Human Services Amendments of 1994
PL 103-252 (S.2000), enacted 05/18/1994

PUBLIC LAW 103-252—MAY 18, 1994 
108 STAT. 623 
Public Law 103-252 
103d Congress 
An Act 
To authorize appropriations to carry out the Head Start Act, the Community Services 
yr 
10 IQQA 
Block Grant Act, and the Low-Income Home Energy Assistance Act of 1981, 
' 
and for other purposes. 
t^- ^^^^^ 
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives 
of 
the United States of America in Congress assembled, 
Human Services 
Amendments of 
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 
1994. 
This Act may be cited as the "Human Services Amendments governmental 
of 1994". 
relations. 
SEC. 2. TABLE OF CONTENTS. 
?2^1JSC 9801 
The table of contents for this Act is as follows: 
"°^® 
Sec. 1. Short title. 
Sec. 2. Table of contents. 
TITLE I—HEAD START PROGRAMS 
Sec. 101. Short title; references in title. 
Sec. 102. Definitions. 
Sec. 103. Services. 
Sec. 104. Authorization of appropriations. 
Sec. 105. Allocation of funds. 
Sec. 106. Report. 
Sec. 107. Designation. 
Sec. 108. Monitoring and qualitv assurance. 
Sec. 109. Enhanced parent involvement and transition coordination with schools. 
Sec. 110. Facilities and administrative requirements. 
Sec. 111. Participation. 
Sec. 112. Initiative on families with infants and toddlers. 
Sec. 113. Appeals, notice, and hearing. 
Sec. 114. Goals and priorities for tr£dning and technical assistance. 
Sec. 115. Staff quaUfications and development. 
Sec. 116. Research, demonstrations, evaluation. 
Sec. 117. Announcements and evaluations. 
Sec. 118. Reports. 
Sec. 119. Repeals. 
Sec. 120. Study of benefits for Head Start employees. 
Sec. 121. Rea(fy to learn program reauthorization. 
Sec. 122. State dependent care development programs. 
Sec. 123. Consultation with the Corporation for National and Community Service. 
Sec. 124. Reauthorization of Child Development Associate Scholarship Assistance 
Act of 1985. 
Sec. 125. Technical and conforming amendments. 
Sec. 126. Study of full-day and full-year Head Start programs. 
Sec. 127. Effective date and application. 
TITLE II—COMMUNITY SERVICES BLOCK GRANT AMENDMENTS 
Sec. 201. Short title and references. 
Sec. 202. Authorizations of appropriations. 
Sec. 203. Discretionsuy authority of Secretary. 
Sec. 204. Community food and nutrition. 
108 STAT. 624 
PUBLIC LAW 103-252—MAY 18, 1994 
Sec. 205. Instructional activities for low-income youth. 
Sec. 206. Amendment to Stewart B. Mckinney Homeless Assistance Act. 
Sec. 207. Amendments to the Human Services Reauthorization Act of 1986. 
Sec. 208. Effective date. 
TITLE III—LOW-INCOME HOME ENERGY ASSISTANCE AMENDMENTS 
Sec. 301. Short title and references. 
Sec. 302. Statement of piupose. 
Sec. 303. Authorization of appropriations. 
Sec. 304. Emergency funds. 
Sec. 305. Authorized uses of funds. 
Sec. 306. Targeting of assistance to households with high home energy burdens. 
Sec. 307. Clarification of audit requirement. 
Sec. 308. Use of Department of Energy weatherization rules to achieve program 
consistency. 
Sec. 309. Matters to be described in annual appUcation. 
Sec. 310. Report of funds available for obligation. 
Sec. 311. Miscellaneous and technical {unendments. 
Sec. 312. Residential Energy Assistance Challenge Option (R.E.A.Ch.). 
Sec. 313. Sense of the Congress regarding appropriations for LIHEAP. 
Sec. 314. Effective date. 
TITLE IV—COMMUNITY-BASED FAMILY RESOURCE PROGRAMS 
Sec. 401. Community-based family resource programs. 
Sec. 402. Federal Council on Children, Youth, and Famihes. 
Sec. 403. Family Resource Act. 
KndS?nte o
f 
TITLE I—HEAD START PROGRAMS 
1994. 
SEC. 101. SHORT TITLE; REFERENCES IN TITLE. 
42 use 9801 
(a) SHORT TITLE.—This title may be cited as the "Head Start 
^o*^ 
Act Amendments of 1994". 
(b) REFERENCES.—Except as otherwise specifically provided, 
whenever in this title an amendment or repeal is expressed in 
terms of an amendment to, or a repeal of, a section or other 
provision, the reference shall be considered to be made to a section 
or other provision of the Head Start Act (42 U.S.C. 9831 et seq.). 
SEC. 102. DEFINITIONS. 
Section 637 (42 U.S.C. 9832) is amended— 
(1) by striking paragraphs (4) and (5); 
(2) by striking paragraph (9) and inserting the following 
new paragraph: 
(9) The term 'poverty line' means the official poverty line 
(as defined by the Office of Management and Budget)— 
"(A) adjusted to reflect the percentage change in the 
Consumer Price Index For All Urban Consumers, issued 
by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, occurring in the 1-
year period or other interval immediately preceding the 
date such adjustment is made; and 
"(B) adjusted for family size."; 
(3) by adding after paragraph (11) the following new para-
graphs: 
"(12) The term Tamily literacy services' means services 
and activities that include interactive Hteracy activities between 
parents and their children, training for parents on techniques 
for being the primary teacher of their children and fiill partners 
in the education of their children, parent literacy training 
(including training in English as a second language), and early 
childhood education. 
"(13) The term 'Indian tribe' means any tribe, band, nation, 
pueblo, or other organized group or community of Indians, 
PUBLIC LAW 103-252—MAY 18, 1994 
108 STAT. 625 
including any Native village described in section 3(c) of the 
Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act (43 U.S.C. 1602(c)) or 
established pursuant to such Act (43 U.S.C. 1601 et seq.), 
that is recogrnized as eligible for the special programs and 
services provided by the United States to Indians because of 
their status as Indians."; 
(4) by redesignating paragraphs (6), (7), (8), (9), (10), (11), 
(12), and (13) as paragraphs (7), (8), (9), (14), (5), (6), (4), 
and (10), respectively; and 
(5)(A) by transferring paragraph (4), as so redesignated, 
and inserting the paragraph after paragraph (3); 
(B) by trEuisferring paragraphs (5) and (6), as so redesig-
nated, and inserting the paragraphs after paragraph (4), as 
so redesignated; 
(C) by transferring paragraph (10), as so redesignated, 
and inserting the paragraph after paragraph (9), as so redesig-
nated; and 
(D) by inserting after paragraph (10), as so redesignated, 
the following: 
"(11) The term 'local educational agenc/ has the meaning 
given such term in the Elementary and Secondary Education 
Act of 1965. 
"(12) The term 'migrant Head Start program' means a 
Head Start program that serves families who are engaged 
in agricultural work and who have changed their residence 
from one geographical location to another in the preceding 
2-year period. 
"(13) The term 'mobile Head Start program' means the 
provision of Head Start services utilizing transportable equip-
ment set up in various community-based locations on a routine, 
weekly schedule, operating in conjunction with home-based 
Head Start programs, or as a Head Start classroom.". 
SEC. 103. SERVICES. 
Section 638(a)(1) (42 U.S.C. 9833(a)(1)) is amended by striking 
"health, nutritional, educational, social, and other services" and 
inserting "health, education, parental involvement, nutritional, 
social, and other services". 
SEC. 104. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS. 
Section 639 (42 U.S.C. 9834) is amended— 
(1) in subsection (a), by striking all that follows "sub-
chapter" and inserting "such sums as may be necessary for 
fiscal years 1995 through 1998."; and 
(2) by striking subsections (b) and (c) and inserting the 
following: 
"(b) From the amount appropriated xmder subsection (a), the 
Secretary shall make available— 
"(1) $35,000,000 for each of the fiscal years 1995 through 
1998 to— 
"(A) carry out the Head Start Transition Project Act; 
and 
"(B) carry out activities authorized under section 
642(d); and 
"(2) not more than $3,000,000 for fiscal year 1995, and 
such sums as may be necessary for each of the fisced years 
1996 through 1998, to carry out longitudined research under 
section 649(e).". 
108 STAT. 626 
PUBLIC LAW 103-252—MAY 18, 1994 
SEC. 105. ALLOCATION OF FUNDS. 
(a) ALLOCATION AND USE OF FUNDS FOR QUALITY IMPROVE-
MENT.—Section 640(a)(3) (42 U.S.C. 9835(a)(3)) is amended— 
(1) by redesignating subparagraphs (A) and (B) as subpara-
graphs (C) and (D), respectively; 
(2) by striking "(3)(C)" and all that follows through "quality 
improvement activities:" and inserting the following: 
"(3)(A)(i) In order to provide assistance for activities specified 
in subparagraph (C) directed at the goals specified in subparagraph 
(B), the Secretary shall reserve, from the amount (if any) by which 
the funds appropriated under section 639(a) for a fiscal year exceed 
the adjusted prior year appropriation, a share equal to the sum 
of— 
"(I) 25 percent of such excess amount; and 
"(II) any additional amount the Secretary may find nec-
essary to address a demonstrated need for such activities, 
"(ii) As used in clause (i), the term 'adjusted prior year appro-
priation' means, with respect to a fiscal year, the amount appro-
priated pursuant to section 639(a) for the preceding fiscal year, 
adjusted to reflect the percentage change in the Consumer Price 
Index for All Urban Consumers (issued by the Bureau of Labor 
Statistics) during such preceding fiscal year. 
"(B) Funds reserved under this paragraph (referred to in this 
paragraph as 'quality improvement funds) shall be used to accom-
plish any or all of the following goals: 
"(i) Ensuring that Head Start programs meet or exceed 
performance standards pursuant to section 641A(a)(l)(A). 
"(ii) Ensuring that such programs have adequate qualified 
staff", and that such staff are furnished adequate training, 
including developing skills in working with children with non-
English language background, when appropriate. 
"(iii) Ensuring that salary levels and benefits are adequate 
to attract and retain qualified staff for such programs. 
"(iv) Using salary increases to improve staff qualifications, 
and to assist with the implementation of career development 
programs, for the staff of Head Start programs. 
"(v) Improving community-wide strategic planning and 
needs assessments for such programs. 
"(vi) Ensuring that the physical environments of Head Start 
programs are conducive to providing effective program services 
to children and families. 
"(vii) Making such other improvements in the quality of 
such programs as the Secretary may designate. 
"(C) Quality improvement funds shall be used to carry out 
any or all of the following activities:"; 
(3) in subparagraph (C), as redesignated in paragraph (1), 
by adding at the end the following new clause: 
"(vii) Such other activities as the Secretary may designate."; 
and 
(4) in subparagraph (D), as redesignated in paragraph (1)— 
(A) in clause (i)— 
(i) in the matter preceding subclause (I), by strik-
ing "for the first, second, and third fiscal years for 
which funds are so reserved"; and 
(ii) in subclause (II), by inserting "geographical 
areas specified in subsection (a)(2XB) and Indian and 
migrant Head Start programs," after "States,"; 
PUBLIC LAW 103-252—MAY 18, 1994 
108 STAT. 627 
(B) by striking clauses (ii) and (iii); 
(C) in clause (iv)— 
(i) by striking "To be expended" and all that fol-
lows, through "reserved, funds" and inserting "Funds"; 
(ii) by striking "clause (ii)" the first place it appears 
and inserting "clause (i)"; 
(iii) by inserting before the period at the end of 
the first sentence, ", for expenditure for activities speci-
fied in subparagraph (C)"; and 
(iv) by striking the second sentence; 
(D) in clause (vi), by striking "paragraphs (2), (4), 
and (5)" and inserting "paragraph (2) or (4)"; and 
(E) by striking clause (v) and redesignating clauses 
(iv) and (vi) as clauses (ii) and (iii), respectively. 
(b) FUNDS SET-ASIDE.—Section 640(a) (42 U.S.C. 9835(a)) is 
amended— 
(1) in paragraph (1), by striking "through (5)." and inserting 
"through (4), and subject to paragraphs (5) and (6)."; 
(2) in paragraph (2)— 
(A) in subparagraph (A), by striking "1990" and insert-
ing "1994"; and 
(B) in subparagraph (D), by inserting "(including pay-
ments for all costs (other than compensation of Federal 
employees) of reviews of Head Start agencies and programs 
under section 641A(c), and of activities related to the devel-
opment and implementation of quality improvement plans 
under section 641A(d)(2))" afl;er "Secretary"; 
(3) in paragraph (3), by striking "paragraph (5)" each place 
it appears and inserting "paragraph (4)"; 
(4) by striking paragraph (4), and redesignating paragraphs 
(5) and (6) as paragraphs (4) and (7), respectively; 
(5) in paragraph (4), as redesignated in paragraph (4), 
by striking The and inserting "Subject to section 639(b), the"; 
and 
(6) by adding aft;er paragraph (4), as redesignated in para-
graph (4), the following new paragraphs: 
(5)(A) From amounts reserved and allotted pursuant to para-
graph (4), the Secretary shall reserve such sums as may be nec-
essary to award the collaboration grants described in subparagraph 
(B). 
"(B) From the reserved sums, the Secretary may award a 
collaboration grant to each State to facilitate collaboration regarding 
activities carried out in the State under this subchapter, and other 
activities carried out in, and by, the State that are designed to 
benefit low-income children and families. 
"(C) A State that receives a grant under subparagraph (B) 
shall— 
"(i) appoint an individual to serve as a State liaison 
between— 
"(I) agencies and individuals cemrying out Head Start 
programs in the State; and 
"(II) agencies (including local educational agencies) and 
entities canying out programs serving low-income children 
and families; 
"(ii) involve the State Head Start Association in the selec-
tion of the individual, and involve the association in determina-
tions relating to the ongoing direction of the collaboration; 
108 STAT. 628 
PUBLIC LAW 103-252—MAY 18, 1994 
"(iii) ensure that the individual holds a position with suffi-
cient authority and access to ensure that the collaboration 
described in subparagraph (B) is effective and involves a range 
of State agencies; and 
"(iv) ensure that the collaboration described in subpara-
graph (B) involves coordination of Head Start services with 
health care, welfare, child care, education, and national service 
activities, family literacy services, and activities relating to 
children with disabilities. 
"(D) As used in this paragraph, the term 'low-income', used 
with respect to children or families, shall not be considered to 
refer only to children or families that meet the low-income criteria 
prescribed pursuant to section 645(a)(1)(A). 
"(6) From amounts reserved £ind allotted pursuant to para-
graphs (2) and (4), the Secretary shall use, for grants for programs 
described in section 645A(a), a portion of the combined total of 
such amounts equal to 3 percent for fiscal year 1995, 4 percent 
for each of fiscal years 1996 and 1997, and 5 percent for fiscal 
year 1998, of the amount appropriated pursuant to section 639(a).". 
(c) CONSIDERATIONS FOR ALLOCATION OF FUNDS FOR PROGRAM 
EXPANSION.—Section 640(g) (42 U.S.C. 9835(g)) is amended— 
(1) by striking "(g)" and inserting "(g)(1)"; and 
(2) by adding at the end the following new paragraphs: 
"(2) For the purpose of expanding Head Start programs, in 
allocating funds to an applicant within a State, from amounts 
allotted to a State pursuant to subsection (a)(4), the Secretary 
shall take into consideration— 
"(A) the quality of the applicant's programs (including Head 
Start and other child care or child development programs) 
in existence on the date of the allocation, including, in the 
case of Head Start programs in existence on the date of the 
allocation, the extent to which such programs meet or exceed 
performance standards and other requirements under this sub-
chapter; 
"(B) the applicant's capacity to expand services (including, 
in the case of Head Start programs in existence on the date 
of the allocation, whether the applicant accomplished any prior 
expsinsions in an effective and timely manner); 
"(C) the extent to which the applicant has undertaken 
community-wide strategic planning and needs assessments 
involving other community organizations and public agencies 
serving children and families (including organizations serving 
families in whose homes English is not the language customar-
ily spoken); 
"(D) the extent to which the family and community needs 
assessment of the appHcant reflects a need to provide full-
working-day or full calendar year services; 
"(E) the numbers of ehgible children in each community 
who are not participating in a Head Start program; and 
"(F) the concentration of low-income famihes in each 
community. 
"(3) In determining the amount of funds reserved pursu£mt 
to subparagraph (A) or (B) of subsection (a)(2) to be used for 
expanding Head Start programs under this subchapter, the Sec-
retary shall take into consideration, to the extent appropriate, the 
factors specified in paragraph (2).". 
PUBLIC LAW 103-252—MAY 18, 1994 
108 STAT. 629 
(d) TECHNICAL AMENDMENT.—Section 640(h) (42 U.S.C. 9835(h)) 
is amended by striking "Each Head Start program may" and insert-
ing "Financial assistance provided under this subchapter may be 
used by each Head Start program to". 
(e) COMPENSATION.—Section 640 (42 U.S.C. 9835) is amended 
by adding at the end the following new subsections: 
"(j) Any agency that receives financial assistance under this 
subchapter to improve the compensation of staff who provide serv-
ices under this Act shall use the financial assistance to improve 
the compensation of such staff, regardless of whether the agency 
has the ability to improve the compensation of staff employed 
by the agency who do not provide Head Start services. 
"(k)(l) The Secretary shall allow center-based Head Start pro-
grams the flexibility to satisfy the total number of hours of service 
required by the regulations in effect on the date of enactment 
of the Human Services Amendments of 1994, to be provided to 
children in Head Start programs so long as such agencies do not— 
"(A) provide less than 3 hours of service per day; 
"(B) reduce the number of days of service per week; or 
"(C) reduce the number of days of service per year. 
"(2) The provisions of this subsection shall not be construed 
to restrict the authority of the Secretary to fund alternative program 
variations authorized under section 1306.35 of title 45 of tne Code 
of Federal Regulations in effect on the date of enactment of the 
Human Services Amendments of 1994. 
"(1) With funds made available under section 640(a)(2) to 
migrant Head Start programs, the Secretary shall give priority 
to migrant Head Start programs that serve eligible children of 
migrant families whose work requires them to relocate most fre-
quently.". 
SEC. 106. REPORT. 
Section 640A (42 U.S.C. 9835a) is repealed. 
SEC. 107. DESIGNATION. 
(a) INDIAN RESERVATIONS.—Section 641(b) (42 U.S.C. 9836(b)) 
is amended by inserting after "Indian reservation" the following: 
"(including Indians in £my area designated by the Bureau of Indian 
Affairs as near-reservation)". 
(b) DESIGNATION OF AGENCIES.—Section 641(c) (42 U.S.C. 
9836(c)) is amended— 
(1) by striking paragraphs (2) through (4); 
(2) in the first sentence— 
(A) by inserting "(subject to paragraph (2))" before 
", the Secretary shall give priority"; and 
(B) by striking "unless" and all that follows through 
the end of subparagraph (A) and inserting the following: 
"unless the Secretary makes a finding that the agency 
involved fails to meet program, financial management, and 
other requirements established by the Secretary."; 
(3) by redesignating subparagraph (B) as paragraph (2); 
(4) in paragraph (2), as so redesignated— 
(A) by striking "except that, if and inserting "If; 
and 
(B) by striking "subparagraph (A)" and inserting "para-
graph ( m 
(5) by striking "Notwithstanding any other provision of 
this paragraph" and inserting the following: 
108 STAT. 630' 
PUBLIC LAW 103-252—MAY 18, 1994 
"(3) Notwithstanding any other provision of this sub-
section"; and 
(6) by aligning the margins of paragraph (2) with the 
margins of paragraph (3). 
(c) CONSIDERATIONS IN DESIGNATING NEW HEAD START AGEN-
CIES.—Section 641(d) (42 U.S.C. 9836(d)) is amended— 
(1) in the first sentence, by striking all that precedes "then 
the Secretarjr" and inserting "If no entity in a community 
is entitled to the priority specified in subsection (c),"; 
(2) by striking the second sentence; 
(3) in the third sentence— 
(A) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by striking 
"and subject to the preceding sentence ; 
(B) in paragraph (3), by inserting ", including Even 
Start programs under part B of chapter 1 of title I of 
the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 
U.S.C. 2741 et seq.)," after "preschool programs"; and 
(C) in paragraph (4), to read as follows: 
"(4) the plan of sucn applicant— 
"(A) to seek the involvement of parents of participating 
children in activities designed to help such parents become 
full partners in the education of their children; 
"(B) to afford such parents the opportunity to partici-
pate in the development, conduct, and overall performance 
of the program at the local level; 
"(C) to offer (directly or through referral to local enti-
ties, such as entities carr3dng out Even Start programs 
under part B of chapter 1 of title I of the Elementary 
and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 2741 
et seq.), public and school Ubraries, and family support 
programs) to such parents— 
"(i) family literacy services; and 
"(ii) parenting skills training; 
"(D) at the option of such applicant, to offer (directly 
or through referral to local entities) to such parents— 
"(i) training in basic child development; 
"(ii) assistance in developing communication skills; 
"(iii) opportunities for parents to share experiences 
with other parents; 
"(iv) substance abuse counseling; or 
"(v) any other activity designed to help such par-
ents become full partners in the education of their 
children; and 
"(E) to provide, with respect to each participating fam-
ily, a family needs assessment that includes consultation 
with such parents about the benefits of parent involvement 
and about the activities described in subparagraphs (C) 
and (D) in which such parents may choose to become 
involved (taking into consideration their specific family 
needs, work schedules, £uid other responsibilities);"; 
(4) in paragraph (7)— 
(A) by striking "non-English language children" and 
inserting "non-English language background children and 
their families"; and 
(B) by inserting "and" after the semicolon; 
(5) by striking paragraph (8); and 
(6) by redesignating paragraph (9) as paragraph (8). 
PUBLIC LAW 103-252—MAY 18, 1994 
108 STAT. 631 
(d) CONFORMING AMENDMENT.—Section 641 (42 U.S.C. 9836) 
is amended— 
(1) by striking subsection (f); and 
(2) by redesignating subsection (g) as subsection (f). 
SEC. 108. MONITORING AND QUALITY ASSURANCE. 
The Act is amended by inserting after section 641 (42 U.S.C. 
9836) the following new section: 
"SEC. 641A. QUALITY STANDARDS; MONITORING OF HEAD START AGEN- Regulations. 
CIES AND PROGRAMS. 
42 USC 9836a. 
"(a) QUALITY STANDARDS.— 
"(1) ESTABLISHMENT OF STANDARDS.—The Secretary shall 
establish by regulation standards applicable to Head Start 
agencies, programs, and projects under this 
subchapter, 
including— 
"(A) performance standards with respect to services 
required to be provided, including health, education, paren-
tal involvement, nutritional, social, transition activities 
described in section 642(d), and other services; 
"(B) administrative and financial meinagement stand-
ards; 
"(C) standards relating to the condition and location 
of facilities for such agencies, programs, and projects; and 
"(D) such other standards as the Secretary finds to 
be appropriate. 
"(2) MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS.—The regulations promul-
gated under this subsection shall establish the minimum levels 
of overall accomplishment that a Head Start agency shall 
achieve in order to meet the standards specified in paragraph 
(1). 
"(3) CONSIDERATIONS IN DEVELOPING STANDARDS.—In devel-
oping the regulations required under paragraph (1), the Sec-
retary shall— 
"(A) consult with experts in the fields of child develop-
ment, early childhood education, child health care, family 
services (including linguistically and culturally appropriate 
services to non-English language background children and 
their families), administration, and financial management, 
and with persons with experience in the operation of Head 
Start programs; 
"(B) take into consideration— 
"(i) past experience with use of the standards in 
effect under this subchapter on the date of enactment 
of this section; 
"(ii) changes over the period since the date of enact-
ment of this Act in the circumstances and problems 
typically facing children and families served by Head 
Start agencies; 
"(iii) developments concerning best practices with 
respect to child development, children with disabilities, 
family services, program administration, and financial 
management; 
"(iv) projected needs of an expanding Head Start 
program; 
"(v) guidelines and standards currently in effect 
or under consideration that promote child health serv-
108 STAT. 632 
PUBLIC LAW 103-252—MAY 18, 1994 
ices, and projected needs of expanding Head Start pro-
grams; 
"(vi) changes in the population of children who 
are eHgible to participate in Head Start programs, 
including the language background and family struc-
ture of such children; and 
"(vii) the need for, and state-of-the-art develop-
ments relating to, local policies and activities designed 
to ensure that children participating in Head Start 
programs make a successful transition to public 
schools; and 
"(C)(i) not later than 1 year after the date of enactment 
of this section, review and revise as necessary the perform-
ance standards in effect under section 651(b) on the day 
before the date of enactment of this section; and 
"(ii) ensure that any such revisions in the performance 
standards will not result in the elimination of or any reduc-
tion in the scope or types of health, education, parental 
involvement, nutritional, social, or other services required 
to be provided under such standards as in effect on Novem-
ber 2,1978. 
"(4) 
STANDARDS RELATING TO OBLIGATIONS TO DELEGATE 
AGENCIES.—In developing standards under this subsection, the 
Secretary shall describe the obligations of a Head Start agency 
to an agency (referred to in this subchapter as the 'delegate 
agency*) to which the Head Start agency has delegated respon-
sibility for providing services under this subchapter and deter-
mine whether the Head Start agency complies with the stand-
ards. The Secretary shall consider such compliance during the 
review described in subsection (c)(1)(A) and in determining 
whether to renew financial assistance to the Head Start agency 
under this subchapter. 
"(b) PERFORMANCE MEASURES.— 
"(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 1 year after the date 
of enactment of this section, the Secretary, in consultation 
with representatives of Head Start agencies and with experts 
in the fields of child development, family services, and program 
management, shall develop methods and procedures for measur-
ing, annually and over longer periods, the quality and effective-
ness of programs operated by Head Start agencies (referred 
to in this subchapter as 'performance measures'). 
"(2) DESIGN OF MEASURES.—^The performance measures 
developed under this subsection shall be designed— 
"(A) to assess the various services provided by Head 
Start programs and, to the extent the Secretary finds 
appropriate, administrative and 
financial 
management 
practices of such programs; 
"(B) to be adaptable for use in self-assessment and 
peer review of individual Head Start agencies and pro-
grams; and 
"(C) for other program purposes as determined by the 
Secretary. 
"(3) USE OF MEASURES.—The Secretary shall use the 
performance measures developed pursuant to this subsection— 
"(A) to identify strengths and weaknesses in the oper-
ation of Head Start programs nationally and by region; 
and 
PUBLIC LAW 103-252—MAY 18, 1994 
108 STAT. 633 
"(B) to identify problem areas that may require addi-
tional training and technical assistance resources. 
**(c) MONITORING OF LOCAL AGENCIES AND PROGRAMS.— 
"(1) IN GENERAL.—In order to determine whether Head 
Start agencies meet standards established under this sub-
chapter with respect to program, administrative, 
financial 
management, and other requirements, the Secretary shall con-
duct the following reviews of designated Head Start agencies, 
and of the Head Start programs operated by such agencies: 
"(A) A full review of each such agency at least once 
during each 3-year period. 
"(B) A review of each newly designated agency imme-
diately after the completion of the first year such agency 
carries out a Head Start program. 
"(C) FoUowup reviews including prompt return visits 
to agencies and programs that fail to meet the standards. 
(D) Other reviews as appropriate. 
"(2) CONDUCT OF REVIEWS.—The Secretary shall ensure 
that reviews described in subparagraphs (A) through (C) of 
paragraph (1)— 
"(A) are performed, to the maximum extent practicable, 
by employees of the Department of Health and Human 
Services who are knowledgeable about Head Start pro-
grams; 
"(B) are supervised by such an employee at the site 
of such Head Start agency; and 
"(C) are conducted by review teams that shall include 
individuals who are knowledgeable about Head Start pro-
grams and, to the maximum extent practicable, the diverse 
(including linguistic and cultural) needs of eligible children 
and their families. 
"(d) CORRECTIVE ACTION; TERMINATION.— 
"(1) DETERMINATION.—If the Secretary determines, on the 
basis of a review pursuant to subsection (c), that a Head Start 
agency designated pursuant to section 641 fails to meet the 
standards described in subsection (a), the Secretary shall— 
"(A) inform the agency of the deficiencies that shall 
be corrected; 
"(B) with respect to each identified deficiency, require 
the agency— 
"(i) to correct the deficiency immediately; or 
"(ii) at the discretion of the Secretary (taking into 
consideration the seriousness of the deficiency and the 
time reasonably required to correct the deficiency), to 
comply with the requirements of paragraph (2) concern-
ing a quality improvement plan; and 
"(C) initiate proceedings to terminate the designation 
of the agency unless the agency corrects the deficiency. 
"(2) QUALITY IMPROVEMENT PLAN.— 
"(A) AGENCY RESPONSIBILITIES.—In order to retain a 
designation as a Head Start agency under this subchapter, 
a Head Start agency that is the subject of a determination 
described in paragraph (1) (other than an agency able 
to correct a deficiency immediately) shall— 
"(i) develop in a timely manner, obtain the 
approval of the Secretary regarding, and implement 
a quality improvement plan that specifies— 
108 STAT. 634 
PUBLIC LAW 103-252—MAY 18, 1994 
"(I) the deficiencies to be corrected; 
"(II) the actions to be taken to correct such 
deficiencies; and 
"(III) the timetable for accompUshment of the 
corrective actions specified; and 
"(ii) eliminate each deficiency identified, not later 
than the date for elimination of such deficiency speci-
—
» 
fied 
in such plan (which shall not be later than 1 
year after the date the agency received notice of the 
determination and of the specific deficiency to be cor-
rected). 
"(B) SECRETARIAL RESPONSIBILITY.—Not later than 30 
days after receiving from a Head Start agency a proposed 
quality improvement plan pursuant to subparagraph (A), 
tne Secretary shall either approve such proposed plan or 
specify the reasons why the proposed plan cannot be 
approved. 
"(3) TRAINING AND TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE.—The Secretary 
shall provide training and technical assistance to Head Start 
agencies with respect to the development or implementation 
of such quality improvement pleuis to the extent the Secretary 
finds such provision to be feasible and appropriate given avail-
able funding and other statutory responsibilities. 
Reports. 
"(e) SUMMARIES OF MONITORING OUTCOMES.—Not later than 
120 days sifter the end of each fiscal year, the Secretary shall 
publish a summary report on the findings of reviews conducted 
under subsection (c) and on the outcomes of quality improvement 
plans implemented under subsection (d), during such fiscal year.". 
SEC. 109. ENHANCED PARENT INVOLVEMENT AND TRANSITION 
COORDINATION WITH SCHOOLS. 
Section 642 (42 U.S.C. 9837) is amended— 
(1) by amending subsection (b) to read as follows: 
"(b) In order to be so designated, a Head Start agency shall 
also— 
"(1) estabUsh effective procedures by which parents and 
area residents concerned will be enabled to directly participate 
in decisions that influence the character of programs affecting 
their interests; 
"(2) provide 
for 
their 
regular 
participation 
in 
the 
implementation of such programs; 
"(3) provide technical and other support needed to enable 
parents and area residents to secure on their own behalf avail-
able assistance from public and private sources; 
"(4) seek the involvement of parents of participating chil-
dren in activities designed to help such parents become full 
partners in the education of their children, and to afford such 
parents the opportunity to participate in the development, con-
duct, and overall performance of the program at the local level; 
"(5) offer (directly or through referral to local entities, 
such as entities carrying out Even Start programs under part 
B of chapter 1 of title I of the Elementary and Secondary 
Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 2741 et seq.)), to parents 
of participating children, family hteracy services and parenting 
skills training; 
"(6) at the option of such agency, offer (directly or through 
referral to local entities), to such parents— 
PUBLIC LAW 103-252—MAY 18, 1994 
108 STAT. 635 
"(A) training in basic child development; 
"(B) assistance in developing communication skills; 
"(C) opportunities to share experiences with other par-
ents; 
"(D) substance abuse counseling; 
"(E) regular in-home visitation; or 
"(F) any other activity designed to help such parents 
become full partners in the education of their children; 
"(7) provide, with respect to each participating family, a 
family needs assessment that includes consultation with such 
parents about the benefits of parent involvement and about 
the activities described in paragraphs (4) through (6) in which 
such parents may choose to be involved (taking into consider-
ation their specific family needs, work schedules, and other 
responsibilities); 
"(8) consider providing services to assist younger siblings 
of children participating in its Head Start program to obtain 
health services from other sources; and 
"(9) perform community outreach to encourage individuals 
previously unaffiliated with Head Start programs to participate 
in its Head Start program as volunteers. ; 
(2) in subsection (c)— 
(A) by striking "schools that will subsequently serve 
children in Head Start programs,"; and 
(B) by inserting ", including Even Start programs under 
part B of chapter 1 of title I of the Elementary and Second-
ary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 2741 et seq.)," after 
"other programs"; and 
(3) by adding sifter subsection (c) the following new sub-
section: 
"(d)(1) Each Head Start agency shall carry out the actions 
specified in this subsection, to the extent feasible and appropriate 
in the circumstances (including the extent to which sucn agency 
is able to secure the cooperation of parents and schools) to enable 
children to maintain the developmental gains achieved in Head 
Start programs and to build upon such gains in further schooling. 
"(2) The Head Start agency shall take steps to coordinate 
with the local educational agency serving the community involved 
and with schools in which children participating in a Head Start 
program operated by such agency will enroll following such pro-
gram, including— 
"(A) developing and implementing a systematic procedure 
for transferring, with parental consent, Head Start program 
records for each participating child to the school in which 
such child will enroll; 
"(B) establishing channels of communication between Head 
Start staff and their counterparts in the schools (including 
teachers, social workers, and health staff) to facilitate coordina-
tion of programs; 
"(C) conducting meetings involving parents, kindergarten 
or elementary school teachers, and Head Start program teach-
ers to discuss the developmental and other needs of individual 
children; and 
"(D) organizing and participating in joint transition-related 
training of school staff and Head Start staff. 
"(3) A Head Start agency may take steps to coordinate with 
the local educational agency serving the community involved and 
108 STAT. 636 
PUBLIC LAW 103-252—MAY 18, 1994 
Native 
Americans. 
Native 
Americans. 
Urban and 
rural areas. 
Disadvantaged 
persons. 
with schools in which children participating in a Head Start pro-
gram operated by such agency will enroll following such program, 
including— 
"(A) collaborating on the shared use of transportation and 
facilities; and 
"(B) 
exchanging 
information 
on 
the 
provision 
of 
noneducational services to such children. 
"(4) In order to promote the continued involvement of the 
parents of children that participate in Head Start programs in 
the education of their children upon transition to school, the Head 
Start agency shall— 
' 
"(A) provide training to the parents— 
"(i) to inform the parents about their rights and respon-
sibilities concerning the education of their children; and 
"(ii) to enable the parents to understand and work 
with schools in order to communicate with teachers and 
other school personnel, to support the school work of their 
children, and to participate as appropriate in decisions 
relating to the education of their children; and 
"(B) take other actions, as appropriate and feasible, to 
support the active involvement of the parents with schools, 
school personnel, and school-related organizations. 
"(5) The Secretary, in cooperation with the Secretary of Edu-
cation, shall— 
"(A) evaluate the effectiveness of the projects and activities 
r 
funded under the Head Start Transition Project Act (42 U.S.C. 
9855 et seq.); 
"(B) disseminate to Head Start agencies 
information 
(including information from the evaluation required by subpara-
graph (A)) on effective policies and activities relating to the 
transition of children from Head Start programs to pubUc 
schools; and 
"(C) provide technical assistance to such agencies to pro-
mote and assist such agencies to adopt and implement such 
effective poUcies and activities.". 
SEC. 110. FACILITIES AND ADMINISTRATIVE REQUIREMENTS. 
Section 644 (42 U.S.C. 9839) is amended— 
(1) in subsection (d), by striking "guidelines, instructions,"; 
(2) in subsection (f)— 
(A) in paragraph (2), by striking "640(a)(3)(A)(v)" and 
inserting "640(a)(3)(C)(v)"; and 
(B) by adding at the end the following new paragraph: 
"(3) Upon a determination by the Secretary that suitable facili-
ties are not otherwise available to Indian tribes to carry out Head 
Start programs, and that the lack of suitable facihties will inhibit 
the operation of such programs, the Secretary, in the discretion 
of the Secretary, may authorize the use of financial assistance, 
from the amount reserved under section 640(a)(2)(A), to make pay-
ments for the purchase of facilities owned by such tribes. The 
amount of such a payment for such a faciUty shall not exceed 
the fair market value of the facility."; and 
(3) by adding at the end the following new subsections: 
"(g)(1) Upon a determination by the Secretary that suitable 
facilities (including public school facilities) are not otherwise avail-
able to Indian tribes, rural communities, and other low-income 
communities to carry out Head Start programs, that the lack of 
PUBLIC LAW 103-252—MAY 18, 1994 
108 STAT. 637 
suitable facilities will inhibit the operation of such programs, and 
that construction of such facilities is more cost effective than pur-
chase of available facilities or renovation, the Secretary, in the 
discretion of the Secretary, may authorize the use of financial 
assistance under this subchapter to make pa3rments for capital 
expenditures related to facilities that will be used to carry out 
such programs. The Secretary shall establish uniform procedures 
for Head Start agencies to request approval for such payments, 
and shall promote, to the extent practicable, the collocation of 
Head Start programs with other programs serving low-income chil-
dren and families. 
"(2) Such payments may be used for capital expenditures 
(including paying the cost of amortizing the principal, and paying 
interest on, loans) such as expenditures for— 
"(A) construction of facilities that are not in existence on 
the date of the determination; 
"(B) major renovation of facilities in existence on such 
date; and 
"(C) purchase of vehicles used for programs conducted at 
the Head Start facilities. 
"(3) All laborers and mechanics employed by contractors or 
subcontractors in the construction or renovation of facilities to 
be used to carry out Head Start programs shall be paid wages 
at not less than those prevailing on similar construction in the 
locality, as determined by the Secretary of Labor in accordance 
with the Act of March 3, 1931, as amended (40 U.S.C. 276a et 
seq., commonly known as the 'Davis-Bacon Act'). 
"(h) In all personnel actions of the American Indian Programs 
Branch of the Head Start Bureau of the Administration for Children 
and Families, the Secretary shall give the same preference to 
individuals who are members of an Indian tribe as the Secretary 
gives to a disabled veteran, as defined in section 2108(3)(C) of 
title 5, United States Code. The Secretary shall take such additional 
actions as may be necessary to promote recruitment of such individ-
uals for emplojnnent in the Administration.". 
SEC. 111. PARTICIPATION. 
Section 645 (42 U.S.C. 9840) is amended— 
(1) in subsection (c)— 
(A) in the first sentence, by striking "may provide" 
and all that follows and inserting "shall be permitted to 
provide more than 1 year of Head Start services to eligible 
children (age 3 to compulsory school attendance) in the 
State."; and 
(B) by striking the second sentence; and 
(2) by adding at the end the following new subsection: 
"(d)(1) An Indian tribe that— 
"(A) operates a Head Start program; 
"(B) enrolls as participants in the program all children 
in the community served by the tribe (including a community 
with a near-reservation designation, as defined by the Bureau 
of Indian Affairs) from families that meet the low-income cri-
teria prescribed under subsection (a)(1)(A); and 
"(C) has the resources to enroll additional children in the 
community who do not meet the low-income criteria; 
108 STAT. 638 
PUBLIC LAW 103-252—MAY 18, 1994 
may enroll such additional children in a Head Start program, 
in accordance with this subsection, if the program predominantly 
serves children who meet the low-income criteria. 
"(2) The Indian tribe shall enroll the children in the Head 
Start program in accordance with such requirements as the Sec-
retary may specify by regulation promulgated after consultation 
with Indian tribes. 
"(3) In providing services through a Head Start program to 
such children, the Indian tribe may not use funds that the Secretary 
has determined, in accordance with section 640(g)(3), are to be 
used for expanding Head Start programs under this subchapter.". 
SEC. 112. INITIATIVE ON FAMILIES WITH INFANTS AND TODDLERS. 
(a) ESTABLISHMENT.—^The Act is amended by adding after sec-
tion 645 (42 U.S.C. 9840) the following new section: 
Disadvantaged 
"SEC. 645A. PROGRAMS FOR FAMILIES WITH INFANTS AND TODDLERS. 
42 use 9840a. 
"(a) IN GENERAL.—^The Secretary shall make grants, in accord-
ance with the provisions of this section for— 
"(1) programs providing family-centered services for low-
income families with very young children designed to promote 
the development of the children, and to enable their parents 
to ftilfiU their roles as parents and to move toward self-suffi-
ciency; and 
"(2) provision of training and technical assistance to entities 
canying out programs, and evaluation of programs, that were 
supported under the Comprehensive Child Development Act 
(42 U.S.C. 9881 et seq.), as in effect on the day before the 
date of enactment of this section. 
"(b) SCOPE AND DESIGN OF PROGRAMS.—In carrying out a pro-
gram described in subsection (a), an entity receiving assistance 
under this section shall— 
"(1) provide, either directly or through referral, early, 
continuous, intensive, and comprehensive child development 
and family support services that will enhance the physical, 
social, emotional, and intellectual development of participating 
children; 
"(2) ensure that the level of services provided to famiUes 
responds to their needs and circumstances; 
"(3) promote positive parent-child interactions; 
"(4) provide services to parents to support their role as 
parents and to help the families move toward self-sufficiency 
(including educational and emplojmient services as appro-
priate); 
"(5) coordinate services with services provided by programs 
in the State and programs in the community to ensure a 
comprehensive array of services (such as health and mental 
health services); 
"(6) ensure formal Unkages with local Head Start programs 
in order to provide for continuity of services for children and 
families; 
"(7) in the case of a Head Start agency that operates 
a program and that also provides Head Start services through 
the age of msindatory school attendance, ensure that children 
and families participating in the program receive such services 
through such age; and 
PUBLIC LAW 103-252—MAY 18, 1994 
108 STAT. 639 
"(8) meet such other requirements concerning design and 
operation of the program described in subsection (a) as the 
Secretary may estabhsh. 
"(c) 
PERSONS ELIGIBLE TO PARTICIPATE.—Persons who 
may 
participate in programs described in subsection (a)(1) include— 
"(1) pregnant women; and 
"(2) families with children under age 3 (or under age 5, 
in the case of children served by an entity specified in sub-
section (e)(3)); 
who meet the income criteria specified for families in section 
645(a)(1). 
"(d) ELIGIBLE SERVICE PROVIDERS.—To be eligible to receive 
assistance under this section, an entity shall submit an application 
to the Secretary at such time, in such manner, £uid containing 
such information as the Secretary may require. Entities that may 
apply to carry out activities under this section include— 
"(1) entities operating Head Start programs under this 
subchapter; 
"(2) entities that, on the day before the date of enactment 
of this section, were operating— 
"(A) Parent-Child Centers receiving financial assist-
ance under section 640(a)(4), as in effect on such date; 
or 
"(B) programs receiving financial assistance under the 
Comprehensive Child Development Act, as in effect on such 
date; and 
"(3) other public entities, and nonprofit private entities, 
capable of providing child and family services that meet the 
standards for participation in programs under this subchapter 
and meet such other appropriate requirements relating to the 
activities under this section as the Secretary may establish. 
"(e) TIME-LIMITED PRIORITY FOR CERTAIN ENTITIES.— 
"(1) IN GENERAL.—From amounts allotted pursuant to para-
graphs (2) and (4) of section 640(a), the Secretary shall provide 
financial assistance in accordance with paragraphs (2) through 
(4). 
"(2) PARENT-CHILD CENTERS.—The Secretary shall make 
financial assistance available under this section for each of 
fiscal years 1995, 1996, and 1997 to any entity that— 
"(A) complies with subsection (b); and 
"(B) received funding as a Parent-Child Center pursu-
ant to section 640(a)(4), as in effect on the day before 
the date of enactment of this section, for fiscal year 1994. 
"(3) COMPREHENSIVE CHILD DEVELOPMENT CENTERS.— 
"(A) In the case of an entity that received a grant 
for fiscal year 1994 to operate a project under the Com-
prehensive Child Development Act, the Secretary— 
"(i) shall make financial assistance available under 
this section, in a comparable amount and scope to 
the assistance provided for fiscal year 1994, for the 
duration of the project period specified in the grant 
award to such entity under such Act; and 
"(ii) shall permit such entity, in carrying out activi-
ties assisted under this section, to serve children from 
birth through age 5. 
"(B) In the case of an entity that received a grant 
for fiscal year 1989 to operate a project under the Com-
108 STAT. 640 
PUBLIC LAW 103-252—MAY 18, 1994 
prehensive Child Development Act, the Secretary shall 
make assistance available under this section for each of 
fiscal years 1995, 1996, £ind 1997 to any entity that com-
plies with subsection (b). 
"(4) EVALUATIONS, TRAINING, AND TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE.— 
The Secretary shall make financial assistance available under 
this section as necessary to provide for the evaluation of, and 
furnishing of training and technical assistance to, programs 
specified in paragraph (3)(A). 
"(f) SELECTION OF OTHER GRANT RECIPIENTS.—From the bal-
ance remaining of the portion specified in section 640(a)(6), after 
making grants to the eligible entities specified in subsection (e), 
the Secretary shall award grants under this subsection on a 
competitive basis to applicants meeting the criteria specified in 
subsection (d) (giving priority to entities with a record of providing 
early, continuous, and comprehensive childhood development and 
family services). 
"(g) DISTRIBUTION.—In awarding grants to eligible appUcants 
under this section, the Secretary shall— 
"(1) ensure an equitable national geographic distribution 
of the grants; and 
Urban and 
"(2) award grants to applicants proposing to serve commu-
rural areas. 
nities in rural areas and to applicants proposing to serve 
communities in urban areas. 
"(h) SECRETARIAL RESPONSIBILITIES.— 
"(1) GUIDELINES.—Not later than September 30, 1994, the 
Secretary shall develop program guidelines concerning the con-
tent and operation of programs assisted under this section— 
"(A) in consultation with experts in early childhood 
development, experts in health, and experts in family serv-
ices; and 
"(B) taking into consideration the knowledge and 
experience gained from other early childhood programs, 
including programs under the Comprehensive Child Devel-
opment Act, and from migrant Head Start programs that 
serve a large number of infants and toddlers. 
"(2) STANDARDS.—Not later than December 30, 1994, the 
Secretary shall develop and publish performance standards for 
programs assisted under this section, and a grant announce-
ment based on the guidelines developed under paragraph (1). 
"(3) 
MONITORING, TRAINING, TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE, AND 
EVALUATION.—In order to ensure the successful operation of 
programs assisted under this section, the Secretary shall use 
funds from the balance described in subsection (f) to monitor 
the operation of such programs, evaluate their effectiveness, 
and provide training and technical assistance tailored to the 
particular needs of such programs.", 
(b) CONSOLIDATION.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—In recognition that the Comprehensive 
Child Development Centers Act has demonstrated positive 
results, and that its purposes and functions have been consoli-
dated into section 645A of the Head Start Act, the Comprehen-
sive Child Development Centers Act of 1988 (42 U.S.C. 9801 
note) and the Comprehensive Child Development Act (42 U.S.C. 
42 use 9881 
9881 et seq.) are repealed, 
note. 
(2) REPEALS.— 
PUBLIC LAW 103-252—MAY 18, 1994 
108 STAT. 641 
(A) Part E of title II of the Augustus F. Hawkins-
Robert T. Stafford Elementary and Secondary School 
Amendments of 1988 (PubUc Law 100-297; 102 Stat. 325) 
is repealed. 
(B) Subchapter F of chapter 8 of subtitle A of title 
VI of the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1981 (Pub-
lic Law 97-35; 42 U.S.C. 9801 note, et seq.) is repealed. 
(c) CONFORMING AMENDMENT.—Section 638 of the Head Start 
Act (42 U.S.C. 9833) is amended— 
(1) in subsection (a) by striking "(a)"; and 
(2) by striking subsection (b). 
SEC. 113. APPEALS, NOTICE, AND HEARING. 
(a) MEDIATION FOR DISPUTES WITH DELEGATE AGENCIES, AND 
HEARING.—Section 646(a) (42 U.S.C. 9841(a)) is amended— 
(1) at the end of paragraph (2), by striking "and"; 
(2) at the end of paragraph (3), by striking the period 
and inserting "; and"; and 
(3) by adding at the end the following new paragraph: 
"(4) the Secretary shall develop and publish procedures 
(including mediation procedures) to be used in order to— 
"(A) resolve in a timely manner conflicts potentially 
leading to adverse action between— 
"(i) recipients of financial assistance under this 
subchapter; and 
"(ii) delegate agencies or Head Start Parent Policy 
Councils; and 
"(B) avoid the need for an administrative hearing on 
an adverse action.". 
(b) 
TERMINATION 
OF DESIGNATION NOT STAYED 
PENDING 
APPEAL.—Section 646 (42 U.S.C. 9841) is further amended by strik-
ing subsection (b) and inserting the following new subsection: 
"(b) In prescribing procedures for the mediation described in 
subsection (a)(4), the Secretary shall specify— 
"(1) the date by which a Head Start agency engaged in 
a conflict described in subsection (a)(4) will notify the appro-
priate regional office of the Department of the conflict; and 
"(2) a reasonable period for the mediation. 
"(c) The Secretary shall also specify— 
"(1) a timeline for an administrative hearing, if necessary, 
on an adverse action; and 
"(2) a timeline by which the person conducting the adminis-
trative hearing shall issue a decision based on the hearing. 
"(d) In any case in which a termination, reduction, or suspen-
sion of financial assistance under this subchapter is upheld in 
an administrative hearing under this section, such termination, 
reduction, or suspension shall not be stayed pending £uiy judicial 
appeal of such administrative decision. 
"(e)(1) The Secretary shall by regulation specify a process by 
which an Indian tribe may identify emd establish an alternative 
agency, and request that the alternative agency be designated under 
section 641 as the Head Start agency providing services to the 
tribe, if— 
"(A) the Secretary terminates financial assistance under 
section 646 to the only agency that was receiving financial 
assistance to provide Head Start services ^;o the Indian tribe; 
and 
42 use 9801 
note, 9881 note. 
42 use 9881 
et seq. 
Publication. 
Regulations. 
Native 
Americans. 
108 STAT. 642 
PUBLIC LAW 103-252—MAY 18, 1994 
"(B) the tribe would otherwise be precluded from providing 
such services to the members of the tribe. 
"(2) The regulation required by this subsection shall prohibit 
such designation of an alternative agency that includes an employee 
who— 
"(A) served on the administrative staff or program staff 
of the agency described in paragraph (1)(A); and 
"(B) was responsible for a deficiency that— 
"(i) relates to the performance standards or financial 
management standards described in section 641A(a)(l); and 
"(ii) was the basis for the termination of financial 
assistance described in paragraph (1)(A); 
as determined by the Secretary after providing the notice and 
opportunity described in subsection (a)(3).". 
SEC. 114. GOALS AND PRIORITIES FOR TRAINING AND TECHNICAL 
ASSISTANCE. 
Section 648 (42 U.S.C. 9843) is amended— 
(1) in the section heading to read as follows: 
"TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE AND TRAINING"; 
(2) in subsection (a)(2), by striking "Head Start programs, 
including" and inserting "Head Start programs, in accordance 
with the process, and the provisions for allocating resources, 
set forth in subsections (b) and (c). The Secretary shall provide, 
either directly or through grants or other arrangements, ; 
(3)(A) by redesignating the final sentence of subsection 
(a), as amended by paragraph (2), as subsection (e); 
(B) by transferring such subsection to the end of the section; 
and 
(C) by indenting such subsection and aligning the margins 
of such subsection with the margins of subsection (d); 
(4) by striking subsections (b) and (c); 
(5) by inserting after subsection (a) the following new sub-
sections: 
"(b) The process for determining the technical assistance and 
training activities to be carried out under this section shall— 
"(1) ensure that the needs of local Head Start agencies 
and programs relating to improving program quality and to 
program expansion are addressed to the maximum extent fea-
sible; and 
"(2) incorporate mechanisms to ensure responsiveness to 
local needs, including an ongoing procedure for obtaining input 
from the individuals and agencies carrying out Head Start 
programs. 
(c) In allocating resources for technical assistance and training 
under this section, the Secretary shall— 
"(1) give priority consideration to activities to correct pro-
gram and management deficiencies identified through reviews 
pursuant to section 641A(c) (including the provision of assist-
ance to local programs in the development of quality improve-
ment plans under section 641A(d)(2)); 
"(2) address the training and career development needs 
of classroom staff (including instruction for providing services 
to children with disabilities) and nonclassroom staff", including 
home visitors and other staff working directly with families, 
including training relating to increasing parent involvement 
PUBLIC LAW 103-252—MAY 18, 1994 
108 STAT. 643 
and services designed to increase family literacy and improve 
parenting skills; 
"(3) assist Head Start agencies and programs in conducting 
and participating in commimitywide strategic planning and 
needs assessment; 
"(4) assist Head Start agencies and programs in developing 
full-working-day 
and 
full-calendar-year 
programs 
where 
community need is clearly identified and meiking the transition 
to such programs, with particular attention to involving parents 
and programming for children throughout a longer day; 
(5) assist Head Start agencies in better serving the needs 
of families with very young children; 
"(6) assist Head Start agencies and programs in the devel-
opment of sound management practices, including financial 
management procedures; 
"(7) assist in efforts to secure and maintain adequate facili-
ties for Head Start programs; and 
"(8) assist Head Start agencies in developing innovative 
program models, including mobile and home-based programs."; 
and 
(6) in subsection (d), by adding at the end the following: 
"Special consideration shall be given to entities that have dem-
onstrated effectiveness in educational programming for preschool 
children that includes components for parental involvement, care 
provider training, and developmentally appropriate related activi-
ties.". 
SEC. 115. STAFF QUALIFICATIONS AND DEVELOPMENT. 
The Head Start Act is amended by inserting after section 
648 (42 U.S.C. 9843) the following new section: 
"SEC. 648A. STAFF QUALIFICATIONS AND DEVELOPMENT. 
42 USC 9843a. 
"(a) CLASSROOM TEACHERS.— 
"(1) DEGREE REQUIREMENTS.—The Secretary shall ensure 
that not later than September 30, 1996, each Head Start class-
room in a center-based program is assigned one teacher who 
has— 
"(A) a child development associate (CDA) credential 
that is appropriate to the age of the children being served 
in center-based programs; 
"(B) a State-awarded certificate for preschool teachers 
that meets or exceeds the requirements for a child develop-
ment associate credential; 
"(C) an associate, a baccalaureate, or an advanced 
degree in early childhood education; or 
"(D) a degree in a field related to early childhood 
education with experience in teaching preschool children 
and a State-awarded certificate to teach in a preschool 
program. 
"(2) WAIVER.—On request, the Secretary shall grant a 180-
day waiver of the requirements of paragraph (1) with respect 
to an individual who— 
"(A) is first employed after September 30, 1996, by 
a Head Start agency as a teacher for a Head Start class-
room; 
"(B) is enrolled in a program that grants any credential, 
certificate, or degree specified in subparagraph (A), (B), 
(C), or (D) of paragraph (1); and 
108 STAT. 644 
PUBLIC LAW 103-252—MAY 18, 1994 
"(C) will receive such credential under the terms of 
such program not later than 180 days after beginning 
employment as a teacher with such agency. 
"(3) LIMITATION.—^The Secretary may not grant more than 
one such waiver with respect to such individual. 
"(b) MEISTTOR TEACHERS.— 
"(1) DEFINITION; FUNCTION.—For purposes of this sub-
section, the term 'mentor teacher' means an individual respon-
sible for observing and assessing the classroom activities of 
a Head Start program and providing on-the-job guidance and 
training to the Head Stsirt program staff and volunteers, in 
order to improve the qualifications and training of classroom 
staff, to maintain high quality education services, and to pro-
mote career development, in Head Start programs. 
"(2) REQUIREMENT.—In order to assist Head Start agencies 
in establishing positions for mentor teachers, the Secretary 
shall— 
"(A) provide technical assistance and training to enable 
Head Start agencies to establish such positions; 
"(B) give priority consideration, in providing assistance 
pursuant to subparagraph (A), to Head Start programs 
that have substantial numbers of new classroom staff, that 
are experiencing difficulty in meeting applicable education 
standards, or that lack staff of a similar cultural back-
ground to that of the participating children and their fami-
lies; 
"(C) encourage Head Start programs to give priority 
consideration for such positions to Head Start teachers 
at the appropriate level of career advancement in such 
programs; ana 
"(D) promote the development of model curricula, 
designed to ensure the attainment of appropriate com-
petencies of mentor teachers in Head Start programs. 
"(c) FAMILY SERVICE WORKERS.—In order to improve the quality 
and effectiveness of staff providing in-home and other services 
(including needs assessment, development of service plans, family 
advocacy, and coordination of service delivery) to families of children 
participating in Head Start programs, the Secretary, in coordination 
with concerned public and private agencies and organizations 
examining the issues of standeirds and training for family service 
workers, shsdl— 
"(1) review and, as necessary, revise or develop new quali-
fication standards for Head Start staff providing such services; 
"(2) promote the development of model curricula (on sub-
jects including parenting training and family literacy) designed 
to ensure the attainment of appropriate competencies by 
individuals working or planning to work in the field of early 
childhood and family services; and 
"(3) promote the establishment of a credential 
that 
indicates attainment of the competencies and that is accepted 
nationwide. 
"(d) HEAD START FELLOWSHIPS.— 
"(1) AUTHORITY.—^The Secretary may establish a program 
of fellowships, to be known as 'Head Start Fellowships', in 
accordance with this subsection. The Secretary may award 
the fellowships to individuals, to be known as 'Head Start 
Fellows', who are staff in local Head Start programs or other 
PUBLIC LAW 103-252—MAY 18, 1994 
108 STAT. 645 
individuals working in the field of child development and family 
services. 
"(2) PURPOSE.—The fellowship program established under 
this subsection shall be designed to enhance the ability of 
Head Start Fellows to make significant contributions to pro-
grams 
authorized 
under 
this 
subchapter, by providing 
opportunities to expand their knowledge and experience 
through exposure to activities, issues, resources, and new 
approaches, in the field of child development and family serv-
ices. 
"(3) ASSIGNMENTS OF FELLOWS.— 
"(A) PLACEMENT SITES.—Fellowship positions under the 
fellowship program may be located (subject to subpara-
graphs (B) and (C))— 
"(i) in agencies of the Department of Health and 
Human Services administering programs authorized 
under this subchapter (in national or regional offices 
of such agencies); 
"(ii) in local Head Start agencies and programs; 
"(iii) in institutions of higher education; 
"(iv) in public or private entities and organizations 
concerned with services to children and famiUes; and 
"(v) in other appropriate settings. 
"(B) LIMITATION FOR FELLOWS OTHER THAN HEAD START 
EMPLOYEES.—^A Head Start Fellow who is not an employee 
of a local Head Start agency or program may be placed 
only in a fellowship position located in an agency or pro-
gram specified in clause (i) or (ii) of subparagraph (A). 
"(C) N o PLACEMENT IN LOBBYING ORGANIZATIONS.— 
Head Start Fellowship positions may not be located in 
any agency whose primary purpose, or one of whose major 
purposes, is to influence Federal, State, or local legislation. 
"(4) SELECTION OF FELLOWS.—Head Start Fellowships shall 
be awarded on a competitive basis to individuals (other than 
Federal employees) selected from among applicants who are 
working, on the date of application, in local Head Start pro-
grams or otherwise working in the field of child development 
and children and family services. 
"(5) DURATION.—Head Start Fellowships shall be for terms 
of 1 year, and may be renewed for a term of 1 additional 
year. 
"(6) AUTHORIZED EXPENDITURES.—From amounts appro-
priated under this subchapter and allotted under section 
640(a)(2)(D), the Secretary is authorized to make expenditures 
of not to exceed $1,000,000 for any fiscal year, for stipends 
and other reasonable expenses of the fellowship program. 
"(7) STATUS OF FELLOWS.—Except as otherwise provided 
in this paragraph, Head Start Fellows shall not be considered 
to be employees or otherwise in the service or employment 
of the Federal Government. Head Start Fellows shall be consid-
ered to be employees for purposes of compensation for injuries 
under chapter 81 of title 5, United States Code. Head Start 
Fellows assigned to positions located in agencies specified in 
paragraph (3)(A)(i) shall be considered employees in the execu-
tive branch of the Federal Grovemment for the purposes of 
chapter 11 of title 18, United States Code, and for purposes 
108 STAT. 646 
PUBLIC LAW 103-252—MAY 18, 1994 
of any administrative standards of conduct applicable to the 
employees of the agency to which they are assigned. 
"(8) REGULATIONS.—^The Secretary shall promulgate regula-
tions to carry out this subsection. 
"(e) MODEL STAFFING PLANS.—Not later than 1 year after the 
date of enactment of this subsection, the Secretary, in consultation 
with appropriate public agencies, private agencies, and organiza-
tions and with individuals with expertise in the field of children 
and family services, shall develop model staffing plans to provide 
guidance to local Head Start agencies and programs on the num-
bers, types, responsibilities, and qualifications of staff required to 
operate a Head Start program.". 
SEC. 116. RESEARCH, DEMONSTRATIONS, EVALUATION. 
Section 649 (42 U.S.C. 9844) is amended to read as follows: 
"SEC. 649. RESEARCH, DEMONSTRATIONS, AND EVALUATION. 
"(a) IN GENERAL.— 
"(1) REQUIREMENT; GENERAL PunposES.^The Secretary 
shall carry out a continuing program of research, demonstra-
tion, and evaluation activities, in order to— 
"(A) foster continuous improvement in the quality of 
the Head Start programs under this subchapter and in 
their effectiveness in enabling participating cnildren and 
their families to succeed in school and otherwise; and 
"(B) use the Head Start programs to develop, test, 
and disseminate new ideas and approaches for addressing 
the needs of low-income preschool children (including chil-
dren with disabilities) and their families and communities 
(including demonstrations of innovative noncenter-based 
program models such as home-based and mobile programs), 
and otherwise to further the purposes of this subchapter. 
"(2) PLAN.—^The Secretary shall develop, and periodically 
update, a plan governing the research, d!emonstration, and 
evaluation activities under this section. 
"(b) CONDUCT OF RESEARCH, DEMONSTRATION, AND EVALUATION 
ACTIVITIES.—^The Secretary, in order to conduct research, dem-
onstration, and evaluation activities under this section— 
"(1) may carry out such activities directly, or through grants 
to, or contracts or cooperative agreements with, public or pri-
vate entities; 
"(2) shall, to the extent appropriate, undertake such activi-
ties in collaboration with other Federal agencies, and with 
non-Federal agencies, conducting similar activities; 
"(3) shall ensure that evaluation of activities in a specific 
program or project is conducted by persons not directly involved 
in the operation of such program or project; 
"(4) may require Head Start agencies to provide for 
independent evaluations; 
"(5) may approve, in appropriate cases, community-based 
cooperative research and evaluation efforts to enable Head 
Start programs to collaborate with qualified researchers not 
directly involved in program administration or operation; and 
"(6) may collaborate with organizations with expertise in 
inclusive educational strategies for preschoolers with disabil-
ities. 
"(c) 
CONSULTATION AND COLLABORATION.—In carrying 
out 
activities under this section, the Secretary shall— 
PUBLIC LAW 103-252—MAY 18, 1994 
108 STAT. 647 
"(1) consult with— 
"(A) individuals from relevant academic disciplines; 
"(B) individuals who are involved in the operation of 
Head Start programs smd individuals who are involved 
in the operation of other child and family service programs; 
and 
"(C) individuals from other Federal agencies, and 
individuals from organizations, involved with children and 
families, ensuring that the individuals described in this 
subparagraph reflect the multicultural nature of the chil-
dren and families served by the Head Start programs and 
the multidisciplinaiy nature of the Head Start programs; 
"(2) whenever feasible and appropriate, obtain the views 
of persons participating in and served by programs and projects 
assisted under this subchapter with respect to activities under 
this section; and 
"(3) establish, to the extent appropriate, working relation-
ships with the faculties of institutions of higher education, 
as defined in section 1201(a) of the Higher Education Act 
of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1141(a)), located in the area in which any 
evaluation under this section is being conducted, unless there 
is no such institution of higher education willing and able 
to participate in such evaluation. 
"(d) SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES.—^The research, demonstration, and 
evaluation activities luider this subchapter shall include compo-
nents designed to— 
"(1) permit ongoing assessment of the quahty and effective-
ness of the programs under this subchapter; 
"(2) contribute to developing knowledge concerning factors 
associated with the quality and effectiveness of Head Start 
programs and in identif3dng ways in which services provided 
under this subchapter may be improved; 
"(3) assist in developing knowledge concerning the factors 
that promote or inhibit healthy development and effective func-
tioning of children and their families both during and following 
participation in a Head Start program; 
"(4) permit comparisons of children and families participat-
ing in Head Start programs with children and families receiving 
other child care, early childhood education, or child development 
services and with other appropriate control groups; 
"(5) contribute to understanding the characteristics and 
needs of population groups eligible for services provided under 
this subchapter and the impact of such services on the individ-
uals served and the communities in which such services are 
provided; 
"(6) provide for disseminating and promoting the use of 
the findings from such research, demonstration, and evaluation 
activities; and 
"(7) promote exploration of areas in which knowledge is 
insufficient, and that will otherwise contribute to fulfilling the 
purposes of this subchapter. 
"(e) 
LONGITUDINAL STUDIES.—In developing priorities 
for 
research, demonstration, and evaluation activities under this sec-
tion, the Secretary shall give special consideration to longitudinal 
studies that— 
"(1) examine the developmental progress of children and 
their famiUes both during and following participation in a Head 
79-194 O—95-22 : QL 3 Part 1 
108 STAT. 648 
PUBLIC LAW 103-252—MAY 18, 1994 
Start program, including the examination of factors that 
contribute to or detract from such progress; 
"(2) examine factors related to improving the quality of 
the Head Start programs and the preparation the programs 
provide for children and their families to function effectively 
in schools and other settings in the years following participation 
in such a program; and 
"(3) as appropriate, permit comparison of children and fami-
lies participating in Head Start programs with children and 
families receiving other child care, early childhood education, 
or child development services, and with other appropriate con-
trol groups. 
"(f) OWNERSHIP OF RESULTS.—The Secretary shall take nec-
essary steps to ensure that all studies, reports, proposals, and 
data produced or developed with Federal funds under this sub-
chapter shall become the property of the United States.". 
SEC. 117. ANNOUNCEMENTS AND EVALUATIONS. 
Section 650 (42 U.S.C. 9845) is repealed. 
SEC. 118. REPORTS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Section 651 (42 U.S.C. 9846) is amended— 
(1) by striking the section heading and all that follows 
through subsection (f) and inserting: 
"SEC. 651. REPORTS."; 
(2) by striking "(g)"; 
(3) in paragraph (10), by striking "evaluations conducted 
under section 641(c)(2)" and inserting "monitoring conducted 
under section 641A(c)"; and 
(4)(A) by striking "and" at the end of paragraph (11); 
(B) by striking the period at the end of paragraph (12) 
and inserting a semicolon; 
(C) by adding after paragraph (12) the following new para-
graphs: 
"(13) a summary of information concerning the research, 
demonstration, and evaluation activities conducted under sec-
tion 649, including— 
"(A) a status report on ongoing activities; and 
"(B) results, conclusions, and recommendations, not 
included in any previous report, based on completed activi-
ties; and 
"(14) a study of the delivery of Head Start programs to 
Indian children living on and near Indian reservations, to chil-
dren of Alaskan Natives, and to children of migrant and sea-
sonal farmworkers.". 
(b) REDESIGNATION.—Section 651 is redesignated as section 
42 use 9846. 
650. 
SEC. 119. REPEALS. 
Sections 65lA and 652 (42 U.S.C. 9846a and 9847) are repealed. 
42 use 9839 
SEC. 120. STUDY OF BENEFITS FOR HEAD START EMPLOYEES. 
(a) STUDY.—^The Secretary of Health and Human Services shall 
conduct a study regarding the benefits available to individuals 
employed by Head Start agencies under the Head Start Act (42 
U.S.C. 9831 et seq.). 
(b) REPORT.— 
PUBLIC LAW 103-252—MAY 18, 1994 
108 STAT. 649 
20 
use 3161-
3161g, 
1235-
1235g. 
(1) PREPARATION.—^The Secretary shall prepare a report, 
containing the results of the study, that— 
(A) describes the benefits, including health care bene-
fits, family and medical leave, and retirement pension bene-
fits, available to such individuals; 
(B) includes recommendations for increasing the access 
of the individuals to benefits, including access to a retire-
ment pension program; and 
(C) addresses the feasibility of participation by such 
individuals in the Federal Employees' Retirement System 
under chapter 84 of title 5, United States Code. 
(2) SUBMISSION.—The Secretary shall submit the report 
to the appropriate committees of Congress. 
SEC. 121. READY TO LEARN PROGRAM REAUTHORIZATION. 
(a) TRANSFER.— 
(1) IN GENERAL.—Part G of title IV of the Elementary 
and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 3161 et seq.)— 
(A) is amended by redesignating sections 4701 through 
4708 as sections 471 through 478; 
(B) is transferred to the General Education Provisions 
Act (20 U.S.C. 1221 et seq.); 
(C) is redesignated as part F of such Act; and 
(D) is inserted after part E of such Act. 
(2) CONFORMING AMENDMENTS.— 
(A) Section 471(a) of the General Education Provisions 
Act (as transferred and added by paragraph (1)) is 20 USC1235. 
amended— 
(i) by striking "Secretary" and inserting "Secretary 
of Education (hereafter referred to in this subchapter 
as the 'Secretary*)"; and 
(ii) by striking "4702(b)" and inserting "472(b)". 
(B) Section 474 of the General Education Provisions 
Act (as transferred and added by paragraph (1)) is amended 
20 USC 1235c. 
by striking "4701 or 4703" and inserting "471 or 473". 
(C) Section 475 of the General Education Provisions 
Act (as transferred and added by paragraph (1)) is 20 USC I235d. 
amended— 
(i) in subsection (a), by striking "4701" and insert-
ing "471"; and 
(ii) in subsection (b)— 
(I) by striking "4702(a)" in paragraph (1) and 
inserting "472(a)"; and 
(II) by striking "4703(3)" in paragraph (1) and 
inserting "473(3)". 
(D) Section 476(a) of the General Education Provisions 
Act (as transferred and added by paragraph (1)) is amended 
in subsection (b), by striking "4703(1)(C)" and inserting 
"473(1)(C)". 
(b) ELIGIBLE ENTITIES.—Section 472(b)(1) of the (Jeneral Edu-
cation Provisions Act (as transferred and added by subsection (a)(1)) 
is amended by striking ", nongovernmental entity" and inserting 
"entity (including public telecommunications entities)". 
(c) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—Section 476(a) of the 
General Education Provisions Act (as transferred and added by 
subsection (a)(1)) is amended— 
20 USC 1235e. 
20 USC 1235a. 
108 STAT. 650 
PUBLIC LAW 103-252—MAY 18, 1994 
(1) by striking "$25,000,000 for fiscal year 1993" and insert-
ing "$30,000,000 for fiscal year 1995"; and 
(2) by striking "for fiscal year 1994." and inserting "for 
each of fiscal years 1996 and 1998.". 
SEC. 122. STATE DEPENDENT CARE DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMS. 
Section 670A of the State Dependent Care Development Grants 
Act (42 U.S.C. 9871) is amended by striking "are authorized to 
be appropriated" and all that follows and inserting "is authorized 
to be appropriated $13,000,000 for fiscal year 1995.". 
SEC. 123. CONSULTATION WITH THE CORPORATION FOR NATIONAL 
AND COMMUNITY SERVICE. 
The Act is amended by adding at the end the following: 
42 use 9852a. 
"SEC. 657A. CONSULTATION WITH THE CORPORATION FOR NATIONAL 
AND COMMUNITY SERVICE. 
"The Secretary shall consult with the Chief Executive Officer 
of the Corporation for National and Community Service regarding 
the dissemination of information about the Corporation's programs, 
to programs that receive funds under this subchapter.". 
SEC. 124. REAUTHORIZATION OF CHILD DEVELOPMENT ASSOCIATE 
SCHOLARSHIP ASSISTANCE ACT OF 1985. 
Section 606 of the Child Development Associate Scholarship 
Assistance Act of 1985 (42 U.S.C. 10905) is amended by striking 
"$1,500,000" and all that follows and inserting "to carry out this 
title such sums as may be necessary for fiscal year 1995.". 
SEC. 125. TECHNICAL AND CONFORMING AMENDMENTS. 
(a) HEAD START TRANSITION PROJECT ACT.—Section 133(a) of 
42 use 9855a. 
the Head Start Transition Project Act is aiiiended by striking 
"639(c)" and inserting "639(b)". 
(b) SOCIAL SECURITY ACT.—Section 1924(d)(3)(A)(i) of the Social 
Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1396r-5(d)(3)(A)(i)) is amended by striking 
"sections 652 and 673(2)" and inserting "section 673(2)". 
42 use 9844 
SEC. 126. STUDY OF FULL-DAY AND FULL-YEAR HEAD START PRO-
note. 
GRAMS. 
(a) STUDY.—^The Secretary of Health and Human Services shall 
conduct a study of the extent to which Head Start programs are 
addressing the need for Head Start services during a full working 
day or full calendar year among eligible low-income famiUes with 
preschool children. 
(b) REPORT.—^The Secretary shall prepare and submit a report 
to the Committee on Education and Labor of the House of Rep-
resentatives and the Committee on Labor and Human Resources 
of the Senate not later than January 31, 1997, containing the 
results of the study, including— 
(1) the number of eligible children in need of full-day or 
full-year Head Start programs; 
(2) the number of full-day, full-year Head Start programs 
and the number of children served in such program and those 
provided full-day or full-year services through cooperative 
arrangements with other funding sources; 
(3) a description of promising models currently employed 
by Head Start programs for meeting such needs both directly 
and through arrangements with other service providers; 
PUBLIC LAW 103-252—MAY 18, 1994 
108 STAT. 651 
(4) a description of the barriers to meeting the need for 
full-day, full-year care among such families; and 
(5) recommendations on how the barriers could be elimi-
nated in order to meet the needs of children and families 
served. 
SEC. 127. EFFECTIVE DATE AND APPLICATION. 
(a) EFFECTIVE DATE.—This title, and the amendments made 
by this title, shall take effect on the date of enactment of this 
title. 
(b) APPLICATION.—The requirements of this title and the 
amendments made by this title shall not apply to Head Start 
agencies and other recipients of financial assistsuice under the 
Head Start Act until October 1, 1994. 
TITLE II—COMMUNITY SERVICES 
BLOCK GRANT AMENDMENTS 
SEC. 201. SHORT TITLE AND REFERENCES. 
(a) SHORT TITLE.—This title may be cited as the "Community 
Services Block Grant Amendments of 1994". 
(b) REFERENCES.—Except as otherwise expressly provided, 
whenever in this title an amendment or repeal is expressed in 
terms of an amendment to, or repeal of, a section or other provision, 
the reference shall be considered to be made to a section or other 
provision of the Community Services Block Grant Act (42 U.S.C. 
9901 et seq.). 
SEC. 202. AUTHORIZATIONS OF APPROPRIATIONS. 
(a) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRL\TION.—Subsection (b) of sec-
tion 672 (42 U.S.C. 9901(b)) is amended to read as follows: 
"(b) There are authorized to be appropriated $525,000,000 for 
fiscal year 1995, and such sums as may be necessary for each 
of fiscal years 1996 through 1998, to carry out the provisions 
of this subtitle.". 
(b) STATE ALLOCATIONS.—Section 674 (42 U.S.C. 9903) is 
amended— 
(1) by redesignating subsections (a), (b) and (c) as sub-
sections (b), (c) and (d), respectively; and 
(2) by inserting before subsection (b) (as so redesignated), 
the following new subsection: 
"(a)(1) Of the amounts appropriated for a fiscal year pursuant 
to section 672(b), the Secretary may reserve not less than one-
half of 1 percent and not more than 1 percent for training, technical 
assistance, planning, evaluation, and data collection activities 
related to programs or projects carried out under this subtitle. 
Such activities may be carried out by the Secretary through grants, 
contracts, or cooperative agreements with eligible entities or with 
organizations or associations whose membership is composed of 
eligible entities or agencies that administer programs for eligible 
entities. 
"(2) The process for determining the technical assistance and 
training activities to be carried out under this section shall— 
"(A) ensure the needs of community action agencies and 
programs relating to improving program quality, including 
42 u s e 9832 
note. 
Community 
Services 
Block Grant 
Amendments of 
1994. 
42 use 9901 
note. 
108 STAT. 652 
PUBLIC LAW 103-252—MAY 18, 1994 
financial management practices, are addressed to the maximum 
extent feasible; and 
"(B) incorporate mechanisms to ensure responsiveness to 
local needs, including an ongoing procedure for obtaining input 
from the community action State and national network, 
(c) APPLICATIONS AND REQUIREMENTS.— 
(1) FORM AND ASSURANCES.—Section 675(a) (42 U.S.C. 
9904(a)) is amended by inserting "or significant amendments 
thereof" before "shall contain assurances". 
(2) USE OF FUNDS.—Section 675(c)(1) (42 U.S.C. 9904(c)(1)) 
is amended by striking "use the funds available under this 
subtitle" and inserting "ensure that, at its discretion and 
consistent with agreements with the State, each recipient of 
fimds available under this subtitle will use such funds". 
(3) ASSURED ACTIVITIES.—Section 675(c)(1)(B) (42 U.S.C. 
9904(c)(1)(B)) is amended by inserting "homeless individuals 
and families, migrants, and" before "the elderly poor". 
(4) 
STATE 
RESPONSIBILITIES.—Section 
675(c)(2)(B) 
(42 
U.S.C. 9904(c)(2)(B)) is amended to read as follows: 
"(B) if less than 100 percent of the allotment is expended 
under subparagraph (A), provide assurances that with respect 
to the remainder of the allotment a reasonable amount shall 
be used for— 
"(i) providing training and technical assistance to those 
entities in need of such assistance and such activities will 
not be considered administrative expenses; 
"(ii) coordinating State-operated programs and services 
targeted to low-income children and families with services 
provided by eligible entities funded under this subtitle, 
including outposting appropriate State or local public 
employees into entities funded luider this subtitle to ensure 
increased access to services provided by such State or local 
agencies; 
"(iii) supporting statewide coordination and commu-
nication among eligible entities; 
"(iv) administrative expenses at the State level, includ-
ing monitoring activities, but not more than $55,000 or 
5 percent of its allotment under section 674; and 
"(v) considering the distribution of funds under this 
subtitle within the State to determine if such funds have 
been targeted to the areas of greatest need.". 
(5) 
TRIPARTITE 
BOARD.—Section 
675(c)(3) 
(42 
U.S.C. 
9904(c)(3)) is amended— 
(A) by inserting "selected by the community action 
agency or nonprofit private organization and" after "board 
will be"; 
(B) by redesignating subparagraphs (A), (B), and (C) 
as clauses (i), (ii), and (iii), respectively; 
(C) by striking the comma after "provide assurances 
that" and inserting "(A)"; and 
(D) by inserting before the semicolon at the end thereof 
", and (B) in the case of a public organization receiving 
funds 
under 
this 
subtitle, 
such organization 
either 
establish— 
"(i) a board of which at least one-third of the 
members are persons chosen in accordance with demo-
PUBLIC LAW 103-252—MAY 18, 1994 
108 STAT. 653 
cratic selection procedures adequate to assure that they 
Eire representative of the poor in the area served; or 
"(ii) another mechanism specified by the State to 
assure low-income citizen participation in the planning, 
administration, and evaluation of projects for which 
such organization has been funded;". 
(6) REGULATIONS.—^The next to last sentence of section 
675(c) (42 U.S.C. 9904(c)) is amended to read as follows: 'The 
Secretary may prescribe procedures only for the purpose of 
assessing the effectiveness of eUgible entities in carrying out 
the purposes of this subtitle.". 
(d) COMMUNITY ACTION PLAN.—Section 675(c) (42 U.S.C. 
9904(c)) is amended— 
(1) in paragraph (11)-;-
(A) by redesignating clauses (i) through (iii) of subpara-
graph (A) as items (aa) through (cc), respectively; 
(B) by realigning the margin of the sentence beginning 
with "For purposes of so as to align with subparagraph 
(A) of paragraph (1); 
(C) by striking "For purposes of" and inserting "(A) 
For purposes of; 
(D) by striking "(A) a statewide" and inserting "(i) 
(E) by striking "(B) the failure" and inserting "(ii) 
the failure"; 
(F) by inserting immediately before paragraph (12) 
the following: 
"(B) for purposes of making a determination with 
respect to a termination, the term 'cause' includes the 
material failure of an eligible entity to comply with the 
terms of its agreement and community action plan to pro-
vide services under this subtitle;". 
(2) in paragraph (12) by striking the period and inserting 
a semicolon; and 
(3) by inserting after paragraph (12) the following new 
paragraphs: 
'X13) secure from each eligible entity as a condition to 
its receipt of funding under this Act a commimity action plan 
(which snail be available to the Secretary for inspection) that 
includes— 
"(A) a community needs assessment (including food 
needs); 
"(B) a description of the service delivery system tar-
geted to low-income individuals and famiUes in the service 
area; 
"(C) a description of how linkages will be developed 
to fill identified gaps in services through information, refer-
ral, case management, and followup consultations; 
"(D) a description of how funding under this Act will 
be coordinated with other public and private resources; 
and 
"(E) a description of outcome measures to be used 
to monitor success in promoting self-sufficiency, family 
stability, and community revitalization; and 
"(14) provide assurances that cost and accounting standards 
of the Office of Management and Budget shall apply to a 
recipient of funds under this subtitle.". 
108 STAT. 654 
PUBLIC LAW 103-252—MAY 18, 1994 
(e) PUBLIC INSPECTIONS OF PLANS.—Section 675(d)(2) (42 U.S.C. 
9904(d)(2)) is amended by inserting "or revision" after "Each plan". 
(f) AUDITS.—The last sentence of section 675(f) (42 U.S.C. 
9904(f)) is amended by inserting before "to the legislature" the 
following: "to the eligible entity at no charge,". 
(g) EVALUATION INVOLVING WAIVERS.—Section 675(h) (42 U.S.C. 
9904(h)) is amended by inserting "(including any State that received 
a waiver under Public Law 98-139)" after "States" the last place 
it appears. 
SEC. 203. DISCRETIONARY AUTHORITY OF SECRETARY. 
(a) TRAINING AND ACTIVITIES.—Section 681(a) (42 U.S.C. 
9910(a)) is amended by striking "to provide for—" and all that 
follows through the end thereof and inserting the following: "to 
provide for ongoing activities of national or regional significance 
related to the purposes of this subtitle, with special emphasis on— 
"(1) a Community Initiative Program, awarded on a 
competitive basis, to fund private, nonprofit community develop-
ment corporations for purposes of planning and carrying out 
community and economic development activities in economically 
distressed areas and in rural areas, as described in subsection 
(0; 
"(2) grants to support the design, development, and wide-
spread availability of interactive information technology among 
the nationwide network of Community Service Block Grant 
eligible entities, State administrators, national associations and 
organizations, and program recipients to promote electronic 
communication and access to program information that would 
enhance the effective delivery of social services; and 
"(3) grants to nonprofit private organizations that provide 
assistance for migrants and seasonal farmworkers.". 
(b) COMMUNITY INITL\TIVE PROGRAM.—Subsection (b) of section 
681 (42 U.S.C. 9910) is amended to read as follows: 
Disadvantaged 
"(b) COMMUNITY INITL\TIVE PROGRAM.— 
P^^^ons. 
«(1) i^ GENERAL.— 
"(A) ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITIES.—Economic 
development activities under this section shall be designed 
to address the economic needs of low-income individuals 
and families by creating emplo)nnent Eoid business develop-
ment opportunities. 
"(B) CONSULTATION.—^The Secretary shall exercise the 
authority provided under subparagraph (A) in consultation 
with other relevant Federal officials. 
"(C) GOVERNING BOARDS.—Each community develop-
ment corporation receiving funds under this section shall 
be governed by a board that shall consist of residents 
of the community and business and civic leaders and shall 
have as a principal purpose planning, developing, or man-
aging low-income housing or community development 
projects. 
"(D) GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION.—^In providing assist-
ance or entering into other arrangements under this sec-
tion, the Secretary shall take into consideration the 
geographic distribution of funds among States and the 
relative proportion of funding among rural and urban areas. 
"(E) RESERVATION.—Of the amounts made available 
to carry out this section, the Secretary may reserve not 
PUBLIC LAW 103-252—MAY 18, 1994 
108 STAT. 655 
to exceed 1 percent for each fiscal year to make grants 
to private nonprofit organizations or to enter into contracts 
with private nonprofit or for profit organizations to provide 
technical assistance to aid community development corpora-
tions in developing or implementing projects funded under 
this section and to evaluate projects funded under this 
section. 
"(2) RURAL COMMUNITY DEVELOPME^^^ ACTIVITIES.—Rural 
community development activities under this section shall 
include— 
"(A) grants to private, nonprofit corporations that pro-
vide assistance to rural low-income families in home repair 
and in planning and developing low-income rural rental 
housing units; and 
"(B) grants to multistate, regional private, nonprofit 
organizations that provide training and technical assistance 
to small, rural communities in meeting their community 
facility needs.". 
SEC. 204. COMMUNITY FOOD AND NUTRITION. 
Subsection (d) of section 681A (42 U.S.C. 9910a(d)) is amended 
to read as follows: 
"(d) There are authorized to be appropriated $25,000,000 for 
fiscal year 1995, and such sums as may be necessary for each 
of fiscal years 1996 through 1998, to carry out this section.". 
SEC. 205. INSTRUCTIONAL ACTIYITIES FOR LOW-INCOME YOUTH. 
The Act (42 U.S.C. 9901 et seq.) is amended— 
(1) by redesignating sections 682 and 683 as sections 683 
and 684, respectively; and 
(2) by inserting after section 681 the following: 
Appropriation 
authorization. 
42 use 9911, 
9912. 
"SEC. 682. NATIONAL OR REGIONAL PROGRAMS DESIGNED TO PRO- 
42 USC 9910c. 
VIDE INSTRUCTIONAL ACTIVITIES FOR LOW-INCOME 
YOUTH. 
"(a) GENERAL AUTHORITY.—^The Secretary of Health and Human 
Services is authorized to make a grant to an eligible service provider 
to administer national or regional programs to provide instructional 
activities for low-income youth. In making such a grant, the Sec-
retary shall give a priority to eligible service providers that have 
a demonstrated ability to operate such a program. 
"(b) PROGRAM REQUIREMENTS.— 
"(1) Any instructional activity carried out by an eligible 
service provider receiving a grant under this subsection shall 
be carried out on the campus of an institution of higher edu-
cation (as defined in section 1201(a) of the Higher Education 
Act) and shall include— 
"(A) access to the facilities and resources of such an 
institution; 
"(B) an initial medical examination and follow-up refer-
ral or treatment, without charge, for youth during their 
participation in such activity; 
"(C) at least one nutritious meal daily, without charge, 
for participating youth during each day of participation; 
"(D) high quality instruction in a variety of sports 
(that shall include swimming and that may include dance 
and any other high quality recreational activity) provided 
by coaches and teachers from institutions of higher edu-
108 STAT. 656 
PUBLIC LAW 103-252—MAY 18, 1994 
42 use 11464. 
42 use 9910b. 
cation and from elementary and secondary schools (as 
defined in sections 1471(8) and 1471(21) of the Elementary 
and Secondary Education Act of 1965); and 
"(E) enrichment instruction and information on matters 
relating to the well-being of youth, to include educational 
opportunities and study practices, education for the preven-
tion of drugs and alcohol abuse, health and nutrition, career 
opportunities and family and job responsibilities. 
"(c) 
ELIGIBLE 
PROVIDERS.—A 
national 
private 
nonprofit 
organization, a coalition of such organizations, or a private nonprofit 
organization applying jointly with a business concern shall be 
eligible for a grant under this subsection if— 
"(1) the applicant has demonstrated experience in operating 
a program providing instruction to low-income youth; 
"(2) the applicant shall contribute amounts in cash or fairly 
evaluated in kind of no less than 25 percent of the amount 
requested; 
"(3) the applicant shall use no funds from a grant author-
ized under this section for administrative expenses; and 
"(4) the applicant agrees to comply with the regulations 
or program guidelines promulgated by the Secretary of Health 
and Human Services for use of funds made available by this 
grant. 
"(d) APPLICATIONS PROCESS.—Eligible service providers may 
submit to the Secretary of Health and Human Services, for approval, 
an application in such form at such time as the Secretary deems 
appropriate. 
"(e) PROMULGATION OF REGULATIONS OR PROGRAM GUIDE-
LINES.—^The Secretary of Health and Human Services shall promul-
gate regulations or program guidelines to ensure funds made avail-
able under a grant made under this section are used in accordance 
with the intentions of this Act. 
"(f) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There is authorized 
to be appropriated $15,000,000 for each fiscal year 1995, 1996, 
1997, and 1998 for grants to carry out this section. . 
SEC. 206. AMENDMENT TO STEWART B. MCKINNEY HOMELESS ASSIST-
ANCE ACT. 
The last section of subtitle D of title VII of the Stewart B. 
McKinney Homeless Assistance Act (42 U.S.C. 11646) is amended— 
(1) by striking "SEC. 751." and by inserting "SEC. 754.", 
and 
(2) by striking "1991" and all that follows through "1993", 
and inserting "1995,1996, 1997, and 1998". 
SEC. 207. AMENDMENTS TO THE HUMAN SERVICES REAUTHORIZATION 
ACT OF 1986. 
Section 408 of the Human Services Reauthorization Act of 
1986 (42 U.S.C. 9901b) is amended— 
(1) in subsection (a) by adding at the end the following: 
"(3) Initial and subsequent grant awards may fully fund projects 
for periods of up to 3 years."; 
(2) in subsection (b)(1)(B) by striking "APter the first fiscal 
year" and inserting "After the first funding period"; 
(3) by amending subsection (c)— 
(A) by amending paragraph (1) to read as follows: 
"(1) In addition to the grant programs described in subsection 
(a), the Secretary may make grants to community action agencies 
PUBLIC LAW 103-252—MAY 18, 1994 
108 STAT. 657 
for the purpose of enabling such agencies to demonstrate new 
approaches to dealing with the problems caused by entrenched, 
chronic unemployment and lack of economic opportunities for urban 
youth. Demonstrations shall include such activities as peer counsel-
ing, mentoring, development of job skills, assistance with social 
skills, community 
services, family 
literacy, parenting 
skills, 
opportunities for emplojonent or entrepreneurship, and other serv-
ices designed to assist such at-risk youth to continue their edu-
cation, to secure meaningful employment, to perform community 
service, or to pursue other productive alternatives within the 
community."; and 
(B) by amending paragraph (4) to read as follows: 
"(4) Such grants made under this subsection on a competitive 
basis shall be based on an annual competition determined by the 
Secretary. Grants made under this subsection shall not exceed 
$500,000."; and 
(4) by amending subsection (h) to read as follows: 
"(h) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—(1) There are author-
ized to be appropriated $30,000,000 for fiscal year 1995, and such 
sums as may be necessary for fiscal years 1996, 1997, and 1998, 
to carry out this section. 
"(2) Of the amounts appropriated for this section, not less 
than 30 percent and not more than 40 percent shall be used to 
carry out the programs authorized imder subsection (c). 
"(3) In addition to sums which are required to carry out the 
evaluation, reporting, and dissemination of results under sub-
sections (a), (c), (d), and (f), the Secret£uy is authorized to reserve 
up to 2 percent of the amounts appropriated pursuant to subpara-
graphs (1) and (2) for administration of the program as well as 
for planning and technical assistance.". 
SEC. 208. EFFECTIVE DATE. 
This title, and the amendments made by this title, shall take 
effect on October 1,1994. 
TITLE III—LOW-INCOME HOME ENERGY 
ASSISTANCE AMENDMENTS 
SECTION 301. SHORT TITLE AND REFERENCES. 
(a) SHORT TITLE.—^This title may be cited as the "Low-Income 
Home Energy Assistance Amendments of 1994". 
(b) REFERENCES.—Except as otherwise expressly provided, 
whenever in this title an amendment or repeal is expressed in 
terms of an amendment to, or repeal of, a section or other provision, 
the reference shall be considered to be made to a section or other 
provision of the Low-Income Home Energy Assistance Act of 1981 
(42 U.S.C. 8621 et seq.). 
SEC. 302. STATEMENT OF PURPOSE. 
Subsection (a) of section 2602 (42 U.S.C. 8621(a)) is amended 
to read as follows: 
"(a) The Secretary is authorized to make grants, in accordance 
with the provisions of this title, to States to assist low-income 
households, particularly those with the lowest incomes, that pay 
a high proportion of household income for home energy, primarily 
in meeting their immediate home energy needs.". 
42 u s e 9901 
note. 
Low-Income 
Home Energy 
Assistance 
Amendments 
of 1994. 
42 u s e 8621 
note. 
108 STAT. 658 
PUBLIC LAW 103-252—MAY 18, 1994 
SEC. 303. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS. 
(a) AMOUNTS AUTHORIZED.—Section 2602 (42 U.S.C. 8621) is 
amended— 
(1) in subsection (b), by striking "this title" and all that 
follows through the end of the first sentence and inserting 
"this title, $2,000,000,000 for each of fiscal years 1995 through 
1999."; and 
(2) in the last sentence of subsection (c)— 
(A) by striking "July 1" and inserting "October 1"; 
and 
(B) by striking "for which" and inserting "following 
the year in which". 
(b) 
INCENTIVE 
PROGRAM 
FOR 
LEVERAGING 
NON-FEDERAL 
SOURCES.—Subsection (d) of section 2602 (42 U.S.C. 8621(d)) is 
amended to read as follows: 
"(d) There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out section 
2607A, $50,000,000 for each of the fiscal years 1996 and 1997, 
and such sums as may be necessary for each of the fiscal years 
1998 and 1999.". 
SEC. 304. EMERGENCY FUNDS. 
(a) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—Section 2602 (42 
U.S.C, 8621) as amended by section 303, is further amended by 
adding at the end thereof the following new subsection: 
"(e) There are authorized to be appropriated in each fiscal 
year for pa5nnents under this title, in addition to amounts appro-
priated for distribution to all the States in accordance with section 
2604 (other than subsection (g)), $600,000,000 to meet the additional 
home energy assistance needs of one or more States arising from 
a natural disaster or other emergency. Funds appropriated pursuant 
to this subsection are hereby designated to be emergency require-
ments pursuant to section 251(b)(2)(D) of the Balanced Budget 
£uid Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985, except that such funds 
shall be made available only after the submission to Congress 
of a formal budget request by the President (for all or a part 
of the appropriation pursuant to this subsection) that includes 
a designation of the amount requested as an emergency requirement 
as defined in such Act.". 
(b) 
HOME ENERGY.—Section 2603 (42 U.S.C. 8622(3)) is 
amended— 
(1) by redesignating paragraphs (1), (2), (3), (4), (5), (6), 
and (7) as paragraphs (2), (4), (5), (6), (7), (8), and (9), respec-
tively; 
(2) by inserting before paragraph (2) (as so redesignated), 
the following new paragraph: 
"(1) The term 'energy burden' means the expenditures of 
the household for home energy divided by the income of the 
household."; and 
(3) by inserting before paragraph (4) (as so redesignated), 
the following new paragraph: 
"(3) The term 'highest home energy needs' means the home 
energy requirements of a household determined by taking into 
account both the energy burden of such household and the 
unique situation of such household that results from having 
members of vulnerable populations, including very young chil-
dren, individuals with disabilities, and frail older individuals.". 
PUBLIC LAW 103-252—MAY 18, 1994 
108 STAT. 659 
(c) ALLOTMENT OF EMERGENCY FUNDS.—Section 2604 (42 U.S.C. 
8623) is amended by adding at the end thereof the following new 
subsection: 
"(g) Notwithstanding subsections (a) through (f), the Secretary 
may allot amounts appropriated pursuant to section 2602(e) to 
one or more than one State. In determining to which State or 
States additional funds may be allotted, the Secretary shall take 
into account the extent to which a State was affected by the emer-
gency or disaster, the availability to an affected State of other 
resources under this or any other program, £uid such other factors 
as the Secretary determines relevant. The Secretary shall notify 
Notification. 
Congress of the allotment pursuant to this subsection prior to 
releasing the allotted funds.". 
SEC. 305. AUTHORIZED USES OF FUNDS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Paragraph (1) of section 2605(b) (42 U.S.C. 
8624(b)(1)) is amended to read as follows: 
"(1) use the funds available under this title to— 
"(A) conduct outreach activities and provide assistance 
to low income households in meeting their home energy 
costs, particularly those with the lowest incomes that pay 
a high proportion of household income for home energy, 
consistent with paragraph (5); 
"(B) intervene in energy crisis situations; 
"(C) provide low-cost residential weatherization and 
other cost-effective energy-related home repair; and 
"(D) plan, develop, and administer the State's program 
under this title including leveraging programs, 
and the State agrees not to use such funds for any purposes 
other than those specified in this title;". 
(b) ENCOURAGED REDUCED HOME ENERGY NEEDS.—Section 
2605(b) (42 U.S.C. 8624(b)) is amended— 
(1) in paragraph (9)(B), by inserting before the semicolon 
the following: "(except for the costs of the activities described 
in paragraph (16))"; 
(2) in paragraph (15), by striking the period and inserting 
"; and"; and 
(3) by inserting after paragraph (15) the following new 
paragraph: 
"(16) use up to 5 percent of such funds, at its option, 
to provide services that encourage and enable households to 
reduce their home energy needs and thereby the need for energy 
assistance, including needs assessments, counseling, and assist-
ance with energy vendors, and report to the Secretary concern-
ing the impact of such activities on the number of households 
served, the level of direct benefits provided to those households, 
and the number of households that remain unserved.". 
SEC. 306. TARGETING OF ASSISTANCE TO HOUSEHOLDS WITH HIGH 
HOME ENERGY BURDENS. 
(a) HOUSEHOLD INCOME.—Section 2605(b)(2)(B) (42 U.S.C. 
8624(b)(2)(B)) is amended by striking the matter following clause 
(ii) and inserting the following: 
"except that a State may not exclude a household from 
eligibility in a fiscal year solely on the basis of household 
income if such income is less than 110 percent of the 
poverty level for such State, but the State may give priority 
108 STAT. 660 
PUBLIC LAW 103-252—MAY 18, 1994 
to those households with the highest home energy costs 
or needs in relation to household income;". 
(b) 
OUTREACH 
ACTIVITIES.—Section 2605(b)(3) (42 U.S.C. 
8624(b)(3)) is amended by striking "are made aware" and inserting 
"and households with high home energy burdens, are made aware . 
(c) 
ASSISTANCE 
LEVELS.—Section 
2605(b)(5) 
(42 U.S.C. 
8624(b)(5)) is amended by inserting "or needs" after "highest energy 
costs". 
(d) STATE PLAN.—Section 2605(c)(1) (42 U.S.C. 8624(c)(1)) is 
amended— 
(1) by redesignating subparagraphs (E) and (F) as subpara-
graphs (F) and (H), respectively; and 
(2) by inserting after subparagraph (D) the following new 
subparagraph: 
"(E) describes any steps that will be taken (in addition 
to those necessary to carry out the assurance contained in 
paragraph (5) of subsection (b)) to target assistance to house-
holds with high home energy burdens;". 
\ 
SEC. 307. CLARIFICATION OF AUDIT REQUIREMENT. 
Section 2605 (42 U.S.C. 8624) is amended— 
(1) in subsection (b)(10), by striking "and provide that" 
and all that follows and inserting "and provide that the State 
will comply with the provisions of chapter 75 of title 31, United 
States Code (commonly known as the 'Single Audit Act');"; 
and 
(2) in subsection (e), by striking "at least every two years" 
and all that follows and inserting "in accordance with chapter 
75 of title 31, United States Code.". 
SEC. 308. USE OF DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY WEATHERIZATION RULES 
TO ACHIEVE PROGRAM CONSISTENCY. 
Section 2605(c)(1)(D) (42 U.S.C. 8624(c)(1)(D)) is amended by 
inserting before the semicolon at the end thereof the following: 
", including any steps the State will take to address the weatheriza-
tion and energy-related home repair needs of households that have 
high home energy burdens, and describes any rules promulgated 
by the Department of Energy for administration of its Low Income 
Weatherization Assistance Program which the State, to the extent 
permitted by the Secretary to increase consistency between federally 
assisted programs, will follow regarding the use of funds provided 
under this title by the State for such weatherization and energy-
related home repairs and improvements". 
SEC. 309. MATTERS TO BE DESCRIBED IN ANNUAL APPLICATION. 
Section 2605(c)(1) (42 U.S.C. 8624(c)(1)) is amended— 
(1) in subparagraph (F) (as so redesignated by section 
306(d) of this Act)— 
(A) by striking "and (13)" and inserting "(13), and 
(15)"; and 
(B) by striking "and" at the end thereof; and 
(2) by inserting after subparagraph (F) (as so redesignated 
by section 306(d) of this Act), the following new subparagraph: 
"(G) states, with respect to the 12-month period specified 
by the Secretary, the number and income levels of households 
which apply and the number which are assisted with funds 
provided under this title, and the number of households so 
assisted with— 
PUBLIC LAW 103-252—MAY 18, 1994 
108 STAT. 661 
"(i) one or more members who has attained 60 years 
of age; 
"(ii) one or more members who were disabled; and 
"(iii) one or more young children; and". 
SEC. 310. REPORT OF FUNDS AVAILABLE FOR OBLIGATION. 
Section 2607(a) (42 U.S.C. 8628(a)) is amended— 
42 USC 8626. 
(1) by inserting "(1)" after the subsection designation; and 
(2) by adding at the end thereof the following new para-
graph: 
"(2) Each State shall notify the Secretary, not later than 2 
Notification. 
months prior to the close of a fiscal year, of the amount (if any) 
of its allotment for such year that will not be obligated in such 
year, and, if such State elects to submit a request described in 
subsection (b)(2), such State shall submit such request at the same 
time. The Secretary shall make no pajmoient under paragraph (1) 
to a State for a fiscal year imless the State has complied with 
this paragraph with respect to the prior fiscal year.". 
SEC. 311. MISCELLANEOUS AND TECHNICAL AMENDMENTS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.— 
(1) TREATMENT OF HOUSEHOLDS.—Section 2605(b)(7)(D) (42 
U.S.C. 8624(b)(7)(D)) is amended to read as follows: 
"(D) ensure that the provision of vendored payments 
remains at the option of the State in consultation with 
local grantees and may be contingent on unregulated ven-
dors taking appropriate measures to alleviate the energy 
burdens of eligible households, including providing for 
agreements between suppliers and individuals eligible for 
benefits under this Act that seek to reduce home energy 
costs, minimize the risks of home energy crisis, and encour-
age regular payments by individuals receiving financial 
assistance for home energy costs;". 
(2) INCENTIVE PROGRAM.—Section 2607A(e) (42 U.S.C. 
8626a(e)) is amended by striking "July 31, of each year" and 
inserting "2 months after the close of the fiscal year during 
which the State provided leveraged resources to eligible house-
holds, as described in subsection (b)". 
(3) 
TRAINING 
AND 
TECHNICAL 
ASSISTANCE.—Section 
2609A(a) is amended by striking "$500,000" and inserting 
42 USC 8628a. 
"$250,000". 
(b) CRITERIA AND REPORT.—Section 2605(b) (42 U.S.C. 8624(b)) 
is amended by adding at the end the following: 
"Not later than 18 months after the date of the enactment 
of the Low-Income Home Energy Assistsuice Amendments of 1994, 
the Secretary shall develop model performance goals and measure-
ments in consultation with State, territorial, tribal, and local 
grantees, that the States may use to assess the success of the 
States in achieving the purposes of this title. The model performance 
goals and measurements shall be made available to States to be 
incorporated, at the option of the States, into the plans for fiscal 
year 1997. The Secretary may request data relevant to the develop-
ment of model performance goals and measurements.". 
(c) TECHNICAL AMENDMENTS.— 
(1) Section 2602 (42 U.S.C. 8621) is amended— 
(A) in subsection (b), as amended by section 303 of 
this Act— 
108 STAT. 662 
PUBLIC LAW 103-252—MAY 18, 1994 
(i) by inserting "(other than section 2607A)" after 
"to carry out the provisions of this title"; and 
(ii) by striking the second period at the end thereof; 
and 
(B) in subsection (c)(1), by striking "Act" and inserting 
"title". 
(2) Section 2603(2) (42 U.S.C. 8622(2)) is amended— 
(A) by striking "the" in paragraph (2) and inserting 
"The"; and 
(B) by striking the semicolon at the end thereof and 
inserting a period. 
(3) Section 2604(b)(1) (42 U.S.C. 8623(b)(1)) is amended 
by inserting "of the United States" after "Virgin Islands". 
(4) The sentence that immediately precedes paragraph (15) 
of section 2605(b) (42 U.S.C. 8624(b)) is transferred so as to 
appear as a flush sentence immediately after paragraph (16). 
(5) Section 2605(b)(3) (42 U.S.C. 8624(b)(3)) is amended 
by striking "handicapped" and inserting "disabled". 
(6) Section 2607A(cX2) (42 U.S.C. 8626a(c)(2)) is amended 
by striking ".0008 percent" and inserting "0.08 percent". 
(7) Section 2610(a) (42 U.S.C. 8629(a)) is amended— 
(A) in paragraph (2), by striking the semicolon after 
"used" and inserting a semicolon after "title"; and 
(B) in paragraph (5)— 
(i) by striking "handicapped" and inserting "dis-
abled"; and 
(ii) by inserting before the semicolon at the end 
thereof "or include young children". 
SEC. 312. RESIDENTIAL ENERGY ASSISTANCE CHALLENGE OPTION 
(R.EJ^CH.). 
The Act is amended by inserting after section 2607A the follow-
ing: 
42 use 8626b. 
"SEC. 2607B. RESIDENTIAL ENERGY ASSISTANCE CHALLENGE OPTION 
(R.E.A.CH.). 
"(a) PURPOSE.—^The purpose of the Residential Energy Assist-
ance Challenge (in this section referred to as 'R.E.ACh.') program 
is to— 
"(1) minimize heedth and safety risks that result from 
high energy burdens on low-income Americans; 
"(2) prevent homelessness as a result of inability to pay 
energy bills; 
"(3) increase the efficiency of energy usage by low-income 
families; and 
"(4) target energy assistance to individuals who are most 
in need. 
"(b) FUNDING.— 
"(1) ALLOCATION.—For each of the fiscal years 1996 through 
1999, the Secretary may allocate not more than 25 percent 
of the amount made available pursuant to section 2602(d) for 
such fiscal year to a R.E.A.Ch. fund for the purpose of making 
incentive grants to States that submit qualifying plans that 
are approved by the Secretary as R.E.A.Ch. initiatives. States 
may use such grants for the costs of planning, implementing, 
and evaluating the initiative. 
PUBLIC LAW 103-252—MAY 18, 1994 
108 STAT. 663 
"(2) RESERVATION.—^The Secretary shall reserve from any 
funds allocated under this subsection, funds to make additional 
payments to State R.E.A.Ch. programs that— 
"(A) have energy efficiency education services plans 
that meet quality standards established by the Secretary 
in consultation with the Secretary of Energy; and 
"(B) have the potential for being replicable model 
designs for other programs. 
States shall use such supplemental funds for the implementa-
tion and evaluation of the energy efficiency education services. 
"(c) CRITERIA.— 
"(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than May 31, 1995, the Sec-
retary shall establish criteria for approving State plans required 
by subsection (a), for energy efficiency education quality stand-
ards described in subsection (b)(2)(A), and for the distribution 
of funds to States with approved plans. 
"(2) DOCUMENTATION.—Notwithstanding the limitations of 
section 2605(b) regarding the authority of the Secretary with 
respect to plans, the Secretary may require a State to provide 
appropriate documentation that its R.E.A.Ch. activities conform 
to the State plan as approved by the Secretary. 
"(d) Focus.—^The State may designate all or part of the State, 
or all or part of the client population, as a focus of its R.E.A.Ch. 
initiative. 
"(e) STATE PLANS.— 
"(1) IN GENERAL.—Each State plan shall include each of 
the elements described in paragraph (2), to be met by State 
and local agencies. 
"(2) ELEMENTS OF STATE PLANS.—Each State plan shall 
include— 
"(A) an assurance that such State will deliver services 
through community-based nonprofit entities in such State, 
b y -
"(i) awarding grants to, or entering into contracts 
with, such entities for the purpose of providing such 
services and payments directly to individuals eligible 
for benefits; or 
"(ii) if a State msikes payments directly to eligible 
individuals or energy suppliers, making contracts with 
such entities to administer such programs, including— 
"(I) determining eligibility; 
"(II) providing outreach services; and 
"(III) providing benefits other than payments; 
"(B) an assurance that, in awarding grants or entering 
into contracts to carry out its R.E.A.Ch. initiative, the 
State will give priority to organizations that— 
"(i) are described in section 673 of the Community 
Services Block Grant Act (42 U.S.C. 9902(1)), except 
where significant geographic portions of the State are 
not served by such entities; 
"(ii) the Secretary has determined have a record 
of successfully providing services under the Low-
Income Home Energy Assistance Program; and 
"(iii) receive weatherization assistance program 
funds under part A of title IV of the Energy Conserva-
tion and Production Act (42 U.S.C. 6863 et seq.); 
108 STAT. 664 
PUBLIC LAW 103-252—MAY 18, 1994 
except that a State may not reqmre any such entity to 
operate a R.E.A.Ch. program; 
"(C) an assurance that, subject to subparagraph (D), 
each entity that receives a grant or enters into a contract 
under subparagraph (A)(i) will provide a variety of services 
and benefits, including— 
"(i) payments to, or on behalf of, individuals 
eligible for residential energy assistance services and 
benefits under section 2605(b) for home energy costs; 
"(ii) energy efficiency education; 
"(iii) residential energy demand management serv-
ices, including any other energy related residential 
repair and energy efficiency improvements in coordina-
tion with, or delivered by. Department of Energy 
weatherization assistance programs at the discretion 
of the State; 
"(iv) family services, such as counsehng and needs 
assessment, related to energy budget management, 
payment plans, and related services; and 
"(v) negotiation with home energy suppliers on 
behalf of households eligible for R.E.A.Ch. services and 
benefits; 
"(D) a description of the methodology the State and 
local agencies will use to determine— 
"(i) which households will receive one or more 
forms of benefits under the State R.E.A.Ch. initiative; 
"(ii) the cases in which nonmonetary benefits are 
likely to provide more cost-effective long-term outcomes 
than payment benefits alone; and 
"(iii) the amount of such benefit required to meet 
the goals of the program; 
"(F) a method for targeting nonmonetary benefits; 
"(G) a description of the crisis and emergency assist-
ance activities the State will undertake that are designed 
to— 
"(i) discourage family energy crises; 
"(ii) encourage responsible vendor and consumer 
behavior; and 
"(iii) provide only financial incentives that encour-
age household pa3mient; 
"(H) a description of the activities the State will under-
take t o ^ 
"(i) provide incentives for recipients of assistance 
to pay home energy costs; and 
"(ii) provide incentives for vendors to help reduce 
the e n e r ^ burdens of recipients of assistance; 
"(I) an assurance that the State will require each entity 
that receives a grant or enters into a contract under this 
section to soUcit and be responsive to the views of individ-
uals who are financially eligible for benefits and services 
under this section in establishing its local program; 
"(J) a description of performance goals for the State 
R.E.A.Ch. initiative including— 
"(i) a reduction in the energy costs on participating 
households over one or more fiscal years; 
"(ii) an increase in the regularity of home energy 
bill pa3rments by eligible households; and 
PUBLIC LAW 103-252—MAY 18, 1994 
108 STAT. 665 
"(iii) an increase in energy vendor contributions 
towards reducing energy burdens of eligible house-
holds; 
"(K) a description of the indicators that will be used 
by the State to measure whether the performance goals 
have been achieved; 
"(L) a demonstration that the plan is consistent with 
section 2603, paragraphs (2), (3), (4), (5), (7), (9), (10), 
(11), (12), (13), and (14) of section 2605(b), subsections 
(d), (e), (f), (g), (h), (i), and (j) of section 2605, and section 
2606 of this title; 
"(M) an assurance that benefits and services will be 
provided in addition to other benefit payments and services 
provided under this title and in coordination with such 
benefit payments and services; and 
"(N) an assurance that no regulated utility covered 
by the plan will be required to act in a manner that 
is inconsistent with applicable regulatory requirements. 
"(g) COST OR FUNCTION.—^None of the costs of providing services 
or benefits under this section shall be considered to be an adminis-
trative cost or function for purposes of any limitation on administra-
tive costs or functions contained in this title.". 
SEC. 313. SENSE OF THE CONGRESS REGARDING APPROPRIATIONS 
FORLIHEAP. 
(a) FINDINGS.—Congress finds the following: 
(1) Seventy-seven percent of the over 25 million households 
that were eligible for the Low-Income Home Energy Assistance 
Program (hereinafter referred to as "LIHEAP") in fiscal year 
1992 did not receive assistance due to a lack of funds. 
(2) Recent economic distress has caused 
significant 
unemployment, which has resulted in a greater need for energy 
assistance than ever before. 
(3) More than 66 percent of LIHEAP household recipients 
have an annual income that is below the poverty level. 
(4) Forty-three percent of all LIHEAP eligible households 
include children. 
(5) LIHEAP eligible households with children spend 
approximately 16 percent of their annual incomes on home 
energy costs, which is more than 4 times greater than that 
paid by the average household in the United States, and far 
beyond their means. 
(6) Approximately 40 percent of LIHEAP household recipi-
ents are comprised of elderly or disabled persons. 
(7) Congress appropriated $1,475,000,000 for LIHEAP for 
fiscal year 1995. 
(8) The Department of Energy predicts that the costs of 
residential fuels will increase at a pace greater than inflation. 
(b) SENSE OF THE CONGRESS.—It is the sense of the Congress 
thatr-
(1) the maintenance of LIHEAP should be a high priority 
in order to enable low-income households, especially the work-
ing poor, the disabled, and the low-income elderly, who all 
depend on LIHEAP, to meet their energy costs and needs; 
(2) all appropriations made for LIHEAP for fiscal year 
1995 should be expended; and 
108 STAT. 666 
PUBLIC LAW 103-252—MAY 18, 1994 
(3) expenditures for LIHEAP for fiscal year 1996 should 
ensure the provision of services at the level provided in fiscal 
year 1995. 
42 use 8621 
SEC. 314. EFFECTIVE DATE. 
The amendments £ind repeals made by this title shall become 
effective on October 1, 1994. 
TITLE IV—COMMUNITY-BASED FAMILY 
RESOURCE PROGRAMS 
SEC. 401. COMMUNITY-BASED FAMILY RESOURCE PROGRAMS. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Title II of the Child Abuse Prevention and 
Treatment Act (42 U.S.C. 5116 et seq.) is amended to read as 
follows: 
"TITLE II—COMMUNITY-BASED FAMILY 
RESOURCE PROGRAMS 
42 use 5116. 
"SEC. 201. COMMUNITY-BASED FAMILY RESOURCE PROGRAMS. 
"(a) PURPOSE.—The purpose of this title is to assist each State 
to develop and implement, or expand and enhance, a comprehensive, 
statewide system of family resource services through innovative 
funding mechanisms and collaboration with existing education, 
vocational rehabilitation, health, mental health, employment and 
training, child welfare, and other social services agencies within 
the State. 
"(b) AUTHORITY,—^The Secretary shall make grants to States 
on a formula basis for the purpose of— 
"(1) establishing and expanding statewide networks of 
community-based family resource programs, including funds 
for the initial costs of providing specific family resource services, 
that ensure family involvement in the design and operation 
of family resource programs which are responsive to the unique 
and diverse strengths of children and families; 
"(2) promoting child abuse and neglect prevention activities; 
"(3) promoting the establishment and operation of State 
trust funds or other mechanisms for integrating child and fam-
ily services funding streams in order to provide flexible funding 
for the development of community-based family resource pro-
grams; 
"(4) establishing or expanding community-based collabora-
tion to foster the development of a continuum of preventive 
services for children and families, which are family-centered 
and culturally competent; 
"(5) encouraging public and private partnerships in the 
establishment and expansion of family resource programs; and 
"(6) increasing and promoting interagency coordination 
among State agencies, and encouraging public and private part-
nerships in the establishment and expansion of family resource 
programs. 
"(c) ELIGIBILITY FOR GRANTS.—A State is ehgible for a grant 
under this section for any fiscal year if— 
PUBLIC LAW 103-252—MAY 18, 1994 
108 STAT. 667 
"(1) such State has estabUshed or m£iintained in the pre-
vious fiscal year— 
"(A) a trust fund, including appropriations for such 
fund; or 
"(B) any other mechanism that pools State, Federal, 
and private funds for integrating child and family service 
resources; and 
"(2) such trust fund or other funding mechanism includes 
(in whole or in part) provisions making funding available 
specifically for a broad range of child abuse and neglect preven-
tion activities and family resource programs. 
"(d) AMOUNT OF GRANT.— 
"(1) IN GENERAL.—^Amounts appropriated for a fiscal year 
to provide grants under this section shall be allotted to the 
designated lead agencies of eligible States in each fiscal year 
so that— 
"(A) 50 percent of the total amount appropriated for 
such fiscal year is allotted among each State based on 
the number of children under the age of 18 residing in 
each State, except that each State shall receive not less 
than $100,000; and 
"(B) the remaining 50 percent of the total amount 
appropriated for such fiscal year is allotted in an amount 
equal to 25 percent of the total amount allocated by each 
such State to the State's trust fund or other mechanism 
for integrating family resource services in the fiscal year 
prior to the fiscal year for which the allotment is being 
determined. 
"(2) ALLOCATION.—Funds identified by the State for the 
purpose of qualifying for incentive funds imder paragraph (1)(B) 
shall be allocated through the mechanism used to determine 
State eligibility under subsection (c) and shall be controlled 
by the lead agency described in subsection (f)(1). 
"(e) EXISTING GRANTS.—A State or entity that has a grant 
in effect on the date of enactment of this section under the Family 
Resource and Support Program or the Emergency Child Abuse 
Prevention Grants Program shall continue to receive funds under 
such Programs, subject to the original terms under which such 
funds were granted, through the end of the applicable grant cycle. 
"(f) APPLICATION.—^No grant may be made to any eligible State 
under this section unless an application is prepared and submitted 
to the Secretary at such time, in such manner, and containing 
or accompanied by such information as the Secretary determines 
to be essential to carry out the purposes and provisions of this 
section, including— 
"(1) a description of the agency designated by the Chief 
Executive Officer of the State to administer the funds provided 
under this section and assume responsibility for implementa-
tion and oversight of the family resource programs and other 
child abuse and neglect prevention activities, and an assurance 
that the agency so designated— 
"(A) is the trust fund advisory board, or an existing 
organization created by executive order or State statute 
that is not an existing State agency, that has interdiscipli-
nary governance, including participants from communities, 
and that integrates family resource services and leverages 
108 STAT. 668 
PUBLIC LAW 103-252—MAY 18, 1994 
State, Federal, and private funds for family resource pro-
grams; or 
"(B) with respect to a State without a trust fund mecha-
nism or other organization that meets the requirements 
of subparagraph (A), is an existing State agency, or other 
public, quasi-public, or nonprofit private agency responsible 
for the development and implementation of a statewide 
network of community-based family resource programs; 
"(2) assurances that the agency designated under para-
graph (1) can demonstrate the capacity to fulfill the purposes 
described in subsection (a), and shall have— 
"(A) a demonstrated ability to work with other State 
and community-based agencies, to provide training and 
technicsil assistance; 
"(B) a commitment to parental participation in the 
design and implementation of family resource programs; 
"(C) the capacity to promote a statewide system of 
family resource programs throughout the State; and 
"(D) the capacity to exercise leadership in implement-
ing effective strategies for capacity building, family and 
professional training, and access to, and funding for, family 
resource services across agencies; 
"(3) an assurance that the State has an interagency process 
coordinated by the agency designated in paragraph (1) for effec-
tive program development that— 
"(A) does not duplicate existing processes for developing 
collaborative efforts to better serve children and families; 
"(B) provides a written strategic plan for the estabhsh-
ment of a network of family resource programs (publicly 
available and funded through public suid private sources) 
that identifies specific measurable goals and objectives; 
"(C) involves appropriate personnel in the process, 
including— 
"(i) parents (including parents of children with 
disabilities) and prospective participants in family 
resource programs, including respite care programs; 
"(ii) staff of existing programs providing family 
resource services, including staff of Head Start pro-
grams and community action agencies that provide 
such services; 
"(iii) representatives of State and local government 
such as social service, health, mental health, education, 
vocational rehabilitation, employment, economic devel-
opment agencies, and organizations providing commu-
nity services activities; 
"(iv) representatives of the business community; 
"(v) representatives 
of general purpose 
local 
governments; 
"(vi) representatives of groups with expertise in 
child abuse prevention, including respite and crisis 
care; 
"(vii) representatives of local communities in which 
family resource programs are likely to be located; 
"(viii) representatives of groups with expertise in 
providing services to children with disabihties; and 
PUBLIC LAW 103-252—MAY 18, 1994 
108 STAT. 669 
"(ix) other individuals with expertise in the serv-
ices that the family resource programs of the State 
intend to offer; and 
"(D) coordinates activities funded under this title 
with— 
"(i) the State Interagency Coordinating Council, 
established under part H of the Individuals with 
Disabilities Education Act; 
"(ii) the advisory panel estabUshed under section 
613(a)(12) of the Individuals with Disabihties Edu-
cation Act (20 U.S.C. 1413(a)(12)); 
"(iii) the State Rehabilitation Advisory Council 
established under the Rehabilitation Act of 1973; 
"(iv) the State Development Disabilities Planning 
Council, established under the Developmental Disabil-
ities Assistance and Bill of Rights Act; 
"(v) the Head Start State Collaboration project; 
"(vi) the State Advisory group designated in the 
Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 
1974; and 
"(vii) other local or regional family service councils 
within the State, to the extent that such councils exist; 
"(4) an inventory and description of the current family 
resource programs operating in the State, the current unmet 
need for the services provided under such programs, including 
the need for building increased capacity to provide specific 
family resource services, including respite care, and the 
intended scope of the State family resource program, the popu-
lation to be served, the meuiner in which the program will 
be operated, and the manner in which such program will relate 
to other community services and public agencies; 
"(5) evidence that Federal assistance received under this 
section— 
"(A) has been supplemented with non-Federal public 
and private assistance, including a description of the pro-
jected level of financial commitment by the State to develop 
a family resource network; and 
"(B) will be used to supplement and not supplant other 
State and local public funds expended for family resource 
programs; 
"(6) a description of the core services, as required by this 
section, and other support services to be provided by the pro-
gram and the manner in which such services will be provided, 
including the extent to which either family resources, centers, 
home visiting, or community collaboratives will be used; 
"(7) a description of any public information activities the 
agency designated in paragraph (1) will undertake for the pur-
pose of promoting family stability and preventing child abuse 
and neglect, including child sexual abuse; 
"(8) an assurance that the State will provide funds for 
the initial startup costs associated with specific family resource 
services, including respite services, and a description of the 
services to be funded; 
"(9) assurances that the State program will maintain cul-
tural diversity and be culturally competent; 
"(10) a description of the guidelines for requiring parental 
involvement in State and local program development, poUcy 
108 STAT. 670 
PUBLIC LAW 103-252—MAY 18, 1994 
Disadvantaged 
persons. 
Urban and 
rural areas. 
design, and governance and the process for assessing and dem-
onstrating that parental involvement in program development, 
operation, and governance occurs; 
"(11) a description of the State and community-based inter-
agency planning processes to be utilized to develop and imple-
ment family resource programs; 
"(12) a description of the criteria that the State will utilize 
for awarding grants for local programs so that they meet the 
requirements of subsection (g); 
"(13) a description of the outreach and other activities 
the program will undertake to maximize the participation of 
racial and ethnic minorities, persons with Umited English pro-
ficiency, individuals with disabilities, and members of other 
underserved or underrepresented groups in all phases of the 
program; 
"(14) a plan for providing trgdning, technical assistance, 
and other assistsince to local communities in program develop-
ment and networking activities; 
"(15) a description of the methods to be utilized to evaluate 
the implementation and effectiveness of the family resource 
programs within the State; 
"(16) a description of proposed actions by the State that 
will facilitate the changing of laws, regulations, policies, prac-
tices, procedures, and organizational structures, that impede 
the availability or provision of family resource services; and 
"(17) an assurance that the State will provide the Secretary 
with reports, at such time and containing such information 
as the Secretary may require. 
"(g) LOCAL PROGRAM REQUIREMENTS.— 
"(1) IN GENERAL.—^A State that receives a grant under 
this section shall use amounts received under such grant to 
estabUsh local family resource programs that— 
"(A) undertake a community-based needs assessment 
and program planning process which involves parents, and 
local public and nonprofit agencies (including those respon-
sible for providing health, education, vocational rehabilita-
tion, emplo3anent training, Head Start and other early 
childhood, child welfare, and social services); 
"(B) develop a strategy to provide comprehensive serv-
ices to families to meet identified needs through collabora-
tion, including public-private partnerships; 
"(C) identify appropriate community-based organiza-
tions to administer such programs locally; 
"(D) provide core services, and other services directly 
or through contracts or agreements with other local agen-
cies; 
"(E) involve parents in the development, operation, 
and governance of the program; and 
"(F) participate in the development and maintenance 
of a statewide network of family resource programs. 
"(2) PRIORITY.—^In awarding local grants under this section, 
a State shall give priority to programs serving low-income 
communities and programs serving young parents or parents 
with young children and shall ensure that such grants are 
equitably distributed among urban and rural areas. 
"(h) DEFINITIONS.—As used in this section: 
PUBLIC LAW 103-252—MAY 18, 1994 
108 STAT. 671 
"(1) CHILDREN WITH DISABILITIES.—The term 'children with 
disabilities' has the meaning given such term in section 
602(a)(2) of Individuals With DisabiUties Education Act. 
"(2) COMMUNITY REFERRAL SERVICES.—The term 'commu-
nity referral services' means services to assist families in 
obtaining community resources, including respite services, 
health and mental health services, employability development 
and job training and other social services. 
"(3) CULTURALLY COMPETENT.—The term 'culturally com-
petent' means services, supports, or other assistance that is 
conducted or provided in a mguiner that— 
"(A) is responsive to the beliefs, interpersonal styles, 
attitudes, languages, and behaviors of those individuals 
receiving services; and 
"(B) has the greatest likelihood of ensuring maximum 
participation of such individuals. 
"(4) 
FAMILY 
RESOURCE 
PROGRAM.—The 
term 
'family 
resource program' means a program that offers community-
based services that provide sustained assistance and support 
to families at various stages in their development. Such services 
shall promote parental competencies and behaviors that will 
lead to the healthy and positive personal development of par-
ents and children through— 
"(A) the provisions of assistance to build family skills 
and assist parents in improving their capacities to be 
supportive and nurturing parents; 
"(B) the provision of assistance to families to enable 
such families to use other formal and informal resources 
and opportunities for assistance that are available within 
the communities of such families; and 
"(C) the creation of supportive networks to enhance 
the childrearing capacity of parents and assist in com-
pensating for the increased social isolation and vulner-
ability of families. 
"(5) 
FAMILY 
RESOURCE 
SERVICES.—The 
term 
'family 
resource services' means— 
"(A) core services that must be provided directly by 
the family resource program under this section, including— 
"(i) education and support services provided to 
assist parents in acquiring parenting skills, learning 
about child development, and responding appropriately 
to the behavior of their children; 
"(ii) early developmental screening of children to 
assess the needs of such children and to identify the 
types of support to be provided; 
"(iii) outreach services; 
"(iv) community referral services; and 
"(v) follow-up services; and 
"(B) other services, which may be provided either 
directly or through referral, including— 
"(i) early care and education (such as child care 
and Head Start); 
"(ii) respite services; 
"(iii) job readiness and counseling services (includ-
ing skill training); 
"(iv) education and literacy services; 
"(v) nutritional education; 
108 STAT. 672 
PUBLIC LAW 103-252—MAY 18, 1994 
"(vi) life management skills training; 
"(vii) peer counseling and crisis intervention, and 
family violence counseling services; 
"(viii) referral for health (including prenatal care) 
and mental health services; 
"(ix) substance abuse treatment; and 
"(x) services to support families of children with 
disabilities that are designed to prevent inappropriate 
out-of-the-home placement and maintain family unity. 
"(6) INTERDISCIPLINARY GOVERNANCE.—The term 'inter-
disciplinary governance' includes governance by representatives 
from communities and representatives from existing health, 
mental health, education, vocational rehabilitation, employment 
and tredning, child welfare, and other agencies within the State. 
"(7) OUTREACH SERVICES.—The term 'outreach services' 
means services provided to ensure (through home visits or 
other methods) that parents and other caretakers are aware 
of and able to participate in family resource program activities. 
"(8) RESPITE SERVICES.—^The term 'respite services' means 
short-term care services provided in the temporary absence 
of the regular caregiver (parent, other relative, foster parent, 
adoptive parent, guardian) to children who meet one or more 
of the following categories: 
"(A) The children are in danger of abuse or neglect. 
"(B) The children have experienced abuse or neglect. 
"(C) The children have disabilities, or chronic or termi-
nal illnesses. 
Services provided within or outside the child's home shall be 
short-term care, ranging from a few hours to a few weeks 
of time, per year, and be intended to enable the family to 
stay together and to keep the child living in the child's home 
and community. 
"(i) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There are authorized 
to be appropriated to carry out this title, $50,000,000 for fiscal 
year 1995.". 
(b) REPEAL OF EXISTING PROGRAMS.— 
(1) FAMILY RESOURCE AND SUPPORT GRANTS.—Section 933 
of the Claude Pepper Young Americans Act of 1990 (42 U.S.C. 
12339) is repealed. 
(2) 
EMERGENCY 
CHILD 
ABUSE 
PREVENTION 
SERVICES 
GRANTS.—Section 107A of the Child Abuse Prevention and 
Treatment Act (42 U.S.C. 5106a-l) is repealed. 
SEC. 402. FEDERAL COUNCIL ON CHILDREN, YOUTH, AND FAMILIES. 
(a) IN GENERAL.—Section 918 of the Claude Pepper Young 
Americans Act of 1990 (42 U.S.C. 12314) is amended— 
(1) in subsection (k)— 
(A) in paragraph (3), by striking out "and" at the 
end thereof; 
(B) in paragraph (4), by striking out the period and 
inserting in lieu thereof a semicolon; and 
(C) by adding at the end thereof the following new 
paragraphs: 
"(6) identify program regulations, practices^ and eligibility 
requirements that impede coordination and collaboration and 
make recommendations for their modifications or elimination; 
and 
PUBLIC LAW 103-252—MAY 18, 1994 
108 STAT. 673 
"(7) develop recommendations for creating jointly funded 
programs, unified assessments, eligibility, and application 
procedures, and confidentiality 
protections that 
facilitate 
information sharing."; 
(2) in subsection (o), by striking "1991 through 1994" and 
inserting "1995 through 1998"; and 
(3) in subsection (p), by striking "1995" and inserting 
"1998". 
(b) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—Section 934 of such 
Act (42 U.S.C. 12340) is amended— 
(1) in paragraph (1) of subsection (a), to read as follows: 
"(1) There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out 
sections 931 and 932 such sums as may be necessary for each 
of the fiscal years 1995 through 1998."; and 
(2) by striking subsection (d). 
SEC. 403. FAMILY RESOURCE ACT. 
(a) NATIONAL CENTER.—Section 958(b)(3) of the Claude Pepper 
Young Americans Act of 1990 (42 U.S.C. 12353(b)(3)) is amended 
by striking "model". 
(b) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—Section 960 
of 
the 
Claude Pepper Young Americans Act of 1990 (42 U.S.C. 12355) 
is amended— 
(1) in subsection (a), by striking "$2,300,000" and all that 
follows through the end thereof and inserting "$2,000,000 for 
each of the fiscal years 1995 through 1998."; and 
(2) in subsection (b), by striking "$700,000" and all that 
follows through the end thereof and inserting "$1,000,000 for 
fiscal year 1995, and such sums as may be necessary for each 
of the fiscal years 1996 through 1998.". 
Approved May 18, 1994. 
LEGISLATIVE HISTORY—S. 2000 (H.R. 4250): 
H O U S E REPORTS: Nos. 103-483 accompanying H.R. 4250 (Comm. on Education and 
Labor) and 103-497 (Comm. of Conference). 
SENATE REPORTS: No. 103-251 (Comm. on Labor and Human Resources). 
C O N G R E S S I O N A L R E C O R D , Vol. 140 (1994): 
Apr. 21, considered and passed Senate. 
Apr. 26, 28, H.R. 4250 considered and passed House, S. 2000, amended, passed 
in lieu. 
May 11, Senate agreed to conference report. 
May 12, House agreed to conference report. 
WEEKLY COMPILATION OF PRESIDENTIAL DOCUMENTS, Vol. 30 (1994): 
May 19, Presidential remarks and statement.