Stevenson Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980
PL 96-480 (S.1250), enacted 10/21/1980

PUBLIC LAW 96-480—OCT. 21, 1980 
94 STAT. 2311 
Public Law 96-
96th Congress 
-480 
An Act 
To promote United States technological innovation for the achievement of national 
economic, environmental, and social goals, and for other purposes. 
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled, That this Act may be 
cited as the "Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980". 
SEC. 2. FINDINGS. 
The Congress finds and declares that: 
(1) Technology and industrial innovation are central to the 
economic, environmental, and social well-being of citizens of the 
United States. 
(2) Technology and industrial innovation offer an improved 
standard of living, increased public and private sector productiv-
ity, creation of new industries and employment opportunities, 
improved public services and enhanced competitiveness of 
United States products in world markets. 
(3) Many new discoveries and advances in science occur in 
universities and Federal laboratories, while the application of 
this new knowledge to commercial and useful public purposes 
depends largely upon actions by business and labor. Cooperation 
among academia, Federal laboratories, labor, and industry, in 
such forms as technology transfer, personnel exchange, joint 
research projects, and others, should be renewed, expanded, and 
strengthened. 
(4) Small businesses have performed an important role in 
advancing industrial and technological innovation. 
(5) Industrial and technological innovation in the United 
States may be lagging when compared to historical patterns and 
other industrialized nations. 
(6) Increased industrial and technological innovation would 
reduce trade deficits, stabilize the dollar, increase productivity 
gains, increase employment, and stabilize prices. 
(7) Government antitrust, economic, trade, patent, procure-
ment, regulatory, research and development, and tax policies 
have significant impacts upon industrial innovation and develop-
ment of technology, but there is insufficient knowledge of their 
effects in particular sectors of the economy. 
(8) No comprehensive national policy exists to enhance techno-
logical innovation for commercial and public purposes. There is a 
need for such a policy, including a strong national policy support-
ing domestic technology transfer and utilization of the science 
and technology resources of the Federal Government. 
(9) It is in the national interest to promote the adaptation of 
technological innovations to State and local government uses. 
Technological innovations can improve services, reduce their 
costs, and increase productivity in State and local governments. 
(10) The Federal laboratories and other performers of federally 
funded research and development frequently provide scientific 
Oct. 21, 1980 
[S. 1250] 
Stevenson-
Wydler 
Technology 
Innovation Act 
of 1980. 
15 u s e 3701 
note. 
15 u s e 3701. 
94 STAT. 2312 
PUBLIC LAW 96-480—OCT. 21, 1980 
and technological developments of potential use to State and 
local governments and private industry. These developments 
should be made accessible to those governments and industry. 
There is a need to provide means of access and to give adequate 
personnel and funding support to these means. 
(11) The Nation should give fuller recognition to individuals 
and companies which have made outstanding contributions to 
the promotion of technology or technological manpower for the 
improvement of the economic, environmental, or social well-
being of the United States. 
15 use 3702. 
SEC. 3. PURPOSE. 
It is the purpose of this Act to improve the economic, environmen-
tal, and social well-being of the United States by— 
(1) establishing organizations in the executive branch to study 
and stimulate technology; 
(2) promoting technology development through the establish-
ment of centers for industrial technology; 
(3) stimulating improved utilization of federally funded tech-
nology developments by State and local governments and the 
private sector; 
(4) providing encouragement for the development of technol-
ogy through the recognition of individuals and companies which 
have made outstanding contributions in technology; and 
(5) encouraging the exchange of scientific and technical person-
nel among academia, industry, and Federal laboratories. 
15 use 3703. 
SEC. 4. DEFINITIONS. 
As used in this Act, unless the context otherwise requires, the 
term— 
(1) "Office" means the Office of Industrial Technology estab-
lished under section 5 of this Act. 
(2) "Secretary" means the Secretary of Commerce. 
(3) "Director" means the Director of the Office of Industrial 
Technology, appointed pursuant to section 5 of this Act. 
(4) "Centers" means the Centers for Industrial Technology 
established under section 6 or section 8 of this Act. 
(5) "Nonprofit institution" means an organization owned and 
operated exclusively for scientific or educational purposes, no 
part of the net earnings of which inures to the benefit of any 
private shareholder or individual. 
(6) "Board" means the National Industrial Technology Board 
established pursuant to section 10. 
(7) "Federal laboratory" means any laboratory, any federally 
funded research and development center, or any center estab-
lished under section 6 or section 8 of this Act that is owned and 
funded by the Federal Government, whether operated by the 
Government or by a contractor. 
(8) "Supporting agency" means either the Department of 
Commerce or the National Science Foundation, £is appropriate. 
Office of 
SEC. 5. COMMERCE AND TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION. 
Technology, 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall establish and maintain an 
establishment. 
Office of Industrial Technology in accordance with the provisions, 
15 use 3704. 
findings, 
and purposes of this Act. 
(b) DIRECTOR.—The President shall appoint, by and with the advice 
and consent of the Senate, a Director of the Office, who shall be 
PUBLIC LAW 96-480—OCT. 21, 1980 
94 STAT. 2313 
compensated at the rate provided for level V of the Executive 
Schedule in section 5316 of title 5, United States Code. 
(c) DUTIES.—The Secretary, through the Director, on a continuing 
basis, shall— 
(1) determine the relationships of technological developments 
and international technology transfers to the output, employ-
ment, productivity, and world trade performance of United 
States and foreign industrial sectors; 
(2) determine the influence of economic, labor and other 
conditions, industrial structure and management, and govern-
ment policies on technological developments in particular indus-
trial sectors worldwide; 
(3) identify technological needs, problems, and opportunities 
within and across industrial sectors that, if addressed, could 
make a significant contribution to the economy of the United 
States; 
(4) assess whether the capital, technical and other resources 
being allocated to domestic industrial sectors which are likely to 
generate new technologies are adequate to meet private and 
social demands for goods and services and to promote productiv-
ity and economic growth; 
(5) propose and support studies and policy experiments, in 
cooperation with other Federal agencies, to determine the effec-
tiveness of measures with the potential of advancing United 
States technological innovation; 
(6) provide that cooperative efforts to stimulate industrial 
innovation be undertaken between the Director and other offi-
cials in the Department of Commerce responsible for such areas 
as trade and economic assistance; 
(7) consider government measures with the potential of 
advancing United States technological innovation and exploiting 
innovations of foreign origin; and 
(8) publish the results of studies and policy experiments. 
(d) REPORT.—The Secretary shall prepare and submit to the Presi- Submittal to 
dent and Congress, within 3 years after the date of enactment of this President and 
Act, a report on the progress, findings, and conclusions of activities 
'^^s^^ 
conducted pursuant to sections 5, 6, 8, 11, 12, and 13 of this Act and 
recommendations for possible modifications thereof. 
SEC. 6. CENTERS FOR INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY. 
15 USC 3705. 
(a) ESTABLISHMENT.—The Secretary shall provide assistance for the 
establishment of Centers for Industrial Technology. Such Centers 
shall be affiliated with any university, or other nonprofit institution, 
or group thereof, that applies for and is awarded a grant or enters 
into a cooperative agreement under this section. The objective of the 
Centers is to enhance technological innovation through— 
(1) the participation of individuals from industry and universi-
ties in cooperative technological innovation activities; 
(2) the development of the generic research base, important for 
technological advance and innovative activity, in which indi-
vidual firms have little incentive to invest, but which may have 
significant economic or strategic importance, such as manufac 
turing technology; 
(3) the education and training of individuals in the technologi-
cal innovation process; 
(4) the improvement of mechanisms for the dissemination of 
scientific, engineering, and technical information among univer-
sities and industry; 
94 STAT. 2314 
PUBLIC LAW 96-480—OCT. 21, 1980 
(5) the utilization of the capability and expertise, where appro-
priate, that exists in Federal laboratories; and 
(6) the development of continuing financial support from other 
mission agencies, from State and local government, and from 
industry and universities through, among other means, fees, 
licenses, and realties. 
(b) AcTiviTiES.—The activities of the Centers shall include, but 
need not be limited to— 
(1) research supportive of technological and industrial innova-
tion including cooperative industry-university basic and applied 
research; 
(2) assistance to individuals and small businesses in the genera-
tion, evaluation and development of technological ide£is support-
ive of industrial innovation and new business ventures; 
(3) technical assistance and advisory services to industry, 
particularly sm£ill businesses; and 
(4) curriculum development, training, and instruction in inven-
tion, entrepreneurship, and industrial innovation. 
Each Center need not undertake all of the activities under this 
subsection. 
(c) REQUiREMENTS.—Prior to establishing a Center, the Secretary 
shall find that— 
(1) consideration has been given to the potential contribution 
of the activities proposed under the Center to productivity, 
employment, and economic competitiveness of 
the United Stated; 
(2) a high likelihood exists of continuing participation, advice, 
financial support, and other contributions from the private 
sector; 
(3) the host university or other nonprofit institution has a plan 
for the management and evaluation of the activities proposed 
within the particular Center, including: 
(A) the agreement between the parties as to the allocation 
of patent rights on a nonexclusive, partially exclusive, or 
exclusive license basis to and inventions conceived or made 
under the auspices of 
the Center; and 
(B) the consideration of means to place the Center, to the 
maximum extent feasible, on a self-sustaining basis; 
(4) suitable consideration has been given to the university's or 
other nonprofit institution's capabilities and geographical loca-
tion; and 
(5) consideration has been given to any effects upon competi-
tion of 
the activities proposed under the Center. 
(d) PiANNiNG GRANTS. —The Secretary is authorized to make 
available nonrenewable planning grants to universities or nonprofit 
institutions for the purpose of developing a plan required under 
subsection (c)(3). 
Inventions, title 
(e) RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT U T I U Z A T I O N . — ( 1 ) T o promote 
acquisition. 
technological innovation and commercialization of research and 
development efforts, each Center has the option of acquiring title to 
any invention conceived or made under the auspices of the Center 
that was supported at least in part by Federal funds: Provided, 
That— 
(A) the Center reports the invention to the supporting agency 
together with a list of each country in which the Center elects to 
file a patent application on the invention; 
(B) said option shall be exercised at the time of disclosure of 
invention or within such time thereafter as may be provided in 
the grant or cooperative agreement; 
PUBLIC LAW 96-480—OCT. 21, 1980 
94 STAT. 2315 
(C) the Center intends to promote the commercialization of the 
invention and file a United States patent application; 
(D) royalties be used for compensation of the inventor or for 
educational or research activities of the Center; 
(E) the Center make periodic reports to the supporting agency, 
and the supporting agency may treat information contained in 
such reports as privileged and confidential technical, commer-
cial, and financial information and not subject to disclosures 
under the Freedom of Information Act; and 
(F) any Federal department or agency shall have the royalty-
free right to practice, or have practiced on its behalf, the 
invention for governmental purposes. 
The supporting agency shall have the right to acquire title to any 
patent on an invention in any country in which the Center elects not 
to file a patent application or fails to file within a reasonable time. 
(2) Where a Center has retained title to an invention under 
paragraph (1) of this subsection the supporting agency shall have the 
right to require the Center or its licensee to grant a nonexclusive, 
partially exclusive, or exclusive license to a responsible applicant or 
applicants, upon terms that are reasonable under the circumstances, 
if the supporting agency determines, after public notice and opportu-
nity for hearing, that such action is necessary— 
(A) because the Center or licensee has not taken and is not 
expected to take timely and effective action to achieve practical 
application of the invention; 
(B) to meet health, safety, environmental, or national security 
needs which are not reasonably satisfied by the contractor or 
licensee; or 
(C) because the granting of exclusive rights in the invention 
has tended substantially to lessen competition or to result in 
undue market concentration in the United States in any line of 
commerce to which the technology relates. 
(3) Any individual, partnership, corporation, association, institu-
tion, or other entity adversely affected by a supporting agency 
determination made under paragraph (2) of this subsection may, at 
any time within 60 days after the determination is issued, file a 
petition to the United States Court of Claims which shall have 
jurisdiction to determine that matter de novo and to affirm, reverse, 
or modify as appropriate, the determination of the supporting 
agency. 
(f) ADDITIONAL CONSIDERATION.—The supporting agency may re-
quest the Attorney General's opinion whether the proposed joint 
research activities of a Center would violate any of the antitrust laws. 
The Attorney General shall advise the supporting agency of his 
determination and the reasons for it within 120 days after receipt of 
such request. 
SEC. 7. GRANTS AND COOPERATIVE AGREEMENTS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary may make grants and enter into 
cooperative agreements according to the provisions of this section in 
order to assist any activity consistent with this Act, including 
activities performed by individuals. The total amount of any such 
grant or cooperative agreement may not exceed 75 percent of the 
total cost of the program. 
0)) ELIGIBILITY AND PROCEDURE.—Any person or institution may 
apply to the Secretary for a grant or cooperative agreement available 
under this section. Application shall be made in such form and 
manner, and with such content and other submissions, as the Direc-
Applicant 
licensing 
requirement. 
U.S. Courts of 
Claims, petition. 
Antitrust laws. 
15 u s e 3706. 
94 STAT. 2316 
PUBLIC LAW 96-480—OCT. 21, 1980 
tor shall prescribe. The Secretary shall act upon each such applica-
tion within 90 days after the date on which all required information is 
received, 
(c) T^RMS AND CONDITIONS.— 
(1) Any grant made, or cooperative agreement entered into, 
under this section shall be subject to the limitations and provi-
sions set forth in paragraph (2) of this subsection, and to such 
other terms, conditions, and requirements as the Secretary 
deems necessary or appropriate. 
(2) Any person who receives or utilizes any proceeds of any 
grant made or cooperative agreement entered into under this 
section shall keep such records as the Secretary shall by regula-
tion prescribe as being necessary and appropriate to facilitate 
effective audit and evaluation, including records which fully 
disclose the amount and disposition by such recipient of such 
proceeds, the total cost of the program or project in connection 
with which such proceeds were used, and the amount, if any, of 
such costs which was provided through other sources. 
15 use 3707. 
SEC. 8. NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION CENTERS FOR INDUSTRIAL 
TECHNOLOGY. 
(a) EsTABUSHMENT AND PROVISIONS.—The National Science Foun-
dation shall provide assistance for the establishment of Centers for 
Industrial Technology. Such Centers shall be affiliated with a univer-
sity, or other nonprofit institution, or a group thereof. The objective 
of the Centers is to enhance technological innovation as provided in 
section 6(a) through the conduct of activities as provided in section 
603). The provisions of sections 6(e) and 6(f) shall apply to Centers 
established under this section. 
O
b
) PLANNING GRANTS.—The National Science Foundation is 
authorized to make available nonrenewable planning grants to 
universities or nonprofit institutions for the purpose of developing 
the plan, as described under section 6(cX3). 
(c) TERMS AND CONDITIONS.—Grants, contracts, and cooperative 
agreements entered into by the National Science Foundation in 
execution of the powers and duties of the National Science Founda-
tion under this Act shall be governed by the National Science 
42 use 1861 
Foundation Act of 1950 and other pertinent Acts. 
note. 
15 use 3708. 
SEC. 9. ADMINISTRATIVE ARRANGEMENTS. 
(a) COORDINATION.—The Secretary and the National Science Foun-
dation shall, on a continuing basis, obtain the advice and cooperation 
of departments and agencies whose missions contribute to or are 
affected by the programs established under this Act, including the 
development of an agenda for research and policy experimentation. 
These departments and agencies shall include but not be limited to 
the Departments of Defense, Energy, Education, Health and Human 
Services, Housing and Urban Development, the Environmental Pro-
tection Agency, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 
Small Business Administration, Council of Economic Advisers, Coun-
cil on Environmental Quality, and Office of Science and Technology 
Policy. 
(b) COOPERATION.—It is the sense of the Congress that departments 
and agencies, including the Federal laboratories, whose missions are 
affected by, or could contribute to, the programs established under 
this Act, should, within the limits of budgetary authorizations and 
appropriations, support or participate in activities or projects author-
ized by this Act. 
PUBLIC LAW 96-480—OCT. 21, 1980 
94 STAT. 2317 
(c) ADMINISTRATIVE AUTHORIZATION.— 
(1) Departments and agencies described in subsection (b) are 
authorized to participate in, contribute to, and serve as resources 
for the Centers and for any other activities authorized under this 
Act. 
(2) The Secretary and the National Science Foundation are 
authorized to receive moneys and to receive other forms of 
assistance from other departments or agencies to support activi-
ties of the Centers and any other activities authorized under this 
Act. 
(d) COOPERATIVE EFFORTS.—The Secretary and the National Sci-
ence Foundation shall, on a continuing basis, provide each other the 
opportunity to comment on any proposed program of activity under 
section 6, 8, or 13 of this Act before funds are committed to such 
program in order to mount complementary efforts and avoid 
duplication. 
SEC. 10. NATIONAL INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY BOARD. 
15 USC 3709. 
(a) EsTABUSHMENT.—There shall be established a committee to be 
known as the National Industrial Technology Board. 
(b) DUTIES.—The Board shall take such steps as may be necessary to 
review annually the activities of the Office and advise the Secretary 
and the Director with respect to— 
(1) the formulation and conduct of activities under section 5 of 
this title; 
(2) the designation and operation of Centers and their pro-
grams under section 6 of this Act including assistance in estab-
lishing priorities; 
(3) the preparation of the report required under section 5(d); 
and 
(4) such other matters as the Secretary or Director refers to the 
Board, including the establishment of Centers under section 8 of 
this Act, for review and advice. 
The Director shall make available to the Board such information, 
personnel, and administrative services and assistance as it may 
reasonably require to carry out its duties. The National Science 
Foundation shall make available to the Board such informadon and 
assistance as it may reasonably require to carry out its duties. 
(c) MEMBERSHIP, TERMS, AND POWERS.— 
(1) The Board shall consist of 15 voting members who shall be 
appointed by the Secretary. The Director shall serve as a nonvot-
ing member of the Board. The members of the Board shall be 
individuals who, by reason of knowledge, experience, or training 
are especially qualified in one or more of the disciplines and 
fields dealing with technology, labor, and industrial innovation 
or who are affected by technological innovation. The majority of 
the members of the Board shall be individuals from industry and 
business. 
(2) The term of office of a voting member of the Board shall be 3 
years, except that of the original appointees, five shall be 
appointed for a term of 1 year, five shall be appointed for a term 
of 2 years, and five shall be appointed for a term of 3 years. 
(3) Any individual appointed to fill a vacancy occurring before 
the expiration of the term for which his or her predecessor w£is 
appointed shall be appointed only for the remainder of such 
term. No individual may be appointed as a voting member after 
serving more than two full terms as such a member. 
94 STAT. 2318 
PUBLIC LAW 96-480—OCT. 21, 1980 
15 u s e 3710. 
Technology 
transfer. 
Waiver. 
Submittal to 
Congress. 
(4) The Board shall select a voting member to serve as the 
Chairperson and another voting member to serve as the Vice 
Chairperson. The Vice Chairperson shall perform the functions 
of the Chairperson in the absence or incapacity of the 
Chairperson. 
(5) Voting members of the Board may receive compensation at 
a daily rate for GS-18 of the General Schedule under section 5332 
of title 5, United States Code, when actually engaged in the 
performance of duties for such Board, and may be reimbursed for 
actual and reasonable expenses incurred in the performance of 
such duties. 
SEC. 11. UTILIZATION OF FEDERAL TECHNOLOGY. 
(a) POLICY.—It is the continuing responsibility of the Federal 
Government to ensure the full use of the results of the Nation's 
Federal investment in research and development. To this end the 
Federal Government shall strive where appropriate to transfer 
federally owned or originated technology to State and local govern-
ments and to the private sector. 
(b) ESTABLISHMENT OF RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY APPLICATIONS 
OFFICES.—Each Federal laboratory shall establish an Office of Re-
search and Technology Applications. Laboratories having existing 
organizational structures which perform the functions of this section 
may elect to combine the Office of Research and Technology Applica-
tions within the existing organization. The staffing and funding 
levels for these offices shall be determined between each Federal 
laboratory and the Federal agency operating or directing the labora-
tory, except that (1) each laboratory having a total annual budget 
exceeding $20,000,000 shall provide at least one professional individ-
ual full-time as staff for its Office of Research and Technology 
Applications, and (2) after September 30, 1981, each Federal agency 
which operates or directs one or more Federal laboratories shall 
make available not less than 0.5 percent of the agency's research and 
development budget to support the technology transfer function at 
the agency and at its laboratories, including support of the Offices of 
Research and Technology Applications. The agency head may waive 
the requirements set forth in (1) and/or (2) of this subsection. If the 
agency head waives either requirement (1) or (2), the agency head 
shall submit to Congress at the time the President submits the budget 
to Congress an explanation of the reasons for the waiver and 
alternate plans for conducting the technology transfer function at the 
agency. 
(c) 
FUNCTIONS OF RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY APPLICATIONS 
OFFICES.—It shall be the function of each Office of Research and 
Technology Applications— 
(1) to prepare an application Eissessment of each research and 
development project in which that laboratory is engaged which 
has potential for successful application in State or local govern-
ment or in private industry; 
(2) to provide and disseminate information on federally owned 
or originated products, processes, and services having potential 
application to State and local governments and to private 
industry; 
(3) to cooperate with and assist the Center for the Utilization of 
Federal Technology and other organizations which link the 
research and development resources of that laboratory and the 
Federal Government as a whole to potential users in State and 
local government and private industry; and 
PUBLIC LAW 96-480—OCT. 21, 1980 
94 STAT. 2319 
(4) to provide technical assistance in response to requests from 
State and local government officials. 
Agencies which have established organizational structures outside 
their Federal laboratories which have as their principal purpose the 
transfer of federally owned or originated technology to State and 
local government and to the private sector may elect to perform the 
functions of this subsection in such organizational structures. No 
Office of Research and Technology Applications or other organiza-
tional structures performing the functions of this subsection shall 
substantially compete with similar services available in the private 
sector. 
(d) CENTER FOR THE UTIUZATION OF FEDERAL TECHNOLOGY.—There Establishment. 
is hereby established in the Department of Commerce a Center for 
the Utilization of Federal Technology. The Center for the Utilization 
of Federal Technology shall— 
(1) serve as a central clearinghouse for the collection, dissemi-
nation and transfer of information on federally owned or origi-
nated technologies having potential application to State and 
local governments and to private industry; 
(2) coordinate the activities of the Offices of Research and 
Technology Applications of the Federal laboratories; 
(3) utilize the expertise and services of the National Science 
Foundation and the existing Federal Laboratory Consortium for 
Technology Transfer; particularly in dealing with State and local 
governments; 
(4) receive requests for technical assistance from State and 
local governments and refer these requests to the appropriate 
Federal laboratories; 
(5) provide funding, at the discretion of the Secretary, for 
Federal laboratories to provide the assistance specified in subsec-
tion (c)(4); and 
(6) use appropriate technology transfer mechanisms such as 
personnel exchanges and computer-based systems. 
(e) AGENCY REPORTING.—Each Federal agency which operates or 
directs one or more Federal laboratories shall prepare biennially a 
report summarizing the activities performed by that agency and its 
Federal laboratories pursuant to the provisions of this section. The 
report shall be transmitted to the Center for the Utilization of 
Federal Technology by November 1 of each year in which it is due. 
SEC. 12. NATIONAL TECHNOLOGY MEDAL. 
15 USC 3711. 
(a) EsTABUSHMENT.—There is hereby established a National Tech-
nology Medal, which shall be of such design and materials and bear 
such inscriptions as the President, on the basis of recommendations 
submitted by the Office of Science and Technology Policy, may 
prescribe. 
Qo) AWARD.—The President shall periodically award the medal, on 
the basis of recommendations received from the Secretary or on the 
basis of such other information and evidence as he deems appropri-
ate, to individuals or companies, which in his judgment are deserving 
of special recognition by reason of their outstanding contributions to 
the promotion of technology or technological manpower for the 
improvement of the economic, environmental, or social well-being of 
the United States. 
(c) PRESENTATION.—The presentation of the award shall be made by 
the President with such ceremonies as he may deem proper. 
79-194 
O—81—pt. 2 
66 : QL3 
94 STAT. 2320 
PUBLIC LAW 96-480—OCT. 21, 1980 
1
5 
use 
3
7
1
2
. 
SEC. 
1
3
. 
PERSONNEL 
EXCHANGES. 
The Secretary and the National Science Foundation, jointly, shall 
establish a program to foster the exchange of scientific and technical 
personnel among academia, industry, and Federal laboratories. Such 
program shall include both (1) federally supported exchemges and (2) 
efforts to stimulate exchanges without Federal funding. 
15 u s e 3713. 
SEC. 14. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS. 
(a) There is authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary for 
purposes of carrying out section 6, not to exceed $19,000,000 for the 
fiscal year ending September 30,1981, $40,000,000 for the fiscal year 
ending September 30, 1982, $50,000,000 for the fiscal year ending 
September 30, 1983, and $60,000,000 for each of the fiscal years 
ending September 30,1984, and 1985. 
0)) In addition to authorizations of appropriations under subsection 
(a), there is authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary for 
purposes of carrying out the provisions of this Act, not to exceed 
$5,000,000 for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1981, $9,000,000 
for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1982, and $14,000,000 for 
each of the fiscal years ending September 30, 1983, 1984, and 1985. 
(c) Such sums as may be appropriated under subsections (a) and Ot)) 
shall remain available until expended. 
(d) To enable the National Science Foundation to carry out its 
powers and duties under this Act only such sums may be appropri-
ated as the Congress may authorize by law. 
15 u s e 3714. 
SEC. 15. SPENDING AUTHORITY. 
No payments shall be made or contracts shall be entered into 
pursuant to this Act except to such extent or in such amounts as are 
provided in advance in appropriation Acts. 
Approved October 21, 1980. 
LEGISLATIVE HISTORY: 
HOUSE REPORT No. 96-1199 (Comm. on Science and Technology). 
SENATE REPORT No. 96-781 (eomm. on eommerce, Science, and Transportation). 
CONGRESSIONAL RECORD, Vol. 126 (1980): 
May 28, considered and passed Senate. 
Sept. 8, considered and passed House, amended. 
Sept. 26, Senate concurred in certain House amendments, disagreed to others, 
and concurred in remainder with amendments. 
Oct. 1, House receded from amendments in disagreement and concurred in 
Senate amendments. 
WEEKLY COMPILATION OF PRESIDENTIAL DOCUMENTS, Vol. 16, No. 43: 
Oct. 21, Presidential statement.