C, 42.80 H, 5.21 N, 12.48. 
     Found (%); C, 42.88 H, 5.34 N, 12.41. 
     IR (KBr) cm -1  : 2960(br), 2350(br), 1633, 1276 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6  δ ppm): 9.62 and 9.59(1H, s), 7.58-8.33 (3H, m), 5.42(1H, m), 5.05(1H, m), 4.79(1H, m), 4.63(2H, m), 4.10-4.21(1H, m), 4.04-4.11(2H, m), 3.90-4.01(1H, m), 3.00-3.85(l1H, m), 2.39(2H, m) 
     Example 34 
     5-Deoxy-5-[4-[3-(5,6-dichlorobenzimidazol-1-yl)propyl]-piperazin-1-yl]-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitrate hydrochloride (Compound 37) 
     1-Chloro-3-(5,6-dichlorobenzimidazol-1-yl)propane was obtained (yield: 45%) in a manner similar to Reference Example 7 except that 5,6-dichlorobenzimidazole was used in place of 4-methoxythiophenol. Then, Compound 37 was obtained (yield: 52%) in the same manner as in Example 9 except that the period for heating under reflux was changed from 8 hours to 4 hours. 
     Melting point: 228.0°-229.5° C. 
     Elemental analysis: as C 20  H 25  Cl 2  N 5  O 5  ·3HCl. 
     Calcd. (%); C, 40.32 H, 4.74 N, 11.76. 
     Found (%); C, 40.36 H, 4.80 N, 11.79. 
     IR (KBr) cm -1  : 2965(br), 2350(br), 1642, 1276 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6 ) 6 (ppm): 9.15(1H, s), 8.38(1H, s), 8.08 (1H, s), 5.43(1H, m), 5.09(1H, m), 4.81(1H, m), 4.54(2H, t, J=7.0 Hz), 4.11-4.21(1H, m), 4.03-4.11 (2H, m), 3.92-4.04(1H, m), 3.22(2H, t, J=7.4 Hz), 3.00-3.85(9H, m), 2.34(2H, m) 
     EXAMPLE 35 
     5-[4-(Benzimidazol-2-ylmethyl)piperazin-1-yl]-5-deoxy-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitrate hydrochloride (Compound 38) 
     A mixture of 1.55 g (5.98 mmols) of Compound b obtained in Reference Example 2, 0.97 g (5.82 mmols) of 2-chloromethylbenzimidazole, 1.31 g (8.74 mmols) of sodium iodide and 40 ml of methyl ethyl ketone was heated under reflux for an hour and a half. The mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure, and the residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (eluent: chloroform/methanol =25/1). The product was dissolved in chloroform and to this solution was added ethyl acetate saturated with hydrogen chloride. The mixture was poured into cold diethyl ether and the precipitate crystals were taken out by filtration and dried to afford 1.30 g (yield: 44%) of Compound 38. 
     MS (EI) m/z: 389 (M + ) 
     IR (KBr) cm -1  : 2930(br), 1648, 1278 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6 ) δ (ppm): 7.83(2H, m), 7.55(2H, m), 5.45 (1H, m), 5.30(1H, m), 4.85(1H, m), 4.26(2H, s), 2.7-4.6(14H, m) 
     EXAMPLE 36 
     5-[4-[3-(7-Azaindol-1-yl)propyl]piperazin-1-yl]-5-deoxy-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitrate hydrochloride (Compound 39) 
     1-(7-Azaindol-1-yl)-3--chloropropane was obtained (yield: 72%) in a manner similar to Reference Example 7 except that 7-azaindole was used in place of 4-methoxythiophenol. Then, Compound 39 was obtained (yield: 10%) in the same manner as in Example 9. 
     MS (EI) m/z: 417 (M + ) 
     IR (KBr) cm -1  : 2940(br), 1637, 1277 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6  δ ppm): 8.34(1H, d, J=5.2 Hz), 8.19(1H, d, J=7.7 Hz), 7.72(1H, d, J=3.5 Hz), 7.25(1H, dd, J=7.7, 5.2 Hz), 6.63(1H, d, J=3.5 Hz), 5.42(1H, m), 5.10(1H, m), 4.82(1H, m), 4.46(2H, t, J=6.9 Hz), 3.28-5.00(13H, m), 3.20(2H, t, J=7.8 Hz), 2.30(2H, m) 
     EXAMPLE 37 
     5-Deoxy-5-[4-[3-(5-nitrobenzimidazol-1-yl)propyl]piperazin-1-yl]-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitrate hydrochloride (Compound 40) and 5-deoxy-5-[4-[3-(6-nitrobenzimidazol-1-yl)propyl]piperazin-1-yl]-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitrate hydrochloride (Compound 41) 
     A mixture of 1-chloro-3-(5-nitrobenzimidazol-1-yl)propane and 1-chloro-3-(6-nitrobenzimidazol-1-yl)propane was obtained (yield: 69%) in a manner similar to Reference Example 7 except that 5-nitrobenzimidazole was used in place of 4-methoxythiophenol. Then, a mixture of Compound 40 and Compound 41 (about 58 :42) was obtained (yield: 72%) in the same manner as in Example 9 except that the period for heating under reflux was changed from 8 hours to 5 hours. 
     Melting point: 212°-213° C. 
     MS (FAB) m/z: 463 (M +  +1) 
     IR (KBr) cm -1  : 2990, 2550(br), 1636, 1276 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6  δ ppm): 7.93-9.17(4H, m), 5.43(1H, m), 5.08(1H, m), 4.80(1H, m), 4.51-4.69(2H, m), 3.1 4.4(15H, m), 2.35(2H, m) 
     EXAMPLE 38 
     5-Deoxy-5-[4-[3-(2-methylbenzimidazol-1-yl)propyl]piperazin-1-yl]-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitrate hydrochloride (Compound 42) 
     1-Chloro-3-(2-methylbenzimidazol-1-yl)propane was obtained (yield: 86%) in a manner similar to Reference Example 7 except that 2-methylbenzimidazole was used in place of 4-methoxythiophenol. Then, Compound 42 was obtained (yield: 64%) in the same manner as in Example 9 except that the period for heating under reflux was changed from 8 hours to 5 hours. 
     MS (EI) m/z: 431 (M + ) 
     IR (KBr) cm -1  : 2950(br), 2450(br), 1640, 1277 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6 ) δ (ppm): 8.07(1H, m), 7.81(1H, m), 7.58 (2H, m), 5.42(1H, m), 5.04(1H, m), 4.80(1H, m), 4.57(2H, t, J=7.2 Hz), 3.1-4.4(15H, m), 2.90(3H, s), 2.33(2H, m) 
     EXAMPLE 39 
     5-Deoxy-5-[4-[3-(2-phenylindol-1-yl)propyl]piperazin-1-yl]-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitrate hydrochloride (Compound 3) 
     1-Chloro-3-(2-phenylindol-1-yl)propane was obtained (yield: 60%) in a manner similar to Reference Example 7 except that 2-phenylindole was used in place of 4-methoxythiophenol. Then, Compound 43 was obtained (yield: 57%) in the same manner as in Example 9 except that the period for heating under reflux was changed from 8 hours to 6 hours. 
     MS (EI) m/z: 492 (M + ) 
     IR (KBr) cm -1  : 2960(br), 2400(br), 1641, 1275 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6 ) δ (ppm): 7.4-7.7(7H, m), 7.20(1H, t, J=7.0 Hz), 7.09(1H, t, J=7.0 Hz), 6.55(1H, s), 5.40 (1H, m), 4.96(1H, m), 4.76(1H, m), 4.25(2H, t, J=7.5 Hz), 2.9-4.2(15H, m), 2.07(2H, m) 
     EXAMPLE 40 
     5-Deoxy-5-[4-[3-(3-ethoxycarbonylmethylindol-1-yl)propyl]-piperazin-1-yl]-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitrate hydrochloride (Compound 44) 
     1-Chloro-3-(3-ethoxycarbonylmethylindol-1-yl)propane was obtained (yield: 47%) in a manner similar to Reference Example 7 except that 3-ethoxycarbonylmethylindole (Reference Example 12) was used in place of 4-methoxythiophenol. Then, Compound 44 was obtained (yield: 36%) in the same manner as in Example 9. 
     Melting point: 188.0°-188.5° C. 
     MS (EI) m/z: 502 (M + ) 
     IR (KBr) cm 2980(br), 2410(br), 1729, 1644, 1277 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6 ) δ (ppm): 7.52(2H, m), 7.34(1H, s), 7.16 (1H, t, J=9.1 Hz), 7.04(1H, t, J=7.7 Hz), 5.41(1H, m), 5.01(1H, m), 4.79(1H, m), 4.26(2H, t, J=7.1 Hz), 4.08(2H, q, J=7.1 Hz), 3.73(2H, s), 3.0-4.4(15H, m), 2.21(2H, m), 1.19(3H, t, J=7.1 Hz) 
     EXAMPLE 41 
     5-[4-[3-[4,5-Bis(ethoxycarbonyl)imidazol-1-yl]propyl]-piperazin-1-yl]-5-deoxy-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2nitrate hydrochloride (Compound 45) 
     1-Chloro-3-[4,5-bis(ethoxycarbonyl)imidazol-1yl]propane was obtained (yield: 65%) in a manner similar to Reference Example 7 except that 4,5-bis(ethoxycarbonyl)imidazole (Reference Example 13) was used in place of 4methoxythiophenol. Then, Compound 45 was obtained (yield: in the same manner as in Example 9. 
     Melting point 196.5°-197.0° C. 
     Elemental analysis: as C 22  H 33  N 5  O 9  ·3HCl. 
     Calcd. (%); C, 42.56 H, 5.84 N, 11.28. 
     Found (%); C, 42.19 H, 5.93 N, 11.15. 
     IR (KBr) cm -1  : 2986, 2400(br), 1717, 1636, 1272 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6 ) δ (ppm): 8.10(1H, s), 5.43(1H, m), 5.15 (1H, m), 4.84(1H, m), 4.12-4.41(7H, m), 4.07(2H, m), 3.95-4.06(1H, m), 3.24-3.94(9H, m), 3.17(2H, t, J=7.6 Hz), 2.21(2H, m), 1.20-1.35(6H, m) 
     EXAMPLE 42 
     5-[4-[3-(4,5-dicarboxyimidazole-1-yl)propyl]piperazin-1-yl]-5-deoxy-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitrate (Compound 46) 
     A mixture of 1.32 g (2.58 mmols) of the free form of Compound 45 obtained in Example 41, 0.68 g (17.00 mmols) of sodium hydroxide, 20 ml of water, 20 ml of ethanol and 40 ml of tetrahydrofuran was stirred at room temperature for 10 hours, and then, the pH of the reaction mixture was adjusted with dil. hydrochloric acid to pH 6 -7. The solution was concentrated to less than the half volume and the precipitated crystals were taken out by filtration and dried to afford 0.78 g (yield: 66%) of Compound 46. 
     Melting point: 202°-205° C. 
     MS (FAB) m/z: 456 (M +  +1) 
     IR (KBr) cm -1  : 3470(br), 3000, 1651, 1627, 1599, 1287 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6 ) 6 (ppm): 9.9(1H, brs), 7.76(1H, s), 5.36 (1H, m), 4.65(2H, m), 4.50(2H, t, J=6.1 Hz), 3.90 4.07(3H, m), 2.25-3.70(12H, m), 2.13(2H, m) 
     EXAMPLE 43 
     5-Deoxy-5-[4-[3-(5-ethoxycarbonylbenzimidazol-1-yl)propyl]-piperazin-1-yl]-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitrate hydrochloride (Compound 47) and 5-deoxy-5-[4-[3-(6-ehoxycarbonylbenzimidazol-1-yl)propyl]piperazin-1-yl]-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitrate hydrochloride (Compound 48) 
     5-Ethoxycarbonylbenzimidazole was obtained (yield: 100%) in a manner similar to Reference Example 12 except that benzimidazole-5-carboxylic acid was used in place of indole-3-acetic acid. Then, a mixture of 1-chloro-3-(5-ethoxycarbonylbenzimidazol-1-yl)propane and 1-chloro-3-(6-ethoxycarbonylbenzimidazol-1-yl)propane was obtained (yield: 58%) in the same manner as in Reference Example 7. Thereafter, a mixture of Compound 47 and Compound 48 (about 49 : 51) was obtained (yield: 44%) in the same manner as in Example 9 except that the period for heating under reflux was changed from 8 hours to 5 hours. 
     Melting point: 219.5°-222.0° C. 
     Elemental analysis: as C 23  H 31  N 5  O 7  ·3HCl. 
     Calcd. (%); C, 46. , 5.72 N, 11.69. 
     Found (%); C, 46.17 H, 5.84 N, 11.66. 
     IR (KBr) cm -1  : 2980, 2370(br), 1712, 1633, 1276 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6 ) 6 (ppm): 9.66 and 9.56(1H, s), 8.60 and 8.40(1H, s), 7.94-8.18(2H, m), 5.42(1H, m), 5.04 (1H, m), 4.79(1H, m), 3.10-4.77(17H, m), 2.41(2H, m), 1.33-1.43(3H, m) 
     EXAMPLE 44 
     5-[4-[3-(5-Carboxybenzimidazol-1-yl)propyl]piperazin-1-yl]-5-deoxy-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitrate (Compound 49) and 5-[4-[3-(6-carboxybenzimidazol-1-yl)propyl]piperazin-1-yl]-5-deoxy-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitrate (Compound 50) 
     A mixture of 1.34 g (2.74 mmols) of the free form of the mixture (about 49 :51) of Compound 47 and Compound 48 obtained in Example 43, 0.70 g (17.50 mmols) of sodium hydroxide, 20 ml of water, 20 ml of ethanol and 40 ml of tetrahydrofuran was stirred at room temperature for 9 hours, and then, the pH of the reaction mixture was adjusted with dil. hydrochloric acid to pH 6 -7. The mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure, and the residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (eluent: chloroform/methanol =3/1) and recrystallized from isopropyl alcohol-water-acetone. The crystals were taken out by filtration and dried to afford 0.65 g (yield: 51%) of the mixture of Compound 49 and Compound 50. 
     IR (KBr) cm -1  : 3400(br), 2950, 2822, 1626, 1590, 1275 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6  δ ppm): 7.53-8.34(4H, m), 5.36(1H, m), 4.61(2H, m), 4.20-4.38(2H, m), 3.90-4.06(3H, m), 3.58(1H, m), 2.80(1H, m), 2.10-2.42(10H, m), 1.95 (2H, m) 
     EXAMPLE 45 
     5-Deoxy-5-[4-[3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenoxy)propyl]piperazin-1-yl]-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitrate hydrochloride (Compound 51) 
     1-Chloro-3-(3,4-5-trimethoxyphenoxy)propane was obtained (yield: 68%) in a manner similar to Reference Example 7 except that 3,4,5-trimethoxyphenol was used in place of 4-methoxythiophenol. Then, Compound 51 was obtained (yield: 76%) in the same manner as in Example 9 except that the period for heating under reflux was changed from 8 hours to 5 hours. 
     Melting point: 207.5°-208.0° C. 
     Elemental analysis: as C 22  H 33  N 3  O 9  ·2HCl. 
     Calcd. (%); C, 47.49 H, 6.34 N, 7.55. 
     Found (%); C, 47.16 H, 6.41 N, 7.51. 
     IR (KBr) cm -1  : 2970(br), 2400(br), 1645, 1593, 1276, 1127 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6 ) δ (ppm): 6.26(2H, s), 5.42(1H, m), 5.04 (1H, m), 4.80(1H, m), 3.76(6H, s), 3.58(3H, s), 3.15-4.60(17H, m), 2.18(2H, m) 
     EXAMPLE 46 
     5-Deoxy-5-[4-[3-(3,5-dimethoxyphenoxy)propyl]piperazin-1yl]-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitrate hydrochloride (Compound 52) 
     1-Chloro-3-(3,5-dimethoxyphenoxy)propane was obtained (yield: 68%) in a manner similar to Reference Example 7 except that 3,5-dimethoxyphenol was used in place of 4-methoxythiophenol. Then, Compound 52 was obtained (yield: 78%) in the same manner as in Example 9 except that the period for heating under reflux was changed from 8 hours to 5 hours. 
     Melting point: 198.5°-199.0° C. 
     MS (EI) m/z: 453 (M + ) 
     IR (KBr) cm -1  : 2970(br), 2420(br), 1645, 1600, 1276, 1151 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6  δ ppm): 6.11(3H, s), 5.42(1H, m), 5.03 (1H, m), 4.80(1H, m), 3.71(6H, s), 3.15-4.60(17H, m), 2.19(2H, m) 
     EXAMPLE 47 
     5-Deoxy-5-[4-[3-(3,5-dimethylphenoxy)propyl]piperazin-1-yl]-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitrate hydrochloride (Compound 53) 
     1-Chloro-3-(3,5-dimethylphenoxy)propane was obtained (yield, 69%) in a manner similar to Reference Example 7 except that 3,5-dimethylphenol was used in place of 4-methoxythiophenol. Then, Compound 53 was obtained (yield: 68%) in the same manner as in Example 9 except that the period for heating under reflux was changed from 8 hours to 5 hours. 
     Melting point: 202.0°-202.5° C. 
     MS (EI) m/z: 421 (M + ) 
     IR (KBr) cm -1  : 2950(br), 2410(br), 1631, 1274 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6  δ ppm): 6.58(1H, s), 6.56(2H, s), 5.42 (1H, m), 5.02(1H, m), 4.80(1H, m), 3.05-4.50(17H, m), 2.23(6H, s), 2.17(2H, m) 
     EXAMPLE 48 
     5-Deoxy-5-[4-[3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-trans-2-propenoyl]-piperazin-1-yl]-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitrate hydrochloride (Compound 54) 
     A mixture of 1.20 g (5.04 mmols) of trans -3&#39;, 4&#39;, 5&#39;-trimethoxycinnamic acid, 1.4 ml (10.04 mmols) of triethylamine and 12 ml of a solvent mixture of 2-butanol and acetonitrile (5/1) was stirred at 0° C., and to the solution was dropwise added 1.6 ml of a solution of 0.57 g (5.25 mmols) of ethyl chloroformate in a solvent- mixture of 2-butanol and acetonitrile (5/1). The mixture was stirred at room temperature for further 15 minutes. Then, 6 ml of a solution of 1.30 g (5.01 mmols) of Compound b in a solvent mixture of 2-butanol and acetonitrile (5/1) was dropwise added to the reaction mixture followed by stirring the solution at room temperature for 50 minutes. The mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure, and the residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (eluent: chloroform/methanol =3/1). The product was dissolved in chloroform and to the solution was added ethyl acetate saturated with hydrogen chloride. The mixture was poured into cold diethyl ether and the precipitated crystals were taken out by filtration and dried to afford 1.19 g (yield: 46%) of Compound 54. 
     Melting point: 161°-168° C. 
     MS (FAB) m/z: 480 (M +  1) 
     IR (KBr) cm -1  : 2940(br), 2432(br), 1640, 1600, 1276, 1122 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6 ) 6 (ppm): 7.51(1H, d, J=15.3 Hz), 7.21(1H, d, J=15.3 Hz), 7.07(2H, s), 5.44(1H, m), 5.33(1H, m), 4.87(1H, m), 3.83(6H, s), 3.69(3H, s), 2.95 4.75(13H, m) 
     EXAMPLE 49 
     5-Deoxy-5-[4-(2-nitrophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol (Compound 100) 
     A mixture of 5.0 g (23.3 mmols) of Compound a obtained in Reference Example 1, 23.7 g (117.3 mmols) of 2-bromonitrobenzene, 6.5 g (47.0 mmols) of potassium carbonate, 1.6 g (25.2 mmols) of copper powders and 50 ml of methyl ethyl ketone was heated under reflux for 16 hours. The mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure, water and chloroform were added to the residue, and the mixture was filtered. The chloroform layer in the filtrate was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. The solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure, and the residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (eluent: chloroform/methanol =25/1) to afford 7.8 g (quantitative) of Compound 100. 
     NMR (CDC13δ ppm): 6.9-7.8(4H, m), 4.72(1H, m), 4.38 (1H, m), 4.27(1H, m), 3.51-4.15(4H, m), 2.4-3.2 (9H, m) 
     EXAMPLE 50 
     5-Deoxy-5-[4-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitrate hydrochloride (Compound 55) and 5-deoxy-5-[4-(2,6-dinitrophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitrate hydrochloride (Compound 56) 
     2.44 ml of fumed nitric acid was cooled to 0° C., and 4.8 ml of acetonitrile and 4.8 ml of acetic anhydride were added thereto. Furthermore, 15.5 ml of a solution of 3.97 g (11.8 mmols) of Compound 55 obtained in Example 49 in acetonitrile was dropwise added to the mixture over 15 minutes. The mixture was stirred at 0° C. for further 20 minutes. An aqueous saturated sodium bicarbonate solution was added to the mixture to neutralize the mixture followed by extraction of the solution with chloroform. The chloroform layer was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. The solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure, and the residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (eluent: chloroform). The product obtained from the first fraction was dissolved in chloroform, and to the solution was added ethyl acetate saturated with hydrogen chloride. The mixture was poured into cold diethyl ether and the precipitated crystals were taken out by filtration and dried to afford 0.36 g (yield: 6%) of Compound 56. 
     Then, 2.25 g (yield: 38%) of Compound 55 was obtained from the second fraction in a similar manner. 
     Compound 55 
     Melting point: 84°-88° C. 
     MS (EI) m/z: 425 (M + ) 
     IR (KBr) cm -1  : 2940(br), 2400(br), 1639, 1605, 1527, 1338, 1276 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6 ) δ (ppm): 8.70(1H, s), 8.36(1H, d, J=9.5 Hz), 7.54(1H, d, J=9.5 Hz), 5.44(1H, m), 5.29 (1H, m), 4.85(1H, m), 2.9-4.3(13H, m) 
     Compound 56 
     Melting point: 204.5°-205.0° C. 
     MS (EI) m/z: 425 (M + ) 
     IR (KBr) cm -1  : 2864(br), 2180(br), 1641, 1533, 1344, 1273 
     NMR (DMSO-d δ ppm): 8.21(2H, d, J=8.1 Hz), 7.62(1H, t, J=8.1 Hz), 5.43(1H, m), 5.25(1H, m), 4.81(1H, m), 4.16-4.30(1H, m), 3.87-4.16(3H, m), 2.80-3.85 (9H, m) 
     EXAMPLE 51 
     5-[4-[2-(Benzimidazol-2-yl)ethyl]piperazin-1-yl]-5-deoxy-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitrate hydrochloride (Compound 57) 
     A mixture of 2.61 g (10.07 mmols) of Compound b, 2.54 g (7.98 mmols) of 1-methanesulfonyl-2-(2-methanesulfonyloxyethyl)benzimidazole (Reference Example 14), 30 ml (21.51 mmols) of triethylamine and 60 ml of n-butanol was heated under reflux for 2 hours and a half. The mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure, and the residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (eluent: chloroform/methanol =20/1). The product was dissolved in chloroform, and to the solution was added ethyl acetate saturated with hydrogen chloride. The mixture was poured into cold diethyl ether and the precipitated crystals were taken out by filtration and dried to afford 0.98 g (yield: 24%) of Compound 57. 
     Melting point: 77°-79° C. 
     IR (KBr) cm -1  : 2970(br), 2570(br), 1640, 1273 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6 ) 6 (ppm): 7.81(2H, m), 7.55(2H, m), 5.42 (1H, m), 5.10(1H, m), 4.81(1H, m), 3.0-4.8(17H, m) 
     EXAMPLE 52 
     5-[4-(Benzothiazol-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl]-5-deoxy-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitrate hydrochloride (Compound 58) 
     A mixture of 0.90 g (3.47 mmols) of Compound b, 0.57 g (3.36 mmols) of 2-chlorobenzothiazole, 0.52 g (3.76 mmols) of potassium carbonate and 25 ml of n-butanol was heated under reflux for 7 hours. The mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure, and the residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (eluent: chloroform/methanol =50/1). The product was converted into the salt in a manner similar to Example 51 to afford 0.29 g (yield: 18%) of Compound 58. 
     Melting point: 225.0°-229.5° C. 
     MS (EI) m/z: 392 (M + ) 
     IR (KBr) cm -1  : 2975(br), 2422(br), 1636, 1277 
     NMR (DMSO-d δ ppm): 7.85(1H, d, J=7.5 Hz), 7.55(1H, d, J=7.5 Hz), 7.34(1H, dd, J=9.0, 7.5 Hz), 7.16(1H, dd, J=9.0, 7.5 Hz), 5.45(1H, m), 5.34(1H, m), 4.87 (1H, m), 3.1-4.9(13H, m) 
     EXAMPLE 53 
     5-[4-(Benzoxazol-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl]-5-deoxy-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitrate hydrochloride (Compound 59) 
     Compound 59 was obtained (yield: 28%) in a manner similar to Example 52 except that 2-chlorobenzoxazole was used in place of 2-chlorobenzothiazole and the period for heating under reflux was changed from 7 hours to an hour and a half. 
     Melting point: 232.3°-232.9° C. 
     MS (EI) m/z: 376 (M + ) . 
     IR (KBr) cm -1  : 3024, 2360(br), 1733, 1640, 1280 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6 ) δ (ppm): 7.47 (1H, d, J=7.8 Hz), 7.37(1H, d, J=7.8 Hz), 7.21(1H, dd, J=9.0, 7.8 Hz), 7.10(1H, dd, J=9.0, 7.8 Hz), 5.44(1H, m), 5.34(1H, m), 4.87 (1H, m), 3.2-4.9(13H, m) 
     EXAMPLE 54 
     5-Deoxy-5-[4-(1-phenyl-1H-tetrazol-5-yl)piperazin-1-yl-]-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitrate hydrochloride (Compound 60) 
     A mixture of 1.20 g (4.64 mmols) of Compound b, 0.84 g (4.65 mmols) of 5-chloro-1-phenyl-1H-tetrazole, 0.64 ml (4.64 mmols) of triethylamine and 20 ml of methyl ethyl ketone was heated under reflux for 10 hours. The mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure, and an aqueous saturated sodium bicarbonate was added to the residue. Extraction was performed with chloroform, and the extract was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. The solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (eluent: chloroform/methanol =40/1). The product was converted into the salt in a manner similar to Example 51 to afford 1.20 g (yield: 51%) of Compound 60. 
     Melting point: 136.5°-137.0° C. 
     MS (EI) m/z: 403 (M + ) 
     NMR (DMSO-d δ ppm): 7.55-7.80(5H, m), 5.42(1H, m), 5.22(1H, m), 4.82(1H, m), 3.97-4.26(4H, m), 2.9 4.0(9H, m) 
     EXAMPLE 55 
     5-Deoxy-5-[4-[2-(3,5-dimethoxyphenoxy)ethyl]piperazin-1-yl]-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitrate hydrochloride (Compound 61) 
     1-Chloro-2-(3,5-dimethoxyphenoxy)ethane was obtained (yield: 5%) in a manner similar to Reference Example 7 except that 3,5-dimethoxyphenol and 1-bromo-2-chloroethane were used in place of 4-methoxythiophenol and 1-bromo-3-chloropropane, respectively. Then, Compound 61 was obtained (yield: 52%) in the same manner as in Example 9 except that the period for heating under reflux was changed from 8 hours to 15 hours. 
     Melting point: 207.0° C. 
     Elemental analysis: as C 20  H 29  N 3  O 8  ·2HCl. 
     Calcd. (%); C, 46.88 H, 6.10 N, 8.20. 
     Found (%); C, 46.65 H, 6.15 N, 7.95. 
     IR (KBr) cm -1  : 2960(br), 2340(br), 1634, 1605, 1276 
     NMR (DMSO-d ) 6 (ppm): 6.19(2H, s), 6.16(1H, s), 5.42 (1H, m), 5.05(1H, m), 4.80(1H, m), 4.39(2H, m), 4.09-4.21(1H, m), 4.02-4.10(2H, m), 3.87-4.01(1H, m), 3.72(6H, s), 3.00-3.85(l1H, m) 
     EXAMPLE 56 
     5-[4-[2-(Benzimidazol-1-yl)ethyl]piperazin-1-yl]-5-deoxy-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitrate hydrochloride (Compound 62) 
     5 1-(Benzimidazol-1-yl)-2-chloroethane was obtained (yield: 24%) in a manner similar to Reference Example 7 except that benzimidazole and 1-bromo-2-chloroethane were used in place of 4-methoxythiophenol and 1-bromo-3-chloropropane, respectively. Then, Compound 62 was obtained (yield: 47%) in the same manner as in Example 9 except that the period for heating under reflux was changed from 8 hours to 18  hours. 
     Melting point: 204°-205° C. 
     MS (EI) m/z: 403 (M + ) 
     IR (KBr) cm 2975(br), 2375(br), 1637, 1450, 1274 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6 ) 6 (ppm): 9.85(1H, s), 8.14(1H, m), 7.91 (1H, m), 7.58-7.72(2H, m), 5.42(1H, m), 5.17(1H, m), 4.91(2H, m), 4.82(1H, m), 2.9-4.8(15H, m) 
     EXAMPLE 57 
     5-Deoxy-5-[4-[2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenoxy)ethyl]piperazin-1-yl]-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitrate hydrochloride (Compound 63) 
     1-Chloro-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenoxy)ethane was obtained (yield: 11%) in a manner similar to Reference Example 7 except that 3,4,5-trimethoxyphenol and 1-bromo-2-chloroethane were used in place of 4-methoxythiophenol and 1-bromo-3-chloropropane, respectively. Then, Compound 63 was obtained (yield: 36%) in the same manner as in Example 9. 
     Melting point: 199°-200° C. 
     MS (EI) m/z: 469 (M + ) 
     IR (KBr) cm -1  : 2980(br), 2190(br), 1632, 1598, 1506 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6 ) δ (ppm): 6.35(2H, s), 5.43(1H, m), 5.05 (1H, m), 4.80(1H, m), 4.40(2H, m), 4.10-4.21(1H, s), 3.59(3H, s), 3.1-3.9(l1H, m) 
     EXAMPLE 58 
     5-Deoxy-5-[4-(2-methoxyphenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitrate hydrochloride (Compound 64) 
     A mixture of 1.90 g (10.00 mmols) of 5-amino-5-deoxy-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitrate as described in Japanese Published Unexamined Patent Application No. 58692/82 [U.S. Pat. No.4542137 and EP-B No. 44927], 4.47 g (18.01 mmols) of o-[N,N-bis(chloroethyl)amino]anisole (Reference Example 15), 2.8 ml (20.08 mmols) of triethylamine, 8.00 g (53.37 mmols) of sodium iodide and 50 ml of methyl ethyl ketone was heated under reflux for 38 hours. The mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure, and the residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (eluent: chloroform). The product was converted into the salt in a manner similar to Example 51 to afford 1.75 g (yield: 40%) of Compound 64. 
     Melting point: 202.1°-207.3° C. 
     MS (EI) m/z: 365 (M + ) 
     IR (KBr) cm -1  : 2980(br), 2350(br), 1643, 1456, 1277 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6  δ ppm): 6.87-7.10(4H, m), 5.45(1H, m), 5.35(1H, m), 4.86(1H, m), 3.80(3H, s), 2.90-4.65 (13H, m) 
     EXAMPLE 59 
     5-[4-[4-Cyano-5-methyl-4-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)hexyl]-piperazin-1-yl]-5-deoxy-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitrate hydrochloride (Compound 65) 
     Compound 65 was obtained (yield: 50%) in a manner similar to Example 9 except that 4-cyano-5-methyl-4-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)hexyl chloride (Reference Example 16) was used in place of 1-chloro-3-(4-methoxyphenylthio)propane and the period for heating under reflux was changed from 8 hours to 17 hours. 
     Melting point: 112° C. 
     MS (EI) m/z: 548 (M + ) 
     IR (KBr) cm -1  : 2960(br), 2430(br), 1644, 1590, 1277, 1125 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6 ) 6 (ppm): 6.68(2H, s), 5.41(1H, m), 4.98 (1H, m), 4.77(1H, m), 3.82(6H, s), 3.68(3H, s), 2.95-4.70(15H, m), 2.05-2.35(3H, m), 1.63(1H, m), 1.36(1H, m), 1.12(3H, d, J=6.6 Hz), 0.72(3H, d, J=6.6 Hz) 
     EXAMPLE 60 
     5-Deoxy-5-[4-(7-methyl-s-triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-5-yl)-piperazin-1-yl]-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitrate hydrochloride (Compound 66) 
     Compound 66 was obtained (yield: 49%) in a manner similar to Example 5 except that 5-chloro-7-methyl-s-triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine [Monat. Chem., 118, 601 (1987)], was used in place of 7-chloro-5-methyl-s-triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine and the stirring time was changed from 40 minutes to 7 hours. 
     Melting point: 228.0°-230.0° C. 
     MS (FAB) m/z: 392 (M +  +I) 
     IR (KBr) cm -1  : 2522(br), 1673, 1638, 1538, 1277 
     NMR (DMSO-d δ ppm): 8.80(1H, s), 7.27(1H, s), 5.45 (1H, m), 5.34(1H, m), 4.88(1H, m), 3.1-5.6(13H, m), 2.66(3H, s) 
     EXAMPLE 61 
     5-Deoxy-5-[4-[3-(7-hydroxy-4,6-dimethylbenzimidazol-1-yl)propyl]piperazin-1-yl]-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitrate hydrochloride (Compound 67) and 5-deoxy-5-[4-[3-(4-hydroxy-5,7-dimethylbenzimidazol-1-yl)propyl]piperazin-1-yl]-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitrate hydrochloride (Compound 68) 
     A mixture of Compound 67 and Compound 68 (about 1 :1) was obtained (yield: 63%) in a manner similar to Example 9 except that a mixture of 1-(3-chloropropyl)-7-hydroxy-4,6-dimethylbenzimidazole and 1-(3-chloropropyl)-4-hydroxy-5,7-dimethylbenzimidazole (Reference Example 17) was used in place of 1-chloro-3-(4-methoxyphenylthio)propane and the period for heating under reflux was changed from 8 hours to 15 hours. 
     Melting point: 206°-209° C. 
     MS (FAB) m/z: 462 (M +  +1) 
     IR (KBr) cm -1  : 2980(br), 2570(br), 1638, 1275 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6  δ ppm): 9.67 and 9.57(1H, s), 7.51 and 7.33(1H, s), 7.12 and 7.10(1H, s), 5.39(1H, m), 4.81(1H, m), 4.61-4.78(3H, m), 2.63 and 2.47(3H, s), 2.33 and 2.29(3H, s), 2.1-4.4(17H, m) 
     EXAMPLE 62 
     5-Deoxy-5-[4-(quinolin-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl]-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitrate hydrochloride (Compound 69) 
     Compound 69 was obtained (yield: 17%) in a manner similar to Example 54 except that 2-chloroquinoline was used in place of 5-chloro-1-phenyl-1H-tetrazole and the period for heating under reflux was changed from 10 hours to 20 hours. 
     Melting point: 219° C. 
     Elemental analysis: as C 19  H 22  N 4  O 5  ·2.6HCl. 
     Calcd. (%); C, 47.42 H, 5.15 N, 11.64. 
     Found (%); C, 47.40 H, 5.21 N, 11.74. 
     IR (KBr) cm -1  : 2960(br), 2360(br), 1644, 1276 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6 ) δ (ppm): 8.47(1H, d, J=9.6 Hz), 8.29(1H, d, J=7.3 Hz), 7.94(1H, d, J=7.3 Hz), 7.79(1H, t, J=7.3 Hz), 7.59(1H, d, J=9.6 Hz), 7.51(1H, t, J=7.3 Hz), 5.45(1H, m), 5.33(1H, m), 4.89(1H, m), 2.8-5.0(13H, m) 
     EXAMPLE 63 
     5-Deoxy-5-[4-(2-phenoxyethyl)piperazin-1-yl]-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitrate hydrochloride (Compound 70) 
     1-Chloro-2-phenoxyethane was obtained (yield: 10%) in a manner similar to Reference Example 7 except that phenol and 1-bromo-2-chloroethane were used in place of 4-methoxythiophenol and 1-bromo-3-chloropropane. Then, Compound 70 was obtained (yield: 48%) in the same manner as in Example 9. 
     Melting point: 198.0°-199.5° C. 
     Elemental analysis: as C 18  H 25  N 3  O 6  ·2HCl. 
     Calcd. (%); C, 47.80 H, 6.02 N, 9.29. 
     Found (%); C, 47.67 H, 6.13 N, 9.23. 
     IR (KBr) cm -1  : 2950(br), 2240(br), 1634, 1597, 1274 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6 ) 6 (ppm): 7.33(2H, m), 6.95-7.08(3H, m), 5.42(1H, m), 5.07(1H, m), 4.81(1H, m), 4.42(2H, m), 4.09-4.20(1H, m), 4.01-4.10(2H, m), 3.88-4.01 (1H, m), 2.9-3.9(l1H, m) 
     EXAMPLE 64 
     5-Deoxy-5-[4-(pyrimidin-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl]-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitrate hydrochloride (Compound 71) 
     Compound 71 was obtained (yield: 41%) in a manner similar to Example 54 except that 2-chloropyrimidine was used in place of 5-chloro-1-phenyl-1H-tetrazole. 
     Melting point: 186°-188° C. 
     MS (EI) m/z: 337 (M + ) 
     IR (KBr) cm -1  : 3572, 3418, 2675(br), 2375(br), 1637 (br), 1282 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6 ) δ (ppm): 8.46(2H, d, J=4.9 Hz), 6.78(1H, t, J=4.9 Hz), 5.44(1H, m), 5.34(1H, m), 4.86(1H, m), 2.9-5.8(13H, m) 
     EXAMPLE 65 
     5-Deoxy-5-[4-(4-phenylthiobutyl)piperazin-1-yl]-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitrate hydrochloride (Compound 72) 
     1-Chloro-4-phenylthiobutane was obtained (yield: 87%) in a manner similar to Reference Example 7 except that thiophenol and 1-bromo-4-chlorobutane were used in place of 4-methoxythiophenol and 1-bromo-3-chloropropane, respectively. Then, Compound 72 was obtained (yield: 64%) in the same manner as in Example 9. 
     Melting point: 195.5°-197.5° C. 
     Elemental analysis: as C 20  H 29  N 3  O 5  S·2HCl. 
     Calcd. (%); C, 48.39 H, 6.29 N, 8.46. 
     Found (%); C, 48.29 H, 6.36 N, 8.23. 
     IR (KBr) cm -1  : 2960(br), 2400(br), 1648, 1278 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6 ) δ (ppm): 7.25-7.41(4H, m), 7.19(1H, m), 5.42(1H, m), 5.05(1H, m), 4.80(1H, m), 4.09-4.21 (1H, m), 4.01-4.09(2H, m), 3.86-3.99(1H, m), 3.14 (2H, t, J=7.9 Hz), 3.05-3.80(9H, m), 3.00(2H, t, J=7.2 Hz), 1.84(2H, m), 1.61(2H, m) 
     EXAMPLE 66 
     5-Deoxy-5-[4-(3-phenylthiopropyl)piperazin-1-yl]-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-D-mannitol 2-nitrate hydrochloride (Compound 95) 
     A mixture of 1.51 g (7.94 mmols) of 5-amino-5-deoxy-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-D-mannitol 2-nitrate (Japanese Published Unexamined Patent Application No. 58692/82 [U.S. Pat. No. 4,542,137 and EP-B No. 44927]), 2.84 g (9.72 mmols) of 1-bis(chloroethyl)amino-3-phenylthiopropane (Reference Example 18), 3.0 ml (21.5 mmols) of triethylamine, 13.0 g (86.7 mmols) of sodium iodide and 50 ml of methyl ethyl ketone was heated under reflux for 10 hours. The mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure, and the residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (eluent: chloroform/methanol =50/1). The product was converted into the salt basically according to the method of Example 51 to afford 1.00 g (yield: 26%) of Compound 95. 
     Melting point: 197°-199° C. 
     MS (EI) m/z: 409 (M + ) 
     IR (KBr) cm -1  : 2980(br), 2475(br), 1651, 1292 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6 ) δ (ppm): 7.25-7.45(4H, m), 7.16-7.27(1H, m), 5.55(1H, m), 4.99(1H, m), 4.67(1H, m), 3.06 (2H, t, J=7.2 Hz), 2.7-4.6(15H, m), 2.03(2H, m) 
     EXAMPLE 67 
     2-Deoxy-2-[4-(3-phenylthiopropyl)piperazin-1-yl]-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-D-glucitol 5-nitrate hydrochloride (Compound 96) 
     Compound 96 was obtained (yield: 71%) in a manner similar to Example 9 except that Compound c obtained in Reference Example 3 and 1-chloro-3-phenylthiopropane (Reference Example 6) were used in place of Compound b and 1-chloro-3-(4-methoxyphenylthio)propane, respectively. 
     Melting point: 198.5°-201.0° C. 
     MS (EI) m/z: 409 (M + ) 
     IR (KBr) cm -1  : 2960(br), 2440(br), 1649, 1280 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6 ) δ (ppm): 7.26-7.44(4H, m), 7.17-7.27(1H, m), 5.56(1H, m), 5.00(1H, dd, J=5.3, 5.3 Hz), 4.67 (1H, m), 3.06(2H, t, J=7.2 Hz), 3.0-4.4(15H, m), 2.03(2H, m) 
     EXAMPLE 68 
     5-Deoxy-5-[4-(3-phenylthiopropyl)piperazin-1-yl]-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-D-glucitol 2-nitrate hydrochloride (Compound 97) 
     Compound 97 was obtained (yield: 80%) in a manner similar to Example 9 except that Compound d obtained in Reference Example 4 and 1-chloro-3-phenylthiopropane (Reference Example 6) were used in place of Compound b and 1-chloro-3-(4-methoxyphenylthio)propane, respectively. 
     Melting point: 204.5°-205.5° C. 
     MS (EI) m/z: 409 (M + ) 
     IR (KBr) cm -1  : 2990(br), 2350(br), 1656, 1275 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6 ) δ (ppm): 7.28-7.45(4H, m), 7.18-7.27(1H, m), 5.48(1H, m), 4.80-4.83(2H, m), 4.17-4.34(2H, m), 4.03-4.12(1H, m), 3.23(2H, t, J=7.9 Hz), 3.06 (2H, t, J=7.2 Hz), 2.9-4.2(10H, m), 2.03(2H, m) 
     EXAMPLE 69 
     5-[4-[3-(Benzimidazol-1-yl)propyl]piperazin-1-yl]-5-deoxy-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-D-glucitol 2-nitrate hydrochloride hydrate (Compound 98) 
     Compound 98 was obtained (yield: 39%) in a manner similar to Example 22 except that Compound d obtained in Reference Example 4 was used in place of Compound b. 
     Elemental analysis: as C 20  H 27  N 5  O 5  ·2.7HCl·3.7H 2  O. 
     Calcd. (%); C, 41.23 H, 6.42 N, 12.02. 
     Found (%); C, 41.23 H, 6.32 N, 11.92. 
     IR (KBr) cm -1  : 2970(br), 2460(br), 1638, 1275 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6 ) δ (ppm): 9.80(1H, s), 8.14(1H, m), 7.91 (1H, m), 7.59-7.72(2H, m), 5.49(1H, m), 4.90(1H, m), 4.68(1H, m), 2.8-4.5(17H, m), 2.43(2H, m) 
     EXAMPLE 70 
     5-Deoxy-5-[4-(3-phenylthiopropyl)homopiperazin-1-yl]-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitrate hydrochloride (Compound 99) 
     Compound 99 was obtained (yield: 53%) in a manner similar to Example 9 except that Compound e obtained in Reference Example 5 and 1-chloro-3-phenylthiopropane (Reference Example 6) were used in place of Compound b and 1-chloro-3-(4-methoxyphenylthio)propane, respectively. 
     MS (EI) m/z: 423 (M + ) 
     IR (KBr) cm -1  : 2940, 2580(br), 1636, 1276 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6 ) δ (ppm): 7.28-7.46(4H, m), 7.17-7.28(1H, m), 5.44(1H, m), 5.20(1H, m), 4.85(1H, m), 3.1 4.3(15H, m), 3.05(2H, t, J=7.2 Hz), 2.22(2H, m), 1.99(2H, m) 
     EXAMPLE 71 
     5-Deoxy-5-[4-(3-phenylthiopropyl)piperazin-1-yl]-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol hydrochloride (Compound 101) 
     Compound 101 was obtained (yield: 27%) in a manner similar to Example 1 except that Compound a obtained in Reference Example 1 was used in place of Compound b. 
     MS (FAB) m/z: 365 (M +  +1) 
     IR (KBr) cm -1  : 3410(br), 2975, 2420(br), 1442, 1073 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6 ) δ (ppm): 11.71(1H, br), 7.29-7.45(4H, m), 7.17-7.27(1H, m), 4.99(1H, m), 4.36(1H, m), 3.99 4.13(2H, m), 3.87(1H, m), 3.15-3.82(13H, m), 3.06 (2H, t, J=7.2 Hz), 2.01(2H, m) 
     EXAMPLE 72 
     5-Deoxy-5-[4-(3-phenoxypropyl)piperazin-1-yl]-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol hydrochloride (Compound 102) 
     Compound 102 was obtained (yield: 65%) in a manner similar to Example 20 except that Compound a obtained in Reference Example 1 was used in place of Compound b. 
     Melting point: 235.0°-235.5° C 
     Elemental analysis: as C 19  H 28  N 2  O 4  ·2HCl. 
     Calcd. (%); C, 54.16 H, 7.18 N, 6.65. 
     Found (%); C, 54.12 H, 7.14 N, 6.80. 
     IR (KBr) cm -1  : 3430(br), 2976(br), 2440(br), 1601, 1496, 1250, 1071 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6 ) δ (ppm): 11.40(1H, br), 7.30(2H, t, J=8.1 Hz), 6.87-7.03(3H, m), 5.01(1H, m), 4.37(1H, m), 3.98-4.16(2H, m), 3.89(1H, m), 3.05-4.85(15H, m), 2.20(2H, m) 
     EXAMPLE 73 
     5-[4-(Benzoxazol-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl]-5-deoxy-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol hydrochloride (Compound 103) 
     Compound 103 was obtained (yield: 80%) in a manner similar to Example 53 except that Compound a obtained in Reference Example 1 was used in place of Compound b. 
     Melting point: 224.2°-225.8° C. 
     MS (EI) m/z: 331 (M + ) 
     IR (KBr) cm -1  : 3350(br), 2420(br), 1695, 1682, 1634, 1086 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6 ) δ (ppm): 12.50(1H, br), 7.47(1H, d, J=7.6 Hz), 7.37(1H, d, J=7.2 Hz), 7.21(1H, dd, J=7.6, 7.2 Hz), 7.09(1H, dd, J=7.6, 7.2 Hz), 5.20(1H, m), 3.0-4.8(15H, m) 
     EXAMPLE 74 
     5-Deoxy-5-[4-(1-phenyl-1H-tetrazol-5-yl)piperazin-1-yl]-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol hydrochloride (Compound 104) 
     Compound 104 was obtained (yield: 58%) in a manner similar to Example 54 except that Compound a obtained in Reference Example 1 was used in place of Compound b. 
     MS (EI) m/z: 358 (M + ) 
     IR (KBr) cm -1  : 3400(br), 2938(br), 2580(br), 1558, 1071 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6 ) δ (ppm): 12.37(1H, br), 7.50-7.81(5H, m), 5.13(1H, m), 4.36(1H, m), 3.0-4.6(14H, m) 
     EXAMPLE 75 
     5-Deoxy-5-[4-[3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenoxy)propyl]piperazin-1-yl]-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol hydrochloride (Compound 105) 
     Compound 105 was obtained (yield: 51%) in a manner similar to Example 45 except that Compound a obtained in Reference Example 1 was used in place of Compound b. 
     Melting point: 227°-228° C. 
     MS (EI) m/z: 438 (M + ) 
     IR (KBr) cm -1  : 3430(br), 2960(br), 2440(br), 1592, 1504, 1228, 1121 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6 ) δ (ppm): 11.81(1H, br), 6.26(2H, s), 4.99(1H, m), 4.37(1H, m), 3.97-4.16(4H, m), 3.76 (6H, s), 3.58(3H, s), 3.00-3.95(14H, m), 2.17(2H, m) 
     EXAMPLE 76 
     5-Deoxy-5-[4-[3-(3,5-dimethoxyphenoxy)propyl]piperazin-1-yl]-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol hydrochloride (Compound 106) 
     Compound 106 was obtained (yield: 74%) in a manner similar to Example 46 except that Compound a obtained in Reference Example 1 was used in place of Compound b. 
     Melting point: 222°-225° C. 
     Elemental analysis: as C 21  H 32  N 2  O 7  ·2HCl. 
     Calcd. (%); C, 52.39 H, 7.12 N, 5.82. 
     Found (%); C, 52.21 H, 7.21 N, 6.00. 
     IR (KBr) cm -1  : 3434(br), 2950(br), 2440(br), 1604, 1208, 1155, 1071 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6 ) δ (ppm): 11.83(1H, br), 6.11(3H, s), 5.00(1H, m), 4.37(1H, m), 3.97-4.19(4H, m), 3.71 (6H, s), 3.05-3.95(14H, m), 2.17(2H, m) 
     EXAMPLE 77 
     5-[4-[4-Cyano-4-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-5-methylhexyl]-piperazin-1-yl]-5-deoxy-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol hydrochloride (Compound 107) 
     Compound 107 was obtained (yield: 98%) in a manner similar to Example 59 except that Compound a obtained in Reference Example 1 was used in place of Compound b. 
     Melting point: 85°-88° C. 
     MS (EI) m/z: 503 (M + ) 
     IR (KBr) cm -1  : 3400(br), 2960(br), 2410(br), 1590, 1512, 1252, 1121 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6 ) δ (ppm): 11.31(1H, br), 6.68(2H, s), 4.95(1H, m), 4.33(1H, m), 3.82(6H, s), 3.68(3H, s), 2.85-4.70(16H, m), 2.02-2.33(3H, m), 1.63(1H, m), 1.35(1H, m), 1.12(3H, d, J=6.5 Hz), 0.72(3H, d, J=6.5 Hz) 
     EXAMPLE 78 
     5-Deoxy-5-[4-(2-phenoxyethyl)piperazin-1-yl]-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol hydrochloride (Compound 108) 
     Compound 108 was obtained (yield: 48%) in a manner similar to Example 63 except that Compound a obtained in Reference Example 1 was used in place of Compound b. 
     Melting point: 199.0°-199.5° C. 
     MS (EI) m/z: 334 (M + ) 
     IR (KBr) cm -1  : 3288(br), 2954(br), 2570(br), 1598, 1494, 1455, 1245, 1087 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6 ) δ (ppm): 11.92(1H, br), 7.20-7.43(2H, m), 6.88-7.11(3H, m), 5.01(1H, m), 4.30-4.50(3H, m), 3.0-4 8(16H, m) 
     EXAMPLE 79 
     5-Deoxy-5-[4-[3-(3,5-dimethylphenoxy)propyl]piperazin-1-yl]1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol hydrochloride (Compound 109) 
     Compound 109 was obtained (yield: 80%) in a manner similar to Example 47 except that Compound a obtained in Reference Example 1 was used in place of Compound b. 
     Melting point: 242° C. 
     Elemental analysis: as C 21  H 32  N 2  O 4  ·2HCl. 
     Calcd. (%); C, 56.12 H, 7.63 N, 6.23. 
     Found (%); C, 56.12 H, 7.81 N, 6.05. 
     IR (KBr) cm -1  : 3434(br), 2950(br), 2450(br), 1595, 1323, 1298, 1169, 1070 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6 ) δ (ppm): 11.81(1H, br), 6.58(1H, s), 6.56(2H, s), 5.00(1H, m), 4.37(1H, m), 3.94-4.12 (4H, m), 3.81-3.94(1H, m), 3.0-3.9(13H, m), 2.23 (6H, s), 2.17(2H, m) 
     EXAMPLE 80 
     5-Deoxy-5-[4-(2-methoxyphenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol hydrochloride (Compound 110) 
     Compound 110 was obtained (yield: 5%) in a manner similar to Example 58 except that Compound a obtained in Reference Example 1 was used in place of Compound b. 
     Melting point: 209.0°-210.5° C. 
     MS (EI) m/z: 320 (M + ) 
     IR (KBr) cm -1  : 3416(br), 2994(br), 2370(br), 1607, 1457, 1265, 1063 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6 ) δ (ppm): 12.18(1H, br), 6.87-7.08(4H, m), 5.21(1H, m), 4.40(1H, m), 3.95-4.20(3H, m), 3.80 (3H, s), 2.95-3.90(l1H, m) 
     EXAMPLE 81 
     5-Deoxy-5-[4-(2,3,4-trimethoxybenzyl)piperazin-1-yl]-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitrate (Compound 73) 
     5.0 g (4.34 mmols) of 2,3,4-trimethoxybenzyl alcohol was dropwise added to 10 ml of conc. hydrochloric acid under stirring at 0° C. The mixture was stirred at 0° C. for further 5 minutes. After the reaction, water was added to the mixture followed by extraction of the solution with diethyl ether. The diethyl ether layer was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, and the solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure to afford 4.80 g of 2,3,4-trimethoxybenzyl chloride as a crude product. 
     A mixture of 2.44 g of the crude product of 2,3,4-trimethoxybenzyl chloride described above, 1.73 g (6.67 mmols) of Compound b obtained in Reference Example 2 and 50 ml of methyl ethyl ketone was stirred at room temperature for 4 days. The mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure and to the residue an aqueous saturated sodium bicarbonate solution was added followed by extraction of the solution with chloroform. The chloroform layer was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. The solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure, and the residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (eluent: chloroform/methanol =50/1) to afford 0.56 g (yield: 21%) of Compound 73. 
     MS (EI) m/z: 439 (M + ) 
     IR (nujol) cm -1  : 1648 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6 ) δ (ppm): 6.95(1H, d, J=8.6 Hz), 6.75(1H, d, J=8.6 Hz), 5.35(1H, m), 4.62(2H, m), 3.90-4.05 (3H, m), 3.77(6H, s), 3.73(3H, s), 3.56(1H, m), 2.79(1H, m), 2.15-3.90(10H, m) 
     EXAMPLE 82 
     5-[4-(5-Chlorobenzothiazol-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl]-5-deoxy-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitrate hydrochloride (Compound 74) 
     With stirring under ice cooling, 2.00 g (9.92 mmols) of 5-chloro-2-mercaptobenzothiazole was added gradually to 10 ml of a solution of 0.24 g (10.00 mmols) of sodium hydroxide in dimethylformamide (DMF). The mixture was dropwise added to 20 ml of a solution of 0.62 ml (9.96 mmols) of iodomethane in 20 ml of DMF with stirring under ice cooling and the mixture was stirred for further 30 minutes under ice cooling. The mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure, and to the residue was added an aqueous saturated sodium bicarbonate followed by extraction of the solution with chloroform. The chloroform layer was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. The solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure, and the residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (eluent: chloroform/methanol =100/1) to afford 2.10 g (yield: 98%) of 5-chloro-2-methylthiobenzothiazole. 
     A mixture of 1.80 g (8.34 mmols) of 5-chloro-2-methylthiobenzothiazole, 1.80 g (11.39 mmols) of potassium permanganate and 45 ml of 50% aqueous acetic acid solution was stirred at room temperature for an hour. After the reaction, a 30.0 to 35.5% aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution was dropwise added to the mixture with stirring under ice cooling until to be colorless. An aqueous sodium thiosulfate was added to the mixture followed by extraction of the solution with chloroform. The chloroform layer was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, and the solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure to afford 2.05 g (yield: 100%) of 5-chloro-2-methanesulfonylbenzothiazole. A mixture of 1.64 g (6.62 mmols) of the above compound, 2.57 g (9.91 mmols) of Compound b obtained in Reference Example 2 and 40 ml of acetonitrile was heated under reflux for 20 hours. The mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure, and the residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (eluent: chloroform/methanol =100/1). 
     The product was dissolved in chloroform, and to this solution was added ethyl acetate saturated with hydrogen chloride. The mixture was poured into cold diethyl ether and the precipitated crystals were taken out by filtration and dried to afford 0.61 g (yield: 11%) of Compound 74. 
     MS (EI) m/z: 426 (M + ) 
     IR (KBr) cm -1  : 2954(br), 2660(br), 2160(br), 1639, 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6 ) δ (ppm): 7.87(1H, d, J=8.4 Hz), 7.56(1H, d, J=2.0 Hz), 7.18(1H, dd, J=8.4, 2.0 Hz), 5.45(1H, 
     EXAMPLE 83 
     5-Deoxy-5-[4-(pyrido[3,2-d]thiazol-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl]-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitrate hydrochloride (Compound 75) 
     A mixture of 6.43 g (50.0 mmols) of 3-amino-2-chloropyridine, 50 ml of carbon disulfide and 50 ml of DMF was heated under reflux for 6 days. An excess of carbon disulfide was evaporated under reduced pressure, and the residue was poured into 300 ml of ice water with stirring. The precipitated crystals was taken out by filtration and dried to afford 7.57 g (yield: 90%) of pyrido[3,2-d]thiazo-line-2-thione. 
     Then, Compound 75 was obtained (yield: 93%, 94%, 21%) in the same manner as in Example 82 except that pyrido[3,2-d]thiazolin-2-one was used in place of 5-chloro-2-mercaptobenzothiazole. 
     Melting point: 166°-170° C. 
     MS (EI) m/z: 393 (M + ) 
     IR (KBr) cm -1  : 2940(br), 2510(br), 1642, 1552, 1274 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6 ) δ (ppm): 8.24(1H, d, J=4.8 Hz), 7.87(1H, d, J=8.2 Hz), 7.39(1H, dd, J=8.2, 4.8 Hz), 5.45(1H, m), 5.35(1H, m), 3.1-5.1(14H, m) 
     EXAMPLE 84 
     5-[4-(Benzimidazol-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl]-5-deoxy-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitrate hydrochloride (Compound 76) 
     A mixture of 1.50 g [5.79 mmols) of Compound b obtained in Reference Example 2, 0.89 g (5.83 mmols) of 2-chlorobenzimidazole (Japanese Published Unexamined Patent Application No. 149263/80, U.S. Pat. No. 4,314,065 and EP-B No. 18080) and 40 ml of n-butanol was heated under reflux for 10 hours. The mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure, and to the residue was added an aqueous saturated sodium bicarbonate solution followed by extraction of the solution with chloroform. The chloroform layer was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. The solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure, and the residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (eluent: chloroform/ methanol =20/1). The product was dissolved in chloroform, and to this solution was added ethyl acetate saturated with hydrogen chloride. The mixture was poured into cold diethyl ether and the precipitated crystals were taken out by filtration and dried to afford 0.94 g (yield: 34%) of Compound 76. 
     Melting point: 223°-227° C. 
     MS (EI) m/z: 375 (M + ) 
     IR (KBr) cm -1  : 2950(br), 1647, 1281 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6 ) δ (ppm): 13.81(1H, br), 7.44(2H, m), 7.30(2H, m), 5.44(1H, m), 5.20(1H, m), 4.85(2H, m), 2.6-4.5(13H, m) 
     EXAMPLE 85 
     5-[4-(2-Chloro-4-phenylthiazol-5-yl)piperazin-1-yl]-5-deoxy-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitrate hydrochloride (Compound 77) 
     With stirring at room temperature, 2.50 g (12.9 mmols) of 2-mercapto-4-phenylthiazole was added to 13.0 ml of sulfuryl chloride. The mixture was stirred at room temperature for further 30 minutes. After the reaction, water was gradually added with stirring under ice cooling and the mixture was extracted with methylene chloride. The methylene chloride layer was washed with water and then dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. The solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure to afford 2,5-dichloro-4-phenylthiazole as a crude product. 
     A mixture of the crude product described above, 3.34 g (12.9 mmols) of Compound b obtained in Reference Example 2, 1.80 ml (12.9 mmols) of triethylamine and 30 ml of acetonitrile was heated under reflux for 15 hours. The mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure, and to the residue was added an aqueous saturated sodium bicarbonate solution followed by extraction of the solution with chloroform. The chloroform layer was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. The solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure and the residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (eluent:chloroform). 
     The product was dissolved in chloroform, and to the solution was added ethyl acetate saturated with hydrogen chloride. The mixture was poured into cold diethyl ether and the precipitated crystals were taken out by filtration and dried to afford 2.38 g (yield: 33%) of Compound 77. 
     Melting point: 125.0°-125.5° C. 
     MS (EI) m/z: 452 (M + ) 
     IR (KBr) cm -1  : 2928(br), 2360(br), 1643, 1363, 1277, 1176 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6 ) δ (ppm): 7.96(2H, m), 7.45-7.63(3H, m), 5.43(1H, m), 5.18(1H, m), 4.81(1H, m), 3.05-4.25 (13H, m) 
     EXAMPLE 86 
     5-[4-(4-Amino-6,7-dimethoxyquinazolin-2-yl)piperazin-1-yl]-5-deoxy-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitrate hydrochloride (Compound 78) 
     A mixture of 1.00 g (3.87 mmols) of Compound b obtained in Reference Example 2, 0.95 g (3.96 mmols) of 4-amino-2-chloro-6,7-dimethoxyquinazoline, 0.53 ml (3.87 mmols) of triethylamine and 30 ml of n-butanol was heated under reflux for 3 hours. The mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure, and the residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (eluent: chloroform/methanol =20/1). The product was dissolved in chloroform, and to the solution was added ethyl acetate saturated with hydrogen chloride. The mixture was poured into cold diethyl ether and the precipitated crystals were taken out by filtration and dried to afford 1.35 g (yield: 59%) of Compound 78. 
     Melting point: 253°-261° C. 
     MS (FAB) m/z: 463 (M +  +1) 30 IR (KBr) cm -1  : 3170(br), 2570(br), 1640, 1595, 1276 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6 ) δ (ppm): 9.04(1H, brs), 8.74(1H, brs), 7.80(1H, s), 7.68(1H, s), 5.45(1H, m), 5.30(1H, m), 4.87(1H, m), 3.88(3H, s), 3.86(3H, s), 3.0 4.3(13H, m) 
     EXAMPLE 87 
     5-[4-(4-Amino-6,7,8-trimethoxyquinazolin-2-yl)piperazin-1yl]-5-deoxy-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitrate hydrochloride (Compound 79) 
     A mixture of 4.94 g (21.7 mmols) of 3,4,5-trimethoxyanthranilic acid and 15.15 g (249.8 mmols) of urea was heated at 145° C for an hour with stirring. After cooling, water was added and the mixture was heated at the boiling point with stirring. The solid was taken out by filtration and dried to afford 2.47 g (yield: 45%) of 6,7,8-trimethoxyquinazoline-2,4-dione. 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6 ) δ (ppm): 11.18(1H, brs), 10.57(1H, brs), 7.18(1H, s), 3.88(3H, s), 3.84(3H, s), 3.81(3H, s) 
     A mixture of 2.17 g (8.60 mmols) of the compound described above, 0.69 ml (5.47 mmols) of N,N-dimethylaniline and 7.3 ml of phosphorus oxychloride was heated under reflux for an hour and a half. After cooling, the solution was poured into 55 ml of ice water and stirred. The precipitated solid was taken out by filtration and dried to afford 2.17 g (yield: 87%) of 2,4-dichloro-6,7,8-trimethoxyquinazoline. 
     NMR (CDCl 3 ) δ (ppm): 7.22(1H, s), 4.14(3H, s), 4.13 (3H, s), 4.04(3H, s) 
     A mixture of 2.17 g (7.51 mmols) of the compound described above, 50 ml of 25 to 28% aqueous ammonia solution and 50 ml of dioxan was stirred at room temperature for an hour and a half. The mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure, and the residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (eluent: chloroform/methanol =40/1) to afford 1.61 g (yield: 84%) of 4-amino-2-chloro-6,7,8-trimethoxyquinazoline. 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6 ) δ (ppm): 8.06(2H-., brs), 7.47(1H, s), 3.94(3H, s), 3.89(6H, s) 
     Then, Compound 79 was obtained (yield: 45%) in the same manner as in Example 86 except that 4-amino-2-chloro- 6,7,8-trimethoxyquinazoline was used in place of 4-amino-2-chloro-6,7-dimethoxyquinazoline and the period for heating under reflux was changed from 3 hours to 6 hours. 
     Melting point: 104°-105° C. 
     MS (EI) m/z: 492 (M + ) 
     IR (KBr) cm -1  : 2570(br), 1653, 1633, 1589, 1471, 1277 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6 ) δ (ppm): 9.01(2H, brs), 7.74(1H, s), 5.45(1H, m), 5.28(1H, m), 4.86(1H, m), 3.96(3H, s), 3.95(3H, s), 3.91(3H, s), 2.90-4.35(13H, m) 
     EXAMPLE 88 
     5-Deoxy-5-[4-(pyridin-3-yl)carbonylpiperazin-1-yl]-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitrate hydrochloride (Compound 80&#39;) 
     A mixture of 0.74 g (5.61 mmols) of nicotinic acid, 1.56 ml (11.2 mmols) of triethylamine and 12 ml of a solvent mixture of 2-butanol and acetonitrile (5/1) was stirred at 0° C., and to the solution was dropwise added 1.6 ml of a solution of 0.74 ml (5.64 mmols) of isobutyl chloroformate in a solvent mixture of 2-butanol and acetonitrile (5/1). The mixture was stirred at 0° C. for further 5 minutes. Then, 6 ml of a solution of 1.45 g (5.59 mmols) of Compound b obtained in Reference Example 2 in a solvent mixture of 2-butanol and acetonitrile (5/1) was dropwise added to the reaction mixture followed by stirring the solution at 0° C. for 2 hours. The mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure, and the residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (eluent: chloroform/methanol =50/1). 
     The product was dissolved in chloroform and to the solution was added methanol saturated with hydrogen chloride. The mixture was poured into cold diethyl ether and the precipitated crystals were taken out by filtration and dried to afford 1.00 g (yield: 41%) of Compound 80&#39;. 
     Melting point: 176.0°-180.0° C. 
     MS (EI) m/z: 364 (M + ) 
     IR (KBr) cm -1  : 1643, 1440, 1280 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6 ) δ (ppm): 8.89(1H, s), 8.84(1H, d, J=5.3 Hz), 8.27(1H, d, J=7.9 Hz), 7.82(1H, dd, J=7.9, 5.3 Hz), 5.45(1H, m), 5.34(1H, m), 4.86(1H, m), 4.27(1H, m), 4.17(1H, m), 4.07(2H, m), 3.94(1H, m), 3.10-5.25(8H, m) 
     EXAMPLE 89 
     5-Deoxy-5-[4-(pyridin-2-yl)carbonylpiperazin-1-yl]-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitrate hydrochloride (Compound 81) 
     A mixture of 0.80 g (6.50 mmols) of picolinic acid and 8 ml of methylene chloride was stirred at 0° C., and to the solution were added 1.1 ml (13.60 mmols) of pyridine and 0.47 ml (6.48 ml) of thionyl chloride in succession. The mixture was stirred at 0° C. for further 30 minutes (solution e,crc/A/ ). 
     A mixture of 1.59 g (6.13 mmols) of Compound b obtained in Reference Example 2 and 15 ml of acetonitrile was stirred at 0° C. and solution e,crc/A/  was dropwise added thereto. The mixture was stirred at 0° C. for further an hour. The mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure, and to the residue was added an aqueous saturated sodium bicarbonate solution followed by extraction of the solution with chloroform. The chloroform layer was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. The solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure, and the residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (eluent: chloroform/methanol =40/1). 
     The product was dissolved in chloroform, and to the solution was added ethyl acetate saturated with hydrogen chloride. The mixture was poured into cold diethyl ether and the precipitated crystals were taken out by filtration and dried to afford 0.95 g (yield: 35%) of Compound 81. 
     Melting point: 168°-169° C. 
     MS (EI) m/z: 364 (M + ) 
     IR (KBr) cm -1  : 1652, 1455, 1279 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6 ) δ (ppm): 8.63(1H, d, J=5.6 Hz), 8.00(1H, dd, J=7.9, 7.8 Hz), 7.71(1H, d, J=7.8 Hz), 7.56(1H, dd, J=7.9, 5.6 Hz), 5.44(1H, m), 5.32(1H, m), 4.85 (1H, m), 3.0-4.8(13H, m) 
     EXAMPLE 90 
     5-Deoxy-5-[4-(pyridin-4-yl)carbonylpiperazin-1-yl]-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitrate hydrochloride (Compound 82) 
     Compound 82 was obtained (yield: 24%) in a manner similar to Example 89 except that isonicotinic acid was used in place of nicotinic acid. 
     Melting point: 164°-168° C. 
     MS (EI) m/z: 364 (M + ) 
     IR (KBr) cm -1  : 1646, 1438, 1280 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6 ) δ (ppm): 8.92(2H, d, J=6.3 Hz), 7.90(2H, d, J=6.3 Hz), 5.45(1H, m), 5.34(1H, m), 4.95(1H, m), 4.27(1H, m), 4.16(1H, m), 4.07(2H, m), 3.93 (1H, m), 3.05-5.25(8H, m) 
     EXAMPLE 91 
     5-Deoxy-5-[4-(furan-2-yl)carbonylpiperazin-1-yl]-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitrate hydrochloride (Compound 83) 
     Compound 83 was obtained (yield: 31%) in a manner similar to Example 89 except that one molar equivalent of 2-furoyl chloride was used in place of solution (A) and one molar equivalent of triethylamine was added prior to adding 2-furoyl chloride. 
     Melting point: 183 185° C. 
     MS (EI) m/z: 353 (M + ) 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6 ) δ (ppm): 7.87(1H, m), 7.10(1H, m), 6.65 (1H, m), 5.44(1H, m), 5.25(1H, m), 4.84(1H, m), 2.90-4.70(13H, m) 
     EXAMPLE 92 
     5-(4-Benzoylpiperazin-1-yl)-5-deoxy-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitrate hydrochloride (Compound 84) 
     Compound 84 was obtained (yield: 85%) in a manner similar to Example 89 except that one molar equivalent of benzoyl chloride was used in place of solution (A), one molar equivalent of triethylamine was added prior to adding benzoyl chloride and the stirring period was changed from an hour to 30 minutes. 
     MS (EI) m/z: 363 (M + ) 
     IR (KBr) cm 1645, 1630, 1424, 1285 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6 ) δ (ppm): 7.47(5H, s), 5.44(1H, m), 5.27 (1H, m), 4.85(1H, m), 4.10-4.30(2H, m), 4.07(2H, m), 2.95-4.05(9H, m) 
     EXAMPLE 93 
     5-[4-(2-chlropyridin-3-yl)carbonylpiperazin-1-yl]-5-deoxy-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitrate hydrochloride (Compound 85) 
     Compound 85 was obtained (yield: 73%) in a manner similar to Example 89 except that 2-chloronicotinic acid was used in place of picolinic acid and the stirring period was changed from an hour to 3 hours and a half. 
     MS (EI) m/z: 398 (M + ) 
     IR (KBr) cm -1  : 2300(br), 1642, 1615, 1434, 1406, 1300, 1283 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6 ) δ (ppm): 8.51(1H, d, J=4.9 Hz), 7.98(1H, d, J=7.6 Hz), 7.56(1H, dd, J=7.6, 4.9 Hz), 5.44(1H, m), 5.27(1H, m), 4.83(1H, m), 4.17(2H, m), 4.07 (2H, m), 2.90-4.05(9H, m) 
     EXAMPLE 94 
     5-Deoxy-5-[4-(pirazin-2-yl)carbonylpiperazin-1-yl]-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitrate hydrochloride (Compound 86) 
     Compound 86 was obtained (yield: 91%) in a manner similar to Example 89 except that pirazinecarboxylic acid was used in place of picolinic acid. 
     Melting point: 164° C. 
     Elemental analysis: as C 15  H 19  N 5  O 6  ·1.8 HCl. 
     Calcd. (%); C, 41.80 H, 4.86 N, 16.25. 
     Found (%); C, 42.02 H, 5.11 N, 15.97. 
     IR (KBr) cm -1  : 2440(br), 1667, 1643, 1428, 1279 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6 ) δ (ppm): 8.91(1H, s), 8.79(1H, d, J=2.6 Hz), 8.69(1H, d, J=2.6 Hz), 5.44(1H, m), 5.27 (1H, m), 4.84(1H, m), 4.17(2H, m), 4.06(2H, m), 2.85-4.05(9H, m) 
     EXAMPLE 95 
     5-Deoxy-5-[4-(2,3,4-trimethoxybenzoyl)piperazin-1-yl]-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitratehydrochloride (Compound 
     Compound 87 was obtained (yield: 42%) in a manner similar to Example 89 except that 2,3,4-trimethoxybenzoic acid was used in place of picolinic acid and the stirring period was changed from an hour to 2 hours. 
     MS (EI) m/z: 453 (M + ) 
     IR (KBr) cm -1  : 2350(br), 1644, 1598, 1466, 1429, 1292, 1275, 1096 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6 ) δ (ppm): 7.00(1H, d, J=8.6 Hz), 6.87(1H, d, J=8.6 Hz), 5.43(1H, m), 5.24(1H, m), 4.82(1H, m), 4.10-4.25(2H, m), 4.06(2H, m), 3.83(3H, s), 3.79(3H, s), 3.77(3H, s), 2.85-4.00(9H, m) 
     EXAMPLE 96 
     5-Deoxy-5-[4-(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoyl)piperazin-1-yl]-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitrate hydrochloride (Compound 88) 
     Compound 88 was obtained (yield: 41%) in a manner similar to Example 89 except that 3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoic acid was used in place of picolinic acid and the stirring period was changed from an hour to 2 hours. 
     MS (EI) m/z: 453 (M + ) 
     IR (KBr) cm -1  : 1642, 1584, 1463, 1417, 1278, 1125 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6 ) δ (ppm): 6.75(2H, s), 5.44(1H, m), 5.28 (1H, m), 4.84(1H, m), 4.10-4.30(2H, m), 4.07(2H, m), 3.81(6H, s), 3.70(3H, s), 2.95-4.00(9H, m) 
     EXAMPLE 97 
     5-[4-(6-Chloropyridin-3-yl)carbonylpiperazin-1-yl]-5-deoxy-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitrate hydrochloride (Compound 89) 
     Compound 89 was obtained (yield: 64%) in a manner similar to Example 89 except that 6-chloronicotinic acid was used in place of picolinic acid and the stirring period was changed from an hour to 2 hours. 
     Melting point: 145°-146° C. 
     MS (EI) m/z: 398 (M + ) 
     IR (KBr) cm -1  : 1654, 1639, 1433, 1279 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6 ) δ (ppm): 8.54(1H, s), 7.98(1H, d, J=8.3 Hz), 7.64(1H, d, J=8.3 Hz), 5.45(1H, m), 5.30 (1H, m), 4.86(1H, m), 4.24(1H, m), 4.16(1H, m), 4.07(2H, m), 2.95-4.65(9H, m) 
     EXAMPLE 98 
     5-[4-(5-Bromopyridin-3-yl)carbonylpiperazin-1-yl]-5-deoxy-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitrate hydrochloride (Compound 90) 
     Compound 90 was obtained (yield: 79%) in a manner similar to Example 89 except that 5-bromonicotinic acid was used in place of picolinic acid and the stirring period was changed from an hour to 4 hours. 
     Melting point: 138.5°-139.0° C. 
     MS (EI) m/z: 442 (M + ) 
     IR (KBr) cm -1  : 2580(br), 1653, 1643, 1439, 1280 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6 ) δ (ppm); 8.82(1H, s), 8.67(1H, s), 8.19 (1H, s), 5.45(1H, m), 5.32(1H, m), 4.86(1H, m), 2.95-4.65(13H, m) 
     EXAMPLE 99 
     5-Deoxy-5-[4-(2-methylpyridin-3-yl)carbonylpiperazin-1yl-]-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitrate hydrochloride (Compound 91) 
     Compound 91 was obtained (yield: 84%) in a manner similar to Example 89 except that 2-methylnicotinic acid was used in place of picolinic acid and the stirring period was changed from an hour to 4 hours. 
     Melting point: 188°-189° C. 
     MS (EI) m/z: 378 (M + ) 
     IR (KBr) cm -1  : 1651, 1641, 1441, 1281 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6 ) δ (ppm): 8.75(1H, d, J=5.6 Hz), 8.35(1H, d, J=7.8 Hz), 7.79(1H, dd, J=7.8, 5.6 Hz), 5.45 (1H, m), 5.33(1H, m), 4.85(1H, m), 4.24(1H, m), 4.17(1H, m), 4.07(2H, m), 3.93(1H, m), 3.00-5.15 (8H, m), 2.64(3H, s) 
     EXAMPLE 100 
     5-Deoxy-5-[4-(quinolin-3-yl)carbonylpiperazin-1-yl]-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitrate hydrochloride (Compound 92) 
     Compound 92 was obtained (yield: 83%) in a manner similar to Example 89 except that 3-quinolinecarboxylic acid was used in place of picolinic acid and the stirring period was changed from an hour to 4 hours. 
     Melting point: 191°-192° C. 
     MS (EI) m/z: 414 (M + ) 
     IR (KBr) cm -1  : 2570(br), 1641, 1439, 1279 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6 ) δ (ppm): 9.13(1H, s), 8.79(1H, s), 8.13-8.28(2H, m), 7.98(1H, m), 7.80(1H, m), 5.46 (1H, m), 5.35(1H, m, 4.87(1H, m), 4.29(1H, m), 4.18(1H, m), 4.08(2H, m), 3.96(1H, m), 3.10-5.20 (8H, m) 
     EXAMPLE 101 
     5-Deoxy-5-[4-(6-methylpyridin-3-yl)carbonylpiperazin-1-yl]-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitrate hydrochloride (Compound 93) 
     Compound 93 was obtained (yield: 85%) in a manner similar to Example 89 except that 6-methylnicotinic acid was used in place of picolinic acid. 
     Melting point: 166°-168° C. 
     MS (EI) m/z: 378 (M + ) 
     IR (KBr) cm -1  : 1651, 1641, 1439, 1280 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6 ) δ (ppm): 8.80(1H, s), 8.24(1H, d, J=7.7 Hz), 7.75(1H, d, J=7.7 Hz), 5.45(1H, m), 5.32 (1H, m), 4.86(1H, m), 3.0-4.8(13H, m), 2.69(3H, s) 
     EXAMPLE 102 
     5-Deoxy-5-[4-(thiophen-3-yl)carbonylpiperazin-1-yl]-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitrate hydrochloride (Compound 94) 
     Compound 94 was obtained (yield: 56%) in a manner similar to Example 89 except that 3-thiophenecarboxylic acid was used in place of picolinic acid and the stirring period was changed from an hour to 2 hours. 
     MS (EI) m/z: 369 (M + ) 
     IR (KBr) cm -1  : 1645, 1631, 1428, 1284 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6 ) δ (ppm): 7.88(1H, s), 7.64(1H, d, J=5.0 Hz), 7.25(1H, d, J=5.0 Hz), 5.44(1H, m), 5.26 (1H, m), 4.85(1H, m), 2.8-4.6(13H, m) 
     EXAMPLE 103 
     5-Deoxy-5-[4-(thiophen-2-yl)carbonylpiperazin-1-yl]-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitrate hydrochloride (Compound 111) 
     A mixture of 1.59 g (6.13 mmols) of compound b obtained in Reference Example 2 and 15 ml of acetonitrile was stirred at 0° C. After 0.86 ml (6.17 mmols) of triethylamine was added to the mixture, 0.90 g (6.14 mmols) of 2-thenoyl chloride was dropwise added thereto. The mixture was stirred at 0° C. for further 30 minutes. The mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure, and a saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate was added to the residue. The solution was extracted with chloroform, and the chloroform layer was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. The solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure, and the residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (eluent: chloroform/methanol =40/1) to give a free form of the desired product. 
     Compound 111 was obtained 1.74 g (yield: 70%) in a manner similar to Example 89 from the free form of the product. 
     Melting point: 180°-196° C. 
     MS (EI) m/z: 369 (M + ) 
     IR (KBr) cm -1  : 1642, 1628, 1426, 1291 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6 ) δ (ppm): 7.80(1H, d, J=5.1 Hz), 7.50(1H, d, J=3.7 Hz), 7.15(1H, dd, J=5.1, 3.7 Hz), 5.44 (1H, m), 5.26(1H, m), 4.85(1H, m), 2.9-4.7(13H, m) 
     EXAMPLE 104 
     5-Deoxy-5-[4-(furan-3-yl)carbonylpiperazin-1-yl]-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitrate hydrochloride (Compound 112) 
     Compound 112 was obtained (yield: 50%) in a manner similar to Example 89 except that 3-furancarboxylic acid was used in place of picolinic acid. 
     Melting point: 213°-217° C. 
     IR (KBr) cm -1  : 1645, 1633, 1424, 1285 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6 ) δ (ppm): 8.10(1H, s), 7.76(1H, m), 6.70 (1H, m), 5.44(1H, m), 5.28(1H, m), 4.85(1H, m), 2.8-4 7(13H, m) 
     EXAMPLE 105 
     5-Deoxy-5-[4-(pyridin-3-yl)carbonylpiperazin N 1  -oxid-1-yl]-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitrate hydrochloride (Compound 113) 
     A mixture of 0.80 g (2.20 mmols) of Compound 80 obtained in Example 88, 0.38 g (2.20 mmols) of m-chloroperbenzoic acid, 26 ml of methylene chloride and 26 ml of an aqueous saturated sodium bicarbonate solution was stirred at 0° C. for 2 hours. After the reaction, the mixture was extracted with chloroform and the chloroform layer was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. The solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure, and the residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (eluent: chloroform/methanol =5/1). The product was dissolved in chloroform, and to this solution was added methanol saturated with hydrogen chloride. The mixture was poured into cold ethyl acetate and the precipitated crystals were taken out by filtration and dried to afford 0.92 g (yield: 100%) of Compound 113. 
     Melting point: 79.5°-82.0° C. MS (FAB) m/z: 381 (M +  +1) 
     IR (KBr) cm -1  : 1658, 1641, 1443, 1277, 1090, 855 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6 ) δ (ppm): 8.89(1H, s), 8.83(1H, d, J=5.5 Hz), 8.24(1H, d, J=7.6 Hz), 7.79(1H, m), 5.55 (1H, m), 5.48(1H, m), 4.89(1H, m), 3.2-5.2(13H, m) 
     EXAMPLE 106 
     5-Deoxy-5-[4-(6-hydroxypyridin-3-yl)carbonylpiperazin-1-yl]-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitrate hydrochloride (Compound 114) 
     Compound 114 was obtained (yield: 10%) in a manner similar to Example 88 except that 6-hydroxynicotinic acid was used in place of nicotinic acid, the stirring period was changed from 2 hours to 5 hours and an eluent was methanol (20/1). 
     Melting point: 185.0°-187.0° C. 
     MS (FAB) m/z: 381 (M +  +1) 
     IR (KBr) cm -1  : 3420(br), 1673, 1634, 1446, 1281 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6 ) δ (ppm): 7.66(1H, s), 7.53(1H, d, J=9.5 Hz), 6.37(1H, d, J=9.5 Hz), 5.45(1H, m), 5.30(1H, m), 4.85(1H, m), 2.8-4.6(13H, m) 
     EXAMPLE 107 
     5-Deoxy-5-[4-(2-hydroxypyridin-3-yl)carbonylpiperazin-1-yl-]-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitrate hydrochloride (Compound 115) 
     Compound 115 was obtained (yield: 32%) in a manner similar to Example 88 except that 2-hydroxynicotinic acid was used in place of nicotinic acid, the stirring period was changed from 2 hours to 4 hours and an eluent was changed from chloroform/methanol (50/1) to chloroform/methanol (20/1). 
     MS (FAB) m/z: 381 (M +  +1) 
     IR (KBr) cm -1  : 3430(br), 1726, 1670, 1640, 1280 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6 ) δ (ppm): 9.52(1H, brs), 7.60(1H, d, J=6.8 Hz), 7.53(1H, d, J=6.5 Hz), 6.30(1H, m), 5.43 (1H, m), 5.28(1H, m), 4.83(1H, m), 2.7-4.7(13H, m) 
     EXAMPLE 108 
     5-Deoxy-5-[4-(2-methylthiazol-4-yl)carbonylpiperazin-1-yl]-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitrate hydrochloride (Compound 116) 
     Compound 116 was obtained (yield: 29%) in a manner similar to Example 89 except that 2-methylthiazole-4-carboxylic acid (EP-A No. 300400) was used in place of picolinic acid. 
     Melting point: 87.0°-88.0° C. 
     MS (EI) m/z: 384 (M + ) 
     IR (KBr) cm -1  : 1658, 1642, 1436, 1277, 846 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6 ) δ (ppm): 8.06(1H, s), 5.44(1H, m), 5.31 (1H, m), 4.85(1H, m), 2.9-5.0(13H, m), 2.70(3H, s) 
     EXAMPLE 109 
     5-Deoxy-5-[4-(pyridin-3-yl)carbonylpiperazin-1-yl]-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitrate (Compound 80) 
     The free form of Compound 80&#39; obtained in Example 88 was recrystallized two times from isopropyl alcohol and dried to afford Compound 80 in good purity. 
     [α] 589   15 ° C. =+229.46 (c=0.998, acetone) 
     Melting point: 134.2°-135.3° C. 
     Elemental analysis: as C 16  H 20  N 4  O 6 . 
     Calcd. (%); C, 52.74 H, 5.53 N, 15.38. 
     Found (%); C, 52.73 H, 5.54 N, 15.32. 
     IR (KBr) cm -1  : 1656, 1636, 1616, 1450, 1273, 1008, 876 
     NMR (CDCl 3 ) δ (ppm): 8.63-8.76(2H, m), 7.76(1H, d, J=7.7 Hz), 7.37(1H, dd, J=7.7, 4.8 Hz), 5.32(1H, m), 4.70(1H, m), 4.56(1H, m), 3.95-4.20(3H, m), 3.71 (1H, m), 3.3-4.0(4H, m), 2.93(1H, m), 2.2-2.8 (4H, m) 
     MS (EI) m/z: 364 (M + ) 
     EXAMPLE 110 
     5-Deoxy-5-[4-(pyridin-3-yl)carbonylpiperazin-1-yl]-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol (Compound 117) 
     A mixture of 0.80 g (6.50 mmols) of nicotinic acid and 8 ml of methylenechloride was stirred at 0° C., and 1.1 ml (13.60 mmols) of pyridine and 0.47 ml (6.48 m) of thionylchloride were dropwise added to the solution in succession. The mixture was stirred at 0° C. for further 30 minutes (solution 
     A mixture of 1.59 g (6.13 mmols) of compound a obtained in Reference Example 1 and 15 ml of acetonitrile was stirred at 0° C. Solution e,crc/A/ &#39; was dropwise added thereto and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for one day. The mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure, and an aqueous saturated sodium bicarbonate was added to the residue. The solution was extracted with chloroform, and the chloroform layer was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. The solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure, and the residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (eluent: chloroform/methanol =5/1) to give the desired product. 
     The product was dissolved in isopropyl alcohol by heating, and the mixture was poured into n-hexane and the precipitated crystals were taken out by filtration and dried to afford 0.56 g of Compound 117 (yield: 25%). 
     Melting point: 140.5°-141.0° C. 
     MS (EI) m/z: 319 (M + ) 
     IR (KBr) cm -1  : 3410(br), 1622, 1593, 1440, 1295, 1264, 1074, 1044 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6 ) δ (ppm): 8.64(1H, d, J=4.9 Hz), 8.60(1H, s), 7.82(1H, d, J=8.1 Hz), 7.47(1H, m), 5.09(1H, m), 4.57(1H, m), 4.22(1H, m), 4.03(1H, m), 3.88 (1H, m), 3.70(1H, m), 2.2-3.8(l1H, m) 
     EXAMPLE 111 
     5-Deoxy-5-[4-(pyridin-3-yl)carbonylpiperazin-1-yl]-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-D-glucitol 2-nitrate (Compound 118) 
     Compound 118 was obtained in a manner similar to Example 89 except that nicotinic acid was used in place of picolinic acid and Compound d obtained in Reference Example 4 was used in place of Compound b. The product was recrystallized from isopropyl alcohol/n-hexane system and dried to afford Compound 118 in good purity (yield: 60%). 
     Melting point: 162.0°-164.0° C. 
     Elemental analysis: as C 16  H 20  N 4  O 6 . 
     Calcd. (%); C, 52.74 H, 5.53 N, 15.38. 
     Found (%); C, 52.98 H, 5.76 N, 15.22. 
     IR (KBr) cm -1  : 1626, 1589,.1443, 1274, 1009, 861 
     NMR (CDCl 3 ) δ (ppm): 8.50-8.65(2H, m), 7.76(1H, d, J=7.9 Hz), 7.37(1H, m), 5.35(1H, m), 4.70(1H, m), 4.63(1H, m), 4.30(1H, m), 4.11(1H, m), 4.01(1H, m), 3.72(1H, m), 2.84(1H, m), 2.2-4.0(8H, m) 
     EXAMPLE 112 
     2-Deoxy-2-[4-(pyridin-3-yl)carbonylpiperazin-1-yl]-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-D-glucitol 5-nitrate (Compound 119) 
     Compound 119 was obtained in a manner similar to Example 89 except that nicotinic acid was used in place of picolinic acid and Compound c obtained in Reference Example 3 was used in place of Compound b. The product was recrystallized from isopropyl alcohol/n-hexane system and dried to afford Compound 119 in good purity (yield: 30%). 
     Melting point: 136.0°-137.0° C. 
     MS (EI) m/z: 364 (M + ) 
     IR (KBr) cm -1  : 1633, 1586, 1440, 1278, 1095, 1009, 876, 853 
     NMR (CDCl 3 ) δ (ppm): 8.60-8.75(2H, m), 7.75(1H, d, J=7.7 Hz), 7.36(1H, m), 5.34(1H, m), 4.93(1H, m), 4.44(1H, m), 4.20(1H, m), 4.07(1H, m), 2.3-4.0 (11H, m) 
     EXAMPLE 113 
     5-Deoxy-5-[4-(1,2,3-thiadiazol-5-yl)carbonylpiperazin-1-yl]-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitrate hydrochloride (Compound 120) 
     Compound 120 was obtained (yield: 53%) in a manner similar to Example 89 except that 1,2,3-thiadiazole-5-carboxylic acid [J. Pharmaceutical Sci., 65, 304 (1976)]was used in place of picolinic acid and the stirring condition at 0° C. for an hour was changed to the stirring condition at room temperature for an hour. 
     Melting point: 128.0°-133.0° C. 
     MS (EI) m/z: 371 (M + ) 
     IR (KBr) cm -1  : 1659, 1642, 1487, 1432, 1278, 1097, 856 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6 ) δ (ppm): 9.23(1H, s), 5.45(1H, m), 5.24 (1H, m), 4.85(1H, m), 2.8-4.7(13H, m) 
     EXAMPLE 114 
     5-Deoxy-5-[4-(1,2,3-thiadiazol-4-yl)carbonylpiperazin-1-yl]-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitrate hydrochloride (Compound 121) 
     Compound 121 was obtained (yield: 46%) in a manner similar to Example 89 except that 1,2,3-thiadiazole-4-carboxylic acid [J. Am. Chem. Soc., 77, 5359 (1955)] was used in place of picolinic acid and the stirring condition at 0° C. for an hour was changed to the stirring condition at room temperature for 3 hours. 
     Melting point: 118.0°-121.0° C. 
     MS (EI) m/z: 371 (M + ) 
     IR (KBr) cm -1  : 1658, 1640, 1420, 1277, 971, 852, 750 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6 ) δ (ppm): 9.63(1H, s), 5.44(1H, m), 5.26 (1H, m), 4.84(1H, m), 2.9-4.7(13H, m) 
     EXAMPLE 115 
     5-Deoxy-5-[4-(2-aminothiazol-4-yl)carbonylpiperazin-1-yl]-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitrate hydrochloride (Compound 122) 
     Compound 122 was obtained (yield: 34%) in a manner similar to Example 89 except that 2-aminothiazole-4-carboxylic acid (EP-A No. 300400) was used in place of picolinic acid. 
     MS (FAB) m/z: 386 (M +  +1) 
     IR (KBr) cm -1  : 1658, 1640, 1429, 1278, 849 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6 ) δ (ppm): 7.24(1H, s), 5.44(1H, m), 5.32 (1H, m), 4.85(1H, m), 2.9-5.3(13H, m) 
     Pharmaceutical Preparation 1 : Tablet 
     A tablet comprising the following components was prepared by a known method. 
     
         ______________________________________Compound 80            50 mgLactose                150 mgPotato starch          75 mgPolyvinyl alcohol      7.5 mgMagnesium stearate     2.5 mg______________________________________ 
    
     Pharmaceutical Preparation 2 : Powder 
     A powder comprising the following components was prepared by a known method. 
     
         ______________________________________  Compound 80    50 mg  Lactose        750 mg______________________________________ 
    
     Pharmaceutical Preparation 3 : Syrup 
     A syrup comprising the following components was prepared by a known method. 
     
         ______________________________________Compound 80             50 mgPurified white sugar    75 mgEthyl p-hydroxybenzoate 100 mgPropyl p-hydroxybenzoate                   25 mgStrawberry flavour      0.25 cc______________________________________ 
    
     Water is added thereto until the total volume is 100 cc 
     Pharmaceutical Preparation 4 : Capsule 
     A capsule comprising the following components was prepared by a known method. 
     
         ______________________________________Compound 80            50 mgLactose                500 mgMagnesium Stearate     12.5 mg______________________________________ 
    
     The components were blended and encapsulated into a gelatin capsule. 
     Pharmaceutical Preparation 5 : Injection 
     An injection comprising the following components was prepared by a known method. 
     
         ______________________________________Compound 80            20 mgSodium Chloride        45 mg______________________________________ 
    
     Water is added thereto until the total volume is 5 ml (one ampule unit). 
     The water was previously distilled and sterilized in an autoclave. 
     
                       TABLE 3______________________________________ ##STR144##Compound No.(Reference Example)           R.sup.D      OZ______________________________________a (1)            ##STR145##  OHb (2)           &#34;            ONO.sub.2c (3)           &#34;            ONO.sub.2d (4)            ##STR146##  ONO.sub.2e (5)            ##STR147## &#34;______________________________________ 
    
     REFERENCE EXAMPLE 1 
     5-Deoxy-5-(piperazin-1-yl)-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol (Compound a) 
     A mixture of 20.2 g (90.1 mmols) of 1.4;3.6-dianhydro-D-glucitol 5-methansulfonate (Japanese Published Unexamined Patent Application No. 58792/82 [U.S. Pat. No. 4,542,137 and EP-B No. 44927]), 84.8 g (984.4 mmols) of piperazine and 240 ml of n-butanol was heated under reflux for 36 hours. The mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure, and the residue was azeotropically evaporated with toluene several times to remove piperazine as much as possible. Thus, Compound a methanesulfonate was obtained as a crude product. 
     The crude product described above was purified by chromatography of DIAION SP 207 (manufactured by Mitsubishi Kasei Corporation) (eluent: water ˜30% aqueous methanol solution). After azeotropic distillation with isopropyl alcohol, crystallization was performed with the residue from ethyl acetate to afford purified Compound a. 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6 ) δ (ppm): 5.35(1H, m), 4.50(1H, m), 4.19 (1H, m), 2.2-4.1(14H, m) 
     REFERENCE EXAMPLE 2 
     5-Deoxy-5-(piperazin-1-yl)-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitrate (Compound b) 
     To 37.8 g of the crude Compound a methanesulfonate obtained in Reference Example 1 was added 10.6 ml of water. Then, with cooling, 5.6 ml of conc. sulfuric acid was dropwise added to the mixture to obtain a solution (solution B). 
     A solution of 2.47 g (41.1 mmols) of urea in 55.6 ml of conc. sulfuric acid was dropwise added to 37 ml of fumed nitric acid (86%) at -15° C. with stirring. Then, solution B was dropwise added thereto at -15° C. over 30 minutes to an hour. The mixture was stirred at the same temperature for further 2 hours. The reaction mixture was gradually poured into 300 ml of water with stirring. With cooling, a mixture of 120 g (3.00 mols) of sodium hydroxide and 370 ml of water was gradually added to the system for neutralization followed by extraction of the solution with chloroform 5 to 10 times. The chloroform layer was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. The solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure, and the residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (eluent: chloroform/methanol =10/1-0/1) to afford 8.9 g (yield: 38%) of Compound b. 
     IR (KBr) cm -1  : 3420(br), 1634, 1278 
     REFERENCE EXAMPLE 3 
     2-Deoxy-2-(piperazin-1-yl)-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-D-glucitol 5-nitrate (Compound c) 
     To a mixture of 4.36 g (23.2 mmols) of 5-O-acetyl-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-D-glucitol [Synthesis, 174 (1987)], 15 ml of pyridine and 0.85 g (6.96 mmols) of dimethylaminopyridine was dropwise added 2.7 ml (34.9 mmols) of methanesulfonyl chloride with stirring under ice cooling. The mixture was stirred at room temperature for further an hour. The mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure, and then water was added to the residue followed by extraction of the solution with methylene chloride. The methylene chloride layer was washed twice with a 10% aqueous hydrochloric acid solution, and then sequentially with aqueous saturated sodium bicarbonate solution and an aqueous saturated sodium chloride solution, and then dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. The solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure to afford 5.78 g (yield: 94%) of 5-0-acetyl-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-D-glucitol 2-methanesulfonate. 
     NMR (CDCl 3 ) δ (ppm): 5.03-5.30(2H, m), 4.87(1H, m), 4.66(1H, m), 3.61-4.27(4H, m), 3.07(3H, s), 2.12 (3H, s) 
     A mixture of 6.65 g (25.0 mmols) of the compound described above, 1.04 g (7.50 mmols) of potassium carbonate, 30 ml of methanol and 30 ml of chloroform was stirred at room temperature for 3 hours. After the reaction, insoluble matters were filtered off and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was recrystallized from chloroform to afford 2.90 g (yield: 52%) of 1.4;3.6-dianhydro-D-glucitol 2-methanesulfonate. 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6 ) δ (ppm): 5.07(1H, m), 4.57(1H, m), 4.47 (1H, m), 4.15(1H, m), 4.03(1H, m), 3.90(3H, m), 3.76(1H, m), 3.35(1H, m), 3.27(3H, s) 
     Thereafter, Compound c was obtained (yield: 35%) in a manner similar to Reference Examples 1 and 2 except that the compound described above was used in place of 1.4;3.6-dianhydro-D-glucitol 5-methanesulfonate in Reference Example 1. 
     NMR (CDCl 3 ) δ (ppm): 5.32(1H, m), 4.90(1H, m), 4.43 (1H, m), 2.2-4.3(14H, m) 
     REFERENCE EXAMPLE 4 
     5-Deoxy-5-(piperazin-1-yl)-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-D-glucitol 2-nitrate (Compound d) 
     With stirring a mixture of 20.0 g (89.3 mmols) of 1.4;3.6-dianhydro-D-glucitol 2-methanesulfonate obtained in Reference Example 3, 46.8 g (178.4 mmols) of triphenylphosphine, 21.8 g (178.5 mmols) of benzoic acid and 1.3 liter of absolute tetrahydrofuran at room temperature, 100 ml of a solution of 27.5 ml (178.4 mmols) of diethyl azodicarboxylate in absolute tetrahydrofuran was dropwise added to the solution. The mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight. The mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure, and the residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (eluent: chloroform) to afford 20.0 g (yield: 68%) of 5-O-benzoyl-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-methanesulfonate. 
     NMR (CDCl 3 ) δ (ppm): 8.03(2H, d, J=8.0 Hz), 7.60(1H, dd, J=7.5, 7.5 Hz), 7.46(2H, dd, J=8.0, 7.5 Hz), 5.47(1H, m), 5.18(1H, m), 4.90(1H, m), 4.84(1H, m), 4.16(1H, m), 4.08(2H, m), 4.03(1H, m), 3.10 (3H, s) 
     A mixture of 30.0 g (91.5 mmols) of the compound described above, 1.83 g (45.7 mmols) of sodium hydroxide and 1 liter of methanol was stirred at room temperature for 2 hours. After the reaction, an aqueous dil. hydrochloric acid was added to the mixture to neutralize the mixture. The solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure, and the residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (eluent: chloroform/methanol =25/1) and then tritylated with diethyl ether to afford 19.9 g (yield: 97%) of 1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-methanesulfonate. 
     NMR (DMSO-d 6  /CDCl 3 ) δ (ppm): 5.08(1H, m), 4.83(1H, m), 4.60(1H, m), 4.30(1H, m), 4.07(1H, m), 3.86-3.98 (2H, m), 3.81(1H, m), 3.09(3H, s) 
     Thereafter, Compound d was obtained (yield: 25%) in a manner similar to Reference Examples 1 and 2 except that the compound described above was used in place of 1.4;3.6-dianhydro-D-glucitol 5-methanesulfonate in Reference Example 1 and the reaction under reflux for 36 hours was changed to a reaction at 160° C. in a sealed tube for 22 hours. 
     NMR (CDCl 3 ) 6 (ppm): 5.33(1H, m), 4.50-4.75(2H, m), 2.2-4.5(14H, m) 
     REFERENCE EXAMPLE 5 
     5-Deoxy-5-(homopiperazin-1-yl)-1.4;3.6-dianhydro-L-iditol 2-nitrate (Compound e) 
     Compound e was obtained (yield: 11%) in a manner similar to Reference Examples 1 and 2 except that homopiperazine was used in place of piperazine in Reference Example 1 and the period for heating under reflux was changed from 36 hours to 7 days. 
     REFERENCE EXAMPLE 6 
     1-Chloro-3-phenylthiopropane 
     A mixture of 54.0 g (490 mmols) of thiophenol, 160.0 g (1016 mmols) of 1-bromo-3-chloropropane and 250 ml of a 2.2 M aqueous sodium hydroxide solution was heated under reflux for 30 hours. After cooling, the reaction mixture was extracted with methylene chloride. The methylene chloride layer was washed with an aqueous dil. sodium hydroxide solution and then with water and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. The solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure, and the residue was distilled under reduced pressure (138 -140° C./13 mmHg) to afford 51.9 g (yield: 57%) of the title compound. 
     NMR (CDCl 3 ) δ (ppm): 7.0-7.7(5H, m), 3.60(2H, t, J=6.0 Hz), 3.03(2H, t, J=7.0 Hz), 2.03(2H, m) 
     REFERENCE EXAMPLE 7 
     1-Chloro-3-(4-methoxyphenylthio)propane 
     With stirring at room temperature, 5.6 g (39.9 mmols) of 4-methoxythiophenol was added by small portions to 20 ml of a solution of 0.98 g (40.8 mmols) of sodium hydride in dimethylformamide. The solution was dropwise added to 40 ml of a solution of 6.3 g (40.0 mmols) of 1-bromo-3-chloropropane in dimethylformamide with stirring under ice cooling. The mixture was stirred under ice cooling for further an hour. After the reaction, an aqueous saturated sodium bicarbonate solution was added to the mixture followed by extraction of the solution with ethyl acetate 3 times. The ethyl acetate layer was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. The solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure, and the residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (eluent: chloroform) to afford 7.8 g (yield: 90%) of the title compound. 
     NMR (CDCl 3 ) δ (ppm): 7.35(2H, d, J=8.9 Hz), 6.84(2H, d, J=8.9 Hz), 3.78(3H, s ), 3.63(2H, t, J=6.4 Hz), 2.95(2H, t, J=6.9 Hz), 1.99(2H, m) 
     REFERENCE EXAMPLE 8 
     1-Chloro-3-(2-ethoxycarbonylphenylthio)propane 
     With stirring at room temperature, 15.4 g (99.9 mmols) of thiosalicylic acid was added by small portions to 50 ml of a solution of 2.44 g (101.7 mmols) of sodium hydride in dimethylformamide. The solution was dropwise added to 100 ml of a solution of 15.7 g (99.7 mmols) of 1-bromo-3-chloropropane in dimethylformamide with stirring under ice cooling. The mixture was stirred under ice cooling for further an hour and a half. After the reaction, an aqueous saturated sodium bicarbonate solution was added to the mixture followed by extraction of the solution with ethyl acetate 10 times. The ethyl acetate layer was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. The solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure, and the residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (eluent: chloroform/methanol =50/1) to afford 9.0 g (yield: 39%) of 1-chloro-3-(2-hydroxycarbonylphenylthio)propane. 
     NMR (CDCl 3 ) δ (ppm): 8.10(1H, m), 7.05-7.60(3H, m), 3.71(2H, t, J=6.3 Hz), 3.11(2H, t, J=7.0 Hz), 2.18 (2H, m) 
     A mixture of 2.13 g (9.23 mmols) of the compound described above, 100 ml of ethanol and 1 ml of conc. sulfuric acid was heated under reflux for 18 hours. After cooling to 0° C., the mixture was neutralized with a 2 normal aqueous sodium hydroxide solution. The solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure, and then water was added to the residue followed by extraction of the solution with chloroform. The chloroform layer was washed with an aqueous saturated sodium bicarbonate solution and then with an aqueous saturated sodium chloride solution and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. The solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure, and the residue was dried to afford 2.09 g (yield: 87%) of the title compound. 
     NMR (CDCl 3 ) δ (ppm): 7.94(1H, m), 7.00-7.60(3H, m), 4.39(2H, q, J=7.1 Hz), 3.70(2H, t, J=6.3 Hz), 3.10 (2H, t, J=7.0 Hz), 2.17(2H, m), 1.40(3H, t, J=7.1 Hz) 
     REFERENCE EXAMPLE 9 
     1-Chloro-3-(4-ethoxycarbonylmethylphenylthio)propane 
     A mixture of 54.7 g (228 mmols) of sodium sulfide nonahydrate, 7.0 g (218 mmols) of sulfur and 60 ml of water was heated until sodium sulfide nonahydrate was dissolved. A solution of 8.83 g of sodium hydroxide in 24 ml of water was added thereto and the mixture was cooled to 5° C. (solution C). 
     Under ice cooling, 40.0 ml of conc. hydrochloric acid was added to a mixture of 30.3 g (200 mmols) of 4-aminophenylacetic acid and 100 ml of water. Then, a solution of 13.8 g (200 mmols) of sodium sulfite was dropwise added thereto with stirring while adding ice so that the inner temperature was not higher than 5° C. Furthermore, solution C was added thereto so that the inner temperature was not higher than 5° C. Then the temperature was slowly raised to room temperature with stirring and 35.9 ml of conc. hydrochloric acid was added to the mixture followed by filtration. To the solid taken by filtration was added 1500 ml of an aqueous 10% sodium carbonate solution. The mixture was stirred at 80° C. and insoluble matters were filtered off. Conc. hydrochloric acid was added to the filtrate to render acidic. The precipitated crystals were taken out by filtration and dried to afford 18.3 g of crude 4,4&#39;-dithiobis(phenylacetic acid). 
     A mixture of 3.34 g of the crude 4,4&#39;-dithiobis(phenylacetic acid), 350 ml of ethanol and 7 ml of conc. sulfuric acid was heated under reflux for 3 hours. After cooling to 0° C., the mixture was neutralized with a 2 normal aqueous sodium hydroxide solution. The solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure, and then water was added to the residue followed by extraction of the solution with chloroform. The chloroform layer was washed with an aqueous saturated sodium bicarbonate solution and then with an aqueous saturated sodium chloride solution and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. The solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure, and the residue was dried to afford 2.18 g of 4,4&#39;-dithiobis(diethyl phenylacetate). 
     NMR (CDCl 3 ) δ (ppm): 7.45(4H, d, J=8.6 Hz), 7.20(4H, d, J=8.6 Hz), 4.14(4H, q, J=7.2 Hz), 3.57(4H, s), 1.24 (6H, t, J=7.2 Hz) 
     With stirring under ice cooling, 0.88 g (22.47 mmols) of sodium borohydride was added by small portions to 20 ml of a solution of 2.18 g (5.58 mmols) of the compound described above in dimethylformamide. The mixture was stirred under ice cooling for further 30 minutes. The solution was dropwise added to 20 ml of a solution of 1.79 g (11.37 mmols) of 1-bromo-3-chloropropane in dimethylformamide with stirring under ice cooling. The mixture was stirred for further 50 minutes under ice cooling. After the reaction, an aqueous saturated sodium bicarbonate solution was added to the mixture followed by extraction of the solution with ethyl acetate 3 times. The ethyl acetate layer was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. The solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure, and the residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (eluent: chloroform) to afford 2.0 g (yield: 66%) of the title compound. 
     NMR (CDCl 3 ) δ (ppm): 7.32(2H, d, J=8.6 Hz), 7.19(2H, d, J=8.6 Hz), 4.15(2H, q, J=7.1 Hz), 3.65(2H, t, J=6.4 Hz), 3.57(2H, s), 3.05(2H, t, J=6.9 Hz), 2.06(2H, m), 1.25(3H, t, J=7.0 Hz) 
     REFERENCE EXAMPLE 10 
     1-(Benzotriazol-1-yl)-3-chloropropane (Compound f) and 1-(benzotriazol-2-yl)-3-chloropropane (Compound g) 
     With stirring at room temperature, 10.0 g (83.9 mmols) of benzotriazole was added by small portions to 40 ml of a solution of 2.01 g (83.8 mmols) of sodium hydride in dimethylformamide. The solution was dropwise added to 80 ml of a solution of 13.2 g (-83.8 mmols) of 1-bromo-3-chloropropane in dimethylformamide with stirring under ice cooling. The mixture was stirred under ice cooling for further 4 hours. After the reaction, an aqueous saturated sodium bicarbonate solution was added to the mixture followed by extraction of the solution with ethyl acetate 3 times. The ethyl acetate layer was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. The solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure, and the residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (eluent: hexane/ethyl acetate =3/1) to afford 7.48 g (yield: 46%) of Compound g from the first fraction and 6.16 g (yield: 38%) of Compound f from the next fraction. Compound f: 
     NMR (CDCl 3 ) δ (ppm): 8.06(1H, m), 7.20-7.70(3H, m), 4.82(2H, t, J=6.5 Hz), 3.54(2H, t, J=6.0 Hz), 2.50 (2H, m) 
     Compound g: 
     NMR (CDCl 3 ) δ (ppm): 7.65-7.95(2H, m), 7.15-7.45(2H, m), 4.91(2H, t, J=6.5 Hz), 3.60(2H, t, J=6.3 Hz), 2.57(2H, m) 
     REFERENCE EXAMPLE 11 
     1-Chloro-3-(indazol-1-yl)propane (Compound h) and 1-chloro-3-(indazol-2-yl)propane (Compound i) 
     With stirring at room temperature, 5.00 g (42.3 mmols) of indazole was added by small portions to 25 ml of a solution of 1.03 g (42.9 mmols) of sodium hydride in dimethylformamide. The solution was dropwise added to 50 ml of a solution of 6.67 g (42.4 mmols) of 1-bromo-3-chloropropane in dimethylformamide with stirring under ice cooling. The mixture was stirred under ice cooling for further an hour and a half. After the reaction, an aqueous saturated sodium bicarbonate solution was added to the mixture followed by extraction of the solution with ethyl acetate 3 times. The ethyl acetate layer was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. The solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure, and the residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (eluent: hexane/ethyl acetate =3/1) to afford 4.94 g (yield: 60%) of Compound h from the first fraction and 1.93 g (yield: 23%) of Compound i from the next fraction. 
     Compound h: 
     NMR (CDCl 3 ) δ (ppm): 8.01(1H, s), 7.73(1H, d, J=7.9 Hz), 6.95-7.60(3H, m), 4.56(2H, t, J=6.4 Hz), 3.50 (2H, t, J=6.2 Hz), 2.40(2H, m) 
     Compound i: 
     NMR (CDCl 3 ) δ (ppm): 7.96(1H, s), 7.53-7.77(2H, m), 6.93-7.38(2H, m), 4.62(2H, t, J=6.4 Hz), 3.47(2H, t, J=6.0 Hz), 2.47(2H, m) 
     REFERENCE EXAMPLE 12 
     3-Ethoxycarbonylmethylindole 
     A mixture of 5.0 g (28.5 mmols) of indole-3acetic acid, 250 ml of ethanol and 5 ml of conc. sulfuric acid was heated under reflux for 2 hours. After cooling to 0° C., the mixture was neutralized with a 2 normal aqueous sodium hydroxide solution. The solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure, and then water was added to the residue followed by extraction of the solution with chloroform. The chloroform layer was washed with an aqueous saturated sodium chloride solution and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. The solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure, and the residue was dried to afford 5.2 g (yield: 90%) of the title compound. 
     NMR (CDCl 3 ) δ (ppm): 8.10(1H, brs), 7.0-7.7(4H, m), 6.97(1H, s), 4.15(2H, q, J=7.1 Hz), 3.73(2H, s), 1.23(3H, t, J=7.1 Hz) 
     REFERENCE EXAMPLE 13 
     4,5-Bis(ethoxycarbonyl)imidazole 
     A mixture of 4.0 g (25.6 mmols) of imidazole-4,5-dicarboxylic acid, 600 ml of ethanol and 16 ml of conc. sulfuric acid was heated under reflux for 7 hours. After cooling to 0° C., the mixture was neutralized with a 2 normal aqueous sodium hydroxide solution. The solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure, and then water was added to the residue followed by extraction of the solution with chloroform. The chloroform layer was washed with an aqueous saturated sodium bicarbonate solution and then with an aqueous saturated sodium chloride solution and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. The solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure, and the residue was dried to afford 2.5 g (yield: 46%) of the title compound. 
     NMR (CDCl 3 ) δ (ppm): 7.83(1H, s), 7.26(1H, s), 4.41 (4H, q, J=7.2 Hz), 1.38(6H, t, J=7.2 Hz) 
     REFERENCE EXAMPLE 14 
     1-Methanesulfonyl-2-(2-methanesulfonyloxyethyl)benzimidazole 
     A mixture of 3.17 g (29.3 mmols) of o-phenylenediamine, 3.75 g (36.0 mmols) of 3-methoxypropionic acid [J. Am. Chem. Soc., 70, 1004 (1948)]and 32 ml of a 4 normal aqueous hydrochloric acid solution was heated under reflux for 14 hours. After cooling, the mixture was neutralized with a 28-30% aqueous ammonia solution. The mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure, and the residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (eluent: chloroform/methanol =20/1) to afford 4.74 g (yield: 92%) of 2-(2-methoxyethyl)benzimidazole. 
     NMR (CDCl 3 ) δ (ppm): 7.35-7.60(2H, m), 7.05-7.30(2H, m), 3.79(2H, t, J=5.7 Hz), 3.41(3H, s), 3.19(2H, t, J=5.7 Hz) 
     A mixture of 4.74 g (26.9 mmols) of the compound described above and 100 ml of a 47-49% aqueous hydrobromic acid solution was heated under reflux for 50 minutes. After cooling, the mixture was neutralized with a 2 normal aqueous sodium hydroxide solution. The mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure, and the residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (eluent: chloroform/methanol =10/1) to afford 3.18 g (yield: 73%) of 2-(2-hydroxyethyl)benzimidazole. 
     NMR (CDCl 3  -CD 3  OD) δ (ppm): 7.30-7.65(2H, m), 7.00-7.30 (2H, m), 4.01(2H, t, J=5.9 Hz), 3.09(2H, t, J=5.9 Hz) 
     With stirring under ice cooling, a 1.46 ml (18.48 mmols) of methanesulfonyl chloride was dropwise added to a mixture of 1.50 g (9.25 mmols) of the compound described above and 15 ml of pyridine. The mixture was stirred at 0° C. for further an hour and a half. Then, a 4 normal aqueous hydrochloric acid solution was added to the mixture followed by extraction of the solution with chloroform. The chloroform layer was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. The solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure, and the residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (eluent: chloroform/methanol =50/1) to afford 1.32 g (yield: 45%) of the title compound. 
     NMR (CDCl 3 ) δ (ppm): 7.55-7.95(2H, m), 7.25-7.50(2H, m), 4.81(2H, t, J=6.3 Hz), 3.63(2H, t, J=6.3 Hz), 3.29(3H, s), 3.05(3H, s) 
     REFERENCE EXAMPLE 15 
     o-[N,N-Bis(chloroethyl)amino]anisole 
     A mixture of 7.38 g (59.9 mmols) of o-anisidine, 10 ml (202.3 mmols) of ethylene oxide and 150 ml of a solvent mixture of acetic acid and water (9/1) was stirred at room temperature for 40 hours. The mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure, and the residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (eluent: chloroform/methanol =30/1) to afford o-[N,N-bis(hydroxyethyl)amino]anisole. 
     NMR (CDCl 3 ) δ (ppm): 6.75-7.30(4H, m), 3.86(3H, s), 3.51(4H, t, J=5.0 Hz), 3.19(4H, t, J=5.0 Hz) 
     To the compound described above were added 5.35 g (126.2 mmols) of lithium chloride, 9.6 ml (118.7 mmols) of pyridine and 100 ml of dimethylformamide. With stirring at 0° C., 9.3 ml (120.2 mmols) of methanesulfonyl chloride was dropwise added to the mixture, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for further 60 hours. The mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure, and the residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (eluent: hexane/ethyl acetate =4/1) to afford 5.47 g (yield: 37%) of the title compound. 
     NMR (CDCl 3 ) δ (ppm): 6.70-7.25(4H, m), 3.84(3H, s), 3.50(8H, s) 
     REFERENCE EXAMPLE 16 
     4-Cyano-5-methyl-4-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)hexyl chloride 
     With stirring under ice cooling, 20.25 g (97.7 mmols) of 3,4,5-trimethoxyphenylacetonitrile was added by small portions to 50 ml of a solution of 2.45 g (102.1 mmols) of sodium hydride in dimethylformamide. The solution was dropwise added to 100 ml of a solution of 12.45 g (101.2 mmols) of 2-bromopropane in dimethylformamide with stirring under ice cooling. The mixture was stirred under ice cooling for further 3 hours. After the reaction, an aqueous saturated sodium bicarbonate solution was added to the mixture followed by extraction of the solution with ethyl acetate. The ethyl acetate layer was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. The solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure, and the residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (eluent: hexane/ethyl acetate =4/1) to afford 13.2 g (yield: 54%) of 3-methyl-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)butyronitrile. 
     NMR (CDCl 3 ) δ (ppm): 6.49(2H, s), 3.87(6H, s), 3.84 (3H, s), 3.57(1H, d, J=6.4 Hz), 2.13(1H, m), 1.06 (6H, d, J=6.6 Hz) 
     With stirring, a mixture of 9.71 g (38.9 mmols) of the compound described above and 30 ml of toluene at 40° C., 10.08 g (179.7 mmols) of potassium hydroxide, 100 mg (0.27 mmols) of tetrabutyl ammonium iodide and 30 ml of a solution of 6.48 g (41.2 mmols) of 1-bromo-3-chloropropane in toluene were successively added thereto. The mixture was heated at 90° C. for 2 hours with stirring. The mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure, and the residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (eluent: hexane/ethyl acetate =5/1) to afford 7.10 g (yield: 56%) of the title compound. 
     NMR (CDCl 3 ) δ (ppm): 6.58(2H, s), 3.87(6H, s), 3.86 (3H, s), 3.51(2H, t, J=5.8 Hz), 1.30-2.30(5H, m), 1.21(3H, d, J=6.8 Hz), 0.84(3H, d, J=6.8 Hz) 
     REFERENCE EXAMPLE 17 
     1-(3-Chloropropyl)-7-hydroxy-4,6-dimethylbenzimidazole and 1-(3-chloropropyl)-4-hydroxy-5,7-dimethylbenzimidazole 
     A mixture of 2.50 g (10.3 mmols) of 3-benzyloxy-4,6-dimethyl-1,2-phenylenediamine [J. Med. Chem., 30, 2216 (1987)]and 20 ml of formic acid was heated under reflux for 30 minutes. The mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure, and then an aqueous saturated sodium bicarbonate solution was added to the residue followed by extraction of the solution with chloroform. The chloroform layer was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. The solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure, and the residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (eluent: chloroform/ methanol =40/1) to afford 1.59 g (yield: 61%) of 7-benzyloxy-4,6-dimethylbenzimidazole. 
     NMR (CDCl 3 ) δ (ppm): 7.84(1H, s), 7.10-7.60(5H, m), 6.86(1H, s), 5.28(2H, s), 2.47(3H, s), 2.33(3H, s) 
     With stirring under ice cooling, 1.57 g (6.26 mmols) of the compound described above was added by small portions to 50 ml of a solution of 0.15 g (6.25 mmols) of sodium hydride in dimethylformamide. The solution was dropwise added to 100 ml of a solution of 0.99 g (6.29 mmols) of 1-bromo-3-chloropropane in dimethylformamide with stirring under ice cooling. The mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight. After the reaction, an aqueous saturated sodium bicarbonate solution was added to the mixture followed by extraction of the solution with ethyl acetate. The ethyl acetate layer was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. The solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure, and the residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (eluent: chloroform/methanol =50/1) to afford 1.76 g (yield: 86%) of a mixture of 7-benzyloxy-1-(3-chloropropyl)-4,6-dimethylbenzimidazole and 4-benzyloxy-1-(3-chloropropyl)-5,7-dimethylbenzimidazole. 
     NMR (CDCl 3 ) δ (ppm): 7.79 and 7.74(1H, s), 7.10-7.60 (5H, m), 6.90 and 6.78(1H, s), 5.60 and 4.96(2H, s), 4.50 and 4.26(2H, t, J=6.7 Hz), 3.50 and 3.24 (2H, t, J=6.0 Hz), 1.90-2.70(8H, m) 
     A mixture of 1.76 g (5.35 mmols) of the mixture described above and 45 ml of a 5 normal aqueous hydrochloric acid solution was heated at 80° C. for 15 minutes with stirring. After cooling, the mixture was neutralized with an aqueous saturated sodium bicarbonate solution followed by extraction of the solution with chloroform. The chloroform layer was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, the solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure, and the residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (eluent: chloroform/methanol =30/1) to afford 1.00 g (yield: 78%) of the title compound mixture. 
     NMR (CDCl 3 ) δ (ppm): 7.74 and 7.71(1H, s), 7.32 and 7.28(1H, s), 6.79(1H, brs), 4.25-4.70(2H, m), 3.25-3.60(2H, m), 1.90-2.65(8H, m) 
     REFERENCE EXAMPLE 18 
     1-Bis(chloroethyl)amino-3-phenylthiopropane 
     A mixture of 8.30 g (44.5 mmols) of 1-chloro-3-phenylthiopropane, 100 ml of diethanolamine, 13.3 g (88.7 mmols) of sodium iodide and 250 ml of dioxan was heated under reflux for 15 hours. The mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure, and an aqueous saturated sodium bicarbonate solution was added to the mixture followed by extraction of the solution with chloroform 5 times. The chloroform layer was drided over anhydrous sodium sulfate. The solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure, and the residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (eluent: chloroform/methanol =25/1) to afford 6.46 g (yield: 57%) of 1-bis(hydroxyethyl)amino-3-phenylthiopropane. 
     NMR (CDCl 3 ) δ (ppm): 6.9-7.6(5H, m), 3.61(4H, t, J=5.4 Hz), 2.98(2H, t, J=6.9 Hz), 2.20-2.85(6H, m), 1.80(2H, m) 
     With stirring a mixture of 6.46 g (25.4 mmols) of the compound described above, 2.15 g (50.8 mmols) of lithium chloride, 4.02 g (50.8 mmols) of pyridine and 160 ml of dimethylformamide at 0° C., 5.63 g (50.8 mmols) of methanesulfonyl chloride was dropwise added thereto. The mixture was stirred at room temperature for further 50 hours. The mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure, and then an aqueous saturated sodium bicarbonate solution was added to the mixture followed by extraction of the solution with chloroform. The chloroform layer was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. The solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure, and the residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (eluent: hexane/ethyl acetate =8/1) to afford 3.82 g (yield: 44%) of the title compound. 
     NMR (CDCl 3 ) δ (ppm): 6.9-7.6(5H, m), 3.50(4H, t, J=