International Security Assistance Act
PL 95-92 (H.R.6884), enacted 08/04/1977

91 STAT. 614 
PUBLIC LAW 95-92—AUG. 4, 1977 
Aug. 4, 1977 
[H.R. 6884] 
International 
Security 
Assistance Act of 
1977. 
22 u s e 2151 
note. 
22 u s e 2261. 
Appropriation 
authorization. 
22 u s e 2291a. 
22 u s e 2291. 
Public Law 95-92 
95th Congress 
An Act 
To amend the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 to authorize international security 
assistance programs for fiscal year 1978, to amend the Arms Export Control Act 
to make certain changes in the authorities of that Act, and for other purposes. 
Be it enacted hy the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assemhted, 
SHORT TITLE 
SECTION 1. This Act may be cited as the "International Security 
Assistance Act of 1977". 
CONTINGENCY FUND 
SEC. 2. Section 451(a) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 is 
amended by striking out "for the fiscal year 1976 not to exceed 
$5,000,000 and for the fiscal year 1977 not to exceed $5,000,000" and 
inserting in lieu thereof "for the fiscal year 1978 not to exceed 
$5,000,000". 
INTERNATIONAL NARCOTICS CONTROL 
SEC. 3. Section 482 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 is amended 
to read as follows: 
"SEC. 482. AUTHORIZATION.—To carry out the purposes of section 
481, there are authorized to be appropriated to the President 
$39,000,000 for the fiscal year 1978. Amounts appropriated under this 
section are authorized to remain available until expended.". 
22 use 2294. 
Support loans. 
Appropriation 
authorization. 
Appropriation 
authorization. 
22 use 2312. 
Allocation. 
ASSISTANCE TO PORTUGAL 
SEC. 4. Chapter 10 of part I of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 
is amended by adding at the end thereof the following new section: 
"SEC. 497. BALANCE OF PAYMENTS LOAN FOR PORTUGAL.— (a) In rec-
ognition of the established interest of the United States in fostering a 
democratic government in Portugal, in maintaining the strength of 
the North Atlantic Treaty Organization alliance, and in supporting 
European economic recovery, the purpose of this section is to provide 
essential balance of payments assistance to Portugal. 
"(b) The President is authorized to make balance of payments sup-
port loans to Portugal as part of a special international effort to assist 
that country in the development and implementation of a program to 
gain financial stability and economic recovery. 
" (c) There are authorized to be appropriated to the President not 
to exceed $300,000,000 for the fiscal year 1978 to carry out the purposes 
of this section, which amount is authorized to remain available until 
expended.". 
MILITARY ASSISTANCE 
SEC. 5. (a) Section 504(a) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 
is amended to read as follows: 
"(a) (1) There are authorized to be appropriated to the President 
to carry out the purposes of this chapter not to exceed $228,900,000 for 
the fiscal year 1978. Not more than the following amounts of funds 
PUBLIC LAW 95-92—AUG. 4, 1977 
91 STAT. 615 
available to carry out this chapter may be allocated and made avail-
able for assistance to each of the following countries for the fiscal year 
1978: 
"Greece 
$33, 000, 000 
Portugal 
25, 000, 000 
Spain 
15, 000, 000 
Turkey 
48,000,000 
Jordan 
55,000,000 
Indonesia 
15, 000, 000 
Philippines 
19, 600, 000 
Thailand 
8, 000, 000 
The amount specified in this paragraph for military assistance to any Increase, 
such country for the fiscal year 1978 may be increased by not more 
than 10 per centum of such amount if the President deems such 
increase necessary for the purposes of this chapter. 
"(2) Except with respect to costs incurred under the authority of 
section 516(b) or as otherwise specifically authorized by law, none Infra. 
of the funds available for assistance under this chapter may be used 
to provide assistance to any recipient other than the countries speci-
fied in paragraph (1). 
^ ^ , , 
"(3) The authority of section 610(a) and of section 614(a) may 
"'" *' ' 
not be used to increase any amount specified in paragraph (1) or to 
waive the limitations of paragraph (2). 
"(4) Amounts appropriated under this subsection are authorized 
to remain available until expended.". 
(b) Section 516(b) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 is 22 USC 2321J. 
amended by striking out "paragraphs (2) and (3)" and inserting in 
lieu thereof "paragraph (2)". 
STOCKPILING OF DEFENSE ARTICLES FOR FOREIGN COUNTRIES 
SEC. 6. Section 514(b)(2) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 
is amended by striking out "$93,750,000 for the period beginning 
July 1, 1975, and ending September 30, 1976, and $125,000,000 for the 
fiscal vear 1977" and inserting in lieu thereof "$270,000,000 for the 
fiscal year 1978". 
22 USC 2321h. 
Congressional 
authorization. 
22 USC 2751 
note. 
INTERNATIONAL MILITARY ASSISTANCE AND SALES PROGRAM MANAGEMENT 
SEC. 7. (a) Section 515 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 is 22 USC 23211 
amended to read as follows: 
"SEC. 515. OVERSEAS MANAGEMENT OF ASSISTANCE AND SALES PRO-
GRAMS.— (a) No military assistance advisory group, military mission, 
or other organization of United States military personnel performing 
similar military advisory, functions under this Act or the Arms Export 
Control Act may operate in any foreign country unless specifically 
authorized by the Congress. The prohibition contained in this sub-
section does not apply to regular units of the Armed Forces of the 
United States engaged in routine functions designed to bring about 
the standardization of military operations and procedures between 
the Armed Forces of the United States and countries which are mem-
bers of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization or other defense 
treaty allies of the United States. 
"(b) (1) In order to carry out his responsibilities for the manage-
ment during the fiscal year 1978 of international security assistance 
programs conducted under this chapter, under chapter 5 of this part, 
or under the Arms Export Control Act, the President may assign 
members of the Armed Forces of the United States to perform neces-
22 USC 2347. 
91 STAT. 616 
PUBLIC LAW 95-92—AUG. 4, 1977 
Ante, p. 614. 
Limitation. 
22 u s e 2761. 
22 u s e 2347, 
2751 note. 
Report to 
Speaker of the 
House and 
cong 
committees. 
Costs. 
sary functions with respect to such programs in the countries speci-
fied in section 504(a)(1) and in the Republic of Korea, Panama, 
Brazil, Morocco, Iran, Kuwait, and Saudi Arabia. Members of the 
Armed Forces assigned under this subsection shall have as their pri-
mary functions logistics management, transportation, fiscal manage-
ment, and contract administration of country programs. It is the sense 
of the Congress that advisory and training assistance in the countries 
specified above shall primarily be provided by personnel who are not 
assigned under this subsection and who are detailed for limited periods 
to perform specific tasks. 
"(2) The total number of members of the Armed Forces assigned 
under this subsection to each country specified in paragraph (1) of this 
subsection may not exceed the number justified to the Congress in the 
congressional presentation materials, unless the Committee on Foreign 
Relations of the Senate and the Committee on International Relations 
of the House of Representatives are so notified. 
"(3) Members of the Armed Forces authorized to be assigned to 
Iran, Kuwait, and Saudi Arabia by paragraph (1) of this subsection 
may only be assigned to such countries on a fully reimbursable basis 
under section 21(a) of the Arms Export Control Act, except that this 
requirement shall apply only to the extent that the number of members 
of the Armed Forces assigned to each such country exceeds six. 
"(c) The President may assign not to exceed three members of the 
Armed Forces to any country not specified in subsection (b) (1) to 
perform accounting and other management functions with respect to 
international security assistance programs conducted under this chap-
ter, chapter 5 of this part, or under the Arms Export Control Act, 
except that not to exceed three additional members of the Armed 
Forces may be assigned to a country to perform such functions when 
specifically requested by the Chief of the Diplomatic Mission as nec-
essary to the efficient operation of the Mission. 
"(d) The total number of members of the Armed Forces assigned 
to foreign countries under subsections (b) and (c) may not exceed 865 
for the fiscal year 1978. 
"(e) Members of the Armed Forces assigned to a foreign country 
Tinder subsection (b) or (c) shall serve under the direction and super-
vision of the Chief of the United States Diplomatic Mission in that 
country. 
"(f) Defense attaches may perform overseas management functions 
described in this section only if the President determines that the 
performance of such functions by defense attaches is the most economic 
and efficient means of performing such functions. The President shall 
promptly report each such determination to the Speaker of the House 
of Representatives and to the chairman of the Senate Committee on 
Foreign Relations and the chairman of the Senate Committee on 
Armed Services, together with a description of the number of person-
nel involved and a statement of the reasons for such determination. 
The number of defense attaches performing overseas management 
functions in a country under this subsection may not exceed the num-
ber of defense attaches authorized to be assigned to that country on 
December 31, 1976. 
"(g) The entire costs (including salaries of United States military 
personnel) of overseas management of international security assist-
ance programs under this section shall be charged to or reimbursed 
from funds made available to carry out this chapter, including any 
such costs which are reimbursed from charges for services collected 
PUBLIC LAW 95-92—AUG. 4, 1977 
91 STAT. 617 
from foreign governments pursuant to sections '21(e) and 43(b) of 
the Arms Export Control Act. The prohibition contained in subsec-
tion (a) of this section and the numerical limitations contained in 
subsections (b). (c),and (d) of this section shall not apply to members 
of the Armed Forces performing services for specific purposes and 
periods of time on a fully I'eimbursable basis under section 21(a) of 
the Arms Export Control Act.'\ 
(b) Section 516 (a) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 is amended 
by striking out "515(b) (2)" and inserting in lieu thereof '"515". 
(c) Section 631(d) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 is 
amended— 
(1) by striking out "this Act" and inserting in lieu thereof 
''part I of this Act"; and 
(2) by striking out all that follows after ''economic officer of 
the mission" and inserting a period in lieu thereof. 
(d) Section 43(b) of the Arms Hxport Control Act is amended to 
read as follows: 
"(b) Charges for administrative services calculated under section 
21(e)(1)(A) of this Act shall include recovery of administrative 
expenses incurred by any department or agency of the United States 
Government, including any mission or group thereof, in carrying out 
functions under this Act when— 
"(1) such functions are primarily for the benefit of any foreign 
country; and 
"(2)" such expenses are not directly and fully charged to, and 
' 
reimbursed from amounts received for, sale of defense services 
under section 21(a) of this Act.". 
22 u s e 2761, 
Infra. 
22 u s e 2321]. 
22 u s e 2391. 
Administrative 
services, charges. 
22 u s e 2792. 
SECURITY SUPPORTING ASSISTANCE 
SEC. 8. (a) Section 531 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 is 22 USe 2346. 
amended— 
(1) by striking out in the last sentence thereof '"The" and 
inserting in lieu thereof "Except for programs in southern Africa, 
the"; and 
(2) by adding at the end thereof the following new sentence: 
" I n planning security supporting assistance programs intended 
for economic development, the President shall take into account 
to the maximum extent feasible the policy directions set forth 
in chapter 1 of part I of this Act.". 
22 USe 2151. 
(b) Section 532 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 is amended Appropriation 
to read as follows : 
authorization. 
''SEC. 532. AUTPTOI{IZATION.— ({v)(l) There are authorized to be 22 USe 2346a. 
appropriated to the President to carrv out the purposes of this chapter 
for the fiscal year 1978 not to exceed $1,890,000,000. of which not less 
than the following amounts shall be available only for the following 
countries: 
"Israel 
$785, 000, 000 
Egypt 
750. 000. 000 
.Jordan 
93,000,000 
Syria 
90. 000, 000 
Lebanon 
20, 000, 000 
Cyprus 
15, 000, 000 
"(2) Of the amount authorized to be appropriated by paragraph 
Israel, limitation. 
(1) for the fiscal year 1978 which is available for Israel, not less than 
$300,000,000 shall be available only for budgetary support on a grant 
basis. 
91 STAT. 618 
PUBLIC LAW 95-92—AUG. 4, 1977 
Availability. 
22 use 2346b. 
Ante, p. 617. 
22 use 2151. 
22 use 2151 
et seq. 
Report to 
Speaker of the 
House and 
congressional 
committee. 
Limitation. 
Waiver. 
Report to 
eongress. 
Rhodesian 
conflict, 
settlement. 
"(b) Amounts appropriated under this section are authorized to 
remain available until expended.". 
(c) Chapter 4 of part I I of such Act is amended by adding at the 
end thereof the following new section: 
"SEC. 533. SOUTHERN AFRICAN SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS FUNDS.—(a) 
(1) Of the funds authorized to be appropriated by section 532 for the 
fiscal year 1978, $80,000,000 shall be available only for the countries of 
southern Africa to address the problems caused by the economic dis-
location resulting from the conflict in that region, and for education 
and job training assistance for Africans from Namibia and Zimbabwe 
(Southern Rhodesia). Such funds may be used to provide assistance 
to African refugees and persons displaced by war and internal strife 
in southern Africa, to improve transportation links interrupted or 
jeopardized by regional political conflicts, and to provide trade credits 
for the purchase of United States products to those countries in the 
region adversely affected by blocked outlets for their exports and by 
the overall strains of the world economy. 
"(2) Of the funds made available under this section, not more than 
the following amounts may be made available for the following: 
"Botswana 
$15, 000,000 
Lesotho 
15, 000, 000 
Swaziland 
5,000, 000 
Regional programs for education, training, and refugee assistance 
45, 000,000 
"(3) To the extent practicable consistent with the purposes speci-
fied in paragraph (1), assistance under this section should be used to 
meet the objectives set forth in sections 102 (c) and (d) and in other 
sections of chapter 1 of part I of this Act. 
"(4) Before obligating any funds under this section, the President 
shall notify the Speaker of the House of Representatives and the 
chairman of the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate with 
respect to the specific projects and programs for which such funds 
will be used. 
"(b) Of the funds made available under subsection (a) of this sec-
tion for regional programs, not to exceed $1,000,000 may be used by 
the President for the preparation of a comprehensive analysis of the 
development needs of southern Africa to enable the Congress to deter-
mine what contribution United States foreign assistance can make. 
"(c) (1) None of the funds made available under this section may 
be used for military, guerrilla, or paramilitary activities in any 
country. 
"(2) No assistance may be furnished under this section to Mozam-
bique, Angola, Tanzania, or Zambia, except that the President may 
waive this prohibition with respect to any such country if he deter-
mines (and so reports to the Congress) that furnishing such assistance 
to that country would further the foreign policy interests of the United 
States. 
"(d) It is the sense of the Congress that the United States should 
support an internationally recognized constitutional settlement of the 
Rhodesian conflict leading promptly to majority rule based upon dem-
ocratic principles and upholding basic human rights. The Congress 
declares its intent to support United States participation in a Zim-
babwe Development Fund. The Congrass intends to authorize the nec-
essary appropriation when progress toward such an internationally 
recognized settlement would permit establishment of the Fund.". 
PUBLIC LAW 95-92—AUG. 4, 1977 
91 STAT. 619 
REVIEW OF SECURITY SUPPORTING ASSISTANCE PROGRAM FOR EGYPT 
SEC. 9. (a) It is the sense of the Congress that the security support-
ing assistance program for Egypt plays an important role in the Mid-
dle East peace effort and that the Executive branch should concentrate 
its efforts in order to make the program a success. 
(b) In furtherance of the policy expressed in subsection (a), the 
Secretary of State shall convene a Special Interagency Task Force 
(hereafter in this section referred to as the "Task Force") to review 
and prepare a study on the security supporting assistance program for 
Egypt. The Task Force may employ consultants for the purpose of 
carrying out such study. 
(c) (1) The Task Force shall review planned United States eco-
nomic assistance to Egypt and shall suggest alternatives to such assist-
ance. In carrying out this paragraph, the Task Force shall consider— 
(A) the interrelationship of United States and Egyptian eco-
nomic and political interests; 
(B) the possibility of emphasizing programs designed to 
enhance the opportunities in the Egyptian private business and 
agriculture sectors, with special emphasis on low-cost approaches 
to expedite development; and 
(C) to the extent appropriate, the views of Egyptian econo-
mists and government officials. 
(2) Based on an analysis of the considerations described in para-
graph (1) and on such other considerations as it may find to be rele-
vant, the Task Force shall develop a plan for the use of future United 
States economic assistance to Egypt. Such plan shall include, where 
necessary, suggestions for revising legislation, for specific develop-
ment projects, and for the staff requirements of the agencj'^ primarily 
responsible for administering part I of the Foreign Assistance Act of 
1961. 
(d) (1) In carrying out its responsibilities under paragraphs (1) 
and (2) of subsection (c), the Task Force shall consult, on a regular 
basis, with the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate and the 
Committee on International Relations of the House of Representatives. 
(2) The Task Force shall transmit the plan developed pursuant to 
subsection (c) (2) to the Speaker of the House of Representatives and 
the chairman of the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate 
not later than February 15,1978. 
(e) Not to exceed $750,000 of the funds authorized and earmarked 
for security supporting assistance to Egypt in the fiscal year 1977 shall 
be available to carry out this section. 
22 use 2346 
note. 
Special 
Interagency Task 
Force, study. 
Consultants, 
employment. 
Plan. 
22 use 2151 
et seq.. 
eonsultation with 
congressional 
committees. 
Plan, transmittal 
to the Speaker of 
the House and 
congressional 
committee. 
Funds, 
availability. 
INTERNATIONAL MILITARY EDUCATION AND TRAINING 
SEC. 10. Section 542 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 is 
amended by striking out "$27,000,000 for the fiscal year 1976 and 
S30,200,000 for the fiscal year 1977" and inserting in lieu thereof 
"$31,000,000 for the fiscal year 1978". 
22 u s e 2347a. 
PROHIBITION AGAINST ASSISTANCE AND SALES TO ARGENTINA 
SEC. 11. Chapter 1 of part III of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 
is amended by adding at the end thereof the following new section: 
"SEC. 620B. PROHIBITION AGAINST ASSISTANCE AND SALES TO ARGEN- 22 USe 2372. 
TINA.—After September 30,1978— 
"(1) no assistance may be furnished under chapter 2, 4, or 5 of 
part II of this Act to Argentina; 
22 USC 2311, 
2346, 2347. 
91 STAT. 620 
PUBLIC LAW 95-92—AUG. 4, 1977 
22 use 2751 
note. 
22 use 2778. 
"(2) no credits (including participation in credits) may be 
extended and no loan may be guaranteed under the Arms Export 
Control Act with respect to Argentina; 
"(3) no sales of defense articles or services may be made under 
the Arms Export Control Act to Argentina; and 
" (4) no export licenses may be issued under section 38 of the 
Arms Export Control Act to or for the Government of 
Argentina.". 
NUCLEAR ENRICHMENT AND REPROCESSING TRANSFERS; 
DETONATIONS 
NUCLEAR 
22 use 2429. 
Assistance, 
agreements and 
safeguards. 
22 u s e 2751 
note. 
Presidential 
certification, 
transmittal to 
Speaker of the 
House and 
congressional 
committee. 
Joint resolution. 
90 Stat. 765. 
22 u s e 2429a. 
22 u s e 2751 
note. 
SEC. 12. Chapter 3 of part III of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 
is amended by striking out section 669 and inserting in lieu thereof 
the following new sections: 
"SEC. 669. NUCLEAR ENRICHMENT TRANSFERS.—(a) Except as pro-
vided in subsection (b), no funds authorized to be appropriated by 
this Act or the Arms Export Control Act may be used for the purpose 
of providing economic assistance, providing military or security sup-
porting assistance or grant military education and training, or extend-
ing military credits or making guarantees, to any country which, on or 
after the date of enactment of the International Security Assistance 
Act of 1977, delivers nuclear enrichment equipment, materials, or tech-
nology to any other countiT, or receives such equipment, materials, or 
technology from any other country, unless before such delivery— 
" (1) the supplying country and receiving country have reached 
agreement to place all such equipment, materials, or technology, 
upon delivery, under multilateral auspices and management when 
available; and 
"(2) the recipient country has entered into an agreement with 
the International Atomic Energy Agency to place all such equip-
ment, materials, technology, and all nuclear fuel and facilities in 
Such country under the safeguards system of such Agency. 
"(b) (1) Notwithstanding subsection (a) of this section, the Presi-
dent may furnish assistance which would otherwise be prohibited 
under such subsection if he determines and certifies in writing to the 
Speaker of the House of Representatives and the Committee on For-
eign Relations of the Senate that— 
"(A) the termination of such assistance would have a serious 
adverse effect on vital United States interests; and 
"(B) he has received reliable assurances that the country in 
question will not acquire or develop nuclear weapons or assist 
other nations in doing so. 
Such certification shall set forth the reasons supporting such deter-
mination in each particular case. 
"(2) Any joint resolution which would terminate or restrict assist-
ance described in subsection (a) with respect to a country to which the 
prohibition in such subsection applies shall, if introduced within thirty 
days after the transmittal of a certification under paragraph (1) of 
this subsection with respect to such country, be considered in the Sen-
ate in accordance with the provisions of section 601(b) of the Inter-
national Security Assistance and Arms Export Control Act of 1976. 
"SEC. 670. NUCLEAR REPROCESSING TRANSFERS AND NUCLEAR DETONA-
TIONS.— (a) Except as provided in subsection (b), no funds authorized 
to be appropriated by this Act or the Arms Export Control Act may 
be used for the purpose of providing economic assistance, providing 
military or security supporting assistance or grant military education 
PUBLIC LAW 95-92—AUG. 4, 1977 
91 STAT. 621 
and training, or extending military credits or making guarantees, to 
any country which on or after the date of enactment of the Interna-
tional Security Assistance Act of 1977— 
"(1) delivers nuclear reprocessing equipment, materials, or 
technology to any other country or receives such equipment, mate-
rials, or technology from any other country (except for the trans-
fer of reprocessing technology associated with the inve^ticration, 
under international evaluation programs in which the United 
States participates, of technologies which are alternatives to pure 
plutonium reprocessing); or 
"(2) is not a nuclear-weapon state as defined in article IX(3) 
of the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons and 
which detonates a nuclear explosive device. 
"(b) (1) Notwithstanding subsection (a) of this section, the Presi-
dent may furnish assistance which would otherwise be prohibited 
under such subsection if he determines and certifies in writing to the 
Speaker of the House of Representatives and the Committee on For-
eign Kelations of the Senate that the termination of such assistance 
would be seriously prejudicial to the achievement of United States 
nonproliferation objectives or otherwise jeopardize the common 
defense and security. The President shall transmit with such certifica-
tion a statement setting forth the specific reasons therefor. 
"(2) Any joint resolution which would terminate or restrict assist-
ance described in subsection (a) with respect to a country to which the 
prohibition in such subsection applies shall, if introduced within 
thirty days after the transmittal of a certification under paragraph 
(1) of this subsection with respect to such country, be considered in 
the Senate in accordance with the provisions of section 601(b) of the 
International Security Assistance and Arms Export Control Act 
of 1976.". 
MroDLE EAST PEACE 
SEC. 13. Section 903 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 is 
amended— 
(1) in subsection (a), by striking out "for the fiscal year 1976 
not to exceed $50,000,000 and for the fiscal year 1977 not to exceed 
$35,000,000" and inserting in lieu thereof "for the fiscal year 1978 
not to exceed $25,000,000, of which not less than $12,200',000 shall 
be available only for the Sinai support mission,"; 
(2) in subsection (b) — 
(A) in paragraph (1) — 
(i) by striking out "and" at the end of clause (B), and 
=
H 
;. 
(ii) by inserting immediately before the semicolon at 
the end thereof ", and (D) the reasons why the President 
; f = 
has determined that it is in the national interest to use 
funds appropriated under this section for such purpose 
rather than (i) using funds available for such purpose 
under part I, or (ii) if no funds are available for such 
purpose under part I, awaiting the enactment of legis-
lation making funds specifically available for such pur-
pose" ; and 
(B) in paragraph (2), bv striking out "provided by 
clauses (A), (B), and (C) of" and inserting in lieu thereof 
"required by"; and 
(3) in subsection (e), by striking out "1977" and inserting in 
t 
lieu thereof "1978". 
21 UST 483. 
Presidential 
certification, 
submittal to 
Speaker of the 
House and 
congressional 
committee. 
Joint resolution. 
90 Stat. 765. 
Appropriation 
authorization. 
22 u s e 2443. 
91 STAT. 622 
PUBLIC LAW 95-92—AUG. 4, 1977 
l*K()HIltyrH)-N UN AMHI8TANCE FOR NUdiKAR POWf:KPriANTS 
22 use 2406 
SEC. 14. None of the funds made available to carry out tlie Foreign 
"<'*®- 
Assistance Act of 1961 for the fiscal year 1978 may be used to finance 
22 use 2151 
i\yQ construction of, the operation or maintenance of, or the supply 
""*^* 
of fuel for, any nuclear powerplant under an agreement for coopera-
tion between the United States and any other country. 
REPEAL OF PROHIBITION RELATING TO THE TWELVE-MILE FISHING LIMIT 
Repeal. 
SEC. 15. KSection 3(1)) of the Alius Plxport Control Act is repealed. 
22 use 2753. 
CONGRESSIONAL DISAPPROVAL OF THIRD COUNTRY TRANSFERS 
:,; 
SEC. 16. Section 3(d) of the Arms Export Control Act is amended— 
(1) by striking out ", 30 days prior to giving such consent," in 
the text preceding paragraph (1); 
(2) by redesignating such section as section 3(d)(1) 
and 
redesignating paragraphs (1) through (5) thereof as subpara-
graphs (A) through ( E ) , respectively; and 
(3) by adding the following new paragraph at the end thereof: 
"(2) Unless the President states in the certification submitted pur-
suant to this subsection that an emergency exists which requires that 
.
•
V r; 
: . 
consont to the proposed transfer become effective immediately in the 
national security interests of the United States, such consent shall not 
become effective until 30 calendar days after the date of such sub-
mission and such consent shall become effective then only if the Con-
gress does not adopt, within such 30-day period, a concurrent resolu-
tion disapproving the proposed transfer.". 
> i'<* 
' 
TRAXSKKRS OK DEFENSE ARTICLES AND DEFENSE SERVICES FOR 
MAINTENANCE, REPAIR, AND OVERHAUL 
SEC. 17. Section 3(d) of the Arms Export Control Act, as amended 
by section 16 of this Act, is further amended by adding the following 
new paragraph at the end thereof: 
"(3) This subsection shall not apply— 
"(A) to transfers of maintenance, repair, or overhaul defense 
services, or of the repair parts or other defense articles used in 
furnishing such services, if the transfer will not result in any 
increase, relative to the original specifications, in the military 
capability of the defense articles and services to be maintained, 
repaired, or overhauled; 
"(B) to temporary transfers of defense articles for the sole 
purpose of receiving maintenance, repair, or overhaul; or 
"(C) to cooperative cross servicing arrangements among mem-
bers of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization.". 
PROHIBITION AGAINST SALES, CREDITS, AND GUARANTIES TO COUNTRIES 
WHICH GRANT SANCTUARY TO INTERNATIONAL 
TERRORISTS 
SEC. 18. Section 3 of the Arms Export Control Act is amended by 
adding at the end thereof the following new subsection: 
"(f)(1) Unless the President finds that the national security requires 
otherwise, he shall terminate all sales, credits, and guaranties under 
this Act to any government which aids or abets, by granting sanctu-
ary from prosecution to, any individual or group which has committed 
an act of international terrorism. The President may not thereafter 
PUBLIC LAW 95-92—AUG. 4, 1977 
91 STAT. 623 
make or extend sales, credits, or guaranties to such government until 
the end of the one year period beginning on the date of such termina-
tion, except that if during its period of ineligibility for sales, credits, 
and guaranties pursuant to this section such government aids or abets, 
by granting sanctuary from prosecution to, any other individual or 
group which has committed an act of international terrorism, such 
government's period of ineligibility shall be extended for an additional 
year for each such individual or group. 
"(2) If the President finds that the national security justifies a con-
tinuation of sales, credits, or guaranties to any government described in 
paragraph (1), he shall report such finding to the Speaker of the House 
of Representatives and the Committee on Foreign Relations of the 
Senate.". 
Presidential 
report to Speaker 
of the House and 
congressional 
committee. 
FOREIGN MILITARY SALES AUTHORIZATIOX AND AGGREGATE CEILING 
SEC. 19. Section 31 of the xVrms Export Control Act is amended— 
(1) in subsection (a), by striking out all in the first sentence 
after "not to exceed" the first time it appears and inserting in 
lieu thereof "$677,000,000 for the fiscal year 1978."; 
(2) in subsection (b), by striking out all after "shall not exceed" 
the first time it appears and inserting in lieu thereof "$2,102,350,-
000 for the fiscal year 1978, of which not less than $1,000,000,000 
shall be available only for Israel."; and 
(3) in subsection (c) — 
(A) in the first sentence, by striking out "the fiscal years 
1976 and 1977" and inserting in lieu thereof "the fiscal year 
1978"; and 
(B) in the last sentence, by striking out "each". 
22 use 2771. 
LICENSES FOR THE EXPORT OF CERTAIN MAJOR DEFENSE EQUIPMENT 
SEC. 20. Section 38(b)(3) of the Arms Export Control Act is 
amended by adding at the end thereof the following new sentence: 
"The prohibition contained in the first sentence of this paragraph 
shall not apply to the issuance of licenses under this section for the 
export of major defense equipment to Australia, Japan, or New Zea-
land, or major defense equipment sold commercially in implementa-
tion of an agreement between the United States Government and the 
government of a foreign country for the production of the major 
defense equipment to which such licenses relate if the President has 
submitted a certificate with respect to such proposed agreement, prior 
to its signature, to the Speaker of the House of Representatives and to 
the chairman of the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate in 
the same form as the certification required under section 36(b) of this 
Act and subject to the requirements of such section.". 
22 use 2778. 
Presidential 
certification, 
submittal to 
Speaker of the 
House and 
congressional 
committee. 
22 use 2776. 
FISCAL YEAR 1977 AUTHORIZATIONS AND LIMITATIONS 
SEC, 21. Authorizations of appropriations and limitations of author-
ity applicable to the fiscal year 1977 contained in provisions of 
law amended by this Act shall not be affected by enactment of this 
Act. 
ASSISTANCE AND SALES TO GREECE AND TURKEY 
SEC. 22. (a) In addition to any amounts authorized to be appro-
priated by any amendment made by this Act which may be available 
for such purpose, there are authorized to be appropriated such sums 
22 u s e 2151 
note. 
Appropriation 
authorization. 
91 STAT. 624 
PUBLIC LAW 95-92—AUG. 4, 1977 
as may be necessary for the fiscal year 1978 to carry out international 
agreements relating to defense cooperation with Greece and Turkey. 
(b) No funds appropriated under this section may be obligated or 
expended to carry out any agreement described in subsection (a) until 
legislation has been enacted approving such agreement. 
(c) Funds appropriated for the fiscal year 1978 may not be obli-
gated for assistance to Turkey under chapters 2 and 5 of part II of 
22 use 2311 
the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, other than in accordance with 
et seq, 234^7 etseq. section 620 (x) of such Act. 
22 use 2370. 
(d) Section 620(x) (1) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 is 
amended— 
(1) by striking out "for the fiscal year 1976, the period begin-
ning July 1, 1976, and ending September 30, 1976, and the fiscal 
year 1977," and inserting in lieu thereof "for the fiscal year 1978"; 
(2) by striking out "(A) during the fiscal year 1976 and the 
period Seginning July 1, 1976, and ending September 30, 1976, 
the total value of defense articles and defense services sold to 
Turkey under such Act, either for cash or financed by credits and 
G
uaranties, shall not exceed $125,000,000, and (B) during the 
seal year 1977," and inserting in lieu thereof "during the fiscal 
year 1978"; and 
(3) by striking out "$125,000,000" the second place it appears 
and inserting in lieu thereof "$175,000,000". 
Report to 
Congress. 
22 use 2751 
note. 
Contents. 
ARMS SALES AND UNITED STATES DEFENSE 
READINESS 
SEC. 23. The President shall prepare and submit to the Congress not 
later than March 15, 1978, a report on the impact of United States 
foreign arms sales and transfers on United States defense readiness 
and national security. The report should focus on arms sales since 
1972 arid discuss the impact of such sales on United States troops sta-
tioned overseas. The report shall also include an analysis of IJnited 
States foreign arms sales and transfers which have involved agree-
ments entered into by the United States for the purchase or acquisition 
by the United States of defense articles, services, or equipment, or 
other articles, services, or equipment of any foreign country or inter-
national organization in connection with or as consideration for such 
United States foreign arms sales and transfers, including— 
(1) an analysis of the impact such agreements have had upon 
United States business concerns which might otherwise have pro-
vided such articles, services, or equipment to the United States; 
(2) an estimate of the costs incurred by the United States in 
connection with such agreements compared with the costs which 
would otherwise have been incurred; 
(3) an estimate of the economic impact and unemployment 
which have resulted from such agreements; and 
(4) an analysis of whether such costs and such domestic eco-
nomic impact have justified entering into such agreements. 
22 u s e 2751 
note. 
Contents. 
STUDY OF TECHNOLOGY TRANSFERS 
SEC. 24. (a) The President shall conduct a comprehensive study of 
the policies and practices of the United States Government with 
respect to the national security and military implications of inter-
national transfers of technology in order to determine whether such 
policies and practices should be changed. Such study shall examine— 
(1) thenatureof technology transfer; 
PUBLIC LAW 95-92—AUG. 4, 1977 
91 STAT. 625 
(2) the effect of technology transfers on United States techno-
logical superiority; 
(3) the rationale for transfers of technology from the United 
States to foreign countries; 
(4) the benefits and risks of such transfers; 
(5) trends in technology transfers by the United States and 
other countries; 
(6) the need for controls on transfers of technology, including 
controls on the use of transferred technology, the effectiveness of 
existing end-use controls, and possible unilateral sanctions if end-
use restrictions are violated; 
(7) the effectiveness of existing organizational arrangements 
in the Executive branch in regulating technology transfers from 
the United States; 
(8) the adequacy of existing legislation and regulations with 
respect to transfers of technology from the United States; and 
(9) the possibilities for international agreements with respect 
to transfers of technology. 
(b) In conducting the study required by subsection (a), the Presi-
dent shall utilize the resources and expertise of the Arms Control and 
Disarmament Agency, the Department of State, the Department of 
Defense, the Department of Commerce, the National Science Founda-
tion, the Office of Science and Technology Policy, and such other 
entities within the Executive branch as he deems necessary. 
(c) Not later than the end of the one-year period beginning on the 
date of enactment of this section, the President shall submit to the 
Congress a report setting forth in detail the findings made and conclu-
sions reached as a result of the study conducted pursuant to subsection 
(a), together with such recommendations for legislation and adminis-
trative action as the President deems appropriate. 
Report to 
Congress. 
Legislative 
recommendations. 
POLICY ON ZAIRE 
SEC. 25. No assistance of any kind may be furnished for the fiscal 
year 1978 for the purpose, or which would have the effect, or pro-
moting or augmenting, directly or indirectly, any military or para-
military operations in Zaire unless and until the President determines 
that such assistance should be furnished in the national security inter-
ests of the United States and submits to the Speaker of the House of 
Representatives and the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate 
a report containing— 
(1) a detailed description of the assistance proposed to be fur-
nished, including the amounts of such assistance, the categories 
and specific kinds of assistance proposed, and the purposes for 
which such assistance will be used; and 
(2) a certification that the President has determined that the 
furnishing of such assistance is important to the national security 
interests of the United States and a detailed stat-ement, in 
unclassified form, of the reasons supporting such determination. 
Report to 
Speaker of the 
House and 
congressional 
committee. 
22 use 2370 
note. 
POLICY STATEMENT ON UNITED STATES ARMS SALES TO ISRAEL 
SEC. 26. In accordance with the historic special relationship between 
the United States and Israel and previous agreements and continuing 
understandings, the Congress ioins with the President in reaffirming 
that a policy of restraint in United States arms transfers, including 
arms sales ceilings, shall not impair Israel's deterrent strength or 
undermine the military balance in the Middle East. 
22 use 2751 
note. 
91 STAT. 626 
PUBLIC LAW 95-92—AUG. 4, 1977 
22 use 2751 
note. 
REVIEW OF ARMS SALES COXTROLS ON NOXLETHAL ITEMS 
SEC. 27. The President shall undertake a review of all regulations 
relating to arms control for the purpose of defining and categorizing 
lethal and non-lethal products and establishing the appropriate level 
of control for each category. 
Cooperation with 
Department of 
Justice 
investigation. 
Report to 
Congress. 
22 u s e 2431 
note. 
REPUBLIC o r KOREA 
SEC, 28. (a) (1) It is the sense of the Congress that the President 
should take all effective measures to assure that the Republic of Korea 
is cooperating fully with the investigation (including any resulting 
prosecutions) being conducted by the Department of Justice with 
respect to allegations of improper activity in the United States by 
agents of the Republic of Korea. 
(2) Accordingly, the President is requested to report to the Con-
gress, within ninety days after the date of enactment of this Act and 
once during each ninety-day period thereafter while such investiga-
tion (including any resulting prosecutions) is underway, with respect 
to the extent to which the Republic of Korea is cooperating with such 
investigation. 
(b) It is the further sense of the Congress that the President should 
take all effective measures to assure that the Republic of Korea is 
cooperating fully with the investigations being conducted by commit-
tees of Congress. 
PIASTER CONVERSION 
SEC. 29. No provision of law shall be construed to prevent payment 
of claims of former and present Vietnamese employees of the Agency 
for International Development, who presently reside in the United 
States, for the conversion of Vietnamese piasters to dollars because 
such conversion cannot take place in the territory of the former 
Republic of Vietnam or because the official with whom such piasters 
were deposited was not a United States disbursing officer. 
Approved August 4, 1977. 
LEGISLATIVE HISTORY: 
HOUSE REPORTS: No. 95-274 (Comm. on International Relations) and No. 95-503 
(Comm. of Conference). 
SENATE REPORT No. 95-195 accompanying S. 1160 (Comm. on Foreign Relations). 
CONGRESSIONAL RECORD, Vol. 123 (1977): 
May 23, 24, considered and passed House. 
June 15, considered and passed Senate, amended, in lieu of S. 1160. 
July 21, House agreed to conference report. 
July 22, Senate agreed to conference report. 
WEEKLY COMPILATION OF PRESIDENTIAL DOCUMENTS, Vol. 13, No. 32: 
Aug. 5, Presidential statement.