An Act to amend the Federal Aviation Act of 1958 to implement the Convention for the Suppression of Unlawful Seizure of Aircraft; to provide a more effective program to prevent aircraft piracy; and for other purposes.
PL 93-366 (S.39), enacted 08/05/1974

88 STAT. ] 
PUBLIC LAW 93-366-AUG. 5, 1974 
409 
of nuclear powered major combatant vessels and to provide for an ade-
quate industrial base for the research, development, design, construc-
tion, operation, and maintenance for such vessels. New construction 
major combatant vessels for the strike forces of the United States 
Navy authorized subsequent to the date of the enactment of this Act 
becomes law shall be nuclear powered, except as provided in this title. 
SEC. 802. For the purposes of this title, the term "major combatant 
vessels for the strike forces of the United States Navy" means— 
(1) combatant submarines for strategic or tactical missions, or 
both; 
(2) combatant vessels intended to operate in combat in aircraft 
carrier task groups (that is, aircraft carriers and the cruisers, 
frigates, and destroyers which accompany aircraft carriers); 
and 
(3) those types of combatant vessels referred to in clauses (1) 
and (2) above designed for independent combat missions where 
essentially unlimited high speed endurance will be of significant 
military value. 
SEC. 803. The Secretary of Defense shall submit to Congress each 
calendar year, at the same time the President submits the budget to 
Congress under section 201 of the Budget and Accounting Act, 1921 
(31 U.S.C. 11), a written report regarding the application of nuclear 
propulsion to major combatant vessels for the strike forces of the 
United States Navy. The report shall identify contract placement 
dates for their construction and shall identify the Department of 
Defense Five Year Defense Program for construction of nuclear 
powered major combatant vessels for the strike forces of the United 
States Navy. 
SEC. 804. All requests for authorizations or appropriations from 
Congress for major combatant vessels for the strike forces of the 
United States Navy shall be for construction of nuclear powered 
major combatant vessels for such forces unless and until the President 
has fully advised the Congress that construction of nuclear powered 
vessels for such purpose is not in the national interest. Such report of 
the President to the Congress shall include for consideration by Con-
gress an alternate program of nuclear powered ships with appropriate 
design, cost, and schedule information. 
This Act may be cited as the "Department of Defense Appropriation 
Authorization Act, 1975". 
Approved August 5, 1974. 
"Major com-
batant vessels 
for the strike 
forces of the 
United States 
Navy." 
10 u s e 7291 
note. 
Report to Con-
gress. 
10 u s e 7291 
note. 
Department of 
Defense Five 
Year Program. 
10 u s e 7291 
note. 
Short title. 
Public Law 93-366 
AN ACT 
To amend the Federal Aviation Act of 1958 to implement the Convention for the 
Suppression of Unlawful Seizure of Aircraft; to provide a more effective 
program to prevent aircraft piracy; and for other purposes. 
August 5, 1974 
[S. 39] 
Be it enacted hy the Senate and House of Representatives 
of the 
United States of America in Congress a^sembled^ 
TITLE I—ANTIHIJACKING ACT OF 1974 
SEC. 101. This title may be cited as the "Antihijacking Act of 1974". 
SEC. 102. Section 101(32) of the Federal Aviation Act of 1958 (49 
U.S.C. 1301(32)), relating to the definition of the term "special air-
craft jurisdiction of the United States", is amended to read as follows: 
"(32) The term 'special aircraft jurisdiction of the United States' 
includes— 
" (a) civil aircraft of the United States; 
Federal Avia-
tion Act of 1958, 
amendments. 
Ant ihijac king 
Act of 1974. 
49 u s e 1301 
note. 
"Special air-
craft jurisdiction 
of the United 
S t a t e s . " 
410 
PUBLIC LAW 93-366-AUG. 5, 1974 
[88 STAT. 
"(b) aircraft of the national defense forces of the United 
States; 
"(c) any other aircraft within the United States; 
"(d) any other aircraft outside the United States— 
" (i) that has its next scheduled destination or last point of 
departure in the United States, if that aircraft next actually 
lands in the United States; or 
"(ii) having 'an offense', as defined in the Convention for 
22 usT 1641. 
^jjg Suppression of Unlawful Seizure of Aircraft, committed 
aboard, if that aircraft lands in the United States with the 
alleged offender still aboard; and 
"(e) other aircraft leased without crew to a lessee who has his 
principal place of business in the United States, or if none, who 
has his permanent residence! in the United States; 
while that aircraft is in flight, which is from the moment when all 
external doors are closed following embarkation until the moment 
when one such door is opened for disembarkation or in the case of a 
forced landing, until the competent authorities take over the responsi-
bility for the aircraft and for the persons and property aboard.". 
Aircraft piracy. 
gj,^.^ ^QS. (a) Paragraph (2) of subsection (i) of section 902 of such 
Act (49 U.S.C. 1472), relating to the definition of the term "aircraft 
piracy", is amended by striking out "threat of force or violence and" 
inserting in lieu thereof "threat of force or violence, or by any other 
form of intimidation, and". 
(b) Section 902 of such Act is further amended by redesignating 
subsections (n) and (o) as subsections (o) and (p), respectively, and 
by inserting immediately after subsection (m) the following new 
subsection: 
"AIRCRAFT PIRACY OUTSIDE SPECIAL AIRCRAFT JURISDICTION OF THE 
UNITED STATES 
P^"^^*y• 
" (n) (1) Whoever aboard an aircraft in flight outside the special air-
craft jurisdiction of the United States commits 'an offense', as defined 
in the Convention for the Suppression of Unlawful Seizure of Air-
craft, and is afterward found in the United States shall be punished— 
"TA) by imprisonment for not less than 20 years; or 
"(B) if the death of another person results from the commission 
or attempted commission of the offense, by death or by imprison-
_ 
ment for life. 
" (2) A person commits 'an offense', as defined in the Convention for 
the Suppression of Unlawful Seizure of Aircraft when, while aboard 
an aircraft in flight, he— 
"(A) unlawfully, by force or threat thereof, or by any other 
form of intimidation, seizes, or exercises control of, that aircraft, 
or attempts to perform any such act; or 
"(B) is an accomplice of a person who performs or attempts to 
perform any such act. 
"(3) This subsection shall only be applicable if the place of takeoff 
or the place of actual landing of the aircraft on board which the 
offense, as defined in paragraph (2) of this subsection, is committed 
is situated outside the territory of the State of registration of that 
aircraft. 
88 STAT. ] 
PUBLIC LAW 93-366-AUG. 5, 1974 
411 
"(4) For purposes of this subsection an aircraft is considered to be 
in flight from the moment when all the external doors are closed follow-
ing embarkation until the moment when one such door is opened for 
disembarkation, or in the case of a forced landing, until the competent 
authorities take over responsibility for the aircraft and for the persons 
and property aboard.". 
(c) Subsection (o) of such section 902, as so redesignated by subsec- 
^"^^' P- '*^°-
tion (b) of this section, is amended by striking out "subsections (i) 
through (m)" and inserting in lieu thereof "subsections (i) through 
(n)". 
SEC. 104. (a) Section 902(i) (1) is the Federal Aviation Act of 1958 
^^"^ity. 
(49 U.S.C. 1472(i) (1)) is amended to read as follows: 
"(1) Whoever commits or attempts to commit aircraft piracy, as 
herein defined, shall be punished— 
"(A) by imprisonment for not less than 20 years; or 
"(B) if the death of another person results from the commis-
sion or attempted commission of the offense, by death or by 
imprisonment for life.". 
(b) Section 902(i) of such Act is further amended by adding at 
^"P'-^-
the end thereof the following new paragraph: 
"(3) An attempt to commit aircraft piracy shall be within the spe-
cial aircraft jurisdiction of the United States even though the aircraft 
is not in flight at the time of such attempt if the aircraft would have 
been within the special aircraft jurisdiction of the United States had 
the offense of aircraft piracy been completed.". 
SEC. 105. Section 903 of the Federal Aviation Act of 1958 (49 U.S.C. 
1473), relating to venue and prosecution of offenses, is amended by 
adding at the end thereof the following new subsection: 
"PROCEDURE IN RESPECT OF PENALTY FOR AIRCRAFT PIRACY 
"(c) (1) A person shall be subjected to the penalty of death for any 
offense prohibited by section 902(i) or 902 (n) of this Act only if a 
^J^t''/' ^^Q 
hearing is held in accordance with this subsection. 
"(2) When a defendant is found guilty of or pleads guilty to an ^^^^^"^^"'^'"^ 
offense under section 902(i) or 902(n) of this Act for which one of 
the sentences provided is death, the judge who presided at the trial or 
before whom the guilty plea was entered shall conduct a separate sen-
tencing hearing to determine the existence or nonexistence of the 
factors set forth in paragraphs (6) and (7), for the purpose of deter-
mining the sentence to be imposed. The hearing shall not be held if 
the Government stipulates that none of the aggravating factors set 
forth in paragraph (7) exists or that one or more of the mitigating 
factors set forth in paragraph (6) exists. The hearings shall be 
conducted— 
"(A) before the jury which determined the defendant's guilt; 
"(B) before a jury impaneled for the purpose of the hearing 
if— 
"(i) the defendant was convicted upon a plea of guilty; 
"(ii) the defendant was convicted after a trial before the 
court sitting without a jury; or 
"(iii) the jury which determined the defendant's guilt has 
been discharged by the court for good cause; or 
"(C) before the court alone, upon the motion of the defendant 
and with the approval of the court and of the Government. 
hearing. 
412 
PUBLIC LAW 93-366-AUG. 5, 1974 
[88 STAT. 
Disclosure. 
Rebuttals. 
Special verdict. 
Death sentence. 
Exceptions. 
Death sen-
tence, imposition. 
"(3) In the sentencing hearing the court shall disclose to the 
defendant or his counsel all material contained in any presentence 
report, if one has been prepared, except such material as the court 
determines is required to be withheld for the protection of human life 
or for the protection of the national security. Any presentence infor-
mation withheld from the defendant shall not be considered in deter-
mining the existence or the nonexistence of the factors set forth in 
paragraph (6) or (7). Any information relevant to any of the mitigat-
ing factors set forth in paragraph (6) may be presented by either the 
Government or the defendant, regardless of its admissibility under the 
rules governing admission of evidence at criminal trials; but the admis-
sibility of information relevant to any of the aggravating factors set 
forth in paragraph (7) shall be governed by the rules governing the 
admission of evidence at criminal trials. The Government and th^' 
defendant shall be permitted to rebut any information received at the 
hearing, and shall be given fair opportunity to present argument as 
to the adequacy of the information to establish the existence of any of 
the factors set forth in paragraph (6) or (7). The burden of establish-
ing the existence of any of the factors set forth in paragraph (7) is on 
the Government. The burden of establishing the existence of any of 
the factors set forth in paragraph (6) is on the defendant. 
" (4) The jury or, if there is no jury, the court shall return a special 
verdict setting forth its findings as to the existence or nonexistence of 
each of the factors set forth in paragraph (6) and as to the existence or 
nonexistence of each of the factors set forth in paragraph (7). 
"(5) If the jury or, if there is no jury, the court finds by a prepon-
derance of the information that one or more of the factors set forth in 
paragraph (7) exists and that none of the factors set forth in para-
graph (6) exists, the court shall sentence the defendant to death. If the 
]ury or, if there is no jury, the court finds that none of the aggravating 
factors set forth in paragraph (7) exists, or finds that one or more of 
the mitigating factors set forth in paragraph (6) exists, the court shall 
not sentence the defendant to death but shall impose any other sen-
tence provided for the offense for which the defendant was convicted. 
" (6) The court shall not impose the sentence of death on the defend-
ant if the jury or, if there is no jury, the court finds by a special verdict 
as provided in paragraph (4) that at the time of the offense— 
" (A) he was under the age of eighteen; 
"(B) his capacity to appreciate the wrongfulness of his con-
duct or to conform his conduct to the requirements of law was 
significantly impaired, but not so impaired as to constitute a 
defense to prosecution; 
"(C) he was under unusual and substantial duress, although 
not such duress as to constitute a defense to prosecution; 
"(D) he was a principal (as defined in section 2(a) of title 18 
of the United States Code) in the offense, which was committed 
by another, but his participation was relatively minor, although 
not so minor as to constitute a defense to prosecution; or 
"(E) he could not reasonably have foreseen that his conduct in 
the course of the commission of the offense for which he was con-
victed would cause, or would create a grave risk of causing death 
to another person, 
"(7) If no factor set forth in paragraph (6) is present, the court 
88 STAT. ] 
PUBLIC LAW 93-366-AUG. 5, 1974 
413 
shall impose the sentence of death on the defendant if the jury or, if 
there is no jury, the court finds by a special verdict as provided in para-
graph ^4) that— 
(A) the death of another person resulted from the commission 
of the offense but after the defendant had seized or exercised con-
trol of the aircraft; or 
"(B) the death of another person resulted from the commission 
or attempted commission of the offense, and— 
"(i) the defendant has been convicted of another Federal 
or State offense (committed either before or at the time of the 
commission or attempted commission of the offense) 
for 
which a sentence of life imprisonment or death was 
imposable; 
"(ii) the defendant has previously been convicted of two 
or more State or Federal offenses with a penalty of more than 
one year imprisonment (committed on different occasions 
before the time of the commission or attempted commission of 
the offense), involving the infliction of serious bodily injury 
upon another person; 
"(iii) in the commission or attempted commission of the 
offense, the defendant knowingly created a grave risk of death 
to another person in addition to the victim of the offense or 
attempted offense; or 
" (iv) the defendant committed or attempted to commit the 
offense in an especially heinous, cruel, or depraved manner.". 
SEC. 106. Title X I of such Act (49 U.S.C. 1501-1513) is amended by 
adding at the end thereof the following new sections: 
"SUSPENSION or AIR SERVICES 
"SEC. 1114. (a) Whenever the President determines that a foreign 
foreign nations 
nation is acting in a manner inconsistent with the Convention for the groupt.^"°"^ 
Suppression of Unlawful Seizure of Aircraft, or if he determines that 
49 use 1514. 
a foreign nation permits the use of territory under its jurisdiction as a 
^^ ^^^ 
'* ' 
base of operations or training or as a sanctuary for, or in any way 
arms, aids, or abets, any terrorist or.q:anization which knowingly uses 
the illegal seizure of aircraft or the threat thereof as an instrument of 
policy, he may, without notice or hearing and for as long as he deter-
mines necessary to assure the security of aircraft against unlawful 
seizure, suspend (1) the right of any air carrier or foreign air carrier 
to engage in foreign air transportation, and the right of any person to 
operate aircraft in foreign air commerce, to and from that foreign 
nation, and (2) the right of any foreign air carrier to engage in for-
eign air transportation, and the right of any foreign person to operate 
aircraft in foreign air commerce, between the United States and any 
foreign nation which maintains air service between itself and that for-
eign nation. Notwithstanding section 1102 of this Act, the President's 
"
^
^ ^^^ ^^°^" 
authority to suspend rights under this section shall be deemed to be a 
condition to any certificate of public convenience and necessity or for-
eign air carrier or foreign aircraft permit issued by the Civil Aero-
nautics Board and any air carrier operating certificate or foreign 
air carrier operating specification issued by the Secretary of 
Transportation. 
"(b) It shall be unlawful for any air carrier or foreign air carrier to 
engage in foreign air transportation, or for any person to operate 
414 
' PUBLIC LAW 93-366-AUG. 5, 1974 
[88 STAT. 
aircraft in foreign air commerce, in violation of the suspension of 
rights by the President under this section. 
49 use 1515. 
49 use 1372. 
"SECUKITT STANDARDS IN FOREIGN AIR TRANSPORTATION 
"SEC. 1115. (a) Not later than 30 days after the date of enactment of 
this section, the Secretary of State shall notify each nation with which 
the United States has a bilateral air transport agreement or, in the 
absence of such agreement, each nation whose airline or airlines hold 
a foreign air carrier permit or permits issued pursuant to section 402 
of this Act, of the provisions of subsection (b) of this section. 
"(b) In any case where the Secretary of Transportation, after con-
sultation with the competent aeronautical authorities of a foreign 
nation with which the United States has a bilateral air transport 
agreement and in accordance with the provisions of that agreement or, 
in the absence of such agreement, of a nation whose airline or airlines 
hold a foreign air carrier permit or permits issued pursuant to section 
402 of this Act, finds that such nation does not effectively maintain 
and administer security measures relating to transportation of persons 
or property or mail in foreign air transportation that are equal to or 
above the minimum standards which are established pursuant to the 
61 Stat. 1180. 
Convention on International Civil Aviation, he shall notify that nation 
of such finding and the steps considered necessary to bring the security 
measures of that nation to standards at least equal to the minimum 
standards of such convention. In the event of failure of that nation to 
take such steps, the Secretary of Transportation, with the approval 
of the Secretary of State, may withhold, revoke, or impose conditions 
on the operating authority of the airline or airlines of that nation.". 
SEC. 107. The first sentence of section 901(a)(1) of such Act (49 
U.S.C. 1471 (a) (1)), relating to civil penalties, is amended by inserting 
Ante, p. 413. 
"^ or of sectiou 1114," immediately before "of this Act". 
SEC. 108. Subsection (a) of section 1007 of such Act (49 U.S.C. 1487), 
relating to judicial enforcement, is amended by inserting "or, in the 
case of a violation of section 1114 of this Act, the Attorney General," 
immediately after "duly authorized agents,". 
SEC. 109. (a) That portion of the table of contents contained in the 
first section of the Federal Aviation Act of 1958 which appears under 
the side heading 
"Sec. 902. Criminal penalties." 
is amended by striking out— 
"(n) Investigations by the Federal Bureau of Investigation, 
"(o) Interference with aircraft accident investigation." 
and inserting in lieu thereof— 
"(n) Aircraft piracy outside special aircraft jurisdiction of the 
United States, 
"(o) Investigations by Federal Bureau of Investigation, 
"(p) Interference with aircraft accident investigation.". 
(b) That portion of such table of contents which appears under the 
side heading 
"Sec. 903. Venue and prosecution of offenses." 
is amended by adding at the end thereof the following new item: 
"(c) Procedure in respect of penalty for aircraft piracy.". 
(c) That portion of such table of contents which appears under the 
center heading "TITLE XI—MISCELLANEOUS" is amended by adding 
at the end thereof the following new items: 
"Sec. 1114. Suspension of air services. 
"Sec. 1115. Security standards in foreign air transportation.". 
88 STAT. ] 
PUBLIC LAW 93-366-AUG. 5, 1974 
415 
TITLE II—AIR TRANSPORTATION SECURITY ACT O F 1974 
SEC. 201. This title may be cited as the "Air Transportation Security 
Act of 1974". 
SEC. 202. Title I I I of the Federal Aviation Act of 1958 (49 U.S.C. 
1341-1355), relating to organization of the Federal Aviation Admin-
istration and the powers and duties of the Administrator, is amended 
by adding at the end thereof the following new sections: 
"SCREENING OF PASSENGERS 
Air Transporta-
tion Security Act 
of 1974. 
49 use 1356 
note. 
ii PROCEDURES AND FACILITIES 
"SEC. 315. (a) The Administrator shall prescribe or continue in 
effect reasonable regulations requiring that all passengers and all 
property intended to be carried in the aircraft cabin in air transporta-
tion or intrastate air transportation be screened by weapon-detecting 
procedures or facilities employed or operated by employees or agents 
of the air carrier, intrastate air carrier, or foreign air carrier prior to 
boarding the aircraft for such transportation. One year after the date 
of enactment of this section or after the effective date of such regula-
tions, whichever is later, the Administrator may alter or amend such 
regulations, requiring a continuation of such screening only to the 
extent deemed necessary to assure security against acts of criminal vio-
lence and aircraft piracy in air transportation and intrastate air trans-
portation. The Administrator shall submit semiannual reports to the 
Congress concerning the effectiveness of screening procedures under 
this subsection and shall advise the Congress of any regulations or 
amendments thereto to be prescribed pursuant to this subsection at 
least 30 days in advance of their effective date, unless he determines 
that an emergency exists which requires that such regulations or 
amendments take effect in less than 30 days and notifies the Congress 
of his determination. 
"EXEMPTION AUTHORITY 
"(b) The Administrator may exempt from the provisions of this 
section, in whole or in part, air transportation operations, other than 
those scheduled passenger operations performed by air carriers engag-
ing in interstate, overseas, or foreign air transportation under a 
certijficate of public convenience and necessity issued by the Civil Aero-
nautics Board under section 401 of this Act or under a foreign air 
carrier permit issued by the Board under section 402 of this Act. 
" A I R TRANSPORTATION SECURITY 
Regulations. 
49 u s e 1356. 
Reports to 
eongress. 
Emergency, 
notification of 
eongress. 
49 use 1371. 
49 use 1372. 
II 
RULES AND REGULATIONS 
"SEC. 316. (a) (1) The Administrator of the Federal Aviation 
Administration shall prescribe such reasonable rules and regulations 
requiring such practices, methods, and procedures, or governing the 
design, materials, and construction of aircraft, as he may deem neces-
sary to protect persons and property aboard aircraft operating in air 
transportation or intrastate air transportation against acts of criminal 
violence and aircraft piracy. 
"(2) In prescribing and amending rules and regulations under 
paragraph (1) of this subsection, the Administrator shall— 
" (A) consult with the Secretary of Transportation, the Attor-
ney General, and such other Federal, State, and local agencies as 
he may deem appropriate; 
49 use 1357. 
416 
PUBLIC LAW 93.366-AUG. 5, 1974 
[88 STAT. 
"(B) consider whether any proposed rule or regulation is con-
sistent with protection of passengers in air transportation or 
intrastate air transportation against acts of criminal violence and 
aircraft piracy and the public interest in the promotion of air 
transportation and intrastate air transportation; 
"(C) to the maximum extent practicable, require uniform pro-
cedures for the inspection, detention, and search of persons and 
property in air transportation and intrastate air transportation to 
assure their safety and to assure that they will receive courteous 
and efficient treatment, by air carriers, their agents and employees, 
and by Federal, State, and local law enforcement personnel 
engaged in carrying out any air transportation security program 
established under this section; and 
"(D) consider the extent to which any proposed rule or regula-
tion will contribute to carrying out the purposes of this section. 
u 
PERSONNEL 
"(b) Kegulations prescribed under subsection (a) of this section 
shall require operatoi-s of airports regularly serving air carriers certifi-
cated by the Civil Aeronautics Board to establish air transportation 
security programs providing a law enforcement presence and capa-
bility at such airports adequate to insure the safety of persons travel-
ing in air transportation or intrastate air transportation from acts of 
criminal violence and aircraft piracy. Such regulations shall author-
ize such airport operators to utilize the services of qualified State, 
local, and private law enforcement personnel whose services are made 
available by their employers. In any case in which the Administrator 
determines, after receipt of notification from an airport operator in 
such form as the Administrator may prescribe, that qualified State, 
local,.and private law enforcement personnel are not available in suffi-
cient numbers to carry out the provisions of subsection (a) of this 
section, the Administrator may, by order, authorize such airport opera-
tor to utilize, on a reimbursable basis, the services of— 
"(1) personnel employed by any other Federal department or 
agency, with the consent of the head of such department or agency; 
and 
"(2) personnel employed directly by the Administrator; 
at the airport concerned in such numbers and for such period of time 
as the Administrator may deem necessary to supplement such State, 
local, and private law enforcement personnel. In making the deter-
mination referred to in the preceding sentence the Administrator shall 
take into consideration— 
"(A) the number of passengers enplaned at such airport; 
"(B) the extent of anticipated risk of criminal violence and 
aircraft piracy at such airport or to the air carrier aircraft opera-
tions at such airport; and 
"(C) the availability at such airport of qualified State or local 
law enforcement personnel. 
"TRAINING 
"(c) The Administrator may provide training for personnel 
employed by him to carry out any air transportation security proorram 
established under this section and for other personnel, including State, 
local, and private law enforcement personnel, whose services may be 
utilized in carrying out any such air transportation security program. 
The Administrator shall prescribe uniform standards with respect to 
training provided personnel whose services are utilized to enforce any 
such air transportation security program, including State, local, and 
88 STAT. ] 
PUBLIC LAW 93-366-AUG. 5, 1974 
417 
private law enforcement personnel, and uniform standards with 
respect to minimum qualifications for personnel eligible to receive such 
training. 
"RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT; CONITDENTIAL INFORMATION 
"(d) (1) The Administrator shall conduct such research (including 
behavioral research) and development as he may deem appropriate to 
develop, modify, test, and evaluate systems, procedures, facilities, and 
devices to protect persons and property aboard aircraft in air trans-
portation or intrastate air transportation against acts of criminal 
violence and aircraft piracy. 
"(2) Notwithstanding section 552 of title 5, United States Code, 
Regulations. 
relating to freedom of information, the Administrator shall prescribe 
such regulations as he may deem necessary to prohibit disclosure of 
any information obtained or developed in the conduct of research and 
development activities under this subsection if, in the opinion of the 
Administrator, the disclosure of such information— 
"(A) would constitute an unwarranted invasion of personal 
privacy (including, but not limited to, information contained in 
any personnel, medical, or similar file) ; 
"(B) would reveal trade secrets or privileged or confidential 
commercial or financial information obtained from any person; or 
" (C) would be detrimental to the safety of persons traveling in 
air transportation. 
Nothing in this subsection shall be construed to authorize the with-
holding of information from the duly authorized committees of the 
Congress. 
"OVERALL FEDERAL RESPONSIBILITY 
"(e)(1) Except as otherwise specifically provided by law, no power, 
function, or duty of the Administrator of the Federal Aviation Admin-
istration under this section shall be assigned or transferred to any 
other Federal department or agency. 
" (2) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the Administrator 
of the Federal Aviation Administration shall have exclusive responsi-
bility for the direction of any law enforcement activity affecting the 
safety of persons aboard aircraft in flight involved in the commission 
of an offense under section 902(i) or 902 (n) of this Act. Other Federal ^^l"^^' ^^- ^^°' 
departments and agencies shall, upon request by the Administrator, 
provide such assistance as may be necessary to carry out the purposes 
of this paragraph. 
" (3) For the purposes of this subsection, an aircraft is considered in 
flight from the moment when all external doors are closed following 
embarkation until the moment when one such door is opened for 
disembarkation. 
"DEFINITION 
"(f) For the purposes of this section, the term 'law enforcement 
personnel' means individuals— 
"(1) authorized to carry and use firearms, 
"(2) vested with such police power of arrest as the Adminis-
trator deems necessary to carry out this section, and 
"(3) identifiable by appropriate indicia of authority.". 
SEC. 203. Section 902(1) of the Federal Aviation Act of 1958 is 
^^ use 1472. 
amended to read as follows: 
II 
CARRYING WEAPONS OR EXPLOSIVES ABOARD AIRCRAFT 
"(1) (1) Whoever, while aboard, or while attempting to board, any 
aircraft in, or intended for operation in, air transportation or intra-
418 
PUBLIC LAW 93-366-AUG. 5, 1974 
[88 STAT. 
state air transportation, has on or about his person or his property a 
concealed deadly or dangerous weapon, which is, or would be, accessible 
to such person in flight, or any person who has on or about his person, 
or who has placed, attempted to place, or attempted to have placed 
aboard such aircraft any bomb, or similar explosive or incendiary 
Penalty. 
devlcc, shall bc fined not more than $1,000 or imprisoned not more 
than one year, or both. 
P^"^^*y' 
" (2) Whoever willfully and without regard for the safety of human 
life, or with reckless disregard for the safety of human life, shall com-
mit an act prohibited by paragraph (1) of this subsection, shall be 
fined not more than $5,000 or imprisoned not more than five years, or 
both. 
Exceptions. 
u^g^ rpj^j^g gubsectiou shall not apply to law enforcement officers of 
any municipal or State government, or the Federal Government, who 
are authorized or required within their official capacities to carry arms, 
or to persons who may be authorized, under regulations issued by the 
Administrator, to carry deadly or dangerous weapons in air trans-
portation or intrastate air transportation; not shall it apply to persons 
transporting weapons contained in baggage which is not accessible to 
passengers in flight if the presence of such weapons has been declared 
to tli6 S/ir cRrriGr 
SEC. 204. Section 1111 of the Federal Aviation Act of 1958 (49 
U.S.C. 1511), relating to authority to refuse transportation, is 
amended to read as follows: 
"AUTHORITY TO REFUSE TRANSPORTATION 
"SEC. 1111. (a) The Administrator shall, by regulation, require any 
air carrier, intrastate air carrier, or foreign air carrier to refuse to 
ti'ansport— 
"(1) any person who does not consent to a search of his person, 
as prescribed in section 315(a) of this Act, to determine whether 
he is unlawfully carrying a dangerous weapon, explosive, or other 
destructive substance, or 
"(2) any property of any person who does not consent to a 
search or inspection of such property to determine whether it 
unlawfully contains a dangerous weapon, explosive, or other 
destructive substance. 
Subject to reasonable rules and regulations prescribed by the Adminis-
trator, any such carrier may also refuse transportation of a passenger 
or property when, in the opinion of the carrier, such transportation 
would or might be inimical to safety of flight. 
"(b) Any agreement for the carriage of persons or property in air 
transportation or intrastate air transportation by an air carrier, intra-
state air carrier, or foreign air carrier for compensation or hire shall be 
deemed to include an agreement that such carriage shall be refused 
when consent to search such persons or inspect such property for the 
purposes enumerated in subsection (a) of this section is not given.". 
SEC. 205. Title X I of the Federal Aviation Act of 1958 (49 U.S.C. 
1501-1513) is amended by adding at the end thereof the following new 
section: 
-~ 
"LIABILITY FOR CERTAIN PROPERTY 
'f/usc'i'siV. 
"SEC. 1116. The Civil Aeronautics Board shall issue such regulations 
or orders as may be necessary to require that any air carrier receiving 
for transportation as baggage any property of a person traveling in air 
transportation, which j)roperty cannot lawfully be carried by such per-
son in the aircraft cabin by reason of any Federal law or regulation, 
shall assume liability to such person, at a reasonable charge and sub-
Ante, p. 415. 
Ante, p. 413. 
88 STAT. ] 
PUBLIC LAW 93-367-AUG. 7, 1974 
419 
ject to reasonable terms and conditions, within the amount declared to 
the air carrier by such person, for the full actual loss or damage to 
such property caused by such air carrier.". 
SEC. 206. Section 101 of the Federal Aviation Act of 1958 (49 U.S.C. 
Definitions. 
1301), relating to definitions, is amended by redesignating paragraphs 
^"'^» p. 409. 
(22) through (36) as paragraphs (24) through (38), respectively, and 
by inserting immediately after paragraph (21) the following new 
paragraphs: 
" (22) 'Intrastate air carrier' means any citizen of the United States 
who undertakes, whether directly or indirectly or by a lease or any 
other arrangement, to engage solely in intrastate air transportation. 
"(23) 'Intrastate air transportation' means the carriage of persons 
or property as a common carrier for compensation or hire, by turbojet-
powered aircraft capable of carrying thirty or more persons, wholly 
within the same State of the United States.". 
SEC. 207. (a) That portion of the table of contents contained in the 
first section of the Federal Aviation Act of 1958 which appears under 
the center heading: "TITLE III—ORGANIZATION OF AGENCY AND POW-
ERS AND DUTIES OF ADMINISTRATOR" is amended by adding at the end 
thereof the following new items: 
"'Sec. 315. Screening of passengers in air transportation. 
"(a) Procedures and facilities. 
"(b) Exemption authority. 
"Sec. 316. Air transportation security. 
"(a) Rules and regulations. 
"(b) Personnel. 
"(c) Training. 
"(d) Research and development; confidential information. 
"(e) Overall Federal responsibility. 
"(f) 
Definition. 
(b) That portion of such table of contents which appears under the 
side heading 
"Sec. 902. Criminal penalties." 
is amended by striking out— 
"(1) Carrying weapons aboard aircraft." 
and inserting in lieu thereof— 
" (1) Carrying weapons or explosives aboard aircraft.". 
(c) That portion of such table of contents which appears under the 
center heading "TITLE XI—MISCELLANEOUS" is amended by adding at 
the end thereof the following new item: 
"Sec. 1116. Liability for certain property.". 
Approved August 5, 1974. 
Public Law 93-367 
JOINT RESOLUTION 
August 7.1974 
To extend the expiration date of the Defense Production Act of 1950. 
[s. j . Res.228l 
Resolved hy the Senate and House of Representatives 
of the United 
States of America in Congress assembled^ That the first sentence of 
section 717 (a) of the Defense Production Act of 1950 is amended by 
striking out "July 30" and inserting in lieu thereof "September 30". 
Approved August 7, 1974. 
Ante, p. 280.