Summer in the southwest US is already proving to be a scorcher. Since June 9, Las Vegas, Nevada has been caught in a heat dome, a kind of atmospheric pressure cooker that superheats air near the ground. Record-breaking heat hit the area, with temperatures consistently soaring to triple digits. On June 10, 2022, the city reached a record daily high of 109 degrees Fahrenheit—so hot that the heat was picked up by sensors in space.
NASA’s Ecosystem Spaceborne Thermal Radiometer Experiment on Space Station, or Ecostress, generated a map of land surface temperatures of Las Vegas and the surrounding community. Recorded at 5:23 pm when heat peaked, the map reveals it radiating out from the city center from red to yellow.
The map is a stark illustration of the “urban heat island” effect, which magnifies the dangers of extreme heat in cities. Human activity, vehicles, buildings and streets all soak up more heat (and take longer to cool off) than places that are less developed and have more vegetation.
“Even in a place like Las Vegas, which is in the desert, and there’s low tree canopy cover in the first place, you can see that places where there are less trees are hotter,” says Chris David, vice president of data and mapping at American Forests, which did a survey of tree canopy and vulnerability to heat in American cities in 2021.
Explore data on tree cover, heat islands, and “tree equity” in Las Vegas in American Forests’ tool below:
The Ecostress project is set up to monitor water loss from plants in a warming climate, but it also provides a street-level view of heat waves. The instruments, aboard the International Space Station, specifically target ground temperature over air temperature because it’s typically hotter at the surface. This is reflected in the map’s darker red grid pattern—pavement temperatures even exceeding a broiling 122 degrees Fahrenheit.
“This is basically a Las Vegas street map,” says David. Asphalt absorbs up to 95 percent of solar radiation, which means that the material emits additional heat at ground level where people are walking and living, he explains. “If people are outside, it’s critical that they have some shade.”
Other regions of the US have also been bombarded by blistering heat. Excessive heat warnings and heat advisories have impacted more than 95 million people from the southwest to Florida to northern Michigan, according to the Washington Post. “We all know that when flash flooding or thunderstorms or hurricanes are coming, we better take care of ourselves,” Erick Bandala, assistant research professor of environmental science at the Desert Research Institute in Las Vegas, told the Washington Post. “But not really about extreme heat. It’s probably one of the most under-considered risks that we can be facing.”
As climate change brings more frequent and more intense heat waves, heat-related injuries and deaths are a growing concern, and especially afflict low-income and minority communities. People of color are more likely to live in hotter cities with urban heat islands (sometimes up to 20 degrees Fahrenheit hotter than communities of predominantly white high-income residents), and therefore wrestle with issues brought by heat.
“This is part of the history of redlining in the US—sticking poor people, and people of color, in those neighborhoods that are right next to the highway, that have poorer air quality, higher levels of impervious surface, higher temperatures,” says David.
Last year, a similar heat dome settled over Washington, Oregon, and British Columbia, killing hundreds as temperatures rose to nearly 110 degrees Fahrenheit. During that heat wave, deaths in Portland were concentrated in neighborhoods with lots of asphalt, and few trees. “It just proves that trees really can be life or death infrastructure,” David says.


SEVERAL Nigerian passengers on a flight from Abuja had a minor incident yesterday when their aircraft skidded on the tarmac at Heathrow Airport as it landed blowing about by gusty winds brought on by the fierce Storm Ciara.
Over the weekend, the UK has been battered by 80 mile an hour winds as Storm Ciara has wrecked havoc, bringing down trees, destroying fences and led to flooding in some parts of the country. Travel was also severely disrupted as many flights were cancelled and some railway lines also shut up shop.
Some flights from Nigeria into the UK were cancelled but a BA flight did land yesterday, although its passengers were thrown into panic as strong winds forced the flight to abort its landing. Eventually, the plane managed to land safely after circling the airport, by which time the sped of the wind had reduced a little.
Charles Okonkwo, a Nigerian passenger on the flight took to his social media platform to recount the experience Sunday night. He described the moment as by far the scariest moment of his life but added that the Grace of God was with them.
Although Storm Ciara is over, disruption is continuing today as its after-effects come with widespread flooding and severe gales. More than 20,000 homes spent the weekend without power, while flood warnings remain in place across the country.
Flooding and debris continue to cause problems for rail passengers, who are urged to check their routes. Yesterday, weather forecasters said some areas could see blizzards and up to 20cm of snow as the storm bites.


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LOS ANGELES, CA, Nov. 22, 2021 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- via NewMediaWire – At the recent COP26 climate change conference, the US and China unexpectedly unveiled a joint plan to accelerate their actions and work together combating climate change. Their agreement features the reduction of methane emissions, and US Nuclear (OTCQB: UCLE) is ready to help support this goal through its Climate Drone with laser-based methane detection system. On November 2, 2021, the US EPA proposed sweeping new standards to reduce man-made methane emissions from the oil and gas industry.
Methane and carbon dioxide are the two most damaging greenhouse gases, with methane contributing more than one-third of today’s anthropogenic warming. Methane is more than 25-100 times as potent (per liter of gas) as carbon dioxide at trapping heat in the atmosphere. The production and transport of coal, oil, and natural gas are responsible for approximately 30% of total methane emissions and result in substantial and unnecessary blow offs, leaks, and seepages from oil wells, coal mines, gas pipelines, and refineries.
US Nuclear is committed to supporting climate change goals by helping to rapidly locate sources of methane leaks and emissions with their unique drone detection system. US Nuclear offers single or swarming drone systems, mounted with two types of methane sensors: a laser interrogation sensor for rapidly spotting methane emissions down to 5ppm, from up to 100 meters away, and a ‘sniffer’ sensor which actually measures the methane concentration in the air up-close for greater detail. US Nuclear’s drone system reports the methane concentration in real-time, with the data automatically overlaid on a map of the flight path. By rapidly locating the methane leak or emission, quick action can be taken to repair it, otherwise the operator can face large fines as well as temporary or permanent facility shutdown. US Nuclear also supports the fight against global warming through its commitment to MIFTI clean fusion power.
Safe Harbor Act
This press release includes "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of the safe harbor provisions of the United States Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Actual results may differ from expectations, estimates and projections and, consequently, you should not rely on these forward looking statements as predictions of future events. Words such as "expect," "estimate," "project," "budget," "forecast," "anticipate," "intend," "plan," "may," "will," "could," "should," "believes," "predicts," "potential," "continue," and similar expressions are intended to identify such forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements involve significant risks and uncertainties that could cause the actual results to differ materially from the expected results.
US Nuclear Corp. (OTCQB: UCLE)
Robert I. Goldstein, President, CEO, and Chairman
Rachel Boulds, Chief Financial Officer
(818) 883 7043


NOAA Hurricane Forecast Predicts Busy 2020 Hurricane Season
FORT LAUDERDALE, Fla. — The federal government’s hurricane season forecast, released Thursday, predicts an above-average season, offering little hope of a break from strong storms in an already challenging year.
The forecast from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration calls for six to 10 hurricanes, of which three to six could achieve major hurricane strength. A major hurricane is one that reaches at least Category 3 status, which requires winds of at least 111 mph.
“NOAA’s analysis of current and seasonal atmospheric conditions reveals a recipe for an active Atlantic hurricane season this year,” said Neil Jacobs, acting NOAA administrator.
An average season produces six Atlantic hurricanes, three of which attain major hurricane strength. Last year saw six hurricanes, including Hurricane Dorian, a storm that grew into one of the most powerful on record and brought catastrophic damage to the Bahamas.
NOAA said there’s a 60% chance of an above-average season, a 30% chance of an average season and 0% chance of a below-average season.
The 2020 forecast, produced by NOAA’s Climate Prediction Center, cited unusually warm water in the Atlantic Ocean and the likely absence of the climate phenomenon called El Niño, which can suppress hurricane formation.
The prediction was in line with forecasts from universities and private weather services, which said to expect a busy season. But there will be additional forecasts issued before the season’s peak, which runs from August through October.
The prediction calls for 13 to 19 named storms, which means tropical or subtropical storms and hurricanes — storms with wind speeds of at least 39 mph.
El Niño is the occasional warming of the eastern Pacific Ocean that can influence worldwide weather patterns. In the Atlantic, El Niño tends to suppress hurricane formation by fostering high-level crosswinds that disrupt the formation of tropical storms and hurricanes, preventing them from establishing their characteristic structure.
Hurricane season runs June 1 through Nov. 30, with the peak coming in August, September and October. This season, like the past five seasons, got off to an early start, with the formation last Saturday of Tropical Storm Arthur.
There are currently no potential storms in the Atlantic, according to the hurricane center’s five-day outlook. The next named storm will be called Bertha.
©2020 Sun Sentinel (Fort Lauderdale, Fla.)
Distributed by Tribune Content Agency, LLC.
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Hot & Dry Thu.
Hello from Chief Meteorologist Mike Buresh in the First Alert Weather Center...
Thu. will again be mostly dry for most of the area: lots of sun & hot with afternoon highs in the low to mid 90s inland to mid to upper 80s at the beaches. Afternoon showers & storms will return Fri. & continue into the weekend.
Copyright 2013 Cox Media Group, Inc. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed.


By Euro Weekly News Media • 02 March 2016 • 11:53
AFTER a couple of weeks of stormy, unstable weather, warmer climes are on the horizon. The mercury will rise in Malaga City and the Costa del Sol and is due to stay for some time. Maximum temperatures will hit 20 degrees and will remain until Sunday March 6, when the temperature is expected to decrease by four or five degrees.
The minimum temperatures will stay mainly as they are currently, around 10 degrees, but forecasters predict that they may start decreasing gently after this sudden burst of sunshine has brightened spirits.
Time to dig out the sun cream and head to the beach?
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It was once seen as the end of days.
But early on Monday we will get a chance to see a blood red moon... the first for 30 years.
The supermoon is caused by a lunar eclipse as the moon reaches its shortest distance from us, 226,000 miles away, and appears 14 per cent larger and 30 per cent brighter than when it is at its furthest point.
The last time this coincided with a lunar eclipse, when the moon is covered by the Earth’s shadow, was in 1982 and the event will not be repeated until 2033.
During a lunar eclipse, the moon turns a deep rusty red as sunlight is scattered by the Earth’s atmosphere.
Down through the ages, so-called “blood moons” have been viewed as ill-omens.
From the UK, the moon starts to enter the Earth’s shadow at 1:10am early on Monday morning.
The moon will be completely within the shadow from 3:11am to 04:24am.
The eclipse ends when the moon leaves the shadow at 6:24am.
When the eclipse is at its maximum, the moon will be just above the tree tops.
Astronomer Robin Scagell said: “I would say it’s definitely worth setting the alarm for to look out and see this red moon hanging over the tree tops.”


The country’s meteorological service said the storm was now moving away eastwards but warned that “other environmental risks” still existed. At least one person has died in Mauritius and another in Réunion. Mauritius upgraded the cyclone warning to the maximum level for a while but said the worst danger had now passed. About 100 vehicles were damaged and abandoned by their owners because of floods that hit the capital Port Louis on Monday. But flood levels substantially decreased on Tuesday and authorities were able to clear up debris from the streets. Scenes from the waterfront in Port Louis showed widespread destruction. Authorities said they were carrying out a full assessment of the main roads and critical infrastructure.


LAHORE – Allama Iqbal International Airport has been closed for all national and international flights due to dense fog on Thursday.
Due to the fog many flights have been cancelled or diverted to other cities.
The motorway has also been closed as visibility was down to zero due to dense fog. The Motorway police have appealed the drivers to use fog lights and drive at very slow speed.
The Motorway Police said that the highway would remain closed for the traffic until the visibility improved.


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The Summer Solstice Officially Arrives Today at 10:54 a.m.
Today marks the official arrival of summer. It’s officially called the Summer Solstice in the Northern Hemisphere and it arrives officially at 10:54 a.m. central time. It is the day when the sun is the furthest to the north that it will get which also means that today we will have the longest amount of daylight as well.
Summer fans will celebrate the arrival of the Solstice, but I will not because today will mark when the time of daylight will get shorter each day. I love it being light almost to 9 p.m. Beginning today the sun will set a little earlier each night, boo, hiss!
With the beginning of summer marks the beginning of winter in the Southern Hemisphere. A lot of people think that the earth is as close as it will get to the sun on the first day of summer making our temperatures hot, but that is not a correct statement.
The heat of summer is directly related to the tilt of the earth’s axis. That tilt determines the angle of the sun’s rays on the earth and thus presents hotter temperatures. There is your science lesson for the day from Professor Dorsey (whatever?).
In any case, summer will arrive officially at 10:54 a.m. this morning and with it will come visits to the pool, cookouts, boating (hopefully) and other outdoor activities. Remember your sun screen and enjoy your extra light today, you will be losing it tomorrow. Have a happy Summer Solstice Day!


Lake Tahoe weather: Winter storm possible this weekend
October 30, 2017
The start of November will bring winter weather to Lake Tahoe.
A winter storm is forecast to move into northern California and northern Nevada by Friday, according to a special statement from the National Weather Service.
The storm, which follows a streak of sunny days with warm temperatures, could impact travel in the northern Sierra Nevada over the weekend. Gusts of wind could further complicate travel.
— NWS Reno (@NWSReno) October 28, 2017
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High temperatures in South Lake Tahoe will range in the mid to high 50s through most of this week.
Western Nevada could see windy conditions and periods of rain and snow. Snow levels could fall below 5,500 feet by the end of the weekend, with some accumulation possible.
NWS recommends completing winterizing projects this week. If you are planning on traveling in the Sierra this weekend, have a winter kit including tire chains, water and food.
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Indore: Low-lying areas flooded, cars swept away in heavy rainfall
Heavy rains in Indore inundated low-lying areas of the Madhya Pradesh city where some cars were swept away due to the strong water current on roads, officials said on Wednesday.
Alarmed by the situation arising due to heavy downpour since Tuesday evening, the district administration declared a holiday for schools on Wednesday.
A Meteorological department official said Indore recorded 108.9 mm rainfall in the 24-hour period ending at 8.30 am on Wednesday.
Rains are likely to continue in the city for the next two days, he said.
"We have sent civic teams to low-lying areas of the city to help the affected people. They have been directed to shift children, women and aged people to safer places first if the need arises," Indore Mayor Pushyamitra Bhargava told PTI.
In western parts of the city, some cars were swept away on a flooded road leading to the Sirpur lake due to the strong water current, but there was so far no report of any casualty, he said.
The rain waters inundated main roads of the city because of which motorists faced a lot of difficulties, as per eyewitnesses.
Indore Collector Manish Shingh said a pond in Nihalpur Mandi area started overflowing after heavy showers and efforts were made to drain out the water from residential areas nearby.
After heavy rains, the situation in the city is under control as of now. We are keeping a watch on the rising water level of rivers and lakes in rural parts of the district and residential colonies located nearby, he said.
Rain in indore pic.twitter.com/AGa2a6Ki44— hitesh singh (@hiteshsingh1121) August 10, 2022


Chassigny Meteorite fell in
1815 contains different gases than the current Martian atmosphere indicating it's from Red Planet.
Meteorite New study
upsets theories on the formation of rocky planets(Venus, Earth, and Mars)
Volatile elements like
hydrogen, carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, & noble gases are acquired from the nebula around a young star.
Chondritic meteors impacting
the young planet then deliver more volatile materials.
Scientists expected that the
volatile elements should reflect the composition of the solar nebula or a mixture of solar and meteorite origins.
The volatiles in
the atmosphere, would primarily come from meteorites.
Noble gases sample ratio
can differentiate between the Solar Nebula and Meteorites


The Leonids meteor shower gives us a celebration every November 17th ... and this year, the skinny moon won't wash them out (hopefully, the clouds won't either!). They are not predicting a meteor storm this year, so expect 15-20 meteors per hour ... enough to keep you interested, not so many that it becomes impossible to count. And there are no mosquitoes (unlike the Perseids in August)!
Meteors are the debris from comets that have passed through our solar system. Earth's orbit passes through the debris cloud once a year and we get a show from the dust!
So, dress like it's 20 degrees colder, set up after midnight (preferably between 2 and 5am), and enjoy.
Email Ms.Levy with your count ... how many meteors did you see? Did you see any fireballs? Did any meteors leave trace clouds? Let me know if you hear any owls, coyotes or any other denizens of the night. (why are are never denizens of the day?!)
Good source info =


Although the remnants of Hurricane Laura are still drenching parts of the eastern U.S. Friday, there are already concerns about more storms stirring in the Atlantic Ocean.
Both have a 30% chance of development within the next five days. For the one in the central Atlantic, the hurricane center said that “some gradual development of this system is possible during the next several days while it moves westward at about 15 mph toward the eastern Caribbean islands.”
For the other one, in the eastern Atlantic near the Cabo Verde Islands, “some development of this system is possible early next week when it begins to move slowly westward over the eastern and central tropical Atlantic,” according to the hurricane center.
Should the systems develop into named storms, the next two names on the list are Nana and Omar. Storms get names when their sustained winds reach 39 mph.
Peak hurricane season lasts from about August 20 through early October with the pinnacle being Sept. 10. But this season has flouted climatology, with many more storms than average.
Seven of this season’s 13 storms have made landfall in the U.S., including hurricanes Hanna, Isaias and Laura.
That’s a new record for U.S. landfalls by the end of August.
Laura was the first major hurricane to make landfall this season, barreling into western Louisiana with 150 mph winds early Thursday morning.
One of the strongest hurricanes on record to strike the United States, Laura was blamed for six deaths in Louisiana.
“Laura rapidly intensified by a remarkable 65 mph in just 24 hours on August 26,” wrote Weather Underground co-founder Jeff Masters in his column for Yale Climate Connections. “That ties Hurricane Karl of 2010 for fastest intensification rate in the Gulf of Mexico on record.”
Source: USA TODAY
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The MoU was signed between Prof. Sharad Gokhale, Department of Civil Engineering, IIT Guwahati and Dr. D. N. Das, Member Secretary of PCBA along with other officials from IIT Guwahati and the PCBA.
The main aim of the MoU signed will be to prepare city-specific interventions and action plans, targeting about 20 to 30% reduction of PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations by 2024, to be implemented by PCBA.
IIT Guwahati is the technical partner and will assist PCBA in carrying out air pollution studies like identifying critical sources, building state-of-the-art air quality monitoring networks, and investigating mitigations in the five identified cities.
Prof. Sharad Gokhale, Department of Civil Engineering, IIT Guwahati, said, “The current levels of PM10 and PM2.5 in Guwahati and other cities of Assam are alarming and show increasing trends. Asthmatic condition among children is on the rise. In light of this, I welcome the move of MoEF&CC as NCAP will create more awareness among the public and help strengthen the capacity building activities to tackle particulate pollution in the selected cities of Assam. IITG is, therefore, committed to extending technical assistance to the PCBA in improving the air quality monitoring network and carrying out technical studies to develop a suitable city-wise air quality management plan, which we will convert into an implementable action plan for the selected cities of Assam.”
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Australia burns - from Reuters
Record cold, but far more record heat......and birther nut Donald Trump goes nuts on climate change too.
I wonder if he was in science class the day they taught about how warmer or hot water freezes more quickly than cold? We know that ocean temperatures are warming. We know that climate change does NOT posit that seasons will cease to exist, but rather that weather will become far more erratic and volatile, so we will also have record cold AND record heat and drought -- as we have.
The dumb Donald leaves out that yesterday, the day when sea ice scientists were rescued from sea ice, there were also sustained record HOT temperatures in Australia. The Reuters report on the same day as the rescue notes those recorded sustained changes in climate have resulted in bush fires, and in ranchers having to slaughter their cattle because of the heat and drought.
Australia swelters after record hot 2013; farmers slaughter cattle, bushfire warning
(Reuters) - A searing heatwave is baking central and northern Australia, piling more misery on drought-hit cattle farmers who have been slaughtering livestock as Australia sweltered through the hottest year on record in 2013.Temperatures have topped 40 degrees Celsius (104 Fahrenheit)in large parts of Australia's key agricultural regions for most of the past week, with the mercury topping 48 degrees Celsius in the central west Queensland town of Birdsville.In view of all that, the inappropriate tweet from Trump is highly offensive.
The heatwave is moving east across Australia, prompting health warnings on Friday in some of the country's biggest cities and firefighters were already battling bushfires.
But it is in the outback that soaring temperatures have had the most devastating impact, especially on cattle farmers in Queensland, which accounts for about 50 percent on the national herd.
"Water supplies are fast diminishing and whatever feed supplies that were left are cooking off to the point where there won't be any left," said Charles Burke, a beef farmer and chief executive of Agforce, a Queensland cattle industry group.
"This drought is shaping to be an absolute disaster."
Monsoon rains in Australia's north failed last summer and the entire continent endured its hottest year since records began in 1910, the Bureau of Meteorology said on Friday.
Average temperatures were 1.2 degree Celsius above the long-term average of 21.8 degree Celsius, breaking the previous record set in 2005.
This very expensive GLOBAL WARMING bullshit has got to stop. Our planet is freezing, record low temps,and our GW scientists are stuck in ice
He is as embarrassing and inappropriate as a climate change denier clown as he was a birther, where his kids had to do an intervention. Trump is as wrong about global warming as he was when factcheck.org busted him lying as a birther.
Somebody hand the man a hat, to cover up that embarrassing comb-over, and a sock for the foot in his mouth. We can't afford the stupidity that results from right wing science denial.
|Trump comb-over, blowing in his own hot air|
|the sock we have in mind|
for the foot in his mouth


March 14, 2012
Cassini Captures Jupiter Jet Stream Waves
New images from Cassini are giving scientists and amateur astronomers new insight into the jet streams of Jupiter. The team pieced together images taken from Cassini in 2000 to create a video, animating the wave that is disturbing Jupiter´s jet waves. These findings are part of an in-depth study that was published in the April 2012 issue of Icarus. Amy Simon-Miller is leading the research.
“This is the first time anyone has actually seen direct wave motion in one of Jupiter´s jet streams,” Simon-Miller told NASA.com. “And by comparing this type of interaction in Earth´s atmosphere to what happens on a planet as radically different as Jupiter, we can learn a lot about both planets.”These jet streams are one of only a few ways the Earth and Jupiter are alike. The strongest and most well-known jet streams on Earth circle the northern and southern poles. The winds blow from west to east, but sometimes sway a bit to the north and the south.
Rossby waves, strong and slow moving waves in the Earth´s atmosphere cause these jet streams to wander north and south. On occasion, these rossby waves are so strong that they can blow the jet streams far off course.
What makes the Jupiter jet streams different is how straight and narrow they travel. While these rossby waves were discovered on Jupiter around 20 years ago, the resulting wandering winds could not be traced. Even more confusing for astronomers was the fact that no evidence could be found of these rossby waves on the southern hemisphere of Jupiter.
NASA employed the Voyager spacecraft, the Hubble telescope, Cassini, and thousands of observations made by amateur astronomers to gain a better understanding of how these rossby waves affected Jupiter´s jet streams.
The images captured by Cassini gave the team the proof they were looking for. As the video put together using the images progresses, the well-ordered line of Jet Streams starts to ripple, a sure sign of rossby waves in effect.
“A planet´s atmosphere is a lot like the string of an instrument,” says co-author Michael D. Allison of the NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies in New York. “If you pluck the string, it can resonate at different frequencies, which we hear as different notes. In the same way, an atmosphere can resonate with different modes, which is why we find different kinds of waves.”
By closely studying and characterizing these waves, the team move one step closer to understanding the deep and complex atmosphere of Jupiter.
In addition to the images and subsequent video of the waves, the raw information taken by Cassini is proving to be a treasure trove for team. Combining measurements from Cassini and measurements by the amateur astronomers on the ground, the team was able to calculate weed speeds and wind speed variations.
Using the information collected during this project, the team at NASA hopes to gain a better understanding about how atmospheres work.
“Understanding the emerging analogies between Earth and Jupiter, as well as the obviously profound differences, helps us learn fundamentally what an atmosphere is and how it can behave,” co-author Gianluigi Adamoli said.
On the Net:


Weather in Mahon
Mahon is the capital of Menorca, one of the Balearic Islands in the Mediterranean Sea. It has a beautiful climate and you can look forward to plenty of sunshine and high temperatures throughout the year.
If you love the heat and sunshine, come in the summer. The best time to visit Mahon is in July and August when temperatures are high and reach up to 30°C.
The Sunshine is consistent for most of the year. The summer has at least 13 hours of sunlight per day that lowers to 11 hours in October and November. If you’re arriving in the spring, you can expect it to rise to 13 hours again.
Rainfall is light over summer and reaches its peak in October. It’s the wettest time of the year, so make sure to pack an umbrella. You can also expect local winds blowing in from southern Europe and the north, which can reach speeds of 13mph.
The best time to go to Mahon for a swim in the sea is in the summer when the average sea temperature is a pleasant 25°C.


Parts Of Hawaii Could Be Blanketed In A Foot Of Snow This Weekend
MAUNA KEA, HAWAII — The summits of two famed Hawaii volcanoes, Mauna Kea and Mauna Loa, were covered in a fresh coat of early December snow.
A winter storm warning has been put in place for parts of Hawaii that are over 8,000 feet in elevation, according to CBS affiliate KGMB. They could see 20-30 inches of snow by Saturday.
The heavy snowfall has caused several closings, including the road to the summits of Mauna Kea and Mauna Loa. Hiking and overnight camping is also prohibited throughout the snowy areas.


We use the high resolution Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model to predict the characteristics of an intense cyclone, Chapala, which formed over the Arabian Sea in October/November 2015. The implemented model consists of two-way interactive nested domains of 9 and 3km. The prediction experiment of the cyclone started on 1200UTC of 26 October 2015 to forecast its landfall and its intensity based on NCEP global model forecasting fields. The results show that the movement of Chapala is well reproduced by our model up to 72 hours, after which track errors become significant. The intensity and cloud features of the extreme event as well as the distribution of hydrometeors is well represented by the model. All the characteristics including eye and eye-wall regions, mesoscale convective systems and distribution of different hydrometers during the lifetime of Chapala are very well simulated. The model output results in several hundred gigabytes of data, we analyze and visualize these data using state of the art computational and visualization software for representing different characteristics of Chapala and to verify the accuracy of the model. We further demonstrate the usefulness of a 3D virtual reality environment and its potential importance in decision-making system development.
|Title of host publication
|2016 4th Saudi International Conference on Information Technology (Big Data Analysis) (KACSTIT)
|Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
|Published - Dec 1 2016


Bhubaneswar, May 3 (IBNS): Cyclone Fani on Friday hit the Odisha coast as impact of its landfall has already started, officials said.
"ESCS FANI about 25 km SSWof Puri at 0830 IST. To cross Odisha coast between Gopalpur & Chandbali close to Puri during 0800-1100 IST. Landfall started at 0800 hrs IST. Part of eye lies over land at 0830. Entire process of eye entering into land will be completed in next 2 hrs. ," Indian Meteorological Department tweeted.
Nealry 11 lakh people have been evacuated to ensure safety before the cyclone hit the coastal state.
With an aim to keep situations under control, the Army, Navy, Air Force, Coast Guard and disaster management agencies have been kept on standby.
Administrations in West Bengal and Andhra Pradesh have also taken precautionary measure for the cyclone which has been described by the Indian Meteorological Department as 'extremely severe cyclonic storm'.
After the landfall the system is very likely to continue to move north-northeastwards, weaken gradually and enter into West Bengal as a Severe Cyclonic Storm with the wind speed of 90-100 kmph gusting to 115 kmph, read the IMD statement issued earlier.
"It is very likely to move further north- northeastwards and emerge into Bangladesh on 4th April evening as a Cyclonic Storm with wind speed 60-70 kmph gusting to 80 kmph," the statement said.
PM Narendra Modi on Thursday chaired a high-level meeting to review preparedness for Cyclone Fani.
The meeting was attended by the Cabinet Secretary, the Principal Secretary to the PM, the Additional Principal Secretary to the PM, the Home Secretary, and other senior officials from the IMD, NDRF, NDMA and PMO among others.
ESCS FANI about 25 km SSWof Puri at 0830 IST. To cross Odisha coast between Gopalpur & Chandbali close to Puri during 0800-1100 IST. Landfall started at 0800 hrs IST. Part of eye lies over land at 0830. Entire process of eye entering into land will be completed in next 2 hrs. pic.twitter.com/2RrDpvyOuj— India Met. Dept. (@Indiametdept) May 3, 2019
In a statement, the East COast Railway said :"Keeping in mind the Safety & Security of Train Passengers in view of Cyclone-FANI, Railways earlier had cancelled 107 trains from 1st to 3rd May, 2019. It has further decided to cancel 40 more trains on different days."
All flights from Odisha's capital city Bhubaneswar have already been cancelled from Thursday midnight.
Kolkata airport will shut its operation from 9:30 PM on Friday.
The districts to be affected seriously include Puri, Jagatsinghpur, Kendrapara, Khurda, Bhadrak and Balasore besides the northern part of Ganjam.


Mar 29, 2020 | Alabama
Vernon Alabama 3.0 Inch Hail Report March 29 2020
Hail Size: 3 Inch
Wind Speed: SSW 11mph
Affected Area: Vernon, Alabama
|In Vernon, Alabama, teacup sized hail was reported at 2:12 AM CDT 3 miles away from Vernon on March 29, 2020. The exact location of the report was from 33.71, -88.11. In the past three years, this area had one hail report within a 10-mile radius.|
Click here for more hail reports from Alabama.
For the latest reports for all states, click here.


ADVISORY WEATHER IMAGES
| Wasatch-Cache National Forest In
partnership with: Utah State Parks and Recreation, Friends of the
Utah Avalanche Center-Logan, and Utah State University College of Natural
The Utah Avalanche Center Home page is: http://www.avalanche.org/~uac/
(click on) Utah Avalanche Center in Logan for our home page
Logan area Avalanche advisory
December 10, 2006
Hello and good morning, this is Toby Weed of the Utah Avalanche Center in Logan with your backcountry avalanche and mountain weather advisory. It's Sunday December 10th, and it's 7:00 in the morning. This advisory is brought to you in part by the Friends of the Utah Avalanche Center in Logan with the help of Import Auto at 502 W, 1400 N.
This morning the National Weather Service issued a Snow Advisory for most Utah mountains. The advisory is from 9:00 this morning until 9:00 tomorrow, and the mountains around Logan should receive a decent shot of snow. Snowfall will intensify during the day today, accompanied by moderate southerly winds. The cold front will arrive this evening, with lightning possible. The winds will shift around from the west and then northwest, and snowfall will continue through tonight. Accumulations could add up to a foot or more in favored upper elevation terrain, with 2 to 4 inches forecast for the Bear River Valley. More storminess is in store for the upcoming week, with the next wave coming through on Tuesday.
It's 22 degrees and the wind is from the south, holding at around 25 mph this morning at the Campbell Scientific weather station on Logan Peak. Clouds will quickly build up this morning, and snowfall will begin by the time most of us make it up to the trailhead this morning. After more than a week without any snow, there's a wide variety of surface snow conditions in the backcountry. You'll find sun crusts of varying strengths on slopes exposed to direct sun, wind crusts on exposed upper elevation slopes, and rotten feeling sugary snow to the ground on mid-elevation shady slopes or in shallow upper elevation areas. The snow in many areas is punchy, especially around rocks, and sometimes you sink to your knees in nasty sugary snow. This can make hill-climbing and turning in un-compacted terrain somewhat hazardous. Today you should prepare for rapidly accumulating snow. If you drive up the Tony Grove Road, be aware that road conditions may drastically deteriorate by this evening.
As snow begins to accumulate on our wide variety of potential weak layers, the avalanche danger will be on the rise. Avalanches remain generally unlikely throughout the region this morning, but by afternoon you might trigger soft slab avalanches on steep slopes. This afternoon I'd be increasingly cautious on steep slopes with developing drifts or substantial deposits of fresh snow, which may not bond well to the underlying old snow surface. With a southerly wind in store for today, drifts are likely to form on the very slopes where weak surface snow exists. In places, drifts are likely to build up on a layer of well developed frost crystals (or surface hoar) or on small sugary grains we call near surface facets. I expect the most danger on upper elevation slopes facing the northern half of the compass. Sunnier slopes sport slick sun crusts of varying strength, which may become sliding surfaces for the accumulating new snow. In short, I expect things to get interesting and the avalanche danger to increase significantly as snow begins to stack up this week in the backcountry.
The avalanche danger will rise to MODERATE this afternoon in the backcountry. Triggered soft slab avalanches will become possible on slopes steeper than about 35 degrees as snow piles up during the day. You're most likely to encounter avalanches later today on exposed upper elevation slopes facing the northern half of the compass. Continued snowfall tonight, especially if accompanied by strong winds, will cause the danger in the backcountry to rise further by Monday.
I'll give a free Avalanche Awareness Talk, open to everyone, at the Logan Ranger District offices on Thursday, December 14th at 6:30.
The Tony Grove Road is not maintained in the winter. That means, you can't quite drive a wheeled vehicle all the way to the lake, and you should be prepared to get stuck in a couple feet of snow if you try. Turning around may be difficult. With limited access to upper elevation snow elsewhere, there's lots of snow-hungry people on the Tony Grove Road. Motorized users need to be aware of this, and we need to keep our speed way down in the proximity of pedestrians.
I'll update my advisories on Tuesday and Thursday evenings and weekend mornings by about 7:00. This advisory will expire early Monday morning, and I may issue a special update if the storm warrants. Normally, I'd update this advisory again on Tuesday evening. Logan Area advisories will be accessible through the new statewide toll-free avalanche info line; 1-888-999-4019.
If you're confused by some of our avalanche terms check out the cool new Avalanche Encyclopedia. Please send backcountry observations to [email protected] or leave us a message at 755-3638, especially if you see or trigger an avalanche in the backcountry.
The information in this advisory is from the U.S. Forest Service, which is solely responsible for its content. This advisory describes general avalanche conditions and local variations always occur.


Patricia, one of the most powerful hurricanes in history, has slammed into Mexico’s Pacific coast.
But as efforts continued to evacuate thousands more people from homes and popular beach resorts, fears of catastrophic damage by the Category 5 storm were eased as it weakened to a Category 4.
Blowing winds of more than 260 kilometres per hour as it made landfall, Patricia is expected to be further downgraded to a tropical storm in the hours ahead. Yet experts have warned that it remains dangerous.
Visible from space, it was described as the strongest storm yet registered in the Western Hemisphere and likened to Typhoon Haiyan which killed thousands in the Philippines in 2013.
Writing from 401 km above Earth on the International Space Station, US astronaut Scott Kelly tweeted images of the giant storm along with messages of support for those on the receiving end of Patricia.
Woke up in the night #Patricia update w latest view from
space_station Thoughts continue for all below #YearInSpace pic.twitter.com/MYmYLA3uPw
— Scott Kelly (StationCDRKelly) 24 Octobre 2015
#Patricia's force isn't lost on me. Thoughts w friends & all in #Mexico#GoodNight from
space_station #YearInSpace pic.twitter.com/FpulnNQleR
— Scott Kelly (StationCDRKelly) 23 Octobre 2015
Despite losing steam, Patricia is said to have sparked flooding and landslides in Mexico, although no serious damage or fatalities have, as yet, been reported.


By George Stephens • 22 December 2019 • 11:09
Severe weather has disrupted Christmas travel plans as authorities issued more than 90 flood warnings in the last 48 hours.
The Environment Agency had put in place 91 flood warnings – meaning flooding was expected and immediate action had to be taken – for the Midlands, south, south-west and south-east of England.
The agency also issued 237 flood alerts – meaning flooding was possible and people needed be prepared – for the same areas and into also further north.
The south of Britain was hammered by rain throughout Saturday, while emergency services were called to Chertsey, Surrey as we reported yesterday after a tornado brought down trees and turned over cars onto their sides and roofs.
The Met Office has put in place a yellow warning, with heavy rain expected to move across southern parts of England.
Flooding of homes and businesses is likely, bus and train services would probably be affected as would road journeys, the office said.
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UV Index Forecast for Wirt County, West Virginia
Below is an interactive map of Wirt County, wv, USA. The markers on the map identify large, populated cities in Wirt County. If you hover over a marker, it will display the city name and the current UV index. The color of the city markers also references the current UV risk level.
The city with the highest UV index this hour (6:00 am) in Wirt County, wv is Newark at 0. Today, the peak UV index for Wirt County will be in Elizabeth, wv around 3:00 pm at 3.3 (Moderate). Over the next five days the peak UV index in Wirt County will be 5.6 (Moderate) and will occur on Friday, September 29th in Elizabeth, wv around 1:00 pm.
Last Updated 59 minutes ago


Manhattan Regional Airport cancels all flights on Tuesday and Wednesday
The Manhattan Regional Airport has canceled all flights Tuesday and Wednesday as the cold Kansas weather isn't likely to warm up for a few days.
"DFW has been experiencing lots of winter weather & has reduced capacity & operations," the airport said in a tweet announcing the cancellations. "Thursday flights are scheduled but please continue to check with American Airlines for updates as things continue to change."
Sub-zero temperatures also forced two days of rolling blackouts to prevent long-term power outages. Almost 100,000 Evergy customers were without power about 9 a.m. Tuesday.
The forecast in Manhattan is predicting a departure from freezing temperatures with a high of 40 degrees over the weekend.


Environmental Health Perspectives
air pollution, area of concern, Ontario, respiratory disease, Windsor
This study is part of a larger research program to examine the relationship between ambient air quality and health in Windsor, Ontario, Canada. We assessed the association between air pollution and daily respiratory hospitalization for different age and sex groups from 1995 to 2000. The pollutants included were nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide, ozone, particulate matter 10 microm in diameter (PM10), coefficient of haze (COH), and total reduced sulfur (TRS). We calculated relative risk (RR) estimates using both time-series and case-crossover methods after controlling for appropriate confounders (temperature, humidity, and change in barometric pressure). The results of both analyses were consistent. We found associations between NO2, SO2, CO, COH, or PM10 and daily hospital admission of respiratory diseases especially among females. For females 0-14 years of age, there was 1-day delayed effect of NO2 (RR = 1.19, case-crossover method), a current-day SO2 (RR = 1.11, time series), and current-day and 1- and 2-day delayed effects for CO by case crossover (RR = 1.15, 1.19, 1.22, respectively). Time-series analysis showed that 1-day delayed effect of PM10 on respiratory admissions of adult males (15-64 years of age), with an RR of 1.18. COH had significant effects on female respiratory hospitalization, especially for 2-day delayed effects on adult females, with RRs of 1.15 and 1.29 using time-series and case-crossover analysis, respectively. There were no significant associations between O3 and TRS with respiratory admissions. These findings provide policy makers with current risks estimates of respiratory hospitalization as a result of poor ambient air quality in a government designated "area of concern."
Luginaah, I. N.; Fung, K. Y.; and Gorey, Kevin M.. (2005). Association of ambient air pollution with respiratory hospitalization in a government-designated “area of concern”: the case of Windsor, Ontario. Environmental Health Perspectives, 113 (3), 290-296.


Victoria's mild start to winter has come to an abrupt halt as a "winter weather bomb" caused destructive winds, rain, hail and blizzard conditions in the alpine areas, the Bureau of Meteorology has said.
Forecaster Kevin Parkyn said the intensity of the weather system caused the pressure to drop, bringing winds of up to 130 kilometres per hour and a storm surge along the coast.
While the destructive winds did not last long, the damage across the state was significant.
"In that time it saw many centres across the state register wind gusts of between 100 and 110kph," Mr Parkyn said.
"The highest or peak wind gust was recorded at Cape Otway, where 128kph gusts were recorded earlier this morning."
Melbourne's bayside suburbs were not spared, experiencing peak wind gusts of 110kph on land and 120kph over the water.
The State Emergency Service responded to more than 2,500 calls across the state and 1,600 in Melbourne alone.
There were about 700 calls related to building damage.
Spokesman Trevor White said he expected the calls for help to continue as people returned home from work to find more damage.
"We expect our [SES] crews, with CFA (Country Fire Authority), DEPI (Department of Environment) and MFB (Metropolitan Fire Brigade) will be working hard through the night and also into tomorrow to clear the damage," he said.
Emergency crews had a number of reports of injuries during the wild conditions, with a number of people being hit by flying debris.
One person was injured when a wall collapsed at Yarraville and there were reports of minor injuries from people being hit by flying trampolines and garden furniture.
Another person was struck by roof sheeting in the CBD and there were several cases of trees coming down on cars.
Mr Parkyn said the worst of the weather was over but there were more high winds forecast for the rest of the week.
"The Bureau of Meteorology is likely to issue severe weather warnings for the rest of the week as the state continues to be buffeted by winter weather systems," Mr Parkyn said.
There were whiteout conditions in the Alpine areas and up to a metre of snow is forecast by the end of the week.
Flooding at Melbourne's Southbank precinct
Ponyfish Island, a bar which normally floats on the Yarra River under the pedestrian bridge in the CBD, was swamped with knee-high water as the river swelled due to unexpectedly high tides combined with the bad weather.
Spokesman Josh Marsh said they would have to wait until the water receded before they could assess the damage.
"We could see the water rising but we've had a few minor floods before which weren't an issue but this one kind of caught us by surprise," he said.
"It happened very quickly.
"Luckily we had a flood management plan which we put in place and we just had to get off the island as quick as possible."
The wharf on the Yarra River, where cruise boats pick up tourists outside Southgate, was also flooded.
At least four ticket booths were swamped and water was lapping at the bottoms of benches along the wharf.
Steven Michalas, of Melbourne River Cruises, said it was the worst flooding he had seen in his 13 years working with the company.
He said they had been expecting a high tide but this one reached 1.75 metres.
"It was expected to be a 0.88 [metre] tide which isn't too bad, but the tide came up very early," he said.
The wharfs on both sides of the Yarra were flooded but it was nowhere near high enough to flood the promenade outside Southgate or the shops inside.
Power gradually being restored
At the peak of the storm, up to 80,000 people were without power.
Damien Batey of United Energy said the worst hit areas were Frankston, the Mornington Peninsula, Sorrento, Mulgrave and Ringwood.
"We've also had quite severe wind gusts of in excess of 100kph," he said.
"That's caused a combination of wires clashing and also situations where power lines have [fallen to the] ground."
Power has been restored to most homes except for some customers in Sorrento, Beaumaris and Bittern.
Lyall Johnson, from Powercor and CitiPower, said up to 35,000 of their customers lost power.
He said if people returned home from work and did not have power they should not panic but it may take a bit longer to get about 238 customers near Bendigo back up and running.
"There is an area near Bendigo where we're really not sure we're going to get people back on much before [this evening]," he said.
On public transport, most lines were expected to be cleared for the afternoon peak after disruptions on tram and train lines caused by fallen trees.
The worst damage was on the Belgrave line near Upper Ferntree Gully.
Trains will only run to Bayswater station until the clean-up is completed.


25th January 2018
Light winds and spells of sunshine. Â If your off the beaten track there’s a widespread breakable crust. Â Firm windslab lies in lee areas.
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The fury of the Feb. 28, 2017 "Fat Tuesday" tornado was felt in a variety of ways.
The wedge-shaped twister had peak winds of 180 mph and was on the ground for 50 miles from 4.8 miles west-northwest of Perryville, Missouri, to 1.8 miles southwest of Christopher, Illinois.
While southern Illinois tornadoes in February are not uncommon -- an EF-4 "Leap Day" tornado struck Harrisburg on Feb. 29, 2012 -- the intensity and distance of the Fat Tuesday tornado made it unique.
"Primarily, it was due to the fact that we had a strong upper-level and mid-level wind shear, which assisted in how fast the funnel was spinning and the miles per hour it was spinning out," said NWS Meteorologist Robin Smith, when asked what made the tornado so intense.
The tornado killed one person and injured 12 while damaging 162 homes along its path of destruction. Of the homes damaged, 61 were destroyed, with the Moore Drive subdivision in Missouri and the Chamestown Road/Vergennes areas being particularly hard-hit.
"Luckily, no one was severely hurt or injured," said Elkville Mayor Lance Bedar. "I'm happy that residents have chosen to stay and rebuild."
Smith was asked what NWS personnel learned from the tornado event.
"We do damage surveys," he said. "We look at the damage and we can correlate that with the severe weather parameters that are being shown in the office.
"If we're looking at X,Y and Z we can compare that with weather events."
The Fat Tuesday tornado is remembered through plenty of storm stories. A City of Perryville trash can lid was found in Ava and a 61-year-old cancelled check, drawn on a Perryville bank, was found in Du Quoin.
Further south in Elkville, a China cabinet with service for 12 survived intact and undisturbed while the surrounding kitchen was destroyed.
"Wind is an interesting thing," said WSIL Meteorologist Nick Hausen. "There's so many things that go into that. It goes into the strength of buildings."
Meteorologists are cautiously predicting another active spring season for storms.
"The first thing we want to do is make sure people have a weather radio that is programmed," Smith said. "The outdoor sirens are just that, for outdoors. They're not meant to be heard indoors.
"You want to have an emergency kit and a designated shelter, either a basement or interior room with no windows."
Smith also suggested families have a disaster plan in case their home is uninhabitable.
"If the home is damaged, you need to know where to meet or who to go to," he said.


WASHINGTON (AP) — Federal forecasters calculated that for most of the Earth, last month was one of the hottest Marchs on record — except in the United States. The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration said […]
WASHINGTON (AP) — Biofuels made from the leftovers of harvested corn plants are worse than gasoline for global warming in the short term, a study shows, challenging the Obama administration’s conclusions that they are a […]
YOKOHAMA, Japan (AP) — If you have already read “12 Pieces of Practical Advice from Housecats,” now you can move on to “8 Reasons to Worry about Global Warming.” A United Nations panel of scientists […]
If you think of climate change as a hazard for some far-off polar bears years from now, you’re mistaken. That’s the message from top climate scientists gathering in Japan this week to assess the impact […]
WASHINGTON (AP) — The Obama administration hopes to fight global warming with the geeky power of numbers, maps and even gaming-type simulations. Officials figure the more you know about climate change the more likely you […]
WASHINGTON (AP) — The globe cozied up to the fourth warmest January on record this year, essentially leaving just the eastern half of the United States out in the cold. And the northern and eastern […]
WASHINGTON (AP) — The Arctic isn’t nearly as bright and white as it used to be because of more ice melting in the ocean, and that’s turning out to be a global problem, a new […]
WASHINGTON (AP) — Last year was tied for the fourth warmest year on record around the world. The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration on Tuesday released its global temperature figures for 2013. The average world […]
WASHINGTON (AP) — A panel of scientists advising the federal government says the world needs to worry more about hard-to-predict sudden changes from global warming than it does about the bigger but more gradual impacts. […]
WASHINGTON (AP) — Starvation, poverty, flooding, heat waves, droughts, war and disease already lead to human tragedies. They’re likely to worsen as the world warms from man-made climate change, a leaked draft of an international […]
WASHINGTON (AP) — America set an off-the-charts heat record in 2012. A brutal combination of a widespread drought and a mostly absent winter pushed the average annual U.S. temperature last year up.
SAN FRANCISCO (AP) — California utility regulators have approved a small, twice-a-year dividend for households to help offset bill increases caused by the state’s new cap-and-trade system.


The 2012 Orionid meteor shower
The 2012 Orionid meteor shower peaked early Sunday, with forecasters predicting up to 25 meteors an hour for patient stargazers with clear skies well away from city lights. Based on accounts sent into SPACE.com, the meteor shower did not disappoint. The Orionid meteor shower is raining bits of the famed Halley's Comet on Earth this weekend to the delight of stargazers around the world.
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Interesting confirmation from the NTDA/NMDA Algorithms in the DMX Archived Review. An earlier Tornado Warning was in effect for a main ESE tracking supercell, with plenty of storm reports previously. Out ahead of this storm, a weak cell was approaching from the SW and was beginning to merge and cut off the necessary inflow to the already ongoing tornado in south-central Jasper County.
This brought forth an interesting situation. NMDA/NTDA algorithms were lining up but at low probabilities at 2034Z (NTDA 23.56%) which was enough to grab my attention. Since this entire event was tricky due to such an elevated storm environment (analyzing SRM/BV at atleast 3.1º and above), seeing the algorithms line up was enough confidence given to propose a new TOR for the southern part of the current polygon.
From here, NMDA began to show increasing trends which supported a visual interpretation of increasing cyclonic rotation in the mid levels.
Further increases in NTDA/NMDA along with increasing Vrot now in the lowest tilt (indicative of either a strengthening tornado or stretching/tightening of rotational velocity to the lowest levels) increased forecaster confidence in the decision of a warning.
This was a great illustration of both an early heads up, and a warning confirmation from both algorithms. Only mistake was not using the Bunkers Right Motion wind barbs to illustrate a tall enough updraft’s potential at a far right deviant motion (with a follow up warning clocked much more southeast to account for this motion)
– Dusty Davis


Mega-storm drenches Mexicans but little damage
Puerto Vallarta (AP):
Record-breaking Hurricane Patricia appeared to leave remarkably little damage as it moved rapidly inland over mountainous western Mexico early yesterday and weakened to tropical depression status, though authorities warned it could still cause deadly floods and mudslides.
Patricia, which peaked as the strongest hurricane on record in the Western Hemisphere, made landfall last Friday on a sparsely populated stretch of Mexico's Pacific coast as a Category 5 storm, avoiding direct hits on the resort city of Puerto Vallarta and major port city of Manzanillo.
There were reports of some flooding and landslides but no word of fatalities or major damage as the storm pushed across inland mountains while bypassing the metropolis of Guadalajara overnight.
Residents of the coast where Patricia came ashore Friday night described an enraged sea that crashed into hotels, scooping beach away from their foundations, and howling winds that toppled trees and telephone posts.
"The waves were coming into the hotel," said Domingo Hernandez, a watchman at the Hotel Barra de Navidad in the resort village of the same name in Jalisco state.
"All the streets here in town are full of downed trees all over the place," said Hern·ndez, who described Patricia as the strongest storm he has seen in a quarter century of living on the coast. "You have to make your way around all the downed telephone poles, the power lines, the trees."
Puerto Vallarta heaved a collective sigh of relief yesterday morning to find itself largely unscathed.
People snapped selfies next to a sculpture overlooking the sea and business owners swept sidewalks as they would on any morning. There were puddles downtown, but nothing more than a passing thunderstorm might leave.


Ozone is a form of elemental oxygen that occurs in the atmosphere, and is classed as an air pollutant harmful to human health. Using the Schönbein technique, levels of ozone at sites of interest can be quantified. Ozone molecules are comprised of three oxygen atoms bonded in a structure that is highly reactive as an oxidizing agent, and they occur in both the stratosphere and troposphere levels of the atmosphere.
Ozone molecules in the stratosphere form the ozone layer, which helps prevent harmful UV rays from reaching the Earth's surface. In lower altitudes of the troposphere, ozone is harmful to human health, and as a pollutant contributes to photochemical smog. Ozone can directly damage human respiratory tissue if inhaled, or harm plant tissues and softer materials, including tires on vehicles.
Ozone presence in the troposphere can be quantified using Schönbein paper, a mixture of starch, potassium iodide, and water spread on filter paper. Once dry, the paper changes color in the presence of ozone.
This video will illustrate the process of making Schönbein paper, placing and reading test strips, and quantifying ozone levels using the Schönbein color scale.
One way that outdoor tropospheric ozone is formed at ground level is when nitrous oxides and volatile organic compounds from automobile emissions are exposed to sunlight. Consequently, conditions for ozone formation and escalated health concern increase in sunny environments, or at times or locations of heavy automobile use.
Indoors, tropospheric ozone can be formed when electrical discharge from high voltage equipment, like ionic air purifiers, laser printers, or photocopiers, break down the chemical bonds of atmospheric oxygen in the surrounding air. The free radicals of oxygen then combine with an oxygen molecule in the air to create ozone.
Using Schönbein paper, filter paper impregnated with a starch and potassium iodide solution, tropospheric ozone can be quantified. Ozone in the air will oxidize the potassium iodide on the paper, producing iodine. The iodine reacts with iodide to produce triiodide, which then reacts with the starch also present on the paper, staining it a deep violet. Intensity of this color will depend on the amount of ozone present in the air, with darker colors indicating higher amounts of tropospheric ozone.
Determining the ozone concentration using this method can be performed at almost any site, indoor or outdoors. Now that we are familiar with the principles behind the Schönbein measurement, let us take a look at how to perform the experiment.
To begin the procedure, place 100 mL of distilled water into a 250-mL beaker. To this, add 6 g of cornstarch. Place the beaker onto a heated stir plate. Turn the heat to a medium-high setting, and stir the mixture until it reaches approximately 90 °C and forms a gel. Next, remove the beaker from the heat source and add 1 g, or ¼ teaspoon, of potassium iodide and stir thoroughly until the potassium iodide is dissolved. Allow the solution to cool for 5 min on the bench top.
Lay a piece of filter paper on a glass plate, and using a small paintbrush, carefully brush the paste onto the filter paper. Turn the filter paper over and repeat on the other side, applying the paste as uniformly as possible. Set the paper out overnight away from sunlight to dry. Alternatively, place in a drying oven at 20 °C until dry. Once dry, cut the paper into 1-inch wide strips. If storing the paper for later use, place the strips in a sealable plastic bag or glass jar out of direct sunlight.
To detect ozone, first spray the strips of test paper lightly with distilled water. Hang a minimum of three strips at each data collection site out of direct sunlight, securely fastened by one end to a structure, or hung by wire. Ensure the strips are unobstructed. Leave the test strips to hang for 8 h.
Note where each strip was hung, and using a psychrometer, measure relative humidity at each site. Alternatively, accessing weather data, record relative humidity at each location during paper exposure. If results will not be read immediately, strips can be sealed in an airtight container after exposure.
To observe and record test results, spray the paper with distilled water. Observe the color by comparing it to the Schönbein color scale and record the corresponding number. Calculate the average Schönbein number for each site.
Use the relative humidity data for each site and the Relative Humidity Schönbein Number Chart to convert Schönbein site averages to ozone concentration, or parts per billion.
The ability to measure and record tropospheric ozone levels has many diverse applications, and the results of such tests can have significant implications for human populations.
In heavily populated urban centers, the convergence of high automobile traffic and dense human population can be a concern for ozone related health problems. Current US thresholds for ozone set by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration are at 0.1 ppm. Health risks of exposure above this level including headaches; eye, nose, and throat irritation; lung damage and hemorrhage, amongst others. In urban Chicagoland, test strips placed for 8 h on a July day in Evanston, Cicero, and Northbrook recorded ozone levels of 71 ppb, 60 ppb, 71 ppb, respectively.
Indoors, safe thresholds for ozone levels are the same as outdoors, and carry the same potential health risks. To ensure the safety of workers or building residents, any premises with large amounts of high-voltage equipment should be tested for ozone levels. Strips placed in the copy machine room for 8 h recorded an indoor ozone level of 5 ppb, which is well below the United States Office of Safety guidelines.
Because of the action of sunlight transforming nitrous oxide and volatile organic compounds into ozone, heatwaves or exceptionally sunny periods can be of concern for urban residents. Monitoring ozone levels over time can build up a picture of potential risk, and allow authorities to issue warnings or ask residents to reduce automobile use at times of high ozone.
You've just watched JoVE's introduction to measuring tropospheric ozone. You should now understand how tropospheric ozone is formed and why it is a concern, how to make Schönbein paper to test for ozone, and how to interpret test results. Thanks for watching!


Cassini has spotted the tallest known "northern lights" in the solar system, flickering in shape and brightness high above the ringed planet.
"The auroras have put on a dazzling show, shape-shifting rapidly and exposing curtains that we suspected were there, but hadn't seen on Saturn before," said Andrew Ingersoll of the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena, who is a member of the Cassini imaging team that processed the new video. "Seeing these things on another planet helps us understand them a little better when we see them on Earth."
Auroras occur on Earth, Jupiter, Saturn and a few other planets, and the new images will help scientists better understand how they are generated. Auroras appear mostly in the high latitudes near a planet's magnetic poles. When charged particles from the magnetosphere -- the magnetic bubble surrounding a planet -- plunge into the planet's upper atmosphere, they cause the atmosphere to glow. The curtain shapes show the paths that these charged particles take as they flow along the lines of the magnetic field between the magnetosphere and the uppermost part of the atmosphere.


Snow and sleet possible this weekend
- Credit: Archant
Cold weather will hit on Sunday after a relatively mild week.
A SPELL of sleet and snow is expected to hit South West England on Sunday following a relatively mild week.
The Met Office today (Friday) issued a yellow grade weather warning for snow for parts of the region.
The warning carried through until 9pm on Monday, with strong, easterly winds that will feel very cold.
Accumulations of three to five cm of snow could also occur quite widely.
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A chief forecaster for the Met Office said: “A low pressure system moving up from the Atlantic will come up against the influx of cold air from the north, bringing persistent sleet and snow.
“At the same time winds will increase, with gusts to 50 mph on coasts and hills.
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“At this stage there is uncertainty about how far north precipitation will push, and also the extent to which snow will settle on the recently warmed ground, and this warning is likely to be updated.”
Keep checking back for more updates.
If you spot any snow this weekend send your photos to firstname.lastname@example.org or tweet us @northdevon24.


Wednesday, 30 May 2012
Rooftop Ballroom (Omni Parker House)
Diffusive/passive samplers can be used to measure spatial variations in ammonia and other trace gases near livestock operations, but results are often confounded by changing weather conditions during extended deployment periods (e.g., 2 weeks). A new type of conditional sampler was developed that only exposes the passive samplers when a user-defined set of wind and weather conditions are met. Samplers were deployed on portable tripods that were linked using a wireless sensor network. A base-station with an anemometer, wind vane, thermometer, and humidity sensor controlled all the tripods allowing synoptic sampling. Multiple tripods, equipped with Radiello diffusive NH3 samplers, were deployed at a dairy and programmed to only expose the passive samplers when the upwind source area represented a specific zone of the operation. Time-averaged ammonia concentrations were used to approximate emissions using both 2-D and 3-D inverse dispersion models. This approach provides a relatively low-cost technique for measuring the spatial variation in emissions near livestock operations and other strong ammonia sources.
- Indicates paper has been withdrawn from meeting
- Indicates an Award Winner


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The storm, with sustained winds of nearly 50 mph (85 kph), emerged from the Yucatan Peninsula over the warm waters of the Gulf of Mexico. A hurricane watch was issued for the southern Texas coast, the U.S. National Hurricane Center said.
|A satellite image of Tropical Storm Dolly, taken on July 21, 2008.
Dolly was 475 miles southeast of the border, where it was due to hit on Wednesday near Brownsville, well away from sensitive offshore drilling rigs and production platforms.
The United States has largely escaped the past two Atlantic hurricane seasons, with just one hurricane -- Humberto in November 2007 -- making landfall on its coasts.
But it was pummeled in 2004 and 2005, when a series of powerful hurricanes, including the catastrophic Katrina, ravaged Florida and the U.S. Gulf Coast.
Concerns that Dolly could affect oil production from the Gulf of Mexico helped pushed crude futures higher, although dealers said Dolly appeared likely to pass south and west of the biggest concentration of U.S. platforms.
Dolly dumped rain in Cancun, home to high-rise hotels overlooking white sand beaches, and other resorts in Mexico's Yucatan Peninsula, but no major damage was reported.
The northeastern state of Tamaulipas on Mexico's Gulf coast, already flooded following heavy rains last week, issued a hurricane warning and began preparing dozens of buildings to receive possible evacuees.
Much of southern Tamaulipas was underwater after three rivers broke their banks and hundreds of families were still stranded on rooftops in the low-lying areas of Tampico, the state capital.
"We are on alert for Dolly, but the situation is already critical. We hope we don't need to do more evacuations," civil protection official Ernesto Rivera said.
Rivera said emergency relief funds were running low and the government was calling for donations of blankets and food.
Shell Oil Co began flying workers from platforms in the western Gulf on Sunday, but Mexico's state oil company Pemex said its production was unlikely to be hit.
"As of now there are no changes in the routine activities at Pemex platforms. The course of the storm is passing far away from the installations," said Javier Delgado, a local spokesman for Pemex on Mexico's coast.


AR2192 is shaping up to be the biggest sunspot in many years. Its area is now approaching that of AR0496, the last great sunspot of the previous solar cycle, which covered 2610 millionths of the solar disc on Oct. 30, 2003. As of 0h UT today AR 2192 is 2410 millionths. (Thanks to Geoff Chester of the US Naval Observatory for this comparison.) Because the sunspot is so large--now about as wide as the planet Jupiter--people are beginning to notice it at sunset when the sun is dimmed by clouds or haze. Pilot Brian Whittaker took this picture on Oct. 21st while flying 36,000 ft over Resolute, Nunavut, Canada:
Photographers beware: Do not look at the sun through unfiltered optics. Even when dimmed by clouds or haze, sunlight amplified by camera lenses can cause serious eye damage. If you decide to photograph the low-hanging sun, use your camera's LCD screen for viewfinding. Better yet, buy a solar telescope.


The shower is usually visible every year between July 17 and August 24 around the world, but it's especially impressive the nights of August 11, 12 and 13, when up to 200 "shooting stars" will cross the sky every hour.
Tiny pieces of debris that are around the size of sand grains hit the earth's atmosphere at around 132,000 miles per hour, causing a fantastical meteor shower each year.
Every year the Earth gets close enough to the comet Swift-Tuttle's orbit to draw its debris into our atmosphere, and this year the new moon will leave a dark sky for us to enjoy the meteor shower during the weekend, its peak.
If you want to wish upon a shooting star, this is your weekend. Tonight, there will be a few clouds around, but you should still be able to see the meteors!
The meteors can be traced to the Perseus constellation, from which they get their name, which will climb in the northeastern sky as the evening passes.
Kanye West: I wasn't stumped by Kimmel's Trump question
Taking to Twitter to clarify the "stumped" moment, he wrote: 'On Jimmy Kimmel . we had a great time having a dialogue. You need a format where you can give a full-throated defence of your views, and again, nobody's arguing that point.
Patience is key. It can take up to 45 minutes for your eyes to adjust to the dark for optimal viewing. Others are brighter and can appear to sail across our sky for several seconds, leaving a glowing smoke trail.
A glorious display of Perseid meteors is set to light up the skies over the United Kingdom tonight - though cloud is forecast in Cumbria.
As you can see from the video, green lights shoot across a star-filled sky in a truly awe-inspiring display.
You'll have a handsome view of one of nature's greatest shows.
To make the best of the meteors, observers should avoid built-up areas and try to find an unobstructed view to the east.


Southwest Airlines said it is suspending flights to and from Dallas Love Field for much of the day Saturday "due to the conditions surrounding Hurricane Ike."
The airline said it suspended all flights to and from Love between 10:30 a.m and 5 p.m.
Southwest said passengers holding reservations on Love Field flights through Monday can rebook at no charge. Passengers holding reservations for a cancelled flight can seek a refund.
Dallas/Fort Worth Airport had issued no new Ike-related weather alerts as of this morning, although bad weather moving through Chicago forced a ground stop on all flights to and from Chicago's O'Hare airport early Saturday.
Late Friday afternoon, D/FW said it "is preparing for potential disruptions in flight schedules Saturday" due to Ike.
"The airport will remain open, but flight delays and cancellations may occur as Ike's strong wind and rain head to North Texas," the airport said.
American Airlines said Friday it expected crosswinds at D/FW to cause headaches as early as Saturday afternoon.
South Texas Airports including Bush Intercontinental and Houston Hobby closed as Ike moved ashore.


Air pollution advisory includes Detroit Lakes area
The Minnesota Pollution Control Agency (MPCA) has issued an air pollution health advisory for the southern two-thirds of Minnesota, including the Twin Cities, Rochester, St. Cloud, Marshall, and Detroit Lakes areas for Thursday, December 17 through Friday, December 18.
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When exactly is the hurricane season?
Hurricane season runs six months, from start of June thru end of November. However, Nov. hurrincanes are quite rare. Also, the late season hurricanes are more likely to develop off Africa, as opposed to early season hurricanes, which tend to develop off the Yucatan Peninsula... So I'd say late Oct / early Nov would be fairly safe as far as avoiding hurricanes. Personally I'd probably still be looking to get travel insurance. Ya never know when the fates will conspire...
sorry, haven't stayed at Mata Rocks, still a AC virgin
but not for much longer