Abstract:
A linear motion mechanism comprises a supersonic motor having a rotor which is rotationally driven by vibration of a vibrating body having a piezoelectric element. A transmission mechanism is disposed on the rotor for rotation therewith. A moving body undergoes linear movement in a direction crosswise to a longitudinal axis of a rotational shaft of the rotor in accordance with rotation of the transmission mechanism. A pressurizing mechanism presses the moving body into pressure contact with the transmission mechanism.

Description:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     1. Field of the Invention 
     The present invention relates to electronic equipment using a supersonic motor and a supersonic motor for frictionally driving a moving body by a vibrating body having a piezoelectric element, and more particularly to a micro-mechanism for linearly moving a moving body by using a rotary type supersonic motor. 
     2. Description of the Prior Art 
     Recently, a field for which the linear movement is required has been expanded in various electronic equipment, optical equipment, medical equipment or the like. In general, in such a case, for instance, an electromagnetic type motor and a feed screw are used in combination, a voice coil motor or a movable coil motor is used, or an actuator using piezoelectric element is used. 
     However, in the case where the electromagnetic motor and the feed screw are used in combination, the mechanism becomes complicated and large in size and at the same time it is impossible to control a fine feed amount due to a backlash in the feed mechanism. Also, in the case where the voice motor or the movable coil motor is used, it is very difficult to perform the fine positioning operation, and also in some cases the rigidity is low and the position is displaced due to the outside vibration. In particular, in many cases, the voice coil motor or the movable coil motor is used in combination with a leaf spring or the like, and in those cases, the rigidity is further degraded. Then, the actuator using the electromagnetic force is affected by adverse effect of the electromagnetic noise. Also, at the same time, since the electromagnetic noise is generated, adverse affect is applied to a recording medium such as a magnetic disc and there is a possibility that adverse affect would be applied to wave used in communication. 
     In the case where the actuator using the piezoelectric element is used, although it is possible to perform a fine control, the shift is fine but a rough movement is impossible. If the enlargement mechanism is provided, the mechanism becomes complicated and large in size. 
     Then, in the case of the above-described motor or actuator, the electric power is consumed even if the mechanism is stopped at a particular position. 
     Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a downsized linear motion mechanism that may perform a fine movement and a rough movement by using a rotary type supersonic motor. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     According to the present invention, it is possible to realize a linear or swing motion mechanism with a supersonic motor for linearly moving or swinging and moving a moving body by a rotary type supersonic motor and an output transmission means such as a cam or a pinion rotating in cooperation with a rotor of the supersonic motor. 
     According to the present invention, a linear motion mechanism with a supersonic motor or a swing motion mechanism with a supersonic motor can be realized by comprising a supersonic motor for driving a rotor by vibration of a vibrating body having a piezoelectric element, a pinion cooperating with the movement of the rotor, a moving body having a rack operating in a constant direction in response to a rotation of the pinion, and a pressurizing mechanism provided in the moving body for imparting a contact pressure to the pinion and the rack of the moving body. 
     Next, the linear motion mechanism with a supersonic motor according to the present invention is characterized by the cam or the pinion and the rotor being provided integrally with each other. Thus, a greater drive force is obtained from the supersonic motor, and it is possible to realize the linear motion mechanism with the supersonic motor in small size and thin shape. 
     Further, in the above linear motion mechanism with a supersonic motor according to the present invention, an outer diameter of the cam or the pinion is smaller than an outer diameter of an output pickup portion of the vibrating body. Thus, the moving body may obtain a larger drive force. 
     According to the present invention, a swing motion mechanism with a supersonic motor can be realized by comprising a supersonic motor for driving a rotor by vibration of a vibrating body having a piezoelectric element, a cam cooperating with the movement of the rotor, a moving body operating in a swing motion in response to a rotation of the cam, and a pressurizing mechanism provided in a part of the moving body for imparting a contact pressure to the cam and the moving body. 
     A linear motion mechanism with a supersonic motor according to the present invention is characterized by comprising a supersonic motor for driving a rotor by vibration of a vibrating body having a piezoelectric element, a cam or a pinion cooperating with the movement of the rotor, a moving body operating in a constant direction in response to a rotation of the cam or the pinion, and a pressurizing mechanism provided on an extension line of a guide portion that guides the movement of the moving body, for imparting a contact pressure to the cam or the pinion and to the moving body. Thus, since the guide of the moving member and the pressurization on the moving member occur coaxially, the movement of the moving member does not slant but is smooth, thereby making the invention strong against the external turbulence such as vibration. 
     A linear motion mechanism with a supersonic motor according to the present invention is characterized by comprising a supersonic motor for driving a rotor by vibration of a vibrating body having a piezoelectric element, a cam cooperating with the movement of the rotor, a moving body operating in a constant direction in response to a rotation of the cam, a point of application of force by the cam on a straight line connecting two guide portions guiding the movement of the moving body or two support portions supporting the moving body, and a point of application of force by a pressurizing mechanism for imparting a contact pressure to the cam and the moving body, the point being present on the above straight line. Thus, the point of application of force by the cam and a point of application of force by the pressurizing mechanism are provided on the same straight line, and therefore the movement of the moving member does not slant but is smooth, thereby making the invention strong against the external turbulence such as vibration. 
     A linear motion mechanism with a supersonic motor according to the present invention is comprised by a supersonic motor for driving a rotor by vibration of a vibrating body having a piezoelectric element, a cam cooperating with the movement of the rotor, a moving body operating in a constant direction in response to a rotation of the cam, and a point of application of force by the cam in the gravitational center of the moving body. Thus, since the point of application of force by the cam acts concentrically on the gravitational center of the moving body, the movement of the moving member does not slant but is smooth, thereby making the invention strong against the external turbulence such as vibration. 
     The linear motion mechanism with a supersonic motor according to the present invention is characterized in that a guide member for guiding the movement of the moving body is provided in a part of a rotor pressurizing member for imparting a contact pressure to the rotor and the moving body. Thus, it is possible to realize the linear motion mechanism in small size and thin shape 
     The linear motion mechanism with a supersonic motor or the swing motion mechanism with a supersonic motor according to the present invention is characterized in that when the supersonic motor is to be started, the rotor is rotated in advance in a direction so that the pressurizing force of the pressurizing mechanism gives a rotational force to the rotor, or a stationary wave is generated by the vibrating body so that a predetermined operation is performed by the rotor after the rotor has previously been rotated by the pressurizing force of the pressurizing mechanism. Thus, the linear motion mechanism with a supersonic motor, or the swing motion mechanism with a supersonic motor, of supreme reliability can be realized by avoiding the start failure due to the stick and the partial abrasion between the rotor and the vibrating body which occur in the case where the motor is left for a long period of time. 
     According to the present invention, the linear motion mechanism with a supersonic motor can be realized by comprising a fixing and supporting member, a stator for generating elastic vibration in a vibrating body having a piezoelectric element, a rotor translated into the rotational motion through a frictional force by the elastic vibration of the stator, a first pressurizing mechanism for imparting a suitable pressurizing force to the stator and the rotor, a rotation-linear motion converting mechanism for converting the rotational motion of the rotor into the linear motion, and a moving body portion linearly moved in accordance with the rotational motion of the rotor. 
     The linear motion mechanism with a supersonic motor according to the present invention can be realized by the rotation-linear motion converting mechanism comprising a guide member fixed to the fixing and supporting member, a rotating body portion rotated together with the rotor and having a slant portion different in thickness in a circumferential direction of the rotor, a linearly, moving body portion having a projecting portion at least a part of which is brought into contact with the slant portion of the rotating body portion, the linearly moving body portion being linearly moved in the thickness direction of the rotor with the guide member as a guide in accordance with the rotational motion of the rotor, and a second pressurizing mechanism disposed such that the moving body and the linearly moving body portion come into pressing contact with the rotating body portion at a suitable pressure. 
     The linear motion mechanism with a supersonic motor according to the present invention is characterized in that a pressurizing force in the second pressurizing mechanism is smaller than the pressurizing force in the first pressuring mechanism. Thus, the drive force of the supersonic motor is not affected by any adverse effect due to the external turbulence such as a load of the moving member, and therefore it is possible to realize the linear motion mechanism with the supersonic motor that is stable even in small size and thin shape and can obtain the drive force. 
     The linear motion mechanism with a supersonic motor according to the present invention is characterized in that the first pressurizing mechanism for applying a suitable pressurizing force to the stator and the rotor and the second pressurizing mechanism disposed such that the linearly moving body portion comes into pressing contact with the rotating body portion at a suitable pressure are used in common. Thus, it is possible to realize the linear motion mechanism with the supersonic motor in even smaller size and thinner shape. 
     The linear motion mechanism with a supersonic motor according to the present invention is characterized in that the rotating body portion has a projecting portion that enables the rotating body portion to come into contact with the linearly moving body portion at three points. Thus, the point of application of force of the linearly moving body portion that operates together with the moving body portion acts stably and uniformly on the rotating body portion. Therefore the portion operates smoothly, making the invention strong against the external turbulence such as vibration. 
     According to the present invention, the above linear motion mechanism with a supersonic motor is used in electronic equipment, which is characterized in that a load member is driven by the moving body. Thus it is possible to realize electronic equipment that is strong against the external turbulence such as vibration and free from the effect of the magnetic noise in a compact shape with low power consumption. 
     According to the present invention, the linear motion mechanism with a supersonic motor is used in electronic equipment, which is characterized in that an optical intensity is varied by the moving member. Thus it is possible to realize electronic equipment that is strong against the external turbulence such as vibration and free from the effect of the magnetic noise in a compact shape with low power consumption. 
     According to the present invention, the linear motion mechanism with a supersonic motor is used in electronic, which is characterized in that an optical distance is varied by the moving member. Thus it is possible to realize electronic equipment that is strong against the external turbulence such as vibration and free from the effect of the magnetic noise in a compact shape with low power consumption. 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     A preferred form of the present invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings in which: 
     FIG. 1 shows a first example of a linear motion mechanism using a supersonic motor according to the present invention; 
     FIG. 2 shows a cross-sectional view showing a structure of the supersonic motor according to the present invention; 
     FIGS. 3A-3E show a drive principle of the supersonic motor according to the present invention; 
     FIG. 4 shows a modification example 1 of the first example of the linear motion mechanism using the supersonic motor according to the present invention; 
     FIG. 5 shows a modification example 2 of the first example of the linear motion mechanism using the supersonic motor according to the present invention; 
     FIG. 6 shows a modification example 3 of the first example of the linear motion mechanism using the supersonic motor according to the present invention; 
     FIGS. 7A-7B show a second example of a linear motion mechanism using a supersonic motor according to the present invention; 
     FIGS. 8A-8B show a modification example 1 of the second example of the linear motion mechanism using the supersonic motor according to the present invention; 
     FIGS. 9A-9B show a modification example 2 of the second example of the linear motion mechanism using the supersonic motor according to the present invention; 
     FIG. 10 shows an example of a swing motion mechanism using the supersonic motor according to the present invention; 
     FIG. 11 shows a third example of a linear motion mechanism using a supersonic motor according to the present invention; 
     FIG. 12 shows a block diagram of the third example of the linear motion mechanism using the supersonic motor according to the present invention; 
     FIG. 13 shows a modification example 1 of a third example of a linear motion mechanism using a supersonic motor according to the present invention; 
     FIG. 14 shows a modification example 2 of the third example of the linear motion mechanism using the supersonic motor according to the present invention; 
     FIG. 15 shows a modification example 3 of the third example of the linear motion mechanism using the supersonic motor according to the present invention; 
     FIG. 16 shows a modification example 4 of the third example of the linear motion mechanism using the supersonic motor according to the present invention; 
     FIG. 17 shows a modification example 5 of the third example of the linear motion mechanism using the supersonic motor according to the present invention; 
     FIG. 18 shows a fourth example of a linear motion mechanism using a supersonic motor according to the present invention; 
     FIG. 19 shows a block diagram of the fourth example of the linear motion mechanism using the supersonic motor according to the present invention; and 
     FIG. 20 shows a modification example 1 of the fourth example of the linear motion mechanism using the supersonic motor according to the present invention. 
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
     Embodiments in which the present invention is applied will now be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 1 to  20 . 
     Embodiment 1 
     First, an example of a supersonic motor applicable to the present invention is described. 
     FIGS. 1-2 show a structure of a supersonic motor  1  to which the present invention may be applied, and FIGS. 3A-3E show an operational principle of the supersonic motor  1 . The operational theory of the supersonic motor according to the present invention will first be described. In FIG. 2, a disc-like vibrating body  3  is supported to a center shaft  6  fixed at its center to a support plate  5 . A piezoelectric element  2  is bonded to a first surface of the vibrating body  3 , and projections  3   a  for enlarging a vibratory shift of the vibrating body  3  and imparting a rotational force to a rotor  4  are provided on a second surface. A bearing  7  is provided at the center of the rotor  4  and the center thereof is guided by the center shaft  6 . A pivot  8  provided on a central portion of the rotor and having a tip end curved is pressurized by a spring member  9  having one end fixed to a spring seat  10  to thereby impart a contact pressure between the projections  3   a  of the vibrating body  3  and the rotor  4 . A vibrating wave excited to the vibrating body  3  is converted into the rotational force of the rotor  4  through the frictional force by the piezoelectric effect of the piezoelectric element  2 . 
     FIGS. 3A-3E show the operational principle in detail. The piezoelectric element  2  bonded to the vibrating body  3  is divided by every one-fourth wavelength in the circumferential direction and polarized in a thickness direction so that every other piece has a reversed direction. Every other electrode pattern is electrically short-circuited to constitute two electrode pattern groups of hatched portions  11   a  and non-hatched portions  11   b . The vibrating body  3  and the piezoelectric element  2  are bonded so that the projections  3   a  of the vibrating body  3  are located just at border lines between the electrode patterns of the hatched portion  11   a  and non-hatched portion  11   b . Electrodes  111   c  are provided over the entire contact surface between the piezoelectric element  2  and the vibrating body  3 . (FIGS. 3A-3B) 
     When a drive signal having a predetermined frequency is applied to the pattern group  11   a  of the hatched portion, a stationary wave as shown in FIG. 3C is generated in the vibrating body  3 . At this time, since the projections  3   a  that have been raised are slanted rightward, the rotor  4  that comes into contact with these projections is moved rightward. 
     On the other hand, when a drive signal is applied to the pattern group  11   b  of the non-hatched portion, a stationary wave as shown in FIG. 3D is generated in the vibrating body  3 . In this case, the rotor  4  is moved leftward. Thus, one of the surfaces of the piezoelectric element is used as a common electrode  11   c , the two electrode groups  11   a  and  11   b  are provided on the other surface, and the electrode group to which the drive signal is applied is selected out of the two electrode groups  11   a  and  11   b  whereby the position where the stationary wave is generated in the vibrating body is shifted and the moving direction of the rotor  4  that comes into contact with the vibrating body  3  may be controlled. 
     The drive signal is applied in between a flexible substrate  12  electrically connected to the electrode pattern groups  11   a  and  11   b  of the piezoelectric element  2  and the support plate  5 . The support plate  5  is electrically connected to the electrode  11   c  through the vibrating body  3  and the center shaft  6 . 
     If the piezoelectric element  2  according to this embodiment is used, it is possible to excite the stationary wave having three wave frequencies in the circumferential direction of the vibrating body  3 . Also, since the number of nodes in the radial direction are different in accordance with the frequency, it is preferable that the projections  3   a  be provided on the amplitude maximum portion to the radial direction of the vibratory mode to be excited. 
     The first embodiment will now be described. The support plate  5  of the supersonic motor  1  is connected to a second support plate  18 . In the rotor  4 , a cam  13  is provided integrally with the rotor  4 . The moving body  14  is movable in one direction in accordance with a guide surface of a guide  16  mounted on the second support plate  18  and at the same time a curved tip end  14   a  of the moving body  14  comes into contact with a cam  13 . A prepressure spring  15  is received between the guide  16  and the tip end  14   a  of the moving body  14  to impart a contact pressure to the tip end  14   a  of the moving body  14  and the cam  13 . When the rotor  4  rotates, the cam  13  also rotates together. The moving body  14  moves in response to the change in radial length of the cam  13 . In this case, since the prepressure is applied between the tip end  14   a  of the moving body  14  and the cam  13 , there is no rattle among the cam  13 , the rotor  4  and the moving body  14 . It is also possible to perform a stable operation against the vibration from the outside or the posture difference. Furthermore, according to the feature of the supersonic motor, the frictional force works between the rotor  4  and the projections  3   a  of the vibrating body  3  without consuming the electric power when stopped, while maintaining the movement of the moving body  14 . Accordingly, effecting the feature of the supersonic motor that may perform high precision positioning operation, it is possible to perform the positioning operation with high precision also for the linear movement of the moving body  14 . Also, the response characteristics is ensured in comparison with an electromagnetic motor or an actuator. The contour of the cam  13  is made smaller than a diameter of the projections  3   a  for transmitting the force of the vibrating body so that the large force may be transmitted to the moving body  14 . 
     FIG. 4 shows a modification example 1 of this embodiment. The direction of the supersonic motor  1  is rotated through 90 degrees so that the tip end  14   a  of the moving body  14  is brought into contact with a top surface of the motor  4 . A cam portion  13  having a different thickness is provided in the rotor  4 , and the moving body  14  in contact with the rotor  4  is operated according to the rotation of the rotor  4 . 
     FIG. 5 shows a modification example 2 of this embodiment. In this case, a pinion  19  is provided on the rotor  4  and engages with a rack  14   b  provided on the moving body  14  to thereby operate the moving body in accordance with the movement of the rotor  4 . The moving body  14  is guided so as to move in one direction to the guide  16  and a second guide  10   b  provided in a spring seat  10 . The second guide  10   b  is provided in the spring seat to thereby realize the miniaturization and simplification of the machine according to this embodiment. The backlash between the rack  14   b  and the pinion  19  is moderated by the prepressure spring  15  provided between the second guide  10   b  and the stepped portion  14   c  provided at a part of the moving body  14 . 
     FIG. 6 shows a modification example 3 of this embodiment. In this case, a gear  20  is provided on the rotor  4  to rotate a cam  22  provided on a gear  21 . The moving body  14  operates in accordance with the movement of the cam  22 . The gear  21  and the gear  20  operate so as to decelerate the rotation of the rotor  4 , and transmit a large force to the moving body  14 . Also, the backlash between the gears  20  and  21  is moderated by the prepressure spring  15  so that the moving body  14  may be positioned and operated with precision. 
     For instance, if a magnetic head  17  is mounted at the tip end of the moving body  14 , it is possible to realize a hard disc with high density. Furthermore, since the supersonic motor does not generate any magnetic field, there is no adverse affect against the magnetic head  17  or a magnetic disc (not shown). Also, if a stage is provided instead of the magnetic head  17 , it is possible to realize a downsized finely moving stage. In this case, it is possible to perform the fine movement and the rough movement. Also, if a lens is mounted at the tip end of the moving body  14  and a CCD camera is provided in a position in parallel with the extension in the moving direction of the moving body  14 , it is possible to realize a zooming mechanism or an auto-focus mechanism for a camera of a catheter used in a medical field. It is possible to perform an operation by a remote operation if a blade tool is provided instead of the lens. 
     By the way, it is possible to point out as one of the defects of the supersonic motor a fact that stick would occur in the contact surface between the rotor  4  and the vibrating body  3  and the operation failure would occur in the case where the motor is left for a long period of time without any operation. Although the defect depends upon the material of the contact surface or the effect of the outside circumstances (temperature, humidity or the like), for example, it is possible to avoid operation failure due to stick by utilizing the rotational force in the case where the pressurizing mechanism (prepressure spring  15 ) is provided for always imparting the rotational force in the constant direction to the rotor  4  as shown in the present invention. 
     For instance, in the case where the supersonic motor  1  is to be driven, the rotor  4  is rotated in a direction so that the force of the prepressure spring  15  imparts the rotational force to the rotor  4  in advance. Alternatively, the stationary wave as shown in FIG. 3E is generated and the frictional force is reduced between the rotor  4  and the vibrating body  3  without imparting any rotational force to the rotor  4 , whereby the rotor  4  is operated only by the rotational force due to the prepressure of the prepressure spring  15 . After the stick condition is released by such a method, a predetermined operation is performed. Incidentally, in order to excite the stationary wave shown in FIG. 3E, it is sufficient to apply the drive signal to both electrode patterns of the hatched portion  11   a  and the non-hatched portion  11   b.    
     Second Embodiment 
     A second embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 7A shows a top plan view of a moving body  25  and FIG. 7B shows a side elevational view of a linear motion mechanism. A support plate  23  of the supersonic motor  1  is fixed to a second support plate  28 . Two guide holes are provided in the moving body  25  and are movable in one direction along two shafts  24  fixed at one side end to the second support plate  28 . A part  25   a  of the moving body  25  and the cam  13  are brought into contact with each other in a moving direction of the moving body. The cam  13  rotates as the rotor  4  rotates, thereby operating the moving body  25 . At this time, the prepressure spring  15  is interposed between the moving body  25  and the one side ends  24   a  of the shafts  24  to thereby impart the contact pressure to the part  25   a  of the moving body and the cam  13 . 
     In this case, for example, if through-holes are formed in the moving body  25  and the second support plate  28  and lenses  26  and  27  are provided, it is possible to realize an attenuator for adjusting an intensity of light, a focusing mechanism for adjusting a focus of light or the like. 
     There is no limit to how to fix the supersonic motor  1 . It is sufficient to apply the force caused by the rotation of the cam  13  in the moving direction of the moving body  25 . Also, in this embodiment, the rotor  4  and the cam  13  are formed integrally with each other. However, the rotor  4  and the cam  13  may be formed into discrete members. It is possible to transmit the force of the rotor  4  to the cam  13  by using a gear, a frictional wheel or the like. The rotation of the rotor  4  is decelerated so that the large force may be generated in the cam  13 . Also, a rack may be provided in a part  25   a  of the moving body, and the moving body may be moved by a pinion cooperating with the rotor  4 . 
     FIGS. 8A-8B show another example related to the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 8B is a side elevational view of a linear motion mechanism and FIG. 8A is a top plan view of a moving body  28 . A support plate  23  of the ultrasonic wave motor  1  is fixed to a second support plate  31 . A guide shaft  30  is provided on the moving body  28  and is movable in a constant direction along a guide hole  31   a  of the second support plate  31 . A shaft  29  having its one end fixed to the second support plate  31  is inserted into a guide portion  28   b  provided in the moving body  28  to thereby restrict the movement in the vertical direction and the moving direction of the moving body  28 . A projection  28   a  provided in a part of the moving body  28  and the cam  13  are in contact with each other toward the moving direction of the moving body. The cam  13  rotates together as the rotor  4  rotates, thereby operating the moving body  28 . At this time, a prepressure spring  15  is interposed between a stepped portion  30   a  of the guide shaft and the second support plate  31  to apply a contact pressure to the cam  13  and the projection  28   a  provided in a part of the moving body. 
     In this case, for example, if through-holes are formed in the moving body  28  and the second support plate  31  and lenses  26  and  27  are provided, it is possible to realize an attenuator for adjusting an intensity of light, a focusing mechanism for adjusting a focus of light or the like. 
     There is no limit to how to fix the supersonic motor  1 . It is sufficient to apply the force caused by the rotation of the cam  13  in the moving direction of the moving body  28 . Also, in this embodiment, the rotor  4  and the cam  13  are formed integrally with each other. However, the rotor  4  and the cam  13  may be formed into discrete members. It is possible to transmit the force of the rotor  4  to the cam  13  by using a gear, a frictional wheel or the like. The rotation of the rotor  4  is decelerated so that the large force may be generated in the cam  13 . Also, a rack may be provided in a part  28   b  of the moving body and the moving body may be moved by a means of pinion cooperating with the rotor  4 . 
     FIGS. 9A-9B show another example related to the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 9B is a side elevational view of a linear motion mechanism and FIG. 9A is a top plan view of a moving body  32 . A support plate  23  of the ultrasonic wave motor  1  is fixed to a second support plate  36 . Two guide holes are provided in the moving body  32 , and is movable in a constant direction along the two shafts  35  having their one ends fixed to the second support plate  36 . A power transmission member  33  is supported so as to be rotatable by a guide pin  34   a  of a fixing member  34 . Separate one ends of the power transmission member  33  is contacted in the moving direction of the moving body  32  with the cam  13  and the projections  32   a  and  32   b  provided in a part of the moving body  32 . The cam  13  rotates together as the rotor  4  rotates, thereby operating the moving body  32  through the power transmission member  33 . At this time, a prepressure spring  15  is interposed between a stepped portion  35   a  of the shaft  35  and the moving body  32  to apply a contact pressure to the cam  13 , the power transmission member  33  and the projection  32   a  provided in a part of the moving body. 
     In FIG. 9, the lens  26  is mounted on the moving body  32 . Since the light passes through the lens, it is impossible to arrange the supersonic motor  1  including the cam  13  above the lens. However, in the case where there is no lens, it is preferable to apply the force of the cam  13  directly to a point located at the center of the lens, i.e., the center of the line connecting the two shafts  35 , and hence the gravitational center of the moving body  32 . For this structure, it is sufficient to provide the projection at the gravitational center of the moving body so as to contact directly with the cam  13  as shown in, for example, FIG.  8 . 
     In this case, for example, if through-holes are formed in the moving body  32  and the second support plate  36  and lenses  26  and  27  are provided, it is possible to realize an attenuator for adjusting an intensity of light, a focusing mechanism for adjusting a focus of light or the like. 
     There is no limit to how to fix the supersonic motor  1 . It is sufficient to apply the force caused by the rotation of the cam  13  in the moving direction of the moving body  32 . Also, in this embodiment, the rotor  4  and the cam  13  are formed integrally with each other. However, the rotor  4  and the cam  13  may be formed into discrete members. It is possible to transmit the force of the rotor  4  to the cam  13  by using a gear, a frictional wheel or the like. The rotation of the rotor  4  is decelerated so that the large force may be generated in the cam  13 . 
     The linear motion mechanism using the supersonic motor is applied to electronic equipment whereby it is possible to realize the low voltage ability, low power consumption, miniaturization and cost saving feature of the electronic equipment. Since the supersonic motor is utilized, of course, there is no magnetic effect and no harmful magnetic noise is generated. 
     Third Embodiment 
     A third embodiment of the present invention will now be described. FIG. 10 is a top plan view of a pivotal or swing motion mechanism using a supersonic motor  1  and its application. 
     The moving body  37  is supported rotatably in a direction indicated by the arrow  39  about a point  40   a . There is no limit as to how the moving body may be supported. A bearing and a center shaft having the center located at the point  40   a  can be used on the bottom surface of the moving body  37 , for example. 
     A cam  13  formed integrally with the rotor  4  that receives the drive force of the vibrating body  3  (not shown) and rotates is in contact with one of the side surfaces of the moving member  37  to the rotational direction. When the cam  13  is rotated, the moving body  37  takes a swing motion such that it again returns back to the same position in accordance with the profile. The moving body  37  and the cam  13  are always in contact with each other by receiving a prepressure of a prepressure spring  15 . The rotational motion of the rotor  4  is converted into the swing motion of the moving body  37  through the cam  13  to thereby obtain a fine angular shift of the moving body  37 . It is therefore possible to further enhance the positioning resolving power with high precision owned by the supersonic motor  1 . 
     For instance, if a filter  38  made of dielectric multi-layered film is provided on a top surface of the moving body  37 , and an optical fiber  39   a  is provided at a confronting position with the filter  38 , the transmission center wavelength of a ray of light introduced from the optical fiber  39   a  and passing through the filter  38  changes in accordance with an angle of the filter  38  and is introduced into the optical fiber  39   b . Accordingly, it is possible to realize an optical filter that is thus superior in variable resolving power. 
     Fourth Embodiment 
     FIG. 12 is a block diagram of the third example of the linear motion mechanism using the supersonic motor according to the present invention. The supersonic motor  1  is composed of a stator  41  generating elastic vibration to the vibrating body having the piezoelectric element, the rotor  4  converted into the rotational motion through the frictional force by the elastic vibration of the stator and the first pressurizing mechanism  9  for imparting a suitable pressure to the rotor and the stator. In this case, the stator  41  is fixed to the fixing and supporting member  42  and the rotational motion of the rotor  4  is converted into the linear motion of the moving body  44  by the rotation-linear motion converting mechanism  43 . 
     FIG. 11 is a first example of a linear motion mechanism using a supersonic motor according to the present invention. 
     A rotary body  45  has a slant portion that has at least one different thickness in the circumferential direction of the rotor  4  and is fixed so as to be rotated together with the rotor  4 . A linearly moving body portion  46  having a projecting portion at least a part of which is in contact with the slant portion of the rotary body  45  is guided by guide members  47   a  and  47   b  in accordance with the rotational motion of the rotor so that the linearly moving body portion  46  is moved linearly in the thickness direction of the rotor. The linearly moving body portion  46  has, at a part thereof, a moving body  44  that is to be driven. Here, the pressurizing spring  15  that is a second pressurizing mechanism is provided so that the linearly moving body portion  46  of the moving body  44  is pressed and contacted at a suitable pressure to the rotary body portion  45  so that the minute rattle amount may be compensated for to thereby realize a linear motion mechanism with a supersonic motor with high precision. Incidentally, since the pressurizing pressure in the pressurizing spring  15  that is the second pressurizing mechanism is set to be smaller than the pressurizing force of a pressurizing spring that is the first pressurizing mechanism a so that the drive force of the supersonic motor is not affected by an adverse effect due to an external turbulence such as a load of a moving member  100 , body  44 , it is possible to realize a linear motion mechanism with a supersonic motor that is stable even in small size and thin shape to obtain the drive force. 
     FIG. 13 is a block diagram showing a modification example 1 of the third example of the linear motion mechanism using the supersonic motor. The basic structure thereof is not different from that shown in FIG.  11 . However, it is noted that the amount of movement of the moving member  100 , corresponding to the moving body  4  in FIG. 11, is detected by means of a moving body detecting means  105  and a signal thereof is fed to the control circuit  101  and the position is drivingly compensated for with the supersonic motor drive circuit  104 . 
     The moving body detecting means  105  includes intensity, fringe, wavelength as amount of change of light, and a change amount of magnetic field. 
     FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a modification example 2 of the third example of the linear motion mechanism using the supersonic motor. The basic structure thereof is not different from that shown in FIG.  11 . However, a connector  51  in which a fiber  49  and a lens  50  are arranged centrally is provided on the fixing and supporting member  42  and in the same manner a connector  54  in which a fiber  52  and a lens  53  is arranged centrally is provided on the moving body  44  and the moving body  44  is linearly moved by the rotation of the supersonic motor so that an optical intensity is variable when the intensity of light emitted from the fiber  49  is received in the fiber  52 . With such an arrangement, for instance, it is possible to realize an attenuator that is an optical information communication module which is free from the effect of magnetic noise and strong against an external turbulence such as vibrations, and which is small in size and has low power consumption. 
     FIG. 15 is a diagram showing a modification example 3 of the third example of the linear motion mechanism using the supersonic motor. The basic structure thereof is not different from that shown in FIG.  11 . However, a lens  55  is mounted on the fixing and supporting member  42  and in the same manner a lens  56  is mounted on the movable body  44 . The moving body  44  is moved linearly by the rotation of the supersonic motor to thereby change an optical distance. With such an arrangement, for example, it is possible to realize a focus setting mechanism, an auto-focus mechanism, an iris mechanism for a camera, a video camera, an optical pickup or the like that are free from the adverse affect of magnetic noise and are strong against an external turbulence such as vibrations, and which is small in size and has low power consumption. 
     FIG. 16 is a block diagram showing a modification example 4 of the first example of the linear motion mechanism using the supersonic motor. The basic structure thereof is not different from that shown in FIG.  11 . However, the structure is different from that in the following point. Whereas the bearing is used for bearing the shaft in the foregoing embodiment, a pivot portion  8  is provided at a central portion of the rotor  4  and the rotor  4  is pressed and contacted against the vibrating body  3  by the pressurizing spring  9  that is the first pressurizing mechanism provided in the spring seat  10  that is formed integrally with the fixing and supporting member  42  or the support plate  5  in this embodiment. Namely, since the pressurizing mechanism may be realized by the simple structure when the system is to be miniaturized, it is possible to realize a small size linear motion mechanism. 
     FIG. 17 is a block diagram showing a modification example 5 of the third example of the linear motion mechanism using the supersonic motor. In this embodiment, a lens  56  is provided directly to the fixing and supporting member  42  and formed integrally with the rotor, a hole portion  48  through which the light from the lens  56  may pass is provided in the central portion, and a lens  55  is embedded directly in the linearly moving body portion  46  to thereby make it possible to realize further miniaturization of the linear motion apparatus that has been described in the foregoing embodiments. Incidentally, in this case, the drive of the rotating body portion  45  is used to transmit through the projections  3   a  a fine vibration generated in the vibrating body  3  arranged on the side wall. In this case, the pressurizing spring  9  that is the first pressurizing mechanism is arranged to the vibrating body  3  from the side wall of the rotating body portion  45 . Incidentally, although the direct drive from the side wall of the vibrating body  3  is shown in this embodiment, it is possible to form a gear around the outer circumferential portion of the rotating body portion  45  to perform the drive by the motor through the reduction gear train. 
     In the linear motion mechanism with the supersonic motor according to this embodiment, the rotating body portion  45  is in contact with the linearly moving body portion  46  at one point. However, if the rotating body portion  45  has a projecting portion that enables the rotating body portion to come in contact with the linearly moving body portion  46  at three points, the point of application of force of the linearly moving body portion  46  that operates together with the moving body  44  acts stably and uniformly on the rotating body portion. Therefore the portion operates smoothly thereby making the invention strong against the external turbulence such as vibration. 
     Fifth Embodiment 
     A fifth embodiment of the present invention will now be described. FIG. 18 shows a fourth example of a linear motion mechanism using a supersonic motor according to the present invention. FIG. 19 is a block diagram showing the fourth example of the linear motion mechanism using the supersonic motor according to the present invention. The basic structure is the same as that of the foregoing embodiments. The difference is that the first pressurizing mechanism for applying a suitable pressurizing force to the stator and the rotor and the second pressurizing mechanism disposed so that the linearly moving body portion is pressurized and contacted at a suitable pressure against the rotating body portion are used in common. Thus, it is possible to realize the linear motion mechanism with the supersonic motor in even smaller size and thinner shape. Namely, the rotating body portion  48  formed integrally with the rotor is pressurized and contacted by the pressurizing spring  9  fixed to the pressurizing spring seat  10 . 
     FIG. 20 shows a modification example 1 of the second example of the linear motion mechanism using the supersonic motor according to the present invention. The basic structure is the same as that shown in FIG.  18 . However, a stage  57  is provided in the moving body portion to drive the loaded members to thereby make it possible to realize electronic equipment that is strong against the external turbulence such as vibration and free from the magnetic noise in a compact shape and in low power consumption. In particular, it is possible to realize a finely movable linear motion stage in a super compact shape. 
     As described above, according to the present invention, the moving body is moved in a linear manner by the rotary type supersonic motor and the output transmission means such as a cam or a pinion that rotates in cooperation with the rotor of the supersonic motor, and also, the pressurizing mechanism for imparting the contact pressure between the moving body and the output transmission member to realize the linear motion mechanism with the supersonic motor, to thereby make it possible to perform rough and fine feed with high precision without any backlash and to form the linear motion mechanism that is hardly affected by the effect such as external vibration and is high in rigidity. 
     Also, since the supersonic motor that is small in size and high in output is used, it is possible to construct the linear motion mechanism that does not affect the others and does not receive the magnetic effect, with the overall compact and thin shape of the mechanism. Also, it is characterized in that the power is not consumed during the mechanism is not in operation. 
     Accordingly, it is possible to realize a linear motion mechanism with a supersonic motor that is small in size, low in power consumption, and is capable of high precision positioning, and electronic equipment using the same.