Abstract:
A robot hand adaptable to a robot arm for rigidly connecting a work tool to a robot arm while the work tool is positioned, but appropriately aligning and substantially isolating the work tool from the robot arm during the work tool&#39;s manufacturing operation.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     This invention relates to an industrial robot hand, and more particularly, to a robot hand useful for transporting a work tool to its appropriate position, aligning the work tool during operation and isolating a robot arm from the work tool during operation. 
     A major difficulty in using robots for manufacturing operations is that during the manufacturing process the work tool tends to change alignment depending on the tool operation and the work piece being operated on. The reaction forces created by this alignment change can be many times the force capacity of the robot arm. This reaction force can be sufficient to overdrive the robot control systems resulting in a robot failure if the work tool is rigidly connected to the robot arm. Additionally, significant forces resulting from the work tool operation, such as the reaction forces a riveting gun creates during the riveting operation, may also be sufficient to cause robot failure. 
     Accordingly, it is the primary aim of this invention to provide a means for rigidly connecting a work tool to the robot arm while the tool is being positioned, then allowing the work tool to appropriately align itself during the manufacturing operation without reacting the alignment forces through the robot arm. 
     Another object of this invention is to provide a means for isolating the work tool from the robot arm during the manufacturing operation, thereby preventing the feedback of additional forces generated during the manufacturing operation. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     The present invention, in its preferred embodiment, is a robot hand comprising two major assemblies, an inner assembly and an outer assembly. The inner assembly is attached to the robot arm and includes a stalk with conical flanges axially located on the stalk. The outer assembly includes tapered seats which are capable of engaging the conical flanges of the stalk, and attachment plates for connecting a rivet gun. A set of springs disposed between the inner and outer assemblies urges the outer assembly away from the inner assembly such that the tapered seats of the outer assembly contact the conical flanges of the inner assembly, thereby providing a rigid connection between the robot arm and the rivet gun. 
     In operation, the robot arm manipulates the rivet gun to an appropriate location relative to a rivet in a work piece such as a vehicle frame. The robot arm continues to move down along the axis of the rivet thereby compressing the springs causing the conical flanges of the inner assembly to disengage the tapered seats of the outer assembly. The rivet gun, at this point, is supported between the robot arm through the springs and the rivet head. The springs allow the head to come into alignment with the rivet. Additional travel in the springs isolates the robot arm from the rivet gun during the riveting operation. 
     Upon completion of the riveting operation the robot arm manipulates the rivet gun away from the rivet causing the springs to extend. This movement urges the conical flanges of the inner assembly onto the tapered seats to positively position the outer assembly circumferentially with respect to the inner assembly and re-establishes a rigid connection between the robot arm and the rivet gun. 
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     The various advantages and other features of this invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the following specifications and by reference to the drawings in which: 
     FIG. 1 is an elevation view of the robot system with the robot hand and rivet gun incorporated; 
     FIG. 2 is a side view of the robot hand and rivet gun in the rigidly connected position; and 
     FIG. 3 is an end view of the robot hand and rivet gun in the isolated position. 
    
    
     DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT 
     With reference to FIG. 1, a robot 60 includes a robot hand 64 located on the end of a robot arm 62. Rivet gun 66 is mounted on robot hand 64 to enable robot 60 to manipulate rivet gun 66 relative to work piece 68. 
     With reference now to FIG. 2, an enlarged detail of robot hand 64 shows inner assembly 10 attached to robot arm 62 and outer assembly 30 attached to rivet gun 66. Four upper spring seats 14 are equally spaced on robot arm mounting plate 12. Stalk 20 including upper conical flange 22 and lower conical flange 24 located axially on the stalk is centrally attached to robot arm mounting plate 12. 
     Outer assembly 30 includes upper tapered seat 40 and lower tapered seat 42 positioned in outer tube 32 such that stalk 20 of inner assembly 10 is substantially enclosed and encircled by upper tapered seat 40 and lower tapered seat 42. Work tool attaching plate 34 connects outer tube 32 with rivet gun 66. Four lower spring seats 36 are spaced identical to upper spring seats 14 and are threadedly attached to outer assembly 30 by threaded spring tensioners 38. 
     Outer assembly 30 is free to reciprocate along and tilt relative to the axis of stalk 20. Movement of outer assembly 30 away from inner assembly 10 is restricted when conical flanges 22 and 24 engage tapered seats 40 and 42, thereby circumferentially positioning outer assembly 30 relative to inner assembly 10. Coiled springs 50 are disposed between upper spring seat 14 and lower spring seat 36 to generate a repelling force between inner assembly 10 and outer assembly 30, thereby urging tapered seats 40 and 42 onto conical flanges 22 and 24 to temporarily provide a rigid connection between inner assembly 10 and outer assembly 20. Spring tensioners 38 threadedly position lower spring seats 36, thereby adjusting the preload in coil springs 50. 
     With reference now to FIG. 3, robot arm 62 manipulates robot hand 64 appropriately to work piece 68. Outer assembly 30 tilts to align rivet gun 66 perpendicularly with work piece 68. Robot arm 62 positions rivet gun 66 to compress coiled springs 50 causing conical flanges 22 and 24 to unseat from tapered seats 40 and 42. This allows outer assembly 30 to align perpendicularly with work piece 68 and coiled springs 50 to isolate rivet gun 66 from robot arm 62. Rivet gun 66 is now appropriately aligned and substantially isolated from the robot arm 62 to perform its manufacturing operation. 
     Upon completion of the manufacturing operation, robot arm 62 begins to manipulate rivet gun 66 for the next manufacturing operation, thereby releasing coiled springs 50. Outer assembly 30 is urged away from inner assembly 10 by coiled springs 50. Conical flanges 22 and 24 engage tapered seats 40 and 42 to positively position outer assembly 30 circumferentially with respect to inner assembly 10. A rigid connection is reestablished between robot arm 62 and rivet gun 66 when outer assembly 30 is fully seated on stalk 20. Robot 60 can now manipulate rivet gun 66 for the next manufacturing operation. 
     While the above detailed description describes the preferred embodiment of the present invention as a robot hand capable of appropriately aligning and substantially isolating a work tool from a robot arm, it is understood that the present invention is susceptible to modification, variation, and alteration without deviating from the scope and fair meaning of the subjoined claims.