Abstract:
A short inking unit for a rotary printing machine is provided. The short inking unit includes a changeable machine glazing cylinder.

Description:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION 
   The present invention is directed to a short inking system of a rotary printing press. The present invention is also directed to a method for using a short inking system. 
   BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
   WO 91/13761 A1 describes a short inking system of a rotary printing press in which the forme cylinder and the ink application roller have the same diameter. A traversing smoothing roller is assigned to the ink application roller. 
   U.S. Pat. No. 4,332,195 discloses an inking system with a screen roller, in which an axially movable smoothing cylinder is provided. The smoothing cylinder and the ink application rollers have different diameters. 
   EP 0 418 778 A2 shows an inking system with axially movable ink application rollers. The ratio of the diameters of the ink application rollers and forme cylinders is not discussed. 
   SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
   The object of the present invention is directed to providing a short inking system for a rotary printing press. 
   In accordance with the present invention, the object is attained by providing a short inking system of a rotary printing press having an anilox or screen roller and at least one cooperating ink application roller which inks a forme cylinder. The circumference of the forme cylinder may be a whole number multiple of the ink application roller. The ink application roller may move axially with respect to the forme cylinder. Alternatively, a smoothing cylinder, whose diameter is the same as the ink application roller, may moved axially. A separate drive may be provided for the ink application roller or the smoothing cylinder. 
   This short inking system, without duct-adjusting screws, is preferably arranged in offset printing presses for quality job printing. 
   Short inking systems are generally known. They are typically embodied as dual rollers with an anilox roller and an application roller. They are sufficient for good newspaper quality. To provide jobbing quality on coated paper, using a fine seventy line raster image plate, for example, anilox rollers, with comparatively finer engraving than the anilox rollers typically used for newspaper printing, are required in order to avoid moiré effects. However, anilox rollers of that type, with finer engraving, are sensitive to mechanical damage. 
   In accordance with the present invention, a coarser, and thus a mechanically more stable, structure of the anilox roller can also be used for fine line raster image plates if the ink film generated by a such a coarse anilox or screen roller is smoothed on the application roller before the fine line raster image plate is touched. 
   Smoothing rollers with lateral distribution are known, per se, for use with classical inking systems. However, their diameter is kept small, they perform more than one revolution per length of print and they reverse on the plate or forme with their reversing points having a lateral distribution. 
   This use of smoothing rollers therefore results in stenciling, ink accumulations, in particular also from the print conduit of web-fed printing presses, and in a decrease in inking across the length of the circumference toward the end of printing. 
   It is proposed in accordance withe the present invention, and in a new and unique way to use only a single smoothing cylinder, which rotates at a ratio of 1:1 with the forme cylinder and which can therefore not stencil on the circumference of the plate or forme. 
   Falling of the smoothing cylinder into the application roller trough or groove is prevented by bearer rings, and stopping of the smoothing cylinder in the application roller trough or groove is prevented by a gear wheel drive. With an endless vulcanized 1:1 application roller, the bearer rings and the gear wheel drive of the smoothing cylinder can be omitted. However, the greatest imprint quality can be achieved by the use of offset print blankets as the ink transfer medium on the application roller cylinder, which use of such offset print blankets requires a clamping groove or a vulcanized rubber blanket cylinder sleeve. 
   The smoothing cylinder is moved back and forth only once over two of its revolutions. During its first revolution, the smoothing cylinder performs a forward or axial movement, in a first axial direction, over the entire print development length, of approximately 15 to 20 mm. The reversal of movement direction takes place with the surface of the smoothing cylinder lying in the cylinder groove of the application roller. During its second revolution, the smoothing cylinder travels back again, in a reverse axial direction, over the entire print development length, without a movement direction reversal. Reversal of the axial movement direction again takes place while the smoothing cylinder is aligned with the cylinder trough or groove of the application roller. It is assured, in this way, that no differences in ink color, because of stopping or because of movement direction reversal of the smoothing cylinder on the application roller, the plate, and therefore in the print image on the paper, become visible. 
   In every case, the axial lift or the axial displacement of the smoothing cylinder must be sufficiently large so that a distance of more than one cup, or of the line resolution distance between more than one hachure or line of engraving, on the anilox or screen roller is laterally distributed in the contact strip between the smoothing cylinder and the ink application roller. 
   The three roller inking system, a dual roller inking system with an additional 1:1-size smoothing roller, provides inking, which is free of stencils, to extremely difficult printing formes, along with satisfactory ink density over the width and the circumference of the printing formes on the forme cylinder. 
   In a further development of the present invention, the ink application roller can also work, together with a double-size plate cylinder, for two different ink plates on the circumference, for example, and therefore with a cylinder ratio of plate cylinder to ink application roller of 2:1 and more. In that case, the application roller must be clocked or timed in order to only ink its ink plate while it continues to remain in contact with the anilox or screen roller. In this case, the smoothing cylinder must follow the small position change of the application roller, i.e. the bearer ring is preserved by suitable means. 

   
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     Preferred embodiments of the present invention are represented in the drawings and will be described in greater detail in what follows. 
     Shown are in: 
       FIG. 1 , a schematic representation of a print unit with a printing forme on the circumference of the forme cylinder in accordance with the present invention, and in 
       FIG. 2 , a schematic representation of a printing press, in which each forme cylinder has two printing formes, each of which is inked by an inking system. 
   

   DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
   An inking system of a rotary printing press, preferably an offset rotary printing press, and as shown in  FIG. 1 , substantially has a screen roller or anilox roller  03 , a first inking roller  04 , for example an ink application roller  04 , as well as a further inking roller  05 , for example a smoothing cylinder  05 . For supplying ink to the anilox or screen roller  03 , a doctor blade device  02 , for example a chamber doctor blade  02 , is assigned to the anilox or screen roller  03 . Preferably the ink is pasty and has a viscosity greater than 9000 mPa.s. 
   The ink application roller  04  inks a printing forme, for example the printing plate of a forme cylinder  06 , for example a plate cylinder  06 . 
   This forme cylinder  06  works together with a transfer cylinder  07 , for example a rubber blanket cylinder  07 . Together with a counter-pressure cylinder  08 , this transfer cylinder  07  constitutes a printing location. The counter-pressure cylinder  08  can be embodied as a “hard” counter-pressure cylinder  08 , for example with holding elements, or as a second transfer cylinder. An inking system can be assigned to the forme cylinder  06 , in which case the radius r 04  of the ink application roller  04  is identical to the radius r 06  of the forme cylinder  06 . 
   If, as depicted in  FIG. 2 , several, for example two, inking systems are assigned to the forme cylinder  06 , the number of inking systems assigned to the forme cylinder  06  is equal to a whole number multiple of the ratio of the radius r 06  of the forme cylinder  06  to the radius r 04  of the ink application roller  04 . In this depicted configuration shown in  FIG. 2 , the radius r 06  of the forme cylinder  06  is twice the radius r 04  of the ink application roller  04  since two inking systems are assigned to the forme cylinder  06 . 
   The ink application roller  04  preferably contacts the forme cylinder  06 , as well as the anilox or screen roller  03 . However, several inking rollers or ink application rollers  04  of the same size may be positioned between the anilox or screen roller  03  and the forme cylinder  06 . 
   A further or an additional ink application roller  05 , for example a smoothing roller  05 , is assigned to each such ink application roller  04 . 
   The ink application roller  04  and/or the smoothing cylinder  05  perform a lift or a displacement or movement in the axial direction. 
   The smoothing cylinder  05  preferably performs traversing movements, and the ink application roller  04  is preferably fixed in the axial direction. 
   A ratio of a line spacing or resolution of the anilox or screen roller  03  to an image raster or resolution of the printing forme of the forme cylinder  06  is greater than 0.5, in particular greater than 0.8. 
   While preferred embodiments of a short inking system for a rotary printing machine in accordance with the present invention have been set forth fully and completely hereinabove, it will be apparent to one of skill in the art that a number of changes could be made without departing from the true spirit and scope of the present invention which is accordingly to be limited only by the following claims.