PVC Coated 7X7 Galvanized Steel Wire Rope 6mm
|FOB Price:||US $1,463 / Ton|
|Min. Order:||1 Ton|
|Min. Order||FOB Price|
|1 Ton||US $1,463/ Ton|
|Payment Terms:||L/C, T/T, D/P, Western Union, Paypal, Money Gram|
- Model NO.: WIRE ROPE
- Cross Sectional Shape: Round
- Type: Galvanized
- Surface Treatment: Electro Galvanized
- Status: In Hard State
- Size: All
- Core: FC/Irwc
- Transport Package: Wooden Reel or Plastic Spools
- Origin: Jimo
- Material: Iron Wire
- Application: Cages
- Wide in Width: 1.1M
- Metal Wire Drawing: Hot Drawing
- Thickness: Metal Fiber
- Market: Global
- Trademark: TY
- Specification: 6mm, 7mm, 10mm...
- HS Code: 73121000
|01||Name||PVC Coated Steel Wire Rope|
|04||Diameter Range||From 1.0mm to 12.0mm|
|07||Surface treatment||PVC coated|
|09||Tensile Strength||1670N/mm2, 1770N/mm2,1960N/mm2|
|10||Lay direction||R. H. O. L or L. H. O. L|
|11||Packing detail||Plywood reel+Pallet|
|12||Characteristics||Good corrosion-resistance , well resistant against wear|
Specifications and Marks can be produced according to customers 'requirements
Primary competitive advantages: Quality assurance, reasonable prices, service country of origin, experience technical staff, excellent product performance
How to order:
1.Size: Diameter of the rope in millimeter or inches
2.Construction: Number of strands, number of wires per strand and type of strand construction.
3.Coating: Bright(ungalvanized), galvanized or stainless, PVC or Grease.
4.Type of Core: Fiber core( FC), independent wire rope core(IWRC) or independent wire strand core(IWSC).
5.Length: Length of wire rope.
6.Lay: Right regular lay, left regular lay, right lang lay, left lang lay.
7.Packing: In coils wrapped with oil paper and hessian(orp.p) cloth, or on wooden reels.
8.Grade of wire: Tensile strength of wires.
9.Quantity: By number of coils or reels, by length or weight.
10.Lubrication: Whether lubrication is desired or not, and required lubricant.
11.Purpose: For which rope will be used.
12.Breaking Load: Minimum or calculated breaking load in tones or pounds.
13.Remarks: Shipping marks and any other special requirement
14. Payment term: 30% advance. for the balance should be paid after see the copy of B/L;100% L/C at sight.


If you were seriously injured, remember that it is crucial to choose the right law firm to represent your interests. We have been doing this for more than three decades, and have the resources you need to challenge any opponent.
Asbestos (pronounced or ) is a set of six naturally occurring silicate minerals which all have in common their eponymous asbestiform habit: long (roughly 1:20 aspect ratio), thin fibrous crystals, with each visible fiber composed of millions of microscopic “fibrils” that can be released by abrasion and other processes. They are commonly known by their colors, as “blue asbestos”, “brown asbestos”, “white asbestos”, and so on. Asbestos mining began more than 4,000 years ago, but did not start large-scale until the end of the 19th century when manufacturers and builders used asbestos because of its desirable physical properties: sound absorption, average tensile strength, its resistance to fire, heat, electrical and chemical damage, and affordability. It was used in such applications as electrical insulation for hotplate wiring and in building insulation. When asbestos is used for its resistance to fire or heat, the fibers are often mixed with cement or woven into fabric or mats. These desirable properties made asbestos a very widely used material, and its use continued to grow throughout most of the 20th century until the carcinogenic effects of asbestos dust caused its effective demise as a mainstream construction and fireproofing material in most countries. However around 2 million tons of Asbestos were still mined per year as of 2009, half in Russia. It is now known that prolonged inhalation of asbestos fibers can cause serious and fatal illnesses including malignant lung cancer, mesothelioma, and asbestosis (a type of pneumoconiosis). Health issues related to asbestos exposure can be found in records dating back to Roman times. By the beginning of the 20th century concerns were beginning to be raised, which escalated in severity during the 1920s and 1930s. By the 1980s and 1990s asbestos trade and use started to become banned outright, phased out, or heavily restricted in an increasing number of countries. The severity of asbestos-related diseases, the material’s extremely widespread use in many areas of life, its continuing long term use after harmful health effects were known or suspected, and fact that asbestos-related diseases can emerge decades after exposure ceases, have resulted in asbestos litigation becoming the longest, most expensive mass tort in U.S. history and a significant legal issue in many other countries. Asbestos-related liability also remains an ongoing concern for many manufacturers, insurers and reinsurers.


It is also possible to buy our hemp fabrics as a company. Our hemp fabrics are 100% organically grown, harvested and manufactured on European soil.
Hemp is known as the most eco friendly crop. It uses less water, less land and minimal to no pesticides to grow and harvest when compared to other widely used crops for fibers. Therefore it leaves the smallest ecological footprint on our planet.
Properties of hemp fabrics
Hemp fabrics can be used to create any textile product. It is a great alternative to the most commonly used fabrics such as cotton. Hemp fabrics are:
- Strong and very durable
- Feels soft and natural
- Absorbs water
- It breathes so it’s perfectly suited for summer clothing or bedding
Dyeing - All of our fabrics are exclusively dyed with environmental positive dyes. No chemical bases for dyes, and all finishing is done with consideration to the ecological side effects of the process.
Request a sample pack
If you are interested in purchasing our fabrics, please contact us at info@hmplb and request a sample pack (€14,95).


Merida’s Veledo leather flooring tiles combine the luxurious aesthetic of leather with the durability of a hard surface. Veledo is made of recycled leather from European mills; this sustainable flooring is an elegant way to convey luxury and exclusivity. A range of natural colors and textures offer a variety of ways to make a unique and lasting impression.
Veledo leather flooring may be used in high-end retail stores, boutique hospitality projects, residential design, corporate offices, design showrooms, and restaurants, bars, and lounges.
If you would like to consider including Veledo Recycled Leather flooring in your project or home please contact us for samples and to find showrooms near you.
Phone: (800) 345-2200
View our installation video of Veledo Recycled Leather flooring.


About BEFIB 2016
About the Conference
The conference is intended for a world-wide audience of researchers and practitioners with backgrounds in structural and/or materials engineering. It includes structural and construction engineers, builders and building consultants, construction industry personnel, academics, researchers, students, product manufacturers, material suppliers, project managers and contract administrators, asset managers, government infrastructure authorities and others.
|Submission of 200-word abstracts||Extended to Oct 15, 2015|
|Acceptance notification to authors||Extended to Oct 30, 2015|
|Submission of full draft manuscripts||Extended to Feb 15, 2016|
|Acceptance notification to authors||April 30, 2016|
|Submission of final manuscripts||May 30, 2016|


Welcome to the Filler Research Group at the Georgia Institute of Technology!
We are a multidisciplinary team of scientists and engineers that seeks to dramatically advance the structural complexity and function of nanoscale materials. In pursuit of this goal, we are pioneering the application of in-situ spectroscopic techniques to interrogate the fundamental processes that govern the bottom-up synthesis of these materials, particularly inorganic semiconductor nanowires, and their resultant properties. These studies are laying the atomic-level chemical foundation necessary to rationally manipulate growth mechanisms such that structure can be robustly engineered at multiple length scales. We subsequently use this information to design novel materials with applications in fields such as energy conversion, electronics, and photonics.


China National Building Material Group Corporation, China's largest building materials manufacturer, plans to expand its overseas sales volume to 50 percent of its total business to meet the increasing demand from overseas markets.
The parent company of Hong Kong-listed China National Building Material Co (CNBM) will accelerate the development of overseas business to 50-percent proportion from the current 30 percent in five years, the company chairman Song Zhiping said.
"The company will speed up the construction of cement production lines in developing countries in South Asia, Middle East and Africa, and promote high-value added products such as glass fiber in European and American market," he said.
The company's sales revenue reached 36 billion yuan by August this year, up 32 percent compared with the same period last year, according to Song.
Building material sales in the country rose 16 percent in the first half of this year, compared to the same period last year.
"CNBM's overseas expansion is in line with the company's internationalized strategy and the trend of growing demand in cement sector from other developing countries," said Pu Zhongdong, analyst, Guohai Securities.
"Some Chinese companies such as Sinoma International Engineering Corporation did a very good job in building cement production lines in developing countries by combining multiple advantages of China's advanced technology and cheap labor force," said Pu.


Brass is a metal alloy of copper and zinc. Known for its durability and workability, brass has been used for centuries — the first example of brass jewelry dates from ancient Rome. Our favorite part? Aside from how good it looks, brass is sustainable! Today almost 90% of all brass in the world is recycled.
An affordable alternative to gold, brass allows us to produce statement pieces that have a luxurious look and feel, at accessible prices. We use solid brass, ensuring that every piece we make is a long-lasting heirloom. Since we don’t use plating over a base metal, our products are easy to clean, and you don’t need to worry about the color wearing off.
All of our cow-horn products are crafted from the horn of Ankole Longhorn cattle, a breed native to the Rift Valley of East Africa. Soko artisans ethically procure this recycled material, which is a byproduct of the food industry, from nomadic tribes in Kenya and Uganda. Reclaimed horn has gorgeous natural variation in its color, so every piece is individual as a result and can range from a dark lustrous black to striated natural tones.
Remove jewelry before participating
in physical activity or going to bed.
Store your jewelry in a cloth bag
away from natural sunlight and heat.
For brass: use a gentle metal polisher and a
soft cloth to remove tarnish and restore luster.
Our materials don't mix well with moisture.
Avoid contact with water, lotion and perfume.
Since brass is a natural alloy it will gradually patina over time with exposure to oxygen and moisture. If you prefer a bright sheen, this effect can be achieved with a quick polish. All of our pieces can be polished with a brass cleaner (we use Brasso) and a soft cloth or paper towel. To clean using ingredients you may already have at home, mix lemon juice and baking soda into a paste, rub onto surface with a cloth, then rinse off and buff dry to a shine. To care for your horn jewelry, avoid exposure to excessive moisture or sunlight. Wipe clean with a soft cloth.


Anodizing is an Electrolytic process through which a layer of oxide is produced on the surface of the part to improve the properties of corrosion resistance. It improves adhesion properties of bonding, wear and tear resistance. Anodizing can be done on highly corrosive metals and the anodizing process creates an oxide on the surface of the part which prevents the metals from corroding. Based on the characteristic of a metal, different types of aqueous solutions are used. Anodizing on Aluminum and Aluminum alloys are done with Tartaric Sulphuric Acid or Chromic Acid whereas for Steel and Titanium metal parts, anodizing is done with Boric or Sulphuric Acid.
To improve the traceability of the part/product and to make the metal active and to bring the grains on the surface, Etching is carried out on the parts. Marking is done through either chemical or non- chemical means like electro chemical etch marking, ink jet marking, marking with pens and Tagging on to Steel, Aluminum and Aluminum Alloy products and precise etching is done from a mixed acids on Titanium parts.
To improve the corrosion resistant property and for aesthetic, Moly Coat and Painting is done either using solvent based paint or water based paint. Application of paint can be done using conventional spray or electrostatic or electrophoretic processes. Once the painting of the part or product is carried out, it is marked for with a batch number for traceability.
Passivation and Salt Spray are standardized and popular corrosion test methods, used to check corrosion resistance of materials and surface coatings. Once the passivation is done by using a light coat of a protective material, such as metal oxide which creates a shell, it has to then undergo a corrosive attack in order to evaluate (mostly comparatively) the suitability of the coating for use as a protective finish. This corrosive attack is done by a Salt Spray test and the appearance of corrosion products (rust) is evaluated after a pre-determined period of time. Test duration depends on the corrosion resistance of the coating; generally, the more corrosion resistant the coating is, the longer the period of testing before the appearance of corrosion/ rust.
NADCAP accredited Cadmium Plating is a robust and versatile metal coating process which is widely accepted in the Aerospace industry. Some of the main functions of Plating are to decorate objects, for corrosion inhibition, to improve solderability, to harden, to improve wearability, to reduce friction, to improve paint adhesion, to alter conductivity, to improve IR reflectivity, and for radiation shielding.
Imparting residual compressive stresses in the surface layers of metallic components is one of the ways to improve their fatigue strength characteristics. Shot peening is employed for imparting residual stresses by means of cold work by shooting tiny steel balls on the surface from a certain height with pressure to enhance the compressive strength of the material. In this process compressive stress is induced to considerably reduce the risk of fatigue cracks during this operation.


मुख्य Journal of Hazardous Materials Photocatalytic properties of nano-structured TiO2-carbon films obtained by means of electrophoretic..
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Journal of Hazardous Materials 147 (2007) 588–593 Photocatalytic properties of nano-structured TiO2-carbon films obtained by means of electrophoretic deposition J.M. Peralta-Hernández a , J. Manrı́quez a , Y. Meas-Vong a , Francisco J. Rodrı́guez a , Thomas W. Chapman a , Manuel I. Maldonado b , Luis A. Godı́nez a,∗ a Electrochemistry Department, Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico en Electroquı́mica, Parque Tecnológico Querétaro Sanfandila, Pedro Escobedo, 76703 Querétaro, México b Plataforma Solar de Almerı́a-CIEMAT, Crta. Senés s/n, Tabernas, Almerı́a 04200, Spain Received 12 October 2006; received in revised form 12 January 2007; accepted 15 January 2007 Available online 19 January 2007 Abstract Recent studies have shown that the light-absorption and photocatalytic efficiencies of TiO2 can be improved by coupling TiO2 nano-particles with nonmetallic dopants, such as carbon. In this paper, we describe the electrophoretic preparation of a novel TiO2 -carbon nano-composite photocatalyst on a glass indium thin oxide (ITO) substrate. The objective is to take better advantage of the (e− /h+ ) pair generated by photoexcitation of semiconducting TiO2 particles. The transfer of electrons (e− ) into adjacent carbon nano-particles promotes reduction of oxygen to produce • hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) which, in the presence of iron ions, can subsequently form hydroxyl radicals ( OH) via the Fenton reaction. At the • • + same time, OH is formed from water by the (h ) holes in the TiO2 . Thus, the OH oxidant is produced by two routes. The efficiency of this photolytic-Fenton process was tested with a model organic compound, Orange-II (OG-II) azo dye, which is employed in the textile industry. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Keywords: Hydrogen peroxide; Nano-composite; Orange-II; Photocatalysis; Fenton • 1. Introduction Heterogeneous photocatalysis for water-treatment technologies has attracted the attention of many research groups around the world . Among advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), photocatalytic treatment offers a capability for destroying • organic contaminants by oxidation with hydroxyl radicals ( OH) that are generated under mild conditions [2,3]. The best-known photocatalyst is titanium dioxide (TiO2 ). The band-gap value of anatase TiO2 is around 3.2 eV, which enables UV light of wavelengths smaller than 400 nm to activate the catalyst . The mechanism of photocatalysis involves the promotion of an electron (e− ) from the valence band (VB) into the conduction band (CB) of the semiconducting oxide, creating a hole (h+ ) in the VB according to Eq. (1). TiO2 + hν → ∗ e− cb + h+ vb Corresponding author. Tel.: +52 442 2116006; fax: +52 442 2116007. E-mail address: email@example.com (L.A. Godı́nez). URL: http://www.cideteq.mx (L.A. Godı́nez). 0304-3894/$ – see front matter © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2007.01.053 (1) In water, this process is followed by the formation of OH at the semiconductor surface as well as direct oxidation of organic compounds (R), according to the following reactions : + • h+ vb + H2 O → OH + H (2) − • h+ vb + OH → OHad (3) + h+ vb + Rad → R (4) Meanwhile, the electrons that are promoted to the CB can react with electron acceptors, such as oxygen, present in the solution : •− e− cb + O2 → O2 (5) In recent years, many studies have been made in order to improve the catalytic efficiency of TiO2 . The addition of other materials, for example carbon, has been of interest because this material can promote the adsorption of organic compounds to be transformed [6,7]. The effect of carbon on the photocatalytic efficiency of TiO2 has been tested [8,9], and improved photocatalytic effectiveness has been reported by several authors J.M. Peralta-Hernández et al. / Journal of Hazardous Materials 147 (2007) 588–593 589 Fig. 1. Schematic diagram of the mechanism for the photocatalytic action of nano-structured TiO2 -carbon films on an organic target molecule. Direct oxidation occurs on the semiconductor, while electrons are transferred from the TiO2 particles to the Vulcan carbon particle, forming peroxide by oxygen reduction, and promoting the Fenton reaction in solution. [10–12]. Other workers have found that the recombination of holes and electrons, the major cause of inefficiency, can be retarded by applying a small positive potential to the TiO2 , and consequently the degradation of organic compounds through photoelectrocatalysis is enhanced . According to research done by Egerton and Christensen , the method of preparation of the electrodes is the most important determinant factor for controlling the photocatalyst activity [15–17]. In this work, we report a preliminary study in which two approaches to water treatment are combined, photocatalysis and Fenton’s reaction, which involves the homogeneous conver• sion of peroxide to OH. Vulcan carbon has been incorporated with nanoscale TiO2 particles in a mixed surface film, resulting in a nano-structured composite TiO2 -carbon photocatalyst for oxidative wastewater treatment. The overall reaction scheme is illustrated in Fig. 1. The electrons ejected by UV illumination to the CB can reduce dissolved oxygen (ORR) on the carbon surface to produce hydrogen peroxide. Ferrous ion in solution subsequently catalyzes the conversion of peroxide to • • OH, an effective oxidant. At the same time OH is also produced directly from water by the holes in the semiconductor. With this scheme, we hope to enhance the degradation of organic compounds present in the water. In this study, the efficacy of the composite photocatalyst is tested by observing the decolorization of Orange-II (OG-II) azo dye as a model organic compound. solutions described in this work were prepared using water type I, according to ASTM-D1193-991 . Cyclic voltammetry (CV) experiments were performed using a BAS-Zahner IM6 potentiostat/galvanostat in a three-electrode cell. Photocurrent spectroscopy (PS) experiments were made using a quartz cell irradiated with a Xe lamp 6257, 100 W, and a 77250 monochromator (Oriel); this arrangement was calibrated using an Eppley 17043 thermopile. Structural characterization of the films was carried out by X-ray diffraction (XRD) using a Bruker-AXS D8 Advanced diffractometer equipped with a Cu tube for generating Cu K␣ radiation (λ = 1.5406 Å). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of the TiO2 electrode surfaces was carried out using a JEOL-5400LV microscope. The test for H2 O2 production was conducted in 40 mL of a Na2 SO4 solution (0.05 M) adjusted to pH 3 with H2 SO4 . The illumination was provided by a low-pressure mercuryvapor UV lamp (UVP Inc., P = 75 mW/cm2 , λ = 365 nm). The reactor was made of Duran® glass, and the illumination was direct. Hydrogen-peroxide concentration levels in the solution were determined by titration with titanium (IV) oxysulfate [Ti(SO4 )2 ] with spectrophotometric detection at 406 nm . Color changes in the course of the OG-II reaction were followed at λ = 487 nm, using a UV–vis spectrophotometer (Spectronic 20D+ Milton Roy). 2.2. Electrophoretic deposition of nano-structured TiO2 -carbon ﬁlms 2. Materials and methods 2.1. Reagents and instruments Nano-particulate TiO2 (P25, 80% anatase, 20% rutile, average particle diameter 20 nm) was purchased from Degussa, and Vulcan carbon XC-72R (nominal average particle diameter 5 nm) was provided by CABOT. Conductive glass plates, TEC15, coated with SnO2 films doped with indium (ITO), were supplied by Hartford Glass, USA. Analytical grade OG-II dye (C16 H11 N2 NaO4 S) was obtained from Aldrich, and used as received. Na2 SO4 , FeSO4 ·7H2 O, H2 SO4 , and 2-propanol 99.97% obtained from J.T. Baker were of analytical grade. Analytical grade oxygen (99.99%) was obtained from Infra. All Nano-composite electrodes were prepared by electrophoretic deposition (ED) of the particles on the ITO glasses plates immersed in 10 mL of a colloidal suspension (0.5 g P25 TiO2 powder in 5% (v/v) 2-propanol). Various levels of carbon, ranging from 0 to 0.1 g, were used in the synthesis suspension, based on the method previously reported by Wahl and Augustynsky . Accordingly, a 4 V potential difference was applied between a stainless-steel shield, and the negative ITO plate for a period of 40 s at room temperature. The distance between the electrodes was 2 cm. Following a previous report , fresh electrodes were placed in an oven to sinter the nano-composite film in air at 450 ◦ C for 30 min, and they were then characterized by SEM, XRD, CV, and PS. They were then tested with respect to 590 J.M. Peralta-Hernández et al. / Journal of Hazardous Materials 147 (2007) 588–593 Fig. 2. SEM images of (A) ITO surface and films formed by ED, and subsequent sintering at 450 ◦ C for 30 min; (B) TiO2 , and (C) nano-structured TiO2 -carbon films. their photolytic activity for hydrogen-peroxide generation, and for their capacity to oxidize the test organic compound, OG-II. The supported films had a geometric surface of 0.16 cm2 , and a true area of 75 cm2 , as indicated by hydrogen adsorption in CV . 3. Results and discussion 3.1. Structure of the surface ﬁlms Representative SEM images of the experimental surfaces are shown in Fig. 2. Fig. 2A shows the fresh ITO surface. Figs. 2B and C present the films of TiO2 , and the composite TiO2 -carbon films, respectively, both prepared by ED with a deposition time of 40 s, and sintering. The difference between the simple TiO2 film, and that containing carbon suggests the formation of aggregates that we ascribe to carbon particles in the TiO2 film, and both are much rougher than the ITO substrate. Fig. 3 shows the structural characterization done by XRD measurements with a long time scan (10 s) and small steps (0.02◦ in 2θ). Fig. 3A shows a typical XRD spectrum of the pure nano-TiO2 film, exhibiting 2θ diffraction angles between 20 and 50◦ . In this spectrum several principal peaks can be seen at 25.44, 37.92, and 48.16◦ , respectively; which can be assigned to diffraction Fig. 3. XRD patterns of the electrodes deposited on ITO glass plates: (A) TiO2 film without Vulcan carbon nano-particles, and (B) TiO2 -carbon film formed from a 0.005WC –0.5WTiO2 suspension. J.M. Peralta-Hernández et al. / Journal of Hazardous Materials 147 (2007) 588–593 from the (1 0 1), (0 0 4), and (2 0 0) planes of anatase, respectively . Also, another peak appeared in 27.5◦ that can be associated with diffraction from the (1 1 0) plane of rutile. Thus, the film formed by ED of the TiO2 particles retained mainly the anatase structure. Fig. 3B shows the comparable diffraction pattern for a sintered film formed from a suspension containing 0.005 g of C in the 10 mL suspension (denoted Wc /WTiO2 = 0.01). It is seen that the pattern exhibits the same peaks (specially the principal diffraction peak at 25.44◦ , that corresponds to the anatase TiO2 structure), but at the same time it is possible to discern the existence of a new signal around 26◦ , corresponding to the carbon present in the film . With these assays, it is possible to infer that the carbon nano-particles present in the film do not introduce a significant change in the anatase structure. 3.2. Production of H2 O2 from dissolved oxygen The direct synthesis of hydrogen peroxide was tested by immersing the nano-scale TiO2 -carbon structures in 40 mL of an acidic solution (pH 3) containing dissolved oxygen, and illuminating directly the surfaces with UV light at λ = 365 nm. The radiant flux was estimated to be 75 mW/cm2 . The primary objective was to demonstrate the validity of the scheme postulated in Fig. 1, specifically the occurrence of the photolytic oxygen–reduction reaction (ORR) to produce H2 O2 , simultaneously with the reduction of water. The hydrogen peroxide concentration, attained after 60 min of illumination, was measured for films produced with various concentrations of carbon particles in the ED-synthesis suspension. The relevant results, presented in Fig. 4, show the peroxide concentration achieved after 60 min is a function of carbon level. It is seen that the H2 O2 concentration produced with TiO2 nano-particle films containing no carbon was only 1.2 mg/L, but when a low proportion of carbon nano-particles was present, the level of hydrogen peroxide increased by as much as 50%, achieving the value of 1.8 mg/L of H2 O2 . On the other hand, as the carbon level increased further, the peroxide concentration decreased, and fell below the pure-TiO2 value. Presumably, this decrease results because an excess of carbon ultimately reduces the photocatalytic properties of the TiO2 nano-particle. With too much carbon present, 591 Fig. 4. Concentration of H2 O2 produced after 60 min of photocatalytic reaction on the nano-structured TiO2 -carbon surface as a function of the carbon-TiO2 ratio in the deposition suspension, pH 3. The UV light was supplied at λ = 365 nm, and P = 75 mW/cm2 . the light cannot penetrate adequately the TiO2 lattice, and the photocatalytic charge separation is no longer possible. Based on Fig. 4, the best proportion of carbon in the ED process was WC /WTiO2 = 0.01. This condition was used for the subsequent tests. 3.3. Photocurrent spectroscopy and band-gap estimation Action spectra for the TiO2 films without carbon, and for TiO2 -carbon nano-structured films formed by ED (WC /WTiO2 = 0.01) at 40 s deposition time were determined in aqueous solution of NaSO4 (0.05 M) adjusted to pH 3 with H2 SO4 . The incident-photon-to-current efficiency (IPCE) was calculated using the following relationship : IPCE(%) = 1240 × jph λ × φ0 (6) where jph corresponds to the photocurrent density (A/cm2 ), λ is the incident photon wavelength (nm), and φ0 is the incident photon flux (W/m2 ). The resulting IPCE versus λ curves are shown in Fig. 5A, where it is seen that the absorption region begins around 400 nm (that is, 3.0 eV, related to electron excitation of the TiIII -H2 O doping sites) in close agreement with earlier reports [25–27]. Absorption by the carbon-bearing films is shifted to somewhat shorter wavelengths. In order to calculate Fig. 5. Photovoltaic analysis of the semiconductor films: (A) Action spectra of nano-structured TiO2 and TiO2 -carbon electrodes; (B) band-gap estimation for TiO2 , and nano-structured TiO2 -carbon electrodes, according to Eq. (7). 592 J.M. Peralta-Hernández et al. / Journal of Hazardous Materials 147 (2007) 588–593 the band-gap energy values, εg , of the two films, we used the following relationship : (IPCE × hν)1/2 ∝ (hν − εg ) (7) and plotted the data from Fig. 5A as (IPCE × hν)1/2 versus hν. The result is shown in Fig. 5B. According to the form of Eq. (7), the band-gap energies may be estimated from the X-axis intercepts to be 3.0 eV for the TiO2 film, and 3.2 eV for the TiO2 carbon. A possible explanation for this difference may be that the presence of the carbon in the sintered TiO2 film affects the doping density of TiIII within the nano-particulate semiconductor . 3.4. Electrochemical behavior of the compositeTiO2 -carbon ﬁlm on ITO Fig. 7. Photochemical energetics of the TiO2 -carbon nano-structured film. In order to evaluate the photoelectrocatalytic activity of the nano-structured TiO2 -carbon film, and to confirm its ability to promote the (ORR), we performed CV experiments in the dark, and under UV light irradiated at λ = 365 nm. The tests were conducted in an aqueous solution of NaSO4 (0.05 M) adjusted to pH 3 with H2 SO4 and saturated with pure oxygen (O2 ) at atmospheric pressure. Measurements were taken between 0.547 V and −1.03 V versus SCE, and the scan rate was 50 mV/s. The results are shown in Fig. 6. For the simple TiO2 film in the dark (Curve A), one observes essentially no signal with respect to the ORR on the film. With UV illumination, the TiO2 film produced the response shown by Curve B. In this case, we see a cathodic peak at −0.7 V, which corresponds to the ORR on the TiO2 film, with a current reaching about 6.2 mA/cm2 . Using the same conditions we tested the nanocomposite material (TiO2 -carbon). In the dark, very little current was produced, as shown by Curve C. With UV illumination nano-composite TiO2 -carbon film produced the response shown as Curve D. In this case one sees a cathodic current rising to about 8.0 mA/cm2 , which is roughly 50% greater than that obtained with the TiO2 alone. Thus, we may conclude that the composite material is an effective catalyst for the photolytic reduction of oxygen. Fig. 6. Cyclic voltammograms for the TiO2 and TiO2 -carbon electrodes, in aqueous Na2 SO4 (0.05 M) adjusted to pH 3 with H2 SO4 , and saturated with oxygen, in the dark, and under UV illumination at 365 nm. 3.5. Interparticle electron transfer in the nano-structured TiO2 -carbon ﬁlm Fig. 7 depicts the energetic relationships for the TiO2 -carbon material under UV light irradiation, with the photons being absorbed by the TiO2 nano-particle thus yielding (e− /h+ ) pairs. The photogenerated electrons can be injected from the CB of TiO2 to the Vulcan carbon particle because the level of the CB is −0.5 eV versus NHE, and the reduction potential of oxygen for the one-electron reduction is −0.2 eV versus NHE. Since this value is less negative than that of the CB potential of TiO2 , thermodynamic conditions favor the electron transfer from the semiconductor to the carbon particle. 3.6. Photocatalytic oxidation of a model organic compound Fig. 1 suggests that the composite photocatalyst, when combined with ferrous ion in solution, should be able to oxidize species in solution by two simultaneous mechanisms: direct oxidation on the semiconductor by the photo-induced holes, • and oxidation by OH formed from peroxide by the Fenton reaction. This premise was tested by comparing the rate of decol- Fig. 8. Comparison of the fractional removal of color of a solution of aqueous OG-II dye (50 mg/L) versus time for films of TiO2 , and the composite TiO2 carbon material, under UV illumination with addition of 0.01 mM of Fe2+ . The UV light was supplied at λ = 365 nm and P = 75 mW/cm2 . J.M. Peralta-Hernández et al. / Journal of Hazardous Materials 147 (2007) 588–593 orization of OG-II dye in solution (50 mg/L) when exposed to either a simple TiO2 film or the composite TiO2 -carbon film, both exposed to UV light and in the presence of ferrous ion (0.01 mM). As shown in Fig. 8, one obtains with the composite catalyst about 30% removal of color within 2 h, which is more than three times the removal achieved with the simple TiO2 photocatalyst. 4. Conclusions This work presents a preliminary study of nano-structured, composite TiO2 -carbon photocatalysts. According to the results, it is possible to synthesize the composite films by ED. The resulting material was shown to promote photocatalytic oxygen–reduction, and our results indicate that, with an optimal ratio of carbon to TiO2 , it is possible to generate H2 O2 in solution at a level 50% higher than that obtained by TiO2 , without carbon. With respect to the band-gap energies, the action spectra indicate that the value for the composite material formed with Vulcan carbon nano-particles is shifted by −0.2 eV, making possible interparticle electron transfer. Finally, it was shown that the TiO2 -carbon catalyst is more effective than simple TiO2 for photolytic oxidation of an organic compound by combining the photocatalytic oxidation with Fenton’s reaction. Acknowledgments The authors thank the Mexican Council for Science and Technology (CONACyT), and the Council for Science and Technology of Guanajuato (CONCyTEG) for financial support of this work (Grant GTO-04-C02-68). J.M.P.H also acknowledges CONACyT for a graduate fellowship. T.W.C. is a Cooperante supported by U.S. Peace Corps under agreement with CONACyT. References  P.R. Gogate, et al., A review of imperative technologies for wastewater treatment. I. Oxidation technologies at ambient conditions, Adv. Environ. Res. 8 (2004) 501–551.  M.I. Franch, et al., Enhancement of photocatalytic activity of TiO2 by adsorbed aluminium(III), Appl. Catal. B: Environ. 55 (2005) 105– 113.  D. Beydoun, et al., Role of nanoparticles in photocatalysis, J. Nanopart. Res. 1 (1999) 439–458.  A.H.C. Chan, et al., Solar photocatalytic thin film cascade reactor for treatment of benzoic acid containing wastewater, Water Res. 37 (2003) 1125–1135.  J.M. Peralta-Hernández, et al., In situ electrochemical and photoelectrochemical generation of the fenton regent, a potentially important new water treatment, Water Res. 40 (2006) 1754–1762. 593  G. Colón, et al., A novel preparation of high surface area TiO2 nanoparticles from alkoxide precursor and using active carbon as additive, Catal. Today 76 (2002) 91–1001.  G. Colón, et al., Influence of residual carbon on the photocatalytic activity of TiO2 /C samples for phenol oxidation, Appl. Catal. B: Environ. 43 (2003) 163–173.  B. Tryba, et al., Application of TiO2 -mounted activated carbon to the removal of phenol from water, Appl. Catal. B: Environ. 41 (2003) 427–433.  B. Tryba, et al., Hybridization of adsorptivity with photocatalytic activitycarbon-coated anatase, J. Photochem. Photobiol. A: Chem. 167 (2004) 127–135.  M. Janus, et al., New preparation of a carbon-TiO2 photocatalysis by carbonization of n-hexane deposited on TiO2 , Appl. Catal. B: Environ. 52 (2004) 61–67.  J. Matos, et al., Synergy effect in the photocatalytic degradation of phenol on a suspended mixture of titania and activated carbon, Appl. Catal. B: Environ. 18 (1998) 281–291.  J.M. Herrmann, et al., Solar photocatalytic degradation of 4-chlorophenol using the synergistic effect between titania and activated carbon in aqueous suspension, Catal. Today 54 (1999) 255–265.  T.A. Egerton, et al., New TiO2 /C sol–gel electrodes for photoelectrocatalytic degradation of sodium oxalate, Chemosphere 63 (2006) 1203–1208.  T.A. Egerton, P.A. Chritensen, Photoelectrocatalysis processes, in: S. Parsons (Ed.), Advanced Oxidation Processes for Water and Wastewater Treatment, IWA Publishing, London, UK, 2004, pp. 167–184.  H. Hidaka, et al., A mechanistic study of the photoelectrochemical oxidation of organic compounds on a TiO2 /TCO particulate film electrode assembly, J. Photochem. Photobiol. A: Chem. 98 (1996) 73–78.  J.A. Byrne, et al., Photochemistry of oxalate on particulate TiO2 electrodes, J. Electroanal. Chem. 457 (1998) 675–677.  C. He, et al., The enhanced PC and PEC oxidation of formic acid in aqueous solution using a Cu-TiO2 /ITO film, Chemosphere 58 (2005) 381–389.  G.M. Eisenberg, Colorimetric determination of hydrogen peroxide, Ind. Eng. Chem. 15 (1943) 327–328.  A. Wahl, J. Augustinsky, Charge carrier transport in nanostructured anatase TiO2 films assisted by the self-doping of nanoparticles, J. Phys. Chem. B 102 (1998) 7820–7828.  B. O’Regan, M. Grätzel, A low-cost, high-efficiency solar cell based on dye-sensitized colloidal TiO2 films, Nature 353 (1991) 737–740.  H. Pelouchova, et al., Charge transfer reductive doping of single crystal TiO2 anatase, J. Electroanal. Chem. 566 (2004) 73–83.  L. Yangming, et al., Preparation and application of nano-TiO2 catalyst in dye electrochemical treatment, Water SA 32 (2006) 205–209.  N. Keller, et al., Macroscopic carbon nanofibers for use as photocatalyst support, Catal. Today 101 (2005) 323–329.  C.A. Bignozzi, et al., Molecular and supramolecular sensitization of nanocrystalline wide band-gap semiconductors with mononuclear and polynuclear metal complexes, Chem. Soc. Rev. 29 (2000) 87–96.  H. Kozuka, et al., Preparation and photoelectrochemical properties of porous thin films composed of submicron TiO2 particles, Thin Solid Films 358 (2000) 172–179.  F. Cao, et al., Electrical and optical properties of porous nanocrystalline TiO2 films, J. Phys. Chem. B 99 (1995) 11974–11980.  J. Manrı́quez, L.A. Godı́nez, Tuning the structural, electrical and optical properties of Ti(III)-doped nanocrystalline TiO2 films by electrophoretic deposition time, Thin Solid Films 515 (2007) 3402–3413.  J.D. Kim, et al., Effect of hydrogen on stresses in anodic oxide film on titanium, Electrochim. Acta 48 (2003) 1123–1130.


This work investigates the physicochemical properties and in vitro accuracy of a genetically engineered drug-delivery system based on elastin-like block recombinamers. The DNA recombinant techniques allowed us to create this smart complex polymer containing bioactive sequences for internalization, lysosome activation under acidic pH, and blockage of cellular growth by a small peptide inhibitor. The recombinant polymer reversibly self-assembled when the temperature was increased above 15 °C into nanoparticles with a diameter of 72 nm and negative surface charge. Furthermore, smart nanoparticles were shown to enter in the cells via clathrin-dependent endocytosis and properly blocked phosphorylation and consequent activation of Akt kinase. This system provoked apoptosis-mediated cell death in breast and colorectal cancer cells, which possess higher expression levels of Akt, whereas noncancerous cells, such as endothelial cells, fibroblasts, and mesenchymal stem cells, were not affected. Hence, we conclude that the conformational complexity of this smart elastin-like recombinamer leads to achieving successful drug delivery in targeted cells and could be a promising approach as nanocarriers with bioactive peptides to modulate multiple cellular processes involved in different diseases.


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Denver, CO 80205
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Plastic Tubing Extrusions
Flexible and rigid tube extrusion manufacturing is our specialty! Based in Colorado, Universal Plastics has provided extruded plastic tubing in various sizes (including metric), and materials for more than 30 years. We extrude a wide range of materials. Because of our ample manufacturing facility, we have many colors and materials in stock for immediate use and shorter lead times.
We manufacture parts for the following industries in a wide variety of extrusion plastic materials:
Streamline your production and save on downtime and costs for your extruded tubing products by using Universal's secondary operations that include winding, coiling, custom cutting and special packaging.
Our extrusion lines are capable of tubing with an inner diameter (ID) of .125” and outer diameter (OD) of 3”.
Universal Plastics has experience making:
Universal Plastics ships worldwide.
Simplify your project, contact Universal Plastics, Inc. for the latest in today’s extrusion technologies.


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Merino / Hemp Blend Stripe Jersey - Wave
$5.50 USD $22.00 per metre ( $5.50 USD per 1/4 metre)
// A deadstock lightweight merino/poly/hemp single jersey in a wave blue stripe. The fabric has been knitted in an alternating plain blue and marle blue stripe. The hemp content gives this fabric a hazy marle fleck effect with slubs throughout. A matt fabric with an almost-opaque finish. This knitted fabric has a soft, warm hand feel and natural, mechanical stretch. The added polyester content gives this versatile fabric increased durability and performance over time. Merino wool is a soft hypoallergenic fibre with unique thermal properties that is easy care (machine washable). It is ideal for a wide range of fashion garments, sportswear, childrenswear and baby products.


- Swiveling anchorage loop with carabiner
- 6 ft (1.8 m) 3/4 in (19 mm) Dyneema® fibre and polyester web lifeline
- Self-locking snap hook on lifeline
- Compact, lightweight design
- Durable, impact-resistant thermoplastic housing
- Quick activating speed-sensing brake system
- High capacity external energy absorber and impact indicator
- Length: 6'
Lifeline Length: 6'
Lifeline Material: Polyester/Web
Swivel or Stationary: Swivel
Unit Connector: Carabiner
Unit Connector Material: Steel
Lifeline Connector: Snap Hook
Lifeline Connector Material: Steel
CSA Certification: Type 1


This is an image of the frisket film used in painting "Laid to Rust." I've also included two other materials used in painting the artwork. The object in the lower left is a natural sponge. I used this to add texture to the dried grass area under the car. I simply dipped the moist sponge in the grass colored paint and lightly dabbed it onto the surface. The object in the lower right corner is a commercially made texture shield (template). I held this up to the surface and using the airbrush sprayed paint onto the shield to produce some of the rust texture on the car.


Jun 20, 2020
Its regular laminates that have been specially treated with a silver based anti-microbial agent. It is durable and does not wear off with use. You can clean the film and it remains effective. It is safe and silver has been used for centuries in medical applications and to help protect foods from spoiling.
Anti Microbial Film Frequently Asked Questions:
What is Anti Microbial Film?
Anti Microbial Film is a thermal lamination film that is enhanced with the antimicrobial protection of Agion Technologies. Anti Microbial Film helps to prevent the growth of bacteria, molds, mildews, and fungi.
What should I know about bacteria?
We are surrounded by a multitude of microscopic organisms. One bacterium can reproduce a million times in just one hour. Some bacteria can survive on documents for months. Anti Microbial Film was specifically developed to effectively control against the growth of unwanted microorganisms on laminated documents.
Who needs Anti Microbial Film?
Individuals working in medical and scientific settings, restaurants and food service, schools or other settings are especially concerned about bacteria. In environments such as these, individuals must use extra care to ensure that contamination sources are controlled. Anti Microbial Film provides an added line of defense against the growth of unwanted bacteria.
How does it work?
Anti Microbial Film incorporated Agion’s silver based antimicrobial agent. When microorganisms are exposed to the antimicrobial agent, the lifecycle processes of the organism are interrupted, and the organism’s reproductive capabilities are affected.
Is Anti Microbial Film safe?
Yes it is. Studies have show Agion’s antimicrobial agent to be less toxic than table salt. Silver, the antimicrobial agent that is used in Anti Microbial Film has been used for centuries in medical applications and to protect various food products from spoilage. Today, silver is used to control bacteria growth in extremely susceptible medical environment such as burn wards and on “in body” medical devices.
How long will the Anti Microbial Film protection last on my laminated document?
Current testing suggests that the active Agion antimicrobial in Anti Microbial Film will not wear off with cleaning or use. In fact, under normal conditions, the laminated piece will most likely wear out or become outdated before the active antimicrobial becomes ineffective.
Will Anti Microbial Film protect me from illness?
NO IT WILL NOT, Agion antimicrobial are EPA registered as a preservative and bacteriostatic agent. Under EPA regulations, the antimicrobial may be incorporated into Anti Microbial Film for the sole purpose of protecting the laminated article from the spread of unwanted bacteria, fungi, mold, and mildew. Anti Microbial Film reduces the likelihood that the bacteria will grow on the laminated surface.
Will Anti Microbial Film contribute to the development of resistant bacteria?
No. Anti Microbial Film with Agion’s antimicrobial agent is completely inorganic and has not been linked to the adaptive resistance seen with organic materials like antibiotics.
What organisms will Anti Microbial Film kill?
The EPA prohibits listing specific health claims that indicate which microorganisms Agion’s antimicrobial agent will kill. Agion’s antimicrobial agent has been shown to be effective against a broad spectrum of many common bacteria typically found in food services, hospitals and clinics, dental offices, schools, and day care facilities.
Is Anti Microbial Film More expensive than standard laminating Films?
Yes, the added benefits of Anti Microbial Film are at a higher price. If maintaining a hygienic environment is important, the added cost of Anti Microbial Film far outweigh the additional expense.
Anti Microbial films come in 1.5 mil Delustered for use on 1 or 2 sided applications, such as menus, magazine covers, book covers, posters, documents, and any application where you want a dull finish.
The Polyester based films come in 1.5 mil, 3 mil and 5 mil thickness in a gloss finish. Theses films are designed for 2 sided applications and can be flush trimmed or have a sealed border on them. Ideal uses are for menus, brochures, posters, charts, hospitals, daycare facilities, signage or anywhere that has a high tough point.
Please contact us for more information:
Source: R&M Trade laminating


English Bridle Leather
The Alien Gear Leather Gun Belt is both comfortable and strong, using drum dyed English Bridle leather hand cut to the specifications of the customer. This type of gun belt leather ages well over time and will provide you and your handgun with plenty of proper support. Our gun belts are cut to the standard 1.5” width.
Embedded between the two layers of English Bridle leather is a strong spring-steel core. This durable, flexible material will provide you with a gun belt that will offer the strong support your pistol or revolver requires. Your steel reinforced leather gun belt will never sag under the weight of your gun. Pair this gun belt with a ‘Cloak Tuck 3.0’ IWB holster and conceal the strength of steel.
Military Grade Thread (Tex 270)
Our gun belt craftsmen use ultra-thick polyester thread to stitch the premium leather belt layers together. This prevents the gun belt layers from separating over time, while also adding a sleek appeal to the handgun belt.
Corrosion Resistant Gun Belt Hardware
This nickel-plated roller belt buckle allows the belt to effortlessly ‘roll’ through your buckle without damaging the gun belt. Couple this with a pair of sturdy snaps, and you’ve got yourself a good gun belt.
Triple Edge Belt Finish
To give a smooth and uniform finish to each Alien Gear gun belt, a select group of skilled craftsmen bevel, burnish and paint the edges of each premium Alien Gear Gun Belt ideal for open or concealed carry. The Triple Edge Finishing process also protects the leather from a variety of daily hardships.
Double Layered Gun Belt
Twice the leather means twice the gun belt strength. Every Alien Gear Gun Belt is made with two 7 oz. layers of English Bridle leather, which will provide your firearm with the support it deserves. Our gun belts are approximately ¼” thick.


Recycling Resources for the Shenango River Watershed
2023 Recycling Opportunities
Shenango River Watchers hosts an annual Tire Recycling program on the Saturday of Memorial Day weekend every May. Check our current Calendar of Events for more information.
- Mercer – Lawrence Counties Backyard Composting Guide
- Vermicomposting / Worm Bin Composting Information
Pennsylvania’s Covered Device Recycling Act states that effective in January, 2013, landfills may no longer accept electronics. These items must be recycled. Items included in this disposal ban are televisions, computers (including monitors, keyboards, mice, printers), and cell phones.
Recycling in Pennsylvania
Recycling in Ohio
Reasons to Recycle
Why Recycle Aluminum?
- Aluminum is infinitely recyclable.
- More than half of the aluminum used to make the nearly 100 billion beverage cans each year in North America is from recycled aluminum.
- Recycling one can saves enough energy to run your TV for eight hours or a 100-watt light bulb for ten hours.
- It takes 95% less energy to recycle aluminum than create it from raw materials.
- Recycled aluminum requires less energy, so it produces 95% less emissions, such as greenhouse gases.
More facts about aluminum can recycling
Why Recycle Steel?
- Recycling steel prevents the need to mine additional iron and coal, the primary ingredients to make new steel.
- Producing new steel from virgin materials requires more non-renewable energy than steel made from recycled steel.
- Steel recycling saves landfill space as well as provides a scrap resource to the steel industry.
- For every ton of steel recycled, 2500 pounds of iron ore, 1400 pounds of coal and 120 pounds of limestone are conserved.
- At current rates of recycled steel use, the steel industry conserves the equivalent energy to power about 18 million homes for 12 months.
More facts about steel recycling
Why Recycle Glass?
- Glass is 100 percent recyclable and can be recycled endlessly without any loss in purity or quality.
- Recycled glass is always a component of making new glass (in addition to sand, soda ash, and limestone). The more recycled glass, the greater the reduction in energy use. This lowers manufacturing costs and benefits the environment. Raw materials are conserved and less energy demand reduces CO2 emissions.
Our Can Drop program has ended. We are extremely grateful to everyone who has donated their cans and scrap metal over the years to help us raise money for projects and cleanups. We would also like to thank Kilgore Sales and Service/ Towing in Hermitage for all of their support over the years, as well as Tri-County Industries for lending us the dumpster for several years, and The Engraving Place for allowing us to use their parking lot as the can drop location. Thank you!


As one of the world’s most widely-used renewable technologies, solar cell technology is evolving all the time. Most recently, researchers have come up with a new invention around solar power technology with the creation of what is being referred to as wavy solar cell, in reference to intentionally curvy cells that don’t conform to the usual design aesthetics of a solar panel nor weigh anything like as much either.
What’s in a wavy solar cell?
Researchers at the Power Roll in conjunction with the University of Sheffield have developed a new technique of using tiny grooves on either side of a cell with electrical contacts and then fitting semiconductors within the grooves themselves. The idea with this 3D design is that it reduces the complexity of a traditional flat solar panel by stripping out several of the usual steps along the way. This radically simplifies what’s traditionally needed with producing photovoltaic modules.
New materials and weight differences
The new type of wavy solar cell is unlike flat solar panels that are used currently. The ability to use different, lighter materials in the production of wavy solar cells gives more flexibility to manufacturers. The good news with this newer cell design is that it’s substantially lighter than current solar panel installations. This has a bearing both on the transportability of a pack of solar panels and where they can be fitted. With less weight, panels based on the wavy cell design will be easier to bring out to remote, off-grid locations or to ship them to local solar panel fitters too.
Once they go into mass production, the expectation is that these types of wavy cells will be less expensive to produce with no cost to their durability. The lesser weight with this new style is more advantageous to developing worlds in situations where panels must be imported because they’re not made locally.
In the push to make renewable energy better, cheaper and easier to set up, a solar panel comprised of lightweight wavy cells is certainly of interest to the scientific community. There’s greater flexibility on what materials are used, perhaps offering the potential for price competitiveness when eventually reaching mass production due to accelerating demand.
While new or wavy cells have pricked the attention of renewable energy enthusiasts, they’re still years away from mass production. In the meantime, the solar solutions we offer are still fantastic for saving you money on your energy bills, reducing your carbon footprint and improving your green credentials. We have decades of experience behind us, making us the perfect people to help you achieve a solar solution that’s precisely tailored to your business. You can find out more about commercial solar for business right here on our site, or alternatively give us a call on 01282 421 489


SARAD detectors have been approved for thousand times as OEM parts or inside our radiation detection equipment.
Key features are the robust design, low background and the outstanding spectroscopic performance even at low bias voltages. Only a 10 volts bias is required to deposit the whole emission energy of an alpha particle (up to 10 MeV) within the depletion layer. The BS types, especially designed for beta detection, provide a depleted region of 500 µm.
All types can be used under ambient conditions as well as in vacuum gauges. The entrance window is protected by an thin aluminium layer with a thickness of 50 nm (type V) or 500 nm (type E). The thicker aluminium of the E type detectors make them especially suitable for ambient light applications.
The detectors are delivered with a Microdot jack (industry standard) to guarantee the full compatibility with other manufacturers. BNC or SMA type jacks are optionally available.


What is a Fiber Optic Pigtail, and What Is It Used For?
Written by Ben Hamlitsch, trueFIBER Fiber Technical Specialist, RCDD, FOI
A fiber optic pigtail is a type of fiber optic cable with only one end that has a factory-terminated connector and the other end exposed as bare fiber. A fiber optic pigtail is typically used for field termination with a mechanical or fusion splicer. When compared to field-installed rapid termination or epoxy and polish connections, pre-terminated optical pigtails with connectors save time while providing improved performance and reliability.
The manner in which fiber optic cables are connected to the system is critical to the network's success. Optical signals can travel across the fiber optic network with minimal attenuation and return loss if done correctly. Fiber optic pigtails are an excellent technique to link optical fibers, and they are employed in a high percentage of single-mode applications. This topic covers the fundamentals of fiber optic pigtails, such as pigtail connection types, fiber pigtail specifications, and fiber optic pigtail splicing techniques.
Fiber Pigtail Specifications
A fiber optic pigtail is a fiber optic cable with one end terminated with a factory-installed connector and the other end unterminated. As a result, the connector side can be connected to equipment, while the other side is fused in the case of fusion splicing and a mechanical connection in the case of mechanical splicing optical fiber cables. Fiber-optic pigtails are used to connect fiber-optic cables using fusion or mechanical splicing. High-quality pigtail cables, combined with proper fusion splicing techniques, provide the highest performance for fiber optic cable terminations. Fiber optic pigtails are commonly encountered in fiber optic management equipment such as an ODF (optical distribution frame), a fiber terminal box, and a distribution box.
What Is the Difference Between a Fiber Pigtail and a Fiber Patch Cord?
Only one end of a fiber optic pigtail has a fiber connector inserted, leaving the other end empty. A fiber patch cord is terminated with fiber optic connectors on both ends. Patch cord fibers are often jacketed; however, fiber pigtail cables are typically unjacketed since they are spliced and protected in a fiber splice tray. Furthermore, patch cord fiber can be divided into two parts to create two pigtails. Some installers prefer to do this to save the hassle of testing pigtail cables in the field—they simply test the performance of a fiber patch cord before cutting it in half to make two fiber pigtails.
Types of Fiber Optic Pigtails
There are several types of fiber optic pigtails available: pigtail connector types include LC fiber pigtails, SC fiber pigtails, and ST fiber pigtails, among others. There are two types of fiber optic pigtails: singlemode fiber optic pigtails and multimode fiber optic pigtails. In terms of fiber count, 6 and 12 fiber optic pigtails are available on the market.
Types of Fiber
Singlemode (colored yellow) and multimode (colored aqua or violet) fiber optic pigtails are available. Multimode fiber optic pigtails are made of 62.5/125 micron or 50/125-micron bulk multimode fiber cables that are terminated at one end with multimode fiber optic connectors. Fiber optic pigtails for 10G multimode fiber cables (OM3 or OM4) are also available. Typically, the jacket color of 10G OM3 and OM4 fiber optic pigtails is aqua. Singlemode fiber pigtail cables are made of 9/125 micron singlemode fiber cable and are terminated at one end with single-mode fiber connectors.
Types of Fiber Pigtail Connectors
There are various types of pigtail cable connectors terminated at the end, such as LC fiber pigtails, SC fiber pigtails, ST fiber pigtails, FC fiber pigtails, MT-RJ fiber pigtails, E2000 fiber pigtails, and so on. Each has its own advantages in diverse applications and systems due to their different architectures and looks. Let's go over some popular ones.
LC Fiber Optic Pigtail: A non-optical disconnect connector with a 1.25mm pre-radiused zirconia or stainless alloy ferrule, the LC pigtail cable connector is cost-effective for usage in high-density CATV, LAN, WAN, test, and measurement applications.
SC Fiber Optic Pigtail: A non-optical disconnect connector with a 2.5mm pre-radiused zirconia or stainless alloy ferrule, the SC pigtail cable connector is cost-effective for usage in FTTX, CATV, LAN, WAN, test, and measurement applications. This connector is most commonly used with internet service providers.
FC Fiber Optic Pigtail: FC fiber pigtails benefit from the metallic body of FC optical connections, which have a screw-type structure and high-accuracy ceramic ferrules. FC fiber optic pigtails and related items are widely used in a variety of applications.
ST Fiber Optic Pigtail: The most common connector for multimode fiber optic LAN applications is the ST pigtail connector. It has a ferrule with an extended 2.5mm diameter composed of ceramic (zirconia), stainless alloy, or plastic. As a result, SC fiber pigtails are commonly used in telecommunications, industry, medical, and sensor applications.
Fiber optic pigtails, like fiber optic patch cords, are classified as UPC or APC. SC/APC pigtail, LC/APC pigtail, and SC/UPC and LC/UPC pigtail are the most widely utilized varieties.
Choosing the Right Fiber Pigtail
When choosing a fiber pigtail, there are several factors to consider, including:
Compatibility: The pigtail must be compatible with the optical components that it will be connecting.
Length: The pigtail must be the correct length to accommodate the distance between the two optical components.
Connector type: The pigtail must have the same connector type as the optical components that it will be connecting.
Other factors: Other factors to consider may include the pigtail's performance specifications, such as its attenuation and bandwidth.
There are a few things to keep in mind when installing fiber pigtails
The Dos and Don'ts of fiber pigtail installation:
- Use the correct tools and procedures.
- Clean the connectors before and after installation.
- Inspect the pigtails for damage before installation.
- Don't overfill splice sleeves when installing them into the splice case.
- Don't bend the pigtails too much—no more than the recommended bend radius.
- Don't expose the pigtails to harsh environments; most pigtails are designed for indoor applications.
Benefits of using a fiber optic pigtail
There are many benefits to using a fiber-optic pigtail, including:
Ease of installation: Pigtails are easy to install and can be used to connect devices quickly and easily.
Versatility: Pigtails are available in a variety of connector types and lengths, making them suitable for a wide range of applications.
Durability: Pigtails are made from high-quality materials and are designed to withstand harsh environments.
Cost-effectiveness: Pigtails are a cost-effective way to connect devices and extend the reach of your network.
Use cases for fiber optic pigtails
Fiber optic pigtails are used in a wide variety of applications, including:
Building fiber optic networks: Pigtails are used to connect various components in fiber optic networks, such as optical transceivers, optical amplifiers, and optical splitters.
Testing and maintenance: Pigtails are used to test and maintain fiber optic networks. They can be used to connect test equipment to the network or to isolate a problem area.
Data centers: Pigtails are used in data centers to connect optical transceivers and patch panels. This enables data centers to handle large amounts of data traffic efficiently and with minimal signal loss.
Telecom networks: Pigtails are used in telecom networks to connect various devices, such as telephones, routers, and switches.
Security systems: Pigtails are used in security systems to connect cameras, sensors, and controllers.
How to choose a fiber optic pigtail
When choosing a fiber optic pigtail, there are a few factors you need to consider, such as:
The type of connector: Pigtails are available with a variety of connector types, such as SC, LC, and ST.
The length of the pigtail: Pigtails are available in a variety of lengths, from a few centimeters to a few meters.
The type of fiber optic cable: Pigtails are available for both singlemode and multimode fiber optic cables.
The environment where the pigtail will be used: Pigtails are available for indoor and outdoor use.
Types of Fiber Pigtail Splicing
Mechanical splicing is a simple alignment device that allows light to enter from one fiber to the other by holding the ends of the two fibers in precise alignment. This method has been around for many years. It continues to be popular because it provides immediate, straightforward termination and requires fewer consumables than traditional epoxy-polished connector methods. Mechanical fusion splicing has a lower initial investment but a higher cost per splice.
Fiber fusion splicing is a technique that uses high temperatures generated by the discharge between electrode rods to fuse optical fibers. Fiber splicing is stronger than mechanical fusion splicing, producing less loss and back reflection because the resulting splice point is virtually seamless. However, this method requires an expensive fiber optic fusion splicer, resulting in a higher initial investment but a lower cost per splice.
To learn more about mechanical splicing and fusion splicing, read our article, Fiber Optic Splicing: Examining the Factors that Affect Splice Performance.
trueFIBER Pigtail Solutions
Fiber optic pigtails are a versatile and cost-effective way to terminate your bare fiber cable as well as connect devices and extend the reach of your network. They are easy to install, available in a variety of connector types and lengths, and made from high-quality materials. Pigtails are used in a wide range of applications, including building fiber optic networks, testing and maintenance, data centers, telecom networks, and security systems. We offer a variety of singlemode pigtails for your application needs.
trueFIBER presents the information on our website, including the “Fiber Forum” blog and live chat support, as a service to our customers and other visitors to our website subject to our website terms and conditions. While the information on this website is about data networking and electrical issues, it is not professional advice and any reliance on such material is at your own risk.


The fine art of plastics
PET belongs to the polyester family and is probably best known to us through the production of beverage bottles. The outstanding properties and versatile benefits of this thermoplastic material make it ideal for use in many other areas and as a strap.
PET tape does not rust and therefore leaves no marks on packaging or directly on the product. The elastic elongation of 8% makes it possible to hold the packaging firmly together even when shrinking - for example, due to stacking or drying out. PET strap is a real alternative to steel strap in certain application.
Polyester is six times lighter than steel and helps reduce costs on many levels. TITAN PET strap is made of 100% recycled material, is UV-resistant for decades and impresses with a high reliability rate. This makes it particularly popular for strapping pallet loads or bales, for example in the wood and building materials industry.
Finally, the "burst behaviour" and thus the reduced risk of injury is also a decisive factor for the frequent use of polyester tape. By the way: TITAN can produce and deliver PET strap in coils up to 350 kg.
|Technical Data |
|Dimensions ||from 9 x 0.60mm to 32 x 1.40mm |
from 3/8 x 0.024'' to 1 1/4 x 0.055''
|Breaking load || ≥ 450 up to 550 N/mm2 |
≥ 65,267 to 79,771psi
|Breaking load approx. ||up to 12,000 N I 2,700 lbf |
|elongation (A5) min approx. || ≥ 12 % |
|Surface ||smooth, textured |
|Winding ||oscillated wound |
|Form of delivery ||skid pallets, frames for jumbo coils, special skids on request |
|Quality Management ||Our quality management is certified according to DIN EN ISO 9001. |
|Roll sizes ||Standard-roll 25 kg I 55 lbs |
Jumbo-roll 75 kg I 165 lbs
Superjumbo-roll 150 kg I 330 lbs
Megajumbo-roll 400 kg I 881 lbs


CZ-300 (CZ Generation)
EASY INSTALLATION & OPERATION
Designed with functionality and usability in mind.
LARGE BUILD SIZE
We understand your basic 3D printing need of having a large build volume. Our CZ-300 printer provides a build area of 300x300x300mm (11.8x11.8x11.8 inches) for you getting started.
NEW NOZZLE DESIGN
The selected 0.4 mm nozzle is made of copper that came with the hotend supporting max temperature up to 260 °C. Its feature delivers good printing quality of this DIY 3D printer.
HEATED PRINT BED & CONSTANT TEMPERATURE CONTROL
Our CZ-300 printer is installed a heated print bed that can be setup with the consistent printing temperature from 40 to 90°C. Its feature serves variety of filament materials to fulfil your printing needs.
LCD GRAPHICAL INTERFACE
The control box uses 3”LCD adopted the graphical interface optimization for friendly usage.
SUPPORTED MULTIPLE FILAMENTS
PLA, ABS, PETG, Carbon Fiber PLA, Metallic PLA etc.(includes third-party filaments)
PRODUCT SAFETY CERTIFICATION
The product has CE, LVD, and FCC safety certification to keep safe in use.
Steel Nozzle Tip
Print Bed Glass


THE MILLER RESEARCH GROUP
B.S., 1987, Clarkson University
Ph D., 1991, Clarkson University
Post-Doctoral Fellow, 1990-92, Exxon Research and Engineering Co.
Research Chemist, 1992-93, Exxon Research and Engineering Co.
Senior Chemist, 1993-95, Exxon Research and Engineering Co.
Assistant Professor, 1995-2001, University of New Hampshire
Associate Professor, 2001-06, University of New Hampshire
Professor, 2006-present, University of New Hampshire
Glen P. Miller
Class of 1944 Professor of Organic Chemistry and Materials Science
Department of Chemistry and Materials Science Program
University of New Hampshire
218 Parsons Hall
23 Academic Way
Durham, NH 03824-3598
Welcome to our site. The Miller Group at the University of New Hampshire conducts research at the intersections of synthetic and physical-organic chemistries, materials chemistry and nanotechnology. We also initiate and conduct numerous outreach activities including industrial engagement and activities for K-12 teachers and students. Please explore our site to find out more.


Our MILWAUKEE® SHOCKWAVE Impact Duty™ 23PC RED HELIX™ Titanium Drill Bit Set is engineered for extreme durability and long life. The QUAD EDGE™ tip delivers a precision start and features four cutting edges to create smaller chips for faster material removal and less heat leading to improved performance. Designed with a VARIABLE HELIX™ flute that begins with an aggressive 35° helical angle and ends at 15° for rapid chip removal. The bits also feature an internal thicker tapered web that greatly increases strength, reducing premature breakage. Ideal for various applications including but not limited to wood, plastics, and metals. MILWAUKEE® RED HELIX™ Titanium Drill Bits provide up to 5X life vs. black oxide drill bits. The set is organized in a customizable accessory case designed for use in PACKOUT™.


As the rapid growth of population, the global community faces incredible challenge from energy consumption, the environment and health. Industrial catalysis not only plays a key role on reducing the raw materials and energy consumption, but also on the environmental pollutants control. However, Inevitable use of precious metal makes the prices of catalysts staying at a high level. Reducing the price of catalysts through reducing usage of precious metal as well as reserve its activities is a key technical challenge and economical concern in catalysts industry.
3D Nano-array catalysts invented in University of Connecticut provide a potential solution on reducing the usage of precious metals and critical materials in catalysts. 3D- Nano-array based structured catalysts provide some new opportunities for the structured catalysts: 1) enhance the mechanical stability due to the improved adhesion between direct grown nano-array catalysts and substrate; 2) improve the thermal stability by reducing materials aggregation and surface area loss induced by high temperature sintering; 3) tune the catalytic efficiency through morphology, shape and crystalline modification.
Through using our game changer 3D nano-array catalysts technology, 3DAT aims to supply monolithic catalysts with 30% lower price of state-of-art monolithic catalysts used in catalytic converter with the same or even improved performance. With the patented process, we in-situ fabricate the high efficiency nano-catalysts on the converter device, the technology not only can decrease the price but also improve the lifetime of catalytic converter for 20%.
3D Array Tech is developing Low-temperature Diesel Oxidation Catalysts, Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF) to meet the emission control target for Diesel engine.
3D Array Tech is still in the R&D stage, and we just passed the proof of concept stage. We are working on the first prototype product for LNT catalsyts. We are expecting to get the first prototype and finish the catalytic performance test in this year.


Spencer Yeager is a Ph.D. student studying Analytical Chemistry in the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry at the University of Arizona. Prior to arriving in Tucson, he received a B.S. in Chemistry and Minor in Information Science and Technology from Temple University in Philadelphia, PA. His current research involves understanding electron transfer at organic semiconductor interfaces, where he primarily uses electrochemical and spectroscopic techniques. Understanding these processes can help set design guidelines for fabricating better performing energy generation and storage technologies. Spencer believes that these materials, which are low cost, printable, and environmentally friendly, will be the key to making renewable energy and energy storage accessible to everyone, and lead to a more sustainable future.


A smaller version of Baggu's original reusable shopping bag. Perfect for your lunch, a six pack, extra shoes, or a trip to the corner store.
Baggu's commitment to sustainability means...
Minimal Waste Design: To minimize waste and increase durability, reusable bags are assembled from one continuous piece of recycled nylon material, with the neck of the bag used to construct the carrying pouch.
Recycled Nylon: Starting with their Spring 2022 collection, all of ripstop nylon styles are now made with 100% recycled nylon filament yarn (up from 40% recycled before). This 100% recycled nylon yarn is produced from pre-consumer waste, which saves scrap material from being landfilled — meaning every Standard Baggu is now made entirely from nylon that would otherwise go to a landfill. This also conserves petroleum resources, and reduces greenhouse gas emissions.
Recycled Packaging: Standard Baggu packaging is made from FSC-certified 100% recycled paper stock, with non-plastic eco-friendly coatings that are fully recyclable. The mailers they use to ship orders are made in the US from 100% recycled paper and are fully recyclable.


What Is Hydroblasting
Hydro blasting is a form of industrial cleaning where high-pressure water is used for lead and paint removal.
How Does Hydroblasting Work?
Force and flow both refer to the amount and pressure of the water. The specific material that needs to be removed will determine which tool needs to be used for removal. If the goal is to remove a substance, both flow and force must be considered in the equation. More flow obviously means more water, yet it also means the material/substance will move more, as well. More pressure is primarily used to “cut” the substance, resulting in less movement.
One final important consideration is the type of surface that is to be cleaned. Water applied at high pressures can cut some surfaces, including steel. It’s crucial to apply the right solution based on the surface material.
What Is Hydroblasting Used For?
Hydro blasting is used to clean interior and exterior spaces like pipes, boilers, tanks and cooling towers with high-pressure water. Many industries choose hydro blasting for their cleaning needs because it does not require any harsh chemicals abrasives.
Hydro blasters can also be utilized when cleaning drainage systems, reactors and evaporators. Essentially, the water is used to remove any stubborn materials/substances by force and flow. Hydro blasting has also been used to cut into flammable tanks without risking fires.
Check out this video by Native Environmental to see how hydro blasting works:
Native Environmental in Phoenix, Arizona, has experience in hydro blasted flooring products that include mastic, epoxies and thin sets, exterior paint removal project from buildings and tanks, and literally hundreds of miles of lead based paint striping from highways, airports and parking structures. Other hydro blasting applications include:
- Large mastic and epoxy coating removal on vertical and horizontal surfaces.
- Lead based paint removal from highways, airports and parking.
- Removal of non-hazardous coatings.
- Thin sets.
- Exterior paint removal from tanks and buildings.
- IDF rooms where dust is an issue.
- Stripping coatings from smelter stack on a mine site.
- Vessels and tanks.
- Polymer removal.
- Surface preparation and cleaning.
- Boilers, condensers, heat exchangers, process lines.
Hydroblasting Services By Native Environmental LLC In Phoenix, Arizona
Native Environmental has the equipment and trained personnel to offer a service to our clients that saves both time and money on large mastic and epoxy coating removal projects on vertical or horizontal surfaces. The hydro-blasting system uses high pressure water blasting equipment with full water and debris recovery to remove the mastic and coatings while containing all of the generated water and debris so that it can be properly segregated for disposal. The transportation industry has been using the system for years for the removal of lead based paint striping from roadways with a high degree of success, and likewise, Native has been using it to remove flooring mastic and lead based paint coatings, as well as the
Using up to 40,000 psi of water pressure, Native Environmental’s hydro-blasting services utilize equipment that is capable of removing almost any coating on horizontal and vertical surfaces, and leaving behind a clean and usable substrate for the purposes of re-application. Without the use of messy solvents that can cause odor issues and problems with the put back of other materials, this system can save time and money, particularly on larger scale projects. Use of the hydro-blasting system, with total recovery, allows a clean surface while still regarding the removal and disposal of hazardous substances.


Aerosol research needs various analytical instruments.
Many of the aerosol particles are less than one micrometer in size, which makes it difficult to observe under an optical microscope. Electron microscope is used to investigate different types of particles and their characteristics. Unlike optical microscope, which uses light to magnify the image of an object (such as magnifying glasses), electron microscope uses electron beam, which has much shorter wavelength and theoretically enables to observe an atomic level of objects. By using electron microscope and the sample's interference effect, their compositions, crystal structure, and chemical bonding state can be analyzed.
There are two different types of electron microscope; TEM and SEM. The difference between the two are that TEM uses transmitted electron beam to analyze the sample, while SEM uses secondary or backscattering electrons. TEM has following advantages: 1) it can observe the internal structures of a sample and 2) it obtains higher resolution. On the other hand, since TEM uses a transmitted electron beam, the sample must be thin, and TEM needs high voltage and high vacuum. On the other hand, SEM uses secondary electron which makes it easier to analyze the surface of samples. The weakness of using SEM is that an electron beam spread within a samples, making it difficult to gain a high resolution mages. TEM is normally used to observe the inner structure of particles smaller than 1 micrometer, and SEM is used when particles are bigger than that.
Some aerosol particles contain Nitrate, Sulfate, Chloride, and Ammonium. In order to understand the compositions and amount of aerosol particles in the atmosphere, we use IC.


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Douglas Vapor Batch Plate
The Douglas Vapor Batch Plate is designed for both microbatch and vapor
diffusion (sitting drop) crystallization. It has 96 wells in the center and
several reservoirs around the outside. The reservoirs can be used to
preserve microbatch crystals by preventing drying out of the wells, or they can
be used for simple vapor diffusion experiments where up to 96 wells are
equilibrated against a single precipitant (preliminary experiments suggest that
this method finds more hits in screening experiments than the conventional
method of using the same solution in the reservoir and the drop).
Two versions of the Vapor Batch plate are available: treated (hydrophilic) and untreated (hydrophobic). We recommend the treated hydrophilic version for most applications including screening.
The untreated hydrophobic plates are useful for some optimization experiments and for some detergents and proteins. Experiments dispensed to the treated hydrophilic plates tend form disc shaped drops whilst experiments dispensed to
the untreated hydrophobic plate tend to form rounder taller drops - Please see example drops in image below
Please click here for detailed instructions for using the Douglas Vapor Batch Plate.
Holders are available from Douglas Instruments to provide a regular Linbro or SBS ( i.e. regular 96-well) footprint.
The Douglas Vapor Batch Plate was designed and is manufactured by Douglas Instruments. It can be obtained from Douglas Instruments and from Hampton Research.
Douglas Instruments is running a competition for the best use of the Douglas Vapor Batch Plate.
|VB-SILVER-2/1-80||Untreated hydrophobic Vapor Batch plates - box of 80 plates|
|VB-GOLD-2/1-80||Plasma treated hydrophilic Vapor Batch plates - box of 80 plates|
|VB-SILVER-2/1-10||Untreated hydrophobic Vapor Batch plates - box of 10 plates|
|VB-GOLD-2/1-10||Plasma treated hydrophilic Vapor Batch plates- box of 10 plates|
For prices see the Products page.


Over the course of the years, many advancements have been made to indoor plumbing to further improve how fresh and wastewater are transferred to and from homes throughout Olympia and beyond. For many decades, the type of piping materials most commonly used included clay, cast iron, and galvanized steel. But each has fallen out of use by professional plumbers due to their tendency to break down or corrode.
So if you are looking to schedule a new Olympia plumbing installation to replace your existing pipes (this service is called repiping), it’s probably because your home was built in a time that these materials were still common, and your current plumbing is in danger of failure from corrosion. Fortunately, when you call on our team for this service, you can count on our plumbers using the right material, to ensure that your new plumbing lasts for many, many years. So, what are these materials?
This tends to be the most common type of metal used in plumbing systems today. Copper is used for hot and cold tap water, as it can effectively handle both—while older piping is more susceptible to corrosion from hot water. Copper is lightweight, easy to work with, and as a result, costs less than other types of metals.
Soft copper, also known as ductile copper, is easy to bend to make it easier for our plumbing to lay in new pipes. However, most water-carrying pipes do consist of rigid lines. Copper is resistant to corrosion, which is one of the main reasons it replaced steel. This doesn’t, however, mean that it is corrosion proof. There are some types of corrosion that can still impact copper, like pitting corrosion or damage from liquid, store-bought, drain cleaners. We’ll get to that below!
CPVC (Chlorinated Polyvinyl Chloride)
This is a type of plastic tubing that most homeowners are familiar with—if not by name then at least by sight. It’s becoming more popular due to its corrosion-resistance, even at higher temperatures. This makes it a great choice for hot water piping. It’s also flexible, and easy to shape to fit most spaces.
PEX (Cross-Linked Polyethylene)
This is the newest type of plastic piping, now in regular use in the plumbing community. It has a number of various benefits for both residential buildings and commercial alike. It’s very flexible and does not require elbow joints the way that CPVC or copper pipes do. It also costs less than the other piping options (usually by about 25%) and is not susceptible to corrosion.
Like copper, PEX piping is good for either hot or cold water piping and requires less labor since the pipes don’t need to be soldered together, which makes for a quick and convenient installation.
Stay Away from Liquid Drain Cleaners!
No matter what type of piping is running through your complex plumbing system, you can bring all to a halt by using chemical, store bought drain cleaners. That’s because these chemicals are caustic. Sure, they eat through a clog (though, don’t effectively remove it), but that also means they eat away at the lining of your pipes—until you’re left with corroded plumbing and subsequent leaks. Contact our team for professional, effective, and long-lasting drain cleaning that doesn’t rely on these store-bought “solutions”!


Amorphous solids, which include colloidal glasses, dense emulsions, foams, and granular materials, are ubiquitous and important in both engineering and industry. When subjected to a suddenly imposed stress, they can exhibit a transient flow known as creep during which the flow rate decays as a power law over time. This power law is characterized by a quantity called the creep exponent. If the stress inducing the creep flow is low, the material eventually stops moving. But if this stress is sufficiently high, the power-law decay can be followed by sudden fluidization. Together with colleagues from École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) and Université Paris-Saclay, Marko Popović of the Max Planck Institute for Physics of Complex Systems developed a theory of creep flow that can predict both the creep exponent and the time at which sudden fluidization occurs, as well as the temperature dependence of these two quantities. These predictions have been tested in numerical simulations and are consistent with previously published experimental observations. The key ingredient of the proposed theory is the new concept of a transient yield stress, which reflects the dynamics of the maximal stress that the material could sustain without flowing while it undergoes creep flow. Remarkably, the scaling of the creep exponent and the time of fluidization then follow from generic properties of the transient yield stress for both athermal and thermal systems. The success of the transient yield stress concept opens new exciting questions: What is the origin of the transient yield stress and what controls its dynamics? Can the concept of a transient yield stress be employed to describe other characteristic behaviours associated with the yielding of amorphous solids, such as shear banding instabilities?
Marko Popović, et al.
, Phys. Rev. Lett. 129
, 208001 (2022), Editors' Suggestion
Selected for a Synopsis in Physics


The Teckentrup range of SL sectional doors are made from aluminium frame sections, for a delicate overall impression.
Our glazing elements are extremely light permeable and provide an elegant optical appearance to any warehouse building. Teckentrup offer the SL sectional door in two thicknesses, 40 mm and 80 mm.
The Teckentrup SL 40 sectional door with aluminium frame profile and glazing elements is extremely light permeable and gives every building an elegant style. The high light penetration provides a friendly working environment.
The glazing shapes and patterns can be designed individually. Optimum light incidence creates a positive and pleasant work environment. Depending on your wishes and requirements, colour panels to match the frame section can also be combined with the glazing elements. Teckentrup offers the right drive for every type of door.
Implementing efficient thermal insulation and, at the same time, utilising the many possibilities of lighting design – this is made possible with the SL 80 industrial sectional door. The glazing will convince you with its excellent thermal insulation values and delicate appearance.
The SL 80 door type is fully glazed which permits viewing into and out of the hall, allows daylight into the interior and keeps heat inside due to their high proportion of glass construction.
The high insulating effect is achieved by the double side seals between the frame and door leaf.
The rot-proof bottom seal made from non-freeze EPDM rubber profile smooths out floor unevenness and protects from cold and damp.
It securely closes, seals and insulates the door in the lintel across its full width.
Our products attain a great thermal effect by combining many constructive features: The double-walled, 80 mm thick steel panels are coated with highly-insulating polyurethane (PU) foam and thermally separated from one another.
In addition, the door leaf is equipped with a rot-free double seal. In this way, it achieves an extremely low UDvalue of 0.58 W/(m2K)*. A quality that effectively minimises cold or heat losses and tangibly reduces energy costs.
* Refers to a closed SW 80 door with an area of 5 x 5 m.


Montero Mining Catalyst Clip with President & CEO Tony Harwood at the 2018 PDAC in Toronto
Montero Mining & Exploration Ltd. is a mineral exploration and development company engaged in the identification, acquisition, evaluation and exploration of mineral properties in Africa.
Montero’s new strategy is focussed on the battery metals in Africa and is currently exploring the Soris Lithium Project in Namibia. Namibia is one of the most progressive mining investment countries in Africa.
Montero has a Rare Earth Elements (REE) project in Tanzania and Phosphate project in South Africa.