質問: 英文を訳して下さい。 the memoirs of general of artillery friedrich freiherr kress von kressenstein were published in 2001 in german language in tbilisi, georgia - editor dr. david paitschadse, publishing house samschoblo, isbn 99928-26-62-2, online version can be found here the second battle of the piave river, fought between 15 and 23 june 1918, was a decisive victory for the italian army against the austro-hungarian empire during world war i. though the battle proved to be a decisive blow to the austro-hungarian empire and by extension the central powers, its full significance was not initially appreciated in italy. yet erich ludendorff, on hearing the news, is reported to have said he 'had the sensation of defeat for the first time'. it would later become clear that the battle was in fact the beginning of the end of the austro-hungarian empire. with the exit of russia from the war in 1917, austria-hungary was now able to devote significant forces to the italian front and to receive reinforcements from their german allies. the austro-hungarian emperor karl had reached an agreement with the germans to undertake a new offensive against italy, a move supported by both the chief of the general staff arthur arz von straußenburg and the commander of the south tyrolean army group conrad von hötzendorf. in the autumn of 1917, the germans and austrians had defeated the italians at the battle of caporetto. after caporetto, the italians fell back to the piave and were reinforced by six french infantry divisions and five british infantry divisions as well as sizeable air contingents.italy's defeat at caporetto led to general luigi cadorna's dismissal and general armando diaz replaced him as chief of staff of the italian army. diaz set up a strong defense line along the piave. up until this point in the war, the italian army had been fighting alone against the central powers; with the defeat at caporetto, france and britain sent small reinforcements on the italian front. these, besides accounting for less than a tenth of the italian forces in theater, had however to be redirected for the major part to the western front as soon as the german spring offensive began in march 1918.the austro-hungarian army had also recently undergone a change in command, and the new austrian chief of staff, arthur arz von straußenburg, wished to finish off the italians. after caporetto, the austro-hungarian offensive had put many italian cities, including venice and verona, under the threat of the central powers. the second battle of the piave river 第二次ピアーヴェ川の戦い
回答: >the memoirs of general of artillery friedrich freiherr kress von kressenstein were published in 2001 in german language in tbilisi, georgia - editor dr. david paitschadse, publishing house samschoblo, isbn 99928-26-62-2, online version can be found here ⇒砲兵隊将軍としてのフリードリッヒ・フォン・クレッセンシュタイン男爵の回想録が2001年にグルジアのトビリシにおいてドイツ語で出版された― 編集者 ダヴィッド・パイツシャゼ博士、出版社 samschoblo〔ザムスショブロ〕社、isbn(国際標準図書番号)は99928-26-62-2で、オンライン版はここで閲覧可。 >the second battle of the piave river, fought between 15 and 23 june 1918, was a decisive victory for the italian army against the austro-hungarian empire during world war i. though the battle proved to be a decisive blow to the austro-hungarian empire and by extension the central powers, its full significance was not initially appreciated in italy. yet erich ludendorff, on hearing the news, is reported to have said he 'had the sensation of defeat for the first time'. ⇒1918年6月15日から23日にかけて行われた「第2次ピアーヴェ川の戦い」は、第1次世界大戦中のオーストリア=ハンガリー帝国に対するイタリア方面軍の決定的な勝利となった。この戦闘は、オーストリア=ハンガリー帝国にとって決定的な打撃となったことが判明したにもかかわらず、中央同盟国(の版図)拡張によっても、当初のイタリアではその十分な意義が評価されていなかった。しかし、エーリッヒ・ルーデンドルフは、このニュースを聞いたときに「初めて敗北感を抱いた」と述べた、と報じられている。 >it would later become clear that the battle was in fact the beginning of the end of the austro-hungarian empire. with the exit of russia from the war in 1917, austria-hungary was now able to devote significant forces to the italian front and to receive reinforcements from their german allies. the austro-hungarian emperor karl had reached an agreement with the germans to undertake a new offensive against italy, a move supported by both the chief of the general staff arthur arz von straußenburg and the commander of the south tyrolean army group conrad von hötzendorf. in the autumn of 1917, the germans and austrians had defeated the italians at the battle of caporetto. ⇒実は、この戦闘がオーストリア=ハンガリー帝国終焉の始まりであったことが後に明らかになったと見られる。1917年の戦いからロシアが抜けたことで、今やオーストリア=ハンガリーはイタリア前線に大軍団をさし向けてドイツの同盟国軍から援軍を受け入れることができるようになった。オーストリア=ハンガリー皇帝カールは、イタリアに対する新たな攻撃を引き受ける、(つまり)アルトゥル・アルツ・フォン・ストラウゼンブルク総司令官および南チロル方面軍軍団のコンラッド・フォン・ホッツェンドルフ指揮官の両方から支援を得ての動きを引き受ける、ということでドイツ軍と合意に達した。1917年秋、ドイツ軍とオーストリア軍は「カポレットの戦い」でイタリア軍を倒した。 >after caporetto, the italians fell back to the piave and were reinforced by six french infantry divisions and five british infantry divisions as well as sizeable air contingents.italy's defeat at caporetto led to general luigi cadorna's dismissal and general armando diaz replaced him as chief of staff of the italian army. diaz set up a strong defense line along the piave. up until this point in the war, the italian army had been fighting alone against the central powers; with the defeat at caporetto, france and britain sent small reinforcements on the italian front. ⇒カポレット戦の後、イタリア軍は(一旦)ピアーヴェに後退し、かなり大規模な分遣隊とともにフランス軍の歩兵6個師団および英国軍歩兵5個師団によって補強された。カポレット戦でのイタリア軍の敗北は、ルイジ・カドルナ将軍が解任されてアルマンド・ディアス将軍がイタリア軍の総司令官として彼に代ることにつながった。ディアスは、ピアーヴェ川に沿って強力な防御戦線を設立した。本戦では、この時点までイタリア軍は中央同盟国軍に対して単独で戦っていた。カポレットでの敗北により、フランス軍と英国軍とがイタリアの前線に小さな援軍を派遣した。 >these, besides accounting for less than a tenth of the italian forces in theater, had however to be redirected for the major part to the western front as soon as the german spring offensive began in march 1918.the austro-hungarian army had also recently undergone a change in command, and the new austrian chief of staff, arthur arz von straußenburg, wished to finish off the italians. after caporetto, the austro-hungarian offensive had put many italian cities, including venice and verona, under the threat of the central powers. ⇒これらは、戦域でのイタリア軍の10分の1以下を数えるだけでしかなかったのみならず、1918年3月にドイツ軍の「春の攻勢」が始まるや、大部分を西部戦線に向けて振り替えなければならなくなった。また、オーストリア=ハンガリー方面軍は指揮官の交代を経験したばかりで、新しいオーストリア軍の総司令官アルトゥル・アルツ・フォン・ストラウゼンブルク総司令官は、イタリア軍の息の根を止めたいと思っていた。カポレット戦の後、オーストリア=ハンガリー軍の攻撃は、ヴェネツィアやヴェローナを含む多くのイタリア都市を中央同盟国軍の脅威のもとに置いていた。