Abstract:
A valve for a dispenser has a spherical valve body which is fixed in the closed position by a catch mechanism. When a predetermined dispensing pressure is applied, the valve body is moved out of the locked position and displaced, like a piston, into a sealed receiving chamber, in which it is fixed. This results in a very simple, reliable closure of the outlet channel, which only needs to be opened once.

Description:
BACKGROUND AND SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     The invention relates to a dispenser for various flowable media, which can be in gaseous, liquid, pasty, or pulverulent form. 
     According to the invention, the dispenser has a pressure chamber connected by an outlet channel to a dispensing opening, such as a nozzle, and/or at least one valve, which can be an inlet valve, an outlet valve or some other valve, so that operation can be reliably controlled. 
     A further problem of the invention is to avoid the disadvantages of known constructions and, in particular, to obtain a high positional security or a very reliable closure by the particular valve. 
     This problem is solved in that at least one valve is fixed in at least one position, particularly in the closed position, by at least one restraint in the manner of a snap-action holding and release mechanism or the like, so that in the case of an open position it is immovable or in the case of a closed position the valve can be held in such a way that the restraint can only be overcome by applying a predetermined disengaging force and then it occurs suddenly, so as to pass into from one operating state to another operating state. 
     Appropriately a catch is formed to operate directly by the contact between a valve body and a valve seat. For the accurate, simple determination of the locking force, the valve body is axially or symmetrically constructed. The valve body can be inserted as a closed standard component in a jacket having a channel portion. The jacket forms a valve seat along the channel portion. 
     The restraint or catch can also be produced by a fluid, against which the valve operates when transferred between two positions under pressure changes. This leads to a type of fluid suspension or damping. For example, the valve body can restrict or block a pressure chamber that is pressurized by a gas or air introduced into a bore portion connected to the valve seat. By changing the conditions between two portions of the pressure chamber associated with the two valve positions, it is possible to adjust the restraining force. 
     The fluid pressure can also act as a restoring spring for restoring the valve to at least one position, particularly the closed position. 
     Particularly when the dispenser is constructed as a one-way and/or disposable dispenser, so that the total stored medium volume is substantially completely discharged following a complete pump stroke, the valve as an outlet valve can also merely form a hermetically tight closure of the medium or pump chamber in the vicinity of the outlet channel. Under the pumping pressure, this closure is transferred into its open position, where it is secured by a jamming, locking or stop engagement. The valve construction is particularly suitable for dispensers in accordance with German Patent Application DE-OS 35 32 890, to which reference should be made for further details and effects. 
     Particularly if the dispenser is constructed according to the inventor&#39;s German Patent Application P 39 09 031.0, assigned to the assignee of the present invention, to which reference should be made, it can be advantageous to form a displacement or valve body mechanically connected to a pump cylinder by a separate component, which is made from a different material than the cylinder and is connected thereto, e.g. by means of a fixed connecting member. Therefore, the cylinder can then be constructed in a simple manner as a container made from glass or a material having similar characteristics. A material such as glass would be too inelastic for use as the valve or displacement body. The more elastic displacement body forms, together with the hard glass container, a closed standard component. 
     These and other features of the invention will be apparent from the disclosure provided by the claims, the description and the drawings, which follow. In the description, reference is made to the accompanying drawings, which form a part hereof, and which illustrate examples of the invention. Such examples, however, are not exhaustive of the various embodiments of the invention and, therefore, reference is made to the claims which follow the description for determining the scope of the invention. 
    
    
     BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
     FIG. 1 is an axial section view of a preferred embodiment of the invention; 
     FIG. 2 is a plan view of the dispenser according to FIG. 1 with the closure cap removed; 
     FIG. 3 is a detail view of the embodiment of FIG. 1 on a larger scale and in a valve-open position; and 
     FIG. 4 is another embodiment in a view corresponding to FIG. 3. 
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 
     The dispenser 1 according to FIGS. 1-3 has a one-piece basic body 2 substantially forming its entire outer boundary and also has at one end a cap-like casing 3, which is flat-oval in a longitudinal view, together with a connecting piece 4 projecting from its end wall over the outside. The connecting piece 4 is formed by an outer sleeve 5 connected to an inner sleeve 6 by one end to the end wall of the casing 3 in the vicinity of the free end to the outer sleeve 5. Otherwise the outer sleeve 5 is separated by a space from the inner sleeve 6, which is located in substantially contact-free manner within the outer sleeve 5, and projects inside of the cap end wall into the casing 3. 
     At this lower end, the inner sleeve 6 carries a thrust piston pump 7 located substantially completely within the casing 3 and the outer sleeve 5 and which substantially comprises a piston 8 and a cup-shaped cylinder 9 closed in one piece at the bottom. The cylinder 9 and the piston 8 define a pump chamber that is hermetically sealed. The piston 8 has several, cross-sectionally sawtooth-like piston lips that engage the inside walls of the cylinder 9. The piston 8 is connected to the associated end of the inner sleeve 6 and projects into the cylinder 9. The piston 8 is constructed in one piece with a substantially through, cylindrical piston shaft 10, which extends up to the inner end of a dispensing opening 11. The dispensing opening 11 is provided at the free end of the connecting piece 4 in the end wall of a nozzle cap, which is formed by the transition area between the two sleeves 5, 6 and on whose end wall the piston shaft 10 is connected with an end facing away from the piston 8. 
     From the pressure 19 chamber an outlet channel 12 passes through the piston 8 and along the outer circumference of the piston shaft 10 into a twisting device located at one end of the piston shaft 10 and from there roughly radially inwards directly into the dispensing opening 11. The outlet channel 12 is completely within the piston shaft 10 with the piston 8 and the cylinder 9 in the starting position. The inner sleeve 6 is provided as an outlet valve 13, which in the starting position forms a tight closure. 
     A channel 14 is constructed as a blind bore that leads into the piston shaft 10. The piston shaft 10 is connected at a distance from the blind bore via a transverse channel 16 to a channel portion 15, which runs along the associated portion of the piston shaft 10 between its outer circumference and the inner circumference of the inner sleeve 6 up to the twisting device. The inner end of channel 14, which is circular in axial view of the transverse channel 16, and which is located in the cylindrical jacket of the channel portion 14, forms a ring-like valve seat 18. The valve seat 18 is located on an imaginary spherical surface for a valve body 17, which is spherically curved at least on its outer surface, The valve body 17 is preferably completely spherical with a sphere radius that is slightly larger than that of the valve seat 18 or the radius of the channel portion 14. The valve body 17 is pressed through the channel portion 14 to to slightly pretensioned engagement on the valve seat 18, and is supported in the jacket area of the channel portion 14 opposite the valve seat 18. The valve body 17 is then located a distance from the bottom of the blind bore at least corresponding to its outer diameter. 
     A reception chamber 19, also referred to as pressure chamber 19, is formed for the body 17, and is completely sealed with respect to the outlet channel 12, the channel portion 14 and the transverse channel 16 by the valve body 17. The controlled movement of the valve body 17 is in roughly in the same direction as, or is an extension of, the assembly insertion direction, without it being necessary to have a separate securing member against dropping out or a valve spring. 
     As soon as a sufficiently high pressure has been produced by manual displacement of the pump cylinder 9 with respect to the pump piston 8 in the pump chamber and the channel portion 14, the resilient position restraint 20 of the valve body 17 formed by the described construction is overcome and then in the manner of a valve piston it rolls and/or slides out of the valve seat 18 and according to FIG. 3 is pressed into the reception chamber 19. The volume of the reception chamber 19 can be made large enough to ensure that its gas filling offers no significant resistance to the opening movement of the valve body 17, or the reception chamber 19 can for this purpose be provided with a suitable vent. Substantially all said components are appropriately located along a common central axis 21. 
     The external diameter of the inner sleeve 6, at least in the vicinity of the cylinder 9, corresponds to the internal diameter, so that the cylinder 9 is guided in a substantially clearance or tilt-free manner on the inner sleeve 6. Moreover, as a result, the outer circumference of the inner sleeve 6 in the vicinity of the valve 13 is indirectly supported by the piston shaft 10, which is sleeve-like in this area, in radial manner on the cylinder wall. At least in the vicinity of the valve body 17 or the valve seat 18, the piston shaft 10 is made from pressure-elastic, resilient material, whereas the inner sleeve 6 is made from much harder material. The valve body 17 can be shape-hard or pressure-elastic. 
     On either side of the connecting piece 4 the end wall of the casing 3 forms an operating handle 22 in the form of pressure surfaces for the finger. In the flatter walls of the casing jacket there are two facing, approximately identical and aligned cutouts 23 for the simultaneous engagement of a thumb, ,which emanate from the end of the casing jacket 3 open to full width and accessible by the handle 24 provided as a finger pressure surface on the cylinder 9 and which is formed by the bottom of the cylinder 9. During operation, the cylinder 9 engages only the piston 8 and the inner sleeve 6 and is otherwise free of contact within the basic body 2 when inserted in the outer sleeve 5. 
     The connecting piece 4 can be substantially completely located in a removable cap 25, which extends approximately up to the end wall of the casing 3 and is sealed by an associated end that engages the outer circumference of the outer sleeve 5. A further seal is provided closer to the nozzle cap and is formed by an inner muff 26 projecting freely from the inside of the cap end wall. The muff 26 engages a torus on the outer face of the connecting piece 4. Thus, the dispensing opening 11 is located in a relatively small, separate cap chamber. The outer end of the otherwise contact-free cap 25 is accurately centered with respect to the associated end of the connecting piece 4. 
     In FIG. 4, corresponding parts carry the same reference numerals as in FIGS. 1-3, but followed by the letter &#34;a&#34;, so that the description correspondingly applies for said embodiment. As from the starting position the channel portion 14a contains a valve rod 17a located at the end of a shaft 27 in the form of a cup sleeve or ring lip. The valve body 17a is stretched and constricted in a radial direction. The valve body 17a and the shaft form a displacement body, which at the end of the pump stroke fills the channel portion 14a almost completely except for a narrow annular gap. 
     At its end remote from the valve body 17a, the shaft 27 is constructed in one piece with a widened collar 28, which is appropriately inserted with pressure from the open end in the cylinder 9a and engages approximately the whole inside surface of the cylinder bottom. 
     Thus, the collar 28 forms the annular bottom boundary of the pump chamber facing the piston 8a. The component 30 having the displacement body can be inserted or not in the cylinder 9a, so that the same cylinder can be differently equipped as required. On its end face, the valve body 17a forms a depression or a sleeve inner chamber conically widened in the movement direction and in which, at the end of the pumpstroke, is inserted displacement shoulder 31 which is reciprocally shaped relative to the valve body 17a and which projects from the blind bore bottom of the channel portion 14a against the valve body 17a. 
     Adjacent to the jacket of the displacement shoulder 31 or directly connected to the blind bore bottom is provided the transverse channel 16a, so that the medium displaced from the valve body 17a at the end of the pump stroke is forced directly into the transverse channel 16a in a final volume spurt. The bottom boundary 29 is adapted to the spherically hollowed out, associated end face of the pump piston 8a and to the frustum-shaped jacket from its front piston lip, so that here again complete emptying takes place.