An Act to authorize assistance for disaster relief and rehabilitation, to provide for overseas distribution and production of agricultural commodities, to amend the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, and for other purposes.
PL 94-161 (H.R.9005), enacted 12/20/1975

PUBLIC LAW 94-161—DEC. 20, 1975 
89 STAT. 849 
Public Law 94-161 
94th Congress 
An Act 
To authorize assistance for disaster relief and rehabilitation, to provide for 
overseas distribution and production of agricultural commodities, to amend 
the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, and for other purposes. 
Be it enacted hy the Senate and House of Representatives 
of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled^ That this Act may 
be cited as the "International Development and Food Assistance Act 
of 1975". 
T I T L E I — I N T E R N A T I O N A L D I S A S T E R A S S I S T A N C E 
Dec. 20. 1975 
[H.R. 9005] 
International 
Development and 
Food Assistance 
Act of 1975. 
22 u s e 2151 
note. 
IXTERNATIOXAL DISASTER ASSISTANCE 
SEC. 101. The Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 is amended— 
(1) by amending the chapter heading for chapter 9 of part I 
to read "CHAPTER 9—INTERNATIONAL DISASTER ASSISTANCE"; 
(2) by repealing section 491; 
(3) by inserting immediately after the chapter heading for 
such chapter 9 the following new sections: 
"SEC. 491. POLICY AND GENERAL AUTHORITY.— (a) The Congress, 
recognizing that prompt United States assistance to alleviate human 
suffering caused by natural and manmade disasters is an important 
expression of the humanitarian concern and tradition of the people of 
the United States, affirms the Avillingness of the United States to pro-
vide assistance for the relief and rehabilitation of people and countries 
affected by such disasters. 
"(b) Subject to the limitation on appropriations in section 492, and 
notwithstanding any other provision of this or any other Act, the 
President is authorized to furnish assistance to any foreign country 
or international organization on such terms and conditions as he may 
determine, for international disaster relief and rehabilitation, includ-
ing assistance relating to disaster preparedness, and to the prediction 
of, and contingency planning for, natural disasters abroad. 
" (c) In carrying out the provisions of this section the President shall 
insure that the assistance provided by the United States shall, to the 
greatest extent possible, reach those most in need of relief and rehabili-
tation as a result of natural and manmade disasters. 
"SEC. 492. AUTHORIZATION.—There is authorized to be appropriated 
to the President to carry out section 491, $25,000,000 for each of the 
fiscal years 1976 and 1977, Amounts appropriated under this section 
are authorized to remain available until expended. The President shall 
submit quarterly reports to the Committee on Foreign Relations of 
the Senate and to the Speaker of the House of Representatives on the 
programing and obligation of funds under this section. 
"SEC. 493. DISASTER ASSISTANCE—COORDINATION.—The President is 
authorized to appoint a Special Coordinator for International Dis-
aster Assistance whose responsibility shall be to promote maximum 
effectiveness and coordination in responses to foreign disasters by 
United States agencies and between the United States and other 
donors. Included among the Special Coordinator's responsibilities 
22 u s e 2292. 
Repeal. 
22 u s e 2292. 
22 u s e 2292. 
Infra. 
22 u s e 2292a. 
Reports to Senate 
committee and 
Speaker of the 
House. 
Special 
eoordinator for 
International 
Disaster 
Assistance. 
Presidential 
appointment. 
22 u s e 2292b. 
89 STAT. 850 
PUBLIC LAW 94-161—DEC. 20, 1975 
22 u s e 2292c. 
22 u s e 2292d, 
2292e. 
Repeal. 
22 u s e 2399. 
22 u s e 2292e. 
Sahel and 
drought-stricken 
African nations, 
comprehensive 
development 
plan. 
Appropriation 
authorization. 
eomprehensive 
proposal, 
submittal to 
congressional 
committees. 
22 u s e 2292f. 
Ante, p. 849. 
shall be the formulation and updating of contingency plans for pro-
viding disaster relief."; 
(4) by redesignating section 452 as section 494 and inserting 
it immediately after section 493; 
(5) by redesignating sections 639A and 639B as sections 494A 
and 494B, respectively, and inserting them immediately after 
section 494; 
(6) by repealing section 639; 
(7) in section 494B, as redesignated by paragraph (5) of this 
section— 
(A) by striking out "SAHEL" in the section caption, 
(B) by inserting "(a)" immediately after the section 
caption, 
(C) by striking out "supports" and inserting in lieu thereof 
"reaffirms its support of", and 
(D) by adding the following new subsections at the end 
thereof: 
"(b) The President is authorized to develop a long-term compre-
hensive development program for the Sahel and other drought-
stricken nations in Africa. 
"(c) In developing this long-term program, the President shall— 
"(1) consider international coordination for the planning and 
implementation of such program; 
"(2) seek greater participation and support by African coun-
tries and organizations in determining development priorities f 
and 
"(3) begin such planning immediately. 
"(d) There is authorized to be appropriated to the President, to 
carry out the purposes of this section, in addition to funds otherwise 
available for such purposes, $5,000,000 for the fiscal year 1976, which 
amount is authorized to remain available until expended. The Presi-
dent shall submit to the Foreign Relations and Appro^iriations 
Committees of the Senate and the International Relations and Appro-
priations Committees of the House of Representatives not later 
than April 30, 1976, a comprehensive proposal for carrying out the 
provisions of this section which shall include budget materials relating 
to programs for the fiscal year 1977."; and 
(8) by adding the following new section immediately after 
new section 494B: 
"SEC. 495. CYPRUS RELIEF AND REHABILITATION.—The President is 
authorized to furnish assistance, on such terms and conditions as he 
may determine, for the relief and rehabilitation of refugees and other 
needy people in Cyprus. There is authorized to be appropriated for 
the purposes of this section, in addition to amounts otherwise avail-
able for such purposes, $30,000,000. Such amount is authorized to 
remain available until expended. Assistance under this section shall be 
provided in accordance with the policy and general authority con-
tained in section 491.". 
TITLE II—FOOD AID TO POOR COUNTRIES 
POLICY 
SEC. 201. Section 2 of the Agricultural Trade Development and 
7 use 1691. 
Assistance Act of 1954 is amended by adding at the end thereof the 
following: 
PUBLIC LAW 94-161—DEC. 20, 1975 
89 STAT. 851 
"In furnishing food aid under this Act, the President shall— 
"(1) give priority consideration, in helping to meet urgent 
food needs abroad, to making available the maximum feasible 
volume of food commodities (with appropriate regard to domes-
tic price and supply situations) required by those countries most 
seriously affected by food shortages and by inabilitj^ to meet 
immediate food requirements on a normal commercial basis; 
"(2) continue to urge all traditional and potential new donors 
of food, fertilizer, or the means of financing these commodities 
to increase their participation in efforts to address the emergency 
and longer term food needs of the developing world; 
"(3) relate United States assistance to eft'orts by aid-receiving 
countries to increase their own agricultural production, with 
emphasis on development of small, family farm agriculture, and 
improve their facilities for transportation, storage, and distri-
bution of food commodities; 
"(4) give special consideration to the potential for expanding 
markets for America's agricultural abundance abroad in the allo-
cation of commodities or concessional financing; and 
"(5) give appropriate recognition to and support of a strong 
and viable American farm economy in providing for the food 
security of consumers in the United States and throughout the 
world.". 
WORLD FOOD COXFERENCE TARGET 
SEC. 202. The Agricultural Trade Development and Assistance Act 
of 1954 is amended by inserting immediately after section 2 the fol-
lowing new section: 
"SEC. 3. Pursuant to the World Food Conference recommendation 
7 USC 1691a. 
that donor countries provide a total of at least ten million tons of 
food assistance to needy nations annually, the President is urged to 
maintain a significant United States contribution to this goal and 
to encourage other countries to maintain and increase their contribu-
tions as well.". 
EXERCISE o r 
AUTHORITIES 
SEC. 203. Section 103 of the Agricultural Trade Development and 
Assistance Act of 1954 is amended— 
^ USC 1703. 
(1) by amending subsection (a) to read as follows: 
"(a) take into account efforts of friendly countries to help 
themselves toward a greater decree of self-reliance, including 
efforts to increase their own agricultural production, especially 
through small, family farm agriculture, to improve their facili-
ties for transportation, storage, and distribution of food com-
modities, and to reduce their rate of population growth;"; 
(2) in subsection (b), by inserting "and in section 106(b) (2)" 
immediately after "section 104"; and 
(3) in subsection (d), by striking out the second proviso and 
Waiver, 
inserting in lieu thereof '•'•Provided, That this exclusion from the 
definition of 'friendly country' ma^ be waived by the President 
if he determines that such waiver is in the national interest and 
reports such determination to the Congress within 10 days of the 
date of such determination,". 
89 STAT. 852 
PUBLIC LAW 94-161—DEC. 20, 1975 
7 use 1704. 
Repeal. 
rOREIGN CUKRENCIES FROM OVERSEAS SALES 
SEC. 204. Section 104 of the Agricultural Trade Development and 
Assistance Act of 1954 is amended— 
(1) by inserting immediately after "the House Committee on 
Agriculture" each time it appears "and the House Committee on 
International Eelations"; 
(2) by inserting immediately after "the Senate Committee on 
Agriculture and Forestry" each time it appears "and the Senate 
Committee on Foreign Relations"; and 
(3) by repealing subsection (c). 
7 use 1706. 
7 use 1736. 
7 use 1709. 
22 use 2151a, 
2151b. 
7 use 1703. 
7 use 1736b. 
22 use 2417. 
USE BT FOREIGN" COUNTRIES OE PROCEEDS OF SALES OF AGRICULTURAL 
COMMODITIES 
SEC. 205. Section 106(b) of the Agricultural Trade Development 
and Assistance Act of 1954 is amended— 
(1) by inserting " (1)" immediately after " (b)"; 
(2) by adding at the end thereof: "In negotiating such agree-
ments with recipient countries, the United States shall emphasize 
the use of such proceeds for purposes which directly improve the 
lives of the poorest of their people and their capacity to partici-
pate in the development of their countries."; and 
(3) by adding at the end thereof the following new para-
graphs : 
"(2) Greatest emphasis shall be placed on the use of such proceeds 
to carry out programs of agricultural development, rural develop-
ment, nutrition, and population planning, and to carry out the pro-
gram described in section 406(a) (1) of this Act, in those countries 
which are undertaking self-help measures to increase agricultural 
production, improve storage, transportation, and distribution of com-
modities, and reduce population growth in accordance with section 
109 of this Act, and which programs are directed at and likely to 
achieve the policy objectives of sections 103 and 104 of the Foreign 
Assistance Act of 1961 and are consistent with the policy objectives 
of this Act, pursuant to agreements betw^een the United States and 
foreign governments under which uses of such proceeds shall be made 
for such purposes. Such uses shall be deemed payments for the pur-
pose of section 103(b) of this Act, except that for any fiscal year 
the total value of such payments may not exceed 15 per centum of 
the total value of all agreements entered into under title I of this 
Act for such fiscal year. Such payments shall be described in the 
reports required by section 408 of this Act and section 657 of the For-
eign Assistance Act of 1961. 
"(3) In entering into agreements for the sale of agricultural com-
modities for dollars on credit terms under this title, priority shall 
be given to countries which agree to use the proceeds from the sale 
of the commodities in accordance with the country's agricultural 
development plan which— 
"(A) is designed to increase the access of the poor in the 
recipient country to an adequate, nutritious, and stable food 
supply; 
_ ^ 
"(B) provides for such objectives as— 
"(i) making farm production equipment and facilities 
available to farmers, 
"(ii) credit on reasonable terms and conditions for small 
farmers, and 
PUBLIC LAW 94-161—DEC. 20, 1975 
89 STAT. 853 
"(iii) farm extension and technical information services 
designed to improve the marketing, storage, transportation, 
and distribution system for agricultural commodities and to 
develop the physical and institutional infrastructure support-
ing the small farmer; 
"(C) provides for participation by the poor, insofai- as pos-
sible, in the foregoing at the regional and local levels; ai)cl 
"(D) is designed to reach the largest practicable number of 
farmers in the recipient country.". 
SALES AGREEMENTS WITH DEVELOPING 
COUNTRIES 
SEC. 206. Section 109(a) of the Agricultural Trade Development and 
Assistance Act of 1954 is amended by adding at the end thereof: "In 7 USC 1709. 
taking these self-help measures into consideration the President shall 
take into particular account the extent to which they are being car-
ried out in ways designed to contribute directly to development prog-
ress in poor rural areas and to enable the poor to participate 
actively in increasing agricultural production through small farm 
agriculture.". 
ASSISTANCE TO MOST SERIOUSLY AFFECTED COUNTRIES 
SEC. 207. Title I of the Agricultural Trade Development and Assist-
ance Act of 1954 is amended by adding at the end thereof the following 
new section: 
"SEC. 111. Not more than 25 per centum of the food aid commodities 7 USC 1711. 
provided under this title in each fiscal year shall be allocated and 
agreed to be delivered to countries other than those with an annual 
per capita gross national product of $300 or less and affected by 
inability to secure sufficient food for their immediate requirements 
through their own production or commercial purchase from abroad, 
unless the President certifies to the Congress that the use of such food 
assistance is required for humanitarian food purposes and neither 
House of Congress disapproves such use, by resolution, within thirty 
calendar days after such certification. In determining per capita gross 
national product for the purposes of this section, the President is 
authorized and directed to make use of data developed by the AVorld 
Bank for its most recent annual report and relied upon by the Secre-
tary of the Treasury. A reduction below 75 per centum in the propor-
tion of food aid allocated and agreed to be delivered to countries with a 
per capita gross national product of $300 or less and affected by 
inability to secure sufiicient food for their immediate requirements 
through their own production or commercial purchase from abroad 
which results from significantly changed circumstances occurring after 
the initial allocation shall not constitute a violation of the require-
ments of this section. Any reallocation of food aid shall be in accord-
ance with this section so far as practicable. The President shall report Report to 
promptly any such reduction, and the reasons therefor, to the Congress. 
Congress.". 
CONTINUITY o r DISTRIBUTION UNDER TITLE II 
SEC. 208. Section 201 of the Agricultural Trade Development and 
Assistance Act of 1954 is amended— 
7 USC 1721. 
(1) by inserting "(a)" immediately after "SEC. 201." ; and 
(2) by adding at the end thereof the following new subsection: 
"(b) The minimum quantity of agricultural commodities distributed 
57-194 O - 77 - 58 
89 STAT. 854 
PUBLIC LAW 94-161—DEC. 20, 1975 
7 use 1731. 
under this title shall be 1,300,000 tons of which the minimum dis-
tributed through nonprofit voluntary agencies and the World Food 
Program shall be one million tons in each fiscal year, unless the Presi-
dent determines and reports to the Congress, together with his reasons, 
that such quantity cannot be used effectively to carry out the purposes 
of this title: Provided^ That such minimum quantity shall not exceed 
the total quantity of commodities determined to be available for dis-
position under this Act pursuant to section 401, less the quantity of 
commodities required to meet famine or other urgent or extraordinary 
relief requirements.". 
7 use 1726. 
7 use 1709. 
22 use 2151a. 
7 use 1736b. 
22 use 2417. 
7 use 1736a. 
LIMITATION OlSr USE OP FOREIGN" CUKKEIirCIES 
SEC. 209. Title II of the Agricultural Trade Development and 
Assistance Act of 1954 is amended by adding at the end thereof the 
following new section: 
"SEC. 206. Except to meet famine or other urgent or extraordinary 
relief requirements, no assistance under this title shall be provided 
under an agreement permitting generation of foreign currency pro-
ceeds unless (1) the country receiving the assistance is undertaking 
self-help measures in accordance with section 109 of this Act, (2) 
the specific uses to which the foreign currencies are to be put are set 
forth in a written agreement between the United States and the 
recipient country, and (3) such agreement provides that the curren-
cies will be used for purposes specified in section 103 of the Foreign 
Assistance Act of 1961. The President shall include information on 
currencies used in accordance with this section in the reports required 
under section 408 of this Act and section 657 of the Foreign Assistance 
Act of 1961.". 
ADVISORY COMMITTEE 
SEC. 210. Section 407 of the Agricultural Trade Development and 
Assistance Act of 1954 is amended by inserting immediately before 
the period at the end of the first sentence ", or their designees (who 
shall be members of such committees or, in the case of members from 
the executive branch, who shall have been confirmed by the Senate)". 
7 use 1736b. 
7 use 1709. 
Report to 
congressional 
committees. 
REPORTS TO THE CONGRESS 
SEC. 211. Section 408 of the Agricultural Trade Development and 
Assistance Act of 1954 is amended— 
(1) by inserting "(a)" immediately after "SEC. 408."; 
(2) by striking out "calendar" in the first sentence and insert-
ing in lieu thereof "fiscal"; and 
(3) bv adding the following new subsections: 
"Cb) In his presentation to the Congress of planned programing 
of food assistance for each fiscal year, the President shall include a 
global assessment of food production and needs, self-help steps which 
are being taken by food-short countries under section 109(a) of this 
Act, steps which are being taken to encourage other countries to 
increase their participation in food assistance or the financing of food 
assistance, and the relationship between food assistance provided to 
each country under this Act and other foreign assistance provided 
to such country by the United States and other donors. 
"(c) Not later than November 1 of each calendar year the President 
shall submit to the House Committee on Agriculture, the House Com-
mittee on International Kelations, the Senate Committee on Agricul-
ture and Forestry, and the Senate Committee on Foreign Relations a 
PUBLIC LAW 94-161—DEC. 20, 1975 
89 STAT. 855 
revised global assessment of food production and needs, and revised 
planned programming of food assistance for the current fiscal year, 
to reflect, to the maximum extent feasible, the actual availability of 
commodities for food assistance.". 
INTERNATIONAL FOOD RESERVE SYSTEM 
SEC. 212. The Agricultural Trade Development and Assistance Act 
of 1954 is amended by adding at the end thereof the following new 
section: 
"SEC. 412, The President is authorized and encouraged to seek inter- 7 USC 1736f. 
national agreement, subject to congressional approval, for a system of 
food reserves to meet food shortage emergencies and to provide insur-
ance against unexpected shortfalls in food production, with costs of 
such a system to be equitably shared among nations and with farmers 
and consumers to be given firm safeguards against market price 
disruption from such a system.". 
REPORT REGARDING IMPLEMENTATION OF RECOMMENDATIONS OF WORLD 
FOOD CONFERENCE 
SEC. 213. The Congress calls upon the President to strengthen the 7 USC 1691a 
efforts of the United States to carry out the recommendations of the °°*®-
World Food Conference. The President shall submit a detailed report Report to 
to the Congress not later than November 1, 1976, with respect to the Congress, 
steps he has taken to carry out the recommendations of the World 
Food Conference, including steps to fulfill the commitment of the 
United States and to encourage other nations to increase their partici-
pation in efforts to improve the food security of the poorest portion of 
the world's population. 
AMENDMENT TO FARMER-TO-FARMER PROGRAM 
SEC. 214. Section 406 of the Agricultural Trade Development and 
Assistance Act of 1954 is amended— 
^ ^^^ ^'^^'^• 
(1) by striking out "the Secretary of Agriculture" in subsection 
(a) and inserting in lieu thereof "the President"; 
(2) by striking in paragraph (1) of subsection (a) "through 
existing agencies of the Department of Agriculture"; 
(3) by amending paragraph (5) of subsection (a) to read as 
follows: 
"(5) to coordinate the program authorized in this section with 
other foreign assistance activities of the United States;". 
TITLE III—DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE 
POLICY 
SEC. 301. Section 102 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 is 22 U
S
C 2151. 
amended by adding at the end thereof the following new subsections: 
"(c) Assistance under this chapter should be used not simply for 
the purpose of transferring financial resources to developing countries, 
but to help countries solve development problems in accordance with a 
strategy that aims to increase substantially the participation of the 
poor. Accordingly, greatest emphasis shall be placed on countries and 
activities which effectively involve the poor in development, by 
expanding their access to the economy through services and institutions 
at the local level, increasing labor-intensive production, spreading pro-
89 STAT. 856 
PUBLIC LAW 94-161—DEC. 20, 1975 
ductive investment and services out from major cities to small towns 
and outlying rural areas, and otherwise providing opportunities for 
the poor to better their lives through their own effort. 
"(d) For the purpose of assuring that development assistance fur-
nished under this chapter is increasingly concentrated in countries 
which will make effective use of such assistance to help the poor toward 
a better life (especially such countries which are suffering from the 
worst and most widespread poverty and are in greatest need of outside 
assistance), the President shall establish appropriate criteria to assess 
the commitment and progress of countries in meeting the objectives set 
forth in subsection (c) of this section and in other sections of this 
chapter. In establishing such criteria, the President shall specifically 
take into account their value in assessing the efforts of countries to— 
" (1) increase agricultural productivity per unit of land through 
small-farm labor-intensive agriculture; 
" (2) reduce infant mortality; 
" (3) control population growth ; 
"(4) promote greater equality of income distribution, includ-
ing measures such as more progressive taxation and more equitable 
returns to small farmers; and 
"(5) reduce rates of unemployment and underemployment. 
The President shall endeavor to bring about the adoption of similar 
criteria by international development organizations in which the 
United States participates. Presentation materials submitted to the 
Congress with respect to assistance under this chapter, beginning with 
fiscal year 1977, shall contain detailed information concerning the 
steps being taken to implement this subsection.". 
22 u s e 2151a. 
Foreign 
currencies, use. 
7 u s e 1691 note. 
FOOD AXD NUTKITIOX 
SEC. 302. Section 103 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 is 
amended— 
(1) in subsection (a), by inserting "$618,800,000 for the fiscal 
year 1976 and $745,000,000 for the fiscal year 1977," immediately 
after "1975,"; and 
(2) by adding at the end thereof the following new subsections: 
"(c) Assistance provided under this section shall be used primarily 
for activities which are specifically designed to increase the produc-
tivity and income of the rural poor, through such means as creation 
and strengthening of local institutions linked to the regional and 
national levels; organization of a system of financial institutions which 
provide both savings and credit services to the poor; stimulation of 
small, labor-intensive enterprises in rural towns; improvement of mar-
keting facilities and systems; expansion of local or small-scale rural 
infrastructure and utilities such as farm-to-market roads, land 
improvement, energy, and storage facilities; establishment of more 
equitable and more secure land tenure arrangements; and creation and 
strengthening of systems to provide other services and supplies needed 
by farmers, such as extension, research, training, fertilizer, water, and 
improved seed, in ways which assure access to them by small farmers. 
"(d) Foreign currency proceeds from sales of commodities provided 
under the Agricultural Trade Development and Assistance Act of 
1954 which are owned by foreign governments shall be used whenever 
practicable to carry out the provisions of this section. 
"(e) In order to carry out the purposes of this section, the President 
is authorized to participate in and provide, on such terms and condi-
tions as he may determine, up to $200,000,000 to the International Fund 
PUBLIC LAW 94-161—DEC. 20, 1975 
89 STAT. 857 
for Agricultural Development. There is authorized to be appropriated 
to the President without fiscal year limitation $200,000,000 for such 
contribution. 
"(f) No funds may be obligated to carry out subse<;tion (e) unless— 
" (1) satisfactory agreement is reached on the Articles of Agree-
ment for the International Fund for Agricultural Development; 
"(2) such Articles of Agreement are reviewed and approved 
by the Senate Committee on Foreign Relations and the House 
Committee on International Relations; 
"(3) all donor commitments to the International Fund for 
Agricultural Development total at least $1,000,000,000 equivalent 
in convertible currencies, except that the United States contribu-
tion shall be proportionally reduced if this combined goal is not 
met; and 
"(4) there is equitable burden sharing among the different 
categories of contributors. 
"(g) The President shall submit to the Congress full and complete 
data concerning United States participation in, and oparation of, the 
International Fund for Agricultural Development in the annual 
presentation materials on proposed economic assistance programs.". 
Appropriation 
authorization. 
Articles of 
Agreement, 
review and 
approval by 
congressional 
committees. 
Data, submittal to 
Congress. 
AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH 
SEC. 303. Chapter 1 of part I of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 
is amended by adding after section 103 the following new section: 
"SEC. 103A. AGRICULTLTRAL RESEARCH.—Agricultural research car-
ried out under this Act shall (1) take account of the special needs of 
small farmers in the determination of research priorities, (2) include 
research on the interrelationships among technology, institutions, and 
economic, social, and cultural factors affecting small-farm agriculture, 
and (3) make extensive use of field testing to adapt basic research to 
local conditions. Special emphasis shall be placed on disseminating 
research results to the farms on which they can be put to use, and 
especially on institutional and other arrangements needed to assure 
that small farmers have effective access to both new and existing 
improved technology.". 
22 u s e 2151a.l. 
POPULATION PLANNING AND HEALTH 
SEC. 304. Section 101 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 19G1 is 
amended— 
(1) by inserting " (a)" immediatelv before "In ": 
(2) by inserting "$243,100,000 for the fiscal year 1976 and 
$275,600,000 for the fiscal year 1977," immediately after "1975,"; 
(3) by adding at the end thereof the following new sentence: 
"Not less than 67 percent of the funds made available under this 
section for any fiscal year shall be used for population planning, 
either in separate programs or as an element of health pro-
grams."; and 
(4) by adding at the end thereof the following new subsection: 
"(b) Assistance provided under this section shall be used primarily 
for extension of low-cost, integrated delivery systems to provide health 
and family planning services, especially to rural areas and to the poor-
est economic sectors, using paramedical and auxiliary medical person-
nel, clinics and health posts, commercial distribution systems, and 
other modes of community outreach; health programs which empha-
size disease prevention, environmental sanitation, and health educa-
tion ; and population planning programs which include education in 
22 use 2151b. 
89 STAT. 858 
PUBLIC LAW 94-161—DEC. 20, 1975 
responsible parenthood and motivational programs, as well as deliv-
ery of family planning services and which are coordinated with pro-
grams aimed at reducing the infant mortality rate, providing better 
nutrition to pregnant women and infants, and raising the standard of 
living of the poor.". 
EDUCATION" AND HUMAK RESOUKCES DEVELOPMENT 
22 use 2151c. 
SEC. 305. (a) Section 105 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 is 
amended— 
(1) by inserting " ( a ) " immediately before "In"; 
(2) by inserting "$89,200,000 for the fiscal year 1976 and 
$101,800,000 for the fiscal year 1977," immediately after "1975,"; 
and 
(3) by adding at the end thereof the following new subsections: 
"(b) Assistance provided under this section shall be used primarily 
to expand and strengthen nonformal education methods, especially 
those designed to improve productive skills of rural families and the 
urban poor and to provide them with useful information; to increase 
the relevance of formal education systems to the needs of the poor, 
especially at the primary level, through reform of curricula, teaching 
materials, and teaching methods, and improved teacher training; and 
to strengthen the management capabilities of institutions which enable 
the poor to participate in development. 
"(c) Of the amount authorized to be appropriated by subsection 
(a), not less than $1,000,000 shall be available to support the southern 
African student program and the southern African training program, 
for the purpose of providing educational assistance to Southern 
Africans.". 
Repeals. 
22 use 2151d, 
2151e, 2201. 
22 use 2151d. 
Ante, p. 856. 
Supra. 
TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE, ENERGY, RESEARCH, RECONSTRUCTION, AND 
SELECTED DEVELOPMENT PROBLEMS; INTERMEDIATE TECHNOLOGY 
SEC. 306. The Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 is amended— 
(1) by repealing sections 106, 107, and 241; and 
(2) by inserting immediately after section 105 the following 
new sections: 
"SEC. 106. TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE, ENERGY, RESEARCH, RECONSTRUC-
TION, AND SELECTED DEVELOPMENT PROBLEMS.— (a) 
The President is 
authorized to furnish assistance, on such terms and conditions as he 
may determine, for the following activities, to the extent that such 
activities are not authorized by sections 103, 104, and 105 of this Act: 
"(1) programs of technical cooperation and development, par-
ticularly the development efforts of United States private and 
voluntary agencies and regional and international development 
organizations; 
"(2) programs to help developing countries alleviate their 
energy problems by increasing their production and conservation 
of energy, through such means as research and development of 
suitable energy sources and conservation methods, collection and 
analysis of information concerning countries' potential supplies 
of and needs for energy, and pilot projects to test new methods 
of production or conservation of energy; 
"(3) programs of research into, and evaluation of, the process 
of economic development in less developed countries and areas, 
into the factors affecting the relative success and costs of develop-
ment activities, and into the means, techniques, and such other 
PUBLIC LAW 94-161—DEC. 20, 1975 
89 STAT. 859 
aspects of development assistance as the President may determine 
in order to render such assistance of increasing value and benefit; 
" (4) programs of reconstruction following natural or manmade 
disasters; 
"(5) programs designed to help solve special development 
problems in the poorest countries and to make possible proper 
utilization of infrastructure and related projects funded with 
earlier United States assistance; and 
" (6) programs of urban development, with particiular emphasis 
on small, labor intensive enterprises, marketing systems for small 
producers, and financial and other institutions which enable the 
urban poor to participate in the economic and social develop-
ment of their country. 
"(b) There is authorized to be appropriated to the President for 
the purposes of this section, in addition to funds otherwise available 
for such purposes, $99,550,000 for the fiscal year 1976 and $104,500,000 
for the fiscal year 1977, which amounts are authorized to remain 
available until expended. Of the amounts made available under this 
section, not less than $30,000,000 shall be available during the period 
beginning July 1, 1975, and ending September 30. 1977, only for 
reimbursement to private voluntary agencies of the United States for 
costs incurred with respect to the shipment of food and nonfood 
commodities provided through private donations. 
"SEC. 107. I^TTERMEDiATE TECHNOLOGY.—Of the funds made avail-
able to carry out this chapter for the fiscal years 1976,1977, and 1978, 
a total of $20,000,000 may be used for activities in the field of inter-
mediate technology, through grants in support of an expanded and 
coordinated private effort to promote the development and dissemina-
tion of technologies appropriate for developing countries. The Agency 
for International Development shall prepare a detailed proposal to 
carry out this section and shall keep the Senate Foreign Relations 
Committee and the House International Relations Committee fully 
and currently informed concerning the development of the proposal. 
The proposal shall be transmitted to these committees no later than 
March 31,1976, and shall not be implemented until thirty days after its 
transmittal or until passage by each committee of a resolution in 
eflfect approving its implementation.". 
Appropriation 
authorization. 
22 u s e 2151e. 
Proposal. 
Information to 
congressional 
committees. 
Transmitted to 
congressional 
committees. 
COST-SHARING 
SEC. 307. Section 110(a) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 
is amended by inserting immediately before the period at the end 
thereof the following: "and except that the President may waive 
this cost-sharing requirement in the case of a project or activity in 
a country which the agency primarily responsible for administering 
part I of this Act determines is relatively least developed based on 
the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development list of 
'relatively least developed countries' ". 
Waiver. 
22 use 2151h. 
DEVELOPMENT AND USE OF COOPERATIVES 
SEC. 308. Section 111 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 is 22 USC 21511. 
amended to read as follows: 
"SEC. 111. DEVELOPMENT AND USE or COOPERATIVES.—In order to 
strengthen the participation of the niral and urban poor in their 
country's development, hisrh priority shall be given to increasing the 
use of funds made available under this Act for assistance in the 
development of cooperatives in the less developed countries which will 
89 STAT. 860 
PUBLIC LAW 94-161—DEC. 20, 1975 
enable and encoura^^e greater numbers of the poor to help themselves 
toward a better life. Not less than $20,000,000 of such funds shall be 
used during the fiscal years 1976 and 1977, including the period from 
July 1,1976, through September 30,1976, only for technical assistance 
to carry out the purposes of this section.". 
INTEGRATING WOMKN INTO NATIONAL 
E C O N O M I E S 
22 use 2151k. 
SEC. 309. Section 113 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 is 
amended by striking out "Sections 103 through 107" and inserting 
in lieu thereof ''Part I". 
22 u s e 2151n. 
Justification for 
assistance, 
submittal to 
Congress. 
22 use 2367. 
Report to 
Speaker of the 
House and Senate 
committee. 
HUMAN RIGHTS AND DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE 
SEC. 310. Part I of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 is amended by 
inserting immediately after section 115 the following new section: 
"SEC. 116. HUMAN RIGHTS.— (a) No assistance may be provided 
under this part to the government of any country which engages in a 
consistent pattern of gross violations of internationally recognized 
human rights, including torture or cruel, inhuman, or degrading 
treatment or punishment, prolonged detention without charges, or 
other flagrant denial of the right to life, liberty, and the security of 
person, unless such assistance will directly benefit the needy people 
in such country. 
" (b) In determining whether this standard is being met with regard 
to funds allocated imder this part, the Committee on Foreig-n Rela-
tions of the Senate or the Committee on International Relations of the 
House of Representatives may require the Administrator primarily 
responsible for administering part I of this Act to submit in writing 
information demonstrating that such assistance will directly benefit 
the needy people in such countr\^ together with a detailed explana-
tion of the assistance to be provided (including the dollar amounts of 
such assistance) and an explanation of h
o
A
V such assistance will 
directly benefit the needy people in such country. If either committee or 
either House of Congress disagrees with the Administrator's justi-
fication it may initiate action to terminate assistance to any country 
by a concurrent resolution under section 617 of this Act. 
"(c) In determining whether or not a government falls within the 
provisions of subsection (a), consideration shall be given to the extent 
of cooperation of such governn\ent in permitting an unimpeded investi-
gation of alleged violations of internationally recoonized human 
rights by appropriate international organizations, including the Tnter-
nationai Committee of the Red Cross, or groups or persons acting 
under the authority of the United Nations or of the Organization of 
American States. 
"(d) The President shall transmit to the Speaker of the House of 
Representatives and the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Sen-
ate, in the annual presentation materials on proposed economic devel-
opment assistance programs, a full and complete report regarding the 
steps he has taken to carry out the provisions of this section.". 
DEVELOPMENT 
ASSISTANCE 
SEC. 311. Chapter 2 of part I of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 
is amended— 
22 use 2169. 
(1) by amending section 209(c) to read as follows: 
"(c) It is the sense of the Congress that the President should 
increase, to the extent practicable, the funds provided bv the United 
States to multilateral lending institutions and multilateral organiza-
PUBLIC LAW 94-161—DEC. 20, 1975 
89 STAT, 861 
tioiis in which the United States participates for use by such institu-
tions and organizations in making loans to foreign countries."; 
(2) by amending section 214— 
22 USC 2174. 
(A) in subsection (c), by inserting "and for each of the 
fiscal years 1976 and 1977, $25,000,000," immediately after 
"$19,000,000,"; and 
(B) in subsection (d), by inserting "and for each of the 
fiscal years 1976 and 1977, $7,000,000," immediately after 
"$6,500,000"; 
(3) in section 221, by striking out "$355,000,000" and inserting 22 USC 2181. 
in lieu thereof "$430,000,000"; 
(4) in section 222(c), by striking out "$550,000,000" and insert- 22 USC 2182. 
ing in lieu thereof "$600,000,000"; and 
(5) in section 223— 
22 USC 2183. 
(A) by striking out "June 30, 1976" in subsection (i) and 
inserting in lieu thereof "September 30, 1978"; and 
(B) by adding at the end thereof the following new sub- Housing 
section: 
guaranties. 
"(j) Guaranties shall be issued under sections 221 and 222 only for 
housing projects which (1) except for regional projects, are in coun-
tries which are receiving, or which in the previous two fiscal years 
have received, development assistance under chapter 1 of part I of 
this Act, (2) are coordinated with and complementary to such assist- 22 USC 2151. 
ance, and (3) are specifically designed to demonstrate the feasibility 
and suitability of particular kinds of housing or of financial or other 
institutional arrangements. Of the aggregate face value of housing 
guaranties hereafter issued under this title, not less than 90 per 
centum shall be issued for housing suitable for families Avith income 
below the median income (below the median urban income for housing 
in urban areas) in the country in which the housing is located. The 
face value of guaranties issued with respect to housing in any country 
shall not exceed $25,000,000 in any fiscal year, and the average face 
value of guaranties issued in any fiscal year shall not exceed $15,000,000. 
Notwithstanding the provisions of the first sentence of this subsection, 
the President is authorized to issue housing guaranties until Septem-
ber 30, 1977, as follows: In Israel, not exceeding a face amount of Israel and 
$50,000,000. and in Portugal, not exceeding a face amount of Portugal. 
$20,000,000.". 
FAMINE PREVENTION 
SEC. 312. Chapter 2 of part I of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 
is amended by adding at the end thereof the following new title: 
"TITLE XII—FAMINE PREVENTION AND FREEDOM 
FROM HUNGER 
"SEC. 296. GENERAL PROVISIONS.—(a) The Congress declares that, 22 USC 2220a. 
in order to prevent famine and establish freedom from hunger, the 
United States should strengthen the capacities of the United States 
land-grant and other eligible universities in program-related agri-
cultural institutional development and research, consistent with sec-
tions 103 and 103A, should improve their participation in the United 22 U
S
C 2151a. 
States Government's international efforts to apply more effective agri- Ante, p. 857. 
cultural sciences to the goal of increasing world food production, and 
in general should proAnde increased and longer term support to the 
application of science to solving food and nutrition problems of the 
developing countries. 
89 STAT. 862 
PUBLIC LAW 94-161—DEC. 20, 1975 
Land-grant 
"The Congress so declares because it finds— 
universities. 
" (1) that the establishment, endowment, and continuing support 
of land-grant universities in the United States by Federal, State, 
and county governments has led to agricultural progress in this 
country; 
"(2) that land-grant and other universities in the United 
States have demonstrated over many years their ability to coop-
erate with foreign agricultural institutions in expanding indig-
enous food production for both domestic and international 
markets; 
"(3) that, in a world of growing population with rising expec-
tations, increased food production and improved distribution, 
storage, and marketing in the developing countries is necessary 
not only to prevent hunger but to build the economic base for 
growth, and moreover, that the greatest potential for increasing 
world food supplies is in the developing countries where the 
gap between food need and food supply is the greatest and cur-
rent yields are lowest; 
"(4) that increasing and making more secure the supply of 
food is of greatest benefit to the poorest majority in the develop-
ing world; 
" (5) that research, teaching, and extension activities, and appro-
priate institutional development therefor are prime factors in 
increasing agricultural production abroad (as well as in the 
United States) and in improving food distribution, storage, and 
marketing ; 
"(6) moreover, that agricultural research abroad has in the 
past and will continue in the future to provide benefits for agri-
culture in the United States and that increasing the availability 
of food of higher nutritional quality is of benefit to all; and 
"(7) that universities need a dependable source of Federal 
funding, as well as other financing, in order to expand, or in some 
cases to continue, their efforts to assist in increasing agricultural 
production in developing countries. 
"(b) Accordingly, the Congress declares that, in order to prevent 
famine and establish freedom from hunger, various components must 
be brought together in order to increase world food production, 
including— 
"(1) strengthening the capabilities of universities to assist in 
increasing agricultural production in developing countries; 
"(2) 
institution-building 
programs 
for 
development 
of 
national and regional agricultural research and extension capaci-
ties in developing countries which need assistance ; 
"(3) international agricultural research centers; 
" (4) contract research; and 
"(5) research program grants. 
"(c) The United States should— 
" (1) effectively involve the United States land-grant and other 
elififible universities more extensively in each component; 
"(2) provide mechanisms for the universities to participate 
and advise in the planning, development, implementation, and 
administration of each component; and 
"(3) assist such universities in cooperative joint efforts with— 
"(A) agricultural institutions in developing nations, and 
"(B) regional and international agricultural research 
centers. 
PUBLIC LAW 94-161—DEC. 20, 1975 
89 STAT. 863 
'Universities 
7 use 301. 
7 use 321. 
33 use 1121 
note. 
22 use 2220b. 
directed to strengthening their joint and respective capabilities 
and to engage them more effectively in research, teaching, and 
extension activities for solving problems in food production, dis-
tribution, storage, marketing, and consumption in agriculturally 
underdeveloped nations. 
"(d) As used in this title, the term 'universities' means those col-
leges or universities in each State, territory, or possession of the United 
States, or the District of Columbia, now receiving, or which may 
hereafter receive, benefits under the Act of July 2, 1862 (known as 
the First Morrill Act), or the Act of August 30, 1890 (known as 
the Second Morrill Act), which are commonly known as 'land-grant' 
universities; institutions now designated or which may hereafter be 
designated as sea-grant colleges under the Act of October 15, 1966 
(known as the National Sea Grant College and Program Act), which 
are commonly known as sea-grant colleges; and other United States 
colleges and universities which— 
"(1) have demonstrable capacity in teaching, research, and 
extension activities in the agricultural sciences; and 
"(2) can contribute effectively to the attainment of the 
objectives of this title. 
"(e) As used in this title, the term 'Administrator' means the Definitions 
Administrator of the Agency for International Development. 
"(f) As used in this title, the term 'agriculture' shall be considered 
to include aquaculture and fisheries. 
"(g) As used in this title, the term 'farmers' shall be considered to 
include fishermen and other persons employed in cultivating and har-
vesting food resources from salt and fresh waters. 
"SEC. 297. GENERAL AUTHORITY.— (a) To carry out the purposes of 
this title, the President is authorized to provide assistance on such 
terms and conditions as he shall determine— 
"(1) to strengthen the capabilities of universities in teachijig, 
research, and extension w^ork to enable them to implement current 
programs authorized by paragraphs (2), (3), (4), and (5) of this 
subsection, and those proposed in the report required by section 
300 of this title; 
"(2) to build and strengthen the institutional capacity and 
human resource skills of agriculturally developing countries so 
that these countries may participate more fully in the interna-
tional agricultural problem-solving effort and to introduce and 
adapt new solutions to local circumstances; 
"(3) to provide program support for long-term collaborative 
university research on food production, distribution, storage, mar-
keting, and consumption; 
"(4) to involve universities more fully in the international net-
work of agricultural science, including the international research 
centers, the activities of international organizations such as the 
United Nations Development Program and the Food and Agri-
culture Organization, and the institutions of agriculturally 
developing nations; and 
" (5) to provide program support for international agricultural 
research centers, to provide support for research projects identi-
fied for specific problem-solving needs, and to develop and 
strengthen national research systems in the developing countries. 
"(b) Programs under this title shall be carried out so as to— 
"(1) utilize and strengthen the capabilities of universities in— 
" ( A ) developing capacity in the cooperating nation for 
classroom teaching in agriculture, plant and animal sciences, 
89 STAT. 864 
PUBLIC LAW 94-161—DEC. 20, 1975 
Establishment. 
22 u s e 2220c. 
Membership. 
Term. 
Expenses. 
human nutrition, and vocational and domestic arts and other 
relevant fields appropriate to local needs; 
"(B) agricultural research to be conducted in the cooperat-
ing nations, at international agricultural research centers, or 
in the United States; 
"(C) the planning, initiation, and development of exten-
sion services through which information concerning agricul-
ture and related subjects will be made available directly to 
farmers and farm families in the agriculturally developing 
nations by means of education and demonstration; or 
"(D) the exchange of educators, scientists, and students 
for the purpose of assisting in successful development in the 
cooperating nations; 
" (2) take into account the value to United States agriculture of 
such programs, integrating to the extent practicable the programs 
and financing authorized under this title with those supported by 
other Federal or State resources so as to maximize the contribu-
tion to the development of agriculture in the United States and 
in agriculturally develop)ing nations; and 
"(3) whenever practicable, build on existing programs and 
institutions including those of the universities and the United 
States Department of Agriculture and the United States Depart-
ment of Commerce. 
"(c) To the maximum extent practicable, activities under this sec-
tion shall (1) be designed to achieve the most effective interrelation-
ship among the teaching of agricultural sciences, research, and 
extension work, (2) focus primarily on the needs of agricultural pro-
ducers, (3) be adapted to local circumstances, and (4) be carried out 
within the developing countries. 
"(d) The President shall exercise his authority under this section 
through the Administrator. 
"SEC. 298. 
BOARD FOR IXTERXATIONAL FOOD AND AGRICULTURAL 
DEVELOPIMF.NT.—(a) To assist in the administration of the programs 
authorized by this title, the President shall establish a permanent 
Board for International Food and Agricultural Development (here-
after in this title referred to as the 'Board') consisting of seven mem-
bers, not less than four to be selected from the universities. Terms of 
members shall be set by the President at the time of appointment. 
Members of the Board shall be entitled to such reimbursement for 
expenses incurred in the performance of their duties (including per 
diem in lieu of subsistence while away from their homes or regular 
place of business) as the President deems appropriate. 
"(b) The Board's general areas of responsibility shall include, but 
not be limited to— 
"(1) participating in the planning, development, and imple-
mentation of, 
" (2) initiating recommendations for, and 
"(3) monitoring of, 
the activities described in section 297 of this title. 
" (c) The Board's duties shall include, but not necessarilv be limited 
to— 
"(1) participating in the formulation of basic policy, proce-
dures, and criteria for project proposal review, selection, and 
monitoring; 
" (2) developing and keeping current a roster of universities— 
"(A) interested in exploring their potential for collabora-
tive relationships with agricultural institutions, and with 
PUBLIC LAW 94-161—DEC. 20, 1975 
89 STAT. 865 
scientists working on signiificant programs designed to 
increase food production in developing countries, 
"(B) having capacity in the agricultural sciences, 
"(C) able to maintain an appropriate balance of teaching, 
research, and extension functions, 
"(D) having capacity, experience, and commitment with 
respect to international agricultural efforts, and 
"(E) able to contribute to solving the problems addressed 
by this title; 
"(3) recommending which developing nations could benefit 
from programs carried out under this title, and identifying those 
nations which have an interest in establishing or developing agri-
cultural institutions which engage in teaching, research, or exten-
sion activities; 
" (4) reviewing and evaluating memorandums of understanding 
or other documents that detail the terms and conditions between 
the Administrator and universities participating in programs 
under this title; 
"(5) reviewing and evaluating agreements and activities 
authorized by this title and undertaken by universities to assure 
compliance with the purposes of this title; 
"(6) recommending to the Administrator the apportionment 
of funds under section 297 of this title; and 
"(7) assessing the impact of programs carried out under this 
title in solving agricultural problems in the developing nations. 
"(d) The President may authorize the Board to create such subordi-
nate units as may be necessary for the performance of its duties, 
including but not limited to the following: 
"(1) a Joint Eesearch Committee to participate in the adminis-
tration and development of the collaborative activities described 
in section 297(a)(3) of this title; and 
"(2) a Joint Committee on Country Programs which shall assist 
in the implementation of the bilateral activities described in sec-
tions 297(a)(2),297(a) (4), and 297(a)(5). 
"(e) In addition to any other functions assigned to and agreed to by 
the Board, the Board shall be consulted in the preparation of the 
annual report required by section 300 of this title and on other agricul-
tural development activities related to programs under this title. 
"SEC. 299. AUTHORIZATION".—(a) The President is authorized to use 
any of the funds hereafter made available under section 103 of this 
Act to carry out the purposes of this title. Funds made available for 
such purposes may be used without regard to the provisions of sec-
tions 110(b), 211 (a), and 211 (d) of this Act. 
"(b) Foreign currencies owned by the United States and deter-
mined by the Secretary of the Treasury to be excess to the needs of 
the United States shall be used to the maximum extent possible in 
lieu of dollars in carrying out the provisions of this title. 
"(c) Assistance authorized under this title shall be in addition to 
any allotments or grants that may be made under other authoriza-
tions. 
"(d) Universities may accept and expend funds from other sources, 
public and private, in order to carry out the purposes of this title. All 
such funds, both prospective and inhand, shall be periodically dis-
closed to the Administrator as he shall by regulation require, but no 
less often than in an annual report. 
22 use 2220d. 
22 use 2151a. 
22 use 2151h, 
2171. 
Foreign 
currencies, use. 
89 STAT. 866 
PUBLIC LAW 94-161—DEC. 20, 1975 
Presidential 
"SEC. 300. ANNUAL, KEPORT.—The President shall transmit to the 
report to 
Congress, not later than April 1 of each year, a report detailing the 
Congress. 
activities carried out pursuant to this title during the preceding fiscal 
22 use 2220e. 
yg^j. g^^^ containing a projection of programs and activities to be 
conducted during the subsequent five fiscal years. Each report shall 
contain a summary of the activities of the Board established pursuant 
to section 298 of this title and may include the separate views of the 
Board with respect to any aspect of the programs conducted or pro-
posed to be conducted under this title.". 
INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS AND PROGRAMS 
22 use 2222. 
SEC. 313. (a) Section 302 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 is 
amended— 
(1) in subsection (a), by (A) inserting immediately before 
the period ", and for the fiscal year 1976, $194,500,000 and for 
the fiscal year 1977, $219,900,000. Of such amounts, not to exceed 
$250,000 during the fiscal year 1976 shall be availabk> for con-
tribution to the Namibia Institute", (B) inserting "(1)" immedi-
ately after "(a)" and (C) adding at the end of the subsection 
the following new paragraph: 
"(2) The Congress reaffirms its support for the work of the 
Inter-American Commission on Human Rights. To permit such 
Commission to better fulfill its function of insuring observance 
and respect for human rights within this hemisphere, not less than 
$357,000 of the amount appropriated for fiscal year 1976 and 
$358,000 of the amount appropriated for fiscal year 1977, for con-
tributions to the Organization of American States, shall be used 
only for budgetary support for the Inter-American Commission 
on Human Eights."; 
(2) in subsection (b)(1), by striking out "$51,220,000" and 
inserting in lieu thereof "$61,220,000": 
(3) in subsection (b) (2), by inserting "and for use beginning 
in the fiscal year 1976, $27,000,000," immediately after "fiscal year 
1975, $14,500,000,"; and 
(4) in subsection 
(d) by striking out "1974 and 1975, 
$18,000,000" and inserting in lieu thereof "1976 and 1977, 
$20,000,000". 
22 use 2225. 
(b) Section 54 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1974 is amended 
by striking out "part III" and inserting in lieu thereof "part I". 
22 use 2221. 
(c) Section 301 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 is amended 
by adding at the end thereof the following new subsection: 
"(f) The President is hereby authorized to permit United States 
participation in the International Fertilizer Development Center and 
is authorized to use any of the funds made available under this part 
for the purpose of furnishing assistance to the Center on such terms 
and conditions as he may determine.". 
ASSISTANCE TO FORMER PORTUGUESE COLONIES IN AFRICA 
22 use 2293. 
SEC. 314. Section 496 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 is 
amended— 
(1) by inserting "(a)" immediately after the section caption: 
(2) by stiliking out "$5,000,000" and inserting in lieu thereof 
"$7,750,000" > 
(3) by striking out "$20,000,000" and inserting in lieu thereof 
"$17,250,000"; and 
PUBLIC LAW 94-161—DEC. 20, 1975 
89 STAT. 867 
(4) by adding at the end thereof the following new subsections: 
"(b) Notwithstanding the provisions of section 620 (r) of this Act, 
the United States is authorized to forgive the liability incurred by the 
Government of the Cape Verde Islands for the repayment of a 
$3,000,000 loan on June 30,1975. 
"(c) The President is authorized to use up to $30,000,000 of the 
funds made available under this part for the fiscal year 1976, in 
addition to funds otherwise available for such purposes, to provide 
development assistance in accordance with chapter 1 or relief and 
rehabilitation assistance in accordance with chapter 9 (including 
assistance through international or private voluntary organizations) 
to countries and colonies in Africa which were, prior to April 25,1974, 
colonies of Portugal.". 
Cape Verde 
Islands loan, 
forgiveness of 
liability. 
22 use 2370. 
22 use 2151 et 
seq. 
22 use 2292 et 
seq. 
rURNISHING o r SERVICES AND COMMODITIES 
SEC. 315. Section 607(a) of the Foreign Assistance Act is amended 22 USe 2357. 
by deleting the second full sentence, and inserting in lieu thereof the 
following: "Such advances or reimbursements may be credited to the 
currently applicable appropriation, account, or fund of the agency 
concerned and shall be available for the purposes for which such 
appropriation, account, or fund is authorized to be used, under the 
following circumstances: 
"(1) Advances or reimbursements which are received under this 
section within one hundred and eighty days after the close of the 
fiscal year in which such services and commodities are delivered. 
"(2) Advances or reimbursements received pursuant to agree-
ments executed under this section in which reimbursement will 
not be completed within one hundred and eighty days after the 
close of the fiscal year in which such services and commodities are 
delivered: Provided, That such agreements require the payment 
of interest at the current rate established pursuant to section 2 
(b)(1)(B) of the Export-Import Bank Act of 1945 (59 Stat. 
526), and repayment of such principal and interest does not 12 U
S
C 635 note, 
exceed a period of three years from the date of signing of the 
agreement to provide the service: Provided further, That funds 
available for this paragraph in any fiscal year shall not exceed 
$1,000,000 of the total funds authorized for use in such fiscal year 
by chapter 1 of part I of this Act, and shall be available only to 
the extent provided in appropriation Acts. Interest shall accrue 
as of the date of disbursement to the agency or organization 
providing such services.". 
SUPPORT o r 
REIMBURSABLE DEVELOPMENT 
PROGRAMS 
SEC. 316. Section 661 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 is 22 U
S
C 2421. 
amended by striking out "in each of the fiscal years 1975 and 1976" 
and inserting in lieu thereof "in the fiscal year 1975, $2,000,000 in the 
fiscal year 1976, and $2,000,000 in the fiscal year 1977,". 
TRANSITION PROVISIONS FOR I N T E R I M 
QUARTER 
SEC. 317. Part III of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 is amended 
by adding at the end thereof the following new section: 
"SEC. 665. TRANSITION PROVISIONS FOR INTERIM QUARTER.—There are 22 USC 2425. 
authorized to be appropriated for the period July 1, 1976, through 
September 30, 1976, such amounts as may be necessary to conduct pro-
grams and activities for which funding was authorized for fiscal year 
89 STAT. 868 
PUBLIC LAW 94-161—DEC. 20, 1975 
22 use 2151 
note. 
1976 by the International Development and Food Assistance Act of 
1975, in accordance with the provisions applicable to such programs 
and activities for such fiscal year, except that the total amount appro-
priated for such period shall not exceed one-fourth of the total amount 
authorized to be appropriated for the fiscal year 1976 for such pro-
grams and activities,". 
22 use 2426. 
Rules and 
regulations. 
22 
use 
2427. 
22 
use 
2151. 
DISCRIMINATION" AGAINST UNITED STATES PERSONNEL 
SEC. 318, Part III of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 is amended 
by adding at the end thereof the following new section: 
"SEC. 666. DISCRIMINATION AGAINST UNITED STATES PERSONNEL,— 
(a) The President shall not take into account, in assigning officers and 
employees of the United States to carry out any economic development 
assistance programs funded under this Act in any foreign country, the 
race, religion, national origin, or sex of any such officer or employee. 
Such assignments shall be made solely on the basis of ability and rel-
evant experience. 
" (b) Effective six months after the date of enactment of the Inter-
national Development and Food Assistance Act of 1975, or on such 
earlier date as the President may determine, none of the funds made 
available under this Act may be used to provide economic develop-
ment assistance to any country which objects to the presence of any 
officer or employee of the United States who is present in such coun-
try for the purpose of carrying out any program of economic develop-
ment assistance authorized by the provisions of this Act on the basis 
of the race, religion, national origin, or sex of such officer or employee. 
"(c) The Secretary of State shall promulgate such rules and regula-
tions as he may deem necessary to carry out the provisions of this 
section,". 
OPERATING 
E X P E N S E S 
SEC. 319. Part I I I of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 is amended 
by adding at the end thereof the following new section: 
"SEC. 667. OPERATING EXPENSES.—Nothing in this Act is intended 
to preclude the Committees on Appropriations, in appropriation leg-
islation, from setting a ceiling on operating expenses of the agency 
primarily responsible for administering part I and limiting the avail-
ability of other sums therefor.". 
7 use 1701. 
22 use 2220a 
note. 
LIMITATION ON ASSISTANCE TO CHILE 
SEC. 320. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the total 
amount of economic assistance (including but not limited to housing 
guaranties and sales under title I of the Agricultural Trade Develop-
ment and Assistance Act of 1954) that may be made available to Chile 
may not exceed $90,000,000 during the fiscal year 1976. 
SETTLEMENT OF DEBT OWED THE UNITED STATES 
SEC. 321. No debt owed to the United States by any foreign country 
with respect to the payment of any loan made under any program 
funded under this Act may be settled in an amount less than the full 
amount of such debt unless the Congress by concurrent resolution 
approves of such settlement. 
PUBLIC LAW 94-161—DEC. 20, 1975 
89 STAT. 869 
PARTICrPATION BY OTHER COUNTRIES IN PROVIDING ASSISTANCE TO 
ISRAEL OR EGYPT 
SEC. 322. It is the sense of the Senate that the President should 
attempt to negotiate an equitable share of participation by the coun-
tries of Western Europe, Japan, and the United Nations in providing 
assistance to Israel or Egypt. 
Approved December 20, 1975. 
LEGISLATIVE HISTORY: 
HOUSE REPORTS: No. 94-442 (Comm. on International Relations) and No. 94-691 
(Comm. of Conference). 
SENATE REPORTS: No. 94-406 (Comm. on Foreign Relations) and No. 94-434 
(Comm. on Agriculture and Forestry). 
CONGRESSIONAL RECORD, Vol. 121 (1975): 
Sept. 10, considered and passed House. 
Nov. 3-5, considered and passed Senate, amended. 
Dec. 4, Senate agreed to conference report. 
Dec. 9, House agreed to conference report.