FRIENDSHIP Act
PL 103-199 (H.R.3000), enacted 12/17/1993

PUBLIC LAW 103-199—DEC. 17, 1993 
107 STAT. 2317 
Public Law 103-199 
103d Congress 
An Act 
For reform in emerging new democracies and support and help for improved partner-
ship with Riissia, Ukraine, and other new independent states of the former 
Soviet Union. 
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of 
the United States of 
America in Congress assembled, 
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLES. 
This Act may be cited as the "Act For Reform In Emerging 
New Democracies and Support and Help for Improved Partnership 
with Russia, Ukraine, and Other New Independent States" or as 
the "FRIENDSHIP Act". 
SEC. 2. TABLE OF CONTENTS. 
The table of contents for this Act is as follows: 
Sec. 1. Short titles. 
Sec. 2. Table of contents. 
Sec. 3. Definition. 
TITLE I—POUCY OF FRIENDSHIP AND COOPERATION 
Sec. 101. Statement of purpose. 
Sec. 102. Findings. 
Sec. 103. Statutory provisions that have been applicable to the Soviet Union. 
TITLE II—TRADE AND BUSINESS RELATIONS 
Sec. 201. Policy under Export Administration Act. 
Sec. 202. Representation of countries of Eastern Europe and the Independent 
States of the former Soviet Union in le^eA commercial transactions. 
Sec. 203. Procedures regarding transfers of certam Department of Defense-funded 
items. ^ 
Sec. 204. Soviet slave labor. 
TITLE 
III—CULTURAL, 
EDUCATIONAL, 
AND 
OTHER 
EXCHANGE PROGRAMS 
Sec. 301. Mutual Educational and Cultural Exchan^ Act of 1961. 
Sec. 302. Soviet-Eastern European research and training. 
Sec. 303. Fascell Fellowship Act. 
Sec. 304. Board for International Broadcasting Act. 
Sec. 306. Scholarship programs for developing coimtries. 
Sec. 306. Report on Soviet participants in certain exchange programs. 
TITLE IV—ARMS CONTROL 
Sec. 401. Arms Control and Disarmament Act. 
Sec. 402. Arms Export Contiiol Act. 
Sec. 403. Annual reports on arms control matters. 
Sec. 404. United States/Soviet direct communication link. 
TITLE V—DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS 
Sec. 501. Personnel levels and limitations. 
Sec. 502. Other provisions ntlated to operation of embassies and consulates. 
Dec. 17, 1993 
[H.R. 3000] 
Act For Reform 
In Emerging 
New Democracies 
and Support and 
Help for 
Improved 
Partnership 
with Russia, 
Ukraine, and 
Other New 
Independent 
States. 
FRIENDSHIP 
Act. 
Foreign 
relations. 
22 use 5801 
note. 
107 STAT. 2318 
PUBLIC LAW 103-199—DEC. 17, 1993 
Sec. 503. Foreign Service Bmldings Act 
TITLE VI—OCEANS AND THE ENVIRONMENT 
Sec. 601. Arctic Research and Policy Act. 
Sec. 602. Fur seal management 
Sec. 603. Global climate protection. 
TITLE VII—REGIONAL AND GENERAL DIPLOMATIC ISSUES 
Sec. 701. United Nations assessments. 
Sec. 702. Soviet occupation of Afghanistan. 
Sec. 703. Ansola. 
^' 
' 
Sec. 704. Self determination of the people from the Baltic States. 
Sec. 705. Obsolete references in Foreip^ Assistance Act. 
Sec. 706. Review of United States policy toward the Soviet Union. 
TITLE VIII—INTERNAL SECURITY; WORLDWIDE COMMUNIST CONSPIRACY 
Sec. 801. Civil defense. 
Sec. 802. Report on Soviet press manipulation in the United States. 
Sec. 803. Subversive Activities Control Act. 
Sec. 804. Report on Soviet and international communist behavior. 
TITLE EC—MISCELLANEOUS 
Sec. 901. Ballistic missile tests near Hawaii. 
Sec. 902. Nondelivery of international mail. 
Sec. 903. State-sponsored harassment of religious groups. 
Sec. 904. Murder of Minor Arthiu* Nicholson. 
Sec. 905. Monument to nonor victims of commimism. 
22 u s e 5801 
SEC. 3. DEFINITION. 
As used in this Act (including the amendments made by this 
Act), the terms "independent states of the former Soviet union" 
and "independent states" have the meaning ^ven those terms by 
section 3 of the Freedom for Russia and Emerging Eurasian Democ-
racies and Open Markets Support Act of 1992 (22 U.S.C. 5801). 
TITLE I—POLICY OF FREENDSfflP AND 
COOPERATION 
22 use 5801 
SEC. 101. STATEMENT OF PURPOSE. 
The pvurpose of this Act is to amend or repeal numerous statu-
tory provisions that restrict or otherwise impede normal relations 
between the United Stetes and the Russian Federation, Ukraine, 
and the other independent stetes of the former Soviet Union. All 
of the stetutory provisions amended or repealed by this Act were 
relevant and appropriate at the time of enactment, but with the 
end of the Cola War, they have become obsolete. It is not the 
purpose of this Act to rewrite or erase history, or to forget those 
who suffered in the past from the i]:\justices or repression of com-
munist regimes in the Soviet Union, but rather to update United 
Stetes law to reflect changed international circumstances and te 
demonstrate for reformers and democrate in the independent stetes 
of the former Soviet Union the resolve of the people of the United 
Stetes to support the process of democratic and economic reform 
and to conduct business with those stetes in a new spirit of friend-
ship and cooperation. 
22 u s e 5801 
SEC. 102. FINDINGS. 
The Congress finds and declares as follows: 
(1) Tiie Vancouver Declaration issued by President Clinton 
and President Yeltein in April 1993 marked a new milestone 
in the development of the spirit of cooperation and partnership 
PUBLIC LAW 103-199—DEC. 17, 1993 
107 STAT. 2319 
between the United States and Russia. The Congress affirms 
its support for the principles contained in the Vancouver Dec-
laration. 
(2) The Vancouver Declaration underscored that— 
(A) a dynamic and effective partnership between the 
United States and Russia is vital to the success of Russia's 
historic transformation; 
(B) the rapid integration of Russia into the commimity 
of democratic nations and the world economy is important 
to the national interest of the United States; and 
(C) cooperation between the United States and Russia 
is essential to the peaceful resolution of international con-
flicts and the prcimotion of democratic values, the protection 
of hirnian rights, and the solution of global problems such 
as environmental 
pollution, terrorism, and narcotics 
trafficking. 
(3) The Congress enacted the FREEDOM Support Act (Pub-
lic Law 102-511), as well as other legislation such as the 
Soviet Nuclear Threat Reduction Act of 1991 (title II of Public 
Law 102-228) and the Former Soviet Union Demilitarization 
Act of 1992 (title XEV of Public Law 102-484), to help meet 
the historic opportvuiities and challenges presented by the 
transformation that has taken place, and is continuing to take 
place, in what once was the Soviet Union. 
(4) The process of reform in Russia, Ukraine, and the 
other independent states of the former Soviet Union is ongoing. 
The holding of a rsferendum in Russia on April 25, 1993, 
that was free and fair, and that reflected the support of the 
Russian people for the process of continued and strengthened 
democratic and economic reform, represents an important and 
encouraging hallmark in this ongoing process. 
(5) There remain in force many United States laws that 
are relics of the Cold War, and repeals or revisions of these 
provisions can play an important role in efforts to foster and 
strengthen the bonds of trust and friendship, as well as mutu-
ally beneficial trade and economic relations, between the United 
States and Russia, the United States and Ukraine, and the 
United States and the other independent states of the former 
Soviet Union. 
SEC. 103. STATUTORY PROVISIONS THAT HAVE BEEN APPUCABLE TO 
22 USC 5801 
THE SOVIET UNION. 
note. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—^There are numerous statutory provisions that 
were enacted in the context of United States relations with a 
country, the Soviet Union, that are fundamentally different from 
the relations that now exist between the United States and Russia, 
between the United States and Ukraine, and between the United 
States and the other independent states of the former Soviet Union. 
(b) EXTENT OF SUCH PROVISIONS.—Many of the provisions 
referred to in subsection (a) imposed limitations specifically with 
respect to the Soviet Union, and its constituent republics, or utilized 
language that reflected the tension that existed between the United 
States and the Soviet Union at the time of their enactment. Other 
such provisions did not refer specifically to the Soviet Union, but 
nonemeless were directed (or may be construed as having been 
directed) against the Soviet Union on the basis of the relations 
107 STAT. 2320 
PUBLIC LAW 103-199—DEC. 17, 1993 
that formerly existed between the United States and the Soviet 
Union, particularly in its role as the leading communist country, 
(c) FINDINGS AND AFFIRMATION.—The Congress finds and 
affirms that provisions such as those described in this section, 
including— 
(1) section 216 of the State Department Basic Authorities 
Act of 1956 (22 U.S.C. 4316), 
(2) sections 136 and 804 of the Foreign Relations Authoriza-
tion Act, Fiscal Years 1986 and 1987 (Public Law 99-93), 
(3) section 1222 of the Foreign Relations Authorization 
Act, Fiscal Years 1988 and 1989 (Public Law 100-204; 101 
Stat. 1411), 
(4) the Multilateral Export Control Enhancement Amend-
ments Act (50 U.S.C. 2410 note, et seq.), 
(5) the joint resolution providing for the designation of 
"Captive Nations Week" (Public Law 86-90), 
(6) the Commimist Control Act of 1954 (Public Law 83-
637), 
(7) provisions in the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 
U.S.C. 1101 et seq.), including sections 101(aX40), 101(eX3), 
and313(aX3), 
(8) section 2 of the joint resolution entitled "A point resolu-
tion to promote peace and stability in the Middle East", 
approved March 9,1957 (Public Law 85-7), and 
(9) section 43 of the Bretton Woods Agreements Act (22 
U.S.C. 286aa), 
should not be construed as being directed against Russia, Ukraine, 
or the other independent states of the former Soviet Union, connot-
ing an adversarial relationship between the United States and 
the independent states, or signifying or implying in any manner 
unfidendliness toward the independent states. 
TITLE II—TRADE AND BUSINESS 
RELATIONS 
SEC. 201. POUCY UNDER EXPORT ADMINISTRATION ACT. 
(a) CONFORMING AMENDMENTS.—Section 2 of the Export 
Administration Act of 1979 (50 U.S.C. App. 2401) is amended— 
(1) by striking paragraph (11); and 
(2) by redesignating paragraphs (12) and (13) as paragraphs 
(11) and (12), respectively. 
50 use app. 
(b) PoucY REGARDING KAL.— 
2402 note. 
(1) The Con^ss finds that-
(A) I resident Yeltsin should be commended for meeting 
I>ersonally with representatives of the families of the vic-
tims of uie shootdown of Korean Airlines (KAL) Flight 
7; 
(B) President Yeltsin's Government has met on two 
separate occasions with United States Government and 
family members to answer questions associated with the 
shootdown and has arranged for the families to interview 
Russians involved in the incident or the search and rescue 
operations that followed; 
(C) President Yeltsin's Government has also cooperated 
folly with the International Civil Aviation Oi^anization 
(ICAO) to allow it to complete its investigation of the 
PUBLIC LAW 103-199—DEC. 17, 1993 
107 STAT. 2321 
incident and has provided numerous materials requested 
by the ICAO, including radar data and so-called 'Ijlack 
boxes", the digital flight data and cockpit voice recorders 
from the flight; 
(D) the Export Administration Act of 1979 continues 
to state that the United States should continue to object 
to exceptions to the International Control List for the Union 
of Soviet Sociahst Republics in light of the KAL tragedy, 
even though the "no exceptions" policy was rescinded by 
President Bush in 1990; 
(E) the Government of the United States is seeking 
compensation f
r
o
^
m the Russian Government on behalf of 
the families of the KAL victims, and the Congress expects 
the Administration to continue to pursue issues related 
to the shootdown, including that of compensation, with 
officials at the highest level of the Russian Government; 
and 
(F) in view of the cooperation provided by President 
Yeltsin and his government regardmg the KAL incident 
and these other developments, it is appropriate to remove 
such language from the Export Administration Act of 1979. 
(2) Section 3(15) of the Export Administration Act of 1979 
(50 U.S.C. App. 2402(15)) is repealed. 
SEC. a02. REPRESENTATION OF COUNTRIES OF EASTERN EUROPE AND Reports. 
THE INDEPENDENT STATES OF THE FORMER SOVIET 
UNION IN LEGAL COMMERCIAL TRANSACTIONS. 
Section 951(e) of title 18, United States Code, is amended 
by striking "the Soviet Union" and all that follows through "or 
Cuba" and inserting "Cuba or any other country that the President 
determines (and so reports to the Congress) poses a threat to 
the national security interest of the United States for purposes 
of this section". 
SEC. 203. PROCEDURES REGARDING TRANSFERS OF CERTAIN DEPART-
MENT OF DEFENSE-FUNDED ITEMS. 
(a) LIMITATION ON CERTAIN MILITARY TECHNOLOGY TRANS-
FERS.—(1) Section 223 of the National Defense Authorization Act 
for Fiscal Years 1988 and 1989 (10 U.S.C. 2431 note) is amended 
to read as follows: 
«SEC. 223. LIMITATION ON TRANSFER OF CERTAIN MILITARY TECH-
NOLOGY TO INDEPENDENT STATES OF THE FORMER 
SOVIET UNION. 
"Military technology developed with funds appropriated or President. 
otherwise made availame for the Ballistic Missile Defense Program 
may not be transferred (or made available for transfer) to Russia 
or any other independent state of the former Soviet Union by 
the United States (or with the consent of the United States) unless 
the President determines, and certifies to the Congress at least 
15 days prior to any such transfer, that such transfer is in the 
national mterest of the United States and is to be made for the 
purpose of maintaining peace.". 
(2) Section 6 of uiat Act is amended by amending the item 
in the table of contents relating to section 223 to read as follows: 
"Sec. 223. Liinitation on transfer of certain military technology to independent 
states of the former Soviet Union.". 
107 STAT. 2322 
PUBLIC LAW 103-199—DEC. 17, 1993 
(b) REPEAL OF OBSOLETE PROVISION.—Section 709 of 
the 
Department of Defense Appropriations Authorization Act, 1975 (50 
U.S.C. App. 2403-1) is repealed. 
SEC. 204. SOVIET SLAVE LABOR. 
(a) REPEAL.—Section 1906 of the Omnibus Trade and Competi-
tiveness Act of 1988 (19 U.S.C. 1307 note) is repealed. 
102 Stat. 1107. 
(b) CONFORMING AMENDMENT.—Section Kb) of that Act is 
amended by striking the item in the table of contents relating 
to section 1906. 
TITLE III—CULTURAL, EDUCATIONAL, 
AND OTHER EXCHANGE PROGRAMS 
SEC. 301. MUTUAL EDUCATIONAL AND CULTURAL EXCHANGE ACT OF 
1961. 
The Mutual Educational and Cultural Exchange Act of 1961 
is amended— 
(1) in section 112(aX8) (22 U.S.C. 2460(aX8)), by striking 
"Soviet Union" both places it occurs and inserting "independent 
states of the former Soviet Union"; and 
(2) in section 113 (22 U.S.C. 2461)— 
(A) by amending the section caption to read ''EX-
CHANGES BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES AND THE IN-
DEPENDENT STATES OF THE FORMER SOVIET UNION.—"; 
(B) by striking "an agreement with the Union of Soviet 
Socialist Republics" and inserting "agreements with the 
independent states of the former Soviet Union"; 
(C) by striking "made by the Soviet Union" and insert-
ing "made by the independent states"; 
(D) by striking "and the Soviet Union" and inserting 
"and the independent states"; and 
(E) by striking "by Soviet citizens in the United States" 
and inserting "in the United States by citizens of the 
independent states". 
SEC. 302. SOVIET.EASTERN EUROPEAN RESEARCH AND TRAINING. 
The Soviet-Eastern European Research and Training Act of 
1983 (22 U.S.C. 4501-4508) is amended— 
(1) by amending the title heading to read "TITLE Vni— 
RESEARCH AND TRAINING FOR EASTERN EUROPE 
AND THE INDEPENDENT STATES OF THE FORMER 
SOVIET UNION"; 
22 use 4501 
(2) in section 801, by striking "Soviet-Eastern European 
'^^^^ 
Research and Training and inserting "Research and Training 
for Eastern Europe and the Independent States of the Former 
Soviet Union"; 
22 use 4501. 
(3) in paragraphs (1), (2), and (3XE) of section 802, by 
striking "Soviet Union and Eastern Eviropean countries" and 
inserting "countries of Eastern Europe and the independent 
states of the former Soviet Union"; 
22 use 4502. 
(4) in section 803(2), by striking "Soviet-Eastern European 
Studies Advisory Committee" and inserting "Advisory Commit-
tee for Studies of Eastern Europe and the Independent States 
of the Former Soviet Union"; 
22 use 4503. 
(5) in section 804— 
PUBLIC LAW 103-199—DEC. 17, 1993 
107 STAT. 2323 
-' * 
(A) in the section heading by striking "THE SOVIET-
EASTERN EUROPEAN STUDIES"; 
(B) in subsection (a), by striking "Soviet-Eastern Euro-
pean Studies Advisory Committee" and inserting "Advisory 
Committee for Studies of Eastern Europe and the . 
Independent States of the Former Soviet Union"; and 
(C) in subsection (d), by striking "Soviet and Eastern 
European countries" and inserting "the countries of Eastern 
V 
Europe and the independent states of the former Soviet 
Union"; and 
(6) in section 805(b)— 
22 use 4504. 
(A) in paragraphs (2XA), (2XB), and (6), by striking 
"Soviet and Eastern European studies" and inserting 
"studies on the countries of Eastern Europe and the 
independent states of the former Soviet Union"; 
(B) in paragraphs (3XA) and (3XB), by striking "fields 
of Soviet and Eastern European studies and related 
studies" and inserting "independent states of the former 
Soviet Union and the coimtries of Eastern Eiurope and 
related fields"; 
(C) in parajgraph (3XA) by striking "the Soviet Union 
and Eastern European countries" and inserting "those 
states and countries"; 
(D) in paragraph (4)— 
(i) by striking *^nion of Soviet Socialist Republics" 
the first place it appears and inserting "independent 
states of the former Soviet Union", and 
(ii) by striking "the Union of Soviet Socialist 
Republics and Eastern European countries" and insert-
ing "those states and countries"; and 
(E) in paragraph (5>— 
(i) by striking everything in the first sentence fol-
loMdng "support" and inserting 'i;raining in the Ian- 
' 
guages of the independent states of the former Soviet 
^ 
Union and the countries of Eastern Europe."; and 
(ii) in the last sentence by inserting immediately 
before the pieriod "and, as appropriate, studies of other 
languages of the independent states of the former 
Soviet Union". 
SEC. 303. FASCELL FELLOWSHIP ACT. 
Section 1002 of the Fascell Fellowship Act (22 U.S.C. 4901) 
is amended in the section heading by striking "IN THE SOVIET 
UNION AND EASTERN EUROPE" and inserting "ABROAD". 
SEC. 304. BOARD FOR INTERNATIONAL BROADCASTING ACT. 
(a) BALTIC DIVISION.—Section 307 of the Board for International 
Broadcasting Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 1984 and 1985 (title 
III of Public Law 98-164; 97 Stat. 1037) is repealed. 
(b) JAMMING OF BROADCASTS.—Section 308 of that Act (97 
Stat. 1037) is amended— 
(1) by striking "(a) The" and all that follows through "(b) 
It" and inserting "It"; and 
(2) by strLKing "Government of the Soviet Union" and 
inserting "government of any country engaging in such activi-
ties". 
69-194 O - 94 - 13 : QL. 3 Part 3 
107 STAT. 2324 
PUBLIC LAW 103-199—DEC. 17, 1993 
SEC. 305. SCHOLARSHIP PROGRAMS FOR DEVELOPING COUNTRIES. 
Section 602 of the Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fisccd 
Years 1986 and 1987 (22 U.S.C. 4702) is amended by striking 
paragraphs (6) and (7) and by redesignating paragraphs (8), (9), 
and (10) as paragraphs (6), (7), and (8), respectively. 
SEC. 306. REPORT ON SOVIET PARTICIPANTS IN CERTAIN EXCHANGE 
PROGRAMS. 
Section 126 of the Department of State Authorization Act, 
22 use 2458 
Fiscal Years 1982 and 1983 (Public Law 102-138; 96 Stat. 282) 
"°^ 
is repealed. 
TITLE IV-.ARMS CONTROL 
SEC. 401. ARMS CONTROL AND DISARMAMENT ACT. 
(a) REPORTS ON STANDING CONSULTATIVE COMMISSION Acnvi-
TIES.^-Section 38 of the Arms Control and Disarmament Act (22 
U.S.C. 2578) is amended by striking ''United States-Union of Soviet 
Socialist Republics". 
(b) L
A
N
G
U
A
G
E SPECIAUSTS.—Section 51 of that Act (22 U.S.C. 
2591) is amended— 
(1) by amending the section heading to read "SPECIALISTS 
FLUENT IN RUSSIAN OR OTHER LANGUAGES OF THE INDEPENDENT 
STATES OF THE FORMER SOVIET UNION"; 
(2) by striking "Soviet foreign and militaiy policies" and 
inserting "the foreign and military policies of the independent 
states of the former Soviet Union"; and 
(3) by inserting "or another language of the independent 
states of the former Soviet Union" after "Russian Ictnguage". 
(c) COMPLIANCE WITH AGREEMENTS.—Section 52 of that Act 
(22 U.S.C. 2592) is amended— 
(1) in paragraph (1), by strikinp^ "the Soviet Union" both 
places it appears and inserting "Riissia"; 
(2) in paragraph (3), by striking "Soviet adherence" and 
inserting "Russian adherence" and by striking "the Soviet 
Union" and inserting "Russia"; and 
(3) in paragraph (5), by striking "the Soviet Union" and 
inserting "Russia". 
(d) ON-SITE INSPECTION AGENCY.—Section 61(4) of that Act 
(22 U.S.C. 2595(4)) is amended— 
(1) in subparagraph (A), by striking "the Soviet Union, 
Czechoslovakia, and the Grerman Democratic Republic" and 
inserting 
"Russia, 
Ukraine, 
Kazakhstan, 
Belarus, 
Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, the Czech Republic, and (jrerman3r"; 
(2) in subparagraph (B), by striking "Soviet"; 
(3) in subparagraph (C), by striking "the Soviet Union" 
and inserting "Russia"; and 
(4) in subparagraph (D), by striking "Soviet". 
SEC. 402. ARMS EXPORT CONTROL ACT. 
The Arms Export Control Act is amended— 
(1) in section 94(bX3XB) (22 U.S.C. 2799c(bX3XB)), by strik-
ing 'Warsaw Pact country" and inserting "country of the East-
em Group of States Parties"; and 
(2) in section 95(5) (22 U.S.C. 2799d(5))— 
(A) by striking "Warsaw Pact country" and inserting 
"country of the Eastern Group of States Parties"; and 
PUBLIC LAW 103-199—DEC. 17, 1993 
107 STAT. 2325 
(B) by inserting before the period at the end "or a 
successor state to such a country*. 
SEC. 403. ANNUAL REPORTS ON ARBiS CONTROL BIATTERS. 
(a) SOVIET COMPLIANCE WITH ARMS CONTROL COMMITMENTS.— 
(1) Section 1002 of the Department of Defense Authorization Act, 
1986 (22 U.S.C. 2592a) is repealed. 
(2) Section 1(b) of that Act is amended by striking the item 
in the table of contents relating to section 1002. 
(b) ARMS CONTROL STRATEGY.—(1) Section 906 of the National 
Defense Authorization Act, Fiscal Year 1989 (22 U.S.C. 2592b) 
(2) Section 3 of that Act is amended by striking the item 102 Stat. 1918. 
in the table of contents relating to section 906. 
^ 
(c) ANTIBALUSTIC MISSILE CAPABILITIES AND AcnvrriES OF THE 
SOVIET UNION.—(1) Section 907 of the National Defense Authoriza-
tion Act, Fiscal Year 1989 (102 Stat. 2034) is repealed. 
(2) Section 3 of that Act is amended by striking the item 
in the table of contents relating to section 907. 
SEC. 404. UNITED STATES/SOVIET DIRECT COMMUNICATION LINK 
(a) CHANGING REFERENCES.—The joint resolution entitled "Joint 
Resolution authorizing ithe Secretary of Defense to provide to the 
Soviet Union, on a reimbursable basis, equipment and services 
necessaiy for an improved United States/Soviet Direct Conmnmica-
tion Link for crisis control," approved August 8, 1985 (10 U.S.C. 
113 note) is amended— 
(1) in the first section— 
10 use 113 note. 
(A) by striking 'iA the Soviet Union" both places it 
appears and insertmg 'i» Russia"; and 
(B) by striking "Soviet Union part" and inserting "Rus-
sian part ; and 
(2) in section 2(b), by striking "the Soviet Union" and iOUSCll3note. 
inserting "Russia". 
(b) SAVINGS PROVISION.—The amendment made by subsection 10 use 113 note. 
(aX2) does not affect the applicabili^ of section 2(b) of that joint 
resolution to funds received nrom the Soviet Union. 
TITLE V—DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS 
SEC. 50L PERSONNEL LEVELS AND LIMITATIONS. 
(a) PERSONNEL CEILING ON UNITED STATES AND SOVIET MIS-
SIONS.—Section 602 of the Intelligence Authorization Act, Fiscal 
Year 1990 (Public Law 101-193; 103 Stat. 1710) is repealed. 
(b) REPORT ON PERSONNEL OF SOVIET STATE TRADING ENTER-
PRISES.—(1) Section 154 of the Foreign Relations Authorization 
Act, Fiscal Years 1988 and 1989 (Public Law 100-204; 101 Stat. 
1353) is repealed. 
(2) Section l(bj of that Act is amended by striking the item lOl Stat. 1331. 
in the table of contents pslating to section 154. 
(c) REPORT ON ADMISSION OF CERTAIN ALIENS.—Section 501 
of the Intelligence Authorization Act, Fiscal Year 1988 (22 U.S.C. 
254c-2) is repealed. 
(d) SOVIET MISSION AT THE UNITED NATIONS.—Section 702 of 
the Intelligence Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1987 (22 U.S.C. 
287 note) is repealed. 
107 STAT. 2326 
PUBLIC LAW 103-199—DEC. 17, 1993 
(e) DIPLOMATIC EQUIVALENCE AND RECIPROCITY.—(1) Section 
813 of the Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 1986 
and 1987 (Public Law 99-93; 99 Stat. 455) is repealed. 
99 Stat. 405. 
(2) Section 1(b) of that Act is amended by striking the item 
in the table of contents relating to section 813. 
SEC. 502. OTHER PROVISIONS RELATED TO OPERATION OF EMBASSIES 
ANDCONSULATEa 
(a) CONSTRUCTION OF DIPLOMATIC FACILITIES.—Section 132 of 
the Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 1992 and 
1993 (Public Law 102-138; 105 Stat. 662) is amended— 
(1) by repealing subsections (a) through (d) and subsections 
'• 
(h) through (i); and 
(2) in subsection (e)— 
(A) by striking "(e) E
X
T
R
A
O
R
D
I
N
A
R
Y SECURITY SAFE-
GUARDS.—"; 
(B) by striking "(1) In" and inserting "(a) EXTRAOR-
D
I
N
A
R
Y SECURITY SAFEGUARDS.—In" and by striking "(2) 
Such" and inserting "(b) SAFEGUARDS To BE INCLUDED.— 
Such"; 
(C) by setting subsections (a) and (b), as so redesig-
nated, on a full measure margin; and 
(D) in subsection (b), as so redesignated— 
(i) by striking "paragraph (1)" and inserting "sub-
section (a)"; and 
(ii) by redesignating subparagraphs (A) through 
(E) as paragraphs (1) throum (5), respectively, and 
* ' 
"
^ 
by setting such redesignated paragraphs on a 2-em 
indention. 
(b) POSSIBLE MOSCOW EMBASSY SECURITY BREACH.—<1) Section 
133 of the Foreim Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 1992 
and 1993 (Public Law 102-138; 105 Stat. 665) is repealed. 
105 Stat. 647. 
(2) Section 2 of that Act is amended by striking the item 
in the table of contents relating to section 133. 
(c) UNITED STATES-SOVIET RECIPROCITY IN MATTERS RELATING 
T
O EMBASSIES.^ 
1) Section 134 of the Foreign Relations Authoriza-
tion Act, Fiscal Years 1990 and 1991 (22 U.S.C. 4301 note) is 
repealed. 
1
0
4 Stat. 15. 
(2) Section Kb) of that Act is amended by striking the item 
in the table of contents relating to section 134. 
(d) REASSESSMENT OF SOVIET ELECTRONIC ESPIONAGE CAPABIL-
ITY FROM MOUNT ALTO EMBASSY SITE.—-(1) Section 1232 of the 
National Defense Authorization Act, Fiscal Year 1989 (Public Law 
100-^56; 102 Stat. 2056) is repealed. 
102 Stat. 1918. 
(2) Section 3 of that Act is amended by striking the item 
in the table of contents relating to section 1232. 
(e) DIPLOMATIC RECIPROCITY.—<1) Sections 151 through 153 
of the Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 1988 and 
22 use 4301 
1989 (Public Law 100-204; 101 Stat. 1351) are repealed. 
foi*st t 1331 
^^^ Section 1(b) of that Act is amended by striking the items 
in the table ofcontents relating to sections 151 through 153. 
(f) ELECTRONIC ESPIONAGE CAPABILITY FROM MOUNT ALTO 
EMBASSY SITE.—<1) Section 1122 of the National Defense Authoriza-
tion Act for Fiscal Years 1988 and 1989 (Public Law 100-180; 
101 Stat. 1149) is repealed. 
101 Stat. 1020. 
(2) Section 6 of that Act is amended by striking the item 
in the table of contents relating to section 1122. 
PUBLIC LAW 103-199—DEC. 17, 1993 
107 STAT. 2327 
(g) ASSESSMENT OF SOVIET ELECTRONIC ESPIONAGE CAPABIU-
TlES.—Section 901 of the Intelligence Authorization Act, Fiscal Year 
1988 (Public Law 100-178; 101 Stat. 1017) is repealed. 
(h) FOREIGN ESPIONAGE ACTIVITIES IN THE UNITED STATES.— 
Section 1364 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal 
Year 1987 (Public Law 99-661; 100 Stat. 4001) is amended by— 
(1) repealing subsections (a) and (c); and 
(2) striking ^(b) CONGRESSIONAL POLICY.—". 
SEC. 803. FOREIGN SERVICE BUILDINGS ACT. 
Section 4(j) of the Foreign Service Buildings Act, 1926 (22 
U.S.C.295(j)) is repealed. 
TITLE VI—OCEANS AND THE 
ENVIRONMENT 
SEC. 
601. 
ARCTIC 
RESEARCH 
AND 
POLICY 
ACT. 
Section 102(a) of the Arctic Research and Policy Act of 1984 
(15 U.S.C. 4101(a)) is amended— 
(1) in paragraph (2), by striking "as" and all that follows 
through the comma; and 
(2) in paragraph (10), by striking ", particularly the Soviet 
Union,". 
SEC. 602. FUR SEAL MANAGEMENT. 
The Act of Noveml>er 2, 1966, commonly known as the Fur 
Seal Act of 1966, is amended— 
(1) in section 101(h) (16 U.S.C. 1151(h)), by striking "the 
Union of Soviet Socialist Republics" and inserting "Russia 
(except that as used in subsection (b) of this section, 'pBTty 
and 'parties* refer to the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics) ; 
and 
(2) in section 102 (16 U.S.C. 1152), by striking "the Union 
of Soviet Socialist R(ipublics" and inserting "Russia . 
SEC. 603. GLOBAL CLIMATE PROTECTION. 
The Global Climate Protection Act of 1987 (title XI of the 
Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 1988 and 1989; 
15 U.S.C. 2901 note) is amended— 
(1) in section 1106— 
15 use 2901 
(A) by striking "UNITED STATES-SOVIET RELATIONS" ^°^-
in the section heading and inserting "UNITED STATES RELA-
TIONS WITH THE INDEPENDENT STATES OF THE FORMER 
SOVIET UNION"; 
(B) by striking "Soviet Union" and inserting "independ-
ent states of the former Soviet Union"; 
(C) by striking "their joint role as the world's two 
major" and inserting "the extent to which they are"; and 
(D) by striking "United States-Soviet relations" and 
inserting "United States relations with the independent 
states"; and 
(2) in section 1(b), in the item in the table of contents 
lOl Stat. 1331. 
relating to section 1106, by striking "United States-Soviet rela-
tions" and inserting "United States relations with the independ-
ent states of the former Soviet Union". 
107 STAT. 2328 
PUBLIC LAW 103-199—DEC. 17, 1993 
TITLE VII—REGIONAL AND GENERAL 
DIPLOMATIC ISSUES 
SEC. 701. UNITED NATIONS ASSESSMENTS. 
Section 717 of the International Security and Development 
Cooperation Act of 1981 (Public Law 97-113; 95 Stat. 1549) is 
amended— 
(1) in the section heading by striking "OF THE SOVIET 
UNION"; 
(2) in subsection (a)— 
(A) in paragraph (2), by inserting "and" after the semi-
colon; 
(B) in paragraph (3) by striking "; and" and inserting 
a period; and 
(C) by striking paragraph (4); and 
(3) in subsection (b), by striking "a diplomatic" and all 
that follows through "including its", and inserting "appropriate 
diplomatic initiatives to ensure that members of the United 
Nations make payments of all their outstanding financial 
obligations to the United Nations, including their". 
SEC. 702. SOVIET OCCUPATION OF AFGHANISTAN. 
(a) REPEAL.—Section 1241 of the Foreign Relations Authoriza-
tion Act, Fiscal Years 1988 and 1989 (Public Law 100-204; 101 
Stat. 1420) is repealed. 
101 Stat. 1331. 
(b) CONFORMING AMENDMENT.—Section 1(b) of that Act is 
amended by striking the item in the table of contents relating 
to section 1241. 
22 use 2293 
SEC. 703. ANGOLA. 
Section 405 of the International Security Assistance and Arms 
Export Control Act of 1976 (22 U.S.C. 2293 note) is repealed. 
SEC. 704. SELF DETERMINATION OF THE PEOPLE FROM THE BALTIC 
STATES. 
Paragraph (1) of section 1206 of the Foreign Relations 
Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 1988 and 1989 (PubUc Law 100-
204; 101 Stat. 1411) is amended by striking "from the Soviet Union". 
SEC. 705. OBSOLETE REFERENCES IN FOREIGN ASSISTANCE ACT. 
The Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 is amended— 
(1) in section 501 (22 U.S.C. 2301)— 
(A) in the second undesignated paragraph by striking 
"international communism and the coiuitries it controls 
and inserting "hostile countries"; 
(B) in the fourth undesignated paragraph, by striking 
"Commimist or Communist-supportea"; and 
(C) in the fifth undesignated paragraph, by striking 
everything following "victims or and inserting "aggression 
or in which the internal security is threatened by internal 
subversion inspired or supported by hostile coimtries."; 
(2) in section 614(aX4XC) (22 U.S.(5. 2364(aX4XC)), by strik-
ing "Communist or Commiuiist-supported"; and 
(3) in section 620(h) (22 U.S.(5. 2370(h)), by striking "the 
Communist-bloc countries" and inserting "any country that is 
a Communist country for purposes of subsection (f)". 
PUBLIC LAW 103-199—DEC. 17, 1993 
107 STAT. 2329 
SEC. 706. REVIEW OF UNITED STATES POLICY TOWARD THE SOVIET 
UNION. 
Section 24 of the International Security Assistance Act of 1978 
(22 U.S.C. 2151 note) is repealed. 
TITLE Vin—INTERNAL SECURITY; 
WORLDWIDE COMMUNIST CONSPIRACY 
SEC. 801. CIVIL DEFENSE. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Except as provided in paragraph (2), section 
501(bX2) of the Federal Civil Defense Act of 1950 (50 U.S.C. App. 
2301(b)) is amended by striking the first comma and all that follows 
through "stability,". 
(b) EXCEPTION.—^The amendment made by subsection (a) shall 
not apply if, before the date of enactment of this Act, title V 
of the Federal Civil Defense Act of 1950 has been repealed. 
SEC. 802. REPORT ON SOVIET PRESS MANIPULATION IN THE UNITED 
STATES. 
(a) REPEAL.—Section 147 of the Foreign Relations Authorization 
Act, Fiscal Years 1986 and 1987 (Public Law 99-93; 99 Stat. 426) 
is repealed. 
(b) CONFORMING AMENDMENT.—Section 1(b) of that Act is 
99Stat. 405. 
amended by striking the item in the table of contents relating 
to section 147. 
SEC. 803. SUBVERSIVE ACTIVmES CONTROL ACT. 
The Subversive Activities Control Act of 1950 (50 U.S.C. 781 
and following) is amended— 
(1) by repealing sections 1 through 3, 5, 6, and 9 through 
50 use 781 et 
16; and 
*
^
9 
(2) in section 4— 
50 USC 783. 
(A) by repealing subsections (a) and (f); 
(B) by redesignating subsections (b) through (e) as 
subsections (a) through (d), respectively; 
(C) in subsection (a), as so redesignated, by striking 
"or an officer" and all that follows through "section 3 of 
this title"; and 
(D) in subsection (b), as so redesignated, by striking 
", or any officer" and all that follows through "section 
3 of this title,". 
SEC. 804. REPORT ON SOVIET AND INTERNATIONAL COMMUNIST 
BEHAVIOR. 
(a) REPEAL.—Section 155 of the Foreign Relations Authorization 
Act, Fiscal Years 1986 and 1987 (Public Law 99-93) is repealed. 99 Stat. 429. 
(b) CONFORMING AMENDMENT.—Section 1(b) of that Act is 99Stat. 405. 
amended by striking the item in the table of contents relating 
to section 155. 
107 STAT. 2330 
PUBLIC LAW 103-199—DEC. 17, 1993 
TITLE IK-MISCELLANEOUS 
SEC. 901. BALUSnC MISSILE TESTS NEAR HAWAn. 
(a) REPEAL.—Section 1201 of the Foreign Relations Authoriza-
tion Act, Fiscal Years 1988 and 1989 (Public Law 100-204; 101 
Stat. 1409) is repealed. 
101 Stat. 1331. 
(b) CONFORMING AMENDMENT.—Section 1(b) of that Act is 
amended by striking the item in the table of contents relating 
to section 1201. 
SEC. 902. NONDELIVERY OF INTERNATIONAL MAIL. 
(a) REPEAL.—Section 1203 of the Foreign Relations Authoriza-
tion Act, Fiscal Years 1988 and 1989 (Public Law 100-204; 101 
Stat. 1411) is repealed. 
(b) CONFORMING AMENDMENT.—Section 1(b) of that Act is 
amended by striking the item in the table of contents relating 
to section 1203. 
SEC. 903. STATE-SPONSORED HARASSMENT OF RELIGIOUS GROUPS. 
(a) POLICY.—Section 1204 of the Foreign Relations Authoriza-
tion Act, Fiscal Years 1988 and 1989 (Public Law 100-204; 101 
Stat. 1411) is amended— 
(1) by amending the section heading to read "SEC. 1204. 
STATE SPONSORED HARASSMENT OF RELIGIOUS GROUPS."; 
(2) in paragraph (1)— 
(A) by striking "governments of the Union" and all 
that follows through "countries" and inserting "government 
of any country that engages in the harassment of religious 
groups", and 
(B) by striking "to the harassment of Christians and 
other religious believers" and inserting "to such activities"; 
(3) in para^aph (2), by striking "uie Union of Soviet 
Socialist Republics and Eastern European" and inserting "all" 
; and 
(4) by striking paragraph (3). 
(b) REPEAL.—(1) Section 1202 of that Act (Public Law 100-
204; 101 Stat. 1410) is repealed. 
(2) Section 1(b) of that Act is amended— 
(A) by striking the item in the table of contents relating 
to section 1202; and 
(B) by amending the item in the table of contents relating 
to section 1204 to read as follows: 
"Sec. 1204. State sponsored harassment of religious groups.". 
(c) REPEAL.—(1) Section 805 of the Foreign Relations Authoriza-
tion Act, Fiscal Years 1986 and 1987 (Pubhc Law 99-93; 99 Stat. 
450) is repealed. 
99 Stat. 405. 
(2) Section Kb) of that Act is amended by striking the item 
in the table of contents relating to section 805. 
SEC. 904. MURDER OF MAJOR ARTHUR NICHOLSON. 
(a) FOREIGN RELATIONS AUTHORIZATION ACT.—Section 148 of 
the Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 1986 and 
1987 (Public Law 99-93; 99 Stat. 427) is repealed. 
(b) CONFORMING AMENDMENT TO TABLE OF CONTENTS.—Section 
Kb) of that Act is amended by striking the item in the table 
of contents relating to section 148. 
PUBLIC LAW 103-199—DEC. 17, 1993 
107 STAT. 2331 
SEC. 906. MONUMENT TO HONOR VICTIMS OF COMMUNISM. 
40 USC 1003 
(a) FINDINGS.—Congress finds that— 
(1) since 1917, the rulers of empires and international 
communism led by Vladimir L Lenin and Mao Tse-tung have 
been responsible for the deaths of over 100,000,000 victims 
, 
in an imprecedented imperial communist holocaust through 
conquests, revolutions, civil wars, purges, wars by proicy, and 
other violent means; 
(2) the imperialist regimes of international communism 
have brutally suppressed the human rights, national independ-
ence, religious liberty, intellectual freedom, and cultured life 
of the peoples of over 40 captive nations; 
(3) there is a danger that the heroic sacrifices of the victims 
of communism may be forgotten as international communism 
and its imperial bases continue to collapse and cnmible; and 
(4) the sacrifices of these victims should be permanently 
memorialized so that never again will nations and peoples 
allow so evil a tyranny to terrorize the world. 
(b) AUTHORIZATION OF MEMORIAL.— 
(1) AUTHORIZATION.— 
(A) The National Captive Nations Committee, Inc., 
is authorized to construct, maintain, and operate in the 
District of Columbia an appropriate international memorial 
to honor victims of commimism. 
(B) The National Captive Nations Committee, Inc., 
is encouraged to create an independent entity for the pur-
poses of constructing, maintaining, and operating the 
memorial. 
(C) Once created, this entity is encouraged and author-
ized, to the maximum extent practicable, to include as 
active participants organizations representing all groups 
that have suffered under commimism. 
(2) 
COMPLIANCE WITH STANDARDS FOR COMMEMORATIVE 
WORKS.—^The design, location, inscription, and construction of 
the memorial authorized by paragraph (1) shall be subject 
to the requirements of the Act entitled "An Act to provide 
standards for placement of commemorative works on certain 
Federal lands in the District of Columbia and its environs, 
and for other purposes", approved November 14,1986 (40 U.S.C. 
lOOletseq.). 
(c) PAYMENT OF EXI»ENSES.—The entity referred to in subsection 
(bXD shall be solely responsible for acceptance of contributions 
for, and payment of the expenses of, the establishment of the 
memorial. No Federal funds may be used to pay any expense 
of the establishment of the memorial. 
(d) DEPOSIT OF EXCESS FUNDS.—If, upon payment of all 
expenses of the establishment of the memorial, including the 
maintenance and preservation amount provided for in section 8(b) 
of the Act entitled "An Act to provide standards for placement 
of commemorative works on certain Federal lands in the District 
of Columbia and its environs, and for other purposes", approved 
November 14, 1986 (40 U.S.C. 1008(b)), or upon expiration of the 
authority for the memorial under section l(Xb) of^ such Act (40 
U.S.C. 4010(b)), there remains a balance of fiinds received for 
the establishment of the memorial, the entity referred to in sub-
section (bXl) shall transmit the amount of the balance to the 
107 STAT. 2332 
PUBLIC LAW 103-199—DEC. 17, 1993 
Secretary of the Treasury for deposit in the account provided for 
in section 8(bXl) of such Act (40 U.S.C. 1008(bXl)). 
Approved December 17, 1993. 
LEGISLATIVE HISTORY—H.R. 3000 (S. 1672): 
HOUSE REPORTS: No. 103-297, Pt. 1 (Comm. on Foreign Affairs). 
CONGRESSIONAL RECORD, Vol. 139 (1993): 
Nov. 15, considered and passed House. 
Nov. 22, considered and passed Senate, amended, in lieu of S. 1672. House 
concurred in Senate amendment.