Abstract:
An angle, which is formed by a tire leading edge side contour line of a ground-contact configuration and a side surface of a leading edge side of a block of a first block row disposed along a tire circumferential direction, and an angle, which is formed by the tire leading edge side contour line of the ground-contact configuration and a side surface of a leading edge side of a block of a second block row disposed parallel to and asymmetrically to the first block row, are set to be substantially equal. In this way, levels of pitch noises of the first block row and the second block row can be made equal. By adjusting tire circumferential direction phases of blocks of the first block row and the second block row, the pitch noises of the same level interfere with one another. A reduction in pattern noise is thereby achieved without changing a negative ratio.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     1. Field of the Invention 
     The present invention relates to a pneumatic tire, and more particularly, to a pneumatic tire in which pattern noise is reduced while other properties (in particular, performance on wet road surfaces) are maintained. 
     2. Description of the Related Art 
     Lug grooves, which endow a pneumatic tire with performance on wet road surfaces and resistance to hydroplaning in particular, are indispensable to pneumatic tires. 
     However, due to the existence of lug grooves, pitch noise (impact noise) is generated at the time the leading (step-in) edge of a block of the pneumatic tire contacts a road surface. 
     Various studies have been conducted in order to determine methods of reducing the pattern noise generated from the lug grooves (pitch noise being the main type of pattern noise). In particular, pitch variation, transverse direction phase offsetting, and the like have been studied in an attempt to reduce pattern noise. 
     Generally, there is a correlation between the negative ratio, the sound level, and the performance on wet road surfaces. If the negative ratio is reduced, the sound level improves, but the performance on wet road surfaces deteriorates. If the negative ratio is increased, the performance on wet road surfaces improves, but the sound level deteriorates. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     In view of the aforementioned, an object of the present invention is to provide a pneumatic tire in which pattern noise can be reduced without a deterioration in the performance on wet road surfaces. 
     As illustrated in FIG. 10, impact noise is generated when a tire  100  rotates and a block  102  contacts a road surface  104 . (Hereinafter, this impact noise will be called “pitch noise”, and the waveform thereof is illustrated in FIG. 11.) 
     When the pattern of a tread is being designed, the angle of the edge portion of the block is an important factor. Therefore, the present inventors studied the angle of the block edge portion. 
     Due to the existence of lug grooves, pitch noise is generated when the leading edge of a block contacts the road surface. 
     It is known that the magnitude of the pitch noise is determined by the angle formed by the tire leading edge side contour line of the ground-contact configuration and the side surface of the block leading edge side. 
     More specifically, as illustrated in FIG. 12, when an angle θ (hereinafter, “ground-contact angle θ”), which is formed by a tire leading edge side contour line  106  of the ground contact configuration and the tire circumferential direction (the direction of arrow A and the direction of arrow B), is equal to an angle φ of the leading edge of the block  102  (the angle formed by a side surface  102 A of the leading edge side of the block  102  and the tire circumferential direction), i.e., when the tire leading edge side contour line  106  of the ground-contact configuration and the side surface  102 A of the leading edge side of the block  102  are parallel (i.e., when φ=θ), as illustrated in FIG. 13, the pitch noise is greatest. When the tire leading edge side contour line  106  of the ground-contact configuration and the side surface  102 A of the leading edge side of the block  102  are orthogonal (i.e., when the difference between θ and φ is 90°), the pitch noise is lowest. (Note that in a case in which the tire leading edge side contour line is curved, as shown in FIG. 12, the ground-contact angle θ is the angle formed by the tire circumferential direction and a tangent line SL which passes through a point tangent to the block  102  leading edge (the end portion which first contacts the ground).) 
     The angular difference between θ and φ is important to the reduction of pitch noise. 
     Here, the relationship between the tire leading edge side contour line  106  of the ground-contact configuration and the side surface  102 A of the leading edge side of the block is considered. 
     First, in a case in which blocks are provided at the left and right of the tire equatorial plane, the angles at the respective portions are set as illustrated in FIGS. 14A and 14B. Namely, with respect to a block  102 R at the right side of a tire equatorial plane CL, the angles are defined in the clockwise direction. The angle at the block leading edge is φ 1 , and the ground-contact angle formed by the tire circumferential direction and the tire leading edge side contour line  106  of the ground-contact configuration is θ 1 . 
     On the other hand, with respect to a block  102 L at the left side of the tire equatorial plane CL, the angles are defined in the counterclockwise direction. The angle at the block leading edge is φ 2 , and the ground-contact angle formed by the tire circumferential direction and the tire leading edge side contour line  106  of the ground-contact configuration is θ 2 . 
     The positional relationships among the tire leading edge side contour line  106 , the side surface  102 A of the leading edge side of the block  102 R at the right side of the tire equatorial plane CL, and the side surface  102 A of the leading edge side of the block  102 L at the left side of the tire equatorial plane CL, are as follows. 
     Assuming that β&gt;0°, α 1 &gt;0°, and α 2 &gt;0°, then θ 1 =90°+β, θ 2 =90°+β, φ 1 =90°−α 1 , and φ 2 =90°+α 2 . 
     As described above, the angular difference between the ground-contact angle θ and the angle φ of the block leading edge is important to pitch noise. The angular difference Θ 1  of the block  102  at the right side of the tire equatorial plane CL is Θ 1 =θ 1 −φ 1 =β+α 1 , and the angular difference Θ 2  of the block  102  at the left side of the tire equatorial plane CL is Θ 2 =φ 2 −θ 2 =α 2 −β. The relationship between the angles and the magnitude of the pitch noise is as shown in FIG.  15 . 
     FIG. 15 illustrates that pitch noise of a magnitude P 1  is generated from the block  102  at the right side of the tire equatorial plane CL, and pitch noise of a magnitude P 2  is generated from the block  102  at the left side of the tire equatorial plane CL. (Θ 2 &lt;Θ 1 , and therefore, the magnitudes of the pitch noise are P 2 &gt;P 1 .) 
     One conventional method of reducing pitch noise centers around the tire transverse direction phase offsetting of blocks. In the present invention as well, the phases of the left and right blocks are offset by a dimension D in the tire circumferential direction. 
     By providing a phase difference for respective pitch noises generated from block rows of blocks (generally, pairs of left and right blocks with respect to an axis extending along the tire circumferential direction (e.g., the tire equatorial plane CL)), the sounds can cancel each other out. The necessary extent of the phase difference differs in accordance with the configurations or the like of respective tires, and is determined for each tire. 
     As illustrated in FIGS. 16A and 16B, two sounds (Â and {circle around (B)}) are completely reverse phases. When the magnitude of the amplitude Pa and the magnitude of the amplitude Pb are equal, the magnitude of the combined sound is a minimum (FIG.  16 B). However, when there is a difference between the amplitudes, the magnitude of the combined sound is not zero, and a sound having a magnitude of an amplitude |Pa−Pb| remains (see FIG.  16 A). 
     It can thus be understood that, in order to make the phase offsetting effect a maximum, the magnitudes of the amplitudes of the sounds generated by the respective subject blocks must be equal. 
     Here, in FIGS. 14A and 14B, the angles of inclination of the lug grooves are equal, i.e., the side surface  102 A of the leading edge side of the block  102 L at the left side of the tire equatorial plane CL and the side surface  102 A of the leading edge side of the block  102 R at the right side of the tire equatorial plane CL are substantially parallel (i.e., α 1 ≈α 2 ). The angular difference Θ 1  of the block  102 R at the right side of the tire equatorial plane CL and the angular difference Θ 2  of the block  102 L at the left side of the tire equatorial plane CL are not the same. Sounds of different magnitudes are generated at the respective sides of the tire equatorial plane CL. Even if a block positional relationship is set in which the left and right blocks are offset in the tire circumferential direction so that the sounds at the respective sides become have reverse phases, a sound having the amplitude (P 2 −P 1 ) remains. 
     Accordingly, in order to make the sounds from the left and right blocks to be the same magnitude and to exhibit the maximum phase offset effect, it is necessary for the angular difference Θ 1 =the angular difference Θ 2 . 
     Here, there are several conditions which satisfy the angular difference Θ 1 =the angular difference Θ 2 . 
     To briefly explain by using the example of FIGS. 14A and 14B, it suffices for β+α 1 =α 2 −β. Here, β is an angle determined unambiguously from the ground-contact configuration, and a is an angle selected arbitrarily (an angle which can be changed by changing the configuration of the block). For example, if α 2  is fixed and α 1  is made small, or if α 1  is fixed and α 2  is made large, the equation β+α 1 =α 2 −β is established. The magnitude of the pitch noise generated if α 2  is fixed and α 1  is made small is P 2 , and the magnitude of the pitch noise generated if α 1  is fixed and α 2  is made large is P 1 . 
     From the standpoint of phase offsetting, both the method of fixing α 2  and making α 1  small and the method of fixing α 1  and making α 2  large are the same. However, it can be understood that it is preferable to select the method of fixing α 1 , whose pitch noise is small, and making α 2  large in both cases. 
     One aspect of the present invention is a pneumatic tire comprising: a first block row in which a plurality of blocks projecting from an outer circumference of the pneumatic tire are disposed along a tire circumferential direction; and a second block row in which a plurality of blocks projecting from the outer circumference of the pneumatic tire are disposed along the tire circumferential direction, the second block row being parallel to the first block row, wherein a side surface of a leading edge side end portion of each block of the first block row and the second block row is inclined with respect to a tire transverse direction such that an angle, which is formed by the side surface of the leading edge side end portion of each block of the first block row and a tire leading edge side contour line of a ground-contact configuration, and an angle, which is formed by the side surface of the leading edge side end portion of each block of the second block row and the tire leading edge side contour line of the ground-contact configuration, are substantially equal. Therefore, the pitch noise generated at the time of step-in at the blocks of the first block row is substantially the same level as the pitch noise generated at the time of step-in at the blocks of the second block row. 
     Therefore, by adjusting the tire circumferential direction phases of the blocks of the first block row and the blocks of the second block row, the pitch noises of substantially the same level will interfere with one another and cancel out one another, and the pattern noise of the tire can be reduced. 
     In the present invention, because there is no need to change the negative ratio, the performance on wet road surfaces and operational stability do not deteriorate. 
     In another aspect of the present invention, in the pneumatic tire of the previously-described aspect, given that the angle formed by the side surface of the leading edge side of each block of one block row and the tire leading edge side contour line is Θ 1  and the angle formed by the side surface of the leading edge side of each block of the other block row and the tire leading edge side contour line is Θ 2 , the relation |Θ 2 −Θ 1 |≦5° is satisfied. 
     As a result of investigating the relationship between the value of Θ 2 −Θ 1  and the pitch size by changing the angle φ of the block leading edge to various values, the results illustrated in FIG. 17 were obtained. From FIG. 17, it is clear that by making |Θ 2 −Θ 1 |≦5°, the pattern noise of the pneumatic tire could be reduced sufficiently. 
     In the pneumatic tire of this aspect, |Θ 2 −Θ 1 |≦5°, wherein Θ 1  is the angle formed by the tire leading edge side contour line and the side surface of the leading edge side of a block of one block row, and Θ 2  is the angle formed by the tire leading edge side contour line and the side surface of the leading edge side of a block of another block row. Therefore, the pattern noise of the tire can be reliably decreased. 
     It is even more preferable that |Θ 2 −Θ 1 |≦2°. 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     FIG. 1A is a plan view of a tread of a pneumatic tire relating to a first embodiment of the present invention, as seen from an exterior of the pneumatic tire. 
     FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view taken along line  1 B— 1 B of FIG. 1A (and illustrating only the contour of the cross-section and not the internal structure). 
     FIG. 2 illustrates a ground-contact configuration of the pneumatic tire relating to the first embodiment. 
     FIG. 3A is a view for explaining a relationship of angles of the ground-contact configuration and second blocks (wherein, for convenience of explanation, left and right second blocks are shown in a state in which there is no offset in the tire circumferential direction). 
     FIG. 3B is a view for explaining a relationship of angles of the ground-contact configuration and shoulder blocks (wherein, in the same way as in FIG. 3A, left and right shoulder blocks are shown in a state in which there is no offset in the tire circumferential direction). 
     FIG. 4 is a plan view of a tread of a pneumatic tire relating to a conventional example. 
     FIG. 5 is a plan view of a tread of a pneumatic tire relating to a comparative example. 
     FIG. 6 is a plan view of a tread of a pneumatic tire relating to a second embodiment of the present invention. 
     FIG. 7 illustrates a ground-contact configuration of the pneumatic tire relating to the second embodiment. 
     FIG. 8 is a plan view of a tread of a pneumatic tire relating to a conventional example. 
     FIG. 9 is a plan view of a tread of a pneumatic tire relating to a comparative example. 
     FIG. 10 is a view for explaining a pitch noise generating mechanism. 
     FIG. 11 illustrates an example of measurement of pitch noise. 
     FIG. 12 is a view for explaining a block leading edge angle and a ground-contact angle. 
     FIG. 13 is a graph illustrating the relationship between a block leading edge angle, a ground-contact angle, and pitch noise. 
     FIGS. 14A and 14B are views for explaining ground-contact angles and angles of leading edges of two blocks at either side of a tire equatorial plane. 
     FIG. 15 is a graph illustrating the relationship between an angle and pitch noise. 
     FIGS. 16A and 16B are views for explaining a method of reducing pitch noise. 
     FIG. 17 is a graph illustrating the relationship between Θ 1 −Θ 2  and pitch noise. 
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
     First Embodiment 
     As illustrated in FIGS. 1A and 1B, at a tread  12  of a pneumatic tire  10  (tire size: PSR 225/50R16) of the present first embodiment, circumferential direction grooves  14 ,  16 ,  18 ,  20  which extend along the tire circumferential direction (the direction of arrow A and the direction of arrow B) are formed in that order from the tire transverse direction left side (the side in the direction of arrow L) toward the transverse direction right side (the side in the direction of arrow R). 
     At the tread  12 , shoulder blocks  24 , which are defined by lug grooves  22  which are parallel to the tire transverse direction, are provided at the arrow L direction side of the circumferential direction groove  14 . Shoulder blocks  28 , which are defined by lug grooves  26  which are parallel to the tire transverse direction, are provided at the arrow R direction side of the circumferential direction groove  20 . 
     Second blocks  32 , which are defined by lug grooves  30  which are inclined upwardly to the right with respect to the tire transverse direction, are formed between the circumferential direction groove  14  and the circumferential direction groove  16 . Second blocks  36 , which are defined by lug grooves  34  which are inclined upwardly to the right with respect to the tire transverse direction, are formed between the circumferential direction groove  18  and the circumferential direction groove  20 . 
     A rib  38 , which is continuous along the tire circumferential direction, is formed between the circumferential direction groove  16  and the circumferential direction groove  18 . 
     The ground-contact configuration of the pneumatic tire  10  is substantially oval as illustrated in FIG.  2 . (The vertical lines in FIG. 2 are the traces of the circumferential direction grooves. The traces of the lug grooves are omitted from the figure.) 
     The following angles, which are illustrated in FIGS. 3A and 3B, as well as the widths of the lug grooves  22 ,  26 ,  30 ,  34  are as per following Table 1: the ground-contact angle θ 1  of the second block  36  and the shoulder block  28  at the right side of the tire equatorial plane CL, the leading edge angle φ 1  of the second block  36  and the shoulder block  28  at the right side of the tire equatorial plane CL, the ground-contact angle θ 2  of the second block  32  and the shoulder block  24  at the left side of the tire equatorial plane CL, the leading edge angle φ 2  of the second block  32  and the shoulder block  24  at the left side of the tire equatorial plane CL, the angle Θ 2  formed by the side surface of the leading edge side of the second block  32  and the shoulder block  24  at the left side of the tire equatorial plane CL and by a tangent line SL tangent to a tire leading edge side contour line HL (i.e., the angle of the difference between the angle φ 2  and the ground-contact angle θ 2 ), and the angle Θ 1  formed by the side surface of the leading edge side of the second block  36  and the shoulder block  28  at the right side of the tire equatorial plane CL and by the tangent line SL tangent to the tire leading edge side contour line HL (i.e., the angle of the difference between the angle φ 1  and the ground-contact angle θ 1 ). 
     Note that the tire rotating direction is the direction of arrow B. 
     
       
         
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                   
                 TABLE 1 
               
             
             
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Conventional 
                   
                 Comparative 
               
               
                   
                 Example 1 
                 Embodiment 1 
                 Example 1 
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                   
                 shoul- 
                   
                 shoul- 
                   
                 shoul- 
               
               
                   
                 second 
                 der 
                 second 
                 der 
                 second 
                 der 
               
               
                   
                 block 
                 block 
                 block 
                 block 
                 block 
                 block 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 Ground- 
                 95° 
                 120° 
                 95° 
                 120° 
                 95° 
                 120° 
               
               
                 contact angles 
               
               
                 θ1, θ2 
               
               
                 Block leading 
                 70° 
                 70° 
                 72.5° 
                 90° 
                 62.5° 
                 70° 
               
               
                 edge angle φ1 
               
               
                 Block leading 
                 110° 
                 110° 
                 117.5° 
                 90° 
                 107.5° 
                 110° 
               
               
                 edge angle φ2 
               
               
                 Θ1 (|θ1-φ1|) 
                 25° 
                 50° 
                 22.5° 
                 30° 
                 32.5° 
                 50° 
               
               
                 Θ2 (|φ2-θ2|) 
                 15° 
                 10° 
                 22.5° 
                 30° 
                 12.5° 
                 10° 
               
               
                 |Θ1-Θ2| 
                 10° 
                 40° 
                 0° 
                 0° 
                 20° 
                 40° 
               
             
          
           
               
                 Lug 
                 inner 
                 6 mm 
                 6 mm 
                 9 mm 
                 6 mm 
                 3 mm 
                 6 mm 
               
               
                 groove 
                 side 
               
               
                 width 
                 outer 
                 6 mm 
                 6 mm 
                 3 mm 
                 6 mm 
                 9 mm 
                 6 mm 
               
               
                   
                 side 
               
             
          
           
               
                 Pattern noise 
                 control 
                 −1.2 dB 
                 +0.5 dB 
               
               
                 (as measured 
               
               
                 by instrument) 
               
               
                 Pattern noise 
                 100 
                 120 
                  90 
               
               
                 (as evaluated 
               
               
                 by feeling) 
               
               
                 Performance 
                 100 
                 100 
                 100 
               
               
                 on wet road 
               
               
                 surfaces 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
     In order to confirm the effects of the present invention, an Embodiment 1 tire to which the present invention was applied, a Conventional Example 1 tire, and a Comparative Example 1 tire were prepared, and the pattern noises and performances on wet road surfaces thereof were compared. 
     The pattern of the Conventional Example 1 tire was as shown in FIG. 4, and the pattern of the Comparative Example 1 tire was as shown in FIG.  5 . The angles of the respective regions and the like were as shown in above Table 1. 
     Each of the tires used in the experiments was the same size (PSR 225/50R16). The ground-contact configuration at the time the tire was mounted to a 7JJ rim, inflated to an internal pressure of 230 kPa, and subjected to a load of 400 kg was used. Each of the tires had the same negative ratio. 
     The pattern noise (as measured by instrument) was the measured value with a sound meter set within the driver&#39;s seat in a vicinity of the position of a driver&#39;s ear at the time the vehicle was allowed to coast on a straight, flat road after reaching a speed of 55 km/h. 
     The pattern noise (as evaluated by feeling) was the results of evaluation by the senses of a vehicle occupant under the same conditions as described above. These results were expressed as indices with the Conventional Example 1 tire having a value of 100, and the higher the value, the better the feeling (i.e., the less unpleasant). 
     The performance on wet road surfaces was evaluated by the time required for a vehicle to pass over a 90 m section of a wet road surface with a depth of water of 5 mm, while zigzagging through 5 pylons. The results were expressed as indices with the time of the Conventional Example 1 tire being an index of 100. The higher the value, the shorter the time, and the better the performance on wet road surfaces. 
     As measured by the noise meter, the Embodiment 1 tire to which the present invention was applied had a pattern noise which was 1.2 dB lower than the Conventional Example 1 tire, and the Comparative Example 1 tire had a pattern noise which was 0.5 dB higher than the Conventional Example 1 tire. Further, the pattern noise of the Embodiment 1 tire also exhibited good results when evaluated by the feeling of the vehicle occupant. 
     It is clear that the reason why the pattern noise of the present Embodiment 1 tire was low is that the magnitudes of the pitch noises generated from the blocks were set to be the same at the left and right of the tire equatorial plane CL (|Θ 1 −Θ 2 |=0) such that the pattern noises canceled each other out. 
     It is clear that the reason why the pattern noise of the Comparative Example 1 tire was high is that the magnitudes of the pitch noises generated from the blocks differed greatly at the left and right of the tire equatorial plane CL (i.e., |Θ 1 −Θ 2 | was large). 
     From the standpoint of feeling as well, the pattern noise of the Embodiment 1 tire to which the present invention was applied was less than that of the Conventional Example 1 tire and the Comparative Example 1 tire. 
     Further, with regard to the performance on wet road surfaces, the Embodiment 1 tire, the Conventional Example 1 tire, and the Comparative Example 1 tire were all the same. 
     When the direction of rotation of the tire is the direction opposite to that described above (i.e., when the direction of rotation of the tire is the direction of arrow A), the angles are set in the same way, and there is no directionality with respect to the mounting of the tire. Therefore, the groove widths of the lug grooves  30 ,  34  are not parallel to each other. 
     Second Embodiment 
     A second embodiment of the present invention will be described hereinafter with reference to FIGS. 6 and 7. 
     As illustrated in FIG. 6, at a tread  42  of a pneumatic tire  40  (tire size: PSR 195/65R14) of the present second embodiment, circumferential direction grooves  44 ,  46 ,  48 , which extend along the tire circumferential direction (the direction of arrow A and the direction of arrow B), are formed in that order from the tire transverse direction left side (the side in the direction of arrow L) toward the tire transverse direction right side (the side in the direction of arrow R). 
     At the tread  42 , shoulder blocks  52  defined by lug grooves  50  are disposed at the arrow L direction side of the circumferential direction groove  44 . Shoulder blocks  56  defined by lug grooves  54  are disposed at the arrow R direction side of the circumferential direction groove  48 . 
     Second blocks  60  defined by lug grooves  58  are formed between the circumferential direction groove  44  and the circumferential direction groove  46 . Second blocks  64  defined by lug grooves  62  are formed between the circumferential direction groove  46  and the circumferential direction groove  48 . 
     The ground-contact configuration of the pneumatic tire  40  is a substantial rectangle having slightly rounded corners as illustrated in FIG.  7 . (The vertical lines in FIG. 7 are the traces of the circumferential direction grooves. The traces of the lug grooves are omitted from the figure.) 
     The pneumatic tire  40  of Embodiment 2, a pneumatic tire  66  of Conventional Example 2 having the pattern illustrated in FIG. 8, and a pneumatic tire  68  of Comparative Example 2 having the pattern illustrated in FIG. 9 were manufactured and were tested in the same way as in the first embodiment. 
     The methods of measuring the angles and the like of the respective portions were the same as in the first embodiment. The angles and dimensions of the respective portions and the results of the experiments are shown in following Table 2. 
     
       
         
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                   
                 TABLE 2 
               
             
             
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Conventional 
                   
                 Comparative 
               
               
                   
                 Example 2 
                 Embodiment 2 
                 Example 2 
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                   
                 shoul- 
                   
                 shoul- 
                   
                 shoul- 
               
               
                   
                 second 
                 der 
                 second 
                 der 
                 second 
                 der 
               
               
                   
                 block 
                 block 
                 block 
                 block 
                 block 
                 block 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 Ground- 
                 92° 
                 98° 
                 92° 
                 98° 
                 92° 
                 98° 
               
               
                 contact angles 
               
               
                 θ1, θ2 of 
               
               
                 ground-contact 
               
               
                 configuration 
               
               
                 leading edge 
               
               
                 Block leading 
                 65° 
                 75° 
                 67° 
                 83° 
                 63° 
                 67° 
               
               
                 edge angle φ1 
               
               
                 Block leading 
                 115° 
                 105° 
                 117° 
                 113° 
                 113° 
                 97° 
               
               
                 edge angle φ2 
               
               
                 Θ1 (|θ1-φ1|) 
                 27° 
                 23° 
                 25° 
                 15° 
                 29° 
                 31° 
               
               
                 Θ2 (|φ2-θ2|) 
                 23° 
                 7° 
                 25° 
                 15° 
                 21° 
                 1° 
               
               
                 |Θ1-Θ2| 
                 4° 
                 16° 
                 0° 
                 0° 
                 8° 
                 30° 
               
             
          
           
               
                 Lug 
                 inner 
                 8 mm 
                 8 mm 
                 10 mm 
                 13 mm 
                 6 mm 
                 3 mm 
               
               
                 groove 
                 side 
               
               
                 width 
                 outer 
                 8 mm 
                 8 mm 
                 6 mm 
                 3 mm 
                 10 mm 
                 13 mm 
               
               
                   
                 side 
               
             
          
           
               
                 Pattern noise 
                 control 
                 −1.1 dB 
                 +0.9 dB 
               
               
                 (as measured 
               
               
                 by instrument) 
               
               
                 Pattern noise 
                 100 
                 120 
                  80 
               
               
                 (as evaluated 
               
               
                 by feeling) 
               
               
                 Performance 
                 100 
                 100 
                 100 
               
               
                 on wet road 
               
               
                 surfaces 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
     It is clear that the reason why the pattern noise of the Embodiment 2 tire was low is that the magnitudes of the pitch noises generated from the blocks were set to be the same at the left and right of the tire equatorial plane CL (|Θ 1 −Θ 2 |=0) such that the pattern noises canceled each other out, in the same way as in the first embodiment. 
     It is clear that the reason why the pattern noise of the Comparative Example 2 tire was high is that the magnitudes of the pitch noises generated from the blocks differed greatly at the left and right of the tire equatorial plane CL (i.e., |Θ 1 −Θ 2 | was large). 
     From the standpoint of feeling as well, the pattern noise of the Embodiment 2 tire to which the present invention was applied was less than that of the Conventional Example 2 tire and the Comparative Example 2 tire. 
     The performances on wet road surfaces of the Embodiment 2 tire, the Conventional Example 2 tire, and the Comparative Example 2 tire were all the same.