An Act to authorize appropriations for fiscal year 1979 for the Department of State, the International Communication Agency, and the Board for International Broadcasting, to make changes in the laws relating to those agencies, to make changes in the Foreign Service personnel system, to establish policies and responsibilities with respect to science, technology, and American diplomacy, and for other purposes.
PL 95-426 (H.R.12598), enacted 10/07/1978

PUBLIC LAW 95-426—OCT. 7, 1978 
92 STAT. 963 
Public Law 95-426 
95th Congress 
An Act 
To authorize appropriations for fiscal year 1979 for the Department of State, 
the International Communication Agency, and the Board for International 
Broadcasting, to make changes in the laws relating to those agencies, to make 
changes in the Foreign Service personnel system, to establish policies and 
responsibilities with respect to science, technology, and American diplomacy, 
and for other purposes. 
Be it enacted hy the Senate and House of RepresenJioivves of the 
United States of America in Congress assemhted^ 
SHORT TITLE 
SECTION 1. This Act may be cited as the "Foreign Eelations Author-
ization Act, Fiscal Year 1979". 
TITLE I—DEPARTMENT OF STATE 
Oct. 7, 1978 
[H.R. 12598] 
Foreign Relations 
Authorization 
Act, Fiscal Year 
1979. 
AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS FOR FISCAL YEAR 1979 
SEC. 101. (a) There are authorize^ to be appropriated for the 
Department of State for the fiscal year 1979 to carry out the authori-
ties, functions, duties, and responsibilities in the conduct of the foreign 
affairs of the United States, including trade negotiations, and other 
purposes authorized by law, the following amounts: 
(1) For "Administration of Foreign Affairs", $849,118,000. 
(2) For "International Organizations and Conferences", 
$412,826,000. 
(3) For "International Commissions", $20,773,000. 
(4) For "Migration and Refugee Assistance", $116,536,000. 
(5) For increases in salary, pay, retirement, and other employee 
benefits authorized by law, and for other nondiscretionary costs, 
such amounts as may be necessary. 
(b) Amounts appropriated under this section are authorized to 
remain available until expended. 
(c) Funds authorized to be appropriated for the fiscal year 1979 by 
paragraphs (1) through (4) of subsection (a) may be appropriated 
for the fiscal year 1979 for a purpose for which appropriations are 
authorized by any other of those paragraphs, except that the total 
amount appropriated for a purpose described in any of those para- 
. ,. '.%-. 
graphs may not exceed by more than 10 percent the amount specifi-
cally authorized for that purpose by subsection (a). 
SUPPLEMENTAL AUTHORIZATION FOR FISCAL YEAR 1978 FOR INTERNATIONAL 
ORGANIZATIONS AND CONFERENCES 
SEC. 102. Section 101(a) (2) of the Foreign Relations Authoriza- 91 Stat. 844. 
tion Act, Fiscal Year 1978, is amended by striking out "$389,412,000" 
and inserting in lieu thereof "$426,687,000". 
92 STAT. 964 
PUBLIC LAW 95-426—OCT. 7, 1978 
Commission, 
establishment. 
Compensation. 
UNITED NATIONS CONFERENCE ON SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY FOR 
1 
DEVELOPMENT 
> 
SEC 103. (a) The Congress find that— 
(1) science and technology are keys to eradicating hunger and 
I 
poverty in developing countries; 
(2) the ability of the developing countries to achieve self-
sustaining growth has been hindered by the lack of an indigenous 
scientific and technological base; 
(3) this scientific and technological base is vital to the emer-
gence of developing countries as full and equal partners in the 
international system; 
(4) expanded cooperation with respect to science and tech-
nology can significantly contribute to an improved North-South 
relationship; and 
(5) the United Nations Conference on Science and Technology 
for Development offers a valuable forum for the analysis of prob-
lems of development that might be alleviated or solved with the 
aid of scientific and technical expertise. 
(b) It is therefore the sense of the Congress that the United States 
should strongly support the purpose of the United Nations Conference 
on Science and Technology for Development and that the United 
States delegation to this conference should actively develop and offer 
proposals which would facilitate an expansion of mutually beneficial 
cooperation among developed and developing countries with respect 
to science and technology, including joint education and research and 
development programs. 
(c) In addition to amounts otherwise available for such purpose, 
$945,000 of the amount authorized to be appropriated by section 101 
(a) (1) of this Act shall be available only for expenses incurred by 
the Department of State in connection with the United Nations Con-
ference on Science and Technology for Development, including 
expenses for preparatory conferences and seminars held in the United 
States. 
MEMORIAL STATUTE OF GENERAL MARSHALL 
SEC 104. (a) The Secretary of State is authorized to acquire on 
behalf of the United States a memorial statue or bust of General 
George C. Marshall (hereafter in this section referred to as the "memo-
rial") to be placed in an appropriate location within the Department 
of State. 
(b) (1) To assist the Secretary of State in carrying out the provi-
sions of subsection (a), there is established a Commission to be com-
posed of seven members as follows: 
(A) The Secretary, who shall be the chairman of the Com-
mission. 
(B) Two members appointed by the Secretary. 
(C) Two members appointed by the chairman of the Commit-
tee on Foreign Relations of the Senate. 
(D) Two members appointed by the chairman of the Commit-
tee on International Relations of the House of Representatives. 
Members of the Commission shall serve without compensation. 
(2) The Commission shall operate under the direction of the Secre-
tary of State and, subject to final approval by the Secretary, shall select 
the sculptor for the memorial and select its size, style, design, 
and material. 
PUBLIC LAW 95-426—OCT. 7, 1978 
92 STAT. 965 
(3) The Commission shall cease to exist upon completion of its Termination, 
functions under this section, as determined by the Secretary. 
(c) (1) Of the funds authorized to be appropriated by section 101 
(a) (1) of this Actj not more than $10,000 may be used for payment 
of costs incurred in carrying out subsection (a) of this section. 
(2) All other costs incurred in carrying out subsection (a) shall be 
paid by the Secretary of State with funds contributed to tlie United 
States for such purpose. 
(d) The Secretary of State shall be responsible for maintenance and 
care of the memorial. 
rOREIGN MISSION SOLAR ENERGY 
DEMONSTRATION 
SEC. 105. (a) It is the purpose of this section to provide for the dem-
onstration of solar energy and other renewable energy technologies in 
foreign countries through the use of such energy in buildings acquired 
under subsection (a) of the first section of the Foreign Service Build-
ings Act, 1926 (22 U.S.C. 292 (a)), in order that— 
(1) countries in which such buildings are located may be given 
visible incentives to develop and use local solar energy or other 
renewable energy resources to reduce dependence upon petroleum 
and petroleum products; 
(2) markets may be developed for American solar energy sys-
tems and components in order to stimulate investment in such 
systems and components and to reduce the costs of such systems 
and components to reasonable levels; 
(3) in furtherance of the purpose of section 119 of the Foreig^i 
Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2151q), cooperation may be 
developed between the United States and other countries in an 
effort to develop solar energy or other renewable energy systems 
within a short period of time; and 
(4) equipment which is vital to the operation of sensitive sys-
tems within United States missions abroad may be made more 
reliable and less dependent upon interruptible local energy 
supplies. 
(b) (1) The Secretary of State shall implement projects for the 
application of solar energy or other forms of renewable energy in 
buildings acquired under subsection (a) of the first section of the 
Foreign Service Buildings Act, 1926. 
(2) The Secretary of State shall select projects under paragraph 
(1) in consultation with the Secretary of Energy. Such projects shall 
apply available solar energy and other renewable energy technologies, Energy 
including those for— 
(A) the heating and cooling of buildings; 
(B) solar thermal electric systems; 
(C) solar photovoltaic conversion systems; 
* 
^ 
(D) wind energy systems; and 
(E) systems for developing fuels from biomass. 
The Secretary of Energy shall inform the Secretary of State of all such 
technologies which are feasible for such projects, taking into account 
the resources and environmental conditions of the countries in which 
such projects are to be implemented. Upon the request of the Secre-
tary of State, the Secretary of Energy shall provide to the Secretary 
of State any technical information or other technical assistance which 
the Secretary of State considers necessary with respect to any such 
project. Any project selected under this section should be similar to 
22 u s e 292a. 
22 u s e 292. 
eonsultation with 
Secretary of 
Technical 
assistance. 
92 STAT. 966 
PUBLIC LAW 95-426—OCT. 7, 1978 
projects which have been demonstrated by the Department of Energy 
(or any of its predecessor agencies) to be reliable, maintainable, and 
technically feasible. 
(3) Any project selected under this section shall be adaptable to the 
local resources, climatic conditions, and economic circumstances of 
the country in which such project is implemented in order that such 
country will be more likely to implement similar projects. 
(4) The Secretary of State shall insure that any project selected 
under this section is demonstrated to, and available for inspection by, 
officials and other citizens of the country in which such project is 
implemented. 
(5) In selecting projects under this section, the Secretary of State 
-• , it 
shall give priority to projects to be implemented in developing 
countries. 
(c) Whenever any building is constructed under the authority con-
22 use 292. 
tained in the first section of the Foreign Service Buildings Act, 1926, 
the Secretary of State shall insure that the planning for such construc-
tion takes into account those renewable energy systems which are 
available in the country in which the building is to be constructed. 
(d) In addition to amounts otherwise available for such purposes, 
$4,000,000 of the amount authorized to be appropriated by section 101 
(a) (1) of this Act shall be available only to carry out the purposes of 
this section. 
ASSISTANCE FOR REFUGEES SETTLING IN ISRAEL 
' 
SEC. 106. Of the amount authorized to be appropriated by section 
101(a) (4) of this Act, $25,000,000 shall be available only for assist-
ance for the resettlement in Israel of refugees from the Union of 
Soviet Socialist Republics and from Communist countries in Eastern 
Europe. 
ASSISTANCE FOR REFUGEES I N AFRICA 
SEC. 107. In addition to amounts otherwise available for such pur-
pose, $5,000,000 of the amount authorized to be appropriated by sec-
tion 101(a) (4) of this Act shall be available only for assistance for 
refugees in Africa. 
AID TO DESTITUTE AMERICANS ABROAD 
SEC. 108. (a) Section 3(j) of the Act entitled "An Act to provide 
certain basic authority for the Department of State", approved 
August 1, 1956 (22 tf.S.C. 2670(j)), is amended by inserting "or 
destitute United States citizens abroad" immediately after "incar-
cerated abroad". 
Effective date. 
(b) The amendment made by this section shall take effect on Octo-
22 use 2670 
ber 1,1978. 
°0t6- 
WORKING CAPITAL FUND 
SEC. 109. (a) Section 13 of the Act entitled "An Act to provide cer-
tain basic authority for the Department of State", approved August 
,, : 
1,1956 (22 U.S.C. 2684), is amended— 
(1) by striking out "supply" in clause (2) in the first sentence; 
(2) by striking out ", and" at the end of clause (2) in the first 
sentence and inserting in lieu thereof a semicolon; 
(3) by inserting immediately before the period at the end of 
the first sentence "; and (4) rnedical and health care services"; 
PUBLIC LAW 95-426—OCT. 7, 1978 
92 STAT. 9(57 
(4) by striking out the third sentence; and 
(5) by inserting "(a)" immediately after "SEC. 13." and by 
adding the following new subsection at the end of the section: 
"(b) The current value of supplies returned to the working capital 
fund by a post, activity, or agency may be charged to the fund. The 
proceeds thereof shall, if otherwise authorized, be credited to current 
applicable appropriations and shall remain available for expenditures 
for the same purposes for which those appropriations are available. 
Credits may not be made to appropriations under this subsection as 
the result of capitalization of inventories.". 
(b) The amendments made by this section shall take effect on Octo-
ber 1,1978. 
REPRESENTATION EXPENSES OF THE INTERNATIONAL JOINT COMMISSION, 
UNITED STATES AND CANADA 
SEC. 110. (a) Section 19 of the Act entitled "An Act to provide 
certain basic authority for the Department of State", approved 
August 1, 1956 (22 U.S.C. 2689), is amended by striking out "not to 
exceed $1,500 of the". 
(b) The amendment made by this section shall take effect on Octo-
ber 1, 1978. 
CONSOLIDATION OF ADMINISTRATIVE SERVICES 
Effective date. 
22 use 2684 
note. 
Effective date. 
22 use 2689 
note. 
SEC. 111. (a) The Act entitled "An Act to provide certain basic 
authority for the Department of State", approved August 1, 1956, is 
amended by adding at the end thereof the following new section: 
"SEC. 23. Whenever the head of any Federal agency performing any 22 USe 2695 
foreign affairs functions (including, but not limited to, the Depart-
ment of State, the International Communication Agency, the Agency 
for International Development, and the Arms Control and Disarma-
ment Agency) determines that administrative services performed in 
common by the Department of State and one or more other such agen-
cies may be performed more advantageously and more economically 
on a consolidated basis, the Secretary of State and the heads of the 
other agencies concerned may, subject to the approval of the Director 
of the Office of Management and Budget, conclude an agreement which 
provides for the transfer to and consolidation within the Department 
or within one of the other agencies concerned of so much of the func-
tions, personnel, property, records, and funds of the Department and 
of the other agencies concerned as may be necessary to enable the per-
formance of those administrative services on a consolidated basis for 
the benefit of all agencies concerned. Agreements for consolidation of 
administrative services under this section shall provide for reimburse-
ment or advances of funds from the agency receiving the service to 
the agency performing the service in amounts which will approximate 
the expense of providing administrative services for the serviced 
agency.". 
(b) The amendment made by this section shall take effect on 
October 1, 1978. 
POST EMPLOYEE SERVICES 
Effective date. 
22 use 2695 
note. 
SEC. 112. (a) Part C of title I X of the Foreign Service Act of 1946 
(22 U.S.C. 1139) is amended— 
(1) by striking out "COMMISSARY SERVICE" in the heading for 
that part and inserting in lieu thereof "POST EMPLOYEE SERV-
ICES": and 
92 STAT. 968 
PUBLIC LAW 95-426—OCT. 7, 1978 
22 u s e 1139. 
Effective date. 
22 use 1139 
note. 
(2) by amending subsections (b) and (c) of section 921 to read 
as follows: 
"(b) The Secretary, under such regulations as he may prescribe, 
may authorize and assist in the establishment, maintenance, and 
operation by officers and employees of the Service of non-Government-
operated services and facilities at posts abroad, including the furnish-
ing of space, utilities, and properties owned or leased by the United 
States for use by its diplomatic and consular missions. The provisions 
of the Foreign Service Buildings Act, 1926 (22 U.S.C. 292-300), and 
section 13 of the Act entitled 'An Act to provide certain basic author-
ity for the Department of State', approved August 1, 1956 (22 U.S.C. 
2684), may be utilized by the Secretary in providing such assistance. 
Services and facilities established under this subsection shall be made 
available, insofar as practicable, to officers and employees of other 
Government agencies and their dependents who are stationed abroad. 
Such services and facilities shall not be established in localities where 
another United States agency operates similar services or facilities 
unless the Secretary determines that such additional services or facili-
ties are necessary. 
"(c) Charges at any post abroad for a service or facility authorized 
or assisted under this section shall be at the same rate for all civilian 
personnel of the Government serviced thereby, and all charges for 
supplies furnished to such a service or facility abroad by any Gov-
ernment agency shall be at the same rate as that charged by the fur-
nishing agency to its comparable civilian services and facilities.". 
(b) The amendments made by this section shall take effect on 
October 1, 1978. 
FURNISHING MEDICAL, SERVICES ABROAD 
SEC. 113. (a) Part E of title IX of the Foreign Service Act of 1946 
is amended— 
(1) in section 942 (22 U.S.C. 1157) by striking out "(a)" and 
by striking out subsection (b); and 
(2) by adding at the end of that part the following new section: 
22 use 1160. 
Effective date. 
22 use 1157 
note. 
Deputy Under 
Secretai7 of 
State, assumption 
of duties. 
22 u s e 2652 
'FURNISHING MEDICAL SERVICES ABROAD 
"SEC. 945. The Secretary may establish medical treatment and health 
care facilities and provide for the services of physicians, nurses, or 
other medical or health care personnel at a post at which, in the opinion 
of the Secretary, sufficient personnel are employed to warrant such 
facilities or services.". 
(b) The amendments made by this section shall take effect on 
October 1, 1978. 
^ 
, : 
^ 
. 
^ 
I „ ,,; . ,, 
UNDER SECRETARY OF STATE FOR MANAGEMENT 
SEC. 114. (a) (1) The first section of the Act entitled "An Act to 
strengthen and improve the organization and administration of the 
Department of State, and for other purposes", approved May 26, 
1949 (22 U.S.C. 2652), is amended by striking out "a Deputy Under 
Secretary of State" and inserting in lieu thereof "an Under Secretary 
of State for Management". 
(2) The individual holding the office of Deputy Under Secretary of 
State on the effective date of this section shall assume the duties of 
Under Secretary of State for Management and shall not be required to 
be reappointed by reason of the enactment of this section. 
:-***^-
PUBLIC LAW 95-426—OCT. 7, 1978 
92 STAT. 969 
(b) (1) Paragraph (9) of section 5314 of title 5, United States Code, 
is amended by inserting "and Under Secretary of State for Manage-
ment" immediately after "Programs". 
(2) Paragraph (10) of section 5315 of such title is repealed. 
(c) The amendments made by this section shall take effect on 
October 1,1978. 
ASSISTANT SECRETARY OF STATE FOR INTERNATIONAL NARCOTICS 
MATTERS 
Repeal. 
5 use 5315. 
Effective date. 
5 use 5314 note. 
SEC. 115. (a) There is established in the Department of State, in 22 USe 2652a. 
addition to the positions provided under the first section of the Act 
of May 26,1949 (22 U.S.C. 2652), an Assistant Secretary of State for 
International Narcotics Matters, who shall be appointed by the Presi-
dent, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate. The Assistant 
Secretary shall be responsible for the overall coordination of the role 
of the Department of State in the international aspects of narcotics 
problems. 
(b) (1) Section 5315 of title 5, United States Code, is amended by 
adding at the end thereof the following new paragraph: 
"(122) Assistant Secretary for International Narcotics Mat-
ters, Department of State.". 
(2) The amendment made by paragraph (1) of this subsection shall 
take effect on October 1,1978. 
Effective date. 
5 use 5315 note. 
DEFINITION OF CHIEF OF MISSION 
SEC. 116. Para2;raph (9) of section 121 of the Foreign Service Act 
of 1946 (22 U.S.C. 802(9)) is amended by striking out "or diplomatic 
agent" and inserting in lieu thereof "diplomatic agent, or the head 
of a United States office abroad which is designated by the Secretary 
as having a purpose diplomatic in nature". 
. 
RESPONSIBILITIES OF A CHIEF OF MISSION 
SEC. 117. Section 16 of the Act entitled "An Act to provide certain 
basic authority for the Department of State", approved August 1,1956 
(22 U.S.C. 2680a), is amended— 
(1) in paragraph (1) by striking out "Ambassador to" and 
inserting in lieu thereof "chief of mission (as defined in section 
121 (9) of the Foreign Service Act of 1946) in"; 
(2) in paragraph (2) by striking out "Ambassador" and insert-
ing in lieu thereof "chief of mission"; and 
(3) in paragraph (3)— 
(A) by striking out "Ambassador to" and inserting in lieu 
thereof "chief of mission in"; and 
(B) by striking out "the Ambassador" and inserting in lieu 
thereof "the chief of mission". 
22 use 802. 
DETAILING OF STATE DEPARTMENT PERSONNEL 
SEC. 118. Section 11(a) of the Department of State Appropriations 
Authorization Act of 1973 (22 U.S.C. 2685 (a)) is amended— 
(1) by striking out "ninety days" and inserting in lieu thereof 
"one year"; and 
(2) by adding at the end thereof the following new sentence: 
"Officers and employees of the Department of State who are 
detailed, assigned, or otherwise made available to another Execu-
92 STAT. 970 
PUBLIC LAW 95-426—OCT. 7, 1978 
44 use 1317 
note. 
tive agency for a period of not to exceed one year shall not be 
counted toward any personnel ceiling for the Department of State 
established by the Director of the Office of Management and 
Budget.". 
EXCLUSION OF CERTAIN ALIENS FROM THE UNITED STATES 
SEC, 119. Section 21 of the Act entitled "An Act to provide certain 
basic authority for the Department of State", approved August 1,1956 
(22 U.S.C. 2691), is amended by adding at the end thereof the follow-
ing new sentence: "Nothing in this section may be construed as author-
izing or requiring the admission to the United States of any alien 
who is excludible for reasons other than membership in or affiliation 
with a proscribed organization.". 
PUBLICATION OF HISTORICAL DOCUMENTS BY THE DEPARTMENT OF STATE 
SEC. 120. (a) The Congress finds that the Department of State pub-
lication "Foreign Relations of the United States" plays an important 
role in making the documentary record of United States foreign rela-
tions available to the Congress and the American public. 
(b) The Secretary of State shall therefore insure that publication 
of the "Foreign Relations of the United States" volumes is continued 
in such a manner as will maintain the high standard of comprehensive 
documentation already established by past volumes. 
22 use 1175 
note. 
Report to 
Speaker of the 
House and Senate 
committee. 
ASSISTANCE TO BEREAVED UNITED STATES FAMILIES 
SEC. 121. (a) The Congress finds that the Department of State 
should, in the performance of its consular duties, render all reasonable 
administrative assistance to a United States citizen who is making 
necessary arrangements following the death of another United States 
citizen abroad. 
(b) The Secretary of State shall— 
(1) analyze alternative procedures by which the Department 
of State could, where necessary and appropriate, provide loans 
or other forms of assistance to facilitate such arrangements; and 
(2) not later than January 20,1979, transmit to the Speaker of 
the House of Representatives and the chairman of the Committee 
on Foreign Relations of the Senate a report describing fully and 
completely such alternate procedures, including associated costs, 
and presenting his views and recommendations with respect to 
such procedures. 
22 use 2680 
note. 
SYSTEMATIC 
INFORMATION-SHARING 
SEC. 122. (a) The Congress finds that— 
(1) international political, economic, and other studies prepared 
systematically by analysts of the Department of State as needed 
background information for executive branch policymakers could 
be similarly valuable to the Committee on International Relations 
of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Foreign 
Relations of the Senate in fulfilling their responsibilities; and 
(2) a formal information-sharing arrangement between the 
Department of State and such congressional committees could 
therefore serve the national interest, provided that controls on dis-
Report to 
congressional 
committees. 
PUBLIC LAW 95-426—OCT. 7, 1978 
92 STAT. 971 
semination are established which insure that neither the process 
of analysis nor necessary confidentiality is jeopardized, 
(b) Not later than January 20, 1979, the Secretary of State shall 
transmit to the chairman of the Committee on International Eelations 
of the House of Representatives and the chairman of the Committee on 
Foreign Relations of the Senate recommendations with respect to the 
establishment of such an information-sharing arrangement. 
ASSISTING MINORITY 
ENTERPRISE 
SEC. 123. (a) The Congress finds that the Inter-Agency Council for 
Minority Enterprise has been created to assist minority owned and 
operated businesses in establishing broader markets, including markets 
with respect to procurement by the United States Government. 
(b) It is the sense of the Congress that the Secretary of State, in 
cooperation with such Council, should— 
(1) broaden minority business participation in the provision of 
goods and services for the Department of State; and 
(2) establish and expand export markets for minority 
businesses. 
LIMITATION ON GEOGRAPHICAL TRAVEL RESTRICTIONS IN UNITED STATES 
PASSPORTS 
SEC. 124. For the purpose of achieving greater United States com-
pliance with the provisions of the Final Act of the Conference on Secu-
rity and Cooperation in Europe (signed at Helsinki on August 1,1976) 
and for the purpose of encouraging other countries which are signa-
tories to the Final Act to comply with those provisions, the first sec-
tion of the Act entitled "An Act to regulate the issue and validity of 
passports, and for other purposes", approved July 3, 1926 (22 U.S.C. 
211a), is amended by adding at the end thereof the following: "Unless 
authorized by law, a passport may not be designated as restricted for 
travel to or for use in any country other than a country with which the 
United States is at war, where armed hostilities are in progress, or 
where there is imminent danger to the public health or the physical 
safety of United States travellers.". 
DIPLOMATIC AND OFFICIAL PASSPORTS 
SEC. 125. It is the sense of the Congress that a diplomatic or official 
United States passport should be issued only to, and used only by, a 
person who holds a diplomatic or other official position in the United 
States Government or who is otherwise eligible for such a passport 
under conditions specifically authorized by law. 
TRAVEL RESTRICTIONS ON FOREIGN CITIZENS 
SEC. 126. (a) For the purpose of implementing general principles 22 USC 2691 
of the Final Act of the Conference on Security and Cooperation in note-
Europe (signed at Helsinki on August 1, 1975) emphasizing the low-
ering of international barriers to the free movement of people and ideas 
and in accordance with provisions of the Vienna Convention on Dip-
lomatic Relations establishing the legal principles of nondiscrimina-
tion and reciprocity, it shall be the general policy of the United States 
to impose restrictions on travel within the United States by citizens of 
another country only when the government of that country imposes 
restrictions on travel by United States citizens within that country. 
22 USC 211a 
note. 
39-194 O—80—pt. 1 
65 : QL3 
92 STAT. 972 
PUBLIC LAW 95-426—OCT. 7, 1978 
(b) The Secretary of State shall— 
(1) insure that this policy is clearly conveyed to any foreign 
government imposing travel restrictions on United States citi-
zens; and 
(2) seek the elimination, on a mutual and reciprocal basis, of 
travel restrictions imposed by such government and by the Gov-
ernment of the United States on each other's citizens. 
Report to 
(c) Not later than January 20, 1979, and at intervals of one year 
Speaker of the 
thereafter for a period of three years, the Secretary of State shall 
House and benate transmit to the Speaker of the Hoiise of Eepresentatives and the chair-
commi e. 
^^^ ^^ ^j^^ Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate a report 
describing— 
(1) domestic travel restrictions then being imposed by the 
United States Government on citizens of other countries and by 
foreign governments on United States citizens; and 
(2) the progress of efforts undertaken pursuant to subsection 
(b) to achieve the elimination of such restrictions. 
(d) Subsection (a) may not be construed as limiting any restric-
tions on travel within the United States which are imposed by the 
United States Government, on a reciprocal basis, with respect to the 
officials of particular foreign governments. 
TITLE II—INTERNATIONAL COMMUNICATION AGENCY 
AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS FOR FISCAL YEAR 1979 
SEC. 201. (a) There is authorized to be appropriated for the Inter-
national Communication Agency for fiscal year 1979 to carry out 
international communication, educational, cultural, and exchange pro-
grams under the United States Information and Educational 
22 use 1431 
Exchange Act of 1948, the Mutual Educational and Cultural 
note. 
Exchange Act of 1961, and Reorganization Plan Numbered 2 of 1977, 
22 use 2451 
and other purposes authorized by law, $420,577,000, and such addi-
^^nsr 
22 
tional amounts as may be necessary for increases in salary, pay, retire-
USe l^l'note 
ment, and other employee benefits authorized by law, and for other 
nondiscretionary costs. 
(b) Amounts appropriated under this section are authorized to 
remain available until expended. 
, , 
. 
MISSION OF THE INTERNATIONAL COMMUNICATION 
AGENCY 
22 use 1461-1. 
SEC 202. The mission of the International Communication Agency 
shall be to further the national interest by improving United States 
relations with other countries and peoples through the broadest pos-
sible sharing of ideas, information, and educational and cultural activi-
ties. In carrying out this mission, the International Communication 
Agency shall, among other activities—• 
, , ., 
(1) conduct Government-sponsored information, educational, 
and cultural activities designed— 
(A) to provide other peoples with a better understanding 
of the policies, values, institutions, and culture of the United 
States; and 
(B) within the statutory limits governing domestic activi-
ties of the Agency, to enhance understanding on the part of 
PUBLIC LAW 95-426—OCT. 7, 1978 
92 STAT. 973 
i K: 
the Government and people of the United States of the his-
tory, culture, attitudes, perceptions, and aspirations of others; 
(2) encourage private institutions in the United States to 
develop their own exchange activities, and provide assistance for 
those exchange activities which are in the broadest national 
' 
interest; 
(3) coordinate international informational, educational, or cul-
tural activities conducted or planned by departments and agen-
cies of the United States Government; 
' ; 
(4) assist in the development of a comprehensive national policy 
' -> 
*
< 
* 
on international communications; and 
(5) promote United States participation in international events 
> 
relevant to the mission of the Agency. 
EXPANDED EXCHANGE 
ACTIVITIES 
SEC. 203. The President shall, by a process of gradual expansion 22 USC 1461-1 
during the four-year period beginning October 1, 1979, increase sig- °
*
'
*
®
-
nificantly the financial resources expended annually by the Interna-
tional Communication Agency for exchange-of-persons activities. The 
President shall prepare at an early date a general plan for the accom-
plishment of this goal and shall adjust that plan annually, as he finds 
appropriate, in consultation with the Congress. 
,:. 
TECHNICAL AND CLARirYING AMENDMENTS ON PERSONNEL AND 
OTHER MATTERS 
SEC. 204. (a) Section 104(e)(1) of the Mutual Educational and 
Cultural Exchange Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2454(e) (1)) is amended by 
striking out "President" and inserting, in lieu thereof "Director of the 
International Communication Agency". 
(b) (1) The Act entitled "An Act to promote the foreign policy of 
the ITnited States by strengthening and improving the Foreign Service 
personnel system of the United States Information Agency through 
establishment of a Foreign Service Information Officer Corps", 
approved August 20,1968, is amended in the first section, section 2, and 
section 12 (22 U.S.C. 1221, 1222, and 1232) by striking out "United 
States Information" and inserting in lieu thereof "International 
Communication". 
(2) Section 4 of that Act (22 U.S.C. 1224) is amended to read as 
follows: 
" A U T H O R I T Y 
O F T H E DIRECTOR 
"SEC. 4. Foreign Service information officers. Foreign Service 
Reserve officers. Foreign Service staff officers and employees, and alien 
clerks and employees of the Agency shall be under the direction and 
authority of the Director. Authority available to the Secretary of State 
with respect to Foreign Service officers. Foreign Service Reserve offi-
cers. Foreign Service staff officers and employees, or alien clerks and 
employees of the Department of State shall be available on the same 
basis to the Director with respect to Foreign Service information offi-
cers. Foreign Service Reserve officers. Foreign Service staff officers and 
employees, and alien clerks and employees of the Agency, except as 
provided in section 11 of this Act.". 
22 USC 1231. 
92 STAT. 974 
PUBLIC LAW 95-426—OCT. 7, 1978 
22 use 801 note. 
22 use 
1226-1229. 
(3) Section 10 of that Act (22 U.S.C. 1230) is amended to read as 
follows: 
"OTHER APPLICABLE PROVISIONS OF LAW 
"SEC. 10. All provisions of the Foreign Service Act of 1946 or of 
any other law, which apply to Foreign Service officers, Foreign Service 
Reserve officers. Foreign Service staff officers and employees, or alien 
clerks and employees of the Department of State and which are not 
referred to in sections 6 through 9 of this Act, shall be applicable to 
Foreign Service information officers, Foreign Service Reserve officers, 
Foreign Service staff officers and employees, or alien clerks and 
employees, as the case may be, of the Agency.". 
(4) Section 11 of that Act (22 U.S.C. 1231) is amended to read as 
follows: 
22 use 907, 
924. 
22 use 909. 
82 Stat. 810. 
91 Stat. 855. 
22 use 1475b. 
COMMISSIONING AND ASSIGNMENT AS DIPLOMATIC AND CONSULAR 
• 
OFFICERS 
"SEC. 11. (a) The Secretary of State may, upon request of the Direc-
tor, recommend to the President that Foreign Service information 
officers or Foreign Service Reserve officers of the Agency be commis-
sioned as diplomatic or consular officers, or both, in accordance with 
section 512 or 524 of the Foreign Service Act of 1946. 
"(b) The Secretary of State may, upon request of the Director, 
assign Foreign Service information officers or Foreign Service Reserve 
officers of the Agency, commissioned as diplomatic or consular officers, 
to serve under such commissions in accordance with sections 512 and 
514 or section 524 of the Foreign Service Act of 1946.". 
(5) (A) The title of the Act of August 20,1968, is amended to read 
as follows: "An Act to promote the foreign policy of the United 
States by strengthening and improving the Foreign Service personnel 
system of the International Communication Agency through establish-
ment of a Foreign Service Information Officer Corps.". 
(B) Effective October 1, 1978, clause (xv) of paragraph (2) of sec-
tion 5541 of title 5 of the United States Code, as added by section 
412(a)(1)(C) of the Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal 
Year 1978, is amended by striking out "United States Information" 
and inserting in lieu thereof "International Communication". 
(6) Paragraph (3) of section 522 of the Foreign Service Act of 
1946 (22 U.S.C. 922(3)) is amended by striking out "United States 
Information" and inserting in lieu thereof "International Communi-
cation". 
(7) Section 803(a)(4) of that Act (22 U.S.C. 1063(a)(4)) is 
amended by striking "United States Information" and inserting in 
lieu thereof "International Communication". 
(c) Title VIII of the United States Information and Educational 
Exchange Act of 1948 (22 U.S.C. 147l-^1475a) is amended by adding 
at the end thereof the following new section: 
" S E A L O F T H E INTERNATIONAL COMMUNICATION AGENCY 
"SEC. 807. The seal of the International Communication Agency 
shall be the arms and crest of the United States, encircled by the words 
'International Communication Agency'. Judicial notice shall be taken 
of the seal.". 
PUBLIC LAW 95-426—OCT. 7, 1978 
92 STAT. 975 
FUNCTIONS RELATING TO THE NATIONAL GALLERY O r ART 
SEC. 205. The Secretary of State may delegate to the Director of 
the International Communication Agency, with the consent of the 
Director, the functions vested in the Secretary by section 2(a) of the 
joint resolution entitled "Joint Resolution providing for the construc-
tion and maintenance of a National Gallery of Art", approved 
March 24,1937 (20 U.S.C. 72(a)). 
FUNCTIONS RELATING TO THE WOODROW WILSON INTERNATIONAL CENTER 
FOR SCHOLARS 
SEC. 206. (a) Subsection (b) of section 3 of the Woodrow Wilson 
Memorial Act of 1968 (20 U.S.C. 80f(b)) is amended— 
(1) in the text preceding paragraph (1) by striking out 
"fifteen" and inserting in lieu thereof "sixteen"; 
(2) by redesignating paragraphs (2) through (8) as para-
graphs (3) through (9),respectively; and 
(3) by striking out paragraph (1) and inserting in lieu thereof 
the following new paragraphs: 
" (1) the Secretary of State; 
"(2) 
the Director of the International 
Communication 
Agency;", 
(b) (1) Subsection (c) of that section (20 U.S.C. 80f (c)) is amended 
by striking out "(7)" and inserting in lieu thereof " ( 8 ) . 
' (2) Subsection (d) of that section (20 U.S.C. 80f(d)) is amended 
by striking out "(8)" and inserting in lieu thereof "(9)". 
DISTRIBUTION WITHIN THE UNITED STATES OF AN INTERNATIONAL COM-
MUNICATION AGENCY FILM ON ROY WILKINS 
SEC 207. Notwithstanding the second sentence of section 501 of the 
United States Information and Educational Exchange Act of 1948 
(22 U.S.C. 1461), the Director of the International Communication 
Agency shall, upon receipt of reimbursement for any expenses 
involved, make available to the Administrator of General Services, for 
deposit in the National Archives of the United States, a master copy 
of the film entitled "The Right to Dignity", and the Administrator 
shall make copies of such film available for purchase and public view-
ing in the United States. 
20 use 72 note. 
TITLE 
III—BOARD 
FOR INTERNATIONAL 
BROADCASTING 
AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS FOR FISCAL YEAR 1979 
SEC. 301. (a) Section 8(a) of the Board for International Broad-
casting Act of 1973 (22 U.S.C. 2877(a)) is amended— 
(1) in the text preceding paragraph (1) by striking out "1978" 
and inserting in lieu thereof "1979"; and 
(2) in paragraph (1), as amended by section 302 of this Act, by 
striking out "$79,448,000" and "$8,500,000" and inserting in lieu 
thereof "$88,180,000" and "$5,000,000", respectively. 
(b) The amendments made by subsection (a) of this section shall 
take effect on October 1, 1978. 
Effective date. 
22 use 2877 
note. 
92 STAT. 976 
PUBLIC LAW 95-426—OCT. 7, 1978 
SUPPLEMENTAL AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS FOR FISCAL YEAR 1978 
-
6
4 ,, >
; ; r 
SEC. 302. Section 8(a)(1) of the Board for International Broad-
casting Act of 1973 (22 U.S.C. 2877(a)(1)) is amended by striking 
out "$68,980,000" and "$5,000,000" and inserting in lieu thereof "$79,-
448,000" and "$8,500,000", respectively. 
COMPOSITION OF BOARD 
SEC. 303. Section 3(b) of the Board for International Broadcasting 
Act of 1973 (22 U.S.C. 2872(b)) is amended— 
(1) in paragraph (1) — 
(A) by amending the first sentence to read as follows: "The 
Board shall consist of seven members, two of whom shall be 
I; i 
ex officio members."; and 
(B) by striking out "of E,FE/RL, Incorporated, shall be an 
ex officio member" in the last sentence and inserting in lieu 
thereof "and the chairman of the Board of Directors of RFE/ 
RL, Incorporated, shall be ex officio members"; and 
(2) by amending paragraph (4) to read as follows: 
"(4) TERM OF OFFICE OF EX OFFICIO MEMBERS.—An ex officio mem-
^ 
ber of the Board shall serve on the Board during his or her term of 
service as chief operating executive or as chairman of the Board of 
Directors of RFE/RL, Incorporated, as the case may be.". 
REPRESENTATIONAL EXPENSES 
SEC. 304. (a) Section 4(a) of the Board for International Broad-
casting Act of 1973 (22 U.S.C. 2873(a)) is amended— 
(1) by redesignating paragraphs (8) and (9) as paragraphs (9) 
and (10), respectively; and 
(2) by inserting the following new paragraph (8) immediately 
after paragraph (7): 
"(8) to make available for its own use or for the use of R F E / 
RL, Incorporated, for official reception and representational 
expenses not to exceed $65,000 of the funds made available to 
carry out this Act each fiscal year;". 
22 use 2873 
(b) The amendment made by subsection (a) (2) of this section does 
°ote- 
not apply with respect to funds appropriated before the date of enact-
ment of this Act. 
>. 
, -
DISCLOSURE OF CONTRIBUTIONS 
SEC. 305. Section 5(c) of the Board for International Broadcast-
ing Act of 1973 (22 U.S.C. 2874(c)) is amended by inserting "(includ-
ing a contribution made to any corporation or other entity having a 
principal purpose of receiving private contributions on behalf of 
RFE/RL, Incorporated)" immediately after "a contribution to RFE/ 
RL, Incorporated,". 
TECHNICAL 
AMENDMENTS 
SEC. 306. (a) Section 8(a)(1) of the Board for International Broad-
casting Act of 1973 (22 U.S.C. 2877(a) (1)) is amended by striking 
out "Radio Free Europe and Radio Liberty" and inserting in lieu 
thereof "RFE/RL, Incorporated". 
(b) Section 8(b) of such Act (22 USC. 2877(b)) is amended by 
striking out "Radio Free Europe and Radio Liberty" and inserting 
in lieu thereof "RFE/RL, Incorporated". 
PUBLIC LAW 95-426—OCT. 7, 1978 
92 STAT. 977 
TJSE OF BROADCASTING FACILITIES BY COMMUNIST COUNTRIES 
SEC. 307. The Board for International Broadcasting Act of 1973 
(22 U.S.C. 2871-2877) is amended by adding at the end thereof the 
following new section: 
a-
USE OF BROADCASTING FACILITIES BY COMMUNIST COUNTRIES 
22 use 2878. 
"SEC. 9. No funds or other assistance may be provided by the Board 
under this Act to RFE/RL, Incorporated, if RFE/RL, Incorporated, 
permits any Communist country (within the meaning of section 620 
(f) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961) to use its broadcasting 22 USC 2370. 
facilities unless that Communist country permits RFE/RL, Incor-
porated, to use that country's broadcasting facilities on a comparable 
basis.". 
TITLE IV—FOREIGN SERVICE AND OTHER PERSONNEL 
EMPLOYMENT OF FAMILY MEMBERS OVERSEAS 
SEC. 401. (a) In order to expand employment opportunities for fam- 22 USC 889 note, 
ily members of United States Government personnel assigned abroad, 
the President shall— 
(1) seek to conclude such bilateral and multilateral agreements 
as will facilitate the employment of such family members in for-
eign economies; and 
(2) direct that at any United States post abroad where a qual-
ified family member is available to be hired, consideration shall 
be given, when continuity over a long term is not a significant 
consideration, to converting a vacant alien position to an American 
position for staffing by that family member. 
(b)(1) The section heading of section 444 of the Foreign Service Act 
of 1946 (22 U.S.C. 889) is amended to read as follows: "LOCAL COMPEN-
SATION PLANS". 
(2) Subsection (a)(1) of such section is amended to read as follows: Compensation 
"(a) (1) The Secretary shall, in accordance with such regulations plans, 
as he may prescribe, establish compensation plans for alien employees regulations, 
of the Service and for United States citizens employed by the Depart-
ment abroad who are family members of Government personnel serving 
in the same country. Such compensation plans shall be based upon pre-
vailing wages rates and compensation practices for corresponding types 
of positions in the locality, to the extent consistent with the public 
interest. Compensation plans established pursuant to this section may 
include provision for leave of absence with pay for alien employees 
in accordance with prevailing law and employment practices in the 
locality of employment, without regard to section 6310 of title 5, United 
States Code.". 
(3) Subsection (b) of such section is amended by striking out "alien 
employee programs" and inserting in lieu thereof "employment pro-
grams for aliens, and for family members of Government personnel 
serving abroad,". 
(4) Such section is further amended by adding at the end thereof Regulations, 
the following new subsection: 
"(d) The Secretary of State shall prescribe regulations authorizing 
the employment abroad, and providing for the compensation, of fam-
ily members of Government personnel.". 
92 STAT. 978 
PUBLIC LAW 95-426—OCT. 7, 1978 
Report to 
Speaker of the 
House and Senate 
committee. 
22 u s e 889 note. 
22 u s e 2693. 
(c) Not later than January 20, 1979, the Secretary of State shall 
transmit to the Speaker of "the House of Representatives and the 
chairman of the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate a 
report describing fully and completely the actions taken by the Depart-
ment of State pursuant to this section and section 413 of the Foreign 
Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Year 1978. 
SPECIAL ALLOWANCES 
SEC. 402. (a) Title IV of the Foreign Service Act of 1946 (22 U.S.C. 
861-890) is amended by adding at the end thereof the following new 
part: 
"PART F—ADDITIONAL COMPENSATION 
a SPECIAL ALLOWANCES 
22 use 896. 
«SEC. 451. If he finds it to be in the best interests of the Service, 
the Secretary may, under such conditions as he may determine, pay 
special allowances, in addition to compensation otherwise authorizedf, 
to Foreign Service officers who are required because of the nature of 
their assignments to perform additional work on a regular basis in 
substantial excess of normal requirements.". 
Effective date. 
(b) The amendment made by this section shall take effect on Octo-
22 use 896 note, ber 1, 1978. 
Effective date. 
22 u s e 966 note. 
ASSIGNMENTS TO PUBLIC OR PRIVATE NONPROFIT ORGANIZATIONS 
SEC. 403. (a) Section 576 of the Foreign Service Act of 1946 (22 
U.S.C. 966) is amended— 
(1) in the section heading by inserting "OR PRIVATE NONPROFIT" 
immediately after "PUBLIC" ; 
(2) in subsection (a) (1)— 
(A) by striking out "before their fifteenth year of service 
as such officers" and inserting in lieu thereof "after their 
seventh year of service (counting service as a Foreign Service 
officer and prior service as a Foreign Service Reserve offi-
cer)"; and 
(B) by inserting "or private nonprofit" immediately after 
"or other public"; 
(3) at the end of subsection (a) (2) by inserting the following: 
"Reimbursement for an assignment to a Member or office of the 
Senate shall be made at the rate of one-half of the current salary 
of the Foreign Service officer (who shall continue to be paid his 
or her full salary by the Department of State)."; and 
(4) by striking out subsection (f) and inserting in lieu thereof 
the following new subsection: 
"(f) The Secretary may reimburse a Foreign Service officer for 
relocation expenses incident to household moves necessitated by an 
assignment under this section for which the officer is not entitled to be 
reimbursed under any other provision of law. For purposes of such 
reimbursement, regulations issued pursuant to section 5724a(a) (3) of 
title 5, United States Code, shall apply to the same extent as if the 
officer were entitled to be reimbursed for travel and transportation 
expenses under section 5724 (a) of that title.". 
(b) Section 576(f) of the Foreign Service Act of 1946, as added by 
subsection (a) (4) of this section, shall take effect on October 1, 1978, 
but shall apply with respect to relocation expenses incurred after the 
date of enactment of this Act. 
PUBLIC LAW 95-426—OCT. 7, 1978 
92 STAT. 979 
FACILITATING VOLUNTARY RETIREMENTS 
SEC. 404. Part D of title VI of the Foreign Service Act of 1946 
(22 U.S.C. 1001-1008) is amended by adding at the end thereof the 
following new section: 
" F A C I L I T A T I N G VOLUNTARY R E T I R E M E N T S 
"SEC. 639. In order to facilitate their transition from the Service, the 
Secretary may provide professional career counseling, advice, and 
placement assistance, by contract or otherwise (subject to the avail-
ability of appropriations), to officers and employees of the Service, 
other than those separated for cause.". 
ORIENTATION AND LANGUAGE TRAINING FOR FAMILY MEMBERS 
SEC. 405. (a) (1) Title VII of the Foreign Service Act of 1946 (22 
U.S.C. 1041-1047) is amended by adding at the end thereof the follow-
ing new section: 
"ORIENTATION AND LANGUAGE TRAINING FOR FAMILY MEMBERS 
"SEC. 708. (a) To facilitate orientation and language training pro-
vided to members of families of officers and employees of the Govern-
ment pursuant to section 701, the Secretary may make grants to family 
members attending language and orientation programs of study of the 
Institute. No such grant may exceed the amount actually expended for 
necessary costs incurred in conjunction with such attendance, and in 
no event may any such grant exceed $300 per month per individual. 
No individual may receive such a grant for more than six months in 
connection with any one assignment. 
"(b) If a member of the family of an officer or employee of the Gov-
ernment who is assigned abroad is unable to participate in language 
training provided by the Department at the Institute or elsewhere, the 
Secretary may partially compensate that family member for language 
training, related to the assignment abroad, which is undertaken at a 
public or private institution.". 
(2) The amendment made by paragraph (1) of this subsection shall 
take effect on October 1,1978. 
(b) Not later than January 1, 1980, the Secretary of State shall 
transmit to the Speaker of the House of Representatives and the chair-
man of the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate a report on 
the programs authorized by the amendment made by this section. The 
Secretary shall include in this report a recommendation with regard to 
whether those programs should remain in effect, be modified, or be 
terminated. 
SPECIAL COMPUTATION OF ANNUITIES 
SEC. 406. Notwithstanding the first sentence of section 821 (a) of the 
Foreign Service Act of 1946 (22 U.S.C. 1076(a)), the annuity of any 
participant in the Foreign Service Retirement and Disability System 
whose salary was or is limited by the provisions of section 5308 of title 
5, United States Code, and who retires during the period beginning 
October 1, 1978, and ending December 31, 1979, shall be equal to 2 per 
centum of his or her basic salary for the highest year of service for 
which contributions have been made to the Foreign Service Retirement 
and Disability Fund multiplied by the number of years, not exceed-
Career counseling 
and assistance. 
22 u s e lOOSL 
Grants. 
22 u s e 104ft. 
22 u s e 1041. 
Effective date. 
22 u s e 104ii 
note. 
Report to 
Speaker of the 
House and Senate 
committee. 
22 u s e 104({ 
note. 
22 u s e 107(3 
note. 
92 STAT. 980 
PUBLIC LAW 95-426—OCT. 7, 1978 
ing thirty-five, of service credit obtained in accordance with the provi-
sions of sections 851 and 853 of the Foreign Service Act of 1946 (22 
U.S.C. 1091 and 1093). 
Effective date. 
22 use 1136 
note. 
Effective date. 
22 use 1136 
note. 
Effective date. 
22 use 1136 
note. 
Repeal. 
22 use 867 note. 
REST AND RECUPERATION TRAVEL 
SEC. 407. (a) Section 911(9) of the Foreign Service Act of 1946 
(22 U.S.C. 1136(9)) is amended by inserting "or to the United States" 
immediately after "serving" the second place it appears. 
(b) The amendment made by subsection (a) shall take effect on 
October 1,1978. 
REDUCING FAMILY SEPARATIONS DURING TEMPORARY ASSIGNMENTS 
SEC. 408. (a) Section 911(10) of the Foreign Service Act of 1946 
(22 U.S.C. 1136(10)) is amended by striking out "his" and inserting 
in lieu thereof "or from a". 
(b) The amendment made by subsection (a) shall take effect on 
October 1,1978. 
PER DIEM AND SUBSISTENCE ALLOWANCES 
SEC. 409. (a) Section 911 of the Foreig;n Service Act of 1946 (22 
U.S.C. 1136) is amended— 
(1) by striking out the period at the end of paragraph (11) 
and inserting in lieu thereof "; and"; and 
(2) by adding at the end thereof the following new paragraph: 
"(12) without regard to rates provided under the authority 
of section 5702 of title 5, United States Code, the travel expenses 
of employees of the Department on protective security missions 
within the United States, its territories and possessions, the Com-
monwealth of Puerto Rico, and the Canal Zone, at not to exceed 
the cost of lodging plus $24 per day.", 
(b) The amendments made by subsection (a) shall take effect on 
October 1,1978. 
C O M P E N S A T I O N 
F O R J U N I O R FOREIGN SERVICE OFFICERS 
SEC. 410. Section 412(b) of the Foreign Relations Authorization 
Act, Fiscal Year 1978, is repealed. 
5 use 5926. 
5 use 5541. 
C O M P E N S A T O R Y T I M E O F F A T CERTAIN POSTS I N FOREIGN AREAS 
SEC. 411. (a) Subchapter III of chapter 59 of title 5, United States 
Code, is amended by adding at the end thereof the following new 
section: 
"§ 5926. Compensatory time off at certain posts in foreign areas 
"(a) Under regulations prescribed pursuant to this subchapter, and 
notwithstanding subchapter Y of chapter 55 of this title or any other 
law, the head of an agency may, on request of an employee serving 
in a foreign area— 
"(1) at an isolated post performing functions required to be 
maintained on a substantially continuous basis, grant the employee 
compensatory time off for an equal amount of time spent in regju-
larly scheduled overtime work; or 
PUBLIC LAW 95-426—OCT. 7, 1978 
92 STAT. 981 
"(2) at a post in a locality that customarily observes irregular 
hours of work or where other special conditions are present, in 
order to cope with those special circumstances, grant the employee 
compensatory time off for an equal amount of time spent in regu-
larly scheduled overtime work for use during the pay period in 
which it is earned. 
Credit for compensatory time off earned under paragraph (2) shall 
not form the basis for any additional compensation. 
"(b) Compensatory time earned under this section shall be for use 
only while the employee is assigned to the post where it is earned. Any 
such compensatory time not used at the time the employee is reassigned 
to another post shall be forfeited.". 
(b) The section analysis for such chapter is amended by inserting 
the following new item immediately after the item relating to section 
5925: 
"5926. Compensatory time off at certain posts in foreign areas.". 
TECHNICAL AMENDMENTS CORRECTING PRINTING ERRORS 
SEC. 412. (a) Section 444(c) (1) (B) of the Foreign Service Act of 
1946 (22 U.S.C. 889(c) (1) (B)) is amended by striking out "chapter 
8" and inserting in lieu thereof "chapter 81". 
(b) Section 411(a) of the Foreign Relations Authorization Act, 
Fiscal Year 1978, is amended by striking out "section 824" and insert-
ing in lieu thereof "section 821". 
(c) The amendments made by this section shall be effective as of 
August 17, 1977. 
22 u s e 1004 
note. 
Effective date. 
22 u s e 889 note. 
REVIEW o r FOREIGN SERVICE PERSONNEL REQUIREMENTS AND 
COMPENSATION 
SEC 413. (a) The Congress finds that— 
22 USe 811a 
(1) since 1960, the United States has expanded its diplomatic note, 
representation abroad from approximately eighty countries to 
approximately one hundred and thirty countries; 
(2) despite such expanded responsibilities, and despite a sig-
nificantly increased consular workload in all countries in which 
the United States is represented, the total number of personnel of 
the Department of State has remained approximately the same; 
and 
(3) although the responsibilities and necessary qualifications 
for individual Foreign Service positions continue to change, 
compensation for Foreign Service personnel continues to be linked 
to compensation for General Schedule employees at a level estab-
lished years ago. 
(b) It is therefore the sense of the Congress that the Secretary of 
State should conduct a thorough review of the personnel needs of the 
Foreign Service and of the suitability of the current compensation 
system. 
(c) Not later than January 20, 1979, the Secretary of State shall Report to 
transmit to the Speaker of the House of Representatives and to the Speaker of the 
chairman of the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate a House and Senate 
report setting forth fully and completely— 
committee. 
(1) the results of such review; and 
(2) such recommendations as the Secretary finds appropriate. 
92 STAT. 982 
PUBLIC LAW 95-426—OCT. 7, 1978 
TITLE 
V—SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, 
AND 
AMERICAN 
DIPLOMACY 
F I N D I N G S 
• 
. , - ; - : • • 
22 use 2656a. 
SEC. 50L The Congress jBiids that— 
(1) the consequences of modern scientific and technological 
advances are of such major significance in United States foreign 
policy that understanding and appropriate knowledge of modern 
science and technology by officers and employees of the United 
States Government are essential in the conduct of modern 
diplomacy; 
(2) many problems and opportunities for development in mod-
ern diplomacy lie in scientific and technological fields; 
(3) in the formulation, implementation, and evaluation of the 
technological aspects of United States foreign policy, the United 
States Government should seek out and consult with both public 
and private industrial, academic, and research institutions con-
cerned with modern technology; and 
(4) the effective use of science and technology in international 
relations for the mutual benefit of all countries requires the devel-
opment and use of the skills and methods of long-range planning. 
DECLARATION OF POLICY 
22 use 2656b. 
SEC. 502. In order to maximize the benefits and to minimize the 
adverse consequences of science and technology in the conduct of for-
eign policy, the Congress declares the following to be the policy of 
the United States: 
(1) Technological opportunities, impacts, changes, and threats 
should ibe anticipated and assessed, and appropriate measures 
should be implemented to influence such technological develop-
ments in ways beneficial to the United States and other countries. 
(2) The mutually beneficial applications of technology in 
bilateral and multilateral agreements and activities involving the 
United States and foreign countries or international organiza-
tions should be recognized and supported as an important element 
of United States foreign policy. 
(3) The United States Government should implement appro-
priate measures to insure that individuals are trained in the use 
of science and technology as an instrument in international rela-
tions and that officers and employees of the United States Govern-
ment engaged in formal and informal exchanges of scientific and 
technical information, personnel, and hardware are knowledge-
able in international affairs. 
(4) In recognition of the environmental and technological fac-
tors that change relations among countries and in recognition of 
the growing interdependence between the domestic and foreign 
policies and programs of the United States, United States foreign 
policy should be continually reviewed by the executive and legis-
lative branches of the Government to insure appropriate and 
timely application of science and technology to the conduct of 
' '^m 
United States foreign policy. 
PUBLIC LAW 95-426—OCT. 7, 1978 
92 STAT. 983 
RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE PRESIDENT 
SEC. 503. (a) The President, in consultation with the Director of Consultation, 
the Office of Science and Technology Policy and other officials whom 22 USC 265«5c. 
the President considers appropriate, shall— 
(1) notwithstanding any other provision of law, insure that 
the Secretary of State is informed and consulted before any 
agency of the United States Government takes any major action, 
primarily involving science or technology, with respect to any for-
eign government or international organization; 
(2) identify and evaluate elements of major domestic science 
and technology programs and activities of the United States Gov-
ernment with significant international implications; 
(3) identify and evaluate international scientific or technologi-
cal developments with significant implications for domestic pro-
grams and activities of the United States Government; and 
(4) assess and initiate appropriate international scientific and 
technological activities which are based upon domestic scientific 
and technological activities of the United States Government and 
which are beneficial to the United States and foreign countries, 
(b) The President shall study and not later than January 31, 1980, Presidential 
and not later than January 31 of each year thereafter, shall transmit to report, 
the Congress a report containing recommendations with respect to— 
teansmittal 
to 
(1) personnel requirements, and standards and training for ^^^g^'^^s-
service of officers and employees of the United States Government, 
with respect to assignments in any Federal agency which involve 
foreign relations and science or technology; and 
(2) the continuation of existing bilateral and multilateral 
activities and agreements primarily involving science and tech-
nology, including (A) an analysis of the foreign policy implica-
tions and the scientific and technological benefits of such activities 
or agreements for the United States and other parties, (B) the 
:'^' adequacy of the funding for and administration of such activities 
" 
and agreements, and (C) plans for future evaluation of such 
activities and agreements on a routine basis. 
(c) Except as otherwise provided by law, nothing in this section 
shall be construed as requiring the pul)lic disclosure of sensitive infor-
mation relating to intelligence sources or methods or to persons 
enijajred in monitoring scientific or technological developments for 
intelligence purposes. 
RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE SECRETARY OF STATE 
SEC. 504. (a) In order to implement the policy set forth in section 22 USC 265(5d. 
502 of this title, the Secretary of State (hereafter in this section 
referred to as the "Secretary") shall have primary responsibility for 
coordination and oversight with respect to all major science or science 
and technology agreements and activities between the United States 
and foreign countries, international organizations, or commissions of 
which the TTnited States and one or more foreign countries are 
members. 
(b) The Secretary shall, to such extent or in such amounts as are Contracts and 
provided in appropriation Acts, enter into long-term contracts, includ- grants, 
ing contracts for the services of consultants, and shall make grants and 
take other appropriate measures in order to obtain studies, analyses, 
and recommendations from knowledgeable persons and organizations 
92 STAT. 984 
PUBLIC LAW 95-426—OCT. 7, 1978 
Report to 
congressional 
committees. 
with respect to the application of science or technology to problems of 
foreign policy. 
(c) The Secretary shall, to such extent or in such amounts as are 
provided in appropriation Acts, enter into short-term and long-term 
contracts, including contracts for the services of consultants, and 
shall make grants and take other appropriate measures in order to 
obtain assistance from knowledgeable persons and organizations in 
training officers and employees of the United States Government, at all 
levels of the Foreign Service and Civil Service— 
(1) in the application of science and technology to problems 
of United States foreign policy and international relations gen-
erally; and 
(2) in the skills of long-range planning and analysis with 
respect to the scientific and technological aspects of United States 
foreign policy. 
(d) In obtaining assistance pursuant to subsection (c) in training 
personnel who are officers or employees of the Department of State, 
the Secretary may provide for detached service for graduate study at 
accredited colleges and universities. 
(e) Not later than January 20, 1979, the Secretary shall transmit to 
the Committee on Appropriations and the Committee on International 
Relations of the House of Representatives, and to the Committee on 
Appropriations and the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate, 
a report on the implementation of the responsibilities of the Secretary 
under this title. Such report shall include the following information: 
an assessment of the personnel required in order to carry out such 
responsibilities; existing and planned programs for research and 
analysis to support long-range planning for the application of science 
and technology to foreign policy; existing and planned programs for 
training officers and employees of the United States Government pur-
suant to subsection (c) of this section; and existing and planned pro-
grams to enter into long-term contracts with academic and other 
organizations for assistance in training and in obtaining studies, 
analyses, and recommendations with respect to the application of 
science or technology to problems of foreign policy. 
TITLE VI—POLICY PROVISIONS 
INTERNATIONAL COMMUNICATIONS POLICY 
SEC. 601. (a) The Congress finds that— 
(1) a series of multilateral meetings scheduled to convene in 
1978 and 1979 (including the twentieth General Conference of 
the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Orga-
nization; the Thirty-second United Nations General Assembly; 
the United Nations Conference on Science and Technology for De-
velopment; and the World Administrative Radio Conference of 
the International Telecommunications Union) will address a com-
plex variety of international communications and information 
issues and will likely, through the promulgation of binding agree-
ments relating to such issues, have a significant and lasting effect 
on the free flow of information and ideas among the countries of 
the world; and 
(2) since the United States is the leading user of communica-
tions channels and information in the world, the United States 
Government should have a comprehensive policy regarding the 
• various communications and information issues that have entered 
PUBLIC LAW 95-426—OCT. 7, 1978 
92 STAT. 985 
international discussions and should establish an effective mecha-
nism by which to develop and coordinate United States policy on 
such issues, 
(b) Not later than January 20,1979, the President shall transmit to 
the Speaker of the House of Kepresentatives, and to the chairman of 
the Committee on Foreign Relations and the chairman of the Commit-
tee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate, a report 
describing fully and completely— 
(1) procedures the President has established by which to 
develop and maintain a comprehensive United States policy 
regarding international communications and information issues; 
and 
(2) goals and positions of the United States with regard to 
anticipated international meetings which will address communi-
cations and information issues. 
The President shall transmit supplementary reports to the Congress 
as modifications, if any, occur in such goals and positions. 
Presidential 
report, 
transmittal to 
Speaker of the 
House and 
congressional 
committees. 
ACTION CONCERNING RESOURCES 
SEC. 602. It is the sense of the Congress that the President should 
convey to all countries having an interest in cetacean sea life the 
serious concern of the Congress regarding the continuing destruction 
of these marine mammals (highlighted by the recent slaughter of 
dolphins in the Sea of Japan by Japanese fishermen) and should 
encourage such countries— 
(1) to join in international discussions with other such countries 
in order to advance general understanding of cetacean life and 
thereby facilitate an effective use of the living marine resources 
of the world which does not jeopardize the natural balance of the 
aquatic environment; 
(2) to participate in an exchange of information with the 
National Marine Fisheries Service of the United States Depart-
ment of Commerce, including cooperation in studies of— 
(A) the impact of cetaceans on ecologically related human 
foodstuffs, and 
(B) alternative methods of dealing with cetacean prob-
lems as they occur; 
(3) to cooperate in establishing an international cetacean com-
mission to advance understanding of cetacean life and to insure 
the effective conservation and protection of cetaceans on a global 
scale; and 
(4) to adopt comprehensive marine mammal protection 
legislation. 
16 use 1361 
note. 
INTERNATIONAL JOURNALISTIC 
FREEDOM 
SEC. 603. (a) The Congress finds that— 
(1) news dissemination and the free flow of information across 
national boundaries are vital to international understanding and 
to healthy relations among countries; and 
(2) recurring and reliable reports strongly indicate that in 
many countries foreign news correspondents are subject to gov-
ernmental harassment and restriction, including the denial of 
access to legitimate news sources, the imposition of censorship, 
and detention, incarceration, and expulsion. 
22 use 2656 
note. 
92 STAT. 986 
PUBLIC LAW 95-426—OCT. 7, 1978 
(b) It is therefore the sense of the Congress that the President 
should— 
(1) advise the appropriate officials of any foreign government 
which subjects foreign news correspondents to harassment and 
restrictions that the United States considers such mistreatment 
'• 
a significant and potentially damaging factor in overall relations 
of the United States with such country; and 
(2) raise in appropriate international forums the issue of the 
treatment of foreign news correspondents, with a view toward 
gaining multilateral support for the legitimate rights of such 
correspondents. 
Presidential 
(c) Not later than January 20,1979, the President shall transmit to 
report, 
the Speaker of the House of Kepresentatives and the chairman of the 
transmittal to 
Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate a report describing 
Speaker of the 
fully and completely actions taken pursuant to subsection (b). 
House and Senate 
committee. 
INTERNATIONAL FOOD RESERVE 
22 use 2220 
SEC. 604. (a) The Congress finds that— 
note. 
(1) half a billion people suffer regularly from malnutrition or 
undernutrition; 
(2) even very modest shortfalls in crop production can result 
in greatly increased human suffering, and undercut the benefits 
of bilateral and multilateral assistance programs, in poor devel-
oping countries with chronic food deficits; 
(3) increasing variability in world food production and trade 
presents a serious threat not only to consumers but also to 
producers; 
(4) the World Food Conference recognized the urgent need 
for an international undertaking to achieve a system of world food 
security based largely upon strategic food reserves: 
(5) the Congress through legislation has repeatedly urged the 
President to negotiate with other nations to establish such a sys-
tem of reserves; 
(6) although the nations of the world have agreed to begin dis-
cussions on a system of grain reserves to regulate food availability, 
a«?reement on a global network of nationally held reserves still 
eludes the international community ; 
(7) while some progress has taken place in the United States 
in creating domestic farmer held reserves, the scale of such 
reserves does not insure adequate protection against fluctuations 
in world production and price; and 
(8) the United States, as the world's leading producer of food-
stuffs, remams m a unique position to provide the leadership neces-
sary to make world food security a reality. 
(b) It is therefore the sense of the Congress that the President 
should continue his efforts directed toward achievement of an agree-
ment establishing an international network of nationally held grain 
reserves which provides for supply assurance to consumers and income 
security to producers. 
SPANISH DEMOCRACY 
SEC. 605. (a) The Congress finds that— 
(1) the Senate, in rendering its advice and consent to ratifica-
tion of the Treaty of Friendship and Cooperation between the 
27 UST 3005. 
United States and Spain (signed on January 24, 1976), declared 
PUBLIC LAW 95-426—OCT. 7, 1978 
92 STAT. 987 
its hope and intent that the Treaty would serve to support and 
foster Spain's progress toward free institutions; 
(2) this declaration reflected the strong desire of the United 
States Government and the American people to see a restoration 
of democracy in Spain and an expansion of mutually beneficial 
relations between Spain and the democracies of America and 
Europe; and 
(3) political developments in Spain during the past two years 
constitute a major step toward the construction of a stable and 
lasting Spanish democracy. 
(b) The Congress finds further that— 
(1) the masterpiece "Guernica", painted by Pablo Picasso, has 
for four decades been a powerful and poig^iant symbol of the hor-
ror of war; 
(2) this treasured painting, while universal in its significance, 
holds special meaning for the people of Spain by its representa-
tion of the tragic civil war which destroyed Spanish democracy; 
(3) Pablo Picasso, having painted "Guernica" for the Spanish 
Republican Government and concerned for Spain's future when 
that government fell, stipulated that the painting should remain 
in the custody of the Museum of Modern Art in New York until 
Spanish democracy had been restored; and 
(4) the United States and Spain, in a Supplementary Agree-
ment entered into with the Treaty of Friendship and Cooperation, 
have committed themselves to expand their cooperation in the 
fields of education and culture. 
(c) It is therefore the sense of the Congress, anticipating the con-
tinuance of recent promising developments in Spanish political life, 
that "Guernica" should, at some point in the near future and through 
appropriate legal procedures, be transferred to the people and Govern-
ment of a democratic Spain. 
(d) It is further the sense of the Congress that the American people, 
having long benefited from this treasure and admiring Spain's achieve-
ment, would wish, as an expression of aj)preciation and congratulation 
upon the transfer of "Guernica" to Spain, to assist in the preparation 
of facilities for the permanent display of the painting, if such assist-
ance is found to be appropriate by the elected leaders of Spain. 
"Guernica " by 
Picasso, transfer 
to Spain. 
DISCRIMINATORV TRADE PRACTICES AFFECTING UNITED STATES FOREIGN 
RELATIONS 
SEC. 606, (a) The Congress finds that those provisions of United 
States statutes which authorize or require suspension of or discrimina-
tion with respect to all trade between the United States and a particu-
lar foreign country and which affect, directly and significantly, the 
conduct of the United States foreign relations should be periodically 
reevaluated by the President and the Congress. 
(b) Therefore, not later than January 20, 1979, the President shall 
transmit to the Speaker of the House of Representatives, and to the 
chairman of the Committee on Foreign Relations and the chairmen of 
other appropriate committees of the Senate, a report which— 
(1) identifies all statutory provisions which provide for such 
discriminatory trade practices; 
(2) evaluates each such practice; and 
(3) recommends, in the form of draft legislation, such amend-
ments to those provisions as the President certifies would in his 
judgment advance United States foreign policy interests. 
22 use 2842 
note. 
Presidential 
report, 
transmittal to 
Speaker of the 
House and 
Senate 
committees. 
39-194 O—80—pt. 1 
66 : QL3 
92 STAT. 988 
PUBLIC LAW 95-426—OCT. 7, 1978 
22 use 2656 
note. 
22 use 2656d 
note. 
Multilateral 
agreement. 
Report to 
Speaker of the 
House and Senate 
committee. 
CONDUCT OF DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS 
SKC. 607. The Congress finds that the conduct of diplomatic relations 
with a foreign government has as its principal purpose the discussion 
and negotiation with that government of outstanding issues and, like 
the recognition of a foreign government, does not in itself imply 
approval of that government or of the political-economic system it 
represents. 
NUCLEAR-POWERED 
SATELLITES 
SEC. 608. (a) The Congress finds that— 
(1) no international regime governs the use of nuclear-powered 
satellites in space; 
(2) the unregulated use of such technology poses the possibility 
of catastrophic damage to human life and the global environment; 
and 
(3) this danger has been evidenced by mishaps encountered, 
despite certain precautions, by nuclear-powered satellites of both 
the United States and the Soviet Union. 
(b) It is therefore the sense of the Congress that the United States 
should take the initiative immediately in seeking a multilateral agree-
ment governing the use of nuclear-powered satellites in space. 
(c) Not later than January 20, 1979, the Secretary of State shall 
transmit to the Speaker of the House of Representatives and the chair-
man of the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate a report on 
actions taken by the United States Government pursuant to subsection 
(b). 
WORLD ALTERNATE ENERGY CONFERENCE 
SEC. 609. (a) The Congress finds that— 
(1) increasing global dependence on fossil fuels, particularly 
oil and natural gas, when existing supplies are rapidly being 
depleted, is costly to developed and developing countries both 
environmentally and economically; 
(2) the uncontrolled spread of nuclear power carries serious 
dangers due to waste pollution and the possibility of accidents or 
material diversion; 
(3) expanded development and use of alternate, nonconven-
tional, or renewable sources of energy (including solar energy, 
wind, biomass waste materials, and alcohol fuels) could assist all 
countries in satisfying rising energy demands, while reducing 
environmental and economic risk; 
(4) no international agency exists at present which assists coun-
tries in exchanging information and technical assistance concern-
ing energy-related problems or which promotes the development 
and use of alternate energy sources; and 
(5) an international agency performing these functions could 
be of benefit to all countries and could be particularly effective in 
assisting developing countries to become more self-sufficient and 
thereby to increase their standard of living. 
(b) It is therefore the sense of the Congress that the United States 
should encourage the United Nations to convene a World Alternate 
Energy Conference in 1981 for the purpose of considering ways to meet 
the energy needs of the world through the development and use of 
alternate energy sources. Among proposals considered at such a con-
ference should be the establishment, under United Nations auspices, 
PUBLIC LAW 95-426—OCT. 7, 1978 
92 STAT. 989 
of an International Alternate Energy Commission to encourage the 
worldwide use of alternate energy sources by assisting in the dissemi-
nation of information and by other appropriate means. 
(c) Not later than January 20, 1980, the Secretary of State shall 
transmit to the Speaker of the House of Eepresentatives and the chair-
man of the Committee on Foreign Kelations of the Senate a report 
on actions taken pursuant to subsection (b). 
Report to 
Speaker of the 
House and Senate 
committee. 
ATROCITIES IN CAMBODIA AND UGANDA 
SEC. 610. (a) The Congress finds that reliable reports of events in 
Cambodia and Uganda attest to the existence of governmental prac-
tices in those countries of such systematic and extensive brutality 
as to require special notice and continuing condemnation by outside 
observers. 
(b) Recognizing the limited direct influence of the United States in 
Cambodia and Uganda, the Congress urges the President to move 
aggressively to support multilateral action by the United Nations and 
other international organizations, and to encourage bilateral action by 
countries having more extensive relations with Cambodia and Uganda, 
to bring an end to the brutal and inhumane practices of the govern-
ments of those two countries. 
(c) Not later than January 20, 1979. the Secretary of State shall 
transmit to the Speaker of the House of Representatives and the chair-
man of the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate a report 
describing fully and completely actions taken pursuant to subsection 
(d) It is the sense of the Congress that the President should— 
(1) prohibit the export of military, paramilitary, and police 
equipment to Uganda; 
(2) direct that the visa application of any official or employee 
of the Government of Uganda seeking to enter the United States 
for the purpose of military, paramilitary, or police training, may 
be approved by a consular officer only after the appropriate offi-
cial of the Department of State in Washington has reviewed the 
application and has determined that the Government of Uganda 
has demonstrated a proper respect for the rule of law and for 
internationally recognized human rights; and 
(3) instruct the Permanent Representative of the United States 
to the United Nations to submit to the Security Council of the 
United Nations for its consideration a resolution imposing a 
mandatory arms embargo on Uganda by all members of the 
United Nations. 
22 use 2151 
note. 
Report to 
Speaker of the 
House and Senate 
committee. 
Uganda, 
prohibitions. 
EQUITABLE TREATMENT OF UNITED STATES CITIZENS LIVING ABROAD 
SEC. 611. (a) The Congress finds that— 
(1) United States citizens living abroad should be provided 
fair and equitable treatment by the United States Government 
with regard to taxation, citizenship of progeny, veterans' benefits, 
voting rights. Social Security benefits, and other obligations, 
rights, and benefits; and 
(2) such fair and equitable treatment would be facilitated by 
a periodic review of statutes and regulations affecting Americans 
living abroad. 
22 use 1731 
note. 
92 STAT. 990 
PUBLIC LAW 95-426—OCT. 7, 1978 
Presidential 
report, 
transmittal to 
Speaker of the 
House and Senate 
committee. 
(b) Not, later than January 20,1979, the President shall transmit to 
the Speaker of the House of Representatives and the chairman of the 
Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate a report which— 
(1) identifies all United States statutes and regulations which 
discriminate against United States citizens living abroad; 
(2) evaluates each such discriminatory practice; and 
(3) recommends legislation and any other remedial action the 
President finds appropriate to eliminate unfair or inequitable 
treatment of Americans living abroad. 
42 use 7415 
note. 
Cooperative 
agreement. 
22 use 2370 
note. 
50 u s e app. 
2401 note. 
UNITED STATES-CANADIAN NEGOTIATIONS ON AIR QUALITY 
SEC. 612. (a) The Congress finds that— 
(1) the United States and Canada share a common environ-
ment along a 5,500 mile border; 
(2) the United States and Canada are both becoming increas-
ingly concerned about the effects of pollution, particularly that 
resulting from power generation facilities, since the facilities of 
each country affect the environment of the other; 
(3) the United States and Canada have subscribed to inter-
national conventions; have joined in the environmental work of 
the United Nations, the Organization for Economic Cooperation 
and Development, and other international environmental forums; 
and have entered into and implemented effectively the provisions 
of the historic Boundary Waters Treaty of 1909; and 
(4) the United States and Canada have a tradition of coopera-
tive resolution of issues of mutual concern which is nowhere more 
evident than in the environmental area. 
(b) It is the sense of the Congress that the President should make 
every effort to negotiate a cooperative agreement with the Government 
of Canada aimed at preserving the mutual airshed of the United 
States and Canada so as to protect and enhance air resources and 
insure the attainment and maintenance of air quality protective of pub-
lic health and welfare. 
(c) It is further the sense of the Congress that the President, through 
the Secretary of State working in concert with interested Federal agen-
cies and the affected States, should take whatever diplomatic actions 
appear necessary to reduce or eliminate any undesirable impact upon 
the United States and Canada resulting from air pollution from any 
source. 
CUBAN PRESENCE I N AFRICA 
SEC. 613. (a) The Congress finds that— 
(1) the President authorized the exchange of notes of May 30, 
1977, between the Governments of the United States and Cuba 
which established an Interests Section for the United States in 
the Embassy of Switzerland in Havana and an Interests Section 
for Cuba in the Embassy of Czechoslovakia in Washington; 
(2) the President has the authority under the Export Admin-
istration Act of 1969 to limit trade with Cuba being conducted by 
subsidiaries of American firms operating in third countries; 
(3) the President has the power to sever all diplomatic and eco-
nomic relations with Cuba; and 
(4) there has been a sharp increase in the number of Cuban 
military personnel serving in Africa in the past year. 
PUBLIC LAW 95-426—OCT. 7, 1978 
92 STAT. 991 
(b) It is therefore the sense of the Congress that the President 
should— 
(1) undertake a comprehensive review of United States diplo-
matic and economic relations with Cuba; and 
(2) not later than January 20,1979, transmit to the Speaker of 
the House of Representatives and the chairman of the Committee 
on Foreign Relations of the Senate a report based on such review. 
r. 
PALESTINIAN RIGHTS UNITS 
SEC. 614. (a) The Congress, noting United Nations General 
Assembly Resolution 3376 (XXX) which established the Committee on 
the Exercise of the Inalienable Rights of the Palestinian People and 
noting United Nations General Assembly Resolutions 32/40/A and 
32/40/B which continued the mandate of that Committee and 
requested that the Secretary General establish within the Secretariat 
of the United Nations a Special Unit on Palestinian Rights, declares 
that— 
(1) the continuation of the Committee on the Exercise of the 
Inalienable Rights of the Palestinian People and the creation of 
the Special Unit on Palestinian Rights are wasteful expenditures 
of limited United Nations resources at a time when the United 
Nations is experiencing severe financial difficulties and when the 
United Nations is under close scrutiny from contributing 
members; 
(2) the work of the Committee on the Exercise of the Inalien-
able Rights of the Palestinian People does not contribute to the 
process of peacemaking underway at present in the Middle East; 
and 
(3) the United States Ambassador to the United Nations 
should be instructed to continue to oppose extensions of the man-
date of that Committee as well as extensions of the Special Unit 
on Palestinian Rights. 
(b) It is the sense of the Congress that the President should direct 
the Permanent Representative of the United States to the United 
Nations to use all means at his disposal to obtain action by the General 
Assembly terminating the Committee on the Exercise of the Inalien-
able Rights of the Palestinian People and the Special Unit on 
Palestinian Rights. 
Presidential 
report, 
transmittal to 
Speaker of the 
House and Senate 
committee. 
Termination 
action. 
TITLE VII—MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS 
ANNUAL REPORT OF THE GORGAS MEMORIAL INSTITUTE 
SEC. 701. (a) Section 3 of the Act entitled "An Act to authorize 
a permanent annual appropriation for the maintenance and operation 
of the Gorgas Memorial Laboratory", approved May 7,1928 (22 U.S.C 
278a), is amended in the first sentence— 
(1) by striking out "annually, on the first Monday in Decem- 
.,, 
ber" and inserting in lieu thereof ", on April 1 of each year"; 
and 
(2) by striking out "up to the first of November next preced-
ing" and inserting in lieu thereof "during the fiscal year ending 
the preceding September 30". 
(b) Title I of the Departments of State, Justice, and Commerce 
Appropriation Act, 1945, is amended in the first paragraph under the 58 Stat. 395. 
heading "INTERNATIONAL OBLIGATIONS" by striking out " : Provided,^-
and all that follows through "each such session" (22 U.S.C. 278b). 
92 STAT. 992 
PUBLIC LAW 95-426—OCT. 7, 1978 
Effective date. 
22 use 2905 
note. 
Effective date. 
COMMISSION ON SECURITY AND COOPERATION IN EUROPE 
SEC. 702. (a) Section 7(a) of the Act entitled "An Act to establish 
a Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe", approved 
June 3, 1976 (22 U.S.C. 3007(a)), is amended by striking out 
"$350,000" and inserting in lieu thereof "$550,000". 
JAPAN-UNITED STATES FRIENDSHIP COMMISSION 
SEC. 703. (a) Section 6 of the Japan-United States Friendship Act 
(22 U.S.C. 2905) is amended— 
(1) by striking out "and" at the end of paragraph (9); 
(2) by striking out the period at the end of paragraph (10) 
and inserting in lieu thereof "; and"; and 
(3) by inserting immediately after paragraph (10) the follow-
ing new paragraph: 
"(11) transmit its official mail as penalty mail in the same 
manner and upon the same conditions as an officer of the United 
States other than a Member of Congress is permitted to transmit 
official mail as penalty mail under section 3202 of title 39 of the 
United States Code."." 
(b) The amendments made by this section shall take effect on Octo-
ber 1, 1978. 
CONTRIBUTION TO THE INTERNATIONAL TIN 
COUNCIL 
SEO. 704. Effective October 1, 1978, there is authorized to be appro-
priated to the President $60,000,000 for the purpose of acquiring tin 
metal to contribute to the buffer stock of the International Tin Council 
established under the Fifth International Tin Agreement. 
Accounting of 
MIA's. 
22 use 2151 
note. 
Transportation 
funds. 
49 use 1518. 
49 use 1371. 
iiM' 
PROHIBITION ON A m OR REPARATIONS TO VIETNAM 
SEC 705. (a) None of the funds authorized to be appropriated in 
this Act may be used for the purpose of reparations, aid, or any other 
form of payment to the Socialist Republic of Vietnam. 
(b) The President shall continue to take all possible steps to obtain 
a jfinal accounting of all Americans missing in action in Vietnam. 
USE o r FOREIGN AIR CARRIERS 
SEC. 706. Notwithstanding the limitations established by section 
1117 of the Federal Aviation Act of 1958 (49 U.S.C. 1517), funds 
appropriated after the date of enactment of this Act to the Department 
of State, the International Communication Agency, the Agency for 
International Development (or any successor agency), and the Arms 
Control and Disarmament Agency may be used to pay for the trans-
portation, between two places both of which are outside the United 
States, of officers and employees of those agencies, their dependents, 
and accompanying baggage, aboard air carriers which do not hold 
certificates under section 401 of that Act. 
TRAVEL DOCUMENTATION OF ALIENS AND CITIZENS 
SEC. 707. (a) Subsection (a) of section 215 of the Immigration and 
Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1185) is amended by striking out "When the 
United States" and all that follows through "be unlawful" and insert-
PUBLIC LAW 95-426—OCT. 7, 1978 
92 STAT. 993 
ing in lieu thereof "Unless otherwise ordered by the President, it shall 
be unlawful". 
(b) Subsection (b) of such section is amended to read as follows: 
"(b) Except as otherwise provided by the President and subject to 
such limitations and exceptions as the President may authorize and 
prescribe, it shall be unlawful for any citizen of the United States to 
depart from or enter, or attempt to depart from or enter, the United 
States unless he bears a valid passport.". 
(c) Subsection (f) of such section is amended by striking out "proc-
lamation," both places it appears. 
(d) Such section is further amended by striking out subsection (c) 
and redesignating subsections (d), (e), (f), and (g) as subsections 
(c), (d), (e),and (f),respectively. 
(e) The heading of such section is amended to read as follows: 
"TRAVEL DOCUMENTATION or ALIENS AND CITIZENS". 
(f) The item relating to section 215 in the table of contents of the 
Immigration and Nationality Act is amended to read as follows: 
"Sec. 215. Travel documentation of aliens and citizens.". 
8 u s e 1185. 
REPORTING AND COORDINATION Or INTERNATIONAL 
AGREEMENTS 
SEC. 708. Section 112b of title 1, United States Code, is amended— 
(1) by inserting "(including the text of any oral international 
agreement, which agreement shall be reduced to writing)" im-
mediately after "international agreement" in the first sentence; 
(2) by inserting "(a)" immediately before the first sentence; 
and 
(3) by adding at the end thereof the following new subsections: 
"(b) Not later than March 1, 1979, and at yearly intervals there-
after, the President shall, under his own signature, transmit to the 
Speaker of the House of Representatives and the chairman of the 
Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate a report with respect 
to each international agreement which, during the preceding year, was 
transmitted to the Congress after the expiration of the 60-day period 
referred to in the first sentence of subsection (a), describing fully and 
completely the reasons for the late transmittal. 
"(c) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, an international 
agreement may not be signed or otherwise concluded on behalf of the 
United States without prior consultation with the Secretary of State. 
Such consultation may encompass a class of agreements rather than a 
particular agreement. 
"(d) The Secretary of State shall determine for and within the 
executive branch whether an arrangement constitutes an inter-
national agreement within the meaning of this section. 
"(e) The President shall, through the Secretary of State, promul-
gate such rules and I'egulations as may be necessary to carry out this 
section.". 
PANAMA CANAL TREATIES 
SEC. 709. None of the funds authorized to be appropriated by this 
Act may be used directly or indirectly to effect implementation of the 
Panama Canal Treaty or the Treaty Concerning the Permanent Neu-
trality and Operation of the Panama Canal, each signed on Septem-
ber 7, 1977, unless authorized by the Constitution or by Act of 
Congress. 
Presidential 
report, 
transmittal to 
Speaker of the 
House and Senate 
committee. 
Consultation. 
Rules and 
regulations. 
22 u s e 2151 
note. 
92 STAT. 994 
PUBLIC LAW 95-426—OCT. 7, 1978 
INTERPARLIAMENTARY 
UNION 
SEC. 710. The first section of the Act entitled "An Act to authorize 
participation by the United States in the Interparliamentary Union", 
approved June 28, 1935 (22 U.S.C. 276), is amended by striking out 
"$45,000" in paragraph (2) and inserting in lieu thereof "$90,000". 
22 use 2220a 
note. 
COMMISSION ON HUNGER AND MALNUTRITION 
SEC. 711. There are authorized to be appropriated $1,500,000 for the 
fiscal year 1979 and $1,500,000 for the fiscal year 1980 for a commission 
on global hunger and malnutrition to be created by Executive order by 
the President. This commission shall (1) assess the policies, organiza-
tion, and structure of current Federal programs which have an impact 
on hunger and malnutrition; (2) coordinate, sponsor, and over-see such 
projects, studies, events, and other activities as the commission deems 
necessary or desirable, making maximum use of past and ongoing 
related efforts; (3) conduct such studies, inquiries, meetings, and 
hearings as the commission deems necessary; and (4) make recom-
mendations to the President and the Congress on policies to increase 
the capacity of the United States to reduce hunger and malnutrition. 
Funds authorized to be appropriated by this section shall be expended 
under the direction of the chairman of the commission. 
F O R E I G N 
G I F T S AND DECORATIONS RECEIVED BY SENATORS AND SENATE 
EMPLOYEES 
SEC. 712. (a) Section 7342(a)(6) of title 5, United States Code, 
is amended— 
(1) by striking out "(e)" in subparagraph (A) and inserting 
in lieu thereof "(e) (1)"; and 
(2) by inserting before the semicolon at the end of subpara-
graph (B) the following: ", except that those responsibilities 
(other than responsibilities involving approval of the employin 
agency) specified in subsections (c)(2), (d), and (g) (2) (B 
shall be carried out by the Secretary of the Senate". 
(b)(1) The last sentence of section 7342(c)(2) of such title is 
amended by striking out "subsection (e)" and inserting in lieu thereof 
"subsection (e) (1) or provide for its disposal in accordance with sub-
section (e)(2)". 
(2) The last sentence of section 7342(d) of such title is amended— 
(A) by striking out "or" and inserting in lieu thereof ", for"; 
and 
(B) by striking out "subsection (e)" and inserting in lieu 
thereof "subsection (e)(1), or for disposal in accordance with 
subsection (e)(2)". 
(c) Section 7342(e) of such title is amended— 
(1) by striking out "Gifts" and inserting in lieu thereof "(1) 
Except as provided in paragraph (2), gifts"; 
(2) by striking out " (1)" and " (2)" and inserting in lieu there-
of "(A)•" and " (B)", respectively; and 
(3) by adding at the end thereof the following new paragraph: 
"(2) Gifts and decorations received by a Senator or an employee of 
the Senate that are deposited with the Secretary of the Senate for dis-
posal, or are deposited for an official use which has terminated, shall be 
disposed of by the Commission on Arts and Antiquities of the United 
PUBLIC LAW 95-426—OCT. 7, 1978 
92 STAT. 995 
States Senate. Any such gift or decoration may be returned by the 
Commission to the donor or may be transferred or donated by the 
Commission, subject to such terms and conditions as it may prescribe, 
(A) to an agency or instrumentality of (i) the United States, (ii) a 
State, territory, or possession of the United States, or a political sub-
division of the foregoing, or (iii) the District of Columbia, or (B) to 
an organization described in section 501(c) (3) of the Internal Reve-
nue Code of 1954 which is exempt from taxation under section 501(a) 26 USC 501. 
of such Code. Any such gift or decoration not disposed of as provided 
in the preceding sentence shall be forwarded to the Administrator of 
General Services for disposal in accordance with paragraph (1). If the 
Administrator does not dispose of such gift or decoration within one 
year, he shall, at the request of the Commission, return it to the Com-
mission and the Commission may dispose of such gift or decoration in 
such manner as it considers proper, except that such gift or decoration 
may be sold only with the approval of the Secretary of State upon a 
determination that the sale will not adversely affect the foreign rela-
tions of the United States.". 
(d) In the event that the space and facilities available to the Sec- 5 USC 7342 note, 
retary of the Senate for carrying out his responsibilities in storing 
and safeguarding property in his custody under section 7342 of title 5, 
United States Code, are insufficient for such purpose, he may, with the 
approval of the Committee on Rules and Administration of the Sen-
ate, lease such space and facilities as may be necessary for such pur-
pose. Rental payments under any such lease and expenses incurred in 
connection therewith shall be paid from the contingent fund of the 
Senate upon vouchers approved by the Secretary of the Senate. 
Approved October 7, 1978. 
LEGISLATIVE HISTORY: 
HOUSE REPORTS No. 95-1160 (Coram, on International Relations) and No. 95-1535 
(Coram, of Conference). 
SENATE REPORT No. 95-842 accompanying S. 3076 (Corara. on Foreign Relations). 
CONGRESSIONAL RECORD, Vol. 124 (1978): 
May 31, considered and passed House. 
June 5, S. 3076 considered in Senate. 
June 28, considered and passed Senate, araended, in lieu of S. 3076. 
Sept. 19, House agreed to conference report. 
Sept. 20, Senate agreed to conference report. 
WEEKLY COMPILATION OF PRESIDENTIAL DOCUMENTS, Vol. 14, No. 41: 
Oct. 10, Presidential stateraent.