1.1 County Background - Page 4
1.2 Objectives And Approach - Page 4
2.0 Drivers Of Food And Nutrition Security In The County 2.1 Rainfall Performance........................................................................................................ 5 - Page 5
3.0 Impacts Of Drivers On Acute Food And Nutrition Security - Page 6
3.1 Availability 3.1.1. Crop production ........................................................................................................ 6 3.1.2 Livestock production ................................................................................................. 8 3.2 Access............................................................................................................................. 12 3.2.1 Markets .................................................................................................................... 12 3.2.2 Terms of trade .......................................................................................................... 13 3.2.3 Income sources ........................................................................................................ 13 3.2.4 Water availability, access and utilization ................................................................ 14 - Page 6
3.3 Utilization 3.3.1 Health and Nutrition ................................................................................................ 16 3.3.2 Sanitation and Hygiene ............................................................................................ 17 - Page 16
3.4 Trends Of Key Food Security Indicators - Page 17
3.5 Education - Page 18
4.0 Food Security Prognosis - Page 20
4.1 Assumptions - Page 20
4.2 Food Security Outcomes For July, August And September - Page 20
4.3 Food Security Outcomes For October, November And December - Page 21
5.0 Conclusion And Interventions - Page 21
5.1 Conclusion 5.1.1 Phase classification .................................................................................................. 21 5.1.2 Summary of findings ............................................................................................... 21 5.1.3 Sub-county ranking.................................................................................................. 22 - Page 21
5.2 On-Going Interventions 5.2.1 Non-food interventions ............................................................................................ 22 - Page 22
5.3 Recommended Interventions 5.3.1 Food interventions ................................................................................................... 26 5.3.2 Non-food interventions ............................................................................................ 27 3 4 2 2 % 4 3 4 % % 3 1 % P asto ral-all sp ecies M ixed farm in g A gro-p asto ral Irrig ated crop p in g 1.0 INTRODUCTION 1.1 County background Baringo County is situated in the North- Western part of the country and borders Uasin Gishu County to the south-west, Kericho and Nakuru Counties to the south, Laikipia County to the east, West Pokot and Elgeyo Marakwet Counties to the west and Turkana and Samburu Counties to the north. The county spans an area of 11,015.3 square kilometers, 165 square kilometres of which is covered by lakes Bogoria, Kamnarok, 94 and Baringo. It has a population of 703,697 (KNBS, projected, 2016). Administratively, it is Figure 1: Population by livelihood zones divided in to six sub-counties namely: Marigat, East Pokot, Baringo North, Koibatek and Mogotio. It comprises four livelihood zones (Figure 1). 1.2 Objectives and approach Objectives The assessment’s main objective was to analyze the impact of the 2017 long rains on food and nutrition security, taking into account the cumulative impacts of the past three seasons and including other shocks and hazards. Specifically, it sought to determine the impact of the season on food utilization, access and availability by considering the contributing factors to food insecurity and food security outcomes. It also explored the impact of the season on the main food security-related sectors including agriculture, livestock, education and water. Other sectors included health, nutrition, markets and trade from which information would be used to inform sectoral response mechanisms. Finally the assessment report outlined the on- going interventions and also provides interventions that should be put in place immediately, at medium- and long-term. Approach All the four livelihood zones were covered during the assessment and the Integrated Food Security Phase Classification (IPC) used to classify severity and causes of food insecurity which has the ability to compare across time and space. Data was collected through the use of questionnaires from 270 households in 9 sentinel sites, one-on-one interviews from key informants, transect drive and observation. Secondary data on livestock and food commodity prices, nutrition data from SMART-survey was also corroborated and vegetation condition. The assessment was conducted from 10th July 2017 to 14th July 2017 which involved the technical county steering group members. The data was analyzed at both livelihood zone and sub-county level and a sectoral county report was generated before endorsement and validation by the county steering group. 2.0 DRIVERS OF FOOD AND NUTRITION SECURITY IN THE COUNTY 2.1 Rainfall Performance The onset of the long rains season was late in the third dekad of March compared to the first dekad normally. Most parts of the county including pastoral-all species, agro-pastoral and upper parts of the mixed farming livelihood zone received below-normal rainfall of between 50-75 percent of normal (Figure 2). However, the lower part of the mixed farming livelihood zone around Eldama Ravine and some parts of Mogotio received between 75-90 percent of normal rainfall. The spatial distribution was fairly even. However, the temporal distribution was poor as rainy days were punctuated by dry spells across the season. The cessation was in the second dekad of June although off-season showers were being experienced in the agro-pastoral and pastoral-all species livelihood zones. 2.2 Insecurity Figure 2: Rainfall performance Insecurity has been reported along the borders of East Pokot sub-county with Marakwet East, Baringo North and Baringo South sub-counties and also in Kapedo along the border of the county with Turkana County. Pastoralists have not been able to access pasture in these areas and have therefore been forced to move farther away. 2.3 Fall army worm infestation A fall army worm out-break was reported in all livelihood zones across the county and is likely to significantly reduce the maize production since 12,000 hectares were affected. Given that the long rains season is the most relied upon for crop production accounting for over 80 percent of total annual production, the deficit will result in significant food consumption gaps. 2.3 Poor terms of trade Livestock prices were below-average amid high food commodity prices. Households’ purchasing power had therefore been eroded particularly because most households were currently relying on market purchases for food in the agro-pastoral, pastoral-all species and irrigated cropping livelihood zones. 5 3.0 IMPACTS OF DRIVERS ON ACUTE FOOD AND NUTRITION SECURITY 3.1 Availability Food availability in Baringo County takes into account crop production in the mixed farming, irrigated cropping and agro-pastoral livelihood zones and livestock production in the pastoral-all species livelihood zone. It considers food stocks available at both market and household levels in crop production while in livestock production, livestock body condition, forage and milk availability are considered. 3.1.1. Crop production Introduction The long rains season is the most dependable for crop production in Baringo County. The main crops grown include maize, beans, finger millet and Irish potatoes. Upland rice is grown in Marigat sub-county. Maize contributes about 63 percent of food to household in the agro pastoral livelihood zones and while in the irrigated zones, commercial maize contributes about 31 percent food. In the mixed farming maize contributes 21 percent of food. Rain-fed crop production The acreage for maize and beans reduced by 13.2 and 12.8 percent of their long-term average while that of finger millet increased by 22.5 percent as shown in table 1 below. Farmers delayed planting because of the delayed onset. There was a dry spell that followed after the onset of the rains that made the first-planted seeds to dry up. Most farmers did not replant after that. The acreage of finger millet increased because the farmers were provided with farm inputs by the national government and the county government conducted enhanced campaigns for drought-tolerant crops. Maize and beans projected production reduced by 46.2 and 17.1 percent of their long-term averages. Maize production reduced due to delayed and subdued rains coupled with a fall army worm infestation. Beans’ production reduced due to the fact that most beans aborted their flowers during the dry period between 20th May and 18th June when beans were between the flowering and podding stages. Table 1: Rain-fed crop production Crop Area planted Long Term 2017Long rains Long Term Average during 2017 season production (5 year) production Average (5 year) Long rains during the Long (90 kg bags) season area planted during rains season the Long rains Projected (Ha) (90 kg bags) season (Ha) 1. Maize 35,432 40,799 430,388 800,650 2. Beans 20,681 23,729 221,000 266,458 3. Finger millet 5,816 4,747 35,890 37,716 Irrigated crop production The area under irrigation for maize, beans, tomatoes and water melons reduced by 32.5, 12.8, 27.4 and 20.8 percent respectively of their long-term averages (Table 2). The main reasons for the reduction included low water volumes in the major rivers in the county including Perkerra, Molo, Endao and Waseges due to low recharge from the rains. Additionally, in Baringo North, the acreage under irrigated maize was reduced as most farmers opted for cowpea and banana production due to higher returns particularly in Kiboi and Barwesa irrigation schemes. Other reasons included destruction of the irrigation infrastructure in Cheraik and Chepness irrigation schemes in Eldama Ravine sub-county. The reduced acreage 6 resulted in the decreased of all four crops by 58.1, 52.2, 24.6 and 62.2 percent of their normal production respectively. Table 2: Irrigated crop production Crop Area planted Long Term 2017 Long rains Long Term Average during the 2017 Average (3 years) season production (3 years) production Long rains area planted during (90 kg bags/MT) during 2017 Long season (ha) Long rains season Projected rains season (ha) (90 kg bags/MT) Maize 1163 1672 24,179 57,739 Beans 122 127 1,215 2,540 Tomatoes 61 84 430 570 Water melons 67 84 1,310 3,470 Main cereal stocks All cereal stocks are above-average except for maize (Table 3) in the county. Maize stocks were at 54 percent of their LTA, while rice, millet and sorghum stocks were 12.8, 67 and 18.7 percent above their LTAs respectively. There had been a deficit in maize production from previous seasons and imports, so the other cereals were increased in a bid to respond to the deficit. Table 3: Main cereals stock Commodity (90 kg bags) Period Households Traders Millers Total Maize Current 80,190 28,540 5225 113,955 LTA 158,003 43,359 9532 210,894 Rice (in 50 kg bags) Current 0 2,190 0 2,190 LTA 0 1,942 0 1,942 Millet Current 4586 443 4 5,033 LTA 2534 460 14 3,008 Sorghum Current 116 132 0 248 LTA 88 111 10 209 Farmers held only half (50.7%) of their normal maize stocks as most sold their produce to purchase farm inputs. Moreover, over 85 percent of the stocks held were in the mixed farming livelihood while households in the rest of the livelihood zones were relying on markets. However, stocks of millet and sorghum were 81 and 32 percent respectively above their LTAs as they had not been released to the markets since they were acting as food reserves given that maize stocks had declined. Households did not also have any rice stocks since the crop was mainly grown for seed. Traders held 34 percent lower-than-normal stocks of maize but 12.8, four and 19 percent above-average stocks of rice, millet and sorghum respectively. Maize was sourced from outside the county so when the prices increased, traders reduced their stocks. Traders also increased stocks of rice to provide an alternative to maize which was in limited supply. They also stocked up more sorghum because households were resorting to milling the commodity to supplement maize fluor and was also the reason why millers did not have it in stock since it was being purchased directly from them. Millet stocks were normal for this time of the year. 7 3.1.2 Livestock production Introduction The main livestock types found in the county include cattle, camel, goats, sheep, honey bees and poultry. The long rains season is significant for livestock production because it rejuvenates forage and recharges water sources. In-migration of livestock from dry-season grazing areas is usually contingent on the performance of the long rains and normally coincides with calving that increases milk availability at household level. Table 4 below illustrates the significance of livestock production to food and income in the county. Table 4: Contribution of livestock production to food and income in Baringo County Livelihood zone % contribution to Food Income Mixed farming 25 23 Irrigated cropping 25 8 Agro-pastoral 20 50 Pastoral-all species 21 88 Forage condition Forage condition was below normal across all livelihood zones in the county. The pasture condition was below normal due to poor rejuvenation. Although the rains received may have been sufficient to enable rejuvenation, the pastures had been depleted due to three successive failed seasons, making it difficult to reverse the negative impacts. The available pasture is already depleted in the pastoral-all species livelihood zone and is projected to be depleted by August across the rest of the zones while normally it would last at least until the onset of the short rains season. Browse condition was also below normal for this time of the year (Table 5). It is expected to be depleted by the end of July in the agro-pastoral and pastoral-all species livelihood zones and by mid-August in the irrigated cropping and mixed farming livelihood zone. The main factors limiting access to pasture include insecurity and cattle rustling along the borders of the county with Turkana and Elgeyo Marakwet counties and also along the border of Tiaty sub-county with Baringo North and Baringo South sub-counties. Table 5: Forage condition Pasture Browse Livelihood Condition How long to last Factors Condition How long to last Factors zone (Months) limiting (Months) limiting access access Current Normal Current Normal Current Normal Current Normal Mixed Fair to Good 1 5 months None Fair Good 1 month 5 months None farming poor month1 (December) (Mid- (December) month August) (Mid- August) Irrigated Fair to Good 1.5 6 months None Fair Good 1 month 5 months None cropping poor months (January) (Mid- (December) (end of August) August) Agro- Poor Good 3 weeks 4 months Limited Poor Good 2 weeks 2 months Browse pastoral (end of (November) water (end of (September) scarcity July) July) Pastoral- Depleted Good N/A 3 months Insecurity, Poor Good 2 weeks 2 months Browse all species (October) pasture (end of (September) scarcity scarcity July) 8 Livestock productivity Livestock body condition The body condition of all livestock types ranged mostly between fair and good. However, in the pastoral-all species livelihood zone, it was poor as pasture had been completely depleted lengthening the distances to grazing areas. The trend in body condition for cattle was likely to further deteriorate particularly in the pastoral livelihood zone where pasture was already depleted. Although there are off-season rains in the zone, they are unlikely to rejuvenate pasture because the level of depletion of was quite high. However, the goats’ body condition across all livelihood zones was likely to remain stable as browse was still available and will be further improved by the off-season rains. Birth rate The birth rates were slightly below-normal for all livestock species across all livelihood zones currently, at about 1.2 compared to the normal 3. The reduction could be associated with the negative impacts of three consecutive failed seasons which have reduced forage and water availability. Additionally, the pastoral-all species livelihood zone reported abortions due to the increased stress of accessing pasture that could also have contributed to the reduction. Tropical livestock units (TLUs) There was a reduction in TLUs for both poor- and medium-income households across all livelihood zones compared to normal (Table 6). Reduced birth rates, abortions and livestock mortalities were the main reasons for the reduction. Table 6: Tropical livestock units Livelihood zone Poor income households Medium income households Current Normal Current Normal Mixed Farming 1.5 2.8 4.2 4.5 Irrigated cropping 2 3.2 4 4.5 Agro-pastoral 2 3.2 3.05 6 Pastoral-all species 2.5 3.6 4.1 1.5-6 Milk production and consumption Below normal forage availability and cattle migrations had resulted in lower-than-normal milk production and consequently consumption (Table 7). There was virtually no milk production in the pastoral-all species livelihood zone. However, they were importing milk from the mixed farming livelihood zone. The reduction had occasioned a deficit in milk supply and a hike in its prices across all livelihood zones. Table 7: Milk production and consumption Livelihood zone Milk Production Milk consumption Prices (Ksh)/Litre (Litres)/Household (Litres) per Household Current LTA Current LTA Current LTA Mixed farming 3-5 10 1.5 2 60 50 Irrigated cropping 3-5 8 1.5 2 70 50 Agro-pastoral 0.5-1 6 1 1.8 95 60 Pastoral-all N/A 3 0.7 1.8 120 60 species 9 Water for Livestock The main sources of water currently in use include boreholes, rivers Amaya, Kerio, Pekerra, Molo, Arabal, Waseges and Mukutani and Lakes Bogoria, Baringo, Kamnarok and 94. The long rains recharged most of the water sources only to 30-50 percent due to lower-than- normal amounts. Distances to water sources have therefore increased (Table 8) with the available water projected to last up to the end of July in the pastoral-all species and agro- pastoral livelihood zones, up to the end of August in the irrigated farming zone and up to September in the mixed farming livelihood zones. Table 8: Water for livestock Livelihood Sources Return average Expected duration to Watering zone distances (km) last (months) frequency Current Normal Current Normal Current Normal Current Normal Mixed Streams, Streams, 1-3.5 1-1.5 3 months Throughout Twice Twice farming Rivers, Rivers, daily daily springs, springs, piped piped water, water, boreholes, boreholes, Irrigated Rivers, Rivers, 1-3.5 1-1.5 1-2 Throughout Twice Twice cropping shallow shallow months daily daily wells and wells and springs. springs. Agro- water Streams, 4-10 1-3 1month 3 months 2 days 2 days pastoral pans, water boreholes pans, boreholes Pastoral- Water- Water- 6-15 1-4 3 weeks 2 months 2 days 2 days all species pans, pans, except in bore-holes bore-holes Boreholes Migration Migration had been witnessed both within the county and out-migration to other counties in search of pasture while others were moved in fear of insecurity which was not normal for this time of the year. Table 9 below shows the current migratory routes in the county. Table 9: Migration routes Sub-county Migration routes Livestock species and reasons Baringo Intra-migration from lowlands to mid lowlands Cattle in search of central pastures Baringo B/South –Marigat –Mukutani and along the showers of L. Baringo and Cattle in search of south lake Bogoria pastures and Mukutani to other wards and Mogotio insecurity fears Baringo (a) Sibilo and Yatya to Kalabata in Bartabwa for pastures Cattle in search of north (b) Barwessa towards Kerio River areas for pastures pastures and (c) Yatya towards Sibilo and Bartum Location due to insecurity insecurity fears (d) Saimo soi – Kerio valley area (e) There was no inward migration Mogotio (i) Kamar, Molos, Radat and Majimoto to L.Bogoria and Loboi areas. Cattle in search of (ii) Sagasagik, Kiptoim and Rosoga to Kiplombe, Lembus and Maji pastures mazuri forests in E/Ravine Subcounty forests. 10 Sub-county Migration routes Livestock species and reasons (iii) Sinende, Kabuswo and Kapnosgei towards Laikipia, Mochongoi, Banita and Menengai Crater in Nakuru County. Tiaty To Arabal, Mukutani and Nadome in Turkana. Cattle, sheep and -Rugus/Komolion-Kiserian-Mukutani goats in search of -Kolloa-Silale-Nadome pastures -Churo-Laikipia and Sambu -From Orus and Amaya have are still in Arabal and Mukutani. - Outward migration towards Elgeyo Marakwet and Laikipia -Kapau, Napur, Chepelow and Chamatasi to Pkatil Hills, Chesawach and Kwol. Koibatek -Sagat,Chepnes, Muserechi, Mandina, Esageri to Kiplombe forests. -Nakuru County to the sub-county forests With the on-going off-season rains in the county, it is expected that the migrated livestock will come back home and increase milk production at household level due to rejuvenated pasture. Livestock Diseases and Mortalities There were reported livestock diseases in the county as indicated in Table 10 below. However, disease incidences were within the normal ranges. The mortality rate for sheep and goats was four percent while that of cattle was five percent. The mortalities were attributed to drought and diseases due to weakened livestock body condition. Table 10: Livestock diseases Disease Area reported Sub-county Livestock Livestock lost Contagious Saimo Soi, Baringo 170 shoats Caprine north Pleuro- Kamurio, Tiaty Pneumonia (CCPP) Mukutani, Marigat, Ilchamus Nyimbei, Baringo Goats Loboi, south Oterit, Emining, Kimose, Radat Mogotio Pestes des Marigat, mukutani, salabani Baringo 73 shoats Petits south Ruminants Tirioko, Katuwit, Koloa Tiaty (PPR) Sheep/goats Saimo soi Baringo north Salawa, Kaptara Baringo central East Coast Saimo soi Baringo 35 cattle Fever north Cattle Mochongoi, Mukutani Baringo south Amaya, Tiaty Heart Ribko, Kamurio, Tiaty Goats 187 shoats water Arabal, Mochongoi Baringo south Red Water Tirioko, Kamurio, Pkaruru Tiaty Cattle 2 cattle 11 Disease Area reported Sub-county Livestock Livestock lost Foot and Mogotio, Sogon, Mogotio Mouth Tirioko and Ribko and Kerio Valley, Tiaty Disease (FMD) Tulwongoi, Lembus Central Eldama Cattle location,Kiplombe,Lebolos,Naitili,Kirobon, ravine Parts of Mumberes Ilchamus, Mochongoi Baringo south New Castle Marigat, Baringo Poultry 1,836 chicken Disease south Saimo soi, Kabartonjo Baringo north Salawa, Kabarnet Baringo central Poor body condition in cattle, lower-than-normal birth rates and TLUs have resulted in low milk availability and lower-than-normal consumption at household level for approximately 20 and 21 percent of the population in the agro-pastoral and pastoral-all species livelihood zones who rely on it for food particularly for children aged below five years. 3.2 Access Food access in the county can be described by the markets’ functionality particularly for households in the pastoral-all species and agro-pastoral livelihood zones whose main source of food currently is markets. Therefore food commodity prices, income sources and terms of trade (a proxy indicator for determining purchasing power) are discussed in this section. Others include existence of food consumption gaps if any and the mechanisms employed to bridge them. 3.2.1 Markets Market operations The main markets for livestock include Marigat, Barwesa, Amaya, Kollowa, Nginyang, Kinyach, Tangulbei and Amaya. Others include Loruk and Kabel. The main ones for crops include Kollowa, Churo, Nginyang, Amaya, Kabartonjo, Barwesa, Kipsamaran and Marigat. Others include Kabel Mochongoi, Mogotio, Emining, Maji Moto and Cheberen. Most markets were operational except Loruk and Kinyach due to fear of insecurity. Lower-than- average supplies were also evident in Kollowa, Churo, Nginyang and Amaya due to the same reasons and the number of buyers was fewer compared to normal. Maize prices Maize prices were 67 and 107.7 percent Average (2012-2016) 2016 2017 higher than the 2012-2016 LTA (Figure 3) 90 and the price recorded in June last year. The 80 high prices were occassioned by low ) g 70 supplies. Prices were highest in the pastoral- k / 60 all species livelihood zone and least in the .h s 50 K mixed farming livelihood zone. Maize ( e 40 prices are likely to remain relatively stable c ir 30 P although higher-than-normal through to 20 September when some harvests will be 10 0 realized. Marginal decreases in prices will Jan FebMarAprMay Jun Jul AugSepOctNovDec occur after that when harvests reach the Figure 3: Maize price 12 13 ).hsK( ecirP 3 2 2 1 1 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 A v Ja e n r a F g e e b ( M 2 0 a r 1 2 A - p 2 r 0 M 1 6 a y ) Ju n Ju l 2 0 A 1 u 7 g S e p O c 2 t 0 N 1 o 6 v D e c Figure 4: Goat Prices 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Jan Feb MarAprMay Jun Jul Aug Sep OctNovDec eziam fo smargoliK taog a rof degnahcxe markets coupled with imports from neighbouring counties who will also have harvested the crop. Goat prices The average goat prices were 44 and 41 percent lower than the price recorded at a similar time last year and the 2012-2016 LTA respectively (Figure 4). Browse conditions and availability were below normal thereby increasing stress on goats as they trekked longer distances to access food. The prices were highest and lowest in the mixed farming and pastoral-all species livelihood zones respectively. They were expected to increase slightly through to September as there were currently off-season rains that were being experienced in the county that would renew browse and improve the goats’ body conditions. However, they will maintain a below-average trend. 3.2.2 Terms of trade The terms of trade (TOT) were 73 and 65 percent below last year’s price at a similar period and the Average (2012-2016) 2017 2016 2012-2016 LTA (Figure 5). The implication of the reduction was that households could currently purchase lower quantities of maize compared to last year and at normal times with the proceeds from the sale of a goat. The reduction was occasioned by low goat prices against high maize prices. The highest and lowest TOT was reported in the mixed farming and pastoral-all species livelihood zones respectively. A slight improvement is expected in the TOT through to September as goat prices are expected to increase against stable maize prices. Figure 5: Terms of trade 3.2.3 Income sources The main sources of income in the county include livestock and food-crop production. Income from livestock production had significantly reduced and a majority of households (88 %) in the pastoral-all species livelihood zone and half of those in the agro-pastoral one have been considerably affected. The reduction in income has occurred at a time when they are wholly dependent on markets for food and has therefore compromised access to food in these zones. Likewise, in the irrigated cropping and mixed farming livelihood zones (where 60 and 35 percent respectively of the households rely on food-crop production for income, the reduced production had consequently resulted in reduced income. As a coping mechanism, households opted for other income-generating activities such as the sale of charcoal, which will result in further deforestation of already degraded rangelands. 3.2.4 Water availability, access and utilization Water availability The three major water sources currently in use in the county include boreholes, water pans and springs across all livelihood zones (Table 11). Although they are the normal sources for this time of the year, the operational sources are less because of below-normal recharge. The long rains season recharged the water sources up to between 30 to 50 percent across all livelihood zones. Other sources normally in use include streams, rivers and shallow wells. There was also reduced flow in the major rivers such as Perkerra, Kerio, Amaya, Kiserian, Endao, Molo and Nginyang which had resulted in reduction in irrigated crop production. The main reasons behind the non-operational water sources included poor recharge rates from the rains, high evaporation rates and wear and tear due to over-use emanating from high demand from both humans and livestock. Other reasons were more of a perennial nature such as failure to pay electricity/fuel bills so supply of water was cut off and poor management of water facilities. Table 11: Water availability Ward/ Water No. of No. of Projected Normal % of full Locality of Livelihoo Source Normal Current Duration Duratio Capacity Non- d zone (Three Operationa Operationa (Operationa n that Recharge operational (3) l l Sources l Sources) water d by the Water major last in Rains Sources sources months ) Pastoral Bore 76 68 Over 3 Over 6 Permanent Tiringongwoni holes Months months source n BH, Kirim Bh and Sosionde BH Water 63 36 1 – 1 ½ 3 – 4 30% - Kirim, Kasiela, Pans Months 50% Endao Springs 10 - 4 - 9 Months 3 – 4 20 % - Months 30% Agro - Bore 7 12 Over 3 Over 6 Permanent Pastoral holes Months months source Water 19 8 1 – 1 ½ 3 – 4 30% - Pans Months 50% Springs 18 3 1 – 1 ½ Over 6 months Mixed Bore 33 30 Over 3 Over 6 Permanent Farming holes Months months source Springs 135 133 2 – 2 ½ 3 – 4 30% - Months 40% Rivers 6 6 2 – 2 ½ 3 – 4 30% - Months 50% Irrigated Rivers 6 6 3months Over 6 30% -40% Cropping months Shallow 8 3 3months Over 6 Reducing Perkerrra, wells months Discharge Labos, Kailer, Longewan, Kampi Ukulima, Swamp 3 3 Over 3 s Months 14 Figure 6: Food consumption score 15 1 0 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 .3 M a y P 8 , 2 0 1 o o r 6 9 0 .7 B o r d e r lin e A c 1 c 4 e p M t a a b 2 6 .2 y , 2 0 le 1 7 5 9 .8 Water access and utilization The below-optimal recharge of water sources had resulted in increased distances to water sources as some had dried up, others had broken down while some had poor quality of water. Insecurity also posed a challenge in access to water along borders of the county and Turkana County, and along borders of Tiaty (East Pokot sub-county) with Baringo North/Baringo South and Marakwet East sub-counties. The consumption of water at household level consequently reduced as the waiting time at water sources increased due to high concentration of people and low discharge at water points (Table 12). Table 12: Water access and utilization Livelihood zone Return Distance to Cost of Water at Waiting Time at Average Water Water for Domestic Source (Ksh. Per Water Source Consumption Use (Km) 20litres) (Minutes) (Litres/person/day) Normal Current Normal Current Normal Current Normal Current Pastoral 4 - 5 8 – 10 2 - 5 3 - 5 3 - 5 5 - 10 15 - 20 12 - 15 Agro-pastoral 3 - 4 6 – 9 2 - 5 3 - 5 3 - 5 5 - 10 15 - 20 12 - 15 Mixed farming 0.5 – 2.5 1.5 – 3.5 2 – 5 3 – 5 2 - 4 5 - 7 20 - 25 15 - 20 Irrigated cropping 0.5 - 1.5 0.8 – 2.2 2 - 5 3 - 5 1 - 3 1 - 3 20 - 25 20 - 25 3.2.5 Food consumption There was a reduction in dietary diversity, nutritive value and food frequency in the county compared to a similar period last year as illustrated by the reduction in the proportion of households in the acceptable food consumption score category (Figure 6). Approximately 59.8 percent of households had acceptable consumption in May 2017 compared to 90.7 in May 2016. The implication was that there had been a reduction in the number of households who were consuming at least a staple and vegetables daily, complemented by frequent consumption of pulses and oil at least four times a week. 3.2.6 Coping strategy The mean coping strategy index (CSI) for May 2017 was 18.6 compared with 12.9 at a similar time last year implying that more severe coping mechanisms were being employed more frequently (FSOM, May 2017). The deterioration pointed to significant food Figure 7: Coping strategies index consumption gaps as even the most severe coping strategies were the ones being employed most frequently (restriction of food consumption by adults to allow more for children). The least-employed consumption-based coping mechanism was the reduction of the number of meals. Additionally, approximately 45.2 and 24.6 percent of households were employing stressed and crisis livelihood-based coping strategies respectively (Figure 7). 3.3 Utilization 3.3.1 Health and Nutrition The proportion of children at risk of malnutrition as measured by mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) in June was 66.7 percent above the 2012-2016 LTA and more than double compared to similar last year. The implication was a deterioration in the nutritional status of children aged below five years owed to the reduced food intake, dietary diversity and nutritive value as recorded in the food consumption score. Other reasons include poor child-care practices as only 35.5 percent of children were exclusively breast-fed. Morbidity Patterns Acute respiratory tract infections, diarhoea and malaria were the most prevalent diseases among children aged below five years and the general population across all livelihood zones. 16 5 4)aeoh3rraiD(2 sesaC1 fo .oN 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Ja n Fe bM a la M a rria 2 0 1 7 A p r M Ma a yla ria Ju n 2 0 1 6 Ju lyD ia A urrh go e a Se p 2 0 1 7 O ctD N o via rrh o e D e ca 2 0 1 6 1 1 1 1 8 6 4 2 0 6 4 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 )airalaM( sesac fo.oN Figure 8: Morbidity patterns There was a decrease in malaria, upper respiratory tract infections and diarrhoea among children aged below five years and the general population. Malaria cases decreased due to the mass distribution of mosquito nets that had been carried out and was still on-going. However, the others decreased because there was less reporting of the diseases in the facilities since there was a nurse’s strike and some facilities had been closed due to insecurity particularly in East Pokot sub-county. Immunization and Vitamin A coverage The coverage of the fully immunized child (Table 13), vitamin A coverage, OPV 1, OPV 3 and measles decreased in May 2017 compared to a similar time last year due to interruption of health services delivery owed to the nurses’ strike and closure of facilities due to insecurity in East Pokot sub-county. Distances to health facilities also increased due to the closure of these facilities. Considering that the distances to water sources had also increased, the work- load on women charged with looking for food and water coupled with child care increased. Women therefore tended to prioritize these tasks as opposed to vaccination and immunization, particularly also because they had to walk further than normal to access these services. Table 13: Immunization coverage Year Percentage of fully immunized Percentage of children children in the County immunized against the mentioned Source DHIS MOH 710 Vaccines diseases in the county and Immunizations Source: Nutrition survey January to June 2017 58.7 1. OPV 1 59.1 2. OPV 3 53.1 3. Measles 59.3 January to June 2016 66.86 1. OPV 1 75.1 2. OPV 3 62.2 3. Measles 69.1 3.3.2 Sanitation and Hygiene Approximately only 40-50 percent of households use protected water sources while only 3-5 percent treat water before consumption who were concentrated in urban areas and some parts of the mixed farming livelihood zone. The latrine coverage was seven, 16, 32 and 45 percent in the pastoral-all species, agro-pastoral, irrigated cropping and mixed farming livelihood zones respectively. With latrine coverage being below the recommended level and approximately half of households obtaining water from unprotected water sources, diarrhoeal diseases were reported to have ranked high in the morbidity trends in the county. 3.4 Trends of key food security indicators Table 14: Food security trends Indicator Short rains assessment, Feb 2017 Long rains assessment, July 2017 Maize stocks held by 69 (Long rains assessment, July 50.7 households (%) (mixed 2016) farming) Livestock body Fair to good Poor for cattle, Fair to good for the condition rest Water consumption Pastoral-all species: 10-15 Pastoral-all species: 10-15 (litres per person per day) Agro-pastoral:10-15 Agro-pastoral: 10-15 Mixed farming: 15-20 Mixed farming: 15-20 Irrigated cropping: 20-25 Irrigated cropping: 20-25 Price of maize (Ksh. per 60 81 kg) Mid-upper arm 18 25 circumference (MUAC) Terms of trade 40 18 (number of kilograms purchased from the proceeds of the sale of a goat) Coping strategy index 12.9 (May 2016) 18.6 (May 2017) Food consumption score (May 2016) (May 2017) (percent) Poor 1.3 Poor 14 Borderline 8 Borderline 26.2 Acceptable 90.7 Acceptable 59.8 17 3.5 Education Access Enrolments in primary and secondary schools remained constant, with a 0.3 percent increase in primary, and 0.5 increase in secondary between Term I and Term II. There was a slight (1.5%) increase in ECD over the same period. (Table 15). Table 15: Enrolment in schools Term I 2017 Term II 2017 (includes new students registered and drop-outs since Term I 2017) Enrolment Boys Girls Total Boys Girls Total ECD 27160 25570 52511 27611 25915 53526 Primary 73359 67929 141288 73501 68167 141668 Secondary 20322 18593 38920 20422 18693 39115 Participation Participation in the county was above 85 percent for most schools (Table 16). 40 Schools, affecting over 52, 360 learners (25, 626 Female) were temporarily closed due to insecurity in Kapedo along the boundary between Baringo and Turkana counties, borders of Tiaty with Baringo North, Baringo South and Marakwet East sub-counties, but had later been re-opened. 12 schools in Eldume, Sandai, Kimorok, Kapndasum and Arabal were hosting pupils who had ran away from the conflict areas. Attendance had remained relatively stable due to the presence of the school meals program in the county. Table 16: School attendance Term III 2016 Term I 2017 Term II 2017 Indicator November 2016 January 2017 February March 2017 May 2017 June 2017 2017 School Boys Girls Boys Girls Boys Girls Boys Girls Boys Girls Boys Girls attendanc e ECD 26620 24890 26677 24974 2688 2502 2674 2506 2714 2528 2705 2519 8 8 2 1 7 3 3 2 Primary 70431 64512 65304 58439 6679 6047 6679 6047 6621 5997 6621 5997 3 7 3 7 0 3 0 3 Secondar 20099 18136 19580 17747 1975 1803 2006 1833 2010 1841 2014 1842 y 5 7 8 3 5 6 4 3 Attendance for ECD and secondary remained stable between Term III 2016, Term I 2017 and Term II 2017, while primary attendance had a drop in attendance from Term III 2016 to Term I 2017 as shown in the graph below. 18 Figure 9: School attendance Retention The drop-out rates remained relatively stable in the county, however, the dropout rate for females in ECD and Primary doubled in each case. In ECD, the female dropout rate jumped from 3% at end of Term III 2016 to 6%, while in primary the rate increased from 2% to 4% over the same period. For males, the rate stayed the same, 5%, for primary, and decreased from 8% to 7% for ECD as shown in table 17. The major reasons for dropping-out included the absence of food in schools, the schools available were far away and households did not find any value in schooling so did not insist on children going to school. In primary schools, the reasons given for dropping out were insecurity/violence, family labour responsibilities together with an absence of food in schools. Finally for secondary schools, students dropped out due to early marriages, pregnancies, lack of school fees and family labour responsibilities. Generally girls dropped out due to pregnancies and early marriages while boys did, due to engagement in boda boda business which ensured quick cash. Table 17: Schools drop-outs Indicator End of Term III 2016 End of Term I 2017 Students dropped out from school № Boys № Girls № Boys № Girls ECD 1,998 1,387 1,901 1,534 Primary 3,543 2,828 3,448 2,649 Secondary 24 25 0 0 School meals program The number of both boys and girls receiving school feeding was 104,075 through one of three types of school meals programme in the county (Figure 18). The programme has enhanced participation due to lack of food at home. Nevertheless, pupils at times missed meals in cases of insecurity particularly in Baringo North and East Pokot, as well as when there is insufficient water to cook food or there were delays in the food pipeline from the donors. 34,523 children are reported as missing meals in Baringo schools for these reasons. 19 Table 18: School meals programme Name of No. of HGSM RSMP ESMP None Total number sub- schools of beneficiaries county with Boys Girls Boys Girls Boys Girls Boys Girls Boys Girls school feeding Mogotio 67 6,853 6,837 2,652 2,460 3,906 3,644 Baringo Central 31 3,020 2,789 - - 5,315 4,876 East Pokot 113 9,006 7,727 - - 1,292 411 Marigat 49 10,031 9,572 3,446 2,645 2,534 2,354 Baringo North 71 9,167 8,810 7,010 7,021 5,315 4,876 Koibatek 90 - - - - 2,513 2,516 - - Subtotal 29,071 28,008 9,006 7,727 15,621 14,642 18,362 16,161 76,245 81,913 Grand total (boys + girls) 57,079 16,733 30,263 34,523 104,075 Inter-sector links The ministry of health regularly carried out deworming at educational institutions for ECD centres. The national government through the ministry of interior was holding peace-building campaigns in an attempt to curb the insecurity that had been experienced in Baringo North, East Pokot and Marigat sub-counties. 4.0 FOOD SECURITY PROGNOSIS 4.1 Assumptions  The October to December short rains season will be below-normal.  Maize commodity prices will decline marginally through to September and are also likely to maintain an above-average trend.  Rangeland conditions are likely to improve slightly through to September due to the on- going off-season rains in most parts of the county. However, the improvement is likely to be short-lived as most areas spot depleted rangelands due to poor rejuvenation from the past two seasons.  Livestock prices are likely to increase slightly through to September owing to increased availability of forage rejuvenated from the off-season rains. However, they are likely to maintain a below-average trend due to lower-than-normal body condition.  Conflicts over rangeland resources are likely to continue along the borders of East Pokot with Baringo North and Baringo South sub-counties together with the border along the county with Turkana. 4.2 Food security outcomes for July, August and September Rangeland resources are expected to improve slightly through to September owed largely to the on-going off-season rains. However, the improvement is likely to be short-lived as rejuvenation is projected to be lower-than optimal due to below-normal performance of the rains. However, livestock production might realize marginal improvements due to below- normal tropical livestock units attributed to mortalities during the last season. Additionally, most livestock are likely to continue migrating out of the county fuelling conflicts along 20 migratory routes and increasing the county’s livestock disease burden. Livestock prices are expected to remain below-average. As income from livestock production decreases, majority of households in the pastoral-all species and agro-pastoral livelihood zones who rely on livestock are likely to face significant food consumption gaps related to access to market purchases. They are therefore likely to increase the number of consumption-based coping mechanisms and employ them more frequently in a bid to bridge this gap. In the mixed farming livelihood zone, the projected decline in crop production is likely to compromise food consumption as they rely on the activity for food. As the access to food decreases, the nutritional status especially for children is likely to worsen. Subsequently, poor households in the pastoral-all species and agro- pastoral livelihood zones are likely to be in Crisis (IPC Phase 3) while the mixed farming and irrigated cropping livelihood zones are likely to be in Stressed (IPC Phase 2) 4.3 Food security outcomes for October, November and December The onset of the short rains season is projected to be in October and will result in some rejuvenation of forage and recharge of water sources. However, the since the season is forecast to perform below-average in cumulative amounts, it is unlikely that these positive impacts will be long-lived since the county will still be recovering from the past two poor seasons. Therefore, although livestock production may improve as some livestock migrate back increasing milk availability and consumption and increasing domestic incomes, these are likely to occur at a small scale. The terms of trade are likely to improve marginally although they may remain below-average as commodity prices will remain at an all-time high due to reduced availability against lower- than-normal livestock prices. Coping mechanisms will likely increase in frequency and severity and food consumption gaps will therefore still be evident for households in the pastoral-all species and agro-pastoral livelihood zones who will continue relying on markets for food purchases. The nutritional status of children will continue to deteriorate. Poor households in the pastoral-all species livelihood zone will therefore remain in Crisis (IPC Phase 3). For households in the mixed farming and irrigated livelihood zones, harvests will have been realized although at lower-than-normal levels. Stocks will be depleted necessitating reliance on markets earlier than normal. With food commodity prices projected to be above-average, poor households in these zones are unlikely to attain minimum dietary requirements and are therefore likely to remain in Stressed (IPC Phase 2). 5.0 CONCLUSION AND INTERVENTIONS 5.1 Conclusion 5.1.1 Phase classification The county is classified in Crisis (IPC Phase 3). The pastoral-all species and agro-pastoral livelihood zones are classified in Crisis while the mixed farming and irrigated livelihood zones are classified in Stressed (IPC Phase 2). 5.1.2 Summary of findings The main food insecurity drivers this season include poor rainfall performance, the fall army worm infestation, insecurity and high food commodity prices. Most parts of the county received 50-75 percent of the normal rainfall particularly for the pastoral-all species and agro-pastoral livelihood zones which as characterized by poor temporal distribution and a late onset. Insecurity due to conflicts over pasture had increased and livestock had migrated earlier-than-normal reducing livestock production. Above-average food commodity prices were reported amid lower-than-normal livestock prices significantly reducing pastoralists’ 21 terms of trade. Crop production also performed below-optimal which further increased households’ vulnerability as this is the main season for crop production in the agro-pastoral, mixed farming and irrigated cropping livelihood zones. The lower-than-average performance was occasioned by the fall army worm infestation and the poor performance of the rainy season. There had been a significant reduction in the proportion of households with an acceptable diet compared with a similar time last year pointing to reduced dietary diversity, food intake, food frequency and nutritive value. The reduction in food consumption had manifested in an increase in the frequency and severity of coping strategies being employed. A deterioration in the nutritional status of children aged below five years had also been recorded and could largely be attributed to the reduced food consumption coupled with poor child care practices. Key factors to monitor include the current food insecurity drivers such as the fall army worm infestation, food commodity prices, rangeland conditions, conflicts along migratory routes and the nutritional status of children aged below five years. 5.1.3 Sub-county ranking Table 19: Sub-county ranking Sub-county Food Main food security threat (if any) security rank (1-6) East Pokot 1 Insecurity, poor rainfall performance, market disruptions, low livestock prices, high food commodity prices, livestock diseases, fall army worm infestation, high malnutrition rates Baringo 2 Insecurity, poor rainfall performance, market disruptions, livestock diseases, North fall army worm infestation, high malnutrition rates, high food commodity prices Mogotio 3 Poor performance of rains, fall army worm infestation, high food commodity prices, inconsistent supply of food commodities, high malnutrition rates Marigat 4 Insecurity, poor rainfall performance, livestock diseases, fall army worm infestation, high malnutrition rates, high food commodity prices Baringo 5 Poor rainfall performance, livestock diseases, fall army worm infestation, high Central malnutrition rates, high food commodity prices Eldama 6 Poor rainfall performance, fall army worm infestation, high food commodity Ravine prices 5.2 On-going Interventions 5.2.1 Non-food interventions Table 20: Ongoing interventions Sub Intervention Location No. of Proposed Impacts Cost Time County/ beneficiari Implementers in terms Fram Ward es of food e security Agriculture Sector Immediate on going interventions All sub- Purchase of All sub- 20,000HH State department of Salvage 54M July - counties chemicals and counties Agriculture and Baringo damaged Sept equipment for County Government crop the control of fall (BCG) -Department of army worm Agriculture 22 Sub Intervention Location No. of Proposed Impacts Cost Time County/ beneficiari Implementers in terms Fram Ward es of food e security Medium and Long Term on going interventions All sub- Horticulture All sub- 12,000 HH Department of Increased 5 M 2015- counties development counties Agriculture , livestock income 2018 project( and Fisheries- BCG generation provision of , green houses, diversifica drip kits and tion of assorted fruit tree food seedlings wealthy creation through value addition Baringo Provision of Kabarnet, 3500 HH Department of Income 5M 2015- Central, coffee and Kapropita, Agriculture , livestock generation 2018 Baringo macadamia Ewalel and Fisheries- BCG and North, seedlings Chapchap, wealthy Baringo Sacho, creation South, Tenges, through Mogotio Mogotio, value and Koibatek, addition Eldama Mochongo Ravine i Livestock Sector Immediate on going interventions Baringo Disease Koibatek 5,120 cattle MOALF, Reduced 2M Jan- control(vaccinati incidences May BCG ons against of 2017 FMD and livestock Black-quarter diseases leading to improved livestock Baringo 1000 cattle body south condition Baringo Feeds 20,000 MOALF, Increase 50M Mar- distribution Livestock chances of July All BCG livestock 2017 (hay, drought NDMA survival pellets/meal) during Urea Molasses drought Mineral Blocks period Medium and Long Term on going interventions All sub- Supply and All sub- 847 hives BCG To 0.7M Apr- counties distribution of counties promote Jun beehives diversifica 2017 tion 23 Sub Intervention Location No. of Proposed Impacts Cost Time County/ beneficiari Implementers in terms Fram Ward es of food e security All sub- Supply and All sub- 10,000 to BCG To 2M Apr- counties distribution of counties 50 groups promote Jun chicks diversifica 2017 tion and ensure gender equity All sub- Pasture Mogotio, 1000 RPLRP Promote 20M 2016- counties establishment Baringo livestock 2018 and seed bulking North, feeds plots Baringo availabilit South, y Tiaty Health and Nutrition Sector Immediate interventions All Sub Vitamin A All health 193,000 MOH supported by Improved 3.3M Routi Counties Supplementation facilities, UNICEF, WVK & Afya immunity ne and Zinc selected uzazi, County Supplementation ECD department of health Selected Management of 100 health 4856 County department of Improved 16.6M Routi health Acute facilities health supported by immunity ne facilities Malnutrition National government, all over (IMAM) UNICEF, WVK and the Surge at 6 WFP county health facilities in East Pokot All Sub IYCN All health 11580 County department of Improved 780,000 Routi Counties Interventions facilities health supported by immunity ne (EBF and timely and Afya Uzazi introduction of communit complementary y units foods) All Sub Iron folate All health 10860 County department of Improved 356000 Routi Counties supplementation facilities health supported by immunity ne among pregnant ANC WVK, UNICEF women All Sub Deworming All health 6700 County department of Improved 600,000 Routi Counties facilities health supported by immunity ne ANC WVK, UNICEF & Afya Uzazi East Blanket All health 31200 County department of Improved 21,510,31July- Pokot supplementary facilities health supported by immunity 8 Sept feeding & WFP,WVK outreach sites 24 Sub Intervention Location No. of Proposed Impacts Cost Time County/ beneficiari Implementers in terms Fram Ward es of food e security All Sub Outreaches and 49 site 45500 County department of Improved 40,000,00On Counties mass screening health services, Afya health 0 going uzazi, KRCS, WVK Beyond zero clinics Catholic mission Mogotio, Mass net Mogotio, 353000 County Government, Decreased 18,000,00On distribution National malaria control morbidity 0 going Eldamara Eldamarav programme. due to vine ine malaria Water Sector Immediate interventions All sub- Water trucking Institution 12 BCG, NG, RCS, WV, Reduced 2M On counties s Institutions UNCEF, NDMA distances going in accessing water. All sub- Borehole Communit 200HH BCG, NG, RCS, WV, Increase in 4M On counties rehabilitation y UNCEF, NDMA access to going safe water All sub- Capacity County 2 Sub RCS, WV, UNCEF Increased 0.5M On counties building on counties knowledge going water on safe management water. Medium and Long Term on going interventions All sub- Construction of All sub- 1840 HH BCG, NG, RCS, WV, Reduced 60M 2017- counties new water counties UNCEF, NDMA distances 2018 projects in accessing water. All sub- Rehabilitation, All sub- 5120 HH BCG, NG, RCS, WV, Increase in 24 M 2017- counties drilling and counties UNCEF, NDMA access to 2018 equipping of safe water boreholes All sub- Capacity All sub- 2130 HH BCG, NG, RCS, WV, Increased 4.5M 2017- counties building on counties UNCEF, NDMA knowledge 2018 water on safe management water. Education Sector 25 Sub Intervention Location No. of Proposed Impacts Cost Time County/ beneficiari Implementers in terms Fram Ward es of food e security Immediate interventions B. North Provision of food Sibilo Pri, 198 GOK,CG Parents, Increase 2014- items WVK, NGOs, KRS enrolment, 2018 Kapluk Pri, (HGSMP,CSMP, high EHGMP) Kipcherere Pri, transition rate and Bartabwa Pri, retention Akoreyan Pri, Atiar Pri B. Planting of Salawa Pri, 1800 GOK, CG, partners To earn 2014- Central mangoes, income to 2018 Kaptara Pri, groundnuts, purchase pawpaw Chesongo Pri, food in times of green grams, Kapkelelwa scarcity cowpeas for Pri, income in schools Ochii Pri Marigat HGSMP, Mukutani Pri, 8000 GOK,MOE,WFP,KRS, Increase 2014- WVK,UNICEF access to 2018 Arabal Pri, education, Kapndasum improve Pri, health status and Ngelecha Pri, IGA Noosuguro pri, Kiserian Pri, Kailer Pri, Sandai Pri, Loboi Pri, Kapkuikui Pri, Ngambo Pri, Barsemoi Pri, Salabani Pri, Perkerra Pri, Loitip Pri, Eldume Pri, Endao Pri 5.3 Recommended Interventions 5.3.1 Food interventions Table 21: Recommended interventions Sub-county Food Main food security threat (if any) security rank (1-6 East Pokot 1 Insecurity, poor rainfall performance, market disruptions, low livestock prices, 26 high food commodity prices, livestock diseases, fall army worm infestation, high malnutrition rates Baringo 2 Insecurity, poor rainfall performance, market disruptions, livestock diseases, North fall army worm infestation, high malnutrition rates, high food commodity prices Mogotio 3 Poor performance of rains, fall army worm infestation, high food commodity prices, inconsistent supply of food commodities, high malnutrition rates Marigat 4 Insecurity, poor rainfall performance, livestock diseases, fall army worm infestation, high malnutrition rates, high food commodity prices Baringo 5 Poor rainfall performance, livestock diseases, fall army worm infestation, high Central malnutrition rates, high food commodity prices Eldama 6 Poor rainfall performance, fall army worm infestation, high food commodity Ravine prices 5.3.2 Non-food interventions Table 22: Recommended non-food interventions Sub- Intervention Location No. of Proposed Required Available Time county/ beneficiaries Implementers Resources ResourceFrame Ward s Agriculture Sector Immediate recommended Interventions All sub- Capacity All sub- 100,000 Department of 100 Staff immediat counties building of counties households Agriculture Million e staff on fall and army worm stakeholders control and provision of chemicals Medium and Long Term recommended interventions Livestock Sector All sub- Distribution of All sub- 41,500 HH MOALF 54.088 M 2.7M Aug counties hay and food counties 2017- BCG supplements to Dec,2017 the affected NDMA(EU) livestock Partners All sub- Disease All sub- Countywide BCG, National 10M 2M Aug, counties control(vaccina counties government 2017- tions against and Dec, 2017 FMD,CCPP, Development partners and Black quarter All sub- Emergency All sub- 1,500HH BCG(MOALF) 24M - Aug, counties Livestock off- counties ,Nat. Govt. 2017- take, Dec, 2017 (commercial 27 Sub- Intervention Location No. of Proposed Required Available Time county/ beneficiaries Implementers Resources ResourceFrame Ward s and slaughter) Health and Nutrition Sector Immediate recommended interventions All Mass screening Hard-to-reach 80 sites County 14,000,00 2,000,000 June Oct areas department of 0 2017 health services, Afya uzazi, KRCS, WVK Beyond zero clinics Catholic mission East Integrated Hard-to-reach 40 sites County 16,000,00 3,000,000 June Oct Pokot, medical areas department of 0 2017 Baringo outreaches health services, North, Afya uzazi, Marigat KRCS, & Mogotio WVK Beyond zero clinics Catholic mission All sub- Purchase and Household 1200 h/H County 6,000,000 1,000,000 June Oct counties distribute water getting water department of 2017 treatment drugs from dams health services, Afya uzazi, KRCS, WVK Medium and Long term Recommended Interventions Selected Implement All sub- 30 health County 50,000,00 29,000,002017/101 health IMAM surge counties facilities department of 0 0 8 facilities health services, (30) all , WVK over the county Selected Implement All sub- 30 health County 7,000,000 1,500,000 2017/101 CUs BFCI counties facilities department of 8 health services, BBC media action, WVK, Afya uzazi 28 Sub- Intervention Location No. of Proposed Required Available Time county/ beneficiaries Implementers Resources ResourceFrame Ward s All sub- Purchase and Hard to reach 25 Health County 5250,000 500,000 2017/101 counties distribute areas facilities department of 8 fridge to new health health facilities services,, for preservation WVK, afya of vaccines Uzazi Water Sector Immediate interventions All sub- Provision of Community 2500HH BCG, NG, 2.5M - 1- 5 counties fuel/electricity WS RCS, WV, months subsidy UNCEF, NDMA All sub- Rehabilitation / Community 2150HH BCG, NG, 30M - 1- 5 counties Servicing of WS RCS, WV, months pumping units UNCEF, and stock NDMA piling of fast- moving spares 20 community water supplies All sub- Roof -water Institutions / 30 Inst. BCG, NG, 8M - 1- 5 counties harvesting Communities RCS, WV, months structures UNCEF, NDMA Medium and Long term Recommended Interventions All sub- Drilling and Across all 2300HH BCG, NG, 90M 15M 1 - 5 yrs counties Equipping of livelihoods RCS, WV, 12 strategic UNCEF, BHs along NDMA migratory routes and settlement areas All sub- Construction Across all 3800HH BCG, NG, 80 M 20M 1 – 5 yrs counties and livelihoods RCS, WV, Rehabilitation UNCEF, of 10 potential NDMA water supplies All sub- Construction of Across all 6500HH BCG, NG, 1100M 30M 1 -5Yrs counties 4 dams,18 livelihoods RCS, WV, water pans and UNCEF, 18 farm ponds NDMA for domestic and irrigation water use Education Sector Immediate interventions 29 Sub- Intervention Location No. of Proposed Required Available Time county/ beneficiaries Implementers Resources ResourceFrame Ward s Baringo HSGMP,EHS Baringo North 3400 GOK,BCG,WF 100M Jul-Dec North MP P,KRS.WVK,F 2017 PO Mogotio HGSMP Mogotio 3000 GOK,BCG,WF 50M Jul-Dec P,KRS.WVK,F 2017 PO East Purchase of East Pokot 4000 GOK,BCG,WF 3M Jul-Dec pokot beehives,camel P,KRS.WVK,F 2017 ,goats PO,UNICEF Marigat Construction of Eldume,Sanda 2000IDPs due GOK,BCG,WF 10M Jul-Dec temporary i,Kimorok,Ka to insecurity P,KRS.WVK,F 2017 boarding pndasum,Ara PO,UNICEF,F facilities to bal AO house IDPs B. Construction of Kaptara 1250 GOK,BCG,FB 20M Jul-Dec Central a dam in school pri,Chesongo, Os 2017 Salawa,Kapke lelwa,Mogor wo 30 - Page 26