{"url": "https://starmusiq.audio/dolphin-discovery-a-magical-experience-with-marine-life-at-dolphindiscovery-com-mx.html", "date": "2024-03-01T05:42:48Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947474948.91/warc/CC-MAIN-20240301030138-20240301060138-00548.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9253131151199341, "token_count": 3953, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__14727334", "lang": "en", "text": "Have you ever dreamed of swimming with dolphins or interacting with other marine life? If so, Dolphin Discovery in Mexico is the perfect place for you. This unique experience allows you to explore the beauty of the ocean and interact with some of its most intelligent and sociable inhabitants. With locations throughout Mexico, Dolphin Discovery provides guests with a range of exciting activities, including swimming with dolphins, snorkeling with sea turtles, and even interacting with manatees. Whether you are a marine enthusiast, animal lover, or just looking for a new adventure, Dolphin Discovery has something for everyone. In this blog post, we’ll explore the magic of Dolphin Discovery and why it is a must-visit destination for anyone who loves marine life.\n1. Introduction to Dolphin Discovery and its mission\nDolphin Discovery is a renowned organization that offers a truly magical experience with marine life. With their website dolphindiscovery.com.mx, they have established a platform where people from all over the world can connect with these incredible creatures in a responsible and educational manner.\nThe mission of Dolphin Discovery goes beyond simply providing entertainment; it is rooted in their commitment to the wellbeing and conservation of marine life. They strive to create unforgettable experiences for visitors while promoting awareness and understanding of the importance of protecting our oceans and the creatures that call them home.\nAt Dolphin Discovery, their team of experts and highly trained staff work tirelessly to ensure the highest standards of animal care and welfare. They have implemented comprehensive programs that focus on the physical and emotional well-being of the dolphins and other marine species under their care. Through research, education, and interactive activities, Dolphin Discovery aims to create a deeper connection between humans and marine life, fostering a sense of respect and appreciation for these incredible beings.\nBy visiting dolphindiscovery.com.mx, individuals can explore the various programs and packages offered by Dolphin Discovery, ranging from swimming with dolphins to interactive presentations and educational workshops. Whether you are a marine enthusiast, a family seeking a unique adventure, or simply someone who wants to learn more about these magnificent creatures, Dolphin Discovery provides an opportunity to engage with marine life in a responsible and sustainable manner.\nJoin Dolphin Discovery on a journey of discovery and awe-inspiring encounters with dolphins, sea lions, manatees, and more. Through their commitment to marine conservation and their dedication to providing unforgettable experiences, Dolphin Discovery is truly a leader in the field of marine life encounters.\n2. The various locations and facilities offered by Dolphin Discovery\nDolphin Discovery offers an array of breathtaking locations and world-class facilities that provide an unforgettable and magical experience with marine life. With multiple locations across Mexico and the Caribbean, Dolphin Discovery ensures that everyone can have the opportunity to get up close and personal with these magnificent creatures.\nOne of the prime locations is located in Cancun, where visitors can dive into the crystal-clear waters of the Caribbean Sea and swim alongside dolphins in their natural habitat. This idyllic setting creates a surreal experience, as you witness these intelligent and playful creatures gracefully gliding through the turquoise waters.\nIf you find yourself in the Riviera Maya, you can immerse yourself in the extraordinary world of dolphins at Puerto Aventuras. This state-of-the-art facility offers various interactive programs, allowing you to swim, play, and even share a kiss with these gentle marine mammals. The expert staff at Dolphin Discovery ensures that every interaction is safe, educational, and filled with joy.\nFor those exploring the picturesque island of Cozumel, Dolphin Discovery boasts a stunning facility nestled amidst lush tropical landscapes. Here, you can embark on an adventure-filled day as you encounter dolphins, manatees, sea lions, and even sharks. With a range of programs to choose from, including the thrilling Dolphin Royal Swim, you can create memories that will last a lifetime.\nDolphin Discovery also extends its reach to other breathtaking destinations such as Isla Mujeres, Tulum, and Costa Maya, each offering extraordinary encounters with marine life. Whether you’re seeking an intimate experience or an exciting group activity, there is a perfect option for everyone.\nWith their commitment to conservation and education, Dolphin Discovery ensures that each visit goes beyond entertainment. Their facilities serve as a platform for research, conservation programs, and educational initiatives, aiming to raise awareness about marine life and the importance of preserving their natural habitats.\nNo matter which location you choose, Dolphin Discovery guarantees an enchanting experience that will leave you with a profound appreciation for these majestic creatures. So, grab your swimsuit, embark on an adventure, and create everlasting memories with Dolphin Discovery.\n3. The unique and interactive dolphin experiences available\nAt dolphindiscovery.com.mx, you are invited to embark on a truly unforgettable adventure with their unique and interactive dolphin experiences. The magic of these encounters allows you to connect with these magnificent creatures in a way that is both educational and awe-inspiring.\nOne of the most popular experiences offered is the Dolphin Swim program. This immersive encounter gives you the opportunity to swim and interact with dolphins in their natural habitat. Under the guidance of experienced trainers, you’ll learn about dolphin behavior, communication, and their incredible intelligence. Feel the thrill as these graceful creatures glide through the water alongside you, creating memories that will last a lifetime.\nFor those seeking a more intimate experience, the Dolphin Encounter is the perfect choice. This program allows you to wade into shallow water and meet dolphins up close. You’ll have the chance to touch, play, and learn from these gentle mammals while gaining a deeper understanding of their fascinating world.\nIf you’re looking to make a lasting impact, the Dolphin Trainer for a Day program is an extraordinary opportunity. This behind-the-scenes experience lets you step into the shoes of a dolphin trainer, working alongside the dedicated team to care for and train these intelligent creatures. From preparing their meals to participating in training sessions, you’ll gain a newfound appreciation for the dedication and expertise required to work with dolphins.\nNo matter which experience you choose, Dolphin Discovery ensures that the welfare of their animals is of utmost importance. Their team is committed to conservation efforts and promoting awareness about marine life, making your visit not only enjoyable but also meaningful.\nWhether you’re a marine enthusiast, a nature lover, or simply seeking an extraordinary adventure, the unique and interactive dolphin experiences at dolphindiscovery.com.mx are sure to leave you with cherished memories and a newfound appreciation for these incredible creatures. Dive into a world of wonder and embark on an experience of a lifetime.\n4. The educational and conservation efforts of Dolphin Discovery\nDolphin Discovery is not only a place for awe-inspiring entertainment and unforgettable interactions with marine life but also a hub for educational and conservation efforts. The team at Dolphin Discovery is deeply committed to promoting awareness and understanding of these incredible creatures, ensuring their preservation for future generations.\nAs you step into the world of Dolphin Discovery, you will be immersed in an educational experience like no other. Knowledgeable trainers and marine biologists are always on hand to provide fascinating insights into the behaviors, habitats, and conservation challenges faced by dolphins and other marine species. Through interactive presentations, workshops, and informative displays, visitors of all ages can learn about the importance of conservation and the ways in which they can contribute to protecting these magnificent creatures and their natural habitats.\nDolphin Discovery actively participates in research initiatives and collaborates with renowned marine conservation organizations to contribute to the scientific understanding of dolphins and their ecosystems. By supporting research projects, such as population studies and behavioral research, Dolphin Discovery aims to enhance the knowledge and conservation efforts surrounding these incredible creatures.\nFurthermore, Dolphin Discovery is involved in various conservation programs designed to protect endangered marine species and their habitats. Through partnerships with local communities, government agencies, and environmental organizations, Dolphin Discovery works towards fostering sustainable practices and raising awareness about the importance of preserving marine ecosystems.\nVisiting Dolphin Discovery not only allows you to witness the magic of dolphins up close but also enables you to be a part of their conservation journey. By supporting Dolphin Discovery and its educational and conservation initiatives, you contribute to the preservation of these remarkable creatures and the precious marine environments they call home.\nSo, embark on a journey of discovery, education, and conservation at Dolphin Discovery, and be inspired by the remarkable efforts dedicated to the well-being and protection of marine life.\n5. Testimonials from visitors who have had a memorable experience\nVisitors who have had the opportunity to experience Dolphin Discovery firsthand have left behind glowing testimonials of their memorable encounters. These testimonials paint a vivid picture of the magical experience one can expect when engaging with marine life at dolphindiscovery.com.mx.\nOne delighted visitor, Sarah, shared her awe-inspiring encounter, stating, “Swimming with dolphins at Dolphin Discovery was an absolute dream come true! The trainers were knowledgeable, friendly, and made sure we felt comfortable throughout the entire experience. Being able to interact with these incredible creatures up close was a truly unforgettable moment.”\nAnother visitor, Michael, expressed his gratitude for the exceptional service provided, saying, “I was blown away by the level of professionalism and care shown by the staff at Dolphin Discovery. From the moment we arrived, we were greeted with warmth and enthusiasm. The trainers took the time to educate us about the dolphins and their conservation efforts, making the experience not only fun but also educational. It was an incredible adventure that I will cherish forever.”\nThese testimonials highlight the exceptional quality of the dolphin encounters at Dolphin Discovery. Visitors consistently praise the knowledgeable and friendly staff, the educational aspect of the experience, and, of course, the exhilaration of interacting with these magnificent marine creatures.\nWhether it’s fulfilling a lifelong dream, creating lasting memories with loved ones, or simply seeking a unique and awe-inspiring adventure, Dolphin Discovery has proven to be a destination that leaves a lasting impression on its visitors. The testimonials serve as a testament to the incredible experiences and magical moments that await those who choose to embark on this unforgettable journey at dolphindiscovery.com.mx.\n6. Tips and guidelines for planning a visit to Dolphin Discovery\nPlanning a visit to Dolphin Discovery is an exciting endeavor that promises to be a truly magical experience with marine life. To ensure that your visit goes smoothly and you make the most of your time at Dolphin Discovery, here are some essential tips and guidelines to consider.\n1. Book in Advance: Dolphin Discovery is a popular attraction, so it’s advisable to book your visit in advance to secure your spot. This will help you avoid any disappointment and ensure that you have a confirmed time slot for your interaction with the dolphins.\n2. Choose the Right Package: Dolphin Discovery offers various packages tailored to different preferences and budgets. Take the time to explore the options available and select the package that best suits your interests and requirements. Whether you want a swim with dolphins, a dolphin encounter, or other unique experiences, there’s something for everyone at Dolphin Discovery.\n3. Check Age and Height Restrictions: Before making your booking, be sure to check the age and height restrictions for each activity. Some interactions may have specific requirements to ensure the safety and comfort of both visitors and the dolphins. It’s important to comply with these restrictions to have an enjoyable and safe experience.\n4. Pack Appropriately: Dress comfortably for your visit to Dolphin Discovery. It’s recommended to wear a swimsuit or beach attire, as most activities involve getting into the water. Don’t forget to bring sunscreen, a towel, and any necessary personal items.\n5. Follow Instructions: Once you arrive at Dolphin Discovery, listen carefully to the instructions provided by the professional trainers. They will guide you on how to interact with the dolphins, ensuring both your safety and the well-being of these incredible creatures. Paying attention to these instructions will enhance your experience and create unforgettable memories.\n6. Respect the Environment: Dolphin Discovery is committed to the conservation and protection of marine life. As a visitor, it’s important to respect the natural habitat of the dolphins and other marine animals. Avoid any actions that could harm or disturb them, and always follow the guidelines provided by the staff.\nBy following these tips and guidelines, you’ll be well-prepared to embark on a remarkable journey at Dolphin Discovery. Get ready to create lifelong memories as you connect with these beautiful creatures and gain a deeper appreciation for the wonders of marine life.\n7. The importance of ethical tourism and responsible marine life interaction\nWhen it comes to experiencing marine life, it’s crucial to prioritize ethical tourism and responsible interaction. At Dolphin Discovery, we believe in the harmonious coexistence between humans and marine animals. Our commitment to conservation, education, and ethical practices sets us apart and ensures a magical experience for both visitors and the marine life we interact with.\nEthical tourism involves providing a safe and natural environment for the animals, where their physical and mental well-being is a priority. At Dolphin Discovery, our marine animals live in spacious, state-of-the-art facilities designed to mimic their natural habitats. We adhere to strict ethical guidelines that prohibit any form of animal mistreatment or exploitation.\nResponsible marine life interaction means that we offer unique and memorable experiences while minimizing any impact on the animals and their environment. Our highly trained staff supervises all interactions to ensure the safety and comfort of both visitors and the marine animals. We promote respectful behavior, such as refraining from touching or feeding the animals in a way that could cause harm or disrupt their natural behaviors.\nFurthermore, education plays a vital role in our approach to responsible marine life interaction. We believe that by fostering an understanding and appreciation for these incredible creatures, we can inspire visitors to become advocates for their protection. Our educational programs and presentations aim to raise awareness about marine conservation and the importance of preserving these magnificent animals and their habitats.\nBy choosing to engage in ethical tourism and responsible marine life interaction at Dolphin Discovery, you not only have the opportunity to create unforgettable memories but also contribute to the ongoing conservation efforts. Together, we can ensure a sustainable future for marine life and continue to offer magical experiences that leave a positive impact on both humans and the natural world.\n8. Other attractions and activities offered by Dolphin Discovery\nIn addition to the incredible dolphin encounters, Dolphin Discovery offers a wide range of other attractions and activities that are sure to create lasting memories for visitors of all ages.\nOne of the most popular options is the Sea Lion Encounter, where you can get up close and personal with these playful and intelligent creatures. Learn about their behaviors and characteristics from experienced trainers, and even have the opportunity to touch and interact with them in a safe and controlled environment. It’s an experience that will leave you in awe of these charming animals.\nFor those seeking a more adventurous experience, Dolphin Discovery also offers the chance to swim with gentle and majestic manatees. These gentle giants will capture your heart as you learn about their conservation and enjoy an intimate encounter with these wonderful creatures.\nIf you’re looking for a more educational experience, Dolphin Discovery offers interactive programs where you can learn about the fascinating world of sea turtles. From hatchlings to adults, you’ll gain insight into their life cycle, conservation efforts, and have the opportunity to touch and observe these captivating creatures up close.\nFor those who want to explore the underwater world without getting wet, Dolphin Discovery offers a unique experience called Sea Trek. With a specialized helmet that allows you to breathe underwater, you can walk along the ocean floor while surrounded by colorful marine life. It’s a truly immersive experience that will make you feel like you’re part of the underwater world.\nIn addition to these amazing attractions, Dolphin Discovery also offers various water activities such as snorkeling, kayaking, and paddleboarding, allowing you to make the most of your time at their beautiful locations.\nNo matter which attraction or activity you choose, Dolphin Discovery ensures that each experience is not only entertaining but also educational, promoting a deeper understanding and appreciation for marine life. So, whether you’re seeking adventure, education, or simply a magical encounter with marine animals, Dolphin Discovery has something for everyone.\n9. How to support Dolphin Discovery’s conservation efforts\nDolphin Discovery is not just about providing an unforgettable experience with marine life; they are also committed to conservation efforts. If you are passionate about preserving our oceans and marine ecosystems, there are several ways you can support Dolphin Discovery’s conservation initiatives.\n1. Choose Dolphin Discovery for your marine adventures: By visiting their parks and participating in their programs, you are directly contributing to their conservation efforts. Dolphin Discovery uses a portion of their proceeds to fund research, conservation projects, and educational programs aimed at protecting marine life.\n2. Spread awareness: Share your experience at Dolphin Discovery on social media and encourage others to visit and support their cause. By raising awareness about the importance of marine conservation, you can inspire others to take action and make a difference.\n3. Get involved in volunteer programs: Dolphin Discovery offers volunteer opportunities for individuals who want to actively contribute to marine conservation. Whether it’s participating in beach clean-ups, assisting with research projects, or educating visitors, these hands-on experiences allow you to make a tangible impact on the environment.\n4. Support local conservation organizations: Dolphin Discovery collaborates with various conservation organizations and initiatives. Consider donating to these organizations or getting involved in their activities to further support marine conservation efforts beyond your visit to Dolphin Discovery.\n5. Be a responsible traveler: When visiting Dolphin Discovery or any marine environment, it is crucial to follow responsible tourism practices. Respect marine life, follow guidelines set by Dolphin Discovery, and avoid any activities that may harm the environment or its inhabitants. By practicing responsible tourism, you contribute to the overall conservation of marine ecosystems.\nBy supporting Dolphin Discovery’s conservation efforts, you become an ally in their mission to protect marine life and ensure that future generations can continue to experience the wonders of our oceans. Together, we can make a difference and create a sustainable future for marine ecosystems.\n10. Conclusion and invitation to experience the magic of Dolphin Discovery\nIn conclusion, Dolphin Discovery offers a truly magical experience with marine life that is not to be missed. From the moment you step foot into their world, you are transported to a realm of wonder and awe. The incredible intelligence and grace of the dolphins will leave you mesmerized, while the playful nature of the sea lions and manatees will warm your heart.\nWhether you are seeking a thrilling adventure or a peaceful encounter, Dolphin Discovery has something for everyone. Their team of dedicated trainers and marine biologists ensure the utmost care and respect for the animals, making every interaction an ethical and educational experience.\nSo, why wait? Dive into the enchanting world of Dolphin Discovery by visiting their website at dolphindiscovery.com.mx. Explore the various locations and activities they offer, and book your unforgettable experience today.\nPrepare to be amazed, inspired, and connected to the magical realm of marine life like never before. Dolphin Discovery awaits, ready to create memories that will last a lifetime. Embark on this extraordinary journey and discover the true beauty and wonder of our ocean’s most magnificent creatures.", "domain": "ocean_science"}
{"url": "https://scottishherring.org/about-scottish-herring/spawning-ecology/", "date": "2023-09-25T14:23:23Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-40/segments/1695233508977.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20230925115505-20230925145505-00038.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8297240734100342, "token_count": 1577, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-40", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-40__0__91995635", "lang": "en", "text": "Unlike most marine fish, herring rely on specific benthic (seabed) habitat to reproduce. They typically spawn in environments with elevated oxygen levels, which lowers egg mortality [1, 2]. This may be areas with strong currents, over coarse substrate (e.g., gravel, small rocks, shingle, coarse sand, broken mollusc shells) and on photosynthesising marine plants [3, 4].\nIn Scottish waters, herring reproduce in autumn or spring. Autumn-spawning herring spawn primarily near offshore banks in the North Sea and to the west of the Hebrides. Spring-spawning herring spawn in shallower nearshore environments along the west coast, typically in March (see video) . When referring to spawning locations, a “spawning bed” is a discrete patch of seabed where herring eggs are deposited, and a “spawning ground” is a larger geographic area encompassing one or more spawning beds and all the adjoining potential spawning habitat .\nAlong the west coast of Scotland, spring-spawning herring frequently spawn over beds of coralline red algae, called maerl, a Priority Marine Feature in Scottish seas. Seabed geomorphology and salinity are also important habitat cues for the selection of spawning beds by herring schools . Availability and conservation of essential spawning habitat is key for this benthic spawner, yet knowledge of location and status of spawning beds is scarce in some areas, especially the west coast of Scotland . The ‘West of Scotland Herring Hunt’ project is identifying and producing evidence for the conservation, and potentially restoration, of herring spawning habitat on the Scottish west coast.\nPrior to spawning, herring populations gather close to spawning grounds in areas with similar environmental conditions. Adult herring usually return to the spawning grounds where they hatched. Females then deposit their eggs onto the seabed. The eggs stick onto the substrate, forming dense layers. The total number of eggs laid per female varies from 21,000 to 47,000 . Males follow closely and release ribbons of milt which sink and fertilise the eggs. Herring spawn in multiple waves with repeat spawners spawning first, followed by first-time (recruit) spawners . This results in a build-up of egg masses consisting of different development stages. Hatching of the larvae occurs between 7 days to 3 weeks after spawning, depending on temperature. Cold water slows the development of embryos . Light to moderate winds and wave action induce larval hatching due to increased aeration of the spawn .\nLarvae of spring-spawning herring hatch with large yolk-sac reserves. This allows them to grow until summer, when plankton is abundant, and they metamorphose into juveniles. Autumn-spawning larvae hatch after the productive summer feeding season. They are capable of surviving, without much growth, over extended periods in cooler, less productive waters until metamorphosing in spring . Larvae are planktonic (floating in the water) and remain near spawning grounds  or passively drift to nursery areas in the north and east of Scotland on the prevailing currents . Once mature, individuals will form large shoals that migrate between feeding grounds, spawning grounds and overwintering areas .\nBanner image: Herring eggs on maerl. © Andy Jackson, SubSeaTV; reproduced with permission.\n Aneer G (1989) Herring (Clupea harengus L.) spawning and spawning ground characteristics in the Baltic Sea. Fish Res 8:169–195. https://doi.org/10.1016/0165-7836(89)90030-1\n von Nordheim L, Kotterba P, Moll D, Polte P (2018) Impact of Spawning Substrate Complexity on Egg Survival of Atlantic Herring (Clupea harengus, L.) in the Baltic Sea. Estuaries and Coasts 41:549–559. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-017-0283-5\n Woods HA, Podolsky RD (2007) Photosynthesis drives oxygen levels in macrophyte-associated gastropod egg masses. Biol Bull 213:88–94. https://doi.org/10.2307/25066621\n Phillips NE, Moran AL (2015) Oxygen production from macrophytes decreases development time in benthic egg masses of a marine gastropod. Hydrobiologia 757:251–259. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-015-2256-7\n Frost M, Diele K (2022) Essential spawning grounds of Scottish herring: current knowledge and future challenges. Rev Fish Biol Fish 32:721-744. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11160-022-09703-0\n O’Sullivan, D., O’Keefe, E., Berry, A., Tully, O., and Clarke, M. (2013). An Inventory of Irish Herring Spawning Grounds. Irish Fisheries Bulletin No. 42: Marine Institute\n Moll D, Kotterba P, von Nordheim L, Polte P (2018) Storm-Induced Atlantic Herring (Clupea harengus) Egg Mortality in Baltic Sea Inshore Spawning Areas. Estuaries and Coasts 41:1–12. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-017-0259-5\n Cunningham JT (1896) The Natural History of the Marketable Marine Fishes of the British Islands. The MacMillan Co. New York.\n Skaret G, Slotte A (2017) Herring submesoscale dynamics through a major spawning wave: Duration, abundance fluctuation, distribution, and schooling. ICES J Mar Sci 74:717–727. https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsw180\n Geffen AJ (2009) Advances in herring biology: from simple to complex, coping with plasticity and adaptability. ICES J Mar Sci 66:1688–1695\n von Dorrien C, Hammer C, Zimmermann C, et al (2013) A review on herring, clupea harengus (Actinopterygii: Clupeiformes: Clupeidae) recruitment and early life stage ecology in the western baltic sea. Acta Ichthyol Piscat 43:169–182. https://doi.org/10.3750/AIP2013.43.3.01\n Bartsch J, Brander K, Heath M, et al (1989) Modelling the advection of herring larvae in the North Sea. Nature 340:632–636. https://doi.org/10.1038/340632a0\n Dragesund O, Hamre J, Ulltang Ø (1980) Biology and population dynamics of the Norwegian spring-spawning herring. Kapp. P.-v. Riun. Cons. int. Explor. Mer 177:43-71.\n Barreto E, Bailey N, (2015) Fish and Shellfish Stocks. Marine Scotland Science.", "domain": "ocean_science"}
{"url": "https://travel-wander.com/home/204-bali-turtle-conservation-rehabilitation-centre.html", "date": "2018-09-20T16:23:15Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-39/segments/1537267156524.34/warc/CC-MAIN-20180920155933-20180920180333-00279.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8869438767433167, "token_count": 107, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2018-39", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-39__0__141043286", "lang": "en", "text": "The Turtle Conservation project is located on the charming island of Nusa Penida. Work alongside a local team and help protect the endangered sea turtles of Indonesia.\nThrough this program, you will contribute to protect the turtle population in Nusa Penida by working at our turtle conservation center. Depending on the time of the year (turtles do not nest all year round), you may be identifying turtle species, collecting eggs, monitoring nests or seeing hatchlings get safely to sea.\nDuration: 6 days\nThis programme starts every Sunday.", "domain": "ocean_science"}
{"url": "https://www.mundenfuneralhome.com/obituaries/dennison-breese", "date": "2024-03-02T19:32:03Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947475897.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20240302184020-20240302214020-00541.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.98070228099823, "token_count": 2135, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__41289628", "lang": "en", "text": "Dennison “Denny” Breese, a man who made himself at home in the sea, as a shipwreck diver, deep ocean explorer, engineer, and inventor, and who, as a young sailor in the U.S. Navy, was a crew member on the USS Nautilus, the world’s first nuclear-powered submarine, as it made history in 1958 by sailing under the Arctic ice to the North Pole, died on November 26, 2023 in Beaufort, N.C. He was 88 years old.\nHaving discovered a passion for the water as a child growing up in southern California, Denny Breese spent a lifetime seeking adventures that would take him to the hidden depths of the ocean. But he was far more than a diver. His boundless curiosity and passion for discovery and for finding engineering solutions to seemingly unfathomable underwater challenges earned him a reputation as a creative problem-solver and a sought-after crew member on countless ocean expeditions.\nA lifetime of deep-sea adventures worthy of a Jules Verne novel began with his four-year stint on the crew of the USS Nautilus (SSN-571). Breese joined the Navy in January 1955 and immediately was sent to submarine duty. In July, he joined the Nautilus’s original crew, embarking on a journey that culminated with a top-secret mission that would shock the world.\nIn the summer of 1958, the submarine left its base in New London, Conn., and sailed south to the Panama Canal and into the Pacific Ocean where it docked at Pearl Harbor in Hawaii. The ship, with 116 crew members aboard, then made stops along the West Coast up to Seattle. When the Nautilus departed Seattle, the crew thought the ship was heading home, but Captain William R. Anderson informed them they were heading north to the Arctic. The covert mission, nicknamed “Operation Sunshine,” would take the Nautilus 1830 nautical miles under the ice-covered mass to the North Pole, and then on to the Atlantic Ocean. No ship had ever been able to reach the North Pole due to the deep-packed ice of the Arctic Ocean. A first attempt had to be aborted, but a few weeks later, the second voyage succeeded.\nDenny Breese, at 22 years old, was the ship’s Electronics Technician. With the U.S. deeply immersed in the Cold War with the Soviet Union, the Nautilus’s mission was crucial to advancing America’s submarine-launched ballistic missile (SLBM) weapons system. It had been personally approved by President Dwight Eisenhower. On August 3, 1958 the Nautilus reached the geographic North Pole and the jubilant crew celebrated.\nBreese, embracing the moment, wrote a hasty letter to his brother Nick and put it in an envelope stamped with a special North Pole dateline created for the mission.\n“This will be short,” Breese wrote to his brother in Chula Vista, California. “I just found out the mail is leaving the boat in 15 minutes. I just want you to get this envelope that was stamped from the North Pole.” Sending mail from the North Pole proved daunting. The letter was lost in transit and went undelivered for more than three decades. Incredibly, it was eventually delivered in November 1990, 32 years after it was mailed. The U.S. Postal Service couldn’t explain where the letter had been all those years. But the story made it into the New York Times and newspapers across the country.\n“That was a pretty exciting event,” said Breese’s crewmate William Gaines about the mission. “We realized we were the first ones to do it. Only one can be the first.” Breese and his crewmates received the Presidential Unit Citation from President Eisenhower for heroism for their historic achievement, the first such award in peacetime, and the officers and crew were honored with a tickertape parade in Manhattan.\n“Denny was extremely popular, the cool kid from Southern California,” Gaines recalled. “Everybody enjoyed him.” An innovator, Breese recruited a group of crew members and taught them how to scuba dive. The group was dubbed “The Sea Suckers.”\nAfter his experience on the Nautilus, Breese’s post-Navy career was marked by a series of pioneering efforts in deep ocean diving and research. A history buff, he indulged his childhood dream of finding hidden treasure by locating and diving on shipwrecks. Everything about the burgeoning industry of ocean exploration intrigued him. He was present at the advent of an era of record-breaking deep dives requiring innovative submersibles and technology.\nIn the mid-1960s, he was a crew member on the experimental aluminum submarine, The Aluminaut. He was on board when the Aluminaut broke the world’s depth record for submarines by diving to a depth of 6000 feet, well over a nautical mile.\nIn 1966, he was part of the Aluminaut crew that recovered an unarmed hydrogen bomb that had been lost in the Mediterranean Sea off the coast of Spain when a U.S. Air Force B-52 bomber collided with a tanker during a mid-air refueling. The search took two and a half months.\nIn the late 60s, working for Ocean Systems, Inc., he was one of two divers on the Deep Diver, a deep-sea scientific research submersible designed by Edwin Link as part of his famed “Man-in-Sea” exploration initiative. The first such vessel designed for “lockout” diving, it allowed divers to leave and enter the craft while underwater. With Breese on board, the Deep Diver set a depth record for open ocean dives, and Breese worked outside the vessel at a depth of 700 feet to collect biological samples and make research surveys with biologists from the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. He was featured in a 1968 National Geographic article about the Deep Diver.\nIn 1970, he joined Perry Oceanographics and helped develop the Hydrolab, an underwater habitat for air saturation diving for marine science. Breese spent more than a decade designing, constructing and operating advanced diving saturation systems.\nAlways eager to find treasure, Breese located shipwrecks in the U.S., Bermuda, the Bahamas, and Turks and Caicos. Using an underwater metal detector he developed, he helped treasure hunter Mel Fisher locate the bulk of gold, silver and jewels of the Spanish galleon Nuestra Senora de Atocha, which held treasure worth upwards of a half billion dollars. The ship, which sunk in a hurricane off the Florida Keys in 1622, was named the most valuable shipwreck ever to be recovered. Breese was paid seven years later in silver bars and gold coins.\n“Denny was technically very creative about how to approach shipwrecks,” said William Mathers, who shared a background in treasure hunting and marine construction with Denny. “He was always incredibly positive, both spiritually and from a technical point of view.”\nWord of his prowess spread and Breese was recruited to work as a dive safety coordinator with famed underwater cinematographer Al Giddings on Hollywood films such as The Abyss, directed by James Cameron, and The Deep, based on Peter Benchley’s novel.\nThe multifaceted Breese viewed every obstacle as an opportunity. Living on the coast of North Carolina in Beaufort, he owned a dredging company for which he designed and patented his Seadozer dredge with which he dredged the sand and installed 3000 feet of storm drains in the surf of Myrtle Beach, South Carolina. He worked on shore erosion projects around the world.\nA joyful, caring and loving man, Breese was an iconoclast who marched to the beat of his own well-crafted drum. He lived for a time on a boat he built himself. He avoided eating fish or seafood because he so loved and respected the creatures of the ocean.\n“He was always trying to solve the world’s problems,” Kara Breese said about her father. “When the nuclear power plant accident occurred in 2011 in Fukushima, Japan, he designed a solution to the crisis and did everything he could to connect with the Japanese government. He was frustrated that he couldn’t get them to listen.”\nDennison Kidder Breese was born on September 7, 1935, in Manhattan, Kansas to Reuben Breese and Kathryn (McConnell) Breese. Breese was one of four children. The family moved to La Jolla, California when Denny was a child and he grew up spellbound by the nearby ocean.\nHe began diving when he was 12 and built his first underwater camera at age 14. He joined the “Sea Spooks” diving club in nearby Chula Vista, where he went to high school, graduating in 1953. Though he never attended college, Breese was a voracious lifelong reader of history and other non-fiction and knew from an early age that he would spend much of his life underwater.\nBreese had two children, Christopher Gove and Denise Gove, by his first wife, Patricia Reynolds, and two daughters, Willa “Birdie” and Kathryn “Kara” Breese, by his second wife Willa Breese. He is survived by his sister, Virginia “Ginny” Tinkle, by Patricia and Willa, by his four children and by his granddaughter, Alyson Gove.\nHis former wife, Sun Daniel, cared for him as he battled illness and she and his nephew Mike were by his side during his final days.\n“His bookshelf was stacked with maritime and wartime non-fiction history books, underwater medical books, along with poetry and cookbooks,” said his daughter Willa Breese. “It illustrated his remarkable curiosity, free spirit and authenticity. He was who he was and his passion for life was boundless.”\nA celebration of life will be held in early 2024.\nArrangements by Munden Funeral Home, Morehead City, NC.", "domain": "ocean_science"}
{"url": "https://defendbrigantinebeach.org/about-us/", "date": "2024-04-15T09:45:03Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816954.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20240415080257-20240415110257-00654.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9162014722824097, "token_count": 1023, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__103583639", "lang": "en", "text": "As a result of misleading information and lack of public awareness regarding the proposed wind Atlantic Shores and Orsted industrial wind farm projects off of the Brigantine coastline, we formed Defend Brigantine Beach on December 18, 2022 to educate the community about the offshore wind projects and their associated impacts to the environment, marine life, tourism, the seashore economies, and the health and well-being of our community residents and visitors. We followed up by forming Defend Brigantine Beach, Inc. — a not-for-profit 501(c)3 organization allowing tax-deductible donations.\nOur organization has been formed to defend Brigantine Beach and support other shore communities from the Federal and NJ State planned offshore wind projects, which we believe will devastate our beach experiences, local economies, and the local marine environment, while significantly raising our utility rates.\nWe are a non-partisan, mission-driven, grassroots coalition supported by thousands of concerned New Jersey shore homeowners, elected officials, business owners, and visitors.\nWe are proponents of a responsible and sensible approach to green and alternative/renewable energy solutions.\nHowever, we are opposed to the size, scope, location, and potentially devastating impacts on our ocean and community that this project will have as currently proposed by Atlantic Shores and Orsted offshore wind development companies.\nOur all-volunteer coalition comprises Brigantine homeowners, residents, business owners, and friends with diverse backgrounds.\nWe care deeply about the future of our beautiful island.\nLeadership Team Members Include:\n- Kate Finnegan: 501c3 President/Communications Lead; email@example.com\n- Suzanne Moore: 501c3 Treasurer; firstname.lastname@example.org\n- Tom Jones: 501c3 Secretary; email@example.com\n- Keith Moore: Government Affairs Liaison; firstname.lastname@example.org\n- Judy Tyson: Volunteers Coordinator/ Marketing; email@example.com\n- Lori Goldsmid / Christine Mazullo: Fundraising/Events Coordinators; firstname.lastname@example.org\n- Cindy Peckarick: Community Events Coordinator and Outreach Ambassador; email@example.com\nOur Goal is Focused\nDefend Brigantine Beach aims to protect the natural seashore, the ocean, marine life, and the economic lifeblood of Brigantine and surrounding communities by stopping Atlantic Shores and Orsted wind development companies from the industrialization of our oceans.\nAccomplishments to Date\n- In just over four months from the start-up of our Facebook page, we have added over 4000 concerned members to our team; many more are unaware of what lies ahead.\n- We have formed a broad coalition with other organizations that share our mission and participate in weekly coordination sessions. We are currently involved with Save LBI, Protect Our Coast NJ, Save the Right Whales, and Green Oceans, and our coalition is growing significantly every week.\n- We coordinated and spoke at the initiative led by Brigantine Mayor Vince Sera to support a Mayor’s Moratorium demanding a stop to constructing these wind farms until the deaths of 23 whales coincident with offshore windfarm surveying can be determined. This resulted in a Coalition of over 30 New Jersey Mayors to date, calling for a moratorium on all offshore wind activity until investigations are held.\n- We helped develop and coordinate and implement February 11, 2023, Brigantine Town Meeting, which attracted over 600 residents, legislators, and coastal mayors and provided information on the NJ Windfarm project.\n- We voiced our opposition to offshore industrial wind projects, and concerns about offshore pre-construction activities and their potential harm to marine mammals at the February 23, 2023, Atlantic County Commissioners meeting. The Commissioners passed a 7-2 vote resolution to institute a 90-day stop of the windfarm surveying activities until a better understanding is determined regarding the deaths of the whales.\n- We have also participated in numerous press conferences, posted news and research articles, and supported other organizations to achieve our common goal of stopping the industrialization of our ocean.\n- We have also supported Cape May County informational sessions and a recent US Congressional Hearing on March 16, 2023, led by Congressman Jeff Van Drew, and prepared and submitted written testimony to the hearing\n- We participated in and spoke at the recent “Protect Our Coast NJ” Rally on March 30, 2023, in Trenton, New Jersey where a Petition with close to 500,000 citizen signatures was delivered to Governor Murphy, demanding a stop to the Windfarm projects.\n- We supported the “Save the Whales” Rally in Ventor, NJ on April 2, 2023, led by Congressman Jeff VanDrew and other Legislators and beach community public officials.", "domain": "ocean_science"}
{"url": "https://www.geoisla.com/2020/02/puerto-rico-earthquake-swarm-december-2019-january-2020/", "date": "2022-12-08T09:38:10Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-49/segments/1669446711286.17/warc/CC-MAIN-20221208082315-20221208112315-00867.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8797181248664856, "token_count": 971, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-49", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-49__0__284345388", "lang": "en", "text": "Video titulado “Puerto Rico Earthquake Swarm: December 2019 – January 2020” producido por el Pacific Tsunami Warning Center (PacificTWC) y publicado en su canal de YouTube el 2 de febrero de 2020. El video muestra gráficamente el enjambre de sobre 3,000 terremotos que han afectado a al isla desde diciembre 2019. Esta animación muestra dos meses de actividad sísmica e incluye información sobre el movimiento de las fallas durante los terremotos de mayor magnitud. Como podrán apreciar en el video, Puerto Rico está localizado en un área geológicamente compleja y propensa a terremotos.\nSegún la descripción del video (en inglés):\nThe start of 2020 saw some significant earthquake activity in the Puerto Rico region. A M6.4 earthquake struck the southern coast of Puerto Rico on January 7, killing at least one person and damaging many structures including the homes of thousands of people. It also produced a small, non-hazardous tsunami. It was preceded by a series of foreshocks in late December and followed by a swarm of aftershocks that continues today (February 2, 2020). This animation therefore begins on December 1, 2019, to show the typical level of earthquake activity prior to the start of the earthquake swarm on December 28. It proceeds forward in time at a rate of one day per second through the end of January 31. Puerto Rico lies above an active plate boundary between the North American and Caribbean Plates. In fact, it makes up part of a “microplate” sandwiched between these two larger plates. Relative motions between these plates cause earthquakes at their boundaries. To the north the North American plate grinds beneath Puerto Rico in a subduction zone, a type of plate boundary that can produce megathrust earthquakes with large vertical motions that can cause tsunamis. A mirror image of this structure lies to the south of Puerto Rico such that the Caribbean Plate likewise grinds beneath the island. As it is squeezed between these megathrust fault systems Puerto Rico itself deforms with complex faulting that produced the earthquake swarm in this animation. For an earthquake to pose a tsunami hazard it has to be able to significantly move the sea floor in a vertical direction, either by suddenly dropping or popping up. Therefore, when an earthquake occurs PTWC scientists need to rapidly determine an earthquake’s location, including its depth. Is it on land or under the ocean? Is it shallow enough to move the seafloor, or is it so deep that it doesn’t pose a risk? They then determine its magnitude, since a larger earthquake will move more of the sea floor and over a larger area. These parameters can be determined within a matter of minutes. But over the course of the first hour following an earthquake they will continue to analyze their data and they may also be able to determine which direction the seafloor moved. It may have moved primarily in a vertical direction (either up or down), and thus pose a greater tsunami risk. Or it may have moved mostly sideways, posing a lesser tsunami hazard. Once these scientists have this information they can use it to better predict how dangerous a tsunami may be, but until they can figure it out they will assume the worst-case scenario of maximum vertical motion. If they figure out later that the earthquake is something else, such as an earthquake that mostly moved sideways, they may downgrade or cancel their tsunami alert. A graphical way to show this sense of motion for earthquakes is the “focal mechanism” often informally referred to as a “beach ball.” This animation includes these symbols to show which direction the largest earthquakes moved. Thankfully these largest earthquakes did not pose a significant tsunami hazard because they were not big enough and/or moved sideways. These five earthquakes are:\n- January 6, 2020 10:32Z — M5.7 — strike-slip (sideways) motion\n- January 7, 2020 8:24Z — M6.4 — normal (downward) motion, 6 cm/2.4 in. tsunami\n- January 7, 2020 8:34Z — M5.6 — normal (downward) motion\n- January 7, 2020 11:18Z — M5.8 — strike-slip (sideways) motion\n- January 11, 2020 12:55Z — M5.9 — strike-slip (sideways) motion", "domain": "ocean_science"}
{"url": "http://www.wingsopen.com/store/p285/SeaNettleI.html", "date": "2023-12-02T22:30:08Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100452.79/warc/CC-MAIN-20231202203800-20231202233800-00555.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9288174510002136, "token_count": 122, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__307833998", "lang": "en", "text": "Sea Nettle III\n65 115 $65.00 - $115.00\nThe Atlantic sea nettle is a bell-shaped invertebrate, usually semitransparent with a bell that appears white or opaque. The nettle's sting is rated from \"moderate\" to \"severe\" and can be pernicious to smaller prey; it is not, however, potent enough to cause human death, except by allergic reaction. It is a widely distributed species of jellyfish that inhabits tropical and subtropical parts of the Atlantic and Indo-Pacific. Photo taken at the Georgia Aquarium.", "domain": "ocean_science"}
{"url": "https://www.jeolusa.com/APPLICATIONS/REALab-Customer-Stories/UQAR-ISMER", "date": "2023-10-03T01:00:45Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-40/segments/1695233511023.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20231002232712-20231003022712-00529.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9191212058067322, "token_count": 1409, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-40", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-40__0__120905047", "lang": "en", "text": "Université du Québec à Rimouski\nInstitut des sciences de la mer de Rimouski\nIn the winter, the SEM lab at the University of Quebec at Rimouski - Institute of Marine Sciences of Rimouski (UQAR- ISMER\n) is a quiet contrast to the rugged Arctic expedition Prof. André Rochon goes on each summer aboard the icebreaker CCGS Amundsen\n. He enjoys the opportunity to devote more time to meticulously imaging the samples he and his colleagues have collected from the Arctic earlier in the year.\nAndré has taken thousands of images of marine biological and geological specimens, many useful in identifying organic microfossils and plankton. In December 2014, JEOL selected one of his micrographs showing a daisy chain of six cells of the dinoflagellate Neoceratium ranipes\nto win the Grand Prize\nin its first image contest.\n2014 Grand Prize SEM Image: \"Neoceratium ranipes Daisy Chain.\" Six cells of the dinoflagellate Neoceratium ranipes with the \"fingers\" extended at the end of the antapical horns. Dinoflagellates are an important component of marine phytoplankton. Composite of 9 high resolution images taken at 500x with a JSM-6460 LV SEM microscope at 2.9 kV. Chain measures 998 microns.\nAs a result of his extensive collection of images, André is currently preparing a book on plankton identification for the Canadian Arctic that will be useful for scientists studying the marine life there. \"I mostly use the SEM for illustrating the morphological criteria for identification. Some species differ from each other by minor details not easily seen on regular microscopes,\" he explains.\nThe objective of his work with the dinoflagellates (unicellular algae) is to study climate change, often referred to as paleoclimate, over geological time (approximately the last 10,000 years), pollution, invasive species, and ballast water transport.\nThe icebreaker Amundsen is a research platform for multiple disciplines and is employed in the ArcticNet program, which brings together researchers from centers of excellence in Canada and abroad to study all aspects of the impact of climate and modernization on the Arctic. Canada is at the forefront of climate change research, with good reason because the country has the longest Arctic shoreline.\nThe collected microscopic marine life can tell a great deal about what transformations are occurring there.\n\"There are over 2000 species of dinoflagellates today in the Arctic and we are discovering new species ever year that we didn't know were there. There are approximately 200 species that we have documented from the Arctic,\" André says.\nThe dinoflagellates, which range in length from 30 to 100 microns, can be collected at either the surface of the water or as cysts when they sink and can be found in the sediment. Cysts are formed, Andre explains, when \"an organic membrane develops inside the cell. Cysts contain all the nutrients necessary for the cell to survive through the winter. They can remain viable for several years - some that have been dormant for as long as 110-120 years and can be revived. They can survive any catastrophic environmental event.\"\nThe collection process requires using various coring devices to penetrate and recover a 9 meter long tube of a core sample material from the sediment, or a box core of 50cm2 for larger samples. Researchers use a plankton net of 20 micron mesh to collect the algae in the upper part of the water column.\nAndré's focus is \"documenting the changes in species assemblages over time, which is indicative of environmental changes, or documenting the distribution of actual plankton and changes in the geographical range of modern species (also indicative of climate change). I also document the presence of these algae in ballast water and sediment, which allow me to quantify the risk of invasion of nonnative species in a given port or region.\"\nThrough ballast water pumped out by ships, organisms from distant places can be introduced into a harbor or port. \"We have a team studying dinoflagellates pumped in as ballast water and transported, then when they are de-ballasted. We learn which species are transported and how well they survive the transport, which can be several days or weeks, and how well, once released, is their capacity to survive. Dinoflagellates are the main organism responsible for red tides, or toxic tides. If a toxic species arrives in a ballast tank and is dumped into the sea water, they may survive and thrive and develop new toxic outbreaks and they are difficult to get rid of in new environment.\"\nAndré Rochon, Ph.D.\nProfesseur Géologie marine\nPrésident de l'Assemblée institutionnelle\nInstitut des sciences de la mer de Rimouski Université du Québec à Rimouski\nAndré's microscopy techniques were perfected over the years, initiated during his post-doctoral work in London with Dr. Jane Lewis. He explains the process of creating his remarkable images: \"To obtain maximum resolution and quality for dinoflagellate or dinocyst specimens, individual specimens are picked individually, washed several times in distilled water, dehydrated in an acetone series, air or critical point dried (depending on the species), then sputter coated with gold-palladium. In the SEM, I am using low KV (2.8 - 3.0) and a spot size that provides the best signal to noise ratio combined with high resolution. The background on the photographs is removed using Photoshop, first by outlining the specimen, then by isolating it and removing the rest of the image and replacing it with black. I sometimes color the specimens the same way, this time using a color, or color gradient overlay over the specimens.\"\nLow kV is crucial to obtaining quality images of biological specimens. Higher kV can cause the specimen to \"burn or cook - at higher kV you can still get good images but the sample will not withstand it,\" he says.\nA key advantage to lower kV, according to JEOL applications scientists, is that it provides much better surface information due to lack of penetration of the electron beam into the sample which would make the samples appear translucent.\nIn addition to his research at ISMER-QTAR, André teaches at the MSc and PhD level and trains students to identify dinoflagellates using both regular compound optical microscopes and SEM.\nBefore winning the Grand Prize for the JEOL Image Contest in 2014, he also won 4th place in a Canadian scientific image contest with this image in 2010.", "domain": "ocean_science"}
{"url": "http://www.spain.netizen24.com/2018/10/hurricane-leslie-approaches-portugal.html", "date": "2019-06-19T06:41:49Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-26/segments/1560627998923.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20190619063711-20190619085711-00113.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9317651391029358, "token_count": 389, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2019-26", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-26__0__99610403", "lang": "en", "text": "Hurricane Leslie Approaches Portugal and Spain\n(LISBON, Portugal) â\" Hurricane Leslie churned across the Atlantic Ocean on Saturday heading toward Portugal and Spain, with forecasters saying the storm will bring heavy rain, high winds and dangerous surf to western parts of the Iberian Peninsula.\nForecasters said sections of Portugal will see near hurricane-force winds, while parts of western Spain are expected to be hit with tropical storm-force winds.\nThe Category 1 storm was 315 kilometers (195 miles) southwest of Lisbon, the Portuguese capital, the U.S. National Hurricane Center in Miami said. Leslieâs maximum sustained winds were 75 mph (120 kph) and those hurricane-force winds extend outward for 95 kilometers (60 miles).\nPortugalâs wea ther service issued red warnings â\" its highest levelâ\" for high winds or dangerous coastal conditions for 13 of its 18 mainland districts, including Lisbon, where it said the stormâs effects will start to be felt around 6 p.m.\nA tropical storm warning was discontinued for the Madeira archipelago.\nThe weather service warned that gusting winds could potentially reach speeds of 190 kph (118 mph) along the Portuguese coast overnight and early Sunday. Luis Belo Costa of Portugalâs National Protection Agency recommended that people âavoid at all costs walking on the street.â\nLeslie is still expected to generate ocean swells that will affect Madeira, the Azores and the Canary Islands throughout the weekend, in addition to the Atlantic coast s of Spain, Portugal and Morocco. Forecasters said the swells are likely to bring âlife-threatening surf and rip current conditions.â\nLeslie is a bit of a weather outlier, since hurricanes that regularly batter the American side of the Atlantic rarely bring their destructive force across to Europe.Source: Google News Spain | Netizen 24 Spain", "domain": "ocean_science"}
{"url": "https://openbookcase.org/exploring-the-deep-how-sonar-transforms-underwater-exploration", "date": "2024-03-01T08:40:11Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947475203.41/warc/CC-MAIN-20240301062009-20240301092009-00706.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9155616164207458, "token_count": 1379, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__183233095", "lang": "en", "text": "Exploring the Deep: How Sonar Transforms Underwater Exploration\nThere's a hidden world beneath the surface of our oceans, a universe largely unexplored and teeming with mysteries waiting to be unveiled. This vast underwater realm is more accessible than ever, thanks to technological advancements in underwater exploration. One of the key tools that has transformed our ability to explore the deep is sonar technology. By utilizing sound waves, sonar allows us to probe the depths in ways that were once impossible, offering an intricate and detailed view of underwater landscapes and oceanic life. This article will delve into the fascinating topic of how sonar technology has revolutionized underwater exploration. It's a journey that will take you from the early origins of sonar to its cutting-edge applications today.\nThe Origins and Evolution of Sonar Technology\nThe advent of sonar technology marked a significant turning point in the realm of underwater exploration and nautical navigation. Originally, this innovative technology was largely utilized during wartimes, playing a pivotal role in detecting and navigating underwater objects, thereby giving armed forces a strategic advantage. The technical term for this detection method is known as 'active sonar', which emits an acoustic signal or pulse of sound into the water. If an object is in the path of this sound pulse, it bounces back and is picked up by the sonar system, thus revealing the object's location and distance.\nOver time, the applications of sonar technology extended beyond war-time applications. The value of sonar was recognized in the scientific community, leading to its effective use in various areas of scientific research. Active sonar technology has been instrumental in mapping the ocean floor, studying marine life, and contributing to our understanding of the world beneath the waves. This evolution of sonar technology, from a military tool to a crucial instrument in scientific discovery, exemplifies the transformative power of technological innovation.\nUnderstanding the Science Behind Sonar\nThe remarkable technology of sonar stands on the principles of sound waves and their interaction with objects underwater. Essential to this process is the phenomenon of echolocation. In its simplest terms, echolocation is the emission of sound waves and the subsequent analysis of the echoes received. In the context of sonar, this enables accurate distance measurement.\nSound waves are emitted into the underwater environment, where they travel until they encounter an object. The object reflects the sound waves back to the sonar device. The time it takes for these echoes to return allows the determination of the object's distance. This process, in repeated sequences, forms the foundation of sonar interpretation.\nFurthermore, the method of sonar goes beyond mere distance measurement, offering a gateway into underwater imaging. With sophisticated technology, the returning sound waves or 'echoes' are processed and translated into images. These images, albeit not as clear as photographic ones, provide a detailed representation of the marine environment.\nIt's interesting to note that this technology is not exclusive to underwater exploration. In fact, it is analogous to the 'best email finder' tools utilized in digital spaces - drawing connections, mapping distances and revealing what might be hidden away in a seemingly vast and inaccessible space.\nThe Role of Sonar in Oceanic Research\nIn the realm of oceanic research, sonar technology has emerged as a game-changer, providing robust insights about the mysterious underwater world. One of the key tasks it performs is seafloor mapping through a technique called 'bathymetry'. This detailed representation of the ocean floor is vital in understanding its structure and detecting changes. Bathymetry reveals the hidden landscapes beneath the ocean surface, unveiling underwater mountains, valleys, and trenches.\nMoreover, sonar is extensively employed in the study of marine life. It allows scientists to track and observe marine creatures in their natural habitat, contributing to our knowledge about their behavior, distribution, and abundance. In this way, the use of sonar technology has broadened our understanding of the diverse life forms that inhabit the world's oceans.\nFurthermore, ocean monitoring is another area where sonar technology proves its worth. It assists in detecting changes in the ocean environment, such as variations in sea level, temperature, and salinity. These readings are vital for predicting climate changes and monitoring the health of the marine ecosystem.\nThe contributions of sonar have been manifold, and its role in augmenting our oceanic understanding cannot be understated. With its ability to penetrate the depths and darkness of the ocean, sonar has become an indispensable tool in the quest to understand our planet's largest and least explored frontier.\nContemporary Applications of Sonar Technology\nIn the world of underwater exploration, sonar technology has revolutionized the way we interact with the deep. Its applications have become extensive and widespread. One such application is in commercial diving. Sonar, specifically side-scan sonar, is used to map the seafloor and identify potential hazards, making the environment safer for divers. This has proven to be a critical tool in underwater operations.\nRecreational diving has also benefited from the advancements in sonar technology. Divers use sonar to navigate and explore underwater caves, shipwrecks, and other submerged structures. It allows them to see clearly in conditions where visibility is limited, enhancing the overall diving experience.\nAnother significant application of sonar technology can be seen in underwater archaeology. Archaeologists utilize side-scan sonar to locate and analyze archaeological sites beneath the surface of the water. It provides detailed images of the seafloor, allowing them to study relics and ruins without disturbing the site.\nThe oil and gas industry also heavily relies on sonar technology. It is largely used to detect and map underwater geological formations. These formations can then be assessed for potential drilling and extraction sites. Sonar technology thus plays a vital role in the efficient operation of the oil and gas industry.\nThe Future of Underwater Exploration\nAs we delve into the prospects of future underwater exploration, it's fascinating to consider the potential advancements that could revolutionize our interaction with the deep sea. Sonar advancements signify a major component of this technological potential, promising to redefine how we investigate and comprehend the mysteries of the ocean depths.\nNotably, the emergence of autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) equipped with sophisticated sonar systems is set to dramatically enhance our deep sea understanding. These innovative machines can traverse into regions inaccessible by humans, capturing high-resolution images and data that provide invaluable insights into underwater ecosystems and geological formations.\nMoreover, the continuous refinement of sonar technology plays a pivotal role in exploration enhancement. Improvements in signal processing, noise reduction, and imaging capabilities could lead to more accurate mapping of underwater terrains and more efficient detection of submerged objects. Consequently, the rapid pace of technological evolution presents a profound opportunity for expanding our knowledge and fostering a new era of underwater exploration.", "domain": "ocean_science"}
{"url": "https://www.davidskidmoreart.co.uk/product-page/mother-and-calf-humpback-giclee-print", "date": "2024-02-27T01:26:07Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947474669.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20240226225941-20240227015941-00553.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9248268008232117, "token_count": 222, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__137592352", "lang": "en", "text": "Limited edition giclee print, image size is 50 x 20cm or 70 x 28cm.\nPrinted to order. usually available in 7 days.\nHumpback whales are beautiful, graceful, gentle giants, they are found in all oceans and seas and migrate 25000 km each year, they are true global ambasadors of our marine environment. Having been privaledged to see them off the coast of California, I felt complelled to portray them in my art. I am grateful to Brett Vercoe for allowing me to use his wonderful video as reference for the original painting.\nLimited to only 195 prints (inclusive of all size variations), printed on Folex Fine Art Contour archival paper using light fast inks* Print Size: Medium 20 x 50cm, Large 28 x 70cm. Each print is individually checked by the artist to ensure the quality of the reproduction and accompanied by a certificate of authenticity.\n*Lightfast Inks are designed to resist fading when exposed to natural or artificial lighting.\nMother and calf Humpback, Giclee print", "domain": "ocean_science"}
{"url": "https://www.teco.no/", "date": "2020-10-20T19:39:43Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-45/segments/1603107874135.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20201020192039-20201020222039-00052.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9635394811630249, "token_count": 102, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-45", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-45__0__207381398", "lang": "en", "text": "TECO Maritime Group has been serving the maritime industry since 1994. Our Companies provide a comprehensive range of individual and integrated solutions. Including marine engineering, system installations, ship repair, automation and marine chemicals.\nThe Group has for several years been helping customers comply with new regulations related to the environment. The companies have delivered engineering, installation or after sales to more than 300 vessels in connection with new IMO regulations.\nOur customers are offshore oil and gas corporations, ship owners, ship yards and management companies.", "domain": "ocean_science"}
{"url": "http://maintests.com/gre/reading-comprehension/7a79zh-1.html", "date": "2018-03-17T18:25:56Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-13/segments/1521257645280.4/warc/CC-MAIN-20180317174935-20180317194935-00117.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9363016486167908, "token_count": 256, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2018-13", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-13__0__95646339", "lang": "en", "text": "GRE Reading Comprehension\nIt has long been known that during an El Nino, two conditions exist: (1) unusually warm water extends along the eastern Pacific, principally along the coasts of Ecuador and Peru, and (2) winds blow from the west into the warmer air rising over the warm water in the east. These winds tend to create a feedback mechanism by driving the warmer surface water into a \"pile\" that blocks the normal upwelling of deeper, cold water in the east and further warms the eastern water, thus strengthening the wind still more. The contribution of the recent model is to show that the winds of an El Nino, which raise sea level in the cast, simultaneously send a signal to the west lowering sea level. According to the model, that signal is generated as a negative Rossby wave, a wave of depressed, or negative, sea level, that moves westward parallel to the equator at 25 to 85 kilometers per day.\nQuestion List: 2\nAccording to the passage, which of the following features is characteristic of an El Nino?\n- A Cold coastal water near Peru\n- B Winds blowing from the west\n- C Random occurrence\n- D Worldwide effects\n- E Short duration\nCorrect Answer: B", "domain": "ocean_science"}
{"url": "https://learnabout.pavcsk12.org/en/continuing-the-learning-with-carnegie-museum-1", "date": "2024-04-13T11:54:30Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816734.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20240413114018-20240413144018-00003.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9162555932998657, "token_count": 282, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__165662895", "lang": "en", "text": "The Protostega gigas, showcased at the Pittsburgh Carnegie Museum of Natural History, is a giant among sea turtles. In terms of size, this prehistoric marine reptile dwarfs its modern relatives. With an estimated length of up to 12 feet (3.7 meters) and a weight that could exceed 2,000 pounds (907 kilograms), the Protostega gigas stands as one of the largest sea turtles ever discovered.\nTo put its magnitude into perspective, consider that the Protostega was significantly larger than most modern sea turtles. For comparison, the well-known leatherback sea turtle, the largest living sea turtle species, typically reaches lengths of around 6 to 7 feet (1.8 to 2.1 meters) and weighs in the range of 550 to 1,500 pounds (250 to 680 kilograms). The Protostega's immense size not only distinguishes it within the context of ancient sea turtles but also emphasizes the extraordinary diversity and adaptations that have shaped the evolutionary history of these fascinating marine creatures.\nAs visitors gaze upon the fossilized remains of the Protostega at the museum, they are confronted with the sheer scale of this magnificent ancient sea turtle, providing a tangible connection to a time when colossal marine reptiles ruled the prehistoric seas. The exhibit offers a rare opportunity to marvel at the grandeur of a creature that once navigated the oceans with a presence unmatched by its contemporary counterparts.", "domain": "ocean_science"}
{"url": "https://luxesource.com/the-details-behind-the-fresh-design-of-sarasotas-new-aquarium/", "date": "2023-12-06T00:20:50Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100575.30/warc/CC-MAIN-20231206000253-20231206030253-00436.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9483745098114014, "token_count": 167, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__169770300", "lang": "en", "text": "A new building is coming to town, although at first glance it may actually look more like a towering ship.\nAt 110,000 square feet, the Mote Science Education Aquarium at Nathan Benderson Park in Sarasota, Florida, will be nearly twice as large as the existing Mote Marine Laboratory and Aquarium and serve as a hub for marine science education and outreach.\nWorking closely with general contractors Willis A. Smith Construction, Inc. and Whiting-Turner, architecture firm TVS Design has conceived the building to evoke the surrounding landscape and draw eyes from nearby roadways. Inside the four-story aquarium, exhibits totaling more than one million gallons of water will feature sharks, sea turtles and manatees, among other aquatic species.\nConstruction on the new building is slated to be complete by early 2023.", "domain": "ocean_science"}
{"url": "http://www.3routes.com/na/can/bc/09/geninfo.html", "date": "2017-12-13T01:22:44Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-51/segments/1512948520218.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20171213011024-20171213031024-00167.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9373151063919067, "token_count": 375, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2017-51", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-51__0__131988306", "lang": "en", "text": "3 RoutesHighlights of the Area\nWest Coast Vancouver Island\nBarkley Sound on the exposed west coast of Vancouver Island is at the focal point of dive opportunities in the area. The\nPacific Rim National Park adjacent to Barkley Sound is one of the most spectacular parks in Canada, renown for its fine sandy beaches that stretch for miles\nand lush rain forests of towering spruce and cedar. Sprinkled throughout Barkley Sound is the Broken Group, a series of islands and shallow reefs which support a\nprofusion of marine life. Wolfeels, octopus, several species of rockfish including china rockfish and vermilion rockfish, and huge ling cod inhabit this rich\narea. The nutrient-rich waters also host a fantastic variety of invertebrates such as purple-ringed top snails, usually found grazing on clumps of lacy\nbryozoans, brightly-coloured tube worms, finger sponges, large fish-eating anemones and many species of nudibranchs. Barkley Sound is also famous as being the other\narea in B.C. where the six-gill shark has been seen by divers.\nWeather conditions and fog can be unpredictable in this area and have accounted for hundreds\nof shipwrecks over the last two centuries. Not much remains of the old wooden sailing ships but steel ships that have gone down in the past 60 years such as\nthe Vanlene and the Thiepval, now coated with a luxuriant growth of life, attract many wreck enthusiasts. Other areas accessed by liveaboard charter operators\nperiodically include Clayoquot Sound, Nootka Sound, Kyuquot and Cape Scott. The west coast of Vancouver Island is a prime whale watching area during the annual\nmigration of the grey whale.\nReturn to Previous Menu", "domain": "ocean_science"}
{"url": "https://puertocrypto.com/bioluminescent-bay-puerto-rico/", "date": "2023-11-28T10:37:15Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679099281.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20231128083443-20231128113443-00667.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9216907024383545, "token_count": 1961, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__35375151", "lang": "en", "text": "Puerto Rico’s bioluminescent bays are a natural wonder that attract visitors from all over the world. These bays are home to millions of tiny organisms called dinoflagellates, which emit a bright blue-green light when disturbed. This bioluminescence creates a magical and otherworldly experience that is truly unforgettable.\nThere are three bioluminescent bays in Puerto Rico: Mosquito Bay, Laguna Grande, and La Parguera. Each bay has its unique characteristics, but all offer a chance to witness this natural phenomenon up close. Visitors can take a guided tour with a knowledgeable tour guide who can provide information about the dinoflagellates and the surrounding ecosystem. Prices for tours vary depending on the provider and the type of experience desired, but most are reasonably priced and offer an incredible value for the experience.\nWhat is a Bioluminescent Bay?\nA bioluminescent bay, also known as a bio bay, is a body of water that contains a high concentration of microscopic organisms called dinoflagellate plankton. These plankton are bioluminescent, meaning they emit a blue-green glow when agitated. This natural phenomenon creates a stunning display of light that illuminates the water at night.\nPuerto Rico is home to three of the five bioluminescent bays in the world: Laguna Grande in Fajardo, La Parguera in Lajas, and Mosquito Bay in Vieques. Each of these bays has a unique ecosystem that supports different types of dinoflagellate plankton, which results in varying levels of bioluminescence.\nThe most common dinoflagellate species found in Puerto Rico’s bioluminescent bays is Pyrodinium bahamense. This species is known for its bright, neon-blue glow and is responsible for the majority of the bioluminescence seen in the bays.\nWhile bioluminescent bays are found in other parts of the world, Puerto Rico’s bays are unique in that they are easily accessible to visitors. Laguna Grande in Fajardo and La Parguera in Lajas both offer guided tours where visitors can kayak or swim in the glowing waters. Mosquito Bay in Vieques, however, is currently closed to the public due to environmental concerns.\nIn addition to dinoflagellate plankton, bioluminescent bays also support a variety of other organisms. These include jellyfish, shrimp, and fish that are attracted to the glowing waters. However, it is important to note that swimming in the bays is not recommended due to the potential for harmful bacteria and other environmental factors.\nOverall, bioluminescent bays are a natural wonder that is both beautiful and fascinating. Visitors to Puerto Rico should take the opportunity to experience this unique and awe-inspiring phenomenon for themselves.\nBioluminescent Bays in Puerto Rico\nPuerto Rico is home to three bioluminescent bays, each offering a unique and unforgettable experience for visitors. These bays are Mosquito Bay on the island of Vieques, Laguna Grande in Fajardo, and La Parguera in Lajas.\nMosquito Bay is the brightest bioluminescent bay in the world, according to the Guinness Book of World Records. The concentration of dinoflagellates, the microorganisms that create the bioluminescence, is incredibly high in this bay, creating a sparkling blue-white glow in the water. Visitors can take a bio bay tour or kayak tour to experience the natural wonder of Mosquito Bay. Alelí Tours and BioIsland offer tours of the bay, allowing visitors to paddle through the sparkling waters and witness the luminous lagoon for themselves.\nLaguna Grande is the most visited bioluminescent bay near San Juan. Located in Fajardo, the bay offers a magical tour of the mangrove channels of Laguna Grande. The 2-hour tour duration is perfect for beginners and families. Visitors can take a kayak tour or paddle through the waters to experience the blue-green glow of the dinoflagellates.\nLa Parguera Bioluminescent Bay is the only one allowing swimming. Located on the west coast of Puerto Rico, in Lajas, this bioluminescent bay is home to a variety of marine life, including seahorses and starfish. Visitors can swim, snorkel, or take a boat tour to experience the natural wonder of the bay.\nIn conclusion, Puerto Rico’s bioluminescent bays are a truly one-of-a-kind experience that visitors should not miss. Whether it’s Mosquito Bay, Laguna Grande, or La Parguera, each visit to one of Puerto Rico’s bays can be as unique as the habitat itself depending on what nature has in store for you.\nHow to Experience the Bioluminescent Bays\nPuerto Rico is home to three bioluminescent bays, which are natural wonders that light up at night due to the presence of microorganisms. These bays are a must-see attraction for anyone visiting the island, and there are several ways to experience them.\nKayaking and Paddle Tours\nOne of the most popular ways to experience the bioluminescent bays is by kayaking or paddling. Several tour companies offer guided kayak tours, which allow you to paddle through the mangroves and into the bio bay. Some tours even offer clear bottom kayaks, which allow you to see the glowing microorganisms beneath you as you paddle. Prices for kayak tours vary depending on the tour company and the length of the tour.\nElectric Boat and Bio Bay Tours\nIf kayaking isn’t your thing, you can also experience the bioluminescent bays on an electric boat tour. These tours are a great option for those who don’t want to paddle or get wet. The boats are equipped with special lights that illuminate the water, allowing you to see the glowing microorganisms. Prices for electric boat tours vary depending on the tour company and the length of the tour.\nIf you prefer a more hands-off approach, there are also several guided tours available. These tours typically involve taking a ferry or bus to the bio bay, where you will then board a boat for a guided tour of the bay. Tour guides will provide information about the bio bay and the microorganisms that make it glow. Prices for guided tours vary depending on the tour company and the length of the tour.\nNo matter which option you choose, it’s important to keep in mind that the bioluminescence is best seen on moonless nights. Additionally, it’s important to be respectful of the environment and follow any guidelines provided by tour guides or park rangers. With the right tour company and a little bit of luck, you can experience the magic of Puerto Rico’s bioluminescent bays for yourself.\nPreservation and Protection\nPuerto Rico’s bioluminescent bays are a unique natural wonder that must be preserved and protected. The ecosystem of these bays is delicate and requires special attention to ensure its survival. Pollution, light pollution, chemicals, and trash are some of the biggest threats to the health of these bays.\nOne of the most important steps in preserving and protecting these bays is to limit the amount of light pollution. Light pollution can disrupt the natural cycles of the organisms that live in the bays and interfere with their ability to reproduce. Additionally, chemicals and trash can have a devastating impact on the ecosystem of the bays, so it is important to keep them clean and free of any pollutants.\nMangrove forests are also an important part of the ecosystem of the bioluminescent bays. These forests help to filter pollutants and provide a habitat for many species of animals. It is important to protect these forests to ensure the health of the bays.\nThe Vieques Bioluminescent Bay Natural Reserve and the Cabezas de San Juan Natural Reserve are two of the most important protected areas for the bioluminescent bays. These reserves help to regulate the number of visitors to the bays and ensure that the bays are not overused or damaged.\nThe community also plays an important role in preserving and protecting the bioluminescent bays. The Rega program, which stands for Responsible Environmental and Cultural Awareness, is a community-based program that promotes responsible tourism and helps to educate visitors about the importance of protecting the bays.\nHotels and other businesses that are located near the bioluminescent bays can also help to protect them by implementing sustainable practices and reducing their impact on the environment. This can include things like reducing energy use, conserving water, and using environmentally friendly cleaning products.\nIn order to ensure the long-term survival of Puerto Rico’s bioluminescent bays, it is important that everyone works together to preserve and protect them. By taking steps to limit pollution, protect the ecosystem, and promote responsible tourism, we can help to ensure that these natural wonders will continue to shine for generations to come.", "domain": "ocean_science"}
{"url": "https://charterhouse-aquatics.com/shop/aquatics/maintenance/tropic-marin-pro-reef/tropic-marin-pro-reef-salt-25kg-bucket-and-free-phos-feed", "date": "2024-02-28T20:26:06Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947474744.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20240228175828-20240228205828-00572.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8776589035987854, "token_count": 1480, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__198797664", "lang": "en", "text": "The pharmaceutical grade sea salt especially for modern reef aquaria.\nTropic Marin® PRO-REEF Sea Salt has been designed to meet the special requirements of reef aquariums with optimized concentrations of calcium and magnesium, which promote the growth of corals. The lower buffering and the correct pH value serve to stabilize the natural water values, and particularly, the hardness of carbonates, even with the use of calcium reactors. Natural and stable conditions for delicate marine life are achieved only by accurately balancing all influencing factors.\nTropic Marin® PRO-REEF is thus the ideal foundation for the care and growth of fish, corals and other aquatic invertebrates in modern reef aquariums. Use seawater prepared with Tropic Marin® PRO-REEF for regular water changes in your seawater aquarium, to start a new aquarium and to re-equilibrate the pH of a tank.\n• Optimizes calcium- and magnesium concentrations as well as alkalinity and pH.\n• Designed to meet the special requirements of modern reef aquaria with higher calcium requirements.\n• Especially designed for use with calcium reactors or mineral additives.\n• To maintain the alkalinity in a 7-8° dKH range.\n• Manufactured from pure, pharmaceutical grade salts.\n• Contains all major- and minor elements in the exact proportions found in tropical sea water.\n• The 70 trace elements are completely soluble due to the use of the mixed-crystal method.\n• Compliance with the most stringent quality control measures for the production of pharmaceuticals ensures nature-identical seawater.\n• Free from nitrates, phosphates and other unwanted chemicals.\nHow to use:\nTo achieve a salinity level of 32-35 ‰ (psu), dissolve 35 ml of Tropic Marin® PRO-REEF per liter or approximately ½ cup of Tropic Marin® PRO-REEF per US gallon water. Dissolve almost all of the salt in a clean container already filled with the full volume of RO/DI water at a temperature of 73-77°F / 23-25°C while circulating/stirring the water. Do not concentrate the mixture by adding the full amount of salt to a smaller amount of water.\nNote: Always add the salt to the water, never the water to the salt. Making a concentrated mixture will cause a calcium carbonate precipitate to form.\nWhen you have added ALMOST all of the salt and the mixture is fully dissolved and clear, start measuring the specific gravity with a hydrometer or similar instrument. Keep adding small amounts of salt until the specific gravity is the value you desire. The specific gravity of the sea salt solution should range from 1.025 to 1.027 (at 73-77°F / 23-25°C) and the pH-value should be in the range of 8.0 – 8.4. If all parameters ??are correct, the salt water is ready to use.\nAfter setting up a new aquarium it takes a few weeks of water being circulated and correct lighting conditions to achieve the biologically stable environment required for the care and breeding of delicate marine organisms.\nA weekly, partial water change, replacing 10 % of the total water volume with Tropic Marin® PRO-REEF, will help to maintain the water quality that your livestock needs for good health.\n: approx. 7° KH, calcium approx. 440 ppm, magnesium approx. 1350 ppm\n: For reef tanks with higher calcium requirements. To maintain the alkalinity in a 7-8° dKH range; particularly suitable when using a calcium reactor.\nUse the new dosing calculator for an easy determination of the required amount of salt for your aquarium.\nTropic Marin Phos-Feed\nPhosphate is one of the nutrients with high consumption and often low availability in the reef aquarium as well as in the unpolluted natural coral reef. Phosphate is essential in numerous growth processes of the skeleton and tissue of the coral.\nIn the natural coral reef environment, insoluble, particulate excretions of fish and plankton supply corals with phosphate essential for metabolism and growth. These particles can be very easily filtered out of the water and utilized by the corals.\nTropic Marin® has applied this knowledge in a novel product,\nTropic Marin® Phos-Feed, for the ongoing phosphate nutrition in reef aquariums.\nTropic Marin® Phos-Feed is modeled after the natural phosphate supply mechanisms seen in the wild coral reef environment. Now, for the first time in your reef aquarium, phosphate is dosed in a targeted manner, without continuously increased phosphate concentration of the water column. As a result, coral growth is stimulated and the corals show natural patterns of skeletal development and bright colors, just like in the intact coral reef under natural conditions. Insoluble particulate phosphates are the most effective way to deliver this essential nutrient to the corals.\nTargeted application, best dosage control and optimum effectiveness through the use of insoluble particulate ingredients. Inspired by the best natural biological principles.\nInspired by the best natural biological principles, utilizes an innovative new transport mechanism for phosphates into the coral.Tropic Marin® Phos-Feed contains insoluble particulate phosphates to enhance numerous biological processes in the coral for stronger growth and more intense colors.\nThe included halogen trace elements like iodide, fluoride and bromide, replace elements consumed by increased growth rate of coralline algae and corals.\nRecent studies show that insoluble, particulate phosphates are much more effective for coral growth and care than dissolved forms.Tropic Marin® Phos-Feed and Tropic Marin® Phos-Start are the first products that supply phosphate, in particulate form, to the coral in a targeted and dosed manner.\nIngredientsPhosphate Mineral Powder, Trace Elements (iodide, fluoride and bromide), passive ingredient: Pro-Reef Sea Salt\nApplication & Dosage\nApplication: Tropic Marin® Phos-Feed can be added at any time of the day or night. Since the application clouds the water somewhat and to take advantage of the corals' nocturnal polyp opening, Tropic Marin® Phos-Feed should preferably be applied around the time the lights are turned off. The temporary turbidity that forms is normal. The water is particularly clear after the turbidity.Half fill a container with approximately 200ml of reverse osmosis water and add the calculated amount of Tropic Marin® Phos-Feed. Mix powder and water well by stirring. Pour the suspension into the current of the aquarium and rinse the cup with aquarium water.\nDosage: Start with a daily dosage of 1 ml (small measuring spoon) Tropic Marin® Phos-Feed per 200 l (50 US-gal) aquarium water. If after four weeks a phosphate concentration between 0.05 ppm and 0.15 ppm is not reached in the aquarium, double the dosage to 2 ml (larger measuring spoon) per 200 l (50 US-gal). We recommend not to exceed a maximum dosage of 4 ml per 200 l (50 US-gal).", "domain": "ocean_science"}
{"url": "https://flaqwaterstories.wordpress.com/2017/06/27/a-diving-epiphany-creates-amazing-aquarium-experiences/", "date": "2018-06-18T07:10:11Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-26/segments/1529267860089.13/warc/CC-MAIN-20180618070542-20180618090542-00222.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9710105657577515, "token_count": 1067, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2018-26", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-26__0__94983916", "lang": "en", "text": "He has excavated shipwrecks, explored deep-water caves and been mask to snout with 15-foot hammerheads. But, The Florida Aquarium Vice President of Operations Casey Coy’s greatest diving thrill comes not from such adventures but from introducing others to the wonders of the “Blue Planet.”\nCoy spearheads The Aquarium’s “conservation research diving program,” and whether studying coral reefs off Cuba, observing sea turtles in the Florida Keys or looking for Civil War-era shipwrecks in the Hillsborough River, Coy relishes the possibility of “shining a light on places new to science and helping to preserve them.”\nHe credits Jacques Cousteau and asthma for his scuba career. Plagued by chronic asthma as a child, a doctor recommended swimming to strengthen his lungs. But mere swimming wasn’t enough. On Saturday mornings, rather than tuning in to cartoons, he would watch repeats of The Undersea World of Jacques Cousteau and was enchanted.\nThe ocean wasn’t readily available to the Boulder, Colorado, native, but his father and he took scuba lessons and went to Molasses Reef off Key Largo for their open water dive. It was truly transformative. “It had everything you could imagine for a dive,” he said. “We saw grouper, shark, barracuda, moray eel … it began my love affair with the sea.”\nEvery year after that, the family would take a diving vacation. He eventually became a lifeguard and worked in a dive shop. Still, he earned his University of Colorado degree in fine arts and after graduation took a job in graphic design. “That lasted about eight days,” he added.\nHe soon was contacting every dive shop in South Florida and landed a Port St. Lucie dive master job that would eventually lead him to diving throughout the Caribbean, South Pacific and Hawaii. But as much as he loved diving, he ultimately felt the need to give more purpose to his passion. And, that brought him to The Aquarium in 1999, four years after it opened.\nHe credits the late Thom Stork, who took over as the Aquarium President in 2002, with recognizing how dive programs could advance the facility’s vision to “Protect and Restore Our Blue Planet.” The Aquarium began allowing guests to dive in the flagship Coral Reef exhibit and enabling kids to snorkel with fish.\nThe carefully supervised encounters were intended not to generate thrills but rather to promote an appreciation of the natural world. As Coy explained, “Nothing can take the place of a direct experience with an animal. It’s emotional, and that is a sure way to transform people’s behavior.”\nCoy said that Stork knew some in the zoo-aquarium world did not approve of such interactive ventures. But Stork, who died in January, saw that when the experience was mutually beneficial to the animals and the guests, it was a powerful way to encourage conservation. “We are going to do it and be proud of it,” Stork told him. Today, Coy’s team has been integral in establishing safe and positive diving experiences at other institutions across the country.\nBut that was only a small part of the plan Stork and Coy had for the Aquarium dive team. It expanded to include partnering with universities and scientific groups on critical ocean research on red tides, sharks, sea turtles and numerous other topics.\nIt grew further with an archaeological survey of shipwrecks in Tampa Bay, finding in the Hillsborough River a Civil War era ship used by one-time Tampa Mayor James McKay and discovering the USS Narcissus, a Civil War tugboat that sunk off Egmont Key in 1866. The state of Florida eventually made the Narcissus its 12th Underwater Archaeological Preserve.\nAlso, he was part of a dive team that excavated the fabled Monitor, which battled the Merrimack during the Civil War in the first encounter of two ironclad ships.The North’s Monitor sunk in a storm off Cape Hatteras, N.C., in 1862. Coy said a vivid memory is finding human remains in the shipwreck. It was a sobering moment and made him and the other divers better understand that such archaeological efforts must be conducted with the utmost care and respect.\nCoy, who has experimented with mixing gases that allow longer, deeper dives, now oversees an operation that includes 25 employees, 125 volunteers and four water craft. The married father of two girls also leads The Aquarium diving expeditions to exotic locales, including pristine reefs off Cuba. Though he’s made thousands of dives, his enthusiasm for undersea world has not diminished. “I still get a bang out of blowing bubbles,” he said.\nLove Diving? Check out this amazing story of life beneath the Antarctic ice…\nNote: Those interested in experience The Florida Aquarium’s in-Aquarium and in-the-wild diving experiences can visit The Florida Aquarium’s website.", "domain": "ocean_science"}
{"url": "https://ag.txst.edu/outreach/fish-lab.html", "date": "2024-02-25T22:15:43Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947474643.29/warc/CC-MAIN-20240225203035-20240225233035-00157.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8801450729370117, "token_count": 141, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__39391345", "lang": "en", "text": "Fish Innovation Lab\nTexas State University is one of five universities collaborating on the Fish Innovation Lab.\nThe Fish Innovation Lab supports and links research partners around the globe to identify, develop, and scale up promising methodologies and technologies for local fish farming systems, and to intensify and diversify major production systems where the poor and undernourished are concentrated.\nFunded by the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID), the Feed the Future Innovation Lab for Fish (FIL) aims to reduce poverty and improve nutrition, food security, and livelihoods in developing countries by supporting the sustainable development of fisheries and aquaculture systems.\nFor more information, see the Fish Innovation Lab website.", "domain": "ocean_science"}
{"url": "https://wakingthewombat.com/2018/08/09/the-other-side-of-bali/", "date": "2023-06-07T00:03:59Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-23/segments/1685224653183.5/warc/CC-MAIN-20230606214755-20230607004755-00013.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9748659133911133, "token_count": 693, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-23", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-23__0__181306033", "lang": "en", "text": "Following a few days in Seminyak, we transferred to a hotel in Nusa Dua about half an hour to the south east. It was one of a cluster of resort hotels and was located right on the beach in a beautiful, peaceful spot.\nSo imagine my disappointment, when strolling to the beach, I was confronted by plastic waste dotted along the shoreline; plastic bottles, plastic bags, plastic straws, food sachets, shoes, beer bottles – you name it, it was there.\nTwo hotel staff were raking up dead coral and seaweed which they buried into pre-dug holes. The plastic rubbish was collected in large plastic sacks, I’m not sure of its destination beyond the hotel’s waste management system. I realised then, that this was a daily ritual for the hotel staff – how distressing for them to have to do this – every day.\nOn researching for this post, I now realise that the washed up rubbish I witnessed was only a tiny fraction compared to the ‘Garbage Emergency’ declared in late 2017. During the monsoon season (December to March) seasonal winds had forced thousands of tonnes of plastic onto the beaches – not only from Bali but other islands in the archipelago, such as Java and Sumatra.\nBali sits in one of the world’s most polluted areas of sea and Indonesia is one of the world’s major contributors of ocean waste, being the source of around 10 percent of it. With a lack of awareness, limited rubbish bins and hardly any waste separation, it is not surprising.\n50 governments have signed up to the UN Environment’s Clean Seas campaign, which aims to clean up the world’s oceans. As part of its commitment, the Indonesian government has pledged to reduce marine plastic waste by 70 per cent by 2025. It has been well over a year since Indonesia signed up to the campaign and there was little evidence of change – there is clearly a lot of work to be done.\nI blinked away the tears which had unexpectedly surfaced and wandered on. I came across a gas cylinder which had clearly been in the sea for a long time given the state of it. I picked it up and moved it to the top of the beach where I hoped one of the beach sweepers would notice it.\nSome distance from the shoreline the locals were fishing. There was a highway of jet-skis speeding passed them and I wondered how this disturbance affected their plastic polluted catch.\nBy now, you probably have a grim view of Bali as a holiday destination but I have merely highlighted a sad fact which is the result of mass tourism on a poor country, whose people have little regard and a lack of awareness of the damage their love of plastic is having on the world.\nNevertheless, Bali is a beautiful island and although we only experienced one tiny little pocket there are still plenty of off-the-beaten track areas still to explore – until next time.\n4 replies on “The Other Side of Bali”\nSounds pretty much like some of our beaches 😢\nSad isn’t it what we’re doing to our home?\nMakes you wonder how we are going to ever get this cleared up ..\nIt sure does!", "domain": "ocean_science"}
{"url": "https://www.newnaturalists.com/products/seashore-collins-new-naturalist-library-book-94-peter-j-hayward-9780007308699/", "date": "2023-06-01T19:59:50Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-23/segments/1685224648000.54/warc/CC-MAIN-20230601175345-20230601205345-00725.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9373670220375061, "token_count": 327, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-23", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-23__0__190947390", "lang": "en", "text": "A comprehensive, authoritative account of the natural history of the seashore, from earliest times to the present day. This edition is exclusive to newnaturalists.com\nThe seashore, with its endlessly changing tides, is one of the most fluctuating physical environments on the planet. Home to an abundance of animal and plant life, it is also one of the richest habitats the naturalist can explore. Here in Britain, we are fortunate to have a long and varied coastline, and our relatively large tidal ranges mean that our seashore offers a wide range of coastal habitats, including mud, sand, shingle and rock. In New Naturalist Seashore, Peter Hayward looks at:\n• Resident and migrant species, including fish, barnacles, limpets, winkles, sponges, algae, lichens and sea grasses\n• The effects of tourism and pollution on these habitats\n• The geology of the British Isles, with its sinking and rising coastlines\n• The responses and adaptations of plant and animal life to a changing physical environment\nThis narrow strip of beach between the land and the sea that we call the seashore, has always attracted man, in the early years as a source of food, and in Victorian times as a rich habitat that the early naturalists would explore. In this fascinating addition to the highly regarded New Naturalist series, Peter Hayward brings the natural history of the seashore right up to date.\n- ‘will be extremely valuable to students…The text is scientifically accurate throughout and there are plenty of interesting insights’Andrew Cleave, British Wildlife", "domain": "ocean_science"}
{"url": "https://www.bayareacouncil.org/economy/key-milestone-in-sea-level-rise-design-competition/", "date": "2024-02-21T09:46:03Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947473401.5/warc/CC-MAIN-20240221070402-20240221100402-00690.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9419376254081726, "token_count": 275, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__68791142", "lang": "en", "text": "KEY MILESTONE IN SEA-LEVEL RISE DESIGN COMPETITION\nThe Resilient by Design Bay Area Challenge entered its final phase on Thursday (Jan. 11), with each of the 10 world-class design teams being assigned a specific location on the San Francisco Bay shoreline to prepare for sea level rise. State officials estimate there’s a 67 percent likelihood that sea levels at the Golden Gate will rise by 1.1 feet by 2050. Those troubling figures build off of a 2015 study by the Bay Area Council Economic Institute that estimated the Bay Area could suffer more than $10 billion in economic damages due to flooding from a 150-year storm event under present-day sea levels.\nThe final Resilient by Design sites were the result of months of research and interaction between design teams, community members, and experts in government, industry, and academia. The final designs will be unveiled this spring. The Bay Area was awarded financial support to host Resilient by Design by the Rockefeller Foundation shortly after Bay Area voters approved the Bay Area Council-backed Measure AA campaign for a $12 parcel tax to fund multi-benefit flood protection/wetland restoration projects along the Bay shoreline. To learn more about Resilient by Design, contact Bay Area Council Vice President, and Resilient by Design Executive Board Member, Adrian Covert.", "domain": "ocean_science"}
{"url": "https://www.alpinepacific.nz/stories/when-is-the-best-time-to-go-whale-watching/", "date": "2024-02-28T06:53:50Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947474697.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20240228044414-20240228074414-00014.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9333921670913696, "token_count": 758, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__80537128", "lang": "en", "text": "So, you’re looking at planning a holiday to New Zealand, and you’re wanting to tick off a few #NZMustDo’s whilst here. Watching whales is right up there on bucket list moments, and seeing them in Kaikōura, the beautiful coastal town on the East Coast of New Zealand’s South Island, is the perfect place.\nSperm whales, the world’s largest toothed predator in the world, can be found off Kaikōura’s coastline right throughout the year. This is because the waters off Kaikōura’s coast provide a unique habitat for oceanic life. Only a mere 800 meters from land, the Kaikōura Canyon plummets to depths of 1200+ meters, opening up to a trench which extends far out into the Pacific Ocean.\nKaikōura’s nutrient-rich waters are often referred to as a ‘cold-water supermarket’ for marine life. Cold currents from Antarctica mix with warmer currents from the equator, providing nutrients that encourage a food chain which begins with tiny plankton and goes all the way up to dolphins and whales.\nDue to the Kaikōura waters being so popular with marine life, Whale Watch Kaikōura has a 95% success rate, and guarantees an 80% refund if your tour is unable to sight a whale.\nEven though Sperm whales can be found in Kaikōura all year round, when is the best time to go whale watching? Our answer? Every day is a good day to watch whales, but some times of the year offer better opportunities than others.\nIf you prefer to be in a warmer climate, then your best bet is the warmer months of November - March. A New Zeeland summer can’t be beat. Not that this matters to the Sperm whales, we see them all year round. But Summer can also be a good time to see transient Killer whales. We see them about two to three times a month, travelling in pods of between 6 – 12 individuals.\nPersonally, our favourite time to be out on the water is in Winter. Yes, it’s much cooler and you need to wear a few extra layers of clothing, but did you know that an ‘underwater highway’ runs past Kaikōura, and in Winter Humpback whales travel this route on their Great Annual Migration.\nDuring the months of June – August, Humpback whales leave the Antarctic waters and head further north to the warmer tropical waters of places like Tonga and Australia. Whale Watch tours regularly get to see these whales as they embark on their journey past the Kaikōura Coastline. Humpback whales are one of the most acrobatic species in the world, and it is not uncommon to see these mammals breaching and propelling their body out of the water.\nPlus, Winter is when the Kaikōura Ranges are coated in snow. Could you imagine being out on the water on a crisp blue-sky Winter day, watching a Sperm whale dive down, arching its powerful tale with snow-capped mountains as your backdrop?\nKaikōura is a marine mecca. It is home to many marine species, including Sperm whales, Hectors dolphins and Dusky dolphins, and is also visited by transient species, such as Humpback whales, Orca, Pilot whales, Blue whales, Fin whales and Southern Right whales. Every day and every tour is unique, and part of the thrill of a Whale Watch tour is being out on the open ocean viewing wild mammals in their natural environment. You never know what you might see.", "domain": "ocean_science"}
{"url": "http://blog.ihs.com/q14-reeling-in-illegal-fishing", "date": "2017-12-14T08:00:12Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-51/segments/1512948542031.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20171214074533-20171214094533-00652.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9507333040237427, "token_count": 2715, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2017-51", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-51__0__158736346", "lang": "en", "text": "More people are giving thought to where their food comes from, and there is perhaps no better example than seafood. With the power of global logistics, it is possible to enjoy fresh lobster, fish, shrimp, and other delicacies of the deep in a restaurant thousands of miles from the nearest coast. However, eco-conscious consumers increasingly want to know where their food originated and whether it was harvested in an environmentally sustainable fashion.\nWhile seafood is a luxury for some, more than one billion people around the world rely on the oceans for their daily nutritional intake. Worldwide, an average of 17 kilograms (kg) of seafood is consumed per person annually, according to the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), making marine wild-capture fisheries one of the most important human food and protein sources. FAO’s charter includes improving global maritime and environmental conditions.\nHowever, these resources are being depleted rapidly due to poor management and overfishing. Globally, more than 30% of fishery catches are illegal, unreported, and unregulated (IUU). Black-market IUU activities undermine the economic and environmental sustainability of global fisheries and fish stocks and impact all countries.\nShining the light of transparency\nA global effort is now under way to increase the transparency of the global fishing fleet to reduce the environmental and economic impacts of IUU fishing activities. The primary focus is on establishing a global record of fishing, which would require a permanent unique vessel identifier (UVI) scheme like the 27-yearold United Nations International Maritime Organization (IMO) ship identification system that tracks the world’s large merchant vessels\nUnder the IMO system, all seagoing merchant vessels of 100 gross tons or more, including container ships, tankers, bulk carriers, and cruise liners, are assigned and must display a seven-digit number throughout their service life, from the construction berth to the breaker’s yard. The number remains assigned to that vessel through changes in ownership, name, and flag state. Vessels identified in this manner can be tracked and monitored at sea and in port for regulatory and security oversight.\nOriginally established and maintained by Lloyd’s Register, the number issuance scheme is now administered for the IMO by IHS Maritime & Trade. It has been accepted as the best available global identification system because each number is connected with data about the vessel and managed by an independent third party that is held responsible for continually updating and verifying data against multiple sources.\nPrior to 2014, fishing vessels were exempt from the requirement to be issued an IMO number. In 2013, the IMO General Assembly removed the exemption for fishing vessels of 100 gross tons or greater, effective in 2014. This means that IMO member states, regional fisheries management organizations (RFMOs), coastal states, and flag states could require an IMO number on fishing vessels in this class. This is the first step in establishing the IMO number as the fundamental building block for transparency of the international fishing fleet.\nBut there is a long way to go. To date, about 22,000 fishing vessels of 100 tons or more have voluntarily acquired an IMO number. Industry estimates suggest there could be as many as 185,000 fishing vessels of that size and possibly three times as many smaller vessels. IHS plans to help boost the database capture of vessels by linking electronic data exchanges among parties that have their own localized fishing vessel databases, such as tuna RFMOs.\nThe current lack of a universal IMO numbering scheme for the fishing industry means that the operator of a large, ocean-going fishing vessel can easily alter its identity by filing basic paperwork to change its name, radio call sign, and/or registration with another flag state. This makes it difficult, if not impossible, for regulators and law enforcement bodies to monitor fishing catches, vessel movements, fishing rights acquisitions, and other activities for thousands of vessels, especially those whose operators do not wish to be tracked.\nWithout the transparency and accountability bestowed by an IMO number, fishing vessels are free to engage in a wide range of illegal activities, from direct illegal fishing to associated document fraud, tax evasion and money laundering, trafficking of people, human rights abuses, and illegal working arrangements for crew members.\nThe absence of a unique identity for fishing vessels has been cited as a major reason that port officials have failed to maintain oversight against illegal fishing operators. Research by the Pew Charitable Trusts found that RFMOs were unable to maintain consistent and accurate records in fishing areas under their purview. Investigators found instances of the same vessel listed under multiple flag states with different names, tonnages, and other specifications and the same radio call sign assigned to many vessels. In other cases, vessels that were reported as sunk were still authorized to fish.\nGlobal fishing stocks under pressure\nWhile fishing has been an important source of food for millennia, only since the advent of onboard refrigeration and large factory ships has it had a globally destructive impact. Today, fishing vessels can deploy lines up to 60 kilometers (km) long, at depths of more than 2,000 meters, according to the Global Ocean Commission Report 2014. Trawlers track fish by sonar, which can cause extensive damage to coral and other fragile habitats, and capture tons of vulnerable deep-sea species for which there is no commercial market.\nFishing fleets have become larger and more advanced, due in part to more than $30 billion in government subsidies, according to the report. The efficiency of these factory fleets has launched a cycle of diminishing returns with larger and more expensive vessels chasing smaller and smaller catches. The Commission estimates the size of the world’s fleet is two-and-a-half times larger than necessary to sustainably catch fish stocks.\nAccording to the FAO, the amount of wild-caught marine fish increased from 3 million metric tons in 1900 to 16.8 million in 1950, reaching a peak of 86.4 million metric tons in 1996. For the past two decades, the catch has remained fairly constant at about 80 million metric tons annually—with the result that 87% of the world’s marine stocks are now fully exploited, over exploited, or depleted. Stocks of some of the largest fish, including tuna and swordfish, are more than 90% below their historical levels and may not be able to recover, according to the Global Ocean Commission Report 2014.\nA study by the University of London estimated the economic impact from IUU fishing at $10–23 billion annually, weakening profitability for legally caught seafood, fueling illegal trafficking operations, and undermining economic opportunity for legitimate fishermen.\nThere is a human cost to IUU fishing as well. Crews on many of these vessels work in understaffed, uninspected, dangerous conditions with little to no regard paid for their hours of service, safety, or the sanitation of their operating environment. The vessels may also be used for other criminal enterprises such as human trafficking, drug smuggling, and terrorist activities.\nA crisis of governance\nResearch by the World Wildlife Fund and Pew Research Foundation indicates that one key factor in fisheries mismanagement is that there is little access to real-time information on fishing fleets, their catches, and their transport routes to ports, processors, and markets. The problem is exacerbated by the difficult nature of physical control of fishing vessels at sea, which are not tracked like aircraft. Vessels often change names, company owners, and flag state—or flag to two or more registries—thus allowing them to avoid what management arrangements do exist. In many respects, the global depletion of fish stocks is a crisis of governance as much as a management failure and represents a serious threat to the rule of law.\nAdditionally, entities exist that have a vested interest in maintaining the status quo of lack of transparency. Some rogue flag states that are not signatories to treaties such as the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea and the UN Fish Stocks Agreement register vessels that fish outside of the management regimes supported by more responsible states.\nStates control fishing rights access within their exclusive economic zone (EEZ). Corrupt officials may sell rights for under-the-table payments, with no public record of which ships have legal rights to fish in a given area. Lack of transparency contributes to corruption and document fraud in licensing of fishing rights, which ultimately contributes to overfishing.\nVessel transparency is essential to identifying the controlling interests of vessels engaged in IUU fishing in order to hold them accountable. For example, the Australian government between 1997 and 2005 apprehended nine vessels engaged in IUU fishing within the Heard and McDonald Island EEZ. However, in all nine court cases, the government was unable to identify or prosecute any of the beneficial owners of the vessels. The vessel and catch were forfeited and the master of the vessel and the fishing master were prosecuted and received nominal fines. In one case, the address of the registered offices of the company that owned the vessel was actually a vacant lot in Moscow.\nProliferation of ID schemes An independent study commissioned by FAO prior to the 2010 technical consultation on the development of a global fishing record concluded that the existing IMO numbering scheme is the most suitable form of unique vessel identifier. Still, there has been a proliferation of competing proposals put forth dating back to 2005.\nIn that year, the UN’s Rome Declaration of Ministers on Illegal, Unreported, and Unregulated Fishing called for the development of a comprehensive global record of fishing vessels (GRFV) within the FAO. The GRFV proposal for fishing vessels is similar to the existing Equasis system for merchant shipping: a core database of vessel information linked to a range of data sources that will allow users to authenticate the identity of a vessel, its ownership, licensed operations, and performance. Like the IMO numbering scheme, the main source of vessel information into the public Equasis database is administered by IHS.\nLikewise, Japan has funded a project at the FAO to create a record for tuna fisheries using a unique identifier. Under the plan, once each source is matched to the database fields from information supplied by owners via national registries, ongoing maintenance is mostly automated. However, there is little provision for making corrections or independent verification of official sources of data. Under this scheme, vessels could remain out of the public domain or conceal ownership records. Also, smaller fishing vessels that typically operate close to shore could be assigned identification numbers from their local state of origin, which would mean they might not be incorporated into the IMO or GRFV databases.\nStill, momentum is building to improve the global governance of safety, crew conditions, and fishing operations that will help curtail IUU fishing. One major step was the adoption of the IMO Cape Town Agreement in October 2012 that brings fishing vessels within the regulatory safety regimes that apply to merchant shipping. When they come into force, which is expected within the next two years, new Port State Control inspection measures will require comprehensive information on foreign-flagged vessels and their ownership, which lends itself to the expansion of IMO numbering schemes.\nOther soon-to-be enacted FAO provisions require foreign fishing vessels visiting international ports to provide advance notice and request permission for port entry. And ports now have the authority to conduct regular inspections with the intention of preventing illegally caught fish from entering international markets. Also, RFMOs and individual member states can mandate the use of IMO numbers within their systems and certification, which would apply to high-seas vessels. Additionally, in June US President Barack Obama signed a presidential memorandum, “Comprehensive Framework to Combat Illegal, Unreported, and Unregulated Fishing and Seafood Fraud,” to unify US efforts against IUU fishing. While the memo doesn’t specifically support a unique vessel identification scheme, it does state that US policy is to strengthen of relevant existing statutes to improve the transparency and traceability of the seafood supply chain. This may include the allocation of IMO numbers to vessels in their local domain.\nBuilding a consensus\nIn addition to curtailing IUU fishing and other illegal activities, adoption of the IMO number scheme for fishing vessels offers an array of benefits for consumers and the industry. Currently, when vessel information is received through the supply chain, it is usually vessel name, flag, and fishing gear type. The use of IMO numbers will standardize and channel the information transmitted through the supply chain.\nThe push for traceability has already started with governments, NGOs, and retailers. For example, the International Seafood Sustainability Foundation requires members to purchase seafood only from vessels that have IMO numbers. Major retailers can use IMO numbers within their supply chains to track the origin of seafood from the ocean to the grocery shelf. This information could be used on produce ecolabels as part of a vetting process to confirm that a vessel was fishing legally in a certain geographic area on the date presented on catch certificates.\nAlthough barriers remain to the adoption of IMO numbers as the de facto identification scheme for high-seas fishing vessels, there is a growing industry consensus pushing for its adoption. Using an existing, proven system would encourage coordination among various regulatory schemes and reduce the amount of time required to implement the system worldwide. Through concerted action, IUU fishing can be curbed, with the goal of ending one of the main forces behind the decline of the oceans and the life within.", "domain": "ocean_science"}
{"url": "https://www.onlydubaivisa.com/blog/dubai-aquarium-and-underwater-zoo/", "date": "2023-12-11T21:20:26Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679518883.99/warc/CC-MAIN-20231211210408-20231212000408-00711.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9354251623153687, "token_count": 1543, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__158145085", "lang": "en", "text": "Dubai is all about unique experiences that you are unlikely to find anywhere else. Right from visiting the tallest building in the world (the Burj Khalifa) to having a fun time at the largest indoor theme park in the world (IMG Worlds of Adventure), you will find myriads of such attractions with a Dubai visa. One such attraction in Dubai is the Dubai Aquarium & Underwater Zoo. The most unique thing about this attraction is that it is located inside a shopping mall. Yes, you heard it right! Located on the ground and second levels of the Dubai Mall, the Dubai Aquarium and Underwater Zoo is one of the most popular tourist attractions of the city that is loved by people of all ages. It is also tagged as one of the best things to do in Dubai with family. Moreover, it is also the member of the World Association of Zoo and Aquariums owing to its participation and contribution towards environmental research, environmental education, and wildlife conservation. Here is everything you need to know about the Dubai Aquarium and Underwater Zoo.\nDubai Aquarium – An Introduction\nThe Dubai Aquarium tank, located on the ground level of the Dubai Mall, measures 11 meters in height, 51 meters in length, and 20 meters in width, making it the world’s largest suspended aquarium. This aquarium tank contains 10 million liters of water and more than 30,000 aquatic animals, which includes over 140 species of marine animals. The aquarium is populated with different types of fishes, including more than 300 sharks, manta rays, and sting rays. One of the highlights of the aquarium is that it is home to the world’s largest collection of sand tiger sharks. The aquarium is in the form of a tunnel, and you will get a 270o view of the marine animals swimming all around you.\nUnderwater Zoo – An Introduction\nJust above the Dubai Aquarium is the Underwater Zoo, where you will get to meet some interesting underwater animals. The zoo is divided into 3 ecological zones, namely Rainforest, Rocky Shore, and Living Ocean, depending on the different species of animals living here. The underwater zoo follows a lunar-cyclic lighting system to imitate the natural environment of the animals. The different animals you will find at the Underwater Zoo include otters, giant spider crabs, Humboldt penguins, African Dwarf crocodiles, seahorses, water rats, garden eels, nautilus, archerfish, etc.\nDubai’s Wild Wadi Waterpark and other water parks offer plenty of room to swim, splash and dip, while Dubai Aquarium and Underwater Zoo gives you the chance to swim underwater up-close with diverse marine life. Apart from strolling along the aquarium tunnel and watching the underwater animals, there are plenty of special experiences you can enjoy at the Dubai Aquarium & Underwater Zoo. Some of these experiences give you the chance to see the inhabitants of the aquarium and zoo at close quarters.\nShark Feeding Encounter:\nExperience ‘feeding frenzy” as you watch couple of sharks coming together to enjoy their meal. The shark feeding encounter is an underwater experience, where you get to watch shark feeding at close quarters, while waiting safely in the shark feeding arena (cage). After the 30 minutes’ experience, you get to go on a behind-the-scenes tour and also get to know about the shark breeding program of the aquarium.\nIf you want to explore the underwater world of the aquarium, cage snorkeling would help you to do this safely. Here, you will have to wear all the snorkeling gear and get into a cage, which would be then goes down into the aquarium tank. This will give you the chance to see all the different species of marine animals closely.\nSharks are the star attraction of Dubai Aquarium, and shark diving gives you the opportunity to see them up, close, and personal. You do not need to be certified diver to enjoy this experience. During the duration you are inside the water, you will get to see sand tiger sharks, leopard sharks, stingrays, giant groupers, reef sharks, and tawny nurse sharks.\nIf you want to learn scuba diving, the Dubai Aquarium is a great place not only to learn but also to get a PADI certification. During the 2-days PADI certification course offered by the Dubai Aquarium, you will learn to scuba dive under the guidance of professional divers. With this certification, you can go scuba diving in the ocean as well.\nAlthough similar to shark diving, shark walker gives you the chance to have a close encounter with sharks but while keeping your hair dry. Before you get into the cage, you will get to wear a customized white helmet, which will prevent your hair from getting wet. This underwater experience lasts for 25 minutes and lets you see the different shark species of the aquarium.\nGlass Bottom Boat Riding:\nIf you are not into extreme adventures and the above experiences are not your cup of tea, the glass bottom boat ride is perfect for you. Here you go on a boat tour on the surface of the aquarium. As the bottom of the boat is made of glass, you will get to see to fishes swimming right under you.\nMeet the King Croc:\nImage Credit: https://www.flickr.com/\nOne of the most popular experiences offered by the Underwater Zoo is ‘Meet the King Croc’. The King Croc here is more than 40 years old, originally belonging to Australia. Currently, he measures 5 meters in length and weighs 750 kg. He is believed to grow more in weight as he ages.\nYou get to learn about the habitat and life of Gentoo Penguins during the Penguin Encounter. As you step inside the Penguin facility, you will be transported to their natural habitat, i.e. in the Antarctic Peninsula and Sub Antarctic islands. This temperature-controlled facility mimics the annual light cycle of the Antarctic, ensuring that the penguins live in a place similar to their natural habitat.\nOtters are one of the most playful underwater animals, and you get to meet and interact with them here. You will have a great time watching the otters play, run, and paint during this special and fun encounter.\nApart from the underwater world, the Dubai Aquarium & Underwater World offers an exclusive experience where you get to see wildlife from all around the world. The VRZoo experience gives you the opportunity to see a herd of elephants in the Savannah, gorillas in Uganda, whales and sharks in Maldives, etc. The VR experience makes you feel that you are having a real-life experience.\nUAE’s Night Creatures:\nThe Dubai Aquarium & Underwater World is a great place to learn about the native creatures of the desert. Located in a 200 square meters’ space dedicated for the same, the UAE’s Night Creatures lets you see and know about desert beings like fruit bats, camel spiders, veiled chameleons, Arabian toads, etc.\nApart from sightseeing, the Dubai Aquarium & Underwater Zoo is also a great place to host birthday parties and go for school excursions. It is open from 10 AM to 10 PM during weekdays and 10 AM to midnight during weekends. So if you have a Dubai tourist visa and are gearing up for a holiday in the golden city, do include Dubai Aquarium & Underwater Zoo in your itinerary for an educational and enriching experience.", "domain": "ocean_science"}
{"url": "http://usfsc.grscicoll.org/institutional-collection/marine-environmental-specimen-bank", "date": "2018-01-22T10:03:50Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-05/segments/1516084891277.94/warc/CC-MAIN-20180122093724-20180122113724-00328.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9345000386238098, "token_count": 464, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2018-05", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-05__0__241205023", "lang": "en", "text": "The Marine Environmental Specimen Bank (Marine ESB) was established by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) in 2002 at the Hollings Marine Laboratory, Charleston, South Carolina. It is devoted to the cryogenic banking of marine environmental specimens (e.g., fish tissues, mussels, oysters, marine mammal tissues, bird eggs and feathers, sea turtle tissues and eggs, coral tissues and coral ecosystem specimens) as part of ongoing research and monitoring programs conducted in the marine and coastal environment of the USA, including Alaska and the Pacific Islands Region. In addition, the Marine ESB houses all samples (e.g., human livers, marine sediments, fish tissues, mussels, oysters, human diet samples) that were maintained at the former NIST National Biomonitoring Specimen Bank (NBSB) which was established in 1979. The Marine ESB is specifically designed to cryogenically store these environmental specimens over long periods of time (50-100 years). A systematic well-designed specimen bank program is not only a valuable component of realtime monitoring and basic research, but it also enables future investigators to extend their research into the past (hind casting) and provides for future verification of analytical results (quality assurance). The Marine ESB is an important resource of research materials that are used to document geographic and temporal trends in “new” pollutants, changes in transport and accumulation of “old” pollutants in the environment that might be related to climate change, and to study temporal changes in marine animal health through application of future new analytical and biochemical techniques. Additionally, samples are not limited to just pollution research but have also been used to determine cellular and biomolecular measurements, RNA analysis for genetics and evolutionary studies, as well as food web studies through stable isotope and fatty acid analysis.\nStandardized protocols are developed by NIST for collecting and archiving tissues and fluids which are designed to: (1) provide sufficient material for multiple analyses, (2) minimize the possibility of sample change and/or loss during storage, (3) minimize inadvertent contamination during sample handling and ensure sample integrity, (4) provide for long-term sample stability through cryogenic techniques, and (5) track and maintain a record of sample history.", "domain": "ocean_science"}
{"url": "https://www.confer.cz/metal/2016/1789-a-smart-innovation-in-seawater-desalination-eri-px-durability-corrosion-resistance", "date": "2024-04-22T13:04:33Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296818293.64/warc/CC-MAIN-20240422113340-20240422143340-00175.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9258039593696594, "token_count": 377, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__360495", "lang": "en", "text": "Every year, around 300 million m3 of seawater is desalinated & lots of researches are involved in the same domain. Various methods & techniques were invented to rise up the level of water purity. One of the largest used techniques in this domain is the Reverse Osmosis, which is a simulation to the natural phenomena called Osmosis that depends on high pressure pumping of the conducted seawater to the RO modules, in order to desalinate the water from salt. However, obstacles were always facing researchers during the realization & also preventing the dispositive from damage while facing the immense seawater pressure (50 to 62 bars). But the worst obstacle is corrosion problem! Due to the high salt concentration in the seawater, what did extend the challenge to find more solutions to increase the yield & decrease the energy consumption with assuring a long-life for desalination dispositive. In 1992, Energy Recovery, Inc.(ERI) was established and manufactured ultra-high efficiency recovery products and technology, specifically the ERI Pressure Exchanger (PX) that is among the enabling technologies driving the rapid growth in seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) using the alumina Al2O3 , known with a thick oxide layer that protects the metal from oxidation. For the first time, a predicted design of the ERI pressure exchanger’s geometry was built, analyzed & verified with a numerical simulation to show the long life time of the ERI PX (up to 20 years & more) & explain the strength, high pressure & corrosion resistance of its forming materials.Keywords: Pressure Exchanger, Corrosion resistance, Seawater desalination\n© This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.", "domain": "ocean_science"}
{"url": "https://www.enviroannotations.com/articles", "date": "2023-11-29T22:18:57Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100146.5/warc/CC-MAIN-20231129204528-20231129234528-00049.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.920836865901947, "token_count": 1183, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__206213114", "lang": "en", "text": "13th May 2023, by Sunita Mishra\nIn a concerning development, the first cyclonic storm of the season, Cyclone Mocha, has formed over the Southeast Bay of Bengal. Experts predict that atmospheric conditions are highly favorable for the intensification of Cyclone Mocha in the coming days. The India Meteorology Department, the country's nodal agency, has forecasted that the storm is expected to make landfall between Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh, and Kyaukpyu, Myanmar, as a very severe cyclonic storm by noon on May 14, 2023.\nThe occurrence of this cyclone in May, the peak month for cyclogenesis in the Indian Ocean, is not surprising. However, the alarming trend of rapid intensification observed in recent cyclonic storms raises concerns among researchers and scientists. They attribute these changes to the increasing global mean temperature, particularly in the Indian Ocean.\nAccording to a study titled 'Changing status of tropical cyclones over the north Indian Ocean,' researchers have noted a decrease in the translation speed of cyclones in the Arabian Sea, indicating slower movement. The intensification of cyclonic activity in the Arabian Sea is closely linked to rising ocean temperatures and increased moisture availability resulting from global warming. The study spanning from 1982 to 2019 shows a significant upward trend in the intensity, frequency, and duration of cyclonic storms and very severe cyclonic storms over the Arabian Sea. While there has been an 8% decrease in cyclone frequency in the Bay of Bengal, there has been a staggering 52% increase in the Arabian Sea during the recent epoch from 2001 to 2019.\nClimate scientists have emphasized the impact of warming oceans on cyclone behavior. Dr. Roxy Mathew Koll, a climate scientist at the Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology and Lead IPCC Author, warns that models often fail to capture the rapid intensification of cyclones due to inadequate inclusion of ocean conditions. Cyclones nowadays can retain their energy for an extended period, as seen in the case of Cyclone Amphan, which caused significant devastation even while traveling over land. Dr. Koll emphasizes that as long as oceans remain warm and winds remain favorable, cyclones will maintain their intensity for a longer duration.\nThe Bay of Bengal, riding on the wave of global warming in recent decades, has witnessed increased temperatures ranging between 30-32 degrees Celsius. These elevated temperatures play a crucial role in the intensification of cyclonic storms by enhancing convection. Dr. Koll highlights that this rapid intensification has become more frequent in both the Arabian Sea and the Bay of Bengal.\nThe impacts of climate change on cyclogenesis, especially in the Indian Ocean region, have become a cause for concern due to its high population density along the coastlines. According to the Ministry of Earth Sciences Report, climate models project an increase in tropical cyclone intensity and precipitation intensity in the North Indian Ocean basin. A comparison of pre-1950 and post-1950 periods reveals a rise in severe cyclonic storms by 49% in the Bay of Bengal region and 52% in the Arabian Sea region on an annual scale. Observations further indicate an increase in the frequency of extremely severe cyclonic storms over the Arabian Sea during the post-monsoon seasons of 1998-2018, with medium confidence attributing this rise to human-induced sea surface temperature (SST) warming.\nThe changing climate, primarily driven by increased greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, has resulted in an energy imbalance in the climate system. Approximately 92% of the energy goes into the ocean, leading to increased Ocean Heat Content (OHC). The IPCC's Special Report on Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate (SROCC) highlights the rise in global mean surface temperature, sea level, and Ocean Heat Content as primary indicators of climate change. Since the 1950s, the Indian Ocean has experienced the fastest surface warming, with the Ocean Heat Content increasing significantly.\nAccording to the SROCC, future projections indicate a warmer and wetter world over oceans, providing more energy for evaporation and facilitating increased tropical cyclone (TC) activity and rainfall. While there may be fewer cyclones overall, the storms that do form are expected to be more intense, with a higher likelihood of Category 4 or 5 storms. Changes in atmospheric stability and the concentration of energy in a few large storms contribute to this intensification.\nExperts highlight the role of the barrier layer, a layer between the top and bottom layers of the ocean, in cyclone behavior. As Ocean Heat Content strengthens, heat penetration to the ocean's bottom layer decreases. Cyclones tend to track where the Ocean Heat Content is higher, and recent observations indicate that cyclones can maintain their strength even when near the coast. This poses a serious threat to the coastal areas of India.\nTo better understand and predict cyclone behavior, scientists emphasize the importance of incorporating the thermal structure of the upper ocean, rather than relying solely on sea surface temperature (SST), which represents only the skin layer of the ocean. Ocean Heat Content acts as a critical predictor for cyclones, affecting their life cycle, pressure drop, track change, intensity, and storm surge height. Therefore, it is necessary to develop improved parameterization of SST that accounts for Ocean Heat Content, ultimately enhancing cyclone modeling and forecasting accuracy.\nIn conclusion, the formation and intensification of cyclonic storms like Cyclone Mocha are intrinsically linked to climate change. Rising global temperatures and increasing Ocean Heat Content contribute to the intensification of cyclones in the Indian Ocean region. As climate change continues, the need for robust modeling techniques and accurate forecasting becomes crucial in mitigating the impacts of these severe weather events on vulnerable coastal communities.\nDisclaimer: The article is based on information provided by Climate Trends, a research-based consulting and capacity building initiative specializing in environment, climate change, and sustainable development.", "domain": "ocean_science"}
{"url": "https://en.yousea.eco/blogs/news/plastic-rietjes", "date": "2023-12-05T08:40:54Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100550.40/warc/CC-MAIN-20231205073336-20231205103336-00878.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9428749084472656, "token_count": 203, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__204252622", "lang": "en", "text": "Your shopping cart is empty.\nThere are several disadvantages of plastic straws:\nEnvironmental impacts: Plastic straws are made from non-biodegradable plastic, meaning they take thousands of years to decompose. This can lead to environmental and ocean pollution, with plastic straws posing a threat to marine wildlife.\nWaste: Plastic straws are often thrown away after one use, resulting in a huge amount of waste.\nHealth: Plastic straws can release chemicals that can be harmful to health. For example, certain types of plastic, such as polystyrene, contain substances that can cause cancer.\nAlternatives: More sustainable alternatives are available, such as paper, bamboo or metal straws, which are easier to recycle after use.\nIt is important to remember that plastic straws are a significant environmental problem and it is wise to consider alternatives that are better for the environment. By avoiding plastic straws and using alternatives, you can make a positive difference to the environment and the oceans.", "domain": "ocean_science"}
{"url": "https://www.lib.latrobe.edu.au/databases/info.php?I=ARL21769", "date": "2019-07-17T04:51:19Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-30/segments/1563195525046.5/warc/CC-MAIN-20190717041500-20190717063500-00416.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8409916758537292, "token_count": 107, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2019-30", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-30__0__182915454", "lang": "en", "text": "ASFA Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts\nConnect to: ASFA Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts\nThe ASFA series is a premier reference in the field of aquatic resources. Input to ASFA is provided by a growing international network of information centers monitoring over 5,000 serial publications, books, reports, conference proceedings, translations and limited distribution literature. ASFA is a component of the Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS), formed by four United Nations agency sponsors of ASFA and two international partners.", "domain": "ocean_science"}
{"url": "https://irida-sa.gr/uncategorized/irida-s-a-participates-in-the-research-project-magiatiko/", "date": "2022-05-25T00:21:40Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-21/segments/1652662577757.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20220524233716-20220525023716-00366.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9175206422805786, "token_count": 674, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-21", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-21__0__144365924", "lang": "en", "text": "The objective of the project MAGIATIKO is the improvement of broodstock management of greater amberjack (Seriola dumerili) and the production of high quality fingerlings in order to enable the industrial production of the species by the Greek aquaculture industry. There is tremendous interest for this species by the European and Greek sector, as this species has a large body and exhibits very high growth rates. Greater amberjack reaches 3 kg at 2 years and 5 kg at 3 years of age. The proposal MAGIATIKO plans to build on the knowledge acquired by the European project DIVERSIFY (FP7, www.diversifyfish.eu), which is coordinated by the Institute of Marine Biology, Biotechnology and Aquaculture (IMBBC) of the Hellenic Center for Marine Research (HCMR). One of the main goals of this 5-year project was the study of the reproductive biology of the greater amberjack in nature, the recognition of reproductive dysfunctions in captivity and the development of methods to control reproduction, and the development of larval rearing and fingerling production protocols. In the framework of the DIVERSIFY project, IMBBC developed methods for reliable reproduction and egg production in captivity by greater amberjack broodstocks held at commercial aquaculture facilities.\nDuring the implementation of the project MAGIATIKO, the reproduction and larval rearing methods that have been developed so far will be optimized. Work package 1. Broodstock management and reproduction includes a series of studies aimed not only at providing the Greek aquaclture industry with constant production of eggs for larval rearing. Now the objective is to be able to controll (a) by which individual breeders the fertilized eggs are produced, so that breeding programmes can be implemented, (b) at which time period during the reproductive season the highest quality eggs are produced and (c) the nutritional quality of the eggs through the production of a specific broodstock diet. Work package 2. Larval rearing and fingerling productionwill optimize the developed larval rearing protocols and will make them more productive, through the collaboration with recognized academic institutions of Greece. MAGIATIKO will use the most modern rearing methods (with copepods and probiotics) and larval rearing evaluation assessments (histology of organs involved in the detection, capture and process of feed, microbiograms of the digestive tract and skeletal deformities assessment) in order to develop an industrial protocol that will produce fingerlings of the highest quality for rearing in sea cages by the Greek industry.\nWith the completion of the project MAGIATIKO the Greek aquaculture industry will have at its disposal the necessary methods for (a) broodstock management and reproduction control and (b) larval rearing and production of the highest quality greater amberjack fingerlings. Greater amberjack production will diversify the production of the Greek industry, not only as far as the species is concerned, but also in regards to the products. The large size of the greater amberjack enables a more efficient processing of the fish flesh and the production of value added products, which are more accessible to the consumer of the main European markets, where the Greek industry aims.\nYou can find more information at https://magiatiko.weebly.com/", "domain": "ocean_science"}
{"url": "https://dailyinspiringquotes.net/9-year-old-girl-makes-rare-discovery-of-15-million-year-old-megalodon-tooth-on-fossil-hunt/", "date": "2023-10-03T23:03:55Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-40/segments/1695233511284.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20231003224357-20231004014357-00733.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9721445441246033, "token_count": 437, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-40", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-40__0__138577649", "lang": "en", "text": "9-year-old Molly Sampson has a passion for fossil hunting. Her hobby recently led her to make a rare discovery on the shores of Maryland, where she found a tooth belonging to the megalodon, a shark species that lived millions of years ago. The fossil’s size surprised experts, and it’s just one of the several similar specimens that the young archaeology enthusiast has in her collection.\nMolly and her 17-year-old sister Natalie share a love for fossil hunting, with Molly expressing her desire to become a paleontologist in the future. Last year, for Christmas, the sisters requested waders to better pursue their hobby.\nOn Christmas morning, the sisters and their father went to Calvert Cliffs Park to search for fossils, and it was there that Molly made her discovery. She found a fossilized tooth that was larger than her hand. As with previous finds, the family took the specimen to the Calvert Marine Museum in Solomons for further examination. Paleontologist Stephen Godfrey, who has been evaluating the fossils found by the girls for years, was impressed by Molly’s latest discovery. He confirmed that the tooth belonged to the megalodon, a prehistoric shark that lived around 15 million years ago and measured 13-15 meters in length.\nThe megalodon, or Otodus megalodon or Carcharocles megalodon, was a species of shark that lived between 23 and 3 million years ago. It was the largest known predatory fish and existed in all oceans except those surrounding Antarctica. According to scientists, megalodons could reach up to 16 meters in length and weigh up to 60 tons.\n“Teeth of this size are really rare,” said Godfrey, who added that while megalodon teeth are found regularly along Calvert Cliffs, ones of this size are truly rare. The discovery is a testament to Molly’s passion and dedication to fossil hunting at such a young age. It’s clear that her hobby has led to not just personal joy and satisfaction but also valuable contributions to the field of paleontology.", "domain": "ocean_science"}
{"url": "http://www.oceancountytourism.com/county/news/2010/rap154.htm", "date": "2013-05-24T06:46:28Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368704253666/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516113733-00008-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9293033480644226, "token_count": 315, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2013-20", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2013-20__0__7049563", "lang": "en", "text": "rap #154 08/04/10\nFREEHOLDER VICARI TO HOST DEP SUMMERTIME COMMUNITY OUTREACH PROGRAM TO DISCUSS WATER QUALITY\nWATER QUALITY will be front and center when state Department of Environmental Protection officials visit Ocean County for a summertime community\noutreach on August 19.\n\"I've invited the DEP here to discuss matters that are important to Ocean County residents,\" said Freeholder Joseph H. Vicari, who is hosting\nthe event. \"First and foremost is water quality.\"\nBoth ocean water and the Barnegat Bay Watershed top the agenda, Vicari said.\nVicari said the meeting developed from conversations he had with DEP Commissioner Bob Martin earlier this summer about the possible impact of\nthe gulf oil spill on the East Coast.\n\"We know now we will not be affected by the BP spill, but this disaster has reminded all of us how very fragile our coastlines are,\" Vicari\nDisaster prevention and response along with ongoing issues such as storm water runoff, shore development and the permitting process are all\nexpected to be addressed.\nThe public outreach runs from 6 pm to 8 pm in the Ocean County Administration Building, 101 Hooper Avenue in Toms River.\nAll Ocean County mayors along with business leaders and local environmentalists have been invited. The forum is also open to the public.\n\"We encourage any Ocean County residents with a concern about the ocean or the Barnegat Bay to attend,\" Vicari said.", "domain": "ocean_science"}
{"url": "https://buffalocreekpress.com/dive-into-11-remarkable-images-from-the-2024-underwater-photographer-of-the-year-competition/", "date": "2024-04-22T19:40:27Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296818337.62/warc/CC-MAIN-20240422175900-20240422205900-00725.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.955819845199585, "token_count": 1783, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__164512073", "lang": "en", "text": "Dive into the curiosities of our vast oceans, captured in stunning detail by photographers.\nAlex Dawson of Sweden swam away with the top honor at the 2024 Underwater Photographer of the Year competition for an eerie image titled “Whale Bones.” Photographers from around the world submitted 6,500 underwater photographs, but it was Dawson’s captivating image that won over the judges.\n“Whale Bones was photographed in the toughest conditions,” noted Alex Mustard, chair of judging panel. “As a breath-hold diver descends below the Greenland ice sheet to bear witness to the carcasses. The composition invites us to consider our impact on the great creatures of this planet.”\nOther notable images from this year’s contest include a shark showing off its toothy grin, a spectacular lionfish out for a swim, and a whale opening its mouth wide for a sardine snack.\n“Whale Bones” In eastern Greenland the local hunters bring their catch and share it among each other. From a stable population of over 100,000 minke whales in the North Atlantic the hunters of Tasiilaq typically take less than a dozen. The whale is pulled up on the beach during high tide and many families gather to cut the skin, blubber and the meat off at low tide. Almost all the whale is consumed, however the skeleton is pulled back into the sea by the next high tide and the remains can be found in shallow waters where various marine invertebrates and fish pick the bones clean. Photo: © Alex Dawson/UPY 2024\n“Twilight smile” In 2011, the Bahamas declared its waters a “shark sanctuary”. Off the island of Grand Bahama, I witnessed several unforgettable encounters. At dusk, several dozen lemon sharks rise from the depths and surround the dive boat. Perched on the swim-step with my body half-submerged, I set out to take split shots. On this day the sea was rough, it was almost dark, and the sharks were lively and very curious, not hesitating to come into contact with my housing! In these light conditions, I replaced my strobes with 2 headlamps to ensure continuous light. I used the burst mode coupled with a fast shutter speed to better freeze the movement. With a lot of patience and luck, I was able to capture some very close-up shots, and highlight the magnificent colours of the sunset. A striking face-to-face encounter! Photo: ©Rodolphe Guignard/UPY 2024\n“Bottled Blenny” Butterfly blennies naturally choose abandoned whelk shells as their home but it seems they can get creative. On the seabed of the river Fal, amongst beautiful pink maerl, many have chosen to use discarded glass bottles as a shelter. Waste not want not. Photo: ©Kirsty Andrews/UPY 2024\n“Aquatic Primate” During fieldwork at Phi Phi Islands, Thailand, spanning several weeks, I focused my efforts on documenting the behaviour of the crab-eating macaques, in particularly their water forages. The macaques have adapted very well to living around the sea and will venture into the water for various reasons including transportation, scavenging, cooling down and playing. Highly efficient swimmers, they can dive for up to half a minute and can cover short distances faster than most humans. This photo offers a rare glimpse of the swimming movement of a male macaque. Photo: ©Suliman Alatiqi/UPY 2024\n“Octopus Attack” This shot was taken in Lembeh. The coconut octopus was sitting in a small hollow in the sand. In the background there is a shell where another coconut octopus was living. After I took some pictures, the octopus started to touch my lens. So, I was able to get this shoot with the important focus on the eye. Photo: ©Enrico Somogyi/UPY 2024\n“Attack from Above” Even more surprising than encountering a bird underwater is having the bird try to attack your camera while hunting for small fish in the kelp forest! Last summer at a popular Monterey dive site, the cormorants seemed to be more active and curious than usual. Knowing this, I planned a dive on a sunny afternoon hoping to catch a cormorant beneath the kelp forest pierced by the afternoon sun. I had numerous cormorants approach me, peck at my head and tank, follow me around, and try to eat my camera. This one paused for a moment, perhaps after the seeing its self-reflection in my dome port, allowing me to capture a head on portrait. Countless species including these cormorants depend on healthy kelp forests to thrive. Unfortunately, local kelp forests have declined by over 80% in size in the last decade due to warmer waters and unchecked predation by urchins. Photo: ©Jon Anderson/UPY 2024\n“Lion’s Lair” Raja Ampat, Indonesia is a destination that finds its way to the top of many divers’ bucket lists, and for good reason. The incredible diversity and density of marine life in this region can often verge on sensory overload as you swim and scan the reefscape trying to compose an image in the camera’s viewfinder. My goal on my first visit to this magical destination was to create a photograph that captured the explosion of life, colour and texture that comes to mind when thinking about the “Classic Raja Ampat” marine environment. This lionfish nestled up to a black crinoid feather star and framed by hundreds of tiny glass fish caught my attention and became a favourite image from the year of shooting. A fisheye lens and mini dome allowed me to approach within inches of the subject, filling the frame with the scene. Photo: ©Bryan H. Blauvelt/UPY 2024\n“Encircled” Summer 2023 brought the usual small groups of baby barracudas to each coral pinnacle on the house reef at Marsa Shagra, but for the first time in the 11 years I have lived there, they all gradually came together as one giant bait ball in the entrance of the bay, giving divers no choice but to pass through them at the start and end of their dive. Snorkelers spent hours every day floating above them, mesmerised by their movements. One particularly clear and quiet morning, I was able to witness and photograph this free diver as she played amongst them, influencing their formation for as long as her breath would last. As autumn passed, the juveniles grew and the bait ball attracted hunters such as snappers, jacks and bigger barracudas who feasted for several months, and by winter it was if it had never existed. Photo: ©Sarah O’Gorman/UPY 2024\n“Mouth To Mouth” This is a photo of two female Zoarchias major eelpouts in a fight. During the breeding season, in order to fight for a suitable spawning nest, not only the males will fight each other, but also the females, and inexplicably, even the males and females will sometimes fight each other. Usually, they can only be found in very few places of southern Japan. I thought long and hard before shooting, how to perfectly present their two biggest characteristics in the shot: their unique spotted pattern inside the mouth and that the mouth that can open up to 180 degrees! My choice was to shoot the fight in its most intense moment, using a snooted strobe to create the black background. I’m very honoured to share this charming moment. Photo: ©JingGong Zhang/UPY 2024\n“Chieftain Tanks” Together with an amazing group of photographers I had the honor to be invited to compete in the 1st Aqaba underwater photo competition in Jordan, where a highlight is the underwater military museum. An unusual sight of war machines sunk in 15 to 28 meters of water and stationed along the reefs in tactical battle formation. I wanted to capture the symmetry of the Chieftain Tanks and strong presence of their 120mm guns, but the position where I could shoot that image with my fish-eye lens was occupied by a military ambulance. Therefore, I experimented with a 6 shot panorama from a point between the guns, which allowed me to recreate the virtual position further back, and achieve and elegant symmetry of the tanks, supported by the central focal point of my dive buddy in the back. Photo: ©Martin Broen/UPY 2024", "domain": "ocean_science"}
{"url": "https://megadb.tweakly.net/thread/t3_79uo65", "date": "2021-01-24T06:10:24Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-04/segments/1610703547333.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20210124044618-20210124074618-00331.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8900864720344543, "token_count": 750, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-04", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-04__0__3108919", "lang": "en", "text": "ZubinB | 84 points\nWorld-renowned naturalist Sir David Attenborough returns to present this landmark seven-part series about our planet’s oceans. Blue Planet II explores the latest frontiers of scientific discovery, from icy-white polar seas to vibrant blues of the coral atolls, from the storm-tossed green Atlantic coastline to the black depths of the alien deep.\nS01E01 One Ocean\nIn recent years, our knowledge of life beneath the waves has been transformed. Using cutting-edge technology, One Ocean takes us on a journey from the intense heat of the tropics to our planet's frozen poles to reveal new worlds and extraordinary never-before-seen animal behaviours.\nStarting in the tropical coral reefs - the most diverse ocean habitat - a baby dolphin is taught the secrets of a coral reef, as its family rubs against a particular gorgonian which may have medicinal properties. On another reef, a tusk fish demonstrates a surprising level of ingenuity - tool use - as it uses corals as an anvil to break open clams. In the Seychelles, half a million terns nest on an island. Fledglings must eventually take to the wing, but danger lurks beneath the waves - metre-long giant trevally fish leap clear out of the water to snatch the birds.\nThe tropical oceans drive our planet's weather. Sun heats the sea, creating rain, winds and huge storms that drive up towards higher latitudes. Here, unlike the tropics, the seas change with the seasons. In spring thousands of mobula rays gather in Mexico's Sea of Cortez. At night, in a previously unseen event, tiny organisms that light up when disturbed react to their wingbeats, creating an enchanting bioluminescent firework display.\nPhytoplankton produce as much oxygen as all the plants on land and lie at the base of marine food chains everywhere. Where the plankton thrive, fish thrive too, and ocean travellers will migrate thousands of miles to take advantage of these productive seas. Predatory false killer whales off the coast of New Zealand are in search of dolphins. But when they find them, the whales team up with the dolphins to form super-pods - a formidable army to take advantage of the bounty of these seasonal seas.\nIn temperate seas around the globe, spring brings greening oceans. In Japan, a kelp-covered shipwreck is home to the Asian sheepshead wrasse, or Kobudai. At the start of summer a male mates with the females. But when a female reaches both a critical body size and age, it can undergo an extraordinary metamorphosis. Females change gender, and a new male challenges an older male to a face-off.\nToward our planet's poles, the ocean's surface is locked in ice. But in the Arctic, a warm current from the south keeps some Norwegian fjords ice-free all year round. Here, in winter, pods of orcas use dramatic tail slaps to stun herring, and humpback whales follow the noises to find the feast.\nOcean currents move heat around our planet and maintain a climate favourable for life. But our ocean system, in relative equilibrium for millennia, is changing at a worrying rate. Deep in the polar north, we meet walrus mothers and their newborn calves, searching for an ice floe to rest on. But with rising temperatures, summer sea ice is retreating - their battles to survive are becoming ever harder. As we begin to understand the true complexity of the lives of our ocean creatures, so do we recognise the fragility of their home.", "domain": "ocean_science"}
{"url": "http://coldtruth.com/2009/government-regulation/e-coli-government-regulation/seafood/the-sockeye-are-missing-from-the-pacific-coast%E2%80%99s-most-abundant-salmon-breeding-river/", "date": "2018-01-16T21:17:48Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-05/segments/1516084886739.5/warc/CC-MAIN-20180116204303-20180116224303-00178.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9381315112113953, "token_count": 637, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2018-05", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-05__0__211364267", "lang": "en", "text": "Only one out of ten of the expected bright-red sockeye salmon showed up at Canada’s Fraser River to spawn this summer. Some marine biologists attribute the deaths to the growing number of commercial fish farms that governments on both sides of border have allowed to open.\nMore than 10 million sockeye were expected to return to the Fraser, but less than 1 million showed up, according to government fish counters.\nSo what does this mean to consumers?\nOf the five major salmon species sold to shoppers and restaurants, fish mongers tell me that most people seem to prefer the sockeye, which is sometimes called Red salmon because of its mild flavor and deep red color.\nSockeye almost always sells for less than the top-of-the-eating-line King salmon.\nCanadian Broadcasting reported today that major fish sellers have just about run out of fresh sockeye. But I checked with the Wild Salmon Seafood Market at Seattle’s Fisherman’s Terminal, and they say they can get all the sockeye they need “so far.”\nStan Proboszcz, a fish biologist with “Watershed Watch Salmon Society” told me today that the cause of the sockeye kill-off might be attributed to a marine parasite.\nOther environmental activists and some academics agree that the 90 percent drop in the Fraser’s sockeye population can be blamed mostly on sea lice.\nThese parasites are found in very high concentrations around the sprawling commercial fish farms of Georgia Strait, which runs 170-miles north from the Strait of Juan de Fuca — which separates the U.S. and Canada – to the northeast coast of Vancouver Island.\nProboszcz explained that the juvenile salmon leaving their fresh water birth site — the Fraser River — for the Pacific, soon run into the sea lice from the floating fish farms. The lice attach themselves to the fish and feed on their blood and skin.\nThe parasites are not unique to the Pacific Coast.\nFish biologists in Maine and in countries bordering the cold waters of the North Atlantic have reported the same problem, that billions of lice can be generated by a single floating salmon farm.\nProboszcz says that while a few lice on a large salmon may not cause serious damage, just a couple on a juvenile salmon, can be harmful or fatal.\nFisheries and Ocean Canada, which, does little to control the hazards from fish farming, has the same conflict of interest that face U.S. agencies, Proboszcz says.\nBoth groups are tasked with ensuring the health of wild salmon, but also with promoting more commercial aquaculture.\nOther causes including over-fishing or an increase in water temperature may add to the sockeye’s demise, the experts say.\nBoth the B.C. and Washington State governments have approved the construction of more fish farms so the parasite problem, and other harmful spin–offs of the industry, may become worse.\nHere is a link to a six-minute bit of animation that can illustrate the hazards faced by spawning fish.", "domain": "ocean_science"}
{"url": "https://news.coinupdate.com/south-georgia-and-south-sandwich-islands-pilot-whale-featured-on-latest-coin-in-continuing-series/", "date": "2020-07-13T05:52:31Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-29/segments/1593657142589.93/warc/CC-MAIN-20200713033803-20200713063803-00332.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9413706064224243, "token_count": 723, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-29", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-29__0__161592369", "lang": "en", "text": "On November 8, the government and treasury of South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands issued a new coin in their popular “Marine Life” series. The latest coin features the pilot whale—or, to use their scientific name, Globicephala. These majestic sea mammals are large, robust animals with a bulbous head and no discernible beak. Though they are referred to as whales, they are actually members of the dolphin family, and are second only to the killer whale in size. Pilot whales are mostly dark gray, brown, or black, but have some light areas such as a grey saddle patch behind the dorsal fin. Other light areas are an anchor-shaped patch under the chin, a faint blaze marking behind the eye, a large marking on the belly, and a genital patch. These intelligent marine mammals form extremely cohesive social bonds, and the stranding of several hundred pilot whales at one time is not uncommon as pod members will often stick close together and protect the matriarch of the group. The pilot whale received its name due to a belief that the pod always follows a single leader, which, although not scientifically proven, is commonly believed to be the reason for these tragic mass strandings. The pilot whale can dive as deep as 500 meters when hunting for food, and has a diet consisting primarily of squid, along with fish, octopus, and crustaceans such as shrimp.\nPilot whales have one of the longest birth intervals for this species, calving once every three to five years. Most matings and calvings occur during the summer for long-finned pilot whales. For short-finned pilot whales of the Southern Hemisphere, births are at their highest in spring and autumn, while in Northern Hemisphere, the time in which calving peaks can vary by population.\nPopulation figures for pilot whales are unknown, and even though they are depleted in some areas, pilot whales are not considered to be endangered. There are likely to be almost a million long-finned pilot whales and at least 200,000 short-finned pilot whales worldwide. Between the two species, pilot whales range in waters nearly worldwide, with long-finned pilot whales living in cold waters and short-finned pilot whales living in tropical and subtropical waters.\nThe 2017-dated crown coin is produced by the Pobjoy Mint, U.K., on behalf of the South Georgia and South Sandwich Islands Treasury. The reverse design includes a pilot whale in the foreground in the Antarctic waters with the head of a second whale appearing above the water. The top of a third whale can be seen just above the waterline in the background.\nThe obverse of each coin features the new effigy design of HM Queen Elizabeth II that is an exclusive Pobjoy Mint design.\n|£2||Cupro-nickel||28.2 g||38.6 mm||BU||Unlimited|\n|£2||.925 silver||28.2 g||38.6 mm||Proof||10,000|\nThe coin is available in Brilliant Uncirculated cupro-nickel and Proof sterling silver. The cupro-nickel coin is shipped in a blue protective presentation pouch. The Proof silver coin is shipped encapsulated in an acrylic capsule for protection and housed in a custom red box with a certificate of authenticity. For more information on this and other coins issued by the government and treasury of South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands, please visit the website of the Pobjoy Mint. International sales dispatched where applicable.", "domain": "ocean_science"}
{"url": "https://footloosein.me/tag/chilika-lake/", "date": "2022-11-30T23:50:43Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-49/segments/1669446710777.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20221130225142-20221201015142-00743.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8997417688369751, "token_count": 112, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-49", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-49__0__65216340", "lang": "en", "text": "A lagoon is a shallow water body separated from a larger water body by Islands or reefs or shallow ridge. Chilika lake is the largest brackish water lagoon in India and is also the estuary of River Daya draining into the Bay of Bengal. A 32 km long channel forms the mouth of the river joining the sea. This estuarine region is a unique combination of freshwater, brackish water and marine ecosystems. The wetland ecosystem of Chilika is the first Indian wetland of international importance under the Ramsar Convention.", "domain": "ocean_science"}
{"url": "https://adventuresofamiddleagemom.com/2013/09/20/a-dream-fulfilled-whales/", "date": "2020-02-22T09:51:18Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-10/segments/1581875145657.46/warc/CC-MAIN-20200222085018-20200222115018-00123.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9845454692840576, "token_count": 897, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-10__0__63398501", "lang": "en", "text": "After many unsuccessful “whale watching” trips on both the East and West Coasts (and Hawaii!) over a period of many years, I finally got to see a whale in the ocean. Yes! Not only did I see one. I saw dozens. Off the coast of Monterey, CA. It was The. Best. Day. Ever. Thanks to the Monterey Bay Whale Watch.\nMy husband Mike and I boarded the Sea Wolf II, a 70′ twin-engined workhorse of a boat that sported an almost all-female crew (save for one deckhand). I mention the gender thing since on our last ocean foray — a sail on the Floridays — the crew was all-female and we had the best sail ever; my spirits and hopes lifted that the women would somehow attract the whales. Stupid thought, but true. Anyway. Off we went, cruising past a spotted harbor seal, a sea otter on its back munching on something and a whole\nherd swarm of sea lions (man do they stink). We cruised for miles. The sun was shining, and Mike and I were in shirtsleeves, enjoying the ride. And then?\nThe crew saw spouts! And from the size of them, they figured humpback whales were right ahead of the boat. As we drew closer Mike and I stood at the railing, anxious to get a peek. I didn’t really know what to expect since I’d never seen a whale in the wild before. That first spout I saw? I was like a little kid. I clapped my hands in delight.\nSuddenly, we were surrounded by whales … and sea lions. According to our captain, the fish and krill the whales feed on were in a thick layer in the area we were motoring over. We looked out, saw the hundreds of sea lions bobbing and swimming, then like a ballet, the sea lions parted. And a whale would appear! It happened over and over again. The whales flipped their tails. They bounced up and out of the water then flopped back. They swam in twos and threes. Together. They were having a wonderful time. And so was I. Photo after photo. I never tired of watching them.\nBy that time we had motored pretty far out and the wind kicked the ocean swells higher. Mike and I pulled on jackets and continued to enjoy our time on the ocean. The Monterey Bay is huge. And it has like a one-mile deep underwater canyon almost cutting it in half. We learned that’s why we saw such a variety of marine life: the canyon attracts all sizes and varieties of fish to its edges and depths. Did I mention the orange-hatted jellyfish?\nOne of the crew saw larger spouts off in the distance, perhaps a mile or more away. They were pretty sure the spouts were large enough for them to be blue whales, which they had seen on an earlier tip. We took off in the direction. I had my fingers, now safely tucked away in gloves, crossed. I mean, who wouldn’t want to see the largest animal in the world? In its own habitat. The water got rougher the further out of Monterey Bay we travelled. I was thankful that Mike and I are good sailors.; some other folks on the boat weren’t as fortunate.\nBefore too long we were in the midst of blue whales. To say they are huge is an understatement. They look like submarines when they surface. And the naturalist on board said that the huge portion of the whale that we saw is really only a small portion of it! The blue whales surrounding us dwarfed our 70′ boat; blues can be 90+’ long! And they are so graceful. They spouted. They flipped their tails. One even rolled so it looked like it was waving.\nThe trip was magical. We left at 2 pm and didn’t return to dock — all bundled up by then — until after 6 pm. The captain and crew were so knowledgable. And careful to keep us a safe distance from the animals. Even so, a couple of humpbacks and blues we saw were curious enough to approach our boat. Like I said: Magical.\nHave you ever seen whales in the ocean? What kind?", "domain": "ocean_science"}
{"url": "https://whitesandinn.com/activities/12", "date": "2024-03-02T23:05:35Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947476137.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20240302215752-20240303005752-00875.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8613331317901611, "token_count": 683, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__75775078", "lang": "en", "text": "Dive into a Kaleidoscope of Marine Marvels\nUnveil the captivating underwater realm of the Maldives through the art of snorkeling at White Sand Inn. Immerse yourself in a world of vibrant colors, fascinating marine life, and breathtaking coral formations, as you embark on a snorkeling adventure that promises to be both invigorating and mesmerizing.\nThe Snorkeling Adventure:\nSnorkeling is a gateway to the wonders that lie beneath the surface of the Indian Ocean. Our pristine location on Mamigili Island offers convenient access to some of the most spectacular snorkeling sites in the region. Whether you're a seasoned snorkeler or new to the experience, our team is dedicated to ensuring your journey is safe, educational, and unforgettable.\nWhat to Expect:\nGear and Guidance: We provide top-quality snorkeling gear, including masks, fins, and snorkels. Our expert guides will offer a brief introduction to snorkeling techniques and safety protocols, ensuring you're comfortable and confident before you set out.\nColorful Coral Gardens: Explore a world of living art as you glide over stunning coral gardens. Marvel at the intricate formations of hard and soft corals, each teeming with a kaleidoscope of hues and life. The corals provide shelter and sustenance to a variety of marine creatures, creating a vibrant ecosystem.\nExotic Marine Life: The Maldives is a haven for marine biodiversity, and snorkeling is your ticket to witness this splendor up close. Encounter a symphony of fish, from vibrant parrotfish and clownfish to majestic lionfish and elegant angelfish. Keep an eye out for graceful rays, curious turtles, and the occasional playful dolphin.\nEasy Access: Many of the best snorkeling spots are just a short distance from the shore, making it convenient for snorkelers of all ages and skill levels to partake in this captivating activity.\nTips for an Enriching Snorkeling Experience:\nBuoyancy Control: Practice controlled floating to conserve energy and avoid disturbing the marine environment.\nRespectful Observance: Keep a respectful distance from marine life and corals to avoid causing harm.\nBreathing Techniques: Focus on slow, steady breathing through the snorkel to enhance comfort and relaxation.\nGuided Snorkeling Tours:\nFor those seeking expert guidance, our guided snorkeling tours offer the chance to explore the best spots alongside knowledgeable marine guides. They'll share insights about the marine ecosystem, point out fascinating creatures, and ensure your safety at all times.\nBooking Your Snorkeling Adventure:\nTo embark on your snorkeling exploration, simply contact our dedicated team who will assist you in arranging the perfect snorkeling experience. Whether you're seeking solo serenity or a family adventure, snorkeling at White Sand Inn promises an enchanting journey into the heart of the Maldives' underwater treasures.\nDive into an extraordinary world where the ocean's beauty and biodiversity are laid bare before your eyes. Your snorkeling experience at White Sand Inn will be an unforgettable chapter of your Maldivian getaway, filled with wonder, discovery, and a profound connection to the natural world.", "domain": "ocean_science"}
{"url": "http://www.futurefilter.com/2015/03/06/nasa-finds-evidence-of-a-vast-ancient-ocean-on-mars/", "date": "2023-01-31T19:15:43Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-06/segments/1674764499890.39/warc/CC-MAIN-20230131190543-20230131220543-00455.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9581950306892395, "token_count": 161, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-06", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-06__0__78985851", "lang": "en", "text": "Ian Sample, for The Guardian:\nThe infrared maps show that water near the Martian ice caps is enriched with deuterium. The high concentration means that Mars must have lost a vast amount of water in the past, equivalent to more than six times that now locked up in the planet’s frozen ice caps.\nThe scientists calculate that the amount of water was enough to create a global ocean that covered the entire surface of Mars to a depth of 137m. But Mars was probably never completely submerged. Based on the Martian terrain today, the scientists believe the water pooled into a much deeper ocean in the low-lying northern plains, creating an ocean that covered nearly a fifth of the planet’s surface. The Atlantic, by comparison, covers about 17% of Earth’s surface.", "domain": "ocean_science"}
{"url": "http://www.erikablumenfeld.com/2009/02/22/crossing-66-degrees/", "date": "2018-02-19T10:06:25Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-09/segments/1518891812579.21/warc/CC-MAIN-20180219091902-20180219111902-00164.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9605934023857117, "token_count": 623, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2018-09", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-09__0__37547595", "lang": "en", "text": "Day 31; February 22, 2009; Southern Ocean, Antarctic Circle\nAverage Daily Temperature: 33.88˚ F\nAverage Daily Wind Speed: 10.82 mph\nFeels Like: 17.65˚ F\nOne doesn’t forget the first glimpse of an albatross. With wingspans up to ten feet, they are stunning in flight—ever graceful in the thick ocean wind. Albatross are known for their gliding, and hardly need flap their wings. By using the updraft of the wind off the ocean’s surface and the shape of their long elegant wings they can glide endlessly. I was quite fortunate to see five species today: the majestic wandering albatross, the sooty albatross, the light-mantled sooty albatross, the black-browed albatross and the grey-hooded albatross.\nSitting on up on the monkey deck with birder Dennis Weir, I learned a great many things about the albatross, as well as the many other birds that were emerging as we traversed the latitudes northward. It is quite amazing, these birds that live out here in the middle of the ocean, with only the restless sea to land on! Albatross can go periods of years wandering the sea before returning to the South Atlantic islands where they were born in order to mate.\nSeveral times through the day we also saw Humpback Whales, sometimes in pairs, sometimes in pods, and often near the lone icebergs that still persisted along the horizon. I was thrilled to witness one in the distance leap completely out of the water, and caught glimpses of others waving their fins or tails above the water. These graceful marine mammals had migrated here with their young for the austral summer.\nAlthough we are now far from their origin, the ice shelf, the icebergs endure the distance. The gray and misty day displayed their ghost-like silhouettes along the horizon. Their forms emerged and dissipated as if memories, yet in their fortitude they persevered despite the warming waters that now surround them. I cannot help but wonder at the their fate, and at the fate of Antarctica itself, as well as the Arctic, as ocean waters in general continue to increase in temperature and as Earth’s climate changes. How can we reconcile the loss of these lands and their unique phenomena? How can we bear their possible extinction by what may be our own hand? Can we make the changes necessary to save these environments, these pieces of our natural heritage?\nJust after noon, we crossed latitude 66 degrees and 29 minutes, and I left the Antarctic Circle behind. I have spent 26 days in Antarctica, 22 on the continent and four in the Antarctic Ocean. I have been opened to a world that I will not soon relinquish to memory, wanting to carry this experience afresh with me in every moment until I go back. This journey has strengthened my intent with my project, and impassioned me with the courage to accomplish it.", "domain": "ocean_science"}
{"url": "https://pubs.research.kyoto-u.ac.jp/book/9780323917360", "date": "2023-09-29T00:43:29Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-40/segments/1695233510462.75/warc/CC-MAIN-20230928230810-20230929020810-00064.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.7369205951690674, "token_count": 356, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-40", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-40__0__149608215", "lang": "en", "text": "本書は、海洋の極端な高波（freak wave/rogue wave）に関する理解の現状、異論、予測、およびそれらの工学的応用についてとりまとめたものである。若い海洋物理学者や、海洋構造物や海運に対するエンジニアを対象とした包括的な内容となっている。\nScience and Engineering of Freak Waves provides a holistic and interdisciplinary view of extreme ocean waves for both scientific and engineering applications. Readers will learn the fundamental theory of extreme waves and the implications they have on coastal structures and methods of prediction through chapters that review the definitions of extreme waves, their history and other important observations. After this, the book's authors describe the theory and modeling of extreme waves that occur in various situations. Final sections provide examples of the application of extreme wave research results to various engineering designs are presented.\nThis book provides a comprehensive overview of the current status of our understandings on freak/rogue waves, the science of extreme waves, prediction, and their engineering applications. As such, it is a must read for physical oceanographers looking for a better understanding of prediction models and the history of these waves, and engineers looking for more information on preparedness and implications for offshore structures and shipping.", "domain": "ocean_science"}
{"url": "https://www.oceanarrowmarine.com.au/sea-scooters", "date": "2024-04-15T12:51:21Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816977.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20240415111434-20240415141434-00716.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8637657761573792, "token_count": 203, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__195091081", "lang": "en", "text": "Dive into a world of aquatic adventure with the Lefeet Sea Scooter, a game-changer in underwater exploration. Unleash the thrill of effortless gliding through the depths with powerful propulsion, ergonomic design, and intuitive controls. Our Sea Scooter is not just a gadget; it's a portal to a new dimension of marine exploration. Whether you're a seasoned diver, snorkeler, or just an enthusiast looking to add excitement to your water escapades, the Lefeet Sea Scooter is your ultimate companion. Compact yet potent, it boasts a long-lasting battery life and swift speeds that redefine underwater mobility. Capture the awe-inspiring beauty of marine life with ease, as the Sea Scooter's sleek and streamlined build ensures minimal drag for maximum maneuverability. Dive deeper, explore further, and make every underwater journey unforgettable with the Lefeet Sea Scooter – the pinnacle of aquatic propulsion and adventure.", "domain": "ocean_science"}
{"url": "https://www.antalya.bel.tr/News/NewsDetail/4730/antalyas-first-sea-vacuum-cleaner-was-launched-into-the-mediterranean", "date": "2024-02-25T04:58:55Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947474581.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20240225035809-20240225065809-00890.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9235846996307373, "token_count": 865, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__67082179", "lang": "en", "text": "There is no doubt that Antalya is the most beautiful place in the worldMustafa Kemal ATATÜRK\nAntalya Metropolitan Municipality Mayor Muhittin Böcek visited the Marine and Coastal Management Branch Directorate, which started its activities about a year ago, within the scope of 1 July Maritime and Cabotage Day. Mayor Böcek launched Antalya's first sea Sea vacuum cleaner into the Mediterranean.\nAs part of the July 1st Maritime and Cabotage Day, Antalya Metropolitan Municipality Mayor Muhittin Böcek visited the Marine and Coastal Management Branch Directorate, which was established about a year ago. Deputy Governor and Border Civil Chief Suat Seyidoğlu, Coast Guard Antalya Group Commander Lieutenant Colonel Dr. Murat Sezgin, Coast Guard School Commander Colonel Engin Kuntay, Chamber of Maritime Commerce Antalya Branch President Ahmet Çetin, Antalya Regional Port President Mustafa Yılmaz and Qport General Manager Özgür Sert also attended.\nWe Own the Sea\nWe continue to defend our sea and nature in Antalya, working with all institutions and organizations, Mayor Böcek stated, pointing out that the Marine and Coastal Management Branch Directorate has carried out significant effort to maintain the seas clean. We take all essential measures to protect the environment and our medical procedures. Antalya, this is our land. We own the seas. And once again, congratulations on this lovely day.\nMetropolitan Will Watch Sea Conditions\nFollowing Mayor Böcek's speech, the director of the Marine and Coastal Management Branch, engineer Kemal Özgün, shared information on the works of the directorate. The \"Electronic Ship Inspection System,\" which is now at the tender stage of the Metropolitan Municipality, was mentioned by Özgün when explaining the measures being made to reduce marine pollution.\nThe Sea Will Become Safe\nThe cameras in question, according to Özgün, can even see the fuel pipeline under the sea, therefore this is how we will protect our city from sea pollution. This method will assist us in resolving maritime pollution and accidents. The AIS image and radar image will be superimposed, and artificial intelligence will alert us about marine pollution. With the thermal camera image, when a ship releases water at various temperatures into the sea, we will be able to see it in different color tones. If a ship releases wastewater into the sea, it will be sufficient for us to take administrative action with these images.\nSea Vacuum Cleaner Launched into the Mediterranean\nMetropolitan Municipality Mayor Muhittin Böcek also attended the ceremony of launching Antalya's first sea vacuum cleaner, which was commissioned by the Metropolitan Municipality on the Cabotage Festival. Mayor Böcek, was lowered the sea vacuum cleaner named ABB Mavi 07, belonging to the Metropolitan Municipality Marine and Coastal Management Branch Directorate into the Mediterranean from the Fisherman's Shelter with assistance of a crane crane.\nTogether with our environmental friends, sailors, all institutions and organizations, chamber presidents, non-governmental organizations, and colleagues, we will keep watching Antalya to preserve our seas.We wish to meet in clean seas on healthy and beautiful days,\" he said.\nThe sea vacuum cleaner named ABB Mavi 07, was purchased by the Metropolitan Municipality as part of the fight against marine litter. It will collect the physical garbage on the sea surface. Benefiting from solar energy, the sea vacuum cleaner can mow underwater algae and collect pollen, mucilage and petroleum-derived waste.\nAlanya, Türkiye'nin Akdeniz Bölgesi'deki Antalya iline bağlı bir turizm ilçesidir. Şehir merkezine uzaklığı 154 kilometredir. Türkiye'nin güney sahillerinde bulunan Alanya, 1.598,51 km²'lik bir alana sahiptir ve 2015'te nüfusu 291.643 kişidir.", "domain": "ocean_science"}
{"url": "https://scholar.google.fi/citations?user=aeJk7AUAAAAJ&hl=en&oe=ASCII", "date": "2022-08-13T12:47:46Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571950.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813111851-20220813141851-00064.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.6541385054588318, "token_count": 1245, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-33", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-33__0__136819527", "lang": "en", "text": "|Approaches to long-term modelling of coastal morphology: a review|\nHJ de Vriend, M Capobianco, T Chesher, HE De Swart, B Latteux, ...\nCoastal engineering 21 (1-3), 225-269, 1993\n|Beach nourishment projects, practices, and objectives—a European overview|\nH Hanson, A Brampton, M Capobianco, HH Dette, L Hamm, C Laustrup, ...\nCoastal engineering 47 (2), 81-111, 2002\n|Technological options for adaptation to climate change in coastal zones|\nRJT Klein, RJ Nicholls, S Ragoonaden, M Capobianco, J Aston, ...\nJournal of Coastal Research, 531-543, 2001\n|Variability of shore and shoreline evolution|\nMJF Stive, SGJ Aarninkhof, L Hamm, H Hanson, M Larson, KM Wijnberg, ...\nCoastal engineering 47 (2), 211-235, 2002\n|A summary of European experience with shore nourishment|\nL Hamm, M Capobianco, HH Dette, A Lechuga, R Spanhoff, MJF Stive\nCoastal engineering 47 (2), 237-264, 2002\n|The coastal-tract (part 1): a conceptual approach to aggregated modeling of low-order coastal change|\nPJ Cowell, MJF Stive, AW Niedoroda, HJ de Vriend, DJP Swift, ...\nJournal of Coastal Research, 812-827, 2003\n|Modelling of coastal evolution on yearly to decadal time scales|\nH Hanson, S Aarninkhof, M Capobianco, JA Jimenez, M Larson, ...\nJournal of Coastal Research, 790-811, 2003\n|6G white paper on machine learning in wireless communication networks|\nS Ali, W Saad, N Rajatheva, K Chang, D Steinbach, B Sliwa, C Wietfeld, ...\narXiv preprint arXiv:2004.13875, 2020\n|Analysis and modeling of field data on coastal morphological evolution over yearly and decadal time scales. Part 1: Background and linear techniques|\nM Larson, M Capobianco, H Jansen, G Rózyński, HN Southgate, M Stive, ...\nJournal of Coastal Research, 760-775, 2003\n|Coastal area impact and vulnerability assessment: the point of view of a morphodynamic modeller|\nM Capobianco, HJ DeVriend, RJ Nicholls, MJE Stive\nJournal of Coastal Research, 701-716, 1999\n|Shoreline evolution of the Holland coast on a decadal scale|\nJ Guillén, MJF Stive, M Capobianco\nEarth Surface Processes and Landforms: The Journal of the British …, 1999\n|Nourishment design and evaluation: applicability of model concepts|\nM Capobianco, H Hanson, M Larson, H Steetzel, MJF Stive, Y Chatelus, ...\nCoastal Engineering 47 (2), 113-135, 2002\n|Relationship between beach profiles and waves at Duck, North Carolina, determined by canonical correlation analysis|\nM Larson, M Capobianco, H Hanson\nMarine geology 163 (1-4), 275-288, 2000\n|6G white paper on edge intelligence|\nE Peltonen, M Bennis, M Capobianco, M Debbah, A Ding, F Gil-Castiñeira, ...\narXiv preprint arXiv:2004.14850, 2020\n|Analysis of field data of coastal morphological evolution over yearly and decadal timescales. Part 2: Non-linear techniques|\nHN Southgate, KM Wijnberg, M Larson, M Capobianco, H Jansen\nJournal of Coastal Research, 776-789, 2003\n|Depth of closure: A contribution to the reconciliation of theory, practice, and evidence|\nM Capobianco, M Larson, RJ Nicholls, NC Kraus\nCoastal Dynamics' 97, 506-515, 1997\n|Depth of closure: improving understanding and prediction|\nRJ Nicholls, M Larson, M Capobianco, WA Birkemeier\nCoastal Engineering Proceedings, 1998\n|MAGIC: An integrated approach for diagnostic data management and operator support|\nB Köppen-Seliger, T Marcu, M Capobianco, S Gentil, M Albert, S Latzel\nIFAC Proceedings Volumes 36 (5), 447-452, 2003\n|Shore nourishment and the active zone: a time scale dependent view|\nMJF Stive, HJ De Vriend, RJ Nicholls, M Capobianco\nCoastal Engineering Proceedings, 1992\n|Impacts of sea-level rise on the Ebro Delta: a first approach|\nA Sánchez-Arcilla, JA Jiménez, MJF Stive, C Ibanez, N Pratt, JW Day Jr, ...\nOcean & coastal management 30 (2-3), 197-216, 1996", "domain": "ocean_science"}
{"url": "http://www.ccnmag.com/article/why_some_bugs_can_stay_under_water_for_so_long", "date": "2014-04-21T07:04:42Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2014-15/segments/1397609539665.16/warc/CC-MAIN-20140416005219-00631-ip-10-147-4-33.ec2.internal.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.956488847732544, "token_count": 215, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2014-15", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2014-15__0__17062302", "lang": "en", "text": "Why Some Bugs Can Stay Under Water For So Long\nPosted on August 10, 2008 at 03:38:31 pm\nAccording to Flynn, the rough, waxy surfaces of insects and spiders are water-repellent. In some species, water-repellency is so pronounced that creatures may survive underwater for indefinite periods. This is achieved by an air bubble called a plastron that the insect traps between its body and its hairs, creating an external lung. This lung facilitates oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange with the surrounding water. “The closer together the hairs, the more pressure the bubble can withstand before collapsing,” Flynn says.\nFlynn, and his colleagues at MIT in Massachusetts, found these insects cannot survive in deep waters where the pressure results in bubble rupture, nor can they survive in shallow waters where the bubble surface area is too small. “We were surprised by the fact that, in some cases, bugs may be unable to survive in shallow water. But we did discover they can safely dive as deep as 30 metres.”", "domain": "ocean_science"}
{"url": "https://cutikatmana.com/product/pulau-bohey-dulang-2/", "date": "2024-04-24T22:31:08Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296819971.86/warc/CC-MAIN-20240424205851-20240424235851-00213.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8882433176040649, "token_count": 369, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__62962939", "lang": "en", "text": "Pulau Bohey Dulang is a stunning island located in the Celebes Sea, off the coast of Sabah, Malaysia. Part of the Tun Sakaran Marine Park, this picturesque island is renowned for its pristine white sandy beaches, crystal-clear turquoise waters, and breathtaking panoramic views.\nBohey Dulang Island is a popular destination for snorkeling and diving enthusiasts due to its rich marine biodiversity. The surrounding coral reefs are teeming with vibrant marine life, including colorful fish, sea turtles, and various coral species. Snorkelers and divers can explore the underwater wonderland and discover the beauty of the tropical ecosystem.\nOne of the main attractions of Pulau Bohey Dulang is its distinctive mountain peak, Mount Bohey Dulang. Rising to a height of approximately 353 meters (1,158 feet), the mountain offers panoramic views of the surrounding islands and the sparkling sea. Adventurous travelers can embark on a trek to the summit to witness the breathtaking vista and capture memorable photographs.\nThe island also provides opportunities for relaxation and sunbathing on its pristine beaches. Visitors can unwind on the soft sands, soak up the tropical sun, and enjoy the tranquil ambiance of this unspoiled paradise.\nAccess to Pulau Bohey Dulang is typically by boat from nearby islands or the town of Semporna. Due to its protected status as part of the marine park, visitor numbers are regulated to preserve the natural beauty and ecological balance of the island.\nPulau Bohey Dulang offers a serene escape for nature lovers, beach enthusiasts, and adventure seekers. Its stunning landscapes, vibrant underwater world, and mesmerizing views make it a must-visit destination for those exploring the tropical beauty of Sabah, Malaysia.", "domain": "ocean_science"}
{"url": "https://checkout.mattresswarehouse.com/blogs/mattress-warehouse-press-center/mattress-warehouse-to-sell-new-beautyrest-mattresses-made-from-recycled-ocean-waste", "date": "2023-11-30T18:23:27Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100229.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20231130161920-20231130191920-00877.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9284486174583435, "token_count": 375, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__46313137", "lang": "en", "text": "March 29, 2021 - Mattress Warehouse (mattresswarehouse.com) is excited to announce the addition of the Beautyrest Harmony and Harmony Lux mattresses lines to our stores and online.\nBeautyrest has partnered with Seaqual, a community of individuals, organizations, and companies working together to help clean our oceans and raise awareness of the issue of marine litter by transforming ocean plastics into luxurious fabrics.\nThere are an estimated 5.25 trillion pieces of plastic debris in the ocean. Around 10,000 marine creatures die every year from plastic entanglement. On top of that, roughly 500 billion single-use plastic bags are used every year. It can take between 20-1,000 years for a plastic bag to break down and can kill numerous marine animals.\nEach mattress in the Harmony and Harmony Lux line is made of up to 50 recycled water bottles pulled from the ocean. Plus, the new sustainable fabrics feature the same premium quality, softness, and comfort you expect from Beautyrest.\n“This is a win-win,” said Tracy Jones, vice president of marketing at Mattress Warehouse. “Not only do our customers get a comfortable, luxurious mattress, they’re also helping the environment. We are very happy to have these Beautyrest mattresses on our showroom floors.\nAbout Mattress Warehouse – Mattress Warehouse is the No. 1 independently-owned American retailer with stores throughout the Mid-Atlantic region. Serving customers for more than 30 years, it is our mission to provide each customer with a relaxed and educational buying process that provides the best overall sleep experience with quality products at the best possible price.\nContact: Tracy Jones, Vice President of Marketing, Mattress Warehouse ♦ 301-682-8504, Ext. 105 ♦ 4949 New Design Road, Frederick, MD 21703", "domain": "ocean_science"}
{"url": "https://tothepoles.co.uk/2017/05/23/new-agu-paper-microbes-change-the-colour-and-chemistry-of-antarctic-snow/", "date": "2022-06-25T05:20:56Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-27/segments/1656103034170.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20220625034751-20220625064751-00105.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9356969594955444, "token_count": 271, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-27", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-27__0__12092361", "lang": "en", "text": "In recent decades there has been a significant increase in snow melt on the Antarctic Peninsula and therefore more ‘wet snow’ containing liquid water. This wet snow is a microbial habitat In our new paper, we show that distance from the sea controls microbial abundance and diversity. Near the coast, rock debris and marine fauna fertilize the snow with nutrients allowing striking algal blooms of red and green to develop, which alter the absorption of visible light in the snowpack. This happens to a lesser extent further inland where there is less fertilization.\nA particularly interesting finding is that the absorption of visible light by carotenoid pigments has greatest influence at the surface of the snow pack whereas chlorophyll is most influential beneath the surface. Higher concentrations of dissolved inorganic carbon and carbon dioxde were measured in interstitial air near the coast compared to inland and a close association was found between chlorophyll and dissolved organic carbon. These observations suggest in situ production of carbon that can support more diverse microbial life, including species originating in nearby terrestrial and marine habitats.\nThese observations will help to predict microbial processes including carbon exchange between snow, atmosphere, ocean and soils occurring in the fastest-warming part of the Antarctic, where snowmelt has already doubled since the mid-twentieth century and is expected to double again by 2050.", "domain": "ocean_science"}
{"url": "https://www.portsmouthnh.com/event/fabien-cousteau-seacoast-science-center/", "date": "2022-05-21T21:52:41Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-21/segments/1652662541747.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20220521205757-20220521235757-00578.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9245293736457825, "token_count": 501, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-21", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-21__0__186853334", "lang": "en", "text": "Water Street Bookstore will be hosting famed explorer Fabien Cousteau at the Seacoast Science Center in Rye, NH on Saturday, March 9th at 3pm for a talk and signing of his new children’s book, Fabien Cousteau Expeditions: Great White Shark Adventure.\nIn Great White Shark Adventure, two young explorers join Fabien Cousteau and his team to get up close and personal with great white sharks in this start to a series of graphic adventure novels. Junior explorers Bella and Marcus join famed explorer Fabien Cousteau and his research team as they embark on an ocean journey off the coast of South Africa, where the world’s largest concentrations of great white sharks are found. Their mission is to investigate a sighting of a massive white shark, and tag it so they can track and protect it. Along the way, they’ll encounter whales, seals, dolphins, penguins, and a colorful array of other marine life. They’ll also enter a shark cage and come face to face with these powerful creatures.\nDramatic, graphic illustrations and a compelling story help young readers discover tons of facts about sharks and other marine creatures. Children will also learn the many damaging myths about sharks, why they are so misunderstood, and what is being done to protect them from further exploitation and possible extinction. (Ages 8-12)\nFabien Cousteau is the grandson of famed sea explorer Jacques Cousteau, and a third-generation ocean explorer and filmmaker. He has worked with National Geographic, Discovery, PBS, and CBS to produce ocean exploration documentaries and continues to produce environmentally-oriented content for schools, books, magazines, and newspapers. Learn more about his work at FabienCousteauOLC.org.\nAll ages. This event is free though registration is required as seating is limited. Due to high demand, there will be an overflow space with a live video feed of the presentation. All attendees will have the chance to participate in the Q&A and meet Fabien, get books signed, and have photos taken. Copies of the book will be for sale at the event. Doors open at 2:30pm. The event will take place at the Seacoast Science Center at 570 Ocean Blvd. in Rye, NH. For more information or to sign up to attend, call Water Street Bookstore at (603) 778-9731 or email us [email protected].", "domain": "ocean_science"}
{"url": "http://www.gosford.nsw.gov.au/environment/estuary/coastal-lagoons-management-planning", "date": "2013-05-22T07:47:47Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368701459211/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516105059-00052-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9185208082199097, "token_count": 2514, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2013-20", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2013-20__0__137268732", "lang": "en", "text": "Coastal Lagoons Management Planning\nGosford's four coastal lagoon systems are a significant geographic feature of the Gosford region and are situated on the Central Coast about 50km north of the Sydney Harbour Bridge.\nThese lagoon systems belong to a special class of estuary known as Intermittently Closing and Opening Lakes and Lagoons (ICOLLs). An ICOLL can also be defined as a ‘shallow coastal water body separated from the ocean by a barrier, connected at least intermittently to the ocean by one or more restricted inlets, and usually oriented shore parallel’.\nEach Lagoon is subject to a variety of pressures which may threaten existing economic, social and environmental values. The ultimate development of an estuary management plan for the Gosford Region Lagoons is seen as a positive and essential approach to addressing these issues.\nThe Gosford Coastal Lagoon systems are a highly valued natural resource for both local residents and visitors alike. They support a network of significant ecological communities as well as a diverse range of recreational uses. However, past land-use changes and human activities combined with a growing population are placing increasing pressure on the natural values and ecological health of the lagoons.\nIn recognition of some past degradation and continuing threats, Gosford City Council (GCC), in partnership with the Department of Environment, Climate Change and Water (DECCW), has resolved to prepare a comprehensive coastal zone management plan for the four coastal lagoons.\nCoastal Lagoons Management Plan 1995\nThe Coastal Lagoons Management Plan was adopted by the Council of the City of Gosford on 25 July 1995 (Minute No 815/95) and was formulated by the then Coastal Management, Lagoon Management and Coastal Planning Committee (\"CLP Committee\") in accordance with the principles of Catchment Management. Additional principles are contained in The Estuary Management Manual and the Floodplain Development Manual. Council prepared this Plan of Management as part of the ongoing management of the coastal lagoons and their catchments.\nThe Management Plan identified site specific proposals for each lagoon and recommended general management proposals that apply to all lagoons. The major elements of the plan are:\nControl of nutrient generation within the catchment.\nFiltration of nutrients and pollutants generated in the catchment through natural areas and through constructed areas.\nManagement of the lagoon entrances.\nManagement of lagoon water levels for flooding and aesthetics.\nReview local stormwater drainage problems.\nManagement of infrastructure works such as sewerage and drainage to keep discharges of pollutants to a minimum.\nReview the capacity of drainage to reduce flooding effects.\nVegetation management in lagoon catchments.\nControl of the level and type of development so that nutrients and pollutants are not generated or are prevented from entering the lagoon system.\nFurther investigation of the ownership and access to lagoon foreshore.\nManagement of the recreational usage of the lagoon surfaces and surroundings.\nFormulation of community awareness and education programs to clearly explain the management plan and the proposals to the public.\nDevelop programs to monitor the water quality in the lagoons.\nIdentification and rehabilitation of degraded habitats.\nSome elements of the Management Plan were implemented in the short term as they are involved with current policies and practices of the Council or merely need a change in attitude in the way projects or proposals are handled. Other elements of the plan involved creation of local approval policies, development control plans and local environmental plans to provide statutory support. Details for these elements depend on the attitude of the State Government.\nOther elements of the Management Plan required more detailed design considerations including costing to be calculated, funding proposals to be worked out both for recurrent funding and for capital works funding.\nThis 1995 plan is now under review due to the fact that many management options have been completed, the identification of new information has occurred along with changes to legislation and policy.\nCoastal Lagoons Processes Study 2010\nFollowing the completion of the Gosford Lagoons Data Compilation Study in April 2008, Council engaged consultants to undertake the Gosford Coastal Lagoons Processes Study. This was the next step in the revision of the existing Coastal Lagoons Management Plan (1995).\nThe overall aim of the proposed studies is to provide a comprehensive report on the existing physical, chemical and biological condition of the Lagoons and those processes and interactions that influence their condition, both within and external to the study area. Another aim is to identify enhancement, development and management needs to ensure the long-term ecological sustainability of the Lagoons.\nThe objectives of the Processes Study were:\nTo identify and document the physical and chemical functioning of the Lagoons as well as related processes (that is, hydrodynamic and sedimentary processes, including tidal behaviour, freshwater inputs, water balance, mixing, exchange with the Tasman Sea, catchment geology and geomorphological characteristics, sediment movement, sedimentation rates, and sediment types and entrance stability) and interactions (e.g. establishment of the water quality parameters (physical, chemical and biological) of importance to the health of the Lagoons, evaluation of mixing and flushing of pollutants, preparation of a nutrient budget), through investigation and data collection and comprehensive analysis (eg modelling).\nTo identify and document the biological functioning of the Lagoons and related processes covering flora and fauna, species composition and distribution; the productivity and health of the ecosystems; the range and sensitivity of habitats; and rare and endangered species.\nTo define baseline conditions of the estuarine processes and interactions on which management decisions can be made.\nTo review the existing and strategic land use activities that may potentially impact upon the management needs of the Lagoons.\nTo undertake any further data collection or monitoring to aid the subsequent stages of an estuary management study and formulating an estuary management plan for the Lagoons.\nThe following documents are available for download\nCoastal Zone Management Plan for Gosford’s Coastal Lagoons\nCouncil has been successful in gaining $75,000 grant funding under the NSW Governments Estuary Management Program 2010/11for the development of the Lagoons Management Study and Plan.\nCommunity consultation is an essential component of the estuarine management process. A quality Coastal Lagoons Management Plan will depend largely on the knowledge, involvement and support of the local community. Accordingly, community consultation and participation is an integral element of the planning process. Council will be actively seeking community, user group and stakeholder feedback to assist in Plan development.\nGosford City Council has worked with other government bodies, research organizations and the community to develop the draft Gosford Coastal Lagoons Coastal Zone Management Study which will be made available for public review and comment between 1 December 2012 and 1 March 2013.\nThe draft Study guides Council and the community in the development of a Plan to appropriately manage activities in and around the lagoons, guide conservation and rehabilitation efforts and ensure people understand the importance of the coastal lagoons for the wellbeing of the region. The Study builds upon the extensive scientific research presented in the Coastal Lagoons Estuary Processes Study developed in 2010. It has been developed through discussions with the communities who live, work and play in the coastal lagoon catchments.\nCoastal lagoons are dynamic living entities and an important part of the natural environment. These systems support a range of recreational pursuits while also providing habitat for a wide range of animals and plants. However, Gosford’s coastal lagoons are under pressure through changes to human activities and our use of the surrounding land and creeks flowing into them. Improved planning aims to provide a balance between environmental protection and human activities.\nGosford City Council will be hosting a series of community information sessions on:\nWednesday 5 December at Terrigal SLSC from 6pm – 8pm\nWednesday 12 December at Copacabana SLSC from 6pm – 8pm\nWednesday 6 February at Terrigal SLSC from 6pm – 8pm\nWednesday 13 February at Avoca SLSC from 6pm – 8pm\nThe exhibition period for the draft Gosford Coastal Lagoons Coastal Zone Management Study is from Saturday 1 December 2012 until Friday 1 March 2013.\nA copy of the draft Study will be on public exhibition at Erina, Kincumber and Woy Woy Libraries and Council’s administration building at 49 Mann St, Gosford. It is also available online at http://search.gosford.nsw.gov.au/ and www.haveyoursaygosford.com.au\nComments on the draft Study can be:\nThe General Manager\nGosford City Council\nAttention: Tim Macdonald, Acting Manager Integrated Planning\nPO Box 21\nGosford NSW 2250\nFor further information about the draft Study, contact Council’s Acting Manager Integrated Planning, Tim Macdonald on (02) 4304 7658.\nPearl Beach Lagoon Coastal Zone Management Plan\nPearl Beach Lagoon is a special landscape feature with ecological and localised visual significance in an area that does not have any other alternative substitute for the role that the Lagoon plays in the local ecosystem. The lagoon is an example of the small enclosed saline coastal lagoons which occur along the coast of south-eastern Australia.\nHowever, since urban development the habitat value of the lagoon has declined. This is in response to pressures such as urban runoff, modifications to the natural movement of water (e.g. the weir, drainage channels, groundwater extraction)and weed invasion. These issues are likely to be exacerbated into the future as a result of population increase, climate change impacts and projected rises in mean sea level as well as the cumulative effects of past practices.\nThe wetland condition and its preservation is of concern to Council and the residents of Pearl Beach. Council, in conjunction with NSW Office of Environment & Heritage, is looking to develop a Coastal Zone Management Plan (CZMP) to assess the health of Pearl Beach Lagoon, engage the local community in contributing to the management process and identify management options based upon sound scientific research.\nYour input is important in driving future management of the Lagoon and we encourage you to be involved in the process.\nObjectives of the Plan\nThe objectives for the Coastal Zone Management Plan (CZMP) for Pearl Beach Lagoon are to:\n- Maintain the condition of high value coastal ecosystems; rehabilitate priority degraded coastal ecosystems.\n- To protect and restore the natural lagoon’s aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems.\n- Address the current and future potential risks to lagoon health.\n- Protect and preserve lagoon amenity, maintain and improve public access arrangements to foreshores, support recreational uses and protect the cultural and heritage environment.\n- Consider the effects of climate change, including sea level rise, on coastal hazards, ecosystem health and community uses\n- Base decisions for managing risks on the best available information and reasonable practice, including adopting an adaptive management approach.\n- Link Councils coastal zone management planning with other planning processes in the coastal zone to facilitate integrated coastal zone management.\n- Involve the community in the preparation of the CZMP, including making information relating to the plan publically available.\n- The CZMP will adopt a risk management approach to managing risks to public safety and assets and pressures on coastal ecosystems; including avoiding risks where feasible and mitigation where risks cannot be reasonable avoided; adopting interim actions to manage high risks while long-term options are implemented.\n- Management actions in the CZMP will be prioritised based on public benefit, including cost-effectively achieving the best practical long-term outcomes.\nWe seek your help!\nIf you are aware of any research, studies, old photographs or surveys that have been taken in the Pearl Beach Lagoon catchment please let us know… by emailing:\nFor more information please log on to the consultation hub:\nA community forum was held on Saturday 19 May about the Lagoon Management Plan which provided a fantastic turn out of residents from all areas of Pearl Beach not just those directly abutting the Lagoon – as it should be as the Lagoon is a community asset that is pivotal to the health of the Pearl Beach environment.", "domain": "ocean_science"}
{"url": "https://prestopicturebooks.com/book-lists/childrens-books-about-oceans", "date": "2023-05-28T07:11:16Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-23/segments/1685224643585.23/warc/CC-MAIN-20230528051321-20230528081321-00602.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.905298113822937, "token_count": 1879, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-23", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-23__0__243996518", "lang": "en", "text": "Introducing the concept of oceans and marine life to children is a vital part of their educational journey. This early introduction not only enriches their knowledge but also fosters an enduring curiosity about the natural world. The mysterious depths of the ocean, with its colorful and diverse inhabitants, can be a source of endless fascination for young minds. By bringing the concept of oceans to life, we can cultivate their love for nature and encourage them to become future guardians of our planet.\nTo make this learning process engaging, ocean-themed children's books can play a crucial role. They come in a myriad of forms – from books that invite interaction, storybooks that narrate the tales of sea creatures, to educational books that dive deeper into the ocean's ecosystem, and activity books that combine fun with learning. All these different types of books cater to various age groups and learning stages, making the oceanic exploration more enjoyable and enriching.\nThe selection of the books we have listed in this post was conducted with careful consideration. Our choices are based on several factors, including age appropriateness, the educational value they bring to the table, and the fun factor that keeps children hooked. We wanted to ensure that these books not only ignite children's interest in oceans but also stimulate their imagination, improve their reading skills, and impart important knowledge about the marine world in an entertaining and engaging way.\nInteractive Ocean Books for Preschoolers\nDive into the wonders of the ocean with these interactive books designed for preschoolers. From counting and sliding to exploring different sea creatures, these books will engage young readers and spark their curiosity about the fascinating world beneath the waves.\n- Over in the Ocean: In a Coral Reef by Marianne Berkes: Dive into the vibrant world of a coral reef and meet the fascinating creatures that call it home in this rhyming counting book that introduces children to the wonders of marine life.\n- Slide and See: Under the Sea by Fiona Watt: Slide the panels to reveal hidden ocean creatures and learn about their habitats and characteristics in this engaging and interactive book that encourages hands-on exploration.\n- Who Lives in the Sea? Ocean Animals of Hawaii by Monika Mira: Explore the vibrant marine life of Hawaii's oceans, including sea turtles, dolphins, and colorful fish, through stunning photographs and simple, informative text.\n- The Pout-Pout Fish by Deborah Diesen: Join the Pout-Pout Fish on his underwater journey as he discovers the power of a positive attitude and spreads happiness to his fellow sea creatures. This book teaches lessons of friendship and self-acceptance.\n- Hello, World! Ocean Life by Jill McDonald: Introduce little ones to the wonders of ocean life with this colorful and interactive board book that features easy-to-understand facts about various marine animals.\n- The Snail and the Whale by Julia Donaldson: Embark on an exciting adventure with a tiny snail and a humpback whale as they travel across the ocean, encountering various creatures along the way. This book celebrates the beauty of the natural world and the power of friendship.\nStorybooks About Sea Creatures for Kindergarten Kids\nDive into the enchanting world of sea creatures with these engaging storybooks perfect for kindergarten kids. From colorful fish to curious seahorses, these books celebrate the beauty and diversity of marine life while imparting valuable lessons about friendship, self-acceptance, and the wonders of the ocean.\n- The Rainbow Fish by Marcus Pfister: Marcus Pfister's beloved classic tells the story of a beautiful fish who learns the value of sharing and friendship. This enchanting tale reminds children of the importance of kindness and generosity.\n- Mister Seahorse by Eric Carle: Join Mister Seahorse on his underwater journey as he meets other expectant fathers who care for their eggs and learn about the unique parenting roles of different sea creatures in this beautifully illustrated book.\n- Commotion in the Ocean by Giles Andreae: Discover the fascinating and playful world of ocean creatures through rhythmic verses and vibrant illustrations that capture the excitement and variety of life beneath the waves.\n- I'm the Biggest Thing in the Ocean! by Kevin Sherry: Follow a confident and boastful giant squid as it explores the ocean and encounters other creatures, eventually learning a valuable lesson about humility and the true meaning of being big.\n- Clumsy Crab by Ruth Galloway: Join Clumsy Crab on his adventurous journey to find a new shell and learn important lessons about perseverance, self-confidence, and embracing one's unique qualities.\n- Swimmy by Leo Lionni: Join Swimmy, a brave little fish with a unique perspective, as he leads a school of fish to outsmart a predator and find safety, teaching the importance of teamwork and courage.\nEducational Ocean Books for Elementary Schoolers\nDive deep into the fascinating world of the ocean with these educational books designed to captivate and inform elementary schoolers. From stunning visuals to engaging facts, these books provide a comprehensive exploration of ocean life, habitats, and the wonders of the underwater world.\n- National Geographic Little Kids First Big Book of the Ocean by Catherine D. Hughes: Discover the incredible diversity of marine life, from colorful fish to majestic whales, through stunning photographs and age-appropriate information in this engaging reference book.\n- The Sea Book by Charlotte Milner: Delve into the depths of the ocean as you learn about marine ecosystems, conservation, and the interconnectedness of life in this visually stunning book filled with captivating illustrations and facts.\n- Ocean: A Visual Encyclopedia by DK: Embark on an underwater journey with this comprehensive visual encyclopedia, featuring detailed profiles of marine creatures, underwater landscapes, and a wealth of information about the ocean's ecosystems.\n- Oceans: Dolphins, sharks, penguins, and more! by Johnna Rizzo: Explore the fascinating world of ocean creatures, from playful dolphins to fearsome sharks and adorable penguins, in this engaging book filled with captivating photographs and intriguing facts.\n- The Magic School Bus On The Ocean Floor by Joanna Cole: Join Ms. Frizzle and her class on a thrilling adventure to the ocean floor, where they explore underwater life, learn about oceanography, and experience the wonders of the deep sea in this beloved educational series.\n- Ultimate Oceanpedia: The Most Complete Ocean Reference Ever by Christina Wilsdon: Delve into the ultimate guide to the ocean, packed with in-depth information, stunning photographs, and captivating facts about marine life, ecosystems, conservation, and much more.\nOcean-Themed Activity and Coloring Books for Children\nDive into creativity and exploration with these engaging activity and coloring books inspired by the wonders of the ocean. Packed with coloring pages, stickers, mazes, and more, these books provide hours of fun and imaginative play for children.\n- Ocean Coloring Book for Kids by Happy Harper: Unleash your creativity and bring the ocean to life with this delightful coloring book featuring beautiful underwater scenes and marine creatures.\n- Super Sticker Activity: Ocean by Courtney Acampora: Dive into a world of stickers and activities with this exciting book that invites children to complete scenes, solve puzzles, and decorate underwater scenes with colorful stickers.\n- Ocean Animals Sticker Activity Book by National Geographic Kids: Explore the diversity of ocean animals through interactive sticker activities, including matching, counting, and creating scenes with the help of captivating stickers.\n- Ocean Life Coloring Book by Anthony J. Zullo: Dive into the world of coloring with this enchanting book filled with intricate illustrations of ocean creatures and underwater landscapes.\n- Under the Sea Scratch and Sketch: An Art Activity Book for Imaginative Artists of All Ages by Heather Zschock: Unleash your artistic talents with this unique scratch and sketch book that reveals colorful ocean scenes and encourages creativity and imagination.\n- Sea Life Mazes by Roger Moreau: Embark on exciting maze adventures through the depths of the ocean, helping sea creatures find their way, and challenging your problem-solving skills.\nIn this post, we've journeyed through a diverse collection of ocean-themed children's books. From interactive books for preschoolers that spark curiosity, storybooks for kindergarteners that narrate the tales of fascinating sea creatures, to educational books for elementary schoolers that provide in-depth knowledge, and engaging activity books that seamlessly blend learning and fun, there is something for every young ocean explorer.\nExposing children to the wonders of the ocean at an early age can leave a lasting impression. Knowledge about the sea and its diverse inhabitants can help shape their understanding of the natural world and foster a sense of responsibility towards it. These books don't just entertain; they educate and instill a love for marine life and the environment that can be carried through to adulthood.\nWhile this collection provides a good starting point, the exploration of the ocean's wonders shouldn't stop here. There are many more resources available that can further stimulate young minds and cultivate their interest in the marine world. Encourage children to keep exploring, keep questioning, and keep learning. After all, the value of lifelong learning is priceless, and fostering curiosity about our oceans is a step in the right direction.", "domain": "ocean_science"}
{"url": "http://www.montrosereview.co.uk/news/volunteers-needed-for-beach-clean-ups-1-3883053", "date": "2018-06-24T12:42:15Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-26/segments/1529267866937.79/warc/CC-MAIN-20180624121927-20180624141927-00265.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9391466975212097, "token_count": 358, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2018-26", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-26__0__171056595", "lang": "en", "text": "Scotland needs more cleaners - not for polishing and vacuuming, but for giving the county’s beaches a thorough tidy up!\nThe Marine Conservation Society (MCS) says a lack of local volunteers for its ‘Great British Beach Clean’ (September 18 to 21) around the Scottish coastline could mean the county’s beaches are being taken for granted and may result in tourists turning their backs on some of the most beautiful coastline in the UK.\nThe MCS beach clean event takes place every third weekend in September as part of the charity’s year round Beachwatch programme.\nLocally, they will be taking place at St Cyrus Sands and Johnshaven.\nVolunteers who get involved will be joining an army of beach cleaners not just around the UK, Channel Islands and Isle of Man, but all over the world as part of the global International Coastal Clean-up, which takes a snap shot of beach litter across the planet on a single weekend.\nThis year only a handful of volunteers have so far registered to clean up some of Scotland’s beaches.\nCharlotte Coombes, MCS beachwatch officer, said the lack of sign–ups along a coastline with so many beautiful beaches is “a real shame”.\nShe said: “All of our Great British Beach Clean events are organised by volunteers, and they need your help. We want to match last year’s figures and see at least 663 volunteers taking part.\n“It raises awareness of just how much of a problem marine litter is, and everyone goes home with a better understanding of how they can help. Plastics can last for hundreds of years in the sea, harming wildlife and threatening livelihoods.”", "domain": "ocean_science"}
{"url": "https://www.insidecdcr.ca.gov/2013/01/see-gallery-of-photos-of-marine-diving-program-at-cim/", "date": "2019-06-15T22:35:05Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-26/segments/1560627997501.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20190615222657-20190616004657-00162.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9550375938415527, "token_count": 378, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2019-26", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-26__0__89390365", "lang": "en", "text": "The California Prison Industry Authority (CALPIA) operates the Marine Technology Training Center (MTTC), an 11-month training program, providing training in diverse curriculum including diving physics, navigation, report writing, air systems, welding, seamanship, blueprint reading, diesel engines, and marine construction.\nThe training not only focuses on technical skills, but also instills a professional attitude of determination, perseverance, and courage. Together, these skills provide graduates with employment opportunities in commercial diving in areas such as underwater construction, dam repair and maintenance, welding, harbor diving, and offshore oil drilling.\nThe commercial diving program was initially established in 1970 at the California Institute for Men (CIM) in Chino, under the vision and guidance of the late Leonard Greenstone, former Vice Chair and Prison Industry Board Member, U.S. Navy salvage diver and successful commercial diving contractor.\nAlthough the graduates of this program consistently maintained a recidivism rate of less than 7 percent, the program was closed in 2003 due to budget constraints. However, on December 1, 2006, CALPIA re-established the commercial diving center at CIM as part of the renewed rehabilitation efforts of the California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation.\nThe technical skills learned at the MTTC are designed to ensure that nearly 100 percent of the program’s graduates secure jobs after release. The training modules also focus on helping the graduates in adjusting and developing proper attitude, initiative, and industrial skills.\nThe MTTC has a renowned history of not only educating and training offenders as commercial divers, but also providing the confidence needed to successfully transition into meaningful employment and avoid re-incarceration.\nThe MTTC has expanded from producing commercial divers to training offenders in other occupations in the marine industry, as well as preparing offenders to become productive members of society.\nPhotos by CDCR photographer Eric Owens", "domain": "ocean_science"}
{"url": "https://titangates.net/local-elected-leaders-renew-calls-for-ban-of-offshore-drilling/", "date": "2022-01-19T11:03:53Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-05/segments/1642320301309.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220119094810-20220119124810-00109.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9615394473075867, "token_count": 2925, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-05", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-05__0__22376967", "lang": "en", "text": "The Trump administration’s offshore drilling plan is a disaster for the environment and public health, but they’re not stopping. In response, local officials across the country are taking action to protect their citizens from this reckless policy.\nSANTA ANA, Calif. (CBSLA) — In the wake of the Huntington Beach oil disaster, Rep. Mike Levin, D-Dana Point, increased his demands for an offshore drilling moratorium on Monday.\n“Obviously, I’m worried about the safety of my people and the beaches,” Levin added. “In my opinion, all offshore drilling should be stopped, and current offshore drilling should be phased out.”\nREAD MORE: MacArthur Park Will Close Temporarily On October 15th\nLevin has proposed legislation to accomplish exactly that, and the Biden administration’s Build Back Better infrastructure plan has identical wording.\n“Our wording on page 984 would prohibit new drilling off the California coast and in other areas of the country,” Levin added.\nDuring the Trump administration, Levin met with former Interior Secretary David Bernhardt to discuss the problem.\n“What guarantee can you offer me that you would respect the vast majority of people along the Southern California coast?” I asked. Levin remarked. “This is a genuinely bipartisan agreement. Offshore drilling must be prohibited. However, he said, ‘I will not provide you with any guarantee.’ They were also actively trying to see if they could increase the quantity of drilling, as we all know.”\n(Photo courtesy of Anadolu Agency/Sefa Degirmenci via Getty Images)\nWhile the Biden administration supports attempts to relax restrictions on offshore drilling, Levin believes it must be codified into law. Offshore drilling, according to Levin, makes no sense in Southern California.\n“There’s no reason we should be drilling off the coast when tourism is so important to our economy,” Levin added. “Think about all the little companies that will be harmed as a result of our beaches being closed for weeks. Unfortunately, this will have a significant impact on our local economy.”\nSen. Alex Padilla, D-California, a member of the Senate Committee on Environment and Public Works, is one of his allies.\nIn a statement, Padilla said, “We’ve witnessed time and time again how devastating offshore oil spills are to our coastal ecosystems as well as our economy.” “This is another another avoidable environmental disaster that threatens to damage key marine and wetland ecosystems for years while also causing significant economic hardship for local people. My office is keeping a close eye on the containment and cleaning operations, and I will do all in my power to ensure Orange County gets the help it requires.”\n(Image courtesy of Mario Tama/Getty Images)\n“We have the ability to avoid future spills,” Padilla said. That is why I am determined to put a stop to offshore oil drilling. The message is clear as Congress develops new infrastructure and climate legislation to meet our country’s needs: we must move quickly to phase out hazardous fossil fuels. I encourage my colleagues to adopt the West Coast Ocean Protection Act as soon as possible to avoid yet another needless environmental disaster.”\nPadilla is a co-sponsor of the West Coast Ocean Protection Act, which would prohibit oil and gas development off California, Oregon, and Washington’s coastlines. Senator Dianne Feinstein, D-California, came out in support of stopping off-shore drilling as well.\nRep. Alan Lowenthal, D-Long Beach, heads the House Natural Resources Subcommittee on Energy and Mineral Resources, and has asked for a “multi-agency Biden administration inquiry” of the oil disaster. Lowenthal intends to conduct a hearing on the leak and the clean-up operation.\nIn a statement, Lowenthal stated, “It is vitally important that we identify the source of this leak and decide what measures Congress may take to avoid such accidents in the future.” “For far too long, the offshore drilling industry has concealed behind the bare minimum of safety regulations, putting profits ahead of public safety, public health, and environmental preservation. This needs to come to an end.”\n“Those responsible for this leak must be held accountable and forced to pay for the environmental catastrophes they have created – not US taxpayers,” Lowenthal added. The oil business often transfers the expense of cleaning up its mistakes to the public, whether during a catastrophe or just walking away. This, too, must come to an end.”\n(AFP/DAVID MCNEW/Getty Images) )\n“Offshore fossil fuel production in federal seas poses one of the greatest dangers to the people and our environment,” Lowenthal said, adding that it should be one of the first sources to be phased out. To avoid these recurrent ecological catastrophes, Congress must take immediate action, including adopting the West Coast Ocean Protection Act, which would permanently prohibit oil and gas drilling in federal seas off the coasts of California, Oregon, and Washington.”\nThe leak, according to Orange County Supervisor Lisa Bartlett, has “not just an effect on tourists, but also on marine life and water fowl.”\nSome business executives think that off-shore oil drilling can keep gas prices low, but she asked, “How do we balance environmental and economic interests?” I see all sides of the argument, therefore tough choices must be made.”\nConsumer Watchdog and the FracTracker Alliance released a statement on Monday urging Gov. Gavin Newsom to halt the issuance of oil licenses in state waterways.\nConsumer Watchdog’s Liza Tucker stated, “This latest disaster makes it obvious like never before that there is no such thing as safe proximity to oil drilling.” “If his own oil and gas supervisor refuses to establish a 2,500-foot barrier between vulnerable communities and oil activities, Gov. Newsom must cease granting both offshore and onshore licenses immediately.”\nA pipeline break certainly caused one of the biggest oil spills in recent Southern California history, which made its way to Huntington Beach on Sunday and Monday, killing fish, birds, and other coastal animals and forcing a shoreline closure and the cancellation of the Pacific Airshow’s third day.\n(Photo courtesy of Getty Images/Jeff Gritchen/MediaNews Group/Orange County Register)\nOn Saturday, 126,000 gallons of oil spilled from the offshore oil rig Elly, washing ashore in Orange County and into the coastal waterways, according to officials. Officials believe the spill was triggered by a pipeline rupture from a Beta Offshore plant approximately five miles off the coast.\nThe oil slick covered almost six miles from the Huntington Beach pier to the Balboa pier, and the beach between the Santa Ana River jetty and the Huntington Beach Pier was closed. Because of the possible health risks, health authorities advised people not to swim, surf, or exercise near the beach. The public was also advised not to fish in the region since the waters are poisonous.\nIn a press conference on Monday, a California Department of Fish and Wildlife official claimed that the agency’s crews had collected and treated four birds who were “oiled” as a result of the huge spill in Orange County, one of which, a brown pelican, had to be killed due to “chronic ailments.”\nREAD MORE: A Storm System Hits The Southland, Bringing Thunder, Lightning, and Rain\nTIMELINE: THE STORY OF THE HISTORIC ACCIDENT\nPHOTO GALLERY: A Massive Oil Spill in the OC Kills Wildlife and Closes Beaches\n“Oil has reached the shore here in Huntington Beach, and it seems like oil has entered the Talbert Marsh as well,” Carr added. Mayor Kim Carr of Huntington Beach called the situation a “possible ecologic catastrophe,” adding that part of the oil had made its way to the beach and was affecting the Talbert Marshlands and the Santa Ana River Trail.\nOn Sunday, oil started to wash ashore at Newport Beach, prompting authorities to urge visitors not to swim, despite the fact that the ocean had not yet been closed. Laguna Beach’s beaches were likewise closed to the public as of 9 p.m. Sunday.\n(Getty Images/Nick Ut)\nOn Sunday, fourteen vessels participated in oil recovery efforts. Three Coast Guard vessels maintained a 1,000-yard safety zone around the oil spill boats. For overflight inspections, four planes were sent. A total of 105 government employees were involved in the shoreside reaction.\nThe rig began to leak on Friday, according to lifeguards who said they smelt strong oil smells in the vicinity. As dead birds and fish covered in oil began to wash ashore, crews stayed on site overnight Sunday to help with the clean-up. So far, 3,150 gallons of oil have been collected from the sea, and 5,360 feet of boom has been deployed to keep the oil from spreading.\nOn Sunday, O.C. Supervisor Katrina Foley said the pipeline was still suspected of leaking.\nThe leak happened in federal waters at the Elly platform, which was constructed in 1980 to handle crude oil from two other platforms that were drawing from the Beta Field reservoir. Amplify Energy Corp., headquartered in Houston, is the parent company of Beta Offshore.\nElly is one of three platforms run by Beta Operating Co., which also runs Ellen and Eureka in the neighborhood. Elly is supplied by around 70 oil wells and processes oil from Ellen and Eureka. The platform isolates the oil from the water. According to the Interior Department’s Bureau of Ocean Energy Management, Elly is one of 23 oil and gas platforms constructed in federal waters off the coast of Southern California. Apart from Elly, a processing plant, there are 20 additional oil and gas production facilities, two of which are being decommissioned.\nREAD MORE: Oil Spill Closures in Huntington Beach\n(AFP/Getty Images/DAVID MCNEW) )\nAlthough authorities claimed animals had already been harmed, skimming equipment and booms were deployed to prevent oil from entering the Bolsa Chica Ecological Reserve and Huntington Beach Wetlands. Huntington Beach informed Foley on Sunday that the wildlife in the Talbert Wetlands had been “dramatically affected.”\nFoley said, “Wildlife is dying.” “It’s a really terrible situation. There have been reports of dead animals washing up on the shore in the Huntington Beach State Beach area, as well as species dying within the Marsh and wetlands.”\nThe Pacific Airshow’s last day was also canceled due to the leak on Sunday.\nThe airshow has been canceled, according to Foley. “Unfortunately, it is the case. I had planned to go, and I am unhappy, as are the 1.5 million other people who had planned to attend today, but we just cannot have the airshow, despite the fact that the organizers were extremely helpful. They understand how difficult it is to clean up with so many people.”\nHUNTINGTON BEACH OIL SPILL TIMELINE\n“This oil leak serves as a sad warning that offshore drilling poses a grave danger to our coast and wildlife,” said Miyoko Sakashita, head of the Center for Biological Diversity’s Oceans program. “I’ve been up up and personal with the old oil platforms off Huntington Beach, and I know it’s past time to decommission these time bombs. The oil industry continues to spill and leak into California’s coastal waters despite penalties and criminal charges because these firms just aren’t capable of functioning properly. The only answer is to put an end to this filthy business.”\nAt least one dirty ruddy duck was being treated by state wildlife authorities, and local animal rescue organizations were mobilizing to assist.\nDebbie McGuire, director of the Wetlands & Wildlife Center in Huntington Beach, told the Orange County Register, “We have all our gear out, which includes masks and goggles for our employees.” “We also have IV fluids on hand to keep the animals stable.” She claimed the spill on Sunday resulted in at least five birds arriving to the facility.\nIf required, the Pacific Marine Mammal Center in Laguna Beach made its personnel and facilities accessible.\nDue of the oil leak, Laguna Beach authorities closed all beaches in the city as of 9 p.m. Sunday.\nBecause currents were pushing south from Huntington Beach, Long Beach authorities stated their beaches and swimming areas were unaffected by the spill.\n(Getty Images/Nick Ut)\nThe leak was eerily similar to another ecological catastrophe that occurred decades ago. On Feb. 7, 1990, the American Trader oil tanker went over its anchor and pierced its hull, spewing an estimated 416,600 gallons of crude oil off the shore of Huntington Beach, killing an estimated 3,400 birds.\nAccording to the DFW, the Wetlands and Animals Care Center was created on March 31, 1998 at 21900 Pacific Coast Highway as a consequence of the spill to assist wounded and orphaned wildlife, including oil-soiled birds. According to the center’s website, a temporary hospital at that location treated birds wounded in the 1990 spill.\nHuntington Beach Oil Spill: OC Coastline Closed As Crews Work To Contain ‘Potential Ecological Disaster’ MORE NEWS: Huntington Beach Oil Spill: OC Coastline Closed As Crews Work To Contain ‘Potential Ecological Disaster’\nThe source of the leak is being looked into. In the interim, the public is encouraged to contact 1-877-823-6826 to report any wildlife that has been harmed. Visit the Surfrider Foundation and HB Wetlands & Wildlife websites if you want to help with cleaning or wildlife recovery efforts.", "domain": "ocean_science"}
{"url": "https://www.onestoppetshop.co.uk/plastic-waste-contaminating-tropical-island/", "date": "2021-12-06T12:17:36Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-49/segments/1637964363292.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20211206103243-20211206133243-00003.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9533798098564148, "token_count": 393, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-49", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-49__0__97180893", "lang": "en", "text": "Plastic Waste Contaminating Tropical IslandKeith\nPlastic Waste by the Tonne Contaminating Tropical Island Paradise\nHenderson Island is part of the Pitcairn group, it is covered by a staggering 18 tonnes of plastic – the highest density of anthropogenic debris recorded anywhere in the world.\nOne of the world’s most remote places, an uninhabited coral atoll, is also one of its most polluted.\nHenderson Island, a tiny place in the eastern South Pacific, has been found by marine scientists to have the highest density of anthropogenic debris recorded anywhere in the world, with 99.8% of the pollution consisting of this synthetic material.\nThere is nearly 18 tonnes of it piling up on an island that is otherwise mostly untouched by humans have been pointed to as evidence of the catastrophic extent of marine plastic pollution.\nAlmost 38 million pieces of plastic were estimated to be on the island by researchers from the University of Tasmania and the UK’s Royal Society for the Protection of Birds, totalling 17.6 tonnes.\nThe majority of the debris – about 68% – was not even visible, with up to 4,500 items per square metre buried to a depth of about 10cm. About 13,000 new items are washed up daily.\nThis plastic is old, brittle, sharp, and toxic. It is a bad site seeing the crabs scuttling about, living in our waste.\nAcross the board, no country is innocent on this – with bottles from Germany, containers from Canada, a fishing crate from New Zealand. What that says is we all have a responsibility in this, and we have to sit up and pay attention to that.\nAt the world oceans summit in early March, Indonesia agreed to put up to $1 billion a year towards reducing plastic and other waste products polluting its seas, setting a goal of a 70% reduction in marine waste within eight years.", "domain": "ocean_science"}
{"url": "http://dspace.nwu.ac.za/handle/10394/1865/browse?value=Gnathiidae&type=subject", "date": "2017-07-27T20:58:47Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-30/segments/1500549429485.0/warc/CC-MAIN-20170727202516-20170727222516-00095.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9063576459884644, "token_count": 173, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2017-30", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-30__0__206515132", "lang": "en", "text": "Browsing Research Output by Subject \"Gnathiidae\"\nNow showing items 1-3 of 3\n(Magnolia Press, 2012)A new species of gnathiid was collected in June-August 2008 and 2009 from various sites in the Eastern Caribbean. Third stage pranizae taken from fish hosts were maintained in fresh sea water until their moult into males ...\nGnathia masca sp. nov. (Crustacea, Isopoda, Gnathiidae) from Lizard Island, Great Barrier Reef, Australia (Magnolia Press, 2012)Gnathia masca sp. nov. is described from material collected off Coconut Beach, Lizard Island, Great Barrier Reef, Aus-tralia. Males are characterised by a cephalosome with a shallow dorsal sulcus that stretches half its ...", "domain": "ocean_science"}
{"url": "https://greekherald.com.au/community/events/kimon-koemtzopoulos-give-online-lecture-rare-mediterranean-monk-seal/", "date": "2022-08-12T21:48:24Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00391.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9149738550186157, "token_count": 344, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-33", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-33__0__22332175", "lang": "en", "text": "Marine biologist, Kimon Koemtzopoulos, will present an online lecture entitled ‘The Mediterranean monk seal, the rarest pinniped in the world,‘ on Thursday 21 October at 7pm, as part of the Greek History and Culture Seminars, offered by the Greek Community of Melbourne.\nThe Mediterranean monk seal, once abundant and widely distributed, is the rarest pinniped in the world today with no more than 800 individuals globally. Greece hosts over 50% of its remaining population in the last stronghold of the species in the Mediterranean.\nMOm/ Hellenic Society for the Study and Protection of the Mediterranean Monk Seal has been studying this enigmatic species for over 30 years. This presentation is a summary of knowledge gained on its biology and on results achieved in its conservation.\nKimon Koemtzopoulos is a marine biologist (MSc) specialising in marine mammals, specifically the dolphins of Greece and the Mediterranean Monk Seal.\nFor the past 5 years, Kimon has been working for MOm/ Hellenic Society for the Study and protection of the Mediterranean Monk Seal, a non-profit NGO established in 1988 active in marine conservation through the study and protection of the emblematic Mediterranean monk seal.\nThe lecture will be presented in English.\nHOW TO PARTICIPATE:\nThe event will be simulcasted YouTube Live, Facebook Live, and Twitter Broadcast. You don’t need an account to watch the live broadcast with any of the above services. However, if you want to participate in the Q&A at the end of the seminar you’ll need an account with the equivalent service in order to post your question in the comments / chat.", "domain": "ocean_science"}
{"url": "http://artlinds.com/index.php/tag/boomers-and-beyond/", "date": "2017-09-19T11:36:11Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-39/segments/1505818685129.23/warc/CC-MAIN-20170919112242-20170919132242-00578.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9285335540771484, "token_count": 431, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2017-39", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-39__0__147154759", "lang": "en", "text": "(NC) Despite space being the “final frontier,” our oceans are an even bigger mystery. We often hear that we know more about the surface of the moon or Mars than the ocean floor. In fact, 95 per cent of the world’s oceans are unexplored.\nOceana, an advocacy group focused on ocean conservation, has been conducting expeditions around the world for more than a decade, discovering marine habitats off the coasts of Europe, the Philippines, Chile and the United States. Now, it’s Canada’s turn.\nAlexandra Cousteau—filmmaker and granddaughter of world-renowned explorer Jacques-Yves Cousteau— joins Oceana Canada and leading Canadian scientists to explore never-before-seen areas of the sea floor in the Gulf of St. Lawrence. The expedition uses some of the most advanced tools in deep-sea exploration to document the incredible diversity of life.\nThis is the most in-depth visual exploration of the seafloor of the Gulf of St. Lawrence in Canada’s history. For the first time, anyone can take part through a 24-hour live broadcast – from a first-hand view of the seafloor, to daily life on a research vessel and scientists at work in the control room.\nAccording to Cousteau, it’s only through exploring our oceans that we can protect them.\n“This expedition continues a legacy that traces its roots back to my grandfather. The expedition team shares the passion that my family has had for generations and are using the latest technology to make research and ocean exploration a reality for all ocean enthusiasts.”\nThe Gulf of St. Lawrence and the Gulf of Maine are some of the most complex marine ecosystems in the world. They are rich in biodiversity, home to such species as cold-water coral, crusteans like lobster and groundfish like Atlantic cod. They also serve as important feeding grounds for species like endangered right whales and sea turtles.\nTo view behind-the-scenes expedition footage, visit oceana.ca/expeditions.", "domain": "ocean_science"}
{"url": "https://annacasparii.nl/the-wadden-sea/", "date": "2021-05-15T10:32:34Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-21/segments/1620243991801.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20210515100825-20210515130825-00031.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8997639417648315, "token_count": 250, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-21", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-21__0__50603781", "lang": "en", "text": "Wadden Sea is a world heritage site. The Wadden Sea is the largest tidal system in the world, where natural processes can take place undisturbed. The area extends along the coasts of Denmark, Germany and the Netherlands. Due to its unique geological and ecological values worldwide, the Wadden Sea is on the UNESCO World Heritage List. Nowhere else is there such a dynamic landscape with a multitude of habitats formed by wind and tides. Global biodiversity depends on the Wadden Sea.\nThe habitats of the Wadden Sea show in a fascinating way how physical forces and biological activities interact and thus create the conditions for living in a vulnerable environment. These habitats form a complex system across various environmental gradients, such as depth and salinity, altitude and drought, exposure to hydrodynamic factors and wind, and subsoil formed by organisms. All in all, this is an irreplaceable testimony to past and still ongoing dynamic adaptations of plants, animals and their coastal environments to global changes. Despite the vulnerability of the area, the productivity of biomass is one of the highest in the world and thus provides a large food supply for fish, seals and birds.\n(Bron: Waddenzee.nl| foto: Signumphoto)", "domain": "ocean_science"}
{"url": "https://www.chronicleonline.com/news/local/map-helps-shore-bound-anglers-find-fish/article_68854f62-af37-11eb-9145-d3fe2ff55974.html", "date": "2021-06-24T12:05:32Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-25/segments/1623488553635.87/warc/CC-MAIN-20210624110458-20210624140458-00432.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9397295117378235, "token_count": 378, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-25", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-25__0__58732417", "lang": "en", "text": "For those anglers not equipped with a boat but who still enjoy the thrill of fighting a fish, the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission (FWC) has recently developed a tool for shore-bound anglers to find hot spots to catch their favorite fish.\nThe Florida Fishing Pier Finder is a new, interactive map that assists anglers in finding fishing structures from which to fish. The finder can be found by accessing MyFWC.com/PierFinder.\nFWC Commissioner Gary Lester said of the new resource, “I am thrilled with the FWC’s new Florida Fishing Pier Finder. This innovative platform helps anglers find areas where they can enjoy the diverse fishing opportunities found here in Florida. Providing shore-based anglers with easy-to-use location information for fishing piers, bridges and jetties increases access options and possibilities for new and experienced anglers.”\nThose desiring to find a structure to fish from may search for a location by county, city, feature name and type of structure, such as a pier or bridge, according to FWC. Some of the fishable structures extend a few feet into the water, while others are larger and can extend 2,000 feet or more into the Gulf of Mexico or Atlantic Ocean.\nFWC says that while a majority of these structures are free to use, some fishing piers require a fee and almost all of those that require a fee have a pier license that allows resident and non-resident anglers to legally fish from those structures.\nThe pier finder was created through funding from the federal Sport Fish Restoration program. The program collects taxes from fishing equipment, motorboat fuel and fishing license purchases to fund projects that provide enhanced fishing opportunities, according to FWC. To learn more about the program, go to MyFWC.com/SFR.", "domain": "ocean_science"}
{"url": "https://oasislmf.org/oasis-information-library/speakers/dail-rowe", "date": "2023-12-04T07:23:52Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100525.55/warc/CC-MAIN-20231204052342-20231204082342-00111.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.970443844795227, "token_count": 173, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__153310286", "lang": "en", "text": "Dr. Rowe is responsible for leading a team of scientists focused on risk assessment and forecasting, and works closely with clients managing their exposure to meteorological risk. Dr. Rowe joined RenaissanceRe Risk Sciences’ predecessor organization as a senior research scientist in 1999 and has assumed positions of increasing responsibility since that time, including serving as an integral part of their atmospheric and oceanic research and development efforts. Dr. Rowe is a principal contributor to many initiatives including realtime weather prediction, evaluation and construction of risk assessment models, and research into climate influences on catastrophic weather.\nDr. Rowe has over 20 years experience as an oceanographer and meteorologist including several years on the research faculty at the University of Hawaii. Dr. Rowe holds a B.S. in Physics from Guilford College and a Ph.D. in Physical Oceanography from the University of Rhode Island.", "domain": "ocean_science"}
{"url": "https://polarconnection.org/polar-ice-sea-level/", "date": "2024-02-26T01:14:25Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947474649.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20240225234904-20240226024904-00103.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9392518997192383, "token_count": 1540, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__33775861", "lang": "en", "text": "Climate change represents an existential threat to humanity. The IPCC’s most optimistic future emissions projection, RCP2.6, models a further 0.3-1.7oC of global temperature rise by 2100. RCP8.5, an emissions projection based on a business as usual scenario, models a further 2.6-4.8oC temperature rise by 21001.\nGlobal mean sea level rise is often cited as one of the gravest potential impacts of climate change. The largest potential sea level rise is stored in the polar ice sheets. The Greenland ice sheet sequesters around 7m of sea level equivalent and 58m of sea level equivalent is stored in Antarctica2.\nRCP2.6 projects further global mean sea level rise of 0.26m-0.55m by 2100. RCP8.5 models rates of sea level rise approaching 16mm yr-1 by 2100, and total sea level rise approaching 1m3. Low lying cities such as Miami, New Orleans, Dhaka and Mumbai would be threatened by such magnitudes of sea level rise. In conjunction with heightened tropical cyclone frequency and magnitude4 sea level rise represents a genuine threat to human life.\nThe largest uncertainties in the IPCC’s future sea level rise projections arise from a lack of understanding of the dynamics and subsequent responses of the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets to a warming world5. Given this barrier, much academic rigour has been placed upon understanding the response of sea level to warming climates of the past. The rationale behind such research is that past warming events represent (approximate) analogues of the present-day Earth system – and that the response of the polar ice sheets (and hence sea levels) of the past is likely comparable to their response to contemporary warming.\nWhat are the limitations of such studies?\nThe Mid-Pliocene Warm Period (3.3-3.0 million years ago)\nOne such example of a time period commonly portrayed as analogous to the present day is the mid-Pliocene warm period. This period has been heavily studied because it represents the most recent period in Earth history during which atmospheric CO2 concentration was comparable to today (400ppm)6. Global mean surface temperature was approximately 2oC warmer as a result7. Ice sheet modelling from the period suggests there was widespread deglaciation of Greenland8, complete deglaciation of the West Antarctic ice sheet9 and minor deglaciation of the East Antarctic ice sheet10.\nSea level reconstructions from the period are collated using coral reefs and marine oxygen isotopes records. Coral reefs grow in shallow water and thus approximate the sea surface – hence coral reefs radiometrically dated from the mid-Pliocene warm period are used to reconstruct mid-Pliocene global mean sea level11. Variations in oxygen isotopes from benthic Foraminifera in marine sediment cores approximate global ice volume, and thus the eustatic component of sea level rise12.\nCoral reef reconstructions are associated with large uncertainties because corals do not grow at the absolute sea surface and because glacio-isostatic adjustment is poorly accounted for13. Oxygen isotope reconstructions are also associated with large uncertainties because oxygen isotope variations can be induced solely by temperature variations14. Because of these limitations, uncertainties in sea level reconstructions from the mid-Pliocene warm period are commonly of the same magnitude as the reconstructed sea level rise15.\nCoral reefs from the mid-Pliocene warm period suggest that global mean sea level was 10-30m higher than today16 and oxygen isotope records suggest that global mean sea level was 12-30m higher than today17. Despite the uncertainties attached to these estimates, it is widely accepted that mid-Pliocene sea levels were at least several metres higher than the present day, but likely no higher than 20m18.\nBecause of the uncertainties associated with such sea level reconstructions, calculation of an annual or decadal rate of sea level rise (which is relevant for present day anthropogenic climate change) has not been possible19. The total contributions of different polar ice sheets have been accurately modelled but the rates and mechanisms of decay of such ice sheets is largely unresolved.\nThe Last Glacial Termination (~20,000 years ago)\nAnother period widely cited as analogous to the present-day Earth system is the last glacial termination. This led to a 130m rise in global sea level over 13,000 years, largely due to the melting of the Eurasian, Laurentide and Cordilleran ice sheets20. Sea level from the period is better resolved than in the mid-Pliocene as glacio-isostatic effects have been significantly smaller over the last 20,000 years.\nBecause of the high-resolution sea level records available, rates of sea level rise from the period have been accurately resolved. The average rate of sea level rise during the last glacial termination was 13mm yr-1, but was as high as 40mm yr-1 during individual meltwater episodes21.\nBecause of the large uncertainties associated with past sea level reconstructions, rates of sea level rise can only be calculated for very recent events – such as the last glacial termination. Older reconstructions, such as those from the mid-Pliocene warm period, have such large uncertainties attached to them that their relevance to present day anthropogenic climate change is limited. Recent events, such as the last glacial termination, have much smaller errors associated with their reconstructions, and thus are more relevant as rates of sea level rise can be resolved.\nHowever, recent sea level reconstructions are also associated with caveats. Reconstructions of past sea level capture the equilibrium response of sea level to the climate system (the response of sea level to climate change after all aspects of the climate system – e.g. cryosphere, ocean, atmosphere, vegetation – have reached an equilibrated state). Because emissions reductions are likely to occur prior to 2050, the Earth system is highly unlikely to ever reach an equilibrated state in response to anthropogenic climate change. Such an equilibrium would likely take thousands of years to attain.\nBecause of this, and because the equilibrium response of sea level is irrelevant for short term mitigation and adaptation strategies, we seek to determine the transient response of components of the Earth system to climate change (e.g. if the temperature goes up by one degree in 20 years, how much will sea level rise).\nUnfortunately, periods where we have calculated the transient response of sea level to warming climates, such as the last glacial termination, are poor analogues for the present-day Earth system. The last glacial termination represents a period during which the Earth was undergoing fundamental transitions between a glacial and interglacial state. Such a transition is not akin to present day anthropogenic perturbations of the Earth system22.\nIn short, studies of periods of past sea level change are poorly resolved, and capture the equilibrium response of sea level to past warming; periods such as the last glacial termination and the mid-Pliocene warm period are also poor analogues of present day climate change. Studies that seek to quantify the transient response of individual components of the climate system (e.g. the Greenland or Antarctic ice sheets to mid-Pliocene warming) are vital in quantifying how such components respond under warming scenarios. However, citation of snapshot periods of past sea level rise as direct analogues for the present day is likely misguided.", "domain": "ocean_science"}
{"url": "https://skyrevolutions.co.uk/news/sky-revolutions-launch-new-hydrographic-survey-service/", "date": "2024-02-22T21:36:18Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947473824.45/warc/CC-MAIN-20240222193722-20240222223722-00504.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9120694994926453, "token_count": 267, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__153222704", "lang": "en", "text": "Sky Revolutions Launches New Hydrographic Survey Service\nWe make the inaccessible, accessible by offering great services making it easy and safe to survey at height and we can now survey underwater too!\nThis month, we are launching our new Hydrographic survey service using the latest in underwater surveying equipment to measure and identify physical features of streams, estuaries, rivers and lakes.\nOur portable echo sounder system is integrated with the latest measurement technologies and uses sonar to map the area below the surface. It accomplishes the same results as much more expensive survey systems and is fully portable so it can be deployed and transported to remote or inaccessible areas.\nBen Gorham said “An exciting part of my job is investigating new methods of data capture and our new Hydrographic service uses a hand portable, remote control survey boat platform, its wide profile avoids tipping and is totally watertight. We aim to find new and innovative ways to survey and this is a fantastic addition to our existing surveying services. Once we have the means to capture the data, our team of CAD technicians can process it and present the survey back in the format the client requires”.\nIf you are interested in finding out more about how we can help, give the Sky Revolutions office a call on 01778 560929.", "domain": "ocean_science"}
{"url": "http://politicshome.com/uk/story/30538/govt_drops_bas_merger.html", "date": "2013-12-09T20:26:39Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-48/segments/1386163997905/warc/CC-MAIN-20131204133317-00034-ip-10-33-133-15.ec2.internal.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9360026717185974, "token_count": 225, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2013-48", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2013-48__0__202652456", "lang": "en", "text": "Govt drops BAS merger\nThe Government has dropped plans to merge the British Antarctic Survey with the National Oceanography Centre.\nMaking the announcement, Science Minister David Willetts said that, having listened to responses to the public consultation on the proposed merger, the Natural Environment Research Council decided not to proceed.\nIn a Written Ministerial Statement today, Mr Willetts said:\n“The British Antarctic Survey is a national and international asset that delivers world-class environmental science, and this country’s strategic presence in Antarctica and the South Atlantic. The UK’s commitment to continuing this dual mission in the region is as strong as ever.\n“NERC has already committed to maintain the funding of the British Antarctic Survey at £42m a year for the rest of this spending review period.”\nOn Wednesday Mr Willetts said the merger was based on scientific grounds, telling MPs\n“There is a scientific judgment here, which was put forward in the consultation document, that, partly as a result of climate change, polar science and oceanographic science are converging.”", "domain": "ocean_science"}
{"url": "https://1newsjunkie.blogspot.com/2014/10/where-did-deepwater-horizon-oil-go-two.html", "date": "2023-09-30T19:28:07Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-40/segments/1695233510707.90/warc/CC-MAIN-20230930181852-20230930211852-00615.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.976895272731781, "token_count": 180, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-40", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-40__0__310996594", "lang": "en", "text": "Washington (AFP) - Around two million barrels of oil from the BP spill off the US Gulf Coast in 2010 are believed to have settled on the ocean floor, according to a study Monday.\nThe fate of two million of the nearly five million barrels that gushed into the open waters has remained a mystery until now, said the findings in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, a peer-reviewed US journal.\nResearchers analyzed samples collected at more than 500 locations around the Macondo Well, where the leaked oil emerged, and found it had spread widely, settling down like dirt in a bathtub.\nThe oil was found to have spread as far as 3,200 square kilometers (1,235 square miles) from the site, and may have gone even further, the report said.\"Our analysis suggests the oil initially was suspended in deep waters and then settled to the underlying sea floor,\"", "domain": "ocean_science"}
{"url": "http://oxfordhousejovenes.com/week-5-water-world-under-the-sea-with-jess/", "date": "2018-03-20T09:24:08Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-13/segments/1521257647327.52/warc/CC-MAIN-20180320091830-20180320111830-00127.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9718806147575378, "token_count": 349, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2018-13", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-13__0__203734828", "lang": "en", "text": "Welcome to Week 5: Under the Sea!\nToday we learned all about different sea creatures and a new song called a Sailor Went to Sea. We started to make our own sailor hats and a giant octopus for our classroom. We also completed a worksheet to find animals that live in the sea and those that don´t. We played steer the ship and gave each other directions like go, stop, turn left, turn right to avoid hitting an iceberg! Finally, we listened to our favorite song, Baby Shark!\nToday we reviewed all of the animals and the actions that we learned yesterday: a seahorse swims, a turtle hides, a blue whale blows water, a jellyfish stings, a shark bites and an octopus inks! We finished our sailor hats and practiced our new songs. We did an experiment with salt water and fresh water to see which items would float and which ones would sink. We also watched a funny video about a scuba diving bear and then made our own scuba gear, including goggles, a mask and flippers!\nToday we went to the aquarium! We saw loads of cool sea creatures, including turtles, fish, sharks, jellyfish, seahorses, sea cucumbers and more!\nToday we opened our scuba diving school and went for a swim to see some sea creatures! We saw a shark and had to swim away! We also watched a video about pirates and found some new words to practice around the school. We made mini vocabulary books and played some games to help us remember the words!\nToday we took everyone scuba diving in our presentations! We sang our song, Baby Shark, and did a fantastic job! Have a great summer everyone!!!", "domain": "ocean_science"}
{"url": "https://www.explorenature.org/event/eat-drink-learn-the-view-from-here/", "date": "2023-01-28T12:51:09Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-06/segments/1674764499634.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20230128121809-20230128151809-00010.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9370853900909424, "token_count": 484, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-06", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-06__0__104743090", "lang": "en", "text": "The View from Here: Observations on Climate Change, Habitat Loss, and other Challenges Facing Baltimore Checkerspots and other Maryland Butterflies\nAll seven species of sea turtles are classified as either threatened or endangered, and several of these species are common, seasonal visitors to the mid-Atlantic and New England coasts during months when water temperatures are above 68 F. The National Aquarium has been rehabilitating sick and injured sea turtles for thirty years, but surprisingly the conservation impact of this program reaches far beyond the waters of Maryland. The average sea turtle patient at the National Aquarium will travel more than 1,400 miles during rehabilitation – from stranding location to release location. You’ll learn more about the complex, and highly collaborative process to conserve critically endangered sea turtles.\nGuest Presenter: Jen Selfridge, Invertebrate Ecologist, Maryland DNR Wildlife & Heritage Service\nThursday, February 23rd\nJen Selfridge serves as the Invertebrate Ecologist for the Natural Heritage Program, Wildlife and Heritage Service, of the Maryland Department of Natural Resources (DNR). Originally from Brooklyn, New York, she started her career studying threatened and endangered shorebirds on New York State barrier beaches after receiving a Bachelor of Science Degree in Biology from the City University of New York – Brooklyn College. She later managed the Butterfly Conservatory at the American Museum of Natural History in New York City until moving to Syracuse to obtain her Master of Science Degree in Conservation Biology at the State University of New York – College of Environmental Science and Forestry. Upon completion of her degree, she moved to Montana where she surveyed mammals and birds in remote areas of the eastern part of the state. She moved to Maryland in 2005 and has served as the State’s Invertebrate Ecologist since that time.\nAt DNR, Jen oversees the state list of rare, threatened, and endangered invertebrates. In addition to inventory projects and rare species monitoring, she conducts research into the life history and habitat needs for often poorly known insect species. She plans and participates in management and restoration projects, including prescribed burns, mechanical clearing, and thinning projects, invasives species control and meadow enhancement. She believes that even the smallest creatures have fascinating stories to tell. She enjoys hiking in the mountains of the northeast and is an avid reader of fiction.", "domain": "ocean_science"}
{"url": "https://tw.noxinfluencer.com/youtube/channel/UCrFIk7g_riIm2G2Vi90pxDA", "date": "2021-12-08T12:13:54Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-49/segments/1637964363510.40/warc/CC-MAIN-20211208114112-20211208144112-00129.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9082914590835571, "token_count": 125, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-49", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-49__0__158972314", "lang": "en", "text": "Dr. Levi Cowan creates videos discussing tropical cyclones in the Atlantic Ocean, explaining potential scenarios for active storms and how they may impact people. Levi has a Ph.D. in meteorology from Florida State University. Please note that these updates do not reflect the official forecasts of the National Hurricane Center, and should not be interpreted as such. When tropical storms exist in the Atlantic or eastern Pacific, official NHC information can be found at www.hurricanes.gov. Please refer to the NHC when making decisions, and heed the advisories and evacuation statements of your local National Weather Service office and emergency management officials.", "domain": "ocean_science"}
{"url": "https://aster-fab.com/ocean-cleanup-a-new-wave-of-recycling/", "date": "2024-02-25T21:55:45Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947474643.29/warc/CC-MAIN-20240225203035-20240225233035-00821.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9408950805664062, "token_count": 1173, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__184423914", "lang": "en", "text": "1 topic, 2 key figures, 3 startups to draw inspiration from\nPlastic pollution in oceans is one of the most pressing environmental issues. The Great Pacific garbage patch alone is estimated to be 1.6 million square kilometers wide, three times the size of France, and contains about 1.8 trillion pieces of plastic, the equivalent of 250 bits for every human being. Once in the ocean, the sunlight, waves, and wind break the plastic into increasingly smaller pieces, ultimately reaching the size of microplastic (<5mm) which are then dispersed in the water. This affects all marine organisms since their small size makes them virtually impossible to collect once they have broken down. Some companies have decided to tackle the problem by collecting and upcycling these plastics in order to slow the growth of these garbage continents but NGOs remain the key players in the sector. As recycled plastics cannot financially compete with cheap new plastics, it is hard for startups to identify a clear business model.\nThe Ocean Cleanup is a non-profit organization based in the Netherlands that aims to remove 90% of floating ocean plastic. It harvests it by dragging a 3-meter deep, 800-meter long net between boats throughout the Pacific garbage patch. To make the capture as efficient as possible, they use computational modeling to predict where the highest concentration of plastic is. However, one of the problems with this technology is that the surface to be covered to retrieve plastics in the ocean is gigantic. Luckily, most plastic in the ocean arrives via rivers, which is easier to filter. Thus, they place barriers on rivers to guide floating plastic to solar-powered conveyor belts that carry it to dumpsters. As for River Cleaning, they place floating devices diagonally across the river to form a chain to a storage area on the riverbank. The river current makes the devices spin so that floating plastic is diverted from one device to the other to end up in the storage area. One highlight of this solution is that, as each floating device is anchored to the bottom of the river, they allow ships and boats to pass through and return to their position by themselves. Another innovative technology to filter plastics from rivers is provided by The Great Bubble Barrier, pumping compressed ambient air through perforated tubes at the bottom of the waterway to create a diagonal bubble curtain that will direct plastics to the storage area on the side of the river. The bubble curtain is also safe for fish and ships traffic and increases the oxygen concentration in the water, benefitting the aquatic ecosystem.\nThe main obstacle to these technologies is that sorting and recycling the different types of plastic is expensive, while the plastic itself is cheap. Some companies have focused on revalorizing the plastic in the ocean. Bureo partners with fishermen to retrieve discarded fishing nets, which represent more than 46% of the great pacific garbage patch and transform them into their NetPlus material that can then be used to make clothes, skateboards, sunglasses, or even board games. Oceanworks also provides materials such as resins, textiles, bottles, and more made from recycled plastics collected by local communities throughout the world. The retrieved plastics come either from the ocean, streams, and waterways or coastal areas. Oceanplastik, meanwhile, plans to create an ecosystem based on crypto tokens to reward the collection of plastic waste before it reaches the ocean. Their phone app would allow users to tag, collect and drop off plastic wastes at collection points and earn crypto tokens. The recovered plastics would then be sorted, washed, and recycled into granules to use in new plastic products.\nMajor industrials are interested in recycled plastic from the ocean, like Patagonia’s partnership with Burneo to use their recycled fishing net as fabric for their clothes. Last year, Coca Cola announced a partnership with The Ocean Cleanup to support the deployment of their solution on 15 new rivers by the end of the year. In 2020, the world’s largest zipper manufacturer YKK partnered with OceanWorks to produce an ocean-sourced collection of zippers.\nAs humanity has just crossed the 5th planetary limit on chemical pollution, in which plastic production plays a major role, recycling and collecting plastic waste is more important than ever. However, it goes without saying that limiting its production and use remains a mandatory step toward a sustainable future. Startups like Notpla and Sulapac are good examples of the role startups can play in avoiding single-use plastics in packaging and helping to keep our ocean clean.\n2 Key Figures\n37 Ocean cleaning initiatives\nRegistered by Tracxn\nBy 2040, a total of 600 metric tons of plastics could be accumulated in the seas\nCompared to 150 metric tons in 2015 – National Geographic\n3 startups to draw inspiration from\nThis week, we identified three startups that we can draw inspiration from: River Cleaning, The Great Bubble Barrier and Bureo.\nThe Italy-based startup River Cleaning produces and install cleaning system made up of a series of floating devices, positioned diagonally on the course of the river; thus positioned, they allow to intercept plastic waste and transport it to the river bank, in a special storage area.\nThe Great Bubble Barrier\nFounded in 2017 in the Netherlands, The Great Bubble Barrier developed a bubble barrier designed to stop plastic pollution in rivers and canals. Their barrier is comprised of bubble curtain, compressor, and catchment system, enabling users to collect and remove plastics from waterways.\nManufacturer of plastic goods designed to sell materials made from ocean waste, specifically from nylon fishing nets. Bureo produces and sells sustainable skateboards, sunglasses, t-shirts, and caps made from recycled fishing nets, enabling consumers to protect the environment around them, using innovation to inspire change and create tangible positive impacts.", "domain": "ocean_science"}
{"url": "https://theglobalgrid.org/tidal-wave-energy-is-it-ecologically-sustainable/", "date": "2021-10-18T21:08:24Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-43/segments/1634323585209.43/warc/CC-MAIN-20211018190451-20211018220451-00200.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9293088912963867, "token_count": 452, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-43", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-43__0__175947637", "lang": "en", "text": "Global energy demand continues to grow and tidal wave energy generation devices can provide a significant source of renewable energy. Technological developments in offshore engineering, and the rising cost of traditional energy, means that offshore energy resources will be economic in the next few years.\nTidal wave energy is a form of hydropower that converts the energy of tides into useful forms of power - mainly electricity. Although not yet widely used, tidal power has potential for future electricity generation. Tides are more predictable than wind energy and solar power, as there can be bigger variances in the amount and levels of sunlight and wind.\nThis is an image of the Carlingford Lough tidal wave scheme in County Down, Northern Ireland. As you can see the span of the turbines is vast.\nHowever these tidal barrages have the potential to cause significant ecological impacts, particularly on bird feeding areas, when they are constructed at coastal estuaries or bays. Offshore tidal stream energy and wave energy collectors offer the scope for developments at varying scales. They also have the potential to alter habitats.\nThe world needs sources of energy that have low carbon demands, and wet renewables represent a significant resource. All renewable energy systems impose changes to the environment which need to be balanced against the potential to deliver very significant quantities of low carbon energy. Barrages and tidal fences require coastal locations with particular environmental conditions which can prove a big setback in terms of gaining permission to develop them.\nShould the coastal landscape of Northern Ireland be at risk to support such developments as the tidal wave scheme?\nA \"fully developed” all-Ireland ocean energy sector could be worth about €9 billion and fuel the home and global market by 2030, says a report commissioned by the Government’s Sustainable Energy Authority of Ireland and Invest Northern Ireland. Currently the marine renewables industry is known to be frustrated by the lack of sufficient Government commitment to the sector, and fears that this could drive away interested international investors.\nDo you believe tidal wave energy represents a viable source of renewable energy? Do the potential negative impacts on the environment and landscape provide too big a barrier to overcome? Should governments be pushing this type of development?\nCredits: Photographs by Finbar Gillen. Data linked to sources.", "domain": "ocean_science"}
{"url": "https://perthmap.com.au/item/occotech/", "date": "2022-06-29T22:24:58Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-27/segments/1656103645173.39/warc/CC-MAIN-20220629211420-20220630001420-00472.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9339165687561035, "token_count": 157, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-27", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-27__0__281049496", "lang": "en", "text": "Since its incorporation in August 2004, Octopus Technologies has solely pursued the development and testing of its uniquely designed trigger pot. This dramatically increased the catch rate for octopus fishing whilst offering a substantially lower environmental impact than currently used pot and fishing methods, with the real possibility of creating sustainable octopus fisheries on a worldwide basis.\nThe trigger pot was designed to catch octopus and only octopus. No other sea creature has the strength or the curiosity to trigger the trap. After all our sea trials and over a year of fishing with the trigger pot in Western Australia, we had never caught another species except for octopus. The trigger pot is superior to all other octopus traps previously used in Western Australia for several reasons.TAGS : Fishing Perth , Octopus Fishing", "domain": "ocean_science"}
{"url": "https://www.planetek.it/node/4028", "date": "2024-04-16T11:02:18Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296817081.52/warc/CC-MAIN-20240416093441-20240416123441-00208.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8621041178703308, "token_count": 892, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__36899900", "lang": "en", "text": "Taking full advantage of the Copernicus Marine Service’s near-real-time capabilities and coverage, Planetek Italia has developed Rheticus® Marine, an innovative, high-performing, operational geoinformation service for monitoring coastal water quality.\nRheticus® Marine provides updated information daily, 10-daily, monthly and in user-specified time intervals, for all four water quality parameters: Chlorophyll-a, Sea Surface Temperature, Turbidity, and Water Transparency. User-specified intervals are produced on-demand; all other statistics are generated automatically.\nRheticus® Marine supports national and regional authorities in fulfilling environmental reporting obligations (e.g. Water Framework Directive, Marine Strategy Framework Directive) and private actors involved in marine resource exploitation activities. Near-real-time maps and statistics on parameters linked to eutrophication, such as chlorophyll, turbidity and transparency are provided both automatically and on-demand.\n- Environmental Reporting\n- Maritime Engineering\n- Fisheries & Aquaculture\nAll services are provided through a cloud-based platform and the information provided is the result of automatic processing of Copernicus Marine Service products.\nThe Rheticus® Marine service, generated with CMEMS' Copernicus data, is the result of the project \"User uptake activities Copernicus Marine Environment Service (CMEMS). Promoting demonstrations of CMEMS downstream services.\", which is coordinated by Mercator Ocean. In the framework of implementing and operating the Copernicus Marine Service, Mercator Ocean aims to keep delivering and maintaining a competitive and state-of-the-art European service responding to public and private intermediate user needs. Rheticus® Marine has been selected as one of the operational services to demonstrate Copernicus Marine Environment Service products in the Mediterranean sea (Lot 10 Med-Sea).\nRheticus® Marine is fuelled by streams of information from the Copernicus Marine Service.\nThe Copernicus Marine Service provides “streamlined” satellite data, processed to a high level (Level 3), which is partly what makes Rheticus® Marine so fast. Using raw satellite data (Level 1) would require far more computational power, storage and bandwidth. Copernicus Marine Service products are “sensor-agnostic” (independent of the specific satellite sensor data used in their production), and they have undergone rigorous quality and validation processes, providing clear information about the accuracy of the parameters measured.\nTaking full advantage of the Copernicus Marine Service’s near-real-time capabilities and coverage, Rheticus® Marine uses specialised regional algorithms to deliver a wider range of water quality parameters (e.g. turbidity and water transparency), which can be more easily compared with local data collected by regional authorities.\nRheticus® Marine makes use of the following products from the Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service:\n- Sea surface chlorophyll from multiple satellites\n- Sea surface temperature (high and ultra-high resolution) from multiple satellites\n- Remote sensing reflectance and attenuation coefficient at 490nm from multiple satellites\n- Near-real-time coastal water quality monitoring at 1km resolution: Rheticus® Marine ensures a steady flow of fresh data round the clock, allowing rapid responses to phenomena such as pollution events or algal blooms.\n- Easy visualization and mapping: Rheticus® Marine allows water quality parameters to be visualised through a user-friendly web interface which allows time travel and custom area selection, and is accessible from multiple devices.\n- Automatic cloud-based geo-information service platform: Rheticus® Marine is built on Rheticus® – a cloud-based data and services hub which automates complex processing chains to deliver services regularly, rapidly and reliably.\n- Maximum interoperability: Rheticus® Marine allows access to both internal and external resources (data sources, processing modules or external catalogues) and presents the results through a single access point.\nThe services provided by Rheticus® Marine and generated with Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service products are free to use.\nRheticus® Marine is an operational commercial service provided by Planetek and is built on Rheticus®, its a cloud-based data and services hub. For information about further services available and service subscription and pricing, please contact us.", "domain": "ocean_science"}
{"url": "https://eat-gluten-free.celiac.org/gf-products/clam-juice/", "date": "2023-12-10T23:51:56Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679102697.89/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210221943-20231211011943-00885.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9426169395446777, "token_count": 148, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__67141506", "lang": "en", "text": "Crown Prince Natural Clam Juice is now MSC certified! Our supplier in The Netherlands has practiced sustainable harvesting for years and is Marine Stewardship Council certified. The shellfish used for our MSC Clam Juice are from a hand raked fishery located in the Dutch North Sea region; fishermen harvest only 2.5% of the harvestable stock annually, assuring a healthy breeding population for years to come. Crown Prince is pleased to be able to add the MSC label to the growing list our products certified as sustainably harvested. Free of additives, our Clam Juice is an excellent addition to your pantry for soups, stews, sauces and stuffing. It is bottled in clear, recyclable glass.", "domain": "ocean_science"}
{"url": "https://www.supbearfoot.ca/skills/river/sturgeon/2-uncategorised/45-ocean-eco-sup-101", "date": "2020-07-06T09:47:52Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-29/segments/1593655890157.10/warc/CC-MAIN-20200706073443-20200706103443-00179.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.912248432636261, "token_count": 276, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-29", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-29__0__78182620", "lang": "en", "text": "\"Three days of SUP Touring, SUP Surfing and exploring coastal ecology! Whether you are new to the ocean or not, there's no better way to immerse yourself in Canada's spectacular West Coast!”\nAnd in turn, the combination of new skills and knowledge gives you the opportunity to discover more of, and connect with, the intertidal creatures, marine mammals and temperate rainforest that make up the amazing diversity of our coastal ecosystems!\nSo… whether venturing out onto the ocean for the first time, or seeking a more well-rounded foundation of skills, knowledge and experience, Ocean EcoSUP 101 is for you!\nIf you want to get out on the ocean to SUP Surf, SUP Tour, downwind paddle or explore our coastlines then YES - this is the course for you! If you have completed one of our Core SUP skills courses or equivalents, such as the Paddle Canada Advanced SUP Skills courses, then you are ready to head out with us on Ocean EcoSUP!\nPlease note that the course does not include personal clothing or gear, food, or travel – please see our Gear and Clothing tab.\nCourse Cancellation: It is rare that we cancel a session due to weather considerations however we will do so if, in our judgement, the conditions are dangerous or are likely to present a poor learning environment.", "domain": "ocean_science"}
{"url": "https://savageblog.wordpress.com/2006/05/03/major-earthquake-in-the-pacific/", "date": "2017-04-27T07:07:09Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-17/segments/1492917121893.62/warc/CC-MAIN-20170423031201-00548-ip-10-145-167-34.ec2.internal.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9693979024887085, "token_count": 203, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2017-17", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-17__0__232318509", "lang": "en", "text": "Major Earthquake in the Pacific\nMay 3, 2006\nI’ve got a running feed of earthquakes all over the world that are measured at 5.0 or greater on the Richter scale. Most days see five or six or fifteen relatively small quakes along well known faultlines, but this morning, less than an hour ago, there was a magnitude 8.0 earthquake in Tonga, islands east of Australia. It was a shallow earthquake (less than 20 km deep) and as of yet there are no reports of tsunamis generated by the quake, although the US Geological Survey does say that this type of earthquake is the type known to generate them. I’ll be watching to see what the fallout is from this, and I’m sure there’ll be several fairly large aftershocks as well.\nUPDATE: Here’s an article from Reuters World News Service about the quake. It did indeed generate a tsunami, but no reports of damage have been received.", "domain": "ocean_science"}
{"url": "https://medusa-online.com/en/improved-new-version-of-ms-1200/", "date": "2023-02-04T14:46:05Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-06/segments/1674764500140.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20230204142302-20230204172302-00381.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9102475047111511, "token_count": 464, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-06", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-06__0__149854809", "lang": "en", "text": "Medusa’s gamma spectrometers are used worldwide to map soil and sediments. Due to the rapidly growing demand for sediment mapping surveys, Medusa Radiometrics invests in making the underwater gamma-ray spectrometers more manageable and more efficient. The sensor will be made autonomous, and we will develop technology to allow the sensor to communicate wirelessly with the vessel. The European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) funds the research.\nAt Medusa Radiometrics we work continuously to improve the applicability of our sensors. Our ambition is to make gamma-ray sensors used for mapping soil and sediment composition more efficient, more accurate and easier to operate.\nUnderwater mapping of sediments\nThe underwater gamma-ray spectrometer is used to measure the composition and contamination of sediments. The sensor is towed behind a vessel, slides over the sediment and continuously measures changes in composition of sediment. The current system uses the towline for data communication. However, this set-up is prone to errors and requires special cables. To make the application of the sensor more common, we are developing technology to allow the sensor to communicate wirelessly.\nIn the project we will make the sensor autonomous and we develop technology to allow the sensor to communicate wirelessly with the ship. This will be done by using acoustic modems. These modems are speakers/microphones that can be used underwater to transmit data via sound waves. Normal wireless connections such as WiFi and Bluetooth will not work underwater because they are damped by the water, making these acoustic modems the only option for wireless underwater communication.\nThe challenge is that the bandwidth (the amount of data that can be sent per second) of those modems is a factor of 10,000 lower than our current system needs to function.\nWe will therefore make the sensor much more “independent”. For this we will bring all data-acquisition hardware, which is now on board the vessel, to the sensor so that the system requires much less interaction with the operator. In addition, we will expand the system with an internal battery.\nThe project is supported with funding from the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) from the European Union with SNN as the implementing agency.", "domain": "ocean_science"}
{"url": "https://hyfoilmarine.com/HYFOIL-Marine-Presents-14-Passenger-Commercial-28--and-a-22--Electric-Vessel-at-2021-Newport-International-Boat-Show-1-19644.html", "date": "2024-02-27T06:27:30Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947474671.63/warc/CC-MAIN-20240227053544-20240227083544-00261.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8923256397247314, "token_count": 241, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__65370880", "lang": "en", "text": "At the 2021 Newport International Boat Show, HYFOIL Marine showcased its latest innovation, a 28' hydrofoil-assisted catamaran designed for commercial tours. Equipped with 12 jockey seats and additional bow and rear seating, the catamaran promises comfort at touring speeds. This vessel highlights HYFOIL Marine's commitment to combining speed with sustainability and passenger comfort.\nIn a pioneering move towards eco-friendly marine technology, HYFOIL also introduced the first fully battery-powered HYFOIL 22', developed in partnership with a USA-based electric engine manufacturer. This launch marks a significant shift towards sustainable marine propulsion, offering a glimpse into the future of environmentally conscious boating.\nThe event underscored HYFOIL Marine's affiliations with leading sailing and maritime organizations, including Oakcliff, a training center for the US Sailing Team and other prestigious entities. These collaborations emphasize the integration of advanced marine technology with elite sailing performance.\nHYFOIL Marine's presentations at the Newport International Boat Show have set new standards in the marine industry, showcasing advancements in hydrofoil technology and electric propulsion. These innovations reflect a step forward in achieving faster, more efficient, and sustainable maritime transport.", "domain": "ocean_science"}
{"url": "https://www.innovations.co.nz/p/home/decorative-lighting/ttclk-time-and-tide-clock", "date": "2019-05-24T12:04:44Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-22/segments/1558232257605.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20190524104501-20190524130501-00307.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8747348785400391, "token_count": 121, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2019-22", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-22__0__214922959", "lang": "en", "text": "28cm diameter x 5.5cm depth, 1.2kg\n1 x AA battery required(not supplied)\nThe tide clock was specially designed for recognising the Moon’s motion around the Earth.\nThe clock is a normal clock on the outside, and on the inside, it keeps track of the tides, showing high tide, half tide falling, low tide, and half tide rising.\nThe bezel is made from solid brass, ensuring a lasting shine. The brass bezel and plantation pine combination makes for a stunning wall piece, and a perfect gift for every fisherman.", "domain": "ocean_science"}
{"url": "https://malakoffutilities.com.my/news_announce.php?newsid=32", "date": "2023-11-29T14:12:45Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100112.41/warc/CC-MAIN-20231129141108-20231129171108-00877.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8613919615745544, "token_count": 414, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__32565463", "lang": "en", "text": "Malakoff Coral Rehabilitation 2013\nWe are organising the 3rd Malakoff Coral Rehabilitation Project, in collaboration with the Department of Marine Park Malaysia (Jabatan Taman Laut). The event is sponsored by Malakoff and organised by Malakoff Utilities. This year, a total of 40 divers and 40 non-divers are expected to join the event, comprising of Malakoff staff and business associates.\nThe Project will be held at TAd Marine Resort, Pulau Tinggi, Johor from 21 – 23 June 2013.\nObjectives & Benefits:\n- To preserve the eco-system in Malaysia by sinking Artificial Reefs.\n- Team work between the corporate / private sector with the Department of Marine Park Malaysia in an effort to preserve the eco-system in Malaysia.\n- To preserve important ecosystems of endangered aquatic species.\n- Spreading awareness through educational programs to local residents, schools and universities about the importance of marine biology and habitat.\n- To promote marine conservation as part of MALAKOFF CSR program.\n- To increase community awareness and participation within MALAKOFF and partners in preserving marine biodiversity.\n- To promote MALAKOFF corporate image by being committed to environmental conservation, particularly marine parks.\nPlease email us at email@example.com for registration forms.\nLeny Safinaz Ismail at 03-2263 3203 or\nNurain Mohamed Kalam at 03-2263 3359.\n3 days 2 nights - Diver RM 1,200/person\n3 days 2 nights - Non-Diver RM 1,000/person\nParticipation is very limited, first come first served basis. Charges [inclusive food, accommodation, goodies, participation certificate and diving activities at TAd Marine Resort]: T&C applies.\nWe wish to thank for the support and sponsors of the following business associates.\n- Malakoff Corporation Berhad\n- Jabatan Taman Laut\n- Department of Environment", "domain": "ocean_science"}
{"url": "http://ownlabelproduct.co.uk/krill-oil-capsules.html", "date": "2017-08-16T19:17:45Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-34/segments/1502886102393.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20170816191044-20170816211044-00440.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8948922157287598, "token_count": 228, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2017-34", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-34__0__86615835", "lang": "en", "text": "Antarctic Krill oil capsules from Superba. Sourced from sustainable harvests.\nKrill oil is a pure and natural source of omega 3 oils. This also contains a powerful antioxidant called astaxanthin - not found in traditional fish oils.\nAntioxidants work within the body to neutralise free-radicals which are formed all the time. The astaxanthin in the krill oil makes it a powerful allie against free radicals damage..\nKrill oil also provides high levels of substances collectively known as phospholipids which are a fundamental component of human cell membranes.\nThis Krill Oil is sourced exclusively from sustainable fisheries in the Antarctic by Aker BioMarine who work with World Wildlife Foundation Norway to ensure sustainable krill harvesting.\nTypical values per capsule:\n- Antarctic Kril Oil - 500mg\n- Marine Phospholipids - 215mg\n- Astaxanthin - 50mcg\n- total Omega 3 fatty acids - 120mg\n- of which DHA - 32mg\nand EPA - 70mg\n- In a Marine Gelatin capsule shell", "domain": "ocean_science"}
{"url": "https://phase1.attract-eu.com/the-origins-of-plastic-pollution-at-sea/", "date": "2024-03-01T15:35:35Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947475311.93/warc/CC-MAIN-20240301125520-20240301155520-00136.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9244107007980347, "token_count": 487, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__95185497", "lang": "en", "text": "Tara Ocean Foundation launches the exploration of 10 European rivers\nWhere does plastic waste originate? How does it arrive in the Ocean? Where should we concentrate our efforts to stop the flow of this waste? What impacts do plastics have on marine biodiversity? Recent estimates find that 80% of plastic waste found at sea originates on land. The Tara Ocean Foundation and the European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL) have been involved in this research since 2010. Now it is urgent to explore and identify the flux of plastic waste from land to sea in order to stop it. The upcoming Mission Microplastics 2019 — with the CNRS in charge of scientific coordination — will take the schooner Tara through several regions in Europe for 6 months, exploring 10 major European rivers. The journey began on May 23, 2019 in Lorient (Morbihan), Tara’s home port.\nA new chapter of research about plastic at sea aboard Tara\nDuring several expeditions since 2010, the schooner collected microplastics (from 0.2 to < 5mm in diameter) in her nets. The evidence is clear: microplastics are ubiquitous throughout the oceans. In 2014 we focused on this pollution in the Mediterranean Sea. Then in 2017 we discovered an important zone of plastic accumulation in the Arctic Ocean, and in 2018 we identified the biodiversity associated with microplastics in the north Pacific vortex. Now Tara and her partners will identify the sources, predict their outcome, and assess the impact of plastics from the land to the sea.\nEMBL is Europe’s flagship laboratory for the life sciences. Established in 1974 as an intergovernmental organisation, EMBL is supported by over 20 member states. EMBL performs fundamental research in molecular biology, studying the story of life. The institute offers services to the scientific community; trains the next generation of scientists and strives to integrate the life sciences across Europe. EMBL is international, innovative and interdisciplinary. Its more than 1700 staff, from over 80 countries, operate across six sites in Barcelona (Spain), Grenoble (France), Hamburg (Germany), Heidelberg (Germany), Hinxton (UK) and Rome (Italy). EMBL scientists work in independent groups and conduct research and offer services in all areas of molecular biology. EMBL research drives the development of new technology and methods in the life sciences. The institute works to transfer this knowledge for the benefit of society.", "domain": "ocean_science"}
{"url": "https://senseofmisplaced.blogspot.com/2011/06/aquarium-of-pacific.html", "date": "2024-02-27T06:15:43Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947474671.63/warc/CC-MAIN-20240227053544-20240227083544-00113.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9451463222503662, "token_count": 699, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__103363777", "lang": "en", "text": "One of the many places I visited in southern California last month was the Aquarium of the Pacific in Long Beach. I was accompanied by Kim Moore who is a volunteer at this impressive facility. The aquarium is only thirteen years old (as of this June 20, 2011), and they just opened a new exhibit, “Arctic & Antarctic: Our Polar Regions in Peril.”\nLocated in the Long Beach Shoreline Rainbow Harbor Marina, the aquarium is flanked by restaurants and tour boats, with the Lions Lighthouse for Sight just around the corner (left of the above image). Kim and I took one of the harbor tours to break up the visit to the aquarium.\nThe first thing you encounter upon entering the aquarium is a life-size model of a female blue whale and her calf (hidden in this image), suspended from the ceiling. The adult fiberglass facsimile is “only” eighty-eight feet long, which it turns out is about average for the current population of this species. He name is “Edie,” and her male calf is “Edison.” The accuracy of these models is impressive, and one gets to truly appreciate the streamlined bodies of these leviathans.\nBeyond the whale is a two-story window on a tank called the “Blue Cavern,” in the Great Hall of the Pacific. This tall exhibit is an excellent introduction to the kelp forest habitats common along the southern California coast. In this case, the inspiration was Blue Cavern Point along the northeast edge of Santa Catalina Island. Among the denizens of the exhibit are some impressive California moray eels, Gymnothorax mordax.\nAdjacent to the Blue Cavern is the Amber Forest and other “galleries” depicting the marine life of southern California and the Baja peninsula. One small aquarium features a captivating colony of Garden Eels (Heteroconger sp.).\nThe indoor portion is just one facet of the whole complex. The aquarium also boasts outdoor exhibits that include shark and ray touch tanks where visitors can gently stroke harmless cartilaginous fishes like Bamboo Sharks and Bat Rays. Visible from both above the water and below are Sea Otters and California Sea Lions.\nYet another outdoor exhibit is the Lorikeet Forest, a 3,200 square foot aviary where visitors can feed these stunning birds. Five of the 32 subspecies of the Rainbow Lorikeet are on exhibit.\nNative to Australia, New Zealand, and islands in the South Pacific, lories are under pressure from the black market pet trade and from farmers who view the birds as pests in fruit orchards.\nBack indoors, the Tropical Pacific Gallery features fish and invertebrates from faraway places. A Northern Pacific Gallery holds animals (including birds like puffins and auklets) from the cold waters of British Columbia and Japan.\nIt is impossible to communicate in one blog entry all of the exhibits and entertainment opportunities afforded by the Aquarium of the Pacific. It is not a cheap attraction (admission is $24.95 for adults, $21.95 for seniors age 62 and over, and $12.95 for children 3-11), but well worth the price. You should plan on spending the whole day watching the birds, mammals, invertebrates and fish. Don’t be surprised if some of them watch you in return.", "domain": "ocean_science"}
{"url": "https://www.tmag.tas.gov.au/whats_on/newsselect/2020articles/tmag_scientists_collect_data_from_whale_stranding", "date": "2022-07-02T08:26:26Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-27/segments/1656103989282.58/warc/CC-MAIN-20220702071223-20220702101223-00162.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9579797983169556, "token_count": 656, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-27", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-27__0__135293879", "lang": "en", "text": "TMAG scientists collect data from whale stranding\nScientists from the Tasmanian Museum and Art Gallery (TMAG) have collected important data for future research, after spending last week on Tasmania’s West Coast working at the site of Australia’s largest mass whale stranding.\nAbout 460 long-finned pilot whales were discovered beached at Macquarie Harbour and Ocean Beach near Strahan, and while rescuers were able to save about 110 animals, at least 350 sadly died.\nBelinda Bauer and Kirrily Moore from TMAG’s Zoology team assessed and documented over 250 deceased whales over the course of stranding.\nThey undertook tissue sampling, measurements, sex determination and assessed the reproductive states of the dead whales at Betsy’s Bay and other locations.\nThe majority of the deceased animals were females; many of whom were lactating. 40 juvenile whales were also recorded.\nThis is not unusual in pilot whale pod structure where pods have close matrilineal relationships and adult females (mothers and grandmothers) tend to outnumber adult males. Of the 88 adult males sampled, the largest was just over 6 metres in length.\nOne bottlenose dolphin was also discovered deceased. This animal was a large female, over 3 metres long and heavily pregnant. Bottlenose dolphins and pilot whales are known to cohabit and forage together at sea and it is most likely that this animal died as part of the larger mass stranding.\nBelinda and Kirrily both described the scale of the event as overwhelming and working on site with many dead animals in remote locations battling inclement weather as tough going.\nThe stranding provided TMAG’s Zoology team with an important opportunity to capture as much data as possible regarding the species.\nThe tissue samples collected have been stored in ultra low-temperature freezers at TMAG’s Rosny Collections and Research facility. Cryopreservation of the tissues is best practice in preserving the DNA and they will be available to researchers from around the world who have already expressed interest in studying them.\nThe samples not only provide an important physical record of the stranding, but will also help researchers understand how the whales are related to each other and contribute to our knowledge of the species’ biology and behaviour.\nMaterial has also been collected to assess the internal injuries sustained by animals which may provide insights into the cause of the stranding.\n“While this is undoubtedly a tragic incident, our best hope is that the data and samples we collect will help provide insights into these incidents, and holding physical evidence of the event in long-term storage means that we can revisit and answer questions about whale strandings with technologies that may not even exist yet,” Belinda said.\nIf you would like to learn more about the whales found in Tasmanian waters, check out this Facebook Live Mystery Tour of the cetacean collection with Belinda.\nImage details: (top) Kirrily Moore recording details of whales at Ocean Beach, near Strahan.\n(middle) Belinda Bauer on the scene of the stranding at Ocean Beach.\n(below) Dead whales at Betsy’s Bay in Macquarie Harbour.", "domain": "ocean_science"}
{"url": "https://www.acadiaseniorcollege.org/events/FFTJan18", "date": "2018-10-23T17:55:02Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-43/segments/1539583516892.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20181023174507-20181023200007-00426.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9201454520225525, "token_count": 295, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2018-43", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-43__0__200198937", "lang": "en", "text": "Dan Dendanto: Whales and Gulf of Maine Ecology, Food for Thought\nJanuary 26, 2018\nLunch 11:30; Lecture noon-1:00\nBirch Bay Village Inn, Hulls Cove\nDan Dendanto will talk about an upcoming Allied Whale project: The foraging ecology of baleen whales in the face of changing climate in the Gulf of Maine. The presentation will provide a background and overview of a new Allied Whale, College of the Atlantic, research initiative to better understand the biological consequences of changing environments in the Gulf of Maine on large baleen whales that seasonally inhabit nearby waters off Mount Desert Island.\nDan is the creator of Whales and Nails. He has been cleaning, articulating and restoring whale skeletons professionally since 1993. He strives to create dynamic exhibits which convey more about the animals’ lives than their deaths. Dan’s knowledge of whale anatomy and extensive experience in the field contribute to his extraordinary ability to accurately display the remains of these magnificent creatures.\nDan is Director of the Fin Whale Catalog and a Senior Scientist at Allied Whale, and a Research Associate at College of the Atlantic, Bar Harbor. The research Dan has been involved in includes the genetics, life history, population, phylogenetics and culture of whales in the North Atlantic and Pacific Oceans.\nReservations for lunch and/or lecture: 288-9500, or firstname.lastname@example.org", "domain": "ocean_science"}
{"url": "https://www.fishkeeper.co.uk/databank/boxer-crab", "date": "2019-04-25T00:39:34Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-18/segments/1555578675477.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20190424234327-20190425020327-00170.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.928701639175415, "token_count": 988, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2019-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-18__0__184716267", "lang": "en", "text": "Boxer Crabs - also known as Pom Pom Crabs - hail from the warm, shallow coral reefs of the Indo-Pacific region. These fascinating crabs do not possess the broad chelae (claws) seen in the majority of decapods; instead, the chelae are slim with finger-like projections that are covered in small spines, and the crab utilises these to grasp a minute sea anemone in each chelae. The symbiotic anemones are usually either a Bunodeopsis species or Triactis producta. As the crab is unable to defend itself with formidable chelae, it instead moves around whilst holding its anemones out in front of itself. If a predator approaches, it will threaten the aggressor with the anemones, which are, of course, equipped with potent nematocysts (stinging cells). This behaviour is reminiscent of a boxer wearing gloves and sparring, or someone holding a pom pom in each hand, hence the common names. These crabs are also unable to use their chelae to feed themselves, so they rely on the anemones to capture small particles of food from the water column, and then take a proportion of this for themselves using their mobile maxillipeds. A pretty and intricate mosaic pattern adorns the carapace. Since its exoskeleton prohibits growth, the crab must periodically moult when this shell becomes too small, and at this time it will hide away more than usual whilst the new exoskeleton hardens. At this time, it will physically put the anemones down in a safe place, moult, and immediately pick them up again. Any lost appendages will grow back over the course of several moults. The aquarium must be mature and the crabs acclimatised very carefully. As they do not enjoy bright lighting, Boxer Crabs will require a good amount of rockwork in the aquarium that will provide them with plenty of small, shady nooks and crannies to rest and scavenge amongst. Multiple specimens may be kept together as long as there is adequate space and an abundance of hiding places amongst the rockwork so that the crabs are not in constant competition with one another for shelters. Try to ensure that the shelters have moderate current passing over them in order to aid their anemones in filtering particles of food out of the water. Boxer Crabs require small, peaceful tankmates and should never be housed with large, aggressive, carnivorous fishes. Indeed, they are best observed in smaller nano-style reef aquaria living with diminutive, passive companions only. We recommend that when you first introduce your Boxer Crab/s, you do so with the aquarium lights turned off, so that the crab/s have a chance to find a protected spot when the fish cannot get to them. Once the crab/s have found a suitable position, it is less likely that they will be preyed upon. *Never use copper-based treatments in the invertebrate aquarium.*\nMost nutrition is taken from the anemones, which are filter feeders. Offer plankton and other particulate matter, small meaty foods such as copepods, baby brineshrimp, vitamin-enriched brineshrimp, and finely shaved Mysis shrimp/prawns/cockle/mussel etc. Observe carefully and you may see the crabs using their anemones to 'mop up' food from the surrounding area.\nBoxer Crabs have spawned in the home aquarium, however, the resultant miniscule larvae are extremely sensitive and difficult to rear. These crabs are oviparous - the female broods the fertilised eggs on the underside of her body, where they will remain for around 2 weeks as a large orange/red mass. Just prior to the eggs hatching, the female will retreat into cover, only emerging to release the hatched larvae, which by now will have lost much of their bright colour. Release often happens in dim or dark conditions when the female feels safe enough to venture away from her preferred cave. Some aquarists have observed them climbing up on the rockwork to reach a higher area in the tank before releasing the larvae (which may number several hundred) into the water column, probably to aid in dispersal.\n|Sexual Dimorphism||Can be sexed by examining the underside of the crab. Females have a much wider, oval pleon, whereas male crabs have a narrow, tapering pleon.|\n|Maximum Size||2.5cm (1\")|\n|Water Parameters||SG: 1.020-1.025, pH: 8.1-8.4|\n|Temperature||Tropical: 23-27 deg C (73-81 deg F)|\n|Reef Aquarium Compatibility||Excellent|", "domain": "ocean_science"}
{"url": "http://www.you1236.com/doc_cTJSV0F2TlJlTVhuTGJHbk1qMktvQT09", "date": "2023-09-29T20:44:44Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-40/segments/1695233510528.86/warc/CC-MAIN-20230929190403-20230929220403-00575.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9021875858306885, "token_count": 243, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-40", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-40__0__49726507", "lang": "en", "text": "Segment 1: The article highlights five mysterious underwater discoveries that have puzzled scientists due to their unexplained nature. These discoveries range from strange structures to unidentified objects found deep beneath the ocean's surface.\nSegment 2: One of the unexplained underwater discoveries is the 'Yonaguni Monument' off the coast of Japan, a massive stone structure that some believe to be a man-made structure while others remain skeptical.\nSegment 3: Another mysterious finding is the 'Bimini Road' off the coast of the Bahamas, a long stretch of underwater rocks resembling a stone road, with debate over whether it is a natural formation or an ancient human construction.\nSegment 4: The 'Underwater Crop Circles' discovered off the coast of Japan have also baffled scientists. These intricate patterns, created by a small species of pufferfish, have no known purpose other than aesthetic appeal.\nSegment 5: Additional unexplained underwater discoveries include a 'Giant Stone Sphere' found in Bosnia and Herzegovina, which experts cannot determine the origin or purpose of, and an unidentified object known as the 'Baltic Sea Anomaly' discovered in the Baltic Sea, sparking speculation of extraterrestrial involvement.", "domain": "ocean_science"}
{"url": "https://kupocity.com/major-7-3-magnitude-earthquake-strikes-eastern-indonesia/", "date": "2021-09-18T04:37:57Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-39/segments/1631780056297.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20210918032926-20210918062926-00551.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9649494290351868, "token_count": 253, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-39", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-39__0__27184383", "lang": "en", "text": "A major 7.3 magnitude earthquake strikes eastern Indonesia off the remote Maluku islands on 14 Jul 2019, Sunday, sending panicked residents running into the streets but no tsunami warning was issued.\nAccording to the US Geological Survey, the earthquake struck about 165 km south-southwest of the town of Ternate in North Maluku province at 6:28 pm local time (0928 GMT) at a depth of 10km.\n“The earthquake was quite strong, sending residents to flee outside, they are panicking and many are now waiting on the roadside,” said the local disaster mitigation official named Mansur.\nOfficials were assessing the situation but there were no immediate reports of casualties, Mansur, he told AFP.\nThe province was also hit by a 6.9 magnitude tremor last week.\nIndonesia experiences frequent seismic and volcanic activity due to its position on the Pacific “Ring of Fire”, where tectonic plates collide.\nBack in 26 Dec 2004, the coast of Sumatra was struck by a devastating 9.1-9.3 magnitude earthquake that triggered a tsunami (also known as the Boxing Day Tsunami). The resulting tsunami killed an estimated 227,898 people in 14 countries.", "domain": "ocean_science"}
{"url": "https://renqlsysu.github.io/2018/11/09/ENSO_history/", "date": "2021-01-23T04:55:36Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-04/segments/1610703533863.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20210123032629-20210123062629-00178.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9619101285934448, "token_count": 572, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2021-04", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-04__0__173997302", "lang": "en", "text": "In fact, this is my presonal presentation in English class, which I think is important.\nRecently, I am reading the book——Climate Change and Climate Modeling. A chapter of this book introduces the history of ENSO studies which I think is interesting.\nAs we all know, ENSO is a climate phenomenon which includes the oceanic and atmospheric part. It can affect global climate, leading to harsh winter, drought, flood and hurricanes. Due to the great importance of ENSO, I think most people here have to consider its influence in your research. Learn the history of its studies may be useful for you to fully understand it.\nLong before climate scientists started to study ENSO, Peruvian fishermen knew how to read it in the water due to its influence on fisheries and other coastal phenomena. They named the warming that appears after Christmas in certain years as “El Niño” which means the child of Christ.\nIn 1923, Gilbert Walker published negative correlation of pressure in western and eastern Pacific Ocean when he was working in India on monsoon predictors. He later shows that this irregular oscillation is associated with changes in rainfall and winds. He names it the Southern Oscillation.\nThese pieces were developed independently until the 1969, when Jacob Bjerknes put them together and found: The Southern Oscillation and El Nino could be understood as two faces of the same phenomenon, soon known as the El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO). And he proposed the Bjerknes hypothesis to explain the development of EI Nino from the point of ocean-atmosphere interaction.\nNot long after Bjerknes’ work, this guy notices that an increase in sea level height in the western Pacific tends to precede El Niño and notes the potential role of oceanic dynamics in communicating this to the eastern pacific.\nAfter that, Oceanographers and atmospheric scientists gradually became aware that tropical regions have interesting dynamics that is very different from the typical midlatitude behavior that had been studied in traditional oceanography and meteorology, which led to the development in tropical oceanography and modeling.\nHowever, in 1982–83, the second biggest EI Nino of the century catches experts unawares. This EI Nino event led to widespread flooding across the southern United States, droughts in Indonesia and Australia. The estimated economic impact was over US$8 billion.\nAs a result of this, the Tropical Ocean–Global Atmosphere program is launched during 1985-1995 which established an advanced ocean observing system to support research and forecasting of ENSO cycles.\nThen, the ENSO theory and model are developed rapidly.\nIn 1997-98, when scientists successfully predict the biggest EI Nino of the century, El Niño becomes a household word.", "domain": "ocean_science"}
{"url": "https://www.maps.com/five-deeps-animated-map-explores-deepest-spot-in-each-ocean/", "date": "2024-04-24T15:15:08Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296819668.74/warc/CC-MAIN-20240424143432-20240424173432-00568.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9166573882102966, "token_count": 272, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2024-18", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__76264484", "lang": "en", "text": "This animated map from Esri uses some of the data humans have collected to map the deepest point in each ocean. At each stop, the map shifts to a 3D diorama of the seafloor at the deepest point. Factoids also appear, adding context about depth, date of discovery, and more.\nThe five deepest points are the following:\nMolloy Hole in the Arctic Ocean (5,550 meters deep)\nJava Trench in the Indian Ocean (7,192 meters deep)\nSouth Sandwich Trench in the Southern Ocean (7,434 meters deep)\nPuerto Rico Trench in the Atlantic Ocean (8,376 meters deep)\nMariana Trench in the Pacific Ocean (10,935 meters deep)\nOnly 27 people in recorded human history have ever visited the deepest point on our planet. By contrast, more than 600 people have been into space. Maps can help us explore and better understand remote places like Challenger Deep.\nEarth’s oceans play a key role in regulating the planet’s climate. But their capacity to absorb heat is not infinite. Mapping and understanding our oceans can help us better understand global climate patterns. It can provide important signals about climate change impacts. The more we know about the whole climate system on Earth, the better we can adapt.", "domain": "ocean_science"}
{"url": "https://blogs.nmc.edu/?p=95205", "date": "2023-03-30T11:22:00Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-14/segments/1679296949181.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20230330101355-20230330131355-00191.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9512252807617188, "token_count": 154, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-14", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-14__0__21936816", "lang": "en", "text": "This week’s Hawk Owl Helpers and Heroes are the faculty and staff in NMC’s Marine Technology program, who have deployed three research buoys so that they can collect data from different sections of Lake Michigan including East Bay that has not previously ever had any measurements taken.\nCollecting this data provides students with experiential learning opportunities, actively engaging them through relevant and ongoing experience, while doing the important work of monitoring the Great Lakes.\nNMC is the only school in the country that offers a Bachelor’s in Marine Technology, and graduates have a 100% employment rate in the marine industry.\nWho’s been a Hawk Owl Helper or Hero for you? Let us know at email@example.com!", "domain": "ocean_science"}
{"url": "http://www.atifanwer.xyz/blog/pubs/", "date": "2019-12-09T12:59:11Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-51/segments/1575540518882.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20191209121316-20191209145316-00337.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9247187972068787, "token_count": 955, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2019-51", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-51__0__83854060", "lang": "en", "text": "Commercial depth cameras have recently been tested to work underwater with trade off in measured depth distance but providing several advantages over conventional depth acquisition sensors such as Sonars and LiDARS. The biggest advantage is real-time 3D reconstruction and significantly better accuracy for small scale 3D scanning of submerged objects. Since traditional issues that are faced while using normal imaging cameras such as dependence on light and turbidity of water etc. are avoided, commercial depth cameras can open a new direction in small scale 3D scene reconstruction. This paper is an extension of our previous work in which we provided proof of concept that the Microsoft Kinect v2, which is a time of flight depth sensor, provides real-time 3D scanning in underwater environment, albeit at a shorter distance. However, the working of the time of flight sensor showed several issues in depth measurement in underwater environment. Preliminary results after correction of the measured distance are also provided in this work. Furthermore, the RGB and NIR cameras of Kinect v2 are not designed to perform underwater. To cater for the unwanted effects in the depth values, camera calibration has been performed on underwater images acquired from Kinect v2 and the results are elaborated. A fast, accurate and intuitive refraction correction method has been developed providing real-time correction to the created 3D mesh.\nCommercial time of flight depth camera such as the Kinect v2 have been shown to perform underwater for 3D scene reconstruction of underwater objects. However, to incorporate the additional noise and incorporating effect of refraction due to the change in the imaging medium, a customized user implementation of the underlying scene reconstruction algorithms with the additional developed filters needs to be developed. This paper presents the details and performance of such a graphical user interface developed for Kinect v2. The GUI is a customized implementation of the Kinect Fusion framework, and incorporates underwater camera calibration, noise filtering, time of flight correction and refraction correction filters developed to adapt Kinect Fusion for 3D scene reconstruction in an underwater environment. Details of the user interface and the effect of various sub-functions and additional correction filters on the performance of Kinect Fusion reconstruction are discussed in detail.\nOne of the major research directions in robotic vision focuses on calculating the real world size of objects in a scene using stereo imaging. This information can be used while decision making for robots, manipulator localization in the workspace, path planning and collision prevention, augmented reality, object classification in images and other areas that require object sizes as a feature. In this paper we present a novel approach to calculate real world object size using RGB-D image acquired from Microsoft Kinect™, as an alternative to stereo imaging based approaches. We introduce a dynamic resolution matrix that estimates the size of each pixel in an image in real world units. The main objective is to convert the size of\nobjects represented in the image in pixels; to real world units (such as feet, inches etc.).We verify our results using available OpenSource RGB-D datasets. The experimental results show that our approach provides accurate measurements.\nThis paper presents preliminary work to utilize a commercial time of flight depth camera for real-time 3D scene reconstruction of underwater objects. Typical RGB stereo camera imaging for 3D capturing suffers from blur and haziness due to turbidity of water in addition to critical dependence on light, either from natural or artificial sources. We propose a method for repurposing the low-cost Microsoft Kinect™ Time of Flight camera for underwater environment enabling dense depth data acquisition that can be processed in real time. Our motivation is the ease of use and low cost of the device for high quality real-time scene reconstruction as compared to multi view stereo cameras, albeit at a smaller range. Preliminary results of depth data acquisition and surface reconstruction in underwater environment are also presented. The novelty of our work is the utilization of the Kinect depth camera for real-time 3D mesh reconstruction and our main objective is to develop an economical and compact solution for underwater 3D mapping.\nThis paper presents preliminary results of using commercial time of flight depth camera for 3D scanning of underwater objects. Generating accurate and detailed 3D models of objects in underwater environment is a challenging task. This work presents experimental results of using Microsoft Kinect™ v2 depth camera for dense depth data acquisition underwater that gives reasonable 3D scanned data but with smaller scanning range. Motivations for this research are the user friendliness and low-cost of the device as compared to multi view stereo cameras or marine-hardened laser scanning solutions and equipment. Preliminary results of underwater point cloud generation and volumetric reconstruction are also presented. The novelty of this work is the utilization of the Kinect depth camera for real-time 3D mesh reconstruction and the main objective is to develop an economical and compact solution for underwater 3D scanning.", "domain": "ocean_science"}
{"url": "http://legaseaobx.org/blog/legaseas-comment-boem", "date": "2023-11-30T23:05:32Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100258.29/warc/CC-MAIN-20231130225634-20231201015634-00667.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9600107669830322, "token_count": 925, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__167877698", "lang": "en", "text": "The Image to the left superimposes the Exxon Valdez oil spill on the east coast of the US. The BP Horizon oil spill in April 2010 was more than 15 times larger than the Exxon Valdez oil spill.\nOur local Outer Banks economy will shoulder the risk of damages from drilling offshore while the financial benefits of drilling go to the oil companies who secure the leases. Royalties are also paid to the federal government from oil and gas revenues but are not distributed to the state or local economies. There are no rewards of any kind for local residents of coastal communities but it is the residents and local coastal communities that carry a full burden of the risks of offshore drilling.\nThe risks are significant and a spill would cost the Outer Banks hundreds of millions of dollars in tourism income, thousands of jobs, and damage fragile fisheries and fragile ecosystems. Damages would not only impact the Outer Banks but currents would likely carry oil and other pollutants upstream (Gulf Stream) and down stream (Labrador Current). It is common knowledge that gulf stream waters are in a dynamic interchange with beaches and estuaries.\nThe process of exploring for oil is damaging and the pollutants introduced from \"non-toxic oilfield waste\" is highly toxic and would have a devastating effect on one of the most biologically dense and bio-diverse areas of the world.\nThe powerful hurricanes that batter our coasts can destroy drilling platforms, underwater pipelines and coastal storage tanks, dumping millions of gallons of oil, as happened with Hurricane Katrina on Sept 1. As documented by SKY Truth the satellite imagery below show spills flowed unimpeded for several weeks after Hurricane Katrina. Similar activity in the Atlantic would add insult to injury by pouring oil on beaches in addition to the significant property damage that typically accompanies hurricanes.\nIt is common knowledge that very few local jobs are created through offshore drilling as workers are shipped in from other areas and support infrastructure would be flown in or serviced out of the Chesapeake Bay area.,\nAccording to the US Department of energy, less than 5% of the remaining oil and gas in the world exists in the U.S.\n26% of the world?s annual energy is consumed by the U.S. although we have only 5% of the population. More than 50% of the remaining oil and gas exists in deposits located in the Middle East. The US can not become energy independent by drilling for oil.\nOil Companies already have thousands of leases they are not developing. 80% of the nation?s undeveloped, economically recoverable Outer Continental Shelf (OCS) gas is located in the Central and Western Gulf of Mexico (Mineral Management Service 2004)\nBureau of Land Management (BLM) data indicates that the vast majority of federal lands currently under lease are not being developed. Drilling permit approvals on Western public lands by the BLM increased in 2004 to a record number of 6,052, while the number of new wells that were drilled declined by nearly 10 percent, to 2,702. There is no NEED to drill off North Carolina?s Coast. Oil and gas resources are available to the oil companies , but they are not developing the leases they have.\nIt is also understood that Oil Companies sell the resources in the most favorable markets which will not likely be the US markets.\nWe assert that drilling should not be considered off North Carolina. In 1990, after Congress passed the North Carolina Outer Banks Protection Act, prohibiting leasing and drilling on federal seabed offshore from North Carolina Mobile Oil abandoned their leases.\nIn the Outer Banks Protection Act Congress found in 1990 that: (1) the Outer Banks of North Carolina is an area of exceptional environmental fragility and beauty; (2) the annual economic benefits of commercial and recreational fishing activities to North Carolina, which could be adversely affected by oil or gas development offshore the State's coast, exceeds $1,000,000,000; (3) the major industry in coastal North Carolina is tourism, which is subject to potentially significant disruption by offshore oil or gas development;\nMobil was denied a permit to explore for oil or gas off the coast of North Carolina. We are also aware that Chevron abandoned their leases off North Carolina in 1998.\nDrilling in Hurricane & Storm plagued waters, has proven to be disastrous.\nNorth Carolina is being pressured to put its vibrant economy at risk when nothing is being done on a national scale to conserve resources.\nWe strongly oppose drilling in the waters off North Carolina or anywhere else off the east coast of the US.\nMichael McOwen, Past President of LegaSea", "domain": "ocean_science"}
{"url": "https://mczbase.mcz.harvard.edu/SpecimenUsage.cfm?action=search&publication_id=10437", "date": "2022-10-05T05:56:10Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-40/segments/1664030337537.25/warc/CC-MAIN-20221005042446-20221005072446-00527.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8400999903678894, "token_count": 149, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2022-40", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-40__0__190328430", "lang": "en", "text": "Publications (1 result)\nAgassiz, A. E., L. F. de Pourtales, and T. Lyman. 1878. Reports on the results of dredging, under the supervision of Alexander Agassiz, in the Gulf of Mexico, by the United States Coast Survey Steamer \"Blake,\" Lieutenant-Commander C.D. Sigsbee, U.S.N., Commanding. II. Report on the Echini by Alexander Agassiz, Crinoids and Corals by L.F. de Pourtales, and Ophiurans, by Theodore Lyman. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology 5(9):2–368.", "domain": "ocean_science"}
{"url": "https://www.scandeat.com/product/wild-salmon/", "date": "2023-12-09T05:50:40Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100800.25/warc/CC-MAIN-20231209040008-20231209070008-00558.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.977169930934906, "token_count": 229, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2023-50", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__169974448", "lang": "en", "text": "More than 90 percent of the wild salmon in the east-sea region is produced in the Gulf of Bothnia, where several large rivers flow. This is also where the salmon begins their migration to the southern Baltic Sea, to grow larger. After a couple of years, most of the salmon return to their native rivers to spawn and reproduce.\nSalmon have been fished along the coast of the Gulf of Bothnia since the Middle Ages and for centuries this has been a significant industry for the area. During the war years, large quantities of salmon were caught because fishing in the Baltic Sea was then non-existent.\nNowadays, the EU has restricted salmon fishing in the Gulf of Bothnia. This may only take place during certain times and is limited by an annual quota. The severe restrictions on sea fishing in the southern Baltic Sea have meant that the supply of salmon in the Gulf of Bothnia has increased significantly, which means that fishing is improving for the coastal fishermen. The large rivers have met the researchers’ requirements for migrating salmon and reproduction, which is why this part of the salmon fishery is conducted in a sustainable way.", "domain": "ocean_science"}
{"url": "https://www.o-cinema.org/climate-change-cinema/", "date": "2018-08-17T18:29:14Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-34/segments/1534221212768.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20180817182657-20180817202657-00668.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8869147300720215, "token_count": 292, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2018-34", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-34__0__93338211", "lang": "en", "text": "Climate Change Cinema explores pairings of current, classic, and cult films with lively introductions and conversations by notable figures from the world of science and technology around the topics of climate change and sea level rise. As our community is situated between the Everglades and the Atlantic, we seek to illuminate and explore scientific issues related to our environment that have a tangible impact on our lives.\nAug 9 at Venture Cafe/CIC Miami\nFor our launch event, we’re presenting the South Florida premiere of SAVING ATLANTIS, a documentary about one of the most consequential issues of our time: the dramatic decline of global coral reef ecosystems and the impact on human populations that depend on them\nA post-film roundtable discussion will be led by Stephanie Rosales, a research scientist with the University of Miami and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Association and include a panel of distinguished scientist from UM Rosenstiel School of Marine & Atmospheric Science and Oregon State University.\n*PLEASE NOTE – THIS EVENT IS HAPPENING AT THE VENTURE CAFÉ MIAMI (EVERGLADES ROOM at CIC Miami) @ 1951 NW 7th Ave. Miami, FL, 33136*\nFollowing the screening Dr. Stephanie Rosales will lead a roundtable discussion with Dr. Van Hooidonk, Nikki Traylor-Kownles and Ryan McMinds about climate change and its affect on our coral reefs.", "domain": "ocean_science"}
{"url": "http://cellulosomeplus.eu/en/page.cfm?id=92&title=centre-nationale-de-la-recherche-scientifique", "date": "2019-03-18T14:09:26Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-13/segments/1552912201329.40/warc/CC-MAIN-20190318132220-20190318154220-00287.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.9186604619026184, "token_count": 575, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2019-13", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-13__0__157503641", "lang": "en", "text": "The Marine Institute “Station Biologique de Roscoff”, located on the Brittany coast of the English Channel, is a research and training center in marine biology and oceanography, founded in 1872 by the Paris VI University Pierre and Marie Curie (UPMC) that also belongs to the national research center (CNRS). Its missions are both to promote research and education on the biology of marine organisms and ecosystems and to provide access, to staff and non-resident researchers, to the ecological and biological resources of the site. As a sea-front laboratory equipped with marine facilities and an integrative biology platform with dedicated staff, the SBR provides a unique scientific and technical environment for researchers, who wish to apply modern approaches to the study of marine organisms, notably micro- and macroalgae, invertebrates, and fish.\nDr. Mirjam Czjzek.\nResearch Director, CNRS.\nEducation: She is crystallographer by education and has discovered the world of CAZymes by working on crystal structures of cellulases and beta-glucosidases for several years in the group of Bernard Henrissat in Marseille, France. She has twenty years of experience in structural biology focusing on the structure/function relationship of polysaccharide degrading enzymes. She has actively participated to 5th and 6th FP European research projects EUROCELL and EDEN that aimed at understanding the synergistic enzymatic degradation of cellulose and hemicelluloses. In this context, she was involved in the elucidation of one of the first cellulase crystal structures and the first SAXS structures of mini-cellulosomes.\nInterests: In 2005 she moved to the Station Biologique de Roscoff (CNRS, Centre National de Recherche Scientifique), where her research program entitled ‘marine glycobiology’ currently focuses on the structures and functions of carbohydrate-active enzymes, including their CBMs, which are involved in marine algal cell wall polysaccharide depolymerization. Her group studies the identification and the characterization of enzymes involved in the degradation, modification and the biosynthesis of the cell wall polysaccharides of plant and marine macro-algae. One particular goal is to establish the molecular bases of the protein – polysaccharide interactions, combining biochemical approaches (expression and purification of recombinant polysaccharidases from heterologous systems, directed mutagenesis, enzymology, etc) with crystal structure methods, and to dissect the 3D architecture of full length enzymes and complexes by combining crystallography with SAXS.\nRole in CellulosomePlus: Characterization the atomic and supramolecular structure of candidate components by X-ray diffraction and SAXS (leader of WP 4).", "domain": "ocean_science"}
{"url": "http://biology.missouri.edu/people/?person=71", "date": "2020-02-19T12:55:04Z", "file_path": "s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-10/segments/1581875144150.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20200219122958-20200219152958-00311.warc.gz", "language_score": 0.8426039218902588, "token_count": 476, "dump": "CC-MAIN-2020-10", "global_id": "webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-10__0__74189833", "lang": "en", "text": "Associate Professor Emeritus of Biological Sciences\nPhD, 1966 Univ. of California - Los Angeles\n|Office:||5A Tucker Hall|\nSymbiosis and gene expression in an experimental system.\nResearch descriptionI study the biology of marine bacteria. These bacteria are microbes of merit because they produce commercially important enzymes; they are the source of next generation antibiotics; they are successful symbionts of eukaryotic hosts. Colonization of artificial surfaces by marine bacteria is not “meritorious” because the damage caused to the hulls of ships, for example, is highly expensive to repair! Despite their economic and ecological importance the genomes of marine bacteria have not been extensively studied.\nWe utilized standard RNAseq to investigate metabolic activities of Pseudoalteromonas strains. We are continuing to annotate the genomes of these marine bacteria using homology and gene context methods.\nPseudoalteromonads were first isolated from nature as symbionts of plants and animals. Although the subject of intense investigation symbiotic relationships are generally studied in well-established systems. When suspensions of Pseudoalteromonas piscicida and Zebra fish fibroblast cells are mixed in tissue culture the bacteria are taken up. We are using this model system to sample the population and isolate mRNA before and at various times after first contact. Bioinformatics and functional genomics are used to identify changes in gene expression as the association develops.\nGivan,S, Zhou,M-Y, Bromert,K, Bivens,N, Chapman, L.F. 2015. Genomes released to NCBI\n1. Pseudoalteromonas flavipulchra. Accession number JTDZ00000000\n2. Pseudoalteromonas distincta. Accession number JWIG00000000\n3. Pseudoalteromonas elyakovii Accession number JWIH 00000000\n4. Givan SA, Zhou M-Y, Bromert K, Bivens N, Chapman LF. 2015. Genome sequences of the Pseudoalteromonas strains ATCC BAA-314, ATCC 70018, and ATCC 70019．Genome Announc 3(3):e00390-15. doi:10.1128/genomeA.00390-15.", "domain": "ocean_science"}