Abstract:
An ink jet recording head, in which ink supplied from an ink supply source is discharged from an orifice, comprises a unit responsive to an electrical signal to discharge the ink from the orifice, ad a unit for adjusting the temperature of the ink discharged from the orifice.

Description:
This application is a continuation of application Ser. No. 501,565 filed June 6, 1983, now abandoned. 
    
    
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     1. Field of the Invention 
     This invention relates to an ink jet recording head and ink jet printer in which ink supplied from an ink supply source is discharged in response to a recording signal to thereby effect recording. 
     2. Description of the Prior Art 
     Ink jet printers are classified into the type which uses an electro-mechanical converting element such as a piezo element to discharge ink and the type which uses an electro-thermal converting element to discharge ink. The ink used in such ink jet printers has its quality varied with changes in the atmospheric temperature, for example. That is, as shown in FIG. 1 of the accompanying drawings, when the temperature is low, the viscosity and surface tension of the liquid are substantially increased and therefore, the diameter of liquid drops formed becomes small and in some cases, satellites and splashes are caused and, even further, ink injection may become impossible altogether. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     It is an object of the present invention to provide an ink jet recording head which ensure that good recording is accomplished. 
     It is another object of the present invention to eliminate the adverse effect of changes in the atmospheric temperature on the quality of recording. 
     It is still another object of the present invention to provide a thermal type ink jet recording head which ensures a good quality of recording. 
     It is yet still another object of the present invention to provide at a low cost a thermal type ink jet recording head which ensures a good quality of recording. 
     It is a further object of the present invention to facilitate the manufacture. 
     It is still a further object of the present invention to provide an ink jet recording head which is capable of more reliably adjusting the temperature of the ink discharged from an orifice. 
     It is another object of the present invention to provide an ink jet printer which ensures good recording to be accomplished. 
     It is still another object of the present invention to provide a thermal type ink jet printer which ensures a good quality of recording. 
     The invention will become fully apparent from the following detailed description thereof taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     FIG. 1 is a graph showing the characteristic of the viscosity of the ink used in a recording head in relation to temperature. 
     FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the appearance of a recording head according to the present invention. 
     FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram showing the construction of a temperature detecting circuit used in the recording head of FIG. 2. 
     FIG. 4 is a graph showing the characteristic of a temperature sensor. 
     FIG. 5 illustrates a thermal type ink jet printer using the recording head of FIG. 2. 
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT 
     Referring to FIG. 2 which shows the construction of an ink jet recording head according to an embodiment of the present invention, the ink jet recording head 20 is formed by adhesively securing a base plate 21 and a lid member 22 to each other. A rectangular hole of relatively large volume is formed in the joined surface of the lid member 22 and the base plate 21, and an ink reservoir 23 is formed. Ink is supplied from an ink container (not shown) which is an ink supply source to the ink reservoir 23 through a supply passage 24 formed in the lid member 22. A groove of much smaller volume than the ink reservoir 23 and having one end connected to the ink reservoir 23 and the other end open to the atmosphere is also formed in the joined surface of the lid member 22 and the base plate 21, and after assembly, it forms an ink discharge flow path 25 and an ink discharge orifice 26. The ink thus supplied from the ink container passes through the ink reservoir 23 and the ink discharge flow path 25 which are ink flow paths and is discharged as drops from the orifice 26. 
     A heating resistor 27 for heating the ink in the reservoir 23 and a temperature sensor 28 which is a temperature detecting element are provided at a position on the base plate 21 which corresponds to the reservoir 23. Further, a heating resistor 29 for ink discharge, which is adapted to heat in response to a recording signal, is provided at a position on the base plate 21 which corresponds to the ink discharge flow path 25. The heating resistors 27 and 29 are formed at one time by etching or sputtering a resistance layer formed on the insulative base plate 21. If the temperature sensor 28 is a thermistor, it may also be easily formed by etching, as with the heating resistors. 
     FIG. 3 shows an example of a control circuit for controlling the current flowing to a heater in case a thermistor is used as the temperature sensor in FIG. 2. In FIG. 3, reference numeral 31 designates a thermistor (which corresponds to the temperature sensor 28 of FIG. 2). One end of this thermistor is connected to a power source terminal and the other end thereof is connected to a resistor 32c. The junction between the thermistor 31 and the resistor 32c is connected to the minus input of a comparator 33. A divided reference voltage formed by resistors 32a and 32b is applied to the plus input of the comparator 33. The output of the comparator 33 is applied to the base of a transistor 34. A heater 35 corresponding to the heating resistor 27 of FIG. 2 is connected between the emitter and earth of the transistor 34. The thermistor, as shown in FIG. 4, has a characteristic that its resistance value becomes smaller as the temperature becomes higher. 
     In such a construction, when the temperature is so low that the ink must be heated, the resistance of the thermistor 31 increases at a temperature lower than that temperature and the potential on the minus input side of the comparator 33 becomes lower than the potential on the plus input side of the comparator 33, whereby the output of the comparator 33 always assumes a high level at a temperature lower than that temperature and thus, the transistor 34 is turned on, whereby a current flows to the heater 35 to heat the ink in the ink reservoir 23. The ink thus heated is further supplied from the ink reservoir 23 to the ink discharge flow path 25, where the ink is heated by the heating resistor 29 and is injected as drops from the orifice 26. 
     If the temperature at which the transistor 34 is turned off is set to a level higher than room temperature, the viscosity of the ink can be kept constant even for a rise of the room temperature. The volume of the ink reservoir 23 should preferably be set to such a degree that the temperature of the ink in the reservoir can restore a predetermined value in a short time by the heating of the heating resistor 27. 
     The volume of the ink discharge flow path 25 is very small and after all, the ink always at a predetermined temperature stored in the ink reservoir 23 is discharged from the orifice 26. 
     FIG. 5 shows an ink jet printer using the recording head of FIG. 2. The recording head 20 is supported on a carriage 37 reciprocable perpendicularly to the plane of the drawing sheet while being guided by two guide rails 36. Recording paper 39 is wound round a plate 38 provided parallel to the guide rails 36, and the ink discharged from the recording head 20 is transferred onto the recording paper 39. Designated by 40 is an ink container consisting of a flexible flat bag. The ink outlet portion of the ink container 40 is fixed to a fixed portion 41 and connected to the recording head 20 by a flexible tube 42. The supply of ink from the ink container 40 to the recording head 20 is accomplished chiefly by a pump pressure created in the tube 42 by reciprocal movement of the carriage 37. 
     In the above-described embodiment, only one ink discharge flow path or nozzle is provided, but again in the case of a multi-nozzle construction wherein a plurality of nozzles are provided, a heating resistor may be provided in the ink reservoir which supplies ink to each nozzle, and the ink heated thereby can be supplied to the respective nozzles. 
     The temperature detecting means is not limited to the thermistor, but means such as bimetal may also be used to obtain a similar effect, and in some cases, it may be disposed not always in the ink reservoir but in the vicinity thereof. Also, the heating resistor 27 can be formed on the base plate 21 like the heating resistor 29 for ink discharge, and this leads to an advantage that the cost is lower than in a case where a discrete heater is provided outside. In the above-described embodiment, adjustment of the ink temperature is accomplished by the heating resistor, but alternatively, the ink temperature may be adjusted by the use of a cooler. 
     Further, the ink jet printer is not limited to a serial type having a carriage but may also be a so-called full multi-type one having nozzles over the full width of the recording paper. And &#34;ink&#34; as used herein, refers to any liquid directed to recording. Further, the means for discharging the ink is not limited to an electro-thermal converting element but may also be an electro-mechanical converting element such as a piezo element. 
     According to the present invention described above, the ink temperature is adjusted to a predetermined temperature suitable for ink injection, and this leads to an excellent result that reliability in drop formation of the recording head is remarkably improved to ensure stable ink injection to be accomplished.