Abstract:
An exsiccate device removes moisture or water from a fuel tank. Suitably the fuel exsiccate device is interposed between two pipes that fluidically communicate air or fuel. The exsiccate device contains numerous beads formed from a substance that attracts water molecules via intermolecular forces, such as van der Waals forces, without being hygroscopic. The exsiccate device can be used to filter fuel directly by using numerous beads formed from molecular sieves that are suitably transition metal aluminosilicates with a substantially uniform pore crystalline structure.

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO A RELATED APPLICATION 
       [0001]    The application claims the benefit of Provisional Application No. 61/241,957, filed Sep. 13, 2009, which is incorporated herein by reference. 
     
    
     BACKGROUND 
       [0002]    A fuel tank is a container for flammable liquids, but usually it refers to any storage tank for fuel that is part of an engine system in which the fuel is stored and communicated to an engine. When a vehicle, such as a boat or a motorcycle, is exposed to the elements, water eventually makes its way into the fuel tank. Water likely rusts the fuel tank, and, over time, rust may damage engine parts. Furthermore, any rust in the fuel lines, fuel filters, pumps, and so on, can cause continued damage to replacement engine parts. For vehicles that operate in cold environments, the temperature of the fuel in the tank decreases. Dissolved water in the fuel freezes, and pieces of ice may block fuel lines and cause other damage. 
       SUMMARY 
       [0003]    This summary is provided to introduce a selection of concepts in a simplified form that are further described below in the Detailed Description. This summary is not intended to identify key features of the claimed subject matter, nor is it intended to be used as an aid in determining the scope of the claimed subject matter. 
         [0004]    One aspect of the subject matter includes a device form, which recites an exsiccate device. The exsiccate device comprises a cylindrical body made from a see-through material. The exsiccate device further comprises exsiccate beads disposed within the cylindrical body. The exsiccate device also comprises caps that enclose the cylindrical body at its terminals. Each cap finishes in a hole to allow fluid to be communicated to or from the cylindrical body. 
     
    
     
       DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0005]    The foregoing aspects and many of the attendant advantages of this invention will become more readily appreciated as the same become better understood by reference to the following detailed description, when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein: 
           [0006]      FIG. 1A  is a pictorial diagram illustrating an archetypical exsiccate device in a marine environment; 
           [0007]      FIG. 1B  is a pictorial diagram illustrating an archetypical exsiccate device in an automotive environment; 
           [0008]      FIG. 2  is an assembled, isometric view of an archetypical exsiccate device; 
           [0009]      FIG. 3  is an exploded, isometric view of an archetypical exsiccate device; 
           [0010]      FIG. 4  is a front view illustrating a cross-section of an archetypical exsiccate device; 
           [0011]      FIG. 5  is an assembled isometric view of an archetypical exsiccate device; and 
           [0012]      FIG. 6  is a pictorial diagram illustrating an archetypical exsiccate device in a marine environment. 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION 
       [0013]    To prevent damage to fuel tanks, fuel lines, and engines in various environments, such as a marine environment or automotive environment, various embodiments of the present subject matter reduce or eliminate moisture from the air entering the fuel tank. Other embodiments reduce or remove water from the fuel tank. In various embodiments, an archetypical exsiccate device is interposed between vent lines, which provide openings for the communication of air for the relief of pressure inside the fuel tank. The exsiccate device reduces the water, thereby inhibiting rust, formation of ice, or bacterial growth, which may affect engine performance. 
         [0014]      FIG. 1A  is a pictorial diagram illustrating a stern of a boat  100 . This illustration suggests the use of an exsiccate device in a marine environment. Attached to the boat&#39;s stern is an outboard motor, which is a small internal combustion engine with propeller integrally attached for mounting at the stern of the boat  100 . As would be appreciated by one skilled in the art, various embodiments of the subject matter may be used in connection with engine setups in addition to the outboard motor as illustrated at  FIG. 1A . A fuel tank  102 , which is typically a large receptacle for holding or storing fuel, is disposed within proximity to the outboard motor. So as to equalize the pressure inside the fuel tank  102 , tubes  104   a,    104   b  couple the fuel tank  102  to an air vent (not shown). Interposed between the two tubes  104   a,    104   b  is an exsiccate device  106   a,  which is mounted to the stern of the boat via a fastener  500   a,  which mates with its mechanical part  500   b  to fasten. 
         [0015]      FIG. 1B  illustrates a motorcycle  108 . This illustration suggests the use of an exsiccate device in an automotive environment. A fuel tank  112  contains fuel, which is a volatile material used to produce power by burning. The fuel tank  112  is superjacently disposed to an engine block, which is a machine for receiving the fuel and converting it into mechanical force and resultant motion. As would be appreciated by one skilled in the art, various embodiments of the subject matter may be used in connection with engine setups in addition to the engine as illustrated at  FIG. 1B . To equalize the pressure inside the fuel tank  112 , tubes  110   a,    110   b  couple the fuel tank  112  to an air vent (not shown). An exsiccate device  106   b  is interposed between the tubes  110   a,    110   b  to remove moisture from the fuel tank  112 . A fastener  502   a  grips the exsiccate device  106   b,  which mates with a mechanical part  502   b  to fasten. 
         [0016]      FIG. 2  illustrates an archetypical exsiccate device, such as the exsiccate device  106   a,  in greater detail. The exsiccate device  106   a  suitably includes a body  200  that has a suitable shape to contain exsiccate beads  202 . Any suitable exsiccate beads  202  may be used. One suitable type of exsiccate beads  202  includes indicating silica gel, which turns bluish when substantially dry and pinkish when substantially adsorbed with water. The pinkish silica gel can be oven-dried for reuse. One suitable shape of the body  200  includes a cylindrical body, but other suitable shapes may be used. Suitably, the body  200  is formed from a see-through material, such as transparent acrylic. Caps  204   a,    204   b  are fittings for enclosing terminals of the body  200 . Suitably, the caps  204   a,    204   b  are formed from a suitable elastic material, such as rubber. To secure the caps  204   a,    204   b  to the terminals of the body  200 , snares  206   a,    206   b,  which comprise a perforated flat wire loop that finishes with a catch that suitably nooses around the periphery of the caps  204   a,    204   b  to fasten the caps  204   a,    204   b  to the terminals of the body  200 . 
         [0017]    At the end of each cap  204   a,    204   b,  a washer  208   a,    208   b  (not shown), which is a flat thin ring used to ensure tightness, is disposed. Superjacent or subjacent to the washers  208   a,    208   b  are spout structures  210   a,    210   b,  which comprise three portions. The distal portion is a cylinder whose external wall comprises a series of projections that obliquely incline away from the wall and away from the terminal of the distal end so as to form annular barb-like projections. The second portion is suitably shaped like a hexagonal nut that is disposed next to washer  208   a,    208   b  (not shown). The external wall of the proximal end of the structure  210   a,    210   b  disposes a projecting helical rib by which another mechanical part can be screwed to stay the spout structure  210   a,    210   b  to the cap  204   a,    204   b.    
         [0018]      FIG. 3  illustrates portions of the exsiccate device  106   a  in exploded detail. At the top is the snare  206   a,  which comprises a perforated flat wire loop that finishes with a catch that suitably nooses around the periphery of the cap  204   a  to fasten the cap  204   a  to an upper terminal of the body  200 . Suitably, the snare  206   a,    206   b  is formed from a strong and flexible material, such as steel. The cap  204   a,    204   b  suitably can be of any thickness. One suitable thickness includes ¼ inch. Next is the spout structure  210   a  featuring a distal portion (a cylinder whose external wall comprises a series of projections that obliquely incline away from the wall and away from the terminal of the distal end so as to form annular barb-like projections) that sits atop the hexagonal nut (the second portion) that is disposed next to washer  208   a,  and which finishes with the projecting helical rib (the proximal portion) by which a nut  214   a  can be screwed to stay the spout structure  210   a  to the cap  204   a.  A screen  212   a  is disposed under and in an internal wall of the proximal portion of the spout structure  210 . The screen  212   a  is configured to confine the exsiccate beads  202   a  in the body  200 . The amount of exsiccate beads  202   a  may vary depending on the volumetric capacity of the fuel tank. Next is the washer  208   a,  which is axially positioned over a hole in the center of the cap  204   a.  The hole allows fluid, liquid or gas, to be communicated to and from the exsiccate device  106   a.  Although not shown for brevity purposes, the bottom terminal of the body  200  is coupled to corresponding parts, such as the snare  206   b,  the cap  204   b,  the spout structure  210   b,  the washer  208   b,  a screen  212   b,  and so on. 
         [0019]      FIG. 4  is a cross-section of the assembled exsiccate device  106   a.  This view illustrates the fitting together of parts. The body  200  is filled with exsiccate beads  202 . The body  200  suitably can be of any thickness. One suitable thickness includes ¼ inch. Enclosing both upper and lower terminals are the caps  204   a,    204   b.  Securing the caps  204   a,    204   b  to the upper and lower terminals are the snares  206   a,    206   b.  Mating with the holes at the centers of the caps  204   a,    204   b  are the proximal portions of the spout structures  210   a,    210   b.  The convex surface of the screens  212   a,    212   b  is disposed into the proximal portions of the spout structures  210   a,    210   b.  The nuts  214   a,    214   b  have complementary projecting helical ribs that can be screwed together with the projecting helical ribs of the proximal portions of the spout structures  210   a,    210   b  to secure the spout structures  210   a,    210   b  to the caps  204   a,    204   b.  The washers  208   a,    208   b  interpose between the second portion of the spout structures  210   a,    210   b  and the caps  204   a,    204   b.    
         [0020]      FIG. 5  illustrates the fastener  500   a,  which is configured in two portions. The first portion is a C-shaped clamp whose ends terminate in hooks. The second portion is a handle, which can be screwed to a wall. The mechanical part  500   b  is a curved bar whose distal and proximal ends have rectangular openings through which the hooks of the C-shaped clamp of the fastener  500   a  may engage to secure the exsiccate device  106   a.  As would be appreciated by one with ordinary skill in the art, other suitable fastener mechanisms may be used to secure the exsiccate device  106   a  besides the one illustrated here. 
         [0021]    Because various embodiments of the present subject matter operate on an adsorption principle, the placement of the exsiccate device  106   a  is unlikely to drip water back into the fuel tank because the water molecules are bonded to the surface of the exsiccate beads  202 . Moreover, given the molecular bonds, the water molecules are unlikely to freeze or expand to cause damage to the fastener  500   a  or other parts of a boat or a motor vehicle. 
         [0022]      FIG. 6  illustrates two fuel tanks  600   a,    600   b.  Interposed between the two fuel tanks  600   a,    600   b  is another embodiment of the exsiccate device  106   c,  which are in fluid communication with the two fuel tanks  600   a,    600   b  via tubes  602   a,    602   b.  The exsiccate device  106   c  is secured via the fastener  504   a  and its mating mechanical part  504   b.  In embodiments where water has converted from the vapor state to the denser liquid state that mixes with the fuel in a fuel tank, such as the fuel tank  600   a,  the fuel from the fuel tank  600   a  can be communicated to the fuel tank  600   b  to allow the exsiccate device  106   c  to remove the condensed water from the fuel. In those embodiments, suitably, the exsiccate beads are molecular sieves. 
         [0023]    Molecular sieves are suitably selected from a group consisting of transition metal aluminosilicates with a substantially uniform pore crystalline structure. Suitably, the molecular sieves operate on a size exclusion principle. Smaller sized molecules that fit into the pores are adsorped while larger molecules are passed through. Molecular sieves suitably have substantial pore openings selected from a group consisting of three, four, five, or ten Angstroms. Polarity of the molecules affects adsorption since highly polarized molecules are likely to be adsorbed more readily into the pores, whereas non-polarized molecules are not as readily adsorped. 
         [0024]    While illustrative embodiments have been illustrated and described, it will be appreciated that various changes can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.