National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act, Fiscal Year 1989
PL 100-685 (S.2209), enacted 11/17/1988

PUBLIC LAW 100-685—NOV. 17, 1988 
102 STAT. 4083 
Public Law 100-685 
100th Congress 
An Act 
To authorize appropriations to the National Aeronautics and Space Administration 
for research and development, space flight, control and data communications, 
construction of facilities, and research and program management, and for other 
purposes. 
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled. That this Act may 
be cited as the "National Aeronautics and Space Administration 
Authorization Act, Fiscal Year 1989". 
TITLE I—NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE CAPITAL 
DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM 
Nov. 17, 1988 
[S. 2209] 
National 
Aeronautics 
and Space 
Administration 
Authorization 
Act, Fiscal 
Year 1989. 
FINDINGS 
SEC. 101. Congress finds that— 
(1) in accordance with section 106 of the National Aeronautics 
and Space Administration Authorization Act of 1988 (Public 
Law 100-147), a space station, hereafter referred to as the 
United States International Space Station, shall be constructed 
in order to establish a permanent presence for man in space for 
the following purposes— 
(A) the conduct of scientific experiments, applications 
experiments, and engineering experiments; 
(B) the servicing, rehabilitation, and construction of sat-
ellites and space vehicles; 
(C) the development and demonstration of commercial 
products and processes; and 
(D) the establishment of a space base for other civilian 
and commercial space activities including an outpost for 
further exploration of the solar system; 
(2) expendable launch vehicles should be used to launch those 
pay 
loads that do not require the presence of man; 
(3) the space shuttle launches should be used to fulfill the 
Nation's needs for manned access to space; 
(4) preeminence in space and aeronautics is key to the na-
tional security and economic well being of the United States; 
(5) United States space policy needs long-range goals and 
direction in order to provide understanding for near-term space 
projects and programs; 
(6) over the next five years the National Aeronautics and 
Space Administration, hereafter referred to as the "Administra-
tion", should pursue leadership in science through an aggres-
sive set of major and moderate missions while maintaining a 
robust series of cost effective missions that can provide frequent 
flight opportunities to the scientific community; 
(7) over the next five years the Administration should prepare 
for the transition to the United States International Space 
42 u s e 2451 
note. 
102 STAT. 4084 
PUBLIC LAW 100-685—NOV. 17, 1988 
Station of those science and technology programs that can be 
most efficiently and effectively conducted on that facility; 
(8) the Administration should encourage the United States 
private sector investment in space and, to the maximum extent 
practicable provide frequent flight opportunities for the devel-
opment of technologies, processes and products that benefit 
from the space environment; 
(9) the Administration should enhance the existing space 
transportation capability through a robust mixed fleet of 
manned and unmanned vehicles in order to increase the reli-
ability, productivity, and efficiency and reduce the cost of the 
Nation's access to space; 
(10) the United States faces an increasingly successful foreign 
challenge to its traditional preeminent position in aeronautics 
which is rapidly reducing its lead in both civil and military 
aircraft; 
(11) NASA's personnel are an integral component and re-
source for the Nation's space program, and an innovative 
personnel system should be developed; 
(12) the establishment of a permanent presence in space 
leading ultimately to space settlements is fully consistent with 
the goals of the National Aeronautics and Space Act of 1958; 
(13) the United States civil space activities should contribute 
significantly to enhancing the Nation's scientific and techno-
logical leadership, economy, pride, and sense of well-being, as 
well as United States world prestige and leadership; 
(14) civil sector activities should be comprised of a balanced 
strategy of research, development, operations, and technology 
for science, exploration, and appropriate applications; 
(15) assured access to space, sufficient to achieve all United 
States space goals, is an essential element of United States 
space policy, and the United States space transportation sys-
tems must provide a balanced, robust, and flexible capability 
with sufficient resiliency to allow continued operation despite 
failures in any single system; 
(16) the goals of the United States space transportation 
system are— 
(A) to achieve and maintain safe and reliable access to, 
transportation in, and return from, space; 
(B) to exploit the unique attributes of manned and un-
manned launch and recovery systems; 
(C) to encourage, to the maximum extent feasible, the 
development and use of United States private sector space 
transportation capabilities; and 
(D) to reduce the costs of space transportation and related 
services; 
(17) recognizing that communications advancements are criti-
cal to all United States space activities, the Administration 
should continue research and development efforts for future 
advances in space communications technologies; 
(18) the goal of aeronautical research and technology develop-
ment and validation activities should be to contribute to a 
national technology base that will enhance United States pre-
eminence in civil and military aviation and improve the safety 
and efficiency of the United States air transportation system; 
and 
PUBLIC LAW 100-685—NOV. 17, 1988 
102 STAT. 4085 
(19) aeronautical research and technology development and 
validation activities should— 
(A) emphasize emerging technologies with potential for 
breakthrough advances; 
(B) consist of— 
(i) fundamental research in all aeronautical dis-
ciplines, aimed at greater understanding of aeronauti-
cal phenomena and development of new aeronautical 
concepts; and 
(ii) technology development and validation activities 
aimed at laboratory-scale development and proof-of-
concept demonstration of selected concepts with high 
payoff potential; 
(C) assure maintenance of robust aeronautical labora-
tories, including a first-rate technical staff and modern 
national facilities for the conduct of research and testing 
activities; 
(D) be conducted with the close, active participation of the 
United States aircraft industry so as to accelerate the 
transfer of research results to aviation products; 
(E) include providing technical assistance and facility 
support to other government agencies and United States 
industry; 
(F) include conducting joint projects with other govern-
ment agencies where such projects contribute materially to 
the goals set forth in this section; 
(G) assure strong participation of United States univer-
sities both in carrying out aeronautical research and train-
ing future aeronautical research personnel; and 
(H) be conducted, where practical, so that United 
States industry receives research results before foreign 
competitors. 
REPORT ON LONG-RANGE SPACE CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM PLAN 
SEC. 102. In consideration of Senate Report No. 100-429 and House 
of Representatives Report No. 100-650, the Administrator shall, by 
March 15, 1989, submit to the Committee on Science, Space, and 
Technology of the House of Representatives and the Committee on 
Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate a 5-year 
Capital Development Plan including, but not limited to, the 
following: 
(1) Economic assumptions and budgetary requirements for 
fulfilling the objectives of such plan. 
(2) Estimates of total expenditures needed to maintain the 
operation of the national launch systems, related tracking and 
data services, civil service requirements, and all other current 
services. 
(3) A detailed operating plan for fiscal year 1989 and program 
plans for fiscal years 1990 through 1993 setting forth specific 
program priorities, objectives, schedules, and milestones. 
(4) Estimates of total projected investments in space hard-
ware, facilities, and other capital improvements needed to fulfill 
the objectives of such plan. 
102 STAT. 4086 
PUBLIC LAW 100-685—NOV. 17, 1988 
BUDGET INCREASE 
SEC. 103. It is the sense of the House of Representatives that the 
budget for the National Aeronautics and Space Administration 
should increase substantially over the five years following the date 
of enactment of this Act with a goal of at least 15 percent growth per 
annum in order to— 
(1) rededicate the United States space program to the goal of 
leadership in critical areas of space science, space technology, 
space exploration, aeronautics, space applications, and space 
commercialization; 
(2) reverse the dramatic decline in real spending for such 
program since the achievements of the Apollo program; 
(3) forge a robust national space program that maintains a 
healthy balance between manned and unmanned space activi-
ties and recognizes the mutually reinforcing benefits of both; 
(4) continue with the development and deployment of a 
permanently msmned space station; and 
(5) enhance United States preeminence in civil and military 
aviation and improve the safety and efficiency of the United 
States air transportation system. 
BUDGET REQUEST 
31 use 1105 
SEC. 104. Commencing in fiscal year 1990 and every year there-
note, 
after, the President shall submit to Congress a budget request for 
the Nationgd Aeronautics and Space Administration for the imme-
diate fiscal year and the following fiscal year, and include budget 
estimates for the third fiscal year. 
TITLE II—FISCAL YEAR 1989 NASA AND MULTIYEAR SPACE 
STATION AUTHORIZATION 
AUTHORIZATION 
SEC. 201. (a) There is hereby authorized to be appropriated to the 
National Aeronautics and Space Administration for fiscal year 1989, 
except as otherwise stated: 
(1) For "Research and development" for the 
following 
programs: 
(A) 
United 
States 
International 
Space 
Station, 
$900,000,000 for fiscal year 1989, $2,130,200,000 for fiscal 
year 1990, and $2,912,500,000 for fiscal year 1991. 
(BXi) Space 
transportation 
capability 
development, 
$606,600,000. 
(ii) In addition to the funds authorized pursuant to this 
section, there are authorized to be appropriated for space 
transportation capability development any additional funds 
transferred to the Administration from any other agency 
pursuant to a fiscal year 1989 appropriations Act. 
(C) Physics and astronomy, $761,600,000. 
(D) Life sciences, $91,700,000. 
(E) Planetary exploration, $410,300,000. 
(F) Space applications, $628,300,000. 
(G) Technology utilization, $19,100,000; provided, how-
ever, that the Administrator shall contract for implementa-
tion of the Industrial Applications Center located in 
PUBLIC LAW 100-685—NOV. 17, 1988 
102 STAT. 4087 
Oklahoma through the National Aeronautics and Space 
Administration's Rural Technology Applications Team. 
(H) Ck)mmercial use of space, $38,800,000. 
(I) Aeronautical research and technology, $404,200,000. 
(J) 
Transatmospheric 
research 
and 
technology, 
$69,400,000. 
(K) Space research and technology, $350,900,000. 
(L) Safety, reliability, and quality assurance, $22,400,000. 
(M) Tracking and data advanced systems, $18,800,000. 
(2) For "Space flight, control and data communications" for 
the following programs: 
(A) Space shuttle production and operational capability, 
- $1,335,500,000, of which $51,000,000 is provided for the 
advanced solid rocket motor program. 
(BXi) Space transportation operations, $2,365,400,000, 
including such funds as may be necessary to ensure the 
availability of ammonium perchlorate for the production of 
solid rocket motors. 
(ii) In addition to the funds authorized pursuant to this 
section, there are authorized to be appropriated for space 
transportation operations any additional funds transferred 
to the National Aeronautics and Space Administration 
from any other agency pursuant to a fiscal year 1989 
appropriations Act. 
(C) Space and ground network communications and data 
systems, $985,300,000. 
(3) For "Construction of facilities", including land acquisition 
as follows: 
(A) Modifications to processing Technology Facility for 
Space Station, Marshall Space Flight Center, $3,700,000. 
(B) Construction of Addition for Space Systems Auto-
mated Integration and Assembly Facility, Johnson Space 
Center, $9,200,000. 
(C) Replacement of High Pressure Gas Storage Vessels, 
National Space Technology Laboratory, $3,500,000. 
(D) Increase Chiller Capacity, LC-39 Utility Annex, Ken-
nedy Space Center, $2,300,000. 
(E) Rehabilitation of PAD A, L-C 39, Kennedy Space 
Center, $4,600,000. 
(F) Refurbish Atmospheric Reentry Materials and Struc-
tures 
Evaluation 
Facility, 
Johnson 
Space 
Center, 
$4,900,000. 
(G) Modification for Advanced Engine Development, Test 
Stand 116, Marshall Space Flight Center, $13,500,000. 
(H) Modifications to Orbiter Modification and Refurbish-
ment Facility (OMRF) for Safing and Deservicing, Kennedy 
Space Center, $2,800,000. 
(I) Modification to the X-Ray Calibration Facility (XRCF), 
Marshall Space Flight Center, $11,400,000. 
(J) Construction of Auxiliary Chiller Facility, Johnson 
Space Center, $7,800,000. 
(K) Modernization of Space Environment Simulator, God-
dard Space Flight Center, $2,800,000. 
(L) Modifications for Utility Reliability, Goddard Space 
Flight Center, $3,100,000. 
(M) Refurbishment of 25-Foot Space Simulator, Jet 
Propulsion Laboratory, $12,000,000. 
102 STAT. 4088 
PUBLIC LAW 100-685—NOV. 17, 1988 
(N) Repair and Modifications of 12-Foot Pressure Wind 
Tunnel, Ames Research Center, $36,500,000. 
(O) Rehabilitation and Modifications to 10x10 Supersonic 
Wind Tunnel, Lewis Research Center, $14,500,000. 
CP) Refurbishment to Hypersonic Facilities Complex, 
Langley Research Center, $12,800,000. 
(Q) Refurbishment of Electric Power Laboratory, Lewis 
Research Center, $6,100,000. 
(R) Construction of National Resource Protection at 
various locations, $2,600,000. 
(S) Repair of facilities at various locations, not in excess 
of $750,000 per project, $27,000,000. 
(T) Rehabilitation and modification of facilities at various 
locations, not in excess of $750,000 per project, $34,000,000. 
(U) Minor construction of new facilities and additions to 
existing facilities at various locations, not in excess of 
$500,000 per project, $9,000,000. 
(V) 
Environmental 
compliance 
and 
restoration, 
$26,000,000. 
(W) Facility planning and design not otherwise provided 
for, $20,000,000. 
(X) Construction of an advanced solid rocket motor 
facility, $27,000,000. 
Of the amounts authorized pursuant to subparagraphs (S) 
through (W), the Administrator may obligate up to $5,600,000 in 
order to expand the Launch Complex-39 Operation Support 
Building at the Kennedy Space Center. Notwithstanding sub-
paragraphs (A) through (X), the total amount authorized by this 
paragraph shall not exceed $290,100,000. 
(4) For "Research and program management", $1,915,000,000. 
Contracts. 
0>) Notwithstanding the provisions of subsection (e), appropria-
Grants. 
tions authorized in this title for "Research and development" and 
"Space flight, control and data communications" may be used for (1) 
any items of a capital nature (other than acquisition of land) which 
may be required at locations other than installations of the 
Administration for the performance of research and development 
contracts, and (2) for grants to nonprofit institutions of higher 
education, or to nonprofit organizations whose primary purpose is 
the conduct of scientific research, for purchase or construction of 
additional research facilities; and title to such facilities shall be 
vested in the United States unless the Administrator of the National 
Aeronautics and Space Administration (hereafter in this title re-
ferred to as the 'Administrator') determines that the national pro-
gram of aeronautical and space activities will best be served by 
vesting title in any such grantee institution or organization. Each 
such grant shall be made under such conditions as the Adminis-
trator shall determine to be required to ensure that the United 
States will receive therefrom benefit adequate to justify the making 
of that grant. None of the funds appropriated for "Research and 
development" and "Space flight, control and data communications" 
pursuant to this title may be used in accordance with this subsection 
for the construction of any major facility, the estimated cost of 
which, including collateral equipment, exceeds $500,000, unless the 
Administrator or the Administrator's designee has notified the 
President of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representa-
tives and the CJommittee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation 
of the Senate and the (Dommittee on Science, Space, and Technol-
PUBLIC LAW 100-685—NOV. 17, 1988 
102 STAT. 4089 
ogy of the House of Representatives of the nature, location, and 
estimated cost of such facility. 
(c) When so specified and to the extent provided in an appropria-
tion Act, (1) any amount appropriated for "Research and develop-
ment", for "Space flight, control and data communications", or for 
"Construction of facilities" may remain available without fiscal year 
limitation, and (2) maintenance and operation of facilities, and 
support services contracts may be entered into under the "Research 
and program management" appropriation for periods not in excess 
of twelve months beginning at any time during the fiscal year. 
(d) Appropriations made pursuant to subsection (a)(4) may be used, 
but not to exceed $35,000, for scientific consultation or extraor-
dinary expenses upon the approval or authority of the Adminis-
trator, and the Administrator's determination shall be final and 
conclusive upon the accounting officers of the Government. 
(e)(1) Funds appropriated pursuant to subsection (a)(1), (2), and (4) 
may be used for the construction of new facilities and additions to, 
repair, rehabilitation, or modification of existing facilities, provided 
the cost of each such project, including collateral equipment, does 
not exceed $100,000. 
(2) Funds appropriated pursuant to subsection (a) (1) and (2) may 
be used for unforeseen programmatic facility project needs, provided 
the cost of each such project, including collateral equipment, does 
not exceed $500,000. 
(3) Funds appropriated pursuant to subsection (a)(4) may be used 
for such work on facilities controlled by the General Services 
Administration, provided the cost of each such project, including 
collateral equipment, does not exceed $500,000. 
(f) Of the amounts authorized pursuant to subsection (a) (1) 
through (4), up to $8,000,000 may be made available for the National 
Space Grant College and Fellowship program established under the 
National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act 
of 1988 (Public Law 100-147). 
Contracts. 
42 u s e 2459a. 
CONSTRUCTION OF FACILITIES REPROGRAMMING 
SEC. 202. Authorization is hereby granted whereby any of the 
amounts prescribed in section 201(a)(3) (A) through (X)— 
(1) may be varied upward 10 percent, in the discretion of the 
Administrator or the Administrator's designee, or 
(2) following a report by the Administrator or the Administra-
tor's designee to the Committee on Science, Space, and Tech-
nology of the House of Representatives and the Committee on 
Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate on the 
circumstances of such, may be varied upward 25 percent to meet 
unusual cost variations. 
The total cost of all work authorized under paragraphs (1) and (2) 
shall not exceed the total of the amounts specified in section 
201(a)(3) (A) through (X). 
Reports. 
SPECIAL REPROGRAMMING AUTHORITY FOR CONSTRUCTION OF 
FACIUTIES 
SEC. 203. Where the Administrator determines that new develop-
ments or scientific or engineering changes in the national program 
of aeronautical and space activities have occurred; and that such 
changes require the use of additional funds for the purposes of 
102 STAT. 4090 
PUBLIC LAW 100-685—NOV. 17, 1988 
Reports. 
construction, expansion, or modification of facilities at any location; 
and that deferral of such action until the enactment of the next 
authorization Act would be inconsistent with the interest of the 
Nation in aeronautical and space activities; the Administrator may 
transfer not to exceed V
a of 1 percent of the funds appropriated 
pursuant to section 201(a) (1) or (2) to the "Construction of facilities" 
appropriation for such purposes. The Administrator may also use up 
to $10,000,000 of the amounts authorized under section 201(aX3) for 
such purposes. The funds so made available pursuant to this section 
may be expended to acquire, construct, convert, rehabilitate, or 
install permanent or temporary public works, including land ac-
quisition, site preparation, appurtenances, utilities, and equipment. 
No such funds may be obligated until a period of 30 days has passed 
after the Administrator or the Administrator's designee has 
transmitted to the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of 
the House of Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, 
Science, and Transportation of the Senate a written report describ-
ing the nature of the construction, its cost, and the reasons therefor. 
42 u s e 2459 
note. 
42 u s e 2456a. 
Regulations. 
LIMITATIONS ON AUTHORITY 
SEC. 204. Notwithstanding any other provision of this Act— 
(1) no amount appropriated pursuant to this Act may be used 
for any program deleted by the Congress from requests £is 
originally made to either the House Committee on Science, 
Space, and Technology or the Senate Committee on Commerce, 
Science, and Transportation; 
(2) no amount appropriated pursuant to this Act may be used 
for any program in excess of the amount actually authorized for 
that particular program by section 201(a) (1), (2), and (4); and 
(3) no amount appropriated pursuant to this Act may be used 
for any program which has not been presented to either such 
committee, 
unless a period of thirty days has passed after the receipt by the 
Speaker of the House of Representatives and the President of the 
Senate and each such committee, of notice given by the Adminis-
trator or his designee containing a full and complete statement of 
the action proposed to be taken and the facts and circumstances 
relied upon in support of such proposed action. 
GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION OF RESEARCH FUNDS 
SEC. 205. It is the sense of the Congress that it is in the national 
interest that consideration be given to the widest geographical 
distribution of Federal research funds whenever feasible, and that 
the National Aeronautics and Space Administration should explore 
ways and means of distributing its research and development funds 
whenever feasible. 
ARREST AUTHORITY 
SEC. 206. Section 304 of the National Aeronautics and Space Act of 
1958 is amended by adding at the end the following new subsection: 
"(f) Under regulations to be prescribed by the Administrator and 
approved by the Attorney General of the United States, those 
employees of the Administration and of its contractors and sub-
contractors authorized to carry firearms under subsection (e) may 
arrest without warrant for any offense against the United States 
, » ^ ^ 5 ^ 
PUBLIC LAW 100-685—NOV. 17, 1988 
102 STAT. 4091 
committed in their presence, or for any felony cc^nizable under the 
laws of the United States if they have reasonable grounds to believe 
that the person to be arrested has committed or is committing such 
felony. Persons granted authority to make arrests by this subsection 
may exercise that authority only while guarding and protecting 
property owned or leased by, or under the control of, the United 
States under the administration and control of the Administration 
or one of its contractors or subcontractors, at facilities owned by or 
contracted to Hie Administration.". 
ADVANCED SOLID ROCKET MOTOR AUTHORITY 
SHC. 207. If, after evaluation of proposals received in response to 
the request for proposals for an advanced solid rocket motor re-
quired by section 121(b) of the National Aeronautics and Space 
Administration Authorization Act of 1988 (Public Law 100-147; 
101 Stat. 868), the Administrator determines that it is in the best 
interests of the United States to select a proposal offering a pri-
vately financed and non-Govemment-owned production facility to 
be constructed on a Government or non-Government site, funds 
otherwise authorized in section 201(aK3KX) of this Act for the 
construction of a Government-owned production facility on a 
Gk>vemment-owned site shall be available, without fiscal year 
limitation, for that purpose. 
STUDIES ON MICROGRAVrrr RESEARCH CAPABILITY 
SEC. 208. (a) The Administrator shall contract with the National Contracts. 
Academy of Sciences to undertake a review of the Nation's Reports. 
microgravity research capability and issue a report addressing— 
(1) the scientific and commercial value to the Nation of 
achieving a man-tended capability through a Commercially 
Developed Space Facility (CDSF) prior to man-tended operations 
of the space station; 
(2) the technical characteristics of a CDSF that would enable 
its optimum use; 
(3) the anticipated microgravity research and manufacturing 
requirements of commercial users and the Government; 
(4) the extent to which existing and proposed facilities could 
support these requirements; 
(5) the likelihood that a CDSF would become commercially 
self-sustaining and an estimate of when that could occur; 
(6) the state of space automation technology and its relevance 
to the capabilities required for a CDSF; 
(7) how a decision by the Government to lease facilities on a 
CDSF might affect the viability of other proposed commercial 
microgravity research faciUties; and 
(8) tiie effect a commitment to the CDSF would have on the 
current space transportation system launch schedule. 
(b) The Administrator shall contract with the National Academy Contracts. 
of PubUc Administration to— 
(1) estimate the developmental, operational, and other costs to 
the Government associated with a CDSF; 
(2) consider the practicability of various financial options by 
which the Government could participate in a CE^F, including 
leasing, lease-purchase, and purchase; 
(3) consider, as r^ards the lease option, instead of providing 
for a flat level of lease obligations, the practicability of reducing 
102 STAT. 4092 
PUBLIC LAW 100-685—NOV. 17, 1988 
Reports. 
on a yearly basis the level of Government lease operations 
during the years of operation of a CDSF; and 
(4) consider, as regards the lease option, the practicability of 
making the minimum levels of Government lease obligations in 
the years of operation of a CDSF contingent on the attachment, 
by the CDSF operator, of certain minimum levels of irrevocable 
contract commitments with entities other than the United 
States Government, 
(c) Based on the above reports, the Administrator shall provide a 
report to the House Committee on Science, Space, and Technology 
and the Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transpor-
tation with policy options related to a CDSF and microgravity 
facilities, to be delivered no later than May 15,1989. 
BUY AMERICAN 
Contracts. 
SEC. 209. (a) The Administrator shall award to a domestic firm a 
contract that, under the use of competitive procedures, would be 
awarded to a foreign firm, if— 
(1) the final product of the domestic firm will be completely 
assembled in the United States; 
(2) when completely assembled, not less than 50 percent of the 
final product of the domestic firm will be domestically produced; 
and 
(3) the difference between the bids submitted by the foreign 
and domestic firms is not more than 6 percent. 
(b) This section shall not apply to the extent to which— 
(1) such applicability would not be in the public interest; 
(2) compelling national security considerations require other-
wise; or 
(3) the United States Trade Representative determines that 
such an award would be in violation of the General Agreement 
on Tariffs and Trade or an international agreement to which 
the United States is a party. 
(c) For purposes of this section— 
(1) the term "domestic firm" means a business entity that is 
organized under the laws of the United States and that conducts 
business operations in the United States; and 
(2) the term "foreign firm" means a business entity not 
described in paragraph (1). 
(d) This section shall apply only to contracts for which— 
(1) amounts are made available pursuant to this Act; and 
(2) solicitations for bids are issued after the date of the 
enactment of this Act. 
Science and 
technology. 
Union of Soviet 
Socialist 
Republics. 
INTERNATIONAL SPACE DOCKING CAPABIUTY 
SEC. 210. (a) It is the sense of Congress that the Administrator 
should establish a multilateral working group of representatives 
from the space agencies of appropriate spacefaring nations, includ-
ing the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, and from appropriate 
international entities, to explore the technological and procedural 
principles that would be necessary to achieve an international space 
docking capability, and the establishment of international docking 
interface standards for addressing requirements for compatible 
interfaces for docking, communications, and life support systems. 
•.»f;-<fS«*^. 
PUBLIC LAW 100-685—NOV. 17, 1988 
102 STAT. 4093 
and also space rescue missions which could particularly benefit from 
the use of such a capability. 
(b) Within 6 months after the date of the enactment of this Act, 
the Administrator shall advise the Congress on the status of 
establishing an International Space Docking Working Group as 
recommended in subsection (a). 
JOHN C. STENNIS SPACE CENTER 
SEC. 211. The National Space Technology Laboratories of the 
National Aeronautics and Space Administration located in Bay St. 
Louis, Mississippi, is named and designated as the "John C. Stennis 
Space Center". Any reference in a law, map, regulation, document, 
record, or other paper of the United States to such center shall be 
held to be a reference to the "John C. Stennis Space Center". 
OUTER SOLAR SYSTEM EXPLORATION 
SEC. 212. The Administrator, in coordination with the Secretary of 
Energy, for the purpose of outer solar system exploration, may 
request and receive such quantities of nuclear fuel as are necessary 
only for the specific mission, on terms and at costs as may be agreed 
upon. Nothing in this section authorizes the providing of such 
nuclear fuel on those terms for any other purpose or its diversion for 
any other use. 
COMMERCIAL SPACE LAUNCH ACT AUTHORIZATION 
SEC. 213. Section 24 of the Commercial Space Launch Act (49 App. 
U.S.C. 2623) is amended by adding at the end thereof the following: 
"There is authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out 
this Act $3,827,000 for fiscal year 1989.". 
NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ACT OF 1958 AMENDMENT 
SEC. 214. Section 102(c) of the National Aeronautics and Space Act 
of 1958 (42 U.S.C. 2451(c)) is amended— 
(1) by striking "and" at the end of paragraph (7); 
(2) by striking the period at the end of paragraph (8) and 
inserting in lieu thereof "; and"; and 
(3) by adding at the end the following new paragraph: 
"(9) The preservation of the United States preeminent posi-
tion in aeronautics and space through research and technology 
development related to associated manufacturing processes.'. 
DRUG-FREE WORKPLACE 
SEC. 215. (a) No funds authorized to be appropriated under this 
Act, or under any other Act authorizing appropriations for fiscal 
year 1989 through 1993 for the Administration, shall be obligated or 
expended unless the Administration has in place, and will continue 
to administer in good faith, a written policy designed to ensure that 
all of its workplaces are free from the illegal use, possession, or 
distribution of controlled substances (as defined in the Controlled 
Substances Act) by the officers and employees of the Adminis-
tration. 
(b) No funds authorized to be appropriated to the Administration 
for fiscal years 1989 through 1993 shall be available for payment in 
connection with any grant, contract, or other agreement, unless the 
Mississippi. 
Science and 
technology. 
42 u s e 2459 
note. 
102 STAT. 4094 
PUBLIC LAW 100-685—NOV. 17, 1988 
recipient of such grant, contractor, or party to such agreement, as 
the case may be, has in place and will continue to administer in good 
faith a written policy, adopted by the board of directors or other 
government authority of such recipient, contractor, or party, satis-
factory to the Administrator of the Administration, designed to 
ensure that all of the workplaces of such recipient, contractor, or 
party are free from the illegal use, possession, or distribution of 
controlled substances (as defined in the Controlled Substances Act) 
by the officers and employees of such recipient, contractor, or party, 
(c) The provisions of this section, and the provisions of the Steel 
and Aluminum Energy Conservation and Technology Competitive-
ness Act of 1988, the National Institute of Standards and Tech-
nology Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1989, the National Science 
Foundation Authorization Act for Fiscal Years 1989 and 1990, and 
the National Nutrition Monitoring and Related Research Act of 
1988, relating to a drug-free workplace, shall not be effective until 
January 16,1989. 
OHIO CENTER FOR AEROSPACE 
SEC. 216. (a) The Administrator may, without regard to section 321 
of the Act of June 30,1932 (40 U.S.C. 303b), and on such terms as the 
Administrator may deem to be appropriate, lease, for a term not to 
exceed 99 years, real property located at the Lewis Research Center 
in Cuyahoga County, to the State of Ohio, or a subdivision or agent 
thereof, or to a corporation or foundation organized exclusively for 
educational or scientific purposes which is exempt from taxation 
under section 501(cX3) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 
(26 U.S.C. 501(cX3)), or to any other not-for-profit entity, for the purpose 
of the construction and operation thereon of an Institute whose 
purpose is the conduct of aeronautical and space research, the 
education and training of aeronautical and space engineers, and the 
transfer of aeronautical and space technology between the United 
States public and private sectors. This lease shall be renewable for 
additional periods in the discretion of the Administrator. 
(b) Subject to the availability of appropriations therefor, the 
Administrator may enter into agreements, on such terms £is the 
Administrator may deem to be appropriate, with the State of Ohio, 
or a subdivision or agent therefor, or with a corporation or founda-
tion organized exclusively for educational or scientific purposes 
which is exempt from taxation under section 501(cX3) of the Internal 
Revenue Code of 1986 (26 U.S.C. 501(cX3)), or to any other not-for-
profit entity, pursuant to which the Administration may provide 
administrative, maintenance, instructional, and other appropriate 
support, with or without reimbursement, to an Institute whose 
purpose is the conduct of aeronautical and space research, the 
education and training of aeronautical and space engineers, and the 
transfer of aeronautical and space technology between the United 
States public and private sectors. 
(c) The Administrator may redelegate the authority conferred in 
subsections (a) and (b), to such subordinate officers and employees as 
the Administrator may designate. 
SPACE SETTLEMENTS 
42 use 2451 
SEC. 217. (a) The Congress declares that the extension of human 
"0*®- 
life beyond Earth's atmosphere, leading ultimately to the establish-
ment of space settlements, will fulfill the purposes of advancing 
PUBLIC LAW 100-685—NOV. 17,1988 
102 STAT. 4095 
science, exploration, and development and will enhance the general 
welfare. 
(b) In pursuit of the establishment of an International Space Year 
in 1992 pursuant to Public Law 99-170, the United States shall 
exercise leadership and mobilize the international community in 
furtherance of increasing mankind's knowledge and exploration of 
the solar system. 
(c) Once every 2 years after the date of the enactment of this Act, Reports, 
the National Aeronautics and Space Administration shall submit a 
report to the President and to the Congress which— 
(1) provides a review of all activities undertaken under this 
section including an analysis of the focused research and devel-
opment activities on the Space Station, Moon, and other out-
posts that are necessary to accomplish a manned mission to 
Mars; 
(2) analyzes ways in which current science and technology can 
be applied in the establishment of space settlements; 
(3) identifies 
scientific 
and 
technological 
capacity 
for 
establishing space settlements, including a description of what 
steps must be taken to develop such capacity; 
(4) examines alternative space settlement locations and 
architectures; 
(5) examines the status of technologies necessary 
for 
extraterrestrial resource development and use and energy 
production; 
(6) reviews the ways in which the existence of space settle-
ments would enhance science, exploration, and development; 
(7) reviews mechanisms and institutional options which could 
foster a broad-based plan for international cooperation in 
establishing space settlements; 
(8) analyzes the economics of financing space settlements, 
especially with respect to private sector and international 
participation; 
(9) discusses sociological factors involved in space settlement 
such as psychology, political science, and legal issues; and 
(10) addresses such other topics £is the National Aeronautics 
and Space Administration considers appropriate. 
PEACEFUL 
USE 
OF 
SPACE 
STATION 
SEC. 218. No civil space station authorized under section 
201(a)(1)(A) of this Act may be used to carry or place in orbit any 
nuclear weapon or any other weapon of mass destruction, to install 
any such weapon on any celestial body, or to station any such 
weapon in space in any other manner. This civil space station may 
be used only for peaceful purposes. 
COMMERCIAL SPACE PROGRAMS 
SEC. 219. Section 201 of the National Institute of Standards and 
Technology Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1989 is amended by 15 USC 3704 
adding at the end the following new subsection: 
note. 
"(f) COMMERCIAL SPACE PROGRAMS.—Nothing in this section au-
thorizes the Department to establish an Office of Commercial Space 
Programs or to place such an office into the Technology Administra-
tion without prior authorization of the Congress.". 
102 STAT. 4096 
PUBLIC LAW 100-685—NOV. 17, 1988 
Science and 
TITLE HI—TEN YEAR STRATEGIC PLAN 
technology. 
42 use 2451 
note. 
AEBONAUnCS AND SPACE STRATEGIC PLAN 
SEC. 301. The Administrator should develop an aggressive and 
balanced plan of science and applications including but not limited 
to— 
(1) the robotic exploration of other solar system bodies; 
(2) the study and observation of other celestial bodies and 
phenomena at spectral wave lengths and resolutions that will 
enhance our understanding of the universe; 
(3) the enhanced study and monitoring of Earth as an inter-
acting system; 
(4) the development of a full understanding of the behavior of 
biological systems in the space environment; and 
(5) the development of a full understanding of ph3rsics and 
chemistry of the macroscopic behavior of materials in the 
microgravity environment. 
SPACE RESEABCH AND TECHNOLOGY STRATEGIC PLAN 
SEC. 302. The Administrator should develop an a^ressive and 
balanced plan of space research and technology including but not 
limited to— 
(1) fundamental and innovative research as the seedbed for 
enabling technologies for future civil space missions; 
(2) focused technology programs keyed to long range, high 
priority civil space missions; 
(3) technology research and demonstrations, extending labora-
tory activities from Earth to space-based facilities such as the 
Space Shuttle, Space Station, orbital platforms, and eventually 
the Moon and other planetary bodies; and 
(4) cooperation with, and service to, other space program 
sectors with advanced technology and use of ground and space-
based facilities. 
SPACE EXPLORATION STRATEGIC PLAN 
SEC. 303. The Administrator should develop a plan in pursuit of 
the continued manned exploration of the solar system and low-
Earth oibit, including but not limited to— 
(1) the establishment of an operational United States Inter-
national Space Station that shall be permanently manned; and 
(2) the development of those technolc^es and systems re-
quired for manned exploration of space beyond earth orbit. 
SPACE 
TRANSPORTATION 
STRATEGIC 
PLAN 
SEC. 304. The Administrator should develop a plan to improve the 
manned and unmanned space transportation S3nstem including— 
(1) the continued enhancement of the space shuttle and its 
ground siystem in order to increase safety and efficiency and 
reduce costs; 
(2) the completion of the development of a heavy-lift expend-
able launch vehicle if consistent with mission requirements of 
the Administration, the Department of Defense, and other Fed-
eral agencies; and 
PUBLIC LAW 100-685—NOV. 17, 1988 
102 STAT. 4097 
(3) the initiation of preliminary design activities for the next 
generation of a manned space launch system beyond the space 
shuttle. 
AERONAUTICAL RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT AND 
VALIDATION LONG-RANGE PLAN 
SEC. 305. The Administrator should develop a plan in pursuit of— 
(1) a vigorous program in aeronautics research and tech-
nology development and validation, empheisizing emerging tech-
nologies with the potential for breakthrough advances to 
enhance United States preeminence in civil and military avia-
tion; and 
(2) in cooperation with the Department of Defense, a tech-
nology development program (with an option for a flight dem-
onstration in 1995) to prove the feasibility of an air-breathing 
hypersonic aerospaceplane capable of single-stage-to-orbit oper-
ation and hypersonic cruise in the atmosphere. 
TITLE IV—AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS FOR THE 
NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION 
SEC. 40 L There are authorized to be appropriated to the Depart-
ment of Commerce to enable the National Oceanic and Atmospheric 
Administration to carry out the operations and research duties of 
the National Weather Service under law, $279,000,000 for fiscal year 
1989. Moneys appropriated pursuant to this authorization shall be 
used to fund those duties relating to National Weather Service 
operations and research specified by the Act of 1890, the Act of 1974, 
and any other law involving such duties. Such duties include mete-
orological, hydrological, and oceanographic public warnings and 
forecasts, EIS well as applied research in support of such warnings 
and forecasts. 
SEC. 402. (a) There are authorized to be appropriated to the 
Department of Commerce to enable the National Oceanic and At-
mospheric Administration to carry out its public warning and fore-
cast systems duties under law, $98,500,000 for fiscal year 1989. 
Moneys appropriated pursuant to this authorization shall be used to 
fund those duties relating to public warning and foreceist systems 
specified by the Act of 1890, the Act of 1947, and any other law 
involving such duties. Such duties include the development, acquisi-
tion, and implementation of major public warning and forecast 
systems. 
Ot)) In procuring information processing and telecommunications 
Contracts, 
services of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 
for the Advanced Weather Interactive Processing System, the Sec-
retary of Commerce (hereafter in this title referred to as the "Sec-
retary") may provide, in the contract or contracts for such services, 
for the payment for contingent liability of the Federal Government 
which may accrue in the event that the Government decides to 
terminate the contract before the expiration of the multiyear con-
tract period. Such contract or contracts for such services shall limit 
the payments which the Federal Government is allowed to make 
under such contract or contracts to amounts provided in advance in 
appropriation Acts. 
SEC. 403. (a) There are authorized to be appropriated to the 
Department of Commerce to enable the National Oceanic and At-
102 STAT. 4098 
PUBLIC LAW 100-685—NOV. 17, 1988 
mospheric Administration to carry out its climate and air quality 
research duties under law, $51,000,000 for fiscal year 1989. Moneys 
appropriated pursuant to this authorization shall be used to fund 
those duties relating to climate and air quality research specified by 
the Act of 1890, the Act of 1947, and any other law involving such 
duties. Such duties include the interannual and seasonal climate 
research long-term climate and air quality research, and the Na-
tional Climate Progam. 
(b) Of the sums authorized under subsection (a) of this section 
$3,238,000 for fiscal year 1989 are authorized to be appropriated for 
the activities under the National Climate Program Act (15 U.S.C. 
2901 et seq.). 
(c) Of the sums authorized under subsection (a) of this section, 
$12,000,000 for fiscal year 1989 are authorized to be appropriated to 
establish a program for the purposes of studying climate and global 
change. Such program shall augment and integrate existing pro-
grams of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and 
shall include global observations, monitoring, and data and informa-
tion management relating to the study of changes in the Earth's 
climatic system, fundamental research on critical oceanic and at-
mosphere processes, and climate prediction and diagnostics. 
SEC. 404. There are authorized to be appropriated to the Depart-
n;ent of Commerce to enable the National Oceanic and Atmospheric 
Administration to carry out its atmospheric research duties under 
law, $44,000,000 for fiscal year 1989. Moneys appropriated pursuant 
to this authorization shall be used to fund those duties relating to 
atmospheric research specified by the Act of 1890 and by any other 
law involving such duties. Such duties include research for develop-
ing improved production capabilities for atmospheric processes, as 
well as solar-terrestrial services and research. 
SEC. 405. (a) There are authorized to be appropriated to the 
Department of Commerce to enable the National Oceanic and At-
mospheric Administration to carry out its satellite observing sys-
tems duties under law, $383,000,000 for fiscal year 1989. Moneys 
appropriated pursuant to this authorization shall be used to fund 
those duties relating to data and information services specified by 
the Act of 1890 and by any other law involving such duties. Such 
duties include spacecraft procurement, launch, and associated 
ground station system changes involving polar orbiting and geo-
stationary environmental satellites and land remote-sensing sat-
ellites, as well as the operation of such satellites. 
(b) The authorization provided for under subsection (a) of this 
section shall be in addition to moneys authorized under the Land 
Remote-Sensing Commercialization Act of 1984 (15 U.S.C. 4201 et 
seq.) for the purpose of carrying out such duties relating to satellite 
observing systems. 
SEC. 406. There are authorized to be appropriated to the Depart-
ment of Commerce to enable the National Oceanic and Atmospheric 
Administration to carry out its data and information services duties 
under law, $25,000,000 for fiscal year 1989. Moneys appropriated 
pursuant to this authorization shall be used to fund those duties 
relating to data and information services specified by the Act of 1890 
and by any other law involving such duties. Such duties include 
climate data services, ocean data services, geophysical data services, 
and environmental assessment and information services. 
15 use 313 note. 
SEC. 407. (a) The Secretary shall prepare and submit to the 
Congress, not later than 90 days after the date of enactment of this 
PUBLIC LAW 100-685—NOV. 17, 1988 
102 STAT. 4099 
Act, a Ift-year strategic plan for the comprehensive modernization of 
the National Weather Service. The strategic plan shall set forth 
basic service improvement objectives of the modernization as well as 
the critical new technological components and the associated oper-
ational changes necessary to fulfill the objectives of weather and 
flood warning service improvements. 
(b) The Secretary shall prepare and submit to the Congress, by the 
banning of the fiscal year immediately following the fiscal year in 
wUch the strat^c plan required by subsection (a) of this section is 
submitted, a National Implementation Plan for modernization of 
the National Weather Service. The National Implementation Plan 
shall set forth the schedules for necessary actions to accomplish the 
objectives described in the strat^c plan, and the National 
Implementation Plan shall include— 
(1) detailed requirements for new technologies, facilities, staff-
ing levels, and fimding, for each of the two fiscal years imme-
diately following the fiscal year in which such National 
Implementation Plan is submitted, in accordance with the over-
aU schedule for modernization; 
(2) spedal measures to test, evaluate, and demonstrate key 
elements of the Modernized National Weather Service oper-
ations 
prior 
to 
national 
implementation, 
including 
a 
multistation 
operational 
demonstration 
which 
tests 
the 
performance of all components of the modernization in an 
int^rated manner for a sustained period; and 
(3) detailed plans and funding for meteorolo^cal research to 
be accomplished under this title to assure that new techniques 
in forecasting will be developed to utilize the new technol<^es 
being implemented in the modernization. 
(c) The Secretary shall submit a revised National Implementation 
Plan to the Congress at the banning of each successive fiscal year 
after the fiscal year in which the initial National Implementation 
Plan is submittcxL 
(d) In reviewing and revising the National Implementation Plan, 
the Secretary shall consult, as appropriate, with other Federal and 
public agencies responsible for providing or utilizing weather 
services. 
SHC. 408. (a) The Secretary shall not close, consolidate, automate, 15 USC 313 note. 
or relocate any Weather Service Office or Weather Service Forecast 
Office pursuant to the implementation of the strat^c plan required 
by section 407, except in accordance with this section. 
(b) The Secretary may not close, consolidate, automate, or relocate 
any such office unless the Secretary has certified to the Committee 
on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate and the 
Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of 
Representatives that such action will not result in any degradation 
of weather services provided to the affected area. Such certification 
shall include— 
(1) a detailed comparison of the services provided to the 
affected area and the services to be provided after such action; 
(2) any recent or expected modernization of National Weather 
Service operations which will enhance services in the affected 
area; and 
(3) evidence, based upon operational demonstration of mod-
ernized National Weather Service operations, which supports 
the conclusion that no d^radation in services will result from 
such action. 
102 STAT. 4100 
PUBLIC LAW 100-685—NOV. 17, 1988 
15 use 1534. 
State and local 
governments. 
Schools and 
colleges. 
International 
organizations. 
Ffederal Register, 
publication. 
Reports. 
SEC. 409. (a) Except as otherwise provided in this section, the 
Secretary is authorized to assess fees, based on fair market value, 
for access to environmental data archived by the National Environ-
mental Satellite, Data, and Information Service of the National 
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. 
(b)(1) The Secretary shall provide data described in subsection (a) 
to Federal, State, and local government agencies, to universities, 
and to other nonprofit institutions at the cost of reproduction and 
transmission, if such data is to be used for research and not for 
commercial purposes. 
(2) The Secretary shall waive the assessment of fees under subsec-
tion (a) as necessary to continue to provide data to foreign govern-
ments and international organizations on a data exchange basis or 
as otherwise provided by international agreement. 
(c) The initial schedule of any fees assessed under this section, and 
any subsequent amendment to such schedule, shall be published by 
the Secretary in the Federal Register at least 30 days before such 
fees will take effect. The initial schedule shall remain in effect 
without amendment for the three-year period beginning on the date 
that fees under the schedule take effect. 
(d) Any assessment of fees under this section shall meet the 
following requirements: 
(1) No fees shall be assessed under this section until after 
September 30,1989 
(2) With respect to the first one-year period during which the 
initial fee schedule is in effect, fees shall be assessed at no more 
than one-third of the fair market value specified in subsection 
(a). 
(3) With respect to the second one-year period during which 
the initial fee schedule is in effect, fees shall be assessed at not 
more than two-thirds of such fair market value. 
(4) With respect to the third one-year period during which the 
initial fee schedule is in effect, and with respect to any period 
thereafter, fees shall be sissessed at no more than the full 
amount of such fair market value. 
(e) Fees collected under this section shall be available to the 
National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service 
for expenses incurred in the operation of its data archive centers. 
(f) The Secretary shall, not later than 90 days after the date of 
enactment of this Act, submit to the Committee on Commerce, 
Science, and Transportation of the Senate and the Committee on 
Science, Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives a 
report which sets forth— 
(1) any plan of the Secretary for assessing fees under this 
section, including the methodology and bases by which the 
amount of such fees shall be determined, and the estimated 
revenues therefrom; and 
(2) any plan of the Secretary for using revenues generated 
from such fees, as well as other resources, to improve the 
capability of the National Environmental Satellite, Data, and 
Information Service to collect, manage, process, archive, and 
disseminate the increasing amounts of data generated from 
satellites, radars, and other technologies. 
(g) The authority of the Secretary to assess fees under this section 
shall be in addition to, and shall not be construed to limit, the 
authority under any other law to assess fees relating to the environ-
PUBLIC LAW 100-685—NOV. 17, 1988 
102 STAT. 4101 
mental data activities of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric 
Administration. 
SKC. 410. The Secretary, in consultation with the Secretary of 
State, the Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space 
Administration, and appropriate non-Federal organizations, shall 
submit to the Conunittee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation 
of the Senate and the Committee on Science, Space, and Technolc^y 
of the House of Representatives a plan to construct and operate a 
worldwide system of ground-based remote sensors to monitor the 
stratospheric levels of chemicals which can afTect the level of ozone 
in the stratosphere and to use these results to improve our under-
standing of the possible changes in stratospheric ozone that are the 
consequence of human activities. The plan shall include time lines 
for construction and operation of the system, a description of the 
roles of the National ()ceanic and Atmospheric Administration and 
the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, non-Federal 
organizations, other nations, and international organizations in con-
structing and operating the system, and estimates of the costs to 
construct and operate the system. Tlie plan shall be submitted not 
later than July 1,1989. 
SEC. 411. It is the sense of the Congress that the global change 
program represents a significant opportunity for international co-
operation and that it is in the best interest of the United States to 
maintain a separate civilian polar meteorological satellite program 
to facilitate data sharing with foreign participants in the global 
change program. 
SEC. 412. None of the funds authorized under this title shall be 
used to move from Kansas City, Missouri, the National Weather 
Service Training Center currently located at Kansas City, nor to 
close such Center, nor to contract out any function or activity 
performed by Federal employees as of the date of enactment of this 
Act. 
SEC. 413. For the purposes of this title, the term— 
(1) "Act of 1890" means the Act entitled "An Act to increase 
the efficiency and reduce the expenses of the Signal Corps of the 
Army, and to transfer the Weather Bureau to the Department 
of Agriculture", approved October 1, 1890 (26 Stat. 653); and 
(2) "Act of 1947" means the Act entitled "An Act to define the 
functions and duties of the Coast and Geodetic Survey, and for 
other purposes", approved August* 6, 1947 (33 U.S.C. 883a 
et seq.). 
SEC. 414. (aXD The National Weather Service of the National 
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration shall maintain an up-
dated data base describing the acid content in precipitation in the 
United States, using information from Federal acid precipitation 
monitorii^ sites. 
(2) Such data shall be available to interested parties by Weather 
Service Forecast Offices in the National Weather Service, or 
through such other facilities or means as the Assistant Adminis-
trator for Weather Services, National Oceanic and Atmospheric 
Administration, shall direct, for those areas of the United States 
where and at such time as such information is presently available, 
within 120 days after the date of the enactment of th^ Act. 
(3) Where other Federal agencies collect such data in the course of 
carrjring out their statutory missions, the heads of those agencies 
and the Administrator of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric 
Pollution. 
42 use 7454 
note. 
Missouri. 
Environmental 
protection. 
42 u s e 8906. 
102 STAT. 4102 
PUBLIC LAW 100-685—NOV. 17, 1988 
Administration shall arrange for the transfer of such data to the 
National Weather Service. 
(b) Nothing in this section shall be construed to require any 
Federal agency to establish any new acid precipitation monitoring 
site. 
TITLE V—NATIONAL SPACE COUNCIL 
NATIONAL SPACE COUNCIL 
Establishment. 
SEC. 501. (a) Effective February 1, 1989, there is established in the 
42 use 2471. 
Executive Office of the President the National Space Council, which 
shall be chaired by the Vice President. 
President of U.S. 
(b) By March 1, 1989, the President shall submit to the Congress a 
Reports. 
report that outlines the composition and functions of the National 
Space Council. 
President of U.S. 
(c) The Council may employ a staff of not more than seven 
persons, which is to be headed by a civilian executive secretary, who 
shall be appointed by the President. 
49 use app. 
TITLE VI—AIR TRAFFIC CONTROLLER PERFORMANCE 
1353 note. 
RESEARCH 
SEC. 601. FINDINGS.—The Congress finds as follows: 
(1) Research is needed to establish a more scientific approach 
for— 
(A) identifying future staffing requirements for the air 
traffic control system; and 
(B) developing tools needed for meeting those require-
ments. 
(2) The Federal Aviation Administration and the National 
Aeronautics and Space Administration each have unique exper-
tise and facilities for conducting research into the man-machine 
interface problems associated with a highly automated air traf-
fic control system. 
SEC. 602. STUDY ON INCREASED AUTOMATION.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—In order to develop the tools necessary for 
establishing appropriate selection criteria and training meth-
odologies for the next generation of air traffic controllers, the 
Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration shall 
conduct research to study the effect of automation on the 
performance of the next generation of air traffic controllers and 
the air traffic control system. 
(2) CONTENT.—Research conducted under paragraph (1) shall 
include investigation of the following: 
(A) Methods for improving and accelerating future air 
traffic controller training through the application of ad-
vanced training techniques, including use of simulation 
technology. 
(B) The role of future automation in the air traffic control 
system and its physical and psychological effects on air 
traffic controllers. 
(C) The attributes and aptitudes needed to function well 
in a highly automated air traffic control system, and devel-
opment of appropriate testing methods for identifying 
indivduals possessing those attributes and aptitudes. 
PUBLIC LAW 100-685—NOV. 17, 1988 
102 STAT. 4103 
(D) Innovative methods for training potential air traffic 
controllers to enhance the benefits of automation and maxi-
mize the efTectiveness of the air traffic control system. 
(E) New technol(^es and procedures for exploiting auto-
mated communication systems, including Mode S Tran-
sponders, to improve information transfers between air 
traffic controllers and aircraft pilots. 
(3) REa>ORT.—Not later than 6 months after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Administrator of the Federal Avia-
tion Administration shall report to the Congress the Adminis-
trator's plans for conducting research under this section. 
SEC. 603. AGREEBCENT WITH ADBONISTRATOR OF NASA.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—^The Administrator of the Federal Aviation 
Administration may enter into an agreement with the Adminis-
trator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration 
for use of their unique human factor facilities and expertise in 
conducting research activities to study the human factor aspects 
of the highly automated environment for the next generation of 
air traffic controllers. 
(2) CONTENT.—Research under this section shall include inves-
tigation of the following: 
(A) Human perceptual capabilities and the effect of 
computer-aided decision making on the workload and 
performance of air traffic controllers. 
(B) Information management techniques for advanced air 
traffic control display systems. 
(C) Air traffic controUer workload and performance meas-
ures, including development of predictive models. 
SEC. 604. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—For conducting re-
search under this title there are authorized to be appropriated, from 
amounts in the Airport and Airway Trust Fund which are available 
for research and development, such sums as may be necessary. 
Approved November 17, 1988. 
LEGISLATIVE HISTORY—S. 2209 (H.R. 4561): 
HOUSE REPORTS: No. 100-650 accompanying H.R. 4561 (Comm. on Science, Space, 
and Technology). 
SENATE REPORTS: No. 100-429 (Ck)mm. on Ck)mnierce, Science, and 
Transportation). 
CONGRESSIONAL RECORD, VoL 134 (1988): 
June 2, H.R. 4561 considered and passed House. 
Aug. 9, S. 2209 considered and passed Senate. 
Oct. 19, considered and passed House, {imended. 
'* 
Oct. 21, Senate concurred in House amendment. 
ift-iQ^ n—m_Poi+ !