An Act to amend sections 501 and 504 of title 18, United States Code, so as to strengthen the law relating to the counterfeiting of postage meter stamps or other improper uses of the metered mail system
PL 91-448 (H.R.14485), enacted 10/14/1970

920 
PUBLIC LAW 91-448-OCT. 14, 1970 
[84 STAT. 
62 Stat. 915; 
70 Stat. 1026; 
75 Stat. 521. 
Effective data 
title 28, United States Code, section (505, and subject to the conditions 
of that section, a budget for each organization for each fiscal year and 
shall out of the appropriations therefor make payments to and on 
behalf of each organization. Payments under this subparagraph to an 
organization shall be in lieu of payments under subsection (d) or (e). 
"(B) 
GoMMUNrrY 
DEFENDER 
ORGAXIZATION.—A 
Community 
Defender Organization shall be a nonprofit defense counsel service 
established and administered by any group authorized by the plan to 
provide representation. The organization shall be eligible to furnish 
attorneys and receive paj^ments under this section if its bylaws are set 
forth in the plan of the district or districts in which it will serve. Each 
organization shall submit to the Judicial (Conference of the United 
States an annual report setting forth its activities and financial posi-
tion and the anticipated caseload and expenses for the coming year. 
Upon application an organization may, to the extent approved by the 
Judicial Conference of the United States: 
"(i) receive an initial grant for expenses necessary to establish 
the organization; and 
"(ii) in lieu of payments under subsection (d) or (e), receive 
periodic sustaining grants to provide representation and other 
expenses pureuant to this section." 
(c) A new subsection (1) is added as follows: 
"(1) APPLICABILITT IN THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.—The provisions 
of this Act, other than subsection (h) of section 1, shall be applicable 
in the District of Columbia. The plan of the District of Columbia shall 
be approved jointly by the Judicial Council of the District of Colum-
bia Circuit aiid the District of Columbia Court of Appeals." 
SEC. 2. A United States commissioner for a district may exercise any 
power, function, or duty authorized to be performed by a United States 
magistrate under the amendments made by section 1 of this Act if such 
commissioner liad authority to perform such power, function, or duty 
prior to the enactment of such amendments. 
SEO. 3. The amendments made by section 1 of this Act shall become 
effective one hundred and twenty days after the date of enactment. 
Approved October 14, 1970. 
October 14, 1970 
[H. R. 14485] 
Public Law 91-448 
AN ACT 
To amend sections 501 and 504 of title 18, United States Code, so as to strengthen 
the law relating to the counterfeiting of postage meter stamps or other 
improper uses of the metered mail system. 
U.S. postage 
meter stamps. 
Counterfeiting, 
prohibition. 
62 Stat. 713; 
Ante, p. 777. 
Be it enacted hy the Senate and House of Representatives 
of the 
United States of America in Congress assernbled^ That (a) notwith-
standing the amendment made to section 501 of title 18, United States 
Code, such section is amended to read as follows: 
*
^
§ 501. Postage stamps, postage meter stamps, and postal cards 
"Whoever forges or counterfeits any postage stamp, postage meter 
stamp, or any stamp printed upon any stamped envelope, or postal 
card, or any die, plate, or engraving thereof; or 
"Whoever makes or prints, or knowingly uses or sells, or possesses 
with intent to use or sell, any such forged or counterfeited postage 
stamp, postage meter stamp, stamped envelope, postal card, die, plate, 
or engraving; or 
84 STAT.] 
PUBLIC LAW 9 1 - 4 4 9 - O C T . 14, 1970 
921 
"Whoever makes, or knowingly uses or sells, or possesses with intent 
to use or sell, any paper bearing the watermark of any stamped 
envelope, or postal card, or any fraudulent imitation thereof; or 
"Whoever makes or prints, or authorizes to be made or printed, any 
postage stamp, postage meter stamp, stamped envelope, or postal card, 
of the kind authorized and provided by the Post Office Department 
or by the Postal Service, without the special authority and direction 
of the Department or Postal Service; or 
"Whoever after such postage stamp, postage meter stamp, stamped 
envelope, or postal card has been printed, with intent to defraud, 
delivers the same to any person not authorized by an instrument in 
writing, duly executed under the hand of the Postmaster General and 
the seal of the Post Office Department or the Postal Service, to 
receive it— 
"Shall be fined not more than $500 or imprisoned not more than five Penalty, 
years, or both." 
(b) Section 6(j) (6) of the Postal Reorganization Act is repealed. 
Repeal. 
SEC. 2. Section 504 of title 18, United States Code, is amended by 
ttJ^'^K'^^: 
adding at the end thereof the following: 
ductions. 
"For the purposes of this section the term 'postage stamp' includes 82^818*^2407'' 
postage meter stamps." 
Approved October 14, 1970. 
Public Law 91-449 
A N A C T 
October 14, 1970 
To implement the Convention on Offenses and Certain Other Acts Committed 
[s.2i76] 
on Board Aircraft, and for other purposes. 
Be a enacted hy the Senate and House of Representatives 
of the 
United States of America in Congress assemoled^ That— 
Federal Aviation 
(1) A new subsection (32) be inserted in section 101 of the Federal ^''^ °^ ^^^f' 
Aviation Act of 1958 (49 U.S.C. 1301) as follows: 
"T2 sra't?7 37;; 
"(32) The term 'special aircraft jurisdiction of the United States' 76 stat. 143. 
includes the following aircraft while in 
flight— 
craft^ti^isdic""on 
" (a) civil aircraft of the United States; 
o
f the united 
"(b) aircraft of the national defense forces of the United ^*^**^-" 
States; and 
"(c) any other aircraft— 
"(i) within the United States, or 
."(iij 
. . .. . ^ . . 
. . 
ii) outside the United States which has its next sched-
uled destination or last point of departure in the United 
States provided that in either case it next actually lands 
in the United States. 
For the purpose of this definition, an aircraft is considered to be in 
flight from the moment when power is applied for the purpose of 
takeoff until the moment when the landing run ends." 
(2) Existing subsections (32), (33), (34), and (35) are renum- 
82 stat. 867. 
bered (33), (34), (35), and (36), respectively. 
(3) Subsections 902 (i), (j), and (k) of such Act (49 U.S.C. 1472 
(i), (j), and (k)) are amended by deleting the words "in flight in air 
75 stat. 466.. 
commerce" wherever they appear in those subsections and substituting 
therefor the words "within the special aircraft jurisdiction of the 
United States." 
Approved October 14, 1970.