فهرست نخست وزیران بریتانیا

ترزا می
نخست وزیر انگلستان رئیس دولت بریتانیا و رئیس کابینه جلسات است.
نخست وزیر پادشاهی متحد بریتانیا و ایرلند شمالی رئیس دولت ملکه در بریتانیا است. نخست وزیر و هیئت دولت (شامل بالاترین وزراء که سران دولت هستند) همه جوابگوی تمام سیاست‌ها و اقداماتشان به پادشاه/ملکه، پارلمان، حزب سیاسی‌شان و نهایتا به رای‌دهندگان می‌باشند. نخست وزیر فعلی، ترزا می‌در ۱۳ ژوئیه۲۰۱۶ از سوی ملکه الیزابت دوم منصوب شد.
فهرست نخست وزیران
رنگ کلید
(احزاب سیاسی)
Portrait
Name
Honorifics - Constituency
(Birth–Death)
Term of officeElectoral mandates
Other ministerial offices
held while Prime Minister
Political party
Government
Monarch
(Reign)
Refs
96x96پیکسل
The Right Honourable رابرت والپول
KG KB
MP for Kings Lynn until 1742
Earl of Orford from 1742
(1676–1745)
4 April
۱۷۲۱
15 May
۱۷۳۰
– First Lord of the Treasury
– Chancellor of the Exchequer
– Leader of the House of Commons
Whig
Walpole/Townshend
George I 106x106پیکسل
(1714–1727)
15 May
۱۷۳۰
11 February
۱۷۴۲
Walpole
۱۷۲۲, ۱۷۲۷, ۱۷۳۴, ۱۷۴۱
Regarded as the first Prime Minister in the modern sense; aftermath of the South Sea Bubble crash in 1720; Licensing Act 1737; resigned, five days after being raised from House of Commons to the Lords, after a failing performance in dealing with the War of Jenkins Ear, which began in 1739, and accusations of corruption in 1742.
George II 117x117پیکسل
(1727–1760)
99x99پیکسل
The Right Honourable
Spencer Compton,
1st Earl of Wilmington
KG KB PC
(1673–1743)
16 February
۱۷۴۲
2 July
1743 †
– First Lord of the Treasury
Whig
Carteret
Titular head of the Carteret ministry; first Speaker of the House of Commons to become Prime Minister; first Prime Minister to begin office from House of Lords and first to serve without occurrence of a General Election. Increased tax on spirits; in poor health for much of his time as Prime Minister. †Died in office.
99x99پیکسل
The Right Honourable
Henry Pelham
FRS
MP for Sussex
(1694–1754)
27 August
۱۷۴۳
10 February
۱۷۴۶
– First Lord of the Treasury
– Chancellor of the Exchequer
– Leader of the House of Commons
Whig
Carteret;
Broad Bottom
12 February
۱۷۴۶
6 March
1754 †
۱۷۴۷
First Prime Minister never to have sat in the House of Lords. Entered and saw to completion British involvement in the War of the Austrian Succession in 1744–48; Jacobite Rising in 1745–46; two Carnatic Wars in 1746–54; reorganisation of the Royal Navy in the Consolidation Act 1749; adoption of the Gregorian calendar in 1752; Jewish Naturalisation Act 1753; Marriage Act 1753. †Died in office.
89x89پیکسل
His Grace
Thomas Pelham-Holles,
1st Duke of Newcastle
KG PC FRS
(1693–1768)
16 March
۱۷۵۴
16 November
۱۷۵۶
– First Lord of the Treasury
– Leader of the House of Lords
Whig
Newcastle I
۱۷۵۴
First Prime Minister to have never sat in the House of Commons. Took over Government after his brother died in office; controversially attempted to reduce interest on national debt; led Britain into the French and Indian War in 1754, absorbed, after the Fall of Minorca into the Seven Years War; replaced due to poor performance in the war.
99x99پیکسل
His Grace
William Cavendish,
4th Duke of Devonshire
KG PC
(1720–1764)
16 November
۱۷۵۶
25 June
۱۷۵۷
– First Lord of the Treasury
– Leader of the House of Lords
Whig
Pitt–Devonshire;
1757 Caretaker
Replaced Newcastle. First non-graduate Prime Minister. The government was largely run by William Pitt the Elder until dismissed for his opposition to the course of the continental war and the court-martial and execution of Admiral Byng; resigned at will of the King and due to public outrage at the execution of Byng.
89x89پیکسل
His Grace
Thomas Pelham-Holles,
1st Duke of Newcastle
KG PC FRS
(1693–1768)
2 July
۱۷۵۷
26 May
۱۷۶۲
– First Lord of the Treasury
– Leader of the House of Lords
Whig
Newcastle II
۱۷۶۱
Focused on the Seven Years War, prosecuted largely by Pitt the Elder as Secretary of State; executed a strategy of continental war combined with expeditions against French colonies; Annus Mirabilis of 1759; captured Senegal, Gambia, Louisbourg, Quebec, defended Madras and prevented a French invasion of Britain with naval victories at Lagos and Quiberon; George IIIs personal opposition led to a change of ministry.
George III 116x116پیکسل
(1760–1820)
90x90پیکسل
The Right Honourable
John Stuart,
3rd Earl of Bute
KG PC
(1713–1792)
26 May
۱۷۶۲
8 April
۱۷۶۳
– First Lord of the Treasury
– Leader of the House of Lords
Tory
Bute
First Scottish Prime Minister, and (as member of the Scottish Episcopal Church) first non-Anglican British Prime Minister. Ended the dominance of the Whigs; Treaty of Paris (1763) ending the Seven Years War; resigned after fierce criticism of Treaty of Paris concessions.
101x101پیکسل
The Right Honourable
George Grenville
PC
MP for Buckingham
(1712–1770)
16 April
۱۷۶۳
13 July
۱۷۶۵
– First Lord of the Treasury
– Chancellor of the Exchequer
– Leader of the House of Commons
Whig
(Grenvillite)
Grenville
Briefly lowered domestic tax at the expense of the colonies, though this was rapidly repealed; introduced the unenforceable Stamp Act 1765 (popularly cited as one of the causes of the American Revolution). His repealing of the taxes he rolled out were for all except that on tea, which was used as a reason for the Boston Tea Party. At home rocked by his prosecution of John Wilkes over issue 45 of The North Briton.
110x110پیکسل
The Most Honourable
Charles Watson-Wentworth,
2nd Marquess of Rockingham
KG PC FRS
(1730–1782)
13 July
۱۷۶۵
30 July
۱۷۶۶
– First Lord of the Treasury
– Leader of the House of Lords
Whig
(Rockingham)
Rockingham I
Repealed the controversial Stamp Act 1765, inspired by protests from both American colonists and British manufacturers who were affected by it and its difficulty to enforce; introduced the Declaratory Act 1766.
107x107پیکسل
The Right Honourable
William Pitt ‘the Elder’,
1st Earl of Chatham
PC FRS
MP for Bath until 1766
Earl of Chatham from 1766
(1708–1778)
30 July
۱۷۶۶
14 October
۱۷۶۸
– Lord Privy Seal
Whig
(Chathamite)
Chatham
۱۷۶۸
Brother-in-law of George Grenville. Raised to House of Lords from Commons five days into his term. Due to struggles with gout, remained distant from his colleagues. Under his ministry, the Chancellor Charles Townshend, acting largely independently, brought forth the Townshend Acts, which inflamed the situation in the American colonies.
102x102پیکسل
His Grace
Augustus FitzRoy,
3rd Duke of Grafton
KG PC FRS
(1735–1811)
14 October
۱۷۶۸
28 January
۱۷۷۰
– First Lord of the Treasury
– Leader of the House of Lords
Whig
(Chathamite)
Grafton
Attempted to reconcile with the American colonies. Only Prime Minister to divorce then remarry while in office.
101x101پیکسل
The Right Honourable
Frederick North,
Lord North
KG PC
MP for Banbury
(1732–1792)
28 January
۱۷۷۰
22 March
۱۷۸۲
– First Lord of the Treasury
– Chancellor of the Exchequer
– Leader of the House of Commons
Tory
North
۱۷۷۴, ۱۷۸۰
Led Great Britain into the American Revolution; John Wilkes released; Gordon Riots; attempted reform in Ireland; resigned after a vote of no confidence against the will of the King.
110x110پیکسل
The Most Honourable
Charles Watson-Wentworth,
2nd Marquess of Rockingham
KG PC
(1730–1782)
27 March
۱۷۸۲
1 July
1782 †
– First Lord of the Treasury
– Leader of the House of Lords
Whig
(Rockingham)
Rockingham II
Acknowledged the independence of the United States; began a process of economic reform. †Died in office.
109x109پیکسل
The Right Honourable
William Petty,
2nd Earl of Shelburne
KG PC
(1737–1805)
4 July
۱۷۸۲
2 April
۱۷۸۳
– First Lord of the Treasury
– Leader of the House of Lords
Whig
(Chathamite)
Shelburne
First Irish-born Prime Minister and first of only two to have been a general; planned political reform; secured peace with the United States, France and Spain.
97x97پیکسل
His Grace
William Cavendish-Bentinck,
3rd Duke of Portland
PC FRS
(1738–1809)
2 April
۱۷۸۳
19 December
۱۷۸۳
– First Lord of the Treasury
– Leader of the House of Lords
Whig
Fox–North Coalition
Son-in-law of the Duke of Devonshire. Titular head of the Fox–North Coalition. Attempted to reform the British East India Company, but was blocked by George III.
92x92پیکسل
The Right Honourable
William Pitt ‘the Younger’
MP for Appleby until 1784
MP for Cambridge University from 1784
(1759–1806)
19 December
۱۷۸۳
14 March
۱۸۰۱
– First Lord of the Treasury
– Chancellor of the Exchequer
– Leader of the House of Commons
Tory
(Pittite)
Pitt I
۱۷۸۴, ۱۷۹۰, ۱۷۹۶
Son of the Earl of Chatham (Pitt the Elder). Youngest Prime Minister, aged 24. India Act 1784; attempted to remove rotten boroughs; personally opposed to the slave trade; reduced the national debt due to the rebellion in the North American colonies; formed the Triple Alliance; Constitutional Act 1791; Macartney Embassy (1792–94), first of its kind to China; war with France starting in 1793; Cape Colony (South Africa) taken in 1795; introduced the first income tax; Acts of Union 1800; first national Census, held in March 1801. Resigned due to opposition of George III to Catholic emancipation.
96x96پیکسل
The Right Honourable
Henry Addington
MP for Devizes
(1757–1844)
17 March
۱۸۰۱
10 May
۱۸۰۴
– First Lord of the Treasury
– Chancellor of the Exchequer
– Leader of the House of Commons
Tory
(Pittite)
Addington
1801 co-option, ۱۸۰۲
Second Speaker of the House of Commons to become Prime Minister. Negotiated the Treaty of Amiens with France in 1802. Although Addington had been a Pittite, and had invited Pitt to join his Government, Pitt went into opposition and ousted Addington.
92x92پیکسل
The Right Honourable
William Pitt ‘the Younger’
MP for Cambridge University
(1759–1806)
10 May
۱۸۰۴
23 January
1806 †
– First Lord of the Treasury
– Chancellor of the Exchequer
– Leader of the House of Commons
Tory
(Pittite)
Pitt II
Alliance with Russia, Austria and Sweden against France (Third Coalition) which lasted until the Battles of Ulm and Austerlitz; Battle of Trafalgar; †Died in office.
106x106پیکسل
The Right Honourable
William Wyndham Grenville,
1st Baron Grenville
PC FRS
(1759–1834)
11 February
۱۸۰۶
31 March
۱۸۰۷
– First Lord of the Treasury
– Leader of the House of Lords
Whig
Ministry of All the Talents
۱۸۰۶
Son of George Grenville and cousin of Pitt the Younger. Third and most recent Speaker of the House of Commons to become Prime Minister. Abolition of the slave trade.
97x97پیکسل
His Grace
William Cavendish-Bentinck,
3rd Duke of Portland
KG PC FRS
(1738–1809)
31 March
۱۸۰۷
4 October
۱۸۰۹
– First Lord of the Treasury
Tory
(nominally Whig)
Portland II
۱۸۰۷
Although Portland described himself as a Whig, he was invited to head a Tory government. Was old and ill, leaving the Cabinet to their own devices (largely headed by Spencer Perceval). Government destabilised by a dispute between Foreign Secretary George Canning and War - Colonies Secretary Lord Castlereagh which culminated in a duel. Portland resigned in response, dying 26 days after leaving office.
116x116پیکسل
The Right Honourable
Spencer Perceval
KC
MP for Northampton
(1762–1812)
4 October
۱۸۰۹
11 May
1812 †
– First Lord of the Treasury
– Chancellor of the Exchequer
– Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster
– Leader of the House of Commons
Tory
Perceval
Two-greats-nephew of Lord Wilmington (above). His administration was notable for the lack of senior statesmen (note concurrent offices served); descent of George III into madness and the outset of the Regency era; Peninsular War, part of the Napoleonic Wars. †The only Prime Minister to have been assassinated, shot by John Bellingham.
93x93پیکسل
The Right Honourable
Robert Banks Jenkinson,
2nd Earl of Liverpool
KG PC FRS
(1770–1828)
8 June
۱۸۱۲
9 April
۱۸۲۷
– First Lord of the Treasury
– Leader of the House of Lords
Tory
Liverpool
۱۸۱۲, ۱۸۱۸, ۱۸۲۰, ۱۸۲۶
Oversaw UK victory in the Napoleonic Wars; War of 1812 (in the UK, the American War of 1812–15); Congress of Vienna; an economic recession in 1817; Luddite movement; Peterloo Massacre, return to the gold standard and victory over the Marathas in the Third Anglo-Maratha War in 1819; end of Regency era and the Cato Street Conspiracy to assassinate Liverpool in 1820. Retired when he suffered a cerebral haemorrhage; died the following year.
George IV 108x108پیکسل
(1820–1830)
101x101پیکسل
The Right Honourable
George Canning
FRS
MP for Seaford
(1770–1827)
10 April
۱۸۲۷
8 August
1827 †
– First Lord of the Treasury
– Chancellor of the Exchequer
– Leader of the House of Commons
Tory
(Canningite)
Canning
(Canningite–Whig)
To this day the shortest-serving British prime minister. †Died shortly after taking office.
106x106پیکسل
The Right Honourable
Frederick John Robinson,
1st Viscount Goderich
PC
(1782–1859)
31 August
۱۸۲۷
21 January
۱۸۲۸
– First Lord of the Treasury
– Leader of the House of Lords
Tory
(Canningite)
Goderich
(Canningite–Whig)
Lacked support amongst colleagues; resigned shortly after taking office.
91x91پیکسل
Field Marshal His Grace
Arthur Wellesley,
1st Duke of Wellington
KG GCB GCH PC
(1769–1852)
22 January
۱۸۲۸
16 November
۱۸۳۰
– First Lord of the Treasury
– Leader of the House of Lords
Tory
Wellington
۱۸۳۰
William IV 106x106پیکسل
(1830–1837)
Second Irish-born Prime Minister and second of only two British Prime Ministers to have been a general (in both cases after Lord Shelburne); Catholic Emancipation Bill (over which he fought a duel).
118x118پیکسل
The Right Honourable
Charles Grey,
2nd Earl Grey
KG PC
(1764–1845)
22 November
۱۸۳۰
9 July
۱۸۳۴
– First Lord of the Treasury
– Leader of the House of Lords
Whig
Grey
۱۸۳۱, ۱۸۳۲
Reform Act 1832; quelled Swing Riots; restriction of employment of children; reform of the Poor Laws; abolition of slavery throughout the British Empire.
110x110پیکسل
The Right Honourable
William Lamb,
2nd Viscount Melbourne
PC
(1779–1848)
16 July
۱۸۳۴
14 November
۱۸۳۴
– First Lord of the Treasury
– Leader of the House of Lords
Whig
Melbourne I
The last prime minister to be dismissed by a king (William IV) shortly after taking office. Accidental burning of Parliament took place during that time (October), following which the Palace of Westminster was rebuilt in present form.
91x91پیکسل
Field Marshal His Grace
Arthur Wellesley,
1st Duke of Wellington
KG GCB GCH PC
(1769–1852)
14 November
۱۸۳۴
10 December
۱۸۳۴
– First Lord of the Treasury
– Secretary of State for the Home Department
– Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs
– Secretary of State for War and the Colonies
– Leader of the House of Lords
Tory
Wellington Caretaker
Caretaker government while Sir Robert Peel was located and returned to London. Concurrently held many of the major posts himself, becoming only Prime Minister to also be Home Secretary.
110x110پیکسل
The Right Honourable
Sir Robert Peel , Bt
FRS
MP for Tamworth
(1788–1850)
10 December
۱۸۳۴
8 April
۱۸۳۵
– First Lord of the Treasury
– Chancellor of the Exchequer
– Leader of the House of Commons
Conservative
Peel I
1835 §
§Minority government. Unable to form a majority in Parliament so resigned.
110x110پیکسل
The Right Honourable
William Lamb,
2nd Viscount Melbourne
PC FRS
(1779–1848)
18 April
۱۸۳۵
30 August
۱۸۴۱
– First Lord of the Treasury
– Leader of the House of Lords
Whig
Melbourne II;
Melbourne III
۱۸۳۵, ۱۸۳۷
Victoria 95x95پیکسل
(1837–1901)
Returned by re-election after dismissal; a father figure to Queen Victoria; Municipal Corporations Act 1835; Bedchamber crisis; Uniform Penny Post; Treaty of Waitangi.
110x110پیکسل
The Right Honourable
Sir Robert Peel , Bt
FRS
MP for Tamworth
(1788–1850)
30 August
۱۸۴۱
29 June
۱۸۴۶
– First Lord of the Treasury
– Leader of the House of Commons
Conservative
Peel II
۱۸۴۱
Mines Act 1842; reintroduction of income tax; Factories Act 1844; Railway Regulation Act 1844; repeal of the Corn Laws (triggered by the Great Irish Potato Famine) and other tariffs; Maynooth Grant.
92x92پیکسل
The Right Honourable
Lord John Russell
GCMG PC FRS
MP for City of London
(1792–1878)
30 June
۱۸۴۶
21 February
۱۸۵۲
– First Lord of the Treasury
– Leader of the House of Commons
Whig
Russell I
1847 §
§Minority government, but with the Conservatives split between Protectionists and Peelites, the Whigs held power. Education Act 1847; Don Pacifico affair; Chartist demonstrations; Australian Colonies Government Act; The Great Exhibition; improved the Poor laws; ministry ended by a vote of no confidence on a militia bill.
108x108پیکسل
The Right Honourable
Edward Smith-Stanley,
14th Earl of Derby
PC
(1799–1869)
23 February
۱۸۵۲
17 December
۱۸۵۲
– First Lord of the Treasury
– Leader of the House of Lords
Conservative
Derby I
(‘Who? Who?’)
۱۸۵۲
Considered by some to be the father of the modern Conservative Party. Government collapsed when his Chancellors Budget was defeated.
84x84پیکسل
The Right Honourable
George Hamilton-Gordon,
4th Earl of Aberdeen
KG KT FRSE FRS PC FSA(Scot)
(1784–1860)
19 December
۱۸۵۲
30 January
۱۸۵۵
– First Lord of the Treasury
– Leader of the House of Lords
Peelite
Aberdeen
(Peelite–Whig)
Led the country into the Crimean War; resigned after defeat in the vote for an inquiry into the conduct of the war.
97x97پیکسل
The Right Honourable
Henry John Temple,
3rd Viscount Palmerston
KG GCB PC FRS
MP for Tiverton
(1784–1865)
6 February
۱۸۵۵
19 February
۱۸۵۸
– First Lord of the Treasury
– Leader of the House of Commons
Whig
Palmerston I
۱۸۵۷
An Irish peer, enabling him to sit in the House of Commons. Responded to the Indian Mutiny of 1857; introduced the India Bill.
108x108پیکسل
The Right Honourable
Edward Smith-Stanley,
14th Earl of Derby
KG PC
(1799–1869)
20 February
۱۸۵۸
11 June
۱۸۵۹
– First Lord of the Treasury
– Leader of the House of Lords
Conservative
Derby II
Government of India Act 1858, transferring ownership of the East India Company to the Crown; Jews Relief Act, allowing Jews to become MPs.
97x97پیکسل
The Right Honourable
Henry John Temple,
3rd Viscount Palmerston
KG GCB PC FRS
MP for Tiverton
(1784–1865)
12 June
۱۸۵۹
18 October
1865 †
– First Lord of the Treasury
– Leader of the House of Commons
Liberal
Palmerston II
۱۸۵۹, ۱۸۶۵
Between periods in office he founded the Liberal Party; term dominated by policy concerning the American Civil War; attempts to alleviate suffering caused by the Lancashire Cotton Famine. †Died in office (last and oldest Prime Minister to have done so).
92x92پیکسل
The Right Honourable
John Russell,
1st Earl Russell
KG GCMG PC FRS
(1792–1878)
29 October
۱۸۶۵
26 June
۱۸۶۶
– First Lord of the Treasury
– Leader of the House of Lords
Liberal
Russell II
Returned to take over government after Lord Palmerston died in office. Only Prime Minister to have served separate terms of office respectively from House of Commons (previous term) and the Lords (this term). Attempted to introduce a further Reform Bill, but was opposed by his Cabinet.
108x108پیکسل
The Right Honourable
Edward Smith-Stanley,
14th Earl of Derby
KG PC
(1799–1869)
28 June
۱۸۶۶
25 February
۱۸۶۸
– First Lord of the Treasury
– Leader of the House of Lords
Conservative
Derby III
Reform Act 1867; Canada becomes first Dominion within British Empire.
111x111پیکسل
The Right Honourable
Benjamin Disraeli
MP for Buckinghamshire
(1804–1881)
27 February
۱۸۶۸
1 December
۱۸۶۸
– First Lord of the Treasury
– Leader of the House of Commons
Conservative
Disraeli I
Only ethnically Jewish Prime Minister; dissolved Parliament as the Conservatives did not have a majority.
102x102پیکسل
The Right Honourable
William Ewart Gladstone
FSS
MP for Greenwich
(1809–1898)
3 December
۱۸۶۸
17 February
۱۸۷۴
– First Lord of the Treasury
– Leader of the House of Commons
– Chancellor of the Exchequer (1873–74)
Liberal
Gladstone I
۱۸۶۸
Introduced reforms to the British Army, Civil Service and local government; made peacetime flogging illegal; Irish Church Act 1869; Irish Land Act 1870; Education Act 1870; Trade Union Act 1871; Ballot Act 1872; Licensing Act 1872; failed to prevent the Franco-Prussian War; allowed mitigation of the Bihar famine of 1873–74.
111x111پیکسل
The Right Honourable
Benjamin Disraeli,
1st Earl of Beaconsfield
KG PC FRS
MP for Buckinghamshire until 1876
Earl of Beaconsfield from 1876
(1804–1881)
20 February
۱۸۷۴
21 April
۱۸۸۰
– First Lord of the Treasury
– Leader of the House of Commons (1874–76)
– Lord Privy Seal (1876–78)
– Leader of the House of Lords (1876–80)
Conservative
Disraeli II
۱۸۷۴
Last Prime Minister to be raised from House of Commons to the Lords in office. Various social reforms including the Climbing Boys Act, the Public Health Act and the Artisans Dwellings Act of 1875; oversaw the Great Indian Famine of 1876–78; purchase of shares in the Suez Canal Company; Congress of Berlin; reintroduction of Queen Victoria to public life, including bestowing the title Empress of India; Second Anglo-Afghan War; breaking up of the League of the Three Emperors; Zulu War; start of Long Depression.
102x102پیکسل
The Right Honourable
William Ewart Gladstone
FRS FSS
MP for Midlothian
(1809–1898)
23 April
۱۸۸۰
9 June
۱۸۸۵
– First Lord of the Treasury
– Leader of the House of Commons
– Chancellor of the Exchequer (1880–82)
Liberal
Gladstone II
۱۸۸۰
First Prime Minister representing a Scottish constituency in office. First Boer War; Childers Reforms of British Army; Irish Coercion Act; Kilmainham Treaty; Phoenix Park Murders; Married Womens Property Act 1882; Corrupt and Illegal Practices Prevention Act 1883; Reform Act 1884, Redistribution of Seats Act 1885 (sometimes known collectively as the Third Reform Act); failure to rescue General Gordon in Khartoum, Sudan.
104x104پیکسل
The Most Honourable
Robert Gascoyne-Cecil,
3rd Marquess of Salisbury
KG GCVO PC FRS
(1830–1903)
23 June
۱۸۸۵
28 January
۱۸۸۶
– Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs
– Leader of the House of Lords
Conservative
Salisbury I
1885 §
§Minority government. Legislation provided for housing the working class; Iddesleigh served as First Lord of the Treasury.
102x102پیکسل
The Right Honourable
William Ewart Gladstone
FRS FSS
MP for Midlothian
(1809–1898)
1 February
۱۸۸۶
20 July
۱۸۸۶
– First Lord of the Treasury
– Lord Privy Seal
– Leader of the House of Commons
Liberal
Gladstone III
۱۸۸۵
First introduction of the Home Rule Bill for Ireland, which split the Liberal Party, resulting in the end of Gladstones third elected government.
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The Most Honourable
Robert Gascoyne-Cecil,
3rd Marquess of Salisbury
KG GCVO PC FRS
(1830–1903)
25 July
۱۸۸۶
11 August
۱۸۹۲
– Leader of the House of Lords
– First Lord of the Treasury (1886–87)
– Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs (1887–92)
Conservative
Salisbury II
۱۸۸۶
Opposed Irish home rule; repeal of final Contagious Diseases Act; Local Government Act 1888; Partition of Africa; Prevention of Cruelty to, and Protection of, Children Act 1889; Free Education Act 1891; creation of Rhodesia (now Zimbabwe); New Unionism and London Dock strike of 1889. W. H. Smith served as First Lord of the Treasury, 1887–92.
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The Right Honourable
William Ewart Gladstone
FRS FSS
MP for Midlothian
(1809–1898)
15 August
۱۸۹۲
2 March
۱۸۹۴
– First Lord of the Treasury
– Lord Privy Seal
– Leader of the House of Commons
Liberal
Gladstone IV
1892 §
§Minority government. Reintroduction of the Home Rule Bill, which was passed by the House of Commons but rejected by the House of Lords leading to his fourth and final resignation. To date the oldest elected prime minister.
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The Right Honourable
Archibald Primrose,
5th Earl of Rosebery
KG PC FRS
(1847–1929)
5 March
۱۸۹۴
22 June
۱۸۹۵
– First Lord of the Treasury
– Lord President of the Council
– Leader of the House of Lords
Liberal
Rosebery
Imperialist; plans for expanding the Royal Navy caused disagreement within the Liberal Party; resigned following a vote of censure over military supplies.
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The Most Honourable
Robert Gascoyne-Cecil,
3rd Marquess of Salisbury
KG GCVO PC FRS
(1830–1903)
25 June
۱۸۹۵
11 July
۱۹۰۲
– Leader of the House of Lords
– Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs (1895–1900)
– Lord Privy Seal (1900–02)
Conservative
Salisbury III
(Cons. –Lib.U.)
۱۸۹۵, ۱۹۰۰
Edward VII 116x116پیکسل
(1901–1910)
Workmens Compensation Act 1897; Anglo-Zanzibar War; Fashoda Incident; Second Boer War and Khaki election; Anglo-Japanese Alliance. Last Prime Minister to serve office entirely from the House of Lords, throughout his terms. Resigned in ill health; died the following year.
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The Right Honourable
Arthur Balfour
OM FRS DL
MP for Manchester East
(1848–1930)
11 July
۱۹۰۲
5 December
۱۹۰۵
– First Lord of the Treasury
– Leader of the House of Commons
Conservative
Balfour
(Cons. –Lib.U.)
Nephew (via mother) of the Marquess of Salisbury. Had poor relations with Edward VII; his cabinet was split over free trade; establishment of the Committee of Imperial Defence; Entente Cordiale; Education Act 1902; Taff Vale case; Dogger Bank incident.
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The Right Honourable Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman
GCB
MP for Stirling Burghs
(1836–1908)
5 December
۱۹۰۵
7 April
۱۹۰۸
– First Lord of the Treasury
– Leader of the House of Commons
Liberal
Campbell-Bannerman
۱۹۰۶
Restored autonomy to Transvaal and the Orange Free State; Anglo-Russian Entente; Haldane Reforms of British Army; Probation Act 1907; first Prime Minister to be referred to as such in Parliamentary legislation. Resigned due to ill health; died nineteen days after leaving office.
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The Right Honourable
Herbert Henry Asquith
KC FRS
MP for East Fife
(1852–1928)
7 April
۱۹۰۸
25 May
۱۹۱۵
– First Lord of the Treasury
– Leader of the House of Commons
– Secretary of State for War (1914)
Liberal
Asquith I
25 May
۱۹۱۵
7 December
۱۹۱۶
Asquith II
(Lib. –Cons. –Lab.)
George V 113x113پیکسل
(1910–1936)
Jan. 1910 § , Dec. 1910 §
§Hung Parliaments. Liberal welfare reforms; Peoples Budget; Old-Age Pensions Act 1908 and National Insurance Act 1911; Parliament Act 1911; Suffragettes and the Cat and Mouse Act; Home Rule Act 1914; World War I begins; Easter Rising. Last Prime Minister to concurrently serve as War Secretary (between Curragh Mutiny and World War I outbreak).
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The Right Honourable
David Lloyd George
OM
MP for Caernarvon Boroughs
(1863–1945)
7 December
۱۹۱۶
19 October
۱۹۲۲
– First Lord of the Treasury
Liberal
Lloyd George
(Lib. –Cons. –Lab.)
۱۹۱۸
Welsh-speaking: only Prime Minister whose mother tongue was not English, and first Prime Minister to represent a Welsh constituency in office. End of World War I with added alliance of the United States, and Allied intervention in the Russian Civil War; Paris Peace Conference; Chanak Crisis. All adult males and women over 30 years of age enfranchised in 1918. Aided in ending the Irish War of Independence and the establishment of the Irish Free State by means of the Anglo-Irish Treaty. Geddess Axe; BBC incorporated. Last Prime Minister who was not a member of either the Conservative or Labour parties.
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The Right Honourable
Andrew Bonar Law
MP for Glasgow Central
(1858–1923)
23 October
۱۹۲۲
20 May
۱۹۲۳
– First Lord of the Treasury
– Leader of the House of Commons
Conservative
Bonar Law
۱۹۲۲
Canadian-born: only Prime Minister born outside the British Isles. Became Prime Minister following Conservative backbenchers decision at the Carlton Club meeting to withdraw from the Lloyd George Coalition; shortest premiership of the 20th century (211 days). De facto last Prime Minister of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. Resigned due to ill health; died six months after leaving office.
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The Right Honourable
Stanley Baldwin
MP for Bewdley
(1867–1947)
23 May
۱۹۲۳
16 January
۱۹۲۴
– First Lord of the Treasury
– Leader of the House of Commons
– Chancellor of the Exchequer (1923)
Conservative
Baldwin I
Last Prime Minister concurrently Chancellor of the Exchequer. Called a general election to gain a mandate for protectionist tariffs but failed to gain a majority; resigned after losing a vote of confidence.
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The Right Honourable
Ramsay MacDonald
MP for Aberavon
(1866–1937)
22 January
۱۹۲۴
4 November
۱۹۲۴
– First Lord of the Treasury
– Leader of the House of Commons
– Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs
Labour
MacDonald I
1923 §
§Hung Parliament; minority government reliant on Liberal support. First Labour Prime Minister; did not have a majority so could not introduce radical legislation. Last Prime Minister concurrently Foreign Secretary; settled reparations with Germany following World War I; Zinoviev letter.
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The Right Honourable
Stanley Baldwin
FRS
MP for Bewdley
(1867–1947)
4 November
۱۹۲۴
5 June
۱۹۲۹
– First Lord of the Treasury
– Leader of the House of Commons
Conservative
Baldwin II
۱۹۲۴
Locarno Treaties; signatory of the Kellogg–Briand Pact; Pensions Act 1925; 1926 general strike; National Grid founded; enfranchisement of women over 21. De jure last Prime Minister of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.
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The Right Honourable
Ramsay MacDonald
FRS
MP for Seaham
(1866–1937)
5 June
۱۹۲۹
24 August
۱۹۳۱
– First Lord of the Treasury
– Leader of the House of Commons
Labour
MacDonald II
24 August
۱۹۳۱
7 June
۱۹۳۵
National Labour
1st National;
2nd National
(Lab. Nat. –Cons. –Lib.Nat.
–Lib. until 1932)
1929 § , 1931
§Hung Parliament. Appointed the first female minister, Margaret Bondfield; economic crises following the Wall Street Crash of 1929. In 1931, the Labour Government split on measures to resolve a budget crisis; MacDonald resigned, but was reappointed at the head of a National Government with the support of the Conservative and Liberal parties. He was subsequently expelled from the Labour Party; National Government fought and won the election on the basis of a ‘Doctors Mandate’. Ottawa Conference supports protectionism, after which the free trade Ministers (the Liberals and Viscount Snowden) resigned. Motoring legislation reformed by Road Traffic Acts 1930 and 1934.
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The Right Honourable
Stanley Baldwin
FRS
MP for Bewdley
(1867–1947)
7 June
۱۹۳۵
28 May
۱۹۳۷
– First Lord of the Treasury
– Leader of the House of Commons
Conservative
3rd National
(Cons. –Lab.Nat. –Lib.Nat.)
۱۹۳۵
Edward VIII 94x94پیکسل
(1936)
Government of India Act 1935; Edward VIII abdication crisis; started rearmament but later criticised for failing to rearm more when Adolf Hitler broke Germanys Treaty of Versailles obligations. Only Prime Minister to have served under three monarchs (George V; Edward VIII; George VI).
George VI 111x111پیکسل
(1936–1952)
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The Right Honourable
Neville Chamberlain
FRS
MP for Birmingham Edgbaston
(1869–1940)
28 May
۱۹۳۷
3 September
۱۹۳۹
– First Lord of the Treasury
– Leader of the House of Commons
Conservative
4th National
(Cons. –Lab.Nat. –Lib.Nat.)
3 September
۱۹۳۹
10 May
۱۹۴۰
Chamberlain War
(Cons. –Lab.Nat. –Lib.Nat.)
1939 IRA bombings in the UK; attempted to maintain peace for our time through appeasement of Germany, settling the Munich Agreement; widely criticised following the German invasion of Poland and consequent outbreak of World War II. Resigned after failing to form a coalition government; died six months after leaving office.
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The Right Honourable
Winston Churchill
CH TD DL FRS RA
MP for Epping
(1874–1965)
10 May
۱۹۴۰
23 May
۱۹۴۵
– First Lord of the Treasury
– Minister of Defence
– Leader of the House of Commons (1940–42)
Conservative
Churchill War
(All parties)
23 May
۱۹۴۵
26 July
۱۹۴۵
Churchill Caretaker
(Cons. –Lib.Nat.)
World War II continued; formed alliances with the United States and Soviet Union and reactively declared war on Fascist Italy and Japan; led a coalition government; foundation of the United Nations; proposed what would eventually lead to the European Union; Beveridge Report and Butler Education Act. Following the ending of an all-party coalition after defeat of Nazi Germany, formed a caretaker government out of Conservatives, Liberal Nationals and non-party figures. However, after two months it was defeated in the 1945 general election.
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The Right Honourable
Clement Attlee
OM CH FRS
MP for Limehouse until 1950
MP for Walthamstow West from 1950
(1883–1967)
26 July
۱۹۴۵
26 October
۱۹۵۱
– First Lord of the Treasury
– Minister of Defence (1945–46)
Labour
Attlee
۱۹۴۵, ۱۹۵۰
Victory over Japan ends World War II; Potsdam Conference; initiated the post-war consensus; introduced nationalisation of Bank of England and utilities; foundation of the National Health Service; extended National Insurance scheme; economic austerity characterised by continued and deepened wartime food and fuel rationing; Independence of India and the end of the British role in Palestine; foundation of NATO; beginning of the Cold War; Berlin Blockade and the resulting Berlin Airlift; National Service Act 1948 revives conscription; start of British involvement in the Korean War.
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The Right Honourable
Sir Winston Churchill
KG OM CH TD DL FRS RA
MP for Woodford
(1874–1965)
26 October
۱۹۵۱
6 April
۱۹۵۵
– First Lord of the Treasury
– Minister of Defence (1951–52)
Conservative
Churchill III
۱۹۵۱
Elizabeth II 105x105پیکسل
(Since 1952)
Last Prime Minister to be concurrently Minister of Defence. Domestic policy (notably end of rationing) interrupted by foreign disputes (Korean War; Operation Ajax; Mau Mau Uprising; Malayan Emergency). Coronation of Queen Elizabeth II.
The Right Honourable
Sir Anthony Eden
KG MC
MP for Warwick and Leamington
(1897–1977)
6 April
۱۹۵۵
10 January
۱۹۵۷
– First Lord of the Treasury
Conservative
Eden
۱۹۵۵
Egyptian nationalisation of the Suez Canal, which sparked the Suez Crisis; Premium Bonds introduced. Resigned due to ill health.
The Right Honourable
Harold Macmillan
FRS
MP for Bromley
(1894–1986)
10 January
۱۹۵۷
19 October
۱۹۶۳
– First Lord of the Treasury
Conservative
Macmillan
۱۹۵۹
The UK applied to join the European Economic Community for the first time, the application split Conservatives and was vetoed by Charles de Gaulle; acceptance of Keynesianism; Rent Act 1957; Wind of Change speech; Notting Hill race riots and New Commonwealth immigration; opening of the BBC Television Centre; end of National Service; beginning of Beeching cuts; Night of the Long Knives; Cuban Missile Crisis; Profumo affair, following which he resigned due to ill health.
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The Right Honourable
Sir Alec Douglas-Home
KT
Earl of Home until 1963
MP for Kinross and Western Perthshire from 1963
(1903–1995)
19 October
۱۹۶۳
16 October
۱۹۶۴
– First Lord of the Treasury
Conservative
Douglas-Home
Was 14th Earl of Home when became Prime Minister, and renounced peerage on 23 October in order to stand for the House of Commons. Oversaw the independence of colonies Northern Rhodesia and Nyasaland; abolition of the resale price maintenance.
The Right Honourable
Harold Wilson
OBE FRS
MP for Huyton
(1916–1995)
16 October
۱۹۶۴
19 June
۱۹۷۰
– First Lord of the Treasury
– Minister for the Civil Service (1968–70)
Labour
Wilson I
۱۹۶۴, ۱۹۶۶
Social reforms, including legalisation of abortion, abolition of capital punishment and decriminalisation of homosexuality; Rhodesian UDI; agreed plans for Illegal Expulsion and Forced Deportation of entire Population of Diego Garcia; adopted, then abandoned, the National Plan for the economy; Devaluation of the pound; foundation of the Open University; disputes with trade unions over In Place of Strife and prices and incomes policy.
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The Right Honourable
Edward Heath
MBE
MP for Bexley
(1916–2005)
19 June
۱۹۷۰
4 March
۱۹۷۴
– First Lord of the Treasury
– Minister for the Civil Service
Conservative
Heath
۱۹۷۰
U-turned over intervention in industry; negotiated UK entry to the European Community; violence due to Northern Irelands Troubles peaked (‘Bloody Sunday’); Sunningdale Agreement agreed; Three-Day Week; Misuse of Drugs Act 1971; introduction of VAT; called early election in backfiring attempt to confront striking miners. Last unmarried Prime Minister.
The Right Honourable
Harold Wilson
OBE FRS
MP for Huyton
(1916–1995)
4 March
۱۹۷۴
5 April
۱۹۷۶
– First Lord of the Treasury
– Minister for the Civil Service
Labour
Wilson II
Feb. 1974 § , Oct. 1974
§Hung parliament. Ended dispute with miners; Social Contract with trade unions over the economy; Health and Safety at Work Act; renegotiated terms for EC membership, then 1975 referendum validated entry; North Sea oil; Cod War. Resigned due to ill health.
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The Right Honourable
James Callaghan
MP for Cardiff South East
(1912–2005)
5 April
۱۹۷۶
4 May
۱۹۷۹
– First Lord of the Treasury
– Minister for the Civil Service
Labour
Callaghan
International Monetary Fund loan to support the pound; Race Relations Act 1976; Lib–Lab pact; enacted devolution to Scotland and Wales but referendums stopped them; breakdown of relations with trade unions and hence the Winter of Discontent. To date the only politician in British history who has served in all four ‘Great Offices of State’, and last armed forces veteran Prime Minister.
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The Right Honourable
Margaret Thatcher
FRS
MP for Finchley
(1925–2013)
4 May
۱۹۷۹
28 November
۱۹۹۰
– First Lord of the Treasury
– Minister for the Civil Service
Conservative
Thatcher
(I, II, III)
۱۹۷۹, ۱۹۸۳, ۱۹۸۷
First female UK Prime Minister. 1981 Irish hunger strike; Falklands War; sold council housing to tenants (Right to Buy); 1984–85 miners strike; privatisation of many previously government-owned industries; decreased the power of trade unions; negotiation of the UK rebate towards the European Community budget; Brighton hotel bombing; Sino-British Joint Declaration; Anglo-Irish Agreement; Westland affair; abolition of the GLC; Section 28; ‘Poll tax’ and Poll Tax Riots; Lockerbie bombing; end of the Cold War; Gulf War.
The Right Honourable
John Major
MP for Huntingdon
(b. 1943)
28 November
۱۹۹۰
2 May
۱۹۹۷
– First Lord of the Treasury
– Minister for the Civil Service
Conservative
Major
۱۹۹۲
Early 1990s recession; Gulf War; Downing Street mortar attack; ratification of the Maastricht Treaty and the Maastricht Rebels; forced exit from the European Exchange Rate Mechanism (‘Black Wednesday’); Downing Street Declaration (initiating the Northern Ireland peace process); Privatisation of British Rail; National Lottery; Citizens Charter; Sunday Shopping; ‘Back to Basics’ campaign; Cones Hotline; Dangerous Dogs Act. To date the last non-graduate Prime Minister.
The Right Honourable
Tony Blair
MP for Sedgefield
(b. 1953)
2 May
۱۹۹۷
27 June
۲۰۰۷
– First Lord of the Treasury
– Minister for the Civil Service
Labour
Blair
۱۹۹۷, ۲۰۰۱, ۲۰۰۵
Hong Kong handover; Death of Diana, Princess of Wales; independence for the Bank of England; Ecclestone tobacco controversy; Belfast Agreement; Human Rights Act; devolution to Scotland and Wales; House of Lords Reform; Minimum wage introduced; NATO bombing of Yugoslavia; Fuel protests; creation of Greater London Authority and Mayoralty of London; Freedom of Information Act; British military intervention in the Sierra Leone Civil War; 2001 foot and mouth crisis; 11 September attacks in the United States; War in Afghanistan; Iraq War; Top-up fees introduced for university tuition; Civil Partnership Act; Constitutional Reform Act; 2005 London bombings; Cash for Honours scandal; Identity Cards Act.
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The Right Honourable
Gordon Brown
MP for Kirkcaldy and Cowdenbeath
(b. 1951)
27 June
۲۰۰۷
11 May
۲۰۱۰
– First Lord of the Treasury
– Minister for the Civil Service
Labour
Brown
Glasgow Airport attack; Child benefit data misplaced; Donorgate; Northern Rock and other banks nationalised; Treaty of Lisbon ratified; 10p tax rate abolished; Financial crisis of 2007–08; Cannabis moved back to Class B; Parliamentary expenses scandal; Release of Abdelbaset al-Megrahi; arrest of Damian Green; Chilcot Inquiry established; last Prime Minister to choose the date of a General Election.
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The Right Honourable
David Cameron
MP for Witney
(b. 1966)
11 May
۲۰۱۰
8 May
۲۰۱۵
– First Lord of the Treasury
– Minister for the Civil Service
Conservative
Cameron I
(Cons. –Lib.Dem.)
8 May
۲۰۱۵
October
۲۰۱۶
Cameron II
2010 § , 2015
§Hung parliament. Bloody Sunday apology; Spending and Strategic Defence reviews (budget cuts to public services resulting in anti-austerity movement); 2010 student protests; Military intervention in Libya (Operation Ellamy); Alternative Vote (AV) referendum; Welfare Reform Act; Health and Social Care Act; 2011 riots; European Fiscal Compact veto; London 2012 Summer Olympics; Belfast City Hall flag protests; Same-sex marriage legalised; creation of the National Crime Agency; Woolwich attack; Referendum on Scottish independence; Privatisation of the Royal Mail; News International phone hacking scandal; Westminster paedophile dossier; Military intervention against ISIL in Iraq and in Syria (Operation Shader); European migrant crisis; announced resignation following the "Leave" vote in the 2016 referendum on EU membership.