Abstract:
The present invention discloses method for modulating the growth of body and/or head/cranial hair on mammalian organisms, for example humans, by administering thereto, whether topically and/or systemically, therapeutically effective amounts of at least one cannabinoid ligands, in combination with or without other suitable therapeutically active agents.

Description:
FIELD OF INVENTION  
       [0001]     The present invention discloses a process for modulating the growth of body and/or head/cranial hair on mammalian organisms, for example humans, by administering thereto, whether topically and/or systemically, therapeutically effective amounts of at least one cannabinoid modulators, in combination with or without other suitable therapeutically active agents.  
       BACKGROUND AND PRIOR ART  
       [0002]     Cannabinoids are present in Indian hemp  Cannabis saliva  and have been well known for their medicinal properties for ages. Cannabinoids as a therapeutic agents is however a recent phenomenon. (Williamson E. M. &amp; Evans E. J.  Drugs  2000 December; 60(6): 1303-14) Research in this area over the last decade have provided very important information on the cannabinoid receptors and their agonists and antagonists.  
         [0003]     There has been an increased interest among the different pharmaceutical companies in developing drugs for the treatment of diseases connected with disorders of the cannabinoid systems (Greenberg D. A,  Drugs News  &amp;  Perspectives  1999; 12: 458; Kulkarni S. K. &amp; Ninan,  Indian Journal of Pharmacology  2001; 33; 170-184; Piomelli D et. al.,  Trends Pharmacol Sci.  2000 June; 21(6); 218-24). Several compounds which are either CB 1 , CB 2  &amp;/or CB 3  antagonists have been reported and are under various stages of development for e.g. SR-141716 A (Sanofi), CP-272871 (Pfizer), LY-320135 (Eli Lily), AM-630 (Alexis), SR-144528 (Sanofi) etc.  
         [0004]     Compounds which mimic the actions of the cannabinoids are useful for preventing or reversing the symptoms that can be treated with cannabis, some of its derivatives, and synthetic cannabinoids in a human or other mammalian subject. Thus compounds which are modulators of cannabinoid receptors are known to be useful in the treatment or amelioration of disorders, in mammals, such as (a) pulmonary disorders including asthma, chronic bronchitis; (b) ocular disorders such as glaucoma; (c) allergies and allergic reactions; (d) inflammatory conditions like arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease; (e) pain, (f) immune system disorders like AIDS, lupus; (g) allograft rejections; (h) central nervous system disorders like Torette&#39;s syndrome, Parkinson&#39;s disease, Huntington&#39;s disease, epilepsy, various psychotic disorders like depression, manic depression etc.; (i) vomiting, nausea and vertigo; (O) obesity; (k) cognitive disorders such as Alzheimer&#39;s disease; (1) schizophrenia; (m) smoking cessation  
         [0005]     Use of cyclooxygenase or a lipoxygenase inhibitor as hair growth modulators have been described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,465,421 &amp; U.S. Pat. No. 5,928,654.  
         [0006]     We herein disclose compounds, which are cannabinoid receptors ligands, as hair growth modulators suitable for use in mammals either alone or in combination with other suitable therapeutically active agents. 
     
    
     DESCRIPTION OF THE ACCOMPANYING DRAWINGS  
       [0007]      FIGS. 1 and 2 : Effect of Compound 2 on Hair Growth in C57BL/6J Mice 
     
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION  
       [0008]     The present invention discloses compounds, which are cannabinoid receptors ligands, suitable for modulating hair growth in mammals. Several compounds which act as cannabinoid receptors ligands, their preparation and their use in medicine have been reported in U.S. 20050101592, U.S. 20050096379, U.S. Pat. No. 5,925,768, U.S. Pat. No. 6,344,474, U.S. Pat. No. 6,028,084, U.S. Pat. No. 5,462,960, EP 0656354, U.S. Pat. No. 6,432,984, U.S. Pat. No. 6,509,367, U.S. Pat. No. 5,624,941, U.S. 20010053788, U.S. Pat. No. 6,476,060, U.S. 2004039024, EP1230222, EP 122952, FR 2816938, FR 2761266, FR 2800375, EP 0656354, EP 0576357, WO 0170700, WO 02076949, WO 2005044822, WO 2004096801, WO 2004094429, WO 2004096794, WO 2004094421, WO 2004094417, WO 2004096763, WO 200435566, WO 2004048317, WO 2004037823, WO 2004017920, WO 2004029204, WO 2004026301, WO 2004021974, WO 03082833, WO 03027076, WO 03026648, WO 03026647, WO 03020217, WO 03082191, WO 03084930, WO 03084943, WO 0228346, WO 0158450, WO 0185092, WO 0132663, WO 0132629, WO 9719063. Other compounds having similar activity have been disclosed in  J Pharmacology  &amp;  Experimental Therapeutics,  2003, 306(1), 363-370;  Bioorganic Medicinal Chemistry,  1997, 5, 1591-1600;  J Med. Chem.  1999, 42, 769-776;  Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett.,  1999, 9, 2233-2236;  Bioorg. Med. Chem.  2003, 11, 251-263;  Bioorg. Med. Chem.  2003, 11, 3121-3132;  Bioorg. Med. Chem.  2004, 12, 393-404,  J Biological Chemistry,  1996, 271, 6941-6946;  J. Med. Chem.,  2002, 45, 1748-1756;  J. Med. Chem.,  2002, 45, 2708-2719;  J Med. Chem.,  2002, 45, 3649-3659;  J Med. Chem.,  2002, 45, 1447-1459;  J. Med. Chem.,  2003, 46, 642-645;  J. Med. Chem.,  2004, 47, 627-643;  J Pharmacology  &amp;  Experimental Therapeutics,  2002, 301(3), 963-968;  Molecular Pharmacology,  2002, 62(6), 1274-1287;  Drugs Fut.,  2002, 27 (Suppl. A):  XVIIth Int. Symposium on Medicinal Chemistry, Chem. Pharm. Bull.,  2002, 50, 1109-1113. However, use of such compounds as modulators of hair growth has not been envisaged.  
         [0009]     In a specific embodiment, the present invention discloses use of compounds disclosed in any of the above references or pharmaceutical compositions containing them as modulators of hair growth in mammals either alone or in combination with one or more other suitable therapeutic agents.  
         [0010]     A “cannabinoid receptor ligand” according to the present invention includes a cannabinoid receptor antagonist, agonist or an inverse agonist.  
         [0011]     A “hair growth modulator” according to the present invention includes a compound which hair growth stimulant or a repressant.  
         [0012]     In a further embodiment the present invention provides method of modulating hair growth in mammals by treatment with compounds which axe ligands of the cannabinoid receptors.  
         [0013]     In one of its embodiments the suitable cannabinoid receptor ligands for use according to the present invention bind to CB 1 , CB 2  and/or CB 3  receptors.  
         [0014]     In a preferred embodiment, the compounds may be selected from the group which are preferentially antagonist or an inverse agonists of the CB 1  receptor.  
         [0015]     Non-limiting examples of cannabinoid receptor ligands are Rimonabant or its analogues, SLV-319 and the like.  
         [0016]     In a further embodiment, the present invention discloses compound of formula (I) or pharmaceutical composition containing the same, as modulators of hair growth in mammals,  
                         
 
 wherein, 
    R 1  represents substituted or unsubstituted groups selected from (C 3 -C 7 )cycloalkyl, (C 3 -C 7 )cycloalkenyl, bicycloalkyl, bicycloalkenyl, aryl, aralkyl, heterocyclyl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl(C1-C 12 )alkyl &amp; heteroar(C 1 -C 12 )alkyl;     R 2  represents a substituted or unsubstituted single or used heteroaromatic or a heterocyclic group containing one or more heteroatoms selected from N, O or S;     R 3  represents hydrogen, halo, cyano, nitro, (C 1 -C 12 ) substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, (C 1 -C 12 ) substituted or unsubstituted haloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, cycloalkyl, alkylsulfonyl groups;     X is either a direct bond or a group —(CH 2 ) n N(R 4 )—, wherein R 4  is H, or a (C 1 -C 3 )alkyl and n is 0-2;     R represents —NR 5 R 6  where R 5  is either H or (C 1 -C 6 )alkyl; R 6  is  
                         
 
 where R a  is (C 1 -C 6 )alkyl or R a  forms a bridge with one of the atoms of the heterocyclic radical formed by —NR b Rc; 
    R b  and R o  represents substituted or unsubstituted groups selected from alkyl, aralkyl or alkenyl or R b  &amp; R c  together with the nitrogen atom to which they are bonded, form a 5 to 8 membered saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic radical which may be optionally substituted and may be fused.    
 
         [0023]     In yet another embodiment, the present invention discloses compound of formula (Ia) or pharmaceutical composition containing the same, as regulators/promoters/stimulators of hair growth in mammals,  
                         
 
 wherein, 
    ‘R 7 ’ and ‘R 8 ’ are the same or different and represent phenyl, thienyl or pyridyl groups, which may be optionally substituted with 1-3 substituents Y, which may be same or different and selected from the group C 1-3 -alkyl or alkoxy, hydroxy, halogen, trifluoromethyl, trifluromethylthio, trifluromethoxy, nitro, amino, mono- or dialkyl (C 1-2 )-amino, mono- or dialkyl (C 1-3 )-alkyl sulfonyl, dimethylsulfamido, C 1-3 -alkoxycarbonyl, carboxyl, trifluromethylsulfonyl, cyano, carbamoyl and acetyl, or R 7  and/or &amp; represent naphtyl; ‘R 9 ’ represents hydrogen, hydroxy, C 1-3 -alkoxy, acetyloxy or propionyloxy; 
        ‘Aa’ represents one of the groups (i), (ii), (iii), (iv) or (v)  
                         
 
 wherein 
    ‘R 11 ’ and ‘R 12 ’ independently of each other represent hydrogen or C 1-8  branched or unbranched alkyl or C 3-8  cycloalkyl or ‘R 11 ’ represents acetamido or dimethylamino or 2,2,2-trifluroethyl or phenyl or pyridyl with the proviso that R 12  represents hydrogen     ‘R 13 ’ represents hydrogen or C 1-3  unbranched alkyl;     ‘Bb’ represents sulfonyl or carbonyl;     ‘R 10 ’ represents benzyl, phenyl, thienyl or pyridyl which may be substituted with 1,2 or 3 substitutents Y, which can be the same or different, or ‘R 10 ’ represents C 1-8  branched or unbranched alkyl or C 3-6  cycloalkyl, or ‘R 10 ’ represents naphthyl.    
       
 
         [0030]     The present invention also envisages the use of compounds, which are potentially suitable as cannabinoid receptors ligands as modulators of hair growth in mammals.  
         [0031]     The present invention also discloses use of cannabinoid receptors ligands, in combination with other suitable therapeutically active agents for e.g. an inhibitor of cyclooxygenase or 5-lipoxygenase, or other hair growth modulators as are known in the art, as modulators of hair growth in mammals. Preferably, the other therapeutically active agent may be selected from Dutasteride, Finasteride, Minoxidil, Fluorominoxidil, Fluridil, Viprostol, Trequinsin hydrochloride, Namindil and Procyanidin B-2.  
         [0032]     The quantity of active component, according to the present invention, in the pharmaceutical composition and unit dosage form thereof may be varied or adjusted widely depending upon the particular application method, the potency of the particular compound and the desired concentration. Generally, the quantity of active component will range between 0.5% to 90% by weight of the composition.  
         [0033]     The precise dose and method of administration of cannabinoid receptors ligands to be used according to the present invention, will be determined by a number of factors, which will be apparent to those skilled in the art, in light of the disclosure herein.  
         [0034]     Any suitable cannabinoid receptors ligands may be employed. A cannabinoid receptors ligands will be suitable if: 
    (a) at the dose and method of administration to the mammalian subject, it is not acutely toxic, and does not result in chronic toxicity disproportionate to the therapeutic benefit derived from treatment; and     (b) at the dose and method of administration to the mammalian subject it modulates hair growth in the subject.    
 
         [0037]     Methods for conducting toxicity studies are known in the art.  
         [0038]     The patient is preferably mammalian. In one embodiment the patient in which hair growth is modulated is a human. In another embodiment, it is a domestic animal such as cat, dog or horse.  
         [0039]     In one embodiment of the invention, there is provided a method of modulating hair growth in mammalian patient in need thereof. The method comprises: selecting a patient in need of modulating hair growth, and administering a suitable cannabinoid receptor ligand.  
         [0040]     In an embodiment is provided a topical formulation comprising atleast one caunabinoid receptor ligand, as a hair growth stimulant. The topical formulation may optionally contain one or more further hair growth stimulant. The formulation may further comprise other pharmaceutically acceptable excipients, suitable for suitably formulating the composition. The formulation may be prepared by techniques known in the art.  
         [0041]     In one embodiment of the invention, there is provided a kit containing a cannabinoid receptor ligand and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient. In one embodiment, the kit further comprises of, instnrctions for administering the cannabinoid receptor ligand to modulate hair growth in a mammalian subject. In yet another embodiment the kit still further comprises a means to administer the cannabinoid receptor ligand. Such kits may be prepared by techniques known.  
         [0042]     Representative compounds suitable for carrying out the present invention includes;  
                                       Compound   Structure   IUPAC name                                   Compound 1                                 Hydrochloride salt of 5-(5-Chloro- thiophen-2-yl)-1-(2,4-dichloro- phenyl)-4-methyl-1H-pyrazole-3- caxboxylic acid piperidin-1-ylamide               Compound 2                                 5-(4-Chloro-phenyl)-1-(2,4-dichloro- phenyl)-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxylic acid ethyl ester               Compound 3                                 4-Chloro-N-{[3-(4-chloro-phenyl)-4- phenyl-4,5-dihydro-pyrazol-1-yl]- methylamino-methylene}-benzene sulfonamide               Compound 4                                 4-Chloro-N-{[3-(4-chloro-phenyl)-4- phenyl-4,5-dihydro-pyrazol-1-yl]- methylamino-methylene}-benzene sulfonamide                  
 
         [0043]     The present invention is illustrated by the following examples, which are provided for the sake of illustrations only and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention in any way.  
       EXAMPLE  
     Effect of Compound 1 and Compound 2 on Hair Growth and Body Weight in Male C57BL/6 Mice  
       [0044]     The C57BL/6 mice were housed on a lightdark cycle in a room with temperature (22±2° C.) and humidity control. They were fed either a high-fat diet (HFD) (49% fat, 18% protein, 33% carbohydrate) or a standard mouse diet (STD) (8% fat, 19% protein, 73% carbohydrate). Six-week-old C57BL/6J male mice were given HFD or STD diets for 17 wks before drug treatment started. This diet treatment caused significantly higher body weight gain in high-fat fed male animals as compared to normal diet animals. Simultaneously, the animals in the high fat diet fed group showed significant loss of body hair, especially on the back. After this, mice were weighed and treated as per the following three groups, while the diet treatment continued.  
         [0045]     High-fat diet fed &amp; vehicle treated (HFD-V), 
        High-fat diet fed &amp; treated with 10 mg/kg Compound 2 (HFD-R 10 mg)     High-fat diet fed &amp; treated with 10 mg/kg Compound 1 (HD-ZY 10 mg)     Compound 1 and Compound 2 were administered orally in distilled water with 0.1% Tween 80 one hour before the onset of the dark phase.        
 
         [0049]     The animals were observed daily. Body weights were recorded daily, and the animals were photographed on 28 th  day on the back, The results are mentioned in Table 1 and Table 2. It indicates that the treatment with 10 mg/kg Compound 1, has significantly enhanced the growth of body hair. The same treatment has resulted decrease in body weight.  
                             TABLE 1                           Effect of different treatments on the hair growth on male C57BL/6J mice       Table indicate the bald area (where hair growth or pigmentation       has not appeared) after 28 th  day of dosing (n = 6)                Group   Area (cm 2 ) (Mean ± Standard Error Mean)                       HFD-V   0.346 ± 0.079           HFD-Compound 2   0.156 ± 0.068           HFD- Compound 1   0.011 ± 0.223                      
 
         [0050]    
       
         
               
             
               
             
               
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE 2 
               
             
             
               
                   
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Effect of different treatments on the body 
               
               
                 weight in male C57BL/6J mice (n = 6) 
               
             
          
           
               
                 Group 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                 Body Weight on Day 0 (g) 
               
               
                 HFD-V 
                 30.5 ± 1.3 
               
               
                 HFD- Compound 2 
                 30.5 ± 1.6 
               
               
                 HFD- Compound 1 
                 29.2 ± 1.1 
               
               
                   
                 Body Weight on Day 28 (g) 
               
               
                 HFD-V 
                 29.7 ± 1.1 
               
               
                 HFD- Compound 2 
                 27.1 ± 1.1 
               
               
                 HFD- Compound 1 
                 26.9 ± 1.1 
               
               
                   
                 Change in Body Weight (g) in 28 days versus Day 0 
               
               
                 HFD-V 
                 −0.8 ± 0.4 
               
               
                 HFD- Compound 2 
                 −3.5 ± 0.8 
               
               
                 HFD- Compound 1 
                 −1.7 ± 0.5 
               
               
                   
                 Change in Body Weight (g) versus HFD-V 
               
               
                 HFD-V 
               
               
                 HFD- Compound 2 
                 −9.7 ± 2.8 
               
               
                 HFD- Compound 1 
                 −3.3 ± 1.8 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
         [0051]     These data indicate that compound 1 and compound 2 are able to stimulate hair growth in addition to decreasing body weight.