Abstract:
Systems and methods associated with an HVAC system and a multi-functional ECM motor for use in the HVAC system are disclosed. The motor controller of the ECM motor includes a microprocessor, a tap detection circuit and a power source portion. The tap detection circuit is coupled to several tap input lines. The motor also includes first and second AC input wires, a common wire, a ground wire, a first jumper wire and a second jumper wire. Each tap input line is coupled to the first input terminal of one current sensing unit. The first jumper wire is coupled to the second AC input wire, and the second jumper wire is coupled to the common wire. By coupling different wires of the ECM motor differently when replacing a PSC motor than when replacing ECM motors, the ECM motor is configured to replace PSC motors and ECM motors in HVAC systems.

Description:
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS 
       [0001]    This application is a national stage filing of PCT/CN2014/072290 filed Feb. 20, 2014, which is hereby incorporated by reference. 
     
    
     TECHNICAL FIELD 
       [0002]    The present disclosure relates to an HVAC system and a multi-functional ECM motor for use in the HVAC system. 
       BACKGROUND 
       [0003]    As competition in the field of electric appliances has become increasingly fierce over recent years, more demanding technical requirements are being posed on products. For example, products are now required to be energy saving and environmentally friendly, and have a high degree of controllable intelligence, a short development period, and low noise. Electric motors, as the core part, have undoubtedly become a key part to solving the above-mentioned technical problems. Motors in conventional household central air conditioners are typically single phase permanent-split capacitor AC motors (PSC). However, single phase AC motors have low efficiency, consume more energy, have high noise, and have a low degree of controllable intelligence. 
         [0004]    As a result of advances in motor technologies, permanent magnet (PM) synchronous motors have been developed. PM synchronous motors typically have a motor controller to electronically commutate current. As a result, PM synchronous motors are also referred to as electronically commutated (ECM) motors. PM synchronous motors are characterized in that they are energy saving and environmentally friendly, they have relatively high reliability and controllability, generate low noise, are easily made more intelligent, and can address the drawbacks of single phase AC motors. Therefore, the single phase AC motors in conventional household central air conditioners are gradually being replaced by PM synchronous motors. However, circuit ports are quite different for single phase AC motors and PM synchronous motors, which creates a problem because it is difficult for one motor to have two different circuit ports. When a conventional PM synchronous motor is used to replace the single phase AC motor in an existing household central air conditioner, it is necessary to replace the circuit port of the motor, change the motor circuit, etc., making the replacement inconvenient and costly. 
         [0005]    In view of the foregoing drawbacks, ECM motors have been developed to directly replace the original PSC motors without the need to change the circuit structure of the original application systems of the PSC motors, e.g., the HVAC control system. The installation and troubleshooting of ECM motors in HVAC systems is simple, and the development cost associated with an ECM motor is lower than that of a PSC motor. 
         [0006]    However, current ECM motors used to replace single phase AC motors still have numerous problems, a few of which are listed next. 
         [0007]    1) The ECM motors have a single function and cannot be used for different applications. For example, they cannot be used to replace ECM motors currently on the market to detect AC input tap signals. As a specific example, an X13 motor has tap input signals at 24 VAC, while tap input signals for the current ECM motors that replace the PSC motors are 115 VAC or 230 VAC, therefore the two are not compatible. In addition, operational parameters for power source voltage, turning, and reprogramming cannot be directly configured for the current ECM motors that replace the PSC motors, and it is relatively inconvenient to configure the settings. As a result, more models must be developed, disorganized products are made, and management and costs are increased. 
         [0008]    2) Low reliability; because different applications have different requirements for the ECM motors, it is easy for errors or accidents to take place when the ECM control is unable to adapt to different applications. 
         [0009]    3) In conventional systems, a current transformer and relevant circuits are used to detect the state of all tap input lines. However, because the transformer has a large volume and high cost, the transformer takes up a large space of the motor controller, which causes the motor controller to have poor heat dissipation. 
         [0010]    4) A plurality of current transformer sensing units are embedded into the wiring plug of the motor, which makes installation difficult, production efficiency low, and large scale production difficult. The aforementioned drawbacks of current ECM motors are not intended to be an all-inclusive list, as numerous other drawbacks exist. 
       SUMMARY 
       [0011]    There is a need to develop a solution to expand the application range of existing ECM motors for HVAC systems to avoid repeated development, lower the R&amp;D cost, shorten R&amp;D period, and facilitate management. An object of the present disclosure is to provide a multi-functional ECM motor that has a simple structure and that can conveniently replace PSC motors and ECM motors on the market that use AC inputs as tap signals. The replacement may be simple, the wiring may be convenient, and the cost may be low. Moreover, the ECM motor disclosed herein may integrate a variety of circuits, may be applicable for different applications, may have high operational reliability, and may save time and cost of management and development. 
         [0012]    Another object of the present disclosure is to provide an HVAC system that may use the ECM motor of the present disclosure to replace a PSC motor or an ECM motor that uses AC inputs as tap signals. The installation may be simple, the wiring may be convenient, the original HVAC system structure may not need to be changed, the retrofitting cost may be low, the application range may be wide, and the electric efficiency may be higher. 
         [0013]    The present disclosure achieves the above objects through the technical solutions described herein. One embodiment includes a multi-functional ECM motor comprising a motor and a motor controller. The motor controller may include a control box and a control circuit board installed in the control box. In some embodiments, the control circuit board may be integrated with a microprocessor, an inverter circuit, a tap detection circuit and a power source portion thereon. The power source portion may be connected to an external AC power source input, and the output terminal of the power source portion may supply power to all circuits. The tap detection circuit may be connected to several tap input lines, and, according to some embodiments, only one tap input line may be selected to be in the on state, and the remaining lines may be selected to be in the off state without electricity. The tap detection circuit may include several current sensing units, and each tap input line may be connected to an input terminal of a current sensing unit. The output terminal of the current sensing unit may be connected to the input terminal of the microprocessor, and the microprocessor may select an operational parameter for the motor based on the detected on state signal of each tap input line. In some embodiments, the microprocessor may control the motor to run according to the selected operational parameter, characterized in that the current sensing unit compatibly detects 24 V low-voltage AC signals and 115 V or 230 V high-voltage AC signals of the several tap input lines. 
         [0014]    According to an embodiment, the motor controller may also include a first AC input wire, a second AC input wire, a common wire, a ground wire, a first jumper wire and a second jumper wire. The first jumper wire may be connected with the second AC input wire, the second jumper wire may be connected with the common wire. The second input terminals of the current sensing units may be connected in parallel and then connected with the common wire and the second jumper wire, respectively. The above several tap input lines may refer to 5 tap input lines (N 1 , N 2 , N 3 , N 4  and N 5 ). 
         [0015]    In one embodiment, when a PSC motor used by a corresponding commercial equipment system is to be replaced, the multi-functional ECM motor may connect a total of 7 wires, which may include the 5 tap input lines, the first AC input wire, and the ground wire, to the equipment system. The first jumper wire and the second jumper wire may be shorted with a socket connector, one of the 5 tap input lines may be for a 115 V or 230 V high-voltage AC to pass through, one of the 5 tap input lines and the first AC input wire may act as the AC power input and may be connected in parallel into the power source portion, and the second AC input wire and the common wire may be suspended without connection. 
         [0016]    In another embodiment, when an ECM motor used by a corresponding commercial equipment system is to be replaced, the multi-functional ECM motor may connect a total of 9 wires, which may include the 5 tap input lines, the first AC input wire, the ground wire, the second AC input wire, and the common wire, to the equipment system. The first jumper wire and the second jumper wire may be disconnected, the first AC input wire and the second AC input wires may act as the external AC power input and may be connected in parallel into the power source portion. One of the 5 tap input lines (N 1 , N 2 , N 3 , N 4  and N 5 ) may be for a 24 V low-voltage AC to pass through and may pair with the common wire to form a loop. 
         [0017]    In some embodiments, the microprocessor may be further connected with a serial communication unit, and the microprocessor may establish an external communication connection via the serial communication unit and may form a serial communication port. The power source portion may include a voltage multiplication and conversion device, and by connecting or breaking the voltage multiplication and conversion device at the power source setting port with a connector, the voltage multiplication and conversion device may be in an operating state of one time or two times of the voltage. In one embodiment, the microprocessor may be further connected with a turning setting circuit, and by connecting or breaking the turning setting circuit at the turn setting port with a connector, the turning setting circuit ma send a control signal to the microprocessor, and the microprocessor may control the forward or backward rotation of the motor through the inverter circuit. 
         [0018]    In some embodiments, a wiring sheath may be installed on the control box. A total of 9 wires, which may include the 5 tap input lines, the first AC input wire, the ground wire, the second AC input wire, and the common wire, may be guided out from the wiring sheath. A jumper wire box may be installed on the wiring sheath. According to an embodiment, a serial communication port, a power source setting port, a turn setting port, and a motor type selection port may be installed in the jumper wire box. A connector may be installed at the serial communication port, the power source setting port, the turn setting port, and the motor type selection port, respectively. The connector of the motor type selection port may be electrically connected with the first jumper wire and the second jumper wire, respectively. The first jumper wire and the second jumper wire may be electrically connected or disconnected by installing or unplugging a connector at the motor type selection port. According to an embodiment, the output terminal of the above tap detection circuit may be connected with the microprocessor via a filter circuit. 
         [0019]    According to an embodiment, an HVAC system may include a THERMOSTAT and an HVAC system controller that originally controls a PSC motor, and the THERMOSTAT may input control signals to the HVAC system controller. In some embodiments, the multi-functional ECM motor may be used to directly replace the original PSC motor. According to some embodiments, a multi-functional ECM motor may include a motor and a motor controller. The motor controller may include a control box and a control circuit board installed in the control box. In some embodiments, the control circuit board may be integrated with a microprocessor, an inverter circuit, a tap detection circuit and a power source portion thereon. The power source portion may be connected to an external AC power source input, and the output terminal of the power source portion may supply power to all circuits. The tap detection circuit may be connected to several tap input lines, and, according to some embodiments, only one tap input line may be selected to be in the on state, and the remaining lines may be selected to be in the off state without electricity. The tap detection circuit may include several current sensing units, and each tap input line may be connected to an input terminal of a current sensing unit. The output terminal of the current sensing unit may be connected to the input terminal of the microprocessor, and the microprocessor may select an operational parameter for the motor based on the detected on state signal of each tap input line. In some embodiments, the microprocessor may control the motor to run according to the selected operational parameter, characterized in that the current sensing unit compatibly detects 24 V low-voltage AC signals and 115 V or 230 V high-voltage AC signals of the several tap input lines. 
         [0020]    The motor controller may include a first AC input wire (N), a second AC input wire (L), a common wire (COM), a ground wire (E), a first jumper wire (L 1 ) and a second jumper wire (L 2 ). The first jumper wire (L 1 ) may be connected with the second AC input wire (L), and the second jumper wire (L 2 ) may be connected with the common wire (COM). The second input terminals of the current sensing units may be connected in parallel and then connected with the common wire (COM) and the second jumper wire (L 2 ), respectively. According to an embodiment, a total of 7 wires, which may include the several tap input lines, the first AC input wire and the ground wire may be connected to the HVAC system controller. The first jumper wire and the second jumper wire may be shorted with a socket connector. One of the 5 tap input lines may be for a 115 V or 230 V high-voltage AC to pass through. One of the 5 tap input lines and the first AC input wire may act as the AC power input and may be connected in parallel into the power source portion. In some embodiments, the second AC input wire and the common wire may be suspended without connection. 
         [0021]    According to some embodiments, the microprocessor may be further connected with a serial communication unit. The microprocessor may establish an external communication connection via the serial communication unit and may form a serial communication port. The power source portion may include a voltage multiplication and conversion device, and by connecting or breaking the voltage multiplication and conversion device at the power source setting port with a connector, the voltage multiplication and conversion device may be in an operating state of one time or two times of the voltage. The microprocessor may be further connected with a turning setting circuit, and by connecting or breaking the turning setting circuit at the turn setting port with a connector, the turning setting circuit may send a control signal to the microprocessor, and the microprocessor may control the forward or backward rotation of the motor through the inverter circuit. 
         [0022]    The above several tap input lines may refer to 5 tap input lines (N 1 , N 2 , N 3 , N 4  and N 5 ). In some embodiments, a wiring sheath may be installed on the control box. A total of 9 wires, which may include the 5 tap input lines, the first AC input wire, the ground wire, the second AC input wire, and the common wire, may be guided out from the wiring sheath. A jumper wire box may be installed on the wiring sheath. According to an embodiment, a serial communication port, a power source setting port, a turn setting port, and a motor type selection port may be installed in the jumper wire box. A connector may be installed at the serial communication port, the power source setting port, the turn setting port, and the motor type selection port, respectively. The connector of the motor type selection port may be electrically connected with the first jumper wire and the second jumper wire, respectively. The first jumper wire and the second jumper wire may be electrically connected or disconnected by installing or unplugging a connector at the motor type selection port. 
         [0023]    According to an embodiment, an HVAC system may include a THERMOSTAT and an HVAC system controller that originally controls a ECM motor, and the THERMOSTAT may input control signals to the HVAC system controller. In some embodiments, the multi-functional ECM motor may be used to directly replace the original ECM motor. According to some embodiments, a multi-functional ECM motor may include a motor and a motor controller. The motor controller may include a control box and a control circuit board installed in the control box. In some embodiments, the control circuit board may be integrated with a microprocessor, an inverter circuit, a tap detection circuit and a power source portion thereon. The power source portion may be connected to an external AC power source input, and the output terminal of the power source portion may supply power to all circuits. The tap detection circuit may be connected to several tap input lines, and, according to some embodiments, only one tap input line may be selected to be in the on state, and the remaining lines may be selected to be in the off state without electricity. The tap detection circuit may include several current sensing units, and each tap input line may be connected to an input terminal of a current sensing unit. The output terminal of the current sensing unit may be connected to the input terminal of the microprocessor, and the microprocessor may select an operational parameter for the motor based on the detected on state signal of each tap input line. In some embodiments, the microprocessor may control the motor to run according to the selected operational parameter, characterized in that the current sensing unit compatibly detects 24 V low-voltage AC signals and 115 V or 230 V high-voltage AC signals of the several tap input lines. 
         [0024]    The motor controller further comprises a first AC input wire (N), a second AC input wire (L), a common wire (COM), a ground wire (E), a first jumper wire (L 1 ) and a second jumper wire (L 2 ). The first jumper wire (L 1 ) may be connected with the second AC input wire (L), and the second jumper wire (L 2 ) may be connected with the common wire (COM). The second input terminals of the current sensing units may be connected in parallel and then connected with the common wire (COM) and the second jumper wire (L 2 ), respectively. A total of 9 wires, which may include the 5 tap input lines, the first AC input wire, the ground wire, the second AC input wire, and the common wire may be connected to the HVAC system controller. The first jumper wire and the second jumper wire may be disconnected. The first AC input wire and the second AC input wire may act as the external AC power input and may be connected in parallel into the power source portion. One of the several tap input may be for a 24 V low-voltage AC to pass through and pairs with the common wire (COM) to form a loop. 
         [0025]    According to some embodiments, the microprocessor may be further connected with a serial communication unit. The microprocessor may establish an external communication connection via the serial communication unit and may form a serial communication port. The power source portion may include a voltage multiplication and conversion device, and by connecting or breaking the voltage multiplication and conversion device at the power source setting port with a connector, the voltage multiplication and conversion device may be in an operating state of one time or two times of the voltage. The microprocessor may be further connected with a turning setting circuit, and by connecting or breaking the turning setting circuit at the turn setting port with a connector, the turning setting circuit may send a control signal to the microprocessor, and the microprocessor may control the forward or backward rotation of the motor through the inverter circuit. 
         [0026]    The above several tap input lines may refer to 5 tap input lines (N 1 , N 2 , N 3 , N 4  and N 5 ). In some embodiments, a wiring sheath may be installed on the control box. A total of 9 wires, which may include the 5 tap input lines, the first AC input wire, the ground wire, the second AC input wire, and the common wire, may be guided out from the wiring sheath. A jumper wire box may be installed on the wiring sheath. According to an embodiment, a serial communication port, a power source setting port, a turn setting port, and a motor type selection port may be installed in the jumper wire box. A connector may be installed at the serial communication port, the power source setting port, the turn setting port, and the motor type selection port, respectively. The connector of the motor type selection port may be electrically connected with the first jumper wire and the second jumper wire, respectively. The first jumper wire and the second jumper wire may be electrically connected or disconnected by installing or unplugging a connector at the motor type selection port. 
         [0027]    Compared to the prior art, embodiments disclosed herein may have significant effects, a few of which are listed next. 
         [0028]    1) In some embodiments, when a PSC motor used by a corresponding commercial equipment system is to be replaced, embodiments disclosed herein may connect a total of 7 wires, which may include the several tap input lines, the first AC input wire (N), and the ground wire (E), to the equipment system. The first jumper wire (L 1 ) and the second jumper wire (L 2 ) may be shorted with a socket connector, and the second AC input wire (L) and the common wire (COM) may be suspended without connection. When an ECM motor used by a corresponding commercial equipment system is to be replaced, it may connect a total of 9 wires, which may include the several tap input lines, the first AC input wire (N), the ground wire (E), the second AC input wire (L) and the common wire (COM), to the equipment system. The first jumper wire (L 1 ) and the second jumper wire (L 2 ) may be disconnected, and the common wire (COM) may detect signals and may output the same to the equipment system. As a result, the ECM motor may have a simple structure, which can conveniently replace PSC motors and ECM motors on the market that use AC inputs as tap signals. The replacement may be simple, the wiring may be convenient, and the cost may be low. Moreover, the ECM motor disclosed herein may integrate a variety of circuits, may be applicable for different applications, may have high operational reliability, and may save time and cost of management and development. One unit may have multiple functions, leading to high performance/price ratio. 
         [0029]    2) According to some embodiments, the motor controller may integrate the serial communication unit, the turning setting circuit and the voltage multiplication and conversion device such that the ECM motor may be applicable for different applications/workplaces, and have high operational reliability and extensive application range. 
         [0030]    3) According to an embodiment, the output terminal of the tap detection circuit may be connected with the microprocessor via a filter circuit, which can effectively reduce current fluctuation at the output terminal of the tap detection circuit, and improve the accuracy and reliability of the detection by the microprocessor. 
         [0031]    4) In some embodiments, a wiring sheath may be installed on the control box. A total of 9 wires, which may include the 5 tap input lines, the first AC input wire, the ground wire, the second AC input wire, and the common wire, may be guided out from the wiring sheath. A jumper wire box may be installed on the wiring sheath. According to an embodiment, a serial communication port, a power source setting port, a turn setting port, and a motor type selection port may be installed in the jumper wire box. A connector may be installed at the serial communication port, the power source setting port, the turn setting port, and the motor type selection port, respectively. The connector of the motor type selection port may be electrically connected with the first jumper wire and the second jumper wire, respectively. The first jumper wire and the second jumper wire may be electrically connected or disconnected by installing or unplugging a connector at the motor type selection port. The structure may be simple and a connector may be used to achieve function selections of a motor, which may make the use intuitive and convenient, as well as highly reliable. 
         [0032]    5) According to some embodiments, the HVAC system may have a simple structure. The HVAC system may use the ECM motor of the present utility model to replace a PSC motor or an ECM motor that uses AC inputs as tap signals. The installation may be simple, the wiring may be convenient, the original HVAC system structure may not need to be changed, the retrofitting cost may be low, the application range may be wide, and the electric efficiency may be higher. 
         [0033]    The foregoing has outlined rather broadly the features and technical advantages of the present invention in order that the detailed description of the invention that follows may be better understood. Additional features and advantages of the invention will be described hereinafter that form the subject of the claims of the invention. It should be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the concepts and specific embodiments disclosed may be readily utilized as a basis for modifying or designing other structures for carrying out the same purposes of the present invention. It should also be realized by those skilled in the art that such equivalent constructions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the invention as set forth in the appended claims. The novel features that are believed to be characteristic of the invention, both as to its organization and method of operation, together with further objects and advantages will be better understood from the following description when considered in connection with the accompanying figures. It is to be expressly understood, however, that each of the figures is provided for the purpose of illustration and description only and is not intended as a definition of the limits of the present invention. 
     
    
     
       BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 
         [0034]    For a more complete understanding of the disclosed systems and methods, reference is now made to the following descriptions taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. 
           [0035]      FIG. 1  is a schematic block diagram illustrating a three-dimensional view of the ECM motor according to one embodiment of the disclosure; 
           [0036]      FIG. 2  is schematic block diagram illustrating an exploded view of the ECM motor according to one embodiment of the disclosure; 
           [0037]      FIG. 3  is a schematic block diagram illustrating a circuit according to one embodiment of the disclosure; 
           [0038]      FIG. 4  is a schematic block diagram illustrating a detailed circuit diagram of the tap detection circuit according to one embodiment of the disclosure; 
           [0039]      FIG. 5  is a schematic block diagram of the power source portion according to one embodiment of the disclosure; 
           [0040]      FIG. 6  is a detailed circuit diagram of the rectification circuit and the DC-DC converter circuit according to one embodiment of the disclosure; 
           [0041]      FIG. 7  is a circuit diagram of the serial communication circuit according to one embodiment of the disclosure; 
           [0042]      FIG. 8  is a circuit diagram of the turning setting circuit according to one embodiment of the disclosure; 
           [0043]      FIG. 9  illustrates the structure of the ECM motor according to one embodiment of the disclosure; 
           [0044]      FIG. 10  is a block diagram of the circuit in Example 2 according to one embodiment of the disclosure; and 
           [0045]      FIG. 11  is a block diagram of the circuit in Example 3 according to one embodiment of the disclosure. 
       
    
    
     DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 
     Example 1 
       [0046]    According to some embodiments, as shown in  FIGS. 1-4 , a multi-function ECM motor may include a motor  1  and a motor controller  2 . According to an embodiment, the motor controller  2  may include a control box  21  and a control circuit board  22  installed in the control box  21 . The control circuit board  22  may be integrated with a microprocessor, an inverter circuit, a tap detection circuit, and a power source portion. The power source portion may be connected to an external AC power source input, and the output terminal of the power source portion may supply power to all circuits. The rotor position detection circuit may detect the rotor position signal of the motor through a HALL element and may send the signal to the microprocessor. The microprocessor may control the motor to run through the inverter circuit. 
         [0047]    In some embodiments, the tap detection circuit may be connected to 5 tap input lines (N 1 , N 2 , N 3 , N 4  and N 5 ), wherein only one tap input line may be selected to be in the on state, and the remaining lines may be selected to be in the off state without electricity. The tap detection circuit may further include a first AC input wire N, a second AC input wire L, a common wire COM, a ground wire E, a first jumper wire L 1  and a second jumper wire L 2 . The tap detection circuit may include several current sensing units. In one embodiment, each tap input line may be connected to an input terminal of a current sensing unit. The first jumper wire L 1  may be connected with the second AC input wire L, and the second jumper wire L 2  may be connected with the common wire COM. The second input terminals of the current sensing units may be connected in parallel and then connected with the common wire COM and the second jumper wire L 2 , respectively. The output terminal of the current sensing unit may be connected to the input terminal of the microprocessor, and the microprocessor may select an operational parameter for the motor based on the detected on state signal of each tap input line and may control the motor to run according to the selected operational parameter. In one embodiment, the current sensing unit may be a HALL current sensor chip that is commercially available. Several tap input lines can be 5 tap input lines (N 1 , N 2 , N 3 , N 4  and N 5 ), or just 3 tap input lines (N 1 , N 2  and N 3 ). 
         [0048]    According to an embodiment, when a PSC motor used by a corresponding commercial equipment system is to be replaced, a total of 7 wires, which may include the 5 tap input lines (N 1 , N 2 , N 3 , N 4  and N 5 ), the first AC input wire N, and the ground wire E, may be connected to the equipment system. The first jumper wire L 1  and the second jumper wire L 2  may be shorted with a socket connector. One of the 5 tap input lines (N 1 , N 2 , N 3 , N 4  and N 5 ) may be for a 115 V or 230 V high-voltage AC to pass through, one of the 5 tap input lines (N 1 , N 2 , N 3 , N 4  and N 5 ) and the first AC input wire N may act as the AC power input and may be connected in parallel into the power source portion, and the second AC input wire L and the common wire COM may be suspended without connection. 
         [0049]    In another embodiment, when an ECM motor used by a corresponding commercial equipment system is to be replaced, a total of 9 wires, which may include the 5 tap input lines (N 1 , N 2 , N 3 , N 4  and N 5 ), the first AC input wire N, the ground wire E, the second AC input wire L and the common wire COM, are connected to the equipment system. The first jumper wire L 1  and the second jumper wire L 2  may be disconnected. The first AC input wire N and the second AC input wire L may act as the external AC power input and may be connected in parallel into the power source portion, one of the 5 tap input lines (N 1 , N 2 , N 3 , N 4  and N 5 ) may be for a 24 V low-voltage AC to pass through, and the common wire COM may detect signals and may output the same to the equipment system, namely COM outputs 24 V AC. 
         [0050]    As shown in  FIG. 5  and  FIG. 6 , the power source portion may include an EMI or EMC anti-electromagnetic interference circuit, a rectification circuit and a DC-DC converter circuit. The input terminal of the EMI or EMC anti-electromagnetic interference circuit may be connected to AC input, and the output terminal of the EMI or EMC anti-electromagnetic interference circuit may be connected to the input terminal of the rectification circuit. The rectification circuit may output the bus voltage VDC and may be connected to the DC-DC converter circuit. The DC-DC converter circuit may output bus+15 V, +5 V, bus voltage VDC, +15 V, +5 V, and may supply power to all circuits. The rectification circuit may include a surge current protection circuit. The DC-DC converter circuit may include a voltage multiplication and conversion device, and by connecting or breaking the voltage multiplication and conversion device at the power source setting port with a connector J 101 , the voltage multiplication and conversion device may be in an operating state of one time or two times of the voltage, namely converting between 115 VAC and 230 VAC. 
         [0051]    As shown in  FIG. 3  and  FIG. 7 , the microprocessor may be further connected with a serial communication unit, and the microprocessor may establish an external communication connection via the serial communication unit and form a serial communication port. 
         [0052]    As shown in  FIG. 3  and  FIG. 8 , the microprocessor may be further connected with a turning setting circuit, and by connecting or breaking the turning setting circuit at the turn setting port with a connector J 601 , the turning setting circuit may send a control signal to the microprocessor, and the microprocessor may control the forward or backward rotation of the motor through the inverter circuit. 
         [0053]    A wiring sheath  3  may be installed on the control box  21 . A total of 9 wires  4 , which may include the 5 tap input lines (N 1 , N 2 , N 3 , N 4  and N 5 ), the first AC input wire N, the ground wire E, the second AC input wire L and the common wire COM, may be guided out from the wiring sheath  3 . A jumper wire box  5  may be installed on the wiring sheath  3 . As shown in  FIG. 9 , a serial communication port  53 , a power source setting port  51 , a turn setting port  52 , and a motor type selection port  54  may be installed in the jumper wire box  5 . A connector may be installed at the serial communication port  53 , the power source setting port  51 , the turn setting port  52 , and the motor type selection port  54 , respectively. The serial communication port  53  may include R/T and COMMON, the power source setting port  51  may include ports V+ and V-, the turn setting port  52  may include ports R+ and R−, and the motor type selection port  54  may include ports L 1  and L 2 . A connector may be installed at the power source setting port  51  to connect the ports V+ and V− such that the motor is in an operating state of two times of the voltage. A connector may be installed at the turn setting port  52  such that the motor runs by rotating forward or backward. The connector of the motor type selection port  54  may be electrically connected with the first jumper wire L 1  and the second jumper wire L 2 , respectively, and the first jumper wire L 1  and the second jumper wire L 2  may be electrically connected or disconnected by installing or unplugging a connector at the motor type selection port  54 . According to an embodiment, when a PSC motor used by a corresponding commercial equipment system is to be replaced, a connector may be installed at the motor type selection port  54  to electrically connect the port L 1  and the port L 2 , and when an ECM motor used by a corresponding commercial equipment system is to be replaced, the connector at the motor type selection port  54  may be unplugged to disconnect the port L 1  and the port L 2 . The output terminal of the tap detection circuit may be connected with the microprocessor via a filter circuit. 
         [0054]    According to one embodiment, a principle of the present disclosure may be that when a PSC motor used by a corresponding commercial equipment system is to be replaced, embodiments disclosed herein may connect a total of 7 wires  4 , which may include the 5 tap input lines (N 1 , N 2 , N 3 , N 4  and N 5 ), the first AC input wire N, and the ground wire E, to the equipment system. The first jumper wire L 1  and the second jumper wire L 2  may be shorted with a socket connector, and the second AC input wire L and the common wire COM may be suspended without connection. When an ECM motor used by a corresponding commercial equipment system is to be replaced, embodiments disclosed herein may connect a total of 9 wires, which may include the 5 tap input lines (N 1 , N 2 , N 3 , N 4  and N 5 ), the first AC input wire N, the ground wire E, the second AC input wire L and the common wire COM, to the equipment system. The first jumper wire L 1  and the second jumper wire L 2  may be disconnected, and the common wire COM may detect signals and may output the same to the equipment system. As a result, the ECM motor may have a simple structure, which can conveniently replace PSC motors and ECM motors on the market that use AC inputs as tap signals. The replacement may be simple, the wiring may be convenient, and the cost may be low. Moreover, the ECM motor disclosed herein may integrate a variety of circuits, may be applicable for different applications, may have high operational reliability, and may save time and cost of management and development. According to one embodiment, one unit may have multiple functions, which may lead to a high performance/price ratio. 
       Example 2 
       [0055]    According to some embodiments, as shown in  FIGS. 1-4  and  FIG. 10 , an HVAC system may include a THERMOSTAT and an HVAC system controller that originally controls a PSC motor. The THERMOSTAT may input control signals to the HVAC system controller, and the multi-function ECM motor may be used to directly replace the original PSC motor. The multi-function ECM motor may include a motor  1  and a motor controller  2 . The motor controller  2  may include a control box  21  and a control circuit board  22  installed in the control box  21 . The control circuit board  22  may be integrated with a microprocessor, an inverter circuit, a tap detection circuit and a power source portion. The power source portion may be connected to an external AC power source input, and the output terminal of the power source portion may supply power to all circuits. The tap detection circuit may be connected to 5 tap input lines (N 1 , N 2 , N 3 , N 4  and N 5 ), wherein only one tap input line may be selected to be in the on state, and the remaining lines may be selected to be in the off state without electricity. The tap detection circuit may further include a first AC input wire N, a second AC input wire L, a common wire COM, a ground wire E, a first jumper wire L 1  and a second jumper wire L 2 . The tap detection circuit may include several current sensing units. Each tap input line may be connected to an input terminal of a current sensing unit. The first jumper wire L 1  may be connected with the second AC input wire L, and the second jumper wire L 2  may be connected with the common wire COM. The second input terminals of the current sensing units may be connected in parallel and then connected with the common wire COM and the second jumper wire L 2 , respectively. The output terminal of the current sensing unit may be connected to the input terminal of the microprocessor, and the microprocessor may select an operational parameter for the motor based on the detected on state signal of each tap input line and may control the motor to run according to the selected operational parameter. 
         [0056]    A total of 7 wires, which may include the 5 tap input lines (N 1 , N 2 , N 3 , N 4  and N 5 ), the first AC input wire N, and the ground wire E, are connected to the HVAC system controller. The first jumper wire L 1  and the second jumper wire L 2  may be shorted with a socket connector. One of the 5 tap input lines (N 1 , N 2 , N 3 , N 4  and N 5 ) may be for a high-voltage AC to pass through, and one of the 5 tap input lines (N 1 , N 2 , N 3 , N 4  and N 5 ) and the first AC input wire N may act as the AC power input and may be connected in parallel into the power source portion. The second AC input wire L and the common wire COM may be suspended without connection. The microprocessor may be further connected with a serial communication unit, and the microprocessor may establish an external communication connection via the serial communication unit and form a serial communication port. The power source portion may include a voltage multiplication and conversion device, and by connecting or breaking the voltage multiplication and conversion device at the power source setting port with a connector, the voltage multiplication and conversion device may be in an operating state of one time or two times of the voltage. The microprocessor may be further connected with a turning setting circuit, and by connecting or breaking the turning setting circuit at the turn setting port with a connector, the turning setting circuit may send a control signal to the microprocessor. The microprocessor may control the forward or backward rotation of the motor through the inverter circuit. 
         [0057]    In some embodiments, a wiring sheath  3  may be installed on the control box  21 . A total of 9 wires  4 , including the 5 tap input lines (N 1 , N 2 , N 3 , N 4  and N 5 ), the first AC input wire N, the ground wire E, the second AC input wire L and the common wire COM, may be guided out from the wiring sheath  3 . A jumper wire box  5  may be installed on the wiring sheath  3 , and a serial communication port, a power source setting port, a turn setting port, and a motor type selection port may be installed in the jumper wire box  5 . A connector may be installed at the serial communication port, the power source setting port, the turn setting port, and the motor type selection port, respectively. The connector of the motor type selection port may be electrically connected with the first jumper wire L 1  and the second jumper wire L 2 , respectively. The first jumper wire L 1  and the second jumper wire L 2  may be electrically connected or disconnected by installing or unplugging a connector at the motor type selection port. 
         [0058]    According to some embodiments, the HVAC system may have a simple structure. In addition, the HVAC system may use the ECM motor disclosed herein to replace a PSC motor. The installation may be simple, the wiring may be convenient, the original HVAC system structure may not need to be changed, the retrofitting cost may be low, the application range may be wide, and the electric efficiency may be higher. 
       Example 3 
       [0059]    As shown in  FIGS. 1-4  and  FIG. 11 , an embodiment of this disclosure may be an HVAC system that includes a THERMOSTAT and an HVAC system controller that originally controls an ECM motor. The THERMOSTAT may input control signals to the HVAC system controller, and the multi-function ECM motor may be used to directly replace the original ECM motor. The multi-function ECM motor may include a motor  1  and a motor controller  2 . The motor controller  2  may include a control box  21  and a control circuit board  22  installed in the control box  21 . The control circuit board  22  may be integrated with a microprocessor, an inverter circuit, a tap detection circuit and a power source portion. The power source portion may be connected to an external AC power source input, and the output terminal of the power source portion may supply power to all circuits. In some embodiments, the tap detection circuit may be connected to 5 tap input lines (N 1 , N 2 , N 3 , N 4  and N 5 ), wherein only one tap input line may be selected to be in the on state, and the remaining lines may be selected to be in the off state without electricity. The tap detection circuit may further include a first AC input wire N, a second AC input wire L, a common wire COM, a ground wire E, a first jumper wire L 1 , and a second jumper wire L 2 . The tap detection circuit may include several current sensing units, and each tap input line may be connected to an input terminal of a current sensing unit. The first jumper wire L 1  may be connected with the second AC input wire L, and the second jumper wire L 2  may be connected with the common wire COM. The second input terminals of the current sensing unit may be connected in parallel and then connected with the common wire COM and the second jumper wire L 2 . The output terminal of the current sensing unit may be connected to the input terminal of the microprocessor, and the microprocessor may select an operational parameter for the motor based on the detected on state signal of each tap input line and may control the motor to run according to the selected operational parameter. 
         [0060]    In some embodiments, a total of 9 wires, which may include the 5 tap input lines (N 1 , N 2 , N 3 , N 4  and N 5 ), the first AC input wire N, the ground wire E, the second AC input wire L and the common wire COM, may be connected to the HVAC system controller. The first jumper wire L 1  and the second jumper wire L 2  may be disconnected, and the first AC input wire N and the second AC input wire L may act as the external AC power input and may be connected in parallel into the power source portion. One of the 5 tap input lines (N 1 , N 2 , N 3 , N 4  and N 5 ) may be for a 24 V low-voltage AC to pass through, and the common wire COM may detect signals and may output the same to the HVAC system controller. The microprocessor may be further connected with a serial communication unit, and the microprocessor may establish an external communication connection via the serial communication unit and form a serial communication port. The power source portion may include a voltage multiplication and conversion device, and by connecting or breaking the voltage multiplication and conversion device at the power source setting port with a connector, the voltage multiplication and conversion device may be in an operating state of one time or two times of the voltage. The microprocessor may be further connected with a turning setting circuit, and by connecting or breaking the turning setting circuit at the turn setting port with a connector, the turning setting circuit may send a control signal to the microprocessor. The microprocessor may control the forward or backward rotation of the motor through the inverter circuit. 
         [0061]    In some embodiments, a wiring sheath  3  may be installed on the control box  21 . A total of 9 wires  4 , including the 5 tap input lines (N 1 , N 2 , N 3 , N 4  and N 5 ), the first AC input wire N, the ground wire E, the second AC input wire L and the common wire COM, may be guided out from the wiring sheath  3 . A jumper wire box  4  may be installed on the wiring sheath  3 , and a serial communication port, a power source setting port, a turn setting port, and a motor type selection port may be installed in the jumper wire box  4 . A connector may be installed at the serial communication port, the power source setting port, the turn setting port, and the motor type selection port, respectively, and the connector of the motor type selection port may be electrically connected with the first jumper wire L 1  and the second jumper wire L 2 , respectively. The first jumper wire L 1  and the second jumper wire L 2  may be electrically connected or disconnected by installing or unplugging a connector at the motor type selection port. 
         [0062]    In some embodiments, the HVAC system may have a simple structure. The HVAC system may use an embodiment of the ECM motor disclosed herein to replace an ECM motor that uses AC inputs as tap signals. The installation may be simple, the wiring may be convenient, the original HVAC system structure may not need to be changed, the retrofitting cost may be low, the application range may be wide, and the electric efficiency may be higher. 
         [0063]    The examples above are preferred embodiments of the disclosure, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereby. Any other change, modification, substitution, combination, and simplification without departing from the spirit, essence and principle of the present utility model are equivalent substitutions and shall be encompassed by the present disclosure. 
         [0064]    Although the present disclosure and its advantages have been described in detail, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure as defined by the appended claims. Moreover, the scope of the present application is not intended to be limited to the particular embodiments of the process, machine, manufacture, composition of matter, means, methods and steps described in the specification. As one of ordinary skill in the art will readily appreciate from the disclosure of the present disclosure, processes, machines, manufacture, compositions of matter, means, methods, or steps, presently existing or later to be developed that perform substantially the same function or achieve substantially the same result as the corresponding embodiments described herein may be utilized according to the present disclosure. Accordingly, the appended claims are intended to include within their scope such processes, machines, manufacture, compositions of matter, means, methods, or steps.