Abstract:
A food processing system (20) includes a plurality of openable and closeable food product molds (32, 34) carried by a continuous serpentine conveyor (24) through a processing chamber (22) from a loading station (28) to an unloading station (30) and then returned by the conveyor from the unloading station to the loading station. An automatic mold opener (62) opens the mold at the unloading station. An automatic mold closer (64) closes the mold at the loading station, eliminating mold handling and storage by operating personnel.

Description:
BACKGROUND AND SUMMARY 
     The invention relates to food processing systems having a conveyor transporting a food product in a mold through a processing chamber, for example to cook or chill the food product. 
     The invention arose during continuing development efforts relating to, and is particularly useful in conjunction with, continuous serpentine conveyor systems, which are known in the art, for example as shown in U.S. Pat. No. 5,253,569, incorporated herein by reference. A serpentine food processor typically employs a continuous serpentine chain conveyor for transporting the food product through a processing chamber. The chamber has a predetermined temperature and environment for processing the food product, such as for cooking or chilling the product. The serpentine path provides a plurality of parallel flights connected at their ends by U-shaped bends. Each piece of food product carried by the serpentine conveyor is exposed to the same conditions of cooking or chilling as the piece of product ahead of or behind it. This provides a high degree of product uniformity, which results in high yields and extended shelf life of the product. In the processing chamber, cooking heat may be provided by steam, hot water, hot air or the like, and chilling may be provided by a tap water shower, recirculated brine or glycol, cooled air or the like. 
     The present invention particularly arose during development efforts directed toward a molded ham cooker. The ham product is in a bag, which bag is loaded into a shaping mold, e.g. 4 inches by 6 inches by 60 inches to form a loaf which is later sliced. A plurality of molds are carried by a conveyor through a processing chamber from a loading station to an unloading station and then returned by the conveyor from the unloading station to the loading station. The molds remain with the conveyor in the processing chamber. The bagged ham product is loaded into a mold at the loading station by an operator, and is removed or ejected from the mold at the unloading station. During cooking, the bagged ham takes the shape of the mold. 
     The invention provides various improvements in food processing systems, and has numerous applications. A particularly desirable advantage of the invention is that it eliminates mold handling and storage by operating personnel. 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     FIG. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a food processing system in accordance with the invention. 
     FIG. 2 is an isometric view of a pair of food product molds carried by the conveyor in the food processing system of FIG. 1. 
     FIG. 3 is an isometric view of a portion of a food product mold and conveyor chain drive therefore. 
     FIG. 3a is an exploded isometric view of a portion of the structure of FIG. 3. 
     FIG. 4 is a partially schematic view illustrating a portion of the conveyor of FIG. 1. 
     FIG. 5 is a partially schematic view illustrating the loading station of FIG. 1. 
     FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along line 6--6 of FIG. 5. 
     FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along line 7--7 of FIG. 6. 
     FIG. 8 is a partially schematic view illustrating the unloading station of FIG. 1. 
     FIG. 9 is a sectional view taken along line 9--9 of FIG. 8. 
     FIG. 10 is a sectional view taken along line 10--10 of FIG. 9. 
     FIG. 11 is a partially sectional view of a portion of the structure of FIG. 8. 
     FIG. 12 is a sectional view taken along line 12--12 of FIG. 10. 
     FIG. 13 is an end view of the structure of FIGS. 7 and 10, showing the mold in a closed position. 
     FIG. 14 is like FIG. 13 and shows the mold in a partially open sprung position. 
     FIG. 15 is a view like FIGS. 13 and 14 and shows the mold in an open position. 
     FIG. 16 is an isometric view similar to FIG. 3 and shows the mold in a closed position. 
     FIG. 17 is like FIG. 16 and shows the mold in a partially open sprung position. 
     FIG. 18 is like FIGS. 16 and 17 and shows the mold in an open position. 
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
     FIG. 1 shows a food processing system 20 including a food processing chamber 22 and a conveyor 24 in the chamber for transporting a food product 26 there-through between a loading station 28 and an unloading station 30. A plurality of openable and closable food product molds, two of which are shown in FIG. 2 at 32 and 34, are carried by conveyor 24 through chamber 22 from loading station 28 to unloading station 30 and then returned by the conveyor from unloading station 30 to loading station 28. The conveyor is provided by a continuous serpentine conveyor having a pair of distally opposite chains 36 and 38, FIGS. 2 and 3, conveyed around respective first and second sets of distally opposite sprockets, one of which is schematically illustrated in FIG. 4 at 40. The mold extends transversely between the chains and is mounted thereto by respective brackets in a fixed orientation relative to the chains. A single mold may extend transversely between the chains, or, in the preferred embodiment, a pair of molds 32 and 34, FIG. 2, extend end-to-end between the chains. In FIG. 2, each mold is 4 inches by 6 inches, to provide desired ham loaf cross-sectional dimensions, and is 60 inches long. The distance between chains 36 and 38 is about 132 inches. Molds 32 and 34 have respective first ends 42 and 44 facing each other and mounted to each other in fixed orientation by welded plates 46 and 48 extending between respective ends 42 and 44. Molds 32 and 34 have second distally opposite respective ends 54 and 56 each mounted to a respective chain 36 and 38 by a respective bracket 58 and 60. This provides a double mold system. 
     During transport movement of the mold by the conveyor, the mold is automatically opened by a mold opener 62 at unloading station 30, and is automatically closed by a mold closer 64 at loading station 28. Each mold is provided with an open receptacle 66, FIG. 2, having a lid 68 mounted thereto and movable between a first open position leaving the receptacle open, FIGS. 2, 15, 18, and a second closed position closing the receptacle, FIGS. 3, 13, 16. Each receptacle has a latch 70, FIG. 3, latching the lid in the closed position. Mold closer 64 automatically closes the lid and latches the latch. Mold opener 62 automatically unlatches the latch. Latch 70 is spring loaded by springs 72 and 74 and biased to an unlatched position. Mold opener 62 includes a latch release 76, FIG. 10, engaging and releasing the latch, and a retainer 78 retaining lid 68 in a partially open sprung position, FIGS. 10, 14, 17, to be described. A retention member 80, FIG. 8, engages lid 68 in the noted partially open sprung position and prevents movement of the lid to its open position until the mold traverses past retention member 80 at unloading station 30. 
     Lid 68 is mounted to receptacle 66 for compound movement, including pivotal movement and translational movement. The pivotal movement is about pivot axis 82, FIG. 3, between the noted open position, FIGS. 2, 11, 15, 18, and the noted partially open sprung position, FIGS. 10, 14, 17. The translational movement is along the axis of rod 84 between the partially open sprung position and the noted closed position, FIGS. 3, 7, 13, 16. 
     Lid 68 at each end has rods 84, 86, 88, FIG. 3a, extend therefrom through respective apertures 90, 92, 94 in side bar 96. The apertures support and guide movement of the rods therethrough. Helical compression springs 72 and 74 encircle respective rods 86 and 88 and bear against the underside 98 of the lid and the top facing surface 100 of side bar 96, to bias lid 68 upwardly in the orientation of FIG. 3a to the noted partially open sprung position, FIGS. 10, 14, 17. The upward translational biased movement of lid 68 is stopped by retaining ring 78 in annular groove 102 of rod 84 engaging the underside 104 of side bar 96, FIGS. 3a, 10, 18. Rod 84 is longer than rods 86 and 88 and extends downwardly in FIGS. 3 and 3a below the bottom 106 of receptacle 66. The bottom end of rod 84 has a lower flange 108. A sliding catch 110 is movable along axis 112 in FIG. 3a and is mounted to the underside 106 of receptacle 66 by a guide channel 114, FIGS. 7 and 12. 
     At loading station 28, mold closer 64 pushes catch 110 at arm 116, FIG. 7, away from mold receptacle 66, i.e. leftwardly in FIG. 7, to engage rod 84 at jaws 118 of the catch, FIG. 3a, to hold lid 68 in the noted closed position by engagement of flange 108 against the underside of catch 110. Mold closer 64 is provided by a pneumatic or hydraulic cylinder 118, FIG. 7, actuatable to extend its plunger 120 leftwardly in FIG. 7 such that flange 122 on the left end of rod 120 engages arm 116 of catch 110 to push the catch leftwardly from the position shown in phantom at 124 to the position shown in solid line. Lid 68 is pushed downwardly at loading station 28 by pneumatic or hydraulic cylinder 126, FIG. 5, extending its plunger 128 to engage lid 68 and push the latter downwardly such that rod 84 moves downwardly, FIG. 7, and can be engaged by catch 110 at jaws 118. An auxiliary conveyor 130, FIG. 5, is provided at loading station 28 to support the underside of mold receptacle 66 during the downward translational pushing movement exerted by plunger 128 against lid 68. 
     After closing of the lid at loading station 28 as above described, the closed mold is carried and transported by conveyor 24 through chamber 22. Each mold is attached to the conveyor in a fixed orientation relative thereto, to be described, such that each mold changes between upwardly facing, sideways facing, and downwardly facing positions as it traverses along the serpentine path. At unloading station 30, mold opener 62 opens the mold and permits discharge of the food product 26, FIG. 8, onto a conveyor 132 for transport to a further processing system such as a downstream chiller or the like. 
     At unloading station 30, mold opener 62 includes a hydraulic cylinder 134, FIG. 10, actuatable to retract plunger 136 having release flange 76 at the end thereof to engage and pull arm 116 of catch 110 rightwardly in FIG. 10 from the position shown in phantom at 138 to the position shown in solid line. This rightward movement of catch 110 disengages the catch jaws 118 from rod 84, allowing the latter to move upwardly in FIG. 10 due to the bias of springs 72 and 74, until stopped by engagement of retainer ring 78 against the underside 104 of side bar 96. Lid 68 is now in the noted partially open sprung position, and is free to pivot about pivot axis 82. Side bar 96 is mounted to receptacle 66 at trunion 140, FIG. 3a, and held thereon by nut 142. Lid 68 pivots to the open position by gravity, FIGS. 8 and 11. As the conveyor traverses around sprocket 133, FIG. 8, the mold latch is engaged and released, FIG. 10, and the lid 68 moves from the closed position to the partially open sprung position. Retention member 80 adjacent sprocket 133 engages lid 68 in the partially open sprung position and prevents pivoting of the lid to the open position until the mold traverses past retention member 80 and along slope 144 along a travel path adjacent the bottom of the sprocket, and the lid is then permitted to pivot to the open position. 
     At unloading station 30, the food product 26, FIG. 8, may be allowed to fall out of receptacle 66 by gravity, or may be pulled out by an operator. Preferably, however, an ejection mechanism 146 is provided at the unloading station. The ejection mechanism includes an air pressure source 148, FIG. 11, applying air pressure to an orifice 150 in the bottom of mold receptacle 66, to eject food product 26. A pneumatic or hydraulic cylinder 152 is mounted for limited pivotal movement about axis 154 at the unloading station and is centered by tension spring 156, and has an extendable plunger 158 with a rubber hemispherical cup 160 on its end engaging the underside of mold receptacle 66 and having a nipple 162 receiving pressurized air. Conveyor 24 moves slowly enough that plunger 158 can be extended and air pressure applied for a few seconds. 
     The mold travels from unloading station 30 to loading station 28 in a downwardly opening orientation of receptacle 66. Wash station 166, FIG. 1, and rinse station 168 are provided between unloading station 30 and loading station 28 and spray the downwardly opening mold receptacles from below. 
     At loading station 28, the conveyor traverses around a sprocket 170, FIG. 5, such that mold lid 68 pivots from the open position to the partially open sprung position. In one type of loading operation, the lid is manually held open by the operator while he loads the bagged ham product into receptacle 66, or the lid is manually reopened by the operator and the food product is loaded into the receptacle. Further alternatively, an auxiliary arm 172, FIG. 3a, is welded to side bar 96 and is engaged by a guide rail or the like (not shown) at the loading station during movement of the conveyor to pivot the lid back to the partially open sprung position prior to translational closing movement of the lid by hydraulic cylinder 126. Likewise, arm 172 may be engaged at unloading station 30 to pivot and positively open lid 68. 
     At loading station 28, the conveyor has an upper travel path adjacent the top of sprocket 170, and pneumatic or hydraulic cylinder plunger 128 provides a compression member along such upper travel path engaging the top of lid 68 and translationally moving the lid downwardly to the noted closed position, whereupon the latch engagement member provided by pneumatic or hydraulic cylinder plunger 120 and flange 122, FIG. 7, can engage and latch the mold latch. Auxiliary conveyor 130 provides a second compression member at the loading station engaging the bottom of the mold as a backstop therefor during downward translational movement of the lid by compression member 128. In an alternate embodiment, the upper compression member 128 may be provided by a further conveyor having a sloped or slanted undersurface engaging the top of lid 68 and gradually pushing the latter downwardly as the latter traverses leftwardly in FIG. 5 during movement of conveyor 24. 
     Mold mounting bracket 60, FIGS. 3 and 3a, is attached to chain 38 by a pair of chain link pins 173 and 174 which replace standard shorter length chain link pins such as 176. Pins 173 and 174 extend through respective apertures or slots 180 and 182 in bracket 60 and are retained by respective retainer rings 184 and 185 in respective annular grooves 186 and 188. The pair of pins 173 and 174 maintain the fixed orientation of the mold relative to the conveyor chains. Mold bracket 58 is comparably attached to conveyor chain 36. 
     The pins 173 and 174, FIG. 3, have a first distance 190, FIG. 4, therebetween when they are traversing with the conveyor chain along a straight run 192 between sprockets. The pins have a second shorter distance 194 therebetween when they are traversing with the conveyor chain along an arc 196 around a sprocket. At least one of the apertures or slots 180 and 182 is elongated, as shown at elongated slot 180, such that the respective pin 173 is permitted limited movement along such elongated slot 180 to accommodate the difference between distances 190 and 194 between pins 173 and 174 as the conveyor chain traverses along straight and arcuate portions 192 and 196, respectively, of its travel path. 
     It is recognized that various equivalence, alternatives and modifications are possible within the scope of the appended claims.