Chips and Science Act
PL 117-167 (PDF 1MB) (H.R.4346), enacted 08/09/2022

[117th Congress Public Law 167]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]



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Public Law 117-167
117th Congress

                                 An Act


 
Making appropriations for Legislative Branch for the fiscal year ending 
      September 30, 2022, and for other purposes. <<NOTE: Aug. 9, 
                         2022 -  [H.R. 4346]>> 

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,
SECTION 1. TABLE OF CONTENTS.

    The table of contents for this Act is as follows:

Sec. 1. Table of contents.
Sec. 2. References.

                      DIVISION A--CHIPS ACT OF 2022

Sec. 101. Short title.
Sec. 102. Creating helpful incentives to produce semiconductors (CHIPS) 
           for America fund.
Sec. 103. Semiconductor incentives.
Sec. 104. Opportunity and inclusion.
Sec. 105. Additional GAO reporting requirements.
Sec. 106. Appropriations for wireless supply chain innovation.
Sec. 107. Advanced manufacturing investment credit.

                   DIVISION B--RESEARCH AND INNOVATION

Sec. 10000. Table of contents.
Sec. 10001. Short title.
Sec. 10002. Definitions.
Sec. 10003. Budgetary effects.

          TITLE I--DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY SCIENCE FOR THE FUTURE

Sec. 10101. Mission of the Office of Science.
Sec. 10102. Basic energy sciences program.
Sec. 10103. Biological and environmental research.
Sec. 10104. Advanced scientific computing research program.
Sec. 10105. Fusion energy research.
Sec. 10106. High energy physics program.
Sec. 10107. Nuclear physics program.
Sec. 10108. Science laboratories infrastructure program.
Sec. 10109. Accelerator research and development.
Sec. 10110. Isotope research, development, and production.
Sec. 10111. Increased collaboration with teachers and scientists.
Sec. 10112. High intensity laser research initiative; helium 
           conservation program; Office of Science emerging biological 
           threat preparedness research initiative; midscale 
           instrumentation and research equipment program; authorization 
           of appropriations.
Sec. 10113. Established program to stimulate competitive research.
Sec. 10114. Research security.

 TITLE II--NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY FOR THE FUTURE

Sec. 10201. Definitions.

               Subtitle A--Authorization of Appropriations

Sec. 10211. Authorization of appropriations.

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                    Subtitle B--Measurement Research

Sec. 10221. Engineering biology and biometrology.
Sec. 10222. Greenhouse gas measurement research.
Sec. 10223. NIST authority for cybersecurity and privacy activities.
Sec. 10224. Software security and authentication.
Sec. 10225. Digital identity management research.
Sec. 10226. Biometrics research and testing.
Sec. 10227. Federal biometric performance standards.
Sec. 10228. Protecting research from cybersecurity theft.
Sec. 10229. Dissemination of resources for research institutions.
Sec. 10230. Advanced communications research.
Sec. 10231. Neutron scattering.
Sec. 10232. Artificial intelligence.
Sec. 10233. Sustainable chemistry research and education.
Sec. 10234. Premise plumbing research.
Sec. 10235. Dr. David Satcher Cybersecurity Education Grant Program.

                     Subtitle C--General Activities

Sec. 10241. Educational outreach and support for underrepresented 
           communities.
Sec. 10242. Other transactions authority.
Sec. 10243. Report to Congress on collaborations with government 
           agencies.
Sec. 10244. Hiring critical technical experts.
Sec. 10245. International standards development.
Sec. 10246. Standard technical update.
Sec. 10247. GAO study of NIST research security policies and protocols.
Sec. 10248. Standards development organization grants.

        Subtitle D--Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership

Sec. 10251. Establishment of expansion awards pilot program as a part of 
           the Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership.
Sec. 10252. Update to Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership.
Sec. 10253. National Supply Chain Database.
Sec. 10254. Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership activities.
Sec. 10255. Amendment to the Hollings Manufacturing Extension 
           Partnership relating to institutions of higher education.

                  Subtitle E--Manufacturing USA Program

Sec. 10261. Supporting geographic diversity.
Sec. 10262. Expanding opportunities through the Manufacturing USA 
           Program.
Sec. 10263. Promoting domestic production of technologies developed 
           under Manufacturing USA Program.

          TITLE III--NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION FOR THE FUTURE

                     Subtitle A--Preliminary Matters

Sec. 10301. Sense of Congress.
Sec. 10302. Definitions.
Sec. 10303. Authorization of appropriations.

                       Subtitle B--STEM Education

Sec. 10311. PreK-12 STEM education.
Sec. 10312. Undergraduate STEM education.
Sec. 10313. Graduate STEM education.
Sec. 10314. STEM workforce data.
Sec. 10315. Cyber workforce development research and development.
Sec. 10316. Federal cyber scholarship-for-service program.
Sec. 10317. Cybersecurity workforce data initiative.
Sec. 10318. Microelectronics workforce development activities.
Sec. 10319. Incorporation of art and design into certain STEM education.
Sec. 10320. Mandatory cost-sharing.
Sec. 10321. Programs to address the STEM workforce.

                  Subtitle C--Broadening Participation

Sec. 10321. Presidential awards for excellence in mathematics and 
           science.
Sec. 10322. Robert Noyce Teacher Scholarship program update.
Sec. 10323. NSF Eddie Bernice Johnson INCLUDES Initiative.
Sec. 10324. Broadening participation on major facilities awards.
Sec. 10325. Expanding geographic and institutional diversity in 
           research.
Sec. 10326. Diversity in tech research.
Sec. 10327. Chief Diversity Officer of the NSF.

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Sec. 10328. Research and dissemination to increase the participation of 
           women and underrepresented minorities in STEM fields.
Sec. 10329. Activities to expand STEM opportunities.
Sec. 10330. Intramural emerging research institutions pilot program.

                    Subtitle D--NSF Research Security

Sec. 10331. Office of Research Security and Policy.
Sec. 10332. Chief of Research Security.
Sec. 10333. Reporting to Congress.
Sec. 10334. Online resource.
Sec. 10335. Research awards.
Sec. 10336. Authorities.
Sec. 10337. Responsible conduct in research training.
Sec. 10338. Research security and integrity information sharing analysis 
           organization.
Sec. 10339. Plan with respect to controlled information and background 
           screening.
Sec. 10339A. Foundation funding to institutions hosting or supporting 
           Confucius Institutes.
Sec. 10339B. Foreign financial support.
Sec. 10339C. Authorization of appropriations.

                    Subtitle E--Fundamental Research

Sec. 10341. Broader impacts.
Sec. 10342. Sense of Congress.
Sec. 10343. Research ethics.
Sec. 10344. Research reproducibility and replicability.
Sec. 10345. Climate change research.
Sec. 10346. Social, behavioral, and economic sciences.
Sec. 10347. Measuring impacts of Federally funded research and 
           development.
Sec. 10348. Food-energy-water research.
Sec. 10349. Biological Field Stations and Marine Laboratories.
Sec. 10350. Sustainable chemistry research and education.
Sec. 10351. Risk and resilience research.
Sec. 10352. Unmanned aircraft systems technologies.
Sec. 10353. Accelerating unmanned maritime systems technologies.
Sec. 10354. Leveraging international expertise in research.
Sec. 10355. Biological research collections.
Sec. 10356. Clean water research and technology acceleration.
Sec. 10357. Technology and behavioral science research.
Sec. 10358. Manufacturing research amendment.
Sec. 10359. Critical minerals mining research and development.
Sec. 10360. Study of AI research capacity.
Sec. 10361. Advancing IoT for Precision Agriculture Capabilities Act.
Sec. 10362. Astronomy and satellite constellations.
Sec. 10363. Research on the impact of inflation.
Sec. 10364. Microgravity utilization policy.
Sec. 10365. Recognition of the Arecibo Observatory.

                   Subtitle F--Research Infrastructure

Sec. 10371. Facility operation and maintenance.
Sec. 10372. Reviews.
Sec. 10373. Helium conservation.
Sec. 10374. Advanced computing.
Sec. 10375. National secure data service.

  Subtitle G--Directorate for Technology, Innovation, and Partnerships

Sec. 10381. Establishment.
Sec. 10382. Purposes.
Sec. 10383. Activities.
Sec. 10384. Requirements.
Sec. 10385. Assistant Director.
Sec. 10386. Advisory committee.
Sec. 10387. Challenges and focus areas.
Sec. 10388. Regional Innovation Engines.
Sec. 10389. Translation accelerator.
Sec. 10390. Test beds.
Sec. 10391. Planning and capacity building awards.
Sec. 10392. Entrepreneurial fellowships.
Sec. 10393. Scholarships and fellowships.
Sec. 10394. Research and development awards.
Sec. 10395. Scaling innovations in PreK-12 STEM education.

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Sec. 10396. Authorities.
Sec. 10397. Coordination of activities.
Sec. 10398. Ethical, legal, and societal considerations.
Sec. 10399. Reports and roadmaps.
Sec. 10399A. Evaluation.

                  Subtitle H--Administrative Amendments

Sec. 10399D. Supporting veterans in STEM careers.
Sec. 10399E. Sunshine Act compliance.
Sec. 10399F. Science and engineering indicators report submission.

              TITLE IV--BIOECONOMY RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT

Sec. 10401. Definitions.
Sec. 10402. National engineering biology research and development 
           initiative.
Sec. 10403. Initiative coordination.
Sec. 10404. Advisory committee on engineering biology research and 
           development.
Sec. 10405. External review of ethical, legal, environmental, safety, 
           security, and societal issues.
Sec. 10406. Agency activities.
Sec. 10407. Rule of construction.

              TITLE V--BROADENING PARTICIPATION IN SCIENCE

                     Subtitle A--STEM Opportunities

Sec. 10501. Federal research agency policies for caregivers.
Sec. 10502. Collection and reporting of data on federal research awards.
Sec. 10503. Policies for review of Federal research awards.
Sec. 10504. Collection of data on demographics of faculty.
Sec. 10505. Cultural and institutional barriers to expanding the 
           academic and Federal STEM workforce.
Sec. 10506. Existing activities.
Sec. 10507. Report to Congress.
Sec. 10508. Merit review.
Sec. 10509. Determination of budgetary effects.
Sec. 10510. Definition.

                Subtitle B--Rural STEM Education Research

Sec. 10511. Definition.
Sec. 10512. National Science Foundation rural STEM activities.
Sec. 10513. Opportunities for online education.
Sec. 10514. National Academies evaluation.
Sec. 10515. GAO review.
Sec. 10516. NIST engagement with rural communities.

                    Subtitle C--MSI STEM Achievement

Sec. 10521. GAO review.
Sec. 10522. Agency responsibilities.
Sec. 10523. Research at the National Science Foundation.
Sec. 10524. Capacity-building program for developing universities.
Sec. 10525. Tribal Colleges and Universities program.
Sec. 10526. Definitions.

           Subtitle D--Combating Sexual Harassment in Science

Sec. 10531. Findings.
Sec. 10532. Purpose.
Sec. 10533. Definition.
Sec. 10534. Research awards.
Sec. 10535. Responsible Conduct Guide.
Sec. 10536. Interagency working group.
Sec. 10537. National Academies assessment.
Sec. 10538. GAO study.
Sec. 10539. Authorization of appropriations.

        TITLE VI--MISCELLANEOUS SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY PROVISIONS

             Subtitle A--Supporting Early-career Researchers

Sec. 10601. Early-career research fellowship program.
Sec. 10602. Authorization of appropriations.

          Subtitle B--National Science and Technology Strategy

Sec. 10611. National science and technology strategy.

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Sec. 10612. Strategy and report on the Nation's economic security, 
           science, research, and innovation to support the national 
           security strategy.
Sec. 10613. Quadrennial science and technology review.

                     Subtitle C--Regional Innovation

Sec. 10621. Regional innovation capacity.
Sec. 10622. Regional Clean Energy Innovation Program.

                      Subtitle D--Research Security

Sec. 10631. Requirements for foreign talent recruitment programs.
Sec. 10632. Malign foreign talent recruitment program prohibition.
Sec. 10633. Review of contracts and agreements.
Sec. 10634. Research security training requirement for Federal research 
           award personnel.
Sec. 10635. Research funds accounting.
Sec. 10636. Person or entity of concern prohibition.
Sec. 10637. Nondiscrimination.
Sec. 10638. Definitions.

   Subtitle E--Coastal and Ocean Acidification Research and Innovation

Sec. 10641. Short title.
Sec. 10642. Purposes.
Sec. 10643. Definitions.
Sec. 10644. Interagency working group.
Sec. 10645. Strategic research plan.
Sec. 10646. NOAA ocean acidification activities.
Sec. 10647. NSF ocean acidification activities.
Sec. 10648. NASA ocean acidification activities.
Sec. 10649. Authorization of appropriations.

                  Subtitle F--Interagency Working Group

Sec. 10651. Interagency working group.

            Subtitle G--Quantum Networking and Communications

Sec. 10661. Quantum networking and communications.

                    Subtitle H--Blockchain Specialist

Sec. 10671. Establishment of blockchain and cryptocurrency specialist 
           position within OSTP.

       Subtitle I--Partnerships for Energy Security and Innovation

Sec. 10691. Foundation for Energy Security and Innovation.

               Subtitle J--Energizing Technology Transfer

Sec. 10701. Definitions.

       PART 1--National Clean Energy Technology Transfer Programs

Sec. 10713. National clean energy incubator program.
Sec. 10714. Clean energy technology university prize competition.
Sec. 10715. Clean energy technology transfer coordination.

 PART 2--Supporting Technology Development at the National Laboratories

Sec. 10716. Lab partnering service pilot program.
Sec. 10717. Lab-embedded entrepreneurship program.
Sec. 10718. Small business voucher program.
Sec. 10719. Entrepreneurial leave program.
Sec. 10720. National Laboratory non-Federal employee outside employment 
           authority.

               PART 3--Department of Energy Modernization

Sec. 10722. Office of Technology Transitions.
Sec. 10723. Management of Department of Energy demonstration projects.
Sec. 10724. Streamlining prize competitions.
Sec. 10725. Cost-share waiver extension.
Sec. 10726. Special hiring authority for scientific, engineering, and 
           project management personnel.
Sec. 10727. Technology transfer reports and evaluation.

                          Subtitle K--Micro Act

Sec. 10731. Microelectronics research for energy innovation.

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    Subtitle L--National Nuclear University Research Infrastructure 
                              Reinvestment

Sec. 10741. Short title.
Sec. 10742. Purposes.
Sec. 10743. University infrastructure collaboration.
Sec. 10744. Advanced nuclear research infrastructure enhancement 
           subprogram.
Sec. 10745. Science education and human resources scholarships, 
           fellowships, and research and development projects.

    Subtitle M--Steel Upgrading Partnerships and Emissions Reduction

Sec. 10751. Low-emissions steel manufacturing research program.

    Subtitle N--Applied Laboratories Infrastructure Restoration and 
                              Modernization

Sec. 10761. Applied laboratories infrastructure restoration and 
           modernization.

      Subtitle O--Department of Energy Research, Development, and 
                        Demonstration Activities

Sec. 10771. Department of Energy research, development, and 
           demonstration activities.

                   Subtitle P--Fission for the Future

Sec. 10781. Advanced nuclear technologies Federal research, development, 
           and demonstration program.

 TITLE VII--NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION AUTHORIZATION 
                                   ACT

Sec. 10801. Short title.
Sec. 10802. Definitions.

                         Subtitle A--Exploration

Sec. 10811. Moon to Mars.
Sec. 10812. Space Launch System configurations.
Sec. 10813. Rocket engine test infrastructure.
Sec. 10814. Pearl River maintenance.
Sec. 10815. Extension and modification relating to International Space 
           Station.
Sec. 10816. Priorities for International Space Station.
Sec. 10817. Technical amendments relating to Artemis missions.

                           Subtitle B--Science

Sec. 10821. Science priorities.
Sec. 10822. Search for life.
Sec. 10823. Next generation of astrophysics great observatories.
Sec. 10824. Earth science missions and programs.
Sec. 10825. Planetary Defense Coordination Office.

                         Subtitle C--Aeronautics

Sec. 10831. Experimental aircraft projects.
Sec. 10832. Unmanned aircraft systems.
Sec. 10833. Cleaner, quieter airplanes.

                      Subtitle D--Space Technology

Sec. 10841. Space nuclear capabilities.
Sec. 10842. Prioritization of low-enriched uranium technology.

                       Subtitle E--STEM Engagement

Sec. 10851. Office of STEM Engagement.

                        Subtitle F--Miscellaneous

Sec. 10861. Program, workforce, and industrial base reviews.
Sec. 10862. Modification of lease of non-excess property.

   DIVISION C--SUPPLEMENTAL APPROPRIATIONS TO ADDRESS THREATS TO THE 
                   SUPREME COURT OF THE UNITED STATES

SEC. 2. <<NOTE: 15 USC 4652 note.>> REFERENCES.

    Except as expressly provided otherwise, any reference to ``this 
Act'' contained in any division of this Act shall be treated as 
referring only to the provisions of that division.

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DIVISION <<NOTE: CHIPS Act of 2022.>> A--CHIPS ACT OF 2022
SEC. 101. <<NOTE: 15 USC 4651 note.>> SHORT TITLE.

    This division may be cited as the ``CHIPS Act of 2022''.
SEC. 102. CREATING HELPFUL INCENTIVES TO PRODUCE SEMICONDUCTORS 
                        (CHIPS) FOR AMERICA FUND.

    (a) CHIPS for America Fund.--
            (1) Establishment.--There is established in the Treasury of 
        the United States a fund to be known as the ``Creating Helpful 
        Incentives to Produce Semiconductors (CHIPS) for America Fund'' 
        (referred to in this subsection as the ``Fund'') for the 
        Secretary of Commerce to carry out sections 9902, 9904, and 9906 
        of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense 
        Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (15 U.S.C. 4652, 4654, 
        and 4656; Public Law 116-283). <<NOTE: Transfer 
        authority.>> Amounts in the Fund to carry out sections 9904 and 
        9906 of Public Law 116-283 shall be transferred to and merged 
        with accounts within the Department of Commerce to be used for 
        such purposes, except that amounts transferred to carry out 
        section 9904 of Public Law 116-283 shall remain available until 
        September 30, 2025.
            (2) Appropriation.--
                    (A) In addition to amounts otherwise available for 
                such purposes, there is appropriated to the Fund 
                established in subsection (a)(1), out of amounts in the 
                Treasury not otherwise appropriated--
                          (i) for fiscal year 2022, $24,000,000,000, to 
                      remain available until expended, of which 
                      $19,000,000,000 shall be for section 9902 of 
                      Public Law 116-283, $2,000,000,000 shall be for 
                      subsection (c) of section 9906 of Public Law 116-
                      283, $2,500,000,000 shall be for subsection (d) of 
                      section 9906 of Public Law 116-283, and 
                      $500,000,000 shall be for subsections (e) and (f) 
                      of section 9906 of Public Law 116-283;
                          (ii) for fiscal year 2023, $7,000,000,000 to 
                      remain available until expended, of which 
                      $5,000,000,000 shall be for section 9902 of Public 
                      Law 116-283 and $2,000,000,000 shall be for 
                      subsections (c), (d), (e), and (f) of section 9906 
                      of Public Law 116-283;
                          (iii) for fiscal year 2024, $6,300,000,000, to 
                      remain available until expended, of which 
                      $5,000,000,000 shall be for section 9902 of Public 
                      Law 116-283 and $1,300,000,000 shall be for 
                      subsections (c), (d), (e), and (f) of section 9906 
                      of Public Law 116-283;
                          (iv) for fiscal year 2025, $6,100,000,000, to 
                      remain available until expended, of which 
                      $5,000,000,000 shall be for section 9902 of Public 
                      Law 116-283 and $1,100,000,000 shall be for 
                      subsections (c), (d), (e), and (f) of section 9906 
                      of Public Law 116-283; and
                          (v) for fiscal year 2026, $6,600,000,000, to 
                      remain available until expended, of which 
                      $5,000,000,000 shall be for section 9902 of Public 
                      Law 116- 283 and $1,600,000,000 shall be for 
                      subsections (c), (d), (e), and (f) of section 9906 
                      of Public Law 116-283.

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                    (B) Direct loans and loan guarantees.--The Secretary 
                of Commerce may use--
                          (i) up to $6,000,000,000 of the amounts made 
                      available for fiscal year 2022 for section 9902 of 
                      Public Law 116-283 for the cost of direct loans 
                      and loan guarantees, as authorized by section 9902 
                      of Public Law 116-283, provided that--
                                    (I) such costs, including the cost 
                                of modifying such loans and loan 
                                guarantees shall be as defined in 
                                section 502 of the Congressional Budget 
                                Act of 1974; and
                                    (II) these funds are available to 
                                subsidize gross obligations for the 
                                principal amount of direct loans and 
                                total loan principal, any part of which 
                                is to be guaranteed, not to exceed 
                                $75,000,000,000;
                          (ii) <<NOTE: Transfer authority.>> up to 2 
                      percent of the amounts made available in each 
                      fiscal year for salaries and expenses, 
                      administration, and oversight purposes to carry 
                      out sections 9902 and 9906 of Public Law 116-283, 
                      of which $5,000,000 in each of fiscal years 2022 
                      through 2026 shall be transferred to the Office of 
                      Inspector General of the Department of Commerce to 
                      oversee expenditures from the Fund; and
                          (iii) up to $2,300,000 of the amounts made 
                      available in fiscal year 2022 to carry out section 
                      9904 of Public Law 116-283.
            (3) Assistance for mature technology nodes.--Of the amount 
        available in fiscal year 2022 to implement section 9902 of the 
        William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act 
        for Fiscal Year 2021 (15 U.S.C. 4652), $2,000,000,000 shall be 
        to provide Federal financial assistance to covered entities to 
        incentivize investment in facilities and equipment in the United 
        States for the fabrication, assembly, testing, or packaging of 
        semiconductors at mature technology nodes under subsection (e) 
        of that section, as added by section 103 of this Act.
            (4) Allocation authority.--
                    (A) <<NOTE: President.>>  Submission of cost 
                estimates.--The President shall submit to Congress 
                detailed account, program, and project allocations of 
                the full amount made available under subsection (a)(2)--
                          (i) <<NOTE: Time period. Deadline.>>  for 
                      fiscal years 2022 and 2023, not later than 60 days 
                      after the date of enactment of this Act; and
                          (ii) for each subsequent fiscal year through 
                      2026, as part of the annual budget submission of 
                      the President under section 1105(a) of title 31, 
                      United States Code.
                    (B) Alternate allocation.--
                          (i) In general.--The Committees on 
                      Appropriations of the House of Representatives and 
                      the Senate may provide for alternate allocation of 
                      amounts made available under subsection (a)(2), 
                      including by account, program, and project.
                          (ii) Allocation by president.--
                                    (I) No alternate allocations.--If 
                                Congress has not enacted legislation 
                                establishing alternate allocations, 
                                including by account, program, and

[[Page 136 STAT. 1374]]

                                project, by the date on which the Act 
                                making full-year appropriations for the 
                                Departments of Commerce and Justice, 
                                Science, and Related Agencies for the 
                                applicable fiscal year is enacted into 
                                law, only then shall amounts made 
                                available under subsection (a)(2) be 
                                allocated by the President or 
                                apportioned or allotted by account, 
                                program, and project pursuant to title 
                                31, United States Code.
                                    (II) Insufficient alternate 
                                allocation.--If Congress enacts 
                                legislation establishing alternate 
                                allocations, including by account, 
                                program, and project, for amounts made 
                                available under subsection (a)(2) that 
                                are less than the full amount 
                                appropriated under that subsection, the 
                                difference between the amount 
                                appropriated and the alternate 
                                allocation shall be allocated by the 
                                President and apportioned and allotted 
                                by account, program, and project 
                                pursuant to title 31, United States 
                                Code.

    (b) CHIPS for America Defense Fund.--
            (1) Establishment.--There is established in the Treasury of 
        the United States a fund to be known as the ``Creating Helpful 
        Incentives to Produce Semiconductors (CHIPS) for America Defense 
        Fund'' (referred to in this subsection as the ``Fund'') to 
        provide for those requirements that are necessary to carry out 
        section 9903(b) of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National 
        Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (15 U.S.C. 
        4653(b)). <<NOTE: Transfer authority.>>  Amounts in the Fund 
        shall be transferred to and merged with accounts within the 
        Department of Defense to be used for such purposes. Amounts in 
        the Fund or transferred to and merged with accounts within the 
        Department of Defense may not be used for construction of 
        facilities.
            (2) <<NOTE: Time periods.>>  Appropriation.--In addition to 
        amounts otherwise available for such purposes, there is 
        appropriated to the Fund established in subsection (b)(1), out 
        of amounts in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated--
                    (A) for fiscal year 2023, $400,000,000, to remain 
                available until September 30, 2023;
                    (B) for fiscal year 2024, $400,000,000, to remain 
                available until September 30, 2024;
                    (C) for fiscal year 2025, $400,000,000, to remain 
                available until September 30, 2025;
                    (D) for fiscal year 2026, $400,000,000, to remain 
                available until September 30, 2026; and
                    (E) for fiscal year 2027, $400,000,000, to remain 
                available until September 30, 2027.
            (3) Allocation authority.--
                    (A) <<NOTE: President.>>  Submission of cost 
                estimates.--The President shall submit to Congress 
                detailed account, program element, and project 
                allocations of the full amount made available under 
                subsection (b)(2)--
                          (i) <<NOTE: Deadline.>>  for fiscal year 2023, 
                      not later than 60 days after the date of enactment 
                      of this Act; and
                          (ii) for each subsequent fiscal year through 
                      2027, as part of the annual budget submission of 
                      the President under section 1105(a) of title 31, 
                      United States Code.

[[Page 136 STAT. 1375]]

                    (B) Alternate allocation.--
                          (i) In general.--The Committees on 
                      Appropriations of the House of Representatives and 
                      the Senate may provide for alternate allocation of 
                      amounts made available under subsection (b)(2), 
                      including by account, program element, and 
                      project.
                          (ii) Allocation by president.--
                                    (I) No alternate allocations.--If 
                                Congress has not enacted legislation 
                                establishing alternate allocations, 
                                including by account, program element, 
                                and project, by the date on which the 
                                Act making full-year appropriations for 
                                the Department of Defense for the 
                                applicable fiscal year is enacted into 
                                law, only then shall amounts made 
                                available under subsection (b)(2) be 
                                allocated by the President or 
                                apportioned or allotted by account, 
                                program element, and project pursuant to 
                                title 31, United States Code.
                                    (II) Insufficient alternate 
                                allocation.--If Congress enacts 
                                legislation establishing alternate 
                                allocations, including by account, 
                                program element, and project, for 
                                amounts made available under subsection 
                                (b)(2) that are less than the full 
                                amount appropriated under that 
                                subsection, the difference between the 
                                amount appropriated and the alternate 
                                allocation shall be allocated by the 
                                President and apportioned and allotted 
                                by account, program element, and project 
                                pursuant to title 31, United States 
                                Code.

    (c) CHIPS for America International Technology Security and 
Innovation Fund.--
            (1) Establishment.--There is established in the Treasury of 
        the United States a fund to be known as the ``Creating Helpful 
        Incentives to Produce Semiconductors (CHIPS) for America 
        International Technology Security and Innovation Fund'' 
        (referred to in this subsection as the ``Fund'') to provide for 
        international information and communications technology security 
        and semiconductor supply chain activities, including to support 
        the development and adoption of secure and trusted 
        telecommunications technologies, secure semiconductors, secure 
        semiconductors supply chains, and other emerging technologies 
        and to carry out sections 9905 and 9202(a)(2) of the William M. 
        (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal 
        Year 2021 (15 U.S.C. 4655 and 47 U.S.C. 906(a)(2)), as 
        appropriate. <<NOTE: Transfer authority.>>  Amounts in the Fund 
        shall be transferred by the Secretary of State to accounts 
        within the Department of State, the United States Agency for 
        International Development, the Export-Import Bank, and the 
        United States International Development Finance Corporation, as 
        appropriate, to be used for such purposes and under the terms 
        and conditions of the account to which transferred.
            (2) Appropriation.--
                    (A) <<NOTE: Time periods.>>  In addition to amounts 
                otherwise available for such purposes, there is 
                appropriated to the Fund established in subsection 
                (c)(1), out of amounts in the Treasury not otherwise 
                appropriated--

[[Page 136 STAT. 1376]]

                          (i) for fiscal year 2023, $100,000,000, to 
                      remain available until September 30, 2027;
                          (ii) for fiscal year 2024, $100,000,000, to 
                      remain available until September 30, 2028;
                          (iii) for fiscal year 2025, $100,000,000, to 
                      remain available until September 30, 2029;
                          (iv) for fiscal year 2026, $100,000,000, to 
                      remain available until September 30, 2030; and
                          (v) for fiscal year 2027, $100,000,000, to 
                      remain available until September 30, 2031.
                    (B) <<NOTE: Transfer authority.>>  Use.--In carrying 
                out this subsection, the Secretary of State may use up 
                to $5,000,000 of the amounts made available in each 
                fiscal year for the Fund for salaries and expenses, 
                administration, and oversight purposes, of which 
                $500,000 in each of fiscal years 2023 through 2027 shall 
                be transferred to the Office of Inspector General of the 
                Department of State to oversee expenditures under the 
                Fund.
            (3) Allocation authority.--
                    (A) <<NOTE: President.>>  Submission of cost 
                estimates.--The President shall submit to Congress 
                detailed account, program, project, and activity 
                allocations of the full amount made available under 
                subsection (c)(2)--
                          (i) <<NOTE: Deadline.>>  for fiscal year 2023, 
                      not later than 90 days after the date of enactment 
                      of this Act; and
                          (ii) for each subsequent fiscal year through 
                      2027, as part of the annual budget submission of 
                      the President under section 1105(a) of title 31, 
                      United States Code.
                    (B) Alternate allocation.--
                          (i) In general.--The Committees on 
                      Appropriations of the House of Representatives and 
                      the Senate may provide for alternate allocation of 
                      amounts made available under subsection (c)(2), 
                      including by account, program, project, and 
                      activity.
                          (ii) Allocation by president.--
                                    (I) No alternate allocations.--If 
                                Congress has not enacted legislation 
                                establishing alternate allocations, 
                                including by account, program, project, 
                                and activity, by the date on which the 
                                Act making full-year appropriations for 
                                the Department of State, Foreign 
                                Operations, and Related Programs for the 
                                applicable fiscal year is enacted into 
                                law, only then shall amounts made 
                                available under subsection (c)(2) be 
                                allocated by the President or 
                                apportioned or allotted by account, 
                                program, project, and activity pursuant 
                                to title 31, United States Code.
                                    (II) Insufficient alternate 
                                allocation.--If Congress enacts 
                                legislation establishing alternate 
                                allocations, including by account, 
                                program, project, and activity, for 
                                amounts made available under subsection 
                                (c)(2) that are less than the full 
                                amount appropriated under that 
                                subsection, the difference between the 
                                amount appropriated and the alternate 
                                allocation shall be allocated by the 
                                President and apportioned and allotted 
                                by account, program,

[[Page 136 STAT. 1377]]

                                project, and activity pursuant to title 
                                31, United States Code.

    (d) Creating Helpful Incentives to Produce Semiconductors (CHIPS) 
for America Workforce and Education Fund.--
            (1) Establishment.--There is established in the Treasury of 
        the United States a fund to be known as the ``Creating Helpful 
        Incentives to Produce Semiconductors (CHIPS) for America 
        Workforce and Education Fund'' (referred to in this subsection 
        as the ``Fund'') for the National Science Foundation for 
        microelectronics workforce development activities to meet the 
        requirements under section 9906 of the William M. (Mac) 
        Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 
        2021 (15 U.S.C. 4656).
            (2) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  Appropriation.--In addition to 
        amounts otherwise available for such purposes, there is 
        appropriated to the Fund established in subsection (d)(1), out 
        of amounts in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated--
                    (A) for fiscal year 2023, $25,000,000, to remain 
                available until expended;
                    (B) for fiscal year 2024, $25,000,000, to remain 
                available until expended;
                    (C) for fiscal year 2025, $50,000,000, to remain 
                available until expended;
                    (D) for fiscal year 2026, $50,000,000, to remain 
                available until expended; and
                    (E) for fiscal year 2027, $50,000,000, to remain 
                available until expended.
            (3) Allocation authority.--
                    (A) <<NOTE: President.>>  Submission of cost 
                estimates.--The President shall submit to Congress 
                detailed account, program, and project allocations of 
                the full amount made available under paragraph (2)--
                          (i) <<NOTE: Deadline.>>  for fiscal year 2023, 
                      not later than 60 days after the date of enactment 
                      of this Act; and
                          (ii) for each subsequent fiscal year through 
                      2027, as part of the annual budget submission of 
                      the President under section 1105(a) of title 31, 
                      United States Code.
                    (B) Alternate allocation.--
                          (i) In general.--The Committees on 
                      Appropriations of the House of Representatives and 
                      the Senate may provide for alternate allocation of 
                      amounts made available under paragraph (2), 
                      including by account, program, and project.
                          (ii) Allocation by president.--
                                    (I) No alternate allocations.--If 
                                Congress has not enacted legislation 
                                establishing alternate allocations, 
                                including by account, program, and 
                                project, by the date on which the Act 
                                making full-year appropriations for the 
                                Departments of Commerce and Justice, 
                                Science, and Related Agencies for the 
                                applicable fiscal year is enacted into 
                                law, only then shall amounts made 
                                available under subsection (d)(2) be 
                                allocated by the President or 
                                apportioned or allotted by account, 
                                program, and project pursuant to title 
                                31, United States Code.

[[Page 136 STAT. 1378]]

                                    (II) Insufficient alternate 
                                allocation.--If Congress enacts 
                                legislation establishing alternate 
                                allocations, including by account, 
                                program, and project, for amounts made 
                                available under subsection (d)(2) that 
                                are less than the full amount 
                                appropriated under that subsection, the 
                                difference between the amount 
                                appropriated and the alternate 
                                allocation shall be allocated by the 
                                President and apportioned and allotted 
                                by account, program, and project 
                                pursuant to title 31, United States 
                                Code.

    (e) Sequestration.--Section 255(g)(1)(A) of the Balanced Budget and 
Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985 (2 U.S.C. 905(g)(1)(A)) is amended 
by inserting after ``Continuing Fund, Southwestern Power Administration 
(89-5649-0-2-271).'' the following:
                    ``Creating Helpful Incentives to Produce 
                Semiconductors (CHIPS) for America Fund.
                    ``Creating Helpful Incentives to Produce 
                Semiconductors (CHIPS) for America Defense Fund.
                    ``Creating Helpful Incentives to Produce 
                Semiconductors (CHIPS) for America International 
                Technology Security and Innovation Fund.
                    ``Creating Helpful Incentives to Produce 
                Semiconductors (CHIPS) for America Workforce and 
                Education Fund''.

    (f) Budgetary Effects.--
            (1) Statutory paygo scorecards.--The budgetary effects of 
        this section shall not be entered on either PAYGO scorecard 
        maintained pursuant to section 4(d) of the Statutory Pay-As-You-
        Go Act of 2010 (2 U.S.C. 933(d)).
            (2) Senate paygo scorecards.--The budgetary effects of this 
        section shall not be entered on any PAYGO scorecard maintained 
        for purposes of section 4106 of H. Con. Res. 71 (115th 
        Congress).
            (3) Classification of budgetary effects.--Notwithstanding 
        Rule 3 of the Budget Scorekeeping Guidelines set forth in the 
        joint explanatory statement of the committee of conference 
        accompanying Conference Report 105-217 and section 250(c)(8) of 
        the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985, 
        the budgetary effects of this section shall not be estimated--
                    (A) for purposes of section 251 of such Act;
                    (B) for purposes of an allocation to the Committee 
                on Appropriations pursuant to section 302(a) of the 
                Congressional Budget Act of 1974; and
                    (C) for purposes of paragraph (4)(C) of section 3 of 
                the Statutory Pay-As-You-Go Act of 2010 as being 
                included in an appropriation Act.

    (g) Limitation on Using Amounts for Stock Buybacks or the Payment of 
Dividends.--
            (1) <<NOTE: Determination.>>  In general.--A person 
        receiving amounts appropriated under this section or from a 
        covered fund may not use such amounts, as determined using the 
        criteria for eligible uses of amounts under sections 9902(a)(4) 
        and 9905(a)(4) of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National 
        Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (15 U.S.C. 
        4652(a)(4), 15 U.S.C. 4655(a)(4)), the activities under section 
        9903(b) of such Act

[[Page 136 STAT. 1379]]

        (15 U.S.C. 4653(b)), and the functions under 9906(c)(2) of such 
        Act (15 U.S.C. 4656(c)(2)) --
                    (A) to purchase an equity security that is listed on 
                a national securities exchange of such person or any 
                parent company of such person; or
                    (B) to pay dividends or make other capital 
                distributions with respect to the common stock (or 
                equivalent interest) of the person.
            (2) <<NOTE: Definition.>>  Covered fund.--In this 
        subsection, the term ``covered fund'' means--
                    (A) the Creating Helpful Incentives to Produce 
                Semiconductors (CHIPS) for America Fund;
                    (B) the Creating Helpful Incentives to Produce 
                Semiconductors (CHIPS) for America Defense Fund;
                    (C) the Creating Helpful Incentives to Produce 
                Semiconductors (CHIPS) for America International 
                Technology Security and Innovation Fund; and
                    (D) the Creating Helpful Incentives to Produce 
                Semiconductors (CHIPS) for America Workforce and 
                Education Fund.
SEC. 103. SEMICONDUCTOR INCENTIVES.

    (a) Definitions.--Section 9901 of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry 
National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (15 U.S.C. 4651) 
is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (2)--
                    (A) by striking ``a private entity, a consortium of 
                private entities, or a consortium of public and private 
                entities'' and inserting ``a nonprofit entity, a private 
                entity, a consortium of private entities, or a 
                consortium of nonprofit, public, and private entities'';
                    (B) by inserting ``production,'' before ``or 
                research and development''; and
                    (C) by striking ``of semiconductors.'' and inserting 
                ``of semiconductors, materials used to manufacture 
                semiconductors, or semiconductor manufacturing 
                equipment.'';
            (2) by redesignating paragraphs (5), (6), (7), (8), and (9) 
        as paragraphs (6), (8), (9), (12), and (13), respectively;
            (3) by inserting after paragraph (4), the following:
            ``(5) The term `critical manufacturing industry'--
                    ``(A) means an industry, industry group, or a set of 
                related industries or related industry groups--
                          ``(i) assigned a North American Industry 
                      Classification System code beginning with 31, 32, 
                      or 33; and
                          ``(ii) for which the applicable industry group 
                      or groups in the North American Industry 
                      Classification System code cumulatively--
                                    ``(I) manufacture primary products 
                                and parts, the sum of which account for 
                                not less than 5 percent of the 
                                manufacturing value added by industry 
                                gross domestic product of the United 
                                States; and
                                    ``(II) employ individuals for 
                                primary products and parts manufacturing 
                                activities that, combined, account for 
                                not less than 5 percent of manufacturing 
                                employment in the United States; and
                    ``(B) may include any other manufacturing industry 
                designated by the Secretary based on the relevance of

[[Page 136 STAT. 1380]]

                the manufacturing industry to the national and economic 
                security of the United States, including the impacts of 
                job losses.''; and
            (4) by inserting after paragraph (6), as so redesignated, 
        the following:
            ``(7) The term `foreign country of concern' means--
                    ``(A) a country that is a covered nation (as defined 
                in section 4872(d) of title 10 United States Code); and
                    ``(B) <<NOTE: Consultation. Determination.>>  any 
                country that the Secretary, in consultation with the 
                Secretary of Defense, the Secretary of State, and the 
                Director of National Intelligence, determines to be 
                engaged in conduct that is detrimental to the national 
                security or foreign policy of the United States.''; and
            (5) by inserting after paragraph (9), as so redesignated, 
        the following:
            ``(10) The term `mature technology node' has the meaning 
        given the term by the Secretary.
            ``(11) The term `nonprofit entity' means an entity described 
        in section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 and 
        exempt from taxation under section 501(a) of such Code.''.

    (b) Semiconductor Program.--Section 9902 of the William M. (Mac) 
Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (15 
U.S.C. 4652) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)(1)--
                    (A) by striking ``for semiconductor fabrication'' 
                and inserting ``for the fabrication'';
                    (B) by inserting ``production,'' before ``or 
                research and development''; and
                    (C) by striking the period at the end and inserting 
                ``of semiconductors, materials used to manufacture 
                semiconductors, or semiconductor manufacturing 
                equipment.''; and
            (2) in subsection (a)(2)--
                    (A) in subparagraph (B)(i), by striking ``; and'' at 
                the end;
                    (B) in subparagraph (B)(ii)--
                          (i) in subclause (III), by striking ``and'' at 
                      the end;
                          (ii) in subclause (IV), by striking the period 
                      at the end and inserting a semicolon; and
                          (iii) by adding at the end the following:
                                    ``(V) determined--
                                            ``(aa) the type of 
                                        semiconductor technology, 
                                        equipment, materials, or 
                                        research and development the 
                                        covered entity will produce at 
                                        the facility described in clause 
                                        (i); and
                                            ``(bb) the customers, or 
                                        categories of customers, to 
                                        which the covered entity plans 
                                        to sell the semiconductor 
                                        technology, equipment, 
                                        materials, or research and 
                                        development described in item 
                                        (aa); and
                                    ``(VI) documented, to the extent 
                                practicable, workforce needs and 
                                developed a strategy to meet such 
                                workforce needs consistent with the 
                                commitments described in subclauses (II) 
                                and (III);''; and
                    (C) by inserting after subparagraph (B)(ii) the 
                following--

[[Page 136 STAT. 1381]]

                          ``(iii) with respect to the project described 
                      in clause (i), the covered entity has an 
                      executable plan to identify and mitigate relevant 
                      semiconductor supply chain security risks, such as 
                      risks associated with access, availability, 
                      confidentiality, integrity, and a lack of 
                      geographic diversification in the covered entity's 
                      supply chain; and
                          ``(iv) with respect to any project for the 
                      production, assembly, or packaging of 
                      semiconductors, the covered entity has implemented 
                      policies and procedures to combat cloning, 
                      counterfeiting, and relabeling of semiconductors, 
                      as applicable.'';
                    (D) in subparagraph (C)--
                          (i) in clause (i)--
                                    (I) in subclause (II), by striking 
                                ``is in the interest of the United 
                                States'' and inserting ``is in the 
                                economic and national security interests 
                                of the United States''; and
                                    (II) in subclause (III), by striking 
                                ``and'' at the end;
                          (ii) in clause (ii)(IV), by striking ``and'' 
                      at the end;
                          (iii) by redesignating clause (iii) as clause 
                      (v); and
                          (iv) by inserting after clause (ii) the 
                      following:
                          ``(iii) the Secretary shall consider the type 
                      of semiconductor technology produced by the 
                      covered entity and whether that semiconductor 
                      technology advances the economic and national 
                      security interests of the United States;
                          ``(iv) the Secretary may not approve an 
                      application, unless the covered entity provides a 
                      plan that does not use Federal financial 
                      assistance to assist efforts to physically 
                      relocate existing facility infrastructure to 
                      another jurisdiction within the United States, 
                      unless the project is in the interest of the 
                      United States; and'';
                    (E) by redesignating subparagraph (D) as 
                subparagraph (E); and
                    (F) by inserting after subparagraph (C) the 
                following:
                    ``(D) Priority.--In awarding Federal financial 
                assistance to covered entities under this subsection, 
                the Secretary shall--
                          ``(i) give priority to ensuring that a covered 
                      entity receiving financial assistance will--
                                    ``(I) manufacture semiconductors 
                                necessary to address gaps and 
                                vulnerabilities in the domestic supply 
                                chain across a diverse range of 
                                technology and process nodes; and
                                    ``(II) provide a secure supply of 
                                semiconductors necessary for the 
                                national security, manufacturing, 
                                critical infrastructure, and technology 
                                leadership of the United States and 
                                other essential elements of the economy 
                                of the United States; and
                          ``(ii) ensure that the assistance is awarded 
                      to covered entities for both advanced and mature 
                      technology nodes to meet the priorities described 
                      in clause (i).'';
            (3) in subsection (a)(4)(A), by striking ``used for 
        semiconductors'' and inserting ``used for the purposes'';

[[Page 136 STAT. 1382]]

            (4) in subsection (a)(5)--
                    (A) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``major'';
                    (B) in subparagraph (D), by striking ``major''; and
                    (C) in subparagraph (E)(i), by striking ``major'';
            (5) by inserting after subsection (a)(5) the following:
            ``(6) Expansion clawback.--
                    ``(A) Definition of legacy semiconductor.--
                          
                      ``(i) <<NOTE: Determinations. Consultations.>>  In 
                      general.--In this paragraph, the term `legacy 
                      semiconductor'--
                                    ``(I) includes--
                                            ``(aa) a semiconductor 
                                        technology that is of the 28 
                                        nanometer generation or older 
                                        for logic;
                                            ``(bb) with respect to 
                                        memory technology, analog 
                                        technology, packaging 
                                        technology, and any other 
                                        relevant technology, any legacy 
                                        generation of semiconductor 
                                        technology relative to the 
                                        generation described in item 
                                        (aa), as determined by the 
                                        Secretary, in consultation with 
                                        the Secretary of Defense and the 
                                        Director of National 
                                        Intelligence; and
                                            ``(cc) any additional 
                                        semiconductor technology 
                                        identified by the Secretary in a 
                                        public notice issued under 
                                        clause (ii); and
                                    ``(II) does not include a 
                                semiconductor that is critical to 
                                national security, as determined by the 
                                Secretary, in consultation with the 
                                Secretary of Defense and the Director of 
                                National Intelligence.
                          ``(ii) <<NOTE: Deadline. Time periods. Public 
                      comment. Notice.>>  Updates.--Not later than 2 
                      years after the date of enactment of the CHIPS Act 
                      of 2022, and not less frequently than once every 2 
                      years thereafter for the 8-year period after the 
                      last award under this section is made, the 
                      Secretary, after public notice and an opportunity 
                      for comment and if applicable and necessary, shall 
                      issue a public notice identifying any additional 
                      semiconductor technology included in the meaning 
                      of the term `legacy semiconductor' under clause 
                      (i).
                          ``(iii) Functions of the secretary.--The 
                      functions of the Secretary under this paragraph 
                      shall not be subject to sections 551, 553 through 
                      559, and 701 through 706 of title 5, United States 
                      Code.
                          ``(iv) Consultation.--In carrying out clause 
                      (ii), the Secretary shall consult with the 
                      Director of National Intelligence and the 
                      Secretary of Defense.
                          ``(v) Considerations.--In carrying out clause 
                      (ii), the Secretary shall consider--
                                    ``(I) state-of-the-art semiconductor 
                                technologies in the United States and 
                                internationally, including in foreign 
                                countries of concern; and
                                    ``(II) consistency with export 
                                controls relating to semiconductors.
                    ``(B) Definition of semiconductor manufacturing.--In 
                this paragraph, the term `semiconductor manufacturing'--

[[Page 136 STAT. 1383]]

                          ``(i) <<NOTE: Consultation.>>  has the meaning 
                      given the term by the Secretary, in consultation 
                      with the Secretary of Defense and the Director of 
                      National Intelligence; and
                          ``(ii) includes front-end semiconductor 
                      fabrication.
                    ``(C) Required agreement.--
                          ``(i) <<NOTE: Time period. China.>>  In 
                      general.--On or before the date on which the 
                      Secretary awards Federal financial assistance to a 
                      covered entity under this section, the covered 
                      entity shall enter into an agreement with the 
                      Secretary specifying that, during the 10-year 
                      period beginning on the date of the award, subject 
                      to clause (ii), the covered entity may not engage 
                      in any significant transaction, as defined in the 
                      agreement, involving the material expansion of 
                      semiconductor manufacturing capacity in the 
                      People's Republic of China or any other foreign 
                      country of concern.
                          ``(ii) Exceptions.--The prohibition in the 
                      agreement required under clause (i) shall not 
                      apply to--
                                    ``(I) existing facilities or 
                                equipment of a covered entity for 
                                manufacturing legacy semiconductors; or
                                    ``(II) significant transactions 
                                involving the material expansion of 
                                semiconductor manufacturing capacity 
                                that--
                                            ``(aa) produces legacy 
                                        semiconductors; and
                                            ``(bb) predominately serves 
                                        the market of a foreign country 
                                        of concern.
                          ``(iii) Affiliated group.--For the purpose of 
                      applying the requirements in an agreement required 
                      under clause (i), a covered entity shall include 
                      the covered entity receiving financial assistance 
                      under this section, as well as any member of the 
                      covered entity's affiliated group under section 
                      1504(a) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, 
                      without regard to section 1504(b)(3) of such Code.
                    ``(D) <<NOTE: China.>>  Notification requirements.--
                During the applicable term of the agreement of a covered 
                entity required under subparagraph (C)(i), the covered 
                entity shall notify the Secretary of any planned 
                significant transactions of the covered entity involving 
                the material expansion of semiconductor manufacturing 
                capacity in the People's Republic of China or any other 
                foreign country of concern.
                    ``(E) Violation of agreement.--
                          ``(i) <<NOTE: Deadline. Consultation.>>  
                      Notification to covered entities.--Not later than 
                      90 days after the date of receipt of a 
                      notification described in subparagraph (D) from a 
                      covered entity, the Secretary, in consultation 
                      with the Secretary of Defense and the Director of 
                      National Intelligence, shall--
                                    ``(I) <<NOTE: Determination.>>  
                                determine whether the significant 
                                transaction described in the 
                                notification would be a violation of the 
                                agreement of the covered entity required 
                                under subparagraph (C)(i); and
                                    ``(II) notify the covered entity of 
                                the Secretary's decision under subclause 
                                (I).
                          ``(ii) Opportunity to remedy.--Upon a 
                      notification under clause (i)(II) that a planned 
                      significant

[[Page 136 STAT. 1384]]

                      transaction of a covered entity is a violation of 
                      the agreement of the covered entity required under 
                      subparagraph (C)(i), the Secretary shall--
                                    ``(I) immediately request from the 
                                covered entity tangible proof that the 
                                planned significant transaction has 
                                ceased or been abandoned; and
                                    ``(II) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  
                                provide the covered entity 45 days to 
                                produce and provide to the Secretary the 
                                tangible proof described in subclause 
                                (I).
                          ``(iii) Failure by the covered entity to cease 
                      or remedy the activity.--Subject to clause (iv), 
                      if a covered entity fails to remedy a violation as 
                      set forth under clause (ii), the Secretary shall 
                      recover the full amount of the Federal financial 
                      assistance provided to the covered entity under 
                      this section.
                          ``(iv) <<NOTE: Consultation. Determination.>>  
                      Mitigation.--If the Secretary, in consultation 
                      with the Secretary of Defense and the Director of 
                      National Intelligence, determines that a covered 
                      entity planning a significant transaction that 
                      would violate the agreement required under 
                      subparagraph (C)(i) could take measures in 
                      connection with the transaction to mitigate any 
                      risk to national security, the Secretary--
                                    ``(I) may negotiate, enter into, and 
                                enforce any agreement or condition for 
                                the mitigation; and,
                                    ``(II) <<NOTE: Waiver authority.>>  
                                waive the recovery requirement under 
                                clause (iii).
                    ``(F) Submission of records.--
                          ``(i) <<NOTE: Review. Compliance.>>  In 
                      general.--The Secretary may request from a covered 
                      entity records and other necessary information to 
                      review the compliance of the covered entity with 
                      the agreement required under subparagraph (C)(i).
                          ``(ii) Eligibility.--In order to be eligible 
                      for Federal financial assistance under this 
                      section, a covered entity shall agree to provide 
                      records and other necessary information requested 
                      by the Secretary under clause (i).
                    ``(G) Confidentiality of records.--
                          ``(i) In general.--Subject to clause (ii), any 
                      information derived from records or necessary 
                      information disclosed by a covered entity to the 
                      Secretary under this section--
                                    ``(I) shall be exempt from 
                                disclosure under section 552(b)(3) of 
                                title 5, United States Code; and
                                    ``(II) shall not be made public.
                          ``(ii) Exceptions.--Clause (i) shall not 
                      prevent the disclosure of any of the following by 
                      the Secretary:
                                    ``(I) Information relevant to any 
                                administrative or judicial action or 
                                proceeding.
                                    ``(II) Information that a covered 
                                entity has consented to be disclosed to 
                                third parties.
                                    ``(III) Information necessary to 
                                fulfill the requirement of the 
                                congressional notification under 
                                subparagraph (H).
                    ``(H) <<NOTE: Deadline.>>  Congressional 
                notification.--Not later than 60 days after the date on 
                which the Secretary finds a violation

[[Page 136 STAT. 1385]]

                by a covered entity of an agreement required under 
                subparagraph (C)(i), and after providing the covered 
                entity with an opportunity to provide information in 
                response to that finding, the Secretary shall provide to 
                the appropriate Committees of Congress--
                          ``(i) a notification of the violation;
                          ``(ii) a brief description of how the 
                      Secretary determined the covered entity to be in 
                      violation; and
                          ``(iii) <<NOTE: Summary.>>  a summary of any 
                      actions or planned actions by the Secretary in 
                      response to the violation.
                    ``(I) Regulations.--The Secretary may issue 
                regulations implementing this paragraph.''; and
            (6) by adding at the end the following:

    ``(d) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that, in 
carrying out subsection (a), the Secretary should allocate funds in a 
manner that--
            ``(1) strengthens the security and resilience of the 
        semiconductor supply chain, including by mitigating gaps and 
        vulnerabilities;
            ``(2) provides a supply of secure semiconductors relevant 
        for national security;
            ``(3) strengthens the leadership of the United States in 
        semiconductor technology;
            ``(4) grows the economy of the United States and supports 
        job creation in the United States;
            ``(5) bolsters the semiconductor and skilled technical 
        workforces in the United States;
            ``(6) promotes the inclusion of economically disadvantaged 
        individuals and small businesses; and
            ``(7) improves the resiliency of the semiconductor supply 
        chains of critical manufacturing industries.

    ``(e) Additional Assistance for Mature Technology Nodes.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall establish within the 
        program established under subsection (a) an additional program 
        that provides Federal financial assistance to covered entities 
        to incentivize investment in facilities and equipment in the 
        United States for the fabrication, assembly, testing, or 
        packaging of semiconductors at mature technology nodes.
            ``(2) Eligibility and requirements.--In order for an entity 
        to qualify to receive Federal financial assistance under this 
        subsection, the covered entity shall agree to--
                    ``(A) submit an application under subsection 
                (a)(2)(A);
                    ``(B) meet the eligibility requirements under 
                subsection (a)(2)(B);
                    ``(C)(i) provide equipment or materials for the 
                fabrication, assembly, testing, or packaging of 
                semiconductors at mature technology nodes in the United 
                States; or
                    ``(ii) fabricate, assemble using packaging, or test 
                semiconductors at mature technology nodes in the United 
                States;
                    ``(D) commit to using any Federal financial 
                assistance received under this section to increase the 
                production of semiconductors at mature technology nodes; 
                and
                    ``(E) be subject to the considerations described in 
                subsection (a)(2)(C).

[[Page 136 STAT. 1386]]

            ``(3) Procedures.--In granting Federal financial assistance 
        to covered entities under this subsection, the Secretary may use 
        the procedures established under subsection (a).
            ``(4) Considerations.--In addition to the considerations 
        described in subsection (a)(2)(C), in granting Federal financial 
        assistance under this subsection, the Secretary may consider 
        whether a covered entity produces or supplies equipment or 
        materials used in the fabrication, assembly, testing, or 
        packaging of semiconductors at mature technology nodes that are 
        necessary to support a critical manufacturing industry.
            ``(5) Priority.--In awarding Federal financial assistance to 
        covered entities under this subsection, the Secretary shall give 
        priority to covered entities that support the resiliency of 
        semiconductor supply chains for critical manufacturing 
        industries in the United States.
            ``(6) Authorization of appropriations.--There are authorized 
        to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out this subsection 
        $2,000,000,000, which shall remain available until expended.

    ``(f) <<NOTE: Applicability.>>  Construction Projects.--Section 602 
of the Public Works and Economic Development Act of 1965 (42 U.S.C. 
3212) shall apply to a construction project that receives financial 
assistance from the Secretary under this section.

    ``(g) Loans and Loan Guarantees.--
            ``(1) In general.--Subject to the requirements of subsection 
        (a) and this subsection, the Secretary may make or guarantee 
        loans to covered entities as financial assistance under this 
        section.
            ``(2) <<NOTE: Determination.>>  Conditions.--The Secretary 
        may select eligible projects to receive loans or loan guarantees 
        under this subsection if the Secretary determines that--
                    ``(A) the covered entity--
                          ``(i) has a reasonable prospect of repaying 
                      the principal and interest on the loan; and
                          ``(ii) has met such other criteria as may be 
                      established and published by the Secretary; and
                    ``(B) the amount of the loan (when combined with 
                amounts available to the loan recipient from other 
                sources) will be sufficient to carry out the project.
            ``(3) <<NOTE: Evaluations.>>  Reasonable prospect of 
        repayment.--The Secretary shall base a determination of whether 
        there is a reasonable prospect of repayment of the principal and 
        interest on a loan under paragraph (2)(A)(i) on a comprehensive 
        evaluation of whether the covered entity has a reasonable 
        prospect of repaying the principal and interest, including, as 
        applicable, an evaluation of--
                    ``(A) the strength of the contractual terms of the 
                project the covered entity plans to perform (if 
                commercially reasonably available);
                    ``(B) the forecast of noncontractual cash flows 
                supported by market projections from reputable sources, 
                as determined by the Secretary;
                    ``(C) cash sweeps and other structure enhancements;
                    ``(D) the projected financial strength of the 
                covered entity--
                          ``(i) at the time of loan close; and

[[Page 136 STAT. 1387]]

                          ``(ii) throughout the loan term after the 
                      project is completed;
                    ``(E) the financial strength of the investors and 
                strategic partners of the covered entity, if applicable;
                    ``(F) other financial metrics and analyses that the 
                private lending community and nationally recognized 
                credit rating agencies rely on, as determined 
                appropriate by the Secretary; and
                    ``(G) such other criteria the Secretary may 
                determine relevant.
            ``(4) Rates, terms, and repayments of loans.--A loan 
        provided under this subsection--
                    ``(A) shall have an interest rate that does not 
                exceed a level that the Secretary determines 
                appropriate, taking into account, as of the date on 
                which the loan is made, the cost of funds to the 
                Department of the Treasury for obligations of comparable 
                maturity; and
                    ``(B) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  shall have a term of 
                not more than 25 years.
            ``(5) Additional terms.--A loan or guarantee provided under 
        this subsection may include any other terms and conditions that 
        the Secretary determines to be appropriate.
            ``(6) <<NOTE: Determination.>>  Responsible lender.--No loan 
        may be guaranteed under this subsection, unless the Secretary 
        determines that--
                    ``(A) the lender is responsible; and
                    ``(B) adequate provision is made for servicing the 
                loan on reasonable terms and protecting the financial 
                interest of the United States.
            ``(7) Advanced budget authority.--New loans may not be 
        obligated and new loan guarantees may not be committed to under 
        this subsection, unless appropriations of budget authority to 
        cover the costs of such loans and loan guarantees are made in 
        advance in accordance with section 504(b) of the Federal Credit 
        Reform Act of 1990 (2 U.S.C. 661c(b)).
            ``(8) Continued oversight.--The loan agreement for a loan 
        guaranteed under this subsection shall provide that no provision 
        of the loan agreement may be amended of waived without the 
        consent of the Secretary.

    ``(h) <<NOTE: Deadline. Audit. Assessments.>>  Oversight.--Not later 
than 4 years after disbursement of the first financial award under 
subsection (a), the Inspector General of the Department of Commerce 
shall audit the program under this section to assess--
            ``(1) whether the eligibility requirements for covered 
        entities receiving financial assistance under the program are 
        met;
            ``(2) whether eligible entities use the financial assistance 
        received under the program in accordance with the requirements 
        of this section;
            ``(3) whether the covered entities receiving financial 
        assistance under this program have carried out the commitments 
        made to worker and community investment under subsection 
        (a)(2)(B)(ii)(II) by the target date for completion set by the 
        Secretary under subsection (a)(5)(A);
            ``(4) whether the required agreement entered into by covered 
        entities and the Secretary under subsection (a)(6)(C)(i), 
        including the notification process, has been carried out to 
        provide covered entities sufficient guidance about a violation 
        of the required agreement;

[[Page 136 STAT. 1388]]

            ``(5) whether the Secretary has provided timely 
        Congressional notification about violations of the required 
        agreement under subsection (a)(6)(C)(i), including the required 
        information on how the Secretary reached a determination of 
        whether a covered entity was in violation under subsection 
        (a)(6)(E); and
            ``(6) whether the Secretary has sufficiently reviewed any 
        covered entity engaging in a listed exception under subsection 
        (a)(6)(C)(ii).

    ``(i) Prohibition on Use of Funds.--No funds made available under 
this section may be used to construct, modify, or improve a facility 
outside of the United States.''.
    (c) Advanced Microelectronics Research and Development.--Section 
9906 of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization 
Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (15 U.S.C. 4656) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)(3)(A)(ii)--
                    (A) in subclause (II), by inserting ``, including 
                for technologies based on organic and inorganic 
                materials'' after ``components''; and
                    (B) in subclause (V), by striking ``and supply chain 
                integrity'' and inserting ``supply chain integrity, and 
                workforce development'';
            (2) in subsection (c)--
                    (A) in paragraph (1)--
                          (i) by inserting ``and grow the domestic 
                      semiconductor workforce'' after ``prototyping of 
                      advanced semiconductor technology''; and
                          (ii) by adding at the end the following: ``The 
                      Secretary may make financial assistance awards, 
                      including construction awards, in support of the 
                      national semiconductor technology center.''; and
                    (B) in paragraph (2)--
                          (i) in subparagraph (B), by inserting ``and 
                      capitalize'' before ``an investment fund''; and
                          (ii) by striking subparagraph (C) and 
                      inserting the following:
                    ``(C) To work with the Secretary of Labor, the 
                Director of the National Science Foundation, the 
                Secretary of Energy, the private sector, institutions of 
                higher education, and workforce training entities to 
                incentivize and expand geographically diverse 
                participation in graduate, undergraduate, and community 
                college programs relevant to microelectronics, including 
                through--
                          ``(i) the development and dissemination of 
                      curricula and research training experiences; and
                          ``(ii) the development of workforce training 
                      programs and apprenticeships in advanced 
                      microelectronic design, research, fabrication, and 
                      packaging capabilities.'';
            (3) in subsection (d)--
                    (A) by striking ``the Manufacturing USA institute'' 
                and inserting ``a Manufacturing USA institute''; and
                    (B) by adding at the end the following: ``The 
                Director may make financial assistance awards, including 
                construction awards, in support of the National Advanced 
                Packaging Manufacturing Program.'';
            (4) in subsection (f)--

[[Page 136 STAT. 1389]]

                    (A) in the matter preceding paragraph (1)--
                          (i) by striking ``a Manufacturing USA 
                      Institute'' and inserting ``not more than 3 
                      Manufacturing USA Institutes'';
                          (ii) by striking ``is focused on semiconductor 
                      manufacturing.'' and inserting ``are focused on 
                      semiconductor manufacturing. The Secretary of 
                      Commerce may award financial assistance to any 
                      Manufacturing USA Institute for work relating to 
                      semiconductor manufacturing.''; and
                          (iii) by striking ``Such institute may 
                      emphasize'' and inserting ``Such institutes may 
                      emphasize''; and
            (5) by adding at the end the following:

    ``(h) <<NOTE: Applicability.>>  Construction Projects.--Section 602 
of the Public Works and Economic Development Act of 1965 (42 U.S.C. 
3212) shall apply to a construction project that receives financial 
assistance under this section.''.

    (d) Additional Authorities.--Division H of title XCIX of the William 
M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 
2021 (15 U.S.C. 4651 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the 
following:
``SEC. 9909. <<NOTE: 15 USC 4659.>>  ADDITIONAL AUTHORITIES.

    ``(a) In General.--In carrying out the responsibilities of the 
Department of Commerce under this division, the Secretary may--
            ``(1) <<NOTE: Contracts. Grants.>>  enter into agreements, 
        including contracts, grants and cooperative agreements, and 
        other transactions as may be necessary and on such terms as the 
        Secretary considers appropriate;
            ``(2) <<NOTE: Payments.>>  make advance payments under 
        agreements and other transactions authorized under paragraph (1) 
        without regard to section 3324 of title 31, United States Code;
            ``(3) <<NOTE: Requirement.>>  require a person or other 
        entity to make payments to the Department of Commerce upon 
        application and as a condition for receiving support through an 
        award of assistance or other transaction;
            ``(4) <<NOTE: Contracts.>>  procure temporary and 
        intermittent services of experts and consultants in accordance 
        with section 3109 of title 5, United States Code;
            ``(5) <<NOTE: Determinations. Appointments.>>  
        notwithstanding section 3104 of title 5, United States Code, or 
        the provisions of any other law relating to the appointment, 
        number, classification, or compensation of employees, make 
        appointments of scientific, engineering, and professional 
        personnel, and fix the basic pay of such personnel at a rate to 
        be determined by the Secretary at rates not in excess of the 
        highest total annual compensation payable at the rate determined 
        under section 104 of title 3, United States Code, except that 
        the Secretary shall appoint not more than 25 personnel under 
        this paragraph;
            ``(6) <<NOTE: Contracts.>>  with the consent of another 
        Federal agency, enter into an agreement with that Federal agency 
        to use, with or without reimbursement, any service, equipment, 
        personnel, or facility of that Federal agency; and
            ``(7) establish such rules, regulations, and procedures as 
        the Secretary considers appropriate.

    ``(b) Requirement.--Any funds received from a payment made by a 
person or entity pursuant to subsection (a)(3) shall be credited

[[Page 136 STAT. 1390]]

to and merged with the account from which support to the person or 
entity was made''.
    (e) Conforming Amendment.--The table of contents for division H of 
title XCIX of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense 
Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (Public Law 116-283) is 
amended <<NOTE: 134 Stat. 4843.>>  by adding after the item relating to 
section 9908 the following:

``9909. Additional authorities.''.

SEC. 104. <<NOTE: 15 USC 4652 note. Deadline.>>  OPPORTUNITY AND 
                        INCLUSION.

    (a) Establishment.--Not later than 180 days after the date of 
enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Commerce shall establish 
activities in the Department of Commerce, within the program established 
under section 9902 of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense 
Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (15 U.S.C. 4652), to carry out 
this section using funds appropriated under this Act.
    (b) <<NOTE: Coordination.>>  In General.--The Secretary of Commerce 
shall assign personnel to lead and support the activities carried out 
under this section, including coordination with other workforce 
development activities of the Department of Commerce or of Federal 
agencies, as defined in section 551 of title 5, United States Code, as 
appropriate.

    (c) Activities.--Personnel assigned by the Secretary to carry out 
the activities under this section shall--
            (1) <<NOTE: Assessment.>>  assess the eligibility of a 
        covered entity, as defined in section 9901 of the William M. 
        (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal 
        Year 2021 (15 U.S.C. 4651), for financial assistance for a 
        project with respect to the requirements under subclauses (II) 
        and (III) of section 9902(a)(2)(B)(ii) of the William M. (Mac) 
        Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 
        2021 (15 U.S.C. 4652(a)(2)(B)(ii)(II) and (III));
            (2) ensure that each covered entity, as defined in section 
        9901 of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense 
        Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (15 U.S.C. 4651),that is 
        awarded financial assistance under section 9902 of that Act (15 
        U.S.C. 4652) is carrying out the commitments of the covered 
        entity to economically disadvantaged individuals as described in 
        the application of the covered entity under that section by the 
        target dates for completion established by the Secretary of 
        Commerce under subsection(a)(5)(A) of that section; and
            (3) increase participation of and outreach to economically 
        disadvantaged individuals, minority-owned businesses, veteran-
        owned businesses, and women-owned businesses, as defined by the 
        Secretary of Commerce, respectively, in the geographic area of a 
        project under section 9902 of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry 
        National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (15 
        U.S.C. 4652) and serve as a resource for those individuals, 
        businesses, and covered entities.

    (d) Staff.--The activities under this section shall be staffed at 
the appropriate levels to carry out the functions and responsibilities 
under this section until 95 percent of the amounts of funds made 
available for the program established under section 9902 of the William 
M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 
2021 (15 U.S.C. 4652) have been expended.

[[Page 136 STAT. 1391]]

    (e) <<NOTE: Effective date. Public information. Web posting.>>  
Report.--Beginning on the date that is 1 year after the date on which 
the Secretary of Commerce establishes the activities described in 
subsection (c), the Secretary of Commerce shall submit to the 
appropriate committees of Congress, as defined in section 9901(1) of the 
William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for 
Fiscal Year 2021 (15 U.S.C. 4651), and make publicly available on the 
website of the Department of Commerce an annual report regarding the 
actions taken by the Department of Commerce under this section.
SEC. 105. ADDITIONAL GAO REPORTING REQUIREMENTS.

    (a) NDAA.--Section 9902(c) of William M. (Mac) Thornberry National 
Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (15 U.S.C. 4652(c)) is 
amended--
            (1) in paragraph (1)--
                    (A) in subparagraph (B)--
                          (i) in clause (i), by striking ``; and'' and 
                      inserting a semicolon; and
                          (ii) by adding at the end the following:
                          ``(iii) the Federal Government could take 
                      specific actions to address shortages in the 
                      semiconductor supply chain, including--
                                    ``(I) demand-side incentives, 
                                including incentives related to the 
                                information and communications 
                                technology supply chain; and
                                    ``(II) additional incentives, at 
                                national and global scales, to 
                                accelerate utilization of leading-edge 
                                semiconductor nodes to address shortages 
                                in mature semiconductor nodes; and''; 
                                and
                    (B) in subparagraph (C)--
                          (i) in clause (iii), by striking ``; and'' and 
                      inserting a semicolon; and
                          (ii) by inserting after clause (iv) the 
                      following:
                          ``(v) how projects are supporting the 
                      semiconductor needs of critical infrastructure 
                      industries in the United States, including those 
                      industries designated by the Cybersecurity and 
                      Infrastructure Security Agency as essential 
                      infrastructure industries; and''; and
            (2) by inserting after paragraph (1)(C)(iv) the following:
                    ``(D) drawing on data made available by the 
                Department of Labor or other sources, to the extent 
                practicable, an analysis of--
                          ``(i) semiconductor industry data regarding 
                      businesses that are--
                                    ``(I) majority owned and controlled 
                                by minority individuals;
                                    ``(II) majority owned and controlled 
                                by women; or
                                    ``(III) majority owned and 
                                controlled by both women and minority 
                                individuals;
                          ``(ii) the number and amount of contracts and 
                      subcontracts awarded by each covered entity using 
                      funds made available under subsection (a) 
                      disaggregated by recipients of each such contract 
                      or subcontracts that are majority owned and 
                      controlled by minority individuals and majority 
                      owned and controlled by women; and

[[Page 136 STAT. 1392]]

                          ``(iii) aggregated workforce data, including 
                      data by race or ethnicity, sex, and job 
                      categories.''.

    (b) Department of Defense.--Section 9202(a)(1)(G)(ii)(I) of the 
William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for 
Fiscal Year 2021 (47 U.S.C. 906(a)(1)(G)(ii)(I)) is amended by inserting 
``(including whether recipients are majority owned and controlled by 
minority individuals and majority owned and controlled by women)'' after 
``to whom''.
SEC. 106. APPROPRIATIONS FOR WIRELESS SUPPLY CHAIN INNOVATION.

    (a) Direct Appropriations.--In addition to amounts otherwise 
available for such purposes, there is appropriated to the Public 
Wireless Supply Chain Innovation Fund established under section 
9202(a)(1) of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense 
Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (15 U.S.C. 4652(a)(1)), out of 
amounts in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated--
            (1) $150,000,000 for fiscal year 2022, to remain available 
        until September 30, 2031; and
            (2) $1,350,000,000 for fiscal year 2023, to remain available 
        until September 30, 2032.

    (b) Use of Funds, Administration, and Oversight.--Of the amounts 
made available under subsection (a)--
            (1) not more than 5 percent of the amounts allocated 
        pursuant to subsection (c) in a given fiscal year may be used by 
        the Assistant Secretary of Commerce for Communications and 
        Information to administer the programs funded from the Public 
        Wireless Supply Chain Innovation Fund; and
            (2) <<NOTE: Transfer authority.>>  not less than $2,000,000 
        per fiscal year shall be transferred to the Office of Inspector 
        General of the Department of Commerce for oversight related to 
        activities conducted using amounts provided under this section.

    (c) Allocation Authority.--
            (1) <<NOTE: President. Time periods.>>  Submission of cost 
        estimates.--The President shall submit to Congress detailed 
        account, program, and project allocations of the amount 
        recommended for allocation in a fiscal year from amounts made 
        available under subsection (a)--
                    (A) <<NOTE: Deadline.>>  for fiscal years 2022 and 
                2023, not later than 60 days after the date of enactment 
                of this Act; and
                    (B) for each subsequent fiscal year through 2032, as 
                part of the annual budget submission of the President 
                under section 1105(a) of title 31, United States Code.
            (2) Alternate allocation.--
                    (A) In general.--The Committees on Appropriations of 
                the House of Representatives and the Senate may provide 
                for alternate allocation of amounts recommended for 
                allocation in a given fiscal year from amounts made 
                available under subsection (a), including by account, 
                program, and project.
                    (B) Allocation by president.--
                          (i) No alternate allocations.--If Congress has 
                      not enacted legislation establishing alternate 
                      allocations, including by account, program, and 
                      project, by the date on which the Act making full-
                      year appropriations for the Departments of 
                      Commerce and Justice, Science, and Related 
                      Agencies for the applicable fiscal

[[Page 136 STAT. 1393]]

                      year is enacted into law, only then shall amounts 
                      recommended for allocation for that fiscal year 
                      from amounts made available under subsection (a) 
                      be allocated by the President or apportioned or 
                      allotted by account, program, and project pursuant 
                      to title 31, United States Code.
                          (ii) Insufficient alternate allocation.--If 
                      Congress enacts legislation establishing alternate 
                      allocations, including by account, program, and 
                      project, for amounts recommended for allocation in 
                      a given fiscal year from amounts made available 
                      under subsection (a) that are less than the full 
                      amount recommended for allocation for that fiscal 
                      year, the difference between the amount 
                      recommended for allocation and the alternate 
                      allocation shall be allocated by the President and 
                      apportioned and allotted by account, program, and 
                      project pursuant to title 31, United States Code.

    (d) Sequestration.--Section 255(g)(1)(A) of the Balanced Budget and 
Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985 (2 U.S.C. 905(g)(1)(A)) is amended 
by inserting after ``Postal Service Fund (18-4020-0-3-372).'' the 
following:
                          ``Public Wireless Supply Chain Innovation 
                      Fund.''.

    (e) Budgetary Effects.--
            (1) Statutory paygo scorecards.--The budgetary effects of 
        this section shall not be entered on either PAYGO scorecard 
        maintained pursuant to section 4(d) of the Statutory Pay-As-You-
        Go Act of 2010.
            (2) Senate paygo scorecards.--The budgetary effects of this 
        section shall not be entered on any PAYGO scorecard maintained 
        for purposes of section 4106 of H. Con. Res. 71 (115th 
        Congress).
            (3) Classification of budgetary effects.--Notwithstanding 
        Rule 3 of the Budget Scorekeeping Guidelines set forth in the 
        joint explanatory statement of the committee of conference 
        accompanying Conference Report 105-217 and section 250(c)(8) of 
        the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985, 
        the budgetary effects of this section shall not be estimated--
                    (A) for purposes of section 251 of such Act;
                    (B) for purposes of an allocation to the Committee 
                on Appropriations pursuant to section 302(a) of the 
                Congressional Budget Act of 1974; and
                    (C) for purposes of paragraph (4)(C) of section 3 of 
                the Statutory Pay-As-You-Go Act of 2010 as being 
                included in an appropriation Act.
SEC. 107. ADVANCED MANUFACTURING INVESTMENT CREDIT.

    (a) In General.--Subpart E of part IV of subchapter A of chapter 1 
of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended by inserting after 
section 48C the following new section:
``SEC. 48D. <<NOTE: 26 USC 48D.>>  ADVANCED MANUFACTURING 
                        INVESTMENT CREDIT.

    ``(a) Establishment of Credit.--For purposes of section 46, the 
advanced manufacturing investment credit for any taxable year is an 
amount equal to 25 percent of the qualified investment for such taxable 
year with respect to any advanced manufacturing facility of an eligible 
taxpayer.
    ``(b) Qualified Investment.--

[[Page 136 STAT. 1394]]

            ``(1) In general.--For purposes of subsection (a), the 
        qualified investment with respect to any advanced manufacturing 
        facility for any taxable year is the basis of any qualified 
        property placed in service by the taxpayer during such taxable 
        year which is part of an advanced manufacturing facility.
            ``(2) <<NOTE: Definitions.>>  Qualified property.--
                    ``(A) In general.--For purposes of this subsection, 
                the term `qualified property' means property--
                          ``(i) which is tangible property,
                          ``(ii) with respect to which depreciation (or 
                      amortization in lieu of depreciation) is 
                      allowable,
                          ``(iii) which is--
                                    ``(I) constructed, reconstructed, or 
                                erected by the taxpayer, or
                                    ``(II) acquired by the taxpayer if 
                                the original use of such property 
                                commences with the taxpayer, and
                          ``(iv) which is integral to the operation of 
                      the advanced manufacturing facility.
                    ``(B) Buildings and structural components.--
                          ``(i) In general.--The term `qualified 
                      property' includes any building or its structural 
                      components which otherwise satisfy the 
                      requirements under subparagraph (A).
                          ``(ii) Exception.--Clause (i) shall not apply 
                      with respect to a building or portion of a 
                      building used for offices, administrative 
                      services, or other functions unrelated to 
                      manufacturing.
            ``(3) <<NOTE: Definition.>>  Advanced manufacturing 
        facility.--For purposes of this section, the term `advanced 
        manufacturing facility' means a facility for which the primary 
        purpose is the manufacturing of semiconductors or semiconductor 
        manufacturing equipment.
            ``(4) Coordination with rehabilitation credit.--The 
        qualified investment with respect to any advanced manufacturing 
        facility for any taxable year shall not include that portion of 
        the basis of any property which is attributable to qualified 
        rehabilitation expenditures (as defined in section 47(c)(2)).
            ``(5) Certain progress expenditure rules made applicable.--
        Rules similar to the rules of subsections (c)(4) and (d) of 
        section 46 (as in effect on the day before the date of the 
        enactment of the Revenue Reconciliation Act of 1990) shall apply 
        for purposes of subsection (a).

    ``(c) <<NOTE: Definition.>>  Eligible Taxpayer.--For purposes of 
this section, the term `eligible taxpayer' means any taxpayer which--
            ``(1) is not a foreign entity of concern (as defined in 
        section 9901(6) of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National 
        Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021), and
            ``(2) has not made an applicable transaction (as defined in 
        section 50(a)) during the taxable year.

    ``(d) Elective Payment.--
            ``(1) In general.--Except as otherwise provided in paragraph 
        (2)(A), in the case of a taxpayer making an election (at such 
        time and in such manner as the Secretary may provide) under this 
        subsection with respect to the credit determined under 
        subsection (a) with respect to such taxpayer, such taxpayer 
        shall be treated as making a payment against the tax

[[Page 136 STAT. 1395]]

        imposed by subtitle A (for the taxable year with respect to 
        which such credit was determined) equal to the amount of such 
        credit.
            ``(2) Special rules.--For purposes of this subsection--
                    ``(A) Application to partnerships and s 
                corporations.--
                          ``(i) In general.--In the case of the credit 
                      determined under subsection (a) with respect to 
                      any property held directly by a partnership or S 
                      corporation, any election under paragraph (1) 
                      shall be made by such partnership or S 
                      corporation. If such partnership or S corporation 
                      makes an election under such paragraph (in such 
                      manner as the Secretary may provide) with respect 
                      to such credit--
                                    ``(I) <<NOTE: Payment.>>  the 
                                Secretary shall make a payment to such 
                                partnership or S corporation equal to 
                                the amount of such credit,
                                    ``(II) <<NOTE: Applicability.>>  
                                paragraph (3) shall be applied with 
                                respect to such credit before 
                                determining any partner's distributive 
                                share, or shareholder's pro rata share, 
                                of such credit,
                                    ``(III) any amount with respect to 
                                which the election in paragraph (1) is 
                                made shall be treated as tax exempt 
                                income for purposes of sections 705 and 
                                1366, and
                                    ``(IV) a partner's distributive 
                                share of such tax exempt income shall be 
                                based on such partner's distributive 
                                share of the otherwise applicable credit 
                                for each taxable year.
                          ``(ii) Coordination with application at 
                      partner or shareholder level.--In the case of any 
                      property held directly by a partnership or S 
                      corporation, no election by any partner or 
                      shareholder shall be allowed under paragraph (1) 
                      with respect to any credit determined under 
                      subsection (a) with respect to such property.
                    ``(B) <<NOTE: Deadline. Time period.>>  Elections.--
                Any election under paragraph (1) shall be made not later 
                than the due date (including extensions of time) for the 
                return of tax for the taxable year for which the 
                election is made, but in no event earlier than 270 days 
                after the date of the enactment of this section. Any 
                such election, once made, shall be irrevocable. Except 
                as otherwise provided <<NOTE: Applicability.>>  in this 
                subparagraph, any election under paragraph (1) shall 
                apply with respect to any credit for the taxable year 
                for which the election is made.
                    ``(C) Timing.--The payment described in paragraph 
                (1) shall be treated as made on the later of the due 
                date (determined without regard to extensions) of the 
                return of tax for the taxable year or the date on which 
                such return is filed.
                    ``(D) Treatment of payments to partnerships and s 
                corporations.--For purposes of section 1324 of title 31, 
                United States Code, the payments under subparagraph 
                (A)(i)(I) shall be treated in the same manner as a 
                refund due from a credit provision referred to in 
                subsection (b)(2) of such section.

[[Page 136 STAT. 1396]]

                    ``(E) Additional information.--As a condition of, 
                and prior to, any amount being treated as a payment 
                which is made by the taxpayer under paragraph (1) or any 
                payment being made pursuant to subparagraph (A), the 
                Secretary may require such information or registration 
                as the Secretary deems necessary or appropriate for 
                purposes of preventing duplication, fraud, improper 
                payments, or excessive payments under this section.
                    ``(F) Excessive payment.--
                          ``(i) In general.--In the case of any amount 
                      treated as a payment which is made by the taxpayer 
                      under paragraph (1), or any payment made pursuant 
                      to subparagraph (A), which the Secretary 
                      determines constitutes an excessive payment, the 
                      tax imposed on such taxpayer by chapter 1 for the 
                      taxable year in which such determination is made 
                      shall be increased by an amount equal to the sum 
                      of--
                                    ``(I) the amount of such excessive 
                                payment, plus
                                    ``(II) an amount equal to 20 percent 
                                of such excessive payment.
                          ``(ii) Reasonable cause.--Clause (i)(II) shall 
                      not apply if the taxpayer demonstrates to the 
                      satisfaction of the Secretary that the excessive 
                      payment resulted from reasonable cause.
                          ``(iii) Excessive payment defined.--For 
                      purposes of this subparagraph, the term `excessive 
                      payment' means, with respect to property for which 
                      an election is made under this subsection for any 
                      taxable year, an amount equal to the excess of--
                                    ``(I) the amount treated as a 
                                payment which is made by the taxpayer 
                                under paragraph (1), or the amount of 
                                the payment made pursuant to 
                                subparagraph (A), with respect to such 
                                property for such taxable year, over
                                    ``(II) the amount of the credit 
                                which, without application of this 
                                subsection, would be otherwise allowable 
                                (determined without regard to section 
                                38(c)) under subsection (a) with respect 
                                to such property for such taxable year.
            ``(3) Denial of double benefit.--In the case of a taxpayer 
        making an election under this subsection with respect to the 
        credit determined under subsection (a), such credit shall be 
        reduced to zero and shall, for any other purposes under this 
        title, be deemed to have been allowed to the taxpayer for such 
        taxable year.
            ``(4) Mirror code possessions.--In the case of any 
        possession of the United States with a mirror code tax system 
        (as defined in section 24(k)), this subsection shall not be 
        treated as part of the income tax laws of the United States for 
        purposes of determining the income tax law of such possession 
        unless such possession elects to have this subsection be so 
        treated.
            ``(5) <<NOTE: Applicability.>>  Basis reduction and 
        recapture.--Rules similar to the rules of subsections (a) and 
        (c) of section 50 shall apply with respect to--
                    ``(A) any amount treated as a payment which is made 
                by the taxpayer under paragraph (1), and

[[Page 136 STAT. 1397]]

                    ``(B) any payment made pursuant to paragraph (2)(A).
            ``(6) Regulations.--The Secretary shall issue such 
        regulations or other guidance as may be necessary or appropriate 
        to carry out the purposes of this subsection, including--
                    ``(A) regulations or other guidance providing rules 
                for determining a partner's distributive share of the 
                tax exempt income described in paragraph (2)(A)(i)(III), 
                and
                    ``(B) guidance to ensure that the amount of the 
                payment or deemed payment made under this subsection is 
                commensurate with the amount of the credit that would be 
                otherwise allowable (determined without regard to 
                section 38(c)).

    ``(e) Termination of Credit.--The credit allowed under this section 
shall not apply to property the construction of which begins after 
December 31, 2026.''.
    (b) Recapture in Connection With Certain Expansions.--
            (1) In general.--Section 50(a) of the Internal Revenue Code 
        of 1986 <<NOTE: 26 USC 50.>>  is amended redesignating 
        paragraphs (3) through (5) as paragraphs (4) through (6), 
        respectively, and by inserting after paragraph (2) the following 
        new paragraph:
            ``(3) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  Certain expansions in 
        connection with advanced manufacturing facilities.--
                    ``(A) In general.--If there is a an applicable 
                transaction by an applicable taxpayer before the close 
                of the 10-year period beginning on the date such 
                taxpayer placed in service investment credit property 
                which is eligible for the advanced manufacturing 
                investment credit under section 48D(a), then the tax 
                under this chapter for the taxable year in which such 
                transaction occurs shall be increased by 100 percent of 
                the aggregate decrease in the credits allowed under 
                section 38 for all prior taxable years which would have 
                resulted solely from reducing to zero any credit 
                determined under section 46 which is attributable to the 
                advanced manufacturing investment credit under section 
                48D(a) with respect to such property.
                    ``(B) <<NOTE: Deadline.>>  Exception.--Subparagraph 
                (A) shall not apply if the applicable taxpayer 
                demonstrates to the satisfaction of the Secretary that 
                the applicable transaction has been ceased or abandoned 
                within 45 days of a determination and notice by the 
                Secretary.
                    ``(C) <<NOTE: Requirements. Records.>>  Regulations 
                and guidance.--The Secretary shall issue such 
                regulations or other guidance as the Secretary 
                determines necessary or appropriate to carry out the 
                purposes of this paragraph, including regulations or 
                other guidance which provide for requirements for 
                recordkeeping or information reporting for purposes of 
                administering the requirements of this paragraph.''.
            (2) <<NOTE: Definitions.>>  Applicable transaction; 
        applicable taxpayer.--Section 50(a)(6) of the Internal Revenue 
        Code of 1986, as redesignated by paragraph (1), is amended 
        adding at the end the following new subparagraphs:
                    ``(D) Applicable transaction.--For purposes of this 
                subsection--
                          
                      ``(i) <<NOTE: Determination. Coordination. China.>> 
                       In general.--The term `applicable transaction' 
                      means, with respect to any applicable taxpayer, 
                      any significant transaction (as determined by the 
                      Secretary, in coordination with the Secretary of 
                      Commerce and

[[Page 136 STAT. 1398]]

                      the Secretary of Defense) involving the material 
                      expansion of semiconductor manufacturing capacity 
                      of such applicable taxpayer in the People's 
                      Republic of China or a foreign country of concern 
                      (as defined in section 9901(7) of the William M. 
                      (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization 
                      Act for Fiscal Year 2021).
                          ``(ii) Exception.--Such term shall not include 
                      a transaction which primarily involves the 
                      expansion of manufacturing capacity for legacy 
                      semiconductors (as defined in section 9902(a)(6) 
                      of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National 
                      Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021).
                    ``(E) Applicable taxpayer.--For purposes of this 
                subsection, the term `applicable taxpayer' means any 
                taxpayer who has been allowed a credit under section 
                48D(a) for any prior taxable year.''.
            (3) Conforming amendments.--
                    (A) Section 50(a)(4) of the Internal Revenue Code of 
                1986, as redesignated by paragraph (1), is amended--
                          (i) by inserting ``, or any applicable 
                      transaction to which paragraph (3)(A) applies'' 
                      after ``paragraphs (1) and (2)'', and
                          (ii) by inserting ``or applicable 
                      transaction'' after ``such cessation''.
                    (B) Section 50(a)(6)(C) of such Code, as 
                redesignated by paragraph (1), is amended by striking 
                ``paragraph (1) or (2)'' and inserting ``paragraph (1), 
                (2), or (3)''.
                    (C) Section 1371(d)(1) of such Code is amended by 
                striking ``section 50(a)(4)'' and inserting ``section 
                50(a)(5)''.

    (c) Exemption of Elective Payments From Sequestration.--Subsection 
(d) of section 255 of the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control 
Act of 1985 (2 U.S.C. 905) is amended to read as follows:
    ``(d) Refundable Income Tax Credits and Certain Elective Payments.--
            ``(1) Refundable income tax credits.--Payments to 
        individuals made pursuant to provisions of the Internal Revenue 
        Code of 1986 establishing refundable tax credits shall be exempt 
        from reduction under any order issued under this part.
            ``(2) Certain elective payments.--Payments made to taxpayers 
        pursuant to elections under subsection (d) of section 48D of the 
        Internal Revenue Code of 1986, or amounts treated as payments 
        which are made by taxpayers under paragraph (1) of such 
        subsection, shall be exempt from reduction under any order 
        issued under this part.''.

    (d) Conforming Amendments.--
            (1) Paragraph (6) of section 46 of the Internal Revenue Code 
        of 1986 <<NOTE: 26 USC 46.>>  is amended to read as follows:
            ``(6) the advanced manufacturing investment credit.''.
            (2) Section 49(a)(1)(C) of such Code is amended--
                    (A) by striking ``and'' at the end of clause (iv),
                    (B) by striking the period at the end of clause (v) 
                and inserting ``, and'', and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following new clause:
                          ``(vi) the basis of any qualified property (as 
                      defined in subsection (b)(2) of section 48D) which 
                      is part of

[[Page 136 STAT. 1399]]

                      an advanced manufacturing facility (as defined in 
                      subsection (b)(3) of such section).''.
            (3) Section 50(a)(2)(E) of such Code <<NOTE: 26 USC 50.>>  
        is amended by striking ``or 48C(b)(2)'' and inserting 
        ``48C(b)(2), or 48D(b)(5)''.
            (4) The table of sections for subpart E of part IV of 
        subchapter A of chapter 1 of such Code <<NOTE: 26 USC 46 
        prec.>>  is amended by inserting after the item relating to 
        section 48C the following new item:

``Sec. 48D. Advanced manufacturing investment credit.''.

    (e) Budgetary Effects.--
            (1) Statutory paygo scorecards.--The budgetary effects of 
        this section shall not be entered on either PAYGO scorecard 
        maintained pursuant to section 4(d) of the Statutory Pay-As-You-
        Go Act of 2010 (2 U.S.C. 933(d)).
            (2) Senate paygo scorecards.--The budgetary effects of this 
        section shall not be entered on any PAYGO scorecard maintained 
        for purposes of section 4106 of H. Con. Res. 71 (115th 
        Congress).
            (3) Classification of budgetary effects.--Notwithstanding 
        Rule 3 of the Budget Scorekeeping Guidelines set forth in the 
        joint explanatory statement of the committee of conference 
        accompanying Conference Report 105-217 and section 250(c)(8) of 
        the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985, 
        the budgetary effects of this section shall not be estimated--
                    (A) for purposes of section 251 of such Act;
                    (B) for purposes of an allocation to the Committee 
                on Appropriations pursuant to section 302(a) of the 
                Congressional Budget Act of 1974; and
                    (C) for purposes of paragraph (4)(C) of section 3 of 
                the Statutory Pay-As-You-Go Act of 2010 as being 
                included in an appropriation Act.

    (f) <<NOTE: Applicability. 2 USC 905 note.>>  Effective Date.--
            (1) In general.--Except as provided in paragraph (2), the 
        amendments made by this section shall apply to property placed 
        in service after December 31, 2022, and, for any property the 
        construction of which begins prior to January 1, 2023, only to 
        the extent of the basis thereof attributable to the 
        construction, reconstruction, or erection after the date of 
        enactment of this Act.
            (2) Exemption of elective payments from sequestration.--The 
        amendment made by subsection (c) shall apply to any 
        sequestration order issued under the Balanced Budget and 
        Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985 (2 U.S.C. 900 et seq.) on 
        or after December 31, 2022.

 DIVISION <<NOTE: Research and Development, Competition, and Innovation 
Act.>>  B--RESEARCH AND INNOVATION
SEC. 10000. TABLE OF CONTENTS.

    The table of contents for this division is as follows:

                   DIVISION B--RESEARCH AND INNOVATION

Sec. 10000. Table of contents.
Sec. 10001. Short title.
Sec. 10002. Definitions.
Sec. 10003. Budgetary effects.

[[Page 136 STAT. 1400]]

          TITLE I--DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY SCIENCE FOR THE FUTURE

Sec. 10101. Mission of the Office of Science.
Sec. 10102. Basic energy sciences program.
Sec. 10103. Biological and environmental research.
Sec. 10104. Advanced scientific computing research program.
Sec. 10105. Fusion energy research.
Sec. 10106. High energy physics program.
Sec. 10107. Nuclear physics program.
Sec. 10108. Science laboratories infrastructure program.
Sec. 10109. Accelerator research and development.
Sec. 10110. Isotope research, development, and production.
Sec. 10111. Increased collaboration with teachers and scientists.
Sec. 10112. High intensity laser research initiative; helium 
           conservation program; Office of Science emerging biological 
           threat preparedness research initiative; midscale 
           instrumentation and research equipment program; authorization 
           of appropriations.
Sec. 10113. Established program to stimulate competitive research.
Sec. 10114. Research security.

 TITLE II--NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY FOR THE FUTURE

Sec. 10201. Definitions.

               Subtitle A--Authorization of Appropriations

Sec. 10211. Authorization of appropriations.

                    Subtitle B--Measurement Research

Sec. 10221. Engineering biology and biometrology.
Sec. 10222. Greenhouse gas measurement research.
Sec. 10223. NIST authority for cybersecurity and privacy activities.
Sec. 10224. Software security and authentication.
Sec. 10225. Digital identity management research.
Sec. 10226. Biometrics research and testing.
Sec. 10227. Federal biometric performance standards.
Sec. 10228. Protecting research from cybersecurity theft.
Sec. 10229. Dissemination of resources for research institutions.
Sec. 10230. Advanced communications research.
Sec. 10231. Neutron scattering.
Sec. 10232. Artificial intelligence.
Sec. 10233. Sustainable chemistry research and education.
Sec. 10234. Premise plumbing research.
Sec. 10235. Dr. David Satcher Cybersecurity Education Grant Program.

                     Subtitle C--General Activities

Sec. 10241. Educational outreach and support for underrepresented 
           communities.
Sec. 10242. Other transactions authority.
Sec. 10243. Report to Congress on collaborations with government 
           agencies.
Sec. 10244. Hiring critical technical experts.
Sec. 10245. International standards development.
Sec. 10246. Standard technical update.
Sec. 10247. GAO study of NIST research security policies and protocols.
Sec. 10248. Standards development organization grants.

        Subtitle D--Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership

Sec. 10251. Establishment of expansion awards pilot program as a part of 
           the Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership.
Sec. 10252. Update to Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership.
Sec. 10253. National Supply Chain Database.
Sec. 10254. Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership activities.
Sec. 10255. Amendment to the Hollings Manufacturing Extension 
           Partnership relating to institutions of higher education.

                  Subtitle E--Manufacturing USA Program

Sec. 10261. Supporting geographic diversity.
Sec. 10262. Expanding opportunities through the Manufacturing USA 
           Program.
Sec. 10263. Promoting domestic production of technologies developed 
           under Manufacturing USA Program.

          TITLE III--NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION FOR THE FUTURE

                     Subtitle A--Preliminary Matters

Sec. 10301. Sense of Congress.

[[Page 136 STAT. 1401]]

Sec. 10302. Definitions.
Sec. 10303. Authorization of appropriations.

                       Subtitle B--STEM Education

Sec. 10311. PreK-12 STEM education.
Sec. 10312. Undergraduate STEM education.
Sec. 10313. Graduate STEM education.
Sec. 10314. STEM workforce data.
Sec. 10315. Cyber workforce development research and development.
Sec. 10316. Federal cyber scholarship-for-service program.
Sec. 10317. Cybersecurity workforce data initiative.
Sec. 10318. Microelectronics workforce development activities.
Sec. 10319. Incorporation of art and design into certain STEM education.
Sec. 10320. Mandatory cost-sharing.
Sec. 10321. Programs to address the STEM workforce.

                  Subtitle C--Broadening Participation

Sec. 10321. Presidential awards for excellence in mathematics and 
           science.
Sec. 10322. Robert Noyce Teacher Scholarship program update.
Sec. 10323. NSF Eddie Bernice Johnson INCLUDES Initiative.
Sec. 10324. Broadening participation on major facilities awards.
Sec. 10325. Expanding geographic and institutional diversity in 
           research.
Sec. 10326. Diversity in tech research.
Sec. 10327. Chief Diversity Officer of the NSF.
Sec. 10328. Research and dissemination to increase the participation of 
           women and underrepresented minorities in STEM fields.
Sec. 10329. Activities to expand STEM opportunities.
Sec. 10330. Intramural emerging research institutions pilot program.

                    Subtitle D--NSF Research Security

Sec. 10331. Office of Research Security and Policy.
Sec. 10332. Chief of Research Security.
Sec. 10333. Reporting to Congress.
Sec. 10334. Online resource.
Sec. 10335. Research awards.
Sec. 10336. Authorities.
Sec. 10337. Responsible conduct in research training.
Sec. 10338. Research security and integrity information sharing analysis 
           organization.
Sec. 10339. Plan with respect to controlled information and background 
           screening.
Sec. 10339A. Foundation funding to institutions hosting or supporting 
           Confucius Institutes.
Sec. 10339B. Foreign financial support.
Sec. 10339C. Authorization of appropriations.

                    Subtitle E--Fundamental Research

Sec. 10341. Broader impacts.
Sec. 10342. Sense of Congress.
Sec. 10343. Research ethics.
Sec. 10344. Research reproducibility and replicability.
Sec. 10345. Climate change research.
Sec. 10346. Social, behavioral, and economic sciences.
Sec. 10347. Measuring impacts of Federally funded research and 
           development.
Sec. 10348. Food-energy-water research.
Sec. 10349. Biological Field Stations and Marine Laboratories.
Sec. 10350. Sustainable chemistry research and education.
Sec. 10351. Risk and resilience research.
Sec. 10352. Unmanned aircraft systems technologies.
Sec. 10353. Accelerating unmanned maritime systems technologies.
Sec. 10354. Leveraging international expertise in research.
Sec. 10355. Biological research collections.
Sec. 10356. Clean water research and technology acceleration.
Sec. 10357. Technology and behavioral science research.
Sec. 10358. Manufacturing research amendment.
Sec. 10359. Critical minerals mining research and development.
Sec. 10360. Study of AI research capacity.
Sec. 10361. Advancing IoT for Precision Agriculture Capabilities Act.
Sec. 10362. Astronomy and satellite constellations.
Sec. 10363. Research on the impact of inflation.
Sec. 10364. Microgravity utilization policy.
Sec. 10365. Recognition of the Arecibo Observatory.

[[Page 136 STAT. 1402]]

                   Subtitle F--Research Infrastructure

Sec. 10371. Facility operation and maintenance.
Sec. 10372. Reviews.
Sec. 10373. Helium conservation.
Sec. 10374. Advanced computing.
Sec. 10375. National secure data service.

  Subtitle G--Directorate for Technology, Innovation, and Partnerships

Sec. 10381. Establishment.
Sec. 10382. Purposes.
Sec. 10383. Activities.
Sec. 10384. Requirements.
Sec. 10385. Assistant Director.
Sec. 10386. Advisory committee.
Sec. 10387. Challenges and focus areas.
Sec. 10388. Regional Innovation Engines.
Sec. 10389. Translation accelerator.
Sec. 10390. Test beds.
Sec. 10391. Planning and capacity building awards.
Sec. 10392. Entrepreneurial fellowships.
Sec. 10393. Scholarships and fellowships.
Sec. 10394. Research and development awards.
Sec. 10395. Scaling innovations in PreK-12 STEM education.
Sec. 10396. Authorities.
Sec. 10397. Coordination of activities.
Sec. 10398. Ethical, legal, and societal considerations.
Sec. 10399. Reports and roadmaps.
Sec. 10399A. Evaluation.

                  Subtitle H--Administrative Amendments

Sec. 10399D. Supporting veterans in STEM careers.
Sec. 10399E. Sunshine Act compliance.
Sec. 10399F. Science and engineering indicators report submission.

              TITLE IV--BIOECONOMY RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT

Sec. 10401. Definitions.
Sec. 10402. National engineering biology research and development 
           initiative.
Sec. 10403. Initiative coordination.
Sec. 10404. Advisory committee on engineering biology research and 
           development.
Sec. 10405. External review of ethical, legal, environmental, safety, 
           security, and societal issues.
Sec. 10406. Agency activities.
Sec. 10407. Rule of construction.

              TITLE V--BROADENING PARTICIPATION IN SCIENCE

                     Subtitle A--STEM Opportunities

Sec. 10501. Federal research agency policies for caregivers.
Sec. 10502. Collection and reporting of data on federal research awards.
Sec. 10503. Policies for review of Federal research awards.
Sec. 10504. Collection of data on demographics of faculty.
Sec. 10505. Cultural and institutional barriers to expanding the 
           academic and Federal STEM workforce.
Sec. 10506. Existing activities.
Sec. 10507. Report to Congress.
Sec. 10508. Merit review.
Sec. 10509. Determination of budgetary effects.
Sec. 10510. Definition.

                Subtitle B--Rural STEM Education Research

Sec. 10511. Definition.
Sec. 10512. National Science Foundation rural STEM activities.
Sec. 10513. Opportunities for online education.
Sec. 10514. National Academies evaluation.
Sec. 10515. GAO review.
Sec. 10516. NIST engagement with rural communities.

                    Subtitle C--MSI STEM Achievement

Sec. 10521. GAO review.
Sec. 10522. Agency responsibilities.

[[Page 136 STAT. 1403]]

Sec. 10523. Research at the National Science Foundation.
Sec. 10524. Capacity-building program for developing universities.
Sec. 10525. Tribal Colleges and Universities program.
Sec. 10526. Definitions.

           Subtitle D--Combating Sexual Harassment in Science

Sec. 10531. Findings.
Sec. 10532. Purpose.
Sec. 10533. Definition.
Sec. 10534. Research awards.
Sec. 10535. Responsible Conduct Guide.
Sec. 10536. Interagency working group.
Sec. 10537. National Academies assessment.
Sec. 10538. GAO study.
Sec. 10539. Authorization of appropriations.

        TITLE VI--MISCELLANEOUS SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY PROVISIONS

             Subtitle A--Supporting Early-career Researchers

Sec. 10601. Early-career research fellowship program.
Sec. 10602. Authorization of appropriations.

          Subtitle B--National Science and Technology Strategy

Sec. 10611. National science and technology strategy.
Sec. 10612. Strategy and report on the Nation's economic security, 
           science, research, and innovation to support the national 
           security strategy.
Sec. 10613. Quadrennial science and technology review.

                     Subtitle C--Regional Innovation

Sec. 10621. Regional innovation capacity.
Sec. 10622. Regional Clean Energy Innovation Program.

                      Subtitle D--Research Security

Sec. 10631. Requirements for foreign talent recruitment programs.
Sec. 10632. Malign foreign talent recruitment program prohibition.
Sec. 10633. Review of contracts and agreements.
Sec. 10634. Research security training requirement for Federal research 
           award personnel.
Sec. 10635. Research funds accounting.
Sec. 10636. Person or entity of concern prohibition.
Sec. 10637. Nondiscrimination.
Sec. 10638. Definitions.

   Subtitle E--Coastal and Ocean Acidification Research and Innovation

Sec. 10641. Short title.
Sec. 10642. Purposes.
Sec. 10643. Definitions.
Sec. 10644. Interagency working group.
Sec. 10645. Strategic research plan.
Sec. 10646. NOAA ocean acidification activities.
Sec. 10647. NSF ocean acidification activities.
Sec. 10648. NASA ocean acidification activities.
Sec. 10649. Authorization of appropriations.

                  Subtitle F--Interagency Working Group

Sec. 10651. Interagency working group.

            Subtitle G--Quantum Networking and Communications

Sec. 10661. Quantum networking and communications.

                    Subtitle H--Blockchain Specialist

Sec. 10671. Establishment of blockchain and cryptocurrency specialist 
           position within OSTP.

       Subtitle I--Partnerships for Energy Security and Innovation

Sec. 10691. Foundation for Energy Security and Innovation.

               Subtitle J--Energizing Technology Transfer

Sec. 10701. Definitions.

[[Page 136 STAT. 1404]]

       PART 1--National Clean Energy Technology Transfer Programs

Sec. 10713. National clean energy incubator program.
Sec. 10714. Clean energy technology university prize competition.
Sec. 10715. Clean energy technology transfer coordination.

 PART 2--Supporting Technology Development at the National Laboratories

Sec. 10716. Lab partnering service pilot program.
Sec. 10717. Lab-embedded entrepreneurship program.
Sec. 10718. Small business voucher program.
Sec. 10719. Entrepreneurial leave program.
Sec. 10720. National Laboratory non-Federal employee outside employment 
           authority.

               PART 3--Department of Energy Modernization

Sec. 10722. Office of Technology Transitions.
Sec. 10723. Management of Department of Energy demonstration projects.
Sec. 10724. Streamlining prize competitions.
Sec. 10725. Cost-share waiver extension.
Sec. 10726. Special hiring authority for scientific, engineering, and 
           project management personnel.
Sec. 10727. Technology transfer reports and evaluation.

                          Subtitle K--Micro Act

Sec. 10731. Microelectronics research for energy innovation.

    Subtitle L--National Nuclear University Research Infrastructure 
                              Reinvestment

Sec. 10741. Short title.
Sec. 10742. Purposes.
Sec. 10743. University infrastructure collaboration.
Sec. 10744. Advanced nuclear research infrastructure enhancement 
           subprogram.
Sec. 10745. Science education and human resources scholarships, 
           fellowships, and research and development projects.

    Subtitle M--Steel Upgrading Partnerships and Emissions Reduction

Sec. 10751. Low-emissions steel manufacturing research program.

    Subtitle N--Applied Laboratories Infrastructure Restoration and 
                              Modernization

Sec. 10761. Applied laboratories infrastructure restoration and 
           modernization.

      Subtitle O--Department of Energy Research, Development, and 
                        Demonstration Activities

Sec. 10771. Department of Energy research, development, and 
           demonstration activities.

                   Subtitle P--Fission for the Future

Sec. 10781. Advanced nuclear technologies Federal research, development, 
           and demonstration program.

 TITLE VII--NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION AUTHORIZATION 
                                   ACT

Sec. 10801. Short title.
Sec. 10802. Definitions.

                         Subtitle A--Exploration

Sec. 10811. Moon to Mars.
Sec. 10812. Space Launch System configurations.
Sec. 10813. Rocket engine test infrastructure.
Sec. 10814. Pearl River maintenance.
Sec. 10815. Extension and modification relating to International Space 
           Station.
Sec. 10816. Priorities for International Space Station.
Sec. 10817. Technical amendments relating to Artemis missions.

                           Subtitle B--Science

Sec. 10821. Science priorities.
Sec. 10822. Search for life.
Sec. 10823. Next generation of astrophysics great observatories.
Sec. 10824. Earth science missions and programs.
Sec. 10825. Planetary Defense Coordination Office.

[[Page 136 STAT. 1405]]

                         Subtitle C--Aeronautics

Sec. 10831. Experimental aircraft projects.
Sec. 10832. Unmanned aircraft systems.
Sec. 10833. Cleaner, quieter airplanes.

                      Subtitle D--Space Technology

Sec. 10841. Space nuclear capabilities.
Sec. 10842. Prioritization of low-enriched uranium technology.

                       Subtitle E--STEM Engagement

Sec. 10851. Office of STEM Engagement.

                        Subtitle F--Miscellaneous

Sec. 10861. Program, workforce, and industrial base reviews.
Sec. 10862. Modification of lease of non-excess property.

SEC. 10001. <<NOTE: 42 USC 18901 note.>>  SHORT TITLE.

    This division may be cited as the ``Research and Development, 
Competition, and Innovation Act''.
SEC. 10002. <<NOTE: 42 USC 18901.>>  DEFINITIONS.

    In this division:
            (1) Artificial intelligence.--The term ``artificial 
        intelligence'' or ``AI'' has the meaning given such term in 
        section 5002 of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense 
        Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (15 U.S.C. 9401).
            (2) Awardee.--The term ``awardee'' means the legal entity to 
        which Federal assistance is awarded and that is accountable to 
        the Federal Government for the use of the funds provided.
            (3) Award personnel.--The term ``award personnel'' means 
        principal investigators and co-principal investigators, faculty, 
        postdoctoral researchers, and other employees supported by a 
        grant, cooperative agreement, or contract under Federal law.
            (4) Biomanufacturing.--The term ``biomanufacturing'' means 
        the utilization of biological systems to develop new and advance 
        existing products, tools, and processes at commercial scale.
            (5) Emerging research institution.--The term ``emerging 
        research institution'' means an institution of higher education 
        with an established undergraduate or graduate program that has 
        less than $50,000,000 in Federal research expenditures.
            (6) Engineering biology.--The term ``engineering biology'' 
        means the application of engineering design principles and 
        practices to biological systems, including molecular and 
        cellular systems, to advance fundamental understanding of 
        complex natural systems and to enable novel or optimize 
        functions and capabilities.
            (7) EPSCoR.--The term ``EPSCoR'' has the meaning given the 
        term in section 502 of the America COMPETES Reauthorization Act 
        of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 1862p note).
            (8) EPSCoR institution.--The term ``EPSCoR institution'' 
        means an institution of higher education, nonprofit 
        organization, or other institution located in a jurisdiction 
        eligible to participate in the program under section 113 of the 
        National Science Foundation Authorization Act of 1988 (42 U.S.C. 
        1862g).
            (9) Federal laboratory.--The term ``Federal laboratory'' has 
        the meaning given such term in section 4 of the Stevenson-Wydler 
        Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 3703).

[[Page 136 STAT. 1406]]

            (10) Federal research agency.--The term ``Federal research 
        agency'' means any Federal agency with an annual extramural 
        research expenditure of over $100,000,000 in fiscal year 2022 
        constant dollars.
            (11) Foundation.--The term ``Foundation'' means the National 
        Science Foundation.
            (12) Historically black college and university.--The term 
        ``historically Black college and university'' has the meaning 
        given the term ``part B institution'' in section 322 of the 
        Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1061).
            (13) Institution of higher education.--The term 
        ``institution of higher education'' has the meaning given the 
        term in section 101(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 
        U.S.C. 1001(a)).
            (14) Interagency working group on inclusion in stem.--The 
        term ``interagency working group on inclusion in STEM'' means 
        the interagency working group established by section 308 of the 
        American Innovation and Competitiveness Act (42 U.S.C. 6626).
            (15) Labor organization.--The term ``labor organization'' 
        has the meaning given the term in section 2(5) of the National 
        Labor Relations Act (29 U.S.C. 152(5)), except that such term 
        shall also include--
                    (A) any organization composed of labor 
                organizations, such as a labor union federation or a 
                State or municipal labor body; and
                    (B) any organization which would be included in the 
                definition for such term under such section 2(5) but for 
                the fact that the organization represents--
                          (i) individuals employed by the United States, 
                      any wholly owned Government corporation, any 
                      Federal Reserve Bank, or any State or political 
                      subdivision thereof;
                          (ii) individuals employed by persons subject 
                      to the Railway Labor Act (45 U.S.C. 151 et seq.); 
                      or
                          (iii) individuals employed as agricultural 
                      laborers.
            (16) Low-income individual.--The term ``low-income 
        individual'' means an individual from a family whose taxable 
        income for the preceding year did not exceed 150 percent of an 
        amount equal to the poverty level determined by using criteria 
        of poverty established by the Bureau of the Census.
            (17) Manufacturing extension center.--The term 
        ``manufacturing extension center'' has the meaning given the 
        term ``Center'' in section 25(a) of the National Institute of 
        Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278k(a)).
            (18) Manufacturing usa institute.--The term ``Manufacturing 
        USA institute'' means a Manufacturing USA institute described in 
        section 34(d) of the National Institute of Standards and 
        Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278s(d)).
            (19) Minority-serving institution.--The term ``minority-
        serving institution'' means a Hispanic-serving institution as 
        defined in section 502(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 
        (20 U.S.C. 1101a(a)); an Alaska Native-serving institution or 
        Native Hawaiian-serving institution as defined in section 317(b) 
        of such Act (20 U.S.C. 1059d(b)); or a Predominantly Black 
        institution, Asian American and Native American Pacific

[[Page 136 STAT. 1407]]

        Islander-serving institution, or Native American-serving 
        nontribal institution as defined in section 371(c) of such Act 
        (20 U.S.C. 1067q(c)).
            (20) National academies.--The term ``National Academies'' 
        means the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and 
        Medicine.
            (21) Non-profit organization.--The term ``non-profit 
        organization'' means an organization which is described in 
        section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 and 
        exempt from tax under section 501(a) of such code.
            (22) Prek-12.--The term ``PreK-12'' means pre-kindergarten 
        through grade 12.
            (23) Quantum information science.--The term ``quantum 
        information science'' has the meaning given such term in section 
        2 of the National Quantum Initiative Act (15 U.S.C. 8801).
            (24) Recipient.--The term ``recipient'' means an entity, 
        usually a non-Federal entity, that receives a Federal award 
        directly from a Federal research agency. The term ``recipient'' 
        does not include entities that receive subawards or individuals 
        that are the beneficiaries of the award.
            (25) Research and development award.--The term ``research 
        and development award'' means support provided to an individual 
        or entity by a Federal research agency to carry out research and 
        development activities, which may include support in the form of 
        a grant, contract, cooperative agreement, or other such 
        transaction. The term does not include a grant, contract, 
        agreement or other transaction for the procurement of goods or 
        services to meet the administrative needs of a Federal research 
        agency.
            (26) Skilled technical work.--The term ``skilled technical 
        work'' means an occupation that requires a high level of 
        knowledge in a technical domain and does not require a 
        bachelor's degree for entry.
            (27) Stem.--The term ``STEM'' means science, technology, 
        engineering, and mathematics, including computer science.
            (28) Stem education.--The term ``STEM education'' has the 
        meaning given the term in section 2 of the STEM Education Act of 
        2015 (42 U.S.C. 6621 note).
            (29) Technical standard.--The term ``technical standard'' 
        has the meaning given such term in section 12(d)(5) of the 
        National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act of 1995 (15 
        U.S.C. 272 note).
            (30) Tribal college or university.--The term ``Tribal 
        College or University'' has the meaning given such term in 
        section 316 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 
        1059c).
SEC. 10003. BUDGETARY EFFECTS.

    (a) Statutory Paygo Scorecards.--The budgetary effects of this 
division shall not be entered on either PAYGO scorecard maintained 
pursuant to section 4(d) of the Statutory Pay-As-You-Go Act of 2010 (2 
U.S.C. 933(d)).
    (b) Senate Paygo Scorecards.--The budgetary effects of this division 
shall not be entered on any PAYGO scorecard maintained for purposes of 
section 4106 of H. Con. Res. 71 (115th Congress).
    (c) Classification of Budgetary Effects.--Notwithstanding Rule 3 of 
the Budget Scorekeeping Guidelines set forth in the

[[Page 136 STAT. 1408]]

joint explanatory statement of the committee of conference accompanying 
Conference Report 105-217 and section 250(c)(8) of the Balanced Budget 
and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985, the budgetary effects of this 
division shall not be estimated--
            (1) for purposes of section 251 of such Act;
            (2) for purposes of an allocation to the Committee on 
        Appropriations pursuant to section 302(a) of the Congressional 
        Budget Act of 1974; and
            (3) for purposes of paragraph (4)(C) of section 3 of the 
        Statutory Pay-As-You-Go Act of 2010 as being included in an 
        appropriation Act.

          TITLE I--DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY SCIENCE FOR THE FUTURE

SEC. 10101. MISSION OF THE OFFICE OF SCIENCE.

    Section 209 of the Department of Energy Organization Act (42 U.S.C. 
7139) is amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``(d) User Facilities.--The Director shall carry out the 
construction, operation, and maintenance of user facilities to support 
the mission described in subsection (c). As practicable, these 
facilities shall serve the needs of the Department, industry, the 
academic community, and other relevant entities for the purposes of 
advancing the missions of the Department, improving the competitiveness 
of the United States, protecting public health and safety, and 
addressing other national priorities including emergencies.
    ``(e) Coordination.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary--
                    ``(A) shall ensure the coordination of the Office of 
                Science with the other activities of the Department, 
                including the transfer of knowledge, capabilities, and 
                relevant technologies from basic research programs of 
                the Department to applied research and development 
                programs of the Department for the purpose of enabling 
                development of mission-relevant technologies;
                    ``(B) shall support joint activities among the 
                programs of the Department;
                    ``(C) shall coordinate with other relevant Federal 
                agencies operating under existing authorizations 
                relating to subjects relating to the mission described 
                in subsection (c) in supporting advancements in related 
                research areas as appropriate; and
                    ``(D) may form partnerships to enhance the 
                utilization of and ensure access to user facilities by 
                other Federal agencies.
            ``(2) Office of science.--The Director--
                    ``(A) shall ensure the coordination of programs and 
                activities carried out by the Office of Science; and
                    ``(B) shall direct all programs which have not 
                recently completed a future planning roadmap consistent 
                with the funding of such programs authorized under the 
                Research and Development, Competition, and Innovation 
                Act to complete such a roadmap.''.

[[Page 136 STAT. 1409]]

SEC. 10102. <<NOTE: 42 USC 18911.>>  BASIC ENERGY SCIENCES 
                            PROGRAM.

    (a) Department of Energy Research and Innovation Act.--Section 303 
of the Department of Energy Research and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 
18641) is amended--
            (1) <<NOTE: 42 USC 16313, 16315, 18641.>>  by redesignating 
        subsections (a) through (e) as subsections (c) through (g), 
        respectively;
            (2) by inserting before subsection (c), as so redesignated, 
        the following:

    ``(a) Program.--As part of the activities authorized under section 
209 of the Department of Energy Organization Act (42 U.S.C. 7139), the 
Director shall carry out a research and development program in basic 
energy sciences, including materials sciences and engineering, chemical 
sciences, physical biosciences, geosciences, and other disciplines, to 
understand, model, and control matter and energy at the electronic, 
atomic, and molecular levels in order to provide the foundations for new 
energy technologies, address scientific grand challenges, and support 
the energy, environment, and national security missions of the 
Department.
    ``(b) Sustainable Chemistry.--In carrying out chemistry-related 
research and development activities under this section, the Director 
shall prioritize research and development of sustainable chemistry to 
support clean, safe, and economic alternatives and methodologies to 
traditional chemical products and processes.'';
            (3) in subsection (d), as so redesignated--
                    (A) in paragraph (3)--
                          (i) in subparagraph (C), by striking ``and'' 
                      at the end;
                          (ii) by redesignating subparagraph (D) as 
                      subparagraph (E); and
                          (iii) by inserting after subparagraph (C) the 
                      following:
                    ``(D) autonomous chemistry and materials synthesis 
                and characterization facilities that leverage advances 
                in artificial intelligence; and''; and
                    (B) <<NOTE: Deadlines. Time periods.>>  by adding at 
                the end the following:
            ``(4) Advanced photon source upgrade.--
                    ``(A) Definitions.--In this paragraph:
                          ``(i) Flux.--The term `flux' means the rate of 
                      flow of photons.
                          ``(ii) Hard x-ray.--The term `hard x-ray' 
                      means a photon with energy greater than 20 
                      kiloelectron volts.
                    ``(B) Upgrade.--The Secretary shall provide for the 
                upgrade to the Advanced Photon Source described in the 
                publication approved by the Basic Energy Sciences 
                Advisory Committee on June 9, 2016, entitled `Report on 
                Facility Upgrades', including the development of a 
                multibend achromat lattice to produce a high flux of 
                coherent x-rays within the hard x-ray energy region and 
                a suite of beamlines optimized for this source.
                    ``(C) Start of operations.--The Secretary shall, 
                subject to the availability of appropriations, ensure 
                that the start of full operations of the upgrade under 
                this paragraph occurs before March 31, 2026.
                    ``(D) Funding.--Out of funds authorized to be 
                appropriated under subsection (j), there is authorized 
                to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the 
                upgrade under this paragraph $14,200,000 for fiscal year 
                2023.

[[Page 136 STAT. 1410]]

            ``(5) Spallation neutron source proton power upgrade.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall provide for 
                the proton power upgrade to the Spallation Neutron 
                Source.
                    ``(B) Proton power upgrade defined.--In this 
                paragraph, the term `proton power upgrade' means the 
                Spallation Neutron Source power upgrade described in--
                          ``(i) the publication entitled `Facilities for 
                      the Future of Science: A Twenty-Year Outlook', 
                      published by the Office of Science of the 
                      Department in December, 2003;
                          ``(ii) the publication entitled `Four Years 
                      Later: An Interim Report on Facilities for the 
                      Future of Science: A Twenty-Year Outlook', 
                      published by the Office of Science of the 
                      Department in August, 2007; and
                          ``(iii) the publication approved by the Basic 
                      Energy Sciences Advisory Committee on June 9, 
                      2016, entitled `Report on Facility Upgrades'.
                    ``(C) Start of operations.--The Secretary shall, 
                subject to the availability of appropriations, ensure 
                that the start of full operations of the upgrade under 
                this paragraph occurs before July 30, 2028, with the 
                option for early operation in 2025.
                    ``(D) Funding.--Out of funds authorized to be 
                appropriated under subsection (j), there is authorized 
                to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the 
                upgrade under this paragraph--
                          ``(i) $17,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
                          ``(ii) $14,202,000 for fiscal year 2024; and
                          ``(iii) $1,567,000 for fiscal year 2025.
            ``(6) Spallation neutron source second target station.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall provide for a 
                second target station for the Spallation Neutron Source.
                    ``(B) Second target station defined.--In this 
                paragraph, the term `second target station' means the 
                Spallation Neutron Source second target station 
                described in--
                          ``(i) the publication entitled, `Facilities 
                      for the Future of Science: A Twenty-Year Outlook', 
                      published by the Office of Science of the 
                      Department in December, 2003;
                          ``(ii) the publication entitled, `Four Years 
                      Later: An Interim Report on Facilities for the 
                      Future of Science: A Twenty-Year Outlook', 
                      published by the Office of Science of the 
                      Department in August, 2007; and
                          ``(iii) the publication approved by the Basic 
                      Energy Sciences Advisory Committee on June 9, 
                      2016, entitled `Report on Facility Upgrades'.
                    ``(C) Start of operations.--The Secretary shall, 
                subject to the availability of appropriations, ensure 
                that the start of full operations of the second target 
                station under this paragraph occurs before December 31, 
                2033, with the option for early operation in 2029.
                    ``(D) Funding.--Out of funds authorized to be 
                appropriated under subsection (j), there are authorized 
                to be

[[Page 136 STAT. 1411]]

                appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the 
                activities under this paragraph, including 
                construction--
                          ``(i) $127,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
                          ``(ii) $205,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
                          ``(iii) $279,000,000 for fiscal year 2025;
                          ``(iv) $300,000,000 for fiscal year 2026; and
                          ``(v) $281,000,000 for fiscal year 2027.
            ``(7) Advanced light source upgrade.--
                    ``(A) Definitions.--In this paragraph:
                          ``(i) Flux.--The term `flux' means the rate of 
                      flow of photons.
                          ``(ii) Soft x-ray.--The term `soft x-ray' 
                      means a photon with energy in the range from 50 to 
                      2,000 electron volts.
                    ``(B) Upgrade.--The Secretary shall provide for the 
                upgrade to the Advanced Light Source described in the 
                publication approved by the Basic Energy Sciences 
                Advisory Committee on June 9, 2016, entitled `Report on 
                Facility Upgrades', including the development of a 
                multibend achromat lattice to produce a high flux of 
                coherent x-rays within the soft x-ray energy region.
                    ``(C) Start of operations.--The Secretary shall, 
                subject to the availability of appropriations, ensure 
                that the start of full operations of the upgrade under 
                this paragraph occurs before September 30, 2029.
                    ``(D) Funding.--Out of funds authorized to be 
                appropriated under subsection (j), there are authorized 
                to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the 
                upgrade under this paragraph--
                          ``(i) $135,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
                          ``(ii) $102,500,000 for fiscal year 2024;
                          ``(iii) $50,000,000 for fiscal year 2025; and
                          ``(iv) $1,400,000 for fiscal year 2026.
            ``(8) Linac coherent light source ii high energy upgrade.--
                    ``(A) Definitions.--In this paragraph:
                          ``(i) High energy.--The term `high energy', 
                      with respect to an x-ray, means a photon with an 
                      energy in the 5 to 13 kiloelectron volt range.
                          ``(ii) High repetition rate.--The term `high 
                      repetition rate' means the delivery of x-ray 
                      pulses up to 1,000,000 pulses per second.
                          ``(iii) Ultra-short pulse.--The term `ultra-
                      short pulse', with respect to an x-ray, means that 
                      the x-ray has bursts capable of durations of less 
                      than 100 femtoseconds.
                    ``(B) Upgrade.--The Secretary shall--
                          ``(i) provide for the upgrade to the Linac 
                      Coherent Light Source II facility described in the 
                      publication approved by the Basic Energy Sciences 
                      Advisory Committee on June 9, 2016, entitled 
                      `Report on Facility Upgrades', including the 
                      development of experimental capabilities for high 
                      energy x-rays to reveal fundamental scientific 
                      discoveries; and
                          ``(ii) ensure such upgrade enables the 
                      production and use of high energy, ultra-short 
                      pulse x-rays delivered at a high repetition rate.

[[Page 136 STAT. 1412]]

                    ``(C) Start of operations.--The Secretary shall, 
                subject to the availability of appropriations, ensure 
                that the start of full operations of the upgrade under 
                this paragraph occurs before December 31, 2026.
                    ``(D) Funding.--Out of funds authorized to be 
                appropriated under subsection (j), there are authorized 
                to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the 
                upgrade under this paragraph--
                          ``(i) $100,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
                          ``(ii) $130,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
                          ``(iii) $135,000,000 for fiscal year 2025; and
                          ``(iv) $99,343,000 for fiscal year 2026.
            ``(9) Cryomodule repair and maintenance facility.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall provide for 
                the construction of a cryomodule repair and maintenance 
                facility to service the Linac Coherent Light Source II 
                and subsequent upgrades.
                    ``(B) Consultation required.--The Secretary shall 
                consult with the private sector, institutions of higher 
                education, National Laboratories, and relevant Federal 
                agencies to ensure that the facility described in 
                subparagraph (A) has the capability to maintain, repair, 
                and test superconducting radio frequency accelerator 
                components.
                    ``(C) Funding.--Out of funds authorized to be 
                appropriated under subsection (j), there are authorized 
                to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the 
                activities under this paragraph--
                          ``(i) $29,300,000 for fiscal year 2023;
                          ``(ii) $24,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
                          ``(iii) $20,000,000 for fiscal year 2025; and
                          ``(iv) $15,700,000 for fiscal year 2026.
            ``(10) Nanoscale science research center recapitalization 
        project.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall provide for 
                the recapitalization of the Nanoscale Science Research 
                Centers, to include the upgrade of equipment at each 
                Center supported by the Office of Science on the date of 
                enactment of the Research and Development, Competition, 
                and Innovation Act, to accelerate advances in the 
                various fields of science including nanoscience, 
                materials, chemistry, biology, and quantum information 
                science.
                    ``(B) Funding.--Out of funds authorized to be 
                appropriated under subsection (j), there are authorized 
                to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the 
                recapitalization under this paragraph--
                          ``(i) $25,000,000 for fiscal year 2023; and
                          ``(ii) $25,000,000 for fiscal year 2024.
            ``(11) National synchrotron light source ii beamline 
        buildout.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall provide for 
                the development and construction of experimental 
                stations to provide significant additional beamline and 
                instrument capacity, complement the existing portfolio 
                of beamlines, and complete the buildout of the National 
                Synchrotron Light Source II.
                    ``(B) Start of operations.--Subject to the 
                availability of appropriations, the Secretary--

[[Page 136 STAT. 1413]]

                          ``(i) shall begin carrying out subparagraph 
                      (A) not later than September 30, 2036; and
                          ``(ii) may begin carrying out subparagraph 
                      (A)--
                                    ``(I) in calendar year 2033; or
                                    ``(II) after the construction of 
                                individual beamlines is complete.''; and
            (4) by adding at the end the following:

    ``(h) Computational Materials and Chemical Sciences.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Director shall support a program of 
        research and development for the application of advanced 
        computing practices to foundational and emerging research 
        problems in chemistry and materials science. Research activities 
        shall include--
                    ``(A) chemical catalysis research and development;
                    ``(B) the use of large data sets to model materials 
                phenomena, including through advanced characterization 
                of materials, materials synthesis, processing, and 
                innovative use of experimental and theoretical data;
                    ``(C) codesign of chemical system and chemistry 
                modeling software with advanced computing systems and 
                hardware technologies; and
                    ``(D) modeling of chemical processes, assemblies, 
                and reactions such as molecular dynamics and quantum 
                chemistry, including through novel computing methods.
            ``(2) Computational materials and chemical sciences 
        centers.--
                    ``(A) In general.--In carrying out the activities 
                authorized under paragraph (1), the Director shall 
                select and establish up to 6 computational materials and 
                chemical sciences centers to--
                          ``(i) develop open-source, robust, and 
                      validated computational codes and user-friendly 
                      software, coupled with innovative use of 
                      experimental and theoretical data, to enable the 
                      design, discovery, and development of new 
                      materials and chemical systems; and
                          ``(ii) focus on overcoming challenges and 
                      maximizing the benefits of exascale and other high 
                      performance computing underpinned by accelerated 
                      node technologies.
                    ``(B) Selection.--The Director shall select centers 
                under subparagraph (A) on a competitive, merit-reviewed 
                basis. The Director shall consider applications from the 
                National Laboratories, institutions of higher education, 
                multi-institutional collaborations, and other 
                appropriate entities.
                    ``(C) Duration.--
                          ``(i) New centers.--A center selected under 
                      subparagraph (A) shall receive support for a 
                      period of not more than 5 years beginning on the 
                      date of establishment of that center, subject to 
                      the availability of appropriations.
                          ``(ii) Existing centers.--A center already in 
                      existence on the date of enactment of the Research 
                      and Development, Competition, and Innovation Act 
                      may continue to receive support for a period of 
                      not more than 5 years beginning on the date of 
                      establishment of that center.

[[Page 136 STAT. 1414]]

                    ``(D) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  Renewal.--Upon the 
                expiration of any period of support of a center under 
                this subsection, the Director may renew support for the 
                center, on a merit-reviewed basis, for a period of not 
                more than 5 years.

    ``(i) Materials Research Database.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Director shall support the 
        development of a web-based platform to develop and provide 
        access to a database of computed information on known and 
        predicted materials properties and computational tools to 
        accelerate breakthroughs in materials discovery and design.
            ``(2) Program.--In carrying out this subsection, the 
        Director shall--
                    ``(A) conduct cooperative research among National 
                Laboratories, industry, academia, and other research 
                institutions to advance understanding, prediction, and 
                manipulation of materials and facilitate the design of 
                novel materials;
                    ``(B) develop and maintain data infrastructure at 
                user facilities that generate data to collect, analyze, 
                label, and otherwise prepare the data for inclusion in 
                the database;
                    ``(C) leverage existing high performance computing 
                systems to conduct high throughput calculations, and 
                develop computational and data mining algorithms for the 
                prediction of material properties;
                    ``(D) strengthen the foundation for new technologies 
                and advanced manufacturing; and
                    ``(E) drive the development of advanced materials 
                for applications that span the Department's missions in 
                energy, environment, and national security.
            ``(3) Coordination.--In carrying out this subsection, the 
        Director shall leverage programs and activities across the 
        Department, including computational materials and chemical 
        sciences centers established under subsection (h).
            ``(4) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  Funding.--Out of funds 
        authorized to be appropriated under subsection (j), there is 
        authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out 
        activities under this subsection $10,000,000 for each of fiscal 
        years 2023 through 2027.

    ``(j) <<NOTE: Time periods.>>  Authorization of Appropriations.--Out 
of funds authorized to be appropriated to the Office of Science in a 
fiscal year, there are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to 
carry out the activities described in this section--
            ``(1) $2,685,414,000 for fiscal year 2023;
            ``(2) $2,866,890,840 for fiscal year 2024;
            ``(3) $2,987,727,170 for fiscal year 2025;
            ``(4) $3,062,732,781 for fiscal year 2026; and
            ``(5) $3,080,067,167 for fiscal year 2027.''.

    (b) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  Artificial Photosynthesis.--Section 973 
of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16313) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (b), by striking paragraph (4) and 
        inserting the following:
            ``(4) Funds.--Of the funds authorized to be appropriated for 
        basic energy sciences in a fiscal year, there is authorized to 
        be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out activities under 
        this subsection $50,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2023 
        through 2027.''; and
            (2) in subsection (c), by striking paragraph (4) and 
        inserting the following:

[[Page 136 STAT. 1415]]

            ``(4) Funds.--Of the funds authorized to be appropriated for 
        basic energy sciences in a fiscal year, there is authorized to 
        be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out activities under 
        this subsection $50,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2023 
        through 2027.''.

    (c) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  Electricity Storage Research 
Initiative.--Section 975 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 
16315) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)--
                    (A) in paragraph (1)--
                          (i) in subparagraph (A)(ii), by striking 
                      ``and'' after the semicolon at the end;
                          (ii) in subparagraph (B), by striking the 
                      period at the end and inserting ``; and''; and
                          (iii) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(C) to ensure the competitiveness of the United 
                States in energy storage by fostering an ecosystem 
                linking fundamental research and development to 
                deployment of storage solutions while minimizing the 
                environmental impacts of energy storage technologies.''; 
                and
                    (B) in paragraph (2)--
                          (i) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``and'' 
                      after the semicolon at the end;
                          (ii) in subparagraph (B), by striking the 
                      period at the end and inserting ``; and''; and
                          (iii) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(C) any other relevant office of the 
                Department.'';
            (2) in subsection (b), by striking paragraph (4) and 
        inserting the following:
            ``(4) Funding.--Of the funds authorized to be appropriated 
        for basic energy sciences in a fiscal year, there is authorized 
        to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out activities 
        under this subsection $50,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2023 
        through 2027.'';
            (3) in subsection (c), by striking paragraph (4) and 
        inserting the following:
            ``(4) Funding.--Of the funds authorized to be appropriated 
        for basic energy sciences in a fiscal year, there is authorized 
        to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out activities 
        under this subsection $50,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2023 
        through 2027.''; and
            (4) in subsection (d), by striking paragraph (4) and 
        inserting the following:
            ``(4) Funding.--Of the funds authorized to be appropriated 
        for basic energy sciences in a fiscal year, there is authorized 
        to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out activities 
        under this subsection $20,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2023 
        through 2027.''.

    (d) Foundational Nuclear Science.--
            (1) In general.--The Director of the Office of Science shall 
        support a program of research and development to bridge 
        scientific barriers to, and expand theoretical and fundamental 
        knowledge relevant to, understanding nuclear materials and 
        matter for the benefit of commerce, medicine, and national 
        security.
            (2) Activities.--As part of the program described in 
        paragraph (1)--

[[Page 136 STAT. 1416]]

                    (A) the Director of the Office of Science shall 
                support basic research to pursue distinct lines of 
                scientific inquiry, including--
                          (i) research in nuclear materials science, 
                      including the application of advanced computing 
                      practices to foundational and emerging research 
                      areas in nuclear materials science and discovery, 
                      such as--
                                    (I) the advanced characterization of 
                                materials;
                                    (II) materials synthesis;
                                    (III) processing;
                                    (IV) the innovative use of 
                                experimental and theoretical data; and
                                    (V) mechanical behavior in unique 
                                environments, including the effects of 
                                radiation;
                          (ii) electrochemistry research and associated 
                      techniques for processing nuclear materials;
                          (iii) the development of advanced 
                      instrumentation and nuclear data collection to 
                      inform the activities described in clauses (i) and 
                      (ii); and
                          (iv) <<NOTE: Determination.>>  any other area 
                      of research, as determined by the Director of the 
                      Office of Science; and
                    (B) <<NOTE: Consultation.>>  the Assistant Secretary 
                for Nuclear Energy shall consult with the Director of 
                the Office of Science to support the direction of 
                translational research, development, and validation of 
                physical concepts developed under the program.
            (3) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  Funding.--Of the funds 
        authorized to be appropriated for basic energy sciences in a 
        fiscal year, there is authorized to be appropriated to the 
        Secretary of Energy to carry out activities under this 
        subsection $50,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2023 through 
        2027.

    (e) Carbon Materials Science Initiative.--
            (1) Initiative.--
                    (A) In general.--The Director of the Office of 
                Science (referred to in this subsection as the 
                ``Director'') shall establish a research initiative, to 
                be known as the ``Carbon Materials Science Initiative'' 
                (referred to in this subsection as the ``Initiative''), 
                to expand the fundamental knowledge of coal, coal-
                wastes, and carbon ore chemistry useful for 
                understanding the conversion of carbon to material 
                products.
                    (B) Coordination.--In carrying out programs and 
                activities under the Initiative, the Director shall 
                leverage expertise and resources from the Office of 
                Fossil Energy and Carbon Management and the United 
                States Geological Survey.
                    (C) Teams.--
                          (i) In general.--In carrying out the 
                      Initiative, the Director shall establish and 
                      organize activities among multidisciplinary teams 
                      to leverage, to the maximum extent practicable, 
                      expertise from the National Laboratories, 
                      institutions of higher education, and the private 
                      sector.
                          (ii) Goals.--The multidisciplinary teams 
                      described in clause (i) shall pursue expedient, 
                      milestone-driven research goals established by the 
                      Director.
            (2) Research program.--

[[Page 136 STAT. 1417]]

                    (A) In general.--The Director shall carry out under 
                the Initiative a program to support, and discover 
                fundamental knowledge relevant to, carbon materials and 
                carbon ore processing research.
                    (B) <<NOTE: Coordination.>>  Activities.--As part of 
                the program described in subparagraph (A), the Director 
                shall, in coordination with the Assistant Secretary of 
                Energy for Fossil Energy and Carbon Management, as 
                appropriate, support research to pursue distinct lines 
                of scientific inquiry, including--
                          (i) methods of extraction, processing, 
                      recycling, and utilization of the materials and 
                      valuable minerals contained in raw coal and coal-
                      waste;
                          (ii) methods of improving performance, cost, 
                      and availability of materials for use in carbon 
                      capture systems; and
                          (iii) unconventional pathways and materials 
                      for conversion of carbon dioxide molecules, 
                      minerals, and materials.
                    (C) <<NOTE: Evaluation.>>  Review.--The Director 
                shall periodically review activities carried out under 
                the program described in subparagraph (A) to evaluate 
                the achievement of scientific objectives and research 
                milestones.
                    (D) Coordination with existing programs and 
                centers.--In carrying out the program described in 
                subparagraph (A), the Director shall--
                          (i) ensure coordination and knowledge sharing 
                      with--
                                    (I) the United States Geological 
                                Survey; and
                                    (II) the programs and the Carbon 
                                Utilization Research Center established 
                                under section 969A of the Energy Policy 
                                Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16298a); and
                          (ii) avoid duplication of efforts to the 
                      maximum extent practicable.
            (3) Carbon materials research centers.--
                    (A) In general.--In carrying out the activities 
                authorized under paragraph (2), the Director shall 
                establish 1 center in each of the 2 major coal-producing 
                regions of the United States, each of which shall--
                          (i) be known as a ``Carbon Materials Research 
                      Center'' (referred to in this paragraph as a 
                      ``Center''); and
                          (ii) focus on early stage research and 
                      development activities, including--
                                    (I) developing and advancing methods 
                                of extracting, processing, or recycling 
                                carbon or other valuable materials or 
                                minerals from raw coal, coal-waste, or 
                                other solid carbon materials, for the 
                                development of new carbon-based 
                                materials;
                                    (II) methods of improving the 
                                structural, physical, and chemical 
                                properties of carbon-based materials or 
                                other valuable materials from raw coal, 
                                coal-waste, or other solid carbon 
                                materials and their recyclability;

[[Page 136 STAT. 1418]]

                                    (III) overcoming the challenges and 
                                maximizing the benefits of commercially 
                                extracting, producing, or improving 
                                coal-derived carbon and resulting 
                                products; and
                                    (IV) identifying novel pathways and 
                                materials for carbon storage and 
                                conversion into useful products.
                    (B) Selection.--The Director shall--
                          (i) select Centers under subparagraph (A) on a 
                      competitive, merit-reviewed basis; and
                          (ii) consider applications from the National 
                      Laboratories, institutions of higher education, 
                      multi-institutional collaborations, and other 
                      appropriate entities.
                    (C) Duration.--A Center shall receive support for a 
                period of not more than 5 years beginning on the date of 
                establishment of that Center, subject to the 
                availability of appropriations.
                    (D) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  Renewal.--On the 
                expiration of any period of support of a Center, the 
                Director may renew support for that Center, on a merit-
                reviewed basis, for a period of not more than 5 years.
                    (E) Existing facilities.--The Director shall--
                          (i) ensure that the research activities 
                      carried out by the Centers are not duplicative of 
                      existing efforts; and
                          (ii) if practicable, leverage existing user 
                      facilities and other capabilities of the 
                      Department of Energy to carry out the research 
                      objectives of the Centers.

    (f) Carbon Sequestration Research and Geologic Computational Science 
Initiative.--
            (1) Initiative.--
                    (A) In general.--The Secretary of Energy (referred 
                to in this subsection as the ``Secretary'') shall 
                establish a research initiative, to be known as the 
                ``Carbon Sequestration Research and Geologic 
                Computational Science Initiative'' (referred to in this 
                subsection as the ``Initiative''), to expand the 
                fundamental knowledge, data collection, data analysis, 
                and modeling of subsurface geology for the purpose of 
                advancing carbon sequestration in geologic formations.
                    (B) Leveraging.--In carrying out programs and 
                activities under the Initiative, the Secretary shall 
                leverage expertise and resources from the Office of 
                Fossil Energy and Carbon Management and the United 
                States Geological Survey.
                    (C) Teams.--
                          (i) In general.--In carrying out the 
                      Initiative, the Secretary shall establish and 
                      organize activities among multidisciplinary teams 
                      to leverage, to the maximum extent practicable, 
                      expertise from the National Laboratories, 
                      institutions of higher education, and the private 
                      sector.
                          (ii) Goals.--The multidisciplinary teams 
                      described in clause (i) shall pursue aggressive, 
                      milestone-driven research goals established by the 
                      Secretary.

[[Page 136 STAT. 1419]]

                    (D) Additional activities.--The Secretary may 
                organize additional activities under this subsection 
                through other organizational structures.
            (2) Research program.--
                    (A) In general.--The Secretary shall carry out under 
                the Initiative a program to support research needed for, 
                and discover knowledge relevant to, the sequestration of 
                carbon in geologic formations.
                    (B) Activities.--As part of the program described in 
                subparagraph (A), the Director of the Office of Science 
                shall support fundamental research to pursue distinct 
                lines of scientific inquiry, including--
                          (i) gathering geologic data for pore space 
                      characterization, including improvements to 
                      geologic seismic imaging;
                          (ii) evaluating pore space quality, including 
                      evaluation of geologic samples, to determine 
                      appropriate sequestration zones for carbon;
                          (iii) testing carbon sequestration;
                          (iv) monitoring carbon migration in geologic 
                      formations;
                          (v) advancements in data analytics, including 
                      the analysis of seismic data, and computational 
                      science to improve the advanced computing, 
                      visualization, and imaging of geologic formations 
                      for the sequestration of carbon; and
                          (vi) predictive understanding of coupled 
                      processes in complex subsurface geologic systems 
                      for secure carbon storage.
                    (C) <<NOTE: Evaluation.>>  Review.--The Secretary 
                shall periodically review activities carried out under 
                the program described in subparagraph (A) to evaluate 
                achievement of scientific objectives and research 
                milestones.
            (3) Carbon storage research and geologic computational 
        science centers.--
                    (A) In general.--In carrying out the activities 
                authorized under paragraph (2), the Secretary shall 
                select and establish not more than 2 carbon storage 
                research and geologic computational science centers 
                (referred to in this paragraph as a ``Center'') to 
                develop and advance improvements to data collection, 
                analysis, and modeling of subsurface geology for the 
                purpose of advancing carbon sequestration in geologic 
                formations.
                    (B) Selection.--
                          (i) In general.--The Secretary shall--
                                    (I) select Centers under 
                                subparagraph (A) on a competitive, 
                                merit-reviewed basis; and
                                    (II) to the maximum extent 
                                practicable, locate each Center in a 
                                geographically diverse region with 
                                established and ongoing geologic carbon 
                                sequestration research and 
                                demonstration.
                          (ii) Applications.--In selecting Centers under 
                      subparagraph (A), the Secretary shall consider 
                      applications from institutions of higher 
                      education, multi-institutional collaborations, and 
                      other appropriate entities.
                    (C) Duration.--

[[Page 136 STAT. 1420]]

                          (i) New centers.--A Center established after 
                      the date of enactment of this Act shall receive 
                      support for a period of not more than 5 years 
                      beginning on the date of establishment of that 
                      Center, subject to the availability of 
                      appropriations.
                          (ii) Existing centers.--A Center already in 
                      existence on the date of enactment of this Act may 
                      continue to receive support for a period of not 
                      more than 5 years beginning on that date of 
                      enactment.
                          (iii) Renewal.--On expiration of a period of 
                      support described in clause (i) or (ii), the 
                      Secretary may renew support for the Center, on a 
                      merit-reviewed basis, for a period of not more 
                      than 5 years.
            (4) Coordination with existing programs and centers.--In 
        carrying out this subsection, the Secretary shall--
                    (A) ensure coordination with--
                          (i) the United States Geological Survey; and
                          (ii) the programs established under section 
                      963 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 
                      16293); and
                    (B) avoid duplication of efforts to the maximum 
                extent practicable.

    (g) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  Funding for Carbon Initiatives.--Of the 
funds authorized to be appropriated for basic energy sciences in a 
fiscal year, there is authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to 
carry out activities under subsections (e) and (f) $50,000,000 for each 
of fiscal years 2023 through 2027.
SEC. 10103. BIOLOGICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH.

    (a) Program; Biological Systems; Biomolecular Characterization and 
Imaging Science.--Section 306 of the Department of Energy Research and 
Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18644) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (c), by redesignating paragraphs (6) 
        through (8) as paragraphs (5) through (7), respectively;
            (2) by redesignating subsections (b) through (d) as 
        subsections (d) through (f), respectively;
            (3) by striking subsection (a) and inserting the following:

    ``(a) Program.--As part of the duties of the Director authorized 
under section 209 of the Department of Energy Organization Act (42 
U.S.C. 7139), and coordinated with the activities authorized under 
sections 303 and 304, the Director shall carry out a program of research 
and development in the areas of biological systems science and climate 
and environmental science, including subsurface science, relevant to the 
development of new energy technologies and to support the energy, 
environmental, and national security missions of the Department.
    ``(b) Biological Systems.--The Director shall carry out research and 
development activities in genomic science including fundamental research 
on plants and microbes to increase systems-level understanding of the 
complex biological systems, which may include activities--
            ``(1) to provide a fundamental understanding of the biology 
        of plants, fungi, and microbes as a basis for developing 
        innovative processes for bioenergy and bioproducts and 
        accelerate breakthroughs and new knowledge that would enable the 
        cost-effective, sustainable production of--

[[Page 136 STAT. 1421]]

                    ``(A) advanced biofuels;
                    ``(B) bioenergy; and
                    ``(C) biobased materials;
            ``(2) to conduct foundational functional systems biology 
        research--
                    ``(A) to support expanded biosystems design 
                research; and
                    ``(B) to understand--
                          ``(i) fundamental genome structure; and
                          ``(ii) phenomes, including functional genomics 
                      of gene products at genome scale;
            ``(3) to develop biosystems designs and synthetic biology 
        approaches for new nonfood plant-derived and microbially derived 
        bioproducts as a basis for new bioeconomy and biotechnology 
        applications in bioproducts production, resource recovery, 
        recycling, and upcycling ventures;
            ``(4) to better understand the behavior of microbiomes in 
        the environment and the interdependencies between plants and 
        microbes in a sustainable ecosystem;
            ``(5) to improve fundamental understanding of plant and 
        microbial processes impacting the global carbon cycle, including 
        processes for removing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, 
        through photosynthesis and other biological processes, for 
        sequestration, storage, and utilization;
            ``(6) to understand the microbiome mechanisms and microbiota 
        used to transform, immobilize, or remove contaminants from 
        subsurface environments and that affect the cycling and 
        disposition of carbon, nutrients, and contaminants in the 
        environment;
            ``(7) to develop the computational approaches and integrated 
        platforms for open access collaborative science;
            ``(8) to leverage tools and approaches across the Office of 
        Science to expand research to include novel processes, methods, 
        and science to develop bio-based chemicals, polymers, inorganic 
        materials, including research--
                    ``(A) to advance fungal, microbial, and plant 
                biosystems design research to advance the understanding 
                of how CRISPR tools and other gene editing tools and 
                technologies work in nature, in the laboratory, and in 
                practice;
                    ``(B) to deepen genome-enabled knowledge of the 
                roles of microbes and microbial communities, including 
                fungi, in--
                          ``(i) supporting plant and tree growth, 
                      productivity, performance, adaptation, and 
                      resilience in changing environmental conditions; 
                      and
                          ``(ii) optimizing end uses of biomass;
                    ``(C) to develop biosystems design methods and tools 
                to increase the efficiency of photosynthesis in plants; 
                and
                    ``(D) to increase the scale and pace of 
                characterizing the functions and physical 
                characteristics of microbes and microbial communities to 
                improve biosystems design;
            ``(9) to conduct research focused on developing analysis 
        techniques and simulation capabilities, including artificial 
        intelligence and machine learning, on high-performance computing 
        platforms to accelerate collaborative and reproducible systems 
        biology research;

[[Page 136 STAT. 1422]]

            ``(10) to develop and improve new technologies for 
        bioimaging, measurement, and characterization purposes to 
        understand the structural, spatial, and temporal relationships 
        of metabolic processes governing phenotypic expression in plants 
        and microbes;
            ``(11) to conduct research focused on genotype-to-phenotype 
        translations to develop a predictive understanding of cellular 
        function under a variety of relevant environmental and 
        bioenergy-related conditions;
            ``(12) to conduct metagenomic and metadata assembly research 
        sequencing and analysis; and
            ``(13) to develop other relevant methods and processes as 
        determined by the Director.

    ``(c) Biomolecular Characterization and Imaging Science.--The 
Director shall carry out research and development activities in 
biomolecular characterization and imaging science, including development 
of new and integrative imaging and analysis platforms and biosensors to 
understand the expression, structure, and function of genome information 
encoded within cells and for real-time measurements in ecosystems and 
field sites of relevance to the mission of the Department.''; and
            (4) by adding at the end the following:

    ``(l) Definitions.--In this section:
            ``(1) Advanced biofuel.--The term `advanced biofuel' has the 
        meaning given the term in section 9001 of the Farm Security and 
        Rural Investment Act of 2002 (7 U.S.C. 8101).
            ``(2) Bioenergy.--The term `bioenergy' means energy derived 
        from biofuels.
            ``(3) Biomass.--The term `biomass' has the meaning given the 
        term in section 203(b) of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 
        U.S.C. 15852(b)).
            ``(4) Bioproduct.--The term `bioproduct' has the meaning 
        given the term `biobased product' in section 9001 of the Farm 
        Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 (7 U.S.C. 8101).''.

    (b) Low-dose Radiation Research Program.--Paragraph (8) of 
subsection (e) of section 306 of the Department of Energy Research and 
Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18644), as redesignated by subsection (a)(2), 
is amended--
            (1) in subparagraph (C), by striking ``and'';
            (2) in subparagraph (D), by striking the period at the end 
        and inserting a semicolon; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(E) $40,000,000 for fiscal year 2025;
                    ``(F) $50,000,000 for fiscal year 2026; and
                    ``(G) $50,000,000 for fiscal year 2027.''.

    (c) Low-dose Radiation and Space Radiation Research Program.--
Subsection (f) of section 306 of the Department of Energy Research and 
Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18644), as redesignated by subsection (a)(2), 
is amended to read as follows:
    ``(f) Low-dose Radiation and Space Radiation Research Program.--
            ``(1) <<NOTE: Consultation.>>  In general.--The Secretary, 
        in consultation with the Administrator of the National 
        Aeronautics and Space Administration, shall carry out a basic 
        research program on the similarities and differences between the 
        effects of exposure to low-dose radiation on Earth, in low Earth 
        orbit, and in the space environment.

[[Page 136 STAT. 1423]]

            ``(2) Purpose.--The purpose of the program described in 
        paragraph (1) is to accelerate breakthroughs in low-dose and low 
        dose-rate radiation research and development as described in 
        subsection (e) and to inform the advancement of new tools, 
        technologies, and advanced materials needed to facilitate long-
        duration space exploration.''.

    (d) Climate, Environmental Science, and Other Activities.--Section 
306 of the Department of Energy Research and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 
18644) (as amended by subsection (a)) is amended by inserting after 
subsection (f) the following:
    ``(g) Earth and Environmental Systems Sciences Activities.--
            ``(1) <<NOTE: Coordination.>>  In general.--As part of the 
        activities authorized under subsection (a), and in coordination 
        with activities carried out under subsection (b), the Director 
        shall coordinate with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric 
        Administration, the National Science Foundation, the 
        Environmental Protection Agency, the National Aeronautics and 
        Space Administration, the Department of Agriculture, the 
        Department of the Interior, and any other relevant agencies to 
        carry out activities relating to Earth and environmental systems 
        science research, which may include activities--
                    ``(A) to understand, observe, measure, and model the 
                response of Earth's atmosphere and biosphere to changing 
                concentrations of greenhouse gas emissions and any 
                associated changes in climate, including frequency and 
                intensity of extreme weather events;
                    ``(B) to understand the coupled physical, chemical, 
                and biological processes to transform, immobilize, 
                remove, or move carbon, nitrogen, and other energy 
                production-derived contaminants such as radionuclides 
                and heavy metals, and understand the process of 
                sequestration and transformation of these, carbon 
                dioxide, and other relevant molecules in subsurface 
                environments;
                    ``(C) to understand, observe, and model the cycling 
                of water, carbon, and nutrients in terrestrial systems 
                across spatiotemporal scales;
                    ``(D) to understand the biological, biogeochemical, 
                and physical processes across the multiple scales that 
                control the flux of environmentally relevant compounds 
                between the terrestrial surface and the atmosphere; and
                    ``(E) to understand and predict interactions among 
                natural and human systems to inform potential mitigation 
                and adaptation options for increased concentrations of 
                greenhouse gas emissions and any associated changes in 
                climate.
            ``(2) Prioritization.--In carrying out the program 
        authorized under paragraph (1), the Director shall prioritize--
                    ``(A) the development of software and algorithms to 
                enable the productive application of environmental 
                systems and extreme weather in climate and Earth system 
                prediction models in high-performance computing systems; 
                and
                    ``(B) capabilities that support the Department's 
                mission needs for energy and infrastructure security, 
                resilience, and reliability.
            ``(3) Environmental systems science research.--

[[Page 136 STAT. 1424]]

                    ``(A) In general.--As part of the activities 
                described in paragraph (1), the Director shall carry out 
                research to advance an integrated, robust, and scale-
                aware predictive understanding of environmental systems, 
                including the role of hydrobiogeochemistry, from the 
                subsurface to the top of the vegetative canopy that 
                considers effects of seasonal to interannual variability 
                and change.
                    ``(B) Clean water and watershed research.--As part 
                of the activities described in subparagraph (A), the 
                Director shall--
                          ``(i) support interdisciplinary research to 
                      significantly advance our understanding of water 
                      availability, quality, and the impact of human 
                      activity and a changing climate on urban and rural 
                      watershed systems, including in freshwater 
                      environments;
                          ``(ii) <<NOTE: Consultation.>>  consult with 
                      the Interagency Research, Development, and 
                      Demonstration Coordination Committee on the Nexus 
                      of Energy and Water for Sustainability established 
                      under section 1010 of the Energy Act of 2020 
                      (Public Law 116-260) on energy-water nexus 
                      research activities;
                          ``(iii) engage with representatives of 
                      research and academic institutions, nonprofit 
                      organizations, State, territorial, local, and 
                      Tribal governments, and industry, who have 
                      expertise in technologies, technological 
                      innovations, or practices relating to the energy-
                      water nexus, as applicable; and
                          ``(iv) <<NOTE: Coordination.>>  coordinate 
                      with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric 
                      Administration, the National Science Foundation, 
                      the Environmental Protection Agency, the National 
                      Aeronautics and Space Administration, the 
                      Department of Agriculture, the Department of the 
                      Interior, and any other relevant agency.
                    ``(C) Coordination.--
                          ``(i) Director.--The Director shall carry out 
                      activities under this paragraph in accordance with 
                      priorities established by the Secretary to support 
                      and accelerate the decontamination of relevant 
                      facilities managed by the Department.
                          ``(ii) Secretary.--The Secretary shall ensure 
                      the coordination of activities of the Department, 
                      including activities under this paragraph, to 
                      support and accelerate the decontamination of 
                      relevant facilities managed by the Department.
            ``(4) <<NOTE: Coordination.>>  Climate and earth modeling.--
        As part of the activities described in paragraph (1), the 
        Director, in collaboration with the Advanced Scientific 
        Computing Research program described in section 304 and other 
        programs carried out by the Department, as applicable, and in 
        coordination with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric 
        Administration, the National Science Foundation, the National 
        Aeronautics and Space Administration, and other relevant 
        agencies, shall carry out research to develop, evaluate, and use 
        high-resolution regional climate, global climate, Earth system, 
        and other relevant models to inform decisions on reducing 
        greenhouse gas emissions and the resulting impacts of a changing 
        global climate. Such modeling shall include--

[[Page 136 STAT. 1425]]

                    ``(A) integrated capabilities for modeling 
                multisectoral interactions, including the impacts of 
                climate policies on human systems and the 
                interdependencies and risks at the energy-water-land 
                nexus;
                    ``(B) greenhouse gas emissions, air quality, energy 
                supply and demand, and other critical elements; and
                    ``(C) interaction among human and Earth systems 
                informed by interdisciplinary research, including the 
                economic and social sciences.
            ``(5) Midscale funding mechanism.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Any of the activities authorized 
                in this subsection may be carried out, in lieu of 
                individual research grants--
                          ``(i) by competitively selected midscale, 
                      multi-institutional research centers;
                          ``(ii) by large-scale experiments or user 
                      facilities; or
                          ``(iii) through existing facilities and 
                      systems of the Department or the National Oceanic 
                      and Atmospheric Administration.
                    ``(B) <<NOTE: Recommenda- tions.>>  Consideration.--
                The Biological and Environmental Research Advisory 
                Committee shall provide recommendations to the Director 
                on projects most suitable for the research centers 
                described in subparagraph (A).
            ``(6) <<NOTE: Coordination.>>  Atmospheric systems and 
        sciences research program.--
                    ``(A) In general.--As part of the activities carried 
                out under paragraph (1), the Director shall carry out a 
                program, to be known as the `Atmospheric Systems and 
                Sciences Research Program', to use observations to 
                improve understanding of atmospheric processes, under 
                which the Director, in coordination, and as appropriate, 
                collaboration, with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric 
                Administration and other relevant Federal agencies 
                conducting research under the topics described in this 
                subparagraph, shall conduct research relating to--
                          ``(i) better understanding the atmosphere and 
                      the interaction of the atmosphere with the surface 
                      of the Earth;
                          ``(ii) understanding sources of uncertainty in 
                      Earth system models, including with respect to the 
                      interdependence of clouds, atmospheric aerosols, 
                      radiation processes, and precipitation;
                          ``(iii) understanding the radiative balance 
                      and hydrological cycle of Earth;
                          ``(iv) demonstrating the improved 
                      predictability of regional and global atmospheric 
                      models due to improved process-level 
                      understanding;
                          ``(v) atmospheric regimes with large 
                      uncertainties in earth system prediction, aerosol 
                      processes, warm boundary-layer processes, 
                      convective processes, and high-latitude processes;
                          ``(vi) reduced uncertainty and improved 
                      simulation capability of earth system models of 
                      the atmospheric system in a holistic, 
                      comprehensive fashion; and
                          ``(vii) understanding and modeling 
                      representation of priority research areas, 
                      including aerosol, warm

[[Page 136 STAT. 1426]]

                      boundary layer, convective, and high-latitude 
                      processes.
                    ``(B) Activities.--In carrying out the Atmospheric 
                Systems and Sciences Research Program, the Director 
                shall, in coordination, and as appropriate, in 
                collaboration, with other relevant Federal agencies--
                          ``(i) collect data and conduct research to 
                      advance atmospheric and Earth system modeling 
                      capabilities;
                          ``(ii) develop or participate in existing or 
                      future integrated, scalable test-beds that--
                                    ``(I) incorporate process-level 
                                understanding of the life cycles of 
                                aerosols, clouds, and precipitation; and
                                    ``(II) can be incorporated into 
                                other models;
                          ``(iii) improve data, analysis, and prediction 
                      systems in marine, littoral, terrestrial, and 
                      arctic environments, including those environments 
                      sensitive to changes in the climate, relating to 
                      the energy and science mission of the Department; 
                      and
                          ``(iv) support the development of technologies 
                      relating to--
                                    ``(I) more accurate cloud, aerosol, 
                                and other atmospheric sensors;
                                    ``(II) observing sensor networks; 
                                and
                                    ``(III) computational predictive 
                                modeling.
                    ``(C) Use of atmospheric radiation measurement 
                program facilities and infrastructure.--To support the 
                Atmospheric Systems and Sciences Research Program and, 
                in coordination, and as appropriate, in collaboration, 
                with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 
                and other relevant Federal agencies, to improve 
                fundamental understanding of the physical and chemical 
                processes that impact the formation, life cycle, and 
                radiative impacts of cloud and aerosol particles, 
                atmospheric processes, and surface or subsurface 
                phenomena, the Director shall use the facilities and 
                infrastructure of the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement 
                User Facility, the Global Monitoring Laboratory of the 
                National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, or 
                other Earth and Environmental Systems Sciences User 
                Facilities--
                          ``(i) to provide support to environmental 
                      scientists by collecting high-quality and well-
                      characterized in-situ, remote-sensing, and 
                      aircraft observations of--
                                    ``(I) the microphysical properties 
                                of clouds and atmospheric aerosols;
                                    ``(II) the coincident and highly 
                                detailed dynamical and thermodynamic 
                                properties of the atmospheric 
                                environment that contains those clouds 
                                and aerosols;
                                    ``(III) the properties of 
                                precipitation;
                                    ``(IV) the properties of radiation 
                                and the background environment; and
                                    ``(V) the properties of surface or 
                                subsurface phenomena;
                          ``(ii) to carry out laboratory studies and 
                      ground-based and airborne field campaigns to 
                      target specific atmospheric and surface or 
                      subsurface processes

[[Page 136 STAT. 1427]]

                      relating to the energy and science mission of the 
                      Department in different locations and across a 
                      range of environments, including by developing 
                      technologies to assist in advancing predictive 
                      capabilities;
                          ``(iii) to build data sets that can be 
                      incorporated into atmospheric models; and
                          ``(iv) to enhance observations by using 
                      modeling and simulations that test the accuracy of 
                      climate model parameterizations.

    ``(h) Biological and Environmental Research User Facilities.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Director shall carry out a program 
        for the development, construction, operation, and maintenance of 
        user facilities to enhance the collection and analysis of 
        observational data related to complex biological, climate, and 
        environmental systems.
            ``(2) Selection.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Director shall select user 
                facilities under paragraph (1) on a competitive, merit-
                reviewed basis.
                    ``(B) Applicants.--In selecting user facilities 
                under paragraph (1), the Director shall consider 
                applications from the National Laboratories, 
                institutions of higher education, multi-institutional 
                collaborations, and other appropriate entities.
            ``(3) Facility requirements.--To the maximum extent 
        practicable, the user facilities developed, constructed, 
        operated, or maintained under paragraph (1) shall include--
                    ``(A) distributed field research and observation 
                platforms for understanding earth system processes;
                    ``(B) analytical techniques, instruments, and 
                modeling resources, including high-throughput molecular 
                phenotyping, for understanding and predicting the 
                functional processes of biological and environmental 
                systems;
                    ``(C) integrated high-throughput sequencing, 
                advanced bioanalytic techniques, DNA design and 
                synthesis, metabolomics, and computational analysis; and
                    ``(D) such other facilities as the Director 
                considers appropriate, consistent with section 209 of 
                the Department of Energy Organization Act (42 U.S.C. 
                7139).
            ``(4) Existing facilities.--In carrying out the program 
        established under paragraph (1), the Director is encouraged to 
        evaluate the capabilities of existing user facilities and, to 
        the maximum extent practicable, invest in modernization of those 
        capabilities to address emerging research priorities.
            ``(5) Earth and environmental systems sciences user 
        facilities.--In carrying out the program established under 
        paragraph (1), the Director shall operate at least 1 user 
        facility to advance the collection, validation, and analysis of 
        atmospheric data, including through activities--
                    ``(A) to advance knowledge of the Earth and 
                environmental systems and improve model representations; 
                and
                    ``(B) to measure the impact of atmospheric gases, 
                aerosols, and clouds on the Earth and environmental 
                systems.
            ``(6) Microbial molecular phenotyping capability project.--

[[Page 136 STAT. 1428]]

                    ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall provide for 
                the expansion of the Environmental Molecular Sciences 
                Laboratory, or subsequent facility successor, to advance 
                high-throughput microbial plant and molecular 
                phenotyping capability to accelerate discovery of new 
                protein functions and metabolic pathways in microbial 
                systems.
                    ``(B) Capabilities.--In carrying out subparagraph 
                (A), the Secretary shall ensure the following 
                capabilities:
                          ``(i) Coupled high-throughput autonomous 
                      experimental and multimodal analytical 
                      capabilities.
                          ``(ii) Direct integration of automated 
                      multiomics analyses, biomolecular and cellular 
                      imaging, and functional biological assays with 
                      high-throughput microbial culturing and 
                      cultivation capabilities at timescales relevant to 
                      biological processes under natural and perturbed 
                      environmental conditions.
                    ``(C) Data coordination.--In carrying out 
                subparagraph (A), the Secretary shall ensure integration 
                and coordination with existing data platforms and user 
                facilities of the Department.
                    ``(D) <<NOTE: Deadline.>>  Start of operations.--
                Subject to the availability of appropriations, the 
                Secretary shall begin carrying out subparagraph (A) not 
                later than September 29, 2027.
                    ``(E) Funding.--Of the funds authorized to be 
                appropriated under subsection (k) for a fiscal year, 
                there are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary 
                to carry out this paragraph--
                          ``(i) $550,000 for fiscal year 2023;
                          ``(ii) $29,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
                          ``(iii) $32,000,000 for fiscal year 2025;
                          ``(iv) $30,500,000 for fiscal year 2026; and
                          ``(v) $27,500,000 for fiscal year 2027.
            ``(7) User facilities integration and collaboration 
        program.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Director shall support a 
                program of collaboration between user facilities to 
                encourage and enable researchers to more readily 
                integrate the tools, expertise, resources, and 
                capabilities of multiple Office of Science user 
                facilities (as described in subsection (d) of section 
                209 of the Department of Energy Organization Act (42 
                U.S.C. 7139)) to further research and advance emerging 
                technologies.
                    ``(B) <<NOTE: Determination.>>  Activities.--The 
                program shall advance the integration of automation, 
                robotics, computational biology, bioinformatics, 
                biosensing, cellular platforms and other relevant 
                emerging technologies as determined by the Director to 
                enhance productivity and scientific impact of user 
                facilities.
            ``(8) Coordination.--In carrying out the program authorized 
        under paragraph (1), the Director shall ensure that the Office 
        of Science coordinates with--
                    ``(A) the National Oceanic Atmospheric 
                Administration, the Environmental Protection Agency, the 
                National Aeronautics and Space Administration, the 
                Department of Agriculture, the Department of the 
                Interior, and any other relevant Federal agency on the 
                collection, validation, and analysis of atmospheric 
                data; and

[[Page 136 STAT. 1429]]

                    ``(B) relevant stakeholders, including institutions 
                of higher education, nonprofit research institutions, 
                industry, State, territorial, local, and Tribal 
                governments, and other appropriate entities to ensure 
                access to the best available relevant atmospheric and 
                historical weather data.

    ``(i) Terrestrial-aquatic Interface Research Initiative.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Director shall carry out a research 
        program to enhance the understanding of terrestrial-aquatic 
        interface. In carrying out the program, the Director shall 
        prioritize efforts to enhance the collection of observational 
        data, and shall develop models to analyze the natural and human 
        processes that interact in littoral zones.
            ``(2) Littoral data collection system.--The Director shall 
        establish an integrated system of geographically diverse field 
        research sites in order to improve the scientific understanding 
        and predictability of the major land water interfaces of the 
        United States through improved data quantity and quality, 
        including in--
                    ``(A) the Great Lakes region;
                    ``(B) the Pacific coast;
                    ``(C) the Atlantic coast;
                    ``(D) the Arctic;
                    ``(E) the Gulf coast; and
                    ``(F) the coasts of United States territories and 
                freely associated States.
            ``(3) Existing infrastructure.--In carrying out the programs 
        and establishing the field research sites under paragraphs (1) 
        and (2), the Secretary shall leverage existing research and 
        development infrastructure supported by the Department, 
        including the Department's existing marine and coastal research 
        lab.
            ``(4) <<NOTE: Contracts.>>  Coordination.--For the purposes 
        of carrying out the programs and establishing the field research 
        sites under paragraphs (1) and (2), the Secretary may enter into 
        agreements with Federal departments and agencies with 
        complementary capabilities, including the National Oceanic and 
        Atmospheric Administration and any other relevant Federal agency 
        as appropriate.
            ``(5) Report.--Not earlier than 2 years after the date of 
        enactment of the Research and Development, Competition, and 
        Innovation Act, the Director shall provide to the Committee on 
        Science, Space, and Technology, the Committee on Natural 
        Resources, and the Committee on Appropriations of the House of 
        Representatives, and the Committee on Energy and Natural 
        Resources and the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate, a 
        report examining whether the system described in paragraph (2) 
        should be established as a National User Facility within the 
        Department or as a research facility within another Federal 
        agency.
            ``(6) Interoperability.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Director shall ensure that 
                activities carried out under paragraphs (1) and (2), 
                including observation, data collection, monitoring, and 
                model development and enhancements, are interoperable 
                and may be integrated with existing related systems at 
                the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and 
                other relevant Federal agencies, as practicable.

[[Page 136 STAT. 1430]]

                    ``(B) Resources.--In carrying out subparagraph (A), 
                in support of interoperability, as practicable, the 
                Director may make available to other Federal agencies 
                high performance computing resources.
                    ``(C) NOAA.--The National Oceanic and Atmospheric 
                Administration shall integrate the data collected under 
                the programs carried out under paragraphs (1) and (2) 
                into relevant data systems and models, as practicable.

    ``(j) Engineered Ecosystems Initiative.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall establish within the 
        Biological and Environmental Research program an initiative 
        focused on the development of engineered ecosystems through the 
        application of artificial intelligence, novel sensing 
        capabilities, and other emerging technologies.
            ``(2) Interagency coordination.--The Secretary shall 
        coordinate with the Director of the National Science Foundation, 
        the Administrator of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric 
        Administration, the Director of the U.S. Geological Survey, the 
        Secretary of Agriculture, and other relevant officials to avoid 
        duplication of research and observational activities and to 
        ensure that activities carried out under the initiative 
        established under paragraph (1) are complimentary to activities 
        being undertaken by other agencies.
            ``(3) Report.--Not later than 180 days after the date of 
        enactment of the Research and Development, Competition, and 
        Innovation Act, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on 
        Science, Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives 
        and the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate 
        a report on the activity authorized under this subsection.

    ``(k) <<NOTE: Time periods.>>  Authorization of Appropriations.--Out 
of funds authorized to be appropriated for the Office of Science in a 
fiscal year, there are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to 
carry out the activities described in this section--
            ``(1) $885,420,000 for fiscal year 2023;
            ``(2) $946,745,200 for fiscal year 2024;
            ``(3) $1,001,149,912 for fiscal year 2025;
            ``(4) $1,068,818,907 for fiscal year 2026; and
            ``(5) $1,129,948,041 for fiscal year 2027.''.

    (e) Bioenergy Research Centers.--Section 977 of the Energy Policy 
Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16317) is amended by striking subsection (f) and 
inserting the following:
    ``(f) Bioenergy Research Centers.--
            ``(1) In general.--In carrying out the program under section 
        306(a) of the Department of Energy Research and Innovation Act 
        (42 U.S.C. 18644(a)), the Director shall support up to 6 
        bioenergy research centers to conduct fundamental research in 
        plant and microbial systems biology, biological imaging and 
        analysis, and genomics, and to accelerate advanced research and 
        development of advanced biofuels, bioenergy or biobased 
        materials, chemicals, and products that are produced from a 
        variety of regionally diverse feedstocks, and to facilitate the 
        translation of research results to industry. The activities of 
        the centers authorized under this subsection may include--
                    ``(A) accelerating the domestication of bioenergy-
                relevant plants, microbes, and associated microbial 
                communities to enable high-impact, value-added coproduct

[[Page 136 STAT. 1431]]

                development at multiple points in the bioenergy supply 
                chain;
                    ``(B) developing the science and technological 
                advances to ensure process sustainability is considered 
                in the creation of advanced biofuels and bioproducts 
                from lignocellulosic biomass; and
                    ``(C) using the latest tools in genomics, molecular 
                biology, catalysis science, chemical engineering, 
                systems biology, and computational and robotics 
                technologies to sustainably produce and transform 
                biomass into advanced biofuels and bioproducts.
            ``(2) Selection and duration.--
                    ``(A) In general.--A center established under 
                paragraph (1) shall be selected on a competitive, merit-
                reviewed basis for a period of not more than 5 years, 
                subject to the availability of appropriations, beginning 
                on the date of establishment of that center.
                    ``(B) Applications.--The Director shall consider 
                applications from National Laboratories, multi-
                institutional collaborations, and other appropriate 
                entities.
                    ``(C) Existing centers.--A center already in 
                existence on the date of enactment of the Research and 
                Development, Competition, and Innovation Act may 
                continue to receive support for a period of not more 
                than 5 years beginning on the date of establishment of 
                that center.
                    ``(D) New centers.--The Director shall select any 
                new center pursuant to paragraph (1) on a competitive, 
                merit-reviewed basis, with special consideration for 
                applications from an institution of higher education (as 
                defined in section 101 of the Higher Education Act of 
                1965 (20 U.S.C. 1001)) that is located in an eligible 
                jurisdiction (as defined in section 2203(b)(3)(A) of the 
                Energy Policy Act of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 13503(b)(3)(A))).
            ``(3) <<NOTE: Time periods.>>  Renewal.--After the end of 
        the applicable period described in paragraph (2), the Director 
        may renew support for a center for a period of not more than 5 
        years on a merit-reviewed basis. For a center in operation for 
        10 years after its previous selection on a competitive, merit-
        reviewed basis, the Director may renew support for the center on 
        a competitive, merit-reviewed basis for a period of not more 
        than 5 years, and may subsequently provide an additional renewal 
        on a merit-reviewed basis for a period of not more than 5 years.
            ``(4) Activities.--Centers shall undertake research 
        activities to accelerate the production of advanced biofuels and 
        bioproducts from biomass resources by identifying the most 
        suitable species of plants for use as energy crops; and 
        improving methods of breeding, propagation, planting, producing, 
        harvesting, storage and processing. Activities may include the 
        following:
                    ``(A) Research activities to increase 
                sustainability, including--
                          ``(i) advancing knowledge of how bioenergy 
                      crop interactions with biotic and abiotic 
                      environmental factors influence crop growth, 
                      yield, and quality;
                          ``(ii) identifying the most impactful research 
                      areas that address the economics of advanced 
                      biofuels and bioproducts production; and

[[Page 136 STAT. 1432]]

                          ``(iii) utilizing multiscale modeling to 
                      advance predictive understanding of advanced 
                      biofuel cropping ecosystems.
                    ``(B) Research activities to further feedstock 
                development, including lignocellulosic, algal, gaseous 
                wastes including carbon oxides and methane, and direct 
                air capture of single carbon gases via plants and 
                microbes, including--
                          ``(i) developing genetic and genomic tools, 
                      high-throughput analytical tools, and biosystems 
                      design approaches to enhance bioenergy feedstocks 
                      and their associated microbiomes;
                          ``(ii) conducting field testing of new 
                      potential bioenergy feedstock crops under 
                      environmentally benign and geographically diverse 
                      conditions to assess viability and robustness; and
                          ``(iii) developing quantitative models 
                      informed by experimentation to predict how 
                      bioenergy feedstocks perform under diverse 
                      conditions.
                    ``(C) Research activities to improve lignocellulosic 
                deconstruction and separation methods, including--
                          ``(i) developing feedstock-agnostic 
                      deconstruction processes capable of efficiently 
                      fractionating biomass into targeted output 
                      streams;
                          ``(ii) gaining a detailed understanding of 
                      plant cell wall biosynthesis, composition, 
                      structure, and properties during deconstruction; 
                      and
                          ``(iii) improving enzymes and approaches for 
                      biomass breakdown and cellulose, hemicellulose, 
                      and lignin processing.
                    ``(D) Research activities to improve the feedstock 
                conversion process for advanced biofuels and 
                bioproducts, including--
                          ``(i) developing high-throughput methods to 
                      screen or select high-performance microbial 
                      strains and communities to improve product 
                      formation rates, yields, and selectivity;
                          ``(ii) establishing a broad set of platform 
                      microorganisms and microbial communities suitable 
                      for metabolic engineering to produce advanced 
                      biofuels and bioproducts and high-throughput 
                      methods for experimental validation of gene 
                      function;
                          ``(iii) developing techniques to enhance 
                      microbial robustness for tolerating toxins to 
                      improve advanced biofuel and bioproduct yields and 
                      to gain a better understanding of the cellular and 
                      molecular bases of tolerance for major chemical 
                      classes of inhibitors found in these processes;
                          ``(iv) advancing technologies for the use of 
                      batch, continuous, and consolidated bioprocessing;
                          ``(v) identifying, creating, and optimizing 
                      microbial and chemical pathways to produce 
                      promising, atom-economical intermediates and final 
                      bioproducts from biomass with considerations given 
                      to environmentally benign processes;
                          ``(vi) developing high-throughput, real-time, 
                      in situ analytical techniques to understand and 
                      characterize

[[Page 136 STAT. 1433]]

                      the pre- and post-bioproduct separation streams in 
                      detail;
                          ``(vii) creating methodologies for efficiently 
                      identifying viable target molecules, identifying 
                      high-value bioproducts in existing biomass 
                      streams, and utilizing current byproduct streams;
                          ``(viii) identifying and improving plant 
                      feedstocks with enhanced extractable levels of 
                      desired bioproducts or bioproduct precursors, 
                      including lignin streams; and
                          ``(ix) developing integrated biological and 
                      chemical catalytic approaches to valorize and 
                      produce a diverse portfolio of advanced biofuels 
                      and bioproducts.
            ``(5) Industry partnerships.--Centers shall establish 
        industry partnerships to translate research results to 
        commercial applications.
            ``(6) Coordination.--In coordination with the Bioenergy 
        Technologies Office of the Department, the Secretary shall 
        support interdisciplinary research activities to improve the 
        capacity, efficiency, resilience, security, reliability, and 
        affordability, of the production and use of advanced biofuels 
        and bioproducts, as well as activities to enable positive 
        impacts and avoid the potential negative impacts that the 
        production and use of advanced biofuels and bioproducts may have 
        on ecosystems, people, and historically marginalized 
        communities.
            ``(7) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  Funding.--Of the funds 
        authorized to be appropriated under subsection (k) of section 
        306 of the Department of Energy Research and Innovation Act (42 
        U.S.C. 18644) for a fiscal year, there is authorized to be 
        appropriated to the Secretary to carry out this subsection 
        $30,000,000 per center established under paragraph (1) for each 
        of fiscal years 2023 through 2027.
            ``(8) Definitions.--In this subsection:
                    ``(A) Advanced biofuel.--The term `advanced biofuel' 
                has the meaning given the term in section 9001 of the 
                Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 (7 U.S.C. 
                8101).
                    ``(B) Bioenergy.--The term `bioenergy' means energy 
                derived from biofuels.
                    ``(C) Biomass.--The term `biomass' has the meaning 
                given the term in section 203(b) of the Energy Policy 
                Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 15852(b)).
                    ``(D) Bioproduct.--The term `bioproduct' has the 
                meaning given the term `biobased product' in section 
                9001 of the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 
                2002 (7 U.S.C. 8101).''.
SEC. 10104. ADVANCED SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING RESEARCH PROGRAM.

    (a) Advanced Scientific Computing Research.--Section 304 of the 
Department of Energy Research and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18642) is 
amended--
            (1) <<NOTE: 15 USC 5501 note, 5541, 5542; 42 USC 16316, 
        18642.>>  by redesignating subsections (a) through (c) as 
        subsections (b) through (d), respectively;
            (2) by inserting before subsection (b), as so redesignated, 
        the following:

    ``(a) <<NOTE: Coordination.>>  In General.--As part of the 
activities authorized under section 209 of the Department of Energy 
Organization Act (42 U.S.C. 7139), the Director shall carry out, in 
coordination with

[[Page 136 STAT. 1434]]

academia and relevant public and private sector entities, a research, 
development, and demonstration program--
            ``(1) to steward applied mathematics, computational science, 
        and computer science research relevant to the missions of the 
        Department and the competitiveness of the United States;
            ``(2) to develop modeling, simulation, and other 
        computational tools relevant to other scientific disciplines and 
        to the development of new energy technologies and other 
        technologies;
            ``(3) to advance computing and networking capabilities for 
        data-driven discovery; and
            ``(4) to develop advanced scientific computing hardware and 
        software tools for science and engineering.'';
            (3) in subsection (c), as so redesignated--
                    (A) by striking ``The Director'' and inserting the 
                following:
            ``(1) Director.--The Director''; and
                    (B) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(2) <<NOTE: Determination.>>  Coordination.--The Under 
        Secretary for Science shall ensure the coordination of the 
        activities of the Department, including activities under this 
        section, to determine and meet the computational and networking 
        research and facility needs of the Office of Science and all 
        other relevant energy technology and energy efficiency programs 
        within the Department and with other Federal agencies as 
        appropriate.'';
            (4) by amending subsection (d), as so redesignated, to read 
        as follows:

    ``(d) Applied Mathematics and Software Development for High-End 
Computing Systems and Computer Sciences Research.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Director shall carry out activities 
        to develop, test, and support--
                    ``(A) mathematics, statistics, and algorithms for 
                modeling complex systems relevant to the missions of the 
                Department, including on advanced computing 
                architectures; and
                    ``(B) tools, languages, programming environments, 
                and operations for high-end computing systems (as 
                defined in section 2 of the American Super Computing 
                Leadership Act of 2017 (15 U.S.C. 5541)).
            ``(2) Portfolio balance.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Director shall maintain a 
                balanced portfolio within the advanced scientific 
                computing research and development program established 
                under section 976 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 
                U.S.C. 16316) that supports robust investment in--
                          ``(i) applied mathematical, computational, and 
                      computer sciences research needs relevant to the 
                      mission of the Department, including foundational 
                      areas that are critical to the advancement of 
                      energy sciences and technologies and new and 
                      emerging computing technologies; and
                          ``(ii) associated high-performance computing 
                      hardware and facilities.
                    ``(B) Exascale ecosystem sustainment.--
                          ``(i) Sense of congress.--It is the sense of 
                      Congress that the Exascale Computing Project has 
                      successfully created a broad ecosystem that 
                      provides shared

[[Page 136 STAT. 1435]]

                      software packages, novel evaluation systems, and 
                      applications relevant to the science and 
                      engineering requirements of the Department, and 
                      that such products must be maintained and improved 
                      in order that the full potential of the deployed 
                      systems can be continuously realized.
                          ``(ii) Sustainment.--The Secretary shall seek 
                      to sustain and evolve the ecosystem described in 
                      clause (i) to ensure that the exascale software 
                      stack and other research software will continue to 
                      be maintained, hardened, and otherwise optimized 
                      for long-term use on exascale systems and beyond 
                      and reliable availability to the user 
                      community.''; and
            (5) by adding at the end the following:

    ``(e) Advanced Computing Program.--
            ``(1) <<NOTE: Strategies.>>  In general.--The Secretary 
        shall establish a program to develop and implement a strategy 
        for achieving computing systems with capabilities beyond 
        exascale computing systems. In establishing this program, the 
        Secretary shall--
                    ``(A) maintain foundational research programs in 
                mathematical, computational, and computer sciences 
                focused on new and emerging computing needs within the 
                mission of the Department, including post-Moore's law 
                computing architectures, novel approaches to modeling 
                and simulation, artificial intelligence and scientific 
                machine learning, quantum computing, edge computing, 
                extreme heterogeneity, including potential quantum 
                accelerators, and distributed high-performance 
                computing;
                    ``(B) retain best practices and maintain support for 
                essential hardware, applications, and software elements 
                of the Exascale Computing Program that are necessary for 
                sustaining the vitality of a long-term capable software 
                ecosystem for exascale and beyond; and
                    ``(C) develop a Department-wide strategy for 
                balancing on-premises and cloud-based computing and 
                scientific data management.
            ``(2) Report.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
        enactment of the Research and Development, Competition, and 
        Innovation Act, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on 
        Science, Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives 
        and the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate 
        a report on the development and implementation of the strategy 
        described in paragraph (1).

    ``(f) Guidance on Mitigation of Bias in High-performance Computing 
Capabilities.--In leveraging high-performance computing systems for 
research purposes, including through the use of machine learning 
algorithms for data analysis and artificial intelligence, the Secretary 
shall issue, and ensure adherence to, guidance for the Department, the 
National Laboratories, and users as to how those capabilities should be 
employed in a manner that mitigates and, to the maximum extent 
practicable, avoids harmful algorithmic bias.
    ``(g) Architectural Research in Heterogeneous Computing Systems.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall carry out a program 
        of research and development in heterogeneous and reconfigurable 
        computing systems to expand understanding of

[[Page 136 STAT. 1436]]

        the potential for heterogeneous and reconfigurable computing 
        systems to deliver high performance, high efficiency computing 
        for Department mission challenges. The program shall include 
        research and development that explores the convergence of big 
        data analytics, simulations, and artificial intelligence to 
        drive the design of heterogeneous computing system 
        architectures.
            ``(2) Coordination.--In carrying out the program described 
        in paragraph (1), the Secretary shall ensure coordination 
        between research activities undertaken by the Advanced 
        Scientific Computing Research program and materials research 
        supported by the Basic Energy Sciences program within the Office 
        of Science.

    ``(h) Energy Efficient Computing Program.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall support a program of 
        fundamental research, development, and demonstration of energy 
        efficient computing and data center technologies relevant to 
        advanced computing applications, including high-performance 
        computing, artificial intelligence, and scientific machine 
        learning.
            ``(2) Execution.--
                    ``(A) Program.--In carrying out the program under 
                paragraph (1), the Secretary shall--
                          ``(i) establish a partnership for National 
                      Laboratories, industry partners, and institutions 
                      of higher education for codesign of energy 
                      efficient hardware, technology, software, and 
                      applications across all applicable program offices 
                      of the Department, and provide access to energy 
                      efficient computing resources to such partners;
                          ``(ii) develop hardware and software 
                      technologies that decrease the energy needs of 
                      advanced computing practices, including through 
                      data center codesign;
                          ``(iii) consider multiple heterogeneous 
                      computing architectures in collaboration with the 
                      program established under subsection (g), 
                      including neuromorphic computing, persistent 
                      computing, and ultrafast networking; and
                          ``(iv) provide, as appropriate, on a 
                      competitive, merit-reviewed basis, access for 
                      researchers from institutions of higher education, 
                      National Laboratories, industry, and other Federal 
                      agencies to the energy efficient computing 
                      technologies developed pursuant to clause (i).
                    ``(B) Selection of partners.--In selecting 
                participants for the partnership established under 
                subparagraph (A)(i), the Secretary shall select 
                participants through a competitive, merit review 
                process.
                    ``(C) Report.--Not later than 1 year after the date 
                of enactment of the Research and Development, 
                Competition, and Innovation Act, the Secretary shall 
                submit to the Committee on Science, Space, and 
                Technology of the House of Representatives and the 
                Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate 
                a report on--
                          ``(i) the activities conducted under 
                      subparagraph (A); and

[[Page 136 STAT. 1437]]

                          ``(ii) the coordination and management of the 
                      program under subparagraph (A) to ensure an 
                      integrated research program across the Department.

    ``(i) Energy Sciences Network.--
            ``(1) <<NOTE: Data.>>  In general.--The Secretary shall 
        provide for upgrades to the Energy Sciences Network user 
        facility in order to meet the research needs of the Department 
        for highly reliable data transport capabilities optimized for 
        the requirements of large-scale science.
            ``(2) Capabilities.--In carrying out paragraph (1), the 
        Secretary shall ensure the following capabilities:
                    ``(A) To provide high bandwidth scientific 
                networking across the continental United States and the 
                Atlantic Ocean.
                    ``(B) To ensure network reliability.
                    ``(C) To protect the network infrastructure from 
                cyberattacks.
                    ``(D) To manage transport of exponentially 
                increasing levels of data from the Department's National 
                Laboratories and sites, user facilities, experiments, 
                and sensors.
                    ``(E) To contribute to the integration of 
                heterogeneous computing frameworks and systems.

    ``(j) Computational Science Graduate Fellowship.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall support the 
        Computational Science Graduate Fellowship program in order to 
        facilitate collaboration between graduate students and 
        researchers at the National Laboratories, and contribute to the 
        development of a diverse and inclusive computational workforce 
        to help advance research in all areas of computational science 
        relevant to the mission of the Department, including quantum 
        computing.
            ``(2) <<NOTE: Time periods.>>  Funding.--Of the funds 
        authorized to be appropriated for the Advanced Scientific 
        Computing Research Program, there are authorized to be 
        appropriated to the Secretary for carrying out activities under 
        this subsection--
                    ``(A) $15,750,000 for fiscal year 2023;
                    ``(B) $16,537,500 for fiscal year 2024;
                    ``(C) $17,364,375 for fiscal year 2025;
                    ``(D) $18,232,594 for fiscal year 2026; and
                    ``(E) $19,144,223 for fiscal year 2027.

    ``(k) <<NOTE: Time periods.>>  Authorization of Appropriations.--Out 
of funds authorized to be appropriated for the Office of Science in a 
fiscal year, there are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to 
carry out the activities described in this section--
            ``(1) $1,126,950,000 for fiscal year 2023;
            ``(2) $1,194,109,500 for fiscal year 2024;
            ``(3) $1,265,275,695 for fiscal year 2025;
            ``(4) $1,340,687,843 for fiscal year 2026; and
            ``(5) $1,420,599,500 for fiscal year 2027.''.

    (b) Quantum Science Network.--
            (1) Definitions.--Section 2 of the National Quantum 
        Initiative Act (15 U.S.C. 8801) is amended--
                    (A) by redesignating paragraph (7) as paragraph (8); 
                and
                    (B) by inserting after paragraph (6) the following:
            ``(7) Quantum network infrastructure.--The term `quantum 
        network infrastructure' means any facility, expertise,

[[Page 136 STAT. 1438]]

        or capability that is necessary to enable the development and 
        deployment of scalable and diverse quantum network 
        technologies.''.
            (2) Department of energy quantum network infrastructure 
        research and development program.--
                    (A) In general.--Title IV of the National Quantum 
                Initiative Act (15 U.S.C. 8851 et seq.) is amended by 
                adding at the end the following:
``SEC. 403. <<NOTE: 15 USC 8853.>>  DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY QUANTUM 
                        NETWORK INFRASTRUCTURE RESEARCH AND 
                        DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM.

    ``(a) In General.--The Secretary of Energy (referred to in this 
section as the `Secretary') shall carry out a research, development, and 
demonstration program to accelerate innovation in quantum network 
infrastructure in order to--
            ``(1) facilitate the advancement of distributed quantum 
        computing systems through the internet and intranet;
            ``(2) improve the precision of measurements of scientific 
        phenomena and physical imaging technologies;
            ``(3) develop secure national quantum communications 
        technologies and strategies;
            ``(4) demonstrate quantum networking utilizing the 
        Department of Energy's Energy Sciences Network User Facility; 
        and
            ``(5) advance the relevant domestic supply chains, 
        manufacturing capabilities, and associated simulations or 
        modeling capabilities.

    ``(b) Program.--In carrying out this section, the Secretary shall--
            ``(1) <<NOTE: Coordination.>>  coordinate with--
                    ``(A) the Director of the National Science 
                Foundation;
                    ``(B) the Director of the National Institute of 
                Standards and Technology;
                    ``(C) the Chair of the Subcommittee on Quantum 
                Information Science of the National Science and 
                Technology Council established under section 103(a); and
                    ``(D) the Chair of the Subcommittee on the Economic 
                and Security Implications of Quantum Science;
            ``(2) conduct cooperative research with industry, National 
        Laboratories, institutions of higher education, and other 
        research institutions to facilitate new quantum infrastructure 
        methods and technologies, including--
                    ``(A) quantum-limited detectors, ultra-low loss 
                optical channels, space-to-ground connections, and 
                classical networking and cybersecurity protocols;
                    ``(B) entanglement and hyper-entangled state sources 
                and transmission, control, and measurement of quantum 
                states;
                    ``(C) quantum interconnects that allow short range 
                local connections between quantum processors;
                    ``(D) transducers for quantum sources and signals 
                between optical wavelength regimes, including 
                telecommunications regimes and quantum computer-relevant 
                domains, including microwaves;
                    ``(E) development of quantum memory buffers and 
                small-scale quantum computers that are compatible with 
                photon-based quantum bits in the optical or 
                telecommunications wavelengths;

[[Page 136 STAT. 1439]]

                    ``(F) long-range entanglement distribution, 
                including allowing entanglement-based protocols between 
                small- and large scale quantum processors, at the 
                terrestrial and space-based level using quantum 
                repeaters and optical or laser communications;
                    ``(G) quantum routers, multiplexers, repeaters, and 
                related technologies necessary to create secure long-
                distance quantum communication; and
                    ``(H) integration of systems across the quantum 
                technology stack into traditional computing networks, 
                including the development of remote controlled, high-
                performance, and reliable implementations of key quantum 
                network components by leveraging the expertise, 
                infrastructure and supplemental investments at the 
                National Laboratories in the Energy Sciences Network 
                User Facility;
            ``(3) engage with the Quantum Economic Development 
        Consortium and other organizations, as applicable, to transition 
        component technologies to help facilitate as appropriate the 
        development of a quantum supply chain for quantum network 
        technologies;
            ``(4) advance basic research in advanced scientific 
        computing, particle and nuclear physics, and material science to 
        enhance the understanding, prediction, and manipulation of 
        materials, processes, and physical phenomena relevant to quantum 
        network infrastructure;
            ``(5) develop experimental tools and testbeds in 
        collaboration with the Energy Sciences Network User Facility 
        necessary to support cross-cutting fundamental research and 
        development activities with diverse stakeholders from industry, 
        National Laboratories, and institutions of higher education; and
            ``(6) consider quantum network infrastructure applications 
        that span the Department of Energy's missions in energy, 
        environment, and national security.

    ``(c) Leveraging.--In carrying out this section, the Secretary shall 
leverage resources, infrastructure, and expertise across the Department 
of Energy and from--
            ``(1) the National Institute of Standards and Technology;
            ``(2) the National Science Foundation;
            ``(3) the National Aeronautics and Space Administration;
            ``(4) other relevant Federal agencies;
            ``(5) the National Laboratories;
            ``(6) industry stakeholders;
            ``(7) institutions of higher education; and
            ``(8) the National Quantum Information Science Research 
        Centers.

    ``(d) <<NOTE: Deadline. Time period.>>  Research Plan.--Not later 
than 180 days after the date of enactment of the Research and 
Development, Competition, and Innovation Act, the Secretary shall submit 
to the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of 
Representatives and the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the 
Senate a 4-year research plan that identifies and prioritizes basic 
research needs relating to quantum network infrastructure.

    ``(e) Standard of Review.--The Secretary shall review activities 
carried out under this section to determine the achievement of technical 
milestones.
    ``(f) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  Funding.--Of the funds authorized to 
be appropriated for the Department of Energy's Office of Science, there 
is authorized

[[Page 136 STAT. 1440]]

to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the activities under 
this section $100,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2023 through 2027.
``SEC. 404. <<NOTE: 15 USC 8854.>>  DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY QUANTUM 
                        USER EXPANSION FOR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 
                        PROGRAM.

    ``(a) In General.--The Secretary of Energy (referred to in this 
section as the `Secretary') shall establish and carry out a program, to 
be known as the `Quantum User Expansion for Science and Technology 
program' or `QUEST program', to encourage and facilitate access to 
United States quantum computing hardware and quantum computing clouds 
for research purposes--
            ``(1) to enhance the United States quantum research 
        enterprise;
            ``(2) to educate the future quantum computing workforce;
            ``(3) to accelerate the advancement of United States quantum 
        computing capabilities; and
            ``(4) to advance the relevant domestic supply chains, 
        manufacturing processes, and associated simulations or modeling 
        capabilities.

    ``(b) Program.--In carrying out this section, the Secretary shall--
            ``(1) <<NOTE: Coordination.>>  coordinate with--
                    ``(A) the Director of the National Science 
                Foundation;
                    ``(B) the Director of the National Institute of 
                Standards and Technology;
                    ``(C) the Chair of the Subcommittee on Quantum 
                Information Science of the National Science and 
                Technology Council established under section 103(a); and
                    ``(D) the Chair of the Subcommittee on the Economic 
                and Security Implications of Quantum Science;
            ``(2) provide researchers based within the United States 
        with access to, and use of, United States quantum computing 
        resources through a competitive, merit-reviewed process;
            ``(3) <<NOTE: Determination.>>  consider applications from 
        the National Laboratories, multi-institutional collaborations, 
        institutions of higher education, industry stakeholders, and any 
        other entities that the Secretary determines are appropriate to 
        provide national leadership on quantum computing related issues;
            ``(4) <<NOTE: Coordination.>>  coordinate with private 
        sector stakeholders, the user community, and interagency 
        partners on program development and best management practices; 
        and
            ``(5) to the extent practicable, balance user access to 
        commercial prototypes available for use across a broad class of 
        applications and Federal research prototypes that enable 
        benchmarking a wider variety of early-stage devices.

    ``(c) Leveraging.--In carrying out this section, the Secretary shall 
leverage resources and expertise across the Department of Energy and 
from--
            ``(1) the National Institute of Standards and Technology;
            ``(2) the National Science Foundation;
            ``(3) the National Aeronautics and Space Administration;
            ``(4) other relevant Federal agencies;
            ``(5) the National Laboratories;
            ``(6) industry stakeholders;
            ``(7) institutions of higher education; and

[[Page 136 STAT. 1441]]

            ``(8) the National Quantum Information Science Research 
        Centers.

    ``(d) <<NOTE: Consultation.>>  Security.--In carrying out the 
activities authorized by this section, the Secretary, in consultation 
with the Director of the National Science Foundation and the Director of 
the National Institute of Standards and Technology, shall ensure proper 
security controls are in place to protect sensitive information, as 
appropriate.

    ``(e) <<NOTE: Time periods.>>  Funding.--Of the funds authorized to 
be appropriated for the Department of Energy's Office of Science, there 
are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the 
activities under this section--
            ``(1) $30,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
            ``(2) $31,500,000 for fiscal year 2024;
            ``(3) $33,075,000 for fiscal year 2025;
            ``(4) $34,728,750 for fiscal year 2026; and
            ``(5) $36,465,188 for fiscal year 2027.''.
                    (B) Clerical amendment.--The table of contents in 
                section 1(b) of the National Quantum Initiative Act 
                (Public Law 115-368; 132 Stat. 5092) is amended by 
                inserting after the item relating to section 402 the 
                following:

``Sec. 403. Department of Energy quantum network infrastructure research 
           and development program.
``Sec. 404. Department of Energy quantum user expansion for science and 
           technology program.''.

SEC. 10105. FUSION ENERGY RESEARCH.

    (a) Fusion Energy Research.--Section 307 of the Department of Energy 
Research and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18645) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (b)--
                    (A) in paragraph (2), by redesignating subparagraphs 
                (A) and (B) as clauses (i) and (ii), respectively, and 
                indenting appropriately;
                    (B) by redesignating paragraphs (1) and (2) as 
                subparagraphs (A) and (B), respectively, and indenting 
                appropriately;
                    (C) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A) (as so 
                redesignated), by striking ``As part of'' and inserting 
                the following:
            ``(1) In general.--As part of''; and
                    (D) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(2) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  Authorization of 
        appropriations.--Out of funds authorized to be appropriated 
        under subsection (q), there is authorized to be appropriated to 
        the Secretary to carry out activities described in paragraph (1) 
        $50,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2023 through 2027.'';
            (2) in subsection (d)(3)--
                    (A) by striking ``(o)'' and inserting ``(q)'';
                    (B) by striking ``subsection (d)'' and inserting 
                ``this subsection''; and
                    (C) by striking ``2025'' and inserting ``2027'';
            (3) in subsection (e)(4)--
                    (A) by striking ``(o)'' and inserting ``(q)'';
                    (B) by striking ``subsection (e)'' and inserting 
                ``this subsection''; and
                    (C) by striking ``2025'' and inserting ``2027'';
            (4) in subsection (i)(10)--
                    (A) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A)--

[[Page 136 STAT. 1442]]

                          (i) by striking ``(o)'' and inserting ``(q)''; 
                      and
                          (ii) by striking ``subsection (i)'' and 
                      inserting ``this subsection'';
                    (B) in subparagraph (D), by striking ``and'' at the 
                end;
                    (C) in subparagraph (E), by striking the period at 
                the end and inserting a semicolon; and
                    (D) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(F) $45,000,000 for fiscal year 2026; and
                    ``(G) $45,000,000 for fiscal year 2027.'';
            (5) by striking subsection (j) and inserting the following:

    ``(j) Fusion Reactor System Design.--
            ``(1) <<NOTE: Deadline.>>  In general.--Not later than 180 
        days after the date of enactment of the Research and 
        Development, Competition, and Innovation Act, the Director shall 
        establish not less than 2 national teams described in paragraph 
        (2) that shall--
                    ``(A) develop conceptual pilot plant designs and 
                technology roadmaps; and
                    ``(B) create an engineering design of a pilot plant 
                that will bring fusion to commercial viability.
            ``(2) National teams.--A national team referred to in 
        paragraph (1) shall--
                    ``(A) be composed of developers, manufacturers, 
                universities, National Laboratories, and representatives 
                of the engineering, procurement, and construction 
                industries; and
                    ``(B) include public-private partnerships.
            ``(3) <<NOTE: Time periods.>>  Authorization of 
        appropriations.--Of the funds authorized to be appropriated for 
        Fusion Energy Sciences in a fiscal year, there are authorized to 
        be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out this subsection--
                    ``(A) $35,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
                    ``(B) $50,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
                    ``(C) $65,000,000 for fiscal year 2025;
                    ``(D) $80,000,000 for fiscal year 2026; and
                    ``(E) $80,000,000 for fiscal year 2027.'';
            (6) by redesignating subsection (o) as subsection (r);
            (7) by inserting after subsection (n) the following:

    ``(o) High-performance Computation Collaborative Research Program.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall carry out a program 
        to conduct and support collaborative research, development, and 
        demonstration of fusion energy technologies, through high-
        performance computation modeling and simulation techniques, in 
        order--
                    ``(A) to support fundamental research in plasmas and 
                matter at very high temperatures and densities;
                    ``(B) to inform the development of a broad range of 
                fusion energy systems; and
                    ``(C) to facilitate the translation of research 
                results in fusion energy science to industry.
            ``(2) Coordination.--In carrying out the program under 
        paragraph (1), the Secretary shall coordinate with relevant 
        Federal agencies, and prioritize the following objectives:
                    ``(A) To use expertise from the private sector, 
                institutions of higher education, and the National 
                Laboratories to leverage existing, and develop new, 
                computational software and capabilities that prospective 
                users may use to

[[Page 136 STAT. 1443]]

                accelerate research and development of fusion energy 
                systems.
                    ``(B) To develop computational tools to simulate and 
                predict fusion energy science phenomena that may be 
                validated through physical experimentation.
                    ``(C) To increase the utility of the research 
                infrastructure of the Department by coordinating with 
                the Advanced Scientific Computing Research program 
                within the Office of Science.
                    ``(D) To leverage experience from existing modeling 
                and simulation entities sponsored by the Department.
                    ``(E) To ensure that new experimental and 
                computational tools are accessible to relevant research 
                communities, including private sector entities engaged 
                in fusion energy technology development.
                    ``(F) To ensure that newly developed computational 
                tools are compatible with modern virtual engineering and 
                visualization capabilities to accelerate the realization 
                of fusion energy technologies and systems.
            ``(3) <<NOTE: Coordination.>>  Duplication.--The Secretary 
        shall ensure the coordination of, and avoid unnecessary 
        duplication of, the activities of the program under paragraph 
        (1) with the activities of--
                    ``(A) other research entities of the Department, 
                including the National Laboratories, the Advanced 
                Research Projects Agency--Energy, and the Advanced 
                Scientific Computing Research program within the Office 
                of Science; and
                    ``(B) industry.
            ``(4) High-performance computing for fusion innovation 
        center.--
                    ``(A) <<NOTE: Coordination.>>  In general.--In 
                carrying out the program under paragraph (1), the 
                Secretary shall, in coordination with the Innovation 
                Network for Fusion Energy, establish and operate a 
                national High-Performance Computing for Fusion 
                Innovation Center (referred to in this paragraph as the 
                `Center'), to support the program under paragraph (1) by 
                providing, to the extent practicable, a centralized 
                entity for multidisciplinary, collaborative, fusion 
                energy research and development through high-performance 
                computing and advanced data analytics technologies and 
                processes.
                    ``(B) Eligible entities.--An entity eligible to 
                serve as the Center shall be--
                          ``(i) a National Laboratory;
                          ``(ii) an institution of higher education;
                          ``(iii) a multi-institutional collaboration; 
                      or
                          ``(iv) any other entity that the Secretary 
                      determines to be appropriate.
                    ``(C) Application; selection.--
                          ``(i) Application.--To be eligible to serve as 
                      the Center, an eligible entity shall submit to the 
                      Secretary an application at such time, in such 
                      manner, and containing such information as the 
                      Secretary may require.
                          ``(ii) Selection.--The Secretary shall select 
                      the Center on a competitive, merit-reviewed basis.

[[Page 136 STAT. 1444]]

                    ``(D) Existing activities.--The Center may 
                incorporate existing research activities that are 
                consistent with the program under paragraph (1).
                    ``(E) Priorities.--
                          ``(i) In general.--The Center shall prioritize 
                      activities that utilize expertise and 
                      infrastructure from a balance among the private 
                      sector, institutions of higher education, and the 
                      National Laboratories to enhance existing 
                      computation tools and develop new computational 
                      software and capabilities to accelerate the 
                      commercial application of fusion energy systems.
                          ``(ii) <<NOTE: Contracts.>>  Maintenance of 
                      resource availability.--The Secretary may enter 
                      into contracts with commercial cloud computing 
                      providers to ensure that resource availability 
                      within the Department is not reduced or 
                      disproportionately distributed as a result of 
                      Center activities.
                    ``(F) Duration.--Subject to subparagraph (G), the 
                Center shall receive support for a period of not more 
                than 5 years, subject to the availability of 
                appropriations.
                    ``(G) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  Renewal.--On the 
                expiration of the period of support of the Center under 
                subparagraph (F), the Secretary may renew support for 
                the Center, on a merit-reviewed basis, for a period of 
                not more than 5 years.

    ``(p) Material Plasma Exposure Experiment.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall construct a Material 
        Plasma Exposure Experiment facility as described in the 2020 
        publication approved by the Fusion Energy Sciences Advisory 
        Committee entitled `Powering the Future: Fusion and Plasmas'. 
        The Secretary shall <<NOTE: Consultation.>>  consult with the 
        private sector, institutions of higher education, National 
        Laboratories, and relevant Federal agencies to ensure that the 
        facility is capable of meeting Federal research needs for steady 
        state, high-heat-flux, and plasma-material interaction testing 
        of fusion materials over a range of fusion energy relevant 
        parameters.
            ``(2) Facility capabilities.--The Secretary shall ensure 
        that the facility described in paragraph (1) will provide the 
        following capabilities:
                    ``(A) A magnetic field at the target of 1 Tesla.
                    ``(B) An energy flux at the target of 10 MW/m\2\.
                    ``(C) The ability to expose previously irradiated 
                plasma facing material samples to plasma.
            ``(3) <<NOTE: Deadline.>>  Start of operations.--The 
        Secretary shall, subject to the availability of appropriations, 
        ensure that the start of full operations of the facility 
        described in paragraph (1) occurs before December 31, 2027.
            ``(4) <<NOTE: Time periods.>>  Funding.--Of the funds 
        authorized to be appropriated for Fusion Energy Sciences, there 
        are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary for the 
        Office of Fusion Energy Sciences to complete construction of the 
        facility described in paragraph (1)--
                    ``(A) $21,895,000 for fiscal year 2023; and
                    ``(B) $3,800,000 for fiscal year 2024.

    ``(q) Matter in Extreme Conditions Instrument Upgrade.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall provide for the 
        upgrade to the Matter in Extreme Conditions endstation at the 
        Linac Coherent Light Source as described in the 2020

[[Page 136 STAT. 1445]]

        publication approved by the Fusion Energy Sciences Advisory 
        Committee entitled `Powering the Future: Fusion and Plasmas'. 
        The Secretary shall consult <<NOTE: Consultation.>>  with the 
        private sector, institutions of higher education, National 
        Laboratories, and relevant Federal agencies to ensure that this 
        facility is capable of meeting Federal research needs for 
        understanding physical and chemical changes to plasmas at 
        fundamental timescales, and explore new regimes of dense 
        material physics, astrophysics, planetary physics, and short-
        pulse laser-plasma interactions.
            ``(2) <<NOTE: Deadline.>>  Start of operations.--The 
        Secretary shall, subject to the availability of appropriations, 
        ensure that the start of full operations of the facility 
        described in paragraph (1) occurs before December 31, 2028.''; 
        and
            (8) in subsection (r) (as so redesignated)--
                    (A) by striking ``There'' and inserting ``Out of 
                funds authorized to be appropriated for the Office of 
                Science in a fiscal year, there''; and
                    (B) by striking paragraphs (3) through (5) and 
                inserting the following:
            ``(3) $1,025,500,400 for fiscal year 2023;
            ``(4) $1,043,489,724 for fiscal year 2024;
            ``(5) $1,053,266,107 for fiscal year 2025;
            ``(6) $1,047,962,074 for fiscal year 2026; and
            ``(7) $1,114,187,798 for fiscal year 2027.''.

    (b) ITER Construction.--Section 972(c)(3) of the Energy Policy Act 
of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16312(c)(3)) is amended--
            (1) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``and'' at the end; and
            (2) by striking subparagraph (B) and inserting the 
        following:
                    ``(B) $379,700,000 for fiscal year 2023;
                    ``(C) $419,250,000 for fiscal year 2024;
                    ``(D) $415,000,000 for fiscal year 2025;
                    ``(E) $370,500,000 for fiscal year 2026; and
                    ``(F) $411,078,000 for fiscal year 2027.''.
SEC. 10106. HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS PROGRAM.

    (a) Program.--Section 305 of the Department of Energy Research and 
Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18643) is amended--
            (1) by redesignating subsections (b) through (d) as 
        subsections (d) through (f), respectively; and
            (2) by inserting after subsection (a) the following:

    ``(b) Program.--As part of the activities authorized under section 
209 of the Department of Energy Organization Act (42 U.S.C. 7139), the 
Director shall carry out a research program in elementary particle 
physics and advanced technology research and development to improve the 
understanding of the fundamental properties of the universe, including 
constituents of matter and energy and the nature of space and time.
    ``(c) High Energy Frontier Research.--As part of the program 
described in subsection (b), the Director shall carry out research using 
high energy accelerators and advanced detectors, including accelerators 
and detectors that will function as national user facilities, to create 
and study interactions of elementary particles and investigate 
fundamental forces.''.
    (b) International Collaboration.--Section 305 of the Department of 
Energy Research and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C.

[[Page 136 STAT. 1446]]

18643) is amended by striking subsection (d) (as redesignated by 
subsection (a)(1)) and inserting the following:
    ``(d) International Collaboration.--The Director shall--
            ``(1) <<NOTE: Coordination.>>  as practicable and in 
        coordination with other appropriate Federal agencies as 
        necessary, ensure the access of United States researchers to the 
        most advanced accelerator facilities and research capabilities 
        in the world, including the Large Hadron Collider;
            ``(2) to the maximum extent practicable, continue to 
        leverage United States participation in the Large Hadron 
        Collider, and prioritize expanding international partnerships 
        and investments in the Long-Baseline Neutrino Facility and Deep 
        Underground Neutrino Experiment; and
            ``(3) to the maximum extent practicable, prioritize 
        engagement in collaborative efforts in support of future 
        international facilities that would provide access to the most 
        advanced accelerator facilities in the world to United States 
        researchers.''.

    (c) Cosmic Frontier Research.--Section 305 of the Department of 
Energy Research and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18645) is amended by 
striking subsection (f) (as redesignated by subsection (a)(1)) and 
inserting the following:
    ``(f) Cosmic Frontier Research.--The Director shall carry out 
research activities on the nature of the primary contents of the 
universe, including the nature of dark energy and dark matter. These 
activities shall, to the maximum extent practicable, be consistent with 
the research priorities identified by the High Energy Physics Advisory 
Panel or the National Academy of Sciences, and may include--
            ``(1) collaborations with the National Aeronautics and Space 
        Administration, the National Science Foundation, or 
        international partners on relevant projects; and
            ``(2) the development of space-based, land-based, water-
        based, and underground facilities and experiments.''.

    (d) Further Activities.--Section 305 of the Department of Energy 
Research and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18645) (as amended by subsection 
(c)), is amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``(g) Facility Construction and Major Items of Equipment.--
            ``(1) Projects.--Consistent with the Office of Science's 
        project management practices, the Director shall, to the maximum 
        extent practicable, by incorporating the findings and 
        recommendations of the 2014 Particle Physics Project 
        Prioritization Panel (P5) report entitled `Building for 
        Discovery', support construction or fabrication of--
                    ``(A) an international Long-Baseline Neutrino 
                Facility based in the United States;
                    ``(B) the Proton Improvement Plan II;
                    ``(C) Second Generation Dark Matter experiments;
                    ``(D) the Legacy Survey of Space and Time camera;
                    ``(E) upgrades to detectors and other components of 
                the Large Hadron Collider; and
                    ``(F) the Cosmic Microwave Background Stage 4 
                project; and
                    ``(G) other high priority projects recommended in 
                the most recent report of the Particle Physics Project 
                Prioritization Panel of the High Energy Physics Advisory 
                Panel.

[[Page 136 STAT. 1447]]

            ``(2) Long-baseline neutrino facility.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall support 
                construction of a Long-Baseline Neutrino Facility to 
                facilitate the international Deep Underground Neutrino 
                Experiment to examine the fundamental properties of 
                neutrinos, explore physics beyond the Standard Model, 
                and better clarify the existence and nature of 
                antimatter.
                    ``(B) Facility capabilities.--The Secretary shall 
                ensure that the facility described in subparagraph (A) 
                will provide, at a minimum, the following capabilities:
                          ``(i) A neutrino beam with wideband capability 
                      of 1.2 megawatts of beam power and upgradable to 
                      2.4 megawatts of beam power.
                          ``(ii) 3 caverns excavated for a 70 kiloton 
                      fiducial detector mass and supporting surface 
                      buildings and utilities.
                          ``(iii) Cryogenic systems to support neutrino 
                      detectors.
                    ``(C) <<NOTE: Deadline.>>  Start of operations.--The 
                Secretary shall, subject to the availability of 
                appropriations, ensure that the start of full operations 
                of the facility described in subparagraph (A) occurs 
                before December 31, 2031.
                    ``(D) <<NOTE: Time periods.>>  Funding.--Out of 
                funds authorized to be appropriated under subsection 
                (k), there are authorized to be appropriated to the 
                Secretary to carry out construction of the project 
                described in subparagraph (A)--
                          ``(i) $180,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
                          ``(ii) $255,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
                          ``(iii) $305,000,000 for fiscal year 2025;
                          ``(iv) $305,000,000 for fiscal year 2026; and
                          ``(v) $305,000,000 for fiscal year 2027.
            ``(3) Proton improvement plan-ii accelerator upgrade 
        project.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall support 
                construction of the Proton Improvement Plan II, an 
                upgrade to the Fermilab accelerator complex identified 
                in the 2014 Particle Physics Project Prioritization 
                Panel (P5) report entitled `Building for Discovery', to 
                provide the world's most intense beam of neutrinos to 
                the international Long Baseline Neutrino Facility and to 
                carry out a broad range of future high energy physics 
                experiments. The Secretary shall work with international 
                partners to enable further significant contributions to 
                the capabilities of that project.
                    ``(B) Facility capabilities.--The Secretary shall 
                ensure that the facility described in subparagraph (A) 
                will provide, at a minimum, the following capabilities:
                          ``(i) A state-of-the-art 800 megaelectron volt 
                      superconducting linear accelerator.
                          ``(ii) Proton beam power of 1.2 megawatts at 
                      the start of LBNF/DUNE, upgradeable to 2.4 
                      megawatts of beam power.
                          ``(iii) A flexible design to enable high power 
                      beam delivery to multiple users simultaneously and 
                      customized beams tailored to specific scientific 
                      needs.
                          ``(iv) Sustained high reliability operation of 
                      the Fermilab accelerator complex.

[[Page 136 STAT. 1448]]

                    ``(C) <<NOTE: Deadline.>>  Start of operations.--The 
                Secretary shall, subject to the availability of 
                appropriations, ensure that the start of full operations 
                of the facility described in subparagraph (A) occurs 
                before December 31, 2028.
                    ``(D) Funding.--Out of funds authorized to be 
                appropriated under subsection (k), there are authorized 
                to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out 
                construction of the facility described in subparagraph 
                (A)--
                          ``(i) $130,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
                          ``(ii) $120,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
                          ``(iii) $120,000,000 for fiscal year 2025;
                          ``(iv) $115,000,000 for fiscal year 2026; and
                          ``(v) $110,000,000 for fiscal year 2027.
            ``(4) Cosmic microwave background stage 4.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Secretary, in partnership 
                with the Director of the National Science Foundation, 
                shall support construction of the Cosmic Microwave 
                Background Stage 4 project to survey the cosmic 
                microwave background to test theories of cosmic 
                inflation as described in the 2014 Particle Physics 
                Prioritization Panel (P5) report entitled `Building for 
                Discovery: Strategic Plan for U.S. Particle Physics in 
                the Global Context.'.
                    ``(B) Consultation.--The Secretary shall consult 
                with the private sector, institutions of higher 
                education, National Laboratories, and relevant Federal 
                agencies to ensure that the project described in 
                subparagraph (A) is capable of meeting Federal research 
                needs in accessing the ultra-high energy physics of 
                inflation and important neutrino properties.
                    ``(C) Experimental capabilities.--The Secretary 
                shall ensure to the maximum extent practicable that the 
                facility described in subparagraph (A) will provide, at 
                a minimum, 500,000 superconducting detectors deployed on 
                an array of millimeter-wave telescopes with the required 
                range in frequency, sensitivity, and survey speed that 
                will provide sufficient capability to enable an order of 
                magnitude advance in observations of the Cosmic 
                Microwave Background, delivering transformative 
                discoveries in fundamental physics, cosmology, and 
                astrophysics.
                    ``(D) <<NOTE: Deadline.>>  Start of operations.--The 
                Secretary shall, subject to the availability of 
                appropriations, ensure that the start of full operations 
                of the facility described in subparagraph (A) occurs 
                before December 31, 2030.
                    ``(E) <<NOTE: Time periods.>>  Funding.--Out of 
                funds authorized to be appropriated under subsection 
                (k), there are authorized to be appropriated to the 
                Secretary to carry out construction of the facility 
                described in subparagraph (A)--
                          ``(i) $10,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
                          ``(ii) $25,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
                          ``(iii) $60,000,000 for fiscal year 2025;
                          ``(iv) $80,000,000 for fiscal year 2026; and
                          ``(v) $80,000,000 for fiscal year 2027.

    ``(h) Accelerator and Detector Upgrades.--The Director shall upgrade 
accelerator facilities and detectors, as necessary and appropriate, to 
increase beam power, sustain high reliability, and improve precision 
measurement to advance the highest priority particle physics research 
programs. In carrying out facility

[[Page 136 STAT. 1449]]

upgrades, the Director shall continue to work with international 
partners, when appropriate and in the United States' interest, to 
leverage investments and expertise in critical technologies to help 
build and upgrade accelerator and detector facilities in the United 
States.
    ``(i) Accelerator and Detector Research and Development.--As part of 
the program <<NOTE: Coordination.>>  described in subsection (b), the 
Director shall carry out research and development in particle beam 
physics, accelerator science and technology, and particle and radiation 
detection with relevance to the specific needs of the High Energy 
Physics program, in coordination with the Accelerator Research and 
Development program authorized under section 310.

    ``(j) Underground Science.--The Director shall--
            ``(1) support an underground science program consistent with 
        the missions of the Department and the scientific needs of the 
        High Energy Physics program, including those articulated in the 
        most recent report of the Particle Physics Project 
        Prioritization Panel of the High Energy Physics Advisory Panel, 
        that leverages the capabilities of relevant underground science 
        and engineering facilities;
            ``(2) <<NOTE: Grants.>>  carry out a competitive grant 
        program to award scientists and engineers at institutions of 
        higher education, nonprofit institutions, and National 
        Laboratories to conduct research in underground science and 
        engineering; and
            ``(3) <<NOTE: Reports.>>  submit to the Committee on Energy 
        and Natural Resources of the Senate and the Committee on 
        Science, Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives a 
        report on the inventory of underground mines in the United 
        States that may be suitable for future development of 
        underground science and engineering facilities and any 
        anticipated challenges associated with repurposing, repair, 
        facility siting, or construction.

    ``(k) <<NOTE: Time periods.>>  Authorization of Appropriations.--Out 
of funds authorized to be appropriated for the Office of Science in a 
fiscal year, there are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to 
carry out the activities described in this section--
            ``(1) $1,159,520,000 for fiscal year 2023;
            ``(2) $1,289,891,200 for fiscal year 2024;
            ``(3) $1,428,284,672 for fiscal year 2025;
            ``(4) $1,499,881,752 for fiscal year 2026; and
            ``(5) $1,554,874,657 for fiscal year 2027.''.
SEC. 10107. NUCLEAR PHYSICS PROGRAM.

    Section 308 of the Department of Energy Research and Innovation Act 
(Public Law 115-246; 132 Stat. 3150) <<NOTE: 42 USC 18646.>>  is amended 
to read as follows:
``SEC. 308. NUCLEAR PHYSICS.

    ``(a) Program.--As part of the activities authorized under section 
209 of the Department of Energy Organization Act (42 U.S.C. 7139), the 
Director shall carry out a research program, and support relevant 
facilities, to discover and understand various forms of nuclear matter.
    ``(b) Electron Ion Collider.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall support construction 
        of an Electron Ion Collider as described in the 2015 Long Range 
        Plan of the Nuclear Science Advisory Committee and the report 
        from the National Academies of Science, Engineering, and 
        Medicine entitled `An Assessment of U.S.-Based Electron-

[[Page 136 STAT. 1450]]

        Ion Collider Science', in order to measure the internal 
        structure of the proton and the nucleus and answer fundamental 
        questions about the nature of visible matter.
            ``(2) Facility capability.--The Secretary shall ensure that 
        the facility described in paragraph (1) meets the requirements 
        in the 2015 Long Range Plan described in that paragraph, 
        including--
                    ``(A) at least 70 percent polarized beams of 
                electrons and light ions;
                    ``(B) ion beams from deuterium to the heaviest 
                stable nuclei;
                    ``(C) variable center of mass energy from 20 to 140 
                GeV;
                    ``(D) high collision luminosity of 
                10<SUP>33-34</SUP>cm<SUP>-2</SUP>s<SUP>-1</SUP>; and
                    ``(E) the possibility of more than 1 interaction 
                region.
            ``(3) <<NOTE: Deadline.>>  Start of operations.--The 
        Secretary shall, subject to the availability of appropriations, 
        ensure that the start of full operations of the facility under 
        this subsection occurs before December 31, 2030.
            ``(4) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  Funding.--Out of funds 
        authorized to be appropriated under subsection (c), there are 
        authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out 
        construction of the facility under this subsection--
                    ``(A) $90,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
                    ``(B) $181,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
                    ``(C) $219,000,000 for fiscal year 2025;
                    ``(D) $297,000,000 for fiscal year 2026; and
                    ``(E) $301,000,000 for fiscal year 2027.

    ``(c) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  Authorization of Appropriations.--Out 
of funds authorized to be appropriated for the Office of Science in a 
fiscal year, there are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to 
carry out the activities described in this section--
            ``(1) $840,480,000 for fiscal year 2023;
            ``(2) $976,508,800 for fiscal year 2024;
            ``(3) $1,062,239,328 for fiscal year 2025;
            ``(4) $1,190,833,688 for fiscal year 2026; and
            ``(5) $1,248,463,709 for fiscal year 2027.''.
SEC. 10108. SCIENCE LABORATORIES INFRASTRUCTURE PROGRAM.

    Section 309 of the Department of Energy Research and Innovation Act 
(42 U.S.C. 18647) is amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``(c) <<NOTE: Determination.>>  Approach.--In carrying out the 
program under subsection (a), the Director shall use all available 
approaches and mechanisms, as the Secretary determines to be 
appropriate, including--
            ``(1) capital line items;
            ``(2) minor construction projects;
            ``(3) energy savings performance contracts;
            ``(4) utility energy service contracts;
            ``(5) alternative financing; and
            ``(6) expense funding.

    ``(d) <<NOTE: Time period. List.>>  Submission to Congress.--For 
each fiscal year through fiscal year 2027, at the same time as the 
annual budget submission of the President, the Secretary shall submit to 
the Committee on Appropriations and the Committee on Energy and Natural 
Resources of the Senate and the Committee on Appropriations and the 
Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House

[[Page 136 STAT. 1451]]

of Representatives a list of projects for which the Secretary will 
provide funding under this section, including a description of each 
project and the funding profile for the project.

    ``(e) Authorization of Appropriations.--Out of funds authorized to 
be appropriated for the Office of Science in a fiscal year, there is 
authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the 
activities described in this section $550,000,000 for each of fiscal 
years 2023 through 2027.''.
SEC. 10109. ACCELERATOR RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT.

    The Department of Energy Research and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 
18601 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following:
``SEC. 310. <<NOTE: 42 USC 18648.>>  ACCELERATOR RESEARCH AND 
                        DEVELOPMENT.

    ``(a) Program.--As part of the activities authorized under section 
209 of the Department of Energy Organization Act (42 U.S.C. 7139), the 
Director shall carry out a research program--
            ``(1) to advance accelerator science and technology relevant 
        to the Department, other Federal agencies, and United States 
        industry;
            ``(2) to foster partnerships to develop, demonstrate, and 
        enable the commercial application of accelerator technologies;
            ``(3) to support the development of a skilled, diverse, and 
        inclusive accelerator workforce; and
            ``(4) to provide access to accelerator design and 
        engineering resources.

    ``(b) Accelerator Research.--In carrying out the program authorized 
under subsection (a), the Director shall support--
            ``(1) research activities in cross-cutting accelerator 
        technologies including superconducting magnets and accelerators, 
        beam physics, data analytics-based accelerator controls, 
        simulation software, new particle sources, advanced laser 
        technology, and transformative research; and
            ``(2) optimal operation of the Accelerator Test Facility.

    ``(c) Accelerator Development.--In carrying out the program 
authorized under subsection (a), the Director shall support partnerships 
to foster the development, demonstration, and commercial application of 
accelerator technologies, including advanced superconducting wire and 
cable, superconducting RF cavities, and high efficiency radiofrequency 
power sources for accelerators.
    ``(d) Research Collaborations.--In developing accelerator 
technologies under the program authorized under subsection (a), the 
Director shall--
            ``(1) consider the requirements necessary to support 
        translational research and development for medical, industrial, 
        security, and defense applications; and
            ``(2) leverage investments in accelerator technologies and 
        fundamental research in particle physics by partnering with 
        institutions of higher education, industry, and other Federal 
        agencies to enable the commercial application of advanced 
        accelerator technologies.

    ``(e) <<NOTE: Time periods.>>  Authorization of Appropriations.--Out 
of funds authorized to be appropriated for the Office of Science in a 
fiscal year, there are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to 
carry out the activities described in this section--
            ``(1) $19,080,000 for fiscal year 2023;
            ``(2) $20,224,800 for fiscal year 2024;
            ``(3) $21,438,288 for fiscal year 2025;

[[Page 136 STAT. 1452]]

            ``(4) $22,724,585 for fiscal year 2026; and
            ``(5) $24,088,060 for fiscal year 2027.''.
SEC. 10110. ISOTOPE RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT, AND PRODUCTION.

    (a) In General.--The Department of Energy Research and Innovation 
Act (42 U.S.C. 18601 et seq.) is amended by adding after section 310 (as 
added by section 10109) the following:
``SEC. 311. <<NOTE: 42 USC 18649.>>  ISOTOPE RESEARCH, 
                        DEVELOPMENT, AND PRODUCTION.

    ``(a) Definition of Critical Radioactive and Stable Isotope.--
            ``(1) In general.--In this section, the term `critical 
        radioactive and stable isotope' means a radioactive and stable 
        isotope--
                    ``(A) the domestic commercial production of which is 
                unavailable or inadequate to satisfy the demand of 
                research, medical, industrial, or related industries in 
                the United States; and
                    ``(B) the supply of which is augmented through--
                          ``(i) Department production; or
                          ``(ii) foreign suppliers.
            ``(2) Exclusion.--In this section, the term `critical 
        radioactive and stable isotope' does not include the medical 
        isotope molybdenum-99, the production and supply of which is 
        addressed in the American Medical Isotopes Production Act of 
        2012 (Public Law 112-239; 126 Stat. 2211) (including the 
        amendments made by that Act).

    ``(b) Program.--The Director shall--
            ``(1) <<NOTE: Coordination.>>  carry out, in coordination 
        with other relevant programs across the Department, a program--
                    ``(A) <<NOTE: Determination.>>  for the production 
                of critical radioactive and stable isotopes, including 
                the development of techniques to produce isotopes, that 
                the Secretary determines are needed and of sufficient 
                quality and quantity for research, medical, industrial, 
                or related purposes;
                    ``(B) for the production of critical radioactive and 
                stable isotopes that are in short supply or projected to 
                be in short supply in the future, including byproducts, 
                surplus materials, and related isotope services;
                    ``(C) to maintain and enhance the infrastructure 
                required to produce and supply critical radioactive and 
                stable isotope products and related services;
                    ``(D) to conduct research and development on new and 
                improved isotope production and processing techniques 
                that can make critical radioactive and stable isotopes 
                available for research and application as soon as 
                possible while assisting in workforce development;
                    ``(E) to reduce domestic dependency on the foreign 
                supply of critical radioactive and stable isotopes to 
                ensure national preparedness; and
                    ``(F) to the maximum extent practicable, in 
                accordance with--
                          ``(i) evidence-based reports, such as the 2015 
                      report of the Nuclear Science Advisory Committee 
                      entitled `Meeting Isotope Needs and Capturing 
                      Opportunities for the Future'; and
                          ``(ii) assessments of isotope supply chains, 
                      including the assessment described in paragraph 
                      (3),

[[Page 136 STAT. 1453]]

                      any reports submitted pursuant to subsection (d), 
                      and other current and future assessments;
            ``(2) ensure that isotope production activities carried out 
        under this subsection are consistent with the statement of 
        policy entitled `Policies and Procedures for Transfer of 
        Commercial Radioisotope Production and Distribution to Private 
        Industry' (30 Fed. Reg. 3247 (March 9, 1965));
            ``(3) <<NOTE: Assessment. Consultation.>>  assess the 
        domestic requirements of current and emerging critical 
        radioactive and stable isotopes and associated applications, 
        including by consulting end-users, to identify areas that may 
        require Federal investment for expedited development of domestic 
        production capacity for those isotopes, including through 
        public-private partnerships, as appropriate;
            ``(4) ensure that actions taken by the Department do not 
        interfere with, delay, compete with, or otherwise adversely 
        affect efforts by the private sector to make available or 
        otherwise facilitate the supply of critical radioactive and 
        stable isotopes, including efforts under existing agreements 
        between the Department or contractors of the Department and the 
        private sector; and
            ``(5) <<NOTE: Coordination. Assessment.>>  in coordination 
        with the Assistant Secretary for Nuclear Energy, assess options 
        for demonstrating the production of critical radioactive and 
        stable isotopes in research, test, or commercial nuclear 
        reactors and accelerators, including reactors and accelerators 
        operated at universities.

    ``(c) Advisory Committee.--
            ``(1) <<NOTE: Deadline. Establishment.>>  In general.--Not 
        later than 90 days after the date of enactment of this section, 
        the Secretary shall establish an advisory committee (referred to 
        in this subsection as the `committee') in alignment with the 
        program established under subsection (b)--
                    ``(A) to carry out the activities previously 
                executed as part of the Isotope Subcommittee of the 
                Nuclear Science Advisory Committee; and
                    ``(B) to provide expert advice and assistance to the 
                Director in carrying out that program.
            ``(2) Report.--
                    ``(A) <<NOTE: Updates.>>  In general.--Not later 
                than 1 year after the committee is established, the 
                committee shall--
                          ``(i) update the 2015 Nuclear Science Advisory 
                      Committee Isotopes Subcommittee Report entitled 
                      `Meeting Isotope Needs and Capturing Opportunities 
                      for the Future'; and
                          ``(ii) periodically update that report 
                      thereafter as needed.
                    ``(B) <<NOTE: Assessments.>>  Inclusions.--An 
                updated report under subparagraph (A) shall include an 
                assessment of--
                          ``(i) current demand in the United States for 
                      critical radioactive and stable isotopes;
                          ``(ii) the impact of continued reliance on 
                      foreign supply of critical radioactive and stable 
                      isotopes;
                          ``(iii) proposed mitigation strategies, 
                      including increasing domestic production sources 
                      for critical radioactive and stable isotopes, 
                      that--
                                    ``(I) are not commercially 
                                available; or
                                    ``(II) are commercially produced in 
                                quantities that are not sufficient--

[[Page 136 STAT. 1454]]

                                            ``(aa) to satisfy domestic 
                                        demand; and
                                            ``(bb) to minimize 
                                        production constraints and 
                                        supply disruptions to the United 
                                        States healthcare and industrial 
                                        isotope industries;
                          ``(iv) current facilities, including upgrades 
                      to those facilities, and new facilities needed to 
                      meet domestic critical isotope needs; and
                          ``(v) workforce development needs.
            ``(3) Nonduplication.--The committee shall work in alignment 
        with, and shall not duplicate the efforts of, preexisting 
        advisory committees that are advising the program established 
        under subsection (b).
            ``(4) FACA.--The committee shall be subject to the Federal 
        Advisory Committee Act (5 U.S.C. App.).

    ``(d) Report.--
            ``(1) <<NOTE: Time periods.>>  In general.--Not later than 
        the end of the first fiscal year beginning after the date of 
        enactment of this section, and biennially thereafter, the 
        Secretary of Energy Advisory Board shall submit to the 
        Committees on Energy and Natural Resources and Environment and 
        Public Works of the Senate and the Committees on Science, Space, 
        and Technology and Energy and Commerce of the House of 
        Representatives a report describing the progress made under the 
        program established under subsection (b) during the preceding 2 
        fiscal years.
            ``(2) Inclusions.--Each report under paragraph (1) shall 
        include--
                    ``(A) <<NOTE: Assessment.>>  an updated assessment 
                of any critical radioactive and stable isotope shortages 
                in the United States;
                    ``(B) a description of--
                          ``(i) any disruptions in the international 
                      supply of critical radioactive and stable isotopes 
                      during the preceding 2 fiscal years; and
                          ``(ii) the impact of those disruptions on 
                      related activities; and
                    ``(C)(i) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  a projection of 
                anticipated disruptions in the international supply, or 
                supply constraints, of critical radioactive and stable 
                isotopes during the next 2 fiscal years; and
                    ``(ii) the anticipated impact of those disruptions 
                or constraints, as applicable, on related domestic 
                activities.

    ``(e) Authorization of Appropriations.--Out of funds authorized to 
be appropriated for the Office of Science in a fiscal year, there are 
authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out this 
section--
            ``(1) $175,708,000 for fiscal year 2023;
            ``(2) $196,056,480 for fiscal year 2024;
            ``(3) $215,759,869 for fiscal year 2025;
            ``(4) $200,633,461 for fiscal year 2026; and
            ``(5) $146,293,469 for fiscal year 2027.''.

    (b) Demonstration of Isotope Production.--Section 952(a) of the 
Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16272(a)) is amended--
            (1) by redesignating paragraph (2) as paragraph (4) and 
        moving the paragraph so as to appear after paragraph (3); and
            (2) by inserting after paragraph (1) the following:
            ``(2) Isotope demonstration evaluation.--

[[Page 136 STAT. 1455]]

                    ``(A) <<NOTE: Deadline.>>  In general.--Not later 
                than 1 year after the date of enactment of the Research 
                and Development, Competition, and Innovation Act, the 
                Secretary, acting through the Assistant Secretary for 
                Nuclear Energy, shall evaluate the technical and 
                economic feasibility of the establishment of an isotope 
                demonstration subprogram of the program established 
                under paragraph (1) to support the development and 
                commercial demonstration of critical radioactive and 
                stable isotope production in existing commercial nuclear 
                power plants.
                    ``(B) Consultation.--The Secretary, acting through 
                the Assistant Secretary for Nuclear Energy, shall 
                consult with the Director of the Office of Science in 
                carrying out the evaluation under subparagraph (A).
                    ``(C) Definition of critical radioactive and stable 
                isotope.--In this paragraph, the term `critical 
                radioactive and stable isotope' has the meaning given 
                the term in section 311(a) of the Department of Energy 
                Research and Innovation Act.''.

    (c) <<NOTE: 42 USC 18649 note.>>  Radioisotope Processing 
Facility.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary of Energy (referred to in 
        this subsection as ``the Secretary'') shall construct a 
        radioisotope processing facility to provide for the growing 
        radiochemical processing capability needs associated with the 
        production of critical radioactive isotopes authorized under 
        section 311 of the Department of Energy Research and Innovation 
        Act.
            (2) Funding.--Out of funds authorized to be appropriated 
        under section 311(e) of the Department of Energy Research and 
        Innovation Act, there are authorized to be appropriated to the 
        Secretary to carry out this subsection--
                    (A) $30,500,000 for fiscal year 2023;
                    (B) $75,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
                    (C) $105,000,000 for fiscal year 2025;
                    (D) $83,000,000 for fiscal year 2026; and
                    (E) $43,000,000 for fiscal year 2027.

    (d) Stable Isotope Production and Research Center.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary of Energy (referred to in 
        this subsection as ``the Secretary'') shall establish a stable 
        isotope production and research center--
                    (A) to expand the ability of the United States to 
                perform multiple stable isotope production campaigns at 
                large-scale production, as authorized under section 311 
                of the Department of Energy Research and Innovation Act;
                    (B) to mitigate the dependence of the United States 
                on foreign-produced stable isotopes;
                    (C) to promote economic resilience; and
                    (D) to conduct research and development on stable 
                isotope production and associated methods and 
                technology.
            (2) <<NOTE: Time periods.>>  Funding.--Out of funds 
        authorized to be appropriated under section 311(e) of the 
        Department of Energy Research and Innovation Act, there are 
        authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out this 
        subsection--
                    (A) $74,400,000 for fiscal year 2023;
                    (B) $46,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
                    (C) $31,200,000 for fiscal year 2025;
                    (D) $33,300,000 for fiscal year 2026; and
                    (E) $13,900,000 for fiscal year 2027.

[[Page 136 STAT. 1456]]

SEC. 10111. INCREASED COLLABORATION WITH TEACHERS AND SCIENTISTS.

    (a) In General.--The Department of Energy Research and Innovation 
Act (42 U.S.C. 18601 et seq.) is amended by adding after section 311 (as 
added by section 10110), the following:
``SEC. 312. <<NOTE: 42 USC 18650.>>  INCREASED COLLABORATION WITH 
                        TEACHERS AND SCIENTISTS.

    ``The Director shall support the development of a scientific 
workforce through programs that facilitate collaboration between and 
among teachers at elementary schools and secondary schools served by 
local educational agencies, students at institutions of higher 
education, early-career researchers, faculty at institutions of higher 
education, and the National Laboratories, including through the use of 
proven techniques to expand the number of individuals from 
underrepresented groups pursuing and attaining skills or undergraduate 
and graduate degrees relevant to the mission of the Office of 
Science.''.
    (b) Authorization of Appropriations.--Section 3169 of the Department 
of Energy Science Education Enhancement Act (42 U.S.C. 7381e) is 
amended--
            (1) by striking ``There are'' and inserting ``Out of funds 
        authorized to be appropriated for the Office of Science of the 
        Department of Energy in a fiscal year, there are''; and
            (2) by striking ``fiscal year 1991'' and inserting ``each of 
        fiscal years 2023 through 2027''.

    (c) Broadening Participation in Workforce Development for Teachers 
and Scientists.--
            (1) In general.--The Department of Energy Science Education 
        Enhancement Act is amended by inserting after section 3167 (42 
        U.S.C. 7381c-1) the following:
``SEC. 3167A. <<NOTE: 42 USC 7381c-2.>>  BROADENING PARTICIPATION 
                            FOR TEACHERS AND SCIENTISTS.

    ``(a) In General.--The Secretary shall--
            ``(1) expand opportunities to increase the number of highly 
        skilled science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) 
        professionals working in disciplines relevant to the mission of 
        the Department; and
            ``(2) broaden the recruitment pool to increase participation 
        from Historically Black Colleges or Universities (as defined in 
        section 3167B(f)), Hispanic-serving institutions (as defined in 
        that section), Tribal Colleges or Universities (as defined in 
        that section), minority-serving institutions (as defined in that 
        section), institutions in eligible jurisdictions (as defined in 
        that section), emerging research institutions, community 
        colleges, and scientific societies in those disciplines.

    ``(b) <<NOTE: Deadline. Public information.>>  Plan.--Not later than 
1 year after the date of enactment of the Research and Development, 
Competition, and Innovation Act, the Secretary shall submit to the 
Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of 
Representatives and the Committees on Energy and Natural Resources and 
Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate and make available 
to the public a plan for broadening participation of underrepresented 
groups in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics in programs 
supported by the Department, including--

[[Page 136 STAT. 1457]]

            ``(1) a plan for supporting relevant Federal research award 
        grantees and leveraging the National Science Foundation INCLUDES 
        National Network and relevant partnerships, including 
        partnerships maintained by other Federal research agencies;
            ``(2) metrics for assessing the participation of 
        underrepresented groups in programs supported by the Department;
            ``(3) experienced and potential barriers to broadening 
        participation of underrepresented groups in programs supported 
        by the Department, including recommended solutions; and
            ``(4) any other activities the Secretary determines 
        appropriate.

    ``(c) Authorization of Appropriations.--Of the amounts authorized to 
be appropriated under section 3169, not less than $2,000,000 is 
authorized to be appropriated each fiscal year for the activities 
described in this section.
``SEC. 3167B. <<NOTE: 42 USC 7381c-3.>>  EXPANDING OPPORTUNITIES 
                            FOR HIGHLY SKILLED SCIENCE, 
                            TECHNOLOGY, ENGINEERING, AND 
                            MATHEMATICS (STEM) PROFESSIONALS.

    ``(a) In General.--The Secretary shall--
            ``(1) expand opportunities and increase the number of highly 
        skilled science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) 
        professionals working in disciplines relevant to the mission of 
        the Department; and
            ``(2) broaden the recruitment pool to increase participation 
        from and expand partnerships with Historically Black Colleges or 
        Universities, Hispanic serving institutions, Tribal Colleges or 
        Universities, minority-serving institutions, institutions in 
        eligible jurisdictions, emerging research institutions, 
        community colleges, and scientific societies in those 
        disciplines.

    ``(b) Plan and Outreach Strategy.--
            ``(1) Plan.--
                    ``(A) <<NOTE: Deadline. Time period.>>  In 
                general.--Not later than 180 days after the date of 
                enactment of the Research and Development, Competition, 
                and Innovation Act, the Secretary shall submit to the 
                Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House 
                of Representatives and the Committee on Energy and 
                Natural Resources of the Senate a 10-year educational 
                plan to fund and expand new or existing programs 
                administered by the Office of Science and sited at the 
                National Laboratories and Department user facilities to 
                expand educational and workforce development 
                opportunities for underrepresented individuals, 
                including--
                          ``(i) high school, undergraduate, and graduate 
                      students; and
                          ``(ii) recent graduates, teachers, and faculty 
                      in STEM fields.
                    ``(B) Contents.--The plan under subparagraph (A) may 
                include paid internships, fellowships, temporary 
                employment, training programs, visiting student and 
                faculty programs, sabbaticals, and research support.
            ``(2) Outreach capacity.--The Secretary shall include in the 
        plan under paragraph (1) an outreach strategy to improve the 
        advertising, recruitment, and promotion of educational and 
        workforce development programs to community colleges, 
        Historically Black Colleges or Universities, Hispanic-serving

[[Page 136 STAT. 1458]]

        institutions, Tribal Colleges or Universities, minority-serving 
        institutions, institutions in eligible jurisdictions, and 
        emerging research institutions.

    ``(c) Building Research Capacity.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall develop programs that 
        strengthen the research capacity relevant to Office of Science 
        disciplines at emerging research institutions, including 
        minority-serving institutions, Tribal Colleges or Universities, 
        Historically Black Colleges or Universities, institutions in 
        eligible jurisdictions (as defined in section 2203(b)(3)(A) of 
        the Energy Policy Act of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 13503(b)(3)(A))), 
        institutions in communities with dislocated workers who were 
        previously employed in manufacturing, energy production, 
        including coal power plants, and mineral and material mining, 
        and other institutions of higher education.
            ``(2) Inclusions.--The programs developed under paragraph 
        (1) may include--
                    ``(A) enabling mutually beneficial and jointly 
                managed partnerships between research-intensive 
                institutions and emerging research institutions; and
                    ``(B) soliciting research proposals, fellowships, 
                training programs, and research support directly from 
                emerging research institutions.

    ``(d) Traineeships.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall establish a 
        university-led Traineeship Program to address workforce 
        development needs in STEM fields relevant to the Department.
            ``(2) Focus.--The focus of the Traineeship Program 
        established under paragraph (1) shall be on--
                    ``(A) supporting workforce development and research 
                experiences for underrepresented undergraduate and 
                graduate students; and
                    ``(B) increasing participation from underrepresented 
                populations.
            ``(3) Inclusion.--The traineeships under the Traineeship 
        Program established under paragraph (1) shall include 
        opportunities to build the next-generation workforce in research 
        areas critical to maintaining core competencies across the 
        programs of the Office of Science.

    ``(e) Evaluation.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall establish key 
        performance indicators to measure and monitor progress of 
        education and workforce programs and expand Departmental 
        activities for data collection and analysis.
            ``(2) <<NOTE: Time period. Summary.>>  Report.--Not later 
        than 2 years after the date of enactment of the Research and 
        Development, Competition, and Innovation Act, and every 2 years 
        thereafter, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on 
        Science, Space, and Technology and the Committee on Education 
        and Labor of the House of Representatives and the Committee on 
        Energy and Natural Resources and the Committee on Health, 
        Education, Labor, and Pensions of the Senate a report 
        summarizing progress toward meeting the key performance 
        indicators established under paragraph (1).

    ``(f) Definitions.--In this section:
            ``(1) Community college.--The term `community college' 
        means--

[[Page 136 STAT. 1459]]

                    ``(A) a public institution of higher education, 
                including additional locations, at which the highest 
                awarded degree, or the predominantly awarded degree, is 
                an associate degree; or
                    ``(B) any Tribal college or university.
            ``(2) Dislocated worker.--The term `dislocated worker' has 
        the meaning given the term in section 3 of the Workforce 
        Innovation and Opportunity Act (29 U.S.C. 3102).
            ``(3) Hispanic-serving institution.--The term `Hispanic-
        serving institution' has the meaning given the term in section 
        502(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1101a(a)).
            ``(4) Historically black college or university.--The term 
        `Historically Black College or University' has the meaning given 
        the term `part B institution' in section 322 of the Higher 
        Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1061).
            ``(5) Institution in an eligible jurisdiction.--The term 
        `institution in an eligible jurisdiction' means an institution 
        of higher education (as defined in section 101 of the Higher 
        Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1001)) that is located in an 
        eligible jurisdiction (as defined in section 2203(b)(3)(A) of 
        the Energy Policy Act of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 13503(b)(3)(A))).
            ``(6) Minority-serving institution.--The term `minority-
        serving institution' includes the entities described in any of 
        paragraphs (1) through (7) of section 371(a) of the Higher 
        Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1067q(a)).
            ``(7) STEM.--The term `STEM' means the subjects listed in 
        section 2 of the STEM Education Act of 2015 (42 U.S.C. 6621 
        note; Public Law 114-59).
            ``(8) Tribal college or university.--The term `Tribal 
        College or University' has the meaning given the term in section 
        316(b) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 
        1059c(b)).''.
            (2) Clerical amendment.--The table of contents in section 
        2(b) of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 
        1991 (Public Law 101-510; 104 Stat. 1497) is amended by striking 
        the items relating to sections 3167 and 3168 and inserting the 
        following:

``Sec. 3167. Partnerships with historically Black colleges and 
           universities, Hispanic-serving institutions, and tribal 
           colleges.
``Sec. 3167A. Broadening participation for teachers and scientists.
``Sec. 3167B. Expanding opportunities for highly skilled science, 
           technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) 
           professionals.
``Sec. 3168. Definitions.
``Sec. 3169. Authorization of appropriations.''.

SEC. 10112. HIGH INTENSITY LASER RESEARCH INITIATIVE; HELIUM 
                            CONSERVATION PROGRAM; OFFICE OF 
                            SCIENCE EMERGING BIOLOGICAL THREAT 
                            PREPAREDNESS RESEARCH INITIATIVE; 
                            MIDSCALE INSTRUMENTATION AND RESEARCH 
                            EQUIPMENT PROGRAM; AUTHORIZATION OF 
                            APPROPRIATIONS.

    (a) In General.--The Department of Energy Research and Innovation 
Act (42 U.S.C. 18601 et seq.) (as amended by section 10111(a)) is 
amended by adding at the end the following:
``SEC. 313. <<NOTE: 42 USC 18651.>>  HIGH INTENSITY LASER RESEARCH 
                        INITIATIVE.

    ``(a) In General.--The Director shall establish a high intensity 
laser research initiative consistent with the recommendations of the 
National Academies report entitled `Opportunities in Intense

[[Page 136 STAT. 1460]]

Ultrafast Lasers: Reaching for the Brightest Light' and the report from 
the Brightest Light Initiative workshop entitled `The Future of Intense 
Ultrafast Lasers in the U.S.'. The initiative should include research 
and development of petawatt-scale and of high average power laser 
technologies necessary for future facility needs in discovery science 
and to advance energy technologies, as well as support for a user 
network of academic and National Laboratory high intensity laser 
facilities.
    ``(b) Leverage.--The Director shall leverage new laser technologies 
for more compact, less complex, and low-cost accelerator systems needed 
for science applications.
    ``(c) Coordination.--
            ``(1) Director.--The Director shall coordinate the 
        initiative established under subsection (a) among all relevant 
        programs within the Office of Science.
            ``(2) Under secretary.--The Under Secretary for Science 
        shall coordinate the initiative established under subsection (a) 
        with other relevant programs within the Department and other 
        Federal agencies.

    ``(d) <<NOTE: Time periods.>>  Authorization of Appropriations.--Out 
of funds authorized to be appropriated for the Office of Science in a 
fiscal year, there are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to 
carry out the activities described in this section--
            ``(1) $50,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
            ``(2) $100,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
            ``(3) $150,000,000 for fiscal year 2025;
            ``(4) $200,000,000 for fiscal year 2026; and
            ``(5) $250,000,000 for fiscal year 2027.
``SEC. 314. <<NOTE: 42 USC 18652.>>  HELIUM CONSERVATION PROGRAM.

    ``(a) In General.--The Secretary shall establish a program to reduce 
the consumption of helium for Department grant recipients and facilities 
and encourage helium recycling <<NOTE: Grants.>>  and reuse. The program 
shall competitively award grants for--
            ``(1) the purchase of equipment to capture, reuse, and 
        recycle helium;
            ``(2) the installation, maintenance, and repair of new and 
        existing helium capture, reuse, and recycling equipment; and
            ``(3) helium alternatives research and development 
        activities.

    ``(b) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  Report.--Not later than 2 years after 
the date of enactment of the Research and Development, Competition, and 
Innovation Act, and every 3 years thereafter, the Director shall submit 
to the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of 
Representatives and the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the 
Senate a report on the purchase of helium as part of research projects 
and facilities supported by the Department. The report shall include--
            ``(1) the quantity of helium purchased for projects and 
        facilities supported by Department grants;
            ``(2) <<NOTE: Analysis.>>  a cost-analysis for such helium;
            ``(3) to the maximum extent practicable, information on 
        whether such helium was imported from outside the United States, 
        and if available, the country or region of the world from which 
        the helium was imported;

[[Page 136 STAT. 1461]]

            ``(4) expected or experienced impacts of helium supply 
        shortages or prices on the research projects and facilities 
        supported by the Department; and
            ``(5) <<NOTE: Recommenda- tions.>>  recommendations for 
        reducing Department grant recipients' exposure to volatile 
        helium prices and supply shortages.

    ``(c) Coordination.--In carrying out the program under this section, 
the Director shall coordinate with the National Science Foundation and 
other relevant Federal agencies on helium conservation activities.
    ``(d) Duration.--The program established under this section shall 
receive support for a period of not more than 5 years, subject to the 
availability of appropriations.
    ``(e) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  Renewal.--Upon expiration of any 
period of support of the program under this section, the Director may 
renew support for the program for a period of not more than 5 years.
``SEC. 315. <<NOTE: 42 USC 18653.>>  OFFICE OF SCIENCE BIOLOGICAL 
                        THREAT PREPAREDNESS RESEARCH INITIATIVE.

    ``(a) <<NOTE: Establishment.>>  In General.--The Secretary shall 
establish within the Office of Science a cross-cutting research 
initiative, to be known as the `Biological Threat Preparedness Research 
Initiative', to leverage the innovative analytical resources and tools, 
user facilities, and advanced computational and networking capabilities 
of the Department in order to support efforts that prevent, prepare for, 
predict, and respond to biological threats to national security, 
including infectious diseases.

    ``(b) Competitive, Merit-reviewed Process.--The Secretary shall 
carry out the initiative established under subsection (a) through a 
competitive, merit-reviewed process, and consider applications from 
National Laboratories, institutions of higher education, multi-
institutional collaborations, industry partners and other appropriate 
entities.
    ``(c) Activities.--In carrying out the initiative established under 
subsection (a), the Secretary shall--
            ``(1) <<NOTE: Determination.>>  determine a comprehensive 
        set of technical milestones for the research activities 
        described in that subsection;
            ``(2) prioritize the objectives of--
                    ``(A) supporting fundamental research and 
                development in advanced analytics, experimental studies, 
                materials synthesis, and high-performance computing 
                technologies needed in order to more quickly and 
                effectively characterize, model, simulate, and predict 
                complex natural phenomena and biological materials 
                related to emerging biological threats;
                    ``(B) supporting the development of tools that 
                inform epidemiological modeling, and applying artificial 
                intelligence, machine learning, and other computing 
                tools to accelerate such processes;
                    ``(C) supporting research and capabilities that 
                enhance understanding and modeling of the transport of 
                pathogens in indoor and outdoor air and water 
                environments;
                    ``(D) identifying priority research opportunities 
                and capabilities for molecular design and modeling for 
                medical countermeasures;
                    ``(E) ensuring that new experimental and 
                computational tools are accessible to relevant research 
                communities,

[[Page 136 STAT. 1462]]

                including private sector entities and other Federal 
                research institutions; and
                    ``(F) supporting activities and projects that 
                combine computational modeling and simulation with 
                experimental research facilities and studies;
            ``(3) leverage the research infrastructure of the 
        Department, including scientific computing user facilities, x-
        ray light sources, neutron scattering facilities, nanoscale 
        science research centers, and sequencing and biocharacterization 
        facilities;
            ``(4) leverage experience from existing modeling and 
        simulation research and work sponsored by the Department and 
        promote collaboration and data sharing between National 
        Laboratories, research entities, and user facilities of the 
        Department by providing necessary access and secure data 
        transfer capabilities; and
            ``(5) ensure that new experimental and computational tools 
        are accessible to relevant research communities, including 
        private sector entities, to address emerging biological threats.

    ``(d) Coordination.--In carrying out the initiative established 
under subsection (a), the Secretary shall coordinate activities with--
            ``(1) other relevant offices of the Department;
            ``(2) the National Nuclear Security Administration;
            ``(3) the National Laboratories;
            ``(4) the Director of the National Science Foundation;
            ``(5) the Director of the Centers for Disease Control and 
        Prevention;
            ``(6) the Director of the National Institutes of Health;
            ``(7) the Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response;
            ``(8) the heads of other relevant Federal agencies;
            ``(9) institutions of higher education; and
            ``(10) the private sector.

    ``(e) Infectious Diseases High Performance Computing Research 
Consortium.--
            ``(1) <<NOTE: Coordination. Establishment.>>  In general.--
        The Secretary, in coordination with the Director of the National 
        Science Foundation and the Director of the Office of Science and 
        Technology Policy, shall establish and operate an Emerging 
        Infectious Diseases High Performance Computing Research 
        Consortium (referred to in this section as the `Consortium'), to 
        support the initiative established under subsection (a) by 
        providing, to the extent practicable, a centralized entity for 
        multidisciplinary, collaborative, emerging infectious disease 
        and biosecurity research and development through high 
        performance computing and advanced data analytics technologies 
        and processes, in conjunction with the experimental research 
        facilities and studies supported by the Department.
            ``(2) Membership.--The members of the Consortium may include 
        representatives from relevant Federal agencies, the National 
        Laboratories, the private sector, and institutions of higher 
        education, which can each contribute relevant compute time, 
        capabilities, or other resources.
            ``(3) Activities.--The Consortium shall--
                    ``(A) match applicants with available Federal and 
                private sector computing resources;
                    ``(B) consider supplemental awards for computing 
                partnerships with Consortium members to qualifying 
                entities on a competitive merit-review basis;

[[Page 136 STAT. 1463]]

                    ``(C) encourage collaboration and communication 
                among member representatives of the Consortium and 
                awardees;
                    ``(D) provide access to the high-performance 
                computing capabilities, expertise, and user facilities 
                of the Department and the National Laboratories; and
                    ``(E) <<NOTE: Time period. Reports. Summary.>>  
                submit an annual report to the Secretary summarizing the 
                activities of the Consortium, including--
                          ``(i) describing each project undertaken by 
                      the Consortium;
                          ``(ii) detailing organizational expenditures; 
                      and
                          ``(iii) <<NOTE: Evaluations.>>  evaluating 
                      contributions to the achievement of technical 
                      milestones as determined in subsection (a).
            ``(4) Coordination.--The Secretary shall ensure the 
        coordination of, and avoid unnecessary duplication of, the 
        activities of the Consortium with the activities of other 
        research entities of the Department, other Federal research 
        institutions, institutions of higher education, and the private 
        sector.

    ``(f) Report.--Not later than 2 years after the date of enactment of 
the Research and Development, Competition, and Innovation Act, the 
Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Science, Space, and 
Technology and the Committee on Energy and Commerce of the House of 
Representatives, and the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources, the 
Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation, and the Committee on 
Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions of the Senate, a report detailing 
the effectiveness of--
            ``(1) the interagency coordination among each Federal agency 
        involved in the initiative established under subsection (a);
            ``(2) the collaborative research achievements of that 
        initiative, including the achievement of the technical 
        milestones determined under that subsection; and
            ``(3) potential opportunities to expand the technical 
        capabilities of the Department.

    ``(g) Funding.--Out of funds authorized to be appropriated for the 
Office of Science in a fiscal year, there is authorized to be 
appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the activities under this 
section $50,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2023 through 2027.
``SEC. 316. <<NOTE: 42 USC 18654.>>  MIDSCALE INSTRUMENTATION AND 
                        RESEARCH EQUIPMENT PROGRAM.

    ``(a) In General.--The Director shall establish a midscale 
instrumentation and research equipment program to develop, acquire, and 
commercialize research instrumentation and equipment needed to meet the 
missions of the Department and to provide platform technologies for the 
broader scientific community.
    ``(b) Activities.--Under the program established under subsection 
(a), the Director shall--
            ``(1) enable the development and acquisition of novel, 
        state-of-the-art instruments that--
                    ``(A) range in cost from $1,000,000 to $20,000,000 
                each; and
                    ``(B) would significantly accelerate scientific 
                breakthroughs at user facilities; and
            ``(2) strongly encourage partnerships among--
                    ``(A) National Laboratories;

[[Page 136 STAT. 1464]]

                    ``(B) user facilities; and
                    ``(C)(i) institutions in a State receiving funding 
                under the Established Program to Stimulate Competitive 
                Research established under section 2203(b)(3) of the 
                Energy Policy Act of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 13503(b)(3));
                    ``(ii) historically Black colleges or universities;
                    ``(iii) minority-serving institutions of higher 
                education; or
                    ``(iv) institutions of higher education in a rural 
                area.

    ``(c) Coordination With Other Programs.--The Director shall 
coordinate the program established under subsection (a) with all other 
programs carried out by the Office of Science of the Department.
    ``(d) Research Equipment and Technology Development Coordination.--
The Director shall encourage coordination among the Office of Science, 
the National Laboratories, the Office of Technology Transitions, and 
relevant academic and private sector entities to identify, disseminate, 
and commercialize research instruments, equipment, and related 
technologies developed to aid basic science research discoveries that 
meet the mission of the Department.
    ``(e) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  Authorization of Appropriations.--Out 
of funds authorized to be appropriated for the Office of Science in a 
fiscal year, there is authorized to be appropriated to carry out this 
section $150,000,000 for each of fiscals years 2023 through 2027.
``SEC. 317. <<NOTE: Time periods. 42 USC 18655.>>  AUTHORIZATION 
                        OF APPROPRIATIONS.

    ``There are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry 
out the activities described in this title--
            ``(1) $8,902,392,400 for fiscal year 2023;
            ``(2) $9,541,895,744 for fiscal year 2024;
            ``(3) $10,068,198,994 for fiscal year 2025;
            ``(4) $10,468,916,520 for fiscal year 2026; and
            ``(5) $10,831,342,317 for fiscal year 2027.''.

    (b) Table of Contents.--Section 1(b) of the Department of Energy 
Research and Innovation Act <<NOTE: 132 Stat. 3130.>>  is amended in the 
table of contents by inserting after the item relating to section 309 
the following:

``Sec. 310. Accelerator research and development.
``Sec. 311. Isotope research, development, and production.
``Sec. 312. Increased collaboration with teachers and scientists.
``Sec. 313. High intensity laser research initiative.
``Sec. 314. Helium conservation program.
``Sec. 315. Office of Science Biological Threat Preparedness Research 
           Initiative.
``Sec. 316. Midscale instrumentation and research equipment program.
``Sec. 317. Authorization of appropriations.''.

SEC. 10113. ESTABLISHED PROGRAM TO STIMULATE COMPETITIVE RESEARCH.

    (a) Research Areas.--Section 2203(b)(3)(E) of the Energy Policy Act 
of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 13503(b)(3)(E)) is amended--
            (1) in the subparagraph heading, by striking ``in areas of 
        applied energy research, environmental management, and basic 
        science'';
            (2) in clause (i)--
                    (A) in subclause (I), by inserting ``nuclear 
                energy,'' before ``and''; and
                    (B) by striking subclause (V) and inserting the 
                following:

[[Page 136 STAT. 1465]]

                                    ``(V) scientific research, 
                                including--
                                            ``(aa) advanced scientific 
                                        computing research;
                                            ``(bb) basic energy 
                                        sciences;
                                            ``(cc) biological and 
                                        environmental research;
                                            ``(dd) fusion energy 
                                        sciences;
                                            ``(ee) high energy physics;
                                            ``(ff) nuclear physics;
                                            ``(gg) isotope research, 
                                        development, and production;
                                            ``(hh) accelerator research, 
                                        development, and production; and
                                            ``(ii) other areas of 
                                        research funded by the Office of 
                                        Science, as determined by the 
                                        Secretary.''; and
            (3) in clause (ii)--
                    (A) in subclause (II), by striking ``graduate'' and 
                inserting ``undergraduate scholarships, graduate 
                fellowships, and'';
                    (B) in subclause (III), by striking ``; and'' and 
                inserting ``and staff;'';
                    (C) in subclause (IV)--
                          (i) by striking ``biennial'' and inserting 
                      ``annual''; and
                          (ii) by striking the period at the end and 
                      inserting a semicolon; and
                    (D) by adding at the end the following:
                                    ``(V) to develop research clusters 
                                for particular areas of expertise; and
                                    ``(VI) to diversify the future 
                                workforce.''.

    (b) Research Capability Enhancement.--Section 2203(b)(3) of the 
Energy Policy Act of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 13503(b)(3)) is amended by striking 
subparagraph (F) and inserting the following:
                    ``(F) <<NOTE: Grants.>>  Research capability 
                enhancement.--
                          ``(i) Scholarships and fellowships.--
                                    ``(I) In general.--Pursuant to 
                                subparagraph (E)(ii), the Secretary 
                                shall award grants to institutions of 
                                higher education in eligible 
                                jurisdictions for those institutions of 
                                higher education to provide scholarships 
                                and fellowships.
                                    ``(II) <<NOTE: Time periods.>>  
                                Grant.--A scholarship or fellowship 
                                awarded by an institution of higher 
                                education in an eligible jurisdiction 
                                using a grant provided under subclause 
                                (I)--
                                            ``(aa) in the case of an 
                                        undergraduate scholarship--
                                                ``(AA) shall be for a 
                                            period of 1 year; and
                                                ``(BB) may be 
                                            competitively renewable on 
                                            an annual basis; and
                                            ``(bb) in the case of a 
                                        graduate level fellowship, shall 
                                        be for a period of not more than 
                                        5 years.
                          ``(ii) Early career capacity development.--
                                    ``(I) In general.--Pursuant to 
                                subparagraph (E)(ii), the Secretary 
                                shall award grants to early

[[Page 136 STAT. 1466]]

                                career faculty and staff at institutions 
                                of higher education in eligible 
                                jurisdictions--
                                            ``(aa) to support 
                                        investigator-initiated research, 
                                        including associated research 
                                        equipment and instrumentation;
                                            ``(bb) to support activities 
                                        associated with identifying and 
                                        responding to funding 
                                        opportunities;
                                            ``(cc) to secure technical 
                                        assistance for the pursuit of 
                                        funding opportunities; and
                                            ``(dd) to develop and 
                                        enhance collaboration among 
                                        National Laboratories, 
                                        Department of Energy programs, 
                                        the private sector, and other 
                                        relevant entities.
                                    ``(II) <<NOTE: Time periods.>>  
                                Grants.--A grant awarded under subclause 
                                (I) shall be--
                                            ``(aa) for a period of not 
                                        more than 5 years; and
                                            ``(bb) competitively 
                                        renewable for an additional 5-
                                        year period.
                          ``(iii) Research capacity development.--
                                    ``(I) In general.--Pursuant to 
                                subparagraph (E)(ii), the Secretary 
                                shall award competitive grants to 
                                institutions of higher education in 
                                eligible jurisdictions for research 
                                capacity development and implementation, 
                                including--
                                            ``(aa) developing expertise 
                                        in key technology areas, 
                                        including associated equipment 
                                        and instrumentation;
                                            ``(bb) developing and 
                                        acquiring novel, state-of-the-
                                        art instruments and equipment 
                                        that range in cost from $500,000 
                                        to $20,000,000;
                                            ``(cc) enhancing 
                                        collaboration with National 
                                        Laboratories, the Department of 
                                        Energy, and the private sector 
                                        through faculty or staff 
                                        placement programs; and
                                            ``(dd) supporting formal 
                                        partnership programs with 
                                        institutions of higher education 
                                        and National Laboratories.
                                    ``(II) <<NOTE: Time periods.>>  
                                Grants.--A grant awarded under subclause 
                                (I) shall be--
                                            ``(aa) for a period of not 
                                        more than 5 years; and
                                            ``(bb) renewable for an 
                                        additional 5-year period.
                                    ``(III) Equipment and 
                                instrumentation.--To the maximum extent 
                                practicable, the Secretary shall ensure 
                                that research equipment and 
                                instrumentation developed or acquired 
                                pursuant to a grant awarded under 
                                subclause (I) may sustain continued 
                                operation and be maintained without the 
                                need for additional or subsequent 
                                funding under this section.''.

    (c) Program Implementation Update.--Section 2203(b)(3)(G) of the 
Energy Policy Act of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 13503(b)(3)(G)) is amended by 
adding at the end the following:

[[Page 136 STAT. 1467]]

                          ``(iii) <<NOTE: Deadline.>>  Update.--Not 
                      later than 270 days after the date of enactment of 
                      the Research and Development, Competition, and 
                      Innovation Act, the Secretary shall--
                                    ``(I) update the plan submitted 
                                under clause (i); and
                                    ``(II) submit the updated plan to 
                                the committees described in that 
                                clause.''.

    (d) Program Evaluation Report.--Section 2203(b)(3)(H) of the Energy 
Policy Act of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 13503(b)(3)(H)) is amended by adding at 
the end the following:
                          ``(iv) Annual report.--At the end of each 
                      fiscal year, the Secretary shall submit to the 
                      Committee on Energy and Natural Resources and the 
                      Committee on Appropriations of the Senate and the 
                      Committee on Energy and Commerce and the Committee 
                      on Appropriations of the House of Representatives 
                      a report that includes--
                                    ``(I) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  the 
                                total amount of expenditures made by the 
                                Department to carry out EPSCoR in each 
                                eligible jurisdiction for each of the 3 
                                most recent fiscal years for which such 
                                information is available;
                                    ``(II)(aa) the number of EPSCoR 
                                awards made to institutions of higher 
                                education located in eligible 
                                jurisdictions; and
                                    ``(bb) the amount and type of each 
                                award;
                                    ``(III) the number of awards that 
                                are not EPSCoR awards made by the 
                                Secretary to institutions of higher 
                                education located in eligible 
                                jurisdictions;
                                    ``(IV)(aa) the number of 
                                representatives of institutions of 
                                higher education in eligible 
                                jurisdictions serving on each Office of 
                                Science advisory committee; and
                                    ``(bb) for each such advisory 
                                committee, the percentage of committee 
                                membership that those individuals 
                                constitute; and
                                    ``(V) the number of individuals from 
                                institutions of higher education in 
                                eligible jurisdictions serving on peer 
                                review committees.''.

    (e) Funding.--Section 2203(b)(3) of the Energy Policy Act of 1992 
(42 U.S.C. 13503(b)(3)) is amended by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(I) Funding.--
                          ``(i) <<NOTE: Time periods.>>  Authorization 
                      of appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
                      appropriated to the Secretary to carry out EPSCoR, 
                      to remain available until expended--
                                    ``(I) $50,000,000 for fiscal year 
                                2023;
                                    ``(II) $50,000,000 for fiscal year 
                                2024;
                                    ``(III) $75,000,000 for fiscal year 
                                2025;
                                    ``(IV) $100,000,000 for fiscal year 
                                2026; and
                                    ``(V) $100,000,000 for fiscal year 
                                2027.
                          ``(ii) Grants to consortia.--In the case of an 
                      EPSCoR grant awarded to a consortium that contains 
                      institutions of higher education that are not 
                      located in eligible jurisdictions, the Secretary 
                      may count--

[[Page 136 STAT. 1468]]

                                    ``(I) the full amount of funds 
                                expended to provide the grant towards 
                                meeting the funding requirement in 
                                clause (iii) if the lead entity of the 
                                consortium is an institution of higher 
                                education located in an eligible 
                                jurisdiction; and
                                    ``(II) only the funds provided to 
                                institutions of higher education located 
                                in eligible jurisdictions towards 
                                meeting the funding requirement in 
                                clause (iii) if the lead entity of the 
                                consortium is an institution of higher 
                                education that is not located in an 
                                eligible jurisdiction.
                          ``(iii) Additional funds for eligible 
                      jurisdictions.--In addition to funds authorized to 
                      be appropriated under clause (i), the Secretary, 
                      to the maximum extent practicable while 
                      maintaining the competitive, merit-based award 
                      processes of the Office of Science, shall ensure 
                      that, of the research and development funds of the 
                      Office of Science that are awarded by the 
                      Secretary each year to institutions of higher 
                      education, not less than 10 percent is awarded to 
                      institutions of higher education in eligible 
                      jurisdictions pursuant to the evaluation and 
                      selection criteria in section 605.10 of title 10, 
                      Code of Federal Regulations (or successor 
                      regulations).
                          ``(iv) Additional funds for equipment and 
                      instrumentation.--In addition <<NOTE: Time 
                      period.>>  to funds authorized to be appropriated 
                      under clause (i), there is authorized to be 
                      appropriated to the Secretary to award grants 
                      under subparagraph (F)(iii)(I) for the purpose 
                      described in item (bb) of that subparagraph 
                      $25,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2023 through 
                      2027, to remain available until expended.
                          ``(v) Accounting.--To the maximum extent 
                      practicable, the Secretary shall ensure that each 
                      program within the Department of Energy that 
                      endorses an EPSCoR grant awardee shall contribute 
                      funding to the award to acknowledge the research 
                      benefits to the mission of that program.''.

    (f) <<NOTE: 42 USC 7139 note.>>  Advisory Committees to the Office 
of Science.--In order to improve the advice and guidance provided to the 
Office of Science, the Undersecretary for Science shall seek to ensure, 
to the maximum extent practicable, the robust participation of 
institutions of higher education (as defined in section 101 of the 
Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1001)) located in eligible 
jurisdictions (as defined in section 2203(b)(3)(A) of the Energy Policy 
Act of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 13503(b)(3)(A))) on the Office of Science Federal 
Advisory Committee.

    (g) Technical Amendments.--Section 2203(b) of the Energy Policy Act 
of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 13503(b)) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (1), by striking ``(1) The Secretary'' and 
        inserting the following:
            ``(1) University research reactors.--The Secretary''; and
            (2) in paragraph (2), by striking ``(2) The Secretary'' and 
        inserting the following:
            ``(2) Method to evaluate effectiveness of education 
        programs.--The Secretary''.

[[Page 136 STAT. 1469]]

SEC. 10114. <<NOTE: 42 USC 18912.>>  RESEARCH SECURITY.

    (a) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Country of risk.--
                    (A) <<NOTE: Determination.>>  In general.--The term 
                ``country of risk'' means a foreign country determined 
                by the Secretary, in accordance with subparagraph (B), 
                to present a risk of theft of United States intellectual 
                property or a threat to the national security of the 
                United States if nationals of the country, or entities 
                owned or controlled by the country or nationals of the 
                country, participate in any research, development, 
                demonstration, or deployment activity authorized under 
                this division or division A or an amendment made by this 
                division or division A.
                    (B) <<NOTE: Coordination.>>  Determination.--In 
                making a determination under subparagraph (A), the 
                Secretary, in coordination with the Director of the 
                Office of Intelligence and Counterintelligence, shall 
                take into consideration--
                          (i) the most recent World Wide Threat 
                      Assessment of the United States Intelligence 
                      Community, prepared by the Director of National 
                      Intelligence; and
                          (ii) the most recent National 
                      Counterintelligence Strategy of the United States.
            (2) Covered support.--The term ``covered support'' means any 
        grant, contract, subcontract, award, loan, program, support, or 
        other activity authorized under this division or division A, or 
        an amendment made by this division or division A.
            (3) Entity of concern.--The term ``entity of concern'' means 
        any entity, including a national, that is--
                    (A) identified under section 1237(b) of the Strom 
                Thurmond National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal 
                Year 1999 (50 U.S.C. 1701 note; Public Law 105-261);
                    (B) identified under section 1260H of the William M. 
                (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for 
                Fiscal Year 2021 (10 U.S.C. 113 note; Public Law 116-
                283);
                    (C) on the Entity List maintained by the Bureau of 
                Industry and Security of the Department of Commerce and 
                set forth in Supplement No. 4 to part 744 of title 15, 
                Code of Federal Regulations;
                    (D) included in the list required by section 9(b)(3) 
                of the Uyghur Human Rights Policy Act of 2020 (Public 
                Law 116-145; 134 Stat. 656); or
                    (E) <<NOTE: Coordination.>>  identified by the 
                Secretary, in coordination with the Director of the 
                Office of Intelligence and Counterintelligence and the 
                applicable office that would provide, or is providing, 
                covered support, as posing an unmanageable threat--
                          (i) to the national security of the United 
                      States; or
                          (ii) of theft or loss of United States 
                      intellectual property.
            (4) National.--The term ``national'' has the meaning given 
        the term in section 101 of the Immigration and Nationality Act 
        (8 U.S.C. 1101).
            (5) Secretary.--The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary 
        of Energy.

    (b) Science and Technology Risk Assessment.--

[[Page 136 STAT. 1470]]

            (1) In general.--The Secretary shall develop and maintain 
        tools and processes to manage and mitigate research security 
        risks, such as a science and technology risk matrix, informed by 
        threats identified by the Director of the Office of Intelligence 
        and Counterintelligence, to facilitate determinations of the 
        risk of loss of United States intellectual property or threat to 
        the national security of the United States posed by activities 
        carried out under any covered support.
            (2) Content and implementation.--In developing and using the 
        tools and processes developed under paragraph (1), the Secretary 
        shall--
                    (A) deploy risk-based approaches to evaluating, 
                awarding, and managing certain research, development, 
                demonstration, and deployment activities, including 
                designations that will indicate the relative risk of 
                activities;
                    (B) <<NOTE: Assessments.>>  assess, to the extent 
                practicable, ongoing high-risk activities;
                    (C) <<NOTE: Designation. Notifications.>>  designate 
                an officer or employee of the Department of Energy to be 
                responsible for tracking and notifying recipients of any 
                covered support of unmanageable threats to United States 
                national security or of theft or loss of United States 
                intellectual property posed by an entity of concern;
                    (D) consider requiring recipients of covered support 
                to implement additional research security mitigations 
                for higher-risk activities if appropriate; and
                    (E) support the development of research security 
                training for recipients of covered support on the risks 
                posed by entities of concern.
            (3) Annual updates.--The tools and processes developed under 
        paragraph (1) shall be evaluated annually and updated as needed, 
        with threat-informed input from the Office of Intelligence and 
        Counterintelligence, to reflect changes in the risk designation 
        under paragraph (2)(A) of research, development, demonstration, 
        and deployment activities conducted by the Department.

    (c) Entity of Concern.--
            (1) Prohibition.--Except as provided in paragraph (2), no 
        entity of concern, or individual that owns or controls, is owned 
        or controlled by, or is under common ownership or control with 
        an entity of concern, may receive, or perform work under, any 
        covered support.
            (2) Waiver of prohibition.--
                    (A) <<NOTE: Determination.>>  In general.--The 
                Secretary may waive the prohibition under paragraph (1) 
                if determined by the Secretary to be in the national 
                interest.
                    (B) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  Notification to 
                congress.--Not less than 2 weeks prior to issuing a 
                waiver under subparagraph (A), the Secretary shall 
                notify the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of 
                the Senate and the Committee on Science, Space, and 
                Technology of the House of Representatives of the intent 
                to issue the waiver, including a justification for the 
                waiver.
            (3) Penalty.--
                    (A) Termination of support.--On finding that any 
                entity of concern or individual described in paragraph 
                (1) has received covered support and has not received a 
                waiver

[[Page 136 STAT. 1471]]

                under paragraph (2), the Secretary shall terminate all 
                covered support to that entity of concern or individual, 
                as applicable.
                    (B) <<NOTE: Determination.>>  Penalties.--An entity 
                of concern or individual identified under subparagraph 
                (A) shall be--
                          (i) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  prohibited from 
                      receiving or participating in covered support for 
                      a period of not less than 1 year but not more than 
                      10 years, as determined by the Secretary; or
                          (ii) instead of the penalty described in 
                      clause (i), subject to any other penalties 
                      authorized under applicable law or regulations 
                      that the Secretary determines to be in the 
                      national interest.
                    (C) Notification to congress.--Prior to imposing a 
                penalty under subparagraph (B), the Secretary shall 
                notify the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of 
                the Senate and the Committee on Science, Space, and 
                Technology of the House of Representatives of the intent 
                to impose the penalty, including a description of and 
                justification for the penalty.
            (4) Coordination.--The Secretary shall--
                    (A) share information about the unmanageable threats 
                described in subsection (a)(3)(E) with other Federal 
                agencies; and
                    (B) develop consistent approaches to identifying 
                entities of concern.

    (d) <<NOTE: Applicability.>>  International Agreements.--This 
section shall be applied in a manner consistent with the obligations of 
the United States under international agreements.

    (e) Report Required.--Not later than 240 days after the date of 
enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall submit to Congress a report 
that--
            (1) describes--
                    (A) <<NOTE: Updates.>>  the tools and processes 
                developed under subsection (b)(1) and any updates to 
                those tools and processes; and
                    (B) if applicable, the science and technology risk 
                matrix developed under that subsection and how that 
                matrix has been applied;
            (2) <<NOTE: Mitigation plan.>>  includes a mitigation plan 
        for managing risks posed by countries of risk with respect to 
        future or ongoing research and development activities of the 
        Department of Energy; and
            (3) defines critical research areas, designated by risk, as 
        determined by the Secretary.

 TITLE II--NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY FOR THE FUTURE

SEC. 10201. <<NOTE: 42 USC 18921.>>  DEFINITIONS.

    In this title:
            (1) Director.--The term ``Director'' means the Director of 
        the National Institute of Standards and Technology.
            (2) Enrollment of needy students.--The term ``enrollment of 
        needy students'' has the meaning given the term in

[[Page 136 STAT. 1472]]

        section 312(d) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 
        1058(d)).
            (3) Framework.--The term ``Framework'' means the Framework 
        for Improving Critical Infrastructure Cybersecurity developed by 
        the National Institute of Standards and Technology and referred 
        to in Executive Order No. 13800 issued on May 11, 2017 (82 Fed. 
        Reg. 22391 et seq.).
            (4) Institute.--The term ``Institute'' means the National 
        Institute of Standards and Technology.
            (5) International standards organization.--The term 
        ``international standards organization'' has the meaning given 
        such term in section 451 of the Trade Agreements Act of 1979 (19 
        U.S.C. 2571).
            (6) Secretary.--The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary 
        of Commerce.

               Subtitle A--Authorization of Appropriations

SEC. 10211. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

    (a) Fiscal Year 2023.--
            (1) In general.--There are authorized to be appropriated to 
        the Secretary of Commerce $1,551,450,000 for the National 
        Institute of Standards and Technology for fiscal year 2023.
            (2) Specific allocations.--Of the amount authorized by 
        paragraph (1)--
                    (A) $979,100,000 is authorized for scientific and 
                technical research and services laboratory activities;
                    (B) $200,000,000 is authorized for the construction 
                and maintenance of facilities, of which $80,000,000 is 
                authorized to be appropriated for Safety, Capacity, 
                Maintenance, and Major Repairs; and
                    (C) $372,350,000 is authorized for industrial 
                technology services activities, of which $275,300,000 is 
                authorized to be appropriated for the Manufacturing 
                Extension Partnership program under sections 25, 25A, 
                and 26 of the National Institute of Standards and 
                Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278k, 278k-1, and 278l) (of 
                which $31,000,000 is authorized to establish the 
                National Supply Chain Database under section 10253) and 
                $97,050,000 is authorized to be appropriated for the 
                Manufacturing USA Program under section 34 of the 
                National Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 
                U.S.C. 278s).

    (b) Fiscal Year 2024.--
            (1) In general.--There are authorized to be appropriated to 
        the Secretary of Commerce $1,651,600,000 for the National 
        Institute of Standards and Technology for fiscal year 2024.
            (2) Specific allocations.--Of the amount authorized by 
        paragraph (1)--
                    (A) $1,047,600,000 is authorized for scientific and 
                technical research and services laboratory activities;
                    (B) $200,000,000 is authorized for the construction 
                and maintenance of facilities, of which $80,000,000 is 
                authorized to be appropriated for Safety, Capacity, 
                Maintenance, and Major Repairs, including $20,000,000 
                for IT infrastructure; and

[[Page 136 STAT. 1473]]

                    (C) $404,000,000 is authorized for industrial 
                technology services activities, of which $300,000,000 is 
                authorized to be appropriated for the Manufacturing 
                Extension Partnership program under sections 25, 25A, 
                and 26 of the National Institute of Standards and 
                Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278k, 278k-1, and 278l) (of 
                which $26,000,000 is authorized to maintain, update, and 
                support Federal coordination of State supply chain 
                databases maintained by the Centers (as such term is 
                defined in such section 25 of such Act)) and 
                $104,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated for the 
                Manufacturing USA Program under section 34 of the 
                National Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 
                U.S.C. 278s).

    (c) Fiscal Year 2025.--
            (1) In general.--There are authorized to be appropriated to 
        the Secretary of Commerce $2,039,900,000 for the National 
        Institute of Standards and Technology for fiscal year 2025.
            (2) Specific allocations.--Of the amount authorized by 
        paragraph (1)--
                    (A) $1,120,900,000 is authorized for scientific and 
                technical research and services laboratory activities;
                    (B) $200,000,000 is authorized for the construction 
                and maintenance of facilities, of which $80,000,000 is 
                authorized to be appropriated for Safety, Capacity, 
                Maintenance, and Major Repairs, including $20,000,000 
                for IT infrastructure; and
                    (C) $719,000,000 is authorized for industrial 
                technology services activities, of which $550,000,000 is 
                authorized to be appropriated for the Manufacturing 
                Extension Partnership program under sections 25, 25A, 
                and 26 of the National Institute of Standards and 
                Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278k, 278k-1, and 278l) (of 
                which $26,000,000 is authorized to maintain, update, and 
                support Federal coordination of State supply chain 
                databases maintained by the Centers (as such term is 
                defined in such section 25 of such Act)) and 
                $169,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated for the 
                Manufacturing USA Program under section 34 of the 
                National Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 
                U.S.C. 278s).

    (d) Fiscal Year 2026.--
            (1) In general.--There are authorized to be appropriated to 
        the Secretary of Commerce $2,158,400,000 for the National 
        Institute of Standards and Technology for fiscal year 2026.
            (2) Specific allocations.--Of the amount authorized by 
        paragraph (1)--
                    (A) $1,199,400,000 is authorized for scientific and 
                technical research and services laboratory activities;
                    (B) $200,000,000 is authorized for the construction 
                and maintenance of facilities, of which $80,000,000 is 
                authorized to be appropriated for Safety, Capacity, 
                Maintenance, and Major Repairs, including $20,000,000 
                for IT infrastructure; and
                    (C) $759,000,000 is authorized for industrial 
                technology services activities, of which $550,000,000 is 
                authorized to be appropriated for the Manufacturing 
                Extension Partnership program under sections 25, 25A, 
                and 26 of the National Institute of Standards and 
                Technology Act (15

[[Page 136 STAT. 1474]]

                U.S.C. 278k, 278k-1, and 278l) (of which $26,000,000 is 
                authorized to maintain, update, and support Federal 
                coordination of State supply chain databases maintained 
                by the Centers (as such term is defined in such section 
                25 of such Act)) and $209,000,000 is authorized to be 
                appropriated for the Manufacturing USA Program under 
                section 34 of the National Institute of Standards and 
                Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278s).

    (e) Fiscal Year 2027.--
            (1) In general.--There are authorized to be appropriated to 
        the Secretary of Commerce $2,283,360,000 for the National 
        Institute of Standards and Technology for fiscal year 2027.
            (2) Specific allocations.--Of the amount authorized by 
        paragraph (1)--
                    (A) $1,283,360,000 is authorized for scientific and 
                technical research and services laboratory activities;
                    (B) $200,000,000 is authorized for the construction 
                and maintenance of facilities, of which $80,000,000 is 
                authorized to be appropriated for Safety, Capacity, 
                Maintenance, and Major Repairs, including $20,000,000 
                for IT infrastructure; and
                    (C) $800,000,000 is authorized for industrial 
                technology services activities, of which $550,000,000 is 
                authorized to be appropriated for the Manufacturing 
                Extension Partnership program under sections 25, 25A, 
                and 26 of the National Institute of Standards and 
                Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278k, 278k-1, and 23 278l) (of 
                which $26,000,000 is authorized to maintain, update, and 
                support Federal coordination of State supply chain 
                databases maintained by the Centers (as such term is 
                defined in such section 25 of such Act)) and 
                $250,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated for the 
                Manufacturing USA Program under section 34 of the 
                National Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 
                U.S.C. 278s).

                    Subtitle B--Measurement Research

SEC. 10221. <<NOTE: 42 USC 18931.>>  ENGINEERING BIOLOGY AND 
                            BIOMETROLOGY.

    (a) <<NOTE: Coordination.>>  In General.--The Director, in 
coordination with the National Engineering Biology Research and 
Development Initiative established pursuant to title IV, shall--
            (1) support basic measurement science and technology 
        research for engineering biology, biomanufacturing, and 
        biometrology to advance--
                    (A) measurement technologies to support foundational 
                understanding of the mechanisms of conversion of DNA 
                information into cellular function;
                    (B) technologies for measurement of such 
                biomolecular components and related systems;
                    (C) new data tools, techniques, and processes to 
                improve engineering biology, biomanufacturing, and 
                biometrology research; and
                    (D) <<NOTE: Determination.>>  other areas of 
                measurement science and technology research determined 
                by the Director to be critical to the development and 
                deployment of engineering biology, biomanufacturing and 
                biometrology;

[[Page 136 STAT. 1475]]

            (2) support activities to inform and expand the development 
        of measurements infrastructure needed to develop technical 
        standards to establish interoperability and facilitate 
        commercial development of biomolecular measurement technology 
        and engineering biology applications;
            (3) convene industry, institutions of higher education, 
        nonprofit organizations, Federal laboratories, and other Federal 
        agencies engaged in engineering biology research and development 
        to develop coordinated technical roadmaps for authoritative 
        measurement of the molecular components of the cell;
            (4) provide access to user facilities with advanced or 
        unique equipment, services, materials, and other resources to 
        industry, institutions of higher education, nonprofit 
        organizations, and government agencies to perform research and 
        testing;
            (5) establish or expand collaborative partnerships or 
        consortia with other Federal agencies engaged in engineering 
        biology research and development, institutions of higher 
        education, Federal laboratories, and industry to advance 
        engineering biology applications; and
            (6) support graduate and postgraduate research and training 
        in biometrology, biomanufacturing, and engineering biology.

    (b) Rule of Construction.--Nothing in this section may be construed 
to alter the policies, processes, or practices of individual Federal 
agencies in effect on the day before the date of the enactment of this 
Act relating to the conduct or support of biomedical research and 
advanced development, including the solicitation and review of 
extramural research proposals.
    (c) Controls.--In carrying out activities authorized by this 
section, the Secretary shall ensure proper security controls are in 
place to protect sensitive information, as appropriate.
SEC. 10222. <<NOTE: Coordination. 42 USC 
                            18932. Consultation. Assessment.>>  
                            GREENHOUSE GAS MEASUREMENT RESEARCH.

    (a) In General.--The Director, in consultation with the 
Administrator of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 
the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency, the National 
Aeronautics and Space Administration, the Director of the National 
Science Foundation, the Secretary of Energy, and the heads of other 
Federal agencies, as appropriate, shall carry out a measurement research 
program to inform the development or improvement of best practices, 
benchmarks, methodologies, procedures, and technical standards for the 
measurement of greenhouse gas emissions and to assess and improve the 
performance of greenhouse gas emissions measurement systems placed in 
situ and on space-based platforms.
    (b) Activities.--In carrying out such a program, the Director may--
            (1) conduct research and testing to improve the accuracy, 
        efficacy, and reliability of the measurement of greenhouse gas 
        emissions at a range of scales that covers direct measurement at 
        the component or process level through atmospheric observations;
            (2) conduct research to create novel measurement 
        technologies and techniques for the measurement of greenhouse 
        gas emissions;
            (3) convene and engage with relevant Federal agencies and 
        stakeholders to establish common definitions and

[[Page 136 STAT. 1476]]

        characterizations for the measurement of greenhouse gas 
        emissions, taking into account any existing United States and 
        international technical standards and guidance;
            (4) conduct outreach and coordination to share technical 
        expertise with relevant industry and nonindustry stakeholders 
        and standards development organizations to--
                    (A) assist such entities in the development and 
                adoption of best practices and technical standards for 
                greenhouse gas emissions measurements; and
                    (B) promote consistency and traceability in 
                international reference standards and central 
                calibration laboratories;
            (5) <<NOTE: Determination.>>  in coordination with the 
        Administrator of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric 
        Administration, the Administrator of the Environmental 
        Protection Agency, and the Secretary of Energy, develop such 
        standard reference materials as the Director determines is 
        necessary to further the development of such technical 
        standards, taking into account any existing United States or 
        international standards;
            (6) <<NOTE: Data.>>  coordinate with the National Oceanic 
        and Atmospheric Administration to ensure data are managed, 
        stewarded, and archived at all levels and promote full and open 
        exchange at Federal and State levels, and with academia, 
        industry, and other users; and
            (7) <<NOTE: Standards.>>  coordinate with international 
        partners, including international standards organizations, to 
        maintain global greenhouse gas measurement technical standards.

    (c) Testbeds.--In coordination with the private sector, institutions 
of higher education, State and local governments, the National Oceanic 
and Atmospheric Administration, the Environmental Protection Agency, the 
Department of Energy, and other Federal agencies, as appropriate, the 
Director may continue to develop and manage testbeds to advance research 
and standards development for greenhouse gas emissions measurements from 
in situ and space-based platforms.
    (d) Center for Greenhouse Gas Measurements, Standards, and 
Information.--
            (1) <<NOTE: Establishment.>>  In general.--The Director, in 
        collaboration with the Administrator of the National Oceanic and 
        Atmospheric Administration, the Administrator of the 
        Environmental Protection Agency, and the heads of other Federal 
        agencies, as appropriate, shall establish a Center for 
        Greenhouse Gas Measurements, Standards, and Information (in this 
        subsection referred to as the ``Center'').
            (2) <<NOTE: Requirement.>>  Collaborations.--The Director 
        shall require that the activities of the Center include 
        collaboration among public and private organizations, including 
        institutions of higher education, nonprofit organizations, 
        private sector entities, and State, Tribal, territorial, and 
        local officials.
            (3) Purpose.--The purpose of the Center shall be to--
                    (A) advance measurement science, data analytics, and 
                modeling at a range of scales that covers direct 
                measurement and estimation at the component or process 
                level through atmospheric observations and at the 
                analysis level to improve the accuracy of spatially and 
                temporally

[[Page 136 STAT. 1477]]

                resolved greenhouse gas emissions measurement, 
                validation, and attribution to specific underlying 
                activities and processes;
                    (B) test and evaluate the performance of existing 
                capabilities, and inform and improve best practices, 
                benchmarks, methodologies, procedures, and technical 
                standards, for the measurement and validation of 
                greenhouse gas emissions at scales noted in subparagraph 
                (A);
                    (C) educate and train students in measurement 
                science, computational science, and systems engineering 
                research relevant to greenhouse gas emissions 
                measurements;
                    (D) foster collaboration among academic researchers, 
                private sector stakeholders, and State, Tribal, 
                territorial, and local officials in the use of Institute 
                testbeds as described in subsection (c);
                    (E) conduct activities with research institutions, 
                industry partners, and State and local officials to 
                identify research, testing, and technical standards 
                needs relevant to greenhouse gas emissions; and
                    (F) collaborate with other Federal agencies to 
                conduct outreach and coordination to share and promote 
                technical data, tools, and expertise with relevant 
                public and private sector stakeholders, including State, 
                Tribal, territorial, and local officials, to assist such 
                in the accurate measurement of greenhouse gas emissions.
SEC. 10223. NIST AUTHORITY FOR CYBERSECURITY AND PRIVACY 
                            ACTIVITIES.

    Subsection (c) of section 2 of the National Institute of Standards 
and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 272) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (16), by striking the period at the end and 
        inserting a semicolon;
            (2) by redesignating paragraphs (16) through (27) as 
        paragraphs (21) through (32), respectively; and
            (3) by inserting after paragraph (15) the following:
            ``(16) support information security measures for the 
        development and lifecycle of software and the software supply 
        chain, including development of voluntary, consensus-based 
        technical standards, best practices, frameworks, methodologies, 
        procedures, processes, and software engineering toolkits and 
        configurations;
            ``(17) support information security measures, including 
        voluntary, consensus-based technical standards, best practices, 
        and guidelines, for the design, adoption, and deployment of 
        cloud computing services;
            ``(18) support research, development, and practical 
        application to improve the usability of cybersecurity processes 
        and technologies;
            ``(19) facilitate and support the development of a 
        voluntary, consensus-based set of technical standards, 
        guidelines, best practices, methodologies, procedures, and 
        processes to improve privacy protections in systems, 
        technologies, and processes used by both the public and private 
        sector;
            ``(20) support privacy measures, including voluntary, 
        consensus-based technical standards, best practices, guidelines, 
        metrology, and testbeds for the design, adoption, and deployment 
        of privacy enhancing technologies;''.

[[Page 136 STAT. 1478]]

SEC. 10224. <<NOTE: 42 USC 18933.>>  SOFTWARE SECURITY AND 
                            AUTHENTICATION.

    (a) Vulnerabilities in Open Source Software.--The Director shall 
assign severity metrics to identified vulnerabilities with open source 
software and produce voluntary guidance to assist the entities that 
maintain open source software repositories to discover and mitigate 
vulnerabilities.
    (b) <<NOTE: Data. Evaluations.>>  Artificial Intelligence-enabled 
Defenses.--The Director shall carry out research and testing to improve 
the effectiveness of artificial intelligence-enabled cybersecurity, 
including by generating optimized data sets to train artificial 
intelligence defense systems and evaluating the performance of varying 
network architectures at strengthening network security.

    (c) Authentication of Institute Software.--The Director shall ensure 
all software released by the Institute is digitally signed and 
maintained to enable stakeholders to verify its authenticity and 
integrity upon installation and execution.
    (d) Assistance to Inspectors General.--Subject to available funding, 
the Director shall provide technical assistance to improve the education 
and training of individual Federal agency Inspectors General and staff 
who are responsible for the annual independent evaluation they are 
required to perform of the information security program and practices of 
Federal agencies under section 3555 of title 44, United States Code.
    (e) <<NOTE: Coordination.>>  Software Supply Chain Security 
Practices.--
            (1) In general.--The Director shall, in coordination with 
        industry, academia, and other Federal agencies, as appropriate, 
        develop a set of security outcomes and practices, including 
        security controls, control enhancements, supplemental guidance, 
        or other supporting information to enable software developers 
        and operators to identify, assess, and manage cybersecurity 
        risks over the full lifecycle of software products.
            (2) Outreach.--The Director shall conduct outreach and 
        coordination activities to share technical expertise with 
        Federal agencies, relevant industry stakeholders, and standards 
        development organizations, as appropriate, to encourage the 
        voluntary adoption of the software lifecycle security practices 
        by Federal agencies and industry stakeholders.
SEC. 10225. DIGITAL IDENTITY MANAGEMENT RESEARCH.

    Section 504 of the Cybersecurity Enhancement Act of 2014 (15 U.S.C. 
7464) is amended to read as follows:
``SEC. 504. IDENTITY MANAGEMENT RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT.

    ``(a) <<NOTE: Standards. Criteria.>>  In General.--The Director 
shall carry out a program of research to support the development of 
voluntary, consensus-based technical standards, best practices, 
benchmarks, methodologies, metrology, testbeds, and conformance criteria 
for identity management, taking into account appropriate user concerns 
to--
            ``(1) improve interoperability and portability among 
        identity management technologies;
            ``(2) strengthen identity proofing and verification methods 
        used in identity management systems commensurate with the level 
        of risk, including identity and attribute validation services 
        provided by Federal, State, and local governments;
            ``(3) improve privacy protection in identity management 
        systems; and

[[Page 136 STAT. 1479]]

            ``(4) improve the accuracy, usability, and inclusivity of 
        identity management systems.

    ``(b) <<NOTE: Consultation.>>  Digital Identity Technical Roadmap.--
The Director, in consultation with other relevant Federal agencies and 
stakeholders from the private sector, shall develop and maintain a 
technical roadmap for digital identity management research and 
development focused on enabling the voluntary use and adoption of modern 
digital identity solutions that align with the four criteria in 
subsection (a).

    ``(c) Digital Identity Management Guidance.--
            ``(1) <<NOTE: Updates.>>  In general.--The Director shall 
        develop, and periodically update, in collaboration with other 
        public and private sector organizations, common definitions and 
        voluntary guidance for digital identity management systems, 
        including identity and attribute validation services provided by 
        Federal, State, and local governments.
            ``(2) Guidance.--The Guidance shall--
                    ``(A) align with the four criteria in subsection 
                (a), as practicable;
                    ``(B) provide case studies of implementation of 
                guidance;
                    ``(C) incorporate voluntary technical standards and 
                industry best practices; and
                    ``(D) not prescribe or otherwise require the use of 
                specific technology products or services.
            ``(3) Consultation.--In carrying out this subsection, the 
        Director shall consult with--
                    ``(A) Federal and State agencies;
                    ``(B) industry;
                    ``(C) potential end-users and individuals that will 
                use services related to digital identity verification; 
                and
                    ``(D) <<NOTE: Determination.>>  experts with 
                relevant experience in the systems that enable digital 
                identity verification, as determined by the Director.''.
SEC. 10226. <<NOTE: 42 USC 18934.>>  BIOMETRICS RESEARCH AND 
                            TESTING.

    (a) <<NOTE: Assessment.>>  In General.--The Secretary, acting 
through the Director, shall establish a program to support measurement 
research to inform the development of best practices, benchmarks, 
methodologies, procedures, and voluntary, consensus-based technical 
standards for biometric identification systems, including facial 
recognition systems, to assess and improve the performance of such 
systems. In carrying out such program, the Director may--
            (1) conduct measurement research to support efforts to 
        improve the performance of biometric identification systems, 
        including in areas related to conformity assessment, image 
        quality and interoperability, contactless biometric capture 
        technologies, and human-in-the-loop biometric identification 
        systems and processes;
            (2) convene and engage with relevant stakeholders to 
        establish common definitions and characterizations for biometric 
        identification systems, which may include accuracy, fairness, 
        bias, privacy, consent, and other properties, taking into 
        account definitions in relevant international technical 
        standards and other publications;
            (3) carry out measurement research and testing on a range of 
        biometric modalities, such as fingerprints, voice, iris, face,

[[Page 136 STAT. 1480]]

        vein, behavioral biometrics, genetics, multimodal biometrics, 
        and emerging applications of biometric identification 
        technology;
            (4) study the use of privacy-enhancing technologies and 
        other technical protective controls to facilitate access, as 
        appropriate, to public data sets for biometric research;
            (5) <<NOTE: Coordination.>>  conduct outreach and 
        coordination to share technical expertise with relevant industry 
        and nonindustry stakeholders and standards development 
        organizations to assist such entities in the development of best 
        practices and voluntary technical standards; and
            (6) <<NOTE: Determination.>>  develop such standard 
        reference artifacts as the Director determines is necessary to 
        further the development of such voluntary technical standards.

    (b) Biometrics Test Program.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary, acting through the Director, 
        shall carry out a test program to provide biometrics vendors the 
        opportunity to test biometric identification technologies across 
        a range of modalities.
            (2) Activities.--In carrying out the program under this 
        subsection, the Director shall--
                    (A) conduct research and regular testing to improve 
                and benchmark the accuracy, efficacy, and bias of 
                biometric identification technologies, which may include 
                research and testing on demographic variations, capture 
                devices, presentation attack detection, partially 
                occluded or computer generated images, privacy and 
                security designs and controls, template protection, de-
                identification, and comparison of algorithm, human, and 
                combined algorithm-human recognition capability;
                    (B) develop an approach for testing software and 
                cloud-based biometrics applications, including remote 
                systems, in Institute test facilities;
                    (C) <<NOTE: Criteria.>>  establish reference use 
                cases for biometric identification technologies and 
                performance criteria for assessing each use case, 
                including accuracy, efficacy, and bias metrics;
                    (D) <<NOTE: Reports.>>  produce public-facing 
                reports of the findings from such testing for a general 
                audience;
                    (E) <<NOTE: Policies. Procedures.>>  develop 
                policies and procedures accounting for the legal and 
                social implications of activities under this paragraph 
                when working with a foreign entity of concern (as such 
                term is defined in section 10612);
                    (F) <<NOTE: Procedures.>>  establish procedures to 
                prioritize testing of biometrics identification 
                technologies developed by entities headquartered in the 
                United States; and
                    (G) <<NOTE: Determination.>>  conduct such other 
                activities as determined necessary by the Director.

    (c) GAO Report to Congress.--Not later than 18 months after the date 
of the enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General of the United 
States shall submit a detailed report to Congress on the impact of 
biometric identification technologies on historically marginalized 
communities, including low-income communities and minority religious, 
racial, and ethnic groups. <<NOTE: Public information. Web posting.>>  
Such report should be made publicly available on an internet website.

[[Page 136 STAT. 1481]]

SEC. 10227. FEDERAL BIOMETRIC PERFORMANCE STANDARDS.

    Subsection (b) of section 20 of the National Institute of Standards 
and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278g-3) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (2), by striking ``and'' after the 
        semicolon;
            (2) in paragraph (3), by striking the period and inserting 
        ``; and''; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(4) performance standards and guidelines for high risk 
        biometric identification systems, including facial recognition 
        systems, accounting for various use cases, types of biometric 
        identification systems, and relevant operational conditions.''.
SEC. 10228. PROTECTING RESEARCH FROM CYBERSECURITY THEFT.

    Subparagraph (A) of section 2(e)(1) of the National Institute of 
Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 272(e)(1)) is amended--
            (1) in clause (viii), by striking ``and'' after the 
        semicolon;
            (2) by redesignating clause (ix) as clause (x); and
            (3) by inserting after clause (viii) the following:
                          ``(ix) consider institutions of higher 
                      education (as such term is defined in section 101 
                      of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 
                      1001)); and''.
SEC. 10229. <<NOTE: 42 USC 18935.>>  DISSEMINATION OF RESOURCES 
                            FOR RESEARCH INSTITUTIONS.

    (a) Dissemination of Resources for Research Institutions.--
            (1) <<NOTE: Deadline. Public information.>>  In general.--
        Not later than one year after the date of the enactment of this 
        Act, the Director shall, using the authorities of the Director 
        under subsections (c)(15) and (e)(1)(A)(ix) of section 2 of the 
        National Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 
        272), disseminate and make publicly available tailored resources 
        to help qualifying institutions identify, assess, manage, and 
        reduce their cybersecurity risk related to conducting research.
            (2) Requirements.--The Director shall ensure that the 
        resources disseminated pursuant to paragraph (1)--
                    (A) are generally applicable and usable by a wide 
                range of qualifying institutions;
                    (B) vary with the nature and size of the qualifying 
                institutions, and the nature and sensitivity of the data 
                collected or stored on the information systems or 
                devices of the qualifying institutions;
                    (C) include elements that promote awareness of 
                simple, basic controls, a workplace cybersecurity 
                culture, and third-party stakeholder relationships, to 
                assist qualifying institutions in mitigating common 
                cybersecurity risks;
                    (D) include case studies, examples, and scenarios of 
                practical application;
                    (E) are outcomes-based and can be implemented using 
                a variety of technologies that are commercial and off-
                the-shelf; and
                    (F) to the extent practicable, are based on 
                international technical standards.
            (3) National cybersecurity awareness and education 
        program.--The Director shall ensure that the resources 
        disseminated under paragraph (1) are consistent with the

[[Page 136 STAT. 1482]]

        efforts of the Director under section 303 of the Cybersecurity 
        Enhancement Act of 2014 (15 U.S.C. 7443).
            (4) <<NOTE: Reviews. Determination.>>  Updates.--The 
        Director shall review periodically and update the resources 
        under paragraph (1) as the Director determines appropriate.
            (5) Voluntary resources.--The use of the resources 
        disseminated under paragraph (1) shall be considered voluntary.

    (b) Other Federal Cybersecurity Requirements.--Nothing in this 
section may be construed to supersede, alter, or otherwise affect any 
cybersecurity requirements applicable to Federal agencies.
    (c) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Qualifying institutions.--The term ``qualifying 
        institutions'' means institutions of higher education that are 
        awarded in excess of $50,000,000 per year in total Federal 
        research funding.
            (2) Resources.--The term ``resources'' means guidelines, 
        tools, best practices, technical standards, methodologies, and 
        other ways of providing information.
SEC. 10230. ADVANCED COMMUNICATIONS RESEARCH.

    The National Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 
271 et seq.) is amended--
            (1) <<NOTE: 15 USC 271 note.>>  by redesignating section 35 
        as section 36; and
            (2) by inserting after section 34 the following:
``SEC. 35. <<NOTE: 15 USC 278t.>>  ADVANCED COMMUNICATIONS 
                      RESEARCH ACTIVITIES.

    ``(a) Advanced Communications Research.--
            ``(1) <<NOTE: Consultation.>>  In general.--The Director, in 
        consultation with the Assistant Secretary for Communications and 
        Information, the Director of the National Science Foundation, 
        and heads of other Federal agencies, as appropriate, shall carry 
        out a program of measurement research for advanced 
        communications technologies.
            ``(2) Research areas.--Research areas may include--
                    ``(A) radio frequency emissions and interference, 
                including technologies and techniques to mitigate such 
                emissions and interference;
                    ``(B) advanced antenna arrays and artificial 
                intelligence systems capable of operating advanced 
                antenna arrays;
                    ``(C) artificial intelligence systems to enable 
                internet of things networks, immersive technology, and 
                other advanced communications technologies;
                    ``(D) network sensing and monitoring technologies;
                    ``(E) technologies to enable spectrum flexibility 
                and agility;
                    ``(F) optical and quantum communications 
                technologies;
                    ``(G) security of advanced communications systems;
                    ``(H) public safety communications;
                    ``(I) resilient internet of things applications for 
                advanced manufacturing; and
                    ``(J) <<NOTE: Determination.>>  other research areas 
                determined necessary by the Director.
            ``(3) <<NOTE: Coordination.>>  Testbeds.--In coordination 
        with the Assistant Secretary for Communications and Information, 
        the private sector, and other Federal agencies as appropriate, 
        the Director may develop and manage testbeds for research and 
        development

[[Page 136 STAT. 1483]]

        of advanced communications technologies, avoiding duplication of 
        existing testbeds run by other agencies or the private sector.
            ``(4) Outreach.--In carrying out the activities under this 
        subsection, the Director shall seek input from other Federal 
        agencies and from private sector stakeholders, on an ongoing 
        basis, to help inform research and development priorities, 
        including through workshops and other multistakeholder 
        activities.
            ``(5) <<NOTE: Updates.>>  Technical roadmaps.--In carrying 
        out the activities under this subsection, the Director shall 
        convene industry, institutions of higher education, nonprofit 
        organizations, Federal laboratories, and other Federal agencies 
        engaged in advanced communications research and development to 
        develop, and periodically update, coordinated technical roadmaps 
        for advanced communications research in priority areas, such as 
        those described in paragraph (2).

    ``(b) National Advanced Spectrum and Communications Test Network.-- 
<<NOTE: Coordination.>> 
            ``(1) In general.--The Director, in coordination with the 
        Administrator of the National Telecommunications and Information 
        Administration and heads of other Federal agencies, as 
        appropriate, shall operate a national network of government, 
        academic, and commercial test capabilities and facilities to be 
        known as the National Advanced Spectrum and Communications Test 
        Network (referred to in this section as `NASCTN').
            ``(2) Purposes.--NASCTN shall be for the purposes of 
        facilitating and coordinating the use of intellectual capacity, 
        modeling and simulation, laboratory facilities, and test 
        facilities to meet national spectrum interests and challenges, 
        including--
                    ``(A) <<NOTE: Analyses.>>  measurements and analyses 
                of electromagnetic propagation, radio systems 
                characteristics, and operating techniques affecting the 
                utilization of the electromagnetic spectrum in 
                coordination with specialized, related research and 
                analysis performed by other Federal agencies in their 
                areas of responsibility;
                    ``(B) <<NOTE: Analysis.>>  conducting research and 
                analysis in the general field of telecommunications 
                sciences in support of the Institute's mission and in 
                support of other Government agencies;
                    ``(C) developing methodologies for testing, 
                measuring, and setting guidelines for interference;
                    ``(D) conducting interference tests to better 
                understand the impact of current and proposed Federal 
                and commercial spectrum activities;
                    ``(E) conducting research and testing to improve 
                spectrum interference tolerance, flexibility, agility, 
                and interference mitigation methods; and
                    ``(F) <<NOTE: Determination.>>  other activities as 
                determined necessary by the Director.''.
SEC. 10231. <<NOTE: 42 USC 18936.>>  NEUTRON SCATTERING.

    (a) Strategic Plan for the Institute Neutron Reactor.--The Director 
shall develop a strategic plan for the future of the NIST Center for 
Neutron Research after the current neutron reactor is decommissioned, 
including--

[[Page 136 STAT. 1484]]

            (1) <<NOTE: Timeline.>>  a succession plan for the reactor, 
        including a roadmap with timeline and milestones;
            (2) conceptual design of a new reactor and accompanying 
        facilities, as appropriate; and
            (3) a plan to minimize disruptions to the user community 
        during the transition.

    (b) Coordination With the Department of Energy.--The Secretary, 
acting through the Director, shall coordinate with the Secretary of 
Energy on issues related to Federal support for neutron science, 
including estimation of long-term needs for research using neutron 
sources, and planning efforts for future facilities to meet such needs.
    (c) <<NOTE: Notification.>>  Report to Congress.--Not later than 30 
months after the date of enactment of this Act, the Director shall 
submit to Congress the plan required under subsection (a), and shall 
notify Congress of any substantial updates to such plan in subsequent 
years.
SEC. 10232. ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE.

    (a) <<NOTE: 42 USC 18937.>>  In General.--The Director shall 
continue to support the development of artificial intelligence and data 
science, and carry out the activities of the National Artificial 
Intelligence Initiative Act of 2020 authorized in division E of the 
National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (Public Law 116-
283), including through--
            (1) expanding the Institute's capabilities, including 
        scientific staff and research infrastructure;
            (2) supporting measurement research and development for 
        advanced computer chips and hardware designed for artificial 
        intelligence systems;
            (3) <<NOTE: Standards. Guidelines.>>  supporting the 
        development of technical standards and guidelines that promote 
        safe and trustworthy artificial intelligence systems, such as 
        enhancing the accuracy, explainability, privacy, reliability, 
        robustness, safety, security, and mitigation of harmful bias in 
        artificial intelligence systems;
            (4) creating a framework for managing risks associated with 
        artificial intelligence systems; and
            (5) <<NOTE: Publication.>>  developing and publishing 
        cybersecurity tools, encryption methods, and best practices for 
        artificial intelligence and data science.

    (b) AI Testbeds.--Section 22A of the National Institute of Standards 
and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278h-1) is amended--
            (1) by redesignating subsection (g) as subsection (h); and
            (2) by inserting after subsection (f) the following:

    ``(g) <<NOTE: Coordination. Examination.>>  Testbeds.--In 
coordination with other Federal agencies as appropriate, the private 
sector, and institutions of higher education (as such term is defined in 
section 101 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1001)), the 
Director may establish testbeds, including in virtual environments, to 
support the development of robust and trustworthy artificial 
intelligence and machine learning systems, including testbeds that 
examine the vulnerabilities and conditions that may lead to failure in, 
malfunction of, or attacks on such systems.''.
SEC. 10233. <<NOTE: 42 USC 18938.>>  SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY 
                            RESEARCH AND EDUCATION.

    In <<NOTE: Coordination.>>  accordance with section 263 of the 
National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (15 U.S.C. 
9303), the Director shall carry out activities in support of sustainable 
chemistry,

[[Page 136 STAT. 1485]]

including coordinating and partnering with academia, industry, nonprofit 
organizations, and other entities in activities to support clean, safe, 
and economic alternatives, technologies, and methodologies to 
traditional chemical products and processes.
SEC. 10234. <<NOTE: 42 USC 18939.>>  PREMISE PLUMBING RESEARCH.

    (a) <<NOTE: Consultation.>>  In General.--The Secretary, acting 
through the Director, shall create a program, in consultation with the 
Environmental Protection Agency, for premise plumbing research, 
including to--
            (1) conduct metrology research on premise plumbing in 
        relation to water safety, security, efficiency, sustainability, 
        and resilience; and
            (2) <<NOTE: Coordination.>>  coordinate research activities 
        with academia, the private sector, nonprofit organizations, and 
        other Federal agencies.

    (b) Definitions.--For purposes of this section, the term ``premise 
plumbing'' means the water distribution system located within the 
property lines of a property, including all buildings and permanent 
structures on such property. Such term includes building supply and 
distribution pipes, fixtures, fittings, water heaters, water-treating 
and water-using equipment, and all respective joints, connections, 
devices, and appurtenances.
SEC. 10235. <<NOTE: 42 USC 18940.>>  DR. DAVID SATCHER 
                            CYBERSECURITY EDUCATION GRANT PROGRAM.

    (a) Authorization of Grants.--
            (1) In general.--Subject to the availability of 
        appropriations, the Director shall carry out the Dr. David 
        Satcher Cybersecurity Education Grant Program by--
                    (A) awarding grants to assist institutions of higher 
                education that have an enrollment of needy students, 
                historically Black colleges and universities, Tribal 
                Colleges and Universities, and minority-serving 
                institutions, to establish or expand cybersecurity 
                programs, to build and upgrade institutional capacity to 
                better support new or existing cybersecurity programs, 
                including cybersecurity partnerships with public and 
                private entities, and to support such institutions on 
                the path to producing qualified entrants in the 
                cybersecurity workforce or becoming a National Center of 
                Academic Excellence in Cybersecurity; and
                    (B) awarding grants to build capacity at 
                institutions of higher education that have an enrollment 
                of needy students, historically Black colleges and 
                universities, Tribal Colleges and Universities, and 
                minority-serving institutions, to expand cybersecurity 
                education opportunities, cybersecurity programs, 
                cybersecurity research, and cybersecurity partnerships 
                with public and private entities.
            (2) Reservation.--The Director shall award not less than 50 
        percent of the amount available for grants under this section to 
        historically Black colleges and universities, Tribal Colleges 
        and Universities, and minority-serving institutions.
            (3) Coordination.--The Director shall carry out this section 
        in coordination with appropriate Federal agencies, including the 
        Departments of Homeland Security, Education, and Labor.
            (4) Sunset.--The Director's authority to award grants under 
        paragraph (1) shall terminate on the date that is 5

[[Page 136 STAT. 1486]]

        years after the date the Director first awards a grant under 
        paragraph (1).

    (b) Applications.--An eligible institution seeking a grant under 
subsection (a) shall submit an application to the Director at such time, 
in such manner, and containing such information as the Director may 
reasonably require, including a statement of how the institution will 
use the funds awarded through the grant to expand cybersecurity 
education opportunities at the eligible institution.
    (c) Activities.--An eligible institution that receives a grant under 
this section may use the funds awarded through such grant for increasing 
research, education, technical, partnership, and innovation capacity, 
including for--
            (1) building and upgrading institutional capacity to better 
        support new or existing cybersecurity programs, including 
        cybersecurity partnerships with public and private entities;
            (2) building and upgrading institutional capacity to provide 
        hands-on research and training experiences for undergraduate and 
        graduate students; and
            (3) outreach and recruitment to ensure students are aware of 
        such new or existing cybersecurity programs, including 
        cybersecurity partnerships with public and private entities.

    (d) <<NOTE: Time periods.>>  Reporting Requirements.--Not later 
than--
            (1) one year after the effective date of this section, as 
        provided in subsection (f), and annually thereafter until the 
        Director submits the report under paragraph (2), the Director 
        shall prepare and submit to Congress a report on the status and 
        progress of implementation of the grant program under this 
        section, including on the number and demographics of 
        institutions participating, the number and nature of students 
        served by cybersecurity programs at institutions receiving 
        grants, as well as the number of certificates or degrees awarded 
        through such cybersecurity programs, the level of funding 
        provided to grant recipients, the types of activities being 
        funded by the grants program, and plans for future 
        implementation and development; and
            (2) five years after the effective date of this section, as 
        provided in subsection (f), the Director shall prepare and 
        submit to Congress a report on the status of cybersecurity 
        education programming and capacity-building at institutions 
        receiving grants under this section, including changes in the 
        scale and scope of these programs, associated facilities, or in 
        accreditation status, and on the educational and employment 
        outcomes of students participating in cybersecurity programs 
        that have received support under this section.

    (e) Performance Metrics.--The Director shall establish performance 
metrics for grants awarded under this section.
    (f) Effective Date.--This section shall take effect 1 year after the 
date of enactment of this Act.

                     Subtitle C--General Activities

SEC. 10241. EDUCATIONAL OUTREACH AND SUPPORT FOR UNDERREPRESENTED 
                            COMMUNITIES.

    Section 18 of the National Institute of Standards and Technology Act 
(15 U.S.C. 278g-1) is amended--

[[Page 136 STAT. 1487]]

            (1) in subsection (a), in the second sentence--
                    (A) by striking ``may'' and inserting ``shall''; and
                    (B) by striking ``academia'' and inserting ``diverse 
                types of institutions of higher education, including 
                historically Black colleges and universities, Tribal 
                Colleges and Universities, and minority-serving 
                institutions, and community colleges''; and
            (2) in subsection (e)--
                    (A) in paragraph (4), by striking ``and'' at the 
                end;
                    (B) in paragraph (5), by striking the period at the 
                end and inserting ``; and''; and
                    (C) by inserting after paragraph (5) the following:
            ``(6) conduct outreach to and develop research 
        collaborations with historically Black colleges and 
        universities, Tribal Colleges or Universities, and minority 
        serving institutions, including through the recruitment of 
        students and faculty at such institutions to participate in 
        programs developed under paragraph (3);
            ``(7) conduct outreach to and develop research 
        collaborations with community colleges, including through the 
        recruitment of students and faculty at such institutions to 
        participate in programs developed under paragraph (3);
            ``(8) carry out other activities to increase the 
        participation of persons historically underrepresented in STEM 
        in the Institute's programs; and
            ``(9) conduct outreach to and develop collaborations with 
        nontraditional educational organizations, including those that 
        offer training through nonprofit associations and professional 
        associations or professional societies, to engage persons 
        historically underrepresented in STEM through programs developed 
        under this subsection.''.
SEC. 10242. OTHER TRANSACTIONS AUTHORITY.

    (a) In General.--Paragraph (4) of section 2(b) of the National 
Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 272(b)) is amended 
to read as follows:
            ``(4) <<NOTE: Contracts. Grants.>>  to enter into and 
        perform such contracts, including cooperative research and 
        development arrangements and grants and cooperative agreements 
        or other transactions, as may be necessary in the conduct of its 
        work and on such terms as it may determine appropriate, in 
        furtherance of the purposes of this Act;''.

    (b) <<NOTE: Time period. 15 USC 272 note.>>  Reporting.--Not later 
than one year after the date of the enactment of this Act and not less 
than annually thereafter, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on 
Science, Space, and Technology and the Committee on Appropriations of 
the House of Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and 
Transportation and the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate a 
report on the use of agreements, activities, and associated funding for 
transactions (other than contracts, cooperative agreements, and grants) 
described in paragraph (4) of section 2(b) of the National Institute of 
Standards and Technology Act (as amended by subsection (a)), including 
the following elements:
            (1) A description of when the other transactions authority 
        described in such amended paragraph was used and for what 
        purpose.

[[Page 136 STAT. 1488]]

            (2) A description of why such other transactions authority 
        was required.
            (3) Steps taken to ensure necessary and sufficient oversight 
        of Federal Government requirements implemented using such other 
        transactions authority.
SEC. 10243. REPORT TO CONGRESS ON COLLABORATIONS WITH GOVERNMENT 
                            AGENCIES.

    Not later than 6 months after the date of the enactment of this Act, 
the Director shall submit a report to the Committee on Science, Space, 
and Technology and the Committee on Appropriations of the House of 
Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and 
Transportation and the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate 
describing the Institute's challenges with respect to collaboration 
between the Institute and other Federal agencies. The report shall 
include, at a minimum--
            (1) <<NOTE: Assessment.>>  an assessment of the challenges 
        that arise with interagency collaboration, including transfer of 
        funds with a limited period of availability to the Institute and 
        issues with sharing personnel, associates, facilities, and 
        property with collaborating agencies; and
            (2) descriptions of projects that were disrupted due to the 
        challenges outlined in paragraph (1).
SEC. 10244. HIRING CRITICAL TECHNICAL EXPERTS.

    Section 6 of the National Institute of Standards and Technology Act 
(15 U.S.C. 275) is amended to read as follows:
``SEC. 6. <<NOTE: Appointments.>>  HIRING CRITICAL TECHNICAL 
                    EXPERTS.

    ``(a) In General.--The officers and employees of the Institute, 
except the director, shall be appointed by the Secretary at such time as 
their respective services may become necessary.
    ``(b) <<NOTE: Determination.>>  Hiring Critical Technical Experts.--
Notwithstanding section 3104 of title 5 or the provisions of any other 
law relating to the appointment, number, classification, or compensation 
of employees, the Secretary shall have the authority to make 
appointments of scientific, engineering, and professional personnel, and 
to fix the basic pay of such personnel at a rate to be determined by the 
Secretary at rates not in excess of the highest total annual 
compensation payable at the rate determined under section 104 of title 
3, United States Code. The Director shall appoint not more than 15 
personnel under this section.

    ``(c) Sunset.--The authority under section (b) shall expire on the 
date that is 5 years after the date of the enactment of this section.''.
SEC. 10245. <<NOTE: 42 USC 18951.>>  INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS 
                            DEVELOPMENT.

    (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
            (1) the principles of openness, transparency, due process, 
        balance of interests, appeals, and consensus in the development 
        of international standards are critical;
            (2) voluntary consensus standards, developed through an 
        industry-led process, serve as the cornerstone of the United 
        States standardization system and have become the basis of a 
        sound national economy and the key to global market access;
            (3) strengthening the unique United States public-private 
        partnerships approach to standards development is critical to 
        United States economic competitiveness; and

[[Page 136 STAT. 1489]]

            (4) the United States Government should ensure cooperation 
        and coordination across Federal agencies to partner with and 
        support private sector stakeholders to continue to shape 
        international dialogues in regard to standards development for 
        emerging technologies.

    (b) International Standards Engagement.--
            (1) <<NOTE: Coordination.>>  In general.--The Director shall 
        lead information exchange and coordination among Federal 
        agencies and communication from Federal agencies to the private 
        sector of the United States to ensure effective Federal 
        engagement in the development and use of international technical 
        standards.
            (2) Requirements.--To support private sector-led engagement 
        and ensure effective Federal engagement in the development and 
        use of international technical standards, the Director shall 
        consider--
                    (A) the role and needs of the Federal Government 
                with respect to international technical standards;
                    (B) organizations developing international technical 
                standards of interest to the United States, United 
                States representation and influence in these 
                organizations, and key contributors for technical and 
                leadership expertise in these organizations;
                    (C) support for persons with domain subject matter 
                expertise, especially from small businesses located in 
                the United States, to influence and engage in technical 
                standards leadership positions, working groups and 
                meetings;
                    (D) opportunities for partnerships for supporting 
                international technical standards from across the 
                Federal Government, Federally funded research and 
                development centers, university-affiliated research 
                centers, institutions of higher education, industry, 
                industry associations, nonprofit organizations, and 
                other key contributors;
                    (E) support for activities to encourage the adoption 
                of technical standards developed in the United States to 
                be adopted by international standards organizations; and
                    (F) <<NOTE: Determination.>>  other activities 
                determined by the Director to be necessary to support 
                United States participation in international standards 
                development, economic competitiveness, and national 
                security in the development and use of international 
                technical standards.

    (c) Capacity Building Guidance.--The Director shall support 
education and workforce development efforts to promote United States 
participation in international standards organizations. The Director 
shall--
            (1) identify and create, as appropriate, technical standards 
        education and training resources for interested businesses, 
        industry associations, academia, nonprofit organizations, 
        Federal agencies, and other relevant standards contributors, 
        including activities targeted at integrating standards content 
        into undergraduate and graduate curricula in science, 
        engineering, business, public policy, and law;
            (2) conduct outreach, including to private sector leaders, 
        to support engagement by more United States stakeholders in 
        international technical standards development; and
            (3) <<NOTE: Determination.>>  other activities determined 
        necessary by the Director to support increased engagement, 
        influence, and leadership

[[Page 136 STAT. 1490]]

        of United States organizations in the development of 
        international technical standards.

    (d) Capacity Building Pilot Program.--
            (1) <<NOTE: Coordination. Contracts. Time period. Grants.>>  
        In general.--The Director, in coordination with the Director of 
        the National Science Foundation, and the heads of other relevant 
        Federal agencies, as appropriate, shall establish or enter into 
        cooperative agreements with appropriate nongovernmental 
        organizations to establish a 5-year pilot program to award 
        grants, on a merit-reviewed, competitive basis, to private 
        sector entities, institutions of higher education, or nonprofit 
        institutions based in the United States to support increased 
        participation and leadership by small business and academic 
        interests in international standards organizations.
            (2) Use of funds.--Grants awarded to eligible entities under 
        this subsection may be used to cover reasonable costs, up to a 
        specified ceiling set by the Director, of activities to support 
        increased engagement and leadership of eligible entity employees 
        in international standards organizations, which may include 
        costs associated with--
                    (A) travel;
                    (B) education and training;
                    (C) dues or fees related to participation in 
                technical standards development activities; and
                    (D) <<NOTE: Determination.>>  other such costs that 
                the Director determines may reasonably support 
                participation of the eligible entity in international 
                standards organizations.
            (3) Award criteria.--The Director shall ensure that award 
        decisions made under this subsection take into account the 
        extent to which the eligible entity--
                    (A) employs full-time an individual or individuals 
                who demonstrate deep technical standards expertise;
                    (B) employs full-time an individual or individuals 
                who demonstrate knowledge with the processes of the 
                standards development organization in which the eligible 
                entity intends to engage using grant funds;
                    (C) proposes a feasible set of standard deliverables 
                to be completed over the period of the grant;
                    (D) explains how the eligible entity will fund 
                additional standards-related activities necessary to 
                achieve the deliverables referred to in subparagraph (C) 
                if the grant funds are insufficient to cover all costs 
                of such activities;
                    (E) commits personnel with appropriate expertise to 
                regularly engage in relevant international organizations 
                responsible for developing technical standards over the 
                period of the grant; and
                    (F) identifies a clearly defined current or 
                anticipated market need or gap that would be addressed 
                by their standards development proposal.
            (4) Eligibility.--A small business concern (as such term is 
        defined in section 3 of the Small Business Act (15 U.S.C. 632) 
        based in the United States, an institution of higher education, 
        or a nonprofit institution (as such term is defined in section 4 
        of the Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (15 
        U.S.C. 3703)) shall be eligible to receive grants under this 
        program.
            (5) <<NOTE: Updates. Requirements.>>  Guidance on 
        application and award process.--The Director shall develop, and 
        periodically update, guidance,

[[Page 136 STAT. 1491]]

        including eligibility, applicant disclosure requirements, grant 
        amount and duration, the merit review process, priority areas 
        for standards development, and any additional requirements for 
        how grants are awarded under this subsection.
            (6) Merit review process.--The Director shall ensure that 
        grants under this subsection are awarded based on a competitive, 
        merit review process including the use of merit review panels 
        that may include experts from both government, the private 
        sector, and, as appropriate, academic, nonprofit, or other 
        organizations as the Director determines appropriate.
            (7) Consultation.--In carrying out the pilot program 
        established under this subsection, the Director shall consult 
        with other Federal agencies, private sector organizations, 
        institutions of higher education, and nonprofit organizations to 
        help inform the pilot program, including the guidance developed 
        under paragraph (5).
            (8) Report to congress.--The Director shall brief Congress 
        after the second year of the pilot program and each year 
        following that includes the following:
                    (A) <<NOTE: Assessment.>>  An assessment of the 
                effectiveness of the pilot program for improving the 
                participation of United States small businesses, United 
                States institutions of higher education, or other 
                nonprofit research institutions in international 
                standards organizations, including--
                          (i) the type of activities supported, 
                      including leadership roles;
                          (ii) the international standards organizations 
                      participated in; and
                          (iii) the technical areas covered by the 
                      activities.
                    (B) <<NOTE: Determination. Plan.>>  If determined 
                effective, a plan for permanent implementation of the 
                pilot program.
SEC. 10246. STANDARD TECHNICAL UPDATE.

    (a) National Institute of Standards and Technology Act Updates.--The 
National Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 271) is 
amended--
            (1) by amending subsection (a) of section 17 (15 U.S.C. 
        278g) to read as follows:

    ``(a) The Secretary is authorized, notwithstanding any other 
provision of law, to expend such sums, within the limit of appropriated 
funds, as the Secretary may determine desirable through direct support 
for activities of international organizations and foreign national 
metrology institutes with which the Institute cooperates to advance 
measurement methods, technical standards, and related basic 
technologies, for official representation, to host official receptions, 
dinners, and similar events, and to otherwise extend official 
courtesies, including transportation of foreign dignitaries and 
representatives of foreign national metrology institutes to and from the 
Institute, for the purpose of maintaining the standing and prestige of 
the Department of Commerce and the Institute, through the grant of 
fellowships or other appropriate form of financial or logistical 
assistance or support to foreign nationals not in service to the 
Government of the United States while they are performing scientific or 
engineering work at the Institute or participating in the exchange of 
scientific or technical information at the Institute.''; and
            (2) in section 20 (15 U.S.C. 278g-3)--

[[Page 136 STAT. 1492]]

                    (A) in subsection (c), by amending paragraph (3) to 
                read as follows:
            ``(3) submit such standards and guidelines to the Secretary 
        of Commerce for promulgation under section 11331 of title 40;''; 
        and
                    (B) in subsection (d)--
                          (i) in paragraph (1), by striking ``Director 
                      of the Office of Management and Budget'' and 
                      inserting ``Secretary of Commerce''; and
                          (ii) in paragraph (8), by striking ``Director 
                      of Management and Budget with such standards 
                      submitted to the Director'' and inserting 
                      ``Secretary of Commerce with such standards 
                      submitted to the Secretary''.

    (b) Stevenson-Wydler Updates.--The Stevenson-Wydler Technology 
Innovation Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 3701 et seq.) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (1) of section 17(c) (15 U.S.C. 3711a(c))--
                    (A) by moving each of subparagraphs (D) and (E) two 
                ems to the left; and
                    (B) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(G) Community.''; and
            (2) in subsection (m) of section 26 (15 U.S.C. 3721)--
                    (A) by striking paragraph (2);
                    (B) by redesignating paragraph (3) as paragraph (2); 
                and
                    (C) in paragraph (2), as so redesignated, by 
                striking ``and the Comptroller General's review under 
                paragraph (2)''.

    (c) American Innovation and Competitiveness Act Update.--Section 
113 <<NOTE: Repeal.>>  of the American Innovation and Competitiveness 
Act (15 U.S.C. 278e note) is repealed.

    (d) <<NOTE: Repeal.>>  Clerical Amendment.--The item relating to 
section 113 in the table of contents in section 1(b) of the American 
Innovation and Competitiveness Act is repealed.

    (e) Federal Energy Management Improvement Act Update.--Section 4 of 
the Federal Energy Management Improvement Act of 1988 (15 U.S.C. 5001) 
is amended--
            (1) by striking ``Secretary of Commerce'' and ``Secretary'' 
        each place either such term appears and inserting ``Consumer 
        Product Safety Commission'';
            (2) by redesignating the second subsection (c) as subsection 
        (e); and
            (3) in subsection (g), by redesignating clauses (i) and (ii) 
        as paragraphs (1) and (2), respectively.

    (f) Title 40, United States Code.--Section 11331 of title 40, United 
States Code, is amended by striking subsections (a) through (d) and 
inserting the following:
    ``(a) Standards and Guidelines.--
            ``(1) Authority to prescribe.--Except as provided under 
        paragraph (2), the Secretary of Commerce shall, on the basis of 
        standards and guidelines developed by the National Institute of 
        Standards and Technology pursuant to paragraphs (2) and (3) of 
        section 20(a) of the National Institute of Standards and 
        Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278g-3(a)), prescribe standards and 
        guidelines pertaining to Federal information systems.

[[Page 136 STAT. 1493]]

            ``(2) National security systems.--Standards and guidelines 
        for national security systems shall be developed, prescribed, 
        enforced, and overseen as otherwise authorized by law and as 
        directed by the President.

    ``(b) Mandatory Requirements.--
            ``(1) <<NOTE: Determination.>>  Authority to make 
        mandatory.--Except as provided under paragraph (2), the 
        Secretary of Commerce shall make standards prescribed under 
        subsection (a)(1) compulsory and binding to the extent 
        determined necessary by the Secretary to improve the efficiency 
        of operation or security of Federal information systems.
            ``(2) Required mandatory standards.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Standards prescribed under 
                subsection (a)(1) shall include information security 
                standards that--
                          ``(i) <<NOTE: Determination.>>  provide 
                      minimum information security requirements as 
                      determined under section 20(b) of the National 
                      Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 
                      U.S.C. 278g-3(b)); and
                          ``(ii) are otherwise necessary to improve the 
                      security of Federal information and information 
                      systems.
                    ``(B) Requirement.--Information security standards 
                described in subparagraph (A) shall be compulsory and 
                binding.

    ``(c) <<NOTE: President. Determination.>>  Authority to Disapprove 
or Modify.--The President may disapprove or modify the standards and 
guidelines referred to in subsection (a)(1) if the President determines 
such action to be in the public interest. The President's authority to 
disapprove or modify such standards and guidelines may not be 
delegated. <<NOTE: Notice. Federal Register, publication.>>  Notice of 
such disapproval or modification shall be published promptly in the 
Federal Register. Upon receiving notice of such disapproval or 
modification, the Secretary of Commerce shall immediately rescind or 
modify such standards or guidelines as directed by the President.

    ``(d) <<NOTE: President. Coordination.>>  Exercise of Authority.--To 
ensure fiscal and policy consistency, the Secretary of Commerce shall 
exercise the authority conferred by this section subject to direction by 
the President and in coordination with the Director of the Office of 
Management and Budget.

    ``(e) Application of More Stringent Standards.--The head of an 
executive agency may employ standards for the cost-effective information 
security for Federal information systems within or under the supervision 
of that agency that are more stringent than the standards the Secretary 
prescribes under this section if the more stringent standards--
            ``(1) contain at least the applicable standards made 
        compulsory and binding by the Secretary of Commerce; and
            ``(2) are otherwise consistent with policies and guidelines 
        issued under section 3553 of title 44.

    ``(f) <<NOTE: Deadline.>>  Decisions on Promulgation of Standards.--
The decision by the Secretary of Commerce regarding the promulgation of 
any standard under this section shall occur not later than 6 months 
after the submission of the proposed standard to the Secretary by the 
National Institute of Standards and Technology, as provided under 
section 20 of the National Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 
U.S.C. 278g-3).

    ``(g) Definitions.--In this section:

[[Page 136 STAT. 1494]]

            ``(1) Federal information system.--The term `Federal 
        information system' means an information system used or operated 
        by an executive agency, by a contractor of an executive agency, 
        or by another organization on behalf of an executive agency.
            ``(2) Information security.--The term `information security' 
        has the meaning given that term in section 3552(b)(3) of title 
        44.
            ``(3) National security system.--The term `national security 
        system' has the meaning given that term in section 3552(b)(6) of 
        title 44.''.

    (g) Technical and Conforming Amendment.--Paragraph (2) of section 
20(a) of the National Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 
U.S.C. 278g-3(a)) is amended by striking ``section 3552(b)(5) of title 
44, United States Code'' and inserting ``section 3552(b)(6) of title 44, 
United States Code''.
    (h) National Construction Safety Team Act Updates.--Section 4 of the 
National Construction Safety Team Act (15 U.S.C. 7303) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (c), by adding at the end the following:
            ``(5) Civil suits.--Where practicable, a Team shall 
        cooperate with civil litigants without compromising a Team's 
        investigation or the evidence preservation activities as 
        described in this section.''; and
            (2) in subsection (d)--
                    (A) in the subsection heading, by striking 
                ``Interagency'' and inserting ``Investigation''; and
                    (B) in paragraph (1), by inserting ``or any civil 
                suit or civil action'' after ``Federal agency''.
SEC. 10247. GAO STUDY OF NIST RESEARCH SECURITY POLICIES AND 
                            PROTOCOLS.

    (a) <<NOTE: Deadline.>>  Evaluation.--Not later than 1 year after 
the date of enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General of the United 
States shall conduct a study of the Institute's policies and protocols 
to protect its research and combat undue foreign influence.

    (b) <<NOTE: Assessments.>>  Matters to Be Included.--The study 
conducted under subsection (a) shall include, to the extent practicable, 
the following:
            (1) <<NOTE: Analysis. Time period.>>  An analysis of steps 
        taken by the Institute to address foreign threats to Institute-
        funded research over the previous 5 years.
            (2) <<NOTE: Analysis. Coordination.>>  An analysis of the 
        coordination and engagement between the Department of Commerce's 
        Office of Inspector General, the Department of Commerce's Office 
        of Intelligence, the National Counterintelligence and Security 
        Center of the Office of the Director of National Intelligence, 
        and the Institute in identifying and addressing concerning 
        findings.
            (3) An assessment of the Institute's review process for 
        foreign national associates.
            (4) An assessment of the Institute's policies as it relates 
        to employees and associates participating in foreign talent 
        recruitment programs.
            (5) An assessment of the Institute's implementation of 
        conflict of interest and disclosure policies and requirements, 
        including the disclosure requirements authorized in section 223 
        of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 
        (Public Law 116-283).

[[Page 136 STAT. 1495]]

            (6) An assessment of the Institute's, the Department of 
        Commerce's Office of Security, the Department of Commerce's 
        Office of Intelligence, and the Department of Commerce's Office 
        of Inspector General's ability to monitor and enforce conflict 
        of interest and disclosure policies and requirements, including 
        the disclosure requirements authorized in section 223 of the 
        National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (Public 
        Law 116-283).
            (7) An assessment of the Institute's, the Department of 
        Commerce's, and the Department of Commerce's Office of Inspector 
        General's ability to conduct risk assessments of research and 
        development award applications and disclosures to the Institute.
            (8) An assessment of the Institute's research security 
        training programs for both internal and externally-supported 
        researchers and associates, including training focused on 
        international collaboration, and international travel, foreign 
        interference, and rules for proper use of funds, disclosure, 
        conflict of commitment, and conflict of interest.
            (9) <<NOTE: Analysis. Summary. Time period.>>  An analysis 
        and summary of incidents of undue foreign influence at 
        Institute-supported research facilities and programs over the 
        past 10 years.
            (10) <<NOTE: Recommenda- tions.>>  Recommendations for the 
        Institute to bolster its research security policies and 
        protocols.
            (11) Other matters the Comptroller General determines 
        appropriate.

    (c) <<NOTE: Deadline.>>  Congressional Briefing.--Not later than 180 
days after the date of enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General 
shall brief the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology and the 
Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence of the House of 
Representatives and the Committee of Commerce, Science, and 
Transportation and the Select Committee on Intelligence of the Senate on 
the findings available from the evaluation conducted under subsection 
(a).

    (d) <<NOTE: Recommenda- tions.>>  Report.--Not later than 18 months 
after the date of enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General shall 
submit to the congressional committees specified in subsection (c) a 
report on the findings and recommendations of the evaluation conducted 
under subsection (a).
SEC. 10248. <<NOTE: 42 USC 18952.>>  STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT 
                            ORGANIZATION GRANTS.

    (a) Nongovernmental Standards Development Organization Defined.--In 
this section, the term ``nongovernmental standards development 
organization'' means a nongovernmental standards development 
organization (as defined in section 2(e) of the Office of Management and 
Budget Circular A-119 (relating to Federal participation in the 
development and use of voluntary consensus standards in conformity 
assessment activities), or any successor document) that adheres to the 
American National Standards Institute (ANSI) Essential Requirements for 
Due Process for American National Standards.
    (b) Grant Authority.--The Secretary of Commerce, acting through the 
Director, shall establish a competitive program of grants for 
nongovernmental standards development organizations for the purposes 
described in subsection (c).
    (c) <<NOTE: Review.>>  Purposes.--A grant awarded under subsection 
(b) shall be used to develop, approve, disseminate, maintain, and review

[[Page 136 STAT. 1496]]

forensic science voluntary consensus standards and best practices that 
shall be available to the public free of charge.

    (d) <<NOTE: Guidelines. Procedures.>>  Additional Requirements.--The 
Director may promulgate such requirements, guidelines, and procedures as 
may be necessary to carry out this section.

    (e) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated to carry out this section $2,000,000 for each of fiscal 
years 2022 through 2026.

        Subtitle D--Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership

SEC. 10251. ESTABLISHMENT OF EXPANSION AWARDS PILOT PROGRAM AS A 
                            PART OF THE HOLLINGS MANUFACTURING 
                            EXTENSION PARTNERSHIP.

    (a) Establishment of Expansion Awards Program.--The National 
Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 271 et seq.) is 
amended by inserting after section 25A (15 U.S.C. 278k-1) the following:
``SEC. 25B. <<NOTE: 15 USC 278k-2.>>  EXPANSION AWARDS PILOT 
                        PROGRAM.

    ``(a) Definitions.--The terms used in this section have the meanings 
given the terms in section 25.
    ``(b) Establishment.--The Director shall establish, subject to the 
availability of appropriations, as a part of the Hollings Manufacturing 
Extension Partnership under sections 25 and 25A, a pilot program of 
expansion awards among participants described in subsection (c) for the 
purposes described in subsection (e).
    ``(c) Participants.--Participants receiving awards under this 
section shall be Centers, or a consortium of Centers (as such term is 
defined in section 25).
    ``(d) Award Amounts.--Subject to the availability of appropriations, 
an award for a recipient under this section shall be in an amount equal 
to the sum of the following:
            ``(1) Such amount as the Director considers appropriate as a 
        minimum base funding level for each award under this section.
            ``(2) Such additional amount as the Director considers in 
        proportion to the manufacturing density of the region of the 
        recipient.
            ``(3) Such supplemental amounts as the Director considers 
        appropriate.

    ``(e) Purpose of Awards.--An award under this section shall be made 
for one or more of the following purposes:
            ``(1) To provide worker education, training, development, 
        and entrepreneurship training and to connect individuals or 
        business with such services offered in their community, which 
        may include employee ownership and workforce training, including 
        connecting manufacturers with career and technical education 
        entities, institutions of higher education (including community 
        colleges), workforce development boards, labor organizations, 
        and nonprofit job training providers to develop and support 
        training and job placement services, including apprenticeship 
        and online learning platforms, for new and incumbent workers, 
        programming to prevent job losses when

[[Page 136 STAT. 1497]]

        adopting new technologies and processes, and development of 
        employee ownership practices.
            ``(2) To provide services to improve the resiliency of 
        domestic supply chains.
            ``(3) To mitigate vulnerabilities to cyberattacks, including 
        helping to offset the cost of cybersecurity projects for small 
        manufacturers.
            ``(4) To expand advanced technology services to United 
        States-based small- and medium-sized manufacturers, which may 
        include--
                    ``(A) developing technology demonstration 
                laboratories;
                    ``(B) training and demonstration in areas of supply 
                chain and critical technology needs, including a focus 
                on the demonstration of technologies developed by 
                companies based in the United States;
                    ``(C) services for the adoption of advanced 
                technologies, including smart manufacturing technologies 
                and practices; and
                    ``(D) establishing partnerships, for the 
                development, demonstration, and deployment of advanced 
                technologies, with--
                          ``(i) national laboratories (as defined in 
                      section 2 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 
                      U.S.C. 15801));
                          ``(ii) Federal laboratories;
                          ``(iii) Manufacturing USA institutes (as 
                      described in section 34(d)); and
                          ``(iv) institutions of higher education.
            ``(5) To build capabilities across the Hollings 
        Manufacturing Extension Partnership for domestic supply chain 
        resiliency and optimization, including--
                    ``(A) <<NOTE: Assessment.>>  assessment of domestic 
                manufacturing capabilities, expanded capacity for 
                researching and deploying information on supply chain 
                risk, hidden costs of reliance on offshore suppliers, 
                redesigning products and processes to encourage 
                reshoring, and other relevant topics; and
                    ``(B) expanded services to provide industrywide 
                support that assists United States manufacturers with 
                reshoring manufacturing to strengthen the resiliency of 
                domestic supply chains, including in critical technology 
                areas and foundational manufacturing capabilities that 
                are key to domestic manufacturing competitiveness and 
                resiliency, including forming, casting, machining, 
                joining, surface treatment, tooling, and metal or 
                chemical refining.

    ``(f) Reimbursement.--The Director may reimburse Centers for costs 
incurred by the Centers under this section.
    ``(g) <<NOTE: Requirements. Consultation.>>  Applications.--
Applications for awards under this section shall be submitted in such 
manner, at such time, and containing such information as the Director 
shall require in consultation with the Manufacturing Extension 
Partnership Advisory Board.

    ``(h) Selection.--
            ``(1) Reviewed and merit-based.--The Director shall ensure 
        that awards under this section are reviewed and merit-based.
            ``(2) Geographic diversity.--The Director shall endeavor to 
        have broad geographic diversity among selected proposals.
            ``(3) <<NOTE: Determination.>>  Criteria.--The Director 
        shall select applications consistent with the purposes 
        identified pursuant to subsection

[[Page 136 STAT. 1498]]

        (e) to receive awards that the Director determines will achieve 
        one or more of the following:
                    ``(A) Improvement of the competitiveness of 
                industries in the region in which the Center or Centers 
                are located.
                    ``(B) Creation of jobs or training of newly hired 
                employees.
                    ``(C) Promotion of the transfer and 
                commercialization of research and technology from 
                institutions of higher education, national laboratories, 
                or other federally funded research programs, and 
                nonprofit research institutes.
                    ``(D) Recruitment of a diverse manufacturing 
                workforce, including through outreach to 
                underrepresented populations, including individuals 
                identified in section 33 or section 34 of the Science 
                and Engineering Equal Opportunities Act (42 U.S.C. 
                1885a, 1885b).
                    ``(E) <<NOTE: Determination.>>  Any other result the 
                Director determines will advance the objective set forth 
                in section 25(c) or 25A.

    ``(i) Program Contribution.--Recipients of awards under this section 
shall not be required to provide a matching contribution.
    ``(j) <<NOTE: Consultation.>>  Global Marketplace Projects.--In 
making an award under this section, the Director, in consultation with 
the Manufacturing Extension Partnership Advisory Board and the 
Secretary, may take into consideration whether an application has 
significant potential for enhancing the competitiveness of small and 
medium-sized United States manufacturers in the global marketplace.

    ``(k) Duration.--The Director shall ensure that the duration of an 
award under this section is aligned and consistent with a Center's 
cooperative agreement established in section 25(e).
    ``(l) Report.--Not later than October 1, 2025, the Director shall 
submit to Congress a report that includes--
            ``(1) a summary description of what activities were funded 
        and the measurable outcomes of such activities;
            ``(2) a description of which types of activities under 
        paragraph (1) could remain as part of a permanent expansion 
        awards program;
            ``(3) a description of which types of activities under 
        paragraph (1) could be integrated into, and supported under, the 
        program under section 25;
            ``(4) a description of which types of activities under 
        paragraph (1) could be integrated into, and supported under, the 
        competitive awards program under section 25A; and
            ``(5) <<NOTE: Recommenda- tion.>>  a recommendation, 
        supported by a clear explanation, as to whether the pilot 
        program should be continued.''.

    (b) <<NOTE: 15 USC 278k note.>>  Resource Optimization.--Of amounts 
authorized for the Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership program 
under section 25 of the National Institute of Standards and Technology 
Act (15 U.S.C. 278k), the Secretary shall optimize funding across 
sections 25 and 25A of such Act, as well as the program established 
under section 25B of such Act (as added by subsection (a)), to the 
extent practicable and subject to the availability of appropriations, in 
order to maximize Center (as such term is defined in such section 25) 
participation as well as competitiveness, productivity, and 
technological performance in United States manufacturing.

[[Page 136 STAT. 1499]]

SEC. 10252. UPDATE TO HOLLINGS MANUFACTURING EXTENSION 
                            PARTNERSHIP.

    (a) Acceptance of Funds.--Subsection (l) of section 25 of the 
National Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278k) is 
amended to read as follows:
    ``(l) Acceptance of Funds.--
            ``(1) In general.--To the extent provided in advance in 
        appropriations Acts, other Federal departments and agencies may 
        transfer amounts to the Institute, and the Secretary and 
        Director may accept and make available cash donations from the 
        private sector pursuant to section 2(c)(7), to be used for 
        strengthening United States manufacturing under this section.
            ``(2) <<NOTE: Determination.>>  Competitive awards.--Funds 
        accepted from other Federal departments and agencies and from 
        the private sector under paragraph (1) shall be awarded 
        competitively by the Secretary and Director to Centers, provided 
        that the Secretary and Director may make noncompetitive awards, 
        pursuant to this section or section 25A, or as a non-competitive 
        contract, as appropriate, if the Secretary and Director 
        determine that--
                    ``(A) the manufacturing market or sector targeted is 
                limited geographically or in scope;
                    ``(B) the number of States (or territory, in the 
                case of Puerto Rico) with Centers serving manufacturers 
                of such market or sector is five or fewer; and
                    ``(C) such Center has or Centers have received a 
                positive evaluation in the most recent evaluation 
                conducted pursuant to subsection (g).''.

    (b) Supporting American Manufacturing.--Section 25 of the National 
Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278k) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)(5)--
                    (A) by striking ``or consortium thereof,''; and
                    (B) by inserting ``or a consortium thereof'' before 
                the period at the end of the sentence;
            (2) in subsection (c)(4), by inserting ``United States-
        based'' before ``industrial'';
            (3) in subsection (d)--
                    (A) in paragraph (1), by inserting ``at United 
                States-based industrial facilities, including small and 
                medium manufacturing companies'' before ``based'';
                    (B) in paragraph (2), by inserting ``United States-
                based'' before ``companies''; and
                    (C) in paragraph (3), by inserting ``United States-
                based'' before ``small'';
            (4) in subsection (f)(5)(B)(i), by inserting ``in the United 
        States'' before the semicolon at the end of the clause; and
            (5) in subsection (n)(1)(A), by inserting ``United States-
        based'' before ``small''.

    (c) Amending the MEP Competitive Awards Program.--Section 25A(c)(2) 
of the National Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 
278k-1(c)(2)) is amended by inserting ``United States'' before 
``manufacturers''.
    (d) MEP Outreach.--Section 25 of the National Institute of Standards 
and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278k) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (c)--
                    (A) in paragraph (6), by striking ``community 
                colleges and area career and technical education 
                schools'' and

[[Page 136 STAT. 1500]]

                inserting the following: ``secondary schools, community 
                colleges, and area career and technical education 
                schools, including those in underserved and rural 
                communities,''; and
                    (B) in paragraph (7)--
                          (i) by striking ``and local colleges'' and 
                      inserting ``local secondary schools and local 
                      colleges, including historically Black colleges 
                      and universities, Tribal Colleges or Universities, 
                      minority-serving institutions, community colleges, 
                      and secondary schools and colleges in underserved 
                      and rural communities,''; and
                          (ii) by inserting ``or other applied learning 
                      opportunities'' after ``apprenticeships''; and
            (2) in subsection (d)(3), by striking ``, community 
        colleges, and area career and technical education schools,'' and 
        inserting the following: ``and local high schools, community 
        colleges, and area career and technical education schools, 
        including those in underserved and rural communities,''.
SEC. 10253. <<NOTE: 42 USC 18961.>>  NATIONAL SUPPLY CHAIN 
                            DATABASE.

    (a) Establishment of National Supply Chain Database.--The Director 
shall establish a voluntary National Supply Chain Database, subject to 
the availability of appropriations.
    (b) Purpose.--The purpose of the voluntary National Supply Chain 
Database shall be to assist the Federal Government and industry sectors 
in minimizing disruptions to the United States supply chain by having an 
assessment of United States manufacturers' capabilities.
    (c) Study on National Supply Chain Database.--In establishing the 
National Supply Chain Database, the Director shall consider the findings 
and recommendations from the study authorized pursuant to section 9413 
of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (Public 
Law 116-283), including measures to secure and protect the Database from 
adversarial attacks and vulnerabilities.
    (d) Database and Manufacturing Extension Partnership.--
            (1) In general.--The Director shall establish the 
        infrastructure for the National Supply Chain Database through 
        the Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership, established 
        pursuant to section 25 of the National Institute of Standards 
        and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278k), by connecting information 
        from the Centers (as such term is defined in such section) 
        through the Database.
            (2) National view.--The Director shall ensure that 
        connections under paragraph (1)--
                    (A) provide a national overview of the networks of 
                supply chains of the United States; and
                    (B) support understanding of whether there is a need 
                for some manufacturers to retool in some critical areas 
                to meet the urgent need for key products.
            (3) Individual hollings manufacturing extension partnership 
        center databases.--
                    (A) In general.--The Director shall ensure that--
                          (i) each Center is connected to the National 
                      Supply Chain Database; and
                          (ii) each supply chain database maintained by 
                      a Center is interoperable with the Database.

[[Page 136 STAT. 1501]]

                    (B) Rule of construction.--Nothing in this section 
                may be construed to require a State or territory of the 
                United States to establish a new supply chain database 
                through the Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership 
                program.

    (e) Maintenance of National Supply Chain Database.--The Director, 
acting through the Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership program 
or a designee of the program--
            (1) shall maintain the National Supply Chain Database as an 
        integration of State-level databases from the Center of each 
        State or territory of the United States;
            (2) may populate the Database with information from past or 
        current clients of Centers; and
            (3) may include in the Database information voluntarily 
        provided by non-client private sector entities based and 
        operating in the United States, as applicable and appropriate.

    (f) Database Content.--The National Supply Chain Database may 
include the following:
            (1) Basic private sector entity information.
            (2) An overview of capabilities, accreditations, and 
        products.
            (3) Proprietary information.

    (g) Standard Classification System.--The National Supply Chain 
Database may, where applicable, use the North American Industry 
Classification System (NAICS) Codes as follows:
            (1) Sector 31-33 - Manufacturing.
            (2) Sector 54 - Professional, Scientific, and Technical 
        Services.
            (3) Sector 48-49 - Transportation and Warehousing.

    (h) Levels.--The National Supply Chain Database shall be multi-
leveled as agreed to under terms of mutual disclosure as follows:
            (1) <<NOTE: Public information.>>  Level 1 shall have the 
        capability to provide basic private sector entity information 
        and shall be available to the public.
            (2) Level 2 shall have the capability to provide a deeper, 
        nonproprietary overview into capabilities, products, and 
        accreditations and shall be available to all companies that 
        contribute to the Database.
            (3) Level 3 shall have the capability to hold proprietary 
        information.

    (i) Matters Relating to Disclosure and Access.--
            (1) FOIA exemption.--The National Supply Chain Database, and 
        any information contained therein that is not publicly released 
        by the Institute, shall be exempt from public disclosure under 
        section 552(b)(3) of title 5, United States Code.
            (2) Limitation on access to content.--Access to a 
        contributing private sector entity's nonpublic content in the 
        National Supply Chain Database shall be limited to--
                    (A) the contributing private sector entity, the 
                Institute, and staff from a Center who sign a 
                nondisclosure agreement, and
                    (B) other Federal departments and agencies,
        as the Director considers appropriate.
            (3) Aggregated information.--The Director may make 
        aggregated, de-identified information available to contributing 
        companies, Centers, or the public, as the Director considers 
        appropriate, in support of the purposes of this section.

[[Page 136 STAT. 1502]]

    (j) Coordination With National Technology and Industrial Base 
Council.--The Director, acting through the Hollings Manufacturing 
Extension Partnership program, may work with the National Defense 
Technology and Industrial Base Council established under section 4812 of 
title 10, United States Code, as the Director considers appropriate, to 
include in the National Supply Chain Database information regarding the 
defense manufacturing supply chain.
    (k) Protections.--
            (1) In general.--Supply chain information that is 
        voluntarily and lawfully submitted to the National Supply Chain 
        Database by a private sector entity and accompanied by an 
        express statement described in paragraph (2)--
                    (A) <<NOTE: Exemption.>>  shall be exempt from 
                disclosure under section 552(b)(3) of title 5, United 
                States Code;
                    (B) may not be made available pursuant to any 
                Federal, State, local, or Tribal authority pursuant to 
                any Federal, State, local, or Tribal law requiring 
                public disclosure of information or records; and
                    (C) may not, without the written consent of the 
                private sector entity submitting such information, be 
                used directly by the Director, or any other Federal, 
                State, or local authority in any civil enforcement 
                action brought by a Federal, State, Tribal, or local 
                authority.
            (2) Express statement.--The express statement described in 
        this paragraph, with respect to information or records, is--
                    (A) in the case of written information or records, a 
                written marking on the information or records 
                substantially similar to the following: ``This 
                information is voluntarily submitted to the Federal 
                Government in expectation of protection from disclosure 
                as provided by the provisions of section 10253(k) of the 
                Research and Development, Competition, and Innovation 
                Act.''; or
                    (B) in the case of oral information, a written 
                statement similar to the statement described in 
                subparagraph (A) submitted within a reasonable period 
                following the oral communication.

    (l) Rules of Construction.--
            (1) Private entities.--Nothing in this section may be 
        construed to require any private sector entity to share data, 
        including proprietary information, with the Director or the 
        National Supply Chain Database.
            (2) Prohibition on new regulatory authority.--Nothing in 
        this section may be construed to grant the Director, or the head 
        of any other Federal agency, any authority to promulgate 
        regulations or set standards on manufacturers, based on data 
        within the National Supply Chain Database, that was not in 
        effect on the day before the date of the enactment of this 
        section.
SEC. 10254. HOLLINGS MANUFACTURING EXTENSION PARTNERSHIP 
                            ACTIVITIES.

    Section 70924(b) of the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act 
(Public Law 117-58) <<NOTE: 41 USC 8301 note.>>  is amended to read as 
follows:

[[Page 136 STAT. 1503]]

    ``(b) Automatic Enrollment in GSA Advantage.--The Administrator of 
the General Services Administration and the Secretary of Commerce, 
acting through the Under Secretary of Commerce for Standards and 
Technology, shall jointly ensure that businesses that participate in the 
Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership, and so desire, are 
automatically enrolled in General Services Administration Advantage.''.
SEC. 10255. <<NOTE: Definitions.>>  AMENDMENT TO THE HOLLINGS 
                            MANUFACTURING EXTENSION PARTNERSHIP 
                            RELATING TO INSTITUTIONS OF HIGHER 
                            EDUCATION.

    Subsection (a) of section 25 of the National Institute of Standards 
and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278k) is amended--
            (1) by redesignating paragraph (6) (relating to the 
        definition of ``Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership or 
        Program'') as paragraph (7);
            (2) by inserting after paragraph (5) the following new 
        paragraph:
            ``(6) Historically black college and university.--The term 
        `historically Black college and university' has the meaning 
        given the term `part B institution' in section 322 of the Higher 
        Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1061).'';
            (3) by redesignating the second paragraph (7) (relating to 
        the definition of ``MEP Advisory Board'') as paragraph (8);
            (4) by inserting after paragraph (6) (as inserted by 
        paragraph (2), relating to the definition of ``historically 
        Black college and university'') the following new paragraph:
            ``(7) Institution of higher education.--The term 
        `institution of higher education' has the meaning given such 
        term in section 101 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 
        U.S.C. 1001).''; and
            (5) by adding at the end the following new paragraphs:
            ``(9) Minority-serving institution.--The term `minority-
        serving institution' means a Hispanic-serving institution as 
        defined in section 502(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 
        (20 U.S.C. 1101a(a)); an Alaska Native-serving institution or 
        Native Hawaiian-serving institution as defined in section 317(b) 
        of such Act (20 U.S.C. 1059d(b)); or a Predominantly Black 
        institution, Asian American and Native American Pacific 
        Islander-serving institution, or Native American-serving 
        nontribal institution as defined in section 371(c) of such Act 
        (20 U.S.C. 1067q(c)).
            ``(10) Secondary school.--The term `secondary school' has 
        the meaning given such term in section 8101 of the Elementary 
        and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 7801).
            ``(11) Tribal college or university.--The term `Tribal 
        College or University' has the meaning given the term `Tribal 
        College or University' in section 316 of the Higher Education 
        Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1059c).''.

                  Subtitle E--Manufacturing USA Program

SEC. 10261. SUPPORTING GEOGRAPHIC DIVERSITY.

    Section 34(e) of the National Institute of Standards and Technology 
Act (15 U.S.C. 278s(e)) is amended by adding at the end the following:

[[Page 136 STAT. 1504]]

            ``(8) Diversity preferences.--In awarding financial 
        assistance under paragraph (1) for planning or establishing a 
        Manufacturing USA institute, an agency head shall give special 
        consideration to Manufacturing USA institutes that--
                    ``(A) contribute to the geographic diversity of the 
                Manufacturing USA Program;
                    ``(B) are located in an area with a low per capita 
                income;
                    ``(C) are located in an area with a high proportion 
                of socially disadvantaged residents; or
                    ``(D) are located in small and rural communities.''.
SEC. 10262. <<NOTE: 42 USC 18971.>>  EXPANDING OPPORTUNITIES 
                            THROUGH THE MANUFACTURING USA PROGRAM.

    (a) In General. <<NOTE: Consultation. Coordination.>> --The 
Secretary of Commerce, in consultation with the Secretary of Energy, the 
Secretary of Defense, and the heads of such other Federal agencies as 
the Secretary of Commerce considers relevant, shall coordinate with 
existing and new Manufacturing USA institutes to integrate covered 
entities as active members of the Manufacturing USA institutes, 
including through the development of preferences in selection criteria 
for proposals to create new Manufacturing USA institutes or renew 
existing Manufacturing USA institutes that include one or more covered 
entities.

    (b) Covered Entities.--For purposes of this subsection, a covered 
entity is--
            (1) an historically Black college and university;
            (2) a Tribal College or University;
            (3) a minority-serving institution;
            (4) a minority business enterprise (as such term is defined 
        in section 1400.2 of title 15, Code of Federal Regulations, or 
        successor regulation); or
            (5) a rural-serving institution of higher education (as such 
        term is defined in section 861 of the Higher Education Act of 
        1965 (20 U.S.C. 1161q)).
SEC. 10263. <<NOTE: 42 USC 18972.>>  PROMOTING DOMESTIC PRODUCTION 
                            OF TECHNOLOGIES DEVELOPED UNDER 
                            MANUFACTURING USA PROGRAM.

    (a) Department of Commerce Policies to Promote Domestic Production 
of Technologies Developed Under Manufacturing USA Network.--
            (1) Policies.--
                    (A) <<NOTE: Consultation.>>  In general.--Each 
                agency head (as such term is defined in section 34(a) of 
                the National Institute of Standards and Technology Act 
                (15 U.S.C. 278s(a))) and the Secretary of Defense shall, 
                in consultation with the Secretary of Commerce, 
                establish policies to promote the domestic production of 
                technologies developed by the Manufacturing USA Network.
                    (B) Elements.--The policies established under 
                subparagraph (A) shall include the following:
                          (i) Measures to partner domestic developers of 
                      goods, services, or technologies by Manufacturing 
                      USA Network activities with domestic manufacturers 
                      and sources of financing.
                          (ii) Measures to develop and provide 
                      incentives to promote transfer of intellectual 
                      property and goods, services, or technologies 
                      developed by Manufacturing USA Network activities 
                      to domestic manufacturers.

[[Page 136 STAT. 1505]]

                          (iii) Measures to assist with supplier 
                      scouting and other supply chain development, 
                      including the use of the Hollings Manufacturing 
                      Extension Partnership under section 25 of the 
                      National Institute of Standards and Technology Act 
                      (15 U.S.C. 278k) to carry out such measures.
                          (iv) A process to review and approve or deny 
                      membership in a Manufacturing USA institute by 
                      foreign-owned entities, especially from countries 
                      of concern, including the People's Republic of 
                      China.
                          (v) Measures to prioritize Federal procurement 
                      of goods, services, or technologies developed by 
                      the Manufacturing USA Network activities from 
                      domestic sources, as appropriate.
                    (C) Processes for waivers.--The policies established 
                under this paragraph shall include processes to permit 
                waivers, on a case by case basis, for policies that 
                promote domestic production based on cost, availability, 
                severity of technical and mission requirements, 
                emergency requirements, operational needs, other legal 
                or international treaty obligations, or other factors 
                determined important to the success of the Manufacturing 
                USA Program.
            (2) Prohibition.--
                    (A) In general.--A company of the People's Republic 
                of China may not participate in the Manufacturing USA 
                Program without a waiver, as described in paragraph 
                (1)(C).
                    (B) Company defined.--In this paragraph, the term 
                ``company'' has the meaning given such term in section 
                847(a) of the National Defense Authorization Act for 
                Fiscal Year 2020 (Public Law 116-92; 10 U.S.C. 4819 
                note).

    (b) Coordination of Manufacturing USA Institutes.--Subsection (h) of 
section 34 of the National Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 
U.S.C. 278s) is amended by adding at the end the following:
            ``(7) Council for coordination of institutes.--
                    ``(A) Council. <<NOTE: Establishment.>> --The 
                National Program Office shall establish or designate a 
                council of heads of any Manufacturing USA institute 
                receiving Federal funding at any time to foster 
                collaboration between Manufacturing USA institutes.
                    ``(B) Meetings.--The council established or 
                designated pursuant to subparagraph (A) shall meet not 
                less frequently than twice each year.
                    ``(C) Duties of the council.--The council 
                established pursuant to subparagraph (A) shall assist 
                the National Program Office in carrying out the 
                functions of the National Program Office under paragraph 
                (2).''.

    (c) Requirement for National Program Office to Develop Strategies 
for Retaining Domestic Public Benefit After Cessation of Federal 
Funding.--Subparagraph (C) of section 34(h)(2) of the National Institute 
of Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278s(h)(2)) is amended by 
inserting ``, including a strategy for retaining domestic public 
benefits from Manufacturing USA institutes once Federal funding has been 
discontinued'' after ``Program''.

[[Page 136 STAT. 1506]]

    (d) Modification of Functions of National Program Office to Include 
Development of Industry Credentials.--Subparagraph (J) of section 
34(h)(2) of the National Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 
U.S.C. 278s(h)(2)) is amended by inserting ``, including the development 
of industry credentials'' after ``activities''.
    (e) Advice From the United States Manufacturing Council.--The 
Secretary shall seek advice from the United States Manufacturing Council 
of the International Trade Administration of the Department of Commerce 
on matters concerning investment in and support of the manufacturing 
workforce within the Manufacturing USA Program.

          TITLE III--NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION FOR THE FUTURE

                     Subtitle A--Preliminary Matters

SEC. 10301. SENSE OF CONGRESS.

    It is the sense of Congress that--
            (1) the National Science Foundation, the Department of 
        Energy and its National Laboratories, and other key Federal 
        agencies have carried out vital work supporting basic and 
        applied research to create knowledge that is a key driver of the 
        economy of the United States and a critical component of 
        national security;
            (2) openness to diverse perspectives and a focus on freedom 
        from censorship and political bias will continue to make 
        educational and research institutions in the United States 
        beacons to thousands of students from across the world;
            (3) increasing research and technology transfer investments, 
        building regional capacity and reducing geographic disparity, 
        strengthening supply chains, and increasing capabilities in key 
        technology focus areas will enhance the competitive advantage 
        and leadership of the United States in the global economy;
            (4) the Federal Government must utilize the full talent and 
        potential of the entire Nation by avoiding undue geographic 
        concentration of research and STEM education funding, 
        encouraging broader participation of populations 
        underrepresented in STEM, and collaborating with nongovernment 
        partners to ensure the leadership of the United States in 
        technological innovation; and
            (5) authorization and funding for investments in research, 
        education, technology transfer, intellectual property, 
        manufacturing, and other core strengths of the United States 
        innovation ecosystem, including at the National Science 
        Foundation and the Department of Energy, should be done on a 
        bipartisan basis.
SEC. 10302. <<NOTE: 42 USC 18981.>>  DEFINITIONS.

    In this title:
            (1) Board.--The term ``Board'' means the National Science 
        Board.

[[Page 136 STAT. 1507]]

            (2) Director.--The term ``Director'' means the Director of 
        the National Science Foundation.
            (3) NSF includes.--The term ``NSF INCLUDES'' means the 
        initiative carried out under section 10323.
            (4) STEM ecosystem.--The term ``STEM ecosystem'' means a 
        local, regional, or statewide network, consortium, or multi-
        sector partnership, which may be led or co-led by a nonprofit 
        organizational entity, that is operating in the United States 
        with the goal of supporting participation in STEM study, 
        activities, and career pathways as defined in the CoSTEM Annual 
        Progress Report of 2020 with a broad range of non-Federal 
        partners.
SEC. 10303. <<NOTE: Time periods.>>  AUTHORIZATION OF 
                            APPROPRIATIONS.

    (a) Fiscal Year 2023.--
            (1) In general.--There are authorized to be appropriated to 
        the Foundation $11,897,480,000 for fiscal year 2023.
            (2) Specific allocations.--Of the amount authorized under 
        paragraph (1)--
                    (A) $9,050,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated 
                to carry out research and related activities, of which--
                          (i) $55,000,000 is authorized to be 
                      appropriated for the Mid-Scale Research 
                      Infrastructure Program; and
                          (ii) $1,500,000,000 is authorized to be 
                      appropriated for the Directorate for Technology, 
                      Innovation, and Partnerships;
                    (B) $1,950,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated 
                for STEM education, of which--
                          (i) $73,700,000 is authorized to be 
                      appropriated for the Robert Noyce Teacher 
                      Scholarship Program;
                          (ii) $59,500,000 is authorized to be 
                      appropriated for the NSF Research Traineeship 
                      Program;
                          (iii) $416,300,000 is authorized to be 
                      appropriated for the Graduate Research Fellowship 
                      Program;
                          (iv) $70,000,000 is authorized to be 
                      appropriated for the Cybercorps Scholarship for 
                      Service Program; and
                          (v) $350,000,000 is authorized to be 
                      appropriated for fellowships, traineeships, and 
                      scholarships described in section 10393;
                    (C) $249,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated 
                for major research equipment and facilities 
                construction, of which $76,250,000 is authorized to be 
                appropriated for the Mid-Scale Research Infrastructure 
                Program;
                    (D) $620,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated 
                for agency operations and award management;
                    (E) $5,090,000 is authorized to be appropriated for 
                the Office of the National Science Board; and
                    (F) $23,390,000 is authorized to be appropriated for 
                the Office of the Inspector General.

    (b) Fiscal Year 2024.--
            (1) In general.--There are authorized to be appropriated to 
        the Foundation $15,646,930,000 for fiscal year 2024.
            (2) Specific allocations.--Of the amount authorized under 
        paragraph (1)--

[[Page 136 STAT. 1508]]

                    (A) $12,050,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated 
                to carry out research and related activities, of which--
                          (i) $60,000,000 is authorized to be 
                      appropriated for the Mid-Scale Research 
                      Infrastructure Program; and
                          (ii) $3,350,000,000 is authorized to be 
                      appropriated for the Directorate for Technology, 
                      Innovation, and Partnerships;
                    (B) $2,500,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated 
                for STEM education, of which--
                          (i) $80,400,000 is authorized to be 
                      appropriated for the Robert Noyce Teacher 
                      Scholarship Program;
                          (ii) $64,910,000 is authorized to be 
                      appropriated for the NSF Research Traineeship 
                      Program;
                          (iii) $454,140,000 is authorized to be 
                      appropriated for the Graduate Research Fellowship 
                      Program;
                          (iv) $72,000,000 is authorized to be 
                      appropriated for the Cybercorps Scholarship for 
                      Service Program; and
                          (v) $800,000,000 is authorized to be 
                      appropriated for fellowships, traineeships, and 
                      scholarships described in section 10393;
                    (C) $355,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated 
                for major research equipment and facilities 
                construction, of which $80,000,000 is authorized to be 
                appropriated for the Mid-Scale Research Infrastructure 
                Program;
                    (D) $710,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated 
                for agency operations and award management;
                    (E) $5,320,000 is authorized to be appropriated for 
                the Office of the National Science Board; and
                    (F) $26,610,000 is authorized to be appropriated for 
                the Office of the Inspector General.

    (c) Fiscal Year 2025.--
            (1) In general.--There are authorized to be appropriated to 
        the Foundation $16,706,670,000 for fiscal year 2025.
            (2) Specific allocations.--Of the amount authorized under 
        paragraph (1)--
                    (A) $12,850,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated 
                to carry out research and related activities, of which--
                          (i) $70,000,000 is authorized to be 
                      appropriated for the Mid-Scale Research 
                      Infrastructure Program; and
                          (ii) $3,550,000,000 is authorized to be 
                      appropriated for the Directorate for Technology, 
                      Innovation, and Partnerships;
                    (B) $2,700,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated 
                for STEM education, of which--
                          (i) $87,100,000 is authorized to be 
                      appropriated for the Robert Noyce Teacher 
                      Scholarship Program;
                          (ii) $70,320,000 is authorized to be 
                      appropriated for the NSF Research Traineeship 
                      Program;
                          (iii) $491,990,000 is authorized to be 
                      appropriated for the Graduate Research Fellowship 
                      Program;
                          (iv) $78,000,000 is authorized to be 
                      appropriated for the Cybercorps Scholarship for 
                      Service Program; and

[[Page 136 STAT. 1509]]

                          (v) $900,000,000 is authorized to be 
                      appropriated for fellowships, traineeships, and 
                      scholarships described in section 10393;
                    (C) $370,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated 
                for major research equipment and facilities 
                construction, of which $85,000,000 is authorized to be 
                appropriated for the Mid-Scale Research Infrastructure 
                Program;
                    (D) $750,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated 
                for agency operations and award management;
                    (E) $5,560,000 is authorized to be appropriated for 
                the Office of the National Science Board; and
                    (F) $31,110,000 is authorized to be appropriated for 
                the Office of the Inspector General.

    (d) Fiscal Year 2026.--
            (1) In general.--There are authorized to be appropriated to 
        the Foundation $17,832,420,000 for fiscal year 2026.
            (2) Specific allocations.--Of the amount authorized under 
        paragraph (1)--
                    (A) $13,800,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated 
                to carry out research and related activities, of which--
                          (i) $75,000,000 is authorized to be 
                      appropriated for the Mid-Scale Research 
                      Infrastructure Program; and
                          (ii) $3,800,000,000 is authorized to be 
                      appropriated for the Directorate for Technology, 
                      Innovation, and Partnerships;
                    (B) $2,850,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated 
                for STEM education, of which--
                          (i) $93,800,000 is authorized to be 
                      appropriated for the Robert Noyce Teacher 
                      Scholarship Program;
                          (ii) $75,730,000 is authorized to be 
                      appropriated for the NSF Research Traineeship 
                      Program;
                          (iii) $529,830,000 is authorized to be 
                      appropriated for the Graduate Research Fellowship 
                      Program;
                          (iv) $84,000,000 is authorized to be 
                      appropriated for the Cybercorps Scholarship for 
                      Service Program; and
                          (v) $950,000,000 is authorized to be 
                      appropriated for fellowships, traineeships, and 
                      scholarships described in section 10393;
                    (C) $372,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated 
                for major research equipment and facilities 
                construction, of which $90,000,000 is authorized to be 
                appropriated for the Mid-Scale Research Infrastructure 
                Program;
                    (D) $770,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated 
                for agency operations and award management;
                    (E) $5,810,000 is authorized to be appropriated for 
                the Office of the National Science Board; and
                    (F) $34,610,000 is authorized to be appropriated for 
                the Office of the Inspector General.

    (e) Fiscal Year 2027.--
            (1) In general.--There are authorized to be appropriated to 
        the Foundation $18,919,180,000 for fiscal year 2027.
            (2) Specific allocations.--Of the amount authorized under 
        paragraph (1)--
                    (A) $14,700,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated 
                to carry out research and related activities, of which--

[[Page 136 STAT. 1510]]

                          (i) $80,000,000 is authorized to be 
                      appropriated for the Mid-Scale Research 
                      Infrastructure Program; and
                          (ii) $4,100,000,000 is authorized to be 
                      appropriated for the Directorate for Technology, 
                      Innovation, and Partnerships;
                    (B) $3,000,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated 
                for STEM education, of which--
                          (i) $100,500,000 is authorized to be 
                      appropriated for the Robert Noyce Teacher 
                      Scholarship Program;
                          (ii) $81,140,000 is authorized to be 
                      appropriated for the NSF Research Traineeship 
                      Program;
                          (iii) $567,680,000 is authorized to be 
                      appropriated for the Graduate Research Fellowship 
                      Program;
                          (iv) $90,000,000 is authorized to be 
                      appropriated for the Cybercorps Scholarship for 
                      Service Program; and
                          (v) $1,000,000,000 is authorized to be 
                      appropriated for fellowships, traineeships, and 
                      scholarships described in section 10393;
                    (C) $375,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated 
                for major research equipment and facilities 
                construction, of which $100,000,000 is authorized to be 
                appropriated for the Mid-Scale Research Infrastructure 
                Program;
                    (D) $800,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated 
                for agency operations and award management;
                    (E) $6,070,000 is authorized to be appropriated for 
                the Office of the National Science Board; and
                    (F) $38,110,000 is authorized to be appropriated for 
                the Office of the Inspector General.

                       Subtitle B--STEM Education

SEC. 10311. <<NOTE: 42 USC 18991.>>  PREK-12 STEM EDUCATION.

    (a) National Academies Study. <<NOTE: Deadline. Contracts.>> --Not 
later than 120 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the 
Director shall enter into an agreement with the National Academies to 
conduct a study to--
            (1) <<NOTE: Review.>>  review the research literature and 
        identify research gaps regarding the interconnected factors that 
        foster and hinder successful implementation of promising, 
        evidence-based PreK-12 STEM education innovations at the local, 
        regional, and national level;
            (2) present a compendium of promising, evidence-based PreK-
        12 STEM education practices, models, programs, and technologies;
            (3) identify barriers to widespread and sustained 
        implementation of such innovations; and
            (4) make <<NOTE: Recommenda- tions.>>  recommendations to 
        the Foundation, the Department of Education, the National 
        Science and Technology Council's Committee on Science, 
        Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics Education, State and 
        local educational agencies, and other relevant stakeholders on 
        measures to address such barriers.

[[Page 136 STAT. 1511]]

    (b) Supporting PreK-12 Informal STEM Opportunities.--Section 3 of 
the STEM Education Act of 2015 (42 U.S.C. 1862q) is amended by adding at 
the end the following:
    ``(c) PreK-12 Informal STEM.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Director of the National Science 
        Foundation shall make awards, through existing programs where 
        appropriate to institutions of higher education and nonprofit 
        organizations (or consortia of such intuitions or organizations) 
        on a merit-reviewed, competitive basis for research on effective 
        approaches to engaging students in PreK-12, including students 
        from groups historically underrepresented in STEM and rural 
        students.
            ``(2) Purposes.--The purposes of this subsection are to--
                    ``(A) provide effective, compelling, and engaging 
                means for teaching and reinforcing fundamental STEM 
                concepts to PreK-12 students;
                    ``(B) expand the STEM workforce pipeline by 
                increasing the number of youth in the United States 
                exposed to STEM from an early age and encourage them to 
                pursue careers in STEM-related fields; and
                    ``(C) broaden participation of groups historically 
                underrepresented in STEM and rural students, in the STEM 
                workforce.
            ``(3) Use of funds.--
                    ``(A) <<NOTE: Research and development.>>  In 
                general.--Awards made under this subsection shall 
                support research and development on innovative before-
                school, after-school, out-of-school, or summer 
                activities that are designed to encourage interest, 
                engagement, and skills development in STEM, including 
                for students from groups historically underrepresented 
                in STEM and rural students.
                    ``(B) Permitted activities.--The research and 
                development activities described in subparagraph (A) may 
                include--
                          ``(i) the provision of programming described 
                      in such subparagraph for the purpose of research 
                      described in such subparagraph;
                          ``(ii) the use of a variety of engagement 
                      methods, including cooperative and hands-on 
                      learning;
                          ``(iii) exposure of students to role models in 
                      the fields of STEM and near-peer mentors;
                          ``(iv) training of informal learning 
                      educators, youth-serving professionals, and 
                      volunteers who lead informal STEM programs in 
                      using evidence-based methods consistent with the 
                      target student population being served;
                          ``(v) education of students on the relevance 
                      and significance of STEM careers, provision of 
                      academic advice and assistance, and activities 
                      designed to help students make real-world 
                      connections to STEM content;
                          ``(vi) the preparation of students to attend 
                      events, competitions, and academic programs that 
                      provide content expertise and encourage career 
                      exposure in STEM, which may include the purchase 
                      of parts and supplies needed to prepare for 
                      participation in such competitions;

[[Page 136 STAT. 1512]]

                          ``(vii) activities designed to engage parents 
                      and families of students in PreK-12 in STEM;
                          ``(viii) innovative strategies to engage 
                      students, such as using leadership skills and 
                      outcome measures to impart youth with the 
                      confidence to pursue STEM coursework and academic 
                      study;
                          ``(ix) coordination with STEM-rich 
                      environments, including other nonprofit, 
                      nongovernmental organizations, out-of- classroom 
                      settings, institutions of higher education, 
                      vocational facilities, corporations, museums, or 
                      science centers; and
                          ``(x) the acquisition of instructional 
                      materials or technology-based tools to conduct 
                      applicable award activity.
            ``(4) Application.--An applicant seeking funding under this 
        subsection shall submit an application at such time, in such 
        manner, and containing such information as may be required by 
        the Director. Applications that include or partner with a 
        nonprofit, nongovernmental organization that has extensive 
        experience and expertise in increasing the participation of 
        students in PreK-12 in STEM are encouraged. At a minimum, the 
        application shall include the following:
                    ``(A) A description of the target audience to be 
                served by the research activity or activities for which 
                such funding is sought.
                    ``(B) A description of the process for recruitment 
                and selection of students to participate in such 
                activities.
                    ``(C) A description of how such activity or 
                activities may inform programming that engages students 
                in PreK-12 in STEM.
                    ``(D) A description of how such activity or 
                activities may inform programming that promotes student 
                academic achievement in STEM.
                    ``(E) <<NOTE: Evaluation plan.>>  An evaluation plan 
                that includes, at a minimum, the use of outcome-oriented 
                measures to determine the impact and efficacy of 
                programming being researched.
            ``(5) Evaluations.--Each recipient of an award under this 
        subsection shall provide, at the conclusion of every year during 
        which the award funds are received, a report in a form 
        prescribed by the Director.
            ``(6) Encourage applications.--In making awards under this 
        subsection, the Director shall encourage applications which, for 
        the purpose of the activity or activities funded through the 
        award, are from or include eligible nonprofit programs serving 
        students that attend elementary schools or secondary schools 
        (including high schools) that--
                    ``(A) are implementing comprehensive support and 
                improvement activities or targeted support and 
                improvement activities under paragraph (1) or (2) of 
                section 1111(d) of the Elementary and Secondary 
                Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 6311(d)); or
                    ``(B) serve high percentages of students who are 
                eligible for a free or reduced-price lunch under the 
                Richard B. Russell National School Lunch Act (42 U.S.C. 
                1751 et seq.) (which, in the case of a high school, may 
                be calculated using comparable data from the schools 
                that feed into the high school).

[[Page 136 STAT. 1513]]

            ``(7) Accountability and dissemination.--
                    ``(A) Evaluation required.--The Director shall 
                evaluate the activities established under this 
                subsection. Such evaluation shall--
                          ``(i) use a common set of benchmarks and tools 
                      to assess the results of research conducted under 
                      such awards; and
                          ``(ii) to the extent practicable, integrate 
                      the findings of the research resulting from the 
                      activity or activities funded through the award 
                      with the current research on serving students with 
                      respect to the pursuit of degrees or careers in 
                      STEM, including underrepresented and rural 
                      students, in PreK-12.
                    ``(B) <<NOTE: Public information.>>  Report on 
                evaluations.--Not later than 180 days after the 
                completion of the evaluation under subparagraph (A), the 
                Director shall submit to Congress and make widely 
                available to the public a report that includes--
                          ``(i) the results of the evaluation; and
                          ``(ii) <<NOTE: Recommenda- tions.>>  any 
                      recommendations for administrative and legislative 
                      action that could optimize the effectiveness of 
                      the program under this subsection.
            ``(8) Coordination.--In carrying out this subsection, the 
        Director shall, for purposes of enhancing program effectiveness 
        and avoiding duplication of activities, consult, and coordinate 
        with other relevant Federal agencies.''.

    (c) [Log 907 S2522] National STEM Teacher Corps Pilot.--
            (1) Purpose.--It is the purpose of this subsection to 
        elevate the profession of STEM teaching by establishing a 
        National STEM Teacher Corps pilot program to recognize 
        outstanding STEM teachers in our Nation's classrooms, rewards 
        them for their accomplishments, elevates their public profile, 
        and creates rewarding career paths to which all STEM teachers 
        can aspire, both to prepare future STEM researchers and to 
        create a scientifically literate public.
            (2) Definitions.--In this subsection:
                    (A) Administrator.--The term ``Administrator'' means 
                the Administrator of the National STEM Teacher Corps.
                    (B) Eligible entity.--The term ``eligible entity'' 
                means--
                          (i) an institution of higher education; or
                          (ii) a consortium consisting of an institution 
                      of higher education and one or more of the 
                      following:
                                    (I) A State educational agency (as 
                                defined in section 8101 of the 
                                Elementary and Secondary Education Act 
                                of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 7801)).
                                    (II) A local educational agency (as 
                                defined in section 8101 of the 
                                Elementary and Secondary Education Act 
                                of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 7801)).
                                    (III) An education nonprofit 
                                Association.
                                    (IV) A cross sector STEM 
                                organization.
                                    (V) A private entity, including a 
                                STEM-related business.
                    (C) High-need school.--The term ``high-need school'' 
                has the meaning given the term in section 2211(b) of the 
                Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 
                U.S.C. 6631(b)).

[[Page 136 STAT. 1514]]

                    (D) Professional development.--The term 
                ``professional Development'' has the meaning given the 
                term in section 8101 of the Elementary and Secondary 
                Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 7801).
                    (E) Corps alliance.--The term ``Corps Alliance'' 
                means a regionally or topically based award under this 
                subsection.
                    (F) National stem teacher corps advisory board.--The 
                term ``National STEM Teacher Corps Advisory Board'' 
                means the Advisory Board for the National STEM Teacher 
                Corps established under paragraph (5).
            (3) <<NOTE: Time period. Appointment.>>  Establishment of 
        national stem teacher corps.--The Director may, subject to the 
        availability of appropriations, establish within the Foundation, 
        a National STEM Teacher Corps 10-year pilot program to be 
        administered by the Administrator, who shall be appointed by the 
        Director. As appropriate, the Director may use existing NSF 
        programs to establish and execute this program.
            (4) Duties of the administrator.--The Administrator shall--
                    (A) create a process and standards for selection of 
                eligible applicants to become members of the National 
                STEM Teacher Corps, including--
                          (i) uniform selection criteria that includes--
                                    (I) deep knowledge of STEM content 
                                and pedagogy;
                                    (II) a passion for STEM subjects and 
                                dedication to teaching, evidence of 
                                leadership skills, and potential for 
                                continued career growth as an educator; 
                                and
                                    (III) demonstrated experience 
                                increasing STEM student achievement and 
                                STEM participation rates for all 
                                students, particularly those from rural 
                                and high-need schools; and
                          (ii) a uniform selection process, including a 
                      comprehensive application that includes 
                      recommendations and other relevant professional 
                      information;
                    (B) promote the National STEM Teacher Corps and 
                elevate best practices that emerge from the National 
                STEM Teacher Corps to a national audience;
                    (C) evaluate the operation and effectiveness of the 
                Corps alliances; and
                    (D) evaluate the overall and long-term impact of the 
                National STEM Teacher Corps by--
                          (i) documenting, monitoring, and assessing the 
                      program outcomes or impact on the STEM careers of 
                      participants; and
                          (ii) documenting, monitoring, and assessing 
                      the program outcomes for the STEM education 
                      profession nationwide, particularly for rural and 
                      high-need schools.
            (5) National stem teacher corps advisory board.--
                    (A) Establishment.--There is established a National 
                STEM Teacher Corps Advisory Board to advise the Director 
                on matters pertaining to the National STEM Teacher Corps 
                for the length of the pilot program.
                    (B) Composition.--

[[Page 136 STAT. 1515]]

                          (i) In general.--The membership of the 
                      National STEM Teacher Corps Advisory Board shall--
                                    (I) <<NOTE: Appointment.>>  be 
                                appointed by the Director;
                                    (II) include a representative from 
                                each of the following: School leaders, 
                                STEM researchers, STEM education 
                                researchers, Business leaders, PreK-12 
                                STEM educators, and Students pursuing a 
                                postsecondary STEM degree; and
                                    (III) be geographically diverse.
                          (ii) Existing committee.--The Director may 
                      assign the duties of the National STEM Teacher 
                      Corps Advisory Board to another advisory committee 
                      of the Foundation.
            (6) Duties of the corps alliances.--Subject to the 
        availability of appropriated funds, the Administrator may make 
        awards on a competitive, merit-review basis, to establish Corps 
        alliances at eligible entities. Activities carried out by such 
        alliances shall include--
                    (A) engaging local partners, which may include local 
                educational agencies, institutions of higher education, 
                STEM organizations, or education nonprofit 
                organizations, to--
                          (i) develop and serve the community of 
                      National STEM Teacher Corps members within the 
                      region or topic area, in coordination with local 
                      partners to carry out day-to-day activities;
                          (ii) coordinate professional development 
                      activities, including activities led by National 
                      STEM Teacher Corps members;
                          (iii) connect National STEM Teacher Corps 
                      members with existing educator professional 
                      development programs and coordinate members' 
                      involvement as cooperating teachers or mentors;
                          (iv) seek opportunities to involve teachers 
                      who are not members of the National STEM Teacher 
                      Corps to participate in National STEM Teacher 
                      Corps activities; and
                          (v) build partnerships with existing education 
                      organizations and other efforts by State 
                      educational agencies and local educational 
                      agencies that operate programs relevant to the 
                      National STEM Teacher Corps and its activities;
                    (B) recruiting eligible applicants, with a focus on 
                recruiting diverse STEM educators to advance equity 
                based on race, ethnicity, sex, socioeconomic status, 
                age, disability status, geography, and language ability;
                    (C) screening, interviewing, and selecting members 
                of the National STEM Teacher Corps using procedures and 
                standards provided by the Administrator;
                    (D) coordinating the online network that supports 
                all National STEM Teacher Corps members in the region or 
                topic area;
                    (E) convening occasional meetings of National STEM 
                Teacher Corps members in a region or topic area;
                    (F) creating opportunities for the professional 
                growth of National STEM Teacher Corps members, with a 
                focus on increasing STEM student achievement and STEM

[[Page 136 STAT. 1516]]

                participation rates for all students, particularly those 
                from rural and high-need schools; and
                    (G) supporting the retention and success of National 
                STEM Teacher Corps members in the region or topic area.
            (7) Duties of members of the national stem teacher corps.--
        An applicant that is selected by a Corps alliance to be a member 
        of the National STEM Teacher Corps shall--
                    (A) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  serve a 4-year term with 
                a possibility of reappointment;
                    (B) receive an annual stipend in an amount not less 
                than $10,000; and
                    (C) have substantial responsibilities, including--
                          (i) working with other members of the National 
                      STEM Teacher Corps to develop and improve 
                      innovative teaching practices, including practices 
                      such as inquiry-based learning;
                          (ii) participating in professional development 
                      in innovative teaching methodology and mentorship; 
                      and
                          (iii) continuing to excel in teaching the 
                      member's own students, with a focus on advancing 
                      equity by spending additional time teaching and 
                      coaching underserved students to increase STEM 
                      student achievement and STEM participation rates 
                      for students from rural and high-need schools.
            (8) <<NOTE: Reports.>>  Evaluation.--The Director, acting 
        through the Administrator, shall submit a report to Congress 
        after the third year of the pilot program that includes--
                    (A) <<NOTE: Assessment.>>  an assessment, drawing on 
                the evaluations the Administrator shall conduct under 
                subparagraphs (C) and (D) of paragraph (4), and other 
                sources of information, of the effectiveness of the 
                pilot program in recruiting and retaining high-quality 
                STEM teachers in the selected regions or topic areas, 
                particularly in high-need and rural schools; and
                    (B) <<NOTE: Proposal.>>  if deemed effective, a 
                proposal to Congress for permanent implementation of the 
                pilot program.
            (9) Sunset.--The authority to carry out this subsection 
        shall terminate on the date that is 15 years after the date of 
        enactment of this Act.
            (10) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  Authorization of 
        appropriations.--There are authorized to be appropriated 
        $60,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2023 through 2032 to carry 
        out this subsection.
SEC. 10312. <<NOTE: 42 USC 18992.>>  UNDERGRADUATE STEM EDUCATION.

    (a) Research on Stem Education and Workforce Needs.--The Director 
shall make awards, on a competitive basis, to four-year institutions of 
higher education or nonprofit organizations (or consortia of such 
institutions or organizations) to support research and development 
activities to--
            (1) encourage greater collaboration and coordination between 
        institutions of higher education and industry to enhance 
        education, foster hands-on learn experiences, and improve 
        alignment with workforce needs;
            (2) understand the current composition of the STEM workforce 
        and the factors that influence growth, retention, and 
        development of that workforce;

[[Page 136 STAT. 1517]]

            (3) increase the size, diversity, capability, and 
        flexibility of the STEM workforce; and
            (4) increase dissemination and widespread adoption of 
        effective practices in undergraduate education and workforce 
        development.

    (b) Advanced Technological Education Program Update.--Section 3(b) 
of the Scientific and Advanced-Technology Act of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 
1862i(b)) is amended to read as follows:
    ``(b) Centers of Scientific and Technical Education.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Director shall make awards for the 
        establishment of centers of excellence, in advanced-technology 
        fields, among associate-degree-granting colleges. Centers shall 
        meet one or both of the following criteria:
                    ``(A) Exceptional instructional programs in 
                advanced-technology fields.
                    ``(B) Excellence in undergraduate STEM education.
            ``(2) Purposes.--The centers shall serve as national and 
        regional clearinghouses and models for the benefit of both 
        colleges and secondary schools, and shall provide seminars and 
        programs to disseminate model curricula and model teaching 
        methods and instructional materials to other associate-degree-
        granting colleges.
            ``(3) Networks.--The centers may enter into partnerships 
        with other institutions of higher education, nonprofit 
        organizations, and stakeholder groups, or a consortium thereof, 
        to develop networks to--
                    ``(A) <<NOTE: Coordination.>>  coordinate research, 
                training, and education activities funded by awards 
                under subsection (a);
                    ``(B) share information and best practices; or
                    ``(C) promote collaboration between academic 
                institutions, workforce development programs, labor 
                organizations, and industry to communicate and meet 
                workforce education and training needs.''.

    (c) Innovations in STEM Education at Community Colleges.--
            (1) In general.--The Director shall make awards on a merit-
        reviewed, competitive basis to institutions of higher education 
        or nonprofit organizations (or consortia of such institutions or 
        organizations) to advance research on the nature of learning and 
        teaching at community colleges and to improve outcomes for 
        students who enter the workforce upon completion of their STEM 
        degree or credential or transfer to 4-year institutions, 
        including by--
                    (A) examining how to scale up successful programs at 
                community colleges that are improving student outcomes 
                in foundational STEM courses;
                    (B) supporting research on effective STEM teaching 
                practices in community college settings;
                    (C) designing and developing new STEM curricula;
                    (D) providing STEM students with hands-on training 
                and research experiences, internships, and other 
                experiential learning opportunities;
                    (E) increasing access to high quality STEM education 
                through new technologies;
                    (F) re-skilling or up-skilling incumbent workers for 
                new STEM jobs;

[[Page 136 STAT. 1518]]

                    (G) building STEM career and seamless transfer 
                pathways; and
                    (H) developing novel mechanisms to identify and 
                recruit talent into STEM programs, in particular talent 
                from groups historically underrepresented in STEM.
            (2) Partnerships.--In carrying out activities under this 
        subsection, the Director shall encourage applications to 
        develop, enhance, or expand cooperative STEM education and 
        training partnerships between institutions of higher education, 
        industry, and labor organizations.

    (d) Improving Access to STEM Education at Career and Technical 
Education Institutions.--
            (1) In general.--The Director shall make awards, on a 
        competitive basis, to institutions of higher education 
        (including postsecondary vocational institutions) to support 
        career and technical education in STEM and computer science 
        related fields.
            (2) Priority.--In making awards under this subsection, the 
        Director shall give priority to institutions that demonstrate 
        effective strategies to recruit and provide career and technical 
        education to veterans and members of the Armed Forces 
        transitioning to the private sector workforce.
            (3) Career and technical education defined.--In this 
        subsection, the term ``career and technical education'' has the 
        meaning given that term in section 3 of the Carl D. Perkins 
        Career and Technical Education Act of 2006 (20 U.S.C. 2302).

    (e) Course-based Undergraduate Research Experiences.--
            (1) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  In general.--The Director shall 
        carry out a 4-year pilot program under which the Director shall 
        make awards, on a competitive basis, to institutions of higher 
        education and nonprofit organizations (or consortia of such 
        institutions or organizations) to establish a total of not fewer 
        than five Centers to develop and scale up successful models for 
        providing undergraduate students with hands-on, course-based 
        research experiences.
            (2) Use of funds.--Awards made under this paragraph shall be 
        used to--
                    (A) <<NOTE: Assessment.>>  develop, assess, and 
                disseminate models for providing undergraduate students 
                with course-based research experiences across STEM 
                disciplines and education levels;
                    (B) identify and address opportunities and 
                challenges in facilitating implementation across a broad 
                range of institution types, including historically Black 
                colleges and universities, Tribal Colleges or 
                Universities, minority serving institutions and 
                community colleges;
                    (C) identify and develop best practices to address 
                barriers for faculty, including institutional culture, 
                resources, and incentive structures;
                    (D) identify and address factors that may facilitate 
                or discourage participation by students from all 
                backgrounds;
                    (E) provide faculty with curriculum, professional 
                development, training, networking opportunities, and 
                other support to enable the development, adaptation, or 
                expansion of a course-based research experience; and

[[Page 136 STAT. 1519]]

                    (F) <<NOTE: Data.>>  collect data and carry out 
                research to evaluate the impacts of course- based 
                undergraduate research experiences on the STEM 
                workforce.
            (3) Partnerships.--In making awards under this paragraph, 
        the Director shall consider the extent to which the proposed 
        Center will establish partnerships among multiple types of 
        academic institutions, including community colleges, emerging 
        research institutions, EPSCoR institutions, historically Black 
        colleges and universities, Tribal Colleges or Universities, and 
        minority-serving institutions, the private sector, and other 
        relevant stakeholders in supporting programs and activities to 
        facilitate faculty training and the widespread and sustained 
        implementation of promising, evidence-based practices, models, 
        programs, and curriculum.
            (4) Report.--Not later than 180 days after the date on which 
        the pilot program is completed, the Director shall submit to 
        Congress a report that includes--
                    (A) <<NOTE: Assessment.>>  an assessment, that 
                includes feedback from the research community, of the 
                effectiveness of the pilot program in increasing the 
                number, diversity, and workforce readiness of STEM 
                graduates; and
                    (B) <<NOTE: Plan.>>  if determined to be effective, 
                a plan for permanent implementation of the pilot 
                program.

    (f) Advanced Technological Manufacturing Act.--
            (1) Findings and purpose.--Section 2 of the Scientific and 
        Advanced-Technology Act of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 1862h) is amended--
                    (A) in subsection (a)--
                          (i) in paragraph (3), by striking ``science, 
                      mathematics, and technology'' and inserting 
                      ``science, technology, engineering, and 
                      mathematics or STEM'';
                          (ii) in paragraph (4), by inserting 
                      ``educated'' and before ``trained''; and
                          (iii) in paragraph (5), by striking 
                      ``scientific and technical education and 
                      training'' and inserting ``STEM education and 
                      training''; and
                    (B) in subsection (b)--
                          (i) in paragraph (2), by striking 
                      ``mathematics and science'' and inserting ``STEM 
                      fields''; and
                          (ii) in paragraph (4), by striking 
                      ``mathematics and science instruction'' and 
                      inserting ``STEM instruction''.
            (2) Modernizing references to stem.--Section 3 of the 
        Scientific and Advanced-Technology Act of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 1862i) 
        is amended--
                    (A) in the section heading, by striking ``scientific 
                and technical education'' and inserting ``stem 
                education'';
                    (B) in subsection (a)--
                          (i) in the subsection heading, by striking 
                      ``Scientific and Technical Education'' and 
                      inserting ``STEM Education'';
                          (ii) in the matter preceding paragraph (1)--
                                    (I) by inserting ``and education to 
                                prepare the skilled technical workforce 
                                to meet workforce demands'' before ``, 
                                and to improve'';

[[Page 136 STAT. 1520]]

                                    (II) by striking ``core education 
                                courses in science and mathematics'' and 
                                inserting ``core education courses in 
                                STEM fields'';
                                    (III) by inserting ``veterans and 
                                individuals engaged in'' before ``work 
                                in the home''; and
                                    (IV) by inserting ``and on building 
                                a pathway from secondary schools to 
                                associate-degree-granting institutions, 
                                to careers that require technical 
                                training'' before ``, and shall be 
                                designed'';
                          (iii) in paragraph (1)--
                                    (I) by inserting ``and study'' after 
                                ``development''; and
                                    (II) by striking ``core science and 
                                mathematics courses'' and inserting 
                                ``core STEM courses'';
                          (iv) in paragraph (2), by striking ``science, 
                      mathematics, and advanced-technology fields'' and 
                      inserting ``STEM and advanced- technology 
                      fields'';
                          (v) in paragraph (3)(A), by inserting ``to 
                      support the advanced- technology industries that 
                      drive the competitiveness of the United States in 
                      the global economy'' before the semicolon at the 
                      end;
                          (vi) in paragraph (4), by striking 
                      ``scientific and advanced- technology fields'' and 
                      inserting ``STEM and advanced-technology fields''; 
                      and
                          (vii) in paragraph (5), by striking ``advanced 
                      scientific and technical education'' and inserting 
                      ``advanced STEM and advanced- technology'';
                    (C) in subsection (c)--
                          (i) in paragraph (1)--
                                    (I) in subparagraph (A)--
                                            (aa) in the matter preceding 
                                        clause (i), by striking ``to 
                                        encourage'' and all that follows 
                                        through ``such means as--'' and 
                                        inserting ``to encourage the 
                                        development of career and 
                                        educational pathways with 
                                        multiple entry and exit points 
                                        leading to credentials and 
                                        degrees, and to assist students 
                                        pursuing pathways in STEM fields 
                                        to transition from associate-
                                        degree-granting colleges to 
                                        bachelor- degree-granting 
                                        institutions, through such means 
                                        as--'';
                                            (bb) in clause (i), by 
                                        striking ``to ensure'' and 
                                        inserting ``to develop 
                                        articulation agreements that 
                                        ensure''; and
                                            (cc) in clause (ii), by 
                                        striking ``courses at the 
                                        bachelor-degree-granting 
                                        institution'' and inserting 
                                        ``the career and educational 
                                        pathways supported by the 
                                        articulation agreements'';
                                    (II) in subparagraph (B)--
                                            (aa) in clause (i), by 
                                        inserting ``veterans and 
                                        individuals engaged in'' before 
                                        ``work in the home'';
                                            (bb) in clause (iii)--
                                                (AA) by striking 
                                            ``bachelor's-degree- 
                                            granting institutions'' and 
                                            inserting ``institutions or 
                                            work sites''; and

[[Page 136 STAT. 1521]]

                                                (BB) by inserting ``or 
                                            industry internships'' after 
                                            ``summer programs''; and
                                            (cc) by striking the flush 
                                        text following clause (iv); and
                                    (III) by striking subparagraph (C);
                          (ii) in paragraph (2)--
                                    (I) by striking ``mathematics and 
                                science programs'' and inserting ``STEM 
                                programs'';
                                    (II) by inserting ``and, as 
                                appropriate, elementary schools,'' after 
                                ``with secondary schools'';
                                    (III) by striking ``mathematics and 
                                science education'' and inserting ``STEM 
                                education'';
                                    (IV) by striking ``secondary school 
                                students'' and inserting ``students at 
                                these schools'';
                                    (V) by striking ``science and 
                                advanced-technology fields'' and 
                                inserting ``STEM and advanced-technology 
                                fields''; and
                                    (VI) by striking ``agreements with 
                                local educational agencies'' and 
                                inserting ``articulation agreements or 
                                dual credit courses with local secondary 
                                schools, or other means as the Director 
                                determines appropriate,''; and
                          (iii) in paragraph (3)--
                                    (I) by striking subparagraph (B);
                                    (II) by striking ``shall--''and all 
                                that follows through ``establish a'' and 
                                inserting ``shall establish a'';
                                    (III) by striking ``the fields of 
                                science, technology, engineering, and 
                                mathematics'' and inserting ``STEM 
                                fields''; and
                                    (IV) by striking ``; and'' and 
                                inserting ``, including jobs at Federal 
                                and academic laboratories.'';
                    (D) in subsection (d)(2)--
                          (i) in subparagraph (D), by striking ``and'' 
                      after the semicolon;
                          (ii) in subparagraph (E), by striking the 
                      period at the end and inserting a ``; and''; and
                          (iii) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(F) as appropriate, applications that apply the 
                best practices for STEM education and technical skills 
                education through distance learning or in a simulated 
                work environment, as determined by research described in 
                subsection (f); and'';
                    (E) in subsection (g), by striking the second 
                sentence;
                    (F) in subsection (h)(1)--
                          (i) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``2022'' 
                      and inserting ``2026'';
                          (ii) in subparagraph (B), by striking ``2022'' 
                      and inserting ``2026''; and
                          (iii) in subparagraph (C)--
                                    (I) by striking ``up to $2,500,000'' 
                                and inserting ``not less than 
                                $3,000,000''; and
                                    (II) by striking ``2022'' and 
                                inserting ``2026'';
                    (G) in subsection (i)--
                          (i) by striking paragraph (3); and

[[Page 136 STAT. 1522]]

                          (ii) by redesignating paragraphs (4) and (5) 
                      as paragraphs (3) and (4), respectively; and
                    (H) in subsection (j)--
                          (i) by striking paragraph (1) and inserting 
                      the following:
            ``(1) the term advanced-technology includes technological 
        fields such as advanced manufacturing, agricultural-, 
        biological- and chemical-technologies, energy and environmental 
        technologies, engineering technologies, information 
        technologies, micro and nano-technologies, cybersecurity 
        technologies, geospatial technologies, and new, emerging 
        technology areas;'';
                          (ii) in paragraph (4), by striking ``separate 
                      bachelor-degree- granting institutions'' and 
                      inserting ``other entities'';
                          (iii) by striking paragraph (7);
                          (iv) by redesignating paragraphs (8) and (9) 
                      as paragraphs (7) and (8), respectively;
                          (v) in paragraph (7), as redesignated by 
                      clause (iv), by striking ``and'' after the 
                      semicolon;
                          (vi) in paragraph (8), as redesignated by 
                      clause (iv)--
                                    (I) by striking ``mathematics, 
                                science, engineering, or technology'' 
                                and inserting ``science, technology, 
                                engineering, or mathematics''; and
                                    (II) by striking the period at the 
                                end and inserting ``; and''; and
                          (vii) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(9) the term skilled technical workforce has the meaning 
        given such term in section 4(b) of the Innovations in Mentoring, 
        Training, and Apprenticeships Act (42 U.S.C. 1862p).''.
            (3) Authorization of appropriations.--Section 5 of the 
        Scientific and Advanced-Technology Act of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 1862j) 
        is amended to read as follows:
``SEC. 5. <<NOTE: Time period.>>  AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

    ``There are authorized to be appropriated to the Director for 
carrying out sections 2 through 4 $150,000,000 for each of fiscal years 
2023 through 2027.''.
SEC. 10313. <<NOTE: 42 USC 18993.>>  GRADUATE STEM EDUCATION.

    (a) Mentoring and Professional Development.--
            (1) Mentoring plans.--
                    (A) Update.--Section 7008(a) of the America Creating 
                Opportunities to Meaningfully Promote Excellence in 
                Technology, Education, and Science Act (42 U.S.C. 
                1862o(a)) is amended by--
                          (i) inserting ``and graduate student'' after 
                      ``postdoctoral''; and
                          (ii) inserting ``The requirement may be 
                      satisfied by providing such individuals with 
                      access to mentors, including individuals not 
                      listed on the award.'' after ``review 
                      criterion.''.
                    (B) <<NOTE: Deadline. Contracts.>>  Evaluation.--Not 
                later than 120 days after the date of enactment of this 
                Act, the Director shall enter into an agreement with a 
                qualified independent organization to evaluate the 
                effectiveness of the postdoctoral mentoring plan 
                requirement for improving mentoring for Foundation-
                supported postdoctoral researchers.

[[Page 136 STAT. 1523]]

            (2) Career exploration.--
                    (A) In general.--The Director shall make awards, on 
                a competitive basis, to institutions of higher education 
                and nonprofit organizations (or consortia of such 
                institutions or organizations) to develop innovative 
                approaches for facilitating career exploration of 
                academic and nonacademic career options and for 
                providing opportunity-broadening experiences, including 
                work-integrated opportunities, for graduate students and 
                postdoctoral scholars that can then be considered, 
                adopted, or adapted by other institutions and to carry 
                out research on the impact and outcomes of such 
                activities.
                    (B) Review of proposals.--In selecting award 
                recipients under this subparagraph, the Director shall 
                consider, at a minimum--
                          (i) the extent to which the administrators of 
                      the institution are committed to making the 
                      proposed activity a priority; and
                          (ii) the likelihood that the institution or 
                      organization will sustain or expand the proposed 
                      activity effort beyond the period of the award.
            (3) <<NOTE: Requirement. Certification.>>  Development 
        plans.--The Director shall require that annual project reports 
        for awards that support graduate students and postdoctoral 
        scholars include certification by the principal investigator 
        that each graduate student and postdoctoral scholar receiving 
        substantial support from such award, as determined by has 
        developed and annually updated an individual development plan to 
        map educational goals, career exploration, and professional 
        development.
            (4) <<NOTE: Time period. Determination.>>  Professional 
        development supplement.--The Director shall carry out a five-
        year pilot initiative to award up to 2,500 administrative 
        supplements of up to $2,000 to existing research awards 
        annually, on a competitive basis, to support professional 
        development experiences for graduate students and postdoctoral 
        researchers who receive a substantial portion of their support 
        under such award, as determined by the Director. Not more than 
        10 percent of supplements awarded under this subparagraph may be 
        used to support professional development experiences for 
        postdoctoral researchers.
            (5) Graduate education research.--The Director shall make 
        awards, on a competitive basis, to institutions of higher 
        education or nonprofit organizations (or consortia of such 
        institutions or organizations) to support research on the 
        graduate education system and outcomes of various interventions 
        and policies, including--
                    (A) the effects of traineeships, fellowships, 
                internships, and teaching and research assistantships on 
                outcomes for graduate students;
                    (B) the effects of graduate education and mentoring 
                policies and procedures on degree completion, including 
                differences by--
                          (i) sex, race and ethnicity, and citizenship; 
                      and
                          (ii) student debt load;
                    (C) <<NOTE: Assessment.>>  the development and 
                assessment of new or adapted interventions, including 
                approaches that improve mentoring relationships, develop 
                conflict management skills, and promote healthy research 
                teams; and

[[Page 136 STAT. 1524]]

                    (D) <<NOTE: Data. Assessments.>>  research, data 
                collection, and assessment of the state of graduate 
                student mental health and wellbeing, factors 
                contributing to and consequences of poor graduate 
                student mental health, and the development, adaptation, 
                and assessment of evidence-based strategies and policies 
                to support emotional wellbeing and mental health.

    (b) Graduate Research Fellowship Program Update.--
            (1) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  Sense of congress.--It is the 
        sense of Congress that the Foundation should increase the number 
        of new graduate research fellows supported annually over the 
        next 5 years to no fewer than 3,000 fellows.
            (2) Program update.--Section 10 of the National Science 
        Foundation Act of 1950 (42 U.S.C. 1869) is amended--
                    (A) in subsection (a), by inserting ``and as will 
                address national workforce demand in critical STEM 
                fields'' after ``throughout the United States'';
                    (B) in subsection (b), by striking ``of $12,000'' 
                and inserting ``of at least $16,000''; and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following:

    ``(c) Outreach.--The Director shall ensure program outreach to 
recruit fellowship applicants from fields of study that are in areas of 
critical national need from all regions of the country, and from 
historically underrepresented populations in STEM.''.
            (3) Cybersecurity scholarships and graduate fellowships.--
        The Director shall ensure that students pursuing master's 
        degrees and doctoral degrees in fields relating to cybersecurity 
        are eligible to apply for scholarships and graduate fellowships 
        under the Graduate Research Fellowship Program under section 10 
        of the National Science Foundation Act of 1950 (42 U.S.C. 1869).

    (c) Study on Graduate Student Funding.--
            (1) <<NOTE: Deadline. Contracts. Evaluation.>>  In 
        general.--Not later than 120 days after the date of enactment of 
        this Act, the Director shall enter into an agreement with a 
        qualified independent organization to evaluate--
                    (A) the role of the Foundation in supporting 
                graduate student education and training through 
                fellowships, traineeships, and other funding models; and
                    (B) the impact of different funding mechanisms on 
                graduate student experiences and outcomes, including 
                whether such mechanisms have differential impacts on 
                subsets of the student population.
            (2) <<NOTE: Publication. Recommenda- tions.>>  Report.--Not 
        later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the 
        Director shall publish the results of the evaluation carried out 
        under paragraph (1), including a recommendation for the 
        appropriate balance between fellowships, traineeships, and other 
        funding models.

    (d) [LOG 165 H10304(g)/S2208] AI Scholarship-for-Service.--
            (1) Definition of executive agency.--In this subsection, the 
        term ``executive agency'' has the meaning given the term 
        ``Executive agency'' in section 105 of title 5, United States 
        Code.
            (2) <<NOTE: Coordination.>>  AI scholarship-for-service 
        initiative report.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
        enactment of this Act, the Director, in coordination with the 
        Office of Personnel Management, shall submit to the Committee on 
        Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate, the 
        Committee on

[[Page 136 STAT. 1525]]

        Science, Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives, 
        the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs of 
        the Senate, and the Committee on Oversight and Reform of the 
        House of Representatives a report on the need and feasibility, 
        and if appropriate, plans to implement a program to recruit and 
        train the next generation of artificial intelligence 
        professionals to meet the needs of Federal, State, local, and 
        Tribal governments. The report shall include--
                    (A) <<NOTE: Data.>>  recent statistical data on the 
                size, composition, and educational requirements of the 
                Federal AI workforce, including an assessment of current 
                and future demand for additional AI professionals across 
                the Federal Government;
                    (B) <<NOTE: Assessment.>>  an assessment of the 
                capacity of institutions of higher education to produce 
                graduates with degrees, certifications, and relevant 
                skills related to artificial intelligence that meet the 
                current and future needs of the Federal workforce; and
                    (C) <<NOTE: Evaluation.>>  an evaluation of the need 
                for and feasibility of establishing a scholarship-for-
                service program to recruit and train the next generation 
                of artificial intelligence professionals to meet the 
                needs of Federal, State, local, and Tribal governments, 
                including opportunities for leveraging existing 
                processes and resources for administering the Federal 
                Cyber Scholarship-for-Service Program established under 
                section 302 of the Cybersecurity Enhancement Act of 2014 
                (15 U.S.C. 7442) in standing up such a program.
            (3) <<NOTE: Coordination.>>  Program establishment.--Upon 
        submitting the report required in paragraph (2), the Director, 
        in coordination with the Director of the Office of Personnel 
        Management, the Director of the National Institute of Standards 
        and Technology, and the heads of other agencies with appropriate 
        scientific knowledge, is authorized to establish a Federal 
        artificial intelligence scholarship-for-service program 
        (referred to in this section as the Federal AI Scholarship-for-
        Service Program) to recruit and train artificial intelligence 
        professionals to lead and support the application of artificial 
        intelligence to the missions of Federal, State, local, and 
        Tribal governments.
            (4) <<NOTE: Coordination. Criteria.>>  Qualified institution 
        of higher education.--The Director, in coordination with the 
        heads of other agencies with appropriate scientific knowledge, 
        shall establish criteria to designate qualified institutions of 
        higher education that shall be eligible to participate in the 
        Federal AI Scholarship-for-Service program. Such criteria shall 
        include--
                    (A) measures of the institution's demonstrated 
                excellence in the education of students in the field of 
                artificial intelligence; and
                    (B) measures of the institution's ability to attract 
                and retain a diverse and nontraditional student 
                population in the fields of science, technology, 
                engineering, and mathematics, which may include the 
                ability to attract women, minorities, and individuals 
                with disabilities.
            (5) Program description and components.--The Federal AI 
        Scholarship-for-Service Program shall--

[[Page 136 STAT. 1526]]

                    (A) provide scholarships through qualified 
                institutions of higher education to students who are 
                enrolled in programs of study at institutions of higher 
                education leading to degrees or concentrations in or 
                related to the artificial intelligence field;
                    (B) provide the scholarship recipients with summer 
                internship opportunities or other meaningful temporary 
                appointments in the Federal workforce focusing on AI 
                projects or research;
                    (C) prioritize the employment placement of 
                scholarship recipients in executive agencies;
                    (D) identify opportunities to promote multi-
                disciplinary programs of study that integrate basic or 
                advanced AI training with other fields of study, 
                including those that address the social, economic, 
                legal, and ethical implications of human interaction 
                with AI systems;
                    (E) support capacity-building education research 
                programs that will enable postsecondary educational 
                institutions to expand their ability to train the next-
                generation AI workforce, including AI researchers and 
                practitioners;
                    (F) create courses or training programs in 
                technology ethics for students receiving scholarships; 
                and
                    (G) award fellowships to masters and doctoral 
                students who are pursuing degrees or research in 
                artificial intelligence and related fields, including in 
                the field of technology ethics.
            (6) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  Scholarship amounts.--Each 
        scholarship under paragraph (5) shall be in an amount that 
        covers the student's tuition and fees at the institution for not 
        more than 3 years and provides the student with an additional 
        stipend.
            (7) <<NOTE: Contracts.>>  Post-award employment 
        obligations.--Each scholarship recipient, as a condition of 
        receiving a scholarship under the program, shall enter into an 
        agreement under which the recipient agrees to work for a period 
        equal to the length of the scholarship, following receipt of the 
        student's degree, in the AI mission of--
                    (A) an executive agency;
                    (B) Congress, including any agency, entity, office, 
                or commission established in the legislative branch;
                    (C) an interstate agency;
                    (D) a State, local, or Tribal government, which may 
                include instruction in AI-related skill sets in a public 
                school system; or
                    (E) a State, local, or Tribal government-affiliated 
                nonprofit entity that is considered to be critical 
                infrastructure (as defined in section 1016(e) of the USA 
                Patriot Act (42 U.S.C. 5195c(e))).
            (8) Hiring authority.--
                    (A) Appointment in excepted service.--
                Notwithstanding any provision of chapter 33 of title 5, 
                United States Code, governing appointments in the 
                competitive service, an executive agency may appoint an 
                individual who has completed the eligible degree program 
                for which a scholarship was awarded to a position in the 
                excepted service in the executive agency.
                    (B) Noncompetitive conversion.--Except as provided 
                in subparagraph (D), upon fulfillment of the service 
                term,

[[Page 136 STAT. 1527]]

                an employee appointed under subparagraph (A) may be 
                converted noncompetitively to term, career-conditional, 
                or career appointment.
                    (C) Timing of conversion.--An executive agency may 
                noncompetitively convert a term employee appointed under 
                subparagraph (B) to a career-conditional or career 
                appointment before the term appointment expires.
                    (D) Authority to decline conversion.--An executive 
                agency may decline to make the noncompetitive conversion 
                or appointment under subparagraph (B) for cause.
            (9) Eligibility.--To be eligible to receive a scholarship 
        under this section, an individual shall--
                    (A) be a citizen or lawful permanent resident of the 
                United States;
                    (B) demonstrate a commitment to a career in 
                advancing the field of AI;
                    (C) be--
                          (i) a full-time student in an eligible degree 
                      program at a qualified institution of higher 
                      education, as determined by the Director;
                          (ii) a student pursuing a degree on a less 
                      than full-time basis, but not less than half-time 
                      basis; or
                          (iii) an AI faculty member on sabbatical to 
                      advance knowledge in the field; and
                    (D) accept the terms of a scholarship under this 
                section.
            (10) Conditions of support.--
                    (A) In general.--As a condition of receiving a 
                scholarship under this section, a recipient shall agree 
                to provide the qualified institution of higher education 
                with annual verifiable documentation of post-award 
                employment and up-to-date contact information.
                    (B) Terms.--A scholarship recipient under this 
                section shall be liable to the United States as provided 
                in paragraph (12) if the individual--
                          (i) <<NOTE: Determination.>>  fails to 
                      maintain an acceptable level of academic standing 
                      at the applicable institution of higher education, 
                      as determined by the Director;
                          (ii) is dismissed from the applicable 
                      institution of higher education for disciplinary 
                      reasons;
                          (iii) withdraws from the eligible degree 
                      program before completing the program;
                          (iv) declares that the individual does not 
                      intend to fulfill the post- award employment 
                      obligation under this section; or
                          (v) fails to fulfill the post-award employment 
                      obligation of the individual under this section.
            (11) Monitoring compliance.--As a condition of participating 
        in the program, a qualified institution of higher education 
        shall--
                    (A) <<NOTE: Contracts.>>  enter into an agreement 
                with the Director to monitor the compliance of 
                scholarship recipients with respect to their post-award 
                employment obligations; and
                    (B) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  provide to the Director, 
                on an annual basis, the post-award employment 
                documentation required under paragraph (10) for 
                scholarship recipients through the completion of their 
                post-award employment obligations.
            (12) Amount of repayment.--

[[Page 136 STAT. 1528]]

                    (A) Less than 1 year of service.--If a circumstance 
                described in paragraph (10) occurs before the completion 
                of 1 year of a post-award employment obligation under 
                this section, the total amount of scholarship awards 
                received by the individual under this section shall--
                          (i) be repaid; or
                          (ii) be treated as a loan to be repaid in 
                      accordance with paragraph (13).
                    (B) 1 or more years of service.--If a circumstance 
                described in clause (iv) or (v) of paragraph (10)(B) 
                occurs after the completion of 1 or more years of a 
                post-award employment obligation under this section, the 
                total amount of scholarship awards received by the 
                individual under this section, reduced by the ratio of 
                the number of years of service completed divided by the 
                number of years of service required, shall--
                          (i) be repaid; or
                          (ii) be treated as a loan to be repaid in 
                      accordance with paragraph (13).
            (13) Repayments.--A loan described in paragraph (12) shall--
                    (A) be treated as a Federal Direct Unsubsidized 
                Stafford Loan under part D of title IV of the Higher 
                Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1087a et seq.); and
                    (B) <<NOTE: Consultation.>>  be subject to 
                repayment, together with interest thereon accruing from 
                the date of the scholarship award, in accordance with 
                terms and conditions specified by the Director (in 
                consultation with the Secretary of Education).
            (14) Collection of repayment.--
                    (A) <<NOTE: Determinations.>>  In general.--In the 
                event that a scholarship recipient is required to repay 
                the scholarship award under this section, the qualified 
                institution of higher education providing the 
                scholarship shall--
                          (i) <<NOTE: Notification.>>  determine the 
                      repayment amounts and notify the recipient and the 
                      Director of the amounts owed; and
                          (ii) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  collect the 
                      repayment amounts within a period of time as 
                      determined by the Director, or the repayment 
                      amounts shall be treated as a loan in accordance 
                      with paragraph (13).
                    (B) Returned to treasury.--Except as provided in 
                subparagraph (C), any repayment under this subsection 
                shall be returned to the Treasury of the United States.
                    (C) Retain percentage.--A qualified institution of 
                higher education may retain a percentage of any 
                repayment the institution collects under this subsection 
                to defray administrative costs associated with the 
                collection. <<NOTE: Applicability.>>  The Director shall 
                establish a fixed percentage that will apply to all 
                eligible entities, and may update this percentage as 
                needed, in the determination of the Director.
            (15) <<NOTE: Waiver. Suspension.>>  Exceptions.--The 
        Director may provide for the partial or total waiver or 
        suspension of any service or payment obligation by an individual 
        under this section whenever compliance by the individual with 
        the obligation is impossible or would involve extreme hardship 
        to the individual, or if enforcement of such obligation with 
        respect to the individual would be unconscionable.

[[Page 136 STAT. 1529]]

            (16) <<NOTE: Coordination. Time periods.>>  Public 
        information.--
                    (A) Evaluation.--The Director, in coordination with 
                the Director of the Office of Personnel Management, 
                shall annually evaluate and make public, in a manner 
                that protects the personally identifiable information of 
                scholarship recipients, information on the success of 
                recruiting individuals for scholarships under this 
                section and on hiring and retaining those individuals in 
                the public sector AI workforce, including information 
                on--
                          (i) placement rates;
                          (ii) where students are placed, including job 
                      titles and descriptions;
                          (iii) salary ranges for students not released 
                      from obligations under this section;
                          (iv) how long after graduation students are 
                      placed;
                          (v) how long students stay in the positions 
                      they enter upon graduation;
                          (vi) how many students are released from 
                      obligations; and
                          (vii) what, if any, remedial training is 
                      required.
                    (B) Reports.--The Director, in coordination with the 
                Office of Personnel Management, shall submit, not less 
                frequently than once every 3 years, to the Committee on 
                Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs of the 
                Senate, the Committee on Commerce, Science, and 
                Transportation of the Senate, the Committee on Science, 
                Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives, 
                and the Committee on Oversight and Reform of the House 
                of Representatives a report, including the results of 
                the evaluation under subparagraph (A) and any recent 
                statistics regarding the size, composition, and 
                educational requirements of the Federal AI workforce.
                    (C) <<NOTE: Coordination.>>  Resources.--The 
                Director, in coordination with the Director of the 
                Office of Personnel Management, shall provide 
                consolidated and user-friendly online resources for 
                prospective scholarship recipients, including, to the 
                extent practicable--
                          (i) searchable, up-to-date, and accurate 
                      information about participating institutions of 
                      higher education and job opportunities related to 
                      the AI field; and
                          (ii) a modernized description of AI careers.
            (17) <<NOTE: Time period. Coordination.>>  Refresh.--Not 
        less than once every 2 years, the Director, in coordination with 
        the Director of the Office of Personnel Management, shall review 
        and update the Federal AI Scholarship-for-Service Program to 
        reflect advances in technology.
SEC. 10314. <<NOTE: 42 USC 18994.>>  STEM WORKFORCE DATA.

    (a) Skilled Technical Workforce Portfolio Review.--
            (1) <<NOTE: Deadline. Analysis.>>  In general.--Not later 
        than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the 
        Director shall conduct a full portfolio analysis of the 
        Foundation's skilled technical workforce investments across all 
        Directorates in the areas of education, research, 
        infrastructure, data collection, and analysis.
            (2) <<NOTE: Public information.>>  Report.--Not later than 
        180 days after the date of the review under paragraph (1) is 
        complete, the Director shall

[[Page 136 STAT. 1530]]

        submit to Congress and make widely available to the public a 
        summary report of the portfolio review.

    (b) Survey Data.--
            (1) Rotating topic modules.--
        To <<NOTE: Assessment. Coordination.>>  meet evolving needs for 
        data on the state of the science and engineering workforce, the 
        Director shall assess, through coordination with other Federal 
        statistical agencies and drawing on input from relevant 
        stakeholders, the feasibility and benefits of incorporating 
        questions or topic modules to existing National Center for 
        Science and Engineering Statistics surveys that would vary from 
        cycle to cycle.
            (2) New data.--
        Not <<NOTE: Deadline. Assessment. Coordination.>>  later than 1 
        year after the date of enactment of this Act, the Director shall 
        submit to Congress and the Board the results of an assessment, 
        carried out in coordination with other Federal agencies and with 
        input from relevant stakeholders, of the feasibility and 
        benefits of incorporating new questions or topic modules to 
        existing National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics 
        surveys on--
                    (A) the skilled technical workforce;
                    (B) working conditions and work-life balance;
                    (C) harassment and discrimination;
                    (D) immigration and emigration; and
                    (E) any other topics at the discretion of the 
                Director.
            (3) Longitudinal design.--The Director shall continue and 
        accelerate efforts to enhance the usefulness of National Center 
        for Science and Engineering Statistics survey data for 
        longitudinal research and analysis.
            (4) <<NOTE: Reports.>>  Government accountability office 
        review.--Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of 
        this Act, the Comptroller General of the United States shall 
        submit a report to Congress that--
                    (A) <<NOTE: Evaluation.>>  evaluates Foundation 
                processes for ensuring the data and analysis produced by 
                the National Center for Science and Engineering 
                Statistics meets current and future needs; and
                    (B) <<NOTE: Recommenda- tions.>>  includes such 
                recommendations as the Comptroller General determines 
                are appropriate to improve such processes.
SEC. 10315. <<NOTE: 42 USC 18995.>>  CYBER WORKFORCE DEVELOPMENT 
                            RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT.

    (a) In General.--The Director shall make awards on a merit-reviewed, 
competitive basis to institutions of higher education or nonprofit 
organizations (or consortia of such institutions or organizations) to 
carry out research on the cyber workforce.
    (b) Research.--In carrying out research pursuant to subsection (a), 
the Director shall support research and development activities to--
            (1) understand the current state of the cyber workforce, 
        including factors that influence growth, retention, and 
        development of that workforce;
            (2) examine paths to entry and re-entry into the cyber 
        workforce;
            (3) understand trends of the cyber workforce, including 
        demographic representation, educational and professional 
        backgrounds present, competencies available, and factors that 
        shape employee recruitment, development, and retention and how

[[Page 136 STAT. 1531]]

        to increase the size, diversity, and capability of the cyber 
        workforce;
            (4) examine and evaluate training practices, models, 
        programs, and technologies; and
            (5) other closely related topics as the Director determines 
        appropriate.

    (c) Requirements.--In carrying out the activities described in 
subsection (b), the Director shall--
            (1) collaborate with the National Institute of Standards and 
        Technology, including the National Initiative for Cybersecurity 
        Education, the Department of Homeland Security, the Department 
        of Defense, the Office of Personnel Management, and other 
        Federal departments and agencies, as appropriate;
            (2) align with or build on the National Initiative on 
        Cybersecurity Education Cybersecurity Workforce Framework 
        wherever practicable and applicable;
            (3) leverage the collective body of knowledge from existing 
        cyber workforce development research and education activities; 
        and
            (4) engage with other Federal departments and agencies, 
        research communities, and potential users of information 
        produced under this subsection.
SEC. 10316. FEDERAL CYBER SCHOLARSHIP-FOR-SERVICE PROGRAM.

    (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
            (1) since cybersecurity risks are constant in the growing 
        digital world, it is critical that the United States stay ahead 
        of malicious cyber activity with a workforce that can safeguard 
        our innovation, research, and work environments; and
            (2) Federal investments in the Federal Cyber Scholarship-
        for-Service Program at the National Science Foundation play a 
        critical role in preparing and sustaining a strong, talented, 
        and much-needed national cybersecurity workforce and should be 
        strengthened.

    (b) In General.--Section 302(b)(1) of the Cybersecurity Enhancement 
Act of 2014 (15 U.S.C. 7442(b)(1)) is amended by striking the semicolon 
at the end and inserting the following ``and cybersecurity-related 
aspects of other related fields as appropriate, including artificial 
intelligence, quantum computing and aerospace;''.
SEC. 10317. <<NOTE: 42 USC 18996.>>  CYBERSECURITY WORKFORCE DATA 
                            INITIATIVE.

    The Director, acting through the National Center for Science and 
Engineering Statistics established in section 505 of the America 
COMPETES Reauthorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 1862p) and in 
coordination with the Director of the National Institute of Standards 
and Technology and other appropriate Federal statistical agencies, shall 
establish a cybersecurity workforce data initiative that--
            (1) <<NOTE: Assessment. Estimates.>>  assesses the 
        feasibility of providing nationally representative estimates and 
        statistical information on the cybersecurity workforce;
            (2) utilizes the National Initiative for Cybersecurity 
        Education (NICE) Cybersecurity Workforce Framework (NIST Special 
        Publication 800-181), or other frameworks, as appropriate, to 
        enable a consistent measurement of the cybersecurity workforce;

[[Page 136 STAT. 1532]]

            (3) utilizes and complements existing data on employer 
        requirements and unfilled positions in the cybersecurity 
        workforce;
            (4) <<NOTE: Consultation.>>  consults key stakeholders and 
        the broader community of practice in cybersecurity workforce 
        development to determine data requirements needed to strengthen 
        the cybersecurity workforce;
            (5) <<NOTE: Evaluation.>>  evaluates existing Federal survey 
        data for information pertinent to developing national estimates 
        of the cybersecurity workforce;
            (6) evaluates administrative data and other supplementary 
        data sources, as available, to describe and measure the 
        cybersecurity workforce; and
            (7) collects statistical data, to the greatest extent 
        practicable, on credential attainment and employment outcomes 
        information for the cybersecurity workforce.
SEC. 10318. <<NOTE: 42 USC 18997.>>  MICROELECTRONICS WORKFORCE 
                            DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITIES.

    (a) Creating Helpful Initiatives to Produce Personnel in Needed 
Growth Industries.--
            (1) In general.--The Director shall make awards to 
        institutions of higher education, non-profit organizations, or 
        consortia thereof, for research, development, and related 
        activities to advance innovative approaches to developing, 
        improving, and expanding evidence-based education and workforce 
        development activities and learning experiences at all levels of 
        education in fields and disciplines related to microelectronics.
            (2) Purposes.--Activities carried out under this section 
        shall be for the purpose of supporting the growth, retention, 
        and development of a diverse and sustainable microelectronics 
        workforce to meet the requirements of the programs established 
        in section 9906(c)(2)(C) of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry 
        National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 in 
        support of the evolving needs of industry, academia, government, 
        and Federal laboratories.
            (3) Uses of funds.--Awards made under this section shall be 
        used to support activities, such as--
                    (A) development of industry-oriented curricula and 
                teaching modules for topics relevant to 
                microelectronics, including those that provide 
                meaningful hands-on learning experiences;
                    (B) dissemination of materials developed in 
                subparagraph (A), including through the creation and 
                maintenance of a publicly-accessible database and online 
                portal;
                    (C) development and implementation of training, 
                research, and professional development programs for 
                teachers, including innovative pre-service and in-
                service programs, in microelectronics and related 
                fields;
                    (D) support for learning activities and experiences 
                that provide physical, simulated, or remote access to 
                training facilities and industry-standard processes and 
                tools, including equipment and software for the design, 
                development, manufacturing, and testing of 
                microelectronics;
                    (E) increasing the integration of microelectronics 
                content into STEM curricula at all education levels;

[[Page 136 STAT. 1533]]

                    (F) Growing academic research capacity in 
                microelectronics by incentivizing the hiring of faculty 
                in fields critical to microelectronics;
                    (G) support for innovative industry pathway programs 
                that connect high school, vocational, military, college, 
                and graduate programs; and
                    (H) providing informal hands-on microelectronics 
                learning opportunities for PreK-12 students in different 
                learning environments, including competitions.
            (4) Advanced microelectronics traineeships.--
                    (A) In general.--The Director shall make awards to 
                institutions of higher education or nonprofit 
                organizations (or consortia of such institutions and 
                organizations) to establish traineeship programs for 
                graduate students who pursue microelectronics research 
                leading to a masters or doctorate degree by providing 
                funding and other assistance, and by providing graduate 
                students with opportunities for research experiences in 
                government or industry related to the students' 
                microelectronics studies.
                    (B) Use of funds.--Institutions of higher education 
                or non-profit organizations (or consortia of such 
                institutions and organizations) shall use award funds 
                provided under subparagraph (A) for the purposes of--
                          (i) paying tuition and fees, and providing 
                      stipends, for students receiving traineeships who 
                      are citizens, nationals, or aliens lawfully 
                      admitted for permanent residence;
                          (ii) facilitating opportunities for scientific 
                      internship programs for students receiving 
                      traineeships in microelectronics at private 
                      industry, nonprofit research institutions, or 
                      Federal laboratories; and
                          (iii) such other costs associated with the 
                      administration of the program.
            (5) Microelectronics skilled technical workforce programs.--
        The Director shall make awards under the Scientific and 
        Advanced-Technology Act of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 1862h-j) to support 
        programs for skilled technical workers in STEM disciplines that 
        are aligned with skilled workforce needs of the microelectronics 
        industry and lead to an associate's degree, or equivalent 
        certification, by providing funding and other assistance, 
        including opportunities for internships and other hands-on 
        experiences in industry related to the students' 
        microelectronics studies.
            (6) Microelectronics research experiences through existing 
        programs.--The Director shall seek to increase opportunities for 
        microelectronics research for students and trainees at all 
        levels by encouraging proposals in microelectronics through 
        existing programs including--
                    (A) research experiences for undergraduates pursuant 
                to section 514 of the America COMPETES Reauthorization 
                Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 1862p-6);
                    (B) postdoctoral fellowship programs established 
                pursuant to section 522 of the America COMPETES Act of 
                2010 (42 U.S.C. 1862p-11);
                    (C) graduate fellowships established pursuant to 
                section 10 of the National Science Foundation Act of 
                1950 (42 U.S.C. 1869);

[[Page 136 STAT. 1534]]

                    (D) informal STEM education programs established 
                pursuant to section 3 of the STEM Education Act of 2015 
                (42 U.S.C. 1862q);
                    (E) the Robert Noyce Teacher Scholarship Program 
                established pursuant to section 10 of the National 
                Science Foundation Authorization Act of 2002 (42 U.S.C. 
                1862n-1);
                    (F) major research instrumentation programs 
                established pursuant to section 7036 of the America 
                COMPETES Act (42 U.S.C. 1862o-14); and
                    (G) low-income scholarship program established 
                pursuant to section 414(d) of the American 
                Competitiveness and Workforce Improvement Act of 1998 
                (42 U.S.C. 1869c).
            (7) Industry partnerships.--In carrying out the activities 
        under this section, the Director shall encourage awardees to 
        partner with industry and other private sector organizations to 
        facilitate the expansion of workforce pipelines and enable 
        access to industry-standard equipment and software for use in 
        undergraduate and graduate microelectronics education programs.
            (8) Interagency coordination.--In carrying out activities 
        under this section, the Director shall collaborate with the 
        Subcommittee on Microelectronics Leadership of the National 
        Science and Technology Council, established in subsection (a) of 
        section 9906 of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense 
        Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 and the National 
        Semiconductor Technology Center established in subsection (c) of 
        section 9906 of such Act, and other relevant Federal agencies to 
        maintain the effectiveness of microelectronics workforce 
        development activities across the agencies.

    (b) National Network for Microelectronics Education.--
            (1) <<NOTE: Coordination.>>  In general.--The Director, in 
        coordination with the Secretary of Commerce, shall on a 
        competitive, merit-reviewed basis, make awards to institutions 
        of higher education and non-profit organizations (or consortia 
        of such institutions and organizations) to establish 
        partnerships to enhance and broaden participation in 
        microelectronics education.
            (2) Activities.--Awards made under this subsection shall be 
        used for the following:
                    (A) To conduct training and education activities 
                funded by awards under paragraph (1) and in coordination 
                with the Network Coordination Hub established in 
                paragraph (3), including curricula design, development, 
                dissemination, and assessment, and the sharing of 
                information and best practices across the network of 
                awardees.
                    (B) To develop regional partnerships among 
                associate-degree-granting colleges, bachelor-degree-
                granting institutions, workforce development programs, 
                labor organizations, and industry to create a diverse 
                national technical workforce trained in microelectronics 
                and ensure education and training is meeting the 
                evolving needs of industry.
                    (C) To develop local workforce pipelines that align 
                with capacity investments made by industry and the 
                Federal government, including vocational and high school 
                training programs, community college degrees and 
                certificates, veteran post service opportunities, and 
                mentoring.

[[Page 136 STAT. 1535]]

                    (D) To facilitate partnerships with employers, 
                employer consortia or other private sector organizations 
                that offer apprenticeships, internships, or applied 
                learning experiences in the field of microelectronics.
                    (E) To develop shared infrastructure available to 
                institutions of higher education, two-year colleges, and 
                private organizations to enable experiential learning 
                activities and provide physical or digital access to 
                training facilities and industry-standard tools and 
                processes.
                    (F) To create and disseminate public outreach to 
                support awareness of microelectronics education and 
                career opportunities, including through outreach to 
                PreK-12 schools and STEM-related organizations.
                    (G) <<NOTE: Coordination.>>  To collaborate and 
                coordinate with industry and existing public and private 
                organizations conducting microelectronics education and 
                workforce development activities, as practicable.
            (3) Network coordination hub.--The Director shall make an 
        award on a competitive, merit-reviewed basis to an institution 
        of higher education or nonprofit organization (or a consortium 
        thereof) to establish a national network of partnerships 
        (referred to in this section as the ``National Network for 
        Microelectronics Education'') to coordinate activities, best 
        practice sharing, and access to facilities across the 
        partnerships established in accordance with paragraph (1).
            (4) Incentivizing participation.--To the extent practicable, 
        the Director shall encourage participation in the National 
        Network for Microelectronics Education through the coordination 
        of activities and distribution of awards described in subsection 
        (a).
            (5) Partnerships.--The Director shall encourage the 
        submission of proposals that are led by historically Black 
        colleges and universities, Tribal Colleges or Universities, and 
        minority-serving institutions or that include partnerships with 
        or among such institutions to increase the recruitment of 
        students from groups historically underrepresented in STEM to 
        pursue graduate studies in microelectronics.
            (6) <<NOTE: Requirement. Proposals.>>  Outreach.--In 
        addition to any other requirements as determined appropriate by 
        the Director, the Director shall require that proposals for 
        awards under this section shall include a description of how the 
        applicant will develop and implement outreach activities to 
        increase the participation of women and other students from 
        groups historically underrepresented in STEM.
            (7) Coordination across foundation programs.--In carrying 
        out the activities under this section, the Director shall ensure 
        awardees coordinate with, and avoid unnecessary duplication of, 
        the activities carried out under this Section with the 
        activities of the 21st Century Nanotechnology Research and 
        Development Act (Public Law 108-153), the National Quantum 
        Initiative Act (Public Law 115-368), and Division E of the 
        William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act 
        for Fiscal Year 2021, and other related programs, as 
        appropriate.
            (8) Interagency coordination.--In carrying out activities 
        under this section, the Director shall collaborate with the 
        Subcommittee on Microelectronics Leadership of the National

[[Page 136 STAT. 1536]]

        Science and Technology Council, established in subsection (a) of 
        section 9906 of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense 
        Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 and the National 
        Semiconductor Technology Center established in subsection (c) of 
        section 9906 of such Act.
SEC. 10319. INCORPORATION OF ART AND DESIGN INTO CERTAIN STEM 
                            EDUCATION.

    (a) National Science Foundation Authorization Act.--Section 9(a) of 
the National Science Foundation Authorization Act of 2002 (42 U.S.C. 
1862n(a)) is amended in paragraph (3)--
            (1) in subparagraph (M), by striking ``and'' at the end;
            (2) by redesignating subparagraph (N) as subparagraph (O); 
        and
            (3) after subparagraph (M), by inserting the following new 
        subparagraph:
                    ``(N) developing science, technology, engineering, 
                and mathematics educational curriculum that incorporates 
                art and design to promote creativity and innovation; 
                and''.

    (b) STEM Education Act [Log 169 H10304(k)].--Section 3 of the STEM 
Education Act of 2015 (42 U.S.C. 1862q) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)--
                    (A) in paragraph (2), by striking ``and'' at the 
                end;
                    (B) in paragraph (3), by striking the period and 
                inserting ``; and''; and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(4) the integration of art and design in STEM educational 
        programs.''; and
            (2) in subsection (b)--
                    (A) in paragraph (3), by striking ``and'' at the 
                end;
                    (B) in paragraph (4), by striking the period and 
                inserting ``; and''; and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(5) design and testing of programming that integrates art 
        and design in STEM education to promote creativity and 
        innovation.''.
SEC. 10320. <<NOTE: 42 USC 18998.>>  MANDATORY COST-SHARING.

    (a) Waiver.--The cost-sharing requirements under section 7036(c) of 
the America Creating Opportunities to Meaningfully Promote Excellence in 
Technology, Education, and Science Act (42 U.S.C. 1862o-14(c)) for the 
Major Research Instrumentation Program and under section 10A(i) of the 
National Science Foundation Authorization Act of 2002 (42 U.S.C. 1862n-
1a(i)) for teaching fellowships administered within the Robert Noyce 
Teacher Scholarship Program are waived for a period of 5 years following 
the date of enactment of this Act.
    (b) <<NOTE: Deadline.>>  Assessment.--Not later than 5 years 
following the date of enactment of this Act, the Director shall submit 
to Congress an assessment, that includes feedback from the research 
community, of the impacts of the waivers provided under subsection (a), 
including--
            (1) programmatic and scientific goals;
            (2) institutional commitment and stewardship of Federal 
        resources;
            (3) institutional strategic planning and administrative 
        burden;
            (4) equity among recipient institutions; and

[[Page 136 STAT. 1537]]

            (5) <<NOTE: Recommenda- tions.>>  recommendations for or 
        against extending or making permanent such waivers.
SEC. 10321. <<NOTE: 42 USC 18999.>>  PROGRAMS TO ADDRESS THE STEM 
                            WORKFORCE.

    (a) In General.--The Director shall issue undergraduate 
scholarships, including at community colleges, graduate fellowships and 
traineeships, postdoctoral awards, and, as appropriate, other awards, to 
address STEM workforce gaps, including for programs that recruit, 
retain, and advance students to a bachelor's degree in a STEM discipline 
concurrent with a secondary school diploma, such as through existing and 
new partnerships with State educational agencies.
    (b) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  Postdoctoral Professional Development.--
In carrying out this section, the Director shall encourage innovation in 
postdoctoral professional development, support the development and 
diversity of the STEM workforce, and study the impacts of such 
innovation and support. To do so, the Director may use postdoctoral 
awards established under subsection (a) or leveraged under subsection 
(d)(1) for fellowships or other temporary rotational postings of not 
more than 2 years. Such fellowships or temporary rotational postings 
shall be awarded--
            (1) to qualified individuals who have a doctoral degree and 
        received such degree not earlier than 5 years before the date 
        that the fellowship or temporary rotational posting begins; and
            (2) to carry out research at Federal, State, local, and 
        Tribal government research facilities.

    (c) Direct Hire Authority.--
            (1) In general.--The head of any Federal agency may appoint, 
        without regard to the provisions of subchapter I of chapter 33 
        of title 5, United States Code, other than sections 3303 and 
        3328 of that title, a qualified candidate described in paragraph 
        (2) directly to a position in the competitive service with the 
        Federal agency for which the candidate meets Office of Personnel 
        Management qualification standards.
            (2) Fellowship or temporary rotational posting.--Paragraph 
        (1) applies with respect to a former recipient of an award under 
        this subsection who--
                    (A) earned a doctoral degree in a STEM field from an 
                institution of higher education; and
                    (B) successfully fulfilled the requirements of the 
                fellowship or temporary rotational posting within a 
                Federal agency.
            (3) <<NOTE: Deadline.>>  Limitation.--The direct hire 
        authority under this subsection shall be exercised with respect 
        to a specific qualified candidate not later than 2 years after 
        the date that the candidate completed the requirements related 
        to the fellowship or temporary rotational posting described 
        under this subsection.

    (d) Existing Programs.--In carrying out this section, the Director 
may leverage existing programs, including programs that issue--
            (1) postdoctoral awards;
            (2) graduate fellowships and traineeships, inclusive of the 
        NSF Research Traineeships and fellowships awarded under the 
        Graduate Research Fellowship Program;
            (3) scholarships, research experiences, and internships, 
        including--

[[Page 136 STAT. 1538]]

                    (A) scholarships to attend community colleges; and
                    (B) research experiences and internships under 
                sections 513, 514, and 515 of the America COMPETES 
                Reauthorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 1862p-5; 1862p-6; 
                42 U.S.C. 1862p-7); and
            (4) awards to institutions of higher education to enable the 
        institutions to fund innovation in undergraduate and graduate 
        education, increased educational capacity, and the development 
        and establishment of new or specialized programs of study for 
        graduate, undergraduate, or technical college students, and the 
        evaluation of the effectiveness of the programs of study.

                  Subtitle C--Broadening Participation

SEC. 10321. PRESIDENTIAL AWARDS FOR EXCELLENCE IN MATHEMATICS AND 
                            SCIENCE.

    (a) In General.--Section 117(a) of the National Science Foundation 
Authorization Act of 1988 (42 U.S.C. 1881b(a)) is amended--
            (1) in subparagraph (B)--
                    (A) by striking ``108'' and inserting ``110'';
                    (B) by striking clause (iv);
                    (C) in clause (v), by striking the period at the end 
                and inserting ``; and'';
                    (D) by redesignating clauses (i), (ii), (iii), and 
                (v) as subclauses (I), (II), (III), and (IV), 
                respectively, and moving the margins of such subclauses 
                (as so redesignated) two ems to the right; and
                    (E) by striking ``In selecting teachers'' and all 
                that follows through ``two teachers--'' and inserting 
                the following:
                    ``(C) In selecting teachers for an award authorized 
                by this subsection, the President shall select--
                          ``(i) at least two teachers--''; and
            (2) in subparagraph (C), as so designated by paragraph 
        (1)(E) of this subsection, by adding at the end the following:
                          ``(ii) at least one teacher--
                                    ``(I) from the Commonwealth of the 
                                Northern Mariana Islands;
                                    ``(II) from American Samoa;
                                    ``(III) from the Virgin Islands of 
                                the United States; and
                                    ``(IV) from Guam.''.

    (b) <<NOTE: Applicability. 42 USC 1881b note.>>  Effective Date.--
The amendments made by subsection (a) shall apply with respect to awards 
made on or after the date of the enactment of this Act.
SEC. 10322. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19011.>>  ROBERT NOYCE TEACHER 
                            SCHOLARSHIP PROGRAM UPDATE.

    (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that over the 
next five years the Foundation should increase the number of 
scholarships awarded under the Robert Noyce Teacher Scholarship program 
established under section 10 of the National Science Foundation 
Authorization Act of 2002 (42 U.S.C. 1862n-1) by 50 percent.

[[Page 136 STAT. 1539]]

    (b) Outreach.--To increase the diversity of participants, the 
Director shall support symposia, forums, conferences, and other 
activities to expand and enhance outreach to--
            (1) historically Black colleges and universities;
            (2) Tribal Colleges or Universities;
            (3) minority-serving institutions;
            (4) institutions of higher education that are located near 
        or serve rural communities, including EPSCoR institutions;
            (5) labor organizations;
            (6) emerging research institutions; and
            (7) higher education programs that serve or support 
        veterans.
SEC. 10323. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19012.>>  NSF EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON 
                            INCLUDES INITIATIVE.

    (a) In General.--The Director shall make awards, on a competitive 
basis, to institutions of higher education or non-profit organizations 
(or consortia of such institutions or organizations) to carry out a 
comprehensive national initiative to facilitate the development of 
networks and partnerships to build on and scale up effective practices 
in broadening participation in STEM studies and careers of groups 
historically underrepresented in such studies and careers.
    (b) Change of Name.--The initiative under subsection (a) shall be 
known as the ``Eddie Bernice Johnson Inclusion across the Nation of 
Communities of Learners of Underrepresented Discoverers in Engineering 
and Science Initiative'' or the ``Eddie Bernice Johnson INCLUDES 
Initiative''.
SEC. 10324. <<NOTE: Requirement. Contracts. Plan. 42 USC 19013.>>  
                            BROADENING PARTICIPATION ON MAJOR 
                            FACILITIES AWARDS.

    The Director shall require organizations seeking a cooperative 
agreement for the management of the operations and maintenance of a 
Foundation project to demonstrate prior experience and current 
capabilities in or to have a plan for employing best practices in 
broadening participation in science and engineering and ensure 
implementation of such practices is considered in oversight of the 
award.
SEC. 10325. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19014.>>  EXPANDING GEOGRAPHIC AND 
                            INSTITUTIONAL DIVERSITY IN RESEARCH.

    (a) Continuing Support for EPSCoR .--
            (1) Sense of congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
                    (A) because maintaining the Nation's scientific and 
                economic leadership requires the participation of 
                talented individuals nationwide, EPSCoR investments into 
                State research and education capacities are in the 
                Federal interest and should be sustained;
                    (B) EPSCoR should maintain its experimental 
                component by supporting innovative methods for improving 
                research capacity and competitiveness; and
                    (C) the Director should carry out this subsection 
                while maintaining or increasing proposal success rates 
                at emerging research institutions throughout the United 
                States and without precluding access to awards for such 
                institutions.
            (2) Update of epscor.--Section 517(f)(2) of the America 
        COMPETES Reauthorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 1862p-9(f)(2)) 
        is amended--

[[Page 136 STAT. 1540]]

                    (A) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``and'' at the 
                end; and
                    (B) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(C) to increase the capacity of rural communities 
                to provide quality STEM education and STEM workforce 
                development programming to students, and teachers; 
                and''.
            (3) <<NOTE: Time periods.>>  Geographic diversity and 
        inclusion.--
                    (A) In general.--To the maximum extent practicable, 
                not less than--
                          (i) 15.5 percent in fiscal year 2023,
                          (ii) 16 percent in fiscal year 2024,
                          (iii) 16.5 percent in fiscal year 2025,
                          (iv) 17 percent in fiscal year 2026,
                          (v) 18 percent in fiscal year 2027,
                          (vi) 19 percent in fiscal year 2028, and
                          (vii) 20 percent in fiscal year 2029,
                of the amounts appropriated to the Foundation for 
                research and related activities, and science, 
                mathematics, and engineering education and human 
                resources programs and activities, excluding those 
                amounts made available for polar research and operations 
                support (and operations and maintenance of research 
                facilities), shall be awarded to EPSCoR institutions.
                    (B) Scholarships.--To the maximum extent 
                practicable, not less than--
                          (i) 16 percent in fiscal year 2023,
                          (ii) 18 percent in fiscal year 2024, and
                          (iii) 20 percent in each of fiscal years 2025 
                      through 2029,
                of the amounts appropriated to the Foundation for 
                scholarships (including at community colleges), graduate 
                fellowships and traineeships, and postdoctoral awards 
                shall be used to support EPSCoR institutions.
                    (C) Considerations.--The Director shall consider 
                prioritizing funding and activities that enable 
                sustainable growth in the competitiveness of EPSCoR 
                jurisdictions, including--
                          (i) infrastructure investments to build 
                      research capacity in EPSCoR jurisdictions;
                          (ii) scholarships, fellowships, and 
                      traineeships within new and existing programs, to 
                      promote the development of sustainable research 
                      and academic personnel;
                          (iii) partnerships between eligible 
                      organizations in EPSCoR and non-EPSCoR 
                      jurisdictions, to develop administrative, grant 
                      management, and proposal writing capabilities in 
                      EPSCoR jurisdictions;
                          (iv) capacity building activities for emerging 
                      research institutions, historically Black colleges 
                      and universities, Tribal Colleges or Universities, 
                      and minority serving institutions, consistent with 
                      this section and section 10524 of this division; 
                      and
                          (v) leveraging the Partnerships for Innovation 
                      program, as well as the Foundation coordination 
                      role in the Department of Commerce technology and 
                      innovation hub program under section 28 of the 
                      Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980 
                      as added

[[Page 136 STAT. 1541]]

                      by section 10621, to build sustainable innovation 
                      ecosystems in EPSCoR jurisdictions.
                    (D) Merit review.--The Director shall achieve the 
                percentages specified in this paragraph to the maximum 
                extent practicable, consistent with the National Science 
                Foundation merit review process.
                    (E) Consortia.--In the case of an award to a 
                consortium, the Director may count the entire award 
                toward meeting the funding requirements of subparagraph 
                (A) if the lead entity of the consortium is located in 
                an EPSCoR institution
                    (F) Annual reporting.--Beginning with the fiscal 
                year 2023, the Director shall submit to Congress a 
                report describing--
                          (i) the Foundation's implementation of this 
                      paragraph;
                          (ii) progress in building research capacity, 
                      including both infrastructure and personnel, in 
                      EPSCoR jurisdictions, including at historically 
                      Black colleges and universities, Tribal Colleges 
                      or Universities, minority-serving institutions, 
                      and emerging research institutions; and
                          (iii) if the Foundation does not meet the 
                      requirement described in subparagraph (A), an 
                      explanation relating thereto and a plan for 
                      compliance in the following fiscal year and 
                      remediation.
                    (G) Analysis and sustainability report.--Not later 
                than December 31, 2026, the Director shall submit to 
                Congress a report containing an analysis of the impacts 
                of the requirements under subparagraphs (A) and (B). The 
                report shall include--
                          (i) an analysis of how the requirements under 
                      this paragraph affected the balance of total 
                      funding awarded by the Foundation to states and 
                      territories across the United States;
                          (ii) an analysis of any changes in award 
                      success and total funding awarded to Historically 
                      black colleges and universities, Tribal Colleges 
                      or Universities, minority-serving institutions, 
                      and emerging research institutions between the 
                      date of enactment and December 31, 2026;
                          (iii) an analysis of the gains in academic 
                      research capacity, quality, and competitiveness 
                      and in science and technology human resource 
                      development in EPSCoR jurisdictions made between 
                      the enactment of this Act and December 31, 2026;
                          (iv) <<NOTE: Assessment.>>  an assessment of 
                      EPSCoR eligibility criteria and determination on 
                      whether new eligibility criteria should be 
                      developed based on the findings from clauses (i), 
                      (ii), and (iii); and
                          (v) a plan to sustain and grow improvements in 
                      research capacity and competitiveness in EPSCoR 
                      jurisdictions.
                    (H) EPSCoR eligibility.--
                          (i) <<NOTE: Determination.>>  In general.--The 
                      Director shall ensure eligibility for current 
                      EPSCoR jurisdictions for five years from the date 
                      of enactment of this Act, after which

[[Page 136 STAT. 1542]]

                      the Director shall determine whether new 
                      eligibility criteria should be developed based on 
                      the findings in the report required under 
                      subparagraph (G).
                          (ii) Report.--Not later than December 31, 
                      2028, the Director shall report to Congress 
                      regarding any new eligibility criteria determined 
                      under clause (i), any changes to jurisdictional 
                      eligibility based on such criteria, and the 
                      necessity and practicality of continuing or 
                      modifying the requirement under subparagraph (A) 
                      given any such changes to eligibility. The report 
                      shall include an analysis of options to support 
                      regions in non-EPSCoR jurisdictions, adjacent to 
                      EPSCoR jurisdictions, that historically receive 
                      disproportionately low levels of funding from the 
                      Foundation, including, if appropriate, options to 
                      expand the EPSCoR program or to establish new 
                      programs.

    (b) Fostering Stem Research Diversity and Capacity Program.--
            (1) In general.--The Director shall make awards on a 
        competitive, merit-reviewed basis to eligible institutions to 
        implement and study innovative approaches for building research 
        capacity in order to engage and retain students from a range of 
        institutions and diverse backgrounds in STEM.
            (2) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  Eligible institution defined.--
        In this subsection the term ``eligible institution'' means an 
        institution of higher education that, according to the data 
        published by the National Center for Science and Engineering 
        Statistics, is not, on average, among the top 100 institutions 
        in Federal research and development expenditures during the 3-
        year period prior to the year of the award.
            (3) Purpose.--The activities under this subsection shall be 
        focused on achieving simultaneous impacts at the student, 
        faculty, and institutional levels by increasing the research 
        capacity at eligible institutions and the number of 
        undergraduate and graduate students pursuing STEM degrees from 
        eligible institutions.
            (4) Requirements.--In carrying out this program, the 
        Director shall--
                    (A) require eligible institutions seeking funding 
                under this subsection to submit an application to the 
                Director at such time, in such manner, containing such 
                information and assurances as the Director may require. 
                The application shall include, at a minimum a 
                description of how the eligible institution plans to 
                sustain the proposed activities beyond the duration of 
                the award;
                    (B) require applicants to identify disciplines and 
                focus areas in which the eligible institution can excel, 
                and explain how the applicant will use the award to 
                build capacity to bolster the institutional research 
                competitiveness of eligible entities to support awards 
                made by the Foundation and increase regional and 
                national capacity in STEM;
                    (C) require the awards funded under this subsection 
                to support research and related activities, which may 
                include--
                          (i) development or expansion of research 
                      programs in disciplines and focus areas in 
                      subparagraph (B);

[[Page 136 STAT. 1543]]

                          (ii) faculty recruitment and professional 
                      development in disciplines and focus areas in 
                      subparagraph (B), including for early-career 
                      researchers;
                          (iii) stipends for undergraduate and graduate 
                      students participating in research in disciplines 
                      and focus areas in subparagraph (B);
                          (iv) acquisition of instrumentation necessary 
                      to build research capacity at an eligible 
                      institution in disciplines and focus areas in 
                      subparagraph (B);
                          (v) <<NOTE: Assessment.>>  an assessment of 
                      capacity-building and research infrastructure 
                      needs;
                          (vi) administrative research development 
                      support; and
                          (vii) other activities necessary to build 
                      research capacity; and
                    (D) require that no eligible institution should 
                receive more than $10,000,000 in any single year of 
                funds made available under this section.
            (5) Additional considerations.--In making awards under this 
        subsection, the Director may also consider--
                    (A) the extent to which the applicant will support 
                students from diverse backgrounds, including first-
                generation undergraduate students;
                    (B) the geographic and institutional diversity of 
                the applying institutions; and
                    (C) how the applicants can leverage public-private 
                partnerships and existing partnerships with Federal 
                Research Agencies.
            (6) Duplication.--The Director shall ensure the awards made 
        under this subsection are complementary and not duplicative of 
        existing programs.
            (7) <<NOTE: Assessments.>>  Report.--The Director shall 
        submit a report to Congress after the third year of the program 
        that includes--
                    (A) an assessment of the effectiveness of the 
                program for growing the geographic and institutional 
                diversity of institutions of higher education receiving 
                research awards from the Foundation;
                    (B) an assessment of the quality, quantity, and 
                geographic and institutional diversity of institutions 
                of higher education conducting Foundation- sponsored 
                research since the establishment of the program in this 
                subsection;
                    (C) an assessment of the quantity and diversity of 
                undergraduate and graduate students graduating from 
                eligible institutions with STEM degrees; and
                    (D) <<NOTE: Data.>>  statistical summary data on the 
                program, including the geographic and institutional 
                allocation of award funding, the number and diversity of 
                supported graduate and undergraduate students, and how 
                it contributes to capacity building at eligible 
                entities.
            (8) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  Authorization of 
        appropriations.--There is authorized to be appropriated to the 
        Director $150,000,000 for each of the fiscal years 2023 through 
        2027 to carry out the activities under this subsection.

    (c) Partnerships With Emerging Research Institutions.--
            (1) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  In general.--The Director shall 
        establish a five-year pilot program for awards to research 
        partnerships that involve

[[Page 136 STAT. 1544]]

        emerging research institutions and may involve institutions 
        classified as very high research activity by the Carnegie 
        Classification of Institutions of Higher Education at the time 
        of application.
            (2) Requirements.--In carrying out this program, the 
        Director shall--
                    (A) require that each proposal submitted by a multi-
                institution collaboration for an award, including those 
                under subtitle G of this title, that exceeds $1,000,000, 
                as appropriate, specify how the applicants will support 
                substantive, meaningful, sustainable, and mutually 
                beneficial partnerships with one or more emerging 
                research institutions;
                    (B) require recipients funded under this subsection 
                to direct no less than 35 percent of the total award to 
                one or more emerging research institutions;
                    (C) require recipients funded under this subsection 
                to report on the partnership activities as part of the 
                annual reporting requirements of the Foundation; and
                    (D) solicit feedback on the partnership directly 
                from partner emerging research institutions, in such 
                form as the Director deems appropriate.
            (3) Capacity building.--Funds awarded to emerging research 
        institutions under this subsection may be used to build research 
        capacity, including through support for faculty salaries and 
        training, field and laboratory research experiences for 
        undergraduate and graduate students, and maintenance and repair 
        of research equipment and instrumentation.
            (4) Report.--The Director shall submit a report to Congress 
        after the third year of the pilot program that includes--
                    (A) <<NOTE: Assessment.>>  an assessment, drawing on 
                feedback from the research community and other sources 
                of information, of the effectiveness of the pilot 
                program for improving the quality of partnerships with 
                emerging research institutions; and
                    (B) <<NOTE: Plan.>>  if deemed effective, a plan for 
                permanent implementation of the pilot program.
SEC. 10326. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19015.>>  DIVERSITY IN TECH RESEARCH.

    The Director shall make awards, on a competitive basis, to 
institutions of higher education or nonprofit organizations (or 
consortia of such institutions or organizations) to support basic, 
applied, and use-inspired research that yields a scientific evidence 
base for improving the design and emergence, development and deployment, 
and management and ultimate effectiveness of entities involved in 
technology research, including research related to diversity and 
inclusion in the technology sector.
SEC. 10327. <<NOTE: 42 USC 1916.>>  CHIEF DIVERSITY OFFICER OF THE 
                            NSF.

    (a) Chief Diversity Officer.--
            (1) Appointment.--The Director shall appoint a senior agency 
        official within the Office of the Director as a Chief Diversity 
        Officer.
            (2) Qualifications.--The Chief Diversity Officer shall have 
        significant experience, within the Federal Government and the 
        science community, with diversity- and inclusion-related 
        matters, including--
                    (A) civil rights compliance;

[[Page 136 STAT. 1545]]

                    (B) harassment policy, reviews, and investigations;
                    (C) equal employment opportunity; and
                    (D) disability policy.

    (b) Duties.--The Chief Diversity Officer is responsible for 
providing advice on policy, oversight, guidance, and coordination with 
respect to matters of the Foundation related to diversity and inclusion, 
including ensuring the geographic diversity of the Foundation programs. 
Other duties may include--
            (1) establishing and maintaining a strategic plan that 
        publicly states a diversity definition, vision, and goals for 
        the Foundation;
            (2) defining a set of strategic metrics that are--
                    (A) directly linked to key organizational priorities 
                and goals;
                    (B) actionable; and
                    (C) actively used to implement the strategic plan 
                under paragraph (1);
            (3) advising in the establishment of a strategic plan for 
        diverse participation by individuals and institutions of higher 
        education, including community colleges, historically Black 
        colleges and universities, Tribal Colleges or Universities, 
        minority serving institutions, institutions of higher education 
        with an established STEM capacity building program focused on 
        Native Hawaiians or Alaska Natives, and EPSCoR institutions);
            (4) advising in the establishment of a strategic plan for 
        outreach to, and recruiting from, untapped locations and 
        underrepresented populations;
            (5) advising on a diversity and inclusion strategy for the 
        Foundation's portfolio of PreK-12 STEM education focused 
        programs and activities, including goals for addressing barriers 
        to participation;
            (6) advising on the application of the Foundation's broader 
        impacts review criterion; and
            (7) performing such additional duties and exercise such 
        powers as the Director may prescribe.

    (c) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  Authorization of Appropriations.--To 
carry out this section, there are authorized to be appropriated 
$5,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2023 through 2027.
SEC. 10328. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19017.>>  RESEARCH AND DISSEMINATION TO 
                            INCREASE THE PARTICIPATION OF WOMEN 
                            AND UNDERREPRESENTED MINORITIES IN 
                            STEM FIELDS.

    (a) In General.--The Director shall make awards on a competitive, 
merit-reviewed basis, to institutions of higher education or non-profit 
organizations (or consortia of such institutions or organizations), to 
enable such entities to increase the participation of women and 
underrepresented minorities in STEM studies and careers.
    (b) Use of Funds.--An eligible entity that receives an award under 
this subsection shall use such award funds to carry out one or more of 
the following activities designed to increase the participation of women 
or minorities historically underrepresented in STEM, or both:
            (1) Research to analyze the record-level data collected 
        under sections 10502 and 10504, consistent with policies to 
        ensure the privacy of individuals identifiable by such data.

[[Page 136 STAT. 1546]]

            (2) Research to study best practices for work-life 
        accommodation.
            (3) Research to study the impact of policies and practices 
        that are implemented or are otherwise consistent with the 
        purposes of this section.
            (4) Mentoring programs that facilitate engagement of STEM 
        professionals with students.
            (5) Research experiences for undergraduate and graduate 
        students in STEM fields.
            (6) Outreach to elementary school and secondary school 
        students to provide opportunities to increase their exposure to 
        STEM fields.

    (c) Dissemination Activities.--The Director shall carry out 
dissemination activities consistent with the purposes of this section, 
including--
            (1) collaboration with other Federal research agencies and 
        professional associations to exchange best practices, harmonize 
        work-life accommodation policies and practices, and overcoming 
        common barriers to work-life accommodation; and
            (2) collaboration with institutions of higher education in 
        order to clarify and catalyze the adoption of a coherent and 
        consistent set of work-life accommodation policies and 
        practices.

    (d) <<NOTE: Time periods.>>  Authorization of Appropriations.--There 
are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section $5,000,000 
for each of fiscal years 2023, 2024, 2025, 2026, and 2027.
SEC. 10329. ACTIVITIES TO EXPAND STEM OPPORTUNITIES.

    (a) National Science Foundation Support for Increasing Diversity 
Among Stem Faculty at Institutions of Higher Education.--Section 305 of 
the American Innovation and Competitiveness Act (42 U.S.C. 1862s-5) is 
amended--
            (1) by redesignating subsections (e) and (f) as subsections 
        (g) and (h), respectively; and
            (2) by inserting after subsection (d) the following:

    ``(e) Support for Increasing Diversity Among Stem Faculty at 
Institutions of Higher Education.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Director of the Foundation shall make 
        awards to institutions of higher education (or consortia 
        thereof) for the development and assessment of innovative reform 
        efforts designed to increase the recruitment, retention, and 
        advancement of individuals from underrepresented minority groups 
        in academic STEM careers, which may include implementing or 
        expanding successful evidence-based practices.
            ``(2) Merit review; competition.--Awards shall be made under 
        this subsection on a merit-reviewed, competitive basis.
            ``(3) Use of funds.--Activities supported by awards under 
        this subsection may include--
                    ``(A) <<NOTE: Assessments. Data.>>  institutional 
                assessment activities, such as data analyses and policy 
                review, in order to identify and address specific issues 
                in the recruitment, retention, and advancement of 
                faculty members from underrepresented minority groups;
                    ``(B) <<NOTE: Assessments.>>  assessments of 
                distribution of mentoring and advising responsibilities 
                among faculty, particularly for faculty from 
                underrepresented minority groups, that may detract from 
                time spent on research, publishing papers, and other 
                activities required to achieve tenure status or

[[Page 136 STAT. 1547]]

                promotion (or equivalents for non-tenure track faculty) 
                and run a productive research program;
                    ``(C) <<NOTE: Assessment.>>  development and 
                assessment of training courses for administrators and 
                search committee members designed to ensure unbiased 
                evaluation of candidates from underrepresented minority 
                groups;
                    ``(D) development and hosting of intra- or inter-
                institutional workshops to propagate best practices in 
                recruiting, retaining, and advancing faculty members 
                from underrepresented minority groups;
                    ``(E) professional development opportunities for 
                faculty members from underrepresented minority groups;
                    ``(F) activities aimed at making undergraduate STEM 
                students from underrepresented minority groups aware of 
                opportunities for academic careers in STEM fields; and
                    ``(G) activities to identify and engage exceptional 
                graduate students and postdoctoral researchers from 
                underrepresented minority groups at various stages of 
                their studies and to encourage them to enter academic 
                careers.
            ``(4) Selection process.--
                    ``(A) Application.--An institution of higher 
                education (or a consortium of such institutions) seeking 
                funding under this subsection shall submit an 
                application to the Director of the Foundation at such 
                time, in such manner, and containing such information 
                and assurances as such Director may require. The 
                application shall include, at a minimum, a description 
                of--
                          ``(i) the reform effort that is being proposed 
                      for implementation by the institution of higher 
                      education;
                          ``(ii) any available evidence of specific 
                      difficulties in the recruitment, retention, and 
                      advancement of faculty members from 
                      underrepresented minority groups in STEM academic 
                      careers within the institution of higher education 
                      submitting an application, and how the proposed 
                      reform effort would address such issues;
                          ``(iii) support for the proposed reform effort 
                      by administrators of the institution, which may 
                      include details on previous or ongoing reform 
                      efforts;
                          ``(iv) how the proposed reform effort may 
                      contribute to change in institutional culture and 
                      policy such that a greater value is placed on the 
                      recruitment, retention, and advancement of faculty 
                      members from underrepresented minority groups;
                          ``(v) how the institution of higher education 
                      submitting an application plans to sustain the 
                      proposed reform effort beyond the duration of the 
                      award, if the effort proved successful; and
                          ``(vi) how the success and effectiveness of 
                      the proposed reform effort will be evaluated and 
                      assessed in order to contribute to the national 
                      knowledge base about models for catalyzing 
                      institutional change.
                    ``(B) Award distribution.--The Director of the 
                Foundation shall ensure, to the extent practicable, that 
                awards under this section are made to a variety of types 
                of institutions of higher education.

[[Page 136 STAT. 1548]]

            ``(5) Authorization of appropriations.--There are authorized 
        to be appropriated to carry out this subsection $8,000,000 for 
        each of fiscal years 2023 through 2027.''.

    (b) National Science Foundation Support for Broadening Participation 
in Undergraduate Stem Education.--Section 305 of the American Innovation 
and Competitiveness Act (42 U.S.C. 1862s-5), as amended by subsection 
(b), is further amended by inserting after subsection (e) the following:
    ``(f) Support for Broadening Participation in Undergraduate Stem 
Education.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Director of the Foundation shall make 
        awards to institutions of higher education (or a consortium of 
        such institutions) to implement or expand research-based reforms 
        in undergraduate STEM education for the purpose of recruiting 
        and retaining students from minority groups who are 
        underrepresented in STEM fields.
            ``(2) Merit review; competition.--Awards shall be made under 
        this subsection on a merit-reviewed, competitive basis.
            ``(3) Use of funds.--Activities supported by awards under 
        this subsection may include--
                    ``(A) implementation or expansion of innovative, 
                research-based approaches to broaden participation of 
                underrepresented minority groups in STEM fields;
                    ``(B) implementation or expansion of successful, 
                research-based bridge, cohort, tutoring, or mentoring 
                programs, including those involving community colleges 
                and technical schools, designed to enhance the 
                recruitment and retention of students from 
                underrepresented minority groups in STEM fields;
                    ``(C) implementation or expansion of outreach 
                programs linking institutions of higher education and 
                PreK-12 school systems in order to heighten awareness 
                among precollege students from underrepresented minority 
                groups of opportunities in college-level STEM fields and 
                STEM careers;
                    ``(D) implementation or expansion of faculty 
                development programs focused on improving retention of 
                undergraduate STEM students from underrepresented 
                minority groups;
                    ``(E) implementation or expansion of mechanisms 
                designed to recognize and reward faculty members who 
                demonstrate a commitment to increasing the participation 
                of students from underrepresented minority groups in 
                STEM fields;
                    ``(F) expansion of successful reforms aimed at 
                increasing the number of STEM students from 
                underrepresented minority groups beyond a single course 
                or group of courses to achieve reform within an entire 
                academic unit, or expansion of successful reform efforts 
                beyond a single academic unit or field to other STEM 
                academic units or fields within an institution of higher 
                education;
                    ``(G) expansion of opportunities for students from 
                underrepresented minority groups to conduct STEM 
                research in industry, at Federal labs, and at 
                international research institutions or research sites;
                    ``(H) provision of stipends for students from 
                underrepresented minority groups participating in 
                research;

[[Page 136 STAT. 1549]]

                    ``(I) development of research collaborations between 
                research-intensive universities and primarily 
                undergraduate historically Black colleges and 
                universities, Tribal Colleges or Universities, and 
                minority serving institutions;
                    ``(J) support for graduate students and postdoctoral 
                fellows from underrepresented minority groups to 
                participate in instructional or assessment activities at 
                primarily undergraduate institutions, including 
                primarily undergraduate historically Black colleges and 
                universities, Tribal Colleges or Universities, and 
                minority serving institutions and 2-year institutions of 
                higher education; and
                    ``(K) other activities consistent with paragraph 
                (1), as determined by the Director of the Foundation.
            ``(4) Selection process.--
                    ``(A) Application.--An institution of higher 
                education (or a consortium thereof) seeking an award 
                under this subsection shall submit an application to the 
                Director of the Foundation at such time, in such manner, 
                and containing such information and assurances as such 
                Director may require. The application shall include, at 
                a minimum--
                          ``(i) a description of the proposed reform 
                      effort;
                          ``(ii) a description of the research findings 
                      that will serve as the basis for the proposed 
                      reform effort or, in the case of applications that 
                      propose an expansion of a previously implemented 
                      reform, a description of the previously 
                      implemented reform effort, including data about 
                      the recruitment, retention, and academic 
                      achievement of students from underrepresented 
                      minority groups;
                          ``(iii) evidence of an institutional 
                      commitment to, and support for, the proposed 
                      reform effort, including a long-term commitment to 
                      implement successful strategies from the current 
                      reform beyond the academic unit or units included 
                      in the award proposal;
                          ``(iv) a description of how the proposed 
                      reform effort may contribute to, or in the case of 
                      applications that propose an expansion of a 
                      previously implemented reforms has contributed to, 
                      change in institutional culture and policy such 
                      that a greater value is placed on the recruitment, 
                      retention and academic achievement of students 
                      from underrepresented minority groups;
                          ``(v) a description of existing or planned 
                      institutional policies and practices regarding 
                      faculty hiring, promotion, tenure, and teaching 
                      assignment that reward faculty contributions to 
                      improving the education of students from 
                      underrepresented minority groups in STEM; and
                          ``(vi) how the success and effectiveness of 
                      the proposed reform effort will be evaluated and 
                      assessed in order to contribute to the national 
                      knowledge base about models for catalyzing 
                      institutional change,
                    ``(B) Award distribution.--The Director of the 
                Foundation shall ensure, to the extent practicable, that 
                awards under this subsection are made to a variety of 
                types of institutions of higher education, including 
                historically Black colleges and universities, Tribal 
                Colleges or

[[Page 136 STAT. 1550]]

                Universities, minority serving institutions, and 2-year 
                institutions of higher education.
            ``(5) Education research.--
                    ``(A) In general.--All awards made under this 
                subsection shall include an education research component 
                that will support the design and implementation of a 
                system for data collection and evaluation of proposed 
                reform efforts in order to build the knowledge base on 
                promising models for increasing recruitment and 
                retention of students from underrepresented minority 
                groups in STEM education at the undergraduate level 
                across a diverse set of institutions.
                    ``(B) Dissemination.--The Director of the Foundation 
                shall coordinate with the Committee on STEM Education of 
                the National Science and Technology Council in 
                disseminating the results of the research under this 
                paragraph to ensure that best practices in broadening 
                participation in STEM education at the undergraduate 
                level are made readily available to all institutions of 
                higher education, other Federal agencies that support 
                STEM programs, non-Federal funders of STEM education, 
                and the general public.
            ``(6) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  Authorization of 
        appropriations.--There are authorized to be appropriated to 
        carry out this subsection $15,000,000 for each of fiscal years 
        2023 through 2027.''.
SEC. 10330. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19018.>>  INTRAMURAL EMERGING RESEARCH 
                            INSTITUTIONS PILOT PROGRAM.

    (a) <<NOTE: Determination.>>  Establishment.--The Director may 
conduct multiple pilot programs, including through existing programs or 
other programs authorized in this division or division A, within the 
Foundation to expand the number of institutions of higher education 
(including such institutions that are community colleges), and other 
eligible entities that the Director determines appropriate, that are 
able to successfully compete for Foundation awards.

    (b) Components.--Pilot programs under this section may include--
            (1) a mentorship program;
            (2) award application writing technical assistance;
            (3) targeted outreach, including to a historically Black 
        college or university, a Tribal college or university, or a 
        minority-serving institution (including a Hispanic-serving 
        institution or an institution of higher education with an 
        established STEM capacity building program focused on Native 
        Hawaiians or Alaska Natives);
            (4) programmatic support or solutions for institutions or 
        entities that do not have an experienced award management 
        office;
            (5) an increase in the number of award proposal reviewers 
        from institutions of higher education that have not 
        traditionally received funds from the Foundation; or
            (6) an increase of the term and funding, for a period of 3 
        years or less, as appropriate, for awards with a first-time 
        principal investigator, when paired with regular mentoring on 
        the administrative aspects of award management.

    (c) Limitation.--As appropriate, each pilot program under this 
section shall work to reduce administrative burdens for recipients and 
award personnel.

[[Page 136 STAT. 1551]]

    (d) <<NOTE: Deadline.>>  Agency-wide Programs.--Not later than 5 
years after the date of enactment of this Act, the Director shall--
            (1) <<NOTE: Review.>>  review the results of the pilot 
        programs under this section; and
            (2) develop agencywide best practices from the pilot 
        programs for implementation across the Foundation, in order to 
        fulfill the requirement under section 3(e) of the National 
        Science Foundation Act of 1950 (42 U.S.C. 1862(e)).

                    Subtitle D--NSF Research Security

SEC. 10331. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19031.>>  OFFICE OF RESEARCH SECURITY 
                            AND POLICY.

    The Director shall maintain a Research Security and Policy office 
within the Office of the Director with not fewer than four full-time 
equivalent positions, in addition to the Chief of Research Security 
established pursuant to section 10332. The functions of the Research 
Security and Policy office shall be to coordinate all research security 
policy issues across the Foundation, including by--
            (1) consulting and coordinating with the Foundation Office 
        of Inspector General, with other Federal research agencies, and 
        intelligence and law enforcement agencies, and the National 
        Science and Technology Council, as appropriate, in accordance 
        with the authority provided under section 1746 of the National 
        Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2020 (Public Law 116-
        92; 42 U.S.C. 6601 note), to identify and address potential 
        security risks that threaten research integrity and other risks 
        to the research enterprise and to develop research security 
        policy and best practices, taking into account the policy 
        guidelines to be issued by the Director of the Office of Science 
        and Technology Policy under section 10631 of this division;
            (2) serving as a resource at the Foundation for all issues 
        related to the security and integrity of the conduct of 
        Foundation-supported research;
            (3) conducting outreach and education activities for 
        recipients on research policies and potential security risks and 
        on policies and activities to protect intellectual property and 
        information about critical technologies relevant to national 
        security, consistent with the controls relevant to the grant or 
        award;
            (4) educating Foundation program managers and other 
        directorate staff on evaluating Foundation awards and recipients 
        for potential security risks;
            (5) communicating reporting and disclosure requirements to 
        recipients and applicants for funding;
            (6) performing risk assessments, in consultation, as 
        appropriate, with other Federal agencies, of Foundation 
        proposals and awards using analytical tools to assess 
        nondisclosures of required information;
            (7) establishing policies and procedures for identifying, 
        communicating, and addressing security risks that threaten the 
        integrity of Foundation-supported research and development, 
        working in consultation, as appropriate, with other Federal 
        agencies, to ensure compliance with National Security

[[Page 136 STAT. 1552]]

        Presidential Memorandum-33 (relating to strengthening 
        protections of United States Government-supported research and 
        development against foreign government interference and 
        exploitation) or a successor policy document; and
            (8) in accordance with relevant policies of the agency, 
        conducting or facilitating due diligence with regard to 
        applications for research and development awards from the 
        Foundation prior to making such awards.
SEC. 10332. <<NOTE: Appointment. 42 USC 19032.>>  CHIEF OF 
                            RESEARCH SECURITY.

     The Director shall appoint a senior agency official within the 
Office of the Director as a Chief of Research Security, whose primary 
responsibility shall be to manage the office established under section 
10331.
SEC. 10333. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19033.>>  REPORTING TO CONGRESS.

    (a) Report on Resource Needs.--Not later than 180 days after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, the Director shall provide a report 
to the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of 
Representatives, the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation 
of the Senate, the Committee on Appropriations of the House of 
Representatives, and the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate on 
the resources and the number of full time employees needed to carry out 
the functions of the office established in section 10331.
    (b) Annual Report on Office Activities.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than one year after the date of 
        the enactment of this Act and annually thereafter, the Director 
        shall submit to Congress a report on the activities carried out 
        by the Office of Research Security, detailing--
                    (A) a description of the activities conducted by the 
                Office, including administrative actions taken;
                    (B) <<NOTE: Recommenda- tions.>>  such 
                recommendations as the Director may have for legislative 
                or administrative action relating to improving research 
                security;
                    (C) identification and discussion of the gaps in 
                legal authorities that need to be improved to enhance 
                the security of institutions of higher education 
                performing research supported by the Foundation; and
                    (D) information on Foundation Inspector General 
                cases, as appropriate, relating to undue influence and 
                security threats to research and development activities 
                funded by the Foundation, including theft of property or 
                intellectual property relating to a project funded by 
                the Foundation at an institution of higher education.
            (2) <<NOTE: Classified information.>>  Form.--The report 
        submitted under paragraph (1) shall be submitted in both 
        unclassified and classified formats, as appropriate.
SEC. 10334. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19034.>>  ONLINE RESOURCE.

    The Director shall develop an online resource hosted on the 
Foundation's website containing up-to-date information, tailored for 
institutions and individual researchers, including--
            (1) an explanation of Foundation research security policies;
            (2) unclassified guidance on potential security risks that 
        threaten research integrity and other risks to the research 
        enterprise;

[[Page 136 STAT. 1553]]

            (3) examples of beneficial international collaborations and 
        how such collaborations differ from foreign government 
        interference efforts that threaten research integrity;
            (4) best practices for mitigating security risks that 
        threaten research integrity; and
            (5) additional reference materials, including tools that 
        assist organizations seeking Foundation funding and awardees in 
        information disclosure to the Foundation.
SEC. 10335. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19035.>>  RESEARCH AWARDS.

     The Director shall continue to make awards, on a competitive basis, 
to institutions of higher education or non-profit organizations (or 
consortia of such institutions or organizations) to support research on 
the conduct of research and the research environment, including research 
on research misconduct or breaches of research integrity and detrimental 
research practices.
SEC. 10336. <<NOTE: Coordination. Assessments. 42 USC 19036.>>  
                            AUTHORITIES.

    In addition to existing authorities for preventing waste, fraud, 
abuse, and mismanagement of Federal funds, the Director, acting through 
the Office of Research Security and Policy and in coordination with the 
Foundation's Office of Inspector General, shall have the authority to 
conduct risk assessments, including through the use of open-source 
analysis and analytical tools, of research and development award 
applications and disclosures to the Foundation.
SEC. 10337. RESPONSIBLE CONDUCT IN RESEARCH TRAINING.

     Section 7009 of the America Creating Opportunities to Meaningfully 
Promote Excellence in Technology, Education, and Science Act (42 U.S.C. 
1862o-1) is amended by--
            (1) striking ``and postdoctoral researchers'' and inserting 
        ``postdoctoral researchers, faculty, and other senior 
        personnel''; and
            (2) by striking the period and inserting the following: ``, 
        including--
            ``(1) mentor training and mentorship;
            ``(2) training to raise awareness of potential research 
        security threats; and
            ``(3) Federal export control, disclosure, and reporting 
        requirements.''.
SEC. 10338. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19037.>>  RESEARCH SECURITY AND 
                            INTEGRITY INFORMATION SHARING ANALYSIS 
                            ORGANIZATION.

    (a) <<NOTE: Contracts.>>  Establishment.--The Director shall enter 
into an agreement with a qualified independent organization to establish 
a research security and integrity information sharing analysis 
organization (referred to in this section as the ``RSI-ISAO''), which 
shall include members described in subsection (d) and carry out the 
duties described in subsection (b).

    (b) Duties.--The RSI-ISAO shall--
            (1) serve as a clearinghouse for information to help enable 
        the members and other entities in the research community to 
        understand the context of their research and identify improper 
        or illegal efforts by foreign entities to obtain research 
        results, know how, materials, and intellectual property;
            (2) develop a set of standard risk assessment frameworks and 
        best practices, relevant to the research community, to assess 
        research security risks in different contexts;

[[Page 136 STAT. 1554]]

            (3) share information concerning security threats and 
        lessons learned from protection and response efforts through 
        forums and other forms of communication;
            (4) provide timely reports on research security risks to 
        provide situational awareness tailored to the research and STEM 
        education community;
            (5) provide training and support, including through 
        webinars, for relevant faculty and staff employed by 
        institutions of higher education on topics relevant to research 
        security risks and response;
            (6) enable standardized information gathering and data 
        compilation, storage, and analysis for compiled incident 
        reports;
            (7) support analysis of patterns of risk and identification 
        of bad actors and enhance the ability of members to prevent and 
        respond to research security risks; and
            (8) take other appropriate steps to enhance research 
        security.

    (c) Funding.--The Foundation may provide initial funds toward the 
RSI-ISAO but shall seek to have the fees authorized in subsection (d)(2) 
cover the costs of operations at the earliest practicable time.
    (d) Membership.--
            (1) In general.--The RSI-ISAO shall serve and include 
        members representing institutions of higher education, nonprofit 
        research institutions, and small and medium-sized businesses.
            (2) Fees.--As soon as practicable, members of the RSI-ISAO 
        shall be charged an annual rate to enable the RSI-ISAO to cover 
        its costs. Rates shall be set on a sliding scale based on 
        research and development expenditures to ensure that membership 
        is accessible to a diverse community of stakeholders and ensure 
        broad participation. The RSI-ISAO shall develop a plan to 
        sustain the RSI-ISAO without Federal funding, as practicable.

    (e) Board of Directors.--The RSI-ISAO may establish a board of 
directors to provide guidance for policies, legal issues, and plans and 
strategies of the entity's operations. The board shall include a diverse 
group of stakeholders representing the research community, including 
academia, industry, and experienced research security administrators.
    (f) Stakeholder Engagement.--In establishing the RSI-ISAO under this 
section, the Director shall take necessary steps to ensure the services 
provided are aligned with the needs of the research community, including 
by--
            (1) convening a series of workshops or other multi-
        stakeholder events; or
            (2) <<NOTE: Federal Register, publication. Public 
        comments. Time period.>>  publishing a description of the 
        services the RSI-ISAO intends to provide and the requirements 
        for membership in the Federal Register and provide an 
        opportunity for submission of public comments for a period of 
        not less than 60 days.
SEC. 10339. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19038.>>  PLAN WITH RESPECT TO 
                            CONTROLLED INFORMATION AND BACKGROUND 
                            SCREENING.

    (a) <<NOTE: Deadline. Consultation.>>  In General.--Not later than 
180 days after the enactment of this Act, the Director, in consultation 
with the Director of National Intelligence and, as appropriate, other 
Federal agencies, shall develop a plan to--

[[Page 136 STAT. 1555]]

            (1) identify research areas supported by the Foundation, 
        including in the key technology focus areas, that may involve 
        access to controlled unclassified or classified information, 
        including in the key technology focus areas; and
            (2) exercise due diligence in granting access, as 
        appropriate, to the CUI or classified information identified 
        under paragraph (1) to individuals working on such research who 
        are employees of the Foundation or covered individuals on 
        research and development awards funded by the Foundation.

    (b) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Classified information.--The term ``classified 
        information'' means any information that has been determined 
        pursuant to Executive Order 13526, any predecessor or successor 
        order, or sections 1-274, 275-321, and 1001-3115 of the Atomic 
        Energy Act of 1954 (42 U.S.C. 2011-2021, 2022-2286i, 2296a-
        2297h-13) to require protection against unauthorized disclosure 
        and that is so designated.
            (2) Controlled unclassified information.--The term 
        ``controlled unclassified information'' or ``CUI'' means 
        information described as ``Controlled Unclassified Information'' 
        under Executive Order 13556 or any successor order, to require 
        protection against unauthorized disclosure and that is so 
        designated.
SEC. 10339A. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19039.>>  FOUNDATION FUNDING TO 
                              INSTITUTIONS HOSTING OR SUPPORTING 
                              CONFUCIUS INSTITUTES.

    (a) Confucius Institute Defined.--In this section the term 
``Confucius Institute'' means a cultural institute established as a 
partnership between a United States institution of higher education and 
a Chinese institution of higher education to promote and teach Chinese 
language and culture that is funded, directly or indirectly, by the 
Government of the People's Republic of China.
    (b) <<NOTE: Consultation. Determination.>>  Restrictions of 
Confucius Institutes.--Except as provided in subsection (d), none of the 
funds made available to the Foundation under this division or division 
A, or an amendment made by this division or division A, may be obligated 
or expended to an institution of higher education that maintains a 
contract or agreement between the institution and a Confucius Institute, 
unless the Director, after consultation with the National Academies, 
determines such a waiver is appropriate in accordance with subsection 
(c).

    (c) <<NOTE: Consultation.>>  Waiver.--The Director, after 
consultation with the National Academies, may issue a waiver for an 
institution of higher education that maintains a contract or agreement 
between the institution and a Confucius Institute if such contract or 
agreement includes clear provisions that--
            (1) protect academic freedom at the institution;
            (2) prohibit the application of any foreign law on any 
        campus of the institution;
            (3) grant full managerial authority of the Confucius 
        Institute to the institution, including full control over what 
        is being taught, the activities carried out, the research awards 
        that are made, and who is employed at the Confucius Institute; 
        and
            (4) prohibit co-location with the institution's Chinese 
        language, history, and cultural programs and require separate 
        promotional materials.

    (d) Special Rule.--

[[Page 136 STAT. 1556]]

            (1) In general.--Notwithstanding any other provision of this 
        section, this section shall not apply to an institution of 
        higher education if that institution has fulfilled the 
        requirements for a waiver from the Department of Defense as 
        described under section 1062 of the National Defense 
        Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (Public Law 116-283).
            (2) Exception.--Notwithstanding any other provision of this 
        section, the prohibition under subsection (b) shall not apply to 
        amounts provided to students as educational assistance.

    (e) <<NOTE: Applicability. Time period.>>  Effective Date.--The 
limitation under subsection (b) shall apply with respect to the first 
fiscal year that begins after the date that is two years after the date 
of the enactment of this Act and to any subsequent fiscal year subject 
to subsection (f).

    (f) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  Sunset.--This section shall cease to be 
effective on the date that is five years after the date of the enactment 
of this Act.
SEC. 10339B. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19040.>>  FOREIGN FINANCIAL SUPPORT.

    (a) <<NOTE: Time period. Summary.>>  In General.--The Director shall 
request, on an annual basis, from a recipient institution of higher 
education a disclosure, in the form of a summary document, from the 
institution, a foundation of the institution, and related entities such 
as any educational, cultural, or language entity, of the current 
financial support, the value of which is $50,000 or more, including 
gifts and contracts, received directly or indirectly from a foreign 
source (as such term is defined in section 117 of the Higher Education 
Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1011f(h)(2))) associated with a foreign country 
of concern.

    (b) <<NOTE: Time periods.>>  Records.--Each disclosure to the 
Director under this section shall be made on the condition that the 
institution will maintain a true copy of the relevant records subject to 
the disclosure requirement until the latest of--
            (1) the date that is four years after the date of the 
        agreement;
            (2) the date on which the agreement terminates; or
            (3) the last day of any period that applicable State public 
        record law requires a true copy of such agreement to be 
        maintained.

    (c) <<NOTE: Review.>>  Documentation.--Upon review of the 
disclosures under this section, the Director may request that a 
recipient institution provide true copies of any contracts, agreements, 
or documentation of financial transactions associated with disclosures 
made under this section.

    (d) <<NOTE: Coordination. Consultation. Determinations.>>  Office of 
the Inspector General.--The Director, acting through the Office of 
Research Security and Policy in coordination with the Foundation's 
Office of Inspector General and in consultation with the recipient 
institution, may reduce the award funding amount or suspend or terminate 
the award if the Director determines--
            (1) <<NOTE: Compliance.>>  such institution fails to comply 
        with the records retention requirement in subsection (b) or 
        fails to provide information requested under this section; or
            (2) the Chief of Research Security determines the 
        disclosures under this section indicate a threat to research 
        security.
SEC. 10339C. <<NOTE: Time period.>>  AUTHORIZATION OF 
                              APPROPRIATIONS.

    From any amounts appropriated for the Foundation for each of fiscal 
years 2023 through 2027, the Director shall allocate $6,000,000 to carry 
out the activities under this subtitle.

[[Page 136 STAT. 1557]]

                    Subtitle E--Fundamental Research

SEC. 10341. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19051.>>  BROADER IMPACTS.

    (a) <<NOTE: Deadline. Contracts. Recommenda- tions.>>  Assessment.--
Not later than 120 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the 
Director shall enter into an agreement with a qualified independent 
organization to assess how the Broader Impacts review criterion is 
applied across the Foundation and make recommendations for improving the 
effectiveness for meeting the goals established in section 526 of the 
America Creating Opportunities to Meaningfully Promote Excellence in 
Technology, Education, and Science Reauthorization Act of 2010 (42 
U.S.C. 1862p-14).

    (b) Activities.--The Director shall make awards on a competitive 
basis, to institutions of higher education or non-profit organizations 
(or consortia of such institutions or organizations) to support 
activities to increase the efficiency, effectiveness, and availability 
of resources for implementing the Broader Impacts review criterion, 
including--
            (1) training and workshops for program officers, merit 
        review panelists, award office administrators, faculty, and 
        students to improve understanding of the goals and the full 
        range of potential broader impacts available to researchers to 
        satisfy this criterion;
            (2) repositories and clearinghouses for sharing best 
        practices and facilitating collaboration; and
            (3) tools for evaluating and documenting societal impacts of 
        research.
SEC. 10342. SENSE OF CONGRESS.

    It is the sense of Congress that the Director should continue to 
identify opportunities to reduce the administrative burden on 
researchers.
SEC. 10343. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19052.>>  RESEARCH ETHICS.

    (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
            (1) a number of emerging areas of research have potential 
        ethical, social, safety, and security implications that might be 
        apparent as early as the basic research stage;
            (2) the incorporation of ethical, social, safety, and 
        security considerations into the research design and review 
        process for Federal awards, may help mitigate potential harms 
        before they happen;
            (3) the Foundation's agreement with the National Academies 
        to conduct a study and make recommendations with respect to 
        governance of research in emerging technologies is a positive 
        step toward accomplishing this goal; and
            (4) the Foundation should continue to work with stakeholders 
        to promote best practices for governance of research in emerging 
        technologies at every stage of research.

    (b) <<NOTE: Deadline. Revised proposal. Requirement.>>  
Incorporation of Ethics Considerations.--Drawing on stakeholder input, 
not later than 24 months after the date of enactment of this Act, the 
Director shall revise proposal instructions to require that ethical and 
societal considerations are to be included as part of a proposal for 
funding prior to making the award, where such considerations are 
applicable. <<NOTE: Evaluation. Review.>>  Such considerations shall be 
evaluated by the Director in the review of proposals, taking into 
account any relevant input from the peer-reviewers for the proposal, and 
shall factor into award decisions, as deemed necessary by

[[Page 136 STAT. 1558]]

the Director. When incorporating such considerations, proposers may 
include, as appropriate--
            (1)(A) any readily foreseeable or quantifiable risks to 
        society, including how the research could enable products, 
        technologies, or other outcomes that could intentionally or 
        unintentionally cause significant societal harm; or
            (B) an assertion that no readily foreseeable potential 
        ethical, social, safety, or security implications are apparent;
            (2) how technical or social solutions can mitigate such 
        risks and, as appropriate, a plan to implement such mitigation 
        measures; and
            (3) how partnerships and collaborations in the research can 
        help mitigate potential harm and amplify potential societal 
        benefits.

    (c) Guidance.--The Director shall solicit stakeholder input to 
develop clear guidance on what constitutes a readily foreseeable or 
quantifiable risk as described in subsection (b)(1), and to the extent 
practicable harmonize this policy with existing ethical policies or 
related requirements for human subjects.
    (d) Research.--The Director shall make awards, on a competitive 
basis, to institutions of higher education or non-profit organizations 
(or consortia of such institutions or organizations) to support--
            (1) <<NOTE: Assessment.>>  research to assess the potential 
        ethical and societal implications of Foundation- supported 
        research and products or technologies enabled by such research, 
        including the benefits and risks identified pursuant to 
        subsection (b)(1); and
            (2) <<NOTE: Verification.>>  the development and 
        verification of approaches to proactively mitigate foreseeable 
        risks to society, including the technical and social solutions 
        identified pursuant to subsection (b)(1).

    (e) Annual Report.--The Director shall encourage recipients to 
update their consideration of potential risks and benefits as 
appropriate as part of the annual reports required by all awardees under 
the award terms and conditions.
SEC. 10344. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19053.>>  RESEARCH REPRODUCIBILITY AND 
                            REPLICABILITY.

    (a) <<NOTE: Public information.>>  In General.--Consistent with 
existing Federal law for privacy, intellectual property, and security, 
the Director shall facilitate public access to research products, 
including data, software, and code, developed as part of Foundation-
supported projects.

    (b) Data Management Plans.--
            (1) <<NOTE: Requirement.>>  In general.--The Director shall 
        require that every proposal for funding for research include a 
        machine-readable data management plan that includes a 
        description of how the awardee will archive and preserve public 
        access to data, software, and code developed as part of the 
        proposed project.
            (2) Requirements.--In carrying out the requirement in 
        paragraph (1), the Director shall--
                    (A) provide necessary resources, including trainings 
                and workshops, to educate researchers and students on 
                how to develop and review high quality data management 
                plans;
                    (B) ensure program officers and merit review panels 
                are equipped with the resources and training necessary 
                to review the quality of data management plans; and

[[Page 136 STAT. 1559]]

                    (C) ensure program officers and merit review panels 
                treat data management plans as essential elements of 
                award proposals, where appropriate.

    (c) Open Repositories.--The Director shall--
            (1) <<NOTE: Consultation. Criteria.>>  consult with the 
        heads of other Federal research agencies, as appropriate, and 
        solicit input from the scientific community, to develop and 
        widely disseminate a set of criteria for trusted open 
        repositories to be used by Foundation-funded researchers, 
        accounting for discipline-specific needs and necessary 
        protections for sensitive information;
            (2) work with stakeholders to identify significant gaps in 
        available repositories meeting the criteria developed under 
        paragraph (1) and options for supporting the development of 
        additional or enhanced repositories;
            (3) make awards on a competitive basis to institutions of 
        higher education or non-profit organizations (or consortia of 
        such institutions or organizations) for the development, 
        upgrades, and maintenance of open data repositories that meet 
        the criteria developed under paragraph (1);
            (4) work with stakeholders and build on existing models, 
        where appropriate, to establish a single, public, web-based 
        point of access to help users locate repositories storing data, 
        software, and code resulting from or used in Foundation-
        supported projects;
            (5) <<NOTE: Procedures.>>  work with stakeholders to 
        establish the necessary policies and procedures and allocate the 
        necessary resources to ensure, as practicable, data underlying 
        published findings resulting from Foundation-supported projects 
        are deposited in repositories meeting the criteria developed 
        under paragraph (1) at the time of publication;
            (6) incentivize the deposition of data, software, and code 
        into repositories that meet the criteria developed under 
        paragraph (1); and
            (7) <<NOTE: Coordination.>>  coordinate with the scientific 
        publishing community and the heads of other relevant Federal 
        departments and agencies to support the development of voluntary 
        consensus standards around data archiving and sharing.

    (d) Research, Development, and Education.--The Director shall make 
awards, on a competitive basis to institutions of higher education or 
non-profit organizations (or consortia of such institutions or 
organizations) to--
            (1) support research and development of open source, 
        sustainable, usable tools and infrastructure that support 
        reproducibility for a broad range of studies across different 
        disciplines;
            (2) support research on computational reproducibility, 
        including the limits of reproducibility and the consistency of 
        computational results in the development of new computation 
        hardware, tools, and methods; and
            (3) support the education and training of students, faculty, 
        and researchers on computational methods, tools, and techniques 
        to improve the quality and sharing of data, code, and supporting 
        metadata to produce reproducible research.

[[Page 136 STAT. 1560]]

SEC. 10345. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19054.>>  CLIMATE CHANGE RESEARCH.

    The Director shall make awards, on a competitive basis, to 
institutions of higher education or non-profit organizations (or 
consortia of such institutions or organizations) to support research to 
improve our understanding of the climate system and related human and 
environmental systems.
SEC. 10346. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19055.>>  SOCIAL, BEHAVIORAL, AND 
                            ECONOMIC SCIENCES.

    The Director shall--
            (1) actively communicate opportunities and solicit proposals 
        for social, behavioral, and economic science researchers to 
        participate in cross-cutting and interdisciplinary programs, 
        including the Convergence Accelerator and agency priority 
        activities, and the Mid-Scale Research Infrastructure program; 
        and
            (2) ensure social, behavioral, and economic science 
        researchers are represented on relevant merit review panels for 
        such activities.
SEC. 10347. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19056.>>  MEASURING IMPACTS OF 
                            FEDERALLY FUNDED RESEARCH AND 
                            DEVELOPMENT.

    The Director shall make awards on a competitive, merit-reviewed 
basis to institutions of higher education or non-profit organizations 
(or consortia of such institutions or organizations) to support research 
and development of data, models, indicators, and associated analytical 
tools to improve our understanding of the impacts of Federally funded 
research on society, the economy, and the workforce, including domestic 
job creation.
SEC. 10348. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19057.>>  FOOD-ENERGY-WATER RESEARCH.

    The Director shall make awards on a competitive basis to 
institutions of higher education or non-profit organizations (or 
consortia of such institutions or organizations) to--
            (1) support research to significantly advance our 
        understanding of the food-energy-water system through 
        quantitative and computational modeling, including support for 
        relevant cyberinfrastructure;
            (2) develop real-time, cyber-enabled interfaces that improve 
        understanding of the behavior of food-energy-water systems and 
        increase decision support capability;
            (3) support research that will lead to innovative solutions 
        to critical food-energy-water system problems; and
            (4) grow the scientific workforce capable of studying and 
        managing the food-energy-water system, through education and 
        other professional development.
SEC. 10349. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19058.>>  BIOLOGICAL FIELD STATIONS AND 
                            MARINE LABORATORIES.

    The Director shall continue to support enhancing, repairing and 
maintaining research instrumentation, laboratories, telecommunications 
and housing at biological field stations and marine laboratories.
SEC. 10350. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19059.>>  SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY 
                            RESEARCH AND EDUCATION.

    In accordance with section 263 of the National Defense Authorization 
Act for Fiscal Year 2021, the Director shall carry out activities in 
support of sustainable chemistry, including--

[[Page 136 STAT. 1561]]

            (1) establishing a program to make awards, on a competitive 
        basis, to institutions of higher education or non-profit 
        organizations (or consortia of such institutions or 
        organizations) to support--
                    (A) individual investigators and teams of 
                investigators, including to the extent practicable, 
                early career investigators for research and development;
                    (B) collaborative research and development 
                partnerships among universities, industry, and non-
                profit organizations;
                    (C) integrating sustainable chemistry principles 
                into elementary, secondary, undergraduate, and graduate 
                chemistry and chemical engineering curriculum and 
                research training, as appropriate to that level of 
                education and training; and
            (2) incorporating sustainable chemistry into existing 
        Foundation research and development programs.
SEC. 10351. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19060.>>  RISK AND RESILIENCE RESEARCH.

    The Director shall make awards on a competitive basis to 
institutions of higher education or non-profit organizations (or 
consortia of such institutions or organizations) to advance knowledge of 
risk assessment and predictability and to support the creation of tools 
and technologies, including advancing data analytics and utilization of 
artificial intelligence, for increased resilience through--
            (1) improvements in our ability to understand, model, and 
        predict extreme events and natural hazards;
            (2) the creation of novel engineered systems solutions for 
        resilient complex infrastructures, particularly those that 
        address critical interdependence among infrastructures and 
        leverage the growing infusion of cyber-physical-social 
        components into the infrastructures;
            (3) development of equipment and instrumentation for 
        innovation in resilient engineered infrastructures;
            (4) multidisciplinary research on the behaviors individuals 
        and communities engage in to detect, perceive, understand, 
        predict, assess, mitigate, and prevent risks and to improve and 
        increase resilience; and
            (5) advancements in multidisciplinary wildfire science, 
        including those related to air quality impacts, human behavior, 
        and early detection and warning.
SEC. 10352. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19061.>>  UNMANNED AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS 
                            TECHNOLOGIES.

    In coordination with the Administrator of the Federal Aviation 
Administration and the Administrator of the National Aeronautics and 
Space Administration, the Director shall carry out a program of research 
and related activities related to unmanned aircraft system technologies, 
which may include a prize competition pursuant to section 24 of the 
Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 3719) and 
support for undergraduate and graduate curriculum development.
SEC. 10353. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19062.>>  ACCELERATING UNMANNED 
                            MARITIME SYSTEMS TECHNOLOGIES.

    (a) <<NOTE: Consultation.>>  In General.--In order to support 
advances in marine science, maritime domain awareness, and national 
security the Director, in consultation with the Under Secretary of 
Commerce

[[Page 136 STAT. 1562]]

for Oceans and Atmosphere and the Commandant of the Coast Guard, shall 
issue awards, on a competitive basis, to institutions of higher 
education or nonprofit organizations (or consortia of such institutions 
or organizations) to support research that will accelerate innovation to 
advance unmanned maritime systems for the purpose of providing greater 
maritime domain awareness to the Nation.

    (b) Coordination.--In implementing this section, the Director shall 
coordinate with the Coast Guard, the Department of Defense, the National 
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, and other Federal agencies, 
including those established under the Commercial Engagement Through 
Ocean Technology Act of 2018 (Public Law 115-394).
SEC. 10354. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19063.>>  LEVERAGING INTERNATIONAL 
                            EXPERTISE IN RESEARCH.

    The Director shall explore and advance opportunities for leveraging 
international capabilities and resources that align with the Foundation 
and United States research community priorities and have the potential 
to benefit United States prosperity, security, health, and well-being, 
including through binational research and development organizations and 
foundations and by sending teams of Foundation scientific staff for site 
visits of scientific facilities and agencies in other countries. The 
Director shall establish and implement policies, including through any 
research security training requirements, to mitigate the potential risks 
of such interactions, including risks to the protection of intellectual 
property and the risk of undue foreign influence on research.
SEC. 10355. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19064.>>  BIOLOGICAL RESEARCH 
                            COLLECTIONS.

    (a) In General.--The Director shall continue to support databases, 
tools, methods, and other activities that secure and improve existing 
physical and digital biological research collections, improve the 
accessibility of collections and collection-related data for research 
and educational purposes, develop capacity for curation and collection 
management, and to transfer ownership of collections that are 
significant to the biological research community, including to museums 
and universities.
    (b) <<NOTE: Consultation. Determination. Requirement.>>  Specimen 
Management Plan.--In consultation with other relevant Federal research 
agencies, and as the Director determines is appropriate, the Director 
shall require that proposals submitted to the Foundation for funding for 
research that involves collecting or generating specimens include, as 
part of the data management plan under section 10344, a description of 
how the specimens and associated data will be accessioned into and 
maintained in an established biological collection.

    (c) <<NOTE: Coordination. Establishment.>>  Action Center for 
Biological Collections.--In coordination with other relevant Federal 
research agencies, as appropriate, the Director shall make awards on a 
competitive basis to institutions of higher education or non-profit 
organizations (or consortia of such institutions or organizations) to 
facilitate coordination and data sharing among communities of practice 
for research, education, workforce training, evaluation, and business 
model development, including by establishing an Action Center for 
Biological Collections.

[[Page 136 STAT. 1563]]

SEC. 10356. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19065.>>  CLEAN WATER RESEARCH AND 
                            TECHNOLOGY ACCELERATION.

    The Director shall make awards on a competitive, merit-reviewed 
basis to institutions of higher education or non-profit organizations 
(or consortia of such institutions or organizations) to--
            (1) support transdisciplinary research to significantly 
        advance our understanding of water availability, quality, and 
        dynamics and the impact of human activity and a changing climate 
        on urban and rural water and wastewater systems, including in 
        low-income, underserved, and disadvantaged communities;
            (2) develop, pilot, and deploy innovative technologies, 
        systems, and other approaches to identifying and addressing 
        challenges that affect water availability, quality, and 
        security, including through direct engagement with affected 
        communities and partnerships with the private sector, State, 
        territorial, Tribal, and local governments, non-profit 
        organizations and water management professionals; and
            (3) grow the scientific workforce capable of studying and 
        managing water and wastewater systems and of conducting 
        wastewater surveillance, through education, training, and other 
        professional development.
SEC. 10357. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19066.>>  TECHNOLOGY AND BEHAVIORAL 
                            SCIENCE RESEARCH.

    (a) In General.--The Director shall make awards on a merit-reviewed, 
competitive basis for research and development to--
            (1) increase understanding of social media and consumer 
        technology access and use patterns and related mental health, 
        behavioral, and substance use disorder issues, particularly for 
        children and adolescents; and
            (2) explore the role of social media and consumer technology 
        in rising rates of mental health and substance use disorder 
        issues, including within communities experiencing long-term 
        economic distress.

    (b) <<NOTE: Consultation.>>  Coordination to Avoid Duplication.--In 
making awards under this subsection, the Director shall, for purposes of 
avoiding duplication of activities and research, consult, collaborate, 
and coordinate with the heads of other relevant Federal departments and 
agencies, including the Department of Health and Human Services.
SEC. 10358. MANUFACTURING RESEARCH AMENDMENT.

    Section 506(a) of the America COMPETES Reauthorization Act of 2010 
(42 U.S.C. 1862p-1(a)) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (5), by striking ``and'' at the end;
            (2) in paragraph (6)--
                    (A) by striking ``and'' before ``virtual 
                manufacturing''; and
                    (B) by striking the period at the end and inserting 
                ``; and artificial intelligence and machine learning; 
                and''; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(7) additive manufacturing, including new material 
        designs, complex materials, rapid printing techniques, and real-
        time process controls.''.

[[Page 136 STAT. 1564]]

SEC. 10359. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19067.>>  CRITICAL MINERALS MINING 
                            RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT.

    (a) Critical Minerals Mining Research and Development at the 
Foundation.--
            (1) In general.--In order to support supply chain 
        resiliency, the Director shall make awards, on a competitive 
        basis, to institutions of higher education or nonprofit 
        organizations (or consortia of such institutions or 
        organizations) to support basic research that will accelerate 
        innovation to advance critical minerals mining strategies and 
        technologies for the purpose of making better use of domestic 
        resources and eliminating national reliance on minerals and 
        mineral materials that are subject to supply disruptions.
            (2) Use of funds.--Activities funded by an award under this 
        section may include--
                    (A) advancing mining research and development 
                activities to develop new mapping and mining 
                technologies and techniques, including advanced critical 
                mineral extraction and production, separation, alloying, 
                or processing techniques and technologies that can 
                decrease energy intensity to improve existing or to 
                develop new supply chains of critical minerals, and to 
                yield more efficient, economical, and environmentally 
                benign mining practices;
                    (B) advancing critical mineral processing research 
                activities to improve separation, alloying, 
                manufacturing, or recycling techniques and technologies 
                that can decrease the energy intensity, waste, potential 
                environmental impact, and costs of those activities;
                    (C) conducting long-term earth observation of 
                reclaimed mine sites, including the study of the 
                evolution of microbial diversity at such sites;
                    (D) examining the application of artificial 
                intelligence for geological exploration of critical 
                minerals, including what size and diversity of data sets 
                would be required;
                    (E) examining the application of machine learning 
                for detection and sorting of critical minerals, 
                including what size and diversity of data sets would be 
                required;
                    (F) conducting detailed isotope studies of critical 
                minerals and the development of more refined geologic 
                models;
                    (G) improved understanding of the geological and 
                geochemical processes through which critical minerals 
                form and are concentrated into economically viable 
                deposits; or
                    (H) providing training and research opportunities to 
                undergraduate and graduate students to prepare the next 
                generation of mining engineers and researchers.
            (3) Existing programs.--The Director shall ensure awards 
        made under this subsection are complementary and not duplicative 
        of existing programs across the Foundation and Federal 
        Government.

    (b) Critical Materials Interagency Subcommittee.--
            (1) <<NOTE: Coordination.>>  In general.--The Critical 
        Minerals Subcommittee of the National Science and Technology 
        Council (referred to in this section as the ``Subcommittee''), 
        shall coordinate Federal science and technology efforts to 
        ensure secure, reliable, and environmentally sustainable 
        supplies of critical materials to the United States.

[[Page 136 STAT. 1565]]

            (2) Purposes.--The purposes of the Subcommittee shall be--
                    (A) to advise and assist the National Science and 
                Technology Council, including the Committee on Homeland 
                and National Security, on United States policies, 
                procedures, and plans as it relates to critical 
                materials, including--
                          (i) Federal research, development, and 
                      commercial application efforts to minimize the 
                      environmental impacts of methods for extractions, 
                      concentration, separation and purification of 
                      conventional, secondary, and unconventional 
                      sources of critical materials;
                          (ii) efficient use, substitution, and reuse of 
                      critical materials;
                          (iii) the critical materials workforce of the 
                      United States; and
                          (iv) United States private industry 
                      investments in innovation and technology transfer 
                      from federally funded science and technology;
                    (B) to identify emerging opportunities, stimulate 
                international cooperation, and foster the development of 
                secure and reliable supply chains of critical materials 
                and establish scenario modeling systems for supply 
                problems of critical materials and energy critical 
                materials;
                    (C) to ensure the transparency of information and 
                data related to critical materials; and
                    (D) to provide recommendations on coordination and 
                collaboration among the research, development, and 
                deployment programs and activities of Federal agencies 
                to promote a secure and reliable supply of critical 
                materials necessary to maintain national security, 
                economic well-being, public health, and industrial 
                production.
            (3) Responsibilities.--In carrying out this subsection, the 
        Subcommittee may, taking into account the findings and 
        recommendations of relevant advisory committees--
                    (A) provide recommendations on how Federal agencies 
                may improve the topographic, geologic, and geophysical 
                mapping of the United States and improve the 
                discoverability, accessibility, and usability of the 
                resulting and existing data, to the extent permitted by 
                law and subject to appropriate limitation for purposes 
                of privacy and security;
                    (B) assess the progress towards developing critical 
                materials recycling and reprocessing technologies, and 
                technological alternatives to critical materials;
                    (C) establish a mechanism for the coordination and 
                evaluation of Federal programs with critical material 
                needs, including Federal programs involving research and 
                development, in a manner that complements related 
                efforts carried out by the private sector and other 
                domestic and international agencies and organizations;
                    (D) examine options for accessing and developing 
                critical materials through investment and trade with our 
                allies and partners and provide recommendations;
                    (E) evaluate and provide recommendations to 
                incentivize the development and use of advances in 
                science and technology in the private industry;

[[Page 136 STAT. 1566]]

                    (F) assess the need for and make recommendations to 
                address the challenges the United States critical 
                materials supply chain workforce faces, including aging 
                and retiring personnel and faculty, and foreign 
                competition for United States talent;
                    (G) develop, and update as necessary, a strategic 
                plan to guide Federal programs and activities to enhance 
                scientific and technical capabilities across critical 
                material supply chains, including a roadmap that 
                identifies key research and development needs and 
                coordinates on-going activities for source 
                diversification, more efficient use, recycling, and 
                substitution for critical materials; as well as cross-
                cutting mining science, data science techniques, 
                materials science, manufacturing science and 
                engineering, computational modeling, and environmental 
                health and safety research and development;
                    (H) assess the need for, and make recommendations 
                concerning, the availability and adequacy of the supply 
                of technically trained personnel necessary for critical 
                materials research, development, extraction, and 
                industrial production, with a particular focus on the 
                problem of attracting and maintaining high-quality 
                professionals for maintaining an adequate supply of 
                energy critical materials; and
                    (I) report to the appropriate Congressional 
                committees on activities and findings under this 
                section.

    (c) Definitions of Critical Mineral and Critical Mineral or Metal.--
In this section, the terms ``critical mineral'' and ``critical mineral 
or metal'' include any host mineral of a critical mineral (within the 
meaning of those terms in section 7002 of title VII of division Z of the 
Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021 (Public Law 116-260)).
SEC. 10360. STUDY OF AI RESEARCH CAPACITY.

    (a) <<NOTE: Determination.>>  In General.--The Director shall 
conduct a study or support the development of a study by a qualified 
independent organization as determined by the Director, on artificial 
intelligence research capacity at United States institutions of higher 
education.

    (b) Study Contents.--The Director shall ensure that, at a minimum, 
the study under subsection (a) addresses the following topics:
            (1) Which universities are putting out significant peer-
        reviewed artificial intelligence research, including based on 
        quantity and number of citations.
            (2) For each of the universities described in paragraph (1), 
        what specific factors enable their AI research, including 
        computing power, data set availability, specialized curriculum, 
        faculty and graduate students, sources of Federal and non-
        Federal research funding, and industry and other partnerships.
            (3) Promising practices at universities described in 
        paragraph (1) for advancing diversity, equity, and inclusion in 
        AI research programs.
            (4) Geographic diversity across the country of universities 
        with the factors identified in paragraph (2).
            (5) How universities not included in paragraph (1) could 
        implement the factors in paragraph (2) to produce AI research, 
        as well as case studies that universities can look to as 
        examples

[[Page 136 STAT. 1567]]

        and potential pilot programs that the Federal Government could 
        develop or support to help universities produce AI research.

    (c) Workshops.--The Director may support workshops to help inform 
the study required under this subsection.
    (d) <<NOTE: Public information. Deadline.>>  Publication.--The 
Director shall ensure that the study carried out under this subsection 
is made publicly available not later than 12 months after the date of 
enactment of this Act.

    (e) Avoid Duplication.--The Director shall ensure that the 
activities carried out under this section are not duplicative of 
activities supported by other parts of the Foundation or other relevant 
Federal agencies, including but not limited to the activities of the 
National AI Research Resource Task Force.
SEC. 10361. <<NOTE: Advancing IoT for Precision Agriculture Act of 
                            2021. Research and development. 42 USC 
                            19068.>>  ADVANCING IOT FOR PRECISION 
                            AGRICULTURE CAPABILITIES ACT.

    (a) Short Title.--This section may be cited as the ``Advancing IoT 
for Precision Agriculture Act of 2021''.
    (b) Purpose.--It is the purpose of this section to promote 
scientific research and development opportunities for connected 
technologies that advance precision agriculture capabilities.
    (c) Foundation Directive on Agricultural Sensor Research.--In making 
awards under the sensor systems and networked systems programs of the 
Foundation, the Director shall include in consideration of portfolio 
balance research and development on sensor connectivity in environments 
of intermittent connectivity and intermittent computation--
            (1) to improve the reliable use of advance sensing systems 
        in rural and agricultural areas; and
            (2) that considers--
                    (A) direct gateway access for locally stored data;
                    (B) attenuation of signal transmission;
                    (C) loss of signal transmission; and
                    (D) at-scale performance for wireless power.

    (d) Updating Considerations for Precision Agriculture Technology 
Within the NSF Advanced Technical Education Program.--Section 3 of the 
Scientific and Advanced-Technology Act of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 1862i), as 
amended by section 10312, is further amended--
            (1) in subsection (d)(2), by adding at the end the 
        following:
                    ``(G) applications that incorporate distance 
                learning tools and approaches.''; and
            (2) in subsection (e)(3)--
                    (A) in subparagraph (C), by striking ``and'' after 
                the semicolon;
                    (B) in subparagraph (D), by striking the period at 
                the end and inserting ``; and''; and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(E) applications that incorporate distance 
                learning tools and approaches.''.

    (e) <<NOTE: Deadline.>>  GAO Review.--Not later than 18 months after 
the date of enactment of this section, the Comptroller General of the 
United States shall provide--
            (1) <<NOTE: Assessment.>>  a technology assessment of 
        precision agriculture technologies, such as the existing use 
        of--
                    (A) sensors, scanners, radio-frequency 
                identification, and related technologies that can 
                monitor soil properties, irrigation conditions, and 
                plant physiology;

[[Page 136 STAT. 1568]]

                    (B) sensors, scanners, radio-frequency 
                identification, and related technologies that can 
                monitor livestock activity and health;
                    (C) network connectivity and wireless communications 
                that can securely support digital agriculture 
                technologies in rural and remote areas;
                    (D) aerial imagery generated by satellites or 
                unmanned aerial vehicles;
                    (E) ground-based robotics;
                    (F) control systems design and connectivity, such as 
                smart irrigation control systems;
                    (G) Global Positioning System-based applications; 
                and
                    (H) data management software and advanced analytics 
                that can assist decision making and improve agricultural 
                outcomes; and
            (2) a review of Federal programs that provide support for 
        precision agriculture research, development, adoption, 
        education, or training, in existence on the date of enactment of 
        this section.
SEC. 10362. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19069.>>  ASTRONOMY AND SATELLITE 
                            CONSTELLATIONS.

    The Director shall support research into and the design, 
development, and testing of mitigation measures to address the potential 
impact of satellite constellations on Foundation scientific programs 
by--
            (1) making awards on a competitive basis to support study of 
        the potential impacts of satellite constellations on ground-
        based optical, infrared, and radio astronomy, including through 
        existing programs such Spectrum and Wireless Innovation enabled 
        by Future Technologies (SWIFT) and the Spectrum Innovation 
        Initiative;
            (2) supporting research on potential satellite impacts and 
        benefits and mitigation strategies to be carried out at one or 
        more Foundation supported Federally Funded Research and 
        Development Centers or major multiuser research facilities as 
        defined in section 110(g) of the American Innovation and 
        Competitiveness Act (42 U.S.C. 1862s-2(g)), as appropriate; and
            (3) supporting workshops related to the potential impact of 
        satellite constellations on scientific research and how those 
        constellations could be used to improve scientific research.
SEC. 10363. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19070.>>  RESEARCH ON THE IMPACT OF 
                            INFLATION.

    (a) In General.--The Director may make awards, on a competitive 
merit-reviewed basis, to institutions of higher education or nonprofit 
organizations (or consortia of such institutions or organizations) to 
support research to improve our understanding of the impact of 
inflation.
    (b) Use of Funds.--Activities funded by an award under this section 
may include--
            (1) measuring the economic impact of inflation on the 
        American people, including an analysis of cost-of-living and 
        wage impacts;
            (2) considering the impact of inflation on American 
        international competitiveness;
            (3) evaluating the impact of inflation on rural and 
        underserved communities throughout the country;

[[Page 136 STAT. 1569]]

            (4) assessing the ways inflation could impact future 
        American generations; and
            (5) evaluating the impact of policymaking on inflation, 
        including the impact of further Government spending.

    (c) Coordination to Avoid Duplication.--In making awards under this 
section, the Director shall, for purposes of avoiding duplication of 
activities and research, consult, collaborate, and coordinate with the 
programs and policies of other relevant Federal agencies.
SEC. 10364. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19071.>>  MICROGRAVITY UTILIZATION 
                            POLICY.

    (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that space 
technology and the utilization of the microgravity environment for 
science, engineering, and technology development is critical to long-
term competitiveness with near-peer competitors, including China.
    (b) Policy.--To the extent appropriate during an award period, the 
Foundation shall facilitate access by recipients of Foundation awards to 
the microgravity environment, including in private sector platforms, for 
the development of science, engineering, and technology relevant to the 
award.
    (c) Report.--Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of 
this Act, the Director shall provide to the appropriate committees of 
Congress a report on the Foundation's plan for facilitating awardee 
access to the microgravity environment.
SEC. 10365. RECOGNITION OF THE ARECIBO OBSERVATORY.

    (a) Findings.--Congress finds the following:
            (1) The Department of Defense began developing the Arecibo 
        Observatory located in Barrio Esperanza, Arecibo, Puerto Rico, 
        during the 1950s, and its characteristic instrument, a large 
        radio telescope of 305 meters in diameter was completed in 1963.
            (2) The facility was later owned by the National Science 
        Foundation, and supported by the National Aeronautics and Space 
        Administration and various university partners.
            (3) The Arecibo Observatory's 305-meter fixed spherical 
        radio telescope, was the world's largest single-dish radio 
        telescope until the Five-Hundred-Meter Aperture Spherical Radio 
        Telescope located in Gizhou, China, began observing in 2016.
            (4) The 305-meter radio telescope made unparalleled 
        contributions to the fields of radio astronomy, planetary, and 
        atmospheric sciences, and played a role in inspiring thousands 
        of students in Puerto Rico, the Nation, and the world to pursue 
        careers in STEM fields through the Arecibo Observatory Education 
        and Public Outreach Programs.
            (5) The radio telescope significantly advanced the field of 
        radio astronomy, including the first indirect detection of 
        gravitational waves, the first detection of extrasolar planets, 
        innumerable contributions to the field of time domain astronomy 
        and the study of the interstellar medium, and played a key role 
        in the search for extraterrestrial intelligence.
            (6) The Arecibo Observatory had the best planetary radar 
        system in the world, used by the National Aeronautics and Space 
        Administration for near-Earth object detection and was an 
        essential part of the agency's planetary defense program.

[[Page 136 STAT. 1570]]

            (7) The planetary radar at the Arecibo Observatory has 
        contributed fundamentally and significantly to the knowledge of 
        the solar system.
            (8) The Arecibo Observatory's Incoherent Scatter Radar and 
        supporting facilities have provided fundamental understanding of 
        the ionosphere and upper atmosphere, and the interface between 
        the atmosphere and space that protects the planet from solar 
        wind, meteors, and other potential threats.
            (9) December 1, 2021, marks the 1-year anniversary of the 
        uncontrolled collapse sustained by the radio telescope after a 
        series of cable failures in tower 4.

    (b) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that the 
Congress--
            (1) acknowledges the loss of the Arecibo Observatory's radio 
        telescope due to its collapse and its implications for the loss 
        of a unique world-class multidisciplinary science facility which 
        conducted research in the areas of space and atmospheric 
        sciences, radar astronomy and planetary sciences, astronomy, and 
        astrophysics;
            (2) acknowledges that the uncontrolled collapse of the 305-
        meter radio telescope represents a loss of astronomical 
        observation capabilities, scientific research and development, 
        planetary defense capabilities, and applied science capabilities 
        for the United States;
            (3) recognizes the rich scientific, educational, and 
        economic benefits that the Arecibo Telescope has made to the 
        people of Puerto Rico, the Nation, and the world;
            (4) recognizes the work and contributions made by the 
        thousands of dedicated staff who have supported the Arecibo 
        Observatory for close to 6 decades;
            (5) commends the National Science Foundation for convening a 
        virtual workshop in June 2021, to explore ideas for future 
        scientific and educational activities at the Arecibo 
        Observatory; and
            (6) encourages the National Science Foundation, in 
        consultation with other Federal agencies, to explore 
        opportunities for strengthening and expanding the role of the 
        Arecibo Observatory in Puerto Rico through education, outreach, 
        and diversity programs, and future research capabilities and 
        technology at the site.

                   Subtitle F--Research Infrastructure

SEC. 10371. <<NOTE: Time period. 42 USC 19081.>>  FACILITY 
                            OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE.

    (a) <<NOTE: Extension.>>  In General.--The Director shall continue 
the Facility Operation Transition pilot program for a total of 5 years.

    (b) Cost Sharing.--The Facility Operation Transition program shall 
provide funding for 10 to 50 percent of the operations and maintenance 
costs for major research facilities that are within the first five years 
of operation, where the share is determined based on--
            (1) the operations and maintenance costs of the major 
        research facility; and
            (2) the capacity of the managing directorate or division to 
        absorb such costs.

[[Page 136 STAT. 1571]]

    (c) Report.--After the fifth year of the pilot program, the Director 
shall transmit a report to Congress that includes--
            (1) <<NOTE: Assessment.>>  an assessment, that includes 
        feedback from the research community, of the effectiveness of 
        the pilot program for--
                    (A) supporting research directorates and divisions 
                in balancing investments in research grants and funding 
                for the initial operation and maintenance of major 
                facilities;
                    (B) incentivizing the development of new world-class 
                facilities;
                    (C) facilitating interagency and international 
                partnerships;
                    (D) funding core elements of multi-disciplinary 
                facilities; and
                    (E) supporting facility divestment costs; and
            (2) if deemed effective, a plan for permanent implementation 
        of the pilot program.
SEC. 10372. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19082.>>  REVIEWS.

    The Director shall periodically carry out reviews within each of the 
directorates and divisions to assess the cost and benefits of extending 
the operations of research facilities that have exceeded their planned 
operational lifespan.
SEC. 10373. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19083.>>  HELIUM CONSERVATION.

    (a) Major Research Instrumentation Support.--
            (1) In general.--The Director shall support, through the 
        Major Research Instrumentation program, proposal requests that 
        include the purchase, installation, operation, and maintenance 
        of equipment and instrumentation to reduce consumption of 
        helium.
            (2) <<NOTE: Waiver authority.>>  Cost sharing.--The Director 
        may waive the cost-sharing requirement for helium conservation 
        measures for non-Ph.D.-granting institutions of higher education 
        and Ph.D.-granting institutions of higher education that are not 
        ranked among the top 100 institutions receiving Federal research 
        and development funding, as documented by the National Center 
        for Science and Engineering Statistics.

    (b) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  Annual Report.--No later than 1 year 
after the date of enactment of this Act and annually for the subsequent 
two years, the Director shall submit an annual report to Congress on the 
use of funding awarded by the Foundation for the purchase and 
conservation of helium. The report should include--
            (1) the volume and price of helium purchased;
            (2) changes in pricing and availability of helium; and
            (3) any supply disruptions impacting a substantial number of 
        institutions.
SEC. 10374. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19084.>>  ADVANCED COMPUTING.

    (a) <<NOTE: Requirement.>>  Computing Needs.--To gather information 
about the computational needs of Foundation-funded projects, the 
Director shall require award proposals submitted to the Foundation, as 
appropriate, to include estimates of computational resource needs for 
projects that require use of advanced computing. The Director shall 
encourage and provide access to tools that facilitate the inclusion of 
these measures, including those identified in the 2016 National 
Academies report entitled ``Future Directions for NSF Advanced Computing 
Infrastructure to Support U.S. Science and Engineering in 2017-2020''.

[[Page 136 STAT. 1572]]

    (b) <<NOTE: Records. Publication. Time period.>>  Reports.--The 
Director shall document and publish every two years a summary of the 
amount and types of advanced computing capabilities that are needed to 
fully meet the Foundation's project needs as identified under subsection 
(a).

    (c) <<NOTE: Publication. Update. Time period.>>  Roadmap.--To set 
priorities and guide strategic decisions regarding investments in 
advanced computing capabilities, the Director shall develop, publish, 
and regularly update a 5-year advanced computing roadmap that--
            (1) describes the advanced computing resources and 
        capabilities that would fully meet anticipated project needs, 
        including through investments in the Mid-Scale Research 
        Infrastructure program and the Major Research Equipment and 
        Facilities Construction account;
            (2) draws on community input, information contained in 
        research proposals, allocation requests, insights from 
        Foundation-funded cyber-infrastructure operators, and 
        Foundation-wide information gathering regarding community needs;
            (3) considers computational needs of planned major 
        facilities;
            (4) reflects anticipated technology trends;
            (5) informs users and potential partners about future 
        facilities and services;
            (6) addresses the needs of groups historically 
        underrepresented in STEM and geographic regions with low 
        availability and high demand for advanced computing resources;
            (7) considers how Foundation-supported advanced computing 
        capabilities can be leveraged for activities through the 
        Directorate for Technology, Innovation, and Partnerships; and
            (8) <<NOTE: Update.>>  provides an update to Congress about 
        the level of funding necessary to fully meet computational 
        resource needs for the research community.

    (d) Securing American Research From Cyber Theft.--
            (1) Networking and information technology research and 
        development update.--Section 101(a)(1) of the High-Performance 
        Computing Act of 1991 (15 U.S.C. 5511) is amended--
                    (A) by moving the margins of subparagraph (D) and 
                each of subparagraphs (J) through (O) two ems to the 
                left;
                    (B) by redesignating subparagraphs (J) through (O) 
                as subparagraphs (K) through (P), respectively; and
                    (C) by inserting after subparagraph (I) the 
                following:
                    ``(J) provide for improving the security, 
                reliability, and resiliency of computing and networking 
                systems used by institutions of higher education and 
                other nonprofit research institutions for the 
                processing, storage and transmission of sensitive 
                federally funded research and associated data;''.
            (2) Computing enclave pilot program.--
                    (A) <<NOTE: Consultation.>>  In general.--The 
                Director, in consultation with the Director of the 
                National Institute of Standards and Technology and the 
                Secretary of Energy, and the heads of other relevant 
                Federal departments and agencies, shall establish a 
                pilot program to make awards to ensure the security of 
                federally supported research data and to assist regional 
                institutions of higher education and their researchers 
                in compliance with regulations regarding the

[[Page 136 STAT. 1573]]

                safeguarding of sensitive information and other relevant 
                regulations and Federal guidelines.
                    (B) Structure.--In carrying out the pilot program 
                established pursuant to subparagraph (A), the Director 
                shall select, for the development, installation, 
                maintenance, or sustainment of secure computing 
                enclaves, three institutions of higher education that 
                have an established graduate student program and a 
                demonstrated history of working with secure information, 
                consistent with appropriate security protocols.
                    (C) Regionalization.--
                          (i) In general.--In selecting universities 
                      pursuant to subparagraph (B), the Director shall 
                      give preference to institutions of higher 
                      education with the capability of serving other 
                      regional universities.
                          (ii) Geographic dispersal.--The enclaves 
                      should be geographically dispersed to better meet 
                      the needs of regional interests.
                    (D) Program elements.--The Director shall work with 
                institutions of higher education selected pursuant to 
                subparagraph (B) to--
                          (i) <<NOTE: Blueprint.>>  develop an approved 
                      design blueprint for compliance with Federal data 
                      protection protocols;
                          (ii) <<NOTE: Confidential list.>>  develop a 
                      comprehensive and confidential list, or a bill of 
                      materials, of each binary component of the 
                      software, firmware, or product that is required to 
                      deploy additional secure computing enclaves;
                          (iii) develop templates for all policies and 
                      procedures required to operate the secure 
                      computing enclave in a research setting;
                          (iv) develop a system security plan template; 
                      and
                          (v) develop a process for managing a plan of 
                      action and milestones for the secure computing 
                      enclave.
                    (E) <<NOTE: Review.>>  Sustainability.--In reviewing 
                applications for awards, the Director shall review and 
                consider plans and prospects of the applicant 
                institution of higher education to ensure long-term 
                sustainability of the computing enclave, beyond the 
                availability of Federal funds.
                    (F) Duration.--Subject to other availability of 
                appropriations, the pilot program established pursuant 
                to subparagraph (A) shall operate for not less than 3 
                years.
                    (G) Report.--
                          (i) In general.--The Director shall report to 
                      Congress not later than 6 months after the 
                      completion of the pilot program under subparagraph 
                      (A).
                          (ii) Contents.--The report required under 
                      clause (i) shall include--
                                    (I) <<NOTE: Assessment.>>  an 
                                assessment of the pilot program under 
                                subparagraph (A), including an 
                                assessment of the security benefits 
                                provided by such secure computing 
                                enclaves;
                                    (II) <<NOTE: Recommenda- tions.>>  
                                recommendations related to the value of 
                                expanding the network of secure 
                                computing enclaves; and
                                    (III) <<NOTE: Recommenda- tions.>>  
                                recommendations on the efficacy of the 
                                use of secure computing enclaves by 
                                other Federal

[[Page 136 STAT. 1574]]

                                agencies in a broader effort to expand 
                                security of Federal research.
                    (H) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  Authorization of 
                appropriations.--There is authorized to be appropriated 
                to the Director, $38,000,000 for fiscal years 2023 
                through 2025, to carry out the activities outlined in 
                this paragraph.
SEC. 10375. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19085.>>  NATIONAL SECURE DATA SERVICE.

    (a) <<NOTE: Consultation.>>  In General.--The Director, in 
consultation with the Director of the Office of Management and Budget 
and the interagency committee established under section 5103 of the 
National Artificial Intelligence Initiative Act of 2020 (15 U.S.C. 
9415), shall establish a demonstration project to develop, refine, and 
test models to inform the full implementation of the Commission on 
Evidence-Based Policymaking recommendation for a governmentwide data 
linkage and access infrastructure for statistical activities conducted 
for statistical purposes, as defined in chapter 35 of title 44, United 
States Code.

    (b) <<NOTE: Deadline.>>  Establishment.--Not later than one year 
after the date of enactment of this Act, the Director shall establish a 
National Secure Data Service demonstration project. The National Secure 
Data Service demonstration project shall be--
            (1) aligned with the principles, best practices, and 
        priority actions recommended by the Advisory Committee on Data 
        for Evidence Building, to the extent feasible; and
            (2) <<NOTE: Contracts.>>  operated directly by or via a 
        contract that is managed by the National Center for Science and 
        Engineering Statistics.

    (c) <<NOTE: Analysis. Reports.>>  Data.--In carrying out this 
section, the Director shall engage with Federal and State agencies to 
collect, acquire, analyze, report, and disseminate statistical data in 
the United States and other nations to support governmentwide evidence-
building activities consistent with the Foundations for Evidence-Based 
Policymaking Act of 2018.

    (d) Voluntary Participation.--Participation in the National Secure 
Data Service demonstration project by Federal and State agencies shall 
be voluntary.
    (e) Privacy and Confidentiality Protections.--If the Director issues 
a management contract under subsection (b), the recipient shall be 
designated as an ``agent'' under subchapter III of chapter 35 of title 
44, United States Code, with all requirements and obligations for 
protecting confidential information delineated in the Confidential 
Information Protection and Statistical Efficiency Act of 2018 and the 
Privacy Act of 1974.
    (f) Technology and Privacy Standards.--In carrying out this 
subsection, the Director shall--
            (1) consider application and use only of systems and 
        technologies that incorporate protection measures to reasonably 
        ensure confidential data and statistical products are protected 
        in accordance with obligations under subchapter III of chapter 
        35 of title 44, United States Code, including systems and 
        technologies that ensure--
                    (A) raw data and other sensitive inputs are not 
                accessible to recipients of statistical outputs from the 
                National Secure Data Service demonstration project;

[[Page 136 STAT. 1575]]

                    (B) no individual entity's data or information is 
                revealed by the National Secure Data Service 
                demonstration project platform to any other party in an 
                identifiable form;
                    (C) no information about the data assets used in the 
                National Secure Data Service demonstration project is 
                revealed to any other party, except as incorporated into 
                the final statistical output;
                    (D) the National Secure Data Service demonstration 
                project permits only authorized analysts to perform 
                statistical queries necessary to answer approved project 
                questions, and prohibits any other queries; and
                    (E) the National Secure Data Service demonstration 
                project conducts privacy risk assessments to minimize 
                the privacy risks to individual entities whose data has 
                been made available by a reporting entity, including 
                those privacy risks that could result from data breaches 
                of any system operated by the reporting entity, as well 
                as for determining approved project questions under 
                subparagraph (D) to minimize the privacy risks to 
                individuals affected by uses of the statistical output; 
                and
            (2) the National Secure Data Service demonstration project 
        shall implement reasonable measures commensurate with the risks 
        to individuals' privacy to achieve the outcomes under 
        subparagraphs (A) through (E) of paragraph (1), which may 
        include the appropriate application of privacy-enhancing 
        technologies and appropriate measures to minimize or prevent 
        reidentification risks consistent with any applicable guidance 
        or regulations issued under subchapter III of chapter 35 of 
        title 44, United States Code.

    (g) <<NOTE: Website.>>  Transparency.--The National Secure Data 
Service established under subsection (b) shall maintain a public website 
with up-to-date information on supported projects.

    (h) Report.--Not later than 2 years after the date of enactment of 
this Act, the National Secure Data Service demonstration project 
established under subsection (b) shall submit a report to Congress that 
includes--
            (1) a description of policies for protecting data, 
        consistent with applicable Federal law;
            (2) a comprehensive description of all completed or active 
        data linkage activities and projects;
            (3) <<NOTE: Assessment.>>  an assessment of the 
        effectiveness of the demonstration project for mitigating risks 
        and removing barriers to a sustained implementation of the 
        National Secure Data Service as recommended by the Commission on 
        Evidence-Based Policymaking; and
            (4) <<NOTE: Plan.>>  if deemed effective by the Director, a 
        plan for scaling up the demonstration project to facilitate data 
        access for evidence building while ensuring transparency and 
        privacy.

    (i) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  Authorization of Appropriations.--There 
are authorized to be appropriated to the Director to carry out this 
subsection $9,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2023 through 2027.

[[Page 136 STAT. 1576]]

  Subtitle G--Directorate for Technology, Innovation, and Partnerships

SEC. 10381. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19101.>>  ESTABLISHMENT.

    There is established within the Foundation the Directorate for 
Technology, Innovation, and Partnerships to advance research and 
development, technology development, and related solutions to address 
United States societal, national, and geostrategic challenges, for the 
benefit of all Americans.
SEC. 10382. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19102.>>  PURPOSES.

    The purposes of the Directorate established under section 10381 are 
to--
            (1) support use-inspired and translational research and 
        accelerate the development and use of federally funded research;
            (2) strengthen United States competitiveness by accelerating 
        the development of key technologies; and
            (3) grow the domestic workforce in key technology focus 
        areas, and expand the participation of United States students 
        and researchers in areas of societal, national, and geostrategic 
        importance, at all levels of education.
SEC. 10383. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19103.>>  ACTIVITIES.

    Subject to the availability of appropriated funds, the Director 
shall achieve the purposes described in section 10382 by making awards 
through the Directorate that--
            (1) support transformational advances in use-inspired and 
        translational research and technology development, including 
        through diverse funding mechanisms and models at different 
        scales, to include convergence accelerators and projects 
        designed to achieve specific technology metrics or objectives;
            (2) encourage the translation of research into innovations, 
        processes, and products, including by--
                    (A) engaging researchers on topics relevant to 
                United States societal, national, and geostrategic 
                challenges, including by educating researchers on 
                engaging with end users and the public;
                    (B) advancing novel approaches and reducing barriers 
                to technology transfer, including through intellectual 
                property frameworks between academia and industry, 
                nonprofit entities, venture capital communities, and 
                approaches to technology transfer for applications with 
                public benefit that may not rely on traditional 
                commercialization tools; and
                    (C) establishing partnerships that connect 
                researchers and research products to businesses, 
                accelerators, and incubators that enable research 
                uptake, prototype development and scaling, 
                entrepreneurial education, and the formation and growth 
                of new companies;
            (3) develop mutually-beneficial research and technology 
        development partnerships and collaborations among institutions 
        of higher education, including historically Black colleges and 
        universities, Tribal Colleges or Universities, minority-serving 
        institutions, emerging research institutions, EPSCoR 
        institutions, and nonprofit organizations, labor organizations,

[[Page 136 STAT. 1577]]

        businesses and other for-profit entities, Federal or State 
        agencies, local or Tribal governments, civil society 
        organizations, other Foundation directorates, national labs, 
        field stations and marine laboratories, and, as appropriate, 
        international entities and binational research and development 
        foundations and funds, excluding foreign entities of concern;
            (4) partner with other directorates and offices of the 
        Foundation for specific projects or research areas including--
                    (A) to pursue basic questions about natural, human, 
                and physical phenomena that could enable advances in the 
                challenges and key technology focus areas under section 
                10387;
                    (B) to study questions that could affect the design 
                (including human interfaces), safety, security, 
                operation, deployment, or the social and ethical 
                consequences of technologies and innovations in the 
                challenges and key technology focus areas under section 
                10387, including the development of technologies and 
                innovations that complement or enhance the abilities of 
                workers and impact of specific innovations on domestic 
                jobs and equitable opportunity; and
                    (C) to further the creation of a domestic workforce 
                capable of advancing, using, and adapting to the key 
                technology focus areas;
            (5) build capacity and infrastructure for use-inspired and 
        translational research at institutions of higher education 
        across the United States, including by making awards to support 
        administrative activities that advance development, operation, 
        integration, deployment, and sharing of innovation;
            (6) support the education, mentoring, and training of 
        undergraduate students, graduate students, and postdoctoral 
        researchers, to both advance use-inspired and translational 
        research and to address workforce challenges, through 
        scholarships, fellowships, and traineeships; and
            (7) identify social, behavioral, and economic drivers and 
        consequences of technological innovations that could enable 
        advances in the challenges and key technology focus areas under 
        section 10387.
SEC. 10384. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19104.>>  REQUIREMENTS.

    In carrying out the activities under the Directorate, the Director 
shall ensure the programmatic work of the Directorate and Foundation--
            (1) utilizes the full potential of the United States 
        workforce by avoiding undue geographic concentration of research 
        and development and education funding across the United States, 
        and encourages broader participation in the key technology focus 
        area workforce by populations historically underrepresented in 
        STEM; and
            (2) incorporates a worker perspective through participation 
        by labor organizations and workforce training organizations.
SEC. 10385. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19105.>>  ASSISTANT DIRECTOR.

    (a) <<NOTE: Appointment.>>  In General.--The Director shall appoint 
an Assistant Director responsible for the management of the Directorate 
established under this subtitle, in the same manner as other Assistant 
Directors of the Foundation are appointed.

[[Page 136 STAT. 1578]]

    (b) Qualifications.--The Assistant Director shall be an individual, 
who by reason of professional background and experience, is specially 
qualified to--
            (1) advise the Director on all matters pertaining to use-
        inspired and translational research, development, and 
        commercialization at the Foundation, including partnership with 
        the private sector and other users of Foundation funded 
        research; and
            (2) develop and implement the necessary policies and 
        procedures to promote a culture of use-inspired and 
        translational research within the Directorate and across the 
        Foundation and carry out the responsibilities under subsection 
        (c).

    (c) Responsibilities.--The responsibilities of the Assistant 
Director shall include--
            (1) advising the Director on all matters pertaining to use-
        inspired and translational research and development activities 
        at the Foundation, including effective practices for convergence 
        research, and the potential impact of Foundation research on 
        United States societal, national and geostrategic challenges;
            (2) identifying opportunities for and facilitating 
        coordination and collaboration, where appropriate, on use-
        inspired and translational research, development, adoption, and 
        commercialization--
                    (A) among the offices, directorates, and divisions 
                within the Foundation; and
                    (B) between the Foundation and stakeholders in 
                academia, the private sector, including non-profit 
                entities, labor organizations, Federal or State 
                agencies, and international entities, as appropriate;
            (3) ensuring that the activities carried out under this 
        subtitle do not substantially and unnecessarily duplicate 
        activities supported by other parts of the Foundation or other 
        relevant Federal agencies;
            (4) approving all new programs within the Directorate;
            (5) developing and testing diverse merit-review models and 
        mechanisms for selecting and providing awards for use-inspired 
        and translational research and development at different scales, 
        from individual investigator awards to large multi-institution 
        collaborations;
            (6) assessing the success of programs;
            (7) administering awards to achieve the purposes described 
        in section 10382; and
            (8) performing other such duties pertaining to the purposes 
        in section 10382 as are required by the Director.

    (d) Relationship to the Director.--The Assistant Director shall 
report to the Director.
    (e) Relationship to Other Programs.--No other directorate within the 
Foundation shall report to the Assistant Director.
SEC. 10386. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19106.>>  ADVISORY COMMITTEE.

    (a) <<NOTE: Assess. Recommenda- tions.>>  In General.--In accordance 
with the Federal Advisory Committee Act (5 U.S.C. App.) the Director 
shall establish an advisory committee to assess, and make 
recommendations regarding, the activities carried out under this 
subtitle.

    (b) Membership.--The advisory committee members shall--

[[Page 136 STAT. 1579]]

            (1) be individuals with relevant experience or expertise, 
        including individuals from industry and national labs, 
        educators, academic subject matter experts, including 
        individuals with knowledge of key technology focus areas and 
        their impact on United States national security and geostrategic 
        leadership, the technical and social dimensions of science and 
        technology, technology transfer experts, labor organizations, 
        representatives of civil society, and other nongovernmental 
        organizations; and
            (2) consist of at least 10 members broadly representative of 
        stakeholders, including no less than 3 members from the private 
        sector, none of whom shall be an employee of the Federal 
        Government, and no less than 1 member with significant expertise 
        in United States national security and economic competitiveness.

    (c) Responsibilities.--The Committee's responsibilities shall 
include--
            (1) reviewing and advising on activities carried out under 
        this subtitle;
            (2) proposing strategies for fulfilling the purposes in 
        section 10382;
            (3) proposing potential areas of research, particularly as 
        relevant to United States societal, national, and geostrategic 
        challenges; and
            (4) other relevant issues as determined by the Director.
SEC. 10387. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19107.>>  CHALLENGES AND FOCUS AREAS.

    (a) <<NOTE: Time period. Review. Update. List.>>  In General.--In 
consultation with the Assistant Director, the Board, and the interagency 
working group established under subtitle F of title VI, the Director 
shall identify, and annually review and update as appropriate, a list 
of--
            (1) not more than 5 United States societal, national, and 
        geostrategic challenges that may be addressed by technology to 
        guide activities under this subtitle; and
            (2) not more than 10 key technology focus areas to guide 
        activities under this subtitle.

    (b) Initial List of Societal, National, and Geostrategic 
Challenges.--The initial list of societal, national, and geostrategic 
challenges are the following:
            (1) United States national security.
            (2) United States manufacturing and industrial productivity.
            (3) United States workforce development and skills gaps.
            (4) Climate change and environmental sustainability.
            (5) Inequitable access to education, opportunity, or other 
        services.

    (c) Initial List of Key Technology Focus Areas.--The initial list of 
key technology focus areas are the following:
            (1) Artificial intelligence, machine learning, autonomy, and 
        related advances.
            (2) High performance computing, semiconductors, and advanced 
        computer hardware and software.
            (3) Quantum information science and technology.
            (4) Robotics, automation, and advanced manufacturing.
            (5) Natural and anthropogenic disaster prevention or 
        mitigation.

[[Page 136 STAT. 1580]]

            (6) Advanced communications technology and immersive 
        technology.
            (7) Biotechnology, medical technology, genomics, and 
        synthetic biology.
            (8) Data storage, data management, distributed ledger 
        technologies, and cybersecurity, including biometrics.
            (9) Advanced energy and industrial efficiency technologies, 
        such as batteries and advanced nuclear technologies, including 
        but not limited to for the purposes of electric generation 
        (consistent with section 15 of the National Science Foundation 
        Act of 1950 (42 U.S.C. 1874).
            (10) Advanced materials science, including composites 2D 
        materials, other next-generation materials, and related 
        manufacturing technologies.

    (d) Relationship Between United States Societal, National, and 
Geostrategic Challenges and Key Technology Focus Areas.--
            (1) <<NOTE: Evaluation.>>  In updating the list under 
        subsection (a)(1), the Director shall evaluate national and 
        global technology trends.
            (2) In updating the list under subsection (a)(2), the 
        Director shall consider the impact of the selected technologies 
        on United States societal, national, and geostrategic 
        challenges.
            (3) The list under subsection (a)(2) may, but is not 
        required to, align directly with the list under subsection 
        (a)(1).
            (4) Nothing under this section shall prevent the Director 
        from making limited investments in technologies or areas not 
        identified in subsection (a)(1) or subsection (a)(2).

    (e) <<NOTE: Coordination. Time period. Review. Update.>>  Review and 
Updates.--The Director, in coordination with the interagency working 
group established under subtitle F of title VI and in consultation with 
the Director of National Intelligence and the Director of the Federal 
Bureau of Investigation, shall annually review and update as 
appropriate, the list of key technology focus areas for purposes of this 
division. As part of the annual review, the Director--
            (1) shall consider input from relevant industries and 
        stakeholders;
            (2) may consider the challenges and recommendations 
        identified in the reports required by sections 206 and 206B of 
        the National Science and Technology Policy, Organization, and 
        Priorities Act of 1976, as added by section 10611 and 10613 of 
        this division and in other relevant reports, such as technology 
        and global trend reports from the defense and intelligence 
        communities;
            (3) shall consider the potential impact of the key 
        technology focus areas on addressing societal, national, and 
        geostrategic challenges; and
            (4) subject to the limitation under subsection (a), may add 
        or delete key technology focus areas in light of shifting 
        national needs or competitive threats to the United States 
        (including for reasons of the United States or other countries 
        having advanced or fallen behind in a technological area).

    (f) <<NOTE: Consultation.>>  Reporting.--At the conclusion of the 
annual review and update process required by subsection (e), the 
Director, in consultation with other Federal research agencies, as 
appropriate, shall deliver a report to Congress detailing--
            (1) the key technology focus areas and rationale for their 
        selection;

[[Page 136 STAT. 1581]]

            (2) the societal, national, and geostrategic challenges and 
        rationale for their selection;
            (3) the role of the Foundation in advancing the key 
        technology focus areas;
            (4) the impact, including to the academic research 
        community, of any changes to the key technology focus areas; and
            (5) the activities and partnerships between the Directorate 
        and the private sector.

    (g) Detailed Description.--The National Science Foundation shall, in 
coordination with the Office of Management and Budget, submit as part of 
their annual budget requests to Congress, a detailed description of the 
activities to be funded under this subtitle, including an explanation of 
how the requested funding is complementary and not redundant of 
programs, efforts, and infrastructure undertaken or supported by other 
relevant Federal agencies.
    (h) <<NOTE: Deadline. Contracts. Review. Assessments.>>  National 
Academies.--Not later than 5 years after the date of enactment of this 
Act, the Director shall contract with the National Academies to conduct 
a review of the key technology focus areas and the societal, national, 
and geostrategic challenges, including--
            (1) an assessment of their selection process;
            (2) an assessment of their relevance to the purposes of the 
        Directorate, including to solving challenges with social, 
        economic, health, scientific, and national security 
        implications;
            (3) a review of whether Federal investment in the key 
        technology focus areas have resulted in new domestic 
        manufacturing capacity and job creation;
            (4) an assessment of any critical, new emerging areas;
            (5) an assessment of Federal investments in education and 
        workforce development to support the key technology focus areas; 
        and
            (6) an assessment of relative balance in leadership in 
        addressing the key technology focus areas between the United 
        States, allied and partner countries, and the People's Republic 
        of China.
SEC. 10388. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19108.>>  REGIONAL INNOVATION ENGINES.

    (a) In General.--From amounts made available to the Directorate, the 
Director shall make awards to eligible entities for the planning, 
establishment, and support of Regional Innovation Engines.
    (b) Purpose.--The purpose of the Regional Innovation Engines shall 
be to--
            (1) advance multidisciplinary, collaborative, use-inspired 
        and translational research, technology development, in key 
        technology focus areas;
            (2) address regional, national, societal, or geostrategic 
        challenges;
            (3) leverage the expertise of multi-disciplinary and multi- 
        sector partners, including partners from private industry, 
        nonprofit organizations, and civil society organizations; and
            (4) support the development of scientific, innovation, 
        entrepreneurial, and STEM educational capacity within the region 
        of the Regional Innovation Engine to grow and sustain regional 
        innovation.

    (c) Uses of Funds.--Funds awarded under this section may be used by 
a Regional Innovation Engine to--

[[Page 136 STAT. 1582]]

            (1) conduct use-inspired and translational research and 
        technology development to advance innovation in at least one of 
        the key technology focus areas and to help solve a compelling 
        regional, national, societal, or geostrategic challenge;
            (2) further the development, adoption, and commercialization 
        of innovations in key technology focus areas, including through 
        support for proof-of-concept development, and through 
        partnership with other Federal agencies and Federal 
        laboratories, industry, including startup companies, labor 
        organizations, civil society organizations, and State, 
        territorial, local, and Tribal governments;
            (3) develop and manage, or facilitate access to, test beds 
        and instrumentation, which may include fabrication facilities 
        and cyberinfrastructure, to advance the development, 
        integration, and demonstration of new, innovative technologies, 
        including hardware or software;
            (4) establish traineeship programs for graduate students who 
        pursue degrees and research related to the key technology focus 
        areas leading to a masters or doctorate degree by providing 
        funding and other assistance, and opportunities for research 
        experiences in government or industry related to the students' 
        studies;
            (5) engage in outreach and engagement in the region to 
        broaden participation in the activities of the Regional 
        Innovation Engine; and
            (6) <<NOTE: Reimbursement.>>  reimburse, in part or in 
        whole, the cost of instrumentation, technology transfer, and 
        commercialization activities, including patenting and licensing, 
        and for operations and staff, as the Director determines 
        appropriate.

    (d) Selection Process.--In making awards under this subtitle, the 
Director shall consider, in addition to the scientific and technical 
merit of the proposal, the extent to which the activities and locations 
proposed--
            (1) have the potential to create an innovation ecosystem, or 
        enhance existing ecosystems and contribute to job creation in a 
        region;
            (2) demonstrate a capacity to engage and partner with 
        multiple types of institutions of higher education, industry, 
        labor, nonprofit organizations, civil society organizations, 
        other Federal agencies, Federal laboratories, State, local, and 
        Tribal governments, and other appropriate organizations, 
        including to inform research directions and account for ethical, 
        societal, safety, and security implications relevant to the 
        potential applications of the research;
            (3) demonstrate a capacity to broaden participation of 
        populations historically underrepresented in STEM in the 
        activities of the Regional Innovation Engine; and
            (4) demonstrate a plan and capability to prevent the 
        inappropriate use or dissemination of the research and 
        technology, including research results, data, and intellectual 
        property, as appropriate and consistent with the requirements of 
        the relevant award.

    (e) Requirements.--
            (1) <<NOTE: Definition.>>  Eligibility.--For the purposes of 
        this section, an ``eligible entity'' means an institution of 
        higher education, a nonprofit organization, a private sector 
        entity, or a consortium thereof.

[[Page 136 STAT. 1583]]

            (2) Partnerships.--To be eligible for an award under this 
        section an eligible entity--
                    (A) shall include in its proposal partnership with 1 
                or more institution that is--
                          (i) a historically Black college or 
                      university;
                          (ii) a Tribal College or University;
                          (iii) a minority-serving institution;
                          (iv) an EPSCoR institution;
                          (v) an emerging research institution; or
                          (vi) a community college;
                    (B) may include partnership with 1 or more--
                          (i) additional entities described in paragraph 
                      (2)(A);
                          (ii) industry entities, including startups, 
                      small businesses, and public-private partnerships;
                          (iii) economic development organizations or 
                      venture development organizations, as such terms 
                      are defined in section 28(a) of the Stevenson-
                      Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (15 
                      U.S.C. 13701 et seq.), as added by section 10621 
                      of this division;
                          (iv) National Laboratories;
                          (v) Federal laboratories, as defined in 
                      section 4 of the Stevenson-Wydler Technology 
                      Innovation Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 3703);
                          (vi) Federal research facilities;
                          (vii) labor organizations;
                          (viii) entities described in paragraph (1) or 
                      (2) from allied or partner countries;
                          (ix) other entities to be vital to the success 
                      of the program, as determined by the Director;
                          (x) binational research and development 
                      foundations and funds, excluding those affiliated 
                      with foreign entities of concern, as defined in 
                      section 10612; and
                          (xi) Engineer Research and Development Center 
                      laboratories of the Army Corps of Engineers; and
                    (C) shall include as part of its proposal a plan 
                for--
                          (i) establishing a sustained partnership that 
                      is jointly developed and managed, draws from the 
                      capacities of each institution, and is mutually 
                      beneficial; and
                          (ii) documents governance and management 
                      plans, financial contributions from non-Federal 
                      sources, and plans for ownership and use of any 
                      intellectual property.
            (3) Promoting partnerships.--In making awards under this 
        section, the Director shall encourage applicants for a Regional 
        Innovation Engine that include multiple regional partners as 
        described in subsection (e)(2).
            (4) Geographic distribution.--In making awards under this 
        section, the Director shall take into consideration the extent 
        to which the proposals expand the geographic distribution of the 
        Regional Innovation Engines, including by giving special 
        consideration to rural-serving institutions of higher education.
            (5) Resource availability.--The Director shall ensure that 
        any eligible entity receiving an award under this section 
        shall--

[[Page 136 STAT. 1584]]

                    (A) provide information on relevant currently 
                existing resources available to the proposing team from 
                all internal and external sources, including all partner 
                organizations; and
                    (B) include letters of collaboration from partner 
                organizations that include information on resource 
                contributions committed by such partners.

    (f) Collaboration With Regional Technology Hubs.--Each Regional 
Innovation Engine established under this section may collaborate and 
participate in, as appropriate, the activities of any regional 
technology hub designated under section 28 of the Stevenson-Wydler 
Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 3701 et seq.), as added by 
section 10621.
    (g) Duration.--
            (1) Initial period.--An award under this section shall be 
        for an initial period of 5 years.
            (2) Renewal.--An established Regional Innovation Engine may 
        apply for, and the Director may award, extended funding for 
        periods of 5 years on a merit-reviewed basis.

    (h) Competitive, Merit-review.--In making awards under this section, 
the Director shall--
            (1) use a competitive, merit review process that includes 
        peer review by a diverse group of individuals with relevant 
        expertise from both the private and public sectors; and
            (2) ensure the focus areas of the Regional Innovation 
        Engines do not substantially and unnecessarily duplicate the 
        efforts of any other Regional Innovation Engine or any other 
        similar effort at another Federal agency.

    (i) Collaboration.--In making awards under this section, the 
Director may collaborate with Federal departments and agencies whose 
missions contribute to or are affected by the technology focus area of 
the institute.
SEC. 10389. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19109.>>  TRANSLATION ACCELERATOR.

    (a) In General.--The Director shall establish Translation 
Accelerators to further the research, development, and commercialization 
of innovation in the key technology focus areas.
    (b) Partnerships.--
            (1) In general.--Each Translation Accelerator shall be 
        comprised of a partnership including 2 or more of the following 
        entities:
                    (A) An institution of higher education.
                    (B) A for-profit company.
                    (C) A nonprofit organization.
                    (D) A Federal agency.
                    (E) Another entity, if that entity is determined by 
                the Director to be vital to the success of the program.
            (2) Institutional or organizational level.--The Director 
        shall work to ensure that such partnerships exist at the 
        institutional or organization level, rather than solely at the 
        principal investigator level.
            (3) Cost share.--Not less than 25 percent of the funding for 
        an institute shall be provided by non-Federal entities.
            (4) Number of centers and institutes established.--The 
        Director shall endeavor to establish a balance in the number of 
        Regional Innovation Engines and Translation Accelerators.

[[Page 136 STAT. 1585]]

    (c) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  Authorization of Appropriations.--From 
within funds authorized for the Directorate for Technology, Innovation, 
and Partnerships, there are authorized to carry out the activities under 
this section and section 10388 $6,500,000,000 for fiscal years 2023 
through 2027.
SEC. 10390. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19110.>>  TEST BEDS.

    (a) Program Authorized.--
            (1) In general.--From amounts made available for the 
        Directorate, the Director, in coordination with the Director of 
        the National Institute of Standards and Technology, the 
        Secretary of Energy, and other Federal agencies, as determined 
        appropriate by the Director, shall establish a program in the 
        Directorate to make awards, on a competitive basis, to 
        institutions of higher education, nonprofit organizations, or 
        consortia thereof to establish and operate test beds, which may 
        include fabrication facilities and cyberinfrastructure, to 
        advance the development, operation, integration, deployment, 
        and, as appropriate, demonstration of new, innovative critical 
        technologies, which may include hardware or software.
            (2) Coordination.--In establishing new test beds under this 
        section, the Director shall ensure coordination with other test 
        beds supported by the Foundation or other Federal agencies to 
        avoid duplication and maximize the use of Federal resources.

    (b) Proposals.--An applicant for an award under this section shall 
submit a proposal to the Director, at such time, in such manner, and 
containing such information as the Director may reasonably require. The 
proposal shall, at a minimum, describe--
            (1) the technology or technologies that will be the focus of 
        the test bed;
            (2) the goals of the work to be done at the test bed;
            (3) how the applicant will assemble a workforce with the 
        skills needed to operate the test bed;
            (4) how the applicant will ensure broad access to the test 
        bed;
            (5) how the applicant will collaborate with firms in 
        critical technologies, including through coordinated research 
        and development and funding, to ensure that work in the test bed 
        will contribute to the commercial viability of any technologies 
        and will include collaboration from industry and labor 
        organizations;
            (6) how the applicant will encourage the participation of 
        inventors and entrepreneurs and the development of new 
        businesses;
            (7) how the applicant will increase participation by 
        populations that are underrepresented in STEM;
            (8) how the applicant will demonstrate that the commercial 
        viability of any new technologies will support the creation of 
        high-quality domestic jobs;
            (9) how the test bed will operate after Federal funding has 
        ended;
            (10) how the test bed will disseminate lessons and other 
        technical information to United States entities or allied or 
        partner country entities in the United States; and
            (11) how the applicant plans to take measures to prevent the 
        inappropriate use of research results, data, and intellectual

[[Page 136 STAT. 1586]]

        property, as applicable and consistent with the requirements of 
        the award.

    (c) Authorized Use of Funds.--A recipient of an award under this 
section may, consistent with the purposes of this section, use the award 
for the purchase of equipment and for the support of students, faculty 
and staff, and postdoctoral researchers.
    (d) Geographic Diversity.--In selecting award recipients under this 
section, the Director shall consider the extent to which proposals would 
expand the geographic diversity of test beds.
SEC. 10391. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19111.>>  PLANNING AND CAPACITY 
                            BUILDING AWARDS.

    (a) <<NOTE: Coordination.>>  In General.--Under the program 
established in section 508 of the America COMPETES Reauthorization Act 
of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 1862p-2) and the activities authorized under this 
section, from amounts made available to the Directorate, the Director, 
in coordination with other Federal agencies as determined appropriate by 
the Director, shall make awards, on a competitive basis, to eligible 
entities to advance the development, adoption, and commercialization of 
technologies, consistent with the purposes of the Directorate under 
section 10382.

    (b) Eligible Entity.--To be eligible to receive an award under this 
section, an entity shall be--
            (1) an institution of higher education, which may be a 
        community college (or a consortium of such institutions);
            (2) a nonprofit organization that is either affiliated with 
        an institution of higher education or designed to support 
        technology development or entrepreneurship; or
            (3) a consortium that includes--
                    (A) an entity described in paragraph (1) or (2) as 
                the lead award recipient; and
                    (B) one or more additional individuals or entities, 
                which shall be--
                          (i) an economic development organization or 
                      similar entity that is focused primarily on 
                      improving science, technology, innovation, or 
                      entrepreneurship;
                          (ii) an industry organization or firm in a 
                      relevant technology or innovation sector;
                          (iii) an industry-experienced executive with 
                      entrepreneurship experience that is focused 
                      primarily on de-risking technologies from both a 
                      scientific and a business perspective; or
                          (iv) an individual or entity with industry and 
                      startup expertise, including a mentor network, 
                      across relevant technology or innovation sectors.

    (c) Use of Funds.--In addition to activities listed under section 
10383, an eligible entity receiving an award under this section may use 
funds to--
            (1) identify academic research with the potential for 
        technology transfer and commercialization, particularly as 
        relevant to the purposes of the Directorate under section 10382;
            (2) ensure the availability of staff, including technology 
        transfer professionals, entrepreneurs in residence, and other 
        mentors as required to accomplish the purpose of this section;
            (3) help offset the costs of patenting and licensing 
        research products, both domestically and internationally;
            (4) revise institution policies, including policies related 
        to intellectual property and faculty entrepreneurship, and 
        taking

[[Page 136 STAT. 1587]]

        other necessary steps to implement relevant best practices for 
        academic technology transfer;
            (5) develop local, regional, and national partnerships among 
        institutions of higher education and between institutions of 
        higher education and private sector entities and other relevant 
        organizations, including investors, with the purpose of building 
        networks, expertise, and other capacity to identify promising 
        research that may have potential market value and enable 
        researchers to pursue further development and transfer of their 
        ideas into possible commercial or other use;
            (6) develop seminars, courses, and other educational 
        opportunities for students, post-doctoral researchers, faculty, 
        and other relevant staff at institutions of higher education to 
        increase awareness and understanding of entrepreneurship, 
        patenting, business planning, research security, and other areas 
        relevant to technology transfer, and connect students and 
        researchers to relevant resources, including mentors in the 
        private sector; and
            (7) create, support, or fund entities or competitions to 
        allow entrepreneurial students and faculty to illustrate the 
        commercialization potential of their ideas, including through 
        venture funds of institution of higher education.

    (d) Limitations on Funding.--
            (1) Awards made under this section shall be at least 3 years 
        in duration and shall not exceed $1,000,000 per fiscal year.
            (2) Awards made under this section shall not support the 
        development or operation of capital investment funds.

    (e) Application.--An eligible entity seeking funding under this 
section shall submit an application to the Director at such time, in 
such manner, and containing such information and assurances as such 
Director may require. The application shall include, at a minimum, a 
description of--
            (1) how the eligible entity submitting an application plans 
        to sustain the proposed activities beyond the duration of the 
        award;
            (2) the steps the applicant will take to enable technology 
        transfer and adoption and why such steps are likely to be 
        effective;
            (3) how the applicant will encourage the training and 
        participation of students and potential entrepreneurs and the 
        transition of research results to practice, including the 
        development of new businesses;
            (4) as relevant, potential steps to drive economic growth in 
        a particular region, by collaborating with industry, venture 
        capital entities, non-profit organizations, and State and local 
        governments within that region; and
            (5) background information that the Director determines is 
        relevant to demonstrate the success of the innovation and 
        entrepreneurship support models proposed by the applicant to 
        commercialize technologies.

    (f) Collaborative Innovation Resource Center Program.--
            (1) In general.--The Director shall make awards under this 
        section to eligible entities to establish collaborative 
        innovation resource centers that promote regional technology 
        transfer and technology development activities available to more 
        than

[[Page 136 STAT. 1588]]

        one institution of higher education and to other entities in a 
        region.
            (2) Use of funds.--An eligible entity that receives an award 
        under this subsection shall use award funds to carry out one or 
        more of the following activities, to the benefit of the region 
        in which the center is located:
                    (A) Providing start-ups and small business concerns 
                (as defined in section 3 of the Small Business Act (15 
                U.S.C. 632)) within the region with access to 
                facilities, scientific infrastructure, personnel, and 
                other assets as required for technology maturation.
                    (B) Supporting entrepreneurial training for start-up 
                and small business personnel.
            (3) Providing engineering and entrepreneurial experiences 
        and hands-on training for students enrolled in participating 
        institutions of higher education.

    (g) Reporting on Commercialization Metrics.--The Director shall 
establish--
            (1) metrics related to commercialization for an award under 
        this section; and
            (2) a reporting schedule for recipients of such awards that 
        takes into account both short- and long-term goals of the 
        programs under this section.

    (h) Geographic Diversity.--The Director shall ensure regional and 
geographic diversity in issuing awards under this section.
    (i) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  Authorization of Appropriations.--From 
within funds authorized for the Directorate for Technology, Innovation, 
and Partnerships, there are authorized to carry out the activities under 
this section $3,100,000,000 for fiscal years 2023 through 2027.
SEC. 10392. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19112.>>  ENTREPRENEURIAL FELLOWSHIPS.

    (a) In General.--The Director, acting through the Directorate for 
Technology, Innovation, and Partnerships, shall award fellowships to 
scientists and engineers to help develop leaders capable of maturing 
promising ideas and technologies from lab to market or other use and 
forge connections between academic research and the government, 
industry, financial sectors, and other end users.
    (b) <<NOTE: Requirements.>>  Application.--An applicant for a 
fellowship under this section shall submit to the Director an 
application at such time, in such manner, and containing such 
information as the Director may require. At a minimum, the Director 
shall require that applicants--
            (1) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  have completed a doctoral degree 
        in a STEM field no more than 5 years prior to the date of the 
        application, or have otherwise demonstrated significant 
        postbaccalaureate scientific research experience and are 
        considered early career, according to requirements established 
        by the Director; and
            (2) have included in the application a proposal for how the 
        fellow will be embedded in a host institution's research 
        environment.

    (c) Outreach.--The Director shall conduct program outreach to 
recruit fellowship applicants--
            (1) from diverse research institutions;
            (2) from all regions of the country; and
            (3) from groups historically underrepresented in STEM 
        fields.

[[Page 136 STAT. 1589]]

    (d) Administration Agreements.--The Director may enter into an 
agreement with a qualified third-party entity to administer the 
fellowships, subject to the provisions of this section.
    (e) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  Authorization of Appropriations.--There 
are authorized to be appropriated to the Director a total of 
$125,000,000 for fiscal years 2023 through 2027, to carry out the 
activities outlined in this section.
SEC. 10393. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19113.>>  SCHOLARSHIPS AND FELLOWSHIPS.

    (a) In General.--The Director, acting through the Directorate, shall 
fund undergraduate scholarships (including at community colleges), 
graduate fellowships and traineeships, and postdoctoral awards in the 
key technology focus areas.
    (b) Implementation.--The Director may carry out subsection (a) by 
making awards--
            (1) directly to students; and
            (2) to institutions of higher education or consortia of 
        institutions of higher education, including those institutions 
        or consortia involved in operating Regional Innovation Engines 
        established under section 10388.

    (c) Broadening Participation.--In carrying out this section, the 
Director shall take steps to increase the participation of populations 
that are underrepresented in STEM, which may include--
            (1) establishing or augmenting programs targeted at 
        populations that are underrepresented in STEM;
            (2) supporting traineeships or other relevant programs at 
        historically Black colleges and universities, Tribal Colleges or 
        Universities, and minority-serving institutions;
            (3) enabling low-income populations to pursue associate, 
        undergraduate, or graduate level degrees in STEM;
            (4) addressing current and expected gaps in the availability 
        or skills of the STEM workforce, or addressing needs of the STEM 
        workforce, including by increasing educational capacity at 
        institutions and by prioritizing awards to United States 
        citizens, permanent residents, and individuals that will grow 
        the domestic workforce; and
            (5) addressing geographic diversity in the STEM workforce.

    (d) Encouraging Innovation.--In carrying out this section, the 
Director shall encourage innovation in graduate education, including 
through encouraging institutions of higher education to offer graduate 
students opportunities to gain experience in industry or Government as 
part of their graduate training, and through support for students in 
professional master's programs related to the key technology focus areas 
or to the societal, national, and geostrategic challenges.
    (e) Areas of Funding Support.--Subject to the availability of funds 
to carry out this section, the Director shall--
            (1) issue--
                    (A) postdoctoral awards,
                    (B) graduate fellowships and traineeships, inclusive 
                of the NSF Research Traineeships and fellowships awarded 
                under the Graduate Research Fellowship Program; and
                    (C) scholarships, including undergraduate 
                scholarships, research experiences, and internships, 
                including--
                          (i) scholarships to attend community colleges; 
                      and
                          (ii) research experiences and internships 
                      under sections 513, 514, and 515 of the America 
                      COMPETES

[[Page 136 STAT. 1590]]

                      Reauthorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 1862p-5; 
                      1862p-6; 1862p-7);
            (2) ensure that not less than 10 percent of the funds made 
        available to carry out this section are used to support 
        additional awards that focus on community college training, 
        education, and teaching programs that increase the participation 
        of populations that are historically underrepresented in STEM, 
        including technical programs through programs such as the 
        Advanced Technological Education program; and
            (3) if funds remain after carrying out paragraphs (1) and 
        (2) make awards to institutions of higher education to enable 
        the institutions to fund the development and establishment of 
        new or specialized programs of study for graduate, 
        undergraduate, or technical college students and the evaluation 
        of the effectiveness of those programs of study.

    (f) Low-income Scholarship Program.--
            (1) In general.--The Director shall award scholarships to 
        low-income individuals to enable such individuals to pursue 
        associate, undergraduate, or graduate level degrees in STEM 
        fields.
            (2) Eligibility.--
                    (A) In general.--To be eligible to receive a 
                scholarship under this subsection, an individual--
                          (i) must be a citizen of the United States, a 
                      national of the United States (as defined in 
                      section 1101(a) of title 8), an alien admitted as 
                      a refugee under section 1157 of title 8, or an 
                      alien lawfully admitted to the United States for 
                      permanent residence;
                          (ii) shall prepare and submit to the Director 
                      an application at such time, in such manner, and 
                      containing such information as the Director may 
                      require; and
                          (iii) <<NOTE: Certification.>>  shall certify 
                      to the Director that the individual intends to use 
                      amounts received under the scholarship to enroll 
                      or continue enrollment at an institution of higher 
                      education (as defined in section 1001(a) of title 
                      20) in order to pursue an associate, 
                      undergraduate, or graduate level degree in STEM 
                      fields designated by the Director.
                    (B) Ability.--Awards of scholarships under this 
                subsection shall be made by the Director solely on the 
                basis of the ability of the applicant, except that in 
                any case in which 2 or more applicants for scholarships 
                are deemed by the Director to be possessed of 
                substantially equal ability, and there are not 
                sufficient scholarships available to award one to each 
                of such applicants, the available scholarship or 
                scholarships shall be awarded to the applicants in a 
                manner that will tend to result in a geographically wide 
                distribution throughout the United States recipients' 
                places of permanent residence.
            (3) Scholarship amount and renewal.--Section 414(d) of the 
        American Competitiveness and Workforce Improvement Act of 1998 
        (42 U.S.C. 1869c) is amended in paragraph (3) by--
                    (A) striking ``, except that the Director shall not 
                award a scholarship in an amount exceeding $10,000 per 
                year''; and

[[Page 136 STAT. 1591]]

                    (B) striking ``4 years'' and inserting ``5 years''.
            (4) Authorization.--Of amounts authorized for the 
        Directorate for Technology, Innovation, and Partnerships, 
        $100,000,000 shall be authorized to carry out this subsection.

    (g) Existing Programs.--The Director may use or augment existing 
STEM education programs of the Foundation and leverage education or 
entrepreneurial partners to carry out this section.
SEC. 10394. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19114.>>  RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT 
                            AWARDS.

    (a) In General.--From amounts made available for the Directorate, 
the Director shall make awards, on a competitive basis, for research and 
technology development within the key technology focus areas, including 
investments that advance solutions to the challenges under section 
10387.
    (b) Purpose.--The purpose of the awards under this section shall be 
to accelerate technological advances and technology adoption in the key 
technology focus areas.
    (c) Recipients.--Recipients of funds under this section may include 
institutions of higher education, research institutions, non-profit 
organizations, private sector entities, consortia, or other entities as 
defined by the Director.
    (d) Metrics.--The Director may set metrics, including goals and 
deadlines, for the development and demonstration of technology as 
determined in the terms of the award, and may use such metrics to 
determine whether an award recipient shall be eligible for continued or 
follow-on funding.
    (e) Short Term Technology Deployment.--The Director shall also make 
awards, including through the SBIR and STTR programs (as defined in 
section 9(e) of the Small Business Act (15 U.S.C. 638(e)), to expedite 
short-term technology deployment within a period of no longer than 24 
months.
    (f) Selection Criteria.--In selecting recipients for an award under 
this section, the Director shall consider, at a minimum--
            (1) the relevance of the project to the challenges and the 
        key technology focus areas under section 10387, and the 
        potential of the project to result in transformational advances 
        for such challenges and the key technology focus areas;
            (2) the current status of similar technology, the limits of 
        current practice, and the novelty and risks of the proposed 
        project;
            (3) the ethical, societal, safety, and security implications 
        relevant to the application of the technology;
            (4) the appropriateness of quantitative goals and metrics 
        for evaluating the project and a plan for evaluating those 
        metrics; and
            (5) the path for developing and, as appropriate, 
        commercializing the technology into products and processes in 
        the United States.

    (g) Authorization of Appropriations.--From within funds authorized 
for the Directorate for Technology, Innovation, and Partnerships, there 
are authorized to carry out the activities under this section 
$1,000,000,000 for fiscal years 2023 through 2027.
SEC. 10395. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19115.>>  SCALING INNOVATIONS IN PREK-
                            12 STEM EDUCATION.

    (a) In General.--Taking into consideration the recommendations under 
section 10311(a)(4) of subtitle B, the Director shall make awards, on a 
competitive, merit-reviewed basis, to establish multidisciplinary 
Centers for Transformative Education Research

[[Page 136 STAT. 1592]]

and Translation (in this section referred to as ``Centers'') to support 
research and development on widespread and sustained implementation of 
STEM education innovations.
    (b) Eligibility.--The entity seeking an award for a Center under 
this section must be an institution of higher education, a nonprofit 
organization, or a consortium of such institutions or organizations, 
which may include a STEM ecosystem .
    (c) Application.--An eligible entity under subsection (b) seeking an 
award under this section shall submit an application to the Director at 
such time, in such manner, and containing such information as the 
Director may require. The application shall include, at a minimum, a 
description of how the proposed Center will be used to--
            (1) establish partnerships among academic institutions, 
        local or State educational agencies, and other relevant 
        stakeholders in supporting programs and activities to facilitate 
        the widespread and sustained implementation of promising, 
        evidence-based STEM education practices, models, programs, 
        curriculum, and technologies;
            (2) support enhanced STEM education infrastructure, 
        including cyberlearning technologies, to facilitate the 
        widespread adoption of promising, evidence-based practices;
            (3) support research and development on scaling practices, 
        partnerships, and alternative models to current approaches, 
        including approaches sensitive to the unique combinations of 
        capabilities, resources, and needs of varying localities, 
        educators, and learners;
            (4) include a focus on the learning needs of under-resourced 
        schools and learners in low-resource or underachieving local 
        educational agencies in urban and rural communities and the 
        development of high-quality curriculum that engages these 
        learners in the knowledge and practices of STEM fields;
            (5) include a focus on the learning needs and unique 
        challenges facing students with disabilities;
            (6) support research, development, or education on one or 
        more of the key technology focus areas;
            (7) support research and development on scaling practices 
        and models to support and sustain highly-qualified STEM 
        educators in urban and rural communities; and
            (8) at the discretion of the Director, any other 
        requirements recommended in the study commissioned under section 
        10311(a) of subtitle B.

    (d) Additional Considerations.--In making an award under this 
section, the Director may also consider the extent to which the proposed 
Center will--
            (1) leverage existing collaborations, tools, and strategies 
        supported by the Foundation, including NSF INCLUDES and the 
        Convergence Accelerators;
            (2) support research on and the development and scaling of 
        innovative approaches to distance learning and education for 
        various student populations;
            (3) support education innovations that leverage new 
        technologies or deepen understanding of the impact of technology 
        on educational systems; and
            (4) include a commitment from local or State education 
        administrators to making the proposed reforms and activities a 
        priority.

[[Page 136 STAT. 1593]]

    (e) Partnership.--In carrying out the program under this section, 
the Director shall explore opportunities to partner with the Department 
of Education, including through jointly funding activities under this 
section.
    (f) Duration.--Each award made under this section shall be for a 
duration of no more than 5 years.
    (g) Annual Meeting.--The Director shall encourage and facilitate an 
annual meeting of the Centers, as appropriate, to foster collaboration 
among the Centers and to further disseminate the results of the Centers' 
supported activities.
    (h) Existing Programs.--The Director may use existing NSF programs 
to establish and execute this section.
    (i) <<NOTE: Public information.>>  Report.--Not later than 5 years 
after the date of enactment of this Act, the Director shall submit to 
Congress and make widely available to the public a report that 
includes--
            (1) a description of the focus and proposed goals of each 
        Center;
            (2) <<NOTE: Assessment.>>  an assessment, based on a common 
        set of benchmarks and tools, of the Centers' success in helping 
        to promote scalable solutions in PreK-12 STEM education; and
            (3) <<NOTE: Recommenda- tions.>>  any recommendations for 
        administrative and legislative action that could optimize the 
        effectiveness of the Centers established under this section.
SEC. 10396. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19116.>>  AUTHORITIES.

    In addition to existing authorities available to the Foundation, the 
Director may exercise the following authorities in carrying out the 
activities under this subtitle:
            (1) Awards.--In carrying out this subtitle, the Director may 
        provide awards in the form of grants, contracts, cooperative 
        agreements, cash prizes, and other transactions.
            (2) Program directors.--
                    (A) Designation.--The Director may designate 
                individuals to serve as program directors for the 
                programs established within the Directorate pursuant to 
                the responsibilities established under subparagraph (B). 
                The Director shall ensure that program directors--
                          (i) have expertise in one or more of the 
                      challenges and key technology focus areas under 
                      section 10387; and
                          (ii) come from a variety of backgrounds, 
                      including industry, and from a variety of 
                      institutions of higher education.
                    (B) <<NOTE: Consultation.>>  Responsibilities.--A 
                program director of a program of the Directorate, in 
                consultation with the Assistant Director, shall be 
                responsible for--
                          (i) establishing research and development 
                      goals for the program, including through the 
                      convening of workshops, conferring with a broad 
                      range of stakeholders and outside experts, taking 
                      into account relevant expert reports, and 
                      publicizing the goals of the program to the public 
                      and private sectors;
                          (ii) surveying a wide range of institutions of 
                      higher education, nonprofit organizations, and 
                      private entities to identify emerging trends in 
                      the challenges and key technology focus areas 
                      under section 10387, and, as appropriate, 
                      soliciting proposals from such entities to

[[Page 136 STAT. 1594]]

                      conduct research in areas of particular promise 
                      that the private sector is the not likely to 
                      undertake independently.
                          (iii) facilitating research collaborations in 
                      the challenges and key technology focus areas 
                      under section 10387, including connecting academic 
                      researchers with potential end-users of 
                      technology, including industry, labor 
                      organizations, nonprofit organizations, civil 
                      society organizations, and other relevant 
                      organizations;
                          (iv) <<NOTE: Determination.>>  reviewing 
                      applications for projects submitted under section 
                      10394 according to the Merit Review Criteria 
                      established by the Director for such projects and 
                      described in the Foundation's Proposal and Award 
                      Policies and Procedures Guide, and any such 
                      additional criteria as determined by the Director; 
                      and
                          (v) monitoring the progress of projects 
                      supported under the program and taking into 
                      account input from relevant experts and 
                      stakeholders, recommending program updates as 
                      needed.
                    (C) Selection criteria.--Program directors may use 
                diverse merit review models for selection of award 
                recipients under section 10394, including internal 
                review and different models that use peer review.
                    (D) Terms.--Program directors of the Directorate may 
                be appointed by the Director for a limited term, 
                renewable at the discretion of the Director.
            (3) Experts in science and engineering.--
                    (A) Program authorized.--The Foundation may carry 
                out a program of personnel management authority provided 
                under subparagraph (B) in order to facilitate 
                recruitment of eminent experts in science or engineering 
                for research and development projects and to enhance the 
                administration and management of the Foundation.
                    (B) Personnel management authority.--Under the 
                program under subparagraph (A), the Foundation may--
                          (i) without regard to any provision of title 
                      5, United States Code, governing the appointment 
                      of employees in the competitive service, appoint 
                      individuals to a total of not more than 70 
                      positions in the Foundation, of which not more 
                      than 5 such positions may be positions of 
                      administration or management of the Foundation;
                          (ii) prescribe the rates of basic pay for 
                      positions to which employees are appointed under 
                      clause (i)--
                                    (I) in the case of employees 
                                appointed pursuant to clause (i) to any 
                                of 5 positions designated by the 
                                Foundation for purposes of this clause, 
                                at rates not in excess of a rate equal 
                                to 150 percent of the maximum rate of 
                                basic pay authorized for positions at 
                                level I of the Executive Schedule under 
                                section 5312 of title 5, United States 
                                Code; and
                                    (II) in the case of any other 
                                employee appointed pursuant to clause 
                                (i), at rates not in excess of the 
                                maximum rate of basic pay authorized for 
                                senior-level positions under section 
                                5376 of title 5, United States Code; and

[[Page 136 STAT. 1595]]

                          (iii) pay any employee appointed under 
                      subparagraph (A), other than an employee appointed 
                      to a position designated as described in clause 
                      (ii)(I), payments in addition to basic pay within 
                      the limit applicable to the employee under 
                      subparagraph (D).
                    (C) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  Limitation on term of 
                appointment.--
                          (i) In general.--Except as provided in clause 
                      (ii), the service of an employee under an 
                      appointment under subparagraph (B)(i) may not 
                      exceed 4 years.
                          (ii) <<NOTE: Determination.>>  Extension.--The 
                      Director may, in the case of a particular employee 
                      under the program under subparagraph (A), extend 
                      the period to which service is limited under 
                      clause (i) by up to 2 years if the Director 
                      determines that such action is necessary to 
                      promote the efficiency of the Foundation.
                    (D) Maximum amount of additional payments payable.--
                Notwithstanding any other provision of this subsection 
                or section 5307 of title 5, United States Code, no 
                additional payments may be paid to an employee under 
                subparagraph (B)(iii) in any calendar year if, or to the 
                extent that, the employee's total annual compensation in 
                such calendar year will exceed the maximum amount of 
                total annual compensation payable at the salary set in 
                accordance with section 104 of title 3, United States 
                Code.
            (4) Highly qualified experts in needed occupations.--
                    (A) <<NOTE: Determination.>>  In general.--The 
                Foundation may carry out a program using the authority 
                provided in subparagraph (B) in order to attract highly 
                qualified experts in needed occupations, as determined 
                by the Foundation. Individuals hired by the Director 
                through such authority may include individuals with 
                expertise in business creativity, innovation management, 
                design thinking, entrepreneurship, venture capital, and 
                related fields.
                    (B) Authority.--Under the program, the Foundation 
                may--
                          (i) <<NOTE: Appointment.>>  appoint personnel 
                      from outside the civil service and uniformed 
                      services (as such terms are defined in section 
                      2101 of title 5, United States Code) to positions 
                      in the Foundation without regard to any provision 
                      of title 5, United States Code, governing the 
                      appointment of employees in the competitive 
                      service;
                          (ii) prescribe the rates of basic pay for 
                      positions to which employees are appointed under 
                      clause (i) at rates not in excess of the maximum 
                      rate of basic pay authorized for senior-level 
                      positions under section 5376 of title 5, United 
                      States Code; and
                          (iii) pay any employee appointed under clause 
                      (i) payments in addition to basic pay within the 
                      limits applicable to the employee under 
                      subparagraph (D).
                    (C) Limitation on term of appointment.--
                          (i) In general.--Except as provided in clause 
                      (ii), the service of an employee under an 
                      appointment made pursuant to this subsection may 
                      not exceed 5 years.
                          (ii) <<NOTE: Determination.>>  Extension.--The 
                      Foundation may, in the case of a particular 
                      employee, extend the period to which service is 
                      limited under clause (i) by up to 1 additional 
                      year if the Foundation determines that such action

[[Page 136 STAT. 1596]]

                      is necessary to promote the Foundation's national 
                      security missions.
                    (D) Limitations on additional payments.--
                          (i) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  Total amount.--The 
                      total amount of the additional payments paid to an 
                      employee under this subsection for any 12-month 
                      period may not exceed the maximum amount of total 
                      compensation payable at the salary set in 
                      accordance with section 104 of title, United 
                      States Code.
                          (ii) Eligibility for payments.--An employee 
                      appointed under this subsection is not eligible 
                      for any bonus, monetary award, or other monetary 
                      incentive for service, except for payments 
                      authorized under this subsection.
                    (E) Limitation on number of highly qualified 
                experts.--The number of highly qualified experts 
                appointed and retained by the Foundation under sub 
                (B)(i) shall not exceed 70 at any time.
                    (F) Savings provisions.--In the event that the 
                Foundation terminates the program under this paragraph, 
                in the case of an employee who, on the day before the 
                termination of the program, is serving in a position 
                pursuant to an appointment under this paragraph--
                          (i) the termination of the program does not 
                      terminate the employee's employment in that 
                      position before the expiration of the lesser of--
                                    (I) the period for which the 
                                employee was appointed; or
                                    (II) the period to which the 
                                employee's service is limited under 
                                subparagraph (C), including any 
                                extension made under this paragraph 
                                before the termination of the program; 
                                and
                          (ii) the rate of basic pay prescribed for the 
                      position under this paragraph may not be reduced 
                      as long as the employee continues to serve at an 
                      acceptable level of performance in the position 
                      without a break in service.
            (5) Additional hiring authority.--To the extent needed to 
        carry out the duties under paragraph (1)(A), the Director is 
        authorized to utilize hiring authorities under section 3372 of 
        title 5, United States Code, to staff the Foundation with 
        employees from other Federal agencies, State and local 
        governments, Indian Tribes and Tribal organizations, 
        institutions of higher education, and other organizations, as 
        described in that section, in the same manner and subject to the 
        same conditions, that apply to such individuals utilized to 
        accomplish other missions of the Foundation.
            (6) <<NOTE: Evaluations. Recommenda- tions.>>  National 
        academy of public administration.--
                    (A) <<NOTE: Deadline. Contracts.>>  Study.--Not 
                later than 30 days after the date of enactment of this 
                Act, the Director shall contract with the National 
                Academy of Public Administration to conduct a study on 
                the organizational and management structure of the 
                Foundation, to--
                          (i) evaluate and make recommendations to 
                      efficiently and effectively implement the 
                      Directorate for Technology, Innovation, and 
                      Partnerships; and

[[Page 136 STAT. 1597]]

                          (ii) evaluate and make recommendations to 
                      ensure coordination of the Directorate for 
                      Technology, Innovation, and Partnerships with 
                      other directorates and offices of the Foundation 
                      and other Federal agencies.
                    (B) Review.--Upon completion of the study under 
                subparagraph (A), the Foundation shall review the 
                recommendations from the National Academy of Public 
                Administration and provide a briefing to Congress on the 
                plans of the Foundation to implement any such 
                recommendations.
            (7) Providing authority to disseminate information.--Section 
        11 of the National Science Foundation Act of 1950 (42 U.S.C. 
        1870) is amended--
                    (A) in subsection (j), by striking ``and'' after the 
                semicolon;
                    (B) in subsection (k), by striking the period at the 
                end and inserting ``; and''; and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following:

    ``(l) to provide for the widest practicable and appropriate 
dissemination of information within the United States concerning the 
Foundation's activities and the results of those activities.''.
SEC. 10397. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19117.>>  COORDINATION OF ACTIVITIES.

    (a) In General.--In carrying out the activities of the Directorate, 
the Director shall coordinate and collaborate as appropriate with the 
Secretary of Energy, the Director of the National Institute of Standards 
and Technology, and the heads of other Federal research agencies, as 
appropriate, to further the goals of this subtitle.
    (b) Avoid Duplication.--The Director shall ensure, to the greatest 
extent practicable, that activities carried out by the Directorate are 
not duplicative of activities supported by other parts of the Foundation 
or other relevant Federal agencies. In carrying out the activities 
prescribed by this division, the Director shall coordinate with the 
interagency working group established under subtitle F of title VI and 
heads of other Federal research agencies to ensure these activities 
enhance and complement, but do not constitute unnecessary duplication of 
effort and to ensure the responsible stewardship of funds.
    (c) Emerging Technologies.--After completion of the studies 
regarding emerging technologies conducted by the Secretary of Commerce 
under title XV of division FF of the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 
2021 (Public Law 116-260), the Director shall consider the results of 
such studies in carrying out the activities of the Directorate.
SEC. 10398. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19118.>>  ETHICAL, LEGAL, AND SOCIETAL 
                            CONSIDERATIONS.

    The Director shall engage, as appropriate, experts in the social 
dimensions of science and technology and set up formal avenues for 
public input, as appropriate, to ensure that ethical, legal, and 
societal considerations are taken into account in the priorities and 
activities of the Directorate, including in the selection of the 
challenges and key technology focus areas under section 10387 and the 
award-making process, and throughout all stages of supported projects.

[[Page 136 STAT. 1598]]

SEC. 10399. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19119.>>  REPORTS AND ROADMAPS.

    (a) Annual Report.--The Director shall provide to the relevant 
authorizing and appropriations committees of Congress an annual report 
describing projects supported by the Directorate during the previous 
year.
    (b) <<NOTE: Deadline. Time period.>>  Roadmap.--Not later than 1 
year after the date of enactment of this Act, the Director shall provide 
to the relevant authorizing and appropriations committees of Congress a 
roadmap describing the strategic vision that the Directorate will use to 
guide investment decisions over the following 3 years.

    (c) <<NOTE: Time periods. Consultation.>>  Reports.--Not later than 
1 year after the date of enactment of this Act and every 3 years 
thereafter, the Director, in consultation with the heads of relevant 
Federal agencies, shall prepare and submit to Congress--
            (1) <<NOTE: Strategic vision.>>  a strategic vision for the 
        next 5 years for the Directorate, including a description of how 
        the Foundation will increase funding for research and education 
        for populations underrepresented in STEM and geographic areas; 
        and
            (2) a description of the planned activities of the 
        Directorate to secure federally funded science and technology 
        pursuant to section 1746 of the National Defense Authorization 
        Act for Fiscal Year 2020 (Public Law 116-92; 42 U.S.C. 6601 
        note) and section 223 of William M. (Mac) Thornberry National 
        Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (Public Law 116-
        283) and the requirements under subtitle D of this title and 
        subtitle E of title VI .

    (d) Selection Criteria Report.--Not later than 24 months after the 
establishment of the Directorate, the Director shall prepare and submit 
a report to Congress regarding the use of alternative methods for the 
selection of award recipients and the distribution of funding to 
recipients, as compared to the traditional peer review process.
SEC. 10399A. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19120.>>  EVALUATION.

    (a) <<NOTE: Time period. Contracts.>>  In General.--After the 
Directorate has been in operation for 6 years, the Director shall enter 
into an agreement with the National Academies to provide an evaluation 
of how well the Directorate is achieving the purposes identified in 
section 10382.

    (b) <<NOTE: Assessments.>>  Inclusions.--The evaluation shall 
include--
            (1) an assessment of the impact of Directorate activities on 
        the Foundation's primary science mission;
            (2) an assessment of the Directorate's impact on the 
        challenges and key technology focus areas under section 10387;
            (3) an assessment of efforts to ensure coordination between 
        the Directorate and other Federal agencies, and with external 
        entities;
            (4) a description of lessons learned from operation of the 
        Directorate; and
            (5) <<NOTE: Recommenda- tions. Public information.>>  
        recommended funding levels for the Directorate;

    (c) Availability.--On completion of the evaluation, the evaluation 
shall be made available to Congress and the public.

[[Page 136 STAT. 1599]]

                  Subtitle H--Administrative Amendments

SEC. 10399D. SUPPORTING VETERANS IN STEM CAREERS.

    Section 3(c) of the Supporting Veterans in STEM Careers Act (42 
U.S.C. 1862t) is amended by striking ``annual'' and inserting 
``biennial''.
SEC. 10399E. SUNSHINE ACT COMPLIANCE.

    Section 15(a) of the National Science Foundation Authorization Act 
of 2002 (42 U.S.C. 1862n-5(a)) is amended--
            (1) so that paragraph (3) reads as follows:
            ``(3) <<NOTE: Assessment.>>  Compliance review.--The 
        Inspector General of the Foundation shall conduct a review of 
        the compliance by the Board with the requirements described in 
        paragraph (2) as necessary based on a triennial risk 
        assessment. <<NOTE: Examination. Determination.>>  Any review 
        deemed necessary shall examine the proposed and actual content 
        of closed meetings and determine whether the closure of the 
        meetings was consistent with section 552b of title 5, United 
        States Code.''; and
            (2) by striking paragraphs (4) and (5) and inserting the 
        following:
            ``(4) Materials relating to closed portions of 
        meeting. <<NOTE: Records. Time period.>> --To facilitate the 
        risk assessment required under paragraph (3) of this subsection, 
        and any subsequent review conducted by the Inspector General, 
        the Office of the National Science Board shall maintain the 
        General Counsel's certificate, the presiding officer's 
        statement, and a transcript or recording of any closed meeting, 
        for at least 3 years after such meeting.''.
SEC. 10399F. SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING INDICATORS REPORT SUBMISSION.

     Section 4(j)(1) of the National Science Foundation Act of 1950 (42 
U.S.C. 1863(j)(1)) is amended by striking ``January 15'' and inserting 
``March 15''.

              TITLE IV--BIOECONOMY RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT

SEC. 10401. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19131.>>  DEFINITIONS.

    In this title:
            (1) Initiative.--The term ``Initiative'' means the National 
        Engineering Biology Research and Development Initiative 
        established under section 10402.
            (2) Omics.--The term ``omics'' refers to the collective 
        technologies used to explore the roles, relationships, and 
        actions of the various types of molecules that make up the cells 
        and systems of an organism and the systems level analysis of 
        their functions.
SEC. 10402. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19132.>>  NATIONAL ENGINEERING BIOLOGY 
                            RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT INITIATIVE.

    (a) <<NOTE: President.>>  In General.--The President, acting through 
the Office of Science and Technology Policy, shall implement a National 
Engineering Biology Research and Development Initiative to

[[Page 136 STAT. 1600]]

advance societal well-being, national security, sustainability, and 
economic productivity and competitiveness through the following:
            (1) Advancing areas of research at the intersection of the 
        biological, physical, chemical, data, and computational and 
        information sciences and engineering to accelerate scientific 
        understanding and technological innovation in engineering 
        biology.
            (2) Advancing areas of biomanufacturing research to 
        optimize, standardize, scale, and deliver new products and 
        solutions.
            (3) Supporting social and behavioral sciences and economics 
        research that advances the field of engineering biology and 
        contributes to the development and public understanding of new 
        products, processes, and technologies.
            (4) Improving the understanding of engineering biology of 
        the scientific and lay public and supporting greater evidence-
        based public discourse about its benefits and risks.
            (5) Supporting research relating to the risks and benefits 
        of engineering biology, including under subsection (d).
            (6) Supporting the development of novel tools and 
        technologies to accelerate scientific understanding and 
        technological innovation in engineering biology.
            (7) Expanding the number of researchers, educators, and 
        students and a retooled workforce with engineering biology 
        training, including from traditionally underrepresented and 
        underserved populations.
            (8) Accelerating the translation and commercialization of 
        engineering biology and biomanufacturing research and 
        development by the private sector.
            (9) Improving the interagency planning and coordination of 
        Federal Government activities related to engineering biology.

    (b) Initiative Activities.--The activities of the Initiative shall 
include the following:
            (1) Sustained support for engineering biology research and 
        development through the following:
                    (A) Grants to fund the work of individual 
                investigators and teams of investigators, including 
                interdisciplinary teams.
                    (B) Projects funded under joint solicitations by a 
                collaboration of not fewer than two agencies 
                participating in the Initiative.
                    (C) Interdisciplinary research centers that are 
                organized to investigate basic research questions, carry 
                out technology development and demonstration activities, 
                and increase understanding of how to scale up 
                engineering biology processes, including 
                biomanufacturing.
            (2) Sustained support for databases and related tools, 
        including the following:
                    (A) Support for the establishment, curation, and 
                maintenance of curated genomics, epigenomics, and other 
                relevant omics databases, including plant, animal, and 
                microbial databases, that are available to researchers 
                to carry out engineering biology research in a manner 
                that does not compromise national security or the 
                privacy or security of information within such 
                databases.

[[Page 136 STAT. 1601]]

                    (B) Development of standards for such databases, 
                including for curation, interoperability, and protection 
                of privacy and security.
                    (C) Support for the development of computational 
                tools, including artificial intelligence tools, that can 
                accelerate research and innovation using such databases.
                    (D) <<NOTE: Inventory. Assessment.>>  An inventory 
                and assessment of all Federal government omics databases 
                to identify opportunities to improve the utility of such 
                databases, as appropriate and in a manner that does not 
                compromise national security or the privacy and security 
                of information within such databases, and inform 
                investment in such databases as critical infrastructure 
                for the engineering biology research enterprise.
            (3) Sustained support for the development, optimization, and 
        validation of novel tools and technologies to enable the dynamic 
        study of molecular processes in situ, including through the 
        following:
                    (A) Research conducted at Federal laboratories.
                    (B) <<NOTE: Grants.>>  Grants to fund the work of 
                investigators at institutions of higher education and 
                other nonprofit research institutions.
                    (C) Incentivized development of retooled industrial 
                sites across the country that foster a pivot to 
                modernized engineering biology initiatives.
                    (D) Awards under the Small Business Innovation 
                Research Program and the Small Business Technology 
                Transfer Program (as described in section 9 of the Small 
                Business Act (15 U.S.C. 638)).
            (4) Support for education and training of undergraduate and 
        graduate students in engineering biology, biomanufacturing, 
        bioprocess engineering, and computational science applied to 
        engineering biology and in the related ethical, legal, 
        environmental, safety, security, and other societal domains.
            (5) Support for a national network of testbeds based on open 
        standards, interfaces, and processes, including by repurposing 
        existing facilities such as those specified in paragraph (3)(C), 
        that would enable scale up of laboratory engineering biology 
        research.
            (6) Activities to develop robust mechanisms for documenting 
        and quantifying the outputs and economic benefits of engineering 
        biology.
            (7) Activities to accelerate the translation and 
        commercialization of new products, processes, and technologies 
        by carrying out the following:
                    (A) Identifying precompetitive research 
                opportunities.
                    (B) Facilitating public-private partnerships in 
                engineering biology research and development, including 
                to address barriers to scaling up innovations in 
                engineering biology.
                    (C) Connecting researchers, graduate students, and 
                postdoctoral fellows with entrepreneurship education and 
                training opportunities.
                    (D) Supporting proof of concept activities and the 
                formation of startup companies including through 
                programs such as the Small Business Innovation Research 
                Program and the Small Business Technology Transfer 
                Program.

[[Page 136 STAT. 1602]]

    (c) Expanding Participation.--The Initiative shall include, to the 
maximum extent practicable, outreach to primarily undergraduate and 
historically Black colleges and universities, Tribal Colleges or 
Universities, and minority-serving institutions about Initiative 
opportunities, and shall encourage the development of research 
collaborations between research-intensive universities and primarily 
undergraduate and historically Black colleges and universities, Tribal 
Colleges or Universities, and minority-serving institutions.
    (d) Ethical, Legal, Environmental, Safety, Security, and Societal 
Issues.--Initiative activities shall take into account ethical, legal, 
environmental, safety, security, and other appropriate societal issues 
by carrying out the following:
            (1) Supporting research, including in the social sciences, 
        and other activities addressing ethical, legal, environmental, 
        and other appropriate societal issues related to engineering 
        biology, including integrating research on such topics with the 
        research and development in engineering biology, and encouraging 
        the dissemination of the results of such research, including 
        through interdisciplinary engineering biology research centers 
        described in subsection (b)(1)(C).
            (2) Supporting research and other activities related to the 
        safety and security implications of engineering biology, 
        including outreach to increase awareness among Federal 
        researchers and federally-funded researchers at institutions of 
        higher education about potential safety and security 
        implications of engineering biology research, as appropriate.
            (3) Ensuring that input from Federal and non-Federal experts 
        on the ethical, legal, environmental, safety, security, and 
        other appropriate societal issues related to engineering biology 
        is integrated into the Initiative.
            (4) Ensuring, through the agencies and departments that 
        participate in the Initiative, that public input and outreach 
        are integrated into the Initiative by the convening of regular 
        and ongoing public discussions through mechanisms such as 
        workshops, consensus conferences, and educational events, as 
        appropriate.
            (5) <<NOTE: Compliance.>>  Complying with all applicable 
        provisions of Federal law.
SEC. 10403. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19133.>>  INITIATIVE COORDINATION.

    (a) <<NOTE: President.>>  Interagency Committee.--The President, 
acting through the Office of Science and Technology Policy, shall 
designate an interagency committee to coordinate activities of the 
Initiative as appropriate, which shall be co-chaired by the Office of 
Science and Technology Policy. The Director of the Office of Science and 
Technology Policy shall select an additional co-chairperson from among 
the members of the interagency committee. The interagency committee 
shall oversee the planning, management, and coordination of the 
Initiative. The interagency committee shall carry out the following:
            (1) Provide for interagency coordination of Federal 
        engineering biology research, development, and other activities 
        undertaken pursuant to the Initiative.
            (2) Establish and periodically update goals and priorities 
        for the Initiative.

[[Page 136 STAT. 1603]]

            (3) <<NOTE: Deadline. Update. Strategic plan.>>  Develop, 
        not later than 12 months after the date of the enactment of this 
        Act, and update every five years thereafter, a strategic plan 
        submitted to the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology, 
        the Committee on Agriculture, and the Committee on Energy and 
        Commerce of the House of Representatives and the Committee on 
        Commerce, Science, and Transportation, the Committee on 
        Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry, the Committee on Small 
        Business and Entrepreneurship, and the Committee on Health, 
        Education, Labor, and Pensions of the Senate that--
                    (A) guides the activities of the Initiative for 
                purposes of meeting the goals and priorities established 
                under (and updated pursuant to) paragraph (2); and
                    (B) describes--
                          (i) the Initiative's support for long-term 
                      funding for interdisciplinary engineering biology 
                      research and development;
                          (ii) the Initiative's support for education 
                      and public outreach activities;
                          (iii) the Initiative's support for research 
                      and other activities on ethical, legal, 
                      environmental, safety, security, and other 
                      appropriate societal issues related to engineering 
                      biology, including--
                                    (I) <<NOTE: Plan.>>  an applied 
                                biorisk management research plan;
                                    (II) <<NOTE: Recommenda- tions.>>  
                                recommendations for integrating security 
                                into biological data access and 
                                international reciprocity agreements;
                                    (III) <<NOTE: Recommenda- tions.>>  
                                recommendations for manufacturing 
                                restructuring to support engineering 
                                biology research, development, and 
                                scaling-up initiatives; and
                                    (IV) <<NOTE: Evaluation.>>  an 
                                evaluation of existing biosecurity 
                                governance policies, guidance, and 
                                directives for the purposes of creating 
                                an adaptable, evidence-based framework 
                                to respond to emerging biosecurity 
                                challenges created by advances in 
                                engineering biology;
                          (iv) how the Initiative will contribute to 
                      moving results out of the laboratory and into 
                      application for the benefit of society and United 
                      States competitiveness; and
                          (v) how the Initiative will measure and track 
                      the contributions of engineering biology to United 
                      States economic growth and other societal 
                      indicators.
            (4) <<NOTE: Strategy.>>  Develop a national genomic 
        sequencing strategy to ensure engineering biology research fully 
        leverages plant, animal, and microbe biodiversity, as 
        appropriate and in a manner that does not compromise economic 
        competitiveness, national security, or the privacy or security 
        of human genetic information, to enhance long-term innovation 
        and competitiveness in engineering biology in the United States.
            (5) <<NOTE: Plan.>>  Develop a plan to utilize Federal 
        programs, such as the Small Business Innovation Research Program 
        and the Small Business Technology Transfer Program (as described 
        in section 9 of the Small Business Act (15 U.S.C. 638)), in 
        support of the activities described in section 10402(b)(3).

[[Page 136 STAT. 1604]]

            (6) In carrying out this section, take into consideration 
        the recommendations of the advisory committee established under 
        section 10404, the results of the workshop convened under 
        section 10402, existing reports on related topics, and the views 
        of academic, State, industry, and other appropriate groups.

    (b) <<NOTE: Effective date. Time periods.>>  Quinquennial Report.--
Beginning with fiscal year 2023 and every five years thereafter for ten 
years, the interagency committee shall prepare and submit to the 
Committee on Science, Space, and Technology, the Committee on Energy and 
Commerce, and the Committee on Agriculture of the House of 
Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and 
Transportation, the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions, 
the Committee on Small Business and Entrepreneurship, and the Committee 
on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate a report that 
includes the following:
            (1) <<NOTE: Budget.>>  A summarized agency budget in support 
        of the Initiative for the current fiscal year, including a 
        breakout of spending for each agency participating in the 
        Program, and for the development and acquisition of any research 
        facilities and instrumentation.
            (2) <<NOTE: Assessment.>>  An assessment of how Federal 
        agencies are implementing the plan described in subsection 
        (a)(3), including the following:
                    (A) A description of the amount and number of awards 
                made under the Small Business Innovation Research 
                Program and the Small Business Technology Transfer 
                Program (as described in section 9 of the Small Business 
                Act (15 U.S.C. 638)) in support of the Initiative.
                    (B) A description of the amount and number of 
                projects funded under joint solicitations by a 
                collaboration of not fewer than two agencies 
                participating in the Initiative.
                    (C) A description of effects of newly-funded 
                projects by the Initiative.

    (c) Initiative Coordination Office.--
            (1) <<NOTE: President. Establishment.>>  In general.--The 
        President shall establish an Initiative Coordination Office, 
        with a Director and full-time staff, which shall--
                    (A) provide technical and administrative support to 
                the interagency committee and the advisory committee 
                established under subsection (a) and section 10404;
                    (B) serve as the point of contact on Federal 
                engineering biology activities for government 
                organizations, academia, industry, professional 
                societies, State governments, interested citizen groups, 
                and others to exchange technical and programmatic 
                information;
                    (C) oversee interagency coordination of the 
                Initiative, including by encouraging and supporting 
                joint agency solicitation and selection of applications 
                for funding of activities under the Initiative, as 
                appropriate;
                    (D) conduct public outreach, including dissemination 
                of findings and recommendations of the advisory 
                committee, as appropriate;
                    (E) serve as the coordinator of ethical, legal, 
                environmental, safety, security, and other appropriate 
                societal input; and

[[Page 136 STAT. 1605]]

                    (F) promote access to, and early application of, the 
                technologies, innovations, and expertise derived from 
                Initiative activities to agency missions and systems 
                across the Federal Government, and to United States 
                industry, including startup companies.
            (2) <<NOTE: Coordination. Time 
        period. Update. Estimate. Summary.>>  Funding.--The Director of 
        the Office of Science and Technology Policy, in coordination 
        with each participating Federal department and agency, as 
        appropriate, shall develop and annually update an estimate of 
        the funds necessary to carry out the activities of the 
        Initiative Coordination Office and submit such estimate with an 
        agreed summary of contributions from each agency to Congress as 
        part of the President's annual budget request to Congress.
            (3) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  Termination.--The Initiative 
        Coordination Office established under this subsection shall 
        terminate on the date that is 10 years after the date of the 
        enactment of this Act.

    (d) Rule of Construction.--Nothing in this section may be construed 
to alter the policies, processes, or practices of individual Federal 
agencies in effect on the day before the date of the enactment of this 
Act relating to the conduct of biomedical research and advanced 
development, including the solicitation and review of extramural 
research proposals.
SEC. 10404. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19134.>>  ADVISORY COMMITTEE ON 
                            ENGINEERING BIOLOGY RESEARCH AND 
                            DEVELOPMENT.

    (a) <<NOTE: Consultation.>>  In General.--The agency co-chair of the 
interagency committee established under section 10403 shall, in 
consultation with the Office of Science and Technology Policy, designate 
or establish an advisory committee on engineering biology research and 
development (in this section referred to as the ``advisory committee'') 
to be composed of not fewer than 12 members, including representatives 
of research and academic institutions, industry, and nongovernmental 
entities, who are qualified to provide advice on the Initiative.

    (b) Assessment.--The advisory committee shall assess the following:
            (1) The current state of United States competitiveness in 
        engineering biology, including the scope and scale of United 
        States investments in engineering biology research and 
        development in the international context.
            (2) Current market barriers to commercialization of 
        engineering biology products, processes, and tools in the United 
        States.
            (3) Progress made in implementing the Initiative.
            (4) The need to revise the Initiative.
            (5) The balance of activities and funding across the 
        Initiative.
            (6) Whether the strategic plan developed or updated by the 
        interagency committee established under section 10403 is helping 
        to maintain United States leadership in engineering biology.
            (7) Whether ethical, legal, environmental, safety, security, 
        and other appropriate societal issues are adequately addressed 
        by the Initiative.

    (c) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  Reports.--Beginning not later than two 
years after the date of the enactment of this Act and not less 
frequently than once every five years thereafter, the advisory committee 
shall

[[Page 136 STAT. 1606]]

submit to the President, the Committee on Science, Space, and 
Technology, the Committee on Energy and Commerce, and the Committee on 
Agriculture of the House of Representatives, and the Committee on 
Commerce, Science, and Transportation, the Committee on Health, 
Education, Labor, and Pensions, and the Committee on Agriculture, 
Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate, a report on the following:
            (1) The findings of the advisory committee's assessment 
        under subsection (b).
            (2) <<NOTE: Recommenda- tions.>>  The advisory committee's 
        recommendations for ways to improve the Initiative.

    (d) Application of Federal Advisory Committee Act.--Section 14 of 
the Federal Advisory Committee Act (5 U.S.C. App.) shall not apply to 
the advisory committee.
    (e) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  Termination.--The advisory committee 
established under subsection (a) shall terminate on the date that is 10 
years after the date of the enactment of this Act.
SEC. 10405. EXTERNAL REVIEW OF ETHICAL, LEGAL, ENVIRONMENTAL, 
                            SAFETY, SECURITY, AND SOCIETAL ISSUES.

    (a) <<NOTE: Deadline. Contracts. Recommenda- tions.>>  In General.--
Not later than six months after the date of enactment of this Act, the 
Director of the National Science Foundation shall seek to enter into an 
agreement with the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and 
Medicine to conduct a review, and make recommendations with respect to, 
the ethical, legal, environmental, safety, security, and other 
appropriate societal issues related to engineering biology research and 
development. The review shall include the following:
            (1) <<NOTE: Assessment.>>  An assessment of the current 
        research on such issues.
            (2) A description of the research needs relating to such 
        issues.
            (3) Recommendations on how the Initiative can address the 
        research needs identified pursuant to paragraph (2).
            (4) Recommendations on how researchers engaged in 
        engineering biology can best incorporate considerations of such 
        issues into the development of research proposals and the 
        conduct of research.

    (b) <<NOTE: Requirements.>>  Report to Congress.--The agreement 
entered into under subsection (a) shall require the National Academies 
of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine to, not later than two years 
after the date of the enactment of this Act--
            (1) submit to the Committee on Science, Space, and 
        Technology and the Committee on Agriculture of the House of 
        Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and 
        Transportation and the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and 
        Forestry of the Senate a report containing the findings and 
        recommendations of the review conducted under subsection (a); 
        and
            (2) <<NOTE: Records. Public information. Web 
        posting. Research and development. 42 USC 19135.>>  make a copy 
        of such report available on a publicly accessible website.
SEC. 10406. AGENCY ACTIVITIES.

    (a) National Science Foundation.--As part of the Initiative, the 
National Science Foundation shall carry out the following:
            (1) <<NOTE: Grants.>>  Support research in engineering 
        biology and biomanufacturing through individual grants, 
        collaborative grants, and through interdisciplinary research 
        centers.

[[Page 136 STAT. 1607]]

            (2) Support research on the environmental, legal, ethical, 
        and social implications of engineering biology.
            (3) Provide support for research instrumentation, equipment, 
        and cyberinfrastructure for engineering biology disciplines, 
        including support for research, development, optimization, and 
        validation of novel technologies to enable the dynamic study of 
        molecular processes in situ.
            (4) Support curriculum development and research experiences 
        for secondary, undergraduate, and graduate students in 
        engineering biology and biomanufacturing, including through 
        support for graduate fellowships and traineeships in engineering 
        biology.
            (5) <<NOTE: Grants.>>  Award grants, on a competitive basis, 
        to enable institutions to support graduate students and 
        postdoctoral fellows who perform some of their engineering 
        biology research in an industry setting.

    (b) Department of Commerce.--
            (1) National institute of standards and technology.--As part 
        of the Initiative, the Director of the National Institute of 
        Standards and Technology shall carry out the following:
                    (A) Advance the development of standard reference 
                materials and measurements, including to promote 
                interoperability between new component technologies and 
                processes for engineering biology and biomanufacturing 
                discovery, innovation, and production processes.
                    (B) Establish new data tools, techniques, and 
                processes necessary to advance engineering biology and 
                biomanufacturing.
                    (C) Provide access to user facilities with advanced 
                or unique equipment, services, materials, and other 
                resources to industry, institutions of higher education, 
                nonprofit organizations, and government agencies to 
                perform research and testing.
                    (D) Provide technical expertise to inform the 
                potential development of guidelines or safeguards for 
                new products, processes, and systems of engineering 
                biology.
            (2) National oceanic and atmospheric administration.--As 
        part of the initiative, the Administrator of the National 
        Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration shall carry out the 
        following:
                    (A) Conduct and support research in omics and 
                associated bioinformatic sciences and develop tools and 
                products to improve ecosystem stewardship, monitoring, 
                management, assessments. and forecasts, consistent with 
                the mission of the agency.
                    (B) Collaborate with other agencies to understand 
                potential environmental threats and safeguards related 
                to engineering biology.

    (c) Department of Energy.--As part of the Initiative, the Secretary 
of Energy shall carry out the following:
            (1) Conduct and support research, development, 
        demonstration, and commercial application activities in 
        engineering biology, including in the areas of synthetic 
        biology, advanced biofuel and bioproduct development, biobased 
        materials, and environmental remediation.

[[Page 136 STAT. 1608]]

            (2) Support the development, optimization and validation of 
        novel, scalable tools and technologies to enable the dynamic 
        study of molecular processes in situ.
            (3) Provide access to user facilities with advanced or 
        unique equipment, services, materials, and other resources, 
        including secure access to high-performance computing, as 
        appropriate, to industry, institutions of higher education, 
        nonprofit organizations, and government agencies to perform 
        research and testing;.
            (4) Strengthen collaboration between the Office of Science 
        and the Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Office to help 
        transfer fundamental research results to industry and accelerate 
        commercial applications.

    (d) Department of Defense.--As part of the Initiative, the Secretary 
of Defense shall carry out the following:
            (1) Conduct and support research and development in 
        engineering biology and associated data and information 
        sciences.
            (2) Support curriculum development and research experiences 
        in engineering biology and associated data and information 
        sciences across the military education system, including the 
        service academies, professional military education, and military 
        graduate education.
            (3) <<NOTE: Assessment.>>  Assess risks of potential 
        national security and economic security threats relating to 
        engineering biology.

    (e) National Aeronautics and Space Administration.--As part of the 
Initiative, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration shall 
carry out the following:
            (1) Conduct and support research in engineering biology, 
        including in synthetic biology, and related to Earth and space 
        sciences, aeronautics, space technology, and space exploration 
        and experimentation, consistent with the priorities established 
        in the National Academies' decadal surveys.
            (2) <<NOTE: Grants.>>  Award grants, on a competitive basis, 
        that enable institutions to support graduate students and 
        postdoctoral fellows who perform some of their engineering 
        biology research in an industry setting.

    (f) Department of Agriculture.--As part of the Initiative, the 
Secretary of Agriculture shall support research and development in 
engineering biology through the Agricultural Research Service, the 
National Institute of Food and Agriculture programs and grants, and the 
Office of the Chief Scientist.
    (g) Environmental Protection Agency.--As part of the Initiative, the 
Environmental Protection Agency shall support research on how products, 
processes, and systems of engineering biology will affect or can protect 
the environment.
    (h) Department of Health and Human Services.--As part of the 
Initiative, the Secretary of Health and Human Services, as appropriate 
and consistent with activities of the Department of Health and Human 
Services in effect on the day before the date of the enactment of this 
Act, shall carry out the following:
            (1) Support research and development to advance the 
        understanding and application of engineering biology for human 
        health.
            (2) Support relevant interdisciplinary research and 
        coordination.

[[Page 136 STAT. 1609]]

            (3) Support activities necessary to facilitate oversight of 
        relevant emerging biotechnologies.
SEC. 10407. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19136.>>  RULE OF CONSTRUCTION.

    Nothing in this title may be construed to require public disclosure 
of information that is exempt from mandatory disclosure under section 
552 of title 5, United States Code.

              TITLE V--BROADENING PARTICIPATION IN SCIENCE

                     Subtitle A--STEM Opportunities

SEC. 10501. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19151.>>  FEDERAL RESEARCH AGENCY 
                            POLICIES FOR CAREGIVERS.

    (a) OSTP Guidance. <<NOTE: Deadline. Consultation.>> --Not later 
than 12 months after the date of the enactment of this Act, the 
Director, in consultation with the heads of relevant agencies, shall 
provide guidance to each Federal research agency to establish policies 
that--
            (1) <<NOTE: Applicability.>>  apply to all--
                    (A) research awards granted by such agency; and
                    (B) principal investigators of such research and 
                their trainees, including postdoctoral researchers and 
                graduate students, who have caregiving responsibilities, 
                including care for a newborn or newly adopted child and 
                care for an immediate family member who has a disability 
                or a serious health condition; and
            (2) provide, to the extent feasible--
                    (A) flexibility in timing for the initiation of 
                approved research awards granted by such agency;
                    (B) no-cost extensions of such research awards;
                    (C) award supplements, as appropriate, to research 
                awards to sustain research activities conducted under 
                such awards; and
                    (D) any other appropriate accommodations at the 
                discretion of the director of each such agency.

    (b) Uniformity of Guidance.--In providing guidance under subsection 
(a), the Director shall encourage uniformity, to the extent practicable, 
and consistency in the policies established pursuant to such guidance 
across all Federal research agencies.
    (c) Establishment of Policies.--Consistent, to the extent 
practicable, with the guidance under subsection (a), Federal research 
agencies shall--
            (1) maintain or develop and implement policies for 
        individuals described in paragraph (1)(B) of such subsection; 
        and
            (2) broadly disseminate in easily accessible formats such 
        policies to current and potential award recipients.

    (d) Data on Usage.--Federal research agencies shall consider--
            (1) collecting data, including demographic data that can be 
        disaggregated by sex, geographic location, and socioeconomic 
        indicators, which may include employment status, occupation, 
        educational attainment, parental education, and income, on the 
        usage of the policies under subsection (c), at both institutions 
        of higher education and Federal laboratories; and

[[Page 136 STAT. 1610]]

            (2) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  reporting such data on an annual 
        basis to the Director in such form as required by the Director.
SEC. 10502. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19152.>>  COLLECTION AND REPORTING OF 
                            DATA ON FEDERAL RESEARCH AWARDS.

    (a) Collection of Data.--
            (1) In general.--Each Federal research agency shall collect, 
        as practicable, with respect to all applications for merit-
        reviewed research and development awards made by such agency, 
        standardized record-level annual information on demographics, 
        primary field, award type, institution type, review rating, 
        budget request, funding outcome, and awarded budget.
            (2) <<NOTE: Consultation.>>  Uniformity and 
        standardization.--The Director, in consultation with the heads 
        of each Federal research agency, shall establish, and update as 
        necessary, a policy to ensure uniformity and standardization of 
        the data collection required under paragraph (1).
            (3) Record-level data.--
                    (A) <<NOTE: Deadline. Time period.>>  Requirement.--
                Beginning not later than two years after the issuance of 
                the policy under paragraph (2) to Federal research 
                agencies, and on an annual basis thereafter, each 
                Federal research agency shall submit to the National 
                Center for Science and Engineering Statistics record-
                level data collected under paragraph (1) in the form 
                required by the Director of the National Science 
                Foundation.
                    (B) Previous data.--As part of the first submission 
                under subparagraph (A), each Federal research agency, to 
                the extent practicable, shall also submit comparable 
                record-level data, if it is available to the agency, for 
                the five years preceding the date of such submission, or 
                an analysis for why such data cannot be provided.

    (b) <<NOTE: Publication.>>  Reporting of Data.--The Director of the 
National Science Foundation shall publish statistical summary data, as 
practicable, collected under this section, disaggregated and cross-
tabulated by race, ethnicity, sex, socioeconomic indicators, which may 
include employment status, occupation, educational attainment, parental 
education, and income, geographic location, and years since completion 
of doctoral degree, including in conjunction with the National Science 
Foundation's report required by section 37 of the Science and 
Engineering Equal Opportunities Act (42 U.S.C. 1885d; Public Law 96-
516).
SEC. 10503. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19153.>>  POLICIES FOR REVIEW OF 
                            FEDERAL RESEARCH AWARDS.

    (a) Assessment of Policies.--Federal research agencies shall 
regularly assess, and update as necessary, policies, and practices to 
remove or reduce cultural and institutional barriers limiting the 
recruitment, retention, and success of groups historically 
underrepresented in STEM research careers, including policies and 
practices relevant to the unbiased review of Federal research 
applications.
    (b) Considerations and Activities.--In carrying out the requirements 
under subsection (a), Federal research agencies shall--
            (1) review current levels of participation of groups 
        historically underrepresented in STEM in peer-review panels and 
        consider approaches for expanding their participation;

[[Page 136 STAT. 1611]]

            (2) <<NOTE: Analysis.>>  analyze the data collected under 
        section 10502, including funding rates of proposals from all 
        groups, including those historically underrepresented in STEM;
            (3) collect and disseminate best practices to remove or 
        reduce cultural and institutional barriers limiting the 
        recruitment, retention, and success of groups historically 
        underrepresented in STEM research careers; and
            (4) implement evidence-based policies and practices to 
        achieve the goals of this section.
SEC. 10504. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19154.>>  COLLECTION OF DATA ON 
                            DEMOGRAPHICS OF FACULTY.

    (a) Collection of Data.--
            (1) <<NOTE: Deadline. Time period. Survey.>>  In general.--
        Not later than 5 years after the date of the enactment of this 
        Act and at least every five years thereafter, the Director of 
        the National Science Foundation shall carry out a survey to 
        collect data from award recipients on the demographics of STEM 
        faculty, by broad fields of STEM, at different types of 
        institutions of higher education that receive Federal research 
        funding.
            (2) Survey considerations.--To the extent practicable, the 
        Director of the National Science Foundation shall survey, by 
        sex, race, socioeconomic indicators, which may include 
        employment status, occupation, educational attainment, parental 
        education, and income, geographic location, ethnicity, 
        citizenship status, and years since completion of doctoral 
        degree--
                    (A) the number and percentage of faculty;
                    (B) the number and percentage of faculty at each 
                rank;
                    (C) the number and percentage of faculty who are in 
                nontenure-track positions, including teaching and 
                research;
                    (D) the number and percentage of faculty who are 
                reviewed for promotion, including tenure, and the 
                percentage of that number who are promoted, including 
                being awarded tenure;
                    (E) faculty years in rank;
                    (F) the number and percentage of faculty to leave 
                tenure-track positions;
                    (G) the number and percentage of faculty hired, by 
                rank; and
                    (H) the number and percentage of faculty in 
                leadership positions.

    (b) Existing Surveys.--The Director of the National Science 
Foundation, may, in modifying or expanding existing Federal surveys of 
higher education (as necessary)--
            (1) take into account the considerations under subsection 
        (a)(2) by collaborating with statistical centers at other 
        Federal agencies; or
            (2) make an award to an institution of higher education or 
        nonprofit organization (or consortia thereof) to take such 
        considerations into account.

    (c) <<NOTE: Publication.>>  Reporting Data.--The Director of the 
National Science Foundation shall publish statistical summary data 
collected under this section, including as part of the National Science 
Foundation's report required by section 37 of the Science and 
Engineering Equal Opportunities Act (42 U.S.C. 1885d; Public Law 96-
516).

[[Page 136 STAT. 1612]]

    (d) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  Authorization of Appropriations.--There 
are authorized to be appropriated to the Director of the National 
Science Foundation $4,000,000 in each of fiscal years 2023 through 2025 
to develop and carry out the initial survey required under subsection 
(a).
SEC. 10505. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19155.>>  CULTURAL AND INSTITUTIONAL 
                            BARRIERS TO EXPANDING THE ACADEMIC AND 
                            FEDERAL STEM WORKFORCE.

    (a) Best Practices.--
            (1) <<NOTE: Deadline. Consultation.>>  Development of 
        guidance.--Not later than 12 months after the date of enactment 
        of this Act, the Director, in consultation with the interagency 
        working group on inclusion in STEM and utilizing existing 
        guidance already developed by Federal research agencies where 
        applicable, shall broadly disseminate to entities that receive 
        Federal research funding best practices for--
                    (A) <<NOTE: Surveys.>>  conducting periodic climate 
                surveys of STEM departments and divisions, with a 
                particular focus on identifying and addressing any 
                cultural or institutional barriers to the recruitment, 
                retention, or advancement of groups historically 
                underrepresented in STEM studies and careers; and
                    (B) providing educational opportunities, including 
                workshops, for STEM professionals to learn about current 
                research on effective practices for unbiased 
                recruitment, evaluation, and promotion of undergraduate 
                and graduate students and research personnel.
            (2) <<NOTE: Deadline. Reports.>>  Establishment of 
        policies.--Consistent with the guidance developed under 
        paragraph (1)--
                    (A) <<NOTE: Consultation.>>  The Director of the 
                National Science Foundation, in consultation with the 
                heads of Federal research agencies, shall develop a 
                policy that--
                          (i) <<NOTE: Applicability.>>  applies to, at a 
                      minimum, doctoral degree granting institutions 
                      that receive Federal research funding; and
                          (ii) <<NOTE: Requirement.>>  requires each 
                      such institution, not later than 3 years after the 
                      date of enactment of this Act, and to the extent 
                      practicable, to report to the Director of the 
                      National Science Foundation on activities and 
                      policies developed and implemented based on the 
                      guidance disseminated under paragraph (1); and
                    (B) each Federal research agency with a Federal 
                laboratory shall maintain or develop and implement 
                practices and policies for the purposes described in 
                paragraph (1) for such laboratory and, not later than 
                three years after the date of the enactment of this Act, 
                each Federal laboratory shall report to the head of such 
                agency on such practices and policies.

    (b) Report to Congress.--Not later than four years after the date of 
the enactment of this Act, the Director of the National Science 
Foundation shall submit a report to Congress that includes a summary and 
analysis of the types and frequency of activities and policies developed 
and carried out under subsection (a) based on the reports submitted 
under paragraph (2) of such subsection.
SEC. 10506. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19156.>>  EXISTING ACTIVITIES.

     A Federal research agency may satisfy requirements under this 
subtitle through activities and programs in existence as of the date of 
the enactment of this Act.

[[Page 136 STAT. 1613]]

SEC. 10507. REPORT TO CONGRESS.

    Not later than four years after the date of the enactment of this 
Act, the Director shall submit to Congress a report that includes the 
following:
            (1) A description and evaluation of the status and usage of 
        policies implemented pursuant to section 10505 at all Federal 
        research agencies, including any recommendations for revising or 
        expanding such policies.
            (2) With respect to efforts to remove or reduce cultural and 
        institutional barriers limiting the recruitment, retention, and 
        success of groups historically underrepresented in academic and 
        government STEM research careers under section 10505--
                    (A) what steps all Federal research agencies have 
                taken to implement policies and practices to further 
                such efforts;
                    (B) a description of any significant updates to the 
                policies for review of Federal research awards required 
                under such section; and
                    (C) any evidence of the impact of such policies on 
                the review or awarding of Federal research awards; and
            (3) A description and evaluation of the status of 
        institution of higher education and Federal laboratory policies 
        and practices required under section 10505, including any 
        recommendations for revising or expanding such policies.
SEC. 10508. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19157.>>  MERIT REVIEW.

    Nothing in this subtitle may be construed as altering any 
intellectual or broader impacts criteria at Federal research agencies 
for evaluating award applications.
SEC. 10509. DETERMINATION OF BUDGETARY EFFECTS.

    The budgetary effects of this subtitle, for the purpose of complying 
with the Statutory Pay-As-You-Go Act of 2010, shall be determined by 
reference to the latest statement titled ``Budgetary Effects of PAYGO 
Legislation'' for this subtitle, submitted for printing in the 
Congressional Record by the Chairman of the House Budget Committee, 
provided that such statement has been submitted prior to the vote on 
passage.
SEC. 10510. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19158.>>  DEFINITION.

    In this subtitle, the term ``Director'' means the Director of the 
Office of Science and Technology Policy.

                Subtitle B--Rural STEM Education Research

SEC. 10511. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19171.>>  DEFINITION.

    In this subtitle, the term ``Director'' means the Director of the 
National Science Foundation.
SEC. 10512. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19172.>>  NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION 
                            RURAL STEM ACTIVITIES.

    (a) Preparing Rural STEM Educators.--
            (1) In general.--The Director shall make awards on a merit- 
        reviewed, competitive basis to institutions of higher education 
        or nonprofit organizations (or a consortium thereof) for 
        research and development activities to advance innovative

[[Page 136 STAT. 1614]]

        approaches to support and sustain high-quality STEM teaching in 
        rural schools.
            (2) Use of funds.--
                    (A) In general.--Awards made under this subsection 
                shall be used for the research and development 
                activities referred to in paragraph (1), which may 
                include--
                          (i) engaging rural educators, principals, or 
                      other school leaders of students in 
                      prekindergarten through grade 12 in professional 
                      learning opportunities to enhance STEM knowledge, 
                      including computer science, and develop best 
                      practices;
                          (ii) supporting research on effective STEM 
                      teaching and school leadership practices in rural 
                      settings, including the use of rubrics and 
                      mastery- based grading practices to assess student 
                      performance when employing the transdisciplinary 
                      teaching approach for STEM disciplines;
                          (iii) designing and developing pre-service and 
                      in-service training resources to assist such rural 
                      educators, principals, and other school leaders in 
                      adopting transdisciplinary teaching practices 
                      across STEM courses;
                          (iv) coordinating with local partners to adapt 
                      STEM teaching practices to leverage local, 
                      natural, and community assets in order to support 
                      in-place learning in rural areas;
                          (v) providing hands-on training and research 
                      opportunities for rural educators described in 
                      clause (i) at Federal laboratories or institutions 
                      of higher education, or in industry;
                          (vi) developing training and best practices 
                      for educators who teach multiple grade levels 
                      within a STEM discipline;
                          (vii) designing and implementing professional 
                      development courses and experiences, including 
                      mentoring, for rural educators, principals, and 
                      other school leaders described in clause (i) that 
                      combine face-to-face and online experiences; and
                          (viii) any other activity the Director 
                      determines will accomplish the goals of this 
                      paragraph.
                    (B) Rural stem collaborative.--The Director shall 
                establish a pilot program of regional cohorts in rural 
                areas that will provide peer support, mentoring, and 
                hands-on research experiences for rural STEM educators, 
                principals, and other school leaders of students in 
                prekindergarten through grade 12, in order to build an 
                ecosystem of cooperation among educators, principals, 
                other school leaders, researchers, academia, and local 
                industry.

    (b) Broadening Participation of Rural Students in STEM.--
            (1) In general.--The Director shall make awards on a merit- 
        reviewed, competitive basis to institutions of higher education 
        or nonprofit organizations (or a consortium thereof) for--
                    (A) research and development of programming to 
                identify the barriers rural students face in accessing 
                high-quality STEM education; and

[[Page 136 STAT. 1615]]

                    (B) development of innovative solutions to improve 
                the participation and advancement of rural students in 
                prekindergarten through grade 12 in STEM studies.
            (2) Use of funds.--
                    (A) In general.--Awards made under this subsection 
                shall be used for the research and development 
                activities referred to in paragraph (1), which may 
                include--
                          (i) developing partnerships with community 
                      colleges to offer advanced STEM course work, 
                      including computer science, to rural high school 
                      students;
                          (ii) supporting research on effective STEM 
                      practices in rural settings;
                          (iii) implementing a school-wide STEM 
                      approach, including preparation and support for 
                      principals and other school leaders;
                          (iv) improving the Foundation's Advanced 
                      Technology Education program's coordination and 
                      engagement with rural communities;
                          (v) collaborating with existing community 
                      partners and networks, such as the Cooperative 
                      Extension System services and extramural research 
                      programs of the Department of Agriculture and 
                      youth serving organizations like 4-H, after school 
                      STEM programs, and summer STEM programs, to 
                      leverage community resources and develop place-
                      based programming;
                          (vi) connecting rural school districts and 
                      institutions of higher education, to improve 
                      precollegiate STEM education and engagement;
                          (vii) supporting partnerships that offer 
                      hands- on inquiry-based science activities, 
                      including coding, and access to lab resources for 
                      students studying STEM in prekindergarten through 
                      grade 12 in a rural area;
                          (viii) evaluating the role of broadband 
                      connectivity and its associated impact on the STEM 
                      and technology literacy of rural students;
                          (ix) building capacity to support 
                      extracurricular STEM programs in rural schools, 
                      including mentor-led engagement programs, STEM 
                      programs held during non-school hours, STEM 
                      networks, makerspaces, coding activities, and 
                      competitions;
                          (x) creating partnerships with local 
                      industries and local educational agencies to 
                      tailor STEM curricula and educational experiences 
                      to the needs of a particular local or regional 
                      economy; and
                          (xi) any other activity the Director 
                      determines will accomplish the goals of this 
                      paragraph.

    (c) Application.--An applicant seeking an award under subsection (a) 
or (b) shall submit an application at such time, in such manner, and 
containing such information as the Director may require. The application 
may include the following:
            (1) A description of the target population to be served by 
        the research activity or activities for which such award is 
        sought.
            (2) A description of the process for recruitment and 
        selection of students, educators, principals, and other school 
        leaders, or schools from rural areas to participate in such 
        activity or activities.

[[Page 136 STAT. 1616]]

            (3) A description of how such activity or activities may 
        inform efforts to promote the engagement and achievement of 
        rural students in prekindergarten through grade 12 in STEM 
        studies.
            (4) In the case of a proposal consisting of a partnership or 
        partnerships with one or more rural schools and one or more 
        researchers, a plan for establishing a sustained partnership 
        that is jointly developed and managed, draws from the capacities 
        of each partner, and is mutually beneficial.

    (d) Partnerships.--In making awards under subsection (a) or (b), the 
Director shall--
            (1) encourage applicants which, for the purpose of the 
        activity or activities funded through the award, include or 
        partner with a nonprofit organization or an institution of 
        higher education (or a consortium thereof) that has extensive 
        experience and expertise in increasing the participation of 
        rural students in prekindergarten through grade 12 in STEM;
            (2) encourage applicants which, for the purpose of the 
        activity or activities funded through the award, include or 
        partner with a consortium of rural schools or rural school 
        districts; and
            (3) encourage applications which, for the purpose of the 
        activity or activities funded through the award, include 
        commitments from school principals, other school leaders, and 
        administrators to making reforms and activities proposed by the 
        applicant a priority.

    (e) <<NOTE: Plan.>>  Evaluations.--All proposals for awards under 
subsections (a) and (b) shall include an evaluation plan that includes 
the use of outcome-oriented measures to assess the impact and efficacy 
of the award. Each recipient of an award under this subsection shall 
include results from these evaluative activities in annual and final 
projects.

    (f) Accountability and Dissemination.--
            (1) Evaluation required.--The Director shall evaluate the 
        portfolio of awards made under subsections (a) and (b). Such 
        evaluation shall--
                    (A) use a common set of benchmarks and tools to 
                assess the results of research conducted under such 
                awards and identify best practices; and
                    (B) to the extent practicable, integrate the 
                findings of research resulting from the activity or 
                activities funded through such awards with the findings 
                of other research on rural students' pursuit of degrees 
                or careers in STEM.
            (2) <<NOTE: Public information.>>  Report on evaluations.--
        Not later than 180 days after the completion of the evaluation 
        under paragraph (1), the Director shall submit to Congress and 
        make widely available to the public a report that includes--
                    (A) the results of the evaluation; and
                    (B) <<NOTE: Recommenda- tions.>>  any 
                recommendations for administrative and legislative 
                action that could optimize the effectiveness of the 
                awards made under this subsection.

    (g) <<NOTE: Consultation. Assessments.>>  Report by Committee on 
Equal Opportunities in Science and Engineering.--As part of the first 
report required by section 36(e) of the Science and Engineering Equal 
Opportunities Act (42 U.S.C. 1885c(e)) transmitted to Congress after the 
date of enactment of this division, the Committee on Equal Opportunities

[[Page 136 STAT. 1617]]

in Science and Engineering, in consultation with the Chief Diversity 
Officer of the National Science Foundation, shall include--
            (1) a description of past and present policies and 
        activities of the Foundation to encourage full participation of 
        students in rural communities in science, mathematics, 
        engineering, and computer science fields;
            (2) an assessment of trends in participation of rural 
        students in prekindergarten through grade 12 in Foundation 
        activities; and
            (3) an assessment of the policies and activities of the 
        Foundation, along with proposals for new strategies or the 
        broadening of existing successful strategies towards 
        facilitating the goal of increasing participation of rural 
        students in prekindergarten through grade 12 in Foundation 
        activities.

    (h) Coordination.--In carrying out this subsection, the Director 
shall, for purposes of enhancing program effectiveness and avoiding 
duplication of activities, consult, cooperate, and coordinate with the 
programs and policies of other relevant Federal agencies.
    (i) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  Authorization of Appropriations.--There 
are authorized to be appropriated to the Director--
            (1) $8,000,000 to carry out the activities under subsection 
        (a) for each of fiscal years 2023 through 2027; and
            (2) $12,000,000 to carry out the activities under subsection 
        (b) for each of fiscal years 2023 through 2027.
SEC. 10513. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19173.>>  OPPORTUNITIES FOR ONLINE 
                            EDUCATION.

    (a) In General.--The Director shall make competitive awards to 
institutions of higher education or nonprofit organizations (or a 
consortium thereof, which may include a private sector partner) to 
conduct research on online STEM education courses for rural communities.
    (b) Research Areas.--The research areas eligible for funding under 
this subsection shall include--
            (1) evaluating the learning and achievement of rural 
        students in prekindergarten through grade 12 in STEM subjects;
            (2) understanding how computer-based and online professional 
        development courses and mentor experiences can be integrated to 
        meet the needs of educators, principals, and other school 
        leaders of rural students in prekindergarten through grade 12;
            (3) combining computer-based and online STEM education and 
        training with mentoring and other applied learning arrangements;
            (4) leveraging online programs to supplement STEM studies 
        for rural students that need physical and academic 
        accommodation; and
            (5) any other activity the Director determines will 
        accomplish the goals of this subsection.

    (c) <<NOTE: Plan.>>  Evaluations.--All proposals for awards under 
this section shall include an evaluation plan that includes the use of 
outcome-oriented measures to assess the impact and efficacy of the 
award. Each recipient of an award under this subsection shall include 
results from these evaluative activities in annual and final projects.

    (d) Accountability and Dissemination.--

[[Page 136 STAT. 1618]]

            (1) Evaluation required.--The Director shall evaluate the 
        portfolio of awards made under this subsection. Such evaluation 
        shall--
                    (A) use a common set of benchmarks and tools to 
                assess the results of research conducted under such 
                awards and identify best practices; and
                    (B) to the extent practicable, integrate findings 
                from activities carried out pursuant to research 
                conducted under this section, with respect to the 
                pursuit of careers and degrees in STEM, with those 
                activities carried out pursuant to other research on 
                serving rural students and communities.
            (2) <<NOTE: Public information.>>  Report on evaluations.--
        Not later than 180 days after the completion of the evaluation 
        under paragraph (1), the Director shall submit to Congress and 
        make widely available to the public a report that includes--
                    (A) the results of the evaluation; and
                    (B) <<NOTE: Recommenda- tions.>>  any 
                recommendations for administrative and legislative 
                action that could optimize the effectiveness of the 
                awards made under this section.

    (e) <<NOTE: Consultation.>>  Coordination.--In carrying out this 
section, the Director shall, for purposes of enhancing program 
effectiveness and avoiding duplication of activities, consult, 
cooperate, and coordinate with the programs and policies of other 
relevant Federal agencies.
SEC. 10514. <<NOTE: Recommenda- tions.>>  NATIONAL ACADEMIES 
                            EVALUATION.

    (a) <<NOTE: Deadline. Contracts. Assessment.>>  Study.--Not later 
than 12 months after the date of enactment of this division, the 
Director shall enter into an agreement with the National Academies under 
which the National Academies agree to conduct an evaluation and 
assessment that--
            (1) evaluates the quality and quantity of current Federal 
        programming and research directed at examining STEM education 
        for students in prekindergarten through grade 12 and workforce 
        development in rural areas;
            (2) <<NOTE: Coordination.>>  in coordination with the 
        Federal Communications Commission, assesses the impact that the 
        scarcity of broadband connectivity in rural communities, and the 
        affordability of broadband connectivity, have on STEM and 
        technical literacy for students in prekindergarten through grade 
        12 in rural areas;
            (3) assesses the core research and data needed to understand 
        the challenges rural areas are facing in providing quality STEM 
        education and workforce development;
            (4) makes recommendations for action at the Federal, State, 
        and local levels for improving STEM education, including online 
        STEM education, for students in prekindergarten through grade 12 
        and workforce development in rural areas; and
            (5) makes recommendations to inform the implementation of 
        programs in sections 10512 and 10513 (___-LOG262) and (___-
        LOG263).

    (b) <<NOTE: Requirement.>>  Report to Director.--The agreement 
entered into under subsection (a) shall require the National Academies, 
not later than 24 months after the date of enactment of this division, 
to submit to the Director a report on the study conducted under such 
paragraph, including the National Academies' findings and 
recommendations.

[[Page 136 STAT. 1619]]

    (c) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  Authorization of Appropriations.--There 
are authorized to be appropriated to the Director to carry out this 
section $1,000,000 for fiscal year 2023.
SEC. 10515. <<NOTE: Study. Reports. Assessments.>>  GAO REVIEW.

    Not later than 3 years after the date of enactment of this division, 
the Comptroller General of the United States shall conduct a study on 
the engagement of rural populations in Federal STEM education programs 
and submit to Congress a report that includes--
            (1) an assessment of how Federal STEM education programs are 
        serving rural populations;
            (2) a description of initiatives carried out by Federal 
        agencies that are targeted at supporting STEM education in rural 
        areas;
            (3) an assessment of what is known about the impact and 
        effectiveness of Federal investments in STEM education programs 
        that are targeted to rural areas; and
            (4) an assessment of challenges that State and Federal STEM 
        education programs face in reaching rural population centers.
SEC. 10516. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19174.>>  NIST ENGAGEMENT WITH RURAL 
                            COMMUNITIES.

    (a) Prize Competition.--Pursuant to section 24 of the Stevenson-
Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 3719), the Secretary 
of Commerce shall carry out a program to award prizes competitively to 
stimulate research and development of creative technologies to support 
the deployment of affordable and reliable broadband connectivity in 
rural communities, including unserved rural communities.
    (b) <<NOTE: Proposal.>>  Plan for Deployment in Rural Communities.--
Each proposal submitted pursuant to subsection (a) shall include a 
proposed plan for deployment of the technology that is the subject of 
such proposal.

    (c) Prize Amount.--In carrying out the program under subsection (a), 
the Secretary may award not more than a total of $5,000,000 to one or 
more winners of the prize competition.
    (d) Report.--Not later than 60 days after the date on which a prize 
is awarded under the prize competition, the Secretary shall submit to 
the relevant committees of Congress a report that describes the winning 
proposal of the prize competition.
    (e) Consultation.--In carrying out the program under this section, 
the Secretary shall consult with the Federal Communications Commission 
and the heads of relevant departments and agencies of the Federal 
Government.

                    Subtitle C--MSI STEM Achievement

SEC. 10521. GAO REVIEW.

    Not later <<NOTE: Deadline.>>  than three years after the date of 
the enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General of the United States 
shall report to Congress--
            (1) <<NOTE: Inventory.>>  an inventory of competitive 
        funding programs and initiatives carried out by Federal research 
        agencies that are targeted to HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs or 
        partnerships with HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs;
            (2) <<NOTE: Assessment.>>  an assessment of Federal research 
        agency outreach activities to increase the participation and 
        competitiveness of

[[Page 136 STAT. 1620]]

        HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs in the funding programs and initiatives 
        identified in paragraph (1); and
            (3) <<NOTE: Recommenda- tions.>>  recommendations of the 
        Comptroller General to increase the participation of and the 
        rate of success of HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs in competitive funding 
        programs offered by Federal research agencies.
SEC. 10522. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19181.>>  AGENCY RESPONSIBILITIES.

    (a) In General.--In consultation with outside stakeholders and the 
heads of Federal research agencies and the Interagency Working Group on 
Inclusion in STEM, the Director of the Office of Science and Technology 
Policy shall develop a uniform set of policy guidelines for Federal 
research agencies to carry out a sustained program of outreach 
activities to increase clarity, transparency, and accountability for 
Federal research agency investments in STEM education and research 
activities at HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs, including such institutions in 
rural areas.
    (b) Outreach Activities.--In developing policy guidelines under 
subsection (a) the Director of the Office of Science and Technology 
Policy shall include guidelines that require each Federal research 
agency--
            (1) to designate a liaison for HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs 
        responsible for--
                    (A) enhancing direct communication with HBCUs, TCUs, 
                and MSIs to increase the Federal research agency's 
                understanding of the capacity and needs of such 
                institutions and to raise awareness of available Federal 
                funding opportunities at such institutions;
                    (B) coordinating programs, activities, and 
                initiatives while accounting for the capacity and needs 
                of HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs;
                    (C) tracking Federal research agency investments in 
                and engagement with HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs; and
                    (D) reporting progress toward increasing 
                participation of HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs in award 
                programs;
            (2) to the extent practicable, to produce an annual summary 
        of funding opportunities and proposal deadlines targeted at 
        HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs, including for grants, contracts, 
        subcontracts, and cooperative agreements;
            (3) to the extent practicable, identifying in annual budget 
        requests potential areas for collaboration with HBCUs, TCUs, and 
        MSIs in the relevant fiscal year, including relating to 
        potential meetings and workshops;
            (4) to investigate proposal structures that support broader 
        participation by emerging research institutions, including 
        HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs;
            (5) to conduct on-site reviews of research facilities at 
        HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs, as practicable, and make recommendations 
        regarding strategies for becoming more competitive in research;
            (6) to hold geographically accessible or virtual workshops 
        on research priorities of the Federal research agency and on how 
        to write competitive award proposals and how to bolster award 
        management capacity for the entire award lifecycle, from 
        application to completion;
            (7) to ensure opportunities for HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs to 
        directly communicate with Federal research agency officials

[[Page 136 STAT. 1621]]

        responsible for managing competitive award programs in order to 
        receive feedback on research ideas and proposals, including 
        guidance on the Federal research agency's merit review process; 
        and
            (8) to foster mutually beneficial public-private 
        collaboration among Federal research agencies, industry, Federal 
        laboratories, academia, and nonprofit organizations to--
                    (A) identify alternative sources of funding for STEM 
                education and research at HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs;
                    (B) provide access to high-quality, relevant 
                research experiences for students and faculty of HBCUs, 
                TCUs, and MSIs;
                    (C) expand the professional networks of students and 
                faculty of HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs;
                    (D) broaden STEM educational opportunities for 
                students and faculty of HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs; and
                    (E) support the transition of students of HBCUs, 
                TCUs, and MSIs into the STEM workforce;

    (c) Strategic Plan.--
            (1) <<NOTE: Reports.>>  In general.--Not later than one year 
        after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Director of the 
        Office of Science and Technology Policy, in collaboration with 
        the head of each Federal research agency, shall submit to 
        Congress a report containing a strategic plan which reflects the 
        plans of each Federal research agency to increase the capacity 
        of HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs to compete effectively for grants, 
        contracts, or cooperative agreements and to encourage HBCUs, 
        TCUs, and MSIs to participate in Federal programs.
            (2) Considerations.--In developing a strategic plan under 
        paragraph (1), the Director and the head of each Federal 
        research agency shall consider the following:
                    (A) Issuing new or expanding existing funding 
                opportunities targeted to HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs.
                    (B) Modifying existing research and development 
                program solicitations to incentivize effective 
                partnerships with HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs.
                    (C) Offering planning grants for HBCUs, TCUs, and 
                MSIs to develop or equip grant offices with the 
                requisite depth of knowledge to submit competitive grant 
                proposals and manage awarded grants.
                    (D) Offering additional training programs, including 
                individualized and timely guidance to grant officers, 
                faculty, and postdoctoral researchers at HBCUs, TCUs, 
                and MSIs to ensure their understanding of the 
                requirements for an effective grant proposal.
                    (E) Other approaches for making current competitive 
                funding models more accessible for underresourced HBCUs, 
                TCUs, and MSIs.

    (d) Report on Policy Guidelines.--Not later than two years after the 
date of the enactment of this Act and every five years thereafter, the 
Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy shall report to 
Congress on the implementation by Federal research agencies of the 
policy guidelines developed under this section.
    (e) Report on Coordination of Federal STEM Education.--Subsection 
(d) of section 101(d) of the America COMPETES Reauthorization Act of 
2010 (42 U.S.C. 6621) is amended--

[[Page 136 STAT. 1622]]

            (1) in paragraph (7) by striking ``and'';
            (2) in paragraph (8) by striking the period at the end;
            (3) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(9) an account of Federal research agency investments in 
        HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs, including, to the degree practicable, 
        data on the level of participation of HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs as 
        prime recipients, contractors, subrecipients, or subcontractors 
        of an award, or reasonable estimates thereof; and
            ``(10) a description of material changes to the 
        implementation of section 10522 of the Research and Development, 
        Competition, and Innovation Act.''.
SEC. 10523. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19182.>>  RESEARCH AT THE NATIONAL 
                            SCIENCE FOUNDATION.

    (a) In General.--The Director shall make awards, on a competitive 
basis, to institutions of higher education or nonprofit organizations 
(or consortia thereof) to--
            (1) conduct research described in subsection (b) with 
        respect to HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs; and
            (2) identify and broadly disseminate effective models for 
        programs and practices at HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs that promote the 
        education and workforce preparation of minority students 
        pursuing STEM studies and careers in which such students are 
        underrepresented.

    (b) Research.--Research described in this subsection is research on 
the contribution of HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs to the education and training 
of underrepresented minority students in STEM fields and to the meeting 
of national STEM workforce needs, including relating to the following:
            (1) The diversity with respect to local context, cultural 
        differences, and institutional structure among HBCUs, TCUs, and 
        MSIs and any associated impact on education and research 
        endeavors.
            (2) Effective practices at HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs and 
        associated outcomes on student recruitment, retention, and 
        advancement in STEM fields, including the ability for students 
        to compete for fellowships, employment, and advancement in the 
        workforce.
            (3) Contributions made by HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs to local, 
        regional, and national workforces.
            (4) The challenges and opportunities for HBCUs, TCUs, and 
        MSIs in attaining the resources needed for integrating effective 
        practices in STEM education, including providing research 
        experiences for underrepresented minority students.
            (5) The access of students at HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs to STEM 
        infrastructure and any associated outcomes for STEM competency.
            (6) Models of STEM curriculum, learning, and teaching 
        successful at HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs for increasing 
        participation, retention, and success of underrepresented 
        minority students.
            (7) Successful or promising partnerships between HBCUs, 
        TCUs, and MSIs and other institutions of higher education, 
        private sector and nonprofit organizations, Federal 
        laboratories, and international research institutions.

    (c) Research Experiences.--Awards under this section may fund the 
development or expansion of opportunities for the exchange

[[Page 136 STAT. 1623]]

of students and faculty to conduct research, facilitate professional 
development, and provide mentorship, including through partnerships with 
institutions of higher education that are not HBCUs, TCUs, or MSIs, 
private sector and nonprofit organizations, Federal laboratories, and 
international research institutions.
SEC. 10524. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19183.>>  CAPACITY-BUILDING PROGRAM FOR 
                            DEVELOPING UNIVERSITIES.

    (a) Awards.--
            (1) In general.--The Director shall make awards, on a 
        competitive basis, to eligible institutions described in 
        subsection (b) to support the mission of the Foundation and to 
        build institutional research capacity at eligible institutions.
            (2) Administration.--The Director may administer separate 
        competitions for each category of eligible institution described 
        in subparagraphs (A) through (C) of subsection (b)(1) in order 
        to ensure fair competition for institutions with significantly 
        different research capacities.

    (b) Eligible Institutions.--To be eligible to receive an award under 
this subsection, an entity--
            (1) shall be--
                    (A) a historically Black college or university;
                    (B) a Tribal College or University;
                    (C) a minority-serving institution;
                    (D) an institution of higher education with an 
                established STEM capacity-building program focused on 
                Native Hawaiians and Alaska Natives; or
                    (E) consortia thereof;
            (2) shall--
                    (A) have not more than $50,000,000 in annual 
                federally financed research and development expenditures 
                for science and engineering as reported through the 
                National Science Foundation Higher Education Research 
                and Development Survey; or
                    (B) not be an institution classified as having very 
                high research activity by the Carnegie Classification of 
                Institutions of Higher Education.

    (c) Partnerships.--In making awards under this section, the Director 
shall--
            (1) encourage entities that are consortia of eligible 
        institutions to submit proposals and require such proposals to 
        include a plan for establishing a sustained partnership that is 
        jointly developed and managed, draws from the capacities of each 
        institution, and is mutually beneficial;
            (2) encourage proposals submitted in partnership with the 
        private sector, nonprofit organizations, Federal laboratories, 
        and international research institutions, as appropriate;
            (3) require proposals described in paragraphs (1) and (2) to 
        include a plan to strengthen the administrative and research 
        capacity of the partnering HBCUs, TCUs, or MSIs to lead future 
        proposals.

    (d) Very High Research Activity Status Historically Black Colleges 
and Universities Program.--Awards under this section may be used to 
enable HBCUs which have high research activity status to achieve very 
high research activity status, as classified under the Carnegie 
Classification of Institutions of Higher Education, by enabling--

[[Page 136 STAT. 1624]]

            (1) faculty professional development;
            (2) stipends for graduate and undergraduate students, and 
        postdoctoral scholars;
            (3) acquisition of laboratory equipment and instrumentation; 
        and
            (4) other activities as necessary to build research 
        capacity.

    (e) Proposals.--To receive an award under this subsection, an 
eligible institution shall submit an application to the Director at such 
time, in such manner, and containing such information as the Director 
may require, including--
            (1) <<NOTE: Plan.>>  a plan that describes how the eligible 
        institution will establish or expand research office capacity 
        and how such award would be used to--
                    (A) <<NOTE: Assessment.>>  conduct an assessment of 
                capacity-building and research infrastructure needs of 
                an eligible institution;
                    (B) enhance institutional resources to provide 
                administrative research development support to faculty 
                at an eligible institution;
                    (C) bolster the institutional research 
                competitiveness of an eligible institution to support 
                awards made by the Foundation;
                    (D) support the acquisition of instrumentation 
                necessary to build research capacity at an eligible 
                institution in research areas directly associated with 
                the Foundation;
                    (E) increase capability of an eligible institution 
                to move technology into the marketplace;
                    (F) increase engagement with industry to execute 
                research through the SBIR and STTR programs (as such 
                terms are defined in section 9(e) of the Small Business 
                Act (15 U.S.C. 638(e)) and direct contracts at an 
                eligible institution;
                    (G) enhance STEM curriculum and research training 
                opportunities at the undergraduate, graduate, and 
                postdoctoral levels at an eligible institution;
                    (H) further faculty development initiatives and 
                strengthen institutional research training 
                infrastructure, capacity, and competitiveness of an 
                eligible institution;
                    (I) address plans and prospects for long-term 
                sustainability of institutional enhancements at an 
                eligible institution resulting from the award including, 
                if applicable, how the award may be leveraged by an 
                eligible institution to build a broader base of support; 
                and
                    (J) develop and implement mechanisms for 
                institutions of higher education to partner with HBCUs, 
                TCUs, and MSIs on STEM education, including the 
                facilitation of student exchanges, course and resource 
                sharing, collaboration, and matriculation of students to 
                either institution's graduate programs, mentoring 
                programs for students and junior faculty, joint research 
                projects, and student access to graduate education; and
            (2) <<NOTE: Plan. Update. Time period.>>  as relevant, a 
        plan, which shall be updated every three years, that describes 
        the institution's strategy to achieve very high research 
        activity status, including making investments with institutional 
        and non-Federal funds, to achieve that status within a decade of 
        the grant award, to the extent practicable.

    (f) MSI Centers of Innovation.--Awards under this section may fund 
the establishment of not more than five MSI Centers

[[Page 136 STAT. 1625]]

of Innovation to leverage successes of HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs in STEM 
education and research training of underrepresented minority students as 
models for other institutions, including both HBCUs, TCUs, and MSIs and 
institutions of higher education that are not HBCUs, TCUs, or MSIs. Such 
centers will be located on campuses of selected HBCUs, TCUs, or MSIs, 
and serve as incubators to allow institutions of higher education to 
experiment, pilot, evaluate, and scale up promising practices.
    (g) <<NOTE: Time periods.>>  Awards.--Awards made under this 
subsection shall be for periods of three years and may be extended for 
periods of not more than five years.

    (h) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  Authorization of Appropriations.--There 
are authorized to be appropriated to the Director $200,000,000 for 
fiscal year 2023 and $250,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2024 through 
2027 to carry out the activities in this section and section 10523.

    (i) Report on Improving the Research Capacity at High Research 
Activity Historically Black Colleges and Universities.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than one year after the date of 
        the enactment of this Act, the National Science and Technology 
        Council shall prepare and submit a report that--
                    (A) identifies challenges and barriers to Federal 
                research and development awards for high research 
                activity status HBCUs; and
                    (B) <<NOTE: Recommenda- tions.>>  identifies 
                recommendations for Federal research agencies to 
                sustainably boost the research capacity of high research 
                activity status HBCUs through awards-making authorities.
            (2) <<NOTE: Determination.>>  Report submission.--The 
        National Science and Technology Council shall transmit the 
        report required under paragraph (1) to the Director, the 
        Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space 
        Administration, the Secretary of Agriculture, the Secretary of 
        Commerce, the Secretary of Defense, the Secretary of Energy, the 
        Secretary of Health and Human Services, and the heads of other 
        such agencies as determined relevant by the National Science and 
        Technology Council.
            (3) Information from federal agencies.--The National Science 
        and Technology Council may secure directly from a Federal 
        department or agency such information as the National Science 
        and Technology Council considers necessary to prepare the report 
        required under paragraph (1). Upon a request from the National 
        Science and Technology Council, the head of a Federal department 
        or agency shall furnish such information as is requested to the 
        National Science and Technology Council.
SEC. 10525. TRIBAL COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES PROGRAM.

    (a) Awards to Broaden Tribal College and University Student 
Participation in Computer Science.--Section 525 of the America COMPETES 
Reauthorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 1862p-13) is amended by adding at 
the end the following:
    ``(d) Awards to Broaden Tribal College and University Student 
Participation in Computer Science.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Director, as part of the program 
        authorized under this section, shall make awards on a 
        competitive, merit-reviewed basis to eligible entities to 
        increase the participation of Tribal populations in computer 
        science and computational thinking education programs to enable 
        students

[[Page 136 STAT. 1626]]

        to develop skills and competencies in coding, problem-solving, 
        critical thinking, creativity and collaboration.
            ``(2) <<NOTE: Research and development.>>  Purpose.--Awards 
        made under this subsection shall support--
                    ``(A) research and development needed to bring 
                computer science and computational thinking courses and 
                degrees to Tribal Colleges or Universities;
                    ``(B) research and development of instructional 
                materials needed to integrate computer science and 
                computational thinking into programs that are culturally 
                relevant to students attending Tribal Colleges or 
                Universities;
                    ``(C) research, development and evaluation of 
                distance education for computer science and 
                computational thinking courses and degree programs for 
                students attending Tribal Colleges and Universities; and
                    ``(D) other activities consistent with the 
                activities described in paragraphs (1) through (4) of 
                subsection (b), as determined by the Director.
            ``(3) Partnerships.--A Tribal College or University seeking 
        an award under this subsection, or consortia thereof, may 
        partner with an institution of higher education or nonprofit 
        organization with demonstrated expertise in academic program 
        development.
            ``(4) <<NOTE: Consultation.>>  Coordination.--In carrying 
        out this subsection, the Director shall consult and cooperate 
        with the programs and policies of other relevant Federal 
        agencies to avoid duplication with and enhance the effectiveness 
        of the program under this subsection.
            ``(5) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  Authorization of 
        appropriations.--There are authorized to be appropriated to the 
        Director $2,000,000 in each of fiscal years 2023 through 2027 to 
        carry out this subsection.''.

    (b) Evaluation.--
            (1) <<NOTE: Deadline.>>  In general.--Not later than two 
        years after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Director 
        shall evaluate the award program authorized under section 525 of 
        the America COMPETES Reauthorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 
        1862p-13), as amended by subsection (a).
            (2) <<NOTE: Assessments.>>  Requirements.--In conducting the 
        evaluation under paragraph (1), the Director shall, as 
        practicable--
                    (A) use a common set of benchmarks and assessment 
                tools to identify best practices and materials developed 
                or demonstrated by the research conducted pursuant to 
                award programs under section 525 of the America COMPETES 
                Reauthorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 1862p-13), as 
                amended by subsection (a);
                    (B) include an assessment of the effectiveness of 
                such award programs in expanding access to high quality 
                STEM education, research, and outreach at Tribal 
                Colleges or Universities, as applicable;
                    (C) assess the number of students who participated 
                in such award programs; and
                    (D) assess the percentage of students participating 
                in such award programs who successfully complete their 
                education programs.
            (3) <<NOTE: Public information. Recommenda- tions.>>  
        Report.--Not later than 180 days after the date on which the 
        evaluation under paragraph (1) is completed, the

[[Page 136 STAT. 1627]]

        Director shall submit to Congress and make available to the 
        public, a report on the results of the evaluation, including any 
        recommendations for legislative action that could optimize the 
        effectiveness of the award program authorized under section 525 
        of the America COMPETES Reauthorization Act of 2010, as amended 
        by subsection (a).
SEC. 10526. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19184.>>  DEFINITIONS.

    In this subtitle:
            (1) Director.--The term ``Director'' means the Director of 
        the National Science Foundation.
            (2) HBCU.--The term ``HBCU'' has the meaning given the term 
        ``part B institution'' in section 322 of the Higher Education 
        Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1061).
            (3) Minority serving institution.--The term ``minority 
        serving institution'' or ``MSI'' means Hispanic-Serving 
        Institutions as defined in section 502 of the Higher Education 
        Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1101a); Alaska Native Serving 
        Institutions and Native Hawaiian-Serving Institutions as defined 
        in section 317 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 
        1059d); and Predominantly Black Institutions, Asian American and 
        Native American Pacific Islander-Serving Institutions, and 
        Native American-Serving Nontribal Institutions as defined in 
        section 371 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 
        1067q(c)).
            (4) TCU.--The term ``TCU'' has the meaning given the term 
        ``Tribal College or University'' in section 316 of the Higher 
        Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1059c).

           Subtitle D--Combating Sexual Harassment in Science

SEC. 10531. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19191.>>  FINDINGS.

    Congress makes the following findings:
            (1) According to the report issued by the National Academies 
        of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine in 2018 entitled ``Sexual 
        Harassment of Women: Climate, Culture, and Consequences in 
        Academic Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine''--
                    (A) sexual harassment is pervasive in institutions 
                of higher education;
                    (B) the most common type of sexual harassment is 
                gender harassment;
                    (C) 58 percent of individuals in the academic 
                workplace experience sexual harassment, the second 
                highest rate when compared to the military, the private 
                sector, and Federal, State, and local government;
                    (D) women who are members of racial or ethnic 
                minority groups are more likely to experience sexual 
                harassment and to feel unsafe at work than White women, 
                White men, or men who are members of such groups;
                    (E) the training for each individual who has a 
                Doctor of Philosophy in the science, technology, 
                engineering, and mathematics fields is estimated to cost 
                approximately $500,000; and
                    (F) attrition of an individual so trained results in 
                a loss of talent and money.

[[Page 136 STAT. 1628]]

            (2) According to a 2017 University of Illinois study, among 
        astronomers and planetary scientists, 18 percent of women who 
        are members of racial or ethnic minority groups and 12 percent 
        of White women skipped professional events because they did not 
        feel safe attending.
            (3) Reporting procedures with respect to sexual harassment 
        are inconsistent among Federal research agencies and have 
        varying degrees of accessibility.
            (4) There is not adequate communication among Federal 
        research agencies and between such agencies and recipients 
        regarding reports of sexual harassment, which has resulted in 
        harassers receiving Federal funding after moving to a different 
        institution.
SEC. 10532. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19192.>> PURPOSE.

    The purpose of this subtitle is to increase understanding of the 
causes and consequences of sex-based and sexual harassment, as discussed 
in the report issued by the National Academies in 2018 entitled ``Sexual 
Harassment of Women: Climate, Culture, and Consequences in Academic 
Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine'', and to advance evidence-based 
approaches to reduce the prevalence and negative impact of such 
harassment.
SEC. 10533. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19193.>>  DEFINITION.

    In this subtitle, the term ``Director'' means the Director of the 
National Science Foundation.
SEC. 10534. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19194.>> RESEARCH AWARDS.

    (a) In General.--The Director shall make awards, on a competitive 
basis, to institutions of higher education or nonprofit organizations 
(or consortia of such institutions or organizations)--
            (1) to expand research efforts to better understand the 
        factors contributing to, and consequences of, sex-based and 
        sexual harassment affecting individuals in the STEM workforce, 
        including students and trainees; and
            (2) <<NOTE: Examination.>>  to examine approaches to reduce 
        the incidence and negative consequences of such harassment.

    (b) Use of Funds.--Activities funded by an award under this section 
may include--
            (1) research on the sex-based and sexual harassment 
        experiences of individuals, including in racial and ethnic 
        minority groups, disabled individuals, foreign nationals, 
        sexual-minority individuals, and others;
            (2) <<NOTE: Assessments.>>  development and assessment of 
        policies, procedures, trainings, and interventions, with respect 
        to sex-based and sexual harassment, conflict management, and 
        ways to foster respectful and inclusive climates;
            (3) research on approaches for remediating the negative 
        impacts and outcomes of such harassment on individuals 
        experiencing such harassment;
            (4) support for institutions of higher education or 
        nonprofit organizations to develop, adapt, implement, and assess 
        the impact of innovative, evidence-based strategies, policies, 
        and approaches to policy implementation to prevent and address 
        sex-based and sexual harassment;
            (5) research on alternatives to the power dynamics, 
        hierarchical, and dependent relationships, including but not 
        limited to the mentor-mentee relationship, in academia that have 
        been

[[Page 136 STAT. 1629]]

        shown to create higher levels of risk for and lower levels of 
        reporting of sex- based and sexual harassment; and
            (6) establishing a center for the ongoing compilation, 
        management, and analysis of organizational climate survey data.
SEC. 10535. RESPONSIBLE CONDUCT GUIDE.

    (a) <<NOTE: Contracts. Reports. Update. Standards.>>  In General.--
Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the 
Director shall enter into an agreement with the National Academies to 
update the report entitled ``On Being a Scientist: A Guide to 
Responsible Conduct in Research'' issued by the National Academies. The 
report, as so updated, shall include--
            (1) updated professional standards of conduct in research;
            (2) promising practices for preventing, addressing, and 
        mitigating the negative impact of sex-based and sexual 
        harassment, to include--
                    (A) standards of treatment individuals can expect to 
                receive under updated standards of conduct;
                    (B) evidence-based practices for fostering a climate 
                intolerant of sex-based, sexual, and other forms of 
                harassment;
                    (C) methods, including bystander intervention, for 
                identifying and addressing incidents of such harassment; 
                and
                    (D) professional standards for mentorship and 
                teaching with an emphasis on power diffusion mechanisms 
                and preventing such harassment; and
            (3) promising practices for mitigating potential security 
        risks that threaten research security.

    (b) Report.--Not later than 18 months after the effective date of 
the agreement under subsection (a), the National Academies, as part of 
such agreement, shall submit to the Director and the Committee on 
Science, Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives and the 
Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate the 
report referred to in such subparagraph, as updated pursuant to such 
subparagraph.
SEC. 10536. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19195.>> INTERAGENCY WORKING GROUP.

    (a) <<NOTE: Establishment.>>  In General.--The Director of the 
Office of Science and Technology Policy, acting through the National 
Science and Technology Council, shall establish or designate an 
interagency working group for the purpose of coordinating Federal 
research agency efforts to reduce the prevalence of sex-based and sexual 
harassment involving award personnel. In 
coordination <<NOTE: Coordination. Consultation. Deadlines.>> with the 
working group on inclusion in STEM fields established under section 308 
of the American Innovation and Competitiveness Act (42 U.S.C. 6626) and 
the Safe Inclusive Research Environments Subcommittee of the National 
Science and Technology Council, and in consultation with representatives 
from each Federal research agency, the Office for Civil Rights at the 
Department of Health and Human Services, the Office for Civil Rights at 
the Department of Education, and the Equal Employment Opportunity 
Commission, the working group shall--
            (1) <<NOTE: Inventory.>> not later than 90 days after the 
        date of the enactment of this Act, submit to the Committee on 
        Science, Space, and Technology, the Committee on Education and 
        Labor, and the

[[Page 136 STAT. 1630]]

        Committee on Energy and Commerce of the House of Representatives 
        and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation and 
        the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions of the 
        Senate an inventory of Federal research agency policies, 
        procedures, and resources dedicated to preventing and responding 
        to reports of sex-based and sexual harassment;
            (2) not later than 6 months after the date on which the 
        inventory is submitted under paragraph (1)--
                    (A) <<NOTE: Consultation. Guidelines.>>  in 
                consultation with outside stakeholders, develop a 
                consistent set of policy guidelines for Federal research 
                agencies; and
                    (B) <<NOTE: Reports.>>  submit a report to the 
                committees referred to in paragraph (1) containing such 
                guidelines;
            (3) encourage and monitor efforts of Federal research 
        agencies to develop or maintain and implement policies based on 
        the guidelines developed under paragraph (2);
            (4) <<NOTE: Time period. Reports.>>  not later than 1 year 
        after the date on which the inventory under paragraph (1) is 
        submitted, and every 5 years thereafter, the Director of the 
        Office of Science and Technology Policy shall report to Congress 
        on the implementation by Federal research agencies of the policy 
        guidelines developed under paragraph (2); and
            (5) <<NOTE: Updates.>>  update such policy guidelines as 
        needed.

    (b) Requirements.--In developing policy guidelines under subsection 
(a)(2), the Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy 
shall include guidelines that require, to the extent practicable--
            (1) recipients to submit to the Federal research agency or 
        agencies from which the recipients receive funding reports 
        relating to--
                    (A) any decision made to launch a formal 
                investigation of sex-based or sexual harassment, 
                including bullying, retaliation, or hostile working 
                conditions by, or of, award personnel;
                    (B) administrative action, related to an allegation 
                against award personnel of any such harassment, as set 
                forth in organizational policies or codes of conduct, 
                statutes, regulations, or executive orders, that affects 
                the ability of award personnel or their trainees to 
                carry out the activities of the award;
                    (C) the total number of investigations with no 
                findings or determinations of misconduct including such 
                harassment;
                    (D) findings or determinations of such harassment, 
                as set forth in organizational policies or codes of 
                conduct, statutes, regulations, or Executive orders by, 
                or of, award personnel, including the final disposition 
                of a matter involving a violation of organizational 
                policies and processes, to include the exhaustion of 
                permissible appeals, or a determination of a sexual 
                offense in a court of law, or any other disciplinary 
                action taken;
            (2) the sharing, updating, and archiving of reports of sex- 
        based and sexual harassment from recipients submitted under 
        paragraph (1) with relevant Federal research agencies, on a 
        yearly basis and by agency request; and

[[Page 136 STAT. 1631]]

            (3) consistency among Federal research agencies with regard 
        to the policies and procedures for receiving reports submitted 
        pursuant to paragraph (1).
            (4) FERPA.--The Director of the Office of Science and 
        Technology Policy shall ensure that such guidelines and 
        requirements are consistent with the requirements of section 444 
        of the General Education Provisions Act (20 U.S.C. 1232g) 
        (commonly referred to as the ``Family Educational Rights and 
        Privacy Act of 1974'').
            (5) Privacy protections.--The Director of the Office of 
        Science and Technology Policy shall ensure that such guidelines 
        and requirements--
                    (A) do not infringe upon the privacy rights of 
                individuals associated with reports submitted to Federal 
                research agencies; and
                    (B) do not require recipients to provide interim 
                reports to Federal research agencies.

    (c) Considerations.--In carrying out subsection (a)(2), the Director 
of the Office of Science and Technology Policy shall consider issuing 
guidelines that require or incent--
            (1) recipients to periodically assess their organizational 
        climate, which may include the use of climate surveys, focus 
        groups, or exit interviews;
            (2) recipients to publish on a publicly available internet 
        website the results of assessments conducted pursuant to 
        paragraph (1), disaggregated by sex and, if practicable, race, 
        ethnicity, disability status, and sexual orientation, and in a 
        manner that does not include personally identifiable 
        information;
            (3) recipients to make public on an annual basis the number 
        of reports of sex-based and sexual harassment at that 
        institution or organization;
            (4) recipients to regularly assess and improve policies, 
        procedures, and interventions to reduce the prevalence of and 
        improve the reporting of sex-based and sexual harassment;
            (5) each entity applying for a research and development 
        award certify that a code of conduct is in place for maintaining 
        a healthy and welcoming workplace for award personnel and posted 
        on their public website;
            (6) each recipient and Federal research agency to have in 
        place mechanisms for addressing the needs of individuals who 
        have experienced sex-based and sexual harassment, including 
        those individuals seeking to reintegrate at the recipient 
        entity; and
            (7) recipients to work to create a climate intolerant of 
        sex- based and sexual harassment and that values and promotes 
        diversity and inclusion.

    (d) <<NOTE: Deadline. Policies.>>  Federal Research Agency 
Implementation.--Not later than 270 days after receiving the guidelines 
under paragraph (a)(2), each Federal research agency shall--
            (1) develop or maintain and implement policies with respect 
        to sex-based and sexual harassment that are consistent with 
        policy guidelines under subsection (a)(2) and that protect the 
        privacy of all parties involved in any report and investigation 
        of sex-based or sexual harassment, to the maximum extent 
        practicable; and

[[Page 136 STAT. 1632]]

            (2) broadly disseminate such policies to current and 
        potential recipients of research and development awards made by 
        such agency.
SEC. 10537. NATIONAL ACADEMIES ASSESSMENT.

    Not <<NOTE: Deadline. Contracts. Study. Reports.>>  later than 3 
years after the date of enactment of this Act, the Director shall enter 
into an agreement with the National Academies to undertake a study and 
issue a report on the influence of sex-based and sexual harassment in 
institutions of higher education on the career advancement of 
individuals in the STEM workforce. The study shall assess--
            (1) the state of research on sex-based and sexual harassment 
        in such workforce;
            (2) whether research demonstrates a decrease in the 
        prevalence of sex-based and sexual harassment in such workforce;
            (3) the progress made with respect to implementing 
        recommendations promulgated in the National Academies consensus 
        study report entitled ``Sexual Harassment of Women: Climate, 
        Culture, and Consequences in Academic Sciences, Engineering, and 
        Medicine'';
            (4) where to focus future efforts with respect to decreasing 
        the prevalence of sex-based and sexual harassment in such 
        institutions, including specific recommendations; and
            (5) <<NOTE: Recommenda- tions.>>  other recommendations and 
        issues, as the National Academies determines appropriate.
SEC. 10538. GAO STUDY.

     <<NOTE: Deadline.>> Not later than 3 years after the date of 
enactment of this division, the Comptroller General of the United States 
shall--
            (1) <<NOTE: Assessment.>> complete a study that assesses the 
        degree to which Federal research agencies have implemented the 
        policy guidelines developed under section 10536(a)(2) and the 
        effectiveness of that implementation; and
            (2) <<NOTE: Reports. Recommenda- tions.>>  submit a report 
        to the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House 
        of Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and 
        Transportation of the Senate on the results of such study, 
        including recommendations on potential changes to practices and 
        policies to improve those guidelines and that implementation.
SEC. 10539. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

    There is authorized to be appropriated to the Director to carry out 
this subtitle, $32,500,000.

        TITLE VI--MISCELLANEOUS SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY PROVISIONS

             Subtitle A--Supporting Early-career Researchers

SEC. 10601. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19211.>>  EARLY-CAREER RESEARCH 
                            FELLOWSHIP PROGRAM.

    (a) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  In General.--The Director of the 
National Science Foundation may establish a 2-year pilot program to make 
awards to highly qualified early-career investigators to carry out an 
independent

[[Page 136 STAT. 1633]]

research program at the institution of higher education or participating 
Federal research facility chosen by such investigator, to last for a 
period not greater than two years.

    (b) Selection Process.--The Director of the National Science 
Foundation shall select recipients under subsection (a) from among 
citizens, nationals, and lawfully admitted permanent resident aliens of 
the United States.
    (c) Outreach.--The Director of the National Science Foundation shall 
conduct program outreach to recruit fellowship applicants--
            (1) from all regions of the country;
            (2) from historically underrepresented populations in the 
        fields of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics; and
            (3) who graduate from or intend to carry out research at a 
        variety of types of institutions of higher education, 
        including--
                    (A) historically Black colleges and universities;
                    (B) Tribal Colleges and Universities;
                    (C) minority-serving institutions;
                    (D) institutions of higher education that are not 
                among the top 50 institutions in annual Federal funding 
                for research; and
                    (E) EPSCoR institutions.

    (d) Special Consideration.--The Director of the National Science 
Foundation shall give special consideration and priority to an 
application from an individual who graduated from or is intending to 
carry out research at an institution of the type specified in subsection 
(c)(3).
    (e) Reports From Fellows.--Not later than 180 days after the end of 
the pilot program under this section, each early-career investigator who 
receives an award under the pilot program shall submit to the Director 
of the National Science Foundation a report that describes how the 
early-career investigator used the award funds.
    (f) <<NOTE: Summaries.>>  Report From the Director.--Not later than 
90 days after the conclusion of the second year of the pilot program, 
the Director of the National Science Foundation shall submit to Congress 
a report that includes the following:
            (1) A summary of the uses of award funds under this section 
        and the impact of the pilot program under this section.
            (2) <<NOTE: Data.>>  Statistical summary data on fellowship 
        awardees disaggregated by race, ethnicity, sex, geography, age, 
        years since completion of doctoral degree, and institution type.
            (3) <<NOTE: Determination. Plan.>>  If determined effective, 
        a plan for permanent implementation of the pilot program.
SEC. 10602. <<NOTE: Time period.>>  AUTHORIZATION OF 
                            APPROPRIATIONS.

     There is authorized to be appropriated to the Director of the 
National Science Foundation $250,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2023 
through 2024 to carry out the activities in this subtitle.

[[Page 136 STAT. 1634]]

          Subtitle B--National Science and Technology Strategy

SEC. 10611. NATIONAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY STRATEGY.

    Section 206 of the National Science and Technology Policy, 
Organization, and Priorities Act of 1976 (42 U.S.C. 6615) is amended to 
read as follows:
``SEC. 206. NATIONAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY STRATEGY.

    ``(a) <<NOTE: Deadline. Coordination. Time period.>>  In General.--
Not later than December 31 of the year immediately after the calendar 
year in which a review under section 206B is completed, the Director of 
the Office of Science and Technology Policy shall, in coordination with 
the National Science and Technology Council, develop and submit to 
Congress a comprehensive national science and technology strategy of the 
United States to meet national research and development objectives for 
the following 4-year period (in this section referred to as `the 
national science and technology strategy').

    ``(b) Requirements.--In developing each national science and 
technology strategy described in subsection (a), the Director of the 
Office of Science and Technology Policy shall--
            ``(1) consider--
                    ``(A) the recommendations and priorities developed 
                by the review under section 206B;
                    ``(B) the most recently published interim or final 
                national security strategy report submitted pursuant to 
                section 108 of the National Security Act of 1947 (50 
                U.S.C. 3043);
                    ``(C) other relevant national plans, reports, and 
                strategies; and
                    ``(D) the strategic plans of relevant Federal 
                departments and agencies; and
            ``(2) include a description of--
                    ``(A) strategic objectives and research priorities 
                necessary to maintain and advance--
                          ``(i) the leadership of the United States in 
                      science and technology, including in the key 
                      technology focus areas, including near-term, 
                      medium-term, and long-term economic 
                      competitiveness; and
                          ``(ii) the leadership of the United States in 
                      technologies required to address societal and 
                      national challenges, including a transition to a 
                      circular economy;
                    ``(B) programs, policies, and activities that the 
                President recommends across all Federal departments and 
                agencies to achieve the strategic objectives and 
                research priorities described in subparagraph (A);
                    ``(C) plans to promote sustainability practices and 
                strategies for increasing jobs in the United States;
                    ``(D) global trends in science and technology, 
                including potential threats to the leadership of the 
                United States in science and technology and 
                opportunities for international collaboration in science 
                and technology; and
                    ``(E) plans to foster the development of 
                international partnerships to reinforce domestic policy 
                actions, build new markets, engage in collaborative 
                research, and create an

[[Page 136 STAT. 1635]]

                international environment that reflects United States 
                values and protects United States interests.

    ``(c) Consultation.--The Director of the Office of Science and 
Technology Policy shall consult as necessary with the Office of 
Management and Budget and other appropriate elements of the Executive 
Office of the President to ensure that the recommendations and 
priorities delineated in the science and technology strategy are 
incorporated in the development of annual budget requests.
    ``(d) <<NOTE: Updates.>>  Bi-Annual Briefing to Congress.--The 
Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy shall provide on 
a bi-annual basis, after each release of the national science and 
technology strategy, a briefing to the relevant congressional 
committees, which may include updates on the following:
            ``(1) The status and development of the national science and 
        technology strategy, including any significant changes.
            ``(2) The implementation of the national science and 
        technology strategy.
            ``(3) <<NOTE: Determination.>>  Any other information about 
        the national science and technology strategy, as determined by 
        the Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy.

    ``(e) <<NOTE: Public information. Web posting.>>  Publication.--The 
Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy shall, 
consistent with the protection of national security and other sensitive 
matters to the maximum extent practicable, make each national science 
and technology strategy publicly available on an internet website of the 
Office. <<NOTE: Determination.>> Each report may include a classified 
annex if the Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy 
determines such is appropriate.

    ``(f) Termination.--This section terminates on the date that is ten 
years after the date of the enactment of this section.''.
SEC. 10612. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19221.>>  STRATEGY AND REPORT ON THE 
                            NATION'S ECONOMIC SECURITY, SCIENCE, 
                            RESEARCH, AND INNOVATION TO SUPPORT 
                            THE NATIONAL SECURITY STRATEGY.

    (a) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) <<NOTE: Determination.>>  Foreign country of concern.--
        The term ``foreign country of concern'' means the People's 
        Republic of China, the Democratic People's Republic of Korea, 
        the Russian Federation, the Islamic Republic of Iran, or any 
        other country determined to be a country of concern by the 
        Department of State.
            (2) Foreign entity of concern.--The term ``foreign entity of 
        concern'' means a foreign entity that is--
                    (A) designated as a foreign terrorist organization 
                by the Secretary of State under section 219(a) of the 
                Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1189(a));
                    (B) included on the list of specially designated 
                nationals and blocked persons maintained by the Office 
                of Foreign Assets Control of the Department of the 
                Treasury (commonly known as the SDN list);
                    (C) owned by, controlled by, or subject to the 
                jurisdiction or direction of a government of a foreign 
                country that is a covered nation (as such term is 
                defined in section 4872 of title 10, United States 
                Code);
                    (D) alleged by the Attorney General to have been 
                involved in activities for which a conviction was 
                obtained under--
                          (i) chapter 37 of title 18, United States Code 
                      (commonly known as the Espionage Act);

[[Page 136 STAT. 1636]]

                          (ii) section 951 or 1030 of title 18, United 
                      States Code;
                          (iii) chapter 90 of title 18, United States 
                      Code (commonly known as the Economic Espionage Act 
                      of 1996);
                          (iv) the Arms Export Control Act (22 U.S.C. 
                      2751 et seq.);
                          (v) section 224, 225, 226, 227, or 236 of the 
                      Atomic Energy Act of 1954 (42 U.S.C. 2274, 2275, 
                      2276, 2277, and 2284);
                          (vi) the Export Control Reform Act of 2018 (50 
                      U.S.C. 4801 et seq.); or
                          (vii) the International Emergency Economic 
                      Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.); or
                    (E) <<NOTE: Determination. Consultation.>>  
                determined by the Secretary of Commerce, in consultation 
                with the Secretary of Defense and the Director of 
                National Intelligence, to be engaged in unauthorized 
                conduct that is detrimental to the national security or 
                foreign policy of the United States.
            (3) National security strategy.--The term ``national 
        security strategy'' means the national security strategy 
        required under section 108 of the National Security Act of 1947 
        (50 U.S.C. 3043).

    (b) Strategy and Report.--
            (1) <<NOTE: President. Coordination. Consultation.>>  In 
        general.--Not later than 90 days after the transmission of each 
        national security strategy under section 108(a) of the National 
        Security Act of 1947 (50 U.S.C. 3043(a)), the President, acting 
        through the Director of the Office of Science and Technology 
        Policy, shall, in coordination with the National Science and 
        Technology Council, the National Security Council, the Director 
        of the National Economic Council, and the heads of such other 
        relevant Federal agencies as the Director of the Office of 
        Science and Technology Policy considers appropriate and in 
        consultation with such nongovernmental partners as the Director 
        of the Office of Science and Technology Policy considers 
        appropriate--
                    (A) <<NOTE: Review.>>  review such strategy, 
                including the national defense strategy under subsection 
                (g) of section 113 of title 10, United States Code, and 
                the national science and technology strategy under 
                section 206 of the National Science and Technology 
                Policy, Organization, and Priorities Act of 1976 (42 
                U.S.C. 6615), programs, and resources as the Director of 
                the Office of Science and Technology Policy determines 
                pertain to United States' national competitiveness in 
                science, technology, research, innovation, and 
                technology transfer activities, including patenting and 
                licensing, that support the national security strategy;
                    (B) develop or revise a national strategy to improve 
                the national competitiveness of United States science, 
                technology, research, and innovation to support the 
                national security strategy; and
                    (C) submit to Congress--
                          (i) a report on the findings of the Director 
                      of the Office of Science and Technology Policy 
                      with respect to the review conducted pursuant to 
                      subparagraph (A); and

[[Page 136 STAT. 1637]]

                          (ii) the strategy developed or revised 
                      pursuant to subparagraph (B).
            (2) Termination.--This subsection terminates on the date 
        that is 5 years after the date of the enactment of this Act.

    (c) Elements.--
            (1) <<NOTE: Assessments.>>  Report.--Each report submitted 
        under subsection (b)(1)(C)(i) shall include the following:
                    (A) An assessment of the efforts of the United 
                States Government to preserve United States leadership 
                in key emerging technologies and prevent United States 
                strategic competitors from leveraging advanced 
                technologies to gain strategic military or economic 
                advantages over the United States.
                    (B) An assessment of public and private investment 
                in science and technology relevant to national security 
                purposes, and the implications of such for the 
                geostrategic position of the United States.
                    (C) A description of the prioritized economic 
                security interests and objectives.
                    (D) An assessment of global trends in science and 
                technology, including potential threats to the national 
                security of the United States in science and technology.
                    (E) An assessment of the national debt and its 
                implications for the economic and national security of 
                the United States.
                    (F) An assessment of how regional innovation 
                capacity efforts in STEM fields are contributing and 
                could contribute to the national security the United 
                States, including programs run by State and local 
                governments.
                    (G) An assessment of the following:
                          (i) Workforce needs for competitiveness in 
                      technology areas identified in the national 
                      security strategy.
                          (ii) Any efforts needed to expand pathways 
                      into technology fields to achieve the goals of the 
                      national security strategy.
                    (H) An assessment of barriers to the development, 
                evolution, or competitiveness of start-ups, small and 
                mid-sized business entities, and industries that are 
                critical to national security.
                    (I) An assessment of the effectiveness of the 
                Federal Government, federally funded research and 
                development centers, and national laboratories in 
                supporting and promoting the technology 
                commercialization and technology transfer of 
                technologies critical to national security.
                    (J) An assessment of manufacturing capacity, 
                logistics, and supply chain dynamics of major export 
                sectors that are critical to national security, 
                including access to a skilled workforce, physical 
                infrastructure, and broadband network infrastructure.
                    (K) An assessment of how the Federal Government is 
                increasing the participation of underrepresented 
                populations in science, research, innovation, and 
                manufacturing.
                    (L) An assessment of public-private partnerships in 
                technology commercialization in support of national 
                security, including--

[[Page 136 STAT. 1638]]

                          (i) the structure of current defense 
                      technology research and commercialization 
                      arrangements with regard to public-private 
                      partnerships; and
                          (ii) the extent to which intellectual property 
                      developed with Federal defense funding--
                                    (I) is being used to manufacture in 
                                the United States rather than in other 
                                countries; and
                                    (II) is being used by foreign 
                                business entities that are majority 
                                owned or controlled (as such term is 
                                defined in section 800.208 of title 31, 
                                Code of Federal Regulations, or a 
                                successor regulation), or minority owned 
                                greater than 25 percent by--
                                            (aa) any governmental 
                                        organization of a foreign 
                                        country of concern; or
                                            (bb) any other entity that 
                                        is--
                                                (AA) known to be owned 
                                            or controlled by any 
                                            governmental organization of 
                                            a foreign country of 
                                            concern; or
                                                (BB) organized under, or 
                                            otherwise subject to, the 
                                            laws of a foreign country of 
                                            concern.
                    (M) <<NOTE: Recommenda- tions.>>  Recommendations to 
                enhance the ability of the Federal Government to recruit 
                into Federal service and retain in such service 
                individuals with critical skills relevant to national 
                security.
                    (N) <<NOTE: Recommenda- tions.>>  Recommendations 
                for policies to protect United States leadership and the 
                allies of the United States in critical areas relevant 
                to national security through targeted export controls, 
                investment screening, and counterintelligence 
                activities.
                    (O) Informed by the interagency process established 
                under section 1758 of the Export Control Reform Act of 
                2018, a technology annex, which may be classified, 
                describing an integrated and enduring approach to the 
                identification, prioritization, development, and 
                fielding of emerging technologies relevant to national 
                security.
            (2) <<NOTE: Plans.>>  Strategy.--Each strategy submitted 
        under subsection (b)(1)(C)(ii) shall, to the extent practicable, 
        include the following:
                    (A) A plan to utilize available tools to address or 
                minimize the leading threats and challenges and to take 
                advantage of the leading opportunities, particularly in 
                regards to technologies central to international 
                competition in science and technology relevant to 
                national security purposes, including the following:
                          (i) Specific objectives, tasks, metrics, and 
                      milestones for each relevant Federal agency.
                          (ii) Strategic objectives and priorities 
                      necessary to maintain the leadership of the United 
                      States in science and technology relevant to 
                      national security purposes, including near-term, 
                      medium-term, and long-term research priorities.
                          (iii) Specific plans to safeguard research and 
                      technology funded, as appropriate, in whole or in 
                      part, by the Federal Government, including in 
                      technologies critical to national security, from 
                      theft or exfiltration by foreign entities of 
                      concern.

[[Page 136 STAT. 1639]]

                          (iv) Specific plans to support public and 
                      private sector investment in research, technology 
                      development, education and workforce development, 
                      and domestic manufacturing supportive of the 
                      national security of the United States and to 
                      foster the use of public-private partnerships.
                          (v) A description of the following:
                                    (I) How the strategy submitted under 
                                subsection (b)(1)(C)(ii) supports the 
                                national security strategy.
                                    (II) How the strategy submitted 
                                under such subsection is integrated and 
                                coordinated with the most recent--
                                            (aa) national defense 
                                        strategy under subsection (g) of 
                                        section 113 of title 10, United 
                                        States Code; and
                                            (bb) national science and 
                                        technology strategy under 
                                        section 206 of the National 
                                        Science and Technology Policy, 
                                        Organization, and Priorities Act 
                                        of 1976 (42 U.S.C. 6615).
                          (vi) A plan to encourage the governments of 
                      countries that are allies or partners of the 
                      United States to cooperate with the execution of 
                      such strategy, where appropriate.
                          (vii) A plan for strengthening the industrial 
                      base of the United States.
                          (viii) A plan to remove or update overly 
                      burdensome or outdated Federal regulations, as 
                      appropriate.
                          (ix) A plan--
                                    (I) to further incentivize industry 
                                participation in public-private 
                                partnerships for the purposes of 
                                accelerating technology research and 
                                commercialization in support of national 
                                security, including alternate ways of 
                                accounting for in-kind contributions and 
                                valuing partially manufactured products;
                                    (II) to ensure that intellectual 
                                property developed with Federal funding 
                                is commercialized in the United States; 
                                and
                                    (III) to ensure, to the maximum 
                                appropriate extent, that intellectual 
                                property developed with Federal funding 
                                is not being used by foreign business 
                                entities that are majority owned or 
                                controlled (as such term is defined in 
                                section 800.208 of title 31, Code of 
                                Federal Regulations, or a successor 
                                regulation), or minority owned greater 
                                than 25 percent by--
                                            (aa) any governmental 
                                        organization of a foreign 
                                        country of concern; or
                                            (bb) any other entity that 
                                        is--
                                                (AA) known to be owned 
                                            or controlled by any 
                                            governmental organization of 
                                            a foreign country of 
                                            concern; or
                                                (BB) organized under, or 
                                            otherwise subject to, the 
                                            laws of a foreign country of 
                                            concern.

[[Page 136 STAT. 1640]]

                          (x) An identification of additional resources, 
                      administrative action, or legislative action 
                      recommended to assist with the implementation of 
                      such strategy.

    (d) <<NOTE: Consultation.>>  Research and Development Funding.--The 
Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy shall, as the 
Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy considers 
necessary, consult with the Director of the Office of Management and 
Budget and with the heads of such other elements of the Executive Office 
of the President as the Director of the Office of Science and Technology 
Policy considers appropriate to ensure the recommendations and 
priorities with respect to research and development funding relevant to 
national security, as expressed in the most recent report and strategy 
submitted under subsection (b)(1)(C) are incorporated into the 
development of annual budget requests for Federal research agencies.

    (e) <<NOTE: Public information. Web posting.>>  Publication.--The 
Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy shall, 
consistent with the protection of national security and other sensitive 
matters and to the maximum extent practicable, make each report 
submitted under subsection (b)(1)(C)(i) publicly available on an 
internet website of the Office of Science and Technology 
Policy. <<NOTE: Determination.>> Each such report may include a 
classified annex if the Director of the Office of Science and Technology 
Policy determines such is appropriate.
SEC. 10613. QUADRENNIAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY REVIEW.

    The National Science and Technology Policy, Organization, and 
Priorities Act of 1976 (42 U.S.C. 6601 et seq.) is amended by inserting 
after section 206 the following new section:
``SEC. 206B. <<NOTE: 42 USC 6615b.>>  QUADRENNIAL SCIENCE AND 
                          TECHNOLOGY REVIEW.

    ``(a) Requirements.--
            ``(1) <<NOTE: Deadline.>>  Quadrennial reviews required.--
        Not later than December 31, 2023, and every four years 
        thereafter, the Director of the Office of Science and Technology 
        Policy shall complete a review of the science and technology 
        enterprise of the United States (in this section referred to as 
        the `quadrennial science and technology review').
            ``(2) <<NOTE: Examination. Recommenda- tions.>>  Scope.--The 
        quadrennial science and technology review shall be a 
        comprehensive examination of the science and technology strategy 
        of the United States, including recommendations for maintaining 
        global leadership in science and technology and advancing 
        science and technology to address the societal and national 
        challenges and guidance regarding the coordination of programs, 
        assets, capabilities, budget, policies, and authorities across 
        all Federal research and development programs.
            ``(3) Consultation.--The Director of the Office of Science 
        and Technology Policy shall conduct each quadrennial science and 
        technology review in consultation with the following:
                    ``(A) The National Science and Technology Council.
                    ``(B) The President's Council of Advisors on Science 
                and Technology.
                    ``(C) The National Science Board.
                    ``(D) The National Security Council.
                    ``(E) The heads of other relevant Federal agencies.
                    ``(F) Other relevant governmental and 
                nongovernmental entities, including representatives from 
                industry,

[[Page 136 STAT. 1641]]

                institutions of higher education, nonprofit 
                organizations, Members of Congress, and other policy 
                experts.
            ``(4) Coordination.--The Director of the Office of Science 
        and Technology Policy shall ensure that each quadrennial science 
        and technology review is coordinated with other relevant 
        statutorily required reviews, and to the maximum extent 
        practicable incorporates information and recommendations from 
        existing reviews to avoid duplication.

    ``(b) <<NOTE: Recommenda- tions. Assessments.>> Contents.--In each 
quadrennial science and technology review, the Director of the Office of 
Science and Technology Policy shall--
            ``(1) provide an integrated view of, and recommendations 
        for, science and technology policy across the Federal 
        Government, while considering economic and national security and 
        other societal and national challenges;
            ``(2) assess and recommend priorities for research, 
        development, and demonstration programs to maintain United 
        States leadership in science and technology, including in 
        manufacturing and industrial innovation;
            ``(3) assess and recommend priorities for research, 
        development, and demonstration programs to address societal and 
        national challenges;
            ``(4) assess the global competition in science and 
        technology and identify potential threats to the leadership of 
        the United States in science and technology and opportunities 
        for international collaboration;
            ``(5) assess and make recommendations on the science, 
        technology, engineering, mathematics, and computer science 
        workforce of the United States;
            ``(6) assess and make recommendations to improve regional 
        innovation across the United States;
            ``(7) identify and assess sectors critical for the long-term 
        resilience of United States innovation leadership across design, 
        manufacturing, supply chains, and markets;
            ``(8) assess and make recommendations to improve translation 
        of basic and applied research and the enhancement of technology 
        transfer of federally funded research;
            ``(9) identify, assess, and make recommendations to address 
        science and technology gaps that would not be met without 
        Federal investment;
            ``(10) review administrative and legislative policies and 
        funding opportunities that affect private sector science and 
        technology activities, and identify and make recommendations 
        regarding policies that maintain and grow the participation and 
        competitiveness of small- and medium-sized businesses;
            ``(11) assess and identify the infrastructure and tools 
        needed to maintain the leadership of the United States in 
        science and technology and address other societal and national 
        challenges; and
            ``(12) review administrative or legislative policies that 
        affect the science and technology enterprise and identify and 
        make recommendations regarding policies that hinder research and 
        development in the United States.

    ``(c) Reporting.--

[[Page 136 STAT. 1642]]

            ``(1) In general.--Not later than December 31 of the year in 
        which a quadrennial science and technology review is conducted, 
        the Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy 
        shall submit to Congress a report relating to such review.
            ``(2) <<NOTE: Public information. Web posting.>>  
        Publication.--The Director of the Office of Science and 
        Technology Policy shall, consistent with the protection of 
        national security and other sensitive matters to the maximum 
        extent practicable, make each report submitted under paragraph 
        (1) publicly available on an internet website of the Office of 
        Science and Technology Policy. <<NOTE: Determination.>> Each 
        report may include a classified annex if the Director of the 
        Office of Science and Technology Policy determines such 
        appropriate.

    ``(d) Termination.--This section shall terminate on the date that is 
ten years after the date of the enactment of this section.''.

                     Subtitle C--Regional Innovation

SEC. 10621. <<NOTE: Deadlines.>>  REGIONAL INNOVATION CAPACITY.

    (a) In General.--The Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 
1980 (Public Law 96-480; 15 U.S.C. 3701 et seq.) is amended--
            (1) <<NOTE: 15 USC 3723.>>  by redesignating section 28 as 
        section 30; and
            (2) by inserting after section 27 the following:
``SEC. 28. <<NOTE: 15 USC 3722a.>>  REGIONAL TECHNOLOGY AND 
                      INNOVATION HUB PROGRAM.

    ``(a) Definitions.--In this section:
            ``(1) Appropriate committees of congress.--The term 
        `appropriate committees of Congress' means--
                    ``(A) the Committee on Commerce, Science, and 
                Transportation, the Committee on Environment and Public 
                Works, and the Committee on Appropriations of the 
                Senate; and
                    ``(B) the Committee on Science, Space, and 
                Technology and the Committee on Appropriations of the 
                House of Representatives.
            ``(2) Cooperative extension services.--The term `cooperative 
        extension services' has the meaning given the term in section 
        1404 of the Food and Agriculture Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3103).
            ``(3) Site connectivity infrastructure.--The term `site 
        connectivity infrastructure' means localized driveways and 
        access roads to a facility as well as hookups to the new 
        facility for drinking water, waste water, broadband, and other 
        basic infrastructure services already present in the area.
            ``(4) Venture development organization.--The term `venture 
        development organization' has the meaning given such term in 
        section 27(a) of the Stevenson-Wydler Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 
        3722(a)).
            ``(5) Community development financial institution.--The term 
        `community development financial institution' has the meaning 
        given in section 103 of the Community Development Banking and 
        Financial Institutions Act of 1994 (12 U.S.C. 4702).
            ``(6) Minority depository institution.--The term `minority 
        depository institution' means an entity that is--

[[Page 136 STAT. 1643]]

                    ``(A) a minority depository institution, as defined 
                in section 308 of the Financial Institutions Reform, 
                Recovery, and Enforcement Act of 1989 (12 U.S.C. 1463 
                note); or
                    ``(B) considered to be a minority depository 
                institution by--
                          ``(i) the appropriate Federal banking agency; 
                      or
                          ``(ii) the National Credit Union 
                      Administration, in the case of an insured credit 
                      union.
            ``(7) Low population state.--The term `low population State' 
        means a State without an urbanized area with a population 
        greater than 250,000 as reported in the decennial census.
            ``(8) Small and rural communities.--The term `small and 
        rural community' means a noncore area, a micropolitan area, or a 
        small metropolitan statistical area with a population of not 
        more than 250,000.

    ``(b) Regional Technology and Innovation Hub Program.--
            ``(1) In general.--Subject to the availability of 
        appropriations, the Secretary shall carry out a program--
                    ``(A) to encourage new and constructive 
                collaborations among local, State, Tribal, and Federal 
                government entities, institutions of higher education, 
                the private sector, economic development organizations, 
                labor organizations, nonprofit organizations, and 
                community organizations that promote broad-based 
                regional innovation initiatives;
                    ``(B) to support eligible consortia in the 
                development and implementation of regional innovation 
                strategies;
                    ``(C) to designate eligible consortia as regional 
                technology and innovation hubs and facilitate activities 
                by consortia designated as regional technology and 
                innovation hubs in implementing their regional 
                innovation strategies--
                          ``(i) to enable United States leadership in 
                      technology and innovation sectors critical to 
                      national and economic security;
                          ``(ii) to support regional economic 
                      development and resilience, including in small 
                      cities and rural areas, and promote increased 
                      geographic diversity of innovation across the 
                      United States;
                          ``(iii) to promote the benefits of technology 
                      development and innovation for all Americans, 
                      including underserved communities and vulnerable 
                      communities;
                          ``(iv) to support the modernization and 
                      expansion of United States manufacturing based on 
                      advances in technology and innovation;
                          ``(v) to support domestic job creation and 
                      broad-based economic growth; and
                          ``(vi) to improve the pace of market 
                      readiness, industry maturation, and overall 
                      commercialization and domestic production of 
                      innovative research;
                    ``(D) to ensure that the regional technology and 
                innovation hubs address the intersection of emerging 
                technologies and either regional challenges or national 
                challenges; and
                    ``(E) to conduct ongoing research, evaluation, 
                analysis, and dissemination of best practices for 
                regional development and competitiveness in technology 
                and innovation.
            ``(2) <<NOTE: Grants. Contracts.>>  Awards.--The Secretary 
        shall carry out the program required by paragraph (1) through 
        the award of the following:

[[Page 136 STAT. 1644]]

                    ``(A) Strategy development grants or cooperative 
                agreements to eligible consortia under subsection (e).
                    ``(B) Strategy implementation grants or cooperative 
                agreements to regional technology and innovation hubs 
                under subsection (f).
            ``(3) <<NOTE: Coordination.>>  Administration.--The 
        Secretary shall carry out this section through the Assistant 
        Secretary of Commerce for Economic Development in coordination 
        with the Under Secretary of Commerce for Standards and 
        Technology.

    ``(c) Eligible Consortia.--For purposes of this section, an eligible 
consortium is a consortium that--
            ``(1) includes 1 or more of each of the following--
                    ``(A) institutions of higher education, which may 
                include Historically Black Colleges and Universities, 
                Tribal Colleges or Universities, and minority-serving 
                institutions;
                    ``(B) State, territorial, local, or Tribal 
                governments or other political subdivisions of a State, 
                including State and local agencies, or a consortium 
                thereof;
                    ``(C) industry or firms in relevant technology, 
                innovation, or manufacturing sectors;
                    ``(D) economic development organizations or similar 
                entities that are focused primarily on improving 
                science, technology, innovation, entrepreneurship, or 
                access to capital; and
                    ``(E) labor organizations or workforce training 
                organizations, which may include State and local 
                workforce development boards as established under 
                sections 101 and 107 of the Workforce Investment and 
                Opportunity Act (29 U.S.C. 3111; 3122); and
            ``(2) may include 1 or more--
                    ``(A) economic development entities with relevant 
                expertise, including a district organization (as defined 
                in section 300.3 of title 13, Code of Federal 
                Regulations, or successor regulation);
                    ``(B) organizations that contribute to increasing 
                the participation of underserved populations in science, 
                technology, innovation, and entrepreneurship;
                    ``(C) venture development organizations;
                    ``(D) organizations that promote local economic 
                stability, high-wage domestic jobs, and broad-based 
                economic opportunities, such as employee ownership 
                membership associations and State or local employee 
                ownerships and cooperative development centers, 
                financial institutions and investment funds, including 
                community development financial institutions and 
                minority depository institutions;
                    ``(E) elementary schools and secondary schools, 
                including area career and technical education schools 
                (as defined in section 3 of the Carl D. Perkins Career 
                and Technical Education Act of 2006 (29 U.S.C. 2302);
                    ``(F) National Laboratories (as defined in section 2 
                of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 15801));
                    ``(G) Federal laboratories;
                    ``(H) Manufacturing extension centers;
                    ``(I) Manufacturing USA institutes;
                    ``(J) transportation planning organizations;
                    ``(K) a cooperative extension services;

[[Page 136 STAT. 1645]]

                    ``(L) organizations that represent the perspectives 
                of underserved communities in economic development 
                initiatives; and
                    ``(M) institutions receiving an award under section 
                10388 of the Research and Development, Competition, and 
                Innovation Act.

    ``(d) Designation of Regional Technology and Innovation Hubs.--
            ``(1) <<NOTE: Reviews.>> In general.--In carrying out 
        subsection (b)(1)(C), the Secretary shall use a competitive, 
        merit-review process to designate eligible consortia as regional 
        technology and innovation hubs.
            ``(2) Distribution.--In conducting the competitive process 
        under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall ensure geographic and 
        demographic diversity in the designation of regional technology 
        hubs by, subject to available appropriations, designating at 
        least 20 technology hubs, and--
                    ``(A) seeking to designate at least three technology 
                hubs in each region covered by a regional office of the 
                Economic Development Administration, while--
                          ``(i) ensuring that not fewer than one-third 
                      of eligible consortia so designated as regional 
                      technology hubs significantly benefit a small and 
                      rural community, which may include a State or 
                      territory described in clauses (ii) and (iii);
                          ``(ii) ensuring that not fewer than one-third 
                      of eligible consortia so designated as regional 
                      technology hubs include as a member of the 
                      eligible consortia at least 1 member that is a 
                      State or territory that is eligible to receive 
                      funding from the Established Program to Stimulate 
                      Competitive Research of the National Science 
                      Foundation; and
                          ``(iii) ensuring that at least one eligible 
                      consortium so designated as a regional technology 
                      hub is headquartered in a low population State 
                      that is eligible to receive funding from the 
                      Established Program to Stimulate Competitive 
                      Research of the National Science Foundation;
                    ``(B) seeking to designate an additional two 
                regional technology hubs based on selection factors 
                which shall include likelihood of success and may 
                include regional factors such as the extent to which the 
                regional technology and innovation hub significantly 
                engages and benefits underserved communities in and near 
                metropolitan areas;
                    ``(C) encouraging eligible consortia to leverage 
                institutions of higher education serving populations 
                historically underrepresented in STEM, including 
                historically Black Colleges and Universities, Tribal 
                Colleges or Universities, and minority-serving 
                institutions to significantly benefit an area or region; 
                and
                    ``(D) encouraging proposals from eligible consortia 
                that would significantly benefit an area or region whose 
                economy significantly relies on or has recently relied 
                on coal, oil, or natural gas production or development.
            ``(3) Relation to certain grant awards.--The Secretary shall 
        not require an eligible consortium to receive a grant or 
        cooperative agreement under subsection (e) in order to be

[[Page 136 STAT. 1646]]

        designated as a regional technology and innovation hub under 
        paragraph (1) of this subsection.

    ``(e) <<NOTE: Contracts.>>  Strategy Development Grants and 
Cooperative Agreements.--
            ``(1) <<NOTE: Reviews.>> In general.--The Secretary shall 
        use a competitive, merit-review process to award grants or 
        cooperative agreements to eligible consortia for the development 
        of regional innovation strategies.
            ``(2) Number of recipients.--Subject to availability of 
        appropriations, the Secretary shall seek to award a grant or 
        cooperative agreement under paragraph (1) to not fewer than 60 
        eligible consortia.
            ``(3) Geographic diversity and representation.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall carry out 
                paragraph (1) in a manner that ensures geographic 
                diversity and representation from communities of 
                differing populations.
                    ``(B) Awards to small and rural communities.--In 
                carrying out paragraph (1), the Secretary shall--
                          ``(i) award not fewer than one-third of the 
                      grants and cooperative agreements under such 
                      paragraph to eligible consortia that significantly 
                      benefit a small and rural community, which may 
                      include a State described in clause (ii); and
                          ``(ii) award not fewer than one-third of the 
                      grants and cooperative agreements under such 
                      paragraph to eligible consortia that include as a 
                      member of the eligible consortia at least 1 member 
                      that is a State or territory that is eligible to 
                      receive funding from the Established Program to 
                      Stimulate Competitive Research of the National 
                      Science Foundation.
            ``(4) Use of funds.--
                    ``(A) Use of funds under this grant shall include--
                          ``(i) <<NOTE: Coordination.>>  coordination of 
                      a locally defined planning processes, across 
                      jurisdictions and agencies, relating to developing 
                      a comprehensive regional technology strategy;
                          ``(ii) identification of regional partnerships 
                      for developing and implementing a comprehensive 
                      regional technology strategy;
                          
                      ``(iii) <<NOTE: Updates. Assessments. Determination
                      .>>  implementation or updating of assessments to 
                      determine regional needs and capabilities;
                          ``(iv) <<NOTE: Updates.>>  development or 
                      updating of goals and strategies to implement an 
                      existing comprehensive regional plan;
                          ``(v) identification or implementation of 
                      planning and local zoning and other code changes 
                      necessary to implement a comprehensive regional 
                      technology strategy; and
                          ``(vi) <<NOTE: Plans.>>  development of plans 
                      for promoting broad-based economic growth in a 
                      region.
                    ``(B) Use of funds under this grant may include the 
                formation of a workforce development strategy, according 
                to the needs for a skilled and technical workforce at 
                all skill and degree levels in the region proposed to be 
                served by the eligible consortia. Any workforce 
                development

[[Page 136 STAT. 1647]]

                strategy submitted pursuant to paragraph (1) should 
                include--
                          ``(i) how the eligible consortia will develop, 
                      offer, or improve educational or career training 
                      programs and curriculum for a skilled and 
                      technical workforce;
                          ``(ii) the extent to which such programs 
                      developed and offered by the eligible consortia 
                      will meet the educational or career training needs 
                      of a skilled and technical workforce in the region 
                      to be served;
                          ``(iii) how the eligible consortia will 
                      provide facilities for students to receive 
                      training under such programs developed and offered 
                      by the eligible consortia; and
                          ``(iv) how the eligible consortia will enhance 
                      outreach and recruitment for such programs 
                      developed and offered by the eligible consortia to 
                      populations underrepresented in STEM.
            ``(5) Federal share.--The Federal share of the cost of an 
        effort carried out using a grant or cooperative agreement 
        awarded under this subsection may not exceed 80 percent--
                    ``(A) where in-kind contributions may be used for 
                all or part of the non-Federal share, but Federal 
                funding from other government sources may not count 
                towards the non-Federal share;
                    ``(B) except in the case of an eligible consortium 
                that represents all or part of a small and rural or 
                other underserved community, the Federal share may be up 
                to 90 percent of the total cost, subject to subparagraph 
                (A); and
                    ``(C) except in the case of an eligible consortium 
                that is led by a Tribal government, the Federal share 
                may be up to 100 percent of the total cost of the 
                project.

    ``(f) <<NOTE: Contracts.>>  Strategy Implementation Grants and 
Cooperative Agreements.--
            ``(1) <<NOTE: Review.>>  In general.--The Secretary shall 
        use a competitive, merit-review process to award grants or 
        cooperative agreements to regional technology and innovation 
        hubs for the implementation of regional innovation strategies, 
        including regional strategies for infrastructure and site 
        development, in support of the regional innovation and 
        technology and innovation hub's plans and 
        programs. <<NOTE: Determination.>> The Secretary should 
        determine the size and number of awards based on appropriations 
        available to ensure the success of regional technology and 
        innovation hubs as outlined in subsection (h).
            ``(2) Use of funds.--Grants or cooperative agreements 
        awarded under paragraph (1) to a regional technology and 
        innovation hub may be used by the regional technology and 
        innovation hub to support any of the following activities, 
        consistent with the most current regional innovation strategy of 
        the regional technology and innovation hub, which may have been 
        developed with or without financial assistance received under 
        subsection (e) of this section:
                    ``(A) Workforce development activities.--Workforce 
                development activities including activities relating to 
                the following:
                          ``(i) The creation of partnerships between 
                      industry, workforce, nonprofit, and educational 
                      institutions, which may include community 
                      colleges, to create and

[[Page 136 STAT. 1648]]

                      align technical training and educational programs, 
                      including for a skilled technical workforce.
                          ``(ii) <<NOTE: Updates.>>  The design, 
                      development, and updating of educational and 
                      training curriculum and programs, including 
                      training of trainers, teachers, or instructors 
                      tied to demonstrated regional skilled and 
                      technical workforce needs.
                          ``(iii) The procurement of facilities and 
                      equipment, as required to train a skilled and 
                      technical workforce.
                          ``(iv) The development and execution of 
                      programs, including traineeships and 
                      apprenticeships, to rapidly provide training and 
                      award certificates or credentials recognized by 
                      regional industries or other organizations.
                          ``(v) The matching of regional employers with 
                      a potential new entrant, underemployed, 
                      underrepresented, reentering, or incumbent 
                      workforce, as well as the securing of commitments 
                      from employers to hire workers who successfully 
                      complete training programs, or who are awarded 
                      certificates or credentials.
                          ``(vi) The expansion of successful training 
                      programs at a scale required by the region served 
                      by the regional technology and innovation hub, 
                      including through the use of online education and 
                      mentoring.
                          ``(vii) The development and expansion of 
                      programs with the goal of increasing the 
                      participation of persons historically 
                      underrepresented in STEM and manufacturing in the 
                      workforce development plans of the regional 
                      technology and innovation hub.
                          ``(viii) The provision of support services for 
                      attendees of training programs developed, updated, 
                      or expanded pursuant to this subsection, including 
                      career counseling.
                          ``(ix) The implementation of outreach and 
                      recruitment for training programs developed, 
                      updated, or expanded pursuant to this subsection, 
                      particularly at local educational institutions, 
                      including high schools and community colleges.
                    ``(B) Business and entrepreneur development 
                activities.--Business and entrepreneur development 
                activities, including activities relating to the 
                following:
                          ``(i) The development and growth of local and 
                      regional businesses and the training of 
                      entrepreneurs, which may include support for the 
                      expansion of employee owned businesses and 
                      cooperatives.
                          ``(ii) The support of technology 
                      commercialization, including funding for 
                      activities relevant to the protection of 
                      intellectual property and for advancing potential 
                      ventures such as acceleration, incubation, early-
                      stage production and other relevant programming.
                          ``(iii) The development of local and regional 
                      capital networks and consortia to attract 
                      necessary private funding to businesses and 
                      entrepreneurs in the region.
                          ``(iv) The development of local and regional 
                      networks for business and entrepreneur mentorship.

[[Page 136 STAT. 1649]]

                    ``(C) Technology development and maturation 
                activities.--Technology maturation activities, including 
                activities relating to the following:
                          ``(i) The development and deployment of 
                      technologies in sectors critical to the region 
                      served by the regional technology and innovation 
                      hub or to national and economic security, 
                      including industry-university research 
                      cooperation, proof of concept, prototype 
                      development, testing, and scale-up for 
                      manufacturing.
                          ``(ii) The development of programming to 
                      support the creation and transfer of intellectual 
                      property into private use, such as through startup 
                      creation.
                          ``(iii) The provision of facilities for 
                      technology maturation, including incubators and 
                      production testbeds for collaborative development 
                      of technologies by private sector, academic, 
                      nonprofit, and other entities.
                          ``(iv) Activities to provide or ensure access 
                      to capital for new business and business 
                      expansion, including by attracting new private, 
                      public, and philanthropic investment and by 
                      establishing local and regional venture and loan 
                      funds, community development financial 
                      institutions, and minority depository 
                      institutions.
                    ``(D) Infrastructure-related activities.--The 
                building of facilities and site connectivity 
                infrastructure necessary to carry out activities 
                described in subparagraphs (A), (B), and (C), including 
                activities relating to the following:
                          ``(i) Establishing a center with required 
                      tools and instrumentation for workforce 
                      development.
                          ``(ii) Establishing a facility for technology 
                      development, demonstration, and testing.
                          ``(iii) Establishing collaborative incubators 
                      to support technology commercialization and 
                      entrepreneur training.
            ``(3) Term.--
                    ``(A) Initial performance period.--The term of an 
                initial grant or cooperative agreement awarded under 
                this subsection shall be for a period that the Secretary 
                deems appropriate for the proposed activities but not 
                less than 2 years.
                    ``(B) <<NOTE: Determination.>>  Subsequent 
                performance period.--The Secretary may renew a grant or 
                cooperative agreement awarded to a regional technology 
                and innovation hub under paragraph (1) for such period 
                as the Secretary considers appropriate, if the Secretary 
                determines that the regional technology and innovation 
                hub has made satisfactory progress towards the metrics 
                agreed to under subsection (j).
                    ``(C) Flexible approach.--In renewing a grant or 
                cooperative agreement under subparagraph (B), the 
                Secretary and the eligible consortium may agree to new 
                or additional uses of funds in order to meet changes in 
                the needs of the region.
            ``(4) Limitation on amount of awards.--
                    ``(A) Initial performance period.--The amount of an 
                initial grant or cooperative agreements awarded to a

[[Page 136 STAT. 1650]]

                regional technology and innovation hub under paragraph 
                (3)(A) shall be no more than $150,000,000.
                    ``(B) Subsequent performance period.--Upon renewal 
                of a grant or cooperative agreement under paragraph 
                (3)(B), the Secretary may award funding in the amount 
                that the Secretary considers appropriate, ensuring that 
                no single regional technology and innovation hub 
                receives more than 10 percent of the aggregate amount of 
                the grants and cooperative agreements awarded under this 
                subsection.
            ``(5) Matching required.--
                    ``(A) Initial performance period.--Except in the 
                case of a regional technology and innovation hub 
                described in subparagraph (C), the total amount of all 
                grants awarded to a regional technology and innovation 
                hub under this subsection in phase one shall not exceed 
                90 percent of the total operating costs of the regional 
                technology and innovation hub during the initial 
                performance period.
                    ``(B) Subsequent performance period.--Except in the 
                case of a regional technology and innovation hub 
                described in subparagraph (C), the total amount of all 
                grants awarded to a regional technology and innovation 
                hub in subsequent performance periods shall not exceed 
                75 percent of the total operating costs of the regional 
                technology and innovation hub in each year of the grant 
                or cooperative agreement.
                    ``(C) Small and rural communities, underserved 
                communities, and indian tribes.--
                          ``(i) In general.--The total Federal financial 
                      assistance awarded in a given year to a regional 
                      technology and innovation hub under this 
                      subsection shall not exceed amounts as follows:
                                    ``(I) In the case of a regional 
                                technology and innovation hub that 
                                primarily serves a small and rural 
                                community or other underserved 
                                community, in a fiscal year, 90 percent 
                                of the total funding of the regional 
                                technology and innovation hub in that 
                                fiscal year.
                                    ``(II) In the case of a regional 
                                technology and innovation hub that is 
                                led by a Tribal government, in a fiscal 
                                year, 100 percent of the total funding 
                                of the regional technology and 
                                innovation hub in that fiscal year.
                          ``(ii) Minimum threshold of rural 
                      representation.--For purposes of clause (i)(I), 
                      the Secretary shall establish a minimum threshold 
                      of rural representation in the regional technology 
                      and innovation hub.
                    ``(D) In-kind contributions.--For purposes of this 
                paragraph, in-kind contributions may be used for part of 
                the non-Federal share of the total funding of a regional 
                technology and innovation hub in a fiscal year.
            ``(6) Grants for infrastructure.--Any grant or cooperative 
        agreement awarded under this subsection to support the 
        construction of facilities and site connectivity infrastructure 
        shall be awarded pursuant to section 201 of the Public Works and 
        Economic Development Act of 1965 (42 U.S.C. 3141) and subject to 
        the provisions of such Act, except that subsection

[[Page 136 STAT. 1651]]

        (b) of such section and sections 204 and 301 of such Act (42 
        U.S.C. 3144; 3161) shall not apply.
            ``(7) Relation to certain grant awards.--The Secretary shall 
        not require a regional technology and innovation hub to receive 
        a grant or cooperative agreement under subsection (e) in order 
        to receive a grant or cooperative agreement under this 
        subsection.

    ``(g) Applications.--An eligible consortium seeking designation as a 
regional technology and innovation hub under subsection (d) or a grant 
or cooperative agreement under subsection (e) or (f) shall submit to the 
Secretary an application therefore at such time, in such manner, and 
containing such information as the Secretary may specify.
    ``(h) <<NOTE: Contracts.>>  Considerations for Designation and Award 
of Strategy Implementation Grants and Cooperative Agreements.--In 
selecting an eligible consortium that submitted an application under 
subsection (g) for designation under subsection (d) or for a grant or 
cooperative agreement under subsection (f), the Secretary shall consider 
the following:
            ``(1) The potential of the eligible consortium to advance 
        the research, development, deployment, and domestic 
        manufacturing of technologies in a key technology focus area, as 
        described in section 10387 of the Research and Development, 
        Competition, and Innovation Act or other technology or 
        innovation sector critical to national security and economic 
        competitiveness.
            ``(2) The likelihood of positive regional economic effect, 
        including increasing the number of high wage domestic jobs, 
        creating new economic opportunities for economically 
        disadvantaged and underrepresented populations, and building and 
        retaining wealth in the region.
            ``(3) How the eligible consortium plans to integrate with 
        and leverage the resources of 1 or more federally funded 
        research and development centers, National Laboratories, Federal 
        laboratories, Manufacturing USA institutes, Hollings 
        Manufacturing Extension Partnership centers, regional innovation 
        engines or translation accelerators established under sections 
        10388 and 10389 of the Research and Development, Competition, 
        and Innovation Act, test beds established and operated under 
        section 10390 of such Act, or other Federal entities.
            ``(4) How the eligible consortium will engage with the 
        private sector, including small- and medium-sized businesses and 
        cooperatives, and employee-owned businesses and cooperatives, to 
        commercialize new technologies and improve the resiliency and 
        sustainability of domestic supply chains in a key technology 
        focus area, or other technology or innovation sector critical to 
        national security and economic competitiveness.
            ``(5) How the eligible consortium will carry out workforce 
        development and skills acquisition programming, including 
        through partnerships with entities that include State and local 
        workforce development boards, institutions of higher education, 
        including community colleges, historically Black colleges and 
        universities, Tribal Colleges or Universities, and minority-
        serving institutions, labor organizations, nonprofit 
        organizations, workforce development programs, and other related 
        activities authorized by the Secretary, to support the 
        development of a skilled technical workforce for the regional 
        technology

[[Page 136 STAT. 1652]]

        and innovation hub, including key technology focus area or other 
        technology or innovation sector critical to national security 
        and economic competitiveness.
            ``(6) How the eligible consortium will improve or expand 
        science, technology, engineering, and mathematics education 
        programs and opportunities in the identified region in 
        elementary and secondary school and higher education 
        institutions located in the identified region to support the 
        development of a key technology focus area or other technology 
        or innovation sector critical to national security and economic 
        competitiveness.
            ``(7) How the eligible consortium plans to develop 
        partnerships with venture development organizations, community 
        development financial institutions and minority depository 
        institutions, and sources of private investment in support of 
        private sector activity, including launching new or expanding 
        existing companies in a key technology focus area or other 
        technology or innovation sector critical to national security 
        and economic competitiveness.
            ``(8) How the eligible consortium plans to organize the 
        activities of regional partners across sectors in support of a 
        regional technology and innovation hub.
            ``(9) How the eligible consortium considers opportunities to 
        support local and regional businesses through procurement, 
        including from minority-owned and women-owned businesses.
            ``(10) How the eligible consortium will ensure that growth 
        in technology, innovation, and advanced manufacturing sectors 
        produces opportunity across the identified region and for 
        economically disadvantaged, minority, underrepresented and rural 
        populations, including, as appropriate, consideration of how the 
        eligible consortium takes into account the relevant impact of 
        existing regional status and plans or may affect regional goals 
        for affordable housing availability, local and regional 
        transportation, high-speed internet access, and primary and 
        secondary education.
            ``(11) How well the region's education institutions align 
        their activities, including research, educational programs, 
        training, with the proposed areas of focus.
            ``(12) The likelihood efforts served by the consortium will 
        be sustained once Federal support ends.
            ``(13) How the eligible consortium will, as appropriate--
                    ``(A) enhance the economic, environmental, and 
                energy security of the United States by promoting 
                domestic development, manufacture, and deployment of 
                innovative clean technologies and advanced manufacturing 
                practices; and
                    ``(B) support translational research, technology 
                development, manufacturing innovation, and 
                commercialization activities relating to clean 
                technology.

    ``(i) Coordination and Collaboration.--
            ``(1) Coordination with regional innovation program.--The 
        Secretary shall ensure the activities under this section do not 
        duplicate activities or efforts under section 27.
            ``(2) Coordination among hubs.--The Secretary shall ensure 
        eligible consortia that receive a grant or cooperative agreement 
        under this section coordinate and share best practices for 
        regional economic development.

[[Page 136 STAT. 1653]]

            ``(3) Coordination with programs of the national institute 
        of standards and technology.--The Secretary shall coordinate the 
        activities of regional technology and innovation hubs designated 
        under this section, the Hollings Manufacturing Extension 
        Partnership, and the Manufacturing USA Program, as the Secretary 
        considers appropriate, to maintain the effectiveness of a 
        manufacturing extension center or a Manufacturing USA institute.
            ``(4) Coordination with department of energy programs.--The 
        Secretary shall, in collaboration with the Secretary of Energy, 
        coordinate the activities and selection of regional technology 
        and innovation hubs designated under this section, as the 
        Secretaries consider appropriate, to maintain the effectiveness 
        of activities at the Department of Energy and the National 
        Laboratories.
            ``(5) Interagency collaboration.--In designating regional 
        technology and innovation hubs under subsection (d) and awarding 
        grants or cooperative agreements under subsection (f), the 
        Secretary--
                    ``(A) shall collaborate with Federal departments and 
                agencies whose missions contribute to the goals of the 
                regional technology and innovation hub;
                    ``(B) <<NOTE: Consultation.>>  shall consult with 
                the Director of the National Science Foundation for the 
                purpose of ensuring that the regional technology and 
                innovation hubs are aligned with relevant science, 
                technology, and engineering expertise; and
                    ``(C) may accept funds from other Federal agencies 
                to support grants, cooperative agreements, and 
                activities under this section.

    ``(j) <<NOTE: Contracts.>>  Performance Measurement, Transparency, 
and Accountability.--
            ``(1) Metrics, standards, and assessment.--For each grant 
        and cooperative agreement awarded under subsection (f) for a 
        regional technology and innovation hub, the Secretary shall--
                    ``(A) <<NOTE: Consultation.>>  in consultation with 
                the regional technology and innovation hub, develop 
                metrics, which may include metrics relating to domestic 
                job creation, patent awards, increases in research 
                funding, business formation and expansion, and 
                participation of individuals or communities historically 
                underrepresented in STEM, to assess the effectiveness of 
                the activities funded in making progress toward the 
                purposes set forth under subsection (b)(1);
                    ``(B) establish standards for the performance of the 
                regional technology and innovation hub that are based on 
                the metrics developed under subparagraph (A); and
                    ``(C) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  prior to any award 
                made under a subsequent performance period in subsection 
                (f) and every 2 years thereafter until Federal financial 
                assistance under this section for the regional 
                technology and innovation hub is discontinued, conduct 
                an assessment of the regional technology and innovation 
                hub to confirm whether the performance of the regional 
                technology and innovation hub is meeting the standards 
                for performance established under subparagraph (B) of 
                this paragraph.
            ``(2) Final reports by recipients of strategy implementation 
        grants and cooperative agreements.--

[[Page 136 STAT. 1654]]

                    ``(A) <<NOTE: Requirement.>>  In general.--The 
                Secretary shall require each eligible consortium that 
                receives a grant or cooperative agreement under 
                subsection (f) for activities of a regional technology 
                and innovation hub, as a condition of receipt of such 
                grant or cooperative agreement, to submit to the 
                Secretary, not later than 120 days after the last day of 
                the term of the grant or cooperative agreement, a report 
                on the activities of the regional technology and 
                innovation hub supported by the grant or cooperative 
                agreement.
                    ``(B) Contents of report.--Each report submitted by 
                an eligible consortium under subparagraph (A) shall 
                include the following:
                          ``(i) A detailed description of the activities 
                      carried out by the regional technology and 
                      innovation hub using the grant or cooperative 
                      agreement described in subparagraph (A), including 
                      the following:
                                    ``(I) A description of each project 
                                the regional technology and innovation 
                                hub completed using such grant or 
                                cooperative agreement.
                                    ``(II) An explanation of how each 
                                project described in subclause (I) 
                                achieves a specific goal under this 
                                section in the region of the regional 
                                technology and innovation hub with 
                                respect to--
                                            ``(aa) the resiliency and 
                                        sustainability of a supply 
                                        chain;
                                            ``(bb) research, 
                                        development, and deployment of a 
                                        critical technology;
                                            ``(cc) workforce training 
                                        and development;
                                            ``(dd) domestic job 
                                        creation;
                                            ``(ee) entrepreneurship and 
                                        company formation;
                                            ``(ff) commercialization;
                                            ``(gg) access to private 
                                        capital; or
                                            ``(hh) participation of 
                                        individuals or communities 
                                        historically underrepresented in 
                                        STEM.
                          ``(ii) A discussion of any obstacles 
                      encountered by the regional technology and 
                      innovation hub in the implementation of the 
                      regional technology and innovation hub and how the 
                      regional technology and innovation hub overcame 
                      those obstacles.
                          ``(iii) <<NOTE: Evaluations.>> An evaluation 
                      of the success of the projects of the regional 
                      technology and innovation hub using the 
                      performance standards and measures established 
                      under paragraph (1), including an evaluation of 
                      the planning process and how the project 
                      contributes to carrying out the regional 
                      innovation strategy of the regional technology and 
                      innovation hub.
                          ``(iv) The effectiveness of the regional 
                      technology and innovation hub in ensuring that, in 
                      the region of the regional technology and 
                      innovation hub, growth in technology and 
                      innovation sectors produces broadly shared 
                      opportunity across the region, including for 
                      economic disadvantaged and underrepresented 
                      populations and rural areas.
                          ``(v) Information regarding such other matters 
                      as the Secretary may require.

[[Page 136 STAT. 1655]]

            ``(3) Interim reports by recipients of grants and 
        cooperative agreements.--In addition to requiring submittal of 
        final reports under paragraph (2)(A), the Secretary may require 
        a regional technology and innovation hub described in such 
        paragraph to submit to the Secretary such interim reports as the 
        Secretary considers appropriate.
            ``(4) Annual reports to congress.--Not less frequently than 
        once each year, the Secretary shall submit to the appropriate 
        committees of Congress an annual report on the results of the 
        assessments conducted by the Secretary under paragraph (1)(C) 
        during the period covered by the report.

    ``(k) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  Authorization of Appropriations.--
There is authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary--
            ``(1) $50,000,000 to award grants and cooperative agreements 
        under subsection (e) for the period of fiscal years 2023 through 
        2027;
            ``(2) $2,950,000,000 to award grants and cooperative 
        agreements under subsection (f) for the period of fiscal years 
        2023 and 2024; and
            ``(3) $7,000,000,000 to award grants and cooperative 
        agreements under subsection (f) for the period of fiscal years 
        2025 through 2027.

    ``(l) Administration.--The Secretary may use funds made available to 
carry out this section for administrative costs under this section.
``SEC. 29. <<NOTE: 15 USC 3722b.>>  DISTRESSED AREA RECOMPETE 
                      PILOT PROGRAM.

    ``(a) <<NOTE: Grants.>>  In General.--Within the program authorized 
under section 28, the Secretary is authorized to establish a pilot 
program, to be known as the `Recompete Pilot Program', to provide grants 
to eligible recipients representing eligible areas or Tribal lands to 
alleviate persistent economic distress and support long-term 
comprehensive economic development and job creation in eligible areas.

    ``(b) <<NOTE: Contracts.>>  Strategy Development Grants and 
Cooperative Agreements.--Subject to available appropriations, the 
Secretary is authorized, on the application of an eligible recipient, to 
award up to one half of the number of grants under subsection (e) of 
section 28 to eligible recipients to develop a recompete plan and carry 
out related predevelopment activities.

    ``(c) <<NOTE: Contracts.>>  Strategy Implementation Grants and 
Cooperative Agreements.--Subject to available appropriations and 
subsection (f) , the Secretary shall award, on the application of an 
eligible recipient, at least ten strategy implementation grants, in 
accordance with a recompete plan review and approved by the Secretary, 
to carry out coordinated and comprehensive economic development programs 
and activities in an eligible area, consistent with a recompete plan 
approved by the Secretary. Such activities may include--
            ``(1) workforce development activities of the kind described 
        in section 28(f) or other job training and workforce outreach 
        programs oriented to local employer needs, such as--
                    ``(A) customized job training programs carried out 
                by local community colleges and other training or 
                educational organizations in partnership with local 
                businesses;
                    ``(B) workforce outreach programs located in, and 
                targeted to, lower-income and underemployed 
                neighborhoods; and

[[Page 136 STAT. 1656]]

                    ``(C) programs to embed job placement and training 
                services in neighborhood institutions such as churches, 
                housing projects, and community advocacy programs; and
                    ``(D) job retention programs and activities, such as 
                the provision of career coaches;
            ``(2) business and entrepreneur development activities of 
        the kind described in section 28(f), technology development and 
        maturation activities of the kind described in such section, or 
        the provision of business advice and assistance to small and 
        medium-sized local businesses and entrepreneurs. Such advice and 
        assistance may include--
                    ``(A) manufacturing extension services;
                    ``(B) small business development centers;
                    ``(C) centers to help businesses bid for Federal 
                procurement contracts;
                    ``(D) entrepreneurial assistance programs that link 
                entrepreneurs with available public and private 
                resources;
                    ``(E) legal advice and resources; and
                    ``(F) assistance in accessing capital;
            ``(3) infrastructure related activities of the kind 
        described in section 28(f) or other land and site development 
        programs, such as brownfield redevelopment, research and 
        technology parks, business incubators, business corridor 
        development, and other infrastructure activities related to 
        supporting job creation and employment for residents, subject to 
        the requirements of section 28(f)(6); and
            ``(4) additional planning, predevelopment, technical 
        assistance, and other administrative activities as may be 
        necessary for the ongoing implementation, administration, and 
        operation of the programs and activities carried out with a 
        grant or cooperative agreement under this section, including but 
        not limited to economic development planning and evaluation.

    ``(d) Term.--
            ``(1) Initial performance period.--The term of an initial 
        grant or cooperative agreement awarded under subsection (c) 
        shall be for a period that the Secretary deems appropriate for 
        the proposed activities but not less than 2 years.
            ``(2) <<NOTE: Determination.>>  Subsequent performance 
        period.--The Secretary may renew a grant or cooperative 
        agreement awarded under subsection (c) for such period, such 
        amount, and such terms as the Secretary considers appropriate, 
        if the Secretary determines that the recipient of an award under 
        subsection (c) has made satisfactory progress towards metrics or 
        benchmarking requirements established by the Secretary at time 
        of award.
            ``(3) Flexible approach.--In renewing a grant or cooperative 
        agreement under subsection (c), the Secretary may approve new or 
        additional uses of funds, consistent with the uses described in 
        subsection (c), to meet changes in the needs of the region.

    ``(e) Limitations.--
            ``(1) Limitation on eligible areas.--An eligible area may 
        not benefit from more than 1 grant or cooperative agreement 
        described in subsection (b) and 1 grant or cooperative agreement 
        described in subsection (c), provided that a renewal described 
        in subsection (d)(2) shall not constitute an additional grant.

[[Page 136 STAT. 1657]]

            ``(2) Limitation on recipients.--For purposes of the program 
        under this section, an eligible recipient may not receive 
        multiple grants described in subsection (c) on behalf of more 
        than 1 eligible area.

    ``(f) Award Amount.--
            ``(1) <<NOTE: Determination.>>  In general.--In determining 
        the amount of a grant that an eligible recipient may be awarded 
        under subsection (c), the Secretary shall--
                    ``(A) take into consideration the proposed 
                activities and projected expenditures outlined in an 
                approved recompete plan; and
                    ``(B) award not more than the product obtained by 
                multiplying--
                          ``(i) the prime-age employment gap of the 
                      eligible area;
                          ``(ii) the prime-age population of the 
                      eligible area; and
                          ``(iii) either--
                                    ``(I) $70,585 for local labor 
                                markets; or
                                    ``(II) $53,600 for local 
                                communities.
            ``(2) Minimum amount.--The Secretary may not make an award 
        that is less than $20,000,000 to an eligible recipient.

    ``(g) <<NOTE: Determinations.>>  Applications.--To be considered for 
a grant or cooperative agreement under--
            ``(1) subsection (b) of this section, an eligible recipient 
        shall submit to the Secretary an application at such time, in 
        such manner, and containing such information as the Secretary 
        determines to be appropriate; and
            ``(2) <<NOTE: Plan.>>  subsection (c) of this section, an 
        eligible recipient shall submit to the Secretary an application 
        at such time, in such manner, and containing such information as 
        the Secretary determines to be appropriate, including a 
        recompete plan approved by the Secretary.

    ``(h) Relation to Certain Grant Awards.--The Secretary shall not 
require an eligible recipient to receive a grant or cooperative 
agreement under subsection (b) in order to receive a grant or 
cooperative agreement under subsection (c).
    ``(i) <<NOTE: Time period.>> Authorization of Appropriations.--There 
is authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary $1,000,000,000 to 
award grants and cooperative agreements under subsection (c) of this 
section, for the period of fiscal years 2022 through 2026.

    ``(j) Definitions.--In this section:
            ``(1) Eligible area.--The term `eligible area' means either 
        of the following:
                    ``(A) A local labor market that--
                          ``(i) has a prime-age employment gap equal to 
                      not less than 2.5 percent; and
                          ``(ii) meets additional criteria as the 
                      Secretary may establish.
                    ``(B) A local community that--
                          ``(i) has a prime-age employment gap equal to 
                      not less than 5 percent;
                          ``(ii) is not located within an eligible local 
                      labor market that meets the criteria described in 
                      subparagraph (A);
                          ``(iii) has a median annual household income 
                      of not more than $75,000; and

[[Page 136 STAT. 1658]]

                          ``(iv) meets additional criteria as the 
                      Secretary may establish.
            ``(2) Eligible recipient.--The term `eligible recipient' 
        means a specified entity that has been authorized in a manner as 
        determined by the Secretary to represent and act on behalf of an 
        eligible area for the purposes of this section.
            ``(3) Local labor market.--The term `local labor market' 
        means any of the following areas that contains 1 or more 
        specified entities described in subparagraphs (A) through (D) of 
        paragraph (6):
                    ``(A) A metropolitan statistical area or 
                micropolitan statistical area, excluding any area 
                described in subparagraph (C).
                    ``(B) A commuting zone, excluding any areas 
                described in subparagraphs (A) and (C).
                    ``(C) The Tribal land with a Tribal prime-age 
                population represented by a Tribal government.
            ``(4) Local community.--The term `local community' means the 
        area served by a general-purpose unit of local government that 
        is located within, but does not cover the entire area of, a 
        local labor market that does not meet the criteria described in 
        paragraph (1)(A).
            ``(5) Prime-age employment gap.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The term `prime-age employment 
                gap' means the difference (expressed as a percentage) 
                between--
                          ``(i) the national 5-year average prime-age 
                      employment rate; and
                          ``(ii) the 5-year average prime-age employment 
                      rate of the eligible area.
                    ``(B) Calculation.--For the purposes of subparagraph 
                (A), an individual is prime-age if such individual 
                between the ages of 25 years and 54 years.
            ``(6) Recompete plan.--The term `recompete plan' means a 
        comprehensive multiyear economic development plan that--
                    ``(A) includes--
                          ``(i) proposed programs and activities to be 
                      carried out with a grant awarded under subsection 
                      (c) to address the economic challenges of the 
                      eligible area in a comprehensive manner that 
                      promotes long-term, sustained economic growth, 
                      lasting job creation, per capita wage increases, 
                      and reduction in the prime-age employment gap of 
                      the eligible area;
                          ``(ii) projected costs and annual expenditures 
                      and proposed disbursement schedule;
                          ``(iii) the roles and responsibilities of 
                      specified entities that may receive grant funds 
                      awarded under subsection (c); and
                          ``(iv) other information as the Secretary 
                      determines appropriate;
                    ``(B) is submitted to the Secretary for approval for 
                an eligible recipient to be considered for a grant 
                described in subsection (c); and
                    ``(C) <<NOTE: Determination.>>  may be modified over 
                the term of the grant by the eligible recipient, subject 
                to the approval of the Secretary or at the direction of 
                the Secretary, if the Secretary

[[Page 136 STAT. 1659]]

                determines benchmarking requirements are repeatedly not 
                met or if other circumstances necessitate a 
                modification.
            ``(7) Specified entity.--The term `specified entity' means--
                    ``(A) a unit of local government;
                    ``(B) the District of Columbia;
                    ``(C) a territory of the United States;
                    ``(D) a Tribal government;
                    ``(E) political subdivision of a State or other 
                entity, including a special-purpose entity engaged in 
                economic development activities;
                    ``(F) a public entity or nonprofit organization, 
                acting in cooperation with the officials of a political 
                subdivision of a State or other entity described in 
                subparagraph (E);
                    ``(G) an economic development district (as defined 
                in section 3 of the Public Works and Economic 
                Development Act of 1965 (42 U.S.C. 3122); and
                    ``(H) a consortium of any of the specified entities 
                described in this paragraph which serve or are contained 
                within the same eligible area.
            ``(8) Tribal land.--The term `Tribal land' means any land--
                    ``(A) located within the boundaries of an Indian 
                reservation, pueblo, or rancheria; or
                    ``(B) not located within the boundaries of an Indian 
                reservation, pueblo, or rancheria, the title to which is 
                held--
                          ``(i) in trust by the United States for the 
                      benefit of an Indian Tribe or an individual 
                      Indian;
                          ``(ii) by an Indian Tribe or an individual 
                      Indian, subject to restriction against alienation 
                      under laws of the United States; or
                          ``(iii) by a dependent Indian community.
            ``(9) Tribal prime-age population.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The term `Tribal prime-age 
                population' shall be equal to the sum obtained by 
                adding--
                          ``(i) the product obtained by multiplying--
                                    ``(I) the total number of 
                                individuals ages 25 through 54 residing 
                                on the Tribal land of the Tribal 
                                government; and
                                    ``(II) 0.65; and
                          ``(ii) the product obtained by multiplying--
                                    ``(I) the total number of 
                                individuals ages 25 through 54 included 
                                on the membership roll of the Tribal 
                                government; and
                                    ``(II) 0.35
                    ``(B) <<NOTE: Determination.>> Use of data.--A 
                calculation under subparagraph (A) shall be determined 
                based on data provided by the applicable Tribal 
                government to the Department of the Treasury under the 
                Coronavirus State and Local Fiscal Recovery Fund 
                programs under title VI of the Social Security Act (42 
                U.S.C. 801 et seq.).''.

    (b) <<NOTE: 15 USC 3722a note.>>  Initial Designations and Awards.--
            (1) Competition required.--Not later than 1 year after the 
        date of the enactment of this Act, subject to the availability 
        of appropriations, the Secretary of Commerce shall commence

[[Page 136 STAT. 1660]]

        a competition under subsection (d)(1) of section 28 of the 
        Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (as added by 
        this section).
            (2) Designation and award.--Not later than 18 months after 
        the date of the enactment of this Act, if the Secretary has 
        received at least 1 application under subsection (g) of section 
        28 of the Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (as 
        added by this section) from an eligible consortium which the 
        Secretary considers suitable for designation under subsection 
        (d)(1) of such section 28, the Secretary shall--
                    (A) designate at least 1 regional technology and 
                innovation hub under subsection (d)(1) of such section 
                28; and
                    (B) award a grant or cooperative agreement under 
                subsection (f)(1) of such section 28 to each regional 
                technology and innovation hub designated pursuant to 
                subparagraph (A) of this paragraph.

    (c) <<NOTE: 15 USC 3722b note.>>  Distressed Area Designation and 
Award.--Not later than 18 months after the date of the enactment of this 
section, subject to the availability of appropriations, if the Secretary 
has received applications under section 29 of the Stevenson-Wydler 
Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (as added by this section) from an 
eligible recipient which the Secretary considers suitable for award 
under such section 29, the Secretary shall award grants or cooperative 
agreement under subsections (b) and (c) of such section 29 to one or 
more eligible recipients.
SEC. 10622. REGIONAL CLEAN ENERGY INNOVATION PROGRAM.

    Subtitle C of title IX of the Energy Independence and Security Act 
of 2007 is amended by adding at the end the following:
``SEC. 936. <<NOTE: 42 USC 17375.>>  REGIONAL CLEAN ENERGY 
                        INNOVATION PROGRAM.

    ``(a) Definitions.--In this section:
            ``(1) Regional clean energy innovation partnership.--The 
        term `regional clean energy innovation partnership' means a 
        group of one or more persons, including a covered consortium, 
        who perform a collection of activities that are coordinated by 
        such covered consortium to carry out the purposes of the program 
        under subsection (c) in a region of the United States.
            ``(2) Covered consortium.--The term `covered consortium' 
        means an individual or group of individuals in partnership with 
        a government entity, including a State, territorial, local, or 
        tribal government or unit of such government, and at least 2 or 
        more of the following additional entities--
                    ``(A) an institution of higher education or a 
                consortium of institutions of higher education, 
                including community colleges;
                    ``(B) a workforce development program;
                    ``(C) a private sector entity or group of entities, 
                including a trade or industry association;
                    ``(D) a nonprofit organization;
                    ``(E) a community group or community-based 
                organization;
                    ``(F) a labor organization or joint labor-management 
                organization;
                    ``(G) a National Laboratory;
                    ``(H) a venture development organization;
                    ``(I) a community development financial institution 
                or minority depository institution;

[[Page 136 STAT. 1661]]

                    ``(J) a worker cooperative membership association or 
                state or local employee ownership or cooperative 
                development center;
                    ``(K) an organization focused on clean energy 
                technology innovation or entrepreneurship;
                    ``(L) a business or clean energy accelerator or 
                incubator;
                    ``(M) an economic development organization;
                    ``(N) a manufacturing facility or organization;
                    ``(O) a multi-institutional collaboration; or
                    ``(P) any other entity that the Secretary determines 
                to be relevant.
            ``(3) Program.--The term `program' means the Regional Clean 
        Energy Innovation Program authorized in subsection (b).
            ``(4) Institution of higher education.--The term 
        `institution of higher education' has the meaning given such 
        term in section 101 or 102(a)(1)(B) of the Higher Education Act 
        of 1965, as amended (20 U.S.C. 1001, 1002(a)(1)(B)).
            ``(5) National laboratory.--The term `National Laboratory' 
        has the meaning given that term in section 2 of the Energy 
        Policy Act of 2005 (42 2 U.S.C. 15801).
            ``(6) Clean energy technology.--The term `clean energy 
        technology' means a technology that significantly reduces energy 
        use, increases energy efficiency, reduces greenhouse gas 
        emissions, reduces emissions of other pollutants, or mitigates 
        other negative environmental consequences of energy production, 
        transmission or use.
            ``(7) Community-based organization.--The term `community-
        based organization' has the meaning given the term in section 3 
        of the Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act (29 U.S.C. 
        3102).
            ``(8) Community college.--The term `community college' 
        means--
                    ``(A) a public institution of higher education, 
                including additional locations, at which the highest 
                degree, or the predominantly awarded degree, is an 
                associate degree; or
                    ``(B) any Tribal college or university (as defined 
                in section 316 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 
                U.S.C. 1059c)).
            ``(9) Workforce development program.--The term `workforce 
        development program' has the meaning given the term in section 3 
        of the Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act (29 U.S.C. 
        3102).

    ``(b) In General.--The Secretary shall establish a Regional Clean 
Energy Innovation Program, a research, development, demonstration, and 
commercial application program designed to enhance the economic, 
environmental, and energy security of the United States and accelerate 
the pace of innovation of diverse clean energy technologies through the 
formation or support of regional clean energy innovation partnerships.
    ``(c) Purposes of the Program.--The purposes of the Program 
established under subsection (b) are to--
            ``(1) improve the competitiveness of United States' clean 
        energy technology research, development, demonstration, and 
        commercial application; and

[[Page 136 STAT. 1662]]

            ``(2) support the development of tools and technologies best 
        suited for use in diverse regions of the United States, 
        including in rural, tribal, and low-income communities.

    ``(d) Regional Clean Energy Innovation Partnerships.--
            ``(1) <<NOTE: Grants.>> In general.--The Secretary shall 
        competitively award grants to covered consortia to establish or 
        support regional clean energy innovation partnerships that 
        achieve the purposes of the Program in subsection (c).
            ``(2) <<NOTE: Determination.>>  Permissible activities.--
        Grants awarded under this subsection shall be used for 
        activities determined appropriate by the Secretary to achieve 
        the purposes of the Program in subsection (c), including--
                    ``(A) facilitating the commercial application of 
                clean energy products, processes, and services, 
                including through research, development, demonstration, 
                or technology transfer;
                    ``(B) planning among participants of a regional 
                clean energy innovation partnership to improve the 
                strategic and cost-effective coordination of the 
                partnership;
                    ``(C) improving stakeholder involvement in the 
                development of goals and activities of a regional clean 
                energy innovation partnership;
                    ``(D) <<NOTE: Assessments.>>  assessing different 
                incentive mechanisms for clean energy development and 
                commercial application in the region;
                    ``(E) hosting events and conferences; and
                    ``(F) <<NOTE: Update.>>  establishing and updating 
                roadmaps to measure progress on relevant goals, such as 
                those relevant to metrics developed under subsection 
                (g).
            ``(3) Applications.--Each application submitted to the 
        Secretary under paragraph (1) may include--
                    ``(A) <<NOTE: List.>>  a list of members and roles 
                of members of the covered consortia, as well as any 
                other stakeholders supporting the activities of the 
                regional clean energy innovation partnership;
                    ``(B) <<NOTE: Assessment.>>  an assessment of the 
                relevant clean energy innovation assets needed in a 
                region to achieve proposed outcomes, such as education 
                and workforce development programs, research facilities, 
                infrastructure or site development, access to capital, 
                manufacturing capabilities, or other assets;
                    ``(C) a description of proposed activities that the 
                regional clean energy innovation partnership plans to 
                undertake and how the proposed activities will achieve 
                the purposes described in subsection (c);
                    ``(D) <<NOTE: Plan.>>  a plan for attracting 
                additional funds and identification of funding sources 
                from non-Federal sources to deliver the proposed 
                outcomes of the regional clean energy innovation 
                partnership;
                    ``(E) <<NOTE: Plan.>>  a plan for partnering and 
                collaborating with community development financial 
                institutions and minority depository institutions, labor 
                organizations and community groups, worker cooperative 
                membership associations, local and state employee 
                ownership and cooperative development centers, and other 
                local institutions in order to promote employee, 
                community, and public ownership in the clean

[[Page 136 STAT. 1663]]

                energy sector, and advance models of local economic 
                development that build and retain wealth in the region;
                    ``(F) <<NOTE: Plan.>>  a plan for sustaining 
                activities of the regional clean energy innovation 
                partnership after funds received under this program have 
                been expended; and
                    ``(G) <<NOTE: Budget proposal.>>  a proposed budget, 
                including financial contributions from non-Federal 
                sources.
            ``(4) Considerations.--In selecting covered consortia for 
        funding under the Program, the Secretary shall, to the maximum 
        extent practicable--
                    ``(A) give special consideration to applications 
                from rural, tribal, and low-income communities; and
                    ``(B) ensure that there is geographic diversity 
                among the covered consortia selected to receive funding.
            ``(5) Award amount.--Grants given out under this Program 
        shall be in an amount not greater than $10,000,000, with the 
        total grant award in any year less than that in the previous 
        year.
            ``(6) <<NOTE: Grants. Time period.>>  Cost share.--For 
        grants that are disbursed over the course of three or more 
        years, the Secretary shall require, as a condition of receipt of 
        funds under this section, that a covered consortium provide not 
        less than 50 percent of the funding for the activities of the 
        regional clean energy partnership under this section for years 
        3, 4, and 5.
            ``(7) Duration.--Each grant under paragraph shall be for a 
        period of not longer than 5 years.
            ``(8) <<NOTE: Time period. Review.>> Renewal.--A grant 
        awarded under this section may be renewed for a period of not 
        more than 5 years, subject to a rigorous merit review based on 
        the progress of a regional clean energy innovation partnership 
        towards achieving the purposes of the program in subsection (c) 
        and the metrics developed under subsection (g).
            ``(9) <<NOTE: Determination.>>  Termination.--Consistent 
        with the existing authorities of the Department, the Secretary 
        may terminate grant funding under this subsection to covered 
        consortia during the performance period if the Secretary 
        determines that the regional clean energy innovation partnership 
        is underperforming.
            ``(10) Administrative costs.--The Secretary may allow a 
        covered consortium that receives funds under this section to 
        allocate a portion of the funding received to be used for 
        administrative or indirect costs.
            ``(11) Funding.--The Secretary may accept funds from other 
        Federal agencies to support funding and activities under this 
        section.

    ``(e) <<NOTE: Grants. Time period.>>  Planning Funds.--The Secretary 
may competitively award grants in an amount no greater than $2,000,000 
for a period not longer than 2 years to an entity consisting of a 
government entity, including a State, territorial, local, or tribal 
government or unit of such government or any entity listed under 
subsection (a)(2) to plan a regional clean energy innovation partnership 
or establish a covered consortium for the purpose of applying for funds 
under subsection (b).

    ``(f) Information Sharing.--As part of the program, the Secretary 
shall support the gathering, analysis, and dissemination of information 
on best practices for developing and operating successful regional clean 
energy innovation partnerships.

[[Page 136 STAT. 1664]]

    ``(g) <<NOTE: Public information. Assessment.>>  Metrics.--In 
evaluating a grant renewal under subsection (d)(8), the Secretary shall 
work with program evaluation experts to develop and make publicly 
available metrics to assess the progress of a regional clean energy 
innovation partnership towards achieving the purposes of the program in 
subsection (c).

    ``(h) Coordination.--In carrying out the program, the Secretary 
shall coordinate with, and avoid unnecessary duplication of, the 
activities carried out under this section with the activities of other 
research entities of the Department or relevant programs at other 
Federal agencies.
    ``(i) Conflicts of Interest.--In carrying out the program, the 
Secretary shall maintain conflict of interest procedures, consistent 
with the conflict of interest procedures of the Department.
    ``(j) <<NOTE: Deadlines. Time period.>> Evaluation by Comptroller 
General.--Not later than 3 years after the date of the enactment of the 
Research and Development, Competition, and Innovation Act, and again 3 
years later, the Comptroller General shall submit to the Committee on 
Science, Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives and the 
Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate an evaluation on 
the operation of the program during the most recent 3-year period, 
including--
            ``(1) <<NOTE: Assessment.>>  an assessment of the progress 
        made towards achieving the purposes specified in subsection (c) 
        based on the metrics developed under subsection (g);
            ``(2) <<NOTE: Determination. Recommenda- tions.>>  the 
        short-term and long-term metrics used to determine the success 
        of the program under subsection (g), and any changes recommended 
        to the metrics used;
            ``(3) the regional clean energy innovation partnerships 
        established or supported by covered consortia that have received 
        grants under subsection (d); and
            ``(4) <<NOTE: Recommenda- tions.>>  any recommendations on 
        how the program may be improved.

    ``(k) National Laboratories.--In supporting technology transfer 
activities at the National Laboratories, the Secretary shall encourage 
partnerships with entities that are located in the same region or State 
as the National Laboratory.
    ``(l) Security.--In carrying out the activities under this section, 
the Secretary shall ensure proper security controls are in place to 
protect sensitive information, as appropriate.
    ``(m) No Funds for Construction.--No funds provided to the 
Department of Energy under this section shall be used for construction.
    ``(n) <<NOTE: Time period.>> Authorization of Appropriations.--There 
are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out this 
section $50,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2023 through 2027.''.

                      Subtitle D--Research Security

SEC. 10631. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19231.>>  REQUIREMENTS FOR FOREIGN 
                            TALENT RECRUITMENT PROGRAMS.

    (a) Purpose.--The purpose of this subtitle is to direct actions to 
prohibit participation in any foreign talent recruitment program by 
personnel of Federal research agencies and to prohibit participation in 
a malign foreign talent recruitment program by covered individuals 
involved with research and development awards from those agencies.

[[Page 136 STAT. 1665]]

    (b) <<NOTE: Deadline. Coordination. Publication. Guidelines.>>  
Guidance.--Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of 
this Act, the Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy, 
in coordination with the interagency working group established under 
section 1746 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 
2020 (42 U.S.C. 6601 note; Public Law 116-92), shall publish and widely 
distribute a uniform set of guidelines for Federal research agencies 
regarding foreign talent recruitment 
programs. <<NOTE: Requirements.>> Such policy guidelines shall--
            (1) prohibit all personnel of each Federal research agency, 
        including Federal employees, contract employees, independent 
        contractors, individuals serving under the Intergovernmental 
        Personnel Act of 1970 (42 U.S.C. 4701 et seq), Visiting 
        Scientist, Engineering, and Educator appointments, and special 
        government employees other than peer reviewers, from 
        participating in a foreign talent recruitment program;
            (2) as part of the requirements under section 223 of the 
        William (Mac) Thornberry NDAA of Fiscal Year 2021 (10 U.S.C. 
        6605; Public Law 116-283), require covered individuals to 
        disclose if such individuals are a party to a foreign talent 
        recruitment program contract, agreement, or other arrangement;
            (3) prohibit research and development awards from being made 
        for any proposal in which a covered individual is participating 
        in a malign foreign talent recruitment program; and
            (4) to the extent practicable, require recipient 
        institutions to prohibit covered individuals participating in 
        malign foreign talent recruitment programs from working on 
        projects supported by research and development awards.

    (c) Definition of Foreign Talent Recruitment Programs.--As part of 
the guidance under subsection (b), the Director of the Office of Science 
and Technology Policy shall define and describe the characteristics of a 
foreign talent recruitment program.
    (d) <<NOTE: Deadline. Policy.>>  Implementation.--Not later than one 
year after the date of the enactment of this Act, each Federal research 
agency shall issue a policy utilizing the guidelines under subsection 
(b).

    (e) Consistency.--The Director of the Office of Science and 
Technology Policy shall ensure that the policies issued by the Federal 
research agencies under subsection (d) are consistent to the greatest 
extent practicable.
SEC. 10632. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19232.>>  MALIGN FOREIGN TALENT 
                            RECRUITMENT PROGRAM PROHIBITION.

    (a) <<NOTE: Deadline. Policy. Certifications.>>  In General.--Not 
later than 24 months after the date of enactment of this Act, each 
Federal research agency shall establish a policy that, as part of a 
proposal for a research and development award from the agency--
            (1) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  each covered individual listed 
        in such proposal certify that each such individual is not a 
        party to a malign foreign talent recruitment program in the 
        proposal submission of each such individual and annually 
        thereafter for the duration of the award; and
            (2) <<NOTE: Certification. Compliance.>> each institution of 
        higher education or other organization applying for such an 
        award certify that each covered individual who is employed by 
        such institution of higher education or other organization has 
        been made aware of the requirements under this section and 
        complied with the requirement under paragraph (1).

[[Page 136 STAT. 1666]]

    (b) <<NOTE: Federal Register, publication. Public comment. Time 
period.>> Stakeholder Input.--In establishing a policy under subsection 
(a), Federal research agencies shall publish a description of the 
proposed policy in the Federal Register and provide an opportunity for 
submission of public comment for a period of not more than 60 days.

    (c) Compliance With Existing Law.--Each Federal research agency and 
recipient shall comply with title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 (42 
U.S.C. 2000d et seq.) in the establishment of policies pursuant to under 
subsection (a).
    (d) International Collaboration.--Each policy developed under 
subsection (a) shall not prohibit, unless such activities are funded, 
organized, or managed by an academic institution or a foreign talent 
recruitment program on the lists developed under paragraphs (8) and (9) 
of section 1286(c) of the John S. McCain National Defense Authorization 
Act for Fiscal Year 2019 (10 U.S.C. 4001 note; Public Law 115-232)--
            (1) <<NOTE: Publication.>>  making scholarly presentations 
        and publishing written materials regarding scientific 
        information not otherwise controlled under current law;
            (2) participation in international conferences or other 
        international exchanges, research projects or programs that 
        involve open and reciprocal exchange of scientific information, 
        and which are aimed at advancing international scientific 
        understanding and not otherwise controlled under current law;
            (3) advising a foreign student enrolled at an institution of 
        higher education or writing a recommendation for such a student, 
        at such student's request; and
            (4) other international activities determined appropriate by 
        the Federal research agency head or designee.

    (e) Limitation.--The certifications required under subsection (a) 
shall not apply retroactively to research and development awards made or 
applied for prior to the establishment of the policy by the Federal 
research agency.
    (f) <<NOTE: Requirement.>>  Training.--Each Federal research agency 
shall ensure that, as a requirement of an award from each such agency, 
recipient institutions provide training on the risks of malign foreign 
talent recruitment programs to covered individuals employed at such 
institutions, including those individuals who are participating in 
activities described in subsection (d).
SEC. 10633. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19233.>>  REVIEW OF CONTRACTS AND 
                            AGREEMENTS.

    (a) <<NOTE: Requirements.>>  In General.--In addition to existing 
authorities for preventing waste, fraud, abuse, and mismanagement of 
Federal funds, each Federal research agency shall have the authority 
to--
            (1) <<NOTE: Records.>> require, upon request, the submission 
        to such agency, by an institution of higher education or other 
        organization applying for a research and development award, of 
        supporting documentation, including copies of contracts, grants, 
        or any other agreement specific to foreign appointments, 
        employment with a foreign institution, participation in a 
        foreign talent recruitment program and other information 
        reported as current and pending support for all covered 
        individuals in a research and development award application;
            (2) <<NOTE: Compliance.>>  require such institution of 
        higher education or other organization to review any documents 
        requested under paragraph (1) for compliance with the Federal 
        research agency's

[[Page 136 STAT. 1667]]

        award terms and conditions, including guidance on conflicts of 
        interest and conflicts of commitment; and
            (3) <<NOTE: Consultation. Determination.>>  upon receipt and 
        review of the information provided under paragraph (1) and in 
        consultation with the institution of higher education or other 
        organization submitting such information, initiate the 
        substitution or removal of a covered individual from a research 
        and development award, reduce the award funding amount, or 
        suspend or terminate the award if the agency head determines 
        such contracts, grants, or agreements include obligations that--
                    (A) interfere with the capacity for agency-supported 
                activities to be carried out; or
                    (B) create duplication with agency-supported 
                activities.

    (b) Limitations.--In exercising the authorities under subsection 
(a), each Federal research agency shall--
            (1) <<NOTE: Privacy.>> take necessary steps, as practicable, 
        to protect the privacy of all covered individuals and other 
        parties specified in the documentation submitted under paragraph 
        (1) of such subsection;
            (2) endeavor to provide justification for requests for 
        supporting documentation made under such paragraph;
            (3) <<NOTE: Requirement.>>  require that allegations be 
        proven by a preponderance of evidence; and
            (4) <<NOTE: Appeals.>>  as practicable, afford subjects an 
        opportunity to provide comments and rebuttal and an opportunity 
        to appeal before final administrative action is taken.
SEC. 10634. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19234.>>  RESEARCH SECURITY TRAINING 
                            REQUIREMENT FOR FEDERAL RESEARCH AWARD 
                            PERSONNEL.

    (a) Annual Training Requirement.--
            (1) <<NOTE: Deadline. Certifications.>>  In general.--Not 
        later than 12 months after the date of the enactment of this 
        Act, each Federal research agency shall establish a requirement 
        that, as part of an application for a research and development 
        award from the agency--
                    (A) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  each covered individual 
                listed on the application for a research and development 
                award certify that each such individual has completed 
                within one year of such application research security 
                training that meets the guidelines developed under 
                subsection (b); and
                    (B) each institution of higher education or other 
                organization applying for such an award certify that 
                each covered individual who is employed by such 
                institution or organization and listed on the 
                application has completed such training.
            (2) Consistency.--The Director of the Office of Science and 
        Technology Policy shall ensure that the training requirements 
        established by Federal research agencies pursuant to paragraph 
        (1) are consistent.

    (b) <<NOTE: Compliance.>>  Training Guidelines.--The Director of the 
Office of Science and Technology Policy, acting through the National 
Science and Technology Council and in accordance with the authority 
provided under section 1746(a) of the National Defense Authorization Act 
for Fiscal Year 2020 (Public Law 116-92; 42 U.S.C. 6601 note), shall, 
taking into consideration stakeholder input, develop guidelines for 
institutions of higher education and other organizations receiving 
Federal research and development funds to use in developing their own 
training programs to address the unique needs,

[[Page 136 STAT. 1668]]

challenges, and risk profiles of such institutions and other 
organizations, including adoption of security training modules developed 
under subsection (c), to ensure compliance with National Security 
Presidential Memorandum-33 (relating to strengthening protections of the 
United States Government-supported research and development against 
foreign government interference and exploitation) or any successor 
documents.

    (c) Security Training Modules.--
            
        (1) <<NOTE: Deadline. Coordination. Consultation. Contracts. Comp
        liance.>>  In general.--Not later than 90 days after the date of 
        the enactment of this Act, the Director of the Office of Science 
        and Technology Policy, in coordination with the Director of the 
        National Science Foundation, the Director of the National 
        Institutes of Health, the Secretary of Energy, and the Secretary 
        of Defense, and in consultation with the heads of relevant 
        Federal research agencies, shall enter into an agreement or 
        contract with a qualified entity for the development of online 
        research security training modules for the research community 
        and participants in the United States research and development 
        enterprise to ensure compliance with National Security 
        Presidential Memorandum-33 or successor documents, including 
        modules--
                    (A) focused on cybersecurity, international 
                collaboration and international travel, foreign 
                interference, and rules for proper use of funds, 
                disclosure, conflict of commitment, and conflict of 
                interest; and
                    (B) tailored to the unique needs of--
                          (i) covered individuals;
                          (ii) undergraduate students, graduate 
                      students, and postdoctoral researchers; and
                          (iii) applicants for awards under the SBIR and 
                      STTR programs (as such terms are defined in 
                      section 9(e) of the Small Business Act (15 U.S.C. 
                      638(e)).
            (2) Stakeholder input.--Prior to entering into the agreement 
        under paragraph (1), the Director of the Office of Science and 
        Technology Policy shall seek input from academic, private 
        sector, intelligence, and law enforcement stakeholders regarding 
        the scope and content of security training modules, including 
        the diversity of needs across institutions of higher education 
        and other recipients of different sizes and types, and 
        recommendations for minimizing administrative burden on 
        recipients and researchers.
            (3) Development.--The Director of the Office of Science and 
        Technology Policy shall ensure that the entity referred to in 
        paragraph (1)--
                    (A) develops security training modules that can be 
                adapted and utilized across Federal research agencies; 
                and
                    (B) <<NOTE: Plan. Updates.>>  develops and 
                implements a plan for regularly updating such modules as 
                needed.
SEC. 10635. RESEARCH FUNDS ACCOUNTING.

    (a) Study Period Defined.--In this section the term ``study period'' 
means the 5-year period ending on the date of the enactment of this Act.
    (b) Study.--The Comptroller General of the United States shall 
conduct a study on Federal funding made available to foreign entities of 
concern for research, during the study period.

[[Page 136 STAT. 1669]]

    (c) <<NOTE: Assessments.>>  Matters to Be Included.--The study 
conducted under subsection (b) shall include, to the extent practicable 
with respect to the study period, an assessment of--
            (1) the total amount of Federal funding made available to 
        foreign entities of concern for research;
            (2) the total number and types of foreign entities of 
        concern to which such funding was made available;
            (3) the requirements relating to the awarding, tracking, and 
        monitoring of such funding;
            (4) <<NOTE: Data.>>  any other data available with respect 
        to Federal funding made available to foreign entities of concern 
        for research; and
            (5) such other matters as the Comptroller General of the 
        United States determines appropriate.

    (d) <<NOTE: Deadline.>> Briefing on Available Data.--Not later than 
120 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Comptroller 
General of the United States shall brief the Committee on Commerce, 
Science, and Transportation, the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, 
and Pensions, and the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate and 
the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology, the Committee on Energy 
and Commerce, and the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of 
Representatives on the study conducted under subsection (b) and the data 
that is available with respect to Federal funding made available to 
foreign entities of concern for research.

    (e) Report.--The Comptroller General of the United States shall 
submit to the congressional committees specified in subsection (d), by a 
date agreed upon by the Comptroller General and the committees on the 
date of the briefing under such subsection, a report on the findings of 
the study conducted under subsection (b).
SEC. 10636. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19235.>> PERSON OR ENTITY OF CONCERN 
                            PROHIBITION.

    No person published on the list under section 1237(b) of the Strom 
Thurmond National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1999 (Public 
Law 105-261; 50 U.S.C. 1701 note) or entity identified under section 
1260h of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization 
Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (10 U.S.C. 113 note; Public Law 116-283) may 
receive or participate in any grant, award, program, support, or other 
activity under--
            (1) the Directorate established in subtitle G of title III 
        of this division;
            (2) section 28(b)(1) of the Stevenson-Wydler Technology 
        Innovation Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 3701 et seq.), as added by 
        section 10621; or
            (3) the Manufacturing USA Program, as improved and expanded 
        under subtitle E of title II of this division.
SEC. 10637. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19236.>>  NONDISCRIMINATION.

    In carrying out requirements under this subtitle, each Federal 
research agency shall ensure that policies and activities developed and 
implemented pursuant to this subtitle are carried out in a manner that 
does not target, stigmatize, or discriminate against individuals on the 
basis of race, ethnicity, or national origin, consistent with title VI 
of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 (42 U.S.C. 2000d et seq.).
SEC. 10638. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19237.>> DEFINITIONS.

    In this subtitle:

[[Page 136 STAT. 1670]]

            (1) Covered individual.--The term ``covered individual'' 
        means an individual who--
                    (A) contributes in a substantive, meaningful way to 
                the scientific development or execution of a research 
                and development project proposed to be carried out with 
                a research and development award from a Federal research 
                agency; and
                    (B) is designated as a covered individual by the 
                Federal research agency concerned.
            (2) <<NOTE: Determination.>> Foreign country of concern.--
        The term ``foreign country of concern'' means the People's 
        Republic of China, the Democratic People's Republic of Korea, 
        the Russian Federation, the Islamic Republic of Iran, or any 
        other country determined to be a country of concern by the 
        Secretary of State.
            (3) Foreign entity of concern.--The term ``foreign entity of 
        concern'' means a foreign entity that is--
                    (A) designated as a foreign terrorist organization 
                by the Secretary of State under section 219(a) of the 
                Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1189(a));
                    (B) included on the list of specially designated 
                nationals and blocked persons maintained by the Office 
                of Foreign Assets Control of the Department of the 
                Treasury (commonly known as the SDN list);
                    (C) owned by, controlled by, or subject to the 
                jurisdiction or direction of a government of a foreign 
                country that is a covered nation (as such term is 
                defined in section 4872 of title 10, United States 
                Code);
                    (D) alleged by the Attorney General to have been 
                involved in activities for which a conviction was 
                obtained under--
                          (i) chapter 37 of title 18, United States Code 
                      (commonly known as the Espionage Act);
                          (ii) section 951 or 1030 of title 18, United 
                      States Code;
                          (iii) chapter 90 of title 18, United States 
                      Code (commonly known as the Economic Espionage Act 
                      of 1996);
                          (iv) the Arms Export Control Act (22 U.S.C. 
                      2751 et seq.);
                          (v) section 224, 225, 226, 227, or 236 of the 
                      Atomic Energy Act of 1954 (42 U.S.C. 2274, 2275, 
                      2276, 2277, and 2284);
                          (vi) the Export Control Reform Act of 2018 (50 
                      U.S.C. 4801 et seq.); or
                          (vii) the International Emergency Economic 
                      Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.); or
                    
                (E) <<NOTE: Determination. Consultation.>> determined by 
                the Secretary of Commerce, in consultation with the 
                Secretary of Defense and the Director of National 
                Intelligence, to be engaged in unauthorized conduct that 
                is detrimental to the national security or foreign 
                policy of the United States.
            (4) Malign foreign talent recruitment program.--The term 
        ``malign foreign talent recruitment program'' means--
                    (A) any program, position, or activity that includes 
                compensation in the form of cash, in-kind compensation, 
                including research funding, promised future 
                compensation, complimentary foreign travel, things of 
                non de minimis

[[Page 136 STAT. 1671]]

                value, honorific titles, career advancement 
                opportunities, or other types of remuneration or 
                consideration directly provided by a foreign country at 
                any level (national, provincial, or local) or their 
                designee, or an entity based in, funded by, or 
                affiliated with a foreign country, whether or not 
                directly sponsored by the foreign country, to the 
                targeted individual, whether directly or indirectly 
                stated in the arrangement, contract, or other 
                documentation at issue, in exchange for the individual--
                          (i) engaging in the unauthorized transfer of 
                      intellectual property, materials, data products, 
                      or other nonpublic information owned by a United 
                      States entity or developed with a Federal research 
                      and development award to the government of a 
                      foreign country or an entity based in, funded by, 
                      or affiliated with a foreign country regardless of 
                      whether that government or entity provided support 
                      for the development of the intellectual property, 
                      materials, or data products;
                          (ii) being required to recruit trainees or 
                      researchers to enroll in such program, position, 
                      or activity;
                          (iii) establishing a laboratory or company, 
                      accepting a faculty position, or undertaking any 
                      other employment or appointment in a foreign 
                      country or with an entity based in, funded by, or 
                      affiliated with a foreign country if such 
                      activities are in violation of the standard terms 
                      and conditions of a Federal research and 
                      development award;
                          (iv) being unable to terminate the foreign 
                      talent recruitment program contract or agreement 
                      except in extraordinary circumstances;
                          (v) through funding or effort related to the 
                      foreign talent recruitment program, being limited 
                      in the capacity to carry out a research and 
                      development award or required to engage in work 
                      that would result in substantial overlap or 
                      duplication with a Federal research and 
                      development award;
                          (vi) being required to apply for and 
                      successfully receive funding from the sponsoring 
                      foreign government's funding agencies with the 
                      sponsoring foreign organization as the recipient;
                          (vii) being required to omit acknowledgment of 
                      the recipient institution with which the 
                      individual is affiliated, or the Federal research 
                      agency sponsoring the research and development 
                      award, contrary to the institutional policies or 
                      standard terms and conditions of the Federal 
                      research and development award;
                          (viii) being required to not disclose to the 
                      Federal research agency or employing institution 
                      the participation of such individual in such 
                      program, position, or activity; or
                          (ix) having a conflict of interest or conflict 
                      of commitment contrary to the standard terms and 
                      conditions of the Federal research and development 
                      award; and
                    (B) a program that is sponsored by--

[[Page 136 STAT. 1672]]

                          (i) a foreign country of concern or an entity 
                      based in a foreign country of concern, whether or 
                      not directly sponsored by the foreign country of 
                      concern;
                          (ii) an academic institution on the list 
                      developed under section 1286(c)(8) of the John S. 
                      McCain National Defense Authorization Act for 
                      Fiscal Year 2019 (10 U.S.C. 2358 note; Public Law 
                      115-232); or
                          (iii) a foreign talent recruitment program on 
                      the list developed under section 1286(c)(9) of the 
                      John S. McCain National Defense Authorization Act 
                      for Fiscal Year 2019 (10 U.S.C. 2358 note; Public 
                      Law 115-232).

   Subtitle E-- <<NOTE: Coastal and Ocean Acidification Research and 
 Innovation Act of 2021.>> Coastal and Ocean Acidification Research and 
Innovation
SEC. 10641. <<NOTE: 33 USC 3701 note.>> SHORT TITLE.

    This subtitle may be cited as the ``Coastal and Ocean Acidification 
Research and Innovation Act of 2021''.
SEC. 10642. PURPOSES.

    (a) In General.--Section 12402(a) of the Federal Ocean Acidification 
Research and Monitoring Act of 2009 (33 U.S.C. 3701(a)) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (1)--
                    (A) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A), by 
                striking ``development and coordination'' and inserting 
                ``development coordination and implementation'';
                    (B) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``acidification 
                on marine organisms'' and inserting ``acidification and 
                coastal acidification on marine organisms''; and
                    (C) in subparagraph (B), by striking ``establish'' 
                and all that follows through the semicolon and inserting 
                ``maintain and advise an interagency research, 
                monitoring, and public outreach program on ocean 
                acidification and coastal acidification;'';
            (2) in paragraph (2), by striking ``establishment'' and 
        inserting ``maintenance'';
            (3) in paragraph (3), by inserting ``and coastal 
        acidification'' after ``ocean acidification''; and
            (4) in paragraph (4), by striking ``techniques for'' and all 
        that follows through the period and inserting ``mitigating the 
        impacts of ocean and coastal acidification and related co-
        stressors on marine ecosystems.''.

    (b) Technical and Conforming Amendment.--Section 12402 of the 
Federal Ocean Acidification Research and Monitoring Act of 2009 (33 
U.S.C. 3701(a)) is amended by striking ``(a) Purposes.--''.
SEC. 10643. DEFINITIONS.

    Section 12403 of the Federal Ocean Acidification Research and 
Monitoring Act of 2009 (33 U.S.C. 3702) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (1), by striking ``of the Earth's oceans'' 
        and all that follows before the period at the end and inserting 
        ``and changes in the water chemistry of the Earth's oceans, 
        coastal estuaries, marine waterways, and Great Lakes caused

[[Page 136 STAT. 1673]]

        by carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and the breakdown of 
        organic matter'';
            (2) in paragraph (3), by striking ``Joint Subcommittee on 
        Ocean Science and Technology of the National Science and 
        Technology Council'' and inserting ``National Science and 
        Technology Council Subcommittee on Ocean Science and 
        Technology'';
            (3) by redesignating paragraphs (1), (2), and (3) as 
        paragraphs (2), (3), and (4), respectively;
            (4) by inserting before paragraph (2), as so redesignated, 
        the following:
            ``(1) Coastal acidification.--The term `coastal 
        acidification' means the decrease in pH and changes in the water 
        chemistry of coastal oceans, estuaries, and Great Lakes from 
        atmospheric pollution, freshwater inputs, and excess nutrient 
        run-off from land.''; and
            (5) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(5) State.--The term `State' means each State of the 
        United States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of 
        Puerto Rico, American Samoa, Guam, the Commonwealth of the 
        Northern Mariana Islands, the Virgin Islands of the United 
        States, and any other territory or possession of the United 
        States.''.
SEC. 10644. INTERAGENCY WORKING GROUP.

    Section 12404 of the Federal Ocean Acidification Research and 
Monitoring Act of 2009 (33 U.S.C. 3703) is amended--
            (1) in the heading, by striking ``subcommittee'' and 
        inserting ``working group'';
            (2) in subsection (a)--
                    (A) in paragraph (1), by striking ``Joint 
                Subcommittee on Ocean Science and Technology of the 
                National Science and Technology Council shall coordinate 
                Federal activities on ocean acidification and 
                establish'' and insert ``Subcommittee shall coordinate 
                Federal activities on ocean and coastal acidification 
                and establish and maintain'';
                    (B) in paragraph (2), by striking ``Wildlife 
                Service,'' and inserting ``Wildlife Service, the Bureau 
                of Ocean Energy Management, the Environmental Protection 
                Agency, the Department of Agriculture, the Department of 
                State, the Department of Energy, the Department of the 
                Navy, the National Park Service, the Bureau of Indian 
                Affairs, the National Institute of Standards and 
                Technology, the Smithsonian Institution,''; and
                    (C) in paragraph (3), in the heading, by striking 
                ``Chairman'' and inserting ``Chair'';
            (3) in subsection (b)--
                    (A) in paragraph (2)--
                          (i) in subparagraph (A), by inserting ``and 
                      coastal acidification'' after ``ocean 
                      acidification''; and
                          (ii) in subparagraph (B), by inserting ``and 
                      coastal acidification'' after ``ocean 
                      acidification'';
                    (B) in paragraph (4), by striking ``; and'' and 
                inserting a semicolon; and
                    (C) in paragraph (5)--
                          (i) by inserting ``, and contribute to as 
                      appropriate,'' after ``designate'';

[[Page 136 STAT. 1674]]

                          (ii) by striking ``developed'' and inserting 
                      ``and coastal acidification developed''; and
                          (iii) by striking the period at the end and 
                      inserting ``and coastal acidification; and''.
            (4) in subsection (c)--
                    (A) in paragraph (2)--
                          (i) by inserting ``until 2032'' after ``every 
                      2 years thereafter'';
                          (ii) by inserting ``, and to the Office of 
                      Management and Budget,'' after ``House of 
                      Representatives''; and
                          (iii) in subparagraph (B), by striking ``the 
                      interagency research'' and inserting ``interagency 
                      strategic research'';
                    (B) in paragraph (3), by inserting ``until 2031'' 
                after ``at least once every 5 years''; and
                    (C) in paragraph (4), by inserting ``until 2032'' 
                after ``and every 6 years thereafter'';
            (5) by redesignating subsection (c) as subsection (e); and
            (6) by inserting after subsection (b) the following:

    ``(c) Advisory Board.--
            ``(1) Establishment.--The Chair of the Subcommittee shall 
        establish an Ocean Acidification Advisory Board.
            ``(2) Duties.--The Advisory Board shall--
                    ``(A) maintain a process for reviewing and making 
                recommendations to the Subcommittee on--
                          ``(i) the biennial report specified in 
                      subsection (d)(2); and
                          ``(ii) the strategic research plan in 
                      subsection (d)(3);
                    ``(B) provide ongoing advice to the Subcommittee and 
                the interagency working group on matters related to 
                Federal activities on ocean and coastal acidification, 
                including impacts and mitigation of ocean and coastal 
                acidification; and
                    ``(C) advise the Subcommittee and the interagency 
                working group on--
                          ``(i) efforts to coordinate research and 
                      monitoring activities related to ocean 
                      acidification and coastal acidification; and
                          ``(ii) the best practices for the standards 
                      developed for data archiving under section 
                      12406(d).
            ``(3) Membership.--The Advisory Board shall consist of 25 
        members as follows:
                    ``(A) Two representatives of the shellfish, lobster, 
                or crab industry.
                    ``(B) One representative of the finfish industry.
                    ``(C) One representative of seafood processors.
                    ``(D) Three representatives from academia, including 
                both natural and social sciences.
                    ``(E) One representative of recreational fishing.
                    ``(F) One representative of a relevant 
                nongovernmental organization.
                    ``(G) Six representatives from relevant State and 
                local governments with policy or regulatory authorities 
                related to ocean acidification and coastal 
                acidification.
                    ``(H) One representative from the Alaska Ocean 
                Acidification Network or a subsequent entity that 
                represents the same geographical region and has a 
                similar purpose.

[[Page 136 STAT. 1675]]

                    ``(I) One representative from the California Current 
                Acidification Network or a subsequent entity that 
                represents the same geographical region and has a 
                similar purpose.
                    ``(J) One representative from the Northeast Coastal 
                Acidification Network or a subsequent entity that 
                represents the same geographical region and has a 
                similar purpose.
                    ``(K) One representative from the Southeast Coastal 
                Acidification Network or a subsequent entity that 
                represents the same geographical region and has a 
                similar purpose.
                    ``(L) One representative from the Gulf of Mexico 
                Coastal Acidification Network or a subsequent entity 
                that represents the same geographical region and has a 
                similar purpose.
                    ``(M) One representative from the Mid-Atlantic 
                Coastal Acidification Network or a subsequent entity 
                that represents the same geographical region and has a 
                similar purpose.
                    ``(N) One representative from the Pacific Islands 
                Ocean Observing System or a subsequent entity that 
                represents the island territories and possessions of the 
                United States in the Pacific Ocean, and the State of 
                Hawaii and has a similar purpose.
                    ``(O) One representative from the Caribbean Regional 
                Association for Coastal Ocean Observing or a subsequent 
                entity that represents Puerto Rico and the United States 
                Virgin Islands and has a similar purpose.
                    ``(P) One representative from the National Oceanic 
                and Atmospheric Administration Olympic Coast Ocean 
                Acidification Sentinel Site or a subsequent entity that 
                represents the same geographical representation.
                    ``(Q) One representative from the National Oceanic 
                and Atmospheric Administration shall serve as an ex-
                officio member of the Advisory Board without a vote.
            ``(4) Appointment of members.--The Chair of the Subcommittee 
        shall--
                    ``(A) appoint members to the Advisory Board (taking 
                into account the geographical interests of each 
                individual to be appointed as a member of the Advisory 
                Board to ensure that an appropriate balance of 
                geographical interests are represented by the members of 
                the Advisory Board) who--
                          ``(i) represent the interest group for which 
                      each seat is designated;
                          ``(ii) demonstrate expertise on ocean 
                      acidification or coastal acidification and its 
                      scientific, economic, industry, cultural, and 
                      community impacts; and
                          ``(iii) have a record of distinguished service 
                      with respect to ocean acidification or coastal 
                      acidification, and such impacts;
                    ``(B) give consideration to nominations and 
                recommendations from the members of the interagency 
                working group and the public for such appointments; and

[[Page 136 STAT. 1676]]

                    ``(C) ensure that an appropriate balance of 
                scientific, industry, State and local resource managers, 
                and geographical interests are represented by the 
                members of the Advisory Board.
            ``(5) Term of membership.--Each member of the Advisory 
        Board--
                    ``(A) shall be appointed for a 5-year term; and
                    ``(B) may be appointed to no more than two terms.
            ``(6) Chair.--The Chair of the Subcommittee shall appoint 
        one member of the Advisory Board to serve as the Chair of the 
        Advisory Board.
            ``(7) <<NOTE: Time period. Consultation.>>  Meetings.--Not 
        less than once each calendar year, the Advisory Board shall meet 
        at such times and places as may be designated by the Chair of 
        the Advisory Board, in consultation with the Chair of the 
        Subcommittee and the Chair of the interagency working group.
            ``(8) Briefing.--The Chair of the Advisory Board shall brief 
        the Subcommittee and the interagency working group on the 
        progress of the Advisory Board as necessary or at the request of 
        the Subcommittee.
            ``(9) Tribal government engagement and coordination.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Advisory Board shall maintain 
                mechanisms for coordination, and engagement with Tribal 
                governments.
                    ``(i) Rule of construction.--Nothing in subparagraph 
                (A) may be construed as affecting any requirement to 
                consult with Indian Tribes under Executive Order 13175 
                (25 U.S.C. 5301 note; relating to consultation and 
                coordination with Tribal governments) or any other 
                applicable law or policy.
            ``(10) <<NOTE: Time period.>> Federal advisory committee 
        act.--Section 14 of the Federal Advisory Committee Act shall not 
        apply to the Advisory Board for 10 years from the date of 
        enactment of this Act.

    ``(d) Prize Competitions.--
            ``(1) In general.--Any Federal agency with a representative 
        serving on the interagency working group established under this 
        section may, either individually or in cooperation with one or 
        more agencies, carry out a program to award prizes competitively 
        under section 24 of the Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation 
        Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 3719). <<NOTE: Coordination.>>  An agency 
        seeking to carry out such a program shall carry out such program 
        in coordination with the chair of such interagency working 
        group.
            ``(2) Purposes.--Any prize competition carried out under 
        this subsection shall be for the purpose of stimulating 
        innovation to advance our Nation's ability to understand, 
        research, or monitor ocean acidification or its impacts, or to 
        develop management or adaptation options for responding to ocean 
        and coastal acidification.
            ``(3) Priority programs.--Priority shall be given to 
        establishing programs under this section that address 
        communities, environments, or industries that are in distress 
        due to the impacts of ocean and coastal acidification.''.

[[Page 136 STAT. 1677]]

SEC. 10645. STRATEGIC RESEARCH PLAN.

    Section 12405 of the Federal Ocean Acidification Research and 
Monitoring Act of 2009 (33 U.S.C. 3704) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)--
                    (A) by striking ``acidification'' each place it 
                appears and inserting ``acidification and coastal 
                acidification'';
                    (B) in the first sentence--
                          (i) by inserting ``, and not later than every 
                      5 years following the publication of each 
                      subsequent strategic research plan until 2035'' 
                      after ``the date of enactment of this Act'';
                          (ii) by inserting ``address the socioeconomic 
                      impacts of ocean acidification and coastal 
                      acidification and to'' after ``mitigation 
                      strategies to''; and
                          (iii) by striking ``marine ecosystems'' each 
                      place it appears and inserting ``ecosystems''; and
                    (C) in the second sentence, by striking ``National 
                Academy of Sciences in the review of the plan required 
                under subsection (d)'', and inserting ``Advisory Board 
                established in section 12404(c)'';
            (2) in subsection (b)--
                    (A) in paragraph (1), by inserting ``and social 
                sciences'' after ``among the ocean sciences'';
                    (B) in paragraph (2)--
                          (i) in subparagraph (B)--
                                    (I) by striking ``improve the 
                                ability to assess the'' and inserting 
                                ``assess the short-term and long-term''; 
                                and
                                    (II) by striking ``; and'' at the 
                                end and inserting a semicolon;
                          (ii) by amending subparagraph (C) to read as 
                      follows:
                    ``(C) provide information for the development of 
                adaptation and mitigation strategies to address--
                          ``(i) socioeconomic impacts of ocean 
                      acidification and coastal acidification;
                          ``(ii) conservation of marine organisms and 
                      ecosystems;
                          ``(iii) assessment of the effectiveness of 
                      such adaptation and mitigation strategies; and''; 
                      and
                          (iii) by adding at the end the following new 
                      subparagraph:
                    ``(D) improve research on--
                          ``(i) ocean acidification and coastal 
                      acidification;
                          ``(ii) the interactions between and effects of 
                      ocean and coastal acidification and multiple 
                      combined stressors including changes in water 
                      chemistry, changes in sediment delivery, hypoxia, 
                      and harmful algal blooms, on ocean acidification 
                      and coastal acidification; and
                          ``(iii) the effect or effects of clauses (i) 
                      and (ii) on marine resources and ecosystems;'';
                    (C) in paragraph (3)--
                          (i) in subparagraph (F), by striking 
                      ``database development'' and inserting ``data 
                      management'';
                          (ii) in subparagraph (H) by striking ``and'' 
                      at the end; and

[[Page 136 STAT. 1678]]

                          (iii) by adding at the end the following new 
                      subparagraphs:
                    ``(J) assessment of adaptation and mitigation 
                strategies; and
                    ``(K) education and outreach activities;'';
                    (D) in paragraph (4), by striking ``set forth'' and 
                inserting ``ensure an appropriate balance of 
                contribution in establishing'';
                    (E) in paragraph (5), by striking ``reports'' and 
                inserting ``the best available peer-reviewed scientific 
                reports'';
                    (F) in paragraph (6)--
                          (i) by inserting ``and coastal acidification'' 
                      after ``ocean acidification''; and
                          (ii) by striking ``of the United States'' and 
                      inserting ``within the United States'';
                    (G) in paragraph (8)--
                          (i) by inserting ``and coastal acidification'' 
                      after ``ocean acidification'' each place it 
                      appears;
                          (ii) by striking ``its'' and inserting 
                      ``their''; and
                          (iii) by striking ``; and'' at the end and 
                      inserting a semicolon;
                    (H) in paragraph (9), by striking ``and'' at the end
                    (I) in paragraph (10), by striking the period at the 
                end and inserting a semicolon; and
                    (J) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(11) describe monitoring needs necessary to support 
        potentially affected industry members, coastal stakeholders, 
        fishery management councils and commissions, Tribal governments, 
        non-Federal resource managers, and scientific experts on 
        decision-making and adaptation related to ocean acidification 
        and coastal acidification; and
            ``(12) describe the extent to which the Subcommittee 
        incorporated feedback from the Advisory Board established in 
        section 12404(c).'';
            (3) in subsection (c)--
                    (A) in paragraph (1)(C), by striking ``surface'';
                    (B) in paragraph (2), by inserting ``and coastal 
                acidification'' after ``ocean acidification'' each place 
                it appears;
                    (C) in paragraph (3)--
                          (i) by striking ``input, and'' and inserting 
                      ``inputs,'';
                          (ii) by inserting ``, marine food webs,'' 
                      after ``marine ecosystems''; and
                          (iii) by inserting ``, and modeling that 
                      supports fisheries management'' after ``marine 
                      organisms'';
                    (D) in paragraph (5), by inserting ``and coastal 
                acidification'' after ``ocean acidification''; and
                    (E) by adding at the end the following new 
                paragraph:
            ``(8) Research to understand related and cumulative 
        stressors and other biogeochemical processes occurring in 
        conjunction with ocean acidification and coastal 
        acidification.''; and
            (4) by striking subsections (d) and (e) and inserting the 
        following:

    ``(d) <<NOTE: Public information. Web posting.>> Publication.--
Concurrent with the submission of the plan to Congress, the Subcommittee 
shall publish the plan on a public website.''.

[[Page 136 STAT. 1679]]

SEC. 10646. NOAA OCEAN ACIDIFICATION ACTIVITIES.

    Section 12406 of the Federal Ocean Acidification Research and 
Monitoring Act of 2009 (33 U.S.C. 3705) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)--
                    (A) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by 
                inserting ``coordination,'' after ``research, 
                monitoring,'';
                    (B) in paragraph (1)--
                          (i) in subparagraph (B), by inserting 
                      ``including leveraging, as appropriate, the 
                      Integrated Ocean Observing System and the ocean 
                      observing assets of other Federal, State, and 
                      Tribal agencies,'' after ``ocean observing 
                      assets,'';
                          (ii) by redesignating subparagraphs (C), (D), 
                      (E), and (F) as subparagraphs (E), (G), (H), and 
                      (I), respectively;
                          (iii) by inserting after subparagraph (B) the 
                      following new subparagraphs:
                    ``(C) prioritization of the location of monitoring 
                instruments, assets, and projects to maximize the 
                efficiency of resources and agency and department 
                missions;
                    ``(D) an optimization of understanding of 
                socioeconomic impacts and ecosystem health''.
                          (iv) in subparagraph (E), as so redesignated, 
                      by striking ``adaptation'' and inserting 
                      ``adaptation and mitigation'';
                          (v) by inserting after subparagraph (E), as so 
                      redesignated, the following new subparagraph:
                    ``(F) technical assistance to socioeconomically 
                vulnerable States, local governments, Tribal 
                governments, communities, and industries impacted by 
                ocean and coastal acidification to support their 
                development of ocean and coastal acidification 
                mitigation strategies;''.
                          (vi) in subparagraph (H), as so redesignated--
                                    (I) by striking ``its impacts'' and 
                                inserting ``their respective impacts'';
                                    (II) by striking ``and'' at the end;
                          (vii) in subparagraph (I), as so 
                      redesignated--
                                    (I) by striking ``monitoring and 
                                impacts research'' and inserting 
                                ``research, monitoring, and adaptation 
                                and mitigation strategies''; and
                                    (II) by striking the period at the 
                                end and inserting a semicolon; and
                          (viii) by adding at the end the following new 
                      subparagraphs:
                    ``(J) research to improve understanding of--
                          ``(i) the impact of ocean acidification and 
                      coastal acidification; and
                          ``(ii) how multiple environmental stressors 
                      may contribute to and exacerbate ocean and coastal 
                      acidification on living marine resources and 
                      coastal ecosystems; and
                    ``(K) research to support the development of 
                adaptation and mitigation strategies to address the 
                socioeconomic impacts of ocean and coastal acidification 
                on coastal communities;'';

[[Page 136 STAT. 1680]]

                    (C) in paragraph (2), by striking ``critical 
                research projects that explore'' and inserting 
                ``critical research, education, and outreach projects 
                that explore and communicate''; and
                    (D) in paragraphs (1) and (2), by striking 
                ``acidification'' each place it appears and inserting 
                ``acidification and coastal acidification''; and
            (2) by adding at the end the following new subsections:

    ``(c) <<NOTE: Coordination.>>  Relationship to Interagency Working 
Group.--The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration shall serve 
as the lead Federal agency responsible for coordinating the Federal 
response to ocean and coastal acidification. <<NOTE: Memorandums.>>  The 
Administration may enter into Memoranda of Understanding to--
            ``(1) coordinate monitoring and research efforts among 
        Federal agencies in cooperation with State, local, and Tribal 
        governments and international partners; this may include 
        analysis and synthesis of the results of monitoring and 
        research;
            ``(2) maintain an Ocean Acidification Information Exchange 
        described under section 12404(b)(5) to allow for information to 
        be electronically accessible, including information--
                    ``(A) on ocean acidification developed through or 
                used by the ocean acidification program described under 
                subsection (a); or
                    ``(B) that would be useful to State governments, 
                local governments, Tribal governments, resource 
                managers, policymakers, researchers, and other 
                stakeholders in mitigating or adapting to the impacts of 
                ocean acidification and coastal acidification; and
            ``(3) establishing and maintaining the data archive system 
        under subsection (d).

    ``(d) Data Archive System.--
            ``(1) <<NOTE: Coordination. Public information.>>  In 
        general.--The Secretary, in coordination with the members of the 
        interagency working group, shall support the long-term 
        stewardship of, and access to, data relating to ocean and 
        coastal acidification through providing the data on a publicly 
        accessible data archive system. To the extent possible, this 
        data archive system shall collect and provide access to ocean 
        and coastal acidification data--
                    ``(A) from relevant federally funded research;
                    ``(B) provided by a Federal, State, or local 
                government, academic scientist, citizen scientist, or 
                industry organization;
                    ``(C) voluntarily submitted by Tribes or Tribal 
                governments; and
                    ``(D) from existing global or national data assets 
                that are currently maintained within Federal agencies.
            ``(2) Data standards.--The Secretary to, the extent 
        possible, shall ensure all such data adheres to data and 
        metadata standards to support the public findability, 
        accessibility, interoperability, and reusability of such 
        data.''.
SEC. 10647. NSF OCEAN ACIDIFICATION ACTIVITIES.

    Section 12407 of the Federal Ocean Acidification Research and 
Monitoring Act of 2009 (33 U.S.C. 3706) is amended--
            (1) by striking ``ocean acidification'' each place it 
        appears and inserting ``ocean acidification and coastal 
        acidification'';
            (2) in subsection (a)--

[[Page 136 STAT. 1681]]

                    (A) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by 
                striking ``its impacts'' and inserting ``their 
                respective impacts'';
                    (B) in paragraph (3), by striking ``and its 
                impacts'' and inserting ``and their respective 
                impacts'';
                    (C) in paragraph (4), by striking the period at the 
                end and inserting ``; and''; and
                    (D) by adding at the end the following new 
                paragraph:
            ``(5) adaptation and mitigation strategies to address 
        socioeconomic effects of ocean acidification and coastal 
        acidification.''; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following:

    ``(d) <<NOTE: Data.>>  Requirement.--Recipients of grants from the 
National Science Foundation under this subtitle that collect data 
described under section 12406(d) shall--
            ``(1) collect data in accordance with the standards, 
        protocols, or procedures established pursuant to section 
        12406(d); and
            ``(2) submit such data to the Director and the Secretary 
        after publication, in accordance with any rules promulgated by 
        the Director or the Secretary.''.
SEC. 10648. NASA OCEAN ACIDIFICATION ACTIVITIES.

    Section 12408 of the Federal Ocean Acidification Research and 
Monitoring Act of 2009 (33 U.S.C. 3707) is amended--
            (1) by striking ``ocean acidification'' each place it 
        appears and inserting ``ocean acidification and coastal 
        acidification'';
            (2) in subsection (a), by striking ``its impacts'' and 
        inserting ``their respective impacts''; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following new subsection:

    ``(d) <<NOTE: Data.>> Requirement.--Researchers from the National 
Aeronautics and Space Administration under this subtitle that collect 
data described under section 12406(d) shall--
            ``(1) collect such data in accordance with the standards, 
        protocols, or procedures established pursuant to section 
        12406(d); and
            ``(2) submit such data to the Administrator and the 
        Secretary, in accordance with any rules promulgated by the 
        Administrator or the Secretary.''.
SEC. 10649. <<NOTE: Time periods.>>  AUTHORIZATION OF 
                            APPROPRIATIONS.

    Section 12409 of the Federal Ocean Acidification Research and 
Monitoring Act of 2009 (33 U.S.C. 3708) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a), by striking ``subtitle--'' and all 
        that follows through paragraph (4) and inserting the following: 
        ``subtitle--
            ``(1) $20,500,000 for fiscal year 2023;
            ``(2) $22,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
            ``(3) $24,000,000 for fiscal year 2025;
            ``(4) $26,000,000 for fiscal year 2026; and
            ``(5) $28,000,000 for fiscal year 2027.''; and
            (2) in subsection (b), by striking ``subtitle--'' and all 
        that follows through paragraph (4) and inserting the following: 
        ``subtitle, $20,000,000 for each of the fiscal years 2023 
        through 2027.''.

[[Page 136 STAT. 1682]]

                  Subtitle F--Interagency Working Group

SEC. 10651. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19251.>> INTERAGENCY WORKING GROUP.

    (a) <<NOTE: Coordination.>>  Establishment.--The Director of the 
Office of Science and Technology Policy, acting through the National 
Science and Technology Council, shall establish or designate an 
interagency working group to coordinate the activities specified in 
subsection (c).

    (b) Composition.--The interagency working group shall be composed of 
the following members (or their designees), who may be organized into 
subcommittees, as appropriate:
            (1) The Secretary of Commerce.
            (2) The Director of the National Science Foundation.
            (3) The Secretary of Energy.
            (4) The Secretary of Defense.
            (5) The Director of the National Economic Council.
            (6) The Director of the Office of Management and Budget.
            (7) The Secretary of Health and Human Services.
            (8) The Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space 
        Administration.
            (9) The Secretary of Agriculture.
            (10) The Director of National Intelligence.
            (11) The Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation.
            (12) Such other Federal officials as the Director of the 
        Office of Science and Technology Policy considers appropriate, 
        including members of the National Science and Technology Council 
        Committee on Technology.

    (c) Coordination.--The interagency working group shall seek to 
ensure that the activities of different Federal agencies enhance and 
complement, but, as appropriate, do not duplicate, efforts being carried 
out by another Federal agency, with a focus on the following:
            (1) The activities of the National Science Foundation 
        Technology, Innovation, and Partnerships Directorate in the key 
        technology focus areas, such as within the Regional Innovation 
        Engines under section 10388 and test beds under section 10390.
            (2) The activities of the Department of Commerce under this 
        division, including regional technology hubs under section 28 of 
        the Stevenson-Wydler Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 13701 et seq.), as 
        added by section 10621, the Manufacturing USA Program 
        established under section 34(b)(1) of the National Institute of 
        Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278s(b)(1)), and the 
        Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership (15 U.S.C. 278k).
            (3) The activities of the Department of Energy in the key 
        technology focus areas, including at the national laboratories, 
        and at Federal laboratories, as defined in section 4 of the 
        Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 
        3703), and facilities and user facilities operated in 
        partnership with such national laboratories or the Department of 
        Energy.
            (4) <<NOTE: Determination.>>  Any other program that the 
        Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy 
        determines involves research and development with respect to the 
        key technology focus areas.

    (d) Report.--The interagency working group shall--
            (1) by not later than 180 days after the date of enactment 
        of this division--

[[Page 136 STAT. 1683]]

                    (A) <<NOTE: Review.>> conduct an initial review of 
                Federal programs and resources with respect to the key 
                technology focus areas identified pursuant to section 
                10387(a)(2), in order to--
                          (i) <<NOTE: Assessment.>>  assess current 
                      level of efforts and characterize existing 
                      research infrastructure, as of the date of the 
                      review;
                          (ii) identify potential areas of overlap or 
                      duplication with respect to the key technology 
                      focus areas; and
                          (iii) identify potential cross-agency 
                      collaborations and joint funding opportunities; 
                      and
                    (B) submit a report regarding the review described 
                in subparagraph (A) to Congress; and
                    (C) <<NOTE: Recommenda- tions.>>  seek stakeholder 
                input and recommendations in the course of such review; 
                and
            (2) <<NOTE: Reviews. Updates.>>  shall carry out the annual 
        reviews and updates required under section 10387(e).

    (e) <<NOTE: President.>>  Conflicts.--If any conflicts between 
Federal agencies arise while carrying out the activities under this 
section, the President shall make the final decision regarding 
resolution of the conflict.

            Subtitle G--Quantum Networking and Communications

SEC. 10661. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19261.>>  QUANTUM NETWORKING AND 
                            COMMUNICATIONS.

    (a) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Director.--The term ``Director'' means the Director of 
        the National Science Foundation.
            (2) Appropriate committees of congress.--The term 
        ``appropriate committees of Congress'' has the meaning given 
        such term in section 2 of the National Quantum Initiative Act 
        (15 U.S.C. 8801).
            (3) Q2work program.--The term ``Q2Work Program'' means the 
        Q2Work Program supported by the Foundation.

    (b) Quantum Networking Working Group Report on Quantum Networking 
and Communications.--
            (1) Report.--Section 103 of the National Quantum Initiative 
        Act (15 U.S.C. 8813) is amended by adding the following at the 
        end the following new subsection:

    ``(h) Report on Quantum Networking and Communications.--
            ``(1) <<NOTE: Coordination. Plan.>> In general.--Not later 
        than January 1, 2026, the Quantum Networking Working Group 
        within the Subcommittee on Quantum Information Science of the 
        National Science and Technology Council, in coordination with 
        the Subcommittee on the Economic and Security Implications of 
        Quantum Information Science, shall submit to the appropriate 
        committees of Congress a report detailing a plan for the 
        advancement of quantum networking and communications technology 
        in the United States, building on the report entitled A 
        Strategic Vision for America's Quantum Networks and A 
        Coordinated Approach for Quantum Networking Research.
            ``(2) Requirements.--The report under paragraph (1) shall 
        include the following:
                    ``(A) <<NOTE: Update.>>  An update to the report 
                entitled Coordinated Approach to Quantum Networking 
                Research Report focusing

[[Page 136 STAT. 1684]]

                on a framework for interagency collaboration regarding 
                the advancement of quantum networking and communications 
                research.
                    ``(B) <<NOTE: Plan. List.>>  A plan for Federal 
                Government partnership with the private sector and 
                interagency collaboration regarding engagement in 
                international standards for quantum networking and 
                communications technology, including a list of Federal 
                priorities for standards relating to such networking and 
                technology.
                    ``(C) <<NOTE: Proposal.>>  A proposal for the 
                protection of national security interests relating to 
                the advancement of quantum networking and communications 
                technology.
                    ``(D) <<NOTE: Assessment.>>  An assessment of the 
                relative position of the United States with respect to 
                other countries in the global race to develop, 
                demonstrate, and utilize quantum networking and 
                communications technology.
                    ``(E) <<NOTE: Recommenda- tions.>>  Recommendations 
                to Congress for legislative action relating to the 
                matters considered under subparagraphs (A), (B), (C), 
                and (D).
                    ``(F) Such other matters as the Quantum Network 
                Working Group considers necessary to advance the 
                security of communications and network infrastructure, 
                remain at the forefront of scientific discovery in the 
                quantum information science domain, and transition 
                quantum information science research into the emerging 
                quantum technology economy.''.

    (c) Quantum Networking and Communications Research and 
Standardization.--
            (1) Research.--Subsection (a) of section 201 of the National 
        Quantum Initiative Act (15 U.S.C. 8831) is amended by--
                    (A) redesignating paragraphs (3) and (4) as 
                paragraphs (6) and (7), respectively; and
                    (B) inserting after paragraph (2) the following new 
                paragraphs:
            ``(3) shall carry out research to facilitate the development 
        and standardization of quantum cryptography and post-quantum 
        classical cryptography;
            ``(4) shall carry out research to facilitate the development 
        and standardization of quantum networking, communications, and 
        sensing technologies and applications;
            ``(5) <<NOTE: Determination. Review.>> for quantum 
        technologies determined by the Director of the National 
        Institute of Standards and Technology to be at a readiness level 
        sufficient for standardization, shall provide technical review 
        and assistance to such other Federal agencies as the Director 
        considers appropriate for the development of quantum networking 
        infrastructure standards;''.
            (2) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  Authorization of 
        appropriations.--There is authorized to be appropriated to the 
        Scientific and Technical Research and Services account of the 
        National Institute of Standards and Technology to carry out 
        paragraphs (3) through (5) of subsection (a) of section 201 of 
        the National Quantum Initiative Act (as inserted pursuant to the 
        amendments made by paragraph (1) of this subsection) $15,000,000 
        for each of fiscal years 2023 through 2027.

    (d) Quantum Information Science Workforce Evaluation and 
Acceleration.--

[[Page 136 STAT. 1685]]

            (1) <<NOTE: Deadline. Contracts. Study. Recommenda- 
        tions.>> In general.--Not later than 180 days after the date of 
        the enactment of this Act, the Director shall enter into an 
        agreement with the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, 
        and Medicine to conduct a study to evaluate and make 
        recommendations for the quantum information science workforce. 
        The study shall--
                    (A) characterize the quantum information science 
                workforce, including by--
                          (i) describing what constitutes a quantum 
                      information science qualified worker across 
                      sectors, including academia, the Federal 
                      Government, and industry; and
                          (ii) describing the size and makeup of the 
                      quantum information science workforce, including 
                      an assessment of current and future trends;
                    (B) identify near- and long-term quantum information 
                science workforce needs across government, academia, and 
                industry sectors, including identifying the cross-
                disciplinary academic degrees or academic courses 
                necessary to--
                          (i) prepare students for multiple career 
                      pathways in quantum information sciences and 
                      related fields;
                          (ii) ensure the United States is competitive 
                      in the field of quantum information science while 
                      preserving national security; and
                          (iii) support the development of quantum 
                      applications;
                    (C) <<NOTE: Assessment.>>  assess the state of 
                quantum information science education and skills 
                training at all education levels and identify gaps in 
                meeting current and future workforce needs, including 
                with respect to--
                          (i) elementary, middle, and high-school 
                      student access to foundational courses, age-
                      appropriate quantum concepts, and hands-on 
                      learning opportunities;
                          (ii) elementary, middle, and high-school 
                      teacher professional development and access to 
                      resources, materials, lesson plans, modules, and 
                      curricula;
                          (iii) career pivot and skills training 
                      opportunities, including professional certificates 
                      and internships; and
                          (iv) higher education curricula, laboratory 
                      experiences in academia, the Federal Government, 
                      and industry settings, and cross-discipline degree 
                      programs aligned with workforce needs; and
                    (D) <<NOTE: Recommenda- tions.>>  make 
                recommendations for developing a diverse, flexible, and 
                sustainable quantum information science workforce that 
                meets the evolving needs of academia, the Federal 
                Government, and industry.
            (2) Report.--Not later than two years after the date of the 
        enactment of this Act, the National Academies of Science, 
        Engineering, and Medicine shall submit to Congress and the 
        Director a report containing the results of the study conducted 
        pursuant to paragraph (1).

    (e) Incorporating QISE Into STEM Curriculum.--
            (1) In general.--Section 301 of the National Quantum 
        Initiative Act (15 U.S.C. 8841) is amended by adding the 
        following at the end:

    ``(d) Incorporating QISE Into STEM Curriculum.--

[[Page 136 STAT. 1686]]

            ``(1) In general.--The Director of the National Science 
        Foundation shall, through programs carried out or supported by 
        the National Science Foundation, seek to increase the 
        integration of quantum information science and engineering 
        (referred to in this subsection as `QISE') into the STEM 
        curriculum at all education levels, including community 
        colleges, as considered appropriate by the Director.
            ``(2) Curriculum integration.--The curriculum integration 
        under paragraph (1) may include the following:
                    ``(A) Methods to conceptualize QISE for elementary, 
                middle, and high school curricula.
                    ``(B) Methods for strengthening foundational 
                mathematics and science curricula.
                    ``(C) Methods for integrating students who are 
                underserved or historically underrepresented groups in 
                STEM.
                    ``(D) Age-appropriate materials that apply the 
                principles of quantum information science in STEM 
                fields.
                    ``(E) <<NOTE: Recommenda- tions.>>  Recommendations 
                for the standardization of key concepts, definitions, 
                and curriculum criteria across government, academia, and 
                industry.
                    ``(F) <<NOTE: Evaluation. Recommenda- 
                tions. Strategies.>> Materials that specifically address 
                the findings and outcomes of the study to evaluate and 
                make recommendations for the quantum information science 
                workforce pursuant to subsection (d) of section 10661 of 
                the Research and Development, Competition, and 
                Innovation Act and strategies to account for the skills 
                and workforce needs identified through such study.
            ``(3) <<NOTE: Consultation.>> Coordination.--In carrying out 
        this subsection, the Director shall coordinate with relevant 
        Federal agencies, and consult with nongovernmental entities with 
        expertise in QISE, as appropriate, which may include 
        institutions eligible to participate in the Established Program 
        to Stimulate Competitive Research (EPSCoR).
            ``(4) Definition.--In this subsection, the term `STEM' means 
        the academic and professional disciplines of science, 
        technology, engineering, and mathematics, including computer 
        science.''.

    (f) Quantum Education Pilot Program.--
            (1) <<NOTE: Deadline.>>  In general.--Not later than one 
        year after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Director, 
        building on the National Science Foundation's role in the 
        National Q-12 Education Partnership and programs such as Q2Work 
        Program, shall make awards to institutions of higher education, 
        non-profit organizations, or consortia thereof to carry out a 
        pilot program, to be known as the ``Next Generation Quantum 
        Leaders Pilot Program'' (in this subsection referred to as the 
        ``Program''), for the education and training of the next 
        generation of students and teachers in the fundamental 
        principles of quantum mechanics.
            (2) Requirements.--
                    (A) In general.--In carrying out the Program, the 
                Director shall--
                          (i) encourage awardees to coordinate with 
                      educational service agencies (as such term 
                      ``educational service agency'' is defined in 
                      section 602(5) of the Individuals with 
                      Disabilities Education Improvement

[[Page 136 STAT. 1687]]

                      Act of 2004 (20 U.S.C. 1401(5))), associations 
                      that support STEM educators or local educational 
                      agencies, and partnerships through the Q-12 
                      Education Partnership, to encourage elementary 
                      schools, middle schools, and secondary schools, 
                      and State educational agencies to participate in 
                      the Program;
                          (ii) require that awardees partner with 
                      elementary schools, middle schools, or secondary 
                      schools, or consortia thereof, and State 
                      educational agencies, to carry out activities 
                      under the Program;
                    (B) Use of funds.--In carrying out the Program, the 
                Director shall make competitive, merit-reviewed awards 
                to--
                          (i) support testing, evaluation, 
                      dissemination, and implementation of age-
                      appropriate quantum information sciences curricula 
                      and resources, including the integration of 
                      quantum information science and engineering into 
                      the STEM curriculum pursuant to subsection (d) of 
                      section 301 of the National Quantum Initiative Act 
                      (15 U.S.C. 8841), as added by subsection (e);
                          (ii) support opportunities for informal 
                      education on quantum concepts, including informal 
                      hands-on learning opportunities;
                          (iii) support opportunities for students to 
                      further explore quantum information science 
                      education and related careers;
                          (iv) develop and implement training, research, 
                      and professional development programs for 
                      teachers, including innovative pre-service and in-
                      service programs, in quantum information science 
                      and related fields; and
                          (v) carry out such other activities as the 
                      Director determines appropriate.
                    (C) Distribution.--In carrying out the Program and 
                to the extent practicable, the Director shall ensure 
                there is a wide, equitable distribution of Program 
                participants across diverse geographic areas and that 
                the Program includes a diverse representation of 
                students, including students from groups historically 
                underrepresented in STEM.
            (3) Consultation.--The Director shall carry out the Program 
        in consultation with the QIS Workforce Working Group of the 
        Subcommittee on Quantum Information Science of the National 
        Science and Technology Council and the Advancing Informal STEM 
        Learning Program.
            (4) Reporting.--Not later than four years after the date of 
        the enactment of this section, the Director shall submit to 
        Congress a report that includes the following:
                    (A) <<NOTE: Assessment.>> An assessment, that 
                includes feedback from a wide range of stakeholders in 
                academia, K-12 education, and the private sector, of the 
                effectiveness of the Program in scaling up 
                implementation of effective quantum education and 
                training innovations.

[[Page 136 STAT. 1688]]

                    (B) <<NOTE: Determination. Plan.>>  If determined to 
                be effective, a plan for integrating the Program into 
                existing programs, including the feasibility and 
                advisability of expanding the scope of the Program to 
                include additional technology areas, grade levels, and 
                educational institutions beyond those originally 
                selected to participate in the Program.
            (5) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  Authorization of 
        appropriations.--There are authorized to be appropriated to the 
        Director $8,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2023 through 2026 
        to carry out this section.
            (6) Termination.--This subsection shall terminate on the 
        date that is four years after the date of the enactment of this 
        Act.

                    Subtitle H--Blockchain Specialist

SEC. 10671. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19271.>>  ESTABLISHMENT OF BLOCKCHAIN 
                            AND CRYPTOCURRENCY SPECIALIST POSITION 
                            WITHIN OSTP.

    The Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy shall 
establish or designate a blockchain and cryptocurrencies advisory 
specialist position within the Office to coordinate Federal activities 
and advise the President on matters of research and development relating 
to blockchain, cryptocurrencies, and distributed ledger technologies.

       Subtitle I--Partnerships for Energy Security and Innovation

SEC. 10691. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19281.>>  FOUNDATION FOR ENERGY 
                            SECURITY AND INNOVATION.

    (a) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Board.--The term ``Board'' means the Board of Directors 
        described in subsection (b)(2)(A).
            (2) Department.--The term ``Department'' means the 
        Department of Energy.
            (3) Executive director.--The term ``Executive Director'' 
        means the Executive Director described in subsection (b)(5)(A).
            (4) Foundation.--The term ``Foundation'' means the 
        Foundation for Energy Security and Innovation established under 
        subsection (b)(1).
            (5) Historically black college or university.--The term 
        ``historically Black college or university'' has the meaning 
        given the term ``part B institution'' in section 322 of the 
        Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1061).
            (6) Individual laboratory-associated foundation.--The term 
        ``Individual Laboratory-Associated Foundation'' means a 
        Laboratory Foundation established by an operating contractor of 
        a National Laboratory.
            (7) Minority-serving institution.--The term ``minority 
        serving institution'' means a Hispanic-serving institution as 
        defined in section 502 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 
        U.S.C. 1101a), an Alaska Native-serving institution and a Native 
        Hawaiian-serving institution as defined in section in 317 of the 
        Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1059d), or a 
        Predominantly Black Institution, Asian American and Native 
        American Pacific Islander-serving institution, or a Native 
        American-serving nontribal institution as defined in

[[Page 136 STAT. 1689]]

        section 371 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 
        1067q).
            (8) National laboratory.--The term ``National Laboratory'' 
        has the meaning given the term in section 2 of the Energy Policy 
        Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 15801).
            (9) Secretary.--The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary 
        of Energy.
            (10) Tribal college or university.--The term ``Tribal 
        College or University'' has the meaning given in section 316 of 
        the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1059c).

    (b) Foundation for Energy Security and Innovation.--
            (1) Establishment.--
                    (A) <<NOTE: Deadline.>> In general.--Not later than 
                180 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the 
                Secretary shall establish a nonprofit corporation to be 
                known as the ``Foundation for Energy Security and 
                Innovation''.
                    (B) Mission.--The mission of the Foundation shall 
                be--
                          (i) to support the mission of the Department; 
                      and
                          (ii) to advance collaboration with energy 
                      researchers, institutions of higher education, 
                      industry, and nonprofit and philanthropic 
                      organizations to accelerate the commercialization 
                      of energy technologies.
                    (C) Limitation.--The Foundation shall not be an 
                agency or instrumentality of the Federal Government.
                    (D) Tax-exempt status.--The Board shall take all 
                necessary and appropriate steps to ensure that the 
                Foundation is an organization that is described in 
                section 501(c) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 and 
                exempt from taxation under section 501(a) of that Code.
                    (E) Collaboration with existing organizations.--The 
                Secretary may collaborate with 1 or more organizations 
                to establish the Foundation and carry out the activities 
                of the Foundation.
            (2) Board of directors.--
                    (A) Establishment.--The Foundation shall be governed 
                by a Board of Directors.
                    (B) Composition.--
                          (i) In general.--The Board shall be composed 
                      of the ex officio nonvoting members described in 
                      clause (ii) and the appointed voting members 
                      described in clause (iii).
                          (ii) Ex officio members.--The ex officio 
                      members of the Board shall be the following 
                      individuals or designees of those individuals:
                                    (I) The Secretary.
                                    (II) The Under Secretary for 
                                Science.
                                    (III) The Under Secretary for 
                                Nuclear Security.
                                    (IV) The Chief Commercialization 
                                Officer.
                          (iii) Appointed members.--
                                    (I) Initial members.--The Secretary 
                                and the other ex officio members of the 
                                Board shall--
                                            
                                        (aa) <<NOTE: Contracts. List.>>  
                                        seek to enter into an agreement 
                                        with the National Academies of 
                                        Sciences, Engineering, and 
                                        Medicine to develop a list of 
                                        individuals to serve as members 
                                        of the Board who are well-
                                        qualified and will meet

[[Page 136 STAT. 1690]]

                                        the requirements of subclauses 
                                        (II) and (III); and
                                            
                                        (bb) <<NOTE: Consultation.>> appo
                                        int the initial members of the 
                                        Board from that list, if 
                                        applicable, in consultation with 
                                        the National Academies of 
                                        Sciences, Engineering, and 
                                        Medicine.
                                    (II) Representation.--The appointed 
                                members of the Board shall reflect a 
                                broad cross-section of stakeholders from 
                                academia, National Laboratories, 
                                industry, nonprofit organizations, State 
                                or local governments, the investment 
                                community, and the philanthropic 
                                community.
                                    (III) Experience.--The Secretary 
                                shall ensure that a majority of the 
                                appointed members of the Board--
                                            (aa)(AA) has experience in 
                                        the energy sector;
                                            (BB) has research experience 
                                        in the energy field; or
                                            (CC) has experience in 
                                        technology commercialization or 
                                        foundation operations; and
                                            (bb) to the extent 
                                        practicable, represents diverse 
                                        regions, sectors, and 
                                        communities.
                    (C) Chair and vice chair.--
                          (i) <<NOTE: Designations.>> In general.--The 
                      Board shall designate from among the members of 
                      the Board--
                                    (I) an individual to serve as Chair 
                                of the Board; and
                                    (II) an individual to serve as Vice 
                                Chair of the Board.
                          (ii) Terms.--The term of service of the Chair 
                      and Vice Chair of the Board shall end on the 
                      earlier of--
                                    (I) the date that is 3 years after 
                                the date on which the Chair or Vice 
                                Chair of the Board, as applicable, is 
                                designated for the position; and
                                    (II) the last day of the term of 
                                service of the member, as determined 
                                under subparagraph (D)(i), who is 
                                designated to be Chair or Vice Chair of 
                                the Board, as applicable.
                          (iii) Representation.--The Chair and Vice 
                      Chair of the Board--
                                    (I) shall not be representatives of 
                                the same area of subject matter 
                                expertise, or entity, as applicable, 
                                under subparagraph (B)(iii)(II); and
                                    (II) shall not be representatives of 
                                any area of subject matter expertise, or 
                                entity, as applicable, represented by 
                                the immediately preceding Chair and Vice 
                                Chair of the Board.
                    (D) Terms and vacancies.--
                          (i) Terms.--
                                    (I) In general.--The term of service 
                                of each appointed member of the Board 
                                shall be not more than 5 years.
                                    
                                (II) <<NOTE: Determination.>> Initial 
                                appointed members.--Of the initial 
                                members of the Board appointed under 
                                subparagraph (B)(iii)(I), half of the 
                                members shall

[[Page 136 STAT. 1691]]

                                serve for 4 years and half of the 
                                members shall serve for 5 years, as 
                                determined by the Chair of the Board.
                          (ii) Vacancies.--Any vacancy in the membership 
                      of the appointed members of the Board--
                                    (I) shall be filled in accordance 
                                with the bylaws of the Foundation by an 
                                individual capable of representing the 
                                same area or entity, as applicable, as 
                                represented by the vacating board member 
                                under subparagraph (B)(iii)(II);
                                    (II) shall not affect the power of 
                                the remaining appointed members to 
                                execute the duties of the Board; and
                                    (III) shall be filled by an 
                                individual selected by the Board.
                    (E) Meetings; quorum.--
                          (i) <<NOTE: Deadline.>>  Initial meeting.--Not 
                      later than 60 days after the Board is established, 
                      the Secretary shall convene a meeting of the ex 
                      officio and appointed members of the Board to 
                      incorporate the Foundation.
                          (ii) Quorum.--A majority of the appointed 
                      members of the Board shall constitute a quorum for 
                      purposes of conducting the business of the Board.
                    (F) Duties.--The Board shall--
                          (i) establish bylaws for the Foundation in 
                      accordance with subparagraph (G);
                          (ii) provide overall direction for the 
                      activities of the Foundation and establish 
                      priority activities;
                          (iii) carry out any other necessary activities 
                      of the Foundation;
                          (iv) evaluate the performance of the Executive 
                      Director; and
                          (v) actively solicit and accept funds, gifts, 
                      grants, devises, or bequests of real or personal 
                      property to the Foundation, including from private 
                      entities.
                    (G) Bylaws.--
                          (i) In general.--The bylaws established under 
                      subparagraph (F)(i) may include--
                                    (I) policies for the selection of 
                                Board members, officers, employees, 
                                agents, and contractors of the 
                                Foundation;
                                    (II) policies, including ethical 
                                standards, for--
                                            (aa) the acceptance, 
                                        solicitation, and disposition of 
                                        donations and grants to the 
                                        Foundation, including 
                                        appropriate limits on the 
                                        ability of donors to designate, 
                                        by stipulation or restriction, 
                                        the use or recipient of donated 
                                        funds; and
                                            (bb) the disposition of 
                                        assets of the Foundation;
                                    (III) policies that subject all 
                                employees, fellows, trainees, and other 
                                agents of the Foundation (including ex 
                                officio and appointed members of the 
                                Board) to conflict of interest 
                                standards; and
                                    (IV) the specific duties of the 
                                Executive Director.

[[Page 136 STAT. 1692]]

                          (ii) Requirements.--The Board shall ensure 
                      that the bylaws of the Foundation and the 
                      activities carried out under those bylaws shall 
                      not--
                                    (I) reflect unfavorably on the 
                                ability of the Foundation to carry out 
                                activities in a fair and objective 
                                manner; or
                                    (II) compromise, or appear to 
                                compromise, the integrity of any 
                                governmental agency or program, or any 
                                officer or employee employed by, or 
                                involved in, a governmental agency or 
                                program.
                    (H) Compensation.--
                          (i) In general.--No member of the Board shall 
                      receive compensation for serving on the Board.
                          (ii) Certain expenses.--In accordance with the 
                      bylaws of the Foundation, members of the Board may 
                      be reimbursed for travel expenses, including per 
                      diem in lieu of subsistence, and other necessary 
                      expenses incurred in carrying out the duties of 
                      the Board.
                    (I) Restriction on membership.--No employee of the 
                Department shall be appointed as a member of the Board 
                of Directors.
            (3) Purposes.--The purposes of the Foundation are--
                    (A) to support the Department in carrying out the 
                mission of the Department to ensure the security and 
                prosperity of the United States by addressing energy and 
                environmental challenges through transformative science 
                and technology solutions; and
                    (B) to increase private and philanthropic sector 
                investments that support efforts to create, 
                characterize, develop, test, validate, and deploy or 
                commercialize innovative technologies that address 
                crosscutting national energy challenges, including those 
                affecting minority, rural, and other underserved 
                communities, by methods that include--
                          (i) fostering collaboration and partnerships 
                      with researchers from the Federal Government, 
                      State governments, institutions of higher 
                      education, including historically Black colleges 
                      or universities, Tribal Colleges or Universities, 
                      and minority-serving institutions, federally 
                      funded research and development centers, industry, 
                      and nonprofit organizations for the research, 
                      development, or commercialization of 
                      transformative energy and associated technologies;
                          (ii) strengthening and sharing best practices 
                      relating to regional economic development through 
                      scientific and energy innovation, including in 
                      partnership with an Individual Laboratory-
                      Associated Foundation;
                          (iii) promoting new product development that 
                      supports job creation;
                          (iv) administering prize competitions--
                                    (I) to accelerate private sector 
                                competition and investment; and
                                    (II) that complement the use of 
                                prize authority by the Department;
                          (v) supporting programs that advance 
                      technology maturation, especially where there may 
                      be gaps in Federal or private funding in advancing 
                      a technology

[[Page 136 STAT. 1693]]

                      to deployment or commercialization from the 
                      prototype stage to a commercial stage;
                          (vi) supporting efforts to broaden 
                      participation in energy technology development 
                      among individuals from historically 
                      underrepresented groups or regions; and
                          (vii) facilitating access to Department 
                      facilities, equipment, and expertise to assist in 
                      tackling national challenges.
            (4) Activities.--
                    (A) Studies, competitions, and projects.--The 
                Foundation may conduct and support studies, 
                competitions, projects, and other activities that 
                further the purposes of the Foundation described in 
                paragraph (3).
                    (B) Fellowships and grants.--
                          (i) In general.--The Foundation may award 
                      fellowships and grants for activities relating to 
                      research, development, demonstration, maturation, 
                      or commercialization of energy and other 
                      Department-supported technologies.
                          (ii) Form of award.--A fellowship or grant 
                      under clause (i) may consist of a stipend, health 
                      insurance benefits, funds for travel, and funds 
                      for other appropriate expenses.
                          (iii) Selection.--In selecting a recipient for 
                      a fellowship or grant under clause (i), the 
                      Foundation--
                                    (I) shall make the selection based 
                                on the technical and commercialization 
                                merits of the proposed project of the 
                                potential recipient; and
                                    (II) may consult with a potential 
                                recipient regarding the ability of the 
                                potential recipient to carry out various 
                                projects that would further the purposes 
                                of the Foundation described in paragraph 
                                (3).
                          (iv) National laboratories.--A National 
                      Laboratory that applies for or accepts an award 
                      under clause (i) shall not be considered to be 
                      engaging in a competitive process.
                    (C) Accessing facilities and expertise.--The 
                Foundation may work with the Department--
                          (i) to leverage the capabilities and 
                      facilities of National Laboratories to 
                      commercialize technology; and
                          (ii) to assist with resources, including by 
                      providing information on the assets of each 
                      National Laboratory that may enable the deployment 
                      and commercialization of technology.
                    (D) Training and education.--The Foundation may 
                support programs that provide training to researchers, 
                scientists, other relevant personnel at National 
                Laboratories and institutions of higher education, and 
                previous or current recipients of or applicants for 
                Department funding to help research, develop, 
                demonstrate, deploy, and commercialize federally funded 
                technology.
                    (E) Maturation funding.--The Foundation shall 
                support programs that provide maturation funding to 
                researchers to advance the technology of those 
                researchers for the purpose of moving products from a 
                prototype stage to a commercial stage.

[[Page 136 STAT. 1694]]

                    (F) Stakeholder engagement.--The Foundation shall 
                convene, and may consult with, representatives from the 
                Department, institutions of higher education, National 
                Laboratories, the private sector, and commercialization 
                organizations to develop programs for the purposes of 
                the Foundation described in paragraph (3) and to advance 
                the activities of the Foundation.
                    (G) Individual and federal laboratory-associated 
                foundations.--
                          (i) Definition of covered foundation.--In this 
                      subparagraph, the term ``covered foundation'' 
                      means each of the following:
                                    (I) An Individual Laboratory- 
                                Associated Foundation.
                                    (II) A Federal Laboratory- 
                                Associated Foundation established 
                                pursuant to subsection (c)(1).
                          (ii) Support.--The Foundation shall provide 
                      support to and collaborate with covered 
                      foundations.
                          (iii) Guidelines and templates.--For the 
                      purpose of providing support under clause (ii), 
                      the Secretary shall establish suggested guidelines 
                      and templates for covered foundations, including--
                                    (I) a standard adaptable 
                                organizational design for responsible 
                                management;
                                    (II) standard and legally tenable 
                                bylaws and money-handling procedures; 
                                and
                                    (III) a standard training curriculum 
                                to orient and expand the operating 
                                expertise of personnel employed by 
                                covered foundations.
                          (iv) Affiliations.--Nothing in this 
                      subparagraph requires--
                                    (I) an existing Individual 
                                Laboratory-Associated Foundation to 
                                modify current practices or affiliate 
                                with the Foundation; or
                                    (II) a covered foundation to be 
                                bound by charter or corporate bylaws as 
                                permanently affiliated with the 
                                Foundation.
                    (H) Supplemental programs.--The Foundation may carry 
                out supplemental programs--
                          (i) to conduct and support forums, meetings, 
                      conferences, courses, and training workshops 
                      consistent with the purposes of the Foundation 
                      described in paragraph (3);
                          (ii) to support and encourage the 
                      understanding and development of data that 
                      promotes the translation of technologies from the 
                      research stage, through the development and 
                      maturation stage, and ending in the market stage;
                          (iii) for writing, editing, printing, 
                      publishing, and vending books and other materials 
                      relating to research carried out under the 
                      Foundation and the Department; and
                          (iv) to conduct other activities to carry out 
                      and support the purposes of the Foundation 
                      described in paragraph (3).
                    (I) Evaluations.--The Foundation shall support the 
                development of an evaluation methodology, to be used as

[[Page 136 STAT. 1695]]

                part of any program supported by the Foundation, that 
                shall--
                          (i) consist of qualitative and quantitative 
                      metrics; and
                          (ii) include periodic third party evaluation 
                      of those programs and other activities of the 
                      Foundation.
                    (J) Communications.--The Foundation shall develop an 
                expertise in communications to promote the work of grant 
                and fellowship recipients under subparagraph (B), the 
                commercialization successes of the Foundation, 
                opportunities for partnership with the Foundation, and 
                other activities.
                    (K) Solicitation and use of funds.--The Foundation 
                may solicit and accept gifts, grants, and other 
                donations, establish accounts, and invest and expend 
                funds in support of the activities and programs of the 
                Foundation.
                    (L) Authority of the foundation.--The Foundation 
                shall be the sole entity responsible for carrying out 
                the activities described in this paragraph.
            (5) Administration.--
                    (A) Executive director.--The Board shall hire an 
                Executive Director of the Foundation, who shall serve at 
                the pleasure of the Board. Subject to the compliance 
                with the policies and bylaws established pursuant to 
                paragraph (2)(G), the Executive Director shall be 
                responsible for the daily operations of the Foundation 
                in carrying the activities described in paragraph (4).
                    (B) Compensation.--The rate of compensation of the 
                Executive Director shall be fixed by the Board.
                    (C) Administrative control.--No member of the Board, 
                officer or employee of the Foundation or of any program 
                established by the Foundation, or participant in a 
                program established by the Foundation, shall exercise 
                administrative control over any Federal employee.
                    (D) <<NOTE: Deadline.>> Strategic plan.--Not later 
                than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the 
                Foundation shall submit to the Committee on Energy and 
                Natural Resources of the Senate and the Committee on 
                Science, Space, and Technology of the House of 
                Representatives a strategic plan that contains--
                          (i) <<NOTE: Time period.>> a plan for the 
                      Foundation to become financially self-sustaining 
                      in fiscal year 2023 and thereafter (except for the 
                      amounts provided each fiscal year under paragraph 
                      (11)(A)(iii));
                          (ii) a forecast of major crosscutting energy 
                      challenge opportunities, including short- and 
                      long-term objectives, identified by the Board, 
                      with input from communities representing the 
                      entities and areas of subject matter expertise, as 
                      applicable, described in paragraph 
                      (2)(B)(iii)(II);
                          (iii) a description of the efforts that the 
                      Foundation will take to be transparent in the 
                      processes of the Foundation, including processes 
                      relating to--
                                    (I) grant awards, including 
                                selection, review, and notification;
                                    (II) communication of past, current, 
                                and future research priorities; and

[[Page 136 STAT. 1696]]

                                    (III) solicitation of and response 
                                to public input on the opportunities 
                                identified under clause (ii);
                          (iv) a description of the financial goals and 
                      benchmarks of the Foundation for the following 10 
                      years;
                          (v) a description of the efforts undertaken by 
                      the Foundation to engage historically 
                      underrepresented groups or regions, including 
                      through collaborations with historically Black 
                      colleges and universities, Tribal Colleges or 
                      Universities, minority-serving institutions, and 
                      minority-owned and women-owned business, and;
                          (vi) a description of the efforts undertaken 
                      by the Foundation to ensure maximum 
                      complementarity and minimum redundancy with 
                      investments made by the Department.
                    (E) Annual report.--Not later than 1 year after the 
                date on which the Foundation is established, and every 
                years thereafter, the Foundation shall submit to the 
                Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate, 
                the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the 
                House of Representatives, and the Secretary a report 
                that, for the year covered by the report--
                          (i) describes the activities of the Foundation 
                      and the progress of the Foundation in furthering 
                      the purposes of the Foundation described in 
                      paragraph (3);
                          (ii) provides a specific accounting of the 
                      source and use of all funds made available to the 
                      Foundation to carry out those activities to ensure 
                      transparency in the alignment of Department 
                      missions and policies with national security;
                          (iii) describes how the results of the 
                      activities of the Foundation could be incorporated 
                      into the procurement processes of the General 
                      Services Administration; and
                          (iv) <<NOTE: Summary.>>  includes a summary of 
                      each evaluation conducted using the evaluation 
                      methodology described in paragraph (4)(I).
                    (F) <<NOTE: Deadline.>>  Evaluation by comptroller 
                general.--Not later than 5 years after the date on which 
                the Foundation is established, the Comptroller General 
                of the United States shall submit to the Committee on 
                Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate and the 
                Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House 
                of Representatives--
                          (i) an evaluation of--
                                    (I) the extent to which the 
                                Foundation is achieving the mission of 
                                the Foundation; and
                                    (II) the operation of the 
                                Foundation; and
                          (ii) <<NOTE: Recommenda- tions.>>  any 
                      recommendations on how the Foundation may be 
                      improved.
                    (G) Audits.--The Foundation shall--
                          (i) provide for annual audits of the financial 
                      condition of the Foundation; and
                          (ii) make the audits, and all other records, 
                      documents, and papers of the Foundation, available 
                      to the Secretary and the Comptroller General of 
                      the United States for examination or audit.
                    (H) Separate fund accounts.--The Board shall ensure 
                that any funds received under paragraph (11)(A)

[[Page 136 STAT. 1697]]

                are held in a separate account from any other funds 
                received by the Foundation.
                    (I) Integrity.--
                          (i) <<NOTE: Procedures.>> In general.--To 
                      ensure integrity in the operations of the 
                      Foundation, the Board shall develop and enforce 
                      procedures relating to standards of conduct, 
                      financial disclosure statements, conflicts of 
                      interest (including recusal and waiver rules), 
                      audits, and any other matters determined 
                      appropriate by the Board.
                          (ii) Financial conflicts of interest.--To 
                      mitigate conflicts of interest and risks from 
                      malign foreign influence, any individual who is an 
                      officer, employee, or member of the Board is 
                      prohibited from any participation in deliberations 
                      by the Foundation of a matter that would directly 
                      or predictably affect any financial interest of--
                                    (I) the individual;
                                    (II) a relative (as defined in 
                                section 109 of the Ethics in Government 
                                Act of 1978 (5 U.S.C. App.)) of that 
                                individual; or
                                    (III) a business organization or 
                                other entity in which the individual has 
                                an interest, including an organization 
                                or other entity with which the 
                                individual is negotiating employment.
                    (J) <<NOTE: Standards.>> Intellectual property.--The 
                Board shall adopt written standards to govern the 
                ownership and licensing of any intellectual property 
                rights developed by the Foundation or derived from the 
                collaborative efforts of the Foundation.
                    (K) Liability.--
                          (i) In general.--The United States shall not 
                      be liable for any debts, defaults, acts, or 
                      omissions of--
                                    (I) the Foundation;
                                    (II) a Federal entity with respect 
                                to an agreement of that Federal entity 
                                with the Foundation; or
                                    (III) an Individual Laboratory- 
                                Associated Foundation with respect to an 
                                agreement of that Federal entity with 
                                the Foundation.
                          (ii) Full faith and credit.--The full faith 
                      and credit of the United States shall not extend 
                      to any obligations of the Foundation.
                    (L) Nonapplicability of faca.--The Federal Advisory 
                Committee Act (5 U.S.C. App.) shall not apply to the 
                Foundation or an Individual Laboratory-Associated 
                Foundation.
            (6) Department collaboration.--
                    (A) <<NOTE: Coordination.>>  National 
                laboratories.--The Secretary shall collaborate with the 
                Foundation to develop a process to ensure collaboration 
                and coordination between the Department, the Foundation, 
                and National Laboratories--
                          (i) to streamline contracting processes 
                      between National Laboratories and the Foundation, 
                      including by--
                                    (I) streamlining the ability of the 
                                Foundation to transfer equipment and 
                                funds to National Laboratories;

[[Page 136 STAT. 1698]]

                                    (II) standardizing contract 
                                mechanisms to be used by the Foundation 
                                in engaging with National Laboratories; 
                                and
                                    (III) streamlining the ability of 
                                the Foundation to fund endowed positions 
                                at National Laboratories;
                          (ii) to allow a National Laboratory or site of 
                      a National Laboratory--
                                    (I) to accept and perform work for 
                                the Foundation, consistent with provided 
                                resources, notwithstanding any other 
                                provision of law governing the 
                                administration, mission, use, or 
                                operations of the National Laboratory or 
                                site, as applicable; and
                                    (II) to perform that work on a basis 
                                equal to other missions at the National 
                                Laboratory; and
                          (iii) to permit the director of any National 
                      Laboratory or site of a National Laboratory to 
                      enter into a cooperative research and development 
                      agreement or negotiate a licensing agreement with 
                      the Foundation pursuant to section 12 of the 
                      Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980 
                      (15 U.S.C. 3710a).
                    (B) <<NOTE: Appointment. Coordination.>> Department 
                liaisons.--The Secretary shall appoint liaisons from 
                across the Department to collaborate and coordinate with 
                the Foundation, including not less than 1 liaison from 
                the Office of Technology Transitions, who shall ensure 
                that the Foundation works in conjunction with and does 
                not duplicate existing activities and programs carried 
                out by the Department, including the Technology 
                Commercialization Fund of the Department.
                    (C) Administration.--The Secretary shall leverage 
                appropriate arrangements, contracts, and directives to 
                carry out the process developed under subparagraph (A).
            (7) National security.--Nothing in this subsection exempts 
        the Foundation from any national security policy of the 
        Department.
            (8) <<NOTE: Determination.>> Support services.--The 
        Secretary may provide facilities, utilities, and support 
        services to the Foundation if it is determined by the Secretary 
        to be advantageous to the research programs of the Department.
            (9) Preemption of authority.--This subsection shall not 
        preempt any authority or responsibility of the Secretary under 
        any other provision of law.
            (10) Transfer funds.--The Foundation may transfer funds to 
        the Department, which shall be subject to all applicable Federal 
        limitations relating to federally funded research.
            (11) <<NOTE: Time periods.>>  Authorization of 
        appropriations.--
                    (A) In general.--There is authorized to be 
                appropriated--
                          (i) not less than $1,500,000 shall be for the 
                      Secretary for fiscal year 2023 to establish the 
                      Foundation;
                          (ii) not less than $30,000,000 shall be for 
                      the Foundation for fiscal year 2024 to carry out 
                      the activities of the Foundation; and
                          (iii) not less than $3,000,000 shall be for 
                      the Foundation for each of the fiscal years 2025 
                      through 2027 for administrative and operational 
                      costs.

[[Page 136 STAT. 1699]]

                    (B) Limitation.--None of the funds authorized to be 
                appropriated to the Secretary by subparagraph (A)(i) of 
                this paragraph shall be used for construction.
                    (C) Cost share.--Funds made available under 
                subparagraph (A)(ii) shall be required to be cost- 
                shared by a partner of the Foundation other than the 
                Department or a National Laboratory.

    (c) National Energy Technology Laboratory-associated Foundation.--
            (1) Establishment.--
                    (A) <<NOTE: Contracts.>> In general.--The National 
                Energy Technology Laboratory may establish, or enter 
                into an agreement with a nonprofit organization to 
                establish, a Federal Laboratory-Associated Foundation 
                (referred to in this subsection as a ``Laboratory 
                Foundation'') to support the mission of the National 
                Energy Technology Laboratory.
                    (B) Not agency or instrumentality.--A Laboratory 
                Foundation shall not be an agency or instrumentality of 
                the Federal Government.
                    (C) Governance structure.--A Laboratory Foundation 
                established under subparagraph (A) shall have a separate 
                governance structure from, and shall be managed 
                independently of, the National Energy Technology 
                Laboratory.
            (2) Activities.--Activities of a Laboratory Foundation may 
        include--
                    (A) conducting support studies, competitions, 
                projects, research, and other activities that further 
                the purpose of the Laboratory Foundation;
                    (B) carrying out programs to foster collaboration 
                and partnership among researchers from the Federal 
                Government, State governments, institutions of higher 
                education, federally funded research and development 
                centers, and industry and nonprofit organizations 
                relating to the research, development, and 
                commercialization of federally supported technologies;
                    (C) carrying out programs to leverage technologies 
                to support new product development that supports 
                regional economic development;
                    (D) administering prize competitions--
                          (i) to accelerate private sector competition 
                      and investment; and
                          (ii) that complement the use of prize 
                      authority by the Department;
                    (E) providing fellowships and grants to research and 
                development personnel at, or affiliated with, federally 
                funded centers, in accordance with paragraph (3);
                    (F) carrying out programs--
                          (i) that allow scientists from foreign 
                      countries to serve in research capacities in the 
                      United States or other countries in association 
                      with the National Energy Technology Laboratory;
                          (ii) that provide opportunities for employees 
                      of the National Energy Technology Laboratory to 
                      serve in research capacities in foreign countries;
                          (iii) to conduct studies, projects, or 
                      research in collaboration with national and 
                      international nonprofit

[[Page 136 STAT. 1700]]

                      and for-profit organizations, which may include 
                      the provision of stipends, travel, and other 
                      support for personnel;
                          (iv)(I) to hold forums, meetings, conferences, 
                      courses, and training workshops that may include 
                      undergraduate, graduate, post- graduate, and post-
                      doctoral accredited courses; and
                          (II) for the accreditation of those courses by 
                      the Laboratory Foundation at the State and 
                      national level for college degrees or continuing 
                      education credits;
                          (v) to support and encourage teachers and 
                      students of science at all levels of education;
                          (vi) to promote an understanding of science 
                      amongst the general public;
                          (vii) for writing, editing, printing, 
                      publishing, and vending of relevant books and 
                      other materials; and
                          (viii) for the conduct of other activities to 
                      carry out and support the purpose of the 
                      Laboratory Foundation; and
                    (G) receiving, administering, soliciting, accepting, 
                and using funds, gifts, devises, or bequests, either 
                absolutely or in trust of real or personal property or 
                any income therefrom, or other interest or equity 
                therein for the benefit of, or in connection with, the 
                mission of the applicable Federal laboratory, in 
                accordance with paragraph (4).
            (3) Fellowships and grants.--
                    (A) Selection.--Recipients of fellowships and grants 
                described in paragraph (2)(E) shall be selected--
                          (i) by a Laboratory Foundation and the donors 
                      to a Laboratory Foundation;
                          (ii) subject to the agreement of the head of 
                      the agency the mission of which is supported by a 
                      Laboratory Foundation; and
                          (iii) in the case of a fellowship, based on 
                      the recommendation of the employees of the 
                      National Energy Technology Laboratory at which the 
                      fellow would serve.
                    (B) Expenses.--Fellowships and grants described in 
                paragraph (2)(E) may include stipends, travel, health 
                insurance, benefits, and other appropriate expenses.
            (4) Gifts.--An amount of funds, a gift, a devise, or a 
        bequest described in paragraph (2)(G) may be accepted by a 
        Laboratory Foundation regardless of whether it is encumbered, 
        restricted, or subject to a beneficial interest of a private 
        person if any current or future interest of the funds, gift, 
        devise, or bequest is for the benefit of the research and 
        development activities of the National Energy Technology 
        Laboratory.
            (5) Ownership by federal government.--A contribution, gift, 
        or any other transfer made to or for the use of a Laboratory 
        Foundation shall be regarded as a contribution, gift, or 
        transfer to or for the use of the Federal Government.
            (6) Liability.--The United States shall not be liable for 
        any debts, defaults, acts, or omissions of a Laboratory 
        Foundation.
            (7) Transfer of funds.--Notwithstanding any other provision 
        of law, a Laboratory Foundation may transfer funds to the 
        National Energy Technology Laboratory and the National

[[Page 136 STAT. 1701]]

        Energy Technology Laboratory may accept that transfer of funds.
            (8) Other laws.--This subsection shall not alter or 
        supersede any other provision of law governing the authority, 
        scope, establishment, or use of nonprofit organizations by a 
        Federal agency.

               Subtitle J--Energizing Technology Transfer

SEC. 10701. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19291.>> DEFINITIONS.

    In this subtitle:
            (1) Clean energy technology.--The term ``clean energy 
        technology'' means a technology that significantly reduces 
        energy use, increases energy efficiency, reduces greenhouse gas 
        emissions, reduces emissions of other pollutants, or mitigates 
        other negative environmental consequences of energy production, 
        transmission or use.
            (2) Department.--The term ``Department'' means the 
        Department of Energy.
            (3) Director.--The term ``Director'' means the Director of 
        each National Laboratory and the Director of each Department of 
        Energy single-purpose research facility.
            (4) Economically distressed area.--The term ``economically 
        distressed area'' has the meaning described in section 301(a) of 
        the Public Works and Economic Development Act of 1965 (42 U.S.C. 
        3161(a)).
            (5) Grant.--The term ``grant'' means a grant award, 
        cooperative agreement award, or any other financial assistance 
        arrangement that the Secretary of Energy determines to be 
        appropriate.
            (6) Institution of higher education.--The term ``institution 
        of higher education'' has the meaning given such term in section 
        101 of the Higher Education Act of 1965, as amended (20 U.S.C. 
        1001).
            (7) National laboratory.--The term ``National Laboratory'' 
        has the meaning given that term in section 2 of the Energy 
        Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 15801).
            (8) Secretary.--The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary 
        of Energy.

       PART 1--NATIONAL CLEAN ENERGY TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER PROGRAMS

SEC. 10713. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19301.>> NATIONAL CLEAN ENERGY 
                            INCUBATOR PROGRAM.

    (a) Clean Energy Incubator Defined.--In this section, the term 
``clean energy incubator''--
            (1) means any entity that is designed to accelerate the 
        commercial application of clean energy technologies by 
        providing--
                    (A) physical workspace, labs, and prototyping 
                facilities to support clean energy startups or 
                established clean energy companies; or
                    (B) companies developing such technologies with 
                support, resources, and services, including--

[[Page 136 STAT. 1702]]

                          (i) access to business education and 
                      counseling;
                          (ii) mentorship opportunities; and
                          (iii) other services rendered for the purpose 
                      of aiding the development and commercial 
                      application of a clean energy technology; and
            (2) may include a program within or established by a 
        National Laboratory, an institution of higher education or a 
        State, territorial, local, or tribal government.

    (b) <<NOTE: Deadline.>>  Program Establishment.--Not later than 180 
days after the enactment of this Act, the Secretary, acting through the 
Chief Commercialization Officer established in section 1001(a) of the 
Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16391(a)), shall establish a Clean 
Energy Incubator Program (herein referred to as the ``program'') to 
competitively award grants to clean energy incubators.

    (c) Clean Energy Incubator Selection.--In awarding grants to clean 
energy incubators under subsection (b), the Secretary shall, to the 
maximum extent practicable, prioritize funding clean energy incubators 
that--
            (1) partner with entities that carry out activities relevant 
        to the activities of such incubator and that operate at the 
        local, State, and regional levels;
            (2) support the commercial application activities of startup 
        companies focused on physical hardware, computational, or 
        integrated hardware and software technologies;
            (3) are located in geographically diverse regions of the 
        United States, such as the Great Lakes region;
            (4) are located in, or partner with entities located in, 
        economically-distressed areas;
            (5) support the development of entities focused on expanding 
        clean energy tools and technologies to rural, Tribal, and low-
        income communities;
            (6) support the commercial application of technologies being 
        developed by clean energy entrepreneurs from underrepresented 
        backgrounds; and
            (7) have a plan for sustaining activities of the incubator 
        after grant funds received under this program have been 
        expended.

    (d) Award Limits.--The Secretary shall not award more than 
$4,000,000 to one or more incubators in one given State, per fiscal 
year.
    (e) Duration.--Each grant under subsection (b) shall be for a period 
of no longer than 5 years, subject to the availability of 
appropriations.
    (f) Use of Funds.--An entity receiving a grant under this section 
may use grant amounts for operating expenses.
    (g) <<NOTE: Time period.>> Renewal.--An award made to a clean energy 
incubator under this section may be renewed for a period of not more 
than 3 years, subject to merit review.

    (h) <<NOTE: Analyses.>>  Evaluation.--In accordance with section 
9007 of division Z of the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021 (Public 
Law 116-260), the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Science, 
Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives and the Committee 
on Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate an evaluation of the 
program established under this section that includes analyses of the 
performance of the clean energy incubators.

[[Page 136 STAT. 1703]]

    (i) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  Authorization of Appropriations.--There 
are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out this 
section $15,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2023 through 2027.
SEC. 10714. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19302.>>  CLEAN ENERGY TECHNOLOGY 
                            UNIVERSITY PRIZE COMPETITION.

    (a) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Eligible entity.--The term ``eligible entity'' means a 
        nonprofit entity, an institution of higher education, or an 
        entity working with one or more institutions of higher 
        education.
            (2) Minority-serving institution.--The term ``minority-
        serving institution'' means an institution described in section 
        371(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1067q(a)).

    (b) In General.--The Secretary shall establish a program, known as 
the ``Clean Energy Technology University Prize'', to award funding for 
eligible entities to carry out regional and one national clean energy 
technology prize competitions, under section 24 of the Stevenson-Wydler 
Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 3719). In carrying out such 
prize competitions, students shall compete to develop a business model 
for furthering the commercial application of an innovative clean energy 
technology.
    (c) Training Funding.--In carrying out this program, the Secretary 
may provide funding to train participating students in skills needed for 
the successful commercial application of clean energy technologies, 
including through virtual training sessions.
    (d) Prioritization.--In awarding grants under this section, the 
Secretary shall prioritize awarding grants to eligible entities that 
work with students at minority-serving institutions.
    (e) Coordination.--In carrying out this program, the Secretary shall 
coordinate and partner with other clean energy technology prize 
competitions. In doing so, the Secretary may develop and disseminate 
best practices for administering prize competitions under this section.
    (f) Report.--In accordance with section 9007 of division Z of the 
Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021 (Public Law 116-260), the 
Secretary shall report annually on the progress and implementation of 
the program established under section (b).
    (g) Evaluation.--In accordance with section 9007 of division Z of 
the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021 (Public Law 116-260), the 
Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Science, Space, and 
Technology of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Energy 
and Natural Resources of the Senate an evaluation on the long-term 
outcomes of the program established under this section and the progress 
towards achieving the purposes of the program in subsection (b).
    (h) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  Authorization of Appropriations.--There 
are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the 
activities authorized in this section $1,000,000 for each of fiscal 
years 2023 through 2027.
SEC. 10715. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19303.>> CLEAN ENERGY TECHNOLOGY 
                            TRANSFER COORDINATION.

    (a) <<NOTE: Coordination.>>  In General.--The Secretary, acting 
through the Chief Commercialization Officer established in section 1001 
(a) of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16391 (a)), shall 
support the coordination of relevant technology transfer programs that 
advance the commercial application of clean energy technologies 
nationally and across all energy sectors. In particular, the Secretary 
may support activities to--

[[Page 136 STAT. 1704]]

            (1) facilitate the sharing of information on best practices 
        for successful operation of clean energy technology transfer 
        programs;
            (2) coordinate resources and improve cooperation among clean 
        energy technology transfer programs;
            (3) facilitate connections between entrepreneurs and start-
        up companies and the variety of programs related to clean energy 
        technology transfer under the Department; and
            (4) facilitate the development of metrics to measure the 
        impact of clean energy technology transfer programs on--
                    (A) advancing the development, demonstration, and 
                commercial application of clean energy technologies;
                    (B) increasing the competitiveness of United States 
                in the clean energy sector, including in manufacturing; 
                and
                    (C) commercial application of clean energy 
                technologies being developed by entrepreneurs from 
                under-represented backgrounds.

    (b) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  Authorization of Appropriations.--There 
are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the 
activities in this section $3,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2023 
through 2027.

 PART 2--SUPPORTING TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT AT THE NATIONAL LABORATORIES

SEC. 10716. LAB PARTNERING SERVICE PILOT PROGRAM.

     Section 9002 of division Z of the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 
2021 (Public Law 116-260) <<NOTE: 42 USC 16391 note.>>  is amended by 
adding at the end the following:

    ``(h) <<NOTE: Time periods.>> Authorization of Appropriations.--
There are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary $2,000,000 for 
each of fiscal years 2023 through 2025 to carry out subsections (a), 
(b), and (c), and $1,700,000 for each of fiscal years 2023 through 2025 
for National Laboratory employees to provide services under subsection 
(d).''.
SEC. 10717. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19311.>> LAB-EMBEDDED ENTREPRENEURSHIP 
                            PROGRAM.

    (a) <<NOTE: Grants.>> In General.--The Secretary shall competitively 
award grants to National Laboratories for the purpose of establishing or 
supporting Lab-Embedded Entrepreneurship Programs.

    (b) Purposes.--The purposes of such programs are to provide 
entrepreneurial fellows with access to National Laboratory research 
facilities, National Laboratory expertise, and mentorship to perform 
research and development and gain expertise that may be required or 
beneficial for the commercial application of research ideas.
    (c) Entrepreneurial Fellows.--An entrepreneurial fellow 
participating in a program described in subsection (a) shall be provided 
with--
            (1) opportunities for entrepreneurial training, professional 
        development, and exposure to leaders from academia, industry, 
        government, and finance who may serve as advisors to or partners 
        of the fellow;
            (2) financial and technical support for research, 
        development, and commercial application activities;

[[Page 136 STAT. 1705]]

            (3) fellowship awards to cover costs of living, health 
        insurance, and travel stipends for the duration of the 
        fellowship; and
            (4) any other resources determined appropriate by the 
        Secretary.

    (d) Program Activities.--Each National Laboratory that receives 
funding under this section shall support entrepreneurial fellows by 
providing--
            (1) access to facilities and expertise within the National 
        Laboratory;
            (2) engagement with external stakeholders; and
            (3) market and customer development opportunities.

    (e) Administration.--National Laboratories that receive grants under 
this section shall prioritize the support and success of the 
entrepreneurial fellow with regards to professional development and 
development of a relevant technology.
    (f) Partnerships.--In carrying out a Lab-Embedded Entrepreneurship 
Program, a National Laboratory may partner with an external entity, 
including--
            (1) a nonprofit organization;
            (2) an institution of higher education;
            (3) a federally-owned corporation; or
            (4) a consortium of 2 or more entities described in 
        paragraphs (1) through (3).

    (g) Metrics.--The Secretary shall support the development of short-
term and long-term metrics to assess the effectiveness of programs 
receiving a grant under subsection (a) in achieving the purposes of the 
program in subsection (a).
    (h) Evaluation.--In accordance with section 9007 of division Z of 
the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021 (Public Law 116-260), the 
Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Science, Space, and 
Technology of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Energy 
and Natural Resources of the Senate an evaluation of the effectiveness 
of the programs under subsection (a) based on the metrics developed 
pursuant to subsection (g).
    (i) Coordination.--The Secretary shall oversee the planning and 
coordination of grants under subsection (a) and shall identify and 
disseminate best practices for achieving the purposes of subsection (a) 
to National Laboratories that receive grants under this section.
    (j) Interagency Collaboration.--The Secretary shall collaborate with 
other executive branch agencies, including the Department of Defense and 
other agencies with Federal laboratories, regarding opportunities to 
partner with National Laboratories receiving a grant under subsection 
(a).
    (k) <<NOTE: Time periods.>> Authorization of Appropriations.--There 
are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the 
activities authorized in this section $25,000,000 for each of fiscal 
years 2023 through 2027.
SEC. 10718. SMALL BUSINESS VOUCHER PROGRAM.

    Section 1003 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16393) is 
amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)--
                    (A) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by 
                striking ``, and may require the Director of a single-
                purpose research

[[Page 136 STAT. 1706]]

                facility,'' and inserting ``(as defined in section 2) 
                and the Director of each single-purpose research 
                facility'';
                    (B) in paragraph (1)--
                          (i) by striking ``increase'' and inserting 
                      ``encourage''; and
                          (ii) by striking ``collaborative research,'' 
                      and inserting ``research, development, 
                      demonstration, and commercial application 
                      activities, including product development,'';
                    (C) in paragraph (2), by striking ``procurement and 
                collaborative research'' and inserting ``the activities 
                described in paragraph (1)'';
                    (D) in paragraph (3)--
                          (i) by inserting ``facilities,'' before 
                      ``training''; and
                          (ii) by striking ``procurement and 
                      collaborative research activities'' and inserting 
                      ``the activities described in paragraph (1)''; and
                    (E) in paragraph (5), by striking ``for the program 
                under subsection (b)'' and inserting ``and metrics for 
                the programs under subsections (b) and (c)'';
            (2) by redesignating subsections (c) and (d) as subsections 
        (d) and (e), respectively;
            (3) by inserting after subsection (b) the following:

    ``(c) Small Business Voucher Program.--
            ``(1) Definitions.--In this subsection:
                    ``(A) Director.--The term `Director' means--
                          ``(i) the Director of each National 
                      Laboratory; and
                          ``(ii) the Director of each single-purpose 
                      research facility.
                    ``(B) National laboratory.--The term `National 
                Laboratory' has the meaning given the term in section 2.
                    ``(C) Program.--The term `program' means the program 
                established under paragraph (2).
                    ``(D) Small business concern.--The term `small 
                business concern' has the meaning given such term in 
                section 3 of the Small Business Act (15 U.S.C. 632).
            ``(2) <<NOTE: Consultation.>>  Establishment.--The 
        Secretary, acting through the Chief Commercialization Officer 
        appointed under section 1001(a), and in consultation with the 
        Directors, shall establish a program to provide small business 
        concerns with vouchers under paragraph (3)--
                    ``(A) to achieve the goal described in subsection 
                (a)(1); and
                    ``(B) to improve the products, services, and 
                capabilities of small business concerns in the mission 
                space of the Department.
            ``(3) Vouchers.--Under the program, the Directors are 
        authorized to provide to small business concerns vouchers to be 
        used at National Laboratories and single-purpose research 
        facilities for--
                    ``(A) research, development, demonstration, 
                technology transfer, skills training and workforce 
                development, or commercial application activities; or
                    ``(B) any other activities that the applicable 
                Director determines appropriate.

[[Page 136 STAT. 1707]]

            ``(4) Expedited approval.--The Secretary, working with the 
        Directors, shall establish a stream-lined approval process for 
        financial assistance agreements signed between--
                    ``(A) small business concerns selected to receive a 
                voucher under the program; and
                    ``(B) the National Laboratories and single-purpose 
                research facilities.
            ``(5) Cost-sharing requirement.--In carrying out the 
        program, the Secretary shall require cost-sharing in accordance 
        with section 988.
            ``(6) Report.--In accordance with section 9007 of division Z 
        of the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021 (Public Law 116-
        260), the Secretary shall report annually on the progress and 
        implementation of the small business voucher program established 
        under this section, including the number and locations of small 
        businesses that received grants under this program.''; and
            (4) in subsection (e) (as so redesignated), by striking 
        ``for activities under this section'' and inserting ``for 
        activities under subsection (b)'' and inserting before the 
        period at the end ``and for activities under subsection (c) 
        $25,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2023 through 2027''.
SEC. 10719. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19312.>>  ENTREPRENEURIAL LEAVE 
                            PROGRAM.

    (a) <<NOTE: Program authority. Time period.>> In General.--The 
Secretary shall delegate to Directors the authority to carry out an 
entrepreneurial leave program (referred to in this section as the 
``program'') to allow National Laboratory employees to take a full leave 
of absence from their position, with the option to return to that or a 
comparable position up to 3 years later, or a partial leave of absence, 
to advance the commercial application of energy and related technologies 
relevant to the mission of the Department.

    (b) Termination Authority.--Directors shall retain the authority to 
terminate National Laboratory employees that participate in the program 
if such employees are found to violate terms prescribed by the National 
Laboratory at which such employee is employed.
    (c) Licensing.--To reduce barriers to participation in the program, 
the Secretary shall delegate to the Directors the requirement to 
establish streamlined mechanisms for facilitating the licensing of 
technology that is the focus of National Laboratory employees who 
participate in the program.
    (d) Report.--In accordance with section 9007 of division Z of the 
Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021 (Public Law 116-260), the 
Secretary shall report annually on the utilization of this authority at 
National Laboratories, including the number of employees who participate 
in this program at each National Laboratory and the number of employees 
who take a permanent leave from their positions at National Laboratories 
as a result of participating in this program.
    (e) Federal Ethics.--Nothing in this section shall affect existing 
Federal ethics rules applicable to Federal personnel.
SEC. 10720. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19313.>>  NATIONAL LABORATORY NON-
                            FEDERAL EMPLOYEE OUTSIDE EMPLOYMENT 
                            AUTHORITY.

    (a) In General.--The Secretary shall delegate to Directors of 
National Laboratories the authority to allow their non-Federal 
employees--

[[Page 136 STAT. 1708]]

            (1) to engage in outside employment, including start-up 
        companies based on licensing technologies developed at National 
        Laboratories and consulting in their areas of expertise, and 
        receive compensation from such entities; and
            (2) to engage in outside activities related to their areas 
        of expertise at the National Laboratory and may allow employees, 
        in their employment capacity at such outside employment, to 
        access the National Laboratories under the same contracting 
        mechanisms as non-Laboratory employees and entities, in 
        accordance with appropriate conflict of interest protocols.

    (b) Requirements.--If a Director elects to use the authority granted 
by subsection (a) of this section, the Director, or their designee, 
shall--
            (1) require employees to disclose to and obtain approval 
        from the Director or their designee prior to engaging in any 
        outside employment;
            (2) <<NOTE: Protocols.>>  develop and require appropriate 
        conflict of interest protocols for employees that engage in 
        outside employment;
            (3) maintain the authority to terminate employees engaging 
        in outside employment if they are found to violate terms, 
        including conflict of interest protocols, mandated by the 
        Director; and
            (4) ensure that any such programs or activities are in 
        conformance with the Department's research security policies, 
        including DOE Order 486.1.

    (c) Additional Restrictions.--Employees engaging in outside 
employment may not--
            (1) allow such activities to interfere with or impede their 
        duties at the National Laboratory;
            (2) engage in activities related to outside employment using 
        National Laboratory government equipment, property, or 
        resources, unless such activities are performed under National 
        Laboratory contracting mechanisms, such as Cooperative Research 
        and Development Agreements or Strategic Partnership Projects, 
        whereby all conflicts of interest requirements apply; or
            (3) use their position at a National Laboratory to provide 
        an unfair competitive advantage to an outside employer or start-
        up activity.

    (d) Federal Ethics.--Nothing in this section shall affect existing 
Federal ethics rules applicable to Federal personnel.

               PART 3--DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY MODERNIZATION

SEC. 10722. OFFICE OF TECHNOLOGY TRANSITIONS.

    Section 1001(a) of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16391) 
is amended by adding at the end the following:
            ``(6) Hiring and management.--To carry out the program 
        authorized in this section, the Under Secretary for Science may 
        appoint personnel using the authorities in section 10726 of the 
        Research and Development, Competition, and Innovation Act.
            ``(7) <<NOTE: Time period.>> Authorization of 
        appropriations.--There are authorized to be appropriated to the 
        Secretary to carry out

[[Page 136 STAT. 1709]]

        the activities authorized in this section $20,000,000 for each 
        of fiscal years 2023 through 2027.''.
SEC. 10723. MANAGEMENT OF DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY DEMONSTRATION 
                            PROJECTS.

    Section 41201 of the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act (42 
U.S.C. 18861) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (b), by inserting ``including the Office 
        of Technology Transitions, the Loan Program Office, and all 
        applied program offices,'' after ``Department,'';
            (2) in subsection (d), by inserting ``, including by using 
        the authorities in section 10726 of the Research and 
        Development, Competition, and Innovation Act,'' after 
        ``personnel'';
            (3) by redesignating subsections (e), (f), and (g) as 
        subsections (g), (h), and (i), respectively;
            (4) by adding after subsection (d) the following:

    ``(e) Additional Authority.--The Secretary may solicit, select, and 
manage covered projects directly through the program.
    ``(f) Project Termination.--Should an ongoing covered project 
receive an unfavorable review under subsection (c)(5), the Secretary or 
their designee may cease funding the covered project and reallocate the 
remaining funds to new or existing covered projects carried out by that 
program office.''; and
            (5) in subsection (h)(1) (as so redesignated), by striking 
        ``The Secretary'' and inserting ``In accordance with section 
        9007 of division Z of the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021 
        (Public Law 116-260), the Secretary''.
SEC. 10724. STREAMLINING PRIZE COMPETITIONS.

    (a) Reporting.--Section 1008 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 
U.S.C. 16396) is amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``(h) Report.--In accordance with section 9007 of division Z of the 
Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021 (Public Law 116-260), the 
Secretary shall report annually on a description of any prize 
competitions carried out using the authority under this section, the 
total amount of prizes awarded along with any private sector 
contributions, the methods used for solicitation and evaluation, and a 
description of how each prize competition advanced the mission of the 
Department.''.
    (b) Technical Amendment.--Section 1008 of the Energy Policy Act of 
2005 (42 U.S.C. 16396) is amended by redesignating the second subsection 
(e) (relating to authorization of appropriations) as subsection (f).
SEC. 10725. COST-SHARE WAIVER EXTENSION.

    (a) In General.--Section 988 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 
U.S.C. 16352) is amended in subsection (b)(4)(B) by striking ``this 
paragraph'' and inserting ``the Research and Development, Competition, 
and Innovation Act''.
    (b) Report.--Section 108(b) of the Department of Energy Research and 
Innovation Act is amended in subsection (b) by striking ``this Act'' 
each place it appears and inserting ``the Research and Development, 
Competition, and Innovation Act''.

[[Page 136 STAT. 1710]]

SEC. 10726. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19321.>>  SPECIAL HIRING AUTHORITY FOR 
                            SCIENTIFIC, ENGINEERING, AND PROJECT 
                            MANAGEMENT PERSONNEL.

    (a) In General.--The Under Secretary for Science shall have the 
authority to--
            (1) make appointments of not more than 60 scientific, 
        engineering, and professional personnel, without regard to civil 
        service laws, to assist the Department in meeting specific 
        project or research needs;
            (2) <<NOTE: Determination.>>  fix the basic pay of any 
        employee appointed under this section at a rate to be determined 
        by the Under Secretary at rates not in excess of Level II of the 
        Executive Schedule (EX-II) under section 5311 of title 5, United 
        States Code without regard to the civil service laws; and
            (3) <<NOTE: Time period.>> pay any employee appointed under 
        this section payments in addition to basic pay, except that the 
        total amount of additional payments paid to an employee under 
        this subsection for any 12-month period shall not exceed the 
        lesser of the following amounts:
                    (A) $25,000.
                    (B) The amount equal to 25 percent of the annual 
                rate of basic pay of that employee.
                    (C) The amount of the limitation that is applicable 
                for a calendar year under section 5307(a)(1) of title 5, 
                United States Code.

    (b) Term.--
            (1) In general.--The term of any employee appointed under 
        this section shall not exceed 3 years unless otherwise 
        authorized in law.
            (2) Termination.--The Under Secretary for Science shall have 
        the authority to terminate any employee appointed under this 
        section at any time based on performance or changing project or 
        research needs of the Department.
SEC. 10727. TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER REPORTS AND EVALUATION.

    Section 9007 of division Z of the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 
2021 (Public Law 116-260) <<NOTE: 42 USC 16391a.>>  is amended as 
follows:

    ``(a) Annual Report.--As part of the updated technology transfer 
execution plan required each year under section 1001(h)(2) of the Energy 
Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16391(h)(2)), the Secretary of Energy (in 
this section referred to as the `Secretary') shall submit to the 
Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of 
Representatives and the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the 
Senate a report on the progress and implementation of programs 
established under sections 9001, 9002, 9003, 9004, and 9005 of this Act 
and under sections 10714, 10718, 10719, 10720, and 10723 of the Research 
and Development, Competition, and Innovation Act.
    ``(b) <<NOTE: Deadline. Time period.>>  Evaluation.--Not later than 
3 years after the enactment of this Act and every 3 years thereafter the 
Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Science, Space, and 
Technology of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Energy 
and Natural Resources of the Senate an evaluation on the extent to which 
programs established under sections 9001, 9002, 9003, 9004, and 9005 of 
this Act and sections 10713, 10714, 10715, and 10717 of the Research and 
Development, Competition, and Innovation

[[Page 136 STAT. 1711]]

Act are achieving success based on relevant short-term and long-term 
metrics.''.

                          Subtitle K--Micro Act

SEC. 10731. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19331.>> MICROELECTRONICS RESEARCH FOR 
                            ENERGY INNOVATION.

    (a) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Center.--The term ``Center'' means a Microelectronics 
        Science Research Center established pursuant to subsection (d).
            (2) Department.--The term ``Department'' means the 
        Department of Energy.
            (3) Director.--The term ``Director'' means the Director of 
        the Office of Science.
            (4) Historically black college or university.--The term 
        ``historically Black college or university'' has the meaning 
        given the term ``part B institution'' in section 322 of the 
        Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1061).
            (5) Institution of higher education.--The term ``institution 
        of higher education'' has the meaning given the term in section 
        101(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1001(a)).
            (6) Microelectronics.--The term ``microelectronics'' means--
                    (A) a semiconductor and related materials;
                    (B) processing chemistries;
                    (C) design technologies;
                    (D) fabrication technologies;
                    (E) lithography technologies;
                    (F) packaging technologies;
                    (G) a sensor;
                    (H) a device;
                    (I) an integrated circuit;
                    (J) a processor;
                    (K) computing architecture;
                    (L) modeling and simulation;
                    (M) a software tool; and
                    (N) any other related technology.
            (7) Minority-serving institution.--The term ``minority-
        serving institution'' means--
                    (A) a Hispanic-serving institution (as defined in 
                section 502(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 
                U.S.C. 1101a(a)));
                    (B) an Alaska Native-serving institution (as defined 
                in section 317(b) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 
                (20 U.S.C. 1059d(b)));
                    (C) a Native Hawaiian-serving institution (as 
                defined in that section);
                    (D) a Predominantly Black Institution (as defined in 
                section 371(c) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 
                U.S.C. 1067q(c)));
                    (E) an Asian American and Native American Pacific 
                Islander-serving institution (as defined in that 
                section); and

[[Page 136 STAT. 1712]]

                    (F) a Native American-serving nontribal institution 
                (as defined in that section).
            (8) National laboratory.--The term ``National Laboratory'' 
        has the meaning given the term in section 2 of the Energy Policy 
        Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 15801).
            (9) Program.--The term ``program'' means the program 
        established under subsection (c)(1).
            (10) Secretary.--The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary 
        of Energy.
            (11) Skilled technical workforce.--The term ``skilled 
        technical workforce'' has the meaning given the term in section 
        4(b)(3) of the Innovations in Mentoring, Training, and 
        Apprenticeships Act (42 U.S.C. 1862p note; Public Law 115-402).
            (12) Tribal college or university.--The term ``Tribal 
        College or University'' has the meaning given the term in 
        section 316 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 
        1059c).
            (13) Work-based learning.--The term ``work-based learning'' 
        has the meaning given the term in section 3 of the Carl D. 
        Perkins Career and Technical Education Act of 2006 (20 U.S.C. 
        2302).

    (b) Findings.--Congress finds that--
            (1) the coming end of Moore's Law presents major 
        technological challenges and opportunities for the United States 
        and has important implications for national security, economic 
        competitiveness, and scientific discovery;
            (2) future progress and innovation in microelectronics, and 
        the maintenance of a robust domestic microelectronics supply 
        chain, will require an approach that advances relevant materials 
        science, electronic and photonic device technologies, processing 
        and packaging technologies, manufacturing technologies, circuit, 
        chip, and system architecture, and software system and algorithm 
        development in a codesign fashion;
            (3) the National Laboratories possess unique technical 
        expertise and user facilities that are essential to--
                    (A) overcoming foundational research challenges 
                relevant to the topics described in paragraph (2); and
                    (B) translating and transferring research outcomes 
                to industry; and
            (4) the expertise and user facilities of the National 
        Laboratories described in paragraph (3) will enable the 
        Department to drive advances in microelectronics that are 
        essential to meeting future needs in areas critical to the 
        missions of the Department and the future competitiveness of the 
        domestic microelectronics industry, including high-performance 
        computing, emerging data-centric computing approaches and 
        energy-efficient computing, optical sensors, sources, and 
        wireless networks, and power electronics and electricity 
        delivery systems.

    (c) Microelectronics Research Program.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary shall carry out a 
        crosscutting program of research, development, and demonstration 
        of microelectronics relevant to the missions of the Department 
        to enable advances and breakthroughs that will--

[[Page 136 STAT. 1713]]

                    (A) accelerate underlying research and development 
                for design, development, and manufacturability of next-
                generation microelectronics; and
                    (B) ensure the global competitiveness of the United 
                States in the field of microelectronics.
            (2) Research projects.--
                    (A) In general.--In carrying out the program, the 
                Secretary shall provide financial assistance to eligible 
                entities described in subparagraph (B) to carry out 
                research projects in--
                          (i) foundational science areas, including--
                                    (I) materials sciences, chemical 
                                sciences, and plasma science synthesis 
                                and fabrication;
                                    (II) novel microelectronics devices, 
                                including emerging memory and storage 
                                technologies;
                                    (III) diverse computing 
                                architectures and paradigms, including 
                                analog computing and edge computing;
                                    (IV) data-driven modeling and 
                                simulation;
                                    (V) integrated sensing, power 
                                harvesting, and communications;
                                    (VI) component integration and 
                                subsystems;
                                    (VII) photonic integration and 
                                packaging; and
                                    (VIII) development of codesign 
                                frameworks for all stages of 
                                microelectronics design, development, 
                                fabrication, and application;
                          (ii) cybersecurity by design to result in 
                      trusted and resilient microelectronics;
                          (iii) methods for leveraging advanced 
                      simulation and artificial intelligence to enhance 
                      codesign and discovery in microelectronics;
                          (iv) <<NOTE: Consultation.>>  in consultation 
                      with the National Institute of Standards and 
                      Technology, fabrication and processing science and 
                      metrology associated with microelectronics 
                      manufacturing, including lithography, patterning, 
                      surface deposition, etching, and cleaning;
                          (v) approaches for optimizing system-level 
                      energy efficiency of advanced computing systems, 
                      the electrical grid, power electronics, and other 
                      energy infrastructure;
                          (vi) approaches for enhancing the durability 
                      and lifetime of radiation-hardened electronics;
                          (vii) enhancement of microelectronics 
                      security, including the development of integrated 
                      devices, packages, and thermal management for 
                      severe environments and national security;
                          (viii) <<NOTE: Coordination.>>  in 
                      coordination with other relevant initiatives of 
                      the Department, methods to improve the lifetime, 
                      maintenance, recycling, reuse, and sustainability 
                      of microelectronics components and systems, 
                      including technologies and strategies that reduce 
                      the use of energy, water, critical materials, and 
                      other commodities that the Secretary determines 
                      are vulnerable to disruption; and
                          (ix) methods and techniques for domestic 
                      processing of materials for microelectronics and 
                      components of microelectronics.

[[Page 136 STAT. 1714]]

                    (B) Eligible entities.--An eligible entity referred 
                to in subparagraph (A) is--
                          (i) an institution of higher education, 
                      including a historically Black college or 
                      university, a Tribal College or University, and a 
                      minority-serving institution;
                          (ii) a nonprofit research organization;
                          (iii) a State research agency;
                          (iv) a National Laboratory;
                          (v) a private commercial entity;
                          (vi) a partnership or consortium of 2 or more 
                      entities described in clauses (i) through (v); and
                          (vii) any other entity that the Secretary 
                      determines appropriate.
                    (C) <<NOTE: Deadline.>>  Notification.--Not later 
                than 30 days after the Secretary provides financial 
                assistance to an eligible entity under subparagraph (A), 
                the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Energy 
                and Natural Resources of the Senate and the Committee on 
                Science, Space, and Technology of the House of 
                Representatives a notification of the financial 
                assistance provided, including--
                          (i) <<NOTE: Criteria.>> the criteria used by 
                      the Secretary to select the eligible entity 
                      receiving the financial assistance;
                          (ii) the manner in which the criteria 
                      described in clause (i) comport with the purposes 
                      of the program described in paragraph (1); and
                          (iii) a description of the research project 
                      that the eligible entity will carry out using the 
                      financial assistance.
            (3) <<NOTE: Coordination. Consultation.>>  Technology 
        transfer.--In carrying out the program, the Secretary, in 
        coordination with the Director of the Office of Technology 
        Transitions and in consultation with the private sector, shall--
                    (A) support translational research and transfer of 
                microelectronics technologies; and
                    (B) identify emerging research and development needs 
                of industry and government for the benefit of United 
                States economic competitiveness.
            (4) Workforce development.--In carrying out the program, the 
        Secretary shall support--
                    (A) workforce development through existing 
                authorities and mechanisms available to the Department, 
                including internships, fellowships, individual 
                investigator grants, and other activities the Secretary 
                determines appropriate; and
                    (B) <<NOTE: Consultation.>>  in consultation with 
                the National Science Foundation, as appropriate, 
                education and outreach activities--
                          (i) to disseminate information and promote 
                      understanding of microelectronics and related 
                      fields among students at elementary school, 
                      secondary school, high school, undergraduate, and 
                      graduate levels; and
                          (ii) that may include educational programming 
                      with an emphasis on experiential and project-based 
                      learning.
            (5) Outreach.--The Secretary shall conduct outreach to 
        recruit applicants to the program and engage participants from 
        all regions of the United States, especially individuals from 
        underserved communities and groups historically underrepresented 
        in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics.

[[Page 136 STAT. 1715]]

            (6) Coordination.--In carrying out the program, the 
        Secretary shall--
                    (A) coordinate across all relevant programs and 
                offices of the Department; and
                    (B) coordinate the research carried out under the 
                program relating to microelectronics with activities 
                carried out by other Federal agencies and programs 
                relating to microelectronics research, development, 
                manufacturing, and supply chain security, including the 
                programs authorized under subsections (c) through (f) of 
                section 9906 of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National 
                Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (15 
                U.S.C. 4656).
            (7) Report.--Not later than 180 days after the date of 
        enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall submit to the 
        Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate and the 
        Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of 
        Representatives a report describing the goals, priorities, and 
        anticipated outcomes of the program.
            (8) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  Funding.--There are authorized 
        to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out this 
        subsection--
                    (A) $75,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
                    (B) $100,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
                    (C) $100,000,000 for fiscal year 2025;
                    (D) $100,000,000 for fiscal year 2026; and
                    (E) $100,000,000 for fiscal year 2027.

    (d) Microelectronics Science Research Centers.--
            (1) In general.--In carrying out the program, subject to the 
        availability of appropriations, the Director shall establish not 
        more than 4 Microelectronics Science Research Centers, each 
        comprising 1 or more eligible entities--
                    (A) to conduct mission-driven research to address 
                foundational challenges in the design, development, 
                characterization, prototyping, demonstration, and 
                fabrication of microelectronics; and
                    (B) to facilitate the translation of research 
                results to industry.
            (2) Eligible entities.--An eligible entity referred to in 
        paragraph (1) is--
                    (A) a National Laboratory;
                    (B) an institution of higher education, including a 
                historically Black college or university, a Tribal 
                College or University, and a minority-serving 
                institution;
                    (C) a private commercial entity;
                    (D) a research center;
                    (E) a partnership or consortium of 2 or more 
                entities described in subparagraphs (A) through (D); and
                    (F) any other entity that the Secretary determines 
                appropriate.
            (3) Activities.--The activities of a Center shall include 
        research, development, and demonstration activities for--
                    (A) <<NOTE: Consultation.>> accelerating the 
                development of new microelectronics science and 
                technology, including materials, devices, circuits, 
                systems, architectures, fabrication tools, processes, 
                diagnostics, modeling, synthesis, and, in consultation 
                with the National Institute of Standards and Technology, 
                metrology;

[[Page 136 STAT. 1716]]

                    (B) advancing the sustainability and energy 
                efficiency of new microelectronics devices, packages, 
                and systems;
                    (C) application-driven codesign and prototyping of 
                novel devices to facilitate laboratory-to-fabrication 
                transition;
                    (D) advancing knowledge and experimental 
                capabilities in surface and materials science, plasma 
                science, and computational and theoretical methods, 
                including artificial intelligence, multiscale codesign, 
                and advanced supercomputing capabilities to invent and 
                manufacture revolutionary microelectronic devices;
                    (E) creating technology testbeds for prototyping 
                platforms for validation and verification of new 
                capabilities and sharing of ideas, intellectual 
                property, and the unique facilities of the Department;
                    (F) supporting development of cybersecurity 
                capabilities for computing architectures that measurably 
                improve safety and security and are adaptable for 
                existing and future applications; and
                    (G) supporting long-term and short-term workforce 
                development in microelectronics.
            (4) Request for proposals; merit review.--
                    (A) <<NOTE: Determination.>> In general.--The 
                Director shall, at such time, in such manner, and 
                containing such information as the Director determines 
                to be appropriate, issue a request for proposals from 
                eligible entities described in paragraph (2) seeking to 
                be designated as a Center.
                    (B) Competitive merit review.--The Director shall 
                select eligible entities under subparagraph (A) through 
                a competitive, merit-based process.
            (5) Operation.--
                    (A) Duration.--
                          (i) In general.--Each Center shall operate for 
                      a period of not more than 5 years, unless renewed 
                      for an additional 5-year period in accordance with 
                      clause (ii).
                          (ii) Renewal.--
                                    (I) Initial renewal.--In the case of 
                                a Center that has operated for not more 
                                than 5 years, the Director may renew 
                                support for the Center on a merit-
                                reviewed basis for a period of not more 
                                than 5 years.
                                    (II) 10-year operation.--In the case 
                                of a Center that has operated for not 
                                less than 5 years but not more than 10 
                                years, the Director may renew support 
                                for the Center on a competitive, merit-
                                reviewed basis for a period of not more 
                                than 5 years.
                                    (III) 15-year operation.--In the 
                                case of a Center that has operated for 
                                not less than 10 years but not more than 
                                15 years, the Director may renew support 
                                for the Center on a merit-reviewed basis 
                                for a period of not more than 5 years.
                    (B) Termination.--Consistent with the existing 
                authorities of the Department, the Director may 
                terminate an underperforming Center during the 
                performance period.

[[Page 136 STAT. 1717]]

            (6) <<NOTE: Coordination.>> Technology transfer.--The 
        Director, in coordination with the Director of the Office of 
        Technology Transitions, shall seek to enter into partnerships 
        with industry groups to facilitate the translation and transfer 
        of research results produced by the Centers.
            (7) Coordination.--The Secretary shall--
                    (A) establish a coordinating network to coordinate 
                cross-cutting research and foster communication and 
                collaboration among the Centers; and
                    (B) ensure coordination, and avoid unnecessary 
                duplication, of the activities of each Center with the 
                activities of--
                          (i) other research entities of the Department, 
                      including--
                                    (I) the Nanoscale Science Research 
                                Centers;
                                    (II) the National Quantum 
                                Information Science Research Centers;
                                    (III) the Energy Frontier Research 
                                Centers;
                                    (IV) the Energy Innovation Hubs;
                                    (V) the National Laboratories; and
                                    (VI) other offices of the 
                                Department;
                          (ii) the National Semiconductor Technology 
                      Center established under section 9906(c)(1) of the 
                      William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense 
                      Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (15 U.S.C. 
                      4656(c)(1));
                          (iii) institutions of higher education;
                          (iv) industry; and
                          (v) relevant research activities carried out 
                      by other Federal agencies.
            (8) Workforce development.--Each Center shall support 
        workforce development through--
                    (A) incorporation of undergraduate students, 
                postdoctoral fellows, graduate students, and early 
                career researchers, as well as elementary school, 
                secondary school, and high school students, through 
                opportunities such as dual-enrollment programs and work-
                based learning programs, as applicable;
                    (B) hands-on research and equipment training 
                programs;
                    (C) technical training and certificate programs for 
                the skilled technical workforce;
                    (D) facilitation of engagement among academic, 
                industry, and laboratory researchers; and
                    (E) public outreach activities, including to 
                students at elementary school, secondary school, high 
                school, undergraduate, and graduate levels, which may 
                include educational programming with an emphasis on 
                experiential and project-based learning.
            (9) Outreach.--The Director shall support the workforce 
        development of Centers under paragraph (8) by conducting 
        outreach to recruit applicants and engage participants from all 
        regions of the United States, especially individuals from 
        underserved communities and groups historically underrepresented 
        in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics.
            (10) Intellectual property.--The Secretary shall ensure that 
        the intellectual property and value proposition created by the 
        Centers are retained within the United States.

[[Page 136 STAT. 1718]]

            (11) Notification.--
                    (A) Definition of covered determination.--In this 
                paragraph, the term ``covered determination'' means a 
                determination of the Secretary--
                          (i) to establish a Center under paragraph (1);
                          (ii) to renew support for a Center under 
                      paragraph (5)(A)(ii); or
                          (iii) to terminate a Center under paragraph 
                      (5)(B).
                    (B) <<NOTE: Deadline.>>  Notification.--Not later 
                than 30 days after the Secretary makes a covered 
                determination, the Secretary shall submit to the 
                Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate 
                and the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of 
                the House of Representatives a notification of the 
                covered determination, including--
                          (i) <<NOTE: Criteria.>>  the criteria used by 
                      the Secretary to make the covered determination; 
                      and
                          (ii) the manner in which the criteria 
                      described in clause (i) comport with the purposes 
                      of the program described in paragraph (1).
            (12) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  Funding.--Subject to the 
        availability of appropriations, the Secretary shall use not more 
        than $25,000,000 to fund each Center for each of fiscal years 
        2023 through 2027.

  Subtitle <<NOTE: National Nuclear University Research Infrastructure 
Reinvestment Act of 2021. Coordination.>> L--National Nuclear University 
Research Infrastructure Reinvestment
SEC. 10741. <<NOTE: 42 USC 15801 note.>> SHORT TITLE.

     This subtitle may be cited as the ``National Nuclear University 
Research Infrastructure Reinvestment Act of 2021''.
SEC. 10742. <<NOTE: 42 USC 16274 note.>> PURPOSES.

    The purposes of this subtitle are--
            (1) to upgrade the nuclear research capabilities of 
        universities in the United States to meet the research 
        requirements of advanced nuclear energy systems;
            (2) to ensure the continued operation of university research 
        reactors;
            (3) to coordinate available resources to enable the 
        establishment, including the start and efficient completion of 
        construction, of new nuclear science and engineering facilities; 
        and
            (4) to support--
                    (A) workforce development critical to maintaining 
                United States leadership in nuclear science and 
                engineering and related disciplines; and
                    (B) the establishment or enhancement of nuclear 
                science and engineering capabilities and other, related 
                capabilities at historically Black colleges and 
                universities, Tribal colleges or universities, minority-
                serving institutions, EPSCoR universities, junior or 
                community colleges, and associate-degree-granting 
                colleges.
SEC. 10743. UNIVERSITY INFRASTRUCTURE COLLABORATION.

    Section 954(a) of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16274(a)) 
is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (2) by amending subparagraph (D) to read as 
        follows:

[[Page 136 STAT. 1719]]

                    ``(D) promote collaborations, partnerships, and 
                knowledge sharing between institutions of higher 
                education, National Laboratories, other Federal 
                agencies, industry, and associated labor unions; and''.
            (2) by amending paragraph (4) to read as follow:
            ``(4) Strengthening university research and training 
        reactors and associated infrastructure.--
                    ``(A) In general.--In carrying out the program under 
                this subsection, the Secretary may support--
                          ``(i) converting research reactors from high-
                      enrichment fuels to low-enrichment fuels and 
                      upgrading operational instrumentation;
                          ``(ii) revitalizing and upgrading existing 
                      nuclear science and engineering infrastructure 
                      that support the development of advanced nuclear 
                      technologies and applications;
                          ``(iii) regional or subregional university-led 
                      consortia to--
                                    ``(I) broaden access to university 
                                research reactors;
                                    ``(II) enhance existing university-
                                based nuclear science and engineering 
                                infrastructure; and
                                    ``(III) provide project management, 
                                technical support, quality engineering 
                                and inspections, manufacturing, and 
                                nuclear material support;
                          ``(iv) student training programs, in 
                      collaboration with the United States nuclear 
                      industry, in relicensing and upgrading reactors, 
                      including through the provision of technical 
                      assistance; and
                          ``(v) reactor improvements that emphasize 
                      research, training, and education, including 
                      through the Innovations in Nuclear Infrastructure 
                      and Education Program or any similar program.
                    ``(B) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  Of any amounts 
                appropriated to carry out the program under this 
                subsection, there is authorized to be appropriated to 
                the Secretary to carry out clauses (ii) and (iii) of 
                subparagraph (A) $55,000,000 for each of fiscal years 
                2023 through 2027.''.
SEC. 10744. ADVANCED NUCLEAR RESEARCH INFRASTRUCTURE ENHANCEMENT 
                            SUBPROGRAM.

    Section 954(a) of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 
16274(a)), as amended by section 3, is further amended--
            (1) by redesignating paragraphs (5) through (8) as 
        paragraphs (6) through (9), respectively;
            (2) by inserting after paragraph (4) the following:
            ``(5) Advanced nuclear research infrastructure 
        enhancement.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall carry out a 
                subprogram to be known as the Advanced Nuclear Research 
                Infrastructure Enhancement Subprogram in order to--
                          ``(i) demonstrate various advanced nuclear 
                      reactor and nuclear microreactor concepts;
                          ``(ii) establish medical isotope production 
                      reactors or other specialized applications; and

[[Page 136 STAT. 1720]]

                          ``(iii) advance other research infrastructure 
                      that, in the determination of the Secretary, is 
                      consistent with the mission of the Department.
                    ``(B) New nuclear science and engineering 
                facilities.--In carrying out the subprogram, the 
                Secretary shall establish--
                          ``(i) not more than 4 new research reactors; 
                      and
                          ``(ii) new nuclear science and engineering 
                      facilities, as required to address research demand 
                      and identified infrastructure gaps.
                    ``(C) Locations.--New research reactors and 
                facilities established under subparagraph (B) shall be 
                established in a manner that--
                          ``(i) supports the regional or subregional 
                      consortia described in paragraph (4)(C); and
                          ``(ii) encourages the participation of--
                                    ``(I) historically Black colleges 
                                and universities;
                                    ``(II) Tribal colleges or 
                                universities;
                                    ``(III) minority-serving 
                                institutions;
                                    ``(IV) EPSCoR universities; and
                                    ``(V) junior or community colleges.
                    ``(D) Fuel requirements.--New research reactors 
                established under subparagraph (B) shall not use high-
                enriched uranium, as defined in section 2001 of division 
                Z of the Consolidated Appropriations Act of 2021.
                    ``(E) <<NOTE: Time period.>> Authorization of 
                appropriations.--Of any amounts appropriated to carry 
                out the program under this section, there are authorized 
                to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the 
                subprogram under this paragraph--
                          ``(i) $45,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
                          ``(ii) $60,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
                          ``(iii) $65,000,000 for fiscal year 2025;
                          ``(iv) $80,000,000 for fiscal year 2026; and
                          ``(v) $140,000,000 for fiscal year 2027.''; 
                      and
            (3) by amending paragraph (9), as redesignated by paragraph 
        (1) of this section, to read as follows:
            ``(9) Definitions.--In this subsection:
                    ``(A) Junior faculty.--The term `junior faculty' 
                means a faculty member who was awarded a doctorate less 
                than 10 years before receipt of an award from the grant 
                program described in paragraph (2)(B).
                    ``(B) Junior or community college.--The term `junior 
                or community college' means--
                          ``(i) a public institution of high education, 
                      including additional locations, at which the 
                      highest awarded degree, or the predominantly 
                      awarded degree, is an associate degree; or
                          ``(ii) any Tribal college or university (as 
                      defined in section 316 of the Higher Education Act 
                      of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1059c)).
                    ``(C) Epscor university.--The term `EPSCoR 
                university' means an institution of higher education 
                located in a State eligible to participate in the 
                program defined in section 502 of the America COMPETES 
                Reauthorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 1862p note).

[[Page 136 STAT. 1721]]

                    ``(D) Historically black college or university.--The 
                term `historically Black college or university' has the 
                meaning given the term `part B institution' in section 
                322 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 
                1061).
                    ``(E) Minority-serving institution.--The term 
                `minority-serving institution' means a Hispanic-serving 
                institution, an Alaska Native-serving institution, a 
                Native Hawaiian-serving institution, a Predominantly 
                Black Institution, an Asian American and Native American 
                Pacific Islander-serving institution, or a Native 
                American-serving nontribal institution as described in 
                section 371 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 
                U.S.C. 1067q(a)).
                    ``(F) Tribal college or university.--The term 
                `Tribal College or University' has the meaning given 
                such term in section 316 of the Higher Education Act of 
                1965 (20 U.S.C. 1059c).''.
SEC. 10745. SCIENCE EDUCATION AND HUMAN RESOURCES SCHOLARSHIPS, 
                            FELLOWSHIPS, AND RESEARCH AND 
                            DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS.

    (a) <<NOTE: 42 USC 16274a note.>> In General.--The purpose of this 
section is to support a diverse workforce for the complex landscape 
associated with effective and equitable development of advanced nuclear 
energy technologies, including interdisciplinary research to enable 
positive impacts and avoid potential negative impacts across the 
lifespan of nuclear energy technologies.

    (b) Nontechnical Nuclear Research.--Section 313 of the Omnibus 
Appropriations Act, 2009 (Public Law 111-8; 42 U.S.C. 16274a) is 
amended--
            (1) in subsection (b)(2), after ``engineering'', by 
        inserting ``, which may include nontechnical nuclear 
        research.'';
            (2) in subsection (c), by inserting after paragraph (2) the 
        following:
            ``(3) Nontechnical nuclear research.--The term `nontechnical 
        nuclear research' means research with specializations such as 
        social sciences or law that can support an increase in community 
        engagement, participation, and confidence in nuclear energy 
        systems, including the navigation of the licensing required for 
        advanced reactor deployment, aligned with the objectives in 
        section 951(a)(2) of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 
        16271(a)(2)).''; and
            (3) in subsection (d)(1), by striking ``$30,000,000'' and 
        inserting ``$45,000,000''.

    Subtitle M--Steel Upgrading Partnerships and Emissions Reduction

SEC. 10751. LOW-EMISSIONS STEEL MANUFACTURING RESEARCH PROGRAM.

    (a) Program.--Subtitle D of title IV of the Energy Independence and 
Security Act of 2007 (42 U.S.C. 17111 et seq.) is amended by inserting 
after section 454 the following:

[[Page 136 STAT. 1722]]

``SEC. 454A. <<NOTE: 42 USC 17113a.>> LOW-EMISSIONS STEEL 
                          MANUFACTURING RESEARCH PROGRAM.

    ``(a) Purpose.--The purpose of this section is to encourage the 
research and development of innovative technologies aimed at--
            ``(1) increasing the technological and economic 
        competitiveness of industry and manufacturing in the United 
        States; and
            ``(2) achieving significant net nonwater greenhouse 
        emissions reductions in the production processes for iron, 
        steel, and steel mill products.

    ``(b) Definitions.--In this section:
            ``(1) Commercially available steelmaking.--The term 
        `commercially available steelmaking' means the current 
        production method of iron, steel, and steel mill products.
            ``(2) Critical material.--The term `critical material' has 
        the meaning given such term in section 7002 of division Z of the 
        Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021 (Public Law 116-260).
            ``(3) Critical mineral.--The term `critical mineral' has the 
        meaning given such term in section 7002 of division Z of the 
        Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021 (Public Law 116-260).
            ``(4) Eligible entity.--The term `eligible entity' means--
                    ``(A) an institution of higher education;
                    ``(B) an appropriate State or Federal entity, 
                including a federally funded research and development 
                center of the Department;
                    ``(C) a nonprofit research institution;
                    ``(D) a private entity;
                    ``(E) any other relevant entity the Secretary 
                determines appropriate; and
                    ``(F) a partnership or consortium of two or more 
                entities described in subparagraphs (A) through (E).
            ``(5) Institution of higher education.--The term 
        `institution of higher education' has the meaning given the term 
        in section 101 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 
        1001).
            ``(6) Low-emissions steel manufacturing.--The term `low-
        emissions steel manufacturing' means advanced or commercially 
        available steelmaking with the reduction, to the maximum extent 
        practicable, of net nonwater greenhouse gas emissions to the 
        atmosphere from the production of iron, steel, and steel mill 
        products.

    ``(c) <<NOTE: Deadline.>>  In General.--Not later than 180 days 
after the date of enactment of the Research and Development, 
Competition, and Innovation Act, the Secretary shall establish a program 
of research, development, demonstration, and commercial application of 
advanced tools, technologies, and methods for low-emissions steel 
manufacturing.

    ``(d) <<NOTE: Coordination.>>  Requirements.--In carrying out the 
program under subsection (c), the Secretary shall--
            ``(1) coordinate this program with the programs and 
        activities authorized in title VI of division Z of the 
        Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021;
            ``(2) coordinate across all relevant program offices of the 
        Department, including the Office of Science, Office of Energy

[[Page 136 STAT. 1723]]

        Efficiency and Renewable Energy, the Office of Fossil Energy, 
        and the Office of Nuclear Energy;
            ``(3) leverage, to the extent practicable, the research 
        infrastructure of the Department, including scientific computing 
        user facilities, x-ray light sources, neutron scattering 
        facilities, and nanoscale science research centers; and
            ``(4) conduct research, development, and demonstration of 
        low-emissions steel manufacturing technologies that have the 
        potential to increase domestic production and employment in 
        advanced and commercially available steelmaking.

    ``(e) Strategic Plan.--
            ``(1) <<NOTE: Deadline. Time period.>> In general.--Not 
        later than 180 days after the date of enactment of the Research 
        and Development, Competition, and Innovation Act, the Secretary 
        shall develop a 5-year strategic plan identifying research, 
        development, demonstration, and commercial application goals for 
        the program established in subsection (c). The Secretary shall 
        submit this plan to the Committee on Science, Space, and 
        Technology of the House of Representatives and the Committee on 
        Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate.
            ``(2) Contents.--The strategic plan submitted under 
        paragraph (1) shall--
                    ``(A) identify programs at the Department related to 
                low-emissions steel manufacturing that support the 
                research, development, demonstration, and commercial 
                application activities described in this section, and 
                the demonstration projects under subsection (h);
                    ``(B) establish technological and programmatic goals 
                to achieve the requirements of subsection (d); and
                    ``(C) <<NOTE: Timelines.>>  include timelines for 
                the accomplishment of goals developed under the plan.
            ``(3) <<NOTE: Time period.>> Updates to plan.--Not less than 
        once every two years, the Secretary shall submit to the 
        Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of 
        Representatives and the Committee on Energy and Natural 
        Resources of the Senate an updated version of the plan under 
        paragraph (1).

    ``(f) Focus Areas.--In carrying out the program established in 
subsection (c), the Secretary shall focus on--
            ``(1) medium- and high-temperature heat generation 
        technologies used for low-emissions steel manufacturing, which 
        may include--
                    ``(A) alternative fuels, including hydrogen and 
                biomass;
                    ``(B) alternative reducing agents, including 
                hydrogen;
                    ``(C) renewable heat generation technology, 
                including solar and geothermal;
                    ``(D) electrification of heating processes, 
                including through electrolysis; and
                    ``(E) other heat generation sources;
            ``(2) carbon capture technologies for advanced and 
        commercially available steelmaking processes, which may 
        include--
                    ``(A) combustion and chemical looping technologies;
                    ``(B) use of slag to reduce carbon dioxide 
                emissions;
                    ``(C) pre-combustion technologies; and
                    ``(D) post-combustion technologies;
            ``(3) smart manufacturing technologies and principles, 
        digital manufacturing technologies, and advanced data analytics 
        to develop advanced technologies and practices in information,

[[Page 136 STAT. 1724]]

        automation, monitoring, computation, sensing, modeling, and 
        networking to--
                    ``(A) model and simulate manufacturing production 
                lines;
                    ``(B) monitor and communicate production line 
                status; and
                    ``(C) model, simulate, and optimize the energy 
                efficiency of manufacturing processes;
            ``(4) technologies and practices that minimize energy and 
        natural resource consumption, which may include--
                    ``(A) designing products that enable reuse, 
                refurbishment, remanufacturing, and recycling;
                    ``(B) minimizing waste from advanced and 
                commercially available steelmaking processes, including 
                through the reuse of waste as resources in other 
                industrial processes for mutual benefit;
                    ``(C) increasing resource efficiency; and
                    ``(D) increasing the energy efficiency of advanced 
                and commercially available steelmaking processes;
            ``(5) alternative materials and technologies that produce 
        fewer emissions during production and result in fewer emissions 
        during use, which may include--
                    ``(A) innovative raw materials;
                    ``(B) high-performance lightweight materials;
                    ``(C) substitutions for critical materials and 
                critical minerals; and
                    ``(D) other technologies that achieve significant 
                carbon emission reductions in low-emissions steel 
                manufacturing, as determined by the Secretary; and
            ``(6) high-performance computing to develop advanced 
        materials and manufacturing processes contributing to the focus 
        areas described in paragraphs (1) through (5), including--
                    ``(A) modeling, simulation, and optimization of the 
                design of energy efficient and sustainable products; and
                    ``(B) the use of digital prototyping and additive 
                manufacturing to enhance product design.

    ``(g) <<NOTE: Consultation.>> Testing and Validation.--The 
Secretary, in consultation with the Director of the National Institute 
of Standards and Technology, shall support the development of 
standardized testing and technical validation of advanced and 
commercially available steelmaking and low-emissions steel manufacturing 
through collaboration with one or more National Laboratories, and one or 
more eligible entities.

    ``(h) Demonstration.--
            ``(1) <<NOTE: Deadline.>> Establishment.--Not later than 180 
        days after the date of enactment of the Research and 
        Development, Competition, and Innovation Act, the Secretary, in 
        carrying out the program established in subsection (c), and in 
        collaboration with industry partners, institutions of higher 
        education, and the National Laboratories, shall support an 
        initiative for the demonstration of low-emissions steel 
        manufacturing, as identified by the Secretary, that uses 
        either--
                    ``(A) a single technology; or
                    ``(B) a combination of multiple technologies.
            ``(2) Selection requirements.--Under the initiative 
        established under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall select 
        eligible

[[Page 136 STAT. 1725]]

        entities to carry out demonstration projects and to the maximum 
        extent practicable--
                    ``(A) encourage regional diversity among eligible 
                entities, including participation by rural States;
                    ``(B) encourage technological diversity among 
                eligible entities; and
                    ``(C) ensure that specific projects selected--
                          ``(i) expand on the existing technology 
                      demonstration programs of the Department; and
                          ``(ii) prioritize projects that leverage 
                      matching funds from non-Federal sources.
            ``(3) Reports.--The Secretary shall submit to the Committee 
        on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of 
        Representatives and the Committee on Energy and Natural 
        Resources of the Senate--
                    ``(A) <<NOTE: Time period.>>  not less frequently 
                than once every two years for the duration of the 
                demonstration initiative under this subsection, a report 
                describing the performance of the initiative; and
                    ``(B) if the initiative established under this 
                subsection is terminated, an assessment of the success 
                of, and education provided by, the measures carried out 
                by recipients of financial assistance under the 
                initiative.

    ``(i) Additional Coordination.--
            ``(1) Manufacturing u.s.a.--In carrying out this section the 
        Secretary shall consider--
                    ``(A) leveraging the resources of relevant existing 
                Manufacturing USA Institutes described in section 34(d) 
                of the National Institute of Standards and Technology 
                Act (15 U.S.C. 278s(d));
                    ``(B) integrating program activities into a relevant 
                existing Manufacturing USA Institute; or
                    ``(C) establishing a new institute focused on low-
                emissions steel manufacturing.
            ``(2) <<NOTE: Coordination.>>  Other federal agencies.--In 
        carrying out this section, the Secretary shall coordinate with 
        other Federal agencies that are carrying out research and 
        development initiatives to increase industrial competitiveness 
        and achieve significant net nonwater greenhouse emissions 
        reductions through low-emissions steel manufacturing, including 
        the Department of Defense, Department of Transportation, and the 
        National Institute of Standards and Technology.''.

    (b) Clerical Amendment.--Section 1(b) of the Energy Independence and 
Security Act of 2007 (42 U.S.C. 17001 note) is amended in the table of 
contents by inserting after the item relating to section 454 the 
following:

``Sec. 454A. Low-Emissions Steel Manufacturing Research Program.''.

    Subtitle N--Applied Laboratories Infrastructure Restoration and 
                              Modernization

SEC. 10761. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19341.>> APPLIED LABORATORIES 
                            INFRASTRUCTURE RESTORATION AND 
                            MODERNIZATION.

    (a) Definition of National Laboratory.--In this section, the term 
``National Laboratory'' means--

[[Page 136 STAT. 1726]]

            (1) the National Renewable Energy Laboratory;
            (2) the National Energy Technology Laboratory;
            (3) the Idaho National Laboratory;
            (4) the Savannah River National Laboratory;
            (5) the Sandia National Laboratories;
            (6) the Los Alamos National Laboratory; and
            (7) the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory.

    (b) Restoration and Modernization Projects.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary shall fund projects described 
        in paragraph (2) as needed to address the deferred maintenance, 
        critical infrastructure needs, and modernization of National 
        Laboratories.
            (2) <<NOTE: Determination.>> Projects described.--The 
        projects referred to in paragraph (1) are, as determined by the 
        Secretary--
                    (A) priority deferred maintenance projects at 
                National Laboratories, including facilities sustainment 
                for, upgrade of, and construction of research 
                laboratories, administrative and support buildings, 
                utilities, roads, power plants, and any other critical 
                infrastructure; and
                    (B) lab modernization projects at National 
                Laboratories, including projects relating to core 
                infrastructure needed--
                          (i) to support existing and emerging science 
                      missions with new and specialized requirements for 
                      world-leading scientific user facilities and 
                      computing capabilities; and
                          (ii) to maintain safe, efficient, reliable, 
                      and environmentally responsible operations, 
                      including pilot projects to demonstrate net-zero 
                      emissions with resilient operations.
            (3) Approach.--In carrying out paragraph (1), the Secretary 
        shall use all available approaches and mechanisms, as the 
        Secretary determines to be appropriate, including--
                    (A) capital line items;
                    (B) minor construction projects;
                    (C) energy savings performance contracts;
                    (D) utility energy service contracts;
                    (E) alternative financing; and
                    (F) expense funding.

    (c) <<NOTE: Time period. List.>> Submission to Congress.--For each 
fiscal year through fiscal year 2027, at the same time as the annual 
budget submission of the President, the Secretary shall submit to the 
Committee on Appropriations and the Committee on Energy and Natural 
Resources of the Senate and the Committee on Appropriations and the 
Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of 
Representatives a list of projects for which the Secretary will provide 
funding under this section, including a description of each project and 
the funding profile for the project.

    (d) <<NOTE: Time period.>> Authorization of Appropriations.--There 
is authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the 
activities described in this section $800,000,000 for each of fiscal 
years 2023 through 2027, of which, in each fiscal year--
            (1) $640,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated for 
        projects at National Laboratories described in paragraphs (1) 
        through (4) of subsection (a); and

[[Page 136 STAT. 1727]]

            (2) $160,000,000 is authorized to be appropriated for 
        projects at National Laboratories described in paragraphs (5) 
        through (7) of that subsection.

      Subtitle O--Department of Energy Research, Development, and 
                        Demonstration Activities

SEC. 10771. <<NOTE: Appropriations authorization. Time 
                            period.>> DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY 
                            RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT, AND 
                            DEMONSTRATION ACTIVITIES.

    For the purpose of carrying out research, development, and 
demonstration activities and addressing energy-related supply chain 
activities in the key technology focus areas (as described in section 
10387), there are authorized to be appropriated the following amounts:
            (1) Office of energy efficiency and renewable energy.--In 
        addition to amounts otherwise authorized to be appropriated or 
        made available, there are authorized to be appropriated to the 
        Secretary of Energy (referred to in this section as the 
        ``Secretary''), acting through the Office of Energy Efficiency 
        and Renewable Energy, for the period of fiscal years 2023 
        through 2026--
                    (A) $1,200,000,000 to carry out building 
                technologies research, development, and demonstration 
                activities;
                    (B) $1,200,000,000 to carry out sustainable 
                transportation research, development, and demonstration 
                activities;
                    (C) $1,000,000,000 to carry out advanced 
                manufacturing research, development, and demonstration 
                activities, excluding activities carried out pursuant to 
                subparagraph (D);
                    (D) $1,000,000,000 to carry out section 454 of the 
                Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (42 U.S.C. 
                17113);
                    (E) $600,000,000 to carry out advanced materials 
                research, development, and demonstration activities, 
                including relating to upcycling, recycling, and biobased 
                materials; and
                    (F) $800,000,000 to carry out renewable power 
                research, development, and demonstration activities.
            (2) Office of electricity.--In addition to amounts otherwise 
        authorized to be appropriated or made available, there is 
        authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary, acting through 
        the Office of Electricity, for the period of fiscal years 2023 
        through 2026, $1,000,000,000 to carry out electric grid 
        modernization and security research, development, and 
        demonstration activities.
            (3) Office of cybersecurity, energy security, and emergency 
        response.--In addition to amounts otherwise authorized to be 
        appropriated or made available, there is authorized to be 
        appropriated to the Secretary, acting through the Office of 
        Cybersecurity, Energy Security, and Emergency Response, for the 
        period of fiscal years 2023 through 2026, $800,000,000 to carry 
        out cybersecurity and energy system physical security research, 
        development, and demonstration activities.

[[Page 136 STAT. 1728]]

            (4) Office of nuclear energy.--In addition to amounts 
        otherwise authorized to be appropriated or made available, there 
        is authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary, acting 
        through the Office of Nuclear Energy, for the period of fiscal 
        years 2023 through 2026, $400,000,000 to carry out advanced 
        materials research, development, and demonstration activities.
            (5) Office of environmental management.--In addition to 
        amounts otherwise authorized to be appropriated or made 
        available, there is authorized to be appropriated to the 
        Secretary, acting through the Office of Environmental 
        Management, for the period of fiscal years 2023 through 2026, 
        $200,000,000 to carry out research, development, and 
        demonstration activities, including relating to artificial 
        intelligence and information technology.
            (6) Office of fossil energy and carbon management.--In 
        addition to amounts otherwise authorized to be appropriated or 
        made available, there are authorized to be appropriated to the 
        Secretary, acting through the Office of Fossil Energy and Carbon 
        Management, for the period of fiscal years 2023 through 2026--
                    (A) $600,000,000 to carry out clean industrial 
                technologies research, development, and demonstration 
                activities pursuant to section 454 of the Energy 
                Independence and Security Act of 2007 (42 U.S.C. 17113);
                    (B) $200,000,000 to carry out alternative fuels 
                research, development, and demonstration activities; and
                    (C) $1,000,000,000 to carry out carbon removal 
                research, development, and demonstration activities.
            (7) Advanced research projects agency--energy.--In addition 
        to amounts otherwise authorized to be appropriated or made 
        available, there is authorized to be appropriated to the 
        Secretary, acting through the Director of the Advanced Research 
        Projects Agency--Energy established under section 5012 of the 
        America COMPETES Act (42 U.S.C. 16538), for the period of fiscal 
        years 2023 through 2026, $1,200,852,898 to carry out activities 
        of the Advanced Research Projects Agency--Energy.

                   Subtitle P--Fission for the Future

SEC. 10781. <<NOTE: 42 USC 19351.>> ADVANCED NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGIES 
                            FEDERAL RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT, AND 
                            DEMONSTRATION PROGRAM.

    (a) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Advanced nuclear reactor.--The term ``advanced nuclear 
        reactor'' has the meaning given the term in section 951(b) of 
        the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16271(b)).
            (2) Eligible entity.--The term ``eligible entity'' means 
        each of--
                    (A) a State;
                    (B) an Indian Tribe (as defined in section 4 of the 
                Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act 
                (25 U.S.C. 5304));
                    (C) a Tribal organization (as defined in section 4 
                of the Indian Self-Determination and Education 
                Assistance Act (25 U.S.C. 5304));

[[Page 136 STAT. 1729]]

                    (D) a unit of local government;
                    (E) an electric utility (as defined in section 3 of 
                the Federal Power Act (16 U.S.C. 796));
                    (F) a National Laboratory (as defined in section 2 
                of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 15801));
                    (G) an institution of higher education (as defined 
                in section 101(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 
                (20 U.S.C. 1001(a))); and
                    (H) a private entity specializing in--
                          (i) advanced nuclear technology development;
                          (ii) nuclear supply chains; or
                          (iii) with respect to nuclear technologies and 
                      nonelectric applications of nuclear technologies, 
                      construction, project financing, contract 
                      structuring and risk allocation, or regulatory and 
                      licensing processes.
            (3) Program.--The term ``program'' means the program 
        established under subsection (b)(1).
            (4) Secretary.--The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary 
        of Energy.

    (b) Establishment of Program.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary shall establish a program to 
        provide Federal financial assistance to eligible entities to 
        support the research, development, and demonstration of advanced 
        nuclear reactors.
            (2) Competitive procedures.--To the maximum extent 
        practicable, the Secretary shall carry out the program using a 
        competitive, merit-based review process that is consistent with 
        section 989 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16353).

    (c) Applications.--An eligible entity desiring Federal financial 
assistance under the program shall submit to the Secretary an 
application at such time, in such manner, and containing such 
information as the Secretary may require.
    (d) Priority.--In selecting eligible entities to receive Federal 
financial assistance under the program, the Secretary shall give 
priority to eligible entities that--
            (1) plan to carry out projects at or near the site of 1 or 
        more fossil fuel electric generation facilities that are retired 
        or scheduled to retire, including multi-unit facilities that are 
        partially shut down--
                    (A) to support the productive reuse of fossil fuel 
                electric generation facilities that are retired or 
                scheduled to retire; and
                    (B) to sustain and revitalize communities impacted 
                by the closure of fossil fuel electric generation 
                facilities;
            (2) plan to support nonelectric applications, including 
        supplying heat for--
                    (A) energy storage;
                    (B) hydrogen or other liquid and gaseous fuel or 
                chemical production;
                    (C) industrial processes;
                    (D) desalination technologies and processes;
                    (E) isotope production;
                    (F) district heating; and
                    (G) other applications, as the Secretary determines 
                to be appropriate; and

[[Page 136 STAT. 1730]]

            (3) have implemented or demonstrated the ability to 
        successfully implement workforce training or retraining programs 
        to train workers to perform activities relating to the research, 
        development, and demonstration of advanced nuclear reactors.

    (e) <<NOTE: Applicability.>>  Cost Share.--Section 988 of the Energy 
Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16352) shall apply to Federal financial 
assistance provided under the program.

    (f) <<NOTE: Time periods.>>  Authorization of Appropriations.--In 
addition to amounts otherwise available, there are authorized to be 
appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the program--
            (1) $75,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
            (2) $100,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
            (3) $150,000,000 for fiscal year 2025;
            (4) $225,000,000 for fiscal year 2026; and
            (5) $250,000,000 for fiscal year 2027.

   TITLE VII-- <<NOTE: National Aeronautics and Space Administration 
      Authorization Act of 2022.>> NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE 
ADMINISTRATION AUTHORIZATION ACT
SEC. 10801. <<NOTE: 51 USC 10101 note.>> SHORT TITLE.

    This title may be cited as the ``National Aeronautics and Space 
Administration Authorization Act of 2022''.
SEC. 10802. <<NOTE: 51 USC 10101 note.>> DEFINITIONS.

    In this title:
            (1) Administration.--The term ``Administration'' means the 
        National Aeronautics and Space Administration.
            (2) Administrator.--The term ``Administrator'' means the 
        Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space 
        Administration.
            (3) Appropriate committees of congress.--Except as otherwise 
        expressly provided, the term ``appropriate committees of 
        Congress'' means--
                    (A) the Committee on Commerce, Science, and 
                Transportation of the Senate; and
                    (B) the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology 
                of the House of Representatives.
            (4) Cislunar space.--The term ``cislunar space'' means the 
        region of space beyond low-Earth orbit out to and including the 
        region around the surface of the Moon.
            (5) Deep space.--The term ``deep space'' means the region of 
        space beyond low-Earth orbit, including cislunar space.
            (6) Development cost.--The term ``development cost'' has the 
        meaning given the term in section 30104 of title 51, United 
        States Code.
            (7) Government astronaut.--The term ``government astronaut'' 
        has the meaning given the term in section 50902 of title 51, 
        United States Code.
            (8) ISS.--The term ``ISS'' means the International Space 
        Station.
            (9) Low-enriched uranium.--The term ``low-enriched uranium'' 
        means uranium having an assay greater than the assay

[[Page 136 STAT. 1731]]

        for natural uranium but less than 20 percent of the uranium-235 
        isotope.
            (10) NASA.--The term ``NASA'' means the National Aeronautics 
        and Space Administration.
            (11) Orion.--The term ``Orion'' means the multipurpose crew 
        vehicle described in section 303 of the National Aeronautics and 
        Space Administration Authorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 
        18323).
            (12) OSTP.--The term ``OSTP'' means the Office of Science 
        and Technology Policy.
            (13) Space flight participant.--The term ``space flight 
        participant'' has the meaning given the term in section 50902 of 
        title 51, United States Code.
            (14) Space launch system.--The term ``Space Launch System'' 
        means the Space Launch System authorized under section 302 of 
        the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Act of 2010 
        (42 U.S.C. 18322).
            (15) Unmanned aircraft; unmanned aircraft system.--The terms 
        ``unmanned aircraft'' and ``unmanned aircraft system'' have the 
        meanings given those terms in section 44801 of title 49, United 
        States Code.

                         Subtitle A--Exploration

SEC. 10811. <<NOTE: 51 USC 20302 note.>> MOON TO MARS.

    (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
            (1) advances in space technology and space exploration 
        capabilities--
                    (A) ensure the long-term technological preeminence, 
                economic competitiveness, STEM workforce development, 
                and national security of the United States; and
                    (B) offer profound inspirational value for future 
                generations;
            (2) the Artemis missions--
                    (A) will make further progress on advancing the 
                human exploration roadmap to achieve human presence 
                beyond low-Earth orbit to the surface of Mars, as 
                required under section 432 of the National Aeronautics 
                and Space Administration Transition Authorization Act of 
                2017 (Public Law 115-10; 51 U.S.C. 20302 note);
                    (B) should fulfill the goal of landing United States 
                astronauts, including the first woman and the next man, 
                on the Moon; and
                    (C) should seek collaboration with commercial and 
                international partners to establish sustainable lunar 
                exploration, and should fund any sustainable lunar 
                activities not directly required for the advancement of 
                a human mission to Mars separately;
            (3) in carrying out the Artemis missions, the Administrator 
        should ensure that the entire Artemis program is inclusive and 
        representative of all people of the United States, including 
        women and minorities;
            (4) safe and successful execution of the roadmap to achieve 
        human presence on Mars, including the Artemis missions, 
        requires--

[[Page 136 STAT. 1732]]

                    (A) a clear strategic vision for achieving lunar and 
                Mars exploration that is shared by NASA, international 
                partners, nongovernmental partners, Congress, and the 
                people of the United States;
                    (B) a well-developed and executable timeline, 
                budget, and mission architecture, to inform decisions, 
                including decisions relating to workforce and 
                infrastructure needs and the development of technical 
                and nontechnical skills;
                    (C) consistent NASA oversight of all relevant 
                exploration activities, enabled by NASA leadership with 
                authority, responsibility, and accountability for 
                decisions and well-developed capabilities for systems 
                engineering and integration;
                    (D) clearly defined roles for NASA, international 
                partners, and nongovernmental partners, including 
                criteria for determining whether NASA should make, 
                manage, or buy key capabilities; and
                    (E) mechanisms to ensure NASA insight into the 
                activities of its international and nongovernmental 
                partners, as required to identify and mitigate risks to 
                mission safety and success.

    (b) <<NOTE: Deadlines.>>  Moon to Mars Office and Program.--
            (1) <<NOTE: Establishment.>> Moon to mars office.--Not later 
        than 120 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the 
        Administrator shall establish within the Exploration Systems 
        Development Mission Directorate a Moon to Mars Program Office 
        (referred to in this section as the ``Office'') to lead and 
        manage the Moon to Mars program established under paragraph (2), 
        including Artemis missions and activities.
            (2) Moon to mars program.--
                    (A) Establishment.--Not later than 120 days after 
                the date of the enactment of this Act, the Administrator 
                shall establish a Moon to Mars Program (referred to in 
                this section as the ``Program'') in accordance with 
                sections 20302(b) and 70504 of title 51, United States 
                Code, which shall include Artemis missions and 
                activities, to achieve the goal of human exploration of 
                Mars.
                    (B) Elements.--The Program shall include the 
                following elements:
                          (i) The Space Launch System under section 
                      20302 of title 51, United States Code.
                          (ii) The Orion crew vehicle under such 
                      section.
                          (iii) Exploration Ground Systems.
                          (iv) An outpost in orbit around the Moon under 
                      section 70504 of such title.
                          (v) Human-rated landing systems.
                          (vi) Spacesuits.
                          (vii) Any other element needed to meet the 
                      requirements for the Program.
                    (C) Direction.--The Administrator shall ensure 
                that--
                          (i) each Artemis mission demonstrates or 
                      advances a technology or operational concept that 
                      will enable human missions to Mars;
                          (ii) the Program incorporates each such 
                      mission into the human exploration roadmap under 
                      section

[[Page 136 STAT. 1733]]

                      432 of the National Aeronautics and Space 
                      Administration Transition Authorization Act of 
                      2017 (Public Law 115-10; 51 U.S.C. 20302 note); 
                      and
                          (iii) the Program includes cislunar space 
                      exploration activities that--
                                    (I) use a combination of launches of 
                                the Space Launch System and space 
                                transportation services from United 
                                States commercial providers, as 
                                appropriate, for each such mission;
                                    (II) plan for not fewer than 1 Space 
                                Launch System launch annually beginning 
                                after the first successful crewed launch 
                                of Orion on the Space Launch System, 
                                with a goal of 2 Space Launch System 
                                launches annually as soon as 
                                practicable; and
                                    (III) establish an outpost in orbit 
                                around the Moon that--
                                            (aa) demonstrates 
                                        technologies, systems, and 
                                        operational concepts directly 
                                        applicable to the space vehicle 
                                        that will be used to transport 
                                        humans to Mars;
                                            (bb) has the capability for 
                                        periodic human habitation; and
                                            (cc) functions as a point of 
                                        departure, return, or staging 
                                        for missions to multiple 
                                        locations on the lunar surface 
                                        or other destinations.
            (3) Director.--
                    (A) <<NOTE: Appointment.>> In general.--The 
                Administrator shall appoint a Director for the Program, 
                who shall lead the Office and report to the Associate 
                Administrator of the Exploration Systems Development 
                Mission Directorate.
                    (B) Accountability.--The Director shall have 
                accountability for risk management and shall have 
                authority, as consistent with NASA Space Flight Program 
                and Project Management requirements--
                          (i) to implement--
                                    (I) Program-level requirements; and
                                    (II) an architecture and program 
                                plan developed to meet such 
                                requirements;
                          (ii) to manage resources, personnel, and 
                      contracts necessary to implement the Program, as 
                      appropriate;
                          (iii) to manage cost, risk, schedule, and 
                      performance factors;
                          (iv) to direct and oversee a Program-wide 
                      systems engineering and integration and integrated 
                      risk management function; and
                          (v) to carry out other authorities, in 
                      accordance with Administration policies and 
                      procedures.
                    (C) Responsibilities.--The Director shall be 
                responsible for--
                          (i) developing and managing--
                                    (I) an integrated master plan, 
                                integrated master schedule, and 
                                integrated risk management procedures 
                                for the Program;
                                    (II) a Program-wide systems 
                                engineering and integration function as 
                                described in subsection (c);

[[Page 136 STAT. 1734]]

                                    (III) plans for technology and 
                                capabilities development;
                                    (IV) logistics support, science data 
                                management, communications, and other 
                                plans that are relevant to the functions 
                                of the Office; and
                                    (V) performance measures to assess 
                                the progress of the Program;
                          (ii) advising the Associate Administrator of 
                      the Exploration Systems Development Mission 
                      Directorate on the development of--
                                    (I) Program-level requirements, 
                                including for a human Mars orbital 
                                mission and a human mission to the 
                                surface of Mars; and
                                    (II) an architecture based on the 
                                requirements described in subclause (I); 
                                and
                          (iii) informing the Associate Administrator of 
                      the Administration on coordination among NASA 
                      centers, as required to most efficiently achieve 
                      the goals of the Program.

    (c) Systems Engineering and Integration.--The Director of the Office 
shall--
            (1) establish within the Office a Program-wide systems 
        engineering and integration function; and
            (2) <<NOTE: Appointment.>>  appoint a manager for such 
        function to manage systems engineering and integration 
        activities across the Program, including with respect to the 
        Program elements described in subsection (b)(2).

    (d) Implementation.--In the implementation of the Program, the 
Administrator shall ensure that--
            (1) for the purposes of reducing risk and complexity and 
        making the maximum use of taxpayer investments to date, in 
        conducting Artemis activities, the Administration does not take 
        any action in regard to the design of the Exploration Upper 
        Stage-enhanced Space Launch System that would preclude it from 
        carrying an integrated human-rated lunar landing system for 
        crewed lunar landing missions;
            (2) the Program maintains a robust series of ground-based 
        and in-flight testing activities, including, with respect to 
        each crewed system design, not less than 1 uncrewed flight test, 
        followed by a crewed flight test, as appropriate, prior to use 
        of the design on a human-rated lunar landing system or Mars 
        mission; and
            (3) human lunar landing missions under the Program, 
        including surface and in-space activities, are carried out 
        solely by government astronauts.

    (e) <<NOTE: Reports.>>  Study.--Not later than 180 days after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall submit to the 
appropriate committees of Congress a report detailing--
            (1) progress towards the establishment of--
                    (A) the Office, the Program, and the Program 
                architecture; and
                    (B) the integrated master plan, integrated master 
                schedule, and integrated risk management procedures for 
                the Program;
            (2) performance measures and milestones for the Program and 
        any interim assessment with respect to such performance 
        measures, as practicable;

[[Page 136 STAT. 1735]]

            (3) <<NOTE: Criteria. Determination.>>  initial criteria for 
        determining whether NASA should make, manage, or buy key 
        capabilities within the Program or engage with international 
        partners to access such capabilities;
            (4) <<NOTE: Strategies.>>  strategies to ensure consistent 
        insight into the activities of NASA partners, including 
        nongovernmental partners, as required to identify and mitigate 
        mission risks;
            (5) progress towards the establishment of a systems 
        engineering and integration function; and
            (6) <<NOTE: Time period. Effective date.>>  an annual budget 
        profile for resources required to implement the Program during 
        the 5-year period beginning on the date of the enactment of this 
        Act.
SEC. 10812. <<NOTE: 51 USC 20301 note.>>  SPACE LAUNCH SYSTEM 
                            CONFIGURATIONS.

    (a) Exploration Ground Systems Infrastructure.--The Administrator 
shall ensure that--
            (1) the necessary elements of a ground system infrastructure 
        are in place to enable the preparation and use of the Space 
        Launch System, specifically the Block 1 (at least 70 mt), Block 
        1B (at least 105 mt), and Block 2 (at least 130 mt) variants of 
        the Space Launch System; and
            (2) not fewer than 2 bays of the vehicle assembly building 
        of such ground system infrastructure are outfitted and dedicated 
        to support Space Launch System stacking and preparations.

    (b) Flight Rate and Safety.--After the first crewed lunar landing of 
the Administration's Moon to Mars activities, the Administrator shall, 
to the extent practicable, seek to carry out a flight rate of 2 
integrated Space Launch System and Orion crew vehicle missions annually 
until the lunar activities needed to enable a human mission to Mars are 
completed so as to maintain the critical human spaceflight production 
and operations skills necessary for the safety of human spaceflight 
activities in deep space.
    (c) Mobile Launch Platform.--
            (1) In general.--The Administrator is authorized to maintain 
        2 operational mobile launch platforms to enable the launch of 
        multiple configurations of the Space Launch System.
            (2) Second mobile launch platform.--
                    (A) <<NOTE: Deadline.>>  In general.--In 
                implementing paragraph (1), the Administrator shall take 
                all necessary steps to develop and complete a second 
                mobile launch platform, to be in place by 2026, to 
                support the first launch of the Block 1B variant of the 
                Space Launch System.
                    (B) Requirement.--Such second mobile launch platform 
                shall be sized and constructed to accommodate the Block 
                2 variant of the Space Launch System.

    (d) Reports.--The Administrator shall submit to Congress--
            (1) not later than 45 days after the date of the enactment 
        of this Act, a report on the steps the Administrator and 
        industry partners are taking--
                    (A) to address the cost, schedule, and performance 
                challenges in the development of the Mobile Launch-2 
                platform; and
                    (B) to ensure that such platform is ready for 
                operational use on a schedule that aligns with the 
                current plans for an Artemis IV launch, which is 
                currently anticipated in 2027; and

[[Page 136 STAT. 1736]]

            (2) <<NOTE: List. Estimate.>>  not later than 90 days after 
        such date of enactment, a report that contains a list of the key 
        milestones required for completing each of the Space Launch 
        System variants, and an estimated date on which such milestones 
        will be completed.

    (e) Exploration Upper Stage.--
            (1) In general.--To meet the capability requirements under 
        section 302(c)(2) of the National Aeronautics and Space 
        Administration Authorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 
        18322(c)(2)), the Administrator shall continue development of 
        the Exploration Upper Stage for the Space Launch System on a 
        schedule consistent with the Artemis IV lunar mission.
            (2) <<NOTE: Deadline.>>  Briefing.--Not later than 90 days 
        after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Administrator 
        shall brief the appropriate committees of Congress on the 
        development and scheduled availability of the Exploration Upper 
        Stage for the Artemis IV lunar mission.

    (f) Main Propulsion Test Article.--To meet the requirements under 
section 302(c)(3) of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration 
Authorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 18322(c)(3)), the Administrator may 
initiate development of a main propulsion test article for the 
integrated Exploration Upper Stage element of the Space Launch System, 
consistent with cost and schedule constraints, particularly for long-
lead propulsion hardware needed for flight.
SEC. 10813. <<NOTE: 51 USC 20301 note.>>  ROCKET ENGINE TEST 
                            INFRASTRUCTURE.

    (a) In General.--The Administrator shall, to the extent practicable, 
continue to carry out a program to modernize rocket propulsion test 
infrastructure at NASA facilities--
            (1) to increase capabilities;
            (2) to enhance safety;
            (3) to support propulsion development and testing; and
            (4) to foster the improvement of Government and commercial 
        space transportation and exploration.

    (b) Projects.--Projects funded under the program described in 
subsection (a) may include--
            (1) infrastructure and other facilities and systems relating 
        to rocket propulsion test stands and rocket propulsion testing;
            (2) enhancements to test facility capacity and flexibility; 
        and
            (3) such other projects as the Administrator considers 
        appropriate to meet the goals described in that subsection.

    (c) Requirements.--In carrying out the program under subsection (a), 
the Administrator shall--
            (1) to the extent practicable and appropriate, prioritize 
        investments in projects that enhance test and flight 
        certification capabilities, including for large thrust-level 
        atmospheric and altitude engines and engine systems, and multi-
        engine integrated test capabilities;
            (2) continue to make underutilized test facilities available 
        for commercial use on a reimbursable basis; and
            (3) ensure that no project carried out under this program 
        adversely impacts, delays, or defers testing or other activities 
        associated with facilities used for Government programs, 
        including--

[[Page 136 STAT. 1737]]

                    (A) the Space Launch System and the Exploration 
                Upper Stage of the Space Launch System;
                    (B) in-space propulsion to support exploration 
                missions; or
                    (C) nuclear propulsion testing.

    (d) Rule of Construction.--Nothing in this section shall preclude a 
NASA program, including the Space Launch System and the Exploration 
Upper Stage of the Space Launch System, from using the modernized test 
infrastructure developed under this section.
    (e) Working Capital Fund Study.--
            (1) <<NOTE: Reports.>>  In general.--Not later than 1 year 
        after the date of the enactment of this division, the 
        Administrator shall submit to the appropriate committees of 
        Congress a report on the use of the authority under section 
        30102 of title 51, United States Code, to promote increased use 
        of NASA rocket propulsion test infrastructure for research, 
        development, testing, and evaluation activities by other Federal 
        agencies, firms, associations, corporations, and educational 
        institutions.
            (2) Matters to be included.--The report required by 
        paragraph (1) shall include the following:
                    (A) <<NOTE: Assessment.>>  An assessment of prior 
                use, if any, of the authority under section 30102 of 
                title 51, United States Code, to improve testing 
                infrastructure.
                    (B) <<NOTE: Analysis.>>  An analysis of any barrier 
                to implementation of such authority for the purpose of 
                promoting increased use of NASA rocket propulsion test 
                infrastructure.
SEC. 10814. PEARL RIVER MAINTENANCE.

    (a) <<NOTE: Coordination. Plan.>>  In General.--The Administrator 
shall coordinate with the Chief of the Army Corps of Engineers on a 
comprehensive plan to ensure the continued navigability of the Pearl 
River and Little Lake channels sufficient to support NASA barge 
operations surrounding Stennis Space Center and the Michoud Assembly 
Facility.

    (b) Report to Congress.--Not later than 180 days after the date of 
the enactment of this division, the Administrator shall submit to the 
appropriate committees of Congress a report on efforts under subsection 
(a).
    (c) Appropriate Committees of Congress Defined.--In this section, 
the term ``appropriate committees of Congress'' means--
            (1) the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation, 
        the Committee on Environment and Public Works, and the Committee 
        on Appropriations of the Senate; and
            (2) the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology, the 
        Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure, and the 
        Committee on Appropriations of the House of Representatives.
SEC. 10815. EXTENSION AND MODIFICATION RELATING TO INTERNATIONAL 
                            SPACE STATION.

    (a) Policy.--Section 501(a) of the National Aeronautics and Space 
Administration Authorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 18351(a)) is amended 
by striking ``2024'' and inserting ``September 30, 2030''.
    (b) Maintenance of United States Segment and Assurance of Continued 
Operations.--Section 503(a) of the National Aeronautics and Space 
Administration Authorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 18353(a)) is amended 
by striking ``September 30, 2024'' and inserting ``September 30, 2030''.

[[Page 136 STAT. 1738]]

    (c) Research Capacity Allocation and Integration of Research 
Payloads.--Section 504(d) of the National Aeronautics and Space 
Administration Authorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 18354(d)) is 
amended--
            (1) in paragraph (1), in the first sentence--
                    (A) by striking ``As soon as practicable'' and all 
                that follows through ``2011,'' and inserting ``The''; 
                and
                    (B) by striking ``September 30, 2024'' and inserting 
                ``September 30, 2030''; and
            (2) in paragraph (2), in the third sentence, by striking 
        ``September 30, 2024'' and inserting ``September 30, 2030''.

    (d) Maintenance of Use.--
            (1) In general.--Section 70907 of title 51, United States 
        Code, is amended--
                    (A) in the section heading, by striking ``2024'' and 
                inserting ``2030'';
                    (B) in subsection (a), by striking ``September 30, 
                2024'' and inserting ``September 30, 2030''; and
                    (C) in subsection (b)(3), by striking ``September 
                30, 2024'' and inserting ``September 30, 2030''.
            (2) Conforming amendment.--The table of sections for chapter 
        709 of title 51, United States Code, <<NOTE: 51 USC 70901 
        prec.>>  is amended by striking the item relating to section 
        70907 and inserting the following:

``70907. Maintaining use through at least 2030.''.

    (e) Transition Plan Reports.--Section 50111(c)(2) of title 51, 
United States Code is amended--
            (1) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A), by striking 
        ``2023'' and inserting ``2028''; and
            (2) in subparagraph (J), by striking ``2028'' and inserting 
        ``2030''.

    (f) <<NOTE: Certifications.>>  Assessments and Report.--The 
Administrator shall--
            (1) <<NOTE: Time period. Analyses.>>  conduct a 
        comprehensive assessment of the viability of the ISS to operate 
        safely and support full and productive use through 2030, 
        including all necessary analyses to certify ISS operations 
        through 2030;
            (2) not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment 
        of this Act, submit to the Aerospace Safety Advisory Panel an 
        assessment of--
                    (A) the root cause of cracks and air leaks in the 
                Russian Service Module Transfer Tunnel;
                    (B) the certification of all United States systems 
                and modules to operate through 2030;
                    (C)(i) <<NOTE: Inventory.>>  an inventory of spares 
                or replacements for elements, systems, and equipment, 
                including systems certified under subparagraph (B), that 
                are currently produced, in inventory, or on order;
                    (ii) a description of the state of the readiness of 
                such spares and replacements; and
                    (iii) <<NOTE: Schedule.>>  a schedule for delivery 
                of such spares and replacements to the ISS, including 
                the planned transportation means for such delivery and 
                the estimated cost and schedule for procurement of such 
                spares and replacements and their delivery to the ISS; 
                and
                    (D) any other relevant data, information, or 
                analysis relevant to the safe and productive use of the 
                ISS through 2030; and

[[Page 136 STAT. 1739]]

            (3) not later than 240 days after the date of the enactment 
        of this Act, submit to the appropriate committees of Congress--
                    (A) a report on the results of the assessment 
                conducted under paragraph (1); and
                    (B) <<NOTE: Plan.>>  a plan to address any 
                recommendations of the Aerospace Safety Advisory Panel, 
                consistent with section 31101(c)(2) of title 51, United 
                States Code, with respect to such assessment.
SEC. 10816. <<NOTE: 51 USC 70901 note.>>  PRIORITIES FOR 
                            INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION.

    (a) In General. <<NOTE: Assessment.>> --The Administrator shall 
assess International Space Station research activities and shall ensure 
that crew time and resources allocated to the Administration for use on 
the International Space Station prioritize--
            (1) the research of the Human Research Program, including 
        research on and development of countermeasures relevant to 
        reducing human health and performance risks, behavioral and 
        psychological risks, and other astronaut safety risks related to 
        long-duration human spaceflight;
            (2) risk reduction activities relevant to exploration 
        technologies, including for the Environmental Control and Life 
        Support System, extravehicular activity and space suits, 
        environmental monitoring, safety, emergency response, and deep 
        space communications;
            (3) the advancement of United States leadership in basic and 
        applied space life and physical science research, consistent 
        with the priorities of the most recent space life and physical 
        sciences decadal survey of the National Academies of Sciences, 
        Engineering, and Medicine; and
            (4) other research and development activities identified by 
        the Administrator as essential to Moon to Mars activities.

    (b) Reports.--
            (1) Assessment and prioritization.--Not later than 180 days 
        after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Administrator 
        shall submit to the appropriate committees of Congress a report 
        on--
                    (A) the assessment; and
                    (B) the steps taken to achieve the prioritization 
                required by subsection (a).
            (2) Space flight participants.--Not later than 120 days 
        after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Administrator 
        shall submit to the appropriate committees of Congress a report 
        on measures taken, with respect to space flight participants 
        aboard the ISS, to ensure government astronaut safety, to avoid 
        interference in ISS operations and research priorities, and to 
        prevent undue demands on crew time and resources.
            (3) Annual progress reports.--Concurrent with the annual 
        budget submission of the President to Congress under section 
        1105(a) of title 31, United States Code, the Administrator shall 
        provide to the appropriate committees of Congress an annual 
        accounting of the use of Administration crew time and ISS 
        resources, including the allocation of such resources toward the 
        priorities described in subsection (a).

[[Page 136 STAT. 1740]]

SEC. 10817. TECHNICAL AMENDMENTS RELATING TO ARTEMIS MISSIONS.

    (a) Section 421 of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration 
Authorization Act of 2017 (Public Law 115-10; 51 U.S.C. 20301 note) is 
amended--
            (1) in subsection (c)(3)--
                    (A) by striking ``EM-1'' and inserting ``Artemis 
                I'';
                    (B) by striking ``EM-2'' and inserting ``Artemis 
                II''; and
                    (C) by striking ``EM-3'' and inserting ``Artemis 
                III''; and
            (2) in subsection (f)(3), by striking ``EM-3'' and inserting 
        ``Artemis III''.

    (b) Section 432(b) of the National Aeronautics and Space 
Administration Authorization Act of 2017 (Public Law 115-10; 51 U.S.C. 
20302 note) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (3)(D)--
                    (A) by striking ``EM-1'' and inserting ``Artemis 
                I''; and
                    (B) by striking ``EM-2'' and inserting ``Artemis 
                II''; and
            (2) in paragraph (4)(C), by striking ``EM-3'' and inserting 
        ``Artemis III''.

                           Subtitle B--Science

SEC. 10821. <<NOTE: 51 USC 20102 note.>>  SCIENCE PRIORITIES.

    (a) Sense of Congress on Science Portfolio.--It is the sense of 
Congress that--
            (1) a balanced and adequately funded set of activities, 
        consisting of research and analysis grant programs, technology 
        development, suborbital research activities, and small, medium, 
        and large space missions, contributes to a robust and productive 
        science program and serves as a catalyst for innovation and 
        discovery; and
            (2) the Research and Analysis programs funded by the Science 
        Mission Directorate are critically important for--
                    (A) preparing the next generation of space and Earth 
                scientists;
                    (B) pursuing peer-reviewed cutting-edge research;
                    (C) maximizing scientific return from the 
                Administration's space and Earth science missions; and
                    (D) developing innovative techniques and future 
                mission concepts.

    (b) <<NOTE: Deadline.>>  Goal.--The Administrator shall pursue the 
goal of establishing annual funding for Research and Analysis in the 
Science Mission Directorate that reaches a level of not less than 10 
percent of the total annual funding of relevant divisions of the Science 
Mission Directorate by fiscal year 2025.
SEC. 10822. <<NOTE: 51 USC 20301 note.>>  SEARCH FOR LIFE.

    (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
            (1) the report entitled ``An Astrobiology Strategy for the 
        Search for Life in the Universe'' published by the National 
        Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine outlines key 
        scientific questions and methods on the search for the origin, 
        evolution, distribution, and future of life in the universe; and

[[Page 136 STAT. 1741]]

            (2) the interaction of lifeforms with their environment, a 
        central focus of astrobiology research, is a topic of broad 
        significance to life sciences research in space and on Earth.

    (b) Program Continuation.--
            (1) In general.--The Administrator shall continue to 
        implement a collaborative, multidisciplinary science and 
        technology development program to search for evidence of the 
        existence or historical existence of life beyond Earth in 
        support of--
                    (A) the scientific priorities of the most recent 
                decadal surveys on planetary science and astrobiology 
                and astronomy and astrophysics of the National Academies 
                of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine; and
                    (B) the objective described in section 20102(d)(10) 
                of title 51, United States Code.
            (2) Element.--The program under paragraph (1) shall include 
        activities relating to astronomy, biology, geology, and 
        planetary science.
            (3) Coordination with life sciences program.--In carrying 
        out the program under paragraph (1), the Administrator shall 
        coordinate efforts with the life sciences program of the 
        Administration.
            (4) Instrumentation and sensor technology.--In carrying out 
        the program under paragraph (1), the Administrator may invest in 
        the development of new instrumentation and sensor technology.
            (5) Technosignatures.--In carrying out the program under 
        paragraph (1), the Administrator may support, as appropriate, 
        merit-reviewed, competitively selected research on 
        technosignatures.
SEC. 10823. NEXT GENERATION OF ASTROPHYSICS GREAT OBSERVATORIES.

    (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
            (1) NASA's Great Observatories, a suite of space-based 
        telescopes launched over the course of 2 decades and comprised 
        of the Hubble Space Telescope, Compton Gamma-Ray Observatory, 
        Chandra X-Ray Observatory, and Spitzer Space Telescope, have 
        enabled major scientific advances across a broad range of 
        astrophysics disciplines, including with respect to the origins 
        of planets, the formation and evolution of stars and galaxies, 
        fundamental physics, and the structure of the universe;
            (2) the decadal survey of the National Academies of Science, 
        Engineering, and Medicine entitled ``Pathways to Discovery in 
        Astronomy and Astrophysics for the 2020s'' recommends a vision 
        to understand the relationships between stars and the bodies 
        that orbit them by ``looking'' at the universe through a range 
        of observations, including radio, optical, gamma rays, 
        neutrinos, and gravitational waves, in order to understand the 
        origin and evolution of galaxies;
            (3) the United States and NASA are uniquely poised--
                    (A) to lead the world in the implementation of the 
                next generation of Great Observatories, as recommended 
                in such decadal survey, including implementation of an 
                observatory to search for biosignatures of exoplanets in 
                the habitable zone;

[[Page 136 STAT. 1742]]

                    (B) to address the most compelling scientific 
                questions of the next decade; and
                    (C) to transform not only our understanding of the 
                universe and the processes and physical paradigms that 
                govern the universe, but also the place of humanity in 
                the universe;
            (4) the Administrator should pursue an ambitious 
        astrophysics program that meets the scientific vision of the 
        astronomical community and the transformative capacity of 
        technological innovation; and
            (5) in implementing astrophysics research, in order to avoid 
        the major growth in the cost of astrophysics flagship-class 
        missions that has the potential to impact the overall portfolio 
        balance of the Science Mission Directorate, the Administrator 
        should seek to implement lessons learned from previous 
        astrophysics missions, including by--
                    (A) establishing sufficient cost and schedule 
                reserves;
                    (B) demonstrating in advance of preliminary design 
                review, as practicable and appropriate, the maturity of 
                necessary technologies through prototype demonstrations 
                in a relevant environment;
                    (C) <<NOTE: Updates.>>  providing for regular 
                updates to the cost, schedule, and risk of a project; 
                and
                    (D) considering, as feasible, the impacts of cost 
                and schedule changes across the Science Mission 
                Directorate.

    (b) Nancy Grace Roman Telescope.--
            (1) In general.--The Administrator shall continue 
        development of the Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope (commonly 
        known as the ``Roman telescope'' and formerly known as the 
        ``Wide Field Infrared Survey Telescope'') in the configuration 
        established through critical design review, to meet the 
        objectives prioritized in the 2010 decadal survey of astronomy 
        and astrophysics of the National Academies of Sciences, 
        Engineering, and Medicine.
            (2) <<NOTE: Applicability.>>  Cost and schedule.--Section 
        30104 of title 51, United States Code shall apply to the 
        development of the Roman telescope under paragraph (1).
            (3) Quarterly reports.--Not less frequently than quarterly, 
        the Administrator shall submit to the appropriate committees of 
        Congress a report on the progress of the development of the 
        Roman telescope and the budget profile and schedule relative to 
        the baseline plan for such development.
SEC. 10824. <<NOTE: 51 USC 60501 note.>>  EARTH SCIENCE MISSIONS 
                            AND PROGRAMS.

    (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
            (1) the Earth science and applications program of the 
        Administration provides increasingly valuable data for natural 
        resource management, agriculture, forestry, food security, air 
        quality monitoring, and many other application areas; and
            (2) a robust and balanced Earth science and applications 
        program contributes significantly to--
                    (A) the scientific discovery and economic growth of 
                the United States; and
                    (B) supporting the health and safety of the people 
                of the United States and the citizens of the world.

    (b) Reaffirmation.--Congress reaffirms the goal for the 
Administration's Earth science and applications program set forth

[[Page 136 STAT. 1743]]

in section 60501 of title 51, United States Code, which states: ``The 
goal for the Administration's Earth Science program shall be to pursue a 
program of Earth observations, research, and applications activities to 
better understand the Earth, how it supports life, and how human 
activities affect its ability to do so in the future. In pursuit of this 
goal, the Administration's Earth Science program shall ensure that 
securing practical benefits for society will be an important measure of 
its success in addition to securing new knowledge about the Earth system 
and climate change. In further pursuit of this goal, the Administration 
shall, together with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 
and other relevant agencies, provide United States leadership in 
developing and carrying out a cooperative international Earth 
observations-based research program.''.
    (c) Earth Science Missions and Programs.--With respect to the 
missions and programs of the Earth Science Division, the Administrator 
shall, to the maximum extent practicable, follow the recommendations and 
guidance provided by the scientific community through the decadal survey 
for Earth science and applications from space of the National Academies 
of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, including--
            (1) the science priorities described in such survey;
            (2) the execution of the series of existing or previously 
        planned observations (commonly known as the ``program of 
        record''); and
            (3) the development of a range of missions of all classes, 
        including opportunities for principal investigator-led, 
        competitively selected missions.

    (d) Earth System Observatory.--The Administrator shall pursue an 
Earth System Observatory, which shall consist of an array of new and 
complementary Earth-observing scientific satellites, instruments, and 
missions--
            (1) to address the recommendations of the 2018 Earth science 
        and applications decadal survey of the National Academies of 
        Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine entitled ``Thriving on our 
        Changing Planet'', including by conducting priority observations 
        in--
                    (A) aerosols;
                    (B) cloud convection and precipitation;
                    (C) mass change;
                    (D) surface biology and geology;
                    (E) surface deformation and change; and
                    (F) other observation areas designated as high-
                priority by such decadal survey; and
            (2) to achieve the goal of the Earth Science Program set 
        forth in section 60501 of title 51, United States Code.

    (e) Survey of Use of Earth Observation Data by States, Tribes, and 
Territories.--
            (1) Survey.--The Administrator shall arrange for the conduct 
        of a survey of the use of NASA Earth observation data by States, 
        Tribal organizations, and territories.
            (2) <<NOTE: Deadline.>>  Submission.--Not later than 18 
        months after the date of the enactment of this Act, the 
        Administrator shall submit to the appropriate committees of 
        Congress the results of the survey conducted under paragraph 
        (1).

    (f) Climate Architecture Plan.--The Administrator shall--

[[Page 136 STAT. 1744]]

            (1) maintain a comprehensive, strategic Climate Architecture 
        Plan for Earth Observations and Applications from Space that 
        describes an integrated and balanced program of Earth science 
        and applications observations to advance science, policy, and 
        applications and societal benefits; and
            (2) <<NOTE: Update. Time period.>>  update such plan every 5 
        years so as to align with the release of the decadal surveys in 
        Earth science and applications from space and the mid-decade 
        assessments of the National Academics of Sciences, Engineering, 
        and Medicine.
SEC. 10825. <<NOTE:  51 USC 71101 note prec.>>  PLANETARY DEFENSE 
                            COORDINATION OFFICE.

    (a) Findings.--Congress makes the following findings:
            (1) Near-Earth objects remain a threat to the United States.
            (2) Section 321(d)(1) of the National Aeronautics and Space 
        Administration Authorization Act of 2005 (Public Law 109-155; 
        119 Stat. 2922; 51 U.S.C. 71101 note prec.), established a 
        requirement that the Administrator plan, develop, and implement 
        a Near-Earth Object Survey program to detect, track, catalogue, 
        and characterize the physical characteristics of near-Earth 
        objects equal to, or greater than, 140 meters in diameter in 
        order to assess the threat of such near-Earth objects to the 
        Earth, with the goal of 90 percent completion of the catalogue 
        of such near-Earth objects by December 30, 2020.
            (3) The goal described in paragraph (2) has not be met.
            (4) The report of the National Academies of Sciences, 
        Engineering, and Medicine entitled ``Finding Hazardous Asteroids 
        Using Infrared and Visible Wavelength Telescopes'', issued in 
        2019, states that--
                    (A) NASA should develop and launch a dedicated 
                space-based infrared survey telescope to meet the 
                requirements of section 321(d)(1) of the National 
                Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act 
                of 2005 (Public Law 109-155; 119 Stat. 2922; 51 U.S.C. 
                71101 note prec.); and
                    (B) the early detection of potentially hazardous 
                near-Earth objects enabled by a space-based infrared 
                survey telescope is important to enable deflection of a 
                dangerous asteroid.

    (b) Maintenance of Planetary Defense Coordination Office.--The 
Administrator shall maintain an office within the Planetary Science 
Division of the Science Mission Directorate, to be known as the 
``Planetary Defense Coordination Office''--
            (1) to plan, develop, and implement a program to survey 
        threats posed by near-Earth objects equal to or greater than 140 
        meters in diameter, as required by section 321(d)(1) of the 
        National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act 
        of 2005 (Public Law 109-155; 119 Stat. 2922; 51 U.S.C. 71101 
        note prec.);
            (2) identify, track, and characterize potentially hazardous 
        near-Earth objects, issue warnings of the effects of potential 
        impacts of such objects, and investigate strategies and 
        technologies for mitigating the potential impacts of such 
        objects; and
            (3) assist in coordinating government planning for response 
        to a potential impact of a near-Earth object.

    (c) Dedicated Survey Mission.--
            (1) Sense of congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--

[[Page 136 STAT. 1745]]

                    (A) the Near-Earth Object Surveyor mission, as 
                designed, is anticipated to make significant progress 
                toward carrying out congressional policy and direction, 
                as set forth in section 321(d)(1) of the National 
                Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act 
                of 2005 (Public Law 109-155; 119 Stat. 2922; 51 U.S.C. 
                71101 note prec.), to detect 90 percent of near-Earth 
                objects equal to, or greater than, 140 meters in 
                diameter; and
                    (B) the Administrator should prioritize the public 
                safety role of the Near-Earth Object Surveyor mission 
                and should not delay the development and launch of the 
                mission due to cost growth on other planetary science 
                missions.
            (2) Continuation of mission.--
                    (A) <<NOTE: Deadline.>>  In general.--The 
                Administrator shall continue the development of a 
                dedicated space-based infrared survey telescope mission, 
                known as the ``Near-Earth Object Surveyor'', on a 
                schedule to achieve a launch-readiness date not later 
                than March 30, 2026, or the earliest practicable date, 
                for the purpose of accomplishing the objectives set 
                forth in section 321(d)(1) of the National Aeronautics 
                and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2005 
                (Public Law 109-155; 119 Stat. 2922; 51 U.S.C. 71101 
                note prec.).
                    (B) Consideration of recommendations.--The design of 
                the mission described in subparagraph (A) shall take 
                into account the recommendations of the 2019 report of 
                the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and 
                Medicine entitled ``Finding Hazardous Asteroids Using 
                Infrared and Visible Wavelength Telescopes'', the 
                planetary science decadal survey, and the 2018 United 
                States National Near-Earth Object Preparedness Strategy 
                and Action Plan.

    (d) Annual Report.--Section 321(f) of the National Aeronautics and 
Space Administration Authorization Act of 2005 (Public Law 109-155; 119 
Stat. 2922; 51 U.S.C. 71101 note prec.) is amended to read as follows:
    ``(f) Annual Report.--Not later than 180 days after the date of the 
enactment of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration 
Authorization Act of 2022 and annually thereafter through 90-percent 
completion of the catalogue required by subsection (d)(1), the 
Administrator shall submit to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and 
Transportation of the Senate and the Committee on Science, Space, and 
Technology of the House of Representatives a report that includes the 
following:
            ``(1) <<NOTE: Summary. Time period.>>  A summary of all 
        activities carried out by the Planetary Defense Coordination 
        Office established under section 10825 of the National 
        Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2022 
        since the date of enactment of that Act.
            ``(2) A description of the progress with respect to the 
        design, development, and launch of the space-based infrared 
        survey telescope required by section 10825(c) of the National 
        Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2022.
            ``(3) <<NOTE: Assessment.>>  An assessment of the progress 
        toward meeting the requirements under subsection (d)(1).
            ``(4) A description of the status of efforts to coordinate 
        and cooperate with other countries to detect hazardous

[[Page 136 STAT. 1746]]

        asteroids and comets, plan a mitigation strategy, and implement 
        that strategy in the event of the discovery of an object on a 
        likely collision course with Earth.
            ``(5) <<NOTE: Summary. Time period.>>  A summary of 
        expenditures for all activities carried out by the Planetary 
        Defense Coordination Office since the date of enactment of the 
        National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act 
        of 2022''.

    (e) Near-earth Object Defined.--In this section, the term ``near-
Earth object'' has the meaning given the term in section 321(c) of the 
National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2005 
(Public Law 109-155; 119 Stat. 2922; 51 U.S.C. 71101 note prec.).

                         Subtitle C--Aeronautics

SEC. 10831. <<NOTE: 51 USC 40102 note.>>  EXPERIMENTAL AIRCRAFT 
                            PROJECTS.

    (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
            (1) developing high-risk, precompetitive aerospace 
        technologies for which there is not yet a profit rationale is a 
        fundamental role of the Administration;
            (2) large-scale flight test experimentation and validation 
        are necessary for--
                    (A) transitioning new technologies and materials, 
                including associated manufacturing processes, for 
                aviation and aeronautics use; and
                    (B) capturing the full extent of benefits from 
                investments made by the Aeronautics Research Mission 
                Directorate; and
            (3) a level of funding that adequately supports large-scale 
        flight test experimentation and validation, including related 
        infrastructure, should be ensured over a sustained period of 
        time to restore the capacity of the Administration--
                    (A) to see legacy priority programs through to 
                completion; and
                    (B) to achieve national economic and security 
                objectives.

    (b) Statement of Policy.--It is the policy of the United States--
            (1) to maintain world leadership in--
                    (A) civilian aeronautical science and technology; 
                and
                    (B) aerospace industrialization; and
            (2) to maintain as a fundamental objective of the 
        aeronautics research of the Administration the steady 
        progression and expansion of flight research and capabilities, 
        including the science and technology of critical underlying 
        disciplines and competencies, such as--
                    (A) computational-based analytical and predictive 
                tools and methodologies;
                    (B) aerothermodynamics;
                    (C) propulsion;
                    (D) advanced materials and manufacturing processes;
                    (E) high-temperature structures and materials; and
                    (F) guidance, navigation, and flight controls.

    (c) Experimental Aircraft Flight Demonstrations.--

[[Page 136 STAT. 1747]]

            (1) In general.--In meeting the objectives described in 
        subsection (b), the Administrator shall carry out experimental 
        aircraft demonstrations, including--
                    (A) a subsonic demonstrator to demonstrate the 
                performance and feasibility of advanced, ultra-
                efficient, and low emissions subsonic flight 
                demonstrator configurations;
                    (B) a low boom flight demonstrator to validate 
                design tools and technologies that can be applied to low 
                sonic boom commercial supersonic aircraft and support 
                the development of a noise-based standard for supersonic 
                overland flight; and
                    (C) a flight research demonstrator to test the 
                performance and feasibility of advanced, ultra-efficient 
                and net-zero emissions aircraft concepts and 
                configurations.
            (2) Elements.--For each demonstration under paragraph (1), 
        the Administrator shall--
                    (A) include the development of experimental aircraft 
                and all necessary supporting flight test assets;
                    (B) pursue a robust technology maturation and flight 
                test validation effort;
                    (C) improve necessary facilities, flight testing 
                capabilities, and computational tools to support the 
                demonstration;
                    (D) award any primary contracts for design, 
                procurement, and manufacturing to United States persons, 
                consistent with international obligations and 
                commitments; and
                    (E) <<NOTE: Coordination.>>  coordinate research and 
                flight test demonstration activities with other Federal 
                agencies and the United States aviation community, as 
                the Administrator considers appropriate.
            (3) United states person defined.--In this subsection, the 
        term ``United States person'' means--
                    (A) a United States citizen or an alien lawfully 
                admitted for permanent residence to the United States; 
                or
                    (B) an entity organized under the laws of the United 
                States or of any jurisdiction within the United States, 
                including a foreign branch of such an entity.

    (d) Collaboration With Industry and Academia.--The Administration 
shall seek means to expand collaboration with industry and academia on 
basic research and technology development related to experimental 
aircraft, and on the experimental aircraft demonstrations required by 
subsection (c).
    (e) Advanced Materials and Manufacturing Technology Program.--
            (1) In general.--The Administrator may establish an advanced 
        materials and manufacturing technology program--
                    (A) to develop--
                          (i) new materials, including composite and 
                      high-temperature materials, from base material 
                      formulation through full-scale structural 
                      validation and manufacture;
                          (ii) advanced materials and manufacturing 
                      processes, including additive manufacturing, to 
                      reduce the cost of manufacturing scale-up and 
                      certification for use in aeronautics; and

[[Page 136 STAT. 1748]]

                          (iii) noninvasive or nondestructive techniques 
                      for testing or evaluating aviation and aeronautics 
                      structures, including for materials and 
                      manufacturing processes;
                    (B) to reduce the time it takes to design, 
                industrialize, and certify advanced materials and 
                manufacturing processes;
                    (C) to provide education and training opportunities 
                for the aerospace workforce; and
                    (D) to address global cost and human capital 
                competitiveness for United States aeronautical 
                industries and technological leadership in advanced 
                materials and manufacturing technology.
            (2) Elements.--In carrying out a program under paragraph 
        (1), the Administrator may--
                    (A) build on work that was carried out by the 
                Advanced Composites Project of the Administration;
                    (B) partner with the private and academic sectors, 
                such as members of the Advanced Composites Consortium of 
                the Administration, the Joint Advanced Materials and 
                Structures Center of Excellence of the Federal Aviation 
                Administration, the Manufacturing USA institutes of the 
                Department of Commerce, and national laboratories, as 
                the Administrator considers appropriate;
                    (C) provide a structure for managing intellectual 
                property generated by the program based on or consistent 
                with the structure established for the Advanced 
                Composites Consortium of the Administration;
                    (D) ensure adequate Federal cost share for 
                applicable research; and
                    (E) <<NOTE: Coordination.>>  coordinate with 
                advanced manufacturing and composites initiatives in 
                other mission directorates of the Administration, as the 
                Administrator considers appropriate.

    (f) Research Partnerships.--In carrying out the demonstrations under 
subsection (c) and a program under subsection (e), the Administrator may 
engage in cooperative research programs with--
            (1) academia; and
            (2) commercial aviation and aerospace manufacturers.
SEC. 10832. <<NOTE: 51 USC 40113 note.>>  UNMANNED AIRCRAFT 
                            SYSTEMS.

    (a) Unmanned Aircraft Systems Operation Program.--The Administrator 
shall--
            (1) research and test capabilities and concepts, including 
        unmanned aircraft systems communications, for integrating 
        unmanned aircraft systems into the national airspace system;
            (2) leverage the partnership NASA has with industry focused 
        on the advancement of technologies for future air traffic 
        management systems for unmanned aircraft systems; and
            (3) continue to leverage the research and testing portfolio 
        of NASA to inform the integration of unmanned aircraft systems 
        into the national airspace system, consistent with public safety 
        and national security objectives.

    (b) Sense of Congress on Coordination With Federal Aviation 
Administration.--It is the sense of Congress that--
            (1) NASA should continue--

[[Page 136 STAT. 1749]]

                    (A) to coordinate with the Federal Aviation 
                Administration on research on air traffic management 
                systems for unmanned aircraft systems; and
                    (B) to assist the Federal Aviation Administration in 
                the integration of air traffic management systems for 
                unmanned aircraft systems into the national airspace 
                system; and
            (2) the test ranges (as defined in section 44801 of title 
        49, United States Code) should continue to be leveraged for 
        research on--
                    (A) air traffic management systems for unmanned 
                aircraft systems; and
                    (B) the integration of such systems into the 
                national airspace system.
SEC. 10833. CLEANER, QUIETER AIRPLANES.

    (a) Initiative Required.--Section 40112 of title 51, United States 
Code, is amended--
            (1) by redesignating subsections (b) through (f) as 
        subsections (c) through (g), respectively; and
            (2) by inserting after subsection (a) the following:

    ``(b) Research and Development Initiative on Reduction of Greenhouse 
Gas and Noise Emissions From Aircraft.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Administrator shall establish an 
        initiative to research, develop, and demonstrate new 
        technologies and concepts--
                    ``(A) to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from 
                aviation, including carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides, 
                other greenhouse gases, water vapor, black carbon and 
                sulfate aerosols, and increased cloudiness due to 
                contrail formation;
                    ``(B) to reduce aviation noise emissions; and
                    ``(C) to enable associated aircraft performance 
                characteristics.
            ``(2) Goals.--The goals of the initiative required by 
        paragraph (1) shall be--
                    ``(A) to ensure United States leadership in research 
                and technology innovation leading to substantial 
                reductions in aviation noise and greenhouse gas 
                emissions;
                    ``(B) to enhance and expand basic research, and the 
                translation of basic research into applications, that 
                may lead to transformational advances in reducing 
                aviation noise and greenhouse gas emissions;
                    ``(C) to accelerate research and development that 
                contributes to maturing new technologies for reducing 
                aircraft noise and greenhouse gas emissions; and
                    ``(D) <<NOTE: Data.>>  to obtain and disseminate 
                associated testing and performance data that facilitates 
                the incorporation of new technologies into commercial 
                aircraft development as soon as practicable.
            ``(3) Objectives.--The objectives of the initiative 
        established under paragraph (1) and the goals described in 
        paragraph (2) shall include--
                    ``(A) as soon as practicable, a reduction of 
                greenhouse gas emissions from new aircraft by at least 
                50 percent, as compared to the highest-performing 
                aircraft technologies in service as of December 31, 
                2021;

[[Page 136 STAT. 1750]]

                    ``(B) noise levels from aircraft throughout all 
                phases of flight that do not exceed ambient noise levels 
                in the absence of flight operations in the vicinity of 
                the flight route;
                    ``(C) <<NOTE: Deadline.>>  net-zero greenhouse gas 
                emissions from aircraft by 2050; and
                    ``(D) <<NOTE: Deadlines.>>  demonstration of new 
                technologies developed pursuant to such initiative on--
                          ``(i) regional aircraft intended to enter into 
                      service by 2030; and
                          ``(ii) single-aisle aircraft designed to 
                      accommodate more than 125 passengers intended to 
                      enter into service by 2040.''.

    (b) <<NOTE: 51 USC 40112 note.>>  Technology Focus Areas.--In 
carrying out the research and development initiative established under 
section 40112(b) of title 51, United States Code, the Administrator 
shall advance research, development, and demonstration projects on 
promising technologies such as--
            (1) advanced subsonic propulsion technology, design, and 
        integration;
            (2) electric and hybrid-electric propulsion, including 
        battery electric and hydrogen fuel cell electric systems;
            (3) airframe concepts and configurations;
            (4) analysis of technology options, including cost-benefit 
        analysis of greenhouse gas and noise emissions reduction 
        technologies;
            (5) analytical tools for system-level and system-of-systems-
        level modeling and integration;
            (6) airspace operations improvements;
            (7) noise emissions reduction; and
            (8) any other effort, as determined by the Administration, 
        that contributes to a sustainable future for aviation.

    (c) Implementation.--In implementing the initiative established 
under section 40112(b) of title 51, United States Code, the 
Administrator shall, to the extent practicable--
            (1) <<NOTE: Data.>>  ensure that testing and performance 
        data integrates the results of community acceptance surveys 
        conducted by the Federal Aviation Administration and other 
        relevant studies, including studies on the impacts of new noise 
        effects from novel propulsion systems and from airspace 
        operations changes;
            (2) <<NOTE: Data.>>  provide testing and performance data on 
        the technologies described in subsection (b) of this section to 
        the Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration to 
        facilitate the work of the Federal Aviation Administration in 
        identifying new requirements for policy, infrastructure, and 
        administrative capacity necessary to enable the safe integration 
        of such technologies on aircraft;
            (3) pursue partnerships with organizations, current 
        commercial production aircraft providers, academic institutions, 
        small businesses, and new entrants, including partnerships to 
        advance research and development activities related to both 
        regional aircraft and aircraft designed to accommodate more than 
        125 passengers;
            (4) include universities, academic institutions, and other 
        research organizations in the partnerships described in 
        paragraph (3);
            (5) expand basic research;

[[Page 136 STAT. 1751]]

            (6) ensure equity in research sponsorship of, and 
        partnership opportunities with, underrepresented students, 
        faculty, and minority-serving-institutions;
            (7) <<NOTE: Coordination.>>  continue to coordinate with the 
        Secretary of Energy on battery technology research;
            (8) make available the research and development carried out 
        under the initiative established under subsection (b) of section 
        40112 of title 51, United States Code, to help enable an 
        industry-wide shift toward aircraft concepts that reduce 
        greenhouse gas emissions and aircraft noise to achieve the goals 
        and objectives under paragraphs (2) and (3) of that subsection; 
        and
            (9) <<NOTE: Deadline.>>  continue to support research, 
        development, and demonstration of aircraft concepts, including 
        systems architecture, materials and components, integration of 
        systems and airframe structures, human factors, airspace 
        planning and operations, and the integration of related advanced 
        technologies and concepts, with the goal of carrying out test 
        flights with integrated subsystems by 2025.

    (d) Annual Report.--Not later than 1 year after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter, the Administrator shall 
submit to the appropriate committees of Congress a report on the 
progress of the efforts carried out under the initiative established 
under subsection (b) of section 40112 of title 51, United States Code, 
including--
            (1) the status of progress on such initiative;
            (2) <<NOTE: Update. Timeframe.>>  an updated, anticipated 
        timeframe for readiness of technologies and aircraft to be 
        adopted by industry with the emissions reduction levels directed 
        under that subsection; and
            (3) an identification of fundamental aeronautics research 
        activities contributing to achieving the goals and objectives of 
        such initiative, as described in paragraphs (2) and (3) of that 
        subsection, and a description of any obstacles to achieving such 
        goals and objectives.

                      Subtitle D--Space Technology

SEC. 10841. <<NOTE: 51 USC 20301 note.>>  SPACE NUCLEAR 
                            CAPABILITIES.

    (a) Nuclear Propulsion.--
            (1) Use in robotic and human exploration activities.--The 
        Administrator, in collaboration with other relevant Federal 
        agencies and with industry, shall take all necessary steps to 
        carry out research and development, ground-based testing and in-
        space testing, and other associated activities to enable the use 
        of space nuclear propulsion in Administration robotic and human 
        exploration activities, including in cargo missions to Mars in 
        the late 2020's and crewed missions to Mars in the 2030's.
            (2) Space nuclear propulsion program.--
                    (A) In general.--The Administrator shall establish a 
                space nuclear propulsion program to carry out the 
                activities described in paragraph (1).
                    (B) Elements.--The program established under 
                subparagraph (A) shall include the following:

[[Page 136 STAT. 1752]]

                          (i) <<NOTE: Deadline.>>  Research and 
                      development in both nuclear electric and nuclear 
                      thermal propulsion technology maturation efforts, 
                      to the extent practicable, and the development of 
                      consistent figures of merit across both nuclear 
                      electric and nuclear thermal systems, as 
                      recommended by the National Academies of Sciences, 
                      Engineering, and Medicine in the report entitled 
                      ``Space Nuclear Propulsion for Human Mars 
                      Exploration'', so as to inform a down-selection of 
                      a nuclear electric or nuclear thermal propulsion 
                      system by 2026, or as early as practicable.
                          (ii) Ground-based testing, to the extent 
                      practicable, including not less than 1 ground-
                      based test of a full-scale, integrated nuclear 
                      propulsion system before any in-space test or 
                      demonstration of such system.
                          (iii) In-space demonstration of a nuclear 
                      propulsion system in the late 2020's, which may be 
                      carried out as a cargo mission to Mars.
            (3) <<NOTE: Mars.>>  Plan.--
                    (A) <<NOTE: Deadline.>>  In general.--Not later than 
                180 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, 
                the Administrator shall submit to the appropriate 
                committees of Congress a plan to achieve an in-space 
                flight test of a nuclear propulsion system that could 
                support the first crewed mission to Mars in the 2030's.
                    (B) Elements.--The plan required by subparagraph (A) 
                shall include the following:
                          (i) <<NOTE: Timeline.>>  A timeline to mature 
                      enabling technologies and an outline of major 
                      milestones for integration of such technologies 
                      into the larger nuclear propulsion system.
                          (ii) <<NOTE: Cost estimate.>>  A cost estimate 
                      for maturing such technologies.
                          (iii) A description of facility requirements 
                      for the program under paragraph (2) associated 
                      with such technologies.
                          (iv) <<NOTE: Determination.>>  A description 
                      of the manner in which the Administrator will use 
                      the efforts described in paragraph (2)(B) to 
                      determine whether the in-space flight test should 
                      demonstrate a nuclear electric propulsion system 
                      or a nuclear thermal propulsion system.
                    (C) An identification of any policy or regulatory 
                challenges or barriers to conducting such in-space test 
                or any precursor ground-based testing, and a description 
                of options for addressing such challenges or barriers.

    (b) Nuclear Surface Power Program.--
            (1) Establishment.--The Administrator shall establish a 
        program for research, testing, and development of a space 
        nuclear surface power reactor design.
            (2) Plan.--
                    (A) In general.--The Administrator shall--
                          (i) <<NOTE: Timeline.>>  develop a plan and 
                      timeline for the program established under 
                      paragraph (1), taking into consideration mission 
                      needs; and
                          (ii) include in such plan opportunities for 
                      participation by United States commercial 
                      entities.
                    (B) <<NOTE: Deadline.>>  Submission.--Not later than 
                1 year after the date of the enactment of this Act, the 
                Administrator shall submit

[[Page 136 STAT. 1753]]

                to the appropriate committees of Congress the plan 
                developed under subparagraph (A).

    (c) Assessment of In-space Propulsion Testing Facilities.--
            (1) In general.--The Administrator shall carry out a needs 
        assessment for facilities and technical capabilities required to 
        support ground-based testing of a full-scale, full-power 
        integrated nuclear propulsion system.
            (2) Element.--The assessment required by paragraph (1) shall 
        consider the potential development of facilities that will 
        support long-term research and development of space nuclear 
        propulsion systems.
            (3) Report.--Not later than 270 days after the date of the 
        enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall submit to the 
        appropriate committees of Congress a report on the results of 
        the assessment carried out under paragraph (1).
SEC. 10842. <<NOTE: 51 USC 20301 note.>>  PRIORITIZATION OF LOW-
                            ENRICHED URANIUM TECHNOLOGY.

    (a) In General.--The Administrator shall prioritize the use of low-
enriched uranium, including high-assay low-enriched uranium, for space 
nuclear research and development, including ground and in-space testing 
and other related demonstration activities carried out under this title.
    (b) <<NOTE: Coordination.>>  Interagency Collaboration.--The 
Administrator shall, to the extent practicable, collaborate and 
coordinate with the Secretary of Defense, the Secretary of Energy, and 
the heads of other relevant Federal agencies on technology development, 
knowledge exchange, lessons learned regarding nuclear power and 
propulsion technologies, common fuels, flight demonstrations, and 
operational systems production for space applications.

    (c) Report on Nuclear Technology Prioritization.--Not later than 120 
days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Administrator 
shall submit to the appropriate committees of Congress a report that 
details the actions taken and planned, including a timeline for such 
actions, to implement subsection (a).

                       Subtitle E--STEM Engagement

SEC. 10851. OFFICE OF STEM ENGAGEMENT.

    (a) <<NOTE: 51 USC 20113 note.>>  Sense of Congress.--It is the 
sense of Congress that NASA's inspiring mission, specialized facilities, 
skilled engineering and scientific workforce, and research activities 
present unique opportunities for inspiring public engagement in STEM and 
increasing the number of students pursuing STEM degrees and careers.

    (b) Establishment.--The Administrator shall establish an Office of 
STEM Engagement (referred to in this section as the ``Office'') for the 
purpose of advancing progress toward the STEM education goals of the 
United States by enhancing STEM literacy, increasing diversity, equity, 
and inclusion in STEM, and preparing the STEM workforce for the future.
    (c) Responsibilities.--The Office established shall be responsible 
for coordinating efforts and activities among organizations across the 
Administration, including NASA headquarters, mission directorates, and 
NASA centers, designed--

[[Page 136 STAT. 1754]]

            (1) to create unique opportunities for students and the 
        public to learn from and contribute to the work of NASA in 
        exploration and discovery;
            (2) to contribute to the growth of a diverse STEM workforce; 
        and
            (3) to strengthen public understanding of science by 
        enabling connections to the mission and work of NASA.

    (d) <<NOTE: Coordination.>>  Portfolio.--The Office shall coordinate 
and administer--
            (1) the National Space Grant College and Fellowship Program 
        under chapter 403 of title 51 United States Code;
            (2) the Established Program to Stimulate Competitive 
        Research under section 40903 of title 51 United States Code;
            (3) the Minority University Research and Education Project;
            (4) the NextGen STEM Project; and
            (5) any other program or activity the Administrator 
        considers appropriate.

    (e) Technical Amendments.--Section 40903 of title 51, United States 
Code, is amended--
            (1) in the section heading, by striking ``Experimental'' and 
        inserting ``Established''; and
            (2) in subsection (a), by striking ``Experimental'' and 
        inserting ``Established''.

                        Subtitle F--Miscellaneous

SEC. 10861. <<NOTE: 51 USC 20113 note.>>  PROGRAM, WORKFORCE, AND 
                            INDUSTRIAL BASE REVIEWS.

    (a) Report on Industrial Base for Civil Space Missions and 
Operations.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the date of the 
        enactment of this Act, and from time to time thereafter, the 
        Administrator shall submit to the appropriate committees of 
        Congress a report on the United States industrial base for NASA 
        civil space missions and operations.
            (2) <<NOTE: Assessments.>>  Elements.--The report required 
        by paragraph (1) shall include the following:
                    (A) A comprehensive description of the current 
                status of the United States industrial base for NASA 
                civil space missions and operations.
                    (B) A description and assessment of the weaknesses 
                in the supply chain, skills, manufacturing capacity, raw 
                materials, key components, and other areas of the United 
                States industrial base for NASA civil space missions and 
                operations that could adversely impact such missions and 
                operations if unavailable.
                    (C) A description and assessment of various 
                mechanisms to address and mitigate the weaknesses 
                described pursuant to subparagraph (B).
                    (D) <<NOTE: List.>>  A comprehensive list of the 
                collaborative efforts, including future and proposed 
                collaborative efforts, between NASA and the 
                Manufacturing USA institutes of the Department of 
                Commerce.
                    (E) An assessment of--
                          (i) the defense and aerospace manufacturing 
                      supply chains relevant to NASA in each region of 
                      the United States; and

[[Page 136 STAT. 1755]]

                          (ii) the feasibility and benefits of 
                      establishing a supply chain center of excellence 
                      in a State in which NASA does not, as of the date 
                      of the enactment of this Act, have a research 
                      center or test facility.
                    (F) Such other matters relating to the United States 
                industrial base for NASA civil space missions and 
                operations as the Administrator considers appropriate.

    (b) Workforce and Modeling and Test Facilities.--
            (1) Review.--
                    (A) In general.--The Administrator shall enter into 
                an arrangement with the National Academies of Sciences, 
                Engineering, and Medicine to carry out a comprehensive 
                review of the workforce, skills-base, and modeling and 
                test facilities of the Administration.
                    (B) Elements.--The review conducted under 
                subparagraph (A) shall include the following:
                          (i) A consideration of the use of emerging 
                      technologies in relevant engineering and science 
                      disciplines and the skills needed to apply such 
                      capabilities to Administration missions across all 
                      mission directorates.
                          (ii) <<NOTE: Recommenda- tions.>>  Prioritized 
                      recommendations on actions needed to align the 
                      Administration's workforce with research 
                      objectives and strategic goals and on the 
                      improvements and additions to modeling 
                      capabilities and test facilities needed to meet 
                      the Administration's strategic goals and 
                      objectives.
                    (C) Report.--Not later than 18 months after the date 
                of the enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall 
                submit to the appropriate committees of Congress report 
                on the results of the review conducted under 
                subparagraph (A).
            (2) <<NOTE: Deadline.>>  Implementation plan.--Not later 
        than 120 days after the date on which the review under paragraph 
        (1) is completed, the Administrator shall submit to the 
        appropriate committees of Congress a plan for implementing the 
        recommendations contained the review.
            (3) <<NOTE: Time periods.>>  Report on nasa infrastructure, 
        workforce skills and capabilities.--
                    (A) Policy and procedure.--
                          (i) <<NOTE: Assessment.>>  In general.--The 
                      Administrator shall develop an Administration 
                      policy and procedure for assessment, not less 
                      frequently than every 5 years, of the strategic 
                      capabilities of the Administration, including 
                      infrastructure and facilities, and workforce 
                      skills and capabilities.
                          (ii) <<NOTE: Data. Recommenda- tions.>>  
                      Elements.--The policy and procedure developed 
                      under clause (i) shall include acquiring data and 
                      support for Administration decisions and 
                      recommendations on strategic capabilities, 
                      including on infrastructure and facilities, and 
                      workforce skills and capabilities needed to 
                      support the goals and objectives of the 
                      Administration through 2040.
                    (B) Report.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
                the enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall 
                submit the policy and procedure developed under 
                subparagraph (A) to the appropriate committees of 
                Congress.

[[Page 136 STAT. 1756]]

            (4) Independent program analysis and evaluation office.--
                    (A) <<NOTE: Assessment. Recommenda- tions. Cost 
                estimates.>>  Establishment.--The Administrator shall 
                establish within NASA an Independent Program Analysis 
                and Evaluation Office (referred to in this paragraph as 
                the ``Office'') for purposes of independently assessing 
                program performance, making programmatic, technical risk 
                mitigation and institutional recommendations, performing 
                cost estimates and analyses, and conducting strategic 
                planning activities, among other functions.
                    (B) Independence.--The Office shall remain 
                independent of any program, and shall have no 
                programmatic responsibilities, so as to maintain its 
                independent assessment integrity.
                    (C) Activities authorized.--In conducting the 
                functions of the Office, the Administrator may carry 
                out--
                          (i) research on program assessment;
                          (ii) cost, schedule, and technical estimation; 
                      and
                          (iii) other relevant activities for the 
                      purposes of obtaining the highest level of 
                      expertise and the most effective decision-making 
                      tools with which to inform the Administrator.
                    (D) Moon to mars activities.--The Office shall 
                maintain an ongoing, focused effort to assess the goals, 
                objectives, requirements, architectural approach, cost 
                and schedule, and progress of the Administration's Moon 
                to Mars activities.
            (5) <<NOTE: Deadline. Cost estimate. Time period.>>  
        International space station.--Not later than 1 year after the 
        date of the enactment of this Act, the Administrator shall 
        submit to the appropriate committees of Congress the results of 
        an independent estimate by the Office of the cost of continuing 
        International Space Station operations through September 30, 
        2030, including--
                    (A) crew and cargo transportation, research to be 
                undertaken reflecting the priorities described in 
                section 10816, and maintenance costs; and
                    (B) opportunities for operational efficiencies that 
                could result in cost savings and increased research 
                productivity and the amount of those potential savings 
                and productivity increases.
SEC. 10862. MODIFICATION OF LEASE OF NON-EXCESS PROPERTY.

    (a) In General.--Section 20145 of title 51, United States Code, is 
amended in subsection (g), in the first sentence, by striking ``December 
31, 2022'' and inserting ``December 31, 2032''.
    (b) Reporting Requirements.--Subsection (f) of such section is 
amended by adding at the end the following:
            ``(3) Annual and cumulative number of leases.--The annual 
        and cumulative number of leases entered into under this section, 
        by National Aeronautics and Space Administration center and 
        facility.
            ``(4) Estimated cost savings.--For each active lease 
        agreement under this section, the estimated cost savings to the 
        Administration resulting from reduced maintenance, operating, 
        and associated costs in the previous fiscal year.
            ``(5) Other quantifiable benefits.--Other quantifiable 
        benefits, including additional cost savings not included under

[[Page 136 STAT. 1757]]

        paragraph (4), to the Administration resulting from the use of 
        leases under this section.''.

    (c) Report on Requirements.--Such section is further amended--
            (1) by redesignating subsection (g) as subsection (h); and
            (2) by adding after subsection (f) the following:

    ``(g) Report on Enhanced-use Leasing Requirements.--Not later than 
270 days after the date of the enactment of the National Aeronautics and 
Space Administration Authorization Act of 2022, the Administrator shall 
prepare and submit to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and 
Transportation of the Senate and the Committee on Science, Space, and 
Technology of the House of Representatives a report on existing 
requirements for applicants seeking a lease under this section, 
including--
            ``(1) any requirement related to the involvement of foreign 
        entities, foreign entity ownership, and foreign entity 
        investment; and
            ``(2) at the discretion of the Administrator, any other 
        requirement related to the protection and security of 
        Administration missions and facilities.''.

       DIVISION C-- <<NOTE: Supreme Court Security Funding Act of 
 2022.>> SUPPLEMENTAL APPROPRIATIONS TO ADDRESS THREATS TO THE SUPREME 
COURT OF THE UNITED STATES

     The following sums are appropriated, out of any money in the 
Treasury not otherwise appropriated, for the fiscal year ending 
September 30, 2022, and for other purposes, namely:

                                 TITLE I

                          DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE

                     United States Marshals Service

                          salaries and expenses

    For an additional amount for ``Salaries and Expenses'', $10,300,000, 
to remain available until September 30, 2023, for expenses necessary to 
address threats to the Supreme Court of the United States.

                                TITLE II

                              THE JUDICIARY

                   Supreme Court of the United States

                          salaries and expenses

    For an additional amount for ``Salaries and Expenses'', $9,100,000, 
to remain available until September 30, 2023, for expenses necessary to 
address threats to the Supreme Court of the United States.

[[Page 136 STAT. 1758]]

                                TITLE III

                      GENERAL PROVISIONS--THIS ACT

    Sec. 301.  Each amount appropriated or made available by this Act is 
in addition to amounts otherwise appropriated for the fiscal year 
involved.
    Sec. 302.  No part of any appropriation contained in this Act shall 
remain available for obligation beyond the current fiscal year unless 
expressly so provided herein.
    Sec. 303.  Unless otherwise provided for by this Act, the additional 
amounts appropriated by this Act to appropriations accounts shall be 
available under the authorities and conditions applicable to such 
appropriations accounts for fiscal year 2022.
    Sec. 304.  Each amount provided by this Act is designated by 
Congress as being for an emergency requirement pursuant to section 
4001(a)(1) and section 4001(b) of S. Con. Res. 14 (117th Congress), the 
concurrent resolution on the budget for fiscal year 2022.
     This division may be cited as the ``Supreme Court Security Funding 
Act of 2022''.

    Approved August 9, 2022.

LEGISLATIVE HISTORY--H.R. 4346:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

HOUSE REPORTS: No. 117-80 (Comm. on Appropriations).
CONGRESSIONAL RECORD:
                                                        Vol. 167 (2021):
                                    July 28, considered and passed 
                                        House.
                                                        Vol. 168 (2022):
                                    June 22, considered and passed 
                                        Senate, amended.
                                    June 24, House concurred in Senate 
                                        amendment with an
                                      amendment pursuant to H. Res. 
                                        1204.
                                    July 19-21, 26, 27, Senate 
                                        considered and concurred in 
                                        House
                                      amendment with an amendment.
                                    July 28, House concurred in Senate 
                                        amendment.
DAILY COMPILATION OF PRESIDENTIAL DOCUMENTS (2022):
            Aug. 9, Presidential remarks.

                                  <all>