Abstract:
This invention relates to a mechanical oil recovery method and system with a sucker-rod pump. The method calculates the lowest power loss or the lowest cost. The method comprises sequentially arranging internal diameter, steel grade of rod, pump diameter, pumping depth and stroke amplitude, searching the combinations of rods to calculate pump efficiency and the number of strokes, on the basis of P input =P active −P expansion +P loss , and calculating, corresponding to the input power P input , active power P active , expansion power P peng , ground power loss P d , sliding power loss Ph and viscose power loss P v  and the sum of losses P loss . The mechanical oil-recovering cost is then calculated for each combination, and each mechanical oil-recovering parameter is chosen.

Description:
TECHNICAL FIELD 
     This invention relates to the technical field of oil production, more specifically, to a method and a machinery system of mechanical oil production with a sucker-rod pump. 
     BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 
     During production of oil well with a rod pump, the expense of energy consumption forms a large part of the variable cost with the price of electricity increasing, its proportion has been more than 12%. The average efficiency of machinery system of oil production is an important index, which represents the level of mechanical oil production, and in “Eighth five year plan” period of our country the average efficiency was 24%. This means a large amount of energy wasted in lifting process. If the efficiency of the machinery system of oil production is increased from 20.4% to 30%, 16 million yuan electrical expense could be saved every year only in a small oil field of Jiangsu province in China, while the service lives of beam units, rods, pumps, and tubes could be prolonged, and the period of well without maintenance and the period of wax removal and inhabitation could be prolonged, then technology guarantee could be provided for reasonable development of oil reservoir. As a result the technology to raise the efficiency of machinery system of oil production has a prospect of wide applications. In the end of 1960&#39;s in U.S. a lot of research works were done to this subject, and in 1984 the research achievements had been applied to 1065 wells in California so that the average efficiency of machinery system of oil production had reached 29.4%. In our country in the beginning of 1980&#39; Daqing oil field began to carry out the research about this problem, and the achievements had been applied to 69 wells in Daqing oil field so that the average efficiency of the machinery system of oil production had reached 28.7%. 
     In recent years since the research works are continuously deepened and the management is further detailed, the efficiency of machinery of oil production is continuously raised, but these jobs are mainly focused on innovating of the mechanism and lifting efficiency of the pump. An oil production is determined mainly according to API standard and “Principle of oil production technology” as a criterion, but these criterions have some weaknesses since they do not mean at minimum of the energy consumption, also do not mean at minimum of mechanism wearing, and only they meet need of the output and requirements of the strength as basic points. 
     For example the principle of selecting the pump according to “Principle of oil production technology” is that, under the condition of meeting the requirement of daily output the pump diameter is selected as smaller as possible based on the selected beam pumping unit, daily liquid output, and pump setting depth, without considering the influences of physical properties of crude oil and borehole deviation. The principle of selecting the pump based on API standard is that, in various pump diameters, the selected pump diameter is what makes the polished rod power minimum when lifting pure water, without considering the influences of physical properties of crude oil and borehole deviation; also in regard to the principle of determining submergence depth, i.e. when gas oil ratio is less than 80 m 3 /m 3 , submergence depth is requested at a range of 50 m-200 m. In fact, if the submergence depth is determined according to this request, the efficiency of pump is generally low. The all principles mentioned above could not make a comparison between economic benefits corresponding to using different tube diameters, different steel rod grades, and also could not determine the mechanical oil production cost corresponding to different parameters combinations of machinery system of oil production. The main reason is that, there are no theoretical formula of calculating input power of the machinery system for various dynamic and static parameters in a well producing with a sucker rod, and there is not scientific and reasonable method to select the way of oil production. 
     Different combinations of production parameters can be used for producing the same daily output in one particular well, however the costs for different parameter combinations are different. Because there is no theoretical formula showing the function relationship between the input power of machinery system of oil production with a rod pump and oil well dynamic and static parameters, when the parameters of the machinery system of oil production are designed for an oil well in which a sucker-rod pump is used, neither oil tube diameter nor steel rod grade can be determined; and no energy consuming and mechanical wearing corresponding to different parameter combinations can be predicted either. It is difficult to define the optimal parameter combination such as tube diameter, steel rod grades, pump diameter, pump setting, rod diameter, stroke, and pumping speed. Not only dependent on liquid production, water cut, gas oil ratio(GOR), and dynamic fluid level, since other physical properties of crude oil, physical properties of oil layer, and borehole deviation of different oil reservoirs, different oil layers, and different oil wells are individually different, these factors will in more or less influence energy consuming and machinery wearing of machinery system of oil production either. Therefore, although well A and B have the same daily liquid production, dynamic fluid level, water cut, and gas oil ratio, there is still a possibility that the efficiency in well A is high but in well B can be very low by using the same parameter combination. As a result there exists neither a mature technology with broad adaptability, nor such oil production method and system with principles of minimum power consumption or optimal comprehensive economic benefits for the same daily liquid production. 
     Therefore, the object of the present invention is to overcome the shortcoming of the prior art, and to provide a method and a machinery system of oil production with a sucker-rod pump which makes various power losses in oil production significantly reduced and the oil production cost decreased. 
     SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION 
     the present invention provides a method of oil production with a sucker-rod pump, comprising: 
     (a) predicting the objective daily liquid production, water cut, and dynamic fluid level of an oil well; 
     (b) measuring the viscosity of degasified crude oil on the ground and wax precipitation temperature of crude oil; 
     (c) acquiring physical parameters of the crude oil of the oil well in formation conditions and the parameters of borehole deviation; 
     (d) measuring the temperature in the middle of the oil zone and the temperature on the surface of the earth; 
     (e) selecting the type of beam unit; 
     (f) preliminary determining all ranges of tube diameters, diameters of deep well pump, setting depths of pump, material types of sucker-rod and rod string , strokes of the selected beam unit, pumping speeds of the beam unit; 
     (g) finding out all of combinations of different pump diameters, pump setting depths, tube diameters, rod material types, rod strings, strokes, and pumping speeds, which can achieve the same daily liquid production in the well, then calculating out input power P input  of respectively corresponding to each parameter combination according to following formula: 
     
       
         
           P 
           input 
           =P 
           active 
           −P 
           expansion 
           +ΣP 
           loss 
         
       
     
      where: 
     P active  is active power (W); 
     P expansion  is expansion power (W) caused by crude oil degasifying in tube above the pump standing valve; 
     ΣP loss  is total loss power; 
     (h) taking the combination of parameters corresponding to minimum P input  as the system parameters of mechanical oil production, or taking the one corresponding to minimum cost of mechanical oil production as the system parameters of mechanical oil production; 
     (i) deciding oil tube material type and length based on tube diameter and pump depth, deciding the specification of the deep well pump by pump diameter and maximum stroke of the beam pumping unit, and deciding specification and length of required each type of the sucker-rod by material type and rod string; 
     (j) deciding the type of the motor coupled with the beam pumping unit by defined pumping speed and system input power so that the oil production system can be established by the special beam pumping unit, the motor, the oil tubes, the sucker-rods, and the deep well pump. 
     Abovementioned physical parameters of formation crude oil in an oil well include gas oil ratio, saturation pressure, solution coefficient, formation crude oil viscosity, and formation crude oil density. 
     In order to decide the range of pump setting depth following method can be used: when fluid pressure is larger than or equal to saturation pressure, the pump setting begins from dynamic fluid level, then based on interval step length, sequencing depth is in turn deepened until pump intake pressure is equal to saturation pressure; when fluid pressure is lower than saturation pressure, the pump setting begins from dynamic fluid level, then based on interval step length, sequencing depth is in turn deepened until to top of an oil layer. 
     The present invention also provides a system of mechanical oil production with a sucker-rod pump, which includes a beam pumping unit, a motor, an oil pumping tube, a kind of sucker-rod combination and a deep well pump; said motor being fitted on the beam pumping unit and driving the latter, the sucker-rod being positioned in said oil pumping tube, said beam pumping unit being connected with the sucker-rod by a jointer, and the sucker-rod being conjoined with the plunger of the deep well pump submerged under the liquid level, the operating cylinder of the deep well pump being connected with said oil pumping tube; wherein structure parameters of individual components in the system are selected as follows: (a) selecting the type of the beam pumping unit based on objective daily liquid production, water content ratio, and dynamic fluid level of the oil well; (b) preliminary determining all ranges of tube diameters, tube length, diameters of the deep well pump, setting depths of the deep well pump, material types of the sucker-rod, rod string, strokes of selected beam unit, and pumping speeds of the beam pumping unit; (c) finding out all of combinations of different pump diameters, pump depths, tube diameters, rod material types, rod string, strokes, and pumping speeds, then calculating out input power P input  respectively corresponding to each parameter combination according to the formula listed below: 
     
       
         
           P 
           input 
           =P 
           active 
           −P 
           expansion 
           +ΣP 
           loss 
         
       
     
     where: 
     P active  is active power (W); 
     P expansion  is expansion power (W) caused by crude oil degasifying in oil tube above the pump standing valve; 
     P loss  is total loss power 
     (d) deciding oil tube specification and length based on tube diameter and pump depth, deciding the specification of the deep well pump based on pump diameter and maximum stroke of the beam pumping unit, and deciding specification and length of required each type of the sucker-rod based on material type and rod string; 
     (e) taking the parameter combination corresponding to minimum P input  as the parameters of the machinery of system oil production, or taking the one corresponding to minimum cost of mechanical oil production as the parameters of the machinery system of oil production to be defined; 
     (f) deciding the type of the motor coupled with the beam pumping unit by defined pumping speed and system input power so that the oil production system can be established by the special beam pumping unit, the motor, the oil tubes, the sucker-rods, the deep well pump. 
     The system and the method of present invention will be described in detail below with the reference of the accompanying drawing which is schematic view of a machinery system of oil production with a sucker-rod pump. 
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
     As shown in the drawing, the system of mechanical oil production with a sucker-rod pump generally is indicated by numeral  1 , including a beam pumping unit  2 , a motor  11 , an oil pumping tube  8 , a sucker-rod  18 , and a deep well pump  5 . The motor is fitted on the beam pumping unit  2  and driving the latter by a reducer gear  9  and a four bar linkage  10 . The stroke of the beam pumping unit  2  is determined by the coupling between the four bar linkage  10  and stroke hole  20 . The sucker-rod is positioned in said oil pumping tube  8 . The beam pumping unit  2  is connected with the first stage sucker-rod by the jointer  3 . And the last stage sucker-rod  19  is connected with the plunger  12  of the deep well pump  5  submerged under the liquid level in the sleeve  6  at the area of traveling vale  15 . As shown in the drawing, where the dash line stands for liquid, H 1  indicates the distance form ground to middle of an oil layer, H 2  indicates the pump setting depth, H 3  indicates the depth of dynamic fluid level, numeral  17  stands for an oil layer. The operating cylinder  14  of the deep well pump is connected with said oil pumping tube  8 , and one standing vale  16  is provided at the bottom of operating cylinder  14 . Wherein the structure parameters of various components in the system can selected as follows: (a) selecting the type of the beam pumping unit  2  based on objective liquid production, water content ratio, and dynamic fluid level of the oil well; (b) preliminary determining all ranges of tube diameters, tube lengths, diameters of the deep well pump  5 , setting depth of the deep well pump, material types of the sucker-rod  7 , strings, strokes of the selected beam unit, and pumping speeds of the beam unit; (c)finding out all of combinations of different pump diameters, pump depths, tube diameters, rod material types, strings, strokes, and pumping speeds, which can achieve the same objective daily liquid production, then calculating out input power P input  respectively corresponding to each parameter combination according to the formula listed below: 
     
       
         
           P 
           input 
           =P 
           active 
           −P 
           expansion 
           +ΣP 
           loss 
         
       
     
     where: 
     P active  is active power (W); 
     P expansion  is expansion power (W) caused by crude oil degasifying in oil tube above the pump standing valve; 
     P loss  is total loss power 
     (d) taking the combination of parameters corresponding to minimum P input  as the system parameters of machinery system of oil production, or taking the one corresponding to minimum cost of mechanical oil production as the parameters of machinery oil production; 
     (e) deciding oil tube material type and length by tube diameter and pump depth, deciding the specification of the deep well pump based on pump diameter and maximum stroke of the beam pumping unit, and deciding specification and length of required each type of the sucker-rod based on material type and rod string; 
     (f) deciding the type of the motor coupled with the beam pumping unit by defined pumping speed and system input power so that the oil production system can be established by the special beam pumping unit, the motor, the oil tubes, the sucker-rod, and the deep well pump. 
     The steps of determining total loss power ΣP loss  are as follows: 
       ΣP   loss   =P   u   +P   r   +P   k   
     where: 
     P u  is loss power(W) of the ground beam unit and the motor; 
     P r  is viscous loss power(W) caused by friction occurred among oil tube liquid positioned above the pump cylinder and the oil tube , the sucker-rod; 
     P k  is sliding loss power(W) caused by friction occurred between the sucker-rod and the oil tube and caused by friction occurred between the piston and the pump cylinder during the sucker-rod is reciprocated. 
     The steps of determining the expansion power P expansion  are as follows: 
     A: when P sub ≧P b  and P wellhead &lt;P b           P   expansion     =           10   5        α                   Q   oil          P   b       86400        ln            10        P   b       +   1         10        P   wellhead       +   1                                
     B: when P sub ≧P b  and P wellhead ≧P b  P expansion =0 
     C: when P sub &lt;P b  and P sub &gt;P wellhead   
     
       
           P   expansion =10 5   αQ   oil   P   sub /86400 ln 10 P   sub +1/10 P   wellhead +1 
       
     
     D: when P sub &lt;P b  and P wellhead &gt;P sub  P expansion =0 
      where: 
     P expansion : expansion power (W) 
     P sub : pump intake pressure (Mpa) 
     P b : crude oil saturation pressure (Mpa) 
     P wellhead : wellhead oil pressure (Mpa) 
     α: solution coefficient (m 3 /m 3  Mpa) 
     Q oil : daily crude oil output (m 3 /d). 
     The ground loss power P u  is decided by following equation: 
     
       
           P   u   =P   d   +k   2 ( F   up   +F   down )· s·n+k   2 (F up   −F   down ) ·s·n   
       
     
     where: 
     P d : motor power (w) without load 
     F up : average load of polished rod in up stroke (N) 
     F down : average load of polished rod in down stroke (N) 
     k 1 : influence coefficient of polished rod transmission power on P u    
     k 2 : influence coefficient of polished rod power on P u    
     s: stroke (m/each time) 
     n: pumping speed (times/s) 
     The sliding loss power P k  is as follows: 
     
       
           P   k =2 f   k   ·q   rod   ·L   level   ·s·n   
       
     
     where: 
     f k : sliding friction coefficient between the rod and the tube, 
     
       
           f   k =0.05≈0.18 
       
     
     q rod : average unit length weight of the rod in the inclination section (N/M) 
     L level : horizontal projection track length of the rod of inclination section (m) 
     The viscous loss power P r  is decided according to following equation: 
     
       
           P   r   =k   3 π 3   s   2   n   2 {( m   2 −1)/└( m   2 +1)ln m −( m   2 −1)┘}Σμ i   L   i   
       
     
     
       
         Σμ i   L   i   =k   4 μ o ( T   layer   −T   wax )+ k   5 μ o   Q   oil ( T   wax   −T   wellhead )+ k   6 μ o (− f   w   2 +1.2 f   w )+ C   
       
     
     
       
           T   wellhead   =k   7   Q   1 ( T   layer   −T   ground )+ k   2   Q   1   H   dyn   +k   3   P   expansion   +C   2   
       
     
     
       
           Q   1   =Q +( C   w   /C   o −1) QF   w   
       
     
     where: 
     T wellhead : wellhead oil temperature in crude oil lifting process (°C.) 
     T layer : reservoir temperature (°C.) 
     T wax : crude oil wax precipitation temperature (°C.) 
     Q oil : oil well daily crude oil output (m 3 /d) 
     Q: daily liquid production (m 3 /d) 
     μ o : degasified crude oil viscosity (mpa. s) 
     μ i : crude oil viscosity at ith segment of the oil tube in crude oil lifting process (mpa. s) 
     L i : ith segment oil tube length 
     m: the ratio of oil tube inside diameter to sucker-rod diameter 
     k 3 : sucker-rod collar coefficient 
     k 4 ,k 5 ,k 6 : measured coefficients 
     C, C 2 : measured constants 
     C w : water specific heat (J/Kg) 
     C o : oil specific heat (J/Kg) 
     Base on following equation the total loss power ΣP loss  is calculated: 
     
       
           ΣP   loss   =P   d +[( F   up   +F   down ) k   1 +( F   up   −F   down ) k   2   ]sn+k   3 π 3   s   2   n   2 {( m   2 −1)/[( m   2 +1)ln m −( m   2 −1)]}*Σμ i   L   i +2 f   k   q   rod   L   level   sn   
       
     
     If the calculation formula of oil production technology principle        Q   =       1   4        π                   D   pump   2        sn                 η                 86400                            
     is substituted into above equation, then total loss power ΣP loss  can be further calculated by following equation: 
     
       
           ΣP   loss   =P   d +[( F   up   +F   down ) k   1 +( F   up   −F   down ) k   2 ] 
       
     
     
       
           4   Q/πρD   pump   2 η86400 
       
     
     
       
         +k 3 24π{( m   2 −1)/[( m   2 +1)ln m −( m   2 −1)]}*Σ(μ i   L   
       
     
     
       
         i)* Q   2 /ρ 2   D   pump   4 η 2 86400 2   
       
     
     
       
         + 8   f   k   q   rod   L   level   Q/πρD   pump   2 η86400 
       
     
     where: 
     D pump : deep well pump plunger diameter (mm) 
     η: pump efficiency. 
     Individual parameters of mechanical oil production of each combination and corresponding effect parameters of the present invention are: tube diameter, steel rod grades, pump diameter, pump setting depth, stroke, pumping speed, pump efficiency, active power, input power, system efficiency, and annual cost. 
     The cost of annual mechanical oil production includes: electrical expense of relevant year, the value of mechanical wearing of the relevant year being calculated based on the prices of the oil tube, the sucker-rod, and the pump; and annual interest of all initial investment. 
     The effects of the present invention are as follows: the shortcomings existed in API standard and “Principle of oil production technology” criterion have been overcome, and oil production depend on the principles of minimum energy consumption and/or minimum cost has been realized. Since the main factors influenced efficiency of the machinery system of oil production are found out through research and the influences of crude oil physical properties and hole deviation are considered, it is possible to make a comparison among the economic benefits corresponding to using different tube diameters and different steel rod grades, and to determine the costs of mechanical oil production corresponding to different parameter combinations of mechanical oil production so that the oil production system can be scientifically and reasonably defined. The efficiency of mechanical oil production system will be raised greatly by way of the present invention, generally reached 40-65%, and the period without well maintenance will be prolonged significantly. 
     The comparison effects of the present invention will be obvious via following measured data of three oil wells: 
     The table 1 is parameters of an example; 
     The table 2 is the comparison table by respectively using the present invention and the principle of oil production technology and API methods in the well A; wherein GLZD stands for the method of the present invention. 
     The table 3 is the error table between measured values and calculated results of the present invention in the well A; 
     The table 4 is the comparison table among the present invention and the principle of oil production technology and API methods in the well B; 
     The table 5 is the error table between measured values and calculated results of the present invention in the well b; 
     The table 6 is the comparison table among the present invention and the principle of oil production technology and API methods in the well C; 
     The table 7 is the error table between measured values and calculated results of the present invention in the well C; 
     An example of the present invention is described as follows: 
     The basic data of the oil well of the example are listed as below: 
     
       
         
               
               
               
             
           
               
                   
                   
               
             
             
               
                   
                 daily liquid production (t/d): 
                 19.6 
               
               
                   
                 dynamic fluid level (m): 
                 871.20 
               
               
                   
                 kick off point (m): 
                 650.00 
               
               
                   
                 motor model: 
                 CJT-10a 
               
               
                   
                 type of beam pumping unit: 
                 CYJ8 
               
               
                   
                 crude oil saturation pressure (Mpa): 
                 3.82 
               
               
                   
                 casinghead pressure (Mpa): 
                 0.00 
               
               
                   
                 reservoir temperature (° C.): 
                 68.00 
               
               
                   
                 crude oil wax precipitation temperature (° C.): 
                 40.00 
               
               
                   
                 crude oil solidifying point (° C.): 
                 35.00 
               
               
                   
                 50° C. degasified crude oil viscosity (cp): 
                 27.70 
               
               
                   
                 formation crude oil viscosity (cp): 
                 9.39 
               
               
                   
                 gas oil ratio: 
                 19.00 
               
               
                   
                 crude oil density (g/cm 3 ): 
                 0.8600 
               
               
                   
                 motor power without load (kW): 
                 1.00 
               
               
                   
                 combination of stroke (m): 
                 3/2.40/1.80 
               
               
                   
                 oil layer middle depth (m): 
                 1504.10 
               
               
                   
                 oil wellhead pressure (Mpa): 
                 0.80 
               
               
                   
                 solution coefficient (m 3 /m 3   · Mpa): 
                 4.2450 
               
               
                   
                 water content ratio (%): 
                 0.00 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
     Then the parameters of different combinations are worked out by looking up the related tables. 
     Then tube diameter (which can be preselected), rod material type, and pump diameter are defined, and pump setting depth is selected based on 1 m˜100 m step length in turn increasing the depth (in this embodiment of the present invention step length is 30 m). When fluid pressure is larger than or equal to saturation pressure, the pump setting begins from dynamic fluid level, then the depth is increased in sequence until fluid pressure is equal to saturation pressure. When fluid pressure is lower than saturation pressure, the pump setting begins from dynamic fluid level, then the depth is increased in sequence until to top of an oil layer. After pump setting depth has been selected, then stroke, pumping speed, rod string, and pump efficiency are reckoned. 
     Next the data found-out and calculated are one by one arranged in combinations, i.e. at first tube diameters are arranged in sequential series based on inside diameters. If tube diameter is equal, steel rod grades are arranged in sequential series based on magnitude of strength. If steel rod grades are the same, pump diameters are arranged in sequential series based on size, and so on and so forth, depend on magnitude of pump setting depth. Different strokes are arranged in sequential series based on length, then above parameters are combined one after another. Finally the rod string, pump efficiency, and pumping speed of various parameter combinations are found out. 
     In the light of oil well basic data and above-mentioned various combination data, and based on P input =P active −P expansion +ΣP loss , the input power Pinput corresponding to each parameter combination of mechanical oil production is calculated, wherein P active  is active power (W), equal to secondly liquid production×effective lifting height, P expansion  is expansion power (W) caused by crude oil degasifying in oil tube above the pump standing valve, the steps of determining the expansion power P expansion  are as follows: 
     A: when P sub ≧P b  and P wellhead &lt;P b           P   expansion     =           10   5        α                   Q   oil          P   b       86400        ln            10        P   b       +   1         10        P   wellhead       +   1                                
     B: when P sub ≧P b  and P wellhead ≧P b  P expansion =0 
     C: when P sub &lt;P b  and P sub &gt;P wellhead           P   expansion     =           10   5        α                   Q   oil          P   sub       86400        ln            10        P   sub       +   1         10        P   wellhead       +   1                                
     D: when P sub &lt;P b  and P wellhead &gt;P sub  P expansion =0 
      where: 
     P expansion : expansion power (W) 
     P sub : pump intake pressure (Mpa) 
     P b : crude oil saturation pressure (Mpa) 
     P wellhead : wellhead oil pressure (Mpa) 
     α: solution coefficient (m 3 /m 3 Mpa) 
     Q oil : daily crude oil output (m 3 /d). 
     ΣP loss  is total loss power, and equal to ΣP loss =P u +P r +P k , P u  is loss power of the ground beam pumping unit and the motor(W); P k  is sliding loss power caused by friction occurred between the sucker-rod and the oil tube during the sucker-rod is reciprocated(W). Pr is viscous loss power (W) caused by friction occurred between liquid in oil tube above the pump cylinder and the oil tube as well as between the liquid and the sucker-rod. 
     They can be decided by following formulas: 
     The loss power of ground P u : 
     
       
           P   u   =P   d +( F   up   +F   down ) snk   1   +k   2 ( F   up   −F   down ) snk   2   
       
     
     where: 
     P d : motor power (w) without load 
     F up : up stroke, average load of polished rod (N) 
     F down : average load of polished rod (N) during down stroke 
     s: stroke (m/each time) 
     n: pumping speed (times/s) 
     k 1 : measured structure coefficient of the beam pumping unit, e.g. being taken as 0.03 
     k 2 : measured driving coefficient of the motor to the belt, e.g. being taken as 0.15. 
     The sliding loss power P k : 
     
       
           P   k =2 f   k   q   rod   L   level   sn   
       
     
     where: 
     f k : sliding friction coefficient between the rod and the tube, e.g. being taken as 0.1 
     q rod : average unit length weight of the rod in inclination section (N/m) 
     L level : horizontal projection track length of the rod of inclination section (m). 
     The viscous loss power:                P   r     =                  k   3          π   3          s   2          n   2              m   2     -   1           (       m   2     +   1     )        ln                 m     -     (       m   2     -   1     )              Σμ   i          L   i                       Σμ   i          L   i       =                    k   4            μ   o          (       T   layer     -     T   wax       )         +       k   5          μ   o            Q   oil          (       T   wax     -     T   wellhead       )         +                                  k   6            μ   o          (       -     f   w   2       +     1.2                   f   w         )         +   C                                  
     where: 
     T wellhead : wellhead oil temperature in crude oil lifting process (°C.) 
     T layer : reservoir temperature (°C.) 
     T wax : crude oil wax precipitation temperature (°C.) 
     Q oil : oil well daily crude oil output (m 3 /d) 
     μ o : crude oil viscosity (mpa. s) 
     μ i : crude oil viscosity at ith segment of the oil tube in crude oil lifting process (mpa. s) 
     L i : ith segment oil tube length 
     m: the ratio of oil tube inside diameter to sucker-rod diameter 
     k 3 : sucker-rod collar coefficient 
     k 4 ,k 5 ,k 6 : measured coefficient 
     C,: measured constant 
     It can be obviously seen through calculation and all combinations of the present embodiment that various tube diameters, various steel rod grades, various pump diameters and various pump settings (corresponding to rational rod combinations), various strokes, and various pumping speeds are combined one by one, then each combination leads to one efficiency of machinery system of oil production, i.e. corresponds to one of energy consumption and one of input investment and wearing of the tubes, the rods, and the pumps. The input powers corresponding to each parameter combination of mechanical oil production are calculated respectively by the formulas, also relevant costs of mechanical oil production too. The cost of annual mechanical oil production can include: relevant annual electrical expense, the relevant annual mechanical wearing and maintenance expenses based on the prices of the oil tube, the sucker-rod, and the pump, as well as investment interests etc. Individual parameters of mechanical oil production of each combination, such as tube diameters, steel rod grades, pump diameters, pump setting depths, strokes, pumping speeds, pump efficiencies, active powers, input powers, system efficiencies, and annual costs etc. are listed in the tables, then the combination in the table with minimum cost is directly selected as the parameters of mechanical oil production, i.e. the combination with minimum cost is obtained. By the same token, the tube diameter, tube length, steel rod grades, pump diameter, pump setting depth, rod string, stroke, and pumping speed of corresponded combination also can be selected based on minimum input power. 
     The calculating results of the present invention embodiment are listed in the Table 1, therefore from the column of “input power” or “annual cost” in the Table the minimum value can be directly selected, the individual parameters in the relevant row corresponding to the minimum value are the design parameters of mechanical oil production of the well. In the present embodiment, selected parameters are as follows: beam pumping unit model: CYJ8-3-37HB, motor type: 12 pole 15 Kw, oil tube inside diameter: 62 mm, sucker-rod steel grade: E, pump diameter: 56 mm, pump setting: 1321 m, stroke: 3 m, pumping speed: 3 times/minute, rod combination: ⅝ inch×1321 m. 
     For the sake of convenience, the total loss power ΣP loss  of the present invention also can be calculated base on following equation:                Σ                   P   loss       =                  P   d     +     [         (       F   up     +     F   down       )          k   1       +       (       F   up     -     F   down       )          k   2         ]                                sn   +       k   3          π   3          Σμ   i          L   i              m   2     -   1           (       m   2     +   1     )        ln                 m     -     (       m   2     -   1     )              s   2          n   2       +                              2        f   k          q   rod          L   level        sn                                  
     If the calculation formula of oil production technology principle        Q   =       1   4        π                   D   pump   2        sn                 η                 86400                            
     is substituted into above equation, then total loss power ΣP loss  also can be calculated by following equation:                Σ                   P   loss       =                  P   d     +     [         (       F   up     +     F   down       )          k   1       +       (       F   up     -     F   down       )          k   2         ]                                    4      Q       πρ                   D   pump   2        η                 86400       +                                k   3        24        πΣ        (       μ   i          L   i       )                  m   2     -   1           (       m   2     +   1     )        ln                 m     -     (       m   2     -   1     )         ·                                    Q   2         ρ   2          D   pump   4          η   2          86400                2           +       8        f   k          q   rod          L   level        Q       πρ                   D   pump   2        η                 86400                                      
     where: 
     D pump : pump plunger diameter (mm) in deep well 
     η: pump efficiency. 
     Obviously, some of the modifications and variations of the present invention are easy to do for those skilled in the art. Therefore it is intended that these modifications and variations are also within the scope of the present invention which is stated in the accompanying claims. 
     The Calculating Results of the Examples 
     
       
         
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE 1 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 pump 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 static 
               
               
                 Oil tube 
                 rod 
                 pump 
                 setting 
                   
                 pumping 
                   
                 active 
                 input 
                   
                 annual 
                 25 
                 22 
                 19 
                 16 
                 load 
               
               
                 diameter 
                 dia- 
                 diameter 
                 depth 
                 Stroke 
                 speed 
                 pump 
                 power 
                 power 
                 system 
                 cost 
                 mm 
                 gmm 
                 mm 
                 mm 
                 (10 3   
               
               
                 (mm) 
                 meter 
                 (mm) 
                 (m) 
                 (m) 
                 (times/s) 
                 efficiency 
                 (kW) 
                 (kW) 
                 efficiency 
                 (RMB) 
                 rod 
                 rod 
                 rod 
                 rod 
                 KN) 
               
               
                   
               
             
             
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 62 
                 D 
                 32 
                 901 
                 3 
                 25 
                 0.27 
                 2.15 
                 38.07 
                 0.08 
                 299693 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 901 
                 19 
               
               
                 62 
                 D 
                 32 
                 901 
                 2.4 
                 31 
                 0.26 
                 2.15 
                 39.08 
                 0.05 
                 307328 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 901 
                 19 
               
               
                 62 
                 D 
                 32 
                 901 
                 1.8 
                 43 
                 0.26 
                 2.15 
                 40.85 
                 0.05 
                 320710 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 901 
                 19 
               
               
                 62 
                 D 
                 32 
                 931 
                 3 
                 17 
                 0.39 
                 2.15 
                 19.63 
                 0.11 
                 160666 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 931 
                 20 
               
               
                 62 
                 D 
                 32 
                 931 
                 2.4 
                 21 
                 0.39 
                 2.15 
                 20.11 
                 0.11 
                 164295 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 931 
                 20 
               
               
                 62 
                 D 
                 32 
                 931 
                 1.8 
                 29 
                 0.38 
                 2.15 
                 20.97 
                 0.1 
                 170796 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 931 
                 20 
               
               
                 62 
                 D 
                 32 
                 961 
                 3 
                 13 
                 0.49 
                 2.15 
                 14.09 
                 0.15 
                 119163 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 961 
                 20 
               
               
                 62 
                 D 
                 32 
                 961 
                 2.4 
                 17 
                 0.48 
                 2.15 
                 14.41 
                 0.15 
                 121582 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 961 
                 20 
               
               
                 62 
                 D 
                 32 
                 961 
                 1.8 
                 23 
                 0.47 
                 2.15 
                 14.99 
                 0.14 
                 125967 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 961 
                 20 
               
               
                 62 
                 D 
                 32 
                 991 
                 3 
                 12 
                 0.57 
                 2.15 
                 11.51 
                 0.19 
                 100037 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 991 
                 20 
               
               
                 62 
                 D 
                 32 
                 991 
                 2.4 
                 15 
                 0.66 
                 2.15 
                 11.77 
                 0.18 
                 102003 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 991 
                 20 
               
               
                 62 
                 D 
                 32 
                 991 
                 1.8 
                 20 
                 0.54 
                 2.15 
                 12.22 
                 0.18 
                 105405 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 991 
                 20 
               
               
                 62 
                 D 
                 32 
                 1021 
                 3 
                 11 
                 0.63 
                 2.15 
                 10.04 
                 0.21 
                 89303 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 1021 
                 20 
               
               
                 62 
                 D 
                 32 
                 1021 
                 2.4 
                 13 
                 0.62 
                 2.15 
                 10.26 
                 0.21 
                 90966 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 1021 
                 20 
               
               
                 62 
                 D 
                 32 
                 1021 
                 1.8 
                 18 
                 0.6 
                 2.15 
                 10.64 
                 0.2 
                 93839 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 1021 
                 20 
               
               
                 62 
                 D 
                 32 
                 1051 
                 3 
                 9.7 
                 0.67 
                 2.15 
                 9.09 
                 0.24 
                 82500 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 1051 
                 20 
               
               
                 62 
                 D 
                 32 
                 1051 
                 2.4 
                 12 
                 0.66 
                 2.15 
                 9.28 
                 0.23 
                 83937 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 1051 
                 20 
               
               
                 62 
                 D 
                 32 
                 1051 
                 1.8 
                 17 
                 0.64 
                 2.15 
                 9.62 
                 0.22 
                 86507 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 1051 
                 20 
               
               
                 62 
                 D 
                 32 
                 1081 
                 3 
                 9.2 
                 0.71 
                 2.15 
                 8.42 
                 0.26 
                 77814 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 1081 
                 23 
               
               
                 62 
                 D 
                 32 
                 1081 
                 2.4 
                 12 
                 0.7 
                 2.15 
                 8.8 
                 0.25 
                 79175 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 1081 
                 23 
               
               
                 62 
                 D 
                 32 
                 1081 
                 1.8 
                 16 
                 0.68 
                 2.15 
                 8.01 
                 0.24 
                 81519 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 1081 
                 23 
               
               
                 62 
                 D 
                 32 
                 1111 
                 3 
                 8.8 
                 0.75 
                 2.15 
                 7.92 
                 0.27 
                 74414 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 1111 
                 24 
               
               
                 62 
                 D 
                 32 
                 1111 
                 2.4 
                 11 
                 0.74 
                 2.15 
                 8.08 
                 0.27 
                 75623 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 1111 
                 24 
               
               
                 62 
                 D 
                 32 
                 1111 
                 1.8 
                 15 
                 0.71 
                 2.15 
                 8.37 
                 0.26 
                 77816 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 1111 
                 24 
               
               
                 62 
                 D 
                 32 
                 1141 
                 3 
                 8.4 
                 0.76 
                 2.15 
                 7.51 
                 0.29 
                 71693 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 1141 
                 24 
               
               
                 62 
                 D 
                 32 
                 1141 
                 2.4 
                 11 
                 0.76 
                 2.15 
                 7.67 
                 0.28 
                 72903 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 1141 
                 24 
               
               
                 62 
                 D 
                 32 
                 1141 
                 1.8 
                 15 
                 0.74 
                 2.15 
                 7.95 
                 0.27 
                 75020 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 1141 
                 24 
               
               
                 62 
                 D 
                 32 
                 1171 
                 3 
                 8.2 
                 0.8 
                 2.15 
                 7.18 
                 0.3 
                 69578 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 1171 
                 24 
               
               
                 62 
                 D 
                 32 
                 1171 
                 2.4 
                 10 
                 0.79 
                 2.15 
                 7.33 
                 0.29 
                 70712 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 1171 
                 24 
               
               
                 62 
                 D 
                 32 
                 1171 
                 1.8 
                 14 
                 0.78 
                 2.15 
                 7.6 
                 0.28 
                 72753 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 1171 
                 24 
               
               
                 62 
                 D 
                 32 
                 1201 
                 3 
                 8.2 
                 0.82 
                 2.15 
                 6.9 
                 0.31 
                 67840 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 1201 
                 24 
               
               
                 62 
                 D 
                 32 
                 1201 
                 2.4 
                 10 
                 0.81 
                 2.15 
                 7.04 
                 0.3 
                 68899 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 1201 
                 24 
               
               
                 62 
                 D 
                 32 
                 1201 
                 1.8 
                 14 
                 0.78 
                 2.15 
                 7.3 
                 0.29 
                 70864 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 1201 
                 24 
               
               
                 62 
                 D 
                 32 
                 1231 
                 3 
                 7.8 
                 0.84 
                 2.15 
                 6.65 
                 0.32 
                 66330 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 1231 
                 24 
               
               
                 62 
                 D 
                 32 
                 1231 
                 2.4 
                 9.9 
                 0.83 
                 2.15 
                 6.79 
                 0.32 
                 67388 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 1231 
                 24 
               
               
                 62 
                 D 
                 32 
                 1231 
                 1.8 
                 14 
                 0.8 
                 2.15 
                 7.05 
                 0.3 
                 69354 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 1231 
                 24 
               
               
                 62 
                 D 
                 32 
                 1261 
                 3 
                 7.7 
                 0.86 
                 2.15 
                 6.43 
                 0.33 
                 65046 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 1261 
                 24 
               
             
          
           
               
                 Based on above rule it is arranged as, but the contents is omitted from. 
               
             
          
           
               
                 62 
                 D 
                 38 
                 901 
                 3 
                 18 
                 0.26 
                 2.15 
                 22.06 
                 0.1 
                 178657 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 901 
                 21 
               
               
                 62 
                 D 
                 38 
                 901 
                 2.4 
                 23 
                 0.26 
                 2.15 
                 22.84 
                 0.09 
                 184554 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 901 
                 21 
               
               
                 62 
                 D 
                 38 
                 901 
                 1.8 
                 32 
                 0.25 
                 2.15 
                 24.26 
                 0.09 
                 195289 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 901 
                 21 
               
               
                 62 
                 D 
                 38 
                 931 
                 3 
                 12 
                 0.38 
                 2.15 
                 12.24 
                 0.18 
                 104797 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 931 
                 22 
               
               
                 62 
                 D 
                 38 
                 931 
                 2.4 
                 16 
                 0.38 
                 2.15 
                 12.62 
                 0.17 
                 107670 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 931 
                 22 
               
               
                 62 
                 D 
                 38 
                 931 
                 1.8 
                 21 
                 0.36 
                 2.15 
                 13.31 
                 0.16 
                 112887 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 931 
                 22 
               
             
          
           
               
                 Based on above rule it is arranged as, but the contents is omitted from. 
               
             
          
           
               
                 62 
                 D 
                 38 
                 1051 
                 1.8 
                 13 
                 0.61 
                 2.15 
                 6.99 
                 0.31 
                 65624 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 1051 
                 25 
               
               
                 62 
                 D 
                 38 
                 1081 
                 3 
                 6.7 
                 0.69 
                 2.15 
                 6.17 
                 0.35 
                 60804 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 1051 
                 26 
               
               
                 62 
                 D 
                 38 
                 1081 
                 2.4 
                 8.6 
                 0.68 
                 2.15 
                 6.31 
                 0.34 
                 61863 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 1051 
                 26 
               
             
          
           
               
                 Based on above rule it is arranged as, but the contents is omitted from, following list is selected. 
               
             
          
           
               
                 62 
                 D 
                 44 
                 1321 
                 3 
                 4.2 
                 0.84 
                 2.15 
                 4.25 
                 0.51 
                 49539 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 1321 
                 40 
               
               
                 62 
                 D 
                 56 
                 1321 
                 3 
                 2.6 
                 0.82 
                 2.15 
                 3.8 
                 0.57 
                 46686 
                 396 
                 462 
                 462 
                 0 
                 64 
               
               
                 62 
                 E 
                 44 
                 1321 
                 3 
                 4.3 
                 0.82 
                 2.15 
                 4 
                 0.54 
                 48414 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 1321 
                 36 
               
               
                 62 
                 E 
                 56 
                 1321 
                 3 
                 3 
                 0.73 
                 2.15 
                 3.46 
                 0.62 
                 44331 
                 0 
                 0 
                 0 
                 1321 
                 46 
               
             
          
           
               
                 Based on above rule it is arranged as, pump diameter to 83, pump setting to 1501, others omitted. 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
     
       
         
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE 2 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 (1) Static parameter: oil layer middle depth (m): 2339.9, 
               
               
                 reservoir temperature: 87.8° C., wax precipitation temperature: 
               
               
                 41.0° C., crude oil solidifying point: 36° C., 
               
               
                 gas oil ratio: 12.5 m 3 /m 3 , crude oil density: 0.87 g/cm 3 , 
               
               
                 crude saturation pressure: 3.41 Mpa, solution coefficient: 3.68 m 3 /m 3 .Mpa, 
               
               
                 formation crude viscosity: 10.0 cp, 50° C. degasified crude oil viscosity: 38.9 cp. 
               
               
                 (2) Dynamic parameters: daily liquid producing capacity: 41.5 t/d, 
               
               
                 dynamic fluid level: 290.0 m, water content ratio: 1.32%, oil pressure: 1.27 Mpa, 
               
               
                 casinghead pressure: 0, inside diameter of casing pipe: 127, kick off point: 318.4 m 
               
               
                 borehole deviation data: 
               
               
                   
               
             
             
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                   
                 Daily 
                 Dynamic 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                 liquid 
                 fluid 
                 Submergence 
                 Pump 
                 Pump 
                 Tube 
                 Rod 
               
               
                 Design 
                 Gas oil 
                 production 
                 level 
                 depth 
                 Setting 
                 Diameter 
                 Diameter 
                 String 
               
               
                 criteria 
                 ratio 
                 (t/d) 
                 (m) 
                 (m) 
                 (m) 
                 (mm) 
                 (mm) 
                 (inch × m) 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 API 
                 12.5 
                 41.5 
                 290 
                 30.5 
                 320.5 
                 θ44 
                 62 
                 ⅝ × 320.5 
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                 Since current API standard has eliminated the principle of defining submergence depth, 
               
               
                   
                 no comparison can be made. 
               
             
          
           
               
                 Principle 
                 12.5 
                 41.5 
                 290 
                 50 
                 340 
                 θ44 
                 62 
                 ⅝ × 340 
               
               
                 of oil 
                 12.5 
                 41.5 
                 290 
                 200 
                 490 
                 θ44 
                 62 
                 ⅝ × 490 
               
               
                 production 
               
               
                 technology 
               
               
                 GLZD 
                 12.5 
                 41.5 
                 290 
                 404.7 
                 694.7 
                 θ83 
                 76 
                 ⅞ × 694.7 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                   
                 Stroke × 
                   
                   
                   
                 Annual 
               
               
                   
                   
                 Pumping 
                 Input 
                   
                   
                 Oil 
               
               
                   
                 Design 
                 Speed 
                 Power 
                 Pump 
                 System 
                 Production 
               
               
                   
                 criteria 
                 (m/s) 
                 (kW) 
                 efficiency 
                 efficiency 
                 cost 
               
               
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 API 
                   3 × 20 
                 38.36 
                 0.37 
                  5% 
                 294538 yuan 
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                 Since current API standard has eliminated the principle of 
               
               
                   
                 defining submergence depth, no comparison can be made. 
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                 Principle 
                   3 × 16 
                 25.57 
                 0.48 
                   8% 
                 198098 yuan 
               
               
                   
                 of oil 
                   3 × 9 
                 12.49 
                 0.83 
                 17% 
                 101110 yuan 
               
               
                   
                 production 
               
               
                   
                 technology 
               
               
                   
                 GLZD 
                 2.4 × 3  
                 3.40 
                 0.93 
                 61% 
                  38779 yuan 
               
               
                   
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
     
       
         
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE 3 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 Dynamic 
                   
                   
                 Stroke × 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                 Daily 
                 fluid 
                 Pump 
                 Pump 
                 Pumping 
                   
                 Input 
                 Active 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                 liquid 
                 level 
                 Setting 
                 Diameter 
                 Speed 
                 Type of 
                 Power 
                 Power 
                 Pump 
                 System 
                 Relative 
               
               
                 order 
                 Test date 
                 production 
                 (m) 
                 (m) 
                 (mm) 
                 (m/s) 
                 calculation 
                 (kW) 
                 (kW) 
                 efficiency 
                 efficiency 
                 error 
               
               
                   
               
             
             
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 A 
                 B 
                 Aug. 4 1998 
                 47.5 t/d 
                 295 
                 1507 
                 θ44 
                   3 × 9 
                 measured 
                 16.13 
                 1.98 
                 0.922 
                 12.2% 
                 9.3% 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 47.5 t/d 
                 295 
                 1507 
                 θ44 
                   3 × 9 
                 theoretic 
                 17.79 
                 1.98 
                 0.967 
                 11.1% 
               
               
                   
                 C 
                 Dec. 6 1999 
                 41.5 t/d 
                 290 
                 900.9 
                 θ56 
                 2.4 × 6 
                 measured 
                 7.10 
                 2.087 
                 0.932 
                 29.1% 
                 8.6% 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 41.5 t/d 
                 290 
                 900.9 
                 θ56 
                 2.4 × 6 
                 theoretic 
                 6.54 
                 2.087 
                 0.948 
                 31.6% 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Note:  
               
               
                 A: The production layer is the same.  
               
               
                 B: Before adusting the parameters.  
               
               
                 C: After adusting the parameters.  
               
             
          
         
       
     
     
       
         
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE 4 
               
             
             
               
                   
               
               
                 (1) Static parameters: oil layer middle depth (m): 1504, reservoir temperature: 68° C., 
               
               
                 wax precipitation temperature: 40° C., crude oil solidifying point: 35° C., gas oil ratio: 19.00 m 3 /m 3 , 
               
               
                 crude oil density: 0.8600 g/cm 3 , crude saturation pressure: 3.82 Mpa, solution coefficient: 4.245 m 3 /m 3 .Mpa, 
               
               
                 formation crude viscosity: 9.39 cp, 50° C. degasified crude oil viscosity: 27.70 cp. 
               
               
                 (2) Dynamic parameter: daily liquid producing capacity: 19.6 t/d, dynamic fluid level: 871.2 m, 
               
               
                 water content ratio: 0, oil pressure: 0.8 Mpa, casinghead pressure: 0, 
               
               
                 inside diameter of casing pipe: , kick off point: , borehole deviation data: 
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                   
                 Daily 
                 Dynamic 
                 Sub- 
                   
                 Pump 
                   
                 Stroke × 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Gas 
                 liquid 
                 fluid 
                 mergence 
                 Pump 
                 Dia- 
                   
                 Pumping 
                 Input 
               
               
                 Design 
                 oil 
                 production 
                 level 
                 depth 
                 Setting 
                 meter 
                 Rod String 
                 Speed 
                 Power 
                 Pump 
                 System 
                 Annual Oil 
               
               
                 criteria 
                 ratio 
                 (t/d) 
                 (m) 
                 (m) 
                 (m) 
                 (mm) 
                 (inch × m) 
                 (m/s) 
                 (kW) 
                 efficiency 
                 efficiency 
                 Prodution cost 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 API 
                 19 
                 19.6 
                 871.2 
                 30 
                 901 
                 θ38 
                 ⅝ × 901 
                 3 × 17.9 
                 22.06 
                 0.26 
                 10% 
                 178657 yuan 
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                 Since current API standard has eliminated the principle of defining submergence depth, no comparison can be made. 
               
             
          
           
               
                 Principle 
                 19 
                 19.6 
                 871.2 
                 50 
                 921 
                 θ32 
                 ⅝ × 921 
                 3 × 18.4 
                 23.18 
                 0.36 
                  9% 
                 187377 yuan 
               
               
                 of oil 
                 19 
                 19.6 
                 871.2 
                 200 
                 1071 
                 θ32 
                 ⅝ × 1071 
                 3 × 9.4 
                 8.62 
                 0.70 
                 25% 
                  79200 yuan 
               
               
                 production 
               
               
                 technology 
               
               
                 GLZD 
                 19 
                 19.6 
                 871.2 
                 453 
                 1324 
                 θ56 
                 ⅝ × 1324 
                 3 × 2.6 
                 3.45 
                 0.73 
                 62% 
                  44390 yuan 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 (E grade) 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
     
       
         
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE 5 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 Dynamic 
                   
                   
                 Stroke × 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                 Daily 
                 fluid 
                 Pump 
                 Pump 
                 Pumping 
                   
                 Input 
                 Active 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                 liquid 
                 level 
                 Setting 
                 Diameter 
                 Speed 
                 Type of 
                 Power 
                 power 
                 Pump 
                 System 
                 Relative 
               
               
                 Order 
                 Test date 
                 production 
                 (m) 
                 (m) 
                 (mm) 
                 (m/s) 
                 calculation 
                 (kW) 
                 (kW) 
                 efficiency 
                 efficiency 
                 error 
               
               
                   
               
             
             
               
                 Before 
                 Jan. 17 1997 
                 15.1 t/d 
                 890.9 
                 1208 
                 θ38 
                 6 × 2.4 
                 measured 
                 4.860 
                 1.688 
                 0.747 
                 0.347 
                 7.7% 
               
               
                 changing 
                   
                 15.1 t/d 
                 890.9 
                 1208 
                 θ38 
                 6 × 2.4 
                 theoretic 
                 4.494 
                 1.688 
                 0.775 
                 0.376 
               
               
                 the layer 
                   
               
               
                 After 
                 Jan. 4 1997 
                 19.2 t/d 
                 874.2 
                 1350 
                 θ44 
                 5 × 2.4 
                 measured 
                 4.150 
                 2.192 
                 0.811 
                 0.528 
                 5.8% 
               
               
                 changing 
                   
                 19.2 t/d 
                 871.2 
                 1350 
                 θ44 
                 5 × 2.4 
                 theoretic 
                 4.389 
                 2.192 
                 0.802 
                 0.499 
               
               
                 the layer 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
     
       
         
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE 6 
               
             
             
               
                   
               
               
                 (1) Static parameters: oil layer middle depth (m): 1503.6, reservoir temperature: 68° C., 
               
               
                 wax precipitation temperature: 40° C., crude oil solidifying point: 35° C., gas oil ratio: 19.00 m 3 /m 3 , 
               
               
                 crude oil density: 0.8600 g/cm 3 , crude saturation pressure: 3.82 Mpa, solution coefficient: 4.24 m 3 /m 3 .Mpa, 
               
               
                 formation crude viscosity: 9.39 cp, 50° C. degasified crude oil viscosity: 27.70 cp. 
               
               
                 (2) Dynamic parameters: daily liquid producing capacity: 19.2 t/d, dynamic fluid level: 905.9 m, 
               
               
                 water content ratio: 0, oil pressure: 0.65 Mpa, casinghead pressure: 0, 
               
               
                 inside diameter of casing pipe: 12, kick off point: 450 m, borehole deviation data: 
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                   
                 Daily 
                 Dynamic 
                 Sub- 
                   
                 Pump 
                   
                 Stroke × 
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                 Gas 
                 liquid 
                 fluid 
                 mergence 
                 Pump 
                 Dia- 
                   
                 Pumping 
                 Input 
               
               
                 Design 
                 oil 
                 Production 
                 level 
                 Depth 
                 Setting 
                 meter 
                 Rod String 
                 Speed 
                 Power 
                 Pump 
                 System 
                 Annual Oil 
               
               
                 criteria 
                 ratio 
                 (t/d) 
                 (m) 
                 (m) 
                 (m) 
                 (mm) 
                 (inch × m) 
                 (m/s) 
                 (kW) 
                 efficiency 
                 efficiency 
                 Prodution cost 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 API 
                 19 
                 19.2 
                 905.9 
                 30 
                 936 
                 θ38 
                 ⅝ × 936 
                 3 × 17.6 
                 21.61 
                 0.26 
                 10% 
                 175694 yuan 
               
             
          
           
               
                   
                 Since current API standard has eliminated the principle of defining submergence depth, no comparison can be made. 
               
             
          
           
               
                 Principle 
                 19 
                 19.2 
                 905.9 
                 50 
                 956 
                 θ32 
                 ⅝ × 956 
                 3 × 18.1 
                 22.65 
                 0.35 
                  9% 
                 183809 yuan 
               
               
                 of oil 
               
               
                 production 
                 19 
                 19.2 
                 905.9 
                 200 
                 1106 
                 θ32 
                 ⅝ × 1106 
                 3 × 9.2 
                 8.44 
                 0.70 
                 25% 
                  78278 yuan 
               
               
                 technology 
               
               
                 GLZD 
                 19 
                 19.2 
                 905.9 
                 453 
                 1349 
                 θ56 
                 ⅝ × 1349 
                 3 × 2.9 
                 3.41 
                 0.71 
                 63% 
                  44284 yuan 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                 (E grade) 
               
               
                   
               
             
          
         
       
     
     
       
         
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
             
           
               
                 TABLE 7 
               
               
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 Dynamic 
                   
                   
                 Stroke × 
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                 Daily 
                 fluid 
                 Pump 
                 Pump 
                 Pumping 
                   
                 Input 
                 Active 
                   
                   
                   
               
               
                   
                   
                 liquid 
                 level 
                 Setting 
                 Diameter 
                 Speed 
                 Type of 
                 Power 
                 power 
                 Pump 
                 System 
                 Relative 
               
               
                 Order 
                 Test date 
                 Production 
                 (m) 
                 (m) 
                 (mm) 
                 (m/s) 
                 calculation 
                 (kW) 
                 (kW) 
                 efficiency 
                 efficiency 
                 error 
               
               
                   
               
             
             
               
                   
               
             
          
           
               
                 A 
                 B 
                 Jun. 27 1997 
                 19.20 t/d 
                 905.90 
                 1238 
                 θ38 
                 2.35 × 8.46 
                 measured 
                 6.126 
                 2.141 
                 0.688 
                 0.349 
                  2.2% 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 19.20 t/d 
                 905.90 
                 1238 
                 θ38 
                 2.35 × 8.46 
                 theoretic 
                 6.265 
                 2.141 
                 0.781 
                 0.342 
               
               
                   
                 C 
                 Aug. 30 1997 
                 19.20 t/d 
                 969.0 
                 1238 
                 θ44 
                 2.32 × 6.31 
                 measured 
                 4.53 
                 2.266 
                 0.693 
                 0.5 
                 10.1% 
               
               
                   
                   
                   
                 19.20 t/d 
                 969.0 
                 1238 
                 θ44 
                 2.32 × 6.31 
                 theoretic 
                 5.037 
                 2.266 
                 0.589 
                 0.45 
               
               
                   
               
               
                 Note:  
               
               
                 A: The production layer is the same.  
               
               
                 B: Before adusting the parameters  
               
               
                 C: After adusting the parameters