National Appliance Energy Conservation Act of 1987
PL 100-12 (S.83), enacted 03/17/1987

PUBLIC LAW 100-12—MAR. 17, 1987 
101 STAT. 103 
Public Law 100-12 
100th Congress 
An Act 
To amepd the Energy Policy and Conservation Act with respect to energy conserva-
tion standards for appliances. 
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled, 
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 
This Act may be referred to as the "National Appliance Energy 
Conservation Act of 1987". 
SEC. 2. DEFINITIONS. 
(a) ENERGY CONSERVATION STANDARD.—Section 321(a)(6) of 
the 
Energy Policy and Conservation Act (42 U.S.C. 6291(a)(6)) is 
amended to read as follows: 
"(6) The term 'energy conservation standard' means— 
"(A) a performance standard which prescribes a mini-
mum level of energy efficiency or a maximum quantity of 
energy use for a covered product, determined in accordance 
with test procedures prescribed under section 323; or 
"(B) a design requirement for the products specified in 
paragraphs (6), (7), (8), (10), and (13) of section 322(a); and 
includes any other requirements which the Secretary may pre-
scribe under section 325(o)." 
(b) NEW DEFINITIONS.—Section 321(a) of the Energy Policy and 
Conservation Act (42 U.S.C. 6291(a)) is amended by adding at the end 
the following paragraphs: 
"(19) The term 'AV is the adjusted volume for refrigerators, 
refrigerator-freezers, and freezers, as defined in the applicable 
test procedure prescribed under section 323. 
"(20) The term 'annual fuel utilization efficiency' means the 
efficiency descriptor for furnaces and boilers, determined using 
test procedures prescribed under section 323 and based on the 
assumption that all— 
"(A) weatherized warm air furnaces or boilers are located 
•ifc > 
out-of-doors; 
"(B) warm air furnaces which are not weatherized are 
- 
located indoors and all combustion and ventilation air is 
admitted through grills or ducts from the outdoors and does 
not communicate with air in the conditioned space; and 
"(C) boilers which are not weatherized are located within 
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^ 
the heated space. 
"(21) The term 'central air conditioner' means a product, 
other than a packaged terminal air conditioner, which— 
"(A) is powered by single phase electric current; 
:, 
"(B) is air-cooled; 
"(C) is rated below 65,000 Btu per hour; 
»- 
"(D) is not contained within the same cabinet as a fur-
nace the rated capacity of which is above 225,000 Btu per 
hour; and 
Mar. 17, 1987 
[S. 83] 
National 
Appliance 
Energy 
Conservation 
Act of 1987. 
42 u s e 6201 
note. 
Post, p. 105. 
Post, p. 105. 
Post, p. 107. 
101 STAT. 104 
PUBLIC LAW 100-12—MAR. 17, 1987 
Post, p. 105. 
m. 
"(E) is a heat pump or a cooling only unit. 
"(22) The term 'efficiency descriptor' means the ratio of the 
useful output to the total energy input, determined using the 
test procedures prescribed under section 323 and expressed for 
the following products in the following terms: 
"(A) For furnaces and direct heating equipment, annual 
fuel utilization efficiency. 
"(B) For room air conditioners, energy efficiency ratio. 
"(C) For central air conditioning and central air condi-
tioning heat pumps, seasonal energy efficiency ratio. ..;. j., 
"(D) For water heaters, energy factor. 
' 
"(E) For pool heaters, thermal efficiency. 
"(23) The term 'furnace' means a product which utilizes only 
single-phase electric current, or single-phase electric current or 
DC current in conjunction with natural gas, propane, or home 
heating oil, and which— 
"(A) is designed to be the principal heating source for the 
living space of a residence; 
"(B) is not contained within the same cabinet with a 
central air conditioner whose rated cooling capacity is 
above 65,000 Btu per hour; 
"(C) is an electric central furnace, electric boiler, forced-
^. 
air central furnace, gravity central furnace, or low pressure 
r 
steam or hot water boiler; and 
"(D) has a heat input rate of less than 300,000 Btu per 
hour for electric boilers and low pressure steam or hot 
water boilers and less than 225,000 Btu per hour for forced-
air central furnaces, gravity central furnaces, and electric 
central furnaces. 
"(24) The terms 'heat pump' or 'reverse cycle' mean a product, 
other than a packaged terminal heat pump, which— 
"(A) consists of one or more assemblies; 
"(B) is powered by single phase electric current; 
"(C) is rated below 65,000 Btu per hour; 
iv 
"(D) utilizes an indoor conditioning coil, compressors, and 
refrigerant-to-outdoor-air heat exchanger to provide air 
B
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^ 
heating; and 
"(E) may also provide air cooling, dehumidifying, humidi-
fying circulating, and air cleaning. 
"(25) The term 'pool heater' means an appliance designed for 
heating nonpotable water contained at atmospheric pressure, 
including heating water in swimming pools, spas, hot tubs and 
similar applications. 
"(26) The term 'thermal efficiency of pool heaters' means a 
measure of the heat in the water delivered at the heater outlet 
divided by the heat input of the pool heater as measured under 
test conditions specified in section 2.8.1 of the American Na-
tional Standard for Gas Fired Pool Heaters, Z21.56-1986, or as 
may be prescribed by the Secretary. 
"(27) "The term 'water heater' means a product which utilizes 
oil, gas, or electricity to heat potable water for use outside the 
heater upon demand, including— 
"(A) storage type units which heat and store water at a 
thermostatically controlled temperature, including gas stor-
age water heaters with an input of 75,000 Btu per hour or 
less, oil storage water heaters with an input of 105,000 Btu 
PUBLIC LAW 100-12—MAR. 17, 1987 
101 STAT. 105 
per hour or less, and electric storage water heaters with an 
input of 12 kilowatts or less; 
"(B) instantaneous type units which heat water but con-
tain no more than one gallon of water per 4,000 Btu per 
hour of input, including gas instantaneous water heaters 
with an input of 200,000 Btu per hour or less, oil instanta-
neous water heaters with an input of 210,000 Btu per hour 
•".J, 
or less, and electric instantaneous water heaters with an 
.fi 
input of 12 kilowatts or less; and 
"(C) heat pump type units, with a maximum current 
rating of 24 amperes at a voltage no greater than 250 volts, 
k 
which are products designed to transfer thermal energy 
.ib * 
from one temperature level to a higher temperature level 
for the purpose of heating water, including all ancillary 
/Kri: ^T;. 
Ein.it 
equipment such as fans, storage tanks, pumps, or controls 
necessary for the device to perform its function. 
» 
"(28) The term 'weatherized warm air furnace or boiler' 
,., . -
means a furnace or boiler designed for installation outdoors, 
. " • . " " 
approved for resistance to wind, rain, and snow, and supplied 
IH^U in'^r.. 
with its own venting system." 
SEC. 3. COVERAGE. 
Section 322(a) of the Energy Policy and Conservation Act (42 
U.S.C. 6292(a)) is amended to read as follows: 
K. 
"COVERAGE 
"SEC. 322. (a) IN GENERAL.—The following consumer products, 
excluding those consumer products designed solely for use in 
recreational vehicles and other mobile equipment, are covered 
products: 
"(1) Refrigerators, refrigerator-freezers, and freezers which 
• 
can be operated by alternating current electricity, excluding— 
, 
"(A) any type designed to be used without doors; and 
"(B) any type which does not include a compressor and 
condenser unit as an integral part of the cabinet assembly. 
"(2) Room air conditioners. 
"(3) Central air conditioners and central air conditioning heat 
pumps. 
"(4) Water heaters. 
"(5) Furnaces. 
"(6) Dishwashers. 
^ 
"(7) Clothes washers. 
"(8) Clothes dryers. 
.f, (; "(9) Direct heating equipment. 
"(10) Kitchen ranges and ovens. 
ni f-i 
"(11) Pool heaters. 
"(12) Television sets. 
"(13) Any other type of consumer product which the Secretary 
classifies as a covered product under subsection 0))." 
SEC. 4. TEST PROCEDURES. 
Section 323 of the Energy Policy and Conservation Act (42 U.S.C. 
6293) is amended to read as follows: 
101 STAT. 106 
PUBLIC LAW 100-12—MAR. 17, 1987 
42 u s e 6292. 
Federal 
Register, 
publication. 
Effective date. 
TEST PROCEDURES 
"SEC. 323. (a) GENERAL RULE.—All test procedures and related 
determinations prescribed or made by the Secretary with respect to 
any covered product (or class thereof) which are in effect on the date 
of enactment of the National Appliance Energy Conservation Act of 
1987 shall remain in effect until the Secretary amends such test 
procedures and related determinations under subsection Q3). 
"(b) AMENDED AND NEW PROCEDURES.—(1)(A) The Secretary may 
amend test procedures with respect to any covered product if the 
Secretary determines that amended test procedures would more 
accurately or fully comply with the requirements of paragraph (3). 
"(B) The Secretary may, in accordance with the requirements of 
this subsection, prescribe test procedures for any consumer product 
classified as a covered product under section 322(b). 
"(C) The Secretary shall direct the National Bureau of Standards 
to assist in developing new or amended test procedures. 
"(2) If the Secretary determines, on his own behalf or in response 
to a petition by any interested person, that a test procedure should 
be prescribed or amended, the Secretary shall promptly publish in 
the Federal Register proposed test procedures and afford interested 
persons an opportunity to present oral and written data, views, and 
arguments with respect to such procedures. The comment period 
shall not be less than 60 days and may be extended for good cause 
shown to not more than 270 days. In prescribing or amending a test 
procedure, the Secretary shall take into account such information as 
the Secretary determines relevant to such procedure, including 
technological developments relating to energy use or energy effi-
ciency of the t5rpe (or class) of covered products involved. 
"(3) Any test procedures prescribed or amended under this section 
shall be reasonably designed to produce test results which measure 
energy efficiency, energy use, or estimated annual operating cost of 
a covered product during a representative average use cycle or 
period of use, as determined by the Secretary, and shall not be 
unduly burdensome to conduct. 
"(4) If the test procedure is a procedure for determining estimated 
annual operating costs, such procedure shall provide that such costs 
shall be calculated from measurements of energy use in a represent-
ative average use cycle or period of use, as determined by the 
Secretary, and from representative average unit costs of the energy 
needed to operate such product during such cycle. The Secretary 
shall provide information to manufacturers with respect to rep-
resentative average unit costs of energy. 
"(c) RESTRICTION ON CERTAIN REPRESENTATIONS.—(1) No manufac-
turer, distributor, retailer, or private labeler may make any 
representation— 
"(A) in writing (including a representation on a label); or 
"(B) in any broadcast advertisement, 
with respect to the energy use or efficiency of a covered product to 
which a test procedure is applicable under subsection (a) or the cost 
of energy consumed by such product,, unless such product has been 
tested in accordance with such test procedure and such representa-
tion fairly discloses the results of such testing. 
"(2) Effective 180 days after an amended or new test procedure 
applicable to a covered product is prescribed under subsection (b), no 
m£uiufacturer, distributor, retailer, or private labeler may make any 
representation— 
PUBLIC LAW 100-12—MAR. 17, 1987 
101 STAT. 107 
Federal 
Register, 
publication. 
"(A) in writing (including a representation on a label); or 
"(B) in any broadcast advertisement, 
with respect to energy use or efficiency of such product or cost of 
energy consumed by such product, unless such product has been 
tested in accordance with such amended or new test procedures and 
such representation fairly discloses the results of such testing. 
"(3) On the petition of any manufacturer, distributor, retailer, or 
private labeler, filed not later than the 60th day before the expira-
tion of the period involved, the 180-day period referred to in para-
graph (2) may be extended by the Secretary with respect to the 
petitioner (but in no event for more than an additional 180 days) if 
the Secretary determines that the requirements of paragraph (2) 
would impose an undue hardship on such petitioner, 
"(d) CASE IN WHICH TEST PROCEDURE IS NOT REQUIRED.—(1) 
The 
Secretary is not required to publish and prescribe test procedures 
for a covered product (or class thereof) if the Secretary determines, 
by rule, that test procedures cannot be developed which meet the 
requirements of subsection 0))(3) and publishes such determination 
in the Federal Register, together with the reasons therefor. 
"(2) For purposes of section 327, a determination under paragraph Post, p. 117. 
(1) with respect to any covered product or class shall have the same 
effect as would a standard prescribed for a covered product (or class). 
"(e) AMENDMENT OF STANDARD.—(1) In the case of any amended 
test procedure which is prescribed pursuant to this section, the 
Secretary shall determine, in the rulemaking carried out with 
respect to prescribing such procedure, to what extent, if any, the 
proposed test procedure would alter the measured energy efficiency 
or measured energy use of any covered product as determined under 
the existing test procedure. 
" 
"(2) If the Secretary determines that the amended test procedure 
will alter the measured efficiency or measured use, the Secretary 
shall amend the applicable energy conservation standard during the 
rulemaking carried out with respect to such test procedure. In 
determining the amended energy conservation standard, the Sec-
retary shall measure, pursuant to the amended test procedure, the 
energy efficiency or energy use of a representative sample of cov-
ered products that minimally comply with the existing standard. 
The average of such energy efficiency or energy use levels deter-
mined under the amended test procedure shall constitute the 
amended energy conservation standard for the applicable covered 
products. 
"(3) Models of covered products in use before the date on which 
the amended energy conservation standard becomes effective (or 
revisions of such models that come into use after such date and have 
the same energy efficiency or energy use characteristics) that 
comply with the energy conservation standard applicable to such 
covered products on the day before such date shall be deemed to 
comply with the amended energy conservation standard. 
"(4) The Secretary's authority to amend energy conservation 
standards under this subsection shall not affect the Secretary's 
obligation to issue final rules as described in section 325." 
infra. 
SEC. 5. ENERGY CONSERVATION STANDARDS. 
Section 325 of the Energy Policy and Conservation Act (42 U.S.C. 
6295) is amended to read as follows: 
101 STAT. 108 
PUBLIC LAW 100-12—MAR. 17, 1987 
n.f 
Regulations. 
Effective date. 
State and local 
governments. 
ENERGY CONSERVATION STANDARDS 
"SEC. 325. (a) PURPOSES.—The purposes of this section are to— 
"(1) provide Federal energy conservation standards applicable 
to covered products; and 
"(2) authorize the Secretary to prescribe amended or new 
energy conservation standards for each type (or class) of covered 
product. 
"(b) STANDARDS FOR REFRIGERATORS, REFRIGERATOR-FREEZERS, AND 
FREEZERS.—(1) The following is the maximum energy use allowed in 
kilowatt hours per year for the following products (other than those 
described in paragraph (2)) manufactured on or after January 1, 
1990: 
Energy Standards 
Equations 
"Refrigerators and Refrigerator-Freezers with manual defrost 
16.3 AV + 316 
Refrigerator-Freezers—partial automatic defrost 
21.8 AV-1-429 
Refrigerator-Freezers—automatic defrost with: 
Top mounted freezer without ice 
23.5 AV-H471 
Side mounted freezer without ice 
27.7 AV-1-488 
Bottom mounted freezer without ice 
27.7 AV 4-488 
Top mounted freezer with through the door ice service 
26.4 AV-1-535 
Side mounted freezer with through the door ice 
30.9 AV-1-547 
Upright Freezers with: 
Manual defrost 
10.9 AV-1-422 
Automatic defrost 
16.0 AV-1-623 
Chest Freezers and all other freezers 
14.8 AV-1-223 
"(2) The standards described in paragraph (1) do not apply to 
refrigerators 
and refrigerator-freezers 
with total 
refrigerated 
volume exceeding 39 cubic feet or freezers with total refrigerated 
volume exceeding 30 cubic feet. 
"(3)(A)(i) The Secretary shall publish a proposed rule, no later 
than July 1, 1988, to determine if the standards established by 
paragraph (1) should be amended. The Secretary shall publish a 
final rule no later than July 1, 1989, which shall contain such 
amendment, if any, and provide that the amendment shall apply to 
products manufactured on or after January 1, 1993. If such a final 
rule is not published before January 1, 1990, any amendment of 
such standards shall apply to products manufactured on or after 
January 1, 1995. Nothing in this subsection provides any justifica-
tion or defense for a failure by the Secretary to comply with the 
nondiscretionary duty to publish final rules by the dates stated in 
this paragraph. 
"(ii)(I) If the Secretary does not publish a final rule before Janu-
ary 1, 1990, relating to the revision of the energy conservation 
standards for refrigerators, refrigerator-freezers and freezers, the 
regulations which established standards for such products and were 
promulgated by the California Energy Commission on December 14, 
1984, to be effective January 1, 1992 (or any amendments to such 
standards that are not more stringent than the standards in the 
original regulations), shall apply in California to such products, 
effective beginning January 1, 1993, and shall not be preempted 
after such effective date by any energy conservation standard estab-
lished in this section or prescribed, on or after January 1, 1990, 
under this section. 
"(II) If the Secretary does not publish a final rule before 
January 1, 1992, relating to the revision of the energy conservation 
standards for refrigerators, refrigerator-freezers and freezers. State 
regulations which apply to such products manufactured on or after 
PUBLIC LAW 100-12—MAR. 17, 1987 
101 STAT. 109 
January 1, 1995, shall apply to such products until the effective date 
of a rule issued under this section with respect to such products. 
"(B) After the publication of a final rule under subparagraph (A), Regulations. 
the Secretary shall publish a final rule no later than five years after 
the date of publication of the previous final rule. The Secretary shall 
determine in such rule whether to amend the standards in effect for 
the products described in paragraph (1). 
"(C) Any amendment prescribed under subparagraph (B) shall 
apply to products manufactured after a date which is five years 
after— 
"(i) the effective date of the previous amendment; or 
, iv. 
-:? 
"(ii) if the previous final rule did not amend the standards, 
the earliest date by which the previous amendment could have 
been effective; 
except that in no case may any amended standard apply to products 
manufactured within three years after publication of the final rule 
establishing such amended standard. 
"(c) STANDARDS FOR ROOM AIR CONDITIONERS.—(1) The energy 
efficiency ratio of room air conditioners shall be not less than the 
following for products manufactured on or after January 1, 1990: 
"Product Class: 
Ratio 
;. •: 
umB 
Without Reverse Cycle and With Louvered Sides: 
Less than 6,000 Btu 
8.0 
6,000 to 7,999 Btu 
8.5 
8,000 to 13,999 Btu 
9.0 
14,000 to 19,999 Btu 
8.8 
20,000 and more Btu 
8.2 
Without Reverse Cycle and Without Louvered Sides: 
Less than 6,000 Btu 
8.0 
6,000 to 7,999 Btu 
8.5 
8,000 to 13,999 Btu 
8.5 
14,000 to 19,999 Btu 
8.5 
20,000 and more Btu 
8.2 
, 
With Reverse Cycle and With Louvered Sides 
8.5 
With Reverse Cycle, Without Louvered Sides 
8.0 
"(2XA) The Secretary shall publish a final rule no later than Regulations. 
January 1, 1992, to determine if the standards established under 
paragraph (1) should be amended. Such rule shall contain such 
amendment, if any, and provide that the amendment shall apply to 
products manufactured on or after January 1,1995. 
"(B) After January 1,1992, the Secretary shall publish a final rule Regulations. 
no later than five years after the date of publication of a previous 
final rule. The Secretary shall determine in such rule whether to 
amend the standards in effect for room air conditioners. 
"(C) Any amendment prescribed under subparagraph (B) shall 
apply to products manufactured after a date which is five years 
after— 
"(i) the effective date of the previous amendment; or 
"(ii) if the previous final rule did not amend the standards, 
the earliest date by which a previous amendment could have 
been effective; 
except that in no case may any amended standard apply to products 
manufactured within three years after publication of the final rule 
establishing such amended standard. 
"(d) 
STANDARDS FOR CENTRAL AIR CONDITIONERS AND HEAT 
PUMPS.—(1) The seasonal energy efficiency ratio of central air condi-
tioners and central air conditioning heat pumps shall be not less 
than the following: 
101 STAT. 110 
PUBLIC LAW 100-12—MAR. 17, 1987 
"(A) Split Systems: 10.0 for products manufactured on or after 
January 1,1992. 
' ;
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"(B) Single Package Systems: 9.7 for products manufactured 
on or after January 1,1993. 
"(2) The heating seasonal performance factor of central air condi-
tioning heat pumps shall be not less than the following: 
"(A) Split Systems: 6.8 for products manufactured on or after 
ii January 1,1992. 
"(B) Single Package Systems: 6.6 for products manufactured 
on or after January 1, 1993. 
Regulations. 
"(3XA) The Secretary shall publish a final rule no later than 
January 1, 1994, to determine whether the standards established 
under paragraph (1) should be amended. Such rule shall contain 
such amendment, if any, and provide that the amendment shall 
apply to products msmufactured on or after January 1, 1999. The 
Secretary shall publish a final rule no later than January 1,1994, to 
determine whether the standards established under paragraph (2) 
shall be amended. Such rule shall contain such amendment, if any, 
and provide that the amendment shall apply to products manufac-
tured on or after January 1, 2002. 
Regulations. 
"(B) The Secretary shall publish a final rule after January 1,1994, 
and no later than January 1, 2001, to determine whether the 
standards in effect for central air conditioners and central air 
conditioning heat pumps should be amended. Such rule shall pro-
vide that any amendment shall apply to products manufactured on 
or after January 1, 2006. 
"(e) STANDARDS FOR WATER HEATERS; POOL HEATERS; DIRECT HEAT-
ING EQUIPMENT.—(1) The energy factor of water heaters shall be not 
less than the following for products manufactured on or after 
January 1,1990: 
.62-(.0019 X Rated Storage Volume in 
gallons) 
.69-(.0019 X Rated Storage Volume in 
gallons) 
.95-(.00132 X Rated Storage in gallons) 
"(A) Gas Water Heater: 
"(B) OU Water Heater: 
"(C) Electric Water Heater: 
"(2) The thermal efficiency of pool heaters manufactured on or 
after January 1,1990, shall not be less than 78 percent. 
"(3) The efficiencies of gas direct heating equipment manufac-
tured on or after January 1, 1990, shall be not less than the 
following: 
" W a l l 
- 
• --^ 
"• 
Fan type 
Up to 42,000 Btu/hour 
73% AFUE 
Over 42,000 Btu/hour 
74% AFUE 
Gravity type 
Up to 10,000 Btu/hour 
59% AFUE 
Over 10,000 Btu/hour up to 12,000 Btu/hour 
60% AFUE 
Over 12,000 Btu/hour up to 15,000 Btu/hour 
61% AFUE 
Over 15,000 Btu/hour up to 19,000 Btu/hour 
62% AFUE 
Over 19,000 Btu/hour up to 27,000 Btu/hour 
63% AFUE 
Over 27,000 Btu/hour up to 46,000 Btu/hour 
64% AFUE 
Over 46,000 Btu/hour 
65% AFUE 
"Floor 
Up to 37,000 Btu/hour 
56% AFUE 
Over 37,000 Btu/hour 
57% AFUE 
PUBLIC LAW 100-12—MAR. 17, 1987 
101 STAT. Ill 
"Room 
Up to 18,000 Btu/hour 
57% AFUE 
Over 18,000 Btu/hour up to 20,000 Btu/hour 
58% AFUE 
Over 20,000 Btu/hour up to 27,000 Btu/hour 
63% AFUE 
Over 27,000 Btu/hour up to 46,000 Btu/hour 
64% AFUE 
Over 46,000 Btu/hour 
65% AFUE 
"(4)(A) The Secretary shall publish final rules no later than Regulations. 
January 1, 1992, to determine whether the standards established by 
paragraphs (1), (2), or (3) for water heaters, pool heaters, and direct 
heating equipment should be amended. Such rule shall provide that 
any amendment shall apply to products manufactured on or after 
January 1, 1995. 
"(B) The Secretary shall publish a final rule no later than Janu- Regulations. 
ary 1, 2000, to determine whether standards in effect for such 
products should be amended. Such rule shall provide that any such 
amendment shall apply to products manufactured on or after Janu-
ary 1, 2005. 
"(f) STANDARDS FOR FURNACES.—(1) Furnaces (other than furnaces Mobile homes. 
designed solely for installation in mobile homes) manufactured on or 
after January 1, 1992, shall have an annual fuel utilization effi-
ciency of not less than 78 percent, except that— 
"(A) boilers (other than gas steam boilers) shall have an 
annual fuel utilization efficiency of not less than 80 percent and 
gas steam boilers shall have an annual fuel utilization efficiency 
of not less than 75 percent; and 
"(B) the Secretary shall prescribe a final rule not later Regulations, 
than January 1, 1989, establishing an energy conservation 
standard— 
"(i) which is for furnaces (other than furnaces designed 
oolely for installation in mobile homes) having an input of 
less than 45,000 Btu per hour and manufactured on or after 
January 1, 1992; 
"(ii) which provides that the annual fuel utilization effi- 
-; 
ciency of such furnaces shall be a specific percent which is 
not less than 71 percent and not more than 78 percent; and 
"(iii) which the Secretary determines is not likely to 
result in a significant shift from gas heating to electric 
resistance heating with respect to either 
residential 
construction or furnace replacement. 
"(2) Furnaces which are designed solely for installation in mobile 
homes and which are manufactured on or after September 1, 1990, 
shall have an annual fuel utilization efficiency of not less than 75 
percent. 
"(3)(A) The Secretary shall publish a final rule no later than Regulations. 
January 1, 1992, to determine whether the standards established by 
paragraph (2) for mobile home furnaces should be amended. Such 
rule shall provide that any amendment shall apply to products 
manufactured on or after January 1,1994. 
"(B) The Secretary shall publish a final rule no later than Janu-
ary 1, 1994, to determine whether the standards established by this 
subsection for furnaces (including mobile home furnaces) should be 
amended. Such rule shall provide that any amendment shall apply 
to products manufactured on or after January 1, 2002. 
"(C) After January 1, 1997, and before January 1, 2007, the 
Secretary shall publish a final rule to determine whether standards 
in effect for such products should be amended. Such rule shall 
contain such amendment, if any, and provide that any amendment 
shall apply to products manufactured on or after January 1, 2012. 
101 STAT. 112 
PUBLIC LAW 100-12—MAR. 17, 1987 
"(g) STANDARDS FOR DISHWASHERS; CLOTHES WASHERS; CLOTHES 
DRYERS.—(1) Dishwashers manufactured on or after January 1, 
1988, shall be equipped with an option to dry without heat. 
"(2) All rinse cycles of clothes washers shall include an unheated 
water option, but may have a heated water rinse option, for products 
manufactured on or after January 1, 1988. 
' " 
"' 
"(3) Gas clothes dryers shall not be equipped with a constant 
burning pilot for products manufactured on or after January 1, 
1988. 
Regulations. 
"(4)(A) The Secretary shall publish final rules no later than 
January 1, 1990, to determine if the standards established under 
this subsection for products described in paragraphs (1), (2), and (3) 
'* '* 
should be amended. Such rules shall provide that any amendment 
shall apply to products the manufacture of 
.which is completed on or 
after January 1,1993. 
"(B) After January 1, 1990, the Secretary shall publish a final rule 
no later than five years after the date of publication of the previous 
i 
a ; 
final rule. The Secretary shall determine in such rule whether to 
amend the standards in effect for such products. 
"(C) Any such amendment shall apply to products manufactured 
after a date which is five years after— 
"(i) the effective date of the previous amendment; or 
"(ii) if the previous final rule did not amend the standard, the 
earliest date by which a previous amendment could have been 
in effect; 
"' 
' ' 
except that in no case may any amended standard apply to products 
manufactured within three years after publication of the final rule 
establishing such standard. 
"(h) 
STANDARDS FOR KITCHEN RANGES AND OVENS.—(1) 
Gas 
kitchen ranges and ovens having an electrical supply cord shall not 
be equipped with a constant burning pilot for products manufac-
tured on or after January 1,1990. 
Regulations. 
"(2)(A) The Secretary shall publish a final rule no later than 
January 1, 1992, to determine if the standards established for 
kitchen ranges and ovens in this subsection should be amended. 
Such rule shall contain such amendment, if any, and provide that 
the amendment shall apply to products manufactured on or after 
January 1,1995. 
"(B) The Secretary shall publish a final rule no later than Janu-
ary 1, 1997, to determine whether standards in effect for such 
products should be amended. Such rule shall apply to products 
manufactured on or after January 1, 2000. 
"(i) STANDARDS FOR OTHER COVERED PRODUCTS.—(1) The Secretary 
' ' 
may prescribe an energy conservation standard for any type (or 
class) of covered products of a type specified in paragraph (13) of 
Ante, p. 105. 
section 322(a) if the requirements of subsections (1) and (m) are met 
and the Secretary determines that— 
"(A) the average per household energy use within the United 
States by products of such type (or class) exceeded 150 kilowatt-
hours (or its Btu equivalent) for any 12-month period ending 
before such determination; 
"(B) the aggregate household energy use within the United 
States by products of such type (or class) exceeded 4,200,000,000 
kilowatt-hours (or its Btu equivalent) for any such 12-month 
period; 
"(C) substantial improvement in the energy efficiency of prod-
ucts of such type (or class) is technologically feasible; and 
PUBLIC LAW 100-12—MAR. 17, 1987 
101 STAT. 113 
"(D) the application of a labeling rule under section 324 to 42 use 6294. 
such type (or class) is not likely to be sufficient to induce 
manufacturers to produce, and consumers and other persons to 
purchase, covered products of such type (or class) which achieve 
the maximum energy efficiency which is technologically fea-
sible and economically justified. 
"(2) Any new or amended standard for covered products of a type 
specified in paragraph (13) of section 322(a) shall not apply to Ante, p. 105. 
products manufactured within five years after the publication of a 
final rule establishing such standard. 
"(3) The Secretary may, in accordance with subsections (1) and (m), 
prescribe an energy conservation standard for television sets. Any 
such standard may not become effective with respect to products 
manufactured before January 1,1992. 
"(j) FURTHER RULEMAKING.—After issuance of the last final rules 
required under subsections (b) through (h) of this section, the Sec-
retary may publish final rules to determine whether standards for a 
covered product should be amended. An amendment prescribed 
under this subsection shall apply to products manufactured after a 
date which is 5 years after— 
"(A) the effective date of the previous amendment made 
pursuant to this part; or 
"(B) if the previous final rule published under this part did 
not amend the standard, the earliest date by which a previous 
amendment could have been in effect, except that in no case 
may an amended standard apply to products manufactured 
within 3 years (for refrigerators, refrigerator-freezers, 
and 
freezers, room air conditioners, dishwashers, clothes washers, 
clothes dryers, and kitchen ranges and ovens) or 5 years (for 
central air conditioners and heat pumps, water heaters, pool 
heaters, direct hearing equipment and furnaces) after publica-
tion of the final rule establishing a standard, 
"(k) PETITION FOR AN AMENDED STANDARD.—(1) With respect to 
each covered product described in paragraphs (1) through (11) of 
section 322(a), any person may petition the Secretary to conduct a 
rulemaking to determine for a covered product if the standards 
contained either in the last final rule required under subsections (b) 
through (h) of this section or in a final rule published under this 
section should be amended. 
"(2) The Secretary shall grant a petition if he finds that it contains 
evidence which, assuming no other evidence were considered, pro-
vides an adequate basis for amending the standards under the 
following criteria— 
"(A) amended standards will result in significant conservation 
of energy; 
"(B) amended standards are technologically feasible; and 
"(C) amended standards are cost effective as described in 
subsection (lX2)(BXi)(II). 
': 
The grant of a petition by the Secretary under this subsection 
creates no presumption with respect to the Secretary's determina-
tion of any of the criteria in a rulemaking under this section. 
"(3) An amendment prescribed under this subsection shall apply 
to products manufactured after a date which is 5 years after— 
"(A) the effective date of the previous amendment pursuant to 
this part; or 
"(B) if the previous final rule published under this part did 
not amend the standard, the earliest date by which a previous 
101 STAT. 114 
PUBLIC LAW 100-12—MAR. 17, 1987 
amendment could have been in effect, except that in no case 
may an amended standard apply to products manufactured 
within 3 years (for refrigerators, refrigerator-freezers, 
and 
freezers, room air conditioners, dishwashers, clothes washers, 
clothes dryers, and kitchen ranges and ovens) or 5 years (for 
central air conditioners and heat pumps, water heaters, pool 
heaters, direct heating equipment and furnaces) after publica-
" ; '» > 
tion of the final rule establishing a standard. 
"(1) CRITERIA FOR PRESCRIBING NEW OR AMENDED STANDARDS.—(1) 
The Secretary may not prescribe any amended standard which 
increases the maximum allowable energy use, or decreases the 
minimum required energy efficiency, of a covered product. 
"(2)(A) Any new or amended energy conservation standard pre-
scribed by the Secretary under this section for any type (or class) of 
covered product shall be designed to achieve the maximum im-
provement in energy efficiency which the Secretary determines is 
technologically feasible and economically justified. 
"(B)(i) In determining whether a standard is economically justi-
fied, the Secretary shall, after receiving views and comments fur-
nished with respect to the proposed standard, determine whether 
the benefits of the standard exceed its burdens by, to the greatest 
extent practicable, considering— 
"(I) the economic impact of the standard on the manufactur-
ers and on the consumers of the products subject to such 
standard; 
"(II) the savings in operating costs throughout the estimated 
average life of the covered product in the type (or class) com-
pared to any increase in the price of, or in the initial charges 
for, or maintenance expenses of, the covered products which are 
likely to result from the imposition of the standard; 
"(III) the total projected amount of energy savings likely to 
result directly from the imposition of the standard; 
"(IV) any lessening of the utility or the performance of the 
covered products likely to result from the imposition of the 
standard; 
"(V) the impact of any lessening of competition, as deter-
mined in writing by the Attorney General, that is likely to 
result from the imposition of the standard; 
"(VI) the need for national energy conservation; and 
"(VII) other factors the Secretary considers relevant, 
"(ii) For purposes of clause (i)(V), the Attorney General shall make 
a determination of the impact, if any, of any lessening of competi-
tion likely to result from such standard and shall transmit such 
determination, not later than 60 days after the publication of a 
proposed rule prescribing or amending an energy conservation 
standard, in writing to the Secretary, together with an analysis of 
Federal 
the nature and extent of such impact. Any such determination and 
Register, 
analysis shall be published by the Secretary in the Federal Register. 
publication. 
..(iii) jf ^Yie Secretary finds that the additional cost to the 
consumer of purchasing a product complying with an energy con-
servation standard level will be less than three times the value of 
the energy savings during the first year that the consumer will 
receive as a result of the standard, as calculated under the ap-
plicable test procedure, there shall be a rebuttable presumption that 
such standard level is economically justified. A determination by the 
Secretary that such criterion is not met shall not be taken into 
PUBLIC LAW 100-12—MAR. 17, 1987 
101 STAT. 115 
consideration in the Secretary's determination of whether a stand-
ard is economically justified. 
"(3) The Secretary may not prescribe an amended or new standard 
under this section for a type (or class) of covered product i
f
— 
"(A) for products other than dishwashers, clothes washers, 
clothes dryers, and kitchen ranges and ovens, a test procedure 
has not been prescribed pursuant to section 323 with respect to Ante, p. 105. 
that type (or class) of product; or 
"(B) the Secretary determines, by rule, that the establishment 
of such standard will not result in significant conservation of 
energy or that the establishment of such standard is not techno-
logically feasible or economically justified. 
For purposes of section 327, a determination under subparagraph (B) Post, p. 117. 
with respect to any type (or class) of covered products shall have the 
same effect as would a standard prescribed for such type (or class). 
"(4) The Secretary may not prescribe an amended or new standard 
under this section if the Secretary finds (and publishes such finding) 
that interested persons have established by a preponderance of the 
evidence that the standard is likely to result in the unavailability in 
the United States in any covered product type (or class) of perform-
ance characteristics (including reliability), features, sizes, capacities, 
and volumes that are substantially the same as those generally 
available in the United States at the time of the Secretary's finding. 
The failure of some types (or classes) to meet this criterion shall not 
affect the Secretary's determination of whether to prescribe a stand-
ard for other types (or classes). 
"(m) PROCEDURE FOR PRESCRIBING NEW OR AMENDED STAND-
ARDS.—Any new or amended energy conservation standard shall be 
prescribed in accordance with the following procedure: 
"(1) The Secretary— 
"(A) shall publish an advance notice of proposed rule-
making which specifies the type (or class) of covered prod-
ucts to which the rule may apply; 
"(B) shall invite interested persons to submit, within 60 
i:r 
days after the date of publication of such advance notice, 
written presentations of data, views, and arguments in 
response to such notice; and 
., 
"(C) may identify proposed or amended standards that 
may be prescribed. 
"(2) A proposed rule which prescribes an amended or new Federal 
energy conservation standard or prescribes no amendment or Register, 
no new standard for a type (or class) of covered products shall be P^'^lication. 
published in the Federal Register. In prescribing any such 
proposed rule with respect to a standard, the Secretary shall 
determine the maximum improvement in energy efficiency or 
maximum reduction in energy use that is technologically 
« 
feasible for each type (or class) of covered products. If such 
standard is not designed to achieve such efficiency or use, the 
Secretary shall state in the proposed rule the reasons therefor. 
"(3) After the publication of such proposed rulemaking, the 
Secretary shall, in accordance with section 336, afford in- Post, p. 123. 
terested persons an opportunity, during a period of not less than 
60 days, to present oral and written comments (including an 
opportunity to question those who make such presentations, as 
provided in such section) on matters relating to such proposed 
rule, including— 
101 STAT. 116 
PUBLIC LAW 100-12—MAR. 17, 1987 
Federal 
Register, 
publication. 
Ante, p. 105. 
-I\T, ' 
"(A) whether the standard to be prescribed is economi-
cally justified (taking into account those factors which the 
1-1^'-: 
Secretary must consider under subsection (1)(2)) or will 
'- ' 
result in the effects described in subsection (1)(4); 
"(B) whether the standard will achieve the maximum 
improvement in energy efficiency which is technologically 
' ' 
feasible; 
"(C) if the standard will not achieve such improvement, 
'•- 
- whether the reasons for not achieving such improvement 
are adequate; and 
<-f' *.' 
"(D) whether such rule should prescribe a level of energy 
use or efficiency which is higher or lower than that which 
would otherwise apply in the case of any group of products 
within the type (or class) that will be subject to such 
standard. 
"(4) A final rule prescribing an amended or new energy 
conservation standard or prescribing no amended or new stand-
ard for a type (or class) of covered products shall be published as 
soon as is practicable, but not less than 90 days, after publica-
tion of the proposed rule in the Federal Register, 
"(n) SPECIAL RULE FOR CERTAIN TYPES OR CLASSES OF PRODUCTS.— 
(1) A rule prescribing an energy conservation standard for a type (or 
class) of covered products shall specify a level of energy use or 
efficiency higher or lower than that which applies (or would apply) 
for such type (or class) for any group of covered products which have 
the same function or intended use, if the Secretary determines that 
covered products within such group— 
' ' 
"(A) consume a different kind of energy from that consumed 
by other covered products within such type (or class); or 
"(B) have a capacity or other performance-related feature 
9.U which other products within such type (or class) do not have and 
such feature justifies a higher or lower standard from that 
which applies (or will apply) to other products within such type 
(or class). 
In making a determination under this paragraph concerning 
whether a performance-related feature justifies the establishment of 
a higher or lower standard, the Secretary shall consider such factors 
as the utility to the consumer of such a feature, and such other 
factors as the Secretary deems appropriate. 
"(2) Any rule prescribing a higher or lower level of energy use or 
efficiency under paragraph (1) shall include an explanation of the 
basis on which such higher or lower level was established. 
"(o) INCLUSION IN STANDARDS OF TEST PROCEDURES AND OTHER 
REQUIREMENTS.—Any new or amended energy conservation stand-
ard prescribed under this section shall include, where applicable, 
test procedures prescribed in accordance with section 323 and may 
include any requirement which the Secretary determines is nec-
essary to assure that each covered product to which such standard 
applies meets the required minimum level of energy efficiency or 
maximum quantity of energy use specified in such standard. 
"(p) DETERMINATION OF COMPLIANCE WITH STANDARDS.—Compli-
ance with, and performance under, the energy conservation 
standards (except for design standards authorized by this part) 
established in, or prescribed under, this section shall be determined 
using the test procedures and corresponding compliance criteria 
prescribed under section 323. 
. . . . 
PUBLIC LAW 100-12—MAR. 17, 1987 
101 STAT. 117 
"(q) SMALL MANUFACTURER EXEMPTION.—(1) Subject to paragraph 
(2), the Secretary may, on application of any manufacturer, exempt 
such manufacturer from all or part of the requirements of any 
energy conservation standard established in or prescribed under this 
section for any period not longer than the 24-month period begin-
ning on the date such rule becomes effective, if the Secretary finds 
that the annual gross revenues of such manufacturer from all its 
operations (including the manufacture and sale of covered products) 
does not exceed $8,000,000 for the 12-month period preceding the 
date of the application. In making such finding with respect to any 
manufacturer, the Secretary shall take into account the annual 
gross revenues of any other person who controls, is controlled by, or 
is under common control with, such manufacturer. 
"(2) The Secretary may not exercise the authority granted under 
paragraph (1) with respect to any type (or class) of covered product 
subject to an energy conservation standard under this section unless 
the Secretary makes a finding, after obtaining the written views of 
the Attorney General, that a failure to allow an exemption under 
paragraph (1) would likely result in a lessening of competition." 
SEC. 6. REQUIREMENTS OF MANUFACTURERS. 
(42 
Section 326(d) of the Energy Policy and Conservation Act 
U.S.C. 6296(d)) is amended to read as follows: 
"(d) INFORMATION REQUIREMENTS.—(1) For purposes of carrying Reports. 
out this part, the Secretary may require, under this part or other Labeling, 
provision of law administered by the Secretary, each manufacturer 
of a covered product to submit information or reports to the Sec-
retary with respect to energy efficiency or energy use of such 
covered product and the economic impact of any proposed energy 
conservation standard, as the Secretary determines may be nec-
essary to establish and revise test procedures, labeling rules, and 
energy conservation standards for such product and to insure 
compliance with the requirements of this part. In making any 
determination under this paragraph, the Secretary shall consider 
existing public sources of information, including nationally recog-
nized certification programs of trade associations. 
"(2) The Secretary shall exercise authority under this section in a 
manner designed to minimize unnecessary burdens on manufactur-
ers of covered products. 
"(3) The provisions of section 11(d) of the Energy Supply and 
Environmental Coordination Act of 1974 shall apply with respect to 15 USC 796. 
information obtained under this subsection to the same extent and 
in the same manner as they apply with respect to energy informa-
tion obtained under section 11 of such Act." 
SEC. 7. EFFECT ON OTHER LAW. 
Section 327 of the Energy Policy and Conservation Act (42 U.S.C. 
6297) is amended to read as follows: 
EFFECT ON OTHER LAW 
"SEC. 327. (a) PREEMPTION OF TESTING AND LABELING REQUIRE-
MENTS.—(1) Effective on the date of enactment of the National 
Appliance Energy Conservation Act of 1987, this part supersedes 
any State regulation insofar as such State regulation provides at 
any time for the disclosure of information with respect to any 
measure of energy consumption of any covered product i
f
— 
State and local 
governments. 
101 STAT. 118 
PUBLIC LAW 100-12—MAR. 17, 1987 
"(A) such State regulation requires testing or the use of any 
measure of energy consumption or energy descriptor in any 
Ante, p. 105. 
manner other than that provided under section 323; or 
"(B) such State regulation requires disclosure of information 
with respect to the energy use or energy efficiency of any 
covered product other than information required under sec-
42 use 6294. 
tion 324. 
"(2) For purposes of this section, the term 'State regulation' means 
a law, regulation, or other requirement of a State or its political 
subdivisions. 
"(b) GENERAL RULE OF PREEMPTION FOR ENERGY CONSERVATION 
STANDARDS BEFORE FEDERAL STANDARD BECOMES EFFECTIVE FOR A 
PRODUCT.—Effective on the date of enactment of the National Appli-
ance Energy Conservation Act of 1987 and ending on the effective 
date of an energy conservation standard established under section 
Ante, p. 107. 
325 for any covered product, no State regulation, or revision thereof, 
concerning the energy efficiency or energy use of the covered prod-
uct shall be effective with respect to such covered product, unless 
the State regulation or revision— 
"(1) was prescribed or enacted before January 8, 1987, and is 
applicable to products before January 3,1988; 
"(2) is a State procurement regulation described in sub-
section (e); 
;'- / ' 
"(3) is a regulation described in subsection (f)(1) or is pre-
scribed or enacted in a building code for new construction 
described in subsection (f)(2); 
"(4) is a regulation prohibiting the use in pool heaters of a 
constant burning pilot; 
"(5) is a regulation described in subsection (d)(5)(B) for which a 
waiver has been granted under subsection (d); or 
"(6) is a regulation effective on or after January 1, 1992, 
concerning the energy efficiency or energy use of television sets. 
"(c) GENERAL RULE OF PREEMPTION FOR ENERGY CONSERVATION 
STANDARDS WHEN FEDERAL STANDARD BECOMES EFFECTIVE FOR A 
PRODUCT.—Except as provided in section 325(b)(3)(A)(ii) and effective 
on the effective date of an energy conservation standard established 
in or prescribed under section 325 for any covered product, no State 
regulation concerning the energy efficiency or energy use of such 
covered product shall be effective with respect to such product 
unless the regulation— 
* 
"(1) is a regulation described in paragraph (2) or (4) of subsec-
tion (b); 
"(2) is a regulation which has been granted a waiver under 
subsection (d); or 
"(3) is in a building code for new construction described in 
subsection (f)(3). 
"(d) WAIVER OF FEDERAL PREEMPTION.—(1)(A) Any State with a 
State regulation which provides for any energy conservation stand-
ard or other requirement with respect to energy use or energy 
efficiency for any type (or class) of covered product for which there is 
a Federal energy conservation standard under section 325 may file a 
* V 
petition with the Secretary requesting a rule that such State regula-
tion become effective with respect to such covered product. 
"(B) Subject to paragraphs (2) through (5), the Secretary shall, 
within the period described in paragraph (2) and after consideration 
of the petition and the comments of interested persons, prescribe 
such rule if the Secretary finds (and publishes such finding) that the 
PUBLIC LAW 100-12—MAR. 17, 1987 
101 STAT. 119 
State has established by a preponderance of the evidence that such 
State regulation is needed to meet unusual and compelling State or 
local energy interests. 
"(C) For purposes of this subsection, the term 'unusual and 
compelling State or local energy interests' means interests which— 
"(i) are substantially different in nature or magnitude than 
those prevailing in the United States generally; and 
"(ii) are such that the costs, benefits, burdens, and reliability 
of energy savings resulting from the State regulation make such 
regulation preferable or necessary when measured against the 
costs, benefits, burdens, and reliability of alternative ap-
proaches to energy savings or production, including reliance on 
reasonably predictable market-induced improvements in effi-
ciency of all products subject to the State regulation. 
The factors described in clause (ii) shall be evaluated within the 
context of the State's energy plan and forecast. 
"(2) The Secretary shall give notice of any petition filed under 
paragraph (1)(A) and afford interested persons a reasonable oppor-
tunity to make written comments, including rebuttal comments, 
thereon. The Secretary shall, within the 6-month period beginning 
on the date on which any such petition is filed, deny such petition or 
prescribe the requested rule, except that the Secretary may publish 
a notice in the Federal Register extending such period to a date 
certain but no longer than one year after the date on which the 
petition was filed. Such notice shall include the reasons for delay. In 
the case of any denial of a petition under this subsection, the 
Secretary shall publish in the Federal Register notice of, and the 
reasons for, such denial. 
"(3) The Secretary may not prescribe a rule under this subsection 
if the Secretary finds (and publishes such finding) that interested 
persons have established, by a preponderance of the evidence, that 
such State regulation will significantly burden manufacturing, 
marketing, distribution, sale, or servicing of the covered product on 
a national basis. In determining whether to make such finding, the 
Secretary shall evaluate all relevant factors, including— 
"(A) the extent to which the State regulation will increase 
manufacturing or distribution costs of manufacturers, distribu-
tors, and others; 
"(B) the extent to which the State regulation will disadvan-
tage smaller manufacturers, distributors, or dealers or lessen 
competition in the sale of the covered product in the State; 
"(C) the extent to which the State regulation would cause a 
burden to manufacturers to redesign and produce the covered 
product type (or class), taking into consideration the extent to 
which the regulation would result in a reduction— 
"(i) in the current models, or in the projected availability 
of models, that could be shipped on the effective date of the 
regulation to the State and within the United States; or 
"(ii) in the current or projected sales volume of the 
covered product type (or class) in the State and the United 
States; and 
"(D) the extent to which the State regulation is likely to 
contribute significantly to a proliferation of State appliance 
efficiency 
requirements and the cumulative impact such 
requirements would have. 
"(4) The Secretary may not prescribe a rule under this subsection 
if the Secretary finds (and publishes such finding) that interested 
Federal 
Register, 
publication. 
Federal 
Register, 
publication. 
101 STAT. 120 
PUBLIC LAW 100-12—MAR. 17, 1987 
persons have established, by a preponderance of the evidence, that 
the State regulation is likely to result in the unavailability in the 
State of any covered product type (or class) of performance 
characteristics (including reliability), features, sizes, capacities, and 
volumes that are substantially the same as those generally available 
in the State at the time of the Secretary's finding, except that the 
failure of some classes (or types) to meet this criterion shall not 
affect the Secretary's determination of whether to prescribe a rule 
for other classes (or types). 
"(5) No final rule prescribed by the Secretary under this subsec-
tion may— 
"(A) permit any State regulation to become effective with 
respect to any covered product manufactured within three years 
after such rule is published in the Federal Register or within 
five years if the Secretary finds that such additional time is 
necessary due to the substantial burdens of retooling, redesign, 
or distribution needed to comply with the State regulation; or 
"(B) become effective with respect to a covered product manu-
factured before the earliest possible effective date specified in 
Ante, p. 107. 
section 325 for the initial amendment of the energy conserva-
tion standard established in such section for the covered prod-
uct; except that such rule may become effective before such date 
if the Secretary finds (and publishes such finding) that, in 
addition to the other requirements of this subsection the State 
' ; J 
has established, by a preponderance of the evidence, that— 
*
; ' 
"(i) an energy emergency condition exists within the 
State which— 
"(I) imperils the health, safety, and welfare of its 
''' 
residents because of the inability of the State or utili-
ties within the State to provide adequate quantities of 
gas or electric energy to its residents at less than 
prohibitive costs; and 
"(II) cannot be substantially alleviated by the im-
«S- 
poj-tation of energy or the use of interconnection 
agreements; and 
"(ii) the State regulation is necessary to alleviate substan-
tially such condition. 
"(6) In any case in which a State is issued a rule under paragraph 
(1) with respect to a covered product and subsequently a Federal 
energy conservation standard concerning such product is amended 
pursuant to section 325, any person subject to such State regulation 
may file a petition with the Secretary requesting the Secretary to 
withdraw the rule issued under paragraph (1) with respect to such 
product in such State. The Secretary shall consider such petition in 
accordance with the requirements of paragraphs (1), (3), and (4), 
except that the burden shall be on the petitioner to show by a 
preponderance of the evidence that the rule received by the State 
under paragraph (1) should be withdrawn £is a result of the amend-
ment to the Federal standard. If the Secretary determines that the 
petitioner has shown that the rule issued by the State should be so 
withdrawn, the Secretary shall withdraw it. 
"(e) EXCEPTION FOR CERTAIN STATE PROCUREMENT STANDARDS.— 
Any State regulation which sets forth procurement standards for a 
State (or political subdivision thereof) shall not be superseded by the 
provisions of this part if such standards are more stringent than the 
corresponding Federal energy conservation standards. 
PUBLIC LAW 100-12—MAR. 17, 1987 
101 STAT. 121 
"(f) EXCEPTION FOR CERTAIN BUILDING CODE REQUIREMENTS.—(1) A 
regulation or other requirement enacted or prescribed before Janu-
ary 8, 1987, that is contained in a State or local building code for 
new construction concerning the energy efficiency or energy use of a 
covered product is not superseded by this part until the effective 
date of the energy conservation standard established in or pre-
scribed under section 325 for such covered product. 
Ante, p. 107. 
"(2) A regulation or other requirement, or revision thereof, en-
acted or prescribed on or after January 8, 1987, that is contained in 
a State or local building code for new construction concerning the 
energy efficiency or energy use of a covered product is not super-
seded by this part until the effective date of the energy conservation 
standard established in or prescribed under section 325 for such 
covered product if the code does not require that the energy effi-
ciency of such covered product exceed— 
"'ii q -i ? 
"(A) the applicable minimum efficiency requirement in a 
national voluntary consensus standard; or 
"(B) the minimum energy efficiency level in a regulation or 
other requirement of the State meeting the requirements of 
subsection (b)(1) or (b)(5), 
whichever is higher. 
"(3) Effective on the effective date of an energy conservation 
standard for a covered product established in or prescribed under 
section 325, a regulation or other requirement contained in a State 
or local building code for new construction concerning the energy 
efficiency or energy use of such covered product is not superseded by 
this part if the code complies with all of the following requirements: 
•'' i 
i 
"(A) The code permits a builder to meet an energy consump-
tion or conservation objective for a building by selecting items 
whose combined energy efficiencies meet the objective. 
"(B) The code does not require that the covered product have 
an energy efficiency exceeding the applicable energy conserva-
tion standard established in or prescribed under section 325, 
' 
except that the required efficiency may exceed such standard up 
- 
to the level required by a regulation of that State for which 
"i 
the Secretary has issued a rule granting a waiver under sub-
section (d). 
"(C) The credit to the energy consumption or conservation 
objective allowed by the code for installing covered products 
having energy efficiencies exceeding such energy conservation 
standard established in or prescribed under section 325 or the 
efficiency level required in a State regulation referred to in 
subparagraph (B) is on a one-for-one equivalent energy use or 
i 
equivalent cost basis. 
"(D) If the code uses one or more baseline building designs 
against which all submitted building designs are to be evaluated 
and such baseline building designs contain a covered product 
subject to an energy conservation standard established in or 
prescribed under section 325, the baseline building designs are 
based on the efficiency level for such covered product which 
meets but does not exceed such standard or the efficiency level 
required by a regulation of that State for which the Secretary 
has issued a rule granting a waiver under subsection (d). 
"(E) If the code sets forth one or more optional combinations 
of items which meet the energy consumption or conservation 
objective, for every combination which includes a covered prod-
uct the efficiency of which exceeds either standard or level 
101 STAT. 122 
PUBLIC LAW 100-12—MAR. 17, 1987 
i^ 
referred to in subparagraph (D), there also shall be at least one 
; 
combination which includes such covered product the efficiency 
, 
of which does not exceed such standard or level by more than 5 
f t percent, except that at least one combination shall include such 
covered product the efficiency of which meets but does not 
, 
exceed such standard. 
.. 
"(F) The energy consumption or conservation objective is 
;. specified in terms of an estimated total consumption of energy 
(which may be calculated from energy loss- or gain-based codes) 
utilizing an equivalent amount of energy (which may be speci-
fied in units of energy or its equivalent cost). 
"(G) The estimated energy use of any covered product per-
mitted or required in the code, or used in calculating the 
objective, is determined using the applicable test procedures 
Ante, p. 105. 
prescribed under section 323, except that the State may permit 
i 
the estimated energy use calculation to be adjusted to reflect 
the conditions of the areas where the code is being applied if 
such adjustment is based on the use of the applicable test 
procedures prescribed under section 323 or other technically 
accurate documented procedure. 
"(4)(A) Subject to subparagraph (B), a State or local government is 
not required to submit a petition to the Secretary in order to enforce 
or apply its building code or to establish that the code meets the 
conditions set forth in this subsection. 
"(B) If a building code requires the installation of covered products 
with efficiencies exceeding both the applicable Federal standard 
Ante, p. 107. 
established in or prescribed under section 325 and the applicable 
standard of such State, if any, that has been granted a waiver under 
subsection (d), such requirement of the building code shall not be 
applicable unless the Secretary has granted a waiver for such 
requirement under subsection (d). 
"(g) No WARRANTY.—Any disclosure with respect to energy use, 
energy efficiency, or estimated annual operating cost which is re-
quired to be made under the provisions of this part shall not create 
an express or implied warranty under State or Federal law that 
such energy efficiency will be achieved or that such energy use or 
estimated annual operating cost will not be exceeded under condi-
tions of actual use.". 
SEC. 8. CITIZEN SUITS. 
Section 335(a) of the Energy Policy and Conservation Act (42 
U.S.C. 6305) is amended— 
(1) by striking out "or" at the end of paragraph (1); 
(2) by striking out the period at the end of paragraph (2) and 
inserting in lieu thereof ; or"; 
(3) by inserting after paragraph (2) the following new 
paragraph: 
"(3) the Secretary in any case in which there is an alleged 
failure of the Secretary to comply with a nondiscretionary duty 
to issue a proposed or final rule according to the schedules set 
forth in section 325."; and 
(4) by adding after the last sentence the following: 
"The courts shall advance on the docket, and expedite the disposi-
tion of, all causes filed therein pursuant to paragraph (3) of this 
subsection. If the court finds that the Secretary has failed to comply 
with a deadline established in section 325, the court shall have 
jurisdiction to order appropriate relief, including relief that will 
PUBLIC LAW 100-12—MAR. 17, 1987 
101 STAT. 123 
ensure the Secretary's compliance with future deadlines for the 
same covered product." 
SEC. 9. ADMINISTRATIVE REVIEW AND JUDICIAL REVIEW. 
' 
Section 336 of the Energy Policy and Conservation Act (42 U.S.C. 
6306) is amended to read as follows: 
,,. 
"ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURE AND JUDICIAL REVIEW 
"SEC. 336. (a)(1) In addition to the requirements of section 553 of 
title 5, United States Code, rules prescribed under section 323, 324, 
325, 327, or 328 of this part shall afford interested persons an Ante, p. 105; 42 
opportunity to present written and oral data, views, and arguments ^SC 6294; ante, 
with respect to any proposed rule. 
li7 I^^sc'^ 
"(2) In the case of a rule prescribed under section 325, the Sec- 6298. 
retary shall, by means of conferences or other informal procedures, 
afford any interested person an opportunity to question— 
"(A) other interested persons who have made oral presen-
tations; and 
, ,. 
i. 
"(B) employees of the United States who have made written 
" ' " 
• 
or oral presentations with respect to disputed issues of material 
fact. 
Such opportunity shall be afforded to the extent the Secretary 
determines that questioning pursuant to such procedures is likely to 
result in a more timely and effective resolution of such issues. 
"(3) A transcript shall be kept of any oral presentations made 
under this subsection. 
"(b)(1) Any person who will be adversely affected by a rule pre-
scribed under section 323, 324, or 325 may, at any time within 60 
days after the date on which such rule is prescribed, file a petition 
with the United States court of appeals for the circuit in which such 
person resides or has his principal place of business, for judicial 
review of such rule. A copy of the petition shall be transmitted by 
the clerk of the court to the agency which prescribed the rule. Such 
agency shall file in the court the written submissions to, and 
transcript of, the proceedings on which the rule was based, as 
provided in section 2112 of title 28, United States Code. 
"(2) Upon the filing of the petition referred to in paragraph (1), the 
court shall have jurisdiction to review the rule in accordance with 
chapter 7 of title 5, United States Code, and to grant appropriate 5 USC 701 et seq. 
relief as provided in such chapter. No rule under section 323, 324, or 
325 may be affirmed unless supported by substantial evidence. 
"(3) The judgment of the court affirming or setting aside, in whole 
or in part, any such rule shall be final, subject to review by the 
Supreme (Jourt of the United States upon certiorari or certification 
as provided in section 1254 of title 28, United States Code. 
"(4) The remedies provided for in this subsection shall be in 
addition to, and not in substitution for, any other remedies provided 
by law. 
"(5) The procedures applicable under this part shall not— 
"(A) be considered to be modified or affected by any other 
provision of law unless such other provision specifically amends 
this part (or provisions of law cited herein); or 
"(B) be considered to be superseded by any other provision of 
law unless such other provision does so in specific terms by 
referring to this part and declaring that such provision super-
sedes, in whole or in part, the procedures of this part. 
101 STAT. 124 
PUBLIC LAW 100-12—MAR. 17, 1987 
"(c) Jurisdiction is vested in the Federal district courts of the 
United States over actions brought by— 
State and local 
"(1) any adversely affected person to determine whether a 
governments. 
State or local government is complying with the requirements 
of this part; and 
Ante, p. 107. 
"(2) any person who files a petition under section 325(k) which 
is denied by the Secretary.". 
SEC. 10. ANNUAL REPORT. 
Section 338 of the Energy Policy and Conservation Act (42 U.S.C. 
j. v
s „ ,^„ 
6308) is amended by adding at the end the following: "Nothing in 
3
> ,1 
this section provides a defense or justification for a failure by the 
Secretary to comply with a nondiscretionary duty as provided for in 
this part." 
SEC. 11. CONFORMING AMENDMENTS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Part B of title III of the Energy Policy and 
Conservation Act is amended as follows: 
, 
42 use 6294. 
(1) Section 324 is amended— 
>
^ ,„ .,j 
(A) in subsection (a)(1), by striking out "paragraphs (1) 
through (9)" and inserting in lieu thereof "paragraphs (1), 
(2), (4), (6), and (8) through (12)"; 
(B) in subsection (a)(2), by striking out "paragraphs (10) 
through (13)" and inserting in lieu thereof "paragraphs (3), 
(5), and (7)"; and 
(C) in subsection (a)(3)— 
(i) by striking out "paragraph (14)" and inserting in 
lieu thereof "paragraph (13)"; 
(ii) by striking out subparagraph (A) and inserting in 
,
" 
lieu thereof the following: 
"(A) the Commission or the Secretary has made a determina-
[ 
tion with respect to such type (or class thereof) that labeling in 
accordance with this section will assist purchasers in making 
purchasing decisions,"; and 
(iii) by striking out "section 323(a)(5)" in subpara-
^' 
' 
graph (B) and inserting in lieu thereof "section 
Ante, p. 105. 
^^ 
323(b)(1)(B)"; 
(D) by striking out subsection Ot))(l) and inserting in lieu 
thereof the following: 
Labeling. 
"(b) RuLES IN EFFECT; NEW RULES.—(1)(A) Any labeling rule in 
effect on the date of the enactment of the National Appliance 
Energy Conservation Act of 1987 shall remain in effect until 
amended, by rule, by the Commission. 
"(B) After the date of the enactment of the National Appliance 
Energy Conservation Act of 1987 and not later than 30 days after 
the date on which a proposed test procedure applicable to a covered 
product of any of the types specified in paragraphs (1) through (13) of 
Ante, p. 105. 
section 322(a) (or class thereof) is prescribed under section 323(b), the 
Commission shall publish a proposed labeling rule applicable to 
such type (or class thereof)."; 
^ , 
(E) in subsection (b)(3)— 
(i) by striking out "section 323" both places in which 
.
^ , 
.
V 
^^ appears and inserting in lieu thereof' section 323(b)"; 
.; • 
(ii) by striking out "(13)" and inserting in lieu thereof 
j : : / ; 7 
"(12)";and 
(iii) by striking out "(14)" and inserting in lieu 
thereof "(13)"; 
PUBLIC LAW 100-12—MAR. 17, 1987 
101 STAT. 125 
''•^V 
(F) in subsection (bX5)— 
^ 
' ' ' ' 
(i) by striking out "(10) through (13)" and inserting in 
lieu thereof "(3), (5), and (7)"; and 
(ii) by striking out "(14)" and inserting in lieu thereof 
" ' ^ ' " ' ' 
"(13)"; and 
(G) in subsection (f), by striking out "or (2)" in the second 
^' <
• 
sentence. 
(2) Section 326(b)(3)(A) is amended by inserting "established in 42 USC 6296. 
or" before "prescribed under". 
(3) Section 332(a)(5) is amended by striking out "energy effi- 
42 USC 6302. 
ciency standard prescribed under" and inserting in lieu thereof 
"energy conservation standard established in or prescribed 
under", 
(b) STYLISTIC CONFORMING AMENDMENTS.—Part B of title III of the 
Energy Policy and Conservation Act is amended as follows: 
42 USC 6321 et 
(1) Section 322(b)(1) is amended by striking out "(b)(1)" and seq 
inserting in lieu thereof "(b) SPECIAL CLASSIFICATION OF 
' 
CONSUMER PRODUCT.—(1)". 
(2) Section 324 is amended— 
42 use 6294. 
(A) by striking out "SEC. 324. (a)(1)" and inserting in lieu 
at 1., • thereof "SEC. 324. (a) IN GENERAL.—(1)"; 
(B) in subsection (c)(1), by striking out "(c)(1)" and insert-
ing in lieu thereof "(c) CONTENT OF LABEL.—(1)"; 
(C) in subsection (d), by striking out "(d)" and inserting in 
lieu thereof "(d) EFFECTIVE DATE.—"; 
(D) in subsection (e), by striking out "(e)" and inserting in 
lieu thereof "(e) STUDY OF CERTAIN PRODUCTS.—"; 
(E) in subsection (f), by striking out "(f)" and inserting 
in lieu thereof "(f) CONSULTATION.—"; and 
(F) in subsection (g), by striking out "(g)" and inserting in 
lieu thereof "(g) OTHER AUTHORITY OF THE COMMISSION.—". 
(3) Section 326 is amended— 
42 use 6296. 
(A) in subsection (a), by striking out "(a)" and inserting in 
lieu thereof "(a) IN GENERAL.—"; 
(B) in subsection (b)(1), by striking out "Ot))(l)" and insert-
ing in lieu thereof "(b) NOTIFICATION.—(1)"; and 
(C) in subsection (c), by striking out "(c) Each" and insert-
ing in lieu thereof "(c) DEADLINE.—Each". 
(4) Section 329 is amended— 
42 use 6299. 
(A) in subsection (a), by striking out "(a)" and inserting in 
lieu thereof "(a) IN GENERAL.—"; and 
(B) in subsection (b), by striking out "(b)" and inserting in 
lieu thereof "(h) CONFIDENTIALITY.—". 
(5) Section 332 is amended— 
42 use 6302. 
(A) in subsection (a), by striking out "SEC. 332. (a)" and 
inserting in lieu thereof "SEC. 332. (a) IN GENERAL.—"; and 
(B) in subsection (b), by striking out "(b)" and inserting in 
lieu thereof "Ot)) DEFINITION.—". 
(6) Section 333 is amended— 
42 USe 6303. 
(A) in subsection (a), by striking out "SEC. 333. (a)" and 
J ^ „
^
^
^ inserting in lieu thereof "SEC. 333. (a) IN GENERAL.—"; 
x.fe'j: 
^g^ j ^ subsection O
t
>
)
, by striking out "(b)" and inserting in 
lieu thereof "(b) DEFINITION.—"; 
(C) in subsection (c), by striking out "(c) It" and inserting 
,.. V 
in lieu thereof "(c) SPECIAL RULE.—It"; and 
101 STAT. 126 
PUBLIC LAW 100-12—MAR. 17, 1987 
(D) in subsection (d)(1), by striking out "(d)(1)" and insert-
ing in lieu thereof "(d) PROCEDURE FOR ASSESSING PEN-
ALTY.—(1)". 
. ; . - , . 
42 use 6305. 
. (7) Section 335 is amended— 
(A) in subsection (b), by striking out "(b)" and inserting in 
lieu thereof "(b) LIMITATION.—"; 
(B) in subsection (c), by striking out "(c)" and inserting in 
,.., x- 
,' 
lieu thereof "(c) RIGHT TO INTERVENE.—"; 
(C) in subsection (d), by striking out "(d)" and inserting 
in lieu thereof "(d) AWARD OF COSTS OF LITIGATION.—"; 
(D) in subsection (e), by striking out "(e)" and inserting in 
lieu thereof "(e) PRESERVATION OF OTHER RELIEF.—"; and 
(E) in subsection (f), by striking out "(f)" and inserting in 
lieu thereof "(f) COMPLIANCE IN GOOD FAITH.—". 
42 use 6309. 
(8) Section 339 is amended— 
^ ,, 
(A) in subsection (a), by striking out "(a)" and inserting in 
J 
lieu thereof "(a) AUTHORIZATIONS FOR THE SECRETARY.—"; 
(B) in subsection (b), by striking out "(b)" and inserting in 
^ ^v^, 
lieu thereof "(b) AUTHORIZATIONS FOR THE COMMISSION.—"; 
and 
(C) in subsection (c), by striking out "(c)" and inserting in 
.j,,:, V 
lieu thereof "(c) OTHER AUTHORIZATIONS.—". 
Approved March 17, 1987. 
/ 
•' " , 
LEGISLATIVE HISTORY—S. 83 (H.R. 87): 
HOUSE REPORTS: No. 100-11 accompanying H.R. 87 (eomm. on Energy and 
Commerce). 
SENATE REPORTS: No. 100-6 (Oomm. on Energy and Natural Resources). 
eONGRESSIONAL RECORD, Vol. 133 (1987): 
Feb. 5, 17, considered and passed Senate. 
Mar. 3, H.R. 87 considered and passed House; proceedings vacated and S. 83 
passed in lieu.