Abstract:
The invention proposes a hazard alarm system for buildings, said system having evaluation units, which are in the form of freely programmable control units, and a building management system. As a result of being connected in series, the evaluation units are connected to the building management system by means of a fast data link.

Description:
PRIOR ART 
       [0001]    The invention relates to a warning system for buildings, with evaluation units embodied as freely-programmable control units. 
         [0002]    From Published German Patent Disclosure DE 101 05 189 A1, a universally usable monitoring device for retrofitted installation in a warning system is known. This monitoring device has an interface with a building security bus. It is also known from DE 101 05 189 A1 that the monitoring device furnishes a serial interface that makes the connection of autonomous devices possible. 
       DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION 
     Advantages of the Invention 
       [0003]    The warning system for buildings, described hereinafter, in accordance with the independent claim has the advantage that the warning system can be used flexibly and in a way that is adapted to particular local conditions of use. It is especially advantageous that the safety-specific parameters in the fire, theft and emergency call field, furnished by respective alarms, can be assessed in a targeted way and quickly in the area of the particular location by the evaluation units. At the same time, the warning system described has the advantage that because of the evaluation units connected in series (daisy chain), great distances, in particular of several kilometers, can be spanned. This especially advantageously contributes to the fact that the described warning system can be used not only for monitoring in the field of communities, such as hospitals and nursing homes, but also in public areas, for instance for controlling emergency exit doors, and private areas for residential security. It is also possible to use the warning system in a combination of these areas. The warning system moreover has the advantage that because the evaluation unit is embodied as a freely-programmable control unit (FPS) and because local security buses are connected, small autonomous, self-contained security areas are connected to large-scale systems via the connection to a building management system. It is especially advantageous that the evaluation units are connected with the building management system into a ring, since this contributes to increasing the fail-safety of the warning system. 
         [0004]    Further advantages will become apparent from the ensuing description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the drawings and the dependent claims. 
     
    
     
       DRAWINGS 
         [0005]    The invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the embodiment shown in the drawings. The sole drawing,  FIG. 1 , shows a warning system for buildings. 
       
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS 
       [0006]    A warning system for buildings with evaluation units embodied as freely-programmable control units and with a building management system will be described below. By means of serial connection, the evaluation units are connected to the building management system via a high-speed data connection. 
         [0007]      FIG. 1  shows a warning system  1  for buildings, including a plurality of evaluation units  2 ,  22  embodied as freely-programmable control units (FPS), and a building management system  10 . The evaluation units  2 ,  22  are distinguished by the fact that they have a large number of inputs and memory-programmable outputs. Furthermore, the evaluation units  2 ,  22  include a microprocessor as well as both nonvolatile and volatile memory units. The nonvolatile memory units are read-only memories (ROM) or rewritable ROMs, such as an EPROM. The evaluation units  2 ,  22  are embodied such that a processing program, which links the input signals of the inputs to output signals of the outputs, is freely programmable and is stored in memory in the nonvolatile memory units. The volatile memory units are random access memories (RAM), which are used for buffer storage of data of the processing program. The evaluation units  2 ,  22  moreover have four interfaces  7  of a first type, which are designed for connection of a building security bus  3 . The building security bus is preferably the known LSN (Local Security Network) security bus. The building security buses  3  are connected as a ring to the interface  7  of the first type. The building security buses  3  are furthermore designed such that fire alarms  4 , combined with other types of alarms such theft alarms  5  and/or emergency call alarms  6 , can be operated on the building security bus  3 . Furthermore, the evaluation units  2 ,  22  include an interface  8  of a second type, which is designed for furnishing a high data transmission rate. The data transmission rate is preferably 9600 bit/s or more. When eight evaluation units are used, the data transfer time is 600 ms. The interfaces  8  of the second type each include two optoelectronic couplers  9 , which are designed such that the evaluation units  2 ,  22  galvanically decoupled from respective data lines  11 ,  12 , connected to their interface  8 , for making the data connection. In the preferred exemplary embodiment, a first evaluation unit  2  is connected via its interface  8  of the second type and an optoelectronic coupler  9  is connected via a data line  11  to a substantially identically constructed, second evaluation unit  22 , by means of its interface  8  of the second type and its optoelectronic coupler  9 , by series connection. Both evaluation units  2 ,  22  have the aforementioned interfaces  7  of the first type, which are designed such that the four building security buses have a total length of 1000 m; a total of up to 127 alarms of different types, in particular fire alarms  4 , theft alarms  5  and/or emergency call alarms  6 , are connected. The second evaluation unit  22  is connected, via the interface  8  of the second type and its optoelectronic coupler  9  and via a data line, to further evaluation units, not shown but essentially identical, and finally to a building management system  10 . The building management system  10  likewise includes an interface  8  of the second type, with two optoelectronic couplers  9  for connection to two data lines  11 ,  12 . In the preferred exemplary embodiment, the building management system  10  is connected, via the second optoelectronic coupler  9  and a second data line  12 , to the optoelectronic coupler  9  of the interface  8  of the first evaluation unit  2  in such a way that the connected evaluation units  2 ,  22  and the building management system  10  form a ring. The embodiment as a ring is not absolutely necessary, but it is advantageous for the sake of fail-safe reliability of the warning system  1 . The building management system  10  is designed such that it processes not only the data from the evaluation units  2 ,  22  but also data from further equipment, in particular from access control systems and/or heating and ventilation systems and/or video systems and/or acoustical systems. The building management system  10  is a computer-supported user-control and information system, which in the event of an alarm assures safe user control and initiation of appropriate provisions. It is embodied as either a single- or multiple-site system. In the preferred exemplary embodiment, the length of the data lines  11 ,  12  between two evaluation units  2 ,  22 , or between one evaluation unit  2 ,  22  and the building management system  10 , amounts to between 500 and 1000 meters. The evaluation units  2 ,  22  are constructed substantially identically with regard to the interfaces  7 ,  8  and the further inputs and outputs. Only the processing programs are adapted to the particular given conditions of the alarms connected and of the localities. The evaluation units  2 ,  22  are distinguished by the fact that the evaluation units  2 ,  22  are embodied such that they process and assess the safety-specific parameters of the alarms connected, by means of the processing programs adapted to the particular given situation. The evaluation units  2 ,  22  evaluate the signals transmitted from the alarms via the building security bus  3 , and as a function of the signals they generate digitally encoded alarm reports. These digitally encoded alarm reports are furnished to the second interfaces  8  for transmission to the building management system  10 . The evaluation units  2 ,  22  are designed such that each evaluation unit  2 ,  22  furnishes the alarm reports, received from a further evaluation unit  2 ,  22 , to the second interfaces  8  for forwarding to the building management system  10 .