Do you ever find it challenging to incorporate daily physical activity into your busy schedule? If so, you’re not alone. Many people struggle with creating a routine that prioritizes movement and exercise. In this article, we will explore practical tips and strategies that can help you design a daily routine that not only accommodates your commitments but also promotes regular physical activity. Say goodbye to excuses and hello to a healthier and more active lifestyle.
Benefits of Daily Physical Activity
Improved physical health
Engaging in daily physical activity offers numerous benefits for your physical health. It can help improve your cardiovascular health, strengthen your muscles and bones, and enhance your overall physical fitness. Regular exercise can also help lower blood pressure, reduce the risk of heart disease, and improve lung function. Additionally, physical activity supports weight management by burning calories and increasing metabolism. With improved physical health, you will have a stronger immune system and be better equipped to fight off illnesses and diseases.
Boost in mood and mental well-being
Daily physical activity not only benefits your body but also your mind. Engaging in exercise releases endorphins, which are chemicals that naturally improve your mood and reduce feelings of stress, anxiety, and depression. Regular exercise can also enhance cognitive function, memory, and concentration. By incorporating physical activity into your daily routine, you can experience a boost in your overall mental well-being and maintain a positive outlook on life.
Increased energy levels
When you engage in physical activity, your body releases energy-boosting hormones and increases blood flow to deliver oxygen and nutrients to your muscles. As a result, regular exercise can help combat feelings of fatigue and improve your overall energy levels. By incorporating daily physical activity into your routine, you can experience increased productivity throughout the day and better stamina to tackle daily tasks.
For those aiming to manage or lose weight, daily physical activity plays a crucial role. Regular exercise helps burn calories and fat, contributing to weight loss or maintenance. By incorporating a balanced combination of aerobic exercises, such as running or swimming, and strength training exercises, such as weightlifting or resistance training, you can effectively manage your weight and improve your body composition.
Reduced risk of chronic diseases
Daily physical activity has been shown to reduce the risk of chronic diseases such as heart disease, type 2 diabetes, and certain types of cancers. Regular exercise helps regulate blood sugar levels, improve insulin sensitivity, and reduce high blood pressure and cholesterol. By committing to a consistent daily physical activity routine, you can significantly reduce your risk of developing these chronic conditions and enjoy a healthier life.
Setting Goals for Daily Physical Activity
Identify your motivation
Before starting your daily physical activity routine, it is important to identify your motivation. Ask yourself why you want to engage in regular exercise and what goals you hope to achieve. Maybe you want to improve your overall fitness, lose weight, or simply feel more energized. Understanding your motivation will help you stay focused and committed to your goals.
Understand your fitness level
When setting goals for daily physical activity, it is essential to consider your current fitness level. Assess your strengths, weaknesses, and any physical limitations you may have. This will help you tailor your exercise routine to your abilities and gradually progress without risking injury.
Choose specific and realistic goals
Setting specific and realistic goals is key to staying motivated and seeing progress. Instead of aiming to “exercise more,” set specific goals like “run 5 kilometers three times a week” or “attend two yoga classes per week.” By making your goals measurable and attainable, you can track your progress and feel a sense of accomplishment.
Break down goals into manageable steps
To prevent overwhelming yourself, break down your goals into smaller, manageable steps. If your ultimate goal is to run a marathon, start by setting goals to increase your running distance gradually. For example, aim to run 1 kilometer without stopping, then gradually increase the distance over time. Breaking down your goals will make them more achievable and help you stay motivated.
Track progress and celebrate achievements
To stay motivated throughout your daily physical activity journey, track your progress and celebrate your achievements. Use a fitness tracker or journal to record your workouts, distances, or exercise durations. Seeing your progress on paper or through digital apps can serve as a reminder of how far you’ve come and help you stay focused on your goals.
Designing a Workout Schedule
Consider time availability and preferences
When designing a workout schedule, consider your time availability and personal preferences. Choose a time of the day that works best for you, whether it’s early morning, during lunch breaks, or in the evenings. Additionally, select activities that you enjoy to make your workouts more enjoyable and sustainable in the long term.
Include a variety of activities
Incorporating a variety of activities into your workout schedule can prevent boredom and work different muscle groups. Consider including activities such as running, swimming, cycling, weightlifting, yoga, or dance. Mixing up your routine will keep you engaged and excited about your workouts.
Balance aerobic and strength training exercises
A well-rounded workout schedule should include both aerobic exercises and strength training. Aerobic exercises, such as jogging or cycling, improve cardiovascular health and endurance. Strength training exercises, such as weightlifting or bodyweight exercises, help build muscle strength and increase metabolism. Strive for a balanced combination of both types of exercises to maximize the benefits of your workouts.
Allocate rest and recovery days
Rest and recovery are essential components of any workout schedule. Give your body time to recover and repair by incorporating rest days into your routine. Rest days allow your muscles to heal and prevent overuse injuries. Aim for at least one or two rest days per week to ensure optimal recovery.
Flexibility and stretching exercises
Don’t forget to include flexibility and stretching exercises in your workout schedule. Stretching helps improve joint range of motion, prevent muscle imbalances, and reduce the risk of injuries. Allocate time for stretching exercises after each workout session or consider incorporating activities like yoga or Pilates into your routine.
Making Physical Activity Part of Your Daily Routine
Identify opportunities for movement throughout the day
To make physical activity a part of your daily routine, identify opportunities for movement throughout the day. Take the stairs instead of the elevator, walk or cycle to nearby locations instead of driving, and incorporate short walks or stretching breaks into your work routine. These small changes can add up and contribute to your daily physical activity goals.
Take active breaks during sedentary activities
If you have a sedentary lifestyle due to work or other obligations, take active breaks to counteract long periods of sitting. Set a timer every hour to prompt you to stand up and move around. Perform simple exercises like squats, lunges, or even a quick dance session to get your body moving.
Get creative with household chores and errands
Household chores and errands provide opportunities for physical activity. Get creative by turning everyday tasks into mini-workouts. For example, increase your step count by briskly vacuuming the house, mowing the lawn, or gardening. Consider walking or cycling to nearby stores instead of driving for errands.
Establish a consistent exercise time
To make physical activity a part of your daily routine, establish a consistent exercise time. Find a time that works best for you and stick to it. It could be early in the morning before work, during your lunch break, or in the evenings. By making exercise a regular part of your schedule, it becomes a habit that is easier to maintain.
Find a workout buddy or join group classes
Finding a workout buddy or joining group classes can provide motivation and make physical activity more enjoyable. Partnering up with a friend or family member can help keep you accountable and provide social support. Alternatively, joining group classes like yoga, Zumba, or spinning can add a social aspect to your workouts and make exercising a fun and interactive experience.
Motivating Yourself for Daily Physical Activity
Set rewards and incentives
To stay motivated for daily physical activity, set rewards and incentives for yourself. For example, treat yourself to a massage or a new workout outfit once you achieve a milestone or consistently meet your exercise goals for a month. Having something to work towards can provide extra motivation and make your efforts feel more rewarding.
Find activities you enjoy
To ensure long-term commitment to daily physical activity, find activities that you genuinely enjoy. Experiment with different exercises and try various sports or fitness classes until you find what brings you joy. Whether it’s dancing, hiking, swimming, or playing a team sport, incorporating activities you love into your routine will make it easier to stay motivated.
Switch up workouts to avoid boredom
Boredom can be a major demotivator when it comes to daily physical activity. To avoid falling into a rut, regularly switch up your workouts. Try new exercises, explore different fitness classes, or vary your outdoor activities. The element of novelty will keep you engaged and excited about your workouts.
Track your progress and improvements
Tracking your progress and improvements can be highly motivating. Keep a record of your workouts, distances, or weights lifted to monitor how far you’ve come. Seeing tangible results can boost your confidence, provide a sense of accomplishment, and motivate you to keep striving for more.
Connect with a supportive community
Having a supportive community can make a significant difference in staying motivated for daily physical activity. Join online fitness communities, follow fitness influencers on social media, or participate in local fitness events or running groups. Surrounding yourself with like-minded individuals who share similar goals can provide encouragement, support, and inspiration.
Overcoming Obstacles and Excuses
Manage time efficiently
One of the most common obstacles to daily physical activity is time constraints. However, by managing time efficiently and prioritizing your health, you can overcome this obstacle. Schedule your workouts in advance and treat them as non-negotiable appointments. Look for time-saving strategies such as incorporating shorter, high-intensity workouts or breaking up your workouts into smaller sessions throughout the day.
Address lack of motivation or low energy
There may be days when you lack motivation or feel low on energy, making physical activity seem daunting. To address this, remind yourself of the benefits of exercise and how good you will feel afterward. Consider trying different workout styles or incorporating new activities to keep things exciting. If fatigue is an ongoing issue, evaluate your sleep patterns, nutrition, and overall stress levels to ensure you’re prioritizing your well-being.
Deal with weather limitations
Weather conditions can sometimes make it challenging to engage in outdoor physical activity. However, there are ways to work around weather limitations. Invest in suitable clothing and gear to protect yourself from adverse conditions. If it’s too hot or cold outside, consider indoor exercise alternatives such as home workouts, gym sessions, or fitness classes. Alternatively, explore indoor venues such as malls or community centers that offer walking tracks or indoor sports facilities.
Adjust routines during travel or busy periods
Traveling or busy periods in life can disrupt your daily physical activity routine. However, it’s important to be adaptable and find alternative ways to stay active during these times. Research fitness facilities at your travel destination or pack lightweight exercise equipment, such as resistance bands or jump ropes, to use in your hotel room. During busy periods, aim for shorter, more intense workouts or break up your physical activity throughout the day to make it more manageable.
Find adaptive strategies for physical limitations
Physical limitations or injuries may pose challenges to daily physical activity. However, with proper guidance and adaptive strategies, you can still maintain an active lifestyle. Consult with a healthcare professional or certified trainer who can provide modified exercises or techniques to accommodate your limitations. Engaging in activities such as swimming, water aerobics, or chair exercises can also be beneficial for individuals with specific physical challenges.
Incorporating Physical Activity in Different Settings
At home exercises and workouts
Incorporating physical activity at home is convenient, cost-effective, and suitable for any fitness level. You can engage in various exercises such as bodyweight workouts, yoga or Pilates sessions, and dance routines. Invest in basic home workout equipment such as dumbbells, resistance bands, or a stability ball to add variety and resistance to your routines.
Outdoor activities and sports
Outdoor activities and sports provide an opportunity to connect with nature, enjoy fresh air, and challenge your physical abilities. Engage in activities such as hiking, cycling, swimming, jogging, or team sports like soccer, basketball, or tennis. Outdoor activities can be tailored to your preferences and fitness level while providing a great way to add excitement and variety to your exercise routine.
Gym or fitness center routines
Gym or fitness center routines offer access to a wide range of equipment and resources to support your fitness goals. Take advantage of cardio machines like treadmills or ellipticals, weightlifting equipment, and group fitness classes. Working out at a gym can provide a motivating environment and access to specialized equipment or expert guidance from personal trainers.
Workplace wellness initiatives
Many workplaces now offer wellness initiatives to promote physical activity among employees. Take advantage of these initiatives by participating in lunchtime walks, standing or walking meetings, or joining workplace fitness challenges. If your workplace has a gym or exercise facilities, utilize those during breaks or before or after work. Incorporating physical activity into your work environment can boost productivity and create a healthier workplace culture.
Active transportation options
Utilizing active transportation options is an excellent way to incorporate physical activity into your daily routine. Consider walking, jogging, or cycling to work or nearby destinations instead of relying solely on motorized transportation. Not only will you be engaging in physical activity, but you will also be reducing your carbon footprint and promoting environmental sustainability.
Maintaining Consistency and Building Healthy Habits
Choose activities for long-term sustainability
When selecting physical activities for your daily routine, prioritize those that are sustainable in the long term. Find exercises or sports that you genuinely enjoy and can see yourself doing regularly. By choosing activities that are enjoyable, you are more likely to stick with them and make physical activity a lifelong habit.
Prioritize consistency over intensity
Consistency is key when it comes to maintaining a daily physical activity routine. It’s better to engage in moderate-intensity exercise regularly than to pursue sporadic high-intensity workouts. Prioritize consistency by finding a balance that works for your schedule and energy levels. This approach will help you develop healthy habits and make daily physical activity a natural part of your lifestyle.
Make physical activity a non-negotiable in your routine
To ensure that daily physical activity becomes a non-negotiable part of your routine, treat it as a priority. Schedule your workouts in advance and commit to them as you would any other important task or appointment. By making physical activity a non-negotiable in your routine, you reinforce its importance and create a habit that becomes easier to maintain.
Gradually increase intensity and duration
As you progress in your daily physical activity routine, gradually increase the intensity and duration of your workouts. Begin with lighter exercises and gradually challenge yourself with increased resistance, longer distances, or higher intensity intervals. The progressive overload principle ensures that your body continues to adapt and improve over time.
Create a support system and accountability
Building a support system and accountability mechanism can greatly enhance your consistency and motivation. Share your goals and progress with friends, family, or an online community. Consider finding a workout partner or hiring a fitness trainer for added support and guidance. Surrounding yourself with individuals who share similar goals or understand the importance of daily physical activity will help keep you accountable and motivated.
Staying Safe and Preventing Injuries
Warm-up and cool-down routines
Prior to any physical activity, it is crucial to warm up your muscles and prepare your body for exercise. Spend a few minutes engaging in dynamic stretches or light cardio exercises to increase blood circulation and flexibility. After your workout, incorporate a cool-down routine that includes static stretching to help your muscles recover and reduce the risk of post-exercise soreness.
Proper form and technique
Maintaining proper form and technique during exercise is essential for preventing injuries. If you are uncertain about the correct form, consult with a qualified fitness professional or enlist the help of a personal trainer. Knowing how to perform exercises correctly will help you target the correct muscle groups, avoid unnecessary strain, and reduce the risk of accidents or injuries.
Listen to your body and avoid overtraining
Listening to your body’s signals is crucial for staying safe and preventing overtraining. Pay attention to signs of fatigue, pain, or discomfort during or after exercise. Rest when needed, and never push yourself to the point of exhaustion or injury. Remember that recovery is an integral part of any exercise routine, so allow your body to rest and rebuild to avoid overuse injuries.
Use appropriate safety equipment
When engaging in certain activities or sports, it is important to use appropriate safety equipment. This may include items such as helmets, knee pads, wrist guards, or proper footwear. Using the right safety equipment can provide added protection and reduce the risk of injuries, particularly during higher-impact or contact sports.
Stay hydrated and nourished
Proper hydration and nutrition play a vital role in maintaining safety and preventing injuries during physical activity. Drink water before, during, and after your workouts to stay adequately hydrated. Fuel your body with a balanced diet consisting of carbohydrates, proteins, and healthy fats to provide the energy and nutrients required for optimal performance. Consulting with a registered dietitian can help you tailor your nutrition to support your exercise routine.
Adjusting Routines for Different Life Stages
Daily physical activity during childhood and adolescence
Physical activity is essential for the growth and development of children and adolescents. Encourage daily physical activity by providing opportunities for play, engaging in sports teams or clubs, or participating in physical education classes. Aim for a mix of aerobic exercises, strength training, and activities that promote flexibility and balance. Adapt the intensity and type of exercises to suit the child’s age, abilities, and safety considerations.
Promoting physical activity in adulthood
As an adult, promoting physical activity involves finding effective ways to incorporate exercise into your daily routine. Set aside dedicated time for workouts, engage in recreational sports or activities, or join fitness classes or clubs that align with your interests. Prioritize activities that cater to your health goals while considering any physical limitations or conditions you may have. Remember to include a variety of exercises to maintain a well-rounded fitness routine.
Maintaining an active lifestyle as a senior
Daily physical activity is important for seniors to maintain strength, flexibility, and overall well-being. Engage in exercises that improve balance, mobility, and muscular strength, such as walking, swimming, tai chi, or gentle yoga. Prioritize safety by choosing low-impact or modified exercises, listening to your body, and seeking professional guidance when needed. Consult with a healthcare professional to create an exercise routine that aligns with your specific needs and limitations, and always warm up properly to prevent injuries.
Prenatal and postnatal exercise considerations
During pregnancy, physical activity can provide numerous benefits but requires special considerations. Consult with a healthcare professional to ensure that exercise during pregnancy is safe and appropriate for you. Engage in low-impact activities like walking, swimming, or prenatal yoga, avoiding high-impact or contact sports. Postpartum, gradually reintroduce exercise with a focus on rebuilding core strength and overall fitness. Listen to your body, adapt exercises as needed, and seek guidance from professionals familiar with prenatal and postnatal exercise.
Adapting routines for individuals with special needs
Physical activity is beneficial for individuals with special needs, but it may require adaptations to meet their specific requirements. Consult with healthcare professionals or therapists who specialize in working with individuals with special needs. They can provide guidance on suitable exercises or activities that promote strength, mobility, and overall well-being. Consider adaptive sports programs, aquatic therapy, or modified exercise routines that cater to specific needs and abilities.
In conclusion, creating a daily routine that promotes daily physical activity requires planning, motivation, and a commitment to your well-being. By understanding the benefits of physical activity, setting realistic goals, designing a workout schedule, making physical activity part of your daily routine, and addressing obstacles, you can establish healthy habits that lead to a more active and fulfilling life. Remember to prioritize safety, adapt routines to different life stages, and seek professional guidance when needed. With dedication and consistency, daily physical activity can become an enjoyable and integral part of your lifestyle.


Life is a constant struggling and challenging but beautiful and meaningful! This blogger is a diary related to my living, my study, my views while I am away from home. Please enjoy it and make comments. From November 2010, the site will be used as a forum to share views with friends and colleagues related to public health and issues found interesting in Cambodia
- Name: Sopheab
- Location: Phnom Penh, Cambodia
Interest in health research and evaluation particularly in the field of HIV related risk behavior, prevention, care and treatment. Also, a faculty member, School of Public Health, National Institute of Public Health, Cambodia Contact me at email@example.com
Friday, March 29, 2013
Saturday, February 02, 2013
Thursday, October 11, 2012
Monday, December 06, 2010
WHO 6 buidling blocks of health system
They are the followings:
• A good health service delivery with quality and effectiveness
• A well-performing health workforce (sufficient numbers and mix of staff, fairly distributed, competent, responsive and productive)
• A well-functioning health information
• A well-functioning health system to ensures equitable access to essential medical products, vaccines and technologies with quality
• A good health systems financing (for pro poor)
• Governance and leadership ensuring strategic policy frameworks existed and paying attention to system-design, and accountability.
Saturday, November 27, 2010
My first book published by Lambert academic publishing
Cambodia is one of the few countries in the world to achieve the MDG in reversing the spread of HIV, with the prevalence falling from 3% in 1998 to 0.7% in 2008. The decline indicates a high commitment from government and civil society in the fight against HIV. The book highlights the success in multiple interventions and challenges facing over the course of the epidemic. The work is based on different studies conducted over the course of preventive interventions from 2002 to 2005 to investigate the epidemiological context of the epidemic, and how this is related to changes in risk behaviours in the general population and in sub-groups of the population. Results from this work suggest an optimistic future in HIV control and prevention in Cambodia. However, challenges do remain, including the reliable quality of HIV/STI service deliveries, the sustainability of preventive programmes, and the dependency of heavily external funding supports. This book should be useful for students and professionals in public health especially for program planners and researchers, or anyone who may be interested in the development of HIV prevention and control in developing countries.
About the Author
received his MD degree in Cambodia (1994), MPH degree (2001) from the University of Washington, USA, and PhD degree (2009) from the Centre for International Health, University of Bergen, Norway. Currently, he is a Director of Strategic Information Department of Khmer HIV/AIDS NGO Alliance (KHANA) in Cambodia.
Sunday, November 21, 2010
Sharing an experience in writing a peer reviewed paper
Keep in mind that you should feel free to write down whatever you can think of if you do not have any ideas to start with. References must be cited properly. My suggestion is to read few similar published papers to get ideas how other authors structured their papers. The research paper usually goes through several drafts before it is finalized. From my experience, revising a manuscript more than 10 to 15 times with your supervisor and co-authors is common before it is finally submitted to the intended journal.
1. Penerger TV, Hudelson PM. Writing a research article: advice to beginners. Intl J Qual Health Care 2004; 16:191-192
*Next time I will post some useful resources for academic writing. I hope you will find it useful. Please share your ideas and comments.


Strep A Antigen Rapid Detection Kit
The Strep A Rapid Test (Throat Swab) is a rapid chromatographic immunoassay for the qualitative detection of Strep A antigen from throat swab specimens to aid in the diagnosis of Group A Streptococcal infection.
Streptococcus pyogenes is non-motile gram-positive cocci, which contains the Lancefield group A antigen that can cause serious infections such as pharyngitis, respiratory infection, impetigo, endocarditis, meningitis, puerperal sepsis, and arthritis. Left untreated these infections can lead to serious complications, including rheumatic fever and peritonsillar abscess. Traditional identification procedures for Group A streptococci infection involve the isolation and identification of viable organisms using techniques that requires 24 to 48 hours or longer. The Strep A Rapid Test is a rapid test to qualitatively detect the presence of Strep A antigen in throat swab specimens, providing results at 5 min. The test utilizes antibodies specific for whole cell Lancefield Group A Streptococcus to selectively detect Strep A antigen in a throat swab specimen.
Murray, P.R., el Al. Manuel of Clinical Microbiology, 6th Edition, ASM Press, Washington DC.p.299-307.
Webb, KH. Does Culture Confirmation of High sensitivity Rapid Streptococcal Test Make sense? A medical Decision Analysis. Pediatrics (Feb 1998),101:2,2.


CBD and Drug Interactions: An Easy Guide
** IMPORTANT: CBD AND DRUG INTERACTIONS ARE NOT A JOKE. IF YOU WANT TO START TAKING CBD AND ARE ALREADY TAKING OTHER MEDICATIONS, PLEASE CHECK WITH YOUR DOCTOR FIRST! **
CBD Drug Interactions
While CBD is safe to use, it can potentially mess with other medications you may be taking.
This quick guide should be all you need to safely use CBD even if you have other medications you need to take.
Can CBD interact with other drugs?
Yes. The way that CBD is metabolized by your body can interfere with how your body normally metabolizes other drugs you take. If those other drugs aren’t metabolized properly, they can hang around and stay in your system longer than you want. This can cause negative side effects and complications.
One kind of drug you should pay special attention to is a blood thinner like warfarin. Taking CBD with warfarin can make the warfarin stay in your system for too long without being broken down.
CBD drug interactions aren’t always bad. They can actually be a good thing. CBD can make other drugs more effective, so much so that you can reduce the dosage of those other drugs and thus have less negative side effects to deal with.
The Grapefruit Test is all you need
Thank you to Martin Lee of Project CBD for inspiring the Grapefruit Test. If you haven’t been to Project CBD yet, make sure to check it out. They are running a great site with lots of useful information about cannabis medicine.
As Lee explained in his class CBD 101, CBD interacts with other medications in your body in the same way as grapefruit, only even stronger.
Have you ever been told not to take your medication with grapefruit? This is because compounds in grapefruits can interfere with the metabolism of many medications.
CBD does the same thing. But as I said above, the effect is even stronger with CBD.
Do the grapefruit test with your doctor or pharmacist. Ask them: “Should I avoid eating grapefruits or drinking grapefruit juice with this medication?”
They will know exactly what you are talking about. If they say yes, you should avoid grapefruits with your medication, you now know you need to be careful about mixing CBD with those same meds as well. Talk to your doctor about CBD and tell them about it if they say you should avoid grapefruits with your medication.
Alternatively, you can skip the Grapefruit Test and just directly tell your doctor you want to use CBD.
We always recommend you do this anyway, even if your doctor doesn’t work directly with cannabis. Medical schools typically don’t educate physicians about the endocannabinoid system, the most widespread receptor system in the human body. But that doesn’t mean we shouldn’t educate them about it!
If your doctor is aware of your CBD usage, he may decide to monitor your blood work more closely or tell you to avoid taking CBD at the exact same time as your other medications.
Drugs that Interact with Cannabidiol
Any drug metabolized by CYP450 enzymes could potentially interact with cannabidiol. According to the Indiana University Department of Medicine, drugs known to use the CYP450 system include:
- HMG CoA reductase inhibitors
- Calcium channel blockers
- HIV antivirals
- Immune modulators
- Beta blockers
- Angiotension II blockers
- Oral hypoglycemic agents
This list does not include all of the potential medications impacted by cannabidiol. Nor will every medication in the categories contained on this list will cause an interaction. For these reasons, you should consult with a medical professional before supplementing with CBD.


Breast augmentation — also known as augmentation mammoplasty — is surgery to increase breast size. It involves placing breast implants under breast tissue or chest muscles.
For some women, breast augmentation is a way to feel more confident. For others, it’s part of rebuilding the breast for various conditions.
If you’re considering breast augmentation, talk to a plastic surgeon. Make sure you understand what surgery involves, including possible risks, complications and follow-up care.
Why it’s done
Breast augmentation might help you:
- Enhance your appearance if you think your breasts are too small or that one is smaller than the other
- Adjust for a reduction in the size of your breasts after pregnancy
- Correct uneven breasts after breast surgery for other conditions
- Improve your self-confidence
Discuss your goals with your surgeon so that you can be realistic about what breast augmentation can do for you.
Breast augmentation poses various risks, including:
- Scar tissue that distorts the shape of the breast implant (capsular contracture)
- Breast pain
- Changes in nipple and breast sensation
- Implant leakage or rupture
Correcting these complications might require more surgery, either to remove or replace the implants.
The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has identified a possible association between breast implants and the development of breast implant-associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL), a rare cancer of the immune system. The FDA believes that women with breast implants might have a very low but increased risk of developing ALCL. However, further research is needed to fully understand the relationship between ALCL and breast implants.
How you prepare
You’ll consult with a plastic surgeon about your preferences for size, feel and appearance of your breasts. The surgeon will describe specific types of implants — smooth or textured, round or shaped like a teardrop, saline or silicone — as well as options for surgical techniques.
Carefully review written information, such as the patient information from the manufacturer of the implant you’ll be getting, and keep copies for your records.
Before you decide to have surgery, consider the following:
- Breast implants won’t prevent your breasts from sagging. To correct sagging breasts, you might need a breast lift in addition to breast augmentation.
- Breast implants aren’t guaranteed to last a lifetime. The average life span of an implant is 10 years. Implant rupture is a possibility. Also, your breasts will continue to age, and factors such as weight gain or weight loss might change the way your breasts look. These issues will likely lead to more surgery.
- Mammograms might be more complicated. If you have breast implants, in addition to routine mammograms, you’ll require additional, specialized views.
- Breast implants might hamper breast-feeding. Some women are able to successfully breast-feed after breast augmentation. For others, however, breast-feeding is a challenge.
- Insurance does not cover breast implants. Unless it’s medically necessary — such as after a mastectomy — breast augmentation isn’t covered by insurance. Be prepared to handle the expenses, including related surgeries or future imaging tests.
- You might need additional surgery after breast implant removal. If you decide to have your implants removed, you might need a breast lift or other corrective surgery to help restore your breasts’ appearance.
- You might need an MRI scan. The FDA recommends routine monitoring with MRI after three years. However, recent studies show that there’s little data to support routine screening unless you have symptoms.
You might need a baseline mammogram before your surgery. Your doctor might adjust certain medications before the surgery as well. For example, it’s important to avoid aspirin or other medications that can increase bleeding.
If you smoke, your surgeon will ask you to stop smoking for a time before the surgery.
Arrange for someone to drive you home after the surgery and to stay with you for at least the first night.
What you can expect
Breast augmentation can be done in a surgical center or hospital outpatient facility. You’ll probably go home the same day. The procedure rarely requires a hospital stay.
Sometimes, breast augmentation is done during local anesthesia — you’re awake and your breast area is numbed. Often, though, breast augmentation is done during general anesthesia, in which you’re asleep for the surgery.
During the procedure
To insert the breast implant, your surgeon will make a single cut (incision) in one of three places:
- In the crease under your breast (inframammary)
- Under your arm (axillary)
- Around your nipple (periareolar)
After making an incision, the surgeon will separate your breast tissue from the muscles and connective tissue of your chest. This creates a pocket either behind or in front of the outermost muscle of the chest wall (pectoral muscle). The surgeon will insert the implant into this pocket and center it behind your nipple.
Saline implants are inserted empty and then filled with sterile salt water once they’re in place. Silicone implants are pre-filled with silicone gel.
When the implant is in place, the surgeon will close the incision — typically with stitches (sutures) — and bandage it with skin adhesive and surgical tape.
After the procedure
Soreness and swelling are likely for a few weeks after surgery. Bruising is possible, too. Expect scars to fade over time but not disappear completely.
While you’re healing, it might help to wear a compression bandage or sports bra for extra support and positioning of the breast implants. Your surgeon might prescribe pain medication as well.
Follow your surgeon’s instructions about returning to regular activities. If you don’t have a physically demanding job, you might be able to return to work within a few weeks. Avoid strenuous activities — anything that could raise your pulse or blood pressure — for at least two weeks. While you’re healing, remember that your breasts will be sensitive to physical contact or jarring movements.
If your surgeon used sutures that don’t absorb on their own or placed drainage tubes near your breasts, you’ll need a follow-up appointment for removal.
If you notice warmth and redness in your breast or you run a fever, you might have an infection. Contact your surgeon as soon as possible. Also contact your surgeon if you have shortness of breath or chest pain.
Breast augmentation can change the size and shape of your breasts. The surgery might improve your body image and self-esteem. But keep your expectations realistic, and don’t expect perfection.
Also, your breasts will continue to age after augmentation. Weight gain or weight loss might change the way your breasts look, too. If you become dissatisfied with the appearance of your breasts, you might need more surgery to correct these issues.


Welcome to Weber Orthodontics, a Trusted Source for Orthodontics in Wheaton and Glen Ellyn!
Thank you for visiting the website of Weber Orthodontics, your home for orthodontics in Wheaton and Glen Ellyn, IL. Dr. Robert J. Weber and the entire staff at Weber Orthodontics are glad to welcome you into our family-friendly office that’s perfect for patients of all ages. As your trusted Wheaton and Glen Ellyn orthodontist, we’re proud to offer you a wide array of high-quality orthodontic treatments, from braces to Invisalign. Dr. Weber is an Elite Invisalign provider, meaning that he’s ranked in the top five percent of all doctors in the country. He’s also the only Elite Invisalign provider in all of Wheaton, IL. In addition, Weber Orthodontics goes above and beyond in providing advanced orthodontic technologies, such as AcceleDent and the iTero scanner, that are proven to make your orthodontic treatment more efficient, comfortable, and convenient. It’s never been easier to attain the smile of your dreams!
If you have been told you are not an Invisalign candidate, please contact Dr. Weber for a consultation!
Dr. Weber has attended numerous continuing education seminars taught by Align Technology that show how more difficult orthodontic problems can be treated with Invisalign or Invisalign Teen. As an Invisalign Elite provider, Dr. Weber is in the top 5% of all doctors in the country and is the only Elite provider of Invisalign in Wheaton. His experience enables him to correct more difficult cases with Invisalign and Invisalign Teen – problems that, years ago, orthodontists would not have considered treating with an aligner system.
Contact Your Orthodontist in Wheaton and Glen Ellyn Today!
Interested in what you hear? We encourage you to stop by and visit us sometime! You can schedule a free consultation with us through our website or by giving us a call at (630) 665-5552. Please feel free to contact us if you have any questions, comments, or concerns. We at Weber Orthodontics are more than happy to help you in any way we can. We hope to hear from you and help you attain the smile of your dreams!
Weber Orthodontics, Where Beautiful Smiles Begin!


I am currently working a Humira side effects product liability lawsuit against Abbott Laboratories. It has been shown that Humira causes lymphoma cancers, particularly rare lymphoma cancers like hepatosplenic t-cell lymphoma cancer. Humira is a tumor necrosis factor, TNF, blocker. The Federal Drug Administration has recently ordered Abbott Laboratories to place a warning on Humira packaging warning consumers on the risks associated with taking Humira.
In addition to hepatosplenic t-cell lymphoma cancer it has been shown that Humira causes infections like histoplasmosis. That Federal Drug Administration (FDA) has also ordered warnings to Abbott Laboratories on these infections. The consumers most likely to be exposed to infection are in the Mississippi and Ohio River Valleys. Additionally, consumers that have been prescribed methotrexate, an immune-suppressant drug, are at increased risk. To join this class action product liability lawsuit please contact me ASAP.
Concerns have also surfaced that Humira may cause nerve damage. Humira is generally prescribed for arthritis and less often for psoriasis.


Affinity of antibody detection on Countstar® FL
Antibodies are nature’s molecular recognition machines designed to aid the immune system in destroying extracellular, as well as intracellular, threats. Detect affinity of antibody in cell level is an important indicator of monoclonal antibody detection using immunofluorescence method, and the current determination method is to use flow cytometry to achieve relatively quantitative. Here, the Countstar® FL can evaluate affinity of antibody using indirect immunofluorescence. The Countstar® FL present a direct quantitative value by detecting average fluorescence intensity of different antigen-antibody reactions. It can monitor the concentration, viability of cell. The Countstar® FL has also the advantage in obtaining additional morphological information, provided by the permanent brightfield and fluorescence based image recordings during the whole process. The Countstar® FL offers a fast, sophisticated and reliable method for the affinity of antibody detection in antibody drug screening. The Countstar® FL system (Fig. 1) is a smart, intuitive cell analysis instrument that streamlines a wide variety of cellular assay including transfection, apoptosis, cell surface marker, cell viability, affinity of antibody and cell cycle assessments. The system provides robust fluorescence quantitative results. The easy-to-use, automated procedure guide you to complete a cellular assay form imaging and data acquisition.
Figure 1. Countstar® FL system combines the functionalities of a digital microscope, an image cytometer and a cell counter in a single bench top instrument.
Countstar® FL/Countstar® Chamber slides/0.2% Trypan blue solution (CS0101001-50)
CHO cell line/DMEM (Hyclone-SH30243.01)/FBS (Hyclone-SH30084.03)/Trypsin (Hyclone-SH30042.01)
Using CHO cell line which stable express X protein to evaluate affinity of original drug and generic drug.
Preparing different concentrations of 002-BMK1, 002-BMK2, AB1, AB2, AB3, AB4, AB5, AB6, AB7, AB8, AB9, PCSK-9 as primary antibodies. Besides, 002-BMK1, 002-BMK2 antibodies can bind with X protein specifically, and PCSK-9 was a negative control antibody.
Using 5µg/mL Alexa Fluor® 488 Goat anti-mouse IgG (Biolegend) as secondary antibody.
1. CHO cells were plate in cell culture dish in medium containing DMEM, 2mML-Glutamine, 1.5g/L Sodium bicarbonate and 10% FBS. Incubate the plates for 48h at 37°C, 5% CO2 incubator.
2. Harvest the cells.
1. Determine the cell concentration by using trypan blue counting;
2. Prepare 0.3million cells/action for next steps;
3. Spin down cell sample at 400g for 3-5 minutes, aspirate medium, and then resuspend cells in 100µL PBS;
4. Mix the samples gently and spin down cell sample at 400g for 3-5 minutes, aspirate medium, and then resuspend cells in 100µL staining buffer;
5. Add different concentrations of primary antibodies to CHO cell line. The top concentration of primary antibodies was10µg/mL, 4 folds serial dilution, the bottom concentration was 0.01µg/mL;
6. Incubate for 60min at 37℃ in the dark ;
7. Spin down cell sample at 400g for 3-5 minutes, aspirate medium, and then resuspend cells in 100µL PBS;
8. Mix the samples gently and spin down cell sample at 400g for 3-5 minutes, aspirate medium, and then resuspend cells in 100µLstaining buffer ;
10. Incubate for 30min at RT (25℃) in the dark;
11. Spin down cell sample at 400g for 3-5 minutes, aspirate medium, and then resuspend cells in 100µL PBS;
12. Mix the samples gently and spin down cell sample at 400g for 3-5 minutes, aspirate medium, and then resuspend cells in 100µL staining buffer ;
13. Mix the samples, load 20µL of samples into chamber and detect samples with Countstar® FL.
Note: Above operations can use EP tubes or 96-well plates.
Imaging and analysis with Countstar® FL
1. The cell number and cell viability was detected by using “Trypan Blue Viability” directly.
2. The signal-color application procedure was created by setting Green channel to image Alexa Fluor® 488 fluorescence.
3. 1or3 field(s) captured from each chamber.
4. Data was displayed on the screen directly when testing. After imaging and initial analysis were completed, data were exported and analyzed. The process of affinity of antibody assay was described briefly in Figure 2.
Figure 2. Process of affinity of antibody detection
Determining the does response curve for different antibodies
A dose-response experiment was set up in a 96-well plate to determine affinity of antibodies for CHO cells, including original drugs, generic drugs and negative antibody (Fig. 3). A range of reducing amounts of primary antibodies (10µg/mL-0.01µg/mL) were used across the plate as indicated.
Figure 3. 96-well plate map of antibodies conditions. Each well containing CHO cells (0.3 million), secondary antibody (5µg/mL) and primary antibodies (0.01, 0.039, 0.156, 0.625, 2.5, 10µg/mL) are indicated. Other wells untapped are unwritten.
Imaging and analysis with Countstar® FL imaging system
A signal-color application procedure was created by setting Green channel to image Alexa Fluor® 488 fluorescence, plus a bright field. Bright field picture reference segmentation was applied as a mask to sample the Alexa Fluor® 488 fluorescence signal. Example images of each concentration of AB4, images of highest concentration of PCSK9 and 002-BMK1 are shown in Figure 4.
Figure 4. Images of 0.01, 0.039, 0.156, 0.625, 2.5, 10µg/ml of AB4 treated CHO cells. The images showed the higher antibody concentration, the stronger fluorescence signal. 002-BMK1 antibody can bind with Tim3 specifically, PCSK-9 was a negative control antibody. 002-BMK1 sample, all cells showed high fluorescence signal, representative image shown.PCSK-9 sample, showed almost no fluorescence signal, representative image shown.
Quantitative analysis for affinity of antibody with Countstar® FL imaging system
Different affinity of antibodies can be presented a direct quantitative value by different average fluorescence intensity of antigen-antibody reactions. CHO cells which stable express X protein were applied to analyze affinity of antibodies arresting following treatment with different concentration of antibodies. The results were displayed in the database of Countstar® FL. Data was exported to analyse. Graphpad prism5 was implemented to evaluate the EC50 of antibodies (Fig. 5A). The fluorescence intensity increased as the primary antibodies concentrations increased. The average fluorescence intensity tendency showed that the reaction activity of each antibody at different concentrations, and PCSK-9 which was a negative control antibody showed almost no fluorescence intensity. LogEC50 of each antibody showed that the affinity of original drugs were better than generic drugs. AB2, AB3, AB4,AB6 are better among generic drugs, they can be used to do next assay (Fig. 5B). The Countstar® FL system can evaluate affinity of antibodies directly and reliable.
Figure 5. Quantitative analysis results for affinity of antibody. A. Average fluorescence intensity in different antigen-antibody reactions varied with different concentrations of antibodies. B. Results about comparing affinity of original drugs and generic drugs.
The Countstar® FL system provides a rapid, direct and easy means of evaluating affinity of antibodies. In addition, it combines multiple functionalities and is a compact, application-driven, automated cell imaging system providing robust quantitative results through the use of preconfigured biological applications. The Countstar® FL combines an extendable range of further applications in the same instrument. It is a compact and highly mobile equipment. The automated cell imaging and analysis system provides precise and reproducible quantitative results by using preconfigured biological application templates. Each pre-set assay is an easy-to-use, automated module that covers all steps of a specific biological assay to simplify routine cell laboratory tasks while providing high-quality scientific data. For quantifying affinity of antibodies, Countstar® FL supplies a direct and reliable method.
Copyright © 2010-2016 Shanghai Ruiyu Biotech Co., Ltd. Copyright All Rights Reserved.
Countstar products For Research Use Only. Not for use in diagnostic procedures.


Advance care planning simply means thinking about and talking about what care you would want when you can’t speak for yourself. It is particularly important in planning for care at the end of your life. You can document what you want so your wishes are clearly understood. Or you can nominate a trusted family member or friend to make these decisions for you when you are no longer able to make them.
Each state and territory has resources that can be used. Talking within your family is often a good place to start. You can also talk to your GP, a community nurse or other people who provide support and care.
The important thing is to make sure that you share these plans and wishes while you can still communicate and while you have the capacity to do so.
Page updated 22 May 2017


Billie Holladay Skelleyhttp://www.bhskelley.com
Billie Holladay Skelley is a registered nurse who received her bachelor’s and master’s degrees from the University of Wisconsin. In Madison, she worked as a Clinical Nurse Specialist in cardiovascular and thoracic surgery and taught students in the nursing program. She also helped to develop the nursing curriculum at Clarke College in Iowa. Since her retirement from the nursing profession, Billie has enjoyed focusing her writing efforts on different topics and disciplines for various forums. She has been a member of the Missouri Writers' Guild since October 6, 2015.


Dr. Crume is a board-certified Colon and Rectal Surgeon practicing in Salt Lake City and Utah County. She treats all aspects of colorectal disease including colon and rectal cancer, anal cancer, inflammatory bowel disease, ulcerative colitis, Crohn’s disease, diverticulitis, colonoscopy for cancer screening, and all aspects of proctology including hemorrhoids, anal fissures, fistulas, and anal warts. She also specializes in pelvic floor treatment focusing on fecal incontinence and rectal prolapse.
Dr. Crume is originally from Texas. She received her Bachelor of Science in Biology from McMurry University in Abilene, Texas, and her medical degree from The University of North Texas College of Osteopathic Medicine. She did her general surgery training at Maine Medical Center in Portland, Maine. She completed her colorectal fellowship in Salt Lake City.
Dr. Crume is one of the few colorectal surgeons in the state of Utah who performs sacral nerve stimulation for fecal incontinence. She also has a robust practice treating recurrent rectal prolapse.
She is a skilled laparoscopic and robotic surgeon providing minimally invasive surgery for a variety of diseases including colon and rectal cancer, diverticulitis, and inflammatory bowel disease. She also performs transanal minimally invasive surgery (TAMIS) for rectal lesions saving some patients from larger bowel resections.
Dr. Crume is a Texan at heart but loves her adopted state of Utah. When not practicing medicine, she can be found hiking, skiing, or playing golf.
- All aspects of colon and rectal surgery
- Robotic and laparoscopic surgery
- Screening, diagnostic, and therapeutic colonoscopy
- Specialized treatments for fecal incontinence such as sacral nerve stimulator implantation
- Colon, Rectal, and Anal Cancer
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease, including both Ulcerative Colitis and Crohn’s Disease
- Benign diseases of the anus and rectum, including ailments such as hemorrhoids, fistulas, fissures, and abscesses.
- These are typically the most common problems for which colon and rectal surgeons provide care.
Society Memberships and Activities:
- Member of the American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgery
- Northwest Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons
- American Osteopathic Association
- Faculty for St. Marks Hospital Colon and Rectal Surgery Fellowship
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Multidisciplinary Program.
- All of our doctors participate with other local physicians from three hospitals in specialties including gastroenterology, radiology, and pathology so that they can make multidisciplinary decisions for patients with complex cases of inflammatory bowel disease, such as Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis.
- Multidisciplinary cancer care.
- All of our doctors participate with other local physicians from two hospitals in specialties including medical oncology, radiation oncology, radiology, and pathology so that they can make multidisciplinary treatment recommendations for patients with complex cases of colorectal cancer.
- University of North Texas; Fort Worth, TX
- Maine Medical Center; Portland, ME
- St. Mark's Hospital; Salt Lake City, UT
- Board Certified
- Surgery, Colon and Rectal Surgery


Pill Reminder Application for Android & iPhone
Organizes Your Medication Records
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Gives You Important Facts
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By monitoring and tracking your medications MedSimple helps eliminate missed doses. That means you keep better control of your health and prevent complications.


PREMIERE CUSTOM METAL STAMPING FOR ALL APPLICATIONS AND INDUSTRIES!
Precision Die Stamped Medical Parts
With medical technologies continuing to advance, the need for high-performing die stamped medical components has increased as well. As an innovative contract progressive die stamping manufacturer, Progressive Die and Stamping has the state-of-the-art equipment and precision die stamping experience for your next stamped metal medical component.
Our die stamped medical components are manufactured using the highest-quality materials and are manufactured to stringent standards and certification guidelines, depending on the application. We work with OEMs to determine the best die stamping process for your medical components.
Our precision die stamped medical parts can be used for a variety of medical applications including:
- Surgical Instruments
- Wireless medical components
- Medical pumps
- Medical enclosures
- Implantable and non-invasive medical devices
Die Stamped Medical Parts Manufacturing Capabilities
We offer all the services you need to produce complete die stamped medical parts. As an advanced quality dental tool manufacturer, we provide durable, hygienic stainless steel dental equipment for your inventory needs. Our dental parts manufacturing services are listed below.
As a direct medical and dental tool manufacturer, we can produce progressive die stamped dental parts through a direct progressive die stamping process. This process feeds a coil of flat, thin metal stock into a stamping machine, which then pierces, cuts, or bends the metal into your desired medical or dental part.
All our hygienic stainless steel medical and dental tooling is designed and fabricated in our complete tool room at our facility in Anaheim, California, USA. This helps us guarantee the quality and accuracy of our dental equipment tooling services, so we can provide you with the best custom metal stampings available.
Our experienced engineers use the latest in CAD software to develop digital models for all your die stamped medical and dental part needs. Our CAD software utilizes numerous translators that enable us to import most CAD file formats. This versatility makes it easy for us to turn almost any medical part print into a tangible product.
Progressive Die and Stamping can provide you with a design process for your medical and dental part manufacturing needs. We can assist you in refining your design by providing a prototype stamping that will let you test your medical part’s fit, form, and function.
Short Lead Times, Cost-Effective Medical Part Production
We manufacture our dies in-house. As a direct medical tool manufacturer for our customers, that means shorter lead times and lower overall costs. Our commitment to quality and competitive prices dates back to our humble beginnings in 1962.
Materials Used for Dental and Medical Component Manufacturing
Though they’re often tiny, dental equipment needs to be precise. We use leading-edge technologies to achieve the precision and repeatability that dental and medical device manufacturers demand. Our experience working with the materials that dental device manufacturers use includes:
- Hygienic stainless steel
- Beryllium copper
Additional Medical Component Manufacturing Services
We also offer a wide range of other services for your die stamped medical parts needs, including:
- Powder Coating
Our assembly department can take stamped parts and put them together, so you can receive completed parts and sub-assemblies.
Design Your Precision Die Stamped Medical Parts Today
In the world of medical research and medical parts manufacturing, it’s all about progress. For more information about the medical equipment services we provide to medical and dental device manufacturers, or to request a quote for your project, contact Progressive Die and Stamping today at 714-526-5773.


COVID Cases Across Pennsylvania – Including Washington, Allegheny & Greene Counties
The Pennsylvania Department of Health announced Wednesday that over the past twenty-four-hours, there were 2,179 new cases of the coronavirus reported, bringing the statewide total to 1,179,251. County-specific information and a statewide map are available here. Pennsylvania reported 52 new deaths, bringing the statewide death toll to 26,659. In licensed nursing and personal care homes, there are 71,294 resident cases of COVID-19, and 15,003 cases among employees, for a total of 86,297 at 1,590 distinct facilities in all 67 counties. Out of total deaths reported, 13,198 have occurred in residents from nursing or personal care facilities. Approximately 28,120 of our total cases are among health care workers. Washington County added 45 new infections for a total of 17,358 confirmed and probable cases of COVID-19. The county’s death toll remains at 295. Allegheny County added 183 new cases for a total of 99,567 confirmed and probable infections. The county’s death toll rose by four for a total of 1,912. Greene County added eleven new COVID cases, bringing the countywide total to 3,196 confirmed and probable cases. The county’s death toll remains at 39. To date, fifty-two-point-seven-percent of Pennsylvania residents have received at least one dose of the COVID vaccine and forty-five-point-six-percent of residents have been fully vaccinated. Across the United States, COVID-19 cases have now surpassed thirty-two-point-seven-million and more than five-hundred-and-eighty-two-thousand people have died.
*The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention have released new guidance regarding the wearing of masks. U.S. health officials say fully vaccinated Americans don’t need to wear masks outdoors anymore unless they are in a big crowd of strangers, and unvaccinated people can drop face coverings in some cases, too. The change comes as more than half of U.S. adults have gotten at least one dose of coronavirus vaccine, and more than a third have been fully vaccinated.
**Under the new guidelines issued by the CDC, Pennsylvania residents who are fully vaccinated may now visit with other fully vaccinated people indoors without wearing masks or physical distancing, visit with unvaccinated people from a single household who are at low risk for severe COVID-19 disease indoors without wearing masks or physical distancing and refrain from quarantine and testing following a known exposure, if asymptomatic.
The state’s mask mandate in businesses is still REQUIRED – EVEN IF FULLY VACCINATED. Consistent mask-wearing and hand-washing is critical to preventing the spread of COVID-19.
***Governor Wolf Lifting COVID-19 Mitigation Orders
Gov. Tom Wolf announced Tuesday, May 4th, that his office would be lifting the COVID-19 mitigation orders, except the masking order, on Memorial Day. According to a news release, Wolf said the current order requiring state residents to wear a mask will be lifted once 70% of Pennsylvanians age 18 and older were fully vaccinated. Right now, masks are required to be worn indoors and outdoors when away from your home. Requirements such as testing and reporting new cases will remain in place for hospitals and long-term care facilities. Maintaining requirements for hospitals and long-term care facilities will allow Pennsylvania to continue to closely monitor COVID-19 spread while lifting other restrictions. The Department of Health recommends that Pennsylvanians refer to CDC guidance and recommendations regarding ongoing COVID-19 safety measures and procedures. These updates will not prevent municipalities and school districts from continuing and implementing stricter mitigation efforts.


References for post-licensure studies
FVR has a solid experience in conducting phase 4 observational vaccine studies and pragmatic clinical trials. Pragmatic trials are particularly well suited for providing further evidence to National Immunization Technical Advisory Groups (NITAGs) after phase 1 to 3 trials and vaccine licensure. Real-World Evidence data ensures that outcomes in terms of public health benefits are adequately documented.
FVR experts have conducted register-based studies utilizing various study designs (cohort study, case-control study, indirect cohort method, register-based hospital-based test-negative design) in evaluating vaccine effectiveness, vaccine safety, and disease burden.
Additionally, active hospital-based test-negative design studies are particularly suitable for FVR as our RWE unit is located at the Tampere hospital campus. Tampere is the second largest urban area and the third most populous single municipality in Finland. Several large outpatient facilities are near-by.
M.D., Ph.D., University lecturer in clinical epidemiology
Chief Research Officer at FVR
arto.palmu (at) fvr.fi
+358 50 549 7113
Register data sources in Finland
All registers listed below are nationwide, linkable with each other, and affordable. Data collection in all registers is mandatory, electronic, automated, structured and, in most cases, real-time. Due to the national health insurance coverage of all permanent residents and accessible public healthcare, the registers capture the healthcare events without selection bias.
All residents of Finland have a unique Personal Identity Code (PIC). All national registers include the PIC as identifier, thus allowing unambiguous deterministic linking of data from different registers at an individual level. The PIC includes the birth date of the subject, an individual number (revealing the sex of the person) and a control character. PIC is assigned at birth or at the time a person is granted a residence permit. The PIC is permanent, except in gender transitioning.
Data for outcomes, exposure, and potential confounders and effect modifiers will be extracted from the following nationwide registers:
National Infectious Diseases Register (NIDR), maintained by the Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (THL) since 1995 is a population- and laboratory-based surveillance system. Since 2004, the NIDR data includes the PIC. All Finnish clinical microbiology laboratories are obliged to notify positive laboratory findings for defined infectious diseases in the NIDR. Each notification includes e.g. date and place of sampling, specimen type, microbe detection method, and date of birth, sex, and municipality of residence of the patient. In addition to the laboratory notification, dentists and doctors must file a notification for certain generally hazardous or monitored communicable diseases. A public register description is available HERE >>
The Care Register for Health Care (Hilmo), a hospital discharge register maintained by THL since 1994. The register contains all inpatient hospitalizations in Finland and, since 1998, also information on outpatient visits in municipal hospitals. The discharge notifications include data on the patients such as municipality of residence, site of treatment, admission and discharge dates, type of admission (emergency/scheduled/transfer), and diagnoses recorded with ICD-10 codes (ICD-9 codes up to 1996). A separate discharge notification is reported for each visit (e.g. ER visit) or inpatient treatment at a specific ward. The data are collected locally on an ongoing basis, and transfers to the national register is performed overnight. The data includes the PIC and can be linked with other individual register data. A public register description is available HERE >>
The Register of Primary Health Care Visits (Avohilmo) maintained by THL contains data on outpatient primary health care visits in public health care since 2011. Since 2021, also most private health care providers are covered. The data includes e.g. date, place, and time of the visit/contact and reason/diagnoses (recorded with ICD-10 codes or ICPC-2 codes). The data includes the PIC and can be linked with other individual register data. The data dispatch from the health care centers is scheduled to occur every night. A public register description is available HERE >>
The National Vaccination Register (NVR), maintained by THL since 2009, was established as part of the Register of Primary Health Care Visits (Avohilmo/THL) (Baum et al. 2017). The data is comprehensive since 2011. The NVR includes all vaccinations given in public primary health care and it is increasingly covering also vaccinations administered in the private health care and specialist medical care (the latter through Hilmo).
The Medical Birth Register, maintained by THL since 1987, with several further reforms includes versatile data on deliveries and births in Finland. The data includes PIC and can be linked with other individual register data. A public register description is available HERE >>
The Social Insurance Institutions (KELA) benefits registers include data on decisions on reimbursement of health care costs of the individual citizens covered by the national health insurance. These include e.g. reimbursements for antimicrobial drugs and entitlement to special reimbursements on medical expenses such as entitlement to reimbursement of drugs for defined chronic diseases and of immunosuppressant drugs. Special reimbursement decisions can be used for identification of chronic diseases. The data includes the PIC and can be linked with other individual register data.
Kanta Services (KELA), Prescription Centre and Patient Data Repository. The Prescription Centre contains data on electronical prescriptions for medicines comprehensively since 2017. The Patient Data Repository is a national information system service for archiving electronic patient data produced. The majority of public health care providers had joined the Kanta Patient Data Repository in 2015 and since November 2021 it has also been mandatory for private health care providers to join. Kanta Services is a cooperative effort of KELA, THL, the Digital and Population Data Services Agency (DVV), the Ministry of Social Affairs and Health and the National Supervisory Authority for Welfare and Health Valvira, as well as social welfare and healthcare operators, pharmacies and system suppliers. Kanta is updated near real-time. The health and social data in the Kanta Services is available for secondary use, read more HERE >>
The Digital and Population Data Services Agency (DVV) maintains a Population Information System (PIS), a computerized national register that contains basic information about Finnish citizens and foreign citizens residing in Finland on a permanent basis. The information in the system is used throughout the information services and management of the Finnish society. Personal data recorded in the system includes e.g. the date and country of birth, date of death (if applicable), municipality of residence and place of residence/address. Aggregated population data are publicly available, read more HERE >>
Additional registers available for research purposes include the Care Register for Social Care at THL, Cancer register (THL), various registers of Statistics Finland, and many others.
Pragmatic trial references
Palmu AA, Jokinen J, Borys D, Nieminen H, Ruokokoski E, Siira L, Puumalainen T, Lommel P, Hezareh M, Moreira M, Schuerman L, Kilpi TM. Effectiveness of the ten-valent pneumococcal Haemophilus influenzae protein D conjugate vaccine (PHiD-CV10) against invasive pneumococcal disease: a cluster randomised trial. Lancet. 2013 Jan 19;381(9862):214-22. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61854-6. Epub 2012 Nov 16.
Hollingsworth R, Palmu A, Pepin S, Dupuy M, Shrestha A, Jokinen J, Syrjänen R, Nealon J, Samson S, De Bruijn I. Effectiveness of the quadrivalent high-dose influenza vaccine for prevention of cardiovascular and respiratory events in people aged 65 years and above: rationale and design of a real-world pragmatic randomized clinical trial. Am Heart J. 2021 Mar 12:S0002-8703(21)00072-7. doi: 10.1016/j.ahj.2021.03.007. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04137887. Manuscript with trial results has been submitted.
The authors shown in bold are FVR employees.
Observational study references
Palmu AA, Rinta-Kokko H, Nohynek H, Nuorti JP, Kilpi TM, Jokinen J. Impact of ten-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine on pneumonia in Finnish children in a nation-wide population-based study. PLoS One. 2017 Mar 1;12(3):e0172690. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0172690. eCollection 2017.
Rinta-Kokko H, Auranen K, Toropainen M, Nuorti JP, Nohynek H, Siira L, Palmu AA. Effectiveness of 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine estimated with three parallel study designs among vaccine-eligible children in Finland. Vaccine. 2020 Feb 5;38(6):1559-1564. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2019.11.049.
Halme J, Syrjänen RK, Baum U, Palmu AA. Effectiveness of trivalent influenza vaccines against hospitalizations due to laboratory-confirmed influenza a in the elderly: Comparison of test-negative design with register-based designs. Vaccine. 2022 Jul 29;40(31):4242-4252. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.05.080. Epub 2022 Jun 9.
Rondy M, Gherasim A, Casado I, Launay O, Rizzo C, Pitigoi D, Mickiene A, Marbus SD, Machado A, Syrjänen RK, Pem-Novose I, Horváth JK, Larrauri A, Castilla J, Vanhems P, Alfonsi V, Ivanciuc AE, Kuliese M, van Gageldonk-Lafeber R, Gomez V, Ikonen N, Lovric Z, Ferenczi A; I-MOVE+ hospital working group; Moren A. Low 2016/17 season vaccine effectiveness against hospitalised influenza A(H3N2) among elderly: awareness warranted for 2017/18 season. Euro Surveill. 2017 Oct;22(41):17-00645. doi: 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2017.22.41.17-00645.
Hovi P, Palmu AA, Nieminen TA, Artama M, Jokinen J, Ruokokoski E, Lassila R, Nohynek H, Kilpi T. Incidence of sinus thrombosis with thrombocytopenia-A nation-wide register study. PLoS One. 2023 Feb 24;18(2):e0282226. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0282226. eCollection 2023.
Gehrt L, Laake I, Englund H, Nieminen H, Benn CS, Feiring B, Trogstad L, Palmu AA, Sørup S. Hospital Contacts for Infectious Diseases Among Children in Denmark, Finland, Norway, and Sweden, 2008-2017. Clin Epidemiol. 2022 Apr 29;14:609-621. doi: 10.2147/CLEP.S355193. eCollection 2022.
The authors shown in bold are FVR employees.


The Arcora Foundation – SmileMobile dental clinic (3 operatories) is here and located at Grantham Elementary School.
The dentist – Dr. Jennifer Domagalski and team will see babies (first tooth), children and youth (up to age 21), pregnant/postpartum women, and adult family members with Apple Health and uninsured.
They will offer a dental exam., fluoride varnish, and oral hygiene instructions. Depending on the patient need we may offer one or more of the following: x-rays, sealants, simple extraction, Silver Diamine Fluoride (stops the growth of tooth decay), palliative, and other services. They will write referrals for students and family members that have comprehensive dental needs.
In 2021, only 30% of children 20 years and younger in Asotin County with Apple Health went to the dentist.
They have openings beginning tomorrow (Wednesday, May 25) and plan to be here through Friday.
Families are welcome to stop by and/or call Karri Amundson directly to schedule at 206.276.1620.


HEALINGBELL PARKINSON REHAB
Healingbell, one of the best Parkinson Rehabilitation Center in Bangalore is where hope is rekindled, and lives are transformed.
At Healingbell Healthcare, we understand the intricate challenges of Parkinson’s disease and are resolute in our commitment to providing tailored rehabilitation programs that empower individuals to reclaim their lives. With a focus on specialized exercises, innovative therapies, and unwavering support, our Parkinson rehabilitation center stands as a beacon of promise for those navigating the complexities of Parkinson’s.
Parkinson’s disease is a complex and progressive neurodegenerative disorder that affects millions of lives worldwide. It manifests with a range of motor symptoms, including tremors, rigidity, bradykinesia (slowness of movement), and postural instability. Beyond the physical challenges, Parkinson’s can also take a toll on emotional well-being and cognitive function. While a cure remains elusive, rehabilitation has emerged as a crucial aspect of managing the disease, aiming to improve the quality of life, enhance mobility, and provide a sense of control.
WHAT DOES COMPREHENSIVE PARKINSON REHABILITATION SERVICES ENCOMPASS?
Our Parkinson Rehabilitation Center in Bangalore offers a comprehensive range of specialized services that cater to various aspects of the disease:
Specialized Exercise Programs: Physical exercise has been proven to have a positive impact on managing Parkinson’s symptoms. Our experienced physiotherapists work closely with patients to develop personalized exercise regimens that focus on improving flexibility, strength, balance, and overall mobility. These exercises are meticulously designed to target the specific motor challenges posed by Parkinson’s, helping individuals regain a greater degree of control over their movements.
Occupational Therapy: Maintaining independence in daily activities can be a significant challenge for individuals with Parkinson’s. Our skilled occupational therapists collaborate with patients to develop strategies that make daily tasks more manageable. By focusing on adaptive techniques and assistive devices, we empower individuals to maintain a sense of autonomy and carry out daily routines with confidence.
Speech and Swallowing Therapy: Parkinson’s can affect the muscles responsible for speech and swallowing, leading to communication difficulties and a risk of aspiration. Our speech therapists employ evidence-based techniques to enhance speech clarity, improve vocal control, and address swallowing issues. These therapies not only facilitate better communication but also contribute to improved nutritional intake and overall well-being.
Counseling and Emotional Support: Dealing with a chronic condition like Parkinson’s can take a toll on one’s emotional and psychological well-being. Our certified counselors provide a safe and supportive environment where individuals and their families can address the emotional challenges often accompanying the disease. By offering coping strategies and emotional guidance, we aim to enhance overall resilience and mental well-being.
Group Therapy: The power of community cannot be underestimated, especially for those facing similar challenges. Our group therapy sessions provide a platform for individuals with Parkinson’s to connect, share experiences, and learn from one another. These sessions foster a sense of camaraderie, reduce feelings of isolation, and create a supportive network that extends beyond the rehabilitation process.
BENEFITS OF PARKINSON REHABILITATION SERVICES
Engaging in structured parkinson’s rehabilitation exercises offers a host of benefits that contribute to an improved quality of life:
Enhanced Mobility and Functionality: Parkinson’s disease can gradually diminish muscle strength, flexibility, and coordination, leading to difficulties in movement and daily activities. Rehabilitation interventions, including targeted exercises and specialized therapies, are meticulously designed to improve muscle strength, flexibility, and coordination, resulting in enhanced mobility and the ability to engage in daily activities.
Symptom Management: Parkinson’s disease is characterized by a range of motor symptoms, such as tremors, muscle rigidity, and bradykinesia. Rehabilitation techniques, such as physical exercises and occupational therapies, can help manage specific symptoms like tremors and bradykinesia, leading to better motor control.
Improved Confidence: Dealing with the challenges posed by Parkinson’s disease can often lead to feelings of frustration, helplessness, and a decline in self-confidence. Parkinson’s rehabilitation services focus not only on physical improvement but also on building mental resilience. Learning strategies to navigate daily challenges can boost confidence and restore a sense of control over one’s life.
Emotional Well-being: A diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease can trigger a range of emotional responses, including anxiety, depression, and stress. Rehabilitation centers like Healingbell Healthcare understand the emotional toll of the disease and offer comprehensive counseling and emotional support services addressing emotional challenges, reducing stress, and fostering a positive outlook on life.
Cognitive Stimulation and Mental Agility: Parkinson’s disease can impact cognitive functions such as memory, attention, and problem-solving. Rehabilitation exercises can help individuals maintain cognitive skills, enhance memory retention, and improve overall cognitive resilience, contributing to a more comprehensive and well-rounded approach to managing the disease.
Pain Management: Parkinson’s disease can sometimes lead to muscle stiffness, discomfort, and pain. Rehabilitation techniques, including stretches, massages, and manual therapies, can effectively alleviate muscle tension and reduce pain levels. Moreover, the improvement in overall mobility and flexibility can also contribute to decreased pain and discomfort, allowing individuals to engage in daily activities with less physical strain and discomfort.
Medication Optimization: Rehabilitation programs work in tandem with medical treatments. Engaging in regular exercise and therapies can enhance the effectiveness of Parkinson’s medications. By improving muscle strength, balance, and coordination, individuals may experience better absorption and distribution of medication, leading to more consistent symptom control and improved overall well-being.
Long-Term Independence: One of the primary goals of rehabilitation parkinson’s disease is to empower individuals to maintain their independence for as long as possible. By acquiring the necessary skills, strategies, and tools through rehabilitation programs, individuals can continue to perform daily activities and engage in social interactions without the need for constant assistance. This sense of autonomy not only enhances the individual’s quality of life but also alleviates the burden on caregivers and family members.
WHY CHOOSE HEALINGBELL HEALTHCARE FOR PARKINSON REHABILITATION SERVICES IN BANGALORE?
Healingbell Healthcare must be considered for Parkinson rehabilitation services in Bangalore because:
Expert Multidisciplinary Team: Our Parkinson’s rehab center boasts a team of highly skilled and experienced professionals, including physiotherapists, occupational therapists, speech therapists, and counselors, all of whom specialize in Parkinson’s rehabilitation.
Tailored Treatment Plans: Recognizing that each individual’s journey with Parkinson’s is unique, we create personalized treatment plans that address specific challenges and goals.
State-of-the-Art Facility: Healingbell Healthcare is equipped with the latest technology and rehabilitation equipment, ensuring that patients receive the best possible care and outcomes.
Holistic Approach: We believe in treating the whole person, not just the symptoms. Our holistic approach encompasses physical, emotional, and mental well-being.
Compassionate Care: At Healingbell Healthcare, we prioritize compassionate and patient-centered care, providing a supportive and nurturing environment throughout rehabilitation.


Dr Catherine Harter
I am a Clinical Psychologist, Clinical Paediatric Neuropsychologist and Chartered Psychologist. I am registered with the Health Care Professions Council, The British Psychological Society and am on the Division of Neuropsychology Specialist Register in Clinical Neuropsychology (SRCN).
I obtained a first class honours degree in Psychology (University of London), A PhD in autism research (University of Cambridge) and have attained specialist clinical qualifications including a Doctorate in Clinical Psychology and Diploma in Paediatric Neuropsychology (both University of London). I have completed the Qualification in Paediatric Neuropsychology (British Psychological Society). Prior to working in the NHS, I worked in research, in the field of autism and rare genetic conditions. My areas of expertise include neuropsychological assessment and remediation (helping to improve specific difficulties) including dyslexia, dyscalculia, and concerns relating to academic attainments, acquired brain injuries and learning disabilities. I have been trained on the Autism Diagnostic Observation Scale (ADOS) and the Autism Diagnostic Interview (ADI). I am able to offer Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) and behavioural interventions.
I am experienced working with individuals with autism spectrum disorders, particularly diagnosis and management; and working with individuals with other neurodevelopmental difficulties including ADHD, Tourette syndrome, learning difficulties and disabilities. I have worked within NHS Neuro-oncology clinics, specialist neurodevelopmental services (Aspergers, ADHD, genetic conditions), child mental health clinics and a Paediatric Neuropsychological Rehabilitation Service. I am able to supervise NHS clinicians and am on the Register of Applied Psychology Practice Supervisors (RAPPS).


Reflexology is a gentle therapy but it is also very powerful, making it a wonderful therapy before, during and after Pregnancy.Its ability to quickly induce a feeling of deep relaxation helps to reduce stress and anxiety and this is very helpful in any condition where pain is present. < p strong>Pregnancy is a wonderful time but it can bring uncomfortable aches and pains. I specialise in helping women relieve pain and discomfort during their pregnancies. I can help pregnant women in 3 ways;
- Reduce symptoms such as nausea, back-ache, swollen ankles, stress and anxiety. Using Reflexology, you can get significant relief from many of the discomforts of pregnancy. Swelling, heartburn, constipation and many others, even debilitating conditions such as Symphisis Pubis Dysfunction and Carpal Tunnel Syndrome, can all be managed.
- Shorten your labour. Studies* have shown that women who have regular reflexology treatments during pregnancy have far shorter labours than those who don’t, (on average, two thirds shorter with an average first stage labour of 5 hours, compared to textbook figures of 16 to 24 hours), with subjects often requiring less pain-relief during the course of delivery.
- Help you to recover quickly after delivery. Post-natally, reflexology can help balance the body back to a non-pregnant state. It is helpful in many areas and can help with breastfeeding; encouraging good flow, and helping with engorgement and mastitis problems. It is particularly helpful with postnatal depression and can be very beneficial in dealing with fatigue, stress and anxiety issues.


All Missourians deserve access to quality health care, but Medicaid spending continues to consume a large and ever-increasing portion of our state’s budget. Our schools are underfunded and our roads and bridges are neglected because of the colossal cost of Medicaid. Medicaid already consumes more than one-third of the state's $24 billion budget, and expanding it would cost Missouri an additional $1.6 billion. Despite spending billions of dollars on Medicaid, it still leaves 300,000 uninsured Missourians in what is called a "coverage gap". Medicaid expansion is unworkable, unaffordable, and we are not going to do it. As governor, I will instead support Medicaid reforms as charging Medicaid patients for missed appointments.
My administration will focus on healthcare solutions like funding Federally Qualified Health Clinics (FQHCs), which would provide quality healthcare access to all Missourians, including those who live in rural areas. These clinics serve patients in medically underserved areas regardless of their ability to pay, based on a sliding scale. All Missourians should have equal access to quality healthcare, and as governor I will fight to deliver healthcare to all Missourians, urban and rural. As governor, I will also support legislation that allows remote treatment through the use of modern technology in order to improve service for underserved rural areas.
I will continue to stand up to federal overreach in our healthcare system and fight against the expansion of Obamacare. Missouri healthcare under Obamacare is unworkable and hurting Missouri families. Obamacare continues to be troubled as evidenced by the increase in premiums for Obamacare marketplace subscribers and the recent announcement of another major insurer (United Healthcare) dropping out of the marketplace. In 2010, was the first person in Missouri to file a private lawsuit fighting the constitutionality of Obamacare, and was joined by lawmakers in more than 20 states. Rather than punish hardworking uninsured Missourians with unnecessary Obamacare fines, I'll fight to fund FQHCs that will provide quality healthcare for all Missourians.
I also support reforming our healthcare system through expanding the role of nurse practitioners and physician assistants. Missouri continues to suffer from a physician shortage in many counties, especially in the rural areas of the state. We are currently among one of the most restrictive states in terms of restrictions on nurse practitioners. By expanding the role of nurse practitioners and physician assistants, we can expand access to affordable and quality health care for more Missourians.


High Rock Landing proudly facilitated the successful development of Phase 1 of the hospital and will continue to carry out the vision with all current and future development at Health City.
January 28, 2013
Health City Cayman Islands received the first ever approval for a Planned Area Development (PAD) in the Cayman Islands on 28th January 2013. The approval of the PAD sets the development standards specifically for Health City, replacing the general standards.
February 22, 2013
Construction commences on the new development of Health City Cayman Islands Hospital on 22nd February 2013. The 107,000 SF facility takes only 12 months to be completed thanks to a team of some 40 construction workers.
February 25, 2014
Nearly three-and-a-half years after a memorandum of understanding was signed by the government and heart surgeon Dr. Devi Shetty’s Narayana Health of India, Health City Cayman Islands celebrated its grand opening on 25th February 2014.
June 22, 2017
June 2017 - Construction commences on Parrot Ridge.
August 24, 2017
August 2017 - Construction commences on Heron Place.