Abstract:
A method of providing photoprocessing services utilizes a packaging system in which photoprocessing solutions are distributed from a source of manufacture to a photofinishing site. The packaging system includes a rigid or semi-rigid outer container and at least one internal container. The internal container includes the processing solution, and can be made of a rigid or flexible material. The internal container may be separable from the outer container or may be in the form of an internal compartment that is integral with the outer container. As an option, the outer container can house a further container that is designed to collect waste or spent solution from the photoprocessing site. With the system of the present invention, a designated supplier entity can follow the packaging system through an entire usage cycle of the system. More specifically, the supplier entity assembles the packaging system, delivers it to the photoprocessing site, removes it from the photoprocessing site for refurbishing, and delivers the refurbished packaging system to the photoprocessing site for reuse. After several usage cycles and when the physical integrity of the cartridge begins to decrease, the packaging system can be discarded or recycled in accordance with local regulations. Following the above method facilitates reduced packaging cost, reduced handling of solutions and offers an environmental benefit.

Description:
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS  
       [0001]    Reference is made to commonly assigned copending application Ser. No. [our Docket No. 82053], entitled A PHOTOFINISHING PROCESSING SYSTEM AND A PROCESSING SOLUTION SUPPLY CARTRIDE FOR THE PROCESSING SYSTEM, filed concurrently herewith in the names of Robert Call, Jay Mathewson, Donna Timmons and Richard Horn. 
     
    
     
       FIELD OF THE INVENTION  
         [0002]    The present invention relates to a method of providing photoprocessing services and more specifically, a method of distributing photoprocessing solutions from a source of manufacture to a photofinishing site, utilizing a packaging system that can be reused several times, until damage or wear causes its physical integrity to render it unusable.  
         BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION  
         [0003]    Over the past few years photoprocessing services have directed a greater number of customers towards processing machines that utilize chemical supply cartridges as the means of chemical delivery. These chemical supply cartridges provide the assortment of chemistry solutions (developers, fixers, bleaches, etc.) which are used to process the particular photographic material. Typically, these solutions are provided in concentrated form and are combined with water as they are added into the photoprocessing system. Currently, these photochemical solutions are delivered by packages which are not reused. The cost of these packages, are typically high and often come close to or exceed the cost of the actual chemical solution they are supplying. Therefore, there is a need for a system and method of providing photoprocessing services which allows for part of the packaging or the total packaging to be reused several times. Such a method and system would minimize the amount of packaging waste generated and provide cost benefits.  
           [0004]    In most current operations, chemical supplies are provided by using a bag-in-a-box containers or as containers of concentrates. While the bag-in-a-box containers provide for an adequate mechanism for transport and quality of the solution, they generate a great deal of packaging waste and may not be an optimal design for preventing unwanted chemical leaks during transport and use. The packaging waste includes a financial cost in that this one-use packaging significantly contributes to the overall cost of the photofinishing chemicals. The waste also includes a negative environmental impact in that this one-use packaging is disposed of after each use. In using these bag-in-box containers, photofinishers need to take an additional step of disposal of the packaging material, and if residual amounts of photofinishing solutions are present after emptying the containers, these chemicals can limit the disposal methods. As regional regulations become more stringent, it becomes more difficult for the end user to dispose of the used packaging material. Therefore, there is presently a need for a packaging system or assembly where the packaging is designed to be reusable, so that the emptied containers can be shipped back to a distributor, who can then clean out the containers appropriately and refill them for subsequent use. There is further a need for a chemical management cartridge that both provides the complete chemical needs of the photoprocessor chemical solutions and then collects all the spent photochemistry. For such a self-contained packaging system, the processing system requires no attachment to water supplies and can be adapted to require no access to drains. By eliminating the need of this infrastructure, the photoprocessing machines can exist in underserved marketplaces such as airplanes, cruise ships and mobile booths.  
           [0005]    U.S. Pat. No. 5,675,792 discloses the use of a single reusable container. However, this arrangement has several drawbacks. First, if the processing system being supplied with solution requires more than one type of solution, additional containers are needed to interface with the processing system. Second, the stresses involved in transporting the container can cause cracks, leaks, etc., which would make a single container system without secondary containment a hazard risk. Third, the chemicals that need to be transported, (particularly the developer) may have certain constraints with packaging material selection, and the constraints of compatibility and transportability may narrow the selection of the container materials. Finally, U.S. Pat. No. 5,675,792 does not suggest a system or method of providing photoprocessing services.  
           [0006]    In the prior art, there remains a need for a method in which a service provider essentially follows the usage cycle of the container, by supplying a cartridge to a photoprocessing site, recovering the spent cartridge, and refurbishing the spent cartridge for reuse. Economic, service and environmental advantages exist when a single service provider provides, recollects, and refurbishes, and then ultimately disposes of the photographic chemical supply cartridge.  
         SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION  
         [0007]    The present invention provides a method of providing photofinishing services in which a supply entity, such as a single supplier or an association of suppliers, can provide chemistry, remove spent or waste solution, and refit/refurbish a chemical supply cartridge that is used in a photofinishing operation. The method can be done by a total service provider who follows a supply cartridge through its entire usage cycle. Therefore, the present invention provides for a method of distributing photoprocessing solutions from its source of manufacture to a photofinishing site, using a packaging system that can be reused several times, until physical integrity renders it unusable.  
           [0008]    The packaging system can be used to deliver solutions that are concentrated or supplied at their working strength. Furthermore, the method of the present invention can be used to deliver all of the solutions or only certain solutions that are critical to the quality of the photofinishing operations. An advantage of this kind of service is that a processing machine can have a standalone (without access to drains and water) ability, while the servicing of the processing machine as well as the packaging required to supply chemistry and capture waste is minimized.  
           [0009]    The present invention accordingly relates to a method of providing photoprocessing services which comprises the steps of (a) filling at least one internal container with a processing solution; (b) placing the at least one internal container having the processing solution therein into an outer container; (c) transporting the outer container having the at least one filled internal container therein to a processing site for use at the processing site, wherein during use, the outer container with the at least one filled internal container therein is fluidly connected to a processing machine at the processing site, such that the processing solution is supplied from the at least one filled internal container to the processing machine until the at least one internal container is emptied; (d) removing the outer container having the at least one empty internal container therein from the processing machine; and (e) preparing at least one of the internal and outer containers for reuse. In the method of the present invention, each of the steps (a) to (e) are performed by a designated supplier entity.  
           [0010]    Within the context of the present invention, a designated supplier entity can refer to a single supplier that offers to supply the total photochemical needs and other associated processing services, or an association of suppliers that offer the designated services noted above.  
           [0011]    The present invention further provides for a method of providing photoprocessing services which comprises filling at least one internal container with a processing solution; placing a waste container and the at least one internal container having a processing solution therein into an outer container; transporting the outer container having the waste container and the at least one filled internal container therein to a processing site for use at the processing site, wherein during use, the outer container with the at least one filled internal container therein is fluidly connected to a processing machine at the processing site, such that the processing solution is supplied from the at least one filled internal container to the processing machine until the at least one internal container is emptied and waste processing solution from the processing machine is collected in the waste container; removing the outer container containing the waste container filled with waste solution and the at least one empty internal container therein from the processing machine; and later refurbishing and reusing at least the outer container.  
           [0012]    The present invention further relates to a method of providing photoprocessing services which comprises (a) filling at least one internal compartment of a container with a processing solution, with the at least one internal compartment being integral with the container; (b) transporting the container having the at least one filled internal compartment to a processing site for use at the processing site, wherein during use, the container with the at least one filled internal compartment is fluidly connected to a processing machine at the processing site, such that the processing solution is supplied from the at least one filled internal compartment to a processing machine until the at least one internal compartment is emptied; (c) removing the container having the at least one emptied internal compartment from the processing machine; and (d) refurbishing the container and the internal compartment. In the method noted above, the steps (a) to (d) are performed by a designated supplier entity.  
           [0013]    The present invention further relates to a method of providing photoprocessing services which comprises filling a first internal compartment of a container with a processing solution, with the container having a second internal compartment for waste solution, and the first and second internal compartments being integral with the container; transporting the container having the filled first internal compartment and the second internal compartment for waste solution to a processing site for use at the processing site, wherein during use, the container is fluidly connected with a processing machine at the processing site, such that the processing solution is supplied from the first filled internal compartment to the processing machine until the first filled internal compartment is emptied, and waste solution from the processing machine is continuously or periodically collected in the second internal compartment for waste solution; removing the container having the emptied first internal compartment and the second internal compartment filled with waste processing solution therein from the processing machine; and refurbishing or preparing the container and the first and second internal compartments for reuse.  
           [0014]    The present invention further relates to a method of providing photofinishing services wherein a single service supplier performs the steps of supplying a processing solution packaging system having processing solution therein to a photofinishing site for use in a processor at the photofinishing site; removing the processing solution packaging system and waste processing solution resulting from the use of the processing packaging system from the photofinishing site; and refurbishing the processing solution packaging system for reuse at the photofinishing site or at a further photofinishing site.  
           [0015]    The present invention further relates to a photoprocessing method which comprises filling at least one internal container with a processing solution; placing the at least one internal container having the processing solution therein into an outer container; transporting the outer container having the at least one filled internal container therein to a processing site for use at the processing site, wherein during use, the outer container with the at least one filled internal container therein is fluidly connected to a processing machine at the processing site, such that the processing solution is supplied from the at least one filled internal container to the processing machine until the at least one internal container is emptied; removing the outer container having the at least one emptied internal container therein from the processing machine; and reusing at least the outer container.  
           [0016]    The present invention further relates to a method of providing photoprocessing services, wherein a single service supplier performs the steps of: supplying a processing solution packaging system having processing solution therein to a photofinishing site for use in a processor at the photofinishing site, with the packaging system comprising at least two rigid outer containers each having at least one internal container filled with processing solution therein, wherein an amount of solution in each of the internal containers is such that the solutions in the internal containers will be completely utilized during use in the processor, and wherein at least one of the rigid containers has a further internal container for receiving waste processing solution; removing the processing solution packaging system and waste processing solution resulting from the use of the processing solution packaging system from the photofinishing site; and refurbishing the processing solution packaging system for reuse at the photofinishing site or at a further photofinishing site.  
           [0017]    The present invention further relates to a reusable processing solution packaging system which comprises at least two rigid outer containers, each one of the at least two rigid outer containers having at least one internal container filled with processing solution therein, wherein an amount of solution in each of the internal containers is such that the solutions in the internal containers will be completely utilized during use in a processor.  
           [0018]    In a feature of the invention, the packaging system can be designed to contain the entire volume of photoprocessing solutions (no additional water supply needed) and collect the entire liquid waste generated. The method of the present invention eliminates any need for the photofinishing operator to dispose of any waste (packaging or photofinishing). In another feature of the present invention, the waste collection that is integral to the supply packaging system includes a methodology which reduces the concentration of leachable silver in the spent solution with respect to the silver TCLP (Toxicity Characteristics Leaching Procedure) test for non-hazardous waste based on U.S. Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) definitions, so that the customer realizes waste management advantages. Advantages with this classification include reduced record keeping and training, and increased financial incentives. This eliminates the need for the photofinisher to either have a separate treatment operation or to ship as hazardous waste. 
       
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS  
       [0019]    [0019]FIG. 1 illustrates an embodiment of a packaging system or a supply cartridge in accordance with the present invention;  
         [0020]    [0020]FIG. 1A illustrates an embodiment of a packaging system which includes a container with integral compartments  
         [0021]    [0021]FIG. 2 shows the packaging system or supply cartridge in fluid communication with a processor; and  
         [0022]    FIGS.  3 A- 3 D schematically illustrate a usage cycle in accordance with the system and the method of providing photoprocessing services of the present invention. 
     
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION  
       [0023]    Referring now to the drawings, wherein like reference numerals represent identical or corresponding parts throughout the several views, the present invention provides for a system or method of supplying photoprocessing services which involves supplying photoprocessing chemical solutions in a manner in which the packaging material that contains the solutions can be reused. As shown in FIG. 1, a packaging system, assembly or cartridge  7  includes an outer container  9  and at least one internal container or chamber ( 11   a - 11   d ). Outer container  9  is one that has some rigidity so it can be transported, while the at least one internal container, compartment or chamber  11   a - 11   d  contains the appropriate processing solution. Outer container  9  further acts as a secondary container in case one of the internal containers leaks. Internal containers  11   a - 11   d  can be rigid or flexible and may or may not be physically distinct from outer container  9 . More specifically, rather than being in the form of internal containers  11   a - 11   d  which are removable from outer container  9 , internal containers  11   a - 11   d  can be in the form of internal compartments or containers which are integral with outer container  9  as shown in FIG. 1A. More specifically as shown in FIG. 1A, rigid outer shell  9  of system  7  could be in the form of a molded shell having integral cavities or compartments  111   a ,  111   b ,  111   c ,  111   d  which contain the appropriate processing solution. Rigid outer shell  9  as shown further includes a sealing lid  900   a . Therefore, in the present invention, either a removable internal container, compartment, or chamber, or an integral internal container, compartment or chamber can be used.  
         [0024]    Referring back to FIG. 1, internal containers  11   a - 11   d  can further be flexible pouches or rigid containers that are separate but can be housed within outer container  9 . Although the example of FIG. 1 illustrates an outer container  9  having  4  internal containers, the number of internal containers, compartments or chambers utilized is based on design considerations and the processing cycle desired. Thus, outer container  9  may contain  1  or more internal containers  11   a - 11   d  (or  111   a - 111   d ) for one or more processing solutions. Packaging system  7  may be used to supply the entire system of photoprocessing solutions or selected solutions.  
         [0025]    In addition to photoprocessing solutions, outer container  9  can also house a further internal container that is designed to collect some or all of the waste or spent solution from the photoprocessing operations. Within the context of the present invention, the term waste or spent solution refers to processing or cleaning solution that has gone through a processing cycle and is no longer resident in the processor or processing equipment. This feature is illustrated in detail in FIG. 2 which also illustrates the fluid connection between packaging system  7  and a processor  5 . More specifically, as illustrated in FIG. 2, packaging system  7  includes an additional removable container  11   e  which is designed to receive waste or spent solution from processor  5 . For an integral arrangement, container  11   e  would be in the form of an internal compartment that is integral with outer container  9 . Further, container  11   e  may or may not contain materials that treat the waste appropriately for the purpose of recovering valuable materials such as silver or rendering the materials less hazardous.  
         [0026]    Referring to the system of FIG. 2, as well as FIGS. 1 and 1A, as an example, packaging system  7  can include valves  14   a ,  14   b ,  14   c  and  14   d  which can be either internal or external to rigid outer shell  9 , and can be quick release valves or release fittings for fluidly connecting packaging system  7  to processor  5  in a known manner. Valves  14   a - 14   d  are respectively associated with containers  11   a - 11   d  or compartments  111   a - 111   d.  A valve  14   e  for spent or waste solution is associated with container  11   e.    
         [0027]    As an example, container  11   a  can hold and/or supply developer to processor  5 ; container  11   b  can hold and/or supply fresh bleach solution to processor  5 ; container  11   c  can hold and/or supply fixer solution to processor  5 ; and container  11   d  can hold and/or supply a final rinse or cleaning solution to processor  5 . Processor  5  can be a known processor having individual processing tanks, areas or sections, such that a photosensitive media passes through the appropriate sections for processing in a known manner. The system as illustrated in FIG. 2 can further include a line  20  which extends from processor  5  to container  11   e . Therefore, during use, packaging system  7  supplies fresh photographic processing solution or chemistry (or can transfer a concentrated mixture depending on the type of processing cycle and the processor) to processor  5 . During use, fresh processing solutions or cleaning solutions are supplied from selected containers  11   a - 11   d  via valves  14   a - 14   d . After processing, spent processing solution or cleaning solution is circulated via for example, conduit or line  20  to valve  14   e  of container  11   e . In an embodiment of the invention, each of the internal containers can be filled with the appropriate amount of solution such that the solutions in the internal containers will be completely utilized during use in a processor.  
         [0028]    As indicated above, waste container  11   e  may or may not contain materials that treat the spent solution, for the purposes of recovering valuable materials such as silver or for rendering the materials less hazardous. Several methods of silver recovery may be employed within the waste container. These include materials used in the metallic exchange, wherein such metals as iron, zinc or aluminum, in the form of powders or chopped metal fibers may be introduced into the waste containers. Ion exchange material and/or resin or TMT (Trisodium salt of 2,3,6-Trimercapto-S-Triazine) are other kinds of materials that can be placed within the waste container for the purposes of converting the silver from the soluble form to the insoluble form. In an embodiment where container  11   e  includes a silver removal device, the silver removal device can be in the form of, for example, a device that utilizes one of several known silver recovery techniques, such as but not limited to, metallic replacement technologies, iron exchange resin or TMT. The use of a silver removal chamber integrated with a chemical supply cartridge system or packaging system is described in detail in copending application (attorney docket no. 82053). A chemical supply cartridge or packaging system as described in the above noted co-pending application permits the use of a cartridge having an integrated chemical supply system and spent solution removal system. In such an arrangement, after the spent solution is collected in the spent solution container, it can be treated to reduce the amount of silver within the spent solution, and accordingly provide for a spent processing solution or used cleaning solution that is less hazardous and can be disposed of in a non-regulated or less regulated manner based on existing U.S. Federal Standards.  
         [0029]    The selection of the type of material used to make the internal and outer containers ( 11   a - 11   e ;  9 ) has several criteria. Outer container  9  has to be made durable to withstand the stresses of transport, and also has to be able to be used more than once. Outer container  9  should also be able to contain all the solutions within internal containers  11   a - 11   d , should the internal containers develop leaks (i.e., the outer container should not dissolve or disintegrate upon contact with the solutions). Internal containers  11   a - 11   d  and  11   e  need to be made compatible with the respective solutions they hold. In case internal containers  11   a - 11   d  and  11   e  are to be used more than once, their shape has to be such that they can be cleaned and dried easily. Depending on the solution they carry, they may have some functional specifications. For example, in certain color developer solutions, the internal container material should have a low permeability to oxygen. Even if the internal container is integral to the outer container, they do not have to be made of the same material or have the same physical properties such as strength.  
         [0030]    With respect to the system and method of providing photofinishing services of the present invention, reference is made to FIGS.  3 A- 3 D. In the method of the present invention, a designated supplier entity, such as for example, a total service provider or an association of service providers would supply a packaging system to a customer, collect the spent packaging system, and refurbish the spent packaging system for reuse. As shown in FIG. 3A, the designated supplier entity would perform the service of first, fabricating outer and internal containers to form the packaging system. More specifically, as shown in FIG. 3A, the method of providing photoprocessing service can first include the fabrication of outer container  9  and internal containers  11   a - 11   d  in the manner shown in the figures. That is, prior to first use, internal containers  11   a - 11   d  are filled with the appropriate processing solution and assembled within outer container  9 . It is noted that within the context of the present invention, the invention is not limited to the use of a single outer container  9 . For example, the present invention can be practiced by utilizing a multiple container arrangement and more particularly a tandem packaging system  100  which includes packaging system  7  and a further packaging system  7 ′. In the example of FIGS.  3 A- 3 D, tandem packaging system  100  includes outer container  9  and a further outer container  9 ′, which includes additional internal containers  11   a ′,  11   b ′,  11   c ′ and  11   d ′. Outer containers  9  and  9 ′ are appropriately connected to each other via, for example, a physical connection  75  such as a rod or brace to form a tandem packaging system  100 .  
         [0031]    The method of the present invention involves a step (1) filling internal containers  11   a - 11   d  and optionally internal containers  11   a ′- 11   d ′ for the tandem arrangement with the appropriate processing solution, and inserting internal containers  11   a - 11   d  and optionally internal containers  11   a ′- 11   d ′ within their respective outer containers  9  and  9 ′ (FIG. 3A); step (2) delivering packaging system  7  or  7 ′ or tandem packaging system  100  containing the solutions to a photoprocessing site and subsequently retrieving the spent system (FIGS.  3 B,  3 C); step (3) optionally emptying the spent solution collected by the system to either (i) separate the empty containers  11   a - 11   d  and  11   a ′- 11   d ′ from outer containers  9 ,  9 ′, (ii) dispose of internal containers  11   a - 11   d ,  11   a ′- 11   d ′ and reuse outer container  9 , or (iii) refurbish internal containers  11   a - 11   d ,  11   a ′- 11   d ′ for subsequent reuse; step (4) subsequent refilling of refurbished internal containers  11   a - 11   d ,  11   a ′- 11   d ′ or new internal containers with photoprocessing solution and, optionally, any materials that are required to render photoprocessing waste less hazardous, and assembling (if necessary) internal containers  11   a - 11   d ,  11   a ′- 11   d ′ and the appropriate refurbished outer container  9 ,  9 ′ (FIG. 3 c ); and step (5) disposal of the packaging system(s) when they are no longer functional due to physical damage, wear, leaks, etc. (FIG. 3D). The sequence of steps 2, 3 and 4 can be carried out until the packaging system(s) are no longer functional, in which case step 5 and step 1 are activated to dispose of the non-functional system and create a replacement system.  
         [0032]    Therefore, the general steps of the usage cycle as indicated in FIGS.  3 A- 3 D can be defined as follows, a birth or creation step (FIG. 3A) in which filled internal containers  11   a - 11   d ,  11   a ′- 11   d ′ are inserted in outer container  9 ,  9 ′, and optionally a waste container  11   e ,  11   e ′ is inserted into outer container  9 ,  9 ′; a use step in which the packaging system is delivered to a photoprocessing site, the packaging system is fluidly connected to a processor at the processing site, and processing solution is supplied to the processor and optionally, spent solution from the processor is collected in container  11   e ,  11   e ′ (FIG. 3B); and a regeneration step in which the spent system is removed from the processing site and optionally the empty internal containers are refurbished and the spent solution container(s) are removed (arrow  200 , FIG. 3C) in a manner in which the internal containers can be refurbished for reuse. The refilled internal containers can then be reinserted back into the outer containers (arrow  201 , FIG. 3C). As a further option, the internal containers are discarded and the outer container is refurbished for reuse with newly filled internal containers.  
         [0033]    The method of refurbishing the outer containers and the internal containers depends on the requirements of the customer and the solution that the internal containers have. For the outer containers, refurbishing may simply be to remove the spent internal containers so that the newly filled internal containers may replaced. Other aspects of refurbishing can include updating the label. Cleaning of the outer containers may be needed if a leak of the internal containers has occurred during the cycle. For internal containers, refurbishing is required only if they are reused. In such an instance, cleaning may or may not be required, depending on the solution that is contained in the respective internal container. Solutions that are critical to the image processing or susceptible to chemical degradation or biodegradation, would necessitate that the internal containers be cleaned. In other instances, the emptied internal containers may simply be refilled and refurbishing in this instance may be simply updating the labels. The processes involved in refurbishing will also depend on regulatory issues. For instance, if the waste container has silver bearing waste, cleaning of the internal container may be dictated by the local regulations, if the presence of silver will deem it a hazardous material.  
         [0034]    After several reuse cycles, physical damage or wear may render the chemical management cartridge to fall below the fitness for reuse specifications and will require that the containers be discarded in some fashion (FIG. 3D). The above FIGS.  3 A- 3 D are generally defined as a usage cycle or use cycle for the packaging system or tandem packaging system in accordance with the present invention. In a preferred feature of system and method of the present invention, the designated supplier entity or association of suppliers would be responsible for all the steps indicated above or at least a majority of the steps described with reference to FIGS.  3 A- 3 D. In this arrangement, the photofinishing site and the user/customer does not have to be concerned with treating chemicals, adding chemicals, delivering chemicals, treating wastes and disposing of waste.  
         [0035]    Outer container  9 ,  9 ′ is preferably made from a durable, rigid material that can withstand the stresses of transportation and use at a photoprocessor site for several usage cycles. It should also have sufficient strength to hold the weight of the solution it contains. Each outer container  9 ,  9 ′ must hold at least one internal container  11   a - 11   d ,  11   a ′- 11   d ′ for a processing solution or a waste solution. The total number of internal containers  11   a - 11   d ,  11   a ′- 11   d ′ per outer container  9 ,  9 ′ is determined by the final weight of outer container  9 ,  9 ′ which contains the filled internal containers. If container  9 ,  9 ′ is to be handled manually, the weight of packaging system  7 ,  7 ′ or tandem packaging system  100  should preferably not exceed 50 lbs. If the system is to support a high volume processing operation, each outer container  9 ,  9 ′ may only contain one internal container  11   a - 11   d ,  11   a ′- 11   d ′. However, if the photoprocessing operation volume is small, all the required processing solutions, such as but not limited to developer, stop, bleach, fix, rinse for color negative processes, reversal processes, paper processes or black and white processes may be contained in a single container. When not all of the desired solutions can be contained in a single outer container  9 , one can use an arrangement such as packaging system  100  which is essentially a series of several outer containers as illustrated in FIGS.  3 A- 3 D. Each outer container  9 ,  9 ′ contains one solution or more than one solution. In photoprocessing operations which are substantially large, certain solutions with high volumes, like the rinse solution, may not be contained in a single outer container. In such an operation the high volume solutions may be divided up into more than one outer container and the solution may be retrieved sequentially or simultaneously from the multiple containers.  
         [0036]    In a design or arrangement where a series of different solutions are linked together to support a photoprocessing operation, the ratio of the volumes of the different photoprocessing solutions in container  9  or the series of containers  9 ,  9 ′ (tandem packaging system  100 ) should be similar to or close to the respective ratios of utilization in the photoprocessing operation. This will permit all the containers  11   a - 11   d  and optionally container  11   a ′- 11   d ′ to empty at the same time, thereby minimizing the waste of unused solutions. As previously described, and using container  9  as an example, internal containers  11   a - 11   d  can be an integral part of outer container  9 . For example, internal containers  11   a - 11   d  may be in the form of compartments molded within rigid outer container  9  with appropriate closures. As also previously described, in a further embodiment, containers  11   a - 11   d  may be separate from outer container  9 . In this latter embodiment, outer container  9  as well as internal containers  11   a - 11   d  would have provisions to mount or load the internal containers. Also in this embodiment, the internal containers can be rigid or may be flexible in a form of a pouch or bag. The material of construction of the internal containers is such that it is compatible with solutions filling the internal container.  
         [0037]    Spent solution container  11   e ,  11   e ′ can be essentially similar to the other internal containers  11   a - 11   d ,  11   a ′- 11   d ′ except that they reach the photoprocessor empty and leave full. Spent solution container  11   e ,  11   e ′ may also be filled partially with materials to treat photoprocessing spent solution as previously described. For example, it can contain a silver recovery agent to convert the silver from soluble to insoluble, as disclosed in copending application docket no. 82053. The assembled container (packaging system  7  or tandem packaging system  100 ) will also have all the necessary valves and/or quick release connections for connection to the processor as shown in FIG. 2.  
         [0038]    Therefore, during use, photoprocessing solutions are dispensed from internal containers  11   a - 11   d  and/or  11   a ′- 11   d ′ to the photoprocessing machine as previously described and shown in FIG. 2. In one embodiment, internal containers  11   a - 11   d  and/or  11   a ′- 11   d ′ contain replenishment chemicals which are dispensed as needed (continuously or at discrete intervals). In further photoprocessing methods, solutions can be used and discharged for every unit of imaging element processed. In this further method, discrete volumes of photoprocessing solutions are dispensed upon demand. By selecting the ratio of the volumes of the solutions in internal containers  11   a - 11   d  and/or  11   a ′- 11   d ′ to be equal to or close to the ratio of the dispensing volumes of the same solution, internal containers  11   a - 11   d  and/or  11   a ′- 11   d ′ will become empty together. In this manner, outer container  9 ,  9 ′ or packaging system  100  can be replaced with one that has all of the internal containers full with processing solutions. In the embodiment where the waste or spent solution is collected in container le and/or  11   e ′, the volume of container  11   e  and/or  11   e ′ should equal the volume of waste or spent solution generated, which may or may not be equal to the total volume of the solutions dispensed. It is also possible that containers  11   e  and/or  11   e ′ will contain only the partial waste, for example, it may collect only silver bearing waste after a fixing step.  
         [0039]    In the method of the present invention, after use, spent outer container  9 ,  9 ′ or tandem packaging system  100  can be regenerated at the point of use or transported from the point of use (photoprocessing site) to a regeneration or refurbishing site. During regeneration the empty internal containers  11   a - 11   d ,  11   a ′- 11   d ′ can be either refurbished for reuse or separated from outer containers  9 ,  9 ′ to be discarded. If they are to be discarded, they could optionally be cleaned to remove any residual processing solution, in order to comply with local regulations. In the embodiment where spent solution is collected in container  11   e  and/or  11   e ′, container  11   e  and/or  11   e ′ is emptied and refurbished for reuse or discarded. The spent solution can be appropriately treated and disposed at the regeneration site or transported to a specialized waste treatment facility. For the purpose of this invention, waste or spent solution treatment refers to any operation that can extract economic value from the waste (such as silver recovery), or to render the waste less hazardous to comply with local regulations.  
         [0040]    In order to make the system ready for reuse, processing solutions are filled into the internal containers. In the case where internal containers  11   a - 11   d  and/or  11   a ′- 11   d ′ are integral with outer container  9  and/or  9 ′, the operation is simply to fill the solutions into their respective internal compartments. In the embodiment where internal containers  11   a - 11   d  and/or  11   a ′- 11   d ′ are separable from outer container  9 ,  9 ′, the processing solutions can be filled into the internal containers which are then assembled with the outer containers, or an assembly of empty internal containers into outer containers can be done prior to the internal containers being filled. In this embodiment, the internal containers have either been refurbished for refilling if they are being reused, or are new if the previous internal containers were single-use containers. During the assembly step, all necessary plumbing and fluid connections are also put in place to permit the supply of the solution to the photoprocessing machine.  
         [0041]    In another embodiment of the invention, it might be preferable to keep certain critical solutions, such as developer, within a single-use internal container, while other solutions such as the rinse solution container can be contained in a reusable internal container. Such a solution arrangement could provide better process control over the more critical steps in photoprocessing, yet still maintain the advantages set forth in this invention.  
         [0042]    Depending on the economic value, the regeneration or refurbishing and the assembly of the filled internal containers and outer containers can be performed by a designated supplier entity at several sites called distributors. Whereas, accurate and capital intensive operation of filling the internal containers can be accomplished by a designated supplier entity at a centralized site which can ship the filled containers to the distributors. A modification of this embodiment is to have critical solutions (from toxicity, hazard and cost standpoints) accomplished at a central location, whereas the remaining internal containers are filled at the distributor sites.  
         [0043]    After a certain number of usage cycles, the components (i.e. containers of the packaging system that are reused) can get damaged or worn to make the system otherwise unfit for use. As indicated above, based on fitness for use specifications, the individual containers or the entire system can be discarded and replaced with a new one as previously described. Any containers of the packaging system that come into contact with processing solutions can be suitably cleaned or treated prior to disposal.  
         [0044]    Therefore, the present invention provides for a method of providing photoprocessing services in which a packaging system in the form of an outer container containing individual internal containers or compartments having processing solutions therein can be used and reused. After all the solutions are emptied, the waste or spent solutions can be disposed of appropriately and the containers refurbished and/or cleaned. Fresh solutions can then be filled into the refurbished and/or cleaned internal containers, the filled internal containers can be placed in the refurbished and/or cleaned outer container, and the entire packaging system can be delivered to or transported back to same photoprocessing site or a further photoprocessing site for reuse. These services are preferably performed by a designated supplier entity.  
         [0045]    The invention has been described in detail with particular reference to certain preferred embodiments thereof, but it will be understood that variations and modifications can be effected within the spirit and scope of the invention.