Abstract:
A developer transportation device for transporting and evenly distributing developer for use in electrostatic copying machines, which has a rotary shaft, a first blade provided on the rotary shaft for transporting the developer in a first direction, a second blade provided on the same rotary shaft for transporting the developer in a second direction contrary to the first direction and a driving unit for driving the rotary shaft. The rotary action of the first and second blades causes the developer to be transported, agitated and evenly distributed by being moved in diverse directions.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     This invention relates to generally an electrostatic copying machine, and more particularly to a developer transportation device for promptly uniformly supplying developer to a developing roller. 
     In recent years, an electrostatic copying machine has been developed comprising a longitudinally oriented transportation device and a developer supply container positioned at one side end of the developer transportation device. Such a developer transportation device has been widely used in the electrostatic copying field. Having the supply container at one side end of the developer transportation device permits the container to be easily accessible for replenishing developer. As a result, it is unnecessary to remove the developer transportation device from the main body of the copying machine when refilling the container. Rather, the supply container alone can be removed by pulling it out from engagement with the main body. 
     A developer transportation device having such a structure is shown in U.S. Pat. No. 3,764,208 (Takahasi et al). The developer transportation means disclosed in this patent (see FIG. 12) comprises a pair of parallel screw rollers adapted for moving the developer in diverse directions to provide a uniform level of developer within the body of the transportation means. In addition to utilizing a pair of rollers, further structure is required for moving the developer in diverse directions. In particular, a plurality of gears are employed for turning one roller in a first angular direction while turning the other roller in a second angular direction opposite to the first angular direction. Consequently, this prior art developer transportation device has the disadvantage of requiring many additional elements for its operation and, thereby, producing a complicated structure for transporting the developer. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     It is an object of the present invention to provide a developer transportation device overcoming the disadvantages of the prior art by utilizing a simpler structure. 
     It is a further object of the present invention to provide a simple developer transportation device wherein the developer can be supplied from one side end of the device. 
     A still further object of the invention is to provide an electrostatic copying machine which the supplied developer is transported promptly and uniformly. 
     A still further object of the invention is to provide copies having sharp image and constant image density. 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of the preferred embodiment of the invention. 
     FIG. 2 is a transverse sectional view of along the line 2--2 of FIG. 1. 
     FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken on line 3--3 of FIG. 1 showing the developer container in a vertical position to feed into the supply chamber. 
     FIG. 4 is similar to FIG. 3, but with the empty developer container rotated downwardly so that it can be replaced with a full container. 
     FIG. 5 is a partially plan view showing the positioning and orientation of the first and second blades. 
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT 
     Referring now to FIGS. 1-5, an explanation will be given regarding the preferred embodiment of the invention. 
     As shown in FIGS. 1-2, the electrostatic copying machine of the invention comprises a removable developer supply container 22, a developer supply chamber 18, a developer transportation unit 35, contained within a casing 10, developer transfer station 15, and an electrophotographically sensitive drum 11. Developer 28, contained within supply container 22, is supplied to chamber 18 where it is transported into casing 10 by the transportation unit 35. Transfer rod 33, operatively connected to the transportation unit 35, transfers the developer within casing 10 to developing magnetic roller 12, contained within developer transfer station 15. The developer is finally transported from roller 12 onto the electrophotographically sensitive drum 11 for forming a visible powder image. 
     The developer supply container 22 is removably attachable by screw threads to a cylinder 20. As known in the prior art, the cylinder 20 is rotatably coupled with a peripheral wall 21 of the developer supply chamber 18 (see, e.g., U.S. Pat. No. 3,764,208). As shown in FIGS. 3-4, cylinder 20 is provided with a threaded opening 23 which receives a threaded opening 22a of developer supply container 22. The upper part of peripheral wall 21 includes a supply inlet 24 having substantially the same diameter as the inner diameter of threaded opening 23. 
     A separating wall 45 separates the developer supply chamber 18 from the transportation unit 35. As shown in FIGS. 1-2, however, the lower portion of wall 45 contains an orifice 17 which is semicircular in shape and is aligned with the lower portion of peripheral wall 21. Orifice 17 permits developer to be supplied from the supply chamber 18 to within casing 10 of transportation unit 35. As shown in FIG. 1, a rotary shaft 27 extends from a driving device D through casing 10 and into developer supply chamber 18. Positioned on a portion 27a of rotary shaft 27 within developer supply chamber 18, are a pair of rod-like agitator elements 30. When driving device D is energized (e.g., approximately 50 R.P.M.), the agitator elements 30 stir the developer 28 supplied from the container 22 and promote its discharge through discharge orifice 17 and into casing 10. Positioned on a portion 27b of rotary shaft 27 within casing 10, are a plurality of first blades 31 and a plurality of second blades 32 to form the developer transportation unit 35. As shown in FIG. 1, a first set of the first and second blades are alternately positioned and aligned along the axis of the upper portion of shaft 27b, while a second set of first and second blades are alternately positioned and aligned along the axis of the lower portion of shaft 27b. As a result, the first and second set of blades will be positioned diametrically opposite for each angular movement of shaft 27 during rotation. Although the first and second blades of the first set are shown in FIG. 1 to by asymmetrically positioned about the axis of shaft 27b, with respect to the first and second blades of the second set, it is also contemplated by the invention that the blades can be symmetrically positioned about the axis of shaft 27b. 
     A pair of transfer rods 33 are provided on rotary shaft 27b for transferring the developer 28 within casing 10 to magnetic roller 12 of developer transfer station 15. Transfer rods 33 have, for example, a diameter of 3 mm and are rotated at approximately 50 R.P.M. with first and second blades 31, 32. Positioned beneath the lower portion of magnetic roller 12 is a developer holding frame 13 for catching any developer which has not adhered to magnetic roller 12. Developer transfer station 15 includes a leveler 14 for regulating the thickness of developer which adheres to magnetic roller 12. 
     As will be discussed below, first blades 31 transport the developer in a first direction x, while second blades 32 transport the developer in a second direction y which is contrary to the first direction (see FIGS. 1 and 5). As shown in FIG. 5, first blades 31 and second blades 32 are mounted to shaft 27b and when rotated in the direction indicated have trailing edges 31b and 32b, respectively. First blades 31 are mounted to the shaft so as to have its trailing edges 31b positioned at approximately an angle 38 to the first direction of transportation x. Second blades 32 are mounted to the shaft so as to have its trailing edge 32b positioned at approximately an angle 41 to the second direction of transportation y. The angle 38 of the first blades must be more than angle 41 of the second blades. For example, angle 38 could be 70° while angle 41 is 60°. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 5, first blades 31 and second blades 32 are formed to have a first surface area 31a and a second surface area 32a, respectively; second surface area 32a being larger than first surface area 31a. 
     As shown in FIG. 1, a leaf spring 43 connected to cylinder 20 provides temporary positional locking of cylinder 20 and supply chamber 18. A convex portion of leaf spring 43 is received within a recess 44, formed on the outer surface of the supply chamber 18, for maintaining cylinder 20 in a position such that opening 23 and supply inlet 24 coincide. 
     Next, explanation will be given regarding the operation of the developer transportation device. With the container 22 positioned in a vertical position as shown in FIG. 3, developer will be supplied into the supply chamber 18. When container 22 is empty, it can be replaced by rotating it downwardly in the u direction as shown in FIG. 4, so that it can be replaced with a full container 22. To permit such downward rotation of cylinder 20 and container 22, it is necessary to remove the convex portion of leaf spring 43 from recess 44. While in this downward position, the empty container can be unscrewed from threaded opening 23a and replaced with a full container. The threaded opening 22a of a full supply container 22 can be screwed into position with opening 23 of cylinder 20 and then rotated upwardly to the vertical position shown in FIG. 3. In this vertical position, the convex portion of the leaf spring 43 can then engage recess 44 and maintain cylinder 20 in position. When in this position, the opening 23 and the supply inlet 24 coincide and, thereby, permit developer 28 within supply chamber 22 to be supplied into chamber 18. Furthermore, a portion of the developer supplied to chamber 18 will discharge into casing 10 through orifice 17. 
     Upon energizing drive unit D, the magnetic roller 12 is rotated in the v direction and the rotary shaft 27 is rotated in the w direction. As a result, the developer 28 is transported through the casing 10 in the x direction by the rotary action of the first blades 31 through the developer. As the developer is moved in the x direction by the action of first blades 31, a space is temporarily produced adjacent orifice 17 which permits developer to be discharged from the supply chamber 18 into the casing 10 with the aid of the agitator 30. When the developer 28 reaches the level shown by broken line A, it is successively stacked at the opposite end of casing 10 as shown by broken line B. When this occurs, the developer is then transported in the y direction by the rotary action of the second blades through the developer. The action of blades 32 produce transportation of the developer in direction y contrary to direction x since the trailing edges 32b of blades 32 are angled in an opposite direction to first blades 31. The transport speed of the developer in the y direction is faster than in the x direction due to the angular orientation and surface area of blades 32. That is, angle 41 of second blades 32 is smaller than angle 38 of first blades 31, and the surface area 32a of second blades 32 is larger than the surface area 31a of first blades 31. Since blades 31 are spaced farther from shaft 27 than blades 32, blades 32 contact the developer at a depth or zone which represents a lesser distance from shaft 27 than the depth or zone that blades 31 contact the developer. 
     Due to the rotary action of both blades 31 and 32, the surface of the developer within casing 10 is made level and even; the height of this surface eventually reaches the height of the upper end of the developer discharging orifice 17, as shown by broken line C. As the developer within casing 10 is consumed during the photocopying process, developer from supply chamber 18 is supplied to casing 10. The amount of developer consumed during the photocopying process will equal to the amount of developer supplied from chamber 18. As a result, the developer 28 within casing 10 is held at the constant level shown by broken line C. Since the transport speed in the y direction is larger than that in the x direction, developer 28 is made even (see line C--FIG. 1) without being stacked (see line B--FIG. 1) at the opposite end of the casing 10.