Abstract:
An emulsifiable concentrate comprising an agriculturally active chemical, a surfactant, an organic diluent and a solvent having a component capable of solubilizing the agriculturally active chemical and, in conjunction with the surfactant, being effective to disperse the agriculturally active chemical. The inventive concentrate allows for high concentrations of the active ingredient, exhibits excellent stability and produces highly stable compositions upon dilution with water.

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO OTHER APPLICATIONS 
     This application is a continuation-in-part of application Ser. No. 07/448,707, filed Dec. 11, 1989; now U.S. Pat. No. 5,071,463 the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     I. Field of the Invention 
     The invention relates to a delivery system for agriculturally active chemicals. More particularly, the invention relates to an emulsifiable concentrate of difficult to dissolve agricultural chemicals. 
     II. Description of the Prior Art 
     Agricultural chemicals are most preferably applied in the form of aqueous emulsions, solutions, or suspensions. Occasionally, they may also be applied in the form of a dust wherein the active ingredient is adsorbed onto or mixed with a finely divided inert carrier material, such as, china clay, or the like. With such powdered or dust compositions, drift due to wind is a problem and consequently, liquid formulations are preferred. 
     One of the problems with such liquid formulations is the fact that chemicals having agricultural activity often exhibit extreme insolubility in water. This results in their having to be dissolved either in organic solvents or utilized in the form of emulsions or suspensions. With respect to the use of organic solvents, these are generally disadvantageous from an environmental and cost viewpoint. Particularly, such organic chemicals may exhibit toxicity or side-effects which may be adverse to the effect of the agricultural chemical itself or to the subsequent fruit or vegetable produced in the particular agricultural use. This toxicity may also be disadvantageous with respect to handling. 
     When attempts are made to provide emulsified or suspension formulations, difficulties are encountered with respect to providing a desirably high concentration of the agriculturally active ingredient. Thus, when such agriculturally active chemicals are formulated into an emulsion, it is difficult to maintain the emulsified state. This makes it difficult to maintain a uniform formulation, particularly, when the formulation is diluted with water for application to the plants. 
     Typically, for example, the agriculturally active ingredient is mixed with one or more of a variety of conventional solvents and an emulsifying agent to form a concentrate. This concentrate may be an emulsion, suspension, or solution. The concentrate is then stored until it is transported to the site of use or may simply be transported and stored at the site of use. In any event, the concentrate normally will undergo some period of storage until it is ready for use. Understandably, it is most desirable to be able to transport the agriculturally active ingredient at the highest concentration possible so as to minimize the volume of material which need be transported. By the same token, however, at the use site, it is normally not feasible to admix ingredients together or to process them other than to dilute the concentrate with water. Accordingly, it is important that the concentrate emulsify easily, i.e., exhibit good &#34;bloom&#34;, upon the addition of water. In addition, at the use site, it is often necessary to store the diluted concentrate for extended time periods until the actual application to the plants. Consequently, it is important that the diluted form of the concentrate exhibit good stability with respect to the uniformity of the emulsion and to avoid precipitation of the active ingredients. If non-uniformity or precipitation occurs in the diluted form, then non-uniformity will result in the application of the diluted formulation to the plants. 
     An attempt to provide concentrates of agriculturally useful chemicals is disclosed in South African patent application No. 695,393, filed Jul. 25, 1969. This application is directed to the formulation of a concentrate substantially water-insoluble pesticides for agricultural use. The pesticides, either in oil or solid form, are mixed with pyrrolidones having a hydrogen or a lower alkyl group containing from 1 to 4 carbon atoms attached to the nitrogen atom of the pyrrolidone ring. The application discloses that concentrated solutions of difficult to dissolve pesticides could be formulated and that such concentrates exhibited good stability. The concentrates utilized are those containing the pesticidal active ingredient, the particular lower alkyl pyrrolidone, a co-solvent which is usually a common organic solvent, such as, an aromatic including xylene, methylated and polyalkylated naphthalenes and aliphatic solvents, and a dispersing or emulsifying agent, such as, a surfactant, including polyoxyethylene alkylphenols, polyoxyethylene fatty esters, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty esters which may be blended with oil-soluble sulfonates, calcium and aminosulfonate salts, and the like. 
     This prior art does not offer a solution to the problem arising from the difficulty in maintaining the stability of the emulsion after the concentrate is diluted with water. Consequently, unless the diluted form of the concentrate is used immediately after emulsification, it is difficult to provide a stable diluted formulation for application to the plants. 
     U. S. Pat. No. 4,798,837 discloses an emulsifiable concentrate of the pesticidal compound (CGA): ##STR1## 
     This active concentrate contains 10% of the active ingredient using 30% cyclohexanone as the solvent. However, cyclohexanone is highly toxic. For such agricultural uses, it is desirable to avoid the use of toxic solvents, including those of Lists 1 and 2 of 40 C.F.R. 154.7 dated Apr. 22, 1987, which includes inerts of toxicological concern and solvents having high flash points, as well as to increase the amount of the agriculturally active material in the concentrate. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     We have discovered a novel emulsifiable concentrate of an agriculturally active chemical, which concentrate provides, upon dilution, a highly stable emulsion and avoids precipitation of the active ingredient on extended storage. In addition, the inventive emulsifiable concentrates may contain relatively high concentrations of the agriculturally active ingredient, sometimes referred to as a &#34;loading&#34;, making it advantageous from both economic and handling viewpoints. Also, the concentrates of the present invention utilize organic materials which do not pose environmental problems either in use or handling. 
     More particularly, the emulsifiable concentrate of the present invention is composed of an agriculturally active chemical, a surfactant, an organic diluent, and a hydrophobic solvent having the following Hansens&#39; solubility parameters: 
     Dispersive component from about 56 to 75%; 
     Polar component from about 8 to 24%; and 
     H-bonding component of from about 10 to 30%. 
     This solvent should also have surfactant properties and act as a non-ionic surfactant with an HLB value ranging from about 2 to 8. 
     For a discussion of the solubility parameters, see C.R.C. Handbook of Solubility Parameters and Other Cohesion Parameters, Allan F.M. Barton, 1983, Table 9, p. 167-170. 
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT 
     As used herein, the term &#34;agriculturally active chemical&#34; includes compounds and mixtures thereof which can be used as agricultural fertilizers, nutrients, plant growth accelerants, herbicides, plant growth controlling chemicals, and chemicals which are effective in killing plants, insects, microorganisms, fungi, bacteria and the like which are commonly referred to as insecticides, bactericides, fungicides, nematocides, fumigants, and the like, as well as any other chemicals having properties which are suitable for agricultural uses in terms of application to plants or domestic uses for controlling insects and pests. Particularly, such chemicals would normally take the form of water-immiscible or oily liquids and/or solids which is substantially insoluble in water. By the term &#34;substantially insoluble&#34;, it is meant that for all practical purposes, the solubility of the compound in water is insufficient to make the compound practicably usable in an agricultural end use without some modification either to increase its solubility or dispersability in water, so as to increase the compound&#39;s bioavailability or avoid the use of excessively large volumes of solvent. 
     Suitable agriculturally active chemicals which can be used with the present invention include insecticides, such as, cyclocompounds, carbamates, animal and plant derivatives, synthetic pyrethroids, diphenyl compounds, non-phosphates, organic phosphates, thiophosphates, and dithiophosphates. (See Agricultural Chemicals, Book I, Insecticides, 1989 Revision by W.T. Thomson, Thomson Publications.) Typical of the insecticides are: 
     
         ______________________________________cyclocompounds:         6,7,8,9,10,10-hexachloro-         1,5,5a,6,9,9a-hexahydro-6,9-methano-         2,4,3-benzodioxathiepin-3-oxidecarbamates:   2-isopropyl phenyl-N-methyl         carbamate;         2-(1,3-dioxolan-2yl) phenylmethyl         carbamate;         2,3-isopropylidine dioxyphenyl         methyl carbamate;animal and plant         chlorinated hydrocarbons derivedderivatives:  from Southern pine; naturally         occuring lactone glycoside;synthetic     (±) α-cyano-3-phenoxybenzyl (±) cis,pyrethroids:  trans 3-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)-2,2-di-         methyl cyclopropane carboxylate;         (±) cyano (3-phenoxyphenyl methyl         (±)-4-(difluoromethoxy) α-(1-         methylethyl) benzene acetate;phenoxy compounds         2,2-bis(p-methoxy phenyl)-1,1,1,tri-and non-phosphate:         chloroethane;         1,3,5,tri-n-propyl-1,3,5-triazine-         2,4,6 (1H,3H,5H) trione;         ethyl (2E, 4E)-3,7,11-trimethyl-         2,4-dodeca dienoate;         1-decycloxy 4-[(7-oxa-oct-4-ynyl)]-         oxybenzene;organic phosphates:         dimethyl phophate ester of 3-hy-         droxy-N,N-dimethyl-cis-crotonamide;         2-chloro-1-(2,4-dichloro phenyl)         vinyl diethylphosphate;         4-(methyl thio) phenyl dipropyl         phosphate;thiophosphates:         0,0-diethyl-0-4-nitrophenyl phos-         phorothioate;         0,0-diethyl-0-(2,isopropyl-6-methyl-         5-pyrimidinyl) phosphorothioate;         2-diethylamino-6-methyl pyrimidine-         4-yl dimethyl phosphorothioate;dithiophosphates:         0,0-dimethyl phosphorodithioate         ester of diethylmercapto succinate;         0-ethyl-S-phenyl ethyl phosphorodi-         thioate.______________________________________ 
    
     Typical herbicides include phenoxy compounds, benzoic, acetic, and phthalic acids, aniline derivatives, nitriles, amides, acetamides, anilides, carbamates, thiocarbamates, and heterocyclic nitrogen derivatives, e.g., triazines, pyridines, pyridazones, picolinic acid, and urea derivates and phosphates. (See Agricultural Chemicals, Book II, Herbicides, 1986-87 Edition, W.T. Thomson, Thomson Publications, Fresno, CA 93791.) Exemplary of the above compounds are: 
     
         ______________________________________phenoxy compounds:         2,4-Dichlorophenoxy acetic acid         2,4,5-trichloro phenoxyacetic acid;         4-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy) butyric         acid;         S-ethyl 2 methyl-4-chlorophenoxy-         thioacetate;         2-methyl-4-chloro-phenoxy acetic         acid;         methyl 5-(2,4-dichloro-phenoxy)-2-         nitrobenzoate;benzoic and acetic         3,6-dichloro-o-anisic acidacids of phthalic         4-chloro-2-oxo benzothiazolin-3-ylcompounds:    acetic acid;         N-1-Naphthyl-phthalamic acid;nitriles and aniline         3-5-dibromo-4-hydroxybenzo-nitrile;derivatives:  α,α,α,trifluoro-2,6-dinitro-N,         N-dipropyl-p-tolinidine;         N-(1-ethylpropyl)-2,6-dinitro-3,4-         xylidine;amides, acetamides,         N,N-diethyl-2-(1-naphthalenyl oxy)-anilides:     propionamide;         2,6-dimethyl-N-2&#39; methoxy-ethyl-         chloro-acetanilide;         3&#39;,4&#39;-dichloro-propionanilide;         α-chloracetic-N-(3,5,5-trimethyl-         cyclohexen-1-yl)-N-isopropylamide;         4-benzyl-N-isopropyl trimethyl         acetamide;thiocarbamates:         S-ethyl dipropyl thiocarbamate;urea derivatives:         3-(5-tert-butyl-3-isoxazoyl)-1,1-         dimethyl urea;         N-(2,6-trifluoro-benzoyl)-N&#39;-[2,5-         dichloro-4-(1,1,2,3,3,3-hexafluoro-         propyloxy) phenyl] urea;pyrrolidone   1-(m-trifluoro methyl phenyl)-3-derivatives:  chloro-4-chloromethyl-2-pyrroli-         done;amino acid    methyl N-benzoyl-N-(3-chloro-4-derivatives:  fluorophenyl)-DL alarinate;         N-chloroacetyl-N-(2,6-diethyl         phenyl)-glycine ethyl ester;carbamates:   isopropyl-m-chlorocarbanilate;         3-ethoxy (carbonyl aminophenyl)-N-         phenyl carbamate;heterocyclics:         4-amino-3,5-dichloro-6-fluoro-2-         pyridyloxy acetic acid;         4-(1,2-Dimethyl-N-propyl amino)-2-         ethyl amino-6-methyl thio-S-         triazine;         2-[4,5-dihydro 4-methyl-4-(1-methyl         ethyl)-5-oxo-1 H-imidazoyl-2yl-3-         byridinecarboxylic acid;         2-[3,5-dichlorophenyl)-2-(2,2,2-         trichloroethyl) oxinane;         butyl-9-hydro-fluorene-(9)-         carboxylate;         2-[1-(ethoxy imino) butyl]-3-         hydroxy-5-(2H-tetra hydro thiopyran-         3-yl)-2-cyclohexene-ione;         2-(2 chlorophenyl) methyl-4,4-         dimethyl-3-iso oxazolidinone;phosphates:   0-ethyl-0-(3-methyl-6-nitro phenyl)         N-sec-butyl phosphoro thio amidate.______________________________________ 
    
     Typical fungicides include (See Agricultural Chemicals, Book IV, Fungicides, 1989 Revision, W.T. Thomson, Thomson Publications, Fresno, CA 93791): 
     
         ______________________________________organic compounds:        2,5-dimethyl-N-Cyclohexyl-N-methoxy-        3-furan carboxamide;        5-Ethyoxy-3-trichloromethyl-1,2,4-        thiadiazole;        3-(2-methyl piperidino) propyl 3,4-        dichlorobenzoate;        N,N&#39;-(1,4-piperazinediyl bis (2,2,2-        trichloro) ethylidene) bis        formamide;        Tetramethyl thiuram disulfide;        0-Ethyl-S,S,diphenyl-dithiophos-        phate;        5,10-dihydro-5,10-dioxo naphtho        (2,3,9)-p-dithiin-2,3-dicarbo-        nitrile;        2-(Thiocyano methyl thio) benzo-        thiazole;        α-2-(4-chlorophenyl) ethyl]-α-(1,1-        dimethyl ethyl)-1 H-1,2,4-triazole-        1-ethanol;morpholines: N-tridecyl-2,6-dimethyl morpholine;        4-N-dodecyl-2,6-dimethyl morpholine;______________________________________ 
    
     Typical fumigants, growth regulators, repellants, and rodenticides include (See Agricultural Chemicals, Book III, Fumigants, 1988-1989 Revision, W.T. Thomson, Thomson Publications, Fresno, CA 93791): 
     
         ______________________________________growth regulants:         1,2 Dihydro-6-ethyoxy-2,2,4-tri-         methylquinoline;         (2-chloroethyl) phosphoric acid;         4-[acetamino) methyl]-2-chloro-N         (2,6-diethyl phenyl acetamide;         Benzoic acid, 3,6 dichloro-2-         methoxy,2-ethoxy-1-methyl-2-oxo         ethyl ester;repellants:   0,0-dimethyl-0-[(4-methyl thio)-m-         tolyl] phosphorothioate;         Tetriary butyl-sulfenyl dimethyl         dithio carbamate;seed softener:         2-chloro-6-(trichlomethyl) pyridine;         5-ethoxy-3-trichloromethyl-1,2,4-         thiadiazole;         N-phenyl-N&#39;-1,2,3-thiadiazol-5-yl         urea;______________________________________ 
    
     Pesticides may be characterized by their physical properties, depending on their physical state at normal or ambient conditions, i.e., between 40° F. and 90° F. and their solubility or miscibility with water or other common organic solvents, e.g., aromatics, such as, toluene, xylene, methylated and polyalkylated naphthalenes, and aliphatic solvents. 
     Based on the physical properties, the pesticides may be classified into two groups. The first group includes those which are oily liquids at ambient temperatures and are immiscible with water. Specific pesticides include: 
     Common esters of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, 
     Common esters of 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid, 
     Common esters of 2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy) propionic acid, 
     Common esters of 2-(2,4,5-trichlorophenozy) propionic acid, 
     Common esters of 2,4-dichlorobutyric acid, 
     Common esters of 2,methoxy-3,6-dichlorobenzoic acid, 
     Common esters of 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid, 
     Piperonyl butoxide 3,4-methylenedioxy-6-propyl benzyl n-butyl diethylene glycol ether, 
     Bromophos ethyl: 0,0-diethyl-0-2,5-dichloro-4-bromophenyl thionophosphate, 
     N-(2-mercaptoethyl) benzene-sulfenamide (BETASAN®), 
     Isobornyl Thiocyanoacetate (Thanite®), 
     Ioxynil ester of octanoic acid, 
     Molinate S-ethyl hexahydro - 1 H - azepine-1-carbothioate, 
     PP 511 0,0-dimethyl-(2-diethylamine 4-methyl-6-pyrimidinyl) carbamate, 
     PP 211 0,0-diethyl O-(2-diethylamine-4-methyl-6-pyrimidinyl) phosphorocarbamate, 
     Chlordane 
     5-Ethoxy-3-(trichlorometyl)-1,2,4-thiadiazole (TERRAZALE®), 
     Ethyl-s-s-dipropyl-phosphodithioate (MOCAP®), 
     S-Ethyl dipropylthiocarbamate (EPTAM®) 
     S-Ethyl diisobutylthiocarbamat (SUTAN®), 
     S-n. propyl-di-n-propylthiocarbamate (VERNAM®), 
     S-propyl butylethylthiocarbamatae (TILLAM®), 
     S-ethyl ethylcyclohexylthiocarbamate (RO-NEET®), 
     Malathion (S-(1,2-dicarboxyethyl)-0,0-dimethyl phosphorodithioate), 
     Diazinon (0,0-diethyl, 0-(2-isopropyl-4-methyl-6-pyrimidinyl) phosphorothioate, 
     O-Ethyl-S-phenyl-ethylphosphonodithioate (DYFONATE®), 
     Toxaphene (Octachlorocamphene), 
     Bromoxynil (3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxy benzonitrile ester of n.octanoic acid, 
     2-chloro-N-2,6-diethylphenyl-N-methoxymethylacetamide (LASSO®), 
     Diallate S-2,3-dichloroallyl N,N-diisopropylthiolcarbamate, 
     Triallate S-2,33-trichloroallyl N,N-diisopropylthiolcarbamate. 
     The second group comprises those pesticides which are solids at ambient temperatures and for all practical purposes, insoluble in water. 
     2,4,5-T (2,4,5-trichlorophenoxy acetic acid) 
     Monuron (3-(p-chlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethyl urea) 
     Diuron (3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethyl urea) 
     Bromacil (5 bromo-3-sec. butyl-6-methyl uracil) 
     Isocil (5 bromo-3-isopropyl-6-methyl uracil) 
     Linuron (3-(3,4 dichlorophenyl)-1-methoxy-1 methyl urea 
     Atrazine (2-chloro-4-ethylamino-6 isopropylamino-s-triazine) Simazine (2-chloro-4,6,-bis (ethylamino)-s-triazine 
     Dodine (n-dodecylguanidine acetate) 
     Thiram (tetramethylthiuram disulfide) 
     N-(mercaptomethyl)phthalimide s-(o,o dimethylphosphorodithioate) (IMIDAN®) 
     Lindane (gamma 1,2,3,4,5,6 hexachlorocyclohexane) 
     Folpet (N-trichloromethylphthalimide) 
     Manazon (s-(4,6-diamino-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl methyl)dimethyl phosphorothiolthionate) 
     Barban (4-chloro-2 butynyl m-chlorocarbanilate) 
     Tricumba 2-methoxy-3,5,6-trichlorobenzoic acid 
     Trifluralin (2,6-dinitro-N,N-dipropyl-4-trifluoromethylamiline) (2,3 dihydro-5-carboxanilido-6-methyl-1,4-oxathiin) (VITAVAX®) 
     2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid 
     4-(4-chloro-2 methylphenoxy) butyric acid 
     2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy) propionic acid 
     Ioxynil: 3,5 diiodo-4-hydroxybenzonitrile 
     Bromoxynil: 3,5 dibromo-4-hydroxybenzonitrile 
     Carbaryl: 1-naphthyl-N-methylcarbamate 
     Methoxychlor: 2,2,-Bis(p-methoxyphenyl)-1,1-trichloroethane 
     PP 781: 4(2-chloro phenylhydrazono)-3-methyl-5-isoxazolone* 
     PP 675: 5-butyl-2-dimethylamino-4-hydroxy-6-methyl pyrimidine* 
     PP 062: 5,6-dimethyl-2-dimethylamino-4 pyrimidinyl dimethylcarbamate* 
     PP 149: 5-n-butyl-2 ethylamino-4-hydroxy-6 methylpyrimidine* 
    
     C 6313 N&#39;-(4-bromo-3-chlorophenyl)-N-methoxy-N-methylurea 
     C 6989 2,4&#39;dinitro-4-trifluoromethyl-diphenylether 
     Chloroxuron N&#39;-4-(chlorophenoxy) phenyl-NN-dimethylurea 
     Dichlobenil 2,6-dichlorobenzonitrile 
     Diphenamid NN-dimethyl-2,2-diphenylacetamide 
     Fenac 2,3,6-trichlorophenylacetic acid 
     Fluometuron N&#39;-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)-NN-dimethylurea 
     GS 14260 4-ethylamino-2-methylthio-6-t-butyl-amino-1,3,5-triazine 
     PCP Pentachlorophenol 
     Lenacil 3-cyclohexyl-6,7-dihydro-1H-cyclo-pentapyrimidine-2,4-(3H,5H)-dione 
     Pyrazon 5-amino-4-chloro-2-phenyl-3-pyridazone 
     Metrobromuron N&#39;-(4-bromophenyl)-N-methoxy-N-methylurea 
     Metoxymarc N-(4-methoxybenzoyl)-N-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-N&#39;,N&#39;-dimethylurea 
     Neburon N-butyl-N&#39;-(3,4-dichlorophenyl-N-methylurea 
     NIA 11092 1,1-dimethyl-3-[3-(n-t-butyl carbamyloxy)phenyl] urea 
     Mecoprop 2-(4-chloro-2 methylphenoxy)propionic acid 
     Monolinuron N&#39;-(4-chlorophenyl)-N-methoxy-N-methylurea 
     Nitrofen 2,4-dichlorphenyl 4-nitrophenylether 
     Propanil N-(3,4-dichlororphenyl)propionamide 
     Pyriclor 2,3,5-trichloro-4-pyridinol 
     Solan 3&#39;-chloro-2-methyl-p-volerotoluidide 
     Terbacil 5-chloro-3-t-butyl-6-methyluracil 
     UC 22463 (SIRMATE)-3,4-dichlorobenzyl N-methylcarbamate 
     WL 9385 2-Azido-4-ethylamino-6-t-butylamino-s-triazine 
     Propachlor 2-chloro-N-isopropylacetanilide 
     CP 50144 2-chloro-N-2,6-diethylphenyl-N-methoxymethylacetamide 
     CP 31675 2-chloro-N-(2 methyl-6-t-butylphenyl)acetamide 
     Cypromid 3&#39;,4&#39;-dichlorocyclopropane carboxanilide 
     Fenuron NN-dimethyl-N&#39;phenylurea 
     Chlorbromuron N&#39;-(4-bromo-3-chlorophenyl)-N-methoxy-N-methylurea 
     Ametryne 2-methylmercapto-4-ethylamino-6-isopropyl-amino-s-triazine 
     Prometryne 2-methylmercapto-4,6-bisisopropyl amino-s-triazine 
     DCPA dimethyl 2,3,5,6, tetrachloroterephthalate 
     Benefin N-butyl-N-ethyl-2,2,2-trifluoro-2,6-dinitro-p-toluidine 
     Nitralin 2,6-dinitro-4-methylsulfonyl-NN-dipropyl-aniline 
     PP 493 2,6-difluoro-3,5-dichloro-4-hydroxy pyridine 
     CNP 2,4,6-trichlorophenyl-4&#39;-nitrophenyl ether 
     Pentachloro nitrobenzine 
     1-(butile carbamoyl)-2-benzimidazol carbamic acid, methyl ester (BENLATE®) 
     Examples of appropriate hydrophobic solvents include alkylpyrrolidones having an alkyl portion containing from 6 to 14 carbon atoms, e.g., octylpyrrolidone, dodecylpyrrolidone, or N-(2&#39;-ethylhexylpyrrolidone), alkyl gammabutyrolactones, alkyl cyclic carbonates and combinations thereof, wherein the alkyl chains contain from 6 to 14 carbon atoms. The alkyl portion may be distributed at one or more sites on the ring so long as one portion contains at least 6 carbon atoms and the total number of alkyl carbon atoms does not exceed 14. Preferred 6 to 14 carbon alkyl portions are composed of straight chains. Branched or cyclic alkyl portions may also be used. 
     The hydrophobic solvent is preferably selected from pyrrolidones having the formula ##STR2## wherein R 2  is hydrogen or alkyl having from 6 to 14 carbon atoms and R 3  is alkyl having from 6 to 14 carbon atoms with the proviso that at least one of R 2  or R 3  must contain at least 6 carbon atoms and the sum of the carbon atoms in R 2  and R 3  cannot exceed 14. 
     The inventive composition further comprises an organic diluent which is a synthetic or naturally occurring oil having a high hydrophobic character or having a fractional dispersive solubility parameter of greater than 70% and preferably greater than 85% and a molar volume of greater than 90 cm 3  /mole. These properties are defined in the C.R.C. Handbook referred to hereinabove. Typical diluents include soybean oil, rapeseed oil, long chain alcohols, long chain ketones, long chain esters, and ethers. As used herein, &#34;long chain&#34; means with 6 or more carbon atoms. Also suitable as the organic diluent are aromatic petroleum oils including those which are commercially available distillates from crude oils having an average boiling point greater than 200° C. Typical of such materials are those sold under the trademarks Exxon 200 or Texaco 400. Of course, such aromatics should be approved for use as a carrier for agriculturally active chemicals. 
     The composition of the aromatic petroleum oil is generally: 
     Heavy aromatic solvent naphtha--about 60%; 
     Middle distillate solvent extractant--about 40%. 
     Normally, these oils contain predominantly the C 9  -C 15  aromatic hydrocarbons and primarily the C 10  -C 12  hydrocarbons having a flash point of about 203° F. 
     In the inventive composition, the amount of solvent is in the range from about 20 to 90%, and the amount of diluent is about 80 to 10%, based on the weight of solvent and diluent in the composition. 
     The inventive composition also contains one or more additional emulsifier(s) or surfactant(s) which is generally selected on a case by case basis in order to optimize the solubility and stability of the emulsion. Typically, such emulsifiers include ethoxylated alkyl phenols, linear aliphatic polyesters, linear aromatic polyesters, polyethoxylated alcohols, linear aliphatic ethoxylates, polyethoxylated castor oil, polyethoxylated carboxylates, and polyethoxylated alkylamines. Anionic surfactants may be used as the emulsifier and include phosphate esters and their salts, alkyl sulfonamides, salts of sulfated nonylphenoxypoly(ethyleneoxy) ethanol, salts of alkylbenzene sulfonates, salts of alkylnaphthalene sulfonate, and sulfonated aliphatic polyesters and their salts. Also suitable are complex phosphate esters of nonionic surfactants of the ethylene oxide type which are mixtures of diesters of phosphoric acid. (See, for example, McCutcheon&#39;s, Emulsifiers and Detergents (1989), published by McCutcheon&#39;s Division of M.C. Publishing Co., Glen Rock, New Jersey.) Generally, the amount of emulsifier (surfactant) is from about 1 to 25% based on the total weight of the composition. 
     The agriculturally active chemical (sometimes referred to herein as AAC) concentration should be as high as possible so long as it does not precipitate out upon dilution of the concentrate with water for a reasonable period of time and achieves the desired effect. Precipitation (crystal formation) on standing not only depletes the solution of AAC, it can also lead to fouling of application equipment, i.e., sprayers, etc. With the present invention, it is possible to obtain concentrates with agriculturally active chemical concentrations in excess of 5 weight percent which form a stable emulsion upon being diluted with water. Depending on the particular agriculturally active chemical, the concentration of the AAC is from about 5 to 25% based on the total weight of the composition before dilution. 
     The final use concentration values depend on the AAC. However, it is important that upon dilution, the diluted form remain stable for a time sufficient to allow it to be applied. This, of course, will vary with the schedule for the application in the field. Normally, the diluted concentrate is applied within four hours of dilution. It is possible, however, due to equipment and personnel delays, that a standing period of up to 24 hours may be encountered. With the present invention, prolonged stability of the emulsified concentrate, as is, as well as in the diluted form is obtained. In particular, the emulsified concentrate in accordance with the present invention can be diluted to final use concentrations in the range from about 10 ppm to 2 percent, depending on the specific AAC, without any adverse effects, and specifically, precipitation of the AAC from the solution. 
     The following examples illustrate the present invention*: 
    
     A series of experiments was carried out wherein the type and amount of agriculturally active chemical, hydrophobic solvent, diluent, and other components were varied. The samples were evaluated for ease of emulsion and emulsion stability by measuring the amount of separation before and after mixing. The compositions used and results obtained are set forth in the tables that follow. 
     EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE 
     Formulations: 
     Formulations were prepared by weighing the exact proportion of ingredients and mixing them together in a bottle. The solvents were weighed in first. The AAC was dissolved completely in the solvent system followed by addition of the wetting agent or emulsifying agent. Typically, about 10 g of each of the formulations was prepared. 
     The contents were stirred well in an automatic rocking shaker for about 30 minutes when the AAC dissolved completely. The samples thus prepared were evaluated for freeze-thaw stability on storage and ease of emulsification and emulsion stability on dilution. For dilution, 2 grams of concentrate were diluted to 50 grams using World Health Organization (WHO) standard (6 g of CaCl 2  and 2.78 g of MgCl 2  6H 2  O dissolved in 20 L) hard water having a hardness of 342 ppm expressed as Na equivalent. 
     Freeze-Thaw Stability 
     The concentrates were stored for a period of 24 hours in the cold (temperature 5° C.) in a refrigerator and taken out and thawed to room temperature and then stored at 55° C. in an oven for a period of 24 hours. The alternate storage in the cold (5° C.) and warm condition at 55° C. was repeated for three cycles. Any separation during the storage was recorded. A concentrate is &#34;stable&#34; if there is no substantial separation after the 24 hour cycles at each temperature. All of the solutions exemplified hereinafter exhibited stability according to this test between the temperatures of 5° C. and 55° C. Some of the solutions were even stable at a lower range of -5° C. 
     Evaluation of Emulsion Stability and Ease of Emulsification 
     A Nessler tube (1.8 cm diameter; 28 cm long) was filled with an appropriate quantity (47-48 g) of WHO water. Using a serological pipette, 0.5-2.5 g of emulsion concentrate was dropped into the Nessler tube containing 47.5-49.5 g water. The initial bloom was observed at zero time without stirring and the quality of the bloom was graded by visual appearance as shown below. The Nessler tube was stopped and inverted 20 times; the bloom was again recorded and so also stability as judged by volume or height of the sedimentation (cream/ppt/oil) followed at different intervals of time: 0, 1 hour, 2 hours, up to 24 hours. 
     Stability of Diluted Concentrate 
     The composition of the concentrate (EC) diluted with water was considered &#34;stable&#34; if at EC concentrations of from 0.2 to 1%, the composition after mixing (twenty inversions) exhibited two mm or less cream and no oil in one hour. Both top and bottom should be checked. 
     
         ______________________________________Bloom:  Excellent Thick emulsion cloud with no             separation   Good      Emulsion cloud may be thin, or may             exhibit trailing, small number of oil             droplets within cloud   Poor      Many oil droplets within cloud, some             droplets separate from cloud______________________________________ 
    
     Each of the emulsifiable concentrates thus prepared were analyzed for ease of emulsification (bloom) upon addition of water and after twenty inversion of the sample as well as emulsion stability upon dilution with water. The composition of the samples are set forth in Table A and the results of the analysis are set forth in Table B. 
     Crystal Growth on Stirring 
     A number of the samples were evaluated for precipitation of AAC, i.e., crystal growth over varying time periods. This was done by placing the diluted sample in a 100 ml beaker and stirring continuously. The samples were examined at 1, 4, 7, and 24 hour intervals and were examined for the presence of crystals under 200 × magnification. Samples were also tested for sediment by pouring through U.S. Standard screens (60, 100 and 250 mesh). 
     The components set forth in the Tables are referred to by their commercial names for purposes of brevity. The chemical nomenclature of the materials is as follows: 
     
         ______________________________________LP-100     N-octylpyrrolidoneLP-300     N-dodecylpyrrolidone (C.sub.12 chain)LP-940     N-octadecylpyrrolidone (C.sub.18 chain)Exxate 600 Acetic acid ester with C.sub.6 -rich OXO alocholExxate 900 Acetic acid ester with C.sub.9 -rich OXO alcoholExxate 1300      Acetic acid ester with C.sub.13 -rich OXO alocholGafac RM 710      Poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl)α-(dinonylphenyl)-      omega-hydroxy-phosphate.Igepal CO-630      Ethoxylated nonyl phenol containing 9 EO      unitsDiuron     3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylureaThidiazuron      1-phenyl-3-(1,2,3-thiadiazol-5-yl)ureaExxon 100  Light aromatic solvent naphtha (petroleum)      consists predominantly of C.sub.8 -C.sub.10 aromatic      hydrocarbons; boiling point range 152-168° C.Exxon 150  Heavy aromatic solvent naphtha (petroleum)      consists predominantly of C.sub.9 -C.sub.11 aromatic      hydrocarbons; boiling point range 176-210° C.Exxon 200  Heavy aromatic solvent naphtha (petroleum)      consists predominantly of C.sub.9 -C.sub.15 aromatic      hydrocarbons; boiling point range 217-293° C.Gafac RE-610      Poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl)α-(nonylphenyl)-      omega-hydroxy-phosphate.______________________________________ 
    
     
                                           TABLE 1-A__________________________________________________________________________5% PRODIAMINE__________________________________________________________________________RUN NO.      1           2            3           4COMPOSITION WT. %        DILUTED*               CONC.                    DILUTED*                           CONC. DILUTED*                                        CONC.                                             DILUTED*                                                    CONC.__________________________________________________________________________LP-100       3.68   92   3.68   92    3.68   92   1.84   46LP-300       0      0    0      0     0      0    1.84   46EXXON 200    0      0    0      0     0      0    0      0GAFAC RE610  0.12   3    0      0     0.08   2    0.12   3IGEPAL CO630 0      0    0.12   3     0.04   1    0      0PRODIAMINE   0.2    5    0.2    5     0.2    5    0.2    5HARD WATER   96     0    96     0     96     0    96     0TOTAL        100    100  100    100   100    100  100    100__________________________________________________________________________RESULTS:EMULSIONS:0-TIME       none        none         none        noneAFTER 20 TURNS        excellent   excellent    excellent   excellentAFTER 24 HOURS        fair        poor         fair        poor__________________________________________________________________________SOLIDS OR CREAMS:        SUPER  PCPT SUPER  PCPT  SUPER  PCPT SUPER  PCPT__________________________________________________________________________0-TIME NO TURNS        10          10           10          100-TIME 20 TURNS        0            0            0           0ONE HOUR     9           12            9          10TWO HOURS    9           12           11          12FOUR HOURS   9           12           11          1224 HOURS     11          12           12          12__________________________________________________________________________RUN NO.      5           6            7           8COMPOSITION WT. %        DILUTED*               CONC.                    DILUTED*                           CONC. DILUTED*                                        CONC.                                             DILUTED*                                                    CONC.__________________________________________________________________________LP-100       1.84   46   1.84   46    1.472  36.8 1.472  36.8LP-300       1.84   46   1.84   46    1.104  27.6 1.104  27.6EXXON 200    0      0    0      0     1.104  27.6 1.104  27.6GAFAC RE610  0      0    0.08   2     0.12   3    0      0IGEPAL CO630 0.12   3    0.04   1     0      0    0.12   3PRODIAMINE   0.2    5    0.2    5     0.2    5    0.2    5HARD WATER   96     0    96     0     96     0    96     0TOTAL        100    100  100    100   100    100  100    100__________________________________________________________________________RESULTS:EMULSIONS:0-TIME       none        none         slight      noneAFTER 20 TURNS        excellent   excellent    excellent   excellentAFTER 24 HOURS        poor        poor         good        poor__________________________________________________________________________SOLIDS OR CREAMS:        SUPER  PCPT SUPER  PCPT  SUPER  PCPT SUPER  PCPT__________________________________________________________________________0-TIME NO TURNS        10          10           10          100-TIME 20 TURNS         0           0           0            0ONE HOUR     12           9           0            9TWO HOURS    12          11           0           10FOUR HOURS   12          11           0.5         1024 HOURS     12          12           7            9__________________________________________________________________________RUN NO.      9           10           11          12COMPOSITION WT. %        DILUTED*               CONC.                    DILUTED*                           CONC. DILUTED*                                        CONC.                                             DILUTED*                                                    CONC.__________________________________________________________________________LP-100       1.472  36.8 1.84   46    1.84   46   1.84   46LP-300       1.104  27.6 0      0     0      0    0      0EXXON 200    1.104  27.6 1.84   46    1.84   46   1.84   46GAFAC RE610  0.08   2    0.12   3     0      0    0.08   2IGEPAL CO630 0.04   1    0      0     0.12   3    0.04   1PRODIAMINE   0.2    5    0.2    5     0.2    5    0.2    5HARD WATER   96     0    96     0     96     0    96     0TOTAL        100    100  100    100   100    100  100    100__________________________________________________________________________RESULTS:EMULSIONS:0-TIME       slight      slight       none        slightAFTER 20 TURNS        excellent   excellent    excellent   excellentAFTER 24 HOURS        good        excellent    poor        excellent__________________________________________________________________________SOLIDS OR CREAMS:        SUPER  PCPT SUPER  PCPT  SUPER  PCPT SUPER  PCPT__________________________________________________________________________0-TIME NO TURNS        9           4            9           50-TIME 20 TURNS        0           0            0           0ONE HOUR     0           0            6           0TWO HOURS    0.5         0            9           0FOUR HOURS   1           0            9           024 HOURS     6           0.5          7           1__________________________________________________________________________RUN NO.      13          14           15          16COMPOSITION WT. %        DILUTED*               CONC.                    DILUTED*                           CONC. DILUTED*                                        CONC.                                             DILUTED*                                                    CONC.__________________________________________________________________________LP-100       0      0    0      0     0      0    0      0LP-300       1.84   46   1.84   46    1.84   46   3.68   92EXXON 200    1.84   46   1.84   46    1.84   46   0      0GAFAC RE610  0.12   3    0      0     0.08   2    0.12   3IGEPAL CO630 0      0    0.12   3     0.04   1    0      0PRODIAMINE   0.2    5    0.2    5     0.2    5    0.2    5HARD WATER   96     0    96     0     96     0    96     0TOTAL        100    100  100    100   100    100  100    100__________________________________________________________________________RESULTS:EMULSIONS:0-TIME       slight      slight       slight      noneAFTER 20 TURNS        excellent   excellent    excellent   excellentAFTER 24 HOURS        excellent   poor         excellent   very poor__________________________________________________________________________SOLIDS OR CREAMS:        SUPER  PCPT SUPER  PCPT  SUPER  PCPT SUPER  PCPT__________________________________________________________________________0-TIME NO TURNS        6           6            5            90-TIME 20 TURNS        0           0            0            0ONE HOUR     0           7            0           16TWO HOURS    0           8            0           16FOUR HOURS   0           9            0           1624 HOURS     0           9            0           16__________________________________________________________________________                     RUN NO.      17          18                     COMPOSITION WT. %                                  DILUTED*                                         CONC.                                              DILUTED*                                                     CONC.__________________________________________________________________________                     LP-100       0      0    0      0                     LP-300       3.68   92   3.68   92                     EXXON 200    0      0    0      0                     GAFAC RE610  0      0    0.08   2                     IGEPAL CO630 0.12   3    0.04   1                     PRODIAMINE   0.2    5    0.2    5                     HARD WATER   96     0    96     0                     TOTAL        100    100  100    100__________________________________________________________________________                     RESULTS:                     EMULSIONS:                     0-TIME       none        none                     AFTER 20 TURNS                                  excellent   excellent                     AFTER 24 HOURS                                  none        very__________________________________________________________________________                                              poor                     SOLIDS OR CREAMS:                                  SUPER  PCPT SUPER  PCPT__________________________________________________________________________                     0-TIME NO TURNS                                   9           9                     0-TIME 20 TURNS                                   0           0                     ONE HOUR     12          15                     TWO HOURS    12          16                     FOUR HOURS   13          16                     24 HOURS     15          16__________________________________________________________________________ *Diluted 2 to 50 grams. 10% runs were performed on selected blends and depicted in Table 1B. 
    
     
                                           TABLE 1-B__________________________________________________________________________10% PRODIAMINE__________________________________________________________________________RUN NO.      19          20          21COMPOSITION WT. %        DILUTED*               CONC.                    DILUTED*                           CONC.                                DILUTED*                                       CONC.__________________________________________________________________________LP-100       0.85   42.5 0.85   42.5 0.85   42.5LP-300       0.85   42.5 0      0    0      0EXXON 200    0      0    0.85   42.5 0.85   42.5GAFAC RE610  0.1    5    0.1    5    0.06   3IGEPAL CO630 0      0    0      0    0.04   2PRODIAMINE   0.2    10   0.2    10   0.2    10HARD WATER   98     0    98     0    98     0TOTAL        100    100  100    100  100    100__________________________________________________________________________RESULTS:EMULSIONS:0-TIME       none        fair        poorAFTER 20 TURNS        excellent   excellent   excellentAFTER 24 HOURS        poor        excellent   excellent__________________________________________________________________________SOLIDS OR CREAMS:        SUPER  PCPT SUPER  PCPT SUPER  PCPT__________________________________________________________________________0-TIME NO TURNS        4      0    3      0    3      00-TIME 20 TURNS        0      0    0      0    0      0ONE HOUR     4      0    0      0    0      0TWO HOURS    4      0    0      0    0      0FOUR HOURS   4      0    0      0    0      024 HOURS     10     0    1      0    1      0__________________________________________________________________________       RUN NO.      22          23       COMPOSITION WT. %                    DILUTED*                           CONC.                                DILUTED*                                       CONC.__________________________________________________________________________       LP-100       0      0    0      0       LP-300       0.85   42.5 0.85   42.5       EXXON 200    0.85   42.5 0.85   42.5       GAFAC RE610  0.1    5    0.06   3       IGEPAL CO630 0      0    0.04   2       PRODIAMINE   0.2    10   0.2    10       HARD WATER   98     0    98     0       TOTAL        100    100  100    100__________________________________________________________________________       RESULTS:       EMULSIONS:       0-TIME       poor        poor       AFTER 20 TURNS                    excellent   excellent       AFTER 24 HOURS                    excellent   excellent__________________________________________________________________________       SOLIDS OR CREAMS:                    SUPER  PCPT SUPER  PCPT__________________________________________________________________________       0-TIME NO TURNS                    3      0    3      0       0-TIME 20 TURNS                    0      0    0      0       ONE HOUR     0      0    0      0       TWO HOURS    0      0    0      0       FOUR HOURS   0      0    0      0       24 HOURS     0.5    0    0.5    0__________________________________________________________________________ *Diluted 1 to 50 grams. 20% runs were performed on selected blends and depicted in Table 1C. 
    
     
                                           TABLE 1-C__________________________________________________________________________20% PRODIAMINE__________________________________________________________________________RUN NO.      24          25           26          27COMPONENT    DILUTED*               CONC.                    DILUTED*                           CONC. DILUTED*                                        CONC.                                             DILUTED*                                                    CONC.__________________________________________________________________________LP-100       0.375  37.5 0.375  37.5  0      0    0      0LP-300       0      0    0      0     0.375  37.5 0.375  37.5EXXON 200    0.375  37.5 0.375  37.5  0.375  37.5 0.375  37.5GAFAC RE610  0.5    5    0.03   2     0.05   5    0.03   3IGEPAL CO630 0      0    0.02   2     0      0    0.02   2PRODIAMINE   0.2    20   0.2    20    0.2    20   0.2    20HARD WATER   99     0    99     0     99     0    99     0TOTAL        100    100  100    100   100    100  100    100__________________________________________________________________________RESULTS:EMULSIONS:0-TIME       poor        poor         poor        very poorAFTER 20 TURNS        excellent   excellent    excellent   excellentAFTER 24 HOURS        excellent   excellent    excellent   excellent__________________________________________________________________________SOLIDS OR CREAMS:        SUPER  PCPT SUPER  PCPT  SUPER  PCPT SUPER  PCPT__________________________________________________________________________0-TIME NO TURNS        0      2    0      2     0      2    0       20-TIME 20 TURNS        0      0    0      0     0      0    0      0ONE HOUR     0      0    0      0     0      0    0      0TWO HOURS    0      0.5  0      0.5   0      0.5  0      0.5FOUR HOURS   0      1    0      1     0      1    0      124 HOURS     0      1    0      1     0      1    0      1__________________________________________________________________________ *Diluted 0.5 to 50 grams. Isooctyl pyrrolidone runs were performed on selected blends and depicted in Table 1D. 
    
     
                                           TABLE 1-D__________________________________________________________________________20% PRODIAMINE__________________________________________________________________________RUN NO.      28          29COMPOSITION WT. %        DILUTED*               CONC.                    DILUTED*                           CONC.__________________________________________________________________________ISOOCTYL PYROL        0.375  37.5 0.375  37.5LP-300       0      0    0      0EXXON 200    0.375  37.5 0.375  37.5GAFAC RE610  0.05   5    0.03   3IGEPAL CO630 0      0    0.02   2PRODIAMINE   0.2    20   0.2    20HARD WATER   99     0    99     0TOTAL        100    100  100    100__________________________________________________________________________RESULTS:EMULSIONS:0-TIME       very poor   very poorAFTER 20 TURNS        excellent   excellentAFTER 24 HOURS        excellent   excellent__________________________________________________________________________SOLIDS OR CREAMS:        SUPER  PCPT SUPER  PCPT__________________________________________________________________________0-TIME NO TURNS        0      2    0      20-TIME 20 TURNS        0      0    0      0ONE HOUR     0      0.5  0      0.5TWO HOURS    0      1    0      1FOUR HOURS   0      2    0      224 HOURS     0      5    0      5__________________________________________________________________________ *Diluted 0.5 grams to 50. 
    
     
                                           TABLE 2-A__________________________________________________________________________5% CGA__________________________________________________________________________RUN NO.      30          31           32          33COMPOSITION WT. %        DILUTED               CONC.                    DILUTED*                           CONC. DILUTED*                                        CONC.                                             DILUTED*                                                    CONC.__________________________________________________________________________LP-100       3.68   92   3.68   92    3.68   92   1.84   46LP-300       0      0    0      0     0      0    1.84   46EXXON 200    0      0    0      0     0      0    0      0GAFAC RE610  0.12   3    0      0     0.08   2    0.12   3IGEPAL CO630 0      0    0.12   3     0.04   1    0      0CGA 184699   0.2    5    0.2    5     0.2    5    0.2    5HARD WATER   96     0    96     0     96     0    96     0TOTAL        100    100  100    100   100    100  100    100__________________________________________________________________________RESULTS:EMULSIONS:0-TIME       none        none         none        noneAFTER 20 TURNS        excellent   excellent    excellent   excellentAFTER 24 HOURS        fair        poor         fair        none__________________________________________________________________________SOLIDS OR CREAMS:        SUPER  PCPT SUPER  PCPT  SUPER PCPT  SUPER  PCPT__________________________________________________________________________0-TIME NO TURNS        10          10           10          100-TIME 20 TURNS         0           0            0           0ONE HOUR      6          12            8          12TWO HOURS     9          14           10          12FOUR HOURS   10          14           10          1324 HOURS     10          14           10          14__________________________________________________________________________RUN NO.      34          35           36          37COMPOSITION WT. %        DILUTED*               CONC.                    DILUTED*                           CONC. DILUTED*                                        CONC.                                             DILUTED*                                                    CONC.__________________________________________________________________________LP-100       1.84   46   1.84   46    1.472  36.8 1.472  36.8LP-300       1.84   46   1.84   46    1.104  27.6 1.104  27.6EXXON 200    0      0    0      0     1.104  27.6 1.104  27.6GAFAC RE610  0      0    0.08   2     0.12   3    0      0IGEPAL CO630 0.12   3    0.04   1     0      0    0.12   3CGA 184699   0.2    5    0.2    5     0.2    5    0.2    5HARD WATER   96     0    96     0     96     0    96     0TOTAL        100    100  100    100   100    100  100    100__________________________________________________________________________RESULTS:EMULSIONS:0-TIME       none        none         none        noneAFTER 20 TURNS        excellent   excellent    excellent   excellentAFTER 24 HOURS        none        none         fair        poor__________________________________________________________________________SOLIDS OR CREAMS:        SUPER  PCPT SUPER  PCPT  SUPER PCPT  SUPER  PCPT__________________________________________________________________________0-TIME NO TURNS        10          10           10          100-TIME 20 TURNS         0           0           0            0ONE HOUR     11          11           0            9TWO HOURS    12          12           0           11FOUR HOURS   12          12           1           1124 HOURS     14          12           5           11__________________________________________________________________________RUN NO.      38          39           40          41COMPOSITION WT. %        DILUTED*               CONC.                    DILUTED*                           CONC. DILUTED*                                        CONC.                                             DILUTED*                                                    CONC.__________________________________________________________________________LP-100       1.472  36.8 1.84   46    1.84   46   1.84   46LP-300       1.104  27.6 0      0     0      0    0      0EXXON 200    1.104  27.6 1.84   46    1.84   46   1.84   46GAFAC RE610  0.08   2    0.12   3     0      0    0.08   2IGEPAL CO630 0.04   1    0      0     0.12   3    0.04   1CGA 184699   0.2    5    0.2    5     0.2    5    0.2    5HARD WATER   96     0    96     0     96     0    96     0TOTAL        100    100  100    100   100    100  100    100__________________________________________________________________________RESULTS:EMULSIONS:0-TIME       slight      poor         none        slightAFTER 20 TURNS        excellent   excellent    excellent   excellentAFTER 24 HOURS        fair        fair         good        excellent__________________________________________________________________________SOLIDS OR CREAMS:        SUPER  PCPT SUPER  PCPT  SUPER PCPT  SUPER  PCPT__________________________________________________________________________0-TIME NO TURNS        8           3            10          30-TIME 20 TURNS        0           0            0           0ONE HOUR     0           0            0           0TWO HOURS    0           0            0           0FOUR HOURS   1           0            0           024 HOURS     5           1            2           2__________________________________________________________________________RUN NO.      42          43           44          45COMPOSITION WT. %        DILUTED*               CONC.                    DILUTED*                           CONC. DILUTED*                                        CONC.                                             DILUTED*                                                    CONC.__________________________________________________________________________LP-100       0      0    0      0     0      0    0      0LP-300       1.84   46   1.84   46    1.84   46   3.68   92EXXON 200    1.84   46   1.84   46    1.84   46   0      0GAFAC RE610  0.12   3    0      0     0.08   2    0.12   3IGEPAL CO630 0      0    0.12   3     0.04   1    0      0CGA 184699   0.2    5    0.2    5     0.2    5    0.2    5HARD WATER   96     0    96     0     96     0    96     0TOTAL        100    100  100    100   100    100  100    100__________________________________________________________________________RESULTS:EMULSIONS:0-TIME       slight      slight       slight      noneAFTER 20 TURNS        excellent   excellent    excellent   fairAFTER 24 HOURS        excellent   fair         excellent   none__________________________________________________________________________SOLIDS OR CREAMS:        SUPER  PCPT SUPER  PCPT  SUPER PCPT  SUPER  PCPT__________________________________________________________________________0-TIME NO TURNS        5           2            5           100-TIME 20 TURNS        0           0            0            0ONE HOUR     0           6            0           15TWO HOURS    0           9            0           20FOUR HOURS   1           9            0           2024 HOURS     1           10           0           20__________________________________________________________________________                     RUN NO.      46          47                     COMPOSITION WT. %                                  DILUTED*                                         CONC.                                              DILUTED*                                                     CONC.__________________________________________________________________________                     LP-100       0      0    0      0                     LP-300       3.68   92   3.68   92                     EXXON 200    0      0    0      0                     GAFAC RE610  0      0    0.08   2                     IGEPAL CO630 0.12   3    0.04   1                     CGA 185699   0.2    5    0.2    5                     HARD WATER   96     0    96     0                     TOTAL        100    100  100    100__________________________________________________________________________                     RESULTS:                     EMULSIONS:                     0-TIME       none        none                     AFTER 20 TURNS                                  fair        fair                     AFTER 24 HOURS                                  none        none__________________________________________________________________________                     SOLIDS OR CREAMS:                                  SUPER  PCPT SUPER  PCPT__________________________________________________________________________                     0-TIME NO TURNS                                  10          10                     0-TIME 20 TURNS                                   0           0                     ONE HOUR     15          16                     TWO HOURS    15          17                     FOUR HOURS   15          17                     24 HOURS     16          19__________________________________________________________________________ *Diluted 2 to 50 grams. 10% runs were performed on selected blends and depicted in Table 2B. 
    
     
                                           TABLE 2-B__________________________________________________________________________10% CGA__________________________________________________________________________RUN NO.      48          49          50COMPOSITION WT. %        DILUTED*               CONC.                    DILUTED*                           CONC.                                DILUTED*                                       CONC.__________________________________________________________________________LP-100       0.85   42.5 0.85   42.5 0.85   42.5LP-300       0.85   42.5 0      0    0      0EXXON 200    0      0    0.85   42.5 0.85   42.5GAFAC RE610  0.1    5    0.1    5    0.06   3IGEPAL CO630 0      0    0      0    0.04   2CGA 184699   0.2    10   0.2    10   0.2    10HARD WATER   98     0    98     0    98     0TOTAL        100    100  100    100  100    100__________________________________________________________________________RESULTS:EMULSIONS:0-TIME       none        fair        fairAFTER 20 TURNS        excellent   excellent   excellentAFTER 24 HOURS        none        excellent   excellent__________________________________________________________________________SOLIDS OR CREAMS:        SUPER  PCPT SUPER  PCPT SUPER  PCPT__________________________________________________________________________0-TIME NO TURNS        4      0    0      0.5  0      10-TIME 20 TURNS        0      0    0      0    0      0ONE HOUR     3      0    0      0    0      0TWO HOURS    4      0    0      0    0      0FOUR HOURS   4      0    0      0    0      024 HOURS     10     0    0      5    0      5__________________________________________________________________________       RUN NO.      51          52       COMPOSITION WT. %                    DILUTED*                           CONC.                                DILUTED*                                       CONC.__________________________________________________________________________       LP-100       0      0    0      0       LP-300       0.85   42.5 0.85   42.5       EXXON 200    0.85   42.5 0.85   42.5       GAFAC RE610  0.1    5    0.06   3       IGEPAL CO630 0      0    0.04   2       CGA 184699   0.2    10   0.2    10       HARD WATER   98     0    98     0       TOTAL        100    100  100    100__________________________________________________________________________       RESULTS:       EMULSIONS:       0-TIME       poor        poor       AFTER 20 TURNS                    excellent   excellent       AFTER 24 HOURS                    excellent   excellent__________________________________________________________________________       SOLIDS OR CREAMS:                    SUPER  PCPT SUPER  PCPT__________________________________________________________________________       0-TIME NO TURNS                    0      0.5  0      0.5       0-TIME 20 TURNS                    0      0    0      0       ONE HOUR     0      0    0      0       TWO HOURS    0      0    0      0       FOUR HOURS   0      0    0      0       24 HOURS     4      0    0      1__________________________________________________________________________ *Diluted 1 to 50 grams. 20% runs were performed on selected blends and depicted in Table 2C. 
    
     
                                           TABLE 2-C__________________________________________________________________________20% CGA__________________________________________________________________________RUN NO.      53**        54**         55**        56**COMPOSITION WT. %        DILUTED               CONC.                    DILUTED*                           CONC. DILUTED*                                        CONC.                                             DILUTED*                                                    CONC.__________________________________________________________________________LP-100       0.375  37.5 0.375  37.5  0      0    0      0LP-300       0      0    0      0     0.375  37.5 0.375  37.5EXXON 200    0.375  37.5 0.375  37.5  0.375  37.5 0.375  37.5GAFAC RE610  0.05   5    0.03   3     0.05   5    0.03   3IGEPAL CO630 0      0    0.02   2     0      0    0.02   2CGA 184699   0.2    20   0.2    20    0.2    20   0.2    20HARD WATER   99     0    99     0     99     0    99     0TOTAL        100    100  100    100   100    100  100    100__________________________________________________________________________RESULTS:EMULSIONS:0-TIME       very poor   very poor    poor        very poorAFTER 20 TURNS        excellent   excellent    excellent   excellentAFTER 24 HOURS        excellent   excellent    excellent   excellent__________________________________________________________________________SOLIDS OR CREAMS:        SUPER  PCPT SUPER  PCPT  SUPER PCPT  SUPER  PCPT__________________________________________________________________________0-TIME NO TURNS        0      2    0      2     0     2     0      20-TIME 20 TURNS        0      0    0      0     0     0     0      0ONE HOUR     0      0    0      0     0     0     0      0TWO HOURS    0      0    0      0     0     0     0      0FOUR HOURS   0      1    0      1     0     1     0      124 HOURS     0      5    0      4     0     3     0      1__________________________________________________________________________ *Diluted 0.5 to 50 grams. Isooctyl pyrrolidone runs performed on selected blends and depicted in Table 2D. **2 g of the concentrates were added to 48 g standard H.sub.2 O. After 0, 2.0 and 24 hours of continuous stirring, no crystal formation was observe under 200 x. 
    
     
                                           TABLE 2-D__________________________________________________________________________20% CGA ISO__________________________________________________________________________RUN NO.      57          58COMPOSITION WT. %        DILUTED*               CONC.                    DILUTED*                           CONC.__________________________________________________________________________ISOOCTYL PYROL        0.375  37.5 0.375  37.5LP-300       0      0    0      0EXXON 200    0.375  37.5 0.375  37.5GAFAC RE610  0.05   5    0.03   3IGEPAL CO630 0      0    0.02   2CGA 184699   0.2    20   0.2    20HARD WATER   99     0    99     0TOTAL        100    100  100    100__________________________________________________________________________RESULTS:EMULSIONS:0-TIME       none        noneAFTER 20 TURNS        excellent   excellentAFTER 24 HOURS        excellent   good__________________________________________________________________________SOLIDS OR CREAMS:        SUPER  PCPT SUPER  PCPT__________________________________________________________________________0-TIME NO TURNS        0      2    0      20-TIME 20 TURNS        0      0    0      0ONE HOUR     0      0.5  0      0.5TWO HOURS    0      1    0      1FOUR HOURS   0      2    0      224 HOURS     0      4    0      5__________________________________________________________________________ *Diluted 0.5 grams to 50. 
    
     
                                           TABLE 2-E__________________________________________________________________________20% CGA 10% SURFACTANT__________________________________________________________________________RUN NO.      59          60          61COMPOSITION WT. %        DILUTED*               CONC.                    DILUTED*                           CONC.                                DILUTED*                                       CONC.__________________________________________________________________________LP-100       0.35   35   0.35   35   0       0LP-300       0       0   0       0   0.35   35EXXON 200    0.35   35   0.35   35   0.35   35GAFAC RE610  0.1    10   0.05    5   0.1    10IGEPAL CO630 0       0   0.05    5   0       0ACTIVE       0.2    20   0.2    20   0.2    20HARD WATER   99      0   99      0   99      0TOTAL        100    100  100    100  100    100__________________________________________________________________________RESULTS:EMULSIONS:0-TIME       fair        fair        goodAFTER 20 TURNS        excellent   excellent   excellentAFTER 24 HOURS        excellent   excellent   excellent__________________________________________________________________________SOLIDS OR CREAMS:        SUPER  PCPT SUPER  PCPT SUPER  PCPT__________________________________________________________________________0-TIME NO TURNS        0      1    0      1    0      0.50-TIME 20 TURNS        0      0    0      0    0      0ONE HOUR     0      0    0      0    0      0TWO HOURS    0      0.5  0      0.5  0      0.5FOUR HOURS   0      0.5  0      1    0      124 HOURS     0      2    0      4    0      3__________________________________________________________________________       RUN NO.      62          63       COMPOSITION WT. %                    DILUTED*                           CONC.                                DILUTED*                                       CONC.__________________________________________________________________________       LP-100       0       0   0.175  17.5       LP-300       0.35   35   0.175  17.5       EXXON 200    0.35   35   0.35   35       GAFAC RE610  0.05    5   0.05   5       IGEPAL CO630 0.05    5   0.05   5       ACTIVE       0.2    20   0.2    20       HARD WATER   99      0   99      0       TOTAL        100    100  100    100__________________________________________________________________________       RESULTS:       EMULSIONS:       0-TIME       fair        fair       AFTER 20 TURNS                    excellent   excellent       AFTER 24 HOURS                    excellent   excellent__________________________________________________________________________       SOLIDS OR CREAMS:                    SUPER  PCPT SUPER  PCPT__________________________________________________________________________       0-TIME NO TURNS                    0      1    0      1       0-TIME 20 TURNS                    0      0    0      0       ONE HOUR     0      0    0      0       TWO HOURS    0      0.5  0      0.5       FOUR HOURS   0      1    0      1       24 HOURS     0      2    0      2__________________________________________________________________________ *Diluted 1 to 50 grams. 
    
     
                                           TABLE 3-A__________________________________________________________________________5% PROWL__________________________________________________________________________RUN NO.      64          65           66          67COMPOSITION WT. %        DILUTION*               CONC.                    DILUTION*                           CONC. DILUTION*                                        CONC.                                             DILUTION*                                                    CONC.__________________________________________________________________________LP-100       3.68   92   3.68   92    3.68   92   1.84   46LP-300       0      0    0      0     0      0    1.84   46EXXON 200    0      0    0      0     0      0    0      0GAFAC RE610  0.12   3    0      0     0.08   2    0.12   3IGEPAL CO630 0      0    0.12   3     0.04   1    0      0PROWL        0.2    5    0.2    5     0.2    5    0.2    5HARD WATER   96     0    96     0     96     0    96     0TOTAL        100    100  100    100   100    100  100    100__________________________________________________________________________RESULTS:EMULSIONS:0-TIME       poor        poor         poor        poorAFTER 20 TURNS        excellent   good         excellent   excellentAFTER 24 HOURS        good        poor         good        poor__________________________________________________________________________SOLIDS OR CREAMS:        SUPER  PCPT SUPER  PCPT  SUPER  PCPT SUPER  PCPT__________________________________________________________________________0-TIME NO TURNS        11          12           10          110-TIME 20 TURNS         1          11            1           6ONE HOUR      5          13            5           7TWO HOURS     7          14            8          11FOUR HOURS   10          15           10          1424 HOURS     13          15           13          15__________________________________________________________________________RUN NO.      68          69           70          71COMPOSITION WT. %        DILUTION*               CONC.                    DILUTION*                           CONC. DILUTION*                                        CONC.                                             DILUTION*                                                    CONC.__________________________________________________________________________LP-100       1.84   46   1.84   46    1.472  36.8 1.472  36.8LP-300       1.84   46   1.84   46    1.104  27.6 1.104  27.6EXXON 200    0      0    0      0     1.104  27.6 1.104  27.6GAFAC RE610  0      0    0.08   2     0.12   3    0      0IGEPAL CO630 0.12   3    0.04   1     0      0    0.12   3PROWL        0.2    5    0.2    5     0.2    5    0.2    5HARD WATER   96     0    96     0     96     0    96     0TOTAL        100    100  100    100   100    100  100    100__________________________________________________________________________RESULTS:EMULSIONS:0-TIME       poor        poor         poor         poorAFTER 20 TURNS        good        excellent    excellent   goodAFTER 24 HOURS        poor        poor         good        fair__________________________________________________________________________SOLIDS OR CREAMS:        SUPER  PCPT SUPER  PCPT  SUPER  PCPT SUPER  PCPT__________________________________________________________________________0-TIME NO TURNS        11          11           62          100-TIME 20 TURNS        11           1           0            4ONE HOUR     12           8           0            7TWO HOURS    12          11           0            9FOUR HOURS   13          11           1           1024 HOURS     14          14           7           11__________________________________________________________________________RUN NO.      72          73           74          75COMPOSITION WT. %        DILUTION*               CONC.                    DILUTION*                           CONC. DILUTION*                                        CONC.                                             DILUTION*                                                    CONC.__________________________________________________________________________LP-100       1.472  36.8 1.84   46    1.84   46   1.84   46LP-300       1.104  27.6 0      0     0      0    0      0EXXON 200    1.104  27.6 1.84   46    1.84   46   1.84   46GAFAC RE610  0.08   2    0.12   3     0      0    0.08   2IGEPAL CO630 0.04   1    0      0     0.12   3    0.04   1PROWL        0.2    5    0.2    5     0.2    5    0.2    5HARD WATER   96     0    96     0     96     0    96     0TOTAL        100    100  100    100   100    100  100    100__________________________________________________________________________RESULTS:EMULSIONS:0-TIME       poor        poor         poor        poorAFTER 20 TURNS        excellent   excellent    excellent   excellentAFTER 24 HOURS        good        excellent    fair        good__________________________________________________________________________SOLIDS OR CREAMS:        SUPER  PCPT SUPER  PCPT  SUPER  PCPT SUPER  PCPT__________________________________________________________________________0-TIME NO TURNS        34          12           10          550-TIME 20 TURNS        1           0            1           0ONE HOUR     1           0            3           0TWO HOURS    1           0            7           0FOUR HOURS   2           0            8           0.524 HOURS     7           3            10          5__________________________________________________________________________RUN NO.      76          77           78          79COMPOSITION WT. %        DILUTION*               CONC.                    DILUTION*                           CONC. DILUTION*                                        CONC.                                             DILUTION*                                                    CONC.__________________________________________________________________________LP-100       0      0    0      0     0      0    0      0LP-300       1.84   46   1.84   46    1.84   46   3.68   92EXXON 200    1.84   46   1.84   46    1.84   46   0      0GAFAC RE610  0.12   3    0      0     0.08   2    0.12   3IGEPAL CO630 0      0    0.12   3     0.04   1    0      0PROWL        0.2    5    0.2    5     0.2    5    0.2    5HARD WATER   96     0    96     0     96     0    96     0TOTAL        100    100  100    100   100    100  100    100__________________________________________________________________________RESULTS:EMULSIONS:0-TIME       poor        poor         poor        poorAFTER 20 TURNS        excellent   excellent    excellent   poorAFTER 24 HOURS        good        fair         good        poor__________________________________________________________________________SOLIDS OR CREAMS:        SUPER  PCPT SUPER  PCPT  SUPER  PCPT SUPER  PCPT__________________________________________________________________________0-TIME NO TURNS        11          14           44          120-TIME 20 TURNS        0           1            0           15ONE HOUR     0           8            0           15TWO HOURS    0.5         8            0.5         15FOUR HOURS   0           8            2           1824 HOURS     11          11           10          18__________________________________________________________________________                     RUN NO.      80          81                     COMPOSITION WT. %                                  DILUTION*                                         CONC.                                              DILUTION*                                                     CONC.__________________________________________________________________________                     LP-100       0      0    0      0                     LP-300       3.68   92   3.68   92                     EXXON 200    0      0    0      0                     GAFAC RE610  0      0    0.08   2                     IGEPAL CO630 0.12   3    0.04   1                     PROWL        0.2    5    0.2    5                     HARD WATER   96     0    96     0                     TOTAL        100    100  100    100__________________________________________________________________________                     RESULTS:                     EMULSIONS:                     0-TIME       poor        poor                     AFTER 20 TURNS                                  poor        poor                     AFTER 24 HOURS                                  poor        poor__________________________________________________________________________                     SOLIDS OR CREAMS:                                  SUPER  PCPT SUPER  PCPT__________________________________________________________________________                     0-TIME NO TURNS                                  11          11                     0-TIME 20 TURNS                                  11          15                     ONE HOUR     12          15                     TWO HOURS    14          16                     FOUR HOURS   14          18                     24 HOURS     15          18__________________________________________________________________________ *Diluted 2 to 50 grams. 10% runs were performed on selected blends and depicted in Table 3B. 
    
     
                                           TABLE 3-B__________________________________________________________________________10% PROWL__________________________________________________________________________RUN NO.      82          83           84          85COMPOSITION WT. %        DILUTED*               CONC.                    DILUTED*                           CONC. DILUTED*                                        CONC.                                             DILUTED*                                                    CONC.__________________________________________________________________________LP-100       0.85   42.5 0.68   34    0.85   42.5 0.85   42.5LP-300       0.85   42.5 0.51   25.5  0      0    0      0EXXON 200    0      0    0.51   25.5  0.85   42.5 0.85   42.5GAFAC RE610  0.1    5    0.06   3     0.1    5    0.06   3IGEPAL CO630 0      0    0.04   2     0      0    0.04   2PROWL        0.2    10   0.2    10    0.2    10   0.2    10HARD WATER   98     0    98     0     98     0    98     0TOTAL        100    100  100    100   100    100  100    100__________________________________________________________________________RESULTS:EMULSIONS:0-TIME       poor        poor         poor        poorAFTER 20 TURNS        excellent   excellent    excellent   excellentAFTER 24 HOURS        poor        good         good        good__________________________________________________________________________SOLIDS OR CREAMS:        SUPER  PCPT SUPER  PCPT  SUPER  PCPT SUPER  PCPT__________________________________________________________________________0-TIME NO TURNS        6      0    7      0     6      0    5      00-TIME 20 TURNS        0      0    0      0     0      0    0      0ONE HOUR     3      0    0      0     0      0    0      0TWO HOURS    5      0    0.5    0     0      0    0      0FOUR HOURS   6      0    0.5    0     0.5    0    0      024 HOURS     10     0    4      0     3      0    3      0__________________________________________________________________________                     RUN NO.      86          87                     COMPOSITION WT. %                                  DILUTED*                                         CONC.                                              DILUTED*                                                     CONC.__________________________________________________________________________                     LP-100       0      0    0      0                     LP-300       0.85   42.5 0.85   42.5                     EXXON 200    0.85   42.5 0.85   42.5                     GAFAC RE610  0.1    5    0.06   3                     IGEPAL CO630 0      0    0.04   2                     PROWL        0.2    10   0.2    10                     HARD WATER   98     0    98     0                     TOTAL        100    100  100    100__________________________________________________________________________                     RESULTS:                     EMULSIONS:                     0-TIME       poor        poor                     AFTER 20 TURNS                                  excellent   excellent                     AFTER 24 HOURS                                  good        good__________________________________________________________________________                     SOLIDS OR CREAMS:                                  SUPER  PCPT SUPER  PCPT__________________________________________________________________________                     0-TIME NO TURNS                                  7      0    6      0                     0-TIME 20 TURNS                                  0      0    0      0                     ONE HOUR     0      0    0      0                     TWO HOURS    1      0    0      0                     FOUR HOURS   2      0    0.5    0                     24 HOURS     6      0    3      0__________________________________________________________________________ *Diluted 1 to 50 grams. 20% runs were performed on selected blends and depicted in Table 3C. 
    
     
                                           TABLE 3-C__________________________________________________________________________20% PROWL__________________________________________________________________________RUN NO.      88          89          90COMPOSITION WT. %        DILUTED*               CONC.                    DILUTED*                           CONC.                                DILUTED*                                       CONC.__________________________________________________________________________LP-100       0.3    30   0.375  37.5 0.375  37.5LP-300       0.225  22.5 0      0    0      0EXXON 200    0.225  22.5 0.375  37.5 0.375  37.5GAFAC RE610  0.03   3    0.05   5    0.03   3IGEPAL CO630 0.02   2    0      0    0.02   2PROWL        0.2    20   0.2    20   0.2    20HARD WATER   99     0    99     0    99     0TOTAL        100    100  100    100  100    100__________________________________________________________________________RESULTS:EMULSIONS:0-TIME       poor        fair        fairAFTER 20 TURNS        excellent   excellent   excellentAFTER 24 HOURS        excellent   excellent   excellent__________________________________________________________________________SOLIDS OR CREAMS:        SUPER  PCT  SUPER  PCT  SUPER  PCT__________________________________________________________________________0-TIME NO TURNS        7      0    0      3    0      30-TIME 20 TURNS        0      0    0      0    0      0ONE HOUR     0      0    0      0    0      0TWO HOURS    0      0    0      0    0      0FOUR HOURS   0      0    0      0.5  0      0.524 HOURS     2      0    0      1    0      1__________________________________________________________________________       RUN NO.      91          92       COMPOSITION WT. %                    DILUTED*                           CONC.                                DILUTED*                                       CONC.__________________________________________________________________________       LP-100       0      0    0      0       LP-300       0.375  37.5 0.375  37.5       EXXON 200    0.375  37.5 0.375  37.5       GAFAC RE610  0.05   5    0.03   3       IGEPAL CO630 0      0    0.02   2       PROWL        0.2    20   0.2    20       HARD WATER   99     0    99     0       TOTAL        100    100  100    100__________________________________________________________________________       RESULTS:       EMULSIONS:       0-TIME       poor        poor       AFTER 20 TURNS                    excellent   excellent       AFTER 24 HOURS                    excellent   excellent__________________________________________________________________________       SOLIDS OR CREAMS:                    SUPER  PCPT SUPER  PCPT__________________________________________________________________________       0-TIME NO TURNS                    4      0    3      0       0-TIME 20 TURNS                    0      0    0      0       ONE HOUR     0      0    0      0       TWO HOURS    0      0    0      0       FOUR HOURS   0.5    0    0.5    0       24 HOURS     2      0    2      0__________________________________________________________________________ *Diluted 0.5 to 50 grams. 
    
     
                                           TABLE 4__________________________________________________________________________20% PROWL__________________________________________________________________________RUN NO.      93          94           95          96COMPONENT    DILUTED*               CONC.                    DILUTED*                           CONC. DILUTED*                                        CONC.                                             DILUTED*                                                    CONC.__________________________________________________________________________NMP          0      0    0      0     0      0    0      0LP-100       0.8125 32.5 0.8125 32.5  0.8125 32.5 0.8125 32.5EXXON 200    0.8125 32.5 0      0     0      0    0      0EXXAT 600    0      0    0.8125 32.5  0      0    0      0EXXAT 900    0      0    0      0     0.8125 32.5 0      0EXXAT 1300   0      0    0      0     0      0    0.8125 32.5GAFAC RE610  0.375  15   0.375  15    0.375  15   0.375  15PROWL        0.5    20   0.5    20    0.5    20   0.5    20HARD WATER   97.5        97.5         97.5        97.5TOTAL        100    100  100    100   100    100  100    100__________________________________________________________________________RESULTS:EMULSIONS:0-TIME       fair        poor         poor        poorAFTER 20 TURNS        excellent   excellent    excellent   excellentAFTER 24 HOURS__________________________________________________________________________SOLIDS OR CREAMS:        SUPER  PCPT SUPER  PCPT  SUPER  PCPT SUPER  PCPT__________________________________________________________________________0-TIME NO TURNS0-TIME 20 TURNS        0           0            0           0ONE HOUR     0           0.5          0           0TWO HOURS           0.5  0.5          0           0FOUR HOURS          1    0.5          0           024 HOURS            1.5               0           0__________________________________________________________________________RUN NO.      97          98           99          100COMPONENT    DILUTED*               CONC.                    DILUTED*                           CONC. DILUTED*                                        CONC.                                             DILUTED*                                                    CONC.__________________________________________________________________________NMP          0       0   0      0     0      0    0.599  23.96LP-100       0.65   26   0.65   26    0.8125 32.5 0.449  17.96EXXON 200    0.65   26   0.4875 19.5  0.325  13   0.449  17.96EXXAT 600    0.325  13   0      0     0      0    0      0EXXAT 900    0       0   0.4875 19.5  0      0    0      0EXXAT 1300   0       0   0      0     0.4875 19.5 0      0GAFAC RE610  0.375  15   0.375  15    0.375  15   0.35925                                                    14.37PROWL        0.5    20   0.5    20    0.5    20   0.64375                                                    25.75HARD WATER   97.5        97.5         97.5        97.5TOTAL        100    100  100    100   100    100  100    100__________________________________________________________________________RESULTS:EMULSIONS:0-TIME       good        fair         poor        excellentAFTER 20 TURNS        excellent   excellent    excellent   excellentAFTER 24 HOURS__________________________________________________________________________SOLIDS OR CREAMS:        SUPER  PCPT SUPER  PCPT  SUPER  PCPT SUPER  PCPT__________________________________________________________________________0-TIME NO TURNS0-TIME 20 TURNS        0           0            0           0ONE HOUR     0           0            0           0TWO HOURS    0.5         0            0.5         0FOUR HOURS   0.5         0            0.5         024 HOURS     0.5         0            0.5         0__________________________________________________________________________ *Diluted 1.25 to 50 grams. 
    
     
                                           TABLE 5__________________________________________________________________________10% CGA__________________________________________________________________________RUN NO.      100         101          102         103COMPOSITION WT. %        DILUTED*               CONC.                    DILUTED*                           CONC. DILUTED*                                        CONC.                                             DILUTED*                                                    CONC.__________________________________________________________________________LP-100       1.06   53   1.06   53    0.54   27   0.54   27LP-940       0.54   27   0.54   27    0.26   13   0.26   13EXXON 200    0       0   0       0    0.8    40   0.8    40GAFAC RE610  0.2    10   0.1     5    0.1     5   0.1     5IGEPAL CO630 0       0   0.1     5    0.1     5   0.1     5CGA 184699   0.2    10   0.2    10    0.2    10   0.2    10HARD WATER   98      0   98      0    98      0   98      0TOTAL        100    100  100    100   100    100  100    100__________________________________________________________________________RESULTS:EMULSIONS:0-TIME       poor        poor         good        fairAFTER 20 TURNS        excellent   excellent    excellent   excellentAFTER 24 HOURS__________________________________________________________________________SOLIDS OR CREAMS:        SUPER  PCPT SUPER  PCPT  SUPER  PCPT SUPER  PCPT__________________________________________________________________________0-TIME NO TURNS        8      1     8     0     0      3    0      30-TIME 20 TURNSONE HOUR     4            9                  0.5         0.5TWO HOURS    4           10                  0.5         0.5FOUR HOURS   6           11                  1           124 HOURS     26          13                  6           6__________________________________________________________________________RUN NO.      104         105          106         107COMPOSITION WT. %        DILUTED*               CONC.                    DILUTED*                           CONC. DILUTED*                                        CONC.                                             DILUTED*                                                    CONC.__________________________________________________________________________LP-100       0.8    40   0.8    40    1.34   67   1.34   67LP-940       0.4    20   0.4    20    0.26   13   0.26   13EXXON 200    0.4    20   0.4    20    0       0   0       0GAFAC RE610  0.2    10   0.1     5    0.2    10   0.1     5IGEPAL CO630 0       0   0.1     5    0       0   0.1     5CGA 184699   0.2    10   0.2    10    0.2    10   0.2    10HARD WATER   98      0   98      0    98      0   98      0TOTAL        100    100  100    100   100    100  100    100__________________________________________________________________________RESULTS:EMULSIONS:0-TIME       poor        poor         poor        poorAFTER 20 TURNS        excellent   excellent    excellent   excellentAFTER 24 HOURS__________________________________________________________________________SOLIDS OR CREAMS:        SUPER  PCPT SUPER  PCPT  SUPER  PCPT SUPER  PCPT__________________________________________________________________________0-TIME NO TURNS        11     2    8      0     7      0    7      00-TIME 20 TURNSONE HOUR     0           0            5           7TWO HOURS    0           0            7           8FOUR HOURS   0           2            13          824 HOURS     0.5         3            16          10__________________________________________________________________________RUN NO.      108         109          110         111COMPOSITION WT. %        DILUTED*               CONC.                    DILUTED*                           CONC. DILUTED*                                        CONC.                                             DILUTED*                                                    CONC.__________________________________________________________________________LP-100       0.66   33   0.66   33    1      50   1      50LP-940       0.14    7   0.14    7    0.2    10   0.2    10EXXON 200    0.8    40   0.8    40    0.4    20   0.4    20GAFAC RE610  0.2    10   0.1     5    0.2    10   0.1     5IGEPAL CO630 0       0   0.1     5    0       0   0.1     5CGA 184699   0.2    10   0.2    10    0.2    10   0.2    10HARD WATER   98      0   98      0    98      0   98      0TOTAL        100    100  100    100   100    100  100    100__________________________________________________________________________RESULTS:EMULSIONS:0-TIME       fair/good   fair/good    poor        poorAFTER 20 TURNS        excellent   excellent    excellent   excellentAFTER 24 HOURS__________________________________________________________________________SOLIDS OR CREAMS:        SUPER  PCPT SUPER  PCPT  SUPER  PCPT SUPER  PCPT__________________________________________________________________________0-TIME NO TURNS        0      2    0      3     1      5    10     10-TIME 20 TURNSONE HOUR            0           0.5          0           0TWO HOURS           0.5         0.5          0           0FOUR HOURS          0.5         1            0           024 HOURS            2           3            0.5         4__________________________________________________________________________ *Diluted 1 to 50 grams. 
    
     
                                           TABLE 6__________________________________________________________________________E.C. FORMULATION__________________________________________________________________________RUN NO.        112         113         114         115COMPOSITION NO.          DILUTED*                 CONC.                      DILUTED*                             CONC.                                  DILUTED*                                         CONC.                                              DILUTED*                                                     CONC.__________________________________________________________________________LP-100         1.25   60   1.25   60   1.35   65   1.35   65LP-300         0.00   0    0.00   0    0.00   0    0.00   0EXXON 100      0.52   25   0.42   20   0.40   19   0.31   15GAFAC RM 710   0.06   3    0.17   8    0.08   4    0.17   8DIURON         0.08   4    0.08   4    0.08   4    0.08   4THIDIAZURON    0.17   8    0.17   8    0.17   8    0.17   8HARD WATER     97.92  0    97.92  0    97.92  0    97.92  0TOTAL          100.00 100  100.00 100  100.00 100  100.00 100__________________________________________________________________________RESULTS:EMULSIONS:APPEARANCE     grey white  grey white  grey white  grey whiteEMULSION BLOOM excellent   excellent   excellent   fairEMULSION STABILITY          fair        good        fair        goodEC THERMAL STABILITY          &gt;4 weeks    &gt;4 weeks    &gt;4 weeks    &gt;4 weeksEMULSION CRYSTALLI-          none        none        none        noneZATION OF ACTIVES24 HRS__________________________________________________________________________                  RUN NO.         116         117                  COMPOSITION NO. DILUTED*                                         CONC.                                              DILUTED*                                                     CONC.__________________________________________________________________________                  LP-100          1.35   65   0.00   0                  LP-300          0.00   0    1.25   60                  EXXON 100       0.17   8    0.51   24.5                  GAFAC RM 710    0.31   15   0.07   3.5                  DIURON          0.08   4    0.08   4                  THIDIAZURON     0.17   8    0.17   8                  HARD WATER      97.92  0    97.92  0                  TOTAL           100.00 100  100.00 100__________________________________________________________________________                  RESULTS:                  EMULSIONS:                  APPEARANCE      grey white  grey white                  EMULSION BLOOM  poor        good                  EMULSION STABILITY                                  excellent   fair                  EC THERMAL STABILITY                                  &gt;4 weeks    &gt;4 weeks                  EMULSION CRYSTALLIZA-                                  none        none                  TION OF ACTIVES 24 HRS__________________________________________________________________________ *1 ml of concentrate was diluted to 47 ml.