An Act to improve the judicial machinery in customs courts by amending the statutory provisions relating to judicial actions and administrative proceedings in customs matters, and for other purpose
PL 91-271 (S.2624), enacted 06/02/1970

274 
PUBLIC LAW 91-271-JUNE 2, 1970 
[84 STAT. 
62 Stat. 1251. 
7 u s e 1301. 
Appropriation. 
defined in section HOI (b) (10) of the Agricultural Adjustment Act 
of 1938, as amended, unless the Secretary of Agriculture calls for an 
increase in production of such commodity in the interest of national 
security. 
SFX:. 7. There is hereby authorized to be appropriated for construc-
tion of the works herein authorized the sum of $28,470,000 (July 1969 
prices), plus or minus such amounts, if any, as may be justified by 
reason of ordinary fluctuations in the costs of construction as indicated 
by engineering costs indexes applicable to the type of construction 
involved therein. There are also authorized to be appropriated such 
sums as may be required for the operation and maintenance of said 
works. 
Approved May 28 , 1970. 
June 2, 1970 
[S. 26241 
Customs courts. 
Procedural 
changes. 
Citation of title. 
Public Law 91-271 
AN ACT 
To improve the judicial machinery in customs courts by amending the statutory 
provisions relating to judicial actions and administrative proceedings in cus-
toms matters, and for other purposes. 
Be it enacted hy the Senate and Ilouae of Representatives 
of the 
United /States of America !n (Congress assemhted^ 
TITLE I—JUDICIAL ACTIONS IN CUSTOMS CASES 
SHORT TITLE 
SEC. 101. This title may be cited as ''The Customs Courts Act of 
1970"'. 
62 Stat. 942. 
APPEALS FROM CUSTOMS COURT DECISIONS—JURISDICTION 
SEC. 102. Section 1541 of title 28 of the United States Code is 
amended to read as follows: 
84 STAT. ] 
PUBLIC LAW 91-271-JUNE 2, 1970 
275 
*'§ 1541. Appeals from Customs Court decisions 
"(a) The Court of Customs and Patent Appeals has jurisdiction of 
appeals from all final judgments or orders of the United States Cus-
toms Court. 
"(b) When the chief judge of the Customs Court issues an order 
under the provisions of section 256(b) of this title; or when any 
Post, p. 211. 
judge in the Customs Court, in issuing any other interlocutory order, 
mcludes in the order a statement that a controlling question of law is 
involved as to which there is substantial ground for difference of 
opinion and that an immediate appeal from its order may materially 
advance the ultimate termination of the litigation, the Court of 
Customs and Patent Appeals may, in its discretion, permit an appeal 
to be taken from such order, if application is made to it within ten 
days after the entry of the order: Provided^ however^ That neither 
the application for nor the granting of an appeal hereunder stays 
proceedings in the Customs Court unless a stay is ordered by a judge 
of the Customs Court or by the Court of Customs and Patent Appeals 
or a judge of that court.'' 
APPEALS FROM CUSTOMS COURT DECISIONS—PROCEDURE 
SEC. 103. Section 2601 of title 28 of the United States Code is 
^2 stat. 979. 
amended to read as follows: 
"§ 2601. Appeals from Customs Court decisions 
"(a) A party may appeal to the C^ourt of Customs and Patent 
Appeals from a final judgment or order of the Customs Court within 
sixty days after entry of the judgment or order. 
"(b) An appeal is made by filing in the office of the clerk of the 
Court of Customs and Patent Appeals a notice of appeal which shall 
include a concise statement of the errors complained of. A copy of 
the notice shall be served on the adverse parties. When the United 
States is an adverse party service shall be made on the Attorney 
General and the Secretary of the Treasury or their designees. There-
upon, the Court of Customs and Patent Appeals shall order the Cus-
toms Court to transmit the record and evidence taken, together with 
either the findings of fact and conclusions of law or the opinion, as 
the case may be. 
276 
PUBLIC LAW 91-271-JUNE 2, 1970 
• 
[84 STAT. 
"(c) The Court of Customs and Patent Appeals may affirm, modify, 
vacate, set aside, or reverse any judgment or order of the Customs 
Court lawfully brought before it for review, and may remand the 
cause and direct the entry of an appropriate judgment or order, or 
require such further proceedings as may be just under the circum-
stances. The judgment or order of the Court of Customs and Patent 
Appeals shall be final and conclusive unless modified, vacated, set 
aside, reversed, or remanded by the Supreme Court under section 
62 Stat. 963. 
2106 of tMs title." 
28 use 2106. 
rREGEDEXCE OF AMERICAN MANUFAC^TURER. PRODUCER. OR WHOLESALER 
CASES 
62 Stat 980; 
SEC. 104. Sectiou 2602 of title 28 of the United States Code is 
80 Stat. 902. 
i 
i , 
i 
<
» n 
amended to read as lollows: 
"§ 2602. Precedence of American manufacturer, producer, or 
wholesaler cases 
"(a) Every proceeding in the Court of Customs and Patent Ap-
pose, p. 286. 
j)eals arising under section 516 of the Tariff Act of 1930, as amended, 
shall be given precedence over other cases on the docket of such 
e t .;«;a . 
court, except as provided for in paragraph (b) of this section, and 
shall be assigned for hearing at the earliest practicable date and ex-
pedited in every way. 
"(b) Appeals from findings by the Secretary of Commerce pro-
vided for in headnote 6 to schedule 8, part 4, of the Tariff Schedules 
80 Stat. 899. 
of the LTuited States (19 U.S.C. 1202) shall receive a preference over 
all other matters.'" 
DUTIES or CHIEF JUDGE ; PRECEDENCE OF JUDGES 
62 Stat. 900: 
SEC. 105. Scctiou 253 of title 28 of the United States Code is amended 
73 Stat. 474. 
. 
j 
j! n 
to read as follows: 
"§ 253. Duties of chief judge; precedence of judges 
"(a) The chief judge of the Customs Court, with the approval of 
the court, shall supervise the fiscal affairs and clerical force of the 
court; 
" (b) The chief judge shall promulgate dockets. 
"'(c) The chief judge, under rules of the court, may designate any 
judge or judges of the court to try any case and, when the circum-
stances so warrant, reassign the case to another judge or judges. 
"(d) Whenever the chief judge is unable to perform the duties of 
his office or the office is vacant, his powers and duties shall devolve 
upon the judge next in precedence who is able to act, until such dis-
ability is removed or another chief judge is appointed and duly 
qualified. 
"(e) The chief judge shall have precedence and shall preside at any 
session which he attends. Other judges shall have precedence and 
shall preside according to the seniority of their commissions. Judges 
whose commissions bear the same date shall have precedence accord-
ing to seniority in age." 
84 STAT. ] 
PUBLIC LAW 91-271-JUNE 2, 1970 
277 
SINGLE-JUDGE 
TRIALS 
SF.C. 106. Section 254 of title 28 of the United States Code is amended 
62 stat. 900. 
to read as follows: 
"§254. Single-judge trials 
"pjxcept as otherwise provided in section 255 of this title, the intra. 
judicial power of the Customs Court with respect to any action, suit 
or proceeding shall be exercised by a single judge, who may preside 
alone and hold a regular or special session of court at the same time 
other sessions are held by other judges." 
PUBLICATION OF DECISIONS 
SEC. 107. Section 255 of title 28 of the United States Code is 
redesignated as section 257 and is amended to read as follows: 
"§ 257. Publication of decisions 
"All decisions of the Customs Court shall be preserved and open to 
inspection. The court shall forward copies of each decision to the 
Secretary of the Treasury or his designee and to the appropriate cus-
toms officer for the district in which the case arose. The Secretary shall 
publish weekly such decisions as he or the court may designate and 
abstracts of all other decisions." 
THREE-JUDGE TRIALS 
SEC. 108. There shall be a new section 255 of title 28 of the United 
States Code as follows: 
' § 255. Three-judge trials 
"(a) Upon application of any party to a civil action, or upon his 
own initiative, the chief judge of the Customs Court shall designate 
any three judges of the court to hear and determine any civil action 
which the chief judge finds: (1) raises an issue of the constitutionality 
of an Act of Congress, a proclamation of the President or an Executive 
order; or (2) has broad or significant implications in the administra-
tion or interpretation of the customs laws. 
"(b) A majority of the three judges designated may hear and de-
termine the civil action and all questions pending therein." 
TRIALS AT PORTS OTHER T H A N NEW YORK 
SEC. 109. There shall be a new section 256 of title 28 of the United 
States Code as follows: 
"§256. Trials at ports other than New York 
"(a) The chief judge may designate any judge or judges of the 
court to proceed, together with necessary assistants, to any port or to 
any place within the jurisdiction of the United States to preside at 
a trial or hearing at the port or place. 
"(b) ITpon application of a party or upon his own initiative, and 
upon a showing that the interests of economy, efficiency, and justice 
will be served, the chief judge may issue an order authorizing a judge 
of the court to preside in an evidentiary hearing in a foreign country 
whose laws do not prohibit such a hearing: Provided., however., That 
an interlocutory appeal may be taken from such an order pursuant 
to the provisions of section 1541(b) of this title, subject to the discre- 
^"'^' P- 275. 
tion of the Court of Customs and Patent Appeals as set forth in that 
section." 
67 Stat. 519. 
19 u s e 1520 
278 
PUBLIC L
A
W 91-271-JUNE 2, 1970 
[84 STAT. 
JURISDICTION OF T H E CUS1X)MS COURT 
62 Stat. 943. 
^^^^ jj,)^ Sectioii 1582 of title 28 of the United States Code is 
iuiiended to read as follows: 
"§ 1582. Jurisdiction of the Customs Court 
"(a) The Customs Court shall have exclusive jurisdiction of civil 
actions instituted by any person wliose protest pursuant to the Tarifi' 
46 Stat. 590. 
Xdt of 1980, as amended, has been denied, in whole or in part, by the 
appropriate customs officer, where the administrative decision, includ-
ing the legality of all orders and findings entering into the same, 
involves: (1) the appraised value of merchandise; (2) the classifica-
tion and rate and amount of duties chargeable; (3) all charges or 
exactions of whatever character within the jurisdiction of tlie Secre-
tary of the Treasury; (4) the exclusion of merchandise from entry or 
delivery under any provisions of the customs laws; (5) the liquidation 
or reliquidation of an entry, or a modification thereof; (6) the refusal 
to pay a claim for drawback; or (7) the refusal to reliquidate an entry 
52. Stat. 1086; 
under section 520(c) of the Tariff Act of 1930, as amended. 
"(b) The Customs Court slui'l have exclusive jurisdiction of civil 
actions brought by American manufacturers, producers, or wholesalers 
Post, p. 286. 
pursuant to section 516 of the Tariff* Act of 1930, as amended. 
"(c) The Customs Court shall not have jurisdiction of an action 
unless (1) either a protest has been filed, as prescribed by section 514 
Post, p. 284. 
of f]^Q Tariff Act of 1930, as amended, and denied in accordance with 
Post, p. 285. 
xhe provisions of i-ection 515 of the Tariff' Act of 1930, as amended, or 
if the action relates to a decision under section 516 of the Tariff' Act of 
1930, as amended, all remedies prescribed therein have been exhausted, 
and (2) except in the case of an action relating to a decision under 
recti(;n 516 of the Tariff Act of 1930, as amended, all liquidated duties, 
charges or exactions have been paid at the time the action is filed. 
Single civil 
'^(d) Only one civil action may be brought in the Customs Couit 
to contest the denial of a single protest. However, any number of 
entries of merchandise involving common ij^sues may he included in 
a single civil action. Actions may be consolidated by order of the court 
or by request of the parties, with approval of the court, if there are 
common issues."" 
REPEAL OF SFX^TIOX ir,S.'! 
REVIEW OF DECISIONS ON PROTESTS 
62 Stat. 943. 
SEC. 111. Sectiou 1583 of title 28 of the United States Code is 
rej^ealed. 
TIME FOR C O M M E N C E M E N T OF ACTION 
SKC. 112. Section 2631 of title 28 of the United States Code is 
amended to read as follows: 
"§ 2631. Time for commencement of action 
"(a) An action over which the court has jurisdiction under section 
^"P'^' 
1582(a) of this title is barred unless commenced within one hundred 
and eighty days after: 
"(1) the date of mailing of notice of denial, in whole or in part, 
of a protest pursuant to the provisons of section 515(a) of the 
Post, p. 285. 
rj,^^^^ j ^ ^ ^ ^^ ^g^Q^ ^g amended; or 
" (2) the date of denial of a protest by operation of law pursuant 
to the provisions of section 515(b) of the Tariff Act of 1930, as 
amended. 
action 
84 STAT. ] 
PUBLIC LAW 91-271-JUNE 2, 1970 
'279 
Ante, p. 278. 
Post, p. 286. 
"(b) An action over which the court has jurisdiction under section 
1582(b) of this title is barred unless commenced within thirty days 
after the date of mailing of a notice sent pursuant to section 516 (c) of 
the Tariff Act of 1930, as amended." 
^°^'' P- ^se. 
CUSTOMS COURT PROCEDURE AND FEES 
SEC. 118. Section 2632 of title 28 of the United States Code is 
62 stat. 98o. 
amended to read as follows: 
"§ 2632. Customs Court procedure and fees 
"(a) A party may contest denial of a protest under section 515 of 
the Tariff Act of 1930, as amended, or the decision of the Secretary 
^°s'' P- 285. 
of the Treasury made under section 516 of the Tariff Act of 1930, as 
amended, by bringing a civil action in the Customs Court. A civil 
action shall be commenced by filing a summons in the form, manner, 
and style and with the content prescribed in rules adopted by the 
court. 
"(b) There shall be a filing fee payable upon commencing an action. 
FiUng fee. 
The amount of the fee shall be fixed by the Customs Court but shall 
be not less than $5 nor more than the filing fee for commencing a 
civil action in a United States district court. The Customs Court may 
fix all other fees to be charged by the clerk of the court. 
"(c) The (^ustoms Court shall provide by rule for pleadings and 
other pai>ers, for their amendment, service, and filing, for consolida-
tions, severances, and suspensions of cases, and for other procedural 
matters. 
""(d) The Customs Court, by rule, may consider any new ground in 
support of a civil action if the new ground (1) applies to the same 
merchandise that was the subject of the protest; and (2) is related 
to the same administrative decision or decisions listed in section 514 
of the Tariff Act of 1930, as amended, that were contested in the 
^°«f' P- 284. 
I)rotest. 
''(e) All pleadings and other papers filed in the Customs Court shall 
be served on all the adverse parties in accordance with the rules of the 
court, AVhen the United States is an adverse party, service of the sum-
mons shall be made on the Attorney General and the Secretary of the 
Treasury or their designees. 
"(f) T'pon service of the summons on the Secretary of the Treasury 
or his designee, the appropriate customs officer shall forthwith trans-
mit the following items, if they exist, to the United States Customs 
Court as part of the official record of the civil action: (1) consumption 
or other entry; (2) commercial invoice; (3) special Customs invoice; 
(4) copy of protest; (5) copy of denial of protest in whole or in part; 
(6) importer's exhibits; (7) official samples; (8) any official laboratory 
rejwrts; and (9) the summary sheet. If any of the aforesaid items do 
not exist in the particular case, an affirmative statement to that effect 
shall be transmitted as part of the official record." 
P R E C E D E N C E 
O F AMERICAN MANUFACTURER, PHODI'CER. OR WHOLESALER 
CASES 
SEC. 114. Section 2633 of ttile 28 of the United States Code is 
amended to read as follows: 
"§2633. Precedence of American manufacturer, producer, or 
wholesaler cases 
"Every proceeding in the Customs Court arising under section 516 
of the Tariff Act of 1930, as amended, shall be given precedence over 
other cases on the dwket of the court, and shall be assigned for hearing 
and trial at the earliest practicable date and expedited in every way." 
47-348 O - 72 - 22 (Pt. 1) 
Service of 
summons. 
280 
PUBLIC LAW 91-271-JUNE 2, 1970 
[84 STAT. 
62 Stat. 981. 
NOTICE 
SEC. 115. Section 2634 of title 28 of the United States Code is 
amended to read as follows: 
. i , - 
. 
"§2634. Notice 
''Reasonable notice of the time and place of trial before a judge of 
the Customs Court shall be given to all parties to any proceeding, 
under rules prescribed by the court." 
BURDEN OF PROOF; EVIDENCE OF VALUE 
SEC. 116. Section 2635 of title 28 of the United States Code is 
amended to read as follows: 
"§ 2635. Burden of proof; evidence of value 
"In any matter in the Customs Court: 
"(a) The decision of the Secretary of the Treasury, or his delegate, 
is presumed to be correct. The burden to prove otherwise shall rest 
upon the party challenging a decision. 
"(b) Where the value of merchandise is in issue: 
*'(1) Reports or depositions of consuls, customs officers, and other 
officers of the United States and depositions and affidavits of other 
persons whose attendance cannot reasonably be had, may be admitted 
in evidence when served upon the opposing party in accordance with 
the rules of the court. 
"'(2) Price lists and catalogs may be admitted in evidence when 
duly authenticated, relevant, and material. 
"(c) The value of merchandise shall be determined from the evi-
dence in the record and that adduced at the trial whether or not 
tlie merchandise or samples thereof are available for examination." 
ANALYSIS OF IMPORITSD MERCHANDISE 
'' 
' * 
SEC. 117. Section 2636 of title 28 of the United States Code is 
amended to read as follows: 
"§ 2636. Analysis of imported merchandise 
"A judge of the Customs Court may order an analysis of imported 
merchandise and reports thereon by laboratories or agencies of the 
United States." 
WITNESSES; INSPECTION OF DOCUMENTS 
SEC. 118. Section 2637 of title 28 of the United States Code is 
amended to read as follows: 
"§2637. Witnesses; inspection of documents 
"(a) In any proceeding in the Customs Court, under rules pre-
scribed by the court, the parties and their attorneys shall have an 
opportunity to introduce evidence, to hear and cross-examine the wit-
nesses of the other party, and to inspect all samples and all papers 
admitted or offered as evidence, except as provided in subsection (b) 
of this section. 
"(b) In an action instituted by an American manufacturer, pro-
ducer, or wholesaler, the plaintiff' nuiy not inspect any documents or 
papers of a consignee or miporter disclosing any information which 
the Customs Court deems unnecessary or improper to be disclosed." 
(t .m ss • £
V - c .i^^-f!> 
84 STAT. ] 
PUBLIC LAW 91-271-JUNE 2, 1970 
^581 
DECISIONS; FINDINGS OF FACT AND CONCLUSIONS 
OF LAW; 
EFFECT OF 
OPINIONS 
S m 119. Section 2638 of title 28 of the United States Code is 
^^ stat. 982. 
amended to read as follows: 
"§2638. Decisions; findings of fact and conclusions of law; eifect 
of opinions 
"(a) A decision of the judge in a contested case shall be supported 
by either (1) a statement of findings of fact and conclusions of law, or 
(2) an opinion stating the reasons and facts upon which the decision 
is based. 
" (b) The decision of the judge is final and conclusive, unless a retrial 
or rehearing is granted pursuant to section 2689 of this title or an 
^"^'•a-
appeal is made to the Court of Customs and Patent Appeals within 
the time and in the manner provided in section 2601 of this title." 
^"'e, p. 275. 
RETRIAL OR REHEARING 
SEC. 120. Section 2639 of title 28 of the United Stat-es Code is 
amended to read as follows: 
"§2639. Retrial or rehearing 
"The judge who has rendered a judgment or order may, upon 
motion of a party or upon his own motion, grant a retrial or a rehear-
ing, as the case may be. A party's motion must be made or the judge's 
action on his own motion must be taken, not later than thirty days 
after entry of the judgment or order." 
REPEAL OF S E C T I O N S 264 0. 2 0 4 1 . 2 6 4 2 
KEHEARIN(} OR RETRIAL; FRIVOLOUS 
PROTEST OR A P P E A L ; AMENDMENT OF PROTESTS, APPEAI.S. AND PLEAD-
INGS 
SEC. 121. Sections 2640, 2641, and 2642 of title 28 of the United 
States Code are repealed. 
62 stat. 982; 
63 Stat. 106. 
EFFECTIVE DATE 
SEC. 122. (a) This title shall become effective on October 1, 1970, 
and shall thereafter apply to all actions and proceedings in the Cus-
toms Court and the Court of Customs and Patent Appeals except those 
involving merchandise entered before the effective date for which 
trial has commenced by such effective date. 
(b) An appeal for reappraisement timely filed with the Bureau of 
Customs before the effective date, but as to v.iiich trial has not com-
menced by such date, shall be deemed to have had a summons timely 
and properly filed under this title. When the judgment or order of 
the United States Customs Court has become final in this appeal, the 
papers shall be returned to the appropriate customs officer to decide any 
remaining matters relating to the entry in accordance with section 
500 of the Tariff Act of 1930, as amended. A protest or summons filed Post, p. 283. 
after final decision on an appeal for reappraisement shall not include 
issues vrhich were raised or could have been raised on the appeal for 
reappraisement. 
(c) A protest timely filed with the Bureau of Customs before the 
effective date of enactment of this Act, which is disallowed before that 
date, and as to which trial has not commenced by such date, shall be 
deemed to have had a summons timely and properly filed under this 
title. 
(d) All other provisions of this Act shall apply to appeals and dis-
allowed protests deemed to have had summonses timely and properly 
filed under this section. 
282 
PUBLIC LAW 91-271-JUNE 2, 1970 
[84 STAT. 
MISCELLANEOUS 
AMENDMENTS 
SEC. 123. (a) The analysis of chapter 11 of title 28 of the United 
62 Stat. 899. 
States Code, immediately preceding section 251 of such title, is amended 
by striking the caption of section 254 and substituting therefor the 
caption, "Single-judge trial.", by striking the caption of section 255 and 
substituting therefor the caption "Three-judge trials." and by add-
ing the following captions at the end of the analysis of that chapter: 
"256. Trials at ports other than New York. 
••257. Publication of decisions." 
62 Stat. 942. 
(b) The aualysls of chapter 93 of title 28 of the United States Code, 
immediately preceding section 1541 of such title is amended by striking 
the caption of section 1541 and substituting the caption "Appeals from 
Customs Court decisions." 
6
2 Stat. 943. 
(c) Tlic aualysis of chapter 95 of title 28 of the United States Code, 
immediately jjreceding section 1581 of such title, is amended to read 
as follows: 
,. 
. , , 
"Sec. 
/ . , ; • 
•!... ^^: ,.!,,-, '.. 
"1581. Powers generally. 
"1.582. Jurisdiction of the Customs Court." 
(d) The analysis of chapter 167 of title 28 of the United States 
62 Stat. 979. 
Qode, immediately preceding section 2601, is amended to read as 
follows: 
'•.Sec. 
•'2601. Appeals from Customs Court decisions. 
"2602. Precedence of American manufacturer, producer, or wholesaler cases." 
(e) The analysis of chapter 169 of title 28 of the United States 
63^stat^\"o6^°* 
Code, immediately preceding section 2631 of such title is amended to 
read as follows: 
"Sec. 
•'2631. Time for commencement of action. 
' ' 
' '• " 
"2632. Customs Court procedures and fees. 
"2633. Precedence of American manufacturer, producer, or wholesaler cases. 
"2634. Notice. 
"2635. Burden of proof; evidence of value. 
"2636. Analysis of imported merchandise. 
•'2637. Witnesses ; insijection of documents. 
"2638. Decisions; tindings of fact and conclusions of law; effect of opinions. 
"2639. Retrial or rehearing." 
TITLE II—ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEEDINGS IN 
CUSTOMS MATTERS 
SHORT TITLE 
Citation o
f titles. 
§£(.. 201. Titles I I aud I I I of this Act may be cited as "The Cus-
toms Administrative Act of 1970'". 
AMENDMENT OF SECTIONS 
SEC. 202.1'nless otherwise provided, whenever in this Act an amend-
ment or repeal is expressed in terms of an amendment to, or repeal 
of, a section or i)rovision of the Tariff Act, the reference shall be con-
sidered to be made to a section or provision of the Tariff Act of 1930, 
46 Stat. 590. 
asamended (19 U.S.C. 1202 et seq.). 
19 u s e 1654. 
^ 
^ ' 
84 STAT. ] 
PUBLIC LAW 91-271-JUNE 2, 1970 
283 
EFFECTIVE DATE 
SEC. m). Titles I I and I I I of tliis Act shall take effect with respect 
to aiiicles entered, or withdrawn from warehouse for consumption, 
on or after ()ctol;)er 1, 1970, and such other articles entered or with-
drawn from warehouse for consumption prior to such date, the 
ai)j)raiKement of which has not become final before October 1, 1970, and 
for which an appeal for reappraisement has not been timely filed 
with the Bureau of Customs before October 1, 1970, or with respect to 
whicli a protest has not been disallowed in whole or in part before 
October 1,1970. 
APPKAISEMEKT, CLASSIFICATION. AND LIQUIDATION PROCEDURF^S; 
COLLECTIONS AND REFUNDS; 
LIMITATIONS 
SEC. '2(n. (a) Section 500 of the Tariff Act (19 U.S.C. 1500) is 
46 stat. 729. 
hereby amended to read as follows: 
"SEC. 500. APPRAISEMENT, (YASSIFICATION, AND LIQUIDATION PRO-
CEDURES.— 
"The api)ropriate customs officer shall, under rules and regulations 
prescribed by the Secretary— 
"(a) appraise merchandise in the unit of quantity in which 
the merchandise is usually bought and sold by ascertaining or esti-
mating the value thereof by all reasonable ways and means in his 
power, any statement of cost or costs of production in any invoice, 
affidavit, declaration, or other document to the contrary notwith-
standing ; 
"(b) ascertain the classification and rate of duty applicable to 
su?li merchandise; 
"(c) fix the amount of duty to be paid on such merchandise 
and determine any increased or additi(mal duties due or any 
excess of duties deposited; 
"(d) liquidate the entry of such merchandise; and 
"(e) give notice of such liquidation to the importer, his con-
signee, or agent in such form and manner as the Secretary shall 
prescribe in such regulations." 
(b) Section 488 of the Tariff Act (19 U.S.C. 1488) is repealed. 
R^^p^^i- ^^5 
(c) Section 505 of the Tariff Act (19 LLS.C. 1505) is amended to 46 stat.' 732.' 
read as follows: 
"SEC. 505. PAYMENT OF DUTIES.— 
"(a) DEPOSIT OF ESTIMATED DUTIES.—L^nless merchandise is en-
tered for warehouse or transportation, or under bond, the consignee 
shall deposit with the appropriate customs officer at the time of mak-
ing entry the amount of duties estimated by such customs officer to 
be payable thereon. 
"(b) COLLECTION OR REFUND.—The appropriate customs officer shall 
collect any increased or additional duties due or refund any excess 
of duties deposited as determined on a liquidation or reliquidation." 
REPEAL OF SEPARATE APPRAISEMENT PROCEDURE ; 
VOLUNTARY RELIQUIDATIONS 
SEC. 205. Section 501 of the Tariff Act (19 U.S.C. 1501) is amended 
46 stat. 730; 
to read as follows: 
67 stat. 517. 
"SEC. 501. VOLUNTARY RELiQi'iDA'noNS.— 
"A liquidation made in accordance with section 500 or any reliquida- supra. 
tion thereof made in accordance with this section may be reliquidated 
in any respect by the appropriate customs officer on his own initiative, 
notwithstanding the filing of a protest, within ninety days from 
2B4 
PUBLIC LAW 91-271-JUNE 2, 1970 
[84 STAT. 
Ante, p. 283. 
tlie date on which notice of the original liquidation is given to the 
importer, his consignee or agent. Notice of such reliquidation shall 
be given in the manner prescribed with respect to original liquida-
tions under section 500(e)." 
46 Stat. 731; 
67 Stat. 518. 
Post, p. 287. 
46 Stat. 745; 
52 Stat. 1088; 
67 Stat. 518. 
19 u s e 1562. 
46 Stat. 734. 
Ante, p . 283. 
Post, p. 286. 
67 Stat. 519. 
19 u s e 1520. 
46 Stat. 739. 
19 u s e 1521. 
Ante, p . 278. 
DUTIABLE VALUE 
SEC. 206. Section 503 of the Tariff Act (19 U.S.C. 1503) is amended 
to read as follows: 
"SEC. 503. DUTIABLE VALUE.— 
"Except as provided in section 520(c) (relating to reliquidations on 
the basis of authorized corrections of errors) or section 562 (relating 
to withdrawal from manipulating warehouses) of this Act, the basis 
for the assessment of duties on imported merchandise subject to ad 
valorem rates of duty or rates based upon or regulated in any manner 
by the value of the merchandise, shall be the appraised value deter-
mined upon liquidation, in accordance with section 500 or any ad-
justment thereof made pursuant to section 501 of the Tariff Act: 
Provided^ hoivever, That if reliquidation is required pursuant to a 
final judgment or order of the United States Customs Court which 
includes a reappraisement of imported merchandise, the basis for 
such assessment shall be the final appraised value determined by 
such court." 
PROTESTS 
SEC. 207. Section 514 of the Tariff Act (19 U.S.C. 1514) is amended 
to read as follows: 
"SEC. 514. FINALITY OF DECISIONS ; PROTESTS.— 
" (a) FINALITY or DECISIONS.—Except as provided in section 501 (re-
lating to voluntary reliquidations), section 516 (relating to petitions 
by American manufacturers, producers, and wholesalers), section 520 
(relating to refunds and errors), and section 521 (relating to reliquida-
tions on account of fraud) of this Act, decisions of the appropriate cus-
toms officer, including the legality of all orders and findings entering 
into the same, as to— 
" (1) the appraised value of merchandise; 
" (2) the classification and rate and amount of duties chargeable; 
"(3) all charges or exactions of whatever character within the 
jurisdiction of the Secretary of the Treasury; 
" (4) the exclusion of merchandise from entry or delivery under 
any provision of the customs laws; 
"(5) the liquidation or reliquidation of an entry, or any modi-
fication thereof; 
" (6) the refusal to pay a cl aim for drawback; and 
"(7) the refusal to reliquidato an entry under section 520(c) 
of this Act, 
shall be final and conclusive upon all persons (including the United 
States and any officer thereof) unless a protest is filed in accordance 
with this section, or unless a civil action contesting the denial of a pro-
test, in whole or in part, is commenced in the United States Customs 
Court in accordance with section 2632 of title 28 of the Imited States 
Code within tl.e time prescribed by section 2631 of that title. When a 
judgment or order of the TTnited States Customs Court has become 
final, the papers transmitted shall be returned, together with a copy 
<)f the judgment or order to the appropriate customs officer, who shall 
take action accordingly. 
"(b) 
PROI-ESTS.— 
"(1) I N GENERAL.—A protest of a decision under subsection (a) 
shall be filed in writing with the appropriate customs officer designated 
84 STAT. ] 
PUBLIC LAW 91-271-JUNE 2, 1970 
285 
in regulations prescribed by the Secretary, setting forth distinctly and 
specifically each decision described in subsection (a) as to which pro-
test is made; each category of merchandise affected by each such deci-
sion as to which protest is made; and the nature of each objection 
and reasons therefor. Only one protest may be filed for each entry of 
merchandise, except that where the entry covers merchandise of differ-
ent categories, a separate protest may be filed for each category. In 
addition, separate protests filed by different authorized persons with 
respect to any one category of merchandise that is the subject of a 
protest are deemed to be part of a single protest. A protest may be 
amended, under regulations prescribed by the Secretary, to set forth 
,^ ''',;;^^ , 
objections as to a decision or decisions described in subsection (a) 
Avhich were not the subject of the original protest, in the form and 
manner prescribed for a protest, any time prior to the expiration of 
the time in which such protest could have been filed under this section. 
Xew grounds in support of objections raised by a valid protest or 
amendment thereto may be presented for consideration in connection 
with the review of such protest pursuant to section 515 of this Act at 
mfra. 
any time prior to the disposition of the protest in accordance with 
that section. Except as otherwise provided in section 557(b) of this 
Act, protests mny be filed by the importer, consignee, or any authorized 
^°®'' P* ^^°-
agent of the person paying any charge or exaction, or filing any claim 
for drawback, or seeking entry or delivery, with respect to mer-
chandise which is the subject of a decision in subsection (a). 
"(2) TIME FOR FILING.—A protest of a decision, order, or finding 
described in subsection (a) shall be filed with such customs officer 
within ninety davs after but not before— 
"(A) notice of liquidation or reliquidation, or 
"(B) in circumstances where subparagraph (A) is inappli-
cable, the date of the decision as to which protest is made. 
"(c) LIMITATION ON PROTEST or REIJQUIDATIONS.—The reliquida-
tion of an entry shall not open such entry so that a protest may be filed 
against the decision of the customs officer upon any question not 
involved in such reliquidation.'' 
REVIEW OF PROTESTS 
SEC. 208. Section 515 of the Tariff Act (19 U.S.C. 1515) is amended 
46 stat. 734. 
to read as follows: 
"SEC. 
515. REVIEW OF PROTESTS.— 
"(a) 
ADMINISTRATIVE REVIEW AND MODIFICATION or DECISIONS.— 
Unless a request for an accelerated disposition of a protest is filed in 
accordance with subsection (b) of this section the appropriate customs 
officer, within two years from the date a protest was filed in accordance 
with section 514 of this Act, shall review^ the protest and shall allow 
Ante, p. 284. 
or deny such protest in whole or in part. Thereafter, any duties, 
charge, or exaction found to have been assessed or collected in excess 
shall be remitted or refunded and any drawback found due shall be 
paid. Upon the request of the protesting party, filed within the time 
allowed for the filing of a protest under section 514 of this Act, a pro-
test may be subject to further review by another appropriate customs 
officer, under the circumstances and in the form and manner that may 
be prescribed by the Secretary in regulations, but subject to the two-
year limitation prescribed in the first sentence of this subsection. 
Notice of the denial of any protest shall be mailed in the form and 
manner prescribed by the Secretary. 
"(b) 
REQUEST F
O
R ACC^XERATED DISPCSITION OF PROTEST.—A request 
for accelerated disposition of a protest filed in accordance with sec-
tion 514 of this Act may be mailed by certified or registered mail to the 
286 
PUBLIC LAW 91-271-JUNE 2, 1970 
[84 STAT. 
appropriate customs officer any time after ninety days following the 
filing of such protest. For purposes of section 1582 of title 28 of the 
Ante, p. 278. 
United States Code, a protest which has not been allowed or denied in 
whole or in part within thirty days following the date of mailing by 
certified or registered mail of a request for accelerated disposition shall 
be deemed denied on the thirtieth day following mailing of such 
request." 
PETITIONS BY AMERICAN MANUFACTURERS, PRODUCERS, OR WHOLESALERS 
46 Stat. 735; 
SEC. 209. Sectlon 516 of the Tariff Act (19 U.S.C. 1516) is amended 
52 Stat. 1084. 
to read as follows: 
"SEC. 516. PETITIONS BY AMERICAN MANUFACTURERS, PRODUCERS, OR 
WHOLESALERS—VALUE AND CLASSIFICATION.— 
"'(a) The Secretary shall, upon written request by an American 
manufacturer, producer, or wholesaler, furnish the classification, and 
the rate of duty, if any, imposed upon designated imported merchan-
dise of a class or kind manufactured, produced, or sold at wholesale 
by him. If such manufacturer, producer, or wholesaler believes that 
the appraised value is too low^, that the classification is not correct, 
or that the proper rate of duty is not being assessed, he may file a peti-
tion with the Secretary setting forth (1) a description of the mer-
chandise, (2) the appraised value, the classification, or the rate or 
rates of duty that he believes proper, and (3) the reasons for his belief. 
"(b) If, after receipt and consideration of a petition filed by an 
American manufacturer, producer, or wholesaler, the Secretary decides 
that the appraised value of the merchandise is too low, or that the 
classification of the article or rate of duty assessed thereon is not 
correct, he shall determine the proper appraised value or classifica-
tion or rate of duty, and notify the petitioner of his determination. 
All such merchandise entered for consumption or withdrawn from 
warehouse for consumption more than thirty days after the date such 
notice to the petitioner is published in the weekly Customs Bulletin 
shall be appraised or classified or assessed as to rate of duty in accord-
ance with the Secretary's determination. 
"(c) If the Secretary decides that the appraised value or classifi-
cation of the articles or the rate of duty with respect to which a peti-
tion was filed pursuant to subsection (a) is correct, he shall so inform 
the petitioner. If dissatisfied with the decision of the Secretary, the 
petitioner may file with the Secretary, not later than thirty days after 
the date of the decision, notice that he desires to contest the appraised 
value or classification of, or rate or duty assessed upon, the merchan-
dise. Upon receipt of notice from the petitioner, the Secretary shall 
cause publication to be made of his decision as to the proper appraised 
value or classification or rate of duty and of the petitioner's desire 
to contest, and shall thereafter furnish the petitioner with such in-
formation as to the entries and consignees of such merchandise, entered 
after the publication of the decision of the Secretary at such ports 
of entry designated by the petitioner in his notice of desire to contest, 
as will enable the petitioner to contest the appraised value or classi-
fication of, or rate of duty imposed upon, such merchandise in the 
liquidation of one such entry at such port. The Secretary shall direct 
the appropriate customs officer at such ports to notify the petitioner by 
mail immediately when the first of such entries is liquidated. 
"(d) Notwithstanding the filing of an action pursuant to sec-
Ante, p. 279. 
tion 26.32 of title 28 of the United States (^ode, merchandise of the 
character covered by the i)ublished decision of the Secretary (when 
entered for con umption or withdrawn from warehouse for consump-
tion on or before the date of publication of a decision of the United 
84 STAT. ] 
PUBLIC LAW 91-271-JUNE 2, 1970 
287 
States Customs Court or of tlie L^nited States Court of (\istoms and 
l^atent Appeals, not in harmony with the published decision of the 
Secretary) shall be appraised or classified, or both, and the entries 
li(piidated, in accordance with the decision of the Secretary and, except 
as otlierwise ])rovided in this chapter, the final liquidations of these 
entries shall be conclusive upon all parties. 
''(e) The consig:nee or his a^ent shall have the ri^-ht to ai)pear and 
to he heard as a party in interest before the I'nited States Customs 
Court. 
''(f) If the cause of action is sustained in whole or in part by a 
decision of the United States Customs Court or of the United States 
(^ourt of Customs and Patent Appeals, merchandise of the character 
covered by the published decision of the Secretary, which is entered 
for consumption or withdrawn from warehouse for consumption after 
the date of publication of the court decision, shall be subject to 
api)raisement, classification, and assessment of duty in accordance 
with the final judicial decision in the action, and the liquidation of 
entries covering the merchandise so entered or withdrawn shall be 
suspended until final disposition is made of the action, whereupon the 
entries shall be liquidated, or if necessary, reliquidated in accordance 
with the final decision. 
'"(g) Reofulations shall be prescribed by the Secretary to implement 
the i)rocedures required under this section.*' 
REFUNDS AND ERRORS 
SEC. ^>l(). Section rr20(c) of the Tarifi' Act (19 U.S.C. 1520(c)) is 
52 stat. io86; 
amended b y - 
67 stat. 519. 
(a) striking the words '"the Secretary of the Treasury may 
authorize a collector to" and substituting the words "the appro-
priate customs officer may, in accordance Avith regulations pre-
scribed by the Secretary,"; 
(b) strikiujj the word "appraisement," wherever it appears 
in parao-raph (1) ; and 
(c) deletiufr "sixty" and substituting "ninety" and deleting 
"ten'" and substituting "nine" in paragraph (1). 
TITLE III—MISCELLAXEOrS AMENDMENTS 
T E C I I X i r A l . AXD COXFORMING AMENDMENTS 
SEC. 301. The Tariff Act of 1930, as amended (19 U.S.C. ch. 4), is 
46 stat. 590. 
further amended as follows: 
^^ ^^^ ''''• 
{a) Section 305 (19 U.S.C. 1305) is amended by— 
46 stat. 688. 
(1) striking the word "collector" in the first paragraph and in-
serting in lieu thereof "appropriate customs officer"; and 
(2) striking the term "the collector" where it first appears in 
the second paragraph and inserting in lieu thereof "the appro-
l)riate customs officer" and by striking the term "the collector" 
wherever it thereafter appears in the paragraph and inserting in 
lieu thereof '"such customs officer". 
(b) Sections 311, 315, 432, 434, 438, 441, 443-447, 449-450, 452-455, 
457, 485, 490, 492, 496, 521, 555, 562, 584, 586, 609, 613, and 614 (19 
U.S.(\ 1311, 1315, 1432, 1434, 1438, 1441,1443-1447, 1449-1450, 1452-
1455, 1457, 1485, 1490, 1492, 1496, 1521, 1555, 1562, 1584, 1586, 1609, 
1613, and 1614) are amended by striking the word "collector" wherever 
^^ stat. sos; 
it appears in the sections and inserting in lieu thereof "appropriate 
customs officer". 
Ante, p. 284. 
288 
PUBLIC LAW 91-271-JUNE 2, 1970 
[84 STAT. 
49*sta!? 52?.*' 
(^) Scctioii 401 (10 U.S.C. 1401) is amended by— 
1
9 use 1401. 
(1) striking subsections (h), (i),and (j); 
(2) redesignating subsections (k), (1), (m), and (n) as sub-
sections (h), (i), (j), and (k), respectively, and amending redes-
ignated subsection (i) to read as follows: 
cu'It^^ms"^" °^ ^^^ 
" (i) OFFICER OF THE CUSTOMS : CUSTOMS OFFICER.—The terms 'officer 
"custom's officer." of the customs' and 'customs officer' mean any officer of the Bureau of 
Customs of the Treasury Department (also hereinafter referred to as 
the 'Customs Service') or any commissioned, warrant, or petty officer 
of the Coast Guard, or any agent or other person authorized by law 
or designated by the Secretary of the Treasury to perform any duties 
of an officer of the Customs Service." 
(3) adding a new subsection (1) to read as follows: 
"Secretary." 
u^j^ SECRETARY.—Tile temi 'Secretary' means the Secretary of the 
Treasury or his delegate.'' 
70 Stat. 943. 
(^j) Sectioii 4()2a (19 U.S.C. 1402) is amended by— 
(1) striking the word "appraiser" wherever it appears in the 
section and inserting in lieu thereof "appropriate customs officer"; 
and 
(2) striking the word "APPRAISER'S" in the heading of subsec-
tion (b) and inserting in lieu thereof "CUSTOMS OFFICER'S". 
(8) striking the words "subject to review in reappraisement 
l)roceedings under section 501" and inserting in lieu thereof 
"subject to protest in accordance with section 514". 
(e) Sections 448, 498, and 608 (19 U.S.C. 1448, 1493, and 1608) are 
amended by striking the term "the collector" where it first appears in 
each section and inserting in lieu thereof "the appropriate customs 
officer" and by striking the term "the collector" wherever it thereafter 
appears in each section and inserting in lieu thereof "such customs 
officer". 
(f) Section 451 (19 U.S.C. 1451) is amended by— 
(1) striking the word "collector'' where it appears the first time 
in the section and inserting in lieu thereof "appropriate customs 
officer''; 
(2) striking out the word "collector" where it appears the 
second time in the section and inserting in lieu thereof "such cus-
toms officer"; and 
(3) striking the word "collector" where it appears the third 
time in the section and inserting in lieu thereof "appropriate cus-
toms officer''. 
52 Stat. 1083. 
(g) Section 467 (19 U.S.C. 1467) is amended by striking the words 
"collector of customs" and inserting in lieu thereof "appropriate cus-
toms officer". 
46 Stat. 720. 
(j^) Sectiou 482 (19 U.S.C. 1482) is amended as follows— 
(1) subsection (e) is amended by striking the term "collector of 
customs" and inserting in lieu thereof "apptopriate customs of-
ficer" ; and 
(2) subsection (f) is amended bj^ striking "collector of customs 
or the person acting as such, or by his deputy" and inserting in lieu 
thereof "appropriate customs officer". 
67 Stat. 509. 
(J) Sectiou 484 (19 U.S.C. 1484) is amended as follows— 
(1) subsection (a) is amended by striking the word "collector" 
and inserting in lieu thereof "appropriate customs officer"'; 
(2) paragra])h (1) of subsection (c) is amended by striking 
the term "the collector" where it first appears in the paragraph 
' 
and in^ertinjr in lieu tliereof ''tlie api)roi)riate customs officer" 
and by striking the term "the collector" where it thereafter 
appears in the paragraph and inserting in lieu thereof "such 
customs officer"; 
52 Stat. 1082; 
58 Stat. 269. 
84 STAT. ] 
PUBLIC LAW 91-271-JUNE 2, 1970 
289 
(3) paragraph (2) of subsection (c) is amended by striking the 
term "The collector"' and inserting in lieu thereof "The appro-
priate customs officer" and by striking the term "the collector'' 
wherever it appears in the paragraph and inserting in lieu thereof 
"such customs officer"; 
(4) subsection (g) is amended bjr striking the term "collector 
or the appraiser" and inserting in lieu thereof "appropriate cus-
toms officer"; 
(5) the second and third sentences of subsection (j) are 
amended by striking the word "collector" and inserting in lieu 
thereof "customs officer"; and 
(6) the fourth sentence of subsection (j) is amended by strik-
ing the term "a collector" and inserting in lieu thereof "a customs 
officer" and by striking the terms "the collector" and "such col-
lector" and inserting in lieu thereof "such customs officer". 
(j) Section 491 (19 U.S.C. 1491) is amended by striking the words 
^^ISi^'ioss^ 
"by the appraiser of merchandise and sold by the collector" and 
inserting in lieu thereof "and sold by the appropriate customs officer". 
(k) Section 499 (19 U.S.C. 1499) is amended as follows— 
(1) the first sentence is amended by striking the word 
"appraiser" and inserting in lieu thereof "appropriate customs 
officer"; 
(2) the second sentence is amended by striking the term "The 
collector" and inserting in lieu thereof "Such officer"; 
(3) the fifth sentence is amended to read: "Such officer may 
require such additional packages or quantities as he may deem 
necessary."; 
(4) the sixth sentence is amended to read: "If any package con-
tains any article not specified in the invoice and, in the opinion 
of the appropriate customs officer, such article was omitted from 
the invoice with fraudulent intent on the part of the seller, 
• ' 
shipper, owner, or agent, the contents of the entire package in 
which such article is found shall be subject to seizure, but if no 
such fraudulent intent is apparent, then the value of said article 
^ '''''"' 
shall be added to the entry and the duties thereon paid 
accordingly."; 
(5) the seventh sentence is amended by striking the word "col-
lector" and inserting in lieu thereof "appi-opriate customs officer"; 
and 
(6) the last sentence is amended by striking the words "apprais-
er's return of value" and inserting in lieu thereof "appraise-
ment" and by striking the words "value returned by the appraiser" 
and inserting in lieu thereof "appraisement". 
(1) Section 502 (19 U.S.C. 1502) is amended by striking the words 
"appraiser, deputy appraiser, assistant appraiser, or examiner of 
merchandise" and inserting in lieu thereof "customs officer". 
(m) Section 50fi (19 T'.S.C. 1506) is amended as follows: 
(1) paragraph (1) is amended by striking the term "the collec-
tor" where it first ap|)ears in the paragraph and inserting in lieu 
thereof "the appropriate customs officer" and by striking the term 
"the collector" where it thereafter appears in the paragraph and 
inserting in lieu thereof "such customs officer"; and 
(2) paragraph (2) is amended by striking the word "collec-
tor" and insertino- in lieu thereof "appropriate customs officer". 
(n) Section 509 (19 U.S.(\ 1509) is amended by striking the term 
" ^*^*- ^^°-
"Collectors and ai)praisers" and inserting in lieu thereof "Appropriate 
customs officers". 
290 
PUBLIC LAW 91-271-JUNE 2, 1970 
[84 STAT. 
46 Stat. 733. 
(Q) Sectloii 510 (19 U.S.C. 1510) is amended by— 
(1) striking the words "or a division of such court," the first 
time they appear; 
(2) striking "or an appraiser, or a collector" and inserting in 
lieu thereof "or an appropriate customs officer"; 
(3) striking "an appraiser" and inserting in lieu thereof "an 
appropriate customs officer, or"; 
(4) striking the words "or a division of such court," the second 
and third times they appear; and 
(5) striking "or appraiser or collector" and inserting in lieu 
thereof "or appropriate customs officer". 
(p) Section 611 (19 U.S.C. 1511) is amended by— 
(1) striking the words "or an appraiser, or person acting as 
appraiser, or a collector" and inserting in lieu thereof "or an 
appropriate customs officer"; 
(2) striking the term "the collectors" and inserting in lieu 
thereof "customs officers"; and 
(3) striking the term "the collector" and inserting in lieu 
thereof "the appropriate customs officer". 
(q) Section 512 (19 U.S.C. 1512) is amended by— 
(1) striking the word "collector" and inserting in lieu thereof 
"customs officer"; and 
(2) striking the word "collectors" and inserting in lieu thereof 
"customs officers". 
(r) Section 513 (19 U.S.C. 1513) is amended by striking the word 
"COLLECTOR'S" in the heading thereof and inserting in lieu thereof 
"CUSTOMS OFFICER'S" and by striking the words "collector or other" 
wherever they appear in the section. 
67 Stat. 508. 
(g) Sectlou 523 (19 U.S.C. 1523) is amended by striking the word 
"collectors' " and inserting in lieu thereof "customs officers'". 
67 Stat. 519. 
(t) The fifth sentence of section 557(b) (19 U.S.C. 1557(b)) is 
amended by striking the words "an appeal for reappraisement under 
section 501" and inserting in lieu thereof "a protest contesting an ap-
Ante, p. 284. 
praigemeut decision in accordance with section 514". 
(u) Section 560 (19 TT.S.C. 1560) is amended by striking the words 
"collector or other". 
(v) Section 563 (19 U.S.C. 1563) is amended by— 
(1) striking the term "collectors of customs" and inserting in 
lieu thereof "appropriate customs officers"; and 
(2) striking the word "collector" and inserting in lieu thereof 
"customs officer". 
(w) Section 564 (19 U.S.C. 1564) is amended by striking the term 
"collector of customs" and inserting in lieu thereof "customs officer". 
(x) Section 565 (19 U.S.C. 1565) is amended by— 
(1^ striking the term "collector of customs" and inserting in 
lieu tliereof "appropriate customs officer"; and 
(2) striking the word "collector" wherever it thereafter appears 
in the section and inserting in lieu thereof "customs officer". 
(y) Section 595 (19 U.S.C. 1595) is amended by striking the words 
"collector of customs or other". 
(z) Section 602 (19 U.S.C. 1602) is amended by— 
(1) striking the word "COLLECTOR" in the heading and inserting 
in lieu thereof "CUSTOMS OFFICER" ; and 
(2) striking the word "collector" where it first appears in the 
section and inserting in lieu thereof "appropriate customs officer" 
and by striking the word "collector" wherever it thereafter ap-
pears in the section and inserting in lieu thereof "customs officer". 
84 STAT. ] 
PUBLIC LAW 91-271-JUNE 2, 1970 
291 
52 Stat. 1089. 
(aa) Section 608 (19 U.S.C. 1603) is amended by— 
(1) striking the word "COLLECTOR'S'' in the heading thereof and 
inserting in lieu thereof "CUSTOMS OFFICER'S'' ; and 
(2) striking the words "collector or the principal local officer 
of the Customs Agency Service" and inserting in lieu thereof 
"appropriate customs officer". 
(bb) Section 604 (19 U.S.C. 1604) is amended by striking the 46 stat. 754. 
word "collectors" and inserting in lieu thereof "customs officers"'. 
(cc) Section 605 (19 U.S.C. 1605) is amended by— 
_ 
_ 
^^ stat. ii4i. 
(1) striking the word "'collector'" and inserting in lieu thereof 
"appropriate customs officer""; and 
(2) striking the word "collector's" and inserting in lieu thereof 
"customs officer's"'. 
(dd) Section 606 (19 U.S.C. 1606) is amended by striking the words 
"collector shall require the ai)praiser to"" and inserting in lieu thereof 
"appropriate customs officer shall"". 
(ee) Sections 607 and 610 (19 U.S.C. 1607 and 1610) are amended 
(1) strikmg the words "returned by the appraiser ; and 
(2) striking the word "collector" and inserting in lieu thereof 
"appropriate customs officer'". 
(ff) Section 612 (19 U.S.C. 1612) is amended as follows: 
(1) the first sentence is amended by striking the term "the 
collector" where it first appears and inserting in lieu thereof "the 
appropriate customs officer"; by striking the words "by the ap-
praiser""; by striking the term "the collector" where it thereafter 
appears and inserting in lieu thereof "such officer"; and by 
striking the words "within twenty-four hours after receipt by him 
of the appraiser's return"; 
(2) the second sentence is amended by striking the term "the 
collector'' and inserting in lieu thereof "such officer'*; and 
(3) the third sentence is amended by striking the word "col-
lector"' and inserting in lieu thereof "customs officer'". 
(gg) Section 617 (19 I^.S.C. 1617) is amended by striking the word 
"collector" and inserting in lieu thereof "customs officer'" and by strik-
ing the words "or customs agent." 
(hh) Section 618 (19 U.S.C. 1618) is amended by striking the words 
"customs agent, collector, judge of the United States Customs Court, or 
Ignited States commissioner," and inserting in lieu thereof "customs 
officer". 
(ii) Section 623 (19 U.S.C. 1623) is amended by striking the term 
52 stat. 1089. 
"collectors of customs" and inserting in lieu thereof "customs officers"'. 
(jj) Section 641 (19 U.S.C. 1641) is amended by striking the words ^^tH^^^^J/^' 
"collector or chief" wherever they appear and substituting therefor 
"appropriate". 
(kk) Section 648 (19 U.S.C. 1648) is amended by striking the term 
"Collectors of customs" and inseiting in lieu thereof "Customs 
officers". 
SEC. 302. The last paragraph of so much of section 1 of the Act of 
August 1, 1914, as relates to the Customs Service, as amended (38 
Stat. 623; 19 U.S.C. 2), is amended to read as follows: 
"The President is authorized from time to time, as the exigencies 
of the service may require, to rearrange, by consolidation or other-
wise, the several customs-collection districts and to discontinue ports 
of entry by abolishing the same or establishing others in their stead. 
The President is authorized from time to time to change the location 
of the headquarters in any customs-collection district as the needs of 
the service may require."' 
49 stat. 864. 
292 
PUBLIC LAW 91-271-JUNE 2, 1970 
[84 STAT. 
43 Stat. 748. 
SKC. 808. Section 2 of the Act of March 4, 1928, as amended (19 
U.S.C. H), is amended by— 
(a) striking the first and second sentences and inserting in lieu 
thereof the following: "Any officer of the customs service desig-
nated by the Secretary of the Treasury for foreign service, shall, 
through the Department of State, be regula,rly and officially 
attaclied to the diplomatic missions of the LTnited States in the 
countries in which they are to be stationed, and when such officei-s 
are assigned to countries in which there are no diplomatic mis-
sions of the ITnited States, appropriate recognition and standing 
with full facilities for discharging their official duties shall be 
arranged by the Department of State."'; and 
(b) striking the words "and employees" in the last sentence of 
the section. 
SEC. 304. Section 2619 of the Revised Statutes, as amended (19 
U.S.C. 31), is amended to read as follows: 
"A bond to the United States may be required of any customs officer 
for the true and faithful discharge of the duties of his office according 
to law." 
SEC. 305. Section 2620 of the Revised Statutes, as amended (19 
U.S.C. 32), is amended to read as follows: 
"The amounts, conditions for filing, and procedures for the approval 
of bonds required of customs officers shall be set forth in regulations 
prescribed by the Secretary of the Treasury.-' 
SEC. 806. Section 8 of the Act of August 24, 1912, as amended (19 
8o^s a'°*64V°' 
XT-S.C. 50), is amended by striking the term "Collectors of customs'' 
and inserting in lieu thereof "Customs officers". 
SEC. 307. Section 2654 of the Revised Statutes, as amended (19 
I^.S.(\ 58), is amended by striking the word "Collectors" and inserting 
in lieu thereof "Customs officers". 
SEC. 308. Section 251 of the Revised Statutes (19 U.S.C. 66) is 
amended by striking the word "collectors'" and inserting in lieu thereof 
"customs officers"". 
SEC. 309. Section 8 of the Act of June 18, 1934, as amended (19 
U.S.C. 81c) is amended by— 
(a) striking the term "collector of customs" and inserting in 
lieu thereof "appropriate customs officer"; and 
(b) striking the word "collector"' and inserting in lieu thereof 
"appropriate customs officer". 
SEC. 310. The Act of June 28, 1916 (19 U.S.C. 151), is amended by 
striking the term "collector of customs'" and inserting in lieu thereof 
"a])propriate customs officer". 
SEC. 311. Section 202(a) of the Act of May 27, 1921 (19 U.S.C. 
68 Stat. 1139. 
161(a)), is amended by striking the word "report"'. 
42 Stat. 14. 
Q!^^^. 312. Section 208 of the Act of May 27, 1921 (19 ILS.C. 167), 
is amended by striking the term "collector" where it first appears in 
the section and inserting in lieu thereof "ap])ropriate customs officer"' 
and by striking the term "the collector"' wherever it thereafter ap-
pears in the section and inserting in lieu thereof "such customs 
officer". 
SEC. 813. Section 209 of the Act of May 27, 1921, as amended (19 
U.S.C. 168), is amended by— 
(a) striking the words "appraiser or person acting as an-
r)raiser"' where they first appear in the section and inserting in 
1 ieu thereof "appropriate customs officer"; 
(b) striking the words "report to the collector" where they first 
appear in the section; 
64 Stat. 246. 
39 Stat. 239. 
42 Stat. 15. 
84 STAT. ] 
PUBLIC LAW 91-271-JUNE 2, 1970 
293 
(c) strikiiio- the. words "each appraiser or person acting as 
appraiser" and inserting in lieu thereof "such customs officer'"; 
and 
(d) striking the words "and report to the collector*". 
SEC. 314. Section 210 of the Act of May 27, 1921, as amended (19 
U.S.C\ 1B9), is amended by— 
(a) striking the words "appraiser or person acting as appraiser" 
and inserting in lieu thereof "appropriate customs officer"; 
(b) striking the term "the collector"" and inserting in lieu tliereof 
"such customs officer"; and 
(c) striking the words "ai)peal and" and "a})peals and". 
SEC. 815. Section 5 of the Act of February 13, 1911, as amended 
(19 U.S.C. 261), is amended by striking ", and any customs officer 
4i stat. 402. 
who may be designated for that purpose by the collector of customs,". 
SEC. 316. Section 5 of the Act of February 13, 1911, as amended 
(19 U.S.C. 267), is amended by— 
(a) striking the words "inspectors, storekeepers, weighers, and 
other"; and 
(b) striking the term "collector of customs'' wherever it appears 
in the section and inserting in lieu thereof "appropriate customs 
officer". 
SEC. 317. Section 3111 of the Kevised Statutes (19 T\S.C. 282) is 
amended by striking the words "other or"' and by striking the words 
"the collector or other"" and the words "a collector or other" and in-
serting in lieu thereof in each instance the word "an". 
SEC. 318. Section 3126 of the Revised Statutes (19 T^S.C. 293) is 
amended by striking out "collectors" and inserting in lieu tliereof 
"appropriate customs officers"". 
SEC. 319. Section 2863 and 3087 of the Revised Statutes, as amended 
(19 U.S.('. 341 and 528), are amended by striking the word "collector" 
and inserting in lieu thereof "appropriate customs officer". 
SEC. 320. The Act of June 16, 1937 (19 U.S.C. 1435b), is amended 
by— 
(a) striking the words "collector of customs, or any deputy 
collector of customs designated by him" and inserting in lieu 
thereof "appropriate customs officer"; and 
(b) striking the words "jointly by the Secretary of Commerce 
50 Stat. 303. 
and"'. 
REPEALS 
SEC. 321. The following Inws are hereby repealed: 
(a) section 2613 of the Revised Statutes, as amended (19 
U.S.C. 5) ; 
(b) the last i)aragraph of so much of section 1 of the Act of 
July 5, 1932, as relates to the Bureau of Customs (47 Stat. 584; 
19 U.S.C. 5a) ; 
(c) section 3 of the Act of March 4, 1923 (19 U.S.C. 7); 
42 stat. 1453. 
(d) section 2629 of the Revised Statutes, as amended (19 
U.S.C. 8); 
(e) section 2625 of the Revised Statutes, as amended (19 
? 
U.S.C. 9); 
^ 
(f) section 2630 of the Revised Statutes, as amended (19 
U.S.C. 10); 
(g) section 2632 of the Revised Statutes, as amended (19 
U.S.C. 11); 
(h) the Act of February 6, 1907, as amended (19 U.S.C. 36); 
^
"
^ ^'^'- ««o-
(i) section 2633 of the Revised Statutes (19 U.S.C. 37); 
(i) section 7 of the Act of March 4, 1923 (19 U.S.C. 51); and 
^2 stat. i454: 
(k) sections 1 and 2 of the Act of August 28, 1890 (19 U.S.C. ^°26'it;t.^l62; 
63). 
Approved June 2, 1970. 
80 Stat. 636.