School-to-Work Opportunities Act of 1994
PL 103-239 (H.R.2884), enacted 05/04/1994

108 STAT. 568 
PUBLIC LAW 103-239—MAY 4, 1994 
Public Law 103-239 
103d Congress 
An Act 
May 4, 1994 
To establish a national framework for the development of School-to-Work Opportuni-
[H.R. 2884] 
ties systems in all States, and for other purposes. 
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of 
School-to-Work 
the United States of 
America in Congress assembled, 
Opportunities 
Act of 1994. 
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS. 
note^^^^^ 
(a) SHORT TITLE.—This Act may be cited as the "School-to-
Work Opportunities Act of 1994". 
(b) TABLE OF CONTENTS.—The table of contents is as follows: 
Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents. 
Sec. 2. Findings. 
Sec. 3. Purposes and congressional intent. 
Sec. 4. Definitions. 
Sec. 5. Federal administration. 
TITLE I-SCHOOL-TO-WORK OPPORTUNITIES BASIC PROGRAM 
COMPONENTS 
Sec. 101. General program requirements. 
Sec. 102. School-based learning component. 
Sec. 103. Work-based learning component. 
Sec. 104. Connecting activities component. 
TITLE II—SCHOOL-TO-WORK OPPORTUNITIES SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT 
AND IMPLEMENTATION GRANTS TO STATES 
Subtitle A—State Development Grants 
Sec. 201. Purpose. 
Sec. 202. Authorization. 
Sec. 203. Application. 
Sec. 204. Approval of application. 
Sec. 205. Use of amounts. 
Sec. 206. Maintenance of effort. 
Sec. 207. Reports. 
Subtitle B—State Implementation Grants 
Sec. 211. Purpose. 
Sec. 212. Authorization. 
Sec. 213. Application. 
Sec. 214. Review of application. 
Sec. 215. Use of amounts. 
Sec. 216. Allocation requirement. 
Sec. 217. Limitation on administrative costs. 
Sec. 218. Reports. 
Subtitle C—Development and Implementation Grants for School-to-Work Programs 
for Indian Youths 
Sec. 221. Authorization. 
Sec. 222. Requirements. 
TITLE III—FEDERAL IMPLEMENTATION GRA>rrS TO LOCAL 
PARTNERSHIPS 
Sec. 301. Purposes. 
PUBLIC LAW 103-239—MAY 4, 1994 
108 STAT. 569 
Sec. 302. Authorization. 
Sec. 303. Application. 
Sec. 304. Use of amounts. 
Sec. 305. Conformity with approved State plan. 
Sec. 306. Reports. 
Sec. 307. High poverty area defined. 
TITLE IV—NATIONAL PROGRAMS 
Sec. 401. Research, demonstration, and other projects. 
Sec. 402. Performance outcomes and evaluation. 
Sec. 403. Training and technical assistance. 
Sec. 404. Capacity building and information and dissemination network. 
Sec. 405. Reports to Congress. 
Sec. 406. Funding. 
TITLE V—WAIVER OF STATUTORY AND REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS 
Sec. 501. State and local partnership requests and responsibilities for waivers. 
Sec. 502. Waiver authority of Secretory of Education. 
Sec. 503. Waiver authority of Secretary of Labor. 
Sec. 504. Combination of Federal funds for high poverty schools. 
Sec. 505. Combination of Federal funds by States for school-to-work activities. 
TITLE VI—GENERAL PROVISIONS 
Sec. 601. Requirements. 
Sec. 602. Sanctions. 
Sec. 603. State authority. 
Sec. 604. Prohibition on Federal mandates, direction, and control. 
Sec. 605. Authorization of appropriations. 
TITLE VII—OTHER PROGRAMS 
Subtitle A—^Reauthorization of Job Training for the Homeless Demonstration 
Program Under the Stewart B. McKinney Homeless Assistance Act 
Sec. 701. Reauthorization. 
Subtitle B—^Tech-Prep Programs 
Sec. 711. Tech-prep education. 
Subtitle C—^Alaska Native Art and Culture 
Sec. 721. Short title. 
Sec. 722. Alaska Native art and culture. 
Subtitle D—Job Training 
Sec. 731. Amendment to Job Training Partnership Act to provide allowances for 
child care costs to certain individuals participating in the Job Corps. 
TITLE VIII—TECHNICAL PROVISIONS 
Sec. 801. Effective date. 
Sec. 802. Sunset. 
SEC. 2. FINDINGS. 
20 USC 6101. 
Congress finds that— 
(1) three-fourths of high school students in the United 
States enter the workforce without baccalaureate degrees, and 
many do not possess the academic and entry-level occupational 
skills necessary to succeed in the changing United States work-
place; 
(2) a substantial number of youths in the United States, 
especially disadvantaged students, students of diverse racial, 
ethnic, and cultural backgrounds, and students with disabil-
ities, do not complete high school; 
(3) imemployment among youths in the United States is 
intolerably high, and earnings of high school graduates have 
been falling relative to earnings of individuals with more edu-
cation; 
(4) the workplace in the United States is changing in 
response to heightened international competition and new tech-
108 STAT. 570 
PUBLIC LAW 103-239—MAY 4, 1994 
nologies, and such forces, which are ultimately beneficial to 
the Nation, are shrinking the demand for and undermining 
the earning power of unskilled labor; 
(5) the United States lacks a comprehensive and coherent 
system to help its youths acquire the knowledge, skills, abilities, 
and information about and access to the labor market necessary 
to make an effective transition from school to career-oriented 
work or to further education and training; 
(6) students in the United States can achieve high academic 
and occupational standards, and many learn better and retain 
more when the students learn in context, rather than in the 
abstract; 
(7) while many students in the United States have part-
time jobs, there is infrequent linkage between— 
(A) such jobs; and 
(B) the career planning or exploration, or the school-
based learning, of such students; 
(8) the work-based learning approach, which is modeled 
after the time-honored apprenticeship concept, integrates theo-
retical instruction with structured on-the-job training, and this 
approach, combined with school-based learning, can be very 
effective in engaging student interest, enhancing skill acquisi-
tion, developing positive work attitudes, and preparing youths 
for high-skill, high-wage careers; 
(9) Federal resources currently fund a series of categorical, 
work-related education and training programs, many of which 
serve disadvantaged youths, that are not administered as a 
coherent whole; and 
(10) in 1992 approximately 3,400,000 individuals in the 
United States age 16 through 24 had not completed high school 
and were not currently enrolled in school, a number represent-
ing approximately 11 percent of all individuals in this age 
group, which indicates that these young persons are particu-
larly imprepared for the demands of a 21st century workforce. 
20 use 6102. 
SEC. 3. PURPOSES AND CONGRESSIONAL INTENT. 
(a) PURPOSES.—The purposes of this Act are— 
(1) to establish a national framework within which all 
States can create statewide School-to-Work Opportunities sys-
tems that— 
(A) are a part of comprehensive education reform; 
(B) are integrated with the systems developed imder 
the Goals 2000: Educate America Act and the National 
Skill Standards Act of 1994; and 
(C) offer opportunities for all students to participate 
in a performance-based education and training program 
that will— 
(i) enable the students to earn portable credentials; 
(ii) prepare the students for first jobs in high-
skill, high-wage careers; and 
(iii) increase their opportunities for further edu-
cation, including education in a 4-year college or 
university; 
(2) to facilitate the creation of a universal, high-quality 
school-to-work transition system that enables youths in the 
United States to identify and navigate paths to productive 
and progressively more rewarding roles in tne workplace; 
PUBLIC LAW 103-239—MAY 4, 1994 
108 STAT. 571 
(3) to utilize workplaces as active learning environments 
in the educational process by making employers joint partners 
with educators in providing opportunities for all students to 
participate in high-quality, work-based learning experiences; 
(4) to use Federal funds under this Act as venture capital, 
to underwrite the initial costs of planning and establishing 
statewide School-to-Work Opportunities systems that will be 
maintained with other Federal, State, and local resources; 
(5) to promote the formation of local partnerships that 
are dedicated to linking the worlds of school and work among 
secondary schools and postsecondary educational institutions, 
private and public employers, labor organizations, government, 
community-based organizations, parents, students. State edu-
cational agencies, local educational agencies, and training and 
human service agencies; 
(6) to promote the formation of local partnerships between 
elementary schools and secondary schools (including middle 
schools) and local businesses as an investment in future work-
place productivity and competitiveness; 
(7) to help all students attain high academic and occupa-
tional standards; 
(8) to build on and advance a range of promising school-
to-work 
activities, 
such 
as 
tech-prep 
education, 
career 
academies, 
school-to-apprenticeship 
programs, 
cooperative 
education, youth apprenticeship, school-sponsored enterprises, 
business-education compacts, and promising strategies that 
assist school dropouts, that can be developed into programs 
funded under this Act; 
(9) to improve the knowledge and skills of youths by 
integrating academic and occupational learning, integrating 
school-based and work-based learning, and building effective 
linkages between secondary and postsecondary education; 
(10) to encourage the development and implementation 
of programs that will require paid high-quality, work-based 
learning experiences; 
(11) to motivate all youths, including low-achieving youths, 
school dropouts, and youths with disabilities, to stay in or 
return to school or a classroom setting and strive to succeed, 
by providing enriched learning experiences and assistance in 
obtaining good jobs and continuing their education in post-
secondary educational institutions; 
(12) to expose students to a broad array of career opportuni-
ties, and facilitate the selection of career majors, based on 
individual interests, goals, strengths, and abilities; 
(13) to increase opportunities for minorities, women, and 
individuals with disabilities, by enabling individuals to prepare 
for careers that are not traditional for their race, gender, or 
disability; and 
(14) to further the National Education Goals set forth in 
title I of the Goals 2000: Educate America Act. 
(b) CONGRESSIONAL INTENT.—It is the intent of Congress that 
the Secretary of Labor and the Secretary of Education jointly admin-
ister this Act in a flexible manner that— 
(1) promotes State and local discretion in establishing and 
implementing statewide School-to-Work Opportunities systems 
and School-to-Work Opportunities programs; and 
(2) contributes to reinventing government by— 
108 STAT. 572 
PUBLIC LAW 103-239—MAY 4, 1994 
(A) bmlding on State and local capacity; 
(B) eliminating duplication in education and training 
programs for youtns by integrating such programs into 
1 comprehensive system; 
(C) maximizing the effective use of resources; 
(D) supporting locally established initiatives; 
(E) requiring measurable goals for performance; and 
(F) offering flexibility in meeting such goals. 
20 use 6103. 
SEC. 4. DEFINITIONS. 
As used in this Act: 
(1) ALL ASPECTS OF AN INDUSTRY.—The term "all aspects 
of an industry" means all aspects of the industry or industry 
sector a student is preparing to enter, including planning, 
management, finances, technical and production skills, underly-
ing principles of technology, labor and community issues, health 
and safety issues, and environmental issues, related to such 
industry or industry sector. 
(2) ALL STUDENTS.—The term "all students" means both 
male and female students from a broad range of backgroimds 
and circumstances, including disadvantaged students, students 
with diverse racial, ethnic, or cultural backgrounds, American 
Indians, Alaska Natives, Native Hawaiians, students with 
disabilities, students with limited-English proficiency, migrant 
children, school dropouts, and academically talented students. 
(3) APPROVED STATE PLAN.—The term "approved State 
plan" means a statewide School-to-Work Opportunities system 
plan that is submitted by a State under section 213, is deter-
mined by the Secretaries to include the program components 
described in sections 102 through 104 and otherwise meet 
the requirements of this Act, and is consistent with the State 
improvement plan for the State, if any, under the Goals 2000: 
Educate America Act. 
(4) CAREER GUIDANCE AND COUNSELING.—^The term "career 
guidance and counseling" means programs— 
(A) that pertain to the body of subject matter and 
related techniques and methods organized for the develop-
ment in individuals of career awareness, career planning, 
career decisionmaking, placement skills, and knowledge 
and understanding of local. State, and national occupa-
tional, educational, and labor market needs, trends, and 
opportunities; 
(B) that assist individuals in making and implementing 
informed educational and occupational choices; and 
(C) that aid students to develop career options with 
attention to surmounting gender, race, ethnic, disability, 
language, or socioeconomic impediments to career options 
and encouraging careers in nontraditional emplojmient. 
(5) CAREER MAJOR.—^The term "career major" means a 
coherent sequence of courses or field of study that prepares 
a student for a first job and that— 
(A) integrates academic and occupational learning, 
integrates school-based and work-based learning, estab-
lishes linkages between secondary schools and postsecond-
ary educational institutions; 
(B) prepares the student for employment in a broad 
occupational cluster or industry sector; 
PUBLIC LAW 103-239—MAY 4, 1994 
108 STAT. 573 
(C) typically includes at least 2 years of secondary 
education and at least 1 or 2 years of postsecondary edu-
cation; 
(D) provides the students, to the extent practicable, 
with strong experience in and understanding of all aspects 
of the industry the students are planning to enter; 
(E) results in the award of— 
(i) a high school diploma or its equivalent, such 
as— 
(I) a general equivalency diploma; or 
(II) an alternative diploma or certificate for 
students with disabilities for whom such alter-
native diploma or certificate is appropriate; 
(ii) a certificate or diploma recognizing successful 
completion of 1 or 2 years of postsecondary education 
(if appropriate); and 
(iii) a skill certificate; and 
(F) may lead to further education and training, such 
as entry into a registered apprenticeship program, or may 
lead to admission to a 2- or 4-year college or university. 
(6) COMMUNITY-BASED ORGANIZATIONS.—The term "commu-
nity-based organizations" has the meaning given such term 
in section 4(5) of the Job Training Partnership Act (29 U.S.C. 
1503(5)). 
(7) ELEMENTARY SCHOOL.—^The term "elementary school" 
means a day or residential school that provides elementary 
education, as determined under State law. 
(8) EMPLOYER.—The term "employer" includes both public 
and private employers. 
(9) (JOVERNOR.—^The term "Governor" means the chief 
executive of a State. 
(10) LOCAL EDUCATIONAL AGENCY.—The term "local edu-
cational agency" means a public board of education or other 
public authority legally constituted within a State for either 
administrative control or direction of, or to perform a service 
function for, public elementary or secondary schools in a city, 
county, township, school district, or other political subdivision 
of a State, or such combination of school districts or counties 
as are recognized in a State as an administrative agency for 
its public elementary or secondary schools. Such term includes 
any other public institution or agency having administrative 
control and direction of a public elementary or secondary school. 
(11) LOCAL PARTNERSHIP.—The term "local partnership" 
means a local entity that is responsible for local School-to-
Work Opportunities programs and that— 
(A) consists of employers, representatives of local edu-
cational agencies and local postsecondary educational 
institutions (including representatives of area vocational 
education schools, where applicable), local educators (such 
as teachers, counselors, or administrators), representatives 
of labor organizations or nonmanagerial employee rep-
resentatives, and students; and 
(B) may include other entities, such as— 
(i) employer organizations; 
(ii) community-based organizations; 
(iii) national trade associations working at the local 
levels; 
108 STAT. 574 
PUBLIC LAW 103-239—MAY 4, 1994 
(iv) industrial extension centers; 
(v) rehabilitation agencies and organizations; 
(vi) registered apprenticeship agencies; 
(vii) local vocational education entities; 
(viii) proprietary institutions of higher education 
(as defined in section 481(b) of the Higher Education 
Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1088(b)) that continue to meet 
the eligibility and certification requirements under title 
IV of such Act (20 U.S.C. 1070 et seq.); 
(ix) local government agencies; 
(x) parent organizations; 
(xi) teacher organizations; 
(xii) vocational student organizations; 
(xiii) private industry councils established under 
section 102 of the Job Training Partnership Act (29 
U.S.C. 1512); 
(xiv) federally recognized Indian tribes, Indian 
organizations, and Alaska Native villages within the 
meaning of the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act 
(43 U.S.C. 1601 et seq.); and 
(xv) Native Hawaiian entities. 
(12) POSTSECONDARY EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION.—The term 
"postsecondary educational institution" means an institution 
of higher education (as such term is defined in section 481 
of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1088)) which 
continues to meet the eligibility and certification requirements 
under title IV of such Act (20 U.S.C. 1070 et seq.). 
(13) REGISTERED APPRENTICESHIP AGENCY.—The term "reg-
istered apprenticeship agency" means the Bureau of Apprentice-
ship and Training in the Department of Labor or a State 
apprenticeship agency recognized and approved by the Bureau 
of Apprenticeship and Training as the appropriate body for 
State registration or approval of local apprenticeship programs 
and agreements for Federal purposes. 
(14) REGISTERED APPRENTICESHIP PROGRAM.—^The term 
"registered apprenticeship program" means a program reg-
istered by a registered apprenticeship agency. 
(15) 
RELATED SERVICES.—The term "related 
services" 
includes the types of services described in section 602(17) of 
the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (20 U.S.C. 
1401(17)). 
(16) RURAL COMMUNITY WITH LOW POPULATION DENSITY.— 
The term "rural community with low population density" means 
a county, block number area in a nonmetropolitan county, 
or consortium of counties or of such block number areas, that 
has a population density of 20 or fewer individuals per square 
mile. 
(17) SCHOOL DROPOUT.—^The term "school dropout" means 
a youth who is no longer attending any school and who has 
not received a secondary school diploma or a certificate from 
a program of equivalency for such a diploma. 
(18) SCHOOL SITE MENTOR.—The term "school site mentor" 
means a professional employed at a school who is designated 
as the advocate for a particular student, and who works in 
consultation with classroom teachers, counselors, related serv-
ices personnel, and the employer of the student to design and 
PUBLIC LAW 103-239—MAY 4, 1994 
108 STAT. 575 
monitor the progress of the School-to-Work Opportunities pro-
gram of the student. 
(19) SCHOOL-TO-WORK OPPORTUNITIES PROGRAM.—The term 
"School-to-Work Opportunities program" means a program that 
meets the requirements of this Act, other than a program 
described in section 401(a). 
(20) SECONDARY SCHOOL.—^The term "secondary school" 
means— 
(A) a nonprofit day or residential school that provides 
secondary education, as determined under State law, except 
that it does not include any education provided beyond 
grade 12; and 
(B) a Job Corps center under part B of title IV of 
the Job Training Partnership Act (29 U.S.C. 1691 et seq.). 
(21) SECRETARIES.—^The term "Secretaries" means the Sec-
retary of Education and the Secretary of Labor. 
(22) SKILL CERTIFICATE.—The term "skill certificate" means 
a portable, industry-recognized credential issued by a School-
to-Work Opportunities program under an approved State plan, 
that certifies that a student has mastered skills at levels that 
are at least as challenging as skill standards endorsed by 
the National Skill Standards Board established under the 
National Skill Standards Act of 1994, except that until such 
skill standards are developed, the term "skill certificate" means 
a credential issued under a process described in the approved 
State plan. 
(23) STATE.—^The term "State" means each of the several 
States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto 
Rico, the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, 
American Samoa, Guam, the Virgin Islands, the Federated 
States of Micronesia, the Republic of the Marshall Islands, 
and the Republic of Palau. 
(24) STATE EDUCATIONAL AGENCY.—^The term "State edu-
cational agency" means the officer 
or agency 
primarily 
responsible for the State supervision of public elementary and 
secondary schools. 
(25) WORKPLACE MENTOR.—The term "workplace mentor" 
means an employee or other individual, approved by the 
employer at a workplace, who possesses the skills and knowl-
edge to be mastered by a student, and who instructs the stu-
dent, critiques the performance of the student, challenges the 
student to perform well, and works in consultation with class-
room teachers and the employer of the student. 
SEC. 5. FEDERAL ADMINISTRATION. 
20 USC 6104. 
(a) JOINT ADMINISTRATION.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Notwithstanding the Department of Edu-
cation Organization Act (20 U.S.C. 3401 et seq.), the General 
Education Provisions Act (20 U.S.C. 1221 et seq.), the Act 
entitled "An Act To Create a Department of Labor", approved 
March 4, 1913 (29 U.S.C. 551 et seq.), and section 166 of 
the Job Training Partnership Act (29 U.S.C. 1576), the Secretar-
ies shall jointly provide for, and shall exercise final authority 
over, the administration of this Act, and shall have final author-
ity to jointly issue whatever procedures, guidelines, and regula-
tions, in accordance with section 553 of title 5, United States 
108 STAT. 576 
PUBLIC LAW 103-239—MAY 4, 1994 
Code, the Secretaries consider necessary and appropriate to 
administer and enforce the provisions of this Act. 
(2) SUBMISSION OF PLAN.—Not later than 120 days after 
the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretaries shall prepare 
a plan for the joint administration of this Act and submit 
such plan to Congress for review and comment. 
(b) ACCEPTANCE OF GIFTS.—The Secretaries are authorized, 
in carrying out this Act, to accept, purchase, or lease in the name 
of the Department of Labor or the Department of Education, and 
employ or dispose of in furtherance of the purposes of this Act, 
any money or property, real, personal, or mixed, tangible or intangi-
ble, received by gift, devise, bequest, or otherwise. 
(c) USE OF VOLUNTARY AND UNCOMPENSATED SERVICES.—Not-
withstanding section 1342 of title 31, United States Code, the 
Secretaries are authorized to accept voluntary and uncompensated 
services in furtherance of the purposes of this Act. 
TITLE I—SCHOOL-TO-WORK OPPORTU-
NITIES 
BASIC 
PROGRAM 
COMPO-
NENTS 
20 use 6111. 
SEC. 101. GENERAL PROGRAM REQUIREMENTS. 
A School-to-Work Opportunities program under this Act shall— 
(1) integrate school-based learning and work-based learn-
ing, as provided for in sections 102 and 103, integrate academic 
and occupational learning, and establish effective linkages 
between secondary and postsecondary education; 
(2) provide participating students with the opportunity to 
complete career majors; 
(3) incorporate the program components provided in sec-
tions 102 through 104; 
(4) provide participating students, to the extent practicable, 
with strong experience in and understanding of all aspects 
of the industry the students are preparing to enter; and 
(5) provide all students with equal access to the full range 
of such program components (including both school-based and 
work-based learning components) and related activities, such 
as recruitment, enrollment, and placement activities, except 
that nothing in this Act shall be construed to provide any 
individual with an entitlement to services under this Act. 
20 use 6112. 
SEC. 102. SCHOOL-BASED LEARNING COMPONENT. 
The school-based learning component of a School-to-Work 
Opportunities program shall include— 
(1) career awareness and career exploration and counseling 
(beginning at the earliest possible age, but not later than the 
7th grade) in order to help students who may be interested 
to identify, and select or reconsider, their interests, goals, and 
career majors, including those options that may not be tradi-
tional for their gender, race, or ethnicity; 
(2) initial selection by interested students of a career major 
not later than the beginning of the 11th grade; 
(3) a program of study designed to meet the same academic 
content standards the State has established for all students, 
including, where applicable, standards established under the 
PUBLIC LAW 103-239—MAY 4, 1994 
108 STAT. 577 
Groals 2000: Educate America Act, and to meet the requirements 
necessary to prepare a student for postsecondary education 
and the requirements necessary for a student to earn a skill 
certificate; 
(4) a program of instruction and curriculum that integrates 
academic and vocational learning (including applied methodolo-
gies and team-teaching strategies), and incorporates instruc-
tion, to the extent practicable, in all aspects of an industry, 
appropriately tied to the career major of a participant; 
(5) regularly scheduled evaluations involving ongoing con-
sultation and problem solving with students and school drop-
outs to identify their academic strengths and weaknesses, 
academic progress, workplace knowledge, goals, and the need 
for additional learning opportunities to master core academic 
and vocational skills; and 
(6) procedures to facilitate the entry of students participat-
ing in a School-to-Work Opportunities program into additional 
training or postsecondary education programs, as well as to 
facilitate the transfer of the students between education and 
training programs. 
SEC. 103. WORK-BASED LEARNING COMPONENT. 
20 USC 6113. 
(a) MANDATORY ACTIVITIES.—The work-based learning compo-
nent of a School-to-Work Opportunities program shall include— 
(1) work experience; 
(2) a planned program of job training and work experiences 
(including training related to preemployment and employment 
skills to De mastered at progressively higher levels) that are 
coordinated with learning in the school-based learning compo-
nent described in section 102 and are relevant to the career 
majors of students and lead to the award of skill certificates; 
(3) workplace mentoring; 
(4) instruction in general workplace competencies, including 
instruction and activities related to developing positive work 
attitudes, and employability and participative skills; and 
(5) broad instruction, to the extent practicable, in all 
aspects of the industry. 
(b) PERMISSIBLE ACTIVITIES.—Such component may include 
such activities as paid work experience, job shadowing, school-
sponsored enterprises, or on-the-job training, 
SEC. 104. CONNECTING ACTIYITIES COMPONENT. 
20 USC 6114. 
The connecting activities component of a School-to-Work 
Opportunities program shall include— 
(1) matching students with the work-based 
learning 
opportunities of employers; 
(2) providing, with respect to each student, a school site 
mentor to act as a liaison among the student and the employer, 
school, teacher, school administrator, and parent of the student, 
and, if appropriate, other community partners; 
(3) providing technical assistance and services to employers, 
including small- and medium-sized businesses, and other par-
ties in— 
(A) 
designing 
school-based 
learning 
components 
described in section 102, work-based learning components 
described in section 103, and counseling and case manage-
ment services; and 
108 STAT. 578 
PUBLIC LAW 103-239—MAY 4, 1994 
(B) training teachers, workplace mentors, school site 
mentors, and counselors; 
(4) providing assistance to schools and employers to 
integrate school-based and work-based learning and integrate 
academic and occupational learning into the program; 
(5) encouraging the active participation of employers, in 
cooperation with local education officials, in the implementation 
of local activities described in section 102, section 103, or this 
section; 
(6)(A) providing assistance to participants who have com-
pleted the program in finding an appropriate job, continuing 
their education, or entering into an aaditional training program; 
and 
(B) linking the participants with other community services 
that may be necessary to assure a successful transition from 
school to work; 
(7) collecting and analyzing information regarding post-
program outcomes of participants in the School-to-Work 
Opportunities program, to the extent practicable, on the basis 
of socioeconomic status, race, gender, ethnicity, culture, and 
disability, and on the basis of whether the participants are 
students with limited-English proficiency, school dropouts, dis-
advantaged students, or academically talented students; and 
(8) linking youth development activities under this Act 
with employer and industry strategies for upgrading the skills 
of their workers. 
TITLE II—SCHOOL-TO-WORK OPPORTU-
NITIES SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT AND 
IMPLEMENTATION 
GRANTS 
TO 
STATES 
Subtitle A—State Development Grants 
20 u s e 6121. 
SEC. 201. PURPOSE. 
The purpose of this subtitle is to assist States in planning 
and developing comprehensive statewide School-to-Work Opportuni-
ties systems. 
20 u s e 6122. 
SEC. 202. AUTHORIZATION. 
(a) GRANTS TO STATES.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—On the application of the Grovernor on 
behalf of a State in accordance with section 203, the Secretaries 
may provide a development grant to the State in such amounts 
as the Secretaries determine to be necessary to enable such 
State to complete planning and development of a comprehensive 
statewide School-to-Work Opportunities system. 
(2) AMOUNT.—^The amount of a development grant under 
this section may not exceed $1,000,000 for any fiscal year. 
(3) COMPLETION.—^The Secretaries may provide such grant 
to complete development of a statewide 
School-to-Work 
Opportunities systems initiated with funds received under the 
Job Training Partnership Act (29 U.S.C. 1501 et seq.) or the 
PUBLIC LAW 103-239—MAY 4, 1994 
108 STAT, 579 
Carl D. Perkins Vocational and Applied Technology Education 
Act (20 U.S.C. 2301 et seq.). 
(b) GRANTS TO TERRITORIES.—In providing grants under this 
section to the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, 
American Samoa, Guam, the Virgin Islands, the Federated States 
of Micronesia, the Republic of the Marshall Islands, or the Republic 
of Palau, the Secretaries shall use amounts reserved under section 
605(b)(1). 
SEC. 203. APPLICATION. 
20 USC 6123. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretaries may not provide a develop-
ment grant under section 202 to a State unless the Governor 
of the State, on behalf of the State, submits to the Secretaries 
an application, at such time, in such form, and containing such 
information as the Secretaries may reasonably require. 
(b) CONTENTS.—Such application shall include— 
(1) a timetable and an estimate of the amount of funding 
needed to complete the planning and development necessary 
to implement a comprehensive 
statewide 
School-to-Work 
Opportunities system for all students; 
(2) a description of how— 
(A) the Governor; 
(B) the State educational agency; 
(C) the State agency officials responsible for economic 
development; 
(D) the State agency officials responsible for employ-
ment; 
(E) the State agency officials responsible for job 
training; 
(F) the State agency officials responsible for post-
secondary education; 
(G) the State agency officials responsible for vocational 
education; 
(H) the State agency officials responsible for vocational 
rehabilitation; 
(I) the individual assigned by the State under section 
111(b)(1) of the Carl D. Perkins Vocational and Applied 
Technology Education Act (20 U.S.C. 2321(b)(1)); 
(J) other appropriate officials, including the State 
human resource investment council established in accord-
ance with title VII of the Job Training Partnership Act 
(29 U.S.C. 1792 et seq.), if the State has established such 
a council; and 
(K) representatives of the private sector; 
will collaborate in the planning and development of the state-
wide School-to-Work Opportunities system; 
(3) a description of the manner in which the State has 
obtained and will continue to obtain the active and continued 
participation, in the planning and development of the statewide 
School-to-Work Opportunities system, of employers and other 
interested parties, such as locally elected officials, secondary 
schools and postsecondary educational institutions (or related 
agencies), business associations, industrial extension centers, 
employees, labor organizations or associations of such organiza-
tions, teachers, related services personnel, students, parents, 
community-based organizations, rehabilitation agencies and 
organizations, Indian tribes, registered apprenticeship agencies. 
108 STAT. 580 
PUBLIC LAW 103-239—MAY 4, 1994 
vocational educational agencies, vocational student organiza-
tions, and human service agencies; 
(4) a description of the manner in which the State will 
coordinate planning activities with any local school-to-work pro-
grams, including programs funded under title III, if any; 
(5) a designation of a fiscal agent to receive and be account-
able for funds provided from a grant imder section 202; and 
(6) a description of how the State will provide opportunities 
for students from low-income families, low-achieving students, 
students with limited-English proficiency, students with disabil-
ities, students living in rural communities with low population 
densities, school dropouts, and academically talented students 
to participate in School-to-Work Opportunities programs. 
(c) COORDINATION WITH GOALS 2000: EDUCATE AMERICA ACT.—-
A State seeking assistance under both this subtitle and the Groals 
2000: Educate America Act may— 
(1) submit a single application containing plans that meet 
the requirements of such subtitle and such Act and ensure 
that the plans are coordinated and not duplicative; or 
(2) if such State has already submitted its application 
for funds imder the Groals 2000: Educate America Act, submit 
its application under this subtitle as an amendment to the 
Go£ds 2000: Educate America Act application if such amend-
ment meets the requirements of this subtitle and is coordinated 
with and not duplicative of the Goals 2000: Educate America 
Act application. 
20 u s e 6124. 
SEC. 204. APPROVAL OF APPLICATION. 
The Secretaries may approve an application submitted by a 
State under section 203 only if the State demonstrates in such 
application that the activities proposed to be undertaken by the 
State to develop a statewide School-to-Work Opportimities system 
are consistent with the State improvement plan for the State, 
if any, luider the Goals 2000: Educate America Act. 
20 u s e 6125. 
SEC. 205. USE OF AMOUNTS. 
The Secretaries may not provide a development grant under 
section 202 to a State imless the State agrees that the State 
will use all amounts received from such grant for activities to 
develop a statewide School-to-Work Opportunities system, which 
may include— 
(1) identifying or establishing an appropriate State struc-
ture to administer the statewide School-to-Work Opportunities 
system; 
(2) identifying secondary and postsecondaiy school-to-work 
programs in existence on or after the date of the enactment 
of this Act that might be incorporated into such system; 
(3) identifjring or establishing broad-based partnerships 
among employers, labor, education, government, and other 
community-based organizations and parent organizations to 
participate in the design, development, and administration of 
School-to-Work Opportunities programs; 
(4) developing a marketing plan to build consensus and 
support for such programs; 
(5) promoting the active involvement of business (including 
small- and medium-sized businesses) in planning, developing, 
and implementing local School-to-Work Opportunities pro-
grams, and in establishing partnerships between business and 
PUBLIC LAW 103-239—MAY 4, 1994 
108 STAT. 581 
elementary schools and secondary schools (including middle 
schools); 
(6) identifying ways that local school-to-work programs in 
existence on or after the date of the enactment of this Act 
could be coordinated with the statewide School-to-Work 
Opportunities system; 
(7) supporting local planning and development activities 
to provide guidance, training and technical assistance for teach-
ers, employers, mentors, counselors, administrators, and others 
in the development of School-to-Work Opportunities programs; 
(8) identifying or establishing mechanisms for providing 
training and technical assistance to enhance the development 
of the statewide School-to-Work Opportunities system; 
(9) developing a training and technical support system 
for teachers, employers, mentors, counselors, related services 
personnel, and others that includes specialized training and 
technical support for the counseling and training of women, 
minorities, and individuals with disabilities for high-skill, high-
wage careers in nontraditional employment; 
(10) initiating pilot programs for testing key components 
of the program design of programs under the statewide School-
to-Work Opportunities system; 
(11) developing a State process for issuing skill certificates 
that is, to the extent feasible, consistent with the skill standards 
certification systems endorsed under the National Skill Stand-
ards Act of 1994; 
(12) designing challenging curricula, in cooperation with 
representatives of local partnerships, that take into account 
the diverse learning needs and abilities of the student popu-
lation served by the statewide School-to-Work Opportunities 
system; 
(13) developing a system for labor market analysis and 
strategic planning for local targeting of industry sectors or 
broad occupational clusters that can provide students with 
placements in high-skill workplaces; 
(14) analyzing the post-high school employment experiences 
of recent high school graduates and school dropouts; 
(15) preparing the plan described in section 213(d); 
(16) working with localities to develop strategies to recruit 
and retain all students in programs under this Act through 
collaborations with community-based organizations, where 
appropriate, and other entities with expertise in working with 
such students; 
(17) coordinating recruitment of out-of-school, at-risk, and 
disadvantaged youths with those organizations and institutions 
that have a successful history of working with such youths; 
and 
(18) providing technical assistance to rural areas in plan-
ning, developing, and implementing local 
School-to-Work 
Opportunities programs that meet the needs of rural commu-
nities with low population densities. 
SEC. 206. MAINTENANCE OF EFFORT. 
20 USC 6126. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—^A State may receive a development grant 
under section 202 for a fiscal year only if the State provides assur-
ances, satisfactory to the Secretaries, that— 
108 STAT. 582 
PUBLIC LAW 103-239—MAY 4, 1994 
(1) the amount of State funds expended per student by 
the State for school-to-work activities of the type described 
in title I for the preceding fiscal year was not less than 90 
percent of the amount so expended for the second preceding 
fiscal year; or 
(2) the aggregate amount of State funds expended by the 
State for such activities for the preceding fiscal year was not 
less than 90 percent of the amount so expended for the second 
preceding fiscal year. 
(b) WAIVER.— 
(1) DETERMINATION.—The Secretaries may jointly waive 
the requirements described in subsection (a) for a State that 
requests such a waiver if the Secretaries determine that such 
a waiver would be equitable due to— 
(A) exceptional or uncontrollable circumstances such 
as a natural disaster; or 
(B) a precipitous decline in the financial resources 
of the State. 
(2) REQUEST.—^To be eligible to receive such a waiver, a 
State shall submit a request at such time, in such form, and 
containing such information as the Secretaries may require. 
20 u s e 6127. 
SEC. 207. REPORTS. 
The Secretaries may not provide a development grant under 
section 202 to a State unless the State agrees that the State 
will submit to the Secretaries such reports as the Secretaries may 
reasonably require, relating to the use of amounts from such grant, 
except that the Secretaries may not require more than 1 such 
report during any 3-month period. 
Subtitle B—State Implementation Grants 
20 u s e 6141. 
SEC. 211. PURPOSE. 
The purpose of this subtitle is to assist States in the 
implementation 
of 
comprehensive 
statewide 
School-to-Work 
Opportunities systems. 
20 u s e 6142. 
SEC. 212. AUTHORIZATION. 
(a) GRANTS TO STATES.—On the application of the Governor 
on behalf of a State in accordance with section 213, the Secretaries 
may provide an implementation grant to the State in such amounts 
as the Secretaries determine to be necessary to enable such State 
to implement a comprehensive statewide School-to-Work Opportuni-
ties system. 
(b) GRANTS TO TERRITORIES.—In providing grants under this 
section to the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, 
American Samoa, Guam, the Virgin Islands, the Federated States 
of Micronesia, the Republic of the Marshall Islands, or the Republic 
; Palau, the Secretaries shall use amounts reserved under section 
f>05(b)(l). 
(c) PERIOD OF GRANT.—^The provision of payments under a 
^rant under subsection (a) shall not exceed 5 fiscal years and 
shall be subject to the annual approval of the Secretaries and 
subject to the availability of appropriations for the fiscal year 
involved to make the payments. 
(d) LIMITATION.—^A State shall be eligible to receive only 1 
implementation grant under subsection (a). 
PUBLIC LAW 103-239—MAY 4, 1994 
108 STAT. 583 
SEC. 213. APPLICATION. 
20 USC 6143. 
(a) IN GENERAL.— 
(1) SUBMISSION BY GOVERNOR ON BEHALF OF STATE.—Sub-
ject to paragraph (2), the Secretaries may not provide an 
implementation grant under section 212 to a State unless the 
Governor of the State, on behalf of the State, submits to the 
Secretaries an application, at such time, in such form, and 
containing such information as the Secretaries may reasonably 
require. 
(2) REVIEW AND COMMENT BY CERTAIN INDIVIDUALS AND 
ENTITIES.—If, after a reasonable effort, the Governor is unable 
in accordance with subsection (d)(4) to obtain the support of 
the individuals and entities described in subparagraphs (A) 
through (J) of subsection (b)(4) for the State plan described 
in subsection (d), then the Governor shall— 
(A) provide such individuals and entities with copies 
of such application; 
(B) allow such individuals and entities to submit to 
the Governor, not later than the end of the 30-day period 
beginning on the date on which the Governor provides 
such individuals and entities with copies of such application 
under subparagraph (A), comments on those portions of 
the plan that address matters that, under State or other 
applicable law, are under the jurisdiction of such individ-
uals or entities; and 
(C) include any such comments in the application in 
accordance with subsection (b)(5). 
(b) CONTENTS.—Such application shall include— 
(1) a plan for a comprehensive, statewide School-to-Work 
Opportunities system that meets the requirements of subsection 
(d); 
(2) a description of the manner in which the State will 
allocate funds made available through such a grant to local 
partnerships under section 215(b)(7); 
(3) a request, if the State decides to submit such a request, 
for 1 or more waivers of certain statutory or regulatory require-
ments, as provided for under title V; 
(4) a description of the manner in which— 
(A) the (jrovemor; 
(B) the State educational agency; 
(C) the State agency officials responsible for economic 
development; 
(D) the State agency officials responsible for employ-
ment; 
(E) the State agency officials responsible for job 
training; 
(F) the State agency officials responsible for post-
secondary education; 
(G) the State agency officials responsible for vocational 
education; 
(H) the State agency officials responsible for vocational 
rehabilitation; 
(I) the individual assigned for the State under section 
111(b)(1) of the Carl D. Perkins Vocational and Applied 
Technology Education Act (20 U.S.C. 2321(b)(1)); 
(J) other appropriate officials, including the State 
human resource investment council established in accord-
79-194 O-95-20 : QL 3 Part 1 
108 STAT. 584 
PUBLIC LAW 103-239—MAY 4, 1994 
ance with title VII of the Job Training Partnership Act 
(29 U.S.C. 1792 et seq.), if the State has established such 
a council; and 
(K) representatives of the private sector; 
collaborated in the development of the application; 
(5) the comments submitted to the Governor under sub-
section (a)(2), where applicable; and 
(6) such other information as the Secretaries may require. 
(c) COORDINATION WITH (JOALS 2000: EDUCATE AMERICA ACT.— 
A State seeking assistance under both this subtitle and the Goals 
2000: Educate America Act may— 
(1) submit a single application containing plans that meet 
the requirements of such subtitle and such Act and ensure 
that the plans are coordinated and not duplicative; or 
(2) if such State has already submitted its application 
for funds imder the Goals 2000: Educate America Act, submit 
its application under this subtitle as an amendment to the 
Groals 2000: Educate America Act application if such amend-
ment meets the requirements of this subtitle and is coordinated 
with and not duplicative of the Goals 2000: Educate America 
Act application. 
Urban and rural 
(d) STATE PLAN.—^A State plan referred to in subsection (b)(1) 
^^^^- 
shall— 
(1) designate the geographical areas, including urban and 
rural areas, to be served by local partnerships that receive 
grants under section 215(b), which geographic areas shall, to 
the extent feasible, reflect local labor market areas; 
(2) describe the manner in which the State will stimulate 
and support local School-to-Work Opportunities pro-ams and 
the manner in which the statewide School-to-Work Opportuni-
ties system will be expanded over time to cover all geographic 
areas in the State, including urban and rural areas; 
(3) describe the procedure by which the individuals and 
entities described in subsection (bX4) will collaborate in the 
implementation of the School-to-Work Opportunities system; 
(4) demonstrate the support of individuals and entities 
described in subparagraphs (A) through (J) of subsection (bX4) 
for the plan, except in the case where the Governor is unable 
to obtain the support of such individuals and entities as pro-
vided in subsection (aX2); 
(5) describe the manner in which the State has obtained 
and will continue to obtain the active and continued involve-
ment, in the statewide School-to-Work Opportunities system, 
of employers and other interested parties such as locally elected 
officials, secondary schools and postsecondary educational 
institutions (or related agencies), business associations, indus-
trial extension centers, employees, labor organizations or 
associations of such organizations, teachers, related services 
personnel, students, parents, community-based organizations, 
rehabilitation 
agencies 
and 
organizations, 
registered 
apprenticeship agencies, local vocational educational agencies, 
vocational student organizations. State or regional cooperative 
education associations, and human service agencies; 
(6) describe the manner in which the statewide School-
to-Work Opportunities system will coordinate with or integrate 
local school-to-work programs in existence on or after the date 
of the enactment of this Act, including programs financed from 
PUBLIC LAW 103-239—MAY 4, 1994 
108 STAT. 585 
State and private sources, with funds available from such 
related Federal programs as programs under— 
(A) the Adult Education Act (20 U.S.C. 1201 et seq.); 
(B) the Carl D. Perkins Vocational and Applied Tech-
nology Education Act (20 U.S.C. 2301 et seq.); 
(C) the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 
1965 (20 U.S.C. 2701 et seq.); 
(D) the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1001 
et seq.); 
(E) part F of title IV of the Social Security Act (42 
U.S.C. 681 et seq.); 
(F) the Goals 2000: Educate America Act; 
(G) the National Skills Standards Act of 1994; 
(H) the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act 
(20 U.S.C. 1400 et seq.); 
(I) the Job Training Partnership Act (29 U.S.C. 1501 
et seq.); 
(J) the Act of August 16, 1937 (commonly known as 
the "National Apprenticeship Act"; 50 Stat. 664, chapter 
663; 29 U.S.C. 50 et seq.); 
(K) the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 (29 U.S.C. 701 et 
seq.); and 
(L) the National and Community Service Act of 1990 
(42 U.S.C. 12501 et seq.); 
(7) describe the strategy of the State for providing training 
for teachers, employers, mentors, counselors, related services 
personnel, and others, including specialized training and tech-
nical support for the counseling and training of women, minori-
ties, and individuals with disabilities for high-skill, high-wage 
careers in nontraditional employment, and provide assurances 
of coordination with similar training and technical support 
under other provisions of law; 
(8) describe how the State will adopt, develop, or assist 
local partnerships to adopt or develop model curricula and 
innovative instructional methodologies, to be used in the 
secondary, and where possible, the elementary grades, that 
integrate academic and vocational learning and promote career 
awareness, and that are consistent with academic and skill 
standards established pursuant to the Goals 2000: Educate 
America Act and the National Skill Standards Act of 1994; 
(9) describe how the State will expand and improve career 
and academic counseling in the elementary and secondary 
grades, which may include linkages to career counseling and 
labor market information services outside of the school system; 
(10) describe the strategy of the State for integrating aca-
demic and vocational education; 
(11) describe the resources, including private 
sector 
resources, the State intends to employ in maintaining the state-
wide School-to-Work Opportunities system when funds under 
this Act are no longer available; 
(12) describe the extent to which the statewide School-
to-Work Opportunities system will include programs that will 
require paid high-quality, work-based learning experiences, and 
the steps the State will take to generate such paid experiences; 
(13) describe the manner in which the State will ensure 
effective and meaningful opportunities for all students in the 
State to participate in School-to-Work Opportunities programs; 
108 STAT. 586 
PUBLIC LAW 103-239—MAY 4, 1994 
(14) describe the goals of the State and the methods the 
State will use, such as awareness and outreach, to ensure 
opportunities for young women to participate in School-to-Work 
Opportunities programs in a manner that leads to emplojnnent 
in high-performance, high-paying jobs, including nontraditional 
employment, and goals to ensure an environment free from 
racial and sexual harassment; 
(15) describe how the State will ensure opportunities for 
low achieving students, students with disabilities, school drop-
outs, and academically talented students to participate in 
School-to-Work Opportunities programs; 
(16) describe the process of the State for assessing the 
skills and knowledge required in career majors, and the process 
for awarding skill certificates that is, to the extent feasible, 
consistent with the skills standards certification 
systems 
endorsed under the National Skill Standards Act of 1994; 
(17) describe the manner in which the State will ensure 
that students participating in the programs are provided, to 
the greatest extent possible, with flexibility to develop new 
career goals over time and to change career mmors; 
(18) describe the manner in which the State will, to the 
extent feasible, continue programs funded under title III in 
the statewide School-to-Work Opportunities system; 
(19) describe how the State will serve students from rural 
communities with low population densities; 
(20) describe how local School-to-Work Opportunities pro-
grams, including those funded under title III, if any, will be 
integrated into the statewide School-to-Work Opportunities 
system; 
(21) describe the performance standards that the State 
intends to meet in establishing and carrying out the statewide 
School-to-Work Opportunities system, including how such 
standards relate to those performance standards established 
under other related programs; 
(22) designate a fiscal agent to receive and be accountable 
for funds provided from a grant under section 212; and 
(23) describe the procedures to facilitate the entry of stu-
dents participating in a School-to-Work Opportunities program 
into additional training or postsecondary education programs, 
as well as to facilitate the transfer of the students between 
education and training programs. 
20 use 6144. 
SEC. 214. REVIEW OF APPUCATION. 
(a) CONSIDERATIONS.—In evaluating applications submitted 
iinder section 213, the Secretaries shall— 
(1) give priority to applications that describe the highest 
levels of concurrence by the individuals and entities described 
in section 213(b)(4) with the State plan for the statewide School-
to-Work Opportunities system; 
(2) give priority to applications that require paid, high-
quality work-based learning experiences as an integral part 
of such system; and 
(3) take into consideration the quality of the application, 
including the replicability, sustainability, and innovation of 
School-to-Work Opportunities 
programs 
described 
in 
the 
application. 
(b) APPROVAL CRITERIA.—The Secretaries— 
/ 
PUBLIC LAW 103-239—MAY 4, 1994 
108 STAT. 587 
(1) shall approve only those applications submitted under 
section 213 that demonstrate the highest levels of collaboration 
by the individuals and entities described in section 213(b)(4) 
in the development and implementation of the statewide School-
to-Work system; 
(2) shall approve an application submitted under section 
213 only if the State provides the assurances described in 
section 206(a) (relating to maintenance of effort) in accordance 
with such section, except that this requirement may be waived 
in accordance with section 206(b); and 
(3) may approve an application submitted under section 
213 only if the State demonstrates in the application— 
(A) that other Federal, State, and local resources will 
be used to implement the proposed State plan; 
(B) the extent to which such plan would limit adminis-
trative costs and increase amounts spent on delivery of 
services to students enrolled in programs under this Act; 
(C) that the State, where appropriate, will ensure the 
establishment of a partnership in at least 1 urban and 
1 rural area in the State; and 
(D) that the State plan contained in such application 
is consistent with the State improvement plan for the State, 
if any, under the Goals 2000: Educate America Act. 
(c) ACTIONS.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—In reviewing each application submitted 
under section 213, the Secretaries shall determine whether 
the application and the plan described in such application meet 
the approval criteria in subsection (b). 
(2) ACTIONS AFTER AFFIRMATIVE DETERMINATION.—If 
the 
determination under paragraph (1) is affirmative, the Secretar-
ies may take 1 or more of the following actions: 
(A) Provide an implementation grant under section 
212 to the State submitting the application. 
(B) Approve the request of the State, if any, for a 
waiver in accordance with the procedures set forth in title 
V. 
(3) ACTION AFTER NONAFFIRMATIVE DETERMINATION.—If the 
determination under paragraph (1) is not affirmative, the Sec-
retaries shall inform the State of the opportunity to apply 
for development funds under subtitle A in accordance with 
such subtitle. 
(d) USE OF FUNDS FOR REVIEW OF APPLICATIONS.—The Secretar-
ies may use amounts reserved under section 605(b)(4) for the review 
of applications submitted under section 213. 
SEC. 215. USE OF AMOUNTS. 
20 USC 6145. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—^The Secretaries may not provide 
an 
implementation grant under section 212 to a State unless the 
State agrees that the State will use all amounts received from 
such grant to implement the statewide School-to-Work Opportuni-
ties system in accordance with this section. 
(b) SUBGRANTS TO LOCAL PARTNERSHIPS.— 
(1) AUTHORITY.— 
(A) IN GENERAL.—Except as provided in subparagraph 
(B), the State shall provide subgrants to local partnerships, 
according to criteria established by the State, for the pur-
108 STAT. 588 
PUBLIC LAW 103-239—MAY 4, 1994 
pose of carrying out School-to-Work Opportunities pro-
grams. 
(B) 
PROHIBITION.—The 
State 
shall 
not 
provide 
subgrants 
to local partnerships 
that 
have 
received 
implementation grants under title III, except that this 
prohibition shall not apply with respect to local partner-
ships that are located in high poverty areas, as such term 
is defined in section 307. 
(2) APPLICATION.—^A local partnership 
that 
seeks 
a 
subgrant to carry out a local School-to-Work Opportunities 
program, including a program initiated under section 302, shall 
submit an application to the State that— 
(A) describes how the program will include the program 
components described in sections 102, 103, and 104 and 
otherwise meet the requirements of this Act; 
(B) sets forth measurable program goals and outcomes; 
(C) describes the local strategies and timetables of 
the local partnership to provide opportunities for all stu-
dents in the area served to participate in a School-to-
Work Opportunities program; 
(D) describes the extent to which the program will 
require paid high-quality, work-based learning experiences, 
and the steps the local partnerships will take to generate 
such paid experiences; 
(E) describes the process that will be used to ensure 
employer involvement in the development and implementa-
tion of the local School-to-Work Opportunities program; 
(F) provides assurances that, to the extent practicable, 
opportunities provided to students to participate in a 
School-to-Work Opportunities program will be in industries 
and occupations offering high-skill, high-wage employment 
opportunities; 
(G) provides such other information as the State may 
require; and 
(H) is submitted at such time and in such form as 
the State may require. 
(3) DISAPPROVAL OF APPLICATION.—If the State determines 
that an application submitted by a local partnership does not 
meet the criteria under paragraph (2), or that the application 
is incomplete or otherwise unsatisfactory, the State shall— 
(A) notify the local partnership of the reasons for the 
failure to approve the application; and 
(B) permit the local partnership to resubmit a corrected 
or amended application. 
(4) ALLOWABLE ACTIVITIES.—A local partnership shall 
expend funds provided through subgrants under this subsection 
only for activities undertaken to carry out local School-to-Work 
Opportunities programs, and such activities may include, for 
each such program— 
(A) recruiting and providing assistance to employers, 
including small- and medium-size businesses, to provide 
the work-based learning components described in section 
103; 
(B) establishing consortia of employers to support the 
School-to-Work Opportunities program and provide access 
to jobs related to the career majors of students; 
PUBLIC LAW 103-239—MAY 4, 1994 
108 STAT. 589 
(C) supporting or establishing intermediaries (selected 
from among the members of the local partnership) to per-
form the activities described in section 104 and to provide 
assistance to students or school dropouts in obtaining jobs 
and further education and training; 
(D) designing or adapting school curricula that can 
be used to integrate academic, vocational, and occupational 
learning, school-based and work-based learning, 
and 
secondary and postsecondary education for all students 
in the area served; 
(E) providing training to work-based and school-based 
staff on new curricula, student assessments, student guid-
ance, and feedback to the school regarding 
student 
performance; 
(F) establishing, in schools participating in the School-
to-Work Opportunities program, a graduation assistance 
program to assist at-risk students, low-achieving students, 
and students with disabilities, in graduating from high 
school, enrolling in postsecondary education or training, 
and finding or advancing in jobs; 
(G) providing career exploration and awareness serv-
ices, counseling and mentoring services, college awareness 
and preparation services, and other services (beginning 
at the earliest possible age, but not later than the 7th 
grade) to prepare students for the transition from school 
to work; 
(H) providing supplementary and support services, 
including child care and transportation, when such services 
are necessary for participation in a local School-to-Work 
Opportimities program; 
(I) conducting or obtaining an in-depth analysis of the 
local labor market and the generic and specific skill needs 
of employers to identify high-demand, high-wage careers 
to target; 
(J) integrating school-based and work-based learning 
into job training programs that are for school dropouts 
and that are in existence on or after the date of the enact-
ment of this Act; 
(K) establishing or expanding school-to-apprenticeship 
programs in cooperation with registered apprenticeship 
agencies and apprenticeship sponsors; 
(L) assisting participating employers, including small-
and 
medium-size 
businesses, 
to identify 
and 
train 
workplace mentors and to develop work-based learning 
components; 
(M) promoting the formation of partnerships between 
elementary schools and secondary schools (including middle 
schools) and local businesses as an investment in future 
workplace productivity and competitiveness; 
(N) designing local strategies to provide adequate plan-
ning time and staff development activities for teachers, 
school counselors, related services personnel, and school 
site mentors, including opportunities outside the classroom 
that are at the worksite; 
(O) enhancing linkages between after-school, weekend, 
and summer jobs, career exploration, and school-based 
learning; and 
108 STAT. 590 
PUBLIC LAW 103-239—MAY 4, 1994 
(P) obtaining the assistance of organizations and 
institutions that have a history of success in working with 
school dropouts and at-risk and disadvantaged youths in 
recruiting such school dropouts and youths to participate 
in the local School-to-Work Opportunities program. 
(5) LOCAL PARTNERSHIP COMPACT.—The State may not pro-
vide a subgrant under paragraph (1) to a local partnership 
unless the partnership agrees that the local partnership will 
establish a process by which the responsibilities and expecta-
tions of students, parents, employers, and schools are clearly 
established and agreed upon at the point of entry of the student 
into a career major program of study. 
(6) ADMINISTRATIVE COSTS.—^The local partnership may not 
use more than 10 percent of amounts received from a subgrant 
under paragraph (1) for any fiscal year for administrative costs 
associated with activities in carrying out, but not including, 
activities under paragraphs (4) and (5) for such fiscal year. 
(7) ALLOCATION REQUIREMENTS.— 
(A) FIRST YEAR.—In the 1st fiscal year for which a 
State receives amounts from a grant under section 212, 
the State shall use not less than 70 percent of such amounts 
to provide subgrants to local partnerships under paragraph 
(1). 
(B) SECOND YEAR.—In the 2d fiscal year for which 
a State receives amounts from a grant under section 212, 
the State shall use not less than 80 percent of such amounts 
to provide subgrants to local partnerships under paragraph 
(1). 
(C) THIRD YEAR AND SUCCEEDING YEARS.—In the 3d 
fiscal year for which a State receives amounts from a 
grant under section 212, and in each succeeding year, 
the State shall use not less than 90 percent of such amounts 
to provide subgrants to local partnerships under paragraph 
(1). 
(c) ADDITIONAL STATE ACTIVITIES.—In carrying out the state-
wide School-to-Work Opportunities system, the State may also— 
(1) recruit and provide assistance to employers to provide 
work-based learning for all students; 
(2) conduct outreach activities to promote and support 
collaboration, in School-to-Work Opportunities programs, by 
businesses, labor organizations, and other organizations; 
(3) provide training for teachers, employers, workplace 
mentors, school site mentors, counselors, related services 
personnel, and other parties; 
(4) provide labor market information to local partnerships 
that is useful in determining which high-skill, high-wage 
occupations are in demand; 
(5) design or adapt model curricula that can be used to 
integrate academic, vocational, and occupational learning, 
school-based and work-based learning, and secondary and post-
secondary education, for all students in the State; 
(6) design or adapt model work-based learning programs 
and identify best practices for such programs; 
(7) conduct outreach activities and provide technical assist-
ance to other States that are developing or implementing 
School-to-Work Opportunities systems; 
PUBLIC LAW 103-239—MAY 4, 1994 
108 STAT. 591 
(8) reorganize and streamline school-to-work programs in 
the State to facilitate the development of a comprehensive 
statewide School-to-Work Opportunities system; 
(9) identify ways that local school-to-work programs in 
existence on or after the date of the enactment of this Act 
could 
be 
integrated 
with 
the 
statewide 
School-to-Work 
Opportunities system; 
(10) design career awareness and exploration activities 
(beginning at the earliest possible age, but not later than the 
7th grade), such as job shadowing, job site visits, school visits 
by individuals in various occupations, and mentoring; 
j 
(11) design and implement school-sponsored work experi-
ences, such as school-sponsored enterprises and community 
development projects; 
(12) promote the formation of partnerships 
between 
elementary schools and secondary schools (including middle 
schools) and local businesses as an investment in future work-
place productivity and competitiveness; 
(13) obtain the assistance of organizations and institutions 
that have a history of success in working with school dropouts 
and at-risk and disadvantaged youths in recruiting such school 
dropouts and youths to participate in the statewide School-
to-Work Opportunities system; 
(14) conduct outreach to all students in a manner that 
most appropriately meets their needs and the needs of their 
communities; and 
(15) provide career exploration and awareness services, 
counseling and mentoring services, college awareness and 
preparation services, and other services (beginning at the earli-
est possible age, but not later than the 7th grade) to prepare 
students for the transition from school to work. 
SEC. 216. ALLOCATION REQUIREMENT. 
20 USC 6146. 
The Secretaries shall establish the minimum and maximum 
amounts available for an implementation grant under section 212, 
and shall determine the actual amount granted to any State under 
such section, based on such criteria as the scope and quality of 
the plan described in section 213(d) and the number of projected 
participants in programs carried out through the system, 
SEC. 217. LIMITATION ON ADMINISTRATIVE COSTS. 
20 USC 6147. 
A State that receives an implementation grant under section 
212 may not use more than 10 percent of the amounts received 
through the grant for any fiscal year for administrative costs associ-
ated with implementing the statewide School-to-Work Opportunities 
system for such fiscal year. 
SEC. 218. REPORTS. 
20 USC 6148. 
The Secretaries may not provide an implementation grant 
imder section 212 to a State unless the State agrees that the 
State will submit to the Secretaries such reports as the Secretaries 
may reasonably require, relating to the use of amounts from such 
grant, except that the Secretaries may not require more than 1 
such report during any 3-month period. 
108 STAT. 592 
PUBLIC LAW 103-239—MAY 4, 1994 
Subtitle C—Development and Implementa-
tion Grants for Sehool-to-Work Programs 
for Indian Youths 
20 use 6161. 
SEC. 221. AUTHORIZATION. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—From amounts reserved under 
section 
605(b)(2), the Secretaries shall provide grants to establish and 
carry out School-to-Work Opportunities programs for Indian youths 
that involve Bureau funded schools (as defined in section 1139(3) 
of the Education Amendments of 1978 (25 U.S.C. 2019(3))). 
(b) ADDITIONAL AUTHORITIES.—^The Secretaries may carry out 
subsection (a) through such means as the Secretaries find appro-
priate, including— 
(1) the transfer of funds to the Secretary of the Interior; 
and 
(2) the provision of financial assistance to Indian tribes 
and Indian organizations. 
20 use 6162. 
SEC. 222. REQUIREMENTS. 
In providing grants under section 221, the Secretaries shall 
require recipients of such grants to comply with requirements simi-
lar to those requirements imposed on States under subtitles A 
and B of this title. 
urb^ a
n
d r
u
r
a
l TITLE III—FEDERAL IMPLEMENTATION 
areas. 
cMidren and 
GRANTS TO LOCAL PARTNERSHIPS 
20 use 6171. 
SEC. 301. PURPOSES. 
The purposes of this title are— 
(1) to authorize the Secretaries to provide competitive 
grants directly to local partnerships in order to provide funding 
for communities that have built a sound planning and develop-
ment base for School-to-Work Opportunities programs and are 
ready to begin implementing a local School-to-Work Opportuni-
ties program; and 
(2) to authorize the Secretaries to provide competitive 
g-ants to local partnerships to implement School-to-Work 
pportunities programs in nigh poverty areas of urban and 
rural communities to provide support for a comprehensive range 
of education, training, and support services for youths residing 
in such areas. 
20 use 6172. 
SEC. 302. AUTHORIZATION. 
(a) GRANTS TO LOCAL PARTNERSHIPS.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Subject to paragraph (2), the Secretaries 
may provide implementation grants, in accordance 
with 
competitive criteria established by the Secretaries, directly to 
local partnerships in States in such amounts as the Secretaries 
determine to be necessary to enable such partnerships to imple-
ment School-to-Work Opportunities programs. 
(2) RESTRICTIONS.—A local partnership— 
(A) shall be eligible to receive only 1 grant under 
this subsection; and 
PUBLIC LAW 103-239—MAY 4, 1994 
108 STAT. 593 
(B) shall not be eligible to receive a grant under this 
subsection if such partnership is located in a State that— 
(i) has been provided an implementation grant 
under section 212; and 
(ii) has received amounts from such grant for any 
fiscal year after the 1st fiscal year under such grant. 
(b) GRAPH'S TO LOCAL PARTNERSHIPS IN HIGH POVERTY AREAS.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Subject to paragraphs (2) and (3), the 
Secretaries 
shall, from 
amounts 
reserved 
under 
section 
605(b)(3), provide grants to local partnerships that are located 
in high poverty areas in States in such amounts as the Secretar-
ies determine to be necessary to enable such partnerships to 
implement School-to-Work Opportunities programs in such 
areas. 
(2) RESTRICTION.—^A local partnership shall be eligible to 
receive only 1 grant under this subsection. 
(3) PRIORITY.—In providing grants under paragraph (1), 
the Secretaries shall give priority to local partnerships that 
have a demonstrated effectiveness in the delivery of comprehen-
sive vocational preparation programs with successful rates in 
job placement tnrough cooperative activities among local edu-
cational agencies, local businesses, labor organizations, and 
other organizations. 
(c) PERIOD OF GRANT.—The provision of payments under a 
grant under subsection (a) or (b) shall not exceed 5 fiscal years 
and shall be subject to the annual approval of the Secretaries 
and subject to the availability of appropriations for the fiscal year 
involved to make the payments. 
SEC. 303. APPUCATION. 
20 USC 6173. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—^A local partnership that desires to receive 
a Federal implementation grant under section 302 shall submit 
an application to the Secretaries at such time and in such form 
as the Secretaries may require. The local partnership shall submit 
the application to the State for review and comment before submit-
ting the application to the Secretaries. 
(b) TIME LIMIT FOR STATE REVIEW AND COMMENT.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—The State shall provide for review and 
comment on the application under subsection (a) not later than 
30 days after the date on which the State receives the applica-
tion from the local partnership. 
(2) SUBMISSION WITHOUT STATE REVIEW AND COMMENT.— 
If the State does not provide review and comment within the 
30-day time period specified in paragraph (1), the local partner-
ship may submit the application to the Secretaries without 
first obtaining such review and comment. 
(c) CONTENTS.—^The application described in subsection (a) shall 
include a plan for local School-to-Work Opportunities programs 
that— 
(1) describes the manner in which the local partnership 
will meet the requirements of this Act; 
(2) includes the comments of the State on the plan, if 
any; 
(3) contains information that is consistent with the informa-
tion required to be submitted as part of a State plan in accord-
ance with paragraphs (5) through (17) and paragraph (23) 
of section 213(d); 
108 STAT. 594 
PUBLIC LAW 103-239—MAY 4, 1994 
(4) designates a fiscal agent to receive and be accountable 
for funds under this section; and 
(5) provides such other information as the Secretaries may 
require. 
(d) USE OF FUNDS FOR REVIEW OF APPLICATIONS.—The Secretar-
ies may use amounts reserved under section 605(b)(4) for the review 
of applications submitted imder subsection (a). 
20 use 6174. 
SEC. 304. USE OF AMOUNTS. 
The Secretaries may not provide an implementation grant 
under section 302 to a local partnership unless the partnership 
agrees that it will use all amounts from such grant to carry out 
activities. to implement a School-to-Work Opportunities program, 
including the activities described in section 215(b)(4). 
20 use 6175. 
SEC. 305. CONFORMITY WITH APPROVED STATE PLAN. 
The Secretaries shall not provide a grant under section 302 
to a local partnership in a State that has an approved State plan 
unless the Secretaries determine, after consultation with the State, 
that the plan submitted by the partnership is in accordance with 
such approved State plan. 
20 use 6176. 
SEC. 306. REPORTS. 
The Secretaries may not provide an implementation grant 
under section 302 to a local partnership unless the partnership 
agrees that the local partnership will submit to the Secretaries 
such reports as the Secretaries may reasonably require, relating 
to the use of amounts from such grant, except that the Secretaries 
may not require more than 1 such report during any 3-month 
period. 
20 use 6177. 
SEC. 307. HIGH POVERTY AREA DEFINED. 
For purposes of this title, the term "high poverty area" means 
an urban census tract, a contiguous group of urban census tracts, 
a block number area in a nonmetropolitan county, a contiguous 
group of block number areas in a nonmetropolitan county, or an 
Indian reservation (as defined in section 403(9) of the Indian Child 
Protection and Family Violence Prevention Act (25 U.S.C. 3202(9))), 
with a poverty rate of 20 percent or more among individuals who 
have not attained the age of 22, as determined by the Bureau 
of the Census. 
TITLE IV—NATIONAL PROGRAMS 
20 use 6191. 
SEC. 401. RESEARCH, DEMONSTRATION, AND OTHER PROJECTS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—^The Secretaries shall conduct research and 
development projects and establish a program of experimental and 
demonstration projects, to further the purposes of this Act. 
(b) ADDITIONAL USE OF FUNDS.—^The Secretaries may provide 
assistance for programs or services authorized under any other 
provision of this Act that are most appropriately administered at 
the national level and that will operate in, or benefit, more than 
1 State. 
Grants. 
SEC. 402. PERFORMANCE OUTCOMES AND EVALUATION. 
20^1;^ 6192 
(^^ ^^ GENERAL.—^The Secretaries, in collaboration with the 
States, shall by grant, contract, or otherwise, establish a system 
PUBLIC LAW 103-239—MAY 4, 1994 
108 STAT. 595 
of performance measures for assessing State and local programs 
regarding— 
(1) progress in the development and implementation of 
State plans described in section 213(d) that include the basic 
program components described in sections 102, 103, and 104 
and otherwise meet the requirements of title I; 
(2) participation in School-to-Work Opportunities programs 
by employers, schools, students, and school dropouts, including 
information on the gender, race, ethnicity, socioeconomic back-
ground, limited-English proficiency, and aisability of all partici-
pants and whether the participants are academically talented 
students; 
(3) progress in developing and implementing strategies for 
addressing the needs of students and school dropouts; 
(4) progress in meeting the goals of the State to ensure 
opportunities for young women to participate in School-to-Work 
Opportunities programs, including participation in nontradi-
tional emplo)nment through such programs; 
(5) outcomes for participating students and school dropouts, 
by gender, race, ethnicity, socioeconomic background, limited-
English proficiency, ana disability of the participants, and 
whether the participants are academically talented students, 
including information on— 
(A) academic learning gains; 
(B) stajdng in school and attaining— 
(i) a high school diploma, or a general equivalency 
diploma, or an alternative diploma or certificate for 
those students with disabilities for whom such alter-
native diploma or certificate is appropriate; 
(ii) a skill certificate; and 
(iii) a postsecondary degree; 
(C) attainment of strong experience in and understand-
ing of all aspects of the industry the students are preparing 
to enter; 
(D) placement and retention in further education or 
training, particularly in the career major of the student; 
and 
(E) job placement, retention, and earnings, particularly 
in the career major of the student; and 
(6) the extent to which the program has met the needs 
of employers. 
(b) EVALUATION.—^Not later than September 30, 1998, the Sec-
retaries shall complete a national evaluation of School-to-Work 
Opportunities programs funded under this Act by grants, contracts, 
or otherwise, that will track and assess the progress of implementa-
tion of State and local programs and their effectiveness based 
on measures such as those measures described in subsection (a). 
(c) REPORTS TO THE SECRETARIES.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Each State shall prepare and submit 
to the Secretaries periodic reports, at such intervals as the 
Secretaries may determine, containing information regarding 
the matters described in paragraphs (1) through (6) of sub-
section (a). 
(2) FEDERAL PROGRAMS.—Each State shall prepare and 
submit reports to the Secretaries, at such intervals as the 
-
Secretaries may determine, containing information on the 
extent to which Federal programs that are in existence on 
108 STAT. 596 
PUBLIC LAW 103-239—MAY 4, 1994 
the date of submission of the report and that are implemented 
at the State or local level may be duplicative, outdated, overly 
restrictive, or otherwise counterproductive to the development 
of comprehensive statewide School-to-Work Opportunities sys-
tems. 
20 use 6193. 
SEC. 403. TRAINING AND TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE. 
(a) PURPOSE.—^The Secretaries shall work in cooperation with 
the States, the individuals assigned under section 111(b)(1) of the 
Carl D. Perkins Vocational and Applied Technology Education Act 
(20 U.S.C. 2321(b)(1)), employers and their associations, secondary 
schools and postsecondary educational institutions, student and 
teacher organizations, labor organizations, and community-based 
organizations, to increase their capacity to develop and implement 
effective School-to-Work Opportunities programs. 
Grants. 
(b) AUTHORIZED ACTIVITIES.—The Secretaries shall provide, 
Contracts. 
through grants, contracts, or otherwise— 
(1) training, technical assistance, and other activities that 
will— 
(A) enhance the skills, knowledge, and expertise of 
the personnel involved in planning and implementing State 
and local School-to-Work Opportunities programs, such as 
training of the personnel to assist students; and 
(B) improve the quality of services provided to individ-
uals served under this Act; 
(2) assistance to States and local partnerships involved 
in carrying out School-to-Work Opportunities programs in order 
to integrate resources available under this Act with resources 
available under other Federal, State, and local authorities; 
(3) assistance to States and such local partnerships, includ-
ing local partnerships in rural communities with low population 
densities or in urban areas, to recruit employers to provide 
the work-based learning component, described in section 103, 
of School-to-Work Opportunities programs; and 
(4) assistance to States and local partnerships involved 
in carrying out School-to-Work Opportunities programs to 
design and implement school-sponsored enterprises. 
20 use 6194. 
SEC. 404. CAPACITY BUILDING AND INFORMATION AND DISSEMINA-
TION NETWORK. 
The Secretaries, acting through such mechanisms as the Capac-
ity Building and Information and Dissemination Network estab-
lished under section 453(b) of the Job Training Partnership Act 
(29 U.S.C. 1733(b)), the Educational Resources Information (Jenter 
Clearinghouses referred to in the Educational Research, Develop-
ment, Dissemination, and Improvement Act of 1994, and the 
National Network for Curriculum Coordination in Vocational and 
Technical Education under section 402(c) of the Carl D. Perkins 
Vocational and Applied Technology Education Act (20 U.S.C. 
2402(c)), shall— 
(1) collect and disseminate information— 
(A) on successful School-to-Work Opportunities pro-
grams and innovative school- and work-based curricula; 
(B) on research and evaluation conducted concerning 
school-to-work activities; 
(C) that will assist States and local partnerships in 
undertaking labor market analysis, surveys, or other activi-
ties related to economic development; 
PUBLIC LAW 103-239—MAY 4, 1994 
108 STAT. 597 
(D) on skill certificates, skill standards, and related 
assessment technologies; and 
(E) on methods for recruiting and building the capacity 
of employers to provide work-based learning opportunities; 
and 
(2) facilitate commiinication and the exchange of informa-
tion and ideas among States and local partnerships carrying 
out School-to-Work Opportunities programs. 
SEC. 405. REPORTS TO CONGRESS. 
20 USC 6195. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 24 months after the date 
of the enactment of this Act, and every 12 months thereafter, 
the Secretaries shall prepare and submit a report to the Congress 
on all activities carried out pursuant to this Act. 
(b) CONTENTS.—^The Secretaries shall, at a minimum, include 
in each such report— 
(1) information concerning the programs that receive assist-
ance under this Act; 
(2) a summary of the information contained in the State 
and local partnership reports submitted under titles II and 
III and section 402(c); and 
(3) information regarding the findings and actions taken 
as a result of any evaluation conducted by the Secretaries. 
SEC. 406. FUNDING. 
20 USC 6196. 
The Secretaries shall use funds reserved under section 605(bX4) 
to carry out activities under this title. 
TITLE V—WAIVER OF STATUTORY AND 
REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS 
SEC. 501. STATE AND LOCAL PARTNERSHIP REQUESTS AND RESPON- 
20 USC 6211. 
SmiLTTIES FOR WAIVERS. 
(a) STATE REQUEST FOR WAIVER.—A State may submit to the 
Secretaries a request for a waiver of 1 or more requirements of 
the provisions of law referred to in sections 502 and 503, or of 
the regulations issued imder such provisions, in order to carry 
out the statewide School-to-Work Opportunities system established 
by such State under subtitle B of title II. The State may submit 
the request as a part of the application described in section 213 
(or as an amendment to the application at any time after submission 
of the application). Such request may include a request for different 
waivers with respect to different areas within the State. 
(b) LOCAL PARTNERSHIP REQUEST FOR WAIVER.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—^A local partnership that seeks a waiver 
of such a requirement shall submit an application for such 
waiver to the State, and the State shall determine whether 
to submit a request for a waiver to the Secretaries, as provided 
in subsection (a). 
(2) TIME LIMIT.— 
(A) IN GENERAL.—^The State shall make a determina-
tion to submit or not submit the request for a waiver 
under paragraph (1) not later than 30 days after the date 
on which the State receives the application from the local 
partnership. 
(B) DIRECT SUBMISSION.— 
108 STAT. 598 
PUBLIC LAW 103-239—MAY 4, 1994 
(i) IN GENERAL.—If the State does not make a 
determination to submit or not submit the request 
within the 30-day time period specified in subpara-
graph (A), the local partnership may submit the 
application to the Secretaries. 
(ii) 
REQUIREMENTS.—In 
submitting 
such 
an 
application, the local partnership shall obtain the 
agreement of the State involved to comply with the 
requirements of section 502(a)(1)(C) or 503(a)(1)(C), as 
appropriate, and comply with the other requirements 
of section 502 or 503, as appropriate, and of subsections 
(c) and (d), that would otherwise apply to a State 
submitting a request for a waiver. In reviewing such 
an application, the Secretaries shall comply with the 
requirements of such section and such subsections that 
would otherwise apply to the Secretaries with respect 
to review of such a request. 
(c) WAIVER CRITERIA,—^Any such request by the State shall 
meet the criteria contained in section 502 or 503 and shall specify 
the provisions or regulations referred to in such sections with 
respect to which the State seeks a waiver. 
(d) SUPPORT BY APPROPRIATE STATE AGENCIES.—In requesting 
such a waiver, the State shall provide evidence of support for 
the waiver request by the State agencies or officials with jurisdiction 
over the provisions or regulations that would be waived. 
20 use 6212. 
SEC. 502. WAIVER AUTHORITY OF SECRETARY OF EDUCATION. 
(a) WAIVER AUTHORITY.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Except as provided in subsection (c), the 
Secretary of Education may waive any requirement under any 
provision of law referred to in subsection (b), or of any regula-
tion issued under such provision, for a State that requests 
such a waiver and has an approved State plan— 
(A) if, and only to the extent that, the Secretary of 
Education determines that such requirement impedes the 
ability of the State or a local partnership to carry out 
the purposes of this Act; 
(B) if the State provides the Secretary of Education 
with documentation of the necessity for the waiver, includ-
ing information concerning— 
(i) the specific requirement that will be waived; 
(ii) the specific positive outcomes expected from 
the waiver and why those outcomes cannot be achieved 
while complying with the requirement; 
(iii) the process that will be used to monitor the 
progress of the State or local partnership in implement-
ing the waiver; and 
(iv) such other information as the Secretary of 
Education may require; 
(C) if the State waives, or agrees to waive, similar 
requirements of State law; and 
(D) if the State— 
(i) has provided all local partnerships that carry 
out programs under this Act, and local educational 
agencies participating in such a local partnership, in 
the State with notice and an opportunity to comment 
on the proposal of the State to seek a waiver; 
PUBLIC LAW 103-239—MAY 4, 1994 
108 STAT. 599 
(ii) provides, to the extent feasible, to students, 
parents, advocacy and civil rights groups, and labor 
and business organizations an opportunity to comment 
on the proposal of the State to seek a waiver; and 
(iii) has submitted the comments of the local part-
nerships and local educational agencies to the Sec-
retary of Education. 
(2) APPROVAL OR DISAPPROVAL.—The Secretary of Education 
shall promptly approve or disapprove any request submitted 
pursuant to paragraph (1) and shall issue a decision that shall— 
(A) include the reasons for approving or disapproving 
the request, including a response to comments on the pro-
posal; and 
(B) in the case of a decision to approve the request, 
be disseminated by the State seeking the waiver to 
interested parties, including educators, parents, students, 
advocacy and civil rights organizations, labor and business 
organizations, and the public. 
(3) APPROVAL CRITERL^..—In approving a request under 
paragraph (2), the Secretary of Education shall consider the 
amount of State resources that will be used to implement 
the approved State plan. 
(4) TERM.—Each waiver approved pursuant to this sub-
section shall be for a period not to exceed 5 years, except 
that the Secretary of Education may extend such period if 
the Secretary of Education determines that the waiver has 
been effective in enabling the State or local partnership to 
carry out the purposes of this Act. 
(b) INCLUDED PROGRAMS.—^The provisions subject to the waiver 
authority of this section are— 
(1) chapter 1 of title I of the Elementary and Secondary 
Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 2701 et seq.), including the 
Even Start programs carried out under part B of such chapter 
(20 U.S.C. 2741 et seq.); 
(2) part A of chapter 2 of title I of the Elementary and 
Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 2921 et seq.); 
(3) part A of title II of the Elementary and Secondary 
Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 2981 et seq.); 
(4) part D of title IV of the Elementary and Secondary 
Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 3121 et seq.); 
(5) title V of the Elementary and Secondary Education 
Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 3171 et seq.); and 
(6) the Carl D. Perkins Vocational and Applied Technology 
Education Act (20 U.S.C. 2301 et seq.). 
(c) WAIVERS NOT AUTHORIZED.—^The Secretary of Education 
may not waive any requirement of any provision referred to in 
subsection (b), or of any regulation issued under such provision, 
relating to— 
(1) the basic purposes or goals of such provision; 
(2) maintenance of effort; 
(3) comparability of services; 
(4) the equitable participation of students attending private 
schools; 
(5) student and parental participation and involvement; 
(6) the distribution of funds to State or local educational 
agencies; 
108 STAT. 600 
PUBLIC LAW 103-239—MAY 4, 1994 
(7) the eligibility of an individual for participation in a 
program under such provision; 
(8) public health or safety, labor standards, civil rights, 
occupational safety and health, or environmental protection; 
or 
(9) prohibitions or restrictions relating to the construction 
of buildings or facilities. 
(d) TERMINATION OF WAIVERS.—The Secretary of Education 
shall periodically review the performance of any State, local partner-
ship, or local educational agency, for which the Secretary of Edu-
cation has granted a waiver under this section and shall terminate 
the waiver under this section if the Secretary of Education deter-
mines that the performance of the State, local partnership, or 
local educational agency that is affected by the waiver has been 
inadequate to justify a continuation of the waiver, or the State 
fails to waive similar requirements of State law as required or 
agreed to in accordance with subsection (aXlXC). 
20 use 6213. 
SEC. 503. WAIVER AUTHORITY OF SECRETARY OF LABOR. 
(a) WAIVER AUTHORITY.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Except as provided in subsection (b), the 
Secretary of Labor may waive any requirement under any 
provision of the Job Training Partnership Act (29 U.S.C. 1501 
et seq.), or of any regulation issued under such provision, 
for a State that requests such a waiver and has an approved 
State plan— 
(A) if, and only to the extent that, the Secretary of 
Labor determines that such requirement impedes the abil-
ity of the State or a local partnership to carry out the 
purposes of this Act; 
(B) if the State provides the Secretary of Labor with 
documentation of the necessity for the waiver, including 
information concerning— 
(i) the specific requirement that will be waived; 
(ii) the specific positive outcomes expected from 
the waiver and why those outcomes cannot be achieved 
while compljdng with the requirement; 
(iii) the process that will be used to monitor the 
progress of the State or local partnership in implement-
ing the waiver; and 
(iv) such other information as the Secretary of 
Labor may require; 
(C) if the State waives, or agrees to waive, similar 
requirements of State law; and 
(D) if the State— 
(i) has provided all local partnerships that carry 
\ 
out programs under this Act in the State with notice 
and an opportunity to comment on the proposal of 
the State to seek a waiver; 
(ii) provides, to the extent feasible, to students, 
parents, advocacy and civil rights groups, and labor 
and business organizations an opportunity to comment 
on the proposal of the State to seek a waiver; and 
(iii) has submitted the comments of the local part-
nerships to the Secretary of Labor. 
PUBLIC LAW 103-239—MAY 4, 1994 
108 STAT. 601 
(2) APPROVAL OR DISAPPROVAL.—The Secretary of Labor 
shall promptly approve or disapprove any request submitted 
pursuant to paragraph (1) and shall issue a decision that shall— 
(A) include the reasons for approving or disapproving 
the request, including a response to comments on the pro-
posal; and 
(B) in the case of a decision to approve the request, 
be disseminated by the State seeking the waiver to 
interested parties, including educators, parents, students, 
advocacy and civil rights organizations, labor and business 
organizations, and the public. 
(3) APPROVAL CRITERIA.—In approving a request under 
paragraph (2), the Secretary of Labor shall consider the amount 
of State resources that will be used to implement the approved 
State plan. 
(4) TERM.—Each waiver approved pursuant to this sub-
section shall be for a period not to exceed 5 years, except 
that the Secretary of Labor may extend such period if the 
Secretary of Labor determines that the waiver has been effec-
tive in enabling the State or local partnership to carry out 
the purposes of this Act. 
(b) WAIVERS NOT AUTHORIZED.—The Secretary of Labor may 
not waive any requirement under any provision of the Job Training 
Partnership Act (29 U.S.C. 1501 et seq.), or of any regulation 
issued under such provision, relating to— 
(1) the basic purposes or goals of such provision; 
(2) maintenance of effort; 
(3) the distribution of funds; 
(4) the eligibility of an individual for participation in a 
program under such provision; 
(5) public health or safety, labor standards, civil rights, 
occupational safety and health, or environmental protection; 
or 
(6) prohibitions or restrictions relating to the construction 
of buildings or facilities. 
(c) TERMINATION OF WAIVERS.—The Secretary of Labor shall 
periodically review the performance of any State or local partnership 
for which the Secretary of Labor has granted a waiver under this 
section and shall terminate the waiver under this section if the 
Secretary of Labor determines that the performance of the State 
or local partnership affected by the waiver has been inadequate 
to justify a continuation of the waiver, or the State fails to waive 
similar requirements of State law as required or agreed to in 
accordance with subsection (a)(1)(C). 
SEC. 504. COMBINATION OF FEDERAL FUNDS FOR HIGH POVERTY 
20 USC 6214. 
SCHOOLS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.— 
(1) PURPOSES.—^The purposes of this section are— 
(A) to integrate activities under this Act with school-
to-work activities carried out under other Acts; and 
(B) to maximize the effective use of resources. 
(2) COMBINATION OF FUNDS.—To carry out such purposes, 
a local partnership that receives assistance under title II or 
III may carry out schoolwide school-to-work activities in schools 
that meet the requirements of subparagraphs (A) and (B) of 
108 STAT. 602 
PUBLIC LAW 103-239—MAY 4, 1994 
section 263(gXl) of the Job Training Partnership Act (29 U.S.C. 
1643(g)(1) (A) and (B)) with funds obtained by combining— 
(A) Federal funds under this Act; and 
(B) other Federal funds made available from among 
programs under— 
(i) the provisions of law listed in paragraphs (2) 
through (6) of section 502(b); and 
(ii) the Job Training Partnership Act (29 U.S.C. 
1501 et seq.). 
(b) USE OF FUNDS.—^A local partnership may use the Federal 
funds combined under subsection (a) under the requirements of 
this Act, except that the provisions relating to the matters specified 
in paragraphs (1) through (6) and paragraphs (8) and (9) of section 
502(c), and paragraphs (1) through (3) and paragraphs (5) and 
(6) of section 503(b), that relate to the program through which 
the funds described in subsection (a)(2)(B) were made available, 
shall remain in effect with respect to the use of such funds. 
(c) ADDITIONAL INFORMATION IN APPLICATION.—A local partner-
ship seeking to combine funds under subsection (a) shall include 
in the application of the local partnership under title II or III— 
(1) a description of the funds the local partnership proposes 
to combine under the requirements of this Act; 
(2) the activities to be carried out with such funds; 
(3) the specific outcomes expected of participants in 
schoolwide school-to-work activities; and 
(4) such other information as the State, or Secretaries, 
as the case may be, may require. 
(d) PROVISION OF INFORMATION.—^The local partnership shall, 
to the extent feasible, provide information on the proposed combina-
tion of Federal funds under subsection (a) to educators, parents, 
students, advocacy and civil rights organizations, labor and business 
organizations, and the public. 
20 use 6215. 
SEC. 605. COMBINATION OF FEDERAL FUNDS BY STATES 
FOR 
SCHOOL-TO-WORK ACTIVITIES. 
(a) IN GENERAL.— 
(1) PURPOSES.—^The purposes of this section are— 
(A) to integrate activities under this Act with State 
school-to-work activities carried out under other Acts; and 
(B) to maximize the effective use of resources. 
(2) COMBINATION OF FUNDS.—To carry out such purposes, 
a State that has an approved State plan may carry out activities 
necessary to develop and implement a statewide School-to-
Work Opportunities system witn funds obtained by combining— 
(A) Federal funds under this Act; and 
(B) other Federal funds that are made available 
under— 
(i) section 102(a)(3) of the Carl D. Perkins Voca-
tional Education and Applied Technology Education 
Act (20 U.S.C. 2312(a)(3)); 
(ii) section 202(c)(1)(C) or section 262(c)(1)(C) of 
the 
Job 
Training 
Partnership 
Act 
(29 
U.S.C. 
1602(cXl)(C) or 1642(c)(1)(C)); 
(iii) section 202(c)(1)(B) of the Job Training Part-
nership Act that would otherwise be available for the 
purposes described in section 202(c)(3) of such Act; 
or 
PUBLIC LAW 103-239—MAY 4, 1994 
108 STAT. 603 
(iv) section 262(c)(1)(B) of the Job Training Part-
nership Act that would otherwise be available for the 
purposes described in section 262(c)(3) of such Act. 
(b) USE OF FUNDS.—^A State may use, under the requirements 
of this Act, Federal funds that are made available to the State 
and combined under subsection (a) to carry out school-to-work 
activities, except that the provisions relating to the matters specified 
in section 502(c), and section 503(b), that relate to the program 
through which the funds described in subsection (a)(2)(B) were 
made available, shall remain in effect with respect to the use 
of such funds. 
(c) ADDITIONAL INFORMATION IN APPLICATION.—^A State seeking 
to combine funds under subsection (a) shall include in the applica-
tion described in section 213— 
(1) a description of the funds the State proposes to combine 
under the requirements of this Act; 
(2) the activities to be carried out with such funds; 
(3) the specific outcomes expected of participants in school-
to-work activities; 
(4) formal evidence of support for the request by the State 
agencies or officials with jurisdiction over the funds that would 
be combined; and 
(5) such other information as the Secretaries may require. 
(d) EXTENSION.—The authority of a State to combine funds 
under this section shall not exceed 5 years, except that the Secretar-
ies may extend such period if the Secretaries determine that an 
extension of such authority would further the purposes of this 
Act. 
(e) LIMITATION.—Nothing in this section shall be construed 
to relieve a State of an obligation to conduct the activities required 
under section 201(b) of the Carl D. Perkins Vocational Education 
and Applied Technology Education Act. 
TITLE VI—GENERAL PROVISIONS 
SEC. 601. REQUIREMENTS. 
20 USC 623L 
The following requirements shall apply to programs under this 
Act: 
(1) PROHIBITION ON DISPLACEMENT.—NO student participat-
ing in such a program shall displace any currently employed 
worker (including a partial displacement, such as a reduction 
in the hours of nonovertime work, wages, or employment 
benefits). 
(2) PROHIBITION ON IMPAIRMENT OF CONTRACTS.—No such 
grogram shall impair existing contracts for services or collective 
argaining agreements, and no such program that would be 
inconsistent with the terms of a collective bargaining agreement 
shall be undertaken without the written concurrence of the 
labor organization and employer concerned. 
(3) PROHIBITION ON REPLACEMENT.—No student participat-
ing in such a program shall be employed or fill a job— 
(A) when any other individual is on temporary layoff, 
with the clear possibility of recall, from the same or any 
substantially 
equivalent job with 
the 
participating 
employer; or 
108 STAT. 604 
PUBLIC LAW 103-239—MAY 4, 1994 
(B) when the employer has terminated the employment 
of any regular employee or otherwise reduced the workforce 
of the employer with the intention of filling the vacancy 
so created with the student. 
(4) WORKPLACES.—Students participating in such programs 
shall be provided with adequate and safe equipment and safe 
and healthful workplaces in conformity with all health and 
safety requirements of Federal, State, and local law. 
(5) EFFECT ON OTHER LAWS.—^Nothing in this Act shall 
be construed to modify or affect any Federal or State law 
prohibiting discrimination on the basis of race, religion, color, 
ethnicity, national origin, gender, age, or disability, or to modify 
or affect any right to enforcement of this Act that may exist 
under other Federal laws, except as expressly provided by 
this Act. 
(6) PROHIBITION CONCERNING WAGES.—Funds appropriated 
under authority of this Act shall not be expended for wages 
of students or workplace mentors participating in such pro-
grams. 
(7) OTHER REQUIREMENTS.—The Secretaries shall establish 
such other requirements as the Secretaries may determine 
to be appropriate, in order to ensure that participants in pro-
grams under this Act are afforded adequate supervision by 
skilled adult workers, or to otherwise further the purposes 
of this Act. 
20 u s e 6232. 
SEC. 602. SANCTIONS. 
(a) TERMINATION OR SUSPENSION OF ASSISTANCE.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—^The Secretaries may terminate or sus-
pend any financial assistance under this Act, in whole or in 
part, or not make payments under a grant awarded under 
this Act, if the Secretaries determine that a recipient has 
failed to meet any requirements of this Act, including— 
(A) reporting requirements under section 402(c); 
(B) regulations under this Act; or 
(C) requirements of an approved State plan. 
(2) NOTICE AND OPPORTUNITY FOR HEARING.—If the Sec-
retaries terminate or suspend such financial assistance, or do 
not make such payments under paragraph (1), with respect 
to a recipient, then the Secretaries shall provide— 
(A) prompt notice to such recipient; and 
(B) the opportunity for a hearing to such recipient 
not later than 30 days after the date on which such notice 
is provided. 
(b) NONDELEGATION.—^The Secretaries shall not delegate any 
of the functions or authority specified in this section, other than 
to an officer whose appointment is required to be made by and 
with the advice and consent of the Senate. 
20 u s e 6233. 
SEC 603. STATE AUTHORITY. 
Nothing in this Act shall be construed to negate or supersede 
the legal authority, luider State law or other applicable law, of 
any State agency. State entity, or State public official over programs 
that are^ under the jurisdiction of the agency, entity, or official. 
Nothing in this Act shall be construed to interfere with the authority 
of such agency, entity, or official to enter into a contract under 
£iny provision of law. 
PUBLIC LAW 103-239—MAY 4, 1994 
108 STAT. 605 
SEC. 604. PROHIBITION ON FEDERAL MANDATES, DIRECTION, AND 20 USC 6234. 
CONTROL. 
Nothing in this Act shall be construed to authorize an officer 
or employee of the Federal Grovemment to mandate, direct, or 
control a State's, local educational agency's, or school's curriculum, 
program of instruction, or allocation of State or local resources 
or mandate a State or any subdivision thereof to spend any funds 
or incur any costs not paid for under this Act. 
SEC. 605. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS. 
20 USC 6235. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—^There are authorized to be appropriated to 
the Secretaries to carry out this Act $300,000,000 for fiscal year 
1995 and such sums as may be necessary for each of the fiscal 
years 1996 through 1999. 
(b) RESERVATIONS.—From amounts appropriated under sub-
section (a) for any fiscal year, the Secretaries— 
(1) shall reserve not more than Vi of 1 percent of such 
amounts for such fiscal year to provide grants under sections 
202 and 212 to the jurisdictions described in section 202(b); 
(2) shall reserve not more than V2 of 1 percent of such 
^ 
amounts for such fiscal year to provide grants under subtitle 
C of title II to establish and carry out School-to-Work 
Opportunities programs for Indian youths that involve Bureau 
funded schools (as defined in section 1139(3) of the Education 
Amendments of 1978 (25 U.S.C. 2019(3))); 
(3) shall reserve 10 percent of such amounts for such fiscal 
year to provide grants under section 302(b) to local partnerships 
located in high poverty areas, which reserved funds may oe 
used in conjunction with funds available under the Youth Fair 
Chance Program set forth in part H of title IV of the Job 
Training Partnership Act (29 U.S.C. 1782 et seq.); and 
(4XA) shall reserve 2.5 percent of such amounts for such 
fiscal year to carry out section 404; and 
(B) shall reserve not more than an additional 5 percent 
of such amounts for such fiscal year to carry out other activities 
under title IV, and activities under sections 214(d) and 303(d). 
(c) AVAILABILITY OF FUNDS.—Funds appropriated for any fiscal 
year for programs authorized under this Act shall remain available 
imtil expended. 
TITLE VII—OTHER PROGRAMS 
Subtitle A—Reauthorization of Job Train-
ing for the Homeless Demonstration Pro-
gram Under the Stewart B. McKinney 
Homeless Assistance Act 
SEC. 701. REAUTHORIZATION. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Section 739(a) of the Stewart B. McKinney 
Homeless Assistance Act (42 U.S.C. 11449(a)) is amended by strik-
ing "the following amounts:" and all that follows and inserting 
"such sums as may be necessary for each of the fiscal years 1994 
and 1995.". 
108 STAT. 606 
PUBLIC LAW 103-239—MAY 4, 1994 
(b) CONFORMING AMENDMENT.—Section 741 of the Stewart B. 
Mcidnney Homeless Assistance Act (42 U.S.C. 11450) is amended 
by striking "1993" and inserting "1995". 
Subtitle B—^Tech-Prep Programs 
Alaska Native 
Culture and 
Arts 
Development 
Act 
20 u s e 4401 
note. 
20 u s e 4441. 
SEC. 711. TECH-PREP EDUCATION. 
(a) CONTENTS OF PROGRAM.—Section 344(b)(2) of the Tech-
Prep Education Act (20 U.S.C. 2394b(bX2)) is amended by inserting 
"or 4 years" before "of secondary school". 
(b) SPECIAL CONSIDERATION; PRIORITY.—Section 345(dX2) of the 
Tech-Prep Education Act (20 U.S.C. 2394c(dX2)) is amended to 
read as follows: 
"(2) are developed in consultation with business, industry, 
labor imions, and institutions of higher education that award 
baccalaureate degrees; and". 
Subtitle C—^Alaska Native Art and Culture 
SEC. 721. SHORT TITLE. 
This title may be cited as the "Alaska Native Culture and 
Arts Development Act". 
SEC. 722. ALASKA NATIVE ART AND CULTURK 
Part B of title XV of the Higher Education Amendments of 
1986 (20 U.S.C. 4441 et seq.) is amended— 
(1) in the part heading, to read as follows: 
TART B—NATIVE HAWAIIANS AND ALASKA NATIVES"; 
and 
(2) in section 1521, to read as follows: 
•«EC. 1521. PROGRAM FOR NATIVE HAWAIIAN AND ALASKA NATIVE 
CULTURE AND ARTS DEVELOPMENT. 
"(a) IN GENERAL.—^The Secretary of the Interior is authorized 
to make grants for the purpose of supporting programs for Native 
Hawaiian or Alaska Native culture and arte development to any 
private, nonprofit organization or institution which— 
"(1) primarily serves and represents Native Hawaiians or 
Alaska Natives, and 
"(2) has been recognized by the Governor of the State 
of Hawaii or the Governor of the State of Alaska, as appropriate, 
for the purpose of making such organization or institution 
eligible to receive such grantis. 
"(b) PURPOSE OF GRANTS.—Grants made imder subsection (a) 
shall, to the extent deemed possible by the Secretary and the 
recipient of the grant, be used— 
"(1) to provide scholarly study of, and instruction in. Native 
Hawaiian or Alaska Native art and culture, 
"(2) to establish programs which culminate in the awarding 
of degrees in the various fields of Native Hawaiian or Alaska 
Native art and culture, or 
"(3) to establish centers and programs with respect to 
Native Hawaiian or Alaska Native art and culture that are 
/ 
PUBLIC LAW 103-239—MAY 4, 1994 
108 STAT. 607 
similar in purpose to the centers and programs described in 
subsections (b) and (c) of section 1510. 
"(c) MANAGEMENT OF GRANTS.— 
"(1) Any organization or institution which is the recipient 
of a grant made under subsection (a) shall establish a governing 
board to manage and control the program with respect to which 
such grant is made. 
"(2) For any grants made with respect to Native Hawaiian 
art and culture, the members of the governing board which 
is required to be established under paragraph (1) shall— 
"(A) be Native Hawaiians or individuals widely recog-
nized in the field of Native Hawaiian art and culture, 
"(B) include a representative of the Office of Hawaiian 
Affairs of the State of Hawaii, 
"(C) include the president of the University of Hawaii, 
"(D) include the president of the Bishop Museum, and 
"(E) serve for a fixed term of office. 
"(3) For any grants made with respect to Alaska Native 
art and culture, the members of the governing board which 
is required to be established under paragraph (1) shall— 
"(A) include Alaska Natives and individuals widely 
recognized in the field of Alaska Native art and culture, 
"(B) represent the Eskimo, Indian and Aleut cultures 
of Alaska, and 
"(C) serve for a fixed term.". 
Subtitle D—Job Training 
SEC. 731. AMENDMENT TO JOB TRAINING PARTNERSHIP ACT TO PRO-
VIDE ALLOWANCES FOR CHILD CARE COSTS TO CERTAIN 
INDIVIDUALS PARTICIPATING IN THE JOB CORPS. 
Section 429 of the Job Training Partnership Act (29 U.S.C. 
1699) is amended by adding at the end the following new subsection: 
"(e) In addition to child care assistance provided under section 
428(e), the Secretary shall provide enrollees who otherwise could 
not participate in the Job (Jorps with allowances to pay for child 
care costs, such as food, clothing, and health care for the child. 
Allowances under this subsection may only be provided during 
the first 2 months of an enrollee's participation in the program 
and shall be in an amount that does not exceed the maximum 
amount that may be provided by the State pursuant to section 
402(g)(1)(C) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 602(g)(1)(C)).". 
TITLE VIII—TECHNICAL PROVISIONS 
SEC. 801. EFFECTIVE DATE. 
20 USC 6101 
This Act shall take effect on the date of enactment of this 
Act. 
108 STAT. 608 
PUBLIC LAW 103-239—MAY 4,1994 
20 u s e 6251. 
SEC. 802. SUNSET. 
The authority provided by this Act shall terminate on October 
1, 2001. 
Approved May 4,1994. 
LEGISLATIVE HISTORY—H.R. 2884 (S. 1361): 
HOUSE REPORTS: Nos. 103-345 (Comm. on Education and Labor) and 103-480 
(Comm. of Conference). 
SENATE REPORTS: No. 103-179 accompanying S. 1361 (Comm. on Labor and Human 
Resources). 
CONGRESSIONAL RECORD: 
Vol. 139 (1993): Nov. 15, considered and passed House. 
Vol. 140 (1994): Feb. 7, 8, considered and passed Senate, amended, in lieu of 
S. 1361. 
Apr. 20, House agreed to conference report. 
Apr. 21, Senate agreed to conference report. 
WEEKLY COMPILATION OF PRESIDENTIAL DOCUMENTS, Vol. 30 (1994): 
May 4, Presidential remarks and statement.