Adam Walsh Child Protection and Safety Act of 2006
PL 109-248 (H.R.4472), enacted 07/27/2006

120 STAT. 587
PUBLIC LAW 109–248—JULY 27, 2006
Public Law 109–248
109th Congress
An Act
To protect children from sexual exploitation and violent crime, to prevent child
abuse and child pornography, to promote Internet safety, and to honor the memory
of Adam Walsh and other child crime victims.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of
the United States of America in Congress assembled,
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS.
(a) SHORT TITLE.—This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Adam Walsh
Child Protection and Safety Act of 2006’’.
(b) TABLE OF CONTENTS.—The table of contents for this Act
is as follows:
Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents.
Sec. 2. In recognition of John and Reve
´ Walsh on the occasion of the 25th anniver-
sary of Adam Walsh’s abduction and murder.
TITLE I—SEX OFFENDER REGISTRATION AND NOTIFICATION ACT
Sec. 101. Short title.
Sec. 102. Declaration of purpose.
Sec. 103. Establishment of program.
Subtitle A—Sex Offender Registration and Notification
Sec. 111. Relevant definitions, including Amie Zyla expansion of sex offender
definition and expanded inclusion of child predators.
Sec. 112. Registry requirements for jurisdictions.
Sec. 113. Registry requirements for sex offenders.
Sec. 114. Information required in registration.
Sec. 115. Duration of registration requirement.
Sec. 116. Periodic in person verification.
Sec. 117. Duty to notify sex offenders of registration requirements and to register.
Sec. 118. Public access to sex offender information through the Internet.
Sec. 119. National Sex Offender Registry.
Sec. 120. Dru Sjodin National Sex Offender Public Website.
Sec. 121. Megan Nicole Kanka and Alexandra Nicole Zapp Community Notification
Program.
Sec. 122. Actions to be taken when sex offender fails to comply.
Sec. 123. Development and availability of registry management and website soft-
ware.
Sec. 124. Period for implementation by jurisdictions.
Sec. 125. Failure of jurisdiction to comply.
Sec. 126. Sex Offender Management Assistance (SOMA) Program.
Sec. 127. Election by Indian tribes.
Sec. 128. Registration of sex offenders entering the United States.
Sec. 129. Repeal of predecessor sex offender program.
Sec. 130. Limitation on liability for the National Center for Missing and Exploited
Children.
Sec. 131. Immunity for good faith conduct.
Subtitle B—Improving Federal Criminal Law Enforcement To Ensure Sex Offender
Compliance With Registration and Notification Requirements and Protection of
Children From Violent Predators
Sec. 141. Amendments to title 18, United States Code, relating to sex offender
registration.
Adam Walsh
Child Protection
and Safety Act
of 2006.
42 USC 16901
note.
July 27, 2006
[H.R. 4472]
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120 STAT. 588
PUBLIC LAW 109–248—JULY 27, 2006
Sec. 142. Federal assistance with respect to violations of registration requirements.
Sec. 143. Project Safe Childhood.
Sec. 144. Federal assistance in identification and location of sex offenders relocated
as a result of a major disaster.
Sec. 145. Expansion of training and technology efforts.
Sec. 146. Office of Sex Offender Sentencing, Monitoring, Apprehending, Reg-
istering, and Tracking.
Subtitle C—Access to Information and Resources Needed To Ensure That Children
Are Not Attacked or Abused
Sec. 151. Access to national crime information databases.
Sec. 152. Requirement to complete background checks before approval of any foster
or adoptive placement and to check national crime information data-
bases and State child abuse registries; suspension and subsequent elimi-
nation of Opt-Out.
Sec. 153. Schools Safe Act.
Sec. 154. Missing child reporting requirements.
Sec. 155. DNA fingerprinting.
TITLE II—FEDERAL CRIMINAL LAW ENHANCEMENTS NEEDED TO PRO-
TECT CHILDREN FROM SEXUAL ATTACKS AND OTHER VIOLENT CRIMES
Sec. 201. Prohibition on Internet sales of date rape drugs.
Sec. 202. Jetseta Gage assured punishment for violent crimes against children.
Sec. 203. Penalties for coercion and enticement by sex offenders.
Sec. 204. Penalties for conduct relating to child prostitution.
Sec. 205. Penalties for sexual abuse.
Sec. 206. Increased penalties for sexual offenses against children.
Sec. 207. Sexual abuse of wards.
Sec. 208. Mandatory penalties for sex-trafficking of children.
Sec. 209. Child abuse reporting.
Sec. 210. Sex offender submission to search as condition of release.
Sec. 211. No limitation for prosecution of felony sex offenses.
Sec. 212. Victims’ rights associated with habeas corpus proceedings.
Sec. 213. Kidnapping jurisdiction.
Sec. 214. Marital communication and adverse spousal privilege.
Sec. 215. Abuse and neglect of Indian children.
Sec. 216. Improvements to the Bail Reform Act to address sex crimes and other
matters.
TITLE III—CIVIL COMMITMENT OF DANGEROUS SEX OFFENDERS
Sec. 301. Jimmy Ryce State civil commitment programs for sexually dangerous per-
sons.
Sec. 302. Jimmy Ryce civil commitment program.
TITLE IV—IMMIGRATION LAW REFORMS TO PREVENT SEX OFFENDERS
FROM ABUSING CHILDREN
Sec. 401. Failure to register a deportable offense.
Sec. 402. Barring convicted sex offenders from having family-based petitions ap-
proved.
TITLE V—CHILD PORNOGRAPHY PREVENTION
Sec. 501. Findings.
Sec. 502. Other record keeping requirements.
Sec. 503. Record keeping requirements for simulated sexual conduct.
Sec. 504. Prevention of distribution of child pornography used as evidence in pros-
ecutions.
Sec. 505. Authorizing civil and criminal asset forfeiture in child exploitation and
obscenity cases.
Sec. 506. Prohibiting the production of obscenity as well as transportation, distribu-
tion, and sale.
Sec. 507. Guardians ad litem.
TITLE VI—GRANTS, STUDIES, AND PROGRAMS FOR CHILDREN AND
COMMUNITY SAFETY
Subtitle A—Mentoring Matches for Youth Act
Sec. 601. Short title.
Sec. 602. Findings.
Sec. 603. Grant program for expanding Big Brothers Big Sisters mentoring pro-
gram.
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120 STAT. 589
PUBLIC LAW 109–248—JULY 27, 2006
Sec. 604. Biannual report.
Sec. 605. Authorization of appropriations.
Subtitle B—National Police Athletic League Youth Enrichment Act
Sec. 611. Short title.
Sec. 612. Findings.
Sec. 613. Purpose.
Sec. 614. Grants authorized.
Sec. 615. Use of funds.
Sec. 616. Authorization of appropriations.
Sec. 617. Name of League.
Subtitle C—Grants, Studies, and Other Provisions
Sec. 621. Pilot program for monitoring sexual offenders.
Sec. 622. Treatment and management of sex offenders in the Bureau of Prisons.
Sec. 623. Sex offender apprehension grants; juvenile sex offender treatment grants.
Sec. 624. Assistance for prosecution of cases cleared through use of DNA backlog
clearance funds.
Sec. 625. Grants to combat sexual abuse of children.
Sec. 626. Crime prevention campaign grant.
Sec. 627. Grants for fingerprinting programs for children.
Sec. 628. Grants for Rape, Abuse & Incest National Network.
Sec. 629. Children’s safety online awareness campaigns.
Sec. 630. Grants for online child safety programs.
Sec. 631. Jessica Lunsford Address Verification Grant Program.
Sec. 632. Fugitive safe surrender.
Sec. 633. National registry of substantiated cases of child abuse.
Sec. 634. Comprehensive examination of sex offender issues.
Sec. 635. Annual report on enforcement of registration requirements.
Sec. 636. Government Accountability Office studies on feasibility of using driver’s
license registration processes as additional registration requirements for
sex offenders.
Sec. 637. Sex offender risk classification study.
Sec. 638. Study of the effectiveness of restricting the activities of sex offenders to
reduce the occurrence of repeat offenses.
Sec. 639. The justice for Crime Victims Family Act.
TITLE VII—INTERNET SAFETY ACT
Sec. 701. Child exploitation enterprises.
Sec. 702. Increased penalties for registered sex offenders.
Sec. 703. Deception by embedded words or images.
Sec. 704. Additional prosecutors for offenses relating to the sexual exploitation of
children.
Sec. 705. Additional computer-related resources.
Sec. 706. Additional ICAC Task Forces.
Sec. 707. Masha’s Law.
SEC. 2. IN RECOGNITION OF JOHN AND REVE
´ WALSH ON THE OCCA-
SION OF THE 25TH ANNIVERSARY OF ADAM WALSH’S
ABDUCTION AND MURDER.
(a) ADAM WALSH’S ABDUCTION AND MURDER.—On July 27, 1981,
in Hollywood, Florida, 6-year-old Adam Walsh was abducted at
a mall. Two weeks later, some of Adam’s remains were discovered
in a canal more than 100 miles from his home.
(b) JOHN
AND REVE
´ WALSH’S COMMITMENT
TO
THE SAFETY
OF CHILDREN.—Since the abduction and murder of their son Adam,
both John and Reve
´ Walsh have dedicated themselves to protecting
children from child predators, preventing attacks on our children,
and bringing child predators to justice. Their commitment has
saved the lives of numerous children. Congress, and the American
people, honor John and Reve
´ Walsh for their dedication to the
well-being and safety of America’s children.
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120 STAT. 590
PUBLIC LAW 109–248—JULY 27, 2006
TITLE I—SEX OFFENDER
REGISTRATION AND NOTIFICATION ACT
SEC. 101. SHORT TITLE.
This title may be cited as the ‘‘Sex Offender Registration and
Notification Act’’.
SEC. 102. DECLARATION OF PURPOSE.
In order to protect the public from sex offenders and offenders
against children, and in response to the vicious attacks by violent
predators against the victims listed below, Congress in this Act
establishes a comprehensive national system for the registration
of those offenders:
(1) Jacob Wetterling, who was 11 years old, was abducted
in 1989 in Minnesota, and remains missing.
(2) Megan Nicole Kanka, who was 7 years old, was
abducted, sexually assaulted, and murdered in 1994, in New
Jersey.
(3) Pam Lychner, who was 31 years old, was attacked
by a career offender in Houston, Texas.
(4) Jetseta Gage, who was 10 years old, was kidnapped,
sexually assaulted, and murdered in 2005, in Cedar Rapids,
Iowa.
(5) Dru Sjodin, who was 22 years old, was sexually
assaulted and murdered in 2003, in North Dakota.
(6) Jessica Lunsford, who was 9 years old, was abducted,
sexually assaulted, buried alive, and murdered in 2005, in
Homosassa, Florida.
(7) Sarah Lunde, who was 13 years old, was strangled
and murdered in 2005, in Ruskin, Florida.
(8) Amie Zyla, who was 8 years old, was sexually assaulted
in 1996 by a juvenile offender in Waukesha, Wisconsin, and
has become an advocate for child victims and protection of
children from juvenile sex offenders.
(9) Christy Ann Fornoff, who was 13 years old, was
abducted, sexually assaulted, and murdered in 1984, in Tempe,
Arizona.
(10) Alexandra Nicole Zapp, who was 30 years old, was
brutally attacked and murdered in a public restroom by a
repeat sex offender in 2002, in Bridgewater, Massachusetts.
(11) Polly Klaas, who was 12 years old, was abducted,
sexually assaulted, and murdered in 1993 by a career offender
in California.
(12) Jimmy Ryce, who was 9 years old, was kidnapped
and murdered in Florida on September 11, 1995.
(13) Carlie Brucia, who was 11 years old, was abducted
and murdered in Florida in February, 2004.
(14) Amanda Brown, who was 7 years old, was abducted
and murdered in Florida in 1998.
(15) Elizabeth Smart, who was 14 years old, was abducted
in Salt Lake City, Utah in June 2002.
(16) Molly Bish, who was 16 years old, was abducted in
2000 while working as a lifeguard in Warren, Massachusetts,
where her remains were found 3 years later.
Molly Bish.
Elizabeth Smart.
Amanda Brown.
Carlie Brucia.
Jimmy Ryce.
Polly Klaas.
Alexandra Nicole
Zapp.
Christy Ann
Fornoff.
Amie Zyla.
Sarah Lunde.
Jessica Lunsford.
Dru Sjodin.
Pam Lychner.
Megan Nicole
Kanka.
Jacob Wetterling.
42 USC 16901.
42 USC 16901
note.
Sex Offender
Registration and
Notification Act.
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120 STAT. 591
PUBLIC LAW 109–248—JULY 27, 2006
(17) Samantha Runnion, who was 5 years old, was
abducted, sexually assaulted, and murdered in California on
July 15, 2002.
SEC. 103. ESTABLISHMENT OF PROGRAM.
This Act establishes the Jacob Wetterling, Megan Nicole Kanka,
and Pam Lychner Sex Offender Registration and Notification Pro-
gram.
Subtitle A—Sex Offender Registration and
Notification
SEC. 111. RELEVANT DEFINITIONS, INCLUDING AMIE ZYLA EXPANSION
OF SEX OFFENDER DEFINITION AND EXPANDED INCLU-
SION OF CHILD PREDATORS.
In this title the following definitions apply:
(1) SEX
OFFENDER.—The term ‘‘sex offender’’ means an
individual who was convicted of a sex offense.
(2) TIER I SEX OFFENDER.—The term ‘‘tier I sex offender’’
means a sex offender other than a tier II or tier III sex offender.
(3) TIER II SEX OFFENDER.—The term ‘‘tier II sex offender’’
means a sex offender other than a tier III sex offender whose
offense is punishable by imprisonment for more than 1 year
and—
(A) is comparable to or more severe than the following
offenses, when committed against a minor, or an attempt
or conspiracy to commit such an offense against a minor:
(i) sex trafficking (as described in section 1591
of title 18, United States Code);
(ii) coercion and enticement (as described in section
2422(b) of title 18, United States Code);
(iii) transportation with intent to engage in
criminal sexual activity (as described in section
2423(a)) of title 18, United States Code;
(iv) abusive sexual contact (as described in section
2244 of title 18, United States Code);
(B) involves—
(i) use of a minor in a sexual performance;
(ii) solicitation of a minor to practice prostitution;
or
(iii) production or distribution of child pornog-
raphy; or
(C) occurs after the offender becomes a tier I sex
offender.
(4) TIER III SEX OFFENDER.—The term ‘‘tier III sex offender’’
means a sex offender whose offense is punishable by imprison-
ment for more than 1 year and—
(A) is comparable to or more severe than the following
offenses, or an attempt or conspiracy to commit such an
offense:
(i) aggravated sexual abuse or sexual abuse (as
described in sections 2241 and 2242 of title 18, United
States Code); or
(ii) abusive sexual contact (as described in section
2244 of title 18, United States Code) against a minor
who has not attained the age of 13 years;
42 USC 16911.
42 USC 16902.
Samantha
Runnion.
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(B) involves kidnapping of a minor (unless committed
by a parent or guardian); or
(C) occurs after the offender becomes a tier II sex
offender.
(5) AMIE ZYLA EXPANSION OF SEX OFFENSE DEFINITION.—
(A) GENERALLY.—Except as limited by subparagraph
(B) or (C), the term ‘‘sex offense’’ means—
(i) a criminal offense that has an element involving
a sexual act or sexual contact with another;
(ii) a criminal offense that is a specified offense
against a minor;
(iii) a Federal offense (including an offense pros-
ecuted under section 1152 or 1153 of title 18, United
States Code) under section 1591, or chapter 109A, 110
(other than section 2257, 2257A, or 2258), or 117,
of title 18, United States Code;
(iv) a military offense specified by the Secretary
of Defense under section 115(a)(8)(C)(i) of Public Law
105–119 (10 U.S.C. 951 note); or
(v) an attempt or conspiracy to commit an offense
described in clauses (i) through (iv).
(B) FOREIGN CONVICTIONS.—A foreign conviction is not
a sex offense for the purposes of this title if it was not
obtained with sufficient safeguards for fundamental fair-
ness and due process for the accused under guidelines
or regulations established under section 112.
(C) OFFENSES
INVOLVING
CONSENSUAL
SEXUAL
CON-
DUCT.—An offense involving consensual sexual conduct is
not a sex offense for the purposes of this title if the victim
was an adult, unless the adult was under the custodial
authority of the offender at the time of the offense, or
if the victim was at least 13 years old and the offender
was not more than 4 years older than the victim.
(6) CRIMINAL OFFENSE.—The term ‘‘criminal offense’’ means
a State, local, tribal, foreign, or military offense (to the extent
specified 
by 
the 
Secretary 
of 
Defense 
under 
section
115(a)(8)(C)(i) of Public Law 105–119 (10 U.S.C. 951 note))
or other criminal offense.
(7) EXPANSION
OF
DEFINITION
OF
‘‘SPECIFIED
OFFENSE
AGAINST A MINOR’’ TO INCLUDE ALL OFFENSES BY CHILD PREDA-
TORS.—The term ‘‘specified offense against a minor’’ means
an offense against a minor that involves any of the following:
(A) An offense (unless committed by a parent or
guardian) involving kidnapping.
(B) An offense (unless committed by a parent or
guardian) involving false imprisonment.
(C) Solicitation to engage in sexual conduct.
(D) Use in a sexual performance.
(E) Solicitation to practice prostitution.
(F) Video voyeurism as described in section 1801 of
title 18, United States Code.
(G) Possession, production, or distribution of child
pornography.
(H) Criminal sexual conduct involving a minor, or the
use of the Internet to facilitate or attempt such conduct.
(I) Any conduct that by its nature is a sex offense
against a minor.
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120 STAT. 593
PUBLIC LAW 109–248—JULY 27, 2006
(8) CONVICTED AS INCLUDING CERTAIN JUVENILE ADJUDICA-
TIONS.—The term ‘‘convicted’’ or a variant thereof, used with
respect to a sex offense, includes adjudicated delinquent as
a juvenile for that offense, but only if the offender is 14 years
of age or older at the time of the offense and the offense
adjudicated was comparable to or more severe than aggravated
sexual abuse (as described in section 2241 of title 18, United
States Code), or was an attempt or conspiracy to commit such
an offense.
(9) SEX OFFENDER REGISTRY.—The term ‘‘sex offender reg-
istry’’ means a registry of sex offenders, and a notification
program, maintained by a jurisdiction.
(10) JURISDICTION.—The term ‘‘jurisdiction’’ means any of
the following:
(A) A State.
(B) The District of Columbia.
(C) The Commonwealth of Puerto Rico.
(D) Guam.
(E) American Samoa.
(F) The Northern Mariana Islands.
(G) The United States Virgin Islands.
(H) To the extent provided and subject to the require-
ments of section 127, a federally recognized Indian tribe.
(11) STUDENT.—The term ‘‘student’’ means an individual
who enrolls in or attends an educational institution, including
(whether public or private) a secondary school, trade or profes-
sional school, and institution of higher education.
(12) EMPLOYEE.—The term ‘‘employee’’ includes an indi-
vidual who is self-employed or works for any other entity,
whether compensated or not.
(13) RESIDES.—The term ‘‘resides’’ means, with respect to
an individual, the location of the individual’s home or other
place where the individual habitually lives.
(14) MINOR.—The term ‘‘minor’’ means an individual who
has not attained the age of 18 years.
SEC. 112. REGISTRY REQUIREMENTS FOR JURISDICTIONS.
(a) JURISDICTION TO MAINTAIN A REGISTRY.—Each jurisdiction
shall maintain a jurisdiction-wide sex offender registry conforming
to the requirements of this title.
(b) GUIDELINES AND REGULATIONS.—The Attorney General shall
issue guidelines and regulations to interpret and implement this
title.
SEC. 113. REGISTRY REQUIREMENTS FOR SEX OFFENDERS.
(a) IN GENERAL.—A sex offender shall register, and keep the
registration current, in each jurisdiction where the offender resides,
where the offender is an employee, and where the offender is
a student. For initial registration purposes only, a sex offender
shall also register in the jurisdiction in which convicted if such
jurisdiction is different from the jurisdiction of residence.
(b) INITIAL REGISTRATION.—The sex offender shall initially reg-
ister—
(1) before completing a sentence of imprisonment with
respect to the offense giving rise to the registration require-
ment; or
42 USC 16913.
42 USC 16912.
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120 STAT. 594
PUBLIC LAW 109–248—JULY 27, 2006
(2) not later than 3 business days after being sentenced
for that offense, if the sex offender is not sentenced to a term
of imprisonment.
(c) KEEPING THE REGISTRATION CURRENT.—A sex offender shall,
not later than 3 business days after each change of name, residence,
employment, or student status, appear in person in at least 1
jurisdiction involved pursuant to subsection (a) and inform that
jurisdiction of all changes in the information required for that
offender in the sex offender registry. That jurisdiction shall imme-
diately provide that information to all other jurisdictions in which
the offender is required to register.
(d) INITIAL REGISTRATION
OF SEX OFFENDERS UNABLE TO
COMPLY WITH SUBSECTION (b).—The Attorney General shall have
the authority to specify the applicability of the requirements of
this title to sex offenders convicted before the enactment of this
Act or its implementation in a particular jurisdiction, and to pre-
scribe rules for the registration of any such sex offenders and
for other categories of sex offenders who are unable to comply
with subsection (b).
(e) STATE PENALTY FOR FAILURE TO COMPLY.—Each jurisdic-
tion, other than a Federally recognized Indian tribe, shall provide
a criminal penalty that includes a maximum term of imprisonment
that is greater than 1 year for the failure of a sex offender to
comply with the requirements of this title.
SEC. 114. INFORMATION REQUIRED IN REGISTRATION.
(a) PROVIDED BY THE OFFENDER.—The sex offender shall pro-
vide the following information to the appropriate official for inclu-
sion in the sex offender registry:
(1) The name of the sex offender (including any alias used
by the individual).
(2) The Social Security number of the sex offender.
(3) The address of each residence at which the sex offender
resides or will reside.
(4) The name and address of any place where the sex
offender is an employee or will be an employee.
(5) The name and address of any place where the sex
offender is a student or will be a student.
(6) The license plate number and a description of any
vehicle owned or operated by the sex offender.
(7) Any other information required by the Attorney General.
(b) PROVIDED BY THE JURISDICTION.—The jurisdiction in which
the sex offender registers shall ensure that the following informa-
tion is included in the registry for that sex offender:
(1) A physical description of the sex offender.
(2) The text of the provision of law defining the criminal
offense for which the sex offender is registered.
(3) The criminal history of the sex offender, including the
date of all arrests and convictions; the status of parole, proba-
tion, or supervised release; registration status; and the exist-
ence of any outstanding arrest warrants for the sex offender.
(4) A current photograph of the sex offender.
(5) A set of fingerprints and palm prints of the sex offender.
(6) A DNA sample of the sex offender.
(7) A photocopy of a valid driver’s license or identification
card issued to the sex offender by a jurisdiction.
(8) Any other information required by the Attorney General.
42 USC 16914.
Applicability.
Regulations.
Deadline.
Deadline.
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PUBLIC LAW 109–248—JULY 27, 2006
SEC. 115. DURATION OF REGISTRATION REQUIREMENT.
(a) FULL REGISTRATION PERIOD.—A sex offender shall keep
the registration current for the full registration period (excluding
any time the sex offender is in custody or civilly committed) unless
the offender is allowed a reduction under subsection (b). The full
registration period is—
(1) 15 years, if the offender is a tier I sex offender;
(2) 25 years, if the offender is a tier II sex offender; and
(3) the life of the offender, if the offender is a tier III
sex offender.
(b) REDUCED PERIOD FOR CLEAN RECORD.—
(1) CLEAN RECORD.—The full registration period shall be
reduced as described in paragraph (3) for a sex offender who
maintains a clean record for the period described in paragraph
(2) by—
(A) not being convicted of any offense for which impris-
onment for more than 1 year may be imposed;
(B) not being convicted of any sex offense;
(C) successfully completing any periods of supervised
release, probation, and parole; and
(D) successfully completing of an appropriate sex
offender treatment program certified by a jurisdiction or
by the Attorney General.
(2) PERIOD.—In the case of—
(A) a tier I sex offender, the period during which the
clean record shall be maintained is 10 years; and
(B) a tier III sex offender adjudicated delinquent for
the offense which required registration in a sex registry
under this title, the period during which the clean record
shall be maintained is 25 years.
(3) REDUCTION.—In the case of—
(A) a tier I sex offender, the reduction is 5 years;
(B) a tier III sex offender adjudicated delinquent, the
reduction is from life to that period for which the clean
record under paragraph (2) is maintained.
SEC. 116. PERIODIC IN PERSON VERIFICATION.
A sex offender shall appear in person, allow the jurisdiction
to take a current photograph, and verify the information in each
registry in which that offender is required to be registered not
less frequently than—
(1) each year, if the offender is a tier I sex offender;
(2) every 6 months, if the offender is a tier II sex offender;
and
(3) every 3 months, if the offender is a tier III sex offender.
SEC. 117. DUTY TO NOTIFY SEX OFFENDERS OF REGISTRATION
REQUIREMENTS AND TO REGISTER.
(a) IN GENERAL.—An appropriate official shall, shortly before
release of the sex offender from custody, or, if the sex offender
is not in custody, immediately after the sentencing of the sex
offender, for the offense giving rise to the duty to register—
(1) inform the sex offender of the duties of a sex offender
under this title and explain those duties;
(2) require the sex offender to read and sign a form stating
that the duty to register has been explained and that the
sex offender understands the registration requirement; and
42 USC 16917.
42 USC 16916.
42 USC 16915.
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(3) ensure that the sex offender is registered.
(b) NOTIFICATION OF SEX OFFENDERS WHO CANNOT COMPLY
WITH SUBSECTION (a).—The Attorney General shall prescribe rules
for the notification of sex offenders who cannot be registered in
accordance with subsection (a).
SEC. 118. PUBLIC ACCESS TO SEX OFFENDER INFORMATION THROUGH
THE INTERNET.
(a) IN GENERAL.—Except as provided in this section, each juris-
diction shall make available on the Internet, in a manner that
is readily accessible to all jurisdictions and to the public, all informa-
tion about each sex offender in the registry. The jurisdiction shall
maintain the Internet site in a manner that will permit the public
to obtain relevant information for each sex offender by a single
query for any given zip code or geographic radius set by the user.
The jurisdiction shall also include in the design of its Internet
site all field search capabilities needed for full participation in
the Dru Sjodin National Sex Offender Public Website and shall
participate in that website as provided by the Attorney General.
(b) MANDATORY EXEMPTIONS.—A jurisdiction shall exempt from
disclosure—
(1) the identity of any victim of a sex offense;
(2) the Social Security number of the sex offender;
(3) any reference to arrests of the sex offender that did
not result in conviction; and
(4) any other information exempted from disclosure by
the Attorney General.
(c) OPTIONAL EXEMPTIONS.—A jurisdiction may exempt from
disclosure—
(1) any information about a tier I sex offender convicted
of an offense other than a specified offense against a minor;
(2) the name of an employer of the sex offender;
(3) the name of an educational institution where the sex
offender is a student; and
(4) any other information exempted from disclosure by
the Attorney General.
(d) LINKS.—The site shall include, to the extent practicable,
links to sex offender safety and education resources.
(e) CORRECTION OF ERRORS.—The site shall include instructions
on how to seek correction of information that an individual contends
is erroneous.
(f) WARNING.—The site shall include a warning that information
on the site should not be used to unlawfully injure, harass, or
commit a crime against any individual named in the registry or
residing or working at any reported address. The warning shall
note that any such action could result in civil or criminal penalties.
SEC. 119. NATIONAL SEX OFFENDER REGISTRY.
(a) INTERNET.—The Attorney General shall maintain a national
database at the Federal Bureau of Investigation for each sex
offender and any other person required to register in a jurisdiction’s
sex offender registry. The database shall be known as the National
Sex Offender Registry.
(b) ELECTRONIC FORWARDING.—The Attorney General shall
ensure (through the National Sex Offender Registry or otherwise)
that updated information about a sex offender is immediately trans-
mitted by electronic forwarding to all relevant jurisdictions.
42 USC 16919.
42 USC 16918.
Regulations.
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SEC. 120. DRU SJODIN NATIONAL SEX OFFENDER PUBLIC WEBSITE.
(a) ESTABLISHMENT.—There is established the Dru Sjodin
National Sex Offender Public Website (hereinafter in this section
referred to as the ‘‘Website’’), which the Attorney General shall
maintain.
(b) INFORMATION TO BE PROVIDED.—The Website shall include
relevant information for each sex offender and other person listed
on a jurisdiction’s Internet site. The Website shall allow the public
to obtain relevant information for each sex offender by a single
query for any given zip code or geographical radius set by the
user in a form and with such limitations as may be established
by the Attorney General and shall have such other field search
capabilities as the Attorney General may provide.
SEC. 121. MEGAN NICOLE KANKA AND ALEXANDRA NICOLE ZAPP
COMMUNITY NOTIFICATION PROGRAM.
(a) ESTABLISHMENT
OF PROGRAM.—There is established the
Megan Nicole Kanka and Alexandra Nicole Zapp Community
Notification Program (hereinafter in this section referred to as
the ‘‘Program’’).
(b) PROGRAM NOTIFICATION.—Except as provided in subsection
(c), immediately after a sex offender registers or updates a registra-
tion, an appropriate official in the jurisdiction shall provide the
information in the registry (other than information exempted from
disclosure by the Attorney General) about that offender to the
following:
(1) The Attorney General, who shall include that informa-
tion in the National Sex Offender Registry or other appropriate
databases.
(2) Appropriate law enforcement agencies (including proba-
tion agencies, if appropriate), and each school and public
housing agency, in each area in which the individual resides,
is an employee or is a student.
(3) Each jurisdiction where the sex offender resides, is
an employee, or is a student, and each jurisdiction from or
to which a change of residence, employment, or student status
occurs.
(4) Any agency responsible for conducting employment-
related background checks under section 3 of the National
Child Protection Act of 1993 (42 U.S.C. 5119a).
(5) Social service entities responsible for protecting minors
in the child welfare system.
(6) Volunteer organizations in which contact with minors
or other vulnerable individuals might occur.
(7) Any organization, company, or individual who requests
such notification pursuant to procedures established by the
jurisdiction.
(c) FREQUENCY.—Notwithstanding subsection (b), an organiza-
tion or individual described in subsection (b)(6) or (b)(7) may opt
to receive the notification described in that subsection no less fre-
quently than once every five business days.
SEC. 122. ACTIONS TO BE TAKEN WHEN SEX OFFENDER FAILS TO
COMPLY.
An appropriate official shall notify the Attorney General and
appropriate law enforcement agencies of any failure by a sex
offender to comply with the requirements of a registry and revise
Notification.
42 USC 16922.
42 USC 16921.
42 USC 16920.
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the jurisdiction’s registry to reflect the nature of that failure. The
appropriate official, the Attorney General, and each such law
enforcement agency shall take any appropriate action to ensure
compliance.
SEC. 123. DEVELOPMENT AND AVAILABILITY OF REGISTRY MANAGE-
MENT AND WEBSITE SOFTWARE.
(a) DUTY TO DEVELOP AND SUPPORT.—The Attorney General
shall, in consultation with the jurisdictions, develop and support
software to enable jurisdictions to establish and operate uniform
sex offender registries and Internet sites.
(b) CRITERIA.—The software should facilitate—
(1) immediate exchange of information among jurisdictions;
(2) public access over the Internet to appropriate informa-
tion, including the number of registered sex offenders in each
jurisdiction on a current basis;
(3) full compliance with the requirements of this title;
and
(4) communication of information to community notification
program participants as required under section 121.
(c) DEADLINE.—The Attorney General shall make the first com-
plete edition of this software available to jurisdictions within 2
years of the date of the enactment of this Act.
SEC. 124. PERIOD FOR IMPLEMENTATION BY JURISDICTIONS.
(a) DEADLINE.—Each jurisdiction shall implement this title
before the later of—
(1) 3 years after the date of the enactment of this Act;
and
(2) 1 year after the date on which the software described
in section 123 is available.
(b) EXTENSIONS.—The Attorney General may authorize up to
two 1-year extensions of the deadline.
SEC. 125. FAILURE OF JURISDICTION TO COMPLY.
(a) IN GENERAL.—For any fiscal year after the end of the
period for implementation, a jurisdiction that fails, as determined
by the Attorney General, to substantially implement this title shall
not receive 10 percent of the funds that would otherwise be allocated
for that fiscal year to the jurisdiction under subpart 1 of part
E of title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act
of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 3750 et seq.).
(b) STATE CONSTITUTIONALITY.—
(1) IN GENERAL.—When evaluating whether a jurisdiction
has substantially implemented this title, the Attorney General
shall consider whether the jurisdiction is unable to substantially
implement this title because of a demonstrated inability to
implement certain provisions that would place the jurisdiction
in violation of its constitution, as determined by a ruling of
the jurisdiction’s highest court.
(2) EFFORTS.—If the circumstances arise under paragraph
(1), then the Attorney General and the jurisdiction shall make
good faith efforts to accomplish substantial implementation
of this title and to reconcile any conflicts between this title
and the jurisdiction’s constitution. In considering whether
compliance with the requirements of this title would likely
violate the jurisdiction’s constitution or an interpretation
thereof by the jurisdiction’s highest court, the Attorney General
42 USC 16925.
42 USC 16924.
42 USC 16923.
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shall consult with the chief executive and chief legal officer
of the jurisdiction concerning the jurisdiction’s interpretation
of the jurisdiction’s constitution and rulings thereon by the
jurisdiction’s highest court.
(3) ALTERNATIVE PROCEDURES.—If the jurisdiction is unable
to substantially implement this title because of a limitation
imposed by the jurisdiction’s constitution, the Attorney General
may determine that the jurisdiction is in compliance with this
Act if the jurisdiction has made, or is in the process of imple-
menting reasonable alternative procedures or accommodations,
which are consistent with the purposes of this Act.
(4) FUNDING REDUCTION.—If a jurisdiction does not comply
with paragraph (3), then the jurisdiction shall be subject to
a funding reduction as specified in subsection (a).
(c) REALLOCATION.—Amounts not allocated under a program
referred to in this section to a jurisdiction for failure to substantially
implement this title shall be reallocated under that program to
jurisdictions that have not failed to substantially implement this
title or may be reallocated to a jurisdiction from which they were
withheld to be used solely for the purpose of implementing this
title.
(d) RULE OF CONSTRUCTION.—The provisions of this title that
are cast as directions to jurisdictions or their officials constitute,
in relation to States, only conditions required to avoid the reduction
of Federal funding under this section.
SEC. 126. SEX OFFENDER MANAGEMENT ASSISTANCE (SOMA) PRO-
GRAM.
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Attorney General shall establish and
implement a Sex Offender Management Assistance program (in
this title referred to as the ‘‘SOMA program’’), under which the
Attorney General may award a grant to a jurisdiction to offset
the costs of implementing this title.
(b) APPLICATION.—The chief executive of a jurisdiction desiring
a grant under this section shall, on an annual basis, submit to
the Attorney General an application in such form and containing
such information as the Attorney General may require.
(c) BONUS PAYMENTS FOR PROMPT COMPLIANCE.—A jurisdiction
that, as determined by the Attorney General, has substantially
implemented this title not later than 2 years after the date of
the enactment of this Act is eligible for a bonus payment. The
Attorney General may make such a payment under the SOMA
program for the first fiscal year beginning after that determination.
The amount of the payment shall be—
(1) 10 percent of the total received by the jurisdiction
under the SOMA program for the preceding fiscal year, if
that implementation is not later than 1 year after the date
of enactment of this Act; and
(2) 5 percent of such total, if not later than 2 years after
that date.
(d) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—In addition to any
amounts otherwise authorized to be appropriated, there are author-
ized to be appropriated such sums as may be necessary to the
Attorney General, to be available only for the SOMA program,
for fiscal years 2007 through 2009.
SEC. 127. ELECTION BY INDIAN TRIBES.
(a) ELECTION.—
42 USC 16927.
Deadlines.
42 USC 16926.
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(1) IN GENERAL.—A federally recognized Indian tribe may,
by resolution or other enactment of the tribal council or com-
parable governmental body—
(A) elect to carry out this subtitle as a jurisdiction
subject to its provisions; or
(B) elect to delegate its functions under this subtitle
to another jurisdiction or jurisdictions within which the
territory of the tribe is located and to provide access to
its territory and such other cooperation and assistance
as may be needed to enable such other jurisdiction or
jurisdictions to carry out and enforce the requirements
of this subtitle.
(2) IMPUTED ELECTION IN CERTAIN CASES.—A tribe shall
be treated as if it had made the election described in paragraph
(1)(B) if—
(A) it is a tribe subject to the law enforcement jurisdic-
tion of a State under section 1162 of title 18, United States
Code;
(B) the tribe does not make an election under para-
graph (1) within 1 year of the enactment of this Act or
rescinds an election under paragraph (1)(A); or
(C) the Attorney General determines that the tribe
has not substantially implemented the requirements of this
subtitle and is not likely to become capable of doing so
within a reasonable amount of time.
(b) COOPERATION BETWEEN TRIBAL AUTHORITIES AND OTHER
JURISDICTIONS.—
(1) NONDUPLICATION.—A tribe subject to this subtitle is
not required to duplicate functions under this subtitle which
are fully carried out by another jurisdiction or jurisdictions
within which the territory of the tribe is located.
(2) COOPERATIVE
AGREEMENTS.—A tribe may, through
cooperative agreements with such a jurisdiction or jurisdic-
tions—
(A) arrange for the tribe to carry out any function
of such a jurisdiction under this subtitle with respect to
sex offenders subject to the tribe’s jurisdiction; and
(B) arrange for such a jurisdiction to carry out any
function of the tribe under this subtitle with respect to
sex offenders subject to the tribe’s jurisdiction.
SEC. 128. REGISTRATION OF SEX OFFENDERS ENTERING THE UNITED
STATES.
The Attorney General, in consultation with the Secretary of
State and the Secretary of Homeland Security, shall establish and
maintain a system for informing the relevant jurisdictions about
persons entering the United States who are required to register
under this title. The Secretary of State and the Secretary of Home-
land Security shall provide such information and carry out such
functions as the Attorney General may direct in the operation
of the system.
SEC. 129. REPEAL OF PREDECESSOR SEX OFFENDER PROGRAM.
(a) REPEAL.—Sections 170101 (42 U.S.C. 14071) and 170102
(42 U.S.C. 14072) of the Violent Crime Control and Law Enforce-
ment Act of 1994, and section 8 of the Pam Lychner Sexual Offender
Tracking and Identification Act of 1996 (42 U.S.C. 14073), are
repealed.
Establishment.
42 USC 16928.
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(b) EFFECTIVE DATE.—Notwithstanding any other provision of
this Act, this section shall take effect on the date of the deadline
determined in accordance with section 124(a).
SEC. 130. LIMITATION ON LIABILITY FOR THE NATIONAL CENTER FOR
MISSING AND EXPLOITED CHILDREN.
Section 227 of the Victims of Child Abuse Act of 1990 (42
U.S.C. 13032) is amended by adding at the end the following:
‘‘(g) LIMITATION ON LIABILITY.—
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—Except as provided in paragraphs (2)
and (3), the National Center for Missing and Exploited Chil-
dren, including any of its directors, officers, employees, or
agents, is not liable in any civil or criminal action arising
from the performance of its CyberTipline responsibilities and
functions, as defined by this section, or from its efforts to
identify child victims.
‘‘(2) INTENTIONAL, RECKLESS, OR
OTHER
MISCONDUCT.—
Paragraph (1) does not apply in an action in which a party
proves that the National Center for Missing and Exploited
Children, or its officer, employee, or agent as the case may
be, engaged in intentional misconduct or acted, or failed to
act, with actual malice, with reckless disregard to a substantial
risk of causing injury without legal justification, or for a pur-
pose unrelated to the performance of responsibilities or func-
tions under this section.
‘‘(3) ORDINARY BUSINESS ACTIVITIES.—Paragraph (1) does
not apply to an act or omission related to an ordinary business
activity, such as an activity involving general administration
or operations, the use of motor vehicles, or personnel manage-
ment.’’.
SEC. 131. IMMUNITY FOR GOOD FAITH CONDUCT.
The Federal Government, jurisdictions, political subdivisions
of jurisdictions, and their agencies, officers, employees, and agents
shall be immune from liability for good faith conduct under this
title.
Subtitle B—Improving Federal Criminal
Law Enforcement To Ensure Sex Of-
fender Compliance With Registration
and Notification Requirements and Pro-
tection of Children From Violent Preda-
tors
SEC. 141. AMENDMENTS TO TITLE 18, UNITED STATES CODE, RELATING
TO SEX OFFENDER REGISTRATION.
(a) CRIMINAL PENALTIES FOR NONREGISTRATION.—
(1) IN GENERAL.—Part I of title 18, United States Code,
is amended by inserting after chapter 109A the following:
42 USC 16929.
42 USC 14071
note.
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‘‘CHAPTER 109B—SEX OFFENDER AND CRIMES AGAINST
CHILDREN REGISTRY
‘‘Sec.
‘‘2250. Failure to register.
‘‘§ 2250. Failure to register
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—Whoever—
‘‘(1) is required to register under the Sex Offender Registra-
tion and Notification Act;
‘‘(2)(A) is a sex offender as defined for the purposes of
the Sex Offender Registration and Notification Act by reason
of a conviction under Federal law (including the Uniform Code
of Military Justice), the law of the District of Columbia, Indian
tribal law, or the law of any territory or possession of the
United States; or
‘‘(B) travels in interstate or foreign commerce, or enters
or leaves, or resides in, Indian country; and
‘‘(3) knowingly fails to register or update a registration
as required by the Sex Offender Registration and Notification
Act;
shall be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than 10
years, or both.
‘‘(b) AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE.—In a prosecution for a violation
under subsection (a), it is an affirmative defense that—
‘‘(1) uncontrollable circumstances prevented the individual
from complying;
‘‘(2) the individual did not contribute to the creation of
such circumstances in reckless disregard of the requirement
to comply; and
‘‘(3) the individual complied as soon as such circumstances
ceased to exist.
‘‘(c) CRIME OF VIOLENCE.—
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—An individual described in subsection
(a) who commits a crime of violence under Federal law
(including the Uniform Code of Military Justice), the law of
the District of Columbia, Indian tribal law, or the law of any
territory or possession of the United States shall be imprisoned
for not less than 5 years and not more than 30 years.
‘‘(2) ADDITIONAL PUNISHMENT.—The punishment provided
in paragraph (1) shall be in addition and consecutive to the
punishment provided for the violation described in subsection
(a).’’.
(2) CLERICAL AMENDMENT.—The table of chapters for part
I of title 18, United States Code, is amended by inserting
after the item relating to chapter 109A the following:
‘‘109B. Sex offender and crimes against children registry ....................... 2250’’.
(b) DIRECTIVE TO THE UNITED STATES SENTENCING COMMIS-
SION.—In promulgating guidelines for use of a sentencing court
in determining the sentence to be imposed for the offense specified
in subsection (a), the United States Sentencing Commission shall
consider the following matters, in addition to the matters specified
in section 994 of title 28, United States Code:
(1) Whether the person committed another sex offense in
connection with, or during, the period for which the person
failed to register.
28 USC 994 note.
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(2) Whether the person committed an offense against a
minor in connection with, or during, the period for which the
person failed to register.
(3) Whether the person voluntarily attempted to correct
the failure to register.
(4) The seriousness of the offense which gave rise to the
requirement to register, including whether such offense is a
tier I, tier II, or tier III offense, as those terms are defined
in section 111.
(5) Whether the person has been convicted or adjudicated
delinquent for any offense other than the offense which gave
rise to the requirement to register.
(c) FALSE STATEMENT OFFENSE.—Section 1001(a) of title 18,
United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following:
‘‘If the matter relates to an offense under chapter 109A, 109B,
110, or 117, or section 1591, then the term of imprisonment imposed
under this section shall be not more than 8 years.’’.
(d) PROBATION.—Paragraph (8) of section 3563(a) of title 18,
United States Code, is amended to read as follows:
‘‘(8) for a person required to register under the Sex Offender
Registration and Notification Act, that the person comply with
the requirements of that Act; and’’.
(e) SUPERVISED RELEASE.—Section 3583 of title 18, United
States Code, is amended—
(1) in subsection (d), in the sentence beginning with ‘‘The
court shall order, as an explicit condition of supervised release
for a person described in section 4042(c)(4)’’, by striking
‘‘described in section 4042(c)(4)’’ and all that follows through
the end of the sentence and inserting ‘‘required to register
under the Sex Offender Registration and Notification Act, that
the person comply with the requirements of that Act.’’.
(2) in subsection (k)—
(A) by striking ‘‘2244(a)(1), 2244(a)(2)’’ and inserting
‘‘2243, 2244, 2245, 2250’’;
(B) by inserting ‘‘not less than 5,’’ after ‘‘any term
of years’’; and
(C) by adding at the end the following: ‘‘If a defendant
required to register under the Sex Offender Registration
and Notification Act commits any criminal offense under
chapter 109A, 110, or 117, or section 1201 or 1591, for
which imprisonment for a term longer than 1 year can
be imposed, the court shall revoke the term of supervised
release and require the defendant to serve a term of impris-
onment under subsection (e)(3) without regard to the excep-
tion contained therein. Such term shall be not less than
5 years.’’.
(f) DUTIES OF THE BUREAU OF PRISONS.—Paragraph (3) of sec-
tion 4042(c) of title 18, United States Code, is amended to read
as follows:
‘‘(3) The Director of the Bureau of Prisons shall inform a
person who is released from prison and required to register under
the Sex Offender Registration and Notification Act of the require-
ments of that Act as they apply to that person and the same
information shall be provided to a person sentenced to probation
by the probation officer responsible for supervision of that person.’’.
(g) CONFORMING AMENDMENTS TO CROSS-REFERENCES.—Sec-
tion 4042(c) of title 18, United States Code, is amended—
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(1) in paragraph (1), by striking ‘‘(4)’’ and inserting ‘‘(3),
or any other person in a category specified by the Attorney
General,’’; and
(2) in paragraph (2)—
(A) in the first sentence, by striking ‘‘shall be subject
to a registration requirement as a sex offender’’ and
inserting ‘‘shall register as required by the Sex Offender
Registration and Notification Act’’; and
(B) in the fourth sentence, by striking ‘‘(4)’’ and
inserting ‘‘(3)’’.
(h) CONFORMING REPEAL OF DEADWOOD.—Paragraph (4) of sec-
tion 4042(c) of title 18, United States Code, is repealed.
(i) MILITARY OFFENSES.—
(1) Section 115(a)(8)(C)(i) of Public Law 105–119 (111 Stat.
2466) is amended by striking ‘‘which encompass’’ and all that
follows through ‘‘and (B))’’ and inserting ‘‘which are sex offenses
as that term is defined in the Sex Offender Registration and
Notification Act’’.
(2) Section 115(a)(8)(C)(iii) of Public Law 105–119 (111
Stat. 2466; 10 U.S.C. 951 note) is amended by striking ‘‘the
amendments made by subparagraphs (A) and (B)’’ and inserting
‘‘the Sex Offender Registration and Notification Act’’.
(j) CONFORMING AMENDMENT RELATING TO PAROLE.—Section
4209(a) of title 18, United States Code, is amended in the second
sentence by striking ‘‘described’’ and all that follows through the
end of the sentence and inserting ‘‘required to register under the
Sex Offender Registration and Notification Act that the person
comply with the requirements of that Act.’’.
SEC. 142. FEDERAL ASSISTANCE WITH RESPECT TO VIOLATIONS OF
REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS.
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Attorney General shall use the resources
of Federal law enforcement, including the United States Marshals
Service, to assist jurisdictions in locating and apprehending sex
offenders who violate sex offender registration requirements. For
the purposes of section 566(e)(1)(B) of title 28, United States Code,
a sex offender who violates a sex offender registration requirement
shall be deemed a fugitive.
(b) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There are authorized
to be appropriated such sums as may be necessary for fiscal years
2007 through 2009 to implement this section.
SEC. 143. PROJECT SAFE CHILDHOOD.
(a) ESTABLISHMENT OF PROGRAM.—Not later than 6 months
after the date of enactment of this Act, the Attorney General shall
create and maintain a Project Safe Childhood program in accordance
with this section.
(b) INITIAL IMPLEMENTATION.—Except as authorized under sub-
section (c), funds authorized under this section may only be used
for the following 5 purposes:
(1) Integrated Federal, State, and local efforts to investigate
and prosecute child exploitation cases, including—
(A) the partnership by each United States Attorney
with each Internet Crimes Against Children Task Force
that is a part of the Internet Crimes Against Children
Task Force Program authorized and funded under title
IV of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention
Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5771 et seq.) (referred to in this
Deadline.
42 USC 16942.
42 USC 16941.
10 USC 951 note.
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section as the ‘‘ICAC Task Force Program’’) that exists
within the district of such attorney;
(B) the partnership by each United States Attorney
with other Federal, State, and local law enforcement part-
ners working in the district of such attorney to implement
the program described in subsection (a);
(C) the development by each United States Attorney
of a district-specific strategic plan to coordinate the inves-
tigation and prosecution of child exploitation crimes;
(D) efforts to identify and rescue victims of child exploi-
tation crimes; and
(E) local training, educational, and awareness pro-
grams of such crimes.
(2) Major case coordination by the Department of Justice
(or other Federal agencies as appropriate), including specific
integration or cooperation, as appropriate, of—
(A) the Child Exploitation and Obscenity Section
within the Department of Justice;
(B) the Innocent Images Unit of the Federal Bureau
of Investigation;
(C) any task forces established in connection with the
Project Safe Childhood program set forth under subsection
(a); and
(D) the High Tech Investigative Unit within the
Criminal Division of the Department of Justice.
(3) Increased Federal involvement in child pornography
and enticement cases by providing additional investigative tools
and increased penalties under Federal law.
(4) Training of Federal, State, and local law enforcement
through programs facilitated by—
(A) the National Center for Missing and Exploited
Children;
(B) the ICAC Task Force Program; and
(C) any other ongoing program regarding the investiga-
tion and prosecution of computer-facilitated crimes against
children, including training and coordination regarding
leads from—
(i) Federal law enforcement operations; and
(ii) the CyberTipline and Child Victim-Identifica-
tion programs managed and maintained by the
National Center for Missing and Exploited Children.
(5) Community awareness and educational programs
through partnerships to provide national public awareness and
educational programs through—
(A) the National Center for Missing and Exploited
Children;
(B) the ICAC Task Force Program; and
(C) any other ongoing programs that—
(i) raises national awareness about the threat of
online sexual predators; or
(ii) provides information to parents and children
seeking to report possible violations of computer-facili-
tated crimes against children.
(c) EXPANSION OF PROJECT SAFE CHILDHOOD.—Notwithstanding
subsection (b), funds authorized under this section may be also
be used for the following purposes:
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(1) The addition of not less than 8 Assistant United States
Attorneys at the Department of Justice dedicated to the
prosecution of cases in connection with the Project Safe Child-
hood program set forth under subsection (a).
(2) The creation, development, training, and deployment
of not less than 10 new Internet Crimes Against Children
task forces within the ICAC Task Force Program consisting
of Federal, State, and local law enforcement personnel dedicated
to the Project Safe Childhood program set forth under sub-
section (a), and the enhancement of the forensic capacities
of existing Internet Crimes Against Children task forces.
(3) The development and enhancement by the Federal
Bureau of Investigation of the Innocent Images task forces.
(4) Such other additional and related purposes as the
Attorney General determines appropriate.
(d) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—For the purpose of
carrying out this section, there are authorized to be appropriated—
(1) for the activities described under subsection (b)—
(A) $18,000,000 for fiscal year 2007; and
(B) such sums as may be necessary for each of the
5 succeeding fiscal years; and
(2) for the activities described under subsection (c)—
(A) for fiscal year 2007—
(i) $15,000,000 for the activities under paragraph
(1);
(ii) $10,000,000 for activities under paragraph (2);
and
(iii) $4,000,000 for activities under paragraph (3);
and
(B) such sums as may be necessary for each of the
5 succeeding fiscal years.
SEC. 144. FEDERAL ASSISTANCE IN IDENTIFICATION AND LOCATION
OF SEX OFFENDERS RELOCATED AS A RESULT OF A
MAJOR DISASTER.
The Attorney General shall provide assistance to jurisdictions
in the identification and location of a sex offender relocated as
a result of a major disaster.
SEC. 145. EXPANSION OF TRAINING AND TECHNOLOGY EFFORTS.
(a) TRAINING.—The Attorney General shall—
(1) expand training efforts with Federal, State, and local
law enforcement officers and prosecutors to effectively respond
to the threat to children and the public posed by sex offenders
who use the Internet and technology to solicit or otherwise
exploit children;
(2) facilitate meetings involving corporations that sell com-
puter hardware and software or provide services to the general
public related to use of the Internet, to identify problems associ-
ated with the use of technology for the purpose of exploiting
children;
(3) host national conferences to train Federal, State, and
local law enforcement officers, probation and parole officers,
and prosecutors regarding pro-active approaches to monitoring
sex offender activity on the Internet;
(4) develop and distribute, for personnel listed in paragraph
(3), information regarding multidisciplinary approaches to
42 USC 16944.
42 USC 16943.
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holding offenders accountable to the terms of their probation,
parole, and sex offender registration laws; and
(5) partner with other agencies to improve the coordination
of joint investigations among agencies to effectively combat
online solicitation of children by sex offenders.
(b) TECHNOLOGY.—The Attorney General shall—
(1) deploy, to all Internet Crimes Against Children Task
Forces and their partner agencies, technology modeled after
the Canadian Child Exploitation Tracking System; and
(2) conduct training in the use of that technology.
(c) REPORT.—Not later than July 1, 2007, the Attorney General,
shall submit to Congress a report on the activities carried out
under this section. The report shall include any recommendations
that the Attorney General considers appropriate.
(d) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There are authorized
to be appropriated to the Attorney General, for fiscal year 2007—
(1) $1,000,000 to carry out subsection (a); and
(2) $2,000,000 to carry out subsection (b).
SEC. 146. OFFICE OF SEX OFFENDER SENTENCING, MONITORING,
APPREHENDING, REGISTERING, AND TRACKING.
(a) ESTABLISHMENT.—There is established within the Depart-
ment of Justice, under the general authority of the Attorney Gen-
eral, an Office of Sex Offender Sentencing, Monitoring, Appre-
hending, Registering, and Tracking (hereinafter in this section
referred to as the ‘‘SMART Office’’).
(b) DIRECTOR.—The SMART Office shall be headed by a Director
who shall be appointed by the President. The Director shall report
to the Attorney General through the Assistant Attorney General
for the Office of Justice Programs and shall have final authority
for all grants, cooperative agreements, and contracts awarded by
the SMART Office. The Director shall not engage in any employ-
ment other than that of serving as the Director, nor shall the
Director hold any office in, or act in any capacity for, any organiza-
tion, agency, or institution with which the Office makes any contract
or other arrangement.
(c) DUTIES AND FUNCTIONS.—The SMART Office is authorized
to—
(1) administer the standards for the sex offender registra-
tion and notification program set forth in this Act;
(2) administer grant programs relating to sex offender reg-
istration and notification authorized by this Act and other
grant programs authorized by this Act as directed by the
Attorney General;
(3) cooperate with and provide technical assistance to
States, units of local government, tribal governments, and other
public and private entities involved in activities related to
sex offender registration or notification or to other measures
for the protection of children or other members of the public
from sexual abuse or exploitation; and
(4) perform such other functions as the Attorney General
may delegate.
President.
42 USC 16945.
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PUBLIC LAW 109–248—JULY 27, 2006
Subtitle C—Access to Information and Re-
sources Needed To Ensure That Children
Are Not Attacked or Abused
SEC. 151. ACCESS TO NATIONAL CRIME INFORMATION DATABASES.
(a) IN GENERAL.—Notwithstanding any other provision of law,
the Attorney General shall ensure access to the national crime
information databases (as defined in section 534 of title 28, United
States Code) by—
(1) the National Center for Missing and Exploited Children,
to be used only within the scope of the Center’s duties and
responsibilities under Federal law to assist or support law
enforcement agencies in administration of criminal justice func-
tions; and
(2) governmental social service agencies with child protec-
tion responsibilities, to be used by such agencies only in inves-
tigating or responding to reports of child abuse, neglect, or
exploitation.
(b) CONDITIONS OF ACCESS.—The access provided under this
section, and associated rules of dissemination, shall be—
(1) defined by the Attorney General; and
(2) limited to personnel of the Center or such agencies
that have met all requirements set by the Attorney General,
including training, certification, and background screening.
SEC. 152. REQUIREMENT TO COMPLETE BACKGROUND CHECKS
BEFORE APPROVAL OF ANY FOSTER OR ADOPTIVE
PLACEMENT AND TO CHECK NATIONAL CRIME INFORMA-
TION DATABASES AND STATE CHILD ABUSE REGISTRIES;
SUSPENSION AND SUBSEQUENT ELIMINATION OF OPT-
OUT.
(a) REQUIREMENT TO COMPLETE BACKGROUND CHECKS BEFORE
APPROVAL OF ANY FOSTER OR ADOPTIVE PLACEMENT AND TO CHECK
NATIONAL CRIME INFORMATION DATABASES AND STATE CHILD ABUSE
REGISTRIES; SUSPENSION OF OPT-OUT.—
(1) REQUIREMENT TO CHECK NATIONAL CRIME INFORMATION
DATABASES
AND
STATE
CHILD
ABUSE
REGISTRIES.—Section
471(a)(20) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 671(a)(20))
is amended—
(A) in subparagraph (A)—
(i) in the matter preceding clause (I)—
(I) by inserting ‘‘, including fingerprint-based
checks of national crime information databases (as
defined in section 534(e)(3)(A) of title 28, United
States Code),’’ after ‘‘criminal records checks’’; and
(II) by striking ‘‘on whose behalf foster care
maintenance payments or adoption assistance pay-
ments are to be made’’ and inserting ‘‘regardless
of whether foster care maintenance payments or
adoption assistance payments are to be made on
behalf of the child’’; and
(ii) in each of clauses (i) and (ii), by inserting
‘‘involving a child on whose behalf such payments are
to be so made’’ after ‘‘in any case’’; and
(B) by adding at the end the following:
42 USC 16961.
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‘‘(C) provides that the State shall—
‘‘(i) check any child abuse and neglect registry main-
tained by the State for information on any prospective
foster or adoptive parent and on any other adult living
in the home of such a prospective parent, and request
any other State in which any such prospective parent or
other adult has resided in the preceding 5 years, to enable
the State to check any child abuse and neglect registry
maintained by such other State for such information, before
the prospective foster or adoptive parent may be finally
approved for placement of a child, regardless of whether
foster care maintenance payments or adoption assistance
payments are to be made on behalf of the child under
the State plan under this part;
‘‘(ii) comply with any request described in clause (i)
that is received from another State; and
‘‘(iii) have in place safeguards to prevent the unauthor-
ized disclosure of information in any child abuse and
neglect registry maintained by the State, and to prevent
any such information obtained pursuant to this subpara-
graph from being used for a purpose other than the con-
ducting of background checks in foster or adoptive place-
ment cases;’’.
(2) SUSPENSION OF OPT-OUT.—Section 471(a)(20)(B) of such
Act (42 U.S.C. 671(a)(20)(B)) is amended—
(A) by inserting ‘‘, on or before September 30, 2005,’’
after ‘‘plan if’’; and
(B) by inserting ‘‘, on or before such date,’’ after ‘‘or
if’’.
(b) ELIMINATION OF OPT-OUT.—Section 471(a)(20) of such Act
(42 U.S.C. 671(a)(20)), as amended by subsection (a) of this section,
is amended—
(1) in subparagraph (A), in the matter preceding clause
(i), by striking ‘‘unless an election provided for in subparagraph
(B) is made with respect to the State,’’; and
(2) by striking subparagraph (B) and redesignating
subparagraph (C) as subparagraph (B).
(c) EFFECTIVE DATE.—
(1) GENERAL.—The amendments made by subsection (a)
shall take effect on October 1, 2006, and shall apply with
respect to payments under part E of title IV of the Social
Security Act for calendar quarters beginning on or after such
date, without regard to whether regulations to implement the
amendments are promulgated by such date.
(2) ELIMINATION OF OPT-OUT.—The amendments made by
subsection (b) shall take effect on October 1, 2008, and shall
apply with respect to payments under part E of title IV of
the Social Security Act for calendar quarters beginning on
or after such date, without regard to whether regulations to
implement the amendments are promulgated by such date.
(3) DELAY PERMITTED IF STATE LEGISLATION REQUIRED.—
If the Secretary of Health and Human Services determines
that State legislation (other than legislation appropriating
funds) is required in order for a State plan under section
471 of the Social Security Act to meet the additional require-
ments imposed by the amendments made by a subsection of
this section, the plan shall not be regarded as failing to meet
42 USC 671 note.
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120 STAT. 610
PUBLIC LAW 109–248—JULY 27, 2006
any of the additional requirements before the first day of the
first calendar quarter beginning after the first regular session
of the State legislature that begins after the otherwise
applicable effective date of the amendments. If the State has
a 2-year legislative session, each year of the session is deemed
to be a separate regular session of the State legislature.
SEC. 153. SCHOOLS SAFE ACT.
(a) SHORT TITLE.—This section may be cited as the ‘‘Schools
Safely Acquiring Faculty Excellence Act of 2006’’.
(b) IN GENERAL.—The Attorney General of the United States
shall, upon request of the chief executive officer of a State, conduct
fingerprint-based checks of the national crime information data-
bases (as defined in section 534(f)(3)(A) of title 28, United States
Code as redesignated under subsection (e)) pursuant to a request
submitted by—
(1) a child welfare agency for the purpose of—
(A) conducting a background check required under sec-
tion 471(a)(20) of the Social Security Act on individuals
under consideration as prospective foster or adoptive par-
ents; or
(B) an investigation relating to an incident of abuse
or neglect of a minor; or
(2) a private or public elementary school, a private or
public secondary school, a local educational agency, or State
educational agency in that State, on individuals employed by,
under consideration for employment by, or otherwise in a posi-
tion in which the individual would work with or around children
in the school or agency.
(c) FINGERPRINT-BASED CHECK.—Where possible, the check
shall include a fingerprint-based check of State criminal history
databases.
(d) FEES.—The Attorney General and the States may charge
any applicable fees for the checks.
(e) PROTECTION
OF
INFORMATION.—An individual having
information derived as a result of a check under subsection (b)
may release that information only to appropriate officers of child
welfare agencies, public or private elementary or secondary schools,
or educational agencies or other persons authorized by law to receive
that information.
(f) CRIMINAL PENALTIES.—An individual who knowingly exceeds
the authority in subsection (b), or knowingly releases information
in violation of subsection (e), shall be imprisoned not more than
10 years or fined under title 18, United States Code, or both.
(g) CHILD WELFARE AGENCY DEFINED.—In this section, the
term ‘‘child welfare agency’’ means—
(1) the State or local agency responsible for administering
the plan under part B or part E of title IV of the Social
Security Act; and
(2) any other public agency, or any other private agency
under contract with the State or local agency responsible for
administering the plan under part B or part E of title IV
of the Social Security Act, that is responsible for the licensing
or approval of foster or adoptive parents.
(h) DEFINITION
OF EDUCATION TERMS.—In this section, the
terms ‘‘elementary school’’, ‘‘local educational agency’’, ‘‘secondary
school’’, and ‘‘State educational agency’’ have the meanings given
Schools Safely
Acquiring
Faculty
Excellence Act
of 2006.
42 USC 16962.
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PUBLIC LAW 109–248—JULY 27, 2006
to those terms in section 9101 of the Elementary and Secondary
Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 7801).
(i) TECHNICAL CORRECTION.—Section 534 of title 28, United
States Code, is amended by redesignating the second subsection
(e) as subsection (f).
SEC. 154. MISSING CHILD REPORTING REQUIREMENTS.
(a) IN GENERAL.—Section 3702 of the Crime Control Act of
1990 (42 U.S.C. 5780) is amended—
(1) by redesignating paragraphs (2) and (3) as paragraphs
(3) and (4), respectively;
(2) by inserting after paragraph (1) the following:
‘‘(2) ensure that no law enforcement agency within the
State establishes or maintains any policy that requires the
removal of a missing person entry from its State law enforce-
ment system or the National Crime Information Center com-
puter database based solely on the age of the person; and’’;
and
(3) in paragraph (3), as redesignated, by striking ‘‘imme-
diately’’ and inserting ‘‘within 2 hours of receipt’’.
(b) DEFINITIONS.—Section 403(1) of the Comprehensive Crime
Control Act of 1984 (42 U.S.C. 5772) is amended by striking ‘‘if’’
through subparagraph (B) and inserting a semicolon.
SEC. 155. DNA FINGERPRINTING.
The first sentence of section 3(a)(1)(A) of the DNA Analysis
Backlog Elimination Act of 2000 (42 U.S.C. 14135a(a)(1)(A)) is
amended by striking ‘‘arrested’’ and inserting ‘‘arrested, facing
charges, or convicted’’.
TITLE II—FEDERAL CRIMINAL LAW EN-
HANCEMENTS NEEDED TO PROTECT
CHILDREN FROM SEXUAL ATTACKS
AND OTHER VIOLENT CRIMES
SEC. 201. PROHIBITION ON INTERNET SALES OF DATE RAPE DRUGS.
Section 401 of the Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. 841)
is amended by adding at the end the following:
‘‘(g) INTERNET SALES OF DATE RAPE DRUGS.—
‘‘(1) Whoever knowingly uses the Internet to distribute
a date rape drug to any person, knowing or with reasonable
cause to believe that—
‘‘(A) the drug would be used in the commission of
criminal sexual conduct; or
‘‘(B) the person is not an authorized purchaser;
shall be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than
20 years, or both.
‘‘(2) As used in this subsection:
‘‘(A) The term ‘date rape drug’ means—
‘‘(i) gamma hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) or any con-
trolled substance analogue of GHB, including gamma
butyrolactone (GBL) or 1,4–butanediol;
‘‘(ii) ketamine;
‘‘(iii) flunitrazepam; or
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120 STAT. 612
PUBLIC LAW 109–248—JULY 27, 2006
‘‘(iv) any substance which the Attorney General
designates, pursuant to the rulemaking procedures pre-
scribed by section 553 of title 5, United States Code,
to be used in committing rape or sexual assault.
The Attorney General is authorized to remove any sub-
stance from the list of date rape drugs pursuant to the
same rulemaking authority.
‘‘(B) The term ‘authorized purchaser’ means any of
the following persons, provided such person has acquired
the controlled substance in accordance with this Act:
‘‘(i) A person with a valid prescription that is
issued for a legitimate medical purpose in the usual
course of professional practice that is based upon a
qualifying medical relationship by a practitioner reg-
istered by the Attorney General. A ‘qualifying medical
relationship’ means a medical relationship that exists
when the practitioner has conducted at least 1 medical
evaluation with the authorized purchaser in the phys-
ical presence of the practitioner, without regard to
whether portions of the evaluation are conducted by
other heath professionals. The preceding sentence shall
not be construed to imply that 1 medical evaluation
demonstrates that a prescription has been issued for
a legitimate medical purpose within the usual course
of professional practice.
‘‘(ii) Any practitioner or other registrant who is
otherwise authorized by their registration to dispense,
procure, purchase, manufacture, transfer, distribute,
import, or export the substance under this Act.
‘‘(iii) A person or entity providing documentation
that establishes the name, address, and business of
the person or entity and which provides a legitimate
purpose for using any ‘date rape drug’ for which a
prescription is not required.
‘‘(3) The Attorney General is authorized to promulgate regu-
lations for record-keeping and reporting by persons handling
1,4–butanediol in order to implement and enforce the provisions
of this section. Any record or report required by such regula-
tions shall be considered a record or report required under
this Act.’’.
SEC. 202. JETSETA GAGE ASSURED PUNISHMENT FOR VIOLENT
CRIMES AGAINST CHILDREN.
Section 3559 of title 18, United States Code, is amended—
(1) by redesignating subsection (f) as subsection (g); and
(2) by inserting after subsection (e) the following:
‘‘(f) MANDATORY MINIMUM TERMS OF IMPRISONMENT FOR VIO-
LENT CRIMES AGAINST CHILDREN.—A person who is convicted of
a Federal offense that is a crime of violence against the person
of an individual who has not attained the age of 18 years shall,
unless a greater mandatory minimum sentence of imprisonment
is otherwise provided by law and regardless of any maximum term
of imprisonment otherwise provided for the offense—
‘‘(1) if the crime of violence is murder, be imprisoned for
life or for any term of years not less than 30, except that
such person shall be punished by death or life imprisonment
Regulations.
Records.
Reports.
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PUBLIC LAW 109–248—JULY 27, 2006
if the circumstances satisfy any of subparagraphs (A) through
(D) of section 3591(a)(2) of this title;
‘‘(2) if the crime of violence is kidnapping (as defined in
section 1201) or maiming (as defined in section 114), be impris-
oned for life or any term of years not less than 25; and
‘‘(3) if the crime of violence results in serious bodily injury
(as defined in section 1365), or if a dangerous weapon was
used during and in relation to the crime of violence, be impris-
oned for life or for any term of years not less than 10.’’.
SEC. 203. PENALTIES FOR COERCION AND ENTICEMENT BY SEX
OFFENDERS.
Section 2422(b) of title 18, United States Code, is amended
by striking ‘‘not less than 5 years and not more than 30 years’’
and inserting ‘‘not less than 10 years or for life’’.
SEC. 204. PENALTIES FOR CONDUCT RELATING TO CHILD PROSTITU-
TION.
Section 2423(a) of title 18, United States Code, is amended
by striking ‘‘5 years and not more than 30 years’’ and inserting
‘‘10 years or for life’’.
SEC. 205. PENALTIES FOR SEXUAL ABUSE.
Section 2242 of title 18, United States Code, is amended by
striking ‘‘, imprisoned not more than 20 years, or both’’ and inserting
‘‘and imprisoned for any term of years or for life’’.
SEC. 206. INCREASED PENALTIES FOR SEXUAL OFFENSES AGAINST
CHILDREN.
(a) SEXUAL ABUSE AND CONTACT.—
(1) AGGRAVATED
SEXUAL
ABUSE
OF
CHILDREN.—Section
2241(c) of title 18, United States Code, is amended by striking
‘‘, imprisoned for any term of years or life, or both’’ and inserting
‘‘and imprisoned for not less than 30 years or for life’’.
(2) ABUSIVE
SEXUAL
CONTACT
WITH
CHILDREN.—Section
2244 of chapter 109A of title 18, United States Code, is
amended—
(A) in subsection (a)—
(i) in paragraph (1), by inserting ‘‘subsection (a)
or (b) of’’ before ‘‘section 2241’’;
(ii) by striking ‘‘or’’ at the end of paragraph (3);
(iii) by striking the period at the end of paragraph
(4) and inserting ‘‘; or’’; and
(iv) by inserting after paragraph (4) the following:
‘‘(5) subsection (c) of section 2241 of this title had the
sexual contact been a sexual act, shall be fined under this
title and imprisoned for any term of years or for life.’’; and
(B) in subsection (c), by inserting ‘‘(other than sub-
section (a)(5))’’ after ‘‘violates this section’’.
(3) SEXUAL ABUSE OF CHILDREN RESULTING IN DEATH.—
Section 2245 of title 18, United States Code, is amended to
read as follows:
‘‘§ 2245. Offenses resulting in death
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—A person who, in the course of an offense
under this chapter, or section 1591, 2251, 2251A, 2260, 2421, 2422,
2423, or 2425, murders an individual, shall be punished by death
or imprisoned for any term of years or for life.’’.
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120 STAT. 614
PUBLIC LAW 109–248—JULY 27, 2006
(4) 
DEATH
PENALTY
AGGRAVATING
FACTOR.—Section
3592(c)(1) of title 18, United States Code, is amended by
inserting ‘‘section 2245 (offenses resulting in death),’’ after
‘‘(wrecking trains),’’.
(b) SEXUAL EXPLOITATION AND OTHER ABUSE OF CHILDREN.—
(1) SEXUAL EXPLOITATION OF CHILDREN.—Section 2251(e)
of title 18, United States Code, is amended—
(A) by inserting ‘‘section 1591,’’ after ‘‘this chapter,’’
the first place it appears;
(B) by striking ‘‘the sexual exploitation of children’’
the first place it appears and inserting ‘‘aggravated sexual
abuse, sexual abuse, abusive sexual contact involving a
minor or ward, or sex trafficking of children, or the produc-
tion, possession, receipt, mailing, sale, distribution, ship-
ment, or transportation of child pornography’’; and
(C) by striking ‘‘any term of years or for life’’ and
inserting ‘‘not less than 30 years or for life’’.
(2) ACTIVITIES
RELATING
TO
MATERIAL
INVOLVING
THE
SEXUAL EXPLOITATION OF CHILDREN.—Section 2252(b) of title
18, United States Code, is amended in paragraph (1)—
(A) by striking ‘‘paragraphs (1)’’ and inserting ‘‘para-
graph (1)’’;
(B) by inserting ‘‘section 1591,’’ after ‘‘this chapter,’’;
and
(C) by inserting ‘‘, or sex trafficking of children’’ after
‘‘pornography’’.
(3) ACTIVITIES
RELATING
TO
MATERIAL
CONSTITUTING
OR
CONTAINING CHILD PORNOGRAPHY.—Section 2252A(b) of title 18,
United States Code, is amended in paragraph (1)—
(A) by inserting ‘‘section 1591,’’ after ‘‘this chapter,’’;
and
(B) by inserting ‘‘, or sex trafficking of children’’ after
‘‘pornography’’.
(4) USING MISLEADING DOMAIN NAMES TO DIRECT CHILDREN
TO HARMFUL MATERIAL ON THE INTERNET.—Section 2252B(b)
of title 18, United States Code, is amended by striking ‘‘4’’
and inserting ‘‘10’’.
(5) EXTRATERRITORIAL
CHILD
PORNOGRAPHY
OFFENSES.—
Section 2260(c) of title 18, United States Code, is amended
to read as follows:
‘‘(c) PENALTIES.—
‘‘(1) A person who violates subsection (a), or attempts or
conspires to do so, shall be subject to the penalties provided
in subsection (e) of section 2251 for a violation of that section,
including the penalties provided for such a violation by a person
with a prior conviction or convictions as described in that
subsection.
‘‘(2) A person who violates subsection (b), or attempts or
conspires to do so, shall be subject to the penalties provided
in subsection (b)(1) of section 2252 for a violation of paragraph
(1), (2), or (3) of subsection (a) of that section, including the
penalties provided for such a violation by a person with a
prior conviction or convictions as described in subsection (b)(1)
of section 2252.’’.
(c) MANDATORY LIFE IMPRISONMENT FOR CERTAIN REPEATED
SEX OFFENSES AGAINST CHILDREN.—Section 3559(e)(2)(A) of title
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18, United States Code, is amended by inserting ‘‘1591 (relating
to sex trafficking of children),’’ after ‘‘under section’’.
SEC. 207. SEXUAL ABUSE OF WARDS.
Chapter 109A of title 18, United States Code, is amended—
(1) in section 2243(b), by striking ‘‘five years’’ and inserting
‘‘15 years’’; and
(2) by inserting a comma after ‘‘Attorney General’’ each
place it appears.
SEC. 208. MANDATORY PENALTIES FOR SEX-TRAFFICKING OF CHIL-
DREN.
Section 1591(b) of title 18, United States Code, is amended—
(1) in paragraph (1)—
(A) by striking ‘‘or imprisonment’’ and inserting ‘‘and
imprisonment’’;
(B) by inserting ‘‘not less than 15’’ after ‘‘any term
of years’’; and
(C) by striking ‘‘, or both’’; and
(2) in paragraph (2)—
(A) by striking ‘‘or imprisonment for not more than
40 years, or both’’ and inserting ‘‘and imprisonment for
not less than 10 years or for life’’; and
(B) by striking ‘‘, or both’’.
SEC. 209. CHILD ABUSE REPORTING.
Section 2258 of title 18, United States Code, is amended by
striking ‘‘guilty of a Class B misdemeanor’’ and inserting ‘‘fined
under this title or imprisoned not more than 1 year or both’’.
SEC. 210. SEX OFFENDER SUBMISSION TO SEARCH AS CONDITION OF
RELEASE.
(a) CONDITIONS
OF PROBATION.—Section 3563(b) of title 18,
United States Code, is amended—
(1) in paragraph (21), by striking ‘‘or’’ ;
(2) in paragraph (22) by striking the period at the end
and inserting ‘‘or;’’ and
(3) by inserting after paragraph (22) the following:
‘‘(23) if required to register under the Sex Offender Reg-
istration and Notification Act, submit his person, and any prop-
erty, house, residence, vehicle, papers, computer, other elec-
tronic communication or data storage devices or media, and
effects to search at any time, with or without a warrant, by
any law enforcement or probation officer with reasonable sus-
picion concerning a violation of a condition of probation or
unlawful conduct by the person, and by any probation officer
in the lawful discharge of the officer’s supervision functions.’’.
(b) SUPERVISED RELEASE.—Section 3583(d) of title 18, United
States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following: ‘‘The
court may order, as an explicit condition of supervised release
for a person who is a felon and required to register under the
Sex Offender Registration and Notification Act, that the person
submit his person, and any property, house, residence, vehicle,
papers, computer, other electronic communications or data storage
devices or media, and effects to search at any time, with or without
a warrant, by any law enforcement or probation officer with reason-
able suspicion concerning a violation of a condition of supervised
18 USC
2241–2244.
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release or unlawful conduct by the person, and by any probation
officer in the lawful discharge of the officer’s supervision functions.’’.
SEC. 211. NO LIMITATION FOR PROSECUTION OF FELONY SEX
OFFENSES.
Chapter 213 of title 18, United States Code, is amended—
(1) by adding at the end the following:
‘‘§ 3299. Child abduction and sex offenses
‘‘Notwithstanding any other law, an indictment may be found
or an information instituted at any time without limitation for
any offense under section 1201 involving a minor victim, and for
any felony under chapter 109A, 110 (except for section 2257 and
2257A), or 117, or section 1591.’’; and
(2) by adding at the end of the table of sections at the
beginning of the chapter the following new item:
‘‘3299. Child abduction and sex offenses’’.
SEC. 212. VICTIMS’ RIGHTS ASSOCIATED WITH HABEAS CORPUS PRO-
CEEDINGS.
Section 3771(b) of title 18, United States Code, is amended—
(1) by striking ‘‘In any court proceeding’’ and inserting
the following:
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—In any court proceeding’’; and
(2) by adding at the end the following:
‘‘(2) HABEAS CORPUS PROCEEDINGS.—
‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—In a Federal habeas corpus pro-
ceeding arising out of a State conviction, the court shall
ensure that a crime victim is afforded the rights described
in paragraphs (3), (4), (7), and (8) of subsection (a).
‘‘(B) ENFORCEMENT.—
‘‘(i) IN GENERAL.—These rights may be enforced
by the crime victim or the crime victim’s lawful rep-
resentative in the manner described in paragraphs
(1) and (3) of subsection (d).
‘‘(ii) MULTIPLE VICTIMS.—In a case involving mul-
tiple victims, subsection (d)(2) shall also apply.
‘‘(C) LIMITATION.—This paragraph relates to the duties
of a court in relation to the rights of a crime victim in
Federal habeas corpus proceedings arising out of a State
conviction, and does not give rise to any obligation or
requirement applicable to personnel of any agency of the
Executive Branch of the Federal Government.
‘‘(D) DEFINITION.—For purposes of this paragraph, the
term ‘crime victim’ means the person against whom the
State offense is committed or, if that person is killed or
incapacitated, that person’s family member or other lawful
representative.’’.
SEC. 213. KIDNAPPING JURISDICTION.
Section 1201 of title 18, United States Code, is amended—
(1) in subsection (a)(1), by striking ‘‘if the person was
alive when the transportation began’’ and inserting ‘‘, or the
offender travels in interstate or foreign commerce or uses the
mail or any means, facility, or instrumentality of interstate
or foreign commerce in committing or in furtherance of the
commission of the offense’’; and
Applicability.
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(2) in subsection (b), by striking ‘‘to interstate’’ and
inserting ‘‘in interstate’’.
SEC. 214. MARITAL COMMUNICATION AND ADVERSE SPOUSAL PRIVI-
LEGE.
The Committee on Rules, Practice, Procedure, and Evidence
of the Judicial Conference of the United States shall study the
necessity and desirability of amending the Federal Rules of Evi-
dence to provide that the confidential marital communications privi-
lege and the adverse spousal privilege shall be inapplicable in
any Federal proceeding in which a spouse is charged with a crime
against—
(1) a child of either spouse; or
(2) a child under the custody or control of either spouse.
SEC. 215. ABUSE AND NEGLECT OF INDIAN CHILDREN.
Section 1153(a) of title 18, United States Code, is amended
by inserting ‘‘felony child abuse or neglect,’’ after ‘‘years,’’.
SEC. 216. IMPROVEMENTS TO THE BAIL REFORM ACT TO ADDRESS
SEX CRIMES AND OTHER MATTERS.
Section 3142 of title 18, United States Code, is amended—
(1) in subsection (c)(1)(B), by inserting at the end the
following: ‘‘In any case that involves a minor victim under
section 1201, 1591, 2241, 2242, 2244(a)(1), 2245, 2251, 2251A,
2252(a)(1), 2252(a)(2), 2252(a)(3), 2252A(a)(1), 2252A(a)(2),
2252A(a)(3), 2252A(a)(4), 2260, 2421, 2422, 2423, or 2425 of
this title, or a failure to register offense under section 2250
of this title, any release order shall contain, at a minimum,
a condition of electronic monitoring and each of the conditions
specified at subparagraphs (iv), (v), (vi), (vii), and (viii).’’.
(2) in subsection (f)(1)—
(A) in subparagraph (C), by striking ‘‘or’’ at the end;
and
(B) by adding at the end the following:
‘‘(E) any felony that is not otherwise a crime of violence
that involves a minor victim or that involves the possession
or use of a firearm or destructive device (as those terms
are defined in section 921), or any other dangerous weapon,
or involves a failure to register under section 2250 of title
18, United States Code; or’’; and
(3) in subsection (g), by striking paragraph (1) and inserting
the following:
‘‘(1) the nature and circumstances of the offense charged,
including whether the offense is a crime of violence, a Federal
crime of terrorism, or involves a minor victim or a controlled
substance, firearm, explosive, or destructive device;’’.
TITLE III—CIVIL COMMITMENT OF
DANGEROUS SEX OFFENDERS
SEC. 301. JIMMY RYCE STATE CIVIL COMMITMENT PROGRAMS FOR
SEXUALLY DANGEROUS PERSONS.
(a) GRANTS AUTHORIZED.—Except as provided in subsection
(b), the Attorney General shall make grants to jurisdictions for
42 USC 16971.
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the purpose of establishing, enhancing, or operating effective civil
commitment programs for sexually dangerous persons.
(b) LIMITATION.—The Attorney General shall not make any
grant under this section for the purpose of establishing, enhancing,
or operating any transitional housing for a sexually dangerous
person in or near a location where minors or other vulnerable
persons are likely to come into contact with that person.
(c) ELIGIBILITY.—
(1) IN GENERAL.—To be eligible to receive a grant under
this section, a jurisdiction shall, before the expiration of the
compliance period—
(A) have established a civil commitment program for
sexually dangerous persons that is consistent with guide-
lines issued by the Attorney General; or
(B) submit a plan for the establishment of such a
program.
(2) COMPLIANCE PERIOD.—The compliance period referred
to in paragraph (1) expires on the date that is 2 years after
the date of the enactment of this Act. However, the Attorney
General may, on a case-by-case basis, extend the compliance
period that applies to a jurisdiction if the Attorney General
considers such an extension to be appropriate.
(3) RELEASE NOTICE.—
(A) Each civil commitment program for which funding
is required under this section shall require the issuance
of timely notice to a State official responsible for consid-
ering whether to pursue civil commitment proceedings upon
the impending release of any person incarcerated by the
State who—
(i) has been convicted of a sexually violent offense;
or
(ii) has been deemed by the State to be at high
risk for recommitting any sexual offense against a
minor.
(B) The program shall further require that upon
receiving notice under subparagraph (A), the State official
shall consider whether or not to pursue a civil commitment
proceeding, or any equivalent proceeding required under
State law.
(d) ATTORNEY GENERAL REPORTS.—Not later than January 31
of each year, beginning with 2008, the Attorney General shall
submit to the Committee on the Judiciary of the Senate and the
Committee on the Judiciary of the House of Representatives a
report on the progress of jurisdictions in implementing this section
and the rate of sexually violent offenses for each jurisdiction.
(e) DEFINITIONS.—As used in this section:
(1) The term ‘‘civil commitment program’’ means a program
that involves—
(A) secure civil confinement, including appropriate con-
trol, care, and treatment during such confinement; and
(B) appropriate supervision, care, and treatment for
individuals released following such confinement.
(2) The term ‘‘sexually dangerous person’’ means a person
suffering from a serious mental illness, abnormality, or dis-
order, as a result of which the individual would have serious
difficulty in refraining from sexually violent conduct or child
molestation.
Expiration date.
Extension.
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(3) The term ‘‘jurisdiction’’ has the meaning given such
term in section 111.
(f) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There are authorized
to be appropriated to carry out this section $10,000,000 for each
of fiscal years 2007 through 2010.
SEC. 302. JIMMY RYCE CIVIL COMMITMENT PROGRAM.
Chapter 313 of title 18, United States Code, is amended—
(1) in the chapter analysis—
(A) in the item relating to section 4241, by inserting
‘‘or to undergo postrelease proceedings’’ after ‘‘trial’’; and
(B) by inserting at the end the following:
‘‘4248. Civil commitment of a sexually dangerous person’’;
(2) in section 4241—
(A) in the heading, by inserting or ‘‘TO
UNDERGO
POSTRELEASE PROCEEDINGS’’ after ‘‘TRIAL’’;
(B) in the first sentence of subsection (a), by inserting
‘‘or at any time after the commencement of probation or
supervised release and prior to the completion of the sen-
tence,’’ after ‘‘defendant,’’;
(C) in subsection (d)—
(i) by striking ‘‘trial to proceed’’ each place it
appears and inserting ‘‘proceedings to go forward’’; and
(ii) by striking ‘‘section 4246’’ and inserting ‘‘sec-
tions 4246 and 4248’’; and
(D) in subsection (e)—
(i) by inserting ‘‘or other proceedings’’ after ‘‘trial’’;
and
(ii) by striking ‘‘chapter 207’’ and inserting ‘‘chap-
ters 207 and 227’’;
(3) in section 4247—
(A) by striking ‘‘, or 4246’’ each place it appears and
inserting ‘‘, 4246, or 4248’’;
(B) in subsections (g) and (i), by striking ‘‘4243 or
4246’’ each place it appears and inserting ‘‘4243, 4246,
or 4248’’;
(C) in subsection (a)—
(i) by amending subparagraph (1)(C) to read as
follows:
‘‘(C) drug, alcohol, and sex offender treatment pro-
grams, and other treatment programs that will assist the
individual in overcoming a psychological or physical
dependence or any condition that makes the individual
dangerous to others; and’’;
(ii) in paragraph (2), by striking ‘‘and’’ at the end;
(iii) in paragraph (3), by striking the period at
the end and inserting a semicolon; and
(iv) by inserting at the end the following:
‘‘(4) ‘bodily injury’ includes sexual abuse;
‘‘(5) ‘sexually dangerous person’ means a person who has
engaged or attempted to engage in sexually violent conduct
or child molestation and who is sexually dangerous to others;
and
‘‘(6) ‘sexually dangerous to others’ with respect a person,
means that the person suffers from a serious mental illness,
abnormality, or disorder as a result of which he would have
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serious difficulty in refraining from sexually violent conduct
or child molestation if released.’’;
(D) in subsection (b), by striking ‘‘4245 or 4246’’ and
inserting ‘‘4245, 4246, or 4248’’;
(E) in subsection (c)(4)—
(i) by redesignating subparagraphs (D) and (E)
as subparagraphs (E) and (F) respectively; and
(ii) by inserting after subparagraph (C) the fol-
lowing:
‘‘(D) if the examination is ordered under section 4248,
whether the person is a sexually dangerous person;’’; and
(F) in subsections (e) and (h)—
(i) by striking ‘‘hospitalized’’ each place it appears
and inserting ‘‘committed’’; and
(ii) by striking ‘‘hospitalization’’ each place it
appears and inserting ‘‘commitment’’ ; and
(4) by inserting at the end the following:
‘‘§ 4248. Civil commitment of a sexually dangerous person
‘‘(a) INSTITUTION
OF PROCEEDINGS.—In relation to a person
who is in the custody of the Bureau of Prisons, or who has been
committed to the custody of the Attorney General pursuant to
section 4241(d), or against whom all criminal charges have been
dismissed solely for reasons relating to the mental condition of
the person, the Attorney General or any individual authorized by
the Attorney General or the Director of the Bureau of Prisons
may certify that the person is a sexually dangerous person, and
transmit the certificate to the clerk of the court for the district
in which the person is confined. The clerk shall send a copy of
the certificate to the person, and to the attorney for the Government,
and, if the person was committed pursuant to section 4241(d),
to the clerk of the court that ordered the commitment. The court
shall order a hearing to determine whether the person is a sexually
dangerous person. A certificate filed under this subsection shall
stay the release of the person pending completion of procedures
contained in this section.
‘‘(b) 
PSYCHIATRIC
OR
PSYCHOLOGICAL
EXAMINATION
AND
REPORT.—Prior to the date of the hearing, the court may order
that a psychiatric or psychological examination of the defendant
be conducted, and that a psychiatric or psychological report be
filed with the court, pursuant to the provisions of section 4247(b)
and (c).
‘‘(c) HEARING.—The hearing shall be conducted pursuant to
the provisions of section 4247(d).
‘‘(d) DETERMINATION AND DISPOSITION.—If, after the hearing,
the court finds by clear and convincing evidence that the person
is a sexually dangerous person, the court shall commit the person
to the custody of the Attorney General. The Attorney General
shall release the person to the appropriate official of the State
in which the person is domiciled or was tried if such State will
assume responsibility for his custody, care, and treatment. The
Attorney General shall make all reasonable efforts to cause such
a State to assume such responsibility. If, notwithstanding such
efforts, neither such State will assume such responsibility, the
Attorney General shall place the person for treatment in a suitable
facility, until—
‘‘(1) such a State will assume such responsibility; or
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‘‘(2) the person’s condition is such that he is no longer
sexually dangerous to others, or will not be sexually dangerous
to others if released under a prescribed regimen of medical,
psychiatric, or psychological care or treatment;
whichever is earlier.
‘‘(e) DISCHARGE.—When the Director of the facility in which
a person is placed pursuant to subsection (d) determines that the
person’s condition is such that he is no longer sexually dangerous
to others, or will not be sexually dangerous to others if released
under a prescribed regimen of medical, psychiatric, or psychological
care or treatment, he shall promptly file a certificate to that effect
with the clerk of the court that ordered the commitment. The
clerk shall send a copy of the certificate to the person’s counsel
and to the attorney for the Government. The court shall order
the discharge of the person or, on motion of the attorney for the
Government or on its own motion, shall hold a hearing, conducted
pursuant to the provisions of section 4247(d), to determine whether
he should be released. If, after the hearing, the court finds by
a preponderance of the evidence that the person’s condition is
such that—
‘‘(1) he will not be sexually dangerous to others if released
unconditionally, the court shall order that he be immediately
discharged; or
‘‘(2) he will not be sexually dangerous to others if released
under a prescribed regimen of medical, psychiatric, or psycho-
logical care or treatment, the court shall—
‘‘(A) order that he be conditionally discharged under
a prescribed regimen of medical, psychiatric, or psycho-
logical care or treatment that has been prepared for him,
that has been certified to the court as appropriate by
the Director of the facility in which he is committed, and
that has been found by the court to be appropriate; and
‘‘(B) order, as an explicit condition of release, that
he comply with the prescribed regimen of medical, psy-
chiatric, or psychological care or treatment.
The court at any time may, after a hearing employing the
same criteria, modify or eliminate the regimen of medical,
psychiatric, or psychological care or treatment.
‘‘(f) REVOCATION OF CONDITIONAL DISCHARGE.—The director of
a facility responsible for administering a regimen imposed on a
person conditionally discharged under subsection (e) shall notify
the Attorney General and the court having jurisdiction over the
person of any failure of the person to comply with the regimen.
Upon such notice, or upon other probable cause to believe that
the person has failed to comply with the prescribed regimen of
medical, psychiatric, or psychological care or treatment, the person
may be arrested, and, upon arrest, shall be taken without unneces-
sary delay before the court having jurisdiction over him. The court
shall, after a hearing, determine whether the person should be
remanded to a suitable facility on the ground that he is sexually
dangerous to others in light of his failure to comply with the
prescribed regimen of medical, psychiatric, or psychological care
or treatment.
‘‘(g) RELEASE TO STATE OF CERTAIN OTHER PERSONS.—If the
director of the facility in which a person is hospitalized or placed
pursuant to this chapter certifies to the Attorney General that
a person, against whom all charges have been dismissed for reasons
Courts.
Notification.
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not related to the mental condition of the person, is a sexually
dangerous person, the Attorney General shall release the person
to the appropriate official of the State in which the person is
domiciled or was tried for the purpose of institution of State pro-
ceedings for civil commitment. If neither such State will assume
such responsibility, the Attorney General shall release the person
upon receipt of notice from the State that it will not assume such
responsibility, but not later than 10 days after certification by
the director of the facility.’’.
TITLE IV—IMMIGRATION LAW REFORMS
TO PREVENT SEX OFFENDERS FROM
ABUSING CHILDREN
SEC. 401. FAILURE TO REGISTER A DEPORTABLE OFFENSE.
Section 237(a)(2)(A) of the Immigration and Nationality Act
(8 U.S.C. 1227(a)(2)(A)) is amended—
(1) by redesignating clause (v) as clause (vi); and
(2) by inserting after clause (iv) the following new clause:
‘‘(v) FAILURE TO REGISTER AS A SEX OFFENDER.—
Any alien who is convicted under section 2250 of title
18, United States Code, is deportable.’’.
SEC. 402. BARRING CONVICTED SEX OFFENDERS FROM HAVING
FAMILY-BASED PETITIONS APPROVED.
(a) IMMIGRANT FAMILY MEMBERS.—Section 204(a)(1) of the
Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1154(a)(1)), is amended—
(1) in subparagraph (A)(i), by striking ‘‘Any’’ and inserting
‘‘Except as provided in clause (viii), any’’;
(2) in subparagraph (A), by inserting after clause (vii) the
following:
‘‘(viii)(I) Clause (i) shall not apply to a citizen
of the United States who has been convicted of a speci-
fied offense against a minor, unless the Secretary of
Homeland Security, in the Secretary’s sole and
unreviewable discretion, determines that the citizen
poses no risk to the alien with respect to whom a
petition described in clause (i) is filed.
‘‘(II) For purposes of subclause (I), the term ‘speci-
fied offense against a minor’ is defined as in section
111 of the Adam Walsh Child Protection and Safety
Act of 2006.’’; and
(3) in subparagraph (B)(i)—
(A) by striking ‘‘(B)(i) Any alien’’ and inserting the
following: ‘‘(B)(i)(I) Except as provided in subclause (II),
any alien’’; and
(B) by adding at the end the following:
‘‘(I) Subclause (I) shall not apply in the case
of an alien lawfully admitted for permanent resi-
dence who has been convicted of a specified offense
against a minor (as defined in subparagraph
(A)(viii)(II)), unless the Secretary of Homeland
Security, in the Secretary’s sole and unreviewable
discretion, determines that such person poses no
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risk to the alien with respect to whom a petition
described in subclause (I) is filed.’’.
(b) 
NONIMMIGRANTS.—Section 
101(a)(15)(K) 
(8 
U.S.C.
1101(a)(15)(K)), is amended by inserting ‘‘(other than a citizen
described in section 204(a)(1)(A)(viii)(I))’’ after ‘‘citizen of the United
States’’ each place that phrase appears.
TITLE V—CHILD PORNOGRAPHY
PREVENTION
SEC. 501. FINDINGS.
Congress makes the following findings:
(1) The effect of the intrastate production, transportation,
distribution, receipt, advertising, and possession of child
pornography on the interstate market in child pornography:
(A) The illegal production, transportation, distribution,
receipt, advertising and possession of child pornography,
as defined in section 2256(8) of title 18, United States
Code, as well as the transfer of custody of children for
the production of child pornography, is harmful to the
physiological, emotional, and mental health of the children
depicted in child pornography and has a substantial and
detrimental effect on society as a whole.
(B) A substantial interstate market in child pornog-
raphy exists, including not only a multimillion dollar
industry, but also a nationwide network of individuals
openly advertising their desire to exploit children and to
traffic in child pornography. Many of these individuals
distribute child pornography with the expectation of
receiving other child pornography in return.
(C) The interstate market in child pornography is car-
ried on to a substantial extent through the mails and
other instrumentalities of interstate and foreign commerce,
such as the Internet. The advent of the Internet has greatly
increased the ease of transporting, distributing, receiving,
and advertising child pornography in interstate commerce.
The advent of digital cameras and digital video cameras,
as well as videotape cameras, has greatly increased the
ease of producing child pornography. The advent of
inexpensive computer equipment with the capacity to store
large numbers of digital images of child pornography has
greatly increased the ease of possessing child pornography.
Taken together, these technological advances have had the
unfortunate result of greatly increasing the interstate
market in child pornography.
(D) Intrastate incidents of production, transportation,
distribution, receipt, advertising, and possession of child
pornography, as well as the transfer of custody of children
for the production of child pornography, have a substantial
and direct effect upon interstate commerce because:
(i) Some persons engaged in the production,
transportation, distribution, receipt, advertising, and
possession of child pornography conduct such activities
entirely within the boundaries of one state. These per-
sons are unlikely to be content with the amount of
child pornography they produce, transport, distribute,
18 USC 2251
note.
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receive, advertise, or possess. These persons are there-
fore likely to enter the interstate market in child
pornography in search of additional child pornography,
thereby stimulating demand in the interstate market
in child pornography.
(ii) When the persons described in subparagraph
(D)(i) enter the interstate market in search of addi-
tional child pornography, they are likely to distribute
the child pornography they already produce, transport,
distribute, receive, advertise, or possess to persons who
will distribute additional child pornography to them,
thereby stimulating supply in the interstate market
in child pornography.
(iii) Much of the child pornography that supplies
the interstate market in child pornography is produced
entirely within the boundaries of one state, is not
traceable, and enters the interstate market surrep-
titiously. This child pornography supports demand in
the interstate market in child pornography and is
essential to its existence.
(E) Prohibiting the intrastate production, transpor-
tation, distribution, receipt, advertising, and possession of
child pornography, as well as the intrastate transfer of
custody of children for the production of child pornography,
will cause some persons engaged in such intrastate activi-
ties to cease all such activities, thereby reducing both
supply and demand in the interstate market for child
pornography.
(F) Federal control of the intrastate incidents of the
production, transportation, distribution, receipt, adver-
tising, and possession of child pornography, as well as
the intrastate transfer of children for the production of
child pornography, is essential to the effective control of
the interstate market in child pornography.
(2) The importance of protecting children from repeat
exploitation in child pornography:
(A) The vast majority of child pornography prosecutions
today involve images contained on computer hard drives,
computer disks, and related media.
(B) Child pornography is not entitled to protection
under the First Amendment and thus may be prohibited.
(C) The government has a compelling State interest
in protecting children from those who sexually exploit them,
and this interest extends to stamping out the vice of child
pornography at all levels in the distribution chain.
(D) Every instance of viewing images of child pornog-
raphy represents a renewed violation of the privacy of
the victims and a repetition of their abuse.
(E) Child pornography constitutes prima facie contra-
band, and as such should not be distributed to, or copied
by, child pornography defendants or their attorneys.
(F) It is imperative to prohibit the reproduction of
child pornography in criminal cases so as to avoid repeated
violation and abuse of victims, so long as the government
makes reasonable accommodations for the inspection,
viewing, and examination of such material for the purposes
of mounting a criminal defense.
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PUBLIC LAW 109–248—JULY 27, 2006
SEC. 502. OTHER RECORD KEEPING REQUIREMENTS.
(a) IN GENERAL.—Section 2257 of title 18, United States Code,
is amended—
(1) in subsection (a), by inserting after ‘‘videotape,’’ the
following: ‘‘digital image, digitally- or computer-manipulated
image of an actual human being, picture,’’;
(2) in subsection (e)(1), by adding at the end the following:
‘‘In this paragraph, the term ‘copy’ includes every page of
a website on which matter described in subsection (a) appears.’’;
(3) in subsection (f), by—
(A) in paragraph (3), by striking ‘‘and’’ after the semi-
colon;
(B) in paragraph (4), by striking the period and
inserting ‘‘; and’’; and
(C) by adding at the end the following:
‘‘(5) for any person to whom subsection (a) applies to refuse
to permit the Attorney General or his or her designee to conduct
an inspection under subsection (c).’’; and
(4) by striking subsection (h) and inserting the following:
‘‘(h) In this section—
‘‘(1) the term ‘actual sexually explicit conduct’ means actual
but not simulated conduct as defined in clauses (i) through
(v) of section 2256(2)(A) of this title;
‘‘(2) the term ‘produces’—
‘‘(A) means—
‘‘(i) actually filming, videotaping, photographing,
creating a picture, digital image, or digitally- or com-
puter-manipulated image of an actual human being;
‘‘(ii) digitizing an image, of a visual depiction of
sexually explicit conduct; or, assembling, manufac-
turing, 
publishing, 
duplicating, 
reproducing, 
or
reissuing a book, magazine, periodical, film, videotape,
digital image, or picture, or other matter intended
for commercial distribution, that contains a visual
depiction of sexually explicit conduct; or
‘‘(iii) inserting on a computer site or service a
digital image of, or otherwise managing the sexually
explicit content, of a computer site or service that
contains a visual depiction of, sexually explicit conduct;
and
‘‘(B) does not include activities that are limited to—
‘‘(i) photo or film processing, including digitization
of previously existing visual depictions, as part of a
commercial enterprise, with no other commercial
interest in the sexually explicit material, printing, and
video duplication;
‘‘(ii) distribution;
‘‘(iii) any activity, other than those activities identi-
fied in subparagraph (A), that does not involve the
hiring, 
contracting 
for, 
managing, 
or 
otherwise
arranging for the participation of the depicted per-
formers;
‘‘(iv) the provision of a telecommunications service,
or of an Internet access service or Internet information
location tool (as those terms are defined in section
231 of the Communications Act of 1934 (47 U.S.C.
231)); or
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120 STAT. 626
PUBLIC LAW 109–248—JULY 27, 2006
‘‘(v) the transmission, storage, retrieval, hosting,
formatting, or translation (or any combination thereof)
of a communication, without selection or alteration
of the content of the communication, except that dele-
tion of a particular communication or material made
by another person in a manner consistent with section
230(c) of the Communications Act of 1934 (47 U.S.C.
230(c)) shall not constitute such selection or alteration
of the content of the communication; and
‘‘(3) the term ‘performer’ includes any person portrayed
in a visual depiction engaging in, or assisting another person
to engage in, sexually explicit conduct.’’.
(b) CONSTRUCTION.—The provisions of section 2257 shall not
apply to any depiction of actual sexually explicit conduct as
described in clause (v) of section 2256(2)(A) of title 18, United
States Code, produced in whole or in part, prior to the effective
date of this section unless that depiction also includes actual sexu-
ally explicit conduct as described in clauses (i) through (iv) of
section 2256(2)(A) of title 18, United States Code.
SEC. 503. RECORD KEEPING REQUIREMENTS FOR SIMULATED SEXUAL
CONDUCT.
(a) IN GENERAL.—Chapter 110 of title 18, United States Code,
is amended by inserting after section 2257 the following:
‘‘SEC. 2257A. RECORD KEEPING REQUIREMENTS FOR SIMULATED
SEXUAL CONDUCT.
‘‘(a) Whoever produces any book, magazine, periodical, film,
videotape, digital image, digitally- or computer-manipulated image
of an actual human being, picture, or other matter that—
‘‘(1) contains 1 or more visual depictions of simulated sexu-
ally explicit conduct; and
‘‘(2) is produced in whole or in part with materials which
have been mailed or shipped in interstate or foreign commerce,
or is shipped or transported or is intended for shipment or
transportation in interstate or foreign commerce;
shall create and maintain individually identifiable records per-
taining to every performer portrayed in such a visual depiction.
‘‘(b) Any person to whom subsection (a) applies shall, with
respect to every performer portrayed in a visual depiction of simu-
lated sexually explicit conduct—
‘‘(1) ascertain, by examination of an identification document
containing such information, the performer’s name and date
of birth, and require the performer to provide such other indicia
of his or her identity as may be prescribed by regulations;
‘‘(2) ascertain any name, other than the performer’s present
and correct name, ever used by the performer including maiden
name, alias, nickname, stage, or professional name; and
‘‘(3) record in the records required by subsection (a) the
information required by paragraphs (1) and (2) and such other
identifying information as may be prescribed by regulation.
‘‘(c) Any person to whom subsection (a) applies shall maintain
the records required by this section at their business premises,
or at such other place as the Attorney General may by regulation
prescribe and shall make such records available to the Attorney
General for inspection at all reasonable times.
‘‘(d)(1) No information or evidence obtained from records
required to be created or maintained by this section shall, except
18 USC 2257
note.
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120 STAT. 627
PUBLIC LAW 109–248—JULY 27, 2006
as provided in this section, directly or indirectly, be used as evidence
against any person with respect to any violation of law.
‘‘(2) Paragraph (1) shall not preclude the use of such information
or evidence in a prosecution or other action for a violation of
this chapter or chapter 71, or for a violation of any applicable
provision of law with respect to the furnishing of false information.
‘‘(e)(1) Any person to whom subsection (a) applies shall cause
to be affixed to every copy of any matter described in subsection
(a)(1) in such manner and in such form as the Attorney General
shall by regulations prescribe, a statement describing where the
records required by this section with respect to all performers
depicted in that copy of the matter may be located. In this para-
graph, the term ‘copy’ includes every page of a website on which
matter described in subsection (a) appears.
‘‘(2) If the person to whom subsection (a) applies is an organiza-
tion the statement required by this subsection shall include the
name, title, and business address of the individual employed by
such organization responsible for maintaining the records required
by this section.
‘‘(f) It shall be unlawful—
‘‘(1) for any person to whom subsection (a) applies to fail
to create or maintain the records as required by subsections
(a) and (c) or by any regulation promulgated under this section;
‘‘(2) for any person to whom subsection (a) applies know-
ingly to make any false entry in or knowingly to fail to make
an appropriate entry in, any record required by subsection
(b) or any regulation promulgated under this section;
‘‘(3) for any person to whom subsection (a) applies know-
ingly to fail to comply with the provisions of subsection (e)
or any regulation promulgated pursuant to that subsection;
or
‘‘(4) for any person knowingly to sell or otherwise transfer,
or offer for sale or transfer, any book, magazine, periodical,
film, video, or other matter, produced in whole or in part
with materials which have been mailed or shipped in interstate
or foreign commerce or which is intended for shipment in
interstate or foreign commerce, that—
‘‘(A) contains 1 or more visual depictions made after
the date of enactment of this subsection of simulated sexu-
ally explicit conduct; and
‘‘(B) is produced in whole or in part with materials
which have been mailed or shipped in interstate or foreign
commerce, or is shipped or transported or is intended for
shipment or transportation in interstate or foreign com-
merce;
which does not have affixed thereto, in a manner prescribed
as set forth in subsection (e)(1), a statement describing where
the records required by this section may be located, but such
person shall have no duty to determine the accuracy of the
contents of the statement or the records required to be kept.
‘‘(5) for any person to whom subsection (a) applies to refuse
to permit the Attorney General or his or her designee to conduct
an inspection under subsection (c).
‘‘(g) As used in this section, the terms ‘produces’ and ‘performer’
have the same meaning as in section 2257(h) of this title.
‘‘(h)(1) The provisions of this section and section 2257 shall
not apply to matter, or any image therein, containing one or more
Regulations.
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PUBLIC LAW 109–248—JULY 27, 2006
visual depictions of simulated sexually explicit conduct, or actual
sexually explicit conduct as described in clause (v) of section
2256(2)(A), if such matter—
‘‘(A)(i) is intended for commercial distribution;
‘‘(ii) is created as a part of a commercial enterprise by
a person who certifies to the Attorney General that such person
regularly and in the normal course of business collects and
maintains individually identifiable information regarding all
performers, including minor performers, employed by that per-
son, pursuant to Federal and State tax, labor, and other laws,
labor agreements, or otherwise pursuant to industry standards,
where such information includes the name, address, and date
of birth of the performer; and
‘‘(iii) is not produced, marketed or made available by the
person described in clause (ii) to another in circumstances
such than an ordinary person would conclude that the matter
contains a visual depiction that is child pornography as defined
in section 2256(8); or
‘‘(B)(i) is subject to the authority and regulation of the
Federal Communications Commission acting in its capacity to
enforce section 1464 of this title, regarding the broadcast of
obscene, indecent or profane programming; and
‘‘(ii) is created as a part of a commercial enterprise by
a person who certifies to the Attorney General that such person
regularly and in the normal course of business collects and
maintains individually identifiable information regarding all
performers, including minor performers, employed by that per-
son, pursuant to Federal and State tax, labor, and other laws,
labor agreements, or otherwise pursuant to industry standards,
where such information includes the name, address, and date
of birth of the performer.
‘‘(2) Nothing in subparagraphs (A) and (B) of paragraph (1)
shall be construed to exempt any matter that contains any visual
depiction that is child pornography, as defined in section 2256(8),
or is actual sexually explicit conduct within the definitions in
clauses (i) through (iv) of section 2256(2)(A).
‘‘(i)(1) Whoever violates this section shall be imprisoned for
not more than 1 year, and fined in accordance with the provisions
of this title, or both.
‘‘(2) Whoever violates this section in an effort to conceal a
substantive offense involving the causing, transporting, permitting
or offering or seeking by notice or advertisement, a minor to engage
in sexually explicit conduct for the purpose of producing a visual
depiction of such conduct in violation of this title, or to conceal
a substantive offense that involved trafficking in material involving
the sexual exploitation of a minor, including receiving, transporting,
advertising, or possessing material involving the sexual exploitation
of a minor with intent to traffic, in violation of this title, shall
be imprisoned for not more than 5 years and fined in accordance
with the provisions of this title, or both.
‘‘(3) Whoever violates paragraph (2) after having been pre-
viously convicted of a violation punishable under that paragraph
shall be imprisoned for any period of years not more than 10
years but not less than 2 years, and fined in accordance with
the provisions of this title, or both.
‘‘The provisions of this section shall not become effective until
90 days after the final regulations implementing this section are
Effective date.
Federal Register,
publication.
Penalties.
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120 STAT. 629
PUBLIC LAW 109–248—JULY 27, 2006
published in the Federal Register. The provisions of this section
shall not apply to any matter, or image therein, produced, in whole
or in part, prior to the effective date of this section.
‘‘(k) On an annual basis, the Attorney General shall submit
a report to Congress—
‘‘(1) concerning the enforcement of this section and section
2257 by the Department of Justice during the previous 12-
month period; and
‘‘(2) including—
‘‘(A) the number of inspections undertaken pursuant
to this section and section 2257;
‘‘(B) the number of open investigations pursuant to
this section and section 2257;
‘‘(C) the number of cases in which a person has been
charged with a violation of this section and section 2257;
and
‘‘(D) for each case listed in response to subparagraph
(C), the name of the lead defendant, the federal district
in which the case was brought, the court tracking number,
and a synopsis of the violation and its disposition, if any,
including settlements, sentences, recoveries and penalties.’’.
(b) CHAPTER ANALYSIS.—The chapter analysis for chapter 110
of title 18, United States Code, is amended by inserting after
the item for section 2257 the following:
‘‘2257A. Recordkeeping requirements for simulated sexual conduct.’’.
SEC. 504. PREVENTION OF DISTRIBUTION OF CHILD PORNOGRAPHY
USED AS EVIDENCE IN PROSECUTIONS.
Section 3509 of title 18, United States Code, is amended by
adding at the end the following:
‘‘(m) PROHIBITION ON REPRODUCTION OF CHILD PORNOGRAPHY.—
‘‘(1) In any criminal proceeding, any property or material
that constitutes child pornography (as defined by section 2256
of this title) shall remain in the care, custody, and control
of either the Government or the court.
‘‘(2)(A) Notwithstanding Rule 16 of the Federal Rules of
Criminal Procedure, a court shall deny, in any criminal pro-
ceeding, any request by the defendant to copy, photograph,
duplicate, or otherwise reproduce any property or material that
constitutes child pornography (as defined by section 2256 of
this title), so long as the Government makes the property
or material reasonably available to the defendant.
‘‘(B) For the purposes of subparagraph (A), property or
material shall be deemed to be reasonably available to the
defendant if the Government provides ample opportunity for
inspection, viewing, and examination at a Government facility
of the property or material by the defendant, his or her
attorney, and any individual the defendant may seek to qualify
to furnish expert testimony at trial.’’.
SEC. 505. AUTHORIZING CIVIL AND CRIMINAL ASSET FORFEITURE IN
CHILD EXPLOITATION AND OBSCENITY CASES.
(a) CONFORMING
FORFEITURE
PROCEDURES
FOR
OBSCENITY
OFFENSES.—Section 1467 of title 18, United States Code, is
amended—
(1) in subsection (a)(3), by inserting a period after ‘‘of
such offense’’ and striking all that follows; and
Deadline.
Reports.
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120 STAT. 630
PUBLIC LAW 109–248—JULY 27, 2006
(2) by striking subsections (b) through (n) and inserting
the following:
‘‘(b) The provisions of section 413 of the Controlled Substances
Act (21 U.S.C. 853), with the exception of subsections (a) and
(d), shall apply to the criminal forfeiture of property pursuant
to subsection (a).
‘‘(c) Any property subject to forfeiture pursuant to subsection
(a) may be forfeited to the United States in a civil case in accordance
with the procedures set forth in chapter 46 of this title.’’.
(b) PROPERTY SUBJECT
TO CRIMINAL FORFEITURE.—Section
2253(a) of title 18, United States Code, is amended—
(1) in the matter preceding paragraph (1)—
(A) by inserting ‘‘or who is convicted of an offense
under section 2252B of this chapter,’’ after ‘‘2260 of this
chapter’’; and
(B) by striking ‘‘an offense under section 2421, 2422,
or 2423 of chapter 117’’ and inserting ‘‘an offense under
chapter 109A’’;
(2) in paragraph (1), by inserting ‘‘2252A, 2252B, or 2260’’
after ‘‘2252’’; and
(3) in paragraph (3), by inserting ‘‘or any property traceable
to such property’’ before the period.
(c) CRIMINAL FORFEITURE PROCEDURE.—Section 2253 of title
18, United States Code, is amended by striking subsections (b)
through (o) and inserting the following:
‘‘(b) Section 413 of the Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C.
853) with the exception of subsections (a) and (d), applies to the
criminal forfeiture of property pursuant to subsection (a).’’.
(d) CIVIL FORFEITURE.—Section 2254 of title 18, United States
Code, is amended to read as follows:
‘‘§ 2254. Civil forfeiture
‘‘Any property subject to forfeiture pursuant to section 2253
may be forfeited to the United States in a civil case in accordance
with the procedures set forth in chapter 46.’’.
SEC. 506. PROHIBITING THE PRODUCTION OF OBSCENITY AS WELL
AS TRANSPORTATION, DISTRIBUTION, AND SALE.
(a) SECTION 1465.—Section 1465 of title 18 of the United States
Code is amended—
(1) by inserting ‘‘PRODUCTION
AND’’ before ‘‘TRANSPOR-
TATION’’ in the heading of the section;
(2) by inserting ‘‘produces with the intent to transport,
distribute, or transmit in interstate or foreign commerce, or
whoever knowingly’’ after ‘‘whoever knowingly’’ and before
‘‘transports or travels in’’; and
(3) by inserting a comma after ‘‘in or affecting such com-
merce’’.
(b) SECTION 1466.—Section 1466 of title 18 of the United States
Code is amended—
(1) in subsection (a), by inserting ‘‘producing with intent
to distribute or sell, or’’ before ‘‘selling or transferring obscene
matter,’’;
(2) in subsection (b), by inserting, ‘‘produces’’ before ‘‘sells
or transfers or offers to sell or transfer obscene matter’’; and
Applicability.
Applicability.
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120 STAT. 631
PUBLIC LAW 109–248—JULY 27, 2006
(3) in subsection (b) by inserting ‘‘production,’’ before
‘‘selling or transferring or offering to sell or transfer such
material.’’.
SEC. 507. GUARDIANS AD LITEM.
Section 3509(h)(1) of title 18, United States Code, is amended
by inserting ‘‘, and provide reasonable compensation and payment
of expenses for,’’ before ‘‘a guardian’’.
TITLE VI—GRANTS, STUDIES, AND PRO-
GRAMS FOR CHILDREN AND COMMU-
NITY SAFETY
Subtitle A—Mentoring Matches for Youth
Act
SEC. 601. SHORT TITLE.
This subtitle may be cited as the ‘‘Mentoring Matches for Youth
Act of 2006’’.
SEC. 602. FINDINGS.
Congress finds the following:
(1) Big Brothers Big Sisters of America, which was founded
in 1904 and chartered by Congress in 1958, is the oldest and
largest mentoring organization in the United States.
(2) There are over 450 Big Brothers Big Sisters of America
local agencies providing mentoring programs for at-risk children
in over 5,000 communities throughout every State, Guam, and
Puerto Rico.
(3) Over the last decade, Big Brothers Big Sisters of
America has raised a minimum of 75 percent of its annual
operating budget from private sources and is continually
working to grow private sources of funding to maintain this
ratio of private to Federal funds.
(4) In 2005, Big Brothers Big Sisters of America provided
mentors for over 235,000 children.
(5) Big Brothers Big Sisters of America has a goal to
provide mentors for 1,000,000 children per year.
SEC. 603. GRANT PROGRAM FOR EXPANDING BIG BROTHERS BIG SIS-
TERS MENTORING PROGRAM.
In each of fiscal years 2007 through 2012, the Administrator
of the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (here-
after in this Act referred to as the ‘‘Administrator’’) may make
grants to Big Brothers Big Sisters of America to use for expanding
the capacity of and carrying out the Big Brothers Big Sisters men-
toring programs for at-risk youth.
SEC. 604. BIANNUAL REPORT.
(a) IN GENERAL.—Big Brothers Big Sisters of America shall
submit 2 reports to the Administrator in each of fiscal years 2007
through 2013. Big Brothers Big Sisters of America shall submit
the first report in a fiscal year not later than April 1 of that
fiscal year and the second report in a fiscal year not later than
September 30 of that fiscal year.
42 USC 5611
note.
42 USC 5611
note.
42 USC 5611
note.
42 USC 5611
note.
Mentoring
Matches for
Youth Act
of 2006.
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(b) REQUIRED CONTENT.—Each such report shall include the
following:
(1) A detailed statement of the progress made by Big
Brothers Big Sisters of America in expanding the capacity
of and carrying out mentoring programs for at-risk youth.
(2) A detailed statement of how the amounts received under
this Act have been used.
(3) A detailed assessment of the effectiveness of the men-
toring programs.
(4) Recommendations for continued grants and the appro-
priate amounts for such grants.
SEC. 605. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.
There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this Act—
(1) $9,000,000 for fiscal year 2007;
(2) $10,000,000 for fiscal year 2008;
(3) $11,500,000 for fiscal year 2009;
(4) $13,000,000 for fiscal year 2010; and
(5) $15,000,000 for fiscal year 2011.
Subtitle B—National Police Athletic
League Youth Enrichment Act
SEC. 611. SHORT TITLE.
This subtitle may be cited as the ‘‘National Police Athletic
League Youth Enrichment Reauthorization Act of 2006’’.
SEC. 612. FINDINGS.
Section 2 of the National Police Athletic League Youth Enrich-
ment Act of 2000 (42 U.S.C. 13751 note) is amended—
(1) in paragraph (1)—
(A) by redesignating subparagraphs (C) through (G)
as subparagraphs (D) through (H), respectively; and
(B) by inserting after subparagraph (B) the following:
‘‘(C) develop life enhancing character and leadership
skills in young people;’’;
(2) in paragraph (2) by striking ‘‘55-year’’ and inserting
‘‘90-year’’;
(3) in paragraph (3)—
(A) by striking ‘‘320 PAL chapters’’ and inserting ‘‘350
PAL chapters’’; and
(B) by striking ‘‘1,500,000 youth’’ and inserting
‘‘2,000,000 youth’’;
(4) in paragraph (4), by striking ‘‘82 percent’’ and inserting
‘‘85 percent’’;
(5) in paragraph (5), in the second sentence, by striking
‘‘receive no’’ and inserting ‘‘rarely receive’’;
(6) in paragraph (6), by striking ‘‘17 are at risk’’ and
inserting ‘‘18 are at risk’’; and
(7) in paragraph (7), by striking ‘‘1999’’ and inserting
‘‘2005’’.
SEC. 613. PURPOSE.
Section 3 of the National Police Athletic League Youth Enrich-
ment Act of 2000 (42 U.S.C. 13751 note) is amended—
(1) in paragraph (1)—
National Police
Athletic League
Youth
Enrichment
Reauthorization
Act of 2006.
42 USC 13701
note.
42 USC 5611
note.
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(A) by striking ‘‘320 established PAL chapters’’ and
inserting ‘‘342 established PAL chapters’’; and
(B) by striking ‘‘and’’ at the end;
(2) in paragraph (2), by striking ‘‘2006.’’ and inserting
‘‘2010; and’’; and
(3) by adding at the end the following:
‘‘(3) support of an annual gathering of PAL chapters and
designated youth leaders from such chapters to participate
in a 3-day conference that addresses national and local issues
impacting the youth of America and includes educational ses-
sions to advance character and leadership skills.’’.
SEC. 614. GRANTS AUTHORIZED.
Section 5 of the National Police Athletic League Youth Enrich-
ment Act of 2000 (42 U.S.C. 13751 note) is amended—
(1) in subsection (a), by striking ‘‘2001 through 2005’’ and
inserting ‘‘2006 through 2010’’; and
(2) in subsection (b)(1)(B), by striking ‘‘not less than 570
PAL chapters in operation before January 1, 2004’’ and
inserting ‘‘not fewer than 500 PAL chapters in operation before
January 1, 2010’’.
SEC. 615. USE OF FUNDS.
Section 6(a)(2) of the National Police Athletic League Youth
Enrichment Act of 2000 (42 U.S.C. 13751 note) is amended—
(1) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A), by striking
‘‘four’’ and inserting ‘‘two’’; and
(2) in subparagraph (A)—
(A) in the matter preceding clause (i), by striking ‘‘two
programs’’ and inserting ‘‘one program’’;
(B) in clause (iii), by striking ‘‘or’’;
(C) in clause (iv), by striking ‘‘and’’ and inserting ‘‘or’’;
and
(D) by inserting after clause (iv) the following:
‘‘(v) 
character 
development 
and 
leadership
training; and’’.
SEC. 616. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.
Section 8(a) of the National Police Athletic League Youth
Enrichment Act of 2000 (42 U.S.C. 13751 note) is amended by
striking ‘‘2001 through 2005’’ and inserting ‘‘2006 through 2010’’.
SEC. 617. NAME OF LEAGUE.
(a) DEFINITIONS.—Section 4(4) of the National Police Athletic
League Youth Enrichment Act of 2000 (42 U.S.C. 13751 note)
is amended in the paragraph heading, by striking ‘‘Athletic’’ and
inserting ‘‘Athletic/activities’’.
(b) TEXT.—The National Police Athletic League Youth Enrich-
ment Act of 2000 (42 U.S.C. 13751 note) is amended by striking
‘‘Police Athletic League’’ each place such term appears and inserting
‘‘Police Athletic/Activities League’’.
Subtitle C—Grants, Studies, and Other
Provisions
SEC. 621. PILOT PROGRAM FOR MONITORING SEXUAL OFFENDERS.
(a) SEX OFFENDER MONITORING PROGRAM.—
42 USC 16981.
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(1) GRANTS AUTHORIZED.—
(A) IN GENERAL.—The Attorney General is authorized
to award grants (referred to as ‘‘Jessica Lunsford and Sarah
Lunde Grants’’) to States, local governments, and Indian
tribal governments to assist in—
(i) carrying out programs to outfit sex offenders
with electronic monitoring units; and
(ii) the employment of law enforcement officials
necessary to carry out such programs.
(B) DURATION.—The Attorney General shall award
grants under this section for a period not to exceed 3
years.
(C) MINIMUM STANDARDS.—The electronic monitoring
units used in the pilot program shall at a minimum—
(i) provide a single-unit tracking device for each
offender that—
(I) contains a central processing unit with
global positioning system and cellular technology
in a single unit; and
(II) provides two- and three-way voice commu-
nication; and
(ii) permit active, real-time, and continuous moni-
toring of offenders 24 hours a day.
(2) APPLICATION.—
(A) IN
GENERAL.—Each State, local government, or
Indian tribal government desiring a grant under this sec-
tion shall submit an application to the Attorney General
at such time, in such manner, and accompanied by such
information as the Attorney General may reasonably
require.
(B) CONTENTS.—Each application submitted pursuant
to subparagraph (A) shall—
(i) describe the activities for which assistance
under this section is sought; and
(ii) provide such additional assurances as the
Attorney General determines to be essential to ensure
compliance with the requirements of this section.
(b) INNOVATION.—In making grants under this section, the
Attorney General shall ensure that different approaches to moni-
toring are funded to allow an assessment of effectiveness.
(c) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—
(1) IN GENERAL.—There are authorized to be appropriated
$5,000,000 for each of the fiscal years 2007 through 2009 to
carry out this section.
(2) REPORT.—Not later than September 1, 2010, the
Attorney General shall report to Congress—
(A) assessing the effectiveness and value of this section;
(B) comparing the cost effectiveness of the electronic
monitoring to reduce sex offenses compared to other alter-
natives; and
(C) making recommendations for continuing funding
and the appropriate levels for such funding.
SEC. 622. TREATMENT AND MANAGEMENT OF SEX OFFENDERS IN THE
BUREAU OF PRISONS.
Section 3621 of title 18, United States Code, is amended by
adding at the end the following new subsection:
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‘‘(f) SEX OFFENDER MANAGEMENT.—
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The Bureau of Prisons shall make avail-
able appropriate treatment to sex offenders who are in need
of and suitable for treatment, as follows:
‘‘(A) SEX
OFFENDER
MANAGEMENT
PROGRAMS.—The
Bureau of Prisons shall establish non-residential sex
offender management programs to provide appropriate
treatment, monitoring, and supervision of sex offenders
and to provide aftercare during pre-release custody.
‘‘(B) RESIDENTIAL
SEX
OFFENDER
TREATMENT
PRO-
GRAMS.—The Bureau of Prisons shall establish residential
sex offender treatment programs to provide treatment to
sex offenders who volunteer for such programs and are
deemed by the Bureau of Prisons to be in need of and
suitable for residential treatment.
‘‘(2) REGIONS.—At least 1 sex offender management pro-
gram under paragraph (1)(A), and at least one residential sex
offender treatment program under paragraph (1)(B), shall be
established in each region within the Bureau of Prisons.
‘‘(3) 
AUTHORIZATION
OF
APPROPRIATIONS.—There 
are
authorized to be appropriated to the Bureau of Prisons for
each fiscal year such sums as may be necessary to carry out
this subsection.’’.
SEC. 623. SEX OFFENDER APPREHENSION GRANTS; JUVENILE SEX
OFFENDER TREATMENT GRANTS.
Title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act
of 1968 is amended by adding at the end the following new part:
‘‘PART 
X—SEX 
OFFENDER 
APPREHENSION
GRANTS; JUVENILE SEX OFFENDER TREAT-
MENT GRANTS
‘‘SEC. 3011. SEX OFFENDER APPREHENSION GRANTS.
‘‘(a) AUTHORITY
TO
MAKE
SEX
OFFENDER
APPREHENSION
GRANTS.—
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—From amounts made available to carry
out this part, the Attorney General may make grants to States,
units of local government, Indian tribal governments, other
public and private entities, and multi-jurisdictional or regional
consortia thereof for activities specified in paragraph (2).
‘‘(2) COVERED ACTIVITIES.—An activity referred to in para-
graph (1) is any program, project, or other activity to assist
a State in enforcing sex offender registration requirements.
‘‘(b) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There are authorized
to be appropriated such sums as may be necessary for fiscal years
2007 through 2009 to carry out this part.
‘‘SEC. 3012. JUVENILE SEX OFFENDER TREATMENT GRANTS.
‘‘(a) AUTHORITY To MAKE JUVENILE SEX OFFENDER TREATMENT
GRANTS.—
‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—From amounts made available to carry
out this part, the Attorney General may make grants to units
of local government, Indian tribal governments, correctional
facilities, other public and private entities, and multijuris-
dictional or regional consortia thereof for activities specified
in paragraph (2).
42 USC
3797ee–1.
42 USC 3797ee.
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‘‘(2) COVERED ACTIVITIES.—An activity referred to in para-
graph (1) is any program, project, or other activity to assist
in the treatment of juvenile sex offenders.
‘‘(b) JUVENILE SEX OFFENDER DEFINED.—For purposes of this
section, the term ‘juvenile sex offender’ is a sex offender who had
not attained the age of 18 years at the time of his or her offense.
‘‘(c) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There are authorized
to be appropriated $10,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2007 through
2009 to carry out this part.’’.
SEC. 624. ASSISTANCE FOR PROSECUTION OF CASES CLEARED
THROUGH USE OF DNA BACKLOG CLEARANCE FUNDS.
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Attorney General may make grants to
train and employ personnel to help prosecute cases cleared through
use of funds provided for DNA backlog elimination.
(b) AUTHORIZATION.—There are authorized to be appropriated
such sums as may be necessary for each of fiscal years 2007 through
2011 to carry out this section.
SEC. 625. GRANTS TO COMBAT SEXUAL ABUSE OF CHILDREN.
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Bureau of Justice Assistance is author-
ized to make grants under this section—
(1) to any law enforcement agency that serves a jurisdiction
with 50,000 or more residents; and
(2) to any law enforcement agency that serves a jurisdiction
with fewer than 50,000 residents, upon a showing of need.
(b) USE OF GRANT AMOUNTS.—Grants under this section may
be used by the law enforcement agency to—
(1) hire additional law enforcement personnel or train
existing staff to combat the sexual abuse of children through
community education and outreach, investigation of complaints,
enforcement of laws relating to sex offender registries, and
management of released sex offenders;
(2) investigate the use of the Internet to facilitate the
sexual abuse of children; and
(3) purchase computer hardware and software necessary
to investigate sexual abuse of children over the Internet, access
local, State, and Federal databases needed to apprehend sex
offenders, and facilitate the creation and enforcement of sex
offender registries.
(c) CRITERIA.—The Attorney General shall give priority to law
enforcement agencies making a showing of need.
(d) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There are authorized
to be appropriated such sums as may be necessary for fiscal years
2007 through 2009 to carry out this section.
SEC. 626. CRIME PREVENTION CAMPAIGN GRANT.
Subpart 2 of part E of title I of the Omnibus Crime Control
and Safe Street Act of 1968 is amended by adding at the end
the following new chapter:
‘‘CHAPTER 4—GRANTS TO PRIVATE ENTITIES
‘‘SEC. 519. CRIME PREVENTION CAMPAIGN GRANT.
‘‘(a) GRANT AUTHORIZATION.—The Attorney General may pro-
vide a grant to a national private, nonprofit organization that
has expertise in promoting crime prevention through public out-
reach and media campaigns in coordination with law enforcement
42 USC 3765.
42 USC 16983.
42 USC 16982.
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agencies and other local government officials, and representatives
of community public interest organizations, including schools and
youth-serving organizations, faith-based, and victims’ organizations
and employers.
‘‘(b) APPLICATION.—To request a grant under this section, an
organization described in subsection (a) shall submit an application
to the Attorney General in such form and containing such informa-
tion as the Attorney General may require.
‘‘(c) USE OF FUNDS.—An organization that receives a grant
under this section shall—
‘‘(1) create and promote national public communications
campaigns;
‘‘(2) develop and distribute publications and other edu-
cational materials that promote crime prevention;
‘‘(3) design and maintain web sites and related web-based
materials and tools;
‘‘(4) design and deliver training for law enforcement per-
sonnel, community leaders, and other partners in public safety
and hometown security initiatives;
‘‘(5) design and deliver technical assistance to States, local
jurisdictions, and crime prevention practitioners and associa-
tions;
‘‘(6) coordinate a coalition of Federal, national, and state-
wide organizations and communities supporting crime preven-
tion;
‘‘(7) design, deliver, and assess demonstration programs;
‘‘(8) operate McGruff-related programs, including McGruff
Club;
‘‘(9) operate the Teens, Crime, and Community Program;
and
‘‘(10) evaluate crime prevention programs and trends.
‘‘(d) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There are authorized
to be appropriated to carry out this section—
‘‘(1) for fiscal year 2007, $7,000,000;
‘‘(2) for fiscal year 2008, $8,000,000;
‘‘(3) for fiscal year 2009, $9,000,000; and
‘‘(4) for fiscal year 2010, $10,000,000.’’.
SEC. 627. GRANTS FOR FINGERPRINTING PROGRAMS FOR CHILDREN.
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Attorney General shall establish and
implement a program under which the Attorney General may make
grants to States, units of local government, and Indian tribal
governments in accordance with this section.
(b) USE OF GRANT AMOUNTS.—A grant made to a State, unit
of local government, or Indian tribal government under subsection
(a) shall be distributed to law enforcement agencies within the
jurisdiction of such State, unit, or tribal government to be used
for any of the following activities:
(1) To establish a voluntary fingerprinting program for
children, which may include the taking of palm prints of chil-
dren.
(2) To hire additional law enforcement personnel, or train
existing law enforcement personnel, to take fingerprints of chil-
dren.
(3) To provide information within the community involved
about the existence of such a fingerprinting program.
42 USC 16984.
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(4) To provide for computer hardware, computer software,
or other materials necessary to carry out such a fingerprinting
program.
(c) LIMITATION.—Fingerprints of a child derived from a program
funded under this section—
(1) may be released only to a parent or guardian of the
child; and
(2) may not be copied or retained by any Federal, State,
local, or tribal law enforcement officer unless written permis-
sion is given by the parent or guardian.
(d) CRIMINAL PENALTY.—Any person who uses the fingerprints
of a child derived from a program funded under this section for
any purpose other than the purpose described in subsection (c)(1)
shall be subject to imprisonment for not more than 1 year, a
fine under title 18, United States Code, or both.
(e) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There is authorized
to be appropriated $20,000,000 to carry out this section for the
5-year period beginning on the first day of fiscal year 2007.
SEC. 628. GRANTS FOR RAPE, ABUSE & INCEST NATIONAL NETWORK.
(a) FINDINGS.—Congress finds as follows:
(1) More than 200,000 Americans each year are victims
of sexual assault, according to the Department of Justice.
(2) In 2004, 1 American was sexually assaulted every 2.5
minutes.
(3) One of every 6 women, and 1 of every 133 men, in
America has been the victim of a completed or attempted rape,
according to the Department of Justice.
(4) The Federal Bureau of Investigation ranks rape second
in the hierarchy of violent crimes for its Uniform Crime Reports,
trailing only murder.
(5) The Federal Government, through the Victims of Crime
Act, Violence Against Women Act, and other laws, has long
played a role in providing services to sexual assault victims
and in seeking policies to increase the number of rapists
brought to justice.
(6) Research suggests that sexual assault victims who
receive counseling support are more likely to report their attack
to the police and to participate in the prosecution of the
offender.
(7) Due in part to the combined efforts of law enforcement
officials at the local, State, and Federal level, as well as the
efforts of the Rape, Abuse & Incest National Network (RAINN)
and its affiliated rape crisis centers across the United States,
sexual violence in America has fallen by more than half since
1994.
(8) RAINN, a 501(c)(3) nonprofit corporation headquartered
in the District of Columbia, has since 1994 provided help to
victims of sexual assault and educated the public about sexual
assault prevention, prosecution, and recovery.
(9) RAINN established and continues to operate the
National Sexual Assault Hotline, a free, confidential telephone
hotline that provides help, 24 hours a day, to victims nationally.
(10) More than 1,100 local rape crisis centers in the 50
States and the District of Columbia partner with RAINN and
are members of the National Sexual Assault Hotline network
42 USC 16985.
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(which has helped more than 970,000 people since its inception
in 1994).
(11) To better serve victims of sexual assault, 80 percent
of whom are under age 30 and 44 percent of whom are under
age 18, RAINN will soon launch the National Sexual Assault
Online Hotline, the web’s first secure hotline service offering
live help 24 hours a day.
(12) Congress and the Department of Justice have given
RAINN funding to conduct its crucial work.
(13) RAINN is a national model of public/private partner-
ship, raising private sector funds to match congressional appro-
priations and receiving extensive private in-kind support,
including advanced technology provided by the communications
and technology industries to launch the National Sexual
Assault Hotline and the National Sexual Assault Online Hot-
line.
(14) Worth magazine selected RAINN as one of ‘‘America’s
100 Best Charities’’, in recognition of the organization’s ‘‘effi-
ciency and effectiveness.’’.
(15) In fiscal year 2005, RAINN spent more than 91 cents
of every dollar received directly on program services.
(16) The demand for RAINN’s services is growing dramati-
cally, as evidenced by the fact that, in 2005, the National
Sexual Assault Hotline helped 137,039 people, an all-time
record.
(17) The programs sponsored by RAINN and its local affili-
ates have contributed to the increase in the percentage of
victims who report their rape to law enforcement.
(18) According to a recent poll, 92 percent of American
women said that fighting sexual and domestic violence should
be a top public policy priority (a higher percentage than chose
health care, child care, or any other issue).
(19) Authorizing Federal funds for RAINN’s national pro-
grams would promote continued progress with this interstate
problem and would make a significant difference in the prosecu-
tion of rapists and the overall incidence of sexual violence.
(b) DUTIES AND FUNCTIONS OF THE ADMINISTRATOR.—
(1) DESCRIPTION OF ACTIVITIES.—The Administrator shall—
(A) issue such rules as the Administrator considers
necessary or appropriate to carry out this section;
(B) make such arrangements as may be necessary and
appropriate to facilitate effective coordination among all
Federally funded programs relating to victims of sexual
assault; and
(C) provide adequate staff and agency resources which
are necessary to properly carry out the responsibilities
pursuant to this section.
(2) ANNUAL GRANT TO RAPE, ABUSE & INCEST NATIONAL
NETWORK.—The Administrator shall annually make a grant
to RAINN, which shall be used for the performance of the
organization’s national programs, which may include—
(A) operation of the National Sexual Assault Hotline,
a 24-hour toll-free telephone line by which individuals may
receive help and information from trained volunteers;
(B) operation of the National Sexual Assault Online
Hotline, a 24-hour free online service by which individuals
may receive help and information from trained volunteers;
Regulations.
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(C) education of the media, the general public, and
populations at risk of sexual assault about the incidence
of sexual violence and sexual violence prevention, prosecu-
tion, and recovery;
(D) dissemination, on a national basis, of information
relating to innovative and model programs, services, laws,
legislation, and policies that benefit victims of sexual
assault; and
(E) provision of technical assistance to law enforcement
agencies, State and local governments, the criminal justice
system, public and private nonprofit agencies, and individ-
uals in the investigation and prosecution of cases involving
victims of sexual assault.
(c) DEFINITIONS.—For the purposes of this section:
(1) ADMINISTRATOR.—The term ‘‘Administrator’’ means the
Administrator of the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency
Prevention.
(2) RAINN.—The term ‘‘RAINN’’ means the Rape, Abuse
& Incest National Network, a 501(c)(3) nonprofit corporation
headquartered in the District of Columbia.
(d) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There is authorized
to be appropriated to the Administrator to carry out this section,
$3,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2007 through 2010.
SEC. 629. CHILDREN’S SAFETY ONLINE AWARENESS CAMPAIGNS.
(a) AWARENESS CAMPAIGN FOR CHILDREN’S SAFETY ONLINE.—
(1) IN GENERAL.—The Attorney General, in consultation
with the National Center for Missing and Exploited Children,
is authorized to develop and carry out a public awareness
campaign to demonstrate, explain, and encourage children, par-
ents, and community leaders to better protect children when
such children are on the Internet.
(2) REQUIRED COMPONENTS.—The public awareness cam-
paign described under paragraph (1) shall include components
that compliment and reinforce the campaign message in a
variety of media, including the Internet, television, radio, and
billboards.
(b) AWARENESS CAMPAIGN REGARDING THE ACCESSIBILITY AND
UTILIZATION OF SEX OFFENDER REGISTRIES.—The Attorney General,
in consultation with the National Center for Missing and Exploited
Children, is authorized to develop and carry out a public awareness
campaign to demonstrate, explain, and encourage parents and
community leaders to better access and utilize the Federal and
State sex offender registries.
(c) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There are authorized
to be appropriated to carry out this section such sums as are
necessary for fiscal years 2007 through 2011.
SEC. 630. GRANTS FOR ONLINE CHILD SAFETY PROGRAMS.
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Attorney General shall, subject to the
availability of appropriations, make grants to States, units of local
government, and nonprofit organizations for the purposes of estab-
lishing and maintaining programs with respect to improving and
educating children and parents in the best ways for children to
be safe when on the Internet.
(b) DEFINITION OF STATE.—For purposes of this section, the
term ‘‘State’’ means any State of the United States, the District
42 USC 16987.
42 USC 16986.
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of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands,
American Samoa, Guam, and the Northern Mariana Islands.
(c) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There are authorized
to be appropriated to carry out this section such sums as are
necessary for fiscal years 2007 through 2011.
SEC. 631. JESSICA LUNSFORD ADDRESS VERIFICATION GRANT PRO-
GRAM.
(a) ESTABLISHMENT.—There is established the Jessica Lunsford
Address Verification Grant Program (hereinafter in this section
referred to as the ‘‘Program’’).
(b) GRANTS AUTHORIZED.—Under the Program, the Attorney
General is authorized to award grants to State, local governments,
and Indian tribal governments to assist in carrying out programs
requiring an appropriate official to verify, at appropriate intervals,
the residence of all or some registered sex offenders.
(c) APPLICATION.—
(1) IN GENERAL.—Each State or local government seeking
a grant under this section shall submit an application to the
Attorney General at such time, in such manner, and accom-
panied by such information as the Attorney General may
reasonably require.
(2) CONTENTS.—Each application submitted pursuant to
paragraph (1) shall—
(A) describe the activities for which assistance under
this section is sought; and
(B) provide such additional assurances as the Attorney
General determines to be essential to ensure compliance
with the requirements of this section.
(d) INNOVATION.—In making grants under this section, the
Attorney General shall ensure that different approaches to address
verification are funded to allow an assessment of effectiveness.
(e) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—
(1) IN GENERAL.—There are authorized to be appropriated
for each of the fiscal years 2007 through 2009 such sums
as may be necessary to carry out this section.
(2) REPORT.—Not later than April 1, 2009, the Attorney
General shall report to Congress—
(A) assessing the effectiveness and value of this section;
(B) comparing the cost effectiveness of address
verification to reduce sex offenses compared to other alter-
natives; and
(C) making recommendations for continuing funding
and the appropriate levels for such funding.
SEC. 632. FUGITIVE SAFE SURRENDER.
(a) FINDINGS.—Congress finds the following:
(1) Fugitive Safe Surrender is a program of the United
States Marshals Service, in partnership with public, private,
and faith-based organizations, which temporarily transforms
a church into a courthouse, so fugitives can turn themselves
in, in an atmosphere where they feel more comfortable to
do so, and have nonviolent cases adjudicated immediately.
(2) In the 4-day pilot program in Cleveland, Ohio, over
800 fugitives turned themselves in. By contrast, a successful
Fugitive Task Force sweep, conducted for 3 days after Fugitive
Safe Surrender, resulted in the arrest of 65 individuals.
42 USC 16989.
42 USC 16988.
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(3) Fugitive Safe Surrender is safer for defendants, law
enforcement, and innocent bystanders than needing to conduct
a sweep.
(4) Based upon the success of the pilot program, Fugitive
Safe Surrender should be expanded to other cities throughout
the United States.
(b) ESTABLISHMENT.—The United States Marshals Service shall
establish, direct, and coordinate a program (to be known as the
‘‘Fugitive Safe Surrender Program’’), under which the United States
Marshals Service shall apprehend Federal, State, and local fugitives
in a safe, secure, and peaceful manner to be coordinated with
law enforcement and community leaders in designated cities
throughout the United States.
(c) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There are authorized
to be appropriated to the United States Marshals Service to carry
out this section—
(1) $3,000,000 for fiscal year 2007;
(2) $5,000,000 for fiscal year 2008; and
(3) $8,000,000 for fiscal year 2009.
(d) OTHER EXISTING APPLICABLE LAW.—Nothing in this section
shall be construed to limit any existing authority under any other
provision of Federal or State law for law enforcement agencies
to locate or apprehend fugitives through task forces or any other
means.
SEC. 633. NATIONAL REGISTRY OF SUBSTANTIATED CASES OF CHILD
ABUSE.
(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Health and Human Services,
in consultation with the Attorney General, shall create a national
registry of substantiated cases of child abuse or neglect.
(b) INFORMATION.—
(1) COLLECTION.—The information in the registry described
in subsection (a) shall be supplied by States and Indian tribes,
or, at the option of a State, by political subdivisions of such
State, to the Secretary of Health and Human Services.
(2) TYPE OF INFORMATION.—The registry described in sub-
section (a) shall collect in a central electronic registry informa-
tion on persons reported to a State, Indian tribe, or political
subdivision of a State as perpetrators of a substantiated case
of child abuse or neglect.
(c) SCOPE OF INFORMATION.—
(1) IN GENERAL.—
(A) TREATMENT OF REPORTS.—The information to be
provided to the Secretary of Health and Human Services
under this section shall relate to substantiated reports
of child abuse or neglect.
(B) EXCEPTION.—If a State, Indian tribe, or political
subdivision of a State has an electronic register of cases
of child abuse or neglect equivalent to the registry estab-
lished under this section that it maintains pursuant to
a requirement or authorization under any other provision
of law, the information provided to the Secretary of Health
and Human Services under this section shall be coextensive
with that in such register.
(2) FORM.—Information provided to the Secretary of Health
and Human Services under this section—
42 USC 16990.
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(A) shall be in a standardized electronic form deter-
mined by the Secretary of Health and Human Services;
and
(B) shall contain case-specific identifying information
that is limited to the name of the perpetrator and the
nature of the substantiated case of child abuse or neglect,
and that complies with clauses (viii) and (ix) of section
106(b)(2)(A) of the Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment
Act (42 U.S.C. 5106(b)(2)(A) (viii) and (ix)).
(d) CONSTRUCTION.—This section shall not be construed to
require a State, Indian tribe, or political subdivision of a State
to modify—
(1) an equivalent register of cases of child abuse or neglect
that it maintains pursuant to a requirement or authorization
under any other provision of law; or
(2) any other record relating to child abuse or neglect,
regardless of whether the report of abuse or neglect was
substantiated, unsubstantiated, or determined to be unfounded.
(e) ACCESSIBILITY.—Information contained in the national reg-
istry shall only be accessible to any Federal, State, Indian tribe,
or local government entity, or any agent of such entities, that
has a need for such information in order to carry out its responsibil-
ities under law to protect children from child abuse and neglect.
(f) DISSEMINATION.—The Secretary of Health and Human Serv-
ices shall establish standards for the dissemination of information
in the national registry of substantiated cases of child abuse or
neglect. Such standards shall comply with clauses (viii) and (ix)
of section 106(b)(2)(A) of the Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment
Act (42 U.S.C. 5106(b)(2)(A) (viii) and (ix)).
(g) STUDY.—
(1) IN
GENERAL.—The Secretary of Health and Human
Services shall conduct a study on the feasibility of establishing
data collection standards for a national child abuse and neglect
registry with recommendations and findings concerning—
(A) costs and benefits of such data collection standards;
(B) data collection standards currently employed by
each State, Indian tribe, or political subdivision of a State;
(C) data collection standards that should be considered
to establish a model of promising practices; and
(D) a due process procedure for a national registry.
(2) REPORT.—Not later than 1 year after the date of enact-
ment of this Act, the Secretary of Homeland Security shall
submit to the Committees on the Judiciary in the House of
Representatives and the United States Senate and the Senate
Committee on Health, Education, Labor and Pensions and the
House Committee on Education and the Workforce a report
containing the recommendations and findings of the study on
data collection standards for a national child abuse registry
authorized under this subsection.
(3) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There is author-
ized to be appropriated $500,000 for the period of fiscal years
2006 and 2007 to carry out the study required by this sub-
section.
SEC. 634. COMPREHENSIVE EXAMINATION OF SEX OFFENDER ISSUES.
(a) IN GENERAL.—The National Institute of Justice shall con-
duct a comprehensive study to examine the control, prosecution,
Regulations.
Electronic
information.
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treatment, and monitoring of sex offenders, with a particular focus
on—
(1) the effectiveness of the Sex Offender Registration and
Notification Act in increasing compliance with sex offender
registration and notification requirements, and the costs and
burdens associated with such compliance;
(2) the effectiveness of sex offender registration and
notification requirements in increasing public safety, and the
costs and burdens associated with such requirements;
(3) the effectiveness of public dissemination of sex offender
information on the Internet in increasing public safety, and
the costs and burdens associated with such dissemination; and
(4) the effectiveness of treatment programs in reducing
recidivism among sex offenders, and the costs and burdens
associated with such programs.
(b) RECOMMENDATIONS.—The study described in subsection (a)
shall include recommendations for reducing the number of sex
crimes against children and adults and increasing the effectiveness
of registration requirements.
(c) REPORTS.—
(1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 5 years after the date
of enactment of this Act, the National Institute of Justice
shall report the results of the study conducted under subsection
(a) together with findings to Congress, through the Internet
to the public, to each of the 50 governors, to the Mayor of
the District of Columbia, to territory heads, and to the top
official of the various Indian tribes.
(2) INTERIM REPORTS.—The National Institute of Justice
shall submit yearly interim reports.
(d) APPROPRIATIONS.—There are authorized to be appropriated
$3,000,000 to carry out this section.
SEC. 635. ANNUAL REPORT ON ENFORCEMENT OF REGISTRATION
REQUIREMENTS.
Not later than July 1 of each year, the Attorney General
shall submit a report to Congress describing—
(1) the use by the Department of Justice of the United
States Marshals Service to assist jurisdictions in locating and
apprehending sex offenders who fail to comply with sex offender
registration requirements, as authorized by this Act;
(2) the use of section 2250 of title 18, United States Code
(as added by section 151 of this Act), to punish offenders
for failure to register;
(3) a detailed explanation of each jurisdiction’s compliance
with the Sex Offender Registration and Notification Act;
(4) a detailed description of Justice Department efforts
to ensure compliance and any funding reductions, the basis
for any decision to reduce funding or not to reduce funding
under section 125; and
(5) the denial or grant of any extensions to comply with
the Sex Offender Registration and Notification Act, and the
reasons for such denial or grant.
42 USC 16991.
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SEC. 636. GOVERNMENT ACCOUNTABILITY OFFICE STUDIES ON FEASI-
BILITY OF USING DRIVER’S LICENSE REGISTRATION
PROCESSES AS ADDITIONAL REGISTRATION REQUIRE-
MENTS FOR SEX OFFENDERS.
For the purposes of determining the feasibility of using driver’s
license registration processes as additional registration require-
ments for sex offenders to improve the level of compliance with
sex offender registration requirements for change of address upon
relocation and other related updates of personal information, the
Congress requires the following studies:
(1) Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment
of this Act, the Government Accountability Office shall complete
a study for the Committee on the Judiciary of the Senate
and the Committee on the Judiciary of the House of Representa-
tives to survey a majority of the States to assess the relative
systems capabilities to comply with a Federal law that required
all State driver’s license systems to automatically access State
and national databases of registered sex offenders in a form
similar to the requirement of the Nevada law described in
paragraph (2). The Government Accountability Office shall use
the information drawn from this survey, along with other expert
sources, to determine what the potential costs to the States
would be if such a Federal law came into effect, and what
level of Federal grants would be required to prevent an
unfunded mandate. In addition, the Government Accountability
Office shall seek the views of Federal and State law enforce-
ment agencies, including in particular the Federal Bureau of
Investigation, with regard to the anticipated effects of such
a national requirement, including potential for undesired side
effects in terms of actual compliance with this Act and related
laws.
(2) Not later than February 1, 2007, the Government
Accountability Office shall complete a study to evaluate the
provisions of Chapter 507 of Statutes of Nevada 2005 to deter-
mine—
(A) if those provisions are effective in increasing the
registration compliance rates of sex offenders;
(B) the aggregate direct and indirect costs for the State
of Nevada to bring those provisions into effect; and
(C) how those provisions might be modified to improve
compliance by registered sex offenders.
SEC. 637. SEX OFFENDER RISK CLASSIFICATION STUDY.
(a) STUDY.—The Attorney General shall conduct a study of
risk-based sex offender classification systems, which shall include
an analysis of—
(1) various risk-based sex offender classification systems;
(2) the methods and assessment tools available to assess
the risks posed by sex offenders;
(3) the efficiency and effectiveness of risk-based sex offender
classification systems, in comparison to offense-based sex
offender classification systems, in—
(A) reducing threats to public safety posed by sex
offenders; and
(B) assisting law enforcement agencies and the public
in identifying the most dangerous sex offenders;
Deadline.
Deadline.
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(4) the resources necessary to implement, and the legal
implications of implementing, risk-based sex offender classifica-
tion systems for sex offender registries; and
(5) any other information the Attorney General determines
necessary to evaluate risk-based sex offender classification sys-
tems.
(b) REPORT.—Not later than 18 months after the date of enact-
ment of this Act, the Attorney General shall report to the Congress
the results of the study under this section.
(c) STUDY CONDUCTED BY TASK FORCE.—The Attorney General
may establish a task force to conduct the study and prepare the
report required under this section. Any task force established under
this section shall be composed of members, appointed by the
Attorney General, who—
(1) represent national, State, and local interests; and
(2) are especially qualified to serve on the task force by
virtue of their education, training, or experience, particularly
in the fields of sex offender management, community education,
risk assessment of sex offenders, and sex offender victim issues.
SEC. 638. STUDY OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF RESTRICTING THE
ACTIVITIES OF SEX OFFENDERS TO REDUCE THE OCCUR-
RENCE OF REPEAT OFFENSES.
(a) STUDY.—The Attorney General shall conduct a study to
evaluate the effectiveness of monitoring and restricting the activities
of sex offenders to reduce the occurrence of repeat offenses by
such sex offenders, through conditions imposed as part of supervised
release or probation conditions. The study shall evaluate—
(1) the effectiveness of methods of monitoring and
restricting the activities of sex offenders, including restric-
tions—
(A) on the areas in which sex offenders can reside,
work, and attend school;
(B) limiting access by sex offenders to the Internet
or to specific Internet sites; and
(C) preventing access by sex offenders to pornography
and other obscene materials;
(2) the ability of law enforcement agencies and courts to
enforce such restrictions; and
(3) the efficacy of any other restrictions that may reduce
the occurrence of repeat offenses by sex offenders.
(b) REPORT.—Not later than 6 months after the date of enact-
ment of this Act, the Attorney General shall report to the Committee
on the Judiciary of the House of Representatives and the Committee
on the Judiciary of the Senate the results of the study under
this section.
SEC. 639. THE JUSTICE FOR CRIME VICTIMS FAMILY ACT.
(a) SHORT TITLE.—This section may be cited as the ‘‘Justice
for Crime Victims Family Act’’.
(b) STUDY OF MEASURES NEEDED TO IMPROVE PERFORMANCE
OF HOMICIDE INVESTIGATORS.—Not later than 6 months after the
date of the enactment of this Act, the Attorney General shall
submit to the Committee on the Judiciary of the House of Represent-
atives and the Committee on the Judiciary of the Senate a report—
(1) outlining what measures are needed to improve the
performance of Federal, State, and local criminal investigators
of homicide; and
Deadline.
Reports.
Justice for Crime
Victims Family
Act.
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(2) including an examination of—
(A) the benefits of increasing training and resources
for such investigators, with respect to investigative tech-
niques, best practices, and forensic services;
(B) the existence of any uniformity among State and
local jurisdictions in the measurement of homicide rates
and clearance of homicide cases;
(C) the coordination in the sharing of information
among Federal, State, and local law enforcement and coro-
ners and medical examiners; and
(D) the sources of funding that are in existence on
the date of the enactment of this Act for State and local
criminal investigators of homicide.
(c) IMPROVEMENTS NEEDED FOR SOLVING HOMICIDES INVOLVING
MISSING PERSONS AND UNIDENTIFIED HUMAN REMAINS.—Not later
than 6 months after the date of the enactment of this Act, the
Attorney General shall submit to the Committee on the Judiciary
of the House of Representatives and the Committee on the Judiciary
of the Senate a report—
(1) evaluating measures to improve the ability of Federal,
State, and local criminal investigators of homicide to solve
homicides involving missing persons and unidentified human
remains; and
(2) including an examination of—
(A) measures to expand national criminal records data-
bases with accurate information relating to missing persons
and unidentified human remains;
(B) the collection of DNA samples from potential ‘‘high-
risk’’ missing persons;
(C) the benefits of increasing access to national
criminal records databases for medical examiners and coro-
ners;
(D) any improvement in the performance of post-
mortem examinations, autopsies, and reporting procedures
of unidentified persons or remains;
(E) any coordination between the National Center for
Missing Children and the National Center for Missing
Adults;
(F) website postings (or other uses of the Internet)
of information of identifiable information such as physical
features and characteristics, clothing, and photographs of
missing persons and unidentified human remains; and
(G) any improvement with respect to—
(i) the collection of DNA information for missing
persons and unidentified human remains; and
(ii) entering such information into the Combined
DNA Index System of the Federal Bureau of Investiga-
tion and national criminal records databases.
TITLE VII—INTERNET SAFETY ACT
SEC. 701. CHILD EXPLOITATION ENTERPRISES.
Section 2252A of title 18, United States Code, is amended
by adding at the end the following:
‘‘(g) CHILD EXPLOITATION ENTERPRISES.—
Deadline.
Reports.
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‘‘(1) Whoever engages in a child exploitation enterprise
shall be fined under this title and imprisoned for any term
of years not less than 20 or for life.
‘‘(2) A person engages in a child exploitation enterprise
for the purposes of this section if the person violates section
1591, section 1201 if the victim is a minor, or chapter 109A
(involving a minor victim), 110 (except for sections 2257 and
2257A), or 117 (involving a minor victim), as a part of a series
of felony violations constituting three or more separate
incidents and involving more than one victim, and commits
those offenses in concert with three or more other persons.’’.
SEC. 702. INCREASED PENALTIES FOR REGISTERED SEX OFFENDERS.
(a) OFFENSE.—Chapter 110 of title 18, United States Code,
is amended by adding at the end the following:
‘‘§ 2260A. Penalties for registered sex offenders
‘‘Whoever, being required by Federal or other law to register
as a sex offender, commits a felony offense involving a minor
under section 1201, 1466A, 1470, 1591, 2241, 2242, 2243, 2244,
2245, 2251, 2251A, 2260, 2421, 2422, 2423, or 2425, shall be sen-
tenced to a term of imprisonment of 10 years in addition to the
imprisonment imposed for the offense under that provision. The
sentence imposed under this section shall be consecutive to any
sentence imposed for the offense under that provision.’’.
(b) CLERICAL AMENDMENT.—The table of sections at the begin-
ning of chapter 110 of title 18, United States Code, is amended
by adding at the end the following new item:
‘‘2260A. Increased penalties for registered sex offenders.’’.
SEC. 703. DECEPTION BY EMBEDDED WORDS OR IMAGES.
(a) IN GENERAL.—Chapter 110 of title 18, United States Code,
is amended by inserting after section 2252B the following:
‘‘§ 2252C. Misleading words or digital images on the Internet
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—Whoever knowingly embeds words or digital
images into the source code of a website with the intent to deceive
a person into viewing material constituting obscenity shall be fined
under this title and imprisoned for not more than 10 years.
‘‘(b) MINORS.—Whoever knowingly embeds words or digital
images into the source code of a website with the intent to deceive
a minor into viewing material harmful to minors on the Internet
shall be fined under this title and imprisoned for not more than
20 years.
‘‘(c) CONSTRUCTION.—For the purposes of this section, a word
or digital image that clearly indicates the sexual content of the
site, such as ‘sex’ or ‘porn’, is not misleading.
‘‘(d) DEFINITIONS.—As used in this section—
‘‘(1) the terms ‘material that is harmful to minors’ and
‘sex’ have the meaning given such terms in section 2252B;
and
‘‘(2) the term ‘source code’ means the combination of text
and other characters comprising the content, both viewable
and nonviewable, of a web page, including any website pub-
lishing language, programming language, protocol or functional
content, as well as any successor languages or protocols.’’.
Penalties.
Penalties.
Penalties.
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(b) TABLE OF SECTIONS.—The table of sections for chapter 110
of title 18, United States Code, is amended by inserting after
the item relating to section 2252B the following:
‘‘2252C. Misleading words or digital images on the Internet.’’.
SEC. 704. ADDITIONAL PROSECUTORS FOR OFFENSES RELATING TO
THE SEXUAL EXPLOITATION OF CHILDREN.
(a) DEFINITION.—In this section, the term ‘‘offenses relating
to the sexual exploitation of children’’ shall include any offense
committed in violation of—
(1) chapter 71 of title 18, United States Code, involving
an obscene visual depiction of a minor, or transfer of obscene
materials to a minor;
(2) chapter 109A of title 18, United States Code, involving
a victim who is a minor;
(3) chapter 109B of title 18, United States Code;
(4) chapter 110 of title 18, United States Code;
(5) chapter 117 of title 18, United States Code involving
a victim who is a minor; and
(6) section 1591 of title 18, United States Code.
(b) ADDITIONAL
PROSECUTORS.—In fiscal year 2007, the
Attorney General shall, subject to the availability of appropriations
for such purposes, increase by not less than 200 the number of
attorneys in United States Attorneys’ Offices. The additional attor-
neys shall be assigned to prosecute offenses relating to the sexual
exploitation of children.
(c) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There are authorized
to be appropriated to the Department of Justice for fiscal year
2007 such sums as may be necessary to carry out this section.
SEC. 705. ADDITIONAL COMPUTER-RELATED RESOURCES.
(a) DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE RESOURCES.—In fiscal year 2007,
the Attorney General shall, subject to the availability of appropria-
tions for such purposes, increase by not less than 30 the number
of computer forensic examiners within the Regional Computer
Forensic Laboratories (RCFL). The additional computer forensic
examiners shall be dedicated to investigating crimes involving the
sexual exploitation of children and related offenses.
(b) DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY RESOURCES.—In fiscal
year 2007, the Secretary of Homeland Security shall, subject to
the availability of appropriations for such purposes, increase by
not less than 15 the number of computer forensic examiners within
the Cyber Crimes Center (C3). The additional computer forensic
examiners shall be dedicated to investigating crimes involving the
sexual exploitation of children and related offenses.
(c) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There are authorized
to be appropriated to the Department of Justice and the Department
of Homeland Security for fiscal year 2007 such sums as may be
necessary to carry out this section.
SEC. 706. ADDITIONAL ICAC TASK FORCES.
(a) ADDITIONAL
TASK
FORCES.—In fiscal year 2007, the
Administrator of the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency
Prevention shall, subject to the availability of appropriations for
such purpose, increase by not less than 10 the number of Internet
Crimes Against Children Task Forces that are part of the Internet
Crimes Against Children Task Force Program authorized and
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LEGISLATIVE HISTORY—H.R. 4472:
CONGRESSIONAL RECORD, Vol. 152 (2006):
Mar. 8, considered and passed House.
July 20, considered and passed Senate, amended.
July 25, House concurred in Senate amendments.
WEEKLY COMPILATION OF PRESIDENTIAL DOCUMENTS, Vol. 42 (2006):
July 27, Presidential remarks.
funded under title IV of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency
Prevention Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5771 et seq.). These Task Forces
shall be in addition to the ones authorized in section 143 of this
Act.
(b) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There are authorized
to be appropriated to the Administrator of the Office of Juvenile
Justice and Delinquency Prevention for fiscal year 2007 such sums
as may be necessary to carry out this section.
SEC. 707. MASHA’S LAW.
(a) SHORT TITLE.—This section may be cited as ‘‘Masha’s Law’’.
(b) IN GENERAL.—Section 2255(a) of title 18, United States
Code, is amended—
(1) in the first sentence—
(A) by striking ‘‘(a) Any minor who is’’ and inserting
the following:
‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—Any person who, while a minor, was’’;
(B) by inserting after ‘‘such violation’’ the following:
‘‘, regardless of whether the injury occurred while such
person was a minor,’’; and
(C) by striking ‘‘such minor’’ and inserting ‘‘such per-
son’’; and
(2) in the second sentence—
(A) by striking ‘‘Any minor’’ and inserting ‘‘Any person’’;
and
(B) by striking ‘‘$50,000’’ and inserting ‘‘$150,000’’.
(c) CONFORMING AMENDMENT.—Section 2255(b) of title 18,
United States Code, is amended by striking ‘‘(b) Any action’’ and
inserting the following:
‘‘(b) STATUTE OF LIMITATIONS.—Any action’’.
Approved July 27, 2006.
18 USC 2251
note.
Masha’s Law.
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